fws/o£s-7?//o

Biological Services Program

w h o I
DOCUMENT

COLLECTION

FWS/OBS-78/10
August 1979

An Ecological Characterization Study of the
Chenier Plain Coastal Ecosystem of
Louisiana and Texas

VOLUME II
APPENDIXES

Interagency Energy-Environment Research and Development Program

OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

AND

Fish and Wildlife Service

U.S. Department of the Interior

The Biological Services Program was established within the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
to supply scientific information and methodologies on key environmental issues that
impact fish and wildlife resources and their supporting ecosystems. The mission of the
program is as follows:

• To strengthen the Fish and Wildlife Service in its role as a primary source of

information on national fish and wildlfe resources, particularly in respect to
environmental impact assessment.

• To gather, analyze, and present information that will aid decisionmakers in
the identification and resolution of problems associated with major changes in
land and water use.

• To provide better ecological information and evaluation for Department of
the Interior development programs, such as those relating to energy deve-
lopment.

Information developed by the Biological Services Program is intended for use
in the planning and decisionmaking process to prevent or minimize the impact of
development on fish and wildlife. Research activities and technical assistance services are
based on anaysis of the issues, a determination of the decisionmakers involved and their
information needs, and an evaluation of the state of the art to identify information gaps
and determine priorities. This is a strategy that will ensure that the products produced
and disseminated are timely and useful.

Projects have been initiated in the following areas: coal extraction and conver-
sion; power plants; geothermal, mineral, and oil shale development; water resource
analysis, including stream alterations and western water allocation; coastal ecosys-
tems and Outer Continental Shelf development; and systems inventory, including
National Wetland Inventory, habitat classification and analysis, and information transfer.

The Biological Services Program consists of the Office of Biological Services in
Washington, D.C., which is responsible for overall planning and management; National
Teams, which provide the Program's central scientific and technical expertise and arrange
for contracting biological services studies with states, universities, consulting firms, and
others; Regional Staff, who provide a link to problems at the operating level; and staff at
certain Fish and Wildlife Service research facilities, who conduct in house research
studies.

Cover photo: Lloyd Poissenot, Louisiana Wildlife & Fisheries Commission.

FWS/OBS-78/10
August 1979

AN ECOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION STUDY

OF THE CHENIER PLAIN COASTAL ECOSYSTEM

OF LOUISIANA AND TEXAS

VOLUME II

DOCUMENT

APPENDIXES / I] RY

Woods Hole Demographic
Institution

James G. Gosselink, Principal Investigator
Center for Wetland Resources

Louisiana State University
Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803

and

Carroll L. Cordes

John W. Parsons

National Coastal Ecosystems Team

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service

NASA Slidell Computer Complex

Slidell, Louisiana 70458

This study was conducted

as part of the Federal

Interagency Energy/Environment

Research and Development Program

Office of Research and Development

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

National Coastal Ecosystems Team

: Office of Biological Services

: D Fish and Wildlife Service

o

/-» — — "O
= CD

' r~ U.S. Department of the Interior

Slidell, Louisiana 70458

Howard D. Tait

1 m Team Leader

a

f-> >-•- ;.V 51

(CEO-234)

United States Department of the Interior

FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE

National Coastal Ecosystems Team
NASA/SI idell Computer Complex
Slidell, Louisiana 70458

Dear Colleague:

The attached three volume report, "An Ecological Characterization Study
of the Chenier Plain Co?.stal Ecosystem of Louisiana and Texas," is the
result of a contract funded by the Environmental Protection Agency.
This study was conducted to provide an information synthesis for use by
coastal resource planners. The report emphasizes the functional relation-
ships between resources and the environment within the Chenier Plain
Region, and identifies linkages between socioeconomic and ecological
systems.

Any comments about the contents, or usefulness of this report will be
appreciated.

Sincerely yours,

&W\

Robert E. Stewart, Jr.
Team Leader

PREFACE

The purpose of this ecological characterization was to compile existing information about the biological, physi-
cal, and social sciences for the Chenier Plain of Louisiana and Texas. Decisionmakers, among others, may use this re-
port for coastal planning and management. This is the first in a series of characterizations of coastal ecosystems that
will be produced by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Future studies will include the sea islands of Georgia and
South Carolina, the rocky coast of Maine, the coast of northern and central California, the Pacific Northwest (Oregon
and Washington), the Mississippi deltaic plain, and the Texas barrier islands.

Funding for this study was provided through the Interagency Energy/Environment Research and Development
Program, which is planned and coordinated by the Environmental Protection Agency Office of Energy, Minerals, and
Industry. Inaugurated in FY75, this program serves to coordinate the efforts of 77 Federal agencies and departments
to provide environmental data and technology for the protection of natural resources which may be threatened by
the development of domestic energy sources.

Any suggestions or questions regarding this publication should be directed to:

Information Transfer Specialist
National Coastal Ecosystems Team
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
NASA-Slidell Computer Complex
1010 Gause Blvd.
SlidelLLA 70458

This report should be cited:

Gosselink, J. G., C. L. Cordes, and J. W. Parsons. 1979. An ecological characterization study of the Chenier
Plain coastal ecosystem of Louisiana and Texas. 3 vols. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Office of Biological Services.
FWS/OBS-78/9 through 78/1 1.

U 1

6.

0

G

1

6

Kl)

6

1(2)

0

1(3)

6

1(4)

6

1(5)

6

1(6)

6

1(7)

LIST OF APPENDIXES

Appendix Title Page

INTRODUCTION 1

CHENIER PLAIN DATA SOURCES 2

Chenier Plain data sources - geology, geography, and

physiography 2

Chenier Plain data sources - hydrology 5

Chenier Plain data sources - meteorology 7

Chenier Plain data sources - chemistry 8

Chenier Plain data sources - biology - multiple species 12

Chenier Plain data sources - biology - wetland flora 13

Chenier Plain data sources - biology - plankton and

benthic algae 16

6.1(8) Chenier Plain data sources - biology - invertebrates 17

6.1(9) Chenier Plain data sources - biology - herpetofauna 19

Chenier Plain data sources - biology - fish 22

Chenier Plain data sources - biology - mammals 25

Chenier Plain data sources - biology - birds 26

Chenier Plain data sources - socioeconomics 29

Chenier Plain data sources - comprehensive studies

impact analysis 32

CHENIER PLAIN SOCIOECONOMIC DATA 34

Louisiana oil and gas production from individual oil

fields, by basin, in 1974 34

Texas oil and gas production from individual oil and gas

fields, by basin, in 1974 46

Total Chenier Plain mineral fuel production, by basin,

in 1974 48

Brine water disposal from individual Louisiana fields,

by basin, in 1974 49

Producing oil and gas wells for 1974 in Chenier Plain

basins and the total number of wells 51

Value of agricultural products in Chenier Plain counties/

parishes in 1974 54

Total value of- farm products from Chenier Plain counties/

parishes in 1974 55

Value of crops from Chenier Plain counties/parishes in 1974 56

6.

11

10)

6.

1(

11)

6.

1(

12)

6.

1(

13)

6.

1(

14)

6.

2

6.

2

1)

6

2

2)

6

2

:s)

6

2

[4)

6

2

:5)

6

2

(6)

6

.2

(7)

6

.2

(8)

LIST OF APPENDIXES (Continued)

App<

?ndix

6.2

19)

6.2

[10)

6.2

111)

6.2

112)

6.2

13)

6.2

14)

6.2

15)

6.2

16)

6.2

17)

6.2

18)

6.2|

19)

6.2(

20)

6.2

21)

6.2|

22)

6.3

6.3|

1)

6.3

2)

6.3(

3)

6.31

4)

6.31

5)

6.3(

6)

6.3

7)

6.3

(8)

6.3

(9)

Title

Method of conversion of county-based agriculture data to
Chenier Plain basins

Agricultural fertilizer use in Chenier Plain counties/
parishes in 1974

Estimated Texas (T) and Texas Chenier Plain (C) fur
harvest for selected species, 1972 to 1977

Estimated harvest of Chenier Plain muskrats by basin and
marsh types

Estimated harvest of Chenier Plain nutria by basin and
marsh types

Calculation of commercial fisheries yield per estuarine
hectare for East Bay and Sabine basins

Western Louisiana commercial fisheries landings, 1970 to
1975

Texas commercial fisheries landings, 1970 to 1975

Total monthly distribution of industrial water use (mil-
lions of gallons) in 1967 for southwestern Louisiana

Waterborne commerce in the Vermilion Basin (Bayou Teche
and Vermilion River)

Waterborne commerce in Mermen tau Basin (Mermentau River,
Bayou Nizpique and Des Cannes)

Waterborne commerce in Calcasieu Basin (Lake Charles Deep
Water Channel, Calcasieu River and Pass)

Waterborne commerce in Sabine Basin (Sabine-Neches
Waterway and Sabine Pass Harbor)

Waterborne commerce in East Bay Basin (Anahuac Channel,
Trinity River Channel to Liberty, Cedar Bayou)

CHENIER PLAIN BIOLOGICAL DATA

Waterfowl sampling techniques and procedures

Data acquisition for dominant species of the Chenier Plain

Data acquisition for fish species of the Chenier Plain

Calculated net primary production i
Calculated net primary production i
Calculated net primary production i
Calculated net primary production i
Calculated net primary production

n Vermil ion Basin
n Mermentau Basin
n Chenier Basin
n Calcasieu Basin
n Sabine Basin

Calculated net primary production in East Bay Basin

Page

57

59

60

61

62

63

64
65

68

69

70

71

72

73
74
74
75
77
79
80
81
82
83
84

VI

Appendix

6.

3(10)

6

3(11)

6.
6

3(12)
3(13)

6

6
6

3(14)
3(15)
3(16)

6

3(17)

6

3(18)

6

3(19)

6

3(20)

6

3(21)

6

3(22)

6
6

3(23)
.3(24)

6.3

6
6

3(26)
3(27)

6

3(28)

6

3(29)

6

3(30)

LIST OF APPENDIXES (Continued)

Title Page

Potential hunting use (man day/yr) by habitat for each
Chenier Plain basin 85

Ecological characteristics of important waterfowl species

in the Chenier Plain 88

List of plants by habitat for Rockefeller Refuge 98

Representative vertebrate species of Impounded Marsh
Habitat in the Chenier Plain 101

Species of epiphytic algae found in Salt Marsh Habitat 115

Net epiphytic production on stems of Spartina 117

Representative benthos collected in Barataria Bay,
Louisiana 118

Representative vertebrate species of the Salt Marsh
Habitat in the Chenier Plain 120

Representative vertebrate species of the Brackish Marsh
Habitat in the Chenier Plain 129

Representative vertebrate species of the Intermediate

Marsh Habitat in the Chenier Plain 139

Checklist of aquatic organisms collected in an Intermediate
Marsh Habitat in Cameron Parish, Louisiana, 14 May 1974
to 26 October 1975 149

Representative vertebrate species of the Fresh Marsh
Habitat in the Chenier Plain 154

Representative benthic invertebrates described for the

Fresh Marsh Habitat in coastal southeastern Louisiana 166

Shrubs and other plants in the Swamp Forest Habitat 167

Representative vertebrate species of the Swamp Forest
Habitat in the Chenier Plain 168

25) Macroinvertebrates identified in the Swamp Forest Habitat

of coastal and southeastern Louisiana 184

Generalized aquatic food web 190

A taxonomic listing of zooplankton identified in the

Nearshore Gulf Habitat off southeastern Louisiana 192

A taxonomic list of benthic infauna taken by ponar

grab sampler along the southeastern Louisiana coast 194

Representative vertebrates, excluding fishes, of the

Nearshore Gulf Habitat in the Chenier Plain 195

Fishes of the Nearshore Gulf and Inland Open
Water habitats in the Chenier Plain. 198

vn

LIST OF APPENDIXES (Continued)

Title Page

Phytoplankton species found in inshore open waters in

southeastern Louisiana 225

Components of the zooplankton recorded for Louisiana In-
land Open Water Habitat 228

Representative brackish water macrioinvertebrates collected
from the Calcasieu estuary. (A) Map of Calcasieu estuary
showing sampling stations (B) Taxonomic listing 233

Freshwater and brackish water benthic organisms in south-
eastern Louisiana Inland Open Water Habitat 239

Representative vertebrates, excluding fish, of the Inland
Open Water Habitat in the Chenier Plain 243

Fishes of Inland Open Water Habitat in the Chenier Plain 255

Dune stabilization practices 286

Representative vertebrates of the Beach Habitat in the
Chenier Plain 288

Plant species dominant on spoil banks in Rockefeller
Wildlife Refuge in the Chenier Plain 294

Representative vertebrates of the Ridge (Chenier, Levee,
and Spoil Bank) Habitat in the Chenier Plain 295

Land birds likely to make regular trans-Gulf flights in

spring 315

Representative vertebrates ofthe Upland Forest Habitat in
the Chenier Plain 317

Representative vertebrates of the Pasture Habitat in the

Chenier Plain 330

Representative vertebrates of the Rice Field Habitat in

the Chenier Plain 342

CHENIER PLAIN HYDR0L0GICAL DATA AND HABITAT DATA 357

Method for calculating phosphorus loading rates of Chenier

Plain basins 357

Sabine Basin water discharge calculations 359

Calcasieu Basin water discharge calculations 360

Mermentau/Chenier Basin water discharge calculations 361

Vermilion Basin water discharge calculations 363

Phosphorus input, discharge, and total P concentration

for eutrophication sensitivity analysis, East Bay Basin 365

6.4 (2b) Phosphorus input, discharge, and total P concentration

for eutrophication sensitivity analysis, Sabine Basin .'366

v i i i

Appendix

6

3(31)

6

3(32)

6

3(33)

6

3(34)

6

3(35)

6

6
6

3(36)
3(37)
3(38)

6

3(39)

6

3(40)

6

3(41)

6

3(42)

6

3(43)

6

3(44)

6
6

4
4(1)

6
6
6
6
6

4(la)
4(lb)
4(lc)
4(ld)
,4(2a)

LIST OF APPENDIXES (Continued)

Appendix
6.4(2c)

6.4(2d)

S.4(2e)

6.4(3)
6.4(4)

6.4(5)

6.4(6)

6.4(7a)

6.4(7b)
6.4(7c)

G.4(7d)

C.4(7e)

6.4(7f)

6.5

Title

Phosphorus input, discharge, and total P concentration
for eutrophication sensitivity analysis, Calcasieu Basin

Phosphorus input, discharge, and total P concentration for
eutrophication analysis, Mermentau/Chenier Basin

Phosphorus input, discharge, and total P concentration for
eutrophication sensitivity analysis Vermilion Basin

Techniques employed in habitat and canal inventory

Habitat area (ha) in 1974 by basin, in the Chenier Plain
region

Net habitat changes 1952 to 1974 in Chenier Plain basins
(ha)

Habitat changes (ha) matrix for the entire Chenier Plain,
1952 to 1974

Habitat changes (ha
1974

Habitat changes (ha

Habitat changes (ha
1974

Habitat changes (ha
to 1974

Habitat changes (ha
1974

Habitat changes (ha
1974

LITERATURE CITED

matrix for East Bay Basin, 1954 to

matrix for Sabine Basin, 1952 to 1974
matrix for Calcasieu Basin, 1952 to

matrix for the Mermentau Basin, 1952

matrix for Chenier Basin, 1952 to

matrix for Vermilion Basin, 1952 to

Page

366

367

368
369

373

374

375

376
377

378

379

380

381
382

IX

An Ecological Characterization Study

of the

Chenier Plain Coastal Ecosystem

of Louisiana and Texas

6.0 INTRODUCTION

An ecological system or ecosystem is a complex
of plants and animals interacting with one another
and with their habitat or physical environment. Man,
too, is an integral part of the ecosystem and his
actions and activities influence, and are influenced
by, other processes and components. Only when man
understands how ecosystems operate will he be able
to improve his management of natural resources
and guide developments generated by his social
and economic systems.

An ecological characterization study describes
the important components and processes of an eco-
system and provides an understanding of their inter-
relationships by synthesizing and integrating exist-
ing physical, biological, and socioeconomic infor-
mation. The main purpose is to provide an informa-
tion base to aid in evaluating human impacts on
the ecosystem and to provide an ecological frame-
work for guiding resource management and coastal
planning.

The Chenier Plain in southwestern Louisiana and
southeastern Texas is a relatively large coastal eco-
system created by 5,000 years of sediment deposition
from the Mississippi River. This ecosystem was selected
for study because of its biological diversity, valuable
fish and wildlife resources, and its proximity to actual
and proposed oil and gas production activities.

The contents of the Chenier Plain Ecological
Characterization are organized into three volumes.
Volume I is a narrative report containing a descrip-
tion and analysis of climatic, geomorphic, and func-
tional processes that formed, or are changing, the
Chenier Plain ecosystem. Descriptions of the drainage
basins, habitats, and some of the most important
animal species are presented.

Volume II (Appendixes), in five parts, generally
is a continuation of the elements of Volume I. Part
6.1 contains geological, hydrological, meterological,
chemical, biological, and socioeconomic data sources.
Part 6.2 describes socioeconomics, oil and gas pro-
duction, agricultural values, sport and commercial
fisheries, fur trapping, and waterborne transportation.
Part 6.3 gives biological information about primary
production, waterfowl, fishes, and a habitat/species
list. Part 6.4 contains data about water discharges,
phosphorus levels, and habitat changes. Literature
sources for the appendixes are listed in Part 6.5.

Volume III (Atlas) consists of the following
eleven plates (maps):

1.

2.
3.

5.

6.

Plates 1A and IB- Index Maps >s

Plate 2— The Pleistocene Erosional Surface
Plates 3A and 3B-Chenier Plain Habitat
Groups

Plates 4A and 4B-Chenier Plain Wetland
Habitats

Plates 5A and 5B-Canals and Point Source
Discharges

Plates 6A and 6B -Special Features (bird-
nesting colonies, archeological sites, refuges
and oyster reefs)

The letter "A" denotes the western portion of the
Chenier Plain, and "B" denotes the eastern portion.

The Chenier Plain Characterization is intended
for users having a moderate understanding of socio-
economic and ecological principles, and a concern
about resource management or coastal planning
problems.

CO

w
u

PS

O
CO

<

<
Q

<:

,-!
Pi

w

M

z
w

33
CJ

X
M
Q

W
Pi
P-i
5

Ph

nj ca

O tn

cO en •

U 'H It

O 4-1 4->

Cfl ,0 <

ex
cfl

n

60
O
•H

en

•a
a

a
to
u

oo
o

u
oo

oo
o

O

at
oo

(0
31
U
U

B
o
to

T3

Ph

0)

•H

C
01

x;
u

vD

-a
a
ai
a
a
<

X

<**! t?N

0

T) Oh

U-j

CJ

ai -*3

o

u >, C

U T C

C U -H

•H 2 <■

to

V Q>

lj q

4-1

W i-t HO

<a 3s

o

o y c

■^ ffl w

m

1-. O -H

D. t/1 w

o u — <

t<-<

y

-' ■- tj
to 2 3

fl O"

q u

<l

(0 H 4>

>*

c

0

h m 2
re T-* re

0 E

u oc y

O LI ^

u

0 -h

a O eg

c

u

at «h n

(fl T-» C

-o

Oh

c 0 1>

MH£^

to H

■H 3

re re g S
eu y o -3

_, a.

i

rM -a o

. u U <U

O •/"» «

-h as a

U —t 4-1

41 O

- TJ -

C a.

53

u O

a os

j3 -O
3 ON

&4 H

TJ
0)

c

•H

4-1
C

o

CJ

c a cr

sou
■^ u «

■OTJ u

v s to

t/» x j

V fl > >

a o- z a

52

a. s

33

32

O O*

u u

u u

T3

«33

U

u CO

'JJ >t

o -h ai

3 M u

a a u

O O

u

o «-• w

«-» jp -a

o c

r- C

O <a U

-O 3)

^

- o. >

<u c

r* a *-»

§ ° s.

>»

i u a

ja

3 a

■TJ W

jr

u n -

4J J-l </)

00

^ .O fH

(0 o o

ig J3

U ~» C/l

o

u to a

'Si Ck. _)

j_i

c/i a) X

a. a

a
v
a a

a

u a

O -H

o cu

•4-t CM

a

_I

C M

3) U

O 11

- V

c

l-i

*J c

<d

<U

a

a

O J=

-1 IX

■*r

0.0

CJ\ (J

■<

c
o
u

X)
0)
3
CI

a

o
o

O C/l

y

CJ

- — t

91

<B —t

W

co a

U

>

CO ■-*

x <a

.-• O

a

V <-*

3 —

o

H a.

'J yj

e

e

e

&

C

£

O

u

o

-u

o

4*

«J

C/l

u

C/l

t_>

C/l

^

a

_,

a

^

a

Q

o

o

o

o

o

VI

n

c/l

^

C/l

'3

>

u-»

>

«/i

>

■/■»

VI

U

c*S

c/l

-

«o

V)

41

o»

a

C7N

•u

o»

ui ^ t-> O

25

T3
ID
T3

H
O

C
o
u

X

•H

e

0)

ex
<

it

H O.

t 2

i £

0 V

0 V

o t/i

u w

O* (0

41 U1

p^

M

OB

O

o

tH

o

u

in

■M c

T3

0 J

>>

• t.

JG

o n

en
ai
o
>j

o
to

c8

c

•H

tH
CM

J-i

>

CD

<

•H

e

a)

rC

4

u

U
■H >

J3 U

O

T3
C

a.
ft
<

a u

o
a

TJ aj

■H U

H en

CH C
rt U O

m g -H

O Q A
Hi u

HO"

flaw

C 4J-H

o-t:

■H U

3 ■"' r? G

o c o

41 l- -H

C O W (0
) j3 w X D

a>

■v

3
H
O

e
o
u

■a

a

u

<d

w

ft
ft

>H >

JO U

<

X '.v

-n *.

c —

o =* _:

— id

a > 3

c *■ <-

< — -

hi -4 C

3 0 =
J Q <

<U -1 -fi

■m u a <u

&2

V ■"-» O

wi o a: a:

■J TJ

00 3

o o*

HflH C

o

n

o

•

•H

_

(J

u

u

u

a

41

c

V

o

C

«

>%

V

*

V

c

a

B

V

s

c

o

a

E

Ot.

<S

<

no

u

<.

II

b-i

o

6

o

c

c

Ul

UJ

V

(M

-.n

>

v>

CO

>

a

<M

V

V

-a

c^

=>

0

z

=>

o

3

Q

-c

^

J-

A

U

V)

Pt

•"•

~

c
0

V

o

V

u

Ul

5

>

-J

u

t/1

u-

5

1

«

o>

VI

_>

IB

**

z SS

50

o

rH
O

u
o

01

z It
a. O

01

e

01

o
u
d
o
to

-a

C
•H

u

a)

•H

c
a)
j=
u

-1 3

< _1 -O

x a.

r-t C

.-J o
4 -H

2 41 i

C 4) ■ «

w a « < :

!4»

£J5

c <n a •

w a < z

£.2

lei

a a) •

a < z

:i

u 3
35

X)

c

01

a

<

c wo

1 _ I — -

a) i-( (£ -h cq

- ■-> a —

3 * - 3 -o

us

I* Q, -rt 4)

It -H 0 > U

a. u p. -n a

0 4* 3 " r-4

It l- il D D

H ft. Q ^ «)

«/> k>

4) •

3 3

a <£ —k •

2£ 3.1

4 U tl O

z vi a u

a v)
3 =3

C U U W

fl 4> U O

•a C a. 0

-3 It U 3

u C a|

Z Ul Q U

e *j
ra c <r

B t^

is:

a- <fl

V Ul

>>

u

o

u

w

•H

B

<*. c

QJ

o o

X

Tj

a

o n

CO

0)
o

o
w

a

•H
CO

tH
PLI

M
CD

•H
C
0)

J3

T3

(3
0)

ex

<

U O -

a. a

90 vO

T3

0)

3
C
•H
•U

c
o
u

c >n

3,2

.-4 4

v

6^

M 3

3

0 *

C Mrt

-t a) 'fl

0£ 3

a. u cr

~Z *"> «l

-* on

-J o

3 O.H
O 41 V

- J M

CO U O
t0 Jl

T3
0)

C

O t* « 3 <S O

vi aa a o x -*

>» * 41 H f—

e •• e c2 i

' a wo - co

•a .-- <-< — ■ r

c
o
u

3
C

X
•H

•a
c
cu
a
a
<

j — -i j

3 -H O C

a. « u 4i

C > J2 00

C

o

CJ

« -H Or

■-* cr
u
O W

u

C 3 U

It O 1» >■-

a <a *j «

<a 3

. a. £ J v-i

H O UJ O*

—I

«

to

c

OJ

V

III

•J)
<U

Qi

0)

Ofi

M

5

V

«*

X

l-

<->

iO

U

o

ra

cr~

H

n-

3

— '

<u
C

•H

4-1

a
o

vO

X

•H

C
(X

u

tJ c

O 4>

9

5 I

a

5

01 o

a o

U

00 u

■

c *

-h j:

a e

35

55

33

.5 w

^ c

T3

OJ
D
(3

•H

4J

c

O
O

3 ^

i3

o2

64?

3 «

— t »
o tu

o 2

■si

5 3

X<M -*

So « a - «
— _• u — — .

of a

. > -o w.

ui U c «

• 3 « « • V

V) L,

10

CD

T3

H

u
C
O

u

T3
C

a

<:

:- 3 -

11

0)
•H
O

w

3
e

O

CO

0)

o

M

3

o
w

CO

>

XI

<

C

•H

u

cd

.-H

(9
— >

Ph

« m

X t,

J^

■O it*

0)

C -H
a u

"H

V

C

V C

W

U

T3
C

QJ

a.
a.

<

-a an •

'35

O O J 3

01 O O U U u

as w s: cj o v

2

c

at ■* i-( u> -4 oj

—< -> -. n _a ._: - i) ^

hJ 0) U M i-l 3 U .O — •

w .c — . o -h o c 3 ^h s

-3 a j a. -a - -j 0.4)0

? -< ^ u > - jo C > m

o (*. a. a; < &-• < 3<>m

-.1

3 U

O O 06 U

-* o c c

u -g irt

c v*

4 C r-

(0 ffl

a. a <r\

Q.

V ^H

UJ 0>

o « >->

.* a

Ifc, « V

h

a -^ to -^

a, u-t

•H

a -a -- u

— « — « u <n

01 .-H

— 3 z:

C9 T3

3 a T3

X <-t

o **- — c

<y t-i

-j o u. a

U) a «j

H O -J <

12

o

<4-l

a;
a
M

O
CO

cfl
-a

e

•H

n)

rH

h

•H

c

0)

.13

u

vO

X

•H

-a
C

a)
a,
a
<

a s3

O0 U

a v

r-t U
CO

T3

c

O -r4

nj

« a

rH

3 a

o* <s

4J

a* us

QJ

U- <u

S3

o

^

«4- C

(30

o c

o

O B

tH

Z U

o

en

•H

42

kt

4

m

IO

<0

-n

CO

t

u

41

H

c:

a

u

M

>

*j

<9

<fl

l-i

— «

a

•

■y

a.

1

■

•-I

a

<a

a

a

•Si

14

u

•-*

LO

1

H

u

■o

2:

0)

d

0O

c

11

3

«

e

3

M

o

O

-i

H

->

C9

E

22

3 J-" --» fl

0O U > *J

3 a « <Q

< « as Q

o %o

vO (7*

O rH

v 0 -h y o a

-J — .- > 1-. 3 U

« It IOf4 3£ K

O -H ** V- O U O

II rH rH U'Jl Jl U.

« M -H

kJ J j3

I* -H 3 — *

■ j) J aM
O a) i-»

• 9 3 ^ a»

J2 -H Wl C -H

J- ,3 -J B —

£ 3
IS <S

35

1*4 «h T>

•* "O J2

ofi 3 5

C o

uj U

■O 1*4 H U

a o « ■*-

a ■« -

1-. -C 1- V — 1

•J u > u — <

C O -4 O -H

41 «-»

a. <u
at a

c

O

-H Q.

v

>

V

jC

a)

■HI

a

a.

C -H

a

31 rH

(A

O *J

01

■•a

U rJ

-h a

3

V

u

H

C

— V

M

C

.*)

4

(S ■*

O

O

(0

u

0 «

JZ

•H

O

>

(_) 8)

Cm

a. >

(A

U

•O in
o a«

13

0>

P

c

•H
C

o
a

T3

c
a;
ex

t4 >■

ao <b i

O U fl - u

-. U -. < U 3

Q. > :i -

T) "U X I*

i J - u -u -j

■H as 4J 3

at <a ntz

« T3 a» at a

— u -j u — —

3 OT Ps 01 -4

u-H H H M J

'/I — < 3 U.

.fi £ O n

.ji T D -■ "J -

e « m u ■ c

0\ C7*

i4
5 &

O

a

y. -i

•h 4* CO

a .-•

153

q £

a: 3

u co a.

3 ■*

<J hi i-l

J3 -* O

£ 3

3 * •
U1 tit U)|

14

T3

T3

3
.H
O

C

o

vO

T3

C

■*4 >

U V

1 <a
u 3

a u a

wo «-»

o. *j

3 0 D — * * TJ <S>

O t» -h -O 3 > 3

l-i J -J — ( ■" In '

£««•<« • E/J

H J 55 I OS -l 3 ,

23

at t>
u a>

U D <

3 w C

O ^

15

0)

to

00 w

c
cu
.a

-a
c
to

c
o

^
c
to

H
SX

I

>1

oo

o

I

CO

cu
o
n

o

CD

x. jo

►J

a u
3 a

tO
TJ

C
•H
tfl

t-H

&4
U

Qi

•H

c

CU

x;
c_>

•H

•a
c
cu
a.
a.
<

3 ^

3 « to

9
3 «

3 «< «

0 3

U t*

M

J "J

C O 3

c o

C O 3

U Si O

V Si

91 r O

J- 2

Q.O J

a. co

-X C . 1

O v-

O u

O u

_- o

<a u-t

a

ffl U-l

n •=

-a cu o

-a cu

*T3 U O

3 £

c z

a z

c z

o «-.

a •*-.

^ -o .H

C C 3

— « TJ — 1
C C 3

--. T3 — t
C C 3

.-» C

> O *M

a

>. o

-* a a

V

SI «-•

*j <s

c

01

a. -*

<a u c

V

c

— t c/J o c

b

-* 31

*- «

4) --to

1

a. u

O -H

OS U »J *J

a ~»

&

U 3 Ji

a a.

91 j

<a c ja c

vi a

a o

u •) -i g

a

s-

-* Tl U --4

a

— 1 ISi

u c •-> a.

tfl

^

o *a

<U 3 <0 Q

c

aO

tg u

-« C

Q. ,0 -rt O

V

U cy

ao tg

wi < a cm

BB

<

H Z

16

a u

oO U

co

Qi
4-1

n!

S-i

,0

CD

4-1

>

00

o

o

•H
,J3

CO

u

u

3

o
to

-3
<D
3
C

•H

CO

c

•H

ca

Ph

M

QJ
•H

C
0)

-a ^

J= 41 D

£ V

n ~H

•0 «-t

x s

■H J3 -

•-* .J3

j) i-t

H fl U

.-t aj

.O -H o

J3 -H

-H Cfl

s --i .c

3 -* f*.

J3 U

CL Cfl U

^>

3 -o

C > 3

Cfl

c > a

a* a

=> < <

J

=3 < ~1

•3

c
o
o

- u 3
C 3

^ C M

u <i) O

V a j:

3 o <n

I"

to

■a

13
C
CU

a
a

<

a us

u

-» u o a.

a

~t cfl « o

u

4 t-i a*

£-.

J3 C -

32 P-

- <g o -a

-Q 3= -l O

<q warn

-a 2

u - a. u- j

4 w

U * -H -H

U

at u * a

1) 0O U -U <fl

u e

3 C tB O. C

v a

— < U V >- >*

£. a

OQ ad Q H O

H oo

o u ■

i-i

71 o> -H

C U CO

O - 3 U

— w *-> -J

LJ -0 .- kJ

3 U 3 O

J H J IB

-i -=> a u*

U cfl 3

u a: a* u

CO < -H

c8 a w o o

'j u w a.

-H B
Q. » «

v, eo -q

-cue

-i „ a)

17

-9

a.

■

■o

S>

•a

a

3

M

&

■H

O

*)

M

U

D

u

c

H

-' -.

TJ

■fl

a

H

>*

>- -Q

X

01

V

-a

C

> ■-■

TJ

u n

w

G

V

41

3 «

x.

<•

Wl

=

-1 UJ

■a

D

T-l

o
C
o
u

00

X

•H

c
<u
a
p.
<

<§•!

S

H .

i- -a

* C
a. «
« i

41 U

3

Q

03

■

Ok

V

V

U

v.

u

a

~

41

41

CA

a

<s\

i

o

p

u.

3

u

d -o It

18

CO

a

3
cd

a o

00 u

3"i

I ■* -j
C 3 C

i ■< a -h

4 O

0)

a

(U

J2

O

CO

0)

o

3
O
CO

TO

X)

C

•H
Cfl
H

Ph

M

<D
•H

c

3

o

LO

o

z

a]

J

a

BO

■C

a

>N

Ck

>k

C£

u

10

0)

■*l

3

0

o

a

o

o

J=

—*

*-

a.

o

■a

o

£

3

41

o

c

■

a

N

4

33

-a

3
C

C
O

u

-°^

•J 01 3

W IM ij_i

a ai oj

M Jd a:

_ u

T* O 4»

5 « **

g h H

£ 3 3

■ » —

j UH

g| O «H

3 « 3

-a a «
C C aS
4 o

VO

X
•H
T3

C

QJ

a

<

41 C

■a <

C

3 .

19

Of o
S u

00 Wi

C u

1°

>» c

C -H

0)

<7* O

c
o
o

vO

X
•H

c

0)

a
3

x u

>°s

•3 £2

.3 .8 3

kj U -H

~ U *4

3 06 3

^£3

J2 J* "O

^ U — I

"9 •*! •-*

J2 Ji T3

« O -H

3 c* 3

sg

i-i a>

1-1 J

»H a

r-t <U

,, 4> "w

O >*-•

IV **-<

<y ih

S « H

J3 ^ *o

<*- -H

e
a

■— ■-

0) -H

01 .-i

^ -o

^ -o

W W rH

U O ~4

o •-*

u >-*

« 9 £

<U 0 -H

o ■-<

«

O i^

3«3

3 « 3

a: 3

3

DC U

-a
g

•H
■l-J
C
O

a

V U

3 a

A. ID — ( .

a. ^t

a "i

£2

3 G. -*

-J ^ — «

O U H

55,

■a -c

i — i a

I -4 —

i 3 u.

20

T3

Q)

3

rH
U

c

O

u

X

•H

•a

0

a

a

X (J

<

TJ £

C -n

a. a

*a

,£S

I J3 .O —

i 11 3
C > </l
3 < J

S3

lM

a

-a

5 «

o

X

C

° ^

V

a

u. •**

B

u

u

a

3

o

o

TJ

a

Gfl O*

a

O V

u

TJ

9)

B

3

u °*

a

,0

■30

!>

— « T3

>

B

— » o

3

C

<9

3 O

E

•<

<

<

til

A U.

a C

O C

■a •*

fi

* ^

■

c »-*

• rx

a>

<g o>

o c?»

-. u i> ■-■

*J V it

c -»

a. _ - .-

a. ■+* -«

■1

a

« «l w rt

u — ~

ID C

a

Q -• « 1

a — ' a*

4 V

-a £ \©

■a ^

V c

a tj

• H D ^)

■ — 01

Z 4

■« — -* CT\

-1 -J * -

TJ — —

u o

<a *j

_J J U,

i: -t

a* v

21

U O

Ml u
C V

O-O

a

2 -aw

a -» *j u

u 3 «

H « Z- »

» H -* a

U 41 3

« w a c «

- y j y ;_

- - a - 3
.i - - -■ -

uj o H OS H

en

o

r-H

o

•H

to

u

3
o

•s.

to

-a

c

•H

(-1

•H

c

0)

o

-a
at

3

C

C

o

o

c -

j -J -a

* o

> c

■H T3 <3

CK C

>v X

■T3 CU >,

>i

a v

«

D U _t .-)

3

« r

a)

co (J eg CQ

CO

*-" -J

<

c a*

o

u

<0
a.

<a a
a

4 — '

fu c a; .-*

U CO -H *J

o

o> ra ^ -h

->

< O

H

x m s J

•H

•a
c

a

<

<* 3
C J3

O -*

W .C (J

» Z Q C ■

25

CO 41 4)

z w a: r

1-

m v — •

o o

C o

I 5

-a as

V —I

c -v
3 -C

22

T3

o;

3
C

•H
4-1

c
o

13

c

<

a a

3 T

c a 3

— -j -j

ui t-t t/l

a

•H
4-)

c
o
u

O. 'J r-t

o z 3

v -

4)

_ — J ■- - u

<U ^ 00 Uh 00

.* -a 3 j* -a 3

O -H « O -< «

X 3 « oi 3 OS

a v u

u -a

3 C TJ

<-» 3 C

■fl a at a)

2 □. v

a j= -*

»** -^ o u

-* c

(0 -3

■*-t >s

^ o

o <y*

23

j

5

CO

(D

e\

C

oi

o

c

S

it

OB

3)

o

4

z

a

iyi

c

-a

H

3

V

u

3

O

t/)

o

i

O

B

u

<u

c

s

00

a

a

<S

CO

2

td

»*•

O

H

£

a c

-H o

j- e —

U V V

o <-» a

U 3) -O

U C 4

a j —< -*

— ( u — • i>

j r - .-.

U CO

T3

a)

3
H
O

C
o
o

a ct>

— ~ i

X
•rl

C
0)

a

<:

01

3

a

u

^

.t

U.

as
c

■o

jz

a

c

ai

00

4J

B

3

a

«

Jl

01

-I

u

£

41

01

9

a.

t/i

u>

a

eg u-

*4 <-> C

-3 ^3

[J) » D U. ■*-■ W. —

to O -4 J ~h a -*

a a ■a "O -fl "o ""»

v e o jj— • 9j— icti

H « U H 3 H 3 — <

24

CD

<u
o
u

a
o
en

cfl

c

•H

a)

■H

c
a)

u

T3
C
QJ

a.

<

3 -I

a. *

' I- -i H

QJ X)
H J

en d

-h >. o

4 00 M

-H 3 3 C

< H OS (O -J

iJf

c « .-»

3 jg

■^4 ai i

22

U « n j

CO a CO r U

3 O 3 O 3

3E 3C X U VI

25

w

S-i

•H

x>

c «

"n

o n

60
O

O
•H
J3

cn

o
a

O
0)

CO

C
•H

tU

3
C

•H
4-1

c
o
a

fu

U

c

0)
X!

u

t-t q *j

■ jj

I 3

•H
T3
C

0)

a i*. -a

E-. lw -H

22,

c

_|

1]

a

u*

-<o

u

H

o

a

V

c

■

c

"O

0

c

o

3

u

u

W

«

C

41

o

Id

TO

-

B

Oft

32,

x> -J *J —t

a o

r3 <T.

X> a C*

tin.-.
•^ c a»

^ -j -.

26

w a
a u

00 u

>• C

T3

3

a

•H
4J

c
o
u

0O o-.

vO I"*

X

•H

C
QJ

a

<

V U T)

at .a v

r-t « W

XI

a)

a

■H

C

o
a

3§

a —

2 e

a a. t*

• a a • a <— * o o a

j u w -j -j y u -i u — • u

Q. n-t -H -* .-^ — — _t -* B -H

01 — L. i^ 1> ■— u — i- -a -

■ -hm3 • — « a *o . a a s

v «

J 3 u. z

— i IX L*. — •

27

XI
(U

t>
3
H
U

C

o

•H

e

0)

a
a
<

•o r-

C r.

CO -«

28

Cfi

Oi

o

>• e

■H

0

v a

3 a

O

er to

C

O

u

o

0)

0

•H

<a

u

o o

o

■H

0)

o n

en

a)
o

3

o

CO

cfl
TD

C
■H
H)

H

Ph

U

a>

•H

c
cu

Xi

u

m

•H
T3

C
CU

a
p-

<

S i

cu a

o

-D 0=

-3 £

<a oo >n

4 00 >s

^H 3 u

-" 3 O

■^ o c

■ -H O C

eg u cu

q. <a u u

> JS oo

5 << *J <

«< w <

T3

CU

e

•H
■U

c
o
o

«- su 3

— w • •

5 S "

U CT. 0

CO -. <J

CJ ~ _J « u

29

XI
CD

3
3
■H
4-1
3
O

u

T3
CI)

3
3

•H

TD
3
CD
ft

a
<

jz. v a -

a -h o *■»

3 -H UJ (LI

a. a < u

d > to in

3 < 3 w

CD — < 'U
-H J3 QO

c
o
o

3C Q

*o

*j

c

e

o

d

TJ

i

o

a

in

«N

-a

u

o

<y

"O

bi

3

«

c

u

tn

o*»

hi

ed

B

*»

a

a

>

o

0
0

1

o

<o

*j

CO

-a

Bi

_j

*->

00

b

c

O

j:

a

■

0}

u

C/l

O

>»

o

3

2

>>

o

ji

t)

ID U

a.

3

u

'D

j:

V

3 -H

a

<a

a)

eg

■

i

4

u

M

M

x: -4

c

*B

a

01

V

■

-H C*

H

X

K

a.

QO J3

a

r»

X

w

<0

X

09 O

-j

0*

u

o

V

■

a

41

■■u

<* 3

ki

a*

01

3

tl

V

3 C7*

5-

""

a.

U

H

ti

OT

H

a

X a.

H

—•

H

m

Dfi

H

cr <-*

o 2 o m tft

30

SU) CH

» c

3 O

a

uj -a

d 43ti

0)

3
H
O

C

o
u

-d
c
a)

<

■H «l -H

o

m

O u>

o

n

r*

d

a-

S2

a

o 2

LJ

u *-i

a

a

a r*

. «

V

u «

bi (7%

a. «
v o

■Ji l.
• «

3 <

31

en
>>
H

c
n3

M
O -

a <«

£ -3

a a o

a o ■*-<

U ** > H <

ss

o

(U

•H

3

2=g

a)
>

•H
W

c
<u
,3
ai
i-i
a-
6
o
o

r- o
CT> o

CO

a)
o
s-i

3
O

en

ai

3
3

a
o
u

c3

a

•H
CO

Pm
(J

0)
•H

3

ai

x:
u

-4 O.

|.|

< o

I J

■3 3

kj H a) j:

■H

3
<D

a
a

<

3 uT

S r-

u c c fc.

V | -" ai

T- o u v

oc c_> a os

32

[■1 o

T3
T3

H

O

c
o
u

•H
X)

c

0)

p.
p.

<

sc w
« *

I 1:

D. CM D- vD o. in

O CT» O Ti O CTi

(- Q h H* cr^

c

c

• -H

• -H

M oo

t/1 00

• c

• c

=) w

=) w

33

APPENDIX 6.2 CHENIER PLAIN SOCIOECONOMIC DATA

Appendix 6.2(1). Louisiana oil and gas production
from individual oil fields, by basin, in 1974 (Melancon 1977)

Basin and ,974 : Inshore zone Field

Field Production Cumulative total

VERMILION

Nunez

Condensate-'- 348

Natural Gas 754,029

Perry

Condensate 16,245 227,557

Natural Gas 2,478,261 35,930,267

Perry, South

Condensate 10,496

Natural Gas 301,372

Esther

Condensate 9,701 449,526

Natural Gas 898,001 33,200,066

Esther, SW

Crude 2,547

Condensate 17,933 591,082

Natural Gas 1,908,839 56,801,503

Theall

Condensate 7,820 588,446

Natural Gas 2,307,446 88,552,648

MERMENTAU

Chalkley, West

Condensate 432

Natural Gas 122,529

Florence

Crude 22,321 158,723

Condensate 4,769 1,542,358

Casinghead Gas 10,255 82,889

Natural Gas 1,010,398 69,620,195

Florence, East

Crude 62,268

Casinghead Gas 32,555

Gueydan

Crude 422,493 31,390,259

Condensate 1,653 462,697

C.T.C. 17,409

Casinghead Gas 423,743 24,627,891

Natural Gas 210,450 19,813,280

Gueydan, Southeast

Condensate 316,063 1,531,499

Natural Gas 9,598,575 67,360,218

continued

Crude oil and condensate in barrels; natural gas, casinghead gas, and C.T.C.
in met.

34

Appendix 6.2(1). Continued

Basin

and
Field

1974
Production

Inshore zone

Field
Cumulative total

Gueyd

an,

SW

Condensate

Natural Gas
Gueydan, West

Crude

Condensate

C.T.C.

Casinghead Gas

Natural Gas
Lacassine Refuge

Condensate

Natural Gas
Lake Arthur, East

Condensate

C.T.C.

Natural Gas
Lake Arthur, South

Condensate

C.T.C.

Natural Gas

Lake Arthur, Southwest

Crude

Condensate

Casinghead Gas

Natural Gas

Lake Arthur, West

Crude

Condensate

Casinghead Gas

Natural Gas

Lakeside

Crude

Condensate

Casinghead Gas

Natural Gas

Mulvey

Crude

Condensate

Casinghead Gas

Natural Gas

Niceville

Crude

Condensate

C.T.C.

Casinghead Gas

Natural Gas

Niceville, South

C.T.C.
Natural Gas

80,421
3,759,853

228,444

399,585

31,825

265,331

12,288,949

271,103

4,278,718

10,010
920,285

238,293

27,338

15,607,190

33,949

37,745

40,369

5,740,118

10,088

16,306

2,049

1,447,298

103,436

4,156,390

3,949
(64)
130,888

7,807

105,772

4,776

2,795,437

continued
35

243,045

11,487

,289

10,562

,075

2,378

,005

1,128

,759

25,996

,664

155,795

,290

2,183

,574

29,570

,891

22

.255

277

,431

19,963

,440

1,263

,790

206

,383

73,669

,355

147

,254

1,255

,151

277

,438

87,494

,347

884

,192

1,001

,354

853

,361

48,487

,721

441

,941

4,218

,803

745

,842

250,153

,474

450

067

195

,790

1,046

784

4,321

877

157

,274

37

536

2,938

764

365

697

71,182

757

6

551

50

362

Appendix 6.2(1). Continued

Basin and
Field

1974
Production

Inshore zone

Field
Cumulative total

Sweet Lake, North
Crude

Condensate
Casinghead Gas
Natural Gas

Thornville, South
Crude

Condensate
Casinghead Gas
Natural Gas

CALCASIEU

12.

,187

8,

,882

8,

,723

64,

,038

364,

,973

31

,970,

,894

117,549

54,122

230,111

439,008

48,185

13,208,316

277,868

586,875,431

Bayou Coupique
Crude

Condensate
Casinghead Gas
Natural Gas

Lake Charles
Condensate
Natural Gas

Lockport
Crude

Condensate
Casinghead Gas
Natural Gas

5,356

2,640

6,798
294,411

267,477

7,687
254,362
312,425

97,529

33,795

120,108

3,364,495

135,691
5,654,835

30,660,658

764,925

14,443,688

25,261,227

continued

36

Appendix 6.2(1). Continued

Basin and
Field

1974 Intermediate zone

Production

Field

Cumulative total

VERMILION

Bancker

Crude

Condensate

Casirighead Gas

Natural Gas
Buck Point

Condensate

Natural Gas
Buck Point, East

Crude

Condensate

Casinghead Gas

Natural Gas
Buck Point, North

Condensate

Natural Gas
Fresh Water Bayou

Crude

Condensate

Casinghead Gas

Natural Gas
Fresh Water Bayou, North

Crude

Condensate

Casinghead Gas

Natural Gas
Hell Hole Bayou

Crude

Condensate

Casinghead Gas

Natural Gas
Inter coastal City

Crude

Condensate

Casinghead Gas

Natural Gas
Redfish Point

Crude

Condensate

Casinghead Gas

Natural Gas

78,742

1,947

187,200
8,721,108

14,096

32,689

14,840

1,393,992

60,573
1,148,157

53,123

2,691,700

477,677

26,040,052

16,847

240,969

17,541

4,227,319

41,055
(520)
286,063

351,981

206,728

1,556,856

7,764,439

2,557,681

175,698

734,442

10,139,807

4,067,904
135,278,407

2,181,215

722,555

6,069,889

20,707,620

244,550
4,397,876

57,882

2,227,752

316,714

153,937,536

10,151

6,208,605

18,274

314,919,269

331,485

2,125,300

774,260

35,558,757

400,513

874,616

1,896,850

27,270,244

2,371,829

3,998,019

7,601,801

126,480,671

continued
37

Appendix 6.2(1). Continued

Basin and
Field

1974 Intermediate zone Field
Production Cumulative total

MERMENTAU

Fire Island
Condensate
Natural Gas

Florence, South
Crude

Condensate
Casinghead Gas
Natural Gas

Lac Blanc
Crude

Condensate
Casinghead Gas
Natural Gas

Outside Island
Crude

Condensate
Casinghead Gas
Natural Gas

White Lake, East
Crude

Condensate
Casinghead Gas
Natural Gas

White Lake, North
Condensate
Natural Gas

White Lake, West
Crude

Condensate
Casinghead Gas
Natural Gas

Big Lake
Crude

Condensate
Casinghead Gas
Natural Gas

Chalkley
Crude

Condensate
Casinghead Gas
Natural Gas

Cheniere Perdue
Crude

Condensate
Casinghead Gas
Natural Gas

Deep Lake, North
Crude

Condensate
Casinghead Gas
Natural Gas

334
47,616

66,087

75,229

401,287

17,292,146

2,000,248

3,901

1,438,590

558,280

958,677

176,661

905,369

7,119,275

117,707

26,442

159,531

1,383,903

29,415

66,201

148,226

7,665,055

28,153

22,511

53,276

1,114,815

18,700

1,688,363

165,471
10,370,451

395,439

378

269,930

21,222

318,463

5,821,643

1,913,315

318,680,082

399,911

33,463

525,457

855,182

41,763,057

480,309

28,490,834

36,851,469

111,314
5,779,623

15,018,052

5,503,288

14,448,227

267,512,315

9,772,744

1,890,477

14,883,542

75,707,765

13,645,360

2,342,749

38,098,300

267,168,361

202,714

988,988

614,880

27,667,583

26,272

350,628

255,308

23,354,091

continued
38

Appendix 6.2(1). Continued

Basin and
Field

1974 Intermediate zone Field
Production Cumulative total

Grand Lake

Crude

Condensate

Casinghead Gas

Natural Gas
Lake Mis ere

Crude

Condensate

Casinghead Gas

Natural Gas
Lake Misere, South

Crude

Condensate

Casinghead Gas

Natural Gas
Little Cheniere

Crude

Condensate

Casinghead Gas

Natural Gas
Little Cheniere Ridge

Crude

Casinghead Gas
Mallard Bay

Crude

Condensate

Casinghead Gas

Natural Gas
Pecan Lake

Condensate

Natural Gas
Pecan Lake, South

Crude

Condensate

Casinghead Gas

Natural Gas
Sweet Lake

Crude

Condensate

Casinghead Gas

Natural Gas
Twin Island

Crude

Condensate

Casinghead Gas

Natural Gas
High Island

Crude

Condensate

Casinghead Gas

Natural Gas

627,118

24,698

961,422

1,516,964

59,606

26,371,953

63

49,197

8,201

1,070,916

46,820
5,172,823

30,043

82,178

55,908

18,533,617

905,239

820

529,612

39,534

5,193

40,758

63,130

4,315,334

12,991

706,682
continued

29,016,532

701,498

31,966,732

53,138,989

86,545

112,479

66,863

5,614,912

6,935

843,639

2,942

229,913,343

10,121

29,134

23,063

489,374

27,238
6,664

476,418

1,148,077

175,174

44,415,812

3,075,151
291,984,823

928,337

5,683,477

3,399,754

547,165,489

31,497,997

11,795

10,960,567

1,939,848

390,078

1,162,395

3,948,932

82,058,587

505

514,882

25,665

18,361,770

39

Appendix 6.2(1). Continued

Basin and
Field

1974 Intermediate zone Field
Production Cumulative total

CHENIER RIDGE

Pecan Island

Condensate

Natural Gas
Pecan Island, North

Condensate

Natural Gas
Big Mouth Bayou

Condensate

Natural Gas
Cheniere Perdue, East

Crude

Condensate

Casinghead Gas

Natural Gas
Cheniere Perdue, West

Condensate

Natural Gas
Constance Bayou

Condensate

Natural Gas
Crab Lake

Crude

Condensate

Casinghead Gas

Natural Gas
Creole, South

Condensate

Natural Gas
Deep Lake

Condensate

Natural Gas
Grand Cheniere

Crude

Condensate

Casinghead Gas

Natural Gas
Grand Cheniere, South

Condensate

Natural Gas
Hog Bayou

Crude

Condensate

Casinghead Gas

Natural Gas
Kings Bayou

Condensate

Natural Gas

1,231,702
126,368,853

411
191,249

45,977

6,931

(332)
11,213

349
96,252

27,977
917

79,370

507
58,269

246,503
18,136,290

25,414
161,558
26,704
8,100,222

27,586
4,808,780

51,556

157,085
9,879,352

5,756,553
610,863,479

20,653
1,833,397

13,115
2,101,804

439,092

66,953

74,747

9,688,526

24,159
1,419,486

1,630,195
45,464,523

188,759

524,101

115,156

21,713,484

57,542
4,977,674

10,679,440
821,585,894

670,627

2,630,244

3,392,294

127,788,423

795,605
90,708,317

1,255,684

453,211

2,474,303

37,265,947

1,734,074
145,488,824

continued
40

Appendix 6.2(1). Continued

Basin and
Field

1974 Intermediate zone

Production

Field

Cumulative total

Little Pecan Lake
Crude

Condensate
Casinghead Gas
Natural Gas

Mud Lake, Lower
Condensate
Natural Gas

Price Lake
Crude

Condensate
Casinghead Gas
Natural Gas

Second Lake
Condensate
Natural Gas

20,288

135,404

25,783

8,431,089

21,509

734,070

465,621

2,176,518

8,944,118

124,621,445

272,574
13,586,659

2,845

644,650

13,835

18,254,076

2,385
1,177,542

CALCASIEU

Calcasieu Lake
Crude

Condensate
Casinghead Gas
Natural Gas

Calcasieu Pass
Crude

Condensate
Casinghead Gas
Natural Gas

Cameron
Crude

Condensate
Casinghead Gas
Natural Gas

Choupique
Crude

Condensate
Casinghead Gas
Natural Gas

Grosse Savanne
Crude
Casinghead Gas

Hackberry, East
Crude

Condensate
Casinghead Gas
Natural Gas

Hackberry, West
Crude

Condensate
Casinghead Gas
Natural Gas

20,106

242,516

35,427

2,770,932

202,861

240,560

447,598

6,440,391

52,946

161,782

1,736,848

354

932,771

59,137

2,884,531

19,176

2,604,637

1,128,243

263,285

13,740

1,447,278

3,911,297

228,158

599,212

211,361

39,612,513

1,882,474

4,985,010

2,222,166

260,603,652

798,929

175,475

1,887,570

10,895,137

122,656
38,500

93,484,158

112,932

59,840,423

6,431,009

117,688,660

105,888

97,790,353

8,228,030

continued
41

Appendix 6.2(1). Continued

Basin and
Field

1974 Intermediate zone
Production

Field
Cumulative total

Holly Beach

Condensate

C.T.C.

Natural Gas
Holly Beach, East

Condensate

C.T.C.

Natural Gas
Lake Charles, South

Crude

Condensate

Casinghead Gas

Natural Gas
Moss Lake, East

Crude

Condensate

Casinghead Gas

Natural Gas
Mud Lake

Crude

Condensate

C.T.C.

Casinghead Gas

Natural Gas
Mud Lake, East

Crude

Condensate

C.T.C.

