019210 (Jnrmll MnteraitH Slbtarg ^orH H.VsInl^oC RETURN TO ALBERT R. MANN LIBRARY ITHACA, N. Y. ^'^ATE i* itmmtfimmm HHO GAYLORD PRINTED IN U. S A . CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY 924 076 356 850 Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2015 https://archive.org/details/foreststream8919unse FOREST AND STREAM ESTABLISHED 1873 FOR NEARLY HALF-A- CENTURY THE RECOGNIZED SPORTSMAN’S AUTHORITY IN AMERICA VOLUME 89 January to December 1919 FOREST AND STREAM PUBLISHING COMPANY NINE EAST FORTIETH STREET NEW YORK CITY A^A-'\U44 INDEX TO CONTENTS s- ^ EDITORIAL COMMENT Page An After-the-War Casting Tournament.... 24 An Ideal of Life 24 An Invitation 73 Another Birthday 408 Arrow, The 168 Attacks on the Antelope 282 Bag Limits. 603 Brooks and Preparedness 218 Case of the Quail, The 344. Colonel Theodore Roosevelt 72 Connecticut Protects Her Grouse 409 Died a Soldier’s Death 72 Doctor Henshall’s Autobiography 219 Dog Without a Master, A 169» Early Shooting Days 603 Ferrett and the Rahbit, The 344 Forest and Stream for November 537 Forestry for the Nation 656 Game Refuges in Our Forests 602 Georgia Game Laws 657 Gulf Rangers Vindicated 409 Healthy Thoughts for the Boy 656 Hills, The 121 Hunter Who Smiles, The 345 Importing Quail From Mexico 657 International Association of Game Com- missioners 173 John Lyon 24 Johnny, Get Your Gun 73 Leonard Hulit’s Fishing Stories 283 Man Is Only an Imitator 218 Migratory Bird Treaty Upheld 345 Nature Camouflages Sierra Grouse 283 Nature Worshippers 73 New Canadian Bird Refuge 282 New York Steps Backward 345 Night Prowling Birds 169 No Trespassing Allowed 603 October Colors 537 On Behalf of the Dog 121 Passenger Pigeons Seen 169 Public Sewers 408 Pure Water Needed 472 Request From the Biological Survey, A.... 169 Rivers, The 219 Roosevelt Experiment Station 409 Roosevelt Memorial Association 536 Ruffed Grouse or None 536 Sale of Trophies, The 24 Save New Jersey’s Pheasants! 120 Scientists Discover Rare Fish 282 School for Bird Study, A 283 Shooting .\ccidents 602 Signs of Approaching .\utumn 473 Sportsman and the Rabbit, The 472 Sportsmen’s Memorial to a Great Leader, A 120 Springtime in the City 219 Suggestions for Field Naturalists 657 Theory of Migration, A 168 Tin Hats and the Deer Season 603 Page To Domesticate the Musk-Ox 120 Uniform Laws for Migratory Birds 283 Victoria Fisheries Association 409 Virginia Game Sanctuaries 537 Wild Animals of North America 121 Why Not Scented Baits 169 Word for the Canoe, A 73 Year of the Audubon Society, A 72 HUNTING AND SHOOTING After Bear With Bow and Arrow — Saxton Pope 330 After Goaf in Alaska — -Robert E. McGlas- ban 358 •Arlington, Goose Town — W. R. Macllrath 666 Big Game Hunt in New Brunswick, A — E. L. Pope 647 Boar Hunt in France, A — William D. Leetch 695 Complicated Fox Hunt, A — Richard Bul- lock 110 Deer Hunt in the Black Hills, A — Ray Frost 519 Ducks and a Day of Reckoning — Armour W. Barbour 594 Duck Shooting On the Mexican Border — Lieut. -Col. John A. Considine 19 Great Storm at Ortley’s, The — Widgeon.. 268 Hawk Hunting With a Decoy Owl — Harry L. Ferguson 391 Holiday Hunt for a Turkey Dinner, A Osceola 13 Hunting Merriam Wild Turkey — H. H. Sheldon 60 Hunting on the Upper Klutlan — Lee Mig- hell ...r 265 Hunting the Irish Red Deer — Sir Thomas H. Grattan Esmond, M.P 51 Hunting the Moose — Phil H. Moore 488 Hunting the Wild Pig in Arizona J. G. Brown 7 In the New Allenwater Country — M. L. Gochenour 588 Manual of Wild-Fowl Shooting, A — Fred- erick A. Willits 462, 528, 591, 650 Moose and the Way to Call Them — H. A. P. Smith 583 My Father’s Last Shot at Ducks — Wid- geon 586 Old Ducking Days on Cape Cod — Walter Hastings 525 On an Elk Hunt in the Olympics — W. A. Sternberg 648 On a Furlough After Bob White — Lieut. Warren H. Miller, U.S.N.R 596 On the Trail of the Club-Foot Bear — John B. Griffin 3 Poling the Tide Flats for Rail — E. R. Wilbur 474 Record Shot, A — Widgeon 58 Return From the Hunt, The — John P. Holman 55, 106 Rolling Fields of Somerset, The — Wid- geon 458 Scourge of the Prairies — ‘‘Bob White”.... 103 Sheep Hunting in Mexico — E. N. Requa.. 204 Page Shooting Ducks at Ocracote — W. R. Brown 109 Spring Bear Hunt in Cassiar, A— Arthur Bannon Wyoming Sheep Hunt, A — Cyrus Thomp- son 420 FISH AND FISHING After Bass With Flies — Noa Spears 68 After Trout in Northern Ontario — J. R. Todd 406 Angling for the Gamey Bass — Ben. C. Robinson 327 Angling for Speckled Trout — David Harold Colcord 201 Angling for the Striped Bass Leonard Hulit 404 As to the Ways of Perch — Leonard Hulit 470 At Cranberry Lake — C. P. Morris 228 Bobbing for Eels and Selling Frogs — Leonard Hulit 654 Boy and the Trout, The — Virginius 214 Bygone Days on Caddo Lake — J. A. Phillips 158 Catching and Spearing Suckers — Leonard Hulit 598 Catfish Philosophy — Leonard Hulit 340 Colors of Fishes, The — ^John T. Nichols... 22‘0 Constructive Criticism, A — R. L. M 217 Cost of Fishing, The — William Barber Haynes 294 Elements of Trout Fishing, The — Robert Page Lincoln 342 Fighting the Fresh Water Tiger — F. H. Graham 468 First Requisite of the Angler, The — Leon- ard Hulit 20 Fishing at Montauk — Dr. H. H. Thorp. . . . 546 Fishing by the Friendly Fireside — Vir- ginius 22 Fishing in the Mississippi Flood — W. R. Macllrath 278 Going Cattie Fishing With a Boy — Leonard Hulit 280 How to Improve in Bait Casting — George S. Brown 400 How to Tie the Artificial Fly — Dr. Harry Gove 166 Independence in Trout Fishing — Ernest Warren Brockway 209 Killing of the Ouananiche, The — Dr. John D. Quackenbos 70 King of the Lily Pads, The — Lieut. War- ren H. Miller, U.S.N.R 532 Lake Erie Hut Fishing — ^Jefferson William- son 116 Leopard of the Lake, The — Leonard Hulit 69 Making Your Own Bass Bugs — Noa Spears 118 National Recreation Grounds 142 New Hatchery, A 141 Northern Pike of Lewey Lake, The — Tama- rack 534 Notes on the Wet Fly — Ladd Plumley 360 Painter of Fish, A 142 Rejuvenation, A — Leonard Hulit 216 Surf Angling ge INDEX TO CONTENT S— Continued Page Trout and Water Conditions — Ernest War- ren Brockway Uncle Sam’s Fishing Contest 141 Unidentified Fish 1®® Ways of Anglers, The — W. E. Walcott 356 CANOEING AND CAMPING Anatomy of the Canoe, The — Forest Har- low 158 Freedom’s Ark, the Canoe — ^Forest Har- low ®® Fresh Water Canoe Cruising — Lieut. War- ren H. Miller, U.S.N.R 394 Gulf Rangers, The — W. Livingston Lar- ned 14, 62, 112, 160, 206, 270, 332, 396 Nova Scotian Outfit— Phil H. Moore 319 On the One-Day Hike — Jule Marshall 362 Outing Preparations — C. R. Macintosh.... 484 Salesman and Camping — Edward Russell Wilbur 296 NATURAL HISTORY Antelopes of Lower California — Robert Cushman Murphy 74 At Home With the Blue-Eyed Shags — Robert Cushman Murphy 26 Bay Ducks of Genus Marila — Ludlow Griscom 658 Black Rhino of the Lado — Major C. H. Stigand 604 Bob White Versus Dove — J. T. N 658 Dangerous Sharks of the Coast — Robert Cushman Murphy 346 Further Notes on Shore Birds — John T. Nichols 475 Gopher Above Ground, A — Dwight Frank- lin 658 Migration South of the Equator — Robert Cushman Murphy 170 Notes on Long Island Shore Birds — J. T. Nichols 122 Notes on Shore Birds — J. T. Nichols 27 Notes on Shore Bird Shooting — Elward Russell Wilbur 410 Plant Lice and Scale Insects — R. C. Mur- phy 285 Ring-Necked Snake, The — Howard K. Green 27 Swimming Hare, The 256 Variations in Birds’ Eggs, The — R. C. Murphy 2184 White Rhino of the Lado, The — Major C. H. Stigand 538 CONSERVATION Crow War Declared — W. R. Macllrath. . . . 212 Culprits Worth Killing 242 Forest Fires Kill Game and Fisl^ 320 Preventing Forest Fires 383 To Protect Ruffed Grouse 94 NESSMUK’S CAMPFIRE An Ingenious Light 540 Another Use for the Office Clip 287 An Outdoorman’s Refrigerator — Frank Winch 476 Page Bait on Artificial Lures 541 Beach Tent, A — A. F. Westervelt 476 Belt Axe Case 540 Best Fly Dope, The 222 Blinds for Bay Shooting 286 Bottle Torch, A 173 Cafeteria for Birds, A 172 “Canned” Worms for Bait 173 Care for a Sticky Line — R. J. B 29 Clothing for Winter Sports 124 Concerning Fly Dope 76 Coolness in Wing Shooting 286 Device to Save Leaders, A 349 Dish of Our Forefathers, A 173 Duck Food Collecting 76 Durable Rod Case, A 223 Fair Weather Indications 287 F'ire Lighting With a Gun 349 Five Hints 222 Fishing for Spring Water 34g Fishing Outfit, A 223 Fly Fishing for Pollack 541 For Blistered Feet 76 For Suspicious Travelers 77 Four Kinks 286 F'rom an Old Hunter — Joe Jennings 28 Good Camp Grate, A 222 Grasshopper Fly, The — R. L. M 412 Hand Power Row Boat — P. P. Avery 661 Handy Baker, A 223 Handy Sewing Outfit, A 286 Handy Trowel, The 541 How I Caught a Swarm of Bees 125 How to Aequire Quickness in Wing Shoot- ing 349 How to Carry Condensed Milk 541 How to Catch Worms 348 Information Wanted 173 Keeping Warm With One Blanket — James H. Hull 541 Knife Knowledge — L. E. Eubanks 28 ’Leven Kinks — Jim Ferguson 172 Log Cabin Building — Charles Meakins. . . . ^606 Make Your Own Decoys 76 Making Duck Decoys — D. W. O’Neil, Jr.. 660 Market for Spruce Gum 348 Memory Aid, A 124 Mosquito Smudge 349 New Fly “Dope,” 124 One Way to Start a Fire 222 Peg for Your Fly Rods, A 287 Pocket Minnow Net 223 Pork Rind Bait, A 348 Rain Indications 349 Real Oilskin Waterproof Coat, A — J. W. Matthews 28 Repairing Small Burns in a Tent 172 Rubbing for Worms — Osceola 541 Sandworm Bait 348 Save the Frog 349 Shifts and Expedients — Jim Ferguson 29 Snow-Shoe Harness, A — Jay Lee 29 Sounding Lead, A 287 Page Strength of Gut, The — R. L. M 540 Take Care of Your Rod 223 To Fasten a Sinker 349 To Keep Worms Fresh 287 To Keep Cobbler’s Wax Soft 77 To Kill Insect Specimens — C. H. Windsor 29 To Patch a Boot 222 To Skin an Eel 223 To Trap Skunk 173 Trap for Moles 125 To Wash Fish Kettles — W. C. Hovey 29 Which Is Your Good Eye? 125 LETTERS, QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A. C. A. By-Laws Amendment — Guy L. Baker 81 A. C. A. Constitution Amended — Oscar S. Tyson 31 A. C. A. Notes — Oscar J. West 126 American Canoe Association 612, 688 Alabama Anglers — Jack R. Connor 31 A1 Can Get Them — Donald C. Collom 78 An Adopted Squirrel — Harold Carter 81 An Appreciation — H. Lindley, M.D 32 An Experience With a “Goose Hawk” — Charles II. Babbitt 664 An Invitation — L. B. Anderson 126 An Ounce of Prevention — Chas. L. Burns 78 Anybody Else — W. R. Wood 129 Ardent Sportsmen — C. W. Comins 126 Aviators Spotting Fish — E. J. Heath 632 Baby Porcupine, A — Edward T. Martin... 480 Bennett’s Long Gun — C. A. Bennett 544 Betraying King Cat — Geo. D. Hurley 32 Book Plate, A 226 Boring of Shot Guns — W. M. E 30 Camouflage in Bird Nature — Robt. H. Rockwell 353 Camping in an Awning Lean-To — C. M. Breeder 352 Canoeing on the Connecticut River — Er- nest A. Brown 415 Canoe Trip— E. A. Brown 542 Canoe Trip Souvenir, A — H. L. Russell... 665 Catching a Black Bear — R. H. Billings.... 291 Catching I'rogs With a Light — S. W. Jones 288 Concerning Arrow Heads 177 Concerning Brown Trout — Leonard Hulit.. 290 Concerning Brown Trout — Phil. Moore. . . . 290 Concerning the Cottontail — E. E. W 609 Coon Hunt, A — John L. Jones 415 Cooing Fish, The 227 Cooing Fish Again, The — R. L. Cox 352 Day With Coast-Trout, A — ^Henry S. Al- kire 543 Definition of a Game Fish — Dr. James Alexander Henshall 80 Definition of Sportsman 226 Dogs and Skunks — A. B. C 129 Ducks and Alkali 177 Ducks at Hook Lake — Frank Lawrence.... 542 Elk in Pennsylvania — Jeff Evans 479 WMIIIIIIII^ INDEX TO CONTENTS-Com^/wm^J Page Few Remarks. A — C. B. Morss 663 Fine Night Spoiled, A 226 Fish in Gulf Waters, The — E. Steel Part- ridge 31 Flying Squirrel, The 227 Flying a Vice-Commodore’s Flag — Oscar S. Tyson 128 For the Benefit of Others — Martha A. Bates 32 From an Old Subscriber — Brant 542 From an Old Subscriber — J. B. Pardoe, D.D.S ; 128 From a Soldier 177 From a Soldier’s Mother — Mrs. D. H. Uhlhorn 32 From German Soil 226 From Prize Winners of Forest & Stream Fishing Contest 351, 478 From Southern Oregon — E. V. Carter 291 Game Fish and Others — R. L. M 80 Give the Youngsters a Chance 174 Good Canoe Cover, A — W. F. Currie 289 Good Fish Story, A — W. H. Lovenjen.... 289 Green Head Mallard, The 224 Grouse in Michigan — E. Church 30 Hawks in Michigan — Chas. H. Cowles 481 Help Feed the Quail 227 Henry’s Lake Today — T. R. Kelly 610 Hints on Fishing 226 How I Fooled the Big Bass — H. A. Dris- cole 414 Humble Frog, The 176 Hummers as Fly Catchers — Geo. Gilbert... 289 Indian’s Fishing Rights, The — R. A. Laird 417 Information, Please — H. E. Bindley 31 Jack Rabbits for Hunting 226 Knotless Gut Leader, The — J. H. Howell.. 289 Lead Poisoning in Waterfowl — Old Gunner 609 Length of Gun Barrels, The — Joseph Lang & Son, Ltd 480 Length of Gun Barrels, The — Chas. F. Schafer 480 Lookout’s Water Tank, The — C. H. Foster. 128 Long Lost Friend, A — Allyn H. Tedmoti.. 33 Long and Short Barrels Again — F. I. Fenn 545 Lost! One Perfectly Good Bass — Arthur T. Bond 664 Lynx in the Adirondacks — John D. Whish. 363 Many Want to Hunt in Mexico — Leon A. Carruth 417 Meaning of Game, The — Geo. Parker Hol- den 81 Missouri Goose Hunt, A — J. E. Mudd.^... 544 More About Game Fish 224 Nature’s Requiem — Edward Wilbur 79 Nipigon Trophy, The — R. Creelman 33 Novel Way to Fish, A 177 Old Staten Island Days 174 On Cooking Waterfowl 176 On Trapping — E. A. Brown 663 Oregon Trails — Ashley L. Houghton 126 Passenger Pigeon Again, The — Geo. Row- land 351 Passing of “Tillie,” The— Sidney P. Rob- ertson 79 Philbrick Gile 225 Preserve of the Pronghorn, A — Wm. Fran- cis Hooker : 7g Rabbit Again, The — Alfred C. Weed 662 Page Rabbit’s Signal Code 127 Rabbit Skin Blanvet, A — “An Old Friend” 127 Rainbow Chaser, A — H. M. Easton 129 Responsive Solitude, A — Frank L. Stillman 288 Retrospect and Prospect — Rev. James A. Fraser : 128 Salt Water Fishing 478 Save the Quail — ^J. E. Way 481 Saving the CSbne Birds — Chas. Sherwood 120 Shades of the Departed 175 Shaping Arrow Heads — Hal Hudspeth 352 Shot Gun Accuracy — Gaucho 352, 609 Shot Gun Accuracy — L. Mitchell Henry... 479 Silent Companion, A — F. T. W 30 Someone Answer This 227 Sporting Parson, The — G. C. T. Pelham.. 33 Sportsmen’s Headquarters 631 Tent Ground Cloth, The — James S. Cow- ley 417 Three Geese at One Shot — A. E. Wolf .... 290 Title of Sportsman — J. P. H 128 Trapping Cougars — S. S. R 127 Trapping Lions — R. J. L 127 Trapping Tips Wanted — C. E. Cherry... 33 Trout and a Few Kinks — Francis G. War- ner 288 True Occurence, A — H. N. Hamsher 544 Timing a Rattle-Snake’s Tail — Mabel C. Williams, Ph.D 415 Two Coyotes at One Shot — Louis A. Gi- naca 416 Two Kicks and a Holler 225 Unfamiliar Hunting Gro’unds — W. C. Whit- tington 81 Uncle Sam Fishing Contest 227 \'alue of Outdoor Books, The 80 Washington Trout Story, A 176 Watson, The Outlaw — M. B. Herlong 353 What Constitutes a Game Fish? — Leonard Hulit 81 What Is a Game Fish? — W. M. Menchel.. 80 What Is the Best Crow Rifle? — B. Wood- ruff 417 When an Eel Is Not a Sucker 224 Where the Striped Bass Spawn — A. C. House 481 Where to Get Menhaden Bait — G. Yost.... 545 Who Has a Bull Frog? — Mary Szpmanski 291 Who Owned This Pigeon? J. H. Carpen- ter 80 Who Wants to Hunt in Mexico? 225 Wild Fowl and Shellshock — E. J. Heath 417 Wild Otter in New York State — Geo. L. Brown 643 Wild Turkey Incident, A — C. A. Bennett 662 Wise Old Frog, A — Ira T. B. Smith 351 Woodcock’s Whistle, The — J. M. Dins- more 31 Woodland Tradegy, A — R. H. Rockwell... 545 KENNEL Airedale as a Hunter, The 144 English Setter Qub of America, The 143 Field Trials at Pinehurst — Rodney Ran- dom 221 Gone to the Dogs I — Jay Ripley 96 Gordon Setter, The 192 Lesson in Faithfulness, A — A1 A. Hutton.. 123 RIFLES AND RIFLEMEN Page How to Hold the Rifle on Game — F. E. Brimmer 455 Rifle for Crows, The — Capt. Roy S. Tin- ney T 418 Rifles of Our Forefathers, The — Lieut. Warren H. Miller, U.S.N.R 644 Short-Barreled Guns — W. A. B 292 Shot Gun Accuracy — L. Mitchell Henry... 232 Shot Gun Evolution — E. Newitt 354 Tyro’s Primer, The — Capt. Roy S. Tinney 34, 82, 130, 178 MISCELLANEOUS African Exploration — ^John P. Holman 482 Amendments to Bird Treaty Act 46 An Old Friend — Henry Bannon....- 244 Bard of The Kuskokwim, The — John P. Holman 171 Bird Migration Under the Stars — Wilmot Townsend 465 Book of Adventures, A 41 Catching Bull Frogs — James Milton Bennett 486 Caw! Cawl Caw! — The National Crow Shoot of 1919 67 Clearing Up Stream Pollution — Extracts From an Address by the Hon. Geo. D. Pratt .' 399 Concerning Accidents — J. G. Brown 511 Death of a Canadian Sportsman (Henry Bishop) 190 Dick Rock’s Zoo at Henry’s Lake — Henry Bannon 460 Forest Service Helps, The 48 James Alexander Henshall, an .Autobiog- raphy..210, 276, 338, 402, 466, 530, 600, 652 How Pomp Saved Our Christmas — Edward Wilbur 639 How to Find the North — ^J. W. Stolle 548 Hunting Companions, an Appreciation — ■ William Barber Haynes 12 In the Footsteps of Nessmuk — Lieut. War- ren H. Miller, U.S.N.R 273 It Pays to Trap 42 Men of Temagami, The — R. J. Fraser 216 Night Shining Amid Florida Swamps — Thomas Travis, Chaplain A.E.F 9 Old Drum-Major of Mt. Rat, The — Edward Russell Wilbur 523 Old-Time Reliable “Sharpie,” The — P. P. Avery, M.E 335 Reminiscence of Roosevelt, A — Edward Gillette 524 Roosevelt as a Student of Birds — John M. Parker 605 Some Aspects of Stream Pollution — Dr. Chas. H. Townsend 464 Sportsman Buyer, The — E. R. Wilbur 230 E. D. Stearns 309 Trapping in Southern Pennsylvania — T. MacThraite 641 Trapshooting Review 308 Three Types of Crippled Birds — J. Arthur Dunn 639 Unlawful to Kill These Birds 45 When and How to Use Baits in Trapping.. 18 PUBLISHED CONTINUOUSLY SINCE 1873 THE FIRST OUTDOOR JOURNAL PUBLISHED IN AMERICA FOUNDERS OF THE AUDUBON SOCIETY r’ublishcf Munthly. Siili^cripiiim Rales: L'niipd States, S_;.0o a year: f'aniuta. $a.f» a year; Foreif'n Countries, S300 a year. Single Copie^. _>o cents. Entered in New York Post OITice a.s Second Class Mail Matter. ,• CONTENTS FOR JANUARY, PAGE On the Trail of the Club Foot Bear 3 By John B. Grijin Hunting the Wild Pig in Arizona 7 By J. G. Bro-iun Night Shining Amid Florida Swamps ; 9 By Thomas Travis, Chaf^lain V. S. A. Hunting Companions — An Ap- preciation 12 By H'illiam Haynes Barber A Holiday Hunt For a Turkey Dinner 13 By Osceola The Gulf Rangers — Part Three, “Up Lossman’s River” 14 By ir. Liz’ingston Lamed When and How to Use Baits For Trapping 18 By George J. Thiessen igiQ page Duck Shooting on the Mexican Border 19 By Lientenant-Colonel John A. Considine The First Requisite of the Angler 20 By Leonard Hulit Fishing by the Friendly Fireside 22 By Virginius Editorial Comment 24 At Home with the Blue-Eyed Shags ■ 26 By R. C. M. Notes on Shore Birds — V 27 By J. T. N. Nessmuk’s Campfire 28 * Letters, Questions AND Answers. . SO The, Tyro’s Primer — Part Thrll. S4 By Captain Roy S. Tinne_, It Pays to Trap 42 Amendments to Bird Treaty Act 46 Entered as second-class matter, January 21, 1915, at the post office at New York, N. Y., under the Act of March 3. 1879. I GOVERNING BOARD C. E. AKELEV. Museum of Natural History, New York, N. Y. FRANK S. DAGGETT. Museum of Science. Los Angeles. Cal. EDMUND HELLER, Smithsonian Inst., Washington, D. C. C. HART MERRIAM, Biological Survey, Washington, D. C. WILFRED OSGOOD. Field Museum, Chicago, 111. JOHN M. PHILLIPS, Pittsburgh. Pa. CHARLES SHELDON, Washington, D. C. GEORGE SHIRAS. Ill, Washington, D. C. GEORGE BIRD GRINNELL. New York, N. Y. The Forest and Stream Publishing C Nine East Fortieth Street, New York City FOR ! •: S T A \ 1) S T R i : A M January, 1919 THE HORTON MANUFACTURING CO. 84 Horton Street Bristol, Conn. Pacific Coast Branch ^ Phil B. Bekeart Co., 717 Market St,, San Francisco, Cal. The Grand Old Sport FISHING is back — at the very head of the list. 1919 will iSteel Fishin^Rods greatest fishing year ever known. Millions of civil- ians, who have carried financial and managerial burdens of the war, will find relief and rest and new strength with Bristol Rods and Meek Reels in the great outdoors, in Pool and Stream and Lake and Bay. Hundreds of thousands of soldiers and sailors accustomed to being out of doors, but compelled to go back to their old indoor life, will take the first opportunity to get back into the open. How they will get out their Bristol Rods and Meek Reels and put them together, and see that they are all in perfect condition, and handle them with fond anticipation — impatient of the long delay before they can start on their trip. Bristol Steel Fishing Rods and Meek Reels have been of¥ to the war lOO per cent. American. Every part of the Horton factory was given over to war work gladly and willingly. Everything we had was at the service of the government. But now that the war is over, we are back on the pleasant work of building Bristol Rods and Meek Reels, which are cherished by so many millions of good Americans, because of the happy times which they have had and the renewed good health which they have acquired from the use of these perfect tools of the grand old sport of fishing. Buy them of your sporting goods dealer. If he doesn t have them, and doesn't seem anxious to get them for you, you can buy them by mail of us at catalogue prices. Write for illustrated Bristol and IMeek catalogue, mailed free. Meek and'Blue Grass’* Reels ON THE TRAIL OF THE CLUB FOOT BEAR A STORY OF BIG GAME IN THE CASCADE AND SISKIYOU RANGES WHEN ELK. DEER, BEAR AND BIG TIMBER WOLVES ROAMED THE FORESTS PRACTICALLY UNDISTURBED AS this is the first story I have writ- ten for Forest and Stream, I will just say for the benefit of the read- ers that these stories are written from actual experiences in hunting big game for over twenty years in the Cascade and Siskiyou Range, when elk, deer, bear, and big timber wolves were roaming the for- est practically undisturbed except by my- self and dogs. During half of this time I had with me Trailer, who was supposed to be, and no doubt was, one of the best bear and cougar dogs on earth. He often treed two cougar in one day, and three and four bear in a day, a feat that is seldom done by any dog, and this he often did alone, without a helper. These facts are well known by any amount of people in Southern Oregon. As it is claimed that a cougar will kill on an average of fifty deer a year, it will be easy to see that Trailer saved the lives of a great number of deer to say the least. I never allowed Trailer to run deer, only when wounded; and you can believe me when I tell you that whenever I drew blood, and sent Trailer after a deer, I was sure to get it. And when Trailer struck a bear or cougar track that was fresh it was nearly a sure shot that it would be climbing a tree in a short time. In those days I used to go on hunting trips of several days’ duration, taking '.long pack horses, and often had to dry or jerk the meat, as it would be too heavy to pack in fresh. Often I went alone, but at times I was accompanied by some friend who wished to take an outing. On the hunt that I intend telling you about in this story I had with me a man by the name of Templeton, who had never hunt- ed big game before, but who afterwards became quite a hunter and was with me on a number of occasions when we had to handle our Winchesters pretty lively. He was a very excitable man, as you will find out when you read this story. I will call him Temp for short as that is what I al- ways called him in those days. I had heard of an immense grizzly that was ranging in the region around Mt. By JOHN B. GRIFFIN Pitt. Occasionally it would take a stam- pede and get over in the Buck Lake coun- Ly and kill a few sheep and sometimes a cow, or a big steer, and then hike back to his old stamping-ground north of Four Mile Lake, and would not show up in that locality for quite a while again. The sheep belonged to a man named Reddick, who tried all kinds of plans to trap him, but the old scamp was too foxy to be trapped. He probably had been in a trap before, as he had a crippled foot and The old scamp was too foxy to be trapped made a peculiar track which gave him the name of the Club Foot Bear. I received a letter from Reddick offer- ing me one hundred dollars if I would come and kill the bear. At the time he wrote Old Club Foot had swooped down and killed a big four year old steer and he wanted me to come at once. So Temp and I started out one morning with our outfit of horses and dogs. Trailer and Ranger, and before noon the next day we landed at Reddick’s camp on Buck Lake prairie where the steer had been killed. That afternoon he went with us and showed us where the steer lay. The bear had not been there for a day or two; how- ever, we could follow his tracks and found he had gone north toward Black Butte. The trail led us through a big burn for three or four miles where it was easy to follow, but after a while we struck the timber and brush. Then it was all off, and w’e went back to camp. After holding a consultation with ReT dick, we came to the conclusion that he had gone back to his old range. So the next morning we packed up and struck out for Four Mile Lake, at the foot of old Mt. Pitt, and the hunt was on for the trail of the Club Foot Bear. Our route lay through a level timber country for several miles, as we avoided the high hills and swung in by Lake of the Woods, and that night made our camp on Grouse Creek, where the grass was high as a horse’s back and huckleberries grew by the bushel. The next day we laid oyer and took a scout out around the side of old Mt. Pitt, east of camp, but failed to find any sign of the Club Foot Bear. I told Temp that probably he was tak- ing it easy and it would be three or four days before he would get back to his old range probably. As there were lots of huckleberries on the hill east of camp, we concluded to give the bear a round-up for a few days, and then go on one and make another camp near where the old Club Foot ranged. So next morning we were off bright and early. I took Trailer with me, and took a route nearly northeast from camp, and Temp went nearly east, which would put him on the lower side of the hill from me, as we thought that would be the best thing to do in case Trailer should start a bear. The country was covered with open pine timber, with scattering brush all through it, and was an ideal place for deer. I had not gone more than two miles from camp when out jumped two big bucks within forty steps of me and bounded off through the timber. The Winchester came to my shoulder in double quick time, and catch- ing a bead behind the shoulder of the one •Contents Conyrisrht, 191S, by Forest and Stream Publishing Co. 4 FOREST AND STREAM January, 1919 that was in the lead, I pumped away and had the satisfaction of seeing him spring high in the air, run a few yards and fall. This disconcerted the other one, and after running a short distance he stopped to look back. This was easy, as it was only about seventy-five yards. I caught the bead and fired, and down he went with a bullet a little high behind the shoulder. One was a sixpronged buck and the other nine on one and ten on the other. I dressed them, hung them up as best I could and started on and had gone no more than half a mile when Trailer struck a bear track that was fresh, and away he went, yelping at every jump. I followed slowly along, thinking perhaps he would overtake and tree it near where Temp was, as it went in that direction. I COULD hear him going, going, for quite a while, and finally he passed over a ridge and out of hearing. I stood still and listened a while, and then started on down in that direction. All of a sudden I heard him again, this time coming back towards me. I got up on a log now and waited. I could hear him coming nearer, nearer, all the time, and in a minute I saw the bear coming just as straight as a line right to me. When he got up to within one hundred yards. Trailer had got near enough so that he was in sight of him. Now he quit bark- ing and came on like the wind to overtake him. It was a pretty sight to see them come. The big black fellow lumbering along straight to his doom, as he was close enough now so that I could fill him full of bullets before it would be possible for him to get away especially with a dog behind him that had never failed to get his game, and was gaining on him at every jump. On he came and as he gotl closer I held my gun on him ready to pull the trigger if he ever made a turn. But he did not know that I was there and just as he got up and was pausing within ten steps of me Trailer overtook him, and, making a lunge, caught him by the ham and give him a yank. Around he went, and struck viciously at Trailer, but the dog let go and got out of the way. The bear turned to go, and Trailer came full tilt to get him again. Just then I fired and he sunk right down in his tracks. Trailer was coming so fast that he lit on top of the bear’s back, and grab- bing hold, commenced to shake at him, but old Buin was done for and the scrap was over. But another was coming which I little dreamed of when I was dressing this bear, which did not take long. I picked up my gun and started down the slope , thinking that perhaps I would run across Temp down in that direction. In this I was not mistaken, for I had not gone more than a mile when, bang, went a gun off to my right. I threw up the horn which I always carried and gave it a toot, and I heard Temp hollering for me to come. I sent Trailer and followed up as fast as I could, and when I got there I found Trailer and Temp at the foot of a big fir; upon looking up the tree I saw two cub bears, one about half way up, and the other away near the top. He told me that he had shot at the old one and missed, and she had run off leaving the cubs. I asked him what kind of a bear it was, and he said she was a big brown one. He was awfully excited and was in for shooting them out without any ceremony; but I cautioned him not to be in a hurry, for I knew that in his present excitement he couldn’t hit a barn door, lo he waited a while but finally got so eager to shoot that I told him to go ahead. But I warned him — “Let me tell you something. Temp. If you make a bad shot on them cubs and cause one of them to squall we will have a fight on our hands just as sure. For the old one will come just as sure as she hears.” He said he didn’t care; he w'anted to kill them. He had never killed a bear in his life. “All right,” I said. “Go to it.” He pulled up to shoot, and I saw he was shaking like a leaf, so I said, “Hold on. Temp. Wait until you get over that.’' But he paid no attention and bang, went his gun, and the cub commenced to squall. I called to him to look out, and/ ran over to a tree about thirty steps away, and stopped with my gun ready. We did not have long to wait, for she came sure enough, and like a cyclone. Trailer met her just as she dashed into the opening, straight for Temp. She passed the dog, but he was too quick for her, and sprang at her, seized her by the ham, swinging her clear around, and let go to get out of her way. Just then I shot, striking her in the shoulder, breaking it. By this time Temp had got turned around and got his gun into action, putting a bullet through her body. Trailer kept working on her hams, and we kept pouring the bullets into her until she rolled over. Temp now had only four cartridges left, and com- menced to shoot at the cubs, but missed every time. I was going to shoot them out then, but he begged me to let him have my gun, as he had never killed a bear. So I gave him my gun, and after shooting eight times he brought them down at last and was happy. We now had four bear and two bucks on our hands, so we had a job of packing in the next morning. During this time As he strides through his native woods. Bruin’s leisuerely. lumbering gait is not without a certain regal dignity JANUAKY, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 5 Temp killed a five point buck and it took all that day to get them in and skin them and two days more to get the meat jerked so we could handle it. Then we sacked it and hung it in trees where it would be safe until we came back, for we were on the trail of the Club Foot Bear, and were bound to give him a round before we quit. WE broke camp the next morning and landed, at Four Mile Lake at noon. There we met with two hunters who told us they had just come through from the head of Red Blanket and had seen elk signs near Summit Springs as they came along, but being short on provisions, they did not stop to hunt them up. This set Temp wild as he had never seen an elk, and as this was in the vicinity of where the Club Foot Bear ranged, it was just what we were looking for. So after dinner we set out, and after traveling a few hours we came to a nice place where the grass was high as the backs of our horses, and nice run- ning water; an ideal place to camp, under a large spreading maple tree. We spent the balance of the day fixing up the camp, as we did not know how long we would be there; for we were in a country where big game abounded, and where seldom a white man had ever trod. So we in- tended to make the most of it while we were there. I told Temp we would start out in the morning and go in diiferent directions to size up the country and get an idea of how the ground lay; for it might be of great benefit to us in case we had to fol- low a bear that would not climb. So next morning I struck out through the timber in a northwest direction and Temp bore off about north or northeast. I hiked along through a level timbered country for perhaps two miles, when sud- denly I came to a small prairie of per- haps four or five acres, and on the oppo- site side the hills showed up and the tim- ber was scattering, with thick patches of buck horn brush. I had seen a number of deer tracks as I came along, but had seen no game that was worth shooting at, so I made up my mind that I would go across the prairie and take up the mountain on the other side. So I started out and as soon as I got in the open ground I began to see elk tracks. Before I got to the other side of the opening I saw great holes pawed out where they had been ly- ing and big trails leading out into the timber. I followed one of these trails for about two hundred yards, when all at once I saw where a big band of elk had come in to the trail and gone on up the hill. It was no trouble to follow them, so I hurried on after them, feeling sure they were making for some high ground on ac- count of flies, which were very bad in the open prairie. I could tell by the tracks that they were taking it easy, as now and then they would nearly all be out of the trail feeding on browse; but it would not be long until they were back in the trail, and going again. Finally the trail led me out of the timber on to a ridge that was covered with low buckhorn brush. I followed up this ridge for probably a mile, then they turned down around the side of the hill and crossed a deep gulch and on over the next ridge. As I ap- proached the top I was very cautious, and stood and looked a long time, but there was not an elk anywhere t" be seen. There stood an immense bull elk I NOW went on across this gulch and climbed up to the top of the next ridge. Here they had scattered around some and worked along up the ridge for a short distance and turned down again. In front of me the brush was high so I could not see across on the opposite side, so I kept on up for sixty or seventy-five yards to where the short buck brush was, and, upon looking over, there on the op- posite side just above the edge the thick brush stood an immense bull elk, not over one hundred yards from where I stood, and not another elk in sight. Say, believe me, that was a sight that made my heart leap for joy, for in those days I was a dead shot and did not have a thought that he could get away. He held his head straight up with his big horns back astride of his shoulders, and they were big ones too. If you will be- lieve me, there were seven on one and eight on the other. I thought to myself, as I thought a great many times when my dogs were fighting a bear, how many there were who would give a thousand dollars to stand where I stood and have the chance that I did to kill that elk — it would have been worth the money. It was a big mark, but I drew my bead carefully behind the shoulder and pulled. At the crack of the gun he lunged for- ward. The Winchester cracked again and another bullet went crashing through him ; but it was not really necessary. The first had done its work, passing square through the butt of the heart, and he reeled and fell, never to rise again. But down below the brush was thrashing and crashing, and the whole band was tearing down the canyon toward the tim- ber at a tremendous rate. I ran down a few yards and got sight of one of the hind ones, and bringing the gun to my shoulder I caught a bead and fired. The elk was out of sight in little or no time, but when I went down I found blood. I followed up and after a while it left the bunch and took off to itself, and I concluded to go back and take care of the one I had. It was a big job to take his entrails out and get him in shape, but I got through with in due time and start- ed to camp. It was a long hike and the sun was down before I got half way. I was hurrying to get to camp when I suddenly heard the long lonesome howl of a big gray wolf. I listened a minute and not hearing an answering howl I hurried on again. In a few minutes I heard him again and far back. I was sure now that he was following me, as my shoes had gotten bloody from the elk. I began to study what to do, for I knew if he followed along like that others might fall in, and it would place me in a dangerous position, as the only chance would be to climb. I was thinking fast as I hiked along when I happened to look out to one side and saw a large tree that had fallen, and the point lay the way I was going. I hurried and went a little past the top, then ran back and walked back to the butt of the tree, which lay high off from the grounded and waited. I looked to see that the cartridges were in the barrel and, dropping the muzzle of the gun, I stood ready with my thumb on the lock and my finger on the trigger. I did not have to wait long for he soon came in sight, a long, lanky fellow, trot- ting slowly along, and every few yards would stop and stick his nose in the air and give a long mournful howl, then he would listen, but no answer came. I was listening too. Then on he would come. I could have shot him, but did not want to take any chances on missing him, for he had to pass in thirty steps if he stuck to my tracks. Closer and closer he came, and when within fifty yards I could hard- ly resist the temptation to shoot, but smothered it and waited. Now he was in forty yards and stopped. He did not howl this time, but stood a few seconds and listened, then came on. Just as he got opposite me he stopped and sitting back on his haunches gave one of the most dis- mal, hair-raising howls I believe I ever heard. While his nose was in the air I brought the gun up and drew a fine bead on his head; and just as he started up, while the sound was still reverberating through the woods, I pressed the trigger. The bullet caught him just at the butt of of the ear and over he went with feet straight in the air for a few seconds, then commenced to kick around lively for a while and straightened out dead. 6 F O R E S T AND S T REAM January, 1919 A western bear hunt seen through the eyes of an Oriental artist — note the faithfulness of minute detail I WE NT over and took a look at him, and lit out for camp, arriving a little bit after dark, tired and hungry. Temp had been there quite a while and had sup- per ready, but was very much excited. He had run across the track of the Club Foot Bear and was so eager to tell me all about it that did not think to ask me if I had killed anything. So while we ate he told me how he had been traveling through the woods and came to a prairie covered with high grass, and near the middle he ran onto a spring or hole of water, and there had been a bear there only a short time before, as the water was still muddy. When he went on out he left a trail of water and mud for a short distance, and then Temp could see his track plain, and it was sure enough the track of old Club Foot. Right there and then Temp turned back as he had no desire to come in contact with a grizzly, for he had heard they were ferocious beasts and would fight at the drop of a hat. I told him this was a fact as I had tried them, but that is another story. He was right in for starting out the next morning. But I told him we couldn’t do that as I had another Job on hand. He wanted to know what it was, and was as- tonished when I told him about killing the elk and wolf and wounding another elk. I told him we would take the horses and dogs and go to where the big buck was, and leave the horses and take the track of the wounded elk and follow it up. This suited Temp fine, for he stood as good a chance to get a shot in as I did. In the morning we saddled up, taking five head of horses and arrived about nine o’clock where the big elk lay. We tied our horses up and took up the trail of the elk. When the dogs smelled the blood they were eager to go, but I wasn’t ready yet. I had Temp put a string on Ranger and keep him back, then I let Trailer slow track the elk for a long way across gulches and over ridges and finally we came to where he had been lying down, but was up and gone. We followed to the top of a ridge and upon looking down discovered that the gulch was very brushy, so I decided to let the dogs go ; but before I did so I sent Temp back down the ridge with orders to shoot like the dickens if it came his way. I waited so as to give him plenty of time to get there, then I slipped the rope off Ranger’s neck and told them to go. And away they went down into the head of the gulch, and I heard the brush begin to crash, and away went the elk down the mountain side, and both dogs right after it, yelping at every jump. Temp heard them coming and was on the alert. He did not have long to wait as the elk soon came by on the opposite side of the gulch, and old Temp began to string bullets after it, and as luck would have it hit it once so that the dogs soon overtook it and then the fight commenced. I ran down the hill as fast as I could and overtaking Temp we hurried on down and soon came in sight. And such a sight! To see two of the finest trained bear dogs, almost, on earth, fighting a wounded elk. It was simply wonderful the way those dogs would get around and seize it by the ham, and get out of the way of its hoofs. I will not try to describe it, but will say that after we had stood and watched them quite a while I told Temp to watch his chance and put a bullet behind its shoulder and end it, which he did, and the fight was over. I sent Temp back after the horses while I skinned it and got it ready to pack. It was only a two year old and we packed it on two horses. When we got to the other one it took us quite a while to get it ready, but we finally got loaded and racked out for camp. We did not bother about the wolf and arrived at camp just about dark, hungry as wolves, and happy as clams. Temp wanted to start right out the next morning after old Club Foot, but I said, “No, we are going to cut this meat up and salt? it tomorrow and let the dogs rest up, and the next day we will go.” I told Temp if he thought we were going to have a picnic when the dogs got after old Club Foot he was bad- ly mistaken, as I was sure he would put up a great fight and we would have to get a good ready on. Well, we stayed in camp all next day. Got the meat all January, 1919 FOREST AND S T R E A ~Sl 7 cut up and salted, and the next morning filled the Winchesters with cartridges, our pack sacks with grub and were off. It took about an hour to get to the prai- rie where Temp had seen the sign and upon going out to the wallow we found he Had been back. Trailer and Ranger took up the scent and were off pell mell after him, and the chase was on; out across the prairie and up the hill on the other side and over the hill and out of hearing. We hiked out for high ground, and when we got up on top we could hear them away down below us, and we could tell by the sound of their voices that they had overtaken him, and the fight was raging fast and furious. I told Temp to go straight down the ridge until he got entirely below them and wait. Temp lit out on a run, and after waiting a while I struck out and in probably twen- ty minutes I was close enough to shoot, but could not see them on account of brush. I kept moving up closer and closer when all at once I heard old Club Foot go crashing through the brush down the hill toward the creek. I ran now as fast as I could in hopes of getting to see them as they went up the hill on the op- posite side, and sure enough up he came after stopping at the water a few min- utes, with both dogs going after him sav- agely. First one w'ould catch him by the ham, but as he swung round to deliver a blow the dog would let go and get out of the way, and the other dog would do the same. Now was the time for me to get in my work, and the Winchester be- gan to crack. Once, twice, three times, down he went, and the dogs piled in on him. But he was up in no time and scat- tered them right and left. Just then I heard Temp’s gun begin to crack and down the hill came bear, dogs and all, straight toward me. I began to pour the lead into him, as it was evident now that he was going to try to get to me. I called to Temp to give it to him, and as he was above him he could do good exe- cution. But down in the creek he came, and as he climbed the bank I commenced to put bullets into his breast, and he rolled back and began to chew the bushes, and soon rolled over dead. Temp was literally wild with delight and hugged first one dog and then the other, declaring over and over that they were the best on earth. All we could do now was to take the hide and head of the bear, which we proceeded to do, leaving the feet on the hide to show that it was really the Club Foot Bear. This wound up our hunt, and I will say to the reader if you wish to see some of the teeth out of the mouth of old Club Foot, and also the horns of the elk, come to my house near Kerby in Southern Ore- gon, and I will show them to you. HUNTING THE WILD PIG IN ARIZONA SO GREAT IS THE SPORT OF ITS PURSUIT THAT THE AMERICAN PECCARY OR WILD PIG SHOULD HAVE LEGAL PROTECTION AS A GAME ANIMAL By J. G. BROWN HOW good it feels after a week at the desk to don khaki, shoulder the old rifle, shake off all cares and worries, and trudge over mesa and foothill where both animal and plant life are alike untamed! What a bless- ing to have game to hunt! And how little is the blessing appreciated ! These thoughts and many more surged through the mind of the writer as he traveled swiftly over a mountain road early one morning recently on the way to a pig hunt. The January air was crisp and exhilarating, the road smooth, the ma- chine running like a clock, and every- thing conducive to high spirits. In front the mountains loomed indistinctly through the purple morning haze; in the rear the sun, although not yet risen, tinged the very crests of the ranges with a golden halo. Out of the town a short distance a Mexican wood hauler was just breaking camp by the roadside. The coals were still glowing where he had boiled his coffee before harnessing his patient little team of burros. Farther on, the machine passed two blanketed Indians jogging along in a dilapidated buggy drawn by a more dilapidated horse, the brave sitting “humped up” on the seat and his squaw crouching di- rectly behind him in the bed of the rig. Rabbits, both jack and cottontail, hop- ped across the road from the foothills on the left toward the valley on the fight, on their way for a morning sip at the creek and a sly feed in some far- mer’s barley field. Still farther on a bevy of quail ran swiftly in the same direction. Before we realized it we passed Nine- Mile Water Hole and entered the pass in the Tucson Mountains. A sharp turn to the north, a half mile over the dry bed of the Santa Cruz, a short ride through barley fields just turning green, and we were on the mesa road leading to our destination. Burro Canyon in the Tortillita Mountains. The road over which we traveled was crossed by numerous sandy washes where the machine cut down and then stopped, necessitating a little shoulder work on the part of the hunters, until the driver bethought himself of the skid chains, when things went along smoother. How an eastern hunter would have enjoyed that road through giant cactus and mes- quite and palo verde parks, with rabbits and quail scurrying to cover, and oc- casional long-tailed road runners speed- ing across the way! Vander got in some revolver practise, but did little more than scare the jackrabbits into rigid immobility, or into wild, cavorting leaps. Five miles of this country brought the party into the foot hills. Here the chollas cactus plants with sil- very, glistening, densely-clustered spines formed small, dwarf-forestlike patches in the more level spots; mesquite and palo verde became more frequent and larger in the arroyos, and the giant cac- tus extended out over the foot hills. ONCE during the conversation one of the men noticed a movement behind a clump of brush that was so unlike that of rabbits or young cattle or any of the other foothill life, that he remarked its occurrence; but he had just caught the movement out of the tail of his eye, nothing more was seen, and it was soon forgotten. Shortly afterward the road dropped down into a broad wash and the party realized that the Canyon was not far away. The wash was like the dry bed of a river with banks five or six feet high. Here and there were large, green-trunked palo verde trees growing in the moist soil of the wash, whose banks were lined with a dense patchy growth of cat’s claw, mesquite, and prickly pear. Suddenly at a dis- tance of fifteen or twenty rods ahead a grayish-black object crossed the wash at a lumbering gallop, followed by an- other, and still another. Commotion reigned in the car. Wade, who was sit- ting with Rob in the front seat, was steadying a large canteen of water be- tween his feet, and now his feet were entangled in the carrying strap delaying both men in their endeavors to get out. Vander, dressed in. a long overcoat, was riding with his feet underneath a good- sized box of “grub,” while the writer, likewise apparelled, was held down by a suitcase containing a field camera and some canned goods. In the general scramble Wade reached terra firma first and got one shot as the last pig, number seven, crossed the wash and disappeared with the rest of the herd in the brush. The machine was now abandoned and the hunt began, but the herd had disap- peared as completely as if the earth had swallowed it up. The tracks could be followed for a short distance, but they finally became indistinguishable in a maze of burro and cattle tracks. So the party returned to the machine to recover breath, eat lunch, and make plans for the remainder of the day. After lunch, which by the way, was rather abbreviated, Vander and Wade took the east side of the wash and proceeded away from the mountains in the direction from which we had approached, for we believed that the movement seen in the bushes before the wash was reached on the way out had been made by pigs that belonged to the same herd. Rob and the writer 8 FOREST AND STREAM January, 1919 took the west side of the wash with the hope of starting the vanished herd. In attempting to follow the tracks the lat- ter became separated after circling to- ward the mountains, and the writer de- cided that Rob, and probably the other men also, were by this time tramping up the canyon ; therefore he hurried along about fifty feet above the canyon bed on its sloping wall. A herd of wild burros that had been watching his move- ments from a distance and listening in- tently with long ears erect, scampered precipitately down into the wash fol- lowed by an avalanche of rock and gravel. None of the party was in sight and he thought that the chances of get- ting a shot at a pig were slim, for the others would alarm any game that hap- pened to be ahead. Suddenly a shot rang out a half mile ahead, apparently just around a curve in the canyon. This confirmed the writer’s fears. However he determined to keep a sharp lookout, and accordingly mounted a high rock nearby. Shortly after the third shot broke the quiet an object with that telltale lumbering gallop came into sight far in the distance, backed into a clump of bushes, and turned its head in the direction of the alarming sound exactly like a barnyard hog. Adjusting* the sights carefully the writer let go at the tusker. With the report of the rifle the pig bounded forward and galloped wildly out of sight. Although there were small hopes of seeing the brute again a fresh cartridge was pumped into the chamber ready for a second shot if he should enter an open space between the clumps of cat’s claw. After a few seconds the pig reappeared as suddenly as he had dis- appeared, this time about two hundred yards distant. Just on the bank of a narrow wash he paused, and the writer blazed away again for a spot just back of the pig’s head. The instant the rifle cracked the pig lunged forward into an impenetrable thicket of thornbush con- taining heaps of driftwood carried down by freshets, and much to the disappoint- ment of the hunter, failed to emerge. One of the most disturbing things that can happen to the writer is to have rea- son to think that an animal has been wounded and left, but although an hour was spent in search the boar was not to be located. In the meantime excited shouts farther up the canyon told of bagged game. Some one shouted “Two pigs: a young sow and a yearling boar.” “Who got them?” “Wade.” “Might have known,” was the comment. “The greenest hunter always has the luck.” But the comments were in fun. A part of the hunter’s task remained however, that was any- thing but fun, for two of the party especially. The game must be dressed and carried into camp. Now the Amer- ican wild pig is really a peccary, and you realize the difference at once when you begin dressing operations. As one of the party remarked, a peccary seems to be second cousin to a skunk until the scent bag is removed. This interest- ing piece of anatomy is located on the back about a fourth of the distance from rump to head. It is about three or four inches long, oval in outline, and has an aperture near the center in the end of a small, wart-like elevation. The bag is removed easily by cutting the hide around it, and until this is done the strain on the olfactory nerves of the operator is certainly anything but mild. While the writer attended to the yearling Wade attacked the young pig. Much to the amusement of the party he had quietly plugged his nostrils with some cotton, and protected in this way he proceeded to remove scent bag and entrails. Thus lightened, the game was hung on a palo verde pole and carried slowly into camp by two of the men, while the others hurried on ahead in or- der to have coffee ready. And maybe that coffee didn’t taste good! At supper Wade told how he had dis- covered the herd. He had become sep- arated from his hunting partner and had finally posted himself on a large rock. From this vantage point he saw the herd down below him rooting up something in the valley below. The something proved to be the large brown roots of canaigre, a Rumex somewhat like the yellow dock of the north. His first shots had killed the young pig, but the boar was considerably harder to get. IN conclusion it may be said that the wild pig or peccary of Arizona, New Mexico and Texas ranges southward into Central America. Its color is dark grey with a lighter, band-like streak over the shoulders. It is about three feet long. An interesting deviation from pig characteristics is the birth of but two young to a litter. Books state that the collared peccary seldom lives in herds, but hunters tell of seeing a hundred or more together in the mountains of north- ern Mexico. When cornered, or when one of the herd is wounded, the peccary be- comes dangerous. Many stories are told of fatal attacks on hunters, and quite recently in the region visited on the hunt just described a drove treed a hunter and kept him aloft until he decimated its numbers with his magazine rifle. Dur- ing the winter and early spring the pec- cary is to be found in washes in the foot- hills where it finds an abundance of canaigre and other roots ; during the re- mainder of the year its habitat is at a higher elevation. The flesh of young pec- cary is much like veal. In the judgment of the writer this animal should be pro- tected throughout that part of its range which lies within the United States by a closed season during its breeding time and a limit to the number that may be killed in one season. The wild pigs were slung on a palo verde pole and carried slowly into camp, where the camera was brought into play Januaky, 1919 FOREST A X D S T R E A :\I 9 NIGHT SHINING AMID FLORIDA SWAMPS MOLLY COTTONTAIL LIGHTS UP WONDERFULLY AT DUSK AND COONS BECOME BELLIGERANT. BUT THE WISE OLD ’GATOR IS ONLY A PINK DIAMOND IN THE BEAM By THOMAS TRAVIS. CHAPLAIN, A. E. F. Vines and long streamers of moss hang from the palms IF you have ever ridden through a forest of giant fern and palms lit by the search-light of a quiet, purring machine that slid along a winding lonely road where the wild game lay revealed, you will at once feel what night shining in the Flor- ida wilderness is like. If you have not ever done this, then I despair of ever making you feel the amaz- ing beauty and joy and thrill of it. Recall a trip up the Hudson by moon- light, with the searchlights of the boat playing over forest-clad hills and shim- mering streams, picking up a quiet cottage here or a strolling couple there. Recall the halo of light boring with picturesque and mysterious beauty into the night-life, with the silent moths fluttering through the beam, or a skim- ming bird leaping startled as the glow smites him. Substitute for these more common objects, strange, fairy-like palms woven with vihes, long-leaved pines through which the light bores in a golden mist, strange flowers, gorgeous butter- flies, forests hanging thick-coated with orchids; and, instead of quiet houses and strolling couples, put into the scene brist- ling racoons, a sly possum, great ibis and buzzards, whooping cranes, or lurk- ing alligators, and you have some idea of what nightshining in Floridian for- ests and prairie is like. It took us some time to arrange, but at last we found an old hunter who had the necessary apparatus and the intimate knowledge of the country which night trips involve. Also, we started out mod- estly to shine rabbits first, till we had caught the trick. It was all new to us. But we soon had the knack, and with a carbide lamp fitting to the head like a miner’s lamp so that every move we made put the light just where we could see, started out, with instructions to look not for rabbits, but for little pink- ish-green eye-glints. WE set forth long before dusk, to get into the right ground by dark. And one of the prettiest sights I have ever seen was one right on the way we took. Along the log road ran a dry ditch, and here, not two hundred yards from the negro cabins of the “box chop- pers.” we came across a covey of some twenty-five quail, bunched, and running slowly along the ditch, for all the world like cunning browm broilers, picking grubs and flies as they went, till we were within fifteen feet of them, when they rose with a whirr and went skimming off to the palms in a grouping that would make any hunter’s eyes dance with de- light. We did not try to shoot them. Further along, and while it was still light, we came across a skunk, Lem stand- ing it in the sparse grass of a little clear- ing. It was interesting to watch the setter work Mr. Skunk, for his black and white nibs seemed in no way concerned about our nearness, or in any hurry to escape. He ambled along with the cock- sureness of a two-gun man who knows he is heavily armed and knows that you know it too. But when a shot from a twenty-two pistol went “bump,” just ahead of his nose, he gave one startled jump, and slid under a long pine log. Lem cocked his eye at us, to see if we really thought we wanted such a smelly beast, and when he saw we did, he got busy in a most businesslike way. No panic or yelping at all, and no excitement. First he ran to the end of the log, tilted a little, and peering under located from that direction just where pussy was. Then he made a short detour, and came tT the off side of the log. repeated his glance under, and jumped the log to our side. Then with one swift dip he sneaked Mr. Skunk out by the back of the neck, gave him one swift shake, and dropped him dazed a dozen feet away, where we quick- ly shot him between the eyes. It was all over in much less time than it takes to read this. And a more business-like ac- tion on the part of a dog I have rarely seen. There was not a single wasted move. And wise old Lem, the Florida Cracker, just did the trick — so. Just like that! Now I was telling this to an old skunk hunter up North here, and he asked if we got scented. I replied “No, net in the least.” “Well,” said he, “I have caught hundreds of skunks, man and boy, and I have caught them with traps, shot them, and never yet got a skunk without being more or less scented. I used to wear not a rag of my or- dinary clothes. I changed every stitch and had just one old suit to skunk in. And I never yet got a skunk without scenting.” Well, we got three of them, all three put up and stood by the pointers, and we never got scented at all. We did not even mind the skinning, which in two cases was done right away, and in the other, when we got home. We just skinned them, put the skin in a can with a tight lid, washed our hands in the ditch with sand for soap, and smelled nothing more than a faint skunk smell. “Um,” said the old chap, “I don’t un- derstand that at all. It may be the dogs standing them had something to do with it; or it may be a Florida skunk is differ- ent, or it may be your scent centers were paralyzed by the musk. For that some- times happens. But anyhow, I never got a skunk without considerable scenting.” Will some old veteran tell me his ex- perience? I say we got three and no particularly unpleasant scenting. I put one of them in a palm tree, intending to leave it there till I came back. But iir less than thirty seconds the buzzards were after it, and I had to drive them away to save the pelt. I could smell it plainly down wind at fifty yards. But neither the dogs nor the men were scented, and with one of the skunks, Robin Hood, the liver-and-white pointer, had a running scrap. Robin headed the s'lcunk from its hole. It raised its tail and rushed at him. Robin ran back, and as the skunk started again for its hole, the dog headed him off' again. And so on, give and take for five minutes, while I watched to see what would happen. Robin had never to my knowledge seen a skunk before, so it could not have been masterly handling like Lem’s that pre- vented him getting “His’n.” However, such are the facts, and I’d like an expla- nation from anybody who has one. SO, to the shining. For the dark drew on suddenly, and we lit the lamps. The stars were shining brilliantly up in a dark, blue tropic sky. The soft fragrance of orange blossoms spread on the warm, balmy air. And a low mist began to gather in the clearings. Where the lights shone on a palm grove, with 10 FOREST AND STREAM January, 1919 its trailing vines and carved boles hung with orchids, the sight was like some tropic opera scene. It would not have surprised us one bit to see a group of dancing fairies come swinging through the fronded avenues to the music of wild drums, and the trampling of elephants or tigers. Imagination runs wild in the midst of such romantic surroundings and the impossible becomes the expacted. As it was, however, the game was much more prosaic, we were to practice on rabbits in the early part of the night. And let me say right here, that though I am fairly familiar with Molly Cotton- tail, I never saw her quite so alluringly lit up as that night. In the first place those out of line of the beam could see nothing. Here and there sparkled tiny green lights like glow worms or fireflies. But always the guide, grunting, “Spi- ders,” passed on. Till at last he paused, — and pointed out a rabbit, — two pinkish green glimmers, that lay still and glowed. “Aim right between them,” said he, passing the twenty-two rifle. And in sheer faith I aimed and pulled. Up in the air bounded a rabbit, to fall again with a thump. The first shot chanced to be a success, as indeed all the rest were ; for rarely was the target more than fifteen feet away, though in some cases it was just a drifting shadow paus- ing for an instant e’er it melted among the palmettos and was lost to view in the darkness whence it came. After a few trials I found I could actually see the rabbit itself. Some- times head on, when the two eyes were visible, surrounded by a halo of soft fluff, as the light picked up Molly sitting there in the thin grass. Sometimes it was only one eye, with the shadow bunnie sitting back to us with its head turned to watch. Again, it was a lengthwise target, Molly stretched out like a cat, with her hind feet out straight behind her, ears cocked, and nose twitching as she calmly watched the light. At every shot of the rifle, it seemed as if Molly just sneezed violently, jammed her nose down, and bounced in the air, so swiftly did those little bullets do their work. So, seeking out the little meadows or clearings among pine and palm, where only dry buffalo grass grew sparsely, we worked our way to the edge of the forests, and the line of prairie. And always as we went, the twinkling eyes, Molly sitting in her form, or hopping like a shadow among the deserted orange groves. Soon we had enough for our needs, so after that it was sheer fun to see how close we could get before Molly jumped. Ofter we could get within five feet, but at the least noise, you saw a fleeting shadow of fluffy fur bounding away with magic silence, the white spot jumping and bobbing away across the clearings, as you unconsciously followed the course by the gleam of the headlight. Perhaps the lady rabbit thoroughly enjoyed her short career in the limelight. IT was at this time that the old trapper headed us for the “Coon” grounds. ^ Out on the prairie were little shallow swamps, most of them scarcely a foot deep at the worst, and many of them mere damp spots where frogs and other swamp creatures gathered. Also there was a peculiar land crab, different ffom our fiddler, because this was not salt water. They burrowed in the sand and cast up a ridge of white under-layer sand for all the world like a big worm cast on the golf course. And all about these ponds were regular paths filled with coon tracks. It was these ponds we circled, shining the lights through the sparse grass and , reeds ; and it was here we picked up our first ’coon. Also, let me say right here, ’coon shining is a different proposition from luring Molly Cottontail. Mr. Coon, even here in the wilds, is exceedingly all there. We would pick up a pair of eyes, and you could at once tell the difference by the color. The ’coon eyes were green, decidedly electric green, and were either farther apart or seemed so, than the bunny’s. Also, when you shined a ’coon it did not follow that you got the hide — not by a long shot. Just one glimpse, and then they faded out into nothingness — a faint splash, or quiet “Plop” in the mud as the case might be, and Mr. Coon was off and out of danger. The dogs work easily in the open clearings cut at least l got a good sight of one, sitting up there with a frog in his paws, sWabbing it around in the shallow water as though he were determined to wash its skin off. We could distinctly hear him before we shined him. And when the beam fell on him, he sat there in an atti- tude of mild curiosity and surprise, hold- ing on to his frog as though to ask why' we disturbed him at his supper. Also, this was too long a shot for a twenty- two in my hands, so I took the shotgun and swung on him just as he jumped. He was a medium-sized ’coon with the cunning face markings, but his tail was not so round and bushy as it seemed in the first flare of the beam. Several other eyes we picked up, under the low brush and palms, always in moist ground or on the edge of swamps. But this was not at all like rabbit shining. Mr. ’Coon seemed, for all Uncle Remus says, considerably more wide awake and on to his job than Br’er Rabbit. One in- stant we got the eyes, shining weirdly above the weeds, the next, absolute blank, with no sound or rustle to tell us where he had gone. It was surprising to a de- gree to experience this fact, that the ’coon could get away without any of us seeing more than a single good shine of his iridescent green eyes. At last we caught one fair and square in the open, on a sand spit at the edge of an irrigation ditch. And it chanced that some of us were on one side and some on the other. So Mr. ’Coon ran along the ditch and made for a clump of live oak and palms. After him we raced, as fast as one can over a rough prairie in the dark, and to his undoing he took to the trees. If there was no hole there in the massive live oaks, he was ours sure, for the clump did not cover more than a quarter acre, and we had excellent lights. Also, we had let the dogs loose the mo- ment he took to his legs. I WISH it were possible to put right here a colored photo of that scene. I can only ask you to imagine a grove of tall palms and live oaks, with clean sand for the ground, with tall vines stream- ing dowTi from the branches hung with orchids just coming to red bud. And the massive, gnarled oaks with long beards of Spanish moss waving in the cool breeze, and all of it lit by the search lights of, brilliant carbide. Picture the dogs leaping frantically at the bole of the tallest tree, whose top, stream- ing with moss beards, lifted itself far above the palms to the star spangled sky, and you have the scene — all except the ’coon. He was somewhere in that bearded giant top. But at last we located him, not far up either, but peering with queer, elflike face, and white fangs down on us from the crotch where a huge branch swept forth. In a moment the lights were all focused on him. But before we could get the guns to bear, he was January, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 11 Nothing is more fascinating than Southern woods where sunlight steals through off again, up farther, till as we followed him on with the beams of light we saw him, a furry ball, up in the high branches, with eyes shining green and his hair on end, or so it seemed. He was a long shot where he was, and a hard one. But the old trapper winged him with a twenty- two rifle shot, and down he came crash- ing through the branches, to make one flying leap out in the dark, where we heard him land among the big fans of a cabbage palm, with a rattle like a cow tramping through dry fodder. Now Robin Hood the pointer was hav- ing his first ’coon hunt, and evidently enjoying himself to the limit. He fairly screamed his delight in frantic barks and wild leaps up the tree trunk. He was sure to the tip of his tail that he wanted that ’coon till I shined the lights in the palm top at which Robin was barking. There was Mr. ’Coon, evidently not badly hurt either, and fighting mad; for far from trying to hide, he was coming down, snarling, almost spitting fury from his green eyes and bristling fur. And he came straight on down, till Robin gave one frightened gasp and ran. I never saw a dog change his mind so quickly, and, indeed, I didn’t blame him. I had always thought that ’coons were sort of sly, cunning, peaceful citizens till I saw this old he come down after the dog. Also I love my old pointer, and didn’t want him to tackle the beast. To tell the plain truth, I was scared some too; for he came right down on my side, and with no shadow of flinching, spitting fire from his green eyes, and looking huge in the carbide light. So I let go swiftly, one barrel after the other, with my shotgun, and Mr. ’Coon dropped dead. . . . Then I felt sorry to down a valiant soul like that by sheer brutal machinery. He ought to have had the privilege of dying like a warrior — in hot clinch with the dogs. I am convinced that he would have made Liberty steak of old Robin; still, there are some things a sportsman hates to do, and I just hated to shoot that spitting ball of sheer pluck. But when I examined his teeth, and his muscular body, and his heavy fur, I real- ized that he was an easy champion over an inexperienced pointer, scarcely beyond his pup’s age. I may add in explanation, that I have his hide now, and the old trapper declared it was the huskiest ’coon he had seen for many moons. After that, we didn’t have much luck. And as it was getting late, we decided to make for home. You will remember that I mentioned the mist that gathered over the clearings. Well, it was here on the prairie just about head high, and I had an interesting argument with the old trapper, who declared he knew exactly where we were, and not only that, but knew every stick and tree about there. It is always interesting to match instinct with a testing machine, and I happened to have two, right in front of me, my pocket compass, and the north star, “Which way is home?” I said. “Right there,” and the old trapper pointed northeast. “Which way do you think is home?” I asked of our other friend. “That way,” and he pointed due west. The old trapper scorned him. “Why, Boss,” he said, “I tell you I know every bit of ground and tree and ditch here for miles. I’ve walked over them from ‘kaint see’ to ‘kaint see,’ and many a time at dark.” “Well, now,” said I, “think out just where we ought to be, considering all our turnings and twistings, and tell me what direction by compass camp lies.” “Southwest,” came the answer. “And which way is southwest?” “Right there,” and the trapper still pointed northeast. Even when the compass was held in the carbide gleam he still insisted he was right. Positively he knew by feeling just where he was. “But there is the north star, and by that you are pointing northeast as the way home.” It made no difference, he clung to his statement. And I could not but agree with him so far as feeling was concerned. So we all sat down, smoked a pipe with our eyes shut, then got up and focussed on the north star, thus getting our sense of direction righted. And immediately, feeling agreed with star and compass, we went straight home. Again another il- lustration of the value of a compass in strange country. IT was almost midnight when we rolled, dead tired, into our bunks. But next night we were over the prairie again, this time eight miles away, on the banks of a small river running through an un- ending swamp. Far as the eye could close tree trunks over masses of flowers reach from the height of the log road trestle, swamp. And such swamp — cov- ered with growth and water hyacinth it looked solid. But Robin Hood found out it wasn’t, for jumping right off the bank into it, he plumped through the dense growth and out of sight in black water. After that he stayed on undoubtedly solid ground. As we stood there in the gathering dusk, bellowing like great frogs’ voices came to us. In fact I thought they were frogs, till an old settler asked me if I’d seen the ’gators. “No, not yet.” “Well, you hear them.” And then I realized that this froggy noise all around us was the sure enough bellowings of ’gators. It would seem that any man would be able to recognize an alligator when he saw it, wouldn’t it? Well, here is what happened to me. Right within sight of that trestle I waded into a shallow part of the swamp after some ducks. I downed one or two, and started in to retrieve them. Every once in a while as I stepped along in hip boots, a swirl like a giant bass makes, would go off right within a yard of me. And I mentally registered a purpose to come in here fishing. With my eye lifted for an instant from the dead duck, floating on the weeds, I turned back to it. It had gone. The same thing happened to the second one. And in two hundred yards of that slow tramp through the shallow swamp over a dozen such swirls went out from beneath my feet. It was only next day that I realized I had been unconsciously stepping among gar pike and 'gators. And here is how I found out. Cummings, the Veteran, and I were shooting duck in Indian Mound pond, a small lake right off this big swamp. And duck after duck, thus downed neatly, simply disappeared, with- out rhyme or visible reason. I was telling the camp boss about it, and he simply grunted, “ ’Gators.” Of course I was sceptical, but on my next trip to the pond I took particular notice. We downed two pair of ducks, and there they were floating crumpled on the surface. We retrieved the nearest one, and went on to the next in a slow- moving, heavy punt. The duck simply disappeared, and the third. Just as I came alongside of the fourth, the duck (continued on page 38) F O R E S T A \ D S T R E A M January, 1919 HUNTING COMPANIONS -AN APPRECIATION YOUR OLD HUNTING CHUMS ARE AN ASSET YOU SHOULD CHERISH AND IF THEY PASS OUT OF YOUR LIFE YOU WILL [NOT EASILY REPLACE THEM By WILLIAM BARBER HAYNES DIU yoii ever gO fisBliI'g or hunting with a new acquaintance and notice how dead the trip was conip'ared to one made with an old pal? Perhaps you didn’t know why the trip fell below pai*; Surely the new friend did his best to be agreeable. Now what the trip lacked was reminiscence, the golden memories, that arise when old pal goes with old pal. As the canoe swings around the point bf the island it is fine to say “Jim do you bemember that day, in the snow, when the bluebills decoyed like mad?” Jim smiles because he can’t help it and says, “Yes.” “Remember how near we were to losing the point blind.” “Just barely beat Matt to it after the wind swuing out of the south to the west and made it good.” Then for an hour you don’t need to catch anything, or kill any- thing, as the mind’s eye pictures the gray «day whisking a little spit of snow along the ice fringed marsh, when this thing befell you and Jim. There is the big bend of the channel that coils through our pet marsh. On rounding this point I would say to one companion, “I’d like to have a chance again, like we had here once on yellow- legs,” and Bennie would grin and say, “You mean the day you couldn’t shoot.” “The day I was leading them too far,” I would answer. “You know a jacksnipe lead on a yellowleg isn’t unhealthy for the big fellows. Anyway as I remember it, we ate yellowlegs a-plenty for supper.” To the curly headed chum I would deli- cately insinuate, that if a person would only lead a redhead just right, the big point blind would be a good place for high incomers. Whereas the curly headed one would again bid me rub it in, as I had only wiped his eyes that one time in ten years’ trying. To five different chums that one spot would inspire memories of triumphs through which it is good to live. All through our lakes there are spots that inspire these treasures from memory. Bright spots, that lay along the road like wheat within the chaff and just by way of showing that the rose is not without its thorn, there are places that remind you of how much of a fool a duck hunter can be sometimes. Three fellows I know, can remember how forty-two Canada geese fanned the air to rise over a fringe of oaks over our favorite bind when we, who know almost where they lit, had disposed ourselves elsewhere. Often I have imagined the sensation of having been there at this right place with the geese only eighty feet overhead. I always do well at this, never getting less than five in imagination. Thus you see that time heals all wounds, and who will aver that the rose is not worth th^' thorn? Which leads me to remark that your old hunting chums are an asset that you should cherish and if they pass out of your life you will never easily replace them. Congenial spirits are hard to find. The chances are that the people you \gould like to replace them with have old chums themselves that they prefer to go with because of these very associations that you were not a party to. So then you can listen to us three old chums talk, as I am broiling some snipe in the fireplace at the home camp. “Time was when you thought I was crazy to try and broil a bird in a fire place. Remember how you kicked, when I tried it the first time on a bluebill, over at the point shanty. Awful fat bluebill he was, and the only one we had, on one of those off days. So I picked him, and broiled him on a stick over the coals.” “ ‘Trying to spoil a duck,’ says you; ‘but I went right ahead.’ When I put them on the table I said, ‘Guess I’ve spoil him all right,’ but the smell of that roast duck spoke richly of what was in store for us and I remember it to this day.” That bluebill was cooked Maryland style, a bit raw as to the center, but we went on record that he was the best duck we had ever tasted. Many a duck we have roasted in the fireplace and in an open fire since then. “I like a duck that has lots of taste to him,” ruminated Pardner. .“Take a fat ruddy duck now, he has as much more taste than other ducks as a big fall mushroom, broiled in butter, has over these little white rubber plugs they Nothing cements friendship like camp life call mushrooms and serve on steaks.” “This thing of bearing game home in triumph is a large part of the fun of going hunting.” “It’s the natural thing to do. It’s just what a savage would do.” “Once I saw a boy with two nice mal- lards. Proudly he held his ducks, wait- ing for the train, and smeared on his clothes was the yellow mud marks that said that he had crawled far across a soft cornfield in the getting. “Several local hunters, less successful, awaited the train. I saw one of Akron’s rich men edge close to the boy and begin talking business. “Earnestly talked Mr. Rich Shooter. Earnestly the boy’s head shook its nega- tive answer. “On the train I asked the unsuccessful tempter, ‘Didn’t he want to sell them?’ “ ‘Naw, he didn’t. I even at the finish offered him a $10 bill for the pair and he wouldn’t play. Said he was going to take them home and eat them. No won- der people die in the poor house when they turn down easy money like that.’ “Mr. Moneybags had simply tried to thwart the natural law above outlined.” “Mr. mused pardner. “He’s that fat man, isn’t he? A fat man is usu- ally great on game and fish subsequent to its recrudescence on the table.” “To a sinewy type of man the pursuit is the thing. The chase and the playing of the game is the big item. ‘Wait a bit, we will get another chance,’ he says to the fat man, who responds, ‘Aw, let’s cut it out and ga back to the shanty and cook up a feed.’ “To the fat man the result is the main tent, but the sinewy, or raw boned type of man, will snatch a bite and return to the chase.” “Well, then,” said Pardner, “what sort of a fish course are you going to serve with that ruddy duck ‘and mushrooms?” Whereat my mind roamed the coasts of our country. Before it flitted mental pictures. “In Seattle I would call for rock cod ; in Boston I would suggest blue fish; on the upper Great Lakes the vote would run heavy to whitefish planked on birch slabs, while the epicure from the Gulf Coast would say ‘Pompano.’ “The Philadelphian, being used to the fundamental error in construction of Delaware shad, would insist on having it, bones and all. “But for me, having tasted them all, I pronounce a brook trout better than any; and there is only one better fish than a brook trout.” Whereat we all three in unison exclaimed “Bluegills.” Yes, bluegills. Not the big, brawny bluegills of the Great Lakes, or the over- grown brand from the larger lakes, but the bluegill from the little sweet-water lakes that twinkle in the sunshine among (CONTINUED ON PAGE 41) January, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 13 A HOLIDAY HUNT FOR A TURKEY DINNER INFRACTIONS OF TURKEY-HUNTING ETHICS ARE RARE EXCEPT AT CHRISTMAS TIME. WHEN A BIRD ON THE TABLE IS WORTH TWO AMONG THE TREE TOPS By OSCEOLA CHRISTMAS week was dull. Heavy rains had fallen for several days prior, making our flat woods very wet for tramping and we did not get out until the Saturday after Christ- mas. Even then we found the lower places in the road and much of the timbered river swamp afloat. About a week before Christmas we had been up the Wakulla river for a look at the birds and while we found some sign, the scratching was close down by the river and not very fresh and rather scarce. Maternal cares kept Fanny at home and Tom’s dog was not entirely dependable so he and I concluded to hunt together unattended. I drew on my long wading boots and Tom went in old shoes as his boots leaked badly. Crossing Boggy Branch we found the creek over bank and quite deep. To save a detour I packed Tom and the two guns across, but soon after he was so wet that I announced “toting” was too much of a luxury for him and he splashed along, often well up to his knees in water. Going in towards the river we separated, agree- ing to meet along a ridge a half-mile farther up. It was still dull, cloudy and foggy and I got astray and found myself close down by the river several times when I should have been much farther out in the woods. There was no glimpse of the sun and our southern woods are not dependable to steer a course by the moss. I found plenty of old sign but no show of recent visits from the big birds. The woods were unusually quiet; I saw one or two squirrels — a Phoebe swinging her tail derisively. A crow cawed away up in the woods and far down the river an occasional shot was heard, some one after ducks I judged. Along the river and in the low wet stretches the cypress trees hung in myri- ads of short brown tassels. Flowering in December seemed rather early but evi- dently the abundance of warm rain had started them. I could see no other evi- dence of fresh plant growth. 1 FINALLY managed to get out from the river although it seemed to re- quire quite an effort of will power to force myself from that section. While I knew perfectly well my general posi- tion, it seemed that the tendency was to keep in touch with a known landmark rather than risk wandering in a big river swamp and doubtless soon get entirely bewildered, as has frequently happened right where I was then hunting under similar weather conditions. Presently I struck the dry ridge and following it up soon heard Tom’s whistle and joined him. He had also found plenty of sign but nothing real fresh. We ate our lunch Tom had shot a fine big turkey hen and again separated to meet if either fired, or if no game was found then to come together higher up where a road makes in towards the river. I now went farther out from the river on somewhat higher ground and quickly found an abundance of fresh sign. Un- der some oaks the leaves were whirled and scattered as if by a rake and pal- metto berries were evidently being sought most eagerly. In one place I wondered if I had not scared off the birds but could find no tracks in the mud of a nearby slough and felt sure none had flown away at my approach. Within a half-hour of our separating I heard Tom’s gun and found he was not over 200 yards from me, right out towards the river. I heard no thud of a falling bird, and after waiting two or three minutes for any stray turkeys to fly or run my way and seeing none, I worked over towards Tom’s locality. Presently I heard him calling, perhaps 100 yards distant and quickly seeking shelter of a small cedar bush and two or three palmetto “fans” I laid low. Tom continued calling for a half hour at brief intervals and then I found he had moved on. I followed and after two more stops when he moved and called I overtook him and found he had shot a fine big turkey hen. He said he had been making his way easy and decided to try calling not really expecting any response, but as he too had found much real fresh sign he thought the birds might be near and he would get a response. His call bone proved choked and he stood up to hunt for another in his hip pocket when he saw a turkey fly down to the ground from a fallen tree-top about 75 yards distant. She must have had her back to him and may have heard his effort to call; at any rate, when he dropped to the ground and made a single call with the second bone she came around the tree-top in full view on a trot with head down and never stopped until he picked up his gun and dropped her at not over 30 yards. Of course I remonstrated at such unsportsman- like shooting, but Tom says he is too much of a “cracker” to wait for a bird to get up off the ground for when he hunts he wants the game. Now Tom is a fisherman all the year round and only hunts at odd times during the winter — at holiday times and between fishing trips — and a tur- key now and then is a big help to a scanty larder with seven months to fill, so I couldn’t bear down very hard on him for an infraction of hunting ethics. He had seen no other birds and we now returned to near where he had shot and called for some time but with no answer. Then we went nearer the river and called, on down the river and again out into the woods, frequently stopping for ten to fifteen minutes at a time for calling, and hoping to come up with the bunch; for we felt sure from seeing so much sign there was a good big bunch of birds in the neighborhood. The sun was getting well down the line of the tree trunks by this time and we decided we must give it up for the day and so worked off homeward through the heavy woods. Live oaks and pines make up for the most part these heavy-timbered river swamps, with some sweet gum and other sorts of oaks in the dryer sections, cypress and tupelo close down by the river and along the streams, and cab- bage palmetto trees scattered throughout the whole area but most abundant in the lower places. Not a great deal of thick undergrowth usually, but at inter- vals a lot of small cedars and small growth that make traveling uncomforta- ble; while on the higher, dryer parts great patches of scrub palmetto grew from two or three to six or eight feet high, often cutting off the view com- pletely and compelling a detour. Coming out towards a “bend” or even- ing that cut well down into the swamp, (CONTINUED ON PAGE 40) mnm 14 FOREST AND STREAM January, 1919 By W. LIVINGSTON LARNED Mr. king and His Party Continue Their Trip Along the Florida West Coast, Hunting and Fishing, as Occasion Permits. They Near the Egret Rookeries and Meet Up with Johnny Billy, the Seminole Brave, Who Escorts Them to Dr. Cypress Tiger’s Abandoned Farm Up Lossman’s River. F'"T^ARP0N lake is a very famous body of I water, for, while it is no more than four miles long and two wide, its placid six feet of wonderfully clear fishing ground is the ^ V ^ abiding place of finny record-breakers. It is really a continuation of White Water Bay and is therefore tanged with salt. Shrewd ex- ponents of the rod and reel revel in the marvels of this mystic lake, bordered on all sides by very beautiful natural scenery. Since Harney River is the main southern outlet of the Ever- glades, the Gulfward trend brings with it much of the interior tropic grandeur. There is a fiow, at times, of easily fifty feet per minute as the clear, fresh water runs to meet the salt. And, farther down, at the mouth of the Harney, with Shark River op- posite, the mangroves separate into myriads of islands. During the stormy period, as Gulf hurricanes sweep madly up the two streams, these thicket isles are awash, the tide varying from * three to four feet. It rises to six feet, under stress of wind and wave, whereupon the little shoals and island beaches, composed of marl, sluiced down by the endless wash of the rivers, are concealed from sight. Tarpon Lake is tarpon paradise for fishermen. Monsters are caught there, and there are nearly always fishing crafts tucked away under the cool shadows of the mangroves. Our Gulf voyagers were fortunate in January, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 15 Hendry admitted that they could not go far enough to secure deer on their own, and after a final exchange of local- isms with the negro, they retraced their steps, arriving at camp at eight o’clock. Every mile of the way interested John, who felt well repaid for the expedition. Thickets were alive with strange birds, and ’gators croaked along the shallow, murky waterways. Swarms of insects droned upon the heavy, steaming air. Mr. King had filled several pages of his diary with interesting data. Having gone in the launch to the headwaters of the Harney, he was surprised to find visiting the place when it was deserted. Dawn found the calm waters unbroken by boat of any kind. Several ducks winged against the bright sky and a wood ibis stood sedately upon a fallen log. One lone heron, spotlessly white, flapped lazily past the camp. During the night Mr. King had spread a net, for mosquitoes were bad, but of excitement there was none. The rest that was needed so badly was theirs, in all its serene fulness. JOHN Jr. and Hendry decided to go on a short expedition out from camp in search of deer, while Mr. King made a scientific study of the country. It was just such a trip as the boy hun- gered for and the guide insisted that he could not live another day without veni- son. Indians had told him, said Hendry, that deer could be found in the vicinity of the Harney, and as the ’Glades were approached. That it was a Sabbath morning may account for the ill fortune of the ex- pedition. Some sportsmen are supersti- tious. Certain it is that Hendry, late that night, observed solemnly as he set about cooking supper: “No day for gun or fish hook. Deer in church.’’ The two of them, taking the glade boat, poled up the river and out of Tarpon, in the general direction of the ’Glades. Saw grass began to appear, and large areas of flat, marshy ground, dotted oc- casionally with tiny hammocks that were one solid mass of close-knit myrtle and cypress foliage. Finally the boat was drawn up on the shore of a larger hammock and they alighted. For an hour Hendry did his best to stir up big game. They had come out from behind a cluster of trees, when lazy coils of smoke a half mile beyond attracted their attention. The guide was on the alert in a moment and seemed much perplexed. “Indians?” queried John, his voice a bit tremulous. Hendry shook his head. “Woods on fire, then?” John persisted. But again the guide shook his head. He made straight for that haze of dusty smoke, his misfit jaws clicking. WHAT they found was an old negro in the act of drying or smoking venison, which was all new to John. The dirty flap of a tent had been poled up into place, both as a protection from the light breeze and a scoop for the smoke. From a sturdy cypress pole, stuck in the ground between the two outer supports, a fine carcass was sus- pended .... the carcass of a buck. The wood fire nearby sent dull rolls of arom- atic smoke over and into the meat — a process old in the ’Glades. The negro confided that he had come, with three white hunters, from Loss- man’s River way, primarily after tarpon but the day previous, while reconnoiter- ing out from the Lake, they had run upon deer. Three had been brought down, a fine old buck and two smaller specimens. His companions were down the Harney after gasoline. It was Hen- dry who explained to John that the veni- son was being “buccaned.” Buccaneers of the old Spanish days in that terri- tory probably were so called because they had smoked all meats, in order to pre- serve them. Florida guides still use the old Spanish term to describe an ancient process. An old box, half filled with camping equipment and a tin over the fire, in which coffee brewed, indicated that the sportsmen intended to try their hand at the new game for some days to come. 16 FOREST AND STREAM January, 1919 indications of oil on the surface. Eager for a discovery of this kind, he carried his investigations further, ferreting around alligator holes and small tri- butary streams, far back in the man- grove nests. Iron oxide, yes, but the “oil” proved to be only a mysterious result of decayed vegetable matter. JOHN caught his first big tarpon a few hundred yards from shore, in the lake. Hendry helped him, for the fight lasted a vigorous half hour. It was a fish of which he well might be proud and Hendry assured him that he had equitted himself like a veteran while handling the rod. “We must be getting on,” advised Mr. King, “Lossman’s River by night. On our way back we will have a day or so of tarpon fishing. Let’s get the real work over first.” It was necessary to cross around into Shark River again, when the mouth of the Harney was reached, for the tanks must be filled with gasoline. This they secured at the Tannic Works dock. It was afternoon when they bore up the coast, taking it rather leisurely, as Hendry did not know the course. Four small rivers emptied into the gulf, and once they stopped near a sand bar for oysters. Such oysters, too! Then came the broad vista of Rodger’s" River, opening in a boquet of hammocks : Lossman’s Key, hugging the shore line, like some immense marine animal, with green back and yellow fins, and finally Lossman’s River, that home of Florida enchantment, about which so little is really known. The Mae ran her nose up beneath another mangrove retreat, and Hendry built a fire on shore, over which venison was cooked. The rascal had saved this as a surprise, for the negro out from Tarpon Lake had given him several prime cuts, and Hendry had secreted it until this moment. He had said he could not live another day with- out venison .... his life was saved. Monday was destined to bring many exciting adventures. It was a fair day and a fine one, with the most delicate of ocean breezes blowing. It was necessary to secure information about Lossman’s and navi- gating the river, for Mr. King had heard in advance that it was literally swarm- ing with islands, treacherous shoals, narrows and blind alleys. As day advanced, they could see a point not a half mile distant, around the bend, from where they had an- chored, and there were unmistakable signs of habitation. It proved to be a bedraggled fishing post, populated by “low white trash” at the time engaged in the unlawful practice of salting mullet against the season. Despite rulings to the contrary, the fish were packed in barrels in salt and sent to Key West and this during the spawning season. Mr. King cautioned both Hendry and John Jr. to be very careful. Not a word must be said to excite suspicion. They must not appear curious. Mind- ing one’s own business here was wisdom. John Jr. thought only of fishing, he was at it both day and night, and never tired of the infinite variety and beauty of his catches Mr. King discusses the game trails with an old friend at the Shark River dock. They are pointing to bird rookeries on the other side of the narrow stream Years ago. Governor Catts ordered a cruiser to patrol this section and to see that the mullet were protected, but the patrol was eventually disbanded and now — now the dirty little sloops put in at the dirty little docks and tarpulin-cov- ered hogsheads were spirited aboard in the night. The beaches were covered with nets, hanging out to dry. They re- sembled giant cob webs that had been spun during the night. A rather surly man answered such questions as were put to him, w'ith frowning indifference that bespoke his inherent suspicion. “What did they want up Lossman’s River, anyhow?” “Property to survey a long ways dis- tant .... it had nothing to do with this section of the country.” “How long did they intend to remain?” “Only long enough to do the job .... and right glad they would be to return to Miami .... it was a thankless task. Who would ever want to farm up there on the outskirts of Big Cypress and the ’Glades?” “You’ll have to watch yourself,” was the final grunt, “only one good channel. Hard on boats. Only one side of the river navigable. Sand bars as thick as mosquitoes. So many mangrove is- lands that the man who found the river couldn’t get out of it.” Hendry, who had managed to talk in whispers to one of the fishermen, came back with the interesting in- formation that contract labor was used and that when a chap thought he had enough of it and decided to leave, he was shot if he became too insistent. The voyagers were beginning to sense the real character of the country. On the opposite shore loomed another point, and Hendry was for zig-zagging across without delay. “I think get ban- anas and vegetables there,” the guide suggested, “man tell me it no worked now .... nobody there much. Garden. Pick some fresh grub .... we need greens. Soup. Go see.” “I christen it ‘Banana Point,’ ” cried Mr. King, “there must have been three hundred trees here a few years ago.” As they were making the boats fast, however, John called his Father’s atten- tion to the fact that a man had put out from the opposite shore in a motor boat. It was the same fellow Mr. King had interrogated only a short while before. “He watch us,” muttered Hendry. “That’s exactly what he’s doing,” added John. The motor boat eased up along- side, even before they had gone ashore. “Anybody live on the point?” Mr. King asked. There was a shake of the head. “Looks as if there was fresh vege- tables in the garden and fruit. Any objection to our picking some?” “Not if you pay for it,” the other responded, “that’s my joint .... I used to be there. Whafcha want?” The suspicious guardian of Banana Point went with them up through the overgrown paths to a weather-worn pal- metto hut that topped the slight incline. Some fair potatoes were dug from the poor soil; three Indian pumpkins cut from gnarled vines, and a bunch of green bananas. The garden was not as pro- ductive of stores as they had imagined. All the while their companion kept close tabs of what was being done and exacted a cash remuneration. This young renegade, with his lower- ing brows and curt manner went back to his motor boat only when the Mae and her occupants left the dock at Ba- nana Point. He was still unconvinced as to a REAL mission of the visitors. They saw him,, for a full half hour after- ward, standing in his craft, at the dock across the river, watching; his soiled hand scooping his eyes, as the sun beat over a shaggy, uncouth head. Januaey, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 17 AS the Mae put out into what, by grace of good will, they called a “Bay,” all simultaneously spied a strange object. It was eight o’clock, and the sun was so brilliant and dazzling that they could not be sure of their own eyes. Hendry immediately used the glasses. Instantly he gave a grunt of satisfaction and surprise. “John Billy!” was his exclamation. “Seminole?” asked Mr. King. “Good Indian,” the guide nodded, “I know Billy. I once live in Cow Creek country. Married Cow Creek squaw.” Hendry shrugged his shoulder in disgust at the very memory, “met John Billy there .... long time* ago. Thirty years. Only once, twice I see him since. I leave squaw. John Billy glad, for squaw bad woman. He never like her, either. We get Billy pilot us up Lossman’s. That a good idea.” “But will he do it?” inquired Mr. King. John’s gaze was fastened upon the queer object in mid-stream. As the Mae brought them nearer, he saw that it was a beautifully modelled cypress canoe, per- haps twenty-eight feet in length and sup- plied with a sail that scudded it along rather daringly. This leg-o-mutton of soiled cotton cloth was tied on a make- shift mast with buckskin thongs. It was reared at least twelve feet in air, and presented a rather odd appear- ance. The Seminole, attired in the out- landish costume of his tribe, sat astern with a paddle, at overboard steering. His canoe was pretty well loaded with a cargo of sundries from a trading post. But the moment the Indian looked up, as Hendry hailed him, a light of sudden, sure recognition illuminated his dull eyes. “You HENDRY!” said he, without a moment’s hesitation. The two grasped hands and made signs over their respective boats. Whereupon a conversation took place that was com- posed of parts of a half dozen mongrel ’Glade tongues. “He says he will go with us ... . far ’nuff,” said Hendry. “Splendid!” Mr. King exclaimed, “we have been aground on the oyster bars at least five times already .... we need a guide. Where was he going?” “Up one of the rivers from Harney,” said Hendry, who was acting as inter- preter, “he say he has been Chockolos- kee island for supplies. Goes one time every years .... no more. Take deer skins, coon, otter, 'gator skins .... they give him supplies in exchange. Fif- ty pounds rice .... grits .... flour. Some cartridges, shells, new beads for squaw.” The trading post at Chockoloskee, of which we shall learn more later on, first hand, dates back to before the great Se- minole wars. There are remnants of a fort on the island and quite a settle- ment of white men. Mr. King recalled this fragment of West Coast history. Hendry and Johnny Billy continued to talk in voluble gutteral tones. They were rehearsing the past. “He says he no been to Miami in twen- ty-five years,” translated Hendry, “his birthday not long ago .... sixty-five year. Feel young.” And the Indian looked it! He was vigorous of build, strong, active and bright of eye. A life in the open, hunt- ing and fishing, had thrown a sort of magic halo of Health over his bronzed body. These good points were elabor- ated by his characteristic Seminole cos- tume .... the bright-colored tunic, ex- posed chest, and bare legs and head. Johnny Billy was of some account in the region, for, upon the death of Cypress Tiger, he became chief of his particular tribal unit, situated on an island at the headwaters of Lossman’s River, or some- times found on hunting expeditions out from Harney and Shark. Some very famous chiefs knew Lossman’s as their Here we see the gate house and dismantled remnants of Dr. Cy- press Tiger’s one-time home on the outskirts of the ’Glades. Great game country surrounds it, but superstitious natives never dis- turb the great Seminole’s last crumbling, vine-covered shrine A veteran of the ’Glades was smoke-curing a fine venison car- cass by a process peculiar to the ’Glade folk for many generations primitive home .... Billy Buck Harney, Johnny Billy and the illustrious Tooth- pull Tiger, Son of Cypress Tiger, all of South Seminole tribes. Billy reigned su- preme over perhaps thirty sturdy bucks and women and children, to the aggre- gate of seventy-five. At 1 P.M. Billy had brought them safely into the still waters of Dr. Tiger’s Lake. John was beginning to experi- ence the mystery and thrill of a far country. For a reason he could not quite analyze, he found himself talking in sub- dued tones. Echoes were intimately clear and resonant. Swinging overhead and above the tops of cypress, mangrove and cabbage palm, there were birds of every Florida kind. Here would the rifle prove a handy weapon! They could have filled the boats with duck, heron, wild turkey and crane in an hour. It was obvious that the party had at last stepped across the line between average Gulf sport and a forbidden realm of en- chantment. As for the waters .... they were constantly rippled and sent into widening silver circles by the play- ful fish that swept eagerly to the sur- face after falling insects. And Hendry gTinned at John and John smiled at Hendry. Translated, this exchange of mutual gratification meant: “Here we will get out the rod and the flies and all our paraphernalia. It will be fishing such as no human ever en- countered before!” Every mile of the way up had been touched with beauty and unspoiled romance. Lossman’s is nothing more or less than a channel of three- fourths of a mile at its extremity in length, opening into a flowerful bay, shallow, shadowed and humming with the low songs of wild life. They were all hungry by this time and the Mae was nosed up, until her bow left the water on the low, smooth beach of Dr. Tiger’s Shell Mound plan- tation. Was there ever a more pictur- esque .... a more ghostly place! This immense shell mound foundation formed an island abutting the mangrove and cabbage palm shore, and it was over-run with the living things that Tiger had planted and that lived on, after his sad death. There was the ruins of what had once been a snug shack, back from the shore, but rains and summer heat had warped the planks or started dis- integration. An Indian might have sore need for fire wood, but all this island rendezvous of a much-loved person was sacred. Time might claim it ... . hu- man hands never! Mr. King and John stood rather breathlessly at the open door of the old shack. Earth there was for floor, and heavy flat fans of fern glorified it. Upon a broken shelf there were bottles .... low, sinister glass jars, long since empty, but once filled with those swamp concoctions which the Indians believed would bring eternal health. The odor of dead world sprang up heavily from dark corners, and little yellow and green lizards raced at their feet. (CONTINUED ON PAGE 36) 18 FOREST AND STREAM January, 1919 WHEN AND HOW TO USE BAITS IN TRAPPING THE MAJORITY OF THE METHODS EMPLOYED BY BEGINNERS ARE AT FAULT BECAUSE THE WRONG DECOY IS SELECTED OR THE RIGHT ONE IS IMPROPERLY ARRANGED By GEORGE J. THIESSEN The professional trapper uses de- coys. So does the amateur, only too often and not in the right way. An examination of the sets made by young trappers during the past few years reveals the fact that they actually decrease their chances of success by em- ploying lures. Most instances showed clearly that attractors were employed when not needed; that is, traps placed in position where even the best baits would make fur bearers suspicious. Par- ticularly was this true of attempts to catch mink and raccoon. Further, fully seventy per cent of the methods employed by beginners disclosed that either the wrong decoy was selected or if the right one, improperly arranged. Sometimes both faults were apparent. With prac- tically all raw furs in good demand and the pelt hunters using their money to buy, so far as possible. Liberty Bonds, War Savings and Thrift Stamps, a few suggestions on baits and their use will prove of value. Success in trapping, like that of any- thing else, depends largely upon the knowledge had of it. Too often is it true that the trapper will start out with a few homemade or steel traps to get hides of animals he knows nothing about. The best preparation for the pelt hunter is to study the habits of the fur bearers he would take; know where to look for them; how they get their food; what they eat — in fact a hundred and one things which only experience will ^ bring. As proof of this statement, it is well known that the professional taker of skins does not let an opportunity go by to learn his trapping grounds thor- oughly, including the location of dens and runways. Every sign tells a story to those who can read it. Old trappers can tell instantly by the tracks and other indications whether an animal is trav- eling, feeding or seeking its burrow. Not a thing eludes the trained senses. And when the time comes, all these little details which escape the eye of the young pelt hunter is used to advantage by the experienced. The best time to study fur bearers is early in the fall. At this sea- son they are most active, preparing their winter quarters and storing up food. A good flash-light will help too, for with it the beginner can locate tracks under shelving banks, in dark holes and runways, which otherwise might be passed by. The hours put to such use will bring big returns. Generally speaking, all of the small animals eat flesh with the exception of the muskrat. This lives on vegetables. Although some claim it will gnaw meat, my experiments have never proven the assertion. The ’coon can be lured with The sets must not be neglected either kind of a bait. Since speciflc lures will be discussed later for each of the commoner fur bearers, it is not neces- sary to go into details now. Attractors may be divided into two kinds: natural and artificial. Of the former there are the foods ; of the latter, scents and other devices designed to at- tract attention. Briefly, the natural de- coys will be given : Skunk: This fur bearer prefers bloody meat, especially if fresh. The carcasses of muskrats are good, too. If rabbit is employed, it is best to rip open the belly so the entrails protrude. Dead poultry even if decayed sometimes is worthy of trial. Mice and small birds do not, as a rule, give good results. Avoid crows, hawks and owls. Civet Cat: Like the previous animal, fresh bloody meat is good. The other baits mentioned are recommended, too. Small birds if plucked are excellent. Rot- ten fish may be employed also. Raccoon : Like its larger brother the bear, the ’coon always seems hungry. It likes honey, especially if in the comb. Small fish — fresh, canned and smoked — are excellent attractors. Clams, corn and similar are often employed. Opossum : Small birds of the reed va- riety when plucked give good results. Sardines, those put up in oil, are very effective. The head of a smoked bloater is recommended. The skin is good, too; in fact a waste which is better than the flesh. This is true in other cases. Mink: In most cases the flesh of mus- krat and rabbit is best. Small rather than large pieces are recommended. Fish, mussels, crabs, and similar, can be used also. Some consider the head of a chicken an ideal lure, but in my experiments I have found most of the others mentioned more effective. Weasel: The head of a rabbit ar- ranged naturally, fresh meat and blood, can be depended upon. Muskrat flesh is a good decoy also. Muskrat: Parsnips head the list of natural baits, because of the pungent odor. Carrots, turnips, potatoes, beets, corn — in fact almost any of the vege- tables— are used by professionals. One of the best trappers I knew employed apples almost exclusively. Sometimes he switched to cabbage and pumpkins. Whenever a decoy of any kind is se- lected, with one exception for taking raccoon, it should be placed near the set in such a position that the fur bearer in investigating will be caught. The bait must not be on the trap for the ordinary methods. However, the ’coon being inquisitive will investigate bright objects in the water, invariably reach- ing for them with a paw. Pelt hunters, therefore, often fasten a piece of bright tin or a piece of looking glass to the pan of a trap, concealing the rest with moss or water-soaked leaves. This instance is the only one where bait ought be so arranged. Experiments with the method has convinced me that in ordinary usage, it may be dispensed -with entirely. One of the best artificial scents for flesh-eaters may be made by chopping up fish and letting them rot in an open- mouthed jar. When after muskrat, cut up a beaver castor and let it soak for several days in alcohol. Castorum — the other name for castors — can be had at almost any drug storer. Fur firms are able many times to supply it also. One gland is sufficient for a whole season with the average pelt hunter. Only a few drops of the liquid are necessary as a decoy. There are many patent baits upon the market. Some of these are very good and others worthless. Regardless of the claims of the manu- facturers, none are magic compounds which will actually drag animals into traps. If one cannot get furs without them — if his sets are crude — success need not be expected with even the best at- tractor. And let me say for them that were I to go on a line, there is any one of a half dozen I might select and get results. There are others I would not use. Experiments covering several years in a number of locations, convinced me that the so-called scent actually re- pelled. I have in mind a demonstration in Iowa w’here one lure would draw mink from their regular runway, fifteen or twenty yards almost without fail. January, 1919 FOREST AND S T R E A M 19 Another advertised product gave no re- sults, whatever. When used within a few feet of a runaway, the fur bearers did not travel it for days afterwards. Test after test was made with the same re- sult. Hence, it is evident in buying de- coys that one must know what to select and what to let alone. Some baits are made to sell rather than draw fur bear- ers. Remember this when tempted to part with the price of them. Never use an attractor unless the set cannot be made without it. The begin- ner imagines that unless he has some kind of lure he will not catch fur. While it is admitted that competition is keen among pelt hunters, that farms and vil- lages supply considerable food for the animals, most of the methods employed by professionals call for little or no bait. And in connection with this, I might add that those who have had no experience taking hides seem to imagine that the bigger the decoy, the more successful they will be. To illustrate, one Michigan trapper invariably used not less than one muskrat for each mink set, but as soon as he employed an eighth or a tenth, his catch increased. Of course what is true in this case would not be for skunk and civet. In fact the carcass of a steer might prove better than any part of it. One must, as stated before, know the habits of the animals he would trap be- fore he can make an intelligent selec- tion of decoys. Laughable as it may seem, one ambi- tious pelt hunter had carefully saved pieces of bacon rind and securely wired them to the pans of his traps. Best of all he was after foxes, one of the very hardest animals to draw, with lures which, as he soberly assured me, were permanent for the season. No amount of explanation would convince this no- vice that his methods were entirely wrong. It is safe to assume that he has never flooded the raw fur market. Apiece of white paper or cloth a few inches above the water, will often attract the muskrat. I have known this decoy to get hides when all others failed. Those who have their trapping grounds to themselves often make a practice of (CONTINUED ON PAGE 44) DUCK SHOOTING ON THE MEXICAN BORDER THE FIRST FLIGHT OF DUCKS SOUTH CONSISTS OF OUR iSMALL FRIEND. THE BLUE-WINGED TEAL, AND THE SPOON-BILL By LIEUTENANT-COLONEL JOHN A. CONSIDINE Crawford’s Ranch in Fresno Canon, on Marfa-Lajitas road The duck season op- ened here October 16th, and as you might expect I was out bright and early to welcome the birds. I h a V e noticed for the past month a number of ducks sitting on the ponds, and fly- ing south over this country in great numbers. A great many ducks, thou- sands of them in fact, have passed over this range country going south into Mexico, and quite a few of them make this country, between the Southern Pacific Railroad and the Rio Grande, one of their stop- ping places in their long flight from the north to Central Mexico. The artificial tanks and ponds used for watering cattle on the range at pres- ent are covered with various species of ducks, mostly all varieties of teal, blue- wing, greenwing and cinnamon teal, quite a number of sprigs and what is knowm in this country as a grey duck. The grey duck is about the size and confirmation of a mallard. There are a few mallards in but not in any great numbers, though we expect to find more in later on in the season. As is usual in this country, the first flight of ducks south consists of our small friend the blue-winged teal and the spoon bill. Quite a few of these are now in on the lakes and ponds in the district. Having seen a great number of ducks HIS account of duck shooting in Texas is part of a personal letter from Lieut.-Col. Considine. Its interest to sportsmen and the fund of timely information it con- tains warrant this presentation of it to our readers. — [Editors.] that come through here, and noting them on the various ponds, etc., and having located about where I wanted to hunt, on the afternoon of the 16th I got out my trusty gun, called to my old Ches- apeake, jumped in a car and lit out from Marfa in the direction of the river. I went down in the general direction of Terlingua, Texas, on the old Antelope Springs road for about ten miles, and then cut across country to a large lake (for this country) where I had several times seen as many as a thousand birds at one time. I arrived at the lake and as there was no cover there, I went over far- ther to a small dip in the hills where the re- cent rains had formed a small lake about two hundred yards long and fifty yards wide. In the centre of this small pond was a high em- bankment with bushes growing all around it, forming one of the best natural blinds I have ever had the pleasure of shooting from on any trip after birds. I sent the car back and a friend who was with me took station on the big lake, and I remained on the small pond. This large lake was about a mile from the small lake or pond where I intended shooting. I set out my decoys and got ready for business. About ten minutes after everything was ready, I heard my friend firing on the large lake, and about two minutes afterwards a big flock of sprig swung over the hill, came up to the de- coys as prettily as anyone could wish, and I opened my 1918 duck season by making a double. The old dog, all dur- ing the preparation, wisely followed every movement, assisted me in locating the decoys, and when everything was set for the shooting, came in and lay down at my feet. He saw the ducks coming as soon as I did, and it was really (CONTINUED ON PAGE 47) 20 FOREST AND STREAM January, 1919 i J THE FIRST REQUISITE OF THE ANGLER SOME BAITS ARE SO USEFUL AND OTHERS SO INDISPENSABLE THAT A COMPREHENSIVE LIST IS OF SERVICE TO THE SALT WATER ENTHUSIAST By LEONARD HULIT, Associate Editor of FOREST AND STREAM ONE of the prime requirements of the angler at all times is bait. This applies as well to the fresh water disciple as to his more heavily tackle-burdened brother, the enthusiastic angler of the surf and shore. In the latter sport there are so many baits which are useful, and some at times so indispensable, that a list with com- ment thereon may be of service to the novice. It is well to remember in all cases the nearer, to natural conditions the lure can be presented the greater the chances of success. There are some varieties of bait which cannot be used in its whole form, and must be cut in pieces, yet there are some ways better than others even in this service. The Shedder Crab First in importance as a bait in salt water fishing is the shedder crab. There is not a fish native to our wa- ters or which comes to them, which will not take at times take this bait. So well is this fact known that many men of ex- perience will not go out on a trip with- out a supply of this commodity on hand. Even when other baits seem to be more desirable, such as the quest of the blue- fish when mullet or menhaden are ordi- narily the killing proposition, still as a reserve in emergency, the shedder is somewhere in the “kit.” To the experi- enced this bait needs no description nor any directions as to how it should be pre- pared. There are many however who know little or nothing of where they may be procured or how to prepare them for the hook. They can usually be purchased at the better bait supply stores in all cities near the coast and ordinarily are sold for about one dollar per dozen. Fre- quently, if the fisherman is near the soft crab gatherers who ply their work in all the shallow waters of the rivers and bays, the shedder may generally be had from them at about one-half the for- mer price. Still the chances of this are so uncertain and the endeavor ordinarily so great that it is more satisfactory to get them at the store where the quality can generally be depended on; for there are many tricks in this trade, and the novice may walk away from the un- scrupulous tradesman’s stall with a box of fine looking crabs only to find when endeavoring to use them that there is not a genuine shedder in the lot. If the purchaser has any doubt as to what he may get, he can easily test for him- self the condition of the crab by taking the extreme point of the shell between the thumb and forefinger and, if under a gentle pressure of the finger on the under shell it gives way, the crab is in good condition, and may safely be taken. This is a never failing test, and one which is always used by the man of ex- perience. If on the other hand the shell will not readily break through by gentle pressure, it is useless, and will be found impossible as a bait. The term shedder is aptly applied, and when properly handled the entire shell can be removed as easily as the shell from a hard-boiled egg, leaving the body of the crab intact, a good solid bait, to be cut in sections as will appear later on. In preparing them care must always be exercised or the hands will suffer from the nipper claws which are ever ready for business, and a good healthy crab can inflict a wound which is not to be despised. The proper way is to take them up in the left hand from the back and by a quick motion gather in the right hand one of the nipper claws and with the same motion remove the claw, which will always come loose with a smart wrench; the other claw can be re- moved in the same manner, after which the crab is harmless and can be handled with impunity. Then with handle of a knife or a pair of shears — the latter should be always a part of every “kit” — tap the under shell smartly until it cracks much the same as an egg shell into small parts which can be removed; then turn the crab over, going through the same detail with the top shell until all is removed. The claws which have been previously removed can be cleaned in the same way and they always are an important part if of good size. When baiting for striped bass or channel bass half of the crab should always be used. First, string the claw portion on the hook much the same as a worm, passing it up beyond the hook and onto the'shell. As large hooks are always used for these fish such a portion will be found not too large and it makes a most attrac- tive portion. If the side fins or feelers, as they are termed, are left on, so much the better, as they add to the attraction of the bait. In fishing for weakfish, kingfish or croakers, as well as many other fish, the crab can be cut in much smaller portions and serve equally well. Always remember to cut the meat cross- wise of the body as this is the direction of the grain or strands of the flesh and it will stay on the hook much better than if cut in the opposite direction. There is on the side of the crab opposite from the mouth, under the shell, a dark flap-like portion known as the “apron.” This should always be retained, and when placing the crab on the hook the point should be passed through this portion, as it is very tough and causes the bait to hang to the hook well. And — as a warning — never accept from a dealer a dead crab. If he tells you they are just as good as the live ones, he is not honest and will deceive you in other matters as well. The only crab which is a “good crab” is the one which peels readily, and the one you kill yourself when ready for use. When out fishing always keep the grass ^hich is on the crabs well moistened, not soaking wet, as this last condition has a tendency to smother them. Upon your return put them at once in the bottom of an ice box or other very cool place, and always where it is dark. By following these directions crabs can be kept several days in good shape. Bloodworm or Whiteworm Next in importance to the crab in the angler’s bait category is the bloodworm or whiteworm, as it is frequently called — why the latter name is difficult to understand, as it in no way describes the subject. On the other hand the name bloodworm is quite comprehen- sive as the worm is at all time congested with blood and is never white. This worm, as well as the crab, may be had at all bait stores and is a special favorite with many fishermen at all sea- sons. It is, however, in great demand during the early season for use around the inlets in bass fishing, as they appar- ently feed much on this during the early spring, and also the autumn months. As a trolling bait it is paramount; used in connection with a spinner it is the most deadly of all lures to the striped bass. This applies of course to boat work, troll- ing around points where rocks and wrecks are to be found in inland waters, with ends of the worms hanging free from the hook and just lead enough to keep the spinner and worm well down in the wa- ter. If bass are to be had this method will prove most availing. The king- fish also take this bait greedily, and at times no other bait will be noticed by them. While at times weakfish will con- descend to come to this offering, still it .lANUARY, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 21 IS an exception when they do so. It is also an important bait for the small flounder and is in much demand in the winter months by the early fishermen who go in quest of this fish. The blood- worm is found at the bottoms of all the rivers and bays of our middle Atlantic states in the alluvial strata and is taken by means of specially designed forks. Millions of dozens are sold annually and many men make good incomes from the pursuit and sale to dealers. The Skimmer Clam He will have them surrounded and sure in his own mind of the prize, but if slow in motion the fish will leap the cork line, and like a flock of sheep each one following its leader leave the discomfitted netter empty handed. They are a beauti- ful, silvery fish, and when prepared prop- erly greatly surpass the ordinary sardine in flavor. The Sand Eel or Sand Launt AS a favorite bait when procurable the species stands high; in fact, its only demerit is the lateness of the season in which it presents itself. Were it an earlier visitor it is much to be questioned if the mullet would have any claim to superiority. The fact that it is never with us until very cool nights are in season is an argument that does not favor its general use. It grows to a length of ten inches, but is rare of that size. About six inches, of the thickness of a stout lead pencil is the most com- mon size; the belly of a silvery white- ness and back of a livid green make a combination of colors of great harmony. Its peculiar habit of burying itself in the wet sand on the bars as the tide recedes, there to remain until the ris- ing tide calls it forth again, is undoubt- edly how its name originated. It is in- teresting to walk across those places and to see tiny creatures spring from the earth at your feet and as instantly dis- appear. More interesting, however, is the sight when in the water untold mill- ions are swimming in vast schools, the water fairly quivering, and from below the larger fish rushing here and there gathering in the helpless launt while in the air myriads of small gulls or terns with discordant cries feed on them in- cessantly, dipping to the water’s edge and circling away with its victim in its bill. After the arrival of the launt, if the weather remains at all favorable it becomes a favorite bait for the use of the beach fisherman in taking weakfish and plaice as well as the occasional bluefish that sometimes wanders near. The Mossbunker or Menhaden NO list of baits would be com- plete without including the mossbunker, as it is so uni- versally termed. It is a good at- traction for many of our finest fishes, and is largely used in all the offshore fisheries. It is the ex- clusive bait for the bluefish fleets, thousands of bushels being used annually. It is, however, its use as a bait for beach fishing which is of interest here. To use, a sharp knife must be brought into play, and the fish cut lengthwise, dis- carding the head and back bone, then a cross section of about one inch in width is to be placed on the hook. As the flesh is rather soft a piece of thread to wrap a few turns about the whole bait assists materially in keeping it on the hook. If possible throw all the waste portions to sea as they make a slick and attract the passing fish. It is always a good blue-fish bait and one that can usually be de- pended on for the taking of the channel bass. In fishing for the latter a very liberal portion should be used, as much as the hook will hold, as this fish is ordinarily quite tardy in coming to a feast which is not abundant. I have seen many of these fish taken when all other baits were passed by, only those using menhaden being successful. In former years striped bass fish- ing at Block Island and Cutty- hunk was conducted entirely with this bait. What the favorite lure may be at this date I cannot say. The Squid or Inkfish IT is only within recent years that this bait has held any prominence in the angler’s estimation. While it may have been used for a long time by the offshore boats working among the rocks in quest of seabass, it has not had more than ten years of special notice among surf fishermen. While of course it has been known for an indefinite time among those wise in sea lore, it has never been accepted as a particularly good attraction until re- cent years. That it enters largely into the food economy of the bass, weakfish and the mackerel family is to be believed, and it is at times a most welcome ad- dition to the anglers “kit.” Some of the largest bass ever taken along the (continued on page 42) This is perhaps too well known to need much of a description as it is to be found much of the time along the beach front where it is washed in by the tides and where it becomes the prey of scavenger birds as well as the fish- erman who, other baits failing, turns to this when in quest of bass. At times this is one of the best possible baits to be had. Many times have I fished when nothing would be noticed by His Striped Majesty but the humble skimmer. It is much used by the deep sea fishermen for codfish and other bottom feeding fish. The Mullet AS a bait fish the small surf mullet is supreme. This fish must not be confused with the striped or southern mullet which occasionally comes to us in the autumn and is an important food fish. The species which is un- der discussion reaches a length rarely exceeding five inches and is most pronounced in character. It appears along the seaboard as ear- ly as July, but is much more abun- dant during August and Septem- ber. It ordinarily enters all the tidal streams along the coast, and is pursued by all the carnivora of the sea. Its life is one of con- tinual pursuit by every free swim- ming fish in our waters. Bluefish, weakfish and bonito are ever on its trail at the surface, while the ubiquitous plaice are continually striking it from below. The striped bass in the autumn feed ravenously on it at times; and it is then that the angler in turn gets back at the bass when he dis- covers them feeding in that manner, by trailing the metal squid rapidly through the school. The fish mistakes the metal for the mullet and so falls a victim to his rapacity. In surf casting for the bluefish the mullet is used when possible, as it is of a size to be used whole by passing the hook in at the mouth, then down the body, and then through near the tail. At night weakfish take the mullet read- ily and great catches of them have been made on this bait; in fact, all the strongly carnivorous fishes of the coast are in pursuit of it. The mullet is taken by means of casting nets as well as the hauling seines and it is amusing to watch the not-too-well-posted hand endeavor to gather in the mullet with the drag net. The old time fisherman was versed in bait-lore 22 FOREST AND S T R E A M January, 1919 FISHING BY THE FRIENDLY FIRESIDE WHEN WINTRY WINDS BLOW, THE ANGLER DREAMS OF THE FAR-DISTANT OPENING DAY AND PLANS NEW ATTACKS ON THE STRONGHOLDS OF THE TROUT Those who know what it feels like to have the fishing virus enter their blood during the winter and who, along holiday time, prefer to gaze into the depths of the friendly fire, seeing a certain pool where that big one will be lying in a few months, instead of reading the daily horrors in their paper, will find very little instruction — but per- haps a slight interest — in reading what I have to say. Rather will those poor unfortunates who have never caught a trout, nor planned how they should catch others, find perhaps something herein to lead them to a better life, that of — I sincerely trust — a fly fisherman. Those of us who hunt certainly find pleasure in taking good care of our guns and exercising our dogs; we who camp love to overhaul our duffle, patching the tent, sharpening up the ax, making mar- velous new sleeping and cooking con- traptions; but those of us who fish for trout — we never have time enough to overhaul our tackle properly! There are new windings to be put on this rod, and that one is to have an agate guide; the fly that the “big fellow” really would take best must have a different hackle from the March Brown, and our stock of Whirling Duns looks rather played out, so they must be retied; there are some bad spots in this leader, and the landing net needs a bit of patching. Oh ! if any one should ever get through fuss- ing with his tackle — which he never will — there are so many different ways of fishing that eddy just above the big round rock, and the place where the current has cut under the left bank by the leaning oak. These and many other battlefields must be thought over, and the best plan of attack decided on — only to be changed when we finally fish them. You who have never fished for trout, if you have read this far without giving up in disgust, must see what a lunatic a fly fisherman can be. Here I am in the middle of December wondering whether Emerson Hough is right about that buck tail for high water in the streams, and whether I shall make my first cast in a certain little pool just above the white bridge with his much praised buck tail — on the first of next April, mind you! — or whether a Silver Doctor sunk about ten inches will turn the trick. And my favorite rod has just been set up and gone over carefully in preparation for that April day’s fishing. Now I wager that there are a thousand other men in this country tonight who are not only thinking about whether they shall go to this stream or that one on the oj ening day, but are revar- nishing their rods, tying leaders and flies, paraffining lines, and gazing wist- fully at fishing catalogues. In other words, mine is not an isolated case of By VIRGINIUS the trout fever; it is prevalent in a vio- lent form throughout the country. WHY is there such a gripping fasci- nation in fly fishing, and what is this fascination? I hardly know; it consists in so many things that a list of them might become tedious. If you are at all curious about it, try it, and the answer will be plain even if you too cannot find words for that answer. I have spoken of fly fishing several times; if you would know the real pleas- ure and beauty of catching trout, be- come a fly fisherman, and leave bait fish- ing to those who fish for food instead of pleasure. When I started to write I made up my mind I would not take sides on any of the “great arguments” — dry fly versus wet, upstream versus down, and so on, and I hardly feel that I have broken my decision when I say “leave bait fishing for those who fish for food.” We all fish for food at times, and when the camp needs trout for lunch and flies are not attractive, by all means use bait, so that we may not be forced to fish our flies all afternoon on empty stomachs. I suppose there must be something delightful about deciding whether to use this worm or that one to try to catch some big speckled fighter on, but I know it is delightful to open the fly book and wonder whether a dark Montreal or a Coachman will prove most enticing to that same big fellow. And there must be some satisfaction in being able to chuck a baited hook into the current so that it will be carried down to a hungry trout, but the satisfaction there is in dropping a dainty fly just where it will do the most good — about twenty-eight feet from you near that patch of foam — is something I can vouch for. Fur- thermore the joy at landing a trout must be something fiendish to repay a bait fisherman for tearing most of the trout’s entrails out when he releases his hook; I know that a fly fisherman’s joy is not marred by removing his fly from the un- feeling lip of his adversary. Well, I suppose it is really unnecessary to en- large on this subject; surely it is if you will only try fly fishing. SO many better men than I have de- scribed the outfit necessary for the tyro that I almost feel it would be superfluous for me to do so; I will con- tent myself with a few “don’ts” con- nected with the purchase of such an out- fit. And the greatest of these is “Don’t buy a cheap outfit.” That is not a very encouraging remark, is it? It is not as bad as it sounds however. I have met men on a trout stream with rods that must have cost all of ;pi.50; they also had every other item that is devised for the use and pleasure of a trout fisher- man. If necessary do without a fly- book, and a creel and a leader box, ap^ a dry-fly atomizer, and several other things, but GET the best rod you pos- sibly CAN afford! ! Almost any medium priced enameled line (if there is such a thing) will be strong enough to hold any trout you will catch, but the same cannot be said of leaders. Cheap flies may look just as good to you as ex- pensive flies, but I am satisfied that a trout can tell the difference in the price better than the most expert fishing tackle dealer. If you cannot afford to buy three dozen good flies, try one dozen or half a dozen. You can be just as economical as you please when it comes to a reel, but get one large enough to hold the line you just purchas::d. I started out to tell you some “don’ts,” but I see it developed into “do’s”; so do buy the best rod, leaders, and flies that you can, and skimp on the other items. A hat band or an envelope will serve as a fly book; an envelope or a little tin box will do for a leader box; an old wet towel or a handful of grass in connection with a coat pocket makes a serviceable creel; and so on through all the things that we would like to have and can’t afford to have if we get a good rod. Never fear, however, when the virus gets into your blood it will not be a question of what you can afford to spend; it gradually develops into patching an old suit instead of buying a new one, so that you can become the owner of an imported double-tapered line, or some new fly-box with little clips that keep your dry-flies just as they should be kept. And now a word as to the time when we become thoroughly im- bued with the fly-fishing disease. Our first impulse is to become rabid partisans in the “great arguments.” Don’t! Every kind of trout fishing; up- stream and down stream, dry-fly and wet-fly, fishing the rise and fishing the stream, all these are the best way at the proper moment. The fisherman who em- ploys them all, is the best fisherman. I have recently become the proud pos- sessor of a very beautiful volume on trout fishing — the most elaborate volume on this subject it has been my good for- tune to see — and my distress at finding several chapters taken up with bicker- ing about wet-fly and dry-fly men, and what this man said and that man said and the dictionary meanings of their words — well it is a rank shame that a man with the talent, knowledge, and experience that the author of this book has should incorporate such trivial stuff in such an otherwise authoritative work. When you become an accomplished fly fisherman I beg of you not to add your JANUAEY, 1919 FOREST AND S T R E A :\1 23 bit to the one unfortunate rift in the big family of sportsmen and gentlemen who compose the trout fishing company of the world. Have your discussions and wax warm in the defense of your theories, but always remember that all the methods are good and all are right. You may most enjoy wet-fiy fishing and I dry-fiy fishing, and we each have a sneaking feeling that our own method is really the only best way, but as we both fish both ways successfully let us not become enemies over the matter. room for a back cast quite as long as you wish, shooting the line helps to over- come this. I believe also that it is much easier to cast a light fiy in this way; your fly cannot slap down on the water if you shoot your line. This may not be the “cure-all” that I consider it, but I assure you it is worth looking into. Another thing that is not mentioned in the books is what I call “feeling your line” on the back cast. By this I mean that just before your line straightens out behind you, if you move your rod for a minute and then, rushing on, cast there a few times, as if they were afraid that some one might catch up with them, and cast a fly in some water ahead of them. The consequence is that neither they nor any one else gets any fish. Still another very unfortunate thing to do is to stop near the stream in a place where a man is casting, in such a position that the fish may see one; this is often done by some admiring person who would not be rude intention- ally for anything in the world ; however. In midwinter the angler dreams of the many different ways of fishing that eddy just above the big round rock AS to learning how to cast — well, I tried to learn from books, and spent a whole winter practising faithfully; my results were very indif- ferent. One day I went fishing with an expert, and I learned more in the first ten minutes of watching him than I had learned out of a half a dozen books. However, what I learned from the books became more and more useful as I watched my expert friend. I could tell you what motions to make in order to cast, but I could not make you feel that indescribable rhythm — if that is the word — that makes you put the life into your rod at just the right instant so that the line will fly out easily, and carry the extra five feet you hold in your left hand through the guides, allowing the fly to drop lightly on the water. Why is it that the authorities do not lay more emphasis on “shooting the line”? This means that you hold a loop of the line in your left hand (if you cast with your right) and just as the line straightens out in the air in front of you, release the line in your left hand, allowing the weight of the rest of the line to carry it out through the guides. It is surprising how much line can be shot out this way; and where there is not tip just a little bit forward you will feel the line pull on it; that is the in- stant when the forward cast should be- gin. A good caster does this without realizing it, as you will notice if you watch him carefully. The forward move- ment of your tip should be barely per- ceptible, and should not take place until you think the line is almost entirely straightened out behind you. JUST a word in conclusion about the etiquette of the trout stream. If you think it is wise to be polite and gen- tlemanly in the drawing room, let me assure you it is doubly desirable to be scrupulously so on the trout stream. I have seen the most shocking behavior when fishing on certain streams and the most delightful good manners on other streams, and the day’s pleasure is very closely connected with this matter. For instance, on one stream I know of it is a very common occurrence for one to be quietly casting over a pool, when sud- denly some unseen hand will swing a baited hook out into the water just where one is fishing; a man that perpetrates an action of that kind is no better than a swine. Other people will go crashing along the bank of a stream casting here to the man who is trying to catch the fish, this is very annoying. Always be thoughtful of the other angler. If you know some stream well from having fished it many times, and meet some stranger on it, tell him what flies are considered most taking, and either show him or direct him to the best pools and riffles on the stream. If he has not the proper flies, and you have several of them, you may rest assured that it will pay you to give him one, or even more, if you can. I have been the re- cipient of such favors on a trout stream, and I have also done like favors for others. The best place to learn trout fishing is on the stream with a brother angler, and if you are generous and polite your opportunities for learning will be many. Try to remember that there are plenty of trout in the world for all of us, and when you have helped the other man catch his, you will enjoy catching yours all the more. Let us all try to make our streams pleasanter places, and make trout fishing the most gentlemanly and sportsmanlike pastime, by being true dis- ciples of Izaak Walton — the most per- fect angler of all time — and helping to make others so by our good examples. 24 FOREST AND STREAM January, 1919 FOREST STREAM FORTY-EIGHTH YEAR FOUNDERS OF THE AUDUBON SOCIETY GOVERNING BOARD: GEORGE BIRD GRINNELL, New York, N. Y. CARL E. AKELEY. American Museum of Natural History, New York FRANK S. DAGGETT, Museum of Science, Los Angeles, Cal. EDMUND HELLER, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C. C. HART MERRIAM, Biological Survey, Washington, D. C. WILFRED H. OSGOOD, Field Museum of Natural History. Chicago, 111. JOHN M. PHILLIPS, Pennsylvania Game Commission, Pittsburgh, Pa. CHARLES SHELDON, Washington, D. C. GEORGE SHIRAS, 3rd. Washington. D. C. WILLIAM BRUETTE, Editor TOM WOOJO, Manager Nine East Fortieth Street. New York City THE OBJECT OF THIS JOURNAL WILL BE TO studiously promote a healthful interest in outdoor re- creation, and a refined taste for natural objects. August 14, 1873. JOHN LYON JOHN LYON, associate editor of Forest and Stream, a Lieutenant in Machine Gun Company 116th Virginia Infantry, was killed in action in France, October sixteenth. John Lyon was twenty-five years of age, the son of Frank Lyon, a Washin^on attorney, whose home is at Lyonhurst, Virginia. He was a graduate of the high schools of Washington, a student of the Uni- versity of Virginia and did his first newspaper work on the Alexander county Monitor, which was owned by his father. From the Monitor he went to the Washington Times and later joined the editorial staff of Forest and Stream, and soon became an im- portant factor in the affairs of the magazine. His writings in the various positions which he oc- cupied attracted the attention of older journalists, and a brilliant future was predicted for him in his chosen work, for he was a keen observer and a skill- ful analyst, whose natural brilliancy of style was al- ways tempered by that kindly sympathy for the feel- ings of all humanity which distinguishes writers who extend their sphere of influence in the world of letters. John Lyon hated war. His mind revolted from its brutalities and its savagery. He was not attracted by its glory or its fame but he was unflinchingly loyal to the call of patriotism — spontaneously responsive to every call of justice and ready to champion the rights of Humanity. When word came that the Teutonic hordes were pouring over the borders of Belgium and France, John Lyon sailed. He served in the American Am- bulance corps. Returning to America he joined the forces that were sent to the Mexican border. When the American Expeditionary Forces went overseas he declined a commission and enlisted as a private, and was successively advanced to the rank of Lieu- tenant. John Lyon was indeed a worthy son of Virginia — a state of noble traditions and of educational insti- tutes dedicated by Jefferson and Lafayette to the cause of human liberty. Beneath the gentle, courteous reserve of John Lyon there burned the fires of an immortal loyalty to all that is high and noble. He loved life, but more than he loved life he loved Human Liberty. Had he willed to die he would have chosen the place where he lies — the fields of France where for two thousand years men have poured out their hearts’ blood in the cause of Civilization. AN IDEAL OF LIFE ■^HE new year opens up with the assurance of ^ Peace and a promise of Prosperity. It also pre- sents obligations born of the lessons which the Great War has brought home to us. We have learned among other things that the world will not tolerate tyranny or bad sportsmanship. The slaughter which the war has entailed has bom into human consciousness a sense of Justice and loyalty to Right which finds expression through every channel of human activity. Forest and Stream readers have always raised their voices against “Hunism” in relation to wild life and in the years have led many movements for the protection of our natural resources — too many to enumerate here. The now famous Audubon So- ciety was inaugurated and for several years wholly supported by Forest and Stream. The Migratory Bird Law came as the result of the thought and effort of our editors. The preservation of Yellow- stone Park as a pleasure ground for the nation was the work of this magazine which for twelve years conducted a systematic campaign against a powerful syndicate that sought to exploit the natural beauties of the region for personal gain. Glacier National Park is another monument to the untiring endeavor of Forest and Stream to establish and maintain this wonderful work of na- ture as a National Park. In all these constructive enterprises Forest and Stream, its readers, its con- tributors ^nd its editors have worked together whole heartedly and we feel will continue to do so. There is much to be done abroad, but let us not forget that there is much to be done at home in preserving and protecting our natural resources. We must remember that we are not “given dominion over all the earth” in order that we may ruthlessly plundei’ and appropriate, but that we may above all protect and preserve the beauties and bounties of nature. The War has emphasized the great mistake of Januaey, 1919 FOREST AND S T R E A ]\1 25 wastefulness. Peace cannot thrive among a people where there are hearts that are wanton in their waste, where the rights of the generations that are to come are unconsidered. The sportsman is as careful to observe all the unwritten as well as the written laws of sport as he would be careful to observe the code of honor between himself and his fellow-men. There is an unwritten code of honor that outranks that between man and man. It is the sense of Honor that a man demonstrates when he refuses to take an unfair advantage of even a wild animal. Many things can be done toward developing sports. Weapons can be improved, equipment de- veloped, and shooting practiced until marksman- ship is certain, thus eliminating the chance of wounding without killing the wild things. In some of the boys’ schools throughout the country the prac- tice of trap-shooting has been instituted and it is an excellent thing. It teaches a boy control of his muscles; steadies his nerves, make his aim sure; disciplines his tendencies to waste because it im- plants in his mind a sense of decision and directness which aids in preserving time and material. The debt we owe to Nature is almost beyond our power to repay. Nature has stored up fuel for our comfort; minerals for our use; even jewels for our adornment. She warms with her golden sun- light, and her fruits and grains furnish us with sustenance; her trees shelter us; her rivers and forests yield their bounty that we may be housed and fed. To despoil nature needlessly is the worst kind of vandalism. Nature teaches us love and faith and truth be- cause Nature is always reliable. Have we not seen year after year from frozen earth’s dark bosom the tall green grasses rise, the fairest flowers bloom? Nature proclaims the integrity of the universe through her laws of grovTh ; her recurring seasons ; her rhjThmic flow of time and tide. And Nature gives us beauty so great that neither poets’ words nor artists’ brush can depict it. The nature festivals that have come down to us through all the ages, and are reflected in modern life by days of rejoicing and of thanksgiving connect us with the Past through a common love — the love of Nature the Great Mother feeding her children from the fullness of her bosom. This is the ideal of life which Forest and Stream has always stood for. It is the policy of construc- tion which the New Order demands. The Old Order — symbolized by Hunism — has vanished. The New Order has come; it is parented by the larger vision which lives not for itself alone but for the race that is to be. Forest and Stream points to the fact that this ideal has always been our aim. As long as we have the commendation and the support of our readers as we have had in the past in our effort to preserve and protect the blessings and beauties of Nature, we will continue to voice the “call of the wild” — not as a vandal ground, but as a play-ground. For one thing is ceii;ain — the superman when he shall arrive will be a nature man, a lover of forest and stream. May the year be filled with healthy joy; with love and service to Life. THE SALE OF TROPHIES HE suggestion that laws be passed forbidding the sale of the heads of game animals has called forth considerable criticism from some readers. To those who sell such trophies and to some of those who wish to buy them, the passage of such laws appears a hardship. In a way it is, but in civilized society people are obliged to submit to many restric- tions of their liberty, because such restrictions make for the greater comfort of their fellowmen. Even today, throughout the United States multitudes of people regard it as a real hardship that they are not rtee to purchase game to eat; yet to a majority of those interested in game protection it has seemed imperative that the sale of game should be forbidden, to the end that its destruction may no longer be profitable to the market shooter and the market dealer. Mounted heads of big game make attractive orna- ments for the home and such heads are often pur- chased to hang on their walls by men who never saw the animals in life and who care nothing for hunting. If the demand for such heads was suf- ficient, no doubt men would go out to kill game animals for the sole purpose of selling their heads. For many years past men have made it a practice to kill elk for no better reason than that each elk furnishes canine teeth which are marketable. One autumn, a good many years ago, in British Columbia, we saw a pile of thirty-five magnificent sheep heads that had been killed the winter before by a local hunter to sell to taxidermists. He had not got around to skinning and cleaning the heads when warm weather came and the whole lot spoiled and he made no profit. The flesh, if we recollect aright, he said he had brought down to feed to the neighbors’ hogs. Still a good many years ago, the only herd of wild buffalo remaining in the United States was almost exterminated by a man who, it was generally be- lieved, had been hired by a taxidermist to kill these animals for their heads. At this time it was said that buffalo heads were worth $300 each. Only a few years since heads of the giant moose were killed in Alaska for shipment to taxidermists, and it became necessary for the United States Gov- ernment to forbid the export of such heads from the territory. One characteristic of a good sportsman is that he considers the rights and pleasures of his fellow- man as well as his own rights and pleasures. We believe that while it may cause some hardship and some waste of trophies to forbid the sale of game heads, nevertheless, such laws will be for the greatest good of the greatest number, and these are the peo- ple to be considered. AN AFTER-THE-WAR CASTING TOURNAMENT pr ROM British anglers comes the suggestion of a big International Fly and Bait Casting Tournament as one of the Peace celebrations. At that time there will be many anglers from America and in fact, the whole civilized world, in England and on the con- tinent, and a tournament somewhere in the neigh- borhood of London would attract many lovers of the sport of casting. Forest and Stream approves very heartily of the idea and we would be glad to hear the opinions of our readers. The preparation of an international tournament is a matter of sev- eral months, and if the idea is to materialize it is high time for something to be done. We should be happy to register the names of any who would like to support the movement. The contest would be open to all lovers of the sport. 