Casinghead Gas

Natural Gas

SABINE

2,791

50,033

105,388

187,977

1,733,280

18,749

49,671

19,140

1,890,203

(77)

26,134
77,209

16,731,420

700,762

92,218

59,650,069

36,365

307,005

38,238,941

1,588,844

1,532,062

3,641,620

43,219,060

3,774,755

2,523,006

4,850,982

70,294,821

249,240

124,000

15,816

651,588

8,809,738

80,235

2,972,803

1,836,852

18,802

536,024,049

Black Bayou

Crude

Condensate

Casinghead Gas

Natural Gas
Black Bayou, South

Crude

Condensate

Casinghead Gas

Natural Gas
Black Bayou, Southeast

Condensate

Natural Gas
Blue Buck Point

Condensate

Natural Gas

1,367,183

584,364

462,062

70,511

1,714,818

704,406

484
15,852

continued
42

44

,593,734

115,905

24

,222,622

1

,786,961

3,

,682,397

517,835

12,

,590,562

6,

,144,235

484

15,852

718

61,823

Appendix 6.2(1). Continued

Basin and
Field

1974 Intermediate zone
Production

Field

Cumulative total

Cameron Meadows

Crude

Condensate

C.T.C.

Casinghead Gas

Natural Gas
Cameron Meadows , East

C.T.C.

Natural Gas
Deep Bayou

Crude

Condensate

C.T.C.

Casinghead Gas

Natural Gas
Gum Cove

Crude

Condensate

C.T.C.

Casinghead Gas

Natural Gas
Johnsons Bayou

Crude

Condensate

Casinghead Gas

Natural Gas
Johnsons Bayou, West

Condensate

Natural Gas
Louisiana Point

Condensate

Natural Gas
Ocean View Beach

Natural Gas
Phoenix Lake

Crude

Condensate

Casinghead Gas

Natural Gas
Sabine Lake, North

Condensate

C.T.C.

Natural Gas
Second Bayou

Condensate

C.T.C.

Natural Gas
Smith Ridge

Crude

Casinghead Gas

308,650

33,157

175,527

3,105,341

27,246

3,264,493

756,543

243,540

640,878

2,868,873

48,357
3,447,979

295,138
27,456

355,285
57,142

28,784

1,063,240

8,688

37,090

9,880,217

15,163

,111

2,317

,831

2,086

,376

4,529

298

139,697

,893

24

,609

652

,483

6

,070

66

,284

319

864

6

,492

28,258

,378

176

,662

494

174

140

975

1,708

891

13,412.

594

14,924

288

3,784

050

11,609

947

103,656

,259

50

522

3,572

,503

7

864

1,275

010

51

21,818
1,012

26,691
9,774

260

402
19,505

361

1,491

232,197

194
64

231

254
105
900
012

780
387
660

611
565
007

931
127

continued
43

Appendix 6.2(1). Continued

Basin and
Field

1974
Production

Offshore zone

Field

Cumulative total

VERMILION

Lighthouse Point
Crude

Condensate
Casinghead Gas
Natural Gas

Vermilion Block 14
Crude

Condensate
Natural Gas

Vermilion Block 16
Crude

Condensate
Casinghead Gas
Natural Gas

129,053

101,099

1,189,857

12,084,294

144,267
30,369,938

661,857

13,286,417

998,294

1,147,919

4,866,080

102,918,046

77

2,395,449

299,610,836

40,732

11,820,955

355,677

210,152,604

CHENIER BASIN

Hog Bayou

Crude

Condensate

Casinghead Gas

Natural Gas
East Cameron Block 4

Condensate

Natural Gas
East Cameron Block 17

Crude

Condensate

Casinghead Gas

Natural Gas
West Cameron Block 33

Condensate

Natural Gas

82,147

245,397

38,024

16,583,914

2,878

3,269

812,676

3,060,080

67,820

179,248,541

1,486,343
72,522,627

1,938,078

960,831

4,885,408

61,850,052

3,113
3,398,693

CALCASIEU

Creole

Crude

Condensate

Casinghead Gas

Natural Gas
West Cameron Block 28

Condensate

Natural Gas

176,813

249

135,431

205,528

2,861
911,271

6,537,068

43,146

6,014,127

3,853,125

16,605
4,724,237

continued

44

Appendix 6.2(1). Concluded

Basin and
Field

1974
Production

Offshore zone

Field

Cumulative total

SABINE

West Cameron Block 17

Condensate

Natural Gas

West Cameron Block

19

Condensate

Natural Gas

West Cameron Block

45

Condensate
Natural Gas

14,639
3,452,081

58,045
5,934,259

15,751
247,929

851,384
151,908,061

568,743
54,321,123

155,371
4,264,329

45

Appendix 6.2(2). Texas oil and gas production from individual oil
and gas fields, by basin, in 1974 (Railroad Commission of Texas 1974)

Basin and
Field

1974

Intermediate zone

Production

Field
Cumulative total

SABINE

Spindletop

Casinghead

Crude
Willow Slough

Crude

Condensate

Casinghead

Natural Gas
LaBelle

Casinghead

Crude

Natural Gas

Condensate
Rose City

Casinghead

CO.
Clam Lake

Casinghead

CO.
Big Hill

Casinghead

CO.

Natural Gas

Condensate
McFadden Ranch

Casinghead

CO.

42,987
163,908

32,698

1,150

78,466

1,773,709

189,384

391,211

424,442

1,049

192,206
283,762

112,267
468,093

718,960

390,895

2,293,104

32,846

190,252
154,413

151,656,650
2,085,744

10,499,963

12,423,271
16,258,506
13,575,051

591,450

EAST BAY

Oyster Bayou
Casinghead
CO.

Natural Gas
Condensate

4,823,340

5,527,857

24,005

536

95,476,594

continued

Crude oil and condensate in barrels natural gas, condensate and CT.C in mcf,

46

Field

Appendix 6.2(2). Concluded

Production 1974

Cumulative total

High Island

Casinghead

CO.

Natural Gas

Condensate
Mayes

Casinghead

CO.

Natural Gas

Condensate
Jackson Pasture

Casinghead

CO.

Natural Gas

Condensate
Smith Point

Casinghead

CO.

Natural Gas

Condensate
Point Bolivar

Casinghead

CO.

Natural Gas

Condensate
Cap Ian

Casinghead

CO.

Natural Gas

1,545,669

1,191,447

80,588,995

237,611

65,104

20,022

3,190,204

58,488

76,967

77,921

84,897

2,220

70,969

11,492

867,527

24,835

3,929,382

406,593

27,367,215

239,432

619,417

564,921

92,400

130,157,881

2,576,683

429,381

97,452

14,151,462

4,566,718

47

Appendix 6.2(3). Total Chenier Plain mineral fuel production, by basin, in 1974
(Louisiana Department of Conservation 1977, Railroad Commission of Texas 1974).

Condensate

Casinghead

Natural

Basin

Crude

and C.T.C.

gas

gas

(barrels)

(b

arrels)

(mcf)

(mcf)

VERMILION

Inshore

—

35,454

7,592,547

Intermediate

502,721

1,

,259,479

3,434,103

51,986,767

Offshore

129,053

907,223

1,189,857

55,740,649

TOTAL

631,774

2,

,202,156

4,623,960

108,319,963

2,833,

,930

112,

,943;

,923

MERMENTAU

Inshore

741,238

2,

,017,341

886,134

89,997,593

Intermediate

4,767,889

1,

,016,870

4,390,293

94,666,473

Offshore

—

—

—

—

TOTAL

5,509,118

3.

,034,211

5,276,427

184,664,066

8,543,

,329

189,

,940:

,493

CHENIER

Inshore

—

—

—

—

Intermediate

170,938

1.

,983,863

59,418

176,895,009

Offshore

85,025

245,397

41,293

16,483,914

TOTAL

255,963

2,

,229,270

100,711

193,478,923

2,485,

,233

193,

,579,

,634

CALCASIEU

Inshore

272,833

14,485

257,002

606,836

Intermediate

4,966,074

570,506

4,596,421

36,478,978

Offshore

176,813

3,110

135,431

1,116,799

TOTAL

5,415,720

588,101

4,988,854

38,202,613

6,003;

,821

43,

,191,

,467

SABINE (La.)

Inshore

—

—

—

—

Intermediate

3,189,576

525,314

3,460,872

24,407,513

Offshore

—

117,619
643,033

—

11,401,438

TOTAL

3,189,576

3,460,872

35,808,981

3,832,

,609

39,

,269;

,853

SABINE (Tex.) TOTAL 1,864,980 35,045

1,900,025

SABINE BASIN TOTAL 5,054,556 678,078

5,732,634

EAST BAY, TEX. TOTAL 7,800,253 363,122

8,163,375

1,524,522 4,491,255
6,015,777

4,985,394 40,300,236
45,285,630

11,130,850 112,215,243
123,346,093

48

Appendix 6.2(4). Brine water disposal from individual Louisiana fields, by basin,
in 1974 (Louisiana Department of Conservation 1977).

Basin

Field

To To

Disposal Wells Pits

To. Nonpotable
Water Bodies

VERMILION

Bancker
Buck Point
Buck Point, East
Buck 'Point, North
Esther

Esther, Southwest
Freshwater Bayou
Hill Hole Bayou
Live Oak
Redfish Point
Theall
Total

210.0

27.4
120.0

939.4

351.9
1,648.7

737.2

72.3

1.1

457.5

20.5

2,307.3

5.9

3,601.8

MERMENTAU

Big Lake
Chalkley
Fire Island
Florence
Florence, South
Freshwater Bayou, North
Grand Cheniere
Grand Lake
Gueydan, West
Lacassine Refuge
Lake Arthur, SW
Lac Blanc
Lake Misere
Lakeside

Little Pecan Lake
Mallard Bay
Pecan Lake
Sweet Lake
White Lake, East
White Lake, West
Total

210.9

—

364.2

21.2

222.7

—

42.5

—

660.9

—

1,936.2

—

2,136.1

—

246.4

—

581.2

—

41.34

10.12

0.3

—

—

2.8

181.3

—

1,399.8

—

364.0

—

2,563.3

—

12,323.8

—

6,281.6

—

2,858.7

—

32,415.24

34.12

288.1

1,100.8

1,388.9

CHENIER RIDGE

Cheniere Perdue

Cheniere Perdue, East

Deep Lake

Grand Cheniere, South

Kings Bayou

Pecan Island

Price Lake

Total

981.0

16.1

32.1

12.5

1,223.0

—

421.7

2,657.8
continued
49

13.5

42.1

206.8
179.6

3,698.9

376.4

4,461.7

Appendix 6.2(4). Concluded

Basin

Field

To
Disposal Wells

To To Nonpotable
Pits Water Bodies

CALCASIEU

Bayou Choupique
Calcasieu Pass
Cameron

Hackberry, East
Hackberry, West
High Island
Holly Beach, East
Mud Lake, East
Total

SABINE

Black Bayou
Deep Bayou
Johnson ' s Bayou
Johnson's Bayou, West
Sabine Lake, North
Second Bayou
Total

154.7
3,138.2

15.7

3,308.6

12.8

660.6

1.8
675.2

50.0

0.006
50.006

10.3
10.3

176.2

2,286.0
1,551.7

120.7

4,134.6

6,438.5
1.3

6.5

6,446.3

50

Appendix 6.2(5). Producing oil and gas wells for 1974 in Chenier Plain basins,
and the total number of wells (Louisiana Department of Conservation 1977).

Location of
Wells

1974
Producing wells

Oil

Gas

Total wells
to end of 1974

Oil

Gas

VERMILION

Bancker

Buck Point

Buck Point, East

Es ther

Fresh Water Bayou

Hill Hole Bayou

Intracoastal City

Live Oak

Buck Point, North

Fresh Water Bayou, North

Nunez

Redfish Point

Esther, Southwest

Theall

5

0

0

10

0

2

-

2

-

3

1

4

2

0

0

19

0

2

0

17

-

0

3

9

0

2

-

4

8

6

1

16

6

4

-

6

-

18

1

2

2

4

10

13

-

1

1

23

-

1

2

16

1

9

-

11

MERMENTAU

Florence, East
White Lake, East
Fire Island
Florence
Gueydan
Lac Blanc
Mulvey

White Lake, North
Outside Island
Riceville
Florence, South
Lake Arthur, South
Gueydan, Southeast
Perry, South
Riceville, South
Gueydan, Southwest
Gueydan, West
White Lake, West
Lake Arthur, East
Thornwell, South
Lake Arthur, West
Chalkley
Chalkley, North
Big Lake
Cheniere Perdue
Grand Lake
Lacassine Refuge
Lake Misere

0

-

1

-

15

2

65

7

-

0

-

3

-

2

1

17

4

1

80

20

0

17

4

34

1

0

4

3

-

0

-

2

0

0

1

3

1

5

1

11

2

0

1

2

-

0

-

1

-

8

-

14

-

0

-

1

0

0

-

1

0

2

-

4

6

11

37

37

11

10

27

27

-

0

-

6

0

27

2

51

2

2

6

5

2

17

38

33

0

5

1

8

1

9

50

27

2

4

1

8

18

7

65

21

-

3

-

7

0

0

1

2

continued

51

Appendix 6.2(5). Continued

Location of
Wells

1974
Producing wells

Oil

Gas

Total wells
to end of 1974

Oil

Gas

MERMENTAU - Cont'd.

Lakeside

Little Chenier Ridge

Mallard Bay

Deep Lake, North

Sweet Lake, North

Pecan Lake

Lake Misere, South

Pecan Lake, South

Thornwell, South

Lake Arthur, Southwest

Sweet Lake

Twin Island

Chalkley, West

CHENIER BASIN

Pecan Island, North

Pecan Island

Big Mouth Bayou

Constance Bayou

Crab Lake

Deep Lake

Cheniere Perdue, East

Go Around Bayou

Grand Cheniere

Hog Bayou

Kings Bayou

Little Cheniere

Little Pecan Lake

Lower Mud Lake

Price Lake

Second Lake

Creole, South

Grand Cheniere, South

Cheniere Perdue, West

CALCASIEU

0

6

1

21

0

-

1

1

0

6

2

9

0

2

1

7

0

0

1

1

-

13

-

27

0

12

1

17

1

12

8

44

0

27

2

49

1

10

1

21

1

0

86

3

1

7

5

15

0

0

1

-

1

3

0
0
2

0

40
1
1
2

21
0
0

13
7

10
0
5
0
3
0
1
8
0

-

1

-

44

-

2

-

12

2

10

-

79

2

5

-

4

3

21

3

15

-

20

1

4

8

35

-

8

1

7

-

2

-

4

20

2

Bayou Choupique

Choupique

Moss Lake, East

Lake Charles

Lockport

0

0

3

10

1

-

5

4

1

4

24

18

-

1

-

5

5

2

165

14

continued

52

Appendix 6.2(5). Concluded

# Wells

1974

Producing wells

Oil

Gas

Total wells
to end of 1974

Oil

Gas

CALCASIEU - cont'd.

Lake Charles, South
Calcasieu Lake
Calcasieu Pass
Cameron

Hackberry, East
Holly Beach, East
Mud Lake, East
Gross e Savanne
Holly Beach
Mud Lake
Hackberry, West

4

6

17

18

0

5

5

2

0

0

3

13

4

22

10

26

4

2

397

20

-

3

-

9

0

18

1

26

0

-

1

-

-

3

-

10

0

0

1

2

23

5

433

19

SABINE

Phoenix Lake

Black Bayou

Blue Buck Point

Cameron Meadows

Deep Bayou

East Cameron Meadows

Gum Cove

Johnson Bayou

Louisiana Point

Sabine Lake, North

Ocean View Beach

Second Bayou

Smith Ridge

Black Bayou, South

Johnson's Bayou, West

0

2

52

5

12

0

168

7

-

0

-

4

9

3

97

9

0

2

1

3

-

0

3

1

0

0

3

2

23

2

47

24

—

0

-

1

-

1

-

4

-

0

-

1

-

14

-

27

0

0

2

1

9

2

15

1

-

3

-

3

53

to

<D

■=■

co

•H

U

R!

c

*•**

[fl

Q)

•H

4J

C

3

O

o

c

.

■H

^-^

CO

cd

H

LO

Cm

r^

ON

)-l

1 — 1

<u

•H

CU

3

S-i

cu

3

J3

4-1

O

H

3

c

CJ

•H

■H

>-i

CO

bo

4-1

<

U

3

4-1

x)

o

0

M

4-1

a

3

[U

tH

B

cd

4-1

U

(-1

3

cd

^j

c_

H

01

3

a

o

•H

•

>-l

t/1

M

•

cd

a

^^<

14-1

O

<r

i —

1)

o>

3

T— 1

^H

TO

c

>

•H

•

/--N

■c

CN

vO

X

■H
T3

a

CU

to

4-1

■V a

cd T3
O

>,

co

o.
o

1-1
o

u
cu cd

ax:

cd

i-i

3

u

en

H

4J

en

r-~

oo

r~.

nO

r^

o

o

3

o

ao

<r

oo

m

m

co

ON

o

a

3

-4-

tH

r^

m

o\

O

CO

rH

•H

•o

>-l

o

(N

vr

<r

i-i

CN

CN

00

■o

00

u

co

CN

en

CN

u-i

m

cd

a.

oc w

QJ S-l

rCl Cd

g C4-4

3

C 4-1

O

cd

xi

cd
m
)-i

<

CO 4J

•H C

(-■ 3

cd o

0-. cj

NO

on

tH

r^.

on

CN

o

u-l

m

nO

00

00

on

<■

V©

o

<o

00

CO

CN

on
m

vO
CN
ON

CO

ON

O
CO

on

O
CN

m

on

CO
m

CO

on

rH

CN

o

CO

on

tH

o

CO

u-i

m

CN

m

00

NO

ON

on

oo m

ON vO
CN

CN

on
ON

CO CO

o
-a-

CO

CN
CO

o

CN

-d-

-* CO

r» o

o -a-

CO -^

00
CN

o

CO

CO

o

CN

CN

o

m vO «*
ON CN 00
CN VT CN

U">

ON

CN

m

vO

CN

m

t-»

vO

CO

NO

-d-

m
o

m

CN

ON

O
co

ao
O

m

CN

m

oo

CN

ON
ON

NO

CN

OO

CN
CO

vO

m

>

CO

a

c

c

3

c

n

o

o

en

CU

o

o

4-1

CO

u

•H

a

CO

•H

cu

CO

u

<u

CO

o

h

tH

oo

cu

01

ja

CO

M

cu

•H

n

>

U-I

6

o

a)

U-I

E

CO

rH

U-I

CO

rH

U-I

u

cd

cu

£

CO

cd

<u

CU

o

U

►o

CJ

CJ

U

—>

>

54

c:

M

0>

3

!h

4J

u

OJ

CO ,-v

u

</>

^1 w

u

OJ

0)

ex

3

o

a o

u o

■u

3 H

<u

w

•z.

<U X

M

</>

\ '

a

o

•H

4-1 /-^

O CO O

3 mo

TJ CO O

o c^

t-l 01

a. a. x

X

a ji">

rl ,--/

CO

p*

u

,13
4-i

o

a -co-

cu

<u cu

CO CO — '

CO

0) CU

3 j-i ^->

i-i '3U O
C0^— 14-HJ O

>hho o

^ OJ-iH
i_i C0p« </>
CO TO

X

a

M
CO

UH CO

CU

rH r<

CO U

4-1
O

H

CO

CO

en

01

01

•H

.e

^J

Ul

(3

•H

3

U

O

CO

O

P.

-3-

CO
-3"

CN

m

CN

-a-

o

m

rH

CO

o

00

00

CM

rH
CI

CN
H

<Ti

00

CN

CO

CN

CTl

CN
00
CTi

rH

rH
CTi

rH

00

CN

iH

CN

CT\
CN

CN

co
p~
CTi

00
00

en

m

in

00

in

CTi

CN

CO

rH

en

O
CM

en

rH

o

CN

«*

CTl
CN

CN

00

m

CO

m

00

rH

<r

CO

VO

«*

vO

CN

r-^

r^

m

CO

rH

CO

<r

<r

o

O

r-~

o

o

o

o

o

-3-

-*

o

r^

00

CO

00

LO

00

-a-

p-

00

oo

m
m

m

o
m

CN

CO

CN

CO

o

CT
00

O

o

00

UO

m

vD

CO

r-i

00

CO

CM

CO

CO

r^

~3"

<f

CO

CN

rH

CN

o

m

\D

^

o

co

CM

m

CM

CO

CO

CTi

00

m

00

<r

\0

O

CN

O

o

<■

CN

r»

<-{

CO

CO

sr

CN

CO

CO

c

c

3

c

3

o

o

CO

cu

o

O

4-1

CO

u

■H

c

en

•H

OJ

CO

u

CU

CO

O

^

rH

oo

0)

CU

Xi

CO

u

CI)

en

•H

C

>

U-I

6

o

cu

m

•H

R

CO

i-i

u-i

cO

rH

e

U-I

>

l-l

U

CO

01

XI

CO

CO

01

cfl

01

o

o

1-5

a

U

u

>-3

Q

>

55

M

QJ

J3

M

•rH

5-1

«

a

en

CU

•

•H

/- n

4J

CB

c

LO

a

r^-

o

ON

o

. — i

c

0)

•H

U

cfl

3

H

4-"

PM

H

3

r4

o

CD

•H

■H

)-i

C

00

aj

<

~

CJ

HH

o

E

U

4J

M

C

14-1

(1)

e

in

4-1

c

r<

0

CD

M

c_

CJ

HI

n

14-1

o

•

W

0)

•

3

3

H

w

rt

>

-d"

r~-

as

CO C

X

•H
TD
C
<U

a.
a

<

C
J) 13 H

w c a.
in ttj o

a, u
o

5h ^H
O cfl

4-1

o

4-1

1)

co-
re

5-4

aj

3

in

OJ

cfl
>

>
5-1

T3

c

cfl

a

ft

A

H

n

u

U-4

o

u

o

ai

5-1

o

cO

4-1

o

5-i

o

CO

H

o

o
o

T3
5j C
CJ CO
Pu rH

P-

at

3

O
5-1

tH o o

CO O

>

CO

Cu 4-1

o o

5-4

CJ

-H O

X

v>

14-1

o

CJ
5-1
CJ

cfl

a

>*4 a.o
o o o

5-1 O
CJ rH

3

CO

>

cfl </>

*J C w

in cfl at

<D rH 5h

> p. a

cfl

32

O

U
u

n

cfl cfl .1)

4J i-l 5-1

o a. o

H O cO
5-1

o

CN

CN

-a-

in

o

vO

CI

vJ3

en

vO

Cl

r^

O

<r

CO

so

>s>

-D

as

CO

«*

m

en

m

SO

o

iH

^H

c-0

o-i

CN

CN

CN

m

sO

CO

as

m

o

CN

m

o

rH

O

«*

as

o

00

iH

CN

t-l

-d"

as
m

vO
CM

as

en
as

o

en

as

-3-

o

CN

m

sQ
OS

0-1

m
en

Os

i-i

CN

o

O-I

OS

H

o
en

in

m

CN

m

vT

-3-

00

•-o

00

l-«

1 —

vr

CN

r^

CN

vO

CN

H

r*

m

CN

m

SO

in

vl-

CN

CN

rH

00

m

OS

as

vO

o-i

m

CN

H

oo

m

CN

H

CN

CN

I**

i-l

o

■*

o-i

o

o-i

OS

o-i

o

Os

sO

sO

r-«

Os

CN

o-i

rH

SO

sO

r^

<r

sO

CO

sO

SO

sO

00

OS

r^

m

<r

CN

CN

CO

<r

O

O

so

00

OS

i-H

rH

OJ

CN

CN

c

c

3

c

c

o

0

in

01

o

o

4-1

in

5-i

•iH

c

in

•H

OJ

in

u

flj

en

o

5-1

rH

00

<u

OJ

xi

CO

5-i

qj en

•H

c

>

UH

e

CJ

OJ

HH"H

R

CO

rH

Hh

CO

^

a

^ >

ri

i-i

lO

01

£

cfl

CO

CD Cfl

CU

O

o

|-J

CJ

CJ

cj

hO

>

56

Appendix 6.2(9). Method of conversion of
county-based agriculture data to Chenier
Plain basins.

For each parish within a basin a value per ha was calculated from 1974 data
of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (1975). This was multiplied by the
ratio of the rural population of the parish in the basin to the total rural
population in the parish. This value was summed for all parishes impinging
on a basin.

Value/ha/basin ■ 2

Value/ha/parish Rural population of parish in basin
Total rural population of parish

where n = parishes in a basin

BASIN

Vermilion

Chenier

PARISH

Rural

Population

Factor

Vermilion 1.0 x x

496

0

.40

X

V

Vermilion

724

0

60

X

Y

1,220

Mermentau

4,452

3,522
7,974

0.56 x x
0.44 x x

Vermilion

Cameron

Calcasieu

2,422
7,368
9,790

0.25 x x
0.75 x X

Cameron

Calcasieu

Sabine, La.

1,372
1,008
2,480

0.58 x x
0.42 x x

Cameron

Calcasieu

continued

57

Appendix 6.2(9). Concluded

16,641

0.83 x xn

A0range

3,362

0.17 x Xt «

Jefferson

ine,

Tex.

20,003

•06 x xr

Cameron

Calcasieu

.74 x y~

Orange

Sabine Total 22,383 .15 x xT «

Jefferson

2,400 0.50 x Xr, .

Chambers

2,424 0.50 x x„ •,

— ' Galveston

East Bay 4,824

Parish factor is the ratio of rural parish population in a basin to
total rural population.

58

Appendix 6.2(10). Agricultural fertilizer use in Chenier Plain counties/
parishes in 1974 (U.S. Department of Agriculture 1975a).

County/parish

Total
acres

Number of

acres
fertilized

Percent of

total acres

fertilized

Tons

Tons/

acre

Orange

62,035

7,396

0.12

1,091

0.1475

Galveston

103,576

7,394

0.07

1,427

0.1930

Jefferson

323,643

94,929

0.29

18,545

0.1922

Chambers

309,141

61,291

0.20

12,027

0.1962

Calcasieu

408,088

123,761

0.30

19,907

0.1609

Cameron

245,323

23,797

0.10

3,751

0.1576

Jefferson

Davis

328,212

204,498

0.62

34,475

0.1683

Vermilion

374,523

170,214

0.45

28,219

0.1658

59

ON

H
I
vO
I —
ON

u-i

rH

vO

rH

~o-

CN

a\

p^

m

J-l

•»

•»

u

CN

CN

o

iH

c^

rH

o
u

o

c

•H
efl

M

CU rH
-H P~

<u on

a i

CM

00 r-.
aj on

X rH

<U
H ca

a

•3 -H

C o

efl <U

a.

/— s, CO

H

v— » T3
CU

r».

ON

I

tO

on

rM

H

rO

U

tO

on

rH
I

On N

CO

CO
X
<u

H
x>

4-1 CO
CO CD

w >

M

CO

• .c

H SH

^ 3

X

•H
T3
C
(11

a
3

O

on

rH

I

en
r~
on N

en

CM

ON N

S-i

3

o

rH

o
en

•a-

en

o

v£>

CO

00
-3-

tO

00

tO

en

LO
rH

r-.

to

o

ON
CN

ON

ON

ON

ON

O

CN

en

-.

CN

en

oo

CN

^o

ON

00

ON

o

CN

en

CN
.CN

ON

vO

en

>*

ve

r-~

r~-

sa-

CN

ON

vO

M

A

-J

rH

00

o

sa-

co

CO
•3-

CN

en

o

CO

C

o
o
o

rj

ca

pi

o

CN

o

CN

00
O

00

00
O

3
Z

CTj

r-l

CO

3
33

a)

CD

rH
C

o

S-i

pq

4-1
CD

ctl

A

u
o

■a

crj

CO

rl
CO
04

CO

CO
X

1)

H

0)
cu

rH

I

H

PQ

PQ

CO

>,

CU

X)

4-1

H

T3

CO

UM

CD

a

O

rH

■H

•H

4-1

c

D.

CO

o

B

OJ

•H

o

60

u

>N

rH

OJ

rl

CTJ

CU

4-1

•

4-1

c

CO

CO

efl

•H

13

4-1

M

efl

H

3

rH

•3

o

O

•

Fh

CU

a.

a

>>

x:

CU

co

1)

U

CO

M

t

CU

tH

o

■H

rH

M

4J

3

c

X»

CU

CO

0)

3

rH

rH

42

CU

CO

r-A

M

U

a

CU

efl

0)

3

T3

s

a.

CO

CO

a.

CO

•

U

eO

X

i-i

3

O

M

CU

a

■4H

O

4J

H

CU

4-1

1

e

3

S-i

4-1

o

CO

0

o

H

efl

UM

CO

-a

5

•a

a.

<u

cu

rH

01

CO

00

00

efl

a

CO

a

efl

4-1 •

XI

•H

X

O r^

<u

4-1

4-i r~

(4H

4J

u

4-1

CJN

tH

CO

o

CO

UH r-i

rH

CU

a.

CU

0

rH

M

CU

u

I

4J 4-1

•H

CO

efl

a a

s

X

CO

r-l

x:

0J 0)

o a

T3

CO

cu

CO

M 4J

C

CO

rH

efl

CU u

a

X

CO

X

Ct, CO

CU

CU

cu

a

CD

H

•a

H

'4H CU

^

o a

u

TJ

<4H

T3

CO

CU

o

CU

cu cu

04

4-1

4-1

4J U-l

CO

u

efl

CO -rl

CO

B

<U

a

a ^

<o

■H

Xj

-H

•H TJ

X

4-1

s

4-1

4J rH

cu

CO

3

CO

CO -H

H

w

2

w

W S

H

CN

en

~T

to

60

o

H

<r

o\

CN

vO

m

CO

r».

X!

T3

CN

co

r-»

i-i

r-l

u->

CO

rH

r-

u-i

co

CO

vO

en

u

0)

■t

M

•*

cO

tH

CM

•O

CO

T> S

>"

3

CO 13

CD

X! -O

co s

r-»

-*

CN

r-^

CN

CT>

<U 3

CO

sO

CO

o

vo

m

vO

M O

<U

O

oo

ON

vO

r>.

00

Pn D.

1-1

B

<:

<r

C30

CN

m

CTi

vO

•H

i-i

sr

CN

rH

vO

u

a)

e

x:

CO

u

CO

S

x:

CO
■H

o

CO
M

pq

N

T3

CJ*

<r

o

o

u-|

CN

O

CTi

r-^

00

u-l

CN

o

CO

<*

00

CN

O

vO

-*

r-~

o\

O

00

-<r

CN

rH

vO

r-l

CN

<n

m

rH

rH

5 O

<T

vO

-*

00

H CN

O

iri

o

CN

H 00

o\

o

CO

rH

o\ oo
r-» rH

cr.

CN

rH

00
00

CO

-3-

rH

00

o

CN

o\

CN

vO

-3- <f

O <Ti

cn r-~

u-i

u-i

r^

•<r

CO

i-H

u-i

CO

O

a

n

■r.

u-i

r-

00

CN

co

CO

CN

O

CO

r-.

CO

O

CN

O

CO

-a-

u-i

CU

vO

CN

CO

<r

CN

u

M

«

«

M

<

CO

<*

vO

00

00

rH

rH

CN

CO

vO

00

vO

00

o

u-|

CN

o

CO

vO

o

<r

r-~

vO

CO

o\

x>

vO

U1

O

00

CO

CN

CO

O

<r

rH

CO

01

ui

00

rH

VO

o

H

*

A

tt

A

<

rH

UI

CN

<r

CO

s

3

3

o

CO

(U

>N

rH

•H

u

4-1

■H

CO

CO

rH

cu

3

CO

<u

to

u

•H

•H

CU

cO

3

o

a

c

S

y

•H

4-1

H

u

CU

ft

rH

XI

CO

OJ

xs

<u

CO

CO

CO

>

u

s

CJ

CO

u

CO

CO

CO

/■ \

CN

CN

CN

CO

r~-

r»

[--

CN

o\

CTi

a\

r-~

rH

rH

rH

O-v

rH

o

O

o

s

3

3

O

CO

cO

CO

3

CO

CO

CO

CO

•H

•H

•H

CO

a

a

u

iH

<-\

rH

rH

a

CO

CO

CO

rH

Pi

Pu

PU

CO

w

>*•

*"^

CU

CO

CO

cfl

X!

Xi

x:

cfl

X!

O

o

o

o

o

o

O

o

o

o

o

rH

rH

rH

o

rH

u

U

u

CU

01

CU

lu

o-

a.

a.

CU

a.

CO

CO

CO

■u

4J

4-1

CO

rH

rH

rH

4-1

CU

CU

CU

rH

o.

Pu

a.

ex

o

CO

o

CN

en

<r

rH

rH

CO

rH

CN

4J

4-1

4J

4J

<:

<

<

<

rH

CN

CO

<r

61

01

Cfl
M
CO"

e

3
CO

c

•H
CO

td

,0

3

Pm

M
QJ
•H
C
CD

o

co
>

S-i

cfl
,C

T3
0)
■u
ct)

e

•H

■u

CO

w

•H

C
<u
p.
a
<

o

H

-3-

a\

O

O

o

vO

on

CN

H

00

CN

00

ON

I-I

cn

m

CO

en

r^

00

r-»

n

•k

M

«t

*

*

i-i

ON

m

o

vO

«*

oo

n

vO

u-i

r-l

<•

i-l

r-l

H

CN

-3-

o

o

o

O

o

o

£

13

u-i

o

o

in

m

o

CO

i-l

en

cn

00

CO

rH

m

H

0)

cd

T-l

r~

o

1-1

CTi

vO

oo

■a 1

fM

i-H

vO

m

r-1

ao

c

•H

co t3

a)

j= -a

CO c

a) s

r-»

«3"

CN

r-

CN

ON

M o

CO

vO

cn

cn

vO

m

vO

fn Oh

CD

O

00

ON

--D

r-»

00

s

)-i

A

n

n

n

n

•*

•H

<:

-a-

OO

CN

m

<y>

vO

r-l

<r

CN

r-i

vO

•3JN

CO

M

ca
S

J3
SO
■H

o

cfl
«

x:

CO

n

o

o

o

o

o

o

h

T3

m

vX)

00

CN

00

vO

CO

r-l

CJ>

o

o

rH

o

m

a

QJ

•rl

o

vO

<3"

m

CN

<T

0)

>-•

rH

■H

CN

«j

CO

■H

X)

0)

i —

<r

CT>

CN

00

m

E

CO

ON

00

r-l

■H

00

<r

OJ

r-

r-i

m

^r

r-

i-H

QJ

U

■U

<

<r

00

in

o

o\

iO

C

r-i

CN

CN

CN

o

cn
o

m

cn

CN
CN
CN

o

o

i£>

m

m

cn

00

m

00

o
cn
cn

vO
CM

cn
«o-

00

cn

m

CM

00

CM

m

cn
oo

m

o oo

•-I cn

vO o

-3- cn

c

3

3

o

CO

01

>>

rH

•H

u

■u

■H

CO

CO

i-H

0)

C

CD

01

PQ

4-1

•H

•H

QJ

CO

u

O

a

3

a

O

•H

4J

H

01

M

r-l

.O

CO

m

5

3!

CO

CO

Cfl

>

u

2

C_>

w

W

•

s- s

J3

XI

^-\

ja

CM

CM

.£>

CM

r~

r~

CM

r-~

ON

cn

r~

a\

iH

iH

ON

iH

i-l

O

O

O

c

a

O

a

cO

CO

e

CO

co

CO

CO

CO

1-1

■H

0)

•H

B

S

T-l

0

i-H

rH

S

i-l

CO

CO

i-H

CO

Pu

Pu

CO

Pm

N— *

v— *

Pm

**s

^— '

CO

CO

CO

A

£

CO

J2

Xi

o

O

O

o

o

o

O

o

o

o

o

i-H

rH

o

1-1

iH

M

M

I-l

a>

a)

t-l

QJ

a

Cu

CD

a.

o.

CO

co

CO

4J

4-1

CO

4-1

H

■H

4-1

■H

QJ

QJ

r-{

0)

Cx

D-

CD

a.

a.

o

O

o

o

O

o

CT\

cn

in

u

4J

4-1

4J

<

<:

<:

<

r-l

CM

cn

<r

62

CD •— v

•H v£>

U r--
cd cr>
3 -i

CD

a
u

I

o
u

•H O

CO C

(U

<D

•H

0

U

j->

0)

J-<

X

nj

01

a

•H

01

IH

O

n) CO

(J

P

Vj

^-*

(1)

R

CO

B

c

0

•H

o

CO

cd

IM

,0

o

a)

c

c

o

•H

•H

,Q

u

cfl

cfl

W

r-\

3

-a

o

c

rH

cd

m

u

>>

cd

pq

•

<— \

u

^r

'Si

^H

cd

^

W

<N

•

H

vO

o

M-l

X

•H

OJ

-1

!m

e

cd

(U

4-1

a

a

a.

a>

<

A

C4 ^ O

u-»

O

C4

n

u-»

u-i

*r\

3 T-

(M

r-

ao

M

^

■35

o

3

V

3

<

u

>s

.1.

«

■H

(fl
(U

V

at
a.

rH

^

,* -* —t -H -H 2

63

■J)

tx

c

•H

11

C

RJ

^H

U)

***»

dJ

J

•H

vO

(J

r^

0)

CT\

,C

^-<

en

•H

<u

IH

CJ

m

H

<u

tfl

|

•H

i

a

0

u

u

u

s

4-1

g

O

0

u

(J

c

rt

11

C

B

RJ

u

•H

u

•-0

a

•H

Q,

D

D

0

a

J

•

c

CO

Vj

•

1)

t=

J-J

V«X

X

dJ

m

13

r~.

a>

in u

^ o

• a\

\0 ^H

X)

C
<u
a.
a.

<

R

u

W

3

0

£

-O

*H

3

1 ^~

64

o* r^

-7 -O u~>

CM <T <3\

r- mco

o

ON

O <*1
o a*

soNiawn on

sDKiawn on

o o
o o
o en

r» © r-

O O

O O

O u-\

ci O

-a

C
■H

4-1

c

o
a

in <n
-o in

CN

o o
o o

T3

a

65

(SI <J\

O O

o o

o o o
o o o

(m m <n*

o o
o o

T3

o o
o o

sr r—

o

u

O f>

0)

C

•H
T3

c:
<u
&,

<

C
o
u

CO -■£)

sdnionvi on

CN t*»

2 5

66

O O O

0 o o

01 -T irt

O O

o o

-j cm

X)
01

TJ

rH

o

c
o
u

o o o o
o o o o
r-. so f\ m

X)

c

CD

a

PL.

o o o

o o o

m GO cm
m r-. f*^

O O

o o

CM <V|

CM ON

SONTONVl ON

S3NI0NV1 ON

•-* 41

67

Appendix 6.2(17). Total monthly distribution of industrial water use (millions
of gallons) in 1967 for southwestern Louisiana (Louisiana Department of Public

Works 19 70).

Month

Intake

Southwestern Louisiana

Consumption

Return
flow

January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Total

14,288
13,410
14,820
15,300
15,309
16,324
16,803
17,483
16,924
16,552
16,462
16,819
190,494

1,012
976
1,039
1,051
1,069
1,103
1,130
1,159
1,148
1,142
1,123
1,121
13,073

13,276
12,434
13,781
14,249
14,240
15,221
15,673
16,324
15,776
15,410
15,339
15,698
177,421

68

vO

-*

tH

CM

CM

CO

CM

H

LO

vO

Xi

m

o

l/N

rH

ON

o

nO

CM

00

p~

<r

CO

u

m

LO

m

<r

r~

1 —

00

0

l~s

m

m

^r

iH

oo

o

H

ro

cn

rH

H

H

rC

1^

M

00

3

1

0

1 <f

>H

o

r3

r-l

H

■n

CM

r-»

NO

rH

O

cn

•V

00

no

O

~d-

rH

nO

u

rH

ON

00

no

CM

nO

u

o

1 O

m

01

r-~

O

m

p,

m

CM

o

rH

vO

o

X

CM

t-l

rH

rH

W

tl

NO

•<r

NO

rH

ro

ON

0)

ON

ON

in

r-4

ON

00

4-1

rH

o

-j-

CM

■vf

r~-

u

n

»

*>

•»

mi

o

m

on

o

r~-

CM

c

r^

CM

<f

CM

s

cn

r-

ON

o

o

•H

H

Uh

14-1

rt!

In

H

rH

cd

4-1

Sh

o

co

H

■D

>H

CMrHONCOCONO-d-cnO--)-
IN^vOiOrOCO^dincO
r^miHO-r-^cMONf^-ONCM

N>on*incMino-i-co
p~r~~iocnoN<roooN~-rON
ON00vDr^-cMOr^v£)r-~ON

^O no *D rv rs r-» i — I — I — r-»

ON ON ON ON ON ON ON ON ON ON

>>

ON

CO

4J

r«>

T3

•

•H

oo

O

TJ

-o

CO

n

o

o

Q

in
CJ

4-1

UH

5

3

a. *-s

o

-o

ON

0)

-a

^•s

u

0

u

3N

CJ

-a
c

0)

h

CO

r4

>l

s

O, r-

0)

o

3

0)

X.1

_

1

CM

CO

rH

^

3

4H

a

-3
4-1

CJ

cn

rH

-a

<T

CC

cn

TJ

rH

cd

rH

o

•H

>*rH

0

m

^r

a

rH

d)

rH

UH

rH

UH

H

ON

u

c

rH

•H

ro

rJ

r~~

3

ON

rH

'4-1

►,

0)

o

4-1

•H

e

CO

3

CM

a

rn

rH

CO

4-1

4=

1

0)

s

A

ru

1

4-1

1

cd

1

(0

H

■H

cn

rH

O- H

rH

J3

o

a

r-^

B

U"l

^r'

H

"O

•H

rH

rH

cn

CJ

rH

cd

H

rH

O

UH

ON

■1)

m

'H

ON

o

oo

UH

O

M

cn

•

E

o

-3

-i

<u

o

U

CM

3

CM

0)

CI

CJ

g

3

3

—

4J

a

J3

Si

O
U

CO

rJ
O

u

o

a)

1

4J
O

•rH

S3

69

OS

<r

CN

r^

CO

to

rH

o

r-.

-*

H

li~>

u-1

r-l

oo

1/1

r-l

co

<r

LO

-3-

r^

CN

<■

ON

(0

*

«*

*

n

n

A

n

4-1

r~

^H

at

r~

<r

«*

CN

0

m

as

co

r^

en

>T

H

CN

<t

rH

o

r4

> •

•H /— ,

Pi tO

3 at

CO •— i

4-1

C CO

CD >-i

e qj

60

c

C PJ
•H

en iw

co o

PQ

en
a

M

O

c u

E >.

at B

s <

c •

•H CO

0) o

CJ w
rJ

en
cu

a
d

CO
0) C_>

d
o

U

cu

4J

CO

£2

en
cu

Q

■3
C
CO

a)

3
O"
•H
O.
N

CN Z
SO

;•:

3

o

•H CO

d

cu

a

<

CN

m

OO

r>*

J=

CN

CN

r-»

r»

00

r»«

ON

<r

m

3

I

A

I

I

0

I

co

In

r-l

A

H

T3

at

vO

o

O

OO

QJ

r^

CN

r^

to

o

4-1

co

vO

CN

r-4

a\

>H

n

«

»

■

o

r^

I <r

in

o

°i

u-i

o

<r

CN

X

CN

<r

w

»

"3

CN

r-l

r-»

LO

vO

tO

r~

OJ

CN

tO

in

o

tO

ON

vO

4J

r-~-

at

<r

o

at

to

u

1

A

*

A

«

«

o

1

o

r^

ON

CN

tO

=H

00

co

CN

rH

CN

B

rH

r-~cor^uoomco-j-rHco
m o on io <r o\ o i — tor^

u"lrHOcNCOOu"ttOtO-J-

u

0

■H

H

ll_l

14-1

3

U

H

r-l

3

4-1

Vj

0

CO

H

V

r-l

<T

rH

«

O

tn

rH

CO

CN t-H to

m

O

00

CO

CN

^O

at

00 CO 00

at

m

CM

in

CO

m

CN

o o o

CNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCN

NCOUiOHCSfl^-ultO
to to to r^ i — i — r-^i — r~. r-»
otatatatatatatatatat

tO

at

>s
u

•H

Q

O

u

CJ

•rl
>4H
<4-l

3

U

H

•H

-3

G

a

c

•H

3
U

u

rH CO

■H >t rH

rH m at

o cu o

I JZ I

ro en rH

O H H

i— i u-i at

o o

CO
FJ2

§
3
OJ

rH
O

u

4-1

a)

Q. rH

<u tn

13 rH

3

u

en

4-1
CJ

3

"0 at
o <r

r4 <T

O. rH

at en

f» -a •

co o -a

CN o o

CU

X o

CN

3
CJ
•H

S
, <u

JS

CJ

o

M

4-1

CU

&4

I)

5
3

"3
d)
Vj
3

4J
CJ
3

X)
CU

u

3

4-1

a
co i

en
cu

CN
I

a

CN

3

ON

H

3

ro

r^

3

1

3

i

rH

t —

M

cn

•

CJ

CO

CJ

X

CO

70

rH

oo

ON

U0

00

CO

rH

m

CO

00

m

no

no

vO

NO

on

O

m

oo

o

vO

NO

<r

NO

CI

r-.

00

o

o

o

<r

f^.

o

no

r~

LA

NO

CM

m

CO

o

H

oo

r~~

T-\

<r

CO

rH

NO

ON

X

-*

M

iH

3

ft

o

H

H

CO

jo-

CO

sh

nO

CM

ON

<r

CO

r^

m

O

H

iH

nO

ON

o>

m

m

no

00

oo

on

r^

CN

<r

H

■£>

o

on

r--

<r

CO

<t

CN

>H

CM

H

o

NO

00

-a

CM

r^

ON

vO

rH

m

-cr

<u

CO

O

f~

CM

in

ON

nO

4J

ON

<•

ON

r»

r>.

CO

rH

M

*

O

H

CM

CM

CM

<r

-cj-

oo

a

t^

nO

00

00

r^

in

r-~

X

nO

OO

<r

CM

CM

<r

w

*

n

c
o

T3

CD

4-1

H
O

w

00
00

in

NO

ON

-3-

00

m

CO
CM

00

ON
CM

CO
O
CM

CO

NO

vO

00

o

ON

vO

m

O

iH

oo

NO

CM

rH

00

o

o

■H

H

U-l

M-l

CO

U

H

rH

cd

u

u

o

m

H

o>

>-■

rHin<rOOCSON~3-COCMCM

oor^m-d-r^vOrHOcoco
ooooor^mmoNONr~~oo

(^

vO

O

rH

00

CM

m

vO

ON

oo

CO

<r

LO

<T

ON

ON

oo

Is*

ON

a

cc

CM

CO

O

m

r~»

r»>

CM

00

ON

ONCMinmOvOrHrHONin

-n-inmmNominin-cfm

r--ooONOrHcMco-d-invo
vOvONOr^r^r^-r^r^r^r^
OnonOnononononononon

ON

to

P>.

TO

•

00

o

-o

CO

CN

0

0

4-J

IH

u

u

4-1

a.

3

C ^

T3

ON

01

-a

^^

O

ON

o

-a

01

X

!-l

<r

X

0

Vj

U

e

0.rH

0)

o

3

a)

0

i

CO

3

4-1

-C

ai

»

CM

H

A

o

u

rH

CO

rH

T3

>3-

CTJ

CO

'TO

rH

cd

rH

O

rH

>iH

O

oi

<r

O

rH

01

rH

U-l

rH

rH

H ON

u

c

H

•H

ro

M

1 —

3

ON

rH

o

0) O

u

•H

B

CO

3

CM

C

CO

rH

1

rC 1

01

£

•s

oj

1

4-)

1

CJ

1

ca

CO

CO rH

D-iH

rH

JS

a

CJ

rH

B

Ln

v *

gg

O

•H rH

rH

CO

u

rH

fl

rH

rH

c

rH

<+-i ON

CD

CO

u

ON

0

00

14-1

o

w

CO

■

•H

o

O

-a

rH

CD

o

!-i

CM

3

CN

OJ

CO

a

cC

3

3

x:

(J

C

x

en

u

cd

H

4-1

01

C3

4-1

•H

CJ

Pi

u

o

Ph

s

o

s

71

(0

3

CO

.

0)

^^v

NO

CJ

r^

cu

ON

!S

. — 1

(U

en

c

u

•H

01

J3

01

CO

c

C/l

•H

^-^

Of)

C

a

UJ

•H

C/l

in

cfl

o

W

en

Cl)

ft

c

t-i

•H

o

rQ

u

CtJ

C/l

>,

E

C

u

•H

<

01

.

a

C/l

n

•

01

D

i

^^

E

0

,— -s

o

U

o

0)

,o

c

rH

r-,

cfl

o

B3

rO

rH

en

01

en

•u

01

Cfl

Cm

3

01

G

•

■H

/~N

X>

•—I

cfl

CN

C/l

CN1

T3

•

C

iO

CO

X

«H

T)

C

01

ft

ft

<

rH

CN

t-H

m

r- 1

en

m

>3-

rH

o

rH

rH

l~-

<r

H

O

m -

oo

<r

cn

CN

o

CO

■u

<t

CN

00

~T

^r

-a-

oo

O

cn

r^

o

cn

r-»

o

-h

H

\D

m

00

CN

cn

CN

vO

lO

3
O
H

H

o

oo

r~

en

O

<r

00

<r

en

o

en

ON

vO

vO

on

o

m

m

r~.

cn

ON

00

m

o

oo

CN

o

00

on

CN

m

.-i

CN

in

en

CN

00

o

ON

t-H

on

n

13

m

<r

on

on

CN

on

ON

QJ

vO

m

cn

o

m

r-»

<r

■u

o

CN

rH

rH

CN

00

in

U

0

<r

r~

rH

rH

CO

rH

CN

ft,

o

ON

CN

rH

<n

00

cn

X

en

cn

CN

rH

CN

CN

tlj

ft

ft

ft

ft

cn

rH

00

rH

1 —
CN

u
0

ft

cn
o

CN

CN

m

rH

f^

r^

no

CN

cn

O

CN

in

rH

cn

c
m
cn

m
cn

o

cn

ON

rH

o

CN

cn

m

rH

lO

rH

CJ

o

■- 1

Eh

CO

U

H

rH

CO

H

U

o

CO

H

1)

>>

iniocNcNO>rHr^o-£i<r

COOHOiOOlH^inCO
cncN^TrHONCNONOOCN

00 rH

Cn rH

lC

OS

r^

ON \0

CN

r-~ vo

NO ON

r~

co

O

CO ON

m

rH CN

rH CN

u"N

'ON

r^

m cn

00

MSNmNH-fOO>0

NrxrvrNOOcOcocor>.0

i — ooONOrHCNcn^j-invO
cjnononononononononon

ON

r-l
O

J3

o
i

cn
cn o

C rH
•H O

CO
S-,
O

B
3

cu

rH

o

M

CU

ft rH

rH

0) cn

T> rH

3
M

U

en
j-i
o

3

T3 ON

0 ON

u <r

ft rH

I

- CN

-a -a-

o> -a-

C rH

B

■ -j

u

o
u

4-1
CU

ft

ON CO

r-~ -o

00 o

CN O

ft iJS

cu

CJ T3

X o

CU O

3

cO cn

CJ rH

•h cn
cn
I
O

-o
o
>-,
ft

T3
CU

3
■u
cj
cfl •

en

[H

CU

X.

DO
CN

ON

cn

I

in

u cn
cu cn

72

m

CM

r~

vO

en

CM

u-i

-a-

vO

ro

00

00

CO

iH

a

*

n

•*

CO

i^

<r

o

-a-

4-1

CM

en

o

o

o

rH

H

«

.fi

cn

cn

00

so

i-t

o

vO

a

1 00

r~-

1 •*

0

1 •*

»

1

u

a\

rH

rH

-3

r~-

cn

H

CM

TJ

cn

cn

CO

01

r-.

00

rH

4-1

r^

cn

cn

u

1

•>

•

o

1 -c

I cn

r^

a.

vO

r^

X

<r

U

01

4-1

u

o
p.

r

o

00

p^.

P-.

cn

•*

u-1

r^

r-^

rH

00

O

M

A

*

*i

o

CO

MO

vO

00

H

vO

CM

CJ

o

'H

H

U-I

U-I

CO

(J

H

H

CO

4J

rW

0

CO

H

a)

>->

r^ONi^^incoNooNcn

cno\OOOM~>u">ijnr-~COcn
OcNCMcnrHcNo->r-»cnoo

rHvO\ocncnrHr~rH-<rr-.

CMi— l\OCM~3-00rHvOrHCN

iNOmflHrninvo-j<N

vO

cn

4-1

■H

o

4=

p«ooo\OHNf0^irno
\o \D vO i — r-» r^ r-» r-» r-- r-~
cn cn cn cn cn cn cn cn cn cn

cn

o

r»«

3

CO

~a

cn

CM

0

4-J

rJ

cj

4-1

a.

3

Cu

T3

cn

0)

-a

r"%

o

cn

u

oj

cn

M

<r

X

U

r4

0-rH

cu

3

01

1

to

4-1

rC

m

CN

r-t

4*

CJ

4-1

cn

*a

<r

CO

cn

CO

rH

0

>mH

0)

<r

CJ

rH

U-I

iH

i-i cn

c

^-t

•H

cn

3

cn

rH

92 °

•H

e

CO

C

r~,

rH

E

*

0)

1

C3

1

CO

"tO rH

rH

.c:

O

£

to

^^

•H rH

ro

a

H

rH

u-i cn

r4

cn

0

CO

1-4

cn

•

o

CO

O

1-4

CN

01

cn

CJ

s

,G

4-1

-c

W

CO

-u

01

4-1

■H

OS

o

p-l

O

2

73

APPENDIX 6.3 CHENIER PLAIN BIOLOGICAL DATA
Appendix 6.3(1). Waterfowl sampling techniques and procedures.

Permanent north-south aerial transect lines were established at approxi-
mately 7-1/2 mile intervals across the Chenier Plain in 1968. A fixed wing
aircraft was used to fly these lines and to examine a belt transect 1/8 mile
each side of the aircraft. Ducks and coots were recorded by species and by
habitat type. An elevation of 100 to 150 feet was maintained while conduct-
ing the surveys.

Since the aircraft was not equipped with amphibious landing gear a
greater (safer) altitude was maintained over large bodies of water. Within
the Chenier Plain, Sabine, Calcasieu, Grand and White Lakes were thus ex-
cluded from the survey. While diving ducks, principally lesser scaup, were
known to be present on these lakes no effort was made to count them because
of the unreliability of counts that were conducted at the higher altitude.
Birds were difficult to see under conditions of ideal visibility, and became
almost impossible to see when the waters were choppy.

Geese were not recorded during these low level waterfowl inventory
flights. The extreme flushing distance of geese made it impossible to deter-
mine what portion of the airborne flocks were flushed from the survey strip.
Some goose inventory data were available for southwest Louisiana (U.S. Soil
Conservation Service 1974) .

Birds were recorded by five habitat types: Agriculture, Salt Marsh,
Brackish Marsh, Intermediate Marsh and Fresh Marsh. Survey records did not
delineate bird distribution by land use categories within the Agriculture
Habitat type. Bateman (1977 per comm.) stated that as a general rule about
75% of the ducks and 60% of the geese found in the Agriculture Habitat type
were in rice fields.

One additional judgment was necessary to utilize the survey information
from the agriculture habitat. Since transects ran from the Gulf to U.S. High-
way 90 many of the birds recorded in the Agriculture Habitat were between the
northern boundary of the Chenier Plain and U.S. Highway 90. After carefully
examining topographic maps, Bateman suggested that 80% of the ducks, 80% of
the coots, and 60% of the geese inventoried in the Agriculture Habitat should
be assigned to the Chenier Plain.