26 FOREST AND STREAM January, 1919 AT HOME WITH THE BLUE-EYED SHAGS THE CRESTED CORMORANTS ARE THE FISHERFOLK OF THE FAR SOUTH AND EKE OUT A PROSPEROUS EXISTENCE AMONG ICE-BOUND. ROCKY. WINDSWEPT SHORES Among the few kinds of birds which have adapted themselves to the severe conditions of life along Ant- arctic ocean fronts is a group of white- breasted, blue-backed, crested cormor- ants. Long of wind, strong of wing, and capable of climbing and walking upright along slippery ledges of coastal cliffs, the cormorants are at home in three ele- ments. They are par excellence the fish- erfolk of the Far South, and so well fitted have they proved themselves to eke out a prosperous existence in the lands of gales, ice, and rock-bristling shores, that they have spread their range clear around the southern end of the world, until some representative of the group has come to inhabit each one of the chain of islands that encircles the Antarctic. All of these cormorants are characterized by a ring of bright blue, naked skin about the eye, whence the common name. Blue-eyed Shag. At the Bay of Isles, in blustery South Georgia, I met the Blue-eyed Shags in the southern spring of 1912. The wild fjords of this arm of the sea are bounded by steep and icy mountains, but the bay itself is dotted with low,' fiat-topped islets on which an ice-cap never forms, and which are kept clear of new snow by the denuding violence of the wind. On the precipitous faces of these isles the shags build their homes. About the last of December (the June of the Antarctic), I made the difficult landing on the lee side of the smallest islet in the Bay of Isles, and scrambled up the face of its rocky wall. It consisted of a rugged little pile of strata, tipped on edge, channeled by many gorges and pools into which the waves surged, swashing back and forth the long strands of kelp and other sea- weeds. On the plateau at the top of the cliff the rock proved to be covered with thick black soil, and a luxuriant growth of tussock grass, which was swarming with those minute and lowly-organized insects, the “springtails” or Collembola. A pair of Antarctic pipits (the southern- most of songbirds) inhabited the islet, and also a few burrowing whale-birds {Prion) ; but the principal residents were the shags, whose nests lined the rocky and grassy ledges all over the northerly or sunny face of the islet’s declivity. The courtship of the shags seemed to be progressing while the nests were build- ing. I saw one pair standing side by side on their unfinished home, and curts- rHE Natural History Depart- ment has been for nearly half a century a clearing-house for in- formation of interest to all. Our readers are invited to send any questions that come under the head of this department to Robert Cush- man Murphy, in care of Forest AND Stream. Mr. Murphy, who is Curator of the Department of Na- tural Science in the Brooklyn Museum, will answer through these columns. — [ Editors. ] Photo by Robert Cushman Murphy At top, brooding female, showing the tremulations of the throat; center, two newly hatched young, lying characteristically flat on their backs; below, female shag with same young birds at the age of forty-nine days eying. They would put their cheeks close together, bow down their heads and necks, then, twisting their necks, put the other cheeks together in the same way, and curtsey again. After this graceful min- uet had been continued for several min- utes the male would launch off on a short, exuberant flight, from which he would soon return to resume the love- making. The nests were steep-sided, truncated cones of mud and withered tussock grass, with a rather deep depression. Some were situated on the tops of dead tus- sock hummocks, others on the shelves of lichen-covered rock, with long icicles overhanging them. Many contained sets of two or three greenish eggs, others young birds just hatched or a few days old, and still another held three full- grown fledgings which had lost nearly all their down. Both parents seemed to be together at all of the nests. I lifted off one female, which had been brooding with her wings spread, and discovered a blind, black, and unclad shaglet, the eggshell from which it had just crawled, and another egg not yet broken open. It was impossible to keep either parent away from the nest, although the male was less brave than his mate. Both were very gentle, not attempting to defend themselves ; they merely watched me sharply with their close-set, blue-rimmed eyes. The only note that they uttered was a low croak. They kept their bills parted, however, the mandible and throat trembling violently, just as w’hen one’s teeth chatter. When I tossed them aside in order to see the nestling, they would fly back immediately, and the female would plump right into the nest. The ugly baby, the cause of all this solicitude, acted as though it were in a violent tem- per. Perhaps it was cold. It kicked about so that I could scarcely photograph it, rolling its belly upward, jerking it- self around the nest cavity, squeaking loudly all the while. A FEW days later I visited the islet again. The shags still seemed to be enraptured lovers, for they were all together in pairs and were twist- ing and curving their sinuous necks with- out cessation. Most of the eggs had hatched. Some of the nestlings w’ere just beginning to sprout their ducky down, and horribly ugly little monsters they were, with their black bodies, pink throats, blue bills, and Hottentot tufts all over their shiny turtlish forms. They Januaky, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 27 NOTES ON SHORE BIRDS By J. T. N. V — Least and Semipalmated Sandpipers were well guarded by their parents, how- ever. I saw one pair attack and bite the neck of a neighbor which had alighted on their particular crag. I noted again that the females were more unselfish and devoted than the males and seem entirely fearless. The females, which clung so tenaci- ously to the nests, their mandibles trem- bling as they watched me, were exqui- sitely gentle creatures. The males al- ways stood on the far side of their mates so as to avoid possible danger, but the brooding mothers allowed me to stroke their backs without moving. The color- ing of these birds was as rich as could be imagined- — glossy blue, violet, and me- tallic green on the upper surface; im- maculate white on throat and breast. A line of pure white feathers extended also along the inner border of the wing. The wart-like excrescences above the bill were of a deep chrome yellow, and, the iris was brown, surrounded first by a choco- late cornea and then by the cyanine blue of the lid. I offered a small dead fish to one brooder. It was accepted imme- diately, but was dropped again, doubt- less because it was stale. IT was many days before I once again visited the shag colony. All through the midsummer month of January, however, we saw the birds from the ship as they plunged from their rocks into the kelp for fish, or swam about among the areas of floe ice. When rising into flight, they kicked heavily along the sur- face for a considerable distance. They flew in string formation, a dozen or more together, and often spread their broad feet to serve as an adjunct to the tail, particularly when stopping headway. Their flight seemed to be more or less aimless, for they traveled in circles, as a rabbit runs. Finally, on February 16, I climbed the shag rock for the last time. The young- sters had begun to acquire greenish quills and white breasts, and were wandering away from the nests among the high tus- sock hummocks. They had a low, mel- low whistle which they repeated over and over, swelling out their throats. The breeding ledges were foul with decayed fish remains and excreta. The parents were rather less confident than when the young were more helpless, but the fe- males as usual showed less timidity than the males. In March, the end of summer, when we pointed our good ship’s prow north- ward toward warmer seas, many of the adult shags were still caressing and curtseying on their cliff-built homes. R. C. M. THE RING-NECKED SNAKE Mr. HOWARD K. GREEN, of Brook- lyn, N. Y., was turning over rocks for bass bait at Greenwood Lake, N. Y., when he uncovered a snake that was new to him. “The unfamiliar creep- er,” he writes, “found coiled under a small flat stone, on high ground two hundred feet from a small stream, was ‘battleship- gray’ in color, less than a foot longj^ and SCARCELY larger than sparrows, ex- cept for their longer wings, these are the smallest of our shore-birds. They are also the most abundant and the least wary, and are often the constant com- panions of the gunner waiting in a blind for larger birds. At times they will come nicely to the decoys set out for larger birds, and at other times seem to pay no attention to them. The two species are difficult to separate in life and are known to baymen on Long Island indiscriminately as Oxeyes. The Semipalmate is a little the larger of the two, its colors paler, grayer, less brown. Perhaps the easiest way to tell the two apart in life is by the color of the legs. which vary from yellow to dull green in the Least, appearing darker and blackish in the Semipalmate. Though frequently found mixed together in the same flocks, when one learns to distinguish the two it is sur- prising to find how different their habits. Though some of their notes are similar, the common loud flight call of the Least, kreep, is quite different from that of the Semipalmate, chrruk. The Semipalmates are the stronger fliers, the flocks being more given to wheeling about in the air. They are also the more active on the ground, and scatter less when feeding. possessed a pretty orange-colored band across the back of the neck — just back of where head and body join.” This serpent was undoubtedly the Ring- necked Snake (Diadophis punctatus), a species distributed from southeastern Can- ada to Florida, and westward from the Atlantic seaboard to Michigan, Ohio, and Tennessee. It is by no means a rare snake, but is almost exclusively nocturnal in its habits, and is rarely seen unless it is acci- dentally unearthed. Its feeding habits are beneficial from an agricultural standpoint, and of course it is perfectly harmless and Both species feed on the marsh as well as on the flats (and occasionally on the beach) but the Semipalmates do not scatter through the grass so as to be flushed one at a time as the Least often do. Moving north in the spring, Semipalmates are often present in numbers a week or two after the Leasts have gone( that is, into June, and they do not return in the southward migration until a week or two later than the other species, or as late as the twen- tieth of July. Speaking in general for the vicinity of New York City, they outnumber the Leasts about two to one, and this is generally true on the fresh water meadows inland as well as coastwise. The Western Sandpiper, Pacific coast representative of the Semipalmate, is strangely enough not infrequently found associated in small numbers with its eastern relative, on the Atlantic coast. It may be recognized by its much longer bill, decided- ly exceeding the head in length. In southward migration the fresh-plumaged young of this species are whiter about the head than the eastern bird, and have, more- over, diagnostic brick-red or rusty tinges in the plumage ; but the more or less worn adults scarcely differ in color from the other species. inoffensive. Mr. Green’s specimen was probably a young one, although even the adults seldom exceeded two feet in length.* Considerable variation is shown by the ring-necked snake. Some of them are nearly black, and the ring is often buff or whitish instead of orange. In most Long Island examples, moreover, the ring is only one scale, or one scale and a half, in width, while specimens from New England usually have strongly marked rings three scales in width. Near New York this snake has frequent- ly been found in woods adjoining bogs. 28 FOREST AND S T R E A M January, 1919 From An Old Hunter Last winter Forest and Stream pub- lished a bunch of letters from out- doormen, telling various methods of keeping the feet warm in cold weather. I did not see among them mention of an old-fashioned cure for cold feet that I have known ever since I was a boy. It is simply to sprinkle a plentiful dose of cayenne pepper in the shoes before inserting the feet in them, so that the pepper comes between the socks and the leather. I have never known this to fail and it is a very easy remedy to try. I do a little trapping now and then and sometimes I shoot a skin when I am not expecting any fur. I have found that a good dressing of wood ashes well rubbed into the raw skin will keep it in fair order until it can be better cured with salt. This is a handy thing for fall campers to know, for it is not a pleasant thing to find some amateur trapper has used up all the camp supply of salt on some little worthless skin. Joe Jennings, Detroit, Mich. A Real Oilskin Waterproof Coat Here are details of making a real oilskin or waterproof coat guaran- teed to turn water in the severest storm. Get a good, strong twill (white pre- ferred) butcher’s long coat, two sizes larger than ordinary fit preferred, so as to allow plenty of room. First attend to the pockets. There may be too many, or some without flaps, and, unless pro- vided with flaps, the water will accumu- late in the pockets. Have it washed to clear out all dressing. Now get half a gallon of best boiled linseed-oil and half-pint of driers, mix the two together, and paint the outside of the coat with the mixture, working it well into the seams, but not too much oil. Now hang up to dry in open air or a room with good draught. It will take two to three weeks to dry thor- oughly. Then give another coat of oil and allow this to dry, and another coat of oil and allow to dry. • Should a black coat be required, mix lampblack in the last coating; for khaki, use ochre. In this way you can make overalls, waders, leggings, and sou’-westers. A good black dressing, and one that is thoroughly recommended, is boiled oil and lampblack, one quart; white of five eggs; one ounce of beeswax. Melt all together and paint as before, allowing each coating to dry thoroughly. This is the main point in making oilskins. With a little scheming a lining or storm cuffs can be added and a coat fit for anywhere or any storm can be made. J. W. Matthews, Wigan, England. Knife Knowledge WE moderns have but a vague idea of the variety of uses to which knives were put in ancient times. Before the Christian era, the Chinese used them even as money. Their cur- rency, or at least a part of it, consisted of a blade and handle resembling our modern silver dining-table knife. It was called tao coin, or knife-money, and bore the inscription “to exchange for mer- chandise.” Perhaps one of the oddest knives ever seen is the one used by the natives of E are depending upon the friends and admirers of our old correspondent Nessmuk to make this department worthy of his name. No man knew the woods better than Nessmuk or wrote of them with quainter charm. Many of his practical ideas on camping and “going light” have been adopt- ed by the United States Army; his canoe has been preserved in the Smithsonian Institution; and we hope that all good woodsmen ivill contribute to this department their Hints and Kinks and trail-tested contrivances. — Editors. Central Africa. A side view of it re- minds one of a large sun-perch ; it cuts on each side, like a double-bitted axe, and its handle is made for two hands. It is a far cry from that primitive half- axe knife to the neat, serviceable hunting knife of today. The modem American sportsman smiles at the comparison, fondles the sheath at his belt, and con- gratulates himself on the possession of an all-purpose knife. But is there such a thing as an all-pur- pose knife? Hardly. When one counts up all the uses to which a hunter puts his knife, he must see that no one blade could answer for all — except in a crude way. Generally speaking, a hunter can foresee the principal uses for a knife, and if these are not too many can choose one that will answer; but it will not be equally good for all these uses, and may be decidedly unsuitable for one or more of them. Hunting knives are not so expensive that a man need confine his possession to one blade. The average sportsman can afford several; and if his activities in forest and field are at all varied, he will find an assortment decidedly convenient. I have never favored the substitution of a knife for a belt axe. It is true that you can buy a brush knife that will stand nearly anything. You may cut out a trail, cut off a deer’s skull and antlers, etc.; but for some uses of an axe no knife will quite answer, and there is sel- dom reason why it should, since a belt axe is an important part of a hunting outfit. A typical brush knife with sheath weighs something over two pounds, and this sheath usually has to be made to order, costing from $2 to $3. The bowie type of knife is not as pop- ular as formerly. The later made knives have an indefinable balance and comfort- able “feel” in the hand that the knives of yesterday lacked. Perhaps the main thing that relegated the bowie was the waning of "its popularity as a weapon. No knife is dependable in fighting large animals, but it took the sporting world a long time to learn it. In a large per- centage of cases a rib will deflect the blade, and it is not uncommon for a man to hurt himself with the knife worse than he does the animal. Still the 5% -inch bowie blade remains popular with many hunters, and if they find it satisfactory it certainly is the knife for them. All hunters have to have a knife for skinning, whether they have any other or not. This need not be heavier than a large jack-knife. The blade should be thin and about 5 inches long, handle 4% inches. Of course, it should have the rounded point so desirable in skinning, and the blade must run through the han- dle and be riveted. No hunter w’ho han- dles pelts can afford to be without a skin- ning knife, especially w'hen it costs, with sheath, not more than $1.50. The real skinning knife is a trifle long and slender for general-purpose use, but there is a knife on the market that has most of the skinning knife’s virtues, and considerably ipore strength. The blade is a half inch shorter, and enough thicker to carry strength for prying, or breaking sticks, bones, etc., with the back. Near the handle the back of the blade is check- ered, w'hich gives the thumb a good grip. The folding knife has many good points. One sportsman W'ho favors this style says that he finds the 4-inch blade best, and that it should have a bone saw on the back. The blade should lock, but the lock must be flush with the handle. Most sportsmen concede that for all- round camp use, the army and navy knife January, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 29 is unexcelled. It has two good blades of different size, a can opener, a corkscrew, and a screwdriver. The latest ones, I think, are even more complete. Knives should be kept sharp, clean and bright; and when not in use the sheath is the place for a knife. Observance of this rule will save many accidents. L. E. Eubanks, Seattle, Wash. To Kill Insect Specimens I HAVE quite a collection of butter- flies and other insects which I collect in the summertime as a vacation hobby. A good way to kill them is to sprinkle a little strong dry mustard in the box with them. This acts very quickly and is always to be obtained. C. H. Wi'NDSOR, Ithaca, N. Y. Shifts and Expedients '^HIS is the way I clean my rifle when baggage is limited, to save weight. The rifle must be a take-down or one that can be cleaned from the breech. Say the barrel is 30 inches long, I get a one piece wire cleaning rod with bristle end, I cut this down three inches longer than half the barrel length, that is 18 inches. Then with a piece of fine emery cloth I work the rod down slick and smooth and close to the end I file notches. Now in cleaning my long black powder rifle, I scrub thoroughly with hot water, using the bristle end inserted in one end as far as it will go, then in the other end. For drying I make a loop in the middle of a length of cuttyhunk fishing line, tie a loop in one end and wrap a thin piece of lead around the other end for a weight. In the loop in the middle I put drying flannel and the string can be pulled either way through the barrel. For oiling the inside of the barrel I tie a patch of thin muslin on the end of the notched rod, after first wiping the rod perfectly dry. The inside can be greased just as it was washed, first one half and then the other. This is a make shift that is reliable. STRIP OF Old felt hat sewn into top) 'F SHEATH TO HOLD KNIFE IN PLACE.- — ^ I made a good knife sheath out of a piece of leather cut shield shape and folded down the middle. The outer edges were held together by three rivets. Length of sheath to correspond with length of blade and at the top of the sheath inside I sewed a piece of old felt hat; this keeps the knife in the sheath when you bend over. In the back of the sheath I cut two slits to let my belt pass through. This is a good sheath for the family or camp bread knife, as a sharp blade should never be without some sort of protection. If you have nothing better wrap the blade in a piece of pa- per before packing it- with other cutlery. A dull bread knife is an abomination, as is any dull blade in camp. There are many ways of caring for a gun in camp, but I never found any- thing better than the old idea of two crotched sticks driven in the ground at the right distance apart, depending en- tirely on the length of the weapon. They can be whatever height is desired but have them high enough so that the damp- ness of the ground cannot affect the gun. Do not make the mistake of thinking that because a gun is in its case it is always allright under any weather con- ditions. If the weather is damp for a few days take the gun out and look care- fully for rust, for nobody is infallible and you may not have oiled the weapon as thoroughly as you think. .IiM Ferguson, Englewood, N. J. To Wash Fish Kettles WE all know how the odor of fish penetrates everything with which it comes in contact, and that kettles or frying pans in which it has been cooked frequently pass the odor on to the next article of food cooked in them, unless especial care be taken. In camp we usually get enough of fish without flavor- ing other things with it. In a traveling camp one can scrub the pan with sand and then heat thoroughly until dry, but when in a permanent camp the follow- ing method is better : Let the kettle soak in cold water to which has been added a little dry ammonia or washing soda. This comes put up in handy packages that can safely be carried anywhere. Then wash clean, set on the stove with cold water and a little washing soda, and let the water boil gently a few moments. This will freshen it and remove all odor. W. C. Hovey, Gloucester, Mass. A Snowshoe Harness WE often see some brother’s idea of a snowshoe harness so I will do my bit and the enclosed is the idea. The fault we find with most harnesses is with the buckles or tieing. This affair has neither and is readily adjusted. To put on the shoe drop it down sideways to you, put your foot through the loops, pull them up over the heel, turn the foot and shove the toes under toe strap and they are on to stay. To remove them do the same things on the reverse. This outfit will not ball up and gives you full control of your feet. The best shoes I ever found are made by a man in Maine. They are not only pleasing to the eye but will stand far more abuse than a pack mule. Snowshoes are to the man of the north like the life boat to the sailor, and no little care should be exercised in selecting the proper kind of the proper stuff to stand the grief of the trail. Jay Lee, Wn. Cure for a Sticky Line The following is the cure for a sticky line that I received from an English friend some months ago. In these days of difficulty in getting tackle and the in- creased cost thereof, the tip, I hope, will help some of your readers to get a little extra service out of their lines. Coil the line into a box or tin with a lid. Put in about half a teaspoonful of talcum pow- der (a face or toilet powder). Put on lid and shake the box or tin to distribute the powder over the line. Then pass the line through finger and thumb to force the powder into the dressing. Repeat if any stickiness remains. The line can be used immediately. It is about eight months ago since I treated a sticky line, and I have fished with it since. The line is now free of all stickiness, and there is no appearance of any harm having been done to the line. The powder when thus applied to the line is, I believe, non-solu- ble. If any of your readers try the tal- cum, I hope they will let us know the result. R. J. B., San Francisco. 30 FOR E S T A X 1) S T R E A M January, 1919 THE BORING OF SHOT GUNS To the Editor of Forest and Stream: I HAVE seen much trifling discussion about the boring of shot guns. I am a victim in this respect myself. I have an old pattern 12-gauge 28-inch Ithaca with Hght barrel full choke and left nearly open. I took the gun to a gun- smith and had the right barrel bored out full cylinder. I call it the “game getter.” Now the right barrel spits out half the load on the ground about twenty yards from the gun and the rest of the load goes on and does the work. It is a good piece of hardware, but with a leather cheek pad (it has a 3-inch drop and almost no comb) and %-inch of American walnut glued onto the end of the stock, it is not handsome. I have a Sauer $125 grade ejector, 12-gauge, bought on condition that the right barrel should be made “improved cylinder.” They had my money and the gun was sent down 14-gauge at the muzzle. Had it weighed one pound more it would have been a good gun on ducks. Its weight is 6% pounds. I took the advice of a dealer and had it bored out- cylinder. Since then it won’t make a pattern with No. 8 shot at 20 yards ! Incompetency and irresponsibility are rampant and $1.50 gross is sufficient in- ducement to a gun store man to ruin your $100 gun. If you have a gun which shoots too close do the work yourself. Split a rod a foot long down about 5 inches; insert a wedge; wrap it 3 inches over the split part with cloth; oil this well; cover it with emery dust and turn it in the muzzle of the gun. Shoot it half a dozen times. Put on more wrap- ping and try it again. Sometimes this can be done with a clothes pin — don’t hold me responsible. My advice is never take all the choke out of a 28-inch 12-bore. I had a 30- inch 12, cylinder bore, which shot per- fectly. Everyone should know that the secret of the value of a choke is that it retards the wad. It has been demonstrated that, at 2 feet from the muzzle, the photo- graph of a load from a cylinder barrel shows the wad driven into the load; the load about % inch long and mushroom- ing over the edges of the wad. The wad thus acts as a “spreader” and scatters the load. Photo of load from choked gun under same conditions shows the load 1% inches long with the wad following behind completely separated from the load. The lesson is that the wad is what spoils the shooting of the gun. If the wads were burned up just as the charge leaves the muzzle the cylinder bore would shoot nearly as close as the choke. The shorter the barrel the more imperative is the necessity for some choke. My theory is that in a longer barrel the shot charge bounces off the wad by its own inertia, when fairly started, as it gets going, thus freeing itself very slightly from the wad — just as a ball bounces off a brassey when you go through with a full swing. I would like to see an experiment tried with, say, 36, 33, 30, 28 and 26-inch bar- rels. Thus we would find out the ideal length of cylinder barrels and the neces- sary choke for ordinary short ones. And we would know whether the hypothesis, that, as the load proceeds the relation between shot and wads changes, is cor- rect. As regards our old bored-out guns — can anything be done with them? I am looking for a metallurgist who can tell me whether he can produce an alloy which can be plated into the last three inches of the muzzle thick enough and strong enough to allow a reboring to the gauge required. I know of a 4-bore, single barrel, where the owner cut six inches off the muzzle, cut a thread on the barrel and screwed a choked piece on it from another gun, and the gun did good service. What is the next new thing in bor- ing? I have put the suggestion up to the two greatest American firms and am awaiting their reply. W. M. E., Baltimore. GROUSE IN MICHIGAN To the Editor of Forest and Stream: YOU might be interested to know that the ruffed grouse are un- doubtedly on the increase in this section. There is a closed season on them this year and if weather conditions are favor- able during breeding season next spring and next year is also made a closed sea- son, there will be good chances for this fine bird not to become simply a mem- ory. E. Church, Houghton, Mich. A SILENT COMPANION To the Editor of Forest and Stream : JUST think of hunting and fishing with a fellow since the days of Rowland Robinson and never speaking to him. A chap may have gathered in a life time quite a number and variety of old friends with whom he has caught various kinds of fish or hunted different kinds of game, and as he recalls them one by one he finds a warm spot for them all — each and every one whose companionship has con- tributed to make memorable a day in the woods or on the water. Such friends are all the good sporting magazines, old, tried, and dependable companions with whom month by month I have hunted and fished these many years. Of them all you are the oldest. From boyhood I have hunted and fished with you. You have taken me to all parts of North America with side trips to the tropics. You have taught me, exposed my faults and advised me in correcting many of them. You have consoled me in my per- plexities and disappointments. And yet, ungrateful though it may seem, I have never until now replied to thank you or express my appreciation. It is all of thirty-five years since I began using my first shotgun and de- vouring Forest and Stream whenever I could find it. That was some years ago, but before I close I must tell you about that first gun. I found it, abandoned by a departed tenant in the shed of a house belonging to my father. At least I had a gun of my own. The fact that there was no hammer was fully compensated by the discovery nearby of an old fashioned cobbler’s hammer head. A stick for a handle and it was complete. I could find shot, caps and paper at home — only one difficulty to surmount. Father’s powder was not accessible and orders not to touch it were strict. A happy thought — there was blasting powder, used to break up bowlders and split logs, in a tin canister in the store room. Too coarse? Well, there was the coffee grinder in the shed of the vacant house where the gun was found. Everything coming my way now. The old gun was cleaned with the long ram rod under the barrel — a strong blow at the muzzle showed the tube to be open. A small handful of powder well shaken to fill the tube — some paper on top — a half handful of shot — more paper — a few kernels of powder pricked into the tube, a cap, and hammer in hand we march out to shoot the first bird or beast — not particular what kind — large or small. New difficulties ! Muzzle wobbled two feet each way. Further expedients required. A crotched stick solves the problem. And now we go forth to hunt. First victim a night hawk on a fence, range 40 to 50 feet. Crotch is set up,’ gun mounted, hammer extracted from pocket and banged do^^m on cap. Puff!! Gun goes off — night hawk also. Air full of burning particles of powder and pa- January, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 31 per. Keen disappointment, but renewed determination. More practice and then after several failures down comes a sparrow. We get closer to our game and shoot a “chipmunk.” Then a “red- der,” and an appetite which thirty-five years has failed to appease was created. I had a good time with that old gun, more than I’ve ever had with my good old Parker and that is saying something. All that fall I carried it when hunting up the cows, until my father discovered my cache in a dry place under a ledge beyond the lane where I could conveni- ently get or leave it together with my munitions and not expose it by carrying it through the lane. Dad was a true philosopher. “Guess the boy is bound to have a gun anyway and I might as well let him use my light one,” he decided. So he gave me his light muzzle loader and instructed me in its care and use, and from that day he had only to look in the corner to know whether I was “hunting” or not. Thus with reluctant paternal consent and with remonstrat- ing maternal protests I became a de- voted follower of Nimrod of old. Your health. Forest and Stream. This should compensate for thirty-five years’ of silence and merit thirty-five more. Yours sincerely, F. T. W., Wakefield, Mass. Such an interesting letter ought to be our lot more often than once in thirty- five years. Your early experiences with fire arms recall vividly some of our own. It is a wonderful thing for a boy to have a “Dad’' who is a “true philosopher.” The danger a boy runs from a real gun properly cared for is mostly nil, but there must be a special Providence who protects youngsters from the dangers of makeshift weapons. Glad to hear from you again. — [Editors.] THE WOODCOCK’S WHISTLE To the Editor of Forest and Stream: I N your October number, Mr. Wilber, in his article on woodcock, brings up the much-disputed question as to how the woodcock makes the whistling sound often heard, as they take to wing. Many articles have been written in the last twenty-five years and still as far away as ever from any positive proof. More than twenty years ago I had demonstrated to me how at least one woodcock made the noise. The bird in question had been hurt in some way and picked up before it had revived enough to fly away. It was placed in a store show window as a curiosity, as few peo- ple outside of sportsmen have any knowl- edge whatever of the woodco'ck. I secured this bird that I might lib- erate it on his native heath — that could be found a short distance away — and carried him along the street, having both wings closely pinned to the body with my right hand and left hand underneath, giving him no chance for wing action or body motion. Without a struggle or quiver of the body, it gave out the whistle through the mouth or throat. I have often thought of giving this experience, knowing it would only likely happen once in a life time and then only to a very few. To me it was positive proof of how the whistle was made and so long as this one showed the way, it would be fair to assume the others do the same. J. M. Dinsmore, 2804 Woodland Avenue, Kansas City, Mo. The question of the tvoodcock’s whistle is almost as much and widely discussed as that of the grouse's druyn. Glad to hear your opinion and experience in the matter.— [Editors.] ALABAMA ANGLERS To the Editor of Forest and Stream: I HAVE long been a reader of your journal and have at times noted men- tion of catches of channel bass, which is commonly called here in southern water red fish, larger ones are called bull reds. I have just returned from a trip on Mobile Bay at Coden, Ala., and am en- closing you kodak pictures of catch made Saturday, October 19th, 1918 — 37 Bull Reds weighing from 20 to 35 lbs. each. Party reading from left to right: Jack R. Connor, Birmingham, Ala.; E. L. Warner, Coden, Ala.; E. L. May, Tus- caloosa, Ala. ; Duncan May, Montgomery, Ala.; Kirk L. Robb, Birmingham, Ala. Yours very truly. Jack R. Connor, Birmingham, Ala. A. C. A. CONSTITUTION AMENDED To the Editor of Forest and Stream: I 'HE American Canoe Association would appreciate it if you would publish the following amendment to the constitution, in your next issue: Article IV, Section 2 (Present Read- ing)— Associate Members: Ladies may be elected Associate Members by the Ex- ecutive Committee when proposed by a member of that Committee, provided they are of the immediate family of an active member and have attended at least two general camps. Practical canoeists only are eligible and they may be elected only after publication as provided for active members. The Associate Mem- bership may be revised at any time by the Executive Committee. Change This to Read: Ladies may be elected Associate Members by the Execu- tive Committee, when proposed by a member of that Committee, provided they are of the immediate family of an ac- tive member and have attended at least two camps — either general Association or Division camps. Practical canoeists only are eligible. The Associate Mem- bership may be revised at any time by the Executive Committee. Thanking you for your oo-operation on this, I am. Yours very truly, Oscar S. Tyson, Rear-Commodore, Atlantic Division. A. C. A. INFORMATION, PLEASE To the Editor of Forest and Stream : I WOULD like to have the experience ^ of the boys who fish, in regard to wormy bass (I always skin all bass same as I do catfish, I believe they keep better and the meat is much sweeter) and I find quite a few are infested with worms, which lay just under the skin. This I find is usually in bass caught in the streams, and I have found no one who can tell me any thing about it. There is getting to be more respect for the Law in this part of the state, and we do not have so many violators; in other words the fisherman are getting to be sportsmen and not fish hogs. I think it is the duty of every fisher- man to appoint himself as a Deputy Fish and Game Warden, and report all violators, be it his own brother. Let us have game and fish, and in order to do so we must look at it from a true sports- man’s view, not a question of meat, but recreation, true sport, good fellowship, and getting close to Nature. It will teach us to love our Creator more, and soften our hearts to all mankind. Wishing Forest and Stream success, H. E. Bindley, Terre Haute, Ind. THE FISHfIN GULF WATERS To the Editor of Forest and Stream : I AM a reader of Forest and Stream and wish to say that I thoroughly en- joy reading it. I especially enjoyed reading in Oc- tober issue about the sheepshead. I am a great believer in outdoor life and spend most of mine fishing. I have caught lots of sheepshead in the waters around Mo- bile and here on Dog River within a stone’s throw of our club. There is a fine meal in store for the one who can catch this fish and I do not know of any other that is better. Let me suggest that an article written on the fish in the gulf waters would be very attractive to your readers. I am not a writer, by the way, however I do 32 FOREST AND STREAM January, 1919 know of the various kinds of fish around here. Our club is situated on the Dog River about two miles from the mouth or where it enters Mobile Bay and that point is only about tw'enty miles from the gulf. The water around the club is fresh from November until June and from then on it is more or less salty. Just across the river from our club site two creeks enter the river, fresh water and quite clear. Around this vicinity we catch the following fish: black bass, bream, perch, croakers, sheepshead, speckled trout, white trout, red fish, cat fish. At the entrance of Mobile Bay and the gulf and Mississippi Sound we catch tarpon, mac- kerel, cavallier, pompano, black fish, drum and a few others that I cannot re- call at present. I thought it a wise suggestion to let you know that we have a fish country here and that the readers of Forest and Stream would like to read about our own country in some future issue of your publication. E. Steele Partridge, Mobile, Ala. The article on the fish in gulf waters is in our files, Mr. Partridge, await- ing its opportunity to enlighten and in- terest our readers. Watch out for it! Thanks for your letter. — [Editors.] FROM A SOLDIER’S MOTHER To the Editor of Forest and Stream : T T is with regret I will have to ask you to discontinue sending me For- est AND Stream. On account of failing eye sight I am not able to read myself and my sons have all left home. But I want to say there have been no mag- azine we enjoyed as much as we did Forest and Stream during the years that my boys have grown to manhood. Am enclosing a picture of my son Amo (who is now in Italy with the American Expeditionary Forces), with three wild geese that he shot on a little slaugh on our own farm right here in Du Page County, only 22 miles from Chicago. He was only seventeen years old at the time and believe me he was a very proud boy. Thanking you for past courtesies, Mrs. D. H. Uhlhorn, Dorners Grove, 111. This letter from a soldier’s mother has given us deep satisfaction. We are re- producing her boy’s picture herewith. It gives us pleasure to know that he has not been deprived of the enjoyment of read- ing Forest and Stream, although he has been at the front. Ever since America entered the war wd have been supplying the Y. M. C. A. Overseas with as many copies of Forest and Stream as they could handle and there has been hardly a hut but has had our paper to cheer the leisure hours of the boys. — [Editors.] FOR THE BENEFIT OF OTHERS To the Editor of Forest and Stream: T THANK you very much for the For- EST AND Stream Conservation button which I received all right and I will try to merit the wearing of it. My catches up to the present have been mainly “perch” and “sunnys” and it has occurred to me that there might be others who were not too successful in capturing game fish — some like my- self, who would like to know just how to do so, but are lacking in knowledge and in experience; hence, if the success- ful contestants, or better still, all those who really deserve honorable mention by having taken bass say of six pounds or over, would write a brief description, a few hundred words would do, telling of the places fished, the conditions of wind and water, location of the stream or lake with respect to weed beds, depth of water, sand or gravel bars, and other conditions under which their prizes were captured, and these could be printed for the guidance of the rest of us it could be of inestimable help to all novices who have no other teacher and would help us in learning how to turn the trick. Thanking you for the conservation but- ton which I prize not only for itself, but for what it represents at this par- ticular time, I am. Yours very truly, Martha S. Bates, Syracuse, N. Y. Arno Uhlhorn, now in Italy with A. E. F. AN APPRECIATION To the Editor of Forest and Stream: Allow me to congratulate you on your November cover. It is a dan- dy, but you can’t go wrong with Ost- haus pictures. Only wish I could meet him and thank him for the pleasure he has given me. The first of his pictures I remember was a steel engraving that I saw in St. Louis, years ago, called “First Lessons,” I think; a setter bitch and her pups, teaching the pups to point; doutbless you know it. A friend’s unbroken young setter came into the house a day or two ago, car- rying with great pride a three-quarter grown ruffed grouse, or partridge as they call them here. It made a fine broil for supper last evening. A week ago looking out of my window I saw a covey of 23 quail run across the road, through our hedge and down in our rose garden, first I have seen this year. Did Osthaus paint a head of a setter, black, white and tan like the one on your cover, with a grouse in his mouth? I think I have seen one somewhere and thought it might have been on Forest AND Stream. Our shore birds and ducks have been a failure this fall and a great disappoint- ment to all the “wise gunners.” Success to the Forest and Stream. H. Lindley, M.D., “Northwood,” Center Marshfield, Mass. Thank you for your appreciation of the November cover. We are rather proud of our covers, ourselves, and feel gratified by the many proofs given vs that our readers appreciate the best art in outdoor subjects. A picture similar to the one you men- tion was reproduced on the cover of Forest and Streiam issue for April, 1917. This painting was by Percival Rosseau. — [Editors.] BETRAYING KING CAT To the Editor of Forest and Stream : IN the November issue Mr. W. L. Mac- Ilrath delightfully crowned the catfish king of the corn-belt states. He may be King Cat, fairly enough, but no king can rule securely without an army and navy. Missouri is one of the provinces of the Corn-belt Kingdom and the thoughtful powers that be have a fully mobilized army and navy well trained and equipped to uphold the honor and dignity of His Majesty, the King. Now, fully realizing the necessity of having a combination of strategy and fighting ability in commond of his forces. King Cat has placed Admiral L. M. Bass in charge of his deepwater dreadnoughts. Rear Admiral S. M. Bass commands the gang-hook torpedo boat destroyers. Col- onel Jack Salmon leads the “devil-dog” marines, while back in reserve is General Trout watchfully waiting with his ever ready Rainbow Division. Yes, our king is well equipped to meet any invasion by land or water if King Caster, President Fljnnan, or the old dip- lomat, Secretary Stillfisher, cares to at- tempt it, and now with open disloyalty to King Cat the enemy is to be informed of the whereabouts of his dreadnoughts and destroyers. Through wild, wonderful scenery tum- ble and flow sparking, dancing invita- tions to the angler who harkens to the call of the wilderness. Here he will learn that no gamer bass exist than can be found in the waters of our own Ozark Mountains. Creeks, small and large; rivers, big ones ; and lakes, calm and deep; all stocked with game fish by na- ture and the government. These waters in the heart of the mountains offer the most ideal outing imaginable. The bait caster, the fly-rod expert and the lover of “still” Ashing will find this a paradise. The caster who prefers shore-line work will find an abundance of strikes that will test his skill to the ut- January, 1919 FOREST AND STREA:M 33 most, for boulders and other obstacles must be evaded in leading the battler into the deep water of the eddies. These deep, quiet pools are frequently a mile in length, with rugged walls of i rock hundreds of feet high rising sheer 1 from the water’s edge on one side or the 1 other. The bluff side changes from bank I to bank with every eddy as the river j twists its way through nature’s great Elysium, and connecting these eddies are I rapids, wild with savage laughter, where ' the water goes roaring and tumbling to I the pools below. I In these rapids and in the whirl at the I foot of each the fly man and the caster meet their match. A small-mouth bass I hooked here will fill the angler’s soul with j wild, ecstatic joy. Nowhere do they ! strike more viciously nor fight with great- I er desperation. Performing like an out- law broncho, going high, wide and hand- some, they will force the angler to show a full box of tricks to save rod or line. The old desperado may finally be brought alongside apparently docile and submis- sive, but that will be a time for caution. The broncho most likely to turn your saddle into a hurricane deck is the wall- 1 eyed brute that turns his head and eyes I you indifferently as you reach for the I stirrup. So with the bass of the rapids. I If the seemingly out-fought rascal turns a lazy eye on you look out for heroics — I he’s a strategist as well as a fighter as I many an angler finds to his cost. , Much light and often heavy tackle is I useless in these wonderful, tumbling rap- I ids, as anglers have frequently had heavy } tackle snapped by some ravenous old “grand-daddy” that could not be even brought within sight. But that only adds to the call of the rapids. Floating out of this turmoil through a channel of swift but quieter water you will find bank willows dipping into the stream at the lower end of high, clean gravel bars, and occasionally there will be great, deep pockets of “dead” water behind the down-stream end of bars be- tween them and the bluffs which line the eddies. In these pockets and among the willows which arrest the side currents lie the voracious large-mouth bass known there as “line-sides.” Just lead one of these catapulting monsters out of his lair with light tackle if you hanker for the joy of taming a submarine volcano. For the “still” fisherman or the fly artist there is a lake, some twenty-odd miles in length, that will provide him plentifully with large perch, giant crap- pie — the two pound kind, and both va- rieties of the bass. Some may say that “bass is bass,” but having tried them north, east, south and west, at dawn, in daylight and at dusk with every known fly or lure, sneaked up on ’em in the dark with luminous bait, fought and “wrassled” with ’em under about every favorable and adverse con- dition, there is but one conclusion; King Cat’s forces in the waters of these mountains immortalized by Harold Bell Wright in his “Shepherd on the Hills” furnish the gamest, craftiest, wickedest fighting bass that ever swam. Yours truly. Geo. D. Hurley, Kansas City, Mo. THE NIPIGON TROPHY To the Editor of Forest and Stream: IDO not know whether you are ac- qainted with the fact that the Can- adian Northern, this year, donated a trophy for the largest speckled trout (brook) caught in the Nipigon waters, which are now world-famed for their 1918 Nipigon Trophy, Won by W. W. Butler, of Montreal, Canada trout fishing, and are annually visited by a large number of Americans. In view of Nipigon’s popularity with Amer- ican disciples of Sir Isaac Walton, I feel sure, that the following letter from W. W. Butler, of Montreal, the winner of the trophy, would be of interest to readers of Forest and Stream. Mr. Butler writes: “My friend. Dr. K. Y. James and myself entered the Nipigon on Thursday, the 8th of August. We made the vari- ous encampments up the Nipigon with very satisfactory success and results, but more particularly at Camp Cincinnati where I secured the big fellow on a No. 18 single Cincinnati hook and coc- cotouche about two inches long. I struck him about seven o’clock in the evening in very swift water, but worked him over towards the western shore intoi quieter water, where I landed him about twenty minutes afterwards. Antoine Buchard, an old and well known guide on the river, was my head guide and in the canoe with me at the time, and on landing this fish he remarked ‘he is a big one.’ He weighed 6% pounds and measured 23 inches length and 15% in- ches in girth. I also secured one five and one six pounder just above Virgin Falls, and two 4% pounders at other places along the river, as well as many smaller trout. “Fishing is my favorite recreation, although I enjoy motoring, hunting and a little golf, of which I would like more, but occupying the position of Vice Presi- dent and Managing Director of the Can- adian Car & Foundry Company, Limited, and its three subsidiary companies and having under my charge something over 8,000 men, gives me very little time for recreation, and the time so taken I al- ways devote to fishing, in so far as pos- sible.” The competition for the trophy was a hard fought one, and Nipigon waters are visited by anglers from all parts of the continent. R. Creelman, Winnipeg, Man. A LONG LOST FRIEND To the Editor of FOREST AND Stream ; At this time I should like to say that I have enjoyed Forest and Stream very much the past year. Art- icles by the older gunners and riflemen are of especial interest to me. I have especially enjoyed those by Widgeon on the hunting that used to exist on the eastern coast. Also I think I have found a long lost friend in Captain Roy S. Tin- ney, at least when I attended Prep school in New York too many years ago, I knew a chap by this name that was nuts about guns. I have been for a long time going to write him and see if this is the same Roy Tinney. If it is he will certainly hear from me some day. If he happens to be handy just ask him if he recalls the time we tried out his new Colts automatic, over in the Jersey woods, I certainly do. I am western bred, born and raised, and have a very western viewpoint, I suppose; yet my father sent my brother and myself to school in New York and we acquired an appreciation for the east- ern woods and waters ; each issue of Forest and Stream brings to me mem- ories of the happy days long gone by spent as a spindling boy in the good old staid east. Allyn H. Tedmon, Pueblo, Colo. TRAPPING TIPS WANTED To the Editor of Forest and Stream: Any tips on lion or cat trapping will be appreciated by me. I am trying out everything I come across as they are hard to thin out. They have killed about all of the deer in this vicinity. C. E. Cherry, Cherry Creek, Arizona. Personally we have never had any ex- perience in this work, but we undoubt- edly have among our readers many who have, and are publishing your request in hopes that it will draw forth some communications on that subject that will prove valuable to you. — [Editors.] THE SPORTING PARSON To the Editor of Forest and Stream : I WAS very much interested in my November number of Forest and Stream, and in your story of the All- America Bird Dog Championship. The “sporting parson out in Kansas,” is the Rev. P. R. Knickerbocker, a very warm personal friend of mine who now lives here in El Paso. I hunt with him a great deal and there is no better sports- man living, and what he doesn’t know about pointers and setters and their breeding, is not worth knowing. G. C. T. Pelham, El Paso, Texas. (several letters are held over) 34 FOREST AND S T R E A M January, 1919 i THE TYRO’S PRIMER CERTAIN TERMS. PHRASES AND IDIOMATIC EXPRESSIONS USED BY MILITARY RIFLEMEN ARE DEFINED AND EXPLAINED By CAPTAIN ROY S. TINNEY (CONTINUED FROM LAST MONTH'' Funny thing happened the other morning in the Pullman dressing room. You know there is always one youth who tries to conceal that it’s his first Pullman trip by getting dressed be- fore six and then sitting in the dressing room for two hours, smoking, and taking up room needed for bags and suit cases. One of these pests recently added light conversation to his other offences. “I see you use *Mennen’s Shaving Cream,” he said to me. ‘‘I was reading an ad about it yesterda5', written by a wise guy named Jim Henry. He’s a hot-air artist aw’right. Is the stuff any good.^” Then he caught sight of my name en- graved on my bag, and the dressing room became less crowded immediately. Since the Boss made me start writing these ads, over a million men have become addicts to Mennen’s, and I suppose ten million have become familiar with my name from seeing it so often; yet I doubt if a hundred people, outside of my customers, know that I am Jim Henry, Mennen salesman. It’s a big satisfaction, though, to know that each morning a million men build up a creamy Mennen lather without rubbing in with fingers; using cold water if they like — and lots of it; and then enjoy the sort of shave that gives one a hunch that it’s going to be a pretty good day after all. “Jim Henry” may not mean much to you, but Mennen’s Shaving Cream will mean pleas- ant shaves for the rest of your life if you will send 12c. for one of my demonstrator tubes. Target Terms Possible — A full score— to eat up the target. To obtain every point the target can give — every shot a bull’s-eye. On military targets the bull counts five points and a “ten-shot possible” is ex- pressed “50 X 50,” fifty points scored out of a possible score of fifty. On the deci- mal targets used for civilian competitions the bull counts ten points and a “possible” is indicated, “100x 100.” When express- ing a score in numerals the first number shows the number of points made and the second number the highest possible score, for example, 42 x 50 or 82%, the score a man must average to qualify as an “Ex- pert” over the “Militia” or Outdoor Small-bore Qualification Course pre- scribed by the National Rifle Association. Bull’s-eye — The black circular division in the center of the bull’s-eye target. Sighting Bull — The circular black spot on the decimal and reduced military tar- gets made large enough to permit being seen through the sights without eye- strain. The size of this aiming point is based upon the laws of optics and bears no relation to the graduations upon the target. Scoring Btdl — The center of the sighting bull, indicated by a fine white circle invisible from the firing point. A bullet must either cut or strike inside this hair-line of white to count as a bun’s eye. For example: The quarter-size re- duction of the military “A” target, known as the “A-4,” has a three-inch “sighting bull” and a two-inch “scoring bull” counting “5”; and the standard small-bore, decimal target for 100 yards has a six-inch “sighting bull” and a two- inch “scoring bull” counting “10.” Nipper, also known as a Wart on the Bull, — A shot that just cuts or touches the edge of the scoring bull, and while it counts 5 or 10 points, as the case may be, the larger part of the bullet hole is in the first ring, so that the print made by the ball just nips the bull and stands out like a wart. Pin-wheel — A shot striking almost or exactly in the center of the bull’s-eye. Group — The cluster of shot holes made on the t.arget. The accuracy of arms and ammunition is usually determined by groups of ten consecutive shots fired at the various standard ranges; i. e., 100, 200, 300 or 500 yards and the group is measured in three ways: (1) By a circle indicating the maximum spread, the di- ameter of this circle being determined by the distance from center to center of the two shot holes that are the greatest dis- tance apart. A “two-inch group,” means that the entire ten shots are inside of or upon the circumference of a two-inch cir- cle. (2) By a rectangle that will include every shot fired. This figure shows whether the greatest deviation was ver- tical or horizontal. (3) By the “mean- absolute-deviation” from the center of impact. This is a mathmatical calcula- tion that gives the exact degree of accu- racy displayed and can not be expressed in a mere definition. On the target — To get on the target or find the target. When sighting in a new rifle the most difficult thing is to so ad- just the sights that the bullet will strike somewhere inside the target frame and on the paper, permitting the marker in the pit to spot the shot with a spotter or disk. Once this is accomplished the final correction of the sight adjustment is a comparatively simple matter. Sight in — To adjust the sights of a rifle so it will hit where it is aimed over a given range under the existing condi- tions of wind, atmosphere and ammuni- tion. This must be done by the shooter himself as the difference in eyes renders a standard sight adjustment impossible. Disk — A long stick with a circular disk on the end, used by the marker in the pit for signaling the results of the hits on the target. The bull’s-eye of the military target counts “5” and a hit there is sig- naled by placing a ivhite disk over the shot hole against the black of the bull. A “4” or “center” is signaled by a red disk; A “3,” also known as an “inner’’ or a “magpie,” is signaled by a black- cross painted upon a circular white disk, and a “2” or “outer” is signaled by a cir- cular black disk. Spotter — The man who, during slow fire, observes the target, usually through a telescope, and calls out the value and position of each hit made. Usually the result of each shot is announced orally and recorded on the black board or score card, and sometimes the spotting is graphically indicated at the firing line by pins stuck into a wooden target placed there for the purpose. The term spotter is also applied to an octagonal or circu- lar cardboard disk, white on one side and black on the other, and pierced in the center by a wire or pin. When the target is pierced by a bullet it is drawn into the pit and the spotter is placed over the shot hole so that when the target again rises into view the exact location of the last shot fired is indicated by the spotter. If the shot is in the bull the white side of the spotter is exposed, if outside of the bull the black side is tow'ard the firing line. (TO BE CONTINUED NEXT MONTH) ( Mennen Salesman ) January, 1919 FOREST AND S T R E A M 35 Fish Stoijf \Cbntest A $200 WORTH GIVEN TO THOSE WHO CAN TELL THE BEST FISH STORIES For the Best Fish Story ------ $50.00 Worth For the Next Best Fish Story - - - - 35.00 Worth For the 2 Next Best Fish Stories - - - 25.00 Worth For the 4 Next Best Fish Stories - - - 10.00 Worth For the 5 Next Best Fish Stories - - - 5.00 Worth Thirteen Prizes in all to be selected from our 1919 Catalog, issued about iVpril i, 1919. * These stories may be true or not. They may be whoppers or actual substantiated facts. They can be curious or funny or exciting. Put they must be about fish and fishermen. Let yourself go and tell them in your own way. Send as many as you like, but no story must exceed 700 words. Short stories are preferable, however. CONTEST CLOSES APRIL 1, 1919 INIanuscripts cannot be returned. In the event of more than one person send- ing in the same story the one telling it best will be given the preference. Address all stories to Abbey & Imbrie Contest Editor c/o Baker, Murray & Imbrie, Inc. 10-15-17 Warren St., New York NOTE CAREFULLY Write on one side of paper only. No fees of any kind are necessary to compete. Contest is open to everyone. We are to be sole judges in awarding prizes. Winning stories are to become our sole property for publication in booklet. 36 FORES T A X D S T R E A M January, 1919 ITHACAS WIN 1 5 State Champion* ships this year. This is Dr. F. H. Allen, Staples, Minn ., the am- a t e u r champion of Minne- sota for 1918. He could not have won with any gun but an ITHACA. Any man can shoot an ITHACA better. Catalog FREE. Double hammer* less eruns, f $32.50 up. Single trap ffuna* $100.00 UPa Address Box 25 Target and Trap Shooting 12th Annual Mid-Winter Tournament Pinehurst Gun Club, January 20th and 25th Unusual interest will center this season at Pine- hurst, North Carolina, in Trap and Target Shoot- ing. A variety of events for amateurs are scheduled. $7 ,000.00 in money and prizes Weekly Trap-Shooting Tournaments start Dec. 17th, 1918 Excellent Quail shooting cn the great preserves. Weather — during the winter — like early Fall in New England. THE CAROLINA HOTEL Now Open Golf, Riding, Racing. Motoring, Tennis For full information address : LEONARD TUFTS 282 Congress Street, Boston or General Office fillFllUKi! El" NORTH CAROLINA 35c Poilpald For all lubrication and polishing around the house, in the tool shed or aheld with gun or rod. NYOIL Id the New perfectioo Pocket Package U a matchless combination. Hportsmen have known It lor years. lh*al«rH reil NYOIL at 15c, aiid35c. Bend hh the name of a live one who doesn’t neU NYOIL with other nere^iiarlee for sportsmen and we will send you a dandy, handy new can (arrew top and screw tip) con- taluini; 8H oaoees postpaid for 35 cents. WM. F. NTE, New Bedford, Mass. ^ ir ☆ it ☆ SPORTSAIEN, outdoor ath- letes and men in all pur- suits requiring vigorous foot-work have learned a valu- able shoe-lesson from the not- able performance of the Mun- son U. S. Army Shoe during the war. it The famous foot-form shoes it that capably carried the feet of it the American soldiers through the heavy strain of trench work and cross-country marching in ^ France proved their supremacy for all kinds of strenuous wear, jj Herman Shoes are made on jj ^ this same U. S. Army last. ^ They give men in all branches i of active life the opportunity to enjoy the full, normal efficiency 1 is of their feet and to indulge their is individual desires for fine leath- ers and lOO per cent. wear. Sold in 8,000 retail stores. If you is are not near one, we will fit you is I, correctly and quickly through our MAIL ORDER DEP’T at Boston JOS. M. HERMAN SHOE CO. I 810 Albany Bldg. B O S T O X , M A S S . liiiiiiMiiiiiiiiDlllbiiiMini^ J. KANNOFSKVcMi, and manufacturer of artificial eyes for birds, ani- mals and manufacturing purposes a specialty. Send for prices. All kinds of heads and skulls for furriers and taxidermists. 363 CANAL STREET NEW YORK Please mention “Forest and Stream” THOMAS The Thomas hand made split bamboo fishing rod has been perfected to meet both the all around and the various special requirements of the modern angling sport. Made of the finest bamboo, light, resilient, perfectly jointed and balanced. In the Thomas rod the acme of perfection has been obtained. Send for our interesting booklet. THOMAS ROD COMPANY, 117 Exchange St., Bangor, Me. UP LOSSMAN’S RIVER (continued from page 17) IT was Johnny Billy who, seated on the Mae’s hatch, related the story of Dr. Tiger. When this good Indian was a young man, he left his Everglade home and went to school at Carlisle. He would be progressive .... he would lift himself high above the sordidness of his environment .... he would return some day and prove a benefactor to his race. They said of the young Seminole, that the lips of the Great Open called to Doctor Tiger in a brief span. He learned his trade of medicine and with many closely guarded boxes and cases, trailed back down the coast and up Lossmann’s River, then a rarely trav- ersed stream in a vast, virgin territory. But his tribesmen were on every hand. And Doctor Tiger built a shack in the solitudes of Fifth Lake, later to be named for him. Here, on a shell island, a recluse, he lived a life of usefulness. Indians for miles about came to Dr. Tiger when they were desperately ill, or had their younger friends call for medicine. Often, at twilight, after days of travel, the cypress canoes would steal solemnly across this hidden lakes, bear- ing the limp forms of Indian children. And Dr. Tiger never refused aid. Finally, in 1912 breath and the di- vine spark left his weary body. For Doctor Tiger died of consumption, a martyr to his own w’onderful ideal. “Johnny Billy says .... this place make him very sad,” declared Hendry, “he know Dr. Tiger .... love him much .... something makes him think of things his ancestors tell him .... first came Spanish — and they fight Indian .... then come English — they fight Indians .... then come America w’hite man .... and they fight Indians, w'orst of all. Sometimes fight each other .... His great grandfather came in big boat apd land at St. Augustine .... old fort San Marco. Johnny Billy says that Everglades dry up like sponge with no water and then last Seminoles die. May- be E-shock-e-tom-e-see (The supreme Ruler or White Man’s God) fight Indi- an too.” But suddenly the drooping figure on the hatch was raised to a supreme height and the proud head reared upward, and Johnny Billy, in all his tribal pride and dignity, motioned that he must be on his way. They gave him money, and a jug of wyomee and a new pocket knife, and he put off in the cypress canoe. Both dark hands flattened upon Hendry’s palm, as he looked him full in the eyes. There was much of the kindred spirit in these two .... and a Seminole never forgets. In silence, John, Mr. King and the guide stood at the farthest extremity of the shell mound, watching . . watching, until Indian and canoe had melted into shadowland far across Dr. Tiger’s Lake. (to be continued next month) January, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 37 SAVAGE has been making for the United | States and the Allies many thousands of | Lewis guns, large numbers of three-inch | rapid-fire naval guns, thousands of truck frames | for our army transports, and many other products I absolutely essential to the winning of the war. 1 Our customers have been very patient under | the necessary cessation of peace-time manufac- | turing. We ask your indulgence further only | until we can take the steps necessary for trans- I ferring our enlarged facilities to peace-time | production. By April you will be able to buy at your dealer’s the .32 Savage Automatic Pistol, the .22 Savage Hi-Power and i the famous .250-3000 Savage Sporting Rifles. Our other ] and new lines will be supplied as fast as they can be put j into prod uction. | Savage ideals will neverchange. ButSavage production, ,| with our new and greater equipment and personnel, will | be much greater than has hitherto been possible. [ Savage Arms Corporation Sharon, Pa. Utica, N.Y. Philadelphia, Pa. General Offices: 50 Church Street, New York 38 FOREST AND STREAM January, 1919 HADDON HALL ATLANTIC CITY ALWAYS OPEN RIGHT ON THE BEACH AND THE BOARDWALK Appeals particularlj- to cultivated people who seek rest and recreation at the Sea Shore, Summer or W inter. From every section of the country such guests have come to lladdon Hall for 40 years — and come back again and again — it is so satisfying, so free from ostentation, so comfort- able and sufficient. Every facility is offered young and old for enjoyment. step and you are in the surf. Fascinat- ing shops and a thousand amusements are offered along the famous Hoardwalk. Privileges of fine golf and yacht clubs. Rooms are comfortable and attractive — there is delightful music — and always in- teresting people. Make reservations — write for illustrated folder. LEEDS & LIPPINCOTT ROBERT H. ROCKWELL 2504 Clarendon Road, Brooklyn, N. Y. WE WANT ALL KINDS OF FURS FOX, BEAR,BEAVER, LYNX, MUSKRAT, ^^9I^MARTEN,MINK,EI? C" L K ^ WEIL PAYS THE MOST Remits Quickest. Pays Holds shipments 6 daya It flesfred. vaSrla Furs are high. Big money trapping this year. Our large Illustrated Trapper’s Guide Sent Free. Frequent price-lists keep you posted. Trapsand Bait. In business 50 years. Biggest house. AskanyBank. Ca.shquoted lorhidcs. W.aD.xo JP.Pn “TheOldSquareDealHouse. Weil Bros. « to.. Capital Sl.OOO.OOO. Paid. . Bor20‘l, Fort Wayne, Ind., U. S. A Traf This Year. Great Chance. Everybody^ Wrile.^ only 3Sc GfirtYoiirQwfiHidrj WITH THIS \\ SAFETY HAIR CUTTER I If 70U can COMB your hair you can cut your I ' own hair with this marvelous invention. Cuts f, the hair any desired length, short or lontf. Ik Docs the job as nicely as any barber in quarter l?iC^*^^^^*the time, before your own mirror. You can cut the y’/h-wri children's hair at home in a jiffy. Can be used as an ordinary razor to shave the face or finish around temple or neck. Sharpened like any razor. I^ts a lifetime. Saves its cost first time used. PRICE ONLY 35c, postpaid. Extra Blades 5e each. JOHNSON SMITH « CO.. Dept 719 54 W. Lake St., CHICAGO rays of LIGHT in d^k. The darker the better. Easi^ ap- tilled. Anyone can do it. Three sizes— 25c, 60c and $E postpaid. JOHNSON SMITH a CO, Dept. 7 19 . 64 West Lake Street. Chicago »l>t ■STstTCTRlT! Raise Hares For Us Immense profits easily and quickly made We furnish stock and pay $2.00 each and >exprcc.gag« when three months old. Con- tracts, booklet, etc.. 10c. Nothinti free. Thorson Rabbit Co., Dept. 9, Aurora. Colorado. ShipVbur 7URS Today To UNSTEN We want millions of muskrat, skunk, coon, mink, opossum, fox, wolf— even rabbit skins — and will pay spot cash, highest prices! Funsten’s reliable grading gets you every cent of value in your furs. We never promise impossible prices and then cut down on the grade. What your furs are worth is what we pay — and we pay infulL Check sent you within 24 hours. Write for Free Shipping Tags and Trap- pers’ Guide, Market Reports, etc. Fnnsten Bros. & Co. International Fur Exchange 769 Fansten Building ST. LOUIS, MO. Indian Moccasins Both Lace or Slipper Made of Genuine Moose Hide lUen’s Sizes. 6 to 11. at $4.25 Ladies’ or Boys’ Sizes, 2 to 6 at $3.50 Sent prepaid on receipt of price. Money refunded if not satisfactory. We make the finest Buckskin Hunting Shirts in America. Carry in stock the larg- est assortment of Snow Shoes in the country- Also hand-made Genuine Buckskin and Horse- hide Gloves and Mittens. Our Wisconsin Cruising Shoes have no superior as a hunting shoe. Send for Free Catalog to-day. m* 112 Main Street Metz & ScnloerD, oshkosti.wis. Thousands of trappers know that they get the best of treatment hy .shipping to me. I pay the very highest market quotations, my price list is simple, is never mis- leading. and you get your money by return mail. Read this: “It’s a pleasure to deal with a firm like voure. I gret every cent my furs are worth, and have received such nice checks from you, that 1 am telling my friends here that they will do wel to get in touch with you."’ IRVING TRUST Send me a shipment and be convinced. Satisfaction guaranteed. TO-DAY write for price list, grading slip and abippiog tags. Louis Brimbeag Depl 1201 50 West 26'"ST, Newark City Set Solid Gold lotldCOld Send Your Name and We’ll Send You a Lachnite comes merely aepoaiv *•*- v»ic». . ___ ring for 10 full days. If you. or »f any of *]9| ft from a diamond, send it back. But if you decide to buy it —send U3 $2.60 a month until $18.76 has been paid. A Send yoor name now. Tell os which of the TVrilt; AUUxty poiu rol l rinrs illustrated above you wish (ladies* or men's). Bo sure to send finger size* ^ Harold Lachman Co., 12 N. Michigan Av.,Dept. 7061 Chicagi^ lUVAOTI Wo will pay $600.00 reward to anyone who permanently dim the brilliancy of tho RAJAH im. diamond without destroying RAJAH Im. Diamonds They stand all diamond ^e^-fire, acid. Bio and glass cutting. Their bnlhaney is e^r- .nal. Guaranteed for a lifetime. SetInBoUj gold, and sent 30 DAYS’ FREE TRIAL 1° you can tell it from . reV dlmmond it. Send today for oar Oeantiful, FREE lllirntrated jewelry catalog in coiore. Write now. ^.uiraco ILL. KRaWh A REED. 159 N. Stato St., DapU 201 . CHICAGO. ILL. ! NIGHT SHINING AMID I FLORIDA SWAMPS (CONTINUED FROM PAGE 11) being at the prow of the boat and the light right for the dark waters, I saw the ’gator rise without a ripple, much as a salmon will take a fly without breaking the surface. I saw the barred sides and I the clear outline of Mr. ’Gator, but I j beat him to it by a yard, for as the boat swept over him there came the familiar surge, this time with a splash, and pud- ! die, as it happened in the swamp before. I knew then that the camp boss had said sooth — these were ’gators, without doubt. We bagged a seven-foot one on the edge of a deep irrigation ditch. My comrade had wounded it with a charge of buckshot fired from an old-fashioned, rusty gun, and it lay there dazed. One of the range riders rode up just at that moment when I raised my gun to fire. He opined that I could not kill the ’gator with a shot- gun. But, just for fun, I pointed the left barrel ’gator-way and turned her loose. That load tore the whole upper part of the skull away, leaving a semi- circular hollow as big as your fist. In one sense it didn’t kill the ’gator; for we dragged him a mile to dry land and skinned him while he clawed to the end. We cut out his tail from the carcass, and that moved. We carted the fragment of tail all day in my hunting coat pocket, and that night as we fried it, it wiggled in the pan! Again, I say, this is simple fact. And any man who has killed eels or catfish will not doubt it. A ’gator is very tena- cious of life, but just the same, a charge of buckshot fired at close range from a modern choke-bored barrel will simply plumb ruin any ’gator. It tears a terrific, jagged hole right through the tough hide. Where my comrade’s buckshot fired at the same range were flattened inside the skin, these went right on and split even the head bones to fragments. But come back to night shining. Im- agine that vast swamp covered with weeds and water hyacinths, with here and there open, black water. Imag- ine mile after mile of everglade, and the clear carbide lights shining out in the mysterious tropic swamp. Here a mud hen scuttles across the light. There a sleeping bunch of ducks ; again, herons of half a dozen kinds hop sleepily along, or a great whooping crane flutters and rattles through the beam. Till there, you see a big, rose-colored diamond flinging back the sparkle of the beams, and through the halo of light, what do you think that is? Just a floating chip of dark wood, with another about eighteen inches behind it. That’s all I ever saw of a floating ’gator. Now turn your best barrel loose, and with a mighty roar that reverberates through the night and swamp the gun speaks out its death note. But all you get that night is the splash and threshing of a smitten reptile, for he sinks. But the magic of the swamp enthralls you. Winding in and out, seeing the wild life flutter or fly before you. Hearing the night sounds, all strange to the unused I ear, feeling the mystery and beauty of January, 1919 FOREST A N D STREAM 39 it all. Only when you retrieve next day, one out of every half dozen, do you real- ize what a real old he ’gator can be. I wanted to swim in the cool water during the hot hours of the day. A header from the trestle seemed just about right. After seeing the eloquent smile of a dead ’gator, I was curiously glad I had resisted my temptation for a bath. Still we did find places where we would see and retrieve. In the shallows or in the irrigation ditches stretching across swamp or prairie. Here a big pink dia- mond, apparently the size of a duck egg, shines out in the beam. I tried to follow one up close to see how near I could get. But Mr. ’Gator is by no means asleep. Sometimes we could get within a few feet, usually not nearer in the open than twenty feet. The least noise, and the red diamond simply disappears. No sound or ripple or splash, the ’gator just ducks under what bit is out. For if you will remember, his frog eyes pro- trude, the tip of his nose also, and per- haps a little bit of his head. But even of a huge ’gator fioating so, you see no more than you could cover altogether with your two hands. It is at the pink diamond you shoot. And here in the ditches small ’gators, four, five to seven feet long, were rather common, and small ’gator steak tastes like fish, a mix- ture of halibut and scallops. As a food article ’gator is fish, and not half bad at that. As a game bird, he is a pink dia- mpnd shining with mysterious light in a magic beam that cuts fairy swathes of light in a semi-tropic swamp of wonder- ful beauty. As a tourist’s sight, he is a log lying in the mud and sunlight. But if you ever chance to get him on a fishing line, as one of our crowd did, then he is the most interesting cuss you ever han- dled in a small tippy boat. All things considered — shining by night is a fairy experience, not so much, in fact, not at all, for the dead bag, but for the mystery and loveli- ness of the night and forest and stream. Many such days and nights we had around the camp. Vividly as I sit think- ing, the scenes come before me. Yet when on the last day I came out on a hand car, in a twenty-mile race w'ith our first rainstorm since the freeze-out, it seemed again a dream somehow come true. And when after two nights in the sleeper, I dropped off at the home place and waded knee deep in snow, I remem- bered the sendoff and smiled. For we started out in a snoring Winter gale, and came back in one. But between those two storms lay an enchanted month among the palms and orange groves, with the whirr of quail wings, the song of mocking birds, the “quit, quit” of turkeys, the bellow of ’gators, and the spitting fire from the ’coon’s eyes. And as I sit with old Lem dreaming beside me while I write this — I register a determination that come what may, I must have another month some time among the palm and orange groves ofHvild Florida. Send us accounts of your hunting and fishing experiences. We can use them. Our Lettters, Questions and Answers pages are open to all. Riglit">f rom-tlie-Start Sliootmg No otker sport compares witk sKooting in its prompt and unforgetful reward of a rigkt start in it. Xke koy wko learns to skoot rigkt immediately ke- gins to see kis possikilities, to realize tke tremendous advantage ke kas over tke kandicapped skooter ke always would kave keen kad ke learned wrong. Recognition of tke importance of R.ight-irova.- tke- Start skooting is tke foundation of Remington UMG service. for Shooting Right Your toys interest in firearms tinges on kis amtition to develop into an all-round man. Start tim off rigkt in tis skooting tkere is no premium to pay and muck for kim to gain. He will tkank you all tis days for putting tim on tte patk to distinc- tion— for steering kim clear of tkose elusively tenacious kad kakits in tke swift and necessarily sukconscious kandkng of a gun wLick plague so many skooters wko got tke wrong start. Our Service Department will introduce kim to R/pAt-from-tke-Start skooting, and pass kim along to tke National Rifle Association qualified to try for tke O'fficial decoration for Junior T^arksman. Tkis IS tke only official decoration of its kind. It is autkorized ky tke U. S. Government. As ke learns tke value of rigkt metkods, we kelieve ke likewise will learn to appreciate rigkt equipment, and settle down as one more of tke many tkousands wko prefer Remington UMC. Boys — ^^rite at once for tke Four Free Remington Rfght-irom^ tke-Start Booklets on Skooting, and mention this advertisement 'TJie Remington Arms Union kdetallic Cartridge Company, Inc. Largest Manufacturers of Firearms and Ammunition in the ^X^orld WoolwortK Building New York 40 F () K F S T A SI) S 1' U 1-: A M January, 1919 GUNS Fishing Tackle Send for Catalog 77 Showing Fall and Winter Sporting Goods SCHOVERLING, DALY & GALES 302 and 304 BROADWAY NEW YORK I The last word on the subject and the supreme American authority The AMERICAN RIFLE By Lieut. Colonel Townsend Whelen I definitive work by the supreme Ameri- can authority on the subject, the only work on its subject in existence, on the ^ American rifle in all its phases : histor- ical, ballistic, design, operation, practical use, etc. Written from the civilian, not the mili- tary, standpoint, and in a clear, untechnical style, the book is pre-eminently practical and is designed to give the reader every scrap of available in- formation on the subject of the selection and use of the rifle. The work is most complete. It opens with a history of the rifle and its development in Amer- ica. Then follows a chapter on the A B C of Ballistics, which is written for the beginner, and a chapter on the nomenclature and classification of American arms. By a reading of these two chapters the beginner is prepared to understand and appreciate the remainder of Part I, which is devoted to the semi-technical subjects of rifle design, construction, etc. The aim in this portion of the work is to make the subject simple and practical. Part II of the work is devoted to practical rifle shooting. It is a handbook for the rifleman, by following which he can quickly become skilled in the use of his favorite weapon. The system given is that used by all successful riflemen in America. ‘The American Rifle” is a lifework which has been steadih- tinder consideration for the last fifteen years. It is a work for every sportsman’s library and it will find a wide public also among military men and civilians generally. The book has over 300 illustrations from photographs and diagrams. 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Papier Knche Specialties Co., Reading, Michigan. ■j A HOLIDAY HUNT FOR A TURKEY DINNER (CONTINUED FROM PAGE 13) we came to a long line of this scrub and turned to avoid it. We had passed all of the numerous signs of the turkeys and had been saying that probably the bunch must have made off towards the river, perhaps crossed to the other side, as they frequently do when alarmed, when we saw a flutter at the point of a narrow bunch of palmettos about thirty yards ahead of us. Tom ran directly in and attempted to force through the thick, leafy growth while I ran out to get a better view below the point just in time to see a single turkey rise and go off up through the pines. A great live-oak sent out wide spreading branches just in front of him and long gray moss was swaying in most grace- ful festoons from above. What was more in evidence just then to my eyes was a glorious big bird getting away at a fearful rate and into mighty thick cover up among the tree-tops. The right barrel spoke as he swung into the oak top and while I knew I had it on him, as I pulled, too much bark flew from the oak limb to feel very sure of seeing the bird come down. I wondered why Tom had not shot for he was rather closer to the bird than I was, but it transpired that as he went into the palmetto patch he became tangled in a heavy bamboo briar and was out of the chase for the time being. Gazing very longingly at the bird as he came out past the big oak limb and pendant moss I thought there was still a chance for me before he closed from sight in the thicker tree tops. Just a narrow opening showed and he was headed right for it. Of course it wasn’t two seconds, but it seemed much longer until I knew he would show up in that opening; and while it was a long shot, the left was full choked and he had some of the 4’s in his neck and head in time to stop his course before he got clear of that live-oak. It seems almost incredible how such a heavy body can acquire such speed in so short a time with wings of such shape. There is no sudden whir-r-r-r of wings when the bird arises, as in the case of quail and grouse, and seemingly only a little tremor or fluttering as they go off; but they are no laggard, as will be found when it comes to stop- ping them in full flight. This one proved to be an old gobbler, a beautiful specimen and in prime order. Of course he was not of the company we had hunted earlier in the day, for during the winter sdason the gobblers are found singly or in small flocks — some- times two or three together. We found a few places where this one had been scratching near where we first saw him and he must have been hungry for his supper to have permitted so close an approach. Rarely indeed is one taken unawares on the ground except in late winter and early spring when thej' are Januaey, 1919 FOREST AND S T R E A :M 41 gobblin}?, and even then it takes a most skillful hunter to get within shot after they have flown down from their night’s roosting place. Far easier is it to walk on an old fellow just before sun-up as he sends forth his far-sounding love notes from a pine limb knowing that the mem- bers of his harem are within hearing of his mellowed call. Here his mind may be so fully occupied with conjugal affairs that for the time he may neglect things more earthy and so fall an easy victim. HUNTING COMPANIONS (CONTINUED FROM PAGE 12) the lazy Ohio hills. “Yes, they are the real bluegill, with a flavor unlike and different from other bluegills,” agreed Pardner. “The others are nice fish, though. Do you remember that big bluegill fry we had over in Canada when we camped in a pup tent on the Teal Bay Sandbar? That was a three day fish fry for you.” “How about the six days of fried muskellunge and bass, up in the Kawar- thas, in that same pup tent?” “Well,” said Pardner, “a beef steak begins to taste mighty good after fish for six days.” Whereat I remembered the story of Captain Vreeland as he told it to me down in Florida. I quote the Captain: “There used to be an old fellow here that ran a tourist’s boarding house. He would agree to keep his guests for two weeks, but no longer. However willing to stay they were, the old man would make them pay up and go at the end of two weeks. “ ‘But we want to stay longer than two weeks,’ chorused one party, ‘why must we go before we are ready?’ “Whereat the old man explained as follows: ‘All we feed guests here is fish and canned stuff. Now, most people can stand that for a week. Some of them can stand it two weeks, but any man who can stand it to eat fish for over two weeks, is a damn hog and I won’t have him around.’ ” A BOOK OF ADVENTURES ■yi^RITTEN by a sportsman for sports- ^ men and sportsmen’s sons is “Tom and I on the Old Plantation,” a new book by Archibald Rutledge, whose literary gift and deep understanding of outdoor life have made him well known to the readers of Forest and Stream. The book is a series of incidents relat- ing to the life of two half-grown boys at their father’s home in South Carolina, told with the keen insight of an experi- enced sportsman and softened by the glamor of loving memory. It tells how their natural instinct of the chase was developed and perfected into a true sense of fain play by the intelligent direction of a father who held the highest tradi- tions of sportsmanship. It is not in any way a book for boys only, for it appeals to the boy that lies near the surface in every outdoorsman. It can be obtained from the Book Depart- ment of Forest and Stream at the pub- lishers’ price, $1.35 in cloth binding. COMFORT CAMP PILLOWS are so cool and yielding that the most restful, beneficial sleep is assured. Tliese pillows tmve removable wash covers and are SANITARY — ■ VERMIN and WATERPROOF. Will last for years, and when deflated can be carried in your pocket The only practical pillow for all uses. Three Sizes: 11 x 16— $2.25. 16 x 21— $2.75, 17 X 26 — $3.50. Postpaid anywhere in U. S. A. Satisfaction is guaraJiteed or money refunded. Catalog Free. “METROPOl ITAN AIR GOODS’* ESTABLISHED 1891 Made Only By Athol Manufacuuring Co., Athol, Mass. And let us do your head mounting, rug, robe, coat, and glove making. You never lose anything and generally gain by dealing direct with headquarters. We tan deer skins with hair on for rugs, or trophies, or dress them into buckskin glove leather. Bear, dog, calf, cow, horse or any other kind of hide or skin tanned with the hair or fur on. and finished soft, light, odorless, and made up into rugs, gloves, caps, men’s and women’s garments when so ordered. Get our illustrated catalog which gives prices of tanning, taxidermy and head mounting. Also prices of fur goods and big mounted game heads we sell. THE CROSBY FRISIAN FUR COMPANY Rochester, N. Y. NEWFOUNDLAND A Country of Fish and Game A Paradise for the Camper and Angler Ideal Canoe Trips The country traversed by the Reid Newfoundland Company’s system is exceedingly rich in all kinds of Fish and Game. All along the route of the Railway are streams famous for their Salmon and Trout fishing, also Caribou barrens. Americans who have been fishing and hunting in New- foundland say there is no other country in the world in which so good fishing and hunting can be secured and with such ease as in Newfoundland. Information, together with illustrated Booklet and Folder, cheerfully forwarded upon application to F. E. PITTMAN, General Passenger Agent, REID NEWFOUNDLAND COMPANY ST. JOHN’S NEWFOUNDLAND NATIONAL SPORTSMAN Is a monthly magazine, crammed full of Hunting^ Fishing, Camping and Trapping stories and pictures, valuable information about guns, rifles, revolvers, fishing tackle, camp outfits, best places to go for fish and game, changes in fish and game laws, and a thousand and one helpful hints for sportsmen. National Sportsman tells you what to do when lost in the woods, how to cook your grub, how to build camps and blinds, how to train your hunting dog, how to preserve your trophies, how to start a gun cluh, how toi build a rifle range. ^ No book or set of books you can buy will give you the amount of up-to-date information about life in the open that you can get from a year’s subscription to the National Sports- man. Special information furnished to subscrib- ers at all times, Free of Charge. SPECIAL OFFER The 8 beautiful outdoor sport pictures, shown above, are reproduced on heavy art paper, size 9 X 12. in strikingly attractive colors, from original oil paintings by well-known artists. They make appropriate and pleasing decora- tions for the den, camp, or club-room of any man who likes to hunt or fish. Price of pic- tures alone 25c. We will send you this set of pictures, FREE OF CHARGE, on receipt of $1.00 for a year’s subscription to the Na- tional Sportsman Magazine. : ORDER BLANK : National Sportsman Magazine, 220 Colura- ; bus Ave., Boston, Mass.: r Enclosed find $1.00 for a year’s sub- : scription to the National Sportsman, and : the set of 8 outdoor pictures. : Name : Address 42 F () R K ST AND S T K E A M January, 1919 Photograph taken from Caproni Trlplane showing Hotel Chamberlinand_^__^ ’ The Show Place for Aviation in America— is Langley Field, but a few miles from the Hotel Chamberlin. This famous hotel — one of the finest resort hotels in the Western Hemisphere — looks out upon Hampton Roads and the New Naval Training Base, and has Fortress Monroe with its various mili- tary activities for its nextdoor neighbor. Imagine the delightful social life at this great center of Military, Naval and Aerial Activity. There are superb opportunities for motoring, tennis, sea bathing the year round and golf on the Hotel’s own eighteen- hole course. Every Bath and Treatment given at European Spas is duplicated by the Medicinal Bath Department. Don’t forget how close at hand Old Point Comfort really is— fare much less than to the far south resorts. Send for Booklet, “Golf” with Colored Aeroplane Map of the Golf Course and other illustrated booklets. Address : George F. Adams, Fortress Monroe, Manager Virginia New York Offices: Bertha Ruffner Hotel Bureau, McAlpin Hotel Cook’s Tours or ’*Ask Mr. Foster** at any of his offices Don’t Wear a Truss • ROOKS’ APPLI- ANCE, the modern scientific invention, the wonderful new discovery that relieves rupture will be sent on trial. No ob- noxious springs or pads. Has Automatic Air Cush- ions. Binds and draws the broken parts together as you would a broken limb. No salves. No lies. Durable, cheap. Sent on trial to prove it. Protected by U. S. Patents. Catalogue and measure blanks mailed free. Send name and address today. C. E. BROOKS, 185 State Street, Marshall, Mich. Catch Fish, I Eels, Mink, Muskrats aud other fur-bearing animals I in large numbers, with the New, Folding, Galvanized STEEL WIRE TRAP* Catches them like a fly-trap catches flies. Made in all sizes. *Wrlte for price list, and free booklet on • 2? known for attracting all kinds of flsh. J*F*Gre^ory» 3319 Oregon Ave«, SuLoaU.Ho Would Not Part u1thitfor$10,000’ ■writes an enthusiastic, grateful cus- tomer. “Worthmorethanafarm,”says another. So testify over 100,000 Men and Women who have worn it. The Natural Body Brace Develops erect, graceful figure. Brings comfort, health, strength and pep. MAKES^YOU FEEL GOOD AND LOOK GOOD Replaces and supports misplaced internal organs; reduces enlarged abdomen; straightens shoulders; relieves backache, curvatures, nervousness, ruptures, etc., in both .exes. Writs today tor illustrated booklet, meas- urement blank and our very liberal free trial proposition. HOWARD C. RASH, Pres. Natural fiody Brace Co. 323 Bash Bl^., Salina, Kan. ^ Al.Ibss Pork Rind Miniio)^ Oriental Wiqgler $12? Little Egypt Wiggler 75V forkRind Strips 3yjar. ^ THE FIRST REQUISITE OF THE ANGLER (continued from PAGE 21) New Jersey coast have been a result of this bait. It has one special merit: When going on an extended trip where there is the possibility of other baits- becoming hard to procure, a pailful of this, cleaned and salted, will often prove of the utmost value, as it becomes quite firm in brine, and will keep indefinitely. Channel bass take it freely as well as almost every other species of fish. Shrimps IT would not be proper to pass by with- out mention this valuable subject. Its merits are well known to all bay and river fishermen, but to the surf caster it is of no value as it will not remain on the hook. On making the cast the energy put into the cast always whips away this soft specimen and is never considered in this category. Mussels too are fair bait under certain cpndL tions, still much the same is to be said of them. IT PAYS TO TRAP WHAT buyers who attended say was the largest fur sale the world has ever known, both as to quantity of furs sold and the financial results was held in St. Louis during October. In the six days it lasted sales totaled $6,004,000, or an average of more than $1,000,000 daily. In addition, transac- tions among the buyers totaled more than $2,000,000 and it is estimated that more than $10,000,000 was involved in the week’s trading. Sixty-four kinds of fur- known to deal- ers from every part of the world, were listed in the 350 page catalogue of the sale. They comprised more than 3,500,- 000 pelts, divided into 110,000 lots for the convenience of buyers. Every state in the Union, every province in Canada, and twenty-five foreign countries con- tributed to the catalogue. Each pelt had to be checked, entered, graded and cat- alogued. St. Louis gradings and lottings; are quoted and accepted as standard j wherever furs are bought and sold. The demand for all kinds of furs was unprecedented during the entire week, a demand that was voiced by dealers from all parts of the world and from every class of trade and many varieties sold for record prices. Muskrat, a fur that sold a few years ago for a few cents a pelt, sold as high as $2.25, while a record price of $11 for skunk was reached. Another fur that sold higher than ever before was lynx, the record skin bringing $85. It was later sold for ^the benefit of the Red Cross and brought $1250. Fisher sold as high as $102 and marten at a top price of $81. Buyers and brokers say the record prices made in all but two or three of the furs may not stand long. They look for prices to increase rather than to diminish. The opportunity for the small trapper to make considerable money was never better than at the present time. JANUAKY, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 43 ANTIQUES AND CURIOS FISH FOR STOCKING FISH FOR STOCKING — BROOK TROUT FOR stocking purposes. Eyed eggs in season. N. F. Hoxie, Plymouth, Mass. SMAXE-MOUTH BLACK BASS, WE HAVE the only establishment dealing in youpg srnall- mouth black bass commercially in the United States. Vigorous young bass in various sizes, ranging from advanced fry to 3 and 4 inch finger- lings for stocking purposes. Waramaug Small- Mouth Black Bass Hatchery. Correspondence in- vited. Send for circulars. Address Henry VV. Beeman, New Preston, Conn. FOR SALE FOR SALE — COMPLETE TAXIDERMY OUT- fit. .25 Stevens. Bargain. S. Fryer, Vandergrift Heights, Pa. FOR SALE— HUNTING AND FISHING LEASE in the Province of Quebec, 28 square miles, three good trout lakes, good cabin boats, cooking uten- sils, blankets, etc., annual rental $100 per year. Box 935. Pembroke, Ont. GUNS & AMMUNITIONS BUY, SELL AND EXCHANGE ALL SORTS OF old-time and modern firearms. Stephen Van Rensselaer, 805 Madison .\ve.. New York City. TWENTY-TWO AUTOMATIC RIFLE. THIR- ty-two Smith & Wesson six-inch barrel, blue steel. Boaz brood bitch. Seventeen Jewel Elgin watch for Twenty pump gun or steel duck boat. W. W. Warfield. Clarksville. Tennessee. irtfNTING KNIVES A SHARP HUNTING KNIFE IS HARD TO find, but listen, one that will ST.'\Y SHARP is a prize. We make a hunting knife that is SHARP and will stay sharp. Your money back if not satisfied. Write for circular. Old File Cutlery Co., Havana. III. LIVE STOCK ANGORA KITTENS — Handsomest in Maine. $.3 each. John Ranlett, Rockland, Me. FOR SALE— GREY SQUIRRELS $1.50 EACH; Chipmunks $1.00; Coons, $5.00. W. S. Hodgen, Campbellsville, Ky. FOR SALE RABBITS, RATS, CAVIES- CA- naries, ferrets, pigeons, etc.; pets and animals bought, sold and exchanged; write me; inclose stamp. H. Edward Powers, Walton, Ky. vMiiiimimimiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiimmiimiiimmiiiiMHiiiiixiniiiiiiiniiiiiiimiiiiiiimiimiiiiniimtiiinimitiiinr s iMuiiiiimiiiiiiiiiimimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiimiiiiiiiiitiniiiiimiinmiiimiiiiimiiiimmiiiiPiiiimimiiiiiiiiic = FOR SALE — SILVER BLACK, PATCH, AND Red Foxes. T. R. I.yons, Waterville, N. S. LIVE STOCK FOR BREEDING FOXES— PAIR GUARANTEED, AND PROVEN breeders, two litters. Male high-grade silver, cross female; price $350, and others. Polar Star Silver Fox Co., Townsend, Del. RAISE BELGIAN HARES FOR ME. I furnish magnificent, young thoroughbred Rufus Red stock at $2 each, and buy all you raise at 30 to 00 cents per pound, live weight; send ten cents for complete Breeder’s Instruction Booklet. Frank E. Cross, 6433 Ridge, St. Louis, Mo. WILD DUCKS, DECOYS, BREEDERS. CALL- ers. Gray Mallard, $3.50 pair; $2 each extra hen. English callers, $7 pair; pairs only; extra drakes. E. Breman Co., Danville, 111. MISCELLANEOUS ALL KINDS SAFETY RAZOR BLADES sharpened. Better than new. 35^ a dozen. All work guaranteed. Prompt attention given. Flack & Company, South Bend, Indiana. EARN $25 WEEKLY, SPARE TIME, WRIT- ing for newspapers, magazines. Exp. unnec.; de- tails Free. Press Syndicate, 529, St. Louis, Mo. GOES’ LIQUID POISON CAPSULES KILL animals on spot. Goes’ Luring Bait attracts them. Thirteenth season in market. Free circulars when mentioned this paper. Edmund Goes, Mil- waukee, Wis.. Station C. ^ SHORT STORIES, POEMS, PLAYS, ETC., are wanted for publication. Literary Bureau, 149, Hannibal. Mo. PATENTS INVENTIONS COMMERCIALIZED. CASH or royalty. A^am Fisher Mfg. Co., 195A, St. Louis. Mo PHOTO ENLARGEMENTS BEAUTIFUL 8 x 10 ENLARGEMENT MADE of your favorite dog from small photo or film. Send 50d P. O. Order to J. McGurk, 1015 Gratiot Avenue. Detroit. Michigan. PHOTO FINISHING MAIL US 15c. "WITH ANY SIZE FILM FOR development and 6 velvet prints; or send 6 nega- tives any size and 15if for 6 prints; 8x10 mounted enlargements, 35^; prompt, perfect service. Roa- noke Photo Finishing Co.. 220 Bell Ave.. Roanoke, Va. REAL ESTATE FOR SPORTSMEN $5.00 DOWN. $5.00 MONTHLY: SEVEN acres fruit, poultry, fur farm; river front; Ozarks; $100; hunting, fishing, trapping. 1973 North Fifth, Kansas City, Kans. 160 ACRES FINE RANCH PROPOSITION, terms — Also Fish Farm, Black Bass. Frank Spaf- ford. Shell Lake, Wis. CALIFORNIA ATTRACTIVE 6 ROOM BUNGA- low in mountains; 4 miles from steam and electric lines; 60 miles from San Francisco; auto roads. Climate perfect, 300 acres, part cultivated, good timber; soil will produce anything; perfect water system. Big money in prunes; ideal conditions for turkeys. Salmon and mountain trout in season; fine hunting. Large living room with open fire- place. Interior very attractive; bathroom, two toilets, sanitary conditions perfect. Stone cellar, large barn and out buildings. School on grounds, $8,500. Terms. Margaret Haager, Oakville, Napa Co., Cal. SITUATION WANTED GENTLEMAN — EXPERT, AMATEUR sportsman, fisherman, outside games. Woodcraft &c., desires situation as private secretary or com- panion. Can do nearly anything. Correspondence solicited. Secretary, P. Q. Box, 392, Halifax. N.S. KENNEL MART MISCELLANEOUS AIREDALES, COLLIES, BULL AND IRISH terrier pups, poodles, etc., $10,00 and $15.00. Large stock, quick sales, small profits. Consult me before buying elsewhere. Leo Smith, 309 Barrow St., Jersey City, New Jersey. FOR SALE — ENGLISH BULL TERRIOR DOGS, six months old, out of Queen “Bess” of the Quivere Kennel breed, and sired by Haymarket Borden, one of the famous Haymarket Terriers. If interested in something good, write me. J. C. Daum, Nortonville, Kansas. HOUNDS AND HUNTING — MONTHLY Magazine featuring the hound. Sample free. Address Desk F, Hounds and Hunting, Decatur, 111. MANGE CURE, LIQUID SULPHUR, CURES mange on all animals. Simple to make and easy to use. Formula, $1.00. Fink, 4153 Wyoming, St. Louis. Mo. MANGE. ECZEMA, EAR CANKER GOITRE, sore eyes cured or no charge; write for particu- lars. Eczema Remedy Company, Dept. F., Hot Springs, Ark. NORWEGIAN BEAR DOGS — IRISH WOLF Hounds, English Bloodhounds, Russian Wolf hounds, American Fox Hounds, Lion Cat, Deer, Wolf, Coon and Varmint Dogs; fifty page highly illustrated catalogue, 5^. stamps. Rookwood Ken- nels, Lexington, Ky. ^>UG DOG — FAWN. TWENTY MONTHS OLD; imported stock; perfect beauty; unusually bright. Price $50. Mrs. Geddes, 19 Vassar Street, Wor- cester, Mass. BIXTY-MINU’rE WORM REMEDY FOR Dogs — A vegetable compound administered with food. Harmless. Results guaranteed. Prepaid, 8 doses 50c.; 18, $1.00; 50, $2.00; lOO, $3.50. Chemical Products Co., Box 1523, Minneapolis, Minn. TRAINED BEAGLES, RABBIT HOUNDS, fox-hounds, coon, opossum, skunk, dogs, setters, pointers, pet, farm dogs, ferrets, guinea pigs, fancy pigeons, rats, mice, list free. Violet Hill Kennels, Route 2, York, Pa. SPANIELS COCKER, SPANIELS, HIGHEST QUALI’TY English and American strains; hunting, attractive auto and family dogs; puppies, males, $15; fe- males, $10. Obo Cocker Kennels, “Englewood,” Denver, Colorado. CALIFORNIA GOLD, QUARTER SIZE, 27c; 54 size, 53c; Dollar size, $1.10. Large cent, 100 years old and catalogue, 10c. Norman Shultz, King City, Mo. INDIAN BASKETS— WHOLESALE AND RE- tail. Catalogue. Gilham, Highland Springs, Cali- fornia. AUTO ACCESSORIES FORDS START EASY IN COLD WEATHER with our new 1919 carburetors. 34 miles per gal- lon. Use cheapest gasoline or half kerosene. Increased power. Styles for any motor. Very slow on high. Attach it yourself. Big profits to agents. Money Back Guarantee. 30 days’ trial. Air Friction Carburetor Co., 550 Madison, Day- ton, Ohio. business opportunities MAKE DIE-CASTINGS, SKETCH, SAMPLE, Booklet and Proposition 12^. R. Byrd, Bo 227, Erie, Pa. BUTTERFLIES WANTED— NAME AND ADDRESS IN ANY country outside of United States of person to collect butterflies for me. Will trade one pair of $9 Ground Gripper shoes for 100 specraens. No duplicates in lot. W'ritc at once. E. W. Burt, 32 West St., Boston, Mass. II Every month thousands of || II Sportsmen, some of them in the || II towns, some on the farms, and || II others at the end of “blazed || II trails” read FOREST AND || II STREAM. They are men after || II your own heart, they like the || II things you like, and most of || II them are ready to buy, or sell || II or trade, guns, rifles, rods, reels, || II telescopes, cameras and other || II things that Sportsmen use. || II A nominal charge of five (5) || || cents a word will carry your || |l message to our army of readers. || mimiitmiiiMiiiiumnNiiiiiiimiimimiMiiiiiminiiiimiiiiiimimiiiimiiiiiimminiiiK LIVE STOCK FOR SALE— SILVER BLACK FOXES OF pure strain, guaranteed. S. E. Cannon, Sum- merside. Route No. 1, P. E. Island. PEDIGREED NEW ZEALANDS, BELGIANS. Flemish Giants and Utility Rabbits. Fine Heal- thy Stock. Forest City Babbitry, 1810 W. State St., Rockford, 111. 44 FOREST AND S T R E A M January, I9lu Central Parli West — 74th and 75th Streets Overlooking Central Park’s most pictur- esque lake Especially attractive during the Fall and Winter months. Appeals to fathers, mothers and children. Rooms and bath — $2.50 upwards. Parlor, bedroom and bath — $4.00 per day and upwards. SPECIAL WEEKLY RATES. Please Write for Illustrated Booklet. Ownership Management — Edmund M. Brennan. BiiiMiiiiiimuiiiinnimnmimminiiiiimmmimiii E L.EEDS COMPANY^ | EimiiiniiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimniuiiiiiiimmimiiiiiiminiMiimimiiimiimiiiiiilia Fish For Uncle Sam Contest The complete story of Forest & Stream’s *‘Fish For Uncle Sam” prize contest, together with announcement of prize- winners, will be published in our next issue. FOREST & STREAM :: {Publishers) HOW TO USE BAITS IN TRAPPING (continued from page 19) feeding the fur bearers months before a set is made. When this is done, the animals get used to coming to the places for what they want to eat and in a way, seem less shy of man and human odor. Consequently, when traps are located, good catches can be expected. There is no bait to compare with that made by taking the generative glands of the animals — both male and female may be employed, but the latter is pref- erable— and squeezing the contents into alcohol. But a small quantity of the pre- servative is needed. While the attractor is best when the sacs are obtained dur- ing the mating season, they can be used nicely other times as well. The glands from the mink can be made into bait for the mink; those from the muskrat for the muskrat. I do not mean that other animals will take no notice of a differ- ent kind of odor from their own, but as a rule, it is best to have a single decoy for each. Crows, hawks and jays, are worth- less as attractors for the smaller animals. It seems to matter little whether they are plucked or not. Even the skunk and civet avoid them unless very hungry. Meat which has frozen and thawed several times, loses its power to draw fur bearers, especially the smaller ones. So far as possible, decoys should be kept fresh. It is not necessary, however, to change them each morning, but after they have been left for a week or ten days, fresh baits are recommended. In placing these, it is well to note care- fully the signs which may be nearby. Perhaps the set itself ought to be moved to a different location. The observing pelt hunter can tell by the tracks and other indications. The one who uses lures, either na- tural or artificial, must keep con- stantly experimenting. What is good for one animal in a place, might not be in another only a short distance away. Again, in the fall of the year a carrot could be best for muskrat; two months later in the same place a potato. So far as possible, one must employ com- mon sense in his selection of attractors. For instance, if raccoon have access to fields of corn the best results could not be expected with it for a bait. Not only is it an art to know when to use a decoy and what to employ, but how to arrange it. To illustrate, it is not necessary to have a piece of musk- rat flesh staked along a slide for mink. The meat will cause tbem to be suspici- ous and in a place where fur could be expected, no catches made. In the case just mentioned, the draw was of the right kind but unnecessary. Another illustration comes to my mind which serves to show that for the more cunning animals at least, great care ought to be observed in having the at- tractor appear natural as to location. Suppose the trapper is after raccoon and has made up his mind to conceal a set FOREST A X D S T R E A ]\I 45 f THE KENNEL MART "A- m January, 1919 i I near a small log extending into shallow I water. The beginner would be apt to I put a fish on top of the log, but the ex- perienced pelt hupter would arrange the bait with sticks so it appeared it washed there, ready to feed the animal. Details must not be slighted if one expects big pay for the time spent on his line. When arranging meat lures for mink, it is best to have it above the water. If craw-fish are selected, anchor them I among stones in riffles where the fur bearers naturally expect to find them. When the head of a rabbit is employed for weasel, place it so as to give a lifelike appearance. Never leave boot marks around traps. Eradicate them so far as possible. For mink and raccoon, human smell may be destroyed by dashing water over that I with which the hands have come in con- tact. However, remember if a scent is used, it must be placed last of all, otber- : wise one will wash it away. Rain affects most of the artificial baits. A heavy downpour will cause even the I best to be worthless, for the odor van- ishes. Let me add, too, an injunction ^ never to pour such decoys on the ground. A twig dipped in the mixture is ideal. SOME trappers skin the animals they catch while covering their line. This saves them carrying the heavy and in many cases, soaked carcasses. How- ever, when this is done, never leave them for the others to feed on, for if this is done, baits will not prove as effective as they otherwise would. Once in a while, I however, it is a good idea to locate small ' bits of flesh at promising spots to see whether they are disturbed or not. In case they are, likely places for sets can frequently be had. The young pelt hunter often does not stop to consider that meat too near houses may draw dogs and cats instead of fur bearers. Again, crows and hawks fre- quently molest flesh when it can be plain- ly seen. It is best to cover such attrac- tors lightly with brush or weeds. When this is done there is less chance of it being stolen. UNLAWFUL TO KILL THESE BIRDS The Federal migratory bird treaty act regulations prohibit throughout the United States the killing at any time of the following birds: Band-tailed pigeon ; common ground doves and scaled doves; little brown, sandhill, and whooping cranes; wood duck, swans; curlews, willet, upland plover, and all shore birds (except the black-bellied and golden ployers, Wilson snipe or jacksnipe, woodcock, and the greater and lesser yellowlegs) ; bobolinks, catbirds, chicadees, cuckoos, flickers, fly- catchers, grossbeaks, humming birds, kinglets, martins, meadow larks, night- hawks or bull-bats, nuthatches, orioles, robins, shrikes, swallows, swifts, tana- gers, titmice, thrushes, vireos, warblers, waxwings, whip-poor-wills, woodpeckers, and wrens, and all other perching birds which feed entirely or chiefly on insects; and also auks, auklets, bitterns, fulmars, gannets, grebes, guillemots, gulls, herons, jaegers, loons, murres, petrels, puffins, shearwaters, and terns. The publishers of Forest and Stream desire to inform the public that it is impossible for them to assume re- sponsibility for satisfactory transac- tions between buyers and sellers brought in contact through these columns. This applies particularly to dogs and live stock. In transactions between strangers, the purchase price in the form of a draft, money order or cer- tified check payable to the seller should be deposited with some disinterested third person or with this office with the understanding that it is not to be transferred until the dog or other article that is the subject of negotia- tion has been received and upon ex- amination found to be satisfactory. AIREDALES AIREDALES OF QUALITY: TWO MALES, two females. XVhelped -August 2nd, 1918 by Champion Normanton Tipit, out of Morna of Cralan, both sire and dam being by International Champion Tinturn Tip Top. Large husky in- dividuals, the kind you are looking for. Avo- court Kennels, Lock Box 75. Newton. N. J. FOR SALE — PEDIGREED FEMALE AIRE- dale terrier, born July 27, 1916, $15. Edward Eg- genberger, Greeley, Pa. WASHOE AIREDALES HAVE A NATIONAL reputation for gameness, intelligence, and high standard of appearance. Puppies rich in the blood of champions, guaranteed workers, and out of the foundation stock of our kennels, now for sale. Washoe Kennels, Anaconda, Mont. WASHOE AIREDALES — SPECIAL OFFERS— Two bitches in whelp, one of them imported, vet- eran hunters and real airedales, $50 and $35, wortli double. -Also three open bitches that have made "airedale history at $25 to $40. Am cutting down. Washoe Kennels. Anaconda. iMont. BEAGLES BEAGLES PUPPIES, WINNERS AND trained dogs; $5.00 to $15.00. Seven days trial. M. W. Baublitz, Seven A’alleys, Pa. COLLIES THE LARGEST AND BEST COLLIES IN this country for their age sent on approval. Book on the training and care of Collies, fifty cents. Dundee Collie Kennels, Dundee, Mich. WHITE COLLIES, BEAUTIFUL, INTELLI- gent, refined and useful; pairs not a kin for sale. The Shomont, Monticello, la. GUN DOGS CHESAPEAKE PUPPIES — NATURAL RE- trievers — Whelped from the best retrieving stock. Fine Specimens, (eligible). Barron & Orr, Box 17, Mason City, Iowa. FOR SALE— ENGLISH SETTER, TWO YEARS old. Thoroughly broken on quail and pheasants. Price $100. I Emery Ranck, Lancaster, Pa. LLEWELLIN, ENGLISH, IRISH SETTER pups and trained do-gs, also Irish Water Spaniels, Chesapeake Bay Retriever, Pointers both in pups and trained dogs. Inclose stamps for price lists. Thoroughbred Kennels, Atlantic, Iowa. HOUNDS BOYS— I HAVE A TEAM OF REAL COON- hounds. Will train your dog with them and guarantee satisfaction for $20. Avery Hollis, New Light, La. COON— FOX— RABBIT HOUNDS— SETTERS and Pointers — big game hounds. Price list Jas. H. Grisham’s Kennels, Wheeler, Jliss. SALE OR EXCHANGE— FOX HOUNDS, 6 months. Fox Terrier bitches, 20 months. What have you? Stamp. Geo. Inskeep, Promise City, Iowa. SOUTHERN FARM COON HOUND KENNELS, Class .A. .A. dog for sale, $10. Edward G. Faile, White Plains, N. Y. WESTMINSTER KENNELS, TOWER HILL, Illinois, offers Crackerjack Rabbit Hounds. Ten days trial at fifteen. Dogs just beginning to trail at $9. Also choice coon, skunk and oppossum hounds. THE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF SPORT Four Mag-nificent 7^/^" x 10*4" Volumes Each Weig-hing' Over Four Founds Twenty-nine Exquisite Plates (5" x 8") in Color More Than Eighteen Hundred Illustrations Every Branch of Sport or Pastime Comprehen- sively Covered by Expert Authorities. Printed on Fine Quality of Book Paper Handsomely Bound in Cloth or Leather Only Twenty Sets Available Unquestionably the greatest work on the subject of sport, pastime, recreatire life, and natural his- tory ever published. Tliis work goes beyond mere description of indi- vidual subjects. It tells the angler all about fish and fishing. It covers every species of fish from trcut to whale. It describes every form of equip- ment— It tells the hunter everything pertaining to guncraft. woodcraft, dogs, camping and equipment in addition to haunts and habits of big and little game. — It tells how to manage a canoe and how to build one, — It tells the photographer everj'thing that is knowm about his camera. — It describes everything fully and completely that may con- tribute to a proper realization of the joys and pleasures derived from every known sport or pastime. The following titles suggest the scope of treatment recorded in this wonderful work. If the particu- lar form of sport or recreation that you personally enjoy is not included. in the list given, it is in- cludemen and Girls as well as Men and Boys are enthusiastic Skiers. In Norway and Sweden Ski- ing is the sport of Kings and Queens. Princes and Princesses and in this country it is the "King” of Wintej^ Sports. Write for Interesting Catalog. Northland Ski Mfg. Co., Ellis & Hampden Ave. Russell's “Ike . alton - Study that cross-section-four layers of leather between you S and the trail give full protec- — tion without extra weight of H stiff sole- leather sole. The » lightest boot ever made for hard W service. Stands the gaff— and m keeps your feet dry. Special " clirome waterproofed cow-hide, M chocolate color, with sole piece ^ of wonderful Maple Pac hide ^ that outwears sole leather. ^ Note our patent “Never W Rip” watershed seams— ^ > stitches to lead water in to your ^ ^ foot. ^ " It's ihd boot for still hunters, bird hunters, hshermen and all-around “hikers.” Made to your measure, any height. Write for Complete Catalogue — Free W. C. RUSSELL MOCCASIN CO. Berlin, Wis. GOOD HUNTING AT MODERATE COST Newport Springs Camp Cottages, Newport, Fla. Quail, wild turkey, deer, ducks and -geese in abundance. Charming location on St. Marks river, twenty miles from Tallahassee, near Gulf of Mex- ico. Season Opens Nov 20th. Sulphur swimming i)ool. Water beneficial for rheumatism and indigestion. Ideal winter climate. For particulars address Nathaniel Brewer, Jr., Newport. Florida. From Patterns and printed instructions. Save 3-8 cost. Work Easy. Materials fur- • njshed. Also finish coats. Send for Catalogue Ph and prices. F. H. Darrow Steel Boat Co. 611 Perry St., Albion, Mich AMERICAN GAME BIRDS By Chester A. Reed Is a book written especially for sportsmen as a concise guide to the identification of game birds to be found in this country. Over one hundred species of game birds are faithfully de- picted by the colored pictures, and the text gives considerable idea of their habits and tells where they are to be found at different seasons of the year. These illustrations are repro- duced from water-color paintings by the author, whose 'books on birds and flowers have had the largest sale of any ever published in this country. They are made by the best known process by one of the very first engraving houses in the country and the whole typography is such as is rarely seen in any hook. The cover is a very attractive and unique one, a reproduction of leather made from the back of a boa con- strictor with set-in pictures of game birds. Price, 6o cents. FOREST & STREAM (Book Dept.) 9 EAST 40th STREET NEW YORK CITY ! AMENDMENTS TO BIRD TREATY ACT The United States Department of Ag- riculture announces the promulga- tion of amendments and additions to the Migratory Bird Treaty Act Regulations. Hereafter the open season for black- bellied and golden plovers and greater and lesser yellowlegs in Texas will be from September 1 to December 15. An- other change prescribes a daily bag limit of 50 sora to a person in addition to the bag limit of not to exceed 25 for other rails, coots, and gallinules. An amendment of Regulation No. 6 has the effect of removing the limitation on the number of birds that may be trans- ported within a State during the Federal open season. The export of migratory game birds is limited to two days’ bag limit during any one calendar week of the Federal season. Persons must com- ply with State laws further restricting the shipment or transportation of migra- tory birds. An amendment to paragraph 2 of Reg- ulation No. 8, which is of great interest to breeders of game, permits migratory water fowl raised in domestication to be killed by shooting during the respective open seasons for waterfowl, and the sale thereof subject to State laws; but after March 31, 1919, such waterfowl, killed by shooting, can not be sold or purchased unless each bird, before attaining the age of 4 weeks, shall have had removed from the web of one foot a portion there- of in the form of a “V” large enough to make a permanent well-defined mark, which shall be sufficient to identify it as a bird raised in domestication. Another amendment provides that the plumage and skins of migratory game birds legally killed may be possessed and transported without a Federal permit, provision is also made for the issuance of special permits authorizing taxidermists to possess, buy, sell, and transport migra- tory birds. Two new regulations have been added. Regulation No. 11 provides for the issu- ance of permits authorizing persons to sell migratory game birds lawfully killed^ and by them lawfully held in cold storage on July 31, 1918. Such birds may be sold under permit until March 31, 1919. Another new regulation is as follows; “Nothing in these regulations shall be construed to permit the taking, posses- sion, sale, purchase, or transportation of migratory birds, their nests and eggs contrary to the laws and regulations of any State, Territory, or District made for the purpose of giving further protection to migratory birds, their nests, and eggs when such laws and regulations are not inconsistent with the convention between the United States and Great Britain for the protection of migratory birds con- cluded August 16, 1916, or the migratory bird treaty act, and do not extend the open seasons for such birds beyond the dates prescribed by these regulations.” This regulation is a restatement of the substance of section 7 of the migratory bird treaty act, and is intended to remove the confusion and uncertainty that ex- ists in regard to the effect of the Fed- eral law and regulations on State game laws. FOREST AND STREAM 47 JANUAKY, 1919 DUCK SHOOTING ON THE BORDER (continued from page 19) a pleasure to see the dog tense all over, his eyes shining, and his ears pricked up as much as to say “Here they come, let’s open the season right.” At the crack of my double the dog lit twenty feet from the bank, and proceeded to re- trieve both ducks at once, which is rather remarkable when you figure the size of the sprig duck and the mouth of a Ches- apeake. However, he seemed to under- stand the exact procedure, because he first picked up the whole body of the first bird in his mouth and then tried to pick up the other bird. Finding this would not work, he dropped the first bird, went over and picked up the sec- ond bird and brought it over to where the first bird had fallen. He then tried to pick up both birds in his mouth, and in his attempt tried to put the bodies of both birds in his mouth at once with- out success. He then dropped both birds and looked at me in a wise sort of way, and barked several times. I encouraged him and all of a sudden he seemed to get the idea for he picked up the head of the first bird in his mouth and then the other, and came trotting into the blind as proud as could be, wagging his tail and seeming toi say “It was a hard proposition, but we figured it out.” For about an hour, my friend and I kept the birds busy working back and forth between our two ponds, and it was very excellent shooting. I have always said that the teal duck is, next to the mud hen, the most fool- ish of wild ducks that fly, and desiring to prove this again to my entire satis- faction, I permitted a flock of about ten teal to alight in my decoys. I rose up without firing, let them see me when they were only about fifteen yards from me. They immediately took to the air, circling up to the far end of the pond about one hundred yards when I took cover, they circling the pond twice, and lit back in the decoys about fifteen yards from me. I jumped up again and fired on them when they left, flew about a mile, then turned around and came right back to the decoys again, upon which I fired dropping one. I just put this little digression in to show the action of teal ducks in the range country here. All the other ducks are as wary in this sec- tion as in other places with the possible exception of the spoon bill who is more or less wooden headed, like the teal. As I said before, I quit shooting after about an hour, having twelve ducks, and wanting to get home for the evening. My friend came back from thg big lake with fourteen birds, and we started back for Marfa, after having had a very en- joyable shoot. It was enjoyable indeed to me because it was the first opportu- nity I had had to get out and do any duck shooting in the last three years. • There are plenty of birds in this sec- tion now but not nearly as many as there will be in November and December. We passed four coveys of Mexican blue quail on the road going in, each covey having from twenty-five to fifty birds. We did not disturb them as the season on them is not yet open. Previous to this I had seen a number of coveys of young birds, just able to fly. Right in close to Marfa, the quail shooting I do not believe will be especially good on account of the long drouth just broken by this fall’s rain. However, down towards the Rio Grande, between Candelaria and Bouquillas, I be- lieve therel are any number of coveys of blue quail, in fact, I have received re- ( ports that they are very thick. Interspersed amongst the coveys of blue quail one often encounters what is known in this country as a fool quail. They approximate the Bob White in color and size, having a sort of checkered breast. These quail will lie at your feet until almost stepped on, and will then fly a very short distance. They are practically the only quail in this coun- try on which a man can work a dog and not drive him crazy. Down towards Glenn Springs and Ter- lingua in the Chisos Mountain country I have seen numbers of deer signs and also quite a number of deer. I am sure that when the season opens, I will be able to go into this country and be al- most certain of bringing back a buck. Tbe ranchers in this country tell me that in the low foothills of the Chisos Moun- tains, which are about eighty miles south of Marathon, Texas, there are numbers of black tail deer, and up on the Chisos themselves any quantity of white tail deer. In fact, a Mr. Daniels who has a goat ranch up on the top of the Chisos Mountains requested me to come up and hunt there as the white tail deer were eating up the salt set out for his goats practically as fast as he could put it out. It is a beautiful trip from Marfa to the vicinity of Glenn Springs by auto- mobile, travelling about one hundred and forty miles through all kinds and de- scription of country. Leaving Marfa one takes the road following the railroad track to Alpine, a small town twenty- six miles east of Marfa on the S. P. railroad. Passing through range coun- try, etc., over Paisono Pass, the highest point on the S. P. Railroad between New Orleans and San Francisco. The alti- tude is approximately five thousand feet. Arriving at Alpine, one goes south on the road towards Terlingua, going through the foothills across wide open flats covered with grazing Herford cat- tle, passing through innumerable dry ar- royos, and now and then encountering a running spring. Along this road one encounters the familiar figure of the Mexican freighter hauling his supplies from Alpine to the Chisos Mining Com- pany at Terlingua, Texas. The freighter is a picturesque Mexican having a large wagon drawn by ten or twelve small burros, the Mexican riding one of the wheelers. All along the road one en- counters their camping grounds where they lay up for the night, and where they feed and graze their stock. About thirty-five miles out south of Alpine, one begins to encounter the flat I \ \ j I U.sTARMf&NA^^^^^ UNIFORMS AND EQUIPMENT FOR OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN Complete outfitters and dealers in govern- ment goods — from an army hat cord to a battleship. 5,000 useful articles for field service, camp- ing, outing, etc., in Army Officers* price list. 344 — sent on receipt of 3 cents postage. ARMY& NAVY STORE CO., Inc. Largest Outfitters No inflated prices Army & Navy Building 245 West 42nd St. New York City j f j i i i TROUT GALORE If you are interested in a trout fishing proposition that will carry you over many miles of streams and lakes, seldom if ever fished before, teeming with fine specimens of the “Font- inalis,” write to ED. L. WALTON Kempville, Yarmouth Co., Nova Scotia Wonderful new system of teaching note music by mail. To first pupils in each locality, we’ll give a $20 superb Violin. Mandolin, Ukulele, Guitar, HawaiianGuitar, Cornet or Banjo absolutely free Very small charge for lessons only expense. W e guarantee succes* or no charge. Complete outfit free. Write at yce— no obligation. SLINGEBLAND SCHOOL OF MUSIC, Dept. 4811 CHICAGO, ILL. 1919 OLD FISHERMAN’S CALENDAR Send for one of these interesting calendars and try it out thoroughly. Contains the Fishing Signs for 1919 arranged in graphic form for easy un- derstanding by all. It is the only Calendar granted a copyright by the Library of Congress for the annual re-arrangement of its figures. Send 25<} for one to-day to 0. F. CALENDAR, Box 1466 H. Sta. Springfield, Mass. THOUSANDS OF WILD DUCKS can be attracted to the lakes, rivers and fiondfl near you if you plant the foods they ove— WILD CELERYT Wild Rice. ^ Duck Potato, etc. Wild Duck attractions my specialty.. matioD and prices TERRELL, Naturalist Dept. H-40 Oshkosh, Wis,^ To complete FOREST & STREAM file ad- vertiser will pay $1.00 for one copy of FOREST & STREAM— JANUARY 1915 $1.00 FOR ONE COPY— FEBRUARY 1915 $1.00 FOR ONE COPY— MARCH 1915 $1.00 FOR ONE COPY— JUNE 1916 ADDRESS LIBRARIAN. CARE FOREST & STREAM, 9 E. 40th St., New York City The Blue Grass Farm Kennels OF BEERY, KENTUCKY offer for sale Setters and Pointers, Fox and Cat Hounds, Wolf and Deer Hounds, Coon and Opos- sum Hounds, \’armint and Rabbit Hounds, Bear and Lion Hounds also Airedale Terriers. All dogs shipped on trial, purchaser alone to judge the quality. Satisfaction guaranteed or money refunded. 60-page, highly illustrated, interesting and instructive catalogue for lOti in stamps or coin. “Where QUALITY meets PRICE to SATISFACTION of buyer” DOGS -ALL BREEDS AIREDALES A SPECIALTY 26 years in the line means something, and is a guarantee for SERVICE NEW YORK KENNELS 113 East 9lh St., New York Wrestling Book FREE Here’s your chance to be an expert wrestler. Learn ^sily at home by mail from world’s champions Frank Gotch and Farmer Burns. Free book tells Eou how. Secret holds, blocks and tricks revealed. lon’t delay. Be strong and healthy. Handle bi£ men with ease. Writs today. State your a?6. r Famjej,BimiSj[^9^amg^Bldgy^maha^Neh 48 FOREST A X 1) S T R E A M January, 1919 1 THE KENNEL MART “MEAT FIBRINE” FOR DOGS Its value during cold weather Colder weather means keener appetite! Therefore more food at this season is necessary and your interest in your dog’s welfare will lead you to give him a sustaining and strengthening diet. SPRATT’S DOG CAKES AND PUPPY BISCUITS Contain “Meat Fibrine” and you are acting in your own and your dog’s best interests by insisting on SPRATT’S. * Write for samples and send 2c stamp for catalogue SPRATT’S PATENT, LIMITED, Newark, N. J. San Francisco; St. Louis; Cleveland; Montreal. i DENT'S CONDITION PILLS all run-down, thin and unthrifty, if his coat is harsh and staring, his eyes inat- terated, bowels disturbed, urine high colored and frequently passed — if you feel badly every time you look at him —eating grass won’t help him. DENT’S CONDITION PILLS will. They are a time-tried formula, that will pretty nearly make a dead dog eat. As a tonic for dogs that are all out of sorts and those that are recovering from distemper or are afifected with mange, eczema, or some debilitating disease, there is nothing j to equal them. PRICE, PER BOX, 50 CENTS. I If your dog is sick and you do not know how to treat him, write to us and you will be given an expert’s opinion without charge. Pedigree blanks are free for postage — 4 cents a dozen. Dent’s Doggy Hints, a 32- page booklet, will be mailed for a two- cent stamp. The Amateur Dog Book, a practical treatise on the treatment, care and training of dogs, 160 pages fully illustrated, will be mailed for 10 cents. THE DENT MEDICINE CO. NEWBURGH, N. Y.; TORONTO, CAN. WANTED — Pointers and setters to train; game plenty. For sale trained setters, also some good rabbit hounds. Dogs sent on trial. Dogs boarded. Stamp for reply. 0. K. Ken- nels, Marydel, Kd. ENGLISH SETTERS and POINTERS A nice lot of good strong, healthy, farm raised puppies of the best of breeding GEO. W. L.OVELL Middleboro, Mass. Tel. 29.M IS THIS WORTH THE PRICE? Stop your dog breaking shot and wing. Teach him what whoa; means. No long trailing rope or spike collar. Our field dog control is not cruel. Can he carried in pocket and attached instantly to dog’s collar. Dog can’t bolt. Fast dogs can be worked in close and young ones field broken in a week. Works automatically — principal South American Bolas. Sent postpaid with full direc- tions for $2. Testimonials and circular sent on request. MAPLE ROAD KENNELS NEW PRESTON, CONN. Oorang Airedale Terriers The 20th Century All - Round Dog Choice Stock for Sale Six Famoas Oorangs at Stud Oorang Kennels Dept. H. La Rue, Ohio country and innumerable patches of rocky desert country. Interspersed be- tween these desert sort of patches are little arroyos, some of which have a few cotton wood trees. About sixty miles south of Alpine, you leave the main road cut off to the southeast on what we term the Red Bluff road. The Red Bluff road follows down through a val- ley which varies in width from a quarter of a mile of two miles, and in places makes excellent grazing country. Other places you find rocky and sandy. About fifteen miles on the Red Bluff Road you encounter the first foot hills of the Chisos Mountains, and from then on it is a continuous up and down until you arrive at a point about a mile north of Point Gap. From then on the road runs through a practically level country covered with chapparal and brush. About twenty miles from Glenn Springs, one encounters the Glenn Springs-Marathon road, and from here on down the country is rolling with some steep grades. About twelve miles out of Glenn Springs you pass a little schoolhouse set up on a hill at a place kno\vn as Dugout Wells. On one of my trips through the coutnry, I asked the school teacher how many students she had and she said it varied from seven to twelve, but that she expected one rancher’s family was going to move out, and then she would only have about four or five students. It struck me as quite a remarkable thing as showing the ex- tent of our educational system in this little schoolhouse way up in the moun- tains, only one house near it, and the children coming from distances up to twelve miles. At Glenn Springs, one finds a wax factory, the wax being made from boil- ing a weed known as Candelilla. The weed is boiled in a solution of sulphuric acid, which causes the scum to rise to the surface. This scum is scraped off, dried and hardened into wax. I under- stand a great deal of this wax is used in coating insides of shells for ourselves and the Allies, and also in the making of phonographic records. The Chisos Mountains are as rugged and rough as one could wish, and one finds innumerable white tail deer and just below the mountains in the foot- hills any number of the larger black tail species knowm to this country. THE FOREST SERVICE HELPS The Forest Service of the United States Department of Agriculture is mobiliz- ing the country’s forest resources by finding out what kinds and grades of wood are suitable for wartime’s special require- ments ; training inspectors of wood mate- rials; improving timber specifications; and investigating and testing material, process- es, and products used in manufacture of war supplies derived in whole or in part from wood. It is also stimulating the pro- duction of meat, wool, and hides on Na- tional Forest ranges; co-operating with stockmen to lower losses from poisonous plants ; aiding the Fuel Administration to increase fuel supplies through use of wood; and is teaching the conservation of natural resources. C. E. AKELEY, Museum of Natural History. New York. N. Y. FRANK S. DAGGETT. Museum of Science. Los Angeles, Cal. EDMUND HELLER, Smithsonian Inst., Washington, D. C. C. HART MERRIAM. Biological Survey, Washington. D. C. WILFRED OSGOOD, Field Museum, Chicago, 111. JOHN M. PHILLIPS, Pittsburgh. Pa. CHARLES SHELDON. Washington. D. C. GEORGE SHIRAS. Ill, Washington. D. C. GEORGE BIRD GRINNELL, New York. N. Y. The Forest and Stream Publishing Com*pany Nine East Fortieth Street, New York City 1 ■■■ibii-.hed Miinthly. .''iih'^cripliMn Rales: L'niieil States, S-'.(X> a ye.ir; Canada, .''j.tx) a year; Fii^eign Cinintrie.s, .S3 oo a ve.ir. Single Copies, 20 cents. Entered in New York I'o.st Office a^ Second Class Mail .Matter. 50 FOREST AND S T R E A .AI February, 1919 Pacific Coast Branch THE PHIL B. BEKEART CO. 717 Market St. San Francisco, Cal. Steel Fishing Rods i'lEEK and’ Blu^ Grass” Reels You need a complete rest. You don't know how tired you are. The excitement of the war has kept you going. Your reserve strength may be gone. You may be on the verge of a break- down. Plan a fishing trip. Make it long enough so that you can “let down” clear to the bottom, and then build up clear to the top ready for the hard work of reconstruction. You will need all your strength and patience and good judgment to make the most of this after-the-war readjust- ment. “Bristol” Rods and Meek Reels are your friends — true friends. They help regain the most precious things in the world — your own good health, happiness and enthusiasm. No other sport brings such complete pleasure and contentment. The practical fishing kit has at least five “Bristol” Rods — I- A 5^4 oz. fly rod, like 29, at $6.50; or a heavier fly rod, like 8, at $4.50 to $6.25; or the De Luxe “Bristol” fly rod, silk wound, at $25.00; 2. An all-around trolling, bait and still-fishing rod, like ii, at $4.50 to $6.75; 3. A light bait casting rod, like 33, at $12.00; or the De Luxe “Bristol” bait casting rod, silk wound, at $25.00; 4. A muscallonge, pickerel, pike and weak fish rod, like 21, at $6.75 to $8.50; 5. An adjustable telescopic fly rod, like 38, at $4.50 to $5.50; or an adjustable telescopic bait casting rod, like 36, at $6.85 to $9.25. If you go out after tuna, tarpon and shark, you need a heavy rod, like “Bristol” 26, at $12.00 to $14.00. Meek and Bluegrass Reels are perfect companions for “Bristol” Rods or any fine fishing equipment. They last a life time. Prices range from $10.00 to $32.00. “Bristol” Rods, ]\Ieek and Bluegrass Reels are for sale by sporting goods dealers everywhere, or can be ordered by mail at catalogue «».- prices, provided your local dealer does not seem anxious to accommodate you. Write for illustrated catalogue, mailed free on request. THE HORTON MANUFACTURING COMPANY 84 Horton Street BRISTOL CONN. -=^4^ HUNTING THE IRISH RED DEER THE WILD DEER OF THE IRISH MOUNTAINS IS A GLORIOUS ANIMAL. WHOSE BEAUTY AND EXTREME WARINESS MAKE HIM A NOTEWORTHY OBJECT OF A HUNTER’S AMBITION By SIR THOMAS H. GRATTAN-ESMONDE M. P. The author, ready for a day on the moors For several years I have been reading Forest and Stream I with its fascinating stories of North American hunting. These I stories appeal to me all the more , strongly, inasmuch as I too have felt the irresistible call of the wilds. I have followed your forest tracks; navigated your lakes and ; rivers; climbed your mountains; ' “called” your moose; and hunted ' your deer and caribou. And as j one who has lived the life best I worth living — the life of the hunter in many countries, I appreciate the service your admirable magazine ! has rendered, and will I trust long ' continue to render, to the cause of real genuine sport. The primeval hunting instinct is I not the monopoly of any race or I of any country. It is the attribute of the best types of manhood, even in our super-civilized days. The hunter, whatever his nationality, belongs to the most widely distrib- 1 uted brotherhood of men in exist- ence; a brotherhood whose natural j inclination leads them to help and I to inform one another. And there- 1 fore I think, that your readers may care to know something of one kind I of hunting in my country, which I can compare for interest and dif- ficulty with anything of its na- ture in the world. We have neither moose, nor Virginia deer, nor caribou in Ireland; but in our wild Irish red deer we have a glorious animal, whose beauty and extreme wari- ness make him a noteworthy object of a hunter’s ambition. ’ Unhappily he is very scarce and is be- coming scarcer. Rut in the mountains of Kerry and in the Western district of Mayo he is still to be found in his prim- itive state. And it is into this latter region that I shall ask those of your readers, who covet an Irish red deer’s head, to follow me. The stalk is not an easy one, but it is well worth the effort. OUR headquarters are a comfortable stone-built cottage, named Altna- brocky (in English, The Hill of the Badgers), standing in the centre of a wide stretch of bog, or barren, as they would call it in Canada, on a bend of the little river of the same name. We have laid in a stock of provisions of the usual Canadian type; and we have besides a plentiful supply of turf for fuel, cut from the barren outside. The party consists of the keeper, or guide, William McAndrew, a thorough sportsman; a friend of mine, a notable fisherman, whose chief con- cern however is with trout and salmon, so I leave him to his fish- ing and he leaves the deer to me; and Mrs. McAndrew, the keeper’s wife, an estimable lady, who un- dertakes our housekeeping, and whose excellent potato-cakes (a kind of scone or damper), are tri- umphs of art. The river is about 100 yards off. We have to ford it every time we get to the moor. If the water is too high, we cross it on the back of an admirable donkey, whose main occupation seems to be carrying people across and back again. When the donkey grows tired of playing Charon, he wan- ders off and until he reappears there is no crossing the river dry- shod. Sometimes there is no cross- ing the river at all. It has grown to the size of a flood with the rain from the hills, and its brown swirl- ing waters are nearly up to the cottage door. Then, as after a South African rain storm, we must wait until the water runs away. When we cross the river we find ourselves on an undulating barren, that stretches away miles and miles to the North and East; while to the West it rises to Sleive Cor, a gaunt grey hill some 2000 feet high, or rather to his foothills, about five miles away. Sleive Cor was a volcano some time or other. He has three craters with high semi-circular cliffs behind them, about halfway up his flank. Each of these craters has its lake, and each lake its differing type of trout to tempt the angler. TWO of these lakes have waterfalls, emptying themselves right down the sheer faces of the cliffs. Their silver threads are plainly visible from the cottage when the sun shines on them. The foothills were evidently thrown out Copyr.cht, 1919, by Forest and Stream Publishing Company. 12 FOREST AND STREAM February, 1919 »f the craters when the volcano was active aeons ago; and^from their feet the barren slopes down to the river, looking quite even and smooth, until you come to walk it. Then you find that it runs in gradual undulations, with oc- •asional “ corries ” or fissures, down, which streamlets drain into the main river below. The wide brown expanse is abso- lutely bare. There is not a tree to be seen anywhere. Not even a bush. No cover of any sort except in the corries, where the banks on each side of them give some shelter from the furious winds that sw'eep over the region and enable the long heather to grow, with a rare stunted alder or willow. A more difficult deer-stalk- ing country, or one more calculated to try the mettle of a hunter, it is impos- sible to conceive. When the deer come down from the up- lands they hide in the corries by day. There they get all the feed they want, and all the shelter they need. You can’t see them, unless they come up to the corrie edges, to feed or sun themselves. But they can see you miles away over the moor, or wind you with their mar- vellous noses, as you follow the corries up or down. Hence deer-stalking in West Mayo is the real thing, no nonsense or artificiality about it. You must work and use your wits; and you must work hard if success is to reward you. These barrens are very wet; but the walking is sound except over “tussocks,” i. e., places where the turf is cracked and fissured in all directions to a depth of two or three feet, and where you must step from tussock to tussock with a scant foothold on each. There are occasional bog-holes, or “shakes” or “muskegs.” But you can see them and keep out of them, more or less. The walking is in- teresting, too, as on all these Irish bogs. You have a wide view of the far-flung barren to the East, in every shade of brown and purple; merging into grey and blue in the far distance. To the South, Nephin More, the highest mountain in Mayo, and his brother, Nephin Beg, stand out prominently. There are lesser hills, too, with many names, between them and Sleive Cor. And there are scores of lakes, little and big; their largest Lough Conn, the greatest of the Mayo lakes, 12 or 15 miles away. The famous mountain Croagh Patrick is visible to the South, from the upper crest of Sleive Cor, about 20 miles off. And Blacksod Bay, a vast Fjord running in from the Atlantic, would be about the same distance to the West. With this sketch of the lie of the land, we proceed to stalking the Irish red deer. ■' i Having forded the river Me Andrew and I usually made for a knoll on the moor, about a mile due west of the cottage. Thence we spied out the land with our glasses, to locate a deer if possible. The first day we spied a hind, on the edge of a corrie to the North; so we came back and made a long swing to the right, until we struck the corrie about 1% miles from where we thought she was. I should explain that I never shoot hinds or does, either at home or abroad, but it is often useful to stalk a hind, failing to spot a stag, as he may be somewhere near her. We struck the corrie and followed up its bed until we saw the hind again with a second hind and a fawn, about 300 yards away. We crawled on, until we could get no further, for she spied us as we crossed a bend of the stream. Up went, her head with its long ears ! We stopped motionless and she looked at us. We remained motionless, so as not to stampede them, on the chance of a stag being near them. They were a pretty sight, on the edge of a little cliff with the stream below. Yellow bracken and green rushes, and brown moor and pur- ple heather, made a charming setting, with the blue sky overhead, for the grace- ful bodies and bright red-orange coats of the dear, as the sun shone full upon them. They were very suspicious how- ever, and after looking at us for some minutes and sniffing the air to get our wind, they trotted up the corrie and dis- appeared. We followed up the stream and presently a hind appeared, and then another, on the moor to our left, coming towards us, and then just behind them, a great stag came majestically into view. He was a superb creature. He looked quite black with the sun behind him and carried a great head with conscious pride. The sun was right in my eyes. All I could distinguish was the dark massive frame with the branching antlers above it. I tried to count his points, but failed. There was a shimmering halo all about him. McAndrew touched my arm and whispered: “That’s the Black Stag!” It was an exciting moment. I should explain that round the turf fire at the cottage, in the evenings, when discussing our campaign over our pipes, McAn- drew had told me that there were two stags on Altna- brocky immeasura- bly beyond the rest in size and beauty. One he called the Red Stag and the other the Black Stag. They both carried good heads and w'ere both ex- tremely shy; but the Black Stag was amazingly so, and only appeared at long and rare in- tervals. H e h a d been in the moun- tains for years, but condescend- ed to show himself very seldom. And as my special luck would have it, here he was, within range more or less, on our first day out! The deer were some way off; farther than I would care to shoot at in ordinary circumstances. They were moving round our left and must wind us immediately. But it was the “Black Stag.” I might never see him again! I chanced the sun and the distance, tried a lon^ shot and missed! The big stag plunged into the corrie and disappeared with his company. When I saw him again a few minutes later he was a mile away making for the hills. Next day we went South tow'ards Nephin Beg, traveling down wind so as to come back along the foot- hills with the wind in our faces. We came to the corrie where the badgers live and give their name to the district; when round the side of a mound opposite I saw a stag’s antlers. But he had winded us and was moving away. We crossed to where I had seen him and tracked him to another ravine farther on. There he turned up its bed to the right up-wind. This was all right; so we ate our biscuits and had a smoke. We then worked up the corrie to close where it ended near the last of the Sleive Cor lakes; turned north and walked along the face of the hill to a corrie issuing from the second, or middle lake. We spied up and down, as well as we could, saw nothing and pushed on. We came to another corrie. McAndrew was above me. I was negotiating a stretch of tussocks when he shouted to me to look across the ravine. There was our stag moving away on the other side of it to the left. I shot the bolt of my Our headquarters, Altnabrocky Cottage in County Mayo, Ireland Februaky, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 53 rifle, took a hurried glance along the sights, pressed the trigger. Miss-fire! Out with the cartridge. In with an- other. Bang! Missed! Out with the empty shell. In with another. Miss- fire again! The stag by this time was round the corner, unscathed. We picked up his trail and followed him. He was in a hurry and easily traced; his hoof- prints showing deep in the soil. As usual he ran up wind and we followed him across the face of Sleive Cor until we came to a valley, that branched West into the range. By this time he had recovered from his panic. He was walk- ing now and we could only track him with difficulty. So we climbed to the top of a mound and searched the coun- try with our glasses. By and by we picked him up, about two miles off, go- ing leisurely down to the moor. We followed down after him; keeping him in view from time to time, until he reached the open country. We could see him through the glasses, as we followed him from hill to hill, moving steadily across the flat; stopping to pick the grass, or to scratch his head with his hind hoof, and then moving on again. There was no chance of a shot at him now. The light was going. So we stood and watched. On he went. Sud- denly, like a great beetle, a black figure rose out of the barren. “The Black Stag again,” said McAndrew. He must have been lying on the moor. Our stag moved away to the left, still going down. The other stood and watched him. Then, about half a mile to the left, another beetle rose up. A red one this time. It was another stag. Number one seemed to be a friend of his and he moved leisurely towards him, the Black Stag standing like a sentinel all the time. Then hinds and fawns began to appear in all directions on the flat. It was nearly night now so we left them in peace and made our way home. The Fisherman had returned with a fine basket of trout and was rather in- clined to crow over us. But we for- gave him and partook of his catch with relish. We could afford to bide our time. Next day a furious storm came down, with sheets of rain and hail. So we stayed indoors and burnt tobacco and turf; grateful for an ample supply of both. The following day was not much bet- ter but we sallied out. This time we went to the Northeast, to a new spying point; and through a hail shower, I picked up two hinds and a stag, with the glass. They were in a very awkward position from our point of view, but in an ideal position from theirs. They were where two corries joined. The hinds were at the junction of one arm of the Y ; and stag a little way up the other arm on lower ground. If we went in the direction of the hinds, the stag would wind us. If we tried to stalk the stag, the hinds would see us and give him the alarm. These hinds are wonderful sentinels; quite as alert as the doe cari- bou, or the cow moose, if not more so. As it was a case of Hobson’s choice, we decided to test the vigilance of the hinds. So we swung round to the foot of the corrie and crept up it. All went well, until the inevitable happened. The hinds saw me coming up to the junction of the Y and scampered off. I made as fast as I could to the ravine where the stag lay; but as I got there, he disap- peared round the corner. We followed on right up to the foot-hills again and there we saw the deer half way up the mountain. So that ended that hunt. We then went North up wind to the next corrie and followed its course for a couple of miles. Then, turning a cor- ner, I saw a hind. I dropped and crawled backwards, until I got under the corrie bank. But the hind had seen me and taken fright. When I saw her next, still in the corrie, she had another hind, and a stag with her. They were mov- ing off. I chanced a snap shot at the stag. I could just see his head through a bunch of bracken and missed him. That ended that day’s hunting. Next day the weather improved some- what and we started off to our first spy- ing place. We saw a stag to the right of us and two hinds a long way to the right again. The wind and the situation were more favorable to us in their case, in the event of their having a stag in their company. So we decided to try our luck with them. We made a good job of it. I got within 80 yards of them, before they discovered me. But their stag was absent, though I found where he had been polishing his horns quite recently on an apology for a bush at a spring close by. WE then worked back to our first lookout. Our stag was still where we had seen him in the morning. But he was a long way off and he might not be there when we got there. “He may be the Red Stag after all,” suggested the untiring McAndrew. And that decided me. It was blowing a regular gale and abominably cold, but we hardened our hearts and off we started. After about an hour’s smart walking, we got round to the back of the knoll, where we judged he lay. The knoll was arrow-shaped behind and the problem was how best to approach him. It was blowing more furiously than ever in icy whirlwinds. I decided, fortunately as it turned out, to go over the centre of the knoll, instead of creeping round A herd of tame Irish red deer on a gentleman’s estate in Ireland; such deer are never hunted 54 FOR E S T A X 1) S T R E A M February, 1919 it. So we moved forward again. I scrambled through a wide belt of most uncompromising tussocks and crept up the back of the knoll. When at last 1 peeped over the top, the stag was below me, less than a hundi'ed yards to my left. Had I tried to approach him the other way he would have seen me. And, before he realized anything of my proceedings, my bullet had gone through him. He gave one or two convulsive kicks, as he lay on the ground. That was all. I doubt if the beautiful animal had any pain in his passing. And now a curious thing happened. Just as I fired, another stag rose out of a corrie I had not noticed, about 1,000 yards away from the far end of the knoll on which I stood. He had heard the shot perhaps and wanted to know what was going on. Anyhow he came straight towards me and right down wind. I threw myself flat and presently I sa\v the tips of his antlers through the heather, approaching the extremity of the little hill. I waited until I saw the antlers turning to the left and then I knew that he was changing his course. So I sprang to my feet and saw him passing round the end of the knoll. It was a lovely shot. But talk about wind ! It was blowing so hard that when I put my carbine to my shoulder I could hardly hold it. The foresight bobbed about like a cork in a mill-race. I fired one shot, which went over, I think. Then I scrambled to the top of the knoll and gave him another, which splashed up the water under his body, as he dived into the corrie and vanished. I followed him for about half a mile and got glimpses of him once or twice in the distance ; but he was making hot-foot for the hills and night was coming on. So I returned to my dead stag and found McAndrew contemplating him with evi- dences of complete satisfaction. “You’ve got the Red Stag all right,” was his greeting, when I came up. “That’s him and no mistake.” So, after all, that stalk was worth the trouble. We then took off the stag’s beautiful orange coat with our pen-knives; an op- eration McAndrew did not believe pos- sible. He had left his hunting knife at home. He was still more incredulous when I told him, that I meant to take off the stag’s head with my pen-knife. He said that an axe was necessary. But I performed the operation very quickly. It is quite simple when you know how. McAndrew carried the head, but we left the carcass to be brought in later. We were back to our tea and our turf fire, as the pale moon rose in the stormy sky. This time we triumphed over the fisher- man and he was pleased as we were. For the next two days we were weather-bound. Rain came down in torrents, with occasional storms of hail that clattered on the roof like the discharge of machine-guns. The moun- tains were blotted out and we were cut off from the visible world by a grey pall of vapor. The river rose and lapped at our doorstep ; and the angry gale battered at our windows and banged at our doors, as if all the ghosts of all the away from corries or cover of any kind, due west of where we lay and about 3,000 yards off. I turned on the glass and there right enough was the Black Stag lying against a little bank of black turf. This was the third time I had seen him and there was no mistaking his peculiar color and his ebon antlers. There he was. But the question was: How on Earth to get at him? He had chosen his resting-place with consummate skill. There was no cover within half a mile of where he lay. The wind had changed a little since the morning and was now' a point more North. This was in our favor to some extent. But, on the other hand, if we went towards the hills too far, he was certain to get our wind. And it w'as very difficult to distinguish the spot where he lay. How'ever, I marked a crack on the crest of Sleive Cor, straight over the stag from where we were, that would give me a sort of a bearing later on; and we decided on a wide turning move- ment from the left. It looked rather a forlorn hope; but there w'as j nothing else to try. We, therefore, came back from the mound to the corrie behind us; crossed it and bore away South to an- other corrie, that ended as well as w’e could judge about three-quarters of a mile from where the Black Stag lay. When we reached this corrie we fol- lowed its windings until we were about south of our quarry. Then we climbed up on the moor and I guessed at our position from the rough bearing I had taken on the crest of Sleive Cor. We found later that I was not very far out in my reckoning. But the wind had changed again meantime and . had fallen back to the West. V This made things more difficult. \ Fortunately, however, the moor * rose in a gentle swell just where we left the corrie; so we Wj crept up to the sky-line and JB tried the glass. There was nothing to be seen! The moor flB seemed flat and unbroken for at ^ least two miles in front of us. W I could see the cleft on Sleive Cor aw’ay to the left and our knoll far away to the right and I knew the Black Stag w’as somewhere to our right front, but we could see nothing! The two miles of country in front of us looked as if it could not afford cover for a rabbit, much less for such a lordly monarch of the moor as the Black Stag. Y'et he could hardly have absented him- self from the universe, so there he must be, perhaps at that very moment close enough to spy us with his keen eyes, and already planning a noiseless retreat from the presence of his enemy. It would not do to waste precious moments in indecision We could not depend too long- upon the Black Stag’s desire to rest. -At any moment he might rise and go aw’ay. mighty huntsmen of ancient days, deer- slayers of bygone ages, had gathered furiously around us in rage at our in- trusion on their domain. There was nothing for it but to remain indoors. On the third morning the storm abated and the wind shifted to the West. It was still raining; but after two days in the house we felt it time to tempt For- tune once more. McAndrew and I started out. We crossed the swollen river with the valiant aid of our friend the donkey and went North along the bank. Presently the rain stopped. A little later with the help of our glasses, we made out a stag and two hinds about a mile to the Northwest. But it was not the Black Stag and we had no thought for any lesser game. So we bore away still northward until we came to a corrie, running back to the hills. I saw the track of a stag by the stream and later came to where he had been rubbing his horns on a small shrub. We decided to follow up the corrie. After scrambling and paddling along for about 20 minutes, I saw a stag’s antlers about 200 yards off, moving away. So we crawled on. And presently up sprang the stag. But he was not the Black Stag. He carried a small head. So I let him go. By this time we were half-way up to the foot-hills. We continued along the corrie for another mile or so. We were now on higher ground and looking back, I could see the deer we had spotted earlier. They had now winded us and were moving about uneasily. But we had no concern for them now. The Black Stag alone occupied our minds. Away to our right was a hog-backed mound, about 1,000 yards from where we stood. I suggested going up there to spy and away we ■ • went. When we got thei'e, a E sleet shower came on. I I ^ curled up in the heather and W had a smoke. McAndrew H swept the country with the m glasses. He reported one The Red Stag hind about miles to the east. Then the sun came out. I thought I could distinguish something like a big boulder in a small patch of black bog, in the middle of a wide stretch of moor, far So we decided on a flank march to the right. Whatever happened, the stag could not wind us. Off we went ob- liquely for two or three hundred yards. We could see nothing on the apparently flat moor with the naked eye, so we stopped and tried the glass again. Me- February, 1919 FOREST AND S T R E A ]\1 55 Andrew had the glass, when suddenly he said: “I can see the top of his horn. Sir.” I tried to find the horn and at last I found it and the tip of the other antler as well. We marked the spot by a tuft on the bog and then we held council. The more we ex- amined the ground the more difficult our object appeared. In fact its accomplishment seemed quite impossible. There was not even a scrap of cover any- where. However, there was no use in sitting there, doing noth- ing and as the ground fell away somewhat on our right, I crept down about another 50 yards. There I found another little hump in the bog and crept up it and spied for the stag again. At last I saw him! wonderful eyes! For me, it was one of those moments of rapture that only the hunter knows. The uncertainty of it! The excitement of it! Admiration of this thing of beauty! Desire for its posses- sion ! Pride \ in a diffi- cult ach- ievement all but accom- plished! And yet uncer- ^ tain of accomplishment! There is no analyzing our feelings in these indescrib- able moments. To have lived them is enough ! The wonderful eyes saw noth- ing. Down sank the ant- THERE were his antlers right enough, about 500 yards away, and no I cover between us! So I tried what I have found successful with caribou 1 more than once: I started straight for I the stag, glass in hand, warning Mc- I Andrew to follow and to do just as I j did. I had covered about 100 yards, j when the antlers moved. I threw my- ! self down flat. McAndrew behind me 1 did the same. Up came the antlers! We flattened ourselves on the wet bog. Up came the antlers! I could see their I splendid curve, like a lyre against the i sky. They turned sideways; then full again, and again sideways. The Black I Stag was searching the moor with his The Black Stag I lers in peace. I rose to my knees. There were the antlers, but no part of his body was visible. McAndrew had crept up to me by this. “How far do you make him?” I whis- pered. “150 to 200 yards. Sir,” he whis- pered back. I set my sight at 150; got to my feet, bent myself double, and made straight for the antlers. Up sprang the Stag! Bang! went my rifle! Away he dashed! Bang! went my rifle again. The Stag pitched on his head. “Glory be!” exclaimed McAndrew. But the Black Stag was not done yet! Up he struggled to his feet and dashed off to the left, down a slight incline. I pressed the trigger again. Miss-fire! The Stag disappeared. I threw out the bad cartridge; jammed home another; turned over the safety-bolt of my car- bine and ran for all I was worth to where the Stag had vanished. It was the opening of a little corrie, and as t ran along its edge I saw the Stag below me, about 80 yards off and evidently in difficulties; but making gamely for the hills. I shot at him again and ran along: the near bank, but could not see him for a moment. When he next came in view he was moving slowly. The noble beast was evidently spent. Another shot and down he came. A memorable stalk was over. Presently we started for the cot- tage; I with the skin, McAndrew with the great head. It took a full hour’s steady tramping to reach home. We were tired, but triumphant. The Black Stag had four bullets through him. Our Irish red deer die hard. THE RETURN FROM THE HUNT IT SOMETIMES HAPPENS THAT THE HUNTER EXPERIENCES THE HARDEST WORK AND HAS THE MOST EXCITING ADVENTURES WHILE COMING ,OUT OF THE WILDERNESS By JOHN P. HOLMAN Many have been the stories told of the delights of the hunter in the I seeking of game — of the joys of , the chase and the struggles he undergoes in getting into the game country. This is a story of the return from a hunt, as ; it so happened that on this particular 1 trip we experienced the hardest work and had the most exciting adventures while coming out of the wilderness. I We had been hunting Ovis Dalli — the 1 white sheep of the North — in the moun- tains at the head of Killey River, Kenai j Peninsula, Alaska, had secured our quota j and were making an early morning start j for the bottomland. Our party consisted 1 of Malcolm S. Mackay — my companion on many adventures — two guides, Ben ] Sweasey and Andy Simons, two packers, I Walter Lodge and Tom Finnigan, and 1 myself. I Ben had been my particular guide on [ the sheep hunt and in view of the fact I that this was fated to be his last hunt in the land he loved so well — he was ; drowned shortly after our return in ful- i filling a dangerous duty for the sheriff of Seward — I like to dwell upon the traits of character that endeared him to ul all. He had been twenty years in Alaska : leading the rough, hard life of the wil- HOSE of our readers who re- member Mr. Holman’s story “Among the White Sheep of the North,” in last June’s issue of For- est AND Stream tvill welcome this narrative of the return from that I hunt. It will be published in two parts and though continuing the \ theme of Mr. Holman’s former tale, j it is complete in itself and of uru- •! j usual interest to the lover of far- \ away places. [EDITORS.] derness as dog-musher, trapper and guide. Ben was calm in temperament and very resourceful; he looked on life with the true philosophical mind and took a quiet enjoyment in his surround- ings. His droll chuckle over some amus- ing incident along the way bespoke a depth of dry and genuine humor. He was wonderfully alert in all his actions and possessed a patience that was truly marvelous. He loved the wild creatures and the environment in which they lived — his greatest joy was to wander away from camp during the long northern evenings and search the mountain slopes for bear; the big Brownies ever held his attention and he always seemed to be able to locate one of those immense brutes feeding in some far away draw or slide. Andy, who had led Mackay many a long and interesting chase in quest of the wily sheep, was also steeped in the ways of the open; he knew all the experiences of the rugged life of the Alaskan and was full of humor and the joy of living. Walter was quiet in temperament and strongly imbued with the spirit of indo- mitable courage — could carry his own weight if necessary uncomplainingly for miles — was resourceful to a degree and a wonderful hand at the cooking of food. Tom Finnigan was the giant of our party and the youngest in years, witty as his name implied and bubbling over with youth and exuberance of spirits. A truly congenial and happy time we had had to- gether; and now we were strung out along a steep trail — picking our way through the long grass wet with the heavy dew of early fall. Many days of relentless toil were behind us — the fever of the hunt had spent itself and the contempla- tion of a leisurely journey back to civili- zation stimulated our senses with delight. 