Since the Inland Open Water Habitat was not specifically inventoried, we
were unable to use these aerial surveys to estimate waterfowl use. The great-
est acreage in this habitat type is in the four large lakes excluded from the
surveys for safety reasons. The ducks using water bodies 10 acres in size
but smaller than these lakes were included in the count of the adjacent habi-
tat type.

74

Appendix 6.3(2). Data acquisition for dominant species of the Chenier Plain.

The first step in gathering data on higher vertebrates in the Chenier
Plain was to determine which species are known to occur there. This was ac-
complished by referring to range maps or species accounts published in the
following works: amphibians, Smith (1956), Wright and Wright (1949), Conant
(1975); turtles, Carr (1952), Conant (1975); alligator, Conant (1975); liz-
ards, Smith (1946), Conant (1975), Dundee and Rossman (unpublished ms.) ;
birds, Peterson (1963), Robbins et al. (1966); mammals, Hall and Kelson
(1959), Lowery (1974b). Range maps and discussions of geographic distribu-
tion are often based more or less on inference, and often vary among authors.
Exceptions to this are range maps for reptiles given in Rossman and Dundee
(unpublished ms.) and for mammals given in Lowery (1974b). Maps in these
two publications were compiled from documented occurrences of individuals at
specific localities within relatively recent historic times. Another short-
coming of range maps is that they present a static view of dynamic and com-
plex phenomena. Distributions of species are almost constantly changing,
either expanding (e.g. cattle egret) or contracting (e.g. whooping crane),
so these lists must be viewed as only preliminary.

In an effort to determine representative species, those species whose
ranges were mostly outside the Chenier Plain and for which there were only
occasional records of occurrence in the area were omitted from the list.
Exceptions to this were species that are on the U.S. Department of the In-
terior's Endangered or Threatened list, or those whose populations are known
to be declining. Each year the National Audubon Society publishes a "Blue-
list" of bird species whose populations are declining in some part of their
geographic range. Though this may not apply to breeding populations in Lou-
isiana, most of these species occur in the Chenier Plain during spring and
fall migration and thus merit attention. For most of the remaining species,
there is virtually nothing known about population status in Louisiana. It
is likely that some of these would have endangered status if they were bet-
ter known.

Basin Level - Occurrence of Species in the 14 Habitats

These determinations were based on information gleaned from the above
publications and also from Lowery (1974a). In the absence of systematic
faunal surveys, habitats listed by the above authors for each species were
relied on. This often required some interpretation, and the assignment of
a species to a particular habitat was in no way rigorous. For example,
Peterson (1963) lists the following habitats for the least sandpiper: "mud-
flats, grassy marshes, prairie pools, shores". Lowery (1974a) lists "beaches,
mudflats, grassy meadows, muddy lakeshores" for this species. The least
sandpiper was then assigned to the following habitats as defined in the
Chenier Plain project: Inland Open Water, Beach, Salt Marsh, Brackish Marsh,
Intermediate Marsh, Fresh Marsh, and Pasture. A similar procedure was fol-
lowed for each species.

continued
75

Appendix 6.3(2) Concluded.
Habitat Level

Sources of information at the habitat level were cited in the tables.
Trophic relationships, except where noted, were not specific to Chenier
Plain. These relationships vary somewhat both geographically and with time;
thus the static view presented in the tables may be somewhat misleading.
The information may be used without much error, however, as generally indic-
ative of the kinds of foods a particular species consumes. Constraints of
anatomy, physiology and behavior of a species usually limit the kinds of
food it can consume to a relatively narrow range.

Seasonal peaks of abundance given for birds refer to the state as a
whole, and not to specific habitats. Species whose peaks occur in spring
and summer are generally those that spend the winter months in Mexico,
Central America, and South America, returning in the spring to nest in the
coastal zone. Those that peak in fall and winter usually nest to the north
of the coastal zone. A third category of birds, the transients, breed for
the most part to the north of the coastal zone and winter to the south.
Year-round residents utilize coastal habitats both as wintering and as nest-
ing grounds.

76

Appendix 6.3(3). Data acquisition for fish species
of the Chenier Plain.

Notes on the trophic relations, local distributions, relative abun-
dance and economic importance of most fish species known to occur in the
Chenier Plain are present in the tabular format for the Nearshore Gulf and
Inland Open Water habitats.

In contrast to certain other groups of organisms, fishes of the Che-
nier Plain have received little study. Consequently the information pre-
sented here is derived in large part from the literature, with emphasis on
that pertaining to fairly well-studied (and ecologically similar) adjacent
areas — namely, the Galveston Bay System to the west and the Vermilion-
Atchafalaya Bay complex to the east. For many species, information derived
from informal unpublished observations were included.

Information on trophic relations is available for most of the species,
either from regional food habit analyses or by inference from observations
on the species or close relatives in other areas. Within a given feeding
type (e.g. predator, strainer, grazer, etc.), fishes tend to be highly op-
portunistic and consume virtually any ingestible materials that are avail-
able. Among estuarine species there tends to be considerable overlapping
of feeding types, especially when various life-history stages are considered
(Darnell, R. M. 1958).

Habitat relations are summarized under the heading Local Distribution.
The position normally occupied by the species in the water column (e.g.
demersal, pelagic) was noted. In this context the term "pelagic" was used
in reference to fishes typically not associated with the bottom, as opposed
to the biogeographic connotation of the word (i.e., open ocean dwelling)
which has no relevance here. Horizontal patterns of distribution were also
noted, since many species tend to occupy mainly the narrow zone along the
beach, deeper areas farther offshore, or places where special substrate
conditions obtain (e.g., reefs, wrecks, oil platforms, etc.). Inland Open
Water Habitat entries for this category emphasize salinity zones and major
types of water bodies such as river channels, marsh bayous and lakes, swamps,
and so forth. Criteria for salinity zones followed Parker (1965): fresh to
brackish (0 to 5 o/oo) ; low (5 to 10 o/oo) ; moderate (10 to 20 o/oo) ; and
high (greater than 20 o/oo).

Relative and seasonal abundance entries are intended to give a broad
idea of temporal and spatial patterns. In many instances they refer back
to habitat information (e.g., locally abundant). Virtually no reliable data

77

Appendix 6.3(3) Concluded

pertaining to the Chenier Plain habitats are available on relative abundance,
let alone estimates of standing stocks. Even if studies could be conducted,
it is unlikely that reliable estimates of absolute densities would be pro-
duced, considering the state of the art (McHugh 1967). A descriptive char-
acterization of the fishes in this basin would require a long-term (minimum
3 years) monthly sampling program employing several gears in representative
habitats.

Economic importance entries are intended to give the reader a general
impression of the relative significance of the species, with a view toward
the possible desire to establish priorities in planning.

78

Q
X

<

u

pq

^"N

>-.

1-1

1-1

>N

cd

-V^

i

-1

•H

e

u

N-^

Oj

c

-a

o

<1)

•H

ij

4J

id

o

R

3

•H

■o

u

o

CO

1-1

DJ

(U

01

4-1

OS IJ

a -^

OCM

■h a

•u -M

o -».

3 4J

T3 E

O *-'

)-i
Du

CM

cd

o>
>-i
<

a*?

cd
a)
u

<

CM

6

oocMoor-imo<rO

in n o cm in
on on <r -a- m

OV N vfl >T 1^

H O O O O
<f •* H M

>H cm m m

r^O^TmOONOON^OCM

r-^ r^. en r-~ rH en m en
m h en <■ .H i— i

o

o

CM

a

o

m

m

<r

NO

o

o

m

oo

00

^

rM

#i

A

M

M

*

no

O

ON

ON

i-H

CM

en

CM

ON
ON

CM

m no r— i — r~ n ci sj ro en oo oo

OOOOOOOOOOO O OO

OOr^NOcncnOvOO O O O

mONCMr^oocMOeno O m on

N N N N N H H i— I t— I

-a-

o

oo

00

cMOr-tr^r— ivo io n inm

i —

<r en

1 mcMoooNoooo<rOro

CM i—l i—l r-t

CM

<t O

vOONOOrHOOCMCMCMr-CM^r i-H r— rH

OONOr-^r^cN.-3-Oi— l OH i—l i— l O

On r-~

SO

n

p^

m

CM

--r

r^

^c

m

NO

DC

ON

O

rH

On r~

CM

o

ON

O

nO

nO

in

ON

m

m

rH

ON

rH

i-l

m on

m

vO

|-»

H

ON

<r

CM

ro

NO

o

en

i-l

ON

en

m oo

H

<n

<r

•O

r>

en

CM

CM

en

O

m

lH r-H

-^

H

ON

r~

i-i

0)
CJ

1—1

4-1

I-l

cd

(x,

0)

m

0)

r*

oo

ON

•

0

^— '

.—4

CN

vO

•

•

NO

•

-3-

>cf

r-

rH

ON

ed

4J

4-1

i— I

l-i

U

4-1

cd

cd

u

CD

P-,

PM

td

H

>.

0J

QJ

^s

cd

01

at

oo

Q

oo

oo

m

iXI

r^

00

a

cd

-^

M-4

4-1

rH

J3

V4

3
CJ

I-l

n

QJ

01

I-i

,£

0)

14-1

4J

cd

JS

2

'•s.

4J
O

l-i

0

—

3

X

u

4-1

N»^

^3

to

3

U

ai

cd

4-1

X

CJ

r;

J3

u

X

-

CO

0)

0)

1-1

01

sz.

^

a

Cfl

0)

M

t3

I-l

co

01

ft

en

•H

S-4

13

1-4

O

i-H

3

01

)-i

O

i-i

j=

13

cd

01

o

6v

Oi

4J

23

o

cd

to

a>

s

13

ta

•H

^H

0J

■C

TJ

%

•H

E

C

"3

Pm

3

U

en

C

^

'-4

x:

3

a

3

43

01

a

3

c

J

l-i

cd

u

U

<u

CO

0

E

cd

'J

M

01

•H

4-1

03

<;

to

cd

—

—

cd

4-1

01

p.

id

H

cd

■3

a

l-i

CO

X*

H

tn

01

c

cfl

u

a

I-l

s

3

a.

a)

•H

•H

60

cd

u

o

<u

z

—

00

ca

M

In

hH

'-0

a

pq

QS

Kj

<

SU

o

H

—

0)

01

NO

i-i

u

l>.

n

o

ON

J3

x:

1— 1

CO

CO

u

u

r-N

cd

cd

cd

0)

0)

o

Z

2

T3

M

60

TJ

c

c

C

0)

cd

•H

•H

4J

Tl

T3

cd

M

3

3

a

0)

rH

rH

•H

s

O

CJ

4-1

c

c

X

CO

o

•H

QJ

QJ

o

— 4

CM

m

J-

79

CO
CO

FQ

3
CO

4-J

c

0)

E

0)

c

■H

o

u

3

XI

o

M

ft

>,

u
cfl
E
■h

M

ft

ai

-a

3
u

CO
c_>

in
CO

XI
C

CU

a.

a

Q

PQ

^

^

)-i

!j

>!

CO

B

4-1

•H

F

>-J

N— '

ft

a

•a

o

ii

•H

^j

-J

cd

Cj

•H

—

i-i

n

m

>-i

U4

p,

CU

u

CO >*-•

c —

OCN

•h e

o ~»~

3 4J

-n E
o ^
u
ft

CN

CO
(U
l-i

<

^5

id

CU

u

<

#

r~~ ON O O O

co O O

m

u-i

r^

in

o

-O

o

O

o

o

iH

ao

so

■30

r-.

CN

-3-

ON

CN

H

r^

ON

uO

ON

co

-J"

vO

*

«

*

M

M

a

n

«

vO

ON

r^

cs

r^

NO

LTl

r^

LO

ro

S3

CN

CN

CNI

<f

O

iH

xi

ON

i—l

LTl

CN

rH O

oo

oo

r--.

r^

<n

co

n

M

r^

r^

NO

NO

CN

CN

m no i — i — i — r^ oo <r oo co oo co

ooooooooooo o oo

OOo^nOoocoOnOO O O O

mONCNr^COCNOcOO O in ON

N CM CM N N H H i— I i-t

CN

CN

ON

ON

m

u-i

CO

N vO W CO -Cf

i onoocnitic-io.— iOno

cn CO CN

CN CO

rH O

CO

N vO ON CO >Cf

I ONOOCNinoOOr- t O nO
cn co cn

NO

CN 00

— I o

ON

o <r o o

'ON

co

on

o

CN

<r

NO

ON

in

<f

-*

rH

co

ON

~D

ON

o

nO

X)

ON

NO

NO

lO

in

CI

NO

r~

O vO

oo

o

in

o

o

in

cn

ON

rH

CN

CN

nO

co

rH

00

CO

r^

<r

H

CU

u

CN

NO

CN

NO

CM

u

CU

■u

kh co

.c

CO

o

c

oj x:
a. en

XI

cn

V4

co cn

C
CO
4=

U

CU

rC

_j cn

•H l-i xl H O

HO Hj3t3 CO CU Oft

JZ XI S -H

cn c

h co

CO r- I i— I CO

CU C cfl (j

2 H W «

m cn cu s xi ft

E

.si u x:

u m to

4-1 <u

c n

cn cu cu

cu U xi vj

rH 3

a) j-i

•H rH

C XI ft 3

3 ft C J3. CU o

O E CO O 00 CU -H

a « h mo u u
B 3 ft cu

cu
>j

3 C

4J tO

CO £)

H -H 00 CO l-i

** c ■» t— u iw -f-i *t— i mj ij i^

lb h to 3 o cc: cd<ftO

3

O

CU

S-i

o

j=

CO

S-l

CO

CU

z

-J

<

CO

H

cn

O

cu

H

►J

M

CO

ft

cu

CO

CU

r-»

to

(T>

•

•

>w^

i— <

CN|

vO

•

•

NO

•

-tf

<r

r~-

iH

ON

CO

4-1

4-1

r— t

U

1-1

4-1

CO

CO

H

CU

ft

ft

CO

rH

^

CU

cu

^

cfl

a)

cu

CO

Q

to

to

in

UD

P>

00

a>

CU

vO

u

U

r^

o

o

ON

x:

^!

^-i

to

hi

t-i

M

>N

cd

CO

cO

CU

CU

Q

z

z

XI

00

00

XI

C

c

C

<u

CO

•H

>H

4-1

XI

XI

CO

V-i

3

3

B

cu

iH

rH

•H

C

O

O

4-1

c

C

X

CO

o

•H

CU

CU

CJ

rf CM

80

Q

U

CQ

u >,
cO ^
£ "

■h s

ex
c

-a o

CD -H
HI u
ccj cj

o
ft

DO

<u

(J

CO /" >

c ^

OCN

3J

o --.

3 hi
T3 E
O v—
M

CM

CO

<u
w
<c

CO

OJ

h:

<

CN

e

O O CN CN CN

O cn r-. r~» r~.

O

O

o

o

o

o

UN

<^

Q

r^

r-

Oi <3- r-» cn o

00

00

vO

in

CN|

in

cni r-~ <f in vO

^o

o

o

r~-

CNI

CJ\

* n * n r*

#1

•I

ft

«

r.

•»

CD O CN CNI r-»

vO

r~.

O

<r

a\

m

o m n cm»i

r^

vO

rH

cs

00

00

UN H CO N

o>

co

00

vO v£3

invor^r»r^r~-.co<-co c-o oo oo

ooooooooooo o oo

oON^onnoioo o o o

!TlO\CM|NCONOmO o in ON,

N CN CM N M H H r-l rH

CNI O
CNI Ol
CNI ON

O CNI O vO

i vOvomooOi— ioOi— i r^
rH in

ON ~3"
CNI o

m on o co cm

co <r

r-icNic-ir^o-omoooci
m cn

CO

d

<r cm

r4 O

00 CO vO <N -I

m co co cn oo

* \£) CO N H

o m m -j- co

O rH

-3-
CO

O 00 o o
00

^a-

00

rH

rH

— 1

r-~

ON

<r

o

r~

UN

o

nJ-

00

UN

r^

vO

1^

<r

<r

r-~

rH

^O

<D
u

CM

m

ON

rH

o>

u
a)

3
O

OJ

w
o

cn
s-i
co

OJ
2

CO

)-l

C

ex cn
o «
cfl
2

~

aj a

rH CO

CO l-l

co «

H

cn
h

cfl

—
CD

c
3
O

c~

E

0)

0

Ch

01

>H

o

•a

a. c
E co
co

CD

•H'

•H
H

C
CO

CD

(D
M

3

J= OJ

O M 1) 'ri U

co -a o !-j co

3 a, cd -h -hi oo co

oi d pa si p; < &

c

CO
XI
M

■3

H
O
H

3
O

OJ

u
o
,c

CD

H

CO
CD
Z

CO
Cfl

CD

rJ

+J

M

rt

Cm

CD

m

(1)

r^

CO

ON

•

•

^*

t— 1

CM

vO

a

•

vO

•

-tf

«*

r^

iH

ON

CO

4J

4-1

i— i

M

u

4J

CO

CO

H

t-H

OJ

PVi

Pu

>N

CD

0)

^i

CO

CD

CD

CO

Q

co

CO

in

o>

r^

CO

CD

01

vO

U

H

r>.

O

o

ON

X

£.

■—I

co

t/i

u

H

>N

CO

cd

CO

CD

CD

Q

Z

2

T3

00

60

T3

C

c

C

CD

cO

•H

•H

HI

■a

t)

cfl

M

3

3

E

CD

r-1

r-l

•H

c

O

O

HI

C

C

y.

CO

O

•H

OJ

OJ

U

— t

CM

CO

-J-

81

co
CO
pq

3
0)
•H
CO
Cfl

o

H

co

c
o

3
T3
O
M
P,

>^
V-I

cd

■H
U

a.

OJ

c

OJ

3
U

tfl
U

ci

T3
C
O
D.
Du

<

>n Vj

M >>

CO -^

e 4J

•h B

M ^

Q

D.

X

c

<

T3 O

OJ -H

-J 4-1

cfl U

S 3

•H T3

4-> O

CO u

Ed O-

CJ

cO ^" n

v-1 V-I
£l
c —
OCN

■^ s.

■u 2

cj "-».

3 4J

TJ S

O >-*

csi

cfl
CD
M

<

cd

QJ
<
6-«

CNI

e

OOmONOOOOOO

in>JHCOON\00<J
rHOONOmcNCNCN
CNNOvOr^.\OONOr^

o o o o o o

O O CN CI

ci r-~ O Is*

HCOOOvOlsHinCi-J
O NO -3" CN r-~ Cl ON i— I

CN CI MTI H H

ON
O

CI

m

mNOr--r^r-»r--.ci<l-ci ci oo ,-ao

ooooooooooo o oo o

OOi^nOCiciOnOO O O inO

mONCNr~-OOCMOClO O U~> CNON

N N CM N CM H H H l-H

cxeu

AS

c

3

civo-^r-i-jcMinr-ivo-j <r <rr~~

IOrHONin>3-r~.OrHOoO m <f rH
CI rH rH

o>cocMOvo<r\o-jcouiin >-( <rci

CMCOHlOHninOOOiO <T ClrH
CN CN rH rH

c

CO

JZ

4-1

ON ON

CO

CI

ON

CO

CN

o

#i

m

o

ON

m

<T

m

CI

cn m
m ci

Cl

NO

in

m

sr

rH

nO
rH

m

O

o

CO

NO

o

CN

00

o

ON

o

~3"

— i

CN

cn

nO
<N

o

CN

ON

m

a--

r-

H

X

Cl
rH

CN

r""N

cu
u
.-i

ON

m

CN
CN

NO

in

Cl

m

Cl

rH

rH

.G

iH

3
O

Vj

tn

OJ

QJ

V-i

rC

14-1

4-1
Cfl

£

2

J2
CO

4J
O

01

Vj
O

x:

CO

rJ
Cfl
QJ

23

rH

3

'VI

1-1

4-1

*—s

3

Ij

0)

rt

4J

n

4J

O

c

s

4-1

£

Cfl

CU

CD

CO

0)

JZ

cfl

9]

0)

M

T)

rJ

U

<D

a

CO

■H

U

-a

M

o

rH

3

■H

Sj

o

M

.c

"5

£

oj

0

b

0)

4-1

X>

O

eg

tn

9J

•d

u.

•H

rH

01

to

JZ

TO

S

■H

§

c

T3

En

3

M

X

CO

e

^

u

£

3

a,

G

J3

CU

o

3

c

^

Sj

CO

4-1

o

0J

co

o

E

CO

a

M

0)

■H

4J

cfl

CO

CO

■H

—J

CO

4-1

QJ

a,

"3

H

Cfl

73

o

)-l

Cfl

43

H

en

III

C

CO

M

c

M

e

3

G.

HI

•H

•H

00

Cfl

M

o

CU

2

M

w

cq

H

Uh

rH

VI

a

S3

C£

K

<

a^

O

H

rJ

u

cfl

(U

QJ

Cl

01

r^.

to

ON

•

•

^^^

rH

CN

v£>

•

•

NO

•

-*

-J-

r^»

rH

ON

Cfl

4-1

4-1

rH

V-I

V-I

4-1

Cfl

cfl

V-i

OJ

Ph

Ph

CO

rH

r»N

OJ

01

^

Cfl

OJ

01

to

Q

CO

C/2

n

to

r--

CO

0)

ot

NO

V-i

H

r^.

o

o

ON

rC

,C

H

Cfl

(0

u

V-i

>*

cfl

n)

Cfl

01

QJ

Q

z

z

T3

on

60

T3

c

d

c

01

cfl

•H

•H

4J

T»

T3

Cfl

U

3

3

1

0)

rH

rH

c

a

O

4-1

fl

Ci

X

Cfl

o

•H

0)

CU

u

CM

m

J-

82

a
x
<

M

' — -

>N

U

1-1

>.

(It

^^

B

u

•H

H

M

* — '

a

a

T3

0

a>

•H

jj

«J

cfl

a

S

3

•H

■a

4J

0

co

i-i

M

--,

CO
4J

Cd /-— s

c ^~

O CM

■h e

■u 5

o --.

3 JJ

T3 e

o ^
M
ft

cd
<

5^

<

^

00000-~3-cOO<"0 O O O

u-ii^r»>^30r-40^0000 in r^O

OO^jOOOcmcmcocm on in cm

,-H in <r ■— I co no vf O t— I co CM -J-

NMOvo-jnNuico on m in

■^ -J H O 00 * (» i— I i — 1 O-l

on

ON

•

•

m

o

rH

NO

in

<•

M

M

r-~

O

-3"

CM

r-l

r^

mvor~-i — i — r» co -tf co co co ^-«ao
OOOOOOOOOOO OO OO

ooi^nococoOnoo o omo
moNcMr^oocMOcoo o m cm on

N N IN N CN H H r-t i— (

ft a.
a a

■H -H

c

3

NvONMcoHfOcorNvo m mm

*HC100\-JtINOiO CO CO NO

ON

^o

CO

o

CM

NO

^vOMNOvOOONvOH I — lA H

cNCNi-*or~.i^rHi— t cm O m cm om

CM r-l iH -H rH

r-l
r-l

r-i

o

H

00
00

r-l

CO

—4

On
ON

m

CM

CM

ON

rH

CO

00

00

ON

i —

CM

CM

vO

00

ON

CM

00
CM

CM

H

00

H

CM

CO
ON

.-1

iH

O

01
O

cn
ON

o

ON

H

ON

m

r-l
ON

CO

CM

c
cd

X.

•U

U

CO

OJ

O

ai

l-i

J3

-j

|

42

4-1

OJ

H-l

rd

J3

CO

O

1-1

r-H

3

CO

1-1

<-i

"^-^

0

3

M

cu

ctj

U

en

r-

O

a

5

<j

J3

s

CO

CD

d)

CO

0)

J=

CO

co

0)

rl

T3

V4

1-1

0)

ft

en

•H

M

id

(-1

0

>H

3

cd

l-i

o

J-i

J=

■o

rj

OJ

o

ft

CD

U

0)

o

j5

CO

ai

g

-a

ft

•H

i-H

<u

^;

r;

T3

^H

■H

e

FJ

T3

P^

3

l-l

CO

a

.*!

M

-C

3

ft

C

x:

01

u

3

c

►J

U

cd

4-1

a

ai

CO

O

a

HI

u

01)

0)

•H

u

cd

<

CO

cd

—i

H

n)

U

CU

ft

Cd

-H

a

~a

o

U

rn

J2

H

CO

a)

cs

cd

l-i

c

M

a

3

ft

cu

■H

•H

to

cd

M

O

11

3

M

rx

30

M

ft

M

W

3

CO

pei

Pi

<C

a,

3

H

J

M

cd

P>4

111

m

01

r>-

en

ON

•

•

Vw>

■— <

CN

vO

•

•

vO

•

-a-

<r

r-^

T-i

ON

cd

4-1

4-1

r— 1

u

u

4-1

cd

cd

U

CU

ft

ft

cd

iH

Sn

cu

cu

^!

cd

OJ

<u

CO

Q

en

CO

IT)

U3

r-~

co

<U

a)

vO

M

M

l>»

n

o

ON

J2

j=-

^H

CO

01

t-l

M

?►>

cd

cd

cd

cu

OJ

Q

53

S3

T3

on

oo

•o

C

c

C

01

cd

•r)

•rl

4J

TJ

*o

cd

u

3

O

a

0)

i-H

tH

•H

c

CI

a

4J

c

r;

X

CO

o

•H

01

0)

O

r— i

CM

CO

J-

83

cn
co
pa

>>

03

ca

w
co
w

c

■H

C

o

o

3

XI
O

U

co

B

•H

a

c

x)
CU

3

u

CO
U

cn

•

X

•H
XI

c
cu
ex
a.
<

aa

<*-N

>> tc

M >>

CO -^

s 4J

•h e

)j -^

a

c

XI O

a) i-t

4-1 4J

03 u

B 3

•H T3

4J O

03 tJ

w aj

4J

CCJ •-v

- u

c •»

OCN

CJ ~>.
3 4J

-a s
o ^

H

n3 cn

i->

-,

O

u

H

(J

<

e^

cO

_

4J

CtJ

0

OJ

H

(-1

<

f<

CN1

e

O O v£3 CN <T> 00 O o
Or^cNcnOi/IOOOO

fl h. vo * -j oo vo <r

M3M3MS COO-* vO

(N O0 CO n n O N CN

Ifl n vO N S l/l ON

i— I CN CM H

o

O

*43 O

r-4

i— t

0O

as

00

o

r^

O

<r

oo

o

CN

n

M

A

n

M

o

x>

o

m

CN

r~~

LPl

<r

r^.

CN

H

CN

i— 1

u-i^Or^.r^r^-1 — cn -3- cn ro oo .-^co
OOOOOOOOOOO OO OO
OOr^vOcnmo^OO O Ou-iO
Lr><y\CNr»OOCNOrOO O lACN ON
CN CN CN CN CN f— I H H H

0. a.

B B

■H -H
C

3

CTN ON

en r~-
r-i cn

vO n oi vO co r~-

cNcnor-.cNinoOi— i oo

CO iH

vO CN CN

-CT 0\ CO

cn r~ r-~ -<r m o rt

r~»cncNr~.LncN<roOrH^o

CN CN

cn

o cn

•J- CN

vo m oo r~ cn vo m

•j m n in <r -t cn

vr vo cn

vO u-i O

mmocNr-icN^o icncnO r-. \o i/i

O * rl CO H3 N <f I ^Hr-~ m i/ICN

cn cn ,~,,_|

ai
o

■H

M

C
cfl
45

CN

o

CO

0>

cn

i-H
CO

X

u

3

M

cn

(U

O

OJ

M

.=

14-1

«J

—

s

43
in

o

OJ

i_i

rH

*.-

x

ij

4-1

•^^

o

03

3

u,

03

_3

4-1

n

a

c

5

4J

~

S

CO

(U

CU

1)

43

CO

•J)

at

M

T3

M

0)

a.

X

■H

u

T3

m

O

iH

3

CO
2

u

a

i-i

£

XI

£

0)

0

u.

CU

(J

o

Sj

n

0)

■a

h

■H

H

<U

43

XJ

S

■H

§

C

X)

l~

3

M

CO

c

Jd

u

43

3

D.

K

jr

a)

U

3

C

J

l><

eg

4-1

u

QJ

oo

O

B

CO

CJ

an

CU

•H

LJ

CO

a

CO

C3

^H

H

id

4J

CU

a

CO

H

CO

XI

u

(-1

'J)

J3

H

C/3

"J

c

a

u

C

u

G

3

a.

CU

•H

•H

SB

id

1-1

o

CU

V".

H

w

aa

H

£

H

C/J

=)

33

Ctf

qs

<

3-

3

H

►J

M

CO

P-<

CU

cn

<U

r-

Crt

ON

**s

^H

CN

vO

\o

<•

<r

r^

•

cn

^H

4J

u

H

CO

M

u

CO

CO

4J

cu

(U

u

CU

CO

3

>>

03

0)

CO

cu

CU

C/3

Q

c/>

c/3

vD

00

CU

CU

r--.

u

M

o\

o

O

H

43

43

CA

CO

U

M

>1

cO

CO

CO

CU

(U

Q

z

•z

T3

00

60

X!

C

c

c

CU

01

•H

•H

4J

X)

T3

CO

Sj

3

3

B

OJ

r-4

—I

•H

a

o

o

u

a

c

><!

cn

o

•H

CU

cu

a

4

:m

cn

•3-

84

u

o

iw

4-1

ca

4J

•H

,0

rt

,fl

>>

£-

!>»

[/)

>,

CO

13

C

#

Rtr

e

G

^ — *

•-H

en

CD

cfl

CO

,a

3

c

toU

•H

C

cfl

•H

-1

4-J

CM

s

3

S-i

.c

<u

•iH

H

n

ca

cu

■H

ji

4-1

U

c

0)

42

4-1

CJ

o

m

Pm

cu

T3
C

CD

ex

ex

■4 O

O

"> o

D U">
>J O

cm

£

ft

o»

-* O"*
CM

m

•O

H

— '

o»

o

o

tj\ cm co u-i

/l CN Ol

m o ^h

■j cm

**

m

O

IT*

—

<T

1 OA

r*.

on

»n

r*.

CM

(Tl

CJ»

i*i

O

-• o

o

ao

en

u-1

-3-

tn

«tf

—

M3

T3

3

C

C
O

o

-* o oo -■

O <D -T

O -» O O

5 3

« 2

85

0 en

-D

■a

*o

at

«T

cm

T en

t %o

en

(A

ot

CO

m

m

OV

\0

X)

m
m

X)

■4 r-

cm

*n

CO

CM

33

tn

<o o* c-i ao

fl N fl

X)

-a>

3
C

•H
4J

c
o
u

-a
c

01
(X

a.

~4

en

IT-

•"*

X)

en

-*■

m

CM

en

CO

tn

•*

*T

tn

o
£

at

g

-

O

CM

ao

H

-*

CM

to

CM CM Cn

T3

ai

C

o
o

at

>*■

ao

X)

n

CM

■^

tn

to.

_i

^

m

r^.

r*.

tn

O

CM

a

CM

j-i

at

at

m

n

tO

H

*T

o

CM

o

CM

•j m

O

m

at

«T

00

~4

rt sr

CM

ao

*n

at

CM

CM

at

CM

«o*

— LJ

1 «

i 3

E x 5 ~

86

33

cm

BG

r*

•-■

CM

CD

a

33

0>

—l

■j3

■33

o

o

cm

CM

o

-3-

O

43

en

CO

j-1

43

CM

lit

9
CM
CM

en

m

CO

33

D

en

43
CM

as

^

^4

en

C!

m

u-i

43

CM -^ tA CM CM

\0 -H vO

oa — * as

0)

3
<H
O

c
o
u

4 o

□0

U"\

33

f»l

0 CM

0 O

o

en

CO

o
■J-

XI

a

m

u->

•— 1

o

J CO

CM

*0

CO

a\

■43

H

F\ U"l
H CO

43
GJ1

M?

33

CM

m

ON

o

a*
a»
o

"*

MS

m

^H

H

CM

X
■H

13

C
QJ

a.
ex

H CO

r*»

CO

CM

43

» CM
-1 ON

CO

en
en

o%

CO

en

m

<r
en

en

-

a

a*

r-i
CM

- 43

1— t

-*

f*

M3

U"\

r-

"1 CO

33

\0

a*

•O

en

m

■p

\0

***

■43

o

NO

3D

o

'-'

«-<

■-*

■43

u u

(3 L.

3

U C >-

71 U

87

Appendix 6.3(11). Ecological characteristics of important waterfowl

species in the Chenier Plain .

Additional life history morphological aspects of selected species of
waterfowl are presented here.

Size: Canada geese may weigh as much as 18 pounds, whereas green-wing
teal rarely exceed 1 pound.

Clutch size: The number of eggs in a brood may vary from 3 to 4 for
most geese, to 20 for some duck species. One or two broods may be hatched
annually, depending upon length of breeding season.

Sexual Maturity: Geese and some ducks are not sexually mature until
two or three years of age, whereas some duck species mature in less than a
year.

Incubation period and mortality of young: Incubation usually requires
from 3 to 5 weeks; mortality of young birds ranges from 40% in some ducks
down to about 10% for geese.

Nesting: Materials used in the construction of nests, location of nests,
and the amount of territory required to defend nests vary greatly.

Pair bond formation: Strongest in geese, which may mate for life. The
male takes a part in defending the nest. Pair bond formation is weak in the
redhead duck. Some ducks allow other species to raise their offspring.

Family bonds: Geese have strong family bonds and juvenile geese will
remain with their parents until they reach breeding age. In many duck
species, family bonds end after the young reach their fledgling stage, about
40 to 50 days.

Molt : Geese lack a prenuptial fall molt, whereas male ducks have a fall
molt. Postnuptial molt, at the time of fledging among the young, is common
to all species and sexes of waterfowl, and is a major reason for the lack of
post-fledgling parental bonds in ducks; parents simply cannot defend them-
selves and their offspring.

Morphology: Waterfowl exhibit greater variation in such measures as
bill shape leg placement and wing size than other closely related groups of
birds. This variation influences the high degree of habitat exploitation
and the low interspecies competition for the same foods. Some differences
were mentioned in preceeding sections. One important area of morphology is
related to flying ability. In general, diving ducks have less bulky wings
than dabbling ducks; diving ducks can move more easily under water, but they
require longer distances for take off.

88

Appendix 6.3(11) Continued

Although waterfowl are closely related taxonomically , they show great
interspecific diversity. Each difference between species is indicative of
an evolutionary attempt to guarantee resource availability. It is clear
that some species have been more successful than others in exploiting their
environment. It would be valuable to compare the components of behavior and
morphology in greater detail with population dynamics, to increase our abil-
ity to project trends in their population numbers.

Lesser snow goose {Chen caerulescens)

m

The lesser snow goose is the most abundant goose in the Chenier Plain
and has its wintering grounds heavily concentrated on the western Gulf coast
from the Mississippi River Delta to northern Mexico, although the primary
range extends only to Corpus Christi, Texas. It occurs in blue and white
color phases that reflect breeding populations in northern Canada; the color
phases were thought to be separate species prior to studies by Cooch (1961).
The blue phase is dominant in the eastern portion of the species range, and
the white phase is dominant in the western portions of both breeding and
wintering grounds. A color phase gradient extends across the Chenier Plain,
where the percentage of blues diminishes from 80% at Gueydan, 65% at Sabine
National Wildlife Refuge, 50% at the Louisiana-Texas border, to 20% at Ana-
huac National Wildlife Refuge (Schroer and Chabreck 1974) . These geese ar-
rive in the Chenier Plain with regularity during mid-October, and remain
until March or April (Louisiana Wildlife and Fisheries Commission 1962) .
Peak numbers in the Chenier Plain, as surveyed by the state wildlife agen-
cies, have varied from 300,000 to 600,000 with the greatest variation oc-
curring in Texas. Many geese that formerly used coastal marshes between
Galveston Bay and the Sabine River have migrated to the rice prairie region
southwest of Houston (Texas Parks and Wildlife Department 1975). Similar
changes have been noted in Louisiana, where geese are utilizing the rice
fields of southwestern Louisiana to a greater extent than they had previ-
ously (Louisiana Wildlife and Fisheries Commission 1961). Louisiana geese,
however, are generally counted in rice fields within or proximal to Louisi-
anan Chenier Plain boundaries, such that population fluctuation has not
been observed.

Geese are more social than other waterfowl. They tend to have stronger
family bonds, with pair bonds lasting years in some cases, and offspring
remaining with parents until they become sexually mature (Smithey et al.
1973).

All Chenier Plain geese exhibit similar food habits, so the following
discussion is intended to be relevant to other goose species. A number of
surveys have noted a preference for roots and tubers of marsh plants, a
predilection that causes large areas to be "eaten out" by flocks. As men-
tioned above, rice fields have become favored feeding grounds during the
past 20 to 30 years, especially in late winter after the close of hunting.
Rice stubble and unharvested or spilled grain (which accounts for 10% of
total planted grain) provides a supplementary food source. As browsers,
geese do not dabble for food to the degree that ducks do, and do not show
a great preference for flooded fields.

89

Appendix 6.3(11) Continued

White-fronted goose (Anser albifrons)

The white-fronted goose or speckle belly is a relatively common winter
resident, although average peak numbers are only about 10% of those for the
lesser snow goose. They are primarily a bird of the western flyways, a reflec-
tion of the westerly location of their breeding grounds in northwestern Canada
and Alaska. These birds migrate to Louisiana and Texas by way of the Mis-
sissippi and Central Flyways. The Louisiana Chenier Plain represents the
easternmost part of the winter range, and the population is concentrated in
the region of Lacassine National Wildlife Refuge, where they take advantage
of enhanced fresh marsh conditions as well as protection from hunters. How-
ever, white-fronted geese are prized by hunters, and large numbers are taken
each year (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 1975).

Canada goose (Branta oanadiensis)

The largest of North American geese, the Canada goose is not represent-
ed in large numbers in the Chenier Plain, but winters farther to the north,
east and west. Historically Canada geese were more numerous than at present
in Louisiana, with populations of 30,000 to 50,000 individuals in the 1930's
and 1,000 to 5,000 birds within the last decade (Yancey 1960). The primary
cause for this decline is the management practices in the northern Mississippi
River Valley, where birds "short stop" to take advantage of habitat provided
by State and Federal wildlife refuges (Hawkins 1964). The most extreme ex-
ample of shortstopping occurs at Horicon National Wildlife Refuge, Wisconsin
where in 30 years the wintering population has grown from a negligible number
to around 200,000.

Canada geese wintering in the Chenier Plain are members of a popula-
tion which breed in the eastern prairie section of Canada, which includes
Ontario and Manitoba (Chabreck et al. 1974). They migrate through the
Dakotas, Iowa and thence down the Mississippi Valley. Many geese which
formerly made the trip to the Chenier Plain now stop in Missouri. In an
effort to reverse this trend, wildlife biologists at Rockefeller Wildlife
Refuge have successfully induced Canada geese to breed locally. From the
initiation of the project in 1960, the flock had grown to over 1,000 in
1969 (Chabreck 1970).

In regions of Texas outside the Chenier Plain, most notably the rice
prairies of central coastal Texas, the Canada geese are numerous, second
only to the lesser snow geese (Texas Parks and Wildlife Department 1976).

Mallard {Anas plati/rhynohos)

The mallard is and has been the most important game bird among all
Louisiana waterfowl. Although other species have been present in greater
numbers in recent years, mallards are still the largest contributor to the
total waterfowl harvest. Reasons for the mallard's popularity among hunters
are its large size, its plant diet, and its unequaled adaptability to a vari-
ety of habitats which makes it highly accessible to hunters.

Mallards breed in the northern Great Plains of Manitoba, Saskatchewan
and the Dakotas, a region without parallel in magnitude of waterfowl pro-

90

Appendix 6.3(11) Continued

duction; this region is commonly referred to as the "pothole country". This
region contains glacially-derived potholes, ponds and marsh regions with
abundant food supplies and protected habitat. Mallards outnumber other spe-
cies indigenous to the region (Hawkins 1964) . The Lower Mississippi River
Valley and the coastal marshes and prairies of Louisiana constitute primary
wintering grounds (Hawkins 1964). Mallards are present in large numbers in
the Chenier Plain from late September until March.

The mallard is a dabbler, whose diet consists almost exclusively of
plant materials. Glasgow and Junca (1962) found 98% plant material in 226
mallard crops. However, the diversity of types and parts of plants utilized
shows great adaptability by the species to prevailing food supplies. Mal-
lards were among the first ducks to make use of domestic rice as a diet
staple. Like geese, they browse roots of marsh plants, and are well suited
to dabble for aquatic species, such as widgeongrass. Mallards appear to
prefer freshwater marsh vegetation and spend most of the winter in fresh
marshes adjacent to rice fields (Louisiana Wildlife and Fisheries Commission
1961).

Mallards generally constitute around 20% of the total duck harvest in
Louisiana. For the parishes and counties of Calcasieu, Cameron, Vermilion,
Chambers, Jefferson and Orange, the figure is slightly lower (14.8%) be-
cause of the great diversity of duck species available to hunters in the
Chenier Plain. The point system has also reduced the harvest of mallards.
A high point value has been placed on mallards, because of a decline in over-
wintering numbers related to adverse conditions in their breeding grounds
(Louisiana Wildlife and Fisheries Commission 1961) .

Mottled duck (Anas fulvigula)

This mallard-like duck is the only year-long resident dabbler on the
western Gulf coast and the only abundant breeder in the Chenier Plain
marshes. Like the mallard, it is a favored game bird, although its contri-
bution to the harvest numbers is proportionately less.

Mottled ducks are generally nonmigratory, and numbers remain constant
throughout the year, with the exception of a small percentage that irregu-
larly migrates to Texas and Mexico (Lowery 1974a) . This movement occurs in
response to periodic adverse climatic conditions. The northern limit of the
mottled duck's range is normally no farther than the coastal rice prairies
of the Chenier Plain (Lowery 1974a). Average peak population in the Chenier
Plain in spring and summer months numbers about 50,000 birds.

Food habit studies have produced varying estimates of the relative
amounts of plant and animal materials eaten by mottled ducks. In an early
study, Bent (1923) found that mollusks, crustaceans and insects accounted
for 40% of the diet, while Smith (1973) found only 7.0% of their gizzard
contents to be of animal origin. Some of this difference may be explained
by the consumption of domestic rice by mottled ducks during the past 50
years .

Nesting takes place in intermediate and brackish marshes, near open
water bodies, and in grass stands, where the nest is hidden from view of

91

Appendix 6.3(11) Continued

predators (Bent 1923). Mottled ducks in general appear to be more tolerant
of salinity than mallards and are therefore, able to utilize a wide range
of marsh resources.

Gadwall (Anas strepeva)

According to Bateman's aerial waterfowl surveys, the gadwall is the
most populous duck species in the Chenier Plain, represented by an average
of over 600,000 birds at peak times.

Gadwall breeding grounds are further west than those of the mallard, in
the western Great Plains and the lakes of the western mountains (Johnsgard
1975). They are not exclusively birds of the Mississippi Flyway, and may
travel by way of the West Coast to Mexico, or down the Central Flyway to
Texas and Mexico. Those traveling down the Mississippi Flyway winter in
Louisiana (Hawkins 1964). Gadwalls arrive in the Chenier Plain around mid-
October, reach peak numbers within one month and remain relatively late,
into April and May (Lowery 1974a).

Gadwalls do not usually eat rice tailings. Instead they remain in fresh
marshes and feed upon submerged aquatic plants such as widgeongrass and pond
weed. They also eat seeds of marsh grasses. Smith (1973) found their diet
to consist of 35% Elodea densa, 33% spikerush, 22% algae and 10% assorted
aquatics.

Gadwalls comprise about 9% of the average annual harvest in the six
county/parish area of Calcasieu, Cameron, Vermilion, Chambers, Jefferson
and Orange, while accounting for almost 16% of the Chenier Plain wintering
duck population. Reasons for underhunting appear to be twofold. The gad-
wall is not considered a table bird of the same caliber as the mallard by
many hunters, and its range on its wintering grounds is not as wide as
those of other species.

American wigeon (Anas americana)

Also known as the baldpate. This bird occurs in large numbers in the
Chenier Plain. It has a large breeding range that roughly coincides with
that of both the mallard and gadwall. The range extends northwest to the
Bering Sea in Alaska (Kortright 1967). Wigeons arrive in the Chenier Plain
in early October and remain until May. Average peak numbers are around
380,000 (10% of the Chenier Plain wintering waterfowl population).

Food habits of wigeons are similar to those of the gadwall (Kortright
1967 and Smith 1973); it dabbles for aquatic plants and algae, and eats
sedge and grass seeds. It also eats wild celery and other submerged aquatic
plants that are brought to the surface by diving ducks. This is an interest-
ing specialization in food-gathering. In addition, gizzards may contain up
to 10% animal food that may be a result of bottom-feeding. Wigeons prefer
habitats similar to those of gadwalls, and like gadwalls are not common rice
browsers .

92

Appendix 6.3(11) Continued

The wigeon harvest approaches 6% of the Chenier Plain total duck kill.
They are preferred by hunters because of their flesh (Yancey 1959) .

Green-winged teal {Anas avecca)

The green-winged teal is the second most numerous species on the Che-
nier Plain, comprising 15.8% of all waterfowl. They are the smallest spe-
cies of waterfowl in Chenier Plain, and along with mallards, the most wide-
ly hunted. The green-winged teal is distributed from Alaska to Newfound-
land during the breeding season. The species winters along both coasts of
the U.S. and Mexico. They are common winter residents in the Chenier Plain
between early October and late March; peak densities occur in December and
January. Dabbling is limited to shallow water because of their small size.
They feed on a wide variety of plants. Kortright (1967) reported the diet
of the green-wing to include 39% sedges, 12% pondweeds, 11% grasses and 9%
animal matter. Smith (1975), in a later survey, noted an increased amount
of rice, 13.7%. Indeed, Bateman's surveys showed a large number of these
birds in agricultural areas.

Green-winged teal are among the most adaptable of waterfowl. They con-
sume many plant species and occupy a wide range of habitats. Green-wings
cluster in flocks on sanctuaries to a greater extent than most ducks; rea-
sons for this phenomenon have not been examined. It would be interesting
to determine whether flocking is a response to an individual's relative
ability to defend itself, which might be lower in the case of this small
duck than for other larger species.

Blue-winged teal {Anas disaors)

The distribution of blue-winged teal is uniformly more southern than any
other major migratory species (Kortwright 1967). Their extreme response to
cold weather is demonstrated by their early August arrival in the Chenier
Plain (Lowery 1974a). During most years, blue-wings are transmigrants and
depart from the Chenier Plain after a month or so for permanent wintering
grounds as far south as Buenos Aires (Johnsgard 1975), a distance of 7,000
miles from their extreme northerly range. They return to the Chenier Plain
in February on their way back to northern breeding grounds. The Louisiana
Wildlife and Fisheries Commission has open a blue-winged teal season in
early October, shortly after numbers normally begin to decline. In certain
years blue-wings congregate in greater than average numbers on the Chenier
Plain. Following Hurricane Audrey in 1957, a wintering population of about
250,000 birds was observed (Chamberlain 1959). The blue-winged teal prob-
ably breeds more frequently in the Chenier Plain than other migratory spe-
cies.

Blue-wings alter their diets to utilize prevailing food supplies.
Both animal matter (Bennett 1938) and grains are consumed (Smith 1973).

Northern shoveler {Anas alypeata)

Shovelers are ducks with large, spatulate bills which have comblike
lamellae around their perimeter for straining water (Johnsgard 1975).
Shovelers are found in higher salinity marshes than most dabblers. They

93

Appendix 6.3(11) Continued

prefer shallow turbid waters in which to feed. Crustaceans often may con-
constitute up to 30 to 40% of the total diet, but shovelers largely prefer
aquatics such as Potamogeton , and the vegetative parts of Soirpus and other
rushes.

Shovelers are normally less numerous than other ducks in the Chenier
Plain and reach peak numbers of around 150,000 in mid-winter. They arrive
reasonably early in late September and migrate northward in late April.

Shovelers are not considered choice ducks by hunters because of their
gamey quality.

Northern pintail {Anas acuta)

Pintails are the second most numerous of North American waterfowl spe-
cies, following mallards. They breed from Mexico to Ellesmere Island, are
the most common duck in Alaska, and are abundant throughout Canada and the
northwestern and central United States. They winter throughout North Ameri-
ca from around 40° North latitude south to Colombia. In Texas they were
the most abundant winter duck during 19 74-75. Pintails arrive in mid-October
(Lowery 1974a) and leave early in the spring for breeding areas (Kortright
1967). The Louisiana Wildlife and Fisheries Commission reported in 1961 that
pintails arrive in Louisiana before the bulk of the wintering duck popula-
tion. It was the third most numerous duck in the Chenier Plain, accounting
for 12.2% of all waterfowl.

Pintails consume diverse foodstuffs. Their long necks enable them to
reach food in greater water depths than most dabblers, and they are fre-
quent divers. In general, their diet and the mallard's are the most varied
of all waterfowl, but pintails seem to prefer animal matter more than mal-
lards (Johnsgard 1975). Unlike mallards they seem to prefer water when
feeding on rice stubble, but they still are one of the most frequent con-
sumers of rice. They are more adapted to higher salinities than mallards,
and regularly feed in brackish areas.

Lesser scaup (Ay thy a affinis)

This is the most common diving duck found on the Louisiana coast. Al-
though aerial surveys fail to indicate such, some estimates of their winter-
ing populations exceed one million individuals (Louisiana Wildlife and Fish-
eries Commission 1961). Lesser scaup are frequently found on large open
water bodies. Huge "rafts" of these birds can be seen on marsh lakes and in
the Gulf. They occupy an interesting intermediate niche between more inland
divers and the sea ducks. They appear not to need the large open water ex-
panses used by the latter group year-round, but can tolerate seawater salini-
ties and can utilize resources available to both groups.

Lesser scaup consume large quantities of animal matter. Preferred
species include Eangia auneata, a clam which is abundant in water of low
salinity. In a comprehensive gut analysis, animal foods constituted a
clear majority of the lesser scaup's diet; percentages varied from 93.5%
for premigratory birds to 63.7% for birds on the wintering grounds.
Aquatic plants composed the remainder.

94

Appendix 6.3(11) Continued

Scaup are numerous on the Canadian prairies, and are found in western
Alaska. They arrive in the Chenier Plain in mid-October and depart in late
April. Their winter range resembles that of the blue-winged teal, but it is
not as southerly (Johnsgard 1975). Hunting pressure on scaup is not great,
both because of the relative inaccessibility of their habitat and because
they are considered to be a low quality table duck by Chenier Plain hunters.

Other Species

Because of their small contribution to the Chenier Plain waterfowl pop-
ulation, the following are considered in less detail than the previous spe-
cies.

Wood duck (Aix sponsa)

Wood ducks are perching ducks and are numerous in many regions of the
eastern United States, although no population figures are available for the
Chenier Plain. The species inhabits swamps and bottomland forests, where
it nests in trees. Wood ducks consume fruits, nuts, and green tree shoots
and dabble for seeds and vegetative parts of aquatic plants. The species
nests in the Chenier Plain.

Wood ducks are popular game birds and are highly accessible to hunters.
In the Louisiana portion of the Chenier Plain, they account for 1% of the
total duck harvest.

Ring-necked duck (Ay thy a collaris)

The second most numerous of Chenier Plain diving ducks, these birds are
common breeders in the Great Lakes region of the United States and across
midwestern Canada (Johnsgard 1975). About 20% of the North American popula-
tion winters on the Chenier Plain. The species is present in the Chenier
Plain from late October to early April, and feeds on submerged aquatics, bul-
rush seeds, and molluscs. The latter food composes about 25% of the diet.
Ring-necked ducks prefer freshwater conditions and eat more rice than other
diving ducks.

Hooded merganser (Lophodytes ouaullatus)

The hooded merganser is a common nester in the Chenier Plain, and like
the wood duck, nests in tree cavities.

Whereas Stewart (1962) reported that hooded mergansers evidently avoided
salt water, Bateman's surveys indicated they used brackish and salt marshes
more than any other duck. Food habits of the hooded merganser are described
in Appendix 6.3(13). The species is rarely hunted, because of the poor
palatability of their flesh.

Fulvous tree-duck (Dendroaygna biaolor)

The rarest of all Chenier Plain waterfowl, these ducks have the most
tropical range, rarely venturing north of the coastal rice prairies of Lou-
isiana. They migrate south along the Gulf coast to the Bay of Campeche, Mex-
ico in winter (Kortwright 1967). They differ morphologically from other

95

Appendix 6.3(11) Continued

ducks by their long necks and stout legs, and are actually closer in
phylogeny to geese than ducks.

Fulvous tree ducks appear to favor seeds and grains, such as Eohinoohloa
and rice, but are adept at both diving and dabbling (Johnsgard 1975).

Redhead (Ay thy a amevioana)

Although common in coastal marshes of south Texas and the Chandeleur
Islands off the Louisiana coast, the redhead duck is rare in the Chenier
Plain. This diving duck is commonly found along parts of the Gulf coast
between November and February. Evidence suggests the species is declining
in numbers (Louisiana Wildlife and Fisheries Commission 1961).

Canvasback (Ay thy a valisinevia)

The canvasback is the largest of diving ducks, and is popular with
hunters. The species is rare in the Chenier Plain, and populations are de-
clining (Louisiana Wildlife and Fisheries Commission 1961). The canvasback
feeds primarily of wild celery and other aquatic plants.

American coot (Fuliaa amevioana)

American coots are ducklike members of the rail family, and resemble
their relatives in most biological respects, although they are easily con-
fused with some diving ducks by the uninitiated bird watcher. Coots prefer
freshwater marshes where they feed on aquatic plants. They migrate from
their breeding grounds across northern North America in early September,
and are common in the Chenier Plain until late spring. Some have been known
to nest in the Chenier Plain. They winter in large numbers here, but are
not considered a desirable game bird. They are poor flyers and require long
distances to become airborne.

Methodology and Applications

Much of the quantitative analyses of waterfowl population dynamics
were adopted from the Louisiana periodic Waterfowl Inventory, an aerial sur-
vey conducted by Hugh A. Bateman, Jr. , waterfowl biologist with the Louisi-
ana Wildlife and Fisheries Commission. This survey is a continuation of
aerial surveys initiated by Richard K. Yancey in 1949. The present survey
is more statistically sound, from a sampling viewpoint, than previous
waterfowl counts in Louisiana.

Since September 1969, the survey has been conducted with a Cessna air-
craft, with observer and pilot, each counting birds on their respective
sides of the plane. The plane is flown at an altitude of approximately 200
ft. Birds on large open water bodies are not counted, since the aircraft
must fly at altitudes of 900 ft over these situations for safety reasons.

Transects follow longitudinal lines at 7.5' intervals with termini at
U.S. Highway 90 in the north, and the Gulf coast line in the south. From
Marsh Island east, the transect interval is increased to 15' of longitude,
because of the subsequently great increase in average transect length.

96

Appendix 6.3(11) Concluded

Transect width is one-quarter mile. These transects were originally es-
tablished by Chabreck et al. (1968b) for the purpose of mapping vegetation
types in the Louisiana coastal area. Eleven species of ducks and coots
were counted.

Weather permitting, flights are attempted on a monthly basis, although
there is a great deal of variability in both time between surveys and the
number of days required to complete a single survey. With few exceptions,
the interval between surveys was 9 to 46 days and the time required to com-
plete a survey ranged from 5 to 14 days. There were no flights from March
to July (with the exception of 1971 when surveys were flown all months ex-
cept July) . The primary application of the survey has been in setting
hunting regulations; therefore, census emphasis has been placed on migra-
tory species that constitute the bulk of Louisiana's waterfowl population.
Survey coverage is complete for all years between September and January,
and much of the graphical output uses only this interval.

97

Appendix 6.3(12). List of plants by habitat for Rockefeller Refuge

(Adams 1956) .