56 FOREST AND STREAM February, 1919 Each new vista, as the trail unwound, seemed to fit into the mood of the mo- ment. The sunlight sifted through an occasional vent in the mountains and shone with dazzling brightness on the great patches of snow that lingered on the higher peaks. The air was fragrant with the scent of wet earth and fresh with the coolness of the late night. Wild cranberries dotted the bushes with crim- son and the alder leaves were fringed with yellow that shone like pale gold. Far above us the barren slopes of rock strewn wastes were lightened by occa- sional patches of scarlet bunch grass, all glorious in the morning sunlight. The spell of the wilderness lay like balm upon our spirits and w'e were happy in its quiet beauty. Finally we left the open spaces and entered the timber. After viewing for so long wide tracks of high, open country one descends into the nar- rowed vision of timbered places with a sense of relief. The deep twilight of the woods stretched away on all sides and the roar of Killey river became ever louder as we dropped down the trail toward its banks. We passed many a likely place for bear- great rock slides covered deep with the moss of centuries revealing gaping caves and alder thickets, the barbed-wire en- tanglements of the fighting Brownie; we had passed many a tree-trunk marred with deep scratches higher than a man’s head and had seen footprints in the soft places along the trail, so we were ever alert for a coveted glimpse of game. About noon we came out on the river and followed it down stream to where it joined Benjamin Creek. Here we decided to pitch camp and rest for a few days, hunt bear and maybe find a moose whose horns were sufficiently tanned and of a size to tempt capture. As yet the moose we had seen while on our sheep hunt all had horns that were still in velvet and Andy said they would not be suitable for trophies for some time to come. After we had put up the tent and eaten lunch Walter and Tom went back up the trail to our last sheep camp to bring down some things we had left and the rest of us spent a lazy after- noon about the camp. The next day we crossed the river and Mackay and Andy started up on the mountains to hunt for bear, while Ben and I took an- other direction with the same object in view. We had not gone very far before we spied two black bears feeding high above timber-line, so we altered our course and began to climb rapidly in their direction. It was a stiff climb, but in an hour or two we came out at timber-line, but saw nothing of our two bears. They had evi- dently gone down while we were going up, so we rested a while on a pinnacle of rock and began to study the country round about. Presently we observed a lynx creeping stealthily along within easy gun-shot, but as the fur was poor and the law was good we let him depart in peace. A little later we discovered a wolverine. He was loping along about a hundred yards away, traveling fast, with a long, rangy stride, stopping every once in a while to take in the country, swing- ing his head in a jerky fashion, tongue hanging out, then lowering it again 'with a quick motion and continuing on his way. It was interesting to watch one of these strange animals without being observed by him, as they are very timid and seldom seen by man. “They are great travelers,” said Ben, “always going some place in a hurry.” During the rest of the day we wandered about on a table- land of wide extent, looking across to the land of our sheep hunt, and picking out with our glasses little groups of white dots which we knew were sheep, moving slowly about in the sunshine. The long trail stretched ahead WE ate lunch by a little spring of ice- water, which gurgled from beneath a snow field. I picked up a caribou horn, white and weather beaten, quite rare to find now on the Kenai as the caribou, which once were so prevalent throughout this peninsula, have all mi- grated to another land. We also noted an absence of small game — the friendly ptarmigan and the usually inexhaustible hare, were very scarce. It was quite , windy and cold on the plateau so we started downward toward camp. While resting along the way Ben caught sight of a black bear moving about at the edge of timber about a quar- ter of a mile below us so we started down after him in a hurry. When we entered the thick timber we moved more cautiously until we had de- termined the course the bear had taken and then decided that a still-hunt was the proper means to adopt in bagging our quarry. So we picked out a sheltered spot among the rocks w’hich commanded a fairly good view of the adjacent ground and waited patiently for the bear to make his appearance. We had not very long to wait before Ben pressed my arm and at the same moment I saw the alders part about a hundred yards away and a black bear came lumbering into view. I quietly raised my rifle and at its sharp report there was a great commotion in the un- derbrush with much squealing. We ran forward to the spot where the bear had disappeared and found him mauling up the ground in an angry rage. Another shot quieted him in short order and we soon had him ready for skinning. He was fairly good sized and had a wonderfully glossy coat for that time of year. We managed to remove the pelt and, taking as much of the meat as we could carry, tramped the few remaining miles to camp in rare good humor. We found Andy and Mackay preparing sup- per, so we slung the bear hide over a limb and rescued our share of the meal. Mackay and Andy had seen some moose on their trip but both agreed , that it would be at least two weeks before their horns were fully tanned, and as the great brown bear were protected by law from shooting until October first and the black variety didn’t offer enough sport, we decided to break camp in a day or so and make for Seward. The next day we spent about camp and on the ad- jacent mountains, observing many moose and an occasional brown bear moving about just above the timber-line — thanks to the alert eyes of Ben who was ever on the lookout for a sight of one of these great brutes. Early the following morn- ing we shouldered our packs and took the trail for the outside. Toward noon we reached the summit, and by a little emer- ald lake of glacier water we found the cache and stopped for lunch. We ate all the remaining eggs in our supplies — about eight to the man as it worked out — and drank a pot of coffee. As we lay resting afterward we ob- served with much interest two sheep, a ewe and a lamb, feeding quite low down by a long snow slide above us, and swing- ing our glasses out over the wide valley we had just left we were able to pick out a number of moose scattered at different points over the bottomland below. They were feeding quietly; only an occasional swing of the head as they warded off the flies which no doubt swarmed about them enabled us to detect their position. Usu- ally they were standing by one of the little lakes which abound throughout that region and make the Kenai such a won- derful habitat for game. One old bull was lying down in the long wet grass of a swamp not very far below us, dozing away the long noontide hours in placid contentment. We were loath to leave such an enchanting scene of wilderness life ; but a long trail stretched ahead and the mountains were casting warning shadows, so we adjusted our packs once more# and turned our backs on the great valley of lonely beauty. We crossed a February, 1919 57 FOREST AND STREAM For luncheon we ate all the remaining eggs, about eight to the man tableland of barren tundra and late in the afternoon began to descend toward Skilak Lake — slipping and sliding down the last few miles to camp. Here our 1 back-packing ended and a long journey by water stretched ahead. Ben began immediately to tinker with his outboard motor and get the boat in order for the long trip across thir- teen miles of lake, twenty miles of tur- bulent river, which, unfortunately, would . be flowing in the wrong direction, and another twenty-three mile lake trip to the new Government railroad. Mackay and I examined our sheep heads which were hanging in noble array beneath the cache and congratulated our- selves on the success of the trip. Next morning before the mists of night had cleared from the face of the water we put out on our voyage and skirted the shore to the chugging monotone of the motor, which was echoed back to us from the fog-wrapped hills. At one o’clock we had reached the river and wound our way up one of the branches which formed its mouth as far as the motor could push against the current and then landed and cooked our lunch. From now on we would be obliged to line the boat up stream against a strong and treacherous current — the water was very high and ran like a mill-race along the shore. Mackay and I kept in touch with the boat from the bank and helped the men over the rough places, but the glorious struggle was theirs to the utmost and they seemed to revel in the fierce breasting of the stream — wading sometimes waist deep and leaning over until the water al- most ran down their throats, with the smile of triumph on their faces as the boat gained inch by inch against the power of the current. When the sun had set we tied the boat to the bank, wrung out our clothes, poured the water from our shoe-pacs, built a fire and dried out as we munched our supper. Then, as the night was clear, we spread our sleeping bags under the friendly stars and while the moonlight sifted through the spruce trees we rested tired limbs and aching muscles. Nature worked her great restorer and the waters of the river rushed by in ceaseless roaring throughout the night. TWO more days brought us to Cooper Creek Landing near the mouth of Kenai Lake. The last was a day of hard exhausting labor — lining the boat up through some narrow canyons whose sheer rock sides afforded scant foothold, and the high swift water pulled with great power against the heavy boat — but our splendid men overcame all the ob- structions that beset them and brought us through with never a sign of weaken- ing, though the odds seemed sometimes unsurmountable. Nighttime brought re- ward in rest and food and the zest with which they tackled the bean pot proved that they had earned their dinner. Jimmie Kyle came down to visit us and invited us to spend the night at his mining camp, a short walk up Cooper Creek, but we rigged up the tent and slept by the murmuring water. The next morning proved to be one of rare beauty with not a cloud in sight, and we made an early start for Kenai Lake, arriving at Victor Gombard’s cabin at its mouth about ten o’clock. Here we donned dry clothes and when Ben had adjusted the motor to his satisfaction we put-putted away toward open water. We figured that we would make the other end of the lake where the railroad ran in about four or five hours. Well satisfied that all the hard work of the trip was far behind us we lay back on our duffle bags in placid comfort, content to watch the ripple of our wake and dream of all the delights of civilization that were waiting just ahead. All went well for a mile or two and then we noticed that the sky was beginning to cloud up, a little breeze began to blow and the smooth surface of the lake was beginning to ripple, just enough to make us feel a little uneasy as to the future. It was not long before the sky became completely overcast and the breeze stiffened quite perceptibly. We chugged along, shipping seas, getting drenched by spray, but rather enjoying the sudden change in the weather until a tell-tale miss in the even song of the motor gave a new trend of thought for our imagination to feed upon. As if in answer to our questioning thoughts it suddenly did as we expected — stopped as dead as a piece of iron. We were com- pelled to resort to man-power as a means of locomotion. We were heavily laden — deep in the water, and the storm had set- tled down to a steady blow with accom- panying high seas and rolling combers, white with anger and slapping our little craft with furious dashings. Ben was spinning the flywheel of the motor with patient persistence while we pulled, two men to the oar, in frantic endeavor to keep the boat moving against the forces of nature. The motor seemed to have re- alized at last that Ben would have kept on spinning it forever and so responded with a good grace to the inevitable just in time to overcome the pressure of the hosts arrayed against us, and we steered into the lee of an island and finally landed behind a cliff, out of the wind. We climbed the cliff and looked up the lake along the course we had in- tended to take, but such a scene of wild commotion met our eyes — a rolling, toss- (CONTINUED ON PAGE 88) 58 FOREST AND STREAM February, 1919 A RECORD SHOT THE LAST LONE GOOSE FLEW BACK TO THE DECOYS. AND SO CAME TO BAG THE ENTIRE FLOCK OF NINE By WIDGEON IWAS'alone in the blind, a brisk breeze was blow- ing, a dry northeast- er, and the limpid waters of the bay were ruffled. In the channels occasional- ly a white cap could be seen, and from the distant beach came to my ears the muffled roar of the surf. From the eastern side of the island be- hind me came the faint tap — tap of a hammer, where “Hank” and his son “Scouse” were building a woven wire enclosure near the shack, for the live de- coys. Before me under the declining sun lay the waters of the beautiful Barnegat and on the western horizon, the dark green line of the pines of Ocean County. The three of us had enjoyed a good morning’s shooting, but since ten o’clock the birds had not been flying, and I had been left with the decoys. These decoys, by the way, are worthy of more than passing mention. We had with us on this trip, the usual assortment of painted wooden decoys, and seven geese and ten ducks in live decoys. Four of these geese are trained birds from North Carolina, and three of them wild wing-tipped birds, caught in the bay. One of these, a mag- nificent gander, is the best decoy I ever shot over, seldom tugging or struggling at his chain, and never calling except to his kind. The ducks are crosses, or hy- brids, of wild mallards and black ducks, headed by “Black Jake,” a lordly drake with dusky body and dark green head, and “Mammy,” a pure wild mallard duck. Five of these decoys are kept tied and five are loose. It is a pleasure to watch their antics, such diving and splashing and quacking as they make, often the five will swim away to a distance of a hun- dred yards or more and then at a rasping call from “Jake,” who is always kept tied, they will fly back and come tumbling pell mell into the decoys, and woe to the wild bird who sees them at this time, for he will decoy as tame as a chicken. TO those who are in the habit of shoot- ing from the Bar- negat sneak-box, our blind would be a luxury. A box sunk in the reeds on the point, large enough to accom- modate three shoot- ers, with a com- fortable seat, and in cold weather an oil stove. This is shooting “de luxe” com- pared with the old style. The whispering of the wind through the reeds, the gentle splashing of the waves, combined with the genial rays of the sun, had lulled me into a reverie and my thoughts go back to the days of long ago, for over fifty years I have spent my vacations and leisure hours beside the waters of this bay I love so well. First as a boy of thirteen years, shooting snipe at John Dorset’s, and for many years after on the broad bars at Uncle Jakey Herbert’s ; in succeeding years, duck shooting at Chadwick’s and Ortley’s, with the loved companions of my early youth and manhood. Many are the goodly bags of game I have taken up the beach in those years, and many a royal day’s sport have I enjoyed. Those dear comrades, so full of life and enthusiasm, where are they now? All are gone into the Great Beyond, and I alone am left behind. SUDDENLY I am aroused from my day dreams by the clarion call of the “wild gander;” with extended neck and looking toward the beach, he shows every sign of excitement and now all the geese decoys are calling loudly. Then faintly behind me from the east, comes the answering “Honk-honk.” Twisting around in the blind, I see high in The heavens a flock of geese, nine of them but so far away they look no larger than black birds. They hear my decoys, and setting their wings in the curve so dear to the sportsman’s eyes, they begin vol- planing down from their dizzy height; but the wind drifts them to the south and by the time they are low enough, they are fully a half-mile down the bay and my decoys have stopped calling. 'They then begin flying up the bay looking for the geese they had heard and I try in every The decoys in action off Stooling Point way to start my geese up again, but they are dumb, and finally, greatly to my dis- appointment, the flock alights squarely in front of the blind and about a quarter of a mile away, and then resting and feed- ing, they slowly drift with the wind and tide down the bay. As I sat watching them, a low voice behind me said, “Mr. A. where is the flock of geese? We saw them from the shack.” It is Hank and Scouse, who have returned to join me in the blind. “Why, there they are down near the bridge, don’t you see them? See their white breasts flashing in the sun. Hank,” I added, “I don’t like the way your decoys are put out. I always like to have one on the bank out of sight of the others to keep them talk- ing. I believe even now, if you should bring one back in the reed, it would start them honking and the flock would yet come to us.” “All right,” says Hank, “We’ll try it,” and wading out in the water, he picked up the nearest decoy, a little goose, put- ting her under his arm he carried her in and placed her behind the blind. Al- most at once her mate began to call, and soon they were all honking loudly. Hank came back to the blind and be- fore he was fairly seated, Scouse cried “Here they come;” and sure enough, the flock was on the wing and coming our way. Low we crouched, and on came the geese; and heading up in the wind, they lit about one hundred and fifty yards be- yond the decoys and began at once to swim in. Nearer and nearer they came and now the wild gander put in his fine work. I wish I could produce in cold type, his coaxing, caressing call, “Come on in ; come on in, the water’s fine. Come on,” but when they came to about ten yards of the outside decoys, they stopped and then I took time to glance at my shooting companions. Now Hank, while a veteran lat field and trap shooting, had killed his first and only goose over decoys in January, 1916, and Scouse had never killed one, I noticed Hank’s square jaw was set and he grasped his trusty gun, with a firm hand, and I felt sure he would give a good account of himself ; and then I saw the boy. His knees were shak- ing, his lips quiver- ing, and he showed every symptom of “buck fever.” Reaching out my hand, I grasped his leg and said slow- ly, “Keep cool, don’t get excited,” and he froze at once and became as steady as a veter- an. Hank h’ a d been chosen captain of the squad and I waited for the word to shoot. “Don’t you think we had better take them. Hank?” — “Wait a minute or two and let them get closer.” “Gee!” whis- pered Scouse, “Ain’t that old gander a buster, see him stretch up his neck. I’ll bet it’s longer than my arm.” — “Better take them Hank before something :j February, 1919 ‘ F scares them.” — “All right then, whenever you are ready.” The geese had come no closer, but had changed their position somewhat, I could not shoot from where I sat. Slowly I drew my gun back and care- fully parting the grass over of the : blind in another place, I made ready for the shot. The old gander and goose had moved a little to one side and lapping, made a good shot for Hank, while the I seven goslings had lined up beautifully for Scouse and me. “Are you ready?” “Yes.” “One, two, three,” BANG! Immediately we were on our feet, and for a second I thought they were all done for; then very heavily one rose from the center, to be immediately cut down by Scouse’s second barrel. Then one badly hurt rose to the left to be dropped by Hank, then one rose slowly The pleasure of carrying them in to me to drop again at the report of my gun, and now seven geese were on the water all apparently dead and two in the air, one of them hard hit. Hank and Scouse sprang from the blind to gather the birds and I watched the remnant of the flock. They flew out over the channel and then the wounded bird turned and started back, followed by the other. “Down Hank! Down Scouse! They are coming back.” Hank was by this time in the water among the duck de- coys and Scouse on the bank, they both crouched down, meantime I had hurriedly slipped in a couple of shells and was ready. Back they came, the “cripple” decoyed beautifully, and with curved wings came in right over the decoys. The little gun came to my shoulder and at its sharp crack the long black neck dropped backward, the broad wings fold- ed and with a resounding splash the eighth goose was down. We fired our other barrels at the remaining goose, but it was out of range and now while every ^n was empty, with feeble honkings. REST AND S T R E A .M 59 one of the “dead” geese rose and with hanging legs started to fly away. “Stop him; Stop him! No use, never mind he can’t go far.” Weaker and weaker it flew and after going a few hundred yards, dropped again and at once the remaining goose lit beside it. Now Scouse gets out the boat and after a short row, gathers the cripple, the other merely swimming away. The dead geese having been gathered, there is great rejoicing at the blind. After a short war dance, with elaborate ceremony, a small libation is poured to the goose shooter’s gods, and after look- ing over and hefting the dead birds, which were very large and fat, quiet once more reigns. We are now watching the remaining goose, which honking mourn- fully, is slowly drifting down the bay with the tide. “Hank,’ I said, “If we keep low and quiet, I believe that goose will come back to us before sun down.” Slowly the sun sank in the west. Our decoys kept call- ing from time to time, and then Scouse who had been watching cried, “Here she comes,” and the lone goose in the failing sunlight came into her doom, and at the crack of Hank’s gun, joined her mates who had gone before, and so came to bag the entire flock of nine. IT was a beautiful sunset, the western sky was aglow with all the glorious changing colors of the rainbow. No artist’s brush could do it justice. To me, the sunsets viewed from the shooting points in the shooting season, are a joy, a wonder, and a revelation. As the sun’s red disc disappeared be- hind the distant pines, we began taking up the decoys. This is an interesting sight, especially to a novice. “Black Jake” is taken up and placed in a crate on the meadow bank, and at once all the other ducks swim to the shore, and wad- dling to the crate, with prodigious quackings, crowd around and insist on being placed inside with “Jake.” At last all is done. Hank with the decoys and seven of the geese in the boat rows around the shore, while Scouse and I take the path across the meadow to the shack; Scouse with his two geese slung over his shoulder, as happy as a lord. He said he would not miss the pleasure of carrsnng them in for a hundred dol- lars. As we walked along, Scouse said, “This has sure been some day for me. I didn’t want to say anything in front of Dad, but Mr. A. if you hadn’t put your hand on my leg, and told me not to get excited, I surely would have blown up, but that just steadied me.” When we reached the shack the geese were tied in pairs, again admired and hung on the side of the house, with the ducks we had shot in the morning. And now with rubber boots replaced by comfortable slippers. Hank and I reclined before the glowing fire, and fought our battles over again, while Scouse, who is an excellent cook, pre- pared the supper, and such a meal! Surely that bountiful supper made a proper ending to a red letter day. So after a brief period I went to bed, leaving ‘Scouse,” now a veteran in the World War, proudly wearing the blue and gold chevrons, and whose deadly precision with the machine gun helped hurl back the Hun at St. Mihiel and Belleau Wood Hank and his son to enjoy the fragrant weed, and the last thing I remembered, before sinking into the arms of Morpheus, was Scouse saying, “Just think of it Dad, a whole flock of nine geese killed without a miss. We couldn’t do it again in a hundred years, that surely was a record shot.” Hank at the door of the shack 60 FOREST AND STREAM February, 1919 HUNTING MERRIAM WILD TURKEY AIDED BY TURKEYFOOT THE APACHE, THE SCIENTIST SECURES SEVERAL FINE SPECIMENS OF THIS RARE BIRD FOR A MUSEUM GROUP By H. H. SHELDON Group of Merriam wild turkey in the Colorado Museum of Natural History IN the United States there are four varie- ties of wild turkeys, all sub-species of the Mexican wild turkey, from which our domestic fowls descended. The common wild turkey is found from the New England states west to Kansas and Ok- lahoma. The Flor- ida turkey is an in- habitant of the re- gions of the Gulf Coast and Florida. These two forms are not noticeably differ- ent in coloration, and to the casual ob- server would pass as one and the same bird. The western forms known as the Rio Grande, ranging in Texas and northern Mexico, and the Merriam wild turkey, whose range of distribution is limited to New Mexico, Arizona and possibly a few points along the southern border of Colo- rado, are also much alike, but differ from the eastern forms in size and color, be- ing slightly larger and showing a con- spicuous rump patch of huffy white tipped feathers, with the tail band the same, while in the eastern birds the white is replaced by chestnut. These are the distinguishing characters and the most noticeable occurring in the four forms. The following account of hunting the Merriam wild turkey is taken from my notes of a biological survey in the state of Colorado, in the interest of the Colo- rado Museum of Natural History, at Denver, and while the number of turkeys secured, was in excess of a bag for one hunter (from the sportsman’s point of view) I might explain that for scientific reasons it was very necessary to repre- sent the species by several specimens of both sexes and different ages. During the summer I had made fre- quent inquiries concerning the possible existence of wild turkeys in the state. They had for a number of years been re- garded as extinct within the border of Colorado, where at one time and within a score of years past they were com- paratively abundant in the country they frequent^, which was chiefly west of the Continental Divide. The earliest records, however, tell of turkeys inhabit- ing the greater portion of the state west of the plains, in all of the yellow pine and pinon forest areas, but they were hunted and trapped to such extremes in the early days that now they are found only in the most isolated wildernesses of the semi-arid regions of the southwest. During the latter part of November news reached me that turkeys were to be found close to the line of New Mexico at a point some sixty miles away, and I at once made preparations to make a trip to the said turkey country. I was fortunate in securing the services of Mr. Jess Ewell, an apt linguist of the Apache tongue, and to whom I am in- debted for making the hunt successful, in consequence of his acquaintance with the natives and knowledge of the country traversed. So one frosty morning, in November, Jess and his team of hardy bays trotted into my camp and soon after we were wending our way through the big spruce timber and aspens, down the Navajo River and to the lower and semi- arid country in New Mexico. Upon reaching an Indian village the whereabouts of one Lucas Turkeyfoot (an Apache, named for his prowess as a turkey hunter and known by Jess as the one Indian who would locate the turkeys for us) was investigated, and we for- tunately found him though some hours later. A rapid conversation took place between the Apache and his friend Jess which consisted of a mixture of Mexican and Apache, and with occasional inter- mittant pauses in which the writer re- layed through Jess an offer for the In- dian’s services, an agreement was finally made and Turkeyfoot promised to meet us on the following morning at a given point some twenty miles away; with as- surance that he would overtake us at the end of the trail, before we had breakfast next day, and lead us into the turkey country. We then proceeded through a delightful coun- try of yellow pine forest and sage brush flats, typical of a large area of New Mexican scenery. At even- ing our trail encircled a lake from which a flock of green-winged teal rose and flew directly over us, the 12-gauge hurriedly pulled out of its place in the pack, was slapped together and we managed to get two of them which later made a very ap- propriate feast — for this day was the last Thursday in November and very keenly we enjoyed our Thanksgiv- ing dinner of roast duck and sweet potatoes and hot biscuits (a la Dutch oven), to- gether with a goodly supply of appetizing accessories including that always de- licious “camp coffee.” How good it all tasted in that cold-dry, sharp November atmosphere of the southwest, and I, too, enjoy the mental picture of the camp sit- uated under those big pines with a pitchy log fire crackling out its friendly warmth. My big mountaineer companion caused me to chuckle at his droll sayings long after we had crawled under the heavy canvas “tarp” to sleep — that first night on the ground under the stars. It was seven next morning when the odors of bacon brought the long-haired Apache galloping into camp and he was not at all slow to desert his pony and partake of the white man’s grub. Turkey- foot was in every sense of the term “a good scout,” and after a hearty break- fast he fell right into the work attached to breaking camp and it was only a mat- ter of minutes that we were hooked up and making our way to the not far dis- tant turkey country. Riding ahead on his little broomtail bronco Turkeyfoot led us over some rough and uneven country that he knew by heart. Porcu- pine spring, the only water in the region, was the point of termination of our journey and we were just a short dis- tance from that anticipated camp site when I noticed the Indian a few rods ahead was scrutinizing the ground in an interested manner — and reached him to find that turkeys had recently been in the vicinity. To see their tracks in the soft earth under the pinons helped con- siderably to stir up my anxiety for the coming hunt and we hurried on to make camp preparatory to a little scouting ! February, 1919 F around before dark in hopes of locating : some fresh signs. It was 3 o’clock when we made camp I and an hour later, after devouring a mis- cellaneous assortment of food, I gave the sign to “Turkeyfoot” and he led the way to the region of the tracks we had seen. After a considerable time we came upon some fairly fresh tracks and a little later the Indian pointed to some fresh scratch- ings under the pinons where a number of the big wary birds had been feeding on th€( pinon seeds, and the earth was still damp and showed contrasty dark patches amongst the brown litter of the pinons. In fact, the spot had been so recently frequented by turkeys that it seemed as though they must be near enough for a shot, but as quietly as we approached that particular spot, those turkeys had in some way learned of our coming and were doubtless far away from the place when we arrived. But I was not disappointed for I hardly ex- pected to see turkeys that night. Fresh proof of their being in the vicinity of camp was as much as I hoped to find and I returned at sundown well satisfied with the results of the investigation. The night was cold and clear and by the warmth of the fire we fell into a good sleep which lasted until 5:30 next morning, at which time the cold had commenced to penetrate. Driven to fast work by Jack Frost, we soon had coffee bubbling at the outer embers of a hot fire, and after consuming a hearty breakfast, I left for the country of the turkey tracks. Visions of a flock of wild turkeys running through the ravines of sage brush and yucca, or, a calling hen perched on some pine log in the scatter- ing oak brush, or, perhaps, a bunch of them scratching for pinon seeds some- where in that great forest of pinons were ever before me as I worked from canon to canon — listening, watching and search- ing for fresh signs that might turn my mental pictures into realities. After several hours of this kind of hunting (and at a moment when I was commenc- ing to wonder to what country those tur- keys had migrated), from some uncer- tain direction I heard the call of a turkey, so far away in fact that I had to listen intently for some time until I was able to locate the actual direction. It was certainly a hen turkey calling — “Ouoit- oit-oit-oit-oit” on rising scale — just that old familiar bam yard call, but yet how different it sounded, and what a thrill it gave me, in that wilderness so far from anything domestic. Carefully studying the country I began a well guarded approach offered by a low ridge running parallel to the ravine in which I figured the calling hen was lo- cated. After some little maneuvering I got to where the calls were distinctly clear, and near enough to commence some careful sneaking; so I made my way to the top of a low lying ridge studded with lofty yellow pines and intermingled with patches of scrub oaks, and which afford- ed me a well concealed outlook. Again went the call, this time somewhere below me on the opposite side of the ridge. After a little more sneaking I made out several dark forms through my screen of OREST AND STREA oak brush. The flock was about 200 yards away, and I made my way on hands and knees slowly and very quietly to the last patch of brush that remained to keep me from being seen. This accomplished, I found myself still considerably out of range, about 125 yards from the flock, which was feeding and scratching about under some pinons at the base of a small ravine. They looked so contented in their attitudes and unconscious of the near enemy that I wondered if they were as wild as their name implied, until pres- ently the cause of the appearance of safety was explained by the long neck of an old hen protruding above the top branches of a pinon; this wary bird was acting as sentinel for the flock. A good-sized pine tree about 40 yards down the slope was the only cover of- fered to make a closer approach and though I knew I would still be out of range (even if I could reach the tree without being seen by the old bird on guard) an 80-yard chance with heavy loads was worth trying for rather than making a wide detour with loss of much time and very likely the turkeys; so get- ting the old sentinel bird in line with the big tree I crawled from the thick cover into the open, and if those turkeys had been elephants I don’t believe my desire to reach that tree in the hope of getting a shot would have been any keener than it was during that 40-yard crawl. How- ever, the tree was reached in safety and the old bird from her elevated position as- sured me with a few short calls that I got away with the stalk okeh. Then peering out from the tree just a few inches from the ground I got my first good view of the big birds as they scratched among the deep litter under the pinons. At times one would dart out from the flock to catch some flying insect and their movements as a whole were noticeably rapid and their bodies lithe and slender, in comparison to the heavier and fuller-bodied farm fowls. I watched them fully ten minutes, studying their movements and enjoying the sight to the utmost, but wishing that I was 30 yards nearer for I felt satisfied that I would fail utterly at that long range of at least 80 yards. Finally they commenced to work slowly from me on down the ravine and with a preconceived plan I rushed at full speed toward them and got 25 yards nearer before some of them saw me and I stopped for a shot at the nearest turkey. At this moment I saw a flash of turkey here and there and then four of them which had evident- ly not detected me, bunched together un- der a pinon in a hesitant manner, seem- ingly uncertain which way to make their escape, and taking advantage of that brief moment I let drive with the left barrel well up on their necks. Two of them went down and I could see them flopping over the ground from a sidelong glance as I ran out to the right to get a shot at the remainder of the flock. They went running up to the top of the opposite ridge, and before they reached it to take wing, the right barrel brought down another and the excitement of my first meeting with wild turkeys had end- ed. They proved to be an old hen and two young birds of the year, and being M 61 the first wild turkeys I had ever carried to camp, I did not mind the three-mile tramp with such a load but rather en- joyed the weight of their bodies and sight of their beautiful plumage hanging from either side of my shoulder. WE smoked by the fire late that night, and hit on a plan suggested by the Apache that we work a new country next day, providing it did not snow in the meantime, the latter being preferable. The sky looked threatening and we had pitched the little tent in an- ticipation of the first snow of the season. A long sound sleep made the awakening next morning somewhat of a surprise when we found our feet unusually warm covered with a blanket of snow which had drifted into our open cylinder tent. A new aspect had taken effect of our sur- roundings. In a few hours the rich colors of autumn had changed to a winter scene of black and white. Four inches of snow had fallen in the night, and we wasted no time in getting a fire and breakfast; and when the inner man was warmed up we set out again to hunt the elusive tur- key, this time however, by the fascinating method of tracking. But contrary to the expectant long hike through snow to find the first tracks, after not more than one- fourth mile from camp a series of calls rattled out that brought us up short, and we commenced to sneak through the pinons in the direction of the sound, and presently came on the tracks of five and followed them silently in the soft snow. Turkeyfoot in the lead suddenly stopped and motioned me that they were not far ahead and before we realized it, were in sight of them. The Indian’s rifle cracked and then I banged into one as it hopped into the air to sail down a deep canon. We both scored, though I had only winged my bird and was obliged to chase it some distance down the canon before killing it with a second shot. The two turkeys, both hens, were hung up to a pine limb and we separated in hopes of finding the other three birds, which had gone down the canon on wing. Sometime after I came upon the tracks of a single turkey and followed it over a puzzling course for an hour or more when it finally came to an end, and a few wing tip marks in the snow and several tall pines about a hundred yards away was a very sugges- tive clue as to where this turkey had made to, and while I was figuring out a means of approach, out he flew from the top branches and sailed with hardly a wing beat far out of sight. This concluded my morning hunt and I returned to find Turkeyfoot wait- ing for me with the good news that he had found where a flock of turkeys had followed along a ridge intent on mak- ing to the high, rough country to the north, and that the tracks gave evidence of there being at least 30 birds in the bunch. We ate a hearty lunch and made for the upper country, Turkeyfoot leav- ing me to make a detour of the ridge to see if they had crossed a certain big canon into a country where we hoped they would not go. I was out about an hour when I struck the tracks of the big (continued on page 89) 62 FOREST AND STREAM February, 1919 i ClLc (julC In search of Game up West Coast Waterways, Three Explorers of a Lit- tle-known Land, Encoun- ter Strange Fish, Animals and Men. The Earlier Stages of a Remarkable Trip that Ended in Egret Rookery Perils. By W. LIVINGSTONILARNED Drawings by the Author |T should be understood that Mr. King and his party were now entering upon a mile-stone of their jour- ney that promised genuine thrills. Parts of Flor- ida have never invited either tourist or sportsman. There are definite reasons for this: inaccessibility, arduous navigation, uncharted rivers, of which there seem to be an amazing number, and the certain knowledge that these water-lanes give wild refuge to men who have sinned against society. The brigand at heart or the murderer by actual practice have kinship with Lossman’s and Chokoloskee. Only the ^ Seminole feels absolutely at home there — and he iji never talks. White men swing wide of a course that r ' is apt to take them where there is no returning. The tortuous rivers and creeks, with their shallows and sand bars and confusing vegetation, form a per- petual, yet ever-changing mosaic puzzle. Strangers are not wanted here. A new face is a marked face. And always, day or night, the shining barrel of a fifle is slid through damp wet leaves, at the approach of boats. It is different on Shark River, farther down. Tarpon Lake is now open game country. Sportsmen take the trip around to it without thinking very much of it, one way or another. They all agree on one significant point, however. Up these silent, sinister rivers and upon the shadowy, haunted lakes, there is a mystery beyond description. We have mentioned before that the members of the King Party found themselves speaking in whispers. This is true. You sense an indefinable something that sets your pulse jumping. Is it apprehension, fear, awe? Is it the ever-present and indescribable murmuring of an unseen pres- ence back in the mangroves? Is it the sight of ugly, repulsive, river things — snakes and alligators and slimy, gliding, wriggling bodies that never “stay put”? There on Dr. Tiger’s Lake, even in early afternoon, John and his Father were oppressed. The memory of a thousand Spanish and Indian tragedies stalked in and out among the moss-grown trees of the bank. There was no human habitation, with the sin- gle exception of Dr. Tiger’s miserable shack on the shell mound. A sheet of tranquil water rippled and danced as tarpon nosed out to the surface or hideous gar chased shining mullet. Two raccoons came pattering down a fallen log and sat there, unembarrassed, unafraid. They were as immaculate and as well-groomed as Fifth Avenue fashion plates. In a single half hour’s trip around the lake, John saw no less than forty of them. Once f EARNED I K)':, Fehruary, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 63 and cypress scrub were represented in abundance, together with cabbage palms of gigantic size, black and red mangrove, an occasional live oak and tiny commu- nities of wild lime and cus- tard apple. Mr. King jotted down, as well, varieties of .j" pigeon wood, button wood, sweet bay, dogwood and even gum eliami. \ Reaching upward, through • > these hammock and shore \ monarchs, was a bewildering number of ferns and vines — \ '^}§ the Virginia creeper, jungle vine, sword fern, palmetto, ' ' moon vine, resurrection \ ^ plant, to say nothing of yel- ghostly decayed trees.” Mr. King glanced at his watch. It was half two — and a glori- 0 u s , drowsy, indolent afternoon. “We will equip the small boat for a trip to the interior up one of BgaSffVj the small creeks,” he an- swered, “there should be plenty of deer and Hen- ■ dry will never be able to ~ I sleep on borrowed veni- ^ ■RrrrEI ^ ^ I certain observa- I tions for my diary and AJlJN ... secure samples of soil and limestone. John Billytold Hendrythat there were pine lands to the North. The discovery of such lands would be im- portant. It is not popularly supposed that the pine will flourish out there. Take along your rifle and plenty of am- munition. Hendry has the boat ready now, if I am not much mistaken.” This was true and they entered a writhing tropic creek that led from the eastern end of Tiger Lake. It was some- thing like fifty feet wide here and from six to ten feet in depth, and ran in a northeasterly direction for a quarter of a mile, finally diverging to the North, shallowing as it went. It was perhaps a mile from the Lake that John begged his Father to bide a while, while the lines were made ready. Here the beautiful creek was from twelve to eighteen feet in depth and twenty-five feet wide. At one point, as they looked dowTi into the clear water, they could see a hroad limestone ridge, silhouet- ted against the murky bottom. Here there was a perceptible current of no less than four miles per hour. The shores were all that they had grown to expect — and more. Cypress a good sized deer ran out upon an open area, reared its beautiful head, and was off like the wind. The ducks grew tire- some, there were so many of them and their colors so variegated. Ibis and coot and the ever-present heron were singular- ly proof against fright. This was their land. Bom of it, and seldom disturbed, they viewed these three voyagers with a nonchalant indifference. John Billy, the Seminole who had pil- oted them this far, was gone. They were alone — impressively alone. “If it’s just the same to you. Father,” observed John, Jr., “I would rather pitch camp somewhere else. Dr. Tiger’s death house gives me the creeps. It is full of poison bottles, bats, frogs, lizards and ugly thoughts. If we remained here over night, I rather think the old doctor him- self would return from his Happy-Hunt- ing Grounds and play spook under the THE VENOMOU/ COPAL /NAKC low, scarlet and royal blue flowers — or- chids that flamed against the dark green — Tillandsia Fasciculata, wild vanilla and limp colorful clusters of pale purple air plants that baffled classification at that distance. Not once did they see a “burn” or the /cToi-in Catcm^j' a Baby j77aqk UP LosmANB 5ting Pay I I 64 FOREST AND STREAM Februaey, 1919 There was constant fascination to the lit- tle, tortuous, narrow streams, coming from nowhere and finally lost in the wonders of Dr. Tiger’s Lake They found the crumbling remnants of an old Indian settlement on one of the ham- mocks. Still fastened to a tree branch was the crude grinder for meal-time clearing of an old camp sight. It was absolutely primitive, untrodden — remote from the Universe of Man. The boat was anchored and Hendry, as eager as a boy, began to arrange his lines. He had made sure there were black bass and sporty two-pounders, and it was not too much to hope that small pan fish could be had in abundance for the sheer sport of boy and line. Hendry brought in five sizable bass the first half hour, with poor John’s record absolutely cold. It was then that both, who had their backs turned to Mr. Kjng, were suddenly startled by the loud report of a rifle near at hand. Mr. King had fired. As he stood up astern, he shouted: — “It was a cat. A splendid buff and yel- low boy, with eyes like agates. He came out — yonder — beside that bunch of vines. I’m not sure but I think I got him.” The anchor was raised and they poled slowly up the bank where it was shallow. When a foot or two from the mass of Moon vines and palmetto, the scuffling and grinding told them that the cat at least had not made a clean escape. “Push her to the bank — I’ll jump ashore and see what’s happened,” whis- pered Mr. King. Hendry was grinning and John’s eyes were particularly bright. They could not see over into the marshy ground because of clusters of ferns and saw grass. It was then that the riddle found a solving. This same clump of ferns part- ed, and a dark body lumbered out, its legs working with a sort of mechanic, rhyth- mic precision. “Gator!” grunted Hendry. “What a Granddaddy!” John, Jr., gasped. It was a very large specimen; with mud-caked skin, scarred and peeling. The singular part was that this big alligator dragged the wild cat with him, blood streaming upon the ferns and grasses. He had doubtless been asleep in a bog under the cjrpress trees and dinner had tumbled over almost into his hungry jaws. Not even the report of a rifle on the silent air could divert him from a quick get-away, plus grub. Both Hendry and Mr. King blazed at the scuffling ’gator. The latter, disgusted at three misses, threw down his rifle and used a revolver. They were near enough for it. But something went wrong. The ’gator sank to the muddy bottom, munch- complete his observations and scientific soil-rummaging for the property owners before dark. A hundred yards on, the creek shallowed out and scattered into many branches, penetrating the Ever- glade area like a system of marvelous arteries. Mr. King determined to inves- tigate one of these weird water-ways, and the pole was used in the shallow water, while Hendry, seated forward, hacked a clear path, when the overhanging man- groves interlocked and prevented further progress. It was ’Glade country; they could tell this by the character of the soil — ^black, spongy, fibrous and laden with brilliantly green growths. You who are fond of duck hunting, fishing and an occasional panther, cat or wild hog, should look up this far place, if the spirit of Adventure is in you. To set forth its real charms or to properly ex- press it in words seems quite fruitless. Between Dr. Tiger’s Lake and the Gulf there is a danger trail. We grant you that. And the creeks into the Ever- glades, from that mystic body of water where a hero lived and died, are strange, uneven trails in a romantic setting. But it is all worth the effort and the peril! Once there, you experience a sense of in- finite pride. It is an achievement — a sporting conquest! What are the whipped streams of your usual haunts? They seem oddly inade- quate after this Gulf trip. Bass! Ah, but bass from noiselessly moving waters that dance with the splendor of mirrowed nature. It resembles a stage setting for some outlandish motion picture scenario. Nothing is quite real. There is so much game — so many birds in such fantasic variety. Yellow and black crested night herons look as if they had been freshly painted by an artist in a lavish mood. A snowy egret, like a lady’s kerchief, flut- ters down from loops of moon vine — and is gone. Curlews that you have never seen before — not even in books — stalk sedately past, their heads cocked on one side and a single bead-black eye staring at you rather contemptuously. The hunt- ers are few. A trap is almost unknown. Turtles are as thick as the very ferns that drape their shimmering backs. We wish to stress the observation that this is an entirely NEW sort of hunting and fishing. You find yourself rather more inclined to sit and look than to drop a line or fire a rifle. Cold steel becomes a spe- Here the bass were hungry ing his precious morsel. A scarlet, eddy- ing whirlpool was all that remained, and rippling water against the side of the small boat. “The old reprobate!” grouched Mr. King, “he absconded with a real prize. I’m pleased to see, however, that my first aim was good. I think I killed my cat as clean as a whistle.” Hendry, out of sheer pique, brought down a Louisiana blue heron, and two ad- mirable water turkeys. The former was wanted for mounting purposes by John. Time was passing too rapidly for another try at the bass, as Mr. King wished to The author many miles out on the new Tamiami Trail Canal road. He carried along in the machine a complete hunt- ing and fishing equipment and could stop at a moment’s notice, also carried med- icine kit and could doctor any ill, from gun wound to moccasin bite. Mr. Lamed intends to cover about a thousand Flor- ida miles this winter and will collect data for a third Forest and Stream Story Februaby, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 65 Our friends had come prepared to himt like “ regular fellers ” and came back loaded down with deer and turkeys cies of desecration. Things are more beautiful than you imagined they could be anywhere on earth. But we must hurry on, with fragment- ary notes of the remaining days up Loss- man’s River, for our real sportsman’s story lies further northward still. It should be remembered that* Mr. King was not here for the pleasure of it. He had not been sent out from Miami to hunt or to fish. For the time being, at least, these must be incidentals. In his quiet, unobtrusive way, he had been studying the “lay of the land.” His little red book was beginning to show pages of baffling maps, drawn with a hard pencil, in a cop- per-plate technique, at once comprehen- sive and ingenious. He had taken speci- mens of soil and of rock. He had fol- lowed the courses of many rivers and weighed the future worth of tractless miles, half under water. With his glasses to his eyes and his note book on his knee, he would sit for hours, sweeping an open stretch, where hammock and man- grove jungle joined the flat monotony of the Everglades. It was while they were far up the nar- rower stream that one of those sudden rain storms came beating down through the live oaks and cypress. The steam oozed up from the black earth and solid sheets of water came glancing through the undergrowth. As speedily as possi- ble Hendry rigged up a tarpaulin cover for the boat and all three huddled under it, disliking the thought of soaked gar- ments. But the rain did not stop and the afternoon waned and darkness came un- heralded. It was agreed that they would camp just where they were, at the end of a tiny mangrove island, until morning. It cleared by eight o’clock and a fire was lighted on shore, after much difficulty. Hendry, however, was an adept at this, whether wood was wet or not. They roasted the birds and made a decent meal of them, together with such picnicing odds and ends as the guide had shrewdly hidden on board. And such a night! The great hollow infinity of dripping leaves and utter dark- ness hedged them in on all sides. The ’gators croaked and bellowed and the water moccasins played in the creek. Coons busied themselves on the outer lines of the flickering, hissing fire. A cat called — called in a human way — far up amongst the live oaks. In the morning, the bass were wrapped in leaves and royally cooked for break- fast. Then they poled down stream and selecting a more navigable body of water, went a distance of three miles into the Everglades. Now they caught their first glimpse of the big pine hammock men- Here was real hunting and real sport by men who had learned their lesson in Big Cypress and who made every day Thanksgiving Day, if turkey-meat is at all significant tioned by John Billy, rising rather aus- terely from the flat reaches of saw grass. It was impossible to go further in the larger boat, so the glade skiff was un- leashed and they all piled in, intent on a visit to this isolated hammock that had never appeared on a map. It was two miles across — further than they thought at first sight, and hard going, what with the soggy sloughs and the lanes that were cluttered with saw grass, but they finally made it, and pull- ing the skiff up on shore, waded through the muck to more firm ground. Hendry made a discovery. “Indian camp been here,” said he, “big one. See path — see lime trees and wild orange.” This was based on the shadow of a path or trail that led, not from the very edge of the hammock, but from a se- creted point fifty feet inland, and wound its circuitous length under the wildest sort of jungle brush. It required a Hendry eye to know that there ever had been a trail. He forged ahead, slashing with his machete and occasionally whack- ing in twain some giant vine as thick through as his wrist. Nor were the guide’s reckonings in er- ror. An abandoned Seminole village was found some distance further on, gone into decay, yet still possessing interest for the trio. Nature had outlived the primi- tive dwellings, for there were no less than twenty sturdy lime trees, bearing fruit, of a kind and the guavas were dis- covered in greater abundance. There were guava trees of startling size — four- teen inches, perhaps, at the base, and palm, oaks, cabbage palm and fig. What a place for a habitation! “Why do they keep moving all the while?” John demanded, “you’d think they’d stay here, after clearing the ground and planting lime, orange, fig and guava trees.” Hendry shook his head solemnly and observed : — “No Indian always stay in one place. Go. Nobody know why. Some- time Head of Tribe die. Then everybody leave. No stay.” Small souvenirs were collected, and a venomous rattler shot on the outskirts of the hammock, just after Hendry had leaped backward to avoid its fangs. He stopped long enough to save the skin and roll it compactly for John’s collection, for it was a beauty. By easy stages, the party returned to the boat, lifted the glade skiff aboard and without further stops, eased back with the current into Dr. Tiger’s Lake. It was nightfall and they turned in early. (continued on page 92) 66 FOREST A xN U S T R E A xM F'ebruary, 1919 FREEDOM’S ARK— THE CANOE THE CANOEIST PROPERLY EQUIPPED FOR A CRUISE IS THE MOST INDEPENDENT CREATURE ON EARTH By FOREST HARLOW ( ( '"T^ HE happiest animal,” to quote an old writer, “is, methinks, the snail; for he carries his house upon his back and abides for the night wherever night finds him.” But for a real “happy animal” commend me to the canoe cruiser, who in many particulars has it “all over” the snail. Briefiy ex- plained, the properly equipped canoeist is the most independent creature on earth. He not only carries with him, in the narrow confines of his craft, shelter and food, but the craft itself is of such order that it carries him safely on the water while he can carry it easily on the land. In it he can travel as fast as he pleases and as far as inclination urges him; his strength and the length of time at his disposal are the only factors limit- ing his efforts. As for a canoeing season, in its broad- est sense there is no canoeing season. Taking it by and large, the whole year is the canoeist’s season; if not in one part of this vast country, then in an- other, the canoeist may cruise from year’s end to year’s end. Even in those sec- tions where the seasons are sharply de- fined, the canoeist may pursue his sport from May to November with much en- joyment and little inconvenience except from wet weather, which may be en- countered at any time. Rain is merely an incident on a real canoe cruise, un- pleasant p e r - haps; but it can be so well prepared for, especially i f one has a decked c r u i s- ing canoe that it is a neglig- able evil. The canoe nas been scom- fully called “the poor man’s yacht.” Well, why not? You wish to go on a vacation; you would quit the city and its crowded streets and get out into the open; a month at a place where all you wish is served, as one might say, on a plat- ter, is entirely too expensive; camping out is monotonous to some people who crave a change of scene; a cruise at sea would be ideal but the cost pro- hibits that also, and a motor trip has the same objection. Be not discouraged, lovers of the Great Outdoors, it was for you and your ilk that the canoe was cre- ated and if you would realize your out- door dreams you have but to read on a little farther and learn what it means to go canoe cruising. IN this world nothing is obtained with- out money. Having indulged in that platitude, let us find its application in regard to canoeing. It is probably the cheapest form of recreation to be en- joyed. Naturally, a walking trip could be arranged at less initial expense, but with the present high cost of shoe leather it might after all be cheaper to buy a canoe; and the comfort of padding lazily on, close to the shaded banks of some wayside river, is immeasurably greater than trudging along the dusty highway beside the stream, carrying your outfit on your protesting back. So let us meet the financial side squarely and may be its terrors will vanish. The cost of the outfit can be arranged to suit the intending canoeist’s purse. The amount that must be expended to secure a really good canoe and outfit is not exhorbitant, and once obtained it will last for several years if a little care is exercised in keeping everything in the best of order. A trifling amount of money expended each year will pay for necessary repairs and combat the rav- ages of time and the elements. WHAT sort of people make the best canoe cruisers? That vast major- ity of people, who, having a small amount of leisure time, wish to make the most of it; who love the outdoors, and find their best enjoyment in a few days spent close to* nature, surrounded by the peace and quiet of the woods and fields, entertained by the rippling streams and the songs of birds at dawn and twilight; who wish to conserve their strength and vitality during their leisure time, instead of dissipating it; who know how to build up their health by natural means — not medicaments, but sunshine, fresh air, pure water and plenty of it, both inside and out, and sound, refreshing sleep. These people make the best canoe cruis- ers for they feel that by means of the canoe they are able to enter into their rightful inheritance. The boys just back from overseas will find in canoeing the form of recreation most adapted to their newly acquired ideas of life. The hours spent in camp life, tenting out under the stars, bivouac- ing by the open fire, up and away at dawn — these have wrought an unrest in the fibres of their nature that will make it hard to settle back into the well - ordered routine of business and of convention- al life. Canoe cruising is the ideal form of recreation for our returned boys; it offers all the freedom from conven- tion, all the good - fellow - ship of army or navy life, without its burdensome re- straint. The Golden Rule is the one law laid upon the canoe cruiser. To any per- son who wishes to get every By means of the canoe the Lover of the Outdoors comes into his inheritance i Februaey, 1919 FOREST AND S T R E A M 67 penny’s worth from the few dollars he , has to invest in recreation, canoeing and I cruising offers more pleasures and more , advantages than any other sport. To I prove the truth of this assertion, buy a canoe and choose your odtfit, take cam- era and fishing tackle — leave your rifle at home, unless it is a little twenty-two for target practice — and when the sight of the first green leaves of spring im- pels you irresistibly into the open, take your week-end outings in a canoe. Spend your vacation exploring some stream with which you are unfamiliar, or cruise nearer home if you wish. Provided you have been wise in your choice of a canoe and outfit, you will not only be well satis- fied with the cruise, but you will be the owner of everything necessary for future cruises — except the commissary — and all for the same money you would have paid for a much more elaborate but less satis- factory vacation spent in some neigh- boring mountain or seaside resort. Many people may not at first realize the great advantages of a canoe over a rowboat. A canoe can safely follow a rowboat anywhere; but let the keelless craft take the lead and the row- boat is left ignominiously in the lurch at the mouth of some shallow stream where the canoe floats like a lily on the surface. Because the canoe has no keel it is some- times thought to be unsafe or “cranky.” This is no more true of canoes than of boats — if either is unduly cranky be sure it is from a fault in the construction. Naturally, care must be exercised in get- ting in and out — one must place the en- tering foot squarely in the center — and sudden lurches must be avoided, but if one keeps a low seat there is no danger of capsizing. The erroneous belief, held by many persons ignorant on the sub- ject, that a canoe must be cranky and dangerous, is being gradually eliminated by the co-operation of the manufacturers in combining the maximum of beauty and strength with the minimum of weight and instability. Do not be afraid of a canoe — the feeling of security that comes with the perfect adjustment of physical balance to the motion of the craft reacts upon the mind and makes for sanity and mental poise. The oarsman is a back-looker; the canoeist is a futurist. He looks ahead, faces and overcomes every threatened danger, chooses his course to a nicety through foaming rapids, or among angry whitcaps; and he can rest himself en route by paddling on one side or the otker or by shifting from the sitting to the kneeling position. For hunting or fishing the canoe is the watercraft unequalled, for it floats as noiselessly as a leaf and there is no noise of the paddle in skillful hands. Canoes are practically unsinkable be- cause of their immense buoyancy. The amount of wood in a canoe, if contained in a solid block, would be more than sufficient to support a man in the water. So a man in a canoe carries a life pre- server always with him — the canoe it- self. If fitted with air tanks in bow and stem, safety is still further assured, and a sponson canoe cannot be sunk. SO here we have our canoeist — self- contained in his small craft, “the poor man’s yacht,” ready for a cruise of a day or a summer with equal facility, his outfit snugly compact, but so complete that when night overtakes him he has but to make fast his painter to a friendly tree at the water’s edge, take out his tiny alcohol stove, cook his simple meal, roll up in his blanket and sleep, like the snail, in the midst of his house, lulled by the myriad murmurs of the night into ■ a sleep as sweet as that of Mr. Moneybags, out in mid-stream in his palatial motor cruiser or steam yacht. If you are hampered and restricted For several years the hunters of Canton, S. D., have held an annual crow hunt, and competition be- tween the rival teams — the Get Them All’s and the Never Miss ’Ems — has been high and hotly contested. It has been impossible for an event of such wide significance long to remain localized and the Du Pont Powder Company has inaugurated a National Crow Shoot, ex- tending throughout the current year, governed by regulations and rewarded by trophies presented to the mightiest slay- ers of the black-winged marauders. The destruction of the crow is a matter of great importance to sportsmen as well as to farmers. The havoc wrought in the corn field is self-evident; the depre- dations on the coveys are noticeable only through results and in many cases the dwindling numbers of game birds are caused more often by the voracious crow than by disease. A young crow while in the nest will consume an amount of food equal to three or four times its own weight, and only a small part of this food consists of insects. Most of it is made up of the eggs and the young of other birds, which, if left alive, would be of benefit in the protection of crops. Insatiable egg eaters, they scour the fields, hedge-row, thickets and orchards for nests of birds and even for the eggs of the barnyard fowls. They follow the wild ducks to their nesting grounds in the far North to feast on the eggs and young. Prairie chickens suffer severely from their depredations and the pheasant preserves are the frequent victims of their marauding habits. In its bulletin, the Bureau of Biological Survey says; “The destruction of nes- tling birds of highly beneficial species is not to be condoned and constitutes one of the strongest arguments against the crow. On game farms, preserves and in suburban districts where it is the desire to foster small birds, the crow popula- tion must be within limited numbers.” All this is the raison d’etre of the National Crow Shoot, whose clever slogan is “Conserve the Grain; Protect the Game; Remove the “Caws.” by small streams in your vicinity, re- member that there is more satisfaction in the successful negotiation of a seven- teen-foot bend by an eighteen-foot canoe than there is in miles of straight pad- dling down some large uncompanionable river. To be intimate and within touch of the earth and yet to move with the greater freedom of mobile water is the chiefest charm of canoe cruising. Your first cruise will convince you that here at least you are your own master. You realize that fishing may lure, hunt- ing may attract, but canoeing compels, and the charm never lessens but grows greater year by year. The crow has the universal reputa- tion of being a wise, wily and wary bird. Yet it is surprising how easily they are fooled by anyone who can properly manipulate a crow call. In- deed, the calling-in and shooting of crows by an expert is a revelation to many, who all their lives, have known and hated these black marauders of the fields and woods. The crow call is a small wood instrument resembling a whistle and can be purchased from al- most any sporting goods dealer or hard- ware store for from 75c to $1.00. Preparatory to calling in the crows, the shooter should conceal himself care- fully and remain as quiet as possible, for the crow has wonderful eyesight. Many crow hunters even try to wear clothing that will not contrast sharply with the environment. In using the crow call it is desirable to try to imitate the cry of a young crow in distress and to indicate to the older crows that their young aite being attacked by some other bird, upon which they will immediately start flying toward the point where the caller is concealed. It is important to kill the first crow shot at as otherwise the crow will give a warning call that will alarm all the other crows in the neighborhood and they will not approach again for some time at least. The birds should be fairly close in, not over 35 or 40 yards, in order to insure a kill with a choke bore gun. Among other methods suggested for luring the crows within range, the fol- lowing may be recommended. A stuffed owl with movable wings placed up in a tree and operated by cords brought down through rings to the concealed shooter, used in conjunction with a crow call, has proved effective in many instances. If a wounded crow is captured it will serve as an excellent decoy for attracting other crows. One farmer writes that by plac- ing a large piece of meat or the carcass of some animal in a field and then getting under cover at a distance of 40 or 50 yards he has seen from 50 to 75 crows gather around the meat and has been able to kill ten or more with a single (continued on page 94) "CAW! CAW! CAW!” THE NATIONAL CROW SHOOT OF 1919 IS A NOVEL COM- BINATION OF SPORT AND CONSERVATION MEASURES 68 F ORES T AND STREAM February, 1919 AFTER BASS WITH FLIES A BASS BUG IS A WEIRD CREATURE. RESEMBLING NOTHING THAT CREEPS OR FLIES, BUT IT CERTAINLY GETS RESULTS All the signs were pro- pitious. Several warm days had mel- lowed the brisk fall weather, until the nights were getting less cool. The moon was young, near the half, so the nights were dark except the early evening hours, and last but not least, there were some clouds in the northwest and my rheumatism told me there was going to be a change in the weather and maybe rain. Now I don’t know whether you other fellows believe in such things, but I admit I do and I have especially noticed that they “bite” just before weather changes. Our party was soon made up — five in all, with three fishing and two looking for squirrels. The three of us were equipped with 4% ounce rods. No. 1 Automatic reels, and quite an assortment of so- called bass bugs, which are cork bodied, impossibly large flies. After a run of an hour and a half in the cars we arrived at Medina Lake, which was our objective. The cedar cov- ered hills lay as smoothly as the surface of the lake itself for scarcely a breeze was stirring. Billy and I took the lighter boat and proceeded to fish our way to camp while the rest of the party came along later in the larger boat. Hardly had I pushed off from shore when Billy made his first cast and was immediately connected with a pounder, which came out of the water three or four times and then started to dig into the moss which grew upward from the bottom .three or four feet. By the time we reached our camp ground a mile below, we had fifteen, all about the same size, a foot long. Arriving in camp we made things ready for the night, gathered our fire- wood, spread the cooking outfit handy to the fire, and soon had supper sizzling in the pan. Fish? Well, I guess — one- pounders, fresh killed, split into halves, rolled in corn meal, and fried slowly over the glowing coals till each piece was a warm brown and done to a turn — a few strips of crisp fried bacon by way of trimmings — about three slices of toast apiece, done over those same coals on a broad fork, and buttered. Then spuds, black coffee and a pot of Boston straw- berries, cooked at home and still warm. To finish, a jar of homemade fresh fig preserves and a package of sweet cakes such as are sold by every grocery store. I claim that meal can’t be beat at the finest restaurant in little old New York. SUPPER cleared away, Billy and I de- cided to try an experiment in night fishing with white flies. So we pad- died off from shore and began casting, I using a large fly with white wings and tail, red head and aluminum colored By NOA SPEARS body, while Billy’s had a yellow head and body. We had never tried these before so were really surprised when our first cast was rewarded with a hard strike and a nice fish was soon landed. The water was dead calm and not a fish jumping, but between 9.30 and 11.30 with only half a moon shining we had at least one hundred and fifty strikes. A great many of these missed entirely and we concluded it was due partly to the fish seeing the white hair of the wings or tail but not seeing the body of the fly, hence they struck short of the hook which depends from the body, and partly because we could not see the fish rise so quickly as in daylight and failed to strike in time to set the hook. We landed two that weighed two and one-half pounds each, six that weighed a pound or slightly more, and fifteen or twenty others ten to twelve inches long, which we sent back to grow up. The water was down about two feet from standard and we have usually had better fishing when it was at this stage — particularly seeming to get more big ones. Billy and I have a pet theory that the bigger ones lie in certain favored places, such as rocky ledges, by stumps and especially in the deep pockets in the moss and when the water is higher they do not see the flies or if they see them, will not rise to them beyond a certain distance. Then we also believe that their food supply is somewhat diminished as the shore line contracts and they are just naturally hungrier in low water — but of course that’s just a couple of notions of ours and if Mr. Bass could explain he’d He immediately connected with a pounder likely as not spring a new one on us that would prove how lit- tle we really know about his commis- sary or his habits. There is one thing we have wondered over a little and that is how we ever get the bass interested in the flies at this time of the year when he is living principally on crawfish. The crawfish are at the bottom, even in deep water, and Mr. Bass must go burrowing around into the moss looking for them, so how does he see the flies eight or ten feet above him? Nevertheless he does or rather he did the day I’m talking about and before five P. M. the next day we had taken over one hundred black bass and a few rock bass, though we call ’em “goggle eyes” in "Texas. All that measured under twelve inches were slipped back into the water and we had fifty-four to put in the ice box when we packed for home. The one-pounders made up the bulk of the catch and gave the best account of them- selves in the fighting, but the half dozen two-pounders added materially to that pardonable pride one takes in showing his string at the end of the day and re- marking nonchalantly, “Oh, they were striking pretty good.” Of course there was one real dandy — in fact it isn’t quite a perfect day unless there is one — and Billy got ours in a real spectacular man- ner worth the telling. It was just after lunch, about two-thirty, and I was pad- dling him slowly along over a rocky shelf grown well with moss and he was making long casts out past the edge of the shelf over water twelve or fourteen feet deep and retrieving his fly in little supposed- to-be-buggish jerks. Usually he’d get a strike where the shelf met the channel though not always. After he’d gotten three or four small ones he got a heavy strike with but little display about it and the fish went for bottom out in the deeper water. I knew it was a big one and he remarked that he had on the big- gest one of the day. After about two minutes deep play the line relaxed and Billy said “He’s off”; but at that instant I saw a big fish coming through the water toward the boat and he was throw- ing up a wake as high as your hand is wide. In a flash that fly rod took a nose dive and then bucked to right and left like he was dropping a couple of thousand feet “out of control.” Well, to make a long story stop, Billy landed him in about four minutes with- out using a landing net. He was twenty- two inches long and weighed six pounds. Then we began to decide what had really happened and agreed on this ver- dict. The first fish was a smaller one and got rid of the fly in some fashion while he was deep in the channel and the February, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 69 bigger one was looking on and likely as not trying to take the tempting morsel away from number one while the battle went on — I’ve watched this happen many times when using these flies — and when number one succeeding in spitting out the fly, number two, the big one, made a grand rush for it and beat his own pre- vious record over the same course. The most unusual feature of the trip was that they did not strike readily in the day time at any of our “bugs” except a rebuilt bug, having a pomegranate col- ored body, grey tail and snow white buck- tail wings. It looked like nothing living or dead, and Billy and I concluded it was just a case of visability and that it got ’em because it got their eye by its size and light colors. SPEAKING of bugs — do you know the manufacturers of certain patent bugs? I do not, but I know their products and here’s a tip to the two of them, which if they’re receptive they’ll use. One man’s are the most lifelike and best wearing — but the other fellow’s are larger and will get bigger flsh and more flsh in deep, dark, or cloudy water. But — one of these bugs will last about one day in use. Now no real sportsman begrudg'es the fifty cents they cost each, but he hates to see his bug that is getting the fish going to pieces cast by cast till it has gone down so in bulk that it no longer attracts. The use of real bucktail hair seems to over- come this trouble and tying with waxed dental floss prevents slipping when dry. I suppose one reason they wear out quickly is that being bulky, though light, it is difficult to cast them with a single back and forward cast and almost every cast must be worked out with three, four, or even five false casts, so that one finally drops the fly forty-five to fifty feet away from the boat. The big fish are most often caught on long casts and after re- trieving the fly slowly until within fifteen or twenty feet of the boat, fully half the fish that rise will apparently see the boat and miss taking the fly. A line heavier than usual seems to assist in getting these big flies farther out. Oh, yest of course I make some of my own — weird creations — and possessing not a single stroke of art, but they appear attractive to the fish and most atrocious to my wife. who always jumps when she gets hold of one unexpectedly when emptying the pockets of my fishing clothes. They’re easy to make when you’ve learned how and I will tell you how in the next issue. JUST as the sun dipped behind a cedar covered bluff, we began to transfer our luggage from the boat to the car and in five minutes were climbing out of the canon toward the good road home. As we topped the last hill overlooking the lake its waters shown like molten copper as the slanting rays of Old Sol filtered through those same clouds in the west which had been one of the harbin- gers of good luck that we felt at the outset of the trip. The “change” was in the air but still deferred, and we all wished we might spend another day cast- ing the big “bugs” for the big bass. A few more miles and the lights are switched on, the mantle of night seems suddenly thrown about us and the events of the day glide into memories — memories fraught with all the glamor and glorious- ness that only the man who goes to the woods and waters for companionship can really understand. THE LEOPARD OF THE LAKE THE PICKEREL IS DISTINGUISHED BY ITS EXTREME VORACITY AND HUNGER SEEMS TO BE AT ALL TIMES THE PARAMOUNT ISSUE WITH THEM By LEONARD HULIT, Associate Editor of FOREIST AND STREAM IT is with some misgivings that I pre- pare a short article on the pickerel — not because my conceptions are not clear enough to me, but there has been in the years past so much confusion in relation to its proper classification and just what its relations to other closely allied species are, that there should be a distinct line of demarkation made and a thorough understanding had of this important angler’s favorite. To many, in fact to the majority of people the name “pike” is all embracing and includes the entire family of this species, when as a matter of fact there are very strong lines of distinction, and save in the general contour of body, the fish are quite dissimilar. There is, how- ever, one characteristic which is all-em- bracing and is no doubt one of the rea- sons why the average fisherman does not distinguish between the varieties, viz., the extreme voracity of all the family, and no matter where the specimen may be taken the same propensity exists. The “pike” family is one of the old- est of which man has record, and in some of the varieties is native to all the northern and temperate zones. The most extravagant stories are extant in old volumes of the size and voracity of this fish as well as to the extreme age to which some of the old specimens have attained; these records, however, are of not much interest save us curios- ities at this date. It is rather the knowl- edge as to where and how this superb fish may be obtained that claims more attention, as well as to make clear the distinctive differences which exists. The family embraces the muskellunge, the “banded pickerel,” the “brown pickerel” or “pond pike,” and the very important “chain pickerel.” The latter is the fish that most anglers will meet with in nearly all the Atlantic coast states; it holds the anomolous position of being a “pike” while the true pike is never a “pickerel.” The contour of body, as well as the fin assemblage, is identical in all the species with the exception of the jaws, which in the pickerel are upper and lower, almost of the same length; while with the muskellunge and the pikes the upper jaw is much the shorter and fits into a groove in the lower jaw, when closed, in much the same manner as some of the crocodiles. Again, the markings on the pikes are either bands or mottled effects, while on the pickerel the succes- sion of well defined links resembling a chain are never absent and are one of the distinguishing features. This gave rise to the name, and in Colonial days it was given the distinguishing name of “federation pike” as these links are usu- ally thirteen in number along the central line, and are black, while the body is usually of a yellowish green shading to nearly white on the belly. While the average angler in from a trip will say he has had a good day with the pike and has taken maybe a half-dozen, the chances are strong that he has not taken one, particularly if he has been fishing near the seaboard any- where from Maine to the Gulf waters. While pike do exist in many of the waters where pickerel are met with, they are so small as a rule that they are usually termed “jack” and are thrown back into the water. If the fisherman was at all observant his entire catch would reveal that pickerel were on his string. Another important feature belong- ing to this fish is that he alone of all his tribes visits salt water and that is why I have included it among these sketches. If there are any other of his relatives that have this habit I have never met with it, neither have I ever heard that such was the case. While it is regarded as strictly a fresh water fish, and can and does live where it can- not reach brackish water, still it is more abundant in streams where they empty into rivers and bays and is to be met with far below salt water limits. This is particularly true of Barnegat Bay. I know of no stream which empties into that important body of water which is not prolific of the pickerel. The Metede- conk river. Cedar creek, Tom’s river and all the adjacent streams are at the proper season the best of localities for the sport. I have fished over all the above mentioned waters for many years and, as a matter of fact, do not permit a season to pass without one or more trials over the grounds that have been mentioned. In my boyhood days I have seen these same streams netted and tons of pickerel taken, always drawing the nets where the streams entered the salt water bodies. Of course in those days there were no restrictions on netting and the slaughter of these fish was at times prodigious; and I would not be at all 70 FOREST AND STREAM February, 1919 surprised that if close observation was made it would be found the same condi- tion prevailed in many of the coast states besides New Jersey — that is, that many of the streams emptying into the arms of the sea hold innumerable numbers of these fish. I would not argue, however, vision is legitimate and welcome prey as well as young ducks, frogs and a great variety of other objects. In the stom- achs of large specimens rats have been found and hunger seems to be at all times the paramount issue with them. I was once fishing with a friend in a lake ad- marked traits and habits. They appar- ently enjoy lying concealed behind some cover such as a bunch of water grass, spatter-dock or lily-pads, or when they are to be found watching motionless for any unsuspecting thing to approach, when with the swiftness of light they will that they run to the ocean proper. I have no knowledge that they do; but they do trade down and into brackish water when opportunity affords and it at those points where they are met with in the best of condition. The pickerel is not at all fastidious as to what he may get to eat and when hungry will strike at almost any moving object. Any of the smaller fish which come within his range of jacent to the ocean when he caught a large pickerel which had gorged a cat- fish. Its sharp spike-like rays were ex- tending through the sides of the pickerel, and would seem to 'have caused such suf- fering that no desire for food would have been present; but there was the evidence which could not be doubted, the fish was feeding while in this deplorable condition. In my early days I lived where these fish were most abundant and had many opportunities to be witness of their flash out and gather in the quarry. The victim has but little chance for escape, once the murderous teeth are fastened into its flesh. I have often seen the largest fish lie in such quarters abso- lutely motionless, save the occasional al- most unperceivable motion of tail or fin, just enough to keep their position and frequently with the head just at the sur- face of the water, and while yet in my teens I often shot them in that position. (CONTINUED ON PAGE 84) THE KILLING OF THE OUANANICHE ONE OF MANY ANGLING IDYLS FROM A COMPANIONABLE BOOK THAT TEMPTS YOU OUT-OF-DOORS AND KEEPS YOU THERE. “MACNHILD. A TALE OF PSYCHIC LOVE” ( ( UT tell me, do you really have the If fish of the Grande Decharge in Lake Sunapee?” “Yes, we have been planting them herr for years, and if one takes a fancy to your spoon, Magnhild, you will realize in an instant that you are fast to the gamest of all American fresh water fishes. Now release the click, which checks the line from running out too freely when a fish is fast, by pushing up that button, and let the line pay slowly out as I row, and Miss Barrett will be ready with the land- ing net to help you. I am sorry it is not larger. We came out after bass. I was not expecting to show you the points of salmon fishing. There, I guess you have enough line out, I should judge about 100 feet. So push down the button and re- store the click, and keep your thumb on the handle of the reel so that if a fish strikes, he will strike against something solid and be securely hooked.” “Oh ! I see.” “And don’t hold your rod straight out, at right angles to the course of the boat, but slant it toward the stern. There now, if a fish strikes, you have the best chance of holding him without shivering your rod or breaking your line, and he doesn’t get so much spring that the hook will fail to fasten.” They had rowed a quarter mile or more over the ground where the doctor had expectations, when suddenly the rod was Courtesy of The Gorham Press, Boston. BY DR. JOHN D. QUACKENBOS almost twisted out of Magnhild’s hand by the strike of a lusty fish. “Give him line!” shouted the doctor, “take your hand off the reel handle, it’s a big one”; and as Magnhild obeyed the instruction, the reel whirred merrily as the fish dashed away on the top of the water in a quick succession of leaps. But he failed to break his hold. “Now check him, and reel in! Reel swiftly! Thank Heaven, he is making for the deep water, for there he is much more manageable. Now he is coming toward you with a rush! Reel with all your might! Well done! Keep on reel- ing. He is heading for the boat. His game is to cut under it and part the line. I’ll foil him there. He is taking your rod right under the water. Hold on to it tight. Now give him line, as I force the boat ahead. Aha! he found only water for his purchase and he is thoroughly maddened. Be prepared for ” “Oh! Doctor, what a magnificent spring,” cried Rhoda, as a bar of living silver shot into the air, showering water drops into her face while the boat darted ahead. A second prodigious leap! The salmon cleared the water by four feet and turning a somersault in the air alighted on the bottom of the skiff — but only an instant did he keep company with the astonished occupants. A flash and a splash, and he was out of sight; but in his rapid descent, the line noosed the bamboo handle of the little bass-net Rhoda was holding in readiness, jerked it from her startled grasp, and it sped away across the water in the wake of the frenzied fish. “A ten pound ouananiche!” cried the doctor, “and he did not catch us napping. Keep your hand off the reel now, for he is ugly and may run one hundred and fifty feet if the net does not incumber his movements.” “How he goes. Doctor, and I love to listen to the music of the reel.” “No time for music now, Magnhild. Check him a little, and be ready, for at the end of his run he will make his leap paramount”; and verily as the doctor spoke, the salmon flung himself into the air, lifting the little net which had run out with the line and was midway be- tween fish and fisher, a foot above the water, at the same time disengaging it so that it floated fifty feet from the boat. “What shall I do now?” implored Magnhild, “and we have no net to take him in with.” “He is making for deep water. Reel him in cautiously, slowly, and if you are fortunate enough to exhaust him I will show you how to lift him into the boat without a landing-net. We have to de- pend on our wits in the woods, when mod- em appliances are lacking.” “But, Doctor, you can’t lift that fish out of the water with that delicate lead- February, 1919 FOREST AND STREAIVI 71 er,” interrupted Rhoda impetuously. “Good philosophy, Miss Barrett. Face your fish, Magnhild, and be ready. He hasn’t exhausted his ways and means of defense. He is deliberately heading for those sharp rocks over there by the point in hope to cut the line on one of them. He well knows every one, and you must turn him. Nothing like giving him the butt. Remember how it turned your trout up the brook, but don’t check this fish too violently lest you tear the fly from his delicate mouth.” “Indeed, I do remember,” and Magn- hild at once suited the action to the word. After a series of vicious tugs, suggesting that he had been there before, shaking the taut line as a terrier shakes a rat, the giant fish, always met by the give of the pliant rod, changed his in- tention, and again drove up on the tantalizing line. But the doc- tor was prepared for this move, and three or four of his powerful strokes sent the boat well ahead while Magnhild reeled, so the sal- mon failed to get the slack he counted on and which by experience he knew meant freedom. Thwarted in this movement, the desperate fish next bolted across the boat’s course for the open lake at a rate of speed that fairly made the water hiss as the tense line sped through it. “Hold him tight, Magnhild,” di- rected the doctor. “Now, quick, take your hand off the reel han- dle, he is making for the deep wa- ter where he will probably sulk. Now press your thumb against the line on the spool so that he will not get it too easily and lose his head again, and rise to the sur- face to jump. We have the ad- vantage so long as we can keep that fellow in deep water. Now he is up to his old tricks again, following the line of least resist- ance and doubling on you. Reel quickly and show him you are not asleep. And don’t-reel-your-line- all-up-on-one-side-of -.the - cylinder, else your check-mate is in sight. Look out for that; spread your line as evenly as you can over the spool. And we must follow the fish out into the lake a little, so as to relieve the strain on the line.” “Why, he has stopped running. Doctor, and hangs like a dead weight on the line. What is he doing, and what shall I do?” “He is sulking. And that will give you time to take breath and prepare for his next move. Just hold him steady, for he is right dovm under the boat now, in water fifty feet deep. Take deep breaths and rest your arms. When you get ready to renew the fight — and you must not give him too much time to recover his nerve — twitch him. That’s right, a little more savagely. It doesn’t stir him, does it?” “Not in the least.” “Wen, I’ll teach you a trick that sel- dom fails. When hunting, we sometimes strike the trunk of a hollow tree with a stone, to start a squirrel out of his hole, and it usually succeeds. If you will ap- ply this same principle to the present sit- uation, you will probably scare your fish into another rampage. Tap the butt of your rod above the reel plate quite forc- ibly with your knuckles. Keep on doing it. Doesn’t he respond? A little harder then, so that he can feel the vibrations through the tense line. He is on the move. He does not understand it. He never had a minnow in his mouth that stung him so cruelly and quivered like that. He has made up his mind to change his quarters, and so long as he will stay down and ex- haust himself by runs near the sandy bottom, we shall find no fault.” “I think I am good for such runs if the tackle only holds.” “The tackle is all right, Magnhild. There are two things I never economize John D. Quackenbos, A.M., M.D. in — medicine and fishing-tackle. Life may be lost by an insufficient or hypothe- cated cheap dose. Big fish often cut ac- quaintance because of a flaw in leader or line. You are playing him very properly. Watch your line and spread it evenly over the reel-barrel, recovering it as tact- fully as you can. But when you get him near the boat, be extra careful! When he sees us, he will make a supreme effort to escape.” “Oh ! look at that beautiful silver fish,” cried Rhoda, as she peered into the blue water and saw the salmon steered toward the surface by the shortening of Magn- hild’s line. “He is partly on his side and how it gleams !” “Be wary now, Magnhild,” continued the doctor. “These landlocks are incarna- tions of energy, and perhaps he has just let you lead him along so that he can take in the whole situation, but without any intention of surrender. Besides, this means a rest for him. I have seen a salmon jump out of the boat while the successful angler sat admiring its charms as it lay apparently dead on the bottom board. A flash of purple-blue and silver, and he was gone to his captor forever. We have no net, remember, and that fish must be thoroughly asphyxiated before I attempt to take him in out of the wet. I believe he is getting ready for a final frantic dash; so handle the reel with your lightest touch as you gingerly take up the line, and don’t hesitate to let him have everything his own way when he starts. I do not dare to try my landing scheme yet, he is far from giving in — and there he goes!” The reel fairly screamed as the great fish tore through the water. “What a magnificent cut for the depths. But you notice, he did not break. He is losing his spirit fast. The next time you bring him up perhaps I can lift him in.” “His run is shorter. Doctor, and less spirited. He is giving up. Oh! I am so afraid I shall lose him.” “The surest way to lose your fish after such a glorious battle is to lose your head. Don’t be distrust- ful, else you mey unconsciously re- lax your vigilance and forfeit your prize. Reel him slowly and delib- erately up toward the boat. Do you see him coming?” Magnhild stood up, the better to obey the final instructions. “Yes, I see a white shadowy streak away down in the water. He is on his side. You can see him now, can’t you. Doctor?” “Yes, swing the tip of your rod as you stand there, toward the bow and over my head. He is coming completely played out. Bring him over a little nearer — no fear of rushes now,” and as Magnhild drew the fish within arm’s length, the doctor, with a dexterity ac- quired by long practice, slipped his hand under the salmon, balanced it nicely in his palm, and before it had time to realize what was doing, lightly tossed it into the boat. The moment the fish touched the carpeting, he realized dimly that he was* out of his element and be- gan instinctively to curl himself for a jump, when the doctor shouted, “Cover him quick with your skirts, girls! Be game, throw your skirts over him, or he may fling himself out of the boat!” The order was automatically obeyed, and the great fish leaped to his death against the restraining folds of under- muslin. Then the doctor unloosed the fly, and to make assurance doubly sure struck him a sharp blow on the neck with a wooden mallet he carried for the purpose, and the three gazed for a moment in mute admiration at the lis- some figure of one of the gamest of his race. “And now I’ll weigh him for you,” said the doctor, producing from a drawer under the seat he occupied a brass fish- balance, and hooking it in the upper jaw noted the index go dovra to 9 lbs., 14 ounces. “Magnhild, you are a true fisher-maid,” (CONTINUED ON PAGE 84) 72 FOREST AND STREAM February, 1919 FORESTaHISTREAM FORTY-EIGHTH YEAR FOUNDERS OF THE AUDUBON SOCIETY GOVERNING BOARD: GEOEGE BIRD GEINNELL, New York, N. Y. GAEL E. AEELEY, American Museum of Natural History, New York FEANH S, DAGGETT, Museum of Science, Eos Anreles, Cal. EDMUND HELLEE, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C. C. HAET MEEEIAM, Biological Survey, Washington, D. C. WILFEED H. OSGOOD, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, 111. JOHN M. PHILLIPS, Pennsylvania Game Commission, Pittsburgh, Pa. CHARLES SHELDON, Washington, D. C. GEOEGE SHIEAS, 3rd. Washington. D. C. WILLIAM BRUETTE, Editor TOM WOOD, Manager Nine East Fortieth Street, New York City THE OBJECT OP THIS JOURNAL WILL BE TO studiously promote a healthful interest in outdoor rec- reation, and a refined taste for natural objects. August 14, 1873. COLONEL THEODORE ROOSEVELT A S this issue goes to press the country is saddened by news of the death of Colonel Theodore Roose- velt, probably the most widely known sportsman in the world. Colonel Roosevelt always cherished a great affection for Forest and Stream, as it was the paper for which he wrote the first of those stories of hunting and adventure which have become fa- miliar as far, and farther, than English is read. When this paper was reorganized, the meeting to elect the present Governing Board was held at Col- onel Roosevelt’s home at Oyster Bay. An ardent sportsman, a fair antagonist, a forceful personality, has gone from among the walks of men. As long as men’s spirits thrill at tales of the Chase and the Great Outdoors, and as long as the printed page endures, this great-hearted personality will continue to speak to generations of sportsmen yet unborn. A YEAR OF THE AUDUBON SOCIETY ■THE annual report of T. Gilbert Pearson, Execu- ■ tive Head of the National Association of Audu- bon Societies, just being issued is a concise document covering a wide range of activities. In the past year, Mr. Pearson, at the request of the United States Food Administrator, went to the southern coasts to investigate a wide complaint that the brown pelican was destroying valuable food fish and should, therefore, be exterminated. By visiting all the peli- can colonies from Mexico to Key West, he learned, on the contrary, that these birds, of which he esti- mates there are only 65,000 adult specimens, prey almost exclusively on fish not eaten by man and which are destructive to the young of the fish ordi- narily offered in our markets. The sea gulls, accused of despoiling the sheep ranges on the islands off the coast of Maine, were found, after careful study, to be a material aid to increasing the vegetation in those regions. Valuable contributions to our knowledge of the practical uses of birds were made through the Asso- ciation’s Department of Applied Ornithology in charge of Mr. H. K. Job. At his experimental bird farm at Amston, Connecticut, Mr. Job has made im- portant investigations and has also distributed in- formation to neighboring land owners, and spread facts through his lectures and writing, as well as through the publications of the organization. Read- ers will recall the interesting account of the wild fowl farm at Amston, published in the May issue of Forest and Stream. The Association has been active in saving the Klamath and Malheur Bird Reservations in Oregon and California from being dismantled and drained on the plea that the land was needed as ranches. It was shown that the birds which found refuge there, especially in the breeding season, justified the pro- tection afforded them as the winged conservators of grain and fruit crops. With the passage of the Enabling Act of the Mi- gratory Bird Treaty, the means for shielding the birds from destruction on their way from the United States to Canada has been greatly increased and with the coming of peace, the champions of the wild life of the forests and thickets, will have both federal and state legislation to aid them. Despite the many demands made by the war, the Association and its affiliated societies in all parts of the country, have made steady progress. The at- tention which has been focused upon the economic factor in bird protection brought into the organiza- tion one hundred and sixty-one Life Members, the largest number ever received in one year in its history. This meant an addition of $16,100 to the much-needed permanent endowment fund, $10,000 of which was invested at once in bonds of the Third and Fourth Liberty Loans. The Junior Classes, which are devoted to the study of bird life under the direction of teacher volunteers, did not increase as much as usual owing to the many needs of the War Stamp and Red Cross Funds and other worthy causes connected with the war. The fiscal year closed, however, with an additional 150,000 American boys and girls enrolled in the 6,297 classes of the Association distributed through- out the Union. The work of instructing the younger generation in the ways of birds and in nature obser- vation was made possible, in a large measure, through the generosity of the late Mrs. Russell Sage, General Coleman DuPont, George Eastman, and a benefactor, unknown even to the officers of the As- sociation, whose subscription was $20,000 for this purpose. The Sustaining Membership now numbers 3,890 persons, who pay an annual subscription of $5 each. The total receipts for the year were $121,535.28. The movement toward the erection of a perma- nent building with museum and administrative offices will be urged during the coming year. DIED A SOLDIER’S DEATH ■^HE Audubon Association met a great loss in ^ the tragic death of an ornithologist of its staff, Mr. Walter Freeman McMahon, familiarly known as “The Bird Walk Man,” who was killed in action while on duty as a soldier in France. His keen ob- servation of nature made him useful as a scout, for February, 1919 73 FOREST AND STREAM no camouflage concealing enemy machine gun nests, nor disguised snipers, could deceive him. He was shot finally by a German sharpshooter, but not until he had lead many a successful foray against the hid- den foes. Arrangements will be made for continu- ing his work with the Audubon Association as a memorial to him, if the necessary funds can be found. Mr. McMahon was a frequent and valued contri- butor to the natural history department of Forest AND Stream and has made many friends among its readers who will keenly miss their friend. THE NATURE WORSHIPPERS VJ^HAT real Sportsman is there whose very mind ™ and body do not thrill to the Flying Wedge of geese, honking its way through the sky to its nesting place, far away? The whirring rise of the quail covey rings some deep, vibrating chord, stirring him as not even grand opera music stirs. No drum made by man throbs, to him, with such gripping beat as the drum of the ruffed grouse. The first flight of woodcock across the frosted full moon stirs his soul as with mystic thrill of solemn religion. And no fire worshipper in days gone by ever loved the miraculous flame as your sportsman, lying in dreams where the camp fires glow in wilder- ness of palm or pine or spired spruce, where the wild children, feathered or furred, or glistening with wondrous scales, whisper or ripple their night songs to the skies. If there be any ardent Nature Worshipper it is that genuine sportsman, lying in the reed-hidden boat, in the lagoon just back of the dunes where the great ocean booms, where, through the weaving mists of dawn the mystic rustle of wings come> while the glory-light rolls up, avant courier of the red ball of the sun, dyeing the world of waters and wild reed, sand and dune of ocean, with colors of flaming jewels where the wild duck throngs on his great migration. Your real sportsman is in fact a true Nature Wor- shipper, for his whole being, body and mind and soul ring and respond. He knows Nature, not alone with his head, but with his eyes and heart, his emotions and his in- stincts. And always he is a sane idealist. And that means he is a religious man too, in the funda- mental sense of that term. Creedless he may be and often is ; but his soul is alive. He is a Nature Worshipper. And for that reason. Nature tells him things she reveals to no other with like charm and convincing power. A WORD FOR THE CANOE D ARRING the raft, the canoe is probably the most ^ ancient form of floating craft. Long before the mechanically complicated process of rowing with oars braced in oarlocks was discovered, the primitive savage threw his weight against a pole pushed into the river bed and found out that the log on which he stood went in the direction in which he wished it to go. It was probably a surprised aborigine who discovered that water also had sufficient resistance to a pole to move the craft, and in this humble man- ner the noble art of paddling may have been bom. From earliest days to the present there has been a fascination in the canoe, for the craft has held its ancient, simple form in the face of mechanical in- ventions which have been applied to other primitive articles. Its lightness, its facility of motion, the intimacy with Nature which one feels when sus- pended over a limpid pool, close to its surface, with- in reach of its substance, separated by only the mer- est shell of wood from the mobile water and yet held as safely and securely as though the craft were of staunchest steel — these things make for a love of canoeing and cruising that is inherent in mankind. The sport appeals to all ages. Probably the young- est canoeist of whom we have record was Moses of Biblical repute, who when a mere infant was set afloat by a discerning mother in a canoe of sorts, in which, so History tells us, he floated to a life of ease and luxury, even becoming the equal of kings. All good canoeists have experienced that sensation.. Good fortune still attends the lover of the sport of canoeing, for his are the treasures of health, sound sleep, good appetite and digestion, and a contented mind. It is a fact often noted among outdoor people that one never tires of canoeing. The pleasure of each summer’s cruise will be as great as the delight you felt at the conclusion of your first outing. It will never decrease, for the infinity of places to be visited — of streams to go up or down until they become known and loved highways — of camping wherever you will and for as long as you list — ^these com- ponent parts of the pleasure of canoeing give a sweet savor to memory and a piquant zest to anticipation. JOHNNY. GET YOUR GUN! IT IS generally recognized that the crow is not onljr ^ an arch enemy of the farmer but is also a serious- menace to the breeding and propagation of game. The crow’s record is like its coat — about as black as black can be. In the interest of the conservation of grain and the protection of game and insectivorous birds, you are invited to take an active part during 1919 in a National Crow Shoot, the chief purpose of which is to wage war against these pests, particu- larly in sections where they are numerous. It is estimated that every year insects cause a loss of millions of dollars to the farmers, truck raisers and fruit growers. The farmers are the producers^ and whatever loss they sustain aifects every con- sumer in the country. Song birds are the natural enemies of all insect life — song birds alone can keep- in check the ravages of insects. Crows destroy birds, birds destroy insects, insects destroy crops — there- fore, kill the crows and save the crops. It is certain that some concerted action on the part of farmers and sportsmen to reduce the number of these pests will conserve a large quantity of grain and thus prove an important factor in meeting America’s obligation to feed the world during these critical years, at the same time giving practical sup- port to the protection and propagation of game in this country. It is for this purpose that the National’ Crow Shoot, which is mentioned elsewhere in these- columns, will be conducted during 1919. AN INVITATION CEND us a postal card of fishing news or experience or incident. Our columns are always open, and their interest depends upon the number and diversity of communications which appear there. No other journal in this country begins to give the amount and variety of literature printed here from month to month. It is the ambition of those in conduct of Forest and Stream to increase its value and inter- est to the American sportsman. 74 FORES T A X I) S T R E A M February, 1919 ANTELOPES OF LOWER CALIFORNIA THE PRONGHORN IS A DISTINCTIVELY NORTH AMERICAN ANIMAL, IN SWIFTNESS OF FOOT SURPASSING ANY OTHER NATIVE MAMMAL OF all mammals, the pronghorn is most distinctively North American, for it is the sole representative of a family of ungulates found nowhere else. In its anatomical structure it combines certain characteristics of the deer, the wild cattle, and the true antelopes. It is the only hollow-horned ungulate that periodically sheds the sheaths of its horns; another unique feature is the ab- sence of dew-claws on its feet. It is a splendid example of a highly-specialized, essentially plains-living creature, and all observers agree that in swiftness of foot it surpasses any other native American mammal. Pronghorns formerly ranged over practically the entire western half 01 the United States, northward well into Canada and southward in Mexico to the edge of the tropics. The interesting letter from Dr. George Bird Grinnell, in the December Forest AND Stream, with reference to the au- tumn migration of the pronghorn, and the accompanying editorial on “The Vanishing Antelope,” make it appropri- ate to call attention to the fact that a considerable though rapidly diminishing number of pronghorns still exists in the northern part of the Mexican State of Lower California. These pronghorns be- long to a distinct geographical race or subspecies, described, in 1912, as Anti- locapra americana peninsularis by Mr. E. W. Nelson, the Chief of the U. S. Biological Survey. The form of antelope inhabiting the United States and Canada is known as subspecies americana, while that of the Mexican tableland is called mexicana, making three races of this unique and highly interesting game animal on the continent. Within ten years pronghorns were abundant in the arid basins of northern Lower California, but they have now been shot down to a poor remnant, along with the splendid Cocopah mountain sheep and other mammals that yield meat or trophies. Pronghorns in par- ticular, judging from their history in our western states, .seem literally to wither away before the onslaughts of hunters, their exceedingly delicate ad- justment to a rather limited environ- ment, and consequent non-adaptability, doubtless contributing much toward their speedy extermination. Nelson predicts a brief and unfortunate future for the Ixjwer Californian race, and, in a ter- ritory as yet without game laws, the fulfillment of his prophecy is more likely to be hastened than delayed. rHE Natural History Depart- ment has been for nearly half a century a clearing-house for in- formation of interest to all. Our readers are invited to send any questions that come under the head of this department to Robert Cush- man Murphy, in care of Forest AND Stream. Mr. Murphy, who is Curator of the Department of Na- tural Science in the Brooklyn Museum, will answer through these columns. — [Editors.] The pronghorn antelope IN the spring of 1915 I had the pleasure of making an expedition into the lit- tle-known desert sinks of northern Lower California, between the delta of the River Colorado and the peninsular escarpment, for the principal purpose of obtaining specimens of pronghorns and other desert-living creatures that were desired for use in the Brooklyn Museum’s exhibit of desert life. My companion in the field work was Mr. R. H. Rockwell, chief taxidermist in the Museum, who subsequently mounted the animals collected. We began our actual hunting on April 2, 1915, on the desert slopes west of the Pattie Basin. We had ended our out- ward journey the night before, and had made camp in the heart of the ante- lope country, seven miles from the near- est water-hole. Starting by starlight and moonlight on the morning of the 2d, we were off with the guide. Captain Funcke, just as the first faint streak of orange lined the crest of the Pinto Moun- tains. The sun rose red and sparkled on the heights of San Pedro Martir, and for a brief while the desert was like a garden of cool, sweet odors. The perfume came mostly from a lavender “four o’clock” (Abronia villosa), but was mingled with the delicate scent of a small white primrose, a tall desert “Easter lily,” and a score of other flow- ers, yellow, white, red, and purple. Mocking-birds were singing their best from every mesquite; a pair of croak- ing ravens circled over us; various liz- ards, just warming into activity, scut- tled hither and thither. We spread out abreast about two hundred yards apart, keeping a sharp lookout ahead. The country was fairly open — with ironwood and mesquite along the washes, and groves of creosote bush stretching down towards the basin. In most places we could see around us for three or four hundred yards, sometimes even farther. Walking was difficult, owing to the fields of volcanic pebbles on the mesa, and the soft sand in the arroyos. The heart- shaped tracks of antelopes were visible everywhere, but were mostly old. Fin- ally we came upon the track of a single buck which had apparently passed with- in a short time, and a few minutes later I spied the animal some distance in ad- vance. I had scarcely time to crouch, before it started off on. a lope, and, after we had trailed it about two miles, we gave it up and sought a new trail. Antelopes begin to feed early in the morning, and cover the ground rapidly while they graze; but be- fore the sun is high they almost invari- ably lie down to rest. If a band is dis- covered while feeding, the animals do not always run away at sight. They may instead stand and watch with curi- osity, or they may even come forward Februaky, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 75 to investigate at close range. The last is what happened at our second meet- ing. I saw a troop of seven or eight bucks and does in the distance, and while we were stalking them, a beautiful buck, taking us perchance for a new kind of pronghorn, came cantering towards us, stiff-legged and proud. He stopped eighty or ninety yards away from Cap- tain Funcke, who on bended knee, was watching him along his rifle barrel. During the eleven days that followed, I saw a total of about sixty pronghorns, most often singly, but sometimes in groups of two or three. Only once, as related above, we saw no fewer than eight in one band, two or more of which were bucks; and on another occasion Mr. Rockwell killed a doe that was in company with four other animals. All that we encountered, with one exception, were hopelessly wild — as wary, indeed, as even such shy un- gulates could well be. Moreover, they seemed to absent themselves for days together from large tracts of country through which we had hunted but once or twice. Under such circumstances, our opportunity for coming into close contact with them was very limited. Yet it seems worth while to record such scanty observations as I was able to make, together with brief data gleaned from the experience of Captain Funcke, who, in 1912, col- lected the type speci- men of the penin- sular subspecies. A FACT of particular interest with regard to the Lower California pronghorn is that the season of the birth of its young seems to be three or four months earlier than the nor- mal period for antelopes along the Mex- ican border of the United States. Dur- ing our hunting in Pattie Basin, April 1-12, 1915, we frequently observed the tracks of does and fawns together. On April 4, our Mexican horse wrangler shot a fawn which he found sleeping among the creosote bushes. Three days later Captain Funcke collected two oth- ers of approximately the same size as the first. The three fawns were very nearly half-grown. It was evident that they had all been weaned, for their stomachs were filled with finely-chopped, bright green, fleshy leaves, the whole mass be- ing in a thick fluid state. I examined this pabulum carefully, and found only fragments of succulent leaves, with no trace of grass. Captain Funcke felt quite certain that our three fawns had been born not later than the middle of February, which he said was the normal time of year for the Lower Californian subspecies. If one were to judge by analogy with the fawns of white-tailed deer, the young antelopes would have been called at least three months of age. Now throughout the western United States, and wher- ever antelopes occur along the Mexican border, June is the month in which most of the young are born. Only rarely are the fawns known to have come into the world as early as May, although the birth season may be greatly extended at its later end. Dr. Mearns, for instance, once observed near the Mexican line a doe antelope with two small fawns on September 23, and he took both large and small fetuses from females killed in June. Owing to the size and probable age of, our fawns, the circumstances under which they were taken, and the corro- borative evidence of such hoof-prints as we saw, there can be little doubt that they had been merely temporarily left to themselves. The doe antelope’s cus- tom of leaving her fawns in hiding, usually at some little distance from one another, while she forages for herself, is well known. Hofer, in Forest and Stream for August, 1899, describes with what watchfulness and subtlety a doe returns to the place where her young are patiently awaiting her, concealed rather by their own quietness than by any cover. He states that the fawns go down on their knees, like lambs, to suckle, and that if the family becomes alarmed while the youngsters are nurs- ing or playing, they “drop, as if shot, never stopping to fold a leg under them, but flattening themselves on the ground.” It was in just such a “frozen” posture that our Mexican found the first victim. In February, according to Captain Funcke, the Lower Californian antelope does are harried continually by the pesti- ferously abundant coyotes, which try to steal the young fawns. The tactics of a doe in defending her family from a dog are sympathetically described by Hofer, but no doubt an antelope mother would put up a more desperate fight against coyotes alone than against a dog in the presence of its human master. The ecologic significance of a birth season four months earlier at the south- ern end of the Colorado Desert than along various parts of the Mexican bor- der is still to be divined. Doubtless, however, it has a close relation to the growing season of the annual plants, and is secondarily connected with the extraordinarily hot, dry summer climate of the northern Lower Californian des- erts. The difference in the time of this most important of all functions must, of course, affect the antelope’s whole life history. It must relegate the rutting period to early summer, instead of Sep- tember or October as in the western United States; fur- thermore, it might be expected to have an effect upon the season of molt. Little specific information ap- pears to have been published re- garding the food plants of the prong- horn antelope. Cat- on, the author of “The Deer and An- telope of North America,” writes that the wild herds live on “ buffalo gras s,” and that captive specimens in his deer-park grazed freely upon standing blue grass, and also ate hay. Dr. Homa- day, of the New York Zodlogical Park, found the antelopes in the Pinacate section of Sonora cropping a species of desert plantain (Plantago) that grew in the lava fields. The Lower Californian animals undoubtedly subsist throughout most of the year upon vari- ous kinds of sun-cured vegetation, but during the brief spring season of verdure they seem to prefer tender leafage. Al- though desert bunch-grass, called by the Mexicans “guayeta,” was common in scattered patches on the lower slopes of Pattie Basin, I looked in vain for evi- dence that the antelopes had fed upon it. Captain Funcke maintained that they ate no grass at any season of the year. The foliage of the trailing, lav- ender-flowered “four o’clock,” Abronia villosa, which grew in sandy parts of the Pattie Basin, was a favorite for- age. Another plant that they crushed and mouthed, apparently for the mois- ture it contained, was the desert broom- rape, Orobanche multiflora, a parasite on the roots of other species. We found many of its flowering heads, uprooted and chewed, in the wake of browsing antelopes. Captain Funcke informed me (CONTNUED ON PAGE 88) Courtesy of the Brooklyn Museum. Mounted group of Lower California Pronghorns in the Brooklyn Museum 76 FOREST AND STREAM February, 1919 For Blistered Feet I HAVE often read of using soap as a preventive of blisters, but have never known how to apply it. An old relative of mine, when questioned, said the socks should be woolen, if possible, and that the common yellow bar soap should be coated on the inside from the ankles down, and that the application should be repeated for two or three days, by which time the feet would be hardened. I did not take much stock in the idea but I tried it, and on a long hike last summer I was the only one who did not suffer from foot troubles. This woolen socks were used and roomy, but not too large shoes; a shoe that is too large will ruin the foot almost as quickly as one too small. R. L. Howard, Pittsburg, Pa. Concerning Fly Dope 'TX) write, at this time of year, on the subject of dope may not be quite apropos, but the man with the long head makes a note of anything useful he comes across, against the future, while he of the long ears passes by anything that does not concern the immediate present. A good dope was advocated by one of your correspondents several months ago. Let us call it the Three C’s. Here is the formula: 2 parts oil of citronella, 2 parts spirits of camphor, 1 part oil of cedar. Nearly forty years ago I began using a certain dope while fishing in the Ad- irondacks, and have been using it, as occasion required, ever since. Let us call it the Fisherman’s Friend. Here is the formula: 9 parts castor oil, 8 parts sweet oil, 2 parts carbolic acid, 1 part oil of pennyroyal. The past summer, owing to a very backward spring in the high lands of Maine, the usual aerial pests were un- commonly late in appearing, so that when my wife and I arrived at a certain camp in Piscataquis County on August 1, we found the mosquitoes still lively and most worthy representatives of the old scratch. Fortunately, dope was not lacking, and it was immediately brought into requisition and well tried out. We found both the dopes already mentioned very effective and about equally repel- lent to the mosquitoes. After we got matters on a running basis, I found that my wife pinned her faith exclusively to the Three C’s, while I just as tenaciously clung to the Fisherman’s Friend. The reason is not far to seek, the former being considerably more agreeable to the besmeared one, while the latter is a good bit more durable, one application of it brings, I should say, more than equal to three applications of the Three C’s. However, both are effective and can be recommended. I had been told that a little oil of eucalyptus in a saucer standing near one’s bed would give one a night free from the attentions of mosquitoes. We tried it last summer and it did not work at all for us. E. B. U. (Commodore), Maryland. E are depending upon the friends and admirers of our old correspondent Nessmuk to make this department worthy of his name. No man knew the woods better than Nessmuk or wrote of them with quainter charm. Many of his practical ideas on camping and “going light” have been adopt- ed by the United States Army; his canoe has been preserved in the Smithsonian Institution; and we hope that all good woodsmen will contribute to this department their Hints and Kinks and trail-tested contrivances. — Editors. Duck Food Collecting For many years there has been a movement gradually gaining strength for better laws and better facilities for game preservation. An interesting part of this development is the one devoted to the betterment of feeding grounds. A glance at a map showing wild fowl mi- gration will show that the birds follow each year the same routes and that these routes are largely determined by the presence of food. A few weeks ago I visited a game pre- serve and was astounded by the extensive business carried on in duck foods. Seeds and bulbs were being collected by tons for shipment to all parts of the country. The plant maintains a superintendent who has general charge of the collections, a modern office for the handling of cor- respondence, a laborator yfor the prepa- ration of educational exhibits, and an advertising manager. The proprietor spends most of his time on the road giv- ing personal attention to the matter of planting and preparation of soil. In addition to the business of food collection, several hundred mallards are raised for decoys. These are shipped to private clubs for use during the hunting season. As a sportsman I was glad to feel that at last the sentiment is spreading for better game conditions. It means that the pot-hunter will soon be a matter of past history in America. I hope to see more written on this subject and a more active campaign conducted toward better- ing conditions for wild fowl. The variety of foods was of interest to me. I confess I did not realize there were so many important foods for ducks. Among the varieties collected were wapato bulbs, cress, celery, lotus, rice, millet, chupas, and coontail. Different foods were used for deep and shallow waters. An attendant told me that several states through the departments of con- servation had employed the service of experts to give advice and surpervise planting of foods. This means that the movement is more than local and will affect the hunting over large areas. It also means that the whole country is awakening to the fact that more than the limiting of a day’s kill is necessary to give protection. With the co-operation of the maga- zines it is certain that those interested in wild life will soon make it impossible for those inclined to repeat the tragedies of the past. Raymond E. Manchester, Wisconsin. Make Your Own Duck Decoys "^HIS is a message to the brother duck hunters who want some “knittin’ work” for the winter evenings and who, incidentally, want to lessen in another way, the high cost of shooting. It is a simple process for the manufac- ture of duck decoys for the different va- rieties of latter season birds, viz., blue- bills, whistlers, red heads, mallards, etc. In the vicinity of hunting grounds, there are usually to be found condemned and discarded cork lifebelts. (If some old “salt” does hold them for a price, usu- ally a plump Havana with a bright red band or a well turned boost will do the trick.) In each section of the life pre- servers you will find, after ripping off the canvas, a solid, rectangular block of cork. Place two of the blocks firmly to- gether and drive through them five pine or cedar, wedge-shaped pegs of small di- ameter. This makes one solid block and constitutes the body of the decoy. With a sharp, long-bladed knife or keyhole saw shape the cork to the desired size — length and width — lea\nng the bottom flat. February, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 77 The head may also be made of cork, but being' the part that gets the banging about, it is much more satisfactory to make it of wood. Use a piece of two x four soft pine with clear grain. Saw roughly the shape of the head and work down with a sharp knife, being particu- lar to leave the neck long enough. It can be cut down at the last if necessary. The diagrams give the general shape and size of body and head, but dimensions de- pend upon the size of cork blocks. Having the head and body, now comes the highly important task of putting them together. With a half-inch bit, bore an inch and a half into the body (where the neck is going to fit on) and the same distance into the neck. (A vise is almost necessary for the latter pro- cess.) Now, whittle out a peg of pine three inches long and one-half inch in di- ameter, with flanges or barbs at one end. Pour a little shellac into each hole and immediately insert the peg, putting the barbed end into the cork. If your work is well done, the head will set firm on the body. NOTE: You can tilt the head by changing the angle of the hole in the body; you can have the duck looking ahead, to the right or to the left, de- pending on how the peg is inserted. The duck is now in rough shape. It is enough to use putty around the neck joint and at the seam where the two pieces of cork come together. A friend of mine uses putty to “smooth up’’ the bird, all over, but this gets you no better results — it, of course, does satisfy your asthetic sense. About the painting, you will have to exercise your own discretion. Let me say here, by the way, no brother need be discouraged through supposed lack of artistic ability. I have seen some mighty finished articles by fellows who could not, on a wager, paint a fence sign in legible fashion. If you are in doubt as to the markings of the different varieties of ducks, go to the attic and bring down some of the dust covered “boys” or con- sult some authentic colored plate or con- fer with a brother sportsman. I find that a foundation of black serves best for the different kinds. Do not be afraid to outdo the white. Use glossy paints. Balance the duck with a piece of flat lead, as usual. The cork will require a third more than wood. Put in the screw eye or staple at the bottom front, use brass-headed tacks for eyes — set fairly low in the head — and you have a duck as much a game-getter as the best, costing you not more than two bits. And think of the good time you’ve had puttering around! But the real big, satisfied, feeling will come in the nip of next season when, en- tertaining some fellow hunter you slap yourself on your inflated chest and say, “Behold the workmanship of an artist!” Then hear him exclaim, “You don’t say so!” (Meaning what?) You will be surprised how expert you become after the apprentice lot. You will doubtless produce some specimens which you will display — if your wife will allow it — on, the mantle shelf along side of that painting by Michael Angelo or the marble bust of Lincoln, as master- pieces of workmanship. Here’s success to your efforts! Gordon J. Platt, Vermont. For Suspicious Travelers I HAVE had occasion to travel consid- erably and it has been my misfortune to be obliged to put up at many indif- ferent country hotels. Some of these were not at all clean and inviting. I make a practise of carrying a small box of powdered alum and if the bed in which I am to sleep does not look inviting or looks a little suspicious, I sprinkle the alum powder freely between the sheets and around the pillow. I never have any unpleasant nocturnal visitors. This is not exactly a fishing or hunting hint, as the “birds” in question are not included as game fish or animals or even as bait, but many sportsmen who have had sim- ilar* unpleasant experiences will be glad to know of this reliable preventive. M. M. Todd, Boston, Mass. To Keep Cobbler’s Wax Soft Doubtless all of us who make or mend our own tackle have suffered more or less from the mean ways of cobbler’s wax — in summer it is like soup, in winter granite. It adheres to your fingers, whilst declining to do so upon the desired object; and in winter, when you want to dress flies, it becomes all but hopeless. Yet I, for one, confess to finding no efficient substitute, and lately have found a way of softening its hard- ness. The usual plan for this is to keep the article in water, which upsets, mak- ing a mess of the table, and of the op- erator a “dem moist unpleasant body”; or to put it in your breeches pocket, and forget all about it. Now this may be avoided by keeping it in a box with a tiny bit of camphor, which keeps the surface so soft that a bit of old glove on its face will be found sticky enough to wax thread. I find the best boxes are those small iin boxes in which throat tablets, matches, etc., are sold. The ends are simply turned down, not soldered, so that if desired they can be bent down to allow of waxing stouter cords. I have also tried mixing cam- phor with my wax, but like the simpler plan better. I find a pricker made from an old salmon h’ook (straightened) very use- ful, especially where a whip-knot has to be made on a broken thread of silk; the barb acts like that of a crochet needle. M. Q., London, Eng. 78 FOREST AND STREAJVr February, 1919 AL CAN GET THEM To the Editor of Forset and Stream; AL is my pal. He is an old man. A1 must be sixty-five years old but he still likes to fish and sometimes he catches a few. One Saturday he caught three bass and Hicker and I got not one strike, which proves conclusively that A1 is a great fisherman. It happened that I arrived in my home village Friday night, Nov. 8th, with the thought of going fishing Saturday upper-, most in my mind. I found A1 and he told me that he had just three minnows in his live box of the variety known in our locality as stone-skips. I believe they are better known as sand perch. “What you want is stone-skips,” A1 had told me; so Saturday morning I started out with minnow bucket, light split bamboo rod and line equipped with the tiniest hooks I had in my possession, in search of the wily stone-skip. My efforts were rewarded with any amount of shiners and chubs but not one stone- skip did I succeed in capturing. Then and there I made a mistake; I doubted ATs judgment and decided that chubs and shiners would answer my purpose. We started fishing at about two o’clock — Al, Hicker and I — in a deep hole formed at the junction of the large and a smaller creek. Al hooked on a stone-skip, Hicker a shiner, and I a chub. Al and Hicker were on a point at the north side of the small creek and the east side of the large creek. I was on the south side of the small creek at its mouth. Al caught a small bass in a short time and soon after caught another of about a pound and a half weight. Then he wanted one of us to use his last remain- ing stone-skip, which, of course, we re- fused to do: he put it on his hook and made another cast and almost immediate- ly had another strike. He missed this one but retained his minnow which was badly lacerated. “That’s a pike,” remarked Al. “I didn’t let him have it long enough. Watch me get him this time.” The badly crippled stone-skip ,was taken again. Al let him take out the line until he stopped; he started again and stopped, and on the third run Al made a mighty heave with his old cane pole. In spite of all the years Al had fished and as many fish as he has caught, he still becomes very much excited when he hooks a big one, and resorts to primitive methods. Such was the case on this oc- casion. With the pole clutched firmly in his right hand and the butt lodged against his stomach he pulled the line in with his left hand and held jt in his mouth until he could reach out to pull in some more. In this manner the fish which proved to be a four-pound, six- ounce small mouth bass, was led in to LETTERS QUESTIONS, AND ANSWER shore and hauled up on the bank where it promptly dropped off the hook and flopped back into the water. Hicker was wearing hip boots and standing in the water just where the fish flopped in. Of course Al had made fran- tic efforts to regain it but in vain. Hicker grabbed at the fish as it went into the water and by great luck succeeded in getting one finger under its gills and threw it back to a safe distance on the bank. As the stone-skips were all gone and we had failed to get any strikes on the other minnows, we decided to go home. The large fish was put on the scales at the general store and as mentioned before weighed four pounds and six ounces. Al said “We will call it a five-pounder” and if you were to ask him about it now he would tell you that he caught a five- pound small mouth bass. Donald C. Collom, Pennsylvania. A PRESERVE OF THE PRONGHORN To the Editor of Forest and Stream: V/OUR editorial and the communication ^ from Geo. Bird Grinnell (December number) interest me greatly, for the rea- son that I am one of the survivors of the day in Wyoming Territory when the antelope (1873-6) covered the Laramie plains and the Medicine Bow ranges in herds of thousands, and when the valley of the Yellowstone in Montana was un- inhabited by white men but still the habitat of the beautiful antelope. While “Civilization” has pre-empted nearly all of the old ranges and criss- crossed and bisected them with railroad tracks and brought schools and churches, it seems to have neglected a duty it owes to God and to mankind, for had it been what the name implies it would have made a demonstration that would leave a brighter page in history. In the early 70’s while in camp in Western Nebraska one day I saw slowly threading his way along a grass-grown trail that had been used by generation after generation of his sires, a bull buf- falo. He was totally blind, his old hide was full of gore marks and in some places hairless, giving it the appearance of being tanned. Several of us, afoot, followed him and soon stood within a few feet of him. He knew we were there and stood quietly with his old nose a few feet from the ground while, with his stubby and well- worn tail he tried to drive a swarm of flies from his scabby back. “What’ll we do with him, fellers,” said Bowleg Robinson — “kill him?” “Not by a damned sight,” replied an- other of our party, “leave that to some lavender-legged skunk from the zone of civilization east of the Missouri River.” So the veteran of many battles was allowed to go his way with his rotten and worthless hide, possibly to be gored to death by Texas cattle that were being driven upon the splendid range. To me it seems almost a miracle to hear that there are any antelope left, even in Western Oregon. If, as reported, there are several thousand head, it is not too late to protect them, and I sug- gest a vigorous campaign with both State and Federal authorities, led by Forest AND Stream and its large family of lov- ers of nature and out of doors. The man who kills a protected animal in Yellowstone park goes to the peni- tentiary, if caught, consequently the crime is seldom if ever committed. Why shouldn’t there be a reserve for the dwindling herds of the beautiful prong- horn? There is plenty of range left for a government preserve, and it can be made as safe for this fine animal as Yellowstone park. William Francis Hooker, New York. AN OUNCE OF PREVENTION To the Editor of Forest and Stream : TO say that I am an interested reader of your magazine would be putting it rather mildly. I c|n hardly wait for each issue to come out. I would be will- ing to pay four times the price if it was published four times a month. I am one of those unlucky fellows who gets the call of the forests and streams, and gets it hard too, and often; but on account of pressure of business am often denied the privilege of answering the call. There is a bunch of kindred spirits with whom I have gone to our camp up on the Rangeley Lakes in Maine when- ever I could possibly get away, for the past fifteen years. Many of us take Forest and Stream, and I assure you that when we can’t be there ourselves, your magazine is an excellent substitute. I am much taken with the picture on your letter heads and front pages of the Forest and Stream. Many a wild deer hunt, or hour-long tussle I have had with the “big one” on my line, while sitting by my fire of an evening, my eyes staring into that picture, but my heart far away up among the spruce clad hills, following fancy’s elusive ways, after the wily ones, until my head droops in slumber and I crawl off to bed without once turning to February, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 79 the real stories in the magazine. Gentlemen, I wish to make a sugges- tion, not thinking to improve your paper, for it could not be improved upon, but because of something I and some of my friends would like. The many accidents and near-accidents which occur in the Maine woods would often be avoidable if the chances of such things ever happening were presented to the hunter’s mind. If you could give your readers a col- umn or two in which you would print an outline of accidents that occurred or were avoided, how it happened, how it came near happening, etc., it might bring be- fore the reader’s mind possibilities that had never occurred to him before, and might save someone the necessity of undergoing the experience, as we did, to teach him how to avoid such occurrences. Request your readers to write of actual happenings only, and just as it came about, substituting fictitious names of persons and places only, as some of these experiences will still be painfully fresh in the minds of some of the victims. While of course others (those that came out all right) can only bring a smile when referred to. If by so doing you can save discomfort or a bad scare for someone, or perhaps a life, I think you will be well repaid for the use of a column or so. If you act upon this suggestion I sin- cerely hope you will receive many inter- esting contributions. Chas. L. Burns, Maine. We believe with Mr. Bums that many accidents would he avoided if people sensed the dangerous causes. These col- umns are open to any of our readers who have something to tell us along the lines of the above suggestion. — [Editors.] THE PASSING OF “TILLIE” To the Editor of Forest and Stream : I AM writing the obituary of “ Tillie,” who opened her eyes to the world just eleven years ago. She was a native daughter of the State of California, and was born on the magnificent cattle ranch, “Paso Lee Rancho,” owned by Mr. and Mrs. Arthur K. Lee. This ranch is lo- cated in Sonoma County, a few miles north of Geyserville. Arthur Lee is a wealthy New Yorker who prefers riding a cattle range to a promenade up Fifth Avenue. Mrs. Lee shares her husband’s tastes and is a skilled horsewoman. Their ranch is a hospitable haven of rest for bankers, doc- tors, judges and lawyers who want a short respite from the rush and whirl of a great city. Their ranch is also the haven of rest for all game. Seldom is a deer hunt allowed on their property. One June evening, Mr. and Mrs. Lee were taking a stroll after dinner — and who should walk up to them with no sense of fear but “Tillie.” She had been cruelly abandoned and was looking for a home. “Tillie” at that time was a fawn just about three weeks old. Arthur Lee carried “Tillie” home under his arm and in no time “Tillie” was having a good supper from a nursing bottle. All that summer “Tillie” lived in the or- chard— and then in the late fall she heard the call of the wild, and dis- appeared. But next spring she was back again to “Paso Lee Rancho” and was a favored guest. For eleven years “Tillie” has been a summer boarder of the Lee ranch and every day about dusk she would come doviTi the hill to be fed. If you would not bother her fawns too much she would let you feed them too. She would bring her two fawns down just at twilight with a proud air. You could pat her neck and back all you wanted to, while you fed her stale bread or potato peelings. But make one move to touch the fawns — and in a fiash the trio were gone. “Tillie” was always adorned with a bright piece of ribbon by Mrs. Lee — so that even doe shooters would respect her motherhood. She was cut up once or twice by barbed wire but nothing serious happened to her until recently. “Tillie” was missing and a searching party in- stituted. She was found cold in death “ Tillie ” and her fawns not a quarter of a mile from where she first found her foster parents. “Tillie” was given a decent burial and a tomb- stone has been placed over the grave — and she is at rest on the “Paso Lee Ran- cho” which meant so much to her in her life. Sidney P. Robertson, California. NATURE’S REQUIEM To the Editor of Forest and Stream: T WENT home the other night, pulled off my shoes, traded them for a pair of slippers, got comfortably settled in a big chair by the open fire, and fell to pondering on the passing of years. The blare of trumpets acclaimed each coming New Year — toast and song and revelry by night welcomed the new king — but never a word of the Old Year; and here was I — living in the last days of one that was dying, and dying fast. Out of doors I could hear the wind hustling the falling snow here and there. covering the unsightly spots, blotting out the scars of earth that the Old Year’s glassing eyes might close in peace. I fell to wondering how the Old Year felt about dying — it had lived its allotted time, did it grieve to go? At its birth the time of its passing had been decreed; so unlike the various life that quickened its existence, it knew to the hour its final decease. Was the Old Year leaving a heartache, was there sadness and a longing for a few more days of life, or did the world make merry only over the days to fol- low? Was it off with the old — on with the untried new? So on the morrow I would see how the Old Year felt about it; it was to be the last day. And then the question came: Where could I get the nearest to old '18? Not in the crowded walks of this great city; here there would be no sorrow; the bells too quickly would peal out tid- ings of the new king’s birth. No; I would watch in the shadow of the pines, near to nature’s heart, and mourn alone with her at the midnight hour. So on the following evening just as the shadows crept in and settled on the busy streets, I started for the woods, the pines and solitude. Out through the paved walks of the city, just as the lights be- gan to show, just as the day of toil was ending. How cold it was, how blue the sky with its dancing stars — worlds that had illumined the birthdays of centuries. At last I was out of the city, the woods stood sentinel on either hand, the white carpet was laid, the moon furnished the shadow dancers, as the wind played a weird tune; and moved to the music, the birch and maple balanced to their shadow partners on the snow. I climbed the fence at the roadside and struck out across the field, resolved to climb the mountaiik side showing dark against the sky. Just here in this little clump of birches one day last fall, a woodcock met an untimely end; it was such a woodcock as artists put on can- vas. How different the spot looks by moonlight. I was standing just where the old dog pointed that day when the leaves were falling. There in front of him the woodcock flushed; I could almost hear again Ae whistle and the wings — but alas! it is now but a memory of ’18. I climbed the hill and stopped under a giant pine who had stood so well his winter vigil that the snow found no chance to thrust beneath his guard, and the ground was bare. Beneath me, lights of the city twinkled in answer to the stars. The little lake shown like an opal at the foot of the mountain. Not a sound broke the stillness of the night, and save for the sad faced moon, looking down, I knew of no mourner but myself for the Old Year. Woods and fields where my dogs and I had spent red-letter days lay at my feet. I could see here a spot and there another where the heart had quickened. I could almost fancy the dull boom of the double barrels as the bird went on. I heard the music of the hounds on a far away hill, and I followed my own 80 FOREST AND STREAM Februaey, 1919 footsteps homeward with the red pelt. And ’18 was dying; these were but memories. What of 1919? It was a hazard of fortune. Then from field I turned to fireside, and my heart failed me. How could I let the Old Year go? Only I could see the faces that saw the year begin — comrades of forest and stream, companions of camp-fire and trail — gone %vere they across the Great Divide. What to them or I was the coming of the New’ Year? Then through the haze I saw the still white faces, heard the roar of a thousand guns, saw the wreck and ruin of a hun- dred battlefields; w'ould the bells of the new’ born year bring perpetual peace? But now as I wondered the shadows fled. The moon hid her fair face behind a cloud. I heard the sharp bai’k of a fox and the guttural call of a swamp bit- tern, the pond at my feet flung to my ears a dull boom as the ice settled, and a sudden chill came on the air as the forest sighed, moved by a gentle breeze. I took out my watch, the hour stood midnight. I knew the Old Year was dead and as if to mock, the jangling bells from the great city, told me the child was born. The Old King was dead — a year of life to the New King. Edward Wilbur, New York. THE VALUE OF OUTDOOR BOOKS To the Editor of Forest and Stream ; Hunting and fishing has been the favorite hobby of mine ever since I was big enough to use a ram-rod, or twine a worm around a hook, and I have read books and magazines ever since I learned to read; but it’s just within the last two years that I awoke to the fact that I was missing, what would be to me, the most interesting things I could read — books and magazines devoted ex- clusively to entertaining and educating us in the very sport that so many of us love so well. I am one of that large class of hunters who, by force of circumstances, or other reasons, hunt year after year over almost the same ground, and give very little thought or study to game outside of our limited territory; except, to live in hope that some day the opportunity may come, and we can get into the big woods and get some real hunting. In the short time that I have devoted to reading outdoor books and magazines, I have found they are a source of educa- tion that enlarge our possibilities of pleasure, and open new fields of enjoy- ment for us in our old game covers. Last fall, while out with a friend shooting quail, we had a covey scattered on a low, swampy piece of ground, and we were taking our turn shooting first, when it was a single bird. The dog came to a point beside a small pool of water, and we started toward him, and when we were within about fifteen steps of him a slow-flying bird arose. It was my turn to shoot; I fired, and it fell. We walked over to it and I picked it up. I didn’t know what it was. My companion, who was older than I was, and, like myself, had hunted mostly around home, didn’t know what it was either. I carried it around with me awhile, and then took another look at it and threw it away. Near a stream, in some woods where I go fishing sometimes, I have at different times flushed a swift, erratic flying bird, but I never knew what it was. In a book that I got from Forest and Stream’s Book Department some time ago, I find both these birds described ; the first was a rail, the other a woodcock, and neither is mentioned in the Synopsis of Game Laws, printed on the back of my hunting license — they are almost total strangers in this part of the country. Here I had, through ignorance, thrown away a perfectly good rail, and it would have been worth more than the price of the book to me to have known at the time what it was — not the value of it, but the pleasure of knowing it was a game bird. There are other ways in which we are benefited ; we learn to be more observant of animal life, and that the pleasure of the hunt doesn’t always depend on the amount of game we are able to slaughter. I can take my .22 rifle and my rabbit hound and have an evening’s sport let- ting the hound chase one rabbit around. Of course I usually get the rabbit be- fore dark, which makes the evening’s sport a complete success. These are just instances illustrating that by reading “our” magazines we can get better acquainted with the animals and birds that we meet, and that they educate us up to a higher standard of sportsmanship and a greater need for the preservation of our game. If every per- son that owns a gun received and read each month a sporting magazine or two, he would consciously or unconsciously become a better sportsman, and the game supply would be safe for years to come. We shotild like to give credit for the above article, but the last page became separated from the body of the letter and we can only hope that the writer will apprise us of his name and address so that we may thank him in another issue. The letter is very gratifying to us as it bears out a belief of ours. Books of sports are useful and necessary to the sportsman. We all like to look at the world of outdoors through other people's eyes. — [Editors.] WHO OWNED THIS PIGEON ? To the Editor of Forest and Stream : I AM enclosing leg bands taken from a carrier pigeon that was picked up ex- hausted on the Hudson River, midway be- tween Ossining and Rockland at 4 P. M. on September 23, 1918. It was still alive, but very weak and did not survive the night. J. H. Carpenter, Ossining, N. Y. The bands enclosed in Mr. Carpenter's letter were one of aluminum marked 18 (enclosed in a diamond-shaped figure) , L. M — 1470; also a narrow band of brass marked 3189. Some feathers were also enclosed in the letter, showing the bird to have been buff-colored and white. We should be very glad if the owner of this bird will write to Forest and Stream, and we unll return the leg bands to him. No messages were found on the bird. [Editors.] WHAT IS A GAME FISH To the Editor of Forest and Stream : TO settle an argument, will you kindly give us an opinion on the following question : A contends that a game fish is one that puts up a game fight. B contends in the eyes of the Fish and Game Laws, any fish that is protected by law and an open and closed season thereon, is a game fish, that the fighting propensities of the fish have nothing to do with it. This question has been discussed con- siderably in the Elks’ Club here and we are referring it to you for settlement. W. W. Menchel, New Hampshire. Realizing that our Benevolent Brethren merit the best and most authoritative opinions that can be obtained, we sub- mitted this question to several angling experts who are well known to the read- ers of Forest and Stream. Their an- swers, which are varied and interesting, are given below. [Editors.] DEFINITION OF A GAME-FISH To the Editor of Forest and Stream : IN the Game and Fish Protective Laws of the various states a game-fish is considered one that is usually caught with hook and line, and one that takes a natural or an artificial bait. From the angler’s viewpoint a game- fish has quite a different meaning, which I have elsewhere expressed as follows: “In co-ordinating the essential attrib- utes of game-fishes, each inherent trait and quality must be duly and impartially considered. Their habits and habitat; their aptitude to rise to the artificial fly; their manner of resistance and struggle for freedom when hooked; their finesse and intelligence and their excel- lence as food must all be taken into ac- count and duly weighed.” Dr. James A. Henshall, Cincinnati, Ohio. GAME FISH AND OTHERS To the Editor of Forest and Stream : The term game as applied to objects of pursuit has of late years been made to embrace a number of animals and fish far in excess of the original ones. Strictly speaking game fish are fish of the salmon family only, all others come under the head of “Pike and other coarse fish.” The terms used in venerie are very ancient and were used long before the discovery of the American continent with its numerous forms of game, totally un- ,known to those who originally specified just exactly what game consisted of. It is impossible to draw the line be- tween game fish and other kinds of fish without offending the susceptibilities of some. A man who had fished for and caught numbers of black bass would be highly indignant if you told him he had only caught “coarse fish” and not game fish, whereas the same man might pos- sibly regard catfish as anything but game fish. The origin of the term game lies somewhere in the time of the feudal system. Certain animals of the chase were reserved for the pleasure of the February, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 81 princes and nobles. It was a capital crime for a peasant to kill a deer. As time went on the right to kill game ceased to be an exclusive privilege of the nobility, anyone who owned the land, or the hunting rights thereon, could obtain the power to kill game by pay- ing for a license. Fish — i. e., the salmon family, were protected in a similar manner, and con- sequently they were regarded as game fish as distinguished from the non-game fish — i. e., those for whose capture no license was needed. A more liberal method of classifying game fish would be to include all fish whose capture is regarded as a means of sport and not as a source of profit. R. L. M., California. THE MEANING OF GAME To the Editor of Forest and Stream : Any number of words have divers, and sometimes diverse meanings. The dictionary informs us that there are two distinct meanings of the word spelled “game”; in fact there are two different words, adjective and noun, with related meanings. Game (adjective) means a “resolute unyielding spirit”; and it also means (noun) “any kind of sport” or endeavor pursued primarily for pleasure. Such endeavors are naturally pursued in a resolute manner in the desire to win any contest, and the more resolute are the opposed contestants the closer and more satisfactory is the contest, or game. Further, as applied to fish, animals or fowl, any such protected by the game- laws are technically “game” — if not such as are characterized by a fighting spirit, they are such as the law recognizes as liable to be pursued for sport’s sake. In most cases, the prime reason for any living thing’s pursuit for sport is its fighting spirit. A “game fish” is any whose considerable pursuit for sport’s sake is generally recognized; it may or may not be unusually “game” or spirited in resisting capture. George Parker Holden, M.D., N. Y. WHAT CONSTITUTES A GAME FISH T 0 the Editor of Forest and Stream : A SIDE from the technicality of this ancient and rather ambiguous ques- tion there is but little room for argu- ment. If we are to accept literally the argu- ment of B that the protection of law can or does change the nature of a species, then we must of necessity grant, that the taking of a bull pout or brook sucker if protected constitutes as thrill- ing a victory as the landing of Fontinalis or the lordly salmon. If legislation con- vinces B that this is true then he per- force must be content with the humbler species of fish and argue himself into the belief that the majesty of the law has changed the leopard’s spots. Then, hypothetically — if we admit his contention at all — should for any reason the fish and game laws cease to be opera- tive, by the force of his logic there would be no such thing as a “game fish” in the angler’s category and those of us who have really hugged to our very bosoms the belief that there was a dis- tinction and a difference must disavow our allegiance and bow down to all the humbler species as being the equal of all the higher orders. B may technically hide behind the con- tention that this applies only to “fresh water” varieties — I know nothing of his accomplishments or experiences as an angler. If on the other hand no fish can be a “game fish” save those around which the protection of the state is thrown then the battling bluefish is de- throned and the striped bass and chan- nel bass go into the discard, as no law has yet affected them save in the case of the striped bass in inland waters. And what a trial B would have, to be sure, convincing thousands of old timers after an hour’s intense fight with the bronze back channel bass that it wasn’t “game” which made the contest, “ ’T was think- ing made it so.” In controversion of B’s argument from the angler’s standpoint I submit that un- “Ofiicial notice of amendment to “Rule B” of the By-Laws of the American Ca- noe Association — That Rule “B” be amended by striking out the words — cent” in the third line and substituting therefore the words — “2Yz cents,” the Rule then reading as amended : “A member who at any one camp has paid the full value of a site containing a floor may re-rent and occupy the same by paying 2)4 cents per square foot for all floor space covered by tent, fly or awning, with a minimum charge of One Dollar ($1).” Guy L. Baker, Buffalo, N. Y. AN ADOPTED SQUIRREL To the Editor of Forest and Stream : Am sending enclosed a snapshot of a squirrel, two weeks old, and from its fourth day until the present it was raised on the doll’s milk bottle in the picture. Harold Carter, New Jersey. The squirrel took to the bottle at the age of four days told years of legislation would never cause the brook sucker or like variety to attain the eminence of the black bass nor cause that marvel of scale and fin to sink to the level of the other. The angler then must of necessity sus- tain the contention of A, that any fish, no matter what the variety, which puts up a “game” fight is a “game” fish, matching its cunning and strength to the point of exhaustion against the an- gler’s ability; and it is this test and this alone which determines its charac- ter. We cannot learn it from picking its bones; neither will Solons ever legis- late “game” qualities into or out of a fish. Leonard Hulit, New Jersey. A. C. A. BY-LAWS AMENDMENT To the Editor of Forest and Stream: AM sending you the following notice of an amendment to the By-laws of the American Canoe Association, which the rules require to be published two weeks prior to its consideration by the Executive Committee. Will you kindly publish the same in the next issue of Forest and Stream — UNFAMILIAR HUNTING GROUNDS To the Editor of Forest and Stream: 1AM a reader of Forest and Stream and I thought a few lines as a hunter of Canadian grounds would be of inter- est to some of your readers, I spent several years in the Parry sound dis- trict and devoted all my spare time to outdoor life. I was located on the French and Pickerel rivers and I must say that a better hunting ground there never was. For the hunter of big game it is an ideal spot. There are deer by the thousand, both of the red deer and the spike horn, moose, bear, wolves, fox, and many other wild animals. I have shot some beautiful specimens of deer in these regions, with as many as nineteen points to their horns. I made a study of the deer during my stay there and I learned many things in connection with their habits, haunts, feed, etc. Few American hunters visit this district, but the tour- ists are beginning to love our North- land for the fine fishing they get there. W. C. Whittington, Canadian Military Police Corps, Ont. (SEVERAL LETTERS ARE HELD OVER) 82 FOREST AND S T R E A :\I February, 1919 Decoy! I always leave a tube of Mennen’s sticking out of my bag in a Pull- man dressing room. “Use Mennen’s Shav- ing Cream, eh?’’ some man always asks, “Is it any good?’’ “Try it!'* I say. “Builds up a lather in three minutes with the brush only — don’t rub it in with your fingers — cold water is as good as hot.” About the only time I ever saw a man on a Pull- man smile before breakfast was just after he had shaved with Mennen’s for the first time. Trade Msrk i^^RHflRD tMennen Salesman) THE TYRO’S PRIMER CERTAIN TERMS, PHRASES AND IDIOMATIC EXPRESSIONS USED BY MILITARY RIFLEMEN ARE DEFINED AND EXPLAINED By CAPTAIN ROY S. TINNEY, Associate Editor of FOREST AND STREAM (CONTINUED FROM LAST MONTH) A Bolshevik — To get the flag, to be flagged out, to signal a shot via insulting wig-wag. When the marksman misses the entire target the miss is signaled by waving a red danger flag, usually called the “powder flag,” across the face of the target from side to side. Sometimes this signal is executed with the red disk. Creepin’-in — To creep into the bull’s- eye by a succession of conservative sight adjustments. An old timer will first get a “2,” then a “3” followed by a “4” and finally a bull. This is the best way to sight in as the first off shot may be due to an error in holding. Ricochet. — A bullet which rebounds after striking the ground, or any ottier obstacle or surface, and continues its flight. Ricochet shots that strike the target count exactly the same as direct hits. If any amateur range officer tries to tell you otherwise, just assure him his education has been neglected and refuse to accept such a ruling. Sighting Shots. — Abbreviated “S. S.” — The trial shots which precede the scores fired in a competition, qualifica- tion or test course to enable the rifle- man to determine the proper sight ad- justment and point of aim. Bobbing or Disappearing Target. — A target which is temporarily exposed to view for a stipulated number of sec- onds, the time of appearance and dis- appearance being regulated in the pit. Such targets are used for Rapid Fire, Skirmish Runs, Surprise Fire and Com- bat Practice. Key Hole. — A hole in the target made by the bullet passing through it side- wise. Such a performance is conclusive evidence that something is radically wrong with either your gun or ammuni- tion; it is usually caused by a defective cartridge. Tipper. — A bullet that shows a ten- dency to “key hole” but does not strike flat, nor does it make a perfect print. Bullets that strike that way are never accurate, so locate the difficulty as soon as possible. Score. — A group of five, ten or twenty consecutive shots, exclusive of sighting shots, fired in individual practice, com- petition or a qualification course. The term score is also used to express the total number of points made in any se- ries of shots, as the result of a skir- mish run. The term string is frequently used as a synonym for score. Score Cards. — Blank forms, usually on cardboard, issued to the riflemen for the purpose of keeping a record of their hits. Bugs keep their scores in a book specially gotten up for that purpose and embellish each score with miniature tar- get and no end of technical information, called “dope,” relative to the arm, etc. Blow Up. — To lose your tailboard, to become nervous toward the end of a good string and ruin the score in the last few shots, a species of “buck fever” — i. e., a touch of nerves that frequently attacks the best of us during a compe- tition or when after game, the rifleman’s equivalent for “stage fright.” Butt. — The hill or embankment used to stop the bullets after they have passed through the targets. The plural Butts is used to designate collectively the shooter, and ?. shot directly over the bull’s-eye is termed a “4” (“3” or “2” as the case may be) at 12 o’clock. A parapet erected to protect the markers, the pit where the markers work, the tar- gets, the frames upon which they work, known as the Carriers, and the Butt, or backstop, used to catch the bullets. Gallery. — A room or enclosure where the firing is done over short ranges upon reduced targets, usually with small-bore rifles such as the .22. Clock. — A term employed to indicate, by means of the divisions on the dial of a clock, the location of a hit on the target or the direction from which the wind is blowing. For example: In call- ing out the position of a hit, the dial or face of the clock is vizualized to oc- cupy the front of the target facing the shooter, and a shot directly over the bull’s-eye is termed a “4” (“3” or “2” as the case may be) at 12 o’clock. A low shot is at 6 o’clock, a shot to the right at 3, or to the left at 9 o’clock, and so on around the dial, thus giving the rifleman a convenient and simple means of designating the exact direction of the error made. When speaking of the direction of the wind, the dial of the imaginary clock is supposed to be lying flat on the ground with the target placed at 12 o’clock and marksman firing at it from 6 o’clock. A 12 o’clock wind is one that blows from the target toward the rifleman, a wind from the right is a 3 o’clock wind, etc. One of the first things the Tyro must do is make himself absolutely familiar with this system of “calling” the hits and the wind as it is universally used on all ranges and everyone is presumed to know it. (to be continued next month) February, 1919 FOREST AND S T R E A M 83 lOtAL PREMIER^ ARROW SELBY LOADS SUPERIOR GRADE BLACK SHELLS AJAX FIELD ^Winchester LEADER 'T X THEN you go to the traps or into the game Y/y/ covers for a day’s sport you use the shell which experience has taught you is best adapted to your needs. To get the best results you stick to your favorite shell just as you do to your favorite gun. You should be just as carefid about the powder that this shell contains. Thatthepowder plays an important part in yourshooting is obvious. In this connection you can’t do better than select and stick to HERCULES Smokeless Shotgun POWDERS INFALLIBLE "E.CT The next time that you buy shells, look on the top wad for the name Infallible or E. C. as well as on the base for the name of the shell. You should have no difficulty in getting: shells loaded with either one of these powders for they are found in any one of the four- teen standard shells listed here. Hercules Smokeless Shotgun Powders can be relied upon to give you the same service at all times. Their qualities are not affected by time or weather conditions and they will always give high velocity, light recoil and even patterns. HERCULES POWDER CO. 53 W. 10th Street Wilmington Delaware HIGH GUN TARGET NITRO CLUB SELBY LOADS CHALLENGE GRADE Winchester REPEATER 84 F O R E S 1' A N D STREAM February, I9lft ITHACA WON 1« W. J. Weaver won IK 1 the 1918 amateur championship of Rhode Island. This was the third consecu- tive year he has won his State championship. He couldn't make this won- derful record ‘with any gun but an ITHACA. Catalog free. Double hammerless guns, $32.50 up. Single trap guns $100 up. Address Box 25 ITHACA GUN CO. k ITHACA, N. Y. Large Game Preserve For Sale Robinson Crusoe’s Island Outdone! St. Vincent Island, Fla., in the Gulf of Mexico, containing over 13,000 acres of pine forest, fresh water lakes, grassy savannahs, wild boar, native Virginia and Osceola deer, also imported Indian deer, wild cattle, turkey, millions of ducks and all varieties of fish. The Island with bungalows, hunting lodges, yachts, boats and vehicles for sale to close an estate. Easily protected. Many thousands acres of finest pine trees. Booklet sent on request. For informa- tion inquire R. W. Pierce, 663 Main Street, Buffalo, New York. J. KANNOFSKY Practical Glass Blower o£ Yesterday IN the good old days be- fore the War, when men shot game instead of ene- mies, American sportsmen swore by the B.S-A. rifle. The unique B.SJV. “Lever cocked” air rifle and the B.S.A. .22 calibre target and sporting rifles, famed for their intense accuracy, were particularly favored by American rifle connoi- seurs. During the War one great Amer- ican munition maker usea B.S.A. .22 rifles exclusively in testing daily output. The War enhanced the already splendid reputation of theB.S. A. for reliability, accuracy and pow- er (when power was wanted). Millions of B.S.A. rifles were made for Allied land, sea and air forces. It was the amazing B.S.A. ex- perimental work and machining alrill which made the Lewis and manufacturer of artificial eyes for birds, ani- mals and manufacturing purposes a specialty. Send for prices. All kinds of heads and skulls for furriers and taxidermists. 363 CANAL STREET NEW YORK Please mention “Forest and Stream” THOMAS The Thomas hand made split bamboo fishing rod has been perfected to meet both the all around and the various special requirements of the modern angling sport. Made of the finest bamboo, light, resilient, perfectly jointed and balanced. In the Thomas rod the acme of perfection has been obtained. Send for our interesting booklet. THOMAS BOD COMPANY, 117 Exchange St., Bangor, Me. all lubrication and polishing around the house, in the tool shed or afield with gun or rod. NYOIL lo the New Perfectioo Pocket Package it a matchlesa combination. HporUmen l>Ave kuown it h>r yMin* Dealers sell NYOIL at 15c. aiul35c. Send us the name of a live one who doesn’t sell NYOIL with other necessaries for sportsmen and we will send you a daiidy^ handy new can (screw top and screw tip) con- talnliiK 8>ii ooDcei postpaid for 35 cents. WBl f. NTE, New Mini. Mast.^ For 35c Poatpaid I THE KILLING OF THE I OUANANICHE j (CONTINUED FROM PAGE 71) I cried Rhoda, throwing her arms around I her friend in the impetuosity of her con- gratulations. “How you have kept us on the anxious seat, and how we enjoy your triumph! What an avocation to make one forget herself!” “And I too most heartily congratulate you, my clever pupil. You do me proud- You have so adroitly outwitted the prince of finny diplomats. And I know you are committed to the spiritual interpretation of the sport. For who but a lover of the angle can conceive of the choking thrill which accompanies the rush of a ouana- niche — who else, that erethism, short- lived, unearthly, that electrifies every nerve in your frame as you twist the steel into his jaw and feel him fast — that con- centration of delight in the struggle that follows, wherein the noblest fish that God has made matches his brute intellect, per- haps his manifold experience, against your reason and art, wherein your wand- like split bamboo gracefully responds to his desperate leaps for life, and arches in perfection to his wild circles. Who but an angler knows of the sweet calm that follows victory, as you tenderly place 1 your dying captive on the skiff bottom, and wearied by the excitement sit down to watch his brilliance fade, with the i feeling that if your life were forthwith to 1 end, you have not altogether lived in I vain.” THE LEOPARD OF THE LAKE (continued from page 70) The pickerel has always been an ob- ject of eager pursuit to the angler and many methods are followed in taking them. “Skittering” with a bamboo pole and just enough line to handle nicely is one plan, either walking along the bank or casting from a boat, keeping it just far enough from the bank or lily-pads to make action easy and using a piece of pork rind or other lure to attract the fish. This is at all times laborious w'ork and does not partake of the finesse of still fishing, which is much more in vogue at the present time. The requirements are a good bait casting rod such as is used in black bass fishing, a small but free running multiplying reel and a ra- ther fine line, a 4-0 Carlisle hook of the best quality. The hook should have the gut snell wrapped with the finest of wire to prevent the ravages of the teeth, as they are needle like and most formidable, and just enough lead should be used to carry do\vn the bait, which should be a good sized live minnow. A small barrel- shape cork float is in order, as it offers less resistance to the water when the strike is made than is the case with the ordinary egg-shape float. In this manner of fishing the pickerel rarely takes the bait with a rush; more gen- erally toying with it as if in play and it is necessary to allow the fish full play with its whim, as to strike at once would be to permit the complete escape of the fish. Even when the float has entirely February, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 85 For more than a year you’ve bought | your guns collectively, as members of I the nation. i And you asked us for Lewis Machine Guns — nothing but Lewis Machine Guns— all we could make. And you got them and used them —in uniform — under the stars and stripes. And you’ve won the war. So now we can go back to making your hunting rifles and pistols again for you as individuals — for your private, per- sonal needs in civil life We’re working hard to get you the guns that you’ve unselfishly and patriotically waited for so long. And the .32 Savage automatic pistol and the .22 Savage Hi-power and .250-3000 Savage rifles will be ready by April. Savage Arms Corporation Sharon, Pa. Utica, N. Y. Philadelphia, Pa. General Offices: 50 Church Street, New York 86 FOREST AND STREAM February, 1919 FIX THAT PUNCTURE IN ONE MINUTE r That puncture can be in a rubber or leather boot or sho«, a can\'as boat, a hot water bag, or any ar- ticle of rubber — and in less than a minute you can have it ' fixed up snug and tight, absolutely water-proof with M^BLE'S REPiiURO^ No cement used. Cannot come off. Cannot hurt the 1 foot. The two plates are concave. Lower plate has al . threaded pivot, which protects thru hole in upper plate! and the two are held tightly together by a flush nut. * Metal key, furnished with each Repairer, is used to tighten up the plates. 3 sizes: K inch diamet- ' er, 10c; 1 inch, I5c; 1 x IK inch, 20c. Catalog of Marble* j Specialties lor Sportsmen free upon request, MARBLE ARMS & MFC. CO. 526 D«Ita Ave. Gladstone. Mich, ROBERT H. ROCKWELL 753 East 32nd St., Brooklyn, N. Y. WEWANT ALL KINDS OF FURS FOX. BEAR.BEAVER, LYNX, MUSKRAT. ^^‘W^MARTEN.MINK.ET? WEIL PAYS THE MOST Remits Quickest. Paysi ^ Bolda Bhlpmenta 6 daya If desired, I I \/a9ri. Furs are high. Big money trapping! I this year. Ourlarge Illustrated Trapper’s Guide! I Sent Free. Frequent price-lists keep you posted. I I Traps and Balt. In business 50 years. Biggest! house. ® Ask any Bank. Cash quoted for hides. I "TheOldSquareDealHouse. I I VTeill>rOS.aU>., capital Sl.000.000. Paid. <*1 [Box209; Fort Wayne, Ind., U. S. A,| Trp This Yeif. Greit Chuce. EreryMy Write. , ONLY 35c k Ag«nts Wantad WITH THI*T ^ SAFETY HAIR CUTTER , If you can COME your hair you can cut your own hair with this marvelous invention. Guts the hair any desired length, short or long. ^Does the job as nicely as any barber in quarter * time, before your own mirror. You can cot the Iren’s hair at home in a jiffy. Can be used as an ordinary razor to shave the face or finish around temple or neck. Sharpened like any razor. Lasts a lifetime. Saves its cost first time used. PRICE ONLY 35c, postpaid. Extra Bladss Sc each. JOHNSON SMITH & CO„ Dspt 720 *. 54 W. Lake St„ CHICAGO Make your Watches, Clocks, etc., visible by night. Emits rays of LIGHT in dark. The darker the better. Easily ap- plied. Anyone ran do it. Three sizes— 25^ 60c and $1, postpaid, t WHNSON SMITH & CO„ DepL720 • West Lake Street. Chicago COOPERS CAMPS THE HOME OF THE WORLD’S LARGEST SQUARE TAILED TROUT. 0. K. HUNTING IDEAL VACATIONLAND. . BOOKLET ON REQUEST CAPT. G. W. COOPER, EAGLE LAKE, MAINE Raise Hares For Us Immense profits easily and quickly made. We furnish stock and pay $2.00 each and iPxpressage when three months old. Con- tracts, booklet, etc., 10c. Nothing free. Thorson Rabbit Co., Dept. 9, Aurora, Colorado. TO" 892 Fourth St, Old Town, Me. Set Set Solid Gold solid Gold Send Your Name and We’ll Send You a Lachnite T*VON'T send a penny. Just send your name and say-. “Send me ^ a Lachnite mounted in a solid gold ring on 10 trial.'* We will send itprepaid right to your home. When It comes merely deposit $4.75 with the postman and then wear me ring for 10 full days. If you, or If any of your friends can tell It from a diamond, send it back, cut If you decide to buy it —send ua $2.6C a month until $18.76 baa been paid. A VaHov Send yonr name now. TetT as which of the vvilftt; solid gold rings illustrated above yon wish (ladies' or men’s). Be sure to send finger size. ^ Harold Lachman Co., 12N. Michigan Av.,DepL7062Chkaeo. B home for years * I 5 for children In their own ) homes for .... years I enclose herewith $ in payment for the above and pledge myself to give the remainder in payments. CROSS OT’T THE PAUA- GRAPES YOU DON'T ACCEI»T I promise to give the same amount next year. I wish to know the name and address of the child or children. Signed Address * Checks should be drawn to "THE FATHT-'RDESS CIIILDREaV OF FRANCE COM^VUTTEE" and mailed to the Chicago Trea.surer, DA\'1D R. FOKGAN, Room 741 Fine Arts Building, Chicago. Finest Ski Made Owm a Pair and Enjoy the Glories of the Snow and ('ut Down Doctors' Bills. Women and Girls as well as Men and Boys are enthusiastic Skiers. In Norway and Sweden Ski- ing is the sport of Kings and Queens. Princes and Princesses and in this country it is the "King" of Winter Sports. Write for Interesting Catalog. NORTHLAND SKI MFG. CO., Ellis & Hampden Ave., St. Paul. Minn. Know Your Birds NEARLY 300 BIRD PICTURES IN NATURAL COLORS NEEDED BY EVERY SPORTSMAN AMERICAN BIRD GUIDE Water Birds — Game Birds — Birds of Prey — In Colors By CHESTER A. REED Is a book written especially for sportsmen as a concise guide to the identification of water birds, game birds and birds of prey to be found in this country. About three hundred species of birds are faithfully depicted by the colored pictures, and the text gives considerable idea of their habits and tells where they are to be found at diflferent seasons of the year. These illustrations are reproduced from water-color paintings by the author, whose books on birds and flowers have had the largest sale of any ever published in this country. They are made by the best known process by one of the very first engraving houses in the coun- try and the whole typography is such as is rarely seen in any book. The cover is a very attractive and unique one, a reproduction of leather with set-in pictures. PRICE $1.00 Delivered Anywhere in the United States, Canada or Mexico — $1.50 Elsewhere. SEND YOUR ORDER IN NOW FOREST AND STREAM BOOK DEPARTMENT 9 EAST 40th STREET NEW YORK CITY Money back if supply is exhausted. Let Us Tan Your Hide And let us do your head mounting, rug, robe, coat, and glove making. You never lose anything and generally gain by dealing direct with headquarters. We tan deer skins with hair on for rugs, or trophies, or dress them into buckskin glove leather. Bear, dog, calf, cow, horse or any other kind of hide or skin tanned vvith the hair or fur on. and finished soft, light, odorless, and made up into rugs, gloves, caps, men’s and women’s garments when so ordered. Get our illustrated catalog which gives prices of tanning, taxidermy and head mounting. Also prices of fur goods and big mounted game heads we sell. THE CROSBY FRISIAN FUR COMPANY Rochester, N. Y. COMFORT CAMP PILLOWS are so cool and yielding that the most restful, beneficial sleep is assured. Ttiese pillows have removable wash covers and are SANITARY — • VERMIN and WATERPROOF. Will last for years, and when deflated can be carried in your pocket. The only practical pillow for all uses. Three Sizes: 11 x 16— $2.25. 16 x 21— $2.75, 17 X 26 — $3.50. Postpaid anywhere in U. S. A- Satisfaction is guaranteed or money refunded. Catalog Free. ^‘METROPOLITAN AIR GOODS’' ESTABLISHED 1891 Made Only By Athol Manufacturing Co., Athol, Mass. 88 FOREST AND S T R E A M February, 1919 No. 2, Marksmen Scries, Painted for Remington VMC, by F. X. Leyendecker. Rifle Skooting and Education THE RETURN FROM THE HUNT (continued from page 57) ing, white crested waste of water — that we decided to make camp and wait until it blew itself out. About nine o’clock we heard the sound of a motor coming down the lake, the steady throbbing of a powerful engine. It proved to be a fellow named Bunce who lived at Roose- velt on the Government Railroad and ran a freight boat on the lake. We welcome ' him with open arms and engaged him to tow us the rest of the way to the railroad in the morning. The next day broke in fitful manner with the gale still blowing and the seas running madly — white capped and furious. Ben went out with Bunce to reconnoiter and came back in an hour and said we could make it all right, so Bunce towed us out into the very teeth of the storm. When we got within a mile or two of our destination, it began to rain, driving into our faces with a sting and, a roar. Bunce stood at the wheel and took it like a man as the boat rocked and tossed be- neath him. Our boat was jerked along behind through the blinding maelstrom and finally landed us safely around the point of land by the Cabin. We soon had a fire going in the stove about which we gathered in grateful anticipation of a cozy afternoon indoors. The rain thun- dered in solemn monotone on the roof and we looked out of the low windows across the mist shrouded lake with feel- ings of entire satisfaction. “Let her rain,” said Ben, as he lay back in a bunk with an old magazine and settled down for a quiet smoke. (to be continued next month) An eJucation witkout a course in sliootin^ is not complete — it is like citizenskip witLout a vote. More tkan ever before, our bigb schools, preparatory schools and colleges are recognizing this. And here again Remington UMC free service can he and^is consvJted and used to advantage. for Shooting I^ghi What IS heing done to promote this most typically American, manly and necessary sport in the high school or college in your community ? Our Service Department will provide the right information on how to start or revive a high school or college rifle cluh, how to get it recognized by the National Rifle Association and keep it going. It will introduce the new cluh to the proper channels through whi cL Government assistance, including equipment and instruction, may he obtained. And it will supply all necessary standard targets, free of charge. With the right start, we believe appreciation of right equipment and adop- tion of Remington UMC will follow naturally, as has been the case so many thousands of times. School principal, head masters, faculty heads, rifle coaches and secretaries of secondary school and college rifle cluhs — ^Vrite at once for a free copy of the Remington /^fpAt-frora-the- Start Handbook for rifle club officials and blank registration card for free target service. The Remington Arms Union Metallic Cartridge Co., Inc. Largest Nlanufacturers of Firearms and Ammunition in the \Forld WOODWORTH BUILDING. NEW YORK THE PRONGHORN (continued from page 75) that he had also seen the animals eat- ing leaves of the iron wood (Olneya tesota) . During feeding hours the adult prong- horns lie down to rest a dozen times a day, always starkly in the open, ten or twenty yards from cover, doubtless from fear of the pumas (Felis im- procera) which sometimes prowl down from the hills. At noon of the hot- test days we found the antelope’s fresh beds in the most unshaded situations. Captain Funcke said that through the night, too, they slumber only in exposed places, and by daybreak they begin to browse. Usually we w’ere able to dis- tinguish fresh tracks from those several hours old by the moistness of the drop- pings, which would be found at rather frequent intervals in depressions that the antelopes had scratched in the soil. Although pronghorns are known to be able to drink bitter alkaline w'ater, and are said to repair periodically to reg^ ular watering places, there can be little doubt that those of northern Lower Cali- fornia do not drink at all during the greater part of the year. Like the desert kangaroo rats, and many other animals, they have “xerophilous” specializations, and obtain all their necessary moisture from vegetation. R. C. M. February, 1919 FOREST AND STREAIM 89 HUNTING MERRIAM WILD TURKEY (CONTINUED FROM PAGE 61) flock and followed them for another hour over much rough country until they be- came so fresh that I expected any mo- ment to come in sight of the bunch. The sun was getting low and I left my cover and proceeded up the base of the canon in the direction of the ridge with the ultimate view of returning to camp. After flve minutes of walking my attention was directed to a swish of wind overhead and I looked up to see two turkeys sailing across the canon. Just before they got to the pinons I sent both barrels after them, which brought one bird down and I saw it sneak away up through the pinons. I followed as best I could over the rough rocky slope of the canon, and after some time gained the ridge at a point where I expected it had crossed. Suddenly a sharp call of alarm from the oak brush near me, put me to attention, and vainly did I try to locate that bird. Then I advanced a few paces and the sound of my footsteps brought him out in the open, about 30 yards from me. I could just make it out in the fading light, then killed it with a charge of No. 2 shot. We swapped three varieties of lingo for some time that night and I enjoyed the story of Turkeyfoot’s meeting with the turkeys, as translated by Jess. He had killed two flne specimens, a young gobbler and an old hen. The collection now numbered eight, and as they hung there under the big pine, viewed through the smoke and light of the Are — beneath, a carpet of snow and a background of forest black of a winter’s night; above, white streaks of clouds set in a starry sky — and blending so well with it all, my two weatherbeaten companions, content- edly absorbing the warmth of the Are, the Indian’s long hair in strings down either side of his bronze hued face, it was a scene that I sometimes enjoy bringing to view, especially when the environment of the city gets too oppressive. WE awoke next morning to find that a little skift of snow had fallen, and after a later breakfast than usual prepared for my last hunt and effort to get an old gobbler w’hich, up until this time, we had not secured. The new snow covering the old tracks made the outlook promising and I made in a direct line from camp with the intention of cutting across the turkey country and following the first tracks I might strike. I left camp to the w-est and the lower country while TurkejToot ro(^ away on his buckskin pony to the north where he had hunted the day before. I had gone some distance, crossing the tracks of sev- eral animals, bob cats, coyotes, weasels and porcupines — even the tuft-eared gray squiri'els had been making their little marks in the snow, for the morning was perfect and much of the smaller variety of wild life was in evidence. Then, un- expectedly, appeared the tracks that I had come to know so well and which al- ways put me on the alert. Well defined in the fresh snow were those of a single NEWFOUNDLAND A Country of Fish and Game A Paradise for the Camper and Angler Ideal Canoe Trips The country traversed by the Reid Newfoundland Company’s system is exceedingly rich in all kinds of Fish and Came. All along the route of the Railway are streams famous for their Salmon and Trout hshing, also Caribou barrens. Americans who have been fishing and hunting in New- foundland say there is no other country in the world in which so good fishing and hunting can be secured and with such ease as in Newfoundland. Information, together with illustrated Booklet and Folder, cheerfully forwarded upon application to F. E. PITTMAN, General Passenger Agent REID NEWFOUNDLAND COMPANY ST. JOHN’S, NEWFOUNDLAND NATIONAL SPORTSMAN is a 'monthly magazine, crammed full of Huniing, Fishing, Camping and Trapping stories and pictures, valuable information about guns, rifles, revolvers, fishing tackle, camp outfits, best places to go for fish and game, changes in fish and game laws, and a thousand and one helpful hints for sportsmen. N.^tional Sportsman- tells you what to do when lost in the woods, how to cook your grub, how to build camps and blinds, how to train your hunting dog, how to preserve your trophies, how to start a gun club, how to build a rifle range. No book or set of books you can buy will give you the amount of up-to-date information about life in the open that you can get from a year’s subscription to the. National Sports- man. Special information furnished to subscrib- ers at all times. Free of Charge. SPECIAL OFFER The 8 beautiful outdoor sport pictures, shown above, are reproduced on heavy art paper, size 9 X 12. in strikingly attractive colors, from original oil paintings by well-known artists. They make appropriate and pleasing decora- tions for the den, camp, or club-room of any- man who likes to hunt or fish. Price of pic- tures alone 25c. We will send you this set of pictures. FREE OF CHARGE, on receipt of $1.00 for a year’s subscription to the Na- tional Sportsman JIagazine. ORDER BLANK National Sportsman Magazine, 220 Colum- bus Ave., Boston, Mass.: Enclosed find $1.00 for a year’s sub- scription to the National Sportsman, and the set of 8 outdoor pictures. Name Address GUNS Fishing Tackle Send for Catalog 77 Showing Fall and Winter Sporting Goods SCHOVERLING, DALY & GALES 302 and 304 BROADWAY NEW YORK 90 FORES T AND S T R E A M February, 1919 Hotel Chamberlin ^NATCH a couple of days away from the grind, grab your golf clubs, of course, and come on down, or up, as the case may be, to Old Point Comfort, and try your game on the Eighteen Hole Coif Course, which is i)art of Hotel Chamberlin. You can get here easily — most likely it’s only “over night” from where you are, either by boat or rail. The Golf Course is one of the finest ever; designed and laid out by authorities on the ‘■Royal and Ancient” Game — convenient to the hotel, and, being owned by The Chamberlin, it is managed in a way which will suit yon. You can, also. Tennis, Horseback or Motor. The air and sun is just right to make yon enjoy the famous real Southern Cooking, and, as yon know, this is all in addition to the location of Hotel Chamberlin, at Old Point Com- fort, with its advantages of Army, Navy and Social Life. This, also, is the place to take “ The Cure,” with every sort of Bath Treatment at your command. You will be interested incur special booklet on “ GOLF,” as it contains the first Aeroplane Map of a Golf Course ever published in America. Address Geo. F. Adams, Manager, Fortress Monroe^ Virginia Don’t Wear a Truss TO R O O K S ’ APPI.I ANCE, the modern pcientific invention, the wonderful new discovery that relieves rupture will he sent on trial. No ob- noxious springs or pads, lias Automatic Air Cush- ions. Binds and draws the broken parts together as you would a broken limb. No salves. No lies. Durable, cheap. Sent on trial to prove it. Protected by U. S. Patents. Catalogue and measure blanks mailed free. Send name and address today. C. E. BROOKS, 185 State Street, Marshall, Mich. Delivered v?u'FREE Your choice of 44 styles* colors •and sizes io the famous line of ^'RANGER*' bicycles, shown in f{^l color io the big new Free Cats* log. We pay all the freight charges from Chicago to youx town. 30 Days Free Trial ^Yicycle you select, actual riding test n your own town for a full month. Do not buy until you get onr great new trial offer and low Factory* Direct*To*Rider terms and prices. TIBFC lamps, horns, pedals. I lllbw single wheels and repair , parts for all makes of bicycles at half usual prices. No one else can offer such values and such terms. SEND NO MONEY but write today for the big new Catalog. It*a free. CAIICYCLE COMPANY C All Dept* K234 Qhicaso mtMP Agmntm WsnfA Uncle Sam Fish Contest Owing to the delay in receiving the decision of all the judges in the I'ish for Uncle Sam Prize Contest conducted by FOREST AND STREAM during 1918, final announcement of awards must be delayed until our next issue. FOREST AND STREAM 9 EAST 40th STREET, NEW YORK CITY 1919 OLD FISHERMAN’S CALENDAR Send for one of these interesting calendars and try it out thoroughly. Contains the Fishing Signs for 1919 arranged in graphic form for easy un- derstanding by all. It is the only Calendar granted a copyright by the Library of Congress for the annual re-arrangement of its figures. Send 25i for one to-day . to 0. F. CALENDAR. Box 1466 H. Sta. Springfield, Hass. bird. Soon another turkey joined it and a little farther on still another, until they had increased by three and four at a time until I was following the tracks of about fifteen turkeys, and now I had commenced to find where they had scratched away the snow. I continued very cautiously to follow the winding trail in the snow made by the big birds and kept well under the protec- tion of the pinons. I had just followed over a little rise and down into a ravine skirting the edge of the pinons when about sixty yards ahead in the timber, an old hen evidently on guard stretched up her neck and evinced every sign of being aware that something materially unnatural was coming her way. I didn’t want that hen, at least at that moment, and “froze” to avoid her notice. To the left of her, about 10 yards, the flock was feeding, though I could not see them on account of being lower down in the ra- vine. The old hen was now getting un- easy, and I was fearful that she would spoil my chances then and there for get- ting her lord and master. “Put-put” went her warning note of danger, which took immediate effect on the flock. A commotion was taking place among the startled birds. I scurried through the timber toward them unseen, paying no notice to the old hen which was now dodging at full speed through the pinons. Gobblers seemed very scarce and I had no time to make certain the identity of the sexes, as they swiftly disappeared through the pinons (in fact, the whole scene was enacted in such haste that the story without the details would amount to a matter of seconds, from the moment when the old hen gave out her warning notes). My first shot killed a hen, the second brought down two of them as they came together; then slipping in another shell (which I had in hand for just such an occasion) I broke the legs of “the old gobbler” just as he was disappearing around a patch of oak brush, having passed me with the rest of the flock. , This terminated the actual hunting of the turkey hunt. I returned to camp with four more beautiful speci- mens, not the easiest pack to carry to be sure, but the load was wild turkeys and not duffle, so I didn’t think much about it being a task. Turkeyfoot had returned without having seen any fresh signs and as the day was still in its infancy, Tve hur- riedly packed up our fine material for the proposed group — which consisted not alone of turkeys but in addition several large bundles of decorative plant life, shrubs, trees and other accessories which all helped to eventually make a lasting reproduction of a group of wild turkeys in their natural haunts. Our return to the railroad was accom- panied by snow storms and blizzards and the little party had taken on a decidedly weather-worn appearance when we reached it. “Turkeyfoot” had ridden his pony through it all. His black hair about his face streaked with clinkers of ice, w’as a contrasting picture to his otherwise ghostly appearance with blanket covered with snow. We left him thawing out by the big stove at the agency at Dulce, where the turkeys and other material were shipped. February, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 91 ANTiaUES AND CUEIOS CALIFOENIA GOLD, QUAETER SIZE, 27c; Yz size, 53c; Dollar size, $1.10. Large cent, 100 years old and catalogue, 10c. Norman Shultz, King City, Mo. INDIAN BASKETS — WHOLESALE AND RE- tail. Catalogue. Gilham, Highland Springs, Cali- fornia. AUTO ACCESSORIES FORDS START EASY IN COLD WEATHER with our new 1919 carburetors. 34 miles per gal- lon. Use cheapest gasoline or half kerosene. Increased power. Styles for any motor. \'ery slow on high. Attach it yourself. Big profits to agents. Money Back Guarantee. 30 days’ trial. .Mr Friction Carburetor Co.. 550 Madison, Day- ton, Ohio. BOAT BUILDING BUILD YOUR OWN FISHING BOAT FROM paper model and patterns which I make to order. Model shows exact shape; full-size patterns of necessary parts makes building easy. Best out- board model. Address Draftsman, 441 Day Street, Galesburg, III. BUTTERFLIES WANTED— NAME AND ADDRESS IN ANY country outside of United States of person to collect butterflies for me. Will trade one pair of $9 Ground Gripper shoes for 100 specimens. N'o duplicates in lot. Write at once. E. W. Burt, 32 West St., Boston, Mass. FISH FOE STOCKING FISH FOR STOCKING — BROOK TROUT FOR stocking purposes. Eyed eggs in season. N. F. Hoxie, Plymouth, Mass. SMALL-MOUTH BLACK BASS, WE HAVE the only establishment dealing in young small- mouth black bass commercially in the United States. Vigorous young bass in_ various sizes, ranging from advanced fry to 3 and 4 inch finger- lings for stocking purposes. Waramaug Small- .Mouth Black Bass Hatchery. Correspondence in- vited. Send for circulars. Address Henry W. Beeman, New Preston, Conn. FOR SALE FOR SALE— HARPERS’ MONTHLY MAG- azine, .lune, 1862, to Nov., 1881, incl. ; thirty-nine volumes, bound half green Morocco; perfect con- dition. This includes all the scarce Civil War issues. Also a set of Chamber’s Encyclopaedia, ten vols., with the four vols. of the American additions, fourteen vols., total, bound half Mo- rocco, perfect condition. If interested in a bar- gain, write John M. Geddes, 331 High St., Will- iamsport. Pa. FOR SALE— MOUNTED DEER HEADS AND birds from north woods. Photos free. G. E. Link, taxidermist, 'Phillips, Wis. FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE 3>i-HP. “FERRO” MOTOR BOAT ENGINE; excellent condition; brand new cylinder. Will trade for good 20-ga. pump gun. Fred J. Ernst, Washington, Mo. SALE OR EXCHANGE — 8-FOOT ALLIGATOR I shot last March at West Palm Beach, Fla. ; in perfect condition, mounted, raised on front legs with mouth open; has eighty teeth; trade re- peating rifle, shot gun and revolver; alligator in New Jersey. Address .\ligator. Box 10, Forest AND Stream, 9 East 40th St., New York City. WANTED — TO TRADE $110 VICTROLA AND records. What have you? $60 cash takes it: guns must be in .\-l condition. Jno. F. W’hitehurst, 2116 Kunfer Lane. Cincinnati. Ohio. GUNS AND AMMUNITION BUY, SELL AND EXCHANGE ALL SORTS OF old-time and modern firearms. Stephen Van Rensselaer, 805 Madison .Ave., New York City. t\ iiuiliuial Lllaigc classified messages to our army of readers on farms, in the towns and cities, and at the end of blazed trails. GTTNS AND AMMUNITION E. E. GRADE. LEFEVER 12; SINGLE-’TRIG- ger; auto ejector; Krupp barrels; right cylinder; left full 28x14x3"; 7 lbs.; Silvers pad; cost $115. will take $75; a gentleman’s arm. Trotter, 25 Lemon St., Buffalo, N. Y. FOR SALE— WINCHESTER .22 MODEL, 1906, finish worn, otherwise perfect, $12.75; .38 Winchester, 1873, good condition, $12.00; .56-50 Spencer carbine, good condition, with 45 cart- ridges, $9.50; particulars for stamp. Harold Sin- clair, Charlottesville, \ a. GUN BARGAINS— A FEW HIGH-GRADE LE- fever 12 and 10 gauge sample guns, $32.50 up. H. L. Green, Lake Street, Ithaca. N. Y. REBLUE OR BROWN YOUR GUNS, RIFLES, etc., at home at small cost, guaranteed recipe, same as factories use 50(*. Stamps or money order. E. J. Simon, D. 1 Dane, Wis. WANTED— COLT MILITARY, .38 AUTO- matic; also Bisley or single-action army, 32.20; state price, condition, description. Ted Bow- man, Knoxville. Iowa. WANTED— REMINGTON AUTOMATIC SHOT- gun, modified choke barrel ; please state price and condition. L. B. .\nderson. Winter Haven, Florida. WILL ’TRADE .22 COLT AUTOMATIC OR 20- gauge Winchester pump, both new condition, for .95 Winchester, .35 calibre or make offer.. Spahr, Y. M. C. A.. New Castle, Pa. LIVE STOCK FOR BREEDING FANCY POULTRY FOR SALE; 30 VARI- eties; catalogue free. Herman Blumer, Ber- ger, Mo. FOR SALE — PAIR GENUINE SILVER BLACK foxes; imported from Northern Canada; sure breeders; $500. L. T. Hayden. Box 192, Web- ster. Pa. FOR SALE — SILVER BLACK, PATCH. AND Red Foxes. T. R. Lyons, Waterville, N. S. HARES, RABBITS, RUFUS RED AND GREY Belgians, Flemish and checkered giants. New Zea- lands, breeding Dutch, Belgian yards. Kinder- hook, N. Y. RAISE BELGIAN HARES FOR ME. I furnish magnificent, young thoroughbred Rufus Red stock at $2 each, and buy all you raise at 30 to 60 cents per pound, live weight; send ten cents for complete Breeder’s Instruction Booklet. Frank E. Cross, 6433 Ridge, St. Louis, Mo. ' THE METROPOLITAN PET STOCK YARDS, Roslindale, Mass., the country’s largest winners, offer Belgian hares. New Zealand Reds, Flemish Giants and Giant Crosses; several bred does $5 to $10 each. Guinea pigs, heavy in young, $2 each; unrelated boars, $1.50 each. Deiclce’s cavy book best published; price, $1. Send for circular. WILD DUCKS, DECOYS, BREEDERS, CALL- ers. Gray Mallard, $3.50 pair; $2 each extra hen. English callers, $7 pair; pairs only: extra drakes. E. Breman Co., Danville. 111. MISCELLANEOUS A’rTENTTON ! PROSPECTIVE FUR FAR- mers. If you have not the capital to start a ranch write us; information free. Fur Breeders Asso- ciation. Box 698, Omaha, Neb. EARN $25 WEEKLY, SPARE TIME, WRIT- ing for newspapers, magazines. Exp. unnec.; de- tails Free. Press S;mdicate. 529, St. Louis. Mo. FISH LURE— RECEIPT TO MAKE YOUR own dope, 25(j. “Shure get ’em.” P. O. Box 185, San Francisco, Cal. MAKE DIE-CASTINGS. SKETCH, SAMPLE, Booklet and Proposition 12^. R. Byrd, Box 227, Erie, Pa. MISCELLANEOUS SHORT STORIES, POEMS, PLAYS, ETC., are wated for ]>ublication. Literary Bureau, ll'.i. Hannibal. Mo. PATENTS INVENTIONS COMMERCIALIZED. CASH or royalty. Adam Fisher Mfg. Co., 195A, St. Louis. Mo PHOTO SUPPLIES MAIL US 15c. WITH ANY SIZE FILM FOR development and 6 velvet prints; or send 6 nega- tives any size and 15nH iiiiiiiiiiiii|- Hotels I INDIAN RIVER and I ROCKLEDGE ROCKLEDGE, - - FLORIDA 1 175 miles below Jacksonville, in the midst of the famous Indian River orange | I groves. Ideal climate, flowers and sunshine. A great deal of money has been | I spent on the hotels making them equal to the best in the state. Fine hunting. | I Fishing has always been good at Rockledge; now it should be the best in | I Florida as there has been a new inlet opened to the ocean just below Rock- | 1 ledge. Any flshennan will know that this means wonderful fishing. One of the | I great attractions is the golf course. Boating, motor boating, clock golf, dancing, | S billiards, pool. 1 i ACCOMMODATES 400. WHITE FOE CIRCULAE | W. W. BROWN, Manager I Summer Season: GRANLIDEN HOTEL, Lake Sunapee, N. H. | iiii;iiiii;m;:iiimiiiiiimiiiii Central Parli West — 74th and 75th Streets Overlooking Central Park’s most pictur- ’ esque lake Especially attractive during the Fall and Winter months, .\ppeals to fathers, mothers an'd children. Rooms and bath — $2.50 upwards. Parlor, bedroom and bath — $4.00 per day and upwards. SPECIAL WEEKLY RATES. Please Write for Illustrated Booklet. Ownership Management — Edmund AI. Brennan. THE GULF RANGERS (CONTINUED FROM PAGE 65) AC six the Mae and her tow were bound down Lossman’s, under fair skies. John dropped over a line, trolling as they went. But progress was impeded by the tide and by engine trouble. Do you re- call we said, early in our narrative, that the Mae developed several kinds of pip? She sparked about as regularly as a man with asthma. Parts of the water jacket *had rusted and there were leaks galore. Cold water was being pumped into her cylinders in a way that threatened to baf- fle even Mr. King, who knew the old craft by heart. No wonder she balked! We find the Mae, her engines complain- ing, en route to Chockoloskee and Marco, on the morning of the 21st. Never were there more dangerous reefs. Even Hen- dry’s steel nerves and quiet self-posses- sion were necessary every mile of the long way. Oyster bars by the legion were dodged. Between Clam Point and Snake Key the voyagers resolved to get revenge on those bars. They put in at one of the clean-shaven islands and swooped down upon a bed, eating luscious bivalves in their own juice, direct from the shell. The Mae, in traveling this far, h.' s passed Porpoise Point, Alligator Fo’at and Cove, Seminole Point and Turkey Key. When they were opposite Manatee and the mouth of Chatham Bend River, Mr. King would not stop. There were stores to be secured at Marco — and gas- oline and engine parts. It is not likely that they realized then the adventures waiting for them up Chevalier Bay. For it was here, really, that our story begins. What has been told is a sort of happy-go- lucky prelude. It was dark w'hen the Mae coughed up to Chockoloskee, searching out the chan- nel. Both Hendry and Mr. King missed it and they anchored outside for the night. A letter of instructions from home was waiting at the Chockoloskee post of- fice. That afternoon Hendry and John did some deep sea fishing and later had the doubtful pleasure of examining some REAL game that had been bagged by a party of seasoned hunters. They had spent a week back in the cleared pine tree ground, well equipped for the ex- pedition, and were going over to Marco on a last lap. It made Hendry insanely jealous _to see the old buck suspended from a pole be- tween two pines. A few feet further on, four* others invited attention and as for wild turkey — mere snap shots can- not do them justice. This exceedingly courteous party, having an experienced chef and cooking apparatus to do the job properly, brought over a great pan-full of cooked meat, both deer and turkey and as it was piping hot, it made a supper of true sportsman form. “They spend much time in Big Cy- press,” grunted Hendry, “no wonder they get deer and Turkey. Come here and smell out right place.” Another morning brought dense fog to further complicate matters. They had slipped into shelter for the night but getting out was a more difficult problem. Twice the Mae grounded and twice they February, 1919 FOREST AND S T R E A ]M 93 backed her off. Was there no outlet to the bar? Had sand washed in during the night? Through momentary rifts in the fog, they could see hundreds of oyster banks.* An island that slid into the pei- spective was covered with mulberry trees, maroon with fruit. The Century plant was observed, and trees that leminded Mr. King of Mexico. It was necessary to “kill time” until the tide raised, and John was for landing on the island with Hendry for a look around. Twenty steps into the brush, John shot a fat and sassy coon. Although wounded, the shrewd little customer feighed death and when the boy made a a grab for it, up came the small head and out sprawled the active feet and for five minutes coon and John thrashed around the underbrush, first one on top and then the other. Hendry, who was always on guard where his young charge was concerned and who seemed to have taken an extravagant liking for John, Jr., came to the rescue. Soon they were off again, along a wide and deep river, dotted with fishing boats of every description and early in the afternoon. The Mae reached safe harbor at Marco. This rather thrifty little community is not unknown to sportsmen, although it is frankly off the beaten path of travel. In point of fact, as Captain Collier of Marco so loved to say; — “We are clean away from civilization.” Three times a week came the mail boat from Fort Myers and a colony of phlegmatic fishermen plied their trade. Captain Collier was the King Pin of .the Island of Marco. His influence was far-reaching and his holdings many. He owned the hustling little hotel — he con- structed neat houses and leased them — he ran a gem of a general store that was well stocked with the things that sports- men crave, and everywhere, the- groves of grape fruit and Avacado testified to his progressiveness. Marco must depend i — or did — upon the rains from heaven for i water, and it was Captain Collier who put down a 490 ft. well, to the sparkling ' sulphur-tanged supply beneath the island. By ten o’clock, the Mae, in much better condition, was sniffing and snort- j ing down the coast to Caximbas Pass, with fair weather and happy skies giving her benediction. How they met up with j the mysterious sixty-foot two-masted | sharpie — how coincidence took them I aboard and how John, Jr., in rummaging | around helow deck, discovered something that made them all shiver, is reserved for : next month. “Shooting up the rookeries” became a significant phrase from that hour on. And how plausible were the smug gentle- men aboard. You will want to sit in the dimly lighted cabin with these Gulf Rangers, and sample the dish delectable, “Stingray Flipper.” You will want to follow the course of that same sixty- footer, and become personally acquainted with the fat gentleman with the red beard who snatched John, Jr., away from an open hatch, just as his eyes were begin- ning to strike fire. We warned you that our story really began somewhere in the neighborhood of Chatham Bend River. ' (to be continued next month) j THE KENNEL MART The publishers of Forest and Stream desire to inform the public that it is impossible for them to assume re- sponsibility for satisfactory transac- tions between buyers and sellers brought in contact through these columns. This applies particularly to dogs and live stock. In transactions between strangers, the purchase price in the form of a draft, money order or cer- tified check payable to the seller should be deposited with some disinterested third person or with this office with the understanding that it is not to be transferred until the ^ dog or other article that is the subject of negotia- tion has been received and upon ex- amination found to be satisfactory. AIREDALE A HIGH-CLASS REGISTERED AIREDALE Bitch in whelp to Champion Tinton Tip Top: great bargain. Caswell Kennells, Toledo. Ohio. REGISTERED AIREDALE-PUPS BY CHAM- pion Tinton Tip Top. Big boned, Jnisky farm raised puppies of quality. Caswell Kennels, To- ledo, Ohio. WASHOE AIREDALES HAVE A NATIONAL reputation for gameness, intelligence, and high standard of appearance. Puppies rich in the blood of champions, guaranteed workers, and out of the foundation stock of our kennels, now for sale. Washoe Kennels, -\naconda, Mont. BEAGLES TRAINED ENGLISH BEAGLES FOR SALE, male and female. George Rothley, Lowell. Ohio. COLLIES THE LARGEST AND BEST COLLIES IN this country for their age sent on approval. Book on the training and care of Collies, fifty cents. Dundee Collie Kennels, Dundee, Mich. WHITE COLLIES, BEAUTIFUL, INTELLI- gent, refined and useful; pairs not a kin for sale. The Shomont, Monticello, la. GUN DOGS BEAUTY, WHITE AND BLACK. SPAYED, registered, kind, four years old, broken but re- trieving; I have killed my limit; fifty dollars. Charles Garrett, Schenectady, N. Y. CHESAPEAKE PUPPIES — NATURAL RE- trievers — Whelped from the best retrieving stock. Fine Specimens, (eligible). Barron & Orr, Box 17, Mason City, Iowa. FOR SALE— FOXHOUNDS, BEAGLES, RAB- bit, coon and skunk hounds. Hillside Kennels, Toughkenamon, Pa., Box 56. LLEWELLIN, ENGLISH, IRISH SETTER pups and trained do’gs, also Irish Water Spaniels, Chesapeake Bay Retriever, Pointers both in pups and trained dogs. ' Inclose stamps for price lists. Thoroughbred Kennels, Atlantic, Iowa. HOUNDS FOR SALE— HIGH - CLASS WALKER FOX hounds. Broken right and can deliver the goods in any company. Price, reasonable. Stamp for reply, .‘\rthur Sampey, Springfield, Mo. THE IMPROVED WOLF AND RED FOX hound bred for sheep and gameness. Those are catch dogs. Edw. D. Garr, La Grange, Ky. WESTMINSTER KENNELS, TOWER HILL, Illinois, offers Crackerjack Rabbit Hounds. Ten days trial at fifteen. Dogs just beginning to trail at $9. Also choice coon, skunk and oppossum hounds. SETTER WANTED IRISH OR LEMON AND WHITE SETTER pup or dog not more than two years old. Must be exceptionally fine dog and registered in Amer- ican Kennel Club, or eligible for such registry. Write particulars. -\ddress H. C. Baxter, Brun- swick, Maine. SPANIELS COCKER, SPANIELS, HIGHEST QUALITY English and .-\merican strains; hunting, attractive auto and family dogs; puppies, males, $15; fe- males, $10. Obo Cocker Kennels, “Englewood,” Denver, Colorado. FOR SALE— A GOOD SQUIRREL DOG. Water Spaniel bitch; she is a topnotcher, good stayer: bargain. Stamp for reply. Forest Craven, Moores Hill, Ind. Announcement to FISHERMEN ! SPECIAL OFFER Half-year subscription, six beautiful numbers, together with a splendid re- production on heavy plate paper, 7x10 inches of 50 Colored Trout Flies Exquisitely and accurately colored. A charming gift or decoration, valuable as a standard and useful on the stream. Contains no advertising. Plate of trout flies, alone, 25 cents. THE AMERICAN ANGLER Clip Th is Coupon and Mail The Only All^Angling Magazine It contains well written and beautifully illustrated stories by ■ and for anglers. It covers every phase of angling; how to get the most sport near home, hints for amateur tackle makers and stories of the famous angling waters of America by men who have “been tliere." Gen- erous space is given to the new fly, bait and surf tourna- ment casting. Salt water angling is adequately treated. Angling humor is delightfully illus- trated. It will in- crease your skill, keep you informed and make you laugh. THE AMERICAN ANGLER 1412 Broadway, New York Enclosed is $1.00 for six months' sub- scription and plate of trout flies as per your special offer. Address 94 FORES T AND S T R E A M February, 1919 f SlMPORTEDHOSeYi ” for Golf, Tennis and Sport Wear 8 W ATTRACTIVE DESIGNS FOR f| MEN AND WOMEN V| V- t A Finest Scotch Wool So<»V8 in White, Ka\ y. Heathers, Black, Oiay, Brown, i tiroen. Khaki, White withcoloredclock^ *• CA ! & Iary:e assortment of fancy paivw’ns, a pair < 1 e Men’s Finest Scotch Wool Golf Stock- | in?3, in Green* Gray, Brown and ] 5 Heather, either plain or fancy turnover tops, ] with or without feet (with instep strap), g gQ | OA Women’s FinestScotch Wool Stockinss, ' i\U. in White, White with colored clocks. s e I Stewart Sporting Sales Co. M g 423 FIFTH AVE., (at 38th St.,) N.Y. Q Oxford, Green, Heather and White ribbed O f|A ' Cotton with colored clocks, a pair « . • • . ' Connlete line Golf* Tennis and Sport eqnipmenU Q Mail Orders given prompt attention. Sent " Q prepaid, insored anywhere in U. S. A, M To the Big House That Pays Big Money Ship us your muskrat, skunk, coon, mink, rabbit furs, etc., and get your share of the most money ever paid to American trap- pers and shippers! Get correct grading. : unlimited market, prompt payment, and { highest ponces. Don’t hoard furs. Ship NOWl Free Trapper’s Guide. LOUIS RHEAD K NATURE LURES 4th season. 1919 — Made stronger — Last longer — More deadly than ever. Heretofore, the maker of nature lures trusted entirely to personal tests of them. So many appreciative letters are received, anglers may be interested in the fol- lowing sample from an eminent M.D. fishing In Maine: "Dear Sir: Enclosed find five dollars, for which please send me assortment of nature lures for trout. 1 used the lures this summer and had the grandest sport of my life, taking onanahiche with them on two- trips. I used them at one pool where flies, worms, and live bait were being li.sed, and brought to net more fish !ha.n four other rods. I lost my last feather minnow this week and wish to be prepared for next season." Send for new illustrated leaflet with additional tested baits. LOUIS RHEAO, 217 Ocean Ave.. BROOKLYN. N. Y. ARE NOW Fullest Pleasure from Your Boating pinboard dr* Outboard Portable, easily- attachable, L - A outboard engines afford the joys of motor boating at little cost. A gen- erous 30 Days’ Trial lets you try out L-A Engines at our expense. LOCKWOOD-ASH MOTOR CO. 1911 Horton Ave., Jackson Mich. Convert your r o w-b oat or canoe into a power- boat! Send for this book. It tells you how. And it bristles with valuable e n - gine informa- tion, too. 2&’4 Cfck~-2io 20 HJt Russell’s Famous y Never-lea!A’'~ • Boot for I ^ Sportsmen DUILT to stand the caff of heavy scr- ice viithont tirine the feet. Soft and light — and as water- proof as leather boots can be made. Water can’t possibly sneak in through our special never-rip "watershed" scam (patented), joining toe-pieces and’vamp. Made of black, chrome, flexible cowhide. Worn by experienced campers, fishermen, hunters, hikers and all outdoor men who know real boots when they see them, ^’ou'll ^ swear by I ■ Write for Catalog — Free DUSSELL’S‘‘Never-Leak” ■t ' Boots are built for business ^ ^ and guaranteed to give complete satis- ” h faction — they make good, or back comes your money. In any height. Soles hob- I nailed or smooth. Made to your measure. || W. C. RUSSELL MOCCASIN CO. Berlin* Wisconsin **f Books by Theodore Roosevelt Evory American wilt want Theodore Roosevelt’s books. The demand will be exceptionally heavy, and we ad- vise our readers to order such books as they may need from the following list at once. "Ranch Life and the Hunting Trail." Illustrated by Frederic Kemington. $2.50. "The Wilderness Hunter." Three editions: 4 vols. at $.50 each, 2 vols. at $1.50 each, and 1 vol. ed. at $2.50. "Winning of the West." Three editions: 4 vols.. each $2.50: C vols., each $1.50, and 6 vols., each $1.50. "Hunting Trips on the Prairie. $.50. "Hunting Trips of a Ranchman." Tliree editions: f»ne vol. $2. 50;. 2 vols., each $1.50, and 2 vols., «.‘aeh $.50. "Hunting the Grizzly." $.50. episodes from "The Winning of the West” $.90. "Outdoor Pastimes of an American Hunter." $3.00. "African Game Trails." $4.00. "Through the Brazilian Wilderness." $3.50. "Book-lover’s Holidays in the Open." $2.00. "Good Hunting: In Pursuit of Big Game in the West." $1.00. ' Theodore Roosevelt and George B. Grlnnell "American Big Game Hunting." $2.50. Theodore Roosevelt and George B. Grlnnell "Hunting in Many Lands." Each $2.50. "Stories of the Great West." $.60. Tlieodore Roosevelt and E^lmund Heller "Life His- tories of African Game Animals." $10.00. Tlieodore Roosevelt and T. S. Van Dyke. D. O. El- liot ami A. ,T. Stone. "The Deer Family.” $2.00. Prices mentioned include postage to any part of the United States or Canada. FOREST & STREAM PUBLISHING CO., (Book Dept.) 9 EasI 40lh Si, Ne» Totk City “CAW! CAW! CAW!” (CONTINUED FROM PAGE 67) shot. Crow shooting in the winter when snow is on the ground is good sport. IN view of the fact that conservation is ^ the purpose of this v ar against the crow, the trophies offered in this contest do not represent any great mone- tary value. No incentive at all is really needed to get farmers and sportsmen to kill as many of these destructive pests as possible — and besides it is the spirit of competition rather than the value of the prizes that makes for a successful contest, particularly when results are helping Uncle Sam feed not only this country but also many of the nations of Europe. To every contestant in the National Crow Shoot who during 1919 shoots twenty-five (25) crows will be awarded a triangular bronze lapel button. To the two bronze trophy winners in each state (or province in Canada) who shoot the largest number of crows dur- ing 1919 will be awarded respectively the following trophies, each to be en- graved with the total number of crows shot by the contestant: 1st State Prize, Gold Trophy Button. 2nd State Prize, Silver Trophy Button. To the three gold trophy winners who shoot the largest number of crows dur- ing 1919 will be awarded respectively the following trophies, each to be ap- propriately engraved: 1st National Prize, Gold Trophy Cup. 2nd National Prize, Silver Trophy Cup. _ 3rd National Prize, Bronze Trophy Cup. Conditions of the Contest 1. Anyone in the United States or Canada, is eligible to take part in the National Crow Shoot. 2. The National Crow Shoot will be conducted to conform strictly to the Fed- eral State Game Laws and nothing con- tained in our offer is to be construed as urging anyone to violate any game law. Each individual should inform himself with regard to his local game laws before taking part in this contest. 3. To receive credit in the contest crows must be killed with a shotgun or rifle. 4. Evidence of crows shot is to be furnished by contestants in the form of a signed statement, countersigned by an ammunition dealer, upon forms furnished for the purpose. It is expected that the contestant will furnish the dealer with evidence of his kills in the form of bills or feet of the crows shot. The state- ment forms will be supplied to dealers and contestants upon request. TO PROTECT RUFFED CROUSE OWING to the great scarcity of ruffed grouse, now seriously threatened with extinction, efforts are bein^ made in a number of States to close the season on this species for a term of years. Upon petition the game commissioners of Mich- igan and Pennsylvania have closed the season by regulation, and in New York the season was shortened to one month. Protective legislation, if enforced quickly and rigidly enough, will save the grouse. Pebruary, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 95 GONE TO THE DOGS! SOME PHASES OF THE OPEN QUESTION AS TO THE SUPERIORITY OF CONFORMATION OR TEMPERAMENT By JAY RIPLEY ^ r HAT is there to type or confor- mation?” I often ask myself. Conformation of the right kind I is most desirable, but I have never seen it assure bird sense, nose and other re- I quirements that go to make a perfect I shooting dog. Sometimes a beautiful dog ; will appeal despite its shortcomings in the field, but in my eyes all homeliness , vanishes when the dog crimps on point. No dog was ever ugly on point! They may assume any pose, but when they have the birds to a certainty, they attain the loftiest standard of beauty. Families are noted for their ideal con- formation, though not one of them wins in tl.e field, and families that have but little in the way of looks make good in competition. All field dogs of great range and steam are built to perform the work. They may be sheep-headed and snipy-faced but they are created or con- strucud for that. As much of a part as conformation plays we have another thing to contend with in the selection of dogs, and that is^ temperament. I am of the opinion that in the early days of the creature’s existence man plays a huge part in de- veloping it. Were it not so, it would be inconceivable how some individuals have such rank-dispostioned dogs. A great dog will assert himself despite a cull master; but it has amused me to see how dogs become as fixed in certain habits, and to a. degree absorb them from their owners. Some dogs like 'to be cuddled perpetu- ally; and I am positive most sensible dogs like petting when at rest. But try to pet the real classy dog in the field by stopping him when he has already warmed to work, and you instantly ob- serve that he thinks it wrong just then, and like Maupassant’s Tallow Ball, it is not a suitable time. Every field dog is possessed of some peculiarity. With some it is a dislike for loud noise other than that emanating from a gun. There was a dog of my ac- quaintance that was deathly afraid of a cow, and would circle half a mile away to evade one, but in sight of other ani- mals he was brave. One persisted in bringing me every young pig and young sheep or goat that he could find. He was so gentle that none of them were hurt. M.YNY setters and pointers are dom- inated by family traits. Thus we see many natural retrievers, and their get have this talent. Another it is the faculty of marking birds so accu- rately that it appears almost uncannily accurate. I knew a big rangy pointer that was a wonder at marking birds. He never broke at shot, but often he ad- vanced over a rise after gun fire to see where the birds flew. Nine times out of ten he was correct in marking them; though I would have been willing to wager with anyone that the birds had dropped in a different part of the cover. Not every dog is possessed with the gift of telling when birds that fly off are hit. Nearly every dog that is a retriever will go on, if permitted, after a hard-hit bird that barely manages to scale the weed tops. But one dog I have in mind showed rare discernment in this. On every hunt he has suddenly broken shot and proceed after the birds to the brush, invariably returning with a quail in his mouth. I do not know how frequently I have watched a covey with careful scrutiny when he made the dashes. Sometimes I saw a feather fall, a leg drop, but as numerous, however, were the times when my eyes failed to discover any evidence of the bird being hit; yet this dog broke shot and brought a bird. Other- wise he was not particularly great on quails. He had been worked on chickens in the North and false pointed so badly, it became very annoying. Dog owners have ready excuses for the dog that false points. One man told me it was inherently a pointer trait, a week elapsed and another confided to me that it was a setter trait. Both were excel- lent judges of the act, as each claim sd it as an exhibition of over-keeness of nose. As for me I have seen but three dogs in twenty years’ shooting experi- ence that had never false pointed. Nothing tantalizes me as badly in quail shooting as a false pointing dog. A good looking dog in my mind can be soon transfigured into a dub by repeatedly performing this act. The one-dog man is for the most part to blame. Even though his young dog is not born with a defective nose, it becomes so by route of his offi- ces. The city lot is a fertile ground for developing false pointing, by stopping the dog on sparrows, pigeons, anything that has wings. My personal belief is no dog should ever be made to stop on any- thing but a game bird, and then only after the animal has attained age. The precocious youngster that points steadily at four months and afterward, is event- ually turned into a slow pottering fellow without the vim and snap essential to a high class performer. If he is not suf- ficient inborn hellishness to chase a quail at a merry clip for once before he is a year old, he really needs attention. The dog owner I have in mind was the one-dog man. On visiting him in the city, I was regaled with prodigious tales of his dog’s stanchness. Every Sunday he had put him down in the sunurns and had given him runs. Perhaps certain days he found a quail, and at other times none. My, how stanch he was! Was he coming shooting with me? Why cer- tainly! But he confessed that he de- tested to hurt my feelings; it would, however, be a good idea to chain up my dogs while he was there. Living in the country, though my self hunting rowdys I uXarmy&navygoods I ! UNIFORMS AND EQUIPMENT I i FOR OFFICERS A.\D ENLISTED MEN | * Complete outfitters and dealers in govern- ! I ment goods — from an army hat cord to a j ' battleship. ! I 5,000 useful articles for field service, camp- | ? ing, outing, etc., in Army Officers’ price list. ' I 344 — sent on receipt of 3 cents postage. | j ARMY& NAVY STORE CO., Inc. i ! Largest Outfitters No inflated prices | I Army & Navy Building I 245 West 42nd St. New York City ! TROUT GALORE If you are interested in a trout fishing proposition that will carry you over many miles of streams and lakes, seldom if ever fished before, teeming with fine specimens of the “Font- inalis,” write to ED. L. WALTON Kempville» Yarmouth Co.» Nova Scotia Wonderful new system of teaching note music by mail. To first pupils in each locality, we’ll give a $20 superb Violin. Mandolin. Ukulele, Guitar. Hawaiian Guitar, Cornet or Banjo absolutely free Verysmall charge for lcssonsonlye.vpeDse. We guarantecsucces* or DO charge. Complete outfit free. Write at once — no obligation. SUN6EBUN0 SCHOOL OF MUSIC, Oepl. 4B0 CHIC.4G0, ILL ARADISE Located on chain of six Lakes. ^ Black Bass, Pickerel. Mackinaw Trout, Musky fishing in ^lich. In a network of Trout Streams (all varieties). Finest Bathing Beach. Perfe.'t Sanitarj' conditions. Stone and Bungalow Dining room. Write for booklet. H. 0. SMITH, Beliaire. Mich. THOUSANDS OF WILD DUCKS can be attracteii to the lakes, rivers and f»onds nearyou if you plant the foods they ove— WILD celery; Wild Rice ^ Duck Potato, etc. Wild Duck attractions my specialty.. Used by largest preserves ^ and clubs. Write for Infor •nation and prices TERRELL, Naturalist Dept H-42 Oshkosh, Wis.* The Blue Grass Farm Kennels OF BERRY, KENTUCKY offer for sale Setters and Pointers, Fox and Cat Hounds, Wolf and Deer Hounds, Coon and Opos- sum Hounds, Varmint and Rabbit Hounds, Bear and Lion Hounds also Airedale Terriers. All dogs shipped on trial, purchaser alone to judge the quality. Satisfaction guaranteed or money refunded. 60-page, highly illustrated, interesting and instructive catalogue for lOt* in stamps or coin. “Where QUALITY meets PRICE to SATISFACTION of buyer” DOGS -ALL BREEDS AIREDALES A SPECIALTY Z6 years in the line means something, and is a guarantee for SERVICE NEW YORK KENNELS 113 East 9fh Sf„ New York From Patterns and printed instructions. Save cost. » Work Easy. Materials fur* nished. Also finish coats. r Send for Catalogue and prices. F. H. Darrow Steel Boat Co. BUILD o w^'n steel boat 611 Perry St.. Albion, Mich. MANIKIN FORMS, Easy Methods to mount deer heads Natural to Life, Wall Mounts, Very light. Open Mouth Heads for Rugs. Papier Mache Specialties Co., Reading. Michigan. Free Information on How to do Tanning W. W. WEAVER CUSTOM TANNER AND DRESSER OF FURS READING, MICHIGAN. 96 FOREST AND STREA:M February, 1919 yf'-i : THE KENNEL MART i “MEAT FIBRINE” FOR DOGS Its value during cold weather Colder weather means keener appetite! Therefore more food at this season is necessary and your interest in your dog’s welfare will lead you to give him a sustaining and strengthening diet. SPRATT’S DOG CAKES AND PUPPY BISCUITS Contain “Meat Fibrine” and you are acting in youV own and your dog’s best interests by insisting on SPRATT’S. Write for samples and send 2c stamp for catalogue SPRATT’S PATENT, LIMITED, Newark, N. J. San Francisco; St. Louis; Cleveland; Montreal DENT'S CONDITION PILLS If your dog is sick, all run-down, thin and unthrifty, if his coat is harsh and staring, his eyes niat- terated, bowels disturbed, urine high colored and frequently passed — if you feel badly every time you look at him —eating grass won’t help him. DENT’S CONDITION PILLS will. They are a time-tried formula, that will pretty nearly make a dead dog eat. As a tonic for dogs that are all out of sorts and those that are recovering from distemper or are affected with mange, eczema, or sc.ne debilitating disease, there is nothing to equal them. PRICE, PER BOX, 50 CENTS. If your dog is sick and you do not know how to treat him, write to us and you will be given an expert’s opinion without charge. Pedigree blanks are free for postage — 4 cents a dozen. Dent’s Doggy Hints, a 32- page booklet, will be mailed for a two- cent stamp. The Amateur Dog Book, a practical treatise on the treatment, care and training of dogs, 160 pages fully illustrated, will be mailed for 10 cents. THE DENT MEDICINE CO. NEWBURGH, N. Y.; TORONTO, CAN. " WANTED — Pointers and setters to train; game plenty. For sale trained setters, also some good rabbit hounds. Dogs sent on trial. Dogs boarded. Stamp for reply. 0. K. Ken- nels, Marydel, Md. ENGLISH SETTERS and POINTERS A nice lot of good strong, healthy, farm raised puppies of the best of breeding GEO. W. LOVELL Middleboro, Mass. Tel. 29-M IS THIS WORTH THE PRICE? Stop your dog breaking shot and wing. Teach him what whoa; means. No long trailing rope or spike collar. Our field dog control is not cruel. Can be carried in pocket and attached instantly to dog’s collar. Dog can’t bolt. Fast dogs can be worked in close and young ones field broken in a week. Works automatically — principal South American Bolas. Sent postpaid with full direc- tions for $2. Testimonials and circular sent on request. MAPLE ROAD KENNELS NEW PRESTON, CONN. were every day on birds, they could not hope to cope with this champion. He had his setter broken to a queen’s taste, so he told me ; he stopped anywhere at com- mand, and was steady to wing and shot on any game. The steady • to wing on anything amused me. For it recalled one of my young dogs a few years back — my steady mainstay now — whose early days were exhibitions of speed between him.qelf and quails. And I am yet amazed how some of the birds ever beat him to cover. One consolation was, they seldom got there much in advance. That Fall it was a handsome, meek- looking, little setter that he brought to the farm. She was nicely put up. But I never saw her make a step vdthout glancing at her master to see if she was doing it properly. From the second she was in the field she pointed. He took me by the arm, backed off and asked me to observe the style of her point. Then he withdrew a few paces absorbed in contemplation. Despite all this she had not had a bird flushed in front of her. From eight in the morning until four in the afternoon is a wait of considerable duration on a dog to find a quail in a neighborhood, too, where birds were in abundance, and their roosts were visible in every field and thicket. The wisitor’s dog failed abominably, not a bird did she find. It would by far have been better had we depended on walking them up. With- al my companion never surrendered his faith, and his admiration was as keen as at the break of dawn. Presently the day was drawing to a close. The dog had begun to range ahead of us fully forty feet. She stopped, flung her head high and stopped in a perfect pointing atti- tude. She had become a thing of won- drous beauty. Her nostrils quivered with elation. “Keep still, she has them now,” her master confided in low tones, as though the secret were too great for mortal ears. “Where?” I asked, and was moved to add through churlishness: “I don’t see any use of making it a secret. It is no disgrace for her!” He was impervious to my sarcasm. In advance of me he trod gingerly. “Come,” he whispered, beckoning with his hand. “She still has them!” We both kicked in the sedge twenty times, walked around her, shouted. I did not even get my gun ready so interested was I in the find. Nothing could be raised, and the dog refused to budge. Unable to account for this unparalleled feat of stanchness, we sought other causes. The city hunter fell to his knees, feel- ing around in the dry grass. Then his eyes glimmered at her achievement. She had found at last! not birds; for he held aloft for my obser\*ation a dead mole. And she would have been still pointing had he not dragged her off. 1I7ILL some reader %vho owns a copy Fr of Hammond’s “ Training vs. Breaking” kindly loan it to this office? It will be returned uninjured or a copy * of the new edition substituted. AMERICA Vol. LXXXIX CONTENTS FOR MARCH, 1919 PAGi: PAGE The Scourge of the Prairies 103 Lake Erie Hut Fishing 116 By “ Bob White ” By Jefferson Williamson The Return From the Hunt — Part Two 106 By John Holman Shooting Ducks at Ocracote 109 Notes on Long Island Shore Birds 122 By II'. R. Brown B\- J T. Xichols No. 3 Making Your Own Bass Bugs 118 By \'oa Editorial Comment 120 A Complicated Fox Hunt 110 By Richard Bullock A Lesson in Faithfulness 123 By A. A. Huttoji Nessmuk’s . Camp Fire 124 Letters, Questions and Answers. . 126 The Gulf Rangers — Part Five — “Where the Sharks Prey”.... 112 By W. I. Kingston J.arncd THE TYRO’S PrIMER — PART FIVE 130 Entered as seeonil-elass matter, January 21. 1015, at the host offiee at AVty York, N. Y., under the Act of March .2, IS79. THE FIRST OUTDOOR JOURNAL PUBLISHED IN FOUNDERS OF THE AUDUBON SOCIETY PiiLiibhcU Miiiitlily. ^iili^rripiidn Rjites; L'nilf.i'l Stales, ^2.00 a year; Canada, a year: Fureij^n Cmintries, S3.00 a vf:ir. i Sinpjlc CiM)ie'^. JO cents. Entered iii N'ew York Post Ollice as Second Class Mail Matter. PUBLISHED CONTINUOUSLY SINCE 1873 The Forest and Stream Publishing Company Nine East Fortieth Street, New York City GOVERNING BOARD C. E. AKELEY, Museum of Natural History. New York. N. Y. FRANK S. DAGGETT. Museum of Science. Los Angeles, Cal. EDMUND HELLER, Smithsonian Inst.. Washington, D. C. C. HART MERRIAM. Biological Survey, Washington. D, C. WILFRED OSGOOD. Field Museum. Chicago, 111. JOHN M. PHILLIPS. Pittsburgh. Pa.-^ CHARLES SHELDON, Washington, D. C. GEORGE SHIRAS. III. Washington, D. C. GEORGE BIRD GRINNELL, New York, 41. Y. 98 FOREST AND STREAM MaeCH, 1919 Lures that they like The Emerson Hough Fly and the Pacific Coast Trout Fly — two South Bend Bucktail Flies which have proven their merit in catches like above. The Emerson Hough designed by the prominent sportsman of that name, is a favorite and one of the most deadly flies ever produced. ^ The Paoiflc Coa.st Trout Ely has proven an / unusual killer for gamey trout in far west- / The Emerson waters. Both are made with or with- / Hough Fly out single gut snell. Spinners e.vtra. / Get “The Days of Real Sport” Free Fully illustrated by Briggs, the famous / cartoonist a “back to the boyhood /days" .story of fishing. Describes full line of trout and other lures. / South Bend Bait Company ' 10281 Colfax Ave., South Bend, Ind, The Pacific Coast Trout Fly South Bend Balt Go. 10281 Colfax Ave., South Bend, Ind. ' Send me 4th Revised Edition of "The Days of Real Sport.’’ Here^s the Book You Want! This is the one book you need if you are going camping or like to read of camp life. Written by experts, “The Camper’s Own Book” treats the camping subject in a thorough and practical manner. NOTE THIS LIST OF CONTENTS: The Benefits of Recreation. The Camp-Fire. “Horse Sense’’ In The Woods. Comfort in Camp. Outfits (Suggestions for Hunting Outfits). Grub-Lists. Canoes and Canoeing. Animal Packing. What to Do If Lost. The Black Bass and Its Ways. About Fly Fishing for Brook Trout. Pointers for Anglers. The Rifle in the Woods. PRICE DELIVERED [ clO-TH COVER Forest & Stream,(K)9 E. 40th St., New York City Are You A Duck Shooter Do you love to stand in the bow of your skiff as it is pushed through the wild rice and drop the ducks that get up within range; or, if you live by the big waters, do you enjoy sitting in the blind while cold winds blow and ice forms at the edge of the shore, watching the sky and waiting for something to come to your decoys? If you love these things, if you will bear work, exposure and hardship to get a shot, you need. American Duck Shooting By GEORGE BIRD GRINNELL It gives descriptions and portraits of all the ducks and geese known in North. America; tells where they are found; the various methods practiced in shooting them; describes the guns, loads, clothing, boats and dogs employed in their pursuit, and generally is far and away the most com- plete, useful and entertaining volume on the subject that has ever Tjeen pubii^ed. It covers the whole field of North American wild-fowl shooting. The book is profusely illustrated. Not only has it ornithologically exact portraits of 58 species of swans, geese and ducks, but it has eight half-tone reproductions of some of our best-known wild ducks from the paintings of the great naturalist, Audu- bon, a number of full-page sketches by Wilmot Townsend, whose drawings of wild- fowl are inimitable, many cuts of duck boats and batteries, and fifty vignettes in the text, which add to its beauty and its usefulness. It is a complete, illustrated manual of this fascinating sport. A new edition of this volume, containing added matter, was published July 1, 1918. The work is an essential part of every gun- ner’s library. Illustrated, buckram, 627 pp. Price, $3.50 net; postage, 25c. For Sale by Forest and Stream Pub. Go. 9 E. 40th Street NEW YORK “Kinks” is full of good stuff — ideas furnished by true sportsmen. There are helpful hints for hunters, hikers, campers, fishermen and vacationists — new ways of saving time and money — simple stunts that every man ought to think out for himself — hut doesn’t. It tells how to fix up emergency “rigs” when the “store stuff’ fails or is left hehind. .\nd almost every “Kink” is illustrated so plainly that every picture makes your fingers fairly itch to try the stunt yourself. ^ Send us $3.00 and secure a copy of “Kinks” together with a full year’s subscription to Forest & Stream. Price of “Kinks” alone, $1.50. FOREST & STREAM, 9 E. 40th SL, New York City Send your name and address for free copy, forty-eight page outdoor book catalogue. FOREST AND STREAM BOOK DEPARTMENT 9 East 40th Street, New York, N. Y. A BOOK OF BOOKS BUNGALOWS. CAMPS AND MOUNTAIN HOUSES Containing a large rariety of designs by many architects, many of which are suitable only for summer use while others are adapted for perma- nent residence. Camps, hunting lodges and log cabins are also presented, suggesting designs for vacation dwellings in woods and mountains. Compiled by < WILLIAM PHILLIPS COMSTOCK With an article by C. E. SCHERMERHORN. A.A.I.A.. Architect Price. $2.00. FOREST & STREAM (BOOK DEP*T) 9 East 40th Street, New York City March, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 99 Make the Aerothrust Your Fishing Companion The Aerothrust is the best fishing pal you ever had. The Aerothrust will do all the rowing and let you do all the fishing. Could anything be fairer than that? Attach an Aerothrust to your boat and take all the backache and hand-blisters out of that long pull against the wind or current to where “they are bitin’.” The Aerothrust is an improvement on ever}' other type of detachable motor. Here’s why: — First, the aeroplane propeller takes no punish- ment from submerged rocks, logs or weeds. Second, >ou never have to worr}' about depth of water. If you scratch bottom your propeller is in the air out of harm’s way. The Aerothrust will take you anywhere it’s damp! Third, you will get greater speed under all Ask your dealer or zorii Canadian Boat & Engine Exchange, Ltd., Excl kinds of conditions than with the underwater propeller. Fourth, you are independent of piers and docks for landing — just run her nose right up on the beach. Fifth, when fishing you can navigate shallow streams without roiling up the water. for illustrated booklet. we Canadian Jobbers. Wesley Bldg., Toronto, Can. AEROTHRUST ENGINE CO. 517 Washington Street LA PORTE, IND. A Practical Book on the Popular Fresh Water Game Fish, the Tackle Necessary and How to Use It By DIXIE CARROLL National Sportsman" and Fishing Editor of "The Chicago Herald," President of "The American Anglers’ League" Net $2.00. Postage Extra Detroit Free Press: “Mr. Carroll describes the habits and ‘fads’ fresh water game fish; tells about baits, lures, and tackle; adds facts that cover fishing conditions in different seasons, all in conversationally breezy and informing fashion.’’ A book of Fish and Fishing, written In a "pal" to "pal'i style from actual nsning eipeiiences. The basses, muskellonge, pike, pickerel, wall-eyed pike and trout treated in a thorough manner as to habits and peculiarities. Baits and lures that attract game fish, and how to use them. Simple and expert meth^s of bait and fly casting. Ihe reason for each piece of tackle and how td use it. The fighting acUons of game fish from strike to landing net. Seasonable facU that affect the fishing conditions. Information that will be round invaluable to the beginner and the experienced angler. Send for your copy now or BETTER YET send $4.00 for a two years’ subscription to Forest and Stream and we’ll mall a copy of this book Log Cabins and Cottages (Sixth Edition) How to Build and Furnish Them By WILLIAM S. WICKS The most popular book on the subject ever written. Full explanations how to build cabins of all sizes with directions and numerous illustrations. Everything from a shack to the most pretentious Adirondack structure, is included. Pictures and plans of fireplaces; how to build chim- neys; rustic stairways, etc. PRICE, $1.50 FOREST & STREAM, (Book Dept.) 9 East 40th Street NEW YORK CITY Forest and Stream Publishing Company 9 East 40th Street New York City 100 FOREST AND S T R E A March, 1919 BIGGEST BOOK BARGAIN EVER OFFERED TEN{ Smashing good outdoor books by that vigorous and fascinating writer, Stewart Edward White }for $5.00 These books handsomely bound in light green silk cloth with gold stamp- ing would be cheap at $20.00 per set. There are only five hundred sets avail- able for distribution, and these will not last long as without any question this offer is the biggest book bargain ever available. The ten volumes consist of 3734 pages; the set weighing twelve pounds — nothing better could be given for a holiday present than this splendid set of notable books. A SNAPSHOT OF EACH VOLUME “The Claim Jumpers” lie had been pampered and petted since his birth. Sick at heart of the life he was leading, he went into the West, to manage a mining camp. One day he met her. She was the daughter of a low boozer and a woman of no account. But for her he forgot his work; for her he near- ly lost the mines to a gang of claim jumpers; for her he nearly dragged his manhood to depths of disgrace. “The Land of Footprints” Of all the books on Africa, this is the most delightful. It sweeps aside the staple African story which concerns itself only with rhinos, •lions, and native guides, and discovers a new Africa, simply by finding the real one. Home- life which one does not associate with Africa, is told of interestingly. “The Blazed Trail” With nothiiiK to his name hut the clothes he wore, three dollars in his pocket and heart of oak, he plunired into the timberland of the lower Peninsula. The world had been bitter and he wanted to forget. The fight began. It was his big fight against nature, himself, and the other men. “The Silent Places” In a canoe he paddled away into the wilder- ness from the Hudson Bay post. He had his orders to bring back a renegade Indian to jus- tice. Painfully, slowly, on and on he pushed his way along the Trail, with its grim terrors of the North and giant vistas of snow country. “Camp and Trail” Here is a book for the wilderness traveler — for the camper and the tramper. It is a woods- man’s manual. It gives you all of the practical information you should have before starting for the woods, streams or lakes on your vaca- tion. White tells you from his lifelong experi- ence about common sense in the wilderness, what to wear and take with you. the camp out- fit, the cook outfit, what to cat and how to cook it, what to carry on a horse and how to pack it. how to select a canoe: and other things you must know when you go into the real woods. “Arizona Nights” A book of W estern yarns and character por- trayals, that flash by the reader as though “caught in the films.” Mr. \Vhite gives a view of life on Arizona cattle-ranches which is in- stinct with vitality and love of that out-of-door existence which he knows so well. “The Rules of the Game” Bobby Orde was a vigorous football type of fellow who had made a sad failure of office routine. So he went into the California Si- erras with their great forests and wonderful natural resources, and there he found his niche in managing men. “The Riverman” • This is a stirring anti virile successor to “The Blazed-Trail.” Jack Orde was a river-boss and was making good. Life to him was a wonderful adventure. It was full of the big outdoors; of smashing timber: logs that boomed down the river: of sleeping and tramping in the cool, pine- scented air. “Blazed Trail Stories” Of the younger American writers, few de- serve so well the recognition extended to them as Stewart Edward W'hite. There is a strong, clean virility about him that seems to go well with the atmosphere of his chosen scenes — the tonic breath of northern forests, the fragrance of balsam, the wide freedom of limitless avenues of trees, of unbroken expanses of snow. In some respects, Mr. W'hite’s short stories are more enjoyable than even his longer books. To be sure one gets in them ratherless of nature and woodcraft: but on the other hand, one gets a greater number of vivid, rapid portraits of the sort of men who live their lives close to nature. “The Westerners” As a baby she traveled across the prairies to the foothills of the Rockies, where under the care of Jim Buckley her parents made camp in the sacred groves of the Indians. Blooil was flowing. Settlers everywhere were in danger. Custer was attacked and wiped out. One day there came among the Indians a half breed who had a debt to settle with Jim Buckley — a debt of spite. It was soon over. Her father and mother were killed, and she kidnapped and taken far to the south. Don’t fail to take advantage of this truly remarkable offer. The books will be supplied while they last at $5.00 per set. If the supply is exhausted when your order is received money will be returned, otherwise the books will be shipped to you express charges collect. FOREST & STREAM, Book Dept. No. 9 E. 40lh St., New York City Here’s the Book You Want! This is the one book you need it you zf^ going camping or like to read of camp life. Written by experts, “The Camper’s Own Book” treats the camping subject in a thorough and practical manner. NOTE THIS LIST OF CONTENTS: The Benefits of Recreation. The Camp-Fire. “Horse Sense” In The Woods. Comfort in Camp. Outfits (Suggestions for Hunting Outfits). Grub-Lists. Canoes and Canoe- ing. Animal Packing. What to Do If Lost. The Black Bass and Its Ways. About Fly Fishing for Brook Trout. Pointers for Anglers. The Rifle in the Woods. PRICE DELIVERED PAPER COVER 50 CENTS CLOTH COVER $1.00 FOREST and STREAM (Book Dept.) 9 East 40th Street, New York City WOODCRAFT By NESSMUK No better book for the guidance of those who go into the wild for sport or recrea- tion was ever written. No one ever knew the woods better than “Nessmuk” or succeeded in put- ting so much val- uable information into the same compa.ss. Camp equipment, camp making, the per- sonal kit, camp fires, shelters, bedding, fishing, cooking, and a thousand and one kindred topics are considered. Cloth, illus., 160 pages. Postfaid, $1.00. rfc T* * years subscription r n r r forest & stream at the 1 It 1j Li REGULAR YEARLY R ATE OF $2.00 No Extra Charge for Canadian Orders For more than forty-five years, FOREST & STREAM has studiously cultivated and vigorously promoted a healthful interest in outdoor recreation and in the natural sciences. It founded the Audubon Society, and has been the people’s champion in many important activities looking to the development and preservation of our Na- tional Park System and to wild life in general. Throughout its long career of public usefulness, FOREST & STREAM has_ been and still is the recognized authority in its field. Price 20c a copy: Subscription price $2.00 a year. FOREST & STREAM PUB. CO. 9 EAST 40th STREET - - NEW YORK, N. Y . Fr«m Patterns and printed instructions. Save cost. Work Easy. Materials fur- nished. Also finish coats. Send for Catalogue ” and prices. BUILD o STEEL BOAT F. H Darrow Sled Boat Co. 6*' P^rry St., Alhion, Mich- March, 1919 Forest and stream 101 BOOKS for ANGLERS To satisfy that ever present desire for the joys of River, Lake or Stream — We offer a choice selection of Books for Anglers. THE ANGLER’S LIBRARY American Fishes (G. Browne Goode) $3.50 American Trout- Stream Insects and Nature Lures (I»uis Rhead) 3.00 Anglei^s Workshop (Frazer) l.OQ Angler's Guide ((Tiarles Bradford) 1.00 Angler's Secret, The (Cliarles Bradford) 1.00 An Angler's Reminiscences (Chas. Hallock)... 1.50 Artificial Flics and How to Make Thera 1.00 Bait Angling for Common Fishes (Louis Rhead) 1.50 Ha.ss. Pike, Pen’h, etc. (James A. Heiishall).. 2.25 Basses. The Fresh Water and Marine (Louis Rhead) 3.00 Big Game Fishes of the S. (Holder) 2.15 Big (tame at Sc*a (Holder) 2.25 B(»ik of I'i.sh and Fishing (Louis Rhead) 1.50 Book of the Black Bass (HenshaTl) 2.00 B« ok of tbo Tarpon (Dimock) 2.00 Complete S<’icnce of Fly Fishing and Spinning iFrtsl (i. Shaw) 6.00 Ctmipiele Angler (Walton) Lang Edition .75 Cjjmplele Angler (Walton) Major Edition 1.00 Completi? Angler (Walton) Gilt Edition 2.00 Dffirmiru'd Angler (Charles Bra I March, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 115 Even to experienced fishermen, the whip ray remains a constant marvel. It’s markings are strangely beautiful and as may be seen, they grow to great size up Nine-mile lake, so Tipley explained. The innumerable coons had been trapped by Captain Flynt, who went out each day along the Mangrove island beaches, and set them for the value of the pelts. “Worth more than otter,” was Flynt’s laconic observation. And again Mr. King wondered. No scientific society would be particularly anxious to receive a con- signment of coon skins ! The circum- stances were strangely conflicting. And once Captain Flynt had said The Spoonbill came from Long Key. Tipley had mentioned Key West. Fl3mt, how- ever, although he looked like Rip Van Winkle and had the manners of a pirate, knew everything there was to know about fishing and trapping, and Hendry mooned up to him in a jiffy, making him talk a perfect streak. John, too, was eager to hear some of these stories of Big Cypress adventure. There against the cabin wall, was a splendid deer skin. It made Hendry’s eyes glitter with envy. Captain Flynt said that he had shot it far up Turner River, beyond the cypress strands. No — there were no deer near the gulf. It was remembered that the jug of rum received in exchange from Johnny Billy was under one of the seats in the launch, and Mr. King secured it, offer- ing liberal cupsful to Tipley and the Captain. This act broke the last bar- riers of mysterious reserve. And as the surveyor told of his mission to survey ground in the Everglades and along Big Cypress, Tipley waxed eloquently talk- ative. Suspicion was allayed. Nothing would do but that Flynt should serve some of his famous “Sting- ray Flipper.” They had caught one that morning and there was a pot of the thick, full-flavored chowderish mixture, ready to heat. It tasted bully good. Even John, who was not much for “queer” concoctions was forced to admit that “Flipper” from stingray was de- licious. IT was ten o’clock when meal and stories were finished, and then Tipley made a chance remark that ended almost as Hendry had planned. “If I give you a pair of scissors will you cut my hair?” asked the owner of The Spoonbill, “I can’t stand this mop any longer. Saw myself in a mirror this morning and it gave me a shock. We look like a couple of mangroves hung with moss.” “Sure I’ll act barber,” assented Mr. King, “but why use scissors when there is something superlatively better. I have a pair of very professional clippers on the Mae — take them along for my beard. I’ll get those and make a good job of it.” Hendry dipped into his pocket and pro- duced the clippers. He afterwards declared that he had intended using them on Captain Flynt, whether asked or not. John laughed un- til he cried, watching the operation. Tip- ley was given a pretty decent beard trim and hair cut, but when The Spoonbill’s barber reached Flynt, he solemnly left a ridge of hair in the middle of the Cap- tain’s head similar to famous Zip, of the Bamum & Bailey circus. But Flynt seemed unaware of the trick that had been played upon him. When Mr. King finished, the floor of the cabin was one mass of hair — some of it red, for Tipley’s beard was picturesquely auburn. As they were preparing to leave, John did a little rummaging on his own ac- count. He lifted one of the locker seats beneath the bunks, having detected a feathered foot protruding. In the shal- low space there were bodies — gorgeous white, fluffy birds. “Oh Gee!” was his sudden exclama- tion. Tipley turned in a second. So did Flynt. The latter made a running jump to the boy’s side and yanked down the top of the locker. It was all accom- plished before anyone quite realized the significance of the act. “Better stay out of there!” warned Tip- ley, “I keep poisonous chemicals in that locker — and there are birds in it, too — birds that have been dead too long.” “I think you should keep your fingers out of things,” reprimanded Mr. King, frowning at the boy. “It’s all right — don’t mind,” said Tip- ley, master of the situation, “but I didn’t want him to have a finger burned off or an eye put out. Where are you fel- lows going tomorrow?” “Turner River,” said Mr. King. “Why not try the Thickehunahatchee for deer?” suggested Tipley, whereat Captain Flint nodded, and Hendry grunt- ed his approval, “it’s Christmas! Make it a celebration. We will have some fresh venison and perhaps a turkey or two. That is real game country. The boy will get all the fishing he wants — and perhaps we shall secure something worthy of saving for his collection.” “We’re on!” replied Mr. King, on the spur of the moment. He accepted the invitation for more than one reason. They cruised about for a half hour in the moonlight, for never was there fairer Christmas Eve than this. Not a breath of air stirring and the tufted cabbage-palms, water oaks, buttonwood and mulberry trees of Round Key sharp- ly defined, against the starry sky. Hen- dry’s pipe had an inviting, aromatic per- fume and he was crooning to himself as he stood at the wheel. They went far up the shore and slowly back to the Mae. She rested snugly under the lee of the island, her one light shining a> welcome. And there beyond, ghostly in the moon- light, was that othe^;, boat, a dull, grey mass, unrelieved by so much as a glim- mer. John and his father were tucked away (continued on page 140) Fishermen like best to lazily cruise in and out and around the fantastic button-balls of islands that are characteristic of this coast. And every island has it’s fringe of oysters, it’s game and it’s fishing nooks 116 FOREST AND STREAM March, 1919 LAKE ERIE HUT FISHING ONE OF THE MOST ALLURING OF WINTER SPORTS WHICH IN- CIDENTALLY COMBINES RECREATION WITH FINANCIAL GAIN By JEFFERSON WILLIAMSON The huts are made of the lightest materials to enhance their portability Fishing in huts far out on the midwinter ice of Lake Erie is a novelty among pastimes that is growing rapidly in popularity. For several years this style of fish- ing was carried on purely as a commercial prop- osition, but such is no longer the case. Piscatori- ally inclined busi- ness and profes- s i o n a 1 men of Cleveland, Toledo, Detroit and other cities have found it to be one of the most alluring of sports and are in- vading the field in increasing numbers each winter. The originator of hut fishing is said to have been Frank Shirley, a boatbuilder and skipper residing in Lakeside, Ohio, a short distance west of Cleveland. He is accredited with being the father of “Piketown,” which is probably the largest of the hut fishing colonies on the southern side of Lake Erie. Last winter “Piketown” consisted of some 300 huts, about eighty percent of which were used by commer- cial fishermen and the rest by men who liked the sport and did not care a rap about the money there was in it. And last year, incidentally, there was extra- ordinarily big money in it — net profits ranging anywhere from $25 to $75 a day. At 15 and 16 cents a pound, undressed, the catch has to be considerable to total $75, as a simple process of mathematics easily demonstrates. The prices were higher last winter due to the war, with its resultant conservation of meats, and this provided an eager market for all the fish that could be caught. j The favorite hut fishing grounds are at Monroe Piers, Mich., a few miles south of Detroit, at Toledo Beach, about eight miles south of Monroe Piers, and the shoals in the vicinity of Put- in Bay. But the fishing is done more or less almost anywhere on the southern side of the lake — Ballast Island, Starve Island, Middle Bass, Rattlesnake, Green Island, these are but a few of the haunts of the fishermen. The fishermen go out anywhere from half a mile to more than two miles off shore. You will find venturesome ones out two and a half miles on the steamer lane in what is known as the South Pas- sage, where the water is thirty feet deep or more. But as a rule, the average fisherman is content to remain closer in- shore. The fishing is satisf3dng there and the risks are fewer. The fishing generally begins in Jan- uary, after the low December tempera- tures have hardened the ice to a thick- ness of from six to eighteen inches and continues until the end of February or as late as the middle of March. It all depends on the condition of the ice, and that, in turn, of course is dependent on the weather. The shanties, or huts, in which the fishing is done generally are six feet long, four wide and seven high. They are made of the lightest of materials to enhance their portability. On a two-by- one-inch wooden framework canvas is tacked, sometimes burlap bags, some- times tin sheeting. But the ideal cov- ering is canvas. There is a door, of course, and a small window, but the window is kept heavily blinded while the fishing is being done. The fisher- man uses it only when he wants to peer out occasion- ally for one rea- son or another. But while he is fishing he must have darkness, absolute darkness. In this darkness the fisherman sits on a stool and peers down into the hole he has cut through the ice. This hole should be about 15 inches wide and 24 to 30 in- ches long, chipped away slantingly underneath so the fisherman can see the approach of the fish before it reaches the hole proper. It is so clear in the dark- ness that the sand bottom is visible and the antics of the cannibalistic pike as they grab for the decoy can be observed clearly in every detail. Any moving object can be seen clearly in the water. The prin- ciple is the same as that of the Catalina Island glass bottomed boats. There is one other requisite in the construction of the hut. Its canvas roof must have a chimney, for ventilation, a chimney say about a foot high, with a raised hood. This ventilator is an ab- solute necessity as will be seen farther on. When the fisherman has located his hut, the first thing he does is to bed its base with snow. This helps to an- chor it, assures its stability against the forty-mile breezes that are quite com- mon on Lake Erie in midwinter. It also adds to the interior warmth of the hut. But warmth is an easy problem, for each hut is provided with a diminutive stove, usually oil burners, which make the hut so cozy that the fisherman per- spires in his shirt sleeves. In addition to bedding snow around the base of the hut, the fisherman usually takes extra precautions to see that his structure will “stay where it is put,” by anchoring it with light ropes and wooden pegs driven into the ice. March, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 117 The huts are hauled to the scene by horse and cart, or by auto delivery wagon, and they are moved from one location to another on the ice by the same means, for it is seldom that a fish- erman remains a great length of time on any one spot. As .long as the fish keep running he remains, but when the run seems to have stopped he goes to another position. The habits of the fish regulate the habits of the fishermen. The fishing is done both by spears, or gigs, and by hook and line, short drop lines or handlines. Pike are speared; pickerel, yellow-ringed perch and sun- fish take the line, with live or frozen minnows as the bait. Spearing and hooking may be done simultaneously through the same hole. The perch and sunfish run in schools. One may catch a bushel of them in a very short time, and then again the catch may be only a few in a day. Their weight ranges from one to four pounds. But invariably the bulk of the catch is perch and sun- fish, despite the' steady regularity with which the fisherman may be able to plant his spearpoint between the ribs of the voracious pike. Pike, perch and sunfish are caught at short distances out from the shore; the fisherman must go farther out to get pickerel, out to 28 or 30 feet of water. Quite often bass are caught, too, but these must be thrown back into the wa- ter because it is illegal to catch them. The bass generally are found in deep water, usually where* there is a current. IT is the pike fishing that furnishes the greatest amount of excitement and requires the greatest amount of skill. The fisherman uses wooden minnows, which he prefers to whittle out himself. The shop minnow seldom, if ever, suits him. There are old-timers in the Put-in Bay district who spend many hours of their spare time in the fall and summer whittling out these minnows and experi- menting with them in a tub of water, for the minnow must be made to do cir- cus stunts, to dance like a jack-on-a- stick at the end of a piece of cord. When the whittling is completed, the minnows are sandpapered, a bit here, a bit there until they reach a state of perfection satisfactory to the fisherman. The min- nows one fisherman cuts out for him- self never would do for another fisher- man. Each has individual whims about the manner in which the decoy should behave in the water. There is no swap- ping of products, no dependency on one another except that one man might listen to another’s suggestions, then ignore them or accept them as he saw fit. When the whittling and sandpapering is completed the minnows are painted a shade resembling a live fish, or some dark color. The minnows are about six in- ches long. Each fisherman generally has a collection of them — the one he used last summer, the one he made this summer and others he has had for a varying number of years. The spirit of improvement on one’s own handiwork is a constant stimulus to steady annual output. The casual fisherman, out only for the sport of the thing, gets his de- coys either from these hardy native sons or buys them in a sporting goods store, and all things considered, gets along just as well with them, I dare say. At least, he is generally satisfied with the results. The decoy minnow must be kept on the move. Attaching it to a cord the fisherman drops it into the water to a depth of about two feet. There he keeps it darting around in a circle. And he poises his spear, which is of the five- tined type. The pike gets inquisitive about it. At lightning speed he darts forward and strikes the minnow, and goes by. A minute or two later he comes back slowly, to find out what sort of strange animal he has encountered. He noses his way slowly. Spear poised, the fisherman nails him. The aim is generally amidships, so that if the aim is poor, or the pike starts his getaway for some reason earlier than usual, the spear has a moment’s more time in which to impale him. The barbs of the tines hook under his bones and hold fast. His doom is sealed. Some of the fishermen put a three- gang hook on the minnows to bother the pike a moment until they have time to spear him, for the spearing must be done with tremendous rapidity. But the old, practised fisherman wants none qf the three-gang hook. Last winter, the fishermen said, was the best in the history of the sport. On one day, with the “wind from the west when fish bite best,” 200 pike were taken in each of two huts near Lakeside, and big catches were general throughout the season. Five pounders were not uncommon and very few of the pike weighed less than two pounds. The biggest pike of the season weighed six and one-half pounds and measured four feet, a veracious fisherman asserts. It is a poor fisherman who cannot get at least twenty-five pike a day. Com- mercial fishermen grew rich on the kill last winter. Their market was steady and certain, and in many cases *they did not even have to take the trouble to deliver their catches. Automobiles run- ning out over the ice constantly took up all the supply they had and paid them spot cash if demanded. These prof- its lured many newcomers to the field, made many commercial fishermen out of men who combined business with pleas- ure— men from the little towns and cities along the lake, postmasters, storekeepers, lawyers, doctors, all sorts and conditions of men who tried their luck for two or three days at a stretch or two or three weeks, whenever they could spare the time from their regular pursuits. The cost of the hut, spear, lines and all other requisites ranges between $30 and $40, and are easily obtainable, par- ticularly in the villages in the Put-in Bay neighborhood. Among these appurtenances not thus far mentioned is a small scoop net with which to pick up the scum ice that may have been ground away somewhere, or (continued on page 140) I The hut in the foreground is one of the best types, warm, and comfortable in the coldest weather 118 FORESTANDSTREAM Maech, 1919 MAKING YOUR OWN BASS BUGS A PLEASANT OCCUPATION FOR THE WINTER EVENINGS THAT LINKS MEMORIES OF LAST YEAR WITH ANTICIPATIONS OF THE COMING SEASON . By NOA SPEARS Having hinted quite broadly in a pre- vious article on bass fishing with homemade floating flies that I would not be averse to revealing the mys- teries of the construction thereof, the editor has been unkind enough to take advantage of my weak moment — but I trust the result may help some brother of the rod to while away his winter even- ings, while the wife knits another sweater for the boys who are still over there and the kids are roasting apples and pop- ping corn before the fire. The accompanying illustrations show as best I can the various steps in the making, but pictures, however good, never explain, at least to me, just how each step was taken and many essential points cannot be illustrated. The first step should be to prepare the colored shellacs with which to paint the bodies, which are of cork and do not take oil paints and varnish well and dry too slowly. Get half a pint of white shellac dis- solved in alcohol and one ounce each of yellow, red, white and b^own dry paint colors, and a small amount of the dry powdered aluminum. Then take a one- ounce clear glass stoppered bottle for each color you intend to make and pour them half full of the shellac. Add color and shake well until all the color is well mixed with the shellac. Enough color should be used to give good covering quality, otherwise too many coats are required. Light colors require more of the pigment then darker colors. If you get it too thick a little alcohol will thin the mixture and should they evaporate alcohol will restore them perfectly. A medium heavy body is easier to apply than one too thin as it runs off and requires more coats to produce strong colors. The yellow and red may be blended in another bottle to produce a good, deep orange, and other similar mixtures can be produced by experimenting. Always keep the glass stoppers in the bottles tight to prevent evaporation. A small, cheap bristle brush, say %- inch in diameter, will serve to apply the shellacs, as a good brush is soon stiffened anyhow and the painting is rather crude because shellac doesn’t “work” like paint. Dipping is good if your bottles have wide enough mouths and a hat pin serves well to carry the bodies while being dipped. Next get a small flat-nose plier, a pair of straight manicure scissors as delicate as possible, a dozen sneck hooks, size 3/0 or 2/0 as you pre- fer, a couple of dozen No. 3 extra long corks as free from pores and defects as possible, a couple of sheets each of 0 and 00 sandpaper, and 2 spools of waxed dental floss. The sneck hooks may be changed to some other style if not ob- tainable, but be sure to select a hook with a large eye, rather stiff shank, yet not too heavy, and of best quality. Car- lisle’s are too light and springy, O’Shaugh- nessy’s are too blunt and heavy, while Pennell’s have a turned down eye which spoils them to loop the leader through, even if the eye were big enough. With the pliers bend the offset out of the sneck hooks as a straight set hook works best on these flies. Take one of the corks and with a sharp pocket knife trim off the edge of the larger end, cut a slice off one side to form the belly, then trim the smaller end so the cork appears as in illustration No. 2. Smooth up the entire cork now, so it will finish nicely, using whichever grade of sand- paper works best on the materials. Next cut small notches about ^-inch deep across belly to simulate the natural segments on a real bug, and a notch around the entire body at what would be the neck of the bug, so your body then looks like illustration No. 3. Stretch across your desk, or elsewhere out of the way, a piece of string to hang the bodies on while they are drying after each coat of enameling. Take some common pins and bend their heads over so they make hooks or han- gers— using the pliers for this. These with the bodies impaled upon the points will hang nicely and the bent pins also make a handle to use while applying the shellacs or enamels. Impale the bod- ies at the small end so the excess shellac will gravitate to the large end which is A photograph illustrating the successive steps in making bass bugs 'I March, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 119 the head, as this end gets the brunt of all weeds, brush and other wearing fric- tion when in use and the enamels wear off first on the head, unless made thicker on that part of the body. After as many bodies are made and ready for painting as you want, in- sert the pin hangers and apply two or three coats of colors as you choose, allowing each coat to dry well, especially the last. While the coats are drying prepare the hooks by tying on the “tails.” For this I use the long hair from the tails of deer, squirrel, coons, fox or skunks, or any other that is long and wiry. Quite a range of color may thus be had in natural hair and the selection or blend- ing is entirely optional with you. The best way to keep the hair in shape for handling is to leave it on the skin, either dried or tanned and then select and cut off each time with the manicure scissors just the amount you wish to use. This keeps the end even in a natural way and prevet^nts getting the colors all jumbled up. When you have selected a small bunch of hair, gather its outer ends in a neat bundle so you can grasp it between thumb and forefinger, cut it away close to the skin, work out all the short hairs and fur by blowing them away while holding • the hairs by their outer ends, then tie on as hereafter described. When the cork bodies are well dried a hole must be made through endwise, to pass the hook through. This hole should be started at the large end and below the center, so the finished fly will have more weight below than above and consequently float with back up and hook down. The hole should emerge near the small end in the belly portion. The best way I have ever found to make this hole is to bore it with a dent- ists’ drill using a bur size Nos. 6 or 7, which is about ^-inch in diameter, but if you can’t find a dentist who will ac- commodate you, a hot wire about the size of a coarse hairpin would burn the hole neat and smooth. If you prefer the cork body can be cut in half end- wise before enameling, a groove made for the hook and the two halves tied together at the neck and near the tail after the hook with tail tied on has been placed, but this is more trouble and less neat than the bored hole. The hole should be enlarged slightly at the tail end, so the slight bundle made in tying the tail hairs to hook will find room without stretching or splitting the cork. This back end should be split out about %-inch after the hole is bored, using the manicure scissors, and leaving the body appearing like illustrations Nos. 5 and 6, on the opposite page. Tying the tails on hooks is done best as follows: Cut off about 12 inches of the waxed dental floss, and tie a loop that will, when drawn tight, be a knot, leaving one end long and one short. Lay this loop at hand and select and cut off the hair to be used. Remove short hairs and place around hook, so the loop may then be slipped over hook shank and hairs and drawn tight. Wrap the hair tightly on shank for half an inch, as smoothly as possible and tieing in hard knot. Illustration No. 7 shows this completed. Next apply shellac to the wrapped por- tion and insert eye of hook in tail end of body and push gently through until the tied portion is inside of body and eye of hook is protruding from head, as shown in figure 8. The point of hook should be turned dovmward and a coat of shellac added to help keep the hook in position. Let this coat of shellac dry before ty- ing on the wings. When ready to add the wings cut the groves or notches on the side of neck so the cork is again exposed, as the flare of the wings depends on your drawing the thread deep into these notches and the enamel prevents the cork readily giv- ing to the pressure. Cut off about 18 inches of the waxed dental floss and tie it tightly around the neck in the groove, leaving one end long, and making the knot either on back or belly side. Select and cut off hair for each wing and have them paired as to length, color, mixture, etc. Place hair in position on one side of fly, pass the long end of thread around neck groove over wing and tie tight. Then pl^e other wing and with long end wrap six or eight turns around the neck groove, drawing tight on first turns till desired flare is obtained. Tie in hard knot and trim off ends of thread and hair close, using the manicure scissors. Shellac the wrapping and head, several coats, using a different color from the body if you wish. I use a light color or white on the heads, as it aids in watching the fly as you retrieve it when fishing. As a finishing touch go over the whole body with some of the uncolored shellac as it adds brilliancy and gloss and is more water-proof than those containing colors. Tying the wings on will be the hardest at first, but a few trials will make your fingers more deft, and teach you how to get the set to the wings that makes (continued on page 136) Different types of bass bugs; several have seen active service 120 FOREST AND STREAM March, 1919 FOREST ilE STREAM FORTY-EIGHTH YEAR FOUNDERS OF THE AUDUBON SOCIETY GOVERNING BOARD: GEOKGE BIRD GRINNELL, New York, N. Y. CARL E. AKELEY. American Museum of Natural History, New York FRANK S. DAGGETT, Museum of Science, Los Angeles, Cal. EDMUND HELLER, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C. C. HART MERRIAM, Biological Survey, Washington, D. C. WILFRED H. OSGOOD, Field Museum of Natural History. Chicago, 111. JOHN M. PHILLIPS, Pennsylvania Game Commission, Pittsburgh, Pa. CHARLES SHELDON, Washington. D. C. GEORGE SHIRAS, 3rd. Washington, D. C. WILLIAM BRUETTE, Editor TOM WOOD, Manager Nine East Fortieth Street, New York City THE OBJECT OF THIS JOURNAL WILL BE TO studiously •promote a healthful interest in outdoor rec- reation, and a refined taste for natural objects. August 14, 1873. SAVE NEW JERSEY’S PHEASANTS! "THE following communication has been received from the American Game Protective Association : “Disturbing rumors are afloat with regard to an attempt to remove protection from ringneck hen pheasants in New Jersey. The flve-year closed sea- son on these birds expires this year. It should be, by all means, renewed. If it is not, years of devoted and successful work on the part of Mr. Duncan Dunn, superintendent of the New Jersey state game farm, will go for naught. New York has been pro- ducing more ringnecks than New Jersey, as it has three state farms, and its breeding operations have covered a longer period of years, yet a proposal to remove the protection afforded the female of the species would And the sportsmen of that state in arms instanter. Here is an opportunity for the newly-formed New Jersey State Sportsmen’s Association. It is also taken for granted that the Board of Game Com- missioners will act vigorously in this matter. Every sportsman in New Jersey should file his protest at once, both with the board and his representative in the legislature, too. It will take only about two years to make the ringneck a memory in New Jer- sey, if protection is removed from the hen. To take such action when years of intelligent stocking are beginning to bear fruit would be suicidal. New Jersey sportsmen should arise in their might and protest.” If it is the desire of the sportsmen of New Jersey further to propagate the ringneck pheasant it is highly important that the protection of the hen bird be continued, but while on this subject it should be stated that the sportsmen of this country have never been and are not at present united on the de- sirability of introducing foreign game birds into American coverts. Many experienced and able stu- dents of game conservation believe that all of our efforts and money should be devoted to the propaga- tion of native birds, and many believe that the scar- city of native birds in sections of the country where the ringneck pheasants have been introduced is due largely to the carniverous and predatory habits of these wily Orientals. A SPORTSMEN’S MEMORIAL TO A GREAT LEADER ■yHE National Association of Audubon Societies and ^ its affiliated State Organizations, Bird Societies and Sportsmen’s Clubs, throughout the country, will at once begin the work of providing for the ultimate erection of a notable work of art to be known as the Roosevelt Memorial Bird Fountain. There is not the slightest doubt, but wffiat the lovers of out-of-door life will combine to support this tribute to our great fallen leader. Colonel Roosevelt was the most forceful champion of wild life conservation the world has ever produced. He exposed the school of sham nature writers and drove them to cover under the stinging appellation of na- ture fakers. He encouraged by example, by influ- ence and by contributions the work of scientific natural history study. As President he established the principle of the United States Bird Reservations and by executive order created thirty-eight of these federal bird sanctuaries. As a hunter he taught the world lessons in straight, clean sportsmanship. T. Gilbert Pearson, the Secretary of the Audubon Society, who originated the idea, has been given the approval of Mrs. Roosevelt. It is understood that the most eminent sculptors in America will present plans for the fountain which when completed will be not only the most unique but one of the handsomest works of out-of-door art in the world. Its location will be decided upon later. A National Committee of nature lovers and sports- men has been formed to advance the project. Sug- gestions and subscriptions should be sent to Mr. Pearson at the offices of the Association, 1974 Broad- way, New York City. TO DOMESTICATE THE MUSK-OX- ■yHE return of Mr. Stefansson from the far north, ^ where he has done such splendid work in explora- tion and made so many discoveries of new lands and new people, is a matter for congratulation, not only to the Canadian Government that sent him out, but to all of us in the United States. What Mr. Stefans- son has done, the great distances that he has traveled, . the new islands and new animals that he has dis- covered have been told of briefly in the daily net^^s- papers and need not be repeated here. A matter of great interest to naturalists and hunters alike is the fact that in Isachsen Land he discovered a race of caribou, hardly more than half the size of the Barren Ground caribou of the Coppermine River country, which in its turn is much smaller than the animal of the woodlands, the one best known to American sportsmen. A matter of still wider interest is Mr. Stefansson’s announcement of a belief that the musk-ox may be domesticated, and may be reintroduced in portions of Northern Alaska. It is well understood by zo- ologists that at a point not very distant in time — perhaps within a hundred years — the musk-ox was found in some numbers on the west side of the Mac- kenzie River and Dr. R. M. Anderson, we believe, found among the Esquimaux living in Alaska a musk- ox robe still in use, which was reported to have been March, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 121 taken in Alaska by the father of the man who owned it and who sold it to Dr. Anderson. Mr. Stefansson is reported to have declared that the musk-ox is easily handled, that it can be driven by men on foot, and he believes that it would be prac- ticable to round up a herd of musk-oxen in the Barren Grounds and slowly and quietly drive them westward to a permanent range in Alaska. It is understood that one of the large owners of reindeer in Alaska purposes to try to arrange with the Canadian Government to exchange a large num- ber of reindeer for a much smaller number of wild musk-oxen. Reindeer in Alaska have thriven won- . derfully well and have greatly increased in numbers. There is no evident reason why they should not do as well to the east of the boundary lines as they have to the west, and if they do flourish in Canada they will provide to the people of that far northern country a domestic food animal of great value. So too if the musk-ox can be taken into Alaska and held there under domestication there is good reason to think that it will do well, will increase in numbers and will add to the resources of northern Alaska an important item of subsistence and a valuable fur. The matter is one of great interest. While there is perhaps no reason to suppose that the musk-ox in British America is likely immediately to become extinct, it is still true that its range is constantly contracting. It is an unsuspicious animal and easily killed ; and, notwithstanding the* effort made by the Canadian Government to protect it, its future is still uncertain. The experiment of domesticating it sug- gests great possibilities. * WILD ANIMALS OF NORTH AMERICA 'T'HE National Geographic Society has compiled in ^ book form two very interesting and authoritative articles that appeared in separate numbers of the National Geographic Magazine concerning the mammals of North America. Mr. Edward W. Nel- son, chief of the United States Biological Survey, has written introductory articles on both the larger and smaller mammals and a concise and accurate account of the habits and life histories of each species. Mr. Nelson is eminently fitted for the writ- ing of just such a work as he has spent a life-time in close study both in the field and in the laboratory j and is thoroughly conversant with his subject. The text is supplemented by 64 pages of illustrations in I color from original paintings by that inimitable artist-naturalist, Louis Agassiz Fuertes, which in ' itself lends distinction and credit to the work. It also contains numerous track sketches by Ernest I Thompson Seton, which are invaluable to the close I student of animal life. The whole makes a very impoi'tant book of reference and one that essentially belongs in the library of every sportsman and lover of wild life. It is available only through the offices of the National Geographic Society, Washington, D. C. We take great pleasure in bringing this book to the attention of our readers and heartily congratulate the National Geographic Society on the manner in which it has treated such an important subject. It is in line with the high standard of work produced by that society which has added so greatly to the increase and diffusion of geographic I knowledge throughout the world — treating the most comprehensive subjects in a manner that even a child can understand and with a charm and accuracy that stimulates the interest of the deepest student. ON BEHALF OF THE DOG "V^HEN hostilities ceased some 18,000 dogs were ^ on the western front, fighting to make the world unsafe for dachshunds. The Dog Owners’ Association of England, there- fore, says the Thrift Magazine, is planning to have diplomas awarded to dogs that distinguished them- selves as good soldiers during the war. This is a movement worthy of commendation for there are many things to be said in behalf of the dog. He is brave, honest and loyal. He is never a coward, a cheater or a liar. Even in the height of flea season he is a consistent optimist, not only looking on the bright side of life at all times, but possessing a happy sense of humor. He can grin, smile or laugh. He is a good fellow. He knows how to take a joke. You can hit him with your fist hard enough to jar his back teeth loose, and if you do it with a smile he will respond by laughing heartily with his tail. The dog is a real gentleman because he is equally at home in any company. It does not embarrass him even when thrown in the presence of persons he has never met before in a social way. With equal adaptability, he can romp with the children, go hunting with the big boys, or sit quietly at home with the old folks and help them mediate in their lonely hours. If bom in poverty and obscurity he will never desert those he loves and cherishes for gayer scenes or the blandishments of more affluent associates. Even the blind and helpless beggar, shivering on a windswept corner, knows his dog would not forsake him if all the millionaires in the world went parad- ing by with their arms fairly loaded with dog bis- cuits, raw bones and alley cats. It is pleasing to learn that the soldier dog is going to get a diploma. He will accept it with modesty and gratitude depicted in every wag of his tail. THE HILLS "T'HE hills have the power of ruling the mind. They have influenced men and civilizations from gen- eration to generation. They effect the thought; overawing us with power and appealing to our rev- erence. The higher we climb the everlasting hills, breathing their bracing air and enjoying the pan- orama of beauty beneath and beyond, the younger and stronger we feel, and the nearer to God and to heaven. There is that message in the mountain gloom and mountain glory which controls the spirit that comes under its influence. It will not be long now ere we bid farewell to the office, the shop, or the study. The time of exodus is approaching. The call of the hills cannot be de- nied. They call, and we must away! There is an affinity between souls and hills. They represent heights we ought to attain for man was made for the highlands. The hills call unto us to look away from all those things which oppress and blind us, and as we lift up our eyes to their purple summits, their beauty and brooding strength suggest a power and a peace, without which, life is as barren as the ribs of death. The hills carry us to the clouds; the clouds to the azure spaces of the skies; and the skies beyond to the stars, until our vision climbs the altar-stairs which, “Slope through darkness up to God.” 122 FOREST AND STREAM March, 1919 NOTES ON LONG ISLAND SHORE BIRDS SOME AUTHENTIC INFORMATION ON THE HABITS OF THESE RESTLESS DENIZENS OF MARSH AND MIRE BY J. T. NICHOLS The Krieker or Grass Snipe The Krieker is a medium sized or small shore bird, formerly more abundant than at present, though still found on our meadows in spring and fall in moderate numbers. It may be recognized by its dark, heavily streaked breast, contrasted with its white belly. It alights on mud flats or among the marsh grass and the members of a flock scatter and move about rather slug- gishly on the ground. Its notes are husky, only one of them approaching a whistle, kerr. A kerr note resembles the common flight call of the Semipalmated Oxeye, but is harsher, and a short chep, chep is sometimes heard when the birds are in flocks of their own kind. The Krieker does not respond well to de- coys. Individuals are frequently found in large flocks of the smaller Oxeyes, or associated with larger birds. The book name for this species is Pec- toral Sandpiper, an allusion to the habit of the male during its breeding season in the far north, of inflating its throat and breast like a pouter pigeon. In most shore birds, the females are materially larger than the males, but in this one the reverse is true, the males being larger. HE Natural History Depart- ment has been for nearly half a century a clearing-house for in- formation of interest to all. Our readers are invited to send any questions that come under the head of this department to Robert Cush- man Murphy, in care of Forest AND Stream. Mr. Murphy, who is Curator of the Department of Na- tural Science in the Brooklyn Museum, will answer through these columns. — [Editors.] Stilt Sandpiper or Green-Leg HOW well I remember an August morning several years a^o, when two of us started early enough be- fore dawn to cross the bay and have our snipe decoys set by sunrise along the marshes behind the beach doons. Or- dinarily this meant a prolonged wait for passing shore-birds in our blind of bushes, but on this day, even before the last decoy was placed, the flocks began to come in. In size, flight, and notes, the birds resembled so closely the Lesser Yellowleg, ordinarily the commonest large shore-bird along these marshes, that it was not until the first of them were in our hands that we realized we were dealing with another species, the Stilt Sandpiper. They came so rapidly that my companion’s bag-limit would have been shortly reached had he not ceased shooting them to signal out the few larger birds which were traveling in their company. This species is ordinarily uncommon, a few individuals only being found each year, often in flocks of the Lesser Yellow- leg, but occasionally, for no known rea- son, it occurs in large numbers. It has a Somewhat longer bill, shorter legs and darker colors than the Yellowleg, is a little smaller, and its legs are olive green instead of bright yellow. Its note re- sembles very closely the “whew” or “whew whew” of the other species, but is hoarser. Greater and Lesser Yellowlegs The two Yellowlegs are our common- est large shore-birds, tall, slender species, whose long yellow legs and white tails, flashing conspicuously when- ever they alight or take wing, will serve to differentiate them from the others. (continued on page 134) From mounted specimens. Courtesy of the American Museum of Natural History. Lesser Yellowleg, Greater Yellowleg, Krieker or Pectoral Sandpiper, and Stilt Sandpiper March, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 123 A LESSON IN FAITHFULNESS THE TATE OF A MAN AND HIS DOG ON THE LONELY, WINDSWEPT MARSHES OF THE CHESAPEAKE WHERE WILDFOWL FILL THE AIR WITH SWISH OF WINGS By A A. HUTTON A Chesapeake Bay dog in action The December moon, nearly full, and well risen, was pouring a flood of silver light down over the old city of An- napolis. A light snow, which had fallen the day be- fore, lay glistening on the roofs, along walls and in scant soiled ridges in the streets. The air was sharp and frosty, and off in the west there lin- gered a faint glow against which the bare branches of the trees showed in a lacy fret-work. Two men carry- ing guns and ac- companied by a dog, were walking briskly, along Duke of Gloucester street toward the bridge over Spa creek where the street terminates. They were bound for the shore of the bay where they hoped to find wild geese, the marshes along the Chesapeake being the haunt of many wildfowl at this season. These men had a hut on the shore a mile or two from the city, where they could have shelter at times while wait- ing for a chance at the birds, and this hut was their immediate destination. The man who owned the dog was Ned Hunter, his companion’s name was Jim Ryerson, and the dog himself was a splen- did specimen of a special breed known as “Chesapeake Bay dogs,” a large water- spaniel, bred expressly for this kind of sport. This dog, Tony by name, was the size and build of the ordinary Newfound- land, not over-large, and of a perfect dead grass color from the tip of his nose to the end of his tail. “We ought to be having good sport to- night,” remarked Jim as they struck the bridge. “It’s as clear as a bell.” “Yes,” replied Hunter, glancing up and down the wide creek, “but there’s lots of broken ice. A man on the wharf — came in a little while ago with Tibbs’ oyster pungj' — says the bay’s full of it.. How- ever, we’ll get ’em if we find ’em, won’t we, Tony boy?” Tony cocked an intelligent eye at his master and ambled along with a cheerful air. “That dog has never failed me yet,” con- tinued Ned; “he always brings in a shot bird.” “They do get lost sometimes, though, where no dog can find ’em,” said Jim. “Well, of course, one might drop too far out for him to see, but if Tony gets a bird he never lets go. I’ve known him to stay a half-hour out in broken ice, but he always brings in the bird if it’s there.” WITH such conversation they beguiled the way and were soon leaving the suburb on the opposite bank of the creek, and striking out into the open coun- try. Here there was more snow, crunching crisply underfoot, clinging in light masses to pine and cedar, and piled delicately on every weed and spray. Over all the magic radiance of moonlight. Here, the shad- ows sharp and dark upon the snow, beyond, along field and wood, by hollow and hill- side, soft mysterious gray and purple, and afar, growing clearer as they neared it, a line of silver that meant the bay. Soon the cabin they were bound for stood in full view, somewhat off the road, the path lead- ing to it curving on gently down a slope to the water’s edge. Over to the left lay a marsh, on the right the shore line ended abruptly in irregular, steep bluffs. “Here we are,” remarked Jim, and pres- ently they were inside the cabin which con- sisted of a single room with one window and a fireplace; and contained a few pieces of rough furniture. Hunter struck a match and lighted a lantern which he took down from a nail, placing it on the table, and beside it several parcels which he took from his coat pockets. ' “There,” he said, “that will do for later on when we have a fire. Now we are ready for action.” Extinguishing the lantern they stepped out into the moonlight again, and took the path down the slope. Skirting the marsh theV proceeded cautiously and some ten minutes later caught sight of birds at a little distance. “They’re getting up,” said Jim in a whisper, raising his gun. Both men fired at the same moment and three birds fell as the flock rose with a mighty whirr and were out of range be- fore J i m’s gun cracked again, vainly. “Bring ’em in, Tony,” said Ned and the dog sprang out on the frozen marsh, returning presently, d r a g- ging a great bird. He laid it at his master’s feet and plunged back again among the reeds. “S w a n,” said Ned, picking up the bird. “A whopper, isn’t he? Here comes Tony with another.” “The third one was only wounded,” said Jim; “there it is out on the ice fluttering along. We’ll lose that one, I reckon.” “Not much,” replied Ned. “The dog will get it. Here, Tony, go bring it in.” The dog just depositing the second bird, glanced up at his master, then following the direction of his hand toward the water, saw the fluttering bird and was off like a shot. The bird was on the broken ice in-shore, but as the dog ap- proached fluttered on and on, the dog pur- suing. The two men walked on down to the little strip of beach which eftded on the right at the foot of a bluff. Here they stood intently watching the chase, which drew farther and farther away until both dog and bird were finally lost sight of be- hind the bluff. Up and down they walked, talking while they waited. Twenty min- utes passed; a half-hour. “Where do you s’pose he is?” asked Jim at length. “Think he’s made shore below there?” ‘“He can’t make it for about six miles down,” replied Hunter. “I know this shore like my own back yard, and there isn’t a landing place except just this side the Ridge. He’ll come back this way if the current and wind aren’t too strong for him. The wind’s getting up.” He buttoned his coat up close to his throat, stuck his hands into his pockets, and again they tramped up and down. An- other half-hour passed, there was no sign of the dog and Ryerson was growing steadily more disgruntled. “Why the devil didn’t he give it up and come back ?” he grumbled. “Then we could have followed the birds up the marsh and had some sport. The chances are now he’ll never make shore. He’ll get swamped (continued on page 143) 124 FOREST AND STREAM March, 1919 A MEMORY AID 1 FOUND these verses in an English fishing paper and though they are by the well-known American angler, Fred Mather, they are unknown to me. Because of the information which they contain in an easily remembered form I am sending them to you. “The little-mouth has little scales, There’s red in his handsome eye. The scales extend on his vertical fins, And his forehead is round and high. “His forehead is round and high, my boys. And he sleeps the winter through; He likes the rocks in the summer time — Micropterus dolomieu. “The big-mouth has the biggest scales. And a pit scooped in his head; His mouth is cut beyond his eye. In which is nary a red. “In his eye is nary a red, my boys, But keen and well he sees; He has a dark stripe on his side — Micropterus salmoides.” L. H. C., Maine. A NEW FLY “DOPE” Last, summer while in camp I ran out of citronella, which I have al- ways used as a fly “dope.” The black flies were very bad and I tried as a sub- stitute some camphorated oil which was in my medicine kit. It worked very well and the odor would be more acceptable to some people than that of citronella. Personally, I like citronella but some dis- like the odor very much. I told of my discovery to a friend and he said that a camphor repellent is often used in other countries but that the oil is mixed with a little glycerine oil to make it thinner and more easily applied. C. R. Blount, Portland, Me. CLOTHING FOR WINTER SPORTS Many people like to get outdoors and enjoy the bracing air of winter. Unless one is properly clothed there is no pleasure in winter sports. I think there is no sadder sight than to see a man or woman trying to enjoy skiing or snow- shoeing, clad in garments that are in- sufficient protection against the cold. That is my reason for writing these hints as to proper clothes for outdoors in win- ter. A. Undb®wear. Wool is best. Hot or cold, wet or dry, it is in the long run most comfortable, and surest against sud- den chill. It is worn by explorers in the Arctic with no other garment but a windproof outer suit, and in the tropics in spite of the heat. But it is expensive — it cannot be had for less than $3.00 a garment. All cheaper contain cotton, and the fuzzy, thick “woolen” underwear at $1.00 to $2.00 contain so much cotton that it is better to wear ,thin all-cotton and save money and comfort. For the thicker a cotton shirt, the more chilly water it will hold, without holding in the heat of the body. Therefore, either get real wool or wear thin cotton under a good flannel outer shirt. E are depending upon the friends and admirers of our old correspondent Nessmuk to make this department worthy of his name. No man knew the woods better than Nessmuk or wrote of them with quainter charm. Many of his practical ideas on camping and “going light" have been adopt- ed by the United States Army; his canoe has been preserved in the Smithsonian Institution; and we hope that all good woodsmen will contribute to this department their Hints and Kinks and trail-tested contrivances. — Editors. B. Socks. Use thick “woolen” socks. Pure wool socks are almost unobtainable, but if one wears enough of the ordinary sort they’ll do. Three pair is the usual thing when on the trail. One pair will do in ordinary winter temperature, but the man who habitually wears only one pair will some time be desperately uncomfort- able, and may get frost bite. Carry an extra pair. C. Shoes. For skiing. With the usu- al binding a heavy boot with stiff sole is absolutely necessary. Nothing else will give the required control. Have the heel built or hollowed out so that the heel strap will not slip off. Get the shoe large enough to go over three socks. Oil fre- quently. For snoeshoeing, the rubber shoepac is best, because most waterproof. Any high moccasin will do. Boots with leather heels ruin the web of a snoeshoe. D. Mittens. Carry two pairs of woolen mittens and an unlined leather or cotton mitten big enough to go on over one of the woolens. One pair of woolens is a reserve, for one pair is nearly always wet through by noon. The leather or cotton mitten is worn over the woolen in extreme cold or cold wind, takes the wear of the ski-pole, and keeps the snow out of the weave of the woolen. In warmer con- ditions it can be worn without the woolen. If it can be fitted with a cuff to pull over the shirt sleeve it will save much discom- fort from intrusive snow. Gloves are too risky in low temperature — never take them. B. Shirt. Wear a good flannel shirt. If one buys of a reliable firm and pays about five dollars he should get satisfac- tion. Cheaper ones have too much cotton and tear too easily. It should have big pockets with button flaps. Heavy shirts, mackinaw or other, are too hot for most men, although there is something to be said for the combination of thin cotton underwear and a mackinaw shirt. F. Trousers. The ordinary khaki $2.00 trouser gives satisfaction for winter work, when woolen underwear is worn. It is windproof, dries quickly, wears well, and sheds snow. Any old trouser will do, of course, but it is apt to lack at least three of these qualities. Army style breeches look smarter, but have no other advantage for winter wear. They are apt to be chilly where they fit closely. Those who wear cotton underwear may prefer the part wool trousers, such as those much used by loggers, to be had at any country store. G. Outer Garments. The outer gar- bent for winter sports should keep out wind and shed snow. Cotton does both. Ordinary woolen materials do neither. A sweater is a sieve to a bitter wind ; snow sticks to it and melts. European ski-run- ners use a coat of close-woven cotton. Alaskans use the parka, a loose outer shirt of canvas or denim. An ordinary khaki coat will serve. The mackinaw coat is too heavy to carry. In still air, no matter how cold, no thick outer gar- ment is needed as soon as one is fairly under way, provided a woolen shirt is worn. The coat or wind-shirt will often be worn in the pack, and on short trips may be left behind. The sweater is need- ed only for long stops in extreme cold and at night. An extra flannel shirt is often used as the outer garment and serves fairly well. H. Head Covering. Some ear protec- tion must always be ready. The woolen helmet is sufficient for most conditions. Toques or skating caps are too scant and too loose in the weave. Several health hints may be worth sug- gesting. Beware of frost bite. If the face looks white in one spot is is probably March, 1919 * FOREST AND STREAM 125 frozen. Do not rub with snow, is so ■often suggested. The tender skin may be broken and a bad sore result. Rub gently with the bare hand or apply soft snow very gently with a light patting motion. Keep away from heat and avoid sitting close to the fire when in camp. Second only to frost bite is the danger of eye-strain, or “snowblindness,” caused by the glare of the sun on the dazzling snow. It is very uncomfortable and is sometimes the cause of lasting trouble. Pale amber glasses cut out the irritating rays and interfere with vision much less than do the old-fashioned smoked glasses former- ly in use. N. L. Goodrich, New Hampshire. HOW I CAUGHT A SWARM OF BEES ONE warm summer evening I saw a swarm of bees buzz through the air. As I watched it carefully, it seemed to have alighted at a point not very far from where I stood. Immediately I went in search ; and was delighted to find that the swarm had settled on a branch of an apricot tree, about ten feet above the ground. It appeared in shape and size exactly like an ovoid punching bag. The bees were apparently asleep, for hardly one was seen flying, and the majority were not even stirring. Although I knew very little about the bee-hive psychology, I pondered on the ways and means to capture this. Finally I decided to try an impromptu formula. Having returned home, I equipped my- self with sting-proof armour like a knight of old on the eve of battle: First. I tied the bottoms of my trousers with strings, a la mandarin, to prevent any flank attack from this quarter; next I put on a heavy overcoat and two pairs of gloves; and, lastly, I helmeted the top-piece with a broad rimmed sombrero, shrouding it with a mosquito net, the ends of which I tucked away between the lapels of the overcoat. Thus attired I felt myself in\mlnerable. In the way of weapons, I took a smudge pot, a prun- ing saw, a ladder, a rope about twenty feet long, a box about 2x3x1 feet open on one of the broad sides, and another box about 2x1x1 feet with a one-inch hole in one corner. I also took a friend to assist me. Having reached the war zone, I first carefully adjusted the ladder opposite the bees, and tied one end of the rope to the branch on which the swarm hung, and swung the rest of the rope over another branch just above so that, when the bee branch was cut, it would swing from this high branch, thus minimizing the disturbance, and I let my friend hold the other end of the rope. This ar- rangement being finished, I began to saw. Some of the bees seemed angry at being disturbed and attacked me; but being well-protected, I soon finished the job. The whole swarm now swung loose on the rope, which my friend slow- ly lowered to the ground. I took the larger box and quickly had them cov- ered. It was all buzzing and turmoil in- side, as they crashed into each other in the darkness. Next I set the smaller box close by, and made a kind of hall-way from the large box to the one inch hole in the small one. Then lighting the smudge pot, I pumped smoke into the large box from the other side. Soon the bees, seeing the escapeway from the smoke by way of the hallway, began to migrate into the small box. It was a long job to transfer the whole swarm, as the bees slowly moved across in double and triple files, like sheep going into a cattle car. But the job was done; the swarm was a captive in a neat little box. , T. Takai, Seattle, Wash. WHICH IS YOUR GOOD EYE? Almost all persons^, with few excep- tions, have at least one eye which doesn’t see straight. A good many rifle shots wonder why they invariably shoot either to one side or the other, when they know they have been aiming directly at an object. This is because they use but one eye. For instance, if they use their right eye to aim with, they shut their left and vice versa. If they have been shoot- ing off the mark, it is quite evident in nine cases out of ten that the eye they were using is their poor eye. Trap shooters have discovered that if they use both eyes at once this tendency to shoot off the mark is lessened as the- focus is apparently corrected. A method of testing to find which eye is the good eye is to stand facing an ob- ject, say a bird, tree or similar object if out doors, a light, picture, etc., if in doors, and pointing/ steadily at it with one finger, the arm being outstretched and both eyes open, alternately close each eye. It will be found that, when aiming with the good eye, the finger will be dead on the mark, whereas, if it should be the poor eye, the finger will be pointing several inches to one side. Frank M. Harth, New York. TRAP FOR MOLES A CORRESPONDENT recently in- quired the best method of trapping moles. This little animal is seldom trapped in this country, but in France there are still trappers who make a specialty of their capture for the sake of the skins. The best mole trap is the old-fash- ioned one still used by professional mole catchers. A hazel wand is stuck in the ground and bent over to form a spring for the trap, which is made thus: The lid is a small piece 6f ash (6x3x14 in.) with a hole in each comer, in which are inserted the ends of two pieces of split hazel, bent so as to form an arch at each end of the trap just wide enough for a mole to pass through when it is set in the run. A piece of thin brass wire is then inserted in such a way as to form a noose at each end, pressed close against the wooden arches and con- nected with a bit of whipcord, one end of which is attached to the hazel wand, and the other brought down through a hole in the lid for attachment to the brass wire. This hole .must be large enough to allow the knot at the end of the cord to pass through it, and it is then held in its place by a very small piece of wood, called the trigger, shaped like an inverted A. This plugs the hole and prevents the knot from slipping through until the mole pushes against it on passing through the trap. As soon as the trigger is displaced the upward spring of the hazel wand pulls up the wire noose, which holds the mole firmly against the under side of the lid and kills it. A little study and experiment will probably enable the reader to eon- struct a trap along these lines. J. C. T., Boston. 