HABITAT
Plant Fresh Brackish Salt Beach Levee Chenier

Gulfcoast waterhemp X X

(Acnida alabamensis )

Alligatorweed X

(Alternanthera
philoxeroides )

Giant ragweed X X

(Ambrosia trif ida)

Slim aster XXX XX

(Aster subulatus)

Saline aster XX X

(A. tenuifolius )

Salt cedar X XXX

(Atriplex sp . )

Buckrush X X

(Baccharis halimifolia

Sea oxeye X XXX

(Borrichia f rutescens )

Spiny thistle X X

(Cardius sp . )

Hackberry X

(Celtls laevigata)

Sawgrass XXX

(Cladium jamaicense)

Dodder X X X

(Cuscuta sp. )

Umbrella sedge XXX X

(Cyperus f ilicinus )

Rattlebox X X

(Daubentonia drummondii)

Saltmarsh grass X X

(Distichlis spicata)

Wild millet X X

(Echinochloa walteri)

continued
98

Appendix 6.3(12). Continued

Fresh Brackish Salt Beach Levee Chenier

Yerta-de-tage

(Eclipta alba)

Water-hyacinth

(Eichhotnia crassipes )

Common spike rush

(Eleocharis palustris)

Dwarf spikerush
(E. parvula)

X

X

X

Seaside heliotrope
(Heliotropium
curassavicum)

Rose ma How

(Hibiscus lasiocarpus)

X

Spiderlily

(Hymenocallis
crassifolia)

Mar?h morningglory
(Ipomea sagittata)

Marsh morningglory
(_!.' s tolonifera)

Giant blue iris

(Iris giganticaerulea)

Swampweed

(Iva ciliata)

Bigleaf swampweed
(Iva f rutescens)

Black rush

(Juncus roemerianus)

False rosemallow

(Kos teletzkya virginica)

X

Duckweed

(Lemna minor)

X

Matrimonyvine

(Lvcium halimfolium)

Marsh loosestrife
(Lythrum lineare)

continued
99

Appendix 6.3(12). Concluded

Fresh Brackish Sale Beach Levee Chenier

Saltwort X X

(Salicornia bigelovii )

American 3-square X

(Scirpus americanus)

California bulrush X X

(S_. cali£ornicus)

Olney 3-square XXX

(S. olneyi)

Leafy 3-square X X

(S_. rob us t us)

Butterweed X X

(Senecio glabellus)

Tall' sesban X

(Sesbania exaltata)

Giant foxtail XX X

(Setaria magna)

Sawbriar X

( Smilax s p . )

Seaside- goldenrod X X XXX

(Solidago sempervirens )

Oystergrass X X XXX

(Spartina alternif lora)

Hogcane X X

(S_. cynosuroides )

Saltmarsh wiregrass X X

(S_. patens)

Broadleaf cattail x X

(Typha latif olia)

Louisiana vetch X

(Vicia ludoviciana)

Cowpea XX X

(Vigna repens)

Giant cutgrass X X

(Zizaniopsis millacea)

100

c

•rl

cd
H

PL!

u

0)
•H

ci
a)

O

cu

•H

•H

■3

a

CO

u

cd
S

OJ
T3

c

3
O

I

M

C o
o c

to

OJ
•H

o

OJ
(X

en

cd
n

CU
•M
U
0)
>

cu

>

•H

T3

OJ

3

•5

■U

g
CJ

0

o
la

u

3

■a

cfl
•u
C

OJ
CO

cu
u

ex
cu

Pi

CO

vO

•H

•a

c
cu
a

■H

c

a

«

V

a

M

~H

o

>1

X

101

■a

r*

c

<r

a

"

a

01

41

X

a

a

CO

oi

O

as

« T3
41 C

(0 —

^ u-i

4i

x a*

u j:

^ —

CO

0) (J

3

a a>

0* I-.

O

C K

— ' U

•rt

•H *

w (0

M

a

u

a

«"d

o

>

a w

•rl

^ M

to

*4-t (0

U <N

•H

fH

« •

01

• — <

°£

00

GO (S

CO

-C C

3

fl 00

M

E

I %

u u

■H X
X en

U *J

,■«,

h

Xi c

M <N

u

o> «

01 in

a

4J fH

£ IT.

u

k a

4J — »

01

O

> -

h

a

* h

H

U M

a of
01 u

Of CO

a

CO

3

C

s: 3

•^ o>

• 00

to *-*

w u

CO «J

■H

•* flj

(3d U

U-t *>

• h

0 00

>* tfl

iA .O

H

(0 i->

(A gj

'*« CJ

U BJ

w 4->

*H

u M

h

• «->

JM

J2 01

■g 3

M (0

(0 >

<-■ 3

■H C

■H CT

■X' E

M-t iH

wj (0

• c

O flJ

<r oo

H O

O u-i

s

.c c

en as

•H rH

*4-t O.

f>

C
(U

a.

c

0)

B

01

5

102

"a

•H
10 ■• u
■O .e 3
<u u

HOC

« m o

3

T3 3

■o c

C B

S3

« g

Ss

>>T3

J< T3

jt a)

C 0)

5 a

C X

•h a

•H tH

£. -H

£ -H

32

X 3

3-9

X o.

— a

•^ c

c

3

• 3

u

AJ •

a -

y T3

SJ ^

O H

w M

,-s CO

m u

■a ^

o

■h j:

x: en

s

a

•a

§
u

■a

3

T3
OJ

.5

r- 1

u

(0

1

H

e

(0

1

H

c

m

(fl

00

3
o

a c

18

T3

3
C
•H

C <N

to in

01 o-.

O -*

cu r~
co in

I

H

o u

(0 u

rH 4-t

.c

CO X'

1 QC

.- a,

o a>

^ 32

1- »

CO -H

r-e

IM

M

^o -o

T3

- 3

• B

•* C

(0

f* CO

y-^ <o

01 T3

r*-

s^e

CO 3

^ >>

a< >-.

.*

• j^

c

« CO

vO CO

CO *->

•H C

00 C

jG

32

*— ' *H

U 00

X

0) -H

X ca

x to

X M

1 3

10 3

u 3

3 3E

■H X.

O w

U w

^ s^

c
o
u

•H

01

3

•H

to

OJ

H

01

£

B

to

4J

(0

.H

a.

01

B

k-i

•rl

4J

to

c

3

CO

3

u

Ui

u

01

r-\

M

4-1

CO

3

oa
o

0

a

(0

u

3

M

CO

OJ

B

t-t
at

M

CO

*o

at

3

0)

rH

B

M

<5

o

<— 1

a

4

0

4J

•"•

ai

B)

U

a

00.

4J

■H

h

3

rH

u

3

to

o

(0

CJ

u

■L-l

<u

01

i

0

H

CH

0)

^

^H

u

™

4J

c

C

3

A]

c

a

M

u

H

•o

3

<a

4J

0)

01

•H

h

01

00

o

CO

to

CO

4J

■H

•H

3

0)

u

c

3

4-i

<V4

■-t-j

X

u

3

CO

B

■H

4J

■o

4J

(J

(4

Vi

4-1

h

M

X

■H

OJ

M

^

i-l

a

u

U

a

M

to

01

eO

a.

u

3

0

a

to

a

Of

y

B

u

CO

0

CO

^

O

OJ

T-t

•9

■H

B<

CO

■o

CO

4J

M

a.

a

3

4J

to

•r»

>M

B

JZ

41

•H

<—(

4J

u

B

U

E

0)

>,

X

O.

0

0

ID

J<

U

•a

a

to

to

tO

CO

CO

CO

M

l-t

S

CO

CO

CO

CD

T3

00

CO

o

s

^-t

0)

><

3

tO

X

CO

>

0)

>,

fl

0)

01

>■

CO

&

0)

>i

B

a

at

^H

u

VM

1

s

f

s

0>

x:

M

r

•H

c

B

O

X

>,

u

U <H

(0

a.

^

B

*a

01

4J

a>

1

u

u

a>

to

0)

0)

1

Sh

B

0)

oj u

o

o

«

OJ

X

CO

X

CO

3

CO

•o

o

iH

CO

4J

Xi

-o

§

■H

X

u c

■a

t-

0)

01

o

tH

>,

0

>i

a>

t-<

6

Q>

T

a

to

to

a

3

(9 CD

£

&

a

M

M

h

M

h

b

Efl

b

06

rH

CO

ce

en

^H

a

w

f-H

K VI

§

w

4-1

O

4J

QQ

4J

J3

6

2

h

o

X

8

CO

3
-J

to

V-

to

CO

z

103

u

(A 4J

j: u

to <
111

ft. .
o

H

a

g g

<o tj

cu c

5

8
-1

S

!

a
n

.o

°
°
fa

I

a

o

01 *~*

ffl ^

05 r*»

en r*

C m

in

i-4 on

- On

to —

00

U) 4J

0 «-

<h .n

U X

-H 00

y-t 00

00 r-

O m

oo r*>

O U"l

t- On

fl —

01

C c

Qj

4-1

o «

O 4J

(0

3 H

« c

s

a

4-) 01

o

!/ CO

I

•H .»

3 w

*j x

h

0

co to

U 00

en

3 -H

u

VT W-i

U 01

a

QJ J=

1

T)

J= w

«« C

4J CD

■H

^H (0

O 01

M

1 CO ^-v

>M

X

TJ

aa

a*

•^ 00 On

C -

CO —

« H

ON

(d ki o>

(0

CO

a-H

4-i

>*

e u

u

•H QJ

0)

c

*J M c

1- U

(0

0)

en a o>

0 SA

m B

c

03

tH

N-'

B co w

c
o
u

/ — \

CO

M
Oi

c

CO

01

1

§

.-H

M

JJ

nj

V

h

0)

ra

M

C

M

CO

en

o

ij

3

ot

CO

i

3

CO

>

CI

to

CM

4J

B

•H

«

T3

h

CO

M

en

~

e

(0

u

w

Of

0)

0)

»

8)

r-l

X

0

4J

CO

vO

OJ

0

UH

4-1

M

>

o

a

U

01

■H

h

•H

J*

§

CO

CO

0

CO

0)

h

Xi

j

a

K

(J

J3

■§

u

S

T3

(J

-*

J

o.

■H

<0

1

01

u

O)

to

x:

(0

QJ

CO

h

c

c

•H

0<

&

jQ

O

^

cfl

OB

00

>

TJ

c

CO

CO

CO

o

•a

t/1

-C

•o

U

tfl

E

T)

0)

3

1-1

c

00

8

u

>N

(0

XJ

-C

h

O

c

O

CO

Ch

0

Cm

at

M

9

X

.— 1

X

§

CO

c

1

(TJ

e

CO

o

t-l

0)

g

0

0

CO

0

I

c

4J
CO

a.

t-

0)

u

•H

■H

^

h

b

s

(0

<

z

>-

u

CO

Z

Q

00

o

M

a.

o

o

JJ
00

GO

1

3

o

!

o

104

H *-> 0\

CO CO *H

a) m

B C

•H T3
J 3

< -^
aj so

3 . I".

Hum
« «-

; 55 w

fc

&

01

V

3
o

?

►J

-J

w

w

>

o

4J

CJ

01

I

-J

I

8

U 0)
01

fl

X>

M

c>i

■H

cr>

H

— '

,,

i->

V)

c

oo

OJ

o

oa

M

<•*

XI

(1)

3
C
•H

o -a

c

T3
0)

3

•5

JZ

,— ,

CO

cj

•H

CM

■4-1

o>

>*

4-1

4-1

c

CO

0)

0

EC

(A U

to *

3

.H (0

» 4-1

eg ai

0)

M

OJ 00

.- cO

■5 §

x: d

(0 en

at o

•H

0) >*

14-1 f

rH

(0

>> T3

- «

F-4. 1-

,c 60

4-1 A)

to 0

CO N

■H ^

0 -H

CO

*

CO

vO

CO .-)
B co

a

■H

CN

•o

>M

0\

"1

td

0)

.•1

.c

*T3

CO

4->

n

XI

c

4J

M

ffl

a)

U ^

<H

O

h

BQ

01 <H

>s

o

S 1

CO

01

U ,-v

>

CO

-H CO

(J vO

j=

■o

<N

CO

u

* CTn

«J

•H

«H

CO CO

CO — i

<4-l

X)

at td

JK

x: u

■H 4J

JZ

td

•O

O (0

CO C

CO

vXJ

u

c

0) N

C 0)

i-t

tN

u

(0

01 ->H

(0 OQ

14-1

CT*

•-( .-4

CO

m

>%

to

* ■

CO CO

fH

AJ

<a

CO to

00 00

U

e

00 00

3 O

CO

0)

cfl

3 0

r-l U

o

09

c

3

•H 1-

c
o
u

c
o
u

vO
•H

■a

c
<u
a

<

o

a

u

00

e

U)

•H

3

.=

o

c

01

(0

«

o

oo

<o

to

s

>

00

•H

OJ cnl*

3 -HT

H XI

X
3

105

•H

■a

•H

■a

•J

3

~J

3

< ^

< -~.

0)

vO

0)

\D

3

. r-.

3

*j tj\

*J Ov

«

co -<

P3

flj ~.

z

Z w

Z w

0

o

r w

r en

4-*

u

en •

a*

-4 3

J 3

< •—

-t ~

0) v£l

01 vO

3 • r»

3 • r~

~-» *J CJN

>-l *J (*

0Q cd -*

B3 to «

: z *-*

: z •-*

■n 14-1 u

O 0) 60
U M 3

ca

01

£

u

0

c

(0

(0

ca

•a

a>

c

u-.

3

J3

<

00

o

1-

•-*

H-l

sO

CN

ON

-C --N

(fl \0

•H CN

U

U-i o>

e

0)

.H

BQ

0 U3

01 CM

-a

0) E

C
■H

OB

00

3S

0 01

0> 0)
JZ tfl

*J c

c

C *

CO

§

a c

O «H

•fW to
OJ

0>

o

.e en

0 •>

tn to

tfl

JZ CO

to c
-h tn

M-l

CO -H

bs

tfl
to -

Jd to

4J

a

£

CO 00
•H O

rH at

CO .*

tO

U
01
CO

0)

u
u

•H
*-»

3

B

CO

>N

a
h

u

to

J^H-l

n

i- -a
u c

CO

.. c
x en
tn

•H .H

>» eg
CO B

u to
u

c

a
s

h

3 u.

.

4-1

u

>. to

X

OJ

4-t ^H

•U -H

a >-<

CO

•H

CO

c

•H

-i

oi «

to 10

2 C

B to

to

CO 0)

U CQ
60—'

01 *-i

a> to

3 3

(0

M

CM

ca

c

ON

u

00

*J

u

c

CO

to

0>

01

Ml

i

cc

T3

OJ

•C

tfl

CO

tfl

u

•H

01

U-i

J3

4J

3

e

i-i

CO

ca

^

CO

EX

to

3

TJ

a-e

0)

o

01

Q

a>

3

E

0)

T3

» at

■C to

oj

to

3

5

>. co

*H

(0

(-< to

U *J

c

• (0

tfl .-H

o
u

u a

(j %_*•

01

tfl (0

C OJ

-h tn

tn

* to

tn >-i

J* 00

ro

CO

a

3

0

o
3

I
1

o
B
9

106

-J 3
< ■

at eg
en <?

to a)
H3 -a

a; c

5-

I

•H

■•>

,-v

CO

\0

D.

4J

&-S

0)

5

o .-*

e^

CM

i-H

m

O co

o

*£>

o

*»

M

J5 CM

CO

•£>

CO

N— '

a

J3

CO <J\

4-t

c

T)

CO

U

«

CO

CO

CI)

00

01

(0

01

01

4-1

01

C 4-»

CO

Q>

u

CO

CO

to

3 C

c

CO

CO

CO

Ifi

l~i

O 01

•H

CO

4J

(0

CO

CO

u

>■> CQ

V

CO

M

4-1

M

QJ

u

3

oo

U

00

CO

Tj

«

00

U

0)

C

C CO

C

o

•a

CO

-o

■H

CO 01

cd

■a

c

5

a

to

01

B

cfl

fl.

CO CO

U

fa

to

CO

•V CO

n

fO

^

CO

CQ

-*

3 H

u">

<u

CO

CO

■o

w

-a

CO

J3 00

o>

CO

a)

3

01

.*

0)

3

3

00

1-1

£

0)

4)

M

■a

H

3

3

3

•• CO

w

O

0)

O

T3

--H

•5

m

a

4J U

c

CO

5

C ^

tH

c

CM

C -H

01

PI

O c"i

o

0

cn

CO 4J

PQ

n

CM

O.CN

s

O.

.-t

•S3

^

•a

O

CO

a\

^

a)

at

4J

4J

C7"

co

3

aj

u

CO

a

CQ

c

• •> flj

u

3

u

at

01 *-»

p

41

01

CQ

§

H

TD

c

CO

GO C

B

00 cQ

00 >-

§

C

0)

a

•o 01

o

■o

O 01

H

0

CQ

■H

at ffl

»

01

M J=

D.

a.

w

CO w

OB

&-S

E

l*H 4J

o

>>

-T

0

■-H

— <

B-«

•• ft-!

3

<~i -o

to

§

c

CM

§

4-1 CO
C CM

I

4-1

C

CM

§ §

a

•H

fl

CO w

■H

T3

CD

•H

C

-H

s

H

c

CQ

O

n

a.

M

a t-i

nj

O.

M

1

* 0)

c

0)

QJ

0)

.n x

■H

.>s

&•«

X

fi-5

ft-5 JC

ft-S

8*5

X

*H

3 §

t-

CI

r»

<U

o

O 4J

Q

o

u

C

&

•",

00

O

cj\ 0

en

r**

o

CO

IM 1-

CO CT>

c

3 m

CO -

cr o

CO

to -.

>, J£

r* en

a

•H 3

.. a

r-t ,-H

4-1 4->

fH

3 o

M O

CU S

-H c_>

u

a^

« •

a »

tx a

c

-. -o

• CO

CD 01

CO CU

cu

4J U

cn U

com

O CN

0)

P

c

•H

4-J

c
o
o

CU w
CO CO

1

a-H

3 U-.

CO i».

U CO

<

CO u

u

o

o

fi^e co

(^ rH

— • a

C

o
u

CO

ro

•H
T3

C
0)
Cu

3

> 01

ft]

5

107

_] 3

01

J 3

-J 3

< <--

oo

< ~

<: -~

01 to

C

0) SO

QJ vO

3 • r»

a

3 • r-

3 • l-

■-H *J ffv

•o

H IJ o\

fH *J O*

pa to — i

c

pa eg -*

oa n »-*

; Z ^

U

: z — •

r z w

^ CI

n) <

>

01

M

0- u

01

o

3

o

a o

J

3

c

3

G

? &

• 01

u 3

a o

at J

c
ai
85

« a>

»

.*

^v

r-i U

tfi — '

w

to

<y»

<-* oo

jj

A-l

0)

n

o

u a

u

00 CJ\

B *

0) a)

0)

•a

tn

V) i-l

to

0)

m T3

c *-»

c

tO

B

tO OJ

■■H O

■H

a)

00 Hi

U

u

o w

<j\

Ul

u

u

«

w

m

0)

0

l*H •

j* •

c

o-*

en

u

to

(/) u

a)

a

- w

3 tn

a>

nj

X c

f-H -H

u

a

M

(A

tO <B

^H E

nj

c3

OO

c

•H >H

o

u

4J

fl

**-< CX

e -

OB

U

01

CO

3

o

0)

u

>-H U

- *o

u

u

(0

tH -H

(/) a>

o

c

u

a «

C 0)

3

to

« 3

en

3

W 3

0) TJ

en

u

a.

M

CT*

U C

M

d

a

0 fl

4J *ro

U 01 — «

■o

DO

JZ

0)

TD

o.

00

(4

O

p

•H

j3

Ekt

3

C£

1

a

0)

c

0

Ji

0)

If,

u

4-1 >X>

O <N

T3

OJ

I

JJ

§

H

X ON

l*-l

W ~"

^

•H

>«

'*- *j

4J

>* c

u

W

03 0)

(0

o

h PQ

o

B

U >-'

a

51.

-h - - n

in c

Xi 0)

1-. w

o 0>

c

0)

•H

>,

0)

— *

H

,3

■H

U

4J

o

4J

C

DO

a

01

O

jet

01

33

a

U

i-i

*-*

m

m

U -rH

vO

"8

a.

o

c

PC

108

at

t

3

i

3
O

a)

>
o

>>

M

1

u

HI

&

i

01

-H CO

i

3 •»

j

^ f*

>3

(7»

>,

><

2 &

i

5

i «

1

• »

u

K o

a

k

Si

01

2

- T)

O 09

X c

■H <W

en to

4-t U

■H

CO 01

<M u

3 CO

>*-H

cr C

(0 4-1

x>

(fl ^-v

H c*

O <N

CJs

CD

Ov

TD CNJ

■H C

C &

<a a)

a ^

C «

« V-*

CO u

m c

» CO

CO OJ

• *a

3 pa

•H
X)

S

a

CO CM

^ ~-«

a

a. *->
c

4-1 0>

>4-i ca

01 01 0)

W CO 03

00 ^

• C

to <u

CO T3

*-4 0)
CO 0>

a

g

o
a

lr> O '

CO Q:CN

o <r»

a w-^

CO CO

CO 00

,_)

e

H

a

1

>. o

n

■H CO

01

u ■•
■H CO

!

C fO

0

01 CU

3

a
1

109

>> *-*

3
O
iJ

3 -J

&

1

01

g

a eg

at -4-

-J

W r-

s &

se

at 5

I 0) I

t-i 5 *-»

id g

s &

13
01

c
a

0

a

•a

XI

n 01
B oi

o

0

i-i 01

(0

3

§1

(0 ^

CO 01

r^

to a*

u

.. cm

M cs

w ^

at ctv

to -

4-» •— «

Tl — 1

4-1 (0

U

u a)

qj *J

a u

0) (fl

co c

co c

CO CO

c at

01

c «

•H CQ

- 0Q

•H >-

01

0

r»»

--I o>

(0

3

(N

£~

u

CT*

|*

tfl r-

QJ

in c

t-H CN

-C

*j

0)

O

4-t

C

- QQ

i- <-*

o

at

to w

PQ

CO

01 *J

0

00 CO

X c

CO

0) *->

4-t 01

H

(0

c

*j to

o s:

U •-(

3 co

a> a.

x: *-

(0

a §

C O

•H -H

cO

U

CD **-<

u co

0

•H 3

>*

*j cr

•H (0

« tfl

4-1 T3

3

CO 0)

a* ■**

O CD

co O

S en

o
o

c

en

c

U r-4

3

110

H tJO>
CO 01 -h

>1

*"s

u

a

L* -H

-a-

o >

cd

r-

**

OH

en 4-)

r*

.* u

ON

« <

>.

01

(-.

ftn U

>>

Of

o

h

i

<-H

01

0

C U

3

J

o c

J

« «

n -u

k

... c

S*n

a

W 3

f

<
i

<

00

00

3

3

<

<

I

5

8

i

3
O

c

60*-.

C ^

«

■H (0

■H r-

•H P-»

ca

iM iJ

n csi

<N

JC

U

ON

-on

§

0J at

« — <

> CA

B

•H C

^ u

ca -■

m C

0) c

O r*

. a)

U 1)

E CM

rsi oc

a) ca

o»

CA (A

13

ai ai
.c -o
u o

-a
a)

3

•5

C
o
a

g

•H
U
C
O

u

o e~s

r~ o

8^ S«

CO CM

eg E

v£>

T3
C
(U

1

T3 *H

-D
H

u

111

u

o

0

o

r w

r in

*-»

*J

a •

a •

■rl T3

•rf -o

J 3

_ 3

<

^

<: ---

V

VO

o> >o

3 •

r«»

3 • r»

^-t *J

o>

^h *j a«

CO Q

P3 (0 -""

: z

' — '

; 2 w

1

3

3

o

g~

01

J

-J 00

3

-- c

o

■H

J

•o

• 13

c

4J ft)

3

a ot

>>

0

0) h

5

h

CO J3

u

• c

',

n!

I- o

U

01

a c

o

>-

< --

o

at

c

01

C h

a oi

oi -a
u

« -

u 01

to u

X

(/}

CM

o

a>

(A

CO

B

0)

£

cc

13
4)

3

•5

4J

o
o

oi *~*

t3 a

•H 0)

a T-t

M

TJ Oi

T3

C

o B
B -h
-I 3

O <fl

i— 1 ••

i s

3§

4-> J3

C <-H

05 -H ^-v

n) a

O X O

B CL^T

^ B*

(0 S —

CO CN

c
o
o

ro

T3

c
(1)
a
o.

,-H

3

«

B

X

H

Id

3

Id

«

u

O

■

0

0)

0

O

£

U

>,

U

(0

E

00

c

4J

u

IH

u

IH

i-l

8

1

(0

■H

«

■a

1

X

«

*H

60

X

Id

E

£

•H

01

c

E

D

QJ

Go

a

a

e

(0

a.

u

U

■H

01

■

Ot

a

<U

X

u

(A

W

Oi

CO

Cfl

a

a

ot

^

a

(0

u

«

(0

c

<0

fcj

0)

«

>N

u

■

u

B

u

<0

1

c

w

01

&

•o

O

■

C

M

u

■H

»*

1

QJ

Id

<0

VI

CO

CD

ffl

a

0

o

<«

h

01

3

01

4J

o-

0)

•H

CO

E

>.

E

Cfl

■a

(0

0

■O

U

u

0

0)

Id

<U

O

c0

■H

CO

j:

b

0

0)

6

«0

01

T3

Id

to

-J

01

QC

<y

O

.— 1

pa

•H

w

o

u

1

00

03

H

a

to

u

6

5

6

6

*

Id

M

a

112

3
o

3

o

01

CO

c

vO

ft

<T

o\

CO

00

u

at

c

01

a

ec

TJ

U

c

.£3

■H

c

— i

00

(0

00

ft

ft 4J

01

a

§ S

„

8v!

ft pa

(0

<rt

C ^

Ot

-J-

(0
en

0

s-s *a

a

en

r- o

tj

tj

<N p.

id

ft

o

cd

4-1

m

a.

• * ft

ON

(0

CO u

ft

tj >,

to

i-

01 5

■a

u

>s

01

~

c

6

« TJ

(fl ^v

0)

c

N 00

03

tj eg

■h u-i

v-^

to

01

fl o>

f

00

0) to

cn

01

a-i

3 >-

ft

TJ

TJ

CT«

OJ

•H *J

at

■H

• tj

id c

o>

a

C -H

e ai

tn

en

■h a

to 03

C

to tn

3

01

k

0)

en

S3

00 01

to to

•M

4-1

1

E-S

u

* o

TJ CO
■H sD

a cr%

10 — '

c

0)

ea

CO

01

u

CO

CO

u

TJ

X

0)

T3
0)

3
C
•H
4J

g

•a

3
C

- 3

m o
r-. s

.. oo
c on

0
o

U

•
CO

I— t

<d

ft
u

a

■H
CO

4-1
(9
O

a

3

0)

M

a

01

u

0)

CJl

■H

CO

c

0)

x:
u

cd

3
o
u
u

o

4J

c

CO

h

0

3

3

3

to

U

ft

8

4J

cd

§

c

cn

CO

to

0)

CO

<a

£

>

111

u

C

M

CO

3

3

a

3

to

3

3

4J

*J

x

u

u

a

cn

00

M

TJ

u

CJ

CO

o

ft

a

M

CD

4J

o

I

N

■H

i-i

o

f

00

c

u

cd

ij

f

QC

vO

0)

CO

«

0>

£

c

a

ft

TJ

o

c«

cd

TJ

TJ

f

l->

•H

h

a

a,

ft

u

~

^H

0)

X

01

f

TJ

CO

a

3

0)

u

cd

o

X

U

<M

c

c

o

-H

4W

*H

Cm

o

■o

01

ft

0)

01

to

cd

1

a.

01

0)

5

3

01

to

01

c

a

01

X

01

s

3

ft

CO

u

to

00

a

01

0

M

3

H

ft

ft

cn

>>

M

M

a

cm

cd

3

JZ

cd

•a
0

CO

CO

h

I-i

»

>-

9

Cm

a

T*

>t

c

c

(O

u

CO

cd

H

cd

cd

4-1

CO

0)

cd

o

u

O

O

CO

Cm

B

C

(0

f

3

1

3

4J

3

c

N

I

N

TJ

N

X

.C

X

01

14

►

0

0

3

ft

4J

r-t

1

U

c

P.

■H

0)

tn

J=

4J

0)

4J

00

3

«

i

X

O

•H

1

cd

m

<o

U

f

cd

Cm

u

Ot

to

a

a

CO

0

M

O

tj

4->

4=

s

u

X

a

tj

y

01

u

c«

01

>

CO

CO

CO

cd

tn

u

1

4-1

01

-C

<d

4-1

0

o

iH

01

CO

h

CO

o

CO

«

o

x:

o

01

o

a,

— .

CO

CO

t/J

4-t

3

o

u

f-t

PO

01

OS

•H

O

ft

eo

CO

CO

w

w

<

o

■H
U

u

5

3

&

00

<

3,

3
O

cd

1

1

113

n v

c <J

0 c

n -a

01 c
in 3

X)

u

V-.

X>

u

/r^

Xl

Xl

<r

0)

01

-J

0)

Xi

<r

»tf

r^-

X

JZ

x:

•<r

r^-

X)

r-

CT>

IJ

X)

u

C^

4-1

i —

CT>

-J

x>

O

CO

•*

to

CO

ai

r^

-y

01

r-

0)

0)

CT^

r-

>i

3

a-

3

>,

3

>*

ov

00 >N

Ui

U

>N

U

c u

01

3

B

>s

e

01
3

E

0)

01

3

U

J>s

•H OJ

T3 3

o

CO

b

(0

O

CO

3

O

<u

M

01 o

J

3

0)

3

J

3

0

i-3

3

01

01 -J

3

J

0

3

Ul w

C

o

c

C

-3

O

X)

•H

-J

•H

01

•H

_1

XI

5

0)

60

-- J-.

01

TJ

T3

TJ

c

3

is

u.

c

oc

C

•-)

C

3

<

u

1

3

c

3

3

-)

1

CL

u

3

O

•H

o

>s

O

01

u

O T3

c

M

u

CO

M

c

t/3

o

I- C

co

1

a

•H

3

1

1

1 to

->

V-

U)

M

V-

->

1-1

CO

to

E

10

c

c

u

CO ■

c

0)

c

at

0)

M

C

CO

CO

0) >

>. -H

>N

O

SN

0

-n

X.

>> o

Xi

Xl

z

01

0)

00

01

01

W

en

01

01

T3

>

c

>

00

>

00

T3

•a

■a

> en

01

■H

c

c

0)

01

01

■H J*

01

i-J

4->

4J

3

4-1

3

01

01

0)

4-* eg

U T3

I- -H

■H U

03 03

U

•• X

Xl T3

0)

M

>%

a

(0

0)

>

>.

4J

t->

(J

«

<

0)

0
M

T3

OJ

-a

3
H
U

a
o
u

2 8

CO -1

CO 3

■H O

CO

p.

4_» ff>

•H

in

C — '

1+4

00

o

0

4J 01

u

4J T3

01
T3

lH

O -H
U U

M

03

■H

x:

* CJ

Xl

en

w E

*H

*H

14-1

xi -a

DO

XI c

|J

co to

C

x:

i-i

0» ^-s

m

>*

T3 XI

■H

XI

a at

O -3-

U-l

*J

E -H

1-. r^

>N

r*.

(0 -H

(^

CO

O

3 OS

x:

CJ

"^

U) N-'

en >n

P-.

-rH t-

t-

CO co

4-1 01

en

0)

•H ki

>> 3

Xl

3

1- J*

CO O

CO

0

4J CA

U _1

la

►J

3 3

O ^

CJ

*— '

c a

CO

13

C

D.
CX
<

o

114

Appendix 6.3(14). Species of epiphytic algae found in Salt Marsh Habitat,

Macrophytes (Kapraun 1974) - Chenier Plain

Bostrychia radicans
Polys iphonia subtilissima
Enteromorpha sp .
Ectocarpus sp .
Chaetomorpha
Blidingia marginata
Chaetomorpha 1 in urn
Enteromorpha f lexuosa
Rhizoclonicum kochianum

Cyanophyta (Stowe 1972) - S.E. Louisiana

Oscillatoria

Lyngbya

Spirulina

Diatoms (Stowe 1972) - S.E. Louisiana

Anchnanthes brevipes
Amphiprora sp .
Amphora sp .
Amphora cymbifera
Amphora granulata
Amphora ventricosa
Bacillaria paradoxa
Caloneis liber
Cocconeis sp .
C_. placentula
C. scute Hum
Coscinodiscus sp .
Cyclotella sp .
Cylindrotheca closterium
C. fusif orma
Denticula sp.
Diploneis sp.

D. interrupta

D. smithii

Grammatophora marina

Gyros igma sp .

Mastogloia sp.

Melosira sp .

Navicula sp.

N. calica

N. rostellata

N. trompii

Nitzschia sp .

N. accuminata

N. constricta

N. grossestriata

Opephora schwartzii

Pleurosigma sp.

Rhopalodia gibberula

Surirella fastuosa

Synedra sp.

continued

115

Appendix 6.3(14). Concluded

Species of benthic algae present (Day et al . 1973) - S.E. Louisiana

Enteromorpha flexuosa
Ectocarpus sp .
Gracilaria folli£era
Ulvella sp .
Ulothrix sp .
Cladophora repens
Rhizoclonium sp .
Ulva lactuca
Vaucheria

Oscillatoria princeps
Lyngbya sp .
Spirulina sp .
Chroocroccus sp.
Merismopedia sp .
Anacystis sp .
Enteromorpha intestinalis
Bostrychia rivularis
Polysiphonia havanensis

Cladophora gracilis
Oscillatoria sp .
Amphora sp .
Denticula sp.
Diploneis sp.
Diploneis interrupta
Gyrosigma sp.
Navicula directa
Nitzchia sp .
Opephora sp .
Paralia sp .
Amphiprora sp .
Caloneis sp .
Mastogloia sp .
Pleurosigma sp.
Surirella sp.
Cylindrotheca closterium

116

Appendix 6.3(15). Net epiphytic production on stems of

Spartina collected at the water's edge and inland

1.5 m, with the averages and extremes for the

net water's edge production and a fitted

curve for water's edge production superimposed

(Stowe 1972)

3
O

-C

E
U

0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330
Days " ■ — *~

6-25-70 -*■

— 11-27-70 -*-

4-21-71

117

Appendix 6.3(16). Representative benthos collected in Barataria Bay, Louisiana

INVERTEBRATE MEIOBENTHOS (Day et al. 1973)

Nematodes: Diplolaimelloides bruciei

Harpacticord copepods

Amphipods: Corophium sp., Ampilesca sp.

Polychaetes: Neanthes sp .

Oligochaetes

Ostracods

Taraidaceans

Mites

Small snails

Other annelids

Insect larvae

MICROBENTHOS - FORAMINIFERA (Cruz-Orozco 19 70 and Warren 1960)
Ammoastuta sp. (agglutinated form)

Arenoparella sp. (agglutinated form)

Trochammina sp . (agglutinated form)

Ammobaculites sp. (agglutinated form)

Miliammina sp. (siliceous-type)

Ammotium sp. (agglutinated form)

Ammonia sp . (calcareous-type)
Cribroelphidium sp .
Eponidella sp .

continued

118

Appendix 6.3(16). Concluded

MACROBENTHOS (Day et al. 1973)
Polychaetes

Neanthes sue cine a

Gastropods

Littorina irrorata (marsh periwinkle)
Neritina reclivata (smooth periwinkle)
Me lamp us bidentata (snail)

Pelecypods

Modiolus demissus (ribbed mussel)

Decapods

Uca pugnax (fiddler crab)

Sesarma reticulatum (square-backed crab)

Callinectes sapidus (blue crab)

Panopeus herbs tii (mud crab)

Rithropanopeus harrissi

Menippe mercenaria

Clibanarius sp. (hermit crab)

119

X

■

<u

(0

H

-J

-a

-a

OJ

<u

i-.

5

0>

u

'X

4-1

C

td

ffl

0)

■a

V4

c

x:

HJ

H

3 • r»

pa « -

T3 o

U
CD
•H

c

€

CD
XI
4-1

CO

u

•H

cd
CO

>

i-i

4-1

o

>

•H

en

*-»

_>.

u

<Q

<

OJ

p*

o

id

OJ

c

r-J

o

c

U)

n

n

-o

.

c

rj

-

.o

<

g

I

91

-3

CO

CD

X!
•U

M-l

o

CO
CD
•H
O
CD
Cu
CO

CD

J-J

CO

u
X

CU

■u

l-l

CD
>

>

•H
U
n)

4J

c

CD
CO

CD
l-i
D.
CD

OS

-a
c

CD

a.

in to

-i a

-H

(0 4-1

C "J

in

Ifl o

u

in

01

J=

in t>

4-1

4-1 c

™

o m

01

Hi

14-1

in in

c -o

•H OJ

0)

m

4-1

•o in

c

c

a

«

a

IS

01

0 «

4-1

3 -«

«

a

3

u

at CT\

a.

T3

B

•■ c

4-1

x: >--.

tfi ON

•H 00 CT*

CO —

* o-v

rt M ffl

W — "

y-i ~*

U

>,

u u

01 C

UH C

to 01

en n] oi

C CO

o a oq

•H w

a w ^

I

■i-i s

» vO

a

in cni

4J On

tn ■-»

o ^

tn m

o -■-•

E xl

T3
CD

a

a
o

O

120

u

10

•rA

•o

-J

3

<

01

\0

3

r-

on

pa

<o

z

2

*~r

J 3
< .

4-» <J* r-t

•H T3
J 3

< ■

3 • r~

*-» o>

to ffl — I

2 —

=H ~

0)

^

0)

i

u

3

0

o>

0

►J

3

-J

ti /-^

>> *4D

ct ^

(0 (N

N (N

t-> QN

H ON

U ~H

U vO

OJ (N

V) o\

C ->

u — <

•a

0)

3
C

to 03

flj r-4.

c s

C -H

4-1

" §

* c

- CO

(0 (0

to

U rH

tl *

ai a

a> «

CO \£>
•H CM
■4-4 ON

0) X

X cc

> <N

* CO

05 C

•H on

J= "O

■H CO

1-) ~H

CO k<

4-1

CD

>>^H

4-J

U-l .C

CO ^-t

c

>.

Ij eg

x: at

co T)

<-> B

10 03

»- c

CO

>s CO

ffj cu

3 CO

M (J

r-* 4J

01 01

-H J

4= CO

0 OJ

4-1 C

B C

O -H

• •

o -

JZ to

CO CO

(0 00

rH 01

"H O

co .*

8 3

tO (0

a to

0)

C 3

CO

(0 .-<

c

a o

S

>.

a

fH 0)

B

m s

■H

O 0

l-i

£ CO

£

a

to

4J CO

CO 01

£

O 00

CO

e -o

—i OJ

4-4

CO co

T3
0)

d
c

•H
4-1

c
o
o

c
o

51

X

•H

c

a
a.

<c

i

o
c

u

01 ~<

121

o

o

: c/i

3
O
►3

c

u

T3
OJ

i

•U

c

O
CJ

O ci
O CM

- 00
00'-'

QJ

- (J

in m

■a w

a) en

<U 3

3 I"

C

o *

a to

U Cfl

C

to ca

CO

60

•- 4-1

Jd

*-» 3

CO

4-» C

CO

C <H

M

CO 0)

3

nj r-l

00

en

§s

•H O

V

a S

m

bfl

o

o

T3

* j=

B

>. -

01

(0 CO

i-H Cfl

to

CO

M i-t

— t *J

•o

0) <-•-)

C

O u

01

m

X

-H

XL <U

4)

CM

4-1

3 *

CO

3 en

en

o>

c

4J CO

U

c

(0

X.

00

4-1 -H

r^

- CO

to

a

en 3

O 0)

4-1

C

■a <-h

4J

E E

(A

0)

s^

OJ *-l

CO

^ O

O

aQ

o

01 o

CO

CO to

S

*-"

0>

3 B

B

o o

^-^

*«

01

&

O <--*

**

CM

•-t

CO

j: co

o

O

o

"d"

u

CO CM

en r

CO

a

x.

ON

4-1 ^

C

T3

en

00 —

o

(0

CO

(0

CO

C

Oi (0

0)

01

u

V

3 4J

CO 01

(J

to

CD

en

O C

C CO

CO

CO

OB

4-1

>s OJ

•H CO

4J

CO

CO

<o

u

03

(0

CO

u

4J

M

01

T3 w

- i->

3

oo

CJ

CiO

to

C

CO U

u

Q>

e

CO CO

c

CJ

■0

CO

•o

0)

co -a

c

c

C

CO CO

01 C

CO

CO

-o to

CJ to

CO

CO

3 CO

CO

M

CO

en

J*

J3 1-

4J CO

CO

■o

en

a

CO

00

CO OJ

3

0)

jtt

u

3

3 00

^

0)

Cfl

OJ

U T)

.-(

3

3

3

<-(

4J CO

u 0)

O

X)

H

T3

f>

0

C U

09

e

c

a

CM

s

CO -H

o

fO

0

0

CT*

i— 1 4-1

en ■

O. (N

s

p.

a. co

* T3

CO

O

3

en ck

4-1

CO

cr

3 OJ

CJ

CO

(0

■

c

B

• (0

m 3

0)

91

u

0)

0)

en

CO

^H T3

co

CO

OG

c

00 03

00 M

O C

cm

c

u

OJ

0

•v

O 01

B 0

<T*

0)

03

3

V

U JZ

a

EB

w

CO

6-5

E

U-l 4-t

o

4J

-y

O

c

6-5

.-1

3

■-t TD

11

01

3

4J

c

00
CM

§

\0

CM

eg c

S CQ

■H

3

-n

Cfl

co a

d

C

— 1

en

CO

Q.

U

CO

a.

U

§

. Oj

B^S

0)

01

J3 X

i>* »-S

t>-

fr-«

M

J=

M

J2

•H

CO CO

to r*

CM

o

O

O

o

4J

C

■H 3

— < 00

^-^

9

o

CO

p*

o

CO

*4-< U

c
a

a

3

cr

a

co c~t
a.-i

2 8

00 4-1

u

.« o

cfl U

i 5

2 §

-a

3

e

•H
4J

c

O
O

^O

■a

(U

3 °

122

£

•sj g

■H T3
-J 3

< <-+

3 • r-

CO CD — .

■H T3

< .

-J

-*

0

B

c

J

X

c

—1

a>

a,

c

w

OJ

■H

4J

l-l

at

§

U

V

ag

c

•H

*H

c

4J

t-

*J

0)

H)

«

X

X

nJ

a)

w

u

J

c

3

0

I

•a

0)
3
C
•H

• o^

(U o

OJ — i

co u

c

to •--*

<o e

to

tu eg

u t/J

CI 4J

00 c

CO 4-1

CO

*-» O

* OJ

to O

OJ U

3 »— -

*j n)

t-

C 4J

u .

CD OJ

U

rH 3

- OJ

O. U.

OJ -H

U

*j a

u

u

-H

0) *

4J tfl

OJ to

cd ^:

C "O

3 W

•H OJ

CT* 3

01

CO ^H

3

.. -O

o

-t C

•• B

d] O

4J

£ O.

C -

13
<U

3

•5

4-1

c
o
a

QJ (N

c —

OJ rtj

-H

T3 >

0

l-i

•H »

XJ uj

OJ

C

OJ

^ OJ

-H

^H .*

*-» U

4-1 (--

OJ •!-(

a <*>

O .C

<u o*s

d

o
u

X
•H

•a

c

OJ

a
a

<

•O -H

CU —I

IX

c
o

123

2

u

en qj

J

c u

o c

tn n

<tj -v

M

41 c

in 3

a
<

.3

1

3

0

I

3

O

ffl 0

td

u

pj

■ - w

a^-s

1-1

W T3

r^-

w

4J ^

s--? cm

3

U 0)

in cjn

U

(U w

m --«

0

W

c

1-1

tH ■•

• c

CO

in 111

J*

>, c

t-J 03

tfl

rH (fl

U w

3

U -H

u

H

w a^

in w

0

(Tx

c w

Q

B s^°

■H C

E

Ql

3

•5

4-1

o
a

on -H •-! m C

w

a*

^

'J.

0

4J

ft

c

<u

c

03

1

^

O CJ\

0

rH (U

to ~*
H

5

0 C

CO 4-1

in at

c

« 0

ijj

.- 4)

|J CNJ

en .a

0) CT*

w *

4-1 ,— '

•O — '

u w

u

U ty

0) en

a j-j

ai in

t/i a

w C

in in

T3

m

3
5

•rl
4-1

c
o
a

Csl

a>

a*

(Q

>

lU

4J

rfl

C

-

PQ

O

•H

(A

3

cr

C

cn

ffl

0

£

a.

•a

c
<u
a.

a
B

3
5-

124

QJ M3

3 • P^

rl UO\

PQ <0 -*

8

8

8

i3

I

l-l

5

1

$

*-> c

O <U

00 -~v

C ^

fH r-

■H r-

n) cm

CM

CM

ea

CM

(A

tf)

TJ

-u

at

o

OJ

a

CO

CO

j:

M

w

3

O

H ^-s

kH

H r»*

0

Q CM

6 on

CO

00

•>

00

ai

1 c

G a>

o

O (S3

CO

» w

H

XI

0)

s

C

•H
4J
C
O
CJ

XI

a)

3
C
•H
4J

C

o
u

c

CM

■H

(T>

>N

H

tJ

4-1

c

10

QJ

T3

6

a>
<x
o.

§ 1

3
c

6

§

a

2
3

125

o

0

r i/i

= w

u

4J

u •

w ■

•H TJ

■H TD

J 3

=-J 3

<

■< ^

01

\C

0* *0

3 •

r-.

3 . r-

i-t 4J

C*

.-t *J 0>

co t

PQ flj — .

: z

^— *

= 55 ^-

■h -a

01 sC

3 . r*.

H U<J.

a: a* —

?

3

5

I

-J

I-

5

01 X)

<J

(0 -

CM

u a>

-J"

tfl u

CT*

3 -H

-H

U. B

O

u

c

* W

0>

U) T3

« CO

*J 1-.

1- s^

O i-*

01

(U Xi

T3 (fl

tst

*j

M

c

01

CJ

pa

•a

ki

rl

B

-O

-r-.

n

u

X

H

T3

0)

P

B ■*
ft (A

.g c

3 «

§s

•H

•h m

w .Tl

C -H

10 -H /-*

« a

o j: o

B a-sr

s-« **

■h B o*\

ca « —

oo cm

c
o
u

m

X

•H
T3

C
<U

a.
ex
<

O CO

a co

£ £

126

3

o

01 60
O »

a. u

%
o

T3
0)

3
C

V- 00

cu in
t) o~>

.n *

-H

U ^v

co co

to

CU CO

a

-H -O

0)

>>

•O y£>

CO

m U

-H Os

o

u

Q, ~H

^4 ja

a

CO

to

CO

T3

0

4-1

1?

(0

s

* 4J

U <-s

4-*

CO C

CU CD

(0

■O 0J

CO sO

CO

0 CQ

C CT>

* c

X

a. ■--'

•H — <

CO J

to

1

•H

c o

-H

X (0

* 4-1

(0 >,

IH

a -a

W C

01
U -O

,_,

c

CO

B <U

C CU

03 03

4J (3

CO

CU w

i

6-^

CJ

to

CO

CO m

n) to

3 to

CO

W CO

w -a

l- CO

U tU

<o cu

U 00

(0

(U CO

3 CU

01

to

•a

to CO

U CO

■H U

<u to

CO *

00

3 w

4-1 CO

u

U T>

CU

u '- — «

i-H CO

• • CO

to rfl CO

co -a

*J c

c n in

3 M w ,-,

■H

ra

C

CO

a

e^

e^s

CT*

CO

— (

•a
<u

3
C
•H

•u
C
o
u

c
o
o

X

•H

•a

e

CD

a
3

XI T*

■HP. -1

a U a

127

a

—

H

3

,m

5

O

0)

«

£

u

PL|

u

•&

■

rj

CM

o

r-

r-

IL

o

0\

O*

u

3
O

.

a> r-

Li

a cr-

5

DO

»

5 &

•o

■a a*

u

<u 3

u

<u o

M

u J

CO

CO ^-

60
60

Z
O

D
■H
O

c
o
u

a>

,— ^

£

Xi

C

•3"

■H

o>

iH

03
•H

&

l-i

0)

s

3

j

8

O

CO

%o

X
•H

S
P.

a,

<

o

128

a
•w
to

H
PL,

M
OJ
•H

c
<u

O

0)

JC

XI

r**

T)

TJ

C

o-.

01

<U

ifl

1-1

c

4*

0)

<D

u

c

0j

00

+J

V

01

M

c

cd

to

c

(13

Ed

<u

CO

0)

TJ

u

r-

0

2

G -C O -1 u

•H
.a
cd

PC

a -3

^

3

U

a

OJ

f*-

l/l

lO

1

CJ*

H

3

J-i

—1

,£

at

M

.C

3

to

0J
•H
CJ
OJ

to

JJ 0\

,-* ej\

u ^

Ss? — i

01

>£>

to .*

• l-t

C u

<T> M

-H 0)

-» CO

h

W t_J

* a

JZ <o

c

tn x:

o ^-.

■H u

■H 6-S

<4-» •— '

k- CM

U •

- w

CO vO

w •-<

(j m

.O -H

CO co

U C

,—. t-.

U (A

e^ a)

a, ~h

T3
0J
3
C
•H
■U

c
o

CJ

cd
U
.o
a)

4J

OJ

>

a;
>

•H
u
CO

■u

C

OJ

to

OJ

a
aj

Pi

•H

■a
c

OJ

ex

<

•a

"O r-i

u H

(0

C

M

-H

CO

a

.-H

c

to

M

3

■^

u

0

U

a

u

4J

•H

01

co

0)

a

au

u

V-.

I--

u

u

ot

J«i

jj

3

u

u

CO

I/)

4->

(0

c

>x

w

Xi

o

a

>1

■o

u

at

01

5

c

£

,*

01

0

i-l

u

o

B

a>

O

•H

CJ

(0

XI

h

X

CO

•H

3

H

u

O

Oi

o

2

0

u

129

p-. a

a.

M -H

>. -h

CO u

j* *

C U

CO u

■H CO

c co

4= 3

•H 3

CO C

£ C

3 «

■3 §

r a

Z

■o

^ T3

• cu

01

4-1 ,r

• £

a en

*-> CA

a) -h

O -H

t/3 rH

O *H

T3 /-n
CO nO

O r*«

CO

y-^

00 r^

0

m

u

ON

>4H

•■*

*

4J

CO

-C

h

60

CO T3
*-> C

T3

u CO

01

01

CO CO

3

C TJ

C

tH CD
0

•H

■o en

4-1

c

t0

c

o

to to

u

T3
QJ

a

vO CO

X c

O *J

Si 60

jC ON

(0 —
M-l 4-t

CO -H
*-> l-i

o 3

B co ^>

-H O0 On
CO —

g

CO

QJ

c

.5

QJ

QJ

CO

.5

00

CO

cu

■H
M

ca

QJ
M

n

c

3

U-l

C
CO

u

CO

C
CO

QJ
.5

(0

a

01

J3

a

CO

3
M

i-H

3

CO

QJ

CO

o

QJ

u

CO

cn

c

0

s_^

C

,*

u

u

4J

CO

QJ

3

aa

>

3

(0

c

M

M

to

h

u

x

B

CO

4J

0

C

<o

CO

<0

»

QJ

(0

CO

•H

c

U

CO

«

00

•H

(0

u

h

a

■H

X

0

CO

oj

O0

c

c**

CO

1

(0

•o

1*4

>■

O

^

vO

O

u

•H

QJ

-i

At

CO

X

0)

Q>

M

j3

a

(J

CO

.M

QJ

CJ

U

T3

cj

T3

CO

.*

M

a

X

0)

u

4J

CO

4J

CO

C

o

CO

M

0)

"

u

c

Q

w

■o

>

cfl

ca

CO

CO

.c

Si

00

u

•a

c

01

o

•H

C/J

cu

a

3

CO

y-i

Si

J-

•a

•H

CO

•H

E

TD

T3

cu

i-l

CO

1

c

M

>*

co

£

O

a

.*

(0

c

(9

to

•a

to

0

CO

Ch

QJ

M

o

u

-H

QJ

-H

cm

CO

-H

§

CO

CO

M

o1

u

4J

0)

u

QJ

T)

QJ

T3

T3

o

13

C

o

QJ

CO

CO

a.

a.

o

Id

O

D

0

u

O

tH

•H

rH

U

M

QJ

a

en

t-

U

U

O

M

co

h

Q

oa

O

o

PQ

CO

3

J^

£

n

QJ

z

QJ
Z

QJ

Z

QJ

Z

QJ
OS

e

3

UJ T3

130

«

■J

TJ

m

(U

m

TJ

o>

5

— •

■H 13
J 3

3 • r»

— 3 J 3

<: ~ < ~

ai *o cu *o

3 . r-» 3 . r»

t-H *J C^ H U ff>

pq co — < pa co — <

3
C

-H CO

» sO

B

CO CM

4J <T\

U) -H

CJ --

C i-H

0)

id co

0} 4-1

QJ E

c c

U CO

•H 01

«

CO

u ■

CO CO

CO

3 T3

ej

t- u

(J -H

O (0

■JO

3 E

U3 N
2 ^

1-1 y-v

>^vD

CO sO

CO (N

N CN

* o>

•H (Ji

CJ "H

rH —<

- *J

•> 4J

« c

« c

4J CD

00 0)

U CQ

0 «

01 w

U w

to

<M

C x

-H

■H 0)

* (0

£

CO -H

- «

+J 1-

(A C

I ^-v TJ

* CM

JZ &

co — •

* c

* 03

CO CO

CO

u >~*

1- -

0) a

0) to

r-i

^H 60

•O 0)

■a o

■a s

TJ U

■h o

iH «W

y-< to

14-1

•H

CO D

CO S

rH o

41

•H CO

c

to •

•H CO

to

H T)

. 01

CQ u,
3 fl)

-c X

■3 S

3 3

CO \0

•H CN

■-l-t ON

3
C

c
o
o

a 3

CO m

•H -H

CM X)

CO -D

M C

00 00

*~> 1)

3 O

CO to

•H M

0 c

CO ^

a -h

O -H

a -i

C

o
u

00

vO

■a

e
a)
a.

<

E 3

>. co

&

o

.a

s

131

3 • r-

pa « — •

3 . r*

oQ rd <-■

8
j

o

u ^o

w>

OJ rM

to

en on

GO

c — '

3

H

>c

u

en

CN

" c

^,

ON

J= Q)

• ^

en oa

(fi CM

C O

tJ

**-.

rd -<

C

>. en

u

OJ

C3 0>

(J 4J

OQ

w- x

« c

-C

CM

(A

on

Ui

§

*J

c

QJ

to

aa

4J

c

rd

en

C

a

[Q

c 3

TJ
(1)

U) 0)
O 00

B n

0

ro

o

CN

u

ON

c

4J

1-t

c

RJ

OJ

u

«

0) 01
0) «
3 C

OOw

en

s^e rsj

en

rd

O ON

en

eu

M

.. ,*

en

oo

en en

(0

• ■ (j

i-> 3

4

m

*J c

C "H

u

en

en u

(TJ *-*

00

0)

§s

-t O

00

a a

»4-l

■o

o

OJ

- X

>> -

en

to en

*H (fl

n

l-l -H

--< *J

T3

01 ^

o u

01

m

A

f s

0>

CN

4-1

3 »

en

On

5

4-i en

c

rd

Ji

4J -H

>,

* eo

CO

.— (

4-1

a

en 3

O 01

u

C

-o ^

B j

en

0)

s^

01 .-I

« 4-»

•rt c
u-i o>

Si

o o

-. 3 ^

-. -o 1-1

O C rsl

6 O cr*

s< i* r~

— . CO ^

c
o
u

00

en

TJ

c
a
3

9 S

U "4-4

132

0

o

r w

- en

u

13

4J

to •

V

to •

•H TJ

h

•H T3

J 3

HI

i-J 3

<

/~s.

00

< ^

01

sO

c

<U so

3 •

r*.

a

3 • fv

«H *J

os

■o

H Uff«

pq n

c

PQ (0 — I

: 55

w

UJ

; 2= w

>

4-1

u-j

o

>

CO

4-J

u

tfl

<

0)

a.

1-.
O

«

o>

C

u

0

c

to

to

4

~r

tu

c

3

<

3

O
►J

8

8

-J

o <■
•a

to o c -^

c as

»h as

a — <

.* o
tn u

to as

Mas

■v — •

a

•o

ai

u » -

«

-H (0 W

■O 4J .H

ai u at

to

u a» >-i

4J

o to ^

U

jr. C -h

01

en -h 3

X)

a)

3
C
•H
4-1

c
o

XI

OJ
3

a

•H

.H 0)

CO

0)

,_,

.. ■*

--i 3

3

3 -^

4J (0

O TJ

*T3 o~)

O

C cj

e c •-.

i-i

C CsJ

a

tO -H

o en

O

0 Os

•H 4-i

- a. cn

B

D~-«

O- tfl

to as

3

4-1 •• —1

n u

<9

O"

u to

to

to c

a

• CO

01 QJ U

E

01 oi

to

to

to 00 c

00 03

00 i-

C T) 01

O

TJ *—

O 01

•H 0) D3

3

QJ

(0

U J=

10 '-'

to -— *

g

o

<T

o

rH •■ fr-S

i-H

3

■-H T>

to u 00

CO

4-1 v£>

CO C

a co

B C CM

a

C CN

•H CO ^

•H

(0 w

to

C -H

c

.H

CO

(« a t-i

CO

a i-

1

« ot

0)

01

J= X

s^ s^ j=

e-«

&^ j=

•H

to to

O O 4J

o

O 4-1

C

•H 3

hO\ o

r->

r-» o

CO

U-i U

to CO

+j a

u to

<l

■H Q)

a- 3

*

3

(0 ^H

to

T>

fH

•H

•• C

O

-< O

.. a

| a

4-1

I to

C *

CO TJ

CO to

a *-<

c ••

i— 1 4J

CO 4-1

a u

•H J3

c

0)

.-t 00

^s n

s-s to

3 g

a\ <-h

<M c

r** o-

r- «h

CO CO

T3 « J3

to

OT! a

00

00 u o

3

C -H 60

•H JD

CO

3 00 w

1 C 01

c o ^

(0 y-s

at to u

4-t SO

0) o

tj (N

u <n a.

o> as

00 3

CO —

■a > e <-.

T-(

H

* m

ja

to

to as

B

0) -H

>N

at

M

tH 4J

u

u

*j c

DO

■H

a o>

o

X

OJ CO

e

U

U ^-s

■w 00 u

C
O
U

00

•H

C
(U

a.
a.

<

T3 -H

133

n

<

0)

—

t-i

o

i

Oi

B

u

O

c

CO

nj

n

■B

c
o
o

00

G

0)

a

a.

CO

3

o

co

tm

(0

a.

^^

ifl o

M-l

u

CO

-o

r^

^ ~*

O ^*

4-1

01

6-5

CN

en

vC

*o

U) *£>

U

0)

m

<Js

3 4J

(0 <N

c

ES

0)

w

m

rH fi

u a-

«J

(0

.m at

U — •

0 -H

a

4J

O CO

ca

10

5

-H

c

B ^

r- 4J

■o

4-1

10

0)

C

at

• * c

>s

c

4-1

CQ

l-t l-i

u at

at

01 01

rH

CT3

u

^H CO

CA

CO 03

4-1

r-

01

ll!

O ^

QOw

10

a cs

en

CO

CO

O

&

a

i-J

(0 0)

to

co en

B

&•*

g

4-1

T)

0»

to

g 3

to C

c

u

■H

u o

0

>> o

C

a

0

0 3

M

u. a

H

0)

*j

l-i 4-)

o

c

3

m

at

a

B

at

M

s

n

-H

M

tn

2

0)

c

O

M

B

3

(0 -^

4U t-<

U 01

01 *->

<u

C
•H
4-1

C

o
u

134

3

O

01 *J

c
- q;

I

1-1

2

o CT>

0

iH <U

W -H

3

§^

ctj 4-t

to aj

C

CO O

u

... 0)

1-1 CS

CO CQ

<U <T>

0) .

4J v-'

T3 — '

4-1 (A

u

•H

U 01

Hi CO

a w

OJ (A

2 P

co c

en to

B

CO

OS

e

V

pa

to

00

OC

m

ql

4J

a

00^

CO (N

C7*

■* '~*

i< 4J

■n c

X»

• (U

a)

•N PQ

CO

•H

co -o

T3 QJ

4-)

O <U

c

a CO

o

£ •

u

u

&

S-« cfl

QJ •-*

b

\£>

co r-

fl)

\£> t-i

C cn

w a)

-H Q\

J=

~^

CO

CO 4->

3
C

01 IA
O -H

6 ti

o
u

en

■X3

a

«3

a

135

3
o

^

CO

3

i-H

0

£

CO

CD

CO

J-

c

h

od

cu

<U

.o

u

(0

a

4J

CU

(0

u

3

•H

u

B

J=

^-s

CO

CN

0

^

0)

^

CO CO

,— * ••

3 nj

e^s --v

^ CJ

o s^s

r-l CJ

r- o

O «

4

BO

•a

3

C

g B

a -h

•h 3

CO --H

at co

•H .-H

CO T3

- §

C QJ

1-f (Jj

>•» CO

CO

•H - •"N

0 CO O

j: c <r

CO u

5 CO 0>

B C

•H — i

•H CO

*-• .£>

C -H

CO iH 4J

ra a

O J= c

B a ai

S^S 6^

rH § DO

(0 CO ^

00 (VJ

T3

a)

3

C

c
o
u

oo

^o

•a

136

3

o

3

O

*-3 r-
C —

c

CO
rH

a.

^

M

<-l

6

M-i

ffl ■+-.

B O

«

0) ^

C

00

t-. 00

■H

» §

ai m

«

T3 0>

u <v)

C 0

•H — <

w) i-.

rt >,

Q.

01

1)

tn 4-i

- T3

U T3

c

tn -h

ffl C

. 0)

-o a

u n)

tfl CQ

o> en

O)

3
O

-J

a)

3
C
•H
■U

c
o
o

-a

01

3
C
•rl

•u

c
o
u

00

C Ui

u

(A

3

W

CL,

3

oo

vO

at

c

o

J-.

u

0

«-H

t|H

S

0>

T3

fa

3

a.

3

01

o

tA

in

W

<w

13

a

01

<*4

O

u

u

w

j=

<u

o

•H

I

in

o.

u

<u

O

u

fc-

Q<

0)

0

<

cu

a

0)

in

tf) »

3

4J

4-t tn

CJ

U T3

01

a* t-< --v

«

in a) oo

<u

c

C N U-i

C

■H

'r-i i-l ON

S

H

>N

*

4->

■JD

c

av

3

o.

u

c

8^

01

rsi

CO

cr-

>-*

X

oj a

00

•s I

HI

I

137

1 o

— o> e

OS \D CO

41 o* a

03 ~ *H

3 a

•o

o •--*

«i

£ u q

M

U IX

01

Of!

• CO .£

c

(•"1 — i CM

a

— o <- i-»

■o

1 oo«a«

c

41

>. ^

>- a.
■

41
> >.

-H —I
4-1 i.

u eg
< 4>

0) r^

0 -"

o

01 Jt

c u

::

- c

— < u

»H o

" 3

C 01

o c

4) -~

00 .c

C -J

- r-~

-

■H O —
U *j L.

00

m

vo

C

m
a.

i

OC

u

>

138

H

-J

-o

TJ

a>

0)

u

c

V

01

2

CO

T

a>

~D

i~

C

jt

cfl

4-1

<D

T3

<1)

£1

o >

15 <

JO

cd
33

CO

C <J

O C

(A CO

<U C

1~

*-n CM

c

u)

•H

CD

CO

•H

H

O

PL,

0)

a

U

CO

CU

•H

id

c

4J

cu

CO

j=.

M

u

-O

cu

CU

4J

X

l-l

4-1

cu

>

c

•H

0)

>

•H

4J

CO

4-1

c

cu

w

cu

u

(X

a>

os

« c

c u

O ^

•H

SZ

U- ^

a

U **

CQ CM

IH

U •

>.

sO

«0

- ft

u •-*

U CN

**

>T1

O ON

• ccj

CO <-<

<s u

CO i-

01

u

CO u

• eg

a> to

^ U

•H 1-

X

c

O fl

U_i 00

OJ

CO

<r oti

■J

* »

M

P.

JZ

■3 1

01

CO u

>

JC H

- -H

co s:

-H U

w

*e

3

.0 j=

01

00

•-t U

to

JI

>H O

r*.

o <**

CO *

o

E

Xl CO

CO 01

m

CO

- <0

1- .-»

01

U *J

*t

1-1

s-e i-

M

>3-

CO

m at

* 3

u

X 4->

in

A

•£> (0

CO

en

0

3 E

1-1

•*-* CO

u

>v *J

JZ

V

43 C

XI

cu

3
C

c
o
u

o\

•a
c
cu
a
a
<

U

O

41

E/l

(0

U

M

J

H

■H

PU

<

H

3C

a. i-t

i- — *

139

a.

co
u

u

3

at r~
en m

to u

c u

c to

■H «

•H 3

.e 3

J= C

(A C

3 I

3 10

T, B

35

w 73

X3

01

g

-J

3

<u oo

c u
to 3

in *o

•a

3

C

I- r»

ii -a

4-1 U-l

J* c

t^

co ra

c

in

CA *-t

*-» 4-i

J=

o x

1- 00

a* oo

0) -H

W -H

X t-

C 1-

4J 3

■H 3

0 ^

c

CO

a

r- >> «-»

CO

C

g

tn ^-*

in

-H

1

00 r^

1

o u~i

U C>

in

en

M

.*

O

U)

Ij

D

R

w x

«4-l y-N

a *-*

i- oo

r^-

<-i

« r-

0) -H

•■ in

O

m

•O 1-

JI C^

B

» <J»

C 3

in — »

tn — •

q

-H

00

e tj

<4-t 4-1

en

O 4-»

CO c

•C

6

*-■ .c

^H IT)

• 00

14-1 00

10

U) tH

0

in 4-t

4-1 1-1

3

* M

j=

01

o co

o

*-*

3 -<

a)

CO
3

a
u

3
c

I

4-> •>

3 in

in

cr-^

C
O

CO <4-<

a

-a

u

E

-l CO

1-,

10

X ^

e m

in ov

T* 00 <7^

C 0

- a^

CO L.

<r«

in — '

4-t

_

U 4-1

v C

4J ■— <

c

tn at

in ro
O E

OJ

C 03

CO

a
o
o

o>

•a
3

<u
a.

140

T3 On

01 nO

3 . r-

^H 4-J ON

oa to — .

•H

T)

■H

■o

J

3

_)

3

< ^-v

< -->

0)

n£>

01

NO

3

• r-

3

• r-

4J 0s!

.H

*-> y

CO

CO -1

ca

ctj -"

<— I *J ON

pa to — •

o

—

t- .^

>N vO

CO nD

CO CN

N (N

t-< on

r* ON

U — »

CJ sO

0) CN

en o>

c — '

O £0

CO

n E

4J

c E

H CO

- >X>

E

CO CNJ

4J On

tf) rH

O —

c — <

CD

to u

CO

»

3 -O

1

en

en

J- U

J3

U -H

o

CO

CO

J3

3

l-l

O

JC

0

w -

4-1

CO

-I (fl

u

E

CO 01

CO

^

0)

CO

■- <o

E

£ C

to

en -~v

Crt to

-C

E

vO

H

CO

CO

- CN|

+-.

-C ON

CA

(4-1

•

to —

en n
o -H

E -H

en eo

4-1

6

c

- en

CO

w

u. -

O.

01 en

r-H 00

01

•0 0

e

T3 U

0

•H «4-J

en

UH

CO C

E OJ

en co

J= /-N

■H en

en no

CO -H

•H CM

E CO

en o/

to at

x: co

eO

01 NO

.-1 0

en E

t-t -~ .

> cm

•H -H

■h en

(J so

■H ON

CO B

CM

C

- ON

CO

en -

rH en

tn — <

w 4-1

en

^h -a

c

» cy

co l->

■H 4-1

JZ 0)

jz j;

S (0

CO C

CO CQ

tn <o

en n

c 01

■r4 c

en co

w-4 co

to

a

>, 4J

E H

co en

r-4 U

td ■"*

00 00

4_) at

CO -H

)-> eo
O 0

en en

3 -

00 00

r-t CO

3 0

.-t N

-H fc*

0 -H

W *W

E -1

■a
ai

3
C
•H

O

o

E5

O "4-1

141

3
O

►J

3
O

3

o

J
a

^ to

O -J

c —

woe ^

(A (fl

u

CO

u

a — ■

4-1 ~

at

*o

a.

o oo

en

c

<

^ e

0>

c

n

(A

i

— cfl

Cfl T3

-H

at

00 *J

C C

Cfl

tt

w

u

-H RJ

-a

Cfl

a

-- o

(A

3

<d

a>

cfl O

» (ft

.*

J3

>-.

w

M --'

(A TJ

(A

00

Cfl

^ at

3

6

3 tfl

» ai

-H

0

.-i -a

3 3

4J

Cfl

M

•H 01

^-i -u

r-i

o

c

u

o at

-H C

(N

E

(fl

B 3

0 o

C*

4J

i-i

e a

a

(fl

• u.

3

|

w «

4J

n)

cr

w B

ca a

c

B

<fl

U Cfl

s ai

at

cfl

Cfl

C

at

t 60 CO

00

V-

(fl

en -

O -D

0

01

C Cfl

3 at

tfl

u

s:

fr^

■H 01

3 cd

^ t-i

Cfl

Cfl C*

i-l 00

^

0) c-">

o

Cfl

oc o

E -

3

TJ — '

«

-H

at

» T3

en E

tfl at

O <T>

<fl

00 01

6 P*>

* 4-1

O Cfl

u u

(fl en

Cfl

<H 3

- *H

a i-

Cfl B

u

u

u

u -

at «

4J Cfl

Cfl X)

(0 ^

t-< »

.

B

tH Cfl

Cfl

J3 *J

01 u

01

B

m at

V-

O cfl

M

si C

(fl

(fl -H

3

*0

T3

■ o

cr

Cfl

U

0)

.-< <fl

Xi

3

(fl ^-l

*

a

at (fl

4-1

Cfl

(A

Oi

at

4-)

•U Cfl

si

e

at *a

a.

00 u

o

u

o

C "H

DO

a

Ol

a

3
C

Cfl 4-1 sO

1

B

E CN

(fl

■H III'-'

(A

d -H

H

(fl

cfl a t<

CO

at

01

B

J=

_C

s^ S-« SI

■H

tfl

tfl

O O *J

c

•H

3

n is o

cfl

U-l

U

c
(fl

SB

0)

6-5

■d
u

(A

XI

(A

(fl

o*

c

at

^

at

j*

4-1

o

4-1

c

(A

•H

a

01

C

X

at

pa

E

U

u

w

c
o

ON

H

en

•a

g
a
a.

<

142

>

4->

o

>

CO

*J

^

u

CD

<

01

0-

»-«

O

CO

01

C

'J

O

c

CO

~

A

T3

OJ

c

in

r

-Q

<

3

O

3
Q
J

3 -

C u

CT. w

4-t --*

C s^

u e^s

co oj

at o

01 vO

T3

<U

3
C
■H
■U

C
o
u

3 rf
to o

>*.

00

i-H

•a

.H

01 .-v

O

to m

£

CM

3

» tjN

CO — •

4-1

01

(0

CO 4->

o

en c

E

CO 01

t- CO

A

00 -~^

C 3

e

CO

ft

0)

(0

oo

V-i

>* at

H

CO 3

-< E

CO

4-1

^H O

T) 4J

CO

o to

oi e

c

-C

0) 01

4J (A

n)

3 -

CO PQ

c -a

01

CO

(0 01

U

4-1 01

>v

rH 01

cO

CO CO

-H C

a. 3

4J

ffl *J tN rH

e c c^ <o

o o to

<T ^ w

* 00

at

CO TJ

3

^ 0)

CO

*a

(0 (0

4-1

c

D

u

o

01

a--^

.— i *o f">

CO

m

O Ot CN

c

* cm

e a» o

■H

CO O".

3 -<

at •-<

tj

oo

•■ C u

XI 4J

^H O C

OJ c

to a at

CO

to 0)

e pa

£

pa

■H -— '

c ••

C

m u ^

CO

4J ,— v

C c\°

c a-«

S-5 to r»

CO CO

M H CN

o

rH CM

— • o.--'

"-*

o.^

3

C

c
o
u

-a
c
a)
a

143

3
O

l

U (0

in

U y£>

00

01 CNI

D

05 O

r-t

C —

w

- c

<fl ^

j: oi

*J >o

in oq

W CM

0) CT

UH

0) -.

>% in

c

ffl TJ

■H iJ

i* Oi

c

U 01

. oi

10

tn pa

-0 ^

tfl W

OJ

S in

01 J=

£ flj

■■ .— v

6-3 CN

T)

« •£>

m o\

c

CO

E (N

m — <

O — *

i-l

(A

3

• c

X)

*J

in 0)

0>

.- c

«_i gQ

0)

0) OJ

cj *^

Cfl

CO CO

0

ij u a ~h

<U
3
C
•H
4J

c
o

O

en u

C

!9

0)

(0

S

> -a j=

CO -H CO

s-«

■a

01 -H -H

in

c

-1 3 *«

vO

Q

■

CN

CO

cr

^

en

3

4J

rH

c

OJ

O

pa

s

^H

^(

CO

*9

H

E

t-<

CO

CU

CO

■H

j*

CO

=5

0t

c

0

I-l

E

g

0 CT\

o

(0 ■-<

3

CO t-i

- •— .

c

tn (T-

.- at

>-i <N

en as

0) CT>

t-i ^-*

T3 — '

Ul CO

o -^

e »-.

•H

C
(U

a.

a.
<

144

0- u

3

o

O

_)

« v

c v

o c

Tl

en rt

C

flj T3

J

3

5

e

CO

*J

c

0)

(0

33

M

^

«J

T3

e

c

»

QJ

*J

w

n

u

en

u

OJ

OJ

ui

to

en

T3

<D

3
C

■H
■U

c

o
u

■g s

T3
OJ

D
C
•H
4-1

C

o

u

y*s

7)

i-»

c

CM

H

C^

>>

u

*_>

c

tfl

<D

* C

tn

n 0

£ -H

0 (0

3 td

e^s ^

H O

o s^s

■H <J

r- o

•H

C
(1)
a
a
<

a. h

145

•H

■a

•H

-a

_]

3

J

3

< *~v

< *-s

01

tO

qj

*o

3

• r*«

3

• r»

4-) CJ\

4J CjN

&

CO — >

CQ

ffl —

'

Z w

=

25 w

o

—

C l-

« oi

01 -O

u

CO -

CM

4-1 OJ

-J

to u

O

3 -H

I- B

u

4J

c

•, yj

01

« T3

in cq

4J 1"

1- w

U -H

0)

01 -C

■o </}

T3

3

C

" c

o m

B *-*

4 l

4-1 U

o «**

5 u

r-i 3

w o
C <r

ul OJ
o CO

O £

a a

^H E

a
o
o

v£>

■a

c
<u
a

•-* a ^

146

3

O

3

3

0

3

o

3
o

_'

I

c

rH

a

c

n

a>

u

4J

T3

tf]

aj

3

3

u

C

•H

cfl

■U

U

c

01 ^

o

0) £1

o

U \0

c cr*

TO — <

■a

a)

3
C
•H
4J

c
o
o

ID

3

4-1

o

cd

J

£

w

4J

00

c

c

«

=1

o

CL

>s

cyi

•H

•a

B

a
a
<

147

— . CT>

n

Ifl •£>

«

01 ON

•H

0) — •

E

3 •*

0 0J

«J

j= u

PL|

u

m eg

JD

— < Csl

<r o

f^ r-»

II o

0> O*

X —

■—I .-<

HI
00

c

>. «-»

01 ^
J! .o
eg <f

a on

<U 3

0) o

u 01

C (0

•H £

o

ig

■

n

10

o

a>

en

u

»

0j

a)

H

u

TJ

t>0

■O

-.-h

U-l

Q-

E

■H

W

U

TJ

£

H

M

3

o

-1

T3
0)

"8

I

(0 u
U 3
(J U

X)
0)

0

1

ffl

0

■O

u

g

o

148

Appendix 6.3(20). Checklist of aquatic organisms collected in an
Intermediate Marsh Habitat in Cameron Parish, Louisiana,
14 May 1974 to 26 October 1975 (Farlow 1976).

PHYLUM MOLLUSCA - mollusks

Class Gastropoda - univalve mollusks

Order Basommatophora - fresh-water snails
Family Physidae - physid snails
Physa sp. (adults and young)

PHYLUM ARTHROPODA - jointed footed animals
Class Arachnida - arachnids

Order Acari - mites and ticks
unidentified freshwater mites
Class Crustacea - crustaceans
Subclass Brachiopoda - Phyllopods
Order Cladocera - water fleas
unidentified cladoceran
Subclass Copepoda - copepods

unidentified copepods
Subclass Malacostraca

Order Amphipoda - sand hoppers
Family Talitridae - scuds

Hyalella azteca (Saussure) (adults and young)
Order Decapoda - shrimp and crayfish
Family Astacidae - crawfish

Cambarellus sp. (adults and young)
Procambarus clarki (Girard) (adults and young)
Family Palaemonidae - freshwater prawns

Palaemonetes paludosus (Gibbs) (adults and young)
Order Isopoda - aquatic sowbugs
Family Asillidae

Asellus sp. (adults)
f'amily Bopyridae

Probopyrus sp . (adults)
Order Mysidacea - opossum shrimp
Family Mysidae

Taphromysis louisianae (Banner) (adults and young)
Subclass Ostracoda - seed shrimp
Order Podocopa

unidentified podocopa

continued

149

Appendix 6.3(20). Continued

Class Insecta - insects

Order Collembola - spring tails
Family Isotomidae

Isotomurus palustris (Muller)
Order Ephemeroptera - may flies
Family Baetidae

Callibaetis sp. (nymphs)
Family Caenidae

Caenis sp. (nymphs)
Order Odonata - dragon and damselflies
Family Aeschnidae - darters

Anax sp. (nymphs)
Family Libellulidae - common skimmers

Belonia sp. (nymphs)

Libellula sp. (nymphs)

Pachydiplax sp. (nymphs)
Family Coenagrionidae - damselflies

Enallagma sp. (nymphs)

Ischnura sp. (nymphs)
Order Hemiptera

Family Corixidae - water boatman

Trichocorixa louisianae Jaczewski (adults and nymphs)
Family Notonectidae - backswimmers

Buenoa omani Truxal (adults)

Buenoa scimitra Bare (adults)

Buenoa spp. (nymphs)

Notonecta undulata Say (adults)

Notonecta sp. (nymphs)
Family Naucoridae - creeping water bugs

Pelocoris f emoratus (Palisot de Beauvois) (adults and
nymphs)
Family Belostomidae - giant water bugs

Belostoma lutarium (Stal) (adults)

Belostoma testaceum (Leidy) (adults)

Bel os toma spp. (nymphs)
Family Nepidae - water scorpions

Ranatra australis Hungerford (adults and nymphs)
Family Veliidae - ripple bugs

Microvelia pulchel la Westwood (adults)

continued

150

Appendix 6.3(20). Continued

Family Mesoveliidae - water treaders

Mesovelia mulsanti bisignata Jaczewski (adults and
nymphs )
Family Hebridae - velvet water bugs

Hebrus consolidus Uhler (adults)
Family Saldidae - shore bugs

Micracanthia husseyi Drake and Chapman (adults)
Order Coleoptera - beetles

Family Dytiscidae - predaceous diving beetles

Acilius sp. (larvae)

Liodessus af finis (Say) (adults)

Uvaris lacustris (Say) (adults)

Neobidessus pullus (LeConte) (adults)

Bidessine (larvae)

Celina angustata Aube (adults)

Copelatus caelatipennis Aube (adults)

Cybister fimbriolatus (Say) (adults)

Cybister sp. (larvae)

Hygrotus acaroides (LeConte) (adults)

Hygrotus nubilus (LeConte) (adults)

Hygrotus sp. (larvae)

Hydroporous sp. (adults and larvae)

Hydrovatus cuspidatus Kunze (adults)

Hydrovatus sp. (larvae)

Laccophilus proximus Say (adults)

Laccophilus sp. (larvae)

Thermonectus basillaris Harris (adults)

Thermonectus ornaticollus Aube (adults)

Thermonectus spp. (larvae)
Family Noteridae - burrowing water beetles

Colpius inf latus LeConte (adults)

Hydrocanthus sp. (adults)

Pronoterus semipunctatus (LeConte) (adults)

Suphisellus sp. (adults)

Noterid larvae
Family Hydrophilidae - water scavenger beetles

Anacaena sp. (larvae)

Berosus exiguus (Say) (adults)

Berosus infuscatus LeConte (adults)

continued

151

Appendix 6.3(20). Continued

Family Hydrophilidae - Continued

Berosus spp. (larvae)

Cercyon spp. #1 & #2 (adults and larvae)

Enochrus blatchleyi (Fall) (adults)

Enochrus hamiltoni (Ham) (adults)

Enochrus ochroceus (Melsheiraer) (adults)

Enochrus spp. (larvae)

Helophorous sp. (adults)

Hydrochus sp. (adults)

Tropisternus blatchleyi D'Orchymont

Tropisternus collaris striolatus (LeConte)

Tropisternus lateralis (Fabricius)

Tropisternus spp. (larvae)
Family Hydraenidae - moss beetles

Ochthebius sp. (adults)
Family Curculionidae - weevils

Lixellus sp. #1 (adults) - small

Lixellus schwarzi LeConte (adults)

Lissorhoptrus spp. (adults and larvae)

Onychyl is nigrirostris (Boheman) (adults)

Curculionid larvae
Order Diptera - flies

Family Tipulidae - crane flies (larvae)
Family Pshchodidae - mothflies

Psychoda sp. (larvae)
Family Culcidae - mosquitoes

Anopheles sp. (larvae)

Culex salinarius Coquillett (larvae)
Family Heleidae - biting midges (larvae)
Family Chironomidae - midges (larvae)
Family Stratiomyidae - soldier flies

Eulalia sp. (larvae)
Family Tabanidae - horse and deer flies (larvae)
Family Dolichopodidae - long-legged flies (larvae)
Family Syrphidae - flower flies (larvae)
Family Ephydridae - dance flies
Brachydeutera sp. (larvae)

Notophi la sp. (larvae)

Parydra sp. (larvae)
Family Muscidae - muscid flies (larvae)

continued

152

Appendix 6.3(20). Concluded

PHYLUM CHORDATA

Class Osteichthyes - bony fishes

Order Semionotif ormes - gars and pikes
Family Lepisosteidae - gars

Lepisosteus oculatus (Winchell) (fry)
Order Cyprinif ormes - minnows

Family Atherinidae - silver sides

Menidia audens Hay - mississippi silverside (fry)
Family Cyprinidae - minnows

Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus - carp (fry)
Family Cyprinodontidae - killifish

Cyprinodon variegatus Lacepede - sheephead minnow (fry)
Jordanella f loridae Goode and Bean-f lagf ish
Family Poeciliidae - topminnows

Gambusia af finis (uaird and Girard) - mosquitofish

(adults and fry)
Heterandria f ormosa Agassiz - least killifish (adults
and fry)
Class Amphibia - amphibians

Order Diplasiocela - frogs and toads
Family Ranidae - true frogs
Rana sp. (tadpoles)

153

cu

c

<0
u

•H
X>

x.

CO

u
co

a

X.

co

cu
^

cu

X

4-1

o •

c

CO -H

CU ctj

•H ,-H

O PLj
CD

ft
CO

d

M

XI
0)

4J

M

CU

>

cu
>

•H
4J

CO

u

c
cu

CO

cu
l-l
ex
cu

06

u

cu

•H

c

CU

X.
u

T3

cu

3

a

•H
4J
C

o
o

^-^

CO

•

X
•H

c

cu
a

(0

o

4J

CU

c

w

iw

cu

CO

o-

Cfl

(A

(9

u

M

a

t-t

V

u

3

u

U

(0

CU

CU

cu

i-i

u

CO

0

(4)

cu

01

vm

cu

V

Tt

Cfl

J=

to

A

E

M

u

a.

u

0

13

3

QJ

cu

*J

u

u

o

O

U

CU

c

3

oO

3

id

O

X

CJ

43

c

W

c

a

>

3

•O

U

u

V

u

•H

en

0

«

M

cu

h

o

3

o

o

-H

O

«

*

«

a

J5

O

k-i

3

kl

a:

•H

o

■2

w

■£

3

D

u

>.

£:

i?

JO

oa

<

X

3:

X

154

•a r*
c <*

o >

» <J\

*-. CM

W ~H

fr-S u-l

u

vO ON

u j*:

CO

a> u

on

3

CO cu

"-• l-i

Q

C ^

w u

•H

•H .O

tfl

U

CD

c u

CO

^fl

0 '—

>

CO *— ■

^ ^N.

*H

t^ fr-S

to

^ CO

Ct) CN

H

i-4

V •

<U

«

(0

CO Ct)

* cn

0)

J3 C

3

m co

*e

a

U ^n

id

CJ CM

<D

O ON

3

CO -«

C

tt) u

•H

u

4J

C

^ ^

o

• c

o

t-

rj

01

U">

X

cr>

u

o

U

u

to

id

OJ

u

£

'"-^

3

c

•H
4J

c
o
u

-a

c
<u

Q.

a,

<

& 2

o
o

155

I on

CL

>n &

>>-n

.* -h

9".

Ji >-

01 v-

Ji

03 U

c u

03

C 01

£ 3

c

■H 3

.e c

11

.c

3 1

(0

3

s

X

w "O

-o

01

. at

• .e

« £

3 i 2

p. -H

■o

^>

i

in

o>

«j

-H

a

00

4J

•H

.c

h

oo

3

•H

<~f

M

3

CO

•a

■o

M

c

■rt

a

A

4J

00

£

c

oo

3

■H

o

u

>.

3

v^

01

CO

01

00

1

2

01

n

C

CD

0)

en

M

O /-s

■H

M r-

en

«+* m

C3N

to

s

u *j

U X

at oo

£

^m,

^-v

^n

X>

H

&■*

&-!

a)

v£>

-*

O

00

vO

-*

c

^

N-'

w

<H

w

en

01

4J

X *-*

•o

T3

c

0) «£>

«

vD

a \0

o

O r-

o

i*-t <J\

u

On

*J ON

U

u

TJ

T3

OJ "O

c

T3

C TJ

£ t-

flj

M

(Q ti

•a

d
c

•H

4J

C
O

1

C oo

CO CO

\D CO

CO ~H

•h d

00 C

14

CO tH

y 3

3 £

£

at

£ CO

-C CO

£ -a

a 3

01 3

u c

CO X

•H X

0 co

O —

»n —

.-I CJ

0l| "O

■a
S

& s

a

156

8

<
i

2 §

T3

0)
3
C
•H
4-1

c
o
u

to

a

^

•

CO

.-<■

ex

^O

(0

N

•H

tN

00

-H

«

U

» ON

o

t-i

C

(M

(0 <-«

u

CA

«

0

00

14-1

U

0)

O 4-1

to

01

h c

00

X

BO

T3

U-i OJ

CO

o

*J

4->

B

03

OJ

M

to

U

R

<•*-*

a

V

(0

o

IU

a

0)

4J CO

a

■d

CJ .-1

T3

XI

•H

■11

at cq

«

CO

U

OJ

CO 6

4J

•H

IJ

T3

(0

e |

IM

C

id

§

■H (3

co rg

„

-i

4J C".

CO

a

1

Efl

4J

(0 f-H
C ^H

u ^-t

ai

4J
U

14

c

C

co cq

oj S

CO u

at

OJ

p

n)

c c

to

IJ

3

H

U CO

■h oi

c

5

a

CO

CQ

s

4J -

CO CO

•^

m

§

*J

3 13

B en

CO

cq

3

-

1- u

U <H

Xl

<r

0

tfl

U -H

o cq

CO

r*»

«

CT-H

.o

3 i

u

cj\

«

U-l

o

-C §

u

(0 -

4J Sj

0,

■a

rH CO

M B

H

>,

s

c

CO at

A

^

■H

~H

aj

JZ

cu ^

<q

01

K

g

-- n)

B

3

43

CO

-C C

xi

CO

o

CO

a*

-H

M C7%

to CO

vjO

J

c

O

•H

to to

CM

<Tn

01

u

a>

M-i »

■H

X

CJ*

OB

—-

IM

CO

■4-. •

CO

CO

U

>i

>. -a

(0

■H

jj

u

u

t-H

4-1

•H t-i

rH QJ

<*-i

4-1

o

0)

e

U

r-t

c

i-i (0

-h j«:

>,

c

01

(0

01

0)

1

0)

CO N

1 2

cq

0)

CO

c

pa

g

CQ

9 ■H

u

oQ

c

■H

a

CO

B rH

CO CO

u

*-"

■H

■a

0)

C
•H
4-1

c
o
o

cs)

.3

a

c

■H

XI

a
a.

C O

i-l .-I

E 2

t-l r-t

.£) -h|

01 CO

4-1 U

4-t -H

■H 3

157

3 ■ I-
t Z •-*

0

0

= w

= C/3

u

4J

CO •

CO •

•h -a

■h -a

J 3

-J 3

<

^-v

< ^

8 •

*o

rj ^c

r*

3 . r^

— < *-»

o\

H Wt>

CQ A

rt « —

= Z

****

t Z w

•H T)

•H

•a

J 3

-J

3

< --.

< ^-

s .s

■

<o

3

• f-^

H U OV

*H

4-» O*

CO « -c

CO

a -.

; 2 w

Z w

3 01

O 01 00

*J (J ^
COO)

l-C OS PS

&

>>

ET

&

Of

01

0)

0)
3

3
O

1

§

0

J

►3

_i

&

&

&

>.

Ol

01

01

K

§

o

3

1

-J

J

j

*-^

*w

^

■J

•D

.

•a

^

C

u

c

3

a

3

.o

0

01

o

01

M

to

u

u.

U

.

u

'.

a

11

a

*J

eg

sx

2

01

>•

u

o

tl .-s

>> vD

CO \£>

CO CN

N CN

l-l ON

H <3\

U i-l

» i-l

- w

'0 c

co C

4_) QJ

cc eu

U CQ

o m

4) w

o c

QJ CN

to o>

c —

c

—4

CO

a

6

en

M

k-

cy

10

—<

QD

-a

o

T3
OJ

X ^

B co

CO C

(0 CD

(A N

c o

•H C

■H

CO CO

^ CO

a

B »h

CO CO

6D oc

§ §

11

3 O

CO sC

•H CN

CO OJ
H CQ

co *a
^ c

U CO

n

4J

0)
o

OJ

1

CO

B

u

H

en

d

B

a

•H

01

«

•

CO

CQ

OJ

t3

JZ

M

u

tfl

OJ

N

01

H

W

„

.

CO

CO

CX

DO

3

0

r-l

i-

« sO
0) CM

C o>

XI

3
C

O
CJ

JZ to

CO CO

CO 00

— i CU

■H 0

CO M

«M t-i

..1

>>«-«

O *w
3

S c

CO Of

o oc

a T>

c
o
u

CN

c

OJ
Cv.

E

158

o >

r-»

■H

ON

M U

J* U

« <

>i

(U

M

ci« u

01

o

3

iH

o

3
O

3
O

3

O

QJ 4-1
OJ «

3 3

r-* m

•w

SZ f>

O <T

t-l

0) CS

a^-

£

ON

13

to

CJ)-.

(4 CO

c

4J 0)

3 iJ

to

en

O C

* to

u

Pn 01

T3

OJ

3
C
•H
•U

C

o
o

o

c*1

0

n

u

a.

c

4_t

■H

c

flj

ai

l-i

cc

t->

i-t 3

cd

- w C

o

C r-i

u

to to at

O

(fl rH

00

at eg aa

60 B >--

JZ

rH O

CO

a. e

O

01 » JC

M

> -

(A Ul 1/1

0)

f-n en

10

U -H

*a

■-t *j

-o

01 U-i

c

0 u

OJ

f"|

*■ .a

OJ

jz qj

0)

CS

4J 3 *

u

3 tn

CO

ON

- I ■ r

a)

^

(0

M

03

^

J3 K

U (0

(0

nd

CO

-a

(0

00

CO OJ
3 00

3

0)

-^

at

3

.—1

01

CO

at

k> TJ

t-H

3

3

3 -~

rH

u w

U 01

0

TJ

TJ CO

o

C o

(0

a

C ^

c cs

B

0J -H

O en

0

O ON

■— < u

CO »

p. cs

S

&'-•

tH

P. cd

jd -a

(0

O^

•H

3

« at

IJ

» 4J

§

D"

3 at

U

10

(0

CO c

• co

-< 3

01

0) i->

oi at

(0

CO

w -u

\D

10

00 c

00 CO

00 u

o c

CM

c

T3 0)

0

TD w

o at

e o

on

-H

0) PS

3

at

J- c

a

~*

(/) ^

CO •-*

E

<4-l U
O

u

<r

o

rH

C

i-t

•• ^s

H

3

.-H T>

§ c

0)
CO

§

U CO
C CM

§

c cs

CO C

B (d

H 03

■H

CO w

-H

cd w

to

C -H

C

t-H

c

CO

cfl a

cfl

a t-

CTJ

a t->

ca

sm?

at

a)

S

JZ JZ

S^S B*«

r«.

iM>

S*S JZ

fr-e

s>2 .n

•H

01 CO

m r-

cs

O

o -w

o

o *->

c

•H 3

— I CO

* —

ON o

en

r» O

fl

IH U

T3

0)
3
C
•H
4-1

c
o
a

CO

C
QJ

a

159

■H TJ

-H "O

■H

■o

_] 3

J 3

J

3

< *

< >-

< *-

0) nO

01 sO

0)

vO

3 • r-

3 • r»

3

. r-

H ua

^H U On

H

*j on

oa co — t

DQ HI -+

CO

A -<

: z w

= Z ^

£

Z *-'

-1

3

O

-J

a —i
^ s

M

s~*

en

ON

3

m

ON

t-t

o

c

B

T3
0)

3
C

X)

(1)

3
C

- u
" B

—

U

CO

-J.

E

•H

C

Ul

CO

a>

N

,---J

XI

On

U

u

OJJ ^

•H <H

CO -

to

i*-- D.

4J CJ

- 3

(A (A

CO .-H

■-H U

2-S

*J >H

•-t -H

C O

ffl U

1 §

o

CO S

« 0)

a *

a*

01 TJ

01

o to

*j at

u u

Ul

(j a)

•H o

■H <K

<j U

*J 0)

CO O

(0 T3

CO en

c c

3 C

•■ U)

*H O

O" -H

01 4J

ON -*

[fl

~h

^•H

•-i

U-l

*->

U

>s

c

'J)

CO

Q)

s-a.

J)

01 ON

r-

o

a

QJ — .

01

at

*J

a

■H 4J

u

4-1

u

*J c

at

c

H

a. at

to

at

X

at dq

c

pa

U

l- *-*

•H

>-'

10

^-^

w

NO

u

CM

at

Oi

CO

e

■H

4-1

c

*

HI

at cs
c —

o
u

60 U

c
o
u

•H

C
a.

01 im

V- —I

<

160

0! 01

C U

O C

in «

a -a

oi c

3

O

-1

« a
a

CO 10

a g

'H 4J

en e

U ffl

en t^J

M — <

a* ••> c
ai m in
w rt pa

>> 4-1

<-i (fl r-.

u u a rH

.- <u

X PQ

>

en r^

(N

O CT\

o
y

Lfi

a»

u

CM

CD

CTi

TJ

-H

a

4J

tn

c

0)

3

C

4-1

c
o

CJ

o-)

■a

c

QJ

<

CD .-1

Oh ^H

161

M
U

a
I

3 . r~ 3 . r-

pa to -* oQ to — '
r z -^ t z w

> O

o
I

I

5

i

3

u

01

O <-N

01

I

-J 00

i

^ c

j

■H

►J

• T)

*J 0)

a. o»

>s

01 t-i

2

u

en xj
l i

o
1

(A

O *~*

P

B r*

rg

O r-

r-t £JN

3 CM

1*.

01

« C

.C W

01

W C

* CP

O 0)

U) w

T3

0)

3
C

e

o
u

XI

s

d

w

d
o
u

•

Efl

1

a

L.

C

x:

3

U3

£

k-

u

CT3

>-.

e

03

01

U-t

o

>.

tfl

•a

DO

0)

W 4-1

O 3

1£

CM
^^

CO

v^>

T3

d
ai

a

0£ «"
CO -H
•H 3

162

2

I
U

I

w -a

4J u

(J -H

01 XI

iJ R] y^

•H

01 01

ca

cn aa

c

c *-*

00

c

T)

e

CO ro

CO

-J. 1-

00 00

(A

ot

M

01

01

T3 E

T3

1-. o

■H

■h en

a.

J3

CO

» en

QJ

x: -o

5

W CD

0

-H 0)

w

u-i cn

■•

ft *

CO

<n «

4-1

C 4-1

e
m

cn c

C <9

J- -H

a> «

d) cn

•v u

s- j->

i-t oo

60 u

a

0)

cn *

- n

cn

cn c

- t)

T> -H

cn oi

0)

4J a)

ot >.

U cn

cn «h

0)

4-1

cn -o

*o cn

C 01

QJ O

•H 01

-■ s

-a

OJ
3
C
•H
■U

c

O
O

T3

3
C
•H
4-1

C

o

o jz o

H 0 (Ji

r*» es

4-1

<£

c

O*

fCj

■— «

P.

*J

C

9^

cu

CM

cc

CT\

*-*"

CM

v£>

T3

C

•H U

163

r- — • cm

. © r* r».

ii o »<r

k — ~. —

>.

c

0>

U

01

i

Eg

E

3

i

el

O -H

a

>■.

eo

j

3 il

c w

3
c

1

3 C

•H

c

■H

•H

e

•H C

j>

c

1-

M

o>

■O -H

■o

0

T3 O

u.

c

§

X

C .0

i

D 60

3

0 C

o

M

O OO'-v

c

l- -H

-Ci

Ui

c

.O

1 9 <T

a

1 *-l

•<r

a

<r

•->

co e

r*

M

o

r--

1-. o r-

CT>

nl

>>(T

CO >. <T>

c

01

01

01 — '

•H

^ •*

>.

>. •-

en

u

Hi Qi

&

01

01

&

01 01 M

T)

> x:

0)

>

£

01

> £ 0>

01

•H 4-»

3

■H

4-1

3

•H 4J 5

01

U CO

O

4J

CO

0

w il 0

u

O QJ

~J

U

01

J

U CI J

CO

< 3

w

<:

3

w

< 3 w

'8

u >

u o
< z

o\

c ^

■H xi

-j

&

en r~

£ ON

01

4J — *

§

M

J

XI I.

01

T> 3

C O

c

3 J

a

O w

-i

M

i

1 00

^ c

u

CO -rf

01

01 b

Q

>. a

en

en

01

•a

> >.

01

•H ^

01

4-> 1-

b

u a

to

< u

a

13

a

c
o
u

43 t

0)
3

c

•H
4J

c
o
u

X
•H
T3

C

a
<

1

01

o

164

S

•o

C

3
j

X CM

C —

o

8

<U

-a

3

rH
O

a

o
u

^~ '

X
•H

■a

e

0)

a.

165

Appendix 6.3(22). Representative benthic invertebrates described for the
Fresh Marsh Habitat in coastal southeastern Louisiana (Thomas 1976) .

Phylum: Annelida

Class: Hirudinea (leeches)
Family: Hirudidae

Macrobdella ditetra (Moore)
Family: Glossiphoniidae
Placobdella sp.

Phylum: Mollusca

Family: Ancylidae (limpets)

Laevapex sp.
Family: Bythinidae (snails)

Pomatopyrgus sp.
Family: Lymnaeidae (pond snails)

Pseudosuccinea sp .
Family: Physidae (pouch snails)

Physa sp.
Family: Planorbidae (orb snails)

Heliosoma sp.

Gyraulus sp.
Family: Viviparidae (large snails)

Viviparus sp.
Family: Sphaeriidae (fingernail clams)

Sphaerium sp.
Family: Unionidae (clams)

Anodonta grand is (Soy")

Anodonta imbecillus (Soy)

Villosa lienosa

Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Crustacea
Family: Balanidae (barnacles)

Balanus sp.
Order: Isopoda (aquatic sow bugs)
Family: Asellidae

Asellus sp .
Order: Amphipoda (scuds, sideswinners)
Family: Amphithoidae

Cymadusa compta (Smith)
Family: Gammaridae

Crangonyx gracilis

Gammarus f asciatus
Family: Talitridae

Hyalella azteca ( Saussure)
Order: Decapoda
Family: Cambaridae

Cambarellus shufeldtii (Faxon) (small crayfish)

Orconectes lancifer (Hagen) (crawfish)

Procambarus clarkii (Girard) (swamp crawfish)

Phylum: Bryozoa (moss animalcules)
Family: Lophopodidae

Pectinatella magnifica (Leidy)

166

Appendix 6.3(23). Shrubs and other plants in the Swamp
Forest Habitat (Conner 1975).

SHRUBS

Cephalanthus occidental is
Cornus drummondii
Forestiera acuminata
I tea virginica
Myrica cerifera
Persea palustris
Styrax americana
Styrax grandifolia

COMMON NAME

Buttonbush
Roughleaf dogwood
Swamp privet
Virginia wil low
Wax myrtle
Swampbay

American snowbell
Bigleaf snowbell

OTHER PLANTS

Alternanthera philoxeroides
Cabomba carol iniana
CeratophyTlum demersum
Col I ocas i a antiquorum
Crinum americanum
Egeria densa
Eichornia crass ipes
Equisetum sp.
Hydrocotyle umbel! ata
_H. verticil! ata
Hymenocallis eulae
_H. occidentalis
J uncus effusus
Lemna minor
Limnobium sponqia
Lobelia cardinal is
Mayaca aubletii
Micranthemum umbrosum
Myriophyllum brasiliense
Osmunda regalis
Panicum hemitomon
Phragmites communis
Pistia stratiotes
Polygonum punctatum
Polypodium polypodioides
Pontederia cordata
Sagittaria falcata
i>. lancifolia
Saururus cernuus

Sorghum halepense
Spiranthes cernua
Tillandsia usneoides

All igatorweed

Fanwort

Coontail

Elephant's ear

Swamp lily

Elodea

Water-hyacinth

Horsetail

Water pennywort

Marsh pennywort

Spider lily (summer-blooming)

Spider lily

Common rush

Duckweed

Frog's bit

Cardinal flower

Mayaca

Shade mudflower

Parrot's feather

Royal fern

Maidencane

Roseaucane (common seed)

Water lettuce

Smartweed

Tree fern

Pickerel weed

Bulltongue

Delta potato

Lizard's tail

Johnson grass

Nodding ladies tresses

Spanish moss

167

x:

u

c

•H

>

4-1

U* -H

CO

o >

4J

01 4J

•H

X

at

co

a. u

re

0

4-1

C a
o c

w

« tu

a)

<o -a

OJ c

o

.9

Pm

<

P.

|

ttj

is

w

<D

X

4-1

H-l

0

CO

QJ

•

•H

c

a

•H

<u

CO

CX i-l

U)

fx,

a)

M

*j

OJ

CO

•H

l-i

C

c

XI

a)

0

0)

x

4-1

u

m

a)

>

Q)

>

•--4

4J

CO

4J

c

0)

w

a)

u

a

<u

OS

•

•-\

<r

CM

0)
C

c
o

•J

CO

e

168

X .

£3

1 1

(N

■a

r^.

•a *o

c

cr.

QJ 01

cc

u C

01

OJ c

k.

c

OJ

60 u

u

QJ

CO

C q

TJ

c

01

(0 <j

■*x.

TO

<u

T3 *j

r-

0

K

LU H

O

>

4-1
O >

» CTl

/-N CSJ

« — <

e^ in

4J

\£i CT>

U Jd

0) (J

Cr-

0) OJ

■-" u

c u

w u

•H XI

a

(0

c o

-x:

0 w

J= u

■H

tfl w

h •-*

•H

M s-s

«4H (A

co cm

»

x> c

M CN

r &

OJ flj

oj in

w S

*J rH

x: o

T3 -H

^ a

ii ■— •

>- i-

QJ

o

■H JZ

> -

u

XI 01

* l-l

H fr?

CO CO

o

OJ CO

OJ o

U) 10

x: •

J^ ^

i— 1 0J

w r^

CO

co h

O w

C CO

^ ^

O C-4

m

0 On

•a

a i-

cu

3

u
• m

•H

^ ^

■U

•— <

e

O CO

o

-J 00

o

i

(A <J

.* -h

o> X

3

X)
01

3
C

»4-l -

• K

X W

m xi

CO <u

en oj

W CO

*— ' <M

o u

M

J*

x: oj

6-S CO

CO >

~- 2

•H C

vO B

«-t 1-t

c
o
o

^O

•a

c

0)

a
ex
<

<u| (0

169

5

i a*

1-3 «

O

a—.

•H £

.e o>
a -H

-H U

^H QJ

(TJ w

fl w

a

a

•H fH

c g

C <3

u a

•a

3
C

c
o
u

a c
a

Q) ,-v

.*

in ~-

-O \Q

CO

*u

-H -tf

c

l- 4J

Q. (Jv

Ifl

■H JZ

M -H

Xt 60

•H

* J=

a

* k*

A U

e*>

!0 3

ol

o

•o

h

r*.

U TJ

0» to

IH

m

(5 C

a w

O

N (0

T3
0)
3
C

•H

C u
> 3

3 -a

C

o
o

o-

CM

vD
X

•H
T3

(3
QJ

a.

<

« -H

fil

c

01

u

o

.*

(0

w

V

«

M

u

i

<U

•H

(0

TJ

IJ

h

u

d

01

cd

c

u

QJ

■

•a

*H

(A

»H

(Q

JmI

C

O

4-»

a>

a

to

0

a

(0

^

u

.o

Li

00

T3

O

■*?

1

u

h

n)

£->

01

0)

0)

0

0

0

•§

u

-C

u

•H

E

3

a

o»

oo

■H

o

—

pi

|

u

H

a

3

170

■5 3

2 3

3 (0

CO 03

3 s

X B

3 S

X

£

w *T3

■a

w -o

0)

■ 01

0>

• -C

*-> x:

• x:

*-* (fl

(x «

oc en

U -H

at -h

3 -H

O ^H

w .-i

< i-t

1 X!

1 XI

1 X)

• 3

• 3

• 3

n a

*- a

i- a.

nj c

eg c

CL c

3E 3

£ 3

< 3

3 ir,
xi cr.
3 — '

a

•H

en \o
•h r^

00 XI

o a>

u se

ao xi

O 0)

u x

00 r-
O in
u (T-

c
o
u

<D
3
C
•H
■U

d

o
u

03 —
worn

a u a-

u x:

u 3

OJ 60

0)

CO -H

CO T3

C l-i

c c

O -H

3

U 4-1

S 00

m

vO

X

•H

•a

ci
a)
a

(X

<

171

-J 3

u

o

0

0

tn

c/>

4J

u

(0

CO

■H

■u

•H

■a

J

^

J

3

<

< -^

0)

%o

HI

vO

3

r*-

3

• r-

u

o>

4J on

ca

M

pa

co — •

=

z

^

2 w

>

~j

■H

a

>

•H

in

U

^

'J

(0

<

Q>

£X

t-

0

rt

<u

c

u

o

c

CO

«

id

T3

tu

c

VI

3

.a

<

&

OJ
3
o

3

o

3

o

l-l .*-*

?N\£)

<o no

rt CM

N CN

sn a-

■H CT*

u —<

•> 4J

* 4J

CO C

CO C

4-> 01

DO QJ

U 0Q

E to ~

■H MO
C O -<

•> u

■h ra

• vo

.c to

6

tn cm

[/} 00

U 0\

rt -H

0) ■-(

U ^H

H-. tH

C rH

0J

>>.H

co co

CO 4-1

CO «

<u S

c c

U

<j en

-H 0)

o *a

(0

CQ

c

4-1 •»

- rO

en en

D-

3 T)

6 in

OJ
D
C
•H
4-1

c
o
o

* c

*

X

en to

CO

l^t rH

u

o> a.

01

CO

H

■H

bC

01 vO
> CN

CO N
O -H
S -H

j= a

<^o

-C ^

S CO

CO C

to CO

» fSI

to CO

en n

C 0)

•H

.£ ON

•H C

tn gq

l*-t »

to -*

«*-i to

to

•r-(

a

r-t QJ

4-1 4-1

6 -H

CO CO

-H ^i

>> c

•H .-H

•H i-i

00 00

.c

^^

tn

\D

■H

n

<4-i

ON

T-i

4-1

CO

c

i

01

CO

pq

w c

U flj

T3
OJ
3
C
■H
4J
C
O
U

c
o
n

tn

to

0)

•o

.c

kl

u

n

OJ

N

0)

P-H

t-H

A

•

CO

(0

00

BO

CN

•H

•a

C

OJ

ex

=1 &

o
o

3

172

o

0

r w

V)

w

4->

u •

a

■h *o

t4

TJ

J 3

hJ

3

<

< ^

u

^>

V

«0

3 •

r-.

3

• r-»

■H 4-1

ov

<-i

*J c*

PQ (0

PQ

n) ->

= z

s-'

Z ^

i

01

&

0)

3

oj

3

o

9

O

-J

o

hJ

J

4J

~

C

a

u

3

a)

CO

I

1

O
U
1

*

CO O

to

tj n

4J /-N

at *j

U *£>

<u en

(U CM

en a\

CO

32

c -•

3

C a

-H

H

0

4-1

(/]

a. -

* c

ui

-C 0J

\D

• 4-1

CO PQ

CO

CM

CO u

•H ^

C

0

TJ 0t

U-l

cd

■— i

at w

o

T3

0)
3
C
•H

4J

c
o
o

•H 4-1

0) 0)

01 ifl ,-.

•H 3

-C w

to m

§ S!

u C

to S-S CM

B C

O >H

fl] O CT\

0 -

oo

J= CO

0> 05

■■ 4J

CO &o

i-l J)

■ 4-1 C

■H 0

*« u

•■a

(0 CO 01

oi nj cq

&*"

- c

OCBv

CO

X CO

tj

In T3

CO

ai » .c

U £

■H rH

CO (0 CO

<fl

4H rH

1- -H

>s (fl

at 4-<

a -c

co a

*■ ji

B CO

U CO

4-1 3 -

C -H

u

C 4J 0)

O 4-1

(fl J4

3

>N CO

■H » CO

JS rH

■H ^H

a to 3

4J iH

4-1 -H

T3 — 1

& §

(0 CO

&^ 01 rH

2 C

o ai o

01 (fl

S CO

ey 3 S

C CO rH

Cfl 0) 4H 4-»

on at

rH U)

01

*&

rH

QJ

■

P

CO
60

C

3

•H

rH

4J

CO

0

*

O

CO y-N
4-1 v£)

CJ

(J CM

01 C*

ffl -*

3 -

J= ID
4J T3

CM

vO

•a
c
<u
a.