126 FOREST AND STREAM March, 1919 * OREGON TRAILS To the Editor of Forest and Stredvm: WE have a splendid hunting and out- ing country out here which a great part of the world appears to have never found in its ramblings. We have one of the best game counties in the U. S. for deer and bear — Coos County, Oregon, and some of the finest salmon, salmon-trout and brook-trout fishing to be found. To illustrate, last fall I caught over a ton of fine Chinook and Silverside salmon on one 35c salmon troll attached to a 60c line — not much class for tackle but it certainly brought results. We Hoover- ized by salting and sending it to friends and relatives who are begging us to go again this year. I should like to tell your readers about the many pleasant and interesting trips I have taken here in the great fir and spruce forests after deer and bear, or on the sea shore after the beautiful agates which are abundant and can be found after sea fishing has filled the camp larder with the many varieties that live along our coast. It is a pleasure to have the inside office man get a breath of the woods and sea that has grown to( be my chief pastime and play ground. Ashley L. Houghton, Ore. ARDENT SPORTSMEN To the Editor of Forest and Stream : ' I ‘HE Reverend Felix O’Neil, pastor of A our local Catholic church, and an ardent sportsman, ‘recently shot and killed a full-grown specimen of Canadian lynx, or bob-cat. It is the first ever seen in this vicinity so far from its home; hundreds have viewed it. I should say it weighed 65 to 75 pounds. Its mouth and feet indicate years of growth — front legs the size of a man’s wrist — a beauti- ful cat, but I would let it howl before I would get up in the night and sub- due it. Your old sporting editor, Bernard Wa- ters, and my humble self were brought up, or grew, on adjacent farms in Can- terbury, Conn., as kids, schoolmates and chums. Later I had to go out in the world and hustle and lost track of Ber- nard only to hear of his death twenty years later. My schoolbooks are full of drawings of dogs by him — always dogs — and I can remember the first two hound pups a man in Jewett City gave him, and that was his start. I could tell you how we boys, wanting to go hunting one day, ran a lot of his father’s blasting powder through an old coffee mill to adapt it to his old smooth bore. C. W. CoMiNS, Connecticut. This letter from Mr. Comins is of great interest to us, as we were great admirers of the late Bernard Waters, and were LETTERS, . QUESTIONS AND ANSWEi warm friends. He was a remarkable character — very peculiar in some re- spects, hut he had a large number of very devoted fmends. — [Editors.] SAVING THE GAME BIRDS To the Editor of Forest and Stream : OWING to the scarcity of Game Birds in Connecticut 'this year, it seems quite sure that the Legislature may pass a law for a close season. From my own experience, I am thor- oughly convinced it is not the hunters that are killing off our native grouse nearly so much as it is the vermin. Old trappers and hunters tell me that there are more skunks, hawks, owls and coons this year in Connecticut than they ever remember, and my object in writing to you is to get copies of your magazine, in which you have published articles, showing that by the extermination of vermin, and possibly the planting of the late bearing berry buehes or apple trees, that our game birds have materially in- creased, wherever this has been done. All of my shooting friends and myself feel that if a law could be passed, which would put a large enough bounty on all kinds of vermin, our native game birds would be plentiful again, afid we think that it may be wise, after further study, to send out reprints of all the articles that have appeared in your magazine to all sportsmen in the State, and make them realize that if some thing is not done at once our native game birds will be only a memory. Charles Sheirwood, Conn. We most thoroughly agree with your opinion that vermin destroy more game birds than do sportsmen, and legislation aimed at the destruction of skunks, hawks, crows and owls is the best method of saving the game. We ate glad to publish your opinion in Forest and Stream, for it is only by an exchange of views on this subject that public interest is aroused. [Editors.] A. C. A. NOTES To the Editor of Forest and Stream : IT is my intention to bring before the next meeting of the Executive Com- mittee certain changes in the Constitu- tion and By Laws relative to removals and expulsions of officers or members of the American Canoe Association. I therefore would appreciate it if you would publish in the next issue of your paper the following proposed changes: Amend Article XIII of the Constitu- tion, t^ird and fourth lines, by striking out the words “Executive Committee” and substituting “Board of Governors.” Amend Chapter XII of the By Laws by striking out the 6th, 7th and 8th lines and that portion of the 9th line including the word “held,” and substituting there- fore “two-thirds of all the members of the Board of Governors,” adding in ad- dition the following sentence — “Any per- son may be dropped from the list of mem- bers by an affirmative vote of two-thirds of the members of the Board of Govern- ors if in their opinion the best interests of the Association will be served there- by. This would make the whole Article read as follows: “Chapter XII. — Expulsion. — Any member who is guilty of ungentlemanly conduct, or disobeying the rules or orders of the Association, or any of its oflBcers or committees, or of racing for money, shall be liable and may be expelled from the A. C. A. by the affirmative vote of two-thirds of all the members of the Board of Governors, but a copy of the charges and proof shall be sent to the person proposed to be expelled, and he shall have twenty days to file his answer and proofs with the Commodore. The charges, answers and proofs, in full, shall be laid before the members of the Board of Governors. Any person may be dropped from the list of members by an affirmative vote of two-thirds of the members of the Board of Governors* if in their opinion the best interests of the Association will Ije served thereby. In case the Commodore is the person pro- posed to be expelled, the duties in this chapter assigned to him shall be per- formed by the Vice-Commodore of the Division in which the Commodore re- sides.” Oscar J. West, Commodore, A. C. A. AN INVITATION To the Editor of Forest and Stream : I HAVE just finished reading my Jan- uary number of Forest and Stream, and wish to express to you the real pleas- ure I get out of reading your magazine. I discovered Forest and Stream only about a year ago, but have since become a regular member of your family. I enjoyed the writing about “Night Shining Amid Florida Swamps,” by Thomas Travis, Chaplain, A.E.F., very much, for I have many times in the six- teen years of my life in Florida en- joyed just such a night hunt. I am reading with much interest, “The Gulf Rangers,” by W. Livingston Lamed, for twice I have had the pleasure and March, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 127 thrill of a trip among the islands on our west coast, and many times a hunt in the Big Cypress and Everglades. I returned only two weeks ago from a trip to the Big Cypress where we got plenty of deer and turkey and I enclose a small print of a nine-point buck we were able to bring home intact, my lit- tle son, Leslie Jr., is holding him by the horns. Florida abounds with fresh water lakes filled with black bass, and I would in- vite the readers of Forest and Stream to come here for a winter puting. L. B. Anderson, Florida. A RABBIT SKIN BLANKET To the Editor of Forest and Stream : 1 WOULD like to have some further information about making rabbit skin blankets and as you published a short article about them some months ago, I am in hopes you can give it. Recently I wrote to another mag- azine, but the only informa- tion they could give was practically the same that was published in Forest AND Stream some months ago. I would like to know several things about the blankets and they are these : 1. Are they made from a certain kind of a rabbit or are they made from any kind of rabbit skins? 2. Will you describe how they are made in such a way that any one reading the article can make one himself? 3. Where can one buy these blankets or quilts and what is the best size? “An Old Friend.” Rabbit skin blankets are made from the skin of the snowshoe rabbit. The pelt ^ is tanned — some prospectors only rub alum on them — and then trimmed to the shape of a square. It takes about 200 hides to make a good size blanket. These hides are then sewed together, generally by the squaws who live near the Hudson Bay stations, into rectangular shape, about seven feet long by six wide. Two Hudson Bay Company’s four-point wool blankets are then placed one upon each side of the rabbit skin and stretched while the rabbit skin is allowed to remain as loose as possible. The edge is strongly sewn all around. This is said to make the warm- est bed a man can get. This is the white- man’s method of making the blanket. The redskin prefers to cut his rabbit skin in a long strip commencing at the edge (after trinvming legs, heat, etc.) and cutting in a circle to the center. Strips are cut about an inch in width, then the squaw stretches it from tree to tree until diry. When several are pre- pared they are sewn together end on end like old fashioned carpet rags, until a sufficient length is obtained, when the squaw proceeds to weave them into a blanket, somewhat like a basket weave. A variation of this method is a sort of knitting stitch in which the strip is threaded by thumb and finger through the preceding row of loops. The redskin cuts his blankets about four feet square and stretches them same as the other way when sewing to- gether. We do not see how he manages to keep warm in his little blanket; per- haps he wants an extra light pack and so will forego a little warmth. A blanket built the first way will weigh about 25 pounds and makes a nice pack for a good-sized dog on a hunting or prospect- ing trip. The Indian method makes a much lighter blanket, but it is much less durable. We doubt if one could purchase such a blanket, although it might be done through one of the Hudson Bay Com- pany’s posts. It is likely that any kind of rabbit skin would make a good blanket. It might be worth trying if one could get enough skins. [Editors.] thicken it somewhat and prevent its speedy evaporation. Glycerine is a heavy liquid and absorbs water upon exposure and thus prevents the mixture from evaporating. To keep it from spoiling, preserve it with some bichloride of mercury, dissolve in a little warm water. Allow this dope to stand a few days, shake it up and scatter a few drops on weeds or ground some 8 of 10 inches back of the place you select for your trap. A number 4 newhouse is about right size for this varmint. Con- ceal your trap very well — if possible near a cougar trail. Don’t forget to smear some of the mixture on your gloves or shoes to conceal the human odor. If you want a very speedy and effec- tive method of removing cougar in dou- ble quick time, by all means use dogs. For dogs, a pack of 6 foxhounds and 3 full-blood Airedales makes an ideal com- bination for this sport. The Airedale is the scrap- piest thing on four legs and proves a dangerous foe. L. S. R. nine-point buck from the Florida Big Cypress TRAPPING COUGARS To the Editor of Forest and Stream: A LLOW me to present my wishes for ■CA a happy and prosperous New Year, with success to Forest and Stream. Mr. C. E. Cherry, of: Arizona, desires some information on mountain lion trap- ping. I enclose herewith a few “secrets” of my beloved granddaddy, who was a hunter and trapper of no mean ability. He saw service with the Hudson Bay Company and was a government trapper in the Yellowstone National Park where these critters are a real menace to game. In the first place, Mr. Cougar (or mountain lion), as he is usually called, is an extremely wary critter and a great rambler. If you have caught one cougar proceed as follows: Remove the whole anal part of the animal, or better still (if you know some anatomy) and know where to find the gall and anal glands — remove these and mix with the ani- mal’s urine. By the way, these glands lie on either side of the vent and look like small pieces of bluish fat. Place this concoction in a bottle and use one^- quarter the amount of glycerine to To the Editor of Forest and Stream: IN your January number Mr. Cherry of Arizona wants information about trapping lions that are get- ting the deer. My method of trapping these varmints is as follows: I take a trail to center of a thicket, there I hang a freshly killed rabbit about five inches from the ground and directly over the trail. I run my knife through the rabbit’s lungs and pull down to make blood flow. Now I set two No. 4% traps in trail, about ten feet apart, on either side of rabbit, and bed them down. Brush out all sign. Mr. Lion is not a bit afraid of human scent. A sbt of this kind is nearly al- ways sure to catch him. If he does not step on pan coming over, do not be un- easy, because he is sure to back up a few feet and crouch. You will get him sure this move. I hope this will help to end Mr. Cher- ry’s troubles. R. J. L., Iowa. To the Editor of Forest and Stream : Why do rabbits have such a large bunch of white fur at the end of their tails which makes such a conspicuous mark for the hunter and dog? I think Nature designed it purely as a protection for the young. When the mother and young are feeding and she hears or sees danger approaching she stamps the ground with her feet and runs to the safest place she knows. The young immediately' follow her white flag through the darkest of places. I have often seen the flash of her white tail on real dark nights and I have no doubt the little rabbits have no difficulty in follow- ing her to places of safety T. C. Homiller, Washington, D. C. 128 Forest and stream March, 1919 THE LOOKOUT’S WATER TANK To the Editor of Forest and Stream: 1AM sending you a photo of the method we used to pack a large water tank, 14 miles by trail, up to a lookout station called, “Stormy Lookout,” in the Chelan National Forest. Where the trail was full of switch backs, we packed the tank on a horse and when we came to a straight piece of trail we hauled it on s h a 1 V e s . The tank weighed 125 lbs. and held 300 gallons of water. It is filled the first of July when the lookout first goes on duty and it usually keeps until the middle of September, when he leaves. The average fire season is July and August. It took three men four days to pack this tank up to the top of Stormy Moun- tain, an elevation of 7,219 feet above sea level. C. H. Foster, Washington. , TITLE OF SPORTSMAN To the Editor of FOREST and Stream: T N these days the term “sportsman” is often applied quite indiscriminately to any person who procures a rod or gun and goes in pursuit of game. Some there may be, even, who do not know that in olden times this title had to be won by certain well defined qualifications. In days not long past the title of a “Scot- tish sportsman” could not be claimed until a person had secured a wild swan, as well as a stag, an eagle, a seal, and a salmon. J. P. H., New Jersey. FROM AN OLD SUBSCRIBER To the Editor of Forest and Stream: I have 13 bound volumes of Forest and Stream, beginning in 1874, Volumes 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 14, 15, 18, 19. Do you know of anyone that would like to purchase some? J. B. Pardoe, N. J. RETROSPECT AND PROSPECT To the Editor of Forest and Stream : J ET us all try to make our streams ■E' pleasanter places, and make trout fishing the most gentlemanly and sports- manlike pastime." — VIRGINIUS. More than one beautiful thing rose be- fore the inward eye as I read, “Fish- ing by the Friendly Fireside,” in your January issue. Perhaps there are those who would call such an article senti- mental; and the author of it, a vision- ary. Fortunately, however, he does not hand over the fairest moments and moods of life to that mixture of irresponsible feeling and unprofitable emotion that sentimentalism connotes. Life is not only enlarged and refreshed by going forward: it is enlarged and refreshed al- so by going backward. Never mind what the old song says about “Once in the dear dead days beyond recall.” The dear days are not dead — they never die. They come back to us again and again. The truth is, the dearer they were as we lived through them the more fresh and vivid is their companying with us again. Many years ago there was placed in my hands a little volume, the title of which was “Lorna Doone.” Once each year I open .its covers and give myself over to the c^pipanionship of John Ridd. He has shown me the Bagworthy River, and very graciously introduced me to the maid he loved. Angling surely cast its spell over this stalwart hero. It has surprised me that the poor fellow was never criticised for using a spear with w'hich to catch his roaches and trout. Make no mistake about it; he used it with consummate skill, and never left one to rot upon the bank. To the right, on top of one of my book-cases are six splendid rods. There, too, are reels, lines, leaders and files. What a comfort it is to take them down and look them over! This little four- ounce rod swiftly despatched a pounder in swift water. That “five and a half ouncer” was steadfast and true while struggling in a brushy backwater^ with a trout that would not obey I am back again at the side of my favorite stream. No doubt it is frozen from bank to bank by this time. But I am living over the August days. What rod will be chosen to begin? With trem- bling hands the slender lengths are jointed, reel fitted and leader stretched. But here is the problem — which fly? One thing is certain: only one fly — wet or dry — will grace the delicate cast. But why call to remembrance that experi- ence which is so agonizing, yet delight- ful? After all, it was a Spent Gnat! Then carefully the way is made to the pool beneath yonder spreading tree! . . . I did not know him, and the unchar- itable question arose: “What right had he fishing my stream?” Nothing was left but to sit down and watch him. He used the finest tackle and knew how to manipulate rod and line, for his fly lighted like thistle-down upon the am- ber - colored sur- face. Nor did he have long to wait before his fly was sucked below and the fight was on. It took but a few minutes before the trout was landed: a sixteen incher ! Turning, he noticed me and came and sat down by my side and talked the matter over. He said, “I have heard of you. They told me I should find you up here.” For an hour or more we sat to- gether rejoicing in the beauty and freedom of the open, forgetting the crowded marts; content that nature should have her way with us. His favorite rod was a cork-handled, all- bamboo of three and one-half ounces. The reel light, and held a fine tap- ered line, size C. The fly — a Pink Lady. He never used but one, and when he lost a fish he seemed to re- joice. I found that he came to the woods to recuperate, for deep waters had gone over his soul. Quietly he spoke of his “golden boy” now resting in Flan- der’s Field. “Nature and God,” he re- marked, “have the healing touch.” Thus did I meet an angler; a man reverent and religious. He studied to be quiet. We took that day eighteen trout, and returned to the valley as the sun was sinking behind the distant hills. In retrospect are these words writ- ten. Spring and summer are yet to come. We are all looking forward to the time when the first cast will be made and the first prize landed. As we go fortlT let us remember what was done amiss in the year that is no more, and resolve to attain unto the true spirit of an angler. “0, sir, doubt not but that angling is an art.” Rev. James A. Fraser, N. Y. To the Editor of Forest and Stream : I HAVE just learned that at one of our division meets the displaying of a Vice-Commodore’s flag by an ex-Vice- Commodore caused some comment. On October 26, 1901, the Executive Committee passed resolutions amending the By-Laws with regard to cap insig- nia of ex-Commodores. I am suggest- ing something exactly similar for the flags and also cap insignia for all officers and not simply ex-Commodores. Packing water up “ Stormy Lookout ” March, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 129 Will you kindly publish this letter and the following amendments to the By- Laws in the next issue of Forest and Stream ? Chapter V (Page 16 of 1917 Year Book). Add the following paragraph: The flags of ex-oflScers to be the same as those of active officers except that they shall have the year of office shown in numerals not less than one inch high along the hoist of each flag. Chapter X. Add to paragraph of res- olutions passed October 26, 1901 (page 18 of 1917 Year Book) : That worn by other ex-officers shall be the same as by respective active officers except that the year of office shall be shown below the insignia. Oscar S. Tyson, Rear-Commodore, Atlantic Div., A.C.A. ANYBODY ELSE? T 0 the Editor of Forest and Stream : a fishing trip early this fall I N-' had a somewhat strange experience. It was at Dickie’s Lake, which is situated in Hastings County, Ontario. While trolling for lake trout I found that when a fish was taken from the water it made a strange moaning sound, somewhat like the cooing of a dove, but not quite so loud. It was a little uncanny, and did not add to the sport. Mr. Bruce Powers, of Trenton, was with me and he stated that he had heard the sound before from the fish in this lake. The fish were much darker in color than is usual in the lake trout and would weigh two to three pounds. I would like to know if any other fishermen have had similar experience. W. R. Wood, Canada. Personally we have never heard the coo of a fish, and can shed no light on the incident; but we hope that some other sports- man who may have had experience with vocal fishes will now dare to speak up. — [Editors.] A RAINBOW 'CHASER To the Editor of Forest and Stream : WHILE reading your periodical from time to time I often notice a story of a “catch.” However, I do not see very many from Montana, although we are proud to say there are many fine places for fishing in our State. On July 9th, I caught, so far as there is any record of, the largest rainbow trout ever caught in the State. Taking this into consideration thought perhaps you could use a picture of it. , You know those hot days, when the cement walks bum through your shoes, and heat waves curl up from the pave- ment, which makes a fellow wish he was standing waist deep in some cool mountain stream, puffing his jimmy pipe, and casting his fly out on the riffles. July 9th was just such a day and it didn’t take long to persuade two of my friends, Bish and Seph, that they needed to have an outing the next day. Filling the tank with gas and oil we left Billings at 7:30 p. m. headed for the second bridge over the Boulder River, 105 miles west. By midnight we had covered more than 80 miles of the trip, so decided to camp on Deer Creek for the night. Our cook kit was brought into use early the next morning and after a breakfast of ham, eggs and cof- fee, such as can only be made over a camp fire, we proceeded to the “Second Bridge.” The Boulder River is one of the many beautiful and picturesque trout streams in Montana, and one would feel well re- paid for the long trip, such as we took for one day’s fishing, even though he did not have trout for dinner the next day, but he is indeed a poor fisherman who cannot batch a mess in a day’s fish- ing on the Boulder in July. All three of us had qualified as being fair fishermen by 4:30 in the afternoon, as we had from 25 to 40 trout each. We w’ere to meet at the bridge at five to start back and while hurrying to some good looking riffles a short distance down the river, I was regretting that we had only a half hour to fish. I waded out into the river and cast into a riffle just below a rock, and my heart almost stop- ped beating as a big one came half way out of the water with my fly. I gave a quick jerk, and the fun had started. Being in quite deep water I had all I could do to stay on my feet and keep Mr. Trout from getting a start in the swift current, as I knew if that hap- pened he would tear loose or break my tackle. I managed to work back into more shallow water, and at last he showed signs of giving up. I tried to bring him into a shallow place, but suddenly reviving he would dart back into the swift current. This was re- peated four or five times, but finally he failed to make a “last stand” and I pulled out onto the sloping bank a beau- tiful rainbow trout, the largest I hadf ever seen. When weighed some half hour later the scales registered 10 lbs. 2 oz. He measured 29 inches in length and 17% inches around. We were late in getting into Billings on our return as we had to stop in Big Timber and Columbus to show our big one. Although many large trout have been taken from the Boulder and Still- water rivers, I believe this one was the biggest by several ounces of any rain- bow trout caught in this section of the country. I have told many stories of the big ones which get away but now I can tell of the big one which I caught, and as proof, which is always necessary to make a fish story convincing, I can show him — mounted. H. M. Easton, Montana. DOGS AND SKUNKS To the Editor of Forest and Stream : IN answer to a question asked by Dr. Thomas Travis in an article by him in the January number of your very in- teresting paper, permit a woman to say she has a solution to the problem, not her own, however, but that given her by an old trapper whose word was “the go,” where he was known. Mr. Travis’s question was this: “Will some old veteran trapper tell me of his experience?” — in skunk hunting, why sometimes men, and in particular some dogs can handle these creatures without getting scented; or in other words, why does the skunk sometimes fail to act. The contents of this scent-sack was given him for a weapon with which to defend himself, and sometimes he does not use it. Why? There could be several reasons “why,” known to the skunk alone, but there is one fact that settles the matter whether the skunk “wills” it or not, and it is this: The skunk must be able to get his hind feet on the ground or pressed against some object, firmly, or he cannot bring the muscles that control the scent-bag into action. The dog may know this and again, he may not. His “knowledge” or “wis- dom” of these subjects is a very interesting study. I have been under the im- pression since childhood — for 25 year s — that all sportsmen and trappers knew the “pole-cat” from a to z, and I’m glad to tell something that was freely made known to me. I am a natural born lover of Nature, and when the opportunity comes for a ramble over hill and vale, I grasp it with enthusiasm. I certainly do enjoy hunt- ing— not so much big game — got more of that than I’d bargained for once over in the “Bad Lands” of N. D. — but “Mol- lie and Jack” for me! I’d be out after them today, but my hubby is gone to the Gulf for a few weeks’ stay and I’ve promised to stay at home until his re- turn, so I shall roam over the vast plains of the West; the swamp of the South; the arid lands of the “Border”; the snow-clad butts of the cedar-scented North, with my “thought companions” of Forest and Stream, until I am frel again. A. B. C., Indiana. (SEVERAL LETTERS ARE HELD OVER) 130 FOR E S T A X D S T R E A M March, 1919 TAKEAKAMPKOOK on/out FISHINCTRIP Good hot coffee and a tasty lunch ready in less time than it takes to gather wood for an ordinary camp fire. No delay, no fuss or trouble when you use an AMERICAN KAMPKOOK The ideal camp stove for tourists and all who hunt, fish or go camp- ing. Has two burners. Burns gaso- line. Folds securely into steel case when not in use. Set up and going in two minutes. Not affected by wind. Simple, substantial, safe. Also sold with KAMPOVEN for broiling and baking. Sold by sporting goods and hard- ware dealers. Write for attractive literature. American Gas Machine Co. 807 Clark St. Albert Lea, Minn. Size, folded, 141,4x8x3^ inches. Weight, 8 pounds. TTEALTHY, vigorous competi- -*■ tion of life in the open made America’s soldiers supple, self- reliant and keen-witted. “Out- door life did it’’ and canoeing is chief among sports that furnish both pleasure and health. The “01dTown’’is the Master Canoe. Buoyant, yet staunch, trim and natty in appearance, speedy and safe. Ask to see the unsinkable “Sponson Model.’’ your dealer’s or write for catalog. OLD TOWN CANOE CO. 893 4th St. Old Town, Maine Sport! THOMAS The Thomas hand made split bamboo fishing rod has been perfected to meet both the all around and the various special requirements of the modern angling sport. Made of the finest bamboo, light, resilient, perfectly jointed and balanced. In the Thomas rod the acme of perfection has been obtained. Send for our interesting booklet. THOMAS HOD COMPANY, 117 Exchange St., Bangor, Me. AMD EIFLEMEM THE TYRO’S PRIMER CERTAIN TERMS, PHRASES AND IDIOMATIC EXPRESSIONS USED BY MILITARY RIFLEMEN ARE DEFINED AND EXPLAINED By CAPTAIN ROY S. TINNEY, Associate Editor of FOREST AND STREAM (CONTINUED FROM LAST MONTH) The rifle must be held firmly with the butt-plate pressed snugly in the hollow of the shoulder. Do not place the butt against the shoulder- point or the biceps of the arm, this is, unfortunately, a common error and causes the painful bruises so often sus- tained by soldiers and trap-shots, who fire a large number of cartridges in a short time. The old injunction “hold her tight’’ is good advice, providing it is not overdone, for too much pressure is just as fatal to accuracy as a loose, sloppy grip on the piece. Hold the butt in the hollow of the shoulder with a firm, even pressure that does not vary from shot to shot and “ride the recoil” by permitting the shoulder to move back- ward a short distance as the gun speaks. In this way one avoids all injury and punishment, and secures accurate con- sistent shooting. FLINCHING This is an involuntary, nervous -twitch of the shoulder muscles that occurs just as the trigger is “eased off” or, I regret to say, “pulled” in many j instances, and renders utterly worth- less the best trained and most experi- enced men. This vicious malady is caused by three things; not holding the gun properly, using a stock that does not fit you, or firing an overloaded weap- on. The shooter’s shoulder soon becomes one great, throbbing bruise; every shot is simply so much added agony and, as it is only human to fear that which hurts and injures, a man soon finches in an- ticipation of the coming punishment. The best way to cure “flinching” is not to contract it; therefore, do not fire heavy ammunition until you are fully instructed as to the proper method of holding your gun. I THE SLING Most people think the sole office of the sling is to assist in carrying the weapon, while in reality that use is merely a by-product; as the real purpose of the strap is to steady the gun at the instant of firing and re- duce the effect of the recoil by making it possible to hold the butt firmly into the hollow of the shoulder with the even, consistent pressui’e that is re- quired. There is just one safe rule to follow: Learn to use the sling correctly and then tise it — at all times and in all positions. The old service slinc; was made of leather, cumbersome to carry, stiff to use and difficult to adjust, also a leather strap has a nasty habit of not staying where it is “put” and after a few shots is prone to slip out of position and' cause trouble. The new web strap now issued to our boys has cured all these annoy- ing difficulties and for civilan use pos- sesses the added virtue of costing much less than the “bit of bullhide” formerly used. To adjust the sling loosen the lower part to its full extension as a single strap, then lengthen the larger, or up- per loop until it comes opposite the comb of the stock. The average Tyro will loudly proclaim that the sling is “so tight,” but experience will soon show him that this measurement is correct for a man of average build and need only be slightly lengthened or shortened to suit the anatomy of the individual. After you have become thoroughly ac- customed to the use of the sling, make a mark on the under side of your rifle stock giving the length that is “right” for you. To put the sling on the left arm, hold the gun in the right hand by seizing the weapon at the grip and resting the heel against the groin ; pass the fingers of the left hand into the large loop with an inside hooking motion so the arm will enter this loop from the right side, as shown in the illustration. Bring the loop up well into the armpit and shove the keeper firmly home above the biceps, and see to it that the sling stays there; if it slips down toward the elbow the value of the sling is lost. I would sug- gest you see to it that the keeper fits the strap smugly so it will hold the loop firmly against the left arm and it is good idea to sew a piece of small rope around the sleeve of your shooting coat to keep the sling up where it belongs. Slide the left hand well out under the rifle, all the way up to the forward swivel, and be very careful that the for- ward part of the stock rests upon the palm of the left hand, and is not sup- ported by the fingers, which should be placed firmly about the wood covering the barrel. Always remember the sling must pass around the right side of the left wrist and if the pressure causes pain, just slip a heavy, lined glove on the left hand, like we bugs do. .Also remember that the left hand has just one job to do, hold, firmly and consist- ently. Until a man can adjust his sling readily rnd use it with comfort, he should not be permitted to fire a shot. March, 1919 131 FOREST AND S T R E A M ThosE.Wilson&Co. Tested Tackle is Half the Battle! IT’S time to plan for that fishing trip. Don’t wait until the last minute to supply yourself with equip- ment. Good fishing tackle is half the battle! Select it with utmost care — use only tested tackle. Anticipate all your requirements — be ready for every emergency. There’s nothing like having confidence in your rods and reels and lines and knowing that your fishing kit is complete to the very last item that you may need. Thousands of anglers, both amateur and expert, use and approve Wilson Fishing Tackle After you have hooked your fish — when the final struggle for mastery begins — that is the time when you will best appreciate the sterling qualities of your Wilson Tackle, It will mean a great deal to you THEN to know that your rod and reel and line will stand by you through the pinch. There is a Wilson Rod, Reel, Line, Bait, etc., to suit every taste and to serve every purpose. Wilson Tackle has stood the test of countless ' battles with the “big beauties.” The Wilson line is complete. Anything you need can be purchased from Wilson dealers. Wilson Fishing Tackle Catalog Free Send for it today. This book also describes, illustrates and gives prices on many special items in hunting and camping supplies. Address Thos. E. Wilson & Co., 700-710 N. Sangamon St., Chicago. CHICAGO NEW YORK '-.f i i 132 F O 11 E S T rV .\ D S T K K A M March, 1919 EVINRUDE iZisut Evinrude will take you ^ quickly to likely spots where the big fish hide. Just a twist of the fly- wheel and you are gliding swiftly to the place that you alone know. Evin- ruding means water outings with all the rowing left out — Write for Catalog Evinrude Motor Company Evinrude Bldg. - Milwaukee, Wis. DISTRIBUTING BRANCHES 69 CortUndt Street, NeW York 436 Market Street, Sen Frencitco 214 State Street, Boston 211 Morrison Street, Portland, Ore. RussGlls“lke Itori Study that cross-section-four ^ layers of leather between you B and the trail give full protec- _ tio!i without extra weight of ■ stiff sole- leather sole. The ^ lightest boot ever made for hard ® sei vice. Stands the gaff— and m keeps your feet dry. Special * chrome waterproofed cowhide, |ft chocolate color, with sole piece of wonderful Maple Pac hide B tliat outwears sole leather. ^ Note our patent “Never W Kip” watershed seams— ^ no stitches to Ifead water into your ^ ^ foot. ^ ^ It’s the boot for still hunters, bird hunters, hshermen and all-around “hikers.” Made to your measure, any lieight. Write for Complete Catalogue “A/” — Free W. C. RUSSELL MOCCASIN CO. Berlin, Wis. Fullest Pleasure from Your Boating Portable, easily- attachable, L - A outboard engines afford the joys of motor boating at little cost. A gen- erous 30 Days' Trial lets you try out L-A Engines at our expense. LOCKWOOD-ASH MOTOR CO. 1911 Horton Ave., Jackson Mich. Convert your row-boat into a power-boat! Send for this book. It tells you how. And it bristles with valuable e n - gine informa- tion, too. THE RETURN FROM THE HUNT (CONTINUED FROM PAGE 108) meandered so quietly through the village had grown into a mighty torrent and had cut a wide swath through the heart of the town. It had carried away a num- ber of houses — contents and all — and de- posited them in broken fragments upon the deep bosom of Resurrection Bay. The entire population had been fighting the flood day and night, struggling to confine the water to some semblance of a channel, making sand bags and piling them along its banks, in frenzied endeavor to save their homes from ruin. As far back as the memory of the oldest Alaskan could go there had never been a flood like this. Even the usually un- perturbed engineers who had grappled with the mighty problems of railroad construction in a land where nature offers a stern resistance were in despair when the seemingly endless chain of trouble messages began to pour into the office. It seemed as though every bridge over the entire line had been broken or swept away, and so many landslides had occurred it would almost have been easier to survey a new right of way and start all over again. Long years of patient labor had gone for naught. It was many weeks before the train that^ we had left at Mile Twenty was able to crawl into Seward over a patched up track. SITTING around the stove in the com- fortable Hotel Sexton we had a hap- py time that night talking over all our adventures, revelling in the delights of civilized life once more. Several days later our trophies and baggage were re- layed in on speeders and we arranged to take a steamer around into Cook Inlet from which we were planning a jour- ney into the Mt. McKinley region; so we bade farewell one morning to the splendid fellows with whom we had lived in such happy companionship — sharing hardships which, in the true sense, were not hardships at all but “just a damn queer way of enjoying yourself,” as Ben would say. And the last sight we had of that fine .fellow he was walking from ' the dock in the early morning light after having shaken our hands in parting. A few weeks later he undertook to run down some boot-leggers who were sup- posed to be in hiding along the bleak and barren coast '^o the w’estward and he put out to sea in a little dory with Bill Weaver, another man of the same intrepid type. They used the same out- « board motor that had played us such * tricks on Kenai Lake. That was the last that was ever seen or heard of them. Their dory was found a few weeks later» smashed up on the rocks about a hun-B drecl miles below Seward and a partj of Ben’s grub-box washed ashore near Seldovia. The heaving waters of the* great Pacific moan a solemn requiem J among the rocks and shoals of that piti-t less coast and the relentless mountains* rear their snow-crowned heads above the* mighty sepulchre of two of nature’s no- Idemcn^ March, 1919 r O K E S T AND S T K E A j\I 133 $200.00 Worth C( Fishing Tackle thaFs Fit for Fishing GIVEN TO THOSE WHO CAN TELL THE BEST FISH STORIES For the Best Fish Story For the Next Best Fish Story For the 2 Next Best Fish Stories For the 4 Next Best Fish Stories For the 5 Next Best Fish Stories $50.00 Worth 35.00 Worth 25.00 Worth 10.00 Worth 5.00 Worth Thirteen prizes in all to be selected from our 1919 Catalog, issued about April i, 1919. These stories may be true or not. They may be whoppers or actual substantiated facts. They can be curious or funny or ex- citing. But they must be about fish and fishermen. Let your- self go and tell them in your own way. Send as many as you like, but no story must exceed 700 words. Short stories are prefer- able, however. CONTEST CLOSES APRIL 1, 1919 Manuscripts cannot be returned. In the event of more than one person sending in the same story the one telling it best will be given the preference. Address all stories to Abbey & Imbrie Contest Editor c/o Baker, Murray & Imbrie, Inc., 10-15-17 Warren St., New York NOTE CAREFULL\ Write on one aide of paper only. No fees of any kind are neces- sary to compete. Contest is open to everyone. We are to be sole judges in awarding prizes. Winning stories are to become our sole property for publication in booklet. 134 FOREST AND S T R E A .AI March, 1919 Mullins Steel Boats Can’t Sink The safest boats in the world. You owe it to your family to provide them with a Mullins boat equipped with air-tight compartments like a life boat — one that cannot sink. Designed by America’s foremost naval architects, insuring perfect lines, great speed and seaworthiness. Constructed like a Government torpe- do boat of rigid puncture-proof steel plates that cannot leak — warp — dry out— water- log or open at the seams. Never gains in weight — never requires calking no expense for upkeep. Powered with America’s best marine motors, insuring reliability; equipped The W. H. Mullins Co 92 Franklin Street, Salem, Ohio with Mullins patent, silent under water exhaust, insuring noiselessness in opera- tion, increased speed and cleanliness. One man control. Over 65,000 Mullins Steel Boats now in use in all parts of the world. They have replaced wooden boats because of the superiority of the steel construction. Write today for beautifully illustrated catalogs — works of art and full of valu- able boating information. THE FLY ROD WIGGLER positively the greatest fish getter ever used on a fly rod. Handles easily on any ordinarj* fly rod. Has the slow wrig- gling zig zag movement of a crippled minnow. Great for large and small mouth bass, large trout, pike, and pickerel. Exquisitely flnishetl in Silver Shiner, Red Side Minnow, Yellow Perch, Red Head, etc. Two sizes, 1% and 2% in. Can be used on bait casting rods by addins small sinker. Price each 50c. Four in compartment Box $2.00. Send stamp for catalog of Baits. Flies. Lines. Hooks, etc. W. J. Jamison Co., Dept. S, 736 S. California Ave., Chicago. Ill Tough Strong Durable Invisible in Water “ — I am using a No. 4-6-ft. Joe Welsh Leader 4 years and yesterday landed a 6-lb. Rainbow Trout Your leader is worth 10 times the price I paid for it.” Live Dealers Sell Them Everywhere. If Yours Can’t Supply You, Send 25c for 3-fi. Sample. JOE WELSH PASADENA, CALIFORNIA Exclusive Agent United States and Canada ^ Eels, Mink, Muskrats and I SI ■■*11 rlCklt other fur-bearing animals a. Jjj large numbers, with the New, Folding, Galvanized Steel Wire Trap. It - ' — i!, „ bes flies. Made in orice list, and our _ or attracting fish. J. F. Gregory, 3306 Oregon Ave., St.L«iiis,Mo Send for one of these interesting calendars and try It out thoroughly. Contains the Fishing .Signs for 1919 arranged in graphic form for easy understanding by all. It is the only Calendar granted a copyright by the Library of Congre.ss for the annual re-arrang .nent of its figures. Send 25c. for one to-day to 0. F. CALENDAR. Box 1466 H. Sta. Springfield. Mass. TheSpoonThatGets’em! Hook releases when fish strikes and sudden stop at end of slot ^ets hook firmly into j aw. Darts and dives like a rea I fish. Catches more than any other spoon or w o o d e n minnow. Great for all game fish— Black Salmon, Cod, dealer for Bass. Trout, Musky Pike, Tarpon, etc. Six sizes. Ask your Knowles Automatic Striker Lenglh: I%" 2Vs" 2h" 3'4" 4W" Ji// Price each 35c 35c 5 5c V5c 90c $1.25 Finishes : SILVER — SILVER AND COPPER — BR.ASS St £. KNOWLES, 69 Sherwood Bldg., San Francisco, Cal. 1 U.S.ARMY&NAVf GOODS UNIFORMS AND EQUIPMENT FOR OFFICERS A.\D ENLISTED MEN Complete outfitters and dealers in govern- ment goods — from an army hat cord to a battleship. 5,000 useful articles for field service, camp- ing, outing, etc., in Army Officers' price list 34 4 — sent on receipt of 3 cents postage. ARMY& NAVY STORE CO., Inc. Largest Outfitters So infiated prices Army & Navy Building 245 West 42nd St. New York City ►ARADISE Located on chain of six Lakes. Black Bass. Pickerel. Markinaw Trout. Mu.sky fishing In Mich. In a network of Trout Streams (all varieties). Finest Bathing Beach. Perfe-:t Sanitary conditions. Stone and I/)g Bungalow Dining roorn Write for booklet H. D. SMITH. Beliaire. Mich. LOUIS RHEAD T/S LURES BIG NATIVES, BROWNS, RAINBOWS any time, place or season )E LIHLE TERROR MINNOV FOR SURFACE FISHING No. 10 KYMPU CREEPER WINGLESS MAY FLY Long Hook ^ I Mit>-WATEa Copied from Nature iNxnsTouT TROUT HELGRAMITE favorite trout food HOOK For Bottom Fishing COPIED FROM NATURE Cn ACQUAINTED OFFER the 3 for ONE DOLLAR while they last Send for new lUustrMcd lemllrt with ftdditlonftl tested Improred balta. LOUIS RHEAD. 2 17 OCEAN AVENUE, BROOKLYN, N.Y. NOTES ON LONG ISLAND SHORE BIRDS (CONTINUED FROM PAGE 122) In plumage they are almost exactly alike, mottled more or less black and white in summer, gray above and white below in winter. The very considerable differ- ence of size between the two is not al- ways appreciable, but the trained eye will usually pick out the much larger bill of the Greater Yellowleg. The whistled notes of the two are recogniz- ably different, those of the Greater be- ing clearer and more ringing, whew, whew, whew, generally in series of three or more calls instead of singly or in twos. The Lesser has also a common shorter note whip, whip, whip often ut- tered continuously, and most frequently heard when they are flying in flocks of fair size. Both species have other cries, some of which are indistinguishable in the two. In spring the Lesser Yellowleg mig- rates up the Mississippi Valley and is of rare occurrence on the Atlantic Coast, while the Greater is abundant and noisy there. On the southward migration both species arrive in July, following the meadows along the coast. The Lesser or Summer Yellowleg attains its great- est abundance in August, occurring singly or in flocks of varying size, twenty or even forty individuals together being not uncommon. The Greater or Winter Yellowleg is comparatively scarce until September or October, and sometimes lingers into November. Cases among birds, similar to that of the Yellowlegs, where two species are practically identical in color though dif- fering markedly in size, are not rare. Very likely the Greater Yellowleg is not so closely related to the Lesser as its similarity in plumage would lead one to suppose. Perhaps its similarity to that species not infrequently enables it to escape the Duck Hawk deluded into be- lieving it is dealing with the smaller, less active bird. LAWS FOR TRAPPERS AND HUNTERS TO aid trappers and hunters the U. S. Department of Agriculture has issued Farmers’ Bulletin* 1022, “Laws Relating to Fur Bearing Animals,” which is a summary of legislation in the United States, Canada, and Newfound- land, relating to trapping, open seasons, propagation, and bounties. Under the stimulus of high prices there is always danger that trappers will deplete the trapping grounds and permanently de- crease the number of fur animals, the Federal specialists say. Regulations and seasons should be carefully observed, so that the fur supply of the future shall not be endangered. For the flscal year ended June 30, 1918, the foreign trade of the United States in. raw and manufactured furs reached the largest total in the history of the country. While exports were only $13 903,631 as compared with $15,729,- 160 for 1917, the imports were $38,389,- 372, as compared with $21,553,375. March, 1919 Forest and stream 135 No. 2 Open — showing equipment AUTO-KAMP- KOOK- KIT The most dependable gasoline Outing stove on the market. A necessity for every auto. \o. 2 Closed — equipment packet inside Size 5zl0zl8, weight 17 pounds. Substantial, Durable, Efficient WILL BURN IN ANY WIND We make other sizes; write for prices. PRENTISS-WABERS MFG. CO. Grand Rapids, Wis. 4 Spring St. DO YOU KNOW that for just 10 cents a day you can give a child to France ? The men of France have died fighting our battles. T'he women and children of France are left to bear the bunlen. $36.50 a year, added to the small allowance of the F'reiuh (Jovernment, will save a child for the new Fratice. Will you subscribe $.10 a day. $3 a month, $36.50 a year; payable monthly, quarterly or yearly. Kvery pt-iiny of the money collected goes to the chil- dren. Kxpenses are paid from a separate fund. Drove y»ur patriotism by helping immcdiattly, prac- tically and personally, our ally. France. Ten Cents a day mean.s little to you. tVlien a grate- ful letter comes from some little child in France you will know how much it means there. $ .10 keeps a child 1 day $36.50 keeps a child 1 yr. 3.00 ” " *' 1 mo. 73.50 “ “ ** 2 yrs. Date I pledge j $36.50 ... . for a aged .... In Its mj'self V liumc for years to give $ homes for for .... children In their o'vn , . . years part I enclose herewith $ In payment for the above and pledge myself to give the remainder in payments. moss OUT THE I’ARA- GKAI’ilS YOU DON'T ACCEPT I promise to give the same amount next year. I wish to know the name and address of the child or children. Signed Address * Checks should be drawn to "THE FATHFRIiESS CHILDREN OF FRANCE CO>nU'ITEE" and mailed to the Chicago Treasurer. DAVID K. FORGAN, Room 741 Fine Arts Building. Chicago. J. WESTERN WARNER’S (DUDE RANCH) 'ummer resort is located on the Kootenai River in the Cabinet Range of the Rocky Mountains in Montana and affords some of the best fishing and hunting in the West. Good saddle horses and fine trails and roads, every mile a pleasure, private cabins and tents, hoard and saddle horse by day or month. Spring bear hunting a specialty, all other big game in season. Write to J. WESTERN WARNER, HUNTER and GUIDE LIBBY, lyiONT. WILDFOWLING TAT.ES Grand new book of dock and goose hnnt* ing narratives by J. B. Thompson, Panl E. Page, Hamilton M. Laing, R. P. Holland and Forest H. Conover. Price $2.00. W* O. Hazelton, 406 Pontiac Bldg., Chicago, 111. ROCKLEDGE, FLORIDA I 175 miles below Jacksonville, in the midst of the famous Indian River orange | I groves. Ideal climate, flowers and sunshine. A great deal of money has been | I spent on the hotels making them equal to the best in the state. Fine hunting. | I Fishing has always been good at Rockledge ; now it should be the best in | I Florida as there has been a new inlet opened to the ocean just below Rock- | I ledge. Any fisherman will know that this means wonderful fishing. One of the | I great attractions is the golf course. Boating, motor boating, clock golf, dancing, | I billiards, pool. | I ACCOMMODATES 400. WRITE FOR CIRCULAR | I W. W. BROWN, Manager | I Summer Season- GRANLIDEN HOTEL, Lake Sunapee, N. H. | Central Park, W est — 74th and 75th Streets Overlooking Central Park’s most pictur- esque lake Hotels INDIAN RIVER and ROCKLEDGE Rooms and bath — $2.50 upwards. Parlor, bedroom and bath — $4.00 per day and upwards. SPECIAL WEEKLY RATES. Please Write for Illustrated Booklet. Ownership Management — Edmund M. Brennan. Especially attractive during the Fall and Winter months. Appeals to fathers, mothers and children. 136 Forest A X D S T R E A :\I March, 1919 Reconstruction and the Sriiall-tore Rifle Glut Ko, S Americctn Marksmen Series, I*ainted for Remington UMC by i'- X, Leyendecker ONE of tlie first and test war measures tte U. S.'Govern- ment adopted was tte British modern development of small-tore or .22 caliter rifle target shooting. No tetter endorsement of Remington UMC service to shooters could have teen asked. But more was to come. In appropriating for '‘home consumption valuable Government war-time methods, civilian America has seized upon the new small-hore target shooting as one of its hest finds. In community, industrial and institutional rifle cluhs, an enormous expansion has begun, centering around the small-hore rifle shooting regulations now officially pre- scnhed by the National Rifle Association. Foremost as it has been in the encouragement of this shooting and these cluhs. Remington UMC is hest able to help — as it is helping — to brmg this splendid sport permanently into its own in this countiy. 1£ you are interested in getting up a rifle club, reviving one, or putting some ginger into the one you have just been elected President of, write today for a tree copy of the Remington UMC Handbook, containing full information, including howto obtain Government assistance through the N. R. A., and what complimentary Remington UMC targets to ask for. THE REMINGTON ARMS UNION METALLIC CARTRIDGE CO., Inc. Largest Manufacturers of Firearms and Ammunition in the VC^orld WOOLWORTH BUILDING NEW YORK MAKING YOUR OWN BASS BUGS (CONTINUED FROM PAGE 119) these flies attractive to the wily fish. Personally, I use three or four bristles frequently in the wings or toils, that are taken from a Javelin hide — the collared peccary of natural history — but as these are not readily obtainable everywhere, I presume, hog bristles or horse hair would do the same thing, which is to support the softer hairs and prevent their mat- ting down in the water. Don’t be afraid to make some all white except the body and even that can be white for night fishing. In late summer when the bass are lying deep the light- colored flies will get the most fish. Orange bodies with white wings and tail with just a touch of red fox or squirrel hair is a good combination. Bright red body with dark grey squir- rel or deer hair has proved a winner for big ones with me and especially when the sun was shining brightly. Alum- inum bodies with red heads look good day or night. The following list of “don’ts” will help you avoid some disappoint- ments, but cut down your experimenting too, so disregard them if you want the fun of trying. Never cut the outer ends off the hairs if they seem too long as they are tapered and their wonderfully live appearance in the water is dependent on preserving the tapering end. Manufactured Bucktails do not possess this quality because the hairs are chopped off square. Cut off at the root end if you must re- duce their length, and ahvays tie the root end to bodies when making flies. Don’t use short or low-grade corks as they work badly, are hard and heavy. Don’t get the shellac on the hairs, ex- cept very close to where they are tied to the body as it stiffens them. Don’t use small hooks as they do not protrude enough and you w’ill miss too many strikes. Besides their eyes are too small. This of course is not to apply if you are making midget size flies, as all parts should be in harmony. Do not wind thread around bodies so as to compress the entire cork as its lightness is lost in proportion as its bulk is reduced by compression. Never fail when putting the fly on leader to insert the loop (which must be long enough to pass through the fly) through the eye from the underside — that is, the side the point of the hook is on, as it makes the fly lie cn the water with head slightly elevated and each tiny jerk nods the head downward, while reverse occurs if inserted in re- verse manner and the action is not near so lifelike and makes less ripple on the water. It also causes the fly to strike the water right side up usually. Do not be discouraged if your first ones are crude — even they wdll catch fish in a way that will surprise you — and there is no end to the variation that will occur to you as you go along. March, 1919 Forest and s t r e a .m 137 For instance, they may be made with- out the tail hairs and with the wings i spread out so as to meet over the back, ; as are Nos. 13 and 14. (See*page 119.) I The bodies may be made longer by 4 glueing two corks end to end with shel- ( lac and then whittling them into the desired shape — No. 13 is made that way. A little light sealing wax may be melted and spread over the belly and then caiwed into most lifelike appearance with a warm knife blade point — or the sealing wax may be added till the fly no longer floats, but they are not so good when I fished submerged. I In the illustrations herewith No. 9 has white deer, tail and wings, alum- I inum body and red head. No. 9 has I seen real service and took one night I between 9:30 and 11:30 over 20 bass, I ranging from %-lb. to 2%-lbs. No. 10 J has both tail and wings made from the I creamy yellow hair from a Raccoon’s tail, with a few Javelin bristles mixed in for support, has orange body and cream white head. No. 11 has white tail, white and grey wings, orange body and red head. No. 12 has pink and grey tail, white wings with a few strands of grey, yel- low body and brown head. Nos. 11 and 12 are early types of my work before I had learned to shape up I the bodies so as to appear better — but j they got fish just the same. No. 13 has all white wings meeting I over back, with double length body, cream colored with brown stripings in grooves and brown head. The hook in this type emerges about midway of the body. No. 14 has short, stiff black tail, wide spread heavy wings, very slender body and sealing wax belly. Wings are squir- rel, body and head yellow. No. 15 has tail and wings of mixed deer and squirrel grey in color, with some Javelin bristles, red body and cream head. No. 16 has greyish tan deer hair in tail and wings, Javelin bi'istles in wings, aluminum body and dark red head. No. 17 is made of the very red hairs from the underside of a rusty fox squir- rel’s tail, with Javelin bristles in wings and tail, orange body and cream head. These Javelin bristles are alternately white and black, the rings of color be- ing arranged like the rings on a ’coon’s tail and are quite showy in' the water but quite stiff. In winter, when I hunt, I secure and have dried or tanned the skins of various birds or beasts that have suitable feath- ers or hair, and in summer I return them to nature’s haunts via the fly rod route. Of course my wife objects, so I have surreptitiously arranged my office for my laboratory and I’m hoping that she’ll continue attending strictly to her knit- ting and not come forth on a voyage of discovery. > Here’s hoping you’ll have as much fun out of making some “bugs” as I have, and while I hope your reputation won’t suffer as much as mine has since I got “bugs” I’m not yet sure whether it isn’t worth even that for after all “fishing ain’t just catching fish.” i I 1 I ! ! I GUNS ■ Fishing Tackle Send for Catalog 77 Showing Fall and Winter Sporting Goods SCHOVERLING, DALY & GALES 302 and 304 BROADWAY NEW YORK A Country of Fish and Game A Paradise for the Camper and Angler Ideal Canoe Trips The country traversed by the Reid Newfoundland Company’s system is exceedingly rich in all kinds of Fish and Game. All along the route of the Railway are streams famous for their Salmon and Trout fishing, also Caribou barrens. Americans who have been fishing and hunting in New- foundland say there is no other country in the world in which so good fishing ami hunting can be secured and with such ease as in Newfoundland. Information, together with illustrated Booklet and Folder, cheerfully forwarded upon application to F. E. PITTMAN, General Passenger Agent REID NEWFOUNDLAND COMPANY ST. JOHN’S, NEWFOUNDLAND NATIONAL SPORTSMAN is a monthly magazine, crammed full of Hunting^ Fxshing, Camping and Trapping stories and pictures, valuable information about guns, rifles, revolvers, fishing tackle, camp outfits, best places to go for fish and game, changes in fish and game laws, and a thousand and one helpful hints for sportsmen. National Sportsman tells you what to do when lost in the woods, how to cook your grub, how to build camps and blinds, how to train your hunting dog, how to preserve your trophies, how to start a gun club, how to build a rifle range. No book or set of books you can buy will give you the amount of up-to-date information about life in the open that you can get from a yearns subscription to the National Sports- man. Special information furnished to subscrib- ers at all times. Free of Charge. SPECIAL OFFER The 8 beautiful outdoor sport pictures, shown above, are reproduced on heavy art paper, size 9 X 12. in strikingly attractive colors, from original oil paintings by well-known artists. They make appropriate and pleasing decora- tions for the den, camp, or club-room of any man who likes to hunt or fish. Price of pic- tures alone 25c. We will send you this set of pictures. FREE OF CHARGE, on receipt of $1.00 for a year’s subscription to the Na- tional Sportsman Magazine. ORDER BLANK National Sportsman Magazine, 220 Colum- bus Ave., Boston. Mass.: Enclosed find $1.00 for a year’s sub- scription to the National Sportsman, and the set of 8 outdoor pictures. Name Address 138 FOREST A N D S T REAM March, 1918 Here’s comfort, health and happy excitement for you from early morn to dewy eve. No matter what \ou want in a vacation, The Chamberlin has it. Is it Golf? — i^ght, bring your clubs ; The Chamberlin provides a peach of a' Course, Eighteen Holes. Is it Swimming? — right, the salt water bathing in the big. Mosaic, Sun-lit Sea Pool is great. Is it Sunshine? — we’re drenched with it, ozone, too. Is' it Southern Cooking? — not a “Mammy” in the South can beat The Chamberlin cuisine. Is it ^ledicinal Baths? — we du- plicate every Treatment given at Vichy, Ai.x, Carlsbad, Nauheim or Harrogate, under the best profes- sional skill. Is it Social Life? — the Naval and Military officers stationed at Hampton Roads and Fortress Mon- roe give a fine zest to The Cham- berlin dances. In any event, write for our spe- cial booklet, “Golf” — it contains the first Aeroplane Map of a Golf Course ever published in America. J Address George F. Adams, Manager Fortress Monroe Virginia J. KANNOFSKY Practical Glass Blower Raise Hares For Us Immense profits easily and quickly made. We furnish stock and pay $2.00 each anc expressage when three months old. Con- tracts. booklet, etc.. 10c. Nothing free. Tliorson Rabbit t'o. . Dept. 9. Aurora. Colorado. ACCURATE 258 W. 34th St.. SHOOTERS SUPPLIES T. T. Pierce Arm, and Ammunition Exn^rt GUNS AMMUNITION GUN WORK and manufacturer of artificial eyes for birds, ani- mals and manufacturing purposes a specialty. Send for prices. All kinds of heads and skulls for furriers and taxidermists. 363 CANAL STREET NEW YORK Please mention “Forest and Stream” New York City. 35c . For Postpaid all lubrication and polishing around the house, in the tool shed or afield with gun or rod. NYOIL Id the New PerfectioD Pocket Package is a matchless combination. Sportinipo liftv© known it for years. Dealers pell NYOIL at 15c. and 35c. Send us the name of a live one who doesn’t sell NYOIL with other nece‘9Barie8 for sportsmen and we will send you a dandy, handy new can (screw top and screw tip) con- taining ounces postpaid for 35 cents. WH.F.NTE. New BeJforJ, Mass. Instructions for Net Making kinds fish nets, may be easily and quickly made, with my illustrated instructions before you. 21 photographs show you how. Once learned never forgotten. Also gives more informa- tion about the use of nets. Send to-day. Price 25c postpaid. W. E. CLAYTON, Altoona, Kansas. A COMPLICATED FOX HUNT (continued from page 111) powerful blow dashed out his life? Had I he stayed on land, we must have seen i him; had he been in water, that possi- ; bility was slight. We talked and argued, ; thought and reasoned, and in the end j grew strong in our conviction that the ! solution lay at the pond bottom. Investigation, for the time, being com- plete, we restored the boat to its proper place, trudged along the narrow wood road that led from the camp to the main highway, and an hour later, stumbled into Mr. Hale’s kitchen thoroughly fag- ged out. j The second day thereafter, the pre- I vailing westerly winds having blown ! Hubbard Pond free of ice, we rowed along close to that section of the shore where the dog’s body would naturally have drifted, in case it had floated.' The search was unavailing. Still not satis- fied, other plans were laid, and on the fourth day, we manufactured what, in war parlance, might be termed depth bombs. In short, we filled a pair of tin pails with sand, placing a heavy charge of dynamite in each. These we planted at the point of conflict. Two ter- rific explosions raised a great volume of water, best measured in tons, and much mud— but no dog! At that we had gone the limit. Time elapsed. Adver- tisements in the local papers went un- answered, while inquiries throughout the community likewise failed. The only light shed on the situation was the news that Sankey’s former master had more than once punished him severely for driv- ing deer. Gradually our thoughts and conversation shifted to other topics, i A WEEK from the day of our trou- bles and almost at the same hour ; in the forenoon, Mr. Hale and I drove into the farm yard, returning from a brief tour in quest of partridge. We were greeted with repeated shouts of “Throw up your hats; your dog’s alive!” Our silent stare of “don’t believe” brought forth the announcement that a message by telephone reported him held for us at a farm four miles distant. Those four miles we quickly covered; then the story learned, to find that this I was w'hat had happened. Sankey, hav- ing quit the chase for what no doubt he felt were his best interests, headed straight for home twentj' miles away, in Fitchburg, Mass. Choosing as his route the western shore of Lake Monomonac, he came upon an attractive dead horse, on which he proceeded to make a meal Promptly the hidden fox ti-ap clamped a front foot. There Tvas no pulling free. In the six days of bitter struggle that ensued, he had dragged the horse’s head, to which the trap was clogged, a good half mile. Fortunately, fair weather, with moderate temperature, had been his lot; yet another twenty-four hours of exposure would probably have spelled the end. The trapper, for it was he who finally discovered Sankey, claimed to have tended his “sets” daily, but said March, 1919 F O R P: S T AND S T R E A M 139 ANTIQUES AND CURIOS CALIFORNIA GOLD, QUARTER SIZE, 27c; Yi size, 53c; Dollar size, $1.10. Large cent, 100 years old and catalogue, 10c. Norman Shultz, King City, Mo. INDIAN BASKETS— WHOLESALE AND R^ /\il. Catalogue. Gilham, Highland Springs, Cali- fcrnia. ATTTO ACCESSORIES FORDS START EASY IN COLD WEATHER with our new 1919 carburetors. 34 miles per gal- lon. Use cheapest gasoline or half kerosene. Increased power. Styles for any motor. Very slow on high. .Mtach it yourself. Big profits to agents. Money Back Guarantee. 30 days’ trial. Air Friction Carburetor Co., 550 Madison, Day- ton, Ohio. FISH FOR STOCKING FISH FOR STOCKING— BROOK TROUT FOR stocking purposes. Eyed eggs in season. N. F. Hoxie, Plymouth, Mass. SMALL-MOUTH BLACK BASS, WE HAVE the only establishment dealing in young small- mouth black bass commercially in the United States. Vigorous young bass in various sizes, ranging from advanced fry to 3 and 4 inch finger- lings for stocking purposes. Waramaug Small- Mouth Black Bass Hatchery. Correspondence in- vited. Send for circulars. .Address Henry \\ . Beeman, New Preston, Conn. FLY TYING MATERIAL FLY TYING MATERIAL, EVERYTHING FOR Tying your own Flies,^ price list free. Mole Fly Company, Roosevelt, N. Y. FOR SALE FOR SALE— MOUNTED DEER HEADS AND birds from north woods. Photos free. G. E. Link, taxidermist, Phillips, Wis. TWO LARGE PAIR BULL AND TWO PAIR cow buffalo horns; Old English silk shawl about 100 years old. Sell cheap to settle up estate. A. W. Ayers, Wichita Falls, Texas. GUNS AND AMMUNITION buy, sell and exchange all sorts of old-time and modern firearms. Stephen Van Rensselaer. 805 Madison Ave.. New York City. CHEAP 401. NAVY RIFLES, AUTOLOADING shotgun and others or trade for 256, Newton, 2-5 .Marlin, rather deal direct, write till June. Fred biggie,’ Monona, Iowa, R. No. 3. FOR SALE ONLY— FINE ENGLISH HAM- merless ejector gun — made by T. Kilby and in A 1 condition. With case. $1T5. ^\ . E. HaHer, 1034 Farnam St., Davenport. Iowa. ITHICA NO. 3^ 20 G.A. KRUPP ; FLUID steel barrels, ejectors, recoil pad. Take $75 or trade for 12 g.a. cannon. D. Trass, Madison, Ohio. SEND $2 FOR ONE YEAR'S DELIVERY OF “.\rms and Ammunition.” .\cciirate gun dope condensed. T. T. Pierce, 258 W. 34th St., New York City. ■'» HELP WANTED GET A GOV’T POSITION THROUGH US. Position or money back guaranty. Thousands of men and women. 16 to 60, needed in Washington and elsewhere for the years of “Reconstruction” ahead. We’ll coach you quickly by mail for Civil Service examination find appointment. Permanent: easy hours: paid vacations; higher salaries. Our free Book “RG” gives list of posi- tions; WRITE for it. WASHINGTON CIVIL SERVICE SCHOOL, 2043 Marden Bldg., WASH- INGTON, D. C. LIVE STOCK FOR BREEDING BELGIAN HARES FOR MEAT. FRANCE, England, and America cry, “More Meat.” Get in now and write for free plans and photographs of stock. Adams Bros., Belgian Farm, Portland, Mich. A nominal charge of five cents per word will carry classified mes- sages to our army of readers on farms, in the towns and cities, and at the end of blazed trials. LIVE STOCK FOR BREEDING DECOY CALLERS, PURE BRED, NO LIMIT, Wild Mallards $3.50 a pair; eggs, $2.50-12; $20,- 100; English Callers $7 a pair; eggs, $5-12; $40-100; (pairs only,) extra drakes. Mail draft. E. Breman Co., Danville, 111. FANCY POULTRY FOR SALE; 30 VARI- eties; catalogue free. Herman Blumer, Ber- ger, Mo. HARES. RABBITS, RUFUS RED AND GREY Belgians, Flemish and checkered Giants, New Zea- lands, breeding Dutch, Belgian yards. Kinder- book, N. Y. PEDIGREED NEW ZEALANDS, BELGIANS, Flemish Giants and Utility Rabbits. Fine healthy stock. Forest City Rabbitry, 1810 W. State St., Rockford, 111. RAISE BELGIAN HARES FOR ME. I furnish magnificent, young thoroughbred Rufus Red stock at $2 each, and buy all you raise at 30 to 00 cents per pound, live weight; send ten cents for complete Breeder’s Instruction Booklet. I'rank FI. (7ross, 64 33 Ridge, St. Louis, Mo. MISCELLANEOUS A SHARP HUNTING KNIFE IS HARD TO find, but listen, one that will ST.VY SH.-\RP is a prize. We make a hunting knife that is SH.XRP and will stay sharp. Your money back if not satisfied. Write for circular. Old File Cutlery Co., Havana, 111. EARN $25 WEEKLY, SPARE TIME, WRIT- ing for newspapers, magazines. Exp. unnec. ; de- tails Free. Press Syndicate, 520, St. Louis, Mo. FISH LURE— RECEIPT TO MAKE YOUR own dope, 25(‘. “Shure get ’em.” P. O. Box 185, San Francisco, Cal. GIGANTIC NEW GUINIEA BUTTER BEAN. This new edible vegetable grows 3 to 5 feet long. Weight 10 to 16 pounds. gigantic climbing vine. Leaves a foot or more in rliameter. Seed 50d a package. Muskeetopunk Co., Pekin, 111. GOES’ LIQUID POISON CAPSULES KILL animals on si)Ot. Goes’ Luring Bait attracts them. Thirteenth season in market. Free circulaAs when mentioned this paper. Edmund Goes, Mil- waukee, Wis., Station C. MAIL US 15c. WITH ANY SIZE FILM FOR development and 6 velvet prints; or send 6 nega- tives any size and 15d for 6 prints; 8x10 mounted enlargements. Sod; prompt, perfect service. Roa- noke Photo Finishing Co., 220 Bell Ave., Roanoke, Va. MAKE DIE-CASTINGS, SKETCH, SAMPLE, Booklet and Proposition 12(f. R. Byrd, Box 227, Erie, Pa. POULTRY AND RABBITS — POULTRY paper, 50(* year. Fine Rabbit Department. Rab- bit Book 25(‘. Paper one year and book, 65(*. Poul- try Advocate, Dept. “H”, Syracuse, N. Y. SHORT STORIES, POEMS, PLAYS, ETC., are wanted for publication. Literary Bureau, 149, Hannibal, Mo. PARTNER WANTED EXPERIENCED WOODSMAN WANTS PART- ner for trapping small fur bearing animals. State experience and knowledge of where to trap in writ- ing. Address J. E. Plew, New Southern Pacific Hotel, Yuma, Arizona. PATENTS INVENTIONS GOMMERCIALIZED. CASH or royalty. Ad'"! Fisher Mfg. Co., 195A, SL Louis, Mo. PHEASANTS CHINESE RING-NECK PHEASAN'T EGGS, $3.50 dozen; $25-100. Ornamental varieties, $5 dozen. Simpson’s Pheasant Farm, Corvallis, Ore- gon. REAL ESTATE FOE SPORTSMEN $5.00 DOWN. $5.00 MONTHLY; SEVEN acres fruit, poultry, fur farm; river front; Ozarks; $100; hunting, fishing, trapping. 1973 North Fifth, Kansas City, Kans. SITUATION WANTED IF YOU WANT A THOROUGH MAN, READ this. A practical and reliable manager of Gen- tleman’s Shooting Preserve, handler and trainer of higlnclass shooting dogs; breeding, rearing and developing puppies; widely experienced here and abroad; skilled shot; a capable man to show spo’t; expert trapper of vermin; a reliable and trust- worthy all around manager. Wise, 214 East 6Sth St., New York. SPORTING BOOKS DUCK AND GOOSE HUNTING STORIES.— Best in the world. Two new books, “Ducking Days” and “Wildfowling Tales,” $2 each. W. C. Hazelton, 407 Pontiac Bldg., Chicago, III. TRAPPERS SUPPLIES TRAPPERS— SPRING MUSKRAT PRICES are “over the to;).” Double your catch by getting “Ten Rat Catching Muskrat Sets” with many prac- tical pointers added. It is the most complete, con- cise, practical guide there is published on musk- rat trapping. It is written by a trapper who' has specialized years in it. Price one dollar po.stfraid. Percy H. Tucker, Peace Dale, R.F'.D.. Rhode Island. WANTED TO PURCHASE WANTED— ACME FOLDING BOAT, GOOD condition. Harold Orttel, 717 W. Michigan St., Indianapolis, Ind. KENNEL MART MISCELLANEOUS AIREDALES, BULLS, IRISH, FOX. COLLIES and pups of all kinds at lowest prices. Send description of the dog you want and if I have it on hand I will ship upon receipt of your check or money order. Quick Sales — Small Profits. Leo Smith, 309 Barrow St., Jersey City, N. J, DACHSHUNDE KENNELS — IVEIDMANNS heil. G. R. Rudolf, Cuba, Mo. GREAT DANE, FEMALE — SOUIA OF Hailon. Sire, Succabone Ecglaff. Dam, Countess Bessovof. Registered. Two years, seven months old. Fawn, excellent markings. Will sell at low figure. Gordon J. Platt, Highgate Springs, Vt. GREAT DANES— MALES AND FEMALES soon in season; reasonable. Pennwood Kennels, Reg., Sparrows Point, Md. HOUNDS AND HUNTING — MONTHLY Magazine featuring the hound. Sample free. Address Desk F, Idounds and Hunting, I'ecatur, III. MANGE, ECZEMA, EAR CANKER GOITRE, sore eyes cured or no charge; write for- particu- lars. Eczema Remedy Company, Dept. F., Hot Springs, .Ark. NORWEGIAN BEAR DOGS— IRISH WOLF Hounds, English Bloodhounds, Russian Wolf hounds, .American Fox Hounds, Lion Cat, Deer. Wolf, Coon and Varmint Dogs; fifty page highly illustrated catalogue, 5^ stamps. Rookwood Ken- nels, Lexington. Ky. WANTED— BIRD DOGS TO TRAIN. GAME plenty for sale. Bird dogs and rabbit hounds on trial. O. K. Kennels, Marydel, Md. TRAINED BEAGLES, RABBIT HOUNDS, fox-hounds, coon, opossum, skunk, dogs, setters, pointers, pet, farm dogs, ferrets, guinea pigs, fancy pigeons, rats, mice, list’ free. Violet Hill Kennels. Route 2, York, Pa. 140 FOREST AND S T REAM March, 1910 When Fishing Time Comes When spring is on the doorstep; when the appeal of the woods is strong — and you can no longer resist — go, but take along your outfit of Duxbak Right Clothes for the Out-of-Doors Duxbak clothes are known by men and women for their comfort and economical long service. Made of a specially woven heavy army duck and rainproof ed. They wear well and protect against wind and weather, Kampit is another well-known line of out-door clothes, lighter in weight and not rainproofed. Both Duxbak and Kampit are made in a variety of styles and garments for all out-door spxjrts and recreations — for both men and women. Get Our 1919 Style Book You’ll find these wonderful garments at all good Spxjrting Goods Dealers. But send for our well illustrated book describing every garment and full of suggestions for selecting the right outfit. Utica Duxbak Corporation 10 Hickory St.. Utica, N. Y. Tluxbak Spiral Puttees All wool, rainproofed puttees. Ser-^ Ciceahle for camping, tramping, wading or h mting» Made of a close- ly wocei woolen fabric. No outfit of out-door clothes for men or Women is really complete for comfoT without a pair of Duxbak Spiral Puttees. Rider.Agents Wanted RvprvojhpTAtArirfe iTui rThiliit^laTrv~-r — f Everywhere to ride and exhibit' the new Ranger^Motorl>lke**com-‘ pletely equipped with electric light and horn, carrier, etaod, tool tank, < oaster^brake, mud guards and anti'skidtires.Chofce of44oth^r otyles» colors and sizes in the fa* mous “Ranger" line of bicycles. DELIVERED FREE on approval and 30 DAYS TRIAL. Send for big free catalog and particulars of our Pactory-direcUUyRideT marvelous offers and terms, TIQPQ Lamps, Homs. Wheels, I Iflbv Sundries, and parte for all bicycle** — at half usual prices./ SEND NO MONEY but tell usl exactly what you need. Do not buy until you get our prices, terms and the big FREE catalog. Me A r\ CYCLE COMPANY , tAU Dept.K234CHICAG0^ • Where QUALITY meets PRICE to SATISFACTION of buyer” DOGS -ALL BREEDS AIREDALES A SPECIALTY 26 years in the line means something, and is a guarantee for SERVICE NEW YORK KENNELS 113 East 9lh St., New York COOPERS CAMPS THE HOME OF THE WORLD’S LARGEST SQUARE TAILED TROUT. 0. K. HUNTING. DEAL VACATIONLAND. BOOKLET ON REQUEST CAPT. G. W. COOPER, EAGLE LAKE, MAINE THOUSANDS OF WILD DUCKS can be attracted to Ibe lakes, rivers and ponds near you if you plnn t the foods they love ...WILD CELfiRY Wild Rice Duck Potato, etc. Wild Duck attractions my epecialty.. Used by laryeat preserves and clubs. Write for infor ^ mation and prices ^ TERRELL, Naturaltet Dept H-42 Oshkosh, Wis. AmIAU'!,) DUCKING DAYS Beautiful new book of duck' hunting stories. 20 half'tonet of noted sportsmen, ete. Text byj Americans best writers. 32. 00*1 W.€. llazelton, 406 Poutiac Bldg.. Chicago, 111. that he was unable to locate the niis.img trap. Be that as it may, one must be inclined to feel that an awkward, heavy clog, drawn over average ground, would leave some few traces to guide a care- ful searcher. Only by chance did the rescue happen. The trapper went bird shooting in the vicinity, flushed a part- ridge, fired, heard a dog howl, had a “hunch.” One look at the dog’s injured foot, together with his general weak- ened condition, caused us to send him by auto express to Fitchburg for veterin- ary attention. Two months later, Sankey was fast recovering his old form, and, though nevermore in dog show class, promised again to be efficient on the trail. So after all, I for one was glad that the grand old buck of Hubbard Pond still lived His splendid fight against big odds de- served no little admiration — he too had had a generous share of trouble. LAKE ERIE HUT FISHING (continued from page 117) twigs or other debris that floats around until finally it reaches the spear hole. If left remaining on the water, a very small piece of debris, no larger than a dime, becomes an eyesore and seems as big as the bottom of a tub. And incidentally, one must have a piece of board to put over the fish hole when the pike is being taken off the spear, so that he cannot flop back into the hole. He is then tossed through the door to freeze. At least one man in each group of huts carries a mariner’s compass. With- out it, though they might be only half a mile off shore, it would be quite pos- sible for even experienced watermen to become lost and perish in the blizzards and swirling snowstorms that sweep Lake Erie in the months of January and Feb- ruary. THE GULF RANGERS (CONTINUED FROM PAGE 115) for the night, and Hendry snoring, when Mr. King whispered across to his son: “What did you see in the locker, John?” “Birds — large white birds!” was the response. “Many?” “Not very many, sir. But this after- noon, when you folks were busy below, I lifted a hatch cover, forward. Down in a black hole there were lots of them — the same kind. Oh, I can’t begin to tell you how many. What were they, father?” “Egrets!” “But I didn’t think people were al- lowed to kill them,” John went, on. “It’s against the law,” said Mr, King. “John — our new-found friends are pir- ates, sure enough, and they are the cruel- est of all the black tribe because thej are preying upon one of our most beau- tiful and helpless forms of wild life. They are shooting up the Coast Rook- eries.” (TO BE CONTINUED NEXT MONTH) :\IARCH, 1919 Fores t a n d s i' r e a m 141 UNCLE SAM FISHING ‘ CONTEST The winners in the Forest and Stream 1918 Bass Fishing Contest are as follows: George C. Shupee, of San Antonio, j Texas, secures the first prize of $25.00 j for the largest large-mouth bass caught I south of the Mason and Dixon line with ! a 10% -pound large-mouth bass taken from Medina Lake, Texas. Jason Fred Diem, of Detroit, Michigan, wins the first prize of $25.00 for the ' largest large-mouth bass caught north of I the Mason and Dixi line with an 8- I pound large-mouth bass taken from Wat- j kins Lake, Michigan. In the small-mouth bass class the first I prize of $25.00 for the largest small- mouth bass caught north of the Mason j and Dixon line was secured by M. W. I Malseed, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, with a 5% -pound small-mouth bass taken at Noxontown, Deleware. As no catch of small-mouth bass was reported from south hf the Mason and Dixon line a special prize of $15.00 has been awarded to J. G. Houston, of Brook- line, Massachusetts, for a 5-pound 6- ounce, small-mouth bass taken at Ply- mouth, Massachusetts, and a special prize of $10.00 awarded to Carlton West of Toronto, Canada, with a 4%-pound, I small-mouth bass taken from Lake Sim- I coe, Ontario. Checks for the amounts mentioned have I been sent to the successful contestants I and Forest and Stream hopes to publish I in the near future a contribution from I each, telling the story of how he caught I ^is prize winning fish. I i ! A NEW HATCHERY AXFW fish hatchery, with a capacity equal to any three .American hatch- eries, has been opened at Port .Arthur, ' Ontario, under the direction of the Onta- rio Government. .According to George H Rapsey, superintendent of game and fish- eries for the province, the new hatchery will be capable of controlling qo.ooo.ooo fish eggs, all told, comprising 75,000,000 white-fish eggs and 15,000,000 salmon and Iirook trout eggs. This makes the second large hatchery at Port Arthur, the Dominion hatchery look- ing after the restocking of Lake Superior and the provincial one caring for the re- stocking of the inland waters, of which Lake Nipigon and the Lake of the Woods are the most important bodies in the west- ern part of the province, and the 1.500 lakes and rivers of Algonquin Provincial Park the most important in the eastern section. Lake Nipigon has taken rank with .Al- gonquin Park as one of the greatest fish- ing centers in Canada since it has been made more easily accessible to sportsmen from both Canada and the United States by the National Transcontinental. Algon- quin Park has long been famous among sportsmen for the superb trout and for small-mouth Wack bass fishing in particu- lar as it is literally a paradise of lakes and streams. THE KENNEL MART The publishers of Forest and Stream desire to inform the public that it is impossible for them to assume re* sponsibility for satisfactory transac- tions between buyers and sellers brought in contact through these columns. This applies particularly to dogs and live stock. In transactions between strangers, the purchase price in the form of a draft, money order or cer- tified check payable to the seller should be depo-sited with some disinterested third person or with tins otfice with the understanding that it is not to be transferred until the dog or other article that is the subject of negotia- tion has been received and upon ex- amination found to be satisfactory. AIREDALES A HIGH-CLASS REGISTERED AIREDALE Bitch in whelp to Champion Tinton Tip Top; great bargain. Caswell Kennells, Toledo, Ohio. FOR SALE— A FINE PEDIGREE FEMALE Airedale, 2 years old. Will trade for a number one silent trailer coon dog. I. C. Barnal, 349 W • Court St., Kankakee. 111. ^GISTERED AJREDALE-PTJPS BY CHAM- pion Tinton Tip Top. Big boned, husky farm raised puppies of quality. Caswell Kennels, To- ledo, Ohio. TWO HIGHLY-BRED FEMALE AIREDALES, 6 months old, Price $lf) each. Fine 60-pound Aire- dale stud dog, $40. Female, setter. ]4. spaniel, good retriever, $8. .Mancelona Airedale Kennels, Mancelona. Mich. WASHOE AIRDALES.— IN THE FUTURE known as “Lionheart Airedales.” W’e regret to announce that the boys “coming home” have cleaned us out of all puppies under six months. None more for sale until April 1st. A few young dogs and bitches for sale at present from parents that are known from coast to coast as hunters anrl bench winners. Lionheart Airedale Kennels (Formerly Waslioe Kennels), Box 1412, Anaconda, Montana. Tlie quality relmains the same. BEAGLES AT STUD. FIELD WINNER. ^PUP FOR sale. James A. Whalen, Whitehall, New York. COLLIES THE LARGEST AND BEST COLLIES IK this country for their age Sent on approval Book on the training and care of Collies, fifty cents. Dundee Collie Kennels, Dundee, Mich. WHITE COLLIES, BEAUTIFUL. INTELLI- gent, refined and useful; pairs not a kin for sale. The Shomont. Monticello, la. GUN DOGS LLEWELLIN, ENGLISH. IRISH SETTER pups and trained dogs, also Irish Water Spaniels. Chesapeake Bay Retriever. Pointers both in pups and trained dogs. Inclose stamps for price lists. Thoroughbred Kennels, Atlantic, Iowa. HOUNDS EXTRA WELL-TRAINED FOX HOUNDS ; guaranteed satisfactorv. I. H. Miller, Christiana, Pa. FOR SALE— AT ALL TIMES. HOUNDS FOE any game. Trial allowed. Send stamp for list. Mt. Yonah I'arm Kennels, Cleveland, Ga. FOR SALE— HIGH - CLASS WALKER FOX hounds. Broken right and can deliver the goods in any company. Price, reasonable. Stamp for reply. Arthur Sampey. Springfield, Mo. IRISH WOLFHOUND. MALE. EIGHTEEN months old. Also nine good Russian Wolfhound IJiippies. Penwood Kennels. Reg., Sparrow Point, Md. WESTMINSTER KENNELS. TOWER HILL, Illinois, offers Fox, Wolf, and Coyotte hounds that will get their share of the race in any com- pany. Also Coon, Skunk, Oppossum and Rabbit hounds. Ten days trial allowed. Young das'" just beginning to trail, nine dollars each. -\lso choice puppies. We take Liberty Bonds and w. s. s. SPANIELS COCKER, SPANIELS. HIGHEST QUALITY English and American strains; hunting, attractive auto and family dogs; puppies, males, $15; fe- males, $10. Obo Cocker Kennels, “Englewood,” Denver, Colorado. TERRIERS IRISH TERRIERS — UNRELATED PAIR FOR breeding. Also some excellent puppies. Pennwood Kennels, Reg., Sparrows Point, Md. 142 For i: S T A N I) STREAM March, 1919 OVER HERE AND COMFORT CAMP PILLOWS me* so r(xil and yielding that the most restful, bcneih-ial slet-p is assured. Tliese piihAVs have rein >vahK* wasl) covers and are SANITARY- VERMIN and WATERPROOF. Will last for years*, ami Nvhen deflated can be carried in your IXK'ket. The only practical pillow for all uses. Three Sizes: 11 x IG— $2.25, IG x 21— $2.75, 17 X 2G — $2.50. Postpaid anywhere in U. S. A. Satisfaction is giiaranteei! or money refunded, (’atalor: Free <HN80N SMITH & CO.. Dept.721 • 64 West Lake Street. CbicaffO ONLvaSe a Asenta Wanted Catl^urOwliHai^ THIS SAFETY HAIR CUTTER , If you can COMB your hair you can cut your own hair with thi;4 marveloua invention. Cuta the hair any desired lencrth, short or lonff. 'Does the job as nicely as any barber in quarter . . J time, before your own mirror. You can cut the children’s hair at home in a jiffy. Can be used as an ordinary razor to shave the face or finish around temple or neck. Sharpened like any razor. I.asts a lifetime. Saves its cost first time used. PRICE ONLY 35c. postpaid. Extra Blades Se each. JOHNSON SMITH A CO., Dept 7?1 . S4W. Lake St.. CHICAGO A PAINTER OF FISH iOSE of our readers who admire or pos- sess copies of the fish pictures by H. A. Driscole, which ap- pear on the covers of Forest and Stream from time to time must know instinctively that the artist is him- self a fisherman and a graduate of the great school of out^pf-doors. Of course there was a time when he studied tech- nique and at that period he had the advantage of working under George L. Frankelstein, the landscape painter. But there is quite a difference be- tween an urban studio and Mr. Dris- cole’s present work shop — the later being nothing more or less than a canoe on Lake Mohegan, New York. Fishing and painting in a canoe seems incongi’uous to mcret of us, for those of us who wield the paddle usually fight shy of the brush and vice versa, but Mr. Driscole is quite original in that and declares that there is no other way in which he can get bass and trout in ac- tion. By means of snubbing and rapid brush woi’ks he gets his models into just the desired position and then obtains the light effects and varied colors which make his canvasses so full of vitality. As far as the anatomy of fishes goes Mr. Driscole has long had that down to a fine art and it only takes him a few I minutes to block in his work. Lake Mohegan is not very far from New York and if the fish there really are as full of fight as Mr. Driscole por- trays them then a trip to the lake would i be well worth while. I NATIONAL RECREATION GROUNDS Last year the National Forests pro- vided $7,500,000 worth of recreation to the people of the United States, ac- cording to a statement of Landscape Architect Frank A. Waugh in his publi- cation “Recreation Uses on the National Forests,” just issued by the U. S. De- partment of Agriculture. The Government charges i.o adniission fee to these great recreation grounds, containing some of the finest hunting, fishing, and camping places in the world ; but if citizens had paid the minimum price demanded for wholesome recrea- tion by commercial dealers in that com- modity, and willingly paid by the pub- lic, the total would have reached the above amount. More than 3,000 000 peo- ple spent on the average not less than 25 hours in the Forests, so that the number of hours of recreation was at least 75,000,000. A valuation of 10 cents an hour equals the cost of a cheap movie. But the charge to the public for hunt- ing or fishing, for visiting the wonders of the National Monuments, for access to some of the finest scenery in the world, for automobiling and picnicing was nothing — a low enough price to pay j for $7,500,000 worth of recreation. March, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 143 A LESSON IN FAITHFULNESS (continued from page 123) out there in that great pack of floating ice.” “Oh, he’ll get in, I guess, sometime,” said Ned slowly. “Anyway, I won’t give him up. I tell you what, we’ll go up to the cabin and make a fire and have some coffee. Then if he isn’t back by that time, you can light out for home if you like, and I’ll wait for him.” Jim agreed to the proposal, and was soon sitting by a crackling blaze in the cabin while Ned heated some coffee he had brought, and opened a package of sand- wiches. “Well,” said Jim at last with a yawn, “it’s nearly twelve, and I think I’ll make a break for town. You’d better come along. If the dog makes shore at all he’ll follow on home.” “No,” said Ned, “I'll wait. You take your pick of the two birds, and I’ll go out and rustle up some more fuel.” They parted outside the cabin, Jim mak- ing for the road while Ned took the path to the beach. The moon was well past the merWian, the shadows had shifted around the bluff, and the outspread marsh had taken on a new aspect. The icy wind soughing among the reeds, the water lap- ping on the beach, and the grating of broken ice were the only sounds to break the stillness. The low line of the farther shore across the bay was a mere melting shadow, and occasionally, far out, a deeper, moving shadow and twinkling light re- vealed some vessel making up to port. The compelling beauty of it all held the man as he gazed awhile. Then the chilling wind brought him to action, and collect- ing an armful of driftwood he returned to the cabin. THUS the night wore on. He dozed a little by the fire, rousing now and ■.I’.en to throw on another stick, or to go to the door and look out, or to stroll about outside and bring in more fire- wood. lie fell asleep finally, his head on his arms folded upon the tabje, and waked at last with a start. The lantern was flickering out, the fire had died out to a few red coals, and there was a chill in the air. He threw on some wood and bj' the blaze looked at his watch. It was nearly four. Then he went to the door and looked out. In the west the moon was sinking behind the trees that edged the road, which looked dim in the paling light and length- ening shadows. lie swept the scene with a disheartened glance, there was no living thing \isible. "Not much use waiting longer,” he thought as he shut the door and went back to the fire. He sat awhile gazing gloomily into it. Until now he had not known how much he really loved the dog. Perhaps Jim was r:ght and he had been swamped in the floating ice, worn out by the vain effort to effect a landing. The thought caught him in the throat and choked him. and made him restless. He got up and went outside, pacing to and fro with his eyes on the road. After all these hours that was the only way the dog could have come. Reluctantly at last he turned again toward the cabin and paused at the thresh- old for a last searching gaze. Was that — could that be a moving shadow by the bush where the path and road met ? He took a sudden step forward and waited. Yes, surely it moved, turning slowly into the path, advancing slowly. Yes, it vi'as the dog. ‘“Tony!” he shouted excitedly. The dog quickened his pace a little, hampered a-, he was, and as his master reached him laid down the great dead bird, and looked up for approval. Ned was down on his knees, a hand on each shaggy' ice-covered ear, shaking the big head slowly as he half- sobbed : “Why', Tony, old boy', good old boy'.” Later, in the cabin, having eagerly de- voured the remaining sandwiches, Tony' lay before the fire gnawing the ice from his shaggy legs and paws, and finally stretched himself for slumber, while the i ice that entirely covered his thick coat, slowly melted in the heat and formed pud- dles around him. Underneath that icy cover the soft, fine, close hair next the skin was warm and dry. Ned sat and watched him, pondering deeply. Visions rose before him of the long hours of battling for life and duty in that icy' water, and of weary travel after landing. Six miles fully by the road, he knew it well, and more by the shore-line. A lesson in faithfulness surely! Time wore on ; again the fire died down and an intense chill crept into the little room. The dog was growing restless in his sleep. Ned roused him with a word, then raking out the fire he made all safe and left the cabin. The moon had set, the wind had died, and in the weird stillness and gray ness of approaching dawn the man and dog took their homeward way. THE ENGLISH SETTER CLUB . OF AMERICA i The English Setter Club of Amer- ica announces that the 14th Annual i Fields Trials will be held at ?.Iedford, ! N. J., starting April 1, 1919. As usual, five stakes will be run — the | Members Derby and Members All-Age, open only to English Setters owned and handled by an amateur member of the Club; an Open Derby and Open All-Age, and a Free for All, open to all Setters, Pointers and Griffons. The Club has the privilege of running their trials over the farm owned by the “Friends of the Hunting Dog.” This property contains 155 acres, on which have been liberated a number of Bob White Quail and English Pheasants; in addition to these enough new birds will be liberated during the running to as- sure every dog an ample opportunity to show his bird finding ability. It has been found that the English Setter Club’s plan of running all dogs over the same course known to hold birds proves the fairest to all competitors. The inaugural trials of this Organization were held on the prop- erty of Mr. George C. Thomas, Jr., at Chestnut Hill, Pa., with only sixteen Large Game Preserve For Sale Robinson Crusoe’s Island Outdone! St. Vincent Island, Fla., in the Gulf of Mexico, containing over 13,000 acres of pine forest, fresh water lakes, grassy savannahs, wild boar, native Virginia and Osceola deer, also imported Indian deer, wild cattle, turkey, millions of ducks and all varieties of fish. The Island with bungalows, hunting lodges, yachts, boats and vehicles for sale to close an estate. Easily protected. Many thousands acres of finest pine trees. Booklet sent on request. For informa- tion inquire R. W. Pierce, 663 Main Street, Buffalo, New York. The soldier, camper or huntei — any- one who lives in the big outdoors nccd^ SEND ONE TO VOUR SOLDIER Waterproof Match Box '•'’Ilian loo. Ifa better, safer than carrying niatches loose in the pocket. Holds good supply of matches, la absolutel waterproof. Right siw; for pocket. Wifi last alifetime. Approved for army use. Thousands carried by ofRcera and pnvatee. Goods or fjardwars f^res. or direct by mail upon receipt of price tfi5c postpaid). Write for caUlo* of Marble’s Sixty Specialties for Sportsmen. MARBLE ARMS &. MFG. CO. 526 Delta Ave. Gladstone, Mich. Don’t Wear a Truss ■DR O OK S’ APPLI. _ -ANCE, the modern scientific invention, the wonderful new discovery that relieves rupture will he sent on trial. No ob- noxious springs or pads. Has Automatic Air Cush- ions. Binds and draws the broken parts together ■ns you would a broken limb. No salves. No lies. Durable, cheap. Sent on trial to prove it. Protected by U. S. Patents. Catalogue and measure blanks mailed free. Send name and address today. C. E. BROOKS, 185 State Street, Marshall, Mich. Every Camper has his own ideas what his camp will require for his convenience. Here are a few suggestions of things you may need: Tents, Camp Furniture. Cots. . Messkits Canteens. Compass. Blankets, Ponchos. Rubber Boots, Army Shoes. Leggings, Sweaters, Flannel Shirts, Hunting Coats, Hats. Caps. Khaki Pants. Army, Navy, and Scout Outfits an. _>0 cents. Filtered in Xew York Pnst Oftice a- Secund Class Mail Matter. THE FIRST OUTDOOR JOURNAL PUBLISHED IN FOUNDERS OF THE AUDUBON SOCIETY AMERICA PUBLISHED CONTINUOUSLY SINCE 1873 Vol. LXXXIX CONTENTS FOR APRIL, 1919 PAGE A Spring Bear Hunt in Cassiar. . . 151 By Arthur H. Banuou Bygone Days on Caddo Lake 156 By J. A. Phillips The Anatomy of the Canoe 158 By Forest Harloiv The Gulf Rangers — Part Six — “ Cruising Up the Thickehuna- hatchee ” 160 By H\ Lh’ingston Lamed Trout and Water Conditions 164 By Ernest Warren Brocknay No. '4 PAGE How TO Tie the Artificial Fly.. 166 By Dr. Harry Gove Editorial Comment 168 Migration South of the Equator 170 By Robert Cushman Murphy The Bard of the Kuskokwim 171 By John P. Holman Nessmuk’s Camp Fire 172 Letters, Questions and Answers 174 The Tyro’s Primer — Part Six... 178 By Captain Roy S. Tinney The Gordon Setter 192 Entered as second-class matter, January 21, 1915, at the tost office at New York, A. Y., under the Act of March 3, 1879. GOVERNING BOARD C. E. AKELEY. Museum of Natural History. New York. N. Y. FRANK S. DAGGETT. Museum of Science. Los Angeles, Cal. EDMUND HELLER, Smithsonian Inst., Washington, D. C. C. HART MERRIAM. Biological Survey, Washington, D. C. WILFRED OSGOOD, Field ^useum. Chicago, 111. JOHN M. PHILLIPS, Pittsburgh, Pa. CHARLES SHELDON, Washington. D. C. GEORGE SHIRAS. Ill, Washington, D. C. GEORGE BIRD GRINNELL, New York. N. Y. The Forest and Stream Publishing Company Nine East Fortieth Street, New York City 146 Forest and s t r e a :\i April, 1919 At the Greatest Center of Military, Naval and Aerial Activity in America The Hotel Chamberlin at Fortress Monroe, Virginia, is one of the Finest Holiday Hotels in the Western Hemisphere Chamberlin directly faces Hampton Roads. Immediately I in front of the Hotel is the site of the New Naval Training Base. Langley Field, the show place for aviation in America, is but a few miles away. Among the other attractions of Old Point Comfort — is the accessibilitj'. The fare is but a small fraction of that to any resort situated in the South. The Medicinal Bath Department (under authoritative medical direction) duplicates every Bath and Treatment given at European Spas. A fine Eighteen-Hole Golf Course with turf fairways, grass putting greens. Send for colored Aeroplane Map of the Course (the only one of its kind ever made in America). “Golf” and other booklets dealing with every phase of life at The Chamberlin. Write today to: F. Adams, Manager, Fortress Monroe, Va. New York Offices: Bertha Ruffner Hotel Bureau, McAlpin Hotel, Cook's Tours, or “Ask Mr. Foster" at any of his offices. VUicof Hold Chamberlin and Old Point Comfort Ta^en from Caproni Tiiplant* I j 1 I NEWFOUNDLAND A Country of Fish and Game A Paradise for the Camper and Angler Ideal Canoe Trips The country traversed by the Reid Newfoundland Company’s system is exceedingly rich in all kinds of Fish and Game. All along the route of the Railway are streams famous for their Salmon and Trout fishing, also Caribou barrens. Americans who have been fishing and hunting in New- foundland say there is no other country in the world in which so good fishing and hunting can be secured and with such ease as in Newfoundland. Information, together with illustrated Hooklet and Folder, cheerfully forwarded upon application to F. E. PITTMAN, General Passenger Agent REID NEWFOUNDLAND COMPANY ST. JOHN’S, NEWFOUNDLAND “Kinks” is full of good stuff — ideas furnished by true sportsmen. There are helpful hints for hunters, hikers, campers, fishermen and vacationists — new ways of saving time and money — simple stunts that every man ough^ to think out for himself — but doesn’t. It tells how to fix up emergency “rigs” when the “store stuff” fails or is left behind. And almost every “Kink” is illustrated so plainly that every picture makes your fingers fairly itch to try the stunt j-ourself. Send us $3.00 and secure a copy of “Kinks” together with a full year’s subscription to Forest & Stream. Price of “Kinks” alone, $1.50. FOREST & STREAM, 9 E. 40th SL, New York City DO YOU KNOW that for .iust 10 cents a day you can give a child to France ? The men of France have died fightinf? our battles. The women and children of France are left to bear the burden. $36.50 a year, added to the small allowance of the French Government, will save a child for the new France. Will you subscribe $.10 a day. $3 a month. $36.50 a year; payable monthly, quarterly or yearly. Every penny of the money collected goes to the chil- dren. Expenses are paid from a separate fund. Prove your patriotism by helping immediately, prac- tically and personally, our ally, France. Ten Cents a day means little to you. WTien a grate- ful letter comes from some little child in France you will know how much it means there. $ .10 keeps a child 1 day $36.50 keeps a child 1 yr. 3.00 “ “ *' 1 mo. 73.50 “ " 2 yrs. Date I pledge j $36.50.... for a aged .... in Ita myself > home for .... years a. I $ for .... children in their own ^ ® 7 homes for .... years I enclose herewith $ in payment for the above and pledge myself to give the remainder in payments. CROSS OUT THE PARA- GRAPHS YOU DO.N'T ACCEPT I promise to give the same auount next year. 1 wish to know the name and address of the child or children. Signed Address * Oiecks should be drawn to *‘THE FATHERLESS CHILDRE.X OF FRANXE CO.MiUTTEE" and mailed to the Chicago Treasurer, DAVID R. FORGAN. Room 741 Fine Arts Building. Chicago. J. KANNOFSKY Practical Glass Blower and manufacturer of artificial eyes for birds, ani* mals and manufacturing purposes a gpecialtj. Send for prices. All kinds of heads and skulia for furriers and taxidermists. 363 CANAL STREET NEW YORK Please mention “Forest and Stream” HADDON HALL ATLANTIC CITY ALWAYS OPEN RIGHT ON THE BEACH AND THE BOARDWALK Appeals particularly to cultivated people who seek rest and recreation at the Sea Shore, Summer or \\ inter. From every section of the country such guests have come to Haddon Hall for 40 years — and come back again and again — it is so satisfying, so free from ostentation, so comfort- able and sufficient. Every facility is offered young and old for enjoyment. A step and you are in tlie surf. Fascinat- ing shops and a thousand amusements are offered along the famous Boardwalk. Privileges of fine golf and yacht clubs. Rooms are comfortable and attractive — there is delightful music — and always in- teresting people. ^lahe rcserz'atiofis — •write for illustrated folder. LEEDS & LIPPINCOTT The Blue Grass Farm Kennels OF BEERY, KENTUCKY offer for sale Setters and Pointers, Fox and Cat Hounds, Wolf and Deer Hounds, Coon and Opos- sum Hounds, A’armint and Rabbit Hounds, Bear and Lion Hounds also Airedale Terriers. AH dogs shipped on trial, purchaser alone to judge the quality. Satisfaction guaranteed or money refunded. 60-page, highly illustrated, interesting and instructive catalogue for lOt* in stamps or coin. April, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 147 Make the Aerothrust Your Fishing Companion The Aerothrust is the best fishing pal you ever had. The Aerothrust will do all the rowing and let you do all the fishing. Could anything be fairer than that? Attach an Aerothrust to your boat and take all the backache and hand-blisters out of that long pull against the wind or cur- rent to where “they are bitin’.” The Aerothrust is an improvement on every other type of detachable motor. Here’s why : — First, the aeroplane propeller takes no punishment from submerged rocks, logs or weeds. Second, you never have to worry about depth of water. If you scratch bottom your propeller is in the air out of harm’s way. The Aerothrust will take you anywhere it’s damp! Third, you will get greater speed under all _ kinds of conditions than with the underwater propeller. Fourth, you are independent of piers and docks for landing — just run her nose right up on the beach. "Oa^- "OVJw/udfit.a.'' CiO wo iAa a a ^f*'**“ 0l\ ■ . Fifth, when fishing you can navigate shallow streams without roiling up the water. Ask your dealer or write for illustrated booklet. Canadian Boat & Engine Exchange, Ltd., Exclusive Canadian Jobbers, Wesley Bldg., Toronto, Can. AEROTHRUST ENGINE CO. 517 Washington Street LA PORTE, IND. A Practical Book on the Popular Fresh Water Game Fish, the Tackle Necessary and How to Use It By DIXIE CARROLL *’The National Sportsman” and Fishing Editor of *‘The Chisago Herald,” President of ”The American Anglers* League’* Net $2,00. Postage Extra Detroit Free Press: “Mr. Carroll describes the habits and ‘fads’ of our fresh water game fish; tells about baits, lures, and tackle; adds facts that cover fishing conditions in different seasons, all in conversationally breezy and informing fashion.” A book of Fish and Fishing, written In a "pal" to "pal" style from actual Oshing €xi>eriences. The basses, muskellonge. pike, pickerel, wall-eyed pike and trout treated in a thorough manner as to habits and peculiarities. Baits and lures that attract game fish, and how to use them. Simple and expert methods of bait and fly casting. The reason for each piece of tackle and how to use it. The fighting actions of game fish from strike to landing net Seasonable facts that affect the fishing conditions. Information that will be found Inraluable to the beginner and the exi>erienc€d angler. Send for your copy now or BETTER YET send $4.00 for a two years* subscription to Forest and Stream and we’ll mail a copy of this hook FREE Log Cabins and Cottages (Sixth Edition) How to Build and Furnish Them By WILLIAM S. WICKS The most popular book on the subject ever written. Full explanations how to build cabins of all sizes with directions and numerous illustrations. Everything from a shack to the most pretentious Adirondack structure, is included. Pictures and plans of fireplaces; how to build chim- neys; rustic stairways, etc. PRICE, $1.50 FOREST & STREAM, (Book Dept.) 9 East 40th Street NEW YORK CITY Forest and Stream Publishing Company 9 East 40th Street New York City 148 FOREST AND STREAM April, 1919 Central Park, — 74l/t and 75lh Streets Overlooking Central Park’s most pictur- esque lake Especially attractive during the Fall and Winter months. Appeals to fathers, mothers and children. Rooms and bath — $2.50 upwards. Parlor, bedroom and bath — $4.00 per day and upwards. SPECIAL WEEKLY RATES. Please Write for Illustrated Booklet. Ownership Management — Edmund M. Brennan. Fish in Quebec- You will find a maze of lakes and streams in the beautiful Quebec country — the waters full of Gamy Trout and Bass Delightful canoe ' trips through forest water- paths among age-worn Laurentian mountains. Write for full particulars to A. O. SEYMOUR, General Tourist Agent. Canadian Pacific Railway, Montreal, Canada Easy to Reach’ ^ I FOREST & STREAM (BOOK DEP*T) A BOOK OF BOOKS BUNGALOWS, CAMPS AND MOUNTAIN HOUSES Containing a large variety of designs by many architects, matiy of which are suitable only for summer u.se while others are adapted for perma- nent residence. Camps, hunting lodges and log cabins are also presented, .suggesting designs for vacation dwellings in woods and mountains. Compiled by WILLIAM PHILLIPS COMSTOCK With an article by C, E. SCHERMERHORN, A.A.I.A., Architect Price, $2,00. 9 East 40th Street. New York City I I STATEMENT OF THE OWNEHSHIP, MAN- AGEMENT, CIRCULATION, ETC., EE- QUIEED BY THE ACT OF CON- GRESS OF AUGUST 24, 1912, of Forest and Stream, published monthly at New York, N. Y., for October 1, 1918. State of New York, County of New York, ss. : Before me, a Notary Public, in and for the State and county aforesaid, personally appeared J. T. Wood, who, having been duly sworn accord- ing to law', deposes and says that he is the Busi- ness Manager of the Forest and Stream and that the following is, to the best of his knowledge and belief, a true statement of the ownership, manage- ment (and if a daily paper, the circulation), etc., of the aforesaid publication for the date shown in the above caption, required by the Act of August 24, 1912, embodied in section 443, Postal Laws and Regulations, printed on the reverse of this form, to wit: 1. That the names and addresses of the pub- lisher, editor, managing editor, and business man- agers are: Publisher, Forest and Stream Publishing Co., 9 East 40th St., N. Y. City. Editor, William Bruette, 9 East 40th St., N. Y. City. Managing Editor, William Bruette, 9 East 40th St.. N. Y. City. Business Managers, J. T. Wood, 9 East 40th St., N. Y. City. 2. That the owners are. (Give names and ad- dresses of individual owners, or, if a corporation, give its name and the names and addresses of stockholders owning or holding 1 per cent or more of the total amount of stock.) Forest and Stream Publishing Co., 9 East 40th St., New York, N. Y. ; William Bruette, 9 East 40th St., New York, N. Y. ; C. A. Reed, 9 East 40th St., New York, N. Y. ; H. C. Mallory, 9 East 40th St., New York, N. Y. ; Norwood Johnson, Pittsburgh, Pa.; George Bird Grinnell, 238 £. 15th St., New York, N. Y. ; Jay Hall, Pinehurst, N. C.; Charles MacGordon, Michigan City, Miss.- - 3. That the known bondholders, mortgagees, and other security holders owning or holding 1 per cent or more of total amount of bonds, mortgages, or other securities are: (If there are none, so state.) None. 4. That the two paragraphs next above, giving tlie names of the owners, stockholders, and secur- ity holders, if any, contain not only the list of stockholders and security holders as they appear upon the books of the company but also, in cases where the stockholder or security holder appears upon the books of the company as trustee or in any other fiduciary relation, the name of the per- son or corporation for whom such trustee is act- ing, is given ; also that the said two paragraphs contain statements embracing affiant’s full knowl- edge and belief as to the circumstances and con- ditions under which stockholders and security hol- ders who do not appear upon the books of the com- pany as trustees, hold stock and securities in a capacity other than that of a, bona fide owner; and this affiant has no reason to believe that any other person, association, or corporation has any interest direct or indirect in the said stock, bonds, or other securities than as so stated by him. J. T. WOOD, Business Manager. Sworn to and subscribed before me this 3d day of October, 1918. [Seal.] JEANNE VOLLENHOVEN. (My commission expires March 30, 1920.) ROBERT H. ROCKWELL 753 East 32nd St., Brooklyn, N. Y. FACTORY-TO-RIDER “ SAVES you MONEY Buy direct and save $10 to $20 on a bicycle. RANGER BICYCLES DOW come in 44 styles, colors and sizes. Greatly improved; prices reduced. Other reliable models also* DELIVER FREE to you on approvoi and SO days trial and riding test Our biff FREE catalog show* everything new in bicycles aod sod* dries. Write for it TIRES, lamps, wheels, parts ead supplies at half usual phees, Oo not buy a bicycle, tires, ot sundries until you get our wonder* _ — «r » offers.low prices and liberal sr»ng0r lUrms. A postal brings everything. f'tihleS \ U E A n CYCLE COMPANY olltotSik^ MCAU DepLK-m Chlcasa April, lyiy FOREST AND STREAM 149 Home-2,000,000 Marksmen! Look to your laurels Brother Trapshooter. Two million gun-wise soldiers, justly proud of their gunskill, are now coming back to prove their prowess. TRAPSHOOTING will soon be in full blast and greater than ever. The soldier knows. He “loves” a gun. The call of the big outdoors, the call of the traps, rings like music in his ears. Gun clubs in almost every city of this country will be the headquarters for this war’s veterans. Better improve your own skill now. Be ready to compete at the traps with the man who has worn the khaki. Just-out-of-the-service-men and men in every walk of life keep up your shooting. If there is no gun club in your town, start one. We’ll tell you how: Write Sporting Powder Division E. I. DU PONT DE NEMOURS & COMPANY ESTABLISHED 1802 WILMINGTON, DEL. Plants, Warehouses, and Sales Offices in principal business centers The Principal du Pont Products are: "• Explosives: Industrial, .Agricultural and Sporting. 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Write for illus- trated “Bristol” Steel Fishing Rods and Meek and Bluegrass Reels catalog today — IT’S FREE. THE HORTON MFC. CO. 84 Horton Street Bristol, Conn. I A SPRING BEAR HUNT IN CASSIAR UP THE STIKINE INTO A REGION OF GREAT MOUNTAINS. BLUE GLACIERS AND LONELY VALLEYS AT THE TIME OF THE NORTHLAND’S AWAKENING Many big game hunters have hunted the mountain ranges of Cassiar in the vicinity of Telegraph Creek during the month of September and early in October. Very few hunters have undertaken a spring bear hunt in that vicinity. Examine a map showing the course of the Stikine river in western British Columbia and it will be seen that this river empties into the Pacific near W r a n g e 1 1, Alaska. About one hundred and forty miles up the river the Clearwater flows into the Sti- kine and about twenty-five miles farther up the Sti- kine is the village of Telegraph Creek. It was along the Clear- water and the Sti- kine that I deter- mined to take a short spring bear hunt because I knew that the bears were there and because little is known of that territory as a game range. In 1891 Messrs. Clive Phillips-Wol- ley and Arnold Pike hunted bear along the Stikine in October. Unfortunately they selected the rainy season for their hunt and obtained a most unfavorable impression. In the first volume upon Big Game Shooting in the Badminton Libra- ry Mr. Wolley thus describes the gloom that surrounded them : “The part of Alaska in which we were hunting in 1891 appears to have escaped from that process described in Genesis by which the waters which were above the firmament were divided from the waters which were under the firmament. BY ARTHUR H. BANNON On the Stikine river there is no firma- ment. As a rule, a damp darkness broods upon the face of the deep, and the waters which should be above touch and mingle with the waters which should be below. There is no dry belt between the bottom of the sea and the roof of heaven, at least in that district which lies between Wrangell and Telegraph Creek, in the month of October.” During May and early June I found the weather conditions just the reverse. But, of course, in the autumn the weather conditions along the Stikine in the vicinity of the Coast Range where Messrs. Pike and Wolley were hunting, are just as described by them. Though farther to the east in the Telegraph Creek region the September weather is usually pleasant. Ordinarily one can go up the Stikine in the spring early in May after the ice has run out, but the winter of 1917-18 was unusually severe in Cassiar so the ice was not out of the river until May fif- teenth and when the channel was finally cleared I was ready to go for I had been waiting at Wrangell four days. With the last of the ice came the man with whom I hunted, Mr. A. B. Conover. He is one of the best companions of the many men with whom I have associated. He had drifted down behind the ice in a Peterboro canoe, and as we went up the river I could see by the floes still gorged in places that he had taken some risk in coming so close be- hind the ice. With him was a Stikine river trapper whose supply of white man’s food had given out a month before the river ice broke up, so he had nothing to eat except beaver meat dur- ing that time. But he lost nothing in the way of white man’s food as he soon made up for lost time. Up the Stikine The Stikine being clear of ice, the first gasoline boat of the season soon started for Telegraph Creek and we were on board. This boat car- ried the first supplies tak^n to that re- gion since October. I had been over the route in the fall of the year and thought it a beautiful trip in spite of rains and mists that prevail during the autumn; but this time we had perfect weather. From the shore lines up to the highest peaks the snow was from three to twenty feet deep. Everything was white except Is this a Glacier Bear? Contents Copyright, 1919, by Forest and Stream Publishing Co. 151’ For K S 1' AND S T R E A M April, 1919 The cabin of a gold prospector the river and the dark cliffs here and there in the mountains too steep to retain the snow. Winding in and out through the canyons and flats with the bright sun overhead and the glistening white moun- tains on either side was most enchanting. Everything went well until some water in the gasoline caused the engine to stop and we drifted at the mercy of the swift current. We had no anchor, a serious oversight. Conover and one of the crew took the end of a rope and pushed off ahead in a canoe as the rope was played out to them until they got far enough in advance of the boat to drop ashore and take a hitch around a fallen tree and secure the boat to the bank. We had gone about one and a half miles in a very short time, and it is due to the skill of our pilot that we kept in deep water and clear of snags. The long daylight enabled the boat to travel all one night and lay up but five hours another. On the way up we met three parties of Indians from Telegraph Creek who had followed the ice for the purpose of trapping beaver. We reached Conover’s cabin early in the morning of the sixteenth. It is lo- cated about five miles above the Clear- ' water and is all alone in a big cotton- wood flat. When the cabin was built it was near the deep water, but now the channel has moved to the other side of the river. The channel of the Stikine is ever changing. Saved From Remorse W~ EARIED from our two nights on the gasoline boat we slept after breakfast and then adjusted an out-board motor to the canoe. By the time that was finished I located a bear feeding on the mountain side across the river. An examination of the surround- ings with a field glass indicated that he might be reached from an old mining trail which passed below him. It must be borne in mind that everywhere, except immediately along the shore line, the snow was still deep and soft in the day- time, so that going to a bear by direct line was impossible. We tried the mine trail after dinner but could not make it. On our return we passed a miner’s cabin and, borrowing his fishing pole and line, caught several mountain trout at the mouth of a small brook. Where the clear mountain stream met the muddy river there were plenty of trout. After supper I saw another bear in a much nearer place. Tried for him also but when I reached the location where he had been he had moved so high up among the rocks and brush that it was too late to reach him. We spent the next day in the canoe slipping noiselessly along the river and through some sloughs watching for griz- zlies, but saw none. They hibernate at higher altitudes than do the blacks and the deeper snow higher up was evident- ly keeping them in. We saw four or five black bear that day. One we stalked to within about one hundred and seventy-five yards and from a steady rest I overshot. She had a cub with her and my poor marksmanship spared me the remorse which might have resulted from having made a cub bear an orphan. I saw the cub before I shot but did not think of the remorse until after I had missed the shot, which is poor ethics. Up the Clearwater Everything was now in readiness for a hunt of several days up the Clearwater. Our object was to get to its headwaters as soon as possible and then float back in the canoe, hunting on the way, thereby enabling us to make the hunt in comfort and without the dis- comfort we would encounter in the deep and wet snow. Floating with the cur- rent our movements would be noiseless and hardly noticeable to game near the river. Trout fishing along the Clear- water was excellent. By putting out a set pole baited with meat we could al- most invariably land a two or three pound trout upon return to the pole. With rod and reel I caught a Dolly Var- den weighing about four and one-fourth pounds and twenty-seven inches long. It put up an interesting fight. Ducks were flying in abundance, having returned from their winter in the south. However, we were neither fishing nor duck hunting but looking for the grizzly bears that hibernate in dens in the higher altitudes and leave their winter quarters in the spring with the disappearing snows. These bears as a rule are better furred than those feeding on the salmon and living near the sea. The coats of the latter are often badly rubbed, man- gy and coarse. But this spring the dis- appearance of the snow was tantalizingly slow. As we could not find any bear tracks in the snow we were forced to the conclusion that the unusually late spring was prolonging their hiberna- tion. There was feed for them in abun- dance along the river. The odors borne by the breezes announced the presence of many carcasses of salmon that died late the previous fall, and had been frozen all winter. We passed the unmolested remains of two moose, equally redolent. These moose had drowned in attempting to cross the ice, for even in this cold cli- mate the swift water or some warm springs on the bottom of the river may render certain places dangerous to heavy creatures crossing on the ice. Running ice in the Stikine RiTer April, 1919 FOREST AND STREAIM 153 The nest of the wild goose In Deep Snow ONE morning Conover, after crossing the river in the canoe, went over a wide flat to one of his cabins. I remained in camp, fishing and watchng for bears. Soon I saw a grizzly about a mile away coming up the middle of the flat Conover had crossed. About the same time Conover started upon his re- turn, he and the bear traveling at right angles towards each other. For a while it looked as though they would either meet or discover each other. The bear was laboring through deep snow, which gave way under his weight, and Conover had his head down following his old foot- steps in the snow and picking his way to avoid the soft places. I could not get his attention without alarming the bear so I remained quiet and he passed about one hundred and fifty yards in front of the bear and in full view of him. Each was too busy with the snow to see the other. As soon as Conover crossed the river we returned to head off the bear if possible. But he reached the timber and disap- peared. I followed as fast as I could and had the bear gone either up or down the river one of us would have seen him but the wily old rascal went straight up the mountain side which lay on the other side of the flat. His trail led up the trunk of a leaning tree and into the heavy timber where I lost it. It was too steep to follow without using my hands to aid in climbing, and in such cases I want my hands employed with a rifle. Had I any idea the bear would take straight up the mountain side I probably could have seen him going up in front of me but I kept watch up and down the valley as I expected him to take that course. We went up the Clearwater until the mountains with their many glaciers were closed in about us and the valley was quite narrow. Then, as we desired as wide a view as possible for grizzly bear hunting, we decided to return and look for bears lower down where the season was farther advanced. The mountans at the head waters of the Clearwater which form the interna- tional boundary line between the United States and British Columbia are so inac- cessible on account of the snows and gla- ciers that the boundary line has never been accurately located and marked, nor have the peaks along the watershed be- tween the Pacific and the territory inside been identified. This in spite of the fact that several expeditions, composed of en- gineers from both the United States and Great Britain, have attempted it. The reason is obvious. In winter there is too much snow and in summer the thawing makes it dangerous from snow slides, gla- cier movements and mountain torrents. The canoe trip down the river was most delightful. My companion made me feel perfectly safe while the canoe was as steady as an ocean liner and traveled fast. We saw some goats feeding among the cliff’s, where the snow had melted off. They were well down on the mountain side but the season on goats was closed so we did not stop. We also passed some moose standing by the bank of the stream, and they permitted us to come quite near to them before shying. Is This a Glacier Bear? WE saw bear tracks along the snow but no bears until we came upon the carcass of a moose drowned while attempting to cross the ice during the winter. The carcass was on the end of a small island about ten yards from the main shore and a bear was in pos- session. We drifted swiftly for a hun- dred yards or so until within about fifty yards of the bear when I shot him in the breast, the bullet passing through and breaking his neck. He fell into the water and for a while it looked as though he would sink for his head went under as he struggled to keep his feet. With the tenacity of bears, however, he slowly dragged himself through the water and up the bank on the main shore. My com- panion held the bow of the canoe towards the bear as we floated past him and ad- vised me not to shoot again until he was out of the water and had reached a place where we could get at him. I did so. He would weigh about three hundred and fifty pounds and his prime coat of long silky hair is black as coal, except on the sides, where it is a beautiful grey. He also had the usual brown markings of a black bear about the face and his whole makeup was undoubtedly that of the ordinary black bear species, but the grey sides made him unique and his skin by far the handsomest seen in that coun- try in many a year. The coloring of the fur of this bear is so unlike that of other black bears that the interesting question has been raised as to whether it is a glacier bear. That it is unusual is attested by the fact that I am offered for the pelt what to me seems a very large price. But I neither buy nor sell game or any part thereof. My experience in bear hunting has been Mountain sheep crossing an ice bank 154 FOREST AND STREAM April, 191& A vision of ice-bound ranges limited to hunts in Montana, the Bitter Roots in Idaho, on the MacMillan in Yukon, the Nahlin District in Cassair, and this hunt on the Stikine. My kill of bears totals five grizzlies and two blacks so I cannot say from personal ex- perience that this bear is a glacier bear. Of the many bear pelts that have come under my observation at trading posts none were like this one though of course I have seen black bears that were grey with age. Mr. E. W. Nelson in the National Geo- graphic Magazine for November, 1916, states that “the glacier bear is an Alas- kan animal, which occupies the seaward front of the Mount St. Elias Range, about Yakutat Bay, and thence southeast to Glacier Bay and a short distance be- yond to the interior.” To be sure the bear that I killed was not within this range but it was near Alaska, not far from the sea and in a country where there are many glaciers. So location decrees that my bear is not a glacier bear. But Mr. Nelson further tells us that it has been established by abundant proof that the glacier bear is “merely a color phase of the black bear.” If the color may determine the species I may have the right to claim a glacier bear. “Its color,” says Mr. Nelson, “varies exceed- ingly, from a light smoky, almost bluish, gray to a dark iron gray, becoming al- most black. Some individuals are ex- traordinary appearing beasts, quite un- like any other bear.” That is a good description of my bear. But Mr. Nel- son’s final observation that “the interest in this curious color development is in- creased by its restricted distribution” may deprive me of a glacier bear trophy which he states “is a highly prized tro- phy” if taken in a fair stalk. As all good bear hunters should do with unusual bear trophies I shall, in due time, send the skull to C. Hart Merriam and the pelt to E. W. Nelson for exam- ination. Should they say this bear is not of the coveted type the incident will be closed as far as I am concerned. from the shores of the Stikine Some Observations The Clearwater is about seventy-five miles long and flows from the east side of the Coast Range into the Stikine. The country drained by it has a fine climate on account of its location east of the Coast Range and away from the mist, fog and rain that make the Pacific coast in Alaska so intolerable. During the days spent on the Clear- water we had perfect weather, not a drop of rain nor a flake of snow; cold and frosty at night and warm in the daytime. The snow would bear our weight until about half past eight in the morning and then lookout. After that one would flounder to almost any depth. There was no place to walk except along the river’s edge where a slight rise had melted the snow from a narrow strip of land. We worked early and late, often leaving camp at six in the morning and not returning until eleven at night. But as the days were long there was plenty of light until late and practically no real darkness. We saw many ducks of many kinds and among them the beautiful harlequin duck. The spring days had brought the robins, thrushes and fly-catchers, the lat- ter to feed upon the flies and mosquitoes which come as soon as the snow begins to disappear. Eagles and fish hawks were seen every day, and their many old nests in unprotected places demonstrated that in this out of the way place the birds were unmolested during the nesting sea- son. The evidence that this is a favorite nesting ground was so apparent as to call for the reason. Conover explained that the existence of many nests is due to the fact that during June and July the river is so high on account of melting snows that it is impossible for one to take a boat up the stream and, there being no trail for men through the im- penetrable brush along its shores, the birds are not disturbed by human beings. None but a trapper would desire to go up the Clearwater and that river and its im- mediate confines are recognized as Con- over’s domain. By the custom of trap- pers he hunts and traps there without interference. Another reason why others, and especially the Indians, do not trap in this region is the very hard work necessary at any time to ascend the swift current. Therefore there is no disturb- ance of these nesting birds. The valley of the Clearwater for the most part is from one-half to a mile in width and the stream cuts through it in a winding course. Here over wide flats and in narrow canyons and there through several channels. Cottonwoods, willows, alders, birches, and quaking aspen pre- dominate among the deciduous trees, and spruce, balsam and pine among the ever- green trees. Everywhere the underbrush is so dense as to be impenetrable. We ate beaver meat occasionally and fish when we wanted them. A full grown beaver weighs about sixty pounds and the hams make a good roast. When sliced cold this flesh is good for lunch. I shot a muskrat and ate it and found it fully as good as the beaver. A ‘remarkable thing about the diet of the inhabitants of that country is that they do not eat ' The cabin of Mr. and Mrs. Jackson on the Stikine A°ril, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 155 Indians follow the run-out of ice in order to hxmt beaver bacon, or care for it. I made a present of a piece of excellent bacon to an old prospector who had lived on moose meat and fish all winter but he propmtly re- turned it with thanks. UPON our return to the cabin on the Stikine we met a young American twenty-four years old who had just come out of the mountains where he had been for a year with an uncle prospect- ing for gold. As I am always prone to ask questions I learned that he was eli- gible for the United States Army and had never registered. He said that he had thought of attending to it sometime, but upon my explaining to him the pen- alties for not having done so, he decided to attend to it at once. Like a good loyal American he went to Wrangell and reg- istered. This boy told us that for the two or three days before leaving his uncle’s cabin five grizzlies had been loafing about their mine and that he had seen another on the trail the day before. It was a twelve mile hike to that cabin and as it looked like a good bear hunting prospect we went there and though the boy’s uncle corroborated the boy in every respect, we did not see any bears but found the tracks of the one the boy had seen on the trail. The reason the boy did not go after the bears was that he had lost confidence in himself and his gun, as the result of having been obliged to take to a tree oc- casionally so he preferred to adopt the Golden Rule respecting bears, and espe- cially grizzlies. His uncle was the old prospector who did not like breakfast bacon. He cooked with moose fat, ate dried and corned moose meat, raised very good patotoes, and had worked until he had crippled himself, all for the hope of gold. He took me to a pit of gravel and washed a panful for my benefit showing me with pride the five little specks of color left in the bottom of the pan. He used a cradle and a rocker, sluice-boxes, and other primitive methods and had about three hundred dollars in nuggets and dust for his year’s work. He was writ- ing letters outside inviting men with money to come and invest in machinery and get rich quick, and at the same time help him to get rich. There was such a marked difference in the climate along the Clearwater from that along the Stikine, that we decided to start slowly down the Stikine and hunt as we went hoping to find the grizzlies out farther down the river and nearer the ocean. We had no sooner started down the swift flowing Stikine than a strong head wind made it so uncomfortable for us that we laid by at Mr. Frank Jackson’s cabin and hunted and visited with him and his wife for two days. Though we were royally entertained and urged to stay the relentless advance of time obliged us to pull out and buck the wind. The Jack- sons had lived there all winter practical- ly alone so were delighted to have com- pany even if only bear hunters. Our hundred and forty mile trip down the river carried us through regions com- paratvely free from snow to others where the snow still lay from five to fif- teen feet deep down to the water’s edge. In the former location the trees were leafing out and many varieties of birds were there even to the humming birds. Such differences in climate within such a short distance one cannot imagine. Why it is so I do not know unless it is the presence of the immense glaciers. The Big Glacier ONE night we camped on the opposite side of the river from the glacier locally known as the Big Glacier. The length of this glacier has not been ascertained but it has been explored by an international exploring party back to the west into the Coast Range for about forty miles. It presents a front on the river of more than a mile in width. It is usually quite dormant though once every summer an immense flood of water breaks loose from somewhere within its confines and floods the entire country at its mouth, and during the few days it takes for this water to spend its force the Stikine is very dangerous and often unnavigable in that vicinity. The big glacier cracked and groaned all night and made noises not unlike a large rock slide in full motion. The noise at one time was enough to wake me. My companion thought it a snow slide for there are many in the moun- tains during the periods of heavy snow. The next morning the whole front of the glacier showed fresh earth and rock heaped up in a great ridge on top of the snow indicating that the glacier had started to move and was pushing the terminal morraine ahead of it. Across its front it had the appearance of a large newly made fill composed of loose earth and rock, and behind it lay the great ice gorge cut in every direction by immense crevasses. (CONTINUED ON PAGE 184) 156 forest AND STREAM April, 1919 BYGONE DAYS ON CADDO LAKE REMINISCENCES OF FISHING AND SHOOTING TRIPS ON FLAT-WATER IN EASTERN TEXAS WHICH WILL STIR THE MEMORY OF MANY A SPORTSMAN it/^ADDO LAKE” is a household I phrase familiar to me since I ' was a very small boy, the mere piention of the two words would make ifiy boyish heart quicken its throbs long before I could be trusted to handle a gun, for as small as I was I had already heard many recitals about the fine shooting and fishing to be had there. As to when and how Caddo Lake was formed, none of the oldest among us could ever say, neither could we arrive at a conclusion from the legend left us by the Caddo Tribe of Indians, after whom the lake took its name. But we do know the lake has been used as a water way for boats for about a hundred years, as during the early settlement of eastern Texas the waters of Caddo were at the head of navigation and instrumental in furnishing all of eastern Texas with its much needed supplies. Were I to guess at its age, I should say it was several hundred years old. The most plausible theory we have by which to figure as to how the lake was formed, is that where the lake is situated, was originally a network of cypress bayous converging close to the point of outflow into Red river. The rise and fall of Red river pressing against and holding back the waters of the numerous bayous caused a collection of debris and a network of floating logs to form a dam that was strengthened and so perfected by age as to hold empounded the big body of water we have always known as Lake Caddo. This lake is situated in eastern Texas, close to the Louisiana line and in fact a portion of the lake is in the state of Louisiana. It is something like forty miles in length and attains a width of nine miles at its widest point. While as I have said the lake is composed of many deep channels and you cross and re-cross them almost any direction you choose to go, yet there are thousands of acres of By J. A. PHILLIPS a depth of three to eight feet, many cypress trees, the kind that are very large at the trunk and very short in height are to be found all over this flat water, and since these trees are usually in clusters and well draped with long festoons of Spanish moss, it makes an ideal spot for fishing. The waters of Caddo are usually clear, but there are times when we have continued rain and the farms along its borders are freshly ploughed, that the water is colored and unfit for the desires of the angler. During the winter and spring months the waters of Caddo were usually flooded, but along in the fol- lowing summer of each year the waters become low and islands would spring up in what is known as flat-water, maintain- ing all over the lake. Some were small and some embraced hundreds of acres, all soon to be covered with a rank growth of grass, which was of two varieties, wild rye and what was known as crow-foot grass, both most excellent duck food. Sit- uated as Caddo is, it was the home of wild-fowl and geographically so placed as to get the ducks that took the Mississippi flight of migration; I know of no place in America that has furnished better wild-fowl shooting than Caddo, and the same can be said of its fishing. The above description given of Caddo was as I saw it fifty years ago when I was first trusted with a gun and permitted to visit its shores for shooting and fishing; since that time many changes have been made. About thirty years past a num- ber of men possessed with innate curios- ity or a desire to grab some land, made a united effort and succeeded in getting an appropriation by which the dam that old mother nature was kind enough to make, was blown out, and as a conse- quence all the water in the lake went with it. The result brought about by re- moving the dam was not what was ex- pected and it was not very long ere the promoters of the scheme felt the shock of many invectives that were openly flaunt- ed at their heads, so in short an effort was begun to repair the folly that had been imposed on the public and work set about to build another dam. Several years passed, however, before anything could be done and during this time a thicket of small cypress trees sprang into life over all the islands that once furnished us such fine crops of duck grass each year. These cypresses continued to grow after water was again forced over the land by the building of the new dam and are to- day young trees forty feet high and very full of life. It of course goes without saying, Caddo was practically without any food to offer the passing flocks of wild-fowl and is to-day a shadow of her former self as a wild-fowl resort and a monument to the folly of a few men. The writer wishes it understood there were no sportsmen in any way connected with the miserable undertaking. Of course the fishing was hurt too but after the new dam was built the lake soon recovered and it was not long before the angler could find sport equal to the days of the long ago. The fishes most com- monly found in Caddo, are the large- mouth bass, crappie, warmouth and all the smaller members of the sunfish fam- ily, also may be taken the white-bass (Roccns Chrysops) and his smaller brother, the yellow bass (Morone inter- rupta). These fish are frequently found during March and April in large schools and furnish fine sport for the fly-flsher- man. Of course the cat family has a rep- resentative or two and also the buffalo sucker and the gaspergou (fresh-water drum) are plentiful. Small hickory shad, locally called shiners, furnish most of the bait used. The style of fishing on Caddo has changed little from the way it was practiced away back yonder, a cane pole anywhere from ten to fifteen feet in length, line almost as long, with hook, float and lead sinker completes the re- quirement; the fisherman must have a good boat and a willing son of Ham as boatman, the boatman baits the hook, lands the fish handles the boat and gen- erally does the laughing. WHEN the writer lived in Marshall, Texas, during years that are gone by, he too fished with the old cane pole and the same rigging as mentioned on the many trips made to Caddo, but being a bit progressive the long cane was put aside for an eight-strip bamboo bait rod, a Meek reel and fifty yards of the best silk line. Of course I did not get any greater number of fish with the “dude tackle” as it was promptly called, but I’m sure my friends of the angle will join me in saying my sport was en- hanced a great deal more by using it. A view of the flat-water, Caddo has many thousand acres just like this April, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 157 In the year 1890 business demands forced me to quit Marshall as a place of residence, but I remained in Texas. With me I took my love for Caddo and there never passed a spring or fall that I did not experience that great desire to re- turn. I was fortunate in having a busi- ness that I could leave occasionally and devote time to my happiest recreation, fishing. I had to make new friends, fish new waters and it was not long until I began my ascension to that last and high- est plain of the sport, fly-fishing. Like most of those who live in the south, I naturally thought one would have to go much to the north before fly-fishing could be practiced successfully, but in a short while I found I had labored under a very great mistake, as on every piece of water I cast my fly I found the big-mouth bass ready to take it and more than that, all the lesser members of the sunfish fam- ily were just as eager for the fly as though it was a chosen and very old diet. Years wore on and I became more wedded to the fly-rod and naturally began to look and travel the coun- try over that I might find the most likely streams on which to pursue my favorite sport. About three years ago a press- ing invitation came from an old friend at Marshall asking that I come and join on a trip to Caddo Lake. I ac- cepted and in a few hours we were at one of the fine Clubs now situated on its shore. Nearly twenty-five years intervened between the present and the time of my former visits, time had made many changes, it certainly did seem odd to find a string of Club houses where we used to pitch our tents. We fished the same old way, had fine success and after two or three days the live box contained several hundred crappie and black bass. While at one of our meals I asked my host, who was a member of a younger set of Marshall sportsmen, if any one had ever tried fly-fishing on the lake? My host gave me a look that I shall never forget, then came his reply, “fly-fishing” on Caddo Lake, certainly not, who would ever be so big a fool as to try it.” I said no more, and the subject was dropped. After I had parted from my friend and the successful trip to dear old Caddo was about ready to be recorded in past his- tory, I yet propounded the question to myself, why can’t black-bass be taken on a fly just as well in Caddo Lake as else- where? Not long afterwards while on a visit to Dallas, Texas I purchased a share of stock in the Dallass-Caddo Club, a fine building near the Club where my Marshall friend had lately shown me so much hospitality. This again gave me the right to claim an interest in dear old Caddo and it was not long before I had a good fishing boat, supplied with revolv- ing chairs and soft cushions to sit on, I also had a little motor in readiness so as to economize on the time for making long runs and held all in a state of read- iness for any day I mieht slip away from business and go fly-fishing on Caddo. The time came near the middle of last April (1918) I quietly reached the club, secured the services of a Sene- gambian to paddle the boat and started in quest of the big-mouth bass on Caddo lake. The portion of the lake selected for the morning’s sport had not been visited by the writer for almost thirty years, but I found very few changes in its appearance, the water very clear, patches of moss and occasionally a carpet of water lilies came into view. I BEGAN with using one fly, a Brown Palmer tied on a No. 8 sproat hook. The fly was taken promptly by a black bass of good fighting size, gave me a nice play, using all the strat- egy and dark arts known to the species, and when boated I found his weight to be 3% lbs. Not wishing to worry my readers by having them go with me through the entire morning, and listen to that same old story that has been told so many thousand times, I will say my catch for the morning was 23 black bass, two of the number weighed as much as the first one taken, remainder a little less and some of them so small as to pull the scales at a % lb. only. I kept a dozen of the largest and started back to the club. A good crowd met my boat at the land- ing and of course many questions as to my luck, etc., were soon asked. I exhib- ited my catch and quietly told them I took the fish with a fly. No particular attention was given my remarks until some one of them asked if I had lost my minnow bucket. I told them I did not have one since a fly-fisherman had no use for such. Then they began to give me some attention, examined my rod and quizzed my negro boatman to their entire satisfaction; this being done they gave it up and sat in my lap, the remainder of the day, so to speak, plying me with ques- tions as to how and where it was done. Thus I demonstrated to my utmost sat- isfaction that fly-fishing could be suc- cessfully done on Caddo Lake. NO account of Caddo Lake in the old days would be complete without mentioning my old friend and com- panion, the late Amory R. Starr, whose home on Sasafras Point was the rende- zvous of many sportsmen. In front of his property and across a narrow strip of water, known as “Goose Prairie,” is a long peninsula called Long Point when the water became low it necessitated quite a long trip around the point in order to get into some of the best shoot- ing and fishing territory and to obviate this our modern Monte Cristo surveyed and cut a canal across Long Point. This canal is in use and as serviceable now as when built. Our good friend was never so happy as when entertaining his friends, which he always did in royal style. Whenever you accepted his invi- tation and became his guest on Lake Caddo, your every want was watched and seemingly anticipated. A servant was at your elbow for everything; any man who could shoot found nothing in his way to make the day filled with happiness and good sport. In the early morning when we made the start for the shooting points and blinds we found a competent and willing boatman, ready with decoys and that ever necessary knowledge of Caddo and its best shooting places. No thought of ever getting lost or hav- ing to endure hardships ever entered the mind. When the start was made, the oarsman was told where the meeting place was selected in order that all should have a good breakfast. About 9:30 or 10 o’clock, after the morning shooting had quieted a bit, a boat would be seen approaching us. Well wrapped in a tight box, kept hot by a spirit lamp, was breakfast for all. The oarsmen quickly lashed the boats together and with the aid of some long boards a table was soon in readiness and a feast spread before us. As soon as the inner-man was satisfied each boat took its way back to the shooting stand, and so the days passed giving every one all the shooting he could wish for and it was not unusual on the way home to hear someone say his shoulder was sore or his arms ached. After the last gun was fired and the day was done, we usually fell in with the other boats en route home. When the bow of our boats nosed the shore we found old Henry Simms and his helpers there to meet us. A big fire