<3

2 2

173

-J 3

< ^

O C

U) (Tl

IS T3

w 3

oo^

O0--v

C fl

c nj

•H *J

•H >J

u r-.

w e'-

w &

en o

u ~-

o —

c

C

..&

..&

T3 01

-a oj

C 3

i g

3 0

O J

O J

U w

t< ^-'

l-i •

t- •

CO u

ctj C

oi a

a> co

> <

>• ->

u
u

aj

3

3 ai

XI

D

C

c
o
u

at on

T3 — <

» U

T3
0)

3
C

O ^-t
3

>S *

t-i •• — ■

CO 0)

J= w

>H 03

H fl U

4J C

u 01

i-i 00
CO O

•a e s

CO CO

O M

■H CO DQ

o
u

-d-

T3
C
OJ

a-

0) ^H

Ol CO

174

;* -^

pq n -*

C u
o c

&

£T

111

0)

g

S

1/1 3

00 a*

O —i

e^s

n

CM

CTN

CM

~+

.*.

4-1

10

c

CD

QJ

-o

pa

•H D

l-l <4-l

4-1 o>

T3

\0 m

T)

o\

en

■H

<y>

3

^

(t

4-»

a

B

cd

a>

(0

o3

4-1

en

X

4-1

a

u

w

CN

u

sr

01

o>

XI

•H

a.

tj

to

c

01 &o
to
c *

C to

C

i-.

C C

■H 0

U

•h m

S

01

J3

pq

iH «■

,1)

-o

<H CO

§ s

§

c

crj

exj -o
B ai

T-t ct

T-(

■H 01

C -H

c

CO

G CO

m a

a

4-1

ed

•H

0)

fi^« B-S

s^s

3

&-« B

kD <T

<r

M

r- o

r~~ cvj

CT>

l4H

a> co

CO

CN|

M

sr

u

&

T3

■H

a

u

CO

e

01

en

CO

<•*

-a

3

C

c
o
u

a
o
u

sf

CNI

vO

U ^H

■a
c
<u
a
a.
<

175

ij

8

01

&

1

3

(U

IJ

o

3

a

_J

0

OJ

J

Crt

w

00

>>

>*

3
<

1

1

1

01

g

-1

*

i

i

a>

O)
3

3 — -

O r-t

C in

«

O

T> <~*

3

O e*i

D. m

.— <

cfl ON

H

X)
0)
3
C
•H
4J

c
o

0

3

e

c
o

•h in
0 ^
B —

g

c

a.

176

E

3

3
O

a»

g

-a

3

01 ai

l-i

■^—

CO CQ

to

c ^

a>

t-

CO

- CT»

0)

• iJ

U) -T

4-1

(0 -H

J- CJN

c

.* 3

0) — >

CO l-i

-a

3

3 t4-(

•H U

a. c

■H T)

CO 0)

to

tH

CO 00

.—t ..

«

C -tf

(0 4J

B

(0 o>

s c

■H

•H CO

c

J2

C -H

Q

•H 4J

co a

C 0)

fr« 3^S

m

S CO

o o

•X)

CO w

••* \D

at at

co ^

« s~*

CX J3

CT.

00 ON

■H

*- -*

3 *J

at <Ti

J3 CTs

r-t in

JS -«

3 ~*

•d H

*-»

O

■H 4-i

•H 0)

■■-( 0)

(X C

a-H

a -h

en co

[fl t-

CO u

M

u

* a.

* 01

- o,

co

en j3

CO ^3

w ^

4-1

U ^D

o *o

O TD

QJ CO

Oi c

at c

6

* cy«

•H

CO •"-"

C

oo

CO

a *j

xi c

3 QJ

-a-

O CO

vO

CO •— '

o

at

in

e
o

ON

CO

CO

u

„

4-1

c

•a

at

en

at

ai

•o

4-1

CQ

3

in

u

a.

at

CO

CO

CO

•H

c

01

•U

o

■H

*tf

CO

m

M

c

4-1

ON

>-.

U

O

o>

U

01

at

4J

J3

O

CO

CO

&

C

c

o

-o

at

1

c

at

09

X

3

O

CO

J

to

CO

4-1

§

■H

3

CO

1-t

3

T-4

M

01

c

U

c

<4-<

to

H-i

CO

■3

1-

&*?

-a

e-s

01

o

c

00

•H

a

o
u

•H

a

a
a

<

I 3

U .-I

177

>

4-1

14-. -H
O >

eg
g

8

o

W] O

o

en m

*-» u*>

oi in

4-1 a\

U On

0 ON

qj —.

O —

D

tfl

01

U 4-1

C 4-1

u

**H C

■H C

* u

01

(U

en at

TJ CQ

^ ea

*-* pa

4-1 U

w at

o JD

c
o

0

a =

c •«

(U

a

•H
4J

c
o
u

SO -H
CO 3

CM

3 t- oo

T3

g

178

CO

- u

« GO

■o u

O 00

i

-J

01

0) X-N

T> ^

"O CN

H fj

•H «sT

q. ^r

&.o>

to o>

tn — «

U

s^

0)

XI

-a

i--

•H

a

>n

W

0)

to B

rf) .£i
S

T3

0)
3
C
■H

0) to

at

(/} M

a -a --n

to

T3 01

C ^ ^£>

e

I-" J3

-4 -H ~*

•H

J3 0\

J3 -

— ■*

U

-i Ifl 4J

.-H

.'3

gee

§

c u

d m ai

(fl 4-1

H -H DQ

■H

2 J3 w

C

j3 •

fl -H

«

■h tn

X *->

-C e

-e a cn

D-«

a (0

n) 00

* C <T

cn tn <Ti

01

l-l

T3

<u *

01

OJ

*a oi 4_>

•a

P

■H oo c

■H

a o a)

a

G

« U PQ

01

-H

l*-| N-'

- a>

„

U

m m u

tn

o

■U 1-. tfl

u t-t n

0

00

ai S

0>

-*

o

tfl •

en

o*>

C tn *

C

•H T3 0)

t-i 0)

4-1

(0 -i-i

c

■■ N i-

ai

f-H -H l-i

CO.

8 -J!

m

s

-H

01

C oi *

e

OJ

CO r-i [fl

nj

•H T3

u

e^s to o*

fr^

u

e
o
u

n

vO

X
•H

•a
c
u

G *-» i— (

179

§01

■H S

•H £0

-H S-S

•H f-l O.

V< r-

J-* nj «

*?.

B to ^

» J= ^

. . c

U5 10 00

CO CO -H

tJ -H lA

M qj nJ

Q) H-i o*n

01 H h

XI — '

■C -H t>0

•H *H

•H *J -~*

a -h 4-i

a a ao

m <d c

6 OJ

« 0) •• u-i

l-i i-> 0*>

•> » CO.

c ^

o oo a c

m w a o

1 El %

T3
0)
3
(3

4J

a
o
o

3
C

&-! W. t- 0)

c
o
u

-3-

X

•H

-a

e

a,
a

<

o

(0
M

180

■a o

C r-

n o >,

3
O

J

I
►J

c

-1
C

X

^-s

■U

-O

(8

«*

0)

r^

3

C7N

e

Er

:*

u

3

c

0

■H

J

^

C

00

3

c

0

■H

4-1 0>

B i

§7

0)

A

£

•3

(J

r>-

4

CTN

ai

3

B

a

3

3

O

J

C

*-'

3

> 0)

■rt 3

s

rH

a

T3

aj

c
o

u

-a
<u

3

e

•H

•u

e
o
u

CM

n

■H

d
a>
a
a

i-i u

§ -2

181

£ &

XI

0)

3

o

-o

J

c

3

0

u

oil

1

3

u

<

™

1

(U

>■

X) r»

33

00 >.

C U

■H QJ

oi o

3 01

oi

O 3

oi ^

u o

M J3

1 -J

XI <T

h w

r^

a

73 a\

01 u

c —

>> a>

n

?>

cu |

01 »-

> 9

> eg

•H CO

■H J

4J

u o

4-1 *«]

11

U ^

1) U C C

> 01 0) Oi

•H <-> -OS

4J C -HO

U i-l X-4

<: 9 — —

DC

§
O

01

XI
CD

3
C

a

01 ^~.
O -T

as

.2 &

c

o
o

XI

1

g

CM

v— '
CO

•

vO

X

•H
XI

8

a,

M

0

X

u

X

c

o

I §

182

o a*

XI

r-
<*

U

r^

«

ct>

0)

**

Er

c:

&

1

•H

Of

x:

8

J

4J

U ^.

J

•H .fi

w

H

.£> -3-

5 §

t-H

3 3

1 0

C

TJ J

'rf

3~

0)

00

•o

W c

V

<U -H

«

4-t t-l

1 s-

01

•a ^

o XI

X>
<U
XI
3
H
O

c
o
u

a) 3

>*!-•*.

Rl

(Jl

u

o

ft

c

(0

CD

0

J

tt

r*

CO

On

H

<D

»-

>

M

b

*»i

QJ

3

3

cr

0

CM

en

XI

e

0)

a
3

183

Appendix 6.3(25). Macroinvertebrates identified in the Swamp Forest Habitat of
coastal southeastern Louisiana (Thomas 1975, Lafourche Parish; Zizer 1975,
Ascension Parish; Louten and Bouchard 1976, Lafourche Parish).

Phylum Coelenterata
Class Hydrozoa

Family Hydridae
Hydra spp.

Phylum Platyhelminthes

Class Turbellaria (flatworms)
Family Planar iidae

Dugesia sp.
Family Macro stomidae

Macrostomum sp.
Family Typhloplanidae
Mesostoma sp.

Phylum Ectoprocta (Bryozoa)
Class Phylactolaemata

Family Plumatellidae
Fredericella sp.

Phylum Annelida

Class Oligochaeta (earthworms)
Family Naididae
Dero spp.
Aulophorus spp.
Prist ina spp.
Nais spp.
Class Hirudinea (leeches)
Family Glossiphoniidae
Helobdella fusca
Helobdella lineata
Placobdella papillifera
Placobdella parasitica

Phylum Mollusca

Class Gastropoda

Family Ancylidae (limpets)

Ferrissia sp.
Family Lymnaeidae (pond snails)

Lymnaea sp.
Family Physidae (pouch snails)

Physa sp.
Family Planorbidae (orb snails)

Heliosoma anceps

Gyraulus sp .

Promenetus sp.
Family Amnicolidae
Family Viviparidae

Viviparus sp.

continued

184

Appendix 6.3(25). Continued

Class Pelecypoda (bivalves)

Family Sphaeridae (fingernail clams, seed shells)
Pisidium sp.
Musculium sp.

Phylum Arthropoda

Class Arachnoidea

Order Hydracarina (water mites)
Family Hydrachnidae

Hydrachna sp.
Family Limnesiidae

Limnesia sp.
Family Unionicolidae

Koenikea sp.

Neumania sp.

Unionicola sp.
Family Pionidae

Piona sp.
Family Arrenuridae

Arrenurus sdd.

Class Crustacea

Order Isopoda (aquatic sow bugs)
Family Asellidae

Asellus militaris
Order Amphipoda (scuds, sideswimmers)
Family Talitridae
Hyalella azteca
Order Decapoda

Family Astacidae

Cambarellus shutfeldti
Procambarus clarkii (swamp crawfish)
Family Portunidae

Callinectes sapidus (blue crab) (rare)
Family Palaemonidae

Palaemonetes paludosus

Class Insecta

Order Ephemeroptera (mayflies)
Family Caenidae

Caenis diminuta

Caenis sp.
Family Baetidae

Callibaetis sp.
Order Odonata (dragonflies, damselflies)
Family Gomphidae

Aphylla williamsoni
Family Aeschnidae

Nasiaeschna pentacantha

Anax Junius

Coryphaeschna ingens

Epiaeschna heros

continued
185

Appendix 6.3(25). Continued

Family Libellulidae

Perithemis tenera

Pachydiplax longipennis

Erythemis simolicicollis

Erhthrodiplax minuscula

Erythrodiplax berenice

Cannacria gravida

Celithemis eponina

Libellula incesta

Libellula needhami

Libellula vibrans

Trames lacerata

Trames onusta

Pantala flavescens

Pantala hymen ea
Family Lestidae

Lestes sp.
Family Coenagrionidae

Enallagma signatum

Ischnura prognatha

Ischnura rambur

Anomalagrion hastatum
Order Orthoptera

Family Tridactylidae (pygmy sand crickets)

Tridactylus sp.
Order Hemiptera (true bugs)

Family Corixidae (water boatmen)
Family Notonectidae (back swimmers)

Buenoa elegans

Buenoa scimitra

Notonecta undulata

Notonecta uhleri
Family Pleidae (pygmy backswimmers)

Plea striola
Family Naucoridae (creeping water bugs)

Pelocoris f emoratus
Family Belostomatidae (giant water bugs)

Belostoma fusciventre

Belostoma bakeri

Belostoma flumineum

Belostoma lutarium

Belostonia testaceum

Lethocerus griseus

Lethocerus uhleri
Family Nepidae (water scorpions)

Curicta drakei

Ranatra buenoi

Ranatra nigra

Ranatra australis
Family Gerridae (water striders, pond skaters)

Trepobates sp.

Rheumatobates hungerfordi

Gerris canaliculatus

Gerris marginatus
Limnogonus hesione

continued
186

Appendix 6.3(25). Continued

Family Veliidae (broad-shouldered water striders)

Velia watsoni

Velia brachialis

Microvelia hinei
Family Hydrometridae (marsh treaders)

Hydrometra martini

Hydrometra australis spp.

Hydrometra hunger ford i
Family Hebridae (velvet water bugs)

Hebrus sp.
Family Mesoveliidae (water treaders)

Mesovelia mulsanti bisignata

Mesovelia amoena
Family Saldidae (shore bugs)

Saldula sp.
Order Coleoptera (beetles)

Family Haliplidae (crawling water beetles)

Peltodytes sexmaculatus

Peltodytes dunavani

Peltodytes sp.
Family Coccinellidae

Pent ilia misella

Scymnus (Pullus) securus

Scymnus creperus

Scymnus socer

Scymnus bigemmens

Coccinella borealis

Coccinella stigma

Coccinella connectens

Coccinella seriata

Naemia fuscilabris

Coccinella 9-notata

Coccinella 20-maculata

Scymnus lophanthae

Psyllobora renifer

Psyllobora parinotata
Family Carabidae
Family Ciccindellidae

Cicindella trifasciata
Family Gyrinidae (whirligig beetles)

Gyrinus anal is

Dineutus carolinus

Dineutus sp.
Family Noteridae (diving beetles)

Colpius inf latus

Suphisellus bicolor

Hydrocanthus sp.
Family Cytiscidae (predaceous diving beetles)

Celina slossoni

Hydrovatus sp.

Desmopachria grana

Bidessonotus inconspicuous

Bidessus granarius

continued
187

Appendix 6.3(25) . Continued

Hydroporous carolinus

Hydroporous sp.

Laccophilus gentilis gent il is

Laccophilus fasciatus rufus

Matus ovatus

Coptotomus interrogatus obscurus

Hydaticus bimarginatus

Thermonectus basillaris

Cybistor f imbriolatus

Agabus sp.
Family Hydrophilidae (water scavenger beetles)

Neohydrophilus castus

Dibolocelus ovatus

Tropisternus striolatus

Tropisternus lateralis nimbatus

Tropisternus blatchleyi

Berosus infuscatus

Derallus sp.

Enochrus sp.

Helochares maculicollis
Family Helodidae

Scirtes sp.
Order Megaloptera

Family Corydalidae

Chauloides sp. (fishflies)
Order Trichoptera (caddis flies)
Family Leptoceridae

Oecetis sp.

Oecetis inconspicua

Trianodes sp.
Family Psychomyiidae

Cyrnellus fraternus
Order Lepidoptera

Family Pyralididae (aquatic caterpillars)

Nymphula sp.

Cataclysta sp .
Order Diptera

Family Tipulidae (true crane flies)

Tipula sp .

(mosquitoes)
(phantom midges)

Prionocera sp,
Family Culicidae

Anopheles sp.

Chaoborus sp.

Culex sp.

Uranotaenia sp.

Aedes sp.
Family Chironomidae (Tendipedidae) (midges)

Pentaneura spp.

Tanytarsus sp.

Chironomus spp .

Cricotopus spp .

continued

188

Appendix 6.3(25). Concluded

Family Ceratopogonidae (biting midges)

Culicoides sp.

Palpomyia tibialis

Palpomyia sp.

Bezzia sp.
Family Stratiomyidae (soldier flies)

Stratiomys sp.

Eulalia sp.

Odontomyia sp .
Family Ephydridae (shore flies)
Family Tabanidae (horseflies)

Tabanus sp.

189

Appendix 6.3(26). Generalized aquatic food web. Major sources of food
originating within the water are phytoplankton (1) and benthic plants
(2) . This is supplemented by organic detritus input from adjacent habi-
tats (3). Most of this organic production enters the aquatic detrital
system (4) . The lettered hexagonal symbols represent consumers differen-
tiated by the items they feed on (as indicated by arrows). Listed are
consumer species represented by each lettered hexagonal symbol (Darnell
1961, Day et al. 1973, Bahr and Hebrard 1976, Loesch 1976).

Phytoplankton
1

3 Emergent
Producers
(Outside of
Habitat)

2 Benthic
Flora
(Vascular Plants
and Algae

^^ ORGANIC

DETRITUS-BACTERIA
COMPLEX

continued
190

Appendix 6.3(26). Concluded.

Gulf menhaden (juvenile)

Threadfin shad (juvenile)

Sand seatrout (juvenile)

D

Marsh clam or rangia (adult)

Gulf menhaden (adult)

Bay anchovy (juvenile and adult)
Atlantic croaker (young-of-the-year)

Gulf menhaden (juvenile)

Striped mullet (juvenile and adult)

Largemouth bass (adult)
Black drum (juvenile)
Red drum (adult)
Silver perch (adult)
Spotted gar (adult)
Alligator gar (adult)
Yellow bass (adult)
Speckled trout (adult)

American alligator (adult)
Snapping turtle (adult)
Mississippi mud turtle (adult)
Red-eared turtle (juvenile and adult)
Graham's water snake (adult)
Western ribbon snake (adult)
Other snakes and turtles

Eared grebe (adult)

Great blue heron (adult)

Little blue heron (adult)

Green heron (adult)

Great egret (adult)

Snowy egret (adult)

Glossy ibis (adult)

White ibis (adult)

King rail (adult)

Clapper rail (adult)

Belted kingfisher (adult)

Fish crow (adult)

Black duck (adult)

Other ducks, gulls, terns and

wading birds

191

C5 (continued)

Common muskrat (adult)
Northern raccoon (adult)
North American mink (adult)
Nearctic river otter (adult)

H

Blue crab (juvenile and adult)

Sea catfish or hardhead

(juvenile and adult)
Freshwater frum (juvenile)
Blue catfish (adult)

Brown snake (adult)
Garter snake (adult)

Pied-billed grebe (adult)
Least bittern (adult)
Northern shoveler (adult)
Hooded merganser (adult)
Virginia rail (adult)
Sora (adult)
American avocet (adult)
Western sandpiper (adult)
Solitary sandpiper (adult)
Wilson's phalarope (adult)
Common snipe (adult)
Dunlin (adult)
Piping plover (adult)
Killdeer (adult)
Other shorebirds

White shrimp (juvenile)
Freshwater prawn (adult)

Gizzard shad (adult)

Hogchoker (adult)

Pinfish (juvenile)

Spot (juvenile and adult)

Tidewater silversides (adult)

Atlantic croaker (juvenile and adult)

Channel catfish (juvenile)

Blue catfish (juvenile)

Southern painted turtle
(juvenile and adult)

Sheepshead (adult)
Pinfish (adult)

American coot (adult)

Canada goose (adult)
Seaside sparrow (adult)

Nutria (adult)

Appendix 6.3(27). A taxonomic listing of zooplankton identified in the Near-
shore Gulf Habitat off southeastern Louisiana (Bouchard and Turner 1976).

Protozoa

Dinoflagellida

Coelenterata
Hydrozoa

Ctenophora

Rotifera

Mo llus ca

Pelecypoda (larvae)
Gastropods

Pteropoda

Annelida

Polychaeta

Nereis succinea

Arthropoda

Crustacea

Cladocera

Evadne tergentina
Penilia avirostris

Podon polyphemoides
Ostracoda
Copepods
Calanoida

Acartia tons a

A. spinata

A. danae

Candacia bipinnata

Centropages hamatus

C_. furcatus

Eucalanus pileatus

E. sp .

Euchaeta marina

Eurytemora hirundoides

Labidocera aestiva

L. sp .

Mormon ilia sp .

Paracalanus sp .

Pontella sp.

continued

192

Appendix 6.3(27). Concluded.

Pontellopsis sp.

Rhine al anus comutus

Temora turbinata

T. stylifera

Tort anus sp.

Undinula vulgaris
Cyclopoida

Clytenmestra scutellata

Copilia marabilis

Corycaecus sp .

Halicyclops fosteri

Oithona sp.

Oncaea mediterranea

0. sp.

Saphirella sp.

Sapphrina nigromaculata

S\ sp.
Harpacticoida

Alteutha sp.

Euterpina scutifrons

Macrostetella sp .
Caligoida

Caligus sp .
Cirripedia

Nauplii
Malocostraca
Amphipoda
Isopoda
Cumacea
Mysidacea

Stomatopoda (larvae)
Decapoda

Anomura

Brachyura (Zoeae)

VIII. Echinodermata

IX. Chaetognatha (arrow worms)
Sagitta sp.

X. Chordata (phylum)

Urochordata (tunicates)
Vertebrata (fish larvae)

193

Appendix 6.3(28). A taxonomic list of benthic infauna taken by ponar
grab sampler along the southeastern Louisiana coast (Ragan 1976) ,

Coelenterata

Scyphozoa: Medusae
Anthozoa: Sea anemones

Nemer tinea: Ribbon worms

Aschelminthes

Nematoda: Roundworms

Annelida

Polychaeta: Sandworms

Mollusca

Gastropoda:
Cancellaria reticulata
Oliva say ana
Polinices duplicata
Other gastropods

Pelecypoda:
Mulina sp.
Other Pelecypods

Arthropoda
Crustacea
Subclass Malacostraca

Isopoda: Isopods
Amphipoda: Amphipods
Clibanarius vittatus (hermit crab)
Other hermit crabs
Spider crabs
Unidentified crabs
Snapping shrimp - Crangon sp.
Sea bobs - Xiphopenaeus sp.
Unidentified shrimp

Phoronida

Chaetognatha

Arrow worm - Sagitta sp.

Echinodermata

Ophiuroidea: Brittle star

Chordata

Cephlachordata - Salpa
Vertebrata:

Goby

Juvenile fish

194

CD

•H Pi.

4-1 1-1

u 01

C -H

■h c

4J Oj

•U

•H

a)
X

3
O

a)

M

o

CO

ca
cu

3

O

<D

o

w
m

CO

•H

00

c

•H

3

rH
CJ

X

0)

tU

XI

ai
§

•H
■U

c
o
o

CO
CD

0)

>

>

■H

U OJ

ai si

sz *->

w to

ct)

4-1

c
<u

w

0) -H
S-< C

a. cd
<d X
oJ c_>

PM

1-1

u c

o m
S ^

UN

CN

■H

C
cd
a,
a,

<

n)

Si

c

a

o

►J

-H

91

a.

6

W

as

195

V

«

01

01

8

o> -^

i

3

ta. a

o

O

j

-a-

J

J

• r-

• ^

o — »

>>

u

tu

i

u

o.

<

? &

a.

<

1

• 01

1

4J J

u

>

a o

a

>

o

a. J

Of

o

z

C/3 w

on

z

I

00 fl
O CN

DD
» T3
u) 01
C 01
« 3
01 T3
U C
(0 O

c

o

•a
I

n —

U B

tfl tfl

3 -H

c

■H

§

«

*

tfl

X

c

■a

ffl

o*

O)

<b

u

*

o en

00 O^

"3 §

a> to

•H

-H

•H T3

•H TJ S

-H -<

5;

C ■■

c o

C O (fl

M

tfl *-i

(fl c

« C *J

is

C

c

•H

•H 4J

J^S (fl

^ (fl

^ .c

fr-5.no

■rH 0)

0O -H

<T —1

00 u

o o u

t- PQ

oo a

<7v O.

00 0)

Q-> 01 w

a ^

*-> £i

*>

CO

O oO

X

0 c

CO

CJ O ^

T*

Cfl

CO r-

4J

• c>

CJ

CO * CT*

a>

01

13

.* -H -H

>

CO

0)

3

(J 01

•H

c

3 U u

T3 U C

C

CO 0)

CO

<fl

•H

Ifl^^

3

B

4-1

C * tfl

4J

O

a

0* »H 4J

U

3

o

4J -H CJ

u

u

Cfl 01

0>

• 3 0)

*o

2

tfl CT C

P

.-H -H

M

C

r-i •

0)

01

3 CO -

X

•o

00 T3 CO

o

U U

o

c

•• £i J>

T3

Jl

CO 01 -O

c

u

T3 >U ffl

CO

at

I-. O 1-

-H X

-C

i Dl '

CO

CO

(fl

•H

M

.-1 CO C

«*-.

S3

U H 4J

T)

CO -H -o

(fl

O tfl O

0)

1

B U U.

•o

c
o
u

ON

ft

c
a
Si

vo

T3
C
0)

3

*

C

196

4-i r-
C *£>

>•

*j

•iH

o

>

W

4J

J*

U

(fl

<

0»

Pu

U

O

td

01

c

u

o

c

(fl

-

n)

"3

01

c

to

3

J3

<:

»

o ~
-J no
— c

T3
0)
X)

3

o ^

O — '
J= CN

3 2

4J

{/) 4-1

Q C

U

10 4-*

0 c

o

c
o
u

ON

CM

X

•H

C
a.

C *4H

197

c

•H
tO
r-t
PL,

U
0)

39

3S
• •°

■a*

St:

o 3 x:
a ti a

X -H *<

C
OJ

u

0)

w
cfl

tfl

X,

u
cu

a

0)

a

o

T3

e

tO

T3
C
tO

3
O

OJ
M

o

CD
tO

cu
z

3 9

O T>

0) XI
I/) <

a
o

B

e

CO
* T

•H Xl
C 3

31

■

S

fiS

a
c
o
u

T3
3

n "3-

3

C

§
U

a

0} «-*

i

B

■«-■§

n a

^

SS

u

01 w

a i o>

4i c g

t

0) 0 0

4J

•O tK 0

a

c 3 3

01

•H O

V

U 0)

>

>, 0 U

0

<-* O

-o ^-*

.-h • ■* ,c

a •

<o co to

3 a)

a xi

m a> o
3 u u

01 3

co a.

to C B -

M -H

OJ 00 >.

■H O

x: -h
a "
o a

U i-4

H 01

01

0) "O

O 0)

V ,-*

«-H r-<

M

DO - CU

•o

00 00

^H 01

c

C CO o

l-< 01

a ~»

|4f

01

CD <U K

o o

0) o\

>

> <u .c

<-> u

> <-<

to n

a

H (5 U

co x:

(0

u

U M W

T3 U

U U

M-l

CD

CO X)

0) C/i

CO 0)

O CO

— .

-^ cu -a

h

"-* T3

0)

M

u u c

Q.TJ

U 0)

t-( w ^-^

O

o u to

x9

O 0

O CO CO

u

4J CU

u u

-J U -J

eg ,-.

CO > 3
13 0 5

t-H

CO X

CO X3 CT»

■O •

C 3

•o u

T3 0) <H

01 i-H

01 "H r-H

■H O

0) (A

0) 4J

1* X>

u o 0)

a oi

h

l-t M >-t

a 3

a M 60

a "a

a. oj oj

o.

U -H

00

.. §

> "O

— c

cu a w

• * -H

.- c 0»

01 Z->

01 «

01

0) -H O

u

M

U ^

u 3

u u

0 u

O - 0

0

o o

o • j:

> 0)

> 8 O

> CO

> r4

> CO u

11

•H 01 -H

■H 0»

■H 0)

~H 01 C/l

ti 01 M

CO

C to

CO

-J-

E.?

C CO T3

co a

CO -H (0

a

CO ■*

o>

cfl DQ

CO -H C

O w

L) <** O

0—1

O ■*-.

r~i

O ^--

■. j u-j n

■h a

a a

9 o

^8

00T)

§

s

■d

§

>v

^H

H

a

c

ooco

•H

•H

-J

5

cc

en

w

H

..

at

1-

-H

c

01

<D

«H

x)

CO

^

4)

M

0)

0

1

H

a

QJ

43

u

OJ

•5

c
o
o

u

OJ

ai

0

— '

o

tJ

V-

■"

CO

OJ

-c

■a

>

u

OJ

c

Efl

u

•H

a

0

■0

H

i

U

<a

a

d

m

6

i

S5

CO
OJ

CO

•rH

o

CO

-a
c

a)
a

a.
<

I

■

X!
u

5

c

198

I

o
z

■3

(X

CO -J JD
rH CO ■<

r— \

a.

a oi

rH

s w

3

M CTJ

o.

01 u

a

(3

3

a «h

o o

M

u --.

111

^ fl in

a

■H r-»

1

ai do a>

0

1* M -H

tfl ^

M S CD

H

ai

t-> CO CO

u

&

01 oj 3

> a *■*

■§

I

S3

a §•

•a m

rH O

■H O

■-i U

>

CO

01

4-1

C

a

O

O

OJ

■H

ai

B /-*

CO

TJ

o •

to

t-l rH

u

0

4-. X)

u

JJ

3

o

C

CD [X

-H

CO C

0) _Z>

CO;

1j

rfl

C

CO U

m

CD

u

E-s

rH C

<y

tfl

CO C

0

U

c o

0)

4J

•H U

Q

a

OC w

U CO
01

> i

C -H

-H O

.c -h

a 4J

ai bo qo
i-. -h <r

l- 0) 0)
O .C TJ
> 01 0)

-a

91

► g

DO
rH CQ

Ph|

o) .c u

Q 01 W

s qj o

to > t-

C 43

C -H CJ

T3 U J
0) -H O

rlXH

o *
> w to

■H CU 0J r->

co co m

CO -H M CT.

O 4-1 Xi rH

V-

rH

0

0J

H

rl

i

d

X

0J

x:

U

p

ai

«

u

t4

8

X

-i

1J

91

C

K

■1)

•H

Xi

CQ

r. J3 t->

o d i

> 4-1 u

■H r* tO

TJ

3

B

0

O

rO

M

u

0)

•H

TJ

x.

1

0>

*j

>■>

O

C

■H

t-i

at

o

.C

,o

a

u
to

c

6S

o

rH

tj

4-i

c

u

at

CO

o

•H

u

CO

43

u

g

TJ

rH

at

0)

rt

DO

00

(X

0)

•H

u

03

CO

0)

u

M

-D

o

a)

CO

>

U

01

M

4J •— *■

E

0>

at m

>

co in

CO

a

J3 o*

u

■H

CJ rH

TJ

<U

3

•5

■u
C
o
o

0)

tfl

en

M

QJ

<^

a

u
(0

rH

qj

M

rj

tj

XI

OJ

0

OJ

TJ

>

t-1

0)

■H

M

O

£

cu

r>

>

X

c0

C

o

a

■H

CO

TJ

<D
3
C
•H
4J

c
o
a

o
m
%-•

CO

X

•H

-a

(3

0)

a
<!

a

^J

B

/-^

HI

C

i

CD

§

n

H

o

XI

0)

&N

X

x:

CO

IM

cS

a

CO

M

CD

-H

a

CO

■H

01

-H

a

(M

o

X

■4H

rH

IIH

3

M

X-*"

o

IJ

a

rH

3

a

CO

-H

fl)

5

3

(0

o

(J

to

CD

M

M

0)

_1

C/l

£

CA

5 w

c

■H

•H

3

e2

-H
CD

U

O

0)
H

4J

CO

j=

•H

j:

Q PC

H

Cfl

O

01

-n

Ji

G 2

M

u

4J

u

M tO

■H

QJ

rH

d

(A

f0

o

0)

o

H M

i-»

u

sy

-rH

W

CO

B

o

4J

o

< (*.

C

■H

iH

< to

X

rH

M t/3

■H

u

«u

4-1

§3

11

i-l

eg

-H

M

u

a)

H M

i-J

o

0)

rH

c

CO

01

Q W

TJ

2$

U
41

CO

u

0)

00

h

S£

CD

CO
rH

Bj U

0J

V-i

CO

09

P

CO

s

%

os <;

P

s

a

co

OB 3

O

u

gd

ja

a>

o

B. W

C/5

J

U

<

J

cc to

s

BJ

CO

(O

ffl

QJ

>>

■H

■H

5-

■a

Uh

0

[M

u

J

4J

4-1

ri

o

J

t4

J

M

(0

CD

c

U

co

?

fc

•H

U

PH

•H

5

^1

5

PL,

CO
Z

[b

■t"

5

199

o w
a u
o o

41

CI

a

a

0

0

z

z

ST3 M

t4 A U

s

o

z

id a

a a

o -o

3 3

a> a

m at

r-l B

<a c
o o

33

01

■3 5

H a

55

!* 41

2§

00 O

33

o c
a ai .-*
w a. •

o -H

n 3

o .O

o -H

J u
u
a

1

e
o

5 5

01 CO

u

«3 m

n

0J CTn

-H

M — .

3

cd

k4

.-i 0J

3~

C OJ

CO rH

•H O

M .Q

'.4. )-l

0J 3

§ 8-

a w

a =>

C o cn
■H to m
eg oj a*

OJ O0 I-.

0 u ,C

u C

4J -H

■H O

eg a

a

00

j: ■*

•a -^--n

i

c

o. u

41 f*>

to

O (0

h Bin

u

u

U H

a>soi

■H

■H

H 41

w — *

U

U

ei

.. a

OJ

OJ

01 u u

U A 41

1

§

O 41 TJ

> 4J 0)

■H U O

Q

Q

a a) C

u > a

OJ

41

>

Ul

•— 1

to

0J

u

u

t>4

ta

a

11

M

T3

M

-a

<U

O

OJ

0

tj

kj

M

3

0)

U

41

>

<Si

M

a

a-H

-a

c

o

it)

0)

■H

v.

X

J

O

(U

o

>

c

H

■^

01

41

c

J3

00

M

m

1-

^

u

O

^

41

CO 41

41 O

-a

H

,~^

01

01

m

u

60 m

a-H

^

ca

41

u

M

no

01

a

01

-o

>

>

UJ

*

»

a

o

•H

H

4-1

0J

C

•H

o

ca

rW

^-s,

O

CO

m

u

01

m

03

4J

CJN

T3

a)

O)

U

u

X>

W

a

QJ

0J

*J

-o

T3
HI

3
C
•H
■U

c
o
u

o

>*•

CO

•

•H
XI

s

a

< o
>■ z

<: h

s5

3

CO

3

c

t/i

a

U

tH

■H

<u

3

u

4J

J

u

iy)

CO

cn

"~^

CO

0J

d

9

u

(0

u

c

o

OJ

•H

4J

a

£

-Q

c

>.

Q

M

«vl

CO

CO

(0

c

u

3

CO

^H

to

3

2 2

00

5

c

5

2

200

N j

I

&$

<d o. •

u a H

Oh 3

•» w fl

9) 3
M C

« -H u

M 9)

c a

>.« c

u ^ o

oi nj cj
> uw

U 00

fl| w u

QJ 01 0)

12

.» q

d x: *-»

>. u a.

oo at

n d

>. a) 3

PUD

rH M j:

d u.

■H IW CO y-K
« 41 •

41 O M

S QJ

d U U -t

CO

»S

O QJ *-t X)

3

•H U 3

41

<H O

00 <h * d>

CO

*J CJ

00

J3 *-'

O 00 D

O

Of)

o co M u

m

■H QJ

vO

• H 00

0J CJ <U

C7N

!-] (A O

■ « co nj d
at to ui a

a

4) Q Q

v C c

1- CO X) o

CO

ctj a o

9

CO o 0

ki ^^

-*

M-4 rH

H H

u

>> cd d B

4-1

3

41 CO C

ki -H S

0 -h cd o

C/)

> 4-1 0 U-.

***

t2

U u

00
0-.O

4J 0) — ■

a i •

d a) id

T-l 4J 14-t

> — . 01 ^

_ 3 S H 3

§C 00 c c

O u 3 0

jg o cd -o u

4 *- H « —

1

n

00

id

r-*

(0 kl B

00 .

<0 O 41

C rH

■M

0 XI

T3 4-1

"3 a

CD •« H
0. 41 3

a

ki « -o

>-s

ex 5 cu

CO ki

QJ CC] 01

-3 h

■H QJ

•OHO

§ §

•H CO
3 U

..3

•H CO

— d a>

O ■— '

CJ O r-l

■H

•H 4J -H

oo cu

OOJl c

a) ki

d d 41

■H 0

4) X.

at <-* 3

0k CO

Cu a. i-)

(1)

3

H a)

T3

I

■M
8

ki u q

cu -h ,2

U *J TJ

3 d cd -v

cc cu r-c m

d t3 ki a>

ki 4> X) 0)
Cd 41 41 k.

c

0

i

01

rn

u

u

^D

O

i.

c*

4-1

01

■

>

■a

c

to

U

fl

3

u

0

Jd

a

h

i-i

o

i-i

a)

§

3
CO

M

a

>

CO

(0

-i

01

0J

OJ

3

fH

XJ

CO

41

m

tJ

4J

X>

to

OI

O

kl

X)

Oi

1

to

^^

u

3

00

h

^

lA

Oi

>t

u

Ch

>

— 1

4J

c

■H

%

3

tv5

rH

•H

r-l

H

U

0)

01

V

CO

3

OC

G-Xj

M

w<

CO

to

CO

CO

QJ

M

a

r-l

1

a

^-^

O 00 iH *— ■

drl y
C cd co

c
o
u

3

u -I w 00 o

■H rH 01 rH

O

CO

CO

X
•H

C

a

JZ

3

o

41

■H

d

S

£

o

4)

d

■H

CO

00

,J

9

3

kl

3

S

O

u

4-1

Q

CO

t

C/7

M

3
QJ

-u Z

JB

O

H

CO

V) o

U

•H

CO

CO

5

01

a

ai

a 3

3 2

201

B u
O O

z

c
o

z

c
c
z

c
o

z

(A CO

Q. 0|

C CO rH

th .n

tg ca a

S « a

u o c
o u o
a.c cj

:>

c

B

to

3

a

j-

JjH

c

o

a)

o

a

c

■H

c

c

00

o

ffl

u

a

CO

u

o

3

GL

to

c

V-

o>

4J

£

c ih

01 41

3 g

° &

u B ~

O -H •

I- rH

■ - — -A

V W P

in a
ace

M

^H

>.

0 l->

M

J3

a <u

to

r-v

.§

tu

C •

01 rH

3 O —.

A U ^

o

4-1

3-i

w r»

<-> a

♦J r*

^h m

c

c a —

»h r-

><3

ffl to

to a%

rH

T3 0) X

<*H —*

rH U

etc

3 « X

oi a

3S

A h

u C

0 c

to XJ CO

O -H

■n o

c f-

rH X

to cj

>N « —

a

CO -^

rH ^

- to

u

01 C •—

*J % —

u en

4J -H •

c

o u

CO rH

<i M

0)

k- C >S

•a c

01 -n 3

C -H

01 a

■o a

3 H

l. 10

o o c jq d.

S B 3 < CO

ffl 3

3

u C

•H O

a u

o •

CO

4J

ffl

t

ra

p

H

XJ

10

CO

Bj

CO

a

U

iH

C

ffl

0

CO

4-»

h

-*

OJ

5

1

CC

:>> to

■a £ 2

0) 0)

Ot TJ

• - > 0)

w c o

0)

^

0

d

•H

u

O

>.

rH

w

C

(0

r*

tH

&£l

u

s

c

u

<-h a. -^

to m •

« - at ^)

i-i en in .n

B at 4-i a

qj jj Qj C

•H rH r-j

3 J3 C

•H to

13

ffl

3

3 -H

u

>> at

0)

u C B

at

rH k-

M

B

rH CO

a-^-%

■H 3

C

at -^

CO >

C w

O

|H rH •

0( rH

C 1- «

u

0) ffl rH

-o ^3

U 11 U

c c -a

U d

^ c w-

N3

C C OJ

B)

60 60 O.

c

a o e

V

I- C

• - 3

rH o at

OB

H 8 s

O.^ T3

an

(0 k<

a)

CO u

en at

at *o w

a rH

(fi u at

u c

« « t-

j

n (1 C

at c

> at at

M

9

at a c

B o

L t- >

it

a.

B ai 0

at o

ffl a rH

-J tfl w

at

c

at at u

O ^"

G

^

a *o •>-'

H

D9

at

01

60 *-•

C

a

at

u

>

A

to

at

u

j-i

CT>

to

u

m

a>

o>

u

>

o

c

u

■H

j=

CO

0

no

-a

|H

(0

at

u

-a

h

5

i-

■a

0)
3

c
■3

c
o
u

5

U rH

o

CO

e a

•H

g

M OS

OS u

£i

202

a n

c
o
z

c
a -a

O nj

0)

>s

i

rH J*

-H 0

?s

<d o

i-4

x

C -C

c

i-H

u

o

at

(tj

3

■H >>

4-1

c

B

en x>

H

'■— ti

o

cfl

X

o at

en

O

U TJ

3

c

to

Cfl

U C

a

- c

o>

o rt

c

4-» O

to

u

p

c u

o

•» 10

tO w

4->

C

en i-i

t-

TJ

c

01

01 <u

01

C en

«j

u

JZ

•H iH

I

3 -H

•a

a

c

ao

U a

c

X 3

c «

n

3

at n

c

eg co

3 *->

0

■n

o

a u

u

h

X (0

to

c

A

CO 4J

>^ 4J

cfl TJ

■g

n

u

01

5

at c

01

ot c

>»H

i/i

nj

> -H

c

4-1 -H

rH ffl

0

to

tH

XI u

X c

tH

i- C

X»

(fl o

0)

(0 01

01 01

a

XI iH

t-

^

-J

T3 ^

a

o

5

•H C

X ^

c 2

tn ■

01 --H

15

M X)

*-> 3

a

.<- OJ

>, C

0> t-i

'H 3

M 0

*H

(0 x

1-4 1-1

1-1 CO

1 c

tM

>**H

■H C

rH O

l-> o

QJ .-v

a. u

> »- •

•h ty .-h

u r Xi

£ E

aj 4-> 3

rn V4 a

cd o

Oi cfl C

Q£ »w 3

4J

B

01

O -H

OJ 00 3 0)

B U O. OJ

01 « C l-

Q E 3 U

n o

3

e

0

CO

e

•-t

0

o

u

c

0

•H X

x:

10

u

at

>> 0)

en

h

r-t (-1

0

c <*h

X)

u

x:

3

CO

CO

is

ex

o

U-l

e

B

4-1

=>

o

■- ^

U 4-1

m

u

1-1 •

QJ

-H

01 rH

oo c

m x xi

(fl -H

fl

*J 3

O

i- a

at cfl

O

at

cfl C

CU CO

w

0-

^ =3

(J oo

U 60

•H C

*H C

6C -H

00 -H

Cfl 1-1

Rl V4

rH tH

rH t-i

oi at

o> 01

&, X

cu x:

-a

c

CO

o u

O 0)

to

u C

i-> a>

w X

0)

•H 0

CO > ^

CO CO

JJ /— ^

X -H

T3 C •

TJ -H

cfl •

a 4_i

OJ 'H rH

a> u->

lJ rH

O fl

I- o XJ

M

X X

^1 r-4

ex U 3

D. C

01 3

H 0)

u a

o

4-t a

OS

•- cfl C

u c

01 M

Ot 3

t-.

l-i 01

>

O - r<

O 60

C V4

> CO 0)

> c

•H 01

■H OJ C

■r4 QJ

O C

C X c

C >

1- C

M co q

U Cfl

u o

T3
0)

D

a

•H
■M

c
o
u

u u) e ^^

4J o c *-*

o

1-4

iT>

*J

01

(0

a

3

a

TJ

OJ

5

c

c

u

cO

M

X

CO

u

0)

01

OJ

-a

X

4J

H

c
o
o

m

i*h rn

CT*

0 ^43

(T>

r4 C

rJ ^

01 0 rH

01

CUH

C r4

•H ^ 01

■H 01

o

O

-a
c

QJ

a.

203

Ill
o o

Is

tJ 4-)

6 u

u

C 4-t

•H O

01

01 o

r« X

X

C J2

a en

en

O

i *->

3 ^

V

o.rH

x *<

u o

a

B ffl

u o

a: r-

0

O -H

u

CT>

z

U la

CO t->

4J

U 01

01

U X

JZ

la u

O 3

X 4J

o c

c -o

CO t*

0 0)

2^

•H (0

£ u

u-t Ma

w h

4-1 O l-i -H

tj

o

CO

c

es

TJ

— i

£

U

CO

cq r*

M

U-i

CTi

0)

O

i

01

**

0

la 4-1

GO

o

u

O C

□

4-1

0 a>

0

1

0

X u

u

X

JD

w H

1

,_(

at e

1

ffl

X -H

E

la

09

O

a>

-h en

4-1

a

3 -H

U

at

00 rH

0

00

c at

~1

**-*

-H Ua

< to

O 3 X C B

C TJ CO O

•H C -H >, ki

X -H im -. i*a

G 0»

CO C

mem

> O TJ

•H CO C

4-i ca a

co at ja

rH C/) <

C a>

•h >

o

0) 5 C <T TJ

flj -H IT- C

* M ^h CO

fr3

a> 0>

W J=

■H CO

C CO

ki Ma

3 3

X Ma

O la

(0 O

w pa

u C

c o

n e

ffl

a* at

QJ

1

> u

31

ai

la

0 c
6 3

B

O

*H

at

1

0) w
la

W

0

CO

O v-

ffl

E

3

x at
en 4-1

Ss

u

0

Ua c

r-l

3

|J

oH

rH

X

*

T3

•H

X

*J

- c

4-1

tn

4J

en -h

C

•H

u

—

^>

at

Ma

4J 4-1

m

■

U

U

c c

-a*

en

CO

u

o at

a-'

0)

3

■u

C
o
o

o

CO

S3;

CO

01 H 01

«.

CT-

c

0)

X. ^ u

M

0

la

U M

a

U

•H

a

CO ^ cO

0

cu

•H

u

CO

01 • 03

2^

*j

c

~H 3

cu

jO -H

*H

o

« J

-o

jO •

1

IJ

0)

O -H

■H

00 3 4J

-3

Ji

W

3 15

3

c a oj

M

c

la

0 C la

CO

-a

a

at

CO

^-t ^> U

c

rH

i

■H

CO 0)

a

a

CD

Q

(0

1- u.

0

•a

0)

4-i at ^^

Pa

&

ai

la

a c --v

a

en

&

u c •*

T3

>

0)

6

O O r-

0)

•r*

u

H

OJ

X U cjn

«

5

•H

a

at ^ — <

a o

R

la

QJ TD

oo c

>.

C CO

1

k.

■H

C

0)

c

la la

o

ffl

BC

-H

j- at

N

K

C

sa

at oo

•rt

u C

■H O

x: -h
a u
o n

*2L

CU

TJ

v£) ^-v

M

5

V40 O

P.

ty, sO

-* a,

a>
u

QJ

&fi

o

J=

>

CO

Q) 3

•H

•H

CQ XI

E

U-4

13

T3 O

X

c

C O

a

c

ID 3

T3

3 0

^^

0)

•-< «

^O

la

U la

143

a

c at

c~-

•H T)

a>

-5

>*

u

c ^

u

o

o

u

>

4J CO

cy

■H

ji a)

CD

d

C j=

M

co en

•a

ffl

rH -H

c

u

(X lM

ffl

TJ
a

■a ja

■W 3
3 &

B O

0) u

4J 0) X)

co w eg
o fd

a x to

at

C

CO

f

>

o

lil

u

ffl

t(

a.

3

u

la

X

«

la

T)

^«^.

ffl

0

M

u

rH

o

0)

01

3

N

CO

C
0

E

T3

la

ffl

c

QC

i4

a

cfl

at

TJ

u

at

01

to

01

u

a>

D

00

o

Ua

4J

s

>

■H

•H /-^

■H

at

l"

la O

a

4J

a. x

>%

0)

Crt CT

:_.'

u

TJ

«W rH

•a
ai

3

C

c
o
u

X

•H

C

a)
a.

M C -rt

&

rJ

^5

^^

Q

to

5 5

rH

01

Ua

204

c
o
z

;h &

>. K

|

o

,-^

rH (U

P

A

m

Jj

e

r-l E

ttC

0

CO

^5

c

C

CO C

d

u

<w

Oh

■H

(U

(0 ^

•H O

0

14-4

XJ

-*

3 •

U O

H

to

>-

o

a

ti

rH

OJ w

<a

t*-i

OJ

to

01

LO

VJ

00 X<

a

c

£

u

a

C 3

to to

4-1

-a

c

tu

aj

rs

■rt O.

0) x:

c

c

0

m

x:

0

M

h a

u

«

n

a

H

4-1

X

OJ

3 3

- E

T3

M

1

<TJ

TJ

4J o

B

^

(3

«

C

M

B E

3

a;

•H

3

o

10 01

CO

£

-»

§

CI

H

-H

OJ E

ie

id

r^

(0

r»

CO

X E

3

en

c

en

-o

id

u 0

3 co

to

tn

0

C

u

<o o

s> 3

V

1

fl

u

0) v--

co

t-H

Cfi

X

(J

to

o

X)

00

OJ

0

rt

c

M

(0

c c

X>

c

x

-c

XI

u

c

ex -C

at -h

3

0)

tj

h

3

-.'

x>

■rl

m

tU

B »->

4-> i-

a

>

to

to

a

c

id

h

r*-

M

0 B

u-i 3

c

3

OJ

H

C

0)

VI

a c*

£

rH O

O TJ

3

»->

XI

^

E3

o

^

to

>-'

<0 B

u B --
B O ■

« 0 H

n B

OJ B

U ,~. i-*

•H

^^

a

o

eg .

a. »

au

0) rH x

eg (A

r*»

id

XI o

u c

CT>

f"l

O 3 XI

33

u r^

u a. u

— i

0J (^

c rt

•o

01

—i

1"

u0 3 H

* <

u

rt

C ^

JJ

•H

c

3 (0

H SU

4) -

§

0

CO B

I* at .— .

M ^J

•H

•H

& c <*>

u u

CO

B XI

w c r^

eg o

T3

CO

•H 0

O CT>

ea £

C

O

CO

.. U rH

3

u

to "-^

*J ' '

o

OJ ^>

C W

4-1 T3

ill B C

0) t~

fr

■r^ iH

Tj § i-t

i- (D

0)

B ^2

C 3 XI

»H rH

•o

1-i

OJ 3

3 4J (fl

CU ^-1

■H

3

> a

XI 3 C« C-. O

a

- eg

-a

to

r-~

■,

n3

0

cu o

c

ON

01

o

E:

■H

3

c

■H

a *

X

cx

M

(0 W

rt

X

rt

to

01

*J C

;>->

o

u

r.

c

33

X)

rt

■H

c

■o

V-

-J

^

0

•a

c

i

rt

■o

u

* <

3

H

*>

<

u

O

to

u

tu »

u

3

a*

to

i- j:

r*»-

^

A!

r-

X

l- CJ

Ov

u

CO

m

ki

U

CT>

1-t

eg o

rt

cu

r*.

tfl

Q

c

OQ Z

0)

JS

ON

PQ

s:

o

at

>*

u

CJ

0

u

*J

U

*J T3

4J

nj

to

U

•a

■rl

1-

CU t-i

s

c

u

c

0)

u

s

OJ

i- tg

01

b

aj

B

t- >-4

to

j:

X)

u

H

c

OJ ^H

■a

<u

M

(d

01

rH

"*J

rt

a. o

c

u

0)

CO

&4

0

c

3

w d.

rt

Cu

a

"-^

IX

s-J

OJ

oi

B

i^H

^H -H

1-. 0

c c

n cj

•H QJ

cu w ^,

§ 3

C ro

TD -O

•n

DO rt On

C OJ -H

o ••

■H 1j

•H CU

•-I D- ifl

C U

o to tg

0 0

O 0) >

u x:

x: x> -h

U -H 03

J* CO

C »4-l

w 3^

eg u-<

ES

M

h

^

«

01

XI

aj

J3

3

C

a

h

B

00

to

B

c

CM

>-■

H

>

a)

a

0

B

B

6

Ti

a

■ * .- cu

u tu u

-H O O

qo tg x:

(5 ^ ifl

H h ^

CU 3 »*-.

CU (0 O

C .H

■o

■ri XI

•H r-1

3

3 JJ Xl

•a a

10 3

to E

a

OJ 3

u to E

M

•H OJ 3

p. t-

6 -H

(0 OJ

0 -H M

OJ E

AJ CJ OJ

•O E

-X oj 5

•ri °

E > 2

3 u

CO 3 0

^H 1-) CJ

•*

a. w

^ x:
oj u
o. CO

T3
OJ

3

•S

4J

c
o
o

E I v£> B

-a
ai

3

C
•H

u
C

o

u Xi
j: OJ
B -o

»- 1-

XI

o tu

T3

T3

u >

p

0

rt c

rt

O

-O -H

h

,3

01

X)

l-l -

OJ

TD

a- co

T3

C

0)

H

rt

•• XI

•H

01 CO

X

h

l-i -H

0)

O •+-!

6C

>

BQ

c

*H i-t

0)

•H ^^

C -H

U

1- O

t-i <g

CtJ

a. ^£>

u

C/5 OS

)-• u t=)

o rt •-'

u u ^-.

tg xi f»

•a qj *

m *j o

t-« K-" • — *

a tu
>

01

c c

> CO 01 00

■h o> -a ^s rt

££ HCO h

co i-t in o

>> c

u <-i tg

0 **-« Ui
•u 0) XJ

tg -h ot

•o X "O

01 U "H

.* o

01 4J ^-N

U Jc uj

o c -a

> tg o

■h rH a— .

c ex tu ft

V4 o a.t£>

tg o o on

cj n o <-«

O
CO

CO

a)
ex

Dj rH rH

~ ■§

i ^ r

5 S

205

QJ
J- U

o o

*J 4-» -H 0

C O U SZ JZ

ai ^ a (A IB

0 i •+- 3 —■

0.--I J3 «w I- O

a

U O CQ r-

u U re U *-*

U O « 01

O 3 x: *-> O C

e t3 to i- o ot

•H C t-l fl) X V-

2 rl lH iw V--H

»-l

*o

u

a

c

c

•H

3

■

M

JZ

DO

4-1

u

u

•H

BO

4J

V

3

a

<0

X.

C

-a

u

OB

c

es

T3

H

JZ

OJ

CO

CO

CO r-«

M

k

iw

•H

Cs

01

0)

O

U-i

-o

rH

a

OJ

-H

CJD

M

0

k- *-»

(A

C

o

tj

o c

C

cd

u

O 0)

0

I

0

X ^

u

>s

X)

^ H

1

X

*J *J C 3 -H
C U K MH
01 O bC C 01

o 3 x: C e *j

C T3 co On)

rl <M H U ID

i

01 c

> o -o

■H CO C

*J a) 3

.-I to <

c

0)

^*,

■H

>

O

o

» r*

>*

E

01 ON

H

u — '

.H

>.

M

o

a

|

a*

0 4J

u

Z c

u

c

W OJ

QJ

-H

u

a

CO

3

^ H

oi 3 e -» *o

0) 0J
C in

.2 f <4-i '

< oi o •

O 3

oi u

3 s

a

41

0)

4)

1

>

4J

03

0J

3

c

t-(

B

3

C

o

'H

01

u

B

0)

w

CO

i

m

0

k

a

3

X

OJ

01

t-i

>s

u

O

<*-

c

H

3

*-i

i

— |

XI

o

A3

t

<H

JE

II

c

W

to

w

0}

■H

C

U

£.