of hickory wood in the broad fire- (CONTINUED ON PAGE 182) End of the canal showing one of the buildings on the Starr place, just across “ Goose Prairie ” 158 FOREST AND STREAM April, 1919 THE ANATOMY OF THE CANOE UNDER THE GLOSSY PAINT AND GLITTERING VARNISH THERE MUST BE SOLID HONEST CONSTRUCTION ALONG CERTAIN DEFINITE LINES BY FOREST HARLOW The small, naked boy down in the old swimmin’ hole who gleefully strad- dles or squats upon a floating log is emulating some far-distant savage an- cestor in his crude attempt at the first canoe. Such a log, hollowed into a dug-out, was the first water craft to vision far down the centuries the thing of swanlike beauty and slim appealing lines that today we love as a canoe. Not all dug-outs were the unshapely affairs that the average canoeist would produce if necessity called upon him to make a floating craft with fire and blunt tools as the only implements of use. Many dug-outs are gracefully formed; some are marvels of simple construction. The war canoes of the Haida Indians were capacious, and the tribesmen had learned the secret of increasing the car- rying power by filling the craft with wa- ter heated by means of hot stones, and bracing the softened wood into wider space and better lines. The next step was the canoe of skin or bark, and lightness and stability were thereby gained. Some of the skin boats, such as the Eskimo kayak, are ingeni- ously constructed, eminently fitted to the purpose for which they are employed; while the birch bark canoe of the North American Indian will continue deathless in the song and story of this country long after the last redman has vanished from the land that once knew him so well. The quintessence of Romance is enfolded in its lines, the charm and elusiveness of a bygone age when life was lived, in the open, under freer, saner conditions. These speak to us from the high prow and seamy sides of the birch canoe, for the spirit of Hi- awatha still keeps tryst with his beloved craft. Improvement in tools to work with results invariably in improvement of the object of the expended labor. Steel, sharp and precise, has left its mark upon the canoe. Today, the dug-out and the skin and bark canoes have yielded place to the craft constructed all of strips of Sectional views showing the three prin- cipal methods of construction used in all-wood canoes. Left, rib and batten, most popular; center, cedar rib, prac- tically indestructible; right, longitudinal strip, strong and yet light wood, sometimes covered with canvas, built along lines that make for speed and combine the minimum of weight with the maximum of carrying power, stability and strength. CANOES are of many different lengths, depending upon the amount of work or upstanding ability re- quired of them. The guides of the North woods prefer canoes eighteen or twenty feet in length. They know that smaller craft will not carry the outfit necessary for a fortnight’s stay in the woods far from the base of supplies — “forty miles from a lemon.” But the canoeist who paddles for enjoyment along the pleasant streams near home will not need such a large canoe; neither will the canoe cruiser who is at all times within a few miles of needed supplies. The question as to which size canoe is the best to pur- chase can be quickly solved by a resume of the determining factor — what do you want it for? There is one size of canoe that seems to have been accepted as a standard wherever canoeing is indulged in to any great extent, and that is the “sixteen footer.” True a shorter canoe could be designed to have the same carrying ca- pacity, but it would not handle so well under certain conditions. As a pleasure craft a canoe must be easily handled by one person and its capacity should be such as to make it safe when carrying at least three persons. The sixteen-foot canoe, with a beam of from 31" to 34" and a depth of 12", seems to answer the requirements better than anything else. In any catalogue showing canoes you are likely to find the canoe set forth as the leader. It will carry two persons and compact equipment for a cruise, including small tent, blankets, cooking outfit and neces- sary supplies. Mast and lee-boards may be attached to a canoe of this size, and the resulting sailing canoe will be safe and seaworthy. There are many different methods of construction employed in the manufac- ture of canoes, but the main objective that all builders seek to obtain is a mini- mum weight combined with the required strength. Sixteen-foot canoes will range from 55 to 80 pounds in weight, accord- ing to the material used and the method of construction. It is possible to build a 16-foot canoe that will weigh less than 60 pounds (we refer to cruisers and not racing canoes), but to do so the strength must be sacrificed to some extent and such a canoe could not be subjected to the usage that a canoe usually has to stand on a cruise or camping trip. CANOES can be placed in two classes as far as construction goes — i. e., “all wood” or “canvas covered.” There are several methods of construc- tion in the all- wood canoes, but the three principal ones are known as “rib and batten, longitudinal strip and cedar rib.” These three methods are entirely differ- ent. There are also “flush or inserted batten” canoes and “metallic joint” canoes, but both of these are just slight variations from the “rib and batten” canoe. In the “rib and batten” canoe the ribs, usually half-round pieces of rock elm or white oak, are bent over a solid form or mould. These are placed 6" apart and run from gunwale to gunwale in one piece. The other parts of the frame work — i. e., the keelson, stems, etc., are put in place first. To this frame the planks are nailed. Do not be misled by the use of the word “planks.” The thin strips of tough wood have little in common with one’s usual conception of planks. The planking usually consists of basswood or cedar and either material will make a good canoe. The cedar, of course, is the best and the basswood must be kept well painted or varnished. These planks are one-quarter inch thick and are put on either three or four each side of the keel. As a sixteen-foot canoe measures about 52" around, the planks are from seven to ten inches wide. The April, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 159 joints along the edge of the planks, run- ning lengthways are covered with a short piece of rib cut just the right length to fit lightly between the ribs. This is the ^‘batten” and it is from this construc- tion that the canoe gets its name “rib and batten.” The first wooden canoes ■except “dug outs” or “birch barks” that were made were constructed in this man- ner. For this innovation in canoe build- ing the credit must be given to Mr. John Stephenson for, as far as is known, he huilt the first “board” canoe over fifty years ago. This was in Canada and it was from this that the various factories at present operating in that country got their start. The “flush batten” or “inserted batten” i s something s im i 1 a r. In this the edges of the planks are grooved out on the inner side or “half •checked” and in this groove is laid a small hardwood strip or batten about % by %-inch. This covers the joint instead of the heavier batten used in the “rib and batten” canoe. It makes a very neat canoe, but it is hardly as strong as the other and the ribs are usually placed four inches apart instead of six. A canoe constructed in this way will be about three pounds lighter than a “rib and batten” canoe of the same size. Another variation in this method is the “metallic joint” canoe. In this a brass or copper strip with the edges bent at right angles about one-eighth of an inch is used instead of the “flush bat- ten.” The turned edge is sunk into the planking and holds the planks together. The appearance is much the same as that of the flush-batten canoe. The “longitudinal strip” canoe is a somewhat different construction. The ribs are lighter than in the “rib and bat- ten” canoes. They are usually %" wide and half round. They are bent over a mould or form in the same way, but the planking is made up of narrow strips. These strips, usually cedar, are one- quarter inch thick and about one and three-quarter inches wide. The edges The flush batten construction makes a very light and attractive canoe, but it lacks the strength of the rib and batten are half checked making what is known as a ship-lap joint. The first strip is laid along the keel then each strip is fitted tightly against the next. The strips are tapered lengthways so that they come out right at the gunwale. The ribs are usually 2%" from centre to centre so that no protection is re- quired over the joints along the edge of the planking, the ship lap being sufficient. This construction results in a very strong yet light canoe and one advantage is that the strips being narrow are not affected by shrinkage or swelling — i. e., there is not enough change in the size of the strips by shrinkage or swelling to open the joint, if it is properly made. Another method of all-wood con- struction is the “cedar rib.” In this canoe the “ribs” really form the planking. Cedar is the only material used for this construction and is about the only wood that is suitable. The planking is composed of narrow strips, %xl%". They are machined very ac- curately with a small tongue and groove joint, as used on flooring but of course much smaller. These pieces are steamed and bent over a form and run from gun- wale to gunwale in one piece. They are pulled up tight, the tongue into the groove and dried right on the form. They are tightened up a little bit every day. It takes about two weeks in slow heat to get all the moisture caused by steam- ing, out of the planking. When this shell is dry the gunwales are put on, also the inside bilge strips and these prevent the canoe from coming apart. There are no ribs in this canoe. It is the principle of the “inverted arch” adopted for canoe construction and the result is the lightest canoe made by either all wood or canvas covered construction. This lightness does not affect its strength and as far as durability goes there is nothing better. Canoes of this type made over thirty-five years ago are still in use and in first class condition. The construction, of course, requires consid- erable time and the most experienced workmanship. There is a lot of work on one of these canoes, consequently they cannot be offered for sale at the same price as other canoes. This to some ex- tent affects the sale of them. Another thing that affects the output of this style of canoe is the length of time that they last. A man has to live a long time and be an ardent canoeist to wear out a canoe constructed by this method. On all. these wooden canoes the method of putting on the decks, gunwales, thwarts, etc., is pretty much the same. The gunwales as a rule are of oak, full length and measuring %" by IV2", moulded to a special shape. The stems and “snouts” or outside stems are oak, walnut or mahogany. The decks are usually butternut or mahogany. The decks on the wooden canoes are longer than those usually used on canvas cov- ered canoes. The usual length is twenty inches. A small coaming is put around the inner edge of the deck to prevent the water from running into the canoe. The thwarts, usually three in number, are oak or mahogany and sometimes when a V e r y light canoe is required spruce is used. Very often a cane seat is put in at the stern instead of the thwart. On painted canoes iron nails are used and on var- nished canoes, finished in na- tural color, copper nails are used. The nails are driven in from the outside and clenched on the ribs. It is necessary to bore first for each nail to prevent the rib from splitting. When you consider that there are from 2,000 to 3,000 small nails it will give you some idea of the amount of work that has to be put on these small boats and bear in mind that it is all hand work too. The other method of canoe construc- tion known as “canvas covered” is very well known to all canoeists as practically all the canoes made in the United States and quite a few of these made in Canada, are of that construc- tion. First, a light shell is made. The ribs used are cedar, usually 5/16" or %" thick and from two inches to two and a half inches wide. These are bent over a form and the forms are covered with metal sheeting so that when the tacks are driven through the planking they clench on the rib. The planking is also cedar, about %" thick and in strips from 3" to 4" wide. The joints are fitted closely but the shell itself is not watertight. (continued on page 190) The ever-popular canvas-covered canoe 160 Forest a x d STREAM April, 1919 the forecabin locker to give this latest adventure genuine zest. For, while his father had gone into no lengthy discus- sion of the episode, the boy realized that he himself had accidently stumbled upon proof of a nefarious procedure. The Spoonbill and her queer crew were shoot- ing up the egret rookeries. There seemed no reasonable doubt of it! And once again John’s thoughts re- verted to the conversations with his father, that first day out from Miami. But why, if these two piratical-appearing gentlemen were on such a forbidden mis- sion, should they actually welcome com- pany? It was their own suggestion that Christmas Day be spent up the little- navigated waters of mysterious Thick- ehunahatchee. John’s father answered some of these questions. “Do not refer to the egrets,” cautioned Mr. King, “consider the subject absolute- ly taboo. Act as if you were not at all interested in what you saw in the locker. These men are naturally eager for com- panionship. They have been cruising far from the beaten track of other boats . . . . for months and months, judg- ing by their own appearance and the looks of their boat. Both are satisfied insofar as we are concerned. They know that my own mission has to do with prop- erties, surveying, etc. I have shown them my diary and my soil reports. Moreover, they were not slow to detect that we ob- observe the ethics of the section .... we ask no questions. Christmas has broken down their barriers of reserve. Something in the very spirit of the day has made them seek friendship. The trip up the Thickehunahatchee is to be for sport . . . nothing else. It is their little escape from regular business.” eral on the shore under the mangroves. One particular- ly plump coon had been bagged — not in the traps but with a rifle and Flynt held it up for Hendry to see. “Here’s a REAL break- fast for you,” he declared, “want it?” “Finished,” grunted Hen- dry, who seldom ate coon flesh. John was beginning to have the same aversion for the little animals as camp diet, for Hendry had once skinned a coon and laid it bare for inspection. Be- tween flesh and pelt the boy had seen a disgusting mass of long worms. . . . like horsehairs. This appears to be characteristic of all the coons of the neighbor- A hood that we had seen. HEAD AM) THE /HOVEL-XO/E /HABKABE ’ PBETTY LITTIyE CZDEATQBE/! Round key took on an unusual glamour that sunny Christmas morning as three venturesome ex- plorers— King, John Jr. and guide Hen- dry laved their faces in the sparkling water of the gulf from the stern of the small boat, and raised streaming eyes to an almost holy dawn. This day, more than all others, the serene splendor of the Great Outdoors, was exemplified! Yes, it WAS good to be alive! A signal from the larger craft that rocked lazily on the dark green water nearby, aroused Mr. King, at least, to the material problems that confronted them. The occupants of The Spoonbill were up and active. King, half concealed by the Mae's cabin, turned his glasses in that direction. He could see Captain Flsmt getting things ship-shape aboard the power-boat. He was smoking a short- stemmed pipe and his chest, bare and brown, was strongly suggestive of the primeval man. Now he jumped up to the deck of The Spoonbill and puttered with that bewildering display of coon skins, tacked to the cabin. “Ahoy Mae!” Flynt’s gruff voice chal- lenged, “we want to get away early on that Thickehunahatchee trip, if we’re go- ing. Tell Hendry I’ll see that he shoots a deer.” Hendry himself made answer, reassur- ing the Captain that they would have breakfast over in a little while. John was all aflutter with excitement. He had seen enough in the hatchway and under The Mae’s party had finished break- fast, when Captain Flynt rowed up alongside. He had been across to Round Key for his traps, having set sev- ITH Rod and Gun on a yy strange river. Some Wonder Waterways of the Florida West Coast, tvherein the Habits of the Rapidly Disappearing Egret and Heron are studied first hand. Ad- ditional Proof of “Rookery Shoot- ing.” The Strangest Christmas on Record. April, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 161 These almost unknown waters — little, mystic sun-swept rivers that come from the gloomy depths of Big Cypress — are alive with fish. The scenery at times, looks as if it had been painted on brilliant canvas, with an eternal back-drop of blue sky “No good eat,” Hendry said, scowling, “worms!” And he had shrugged his shoulders suggestively. Hunters will do well to remember this, although some there are who do not share Hendry’s aversion. Both the Mae and The Spoonbill were safely anchored in the lee of Round Key, and things arranged for a sudden squall in case it came up during their absence. The Thickehunahatchee jaunt was to be made in two power boats. . . . their own and Tipley’s somewhat larger craft if similar design, with glade boats either trailing or lashed atop the cabin. And so, even before the day was well started, they set off in the direction of the river’s mouth, but a short distance away. Captain Flynt wanted to make a landing at Gomez Point, to the north of the stream, for fresh water. A little dis- tance inland, Flynt led them to a mossy barrel that had been embedded in the earth beneath the overhanging trees. Pure, cool water seeped into it and both boats were plentifully supplied. “For many years,” explained the Cap- tain “natives were in the habit of muss- ing around Gomez Point with spades and fancy hopes. History hereabouts, handed down for generations has it that Spanish pirates buried gold in this re- gion. . . . cargoes of it. And they never took it away. It was gold and treasure taken from rich prizes that swung wide of their course. Some day . . . when I’m not busy at other treas- ure,” and Flynt winked at Tipley, “I’m going to get me a spade and take a look for myself. I sort of think I could find a ton of doubloons ’er two.” First came the Thickehunahatchee River, three hundred feet wide at its mouth and rapidly narrowing to an aver- age of fifty feet. It is a small stream but an exceedingly picturesque one, with the same show of interminable mangrove islands, particularly at its gulf extrem- ity. They could look down through the clear water and see the wonderful oyster beds, and both shores were lined with them .... untouched, unworked, a mar- velous universe of luscious bivalves. “The Thickehunahatchee leads into the Glade country,” explained Captain Flynt, “and will be well worth our expedition. But wait until you get to the Chokoloskee wilderness and Chock’ Bay! There’s wild country for you.” The further they got into this realm of game and tropic interest, the more convinced was Mr. King that they should not hurry out again in order to investi- gate Chokoloskee. Rifle and rod were strictly in order, to say nothing of Flynt’s sudden promise of deer around the cypress strands. It was hard going for Tipley’s larger motor boat. Its engine refused to slow down, even when that became necessary, and as a consequence, she ran aground more than once, jamming her fat nose into the masses of mangrove or the oys- ter bars. On such occasions the smaller craft bravely yanked her oif, and this business was repeated until it grew rather monotonous, especially to John, who was trolling and grew quite out of patience with many interruptions. Curiosity made them stop up the river at a clearing on a sizable hammock. For here were obvious signs of a one-time habitation. The name “Ellis’ ’was found on a dingy bit of cypress board tacked to an aged tree, but there was no living thing, save the birds and scampering coons. At one time this lone hammock clearing had been under primitive culti- vation. There were as many as thirty grape fruit trees, the majority bearing, and they literally blazed yellow with their luxuriant growth of fruit. The tempta- tion was too great to resist and all five members of the party fell upon grape fruit with a relish that may well be un- derstood. As far as could be judged no human hand had rummaged in the bend- ing trees for years. The cabbage-palm abounded, and there were several sturdy specimens of the gum elumi, bananas and water oak. John enthusiastically called from the abandoned grove that he had counted 250 fine grape fruit on one tree. Soon they were off again, and at a distance of about twelve miles from the coast, a permanent headquarters camp was made on a beautiful hammock point that jutted out into what Hendry tersely called “much fine lake.” It was virtually the sixth lake up the river, for there are many of these tiny fairy pools, with their calm mirror surfaces and their The camp on the Point. Who can begin to describe the luxuriant ease and comfort and lazy bliss of those sunny days, with every stream and lake dimpled by bass and mullet 162 FOREST AND STREAM April, 1919 When you do run into luck, on a Tarpon basis, the going is mighty good. Every fish signifies a mighty battle that has taken place between mere man and the Finny shadowy banks of massed foliage. They recognized now, that as the entrance to this last lake was but a mere creek, the power boats must be forsaken for glade skiffs. Progress had been necessarily slow, not only because of the many nar- row river turns, but because of the ag- gravating speed mania of The Spoonbill’s little sister. Nor was there any time for exploration. The tropic night would fall in a very short while and a spray of faint stars glittered over the solemn grey-green tops of the red and black mangroves. The point was a very wonderful spot for their camp. Its dry muck foundation was fairly clear of vegetation and some twen- ty feet back stood the solid wall of ham- mock shrubbery, which meant plenty of wood for the fire . . . myrtle and bay and the ever-reliable button-wood, the latter beloved of campers because of the slow, sure flame and the intense heat. Late as it was, Tipley insisted upon having duck for supper. He inveigled Hendry into a jaunt up the creek, prom- ising to return speedily enough. If there were other reasons for this sudden deter- mination it was not brought out just then. Hendry said afterwards that he could not understand Mr. Tipley at all, for did not the stout gentleman with the red beard prefer to go alone through that wilderness of hammock and saw grass and boggy areas for a distance of a half- mile, when he might have gone snugly and with far less effort in the guide’s glade boat which was poled with a cer- tain amount of majestic calm across the still waters. John went for a good-night fish in the second glade skiff, and shortly returned with a mullet and two small black bass. The lake was quite literally alive with them at this hour, as they leaped to the surface and dimpled the shadowy surface with their restless, ecstatic sport. Captain Flynt and Mr. King attended to putting up the two tents in a thor- oughly professional manner, and even went for wood that a corking good fire might be blazing when the hunters brought in their trophies. They also at- tended to getting everything in readiness for the supper which was eagerly looked forward to upon the hunter’s return. T UST before nightfall, at that mystic I hour when the river country is pitched *' to an enchanted key and every tree is talkative with birds, Hendry and Tipley came down into the large lake, the latter having joined his companion. They proudly displayed a bag of twenty-seven ducks, including mallard and our gabby friend, the fish-eating black coot. The latter is to be recommended for its tooth- some qualities on an occasion of this kind, and Hendry was as proud as a brace of peacocks. He explained that Tipley had joined him, some half mile up the creek, where they discovered another but smaller lake. Here the muck was soft and the hammocks swampy, and they had their first glimpse of the Ever- glades, stretching out, as it did, for three and a half miles before it linked arms with Big Cypress. “Ducks!” gurgled Hendry, “I never see so many. Lake all covered with them. Not afraid. Blind man kill birds with eyes shut. Mister Tipley shoot from saw grass: I shoot from boat. We get coots coming and going.” Whereupon Hendry put his largest frying pans on the fire and, having nice- ly dressed ten of the plump birds, set them to sizzling. John, in the mean- while, as champion of his own resource- fulness, fried a little bass on the side, rolling it generously in cracker crumbs. Tipley, in the meanwhile, had walked out to the far extremity of the point, alone, meditative. Mr. King saw him gazing upward at the gorgeous sunset sky, into which was still shot the skeins of yellow and vermillion. Turning his own gaze involuntarily to the east Mr. King was somewhat startled to see a slender wisp of animated, fluttering white, like the tail of a great spectacular kite. It was a flock of from twelve to eighteen large birds, winging silently, gracefully, westward and some three hundred feet up. It was almost as if these birds were bits of paper, trailing at regular intervals upon an invisible cord. And behind them came other flocks, in like number, flying straight and unerr- ingly to a positive goal. As fast as one shimmering flock disappeared into the mist, another came to take its place. Impressed by the sight, Mr. King joined Tipley at the point. “Hello, that you!” exclaimed the owner of The Spoonbill, startled for a moment. “That is a remarkable sight,” observed Mr. King, “will the procession never end? I have counted no less than twenty-five separate and distinct flocks of those birds and STILL they come.” “Egrets!” grunted Tipley. “Egrets! all egrets!” his companion exclaimed. “Oh no. They fraternize with the blue heron and the green-leg. Sometimes there are no more than several egrets in a flock. Didn’t know there were so many in Florida, eh?” “I had believed them well nigh extinct, was the response. “Its different here,” continued Tipley, “the one spot that has not been shot up. Too hard to get to. Few people come here — except the Indians. Look — there comes another prize string!” This was true. With their fine necks curved almost double and their long legs straight out behind, rudder-fashion, a flock of twelve spendid birds swept past overhead, dipping casually into the gath- ering gloom of the Everglades section. Hendry had seen them and Captain Flynt followed him on a run for the point, with John a bad third. CAPTAIN FLYNT was exceedingly voluble. That he had been serrip- titiously touching up a flask of rum- was easy to suppose. But he stood beside Tipley, watching that flight of egrets and herons, as if fascinated by the white beauty of them. “Must be a rookery five miles west,”” he said, aloud. “Not more than three miles,” Tipley corrected, “its too late for them to go- five. Feeding ground about eight miles- from rookery.” Every fisherman who goes to Florida has an abiding ambition to catch at least one big Tarpon April, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 163 It was metal arithmetic in egret hab- its. The location of a rookery could be determined by the hour of the day, for egrets go to their nests on the dot. Mr. King quietly took this all in. Tipley and Captain Flynt were almost unconscious of the presence of their new- found friends. The sudden appearance of the flocks had put them quite off their guard. There they stood, immovable, staring into the sky — and reasoning it all out with calculative shrewdness. “Plenty of little whites,” said the Cap- tain, “LOTS of them.” “That rookery is near or on the Fick- ihatchee,” muttered Tipley, “they could just about make it by roosting hour.” “Its a wonderful sight!” cried John, who had never seen an3rthing so inspiring before, “what do they eat, Mr. Flynt?” “Crawfish — minnows — small snakes ” returned the Captain, “the feeding ground is generally along a big shallow slough. Rock surface breaks the water. The birds reach in the crevices after what they can And.” Whereupon Flynt and Tipley, lighting their pipes, walked around the point, side by side, talking in undertones. Once John poked his father in the ribs but was warned not to take notice of what was happening. The supper was as good as Hendry promised, what with fried fish and duck and appetizing coot, to say nothing of a great pan of the guide’s best biscuit. But four sturdy men discovered, quite acci- dentally, how habit can play the master. Through a mix-up of instructions, as to what supplies should be brought, coffee was forgotten in the rush to get away from Round Key. It made no difference to John, but the others were unconsol- able. Your true hunter MUST have his pot of aromatic coffee at the end of a hard day. It seems to be an essential part of an outdoor camp. At six sharp they were up and do- ing. Hendry had the fire in tip top condition and rushed through a breakfast of bird and fish. He had deter- mined to go after deer again and wanted to try it alone. That was Hendry’s way. Bad luck had come to him so far and he attributed it to “too much company along.” The lake was dimpled by fish. Bass, gar, mullet, sun-fish and chub kept things splashing, as they rose to nab the legion of insects that were astir at this hour. It was fresh-water haven for all the finny members that John could wish for. Stately wood-ibis, seemingly unafraid, stalked along the muck shore and limp- kins invited marksmanship. As plans were arranged, another day would be spent up the Thickehunahatchee. Mr. King and Tipley were after deer and other excitement to the eastward, with hammocks beyond the saw grass area as an objective, some four miles away. Hen- dry would consider only his own deer ex- pedition in his own way to the northward, whilst John and Captain Flynt decided to remain in and around camp; the latter arranging his traps for coons. That Tipley might wish to look for something more important than deer — rookeries, for example, was a logical sup- position. The following of these three game trails is not without interest. And suc- cess came from an unexpected quarter, as we shall see. Mr. King and Tipley, armed with a .44 and a 12-gauge pump, traversed the mangrove and cypress and at last came to the saw-grass country, where wading into water and muck up to the waist was a necessary evil. Two and a half miles from camp they came upon a rather tall water oak and Tip- ley, for all his weight, shinned up it un- til he had a fair view of the surrounding country, which he viewed most method- ically with his field glasses. Suddenly he called down: — “Saw a doe just rounding the cypress on that bib hammock two or three miles east. I knew it. She was a little beauty!” But upon gaining the cypress strand, no trace of the animal was discovered. Mr. King worked his way cautiously in through the hammock, while Tipley skirted it for a distance of at least three miles. The former found that picking a path through cypress “knees” is about the most hazardous and thankless job on earth. They project upward from the floor of the hammock, awkwardly, stub- bornly, in a strangely human way and form. Once he came upon tracks of bear — tracks in the black soil at least eight inches long, and indicating a bruin of considerable size. There are parts of Big Cypress that have never been ex- plored and rumors come from the boundaries, of black and brown fellows that grow to prodigous size — for this section of the country. And once, in the dim aisles of the hammock, Mr. King saw a sprightly parroquette. They are ex- ceedingly rare and must find refuge in the swamp. It seemed a rather hopless quest, with danger from snakes increasing, and Mr. King back-tfacked to th^ edge of the strand, caUifig- to Tipley. There was no answer for quite a while, but the meeting was finally negotiated and they waded out and — ^homeward, with one last adven- ture to pay them for their efforts. In crossing a small hammock, at its tapered end, they found what had recently been a Seminole camp for two people.. buck and squaw. Everywhere were the bright chips, hewn from a cypress log and back a pace, in the myrtle, the upright poles of the primitive sleeping quarters. When an Indian wants a new canoe, he scouts about until he finds a likely cypress. Then he brings his squaw and they take up their abode until the arduous, exact- ing task is finished. IT was five o’clock when they gained the camp. Tipley was thoroughly dis- gruntled at not bagging anything worth while, and this condition of mind and temper was not improved when Hen- dry broke through the hammock shortly afterward, bearing a young doe slung over his sturdy shoulders. The guide’s .30 had made a neat job of it, when the animal sprang up along the edge of the western cypress strand. The camp had broiled venison that night for a change and Hendry and the Captain cut all that remained in strips and smoked it for “fu- ture reference.” Flynt’s traps had caught a number of coons and John, faithful to the rod and line, had caught sunfish, bass and mullet, galore. “It is so easy I get tired, pulling them in,” was the boy’s laconic comment. Flynt, however, had been a sort of good Samaritan, for he took John along the game trail, or narrow path between the cypress and the saw-grass that had been (CONTINXJED ON PAGE 182) The few adventurous sportsmen who navigate the Thousand Island streams, find that the shore foliage meets overhead or brushes the boats as they glide along 164 FOREST AND STREAM April, 1919 TROUT AND WATER CONDITIONS MANY A FISH RETAINS ITS FREEDOM BECAUSE OF A LACK OF DISCRIMINATION ON THE PART OF THE ANGLER IN HIS METHODS OF FISHING DIFFERENT STREAMS BY ERNEST WARREN BROCKWAY Fishing for brook trout differs from every other kind of fishing in many ways. No other kind of angling re- quires so much stu- dy of water condi- tions and of the habits of the fish. In sea and lake and river fishing the condition and the action of the waters in these re- spective bodies is the same, or near- ly so, at all times. But as to brooks, they are about as variable as the climate of New England. They are variable in two ways — in formation and in the changes wrought in them by means of weather conditions. In this article I shall point out these differences and the way trout act in accordance herewith as I have observed them — act regarding their capture of course. I am fully convinced that many fine trout retain their freedom because of a lack of discrimiation on the part of the angler in his methods of procedure in different streams. If more attention were given to this phase of the sport and less to color schemes in flies, far better results would follow. Does not one’s rea- soning powers dictate that the fishing of a noisy, tumbling, hillside brook should differ radi- cally from the fish- ing of a slow-flow- ing and serene meadow stream? While this is an extreme compari- son in the make-up of brooks, there are other compari- sons equally ap- pealing of consid- eration to the an- gler who would score success. There is the big brook and the lit- tle brook: the open brook and the A small hillside brook with many bushes offers little opportunity for casting brook canopied by bushes ; the deep brook and the shallow brook; the brook filled with boulders and the brook free from boulders — yes, there are all of these and many more. Can’t you see how the water conditions vary from those of the sea, the lake and the river? A HILLSIDE brook contains but lit- tle still water and invariably, trees and bushes are found in abundance along the banks. Conse- quently, the angler hasn’t much of an op- portunity for casting either fly or bait. I have known anglers who were such rigid adherents to casting that they If it’s a big brook and you can’t cast, jump right in and wade would consume many hours in this method of fishing on such a brook, whereas if they had used different tactics they would have gone home at night with light hearts and heavy creels, rather than with heavy hearts and light creels. These anglers failed to discrimi- nate, you see. Be- cause previously they had been fish- ing streams unob- structed by trees and bushes and be- cause they were so “creed - bound,” casting wise, they blindly pursued methods of other days and other bi’ooks which brought them success. To me it seems an absurdity for any angler to believe it unsportsmanlike to fish for brook trout by any method other than casting. If trout were stupid fish then it would be different. But when, as every experienced angler knows, a sly old trout will oftentimes repeatedly outwit every bit of skill that the most efficient angler employs, I fail to see any violation of the “ethics” of the art by trying to bring such a fish to creel by methods other than casting. How often have I heard fishermen remark that in fly-cast- ing, especially the dry-fly, a trout has more of a chance for his life than if a worm or a grass- hopper or some other kind of nat- iUral bait were used. But don’t worry about a lack of caution on the part of any fair- sized brook trout; don’t be deluded in thinking that be- cause a fat and wriggling worm is dangling about the mouth of Mr. Trout he has undergone a demolition of his April, 1919 Forest and stream 165 Fishing a shallow stream free from cover one should keep back from the water innate wariness. Oftentimes I have wished that this were the case. But there is no psychic relation between the mind of a man and the mind of a trout. And so it behooves the angler to make a careful study of his brook and act accordingly. If you are fishing a brook which forbids the proper use of a fly or the casting of a bait lure, then get busy in the old-fashioned way, — that of keeping your lure always in the water and working it to and fro across the brook. Don’t be ashamed to do it; it isn’t unsportsmanlike; not to do it, in certain cases, shows false pride. If it is a big brook, jump right in and wade, but don’t go splashing along like a side- wheeled steamer. Just because the run- ning waters are making a big commotion and noise is no reason why you should. A trout has a fine sense of discrimina- tion; any discord in the music of the brook is quick to meet his detection. If the average angler were possessed with an equal sense of discrimiation, better contested games in the art would result. In this method of fishing, one should, of course, fish down stream and allow the worm lure, which can’t be beaten, to dan- gle along in a careless, unguided way as nearly as possible. If a worm were thrust on his own resources in a brook that is the way he would do, and a trout is wise enough to know it. Where a strong current prevails this is often dif- ficult to do, for the line is bound to straighten out, and perchance the angler stops walking for a moment the worm, of course, will halt, too. In such cases it is an excellent plan to keep retrieving the lure and permit it to be swept down until the line straightens. I have caught many a trout in this way that I could not catch by any other method. In the case of a small, brush-bordered brook it is not well to wade. For a first fishing, no harmful results will follow, but the next trip will show the tell-tale effect. The wading has made the trout extra cautious because of their previous -right. Even if you yourself do not in- tend to fish a small stream again, you, as a member of the great angling fra- ternity, should have consideration for your brother fishermen. Though often difficult to enter your lure through a tan- gle of bushes, and often an act that will test every atom of one’s patience you are likely to be repaid by a big catch, for the more cover trout can find in a small stream, there is the place they love to dwell. In fishing slow-flowing meadow streams, oftentimes one is obliged to re- sort to tactics nearly reverse to those employed in hillside streams. In the foregoing, I have emphasized the need of making as little noise as possible in wad- ing a large active brook. In fishing a quiet meadow stream, I would advise the angler to do no wading unless absolutely necessary. It is far better to fish a half- mile of this kind of brook from the bank than to fish two miles by wading. There are places which necessitate one’s get- ting into the brook, places which would be impossble to fish in any other way. One of the streams which I fish many times a season has more than a dozen places so densely covered with bushes that it would be impossible to enter a lure except by getting into the middle of the stream a few yards above and then feed the line slowly and carefully into the big bush-embowered pools. It is something like the process of threading a small-eyed needle, and if it doesn’t call for as much skill as does the casting of a fly then I acknowledge my inability as a fair judge. IT was on a hot afternoon last season that I came to one of these tangles. It was a big brook but so dense were the bushes both above the water and at the sides that an opening of only about eight inches presented an opportunity for the entrance of my lure. Cautiously I allowed the current to carry it along, and the instant it entered the bushy tunnel there was a strike and a splash and a big trout was mine. Here was a case where fishing from the shore would have been impossible. Crawling through bushes and getting your face and hands scratched oftentimes, and getting your line tangled and your hook caught nearly all the time isn’t so pleasant as standing on a flower-covered bank with not a bush in sight and debonairly casting an ornate fly on placid, sky-reflecting waters, but it is a part of the game and any true an- gler should be willing to play it just as ardently as when the moves are easy and all is tranquil. When there is but little current in any stream, then, of course, one is obliged to cast, whether using bait or fly, for the movement of the water is inadequate to carry the lure along. It is often well when bait casting to drag the lure slowly along for several feet from where it first struck the water, for many a time a trout will strike when a worm lure is in action whereas if it was still he would give it little, if any, attention. This pro- cedure belongs to the same rule as the re- trieving and feeding out of a line in swift water, that I have previously stated. If one were to ask me the “whys” of this kind of action on the part of a trout as well as ask me many other reasons for their eccentricities at various times, I would answer emphatically, “I don’t know.” And I believe that every honest angler would have to answer the same. A plausible reason, however, for a trout’s preference oftentimes for a moving lure is that it denotes life and action and this appeals more temptingly to him. (CONTINUED ON PAGE 188) A quiet meadow stream should not be waded unless absolutely necessary 166 FOREST AND STREAM April, 1919 HOW TO TIE THE ARTIFICIAL FLY WORKING YOUR MATERIALS INTO A WATERPROOF FLY OF SUFFICIENT RESEMBLANCE TO NATURE TO CAUSE NEITHER FEAR NOR DISTRUST By DR. HARRY GOVE succeeded you will judge when I tie the flies which will appear in the last article I shall contribute on practical fly dress- ing. The method I will pursue will be to illustrate all the different movements I make in tieing a fly, from start to finsh. This will place in your possession all I have learned regarding the subject in over half a life time. Just in proportion to the information imparted to a novice, in like ratio will be the rapidity of his advancement. The fly we will construct will have the self same body as the trans- parent winged one I construct and be a facsimile of it, with but one exception, that is, the wing shall be made of feath- ers. I have selected this method of dress- ing as it is much easier to apply feath- ers to the wing than the above mentioned material. At all events I will tie both of these flies for your inspection. In making a fly there are certain materials and tools which are absolutely necessary. Of the tools the most useful to an ama- teur is the fly-tier’s vise, facilitating in a very great degree progression in the art. Next in order, two pairs of scissors of small size, one with curved points, the other straight, a pair of fly-tier’s pinch- ers must certainly find a place on your table. The use of these is to grasp the butt end of a small hackle when ap- plying it to a very small hook, as in the making of a midge. A small pair of watch-maker’s tweezers and a pair of pinchers for bending the shank of the hook completes the category of the nec- essary tools. A small alcohol lamp must also be purchased. As to materials the list is a much longer and elaborate one. There are but two of our necessities that are liquid. One to be used instead of the ordinary wax, composed of white rosin. The selection of the material which should enter into the makeup of artificial flies is so important that it demands more than ordinary attention. Our consideration is, what materials will make a waterproof fly of sufficient re- semblance to nature to cause neither fear nor distrust to the fish to which it is presented on the surface of the lake or stream? Conisdering the difficul- ties which lay in the path of direct imi- tation, the best we can hope for is that our fly, in its general appearance, taken struct you how to dress a fairly pre- sentable fly in quite a short time, ad- vancement in the art requires practice, and attention to detail; a few failures must not produce discouragement. I REMEMBER when I looked at the flies tied by the Scotch expert who gave me the few lessons I ever had in the art, the idea that I could ever equal them seemed hopeless. I made up my mind, however, that I would if it took me twenty years. Whether or not I have The first steps in fly making as a whole, may pass for the living in- sect it is intended to duplicate. It would be the task of a life-time to collect the materials which are employed in the manufacture of the ordinary feather fly and supposing it complete, I would sur- mise that the greater part of it could be consigned to the waste-basket, not only without deteriorating the lures with which they are constructed, but being a factor in their improvement. Bear in mind that the fly I now propose to in- struct you how to dress is not the ordi- nary feather fly, but a fly, the body of which is waterproof and whose wings are made of feathers. In starting out I may remark that a great many writers on the practical manufacture of artificial flies claim it an easy matter to dress one, it is not so. It certainly might be quite a simple task to tie the flies they refer to and illustrate in their drawings. These are not the flies we will make, for their imagination that their products were artistic lead them astray. When we finish tieing our fly you will read- ily perceive whether the above state- ment I have made has fact for its found- ation. It will be a pleasure to me to in- A little furthe.'" advanced April, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 167 to which turpentine is added in sufficient quantity that when the rosin is dissolved it shall be of the consistency of molasses. A little of this is placed on the forefin- ger and the thread drawn through it until it is sufficiently waxed. This is a dirty, sticky application, and is properly han- dled by waxing a dozen or more threads of tieing silk three feet long each, the day before using them. If you neglect this you will be obliged to cleanse your fingers after every fly you tie. The other liquid is white shellac varnish, made by adding alcohol to bleached shellac, allow- ing it to stand in a warm place until dis- solved and it becomes like thin varnish. This is applied to the silk that forms the head of the fly where the wings are at- tached and finishes it off, so to speak. OF materials for tieing on the loop attached to each hook, and fixing in place all materials, in the make up of our new fly, tieing silk of exceeding fineness and strength is required. Two hanks of silkworm gut, one fine, for loop- ing the fly, the other coarse for making the frame work of the detached body, is not to be omitted, nor yet white horse hair, which is to be dyed all the primary colors. Floss silk of all shades, narrow gold and silver tinsel; right and left wings of turkey, duck, geese, ibis, etc., in fact any kind that will give you the shade required for your wing. Last not least, seal fur from a very young seal pup, dyed all the leading colors, furs of all acquatic animals are preferred, from the fact that these are more or less wa- terproof. I neglected to mention a few golden pheasant feathers, especially the tippets. With this material any natural insect can be imitated. A small table should be selected and covered with white paper. The fly vise is affixed to its edge near the middle. The posi- tion of the table should be in front of a window to insure sufficient light. Light your spirit lamp and taking a straight shanked hook. Fig. No. 1, in your pliers heat it in the flame un- til it becomes a cherry red, from the middle of hook shown in Fig. 1 to the end of the shank, then bend to the shape shown in Fig. 2. There is considerable doubt concern- ing what act can be committed of “right down cussedness” which can be classed as the unpardonable sin. I’ll tell you what it is, it is to fasten a loop on a hook that will pull out on the first strain placed upon it. In order that this awful sin will not appear against you on the pages of the Big Black Book I propose to show you how to attach a loop to a hook, either large or small, that cannot be pulled out by any known means. Take a peice of waxed tieing silk about two feet long, fasten it se- curely at a point about the middle, shown in Fig. 3, wind it spirally six or eight times around the shank, until it reaches the extreme end of it, then secure it with a half hitch No. 3. Clip off the thread close to the hook. Cut off a piece of gut, and bend it to form a loop. No. 4; place it in the inside of the hook, from the point about the middle, shown in No. 3 to the end of the shank, making the loop at the end the desired size, wind it evenly and securely with the long thread in Fig. 3 to the part designated in Fig. 3, and half hitch it. It will then appear exactly as No. 5. Now fasten the hook securely in the vise allowing the long thread to remain. Cut off two pieces of stout gut. Fig. 6, one an inch and a half, the other an eighth of an inch longer. This extra eighth of an inch is to project that much or more beyond the other piece to which it will be attached ; this will give the correct taper to the extreme end of the detached body. Take these two pieces of gut between the finger and thumb; fasten the tieing silk securely around both pieces with the thread. Fig. 6, wind A few more intricate moves in the development of the fly The finishing touches it spirally and tightly, and carry the thread to the extreme end and fasten it with a half hitch. WE will now fasten the tail to the gut frame work we have con- structed for the body. Take two long Aliments from the tail feather of any bird the desired color. Fig. 7. Take Fig. 6 between the finger and thumb, and with the thread, which is half hitched, make a little knob at the end by winding it around one tiny place a number of times. This is shown in Fig. 8; this gives a finish at the very end, besides imparting a natural appearance; last, not least, it keeps the tail curving upward. Take the two fibres of feather. Fig. 7, and place them at the point below the knob you have made, binding them securely and firmly, as shown in Fig. 8. Now as you require to make the body of your fly a certain size, and in proper proportion, having it also of even taper, all the material, I mean the silk, the tinsel and horsehair should not be attached, and the ends clipped off near (CONTINUED ON PAGE 191) 168 FOREST AND STREA.M April, 1919 FORESTa^STREAM FORTY-EIGHTH YEAR FOUNDERS OF THE AUDUBON SOCIETY GOVERNING BOARD: GEORGE BIRD GRINNELL, New York, N. Y. CARL E. AEELEY. American Museum of Natural History, New York FRANK S, DAGGETT, Museum of Science, Los Angeles, Cal. EDMUND HELLER, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C< 0. HART MERRIAM, Biological Survey, Washington, D. C, WILFRED H. OSGOOD, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, 111. JOHN M. PHILLIPS, Pennsylvania Game Commission, Pittsburgh, Pa. CHARLES SHELDON, Washington. D. C. GEORGE SHIRAS, 3rd. Washington. D, C. WILLIAM BRUETTE, Editor JOHN P. HOLMAN, Associate Editor TOM WOOD, Manager Nine East Fortieth Street, New York City THE OBJECT OF THIS JOURNAL WILL BE TO studiously promote a healthful interest in outdoor rec- reation, and a refined taste for natural objects. August 14, 1873. THE ARROW SHOOTER 'T' HE real sportsman, the genuine lover of God’s Out-of-doors, learns some of the finest things of life along the taper of his rod and the rib of his gun. For one thing, he is a chaser of rainbows, and in this chase has learned that romance lies everywhere, waiting for him to flush it; adventure hides all around him, waiting only for the right fly to lure it from the hidden depths. He knows that in his rainbow chasing he may never find the pot of gold — but this he knows, that life is good, and the chase of it better; and the long, sunny trail to adventure alluring starts anywhere his feet may chance to be, if only he have the nerve to follow it. Few of us shoot all our arrows. And many of us dream of the trail that leads to coral islands lying in an azure sea, where pearls hide by golden sands and palm fronds wave to the tropic breeze . . . the trail of adventure. Ah, how we dream and dream . . . and say, “It cannot be.” When, did we but see it, there, at our very feet, lies the trail to it all. We can have it any day, if only we have the nerve to go get it. But we .never shoot all our arrows. One or two, a dozen it may be, but never the full quiver emptied. It is so your hunter starts on his hunt, and all through the long day he beats the bush and sweeps the plain, till at last, discouraged, he says, “There is no game. Life is humdrum, life is drab. It’s too civilized. What’s the use?” And he flings his gun on his shoulder in disgust, steps wearily homeward . . . and . . . Whir-r-r-r . . . There they rise with thunder of wing and clamor of cackling throat, a bevy of gorgeous grouse, a covey of them, sailing and soaring an instant, then swallowed up in the drab thicket again . . . without a single following shot ! ! ! So your hunter stands, agape a moment, then, grumbling at his unreadiness steps out again, home- ward. “What’s the use? It’s only a stray covey. gone now. The world is gameless, adventureless, drab.” And as he draws near the camp where his team waits, he pulls the shells from his gun, snaps it shut with a sigh . . . steps out — Whir-r-r-r — ^they rise with clatter of wing and cackle of throat, a sun- burst of living rainbows, half a dozen of them, gor- geous cock pheasant and iridescent hen, sailing, flap- ping, sailing to land in the distant swamp afar off, while grayness settles on the hunter’s world again. None of us shoot all our arrows, most of us not half of them. We wade the old stream, cast fly after fly, and get not a rise. Enthusiasm wanes, hope deferred makes the heart sick. Till we say, “The world is fished out; there isn’t a trout left in it. There lies the pool, Sundappled, cool, weaving froth wreaths o’er its dappled depths,” but no fish? Toiled all day and taken nothing? Listless the fly sails, and settles, and our minds wander on the drab monotony, and . . . Flip-p-p-p, splash ! ! ! and a tense rainbow shoots up, curves, and dives with open jaws at the fly. But your fisher hopeless, frozen into inactivity, never even strikes to the rise — only stands agape with surprise while the ripples close slowly over the radiant spot. None of us shoot all our arrows — we work awhile, and then lose hope, and courage wanes. We have a mighty bow, a quiver full of polished arrows, each a masterpiece, and a target big as the world to shoot at — and we never shoot . . . So sportsman — fisher in many streams of life; hunter in many a strange field — what’s the matter with you . . . YOU? Shoot man, shoot all your ar- rows. For all life is a grand hunt, and many a drab thicket holds glorious game. Shoot, and be ready to shoot again, and yet again — all your long day of life. For the New Year is here, the Dawn of a BIG, NEW DAY ... So shoot — all you have and may the God of the real sportsman give you good hunting, good game — till the last light of earth fades and the Dawn breaks on the Great Divide, where, they tell us the Happy Hunting Grounds lie. A THEORY OF MIGRATION A N interesting lecture was given recently in Eng- land by Mr. C. J. Palmer, under the auspices of the Ipswich Field Club. After dealing with the habits and distribution of local birds, the lecturer discussed the theory of bird migration, and said in that distant period of geologic time before the ad- vent of the Ice Age, the region round the Pole was, it was supposed, tropical and luxuriant, and con- stituted the central headquarters of the great bird army of the world. Under the gradual pressure of increasing cold, first the immediate region round the Pole, and afterwards an ever-extending area, became too cold to support bird life in winter, and, as that season of the year approached, the birds were driven south. With the birds, however, the love of home and place is the ruling passion (the same swallow will nest in the same porch year after year), and, as soon as spring returned, the birds flocked back to their old nesting-places, released by the increasing heat of the sun from the ice-bound dominion of winter. After a time they were unable to return as far as their original homes, being stopped by the extending ice barrier. They then made their nesting-places as far north as the clim- ate and the pressure of their numbers over a given area permitted, to be again driven back in the win- ter, and next year to reach a nesting-place still April, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 169 further removed from their first most northern home. The migratory habit, having been com- menced and implanted, never ceased, and the birds found themselves by it reaching every autumn a further southern limit, and every spring a more restricted northern one. Other planetary disturb- ances may in future ages drive birds altogether from Great Britain, or restore them again to their Polar homes. NIGHT PROWLING BIRDS A CORRESPONDENT questions if predaceous birds fly by night and pursue the streams of migratory birds on their journeys from North to South. We think there is no doubt that hawks, owls, and other predaceous birds pursue the fleeing swarms, and the only question is, do they take their prey at night? All kinds of owls we know will take birds at night, and it is probable that certain kinds of hawks do likewise. The difficulty, of course, is to prove cases, as night and the high altitude at which birds migrate prevents observation. Height raises another question. Migratory birds are said to fly at a height of many miles, and this would take them up to a twilight zone. We have seen hawks take their prey, including blackbirds and sparrows, after they have gone to roost. About five o’clock one evening last December, hearing much chattering from some small birds which were accustomed to roost in a large clump of bamboos, we approached to try and discover the cause. We suspected a cat, but, after some time, we made out the shape of a bird perched on a branch near the bamboos. Finally it made a dash into the bamboos, and then made off with what we strongly suspected was a sparrow dangling in its talons. The moon was up, and this enabled us to make a good guess that it was a spar- row hawk hard pressed with hunger. A DOG WITHOUT A MASTER 1^ ID the reader ever see a lost dog in a great city ? ^ Not a dog recently lost, full of wild anxiety and restless pain and bewilderment, but one who had given up the search for a master in despair, and had become consciously a vagabond? If so, he has seen an animal that has lost his self-respect, travel- ing in the gutters, slinking along by fences, making acquaintance with dirty boys, becoming a thorough coward, and losing every admirable characteristic of a dog. A cat is a cat even in vagabondage; but a dog that does not belong to somebody is as hope- less a specimen of demoralization as can be found in the superior race among which he has sought in vain for his master. We know him at first sight and he knows that we know him. The loss of his place in the world, and the loss of his object of loyalty, personal and official, have taken the signi- ficance out of his life and the spirit out of him. He has become a dog of leisure. WHY NOT SCENTED BAITS A QUESTION was asked recently if fish were able to smell food at a distance. We do not think there is the slightest doubt about it, as there is so much evidence confirming our opinion. Water is very similar to air as a medium for conveying scent, and anyone who has seen chub, for instance, nosing up-stream in search of a bit of cheese, or eels and trout working up for worms, will be quickly con- vinced that fish have a very strong sense of smell. Old Izaak and many ancient anglers strongly advo- cated the use of scented baits, and it seems strange that today no investigations have been made into their usefulness, only the plainest unadulterated baits being used. Salmon roe has a very strong scent, and it may be that this is the reason why fish are attracted to it from quite long distances down-stream. It is not always that the scented bait is palatable to the fish, proving that it is the scent alone in cases where the bait is not devoured that invited their curiosity or expectation. Horrible mix- tures are sometimes used for attracting fish, but, with the exception of honey, perhaps, in paste for carp, there is little bait-scenting done. PASSENGER PIGEONS SEEN “yHE New York Sun of February 4, 1919, prints the following letter from C. W. Dickinson, the famous wolf hunter of northern Pennsylvania: “In the fore part of September, 1918, as we were going to our war garden in Concord, Mass, we saw a flock of about 200 beautiful passenger pigeons. There is not a possible chance for us to be mistaken about these birds, for the sky was clear, the sun shone bright and the birds passed within 150 feet of us. “The country there is practically level and all cleared, so we could see these birds a long distance. They flew in a northerly direction until they were nearly out of our range of vision, when they circled to the left and came back on the northwest side of us and about the same distance from us as they were when they passed at first, but on the opposite side, and we could plainly see the white breasts of the hens and the red breasts of the toms. These birds are a uniform color except the red and white breasts of the toms and hens. “When these birds are making a flight they fly as steady as wild geese or ducks. They do not wabble or criss-cross, but go straight ahead unless something frightens them. Then, too, they have the long pointed tail. “Of course there are rare exceptions as to color. During our time we saw ten or twelve spotted birds. Some of them are about white. During the latter part of the ’50s we saw a snow white passenger pigeon ten or twelve different times. “We have seen billions of these birds. We have caught over 1,600 dozen with nets and we have shot thousands of them. When a small boy we caught hundreds of them in quail traps; so taking our ex- perience into consideration we think we ought to be able to tell a flock of passenger pigeons today, for our memory is good even if we are growing old.” A REQUEST FRQM THE BIOLOGICAL SURVEY T N connection with its administration of the Migra- ' tory Bird Treaty Act and other work in game con- servation, the Biological Survey desires to secure in- formation concerning every hunting club or other organization whose object is the hunting or conser- vation of game of any kind. It desires information as to the names of the officers, the location of their hunting ground if they possess property of this kind, and the number of members of the organization. The postoffice address of the secretary is particularly desired. Address all communications to the Chief of the Bureau of Biological Survey, Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C. 170 forest and stream April, 1919 MIGRATION SOUTH OF THE EQUATOR SOMETHING ABOUT THE LITTLE KNOWN SUBJECT OF BIRD MOVEMENTS IN THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHEREj Mr. frank KABAN, of the United States Marine Corps, stationed at Mare Island, California, has writ- ten the natural history editor as fol- lows: “Why do we never hear of a southern migration, that is a migration of the birds of the southern hemisphere toward the south, just as our birds migrate to the north, in the spring? “It seems reasonable to expect the birds south of the equator to do that, but I have never heard or read anything to that effect.” This question should be understood to apply to land birds only. In one sense it would be quite fair to answer it by say- ing that we hear so little about bird migration in the southern hemisphere principally because the subject has never been adequately studied in that half of the world. Since the dawn of history, the great centers of population and civil- ization have been in the temperate re- gions of the northern continents, and the return of the swallow in the spring was as familiar to the Greek poet, An- acreon, as it is to us today. Likewise the author of the book of Job speaks of the hawk that stretches her wings to- ward the south, a phenomenon that we, too, note recurrently in autumn. But the habitable lands south of the equator, which means Australia and New Zea- land, the greater part of South America, and less than half of Africa, have be- queathed us no old literature filled with such a tradition of bird migration, and, during the relatively brief period in which these areas have been settled by northem man, there has scarcely been an opportunity for noting and recording the actual facts regarding southern birds that make seasonal journeys toward and away from the equator. In this connec- tion it should not be forgotten that in absolute numbers, as well as in propor- tion to the total population, there are even now vastly fewer naturalists in the southern countries of the globe than there are in the United States, Canada, and western Europe. Nevertheless, after we have made due allowance for the conditions just men- tioned the truth remains that, at least as regards land birds, migration in the southern hemisphere has attained no such dimensions, either in the number of migrant species or the distances trav- ersed, as we find in all parts of the north temperate and boreal world. The most obvious reason for this is to be By ROBERT CUSHMAN MURPHY HE Natural History Depart- ment has been for nearly half a century a clearing-house for in- formation of interest to all. Our readers are invited to send any questions that come under the head of this department to Robert Cush- man Murphy, in care of Forest AND Stream. Mr, Murphy, who is Curator of the Department of Na- tural Science in the Brooklyn Museum, will answer through these columns. — [Editors.] sought in the distribution of continental masses. We all realize that the north- ern hemisphere contains the greater part of the earth’s dry land, but only by look- ing at a geographic globe from a north polar point of view can we gain an adequate conception of the manner in which the great continents of Eurasia and North America are crowded around the northem axis of the world. Look- ing southward in all directions toward the equator, we find that even China, In- dia, and Arabia lie well to the north of the line, while two-thirds of Africa, and a considerable section of South America, are also included within the northern hemisphere. Beyond the equator, at the periphery of the terrestrial world, we find only the minor continent of Austra- lia, and the narrowing wedges of South America and Africa extending into a vast ocean. How diiferent, too, are the relations of these southern lands to each other and to the austral poles! Cape Horn, the extreme tip of South America, lies in about 56 degrees south latitude, a position corresponding to that of Edin- burgh and Copenhagen in the northem hemisphere. Africa extends only about as far south of the equator as Los An- geles and the Strait of Gibraltar lies north of it while Tasmania and New Zealand carry the inhabited southern lands to parallels corresponding with those of Boston, southern Canada and Paris. Under such circumstances, the move- ments, and very population of land birds of the southern hemisphere must clearly he far more limited than those of the birds distributed throughout the snaci- ous north. In the words of Professor Alfred Newton, the distinguished Eng- lish student of ornithology, “if the re- lative proportion of land to water in the southern hemisphere were at all such as it is in the northern, we should no doubt find the birds of southern continents be- ginning to press upon the tropical and equatorial regions of the globe at the season when they were thronged with the emigrants from the north, and in such a case it would be only reasonable that the latter should be acted upon by the force of the former But, though we know almost nothing of the migration of birds of the other hemisphere, yet, when we regard the comparative defici- ency of the land in south latitudes all round the world, it is obvious that the feathered population of such as now- adays exists can exert but little influ- ence.” Another and more speculative rea- son for the limitation of periodi- cal bird movement in the southern hemisphere has to do with the theory which connects present day migration with the geographical source, or point of original dispersal, of the various groups of migratory birds. It is an ac- cepted fact that many of the higher families of birds, such as the pipits, for instance, which are now of almost world- wide distribution originated somewhere in the northern continents, probably in central Asia, and thence radiated through Europe, Africa, both Americas, and many of the outlying islands. When birds of this kind were driven from their northern ranges by the ice invasion of the Glacial Epoch, some of the species only bided their time before following back the retreating cold and reoccupy- ing more and more of their old ranges, the constantly increasing seasonal oscil- lations eventually becoming fixed as the instinct of migration. According to this hypothesis, the birds of the southern con- tinents were not sufficiently distant from the tropics to be so affected by the Glacial Period, and, moreover, many of the groups then existing south of the equator have become extinct, and have been re- placed by invaders from the north. Having now discussed briefly some of the theoretical reasons for the relatively slight development of bird migration on the southern continents, let us consider two or three examples from the scant supply of scientific information which proves that certain land birds, breeding in temperate regions south of the equa- tor, do, nevertheless, make seasonal mi- grations into the tropics. In Argentina, South Africa Australia, and New Zea- (CONTINUED ON PAGE 189) April, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 171 THE BARD OF THE KUSKOKWIM C. EDWARD CONE. A POET OF THE NORTHLAND TELLS OF HIS EXPERIENCES WITH A FISH-WHEEL WHILE TRYING TO PROVIDE FOR A LARGE FAMILY OF MALAMUTES By JOHN P. HOLMAN. Associate Editor of FOREST AND STREAM Last spring, during one of those long northern evenings of late twilight, we were sitting in the lobby of the Crescent Hotel, Anchorage, Alaska, talking of men and things and waiting for it to grow dark enough so we could go to bed with clear con- sciences, when the door opened and a man stepped briskly into the room. “Ah, Mr. Cone!” exlaimed Redwood, our genial host, and he then introduced us to a man about fifty years of age on whose weatherbeaten face was written many a tale of hardship. The smile he gave in greeting portrayed a kindly dis- position, full of the philosophy of life and there was a curious twist about the comers of his mouth that bespoke a depth of humor. Redwood had introduced him as the “Bard of the Kuskokwim” and then hastened to explain that Mr. Cone was a poet of some repute among his fel- low townsmen. We became interested at once and begged him to recite some of his verses. He reluctantly did so and amused us for an hour or more with many original pieces, portraying life in the north. A few days later I visited him at his cabin on the outskirts of town and enjoyed reading some more of his poems and stories. They were all filled with the spirit of the North and told in a very novel and picturesque way. Mr. cone is a real pioneer of Alaska, hav- ing come to the country away back in the eighties and has trapped and prospected over a large part of the country. While pro- specting along the Kuskokwim River he had a tragic ex- perience with a fish- wheel, which he has put into verse. A fish-wheel is an in- genious contrivance which is just what its name implies — a large wheel, an- chored in the stream and turned by the c u r r e n t — it has broad paddles upon which the fish, and especially the salmon, which run up most of the Alaskan streams during the early months of summer in great hordes, are lifted out of the water and deposited in a box arranged for that purpose. Some- times large catches are made in this man- ner, but in Mr. Cone’s case, like many other things in life, it didn’t work just as he had expected it would, but I will let him tell his own story: I’D been prospecting for a year. Was broke, and feeling blue. And was strictly on the hustle For something I could do. I met a wise guy on the trail (They called him “Windy Jim”) And he said, “Go build a fish-wheel And fish the Kuskokwim.” “And when the wheel is finished, sir, You’ll never more be broke For all that you will have to do Is sit around and smoke. And watch the fish fall in the box. And dollars in the poke.” And among some other things. That all-wise guy agreed, That there was money to be made In taking dogs to feed. “You may take fifty dogs,” he said. At five per month for each; Why, talk about your “high finance” My boy, it’s out of reach.” That gaudy scheme looked good to So I quickly set to work To build that magic fish-wheel. And you bet I didn’t shirk. For two whole solid weeks I toiled Just twenty hours a day; And at last the wheel was finished. And I was feeling gay. And when I had it good and safe At anchor in the stream, I went and hunted up some dogs. To finish out that dream. I couldn’t reach that “high finance ” Not even with a pole! I fed about a dozen dogs — They left me in a hole. For though that wheel kept rolling ’round, It caught but little fish ; To wring that wise guy’s windy neck. Was now my ardent wish. I had to feed those hungry dogs! And therein lies the rub: In lieu of fish I had to feed My scanty stock of grub. me. Those malamutes seemed to think That I was all to blame; They seemed to think it was my fault The salmon never came. For every time I came around. They’d look at me and growl; And when a fish fell in the box. They’d all begin to howl. Whene’er I think about those dogs. It almost makes me weep! Through them I lost the little chance I might have had for sleep. There is a gray old trader there. Of whom I want to tell; Though I may never pay him, I shall always wish him well! He’d listen to my woeful tale About my lack of cash, And then he’d let me have some grub. Which showed that he was rash. I handed him a gold-piece once. He almost had a fit! And now I’m sure he never in The least expected it. But may God bless that trader! If it hadn’t been for him. I’d have starved to death while fish- ing Upon the Kuskokwim. 172 forest and stream April, 1919 i A CAFETERIA FOR BIRDS '"TD those of us who love birds it is a 1 pleasure to feed the little ones who brave the winter in our northern clime. It is a good plan also to feed the venture- some early birds of spring who often find “scant picking” during the cold, bleak days of early spring. A unique, economical and efficient feed- ing device was built for me by Mr. Ed- ward Avis, the well-known “Bird Mimic,” who has delighted thousands of audi- ences with his wonderful art of bird- song imitation. The device is simple, practical and highly recommended. It may be con- structed as follows: Bore a hole eight inches deep, two and a half inches in diameter into one end of a smooth-barked log at least 4 by 14 inches in size. With a one-inch auger bore four holes, two on each side and about three inches apart, slanting a little downward from the out- side to the large cavity. Fill a common quart milk bottle with hemp, rape or sun- flower seed, finely chopped suet or scraps, and insert inverted bottle into the log. Care should be taken that the neck of the bottle shall fit tightly so as to ex- clude all rain. We fastened the feeder securely to a tree trunk. A tall post will do nicely. The birds will soon find their way to the food, and the appliance will serve them automatically as long as there is a supply in the bottle. The woodpeckers, nuthatches, chickadees, titmice, brown creepers, etc., will be able to cling to the smooth bark and take the food from the openings, but the English sparrow lacks this accomplishment and therefore will be precluded from the feast, otherwise these little thieves would soon steal all. C. P. H., Connecticut. •LEVEN KINKS 'TT> quickly reload the single shot, .22 A calibre, rim-fire rifle while hunting, as the bullets are outside lubricated and cannot be carried in the pocket loose, and taking one from the box each time is slow, I carry three in a brass tube, sus- pended by a cord from the shirt button- hole. When a cartridge is wanted it is surprising how quickly one slides into the hand by upending the tube. They cannot spill out, for with the cord tied around the upper end of the 3% -inch tube, the weight is always at the lower end. * * * To keep the flask holding either dope, liniment, pain killer, etc., well corked. take a piece of brass wire, form a loop in the middle by twisting it several times, then wrap it around the bottle neck just below the nozzle and twist the two ends together and draw them over the cork and through the loop, the ends are then turned back and the point pushed into the cork. ^ * In a warm country a candle left lying in the tent is apt to twist, droop, or flat- ten out, but by rolling it in paper and placing it under the bed roll it will re- tain its shape. * * * To draw a tight wood screw from a gun stock easily, put a red-hot piece of TT7 E are depending upon the yy friends and admirers of our old correspondent Nessmuk to make this department worthy of his name. No man knew the woods better than Nessmuk or wrote of them with quainter charm. Many of his practical ideas on camping and “ going light ” have been adopted by the United States Army ; his canoe has been preserved in the Smithsonian Institution; and we hope that all good woodsmen will contribute to this department their Hints and Kinks and trail-tested contrivances. — [ Editors. ] iron against the screw head for about a minute, then use the screw driver. 4: * * To clean the metal threads of sand, filings or grease which sometimes hap- pen to get in them while over-hauling a fire-arm, take something flat, in width less than the diameter of the screw hole, lay a piece of cloth over it and turn all into the hole, the same as the screw is turned in. * * ♦ A good match holder for use in a tent can be made from a 12-gage etnpty paper shell. Cut out an oval section from one side then tack it to the tent pole. ^ Hi * For hanging clothes in the tent some good pegs can be made with sev- eral empty revolver cartridges of large caliber and eight-penny nails. Knock out the old primer and in its place slip a nail, then drive the nail into the tent pole until the shell stops it. A big peg is very easy on the garment it holds, whereas the nail heads are apt to dam- age them. Spices and salt and pepper containers are apt to be left on the table while camping. If so they should all be set upside down, then when wanted will not be found covered with dust or other dirt. * « * On most outing trousers the belt loops are sewed flush with the edge and on the inside, this allows the belt to lop above the trousers. So I always tack said loop down by sewing them at least % inch from the top. Hi Hi Hi For advertising many groceries and other businesses give away calendars, generally a big picture with a little pad on it. Under this little pad will be found printed very small, 2% x 1%-inch calendar of the whole year. Take this and paste it in the memorandum book and it will sure come in handy. H * H A good cigarette or small cigar holder can be made by the camper who forgets his, from the leg bone of a rooster, bet- ter known as a drumstick. The remains of the rooster can be lunched upon. Jim Ferguson, New York. REPAIRING SMALL BURNS IN A TENT Balsam wood is notorious for throw- ing off sparks that bum holes in the tent. At places in the north country it is the only fuel obtainable. Last year, at such a place, my tent received a score of holes from this cause and I had not repaired it. We closed them with surgeon’s adhesive plaster, appl3fing it both inside and out. These patches rendered the tent serviceable. I had carried that adhesive plaster upon many hunting trips and this was the first time I had found any use for it. A very useful aid in carrying a rifle came under my observation in Cassiar. A rifle sling has a tendency to slip from the hunter’s shoulder and will not re- main firm on the shoulder unless held in place. One hand must always be on the rifle in order to keep the sling on the shoulder. Often in climbing both hands are required. A large button firmly sewed on the shoulder of the hunting coat will act as a guard for the sling when the sling is over the shoulder, pre- vent it from slipping off and in emer- gencies permit the hunter to make other use of his right hand than holding the rifle on the shoulder. The button will not interfere with a hasty voluntary shifting of the rifle to a position for shooting. Henry Bannon, Ohio. April, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 173 A DISH OF OUR FOREFATHERS IF you had lived in 1719 or 1819 in- stead of the present year you would probably have been familiar with the meat product known as jerked venison. Under the name of “jerky” it traveled in our forefather’s haversacks far to the unknown western lands and with parched corn, known as “rockahominy,” it shared the honor of provisioning the pioneers of America in their fight against primi- tive conditions. Here is the recipe given to me by a government official in Wyoming: C it into strips 2 inches wide, about %-inch thick and as long as the partic- ular muscle extends. Mix about 2 tea- spoonfuls of salt to 1 pound of meat, rubbing in well. Smoke with non-resin- ous wood, such as alder, hickory, bark, etc., for about an hour. Hang over stove to dry. Dry until product breaks when bent. This recipe is primarily for veni- son but it works just as well with beef. This official, an assistant in Boy’s and Girl’s Club work in the northern and western states, gave a demonstration of the process out-of-doors under the blue skies and amid the lofty mountains of Wyoming, before hunters, forest rangers, and mountaineers who came in from miles around, bringing their families with them. They pronounced the jerked venison “good eatin’.” But it seems funny to me that Uncle Sam has to “tell them how” where the former generations of men who occupied that ground presum- ably were familiar with the process. Charles Keene, Wyoming. TO TRAP SKUNK I WILL tell you a good way to trap ^ skunk, civet and muskrat: for skunk make a pen of stones or sticks driven into the ground. The pen should be about two and one-half feet long and open about eight inches on one side, put a piece of bloody rabbit or muskrat in the back of the pen and sprinkle with the musk of a skunk and anise oil mixed, then set a number one and one-half or number ninety-one trap in the opening and if there are any skunks around you will catch one. For civet go out about the last of October and dig some small holes about a foot deep in the side of a hill. Then when you start trapping put some rotten fish in the back part of the holes and set a number one trap in the openings and you may catch five or six in one night. In either this set or the one for skunk it is not necessary to cover the traps, but it is best to, as you may catch a wandering mink or ’coon. For muskrat take a bundle of fodder corn and put in water about six inches deep and set three number one traps on the top of it. Have them staked out in deep water so that the muskrat will drown as soon as he is caught. The following is a good way to keep your feet from getting sore on a long tramp: Take your socks off and rub cream on your feet and then put your shoes and socks back on and on the longest tramp your feet will not get sore. John A. Knoll, Iowa. SECTION OF CAN CUT /IWAY SHOWING FISH WORMS AT BOTTOM OF CAN. “CANNED" WORMS FOR BAIT IN the spring worms are plentiful but in the hot summer months it is almost impossible to dig them. They can be kept on hand for summer use if one will take an old tin can, the larger the better, such as a five-gallon oyster can, and punch it full of nail holes — small, so that the worms cannot crawl through. Bury the can in the ground to within an inch or so of the top; fill it with earth and put in the worms. They will burrow down in the earth of the can which re- ceives moisture through the many tiny holes. Occasionally moisten the soil and put some coffee grounds on top. The re- sult will be lively, juicy worms which no fish can resist. There is quite a bit of money to be made by any enterprizing boy if he will try this scheme. In England bait is sold by many shops, but in America it is often as hard to purchase worms as it is to dig them. So boys, get out your spades and, re- membering the old proverb about the early bird, go forth into the dewy fields and dig. F. V. W., Canada. INFORMATION WANTED CAN any of our readers give us the information desired by the writer of the following letter: Friend Nessmuk-' Being a constant reader of your paper and reading some of your answers to the questions of your admirers, I wish to gain a little of your information. Now, I do not care to kill birds, but some people may think my way is not so exciting, but to me it is a pleasure. I am an admirer of song birds. I have a large cage in my home and keep canaries, but I want to get some other kind that are singers. How would I go about it to trap or capture such birds as the red bird, linnet and such small birds that one can keep in the home and give them the best of treatment? In return all I ask is a song now and then. Will you tell me how I can go into the woods this spring and catch some of these songsters alive? Fred E. Finneran, Rhode Island. A BOTTLE TORCH WHEN working around the camp at night it is often more convenient to use a flare than a lantern. Some times more than one light is needed and then it is handy to know how to con- struct a simple torch. I have camped out a good deal and have used many make- shifts, but the best torch I know of is made in this way. Fit a cork of green, hard wood into a long-necked bottle so that it is fairly tight; cut a V-shaped groove in one side of the cork. In this insert the wick, which may be a piece of flannel or any old rag. It must be long enough to reach well down in the bot- tom of the bottle. Fill the bottle about half full of kerosene, insert wick and cork, and light up and you have an ex- cellent flare. The green wood of the cork does not ignite quickly and the torch is easily grasped and held where one needs it. If there is no kerosene in camp any oil may be used. It might work safely with gas- olene, but I should not want to be the one to experiment with it. A piece of heavy wire twisted around the neck of the bottle serves for a handle or a stick can be split and the neck of the bottle fastened in the crotch. With this torch in hand you may be able to go Diogenes one better and with a little care and a great deal of patience you might be able to find an honest man. Mrs. E. E. H., Maine. 174 forest and stream April, 1919' GIVE THE YOUNGSTERS A CHANCE To the Editor of Forest and Stream : PLERE ought to be an amendment to New York’s gun- toting law which would permit parents to train their chil- dren in the use of fire-arms. Under the present law, as I understand it, one can- not get a permit for a boy to carry a gun, nor for him to hunt, except on the limited areas of one’s own property. When, a year ago, I went to a dis- penser of hunting licenses, and tried to obtain one for my boy, ten years of age, he acted as though he was insulted when I tried to obtain an explanation of the refusal to grant the boy a license. “We just don’t do it; that’s all!” he said. The difficulty seems to be, in New York state, the Sullivan law which was aimed to get criminals whom the New York police could not catch otherwise than with fire-arms on their persons. It was a confession that the police were in- efficient. Accordingly, the right to carry fire-arms was seriously abridged, even though there is some sort of a provi- sion in the old time U. S. Constitution that guarantees the individual’s right to bear arms. The habit of the hunting license is nicely extended so that if a man hunts without one, they get him, too. The States variously differentiate between outsiders and insiders, notably Arkansas, whose game was all being killed off by rather hoggish and unscrupulous hunt- ers and game baggers from elsewhere. There is opportunity here for reciprocity among sporting people, including auto- mobilists, and doubtless there will be in time. But the New York state condition as regards boys and girls and the use of fire-arms is seriously against any one caring to risk the various menaces of state police, game protectors and local police. No matter with what good in- tention a parent starts out to teach his boy to hunt, trap and know the woods, the boy’s rifle, when he is under 16 years of age, may possibly be used to get the parent into serious difficulty with the Sullivan Law. Boys learn to use fire-arms the best when from ten to fourteen years of age. I was eleven years old when I began with a 32 Remin^n rim-fire. I shot hun- dreds of heads of game with it, from deer to chipmunks. One thing my fa- ther taught me, morning, noon and night for a few weeks: “Never point a gun at any one, at yourself, or at any thing you don’t want to shoot; never shoot in the direction of any house, cattle, or garden; always throw your bullet into a solid back- ground, if possible.” I’ve never had an accident nor seen one — I knock wood, of course! My proposal is that the Sullivan Law be amended in legal phrase, to cover the square, law-abiding boy who wants to own a rifle or gun, and who will have instruction in using it. The boy should have a distinctive hunting license of his own, and a button of his own. This license would be issued on con- dition that he have competent instruc- tion. It would be signed by an instructor, as well as by the boy. The instructor should be known to the issuing office of the license. The boy would apply for his instruction either from a parent, a Boy Scout Headquarters, an old guide or woodsman, or from a sportsman. A part of the course in school and in field would be “Game Laws and Useful Animals.” It might be well for every district to have professional instructors in gun craft for boys. The instructors should have their own certificates, which could be is- sued on reputation, as well as on demon- strated fitness to serve in the position. But the State would issue a leaflet, or instruction book, and that book would contain the essentials of a boy’s educa- tion in guncraft, handling fire-arms, carefulness, fitness for the game, and the rest. Consider what Chief Legge, and his protectors, the editors of guncraft magazines. The Master of the Boy Scouts, Colonel Roosevelt, Mr. George B. Grin- nell, and a committee of similar high authorities could put down into a school book for outdoor boys, covering the use and service of fire-arms under the hunt- ing law. There ought to be in every school house in the state a class that would instruct the boys and girls in the use of fire-arms, under this state law — if it didn’t be- come a national law, under the compul- sory military training, for the special training of boys and girls who want to hunt. No boy in the state should be permitted to have a fire-arm who did not take this course of instruction, or its equivalent, in charge of a parent or a professional instructor. This class, for boys of 10 to 16 years of age, would prepare them for hunting in the fields and woods, and for outdoor target prac- tice. I am not asking too much. I went camping out in the deer and bear coun- try alone, at thirteen years of age.- My boys cannot do that now and carry fire- arms. But under a law that made the parent responsible for the adequate in- struction of his hunting children, the boys could go hunting alone, could go trapping alone, provided they were still under the strict discipline of handling fire-arms with every care and caution, ac- cording to rules laid down by competent authorities. Protectors and police could then put the young hunters through the manual, to test their fitness, where they found them. It is all farcical to talk about teaching boys to grow up with a rifle in their hands when the state law makes the parent a criminal for having a pistol, or for permitting his children to own fire-arms. The worst possible thing that can be done is to make it a crime for a square parent to do the best possible thing, as regards fire-arms and outdoor life for his children. It takes a pretty level headed boy to differentiate between crime and the illegal practice of learn- ing to handle a gun, hunt and trap as under present game and gun laws. An amendment to the laws, compelling adequate instruction of boys and girls of hunting age, say 10 years, if they are to have or use fire-arms, air-guns, bean- shooters, would put an end to all the distressing accidents due to ignorance, and reduce carelessness to the minimum. Air-guns and bean-shooters are per- fectly proper playthings for children, if the youngsters are only taught proper play with them. I began my hunting in New York City with a bean-shooter, killing dozens of sparrows and learning to hit marks with them — and never a broken window! Never a hit person to my discredit. Raymond S. Sears, Little Falls, N. Y. OLD STATEN ISLAND DAYS To the Editor of Forest and Stream : 1WAS pretty close to nervous prostra- tion but this morning I received my knife and I felt easier, now I am just as big a kid as ever and I am pleased with my new knife, although I am very near the three score mark, I am a crank on pocket cutlery. I carry three knives and keep on hand about fifteen of various makes. I received my Forest and Stream for March and expect I will not have to bother any more with an irregular news man. I am sending you a little stuff for the paper if you want to use it. I enjoy the little articles from old timers and the duck and snipe shooting on Bame- gat Bay by the old writer is good. I have been there myself; it’s a good place yet. I may some time write up my cruise on the “Deborah Jane,” on the said bay. April, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 175 When I get up these April mornings and walk down back of the house I hear the robins tuning up, I hear the crows in the air uttering their harsh caw as they always do in the mating season, and song sparrows are beginning to tune up for their final effort as soon as a glimmer of light shows in the East; the hens are still in their house but the rooster crows and I stand there and think of thirty and thirty-five years ago when I used to get up at the same time and take my ever- ready Gordon setter “Dash” and get on to the snipe grounds. Old “Dash” knew where to go; he would lead me to every pond-hole and swale, stopping once in a while to see that I was not getting absent minded. If he scented birds he told me by wagging his tail and looking over my way. Those were times I enjoyed myself. Many times have I walked over the fresh meadows from the Prince Bay light to the Kills, and hardly ever without something to show for it. In those days there were numerous ponds in the woods and fields and often teal and pintails were added to the pocket re- served for the zig zagging snipe. Most of these little ponds contained gold fish, shiners, etc.; now most of them are drained off because someone had his old scrofulous blood vessels tapped by a mos- quito. There are just as many mos- quitoes here on Staten Island as ever, but some one has more dollars in his pocket on account of some one’s whim. Last Sunday I took a walk over the old spring shooting grounds. In one low-lying pasture where there is a clear little pond that has not been drained off I saw three black or dusky duck and around the edges of the pond I put up six or eight English snipe. I felt in a way as if I would liked to have broken the law. How I wished my old companion “Dash” was with me so he could do his part; but no, times have changed — thanks to the law and those who observe it. I walked along toward Great Kills for two or three miles, going over the old places and I should judge I put up 25 birds in my morning’s walk. There must have been not a few that escaped my notice. It was a pleasant walk. I heard but two shots fired, usually there is more or less shooting on this end of the Island on Sundays. Coming home I came through the old woodcock grounds, but only put up one pair of these birds. They evi- dently had a nest in the sprouts nearby, but our field and forest fires are so nu- merous that birds that nest on the ground have little chance to propagate their kind. H. L. Allen, Staten Island. FROM AN OLD SUBSCRIBER To the Editor of Forest and Stream: I AM sending you by parcel post the A copies of Forest and Stream. I think I am one of your oldest subscribers or readers, as I have several hundred copies on my shelves, some of them dating back to 1875 when the buffalo ranged the plains and wild Indians camped where now are towns and cities. I have always been interested in outdoor life, but being a working man could indulge in it only to a limited extent; a few days off occa- sionally; but Forest and Stream has kept me in touch and I like to look back and thnk of those men who could so well write up those scenes and times of the open and the wild, and in my mind I seem to be fishing with Fred Mathew, snow shoeing in New Brunswick with Emerson Hough, listening to the stories in Uncle Liska’s shop, camping with the king fishers, gathering specimens with Fred Beverly in the tropics, fishing for black bass with Dr.Henshall, and scores of others who wrote so interestingly. To- day I have been reading of Mr. King and his party and their trip along the West Coast, and yet it does not seem such a long time since the day of muzzle loaders and when prairie schooners were the only means of transportation across the plains, but it is a big jump from those days to the electric car and the pump-gun. I am an old man now, well past the three score and ten, and in the natural course of events it will not be long before the Phantom Drummer beats his last tattoo, yet I look for Forest and Stream every month and hope I may be able to read it for some time to come. If you find this too tedious to decipher chuck it in the waste basket and believe me your well wishei' and one of the old timers. S. E. Hurlburt, Conn. SHADES OF THE DEPARTED To the Editor of Forest and Stream: Following the keen enjoyment of hooking and landing his fish, the dearest wish of the average sportsman is to preserve a record of his achieve- ment. Of course the taxidermist affords the ideal method if he and his art are avail- able but he is usually far from camp and an expensive luxury at best. A tabu- lated list of weights, dates and cap- tors is only partially convincing and fails to bring to mind the actual appearance of the catch. Photographs are good but usually fail to do full justice to the sub- ject. At my camp on a New Hampshire lake I have tried the following scheme with good results. Placing the fish on a sheet of paper and holding the fins and tail wide spread by means of pins, I mark his outline. I then cut this out, tack it to the wall and mark around it with a soft pencil. Removing the paper, I follow the outline in black point with a fine brush. This done, the space within is painted black and the silhouette stands out against the white pine boarding in vivid contrast. Lastly the weight, date and initials of the captor are added. It is especially easy to recount the capture of this or that specimen looming so black again the wall. Here is the three pound bass with his spiney dorsal fin spread in fighting style. Yes, he gave me a grand battle! There is the four pound pickerel — strikingly graceful as compared to the chunked bass. Sorpe sport catching him on a light fly rod and landing him unassisted! Occupying a proud place is the two and one-half pound bass — my nine year old son’s first prize. Will he ever forget how his rod bent as he played him into the landing net? One of the best yams is about the big bass over the door next to the fireplace. He was one of the family for some time before he was added to the food supply and contributed his form to the mural decorations. He would hover (I suppose fish do hover) around us while we bathed, taking a position in about three feet of water at the inner end of the diving board and watching with interest (may- be with amusement) our diving and swimming stunts. Apparently devoid of fear, he would allow us to approach within a yard of him before taking an unhurried refuge beneath the board. For a long time all efforts with all kinds of lures failed to interest him, but there came a fatal day — and here he is. Here and there are the fish taken by our guests who, when they return next season, will greet the evidence of their skill with renewed enthusiasm and, as Jerome K. Jerome says, “the thrilling tale will be told again — with fresh ex- aggerations each time.” Edward P. Hendricks, Mass. We are especially glad to have received the above letter and trust that more of our readers will take advantage of this department in our journal and send us such interesting suggestions as ma/y oc- cur to them, accompaning their letters with photographs if possible. — [Editors.] A novel way to preserve a record of your fish 176 FOREST AND STREAM April, 1919 A WASHINGTON TROUT STORY To the Editor of Forest and Stream: The busy life of a civil engineer on railway construction affords little time for trout fishing, although it very often takes him to regions where trout are plentiful. An elderly native, who had the best varment dog in the state, as well as a line of bear, deer and trout stories that invited extreme credulity, had often told me of a certain stream, back in the timber. Taking advantage of my hard earned and carefully arranged for holiday, three a. m. found me pumping the speeder over the main line, toward a junction with a logging road. Four level miles sped by in short order and I had arrived at the junction. The logging road was a differ- ent story. Grades up to eight per cent., geared engines being used to haul with, for no ordinary locomotive could begin to negotiate such grades and neither could I with the speeder. For quite a few miles of the ten-mile road I had to walk and push th« speeder. However, dawn was just breaking as I reached the end of the road and prepared to ascend the skidway, the next stage of my journey. A Washington skidway is made by putting three logs together so as to form a huge trough. Where possible it is laid on the ground, and is supported by cribbing across draws and very un- even ground. It is steep enough to per- mit us to descend by gravity. When 1 had reached the top of this one I was willing to rest for a few moments. Luck was with me when I hunted for the blazed trail, for I found it in no time. The trail led for three miles through the virgin timber and was fine going. It brought me to an old abandoned wagon road, which I followed for five miles and which ended at a ten acre clearing, long since deserted. I was now within three miles of the stream, but there were no more trails to aid me on my way. It was a three mile plunge through the jungle. It is difficult to convey any idea of the terrific density, of a Washington forest to one who has never experienced one. Gigantic trees, six to twelve feet in diameter, and of tre- mendous height, a very heavy under- brush, due to the great rainfall, mon- strous windfalls which are difficult to either climb over or go around, in fact such a forest is all but impassable. How- ever, I wrestled onward. At times I was certain that I heard the roar of the stream, but upon listening carefully, dis- covered that it was the wind in the tree tops. Finally I heard the real music of the water, and after a sharp scramble I was beside it. No beaten fisherman trail along the banks here with empty tin cans, pieces of paper and remains of lunches to greet you at evei'y turn. It was a virgin stream and all mine for a time. I hastily jointed my rod, and then opened my creel. Dur- ing my plunge through the jungle the lid had become loosened and my fly book was gone. There are moments in one’s life that will never be forgotten. To re- trace my steps in search was more than impossible. I sat down, unpacked my creel and discovered imbedded in the straw a common old three for a penny number six steel or maybe iron hook. A blue white diamond would not have pleased me as well. A search under some stones in a shal- low backwater revealed perriwinkles ga- lore, and with one of these impaled on my hook I was ready to cast. The line slowly swirled along with the current, hesitated in a little eddy, there was a chug and a zip and shortly I was land- ing a twelve inch mountain trout. Stream of streams, accustomed to the well fished waters of the east where one or two ten or eleven inch trout make a very handsome top for a string, to me it was a revelation. A sharp rapids, terminating in falls with a great pool at the foot, furnished trout up to fifteen inches, until I moved on for a mere change of scenery. Next a great log jam backed the water up. Creamy foam extended for ten or twelve feet back from the logs. Right at the edge of the foam more big fellows awaited my hook. So I continued until in an all too brief period a creel that tugged heavily Two fine Rainbows at my shoulder, and thoughts of the re- turn journey, warned me to quit. With most acute regret, I turned from that glorious stream, sliding away through the wonderful forest, and dived up through the jungle. Over the wagon road and across the blazed trail, down the skidway lickety-split, by gravity the same as the logs, in a jiffy I had the speeder on the track and was enjoying the “joy-ride” of my life. Nothing to do but work the brake, and well before sun- down I was back to camp. The first person to greet me was my elderly friend. “Well,” he said, “You have been lost.” I displayed my catch. “No,” he said, “You didn’t get lost, but it beats me how you ever got there and back by this time.” It does me too, when I think of it. A. T. Hooven, Washington. THE HUMBLE FROG To the Editor of Forest and Stream: T HAVE read Forest and Stream for ^ quite some time and have noticed that your contributors write about all other game but leave the humblest of them without space in your wonderful maga- zine on wild game. That is the reason for this little letter about the humble frog. He has given me many a happy hour spent in quest of this wise fellow, for those who have hunted him will acknowledge that he is quite clever in hiding and disappearing when you find him and are aiming at him. I will try to tell why I consider Mr. Frog good sport. One reason is that he is within easy reaching distance of all. My second reason is that he offers an oppor- tunity for the use of a rifle and my last reason is that when fried he makes a tempting morsel. By that I mean his hind legs and if he is very large his back has enough meat to make it worth while to prepare sometimes too. Mr. Frog is hunted best with a twenty- two calibre rifle, using the twenty-two short or long cartridge, whichever your rifle is chambered for. It has been my ex- perience that he is most likely to be found in swamps and sluggish moving water. I have never had any success in clear, swift running water. I am sorry to say that like most of our large game, even the small frog is slowly being wiped out. I speak only for certain sections on Long Island, where a few years ago I could take my rifle or the red flannel and hook and after a short walk reach a swamp where in ten or twenty minutes I could get enough large fellows for a meal: but the inroads of the small boy with the rifle and the slaughter of the small frogs is slowly cleaning him out, and the ones that survive are so wild you can not get near enough to see them before they dive. C. Mathewson, Brookljm, N. Y. ON COOKING WATERFOWL To the Editor of Forest and Stream: Your inquiry as to the best method of cooking strong flavored waterfowl is one often asked by sportsmen. There are many ways but one of the best is given by a British brother sportsman who says: “I gladly give hereafter a recipe much appre- ciated in Normandy for cooking strong and oily flavored birds, such as waterhens, coots, scoters, scaups, etc., and making a tasty stew: Salmis. — Do not pluck your bird, but rather skin it. First, carve off the members and cut them into pieces as well as the carcass. Prepare a brown sauce with a lump of butter about the size of an egg and a tablespoonful of flour. When your sauce is getting to a flne chestnut color, add a saucerful of onion chopped very flne; then a bottle of red wine and half a tumbler of water. Season well with salt, pepper, a little nutmeg or Worcester- shire sauce, and a bunch of herbs. Put the pieces of your fowl in the stew, but retain the liver. Keep it simmering for two hours. Then mix in the liver crushed to a pulp, along with a tablespoonful of bread- crust raspings. Stir well for a couple of minutes over the fire and serve. A few potatoes added in due time to cook in the above stew are often thought to improve the flavor.” It would be quite easy to get the half tumbler of water, but where, after July first, will we get the bottle of red unne which our British brother speaks of so flippantly? — [Editors.] April, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 177 DUCKS AND ALKALI To the Editor of Forest and Stream : IN the extreme northwest corner of North Dakota, some three or four 1 miles from the Montana line and about I the same distance from the Canadian line, lies a small lake, covering some 160 acres, that is very strongly impregnated , with alkali. In October, 1916, a party of , six of us went out from Poplar, Mon- I tana, for a duck hunt. After hunting on , another lake some five miles farther west we moved east to the lake above men- ' tioned one afternoon and went into camp. : We had very good shooting that evening, but before going to bed it was decided to ' go back to the other lake for the morn- , ing shoot. The writer, not being as ! young as he was before it was his priv- l ilege to wear a G. A. R. button, said he would stay and watch camp. But the ! others did not go the next morning on I account of the weather. ; During the night the wind came up and blew very hard from the northwest, I and the weather turned so cold that the water in our large milk can was frozen ' quite hard, and when the writer got up , it was still blowing so hard I did not 1 dare build a fire to make coffee for fear j the blaze might get away and start a prairie fire. This mention of the weather I is really necessary in order to explain, somewhat at least, what had happened, I and the very peculiar thing that befell us at this little lake. Now I wish to say right here that if I did not have the evidence of the other five members I of the party to fall back upon I would I not dare to tell just what kind of luck we ! actually did have. Four of the men were I residents of Poplar, and the other, a Mr. j Ferguson, a man who has hunted over nearly all the United States, lives at Cul- I bertson, Montana, but our experience was I something entirely new to him. I After eating a cold lunch we took our guns and walked down to the lake for I our morning shoot. Arriving at the lake I the first thing we saw was what we took to be a wounded duck start out from the shore and go flopping off in the water and to put it out of its misery shot it. ' As we had not brought along our waders, and as the wind was blowing toward the shore, we walked on, intending to pick up the duck on our way back. We had not ' gone far before we flushed another duck j which acted just like the first one. We ! shot that and went on, leaving it for the I waves to wash ashore. Going a few rods farther across a point we sighted a third duck in the same condition as the others, but we shot it before it had time to get far from shore. While waiting a few minutes for the wind to blow the bird within reach the thought struck us all at once that neither of the three birds appeared to have been winged, as we re- called that all three were using their wings for all they were worth. When W'e picked up the last duck shot we no- ticed it was extremely heavy and an ex- 1 amination showed the breast, tail feath- ers and the underside of the wings coat- ed with what we first took to be ice, as it hung in white balls and crystals. We went back and picked up the other two, and they were in precisely the same con- dition. Investigation showed it was not ice at all, but crystalized alkali. The truth was that for some cause better known to the chemist than to us, the ex- treme cold during the night had caused the alkali in the water to congeal, as it were, and as the water splashed the highly impregnated water against the bird as he sat along the shore, it had accumulated in such quantities on his feathers he could not fly. As soon as the crystals dried, which was in a short time, they turned to white powedr and fell off. We picked off some feathers and put them in a box and brought them home as an evidence of the truthfulness of our story, as without this evidence no one could have been expected to believe us. Taking the three ducks back to camp and leaving them we returned to the lake and soon had a dozen nice ducks, all we could carry back, the shore being lined with these flopping ducks. I have sim- ply told facts, and if any other hunter who may read this ever had a similar ex- perience I should be pleased to hear from him. C. A. Bennett, Minn. The biter is bit A NOVEL WAY TO FISH To the Editor of Forest and Stream : T ENCLOSE a photo which will prove ^ of interest to all members of the clan of Isaac Walton. By hook or crook we obtain our ends, but not often in this manner. Fishing with a hellgramite for bait, the common name given by fisher- men to the larva of the Dobson or Homed Corydalis, in this instance he proved him- self not only a hellgramite, but a heller. Getting the long-looked-for bite I drew in my line with expectancy, sure enough I had a beautiful sunnie and in this particular case the biter was bit. In- stead of hooking the fish, the hellgramite had closed his ice tongs most tenaceously on the lower part of the fishes gills thus making a record and novel fish landing for me. Thinking this would prove of interest I quickly got my camera and here are the results. Lake Hopatcong, I have been told, contains besides its splendid game fish, millions of sunfish. Hopatcong is the Indian name for sweet- ened water, perhaps that is why the sun- fish from its waters are of exceptional sweetness. J. B. Pardoe, New Jersey. CONCERNING ARROW-HEADS To the Editor of Forest and Stream : OVER most of the Continent of North America are to be found arrow heads, fashioned from flint or other stone. Could you, through the columns of Forest and Stream or by referring the matter to some one conversant with the subject, give me information as to how these arrow heads were worked and fash- ioned by the peoples who used them? In the ages they 'were in use it may be presumed that no tools made of metal were available. J. W. McIllree, Victoria, B. C. To the Editor of Forest and Stream: For the benefit of your correspondent, I will say that stone arrow-heads and similar implements were worked with very simple tools. While it is true that there were always local variations and slight differences in methods of han- dling the work, just as there are differ- ences in blacksmithing, etc., yet, in the main, the process is the same. There is in fact only one successful way in which stone of this kind can be worked, that is, by chipping. The flint, or more properly, chert, is usually taken from the original strata and is thus some- what softer and more workable than when exposed to the air. Blocks are re- duced to the desired general form by striking with boulders or hand hammers of stone. These forms are then brought into leaf shape about the size of the point desired by striking with smaller stones. Finally, they are shaped and finished by pressure applied with bone or antler points. Further details of the process will be found in general books on the subject. Clark Wissler, New York. FROM A SOLDIER To the Editor of FOREST and Stream: AS I am in the army now I find my- self going back into the past for that touch with Nature which is now denied me because of my work. I did not know how much I could miss it until I had spent a year in the Army. I am promising myself that, when I get my discharge, I shall go out and build for myself a log cabin and spend the rest of my days in the great out-of-doors. I know now what Mother Nature meant when she said : “Give me a child in his tender years and he will never forsake me.” I have been roaming through quite a number of back copies of Forest and Stream. Age doesn’t hurt them. They are just as good as new even though some of them are entitled to quite a number of birthdays. Warren Kimsey, Arkansas. (several letters are held over) 178 Forest and stream April, 1919 You can’t imagine how delightfully toothsome and delicious fish can be when prepared on the AMERICAN KANPKOOK The clean, blue flame and uniform heat makes it the ideal stove for all camp cooking. Has two powerful burners ; bums common gasoline. Folds secure- ly into steel case when not in use. Set up and going in two minutes ; cooking all done in the time it takes to gather fuel for a wood camp fire. Simple, sub- stantial, safe, not affected by wind. Also supplied with collapsible KAMP- OVEN for broiling and baking. Sold by sporting goods and hardware dealers. Write for illustrated folder. American Gas Machine Co. 807 Clark St., Albert Lea, Minn. THE MASTER CANOE " Outdoor life did it, ” American youth’s love of life in the open ft made possible an army of stalwart, self- reliant fighters. What other sport like canoeing ? With a canoe you can sail or paddle, drift or race, fish, or swim and dive in the cool waters. There’s no other canoe like the “Old Town” — so staunch yet speedy, so swift and shapely — and so > safe. A dependable “pal” and carry- all. Paddle your own canoe — U- and be sure it’s an “Old f- Town.” Write for View i" Book. Dealers everywhere, v TOWN CANOE COMPANY 894 Fourth St. , Old Town, Maine ( ! U.S.ARMY&NAVYGOODS UNIFORMS AND EQUIPMENT FOR OI-TTCERS AXD F.M.ISTKI) MEN Complete outfitters and dealers in govern- ment goods — from an .army hat cord to a battleshil). .5,000 useful articles for field service, carnp- ing, outing, etc., in Army Officers’ price list. 34 4 — sent on receipt of 3 rents postage. ARMY& NAVY STORE CO., Inc. Largest Outfitters No inflated flrtces Army & Navy Building 245 West 42nd St. New York THE TYRO’S PRIMER CERTAIN TERMS, PHRASES AND IDIOMATIC EXPRESSIONS USED BY MILITARY RIFLEMEN ARE DEFINED AND EXPLAINED By CAPTAIN ROY S. TINNEY, Associate Editor of FOREST AND STREAM (CONTINUED FROM LAST MONTH) THE FIVE POSITIONS PRONE This is technically and tactically the best and steadiest of all the five positions; it is the first one the Tyro should be taught, the one he will use the most (opinions and objections of certain old shots to the contrary not- withstanding) and until he has mastered it, using the sling, he should not be per- mitted to fire a shot in any other way. It is assumed by lying down flat on your “tummy” at an angle of about 45 de- grees to the left of the line of fire, spread the legs wide apart, toes out and heels in, sides of both feet flat on the ground. Place the left elbow to the front and as far to the right as is comfortable, then raise the right shoulder and place the butt-plate into that hollow I’ve talked about so much, and see that the heel of the stock is well up, not digging into the shoulder. Remember you lay behind your gun, not on it. Place the right elbow on the ground and “freeze your face to the stock. Don’t be afraid, the comb “won’t bite-cha,” but it will sure bump you if you don’t get right down hard and close. Let the right elbow come where it will and lay as close to the ground as possible; smuggle right down to Mother Earth and let her steady and support ninety-odd percent of you; the common error being a useless attempt to rise up. KNEELING POINT the left knee toward the target and put the right knee on the ground, sitting on the heel of the right foot. The point of the left elbow is placed on or just over the left knee, lean the body well forward and hold as steady as you can. I advise you to learn how to assume this pose, which is simply an outworn relic of the flint-lock days, simply because certain hide-bound re- actionaries insist upon its use, but un- der the present “regulations” a man al- ways has his choice between kneeling and sitting; the “wise virgins” accept the proffered seat. The best comment I ever heard made on this position was ex- pressed by an old regular army sergeant who has won international honors and possesses the godsent gift of passing on his skill to others. “I always teach a man how to kneel,” he remarked, “and then tell him never to use the fool position.” Whenever you meet “kneeling” on the printed score card sit right down and stand on your rights. SITTING This is a very useful hunting posi- tion and is strongly recommended by Stewart Edward White, the fa- mous novelist and African hunter. Per- sonally I have found it to be “heap good medicine” and use it most successfully for long shots where the cover renders the prone position impossible, also it is possessed of sufficient freedom to get moving targets and I always use it when time and conditions permit me to “take a seat.” Thin men cross their legs, while us “fat-fellas” spread them out, but the basic principle remains the same, seat slightly higher than the heels, if the contour of the ground will permit, and an elbow resting on, or against each knee, but never bone to bone. Dig into the ground with your heels, if you can, it helps a lot and apply all the other basic principles of holding mentioned in the description of the prone work, but in the last analysis every man must work out his own salvation, according to his build and temperament, and only practice and experiment will give the “dope” best suited to his peculiar needs. SQUATTING Here is a new one invented by Col- onel Harllee, of the Marine Corps, and taught by the Sailor-Instruc- tors on the great chain of Navy Ranges that culminated in building the biggest rifle range in the world at Caldwell, N. J. At first flush the old timers pro- nounced it a fancy “garby” trick, but it is nothing of the sort; it is by far the most useful, available and, except for standing, the quickest position of them all. The only man who condemns this position is the chap who never learned how to use it. You do it thus: Both feet are flat on the ground, no toe work, keep the heels down and the- buttocks clear of the ground, just a plain, or’nary squat. Slip the points of your elbows well over each knee and you will suddenly find yourself locked into posi- tion, steady and solid, also you are com- fortable. And let me pause to remark right here that any position that is not comfortable is tvrong, the slightest trace of strain is prima facie evidence that something is wrong; find out what it is at once and don’t cease your efforts until you have found a pose that is absolutely comfortable. This is the only rule ex- tant that is not peppered with one or more exceptions. The “garbles” assure me it is steadier than sitting — while I prefer the semi- April, 1919 Forest and stream 179 Wilson Tackle and Sundries embrace “ Everything for the Fisherman” — rods, reels, lines, baits, nets, etc. — including camp equipment of many kinds. It means a lot when you’ve hooked your fish to know that your tackle is WILSON — the very best. Wilson Illustrated Fishing Tackle Catalog Free Write for our new Fishing Tackle Book describing and illustrating most complete line of fishermens’ supplies in America. All your “old favorites” and everything that’s new. Address Thos. E. Wilson & Co., 700-710 No. Sangamon Street, Chicago. Leading Sporting Goods Dealers, Hardware and De- p partment Stores throughout the country sell and recom- mend Wilson Fishing Tackle and Camp Equipment. NEW YORK Thos.E.Wilson&Co. Fish With Wilson Tackle Most Complete Line of Tackle and Sundries With a World-Wide Reputation for Quality Choose your fishing equipment for the coming season from the time-tried WILSON line of tackle. 180 fores t and s t r e a :\i April, 1919 TO THE ^ Anglers of Chicago ^HEN starting on that long* planned fishing trip do not invite disappointment by taking nondescript tackle of unknown origin that is placed on the mar* ket without name or reputation. Every penny saved on such tack- le will be offset by hours of bitter regret before your trip is over. Insist upon having Abbey & Imbrie tackle, which is backed by a nationally-respected name and 99 years of flawless service to anglers. Abbey & Imbrie tackle protects you as no other tackle can. In every detail it represents the highest quality of materials and the most expert craftsman- ship. It is the BEST tackle made. You MUST have it for full satisfaction. ABBEY & IMBRIE OivistOD of Baker, Murrejr A Imbrie, Inc, 15- 17 Warren Street, New York For 35c Poitpaid all lubrication and polishing around the house, in the tool shed or afield with gun or rod. NYOIL Id the New Perfectioo Pocket Package is a matchless combination. Hportsmen t>ave known It for jeart. D^alern sell NYOIL at 15c. and 35c. Send us the name of a live one who doesn't sell NYOIL with other net^oarles for sportsmen and we will send you a dandy, handy new can (screw top and screw tip) con- tatnlnit SH ooDces postpaid for 35 cents. WH. F. NTE, New Bedford, Mast New Pleasures In Boating With a Lockwood- Ash Row Boat Engine new boating pleasures are in store for you. On your vacation, camping, fishing, pic- nicing or hunt- ing, you can ex- plore new fields. You can glide through the nar- rows, across the riffles, over the shal- lows. Young and old can enjoy this practical, economical sport. Ask for the Lock- wood-Ash Booklet ; learn about the 30-day trial plan Lockwood-Ash Motor Co., ISllHortonAve. Jackson, Mich. C66] aAb-JNE ENGINES M ^ A Finest Scotch Wool So^*ks in White, , llO* iU Navy, Heathers, Black, Oi^y, Brown, Green, Khaki, White with colored clocks, I CA & large assortment of fancy pah^ns, a pair 1 V M 1C Men’s Finest Scotch Wool Golf Stock- liO» ings, in Green, Gray, Brown and Heather, either plain or fancy turnover tops, with or without feet (with instep strap), O CA a pair OA Women's FiuestScotchWool Stockings, in White, White with colored clocks, Oxford, Green, UeatherandWhiteribbed O AA Cotton with colored clocks, a pair u*vv Complete line Golf, Tennis and Sport eqnipmenU Mail()rders given prompt attention. Sent / > prepaid, insured anywhere in U. S. A«^ Stewart Sporting Sales Co. I 42S FIFTH AVE.,(at 38th St.,) N.Y. I vO ,tVAERM AN'S CALENDAR Contains FISHING SIGNS FOR 1919. Shows graphically when fish should bite best, past ex- perience has proven it 809b correct Shows which weeks are best for fishermen’s vacations. Has an individual fishing record that proves invaluable for reference. Sale® last year in 46 states. The amateur will be helpe^. “Shure get ’em.” P. O. Box 185, San Francisco, Cal. FISH FOR STOCKING SMALL-MOUTH BLACK BASS, "WE HAVE the only establishment dealing in young small- mouth black bass commercially in the United States. Vigorous young bass in various sizes, ranging from advanced fry to 3 and 4 inch finger- lings for stocking purposes. Waramaug Small- Mouth Black Bass Hatchery. Correspondence in- vited. Send for circulars. Address Henry W. Beeman, New Preston, Conn. FISH FOR STOCKING — BROOK TROUT FOR stocking purposes. Eyed eggs in season. N. F. Hoxie, Plymouth, Mass. FLY TYING MATERIAL FLY TYING MATERIAL, EVERYTHING FOR Tying your own Flies, price list free. Mole Fly Company, Roosevelt. N. Y. FOR SALE A YELLOW MEAL WORM IS THE LARVA of a Beetle known scientifically as Tenebrio Molitor. It’s a substitute bait for an earthworm, and is clean to handle, too. 300, $1.00; 500, $1.50; express prepaid. C. B. Kern, 3 Main St., jlount Joy, Pa. K. & E. ARCHITECT'S LEVEL WITH trunnion attachment to use as transit; nractically new; cost before war, $85.00; price, $60. F. C. Pierce, Box 412, McGill, Nevada. GIGANTIC NEW GUINIEA BUTTER BEAN. This new edible vegetable grows 3 to 5 feet long. Weight 10 to 16 pounds. A gigantic climbing vine. Leaves a foot or more in diameter. Seed 50d a package. Muskeetopunk Co., Pekin, III. for sale or exchange WILL TRADE WALTHAM WATCH AND chain, cost $35, for revolvers; or will sell. B. C. Campbell, Box 703, Vancouver, Wash. GUNS AND AMMUNITION FOR EXCHANGE— HARRINGTON & RICH- ardson revolver, 22 calibre, 3 inch barrel, nickel plated, mandolin with canvas case, cost $15; both good as new. Want to exchange for Colt’s 22 Special Revolver or Colt’s 45 double action re- volver. Albert Schlichtig. Florence, Miss FOR SALE.— FINE 30 CALIBRE KRAG porting rifle, brand new, with silver pad, beauti- fully finished, $55. 143 Capital Ave., Hartford, Conn. FOR SALE ONLY— FINE ENGLISH HAM- merless ejector gun — made by T. Kilbv and in A 1 condition. With case. $175. W. E. Haller, 1634 Farnam St., Davenport, Iowa. LIVE STOCK FOR BREEDING DECOY CALLERS, PURE BRED, NO LIMIT, Wild Mallards $3.50 a pair; eggs, $2.50-12; $20,- 100: English Callers $7 a pair; eggs, $5-12; $40-100; (pairs only,) extra drakes. Mail draft. E. Breman Co., Danville, 111. FANCY POULTRY FOR SALE; 30 VARI- eties: catalogue free. Herman Elumer, Ber- ger, Mo. FOR SALE.— MAMMOTH RED BELGIAN Hares and New Zealand Red Rabbits, Red Suc- cess strain; all pedigreed stock. Howard Bab- bitry, Pulaski, N. Y., R. D. 1. FOR SALE.— RABBITS, RATS, CAVIES, Canaries, Parrots, Pigeons, etc. Pets and animals bought, sold and exchanged; write me; inclose stamp. H. Edward Powers, Walton, Ky. HARES, RABBITS, RUFUS RED AND GREY Belgians, Flemish and checkered Giants, New Zea- lands, breeding Dutch, Belgian Yards. Kinder- hook, N. Y. RAISE BELGIAN HARES FOR ME. I furnish magnificent, young thoroughbred Rufus Red stock at $2 each, and buy all you raise at 30 to 60 cents per pound, live weight; send ten cents for complete Breeder’s Instruction Booklet. Frank E. Cross, 6433 Ridge. St. Louis, Mo. MISCELLANEOUS EARN $25 WEEKLY, SPARE TIME, WRIT- ing for newspapers, magazines. Exp. unnec.; de- tails Free. Press S3mdicate, 529, St. Louis, Mo. EARTH WORMS, APPLE STUMP GRUBS, etc., wanted. Good prices paid. Write for par- ticulars. J. Hammond, 619 N. 10th St., Phila- delphia, Pa. FUR TANNING AND TAXIDERMY— QUAL- ity and prompt service. The J. C. Mirguet Co., Inc., 12 Ely St., Rochester, N. Y. MAIL US 15c. WI-TH ANY SIZE FILM FOR development and 6 velvet prints; or send 6 nega- tives any size and 15^ for 6 prints; 8x10 mounted enlargements, 35^; prompt, perfect service. Roa- noke Photo Finishing Co., 220 Bell .\ve., Roanoke, Va. MAKE DIE-CAS'nNGS, SKETCH, SAMPLE, Booklet and Proposition 12^. R. Byrd, Box 227, Erie, Pa. SHORT STORIES, POEMS, PLAYS, ETC., are wanted for publication. Literary Bureau, 149, Hannibal, Mo. USE THE NEW KEY CHAIN AND KEYS will always lay flat. Silver finished, 35 cents. G. W. Vreeland, 15a Ave., Bayonne, N. J. PA-TENTS INVENTIONS COMMERCIALIZED. CASH or royalty. Adam Fisher Mfg. Co., 195-\. St, Louis, Mo. PHOTO FINISHING TRIAL ROLL DEVELOPED AND SIX prints only 25c. silver. Reed Studio, Dept. E., Norton, Kansas POSITIONS WANTED GAME KEEPER AT LIBERTY: RELI-. able, wants position. Experience on game birds, gun dog, extermination of vermin. Milton, care- Forest and Stream. GAMEKEEPER DESIRES POSITION.- 20 years’ experience; excellent references from present and former employers. Ralph Lee, care Col. A. R. Kuser, Bernardsville. N. I. IF YOU WANT A THOROUGH MAN. READ this. A practical and reliable manager of Gen- tleman’s Shooting Preserve, handler and trainer- of high-class shooting dogs; breeding, rearing and developing puppies; widely experienced here and abroad: skilled shot; a capable man to show sport; expert trapper of vermin; a reliable and trust- worthy all around manager. Wise, 214 East 68th St., New York. WANTED TO PURCHASE THREE BLACK DUCKS OR SETTING OF eggs for Decoys. Taylor Bros., Oklahom- City, Okla. WANTED.— TAME SQUIRRELS, ALSO Au- tographic Kodak postcard size; advise conditions and kind. Walter D. Cook, Dawson, Fayette County, Pennsylvania. ACME OR EUREKA FOLDING BOAT; WILL pay fair price for either 12 ft. or over. Ed. Weymouth. 1409 Otter St., Franklin, Pa. 188 F O K i: S T AND S T REA M April, 1919 ■■101111111^ GUARANTELE 8 Guaranteed Not to Dack-Lash '^HE instant your bait hits the water the South Bend Anti-Back-Lash Reel stops running. It positively thumbs itself, no back-lashing, no snarls, or tangles. You simply start reel- ing in. THE SOUTH BEND ANTl-BACK-LASH REEL runs freely, making every cast perfect. Makes casting easy for the beginner and easier for the expert. Ideal for night casting. A written, unlimited time guarantee accom- panies every reel sold. Over 40,000 now in use. BASS-ORENO BAIT The favorite of game-fish lures. Proven to get fish where others faiL It darts quickly, dives and . wobbles most lattractively. Twelve dif- ferent colors. Ask your dealer to show you all of the twelve. 75c each every where in U. S. — with treble or single detachable snap-eye hooks. FREE THE DAYS OF REAL SPORT 5th EDITION Illustrated by Briggs, famous cartoonist. Alive entertaining fishing-tale. Also pract- ical hints on bait-casting and angling. Send for it today FREE. SOUTH BEND BAIT CO. 10283 COLFAX AVE., SOUTH BEND. IND. Send me copy of the Days of Real Sport Name __________ Address For Hunting, Fishing and Outdoor Sports in the ADIRONDACK MTS. One of the finest Trout fishing grounds in the country. Boats and guides for the asking; excel- lent board; rates $14.00 and up per week. BEEBE AND ASHTON ACCURATE • WORK SHOOTERS SUPPLIES T. T. Pierce Arms and Ammunition Expert 258 W. 34th St.. New York City. Raise Hares For Us Timnense profits easily and quickly made. We furnish stock and pay $2.00 each and expressase when three months old. Con- tracts. booklet, etc.. 10c. Nothlnu ftee. Thorson RabMt (’o.. Dept. 9. Aurora, Colorado. “Never-Leak” The Boot that Sportsmen Swear By "Finest thing ever for rough, outdoor wear,” says an Oregon sportsman — and you’ll echo his sentiments when you’ve Worn a pair of “Never Leaks.” Nothing like them for wet ground or dry — hunting, fishing, trapping or hiking. Easy on the feet, but outwear harder, stifter, boots .\S NF.AR WATERPROOF AS LEATHF.R BOOTS CAN BE MADE. Built the Russell Way — Quality Always Expert bootmakers make “Never Leak” boots by hand from black chrome cowhide, a wonderfully dexible leather, waterproofed in the tanning. Patented Never Rip Seams shed the water — there are no “open” stitches. Made to your measure in any height. Soles hobnailed or smooth. Ask your dealer to show you this ideal out- door boot — if he can’t, write for Catalog M. W. C. RUSSELL MOCCASIN CO. BERLIN, WIS. JOE WELSH • LE/kDERSa Cast Pfrccctly for CbSAucriAOiuFODni/i EXCLUSIVE ASEMT -uS'''>CArtADA~ This Man Knows A Good Thing! . . The last mail from A. C. Palmer, Stamford, Conn., brought a $2 1 .30 check for “Telarana Nova” Leaders. “There’s a Reason” “Oh Boy! Here It Is” Joe Welsh’s Blue Devil Darning Needle Transparent, Indestructible IT FLOATS Send 75c for a "Blue Devil” and a 3-ft Leader. Two Sizes. and clubs. niatlon and prices TERRELL, Naturalist Dept. H-42 Oshkosh, Wis. THOUSANDS OF "WILD DUCKS can be attracted to the lakes, rivers aJid ponds near you if you plant the foods they love --WILD celery; Wild Rice, ^ Duck Potato, etc. Wild Duck attractions my specialty.* Army Auction Bargains C. W. revolvers $2.65 up Army 7 shet carbine 2.95 up Army Haveracks .15 up Knapsacks .75 up Army Gun slings .30 up Colts Army Revolver cal. 45 at $8.45. 16 acres Army Goods. Large illustrated cyclo- pedia reference catalog— 428 pages— issue • lS17. mailed 50 cents. Now Circular 6 cenVs. FRANCIS BAkWEBMfll & SOUS Sill Broadway. New Yorlj. Tents $4.25 up leggings .18 up Saddles 4.65 up Uniforms 1.50 up Teamharness26.8S SALMON FISHING splendidly situated Camp and 3 VI miles best Sa'- mon and Sea Trout fishing in New Brunswick, to lease for season 1919 or periods thereof. Camp completely equipped with every camping comfort. Automobile from station to Camp in 30 minutes. Cood Cooks and Guides available. For particu- lars apply to JAS. B. H. STOKER, Bathurst, N. B., Canada. TROUT AND "WATER CONDITIONS (CONTINUED FROM PAGE 165) A TROUT can complacently fin him- self up and down the watery ave- nues of his domains and have plenty of time to scrutinize any strange thing that has drifted or fallen into said do- mains. So this is why you will often find a dallying trout in a deep, slow-running stream and it is why in a quick-running brook you will often encounter one that will make a lightning-quick strike as soon as your lure drops on the water. In shallow water too, trout are inclined to strike more quickly than in deep water. A reasonable explanation of this is that they have but little covering of water for hiding when they dart out from under a bank or a root and they make a hurried intake of their food. One of my favorite brooks has a stretch of very shallow water above a pool. At the sides of this stretch are a number of roots that run well under the banks, furnishing excellent hiding places for trout. Many a time I have pulled a trout from this shallow water the instant I threw in my lure. In the pool below, I have seldom had a quick strike. This has been one of the places where I have made repeated observations to substan- tiate what I first accepted as a a theory. In deep water fishing, trout will fre- quently be extremely exacting as to the position of a lure. Well I remember fish- ing in a pool about three feet in depth. Several moments after my lure had floated down into the pool, I felt a power- ful tugging at my line. I had previously caught a glimpse of the trout and I knew he was an old settler. In his first at- tempt at sampling my lure he stripped off nearly all the worms. Carefully I re- baited and threw in, but there was no further response to my efforts. Finally the lure circled around an old grape vine near the root of a big tree. Then fun began. Once I had Mr. Trout coming my way as fast as my reel could do its work, but when about three yards away he gracefully disconnected with the hook and dropped back into his pool of free- dom. It was some little time before he would again give the lure attention, yet when he did he was in the same spot as when he first “caught on.” Diligently I worked to bring him to creel, but with- out success. I tried various sizes of hooks, worm-baited, and I tried flies of various colors. He wouldn’t touch a fly, but worms he would gobble down like a bird. Yet he wouldn’t touch them unless the lure circled about that grape vine! Yes, he was exacting to the last letter, and there are more just like him in every good stream. So the angler xvho would be successful in catching brook trout should study well the water conditions of brooks, and fish accordingly. Of course, as in everj’ other phase of trout fishing, no hard and fast rules can be laid down and followed at all times, but in the main the conditions which I have explained will prevail wher- ever brook trout exist. No, you cannot compare brook trout fishing with sea and lake and river fishing. And I guess every enthusiastic trout angler is glad they cannot be compared. April, 1919 189 Forest and s t r e a MIGRATION SOUTH OF THE EQUATOR (CONTINUED FROM PAGE 170) land, there are a number of species of land birds which migrate northward dur- ing the cooler season of the year. Two cuckoos that breed in New Zealand may serve as examples. One of these, a species of Chrysococcyx, flies after its nesting season from New Zealand across Australia to winter quarters in New Guinea. The other, Eudynamis taitensis, is widely distributed during the southern winter among the Polynesian islands, but it returns southward to New Zealand to breed. Lieut. James Chapin, U. S. A., who spent six years in the Belgian Congo in the interests of the American Museum of Natural History, writes of certain African birds which migrate northward from temperate regions to the Sudan after their breeding sea- sons. One of these is the Pennant- winged Nightjar (Cosmetomis vexil- laris) . Lieutenant Chapin found that the nightjars cross the equatorial for- est belt each year in Febrnary and March, after which they become com- mon in the Savannah country to the northward. In July and August, how- ever, they take their departure again, without having laid eggs, and go south- ward to the region between Lake Tan- ganyika and the Transvaal, where they breed during September, October, and November. It is very interesting, considering the relative proportions of land and water in the two hemispheres, to And that cer- tain seabirds of the south make migra- tions as extensive as those of the great- est travelers among northern land birds or shorebirds. The northern Golden Plover flies from breeding grounds on Arctic tundras to the pampas of Pa- tagonia; Wilson’s Petrel, on the other hand, migrrates from nest burrows on the Antarctic Continent to the sub- arctic coast of Labrador, or beyond. An account of the extraordinary annual ex- cursion of this tiny water-bird will be found in the Natural History section of Forest and Stream for November, 1918. Many of the penguins of the Far South make extensive migrations at sea, and, moreover, they are so punctual regard- ing the date of their annual return to the breeding ground that, in several cases, this has been found not to vary so much as a single day from year to year. Turning again to the petrel-like seabirds, we And that there are in the neighborhood of twenty species breeding in the south which either reg- ularly or occasionally migrate across the equator into the northern hemisphere during our summer season. One Paciflc species, the Slender-billed Shearwater (Puffinus tenuirostris) , breeds in the subantarctic belt and yet migrates north- ward to the Arctic Ocean. On the other hand, there are related species, such as the Snow petrel (Pagodroma nivea), which migrates in a northerly direction, but never passes beyond the limit of pack ice in the circumpolar Southern Ocean. airdales “SPORTING AIRDALES”— always A TEW puppies from parents that combine the greatest winning blood-lines in Airedale history with real hunting ability. Our breeding stock has. an in- ternational reputation which is your protection against receiving inferior dogs. Males $25.00 up. Lionheart Kennels (Reg.), .Anaconda, Montana. (Formerly Washoe Kennels.) BEAGLES BEAGLES — PUPPIES BRED FROM BEST hunters, also Rabbit Hounds, Broken Trial Cav- ies and Rabbits. Good stock, stamp. M. \V. Baublitz, Seven Valleys. Pa. TRAINED ENGLISH BEAGLES FOR SALE. Male and female. George Rothley, Lowell, Ohio. COLLIES THE LARGEST AND BEST COLLIES IN this country for their age sent on approval. Book on the training and care of Collies, fifty cents. Dundee Collie Kennels, Dundee, Mich. WHITE COLLIES, BEAUTIFUL, INTELLI- gent, refined and useful; pairs not a kin for sale. The Shomont, Monticello, la. DOGS WANTED WANTED.— A CHESAPESAKE BAY RE- triever pup or dog not more than a year and a half old. Must be an exceptionally fine dog. Write particulars. Ray D. Wells, P. O. Box 354, Falmouth, Mass. GUN DOGS LLEWELLIN, ENGLISH, IRISH SETTER pups and trained dcKgs, also Irish Water Spaniels, Chesapeake Bay Retriever, Pointers both in pups and trained dogs. Inclose stamps for price lists. Thoroughbred Kennels, .-Atlantic, Iowa. “Fairy Fly” Rod 7^2 ft. — 2^ oz. ! Think of itl 7H ft. of 6-strip Bam- boo skillfully proportioned so it weighs only ounces. Not a "show rod," but a wonderfully lively strong and grace- ful rod for one who loves the sport. You'd be proud of your tackle if you owned this or any other "Divine" Rod. Better rods can’t be made. For each "Divine" rod the wood is carefully selected and seasoned for two years. Then a master, proud of his art, sees that every one is high grade, individual, light, graceful, beautiful, strong and durable. There’s a "Divine" Rod for every kind of fishing; a rod that will satisfy and serve the most exacting. Rods Made to O'der. Occasionally an- glers prefer a rod of their own design, one to meet their own ideas for a particular style of fishing. For such we have spe- cial facilities to meet any demand. ask your dealer to show you Divine** Rods or send for catalog. The FRED D. DIVINE CO. 520 Roberts Street Utica, N. Y. In transactions between strangers, the purchase price in the form of a draft, money order or certified check payable to the seller should be deposited with some disinterested third person or with this of- fice with the understanding that it is not to be transferred until the dog has been received and found to be satisfactory. HOUNDS FOR SALE— AT ALL TIMES. HOUNDS FOR any game. Trial allowed. Send stamp for list. Mt. Yonah Farm Kennels, Cleveland, Ga. FOR SALE— HIGH - CLASS WALKER FOX hounds. Broken right and can deliver the goods in any company. Price, reasonable. Stamp for reply. .Arthur Sampey, Springfield, Mo. HOUNDS ONE PAIR HIGH-CLASS COON, SKUNK, and Oppossum hounds 4 years old. Sent on trial, $100.00. S. .Adams, Ackerman, Miss. WESTMINSTER KENNELS, TOWER HILL, Illinois, offers Fox, Wolf, Coyotte, Coon, Skunk, Mink, Oppossum hounds on ten days trial. Crack- erjack rabbit hound at $15.00. Dogs just bev ginning to trail at $9; also pups. MISCELLANEOUS DACHSHUNDE KENNELS — WEIDMANNS heil. G. R. Rudolf, Cuba, Mo. FOR SALE— PUPS ; THREE SIX-MONTHS, crossed, hound and bulldog, female; Airdaje and hound, rhale; 25-20 Stevens rifle, reloading tools, stamp. Forest Craven, Moores, Hill, Ind. HOUNDS AND HUNTING — MONTHLY Magazine featuring the hound. Sample free. Address Desk F, Hounds and Hunting, Decatur, MANGE, ECZEMA, EAR CANKER GOITRE, sore eyes cured or no charge; write for particu- lars. Eczema Remedy Company, Dept. F., Hot Springs, .Ark. NORWEGIAN BEAR DOGS— IRISH WOLF Hounds, English Bloodhounds, Russian Wolf hounds, .Aimerican Fox Hounds, Lion Cat, Deer, Wolf, Coon and Varmint Dogs; fifty page highly illustrated catalogue, 5^ stamps. Rookwood Ken- nels. Lexington, Ky. TRAINED BEAGLES, RABBIT HOUNDS, fox-hounds, coon, opossum, skunk, dogs, setters, pointers, pet, farm dogs, ferrets, guinea pigs, fancy pigeons, rats, mice, list free. Violet Hill Kennels. Route 2, York, Pa WANTED— BIRD DOGS TO TRAIN. GAME plenty for .sale^ Bird dogs and rabbit hounds on trial. O. K. Kennels, Marydel, Md. GO CAMPING! You haven’t forgotten how. Prepare for recon- struction by reconstruct- ing yourself. But be sure of your equipment. We make tents, camp furni- ture and camp equipment that are right. Send for our catalog 619. It’s free. Gt0-B‘G«i!>Ei(rER &6o 430 N* Wells Street Chicago, 111. 190 FOREST AND STREAIM April, 1919 FOLDING PUNCTURE -PROOF CANVAS BOATS Light, easy to handle, no leaks or repairs; check as baggage, carry by hand; safe for family; all sizes; non-sinkable; stronger than wood; used by U. S. and Foreign Govern- ments. Awarded First Prize at Chicago and St. Louis World's Fairs. We fit our boats for Outboard Motors. Catalog. KING FOLDiNa CANVAS BOAT CO. 428 Harrison SI., Kalamazoo. Mich. Rifles o£ Today The B.S.A. rifle is play- ing as important a part in the enforcement of terms as it did in the winning of the great victory. Thousands of soldiers of the Allies are marching through Germany today armed with B.SJV.’s. MeritEstablished TheB.S.A. proved its merit in the War. As long as memory lasts the B. S.A. rifle must be associated with the stubborn defense against the pitiless aggres- sion of the enemy, and with the final triumph of Allied Arms. Future B.S. A. products must benefit from the re- markable war-time effort and experience of the KENNEBEC CANOES The Turuhle home" of the Kennebec makes thU canoe absolutely safe for man. woman and child. Our 1919 catalog sent free for asking — tells why. Kennebec Boat & Canoe Co. ^ 73 K. It. Square, ^ Watendlle. Maine. To complete FOREST AND STREAM file advertiser will pay $1.00 per copy for the following numbers: 3 April, 1915; 2 May, 1916; 3 July, 1915: 3 August, 1915; 2 December, 1915; 2 April, 1916; 2 May, 1916; 2 November, 1916. .hldress Librarian, FOREST AND STREAM 9 E. 40th St., N. Y. City ITHACA WINS This is Mayor Reed, of Manchester, N . H . , who won the championship of the six New England States with an Ithaca Gun he had never shot before. More p o s i t i ve proof that any man can break more targets with an Ithaca. Catalog free. Double hammerless guns, $32 .50 up TargeT Shooting At /lo The Cost You can actually make this great saying in target practice with yourfavorite big game rifle by using - .22, .25 or .32 pistol cartridgea in connection with ^ Marbles Auxiliary Cartridges instead of theregularrifieammunition ^ Each cartridge moretban paysforit* eeU by the saving on 100 rounds at target practice. Usedby National Guard andthousandsofsportS- men. For most allsporting rifles. Loaded in maga zine or breech. Bullet is set into rifling. Without harm the inr^VcTaUi'csTor iliary, exploding cartiidge.^w eporismen. Marble Arms & Mfg.Co. 526Pella Are., Gladstone, Mich. harm rifle flringpinnor lead the barrel —Price 75c. Ask Your Dealer. Write for complete catalog of Sixty Out- IT HOOKS ’EM EVERY TIME! The position of tlie HOOK is the reason. Hook re- when fish strikes and sudden stop when hook reaches end of slot sets the hook firmly into jaw. Darts and dives just like a real fish. Catches more than anv other spoon or wooden minnow. Great for all game fish such as Black Bass. Trout, Musky, Pike, Salmon, Cod. Tarpon, etc. Made in six sizes. Ask your dealer for Knowles Automatic Striker or we will send it postpaid. Fully guaranteed, ('atalog free. Finishes: SILVER — SILVER AND COP- PER-BRASS. Length 154" 2%" 2f4" Sl4" 6'/$" Price each 35c 35c 55c 75c 90c $1.25 S. E. KNOWLES 89 Sherwoeil Bld{., San Franciito, Oil. oNi^asc k Agent* Wanlnd piutYoUrOII^^I SAFETY HAIR CUTTER _ the hair any desired lensrth. ebort or long. 'Does the job as nicely ae any barber lo quarter ... s time, before your own mirror. Yon can cut the - children's hair at home in a jiffy. Can be used as an ordinary razor to shave the face or finish around tecaple or neck. Sharpened like any razor. ^ Lasts a lifetime. Saves Its co»t first time used. PRICE ONLY dS-c, postpaid. Extra Bladsa 5c aach* JOHNSON SMITH A CO.. O.pt. 722 , 3224 N.H.l.t.dSt-.ChlwB I. U M I NOUS PAI NT Make yoiy Watches. Clacks, etc., visible by nurbt. Emits _ rays af LIGHT in ds^. The darker the better. Easily ap- Anyone can do it. Three sfzes^26o. 60o and $1. pxMtpald. N80N 8HITH ft COw Dept. 700, 3224 N. Halsted St.. Chicsjo NEW BOOK ON ROPE SPLICING! lONNSON SMITH * CO.. 0«pL 722 22 '3/24' rsiim^NAIl sboul CRN 1%. pnwpsxi t SI., CHICAOe 1 UNIDENTIFIED FISH A. J. Sprague, fish culturist for the Alaska Fish and Game Club at Juneau, has discovered something different in the fish world. It was while Mr. Sprague, Charles Davidson, Charles D. Garfield and Frank Metcalf were planting 7,000 sockeye salmon fry in Turner Lake, about 25 miles from Juneau, that the at- tention of all these men were directed to this strange member of the finny tribe. The sexes are almost identical in appearance, except that the developed ova of the female fish gives her a more round, plump appearance. Those seen and secured were around six inches in length. The upper and lower jaw of this species of fish, also the head, is decidedly sharp, more so than in the salmon or cut-throat trout. This gives the fish the appearance of the king salmon. The caudal fin is deeply forked, base of caudal fin is very narrow, head small I and to a sharp point. Dorsal fin high and to center; very sharp pointed. The eye is rather large, greenish blue in ap- pearance. . The color of the fish is deep* indigo blue above lateral line and silvery be- low. It fades rapidly when taken from the water. There is an entire absence of spots, which would otherwise assist in classifying or identifying them with the trout or salmon markings in a fish of this size. DEATH OF A CANADIAN SPORTSMAN TO the many fishermen who visit Bathurst, N. B., every year to en- joy the good fishing to be had there, the recent death of Mr. Henry Bishop will come as a heavy loss. He was the one man at Bathhurst to whom fisher- men went to for advice and direction. Many prominent sportsmen have been entertained at his fishing preserves and it was largely because of his unbounded enthusiasm for the Nepisiguit as a fish- ing stream that it became so well known. Year after year anglers from all parts of the country came to Bathurst and were always sure of a cordial welcome from Mr. Bishop. He will be greatly missed by a host of friends. THE ANATOMY OF THE CANOE (CONTINUED FROM PAGE 159) This shell is covered with wide cotton duck, which should be specially woven. This covering is stretched tightly over the shell and is filled with a preparation that dries hard in from two to four weeks. Then the canoes are finished up with gunwales, seats, etc., and painted in whatever colors are desired. Canvas covered construction gives a very dur- able canoe. They are about the same weight as the average all-wood canoe but not lighter. They are tough and can stand the exposure to the weather with- out bad results and they can be easily repaired. {Illnstrations hy courtesy of Peterborough Cattoe Coiuf'r.ny.) APRIL, 1919 FOREST AND S T R E A AJ 191 HOW TO TIE IHE ARTIFICIAL FLY (continued from page 167) the extreme end where the tail is fast- eed, since this makes an uneven protu- berance, just where it is not wanted. All the above material should be included up to the point shown in No. 8. You can easily see this makes the lower part of the body even; the upper part after we attach the lower portion to the hook is easy to finish, by comparison. No. 9 shows the silk, tinsel and horsehair ap- plied in accordance with my statement. Tie the silk, the tinsel and horsehair to No. 8, as I have directed, and it will ap- pear exactly as No. 9, as all of them are included in the body. Take No. 9 be- tween the thumb and finger and wind each one evenly in this succession up to the point shown in No. 9; first, the silk, second, the tinsel; six or eight times of this is spirally wound over the silk, lastly the horsehair, which is applied to cover all the body. Each of these must be secured at every individual winding with two turns of tieing silk and half hitch, when properly constructed it will appear as No. 10. IN the progressive stage of making this fly, at this point it is necessary to ap- ply the wings. Select two small speck- eled mallard feathers, which have been dyed a light yellow; be sure they match each other; tear off the ragged ends; and as much of the other part of the feathers as will make them the size required; place them in opposition to each other; take a piece of tieing silk and bind the ends of the feathers, which have been al- lowed to remain, from a point just below the filments of the feathers, down the mid rib, for half an inch. All this is illustrated in Fig. 11. Now if you don’t do this these duck feathers will straddle all over the country and you can’t handle them when you turn the wing back, which is the last operation, with the exception of applying the tieing silk, which holds them in place and forms the head. Re- member you have a fly in your %ise in the condition represented in Fig. 5. Carry the thread of the same figure to the extreme end of the shank and half hitch it. Take Fig. No. 11 between the thumb and finger; place it on the upper side of the hook, allowing it to project the eighth of an inch beyond the shank, and bind it on neatly and securely about a half an inch down the shank, as shown in Fig. 12 ; cut off all the ends remaining at this point. Now this wing remains just where it is until the remainder of the fly is finished, and it is turned back. Take the constructed portion of the detached body. Fig. 10, and place it in the position shown in Fig. 13; bind it on securely and firmly with eight or ten turns of the tie- ing silk, exactly as indicated. You will -notice how this portion of the body is slanted upward; this assures that it will fee in its proper position. Wind tightly the ends of the gut which remain un- wound in Fig. 13. You then hav'e your detached body curving in a natural way. W’e will apply the hackle in a moment, when we have finished the upper part of the body, and it is very important, so I will direct yoq how to prepare it. The directions in this line usually | given are; apply the hackle, stroke | it back and tie it down. This is all | “poppy talk,” when this method is aired; the party responsible for it does not know how to dress a fly. Select a hackle of the desired size and color, strip it of the undesirable fibres; from the upper part of the mid-rib. Fig. 14, catch it in the right finger and thumb, draw it through the thumb and finger of the left hand until the fibres stand out hori- zontally or nearly so, Fig. 14. The easiest way for you to complete the remainder of this operation is as fol- lows: Take the hackle. Fig. 14, and se- cure it in your vise, at the left hand side of it at the point right side uppermost. Grasp in the thumb and finger of the left ! hand and put it upon the stretch; then run the nail of the forefinger of the right hand on each side of the mid- rib until the hackle is turned over, so to speak, and appears as Fig. 15, same plate. This hackle when fixed in this w'ay will go on beautifully without tangle or ruffle of a feather. At this stage you no doubt will be pretty well tired out, but we must finish the fly. You have at- tached the lower portion of your body. Fig. 13. Wind your tieing silk over the part of the gut exposed in Fig. 13, and it v/ill take care of itself. When you wind it will keep the body securely at- tached, Fig. 15. Take a piece of floss silkf also a strand of horsehair of suf- ficient length to form the upper part of the body on the shank; tie it as shown in the illustration. This body must be carried up to the point shown in Fig. 15. This will leave room to apply the hackle and form the head of your fly When you bend back the wings. The size and application of this body is shown in Fig. 16. Wind your floss silk carefully and make the body smooth and symmetrical; over it apply the horsehair. Secure both these operations with two turns of the tieing silk and half hitch. When you have finished this take the turned over hackle in, your left hand and attach it im- mediately above the body you have just completed. Tie it so that when secured the hackle will point to the left. Wind it evenly and closely until it reaches a point about the eighth of an inch from the extreme end of the shank; tie it se- curely and clip off any ends that remain. Then bend back the feather wing; bind them down securely and form if possible a neat head to fly; secure with two or three half hitches. This finishes the fly, with the exception of the application of a little white shellac varnish to the head. If you have had good luck your fly will be a counterpart of Fig. 16. Fig. 17 is a detached bodied May-fly, dressed with a transparent wing of my invention. This article deals with but the leading outlines of the art. It will be a pleasure for me to continue these articles on the artificial fly until we master the art of tieing the Salmon fly and the fish- scale gnatt. COMFORT CAMP PILLOWS aro SO cool and yielding that the most restful, beneficial sleep is assured. Tliese pillows have removable wash covers niul are SANITARY — VERMIN and WATERPROOF. Will last for years, and when deflated can be carried in your pocket. The only practical pillow for all uses. Three Sizes: 11 x 16— $2.25. 