OJ

»4-t

u

M

m

0}

U

»■•

c

c

-»

CO

4

(J

c

O

o»

w

O

0)

S

e

— '

0J -H
01 u
10 01

c ot

0 01 ot

p-t 4J C XI

nj -H 3 3

o xi o a

5 « t- c

3-5

XI

cu

3
(3
•H

o

.*

XI

- T3 -—

l~

« < «

■c

CO

a

ot r»

a

0J

H

l-i "On

0J

-C

u *t —

h

u

cd u

a

4

CQ O OJ

X

01

S w

0)

XI

•H

» *H

•H 00 3 QJ T3

3 c a t- t-

k a c --^

ot oi e <t »

0 u o r* at

qj x a ctn -h

■a

nj at

c

-H B

nj

a ot

•o

Er

Ol

CO U)

*o

£^

3

it) -H
J C

t-l t-4

0

i-i Ot

c u

h

0

ct! a

-rt X

Ot

N

> c

§5

00

U -H

c

c

m i-

o

^h x:

M

01

^ c

a

u

OO O

o o

C/J

o

c

•j to

1-1

CTJ U

RJ

13 C

-o 01

■o

3 0 -s

ot *o

\D /-s

OJ

rl OllO

E.5

mO o

u

U 1- SO

<3> «£)

a

C 01 CT^

-H (^

■H T) — «

01 (0

>.

01

-S fr

t- a<

t E

u

c w L

o x:

o

O k

> CO

01 3

>

U CO QJ

•H -H

CQ X)

•H

M QJ CQ

E1"

13

f

C x:

T3 O

U

to to -a

R) C

c o

m

ih *h e

O O

n) 3

o

a ^ nj

•a
a
ai
M

to •

oi •-<

■

01

u

E

01

c

p.

o

01

u

a

•^

0)
00

c -^

01 C CO c

> o in C

re *h o\ 3

U 1-h.d

CO t- TJ

N BH O

k y i-i o

•c

U

H

c

C 01

p

a

•H 01

-H

^t

01

u

01

>s-H

OQ

01

TO

-H C

h

i

i- re

ae

C 01
>n -H «*-
i-t iH 01

T3

(U
3
C
•H
4J
C
O

o

13 C 3

0) -^

k O Tl

a m c

o * oo

> oi c

•^ 01 -^ ^v

c s: u o

^i oi a %o

Ifl -H O) Ji

U 1*1 ^ -H

C

o
u

o

ro

!«!

•H
T)
C

a»
a.

00

M

a: 2
< to

3

3

i

0

3
■H

4

< o

P3 H

0)

•a

SI

206

•H U C u --*

u >, a <r>

at to c m
co u-t -h o tn

> o 1)

*H Cfl C

*J CO 3

<o ai ja

H W ^

P. d « -a

CO O C H <

>> *J ,* (0

H CO (fl ki H

01 t-i *-l *J (0

> 4J C

■h c — a u

U OJ 01 B 3

(0 U t-i «H 4J

rH C O U U

01 O JZ X o

os u tn to c

OJ

tfl c ^.

T»

X) r3 CO

f

3 ^>
CO i- o-.

0) ,-H

c c

rH

-H C w

(0

O l-i

(0

6C CJ OJ

b

C w ^3

0)

■H .H

I

S S'H

Q

0 «o o

Q

U T> >-'

J3
u I

■H In

S ffl

■

■a ^

« <M O

o e ^

(A 00

I- sD

CO

o -a*

u

c

4-1 CO — <

o

CO TJ

jd

X) o u

c

u a u

o

a

h 'H m

1-1

rH

a x xi

H

ai

livore;
ds, amp
les (Gil

C ffl rH

oo a

S ai o

«

>a

C

3

■H

a

no B

|H 3

3

u

ti

n

i

0)

c

a

o

a>

o

at *~*

T3
OJ
3
C

■H

n
o
o

B

«

0

J3

h

U

0

JJ

4J

>-.

a

0>

XI

>

at

c

FH

•H

a

O

J=

■o

01

c/l

0*

u

•H

—

a)

3
C
•H
■U
C
O

g

01

pa

O

XI
•H

•a

a

u

w

o

CO

u-

w

u

z

ea

O

-J

3

u

8 .3

<

a

M

Ei
O
OS
U
cj tn

5513

O J

SH
O

CQ CJ

207

-as

o

C -

o o
u a
w a

01

c

i

a

3.

c

0

z

-a c '-
c 3 •

3 O ~l

>. X C
01 c

AJ O M

« U 41

V- C

at -o e

TIH O

o o u

u C

c
>. o

■-t u

C "1

0 -I

at h ^-t

- -j) -
ca a
ace
« -h a

I
oo

c

00

■a u

a

c c

|

3 O

Xi B

•a

1

c

►J

-D

rf «

u 5^

to

4-1

n

tfl OC ~H

hCX

0) X

at -h 3

S -h

-o u a

0 3 c

t/3 ^

E-03

C 60 3 -H

•h c a a *

C C <fl W

ca >.

01

-a

H <H

C

-<

O C

c

*-i *-*

0> «H

o

01 .-.

s-i

u

u .* r-

u u a*

u

fl o —

•a

to

to z:

■o x a> i-i p3 3

C 4J v- L. ,-

3 c o oj <-h -a

j3 o xl a. o c

-a

u

M

c

,-H

ca

M

o

a

Xi

0J

«

-C

o

3

M

to

a

D-

i-i

c

a

0)

a)

0

*-»

o

o>

0

c

-o

01

00

u

u

■s

11

B

1

0)

■a

H

h

>

1

a

3

I

o

H

•H

T3

o

td

>— '

to

S»n

u

t-

I-.

a.

0)

01

c

01

j-j

in

i

■^

u

C

•4-

-< > I- O

H I- flU

3 a oi ^

-H C

2 § 3 '3 2

ii?

s «

T3 H-» rH -H

c

Ti &

A >M H H

«

O « rrj

Xt

3

O >-. O —

to

U n

•H 0) -H

«

■H 01

ot.d it ■:

X)

00 C

« 2

rq t-J rd u

3

0)

d

.-i t-i U 0

O

i

CO

.H O

o) to (j a

C

•H

0) o

Pn d-i o «

.3

en

MH

ft. ^

-I o

Ol u

a. ^

XI

3
C

u c
•^ o

X -H

a u
o n

-V

3

•S

a
o
u

o

X

•H

-a

0)

a

*J 3

OUT)

w > O

CO C o

■a-H 3

u - -o

a to c

QJ ca
•- j:

at to »-i

i- -h at

o M-i bo

> C

a s via

u o

t/l ON

T3

S

c

2

Q -J

■H

M UJ

X

i-l W

to

a i

.-1

M ii!

01

3C en

3

SB

c

o

►<

-H

J

■a

M

•^

5

X

a

Pu

o

u o

o z

U M

o s-

U u.

■i

4J

1- T3 QO

(4

0) --H (N

c

M

00 tH on

0

A

C X —

01

1-

4J

I- M

0

h

O-y-v 01

u

01

W O T3

p u

a h

z J

O Q

J UJ

208

c
o
z

91

a

o

Z

01

i

01

a

01

01

c

a

o

o

z

z

> O 13

•H (0

■u n)

co at xt

H Crt <

O^ri

g

CJ O J3

3

c

*-» ai a

g

en -a B

3

i^a

4J K

XJ

•-3d)

a

§ ° §

<u

X

(0 (0 0

to

T3 QJ U

a

2 xi w

a)

0)
JC

u C

O i-i tc
.J O M

M 3

u tH

o '

c

c

■a

o

a

o

1 — -

J!

co

10

a

OJ

01

£■

01

o

£

3~

w

j •

(A

M

«

00.41

C 3

o a

8

IS

CO
CO

a
5

|

a

01

T3

a)

3
C

o

XI

<u

3
fi
•H

4-1

a

o
c_>

.3 >. —

q v* c-< m

0)

a. oj

c

(0

i-j

U

£

x:

•H 4J

G

u

ro

a cfl

3

*a

3

>*

a) i-i

XI

Ps

0J

CO

X)

XI

T3

tH

u

OJ

•a

■H

C 01

O

•W

a.

4-t

o

M

O 4J

O

M

id

0

§

U

:i

Cfl

2

M

3

to

U OJ

a*

1

u

J3

a)

H

Hi >

T3

•H

•H

QJ

01

•a

00

•H

M

N C

C

u

M

N

4J

c:

m

u

a.

(0 -H

(d

a)

a

cd

H

(0

a-

01

l-l

p-

M

<u

a

60 T>

t-i

w

bo

>

l-l

w

<u

C

01

0)

c

at

H

»-i

-- n)

Q0

ot

i-.

-H

00 <-i

Ol

o

to

5

00

o

a

c

01

DO

>

3 a*

(It

>

3

1-*

£

CO

H

o n

ij

u

O

h

M

U 00

a.

o

M

3

a.

cO

O

o

m

CO

o\

X)

01

OJ

U

u

cd

U

a

m

Of

X)

'O

0)

OJ

QJ

4J

o

M

U

u

O

01

JZ

>

>

U

•H

a

CO

E

•H

-a

nl

c

c

(J

o

rO

h *

id

h

>> 00

00 ui

>

41

XJ c

v-/ QJ

u

x:

D. tH

4J

to

i-l 1-

l-l RJ

H

>»

a a

O 1-.

H

ot en

4-t XI

u

■H

CO OJ

u

h

C

T3 4J

0)

(0

i

O CO

01 U

°j

<D

3

U 01

c

-H

■H

u u

a >

-H

CJ

M

at -h

c

>u

a

N l->

■ » -H

s*

a

Cd 4J

01

H

(0

u at

M ^H

%

01

60 T3

O M

a

i-i

> aj

■H

00

o

a

CO

>

(0 OJ

p K

OJ

u

■H

01 co

■a

M
CO
U

C
o
a

O f-i c ^

O
CO

•H

c

0)

a
ex

<3

3

CO

C

a

M

3

4-1

s

z H

o 5c

CO
el

■o

01

cd

Q w

•H

0)

O M

V-

J2

Z b.

a

Cfl

MM >

M

J3

•H

•H

^-^

M

■H

CO

fl

iH

-u

M

CO

•H

03

H

h

•H

a^

M-l

•H

w

3

CO

ii

32

CO

.-H

CO

pa

M

Q W

•H

^H

0>

OJ

XJ

-H

CO

U

M 2

c

s*i

■H

o

CO

CO

-J UJ

cd
u

■4H

&

£

3

O fjj

Oil

1-i

Cfl

c

to

1-t

3

o

CL

3

O M

3

O

3

J

CO

&- kJ

3

■3

■H
C

s

a

-o

eg

H

§

§

o

3

1

Pm

CX.

J

b.

3
cr

5

209

o o
u a
u IT

59

>■

■

g.

DB

U-1

„

s-

i*-

E

3

B

0)

^

*M

C

-o

0

t-r

■a

erj

O

U

c

-

c

B

U

*J

§

a

0

b

u

o

^H

aj

o

*M

J3

u

X

c

0

0)

4J

s

4-1

■3

u

3

s

c

4

c

4-1

r-

0

«*-<

vt

ai

)-■

a

U

a»

z

•— '

•H

c

—

o

33

*■«

<y c

I- oi

u, (A

a* C

o ^

> 5

J= I- u-i

rH O

•a

W 0) -J

■H U

c

oj

M|s

(fl w

nj .-i

u

n

s

C 3

£ y-v

01 c

o

0 • u

OOui

> o

T3

r-< 0)

3 <T

■H 01

c

n >. u

O CT>

*J CT]

3

*H C

H — '

« 01

5

+J ^H 3

.H Wl

C cfl O

(0 M ■

<U

<0 -H w

fl 9J H

BtS

T> O

U A

C UH

a> c 3

I

h

0} h

>, 01

a c

k- c

oi o

a
c

a i

c

OJ

.* u
a ai
u c
c
>. o
—I u

B -I

. Cd — w 3

■ IT

to

OJ

hi

0)

o

u

X

CO

to

lu

Di

u

oc O

3

c

Cr«

(0

o

""•

d

(0

U

c

-H

>*-H

M-l

J3

«

c

.3

t-H

«H

0

V

3

«;

(U

^—

■H O
O. U

3

•5

u

C

o

u

o

CO

c

u

a « -i

^H

t

t-l J3

c

£

•J C 3

=1

c *h a

ai

a

"0

01 c

—

B

at

U C 3

U

3

*J

►-I -H

a

0) u

0)

u

•H

B >> 0/

a

01

CJ

«H C

B

0

c c

01

B

a

13 i* O

1

o

r-i ON

H "Ol/l

e ctn

*-i ^H C CT»

at g «» •-•

U) -H

ca en u ■-*

C 10

U 01 <-H

o c

U U ZJ- -..

"-- at c c

H ^3

(- ^

O *-»»■* cfl

4J O

4J o a Q

ai cc:

« w ^

-a ^

-o -n^

0)

at c .-n/-^

U Vi

^ o m o ctn

a. a>

£

a. w at ^o vo

*-•

U1

^ 4J CT> CT\

.- (0

•H

■- C (0 -« -*

at m

U-l

at nj iu

w .a

1- rH Ji C W

o a oj u c

0 01

01

> 4J

tie

> O 4J 3 -H

•H M

<d

-h o i-. ja ja

E 5!

i-

C N 0) T3 X

0

l-i > O O

5 c

VJ

to c c o a:

^ .o

^H

o

1 a

1

« a.

01 c

n

- TJ -.

3

CO 0

C

c

■a a c
o n) C.

O ti

o

01

a o 3

u c

M

at at .a

o c

O

a x) -o

« °

u

o 0

cd

O r-* c

•a -—

T3

^^3

01

u

c
a

U O -^ 3 '-'

U Si
O 0)
> u

I- >

CO C

> *-» a c

tH U -H -H

£0) c u

> D. D

ctj C B cy;

U 01

o j:
> m

u ^
o -i

> 9

2

a

P

H

:.-.

S

5

s

-^

>

e

—

<

ta

<^- h <w

a

k- m

*j

oi r~-

c

O. CT

OJ

ai ^

u

0)

H

T3 CO

•a

C —t

c

■h ra

<a

3

>^^-'

t-

C (0

01

•H «

JS

01 B 01
U -H U ^
OJ 60 O O

a)

3
C
•H
U

c
o
o

c3 «*-

3 -3

210

11

tj a

4J »4-l

11

ra a) jd

.H W <

§

.n •

*■§

r-i a

01 3
o

•H b

■a u

2 §

o o
au

oo —

t E2

c ^
-H 01

1 g

w O

u

CO w

0)

o o

•H X

U -H

o

-J

.,.i

M

K C

i-*

01 flj

C

c

C 3

•H

O 0

o -I ^-,

at

w 01 f*"l

M

bOiri

o

to -h <^

£

C to -h

CO

0 s-'

p

•H k.

•H

4J ,-s 01

a ■ -a

60

bOr-t Ol

C

ot.no

•rl

^ 3 M

>

oo ajs

0

M C u

ET

n] 3 c/i

3

01

.-^

atari

u

r-

H

crj

o^

«

H

in

M

t-4

co

0)

01

^H

e .c

H

01

u

CO

•a

0

S

u

„

•H

CO

(0

tOM

0)

<a

U

J3

H

ctj

n

OJ

J=

eu

DO

*<H

X)

<u

1

4-1

o
o

XI

<D

3

c

c
o
o

to

01

XI
01

o

•H 01 01 t-<

U J= u SI

CD to (U o

14 t4 h CO

o y-i x

C 4J

0» T)

60 rn
■h m

03 o\

a

>

H

as r-v

-a

c

id

.-i en

01

•H

CO

u

0

rj

a. cts

a

u

D

a —

u

a

CO

a)

§

en

0)

=S^

m

w o

a

m

>

CO

n

-> c

-H 01 01 (0

•H V- U O

a t<
.. 01

E-h §

o

x)
C
CD

a
3

< w

a in

u

tJ ■

4

£ t/)

4-1

O M

H b.

«

gg

CO

O kJ

CO

IX QQ

3

i

B
I

211

E

(A

CO

o

CO

CO

II

01

01

01

u

3

3

3

C

iH

H

^H

s

CO

CO

CO

u

>

>

>

h

X

£

X

0

■o

■

T3 U

T3 CO

a,

0)

T*

0) -H

0) -H

a

u

*M

w (4-1

*J U4

H

1

01

a

-H CO

t a

•H

3

rJ

00

— 00

►J oo

4J U ^ u -

a u o oi o

<U rH «,C£N

c to CJ CO 0) O

O «H iw 3H

Q. 1- JZ 14-1 i-

g u a) o as *J

4)

O CO -rH C

C

-a B U 0; l-
J- C 5 M U E-

0

^

O -H 4J 4J O

C U U 6 TJ

3E O XI **-< w eg

CO

>

j=

■o CO

0) -w

4J CW

_i 00

co Oi .q
^h m <

h ■

xi

!* 41 rH

3

h aa

•j a

H » 3

c c

OOP.
clT) C

CO 3

C E tc

O 3

•H B

3 CO 0)

CO o u

< ) c

« t- a)

CO c

U «M C

>> 0

U B

S-,-1 u

0 c o

•rt O

at co

cu oc

CO CJ CO

CO B CO

M Cl£

h "H 01

ci au

CO > c

TJ CO B

a o o

O CU 0

W B N

a -' b

01 01

.8

u jc;

01 CJ

u o

u r.

oo

c

U -^ -1 u

§ 3

3 U tfl JK-*

X> (U -H U
0) I- <H TJ V-

•

CO

o

H

CJ

J5

u

-D

o

CO

w

3

•H

3

a

CO

a;

c

00 J=

>

3

03

C *J

<

4J

3 E

h

O O

■g

OJ

O

>. B

E

>. i, a. a; *j

<0 >>

o

<a

C i*

rH O- O C

0)

©,<-.

U

«

co <u

41 w • 3

0)

CO 4)

(0 *J

3 00

4J 01 * CJ

4-1

c

C

to in -h tn w

en co

u

0J CO

u x: a c '-v

c

4J t-l

4)

co tj

cn — i *-*

Ol 4- (TJ T- —

41

•H 41

1

i- C

01 -H —

T3 C <U ^l^

>

3 -a

CO 3

C OJN

Q O cfl TJ O^

3

TJ O

3

a xi

0 03 CTn

*»~)

< S

■

cn co

N w -*

c to

C

OCX)

C

0)

■H M-i

x: -h 3

0)

M

«4H

tVJ

in h a

a

>, 0

>y 3

C -rt c

t-l

CO

■H XI

■H (J.3

01

0)

C u.

C

i

-a ^-v

•H OJ

i-i CO

OC T3 U

5

•h m

15

m

eg co

e oi

c e oi

3

» <■

r*.

•H 3 c

M

CT\

M

cr

h

> 0 c

• * CO

•» (Q

0 t-> 0

01

U <*-!

V

6 co u

3

CO b

■H

cn

■H l-i

rH

CO 0)

ofl cn

iH

oil 0)

c c

-Q

U u

CO <0

rH

co a.

at oi w

o> c

rH 4)

CO

^h a>

4-1 4-» 60

01

£ 3

0) Ui

3

OJ 4)

— <— ■**

4)

4) O

a. co

^

P-. -a

0 O b

cn

Q ^

W 01 ^N

co X m

B CJ<t

C >i o

o ««

C u-i

3 h 3 a

03

D)

0

>.

at

>,

■"J

00

0 -~.

c

5

c

4>

3 m

B

m

c

>H

3

U

p^

vH

c

r-»

•H

4J

o

O

TD O

^

4)

ON

s

4)

>> X

c —

4J

■H

E

CO

CO

M-l

O

CO

0)

0

(0

CO

n

0)

0

U •-<

u

4J

OC

4J

01 ^H

H

■H

c

00 CO

^3

a

09

a

3

10

t-

C 3

3

■a

4

3

■B

"3

C^

as

4)

CO

41

a>

u .-.

B

<h

U

--^

>

0.0

S

03

en

aa

0

i

c/5 v£)

u

oo

CJ

w o\

M

b

•H

t-i

-g

01

(ic-

4)

M

00

4)

c

B

CD

i

ed

a

(0

a

0

01

CO C
01 I*

3

^H

4)

4)

c

*J

o

4)

4)

4)

41

1-

CM

i- 3

o

a.

-a

O

CU

-a

«

0

CO X

^

T3

1)

3
4J

c
o
a

CJ B
•H O

J= ^1
a u
o CO

U ^H

^5

•h at o
o j= o

> 4J 4J rH

4-» X.
C O

oi cn

3 -a

u c

co

a* b

3 X)

rH 0)
XI T3 .
fH I

OJ -H i

41

to

§i

u. at

1 TJ

4J T3

o*

at 4-i

T3 C

CO C

CO 01

N l-i

O CO

u to

"O

CO OJ

0

c

X) u

E

C -H

u >

3 TJ

a

41 XI

0 -H

00 c

C

4J 01

3

X

-** «H

TJ CO

u

u *a

^-N X>

U >^

u

C t-

0

OJ -H

co *o

o

OC

O u

CO X)

u

> -H

(N O

4-1 £

Cs|

4-1 — i

41

CO

C M

<J\ o

CO CO

a^

to x:

t- TJ

-a

■H •«-'

-4 3

■a ^

T3 4J

Oi -H ^-n

OJ

01 U-,

4> C

00 -H 00

U

t-i *o

h

M

t- OJ

CIN

a.

0) ft

41 C

o. •

4>

D. X

•H •— ' CTn

D r*-

73 cfl

CO

■0

U — '

x: ctn

«

•- B

01

a^-v

ai

co -^

o u

01 co

O

41 CO

cn o u

u

-H

b 01

U 01

U

tu 01

'-'^ 41

o

«*-. u

JZ oo

0 u

JC

o x:

C7> TJ

>

4)

u c

> CO

u

> CO

co ih at

3 &

cn i-i

-H 4J

cn

■H -H

at o

c

M

E2
3 5

£-

4J c u

t-i

tfl CO

-a q.

•a

CO

P 3

c cn

c

3 g

U 3 U

U

to ^"

co ^

CO

xi x> cn

■a
a)

1

c
o
o

o

CO

g

a

I

5

o

5

<

r

1

41

to

M

01

0

ad

r.

OI CO

2 J

5

212

•rt C

S «

o «J

(n >v oi

« rH U

e o

U >4H £

■H O u

b a m

3

O -H

- -H C

-»-!

c

XI XI
U 3

" C C

C CJ O

o

i

co a

CO > U

TJ

CO

H

H C

•a s —

c

01

u

d

9

-^ 3

C T-l

co

CJ

*_i

3 CO

eg

c

3

h

3

^ U

X CO X

tu

c

CO

•v

3

a

ci at

CO CO U

>

0

T3

(0

U

1- c

c

H

«

£

u

c

CJ* C

>■.>-. o

u

CO

3

CO

0

■H

— ' 0

rH rH S

CO

<u

5

CO

o

OJ -c

rH

en

CO

CO

CO w

COB

CO -H C

CJ

01

cu

OJ

a

«

to

x

tH *~*

b u co

u

■H

u

XI -3-

01 OJ J

CO

c

CO

CO e'-

T3 a

a

ot

CJ

en cj*

owe

w

>

X

*-- -H

£ Oi -H

00

5

8 2.!

p

o

T3

■H

C

X

(0

(0

3

(!)

C-

a

01

C

CJ

u

3

0

0

X

u

oC

CO

<u

c

C

3

u

c

C

s

0

=>»

0

B

0)

CJ

CO

M

>

>.

xl 3

t>o co a

i oS

0 -w

>* c u

■H 0)

c

01 01 c

^ > o
id o u

T3 H W
•H C rH

)HH

C 1 rH

OJ

01 to

01

c

t-l

01 0>

a

-H

>» o 3

CO

M -H

0) .»

rH

4-)

01 01

■H

rH O

QJ

l-l 4J

T3 1-

a

C U -H

h

01 OJ

O

•H Q) W

o

> -r-t

C XI

u

<1£ II
0 *-» cj

j=

O

tH CO

a)

DO

«4-l

QJ

t-l U

U

>- to u-

>*<+*

c

n n o

en

H M 00

rH O

*J i*-j

01

C C -H

c

T3

rH 0)

c

X»

•H tH t-i

«H U

C

3 co aj

3

« rH

B -H i-H

is

fl

CO

co u L

o

<o.

00

i-l

e

a «»H

u

(0

■H

i- a

3

3

o

• - t-<

>4H

kl

.- 0) rH

rH 1-1

r^ a]

0)

u

1-4

cd cd ■

ed M-.

0)

XI

•H 1_ •»

-a

0)

a a> a

CO

rl

CO

00 0> OJ

CJ

c

u to

M

<d a t-

43

c

01 o

OJ (0

B Ol

M

a

3

rH o» o

eg

0

B T3 0)

0)

01

a

•H

OJ 0) x:
CU T3 en

a

3

u

Ot C H
Q cd 5

01 1-

>

0

s

4J

a

o

u

00

I

,-.]

1 c

0)

•4-1

T3

C -H

*o

CO

01

c

01 u

IN

td

x> a-H

o>

x:

en

X

o

•a

c ^

c

o

M

t-i

td

to

01

o

lH

^ 01

o

-o

4-1

XI

i-H *-t

vO

41

tH

01

c td

cr-

O

•a

TJ y-^

-H V4

h

01

^ 00

eg x
B oi

.c

>u

■H CN

c

u

ai en

4-1

1-.

«

•- t-l

3

01 0)

JD

TJ

01

CO u

M >

TJ

c

t-i

01 01

O C

0

td

0

x: -a

> -H

o

>

co ai

3

-a

■H

•H 0

C U

c

c

U-l u

)-i -H

T3

cd

1-1

x:

« j=

C

M

td

c o

CJ 4J

tt

A

u

o trt

X)
0)
3
C

•H

4-1
C
O

U

u co

C u p .
O XI u

V*

4J

Xi

0

u

TJ T3

*J

01

0 c

td

>

o td

T3

c

3

01

■H

>.

M

o

■a oi

a

h

c •-*

u

cd oo^-v

1

c — <

ot

rl o <■

M

0) J t^

o

00-^ -H

>

CO

c

■H

01

•h --^ -a

£

X

rl o c

BS

ex -4? td

td

to en ti

u

(M

w — xi

o

8

•w

c

a

CO

10

^j

4J

i

<

as

c

aj

E

0

>

213

1 1

■a

>

a
a
z

II

co

£

c

cfl c

en B 3

o

CO 0)

cfl C a

CO

w

3 p

CO

>s>-4 0) ^

•J )3

11 V

M 0 (4 •

undan
h In
nner

V) o

CO 0 -H

•o 8

■H a en 3

C TJ

•h 3 a

e« C

0 0 u c

-O u 0

3

en >, co a

CO Cfl u

0) n

> 3

oi
■- - P -.

0) w

■H

CD Cfl QJ

rH Cfl

*J

Cfl 4J T3 c

rH 00.C

CD

U H P P

CO p u

rH

CO 3 3 0

U O P

01

Q.-0 0 O

O rH o

OS

W cfl '*- w

j co a

Vj -H

d o n

oi .*

C

c * o

o

CO 0)

•H

>, 3 n

4J

rH -H J

rH 3

C *J

CO Xi

■rt JJ -

U -H

d 0) n

o n

-J U

0

U)

■- - 3

-H

u n ja

Q

iH 60

ao c •

«J -H CO

H H 60

0)

Ji .£>

T3

3

■H

no a

3

c a

O 3

r-l

U

Cfl C-

■H

01

50

to

H

n

01

O CJ

a.

r-.—

01 01

on

CO c

a

tH b

•u o

i- 01

u

■3 §

r^''-'

fH

o

^H (0

psU

« rH

^H s^

a 3

c

O ed

-rl Cfl

■H l_

15

to u

cd

c

o a.

.. o

S3

^

u

.. x:

a

•a cu A
3 -a 3

0> CO

3

u

a

3 rH a

25

p

-C 0 c
< U 3

■a •h ^

§-§-h
^ x .a
« 3
oi a
>* oi a

■H C T3 I-

rH B OI O

00 60 w
CD U C

0jCi.l-.sD

8 ci aift

01 01 U5 On

r- r-J (3 OJ

a 3 O 60

Cfl O O C

01 w ^|

TJ 01 l-t

•h w -~n a ^

3 O m c/l *£>

x: r* w in

■* CD OS Cf\

D- O
(SI nD

a oi oi c -h

.C *J U '.J

> t-i U O 01

-H CU U 3 60

E 3

h

■H

60

o

C r-s

4-1

U

■H o

Rl

■rl

k- J3

-a

X

a. cjs

-a

OJ

<U

to -H

Q

ao

M

a

CT3

Cv|

a.

CD

C

o\

XI

CO u

XI

0) 3

c

0)

c

*-» Xi

CO

U

u

0

C5 TD

u

01

o

U O

-D

•a

>

u

J3 O

01

0)

0)

01 3

-a

0

£

M

w

C

<d

l-t T3

— *

ja

03

M

V c

X

o

U

bfl

> (0

^

c/l

M *J g
0) H S
•O 3 O

O t) U

ae to w

•o

41

<u

(0 60

u co" i

CO

at

01 '

O <U O

at

rH rH

T. r-> >,

I-

X) X)

CO 4J

«

CO 3

03 4J -

O CL

OI CO

■a

c

CO T-) 60

B

•O 3

4J -H

rO

c

r-i * Vj

H

(0 m

3 CO

C

01

T» 60 -H

■H

13 C

CO C -H

3 O

•H O

C

■-*

U U

U -H *

X- -^

•H D_ Cfl

>,

01

60 -^

•a *-.

CC£ U

c

rH 00

H U CI

■H

•h m

01 -H U
&. 3 3

1

DC O

00

a)

a

•H
V

C

T3

rg

o
o

.

S a

CJs

C

•>

t- 01

o

CO

XI CO

k-

■u

QJ

01 u

01

>.

*-4

T3 CO

•o

j: co

U

~4 U

N

01

•^. a oi

■fH »---

X)

o

U -H 4J

X

Ch

u

0) i- to

x:

N 0) l->

cd a xi

CO

CO

u

X)

/-s m

a

c/J

kt a>

to a\

8

60 c U

SKX-

13

o u

iH

to

rH

C

OJ

•5

r. ai

9

CO

oi u >

U rH

a.

1-.

u o c

O u ^

X)

x>

'J

*- co

OJ

> cd O

u

*d u

■a

■H -O U

a

E-o

-T

rH

C 01 u

CO

-J

■H

I u n

01

5. S

9

X

XI
0)

3

•H
4-1

c
o
o

o

CO

X
•H

8

o.

1

3<

o a.

CO M

o a:

-J H

d §

<: c/i

0

M

a uj

O

M rH

5£

cfl

3

a. o

oq

CT) G-

U

a

r-

CO

rJ

o

M

JS

5

u
H

s

<

214

1 5
§3

> •-

31

1
c

.„

1

ir

*Ji

fl

X

1

y-.

§

3

0

^

IIH

l~

13

u

0

o

a

V

n-4

Q

1

M

X

o

■H

u

l-

1

3

i4

■H

01

V-

&<

U

A

(0

E

o

in

5

to

u

u

«u

pq

r^

M

M

>.

a-.

*

-a
c

'i §

to

«

0)

■"■

o

■H

O

01

M

w

E

u

X

tJ

>-

o

a

a

u

u

u

§

0

&

0J

a.

QJ

o

A

k-i

<

*->

XI

tl

M

CO

H

"S ll

\D 0) U C (Q

•H 4-1 3

■ U 1? *

K 4J U 00 0)

2 3*3 g'

ex -a to u q ■

- -i •* as

5-5

0 1 41

o x * w

U 4J W 0) *J QJ

a u u u a u x

ai o <o o o> (0 w

O J3<H 0 M H Sm
X H 3 Cfl

01

B CO u O 0

o -h u ai ar ii

a

c

z

'J U « t-i t- CO u<

V CJ 0 <D ■- -H O

*4 00 ££a,«w,C

03xcoceoojcfl
a "0 CO tu prv a u—

■H C -H M-. to «0 «*-»

JE -H <4H OCQ-« 00 0

S3

CO CO '

(0

u

01 — <

01

01

c ^

in

u

a

•H

s

01

01 01

■O

u

CO B

01

4-1 *J

a i

s~

CO ec

M C r-*
0) -h in

C; 3 o>
S -O -«

£ £r

>, ^ (0

.-H O *J

01 CJ -H

4J JO

cd 00 cd

u a x

0* Tt

T3 1- 0)

cfl

u

X-

2 &

a. a

c a> — • w

a

>*

m -

C

O r^

n

CO OJ

11

s-' av

0)

c

'■w 1-

t-i

T3 ^ ^-v

-H

o

H

•H-^mco

^

CO O

U-l Cfl

3 m ■* n

CO X

-a

-» m

r- an a*

0) w

§

(Ti iH

— o-* — — <

M

— t (0

CO Of

7

CO 1- u

fO

M

M

M '-^

Cfl Cfl 0> 0)

Cfl

t- o

01

0)

U H U U

M

0) X

x:

4J ^-^

g-3 i §

01

Q. Cfl

(0

§s

§

01 *4

3

0) 3 O O

01 M-<

h

O CTi

Q w^, w

Q

T3 O

CQ

-H

M

-o a> B oi

C 01

CO >-. TJ -^

•W *J

01 CO tJ U 00

c

l-< rH O <*>

>! 3

a T3 O Z (T<

rH O

CO c u *-- -<

01 CO

C ^

■H

•O ^H 00 ^s J-i

CO en

1 CO

•h c c m oi

3 -H -3 -4- 4-t

01

i- a* c

•» M

— C 3 -» 3

-4 CO

H -H T3 O

CO

(0 t- '-'

Cfl T3

CO >. *J 01

0) 3

l-i --H O. *J <->.

m

Deme
main
exce
(Gun
1966

B ^

•^

01 C

C7»

Q -H

^^

c

C

r— I

o

■H

M

--H

IM

u

3

01

fl

rH

^

x:

c

3

i-

o

s

4J

0

a

c

oj

u

-^

x:

a-

w

fH

Bfl

DO

01

«J

a

as

<0

U

>

M

X

u

o

— i

"3

01

4~l

01

h

D9

u

j=

c

14-4

V4

C

en

OJ

«

0

(0

•H

0

0J

E

s

0J

u

3

to

1

M

CO

0J

u

kl

(0 ^

CO

H

m

m

TJ

(0

3

oi m

OJ

(T-

^

X)

C -o

u

-5

to

V-

ai

nj

0J

-a

0J

0J

0>

00— '

cfl

Ui

U

M

§

r-4

a

M

C

DO

h

0

11

01

■H

0j

D

■H 0>

i-

01

.r.

X

t-1

C

OJ

43

^ CO

a

a.

rj)

n

3

Cfl

U

73

Cfl

0) 0)

01

i*-

3

0G

>

4-1 O

01

u

<4-l

h

o

Bfl

3

C

M-l

c x

a

-o

0

CO

Uj

■^-i

-H

o

01 ^-^

o

o

T3 X

0)

M

CO

01 Cfl

>

X

<N

l-i «H

q

01

a>

a. '■«

•H

T3

~~

■• c

■H

u

0) o

(0

93

0

4-j i- o -a

Cfl ■■H H m

-O (I) v u -O ^,

01 01 < rH 00

W X Cfl -H (N

a. en oi c x .j--

•rl iJ O ^ —

• •» *H cd

01 V- CO ^ t"

1-1 rH X 4-1 t-l 01

O «-H 01 cfl 01 T3

> id u-o c a

01 -H

OJ o

t(

B

u

01 O

N 1-

CO -

X

c

CO

0)

B

00 u

(0 4-1

oox

CO

u

>

a

C X

t-i 01

rH O

cfl

C

c

M

0 u

oo -a

co cn

44

U

0

•H

u-4

0 w

-d ff

M

e

c

M

00 01

^o

0) -H

3

b

O

X

c ad

m

V4 U

3

0)

CT*

a x

X

00

u

*-•

M

U)

a -a

»n

0

u

a^

CO

0

0

on

4J

OJ

w 0

OJ x-v

*J *

0

0

CO

>

S-- ^)

Cfl -^

rH (A

N

:*

■O

5

0^

01 m

3 01

rH

a>

0 cr.

•a x

c

-a

E

O

00

x -•

cfl cfl

0

§

0J

a

u

CJ\ t

■H

E

u

•a -a

•- 14-1

T3

CO

— ' 3

§ co

01

01

M

f0

01

E

X

1-1 >~-t

01

01

a

u

rH T3

Ui

O rH

00

0

rH O

* X

5 §

c

>

to

01 O

(0 01

00 -H

•H

0J

E3

-H T3

E "

c

u

0

C

X

rH .-H

3

a. vo

u

to

CO T3

00 H

n c

O

CO

a-.

(0

•H

P. 5

C S

U it x>
> U) 4-1

U O >>^-^ — <

X)
<1J

3
C

a
o
u

■o
a

O

•H
C

a>

D.

a.

^ O -H

a

0

3

M

•H

at

OJ

h

>,

a.

a

^

a

-c

M

V

u

01

u

>

a

215

1 5

— s

O O
IJ

1

.■cs

X u d

£ S*

CO CO

CO X. -

> 4)

■o B o

u

>* 3

a

g to r~
to on

-< oc

0

V

z

u co

ao oj

a co

Shu

u

•HOB

<u ai

4. Q V

ax h

•o rH

0 XI

(0 •— H

a «

1 fl §l5

f-i 4J V- B «4H

a

^ CO R) 01 01

O -H OX '-B

U CD .-. B

HI

3

01

^

** *-» -C 3 O 00

§

CO

N ffl M a N

3 i-l » 0]

. "O l*H » -- fl)

>

z

XI

-o in

Approx
ter in

bottom
(Moore
Trent
value

44 -H
4-1 14-1

-1 00

Q

5-8

o

r-l U

(0

(0 4-1

n

E »-«.

41 4)

o a. •

en u

■H B rH

s^

CO -rl XI

It 14 3

u x: a

to q

cj 00 E

O 3

S3

B
•- -H r4

41 44

fO

03 B B
>- 41 5

H

41

CO .i O

o.lu

a 3

-O 00BQ

cfl Q. J- o-
CO O -*

CO ^ M l-i

U f-t 01 H

oi a |

o

•H OS

■on —

i s >.

cfl O *-> -*

*j C f-

S-s 3 OS

r-4 .H O — <

0) <-H •— '

u id x

a) <m oo o

U fl jO

0) 01 -H u

T3 *J t-i (0

a a a h

1 u-l

c *

O U-4

*J Cfl OS

1 .

4J CO

fl --

S oo

(0 oo

*o a i- .*-n

14

>v OJ /-«

•OB'-.

g -h oj •

3 ^ U H

gin

5 is

J-) 3 C -O

-o 3 -a

eg -a 3 3

a " i

UO 3

O O-

a

>> >.^ C

e e

>s >> a

.H .-4 3

•"<3

r-1 -1 3

01 rH >—l

4J

at <h

U flrl U

g « f
a 4) at

u id u

CO -H (0 01

CO i-4 Ot

■- - - c

■o x; a

u o a

01 0) c

SUE

Sao

01 01 c

•a a. -a o
a a a u

I D 3v

d a c

XI 44 o

O CO u

< XI ~

S 0* ^

at

01

13

M

0

H

13

iw

C

03

4)

£

A

CO

•o

0

01

a

OB

to

0)

c c

Cfl

M

11

M-4

u

-s

U

•H CO

h

P.

11

IH

ON

a

CO

(0

■a

O

■c

ca

O) •

01

01

c

01

i- u

PL)

13

B

M

rt

m

13

0 0)

■H

■H

0J

0)

_C X

3

x:

13

w

3

CO (0

>.

u

§

d

<4-t 3

o

u

3

>*-t OQ

r>-

■—j

C

CO

u

o

r-t

o

o

03

t-4

•*-,

-O

CO

(0

1

4)

CD

00 01

H

aq

-a

U

c u

OJ

CO

H

-j

01

•H 0

c <^

§

4->

oi

vH

m

1

> 0

0) CM

9

M

X

ON

85

U C^

CI

-Q

CO

■^

oH

Q

H —

C 01 -H

■ fl (0 fl

i O > 01 (A

, u i- >. > co

! ^^ (0 rH 3 0)

I r-< r* -n u

H to co

u cO TD fl *-

iJU tw IU UJ • U WJ

co aj aj <— l CD o>

ES 10 U^IH^ *0 .

01 00 Cfl 3 C -^ -H i

G. -h f-* 3 <r

>H UO C Ov

a-.

cfl co s e -h

■O Jl^ M -H

iH

CO -H rH a 01 ^0)

CO U

(fl 0)

C J3. Cfl C <H -^

1m -U

Cfl OJ 3 01 5 fl Wi
00 > O.T3 O f\ CO

003 c^u <go-
W i-i3 3 w a ^

a §

01 o

Q "-"

00

OO

B T3

C ^

3 §

o »n

•H -*

Cfl

CO I3N

l-l

>> 01

>.

■-H 00

r-l H

c c ^

5 2

■rt T-I O

B D- C3N

§ §

VI —

O

CO cfl C

■H

CO en

to 01 3

cfl oi

U JZ -O

- X

d) U T3

01 u

0 fl O

a co

3 0! O

01 0)

Q X 3

Q X

•a
a)

3
C
•H

a §

x; -rf
a u
o to

4- r-l

H 41

>-

u X

.—1

^^

H

01 01

t-i iH

OO

N ->

01 X

eg

h

(0 t-i

00w

CTn

1

- 01

c

00 >

-5

u o

M

i-

a so

QJ

a.

Cfl

C7i CT\

13

-H 3

rH XI

4) -o

) B O

3 cjv- «

•- O T* o

O 44 £ 01 C 44

4-4 o u 3 C x:

O > E 4J 3 U

CJ O T) 3 CO

s -a

•* O (0 *J H

OJ M H rl flj

i-t o a u oo

o > o *-* fl

> i-4 O 01 -H /—*

i-t fl N TJ U O

JC a xi

rd c c co o>

O O O •-' — i

t5

0

t>0 H

C ^ X

1 i-4 O "— '
I -V-i X

; O. C3P\ TJ »-*■

» VI •-< c 00

; w co cn

e as

i- -o —

OI C

U 0

o

C N

l-i CO

cfl i-

U 00

0) 3 n

*J J3 (0 iU

cfl -a t-i oi

tM O -O "O

£1 Q 01 01

0) 3 T3 O -— •

4-> h i- a

I- T3 i-l X -3-

nl ^ X O (7\

w CO —

-O C

01 cn U cfl

0> CQ 3 01

- i' X) t-i

I b T3 O

§cfl O 01

o a

u 33 a
u O

O H TJ fll

X >H C 00

01 CO 1-, O

E01
-a *j

01 o c

-h 3 a ^

U I- oo

01 TJ J) CM

a q oi os

cfl eg *o —

oi

■H U

'V

i-l .— .

CO -H -^

O -^

>

i- O

M o

u m

a -o

di a>o

r. <x

C

CO Os

0) CO OS

U OS

■H

v.^ -H

C/5 ^^ — i

to —

CJ -H ~— -■

T3
<D
3
C

•H
W
C

o
u

o

r-l
vO

1

a)

0

o

B
O

US

5

0

9

1
u

0

.3

B
I

0

s

8
1

216

t §

O CO

jz c -d en oj

■a 03 CO fl -H M

■OJ -h *-i <fl 4-i (Q

*J M-l U

-H CU O 0) rH 13

)*H M) U i

4-1

0

1

*-»

x:

B

*J

4-1

W

0)

oi

§

4-1
O

M

O

fi

a

0

-Q

u-i

g

T3

a

•3

XT

u

S

■H

4J

ai

U

CO

^

U

a

o

U

u

3

x:

<u

x:

to

x.

o

T>

a

>M

3

r-*

a

■H

tw

9

i*

•H

*M

0

oa

— i

3

13

11

T3 1 fl

fl 4-1 0

S >*-. -H /*v

60

■h o u m

e

fl)

(3 co -sf

•rl 11^

c

rl DO UON

W |J IflO-

0

fl 00*-<

fl G- 01 cn
fl CD O ON

00

a -h -h

fl

■h u a u

T3 33 -^

Qj u

3 QJ

fl -fl w

3 c a
xi (0 .-> 0

c/l u

^ -O 00 4-i

C

-I fl fl

■a co

fl 4-1 -H 3

Cfl f> CO

§1

?n QJ ON cfl

3

Q u CO

H Uh ]|

23

X 0-~

at c a*

•« 0) W |H

4-1 -H Cfl *-'

■H

QJ 01

fl 3 a

4J

CD CO 0* 4-1

l-l «H r~v

CO

M (d h c

fl cu O -H

a u x: j

QJ OJ X) m

r-i

■T3 U fl \D

CD

O fl t/1 ON

b:

en « i«^

5E .H w-.

•a xi

3

a a
•h o

rH U

a 11

u

0J
u) 10

« 3

V) to

«&^

10

-o

D

QJ

X>

i
x>

10

3

to

=1

>, Xl

r.

rH

10

<U

H

-C

i

u

01

0

O

0J

u

01

-c

u

10

91

u

x>

0J

00

I

0

o

0

a

C (J

U QJ Ui 0) CO

O O 3 Q)

4J O 4J (fl O 00

w ■*_• U) 0) -~' C -— .

G O <H -H ^>

fl "O CU -H ifl MiTI

H fl C fl HO

a, a* ^> oi cu c/i -h

1- . > U *-'

0) an 3 fl in

fl cn xi "n ^n -h

Eat 3 -o m ^h

•o a. -o c -J t-H

fl -H fl fl fl ON 3

-J 3 3 3 -H -i CQ

■s §

V4

^

QJ

•a

o

s

^H •

■H

fl

1

■H 60 ,C3> 0

x:

>.

0)

^-^

c

fl •

CN l-l

■*»»,

4J

u

u

-H

•H D

o> x:

u

C

fl

fl

o

O N-'

— * cj

o

CD

3

4-1

4J

u

QJ

w

4-1

X)

cn

CO

fl

■H

a cn

C

fl

a

3

CJ

c

•fl

x:

(A ^

o *o

■fl

■H

U

---1

0

01

i~p

0) CO

w fl

0)

U /-^

£

■H

u

c

3

M

1

to

00

a.

4J

a

OJ

fl

P.

0J

• in

O

fl

A

(fl iH

OJ -o

CO

4-1

cn on

M

<H

S 1

t%

Cfl

QJ -4

H

0)

QJ

c

01

fl

1-1

u

DC

W

0

fl

u

(J

o

X)

01 —

o

t-i 0)

(0

-O

o

CU

CO ^H

>

l-l

XI >

■H

<U

>

u

4-J

JZ QJ

-H

QJ

QJ ^H

Q

-a

•H

CU

u

u C

c

N

4J CO

H

CO

E

N

OJ

>N I-.

>-<

cfl

1-. >

tH

■H

eM

cfl

>

rH CO

fl

U

01 tH

3

X

o>

fl

l-i

B

o o

CJ

00

> x>

5:

*-^

^*

O

00 "H

aw

a

10 M

3 id

^3

-H

00 01

9

3

rH

■3 c

O 01

a

•H

h §

rS «

c

a

a

3

* a

>-. n

>. J=

W w

r< U

h

rH JJ

r^

01 c

f

0 -H

O --S

> 01

c

■H »

cu m

o

c

§^

n ■*

u a

o

» ON

10 O

u

01

u

.* aj

U 10

CO r-l

u o

10

•H -H

OJ QJ

^H

•H u

01

00 u

■H 4J

XI

00

£

10 0

4J C

3

10 T3

u

rH to

QJ O

a

01 <ii

10

01 01

c

01

f-l — '

9

Ou 4J

XI

T3

a)

3

C

■H

■U

•o

C

00

c

u

o
a

a

V- 00
00 fH

ai at -^

4J TJ N

fl at o

O ON

at no xi u i

u oi ot x:

?X u U X

cj h cn u

•H Ifl 41 -H

c5 fl

5 §•

-a

QJ
•H

p
•a
<

O
CO

CO

vO

X
•H

C
H)
&

t/l

3 a

10

a w

M M

to

O. rV,

3

£§

&S5

a

13

rJ

O
U

2

4-1
<

217

a I

U CD
O -H

t:

•H
t-i CO

O JD

I 3

O -H

u a)

o x>
a

£ s

c
a

z

a

s

K

■a m

01 -H

11

a
c

^ ai ^

^H trt <

•o x: *->

3 3 .H

XI O Xl

0 H 3

£ a

>. u a

0) t-

u a) v-

o u

►J "

c

3

O

nd

^.^

nj

CO

0J

m

U

C*

p.

UD

CJ

M

■0

ty

■H

U

3

c

S

•"

o

a

(*1

4-1

i

1

o%

a

ai

^H

H

3

-a

C

O

■rl

• l-<

3

-Q

r-t 4)

3

e

,0 w

T) /~*

B.

•H

3 C

CO 00

o

B

a 3

tU ft

■H

3

Os

c o

1- 01

e

3 w

CUrH

o

ti

C

a

(J

01

T-*

u ^

CD l-i

J*

c

§

a> m

x) a)

i

c
o

C <f

a a*

*s

^H

o

(0

O rH

a

OJ

CJ

.* o

H

»-' u

U v- '

a

TJ

-H

0

-H

to

Rl

c

CD -U

00^

>

01

0>

eg c

ftj «A

>-.

u

>

ai 3

rH ■*»

0)

&

3

^ O

a> a»

£

M

a

i

•^

B

1

3
■

..

00

4-1

C

§

u

T3

3

c

T3

3

^H

XI

U)

X)

O

V

3

X!

a

>s

U

a

H

O

:=>

a)

01

w

XI

h

nj

01

h

00

c

oj

c

c

•o

o

0

o

^H

CJ

£

01

n

TJ 0)

a

01
01
T3

C

3

XI

rH

3 C

/-v .C

O. -H

u-t 3

0

a

-* p.

■H

3 >N<T> C

C
0

.-a

<H 3

(J

01 *H

M t->

Jj

§ §

0) 0)

c

u a

nj

0

c c

rH

U 00

3 O

a.

w m

O U

0)

*o -H

o

(0 c

CD ^-s.

£

01 01

m co

>- >

ai en

ra

a 3

l-i CT»

a w
CO q

frU

•H m QJ

rH <u ai o
a» t- h o

11

ta ao

0) m
l-i ot

&rH

01 u

.«.

CS

o

•H

DC

rO

u-i

rH

-*

aj

Oi

-a

3

q

•H

rH O

ai 01

r-|

^H

u

4)

4-> r-

O -H

*J

•H

c

O

C CTv

t-> U

c

C

OJ

r>

(0 rH

J= 41

cfl

at

X

C

u a

a

>

o

(0

"^ S

tn io

•H

5

a

crt

U C

S 3

0

▼i

•-*

th o

O T3

TJ 01

0

rH

•a

j: -h

•u o

C 00

•a

CO

3

c

a. *j

at •*-"

CO CO

0J

cd

00

B

CO

0 CO

u

M

u

iTl

M ^-t

a. co

T) O

o.

■

o>

T3

T)

H 01

3

C "4-.

9

4)

a

oc

.- o

CO

O

O.

to

0> M

l- 1

at

u

■H

M

1- O

.a

u

o

t-H

h

-n

o >

01 /-%

o

>

at

4-1

01

> "H

TJ 00

>

E

0)

-O ^"X

■H JJ

rH CM

•H

J3

rH 00

C U

S2

rl

CO

41

•H CN

§ at

0)

a

4)

33 <T,

o X

^^

C

jn

w

t/1

W rH

4)

41

4)

M

C

4J

?

0)

u

*j

>

-JD

Efl

(0

01

u

4J

-a

CD

rl

c

■^

4)

«

u

>

c
o
u

u o a ~-t

0)
D
C
•H

C
O
U

3

3

o

CO

VO

•a

8

x

§ §

9

01

3

<

218

■g §

O u

C u

o o

g

z

01

g

z

a

0

z

.3 §

a

01

i a

[*

1

a i-i

-1

CO CO

O 01

V

CJ rH

■H 01

M

CJ »

CO

eg «

O CO

CO •

v-. at

M

U CD

fl

■• 4J

O rH

•- -H

CJ

o 3

U 0)

■h a

CO

T-l «

*J -H

• * u

4-1 --S

a

U *J

•

p. * .

£1

•H

rH

>S CO r-t

» 3 -■

3

4J B

■B

(0

a

a

(0 0.

•• u

c

0

•* *J 0

CJ

3

cj at

3

a) o

K >,

j.4

u C

CO rH

M

.. eg

M

CO «H M

1' rH

0)

<D 4J

01

t-i 0)

<0

Erg

o

CO

(0 rH

o

ery

aken
Conn

ai -ri

u

a-H

cj

u 9

cd

-h o

Q at

rH U

O '"*

CO ^

CB S

a

O 00

03 U

■H rH

u

s s

0 1

U 1-

U 4J •-*

•- -H

0

01 M

H

-i-2

CO J=
M CD

■B

<Q

a

»-- 1- a

a C

a

3 J5 fl

K DO

tfl -H

E3

fl«

ooc*

U CJ

C -1

O ^

0

CO

rH U

CD CO

c

tfl 01

CO 0)

o

u

•H

•H

>. c

>s 4J

4-1

rH 3

■H 4J

<H 3

C O

C 0)

ctt J3

•H *—* /-s

•H t-j

CJ -H
O U

CO CO
B « en

§ -

-J W

co c*

CO

CO

•• at H

• - "n

-H

■H U

rH OJ ^

a

CO (0 r-.

CO 0J *

CO a)

CO 1-1 rH

m a) u

u x>

u m d

1 o 3

01 £ 3
B " O.

3 A u

01 -H C
O 9 3

O K1-'

•H O

C tH

a u

4>

r^

rC

■o cr*

CO
■H

S^

(4-1

C

U O)

CI

0) t-i

0

00 oo

fl rH

u

■h x:

0

u to

u

a a

a)

en ^

■a

^— •

at

t-i

CO o

a

0) ^o

iJ ON

(0 ^H

a)

M

a

■3 E

>

4J 3

■H

01 ^

O rH

<0 CO

s^

-C

s

01 --v

(0 1

5

4J

o

a o

-a <o

c

M

0) ■£)

•H 4-1

3

0)

M-l

oo a*

O CO

XI

.n

C -t

U 3

13

XJ

0

-a u

O

C

at

° E

>, o

O

o

M

j:

■x

»-.

•u 3

M

0J

rH .n

C CO

-o

O

»4H

3 -O

O 0)

§

u

c

O 0

4J

f0

■H

o

U 01

-o

"— '

E3

01 0

rl

0J

N J3

0J

Vj

(0

at -a

cQ u

00

a

u

u O

M >>

a

4J

CO CO

00 rH

■H

ot t-i at u

«o

■h -^

u m

o i-^

CO o\

a.

4J

V

3

01 01

-O -— .

•o t.

CT\

o

■o *>

C J=

co a«

■H 0)

0» rH

l(H

u

>. C*H

a c

rH O

CO 0

B

0) CO

•H M

-a r»

3^

en

■H (0

s£)

3 3

4J

o>

»- M

rH (0

"H a

« «<M

C

CO O

to

o

E 1

t-l CO

05

§ s

3

(0

a S

0) t-

p

& §

n c«

>^

•a

B

•H
■U
C

o
o

CO c9 i

T3

3
C
•H

c

O

o

o

CO
en
vO

X

•H

-a

8

a,

>

3
U

01

01

u

a

■rl — . TS

§

-H

-C

§

rH

0)

U

rH

n

0

CO

l

i

es

M M

88

8

3

219

*
oi

3

>
13 CO

<u <

u ■■*

n

JS i

41 X

C *H

■a"3

0 rH

9 -a

C -t

" C

u B

u 0

3

3

3

!>.