16 x 21— $2.75. 17 X 26 — $3.50. Postpaid anywhere in U. S. A. Satisfaction is guaranteed or money refunded. Catalog Free. “METROPOLITAN AIR GOODS” ESTABLISHED 1891 Made Only By Athol Manufacturing Co.. Athol, Mass. Why Not Get Ready Now for That Campin’ Trip? You have been planning it for a long time and the cost is so little. How About Your Outfit? We can help you with suggestions of things you will need for your comfort and convenience — a whole book full of 'em — just off the press — our new catalog No. 16. Write for it Today— It's FREE. Lowest Prices. Money-Back Guarantee. !l4. fA\RHY& NAVY EQUIPMENT CO 37 West 125th St., New York City WANTED twenty-five sportsmen to join me in an exclusive hunting: and fishing cluh. Property in Sullivan County, New York, adjoining the Hartwood Cluh, the Merriewold Club and the famous Chester W. Chapin game preserve. For par- ticulars, apply to J. S. Holden, Port Jervis, N. Y. REAL ESTATE FOR SPORTSMEN $5.00 DOWN. $5.00 MONTHLY: SEVEN acres fruit, poultry, fur farm; river front; Ozarks; $100; hunting, fishing, trapping. 1073 North Fifth, Kansas City, Kans. FOR SALE.— 4 ROOM FURNISHED COT- tage and 3 lots on the south shore of Com- merce Lake, Oakland County, Michigan. Fine bathing, fishing and hunting. The Huron River flows through the lake. Price J3,200, terms; also fine building lots $50 to $500, with $10 down and $5 per month. I. E. Terry, owner, Pontiac, Mich. FOR SALE.— BEST SPECKLED TROUT preserve in Ontario, exclusive streams, ponds, and lake, well stocked; every convenience, new club house, boats, barn, stables and garage. Ap- ply 701 Standard Bank Bldg., Toronto, Canada. MY SUMMER CAMP AT UPPER DAM, ME., on the edge of the most famous trout and sal- mon pool in America. Completely furnished and modern throughout. $500 for summer season. Address E. M. Nicholas, 20 E. Broad St., Colum- bus. Ohio. TO LET.— BUNGALOW AT LAKE COBBOS- see, 6 miles from Augusta. Me., by electric road. Furnished: sleeps six; bath and toilet; wood and ice; landlocked salmon, trout, bass, white perch, pickerel in lake. Two weeks, $75: four, $125; May and June, $225. William Welch, R. F. D. 8, Hallowell, Me. 192 F ORES T A X D S T K E A M April, 1919 SPRATT'S PATENT LIMITED, Newark, N. J. In asking you definitely to say “Spratt’s” when buying DOG, POULTRY, or CAGE BIRD FOODS, we are asking you to accept our guarantee of the de- pendability, purity and excel- lence of all our productions. Everything used in the composition of SPRATT’S FOODS is used for the definite purpose of promoting vigorous health. NO FANCY-NAMED FOOD is of our manu- facture unless coupled with our name and trade-mark “X.” DENT'S CONDITION PILLS If your dog is sick, ENGLISH SETTERS and POINTERS r I I all run-down, thin and unthrifty, if his coat is harsh and staring, his eyes mat- terated, bowels disturbed, urine high colored and frequently passed — if you feel badly every time you look at him —eating grass won’t help him. DENT’S CONDITION PILLS will. They are a time-tried formula, that will pretty nearly make a dead dog eat. As a tonic for dogs that are all out of sorts and those that are recovering from distemper or are affected with mange, eczema, or some debilitating disease, there is nothing to equal them. PRICE, PER BOX, 50 CENTS. If your dog is sick and you do not know how to treat him, write to us and you will be given an expert’s opinion without charge. Pedigree blanks are free for postage — 4 cents a dozen. Dent’s Doggy Hints, a 32- page booklet, will be mailed for a two- cent stamp. The Amateur Dog Book, a practical treatise on the treatment, care and training of dogs, 160 pages fully illustrated, will be mailed for 10 cents. THE DENT MEDICINE CO. NEWBURGH, N. Y.; TORONTO, CAN. WANTED — Pointers and setters to train; game plenty. For sale trained setters, also some good rabbit hounds. Dogs sent on trial. Dogs boarded. Stamp for reply. 0. K. Ken- nels, Marydel, Md. A nice lot of good strong, healthy, farm raised puppies of the best of breeding GEO. W. LOVELL Middleboro, Mass. Tel. 29-M I J. WESTERN WARNER’S j (DUDE RANCH) I summer resort is located on the Kootenai River in the Cabinet Range of the Rocky Mountains in Montana and affords some of the best fishing and hunting in the West. Good saddle horses and fine trails and roads, every mile a pleasure, private cabins and tents, board and saddle horse by day or month. Spring bear hunting a specialty, all other big game in season. Write to J. WESTERN WARNER, HUNTER and GUIDE LIBBY, MONT. THE GORDON SETTER This handsome breed of Setteis de- rive their name from the Dukes of Gordon, who owned a most impor- tant kennel of black-and-tan and black- white-and-tan Setters, at a period consid- erably in advance of Dog Shows. No claim is made that the Dukes of Gordon originated the breed, and it has also been conclusively proven that they were not responsible for the prejudice against white markings, which was developed at Bench Shows after classes were provided for them in 1861, which resulted in com- plete elimination of those specimens con- taining white in any form. The early history of the Gordon Setter is wrapped in much mystery, considering the fact that they are of comparatively recent origin. A great many writers have stated that in the early days of the breed, the Duke crossed one of his best dogs on a black-and-tan Collie named Maddy, which lived on the estate and was remarkably clever in finding grouse. It is said that she did not point them, her habit being to stop and watch the birds as soon as she had them located. It is conceded, even by those who deny the authenticity of this story, that occasion- ally one sees the tail of the Collie in strains that trace back to the Duke’s kennel, and it is also notable that many Gordon Setters display in working birds, a desire to go round their game just as a Collie goes round a flock of sheep. Another theory is that the breed is the result of crossing the ordinary Setter on the leggy, black Springing Spaniel. There is a similarity in the physiognomy of the Gordon Setter and the Field Spaniel and the latter in early days was a leggy dog of Setter-like type, so that this cross could have been made without affecting the working characteristics of the Setter., This is a plausible explana- tion of the dog’s origin. Still another theory pro\ddes that the black-and-tan Setter has been produced by a cross with the Irish Setter and the black Pointer, which latter is a Scotch product. This likewise is more feasible than the Collie story. All of the expla- nations are, however, mere conjecture, and there exists no definite or conclusive information on the subject. At the present time, the breed no lon- • ger exists in purity at the Gordon es- tates. The dogs there now are heavily crossed with the Laverack and other strains. The Gordon Setter is a much heavier dog than his English brother, being coarser in skull, thicker in shoulders and loaded dowm with much useless lumber. In consequence, they lack sufficient speed for present day Field Trials. They make, how'ever, steady, reliable shooting dogs as they have splendid noses and biddable dispositions. Their strikingly handsome coloring and intelligence com- mend them to many people. In selecting Gordon Setter puppies, the usual Setter points should be looked for, such as long head ; square muzzle ; well developed occipital bone; short body; deep chest; straight forelegs; short, straight tail, and the tjqjical black-and- tan markings, the tan of a rich, dark mahogany. f II AMERICA THE FIRST OUTDOOR JOURNAL PUBLISHED IN FOUNDERS OF THE AUDUBON SOCIETY , PUBLISHED CONTINUOUSLY SINCE 1873 Vol. LXXXIX CONTENTS FOR MAY, 1919 PAGE Angling for Speckled Trout.... 201 By David Harold Cotcord Sheep Hunting in Mexico 204 By E. -V. Requa The Gulf Rangers — Part Seven — “ Game Trails of Chevelier Bay” 206 By l\'. Livingston Lamed Independence in Trout Fishing. . 209 Dy Ernest ll'arrcn Brockway James Alexander Henshall — An Autobiography 210 Crow War Declared 212 By ir. R. Macllrath The Boy and the Trout 214 By J’irginius The Men of Temagami 215 By R. J. Fraser PAGE A Rejuvenation 216 By Leonard Hulit A Constructive Criticism 217 By R. L. M. Editorial Comment 218 The Colors of Fishes 220 By John T. Nichols Field Trials at Pinehurst 221 By Rodney Random Nessmuk’s Camp Fire 222 Letters, Questions and Answers 224 At Cranberry Lake 228 By C. P. Morris The Sportsman Buyer 230 By Edward Russell Wilbur Shot Gun Accuracy 232 By L. Mitchcll-Henry An Old Friend 244 By Henry Bannon The Swimming Hare 256 Entered as second-class matter, January 21, 191.1. at the pnst oifice at New York, N. Y., under the Act of March 3, 1879. GOVERNING BOARD C. E. AKELEY. Museum of Natural History, New York. N. Y. FRANK S. DAGGETT. Museum of Science. Los Angeles, Cal. EDMUND HELLER, Smithsonian Inst., Washington, U. C. C. HART MERRIAM, Biological Survey, Washington. D. C. WILFRED OSGOOD, Field Museum, Chicago, 111. JOHN M. PHILLIPS, Pittsburgh, Pai CHARLES SHELDON, Washington, D. C. GEORGE SHIRAS, III. Washington. D. C. GEORGE BIRD GRINNELL, New York. N. Y. The Forest and Stream Publishing Company Nine East Fortieth Street, New York City ! 'iil.'iishfil Moinhly. Stib-n-iptii ui l\;iic>: I'niR-iI .'^niu-s, S-'.oo a yc;ir: Canada. Su.oo a ye.ir; Fnrcign ('(■untrics. .S3.00 rt \ our. Single Conic', _’0 cents. F.nlercd in New Yi'ck I’nsi <) (lice as Seennd Class Mail Matter, 194 F () K E S T AND S T R E A :VI May, 1919 It Pays to Read Advertisements Advertisements are news. Good news— timely news— helpful news. News of the great world of business. Heralds of the world’s improvements — builders of fac- tories— makers of homes. News of the last word in sporting accessories. News of comforts unknown when father was a boy. News that is handy to your eye. News that you can’t afford to hurry by. News that will save you money. Don’t miss the advertisements. May, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 195 Make the Aerothrust Your Fishing Companion The Aerothrust is the best fishing pal you ever had. The Aerothrust will do all the rowing and let }'OU do all the fishing. Could anyfhing be fairer than that ? Attach an Aerothrust to your boat and take all the backache and hand-blisters out of that long pull against the wind or cur- rent to where “they are bitin’.” The Aerothrust is an improvement on every other type of detachable motor. Here’s why ; — First, the aeroplane propeller takes no punishment frc;m submerged rocks, logs or weeds. Second, you never have to worry about depth of water. If you scratch bottom your propeller is in the air out of harm's way. The Aerothrust will take you anywhere it’s damp! Third, you will get greater speed under all kinds of conditions than with the underwater propeller. Fourth, you are independent of piers and docks for landing — just run her nose right up on the beach. Fifth, wdien fishing you can navigate shallow streams without roiling up the water. Ask your dealer or -write for illustrated booklet. Canadian Boat & Engine Exchange, Ltd., Exclusive Canadian Jobbers, Wesley Bldg., Toronto, Can. AEROTHRUST ENGINE CO. 517 Washington Street LA PORTE, IND. A Practical Book on the Popular Fresh Water Game Fish, the Tackle Necessary and How to Use It By DIXIE CARROLL Editor of **The National Sportsman** and Fishino Editor of *'Tlie Chicago Herald,** President of **The American Anglers* League** Net $2.00, Postage Extra Detroit Free Press: **Mr. Carroll describes the habits and Tads' of our fresh water game fisk; tells about baits, lures, and tackle; adds facts that cover fishing conditions in different seasons, all in conversationally breezy and informing fashion/' A book of Fish and Fishing, written in a “pal" to “pal" style from actual Ashing experiences. The basses, muskellonge, pike, pickerel, wall-eyed pike and trout treated in a thorough manner as to habits and peculiarities. Baits and lures that attract game fish, and how to use them. Simple and expert methods of bait and fly casting. The reason for each piece of tackle and how to use it. The fighting actions of game fish from strike to landing net. Seasonable facts that affect the fishing conditions. Information that will be found invaluable to the beginner and the experienced angler. Send for your copy now or BETTER YET send $4.00 for a two years' subscription to Forest and Stream and weTl mail a copy of this book FREE FOREST & STREAM, (Book Dept.) 9 East 40th Street NEW YORK CITY Log Cabins and Cottages (Sixth Edition) How to Build and Furnish Them By WILLIAM S. WICKS The most popular book on the subject ever written. Full explanations how to build cabins of all sizes with directions and numerous illustrations. Everything from a shack to the most pretentious Adirondack structure, is included. Pictures and plans of fireplaces; how to build chim- neys; rustic stairways, etc. PRICE, $1.50 Forest and Stream Publishing Company 9 East 40th Street New York City I 196 FOREST AND STREAM May, 1919 Trout Fly-Fishing in America By CHARLES ZIBEON SOUTHARD Illustrations and Colored Plates by H. H. Leonard ANGLING SPORTSMEN WILL FIND IN THIS BOOK A Classification of all the species of Trout found in American waters, which is more complete and more serviceably arranged than any other in print. Superbly executed plates in colors illustrating the author’s descriptions of the more important variations in color and marking of trout. Reliable hints as to the best equipment, and the handling of the Rod, the Reel, the Line, the Leader, the Fly, based upon more than twenty- five years’ study of the habits of trout and the best way of catching them. A fair-minded discussion of the merits of the Wet-Fly and Dry-Fly methods of Fishing. Lists of flies best suited to certain waters, directions for making one’s own leaders, and a wealth of miscellaneous data simply invaluable to even the most experienced angler. A Book for Every Angler’s Library PRICE $8.00 Address — Book Department, Forest and Stream 9 East 40th St., New York City The Newton Arms Co., are moving their plant from Buffalo, to Brooklyn, N. Y., the name will be changed to the Newton \ Arms Corporation, with general sales office in the j Woolworth Building, New York City. THE NEWTON HIGH POWER RIFLES AND AMMUNITION WILL SOON BE READY FOR DISTRIBUTION FROM THE NEW PLANT Address all communications to NEWTON ARMS CORPORATION WOOLWORTH BUILDING, NEW YORK CITY j BOOK OF THE BLACK BASS By JAMES A. HENSHALL, M. D. This new edition is re- vised to date and largely re-written. Con- tains “Book of the Black Bass” and “More About the Black Bass.” Comprising its complete scientific and life history, together with a practical treatise on Angling and Fly-Fishing, with a full account of tools, imple- ments, and tackle. forest and Stream: Dr. Henshall has given the angler a book which, as the oystermen say, is “full measure and solid meat.” The angling portion of the book is, without doubt, the best thing ever written upon these fishes. It is clear, and covers the whole ground of the different modes of fish- ing, and is accompanied by cuts of the manner of hold- ing the rod, casting, and diagrams of the mode of throwing the fly so that it seems to us as if the merest tyro could soon become an expert by carefully reading this book and following its instructions. Not only is it a book for the beginner, but it is one that no angler can afford to do without. 140 Illustrations Net $2.00 The Forest &. Stream Book Department will supply the above book at $2.00 each, delivery charges pre- paid. ADDRESS 9 EAST 40th STREET, NEW YORK CITY May, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 197 Tf ■! HOTE^WEY crVASHINGTOK D.C. |N order to meet after-war conditions the DEWEY HOTEL, situated in that exclusive residential section, at Hth and L Streets (5 minutes’ walk from the White House), has opened its doors to transient guests. For many years the Dewey has been the official residence of Senators and those prominent in official life of the Capital. The accommodations are limited, and only those whose presence will be com- patible with its clientele will be accepted. It will be best to make reservations by letter. Room tariffs, illustrated brochure, restaurant charges and other information may be secured by writing. FRANK P. FENWICK Central Park. ^ — 74th and 75th Streets Overlooking Central Park’s most pictur- esque lake Especially attractive during the Fall and Winter months, .\ppeals to fathers, mothers and children. Rooms and bath — $2.50 upwards. Parlor, bedroom and bath — $4.00 per day and upwards. SPECIAL WEEKLY RATES. Please Write for Illustrated Booklet. Ownership Management — Edmund M. Brenmin. LIGHTING “Akron" 400-Candlepower Lantern makes and bums its own gas from common gasoline. Brighter than electricity. Carry it any- where. Wind-proof. De- pendable. cheap, safe, guaranteed. COOKING Handy Cook Stove. Vse it indoors or outside. Slz- zling hot in 2 minutes. Have a warm meal anywhere, any time, reliable, inexpensive, guarantee. Write for special prices and catalogue. ,^lt£on_Gas Lamp Co., 845 6as Bide.. Akron, O Forest and Stream Cover Pictures You can have a colored reproduction of the magnificent Driscole Trout Picture as shown on this cover, mounted on art hoard ready for framing, free, hy send- ing $2.00 for a year’s subscription to Forest and Stream. Address, 9 E. 40th St., New York, N. Y. Whether— A Fishing Trip A Camping Party An Auto Trekking Tour Or a Single Sport- ing Goods Need Put it up to The Greatest Sporting Goods Store in the World All Mail Inquires Promptly Answered Abercrombie & Fitch Co. Ezrah Fitch, President Madison Ave. and 45th St. NEW YORK Where the Blazed Trail Crosses the Boulevard 198 FOREST AND S T R E A May, 1919 Know Your Birds AMERICAN BIRD GUIDE NEARLY 300 BIRD PICTURES IN NATURAL COLORS Water Birds — Game Birds — Birds of Prey — In Colors By CHESTER A. REED Is a book written especially for sportsmen as a concise guide to the identification of water birds, game birds and birds of prey to be found in this country. About three hundred species of birds are faithfully depicted by the colored pictures, and the text gives considerable idea* of their habits and tells where found at different seasons of the year. These illustrations are reproduced from water-color paintings by the author, whose books on birds and flowers have had the largest .sale of any ever published in this country. They are made by the best known process by one of the very first engraving houses in the coun- try and the whole typography is such as is rarely seen in any book. The cover is a very attractive and unique one, a reproduction of leather with set-in pictures. PRICE $1.00 Delivered Anywhere in the United States, Canada or Mexico — $1.50 Elsewhere. NEEDED BY EVERY SPOR TSMAN they are to be SEND YOUR ORDER IN NOW FOREST AND STREAM BOOK DEPARTMENT 9 EAST 40th STREET NEW YORK CITY PRICE $^.00 I Money back I if supply is ■ exhausted. “Kinks” is full of good stuff — ideas furnished by true sportsmen. There are helpful hints for hunters, hikers, campers, fishermen and vacationists — new ways of saving time and money — simple stunts that every man ought to think out for himself — but doesn’t. It tells how to fix up emergency “rigs” when the “store stuff” fails or is left behind. And almost every “Kink” is illustrated so plainly that every picture makes your fingers fairly itch to try the stunt yourself. Send us $3.00 and secure a copy of “Kinks” together with a full year’s subscription to Forest & Stream. Price of “Kinks” alone, $1.50. FOREST & STREAM, 9 E. 40th St., New York City Here’s the Book You Want! This is the one book you need if you are going camping or like to read of camp life. Written by experts, “The Camper’s Own Book” treats the camping subject in a thorough and practical manner. NOTE THIS LIST OF CONTENTS: The Benefits of Recreation. The Camp-Fire. “Horse Sense” In The Woods, Comfort in Camp. Outfits (Suggestions for Hunting Outfits). Gruh-Lists. Canoes and Canoeing. Animal Packing. What to Do If Lost. The Black Bass and Its Ways. About Fly Fishing for Brook Trout. Pointers for Anglers. The Rifle in the Woods. PRICE DELIVERED cTII Forest & Stream, (E°ept.) 9 E. 40th St., New York City Are You A Duck Shooter Do you love to stand in the bow of your skiff as it is pushed through the wild rice ■and drop the ducks that get up within range; or, if you live by the big waters, do you enjoy sitting in the blind while cold winds blow and ice forms at the edge of the shore, watching the sky and waiting for something to come to your decoys? If you love these things, if you will bear work, exposure and hardship to get a shot, you need. American Duck Shooting By GEORGE BIRD GRINNELL It gives descriptions and portraits of all the ducks and geese known in North America; tells where they are found; the various methods practiced in shooting them; describes the guns, loads, clothing, boats and dogs employed in their pursuit, and generally is far and away the most com- plete, useful and entertaining volume on the subject that has ever been published. It covers the whole field of North American wild-fowl shooting. The book is profusely illustrated. Not only has it ornithologically exact portraits of 58 species of swans, geese and ducks, but it has eight half-tone reproductions of some of our best-known wild ducks from the paintings of the great naturalist, Audu- bon, a number of full-page sketches by Wilmot Townsend, whose drawings of wild- fowl are inimitable, many cuts of duck boats and batteries, and fifty vignettes in th" ;ext, which add to its beauty and its usefulness. It is a complete, illustrated manual of this fascinating sport. A new edition of this volume, containing added matter, was published July 1, 1918. The work is an essential part of every gun- ner’s library. Illustrated, buckram, 627 pp. Price, $3.50 net; postage, 25c. For Sale by Forest and Stream Pub. Go. 9 E. 40th Street NEW YORK A BOOK OF BOOKS BUNGALOWS, CAMPS AND MOUNTAIN HOUSES Containing a large variety of designs by many architects, many of which are suitable only for summer use while others are adapted for perma- nent residence. Camps, hunting lodges and log cabins are also presented, suggesting designs for vacation dwellings in woods and mountains. Compiled by WILLIAM PHILLIPS COMSTOCK With an article by C. E. SCHERMERHORN. A.A.I.A.. Architect Price, $2.00. FOREST & STREAM (BOOK DEPTl 9 East 40th Street. New York City 1 May, 1919 FOREST AND STREAIVI 199 BIGGEST BOOK BARGAIN EVER OFFERED TEN{ Smashing good outdoor books by that vigorous and fascinating writer, Stewart Edward White $5.00 These books handsomely bound in light green silk cloth with gold stamp- ing would be cheap at $20.00 per set. There are only five hundred sets avail- able for distribution, and these will not last long as without any question this offer is the biggest book bargain ever available. The ten volumes consist of 3734 pages: the set weighing twelve pounds — nothing better could be given for a holiday present than this splendid set of notable books. A SNAPSHOT OF EACH VOLUME “The Claim Jumpers” He had been pampered and petted since his birth. Sick at heart of the life he was leading, he went into the West, to manage a mining camp. One day he met her. She was the daughter of a low booztT and a woman of no account. TUit for her he forgot his work; for her he near- ly lost the mines to a gang of claim jumpers; for her he nearly dragged his manhood to depths of disgrace. “The Land of Footprints” Of all the books on Africa, this is the most delightful. It sweeps aside the staple African story which concerns itself only with rhinos, lions, and native guides, and ly by finding the real one. Home- life which one tioes not associate with Africa, is told of interestingly. “The Blazed Trail” With nothing to his name but the clothes he wore, three dollars in his pocket ami heart of oak. he plungeobby Orde was a vigorous football type of fellow who had made a sad failure of office routine. So he went into the California Si- erras with their great forests and wonderful natural resources, and there he found his niche in managing men. “The Riverman” This is a stirring and virile successor to “The Blazed-Trail.” Jack Orde was a river-boss and was making good. Life to him was a wonderful adventure. It was full of the big outdoors; of smashing timber; logs that boomed down the river; of sleeping and tramping in the cool, pine- scented air. “Blazed Trail Stories” Of the younger American writers, few de- serve so well the recognition extended to them as Stewart Edward White. There is a strong, clean virility about him that seems to go well with the atmosphere of his chosen scenes — the tonic breath of northern forests, the fragrance of balsam, the wide freedom of limitless avenues of trees, of unbroken expanses of snow. In some respects, Mr. White's short stories are more enjoyable than even his longer books. To be sure one gets in them ratherless of nature and woodcraft; but on the other hand, one gets a greater number of vivid, rapid portraits of the sort of men who live their lives close to nature. “The Westerners” As a baby she traveled across the prairies to the foothills of the Rockies, where under the care of Jim Buckley her parents made camp in the sacred groves of the Indians. Blood was flowing. Settlers everywhere were in danger. Custer was attacked and wiped out. One day there came among the Indians a half breed who had a debt to settle with Jim Buckley — a debt of spite. It was soon over. Her father and mother were killed, and she kidnapped and taken far to the south. Don’t fail to take advantage of this truly remarkable offer. The books will be supplied while they last at $5.00 per set. If the supply is exhausted when your order is received money will be returned, otherwise the books will be shipped to you express charges collect. FOREST & STREAM, Book Dept. No. 9 E. 40th St., New York City I I WOODCRAFT By NESSMUK No better book for the guidance of those who go into the wild for sport or recrea- tion was ever written. No one ever knew the woods better than “Nessmuk” or succeeded in put- ting so much val- uable information into the same compass. Camp equipment, camp making, the per- sonal kit, camp fires, shelters, bedding, fishing, cooking, and a thousand and one kindred topics are considered. Cloth, illus., 160 pages. Postpaid, $1.00. r« rfc r< with a years subscription h n r r forest & stream at the I IiIjIj regular yearly rate of $2.00 No Extra Charge for Canadian Orders For more than forty-five years, FOREST & STREAM has studiously cultivated and vigorously promoted a healthful interest in outdoor recreation and in the natural sciences. It founded the Audubon Society, and has been the people’s champion in many important activities looking to the development and preservation of our Na- tional Park System and to wild life in general. Throughout its long career of public usefulness, FOREST & STREAM has been and still is the recognized authority in its field. Price 20c a copy: Subscription price $2.00 a year. FOREST & STREAM PUB. CO. 9 EAST 40th STREET ■ - NEW YORK, N. Y . A GIFT Here’s the Book You Want! This is the one book you need it you af? going camping or like to read of camp life. Written by experts, “The Camper’s Own Book” treats the camping subject in a thorough and practical manner. NOTE THIS LIST OF CONTENTS: The Benefits of Recreation. The Camp-Fire. “Horse Sense’’ In The 'Woods. Comfort in Camp. Outfits (Suggestions for Hunting Outfits). Grub-Lists. Canoes and Canoe- ing. Animal Packing. What to Do If Lost. The Black Bass and Its Ways. About Fly Fishing for Brook Trout. I Pointers for Anglers. The Rifle in the Woods, PRICE DELIVERED PAPER COVER 50 CENTS ! CLOTH COVER $1.00 1 j FOREST and STREAM (Book Dept.) I 9 East 40th Street, New York City j Send your name and address for free copy, forty-eight page outdoor book catalogue. Forest & Stream Book Department, 9 East 40th Street, I Kew York, N. Y. 200 FOREST AND STREAM May. 1919 The “Tripart” Reel, for $5.50, War Tax Included, is the little brother of the famous “Takapart.” Reel for Fly Fishermen In Two j 1 War Tax Sizes j ,60 J Included SUPREME strength is combined with extreme lightness in this reel of special aluminum alloy. The Rainbow is not to be excelled in simplicity of operation, in design, construction of service, even by the high-priced imported kind. Note the illustrations. Presto! It’s Apart! In two seconds you can take any Rainbow Reel apart. Just press the “take-apart” slide and the trick’s done ! So compact that it fits the hand. Beautifully balanced. Handsomely finished — dull black or sand-blast. This fly reel should be in the outfit of every angler who wants all the joys of fishing to be his. No. 627— Only 2/3" in diameter and wide, $5.50 1 included No. 631 — Only 3^4" in diameter and i" wide, $6.60 ) Read This Booklet We have for you an interesting, illustrated booklet about reels, landing nets, fly and bait casting, etc. “Ike” Walton would have loved it. You’ll enjoy it. Write for it today. This swift and silent reel is the favorite of thousands of our expert anglers. More Field and Stream Contest Prizes have been won with Meisselbach Reels than any other make. “TAKAPART” Reel for Bait Casting $6.60, War Tax Included. Write for Our Booklet Handled by all Dealers A. F. MEISSELBACH MFC. CO. 26 Prospect Street NEWARK, N. J. Vol. LXXXIX IMAY, 1919 No. 5 ANGLING FOR SPECKLED TROUT THE WARM WIND OF SPRING. LADEN WITH INCENSE FROM THE FOREST, FLOATS UNBIDDEN THROUGH OUR WINDOWS AND CALLS US AWAY TO SEEK THE WARY TROUT By DAVID HAROLD COLCORD Catching a big, yellow and black bumble-bee, I carefully pinned it I close to a white chip about twice I the size of the bee, and burying a small j trout hook beneath this strange bark, I I let it float carelessly with the dark cur- ; rent toward the log. Here the Sinna- j mahoning Creek turned directly at right j angles and gurgled its way out of sight j under an embankment of logs, appear- f ing again in a still, deep pool several ! yards below the point of entrance. The ' size and habits of I a brook trout that [ had lived in per- I feet safety under I this log for several years had become ' legend; and I and j every follower of j the stream for I miles around had ) tempted him, time j without number, with every known I bait from angle- j worms to crickets, I but he scorned I them all. He was j never known to j bite, although we had seen his long i silvery form mov- j ing in the still wa- ' ter below the em- j bankment. The bumble-bee was well chosen, i and this time the big fellow was fooled, for the chip with its small cargo no sooner reached 1 the edge of the log than there was a j splash, and a thrilling glimpse of a long, , red-speckled side and white belly. Chip, ! bee, and all disappeared under the log i and my line snapped. I had reckoned without my host. That was in June of last year, and right now I am wonder- ing how much he will have grown by June, 1919, and whether he still has a fondness for bees, a la chip. IN just a few months, a warm wind of Spring, laden with the incense of the forest, will float unbidden through opened windows of thousands of stuffy offices in this half-civilized land of ours stirring memories of open skies, keen appetites, dips down for draughts of cold spring water, and the big fellow that we all lost last season. Are you going back to get him? Trout fishing is one of the good things of this world. Its disciples place it pretty well toward the top in the order of pleasures that make life worth living. The truth of this assertion came home to me through a bit in a published let- ter that I happened on the other day. Bobby had written to his Dad, who was serving in France, “The trout, Dad, are jumping over on Silver Creek,” and when I read that line a choking sensa- tion caught me around my Adam’s apple for it was an immediate revelation of so many things between Bobby and his Dad. The line was a great human heart-throb carried in that letter to an American somewhere, homesick in the rain and mud of Flanders. I prayed that a day would soon come when Bobby and his Dad could fish once more for speckled beauties on Silver Creek. Silver Creek! A wonderfully fresh picture to carry in one’s memory, dif- fusing a mental aroma into one’s feel- ings— flashlight light, if you will, by the splendor of its simplicity into the dark- est hours of win- ter, keeping us wholesome and sane. Pity the man or boy who has never spent a night at an old homestead, dead tired after a day’s fishing, to lie down to pleasant dreams in the depths of an old-fashioned feather bed. Don’t pity him, but inter- est him and teach him about the sci- ence and art of one of the great Amer- ican outdoor sports — angling for speckled trout. To enjoy fishing for brook trout, it is almost necessary that one’s interest in the sport be aroused early in life, but the art isn’t learned in a day. It is really a life’s study — interesting for its own sake — of the habits of the trout and the art and science of catching them. This doesn’t mean that only those who live near a good trout stream, or those who have enough means to allow them to afford an expensive trip, may avail themselves of the opportunity to do a little fishing every season. It is indeed fortunate to be able to spend one’s vaca- Opening day on a trout stream Contents Copyright, 1919, by Forest and Stream Publishing Co. i I 202 FOREST AND STREAM May, 1919 tion fishing where they are as plentiful as they are in the Rockies, the Adiron- dacks, or Canada, but here again the sport loses an added zest that is present where they are scarce. Every season I have gone after the speckled beauties and I am writing this in the hope that my study of the sport and my experience will benefit some fellow angler. P r e s u m - ing that you are already be- ginning to plan for the coming season, I offer these tips regarding proper cloth- ing, tackle, bait, and the habits of the trout that are necessary for you to know. IN speaking of the best clothing for the stream, I have evolved a combina- tion that seems to me to be the most comfortable. I like to wade and cast a fly ahead of me which means that I must either get wet or wear the usual hip-boots. I think boots are too heavy for a ten-mile tramp. They chafe one’s heels and tire one out with their weight. Then, if they are carried to and from the stream they are cumbersome and prove to be excess bag- gage. There is nothing like the smooth sole of a rubber boot upon a slippery rock in midstream to give one a hard fall. Then, if the stream bed is filled with sharp stones, the sole of a boot is too thin to protect your feet from bruises. I al- ways take a heavy, high-topped pair of leather shoes, about two sizes too large, and cut holes about one-half inch in width along the sides, allowing the wa- ter to run in and out again. I wear two pairs of heavy woolen socks to afford ray feet an easy cushion and keep them warm. A pair of grey overalls and a grey flannel shirt finishes the outfit. You must avoid any color that does not blend with the land-scape — trout have a million eyes! This whole outfit can be strapped into a small, compact bundle and carried to the stream. Here I find a secluded spot, change my clothes and hide my “good” ones under a log or a handy rock. In the evening, a change to dry cloth- ing is made before I leave the stream. The clothing problem is important. If you have to go around a pool to keep dry — the whole day is spoiled. As for bait, that is largely a matter of taste, both for the fisherman and the trout. Early in the season — in April and early May — earth worms, or “fish- ing worms” as they are commonly called, are perhaps the best bait that can be found. However, if there are large trout in the stream, such as Rainbows Nearing the end of a royal battle and Brown trout, live minnows or small mice are good — you will not catch many trout with these, but when you do get one, the sport of landing him is worth a basket full of little fellows. After the middle of May and from then on until the end of the season, I prefer to use artificial flies, the correct handling of which is an art with ramifications all of its own. The novice is likely to succeed best with worms, but there are worms and worms and devious ways of handling them. For all practical pur- poses they may be classified into four groups: white grubs found in rotton logs and stumps, white worms found in your garden, little red streaked worms that live in a manure pile, and “night crawlers.” Grubs are par excellent but hard to get. Second best is the solid, white, garden worm. I never caught a fish in my life on the little red ones, and the “night crawlers” are for special occasions. A night crawler or “night walker,” as they are sometimes called, seems to inhabit the bowels of the earth, for I never dug one to the surface dur- ing the day, although I have often found their holes. They travel at night, crawling a short distance from their holes where they lie flat on the ground. They are about as long as an ordinary lead pencil and very active. It’s a trick to grab one before he scoots into his hole — they move faster than one’s eye can travel. In a dry season they re- fuse to come up unless you coax them with the garden hose for about two Fly casting is fishing de luxe, because it requires more skill, it affords a greater variety of lures, one gets the thrills of the strike, even though the fish is lost, and the larger fish are more apt to take a fly than bait. Fur- thermore, one can whip a stream easier and cover all of the possible holes where a trout may lurk in less time. Then there is more action, more exercise, as the arm is kept in a constant swinging motion. There is something about fly fishing that has a fascination bait cast^ ing can never have. It has more of an element of chance as the catch depends on so many things — the weather, the time of day, the particular fly the trout are taking, and the season. A bright, clear day is never good, except for an hour at sunrise and just at dusk. A muggy, hot day when the air is sticky and thick enough to cut seems to stimu- late their appetites until they act raven- ous. Such a day as this is good far into the night. I have found it to be a general rule that more trout can be caught for a couple of hours after seven in the evening than during the entire day. Hatches of fresh flies come on the water every night and sometimes under hours. Then go carefully over the ground, using a flash light and they are yours. It’s worth your effort to take a few of these along for early morning or night fishing, to lure a fastidious big fellow that may scorn your other bait. I have landed some big trout on “night walkers” that refused every- thing else. It’s a knack to know how to handle a worm when you get it in the water. String it loosely on the hook, so that the tag ends are free to squirm. Re- place it often with fresh worms as a dead, water- soaked worm is useless. Use a long line and let the bait float far ahead of you — under a clump of submerged brush, or log, into anj’ hid- den recess. Keep it in mo- tion and free from snags with a short jerking movement. When a trout takes it, let him run a distance and then retrieve him with an easy jerk. One must keep the bait fresh, in mo- tion, and playing into hard-to-get-at holes. May, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 203 favorable atmospheric conditions during the day. When a hatch of flies come out and swarm over the surface of the water, the trout begin to feed. They take the kind of fly that is on the water and seldom strike at another. This means that it is always a good idea to catch one of the flies on the water and use it as a basis of selection when choos- ing the flies to string on the leader. Try to get the same one from the as- sortment in your fly book or one simi- lar. As a general rule, there are a few old stand-bys that seldom fail to catch some trout. They are the Black Gnat, the Queen, the Professor, the White Winged Coachman, and the Great Dunn. It is always safe to have one of these flies and sometimes two on the leader. Freak flies are more attractive in the store window than anywhere else, but once in a great while they will attract the trout when nothing else will. Let me tell you an instance that has some interest besides the question at hand. The reader will remember the Austin Flood, that swept the town of Austin, Pennsylvania, into Kingdom Come, a few years ago. Above the town was a pulp and paper mill, which had as a part of its equipment, a huge dam across the valley, backing up a volume of wa- ter for a mile or more. The stream be- fore it was dammed, used to hold a few trout, but after this great pond was foi-med they were forgotten. For years they must have grown here unmolested. I was fishing a year after the disas- ter, twenty miles below the dam on one of the small mountain streams that flows into the Sinnamahoning Creek. The water was low in the main stream, and probably accounted for the pres- ence of some of the largest brook trout I have ever seen in the smaller streams. In fact, they were so big that they could hardly get over the ripples in travelling from one pool to another. Every deep pool held four or five huge sil- very trout — the silver shade un- common to trout that were na- tives of this stream. They were beauties that had fat- tened in that big Austin dam and had been carried out into the river with the flood. Strange to say, I tried every known lure for a solid week trying to tempt those trout but with no avail. They simply would not eat. One night just about dusk, after I had been whip- ping the stream for an hour without even getting a rise, I selected, half in fun, from my fly book a freak fly. It was unusually large — large enough to scare most trout. It contained about every bright color in the rainbow and had a long bright green tail. The first time it struck the water a slippery big fellow churned up after it, and I had a pretty fight landing him. In about an hour I filled my basket with some of the finest speckled beauties I have ever caught. My freak fly was worn threadbare be- fore I stopped, as it was the only one they would strike. Since then, I have tried the same kind of fly a dozen times, but with no success. The incident goes to show how uncertain and, consequent- ly, how fascinating fly fishing is. The real fly fisherman has an as- sortment of a hundred different flies of all sizes and varieties and takes pride in their care and the judg- ment exercised in selecting the right one on a certain evening. When one real- izes that the hook attached to the fly is usually not much larger than one that could be made from the minute hand of your watch, some idea is gained of the skill required to hook a trout when he strikes. The method is to have a limber pole, correctly balanced so that when the fish hits the fly the spring of the pole automatically buries the barb of the hook, but does not tear it out again. I have seen hundreds of fly fish- ermen jerk when the trout sti'ikes and then wonder why they lost it. If the pole is a trifle too stiff, the spring of its middle joint will tear the hook out as effectively as a strong jerk. I have been ten years getting a pole built with the exact balance that reduces the spring to a fine art. Now, I seldom lose a trout. They hook themselves. Don’t spat the fly on the water, it frightens the fish. As your leader is about to light on the surface, draw it toward you slightly, so that it drops si- lently. Imitate the fly. As you draw the fly toward you across the pool, give the line a slight trembling motion. It will often coax out a fellow that has ignored the first cast. If you prick a trout and lose him, you might as well pass on to the next hole — he’ll not bother you again. Trout live in the clear, cold water of our mountain streams, preferring the quiet seclusion and protection of the forest. Occasionally there is a stretch of good fishing in an open field, but if you’ll recall, the field was usually sand- wiched in between two forests. Woods, because of fallen trees that lie across the course of the stream and the accu- mulations of brush that form swift deep pools, is their natural habitation. If you are a poor amateur at the sport, a good fisherman will often follow behind you and fill his basket, because he knows where the trout lie. You must know “the holes.” Furthermore, they will be in different parts of the pool at differ- ent times of the day. Early in the morn- ing the trout are at the head of the pool, hidden in the deep water, under a log, a brush pile or a rock. During the day, they are in the center of the pool and late at night are found feeling in the shallow, still water, just at the point the pool breaks into ripples. It is for this reason that bait is better in the morn- ing. It lends itself to being slipped quietly into difficult crunies, where it can sink near the bottom. Before fish- ing in a pool, stop and make a study of it from a safe distance, to find the best point of approach and figure out the place that the trout will most probably be. After a few studied approaches, the art becomes an instinct and you find yourself as sleuthy and cunning as the trout himself; in fact the whole proce- dure, if you are a true sportsman and not a so-called “fish-hog,” is a game be- tween you and the speckled beauty, to see which can outwit the other. Nine cases out of ten the trout wins. LET’S look at the sport from the trout’s point of view. With him, it’s a game of life and death. You’re not his only enemy. He is continually protecting him- self from a host of others, the water-snake, the weasel, the mink, the king- fisher and a number of other enemies make him their prey. Then he must prepare for a drought and move down stream into deeper water in dry season. Did you ever notice that a trout Knee-deep in the habitat of the trout 204 FOREST AND STREAM May, 1919 I caught from a shaded pool, or from under a log is almost black, and one taken from an open pool in the swift waters is silver in shade? Again, the shading may be streaked. This is the protective coloration that the Creator provides for all wild life. The various ways in which different game fish take the bait is interesting. A bass or pickerel lunges forward and strikes a fly or a moving minnow with a viciousness that often snaps the line. They strike from the side and strike to kill. It has always been a question in my mind as to whether a bass strikes an artificial minnow to procure it as food or thinks that it is an enemy. Sometimes I have known them to strike a surface bait and knock it several feet in the air. A bass swallows a minnow at once. I am positive that the brook trout jumps at a fly to get food. The movement is hardly vicious notwith- standing the fact that the fight that fol- lows, if the trout is hooked, is quite the contrary. They practice all the cunning that the most experienced fisherman is capable of combatting. A brook trout jumps from the rear of the bait and usually comes clear out and greets you with a slap of his tail. In fact, they slap onto the water. The Brown trout approaches from the side and slowly sticks his nose out and draws the fly under. Unless you see him, you are liable to mistake the strike of a big one for a little fellow or perhaps a snag. The Rainbow usually jumps clear out, but with little display or spirit. One curious feature of their habits is that they are feeding at almost any time of the day. The Brown trout does not care for the colder water of our moun- tain streams and if plentiful, they mi- grate to slower currents and warmer water. Let me tell you how I got the fever. for such is the irresistible desire that comes over one with the coming of Spring, angle worms, and warm, quiet days. I think I was about ten years of age when my father sent me to spend the summer with my grandfather. Grandfather’s farm was a bit of culti- vated land, cut out of one of the wildest spots that is left here in Eastern United States. Why he had continued to live there on the threshold of civilization, as it were, was then beyond my sophistic- ated comprehension. Now I believe I know why; he loved the solitude of this quiet place. I can see him now on the porch rocking quietly in the dusk, listen- ing to the plaintive call of the whip- poor-will and gazing out over the Sinna- mahoning into the dark forest of heavy pine that bordered the house. ONE evening, as we sat there, I guess he realized that I was get- ting pretty homesick. “Boy,” he said, “looks a little like rain for tomor- row. I guess we’ll let the corn go, and go fishing.” In the morning the sky was lowering and the air was thick and heavy enough to cut. It was an ideal day. Grand- father scraped the chips from some dark, moist soil around the wood pile and dug some solid white angle worms. Then he got a couple of lines and some hooks from the woodshed and we set out across the “timber” back of the house. I re- member the infinite care he exercised in selecting two slender saplings for poles. Even today I never go through a patch of woods without estimating the possibilities for fishing poles of every young tree I see. He cut the poles, carefully wound the lines around their tips — starting two feet or more from the handle and winding to the top — in case the pole broke one would still have the line to fall back on and save the fish. After a mile’s walk, we came to Lush- baugh Run, a small mountain stream that had its source five miles up the val- ley. He baited my hook and his own and we started right in to fish. He always kept a little ahead of me, which I have noticed is one of the weaknesses of the seasoned nimrod. Well, I fished, and fished, and fished^ and only suc- ceeded in landing a small crab. I final- ly ran ahead and caught up with him. There was no fun here that I could see. He let me look in his basket which was half full of nice sized trout. Nothing there to appeal to me. It was beginning to sprinkle, and I wanted to go home. I was disgusted. Then the great hour of my life came. He dropped his pole and took me by the hand. We started away from the stream, making a cir- cle of about 200 feet. When we came within about ten yards of the stream again, we got down on our hands and knees and crawled through some rank ferns to a hidden pool. He cautioned me not to say a word, as the trout would hear us, which by the way, is a mis- taken idea. I peeked through the ferns at a still pool of dark water that lay below an old log. I looked more in- tently from my hiding place, and I saw, it seems now, a dozen big trout lying about two inches from the bottom, fan- ning themselves with their fins. My, but they did look wonderful. Then Grandfather carefully poked my pole over the trout and dropped a squirming angle worm into the pool. There was a splash and the next thing I knew we were grabbing at a big red and white fellow that was fiopping in the ferns. That was my first degree and although I have fished a great deal since that day long ago, I’ve never needed another lesson to show me the method or to con- vince me that there were thrills in catch- ing mountain trout. SHEEP HUNTING IN MEXICO A SHORT HUNT IN THE DESERT COUNTRY SOUTH OF THE ARIZONA BORDER RESULTED IN THE CAPTURE OF FOUR SPLENDID RAMS Having killed most all kinds of big game found in this country except- ing the Rocky Mountain sheep or “Big Horn,” the most sought after of all our big game, I decided to try Mexico. Securing the name of a guide, I was soon in touch with him and on December 26th, I started for a small station on the Southern Pacific, 50 miles East of Yuma, Arizona. On my arrival I was met by the guide with the outfit, excepting such portions as I had taken with me. I usually carry my own bedding, which consists of a light cotton mattress and three pair of woolen blankets and a pillow, all rolled in a tarpaulin made for the purpose. This tarp is made about 18 inches wider than my bed and about 14 feet long and is a heavy grade of canvas. I spread it out on the ground, make my bed on one half of it and pull the other half up over the bed; on By E. N. REQUA the sides I have rings and snaps to keep the wind from blowing it off. The heavy tarp on the lower side prevents damp- ness getting through and the tarp on top protects me from rain. On the road I fold the sides and roll it in a compact roll and tie it with a rope. My bed is always made. The guide’s bed consists of a few pairs of blankets. Our cooking outfit in- cluded a Dutch oven, frying pan, stew and bread pans, coffee pot, few tin plates, knives, forks, etc. Our stock of groce- ries consisted of a small sack of flour, one-half slab of bacon, coffee, sugar, salt, pepper, baking powder, lard, prunes, strained honey, condensed milk, canned peas, com and tomatoes. The rest of our outfit consisted of a small dun pony, and a Spanish mule hitched to a light spring wagon. Not a very elaborate outfit, I grant you, and it did not compare very favorably with the outfits usually fur- nished by the Northern and Northwest- ern guides, but it was all sufficient for the section of country in which I in- tended to hunt. It seldom rains in Southern Arizona and that portion of Mexico during the winter season and the thermometer rare- ly if ever reaches the freezing point. Besides it is necessary to go light, as one has to haul all feed and water for both man and beast, there being no vegetation and very little water in that locality. All day we travelled toward the Mexican border across a barren waste with nothing to see, except giant cactus and scattered greasewood. About eleven P. M. we arrived at a pot- hole in the rocks, where we camped. This watering place is known all over South- ern Arizona and Northern Mexico. Around this place were hundreds of May, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM •205 Four noble rams from Mexico graves merely marked by laying rocks on the ground in the form of a cross. My guide told me these people had per- ished for want of water; that in most part they were well-to-do immigrants travelling from Mexico to the States and that Mexican bandits, hearing of the trip, would make a short cut through the mountains to this place and either poison the water or dip it out of the hole. This is simply a large hole in a rock about 15 feet in diameter. The travelers finding no water, would perish while the bandits would return with their loot. The next morning we replenished our water supply and by noon we were camped in Mexico. As there were no large trees, it was necessary for us to camp in the open, with nothing above us but the canopy of heaven. As my guide had written me there would be no danger, although the Revolution in Mexico was going on, I was surprised to see him fill his belt with cartridges and tell me to do the same. I asked why we carried so much ammunition, and he informed me we were likely to encounter Mexican out- laws. If so, we would have to shoot our way out or be marched to the interior with a good chance of being stood up against an abode hut. We cooked our lunch, prepared our beds and lounged around camp until late in the evening, as the sheep do not come down to feed until towards dusk. I might add here that hunting the “Big Horn” in this part of Mexico is different from any place I have ever hunted them before. The mountains rise abruptly out of the desert and are of granite formation with absolutely no vegetation of any kind upon them. The sheep come down off the mountains in the evening and at night, to feed on the ironwood that grows along the ravines at the foot of the mountain. So instead of climbing to the highest point, which is usually necessary in the Rocky Moun- tains to get this game, it is only neces- sary to hunt on level ground near the foot of the mountains and catch the sheep before they return to cover, high up among the rocks. I don’t think I have ever hunted in a country so void of vege- tation as this part of Mexico and I have never hunted for sheep in any country where they were so easy to get as there. Late that afternoon we strolled forth in quest of game and discovered a couple of sheep high up on a ledge of rock. After watching them for some time through our glasses and seeing that neither had a good pair of horns we de- cided not to try for them. Nightfall found us in camp with no game. On ac- count of the danger from bandits we de- cided not to build a fire and for our sup- per we ate the scraps left from our noon- day lunch. As the weather was cool, we soon turned in for the night. The next morning we were out early; it was necessary to get to the feeding ground by daylight, as the sheep stopped feeding at that time and started back up among the rocks on the mountains, however, they often linger on the lower ledges until 8 or 9 o’clock in the morn- ing. We hunted this morning without success and after lunch we decided to move further into Mexico and went into camp a little after sundown. While my guide was getting supper, I went over to the foot of the mountains to see if any sheep had been feeding in the canyon near by. About sundown I discovered two, bounding from rock to rock. They looked almost black up among the gran- ite rocks and seemed larger than they really were. I was not long in getting busy. After missing several shots, I finally killed the smaller of the two, which had a fair head. I fired signal shots and my guide was soon at my side to help me dress the game and get it to camp. It was my first sheep and I was feeling fine. We ate supper and I was soon in dreamland. The next morning by daylight we were again working along the foot of the mountain and saw a few sheep, but were unable to get a shot, so decided again to move camp. This time we drove around the mountain to the opposite side. Remember these moun- tains rise abruptly out of the desert and a person can drive right up to the foot of them with a rig, there being no foot- hills like most mountains. It was late when we went into camp and we did hot go out that evening. By this time the fear of bandits had somewhat worn off, so we cooked a good supper and kept a small campfire until bed time. I listened while my guide told me many interest- ing stories of his various trips to this section of the country, of his successes with but few failures. The next morning we were after them again and it was not long before we saw a big ram low down on the mountain. As he was too far away to shoot and there was open ground between us, we sat on a rock and watched him through our glasses. We soon discovered another nearby. The rams soon lay down and we then advanced boldly across the open toward them. When within about 200 yards, they jumped up and ran. We both opened fire. The one I was shooting at went over a little saddle in the mountain, the other ran down the mountain. I knew my guide had hit his, because a mountain sheep when (CONTINUED ON PAGE 252) Traveling into the sheep country 206 FOREST AND STREAM May, 1919 There was less talking that night in the camp on the point, for something seemed to have whetted the suspicions of both Tipley and his henchman, Flynt. Perhaps it dated back to John’s frank questions regarding the flight of the egrets, in their twilight trail over the mangrove tops. In any event. Captain Flynt was cross and ill-humored to the point of aggressiveness. Coupled with this was his disappointment over bad luck with coon traps. Although he had set a number of them for a distance of half a mile along the game trail that skirted Fifth Lake, the results regis- tered zero. Tipley studiously avoided the company of his new friends. Soon after Hendry had spread an excellent venison meal, the owner of the Spoonbill lighted his pipe and disappeared. Hours By W. LIVINGSTON LARNED Harpooning Devil Fish off the Gulf Islands. Adventures on Chatham Bend River, en route to Alligator Bay. The Sport That Lurks in the Shadow of the Mangroves. John Has His First Introduction to “Holy Rollers.” Further Epi- sodes in the Strange Expedition that Sought to Discover the Fate of the Florida Egret. afterward, as Mr. King looked from his tent, before retiring, he saw Mark Tip- ley squatting on the point; a black sil- houette against the silvered surface of the lake. This Cypress Fringe expedition had been started under such auspicious cir- cumstances that its rude termination in comparative and impolite silence was disconcerting. Mr. King, however, as camp was broken at dawn on the 27th, paid no manner of attention to his pair of grouchy companions and cautioned John not to make remarks. The same difficulties were encoun- tered on the downward journey for Flynt, at the wheel of his unmanage- able power boat, managed to beach her at the sharp turns with alarming fre- quency. It seemed good to roll out into the Gulf waters once more, under skies that were matchless. Nothing had been touched aboard the Mae and the Spoonbill, rocking impa- tiently at her anchorage and wearing her coon-skin patchwork garb as a miser might wear his rags was as picturesque, in a mysterious way, as before. Mr. King could think of her only as a sort of piratical cruiser, cruising under light camouflage and with sealed lockers filled with slaughtered egrets. Here truly enough, was a dash of genuine romance : a snug boat, fitted out as a combined trapping headquar- ters and laboratory for the scientific gathering of Gulf specimens, yet whose hidden nooks and crannies hid unspeak- able crime! There must be one day of final, sure accounting. A few moments before Flynt was ready to put off in his power boat, at the parting of the ways, Tipley stood with Mr. King on the deck of the Mae. He had weakened to the extent of beg- ging a bag of tobacco. “Going to remain about here a while?” Tipley asked casually, as he lighted his pipe. “A little more surveying up Chevelier Bay,” was Mr. King’s quiet rejoinder. “Bad crowd up there,” continued Tip- ley. “We are on business,” said Mr. King, “we MUST go. It’s been MY observa- tion, that if you mind your own P’s and Q’s you can go ANYWHERE. And that’s our doctrine.” Tipley shrugged his shoulders. “It’s a mighty good one if you stick to it,” he went on laconically and not without a certain significant emphasis, “well, maybe we’ll see you later. The Captain figures that we are due for some more coons off the Key here.” He turned as if to climb down into the waiting boat but stopped suddenly to call back: — “Needn’t worry about mentioning our Thickehunahatchee trip. These beggers in this section are jealous of anybody who comes as far as from Key West. Much obliged for the tobacco.” With that he was gone, his bulky form settling upon the power boat seat and his pipe leaving a smoke trail that haloed his shaggy red head. May, 1919 FOREST AXD STREAINI 207 All that afternoon, while John Jr. fished for mullet, or had occa- sional tries at sharks, Mr. King and Hendry labored over the Mae’s leaky cylinder, for it was unthinkable I to struggle along under this handicap. I Some cement was resurrected from the I Hendry Curiosity bag and this was pre- 1 pared and set in place. It would be II necessary, however, to allow it to stay ij over night. I Much to their dismay, on starting the i| engine the next morning, the cement |i patch blew out! The wooden pegs, 'I therefore, remained their only altema- ji tive and Hendry was on this job up to :| noon. Mr. King and John, in the mean- i- while, ran the launch over to the Key Ij and secured another supply of fresh wa- I ter from the old well. It was on the II return trip that they had a run-in with ii their first Devil Fish. At a distance of some two hundred I yards from shore, John was quick to I spy this hideous, motionless form. It I was lying in about six feet of transpar- ! ent water, apparently oblivious to the I presence of a natural enemy. “What IS it?” the boy sputtered, his eyes widening. “Devil fish — and a very large one,” his father answered, “want to get him?” “Can’t go home without chalking down 1 at least ONE,” John exclaimed, “what do we use .... line and a big hook?” “Scarcely it will be the harpoon, and a swift, strong jab. Hendry had best attend to our sleepy neighbor; he has had dealings with them before.” And Hendry, streaming with perspira- tion from work on the engine, gave a whoop of delight when they ran in be- side the Mae and took him aboard. It was the guide’s special pleasure to in- troduce John to new and thrilling gulf experiences in the fish line. Very stealthily the small boat was guided to a position almost over the devil fish. Hendry, poised, harpoon in hand, in the bow, waited for an oppor- tune moment. Before the other occu- pants of the boat realized that this sec- ond had arrived, the guide’s great, bare arm and rugged body lunged forward, and the harpoon fairly whistled through the air, the rope sawing out a tune against the gunwales. For twenty feet, in an ever-widening circle, the waters were lashed into a fury of creamy spray and foam. Hen- dry braced his legs and his soft hat spun overboard. The battle was on. “Its towing us!” John cried, stooping in the boat, “hold on Hendry, hold on!” But this warning was unnecessary. Hendry was in his element. The fish grains held, and a great bulk of infu- riated devil fish made for deeper water v\ith incredible speed. The boat fol- lowed, Hendry looping the stout rope around a seat. And in this gay fashion they zig-zagged down the Key shore for a hundred feet until their catch dis- played signs of weakening. Slowly now and with experienced strength, Hendry pulled on the rope. Not a dozen feet from them, a dark, convulsing mass shadowed the gulf waters. “Machete!” the guide grunted, never removing his eyes from the quarry. Harpooning a Devil Fish in Gulf water. There is a breathless moment before the final strike. Our camera man is on the job Mr. King thrust it into his hands and Hendry slashed at the ugly head, until there was no longer movement of the winged monster. It was towed to a sandy beach and spread out for all to see .... a most unsightly, abnor- mal creature, with wings that measured six feet from tip to tip and a yawning cavity of a mouth. As John observed, “it was ALL mouth!” Photographic proof was quite suffi- cient and the carcas was left under the bending mangroves, as a thank-offering to the little scurrying animals that Cap- tain Flynt had so assiduously preyed upon. WHAT with one set-back and an- other there was no getting away in the asthmatic Mae until the following dawn. The cylinder, patched up again, was still leaky but they were off for Chokoloskee, Chevelier Bay and some of the large inland streams of which they had heard so much. It was in this district that The Spoonbill might have operated, for Captain Flynt, in sev- eral talks with Hendry, had intimated as much. It was slow going, with frequent stops, and they were compelled to lay off the inlet over night in a drizzling rain. The trip was resumed very early in the morning ... up a sizable river, where there were constant diversions of beautiful scenery and abundant game of all kinds. Despite Hendry’s care the Mae went aground at noon on a sizable oyster bar, and it was two P. M. before they could get off again. John fished incessantly and with splendid success but the others were too engrossed in navigation and cylinder leaks to think of baiting a hook. Only once did they see signs of habita- ... a little, shabby hut set deep in the cabbage palms and man- groves. They were to learn more of this place later on, as our story will tell. Who knows— perhaps it was from this very shack that the Law Of The Egret Rookeries had birth. There are those. in any event, who will say that the Watson boys were responsible for the cut trees on Alligator Bay inlet and who posted the sinister signs along a dark and dangerous route. It was turning grey on the river when they finally came out bravely into the Bay .... a very remarkable body of water and one that is little known to sportsmen. Mr. King had heard of this place be- fore leaving Miami, and some portion of its record was known to him. Hen- dry supplied additional facts from his vast store-house of guide interchange. “It looks BEAUTIFUL here!” John saluted, as he stood in the bow and looked around him in the gathering dusk, “I’m sure we can expect rich pick- ings with either gun or rod. Where are we to camp?” “On the Island,” his father answered, “Chockoloskee is a magic name in this territory. Every Indian knows it well. But you shall see. I want to again warn Another view of a Devil Fish 208 FOREST AND STREA.M May, 1919 you, however, to be careful . . . talk only when spoken to . . . and ask NO QUESTIONS.” “As bad as that, eh?” John demanded. “Yes. Chokoloskee is the place of forgotten memories and secret pasts. Many stories come out of Chevelier Bay — most of them are true. And they are not very pleasant stories either. We are now in the heart of the rookery country. Once upon a time, these quiet rivers and bays were white with egrets.” “The channel leading in is very nar- row,” observed John, “I wonder that a craft as large as the Mae can make it — must be deeper than it looks.” “The bay proper is shallow. But the river is navigable from end to end. In the fishing season they bring up boats that draw as much as five feet of water. Incidentally, some of the fishing that’s done hereabouts is against the law .... frankly, openly, brazenly so.” “But why should fishing be against the law?” John queried, somewhat per- plexed. “Because, here at Chokoloskee, they observe no rules. They fish in season and out — all the year ’round. Mullet is caught in large quantities here in the bay. Barrels upon barrels of them are salted and sent to various ports — Key West for instance.” AS the Mae forged ahead they made out the dim lines of an island. It was Chokoloskee, the lights were beginning to twinkle in Smallwoods trad- ing post. You sportsmen of far ways and enchanted streams — have you ever vis- ited Smallwood, on Chokoloskee? Have you sat on the crude steps of the little remote store and sorted your fishing tackle? Have you stopped, before land- ing, and stuffed every dollar of paper money in your sock, lest it be seen by too inquisitive eyes? Have you learned to pay in checks . . . every penny’s worth of what you buy, lest the rumor get about that you are “hipped with chink?” If none of these experiences are yours, then something truly romantic is still on the horizon of things sportsman-like. For of all the places that lie hidden behind the gulf mangroves, this quaint, mystic island in a fairy bay, is the most alluring, the most hazardous — the most productive of genuine thrills! The island is about one eighth of a mile wide and a quarter of a mile long and is rather densely wooded with man- groves skirting the edge and interior growth of oaks. There is majesty to the occasional groves of avacado and mango, for the latter, in many cases, were planted back in 1870 and reach the surprising height of sixty feet. Some of the trunks are twelve inches in diameter. Chokoloskee is virtually a shell mound — that is, where the settlement has its location. These giant mounds of oyster shell and conks struggle up to thirty five feet . . . solid masses of shiny, powdered, brittle shell, topped off by strange and luxuriant vegetation — that grows against every law of nature. Since 1838 the island has been known and used intermittently. It was a trad- ing post in the earlier days, during the grim Seminole war and its shell forti- fications served as forts. A few miles distant, up Turner River, one of the most bloody of all Seminole conflicts was fought. It is historic ground. Ameri- can troops, be it known, have battled up and down that twisting, serpentine stream. The Mae and her tender were safely drawn up at the rickety dock and left exactly as she was. There was expedi- ency in this. No one locks things up at Chokoloskee. It would be a visible af- front to every living mortal thereabouts. One thing struck the voyagers as peculiar . from every direction boats were coming abreast of the twi- light hush — fast little motor boats, row boats, dories and glade skiffs. ■ Like enormous water beetles they skimmed from nowhere in particular, freighted with taciturn, sullen men and gaily at- tired women, to finally touch some por- tion of the mangrove shore and stop, disembarking their strange occupants. “It must be a picnic or an election,” grinned John, “Gee! I never thought there were so many folks in this out-of- the-way hole. What’s the meaning of it, anyhow.” Just then a solemn bell tolled — a bell so resonant and insistent that its echoes went rolling back into the very heart of the surrounding swamps. Hendry shoved a brown finger to his lips as he pointed shoreward with the other hand. “Church,” was his low word, “better no make fun. Holy Roller. This Sab- bath night. We forget it Sunday.” And this was true. They HAD for- gotten. A short distance up the slope that was cut clear of mangroves, they saw the peak of a diminutive, ram- shackle meeting house. And further on still, near a shell mound, the trading post. John stooped and picked up some shells while ascending the rise. They were almost perfect conks, untouched (CONTINUED ON PAGE 248) Crawfish grow to prodigious size on the Gulf side and the demand for them is great. One enterprising fisherman goes for his haul in a diving apparatus May, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 209 INDEPENDENCE IN TROUT FISHING IT ISN’T ALWAYS WELL TO SKIP A BROOK BECAUSE OF ITS REPUTATION: IT MIGHT SURPRISE YOU AND CONTAIN SECRETS OTHERS HAVE OVERLOOKED By EARNEST WARREN BROCKWAY < t A IN’T he a whopper?” shouted little Timmy Green as he came running into Smith’s general store with a monstrous trout held out at arm’s length. Proprietor Smith was an old trout fisherman and he was the first among several other anglers to ex- claim : “By George, Timmy, he is a whopper! —hey, Tibbie and Billings, just look at him.” And they discharged a volley of ex- clamations while Proprietor Smith rushed the fish to the scales. “A two- pounder, boys! Where’d you catch the old chap, Timmy?” “Up’n Boggy Brook,” piped up little Timmy, “an’ I catched him soon’s I throwed in my hook under the old dam.” “Beats all,” drawled Proprietor Smith as he peered over the tops of his spectacles. “No one has fished that brook before for years to my knowl- edge.” And there you have it. No one had fished the brook for years for the very good reason that it had a wide-spread reputation of containing no trout. And what angler wants to waste time on a brook barren of trout? If a stream contains only a few, then one might. But Boggy Brook was reputed not to have one solitary trout in its waters. And little Timmy Green, just by luck caught a two-pounder at the first cast. Here is the secret of how Boggy Brook came to be inhabited. Several years before, unbeknown to any of the village anglers, Charley Brewster placed several hundred small trout in the stream. The following year he went west, married and settled there. The trout in Boggy Brook were forgotten by Charley when he wrote back home, and not another soul knew he had dumped them in the stream. So little Timmy Green while fishing for red- fins, caught a prize that made the whole trout fishing fraternity of the village gasp. Thereafter, Boggy Brook catches became famous for miles around. And little Timmy became renowned as a dis- coverer; he was but little lower than Christopher Columbus in the esteem of local anglers. NOW, every little while there bobs up a little Timmy or a big Timmy discoverer, who causes an old abandoned brook to become a center of angling activity. It may not have be- come populated by the same method as Boggy Brook became, but in some way trout came there. My discovery of such a brook several years ago has left me a memory which will never become dimmed. It was a little paradise for anglers; and the owner of the stream had told me it had never been known to contain a trout! .'.V Fishing a great picturesque brook The point, then, I w’ould make is that every trout fisherman, if he has the time, should be somewhat of an explorer and not stake all his faith on reputa- tions of brooks. Sometimes one of these surprise streams will be found in the very center of civilization for the very reason that every angler will think or remark, “Oh, there’s no trout there; never has been any.” And like the Levite of old he passes on. Oftentimes the reason for the deser- tion of a stream by trout cannot be solved. Only the fish know. And per- haps in a few years that same stream will become a center of immigration. Without doubt one of the chief reasons for the desertion of a stream is the inflowing of some foreign substance which means death to trout. Many fac- tories send out such substances. Saw- dust is an enemy of trout; seldom will they be found where this abounds. I know of sections in two streams which at one time were fllled with trout and which later became useless for fishing because of this reason. IN writing the foregoing I have had in mind medium and large sized streams, ones whose appearances were tempt- ing to anglers, but whose reputations kept them from visiting them. Now, I want to take up the little streams — in- significant ones, if you please — ones that would be passed by nine times out of ten as being too small to bother with. They are to be found almost everywhere in a district of brooks. Not a few of them are contiguous to big streams. These little streams are often surprises. True, no large trout, as a rule, live in them, but in these days of “fished-to- death” brooks in populous parts of the country, one must be contented with fair-sized fish. When a big fellow is landed, then one’s joy becomes almost excessive. In a small spring-fed brook, especial- ly, it is surprising how far up trout will go. And they don’t stop for shal- lowness of water, manytimes. I know of a half-pound trout being caught away back in a tiny brook among the hills where the water, except in a number of small pools, would not average more than two inches in depth. This particu- lar chap was caught in one of the pools about four inches deep. Now, not one angler among five would have deigned to “puggle” about in such an unpreten- tious place. It takes an angler with a sort of prophetic vision to seek out such places. Last season I was driving by a little trickling stream when I saw an angler fishing just the other side of the fence. I saluted him, but he didn’t re- turn the salutation just at that instant. But in a half-minute he did. “How’s that?” he called, as he flipped a nine- inch trout into the air. That fisherman was always trying little brooks and brooks that others didn’t fish. And he brings home the trout. WHEN one is fishing a great pic- turesque brook filled with long stretches of still-flowing water, with reaches of dashing rapids and with deep, silent pools all along the way, it takes a whole lot of gumption to desert it, even when flsh are not striking nor are likely to strike, and move on to some baby brook. From my own experiences I know that many a time I have clung tenaciously to a stream whose whole makeup was ideal for trout, yet in which there were none. I have been lured on and on under the bewitching influence of appearances. For a long time I was reluctant to leave a big stream for a little one, but when one day I mustered enough will-power to act, I was well repaid for the aesthetic sacrifice I made. I had fished a big stream for several hours with no suc- cess. I then went to a tiny stream which trickled down a steep hillside and this marked the finale and saving grace of my day’s fishing. Now, I can turn from a brook however alluring and success- looking and move on to the waters of a little neighbor brook with spirits high in the hope of success. Yes, it’s an excellent idea to have an independent spirit when one would go astream to take the trout. 210 F O R E S A X 1) S T R K A .M May, 1919 JAMES ALEXANDER HENSHALL THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF THE APOSTLE OF THE BLACK BASS, FATHER OF THE GREYLING AND DEAN OF AMERICAN ANGLERS IF there is any truth in the old adage that “the child is father to the man,” or in the more plausible one that “As the twig is bent the tree is inclined,” it would seem that the proper thing to do in writing one’s biography is to begin at the beginning. Therefore in conformity with these well-established proverbs it behooves me to commence by saying that I was born in Baltimore, Maryland, on February 29, 1836, under the zodiacal sign of Pisces, the Fishes, and thereby hangs a tale. On a front page of the almanac is to be seen the well-known Anatomical Tab- leau, on which is depicted the nude figure of a man who has evidently recently undergone an operation on abdominal surgery. He is surrounded by the twelve signs of the Zodiac, each one being ger- mane to some portion of his body, that of Pisces being assigned to the feet. These signs are popularly supposed by the credulous to exert some occult influ- ence, benign or otherwise, on that par- ticular part of the economy to which they are assigned, or to govern the future life of the person who happens to be born under the constellation concerned. On the celestial map the constellation Pisces is represented by two fishes, somewhat separated, but connected by a string, which fact might be so construed as to suggest some reference to fishing; but I can not delude myself with the no- tion that because the horoscope at my birth showed the moon in the constella- tion Pisces, that it had any bearing or in- fluence on my subsequent career as an- gler, fish culturist or ichthyologist, for the very good reason that anglers are not born, but made. Moreover, the “in- constant moon,” which had just left the domain of the constellation of Aquarius, the water bearer, a day or two before, was about to enter the province of the constellation Aries, the Ram. However, the “sign” Pisces being in the feet at the hour of my entranec to this mundane sphere was evidently much more to the purpose, for I began walking when eight months old. As I was destined to have a birthday but once in four years, it was perhaps just as well that I should have had an early start in the human race, in order to insure the probability of my ob- taining a show or place if not to win. My parents, Rev. James Gershom Henshall and Clarissa Holt Hen- shall, were born in England. Our family consisted of four girls and myself, and as I have no children it follows that I am the last of our branch of the family to bear the name. Some of my forebears and relatives in England were distin- guished artists and musicians, and others were eminent in the Church of England, one of whom. Rev. Samuel Henshall, was co-editor of one of the editions of the Domesday Book. In Edward Jesse’s edi- tion of Walton and Cotton’s Complete Dr. James Alexander Henshall Angler, 1870, there are several fine steel engravings by W. Henshall, and in the British section of the art exhibit at the Chicago World’s Fair were several very fine paintings by John Henshall. As both of my grandfathers, my father and an uncle or two were clergymen there is no knowing what my path in life might have been had I been bom under another constellation than Pisces. Having started to walk so early in life my memory seems to have kept pace with my legs, for I have a distinct recollection of certain things and events of my earliest childhood. I once accompanied my mother to a health resort in Pennsylvania, and I still have in my possession a letter written by her to my father during that visit, in which she re- lated some of the “smart” sayings and doings of “James.” As the date of the letter is September 28, 1838, I was then but two and a half years old, but I re- member as it were yesterday some of the incidents of the journey from Baltimore to the mountains. I recollect well the “chu-chu” cars, the rapid whirling by of trees and fences — there were no telegraph poles then. I re- member leaving the train, which had stopped in front of some white houses, and then getting into a carriage with two horses attached, one white, the other black. I also recall driving along a nar- row, shady lane where the bushes occa- sionally brushed the sides of the carriage, but I do not remember the arrival at our destination, as I was doubtless asleep by that time; but certain other subsequent events stand out in bold relief. I remember well getting my head fast in the rail fence of the orchard, being tempted by the smell and appearanec of the bright red apples. It seems that I forced my head between the rails side- wise, and then turning it, I became pil- loried until released by some one forcing them apart. Being so very young in- experienced and unsophisticated, perhaps I was not altogether to blame for the misadventure, for I may have inherited from grandmother Eve the susceptibil- ity to be tempted by a big red apple and fell at the first opportunity. My first experience in wading, one of the essential requisites 'of the angler, oc- curred during this visit. Eluding my nurse, I have been told, I wandered to the barnyard where some ducks were disport- ing themselves in a shallow pond. With the self-consciousness of extreme youth, innocence or ignorance, I suppose I at- tempted to reach them, but that part of the episode is not clear to me. I dis- tinctly remember, however, the chang- ing of the wet clothes for dry ones, and what is more to the point, the patterns of the two little dresses are firmly lodged in the registering ax’c of my brain. The wet dress bore a design of miniature pink suns on a white ground, while the dry one was decorated with minute sprays of light-blue leaves, also on a white ground. I have never forgotten them and strange- ly enough I have always associated them with the quacking of ducks. Water has always had a strange fas- cination for me from earliest childhood. I have ever loved the water from the babbling brook, or the unruffled surface of a moonlit lake to the wild, tempestu- ous seas of a Florida hurricane. I sup- pose that I came by this love honestly, for it will be remembered that a day or two before my birth the “wandering moon” left the watery wastes of Aquarius and entered the precinct of the constella- tion Pisces, which circumstance the as- trologer would say might account for my predilection for the watery element, but, as my nurse used to say, “I have my doubts.” Curiously enough, however, I have sailed over many rough waters, at home and abroad, encountered numerous severe gales, and wallowed in the trough of heavy ground-swells following tropi- cal storms without feeling the least ten- dency toward sea-sickness. IT is sometimes said that a bright child evolves usually into a dull growm-up; but, however that may be, I must state, if this is to be a truthful narrative, that I knew the alphabet when three years of age. I have a vi\id recollection of the illuminated poster of colored let- ters from which I learned my A, B, C’s. At the age of five years I was read- ing Peter Parley’s Natural History and May, 1919 FOREST AND S T R E A :\1 211 Bible Stories For The Y'oung. I must confess, however, that the former book was my favorite, though my heart went out to young David, the shepherd boy, guarding his flock from the ravages of the wolves and other wild beasts. I also admired Daniel in the lion’s den, which I associated somehow with the large col- ored posters of the menagerie. Samson carrying oflf the gates of Gaza I consid- ered a mediocre performance, judging from my knowledge of gates in general, but his riddle of the lion and bees ap- pealed to me very strongly. I I WAS conversing with an old gentle- man one day in reference to early rem- iniscences. He remarked that he re- membered quite well the “hard cider and log cabin” presidential campaign of 1836, when the Whig slogan was “Tippecanoe and Tyler too.” I remarked that I also remembered that campaign very well. “In what year were you born?” he asked. I answered, “In 1836.” He said he could not understand how I could remember anything that occurred in the year of my birth, but I explained that the campaign he mentioned did not not take place in 1836, but in 1840, when I was four years old. I remember some of the features of the presidential campaign of 1840 much bet- ter than those of any subsequent one. I think the first daylight political proces- sion was inagurated at that time. I was particaulrly impressed by the handsome silk baners borne by the various state organizations; the log cabin on wheels with coon-skins on the walls and a cider barrel on a bench at the door. I shall never forget an immense gayly-colored ball some twenty feet in diameter, with a wooden tire around the circumference on which it was propelled by a dozen or more men by means of a long shaft. It bore the legend “Keep the ball rolling for Tipe and Ty.” My First Experience in Angling A YEAR or two after the political campaign of 1840 our family re- moved to the suburbs of Baltimore on account of my mother’s health. The place was a very pretty one of about fifteen acres near Lanvale. A rocky stream ran along the road in front of the woodland pasture. Near the road gate was a stone bridge under which ran a small tributary brook. Below this bridge I did my first fly-fishing when about seven years old. Our hostler and gard- ener happened to be an old English game- keeper with whom I was soon on very friendly and confidential terms. Usually before bedtime I would sit at the feet of this Gamaliel for an hour, in the kit- chen, when he fired my youthful imag^ ination with stories of fishing, fox hunt- ing and shooting. I had already been worm fishing at the stone bridge with a boy neighbor, but “James” would have none of it. He taught me to tie an arti- ficial fly, and showed me how to cast it with a willow wand. About that time, in 1843 to be exact, a remarkably brilliant comet with an enor- mously long tail appeared in the north- ern heavens which we viewed nightly with wonder and awe, and eventually with admiration and pleasure. One of the flies tied by James he named the “comet” in honor of our celestial visitor. It had a fiery red hackle from my game rooster and a long yellow tail from the canary bird. He called it a salmon fly, but some small ones proved quite effective with the sunfish and chubs. We fished at the bridge every Saturday afternoon, when James had a half holiday, during the summer and autumn. There was a warm spell the next win ter in the latter part of February, and we repaired one day to the old bridge for our first spring fishing. It was on a holiday, I remember, Washington’s Birthday. During our fishing I re- marked : “James, I wish I had been born on the 22d of February instead of the 29th, for then I would have a birthday every year instead of every four years.” “Never mind lad,” he replied, “any one could be bom on the 22d, but not every one can be born on the 29th.” “Yes, James,” I assented, “but I would like to have been born on Washington’s birthday.” “Never mind, lad,” he said, “its well you were not.” “But, James,” I persisted, “he was such a good man; he never told a lie.” “Indeed ’e did, and ’undreds of ’em,” he said warmly. “Oh. James, how can you say, so,” I added, “he was the father of our coun- try.” “Nay, lad, he was honly a step-father; ’e was a grand rascal; ’e stole this coun- try from Hingland and if it ’adn’t been for ’im, this country would still belong to Hingland same as Canada.” I was dumbfounded; it took away my breath. If the old sycamore tree under which ■wjere were sitting had fallen on us I would not have been more surprised — such sacrilege! I looked at James aghast; I was horrified. I was disil- lusioned; I discovered that my idol had feet of clay. I did not fish with James much after that; only occasionally on Saturdays: I usually went alone or with my boy neighbor. However, we moved back to the city the next autumn, and James returned to old Hingland. IN connectioh with the long-tailed comet recently mentioned there hangs an- other tale. The followers of William Miller, called “Millerites” were looking for the end of the world in 1843. A bright star appeared at mid-day for a short period which I remember seeing. This in connection with the comet was accepted as an additional sign of the end of all things terrestrial. A Millerite family that lived on the same block with us disposed of all their belongings in preparation for the expected flight heavenward. The boy of the family, Johnnie, and I were partners in mar- bles and tops. He turned over all the assets in hand to me with the provisio that if the ascension did not take place we would continue as before, joint owners of the stock in trade. I remember well the night the family and a few others of like faith were to “go up.” They were assembled in the basement dining-room, seated around a table, in full view from the street, clothed in long white robes. I noticed that Johnnie’s robe was much too large for him and too long in the sleeves. He came to the door to bid his playmates “good-bye,” and explained that just be- fore the ascension the robes would be converted into white wings, and congrat- ulated himself that his would be as large as the rest owing to its generous size. I departed for home at the usual hour of nine o’clock, and left the expect- ant group singing and praying, with Johnnie’s shrill treble much in evidence. The next morning he was around, much earlier than usual, for his share of “chaneys” and white-alleys, and said that the celestian flight had been postponed or abandoned he did not know which, and did not care much, and blamed the whole thing on the comet. During the next month there oc- curred an incident that came near being a very serious affair, and one that might have terminated my earthly career at an age so young that my biog- raphy would have been a very brief one. It was the custom of Johnnie and myself to go on Saturdays to a swimming-hole two or three miles from town. It was a oool in an old abandoned stone quarry, about half an acre in extent, and was fed by small springs. On a very warm day during Indian Summer, in the early part of November, Johnnie and I went fishing in a creek not far from this pool. We had very good luck owing to the favorable weather, and our basket was pretty well filled with sunfish and chubs. I then proposed a plunge in the old swimming-hole, and laid^ a wager with Johnnie of six “commies”' to a white-alley, that I would be first in the water. Thereupon ensued a foot race of a quarter of a mile along the dusty turnpike to the old stone quarry, where we arrived very warm and perspiring freely. I was soon stripped and plunged headlong into the water. It was icy cold! It took away my breath! When I came to the surface I tried to tell Johnnie, not to “come in as the water was fine,” but to stay out; but I could not utter a word and breathed in a quantity of very cold water. My head felt full to bursting; my temples throbbed violently; and a great roaring was in my ears. I tried to swim but my limbs refused to obey, and I sank helplessly with my legs and arms flexed with terri- ble cramps. When I again rose to the surface I tried in vain to call to Johnnie for help, and breathed in more and more icy water. Then I sank helpless and hopeless in the welter of water, down, down, down, and as it seemed to me, through fathom- less depths, until I finally rested quietly and peacefully at the bottom, with no thought of bodily discomfort or mental distress. My last view of Johnnie re- vealed him stretching forth a pair of long white wings, and seemingly about to soar aloft. What followed was afterward re- lated to me by Johnnie and Jerry, my res- cuers. The pool was at the foot of a railroad embankment, on w'hich were the main (continued on page 250) 212 FOREST AND STREAM May, 1919 CROW WAR DECLARED HAVING EXHAUSTED ALL MEANS FOR AN HONORABLE PEACE THE HUNISH CROW HAS AT LAST BEEN DETERMINED AN OUTLAW By W. R. MAC ILRATH The Du Pont Company’s Na- t i 0 n a 1 Crow Shoot for 1919 (par- ticulars of which were given in a re- cent number) is a step in the right di- rection. But like most steps, in the right direction, it does not go far enough. What we need is a bounty law in each state on crow heads. Then, if at any time it should be found that further reduction in the crow population was inadvisable, all that would be necessary in order to restore the status quo ante would be to remove the bounty and the crows could be counted upon to do the rest. The crow is one bird that does not decrease in niambers as the country becomes pop- ulated. Any spasmodic efforts to reduce his numbers to the point where they ought to be, must, of necessity, be in- adequate. War should be waged on him all the year round in the same manner as the government wages war on coyotes and wolves in the stock-raising states. It would not be necessary to hire govern- ment hunters for the crow. Boys could be counted on to get busy with their 22s and carry the law into effect. Also plenty of men who like shotgun work, could be led to take an interest in it if they could be shown some way to pay for the shells. A nominal bounty law would do this, and interest in shooting crows would grow until the menace would be thoroughly under control. The crow has friends, the same as all miscreants, and these friends will contend that he destroys wire-worms, cutworms, white grubs, grasshoppers, etc., as well as mice and injurious rodents. This much he has on the credit side of the ledger; he does destroy some of these. Against this the debit is very heavy. First, he destroys other birds which al- so destroy these things. The young of birds of all kinds, and harmless snakes which are beneficial, he kills; and who will venture to say that if they were permitted to live they would not do the work of destroy- ing crop pests as thoroughly as the crow himself. The few mice and other large destructive rodents that the crow kills and eats can be safely ig- nored in any broad consideration of the subject — for they represent a minimum of his diet at best. On the contrary, hear what Edward A. Samuel in his book on the birds of New England and the adjacent states says: “I have watched crows with field glasses from my hilltop again and again, and I have never kept one in sight for two hours in breeding season that I did not see him take eggs or young from at least one nest.” He then goes on to tell of seeing one crow despoil the nests of two robins, two chipping sparrows, and one meadow lark, in the space of one hour. Truly, the bird world is full of tragedies in the pleasant days of spring. The crow is the particular enemy of the quail. Bob White’s nest is not usually sheltered by dense bush cover and lies open more than that of many birds to this rapacious murderer. The nests of wild ducks and song birds fare no better if the crows find them. If there are no eggs in the nest the black devils are not averse to tearing the young limb from limb and devouring them in the presence of thein screaming mother. For it seems to be necessary to the crow’s health that they have meat. It is a mat- ter of record that certain crows in cap- tivity were dying, and upon a meat ra- tion bping restored to them they soon got well. The crow is a natural scavenger and does not mind if his meat is a little “high.” In fact he seems to prefer it that way. Proof of this is found around the slaughter houses, around the carcasses of dead animals in the fields, and around the edges of drying- up ponds and lakes where dead fish lie. The existence of such conditions always act as a magnet to crows, and they gather from afar to the feast. Those who have caught crows when young and tamed them say that they have no natural affection for their mas- ters like that of a dog. Their whole in- terest centers on getting something to eat. They are natural thieves and mur- derers, the coyotes of the bird world, and there should be a bounty on them as there is on coyotes. While the destruc- tive hawks, like the goshawk. Cooper’s hawk, and the sharpshin hawk may mere properly be compared to the timber wolves of the air because of their bold- ness and audacity, and their taste for meat with warm blood in it; these are comparatively few in numbers (in which the comparison still holds) and for that reason are less destructive on the whole to the bird life than the crow horde. Then there is something magnificent that commands respect, even admiration, in the hawk character that is absent in the crow. The racy lines of his figure, his barred plumage, the expression of his countenance, the fire in his eye, his ringing scream from the sky, his bold audacity and meteoric flight with talons spread to kill — all make for respect while we deplore the destruction he works. There is something about it that thrills the soul. Once I saw a sharpshin in pur- suit of a covey of quail. The quail passed overhead from behind with a roar like a miniature train passing over- head on a trestle. Fifty yards behind the lone pursuer w’as burning up the air in silent flight, com- ing like the air ban- dit that he is; and two hundred yards beyond he struck the covey and exploded them like the cue- ball does the rack-up on the break. Once he struck and a quail fell like a plummet! Then the chase passed on out of sight, the hawk never faltering a second on ac- count of the quail he muffed. There is that quality in «. hawk that there K (Photograph copyrighted ipiu by A. K. Levciiiife.; Crows stealing hen’s eggs from a chicken run May, 1919 FOREST AND S T 11 E A :\I 213 in a lion, but a crow has the soul of a hyena. While the wariness of the crow is pro- verbial, he is not half so wary as the barred-plumaged destroyer, as any one can find out by trying to stalk both of them for a while. I have killed crows with a shotgun, sitting, by walking to- ward them at an angle as if to pass to one side, watching them all the while out of the tail of my eye, and then when within range suddenly stopping and kill- ing him before he can rise from his perch. But I never did that to a hawk but once, and then a very strong wind was blowing and it seemed he didn’t want to take the air. When stalking crows and hawks with a rifle, the hawk will take wing when you are still 100 or 150 yards away, while the crow will sit, as a rule, until you are just outside long shotgun range, about 75 yards away. It comes much more nearly being impossible to sneak up on a hawk unseen than on a crow. I have shot hawks that came flying into the trees over where I was standing still, but I never remember shooting one where I was doing the moving and the hawk having the advantage of being still, with- out the hawk seeing me. I actually be- lieve I have shot crows that were asleep. I remember shooting one when a boy that sat on a low branch over a spring at a range of about ten yards, and I had been walking toward him without seeing him, though he could have seen me. It was in hot weather, in August, and he was sitting with his mouth gap- ing open like a chicken will do in hot weather. He never saw me at all, be- fore or after, and died without knowing what killed him. I never walked up on a hawk that way. I have jumped hawks and killed them on the wing at short range, but the hawk always saw me and was doing his best to get away. On such occasions the hawk always saw me first. My conclusion is that a crow has a less intensely organized nervous system than a hawk. The chief characteristic of the crow is the mob spirit. He joins num- bers of his own kind, and depends principally upon sentries to give warn- ing of approaching danger, though feed- ing crows are in no wise blind, even when the sentry cannot see the intruder. The carnival and the nosy caw-cuss is the black fellow’s conception of the real joy of life; and if he can mob an owl or a hawk that is the red-letter event of the carnival. Most highly specialized forms of ani- mal life are practically immune from capture by man along the line of their particular specialty. But it also seems that practically every animal in nature is highly vulnerable if man can only dis- cover the point of that vulnerability. The pronghorn antelope, for instance, has such keen sight and lives out on such barren, open flats that it is very difficult to approach him unseen. His speed and endurance is so great that he cannot be run down by a single horseman. It would seem that the pronghorn was fitted by nature to be very seldom taken by man. But inside his pretty head an unfath- omable curiosity lies latent, and when he sees any strange object it starts ferment- ing right away. Result: He is decoyed in with a waving handkerchief and shot. The whitetail deer, gifted with a keen nose and sight, as well as speed, and the ability to sneak through cover, loses his life by sheer carelessness and dis- position to stick around and play hide and seek with the hunter. That is the point of his vulnerability. The lordly lion, dangerous beast that he is, inhabit- ing thorny scrub impenetrable to man, and a night ranger, falls victim to poison in numb^s. In this respect he is highly vulnerable. The bull elephant, impreg- nable in the center of a herd, is lost if he gets out alone. So it goes through a long list. It seems that every animal can be so easily taken that it is surpris- ing if man can only hit on the particular point of his vulnerability. The above mentioned mob spirit is the point of the crow’s vulnerability. He is a highly voluble bird and given to swear- ing and taunting. Also he yells when in distress. Experienced crow hunters have capitalized this disposition and turned it to his destruction. His extreme so- cial nature and clannishness, together wth his disposition to mob something is his fatal defect. Man has turned these facts against him in the invention and manipulation of the crow call. This con- stitutes, at once, the most popular and most effective method of combatting the black army. What can be done by a man who can properly manipulate a crow call is nothing less than a revelation to the uniniated. To the man who is accus- tomed to shooting them on accidental chance and to stalking them, the com- bination of call and shotgun is a jump upward in efficiency. If you do not know how to call, go out into the woods — especially in the spring in nesting season — and listen to the vari- ous calls. Study what each means. Then try to reproduce it on your call. Get a lusty young crow and hide. Then put your foot on him and squeeze him and he will yell in a way that will bring all the crows in the woods to his aid. If you will listen carefully to his voice and the response from the mob he will teach you much about crow language in a very short time. You will soon have a swarm of crows over you; flying in circles about two shotgun ranges up in the air (un- less you are well hidden) and lighting in the trees from 80 to 100 yards away. They are actually frantic, but unless you are hidden they play safe. I have seen them literally swarm like bees just out of shotgun range directly overhead. Any shotgun load will kill some, but the efficiency equipment is a duck gun and a duck load, as a good deal of the shooting will be at comparatively long range. There will be a good many more shots at 50 or 60 yards than at 30. The sportsman should carry a sharp hatchet or belt ax for quickly cutting green bushes and constructing hasty blinds. When one neighborhood has been thor- oughly “shot out” move on. It is pos- sible to kill practically as many crows as ducks in this way. But there is a rifle system that I have devised that is almost as effective. Any one who has observed crows has noticed that they have a pretty reg- ular route of passage morning and even- ing in going from roost to feeding grounds and vice versa. On these fly- ways there are certain trees, generally tall and with one or more dead limbs in the top, where crows light as regularly as passengers get off trains at certain stations. The sportsman simply builds a blind within 30 or 40 yards of such a- tree, and hides therein before the morning or evening flight starts. If he has a full line of equipment, he should have wood- en crow decoys, or a stuffed owl or hawk, a .22 rifle with telescope, Maxim silencer, and a crow call. He can do very well with a crow call, a flyway tree and any good .22 rifle with iron sights. When the evening flight comes along, we will say, he can start his call, and the crows will stop, alighting on the highest point to look around. That point is the dead top of the tall tree commanded by the sportsman’s .22. He has a dead rest and the range isn’t over 50 yards, so a kill is practically certain. With a silencer he may get more than one, if two or (CONTINUED ON PAGE 240) A good morning’s bag of crows with a hawk thrown in 214 F ORES T A X D S T R E A :\I May, 1919 THE BOY AND THE TROUT DISREGARDING THE ADVICE OF THOSE WHO WERE OLDER AND WISER HE BRINGS HOME A RECORD FISH By VIRGINIUS ON a certain cold, showery day with a gale of wind blowing from the east the Boy announced to a group of relatives who wei’e spending the day in front of the big open fire, that he thought he would “go fishin’.” “You poor kid! Y'ou can’t catch any- thing with an east wind blowing! What are you goin’ to catch. Trout?” A volley of remarks like the foregoing checked his declaration. The Boy haughtily grasped his plug casting rod and a Hildebrandt spinner with a big red and white fly attached and, stuffing his casting reel in his pocket, left the house wdthout a word. In his heart he knew he was foolish to expect to catch anything on such a day and he knew that the r-eception awaiting his re- tuiTi empty handed would be very little to his credit. However, he headed for a small pond half full of duck-weed in which he had caught many little pickerel, and resolved to die hard in the attempt to bring home a fish. Reaching the lower end of the pond he decided to try a few casts from a little water gate which stood at the outlet. The brush and trees which were soaking wet grew so thickly around the pond that the water gate looked like the one best bet. After setting up his rod he found that there was no room to make a cast of more than 15 or 20 feet but he started in and caught several bushels of weeds in the first few min- utes. Finally he became desperate, and removing his leader, tied a small stone within 4 inches of the end of his line and fas- tened his lure directly to the line. This enabled him to cast a few feet further into a little hole on his right. The first cast h 0 o k e d a small pickerel, and the Boy cheered up considerably. Casting right to the edge of a mass of floating weeds on his left his rod w’as almost yanked out of his hand by a strike. His line was simply torn off the reel as the fish started up the pond. The Boy’s heart was pounding like a trip hammer as he softly breathed : “G 0 s h , I’ve got a shark!” About 65 feet of line ran out before he could check the fish and before he realized it, the “shark” started toward him at a terri- fic pace. He managed to reel in his line fast enough on the quadruple mul- tiplier, and when his fish made a quick swirl about 8 feet out in front of him, he saw the red and white belly fins of a glorious brook trout. Then was the time that the fish should have made his supreme effort to shake loose the hook, for the Boy was paralyzed w’ith joy and excitement. A cold sweat broke out on his forehead as he realized it was the biggest trout he had ever seen. The fish was darting back and forth trying to get into the thick weeds at either side of the pond ; finally he started up the length of the pond again. The Boy began to calm down a little as he checked this dash, and he bethought him that his landing net was safe at home; also that a 5% foot plug casting rod is not the best rod on which to handle a big trout. Many other thoughts as to the situa- tion passed through his mind, and he began to repeat out loud “More big fish are lost by trying to land them too quick- ly than for any other reason.” The trout suddenly dashed toward him, and at .the last instant he managed to turn him aside; the battle would have ended there if he had not succeeded in doing this, as the fish would have gone through the little water gate and it would have been impossible to drag him back against the rush of water. The fish then chose the center of the pond for a base of operations, leaving this base for a quick dash toward the weeds first on the left and then on the right. The Boy’s wrist began to ache from the contsant strain of turning the trout just before the weeds were reached. As he gradually worked the fish toward him, he noticed a bad spot in the old silk cast- ing line. IS heart stood still for for a minute as the frayed piece of line slowly went down through the girdles and onto the reel. He had barely started to take a full breath of relief before the trout was tearing up the pond again, and when this dash was checked the weak spot was 12 to 15 feet from the tip of the rod. The Boy aged visibly during the next few min- utes while that terrifying few inches were coming back to the reel. By this time the fi.sh was tiring somewhat — so was the Boy, but the latter got the fish up close with about 5 feet of line out and then wondered what he was going to do next. He carefully lifted the tip of the rod to test the weight of the fish, and then carefully lowered it again. That rod would never lift that trout out of water! The only thing to do was to let the fish run around in circles until he died of old age. After some ten minutes of waiting for the trout’s spirit to pass over the great divide, the Boy pulled the tired fish within reach and leaned over in an attempt to get his fin- gers in the trout’s gills. The fish immediately de- cided that he was not really so very tired after (CONTINXIED ON PAGE 251) He surprised them with a trout that measured sixteen inches May, 1919 FOREST A N D STREAM 215 THEIMEN OF TEMAGAMI ONCE A MAN FALLS INTO THE LIFE OF THE NORTH HE HATES TO GO BACK WHERE RIVERS ARE SLOW AND BUSH ONLY GROWS IN PATCHES By R. J. FRASER IT was MajTime and the steady, muffled roar of the Lobstick Rap- ids, a half mile down the stream gave promise of a pleasing lullaby. Our little tent was pitched inside the treeline that fringed the Abittibi’s flow. Supper for two was bubbling in the pot. Seated on a pile of resinous spruce brush, my back against a tree, I watched “Tiny” Becker deftly turn the bannocks in the pan. The fire was burning bright and evenly and the self-sat- isfied set of the guide’s lean, tanned features, as he tested his work with a pointed twig, told me the baking was proving a success. “You’re some cook. Tiny,” I ven- tured to remark, as he sank back into a more comfortable position and settled his head on a softer spot on his duffle bag. “Oh, just fair ” he responded with a smile. “I’ve made a good many of these cakes in the last ten years and usually manage to turn out some- thing fit for more than canoe bal- last.” “Strange, though, ain’t it,” he added, after a pause, “Flipping ban- nocks for a living.” I agreed with “Tiny,” but after short consideration decided for my- self that, in spite of being strange it was by no means an unprofitable way of earning a livelihood. Becker, like the most of the guides from the Temagami Lake region, each fall made from four to eight dollars a day with the moose hunters, and in the summer months drew from the tourists — better known to the Temagami men as the “sports” — four and five dollars daily, for trips sometimes e.xtending over four w'eeks at a stretch. When he accompanied me down the Abittibi to James Bay, Tiny was paid three fifty wdth food and outfit found. “With the sports there are often good pickings, too,” he told me. “Lots of them never return , for a second cruise and leave their outfits with us — tents, clothes, some- times a new canoe. One summer a man engaged me a good while ahead and I waited a month for him to show up. When he came he paid me three-fifty a day for all the time I w’as wait- ing. In the long win- ters the guides keep the pot boil- ing with the pro- fits from their traplines, for the fur-bearing creatures of the ‘wilds’, but after a two days’ wet spell they crawl shivering out of their tent and its ‘Mister Guide, we w'ant to go back to the hotel.’ I’ve looked after a few who even wanted to make love but that kind are un- pleasant customers. We’ve got re- putations at stake, we guides have, and the fellow who takes liberties loses his license like a shot.” The Temagami guides are all licensed men and directly re- sponsible to the provincial for- est ranger, from whom they obtain their papers. To qualify for these they must show proficiency in woods- manship, cooking and the handling of canoes — the latter, of course, be- ing most important. A first hand knowledge of the country is also nec- essary. Slight indiscretions dis- courteous treatment of a patron — may result in the suspension of one’s license for a year or longer period. “Once,” said Tiny, as he related some of his experiences,” I guided three old maids and took them single handed through the lakes for over a three weeks’ jaunt. Say, but they wer6 gTGGn — didn’t know nn nxG from a paddle, a tent from a duffle pack. I had to wait on them same as they were children — made their blankets in camp and brought them hot water in the morning. Used to have to stand outside with a pailful till one of them sang out: ‘Already, Mister Becker. Then I closed my eyes and passed the pail in between the tent flaps. At night, after they had rolled up into the blankets, they made me come and close the front ^ of the tent for them. I did most everything for those three old girls except tuck them in their beds.” A refusal to go away with a party may cause a guide to forfeit his papers. As Tiny told me, they cannot always pick their charges. “I refused a party but one e,” he said. “They were a cou- ple of Englishmen and I had just come through a spell of work with one of their kind that took away all appetite for an- other. This fellow certainly asked too much. One day — and it was a long, hard one at that — I had portaged twice and paddled against headwinds. The bloke never touched a paddle himself and I was (CONTINUED ON PAGE 238) Tiny Becker on the trail woods still haunt the Temagami country and in numbers surprisingly great. American “sports” are always well liked. “We get lots of women, too,” said Becker. “Those with plenty of coin and a husband who’s afraid of the bush. There are all kinds of skirted sports — from the oldish ones who want to be a mother to you and wash your shirts and supply the missing buttons on your pants, to the novel-reading girls who see heroes in us all. After the first day in the canoes these want to live forever in the Temagami men waiting for something to turn up 216 FOREST AND STREAM May, 1919 A REJUVENATION TO GET THE MOST OUT OF FISHING ONE MUST APPROACH THE HUMBLE CATTIE IN THE SAME SPIRIT AS ONE DOES THE TROUT By LEONARD HULIT, Associate Editor of FOREST AND STREAM IT has been aptly said that it is not all of fishing to “catch fish” equally may it be said that it is not all of “ catching fish ” to catch the more im- p 0 r t a n t varieties. The writer would not for a moment decry the glory of capturing salmon or trout, nor the battle with the sturdy black bass when it is done with appli- ances which are the last word or thought of the tackle maker’s art. And who will ever aptly tell the su- preme satisfaction the angler feels when with deft hand the pliant split bamboo lays the delicate silk line and single gut leader with delusive fly, light as a this- tle’s down, at the exact spot on the dis- tant pool, to be snapped up by a glori- ous creature springing like a sunbeam from the depths, to be finally creeled — a victim of fine tackle and fine art? In- deed such “finesse” may be embodied that the wielder of the rod may have spent untold hours debating with an equally enthusiastic fisherman as to whether he should fish up or down stream, and' sustaining his argument as a zealot might in defense of his reli- gion. All this is very well and no criticism is intended but what of the man who “goes a fishin,” who knows nothing of technique and has but little wealth to bestow on equipment? If a trout takes his hook well and good ; it is uncere- moniously taken from the element of its life and strung on a willow sprout to be joined later by some humbler species, per- haps perch or the despised brook sucker. And who is there to say with em- phasis or conclu- sion there is no touch of technique here? Just one of the many troubles of life may have sent the man to the brookside. Ill health or business cares may be his lot and surcease of these his object. Crude may be his outfit but one may notice the bright- ening eye as he se- lects his pliant birch, or maple pole. Poise and bal- ance may not be as perfect as in the expensive article but here we are confronted by the mastering fact: the man by his look shows he is completely satisfied with his selection. How much more can one have than that? The man knows the spot he will try; down in the old meadow where the freshets of years have washed out a wide and deep pool at the foot of the old maple. It has been several years since he visited the place and his quick eye takes in the fact that some of the top branches of the old tree show signs of decay. He heaves a sigh of satisfaction at the thought that all nature travels in the same direction and that he is not an ex- ception. Experience in the past has taught him that he may, if his luck is with him, take any of several varieties of fish. Trout as well as pickerel have been taken there in the past by him but it is best to never count on such. Commoner fish are always more to be expected and with that too he is satisfied. Oh the satisfaction there is in being satisfied! As he pushes his way across the open meadow a bed of buttercups smile up at him and he pauses a moment to look at an industrious bee drinking among the petals of the flowers. He falls to wondering where the hive of the workers may be and who may enjoy the delicious sweetness the coming winter when the bee’S labor is done in wax. Would the gold in the buttercups be deeper or the bee more industrious if the man carried a $50 bamboo rod or was costumed in the latest type of wad- ers and other gar- ments? Would the summer breeze which floats in from the adjacent hills be more delectable to one than to another? A REDHEADED woodpecker is drumming monotonously on the tree as the man goes under it and he stops and is amused at the undulat- ing flight of the bird across a neigh- boring field. He falls to wondering why only birds of this family have that queer way with them in their flight. Nature is pulling at his heart strings and he doesn’t care whether his fishing pole costs $50 or not. As he sits down on the grass by the side of the pool he notices that, while the current causes dimples to come and go as in the days past on the surface, the stream does not seem so wide as when he was last there and he falls to wondering if the clearing up of the woodland above should have caused the change. He begins sorting out from a promis- cuous lot the hook which will best suit the work in hand. It is not even gut snelled, just a common hook with ring into which to tie the line, but it has given him good service in the past and fish have not changed their habits he mentally argues. Not even a painted top-float was in his kit — just a big bottle cork was all he brought and then he had not made a hole through it, but his way of earlier days was still with him. and sharpening a stick, he pushed it through the cork, first from one end and then from the other, until the spongy substance gave waj’ and at last an opening was made through which to pass his line. So absorbed was he with his work that he was fast forgetting why he was there. He was “just fishin’ ” and happy. The droning of the bees aloft Just fishin’ and happy May, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 217 through the tree was soothing to his tired nerves and the deep shade a comfort. Across to the west in a swamp a lot of crows set up a noisy cawing, swooping in and out and the man saw a hawk sit- ting in a tree and it called to his mind many such scenes he had witnessed when a boy. Such matters had almost escaped his memory. Then he began wondering why and when the enmity between the crow and hawk began and he almost forgot the cork float on the water. He looked in time to see it disappear and the old impulse to jerk quick and hard was with him but he thought better and tightened well on the line and found a fish was hooked. His pliant birch at last threw the victim out, which flopped on the grass just as it had done when the man was a boy. “Catfish,” he said aloud, “well; why not?” Gingerly he took up the fish, well remembering what that set of spine rays at the sides and at the dorsal fin could do to the hand if carelessly handled. It was not a large fish and not really small, just th^ average size and the man wondered how many like it he had taken from the same pool when as a boy he had fished there. ( ( EE, Mister are they bitin’?” V xsaid a voice and the man, half startled, looked up to see a boy very like himself when of the same age. One trouser leg was rolled up to the knee, the other was down to near the ankle; a much faded shirt and a straw hat which had evidently been in contact with a bumble-bee’s nest completed his makeup. There were freckles a pjenty on his nose and cheeks. He carried a tin can with worms in it in one hand and a maple pole in the other. The man greeted him pleasantly as he ap- proached. The boy turned the fish over carefully with his toe and said: “There’s plenty of ’em in here an’ they’ll bite better to’ards night,” then seated himself cross legged on the grass. The man and boy were friends from that mo- ment. Silently the boy impaled the worm to his liking and the man noticed how nicely he adjusted the cork on the line so that the baited hook would just clear the bottom. “No novice that,” said the man men- tally. He noticed too that the maple pole was carefully decorated by strip- ping the bark clean in sections of six inches, then leaving the bark on for two inches and so on to the end. “Seems tough we might have a shower,” re- marked the boy as he removed a pump- kin seed from his hook and looked around at the sky, “ ’twon’t hurt nothin’ can’t get much wet and the fish will bite better. This old maple is a heap of shelter when it rains.” The man saw the boy was inclined to be talkative and he encouraged him. “I lost an ol’ whop- per pike here last week,” he continued, “was tired catchin’ sunnies so I cut off the belly of one an’ left the fins on an’ went skitterin’ right there by the spat- ter dock, an’ smack he took it an’ most jerked me in. Gosh, I bet he would weigh most four pounds, mebbe five.” Then the man made a mental note that the belly of a sunny, with fins left on, was a good lure for pickerel. There was action almost all the afternoon for both boy and man. While no record fish were taken still it was “fishin’ ” as the boy put it, and the man was enraptured. The catch was mostly “catties,” as the boy called them, -with a sprinkling of sunnies and a few perch. Toward evening the man tried the sunfish lure, after the boy had (CONTINUED ON PAGE 254) A CONSTRUCTIVE CRITICISM THE IDEAL ROD MUST HAVE A POWERFUL BUTT. PLENTY OF CANE IN THE CENTRAL SECTION . AND A DELICATELY TAPERING TIP By R. L. M. IN the August, 1918, issue of Forest AND Stream “E. B. A.” has written a very courteous criticism of my advice about a rod for Dry Fly Fishing. The late Wm. Halford had used for years heavy rods but towards the end he be- gan to use lighter weapons. But even his last rod, the 1912 model, is I believe too heavy for use with really fine lead- ens. Mr. Halford never used anything but the “finest undrawn” points. At least that is the impression I gathered from conversations with his head keeper and some of his friends and acquaint- ances. Now the “finest undrawn” has a di- ameter of approximately .009 of an inch ; whereas “XXX drawn” and “XX drawn” have respective diameters of .007 and .0085 of an inch. I used the term “Scotch Taper” as that is, or used to be, a trade descrip- tion of a taper that becomes more pro- nounced towards the end. The rod that I use now is 9 ft. 6 in. long and has a total weight of 6 oz. The two top joints weigh together 2 oz. The diameter of the rod just back of the binding that holds the agate tip in place is 75/1000 of an inch. It is rather difficult to get the exact diameters of a hexagonal rod but in the accompanying illustration I have shown the approximate taper of this rod. The diameter at the lower end is 395/1000 of an inch and at the upper end is 75/1000 as already stated. I have drawn a straight line connect- ing these two diameters, and if the rod possessed an even taper from butt to tip it would coincide with this line. It will be noticed however, that the rod begins to taper at a steeper angle than that of the even taper line; it then fiat- tens out and tapers more gradually through the middle section; ending up with a sharper taper towards the tip. We have here practically the ideal conditions ; a powerful butt, plenty of cane in the central section but tapering to a delicate tip, as shown in the cut. The deviations between a true taper and the taper of this rod are magnified five times. I took measurements with a micrometer on an average every 6 in. of length. I use an I D I double tapered line the weight of which is 0 oz. 13 dms. Tapered lines of this particular brand viz., the “Corona Superba” (Hardy Bros.) come in four sizes, viz., (all 35 yds. long) : Extra fine I. E. I. 0 oz. 9 dms.; Fine I. D. I., 0 oz. 13 dms.; Medium I. C. I. 0 oz. 15 dms.; Heavy I. B. I., 1 oz. 3 dms. WHERE I fish a strong wind gen- erally begins to blow about 1 or 2 p. m. and I find that the I. D. I. line is rather light when the wind gets up. Consequently I am ordering a me- dium line for next season’s fishing. I generally use XXX points and J do not find that my rod is too powerful for them. I have only had the rod a (CONTINUED ON PAGE 246) 218 FOREST AND STREAM May, 1919 FOREST STREAM FORTY-EIGHTH YEAR FOUNDERS OF THE AUDUBON SOCIETY GOVERNING BOARD: OEOHGE BIRD GRINNELL, New York, N. Y. CARL E. AEELEY, American Museum of Natural History, New York FRANK S. DAGGETT, Museum of Science, Los Angeles, Cal. EDMITND HELLER, Smithsonian Institution, Washinrton, D, C. 0, HART MERRIAM, Biological Survey, Washington, D. C. WILFRED H. OSGOOD, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, 111. lOHN M. PHILLIPS, Pennsylvania Game Commission, Pittsburgh, Pa. CHARLES SHELDON, Washington. D. C. GEORGE SHIRAS, 3rd. Washington. D. C. WILLIAM BRUETTE, Editor JOHN P. HOLMAN, Associate Editor TOM WOOD, Manager Nine East Fortieth Street, New York City THE OBJECT OF THIS JOURNAL WILL BE TO atudiously promote a healthful interest in outdoor rec- reation, and a refined taste for natural objects. August 14, 1873. BROOKS AND PREPAREDNESS A FEW weeks before the opening of the trout fishing season nearly every enthusiastic angler begins to make preparations for the forthcoming days of sport. If he has not done so during the winter months, he gets out his tackle, carefully goes over it in the way of cleaning and making any neces- sary repairs, as well as adding any new articles by way of replacement or as a supplementary addition. He leaves nothing undone that he may be in readi- ness at his first opportunity to get out on the brooks. But there is another phase of preparedness about which very little is said. It is the selecting of brooks. There are many anglers whose business calls them to many towns in as many different states. At the present time much of this travel is done across coun- try by means of the automobile and en route many excellent brooks are frequently passed. The angler gazes at them admiringly but, as a rule, that is about all that he does. When the season opens he goes to his favorite brook, or a few favorite brooks, and gets all the pleasure possible. But if he has con- siderable time to devote to the sport his supply of brooks is pretty likely to run out and he wants to try some new ones. It is then that he has to get busy and make inquiries where to go, whereas if during his journey ings about the country he had stopped for a moment or two at a house near a prom- ising stream and found out all he could about the fishing conditions there and noted it in a little book kept for that purpose, he would know just where to go when the opportunity was presented. Frequently a brook may be posted but by talking with the land- owner he may get permission to fish it. This is very often the case. Many times a landowner will post a stream for the purpose of keeping off a certain few who may have raised havoc with fences and caused much damage to crops because of stock going through the torn-down fence. I have known of sev- eral such cases. If, on the other hand, an angler promises and lives up to his promise that he will do no damage to fences or trample through growing crops, he will be given a vocal ticket of entry to the exclusive domains. We know an ardent fisherman who, whenever he visits other towns, makes it a business to get in touch with landowners who have good trout streams, finds out all he can about the streams, whether they con- tain many trout and their average size. It makes no difference to him whether he is attending a political gathering in a city, or whether he is out to purchase a cow or a horse, whichever it may be, he never for- gets about the “business” of the trout streams. And that angler catches more trout every season and gets more fun out of the game than any other fisherman we know. He doesn’t have to sit dovm and think where to go when he’s ready for a start. He’s al- ways prepared, you see. And he knows all the early brooks and all the late brooks and the brooks that can be fished with success both early and late. And there’s a point that is worthy of attention. Many a fisherman w’ho has but few days which he can devote to the sport, wastes many golden hours by sticking on some stream which is useless to fish early and vice versa. There are such streams in every locality. This point, then, should be inquired into along with all other possible information re- garding the brooks. The plan which we have mentioned takes but a few moments of one’s time and, if carefully and tactfully followed out, will bring rewards a-plenty in return. MAN IS ONLY AN IMITATOR TN a volume entitled, “Vestiges of Creation,” a most ^ interesting and scholarly work, written by the English author and scientist Chamberlain, there oc- curs this passage : “The lower animals manifest mental phenomena long before man existed. While as yet there was no brain capable of working out a mathematical prob- lem, the economy of the six-sided figure was ex- emplified by the instinct of the bee. Ere human musician had whistled or piped, the owl hooted in B flat; the cuckoo had her song of a falling third, and the chirp of the cricket was in B.” This was written in England. The “falling third” of the cuckoo, would seem to apply to the notes of the golden crowned sparrow; our lovely little song- ster of today. It is a difficult task to transcribe correctly the songs and notes of birds. What with their slurs, semi-tones and quarter-tones, it requires a musical ear both keen and cultured to portray them. Keeler, of Berkeley, among others, in his “Bird Notes Afield,” has been very successful in accomplishing this. “But we might add that the honey-bee was not the only one of God’s creatures who, long before man, exemplified construction upnn purely scientific prin- ciples,” writes Henry R. Browne, of Piedmont, Cal. “We all know the principle of the fireless cooker, with the lining of felt, or something on that order, made to conserve and retain heat. Y"et the nest of the humming bird, a marvel of beauty and workman- ship, outstrips this invention of man. The exterior of the nest, exquisitely built of green moss, blends so delicately with the foliage of the tree that it is almost impossible to find it. The in- terior is lined, with thistle down, soft, yet laid in and woven so compactly that neither cold nor dampness can reach the microscopic eggs. May, 1919 FOREST AND S T R E A 219 I have seen the mother bird, during a cold and drizzling rain storm, sitting calmly on her nest, her little beak pointing upward, the rain running off her little body, yet serene and confident that all was well.” After all, man is only an imitator. THE RIVERS jWTAGICAL is the power of water! Herodotus tells us that Egypt was a gift from the Nile. Mar- itelle writes, “Had not the equatorial rains been compelled to win for themselves a passage to the Mediterranean, Egypt would not have existed. Egypt began by being the bed of a torrent.” The water supply of the country is more important to the life of the people than any other natural re- source. It is not strange that civilization should have de- veloped along the banks of rivers. New York, Phil- adelphia, St. Louis, Pittsburgh, London, Liverpool and Glasgow, are river cities. These large, densely populated commercial centers have river and harbor waters which are invaluable. What would Paris be without the Seine, London without the Thames, or New York without its Hudson? The primitive Paris, we are told, owed its safety to its being on an island. Venice is secure by being girded about by lagoons. Rivers not only lend an interest and beauty to a place, but are also means of communication. They bear away the refuse of a city and bring back vitilizing influences. Running water is a great ad- dition to a landscape. We love the stately river, storm-tossed lake and rushing torrent. They appeal to the deeps of life ! The superlative ; the gigantic holds us in awe. Portions of our Western desert are being re- claimed by turning into it water. The unproductive waste is fertilized by the coming of the streams. Mark you, fruitfulness does not depend upon the great cataract; the landscape is kept green by in- numerable tiny streams that go softly. Again and again are we impressed with the charm of running water. It was a mere brook the prophet saw in his vision, but he saw it go down the mountain and into the valley, gathering force until it became a mighty river, and as he watched it he lifted up his voice and cried, “Everything shall live whither the river cometh.” SPRINGTIME IN THE CITY "THE city dweller does not live who does not hun- ger for the country in the Springtime, however much he may boast of city advantages at other sea- sons of the year. Perhaps some of them have never known the joy of living where the air is fragrant with the smell of upturned earth ; where the plow has furrowed the long rows for the Spring planting ; where the dawn comes up in the eastern sky with a smile like that of a round-cheeked child; where the grass and the early dandelions seem to be running a good natured race to see which will grow the faster and where the songbirds fill the early hours with gladness. There are those so unfortunate as to have never experienced the birth of a Spring in the country, but it is in their blood nevertheless and they long for it even without knowing exactly what it is they miss. But for the country-bred and the Nature-lover the call of the country in Spring is like no other experience. It is a compound of joy and sadness, of regret and longing. Longing is the most malig- nant form of Spring fever. The distracted patient walks across the cobblestones of the city streets and tries to imagine them to be little mounds of soft earth in a country road. He looks at the squares of pavement and thinks of the perfectly laid out rows of daffodils and pansies in a country garden. Some- times he forgets himself and steps aside to avoid treading on them. And if in addition to being a nature-lover he be also a sportsman the “case is aggravated,” as physicians say. His brain is haunted by visions of sprouting young trees that grow beside a cheerfully murmuring brook which boasts a generous supply of deep pools where speckled trout congregate to talk over the summer’s program and where many of them are so good natured as to just spring right up and “wish themselves” caught. Every break in the city curbstone is a possible trout stream when that Spring fever gets into a sportsman’s blood, and he just has to go fishing. If he can’t get away from town he takes it out in thinking about it, which we are told by so high an authority as Ralph Waldo Emerson is just as satisfactory anyway. One of the most interesting fishermen we ever knew was a man who had not seen a trout stream since he was a boy. Each Spring he would read the catalogues issued by the railroads extolling the advantages of their especial trout-fishing areas; he would lay in a supply of the latest reels, hooks and flies; he would equip himself with the various kinds of rods; spend hours discussing the relative merits of various fishing equipment — and talk about trout- fishing until Spring had given place to Summer and it was too late to go astream. DR. HENSHALL'S AUTOBIOGRAPHY TN this issue of Forest and Stream will be found ^ the first installment of the biography of Dr. James A. Henshall, author of the “Book of the Black Bass,” etc., who has been known to the readers of Forest AND Stream from its foundation. His auto- biography will appear as a serial in sequent and sub- sequent issues until finished. As Marse Henry Watterson is now writing his personal and political reminiscences for the Satur- day Evening Post, covering a period of nearly eighty years. Dr. Henshall, one of his admirers, will in like manner, furnish to the readers of Forest and Stream the observations and experiences incident to his eventful life, from a precocious age of two or three months to his present age of eighty-three years young. The scenes of his activities cover every state of the Union, Canada, the West Indies and Europe ; and his narrative will embrace many subjects from the viewpoint of an angler, naturalist, sportsman and yachtsman. Dr. Henshall practiced medicine and surgery for a number of years, but gave up his profession for scientific pursuits. He is ex-presi- dent of the American Fisheries Society, also of the Tampa Society of Natural History and the Montana Society of Sciences, is ex-secretary of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History and of the Cuvier Club, and was assistant chief of the Departraefnt eries at the Chicago Columbian Exposition. He re- ceived a silver medal at the Paris Exposition of 1900, and a gold medal at the St. Louis World’s Fair in 1904, for literature pertaining to fish and fishing. 220 FOREST AND STREAM May, 1919 THE COLORS OF FISHES THAT THE VARIED COLORS OF FISHES SERVE A USEFUL PURPOSE IS A REASONABLE HYPOTHESIS A FRIEND of the writer, interest- ed in the colora- tion of fishes, has asked that he place on record a sketch of his knowledge and i n t e r p retation of their coloration. In discussing their colors, it is a convenience to divide fishes into several groups. 1. Free-swimming fishes are those which spend the greater part of their lives moving actively about in the water not far from the surface, approaching the bottom or floating weed or other float- ing objects comparatively rarely or by chance. 2. Bottom and weed fishes are those which spend much of their lives near the bottom or close to or among floating weed and other objects. 3. Reef fishes are those which spend the greater part of their lives moving ac- tively in the water, near, or among, the intricacies of tropical reefs. 4. Deep-water fishes are those found at considerable depths. The colors of free-swimming fishes are mostly simple, white beneath, silvery on the sides, bluish, greenish or brownish above, sometimes more or less mottled (Mackerel). The colors of bottom and weed fishes are more strongly, often intricately, marked, generally neutral in tone, paler below. The colors of reef fishes are the bright- est, most contrasted, their markings often bold and bizarre. Deep water fishes can not be so suc- cessfully generalized as to color, but among them we find three types which are sufficiently prevalent to be worthy of discussion, a red type, and one in which almost the entire fish is of a dark lustrous silver, at moderate depths; and a black t3T)e in greater depths. In the free-swimming group there doubtless is a correspondence between the color of the upper parts of the fish, and that of the water in which it swims. Some persons will claim that there is little variation in the color of water. Such, however, is not the writer’s experi- ence. The water of ponds and bays is variously brovra ; that of moderate depths on continental shelves (off New York, Nevirfoundland Banks, North Sea, be- tween the Falkland Islands and South America), sea-green; that of the deep- sea in general (Gulf Stream, Trade-wind belts of all oceans, etc.), strong blue, etc. This color is what one sees by look- ing directly down into the water, not the surface color, due more or less to reflec- tion, and which varies with weather con- ditions. Looked at at the proper angle in the right weather the deep sea and a muddy pond give the same bright blue surface color. By JOHN T. NICHOLS In general free-swimming fishes from brovra waters are brownish above in life (Minnows) ; those from green waters, green; from blue waters, blue. There is a particularly close correspondence be- tween the blue of certain off-shore fishes (Flying fish, etc.) and that of the water in which they are found. Conspicuousness is unquestionably a detriment to free-swimming fishes. They continually prey on, or are preyed upon by, quick-sighted fishes or other crea- tures; often they both prey and are preyed on. Pretty surely their colors tend in the main to render them incon- spicious — the white of their underparts against the bright lower side of the sea surface, the brown, green or blue of their backs as the case may be, seen from above against the corresponding sea color. As compared with one of their number dead and lying on its back or side, their in- conspicuousness often verges on the in- visible. That their colors are always those that give them the lowest visibility is, however, not true. For instance, the adult dolphin is more or less bright yel- low behind and below, just in that quar- ter where a fish is most open to attack. As a correlation we may note that the size and speed of the dolphin are such as to render it practically immune from attack, and that the yellow should enable these fish, which hunt wide stretches of blue water by sight in small schools, more readily to keep together. If one wished to paint a conspicuous mark in this blue water, yellow would perhaps be the best color to use. The majority of species, certainly in temperate seas, belong to the second group of bottom or weed fishes. It is in this group that we find species whose colors match their surroundings so won- derfully that even the most sceptical naturalists will admit that they are pro- tectively— that is, concealingly — colored. Notable examples are the gulf-weed fish, found only in the drifting gulf weed, and the flounders which lie on the bot- tom. The fact of concealing coloration here is obvious. I am of the opinion that throughout this group the colors of the majority of the various species tend to conceal them, or that they set limits to the conspicu- ousness of each. It is sometimes argued that when two species of animals with the same habits on the same territory are differently colored they cannot both be concealingly colored. In fact, this is a favorite formula with those who ar- gue against wide ex- istence of concealing colorations among animals. Its weak- ness as an argument is two-fold. First, the habits of no two species are exactly alike, or even those of the two sexes, or of the young and old. Second, concealing coloration is a relative matter. With a given environ- ment and habits, a single color and pat- tern very likely gives the lowest visibility, but several different colors and patterns may give a sufficiently low visibility for the needs of the animal. Compared to those of group two, the boldly colored reef fishes (Group 3) have a high visibility. This statement is based on not inconsiderable personal ob- servation, and agrees with the observa- tions of most naturalists. The reefs and their agility enable them to flaunt with impunity colors which would be disas- trous to other fishes.’ The colors of deep water fishes are the most puzzling, perhaps because we know least of the habits of this group and the conditions under which they live. In the deep shadows of the ocean depths lighted only by flashes of phosphorescence, the frequent black fishes would be expected to have a low visibility. The red species common in intermediate regions where little day- light penetrates would also have a low visibility, though conspicious at the surface, because the light must pene- trate so broad a belt of the green or blue water before reaching them. It is pos- sible that a concealing value accounts for the hlack and the red. It is possible that the fish obtains physiological benefit from the absorption by its body of the faint light, an absorption facilitated by these colors. The silvery species differ from silvery surface fishes in the lack of white in the silver, and comparative absence of dark backs. Some of the Lantern fishes, small silvery, deep-water species which come to the surface at night, have scales so burnished that the fish form almost perfect mirrors. They have a very low visibility at night. Any naturalist with a wide experience of fishes in different habitats will, I think, see the force of the grouping pre- sented above and agree in the main with the generalizations. Of course there are exceptions and special cases which it does not cover. There is a certain type of large-eyed, nocturnal red fish found on the reefs which one might readily class with the conspicuous diurnal species, some of which are red. Most of these ^ See Reigjard Pub. Tortugas Lab., Carnegie Inst., Wash., 2. 1908, 257-326. Nichols, Am. ^fus. Journal, Dec.. 1916. 507-511. (CONTINTTED ON PAGE 243) May, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 221 FIELD TRIALS AT PINEHURST THE SPORTSMAN WHO FOLLOWS A WELL CONDUCTED FIELD TRIAL WILL BECOME MORE SKILLFUL IN THE HANDLING OF HIS OWN DOGS By RODNEY RANDOM SOMETHING like a quarter of a century ago the Tufts fam- ily of Boston (father and son) started out to make Pinehurst, N. C., the greatest winter rendezvous for out- of-doors people in the world, and it may be truly rec- orded that marvel- ous progress has been made in that direction, for today Pinehurst is the winter mecca of the golfing world. The trap-shooting fraternity have al- so seized upon the place and made it their home, the winter tournament of the clay bird smashers being the star event of the season, and as a further attraction for the devotees of the shotgun and the bird dog Field Trials have been intro- duced and celebrated Field Trial stars raced there last month under ideal con- ditions. To the man who shoots over a pointer or setter on the wooded hillsides of New England, the prairies of the west, or in the quail fields of the south, a race between bird dogs is an event of constant interest for there he can observe and study the finer points of bird dog work as brought out and emphasized by compe- tition between highly developed dogs with skillful handlers. The average dog owner believes that he knows all about a bird dog that is worth while and feels sure he can tell a good one from a bad one. The estimate of a dog that a man forms in the hunt- ing field however, is based largely upon whether he is registered a successful shot at the birds, and the appreciation of ■ dog is frequently measured by the num- ber of birds which are killed. In a Field Trial all is different. The mere killing of birds is not taken into consideration and dogs are shot over only to determine whether or not they are steady at the report of the guns, or gun shy, and many trials are run without a bird being killed. The judges, men of long experience, follow the dogs in the most dispassionate manner and keep them under constant surveillance. The speed and energy that a dog throws into his work, the intelligence that he displays in working a country and going from one birdy spot to another, the manner in which he approaches a likely place so as to get full advantage of the wind, the unerring confidence and accuracy with which he locates his birds, are the things that the judges are constantly weighing 4-: H. A. J. Wilken’s “Coveycot Jessica” in making up their decision, and any sportsman who follows a well-conducted Field Trial for a day or two leaves a much wiser man, and in the field there- after, he will be far more skillful in the handling of his own dogs and will have learned many things that should be in the curriculum of an accomplished and Frank Butler with Norwood Johnson’s Champion “Griffon” worthy sportsman. In the trials this year a number of amateurs com- p e t e d. Crocker’s Ben Sport was handled by his owner who had never seen a Field Trial before, but who quickly picked up the finer points of the game and in the final heat, which he ran with Jay Hall, also an amateur, these two men handled their dogs with a keen, decisive pre- cision that would have done credit to any professional. A Mr. Wilkens, who owns a beauti- ful little descend- ant of the old Field Trial star, Caesar, was a very umprom- ising handler in the first series, but he followed the trials through the rest of the day, got a line on the game, and came back two days later and placed his beau- tiful little setter at the top of the list. PINEHURST has many things to recommend it as a Field Trial center. To begin with there are sufficient birds and unlimited country, and there is a stimulating snap in the atmosphere of this Carolina pineland country that brings out the best in both men and dogs. It is a land of sunshine and sandy soil which readily absorbs the rains that in some countries made the fields impass- able, and there are also the other com- forts in the way of splendid hotel accomo- dations, which have deterred so many men from putting up with discomforts to be found at the places where Field Trials are usually held. Mr. Tufts, the owner of Pinehurst, is an old Field Trial man and always has a hearty welcome for the man who loves a bird dog or a foxhound. He is also fortunate in having as two all-winter residents Dr. Brown, who is well-known in the Field Trial world and a skillful hand in directing these matters and Jay Hall, another well-known Field Trial en- thusiast, keenly 'interested in bird dogs and the success of the Pinehurst trials. The senior judge of the trials was Harry Hullman of Terre Haute, Indiana. A quarter of a centry ago Mr. Hullman owned the greatest kennel of Field Trial stars that was ever brought together and his name is permanently identified with all that is best in Field Trials. He dropped into Pinehurst quite unannounced, but was immediately pressed into service and handled the stake admirably, bracing (CONTINUED ON PAGE 255) 222 FOREST AND S T R E A .M May, 1919 'i I FIVE HINTS IF your boots get wet inside take sev- eral handfulls of dry pebbles, heat them very hot and put them in the boots. This will dry them quickly. * * * A good pocket match box can be made by telescoping empty 12 and 10-gauge shot-gun shells. * * » Always carry a little roll of stove- pipe wire and some string. It will come in pretty handy around camp. * * An improvised camp spoon can be made by using an oyster shell attached to a split stick. Whenever you are in unfamiliar woods make a distinctive or original mark on certain trees so you will recognize them if you ever have occasion to pass that way again. Ordinary blazes are mis- leading sometimes. Jack, Iowa. A GOOD CAMP GRATE Avery simple take-down grate for camp use can be made by using three pieces of iron about fourteen inches long by 1 inch wide to % inch Figure 2 thick and three A-inch iron rods. Bore holes about a quarter of an inch from the ends of the flat pieces of iron. Form them into a triangle and insert the rods, holding them in place with nuts. Figure 1, shows the different parts of the grate before they ai’e assembled and Figures 2 and 3 the method followed in putting them together. Sharpen the Figure i rods so they can be readily pushed .into the earth around the fire. R. R., Maryland. E are depending upon the friends and admirers of our old correspondent Nessmuk to make this department worthy of his name. No man knew the woods better than Nessmuk or wrote of them with quainter charm. Many of his practical ideas on camping and “ going light ” have been adopted by the United States Army ; his canoe has been preserved in the Smithsonian Institution; and we hope that all good woodsmen will contribute to this department their Hints and Kinks and trail-tested contrivances. — [Editors.] TO PATCH A BOOT TO keep a patch on a rubber boot or wader from curling up at the edges is a much easier process than one might imagine. First, carefully clean the sur- face of the rubber where the patch is re- quired, then attach it as usual and tack the edges down lightly with thin, sharp- pointed tacks. When the patch has set, draw the tacks and fill the holes with rubber adhesive paste or liquid. When this dries cover the entire patch with cement, making sure that you have an unbroken, even coat. Patches attached in this manner usually stick in spite of rough treatment and don’t curl up and come off at the first contact with rock or snag, as very often happens with patches that are put on carelessly. THE BEST FLY DOPE IF your various correspondents want the very best fly dope to really keep the varmints off they have only to refer to the pages of “Woodcraft” to secure it. Nessmuk was in the North Woods at all seasons of the year. When the hilari- ous skeeter thrummed his guitar; when the rapacious black fly thrust his javelin and when the unseen punkie burned his poisoned torch. He didn’t risk citronella nor eucalyptus. Tar oil was his “dope” and the writer can testify to its marvel- ous efficacy. “Three ounces pine tar, two ounces castor oil, one ounce pennyroyal oil, simmer all together over a slow fire and bottle for use.” If every summer camper who may be exposed to one or more of these dreaded pests will read Nessmuk’s advice about insect pests he will bless the old man again and again, that is if he will fol- low the advice which is sound, solid sense. Osceola. ONE WAY TO START A FIRE HERE’S a simple way to start a fire without matches, flint, steel or sticks: Everyone knows how to start paper burning with a magnifying glass, well, that’s just the trick, only use a front lense from your field glass. It will make a very strong glass and the brighter the sun the easier it is to start the fire. After your tinder begins to smoke a little, blow on it and it will break into a flame very much sooner. You don’t have to keep a big fire going all day in camp so as to have it ready to cook on at suppertime, just keep a smouldering one and you can start it again very easily by fanning a little. Almost all hunters nowadays carry field glasses and consider them an es- sential part of their outfit. They are invaluable for searching out and finding game, but it is well to know of another way in which they can be made to ser^’e a useful purpose. E. C. T. May, 1919 FOREST AND S T R E A :\1 223 A HANDY BAKER P URCHASE a heavy tin baking pan 1 such as can be obtained in any hard- ware store. Fashion a cover from a I piece of sheet tin and fasten it to the pan by means of the simple tongue and- slot hinge, as shown in cut. Brace the pan before the fire by means of a log or stake and, adjusting the cover to the proper angle, hold it in place by means of a wire. The pan will come in handy to carry odds and ends of your camping outfit and when fastened shut by a little catch will keep the contents snug and tight, H. L. R. G., Connecticut. POCKET MINNOW NET Take a round block of wood, about three inches in diameter and about an inch thick, and bore four holes op- posite to each other around the edge. Insert a piece of umbrella rib about twelve inches long in each hole. Make the holes small enough so the ribs will fit tight. Leave the ends of the ribs that have the little eyes in outside. Lay the block and ribs, which will look like the hub of a wheel with four spokes, on a square piece of mosquito netting and sew the four corners of the net to the eyes in the ribs. In the center of the block put a screw-eye and in the center of the net sew a piece of string, leaving the ends of the string about eight inches long. Any straight, stiff stick picked up on the shore will serve for a handle. Make it fast to the net with string through the screw-eye. With a piece of bread as bait tied to the string in the middle of the net it is ready to catch minnows. They will come over the net for the bread and when it is raised up quickly. the resistance of the water causes it to belly and the minnows cannot get out. When you have finished using it, pull the ribs out of the holes, drop the block in the net and roll it up on the ribs, making it compact to carry. TAKE CARE OF YOUR ROD Every season your fishing rod should be carefully gone over and varnished if you want to keep it in good condition. Clean all the metal parts with rotten- stone and sweet oil, but never touch the male ferrules. With a piece of old felt, a little extra fine pumicestone and raw linseed oil rub it down thoroughly, being careful in the wiping not to chafe the silk; wipe off very clean and let it stand for a day or two to get dry. Then take a fine-haired flat brush and give one coat of fine oil finish. Suspend the rod by strings for one or two days and give the second coat, suspending it again for a few days so it will get hard. Now take old felt, raw oil and rottenstone and rub it lightly but thoroughly; wipe off with an old rag and you will have a handsomely finished rod. Water will not affect it. When you stop fishing wipe the rod dry and when you get home or to camp rub it well with raw oil on a rag. Oil the male ferrules with a drop of good gun oil, polish the moutings and put it away in its case. J. P. H., New Jersey. A DURABLE ROD CASE AS the ordinary rod case of leather doesn’t always prevent rods from be- coming broken while traveling, I devised and made a case for any pet rod by tak- ing a piece of light brass tubing of suit- able length about two inches in diameter and soldered a cap of heavy tin for the bottom. A large cork provided a stopper for the other end •tf^hich I fastened to a little chain and soldered the other end of the chain to the tube so as to prevent it from becoming lost. Bits of brass wire were bent into U shape and soldered at How the rod case looks proper intervals to the side of the tube so as to form attaching points for the carrying strap. I enameled the tube black and I now have a good looking case and one that is practically unbreakable. G. G., New Jersey. A FISHING OUTFIT Take a piece of bamboo about an inch in diameter and cut it so as to form a hollow tube about four inches long. Sectional view of outfit Insert a cork in each end and you will have a receptacle in w'hich you can put shot, sinkers, etc. One of the corks can be used as a float and by empaling hooks on the other oite, as shown in cut, you will be able to keep them in such a position as to prevent all possibility of their becoming lost or entangled in the lining of your pocket. Wind your fish line around the outside and hold the loose end in place by pushing it in with one of the corks. This will give you a compact fishing outfit and one that you can easily carry in your hunting coat pocket and will come in handy when you happen upon a good fishing place. W. R. J., Alaska. TO SKIN AN EEL i PLACE the eel on its back on a board i and with thumb and forefinger on | each side of its head at gills, press firmly i down and cut a very narrow slit across its neck just below the fins with a very j sharp knife. Force the knife through i, backbone, but do not cut through the skin. Raise eel from board and holding I head in left hand, place point of knife in i slit and cut and rip down the belly through the vent and let the slit stop in the fin. Take out insides and work the knife at severed backbone until the skin is free from flesh for about two ij inches dowm from head. Holding the I head in left hand, place thumb of right s hand back of detached flesfi, with blade ;• of knife against the backbone on the belly • side and pull the skin off as you would f a sock. The skin should not be cut from i the head as it provides a handle to hold 'i' it by when pulling. F. A. S. ^ 224 FOREST AND STREAM May, 1919 MORE ABOUT GAME FISH To the Editor of Forest and Stream : I'M only a bookshop subscriber to your very fine magazine, and around the 15th of every “inst,” eagerly look for it. In the February issue, numerous inter- rogations appear, as “What is” — “Defi- nition of” — “Manning of,” etc., concern- ing “game fish.” One says the salmon only, and other equally expert opinions differ. The word “game,” as applied to fish, would require an act of your Congress to decide, and even then the act would err, for the reason I would like to point out. I am from England, “Merrie England” again, and used to “still fish” in the sea a lot, but, until last year, did not have a rod in my hand for well over forty years. About 25 years ago, I used to “throw out” a hand line in the Red River and could take quite a few of the much ma- ligned cat fish. A few times I have fished in the Assiniboine. At that time the Red was a fine body of water, with a current of about a mile an hour, the Assiniboine being twice as swift. Sewers emptied into the Red, none into the other. From the Red I could catch “cats” up to 25 lbs., big black backed fellows, but they would “come in” like a log till they got to shallow water. Then a flip of their tails would take them about ten feet, to be hauled back and out. Were they “game?” No, most em- phatically No! Less than a mile across the base of the triangle (the point of river junction be- ing the apex) I would throw in a fairly heavy sinker, and a six pound “cat” would connect. Oh! yes, he’d connect all right, and you’d know it. These fellows were sure of the wildcat persuasion, for they would take that heavy sinker, lift it 15 feet to the top of the water, and fight every foot of the way in. Up here at that time the art of “playing a fish” was unknown, but, as these fish would pull I would give them a few feet of line, and have sometimes been ten to fifteen minutes landing one. I always used a very fine linen line, except for the bottom six feet, which is heavy enough to stand the strain of the swing. To throw out, and to pull in a six pound “game” cat, with a fine line, with bare hands is no joke. All of which brings me back to the original matter. I claim the Red “cats” are surely not a “game” fish, but the fighting wild “cats” of the Assinniboine are as much a “game” fish as is the lord- ly salmon or the voracious pike. Further, the word “game” is one of those abstract words that are absolutely indefinable. Like “sin,” “duty,” etc., the dictionary can interpret in general terms but for the word “duty,” a brakeman has LETTERS, QUESTIONS AND ANSWER one interpretation, a human yellow dog an altogether different one. Dr. Henshall is right, if a fish is a fighter he is “game.” If a quitter — well, he is just a quitter and not “game.” Good luck to Forest and Stream, may they both, with the magazine named after them, outlast our time, and for gen- erations beyond. J. E. Costello, Manitoba. WHEN AN EEL IS NOT A SUCKER To the Editor of Forest and Stream: I HAVE had considerable fishing experi- ence in the last six years but the most exciting one I can remember happened last spring. The surrounding country where I live does not lack in fishing waters; Napanee River with its various creeks afford much pleasure to the true sportsman. Some people think that fish- ing with a net is sport. I disagree; give the fish some sort of a chance at least. If anyone wants sport let him take a spear, some sort of a light and wade up Little Creek night hunting black suckers and eels. This creek teems with suckers in the spring; they come in from the bay at night and go out in the daytime. One night I went down to the creek with a friend of mine to hunt suckers. We each wore hip rubber boots and car- ried a spear and a good strong carbide lamp. We started wading up the rapids but never saw a fin. “A little early in the night,” announced my friend; “come up to the mud bottom, we’ll try for eels,” and so up to this spot we proceeded. Here’s where the fun started. Imagine yourself spearing eels in three feet of water and only one hand to do it with! I can see those eels yet; they were every- where. I left my trademark on several of them though ; they seem to have a dis- gusting habit of slipping through the tines when they shouldn’t! The water came up higher on our boots all the time and when it was about two inches from the tops the going was pretty slow. I was on one side of the creek and my friend on the other when he yelled “Look out! There’s a red fin.” As red fin suckers came in this creek once in a while I supposed that he had seen one so I flashed my light toward the center of the stream but saw nothing that indicated the wake of a “big one.” The first thing I knew my friend had something on his spear that looked to me like a huge black snake. It was not; it was an eel! And talk about eels, that was the biggest one I ever saw or ever expect to see. I can safely say it was five feet long and as big as a man’s wrist! But he got away, much to our disappoint- ment; it is a hard job to keep an eel on a spear with only one hand. My friend was so excited he didn’t know what to do ; whenever I mention that night to him he says, “Holy doodle,” and shakes his head. We didn’t get an eel or anything else that night except wet feet which is invariably the case. At this particular spot sucker fishing is quite a sport on a good night. Walter H. Sills, Ontario. To the Editor of Forest and Stream: THE GREEN HEAD MALLARD A T a recent meeting of the Stutsman County Sportsman’s Club, James- town, N. Dak., a discussion came up relative to the Green Head Mallard Duck as to whether or not his head was green at all times during the year. It was maintained by some that the green head was permanent and by others that his head was not green during the moulting period. Will you please in- form me relative to this in detail. J. E. Campbell, N. Dak. Those who maintain that the green head of the male mallard is permanent through the year are wrong. The green head mallard loses his brilliant plumage for a period in late summer and early fall and more nearly resembles the fe- male. This is not generally understood by gunners. This change of plumage in male ducks during the summer months was first spoken of in the sup- plement to Montague’s Ornithological Dictionary in 1813, the reference being to the pin-tail or sprig-tail {Dafila acuta). In the Proceedings of the Phil- adelphia Academy of Natural Sciences for the last quarter of the year 1899 Mr. Witmer Stone discussed “The Summer Molting Plumage of Certain Ducks" at considerable length. The matter is treated of with some fullness in GrinnelVs American Duck Shooting, pp. 82 to 84, from which we digest some paragraphs. About 1838 the naturalist Waterton described a summer molt in the male mallard and from time to time other species were found to undergo similar changes. Ridgeway, in his Manual of North American Birds, refers to a num- ber of ducks which have a peculiar sum- mer plumage resembling the female. Among these are the mallard, blue-wing and cinnamon teals, the gadwall, wid- geon, pintail and scaup. Mr. Stone noted that the change of plumage is chiefly confined to those parts of the bird May, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 225 which are most highly colored. The change takes place in summer just be- fore the annual molt of the flight feathers, and as soon as the new flight feathers have become strong enough to be used, the dull plumage, as well as the remainder of the old plumage, is lost. In other words, this dull plumage lasts only during the period when the birds are unable to fly through the loss of the quill feathers of their wings. At such a time a dull plumage would render the bird inconspicuous and so protect it from its enemies, and this Mr. Stone believes is the explanation of the curious sum- mer molt. — [Editors]. TWO KICKS AND A HOLLER To the Editor of FOREST AND Stream: This is two kicks and a holler which you won’t publish from one who has read and subscribed to the old maga- zine for twenty years. Kick one — Why is Forest and Stream on sale here five or six days before I who subscribe for it receive my copy? Kick two — Some time ago I submitted an article on Striped Bass Fishing at Montauk, said article being without any literary merit whatever, but a truthful account of conditions under which we fish there. If you don’t want this effu- sion, and I don’t blame you if you don’t, please return it. Last year was the greatest ever for striped bass at Mon- tauk, four rods averaging twenty-four fish per day but most of the fish ran under ten pounds. Now I know our friend Hulit is a bait fisherman and wedded to the method as followed on the Jersey coast but he ought to let the readers of our magazine know of the fine fishing near town. This Summer the State begins the construction of a cement road from Bridgehampton to the Point so that any fisherman who owns a “Lizzie” can run right down to the fishing grounds and no railroad fare. The Holler — Shortly I leave on my fourteenth trip to the West coast of Flo- rida. Two years ago I had the pleasure of attending the King party whom we found lost at the head of Little Shark River near Harney Pool. I have enjoyed reading Lamed’s descriptions of that country. Except for rattlesnakes there is no danger there for the man who minds his own business and keeps his mouth shut. The stone over the grave of that Audubon Society warden on Cape Sable is a very pretty piece of brown stone. I visited it last year. But what do you expect. He butted in on the lo- cal plume hunting industry. If Lamed wants a story tell him to get from Geo. Storter of Allens River the story of Watson who lived on Lostman’s River and made a business of killing for the pure love of the thing. I visited the stand from which he shot his victims and found the skeleton of the old women he killed and which one of my friends helped to bury. Watson died facing a bunch of men at Chockoloskee. They buried him on Rabbit Key, waking Stor- ter up in the middle of the night to pronounce him officially dead. This was easy. He had twenty-one bullets in him. This year we are going to try to catch sailfish outside Knights Key by the kite method as done at Avalon. It seems easy according to the letter and diagrams just received from the secre- tary of the club but I “hae me doubts.” Don’t suppose you would care to hear how it works as my articles are merely stories of facts and have no “literary merit.” Henry H. Shepard. PHILBRICK GILE To the Editor of Forest and Stream: NO one could have gone into the Rangeley region of Maine without having known Philbrick Gile either through personal acquaintance or Philbrick Gile by reputation. The news of his death, which occurred the latter part of Feb- ruary, will be regretted by all who knew him. He was one of the pioneers in this section, in fact, his name is properly as- sociated with the old buckboard road from Rangeley to Kennebago via Loon Lake, as he was one of the small group of men who blazed through the original trail, which later became a buckboard road, and up to a few years ago was the only way into Kennebago from Rangeley. During his early life he was engaged in trapping and work incidental to the opening up of this region. With the development of York’s Camp at Loon Lake and Ed. Grant’s at Ken- nebago, his services as a guide were eagerly sought by sportsmen. In addi- tion to being a most practical woodsman, he was a thorough student and lover of nature. One was always sure of en- tertainment with Philbrick, his many and varied experiences provided a foundation for many an interesting story. It was the writer’s privilege to have known him, not only as a guide, but as a friend and companion. I saw him last in October, in his comfortable home wrought from the forest by his own effort and thrift. His death thins the ranks of our stur- dy New England type of men, who by their life of labor and resistance give us a heritage of the best American citi- zenship. Clinton V. Dean, Rhode Island. WHO WANTS TO HUNT IN MEXICO To the Editor of FOREST AND Stream 1AM planning a hunting and trapping expedition to start from this place about the first of next October to be out some eight or nine months. I am going in- to the Sierra Madres of northwestern Chi- huahua and expect to explore and hunt in a region that is virgin forest and prac- tically unknown to the outside world. All of the game and fur bearing animals be- longing to this part of the world are in great abundance, streams are numerous and alive with game fish, in fact it is a hunter’s paradise. My object in writing this to you, is to ask you to help me to find a man to join me. I want a partner who has the ability to write vivid descriptions of what he will see and the game we will kill, that he can get published in some sport- ing magazine to help make the trip a profitable one. If I can find the right man he will be able to collect an abund- ance of matter that will be of interest to all readers of such publications or that I think will find sale, published in book form. I spent one winter hunting and trapping in this district without this feature and made a good profit, and I have made numerous short excursions always with success. I have always used Winchester arms in my hunting expeditions. For deer and bear the 30 Army type is the gun I like best. When I find a grizzly I am not afraid to tackle him with this gun, and it is positive suicide to tackle one of these brutes if you haven’t got a safe gun. When describing any interesting bags of game, we will naturally mention the kind and size of gun used and I think that a hunter’s story is incomplete if he doesn’t tell what he can do with his favorite gun. The man I am looking for must be healthy and able to bear some hardships and above all be a lover of outdoor life and of the sport of hunting, or his narratives will not be good. I will expect him to bear an equal portion of the expense and share the same in any profit, with myself and probably another person who will go with me. The trip will not be without some element of dan- ger which, however, will make it the more interesting. I will expect this man to bring photographing outfit and be able to take pictures for illustrating pur- poses. I will answer any questions to any person interested truthfully and frankly, and I can furnish ample proof that I am responsible and will treat fairly with my partner. Leon A. Carruth, Pearson, Chihuahua, Mexico. 226 FOREST AND STREAM May, 1919 HINTS ON FISHING To the Editor of Forest and Stream: 1HAVE been a reader of the good old Forest and Stream for a number of years and sure do enjoy reading the fish- ing notes that appear in it each month. In the January number I i-ead M. S. B.’s article who asked for some of the other fishermen to give their experience in fishing. Fishing is my favorite sport and I spend most of my spare time on the lakes or streams. Trout, black bass and pike are my favorite fish, but the bass are the boys I like to fish for and I most always get my share of them. I am no fish hog as fifteen is the limit of one day’s catch and I have never taken over that number in one day, not because I couldn’t catch more but fifteen bass is enough for any person in one day’s catch. Our lakes in Minnesota have a good sup- ply of fish of most every variety. I am a strong believer in shore fishing I and do most of my fishing from the ) shore. I use every kind of bait I can get hold of. Flies, wabblers and spinners of different makes, live bait such as frogs, minnows, soft shell crabs and crickets, and when bass are not taking live bait or flies, or spinners, I try dandelion blossoms and milk weed blossoms. I have caught a nice string of bass with these tw’o blossoms but these I use in the heat of the day when the fish are jumping, as they are light and hard to cast but put on a couple of split buck shot and try it the next time you go fishing and find the bass are jumping and will not take any other bait you may offer and see for your self. In cleaning my catches I always notice what they have been feding on and in that way it has helped me a great deal in giving them what they will take. Last sea- son I caught a dozen or more bass that would w'eigh lbs. and better the opening of the season. I caught one black bass that weighed 7% ibs., 24 inches in length and 19 inches in girth at Dean’s Lake, Minn., 35 miles northwest of Minneapolis on a No. 2 Shannon Coaxer, which I think is a good surface bait. But when my friend asked me for a mess of fish and I am fish hungry myself I most always use frogs. Will write again if any one would like to read my experience in bass fishing. W. A. Morton, Minneapolis, Minn, as the Mississippi Rivers. I suppose that we will stay here for the duration of our “Nacht am Rhine.” There are many wild ducks on the river and many rabbits and deer in the hills and forests around here, which only makes me homesick for we are not allowed to hunt here. As this is all the news I know I will close with a promise to pay you a visit when we get back to the good old U. S. A. CoRP. Joseph A. Blettner, Army of Occupation, Germany. A BOOK PLATE To the Editor of Forest and Stre^am: AM taking the liberty of enclosing herewith print of a book plate which I had made, using as the lower panel two cuts from one of your old publica- tions; feeling that you might perhaps be interested in seeing some of your old work reproduced along different lines whiff and off he went like a wild dog down by the creek, sometimes in the water and sometimes on the gravel. In his haste he lost the track but picked it up again a little ways down the creek. He did better this time than before, and trailed old Mr. ’Coon down the creek a little farther and then off towards the swamp about a mile away, yelling all the time as if he was killing the ’coon or the ’coon was killing him, but we knew as long as all that noise was kept up our dog was very much alive. Finally he treed him in an old sink hole which was about ten feet deep and very hard to get out of because you had to pull yourself up by small bushes growing along the sides. As we had taken a ’possum from this hole about a week before there was no hesitation on our part about going down, so down we went, and just as we went down the show started. Hardly had we touched the ground when the dog brought out a skunk and a lively tustle followed in which we were all christened night hunters for the sim- ple reason that we couldn’t get out fast enough. In the scramble to get out we lost the only lantern we had and no one would go back for it, so we started discarding all the clothes we could spare. Somehow or other our dog had lost the ’coon track and had taken the skunk’s which ended what promised to be a fine night. • A. J. Allensworth, Mich. An Outdoor Man’s Book Plate and that the book plate may perhaps help you or some of your friends in de- signing one for yourselves, I remain, W. P. Patterson, Virginia. JACK RABBITS FOR HUNTING To the Editor of Forest and Stream : The question of Jack Rabbits and Belgian hares for country stock- ing purposes has been called to my attention. The local raisers of Bel- gian hares advise me that when these rabbits are turned loose in the country they invariably die. Such being the case, it would be useless to w'aste money stocking these rab- bits for hunting purposes. Can you advise me of any species of large rabbits that wdll propagate when turned out in the country and increase in num- bers for sporting purposes? 0. M. La Rue, Flemington, N. J. FROM GERMAN SOIL To the Editor of Forest and Stream: Your welcome letter of the 15th of Nov. was received with pleasure. I am glad to hear that my letter with the eleven Francs in \vas received on Nov. 11th because that was a day that the whole world enjoyed. I have received two copies of the good old Forest and Stream since I received your letter, and I have had great pleasure in reading them and I hope that I will receive my April copy soon. I know of nothing else in the line of news just now, except that we are only about 50 ft. from the Rhine River now, with only a railroad and street separating. The Rhine is about as wide as the Ohio and as deep A FINE NIGHT SPOILED To the Editor of Forest and Stream : ONE night in October, 1917, we were going to try out a pup we had been training all that summer and of which we expected a fine hunting dog; a ’coon dog was what we wanted. We invited four friends out from Clarksville to go with us and out they came with a “green one” who promised us great fun that night, so we went down to Dry creek, which is the best ’coon ground in the neighborhood and turned our dog loose near the creek. At first “Sport” (the dog) didn’t catch on and for the first half hour we did most of the hunting, but finally found ’coon tracks in the mud by the creek where he had been hunting frogs for his supper, so we called the dog and let him get a good DEFINITION OF SPORTSMAN To the Editor of Forest and Stream: IN the March number there was an article defining “sportsman” as ap- plied in this country. I think any person who is a lover of nature and her children. One who en- joys hunting, fishing etc., for the pleas- ure of matching his skill against their instincts and natural cunning, and not for the sake of killing. One who in- sits on fair play, respects our game laws and helps protect our friends of the forests and streams is entitled to the term “sportsman.” If the killing of a swan, stag, eagle, seal and salmon was the qualification in the past in Scotland, anyone could boast the title if he had the price, while many a true sportsman would be left out. C. S. Paul, Iowa. May, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM! 227 UNCLE SAM FISHING CONTEST To the Editor of Forest and Stream: Last August three disciples of Ike Walton got into a boat on a little pond, situated in Plymouth County, Mass., about fifty miles from Boston. After catching small perch and roach for bait we anchored in 15 feet of wa- ter for still fishing. I can visualize turned up noses, but when flycasting is impossible owing to prevailing condi- tions and there ai’e too many weeds for bait casting, is it not good to anchor, light your pipe and indulge in a con- templation of the wonders of nature, re- turning to the days when a twig, a string and a one-cent-a-dozen hook brought pleasure that can never be for- gotten ? At one o’clock our sole results were a few perch and many pouts that had been returned to their habitat. Lunch over, at two-thirty, we again put forth. Having live shrimp I thought I would try them instead of perch and then the sport started. Almost immediately after my first cast I received a strike and was so sur- prised that Mr. Fish got safely away. Of course I had to endure a nagging from my companions that I afterwards realized was classical. But when I en- cored the performance on the next cast the personal remarks got under my hide and though I hate to admit, the fish be- gan to steal my shrimp as fast as I could put them on the hook. Having nothing but dead ones left I put on a bunch large enough to make any bass hungry, but when I landed a four pounder I thought I was due to be thrown overboard. I had a feeling then that it was my day and a prize in the Forest and Stream Fishing Contest” seemed to be already in my vest pocket. Baiting with a live roach and casting I was rewarded by a strike that sent a thrill through every muscle. Letting him mouth the bait he took a run of twenty five or thirty yards and when he stopped I struck and then the fun began. When he felt the hook, out of the water came the largest and most angry bass I have ever had on a line. With a 4-oz. flyrod and a hundred feet of line out I knew I had a fight on. Dur- ing this bass’s life he had learned every wiley trick famous to the small mouth. After several attempts to get rid of the hook by leaving the water and play- ing an acrobat, he decided that home of- fered a better haven and home he went to sulk, occasioanlly shaking his head like a bull dog on a tramp’s nethermost part which has been made famous by cartoons. After twenty-five minutes hard fight I gave him the butt and per- suaded (incidentally a hook in the ten- der part of one’s mouth must be some persuader) him to come up. When he saw the boat within a few feet his wan- ing strength rallied and he made one last futile attempt for freedom, but the odds were against him and the net was slipped under his bronze body and the game warrior lifted into the boat, his courage willing to continue the fight but his strength all gone. His gameness made me wish to put him back but I compromised and had him mounted and every time I look at him I feel full of respect for his game- ness and look forward to the time when I can make another trip and get a com- panion to put beside him. He weighed five pounds, six ounces. J. G. Houston, Mass. SOMEONE ANSWER THIS To the Editor of Forest and Stream: Can I take a boat, drawing about 28 to 30 inches, and go in and through the various heads or channels from Hicks Beach, Far Rockaway to Great South Bay? I have tried to get charts but am told there are none published. If you cannot answer the question, perhaps I can get it from one of the readers of Forest and Stream if you will publish this in the column of questions. H. L. Allen, Prince Bay, N. Y. Flying Squirrel Leaving Nest THE FLYING SQUIRREL To the Editor of Forest and Stream : 1AM enclosing a picture of a flying squirrel caught by the camera in the act of leaving his nest which might be of interest to the readers of your excellent journal. J. B. Pardoe, New Jersey. HELP FEED THE QUAIL To the Editor of Forest and Stream: T HEARTILY endorse Charles Sherwood 1 regarding a bounty on all kinds of ver- min. I know it would be a great help in increasing the birds but I wish to add a little more. The grouse covers are fast fading away, that is their feeding trees, namely black birch, sweet acorn, spi’uce and the chestnut. Before the chestnut blight started the grouse were very plentiful. I have run onto a great number of grouse that were down and out from eating the blighted chestnuts, effecting them so that their livers were so diseased you could pull them apart very easily. Owing to their poor condi- tion they were easy prey for vermin. As for the quail, some 30 years ago most of our fields were enclosed by the old Ken- tucky rail fences. In plowing these fields the farmer never got any nearer than three feet on either side. This allowed the hazel brush and weeds to grow up. When the winds and snows started, this fence acted as a shield so the snow drifted on the north, leaving the south side with a nice sheltered canopy for a sun parlor and feeding ground for the quail. Today the wire fences have taken the place of those old rail fences and the quail have some hard times. How many of us on arising in the morning and find- ing the ground covered wfith snow and a crust of sleet, ever put on the old rig, take the dog, place a bag of feed on our backs and sail forth to feed those little fellows, that we think so much about in the fall when the going is good and we want to show our friends the good work of our dogs? You can pass laws, and then more laws, but you will never save the quail unless you help fill their crops. Come now, lets all be good sports and cast away our selfishness. If they are good enough to hunt, lets go the limit and help them through the winters. Its a poor sport who won’t go afield with a bag of grain and forget the gun for a while. F. W. Wackford, Connecticut. THE COOING FISH To the Editor of Forest and Stream: I JUST read an article in the March number of Forest and Stream of what seemed to be a strange experience of W. R. Wood, of Canada about a fish taken at Dickie’s Lake in Hastings County, On- tario making a strange moaning sound somewhat like the cooing of a dove. I found the same kind of a fish in a small river in southern Alabama. The fish is known there as the Croaker and ranges in size from 1 to 2 pounds. It is not good for food. J. W. Hembree, Princeton, Ind. To the Editor of Forest and Stream : Mr. W. R. WOOD’S expei’ience with cooing lake trout encourages me to cast away my prudent silence and tell of a somewhat similar experience. In Au- gust, 1917, when up White Brook, near Bethel, Me., I hooked an eight-inch brook trout which came off the hook as soon as I had landed him. He went flopping down a thirty foot rock slide with a pool at the bottom. I was in close pursuit but it looked as if he would get away when he hit a bump and I grabbed him. To my astonishment the trout let out a harsh little squeally squeak. I have not heard anyone speak of vocal trout till I read Mr. Wood’s letter in your March num- ber. Maybe no one dared to. If so, I wish they would speak up. George S. Hastings, Washington, D. C. We received a letter recently signed A. V. Loving. If that gentleman ivill kindly send us his address we will be very glad to answer his letter. — [Edi- tors.] 228 t: FORES T A N 1) S T U E A M May, 1919 LIKE OLD TIMES Does Nol Shake the Boat Wiite for oata- log and full in- formation. I> e a 1 e r a and agent.' wanted. We also make an Inboard Engine tui small Imat.s and (• a ti o e s . f'ireular .^0 tells all about it. it will seem to get back once summer camp and lake and sadly neglected while the hoys were away. It will be like old times to glide swiftly and smoothly over the water, with all cares left behind. A Koban motor frees you from the labor of rowing — and and as to speed THE KOBAN WILL RUN AWAY FROM OTHER ROW- MOTOR. Easily attached to any row- boat— in a few minutes. THE GREAT 2-CYLINDER OW good more to river, so ANY BOAT KOBAN ROWBOAT MOTOR The 2-cylinder op- posed construction ab- solutely removes the continual vibra- tion which makes riding unpleasant, opens seams ami ruins rowboats. Spe- cial tilting device for shal’ow water and bea hing. KOBAN MFC. CO. 229 South Water St. Milwaukee, Wis. OVER HERE AND OVER COMFORT CAMP PILLOWS are so cool ami yielding that the most restful, beneficial sleep is assured. These pillows have removable wash covers and are SANITARY VERMIN and WATERPROOF. Will last for years, and when tleflated can be carried in your pocket. 'Hie only practical pillow for all uses. Three Sizes: 11 x Ifi— $2.25, 10 x 21— $2.75. 17 X 2fi — $2.50. Postpaid anywhere in U. S. A. Satisfaction is guaranteed or money refunded. Catalog Free. ^'METROPOLITAN AIR GOODS’' KSTAHLISIIEI) 1891 Made Only By Athol Manufacturing Co.. Athol, Mass. ■FicHE^f^N'S r •'^RADISH % Ml Located on chain of six Lakes. Best r ^ Black Bass, Pickerel. Mackinaw Trout, Musky fl.shing in Mich. Tn a network of Trout Streams (all varieties). Finest loathing Beach. Perfect Sanitary conditions. Stone and I-ong T^ungalow Pin ng rr m. Write for bofiklct. H. D. SMITH. Bellaire. Mich. SALMON“TlSHTNG WANT E D FOR FOUR RODS C . L . YOUNG 96 Broadway New York AT CRANBERRY LAKE , NEXT TO CATCHING FISH ONESELF COMES THE PLEASURE ' OF WATCHING A MASTERFUL EXPONENT OF THE ART By C. P. MORRIS HE writer is indebted to Forest and Stream for a most enjoyable outing in the Adiron- dacks, for which op- portunity is here taken to make grate- f u 1 acknowledgment. Perusing its always interesting p ages, with the call of the wild beckoning, and vacation days at hand, my eye fell upon an advertisement, couched in most attractive style, of a quiet, restful inn in the heart of the Adirondacks, in whose neighborhood could be found the greatest trout fishing in American waters. An ardent patron of this king of out- door sports since my early boyhood days, when prime tackle consisted of sapling rod, white cord and bent pin, I deter- mined to let my own lad of eleven years feel the thrill of catching his first trout, as I had many years before, which joy- ous experience is still ineffacably im- pressed upon my memory; and I must even confess that it was to feel that fascinating thrill once more myself, af- ter a long inactive period, that I deter- mined to visit Cranberry Lake. It is fair to say that perhaps half the joy of every fishing trip is in the antici- pation, for the realization often holds setbacks and disappointments, in which connection my own case, as to anticipa- tion, was no exception to the rule, and I lived in a paradise of genuine joy in the selection of equipment for the trip. The springy rod and click reel, the invisible leaders, the Hackles, Griz- zly Kings, Golden Spinners, Silver Doc- tors, Montreals and all the other lures to tempt the wary denizens of the forest streams and ponds. All prepared, we arrived at Childwold a station on the Adirondack and Mon- treal Division of the New York Central one misty morning very early. Thence to Conifer, a lumber station about a mile down the Grasse River Railroad. We had a very pretty ride along the Grasse River, really a good sized brook, the mere sight of which with its clear, cool, tumbling waters, breaking in rest- less rifts into quiet, deep, shady pools over rock strewn terraces, heightened my eager desire to get at the sport. One felt like holding up the train long enough to make a cast here and there in “likely holes” for there could be no doubt as to the trout being there. But we had to restrain impetuosity and bide our time until we got our boots on at least, and they were in the bottom of the trunk. Arriving at Cranberry Lake, a mag- nificent sight presented itself to view. A great stretch of the northern wing of the lake, reflecting an azure sky. nestling among the deep chrome green hills, fringed in the distance with blue mountain ridges, lay before us, with here and there a tiny island of perfect sym- metry dotting the expanse of water. And hardly more than a stone’s throw from the wharf at the village of Cran- berry, the waters of the lake tumble over a dam to form the source of the lower Oswegatchie River, coursing its irregular, turbulent but beautiful way through valley and glen to the St. Law- rence. A number of beautiful streams, full of small trout, flow into the lake, but fishing therein is prohibited by the Game Conservation Commission. These streams are annually stocked with trout from the State hatcheries, where they remain to grow large enough to take care of themselves, and then pass on to deeper waters. During the month of August the large lake trout, of which there is an abundance, move up into the spring holes where the brooks come into the lake, and readily take the fly at these places. Here the water is cooler and more food, washed down. by the streams, is available for them. That arm of the lake known as “Brandy Brook” is a beautiful reach, probably a mile long, gradually tapering from 400 yards at its outermost point to five yards where the brook comes in. Beneath old water soaked logs along the wooded shores, the speckled beauties hide dur- ing the day, but may be seen “breaking” here and there, the full length of the reach at feeding time, early in the morning or late in the evening. I sat in a boat in the center of this reach one fine evening along toward dusk casting alternately right and left, but half facing the right shore, expect- ing a strike from that quarter. Much to my astonishment, at the very moment of “picking up” to make my right hand cast I heard a splash behind me, and seemingly my line was fast in a snag. Instantly wheeling around I saw my line whizzing up stream like a flash, and a moment later I landed a two pound buck-trout of rare beauty. Seven more, varying from one-half to one and a half pounds taken in quick succession gave me some sport long to be remem- bered. Next to catching fish myself, I took real pleasure in watching Rudy Hayes, a native guide, and masterful exponent of the art of casting. As he came up the reach in his canoe, the only sound from the tiny craft was the swishing of the rod, which sounded not unlike the call of the whip-poor-will. So deftly did he cast that his flies would land on the water like thistle down, without the semblance of a splash, beside an old stump here and a sunken log there, at least seventy-five or eighty feet ahead of him, while his line continually formed (CONTINUED ON PAGE 234) :\iAY, 1919 FOREST A X D S T R E A M 229 I I A Page for the Bass Enthusiast to Study O INCE your angling satisfaction is so surely gauged by the character of your equipment, it is obviously the part of wisdom to select Abbey & Imbrie tackle at the start. Abbey & Imbrie tackle, nationally dominant for 99 years, places you angling on the basis of assured enjoyment to which you are entitled. It protects you wdth proven quality of materials, with peerless workmanship, with broad variety — with a trade-mark which stands for utmost tackle serviceability. Abbey & Imbrie tackle is the best that is made. If you accept anything less you lower your ang- ling standards and that, we know, is not your intention. ITVIte for the new Abbey & Imbrie cat- alog, the most valuable and songht-for book issued for anglers and the trade. ABBEY & IMBRIE Division cf Baker, Murray & Imbrie, Inc. 15-17 Warren Street NEW YORK 3x} ^3yucihxij^. ft 230 F O R K S T A XI) S T R K A :\I May, 1919 UOiX3(3iie3tXXitXXXXK3aX3if^ IMPORTED HOSffiRY For Golf, Tennis and Sport Wear iN ATTRACTIVE DESIGNS FOR MEN AND WOMEN 1 A Finest Scotch Wool Sooks in WhUe, IIU* IV Kavy, Beathers, Black, Oiay, Brovn. Green, Khaki, White with colored clocks, 1 CA & large assortment of fancy pau^ms, a pair ISIa 1 Men’8 Finest Scotch Wool Golf Stock- ings, in Green, Gray, BroT;west Prices. Money-Back Guarantee. 37 West 125th St.. New York City THE SPORTSMAN BUYER WHAT HE EXPECTS FROM THE MAN WHO SELLS HIM HIS EQUIPMENT FOR THE WOODS AND STREAMS • By EDWARD RUSSELL WILBUR A WELL KNOWN Banker in the city of New York is an ardent fisherman; every hour that he can spare from his busy life finds him on some one of his favorite streams, or with heavier tackle in search of the game fishes of the sea. With him it is not all of fishing, to fish. His evenings he spends arrang- ing and inspecting his splendid collec- tion of trout and salmon flies and in the varnishing and care of his many rods and reels. A friend, as enthusiastic and a fre- quent companion on most of his outings, came to him one day in mid-winter, when fishing was but an anticipation, and said. “Ned, I’ve made a find, I’ve found a man who can sell fishing tackle and throw in a fishing trip with every rod he sells.” So the banker and his friend forswore the matinee and the club room for the fishing tackle depart- ment of a well known sporting-goods store, where a salesman sells, entertains and instructs them, and satisfies that longing for the stream and sea during the months of close season. Did you ever happen to meet such a man? Have you ever visited a store where the very air stirred with a shift- ing April breeze; where you could be- lieve the singing reel carried a line with a nice trout on the fly? Did you ever see a salesman lay out a line on the marble floor as if it were a dark pool, where a break and a flash of gold and silver brought back many happy days? There are such, and yet again there are cold spaces of shelves and shining cases where the flies are feathers and the rods are wood and glue, and the salesman who looks on only an auto- maton who parades his wares simply as merchandise and his services as con- descension. A darky once convicted of murder was on his way to be executed; as he entered the death chamber, his eyes fell on the gruesome chair and the silent execu- tioner in the dim light. Turning to the attendant preacher he said, “You all sho’ am going to teach this nigger a les- son.” Many a sad lesson has been taught the prospective buyer who puts himself in the hands of a salesman who thinks success lies along the lines of a “hold up,” so far as possible, when an amateur comes along. “Yes, sir! I know just what you want,” he says and then he gives you a rod for this, and a rod for that, and a spare rod if both the others break down, about six dozen flies, they are so pretty in assorted colors, a bait pail, and a creel holding about 20 lbs., and another small one, nice for lunch and a few fish. “Bet- ter take along a couple of worm boxes, and a hatchet to kill w’orms and clear away the brush.” and so he rambles on. “How long will you be away? About three days, that’s fine, a rod for each day and can’t I sell you a trunk for your reels and fishhooks!” My, but that salesman sure did teach him a lesson. Forest and Stream believes it to be well within the province of a sports- men’s publication to better conditions in every way possible for sportsmen, and this angle of service and salesmanship is one that can be remedied. A FIRST class sporting-goods store has always stood in a community as a link between the outdoors and the busy man; he expects atmosphere, not the air of the sordid department store and its bargain sales. He feels it desecration to bargain sale his be- loved rods and tackle. He expects the store to stand as a sort of temple to the shrine of Nimrod and Isaac Walton, where the blazed trail of the pioneers crosses the busy boulevard, and where in a professional capacity the sporting goods salesman, acts as a confessor and friend. With this issue of Forest and Stream comes the opening of the brook trout season. All over the land there will be a going over of tackle and a replenish- ing or the purchasing of a complete out- fit. The man selling fishing tackle will have much to do toward making your initial outing a success. You will enjoy going over with him the finer points of a new rod, one that, light of weight, will carry out the line and lay the flies deftly under the bank where a nice trout is waiting. You will take up the question of flies with him, not for an assortment of col- ors but in relation to the particular merits of the wet and dry flies. Every time that salesman unwinds the line on the reel he shows you, it sings of the blue sky, the pussy-willows and the blood-root blossoms. Forest and Stream has in course of preparation a booklet for free distribu- tion among sporting goods salesmen, “The A B C of Sporting Goods Salesmanship.” America’s leading sporting goods retail- ers and their expert salesmen have writ- ten what the buyer has a right to e.x- pect, and Forest and Stream believes this little help will go far toward bring- ing the salesman and the sportsman into closer contact w'ith one another. The service the sportsman has a right to expect, must be expert service. He has a right to expect correct answers as to how to make ef- fective leader knots; how to fasten the line; how to splice and in a measure re- pair a broken rod. He expects to get an enthusiastic re- sponse to his appreciation of the rod he is handling, a cold unsmiling sales- man would kill the music in a rippling stream, and make a little 2 oz. rod feel (continued on page 234) May, 1919 FOREST AND STREAIVl 231 Look to your laurels Brother Trapshooter. Two million gun-wise soldiers, justly proud of their gunskill, are now coming back to prove their prowess. TRAPSHOOTING will soon be in full blast and greater than ever. The soldier knows. He “loves” a gun. The call of the big outdoors, the call of the traps, rings like music in his ears. Gun clubs in almost every city of this country will be the headquarters for this war’s veterans. Better improve your own skill now. Be ready to compete at the traps with the man who has worn the khaki. Just-out-of-the-service-men and men in every walk of life keep up your shooting. If there is no gun club in your town, start one. We’ll tell you how: Write Sporting Powder Division E. I. DU PONT DE NEMOURS & COMPANY ESTABLISHED 1802 WILMINGTON, DEL. Plants, Warehouses, and Sales Offices in principal business centers The Principal du Pont Products are: Explosives : Industrial, Agricultural and Sporting. Chemicals : Pyroxylin Solutions, Ethers, Bronzing Liquids, Coal Tar Distillates, Commercial Acids, Alums, etc. Leather Substitutes: Fabrikoid Upholstery, Rayntite Top Material, Fairfield Rubber Cloth. Pyroxylin Plastics: Ivory, Shell and Transparent Py-ra-lin, Py-ra-lin Specialties, Challenge Cleanable Collars and Cuffs. Paints and Varnishes: For Industrial and Home Uses. Pigments and Colors in Oil: For Industrial Uses. Lithopone : For Industrial Uses. Stains Fillers, Lacquers and Enamels: For Industrial and Home Uses. Dyestuffs : Coal Tar Dyestuffs and Intermediates. For full information address: Advertising Division, E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington, Delaware. Home-2,000,000 Marksmen! 232 FOREST A \ 1) S T R E A M May, 1919 KEEPS FOOD COOL | ON YOUR OUTING JJlAGliSiE how pleased you would be oa your next out- ing if you could serve your salad and sandwiches, crisp and cool; your beverages cold and all the food fresh as can be. ^ PICNIC REFRIGERATOR makes all this possible. Built the same as the finest refrigerator, it keeps food coo 136 hours on one filling of ice. The Hawkeye Picnic Refrigerator is very durably and finely constructed and will give perfect satisfaction. Can be obtained in several, different sizes for individual use, orforparties and automobile use. rREE-‘OUTERS MENUS’ Send for this booklet of tasty menus and receipes suggestive for outings, picnic and auto parties— and telling about our 30 day free trial offer. Burlington Basket Co. Dept. R. 1510 Hawkeye Bldg. Burlington, Iowa MdommCaiwel Fresh air, good fishing— and a fleet of "Old Towns” make a successful outing. Outdoor life made the brain and brawn that brought victory to our soldiers. Spend your vacation in the open, angling, shooting, exploring in an "Old Town” for the pleasure and good exercise it gives. “Old Town” Canoes are built light but sturdy to stand the strain. Speedy and trim. Why rent when you can own an "Old Town”? Send for catalog. OLD TOWN CANOE CO. 895 Fourth St, Old Town, Maine Raise Hares For Us Immense profit* easily and quickly made. We furni.sh stork and pay $2.00 each am: expressage when three month? old. Con- tracts. booklet, etc., 10c. Nothing free. Thorson Rabbit Co., Dept. 9, Aurora, Colorado. SHOT GUN ACCURACY DOUBLE BARRELS DO NOT SHOOT TRUE TO THE LINE OF AIM ALONG THE RIB By L. MITCHELL-HENRY The importance of correct gun fitting is now thoroughly established and most sportsmen, especially in Eng- land have their gunstocks fitted or al- tered to the measurements determined on by the expert of a shooting school. I have personally paid many visits to many of these schools of instruction in England and have always come away with the feeling that I would never “miss’ again, which feeling was cruelly crushed when put to the real test. I had often noticed I was better at birds flying to the right than to the left with one gun and often the reverse with another gun of exactly the same dimensions of stock, weight of gun, amount of choke, etc. I then proceeded to try to find a reason for this and have satisfied myself as to the cause, which briefly is, that the barrels of shot guns do not shoot true with the linei of aim along the rib, but the charge crosses the line of aim, the right barrel shooting to the left and the left to the right owing to the “tubes” as they are called in the trade, being laid together wider at the breech than at the muzzle, in other words, they con- verge. For the purpose of these experi- ments I used a pigeon gun of extreme choke. I have been assured by the first bar- rel borer in London that shot gun bar- rels are always straight. The breeches and muzzles are then laid together, a slight flat' being filed on the inside of each muzzle, the barrels are then laid to converge, and are packed between and soldered together. It stands, therefore, to reason that the shot charges must cross at some distance from the muzzle, and that taking a line down the rib through the foresight to the object, there can only be one spot at which the centre of both charges will meet, after which each charge will be thrown across the line of aim. Using a French invention of a tube about 9 inches long which fits the bar- rels of a 12-bore very exactly and shoots the .22 rifle cartridge, I found the bul- lets “centred” at about 3 yards from the muzzles, and at 15 yards, the right barrel shot 4 inches to the left of the centre of the bull’s eye, and the left shot the same distance to the right. Carefully trying the left with 114- ounces of No. 6 shot at 40 yards, I found the centre of the charge hit over 2 feet to the right of the mark aligned upon, this being so, it is easy to understand how an object going straight away is missed at 40 yards or over. I had the barrels of this gun taken apart, and wedges of different sizes put between them. At first I got the centres at the breech and muzzles the same distance apart with the result that the .22 bullets shot II2 inches at 25 yards to the sides of the bull’s eye, but each barrel kept to its own side, namely, the right shot 114 inches to the right and the left 1% inches to the left of the bull’s eye. I gradually reduced the wedges till I got both barrels to the centre at 40 yards, this being accomplished by separating the barrels about 14 of an inch at the muzzles. The barrels of the gun in ques- tion have been so much forced apart and pulled about that I cannot be sure that the tubes are any longer straight, but as they are at present, they “centre” at 40 yards. I am, of course, aware that the tubes can be made to steer the shot in any direction. By pinching them together a few inches from the chambers, they can be made to throw the charge outward to counteract the crossing. By wedging them apart in the middle, the charges of shot would cross more than ever. In either of those cases, the barrels would not be straight, but I am going on the assurance that the tubes always are straight, and are laid to converge. If, on the other hand, the barrels w'ere laid with the centres of the bores at the muzzles the same distance apart as the centres at the breech, in other words, if the barrels were laid parallel, then the line of aim along the rib would only cause an error of the distance from the foresight to the centre of the bore. This, however, would be constant, and the cen- tre of the charge at all distances would only be say % of an inch to the right or left of the object aimed at, according to which barrel was fired. This would mean that the object would be practically in the centre of the charge, whereas with this particular gun of mine, it was quite impossible, before alteration, to hit an object going straight away, with the left barrel, if the gun was held straight on it at 40 yards' or over. I have tried sev- eral guns wdth the same result, and in one case I convinced a very well-known maker who makes a specialty of Pigeon guns that a gun of his shot straight with the left at 30 yards — i. e., that the left barrel was laid parallel with the rib, but the right shot considerably to the left. With the gun just referred to, the stock would have been “cast off” until the charge was centered on the object aimed at, in other words, the error of the alignment of the barrel would have been corrected by alteration to the stock, and once that was right, the left bari'el would have been considered as equally perfect, but the shooter would shoot to the right with this barrel. I think this also accounts for the fact, above referred to — viz., that often when a stock is copied exactly from another gun, the gun is found not to be a suc- cess in the field. These experiments incline me to see the advantage in the “Under and Over” system, as the under barrel could be made to shoot high for the second shot. Doubtless there is nothing new in all this, but I would be glad to know of the experience of others. May, 1919 FOR E S T A \ D S T R E A :M 233 40- Pound Musky Busts His Teeth on a PFLUEGER “LOWE-STAR" Spoon — Many fishing authorities say the musky loses his teeth each year. Dixie Carroll, the well known angling author, says: "From many sea- sons’ study of the musky of Wisconsin and Minnesota waters, I find that, as a rule, the musky loses every other tooth of the front row of dagger pointed teeth during the hot days of August.” This husky forty-pounder never waited until August — he could not resist the dash- ing, twirling invitation of the Pflueger “Lowe-Star” Spoon — he struck it with the driving, dashing strike that makes the heart of the fisher- man beat like blazes. And he sure wanted that spoon, hitting with force enough to break his teeth and bend the Lowe-Star No. i-o nearly double. Some lure, fellow, to make a musky hit it a crack like that. “Lowe -Star’’ Spoons Make ’Em Fightin’ Mad There is a Pflueger Lowe-Star Spoon for every kind of fighting game fish — there never was another spoon that fairly makes ’em crazy to strike. The peculiar twirl and flash of the silver, gold and red of the Lowe-Star is a fighting challenge all game fish accept in any waters under any weather conditions — it is just like waving a red flag in front of a bull. If you wish to enjo}' the real thrills of playing the scrappers of the game fish fatnily — hav- ing them strike because they are fighting mad and not just filling the stomach — don’t go fish- ing without a selection of Pflueger “Lowe-Star” Spoons. Equally as attractive for casting or trolling — great for bass, pike, pickerel and musky — they coax the worth-while fight out of the old “he-fish” of the tribe. It’s the something different movement and flash that wakes them up. Every time you say, “Give me Pflueger’s Bull-dog Brand Tackle’’ to your dealer you take no chances You get the best that skill and experience can put into tackle. Every piece of fishing tackle made by Pfluegers is of the highest quality materials, perfect in workmanship and passes a rigid test before leaving the factory. It must be “just right” before the Pflueger Guarantee “without time limit” is placed upon it for your tackle protection. Learn Something New About Fishing for Bass, Pike, Musky, Trout and the Walleye There is a copy of Pflueger’s Tips on Tackle wait- ing for you and it is chuck full of articles by the leading angling authorities on game fishing, habits and peculiarities of the fish, and how to land them with bait and fly. Tips on Tackle makes a dandy ad- dition to your angling library. It will make your fishin’ better, costs you nothing but the request. Write for it today. IF YOUR DEALER happens to be om of stock on Pflueger Lowe-otar bpoons or any Pflueger “Bull-Dog” Brand tackle that you want, send direct to us. There is nothing “just as good” that can take the place of any Pflueger tackle. For your fishin’s sake get the best — that means Pflueger tackle, made by the largest tackle manu- facturers in the country. Tackle that has stood the test of time — fifty-five years making tackle that is guaranteed. ENTERPRISE MFG. COMPANY AKRON Dept. 21 OHIO 234 F ORES T A X I) S T REAM May, 1919 “I like you, Jim, but your Cream is no good,” said a traveling salesman friend of mine the other day — and he meant it. Claimed he had been giving Metmes’s Shaving Cream a fair trial for a week, and it fell short of my claims about 103%. “Try it once more,” I said. “And I'll buy you a dinner if you haven’t changed your mind. ” I watched him carefully. He squeezed out enough cream for three shaves and brushed it for 39 seconds by the watch, using a scant brushful of water. “Wash it off!” I said. “You are making paste — not lather. Start all over.” Then I took charge. He started with about one-half inch of cream and all the water his brush would hold. As soon as a lather was whipped up, he kept adding water until he had built a lather as light as beaten whites of eggs. He worked this lather in nvith the brush for three full mi.iutes. Say! I wish you could have seen the expression of dawning appreciation that showed in his eyes as the old scythe began to sing through the stubble. “Gosh! Jim,” he said, after the first over, “I haven’t had such a shave since that old darkv head barber at the Planters' Hotel retired, fifteen years ago.” Tm elling this story because it would be too bad for anyone to lose a life-time of jdeas- »nt Mennen shaves by getting prejudiced at the start because of a wrong method of using it. THE WINNING COMBINATION The combination which can always be depended upon to get more fish than others--and in less time. With this ideal set, you can be sure that every cast is perfect; never a back- lash. When your bait hits the water — it is sure to irresistably attract every fish that is near, THE BASS-ORENO BAIT is the most alluring, vivacious, tantalizing plug imaginable. It's peculiarty erratic dart, it’s sharp dash and swift dives com- pel the big gamey fellows to fight One dozen different colors have been originat- ed to meet all conditions. Live dealers can show you all the dozen colors. One of the best investments you have ever made— 75c each— wi7/i single detachable snap-eye or regular treble hooks. Never a backlash, no snarles, no tangles, positively no thumbing — and with the SOUTH BEND ANTI-BACK- LASH REEL you get a written unlimited time guaran- tee. These are tne outstanding features of this wonderful reel. Forty thousand ang- lers find that it adds immeasurably to theirsport— and to their results. Makes every cast perfect— day or night. Easy for the beginner and easier for the expert Anti-Back-Lash feature does not retard line the least bit until bait actually hits the water. Spool stops immediately — just start reeling in. Ask your dealed to see this wonderful jeweled reel. FREE— THE DAYS OF REAL SPORT A delightful story of boyhood fishing days with “Pa”, illustrated by Briggs, also shows complete line of South Bend Quality Tackle. Send dealers name for it. SOUTH BEND BAIT CO. 10287 COLFAX AVE.. SOUTH BEND. IND. Send me copy of the Days of Real Sport Name — Address Hunting and Fishing Preserve 5,000 acres of finest game and fishing country, within 100 miles of Toronto. ^^'elI wooded with Beach, Maple, Oak, Ash, Pine and Spruce. Has one lake mile long by half mile wide alive with Bass. Pour smaller Iqkes with Brook Trout. Brook Trout stream runs for four miles through jiroperty. Excellent fishing. Game, Rabbits, Part- ridge, Musk-rats, Mink, Otter, Beaver and plenty of Deer. Ideal camp site on smaller lake. Taxes merely nominal. One of the most ideal fishing and game properties in Ontario. Now offered at $6.00 an acre en bloc. N. H. WILSON 69 Bay St., Toronto Rest in one of my comfortable cabins, in the wilds of Pike Co., Rockbound Camp, Glen Eyre, Pa., A. W. LeRoy. AT CRANBERRY LAKE (continued from page 228) an elongated letter “S” over his head. A three pound trout struck from be- neath an old log, and he missed. With wonderful dexterity and precision he placed the fly in exactly the same spot. The trout struck five times on five suc- cessive casts, leaping clear of the water each time with a vicious lunge at the fly. About this time Mr. Trout de- cided that the pretty looking Montreal for wihch he was jumping was nothing he cared for and ceased his labors. But I saw Rudy land a dozen nice ones soon * thereafter, and \ had witnessed a show you don’t see every day, and cheap at any price. Rudy could not make out why I pre- ferred to fish a stream and catch seven inch trout rather than to sit in a canoe and catch two-pounders casting, but they are distinct branches of the sport, both alluring. I cannot conceive of anything ap- proaching nearer the ideal, than to fol- low a beautiful mountain stream, how- ever difficult its passage. There is something fascinating about the rip- pling, gurgling stream, with its rifts, pools and falls, coursing through the wilderness of Nature’s Domain — the moss covered rocks and logs and over- hanging trees, surmounted with the tense interest of watching your line straighten out witl) a sharp tug as a hungry trout darts out and back. Even the wading of the stream holds a subtle charm, completely lost in pond or open water fishing, not by any means to dis- parage this end of the sport, and need- less to say I availed myself of the chance to fish a number of beautiful streams nearby, with splendid success, during my stay. And while back in the harness for another year’s work I cherish the memory of trout fishing days at Cranberry Lake. THE SPORTSMAN BUYER (CONTINUED FROM PAGE 230) almost as clumsy as a railroad tie. The buying sportsman has a right to expect something more from a salesman than what would come to him from a butcher selling pork chops. He anti- cipates much of the pleasure of the woods and streams in his getting together of the tackle and the duffle for his long looked for play-day. He wants per- sonality, magnetism, sympathy, enthus- iasm, of course he wants courtesy but that always goes among gentlemen. One fine New York store appreciates this sentiment to such a degree that be- fore you are aware, the salesman has you in a real log cabin far above the busy streets, where he puts the little rod together and invites you out on the roof to lay the line across a pool of real water, while the gulls from the harbor wheel screaming overhead. The sportsman expects to be advised in an intelligent manner as to the cor- rect outfit he needs. Aldrcvs Candidly, our files contain a few letters eomplatnwg -uhowt Mennen’s, butoiir shipping receipts sliow that every morning considerably more than a million men use Mennen’s — right — and like it. {Mennen Salesman) Send 12c. for my Demon- strator Tube. J. H. JIM HENRY, House of Mennen, 42 OrangeSt., Newark, N.J. Dear Jim; I promise to follow instructions -plenty ol water — no rubbing with fingers. Send me a demonstrator tube. 1 enclose 12 cent». Name May, 1919 FOREST AND S T R E A M 23 When you’re going after the big ones, the first requi- site for success is dependable tackle. Dependability of tackle and attractiveness of baits are the Wilson qualities that have won the favor of experienced fish- ermen. Black bass— ^t;e pounders, full of fight— and. the big- gest muskies and pike — stand a slim chance of getting away when you fish with Wilson Tackle — Absolutely Dependable 'The Wilson line is complete, including Rods, Reels, Silk and Linen Lines, Import- ed Hooks, Trout and Bass Flies, Baits, Landing Nets, Tackle Boxes, Minnow Buckets, etc. Leading Hardware and Sporting Goods Dealers sell and guarantee Wilson Fishing Tackle. Wilson Catalog of Fishing Tackle and Camp Equipment — F R E E Write for this valuable book today. Address Thos. E. Wilson & Co., 700-710 N. Sangamon St., Chicago. NEW YORK Thos. E.Wi ISON & Co. 236 1’ O li ]•: S T A XI) S T li !•: A M May, 1919 Spend Your Vacation in Uamp-Jt Put an outfit of Kampit clothes in your vacation luggage this year. Enjoy the freedom of movement they afford, their comfort and protection. Put ’em on and you’ll forget the thought of clothes. And yet there’s a style to Kampit for lovers of camp- ing, fishing, tramping, riding — a sort of style that they themselves have put into them. For Kampit clothes were designed by sportsmen for sportsmen. A closely woven khaki cloth made into a variety of garments — hats, coats, middies, skirts, trousers, leggins. Many styles to choose from. At your sporting goods dealer. Free 1919 Style Book. Here Kampit, Utica and Duxbab, clothes are fully illustrated and described and you’ll find many a suggestion for your vacation clothes needs. Vx Utica-Duxbak Corporation V 10 Hickory St. Utica, N. Y. Mr. L. Dana Chapman of the Wm. Read Co., Boston, Mass., in his article I written expressly for Forest and I Strea.m’s “A B C of Sporting Goods Salesmanship,” says: “In considering the question of ang- ler’s equipment I divide the different methods of fresh-water angling, accord- ing to the fish and recommend for: Bait Fishing for Trout. A fairly stiff rod and if for stream work one not over 9% or 10 ft. in length, reel to hold 25 yds. of a dark soft line not enamelled. Short leader. Sprout (generally) hook, size 6 or 8 if worms are used, and No. 1 or 2 if a minnow is the bait. A short handle net hooked to the belt or pocket, creel on shoulder, wading boots, and the out- fit is complete. Fly Fishing for Trout. Fly rod 8% to 9% ft. and of 4 to 5 oz. weight. Single action reel, 35 yds. of enamelled line of a weight to fit the rod. Leader single gut with loops for three flies (one is better) and for flies • the sizes 6 down to 12, according to the character of the water -to be fished. A landing net is indispensable with a light rod as the fish must never to be lifted above the level of the water by the rod. For Dry Fly fishing a stiffer rod should be used, heavy line with taper and fine leaders with one fly only. Trolling. The rod recommended should be about 8 ft. long with extra grasp above handle, and about 8 oz. in weight, stiff enough to hold 75 to 100 ft. of line behind the boat without straining, but not so stiff but that it will render good action when the fish is hooked, 100 yds. line, water proofed, but not of necessity enamelled; 4V2 ft. leader with swivel, sinker if deep trolling is practiced. For baits their name is legion, but a single hook 2/0 to 4/0 S.S. Aberdeen is the best with a minnow attached.” IN the heart of the greatest city in the world, on its busiest avenue a florest shop, in the summer days, had at its open door some flow-ering shrubs. The shop was walled in on all sides by the skyscrapers of cement and stone, only a patch of blue sky and a shaft of sunlight reaching the passer-by, and yet bees were busily working in the blos- soms, winging their way to and fro be- I yond the city' walls, making honey for the winter’s store. An old, white haired gentleman, wist- fully watched them come and go. “That carries me back to my boyhood days, to the old bee tree in the orchard. I won- der if these bees go back to the farm. I can see the clover lot in blossom now,” I and he looked away toward the patch of blue sky. And so my reader, you can be made to look out of the big windows of the I sporting goods store beyond the crowded ! street, beyond the rod and reel the sales- man shows, to the green meadow brook, and the willow fringed pool. You can : hear the chattering kingfishes dispute with you his right to the pool. “Why yes! I’ll take that rod, I had no idea it was so late, good night, I’m • going home.” May, 1919 FORES T AND S T R E A M 237 Pork Rind Converts! I would rather take one fish on an A1 Foss Pork Rind Minnow, than six on a plug. I fish for fun. . HARRY EBY, NAPPANEE, IND. On a trip to the Rideau Lakes mj- guide loaned me one of your Oriental Wigglers. It saved me live dollars’ worth of live minnows and gave me ten times that amount of genuine sport. H. V. Owens, Rochester, X. Y. Your lures are the best I have ever used. W. C. Johnson, New York, X’. Y. Last Fall while casting the Oriental Wiggler at Brackets Lake, I landed more pickerel than twelve other anglers combined; Bob Palmer, Afton, X". Y. I would recommend the Little Egypt Wiggler as the best pickerel bait obtainable. E. P. Buzzard, Bangor, Pa. It is my first choice among Yi gross of baits I have col- lected. C. Haight, Luzerne, Pa. \our Pork Rind Minnows are all you claim for them, and last year I practically discarded all other lures. H. L. Williams, Columbus, Ga. The best artiticial bait I have run across. J. W. Cole, Elgin, III. On a fishing excursion one night this week, I caught nine lake bass in the Cuyahoga River at Troy. It is my understanding that this species of bass rarely, if ever, strike an artificial bait. C. H. Riegel, Warren, O. Enclosed please find check for $5.00 for which kindly send me five No. 4 Red White Oriental Wigglers. Have thrown all the rest of my baits away. F. E. Hewitt, Grimsby, Can. You have the best lure on the market. Have just re- turned from Florida and the results surprised me. I have been converted and will throw the other junk away. H. W. Quinn, Washington, Ga. My Little Egypt Wiggler has done steady work, much better than an}- plugs I used against it, and greatly prefer it to any plug I have ever used. B. L. Bowen, Columbus, O, If I had to give up your little Oriental Wiggler I would not go fishing again. H. ^I. Harris, .\lachua, Pla. Tried one of your wigglers Sunda>- and had better suc- cess than a dozen other fishermen put together. Elmer E. Baddenhague, X’^eilsville, Wis. They All Swear by A1 Foss Pork Rind Minnows Cont4nue to have good luck witli your lures and look forward to a busy time with tljem ihis season. Kdw. Ball, Burlington. Wis. Am very well pleased with your baits. I often- times fill my creel where bass and red eyes re- fu.so to take minnows or crawfish. Alfred Clay. I’aris, Ivjc Have discarded all iny wootlen plugs ami am using only your bait and Skinner spoon hook. If. M. Johnson. Kau Claire. Wis. Had splendid luck witli your Pork Kind Min- nows last year so am going out without any other artificial bait at all this year. H. T. Hutchinson. Humboldt. la. I have been having repeateil success with your I*ork KIml Minnows on the Wal>ash River — small mouth bass. t’has. IIuss, Bluffton, Ind. I feel tha: I am wasting time when I use other baits. A. Ix Saunders. Winona Lake. Ind. Your baits ran so far ahead of others that there cart be no comparison. Ceo. K. Seibert. Auburn. N. Y. Your l)ail is a datidy. I caught more fish in two week.s with it than all the others of he party combined, and there were five of them iLsIng d fferent kinds of plugs. S. L. Kldred, No. Pownal. Vt. I caught around GOO bass down here (Florida) la^t winter, all on your lures, run short of them and hail 'o go to Tampa for more as the local dealer did not have them. Fretl B. Cooney, Barl>ertnn. Ohio. I used your contrivance at»d pork rind strips last Fall and they were the greatest black bass killers I have run across. Alvin Foster. Washington. I). C. Have hail splendid success with your bait, and think it about the best made. W. Dnenweg, Terre Haute. Ind. I think .t a great bait. i)r. D. W. Singer, Goshen. Ind. I have one of your Little Egypt Wigglers. I would not go fishing without it. It beats tlie world for blackfish and 'rouE K. A. Miller, Jr., Cliadstown, N. C. Your Skidder has got them all topped. Ray ir. Carson, Warrensviile. JS. C. I get more strikes ami land more largo mouth bass with tlie Little Eg>-pt Wiggler than any other lure. Joseph C. Ellington. Raleigh, S. (’. .La.st season I found your Skidder die best bait I ever used for bass, pike and pickerel. Caught ten bass on Lake Cadillac weighing 35 lbs. in three hours — some catch for this lake. Peter Smith, Cadillac. Mich. 'riiey sure g(t the bass and pickerel. Dr, E. W. Boenier, W. Duluth, Minn. Used your Oriental Wiggler all last season ami am pleased to say that it is the best bait that I have ever used. S. J. Iveverenz, Elgin, III. u These Are the Boys That Bring Home the Bacon^^ ORIENTAL WIGGLER. Vz or 2 3 oz.. $1.00. All Red. Ail White or Red and White. Your lures can't be beat. In 191T from April 12ih to 20th I took 63 bass, 54 on your lures, 5 on Keelings Minnow. 3 on Tango and one on Surprise Minnow. Walter Montgomery. MantonviKe, Minn. Had the misfortune to lose my “Wiggler" anJ it was the only bait I was getting fish on. Ho., they hit it! Edward Ellis. Amherst, O. Your lures are winners for pike and bass. Have never used a be ter trolling lure. Dr. A. G. Wiley, Bar Mills, Me. It i.s sure a clean lure — gets your fish without having from five to fifteen hooks o unwind from the net. C. L. Crentz, Cliicago. III. LITTLE EGYPT WIGGLER. weight. Vz oz.. 75c. 35c. Bass Musky and Fly Spinner sizes 3KIDDER, weight. Vz cz.. 75c. AL FOSS, 1726-1736 Columbus Road, CLEVELAND, O. 238 F ORES T A N D S T R E A :\I May, 1919 f)icine RODS If you would get the most sport out of your fishing, get a lively Divine rod that registers every quiver of the elusive game. For half a century Divine Rods have stood for the best in the art of rod mak- ing— and there are Divine Rods (or eve: y kind o( fishing. “FAIRY FLY” ROD lY’l ft. — 2)4 oz. Here s a wonderfully lively rod. skillfully proportioned. Only the highest type of skilled work- manship. and long experience could produce a practicable, ser- viceable rod of this length and weight. Rods Made To Your Special Order for particular styles of fishing under special conditions. 1919 Catalog On Request The Fred D. Divine Co. 720 Roberts St Utica, N. Y. .NOVA SCOTIA’S !• Orests, Lakes and Streams afford some of the best hunting and fishing to be had in North -America. The moose hunting is hardly excelled anywhere. Send address to the Chief Game Commissioner, Halifax, N’. S., for a copy of Hunting and Fishing in Nova Scotia. Eels, Mink, Muskrats and lf.f1 I* ISfl other fur-bearing animals ^***^“* * in large numbers, with the New, Folding, Galvanized Steel Wire Trap. It catches them like a fly-trap catches flies. Made in all sizes. Write for descriptive price list, and our free booklet on best bait known for attracting fish. J. F. Gregory, 3306 Oregon Ave.. St.L«iiis,Mo THOMAS The Thomas hand made split bamboo hshing rod has been perfected to meet both the all around and the various special requirements of the modern angling sport. Made of the finest bamboo, light, resilient, perfectly jointed and balanced. In the Thomas rod the acme of perfection has been obtained. Send for our interesting booklet. THOMAS ROD COMPANY. 117 Exchange St., Bangor, Me. Land bm Zata Time OarroU O C I i Hshiruf, siiMTisJund hdal'fishirf^ POSTPAID 4Rhcr surToc^^ o»- bottom a&'welt as SurF casting it is a Handy worKtn^ little? pioce of tacUJe." ' Only otREcr ~ pull. zaaeAOER me markci HEHRYTiCHILlING The Spoon That Hooks’em EveryTime ! The position of the HOOK is the reason. Hook releases when fish strikes and sudden stop when hook reaches end of slot sets the into jaw. Darts and dives just like a real fish. Catches more than any other spoon or wooden minnow. Great for all g.ame fish such as Black Bass, Trout. Musky, Pike. Salmon. Cod, Tarpon, etc. Made in six sizes. Ask your dealer for KNOWLES AUTOMATIC STRIKER it postpaid. Fully Guaranteed. Catalog free. Finishes; Silver— Silver and Copper— Brass Length: 1=4" 2%" 2^" 35^" Price each 35c 35c 55c 75c 90c $1.25 S. £• KNOWLES, 89Sherwood Bldg.. San Francisco. Cal Joe WELSH ChSAOchaCAuroDniA EXCLUSIVE AGEhT -US'"» CAhADA- “Say Boy!! You certainly know how to make Leaders. Send me some more — 1 gave the last ones you sent to my fishing friends” — wrote Clay D. Manville, Pitts- burgh. Pa. After a Long Wait — Here It Is — Joe Welsh’s Blue Devil Darning Needle — GET ONE QUICK — Send 75c for a ‘Blue Devil’* and a 3 ft. Leader. Better get two — one size for Trout, one for Bass FISHING TACKLE Deal Direct With the Manufacturer Security in buying tackle comes from the honor of the house that builds it. We serve a multitude of anglers who insist upon ■‘value received” for the money they spend and we have no comebacks. Our name on a rod or reel sym- bolizes the highest achieve- ment of this highly developed art. Since 1867 we have made and sold Tackle. This is surely a recommendation in itself. Catalog No, 106 sent on request Edward vom Hofe & Company 112 Fulton Street New York City During the WAR our Hatchery received little attention and mo^t Sportsmen were thinking of other things than fishing; but now we are anticipating a demand : for stocking and can offer some splendid fry for spring delivery, as well as a limited number of larger brook and rainbow trout. Eyed eggs of both during the season. Correspondence invited. PLYMOUTH ROCK TROUT CO., Colburn C. Wood, Supt. Plymouth, Mass. Instructions for Net Making I All kinds of fish I nets, may be easily* and quickly made, with ray Illustrated \ Instructions before you. 21 photographs show you how. Once learned never forgotten. Also gives more informa- tion about the use of nets. Send to-day. Price 25c postpaid. W. E. CLAYTON, Altoona, Kansas. THE MEN OF TEMAGAMI (CONTINUED FRO-M PAGE 215) making the trip single handed. In the evening by the time I had cooked and laid out his supper, made the camp and cut his brush for him, it was long after dark. I still had my own tent to make and I was mighty tired. ‘I want you to fix my bawth,’ he says. ‘Heat the water, you know, and all that.’ He had one of those rubber baths with him. I stared at him for a moment. Then I said flat, ‘You go plump to the devil;’ left him and made my bed. Yes, sir, I was mad!” “And what do you know about this!” added Tiny. “The next morning he was fine as silk to me — the rough treatment seemed to do him good. “Only once again I balked. This same gent sprained his ankle on a portage. It wasn’t swollen much and he got along alright on a clean trail but I guess it hurt some going over the boulders. We came to another lift-over, short and good going. ‘I want you to carry me over here,’ he said. ‘Alright,’ I answered. ‘I’ll take the stuff and the canoe over first. You wait for me here.’ I carried dunnage and canoe across and then de- cided to sit down and wait for him. I was blamed tired. He came after a time — when he got tired waiting. Say, he was mad! ‘Why didn’t you carry me?’ he asked. ‘You told me to wait for j’ou over there.’ I didn’t answer but started down to the canoe. ‘I say,’ he called after me. ‘You told me to wait for you.’ ‘Alright, why didn’t you wait?’ I yelled back and went on with the loading. But he wasn’t so bad after all, though I don’t want any of his fx'iends on my hands. He said I had treated him real well and gave me fifteen dollars extra.” Most of the guides of Temagami are, of course, of Objibway stock and come from the Bear Island reserve. The services of these are always to be had by tourists, sportsmen, or others, on application to the forest rangers or to Stevens, the genial proprietor of the Te- magami station dining-room. French- Canadians — descendants of the old cou- reurs-de-bois — north country trappers and American woodsmen, are on the roll- call. My guide, himself, came of New York German stock. “Ten years ago I ventured into this country,” he said. “The States was always a pretty good home to me and I’ve no kick coming down that way. But, once a fellow falls into this life, makes a hit and takes a liking to it, he hates to go back w’here the rivers are slow and the bush only grows in patches. Often I think I’ll take a run down south ’cross the line but when I get down to serious figuring I find I’m here for keeps. Look at it from all direc- tions— it’s a life that is hard to beat.” Seek far and wide, ask of the wise men of the East and of the West, or go deep into the wilderness yourself and talk with other men of the open places, and you’ll find no finer band of men than Ontario’s guides of the North. Brown or white, Objihway or Canuck, they are diamonds in the rough, but Nature’s gen- tlemen— every one. May, 1919 F 0 R E S T A N 1) S T R E A M 239 NEW BOOKS The Desert of Wheat By Zane Grey “There is a bigness to the novels of Zane Grey that makes them impressive. He is prophet as well as poet of the West.’’ — Philadelphia Press. “Zane Grey has the secret of writing a rattling good story. He has always had a keen, appreciative sense of literary stand- ards, and, besides, has lived up to them sincerely in every one of the many volumes of Western stories he has written.” — New York Sun. Illustrated. $1.50 Dwellers in Arcady By Albert Bigelow Paine In this sympathetic and poetic story two city-tired people go to the country in search of the ideal home where they can bring up the family far from the madding strife In Connecticut they discover their hearts’ desire ... an old deserted house, sev- eral acres of neglected land, a brook and some tumbling stone walls ... in fact, an abandoned farm. The whole tale is told in Mr. Paine’s unique way. Illustrated, $1.50 Keeping Fit All The Way By Walter Camp Mr. Camp here preaches the gospel of health to middle-aged men. He points out the danger to health in a man’s allowing himself to get out of good physical condi- tion. and he tells him how he may recover his imjiaired vitality. Profusely Illustrated, Post StJO. Cloth, $1.3.5 Opportunities In Farming By Edward Owen Dean This book tells in the simplest, most straightforward way. what farming is, why if is fundamental in the life of the world, and what a man has to be and do to make a success at it. The sort of book for the returned soldier. Frontispiece. Ifimo., Cloth, 75 cents What We Eat and What Happens To It By Philip B. Hawk The contents of this volume are based upon the most elaborate, unique, and extensive series of food investigations ever made, and by the use of new methods results have been obtained which have absolutely upset many of the cherished theories of layman and physician. Post Svo. $1.35 HARPER & BROTHERS Est. 1817 NEW YORK All IV/I A Improved Floating Bugs with Patent ‘‘No-Slip” Bodies have created such a sensa- tion that several imitations are being made. The origi- nal “CALLMAC” floating bugs are put up on cards stamped McCARTHY PATENT. None other are genuine. The name “CALLMAC” is your guarantee of workmanship and durability. 30 years a fly maker — In 12 standard patterns or to order; each 50c, per doz. $5.50. “CALLMAC” trout bugs, each 35c, 3 for $1.00 CALL j. McCarthy 219 So. Dearborn Street CHICAGO, ILL. Send 5c stamp for beautifully illustrated catalog, in colors, of anglers’ specials, including instructions in scientific fly and bait casting THE Genuine Hildebrandt Spinners and Flies Made Only By THE JOHN J. HILDEBRANDT CO. LOGANSPORT, INDIANA PORTLAND, OREGON SEE THEM AT YOUR DEALERS THE FLY ROD WIGGLER positively the greatest fish getter , ever used on a fly rod. . Handles eastly on any ordinary fly rod. Has the slow wrig- gling zig zag movement of a crippled minnow. Great for large and small mouth bass; large trout, pike, and pickerel. Exquisitely finished in Silver Shiner, Red Side Minnow. Yellow I’erch, Red Head, etc. Two sizes. 1% and in. Can be used .on bait casting rods by adding small sinker. Price each 50c. Four in compartment Box $2.00. Send stamp for catalog of Baits, Flies. Lines. Hooks, etc. W. J. Jamison Co., Dept. S, 736 S. California Ave., Chicago, III YOU DON’T WANT Back Lash Snarls I reel f < Wind. There is a new device that auto- matically spools the line onto the with a kite Experienced flsh- ermen as well as ■ —3 others like them. Gem Reel Winders $1.50 Each at Your Dealer or GEM REEL WINDER CO. 400-132 Second St, Milwaukee, Wis. YOU DON'T NEED TO HAVE. are so designed in taper that they are quicker in action and more powerful for their weight than other rods. Granger Rods are built of the finest bamboo, cut to an accuracy of 1/1000 of an inch, and thoroughly seasoned in Denver’s dry climate. This produces a flawless rod, resilient |, in action, light, yet possessing the necessary power to cast a long line true and steady under all conditions.^ Rods for trout or bass at prices ranging from $4 to $37. Send for our catalog today if your dealer does not have Granger Rods. GOODWIN GRANGER & CO. 1240 East Ninth Ave., Denver, Colorado A 240 F 0 R E S T A XI) STREAM May, 1919 Anticipating the Benefits of Peace Copeland Townsend, Lessee-Director HOTEL MAJESTIC Central Park West at 72nd St., New York ANNOUNCES: A general reduction in all Majestic Restaurants and in the CAFE DES ALUES (Direct Entrance from Central Park West) OF 20 PER CENT These changes are based on post bellum con- ditions and conform to our long established policy of giving THE GUEST THE BENEFIT MR. WALTER GUZZARDI, an experienced restaurateur, is in charge of the cuisine. FOR example! Showing Prices Per Portion THEN & NOW Cape Cods Strained Chicken •45 •35 Gumbo ■35 •25 Broiled Live Lobster. Steak Minute with i.6o 1.25 ; Potatoes O’Brien . . 1-25 .90 Chicken a la King. . . 1-55 1-25 j Fruit Salad •65 •50 Majestic Apple Pie. . . Pot Coffee with •25 .20 Cream de Luxe . . . •25 .20 ■ Petit liner sur le plat. . .$1.25 1 Supper Dances from 9 P. M. to Closing. || Alluring Dance Orchestra. In addition to the reduc- tion in food prices, all as- sembly rooms, including the Grand Ballroom, may be se- cured on any date available (Saturdays excepted) at a reduced price. This offer holds good until September I, 1919. We cannot make corre- sponding reductions in room accommodations, as these prices have not been propor- tionately advanced during the war period, and our rooms are continuously in demand. CROW WAR DECLARED (CONTINUED FROM PAGE 213) three should alight in the tree at the same time. A telescope adds much to the pleasure of this kind of shooting by giving a feel- ing of absolute confidence and seeing the cross-hairs shining on the black coat of the target. One feels he is a dead crow even before pressing the trigger, and he generally is. Personally I enjoy the snip- ing game more than the shotgun game. For one thing it is “fine tackle” work. A shotgun is such a blunt, coarse instru- ment. But that is merely a matter of taste. Certainly there is no need for sportsman’s ethics in shooting crows. With a good .22 and telescope, I know of no keener sport than stalking crows in summer. Hunting the phlegmatic woodchuck is tame beside it. And be- sides, one knows he is doing a good turn to the mother robins and larks. In spring and early summer when all shooting of game is taboo I can have as much fun as at any time in the open season. Be- sides the consciousness of doing good service, the crow is a smart bird as a rule, and isn’t exactly easy to kill by stalking. One can carry a call while stalking if one wishes, and call up many a shot one would not otherwise get. Still the tendency of a crow, when called, is to keep moving. Shots at 100 yards or a little less are easily obtained, with or without a call. A good .22 and telescope makes a deadly combination at ranges of 100 yards and less. I generally wear tennis shoes for all kinds of pussyfoot hunting, having ac- quired the habit in the Coast Range, hunting deer. I know of no kind of small game hunting more delightful than glid- ing swiftly, like a shadow, under the heavy-leaved maples and gnarled oaks of the bottoms, sneaking toward a crow “caw-cuss,” or stalking a lone sentinel on some high, dead tree. The practical assurance of a kill if one can get within 75 yards, and get a shot, gives an added thrill to the stalk. One cannot always get a shot, even when within range, in the leafy summer woods. A field glass is very valuable in this connection in spotting the game among the leaves. Even a small opera glass is a vast im- provement over naked eyes. One can do without it better in hunting crows than he can in hunting squirrels. The boy in his teens is really tho foundation of any campaign against crows that is to be successful. A sufficient bounty to make him take an in- terest will do more to keep the crow population within bounds than any cam- paign based on the hunting of grown men, however desirable and laudable that kind of a campaign is. The boy likes to hunt, and in closed season is in hot water. Often he violates the game laws cheerfully. With crows to shoot he would not only be pitting his wits against a worthy adversary, one that would make him work for all he got, and develop the powers that go to make him a hunter, but he would acquire an instinct for backing the law instead of breaking it. May, 1919 FOREST AND S T R E A :M 241 By killing crows and getting a nominal bounty he would be doing a service to the state, making a little money for him- self, and having the time of his young life, all at the same time. In the spring, when crows are nesting, is the time when the small boy who has not yet acquired much proficiency, or who has not a good rifle, can get in his best work. How well I remember the wild onion days in the Kaskaskia bottom when I was a youngster. It may seem peculiar, but I always associate wild onions with nesting crows. Perhaps it is because when sent to gather a mess of nature’s onions I often went climbing trees for crow’s nests and forgot to come back until dark. Anyhow, wild onions and crow’s nests were inseparable in the formative years of my childhood and youth. Just to be in the woods in those days in early spring when the warm wind comes steadily out of the South, when the red-bud traces a Japanese pattern of flowery embroidery through the almost leafless woods, and the yellow dandelions star the upland pastures, and big, lusci- ous mushrooms push up through the mold on the hillsides, that is to truly live. It is early fishing time, but the woods have a call — even away from the waters. Fishing is comparatively simple and easy. Crow shooting is difficult by comparison. It appeals to the sporting instinct of the boy. He likes to try something hard. He locates a crow’s nest. If he has a rifle he takes his pocket knife and cuts boughs and makes a blind that will com- mand the nest. Even then it is not easy. He waits long hours for her to come to the nest. Perhaps she sees him and will not come on. Along in the late dusk of evening when it is almost too dark to shoot she comes and lights on the nest, and after turning around a few times and adjusting her eggs with her feet to suit her she sits down. Then the small boy shoots at her through the nest. Perhaps he gets her; perhaps he does not. In the latter case he will have to try again another time. Perhaps he climbs the tree and puts a steel trap in the nest. If he does she abandons it. She will even abandon her young to starve under such conditions. The young have a habit of throwing the trap and getting themselves caught by the necks. Also the small boy discovers that the young crows will eat clods of dirt and sticks as readily as they will worms. Their one obsession is food. They cry for it as vociferously to the boy as to mother crow. But the small boy cannot find all the crow’s nests there are in the woods, so some young crows are “brought off,” to use the term of our grandmother with reference to a brood of her chickens. If he should not find the nest until all the young crows have left it and are able to fly perfectly well, and have all the outside appearances of an old crow, with the exception of that possible look of greenness that distinguishes a college boy from his dad ; if the small boy finds this he will have the finest shooting it is with- in his scope to master. With the gun a youngster of the more tender years generally has, he cannot kill old crows in a JIFFY OOD hot coffee and a tasty lunch ready in less time than it takes to gather wood for an ordinary camp fire. No delay, no fuss or trouble when you use an American KampKook The ideal camp stove for tourists and all who hunt, fish or go camping. Has two burners. Burns gasoline. Folds securely into steel case when not in use. Set up and going in two minutes. Not affected by wind. Sim- ple, substantial, safe. Also sold with Kampoven for broiling and baking. Sold by sporting goods and hardware dealers. Write for attractive literature. AMERICAN GAS MACHINE CO. 807 Clark St. Albert Lea, Minn. Size folded I4'/2X8x3'/2 inehes. Weighs only S pounds CENTRAL HOUSE BELGRADE LAKES, MAINE OPEN IVIAY 1st FOR EARLY TROUT FISHING Now is time for that tong deferred fishing trip Gamey square tail trout 3 to 8 pounds await your skill in these famous lakes. Fly fishing for black bass in early June. Modern hotel with metropolitan comforts; American plan ; reasonable rates. Full par- ticulars upon application. JOHN B. CRONIN, PROP. BEAR SPRING CAMPS This is where you get the TROUT and plenty of big ones. Unexcellent fly fishing for BASS. Excellent table, spring water, camps, and service. Booklet and References, G. A. MOSHER & SON, BELGRADE LAKES, MAINE Address Oakland, Maine, until June 1st. For Hunting, Fishing and Outdoor Sports in the ADIRONDACK MTS. One of the finest Trout fishing grounds in the country. Boats and guides for the asking; excel- lent board; rates $14.00 and up per week. BEEBE AND ASHTON Dr. McGINTY’S THOUSAND ACRE FARM An Excellent Health Resort. Open All Year. Hunting and Fishing. E. F. McGinty, M. D., Prop. MT. POCONO, PA. “The Indian Mountain House^’ Cottages and Camps At the head of Cranberry Lake, N. Y. Most modern and best equipped hotel on lake. Gently sloping sand bathing beach. Pleasant trails. Canoeing, boating and dancing. Best of fishing and hunting. Excellent cuisine. Rea- sonable rates. For circular, address JOHN HOWLAND, Proprietor SQUAW MOUNTAIN INN ON MOOSEHEAD LAKE FISHING BOATING BATHING ARTHUR A. CRAFTS, Greenville Jet., Maine SPEND YOUR VACATION IN THE BIG HORNS SOUTH FORK INN BUFFALO, WYOMING In the heart of the Rig Horn Mountains. Finest of Trout Fishing in lakes and streams; horse back riding, wonderful scenery, invigorating climate; altitude 7,683 feet. Comfortable cabins and cot- tages, good meals. For acommodations and rates, address OTIS MILLER, Buffalo, Wyo. COME TO VERMONT AND REALIZE THE REAL JOY OF RECREATIVE LIFE AVERllX LAKE IS THE HOME OF THE GOLDEN TROUT ALTITUDE. 1.963 FEET SEASON OPENS MAY FIRST FISHING— BOATING— BATHING Ideal for Sport or Rest. Write for Booklet and Terms. Lakeside Inn and Cottages AVERILL, VT. A. B. C. FOREST and STREAM Together with the following Outdoor maga- zines have known quantity circulation — Field and Stream National Sportsman Outers’ Book-Recreation Outdoor Life The above are all members of the A. B. C. 242 FOR E S T AND S T R E A M May, 1919 I in rrancisco. C Portland) Ore. VINRUDING boating without the hard hand-blis- tering rowii^ — water outings that are zJl pleasure and no work. A twist of the flywheel and the lake or river is yours. For boating, fishing, hunting, picnicking, there’s nothing like sm Evinrude. The Evinrude has the built-in flywheel type magneto and automatic reverse. Special method of balancing practically eliminates vibration. See your dealer, or write for catalog. •5 ■ ^ DO YOU KNOW that for just 10 cents a day you can give a child to France ? Tli0 men of France have died fighting our battles. The women and children of F ranee are left to bear the burden. $36.50 a year, added to the small allowance of the French Government, will save a child for the new Fraiice. Will you subscribe $.10 a day. $3 a month, $36.50 a year; payable monthly, quarterly or yearly. Every penny of the money collected goes to the chil- dren. Expenses are paid from a separate fund. Prove your patriotism by helping immediately, prac- tically and personally, our ally. France. Ten Cents a day means little to you. Wlien a grate- ful letter comes from some little child in France you will know how much it means there. $ .10 keeps a child 1 day $36.50 keeps a child 1 yr. :;,00 " " '■ 1 mo. 73.50 " “ “ 2 yrs. Date I pledge ) $36.50.... for a aged .... ia Its myself > I $ for .... children in their own to give J fur years I enclose herewith $ in total Payment for the above and pledge myself to give the remainder in nayments. . . CRO.SS OUT THK 1‘AHA- GUAI-IIS YOU DON'T ACCKI'T I promise to give the same amount next year. I wish to know the name and address of the child or children. Signed Address - fhecks should be drawn to ' TIIK FATIIF.Itl.KSS CUII.DKF..V OF FItANCK COM.Ml’TTEK" and mailed to the tTiicago 'Treasurer, DAVID It. FOIKJAN. Hoorn :n Fine Arts Hullding, Chieago New Pleasures In Boating With a Lockwood- Ash Row Boat Engine new boating pleasures are in store for you. On your vacation, camping, fishing, pic- nicing or hunt- ing, you can ex- plore new fields. You can glide through the nar- rows, across the riffles, over the shal- lows. Young and old can enjoy this practical, economical sport. Ask for the Lock- wood-Ash Booklet ; learn about the 30-day trial plan Motor 191 1 Norton Ave. -lackson* Mich. [55J except on rare occasions. But these young crows which have not yet acquired worldly wisdom are meat for him. I had a .22 Flobert with a 20-inch barrel and coarse iron sights. A four- inch group at about 20 yards was as good as I could do with it. A woodpecker in the top of a high tree was out of range. Old crows laughed at me. (Ex- cept when I caught them on nests.) But these full-grown young ones that had flown the nest were my particular hunt- ing joy. Many a time I have come upon one walking about on the ground, or two or three of them sitting about in a tree, and potted them all with the little “bab- bit-metal” gun. My grandfather had an old Kentucky rifle, calibre 36, with a 44-inch barrel, weight 13 pounds — the most of it on the end. On a broad leather strap about hree inches wide (worn over the shoulder like a bandolier), hung the powder-horn, and, suspended by a buckskin string, a common sewing thimble for a charger. A leather bullet pouch completed the rig, also attached to the strap. With a dime’s worth of black powder and a five>-cent box of caps, bought from the local store, and bullets made from the sinkers of rotting flsh nets in the old fireplace, I was equipped to do more ef- I fective work on crows than with the i little gun. There was no bounty stim- ulus, but the campaign was continuous and unrelenting, for I had been taught the mischievous nature of crows from early childhood and had plenty of op- portunity to see it. Besides they were hard to kill, and that appealed to me. Many days, when the wild violets were blooming and the trees were coming out in pea-green new leaves, I lugged the old Kentucky rifle to the woods in quest of crows. A continuous guerilla warfare was waged on them, both old and young. Crows began to fall to the old Kentucky rifle at ranges of 75 yards and more, and then I was supremely happy. I had got- ten so I could kill old crows. But I never became skilled enough to kill hawks until I was a man. My theory is that small boys are more or less chips off of one block, and that other boys could have as many glorious days in the woods as I had, and do a service to the state as well; if a slight financial inducement were given them to get them started. Hunting crows is not easy enough to become a bore, and the boy can take a pride in the fact that he is bagging one of the smartest birds of the fields and woods. He will learn stalk- ing to a certainty. And it is good sport for grown-up boys, too. CULPRITS WORTH KILLING Recently a Government hunter shot two male wolves which had killed 150 sheep and 7 colts on two Wyoming ranches, while another trapper bagged a pair of old wolves which had a record of killing $4,000 worth of live stock a year. A third trapper destroyed 85 coyotes and 2 bobcats in one month, using 6 horses and 200 traps over a trap line varying from 50 to 100 miles in length. A coyote was also captured which had destroyed $75 worth of sheep in one week. May, 1919 FOREST AND S T R E A :\I 243 THE COLORS OF FISHES (CONTINUED FROM PAGE 220) nocturnal red fishes have red deep-water relatives, and an explanation of their color should rather be considered a prob- lem corrolary to that of the red deep- water fish. Possibly it is a mere in- heritance from deep-water ancestors. Then there are many fishes whose haoitat and colors are intermediate between the different groups, or we find on the reefs bottom species (a variety of small blen- nies comes to mind), adapted to the reef in habits and colors just as they and their relatives are to other types of bottom. SO far any mention of the great var- iation of color found within many species of fishes has been avoided. The males of many species assume high colors in the breeding season or when stimulated by breeding activities. My observations of such males are sufficient for me to conclude that in some species they have a higher visibility than when in normal, more neutral color, and I as- sume that this is ordinarily the case. It is safe to assume also that an explanation of the high colors of such males should be homologous with that of the more per- manent high colors found in the plumage of many male birds. The Darwinian hypothesis of sexual selection is so far the most satisfactory explanation of the phenomenon, though from some aspects an unsatisfactory explanation, at least in its unmodified form. Extensive, rapid, color and pattern changes in individual flounders have been experimentally proved to be an adapta- tion for concealment, rendering the fish equally inconspicious on various bottoms. Fishes from the white bottoms near Key West I have found, as a, rule, to harmonize in general color with the tone of the bottom, individuals from here being often very much whiter than those of the same species taken elsewhere on darker bottoms. From these considera- tions I would expect many color changes undergone by individual bottom and weed fishes to be correlated with concealment. Observations, particularly in aquaria, prove that there are color changes corre- lated with the fish’s mental or physiolog- ical condition and apparently with no other bearing. Many fishes undergo considerable color change with age. For instance, the young of the dolphin which hides about weed and other drift has a dull mottled color quite unlike that of the free-swim- ming adult, young and old belonging to quite different groups, according to my classification, and with colors correspond- ingly different. In many, not all, of the boldly colored reef fishes, individuals undergo consider- able and rapid changes of color. Prof. Longley finds that the Red Parrotfish, Sparihoma abildgaardi,' (which I be- lieve to be a typical reef fish, usually con- picious, though my experience with the species in life is limited) has gray and brown probably concealing phases, and = Longley, Journal Exp. Zool, 23. 1917: 547. (CONTINUED ON PAGE 249) Always keep a Daylo alongside your fishing tackle Catching night crawlers with a Daylo Time was when fisher folks dug up half an acre of hard ground to find a measly handful of undersized angle worms. To- day anybody gets them by the quart — in a few minutes — big, fat wiggling bass-catchers — at night — in the grass on a wet lawn. Daylo locates ’em, all stretched out, ready to grab, if your e_\ e ard hand are quick enough — before they snap back in their holes. Worm-hunting is only one of the thousand uses ever_\' fish- erman finds for Daylo, the light that says, “There it is!’’ v'vDh OAYl.e 77 styles for sale by EVEREADY dealers everywhere Ask to see the four 2619 2G37 styles illustrated helow , ■ American Ever Ready Works \ of National Carbon Co., Inc. ) ) Long Island City New York ■ IN CANADA. ■ Canadian National Carbon Co., Ltd., Toronto, Ontario ill 3661 eVEREAUy RAYLP Practical Glass Blower and manufacturer of apificial eyes for birds, ani- mals and manufacturing purposes a specialty. Send for prices. All kinds of beads and skulls for furriers and taxidermists. 363^CANAL STREET NEW YORK Please mention “Forest and Stream” Free Informationon How to do Tanning W. W. WEAVER CUSTOM TANNER AND DRESSER OF FITRS, READING, MICHIGAN, ROBERT H. ROCKWELL 753 East 32nd St., Brooklyn, N. Y. MANIKIN FORMS. Easy methods to mount deer heads Natural to Life, Wall Mounts, Very Light, Open Mouth Heads for Rugs. PAPIER MACHE SPECIALTIES CO., Reading, Michigan 244 FORES T AND S T R E A May, 1919 ^WTEVER before was tbe American civilian so fortunate as ^ now in bis fondness for tbe sport of target sbootin^. America can not forg’et — nor will tbe world — tbat in assuming world-leadersbip sbe must make more tban ever sure of backing up witb reality tbe traditional skill in markmansbip of ber citizens. for Shooting Right Is there an active rifle club where you live — equipped for long-range shooting ? Are you getting your share of this splendid, beneficial sport; incidentally doing your hit to help keep it true that we are a nation of marksmen? More than one hundred years of service to shooters equips Remington UMC to best assist you with information. Our Service Department, in touch with over 2,500 civilian nfle clubs, will gladly answer inquiries — introduce you to a club, perhaps, if you wish to join one, or help you organize one. For closer service your nearest dealer no doubt is one of the more than 82,700 1 ive merchants who are at all times ready to supply the Remington UMC Red Ball Brand ammunition which so many of tlie clubs prefer for shooting ri ght." If SO he too will he glad to co-operate. Rifle Club Secretaries — If not already registered for Remington UMC free service write for blank registration card and a complimentary copy or tbe revised Remington UMC Handbook for Rifle Club Officials. THE REMINGTON ARMS UNION METALLIC CARTRIDGE COMPANY, Inc. Largest J^anufacturers of Firearms and Ammunition in the World WOOLWORTH BUILDING NEW YORK ; AN OLD FRIEND By HENRY BANNON IN a little book shop I discovered in an alcove marked Sport and Adven- ture a quaintly illustrated old book which, though new to me, seems like an old friend. The title page bore the in- scription “The History of One Day out of Seventeen Thousand” by Judge Nut- ting (Oswego, N. Y., 1889) and a glance showed it to be a reminiscence, evident- ly written by a man about fifty years of age, of his first day in the field, hunt- ing with his father. The book contains but fifty-three pages and a cursory look- ing over gave evidence that it was writ- ten by one of unusual attainments who had a message to tell. The charm of the simple story and its message created the desire to know something of the old time sportsman who wrote it. An investigation developed that the author w'as Judge Newi;on W. Nutting, a prominent citizen of northern New York who lived from 1840 to 1889, dur- I ing this brief time serving his state with distinction as District Attorney, County I Judge and as a Representative in Con- gress. During the days of his last ill- ness, which were many. Judge Nutting wrote this little record of his first hunt- ing adventures, probably to obtain re- lief for a weary mind or because of the old adage that the ruling passion is strong in death, for it is evident that ' his love of nature amounted to a pas- sion. The book contains many incidents : of the day when he first carried a gun and delightful memories of his mother and father. It well illustrates the great influence for good that a father obtains over his boy when he makes him his hunting companion for no other sports give such opportunities for something in common between man and boy as hunt- I ing and fishing. Judge Nutting thus describes in some I detail the old pill-lock shot gun in com- mon use when he was a boy: “The old ‘Pill-lock’ was the most striking and curious thing about this gun. The cylinder that went into the barrel at the breach, was like that of any muzzle loading gun, except, per- haps, it was a trifle larger. In the place of the nipple, which, in a cap lock, receives the percussion cap, there was a hole in the top of the cyl- inder. The lock and hammer were like those in an ordinary gun, except that the ham- mer was pointed at the end, and the point fitted into the hole in the cylinder. The fire percussion was in the shape of a pill, about the size of the small, round sugar pills, used by doctors to cure sick people, and these pills were black, and were kept and carried in a goose quill. When the gun was loaded, we were careful to see that the powder, which had been put in the gun, came in sight in the hole in the cylinder, and then we took one of the little black pills from the goose quill, and put it in the hole so that it would rest on the bottom, where the point of the hammer would strike it, and create the fire that reached the powder in the gun, and explode the May, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 245 The description of how towards eve- ning he killed his first partridge, when his father sent him off by himself to a little grove of hemlocks where some birds had taken refuge, is interesting. “Then it was that I started on my first real hunt alone. I went along i quickly, but carefully, towards the hem- locks. There were five of these trees in | a group and from the side I was ap- | preaching the branches were so thick (and I was looking toward the dark thick woods, too) that I could not see the parts of the trees where the bird would be likely to light. I went way round the bunch of hemlock until I could look into them from the woods side and toward the light of the west. The light was growing a little dim for the sun was sinking down close to the hori- zon, but my eyes were good then. “I carefully examined every branch on the tree next to me, and then the next, and found no partridge. I began to feel the chances were slim of finding the bird as the best, trees for him to light in I had already searched. But I commenced to examine the third tree. I began first to scan the lower limbs and* my eyes passed along up the tree and searched each limb carefully. When my eyes had reached two-thirds to the top of the tree and about thirty feet from the ground, all at once I saw the old part- ridge sitting close to the body of the tree, with his breast toward me. He looked as big as a goose sure. After a second, just a second, my wits came to me and I raised the old ‘Pill-lock’ to my face. Somehow I had cocked it but I never could recollect how or when. ' “I looked straight at the light colored feathers of the breast and pulled the trigger. The gun made an awful noise and turned me half ’round. It gave out a long stream of fire and lots of smoke. I remember hearing the noise of the dis- charge as it went off through the big maples and beeches. I never will forget that shot. It took me about a good, long second to bring myself together. I looked to the foot of the tree and there lay the bird dead as a stone. I ran where he was and picked him up. “That was one of the proudest mo- ments I have ever known in my life. I turned my face toward the sky, and gave a halloo of joy and victory. Just then the dog came to me in a bound — to see what all the noise was about, I suppose. I held the bird down to the spanniel, and he looked up in my face and whined, and moved his tail, as much as to say, ‘Well, that is good enough’. “I went along out to where father was. I had the old “Pill-lock” in one hand, still smoking, and the partridge in the other. There were logs and bushes in my road, but I say to you, here and now, that I did not remember stepping over either logs or brush. “I held up to father’s gaze the part- ridge, and he said, ‘Well, well you have done it sure. That is a fine bird, and it was a lucky venture when you went after him. You are all right now, and shall go hunting again with me’.” The story depicts a phase in American (continued on page 247) Let Your Trap Gun Purchase Be a PARKER Be One of the Thousands of Satisfied PARKER Gun Users PARKER Guns are made by gun experts. The purchaser of a PARKER Gun receives in good, substantial gun value, the benefits of experience in gun manufacturing of over 50 years. Once you have used the PARKER, you will never be satisfied with anything but the BEST. Eventually you will shoot the PARKER. Why Not Now? I PARKER BROS. MERIDEN, CONN., U S. A. I Master Gun Makers New York Salesrooms, 25 Murray St. ITHACA gun. Double guns, $34.78, includ- ing war teuc, and up. Single trap guns, $107.11, includ- ing war tax, and up. Catalog free. Address Box 25 ITHACA GUN CO. ITHACA, N. Y. J. A. McGuire, Editor of Outdoor Life, big game hunter and ex- plorer, uses an Ithaca because it will stand more use and misuse and because he can shoot it bet- ter than any other shot- 35c Postpaid all lubrication and polishing around the house, in the tool shed or afield with gun or rod. NYOIL Id the New PerfectioD Pocket Package is a matchless combination. Sportsmen have known it lor years. Dealers sell NYOIL at 15c. ancl35c,Send us the name of a live one who doesn’t sell NYOIL with other necessaries for sportsmen and we will send you a dandy, handy new can (screw top and screw tip) con- taining 9^ ounces postpaid for 35 cents. WH. F. NTE, New Bedford, Mass. ¥7'¥aY ™E NEW POWDER SOLVENT J-i ▼ XjMU AND CLEANSING OIL Adopted by the Government and the leading man- ufacturers of high power rifles and machine guns. Removes the residuum of smokeless and black powders from all fire arms. The greatest rust eradicator ever offered to the shooting public. .An ideal lubricant for sensative mechanisms. Three ounce size — 25c. Postage — 10c extra. Di- rect bv mail if your dealer hasn’t it. Mention dealer’s name, Manuf’d by CAPT. BASIL MIDDLETON, Culver, Ind., U.S.A. PLANT WILD CELERY —It Brings the Ducks —Improves Fishing Wild Celery is one of the best wild duck and fish attractions known. Many kinds of water- fowl — particularly Canvasbacks, Bluebills and Redheads s op where natural feeding grounds of Wild Celery are provided. It creates fine fishing spots where fish go for food and shelter. E'asy to grow. Tlirives in fresh water, lakes, ponds or streams. Terrell’s Wild Celery plants pro without tools. Ventilating shutters, screened against mosquitoes, . delightfully cool, open to the breeze or closed storm tight or just partly ^ closed, as you wish. Eight sizes. An ideal house for all outdoor purposes. Very durable, will withstand heavy winds. You will be delighted with it. Write today for prices and full description. Outdoor Sleeping Summer Housekeeping For Hotels, Golf Clubs, and Summer Resorts CLOSE-TO-NATIRE COMPANY 650 Front St., Collax, Iowa CAMP OUT IN _-TO-HATURE CANVAS HOUSES Vacation in the Pine Scented Lakelands of Canada In the “Highlands of Ontario,” that wonderful region of scenic beauty, you can Fish, Swim, Golf, Canoe, Camp, Hunt — spend a vacation you will never regret or forget. Mirror -like lakes set in the grandeur of forests of pine and balsam. The purest of air, 1,000 to 2,000 feet above the sea, and i hay fever is unknown. Famous Playgrounds for Outdoor Men and Women “Algonquin Park” — “30,000 Islands of Georgian Bay” — “Kawartha Lakes”— “Muskoka Lakes” — “Timagami” and the “Lake of Bays.” Modern hotels — or “rough” it if you I prefer. Any Grand Trunk Agent will gladly plan your trip for you. Write any of the following for descriptive literature: C. G. Orttenburger, 907 Merchants Loan & Trust Bldg., Chicago, 111. W. R. Eastman, Room 510, 294 West Wash- ington St., Boston, Mass. H. M. Morgan, 1019 Chamber of Commerce Bldg., Bulfalo, N. Y. J. H. Burgis, 819 Dime Bank Bldg.. Detroit, Mich. A. B. Chown, 1270 Broadwav, New York City, N. Y. SPEED the days when the thrill of the hunt returns. The B.S.A. will resume its place in forest and field — at targets and traps in friendly rivalry. B.S.A. rifles and guns will be made as before the war, for all these purposes, and their reliability and accu- racy will again be unbeat- able features. With peace established, we shall manufacture: B.S.A. lever cocked air rifles. B.S.A .22 calibre sporting and target rifles — single shot and magazine. B. S. A. rifles of various bores for long-range target practice and game shooting. B.S.A. shot guns. B.S.A. patent Rifle Sights. We want our friends — old and new — to know more about these “will be” products. Therefore, will you write for further information and for rifle books, free on request? THE BIRMINGHAM SMALL ARMS COMPANY. UMITED Dept. 20, Birmingham. England 248 FOREST AND STREAM May, 1919 The savage Automatic Pistol creates evidence — it protects the law-abiding user. But it betrays the criminal. Its sharp reports attract attention — invite investigation — call help! And its reports cannot be silenced. After each shot it throws out a distinctively marked shell and leaves it there. Evidence. It brands each bullet with its distinctive rifling. Evidence. And the pistol itself is evidence. It tells its own story to the expert who examines it — where it came from — what it has done. For the law-abiding, the SAVAGE is safety insur- ance— but for the criminal, speedy detection and certain punishment. :SA\!A.GE ArtlVIIS CORIPORATIOTS UTICA, N. y. SHARON DETROIT NEW YORK CITY PHILADELPHIA Also makers of Lewis Aatomatic Machine Guns. Lierht, Ordnance. Military, Hisrb Power and Small Caliber Sportint? Rifles. Automatic Pistols and Ammunition, Motor Car and Truck Pressed Steel Frames, Parts, Transmissions. Axles, etc. 1 FOLDING PUNCTURE-PROOF CANVAS BOATS Light, easy to handle, no leaks or repairs; check as baggage, carry by hand; safe for family; all sizes; non-sinkable; stronger than wood; used by U. S. ami Foreign Governments. Awarded First Prize at Chicago and St. Louis World's Fairs. We fit our boats for Outboard Motors. Catalog. King Folding Canvas Boat Co., 428 Harrison St, Kalamazoo, Mich. Marble’s Specialties for Fishermen will add greatly to the enjoyment of your next fishing trip. The name "Marbles" is a guar- antee of quality, service and satisfaction. Marble’s New Trout Knife for dressing irout and other fish. Forged from finest cutlery steel. Always open. Easily cleaned. Total length. 5% inches. Weighs only 1 oz.. including metal-bound sheath. Price, Folding Fish Knife Cuts, rips, scales. Blade folds into handle. Locks when open. Can be carried in pocket — or open in sheath. $1.40 Price, Marble’s Clincher Gaff Only humane gaff on market. Does not rip nor tear. No steel - trap feature. Holds any fish V2 to 20 lbs. Quicker, surer than a land- ing net. Price, each $1.10. Marble’s Waterproof Match Box Made of n i c k 1 e d brass. Holds pood supply of matc’hes. Guaranteed water- proof. Every fisher- man. hunter and camper needs o n e. Price, 55 cents. Marble’s Compasses — b r a s s box with agate bearings. Guar- an»eed accurate. Pocket C o m p a 3 .s, $1.10. Safo’y Coat Compass attaches U) coat or flhirt — always in sight and can't get lost. Price. $1.40. Your Local Dealer Can Supply You Write for Complete Catalog MARBLE ARMS & MFG. CO. 526 Delta Avenue, Glasstone, Mich. WATCH FOR THE LEGGINGS THE BOYS BRING HOME LOCKHART SPIRAL PUTTEES offer distinct advantages over the old lityle leg binding canvas and Leather Legging. Naturally conform to the motion of the leg. Perspiration proof. Keep pebbles and dirt out of the shoe. Recognized as the PERFECT LEGGING by every man in the service — and just as applicable to every form of sport, as to army needs. MADE IN AMERICA FOR 3 YEARS Ask for the LOCKHART SPIRAL PUT- TEES. If your dealer can’t supply, write us. TRY THEM — The Boys will tell you about them— TAKE NO OTHERS. Lockhart Spiral Service Leggings Inc. 244 Broadway Brooklyn, N. Y. COOPER’S CAMPS BUILT BY SPORTSMEN FOR SPORTSMEN Accommodate One To Eight Guests Tm 4-Ka T-Taoi*#' of Maine’s most beautiful LOt? XAcdFC Lake and Forest Region FISHING - CANOEING - BATHING The Real Place For Rest, Sport or RECREATIVE LIFE Write For lUustraieJ Booklet COOPER’S CAMPS, Eagle lake, Maine GAME TRAILS OF CHEVELIER BAY (CONTINUED FROM PAGE 208) by time and bare t f any substance. “It beats me how they can get things to grow out of this shell!” John ex- claimed, “but yonder is a garden — actu- ally. And it looks in bully shape. I can see radishes, beans, green stuffs and — and there is an orange grove!” “Its the same old story of Florida rumor,” explained his father, “the Semi- noles must have been looking for pearls. This would account for the innumerable shell mounds. Yet this one, at least six hundred years old, has not lost its original identity. You have just located an almost perfect conk.” There were two stores on the island, with Smallwood’s neat con- crete house the most assuming. Its shelves were laden with curious stock . . . grains in bags, hides, coffee, fire-arms and what-not. One marvelled that such stuff could ever find its way up to far Chokoloskee. Smallwood him- self greeted them. He was alone at the time. Much to Mr. King’s amazement he came slowly forward stretching out a big, hard-gripping hand. “Howdy,” he said, “Mister King’s party, aint it?” It was on the tip of the other’s tongue to ask how Smallwood knew. As quickly he checked the impulse. “Ask No Question,” was what he had been told on entering Chokoloskee. “Right,” he retorted. “Coin’ to survey a little up Turners?” “That’s what brings us here. Yes Sir. We’ll need some supplies in the morn- ing and some advice about game and fishing. We’d like to try a little of both before we go back.” “Plenty of it,” Smallwood answered. He was an impressive man, standing six feet tall, and possessing a certain odd dignity of poise and manner. For Smtllwood was a pioneer .... a quiet, good-natured tradesman, who was known as a sure marksman and — quick on the trigger in a rumpus. Mr. King bought some coffee and grits and a can of kerosene. He took a check book from his pocket and paid the small amount in this way. Here is another rule of the Chok’ district. Never, NEVER flash real money. Nor did Smallwood hesitate a moment in accepting this check. He gave it a swift glance and, folding it, placed it ceremoniously in his ledger. “Coin’ to stay ashore to-night?” he inquired, “I can put ye up.” “No, we’ll sleep in our boat,” Mr. King responded, “thanks just the same.” Smallwood began to grin. “It’ll be a wonder if ye sleep,” said he. “Why?” “Special church night,” was the an- swer, “wait ontil midnight and open yer ears.” This came as a true prediction. Shortly before twelve, long after the weary party had rolled up in their cov- ers, there issued from the little gray church such a series of howls and May, 1919 FOREST AND STREA:\I 249 groans and lamentations as surely never came from human throat before. In the darkness it was absolutely uncanny. “I’d like to go down and see who is dying,” whispered John, “what is a Holy Roller, please tell me.” Hendry was sitting, smoking, in the bow and looking out upon the star-lit bay. He turned sharply — eagerly. “Come — you go with me,” he said, “I show. Can he go. Mister Big John?” “Anywhere with you, Hendry,” was the sleepy response. But Mr. King’s thoughts were elsewhere at the moment. He was trying to work out in his own mind how Smallwood knew they were coming up to Chokoloskee. (to be continued) THE COLORS OF FISHES (CONTINUED FROM PAGE 243) it is not unlikely that other ordinarily conspicious reef fishes may have the same, which they assume especially when venturing away from the reef. Recently a great deal has been j written about the coloration of ani- ! mals by persons differing as widely j in temperament and training as the poles. So much of it is contradictory, that it must be confusing to a student of the subject who has not a good many corre- lated observations of his own by which to guage it. To such a one, however, it is almost all of interest; he never can tell where he will find an idea or an ob- served fact that will modify or clarify his own views. The storm center of dis- cussion of late seems to have been as to the universality of concealing coloration. The Thayers,* with their artist’s train- ing in color values have shown how con- cealing coloration may be and probably is more widely existant than it at first thought appears. Roosevelt* has called attention to how exaggerated some of their claims are — and so it goes. It is not the writer’s purpose here to enter the discussion beyond sketching the facts with which he is familiar and indicating the manner in which he interprets them. The most reasonable hypothesis seems to be that on a “background” of inherit- ance modified by physiological considera- tions, an animal’s colors are generally useful to it in one or more of many ways. In a limited number of cases every other color tendency is subordinate to conceal- ment, in a vastly greater number of cases its colors give it a low visibility, set limits to its conspicuousness. Often con- spicuous colors, for warning, recognition, or some other benefit may be present, interfering sometimes little, sometimes greatly, with the tendency to inconspicu- ousness. There is little to be gained by dragging the theory of natural selec- tion into the discussion in its present stage. There is no doubt that it will ex- plain concealing, warning, directive, etc., coloration satisfactorily; the question is not can they be explained, but to what extent do they exist. • See Thayer G. H. & A. H.), Concealing Col- oration in the Animal Kingdom, 1909. * See Roosevelt, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 30, 1911: 119-231. Am» ^lus. Journal, March, 1918; 211-218. ■'HE long springy tip of Hed* don pattern rods gives won* derful casting power. The short, sturdy, fighting butt absorbs all heavy strains. The following rods are all of the famous Jim Heddon one-piece demountable type, consisting of butt and one tip-joint. They are built of solid Heddon-made split bamboo, silk wound, well varnished. A partitioned cloth bag comes with each rod* No. I Cork grip, nickeled reel seat with finger trigger, file-proof metal guides, agate tip-top. 6 foot only. Price, $4.00. No. 2 Solid cork grip and forward grip, nickeled reel seat with finger trigger, agate first guide and tip-top, German silver ferrule. and 5 foot. Price. $5.00. 6 hts foot. Price, $6.00. No. 4-“Solid cork grip and forward grip, nickeled reel seat with trigger and Lock- ing Keel Band, full agate guides, Germansilverferrule. 4Vz and 5 ft.. Price, $7.00* &V2 ft.. Price, $8.00. No. 6— J im Heddon’s Favorite. Solid satin cork grip and for- ward grip, nickeled reel seat with locking reel band. fuH agate guides, German silver ferrule. Put up on cedar form. 4% and 6 ft.. Price, $10.00. 6^ ft.. Price, $11.00. No, 10— Similar to No. 6 bafwith solhl German silver mountings, six coata finest varnish. Put up In water- proof leatherette case. 4^ and 6 ft., Price, $12.50. 5H ft. Price, $13.w. No. 15, Premier — Similar to No. 10. Finest possible selec- tion of split bamboo. 4H and 6 ft.. Price. $15.00, 5^ ft.. Price, $16.00. No. 9, "Musky*’— Regular Heddon pattern excep*^ butt grip is 2^ inches longer to give greater leverage. Agate >;uides» six coats varnish, leath- erette case. 6ft, Price, $14.00, 6V^ft, Price, $15.00, No. 25, Expert— The finest rodwecan make- The best of everything goes into thisrod. Ger- man silver mountings, ogate guides, seven coats of varnish. Three wta., light, medium and Florida basA Extra tip with each rod and spe> cial Bakelite case. 4n. 5. 5^ and 6 ft. Price, I $35.00, Why Heddon Rods Do Not Break STUDY the curved tips illustrated nere. Notice the natur- al unbroken curve of the upper tip — Heddon type. The only ferrule is way down where it puts no strain on the wood. The other tip shows ordinary construction with ferrule coming right in the middle of curve, throwing heavy breaking strain on the wood. Hed- don rods rarely break at the ferrule. Heddon’s Deep-O-Diver THE BAIT THAT FILLS A LONG-FELT WANT I-TERE*S a bait that will reach right down after the bass when ^ * storms or bad we«ather have driven them into the deep holes. It does not float but dives deeply with a swimming, wiggling motion that throws every bass within range into an immediate savage attack. The one double hook, while snag-proof, is hung so as to be a deadly killer. The long, wriggly Rubber Pork Rind strip brings the strike Id the right place every time. The rapid currents of streams or the deepest lake water are all alike to Deep-0*Diver. It gets the fish. You need one in your kit. No. 70090— Natural Scale FinUh. No. 7009E — White Body. Greenish Black Spots . No. 7009F— f\f\ YellowBody. Black Head. No.7009H- Red Scale Finish. Ask your dealer to show you the full line of Heddon’s Dowagiac Rods and Baita, James Heddon’s Sons, Dowagiac, Mich. Heddon’s Baby Crab In a Killing New Finish ^HE Baby Crab Wiggler, first put out In 1915, has won “to immense popularity. For 1919 we offer this well tried fish getter in a brand now color combination — the Red Scale Fioitb. Careful experiments have shown the new finish to be wonderfully effective in many waters. You will want to add this to your collection. AA No. 1909H $1.^® JAMES HEDDON-S SONS. Box 126. Dowagiac, Mich. Please send me your latest descriptive circulars of Dowagiac rods, minoows and fishing tackle. Name.. No.... O.. . State.. aoE Forest and Stream Cover Pictures You can have a colored re- production of the magnificent Driscole Trout Picture as shown on this cover, mounted on art board ready for framing, free, by sending $2.00 for a year’s subscription to Forest and Stream. Address, 9 E. 40th St., New York N. Y. Set solid Gold Set SondGold Send Your Name and We’ll Send Yon a Lachnite T\0N*T send a penny. Jnst send yonr name and aay-. ‘'Send me ■*-' a Lachnite mounted in a solid gold ring on 10 days fre® trial." We will send itprepaid right to your home. When It comes merely deposit $4.75 with the postman and then wear the ring for 10 full days. II you, or If any of your fnends can tell it from a diamond, send It back. But if yon decide to buy it —send us $2.5C a month until $18.75 has been paid. IVnf’A ^AiIa V Send yonr name now. Tell ns which of the AViaajf solid gold rings illustrated above you wish (ladies’ or men's). Be sore to send finger size. ^ ^aroldLachmanCo., 12 N. Michigan Av.,Dept.7062Chicag<^ .dfi v5> .fcHERM AN'S W CALENDAR Contains FISHING SIGNS FOR 1919. Shows graphically when fish should bite best, past ex- perience has pro-Ten it 80% correct. Shows which weeks are best for fishermen's vacations. Has an individual fishing record that proves invaluable for reference. Sales last year in 46 states. The amateur will be helped by this dope, the old hand knows it by heart. Send 25c. for one to-day to 0. F. CALENDAR. Box 1466 H. Sta. Springfield. Mass. 250 May, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM Hotel Chaaiberlin ^ NATCH a couple of days away from the grind, grab your golf clubs, of course, and come on down, or up, as the case may be, to Old Point Comfort, and tr}' your game on the Eighteen Hole Golf Coui'se, which is part of Hotel Chamberlin. You can get here easily — most likely it’s only “over night” from where you are, either by boat or rail. The Golf Course is one of the finest ever ; designed and laid out b}- authorities on the “Royal and Ancient” Game — convenient to the hotel, and, being owned b\' The Chamberlin, it is managed in a way which will suit you. You can also Tennis, Horseback or Motor. The air and sun is just right to make you enjoy the famous real Southern Cooking, and, as you know, this is all in addition to the location of Hotel Chamberlin, at Old Point Com- fort, with its advantages of Army, Navy and Social Life. This, also, is the place to take “The Cure,” with every sort of Bath Treatment at your command. You will be interested in our special booklet on “GOLF,” as it contains the first Aeroplane Map of a Golf Course ever published in America. Address Geo. F. Adams, Manager, Fortress Monroe, Virginia VICTORY Has Been a Household Word Since November VICTORY RODS Have Been Supreme for 25 Years Alorc backbone and lifting power for their weight than any similar rod made. FLY ROD 3 TO 7 OUNCES $20.00 BAIT ROD 7 TO 9 OUNCES $20.00 TARPON ROD 8 AND 12 OZ. TIPS $35-oc7 COSMOPOLITAN HOOK “The Hook that never misses a Strike” Shape and Quality is what made them famous TROUT Will soon be jumping and our assortment of the needful articles is good and moderately priced SHALL WE MAIL A CATALOGUE? SCHOVERLING, DALY & GALES 302-4 BROADWAY - - - - - NEW YORK JAMES ALEXANDER HENSHALL (CONTINUED FROM PAGE 211) line, a side track, and an old box car used as a shelter for the section hands, one of whom, on this occasion, happened to be sitting on a bench in front smoking his pipe, and idly watching the two boys con- cerned in this adventure. He saw me take the plunge, and later witnessed my vain efforts to swim ; and then remember- ing how very cold the water was at that season, he laid down his pipe and rushed to my assistance shouting to Johnnie: “That boy is drowning!” “Oh, no,” said Johnnie, “he can swim like a duck!” But paying no heed to this he threw off his jumper, drew off his boots, and waded into the pool, which was not over his head, reached the spot where he had seen me sink, and soon located me lying on the bottom. Reaching down he got a firm hold on an arm and dragged me ashore more dead than alive. He then held me up with my head down, the water running from throat and lungs. Sitting down on a log he placed me across his knees, worked my arms to and fro, as Johnnie said, “like pump handles,” and then pressed my chest against his knees repeatedly, and slapped me smartly on the breast and back, until I began to breathe faintly, whereupon he sang out, as Johnnie said, “Bully boy! Keep it up!” Then when somewhat revived, he carried me up to the box car, Johnnie following with my clothes. He made a fire in his stove, heated some coffee, which he gave to me quite hot. He rubbed the cramps from my limbs, replaced my clothes, and finally standing me on my feet near the stove said : “It was a mighty close shave; a few minutes more and you would have croaked, sure enough.” JOHNNIE and I were very profuse in our thanks for his timely assist- ance, and asked what we could do to reward him. He replied: “I have a boy about the same age as you are, and he might need a friend some day when in a tight place, for one good turn deserves another.” “What’s his name?” inquired Johnnie. “Same name as mine, Jerry,” he an- sw^ered. “Next Saturday we will be here again,” said Johnnie, “and please have Jerry here too so w’e can meet him.” “Very good,” said he, “Jerry wdll be very glad to come and meet you.” 1 then took my Barlow knife from my pocket, which special brand of knife men as old as I am will remember well, and handed it to Mr. Jerry, saying: “Please give this knife to your boy as a keepsake from us.” “Thank you kindly,” he replied, “Jerry ought to be very proud to owm such a fine knife.” By that time I had begun to feel strong enough to walk home. He took my jacket and warmed it at the stove, put it on me and said: "Good-bye laddies, don’t hurry; rest May, 1919 FOREST AND STREAM 251 by the way; but get home as soon as you can.” When about halfway to town I hap- pened to place my hand in my pocket and found my knife, much to my sur- prise, and said: “Oh, Johnnie; Mr. Jerry put the knife back in my jacket pocket when he warmed it at the stove!” “Yes,” said he, “you know a knife cuts friendship; that’s why.” At the appointed time Johnnie and I went to visit our friend at the box car, to meet young Jerry. We took with us a small package containing a selection of our best crystals, agates, chaneys and white alleys, and a lignum-vitae top with a sharp steel plug capable of splitting any ordinary top when “plugging in the ring.” To these were added my copy of “The Boy’s Own Book,” a fishing line fitted with hook, sinker and a red and green float. These treasures we intend- ed for young Jerry. But bitter disap- pointment awaited us, for on arriving at the old box car we found, not Jerry, but another man, his successor, who in- formed us that our friend had been pro- moted and transferred to a station far- ther up the line, but he did not know just where. We never saw Jerry again, as we failed to locate him after dilligent inquiry. We never told our parents of the affair at the old stone quarry for fear that they would have lost confidence in our oft-repeated assertion that we could “swim like ducks.” As previously stated, when I lost con- sciousness and sank for the last time, Johnnie appeared to me like a huge white bird about to take flight. He ex- plained this by saying that he was then removing his white shirt, w'hich was pulled up over his head with his arms stretched out. This illusion to my dis- torted vision perhaps had some connec- tion with his anticipated flight of the month before. (to be continued) THE BOY AND THE TROUT (CONTINUED FROM PAGE 214) all, and the fight was on again. During the next few moments the Boy experienced many thrills, both of elation and of despair, as the big trout came almost within his grasp and then as sud- denly eluded him. It seemed to the Boy as though the fate of empires hung in the balance. What if he should make some clumsy move at the very end and the prize that was almost his should be denied him? To make a very long story a little shorter, the Boy was finally fortunate enough to get his thumb into those gills, and after what seemed like two hours of the greatest fight he ever had with a fish (but which w'as probably half an hour) , he laid that beautiful old war- rior on the grass and danced for joy. One of the most triumphal entries in history took place a little later as the Boy approached the group still sitting around the fire at home, and carelessly displayed a 16-inch brook trout to the admiring gaze of the scoffers. out Mullins “Izaak Walton” model is the most successful! and practical fishing boat ever designed. Won’t tip over and has a very light draft. Noiseless — can be rowed or paddled will last a liftime. Can be equipped with line or fish box, sewed chair and other conveniences for the fisherman. * Mullin’s Steel Boats Can^t Sink For the fisherman — or any boat user — aMullinsisthesafest, most serviceable boat that floats. It can’t sink, can’t leak, can’t waterlog. Air-tight compartments like a life boat. Built like a U. S. torpedo boat — pressed steel hull can’t puncture, warp, dry or check. Never needs calk- -free from all defects of the wooden boat, yet has all its bouyancy. Send for our beautifully illustrated catalog showing many models of canoes, rowboats and launches in steel and wood W. H. MULLINS CO. 650 Franklin St. Salem* Ohio STAUNCH as a BOOT FLEXIBLE as a MOCCASIN Hera--Mr. Sportsmao Is the boot you've been longing for— bo light and pliable that you can tramp all day in it without get- ting footsore; built to give you years of gruelling service. ussgIIs "Ike Iton’ cowhides, with flejuble, long-wearing Maple Pac Soles. Ask your dealerfor **Ike Waltons”— if ho can’t supply you, write for Cat- alog |Vf. W. C RUSSELL MOCCASIN CO. Berlin, Wisconsn No. a Open — showing equipment AUTO-K AMP- KOOK-KIT The most dependable gasoline Outing stove on the market. A necessity for every auto. No. 2 Closed — equipment packet inside Size 5x10x13, weight 17 pounds. Substantial, Durable, Efficient WILL BURN IN ANY WIND We make other sizes; write for prices. PRENTISS-WABERS MFG. CO. Grand Rapids, Wis. i Spring St. ANGLERS! Send a Postal Card to (he undersigned for a 1 DESCRIPTIVE and PRICED CATALOGUE of RODS, REELS AND i ANGLING BOOKS From the Collection of DR. JAMES A. HENSHALL, 811 Dayton Street CINCINNATI, OHIO owtyasc k Agents Wanted pUm%uT!^w^^wl _ _ WITHTHIS" SAFETY HAIR CUTTER . If you can COMB your hair you can cot your I this marvelouB invention. Cuts the batr any desired length, abort or long. Does «ie job as nicely as any barber In quarter the time, before your own mirror. You can cut the children's hair at borne in a jiffy. Can be need as an ordinary razor to ehave the face or nnish around temple or neck Sharpened like any razor.® I.a8t0 a lifetime. ^Saves its cost first time used. PRICE ONLY postpaid. Extra Blades 5e each. JOHNSON SMITH h. CO.* Dept. 723 . 3224 N.HalstedSL,Chicae.> Make your Watches. Cl^ks, etc., visible by night. Emits — Tsye of LIGHT in dark. The darker the better. Elasily ach plied.^An^meeandort. Three sizea— 25c. 60c and 21. postpaid. JOHNSON SMITH Si CO« Dept. 723. 3224 N. Halsted St,. Chicago NEW BOOK ON ROPE SPLICING! ul Knots. Hitches, splices, etc^Huw didcrcni knots ate made and 1 aViJc'hSUtC lL"h'*g'!*bl«kiT«kl«!%i^VR!cE’3S { lOHNlON SMITH A CO.. O.pL 723 3224* Hal. lad Si.. CHICACO | 252 May, 191^ FOREST A x\ D S T R E A M TROUT FLY-FISHING IN AMERICA By Charles Zibeon Southard Illustrations and Colored Plates by H, H. Leonard Angling Sportsmen Will Find in This Book A Classification of all the species of Trout found in American waters, whieh is more complete and more serviceably ar- ranged than any other in print. Superbly executed plates in colors illustrating the author’s descriptions of the more important variations in color and marking of trout. Reliable bints as to the best equipment, and the handling of the Rod, the Reel, the Line, the Leader, the Fly. based upon -more than twenty-five years’ study of the habits of trout and the best ways of catching them. A fair-minded discussion of the merits of the Wet-Fly and Dry-Fly methods of fishing. Lists of flies best suited to certain waters, directions for making one’s own leaders, and a wealth of miscellaneous data simply invaluable to even the most experienced angler. A Book for Every Angler’s Library PRICE $8.00 Address — Book Department, Forest and Stream, 9 East 40lh St., New York City SHEEP HUNTING IN MEXICO (continued from page 205) hit usually runs down, so I ran around the point to try for another shot. In looking for my game, I heard a racket among the rocks above me and espied my ram kicking his last. By the time I had him dragged to the bottom, my guide was there and told me he had killed his. The one I got was a beauti- ful specimen, while not a record set of horns, still it is one of the best in Texas and now adorns a wall in my home. While the guide went after the team to haul in our game, I continued on around the mountain and soon discovered another lone sheep bounding from rock to rock. I opened fire and the second shot hit him hard and started him down the mountain. I continued firing until I emptied my rifle but for some cause or other was unable to hit him again. I hastily climbed up where the sheep was and found that he was bleeding profusely. I expected to have that sheep in a very short time, so pulled off my CQ^t, left my canteen and camera and started along the bloody trail. After about two hours of the hardest climbing I ever did in my life, I decided to let him go, as he crossed saddle after sad- dle in the mountain and started for the higher points. I knew from this, that the wound was not serious. Then the weary trudge back to where I had left my coat and canteen. It was late when I returned to camp and after partaking of supper consisting of broiled sheep, fried potatoes, coffee and flap-jacks, I soon turned in for the night. About lO o’clock the next morning while returning to camp we no- ticed dust rising in the distance; my guide hastily climbed upon a rock, and immediately climbed down again, and without excitement announced: “Bandits — on our trail!” We made a run for the rocks and hid, hoping they would pass, but they had discovered us climbing through the rocks and five of them advanced toward us. We did not want to kill them, neither did we want them to kill us, so my guide decided to send a ball in front of them as a warning. When the 30-30 kicked up the dust in front of them they stopped short and after a few minutes hesita- tion they wheeled their horses and rode off in the direction from whence they came. We got real busy getting our trophies in the wagon and did not stop until we were safely on American soil. In conclusion I wish to say for the benefit of any sportsman wanting to hunt sheep, that I believe that this sec- tion of the country cannot be excelled. It is a delightful place for an outing in the winter, being free from rain or snow, climatic conditions all that can be de- sired and with a guide who knows the country, one cannot fail to kill at least two or three sheep, and I was informed by my guide that a little further in the interior sheep were extremely plentiful. Charges for guide are very reasonable. FOREST AND S T R E A :\I 253 |i May, 1919 - ^ . Iti THE MARKET PLACE ■r , ^ ANTIQUES AND CURIOS 50,000 COINS, MEDALS, BILLS, GUNS, swords, pistols, daggers, Indian relics, stamp col- lections, engravings, antiques, curios. Collections | wanted. Lists 4c. Antique Shop, 33 South 18th St., Philadelphia, Pa. CALIFORNIA GOLD, QUARTER SIZE, 27c; size, 53c; Dollar size, $1.10. Large cent, 100 years old and catalogue, 10c. Norman Shultz, King City, Mo. HIGHEST PRICES PAID FOR OLD COINS. Keep all Old Money; you may have valuable coins. Send 10c for Illustrated Buying Price List, 4x6. Get posted at once. Clarke Coin Co.. Box 97, LeRoy, N. Y. INDIAN BASKETS— WHOLESALE AND tail. Catalogue. Gilham, Highland Springs, fornia. RE. Cali- INDIAN RELICS, 44 PAGE CLEARING LIST free. Grutzmacher, Mukwonago, Wis. AUTO ACCESSORIES FORDS RUN 34 MILES PER GALLON WITH our 1919 carburetors. Use cheapest gasoline or half kerosene. Start easy any weather. Increased power. Styles for all motors. Runs slow high gear. .\ttach yourself. Big profits for agents. Money back guarantee, 30 days’ trial. Air-Friction Carburetor Co., 550 Madison St.. Dayton. Ohio. BOARDERS WANTED A QUIET AND COMFORTABLE FARM house in the Berkshires for Fishing and Hunting. Mrs. M. H. Roche. Chapinville. Conn. EGGS FOR BREEDING CHINESE RING-NECK PHEASANT EGGS, $3.50 dozen; S2.1-100. Ornamental varieties, $5 dozen. Simpson's Pheasant Farm, Corvallis, Ore- gon. EGGS— "WILD MALLARD, $2.50, 12; $20.00, 100. English Caller. $5.00, 12; $40.00. 100. Black Mallard, $4.00, 12 eggs. (Extra drakes, few hens; stamp). Mail draft. E. Breman Co., Danville, 111. FISH BAIT A YELLOW MEAL WORM IS THE LARVA of a Beetle known scientifically as Tenelwio ' Molitor. It's a substitute bait for an earthworm, and is clean to handle, too. 300, $1.00; 500, I $1.50: express prepaid. C. B. Kern, 3 Main St., Mount Joy, Pa. FISH FOR STOCKING FISH FOR STOCKING— BROOK TROUT FOR stocking purposes. Eyed eggs in season. N. F. Hoxie, Plymouth, Mass. SMALL-MOUTH BLACK BASS, "WE HAVE the only establishment dealing in young small- mouth black bass commercially in the "United States. Vigorous young bass in various sizes, ranging from advanced fry to 3 and 4 inch finger- lings for stocking purposes. Waramaug Small- Mouth Black Bass Ilatchery. Correspondence in- vited. Send for circulars. Address Henry W. Beeman, New Preston. Conn. FOR SALE $25.00 EACH FOR A FEW CABIN SITES on beautiful Bois Blanc Island, Mackinac Straits, Mich.; sportsman’s paradise for hunting, fishing, boating. Warranty deed, perfect title. A. Schim- mel, Pontiac, Mich. A GREAT BARGAIN. HUNTING AND FISH- ing lodge, Brj-son Island, Lake Temiscamingue. Quebec. Beautiful summer home with all equip- ment. X, Care of Forest and Stream. FOR SALE— ONE (1) SHARE OF THE ST. Marguerite Salmon Oub. Security Trust Com- pany, Hartford, Conn. FOR SALE — RARE RABBIT SKIN HUDSON Ray Indian Blanket in perfect condition. En- mpse stamp for full description and price. R. D. B., Jr., 1120 Spruce St , Philadelphia, Pa. A nominal charge of five cents per •word will carry classified messages to our army of readers on farms, in the towns and cities, and at the end of blazed trails. FOR SALE LARGE ESTATE CONSISTING OF AN Island on the Georgia coast, easily accessible. Island fourteen miles long, embodying twelve thousand acres of high land and fifteen thousand acres of hammocks and marshes; fifteen hundred acres open fields; eleven million feet standing timber; pasturage for two thousand head of cat- tle and an unlimited number of hogs, and no finer game preserve in the South; Deer and Birds in unlimited numbers, and good duck shoot- ing. Address P. O., Box 108, Savannah, Ga. MECHANICAL NOVELTY FOR OLD AND young. Barrel of laughs, amusement and fun. Show' your friends and hear them holler; have 20 mailed for quarter of a dollar. Rullet Co., Hart- ford, Conn. SAW TAKEN FROM 17-FOOT SAW-FISH; make offer. Geo. Cantine, Morgan City, La. GUNS AND AMMUNITION BUY, SELL AND EXCHANGE ALL SORTS OF old-time and modern firearms. Stephen Van Rensselaer, 805 Madison Ave., New York City. FOR SALE — COLT 38 MILITARY AUTO- matic holster and belt, good condition. Thirty dollars. John Allyn, Mystic, Conn. NO. 404 STEVENS LONG RIFLE, NEW; trade for small bore shot gun of equal value. Hugh Mallett, Bradford, 111. REBLUE OR BROWN YOUR GUNS. RIFLES, etc., at home at small cost, guaranteed recipe, same as factories use, 50^. Stamps or money order. E. J. Simon, D. 1 Dane. Wis. REMINGTON AUTOLOADING RIFLE, 35- calibre, clips and case. Lyman peep-sight rear. Ivory bead, good condition guaranteed, $25.00. Goss, 83 North Front St., Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio. WANTED — 1911 MODEL SAVAGE, 22-CAL. Repeating Rifle in fair condition. Geo. Nichols, 243 First St., Batavia, 111. WANTED— EMPTY .256 NEWTON SHELLS. Pay your price. Geo. A. Nyman, 1220 Revell .‘\ve., Rockford, 111. INVENTIONS INVENTIONS COMMERCIALIZED. CASH or royalty. Adam Fisher Mfg. Co., 195.A. St. Louis, Mo. LIVE STOCK FOR BREEDING FANCY POULTRY FOR SALE: 30 VARI- eties: catalogue free. Herman Blumer, Ber- ger, Mo. RAISE BELGIAN HARES FOR ME, I furnish magnificent, young thoroughbred Rufus Red stock at $2 each, and buy all you raise at 30 to 60 cents per pound, live weight; send ten cents for complete Breeder’s Instruction Booklet. Frank E. Cross, 64 33 Ridge, St. Louis, Mo. MISCELLANEOUS BILLIARD TABLE, 3x6 FEET. BUILD yourself at small cost. Blue prints from scale drawings and complete instructions one dollar. H. G. Smith, 419 \V. Hudson, Royal Oak, Mich. EARN $25 WEEKLY, SPARE TIME, WRIT- ing for newspapers, magazines. Exp. unnec.; de- tails Free. Press Syndicate, 529, St. Louis, Mo. SHORT STORIES, POEMS, PLAYS, ETC., are wanted for publication. Literary Bureau. 149, Hannibal. Mo. PHOTO SUPPLIES FILMS DEVELOPED, 10 CENTS; PRINTS. 4 cents. Wingard, 801 16th St., Port Huron. Mich. MAIL US 15c. WITH ANY SIZE FILM FOR development and 6 velvet prints; or send 6 nega- tives any size and 15(t for 6 prints; 8x10 mounted enlargements, 35d; prompt, perfect service. Roa- noke Photo Finishing Co., 220 Bell Ave., Roanoke, Va. REAL ESTATE SHAWNEE COUNTY, KANSAS, FARM BAR- gains, near Topeka, (a city of 50,000 inhabitants). No better all purpose country in U. S. As good as Iowa or Illinois land at half their value; 240- acre farm $27,000; 160-acre farm, $12,000; SO-acre farm, $7,000. Terms; half cash, 5 to 20 years on balance. J. E. Thompson (The Farmer Land Man), R. 15, Tecumseh, Kansas. REAL ESTATE FOR SPORTSMEN $1.00 WILL BRING YOU NEW MINNESOTA map showing .Auto Roads, Lakes, etc. ; also in- cludes list of lands fronting on beautiful streams and lake, which we have for sale. There’s an in- creasing demand for lake frontage in this part of the state and advise purchase before prices go up. Northern Realty Company, thirty years in Duluth, Minn. $5.00 DOWN, $5.00 MONTHLY; SEVEN acres fruit, poultry, fur farm; river front; Ozarks; $100; hunting, fishing, trapping. 1973 North Fifth, Kansas City, Kans. FOR SALE— IDEAL LOCATION FOR HUNT- ing lodge on Yellow River, Burnett County, Wis- consin. Many good fishing lakes in district. River bank overlooks nine-acre wild rice swamp in bend of river. (did timers say best duck shooting in Northern Wisconsin. Forty acres in tract over- looking the big rice swamp. Sixteen miles from Spooner or Webster, 3 miles to inland town. Will sell tract outright for $600 or will lease for period of years. Members of shooting clubs write for further particulars. R. R. Ling, 333 Palace Bldg., Minneapolis, Minn. TO-LET— BUNGALOW AT LAKE COBBOS- see, 6 miles from Augusta, Me., by electric road. Furnished: sleeps six; bath and toilet: wood and ice: landlocked salmon, trout, bass, white perch, pickerel in lake. Two weeks, $75; four. $125; May and June, $225. William Welch, R. F. D. 8, Hallow-ell, Me. SITUATION WANTED EXPERT TROUT CULTURIST WITH TWEN- ty years’ experience, wishes position as superin- tendent of hatchery, also expert in building lakes and dams and laying out hatcheries. Best of ref- erences given. John Rackow, Eastport, Long Island, N. Y. SUMMER OUTING A CRUISE FOP AN EXCLUSIVE PARTY OF four or less on cbe cruiser “Whynot” on the pro- jected waters of Sno River and Georgian Bay, Lake Huron. Fine fishing, exploring and boating. All the comforts of home with the enjoyment of camp life and beautiful scenery. For further in- formation address W. C. Kepler, Master and Owner, Marquette. Mich. WANTED TO PURCHASE WANTED— 32 COLTS OR SMITH. "WESSON with 6 inch barrel, in 38 or 44 frame. State con- dition. Frank O. Dixon, Knoxville, la. 254 FOREST AND S T R E A ]\1 May, 1919 THE KENNEL MART In transactions between strangers, the purchase price in the form of a draft, money order or certified check payable to the seller should be deposited with some disinterested third person or with this of- fice with the understanding that it is not to be transferred until the dog has been received and found to be satisfactory. AIREDALES FOR SALE— “BADLAND RUSH,” A FINE registered one year old Western Airedale Terrier; a fine, healthy Airedale with best of training. Price $35.00 if taken at once. S04 \\'isconsin St., Charles City, Iowa. FOR SALE— LITTER OF REGISTERED Airedale pups, good as the best, better than the rest; males, $15.00; females, $10.00; for these. Write, F. W. Aikins, Viroqua, Wis. “SPORTING AIRDALES”— ALWAYS A FEW puppies from parents that combine the greatest winning blood-lines in Airedale history with real hunting ability. Our breeding stock has an in- ternational reputation which is your protection against receiving inferior dogs, stales $25.00 up. Lionheart Kennels (Reg.), Anaconda, Jlontana. (Formerly Washoe Kennels.) COCKER SPANIELS COCKER SPANIELS, HIGHTEST QALITY English and American strains; hunting, attractive auto and family dogs; puppies, males, $15; fe- males, $10. Obo Cocker Kennels, “Englewood,” Denver, Colorado. COLLIES THE LARGEST AND BEST COLLIES IN this country for their age sent on approval. Book on the training and care of Collies, fifty cents. Dundee Collie Kennels, Dundee, Mich. WHITE COLLIES, BEAUTIFUL, INTELLI- gent, refined and useful; pairs not a kin for sale. The Shomont, Monticello, la. GUN DOGS FOR SALE— SIX MALE, TWO FEMALE, liver and white pointer puppies. Good hunting stock. Nelson Morey, 1 Hasen Street, Milford, Mass. LLEWELLIN, ENGLISH, IRISH SETTER pups and trained do-gs, also Irish Water Spaniels, Chesapeake Bay Retriever, Pointers both in pups and trained dogs. Inclose stamps for price lists. Thoroughbred Kennels, Atlantic, Iowa. HOUNDS CLOSING OUT THIS MONTH— SEVERAL fine trained Fox Hounds, Rabbit Hounds, and Royally Bred Puppies: Coon, Skunk, Opossum and Squirrel Dogs at cost. Stamp brings descrip- tion and price of the dog you want. Powell Val- ley Kennels, Jonesville, Lee County, \'irginia. HOUNDS FOR SALE— AT ALL TIMES. HOUNDS FOR any game. Trial allowed. Sen