>>

>.

i-H U

^H ^

W l~

M 01

-I 01

t-H 0)

CO C

a e

CO C

a c

c a

a a

o o

□ 0

o o

■H O

•h u

■H o

CO w

(0 w

CO ^

a

a

eg

u co

U CO

CJ CO

U 0)

U r-t

'J cu

o a

o 3

o c

•H

a

■rt

•- a)

••> u

•- tu

U (0

u

ai u
u

01 1

C CU

a .h

a o

3 a

M d

•o a

(0 o

3

w o

>.

rH U

a a

■* a

(0 3

o o

a n)

ill u

O K

a^"-N

•H *J

00 CO

(0

tin

CD -

jr on

u CO

•- 4J iH

u v

u r.

o a

B O k
CO S 01

■H

.. cu

XI

13 *J

CU CO

3

§ B §

CO c

c

3 S3

<* -H

p

no

-

a

0J

O

M

tJ

^H

8

t-i

CO

4J

J2

i

I

*J

-C

•a

u

H

«

*"*

3

CU
CO

i

3(

D-

C

X)

I

P

cd

|

cu

3

M

CO

00

CO

CU

CO

§

a

i
§

a.

o

T-l

o

CO

X

rj

CO

CO

01

£•

■C

— *

o

CO

9

4J

CO

tn

•o

c

01

a-

<

cu

-D

H

TS

-o

CU cu

§

§

rt §

.H

H

•H O

c

a

a o

-H

CO ki-
ll CU

0 ^

CO

c

to c

c *-%

CO CO

c

iH

CO e

-H CTi

(0 CM

o

CO O

^O

cu

•H

>N

a. id

>^CI>

>s CU

u

•H M

— 1

3

e

u

c

c

CO

X

•^

n ^

•H C

O

•H

a

cu en

S 3

CO CD

B cu

O

U

C •£>

J

4J

c*

3

■h:

n

TJ '-H

.- CO

• - *j

<-H

c

»H Q

a

(0

CO C

CO w

CO CU

CD

o

CO

CO T-)

h

CO CO

X>

t-i CO

M

1

co 3

3

CU (0

cu x:

CU <0

a

a cu

h

CU

k- O

e

CU 1-

a

to ^

p

Q to

CU co
w en

U XI ^
3 3 On

X) CO ■£>

cu -a 3

6 c co

0) cD Q

c

00

■H

OC

§^

>.

a

o <r

--(

>> <?>

c

>

0

§

E

10 M

cu cu

w

B u

CO

0

■H C

u

J3

iJ 3

■- (0 M CU

u o u t-

■h .v. x: a cu

oo cu co co u

co a m cu c

H 41 !0-O 3

CU CU CU -H O

Ml C 3^

o *j d cu

C i-J

x>

U

X

13

o

O CD

-a

o

O)

C

X

M

o

u

d

M X)

o

(0

u

k-

at <u

3

TJ

V

X

N i-i

CU

>

a>

CO

CO u

T)

M

c

■a

CN

M CU

C

a

■H

eyi

00 >

CO

a

^H

a

U

r~-

'- -H

1-1

cu

•H

M

tO

CU

a)

u

X

CU

O^

u u

00

o

4J

c

13

.-H

O -H

B

>

C

o

QJ

> x:

■H

— 1

S

-H

o

O)

■^ 4J

M

E

X

M

u

CO

5 ■-"

CL

w

x:

o>

f cu

cn

ffl

a

CO

a

o

5 x.

*-'

U

o

o

in

x

c c

1

■H CO

It,

C/l

•

m

c

>.

r**

U CO

ca

c^

O M

P

" XI

CO CU

cu

TJ T3

I

CU ^H

CO

.IS

CN

u

o

LO

■ ■

T3

01 CO

k

s

b 01

u

o x:

TJ

> B

ai

M

o

OJ

C c"

M

P

a)

3
C
■H
4J

c
o
o

•a

(U

3

C

•H
4J

c
o
u

t

3

o

CO

•H
C

u

CO

as

220

I

I

c u
o o

g

z

u

■u u

OJ

o>

c

U M

M

M

at

0 fl

o

H

a

X) i*H

0

o

g

TJ

|

—1 XI

a) u

§

5

•H *J

a)

u

u a

M

u

4-1 U

O

01

i-

3x

.£

XI •—

0

tn

§g

a

tj a

HH

Tj

3 -H

14-.

u. o>

S

■H 14H

o

<0 iH

o u a m-i

u u o v o

a *-» o ^

01 O X H M

TJ X!

r-H x: a w

a) u a u

-Hi-) 0)

y u 4 u «4-i

o 3 x: cd o u

3 TJ co 3 r- o

■H a -H 1- Ch X!

S tH ^ «H CO

4J (tf 3

§3

ad o a

C ex "Dm

■8 3

0 2
cfl

01

u a

<-> a

u a o

§ §

a ai o
a) u o

tj u

•ok*--

§~

1 " .

XI CD

xi co x:

* rH

(fl rH 4J

»

3 a

Cs <s

M» O

rH t-t

rH K S

0) 4-1

a> u y^

u

4J AJ .

2 I

~-(

CO P. CD rH

u W ai xi

XI

01 -H

3

0) -H TJ 3

TJ ^

Cl

-O MH ft

0 X!

C

o x: o c

r <n

:=>

S B OD

ai w; ^

■° 15

•a

C 0 CD

15

•H >s t-i

a)

to

in

M

r^ •» 01

<r

a

rH CD C!

OX

00

3 4-1

rH

01 ^~

■H rH C

t) m

00

ra D rl

i- GO

*s

m

S 13

01 ro

OX

CO TJ

*-» CT*

rH

(0

§H

rH to at

U M

t-l

ra ra m

O Ui

■h a)

0)

CD (X

w a)

00 4-1

4U

M CD CO

u

CO C

c

01 CO 01

S 1

rH 3

5

B 01 TJ

o» o

o

0) M -H
Q co 3

u o

cu ^

v"'

(0 *-'

• •>

tj

c

CD

(0

co

31

0)

u

BO

t4 -~^

0)

tfl

u ao

e

u

4-» -^

tu

t-l

0) ox

TJ »-i

X)

rl

■

r-

3

^

■H

o

o

0)

»

Xi

•o o

3 JZ

c

x:

h

H

IB

to m

c

-H CD

>H

ffl

o

c

0> Ox

MH

■4H

o

4-1

iH

r* -*

m

x**-<

>,<4H

X

a

u

a.

Ssr-

rH O

o

0)

CD 00

H C}\^

a

o

a

h

0) t-4

3 rH O

■H P

m

■H

>H

H

TJ 3

■h m

15

J!

§

01

m

00

<-s

H

x:

<T

XI

en

B rH rH

4-1

4J

a>

B

CT>

3

rH

■* u

DC

M

-•> -H

•- (0 M

rH CO

V4

CO

rH U

rH S tl

CO <4H

3

cO

CM

u

k-

M

(0 *-*

CO ^ 3

CO

X)

CO

01

01

0)

CD

CD XI

U CD

CD

M

SB

4-1

X!

4-1

M --^

14 CO CO

OJ CO

c

91

CO

c

CD

a

o

o) m

01 CO C

e ai

■H

1

0)

3

3

3

m

S r~-

S 0» -rl

01 M

o

0)

1-

o

M

o

Ox

01 o-.

0) 1- o

Q co

*-^

Q

ca

CQ

H

Q rH

Q ro^

-a
I

•H

c
o
o

x; -h
a u
o n

(0 X)

CO X)

TJ 0) TJ

TJ 01 TJ

oj 4-« a

U U B)

OJ 4-4 C

M t-. (0

CX 0)

a o)

> Tl

> TJ

•• C 3

•" c a

01 -H (0

0) -rH CO

»H 1-1

t- l-l

§ E

03 t

•- C 3

Of (5 X)

M 0) T3

O O O

p x: ^H C Xi rH

M 03 -H U 01 -H

C
o
u

o

en

5 ^

vO

35

c

a,
a.

e

o

3 3

221

Is

a u
o u
o o

-I

D

o
z

3

■a

> X.

11

I

o

ks

O iH AJ <U

j u eg i..

c xj co >« _

ac -h n-» o ~~

a

M rH

a) xi
*J 3

n d

at c 4

> OT)

th (o q

*j cd 3

to i> -a

-H trt <
0)

0 01

a

ss

I

a

4J T3

Hi J
M 0 3

a a a

O J= 0

"3

3

(J

h u

V- 4-1

§ 3

01 0J 3

l- -j Cu

a

id

•O Ji O.

a) d

a c

a d

XI H

O a) C

a c ■*

C/l >H

Cfl -H

<C u

X *-» ^

t/J -H <-t

^

IP

m

In

o.-»

0 r-

acooD

l

01

p. Of

*j o\

a. m en

0)

u

•O "4-1

0 ^H

*-l t— (

O CTi <7t

M

c

d «w

H

o

f-i >— 1 rH

CL • M-i

3

ca o

w M

XI ^

■O *W

O

CO K

11

y-t

0) l-i

•30

c

•o «

00 o

XI CO 4)

T3 SB

00 XI

0

n c

41 3

d 03

(0 0) u

(0

d d

~4

•H

2 3 §

0) 4-4 T3

u-n

tH (Oa

u

^ O

l-i TJ

t- o d

<T

i-i ao

iH

3

a^

t-i d

-J

d,^ o

a at

On

M O- m

«1

£

00

01 CO

m

CO "-'

CD CD

01 1 o.

iH

oj pl a>

U

■H

v ,-,

•M

ON

01 -~s

**-i O i— l

0

U

•a <n

0) a.

TJtN^

x) o a

u

01 H

-J

*J

■H i-^

CO

m a

■h r- m

-H *-» O

<V

iu -w a>

00

3 o-.

en

a o

-o

S c* -a-

» *-» H

<VJ

a a

iH

o«

H

c

.— 1 ON

O "-'

a

CD 0)

Q

B

• •> »— i

.- x«

3

•- 01 0

r-i M-i

LU

.H *n

ca oo 3

o

i-t w X

03 n-i

u

to -o

XI

ff ■*. u.

CO « ^-

01 o

0)

CO c

■

CD O 01

co d *j

m w.

u X

•J

u <o

•a

1* X 4J

I-. -H -H

^ u^

l-a

0

1 <"

0) c
e -V 3

111 M M

(N

CO

1) B - j

3

■H

E i- *-»

r*%

en

B X» r^

1 3

u

o» ^-<

I

o) d o

a> a) at

cr

en

11 3 CTi

Q O

w

Q tC^

Q iw T>

«H

«H

Q MH

.2? 5

to d d
(-. qi d

to £ O

OJ

3

eo m

0) 0>

u

-a

O

4) r-

T3 li

01

bs

C ON

0

00

c

d x:

c

tu

M

-rH CD

3

01 CD

Ifcl

M

a

X)

4-> ^H

>s**-«

P-

d H

rH O

cn

iH

CO

0> CO

d

3

a)

3

— i m

T3

01

>s^

§^

CO

u

00

m *o

CO

rH «

m

4J

r- m

cd 0)

a*

• - u

ON o

.-<

OJ

d m

r-t CO

iH «H

CD

h

O Cfl

eg '—

05

o

*H

01

CD

CD CO

|UI

x:

CD 0)

a

U CO

^H -H

1

CD

CO k~

V

0J CO

rH ^H

E

(M

CJ O

i

e a>

Cfl ■-<

01

U XI

01 l-i

3 3

Q

O

O CO

x-'

Q CO

w ga

c
o
ao

■a

3

e

c
o
o

•H O

a u
o a

cd o%

CD

01 co

.. c

01 CO

U< CU >*-<

U OJ

O U M-l

o o

> q) O

> (0

■H 4J X

d CD
C 3 T3

E 3K

CO U C

(0 U (J\

u

3

CN

0

■u

P^-

4J

u

C7*

fl

"O

X3

0)

d

"+-(

M

CO

U-l

a.

O

to

X

OJ

0)

u

•a

u

4)

d

o

ro

CO

>

x:

^H

u

D./-V

E

>.

CL<T

H

o m

CO

O

H a*

u

o-

-— ' rH

-a

3

•5

ai

u

O

x

■H

■a

|

§ t

5 -3

c -a
U 3

222

IS

3

a ^

fl J3

■H .

*J 3

a

a

>v.O

>* a

at

-H 3

•H "J

^

^h a

tH

(0

ffl c

(0 U

4->

tj

■H 3

a at

a at

Cfl rH CJ

0) u

5 §

c

01

at c

a oj

CD O

u

at c tij

CD c

oj a

<8 U

14-1

> 0 TJ

O ^

o

■h to g

0

o

•« u

0 tD

co -J .a
rH c/i «j

a w

>-*

4-)

0

i do

^ O rH

a ^

J* 4J 3

c a c

O -H O
-H TJ U

%"c

U *J

■
a a

v-i tn >r

rH at oo

at r-» \o

rH i-l a

o.a\ <y\

<0 C -H

at -H rH

3 3 H

01

^ O P.

• - u

TJ 00 C

w t/5

TJ 0)

rH O

TJ w

(0 4J

C rH Q0

CO a

h 3 CO

H U >

41 in ^

3 CO

>-> <T CO

aom

>.>- Q

o-o-v in a

CD >-" C^

00 rH CJ\ ^o

0) rH

C CO

at rH m

*o ---.

-H Ha

■o U 0*»

•H m at

co at co

•H 0J Ot rH

3 <r to

0 M <r>

3 4-1 CO

o> at

CO Oi

c at to

• - rH O

■* 3 0 -H

rH X

rH at

HOIH

(fl r« *-•*

to •- i~

(0 '*-' ^ rH

co at

oo o at

co 3

M U/-N

t-t -G 4->

t-i ^-s ^-, CQ

at c co

at « c

0) un co

B 3 f>

0 *h 3

0 r-^ m tj
at ct* cr* c

at u a%

O iw CJ

Q "^ rH

Q O w

QHH a

a-o cr>

fi-

CO c

01 C rH

at

3 3

at co

at

w o

*o CO im

TJ <y

IIH

M

C 00 o

c o

•U rH

H CI

•H X

en m ^

•H

CO

at o^ oo

>nU t

!X **H

UHd

rH M C

rH 4-1

a c-

rH at co

rH O --N

n ooh

(0 Uh

3 at a.

CO rH

at i-

3 ^ m

*a 3 n

to M O-'-v
3 a o m

CD U O

3 JZ rH

•h jd at

3 00 *j

H r--.

..5 §

• - TJ ^ C7«

•- r. U

rH a rH

h ni u

rH CJ O

CO CO CO

CO UH 3

CO WW

00 0 CD

01 rO

CO

r< GO O rH

r. (0 00

r- A ,-s

01 CO 4-t rH

0 at u co

at co c

at m m

0 at -h

0N-J

at i4 o 3

0) rt o

4IO\m

Q id ^^

Q IB*-'

Q rH rH

v a h at

*j a
CO o

3 H

0J X

10 CIS TJ TJ in

co 0 c C r*

0} CO <T>

DO B rH

g 3 co >,

3 co at i-i to

O OJ JZ U r-4

>. co u at rH

OC flj cQ dj

• - i- at --* 3

U « J3 w

— i CO

00 00 CO .—*

CO J3 C CO rH

T3

rH 4-t O 0) O

01 -H rH rl a»

cu

b 3 CO CQ rH

3

c

•H

4-1

C

o

o

■H O

JZ -H

a 4-i

u

c

•OJ

o

a) r~

*J

§

a) <y>

n)

4-t rH

-o

01

U

03 t4H

M

a

J= u-t

a.

OJ

U O

ij

>. B

■

at

u

O 73

M

n

a e

o

a

«

>

*-i

u

u a

E

it
>

c a

01 o

a

c

0) H

u

T-t

U w

op. ^,

-a

3
C

C

o

o

<T)

•h j:

tfl tfl

3 -h

X
•H

•a
c

a,

3

M W

o o

en to

o -*-

O 3
O O

<

223

3 §

01

§

z

I

z

g

0

z

a

0) t-

1 i

o

3~

, -3

u a.

a ai

a a

i §

oi a

a

a. u

u

ed 0)

C

u

ts a

§5

rH O

r-i CJ

•o W

a
o n

IS

O0-H

C -Q
•H 3

0

3

c

a

>H

A

LI

aj

(j

■a

a>

d

i

1

H

E

-O

3

cO

5

n

u

3

>-,

u

C

81

►»*H

*J

XI

aj

>.

i-

a

iH

-^

01

1

a

3

T3

•H

&

O

<U

C

X

u

B

3

a

01

a

§

0)

0

c

u

c

01

CO

u

ai

*4H

0

4->

at

u

*-i

i-H

bC

X)

a

ID

3

DC

P.

0)

•H

C

a.

rt

P

0) <T

a. as

i-4 *J

H

Q Q> ^}

■3 3

t"H

U O Os

3 O

3

O H 01 H

P3

'*- CO

- V CO

TJ .-*

-a

rH w O -H

nj in

g

n) a ffl -h

01 <T

U (U s--" rH

U OS

•H CO 3

CL rH

t-i

D. CU x-s CQ

CO

QJ

O V- u-i

0) U

u

1- P-P^ tj

T3 <U

c

u as C

-H *J

—i

*J rH CO

s e

u

CO O

3

CL

C a) u

• - o

[fl

• * rH 01

U *~ '

U >,H M

T-l

-H rH CO C

00 ^

OOrH 3 -H

nj m

CO

vO

cq aj w ^

^-l r*.

r-i

Ifl

rH 3 a

at os

at

at

ai co >-. en

a, rH

«H

r-t

O. 3 rH w

x:

1

^-^

u

c

*o <r

C

C m

01

CO os

XI

00

rH

a

u

a

tH

01 T3

0

H

00 *H

u

01

a.

> w X> 3

•a

3

a

c
o
u

o

CO
CO

X

•H

g

a-

3
01

5

c

•H

d

3

a
3

2!
65!

3

H

>

XL
O

o

a

224

Appendix 6 .3(31) . Phytoplankton species found in
inshore open waters in southeastern Louisiana
(Day et al. 1976)

Taxa

Characteristic Salinity Range
Saline Brackish Fresh

COCCOID BLUE-GREEN

Microcystis sp .

FILAMENTOUS BLUE-GREEN
Anabaena sp .
Gomphospherea sp .
Merismopedia sp .
M. elegans
Oscillatoria sp .
Spirulina sp .
Gleocapsa sp .

X

X
X
X
X
X
X

COCCOID GREEN

Chlorella sp .
Tetraedron trigonium

X

X
X

FLAGELLATED GREEN

Ch 1 amy d omon as sp.

CENTRIC DIATOMS

Coscinodiscus sp .
C_. radiatus
Cyclotella sp .
C_. meneghiniana

X
X
X

PENNATE DIATOMS
Amphora sp .
Cocconeis placentula
Epithemia argus
Fragilaria sp.

continued
225

X
X

X

Appendix 6.3(31). Continued

Species

Gomphenema sp .
Gyros igma peisonis
Navicula sp .
Hantzschia sp .
Nitzchia closterium
Pinnularia biceps
P_. viridis
Synedia sp .

Saline

X

Brackish

X

X

X
X

Fresh
X

X
X
X
X

OTHER DIATOMS

Actmorphycus sp .
Biddulphia sp .
Chaetocerus sp.
Cylindrotheca closterium
Niloschis pun gens
Rhizosolemia sp .
Skeletonema sp.
Th alias ionema sp .

X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X

DINOFLAGELLATES

Ceratium fusus

C. hirans

C_. trichocerus
C_. tripos
C_. vultur
Peridinum sp .
Procontrum gracile
Gonyaulax monilata
Dinophysis candata

X
X
X
X
X

X
X
X

X

EUGLENOIDS

Euglena sp .
Phacus sp .
Trachelomonas sp ,

continued
226

X

X
X

Appendix 6.3(31). Concluded.

Species

Saline

Brackish

Fresh

OTHERS

Scenedesmus quadricauda
Chara sp .

X
X

227

Appendix 6.3(32). Components of the zooplankton recorded for
Louisiana Inland Open Water Habitat.

Brackish water

Zooplankton: (from Bouchard and Turner 1976, Lafourche Parish; Denoux, 1976,
Calcasieu estuary)

Protozoa

Coelenterata

Ctenophora

Rotif era

Nematoda

Mollusca

Gastropoda (larvae)
Pelecypoda (larvae)

Annelida

Polychaeta
Nereidae

Nereis succinea
Nearthes succinia

Oligochaeta

Hirudinea

Arthropoda
Crustacea

Cladocera (water fleas)
Alona sp.
Ostracoda
Copepoda

Calanoida (from Denoux, 1976, Calcasieu estuary)
Calanidae

Eucalanus pileatus
Rhincalanus cornutus
Paracalanidae

Paracalanus aculeatus

Paracalanus crassirostris
Centropagidae

Centropages hamatus

Centropages velif icatus

Osphranticum labronectum
Diaptomidae

Diaptomus dorsalis

P_. reighardi

p_. siciloides

p_. signicauda

Diaptomus sp .

continued
228

Appendix 6.3(32). Continued

Temoridae

Eurytemora af finis
Temora turbinata
Pontellidae

Labidocera aestiva
Acartiidae

Acartia lilljeborgi
Acartia tonsa
Cyclopoida

Cyclops vernalis
Cyclops panamensis
Eucyclops sp.
Oithona sp.
Onaea mediterranea
Onaea conifera
Saphirella sp.
Harpacticoida

Macrosetella sp.
Caligoida

Ergasilus sp.
Branchiura

Argulus sp. (parasitic copepod)
Cirripedia
Nauplii
Cypris larvae
Malocostraca
Amphipoda
Isopoda
Mysidacea
Decapoda (larvae)
Penaeidae (shrimps)
Astacidae

Procambarus clarkii (zoea)

Arachnidae

Insecta

Coleoptera (larvae)

Chaetognaths (arrow worms)
Sagitta sp.

Chordata urochordata (tunicate larvae)
Urochordata (tunicate larvae)

Vertebrata (fish larvae)

continued

229

Appendix 6.3(32) . Continued

Fresh water: (mainly from Bouchard and Tuner 1976, Lafourche Parish)

I. Protozoa

II. Coelenterata
Hydrozoa

III. Ctenophora

IV. Rotifera

V. Nematoda

VI. Mollusca

Pelecypoda (larvae)

Gastropoda

Laevapex sp.
Physa sp.

VII. Annelida

Hirudinea

Oligochaeta

VIII. Arthropoda

Crustacea
Cladocera
Alona sp .

Bosmina longirostris
Ceriodaphnia lacustris
C_. laticaudata
C_. reticulata
C_. rigaudi

Pseud ochy dor as globosus
Chydorus sphaericus
Dad ay a mac r ops
Daphnia ambigua
D. laevis
D^. parvula

Diaphanosoma branchyurum
Eubosmina tubocin
Diaphanosoma luchtenbergianum
Euryalona occidentalis
Ilyocryptus spinifer
I_. sordidus
Kurzia latissima
Latinopsis fasiculata
L_. occidentalis
Leydigia acanthoceroides
L . quadrangular is
Macrothrix laticornis
Mo in a micrura

continued

230

Appendix 6.3(32). Continued

Moinodaphnia macleayii
M. sp .

Scaphelebris kingi
Simocephalas expinosus
S^. vetulus
Macrothrix rosea
Ostracoda
Copepoda

Calanoida (from Denoux 1976)

Acartia tons a

Diaptomus dorsalis

_D. reighardi

D. siciloides

Eurytemora af finis

Osphranticum labronectum
Cyclopoida

Cyclops nearcticus

C_. panamensis

C_. rubellus

C_. thomasi

C. vernalis

Ectocyclops phaleratus

Eucy clops agilis

E_. speratus

Halicyclops sp .

Macrocy clops albidus

M. ater

Mesocy clops edax

M. inversus

M. longisetus

Orthocyclops modes tus

Paracyclops poppei

Tropocy clops prasinus
Harpacticoida
Caligoida

Caligus sp.

Ergasilus sp .
Branchiura

Argulus sp. (parasitic copepod)
Malocostraca
Amphipoda
Decapoda

Penaeidae (shrimps)

Astacidae

Procambarus clarkii (zoea)

Insecta

Coleoptera (larvae)
Diptera (larvae)

continued

231

Appendix 6.3(32). Concluded

Ephemeroptera (nymphs)

Hemiptera

Odonata (nymphs)

Arachnida

Chordata

Vertebrata (fish larvae)

232

Appendix 6.3(33). Representative brackish water macroinvertebrates collected
from the Calcasieu estuary (Stickle et al. 1975) . (A) Map of Calcasieu
estuary showing sampling stations; (B) Taxonomic listing.

(A)

N" LOWER CALCASIEU RIVER

GULF OF '-'MEXICO

10 1 « 4 I 10

233

Appendix 6.3(33). Continued

(B) The following list includes macroinvertebrates (collected by all methods)

that were retained within a 1.0 mm mesh seive. Phylum, class, family, genas
and species are given, where known. The order category is used only with
the Phylum Arthropoda. The list is preliminary in nature in that many speci-
mens have not yet been identified and others have not yet been verified.

Porif era

Demospongiae

Clionidae

Cliona sp. (Boring sponges)

Coelenterata
Hydrozoa

Hydractiniidae

Hydractinia sp. (Marine hydroids)

Siphonophora

Physaliidae

Physalia physalis (Portugese man-of-war)

Scyphozoa

Rhizostomae (Jellyfish)

Stomolophus meleagris

Anthozoa (Corals and sea anemones)
Astraeidae

Astrangia solitaria
Actinostolidae

Paranthus rapiformis
Aiptasiomorphidae

Aiptasia pallida

Ctenophora

Tentaculata

Mnemiidae

Mnemiopsis mccradyi

Nuda

Beroidae

Bero ovata

Platyhelminthes

Several species of flatworms have been collected

Rhynchocoela

Hoplonermertea

Carcinonemertidae

Carcinomertes cf. tremaphoros

Heteronmertea
Lineidae

Cerebratulus lacteus

continued
234

Appendix 6.3(33). Continued

Ectoprocta

Gymnolaemata

Membraniporidae

Membranipora sp. (Colonial encrusting bryozoans)

Bugulidae

Bugula sp.

Annelida

Polychaeta

Phyllodocidae

Phyllodoce fragilis

Nereidae

Neanthes succinea

Spionidae

Polydora websteri
Spio sp.

Onuphidae

Diopatra cuprea

Eunicidae

Marphysa sanguinea
Eunice sp.

Serpulidae

Hydroides dianthus

Pilargidae

Loandalia american faureli

Hirudinea (Leeches)

Ichthyobdellidae

Myzobdella sp.

Arthropoda

Crustacea

Cirripedia

Balanidae

Balanus eburneus
j3. improvisus
j3. amphitrite
Chelonibia testudinaria

Stomatopoda

Squill idae

Squilla empusa

Tanaidacea

Several species have been collected.

continued
235

Appendix 6.3(33). Continued

Isopoda

Cymothoidea

Lironeca ovalis
Aegathoa oculata

Amphipoda

Several species have been collected.

Decapoda

Penaeidae

Penaeus setiferus (White shrimp)
P_. aztecus aztecus (Brown shrimp)
V_. duorarum (Pink shrimp)
Trachypenaeus similis
Sicyonia dorsalis
Xiphopenaeus kroyeri

Sergestidae

Acetes americanus

Crustacea

Decapoda

Palaemonidae (Prawns)

Palaemonetes vulgaris

.P. intermedius

P_. pugio

Macrobrachium ohione (Freshwater prawn)

Ogyrididae

Ogyrides limicola

Alpheidae

Alpheus heterochaelis

Callianassidae

Gourretia latispina
Callianassa jamaicense

Diogenidae

Clibanarius vittatus

Paguridae

Pagurus pollicaris (Hermit crabs)

Portunidae

Callinectes sapidus
C_. similis

Xanthidae

Panopeus herbstii (Mud crabs)
_P. bermudensis
Hexapanopeus angustif rons

continued
236

Appendix 6.3(33). Continued

H. paulensis
Eurypanopeus depressus
Rhithropanopeus harrisii
Menippe mercenaria

Pinnotheridae (Oyster crabs)
Pinnixia chacei

Insecta

Diptera

Chironomidae

Several species have been collected.

Mollusca

Gastropoda

Epitoniidae

Epitonium rupicola
Epitonium sp.

Naticidae

Polinices duplicatus (Mollusk predator)

Columbellidae

Anachis obesa
A. avara

Nassariidae

Nassarius vibex (Basket shell snail)
N. acuta

Pyramidellidae

Littoridina sphinctosoma
Odostomia gibbosa
Odostomia cf . laevigata
Odostomia sp.

Muricidae

Thais haema stoma (Oyster drill)

Pelecypoda

Mytilidae

Geukensia demissa
Ischadium recurvum
Amygdalum papyria

Ostreidae

Crassostrea virginica

Dreissenidae

Congeria leucopheata

Petricolidae

Petricola pholadiformis

continued

237

Appendix 6.3(33). Concluded.

Mactridae

Spisula solidissima
Rangia cuneata
Mullnia lateralis

Tellinidae

Tellina texana
Macoma mitchelli

Solecurtidae

Tagelus plebius

Pholadidae

Barnea t rune at a
Diplothyra smithii

Tereainidae

Bankia gouldi

Cephalopoda

Loliginidae

Lollif;uncula brevis

Echinodermata

Ophiuroidea

Amphiuridae

Hemipholas elongata

238

Appendix 6.3(34). Freshwater and brackish water benthic organisms
in southeastern Louisiana Inland Open Water Habitat.

Freshwater macrobenthos (Thomas 1976, Lafourche Parish)
Arthropoda

Crustacea

Gammaridae (Amphipods)

Crangonyx sp .
Talitridae (Amphipods)

Hyalella azteca
Decapoda (red swamp crayfish)
Cainbaridae

Procambarus clarkil
Cambarellus shufelatii
Orconectes lancifer
Isopoda
Cirripedia

Balanidae

Balanus sp .

Insecta (see freshwater meiobenthos)

Annelida

Hirudinea (leeches)
Hirudidae

Macrobdella ditetra
Gloss iphoniidae

Placobdella sp .

Bryozoa

Phylactolaemata
Lophopodidae

Pectinatella magnifica

Mollusca

Gastropoda

Ancylidae (limpets)

Laevapex sp .
Lymnaeidae

Pseudosuccinea sp .
Viviparidae

Viviparus sp .
Bythinidae

Pomatopyrgus sp .
Physidae

Physa sp .
Planorb idae

Heliosoma sp .

Gyraulus sp.

continued
239

Appendix 6.3(34). Continued

Pelecypoda (bivalves)
Unionidne (clams)

Anodonta grandis

Anodonta imbecillis

Villosa lienosa
Sphaeriidae

Sphaerium sp . (fingernail clams)

Freshwater meiobenthos (Thomas 1976) , Lafourche Parish)
Nematoda

Annelida

Mollusca

Gastropoda

Pelecypoda

Arthropoda

Crustacea

Amphipoda

Asellus sp .

Hyalella azteca
Isopoda
Copepoda
Ostracoda
Cladocera
Decapods

Insecta

Ephemeropter (mayflies)
Caen id ae
Baetida

Odonata (dragonf lies , damselflies)
Gomphidae
Acschnidae
Libellulidae
Les tidae
Coenagrionidae (damselflies)

Hemiptera (true bugs)

Corixidae (water boatmen)
Notonectidae (back swimmers)
Pleidae (pigmy backswimmers)
Naucoridae (creeping water bugs)
Belostomatidae (giant water bugs)
Nepidae (water scorpions)
Gerridae (water striders)
Veliidae (ripple bugs)
Hydrometridae (marsh treaders)
Hebridae (velvet water bugs)
Mesoveliidae (water treaders)
Saldidae (shore bugs)

continued

240

Appendix 6.3(34). Continued

Coleoptera

Carabidae

Ciccindellidae

Haliplidae (crawling water beetles)

Gyrinidae (whirligig beetles)

Noteridae

Dytiscidae (predaceous diving beetles)

Hydrophilidae (water scavenger beetles)

Helodidae
Megaloptera

Corydalidae (dobsonflies and fishflies)
Trichoptera (caddis flies)

Leptoceridae

Psychomyiidae
Lepidoptera

Pyralidae (aquatic caterpillars)
Diptera

Tipulidae (crane flies)

Culicidae (mosquitoes and phantom midges)

Chironomidae (midges)

Ceratopogonidae (biting midges)

Stratiomyidae (soldier flies)

Ephydridae (shore flies)

Tabanidae (horseflies)

Brackish water macrobenthos (Thomas 1976, Lafourche Parish)

Nematoda (roundworms)

Arthropoda

Cumacea
Crustacea

Decapods (decapod larvae)

Amphipoda (scuds, sideswimmers)
Corophium sp.
Ampilesca s p .

Copepoda

Tanidaceans

Ostracoda (seed shrimps)

Cladocern (water fleas)
Arachnida (spiders, mites)
Pycnogonida (sea spiders)
Insecta

Diptera

Chironomidae (midge larvae)

continued

241

Appendix 6.3(34). Concluded.

Annelida

PolychaeCa
Oligochaeta

Rotatoria (rotifers)

Gastrotricha

Ciliata

Sarcodina

Foraminifera

242

C
•H

3i

i i

■o -o

V oi
n c

V OJ
DO u

c a
a ai

"c **

4J

JO

nl

33

aj

4-1

aj

a

0)

a
o

a

to

ra oj
B V
o c

Q)

,C

4->

M-|

O

„

J=

co

•H

4-4

00

c

-H

-a

3

H

U

X

cu

CO

0)

4J

CD

U

J3

0)

4J

U

0)

>

aj

.

>

c

•H

•H

JJ

CO

[fl

^H

4-1

d.

C

QJ

M

[fl

0)

0)

•H

h

C

a

CU

<y

■fl

Pi

u

u-i

vo

•H
T3

C
cu

a

pH

flj

^^

u

c

o

e^

u

m

■M

X

tfl

s

M

4J

.O

V

<u

00

4-»

u

M

>

e n

-J
H

c

U

u

u

s-

3

aj

in

SO

s

a

■H

v-

a

13

a

>.

■

T3

co

3

C

(3

o
o

243

o c

.— a
w u

-o -s
o

o.

a
u

I

3

a

•rl

c
o
u

-a

(D

3

C

C

o
o

w

,—.

01

(N

^

LO

a:

CT

c

M

W>

u

en

td

oou

o

* —

a. c
a

ro a.

s a

>* CM

ca in

-a

e

a

a

CO

1"

V

en

3

CO

u

(0

&

u
■

(0

DO

•rt

V

0)

CA

0)

u

0)

<u

0)

JJ

CO

X)

CO

CO

CO

3

01

•o

u

CO

t/1

6

£

6

r

6

O

to

e

3

(0
(J

3

I

I

244

c ^

C ^-.

Cfl 4-»

n u

O.

a

>>-H

>.-H

J* h

jt i-

(0 U

co u

C CO

C Ul

■H 3

■H 3

J= C

£ C

3 1

3 §

£

£

<-' T3

w -a

0)

0)

• X

• x

00 W

4J (0

3 >H

O *H

•< -1

O -H

1 X

1 X

• 3

• 3

i- a

u a.

a c

< 3

1 §

I

•a
a)

3
(3

•H

■&

c
o
u

• X

X

-a

3
C
•H

•a ^

■D ^.

nj >x>

(0 v£>

O r-

O r-

4_l CT\

4-1 C\

T3

TJ

C X)

c *o

■- U

(0 >-

(0

CO

co i-i

en t-4

60 X,

60 X)

O Q>

O 0J

V- X

H x

i+-i

•*-!

-a

■a

■* c

.. c

^ ca

•-^ cd

6*5

«*«

m >»

r«- >^

• ^

• ^

m »

<M (fi

\£> c

CT\ C

• On

•

g

10 — '

CO

Q0

*.

i— I

O W

to

W X

3

g~

(*_ oo

to r-

- u

o

u-i

-C 3

s

* as

to

CO —•

•h -a

00

•4-1 c

CO

O 4J

id

e

V4 X

■*- 00

tn u

o

■H

U J=

3

* M

O 00

X

« 3

QJ -H

u

■a

CO t-l

h

(0 *T3

C 3

a

O C

■H w

91

t-i a

00 r~

X —
(0 Ov

-H — <

>, c
-i a)
-i m
a w
a

•H 0)

u u
c c

a a

C

o

X

•H
-3

C

a;
a,

o( (J

245

<c ~

U V

< ~

at •£>

C -H

0) ^D

3 • r-

•H C

3 ■ r-

.-< u <T.

4J 0)

>-* 4J o>

B «h

X X.

co n —

: Z w

u u

r z ^

CO fl — ■

to ro
m -a

at c

l

3
C

CO

a)

a

•H

a

U

c

14-i

to

o

to

«

•a

JJ

c

U

rtj

0)

en

10

c

T3

- a\

a.

to to

en ~-<

ES

C CT*

u

cu — «

at

O (0

a)

U

3 -I

u u

rt

a

CO c

3

o

4J at

■H

U OQ

01

4-t •

3 w

E

to .n

i

to C^

H

00 -"

«

o

0 (11

U V

01

u-i c

- M

0)

, g

- CQ
CO ^

T3
0)

D

c

•H

c
o

O

■

v£)

BB

CN

4J

ON

U

OJ

IT.

4-1

c

c

■H

0)

u -
en in
3 -v

-a
a)

C

XI

^

tfl

o>

*>

CT»

to

4J

u

4J

0)

c

to

0)

c

pq

O0C?n

4J

O —

c

U (J\

01

M-< ■— •

CQ

tO CN
•H CM

*-> C
tO 0)

o aa

at oo

x c ^

0 3 <N

01 O <N

at >* cr>

- CN

xz <T>

to — *

c
o
u

CO

X

•H

c

4)

I

246

■H -V

J 3

< -—

01 so

3 • r-

h u^

03 CO — I

r z --<

0

o

M

LW

u

ai

DO

M

M

3

C

U-.

•H

■a

O

O

0)

OS

3

0.

T3

0

h

O

•H

a)

M

OJ

-H

CL

>

^H

0!

01

H

a:

T3

14-1

M

o

ra

<

V

cu

u

o

td

0)

c

u

o

c

01

OS

CO

-a

<u

§

3

o

3

O

-J

3
o
-J

X)

a)
c

c
o
u

l-l —

>svO

(TJ ^£>

(13 CN

N CN

l-i CT>

■H C>

O — '

h

at w

00*-^

u

3 3

m

c

-a »-.

,C CN

s

c o

[fl CT\

PQ

o

u ^

"— '

a ■>

■ a

c

QJ U

-H

cn

eg

co cn

s §

3

en

e

cn

O- CO

•H

en

i

id

o

01

U

u

3

CJ cj

• c

en

CD

J= .-v

-h to

en co

en

W

cn \o

-> *j

!-■ <-l

M

e

•H CN

§ 3

<u a.

0)

en

•H

tj

»*-i cy.

t— !

00

cd

cj- U

-a <u

TJ

0

01

cd cj

•a e

T>

<u

-C

*o

cn *j

•H o

■H

M-J

en

J3 C

<j-i «

M-l

l-l

CO QJ

•• en

Mh

o

U CO

cn j»;

>,

CJ "-'

4-i cn

en ai

JZ

rtj

QJ M3

C 3

•-H CJ

«

l-i

> CN

- in

CO >-H

fl B

■H

en

u

\£>

■H O

.c -o

.H iH

lt-|

IN

«-, — '

cn <u

D. 0

C

CT*

CO

B

en *

en

en

W *J

Hj J3

>•>

CO

.-H

TJ

c

>.

iH QJ

. OJ

1

M

•H

<u

JZ QJ

CO T)

-h a

-C ^

cd

td

c

cn co

u c

o o

en co

en

N

c

QJ

u cd

J= en

•h c

cn

CO

14-1

3

*+-< in

en

• cn

a

^ w

cn .-t

*J U)

a

«

cn

-H U

.— ( ffl

cn at

oo

oo

J-> QJ

o oo

§ §

M

|

3

o

en cn

(0 B

B tj

J=

U

o c

cn B

.-1 QJ

en en

en

cn

cn

14-1

S -H

to cn

CJ 10

01 c
3 -h

01

03

^-^

to

m

cn

i>«

(N

cfl

O

C^

u

r£

u

•u

c

cn

in

01

oi cn

0) QJ

cn oi

cj cn

C to

to cn

S^S QJ rH
O QJ O

o> 3 a

c

cd

-J

c

. cd

0)

c

CO

cn -h

u

fl

cn

*j a

cd

j*

cn

o ■*—

u

CO

0)

TJ

01

cn

0)

3

QJ

cn cn

3

OH

•-i

01

C QJ

U

XI

3

■h en

<J

01

O

TJ

cn

to

s

C ^N

* cd

o f*>

cn u

cn

CXCN

^ 00

j:

XI

cn

ON

to

01

0)

u

3 >.

3

ai

U

cn

t-H «H

3

0)

0) jj

■-H *J

X

cn

en

00 c

o cn

O

C

(N

c

TJ QJ

a O

B

0

O

QJ CO

a

a

4J

(ft s_^

i-H ••

c

.-H

• • X

§s

§

u

c

0)
CO

g

t-i CX)
C CN

•H CO

«

-H

(0 ■— •

C ^H

c

^H

c

co a

cd

a

6^

CO

a. ti
01

&-S a^s

^

tX

r^.

IX

&^ JZ

o o

M

CN

o

O *J

^3- \£1

^H

CO

•— '

—*

CJN O

aj

3
C
•H
4-1

c

O

a

x

•H
TJ

c
S

CX
CX

QJ .-I

SI 5

247

"3.

a

<
i

a

3

o

►3

x)

0)
3
C
•H
•U

e
o
o

<u

CA

CN

,— i

a)

t.

ON

o.

3

tu

J4

j

CJ

u

3

4-1

3

4-1

c

4J

T3

o

03

T3

aa

3

C

cr

U

ct)

(0

C

«

to

u

t4

-a

u

QJ

a.

cu

CO

4-"

e-5

n

o

o

CO

ON

at

e

be

u

(0

-a

0

OJ

CJ

1-

CO

eb

CO

<u

4J

c

ro

u

C-J

CU

en

en

en

Oh

(0

■a

-H

c

4)

A

cu

to

u

00

en

>

c

>*

cu

X)

en

Vt-I

CQ

u

c

en

o

[fl

<o

co

C

u

en

en

£

BD

00

T3

CJ

9

3

c

T3

XI

o

c

•H

3

u

CO

■a

c

§

Efl

en

to

c

en

cu

(U

cd

cu

eg

2

c

CT ON

CO <-i

4->

3

4-1

c

(0

U

0

u

a

v-'

..-^

en

00

0)

oo<^

O «N

Ul ON

U-.

-*

en
j*

CO CT*

cu m

.H

4J

to

00 on

»H

c

3

•o — '

i

(U

CU

03

en e

en

O

ON

co

E

m

» 4J

CO

ON

V) 4-1

en

4-1

CU 0

3

CJ

en

to u

o

CU

c

E

C0 N-*

en

c

in

(0

CO

CO

CN

c

C

41

4-J

i- en

on

•H

U

u

oo c

G

(0

o

CO

4-1

CJ

• 41

4J

0

en

CO

en CJ

c

en

3

4-t CO

CU

■H

U

C 4-1

pQ

to

«0

u

CJ

CO CO

C

CO

rH 3

4-1

en

-H

a. u

fl

3

en

S

o

.-(

XI

CJ

j=

u

M

en

tu

en

4J to

3

a*H

CO

TD

CO -*

3

<M

c

cu

3 to

CO

>N

•H

cu

tr 3

CJ

(0

3

CO fl

<

W

M

•a

CJ

e

o

O

O

.H

o

•• 6

4-1

u

3

a

4-1

en

c *

U

Im

cu

-H

co en

03

to

i— i

C

ft 4-1

-H

o

CO

u

a. o

■H

ex

c

4)

E

6

■o

5-«

CO

e^s to

T3
<Si

3
C
•H

u

c

0

u

u-1

^o

X)

e

0)

J*

to

n)

CU

CO

CJ

•H

rH

>,

CO

3

M

3

41

CO

CO

•o

41

&

OO

c

0

B

C

3

eo

a

c

41

4)

cu

M

tj

-H

cfl

CO

3

CO

•a

XI

CJ

CO

cu

eo

M

CJ

C

CO

XJ

*

•H

o

<H

eo

•H

CJ

o

0

(0

CO

3

CJ

fi

CO

Ui

U-l

CO

eo

CU

■^

o

cu

co

ja

a

u

M-t

to

CO

X

fO

CO

CJ

e

>

en

CU

CO

u

c

4>

■n

41

i

CO

4-1

cu

<0

CO

JZ

CO

OO

CO

>

CO

CO

CO

to

J=

JZ

m

co

T3

>N

e

>1

c

>,

CU

>>

en

ex

a

I-

£

JZ

a

JZ

<3

JZ

u

JZ

eu

4)

0

41

3

3

4J

4-1

4J

o

4-1

J

CJ

o

CJ

CQ

&

>

>l

>-

>>

3

3

•<

<

<

<

CQ

09

o

248

u

•H X)

V

*J 3

00

< ---

B

0) *£>

fl

3 • l-

■o

H Uff

c

03 (0 »H

W

: z -^

•H TJ

O >

tfl 4J

** y

cO <
QJ

OJ
3

-a

0)

•5

c
o
u

„

(U

Id

tfl i-H

w

u

O

4-1 rH

.* c

c

4-1

X

»

c g

CO B

(fl -H

a>

M

(0

X o

3 «

CQ

3

to z

t-H tfl

H J-i

4-1

•H

a

rH 00

CO

14-1

0

to

c

■a •

u n

E -

.*

(0

u

rH X

•H *J

tfl

CO

4J

at

O CO

4-1 U

- tj

3

-H

u

60 -H

to at

(A 0)

X

-4-1

3 (fl

oc a>

H

X

» c

cr c

o to

0

(0

to

l-i 3

ta -h

}H

E

M

4-1

at co

4-1 p.

at

TJ

14-1 *

CO

TJ

O

1-4

c *

0 co

* 4J

C

CO

60

3 TJ

— e

rfl

rH

0)

O cD

tfl «H

to eg

cO

rH X

i-i CO

C

•■r-J

■H

X CT<

CO ~*

>,

-iH

IM 4-)

4->

>> C

(0

fa at

c

u ea

•" CO

o

to

.-

to

a^

r^ C

l-l

to

■a

r-.

at o

rH rH

ai

^e rs

> r4

0) 0)

TJ

to iO

u

V

l/1 CTi

-h at ^-v

at t-

c

E 0>

0)

to

CO rH

rH J= r-

at

CO

CO

(tj en

•M

O ^

c

4-1

» oi

X u

CO

3

• C

1-1 tfl — 1

tfl -H

TJ

4-1

4-<

(0 at

o at

•h a-—.

at

* c

>>

e

4-1 CO

XI 4-t

mh r*.

at

at at

(0 /-v

U w

tj at e

to

co CO

«J

-h r->

at

(QUO)

(5 U CTv

60 w

(fl

o. CM

(0 tfl

QJ 60 CO

y ojh

o

0>

C *->

13 w

rH

to

(0 to

5

B*S r-t

•H C

* i— 1 4-1

tj

0)

(0

CO 0)

P. 3 C

G

» rH

W

rH

X ^ w

V4 b at

o

r*. O

c

.. a

co o at

co pa

u

u a

rH

. a)

■H 3 OJ

o * •-'

14-1

at tj

§

X co

CO X

Uh TJ 60

c

rH (0

tfl ^-"

E CO

• QJ C

at 4-1

•H

*rl 1-1

?N » *

C TJ O

to

u

c

IM tO

C CO

tO s

rH (fl tfl

HUH

a>

CO

u

*j 4J -a

<*-> sz u

>

-a x

>> c

Vi Q U

3 C U

CO

H CO

^

C CO

6^ TJ

O O iH

O 0) CO

at

o^

•H t-H

»n C

6 O XI

X £ u

h

3 14-.

ov

4-> a.

\4t> tO

T> CN

C 0>

CO -H

tO *J

T3

tfl at

0)

3 co

3

pH

C

o -a

e at

01

•H
4-1

rH 3

fi

.-H CO

i s

O

u

CO

^■s

u

0)

3

tfl

3

4-t

(0

r4

CO

c

CO
60
U

X

qT
u

en

at

01

0

Cfl

(0

s

u

3

(fl

CO

3

c

l-l

3

4-1

c

vO

01

U

(0

o

TJ

0)

OJ

CO

3

60

4-1

at

rH

tO

y

X

u

U

h

(0

u

Ol

■H

0J

at

u

(0

to

^

<-<

r4

•H

a,

(0

B

u

cfl

3

00

tfl

£

XI

to

at

0)

01

4-1

to

X

4-1

TJ

tfl

M

u

01

>>

«

c

>1

at

X

0)

c

01

at

TJ

TJ

to

1

01

TJ

0

U

n

O

O

3

TJ

(0

^

•H

a

u

a.

X

O

60

at

•H

(0

TJ

tfl

•H

^

a

X

l-l

eS

CO

c

o

o

at

CO

X

(0
Oh

3

249

0) u

U 01

s i

u J

3

cj 0>

u oo

O 00

3 3 2

>
■-.

z

3

0

-J

oo

s

3

o
u

>
u ^

co r-.

co C

* 00

T3

3

(3

» S

T3 B

c o

0] (0

O CT»

o

CO — •

3

(It u

» ^-.

c

« <X»

.. 0)

1-. fM

en cq

01 Ov

U w

■o ^

U

■H

01 <0

O. U

CO E

to c

C C

0)

■H O

- pa

3

to ^-*

U (0

•H 3

Of

CT

HI

d

c

0

B

CO

e

*->
0

c

o

3

u

c
o
o

en

250

3

u

H JJOt

3

c
►3

5

I

1-1

c

0) -V

c

01

0) —<

co

e

a

tO 4J

t-H .^v

<u c

rH r-»

u <u

O CN

CO CO

E o>

XI
0)

D
C

c
o
u

-a

3
C
•H
4J

g

EC

[0

CO

\_s

JZ -

is

.— 1

a. oi

<0

01

3

CO <H

(0

-v

M

c

tu

- C

01

to

QJ

• » «H

CO O

01

"-» C

,*: in

<J

s-s ca

01 01

0) ,-».

iO

3 td

to r-

r u

iH U

C «N

3

4-1

w (1)

•H U

■H 0\

C

.n

O O

cd

(0 4J

B

>>

c

u o

■-i t-l

CO

a

a

-H CO

*-> c

<D 0

CO Of

^

8>S

to to

i l

O CO

CO

CN

C -1

E ^

r-

CN

■H qj

« 3

<u

a*

.G

TD

U

o

o

c

•H

TD

SZ

c

u

n3

a

to at

«

0 CO

B

B ^

CO

u-l
CO

CO

•H

■a

e

0)

0- — I

CJ

00

k-

a

(0

u

CO

u

£

3

251

CO (0 — <

o •->

5

3

— 00

-J

o

-J

• -a

jj o>

u

>>

01 )-■

*

1

CO J3

i

1

• c

4-1

4-1

t- o

a.

a

a c

41

QJ

< w

w

W

u

&

3

01

o

3

J

o

en u

c t-

« OJ

at jd

0) J3

u

M

r-i

T3

in .--.

CO

m

c x

3

o>

0)

n-4 -T

3

CT*

o

u

£

a

E

c

•H

O0 *J

QJ

60 c

»

CO

4J

a> at

m

0

CO

T3 ^

e

en

U

0

T3

a

•H C

>

0)

JD -H

01

«

BQ

- t-i

.E 60

$

3

(A

E

0)

•h at

CO

4- E

o

nj

- CO

00

c -

1

en

<C O)

ij

0) -o

•H

u

QJ

3

a
o
u

CO

B -H

•H 3

o

tn o

rH •■

5

C -J-

tfl OA

IS

«H — •

•h nj

J-l

.0

C •-*

'X

•H 4-1

tu a

0

-C C

E

a at

*■« ^s

E aa

a

nj w

OO (N

ON w

•H

g

£ JS

252

00

tfl

c

M

•H

CO

u

01

a

a

B

ooxi

c <T

0)

•H r-

a

*a ct.

o ^

q; ~

N XI

01

3

O

a

M

C

u

pH

•* 3

TD «H

■o 0

-a o

01

■a o

c

C X>

C X>

CO

>.

C hJ

a oo

3

3

o

t-<

3 w

o c ^

O 00/-K

0 60^

CJ

01

O

I--HX1

t- C Xl

I- C X)

3

1- •

I *-» <r

1 3 <J

i d -cr

c

o

1 u

U fl N

I- o r»

u o r-

•H

»3

S5

co E as

a) >s<^

n) >,<r-

a> —

at »-<

0) ^

4-1

a>

>> ■•

>* —

>% *»

c

.-H

>sT3

u >,

w >*

n ^

at

c

oj a> u

at at i-

a* ai t^

CO

a) cfl

> X 0)

> -C 01

> x at

W

>

■^ w 3

■H 4-1 3

-H 4J 3

c

*-• RJ O

« n o

u (C O

CO

TD

«-> >

CJ <U -J

U 4liJ

U 0) -J

M

C

O 0

< 3 w

< 3 ^

< 3 ^

H

to

< z

en T3

c at

co at

•h 3

-Xi

JZ -H -

en x *j

-H D. -H

«*-• E 3

r-

G

CM

a.

CO

(A

u

•v

>N

at

E

0)

en

■o

c

■a

(0

at

0)

(fl

3

t-

at

T3

c

•H

<U

3
C
•H

•u
C
o

r- E

E-2

o

■.

u

&

(0

ffl

^<

•H

0,

^

CO

(0

i>

c

(0

0)

*

•

B

CO

CO

•H

u

01

(0

at

V-

•a

oc

t-i

1-1

D-

a

x.

cn

0)

in

M

u

cr

*

C

.— <

CO

"3

4-t

GO

4-»

U

00

a

c

0)

3

at

■J)

f

&•«

EQ

c

o

■H

o

r»

T3

c
o
u

co x: co co
4J -o -a

rn at x> co

i

8

X

•H
T3

C
0)

a.
a.

<c

o

253

■J
U

c

ij so
C <7*

H

HI
00

c
»

I

3

5

I

3

O

o

u

in

T3

C
0)

ex

254

I1 §

s

o

z

a

•H

n)

.H
PM

U
<U
•H

c
<1J
£1

o
aj

OJ 7!

u j=

.-1

a u

«

oi a

8

*8

S3

H S -v

"3 U •

ai ai

c/i o

a « h

q

o a xi

•a S

■H 3

a -a

CO 00 Q.

3 |

fl a p

U -H 3

£S

U 1-

0 3 H

•H

T3 0)

CO

u a S

H

M 01 0

IV

(0 l-i o

OS

ai n w

s

a J3

i!

•a *-•

co a c_>

° a

a

cfl
t-i

4J

cfl

!3

C
a)
ft

o

C
CO

CO

aj
x:
en

•H

m

•

X
•H

•a

c
oj
a
a
<

C OJ

0) 00

M

a. t- I-.

o >,

V

0

TJ 0 TO Q>

C-» rH «

- §

4J

TO rH fl

C CO

ai >* -o d

■- H 0)

CO T> O

mh -go

O. B co TO u

gi a <ri

5 ai

>, go

Xi

0)

g

5

ides
mai
alke
low
8) (

•H

■H 4J C

3 -N

•s

U

TO 3 -h

M O 00

"3. =

x x <h
>, to

<U -H •&

X

3 ■- <U <T

CO XI

3 0) c^

>%

*-» - oocr

O -H

^ * w

O 00— <

b

- >s tO -H r-.

o t.

3 U

3

l-i —1 >% CO

J u

01 QJ IH

□a u

0)

Q) iH (0 ^ M

a

U (U

J-t TO X) U ■•-■

■H

>, fl £

>* T3

>»

Q

r-t 3 oo

.-h to cu

3 O « cu H

■aj-H

rH <U O

X>

T3

X (0 CO -H O X
CO TO TO TO M 3

to en x

TO co u

D

d]

O 0)

u to x

a

O

<u d o> c x &.

t-i to U TO O C

1-c l-i c

o TO u

c

M

pq y-t -h

H ftlfl

3

CO

y-t •*-' TO u W3

K Ps

•v

TO TO H

O 6

q) x oi

<w TO

>> fl "O

rH

<u M0)

X

- 3

■H >-ll O

3

aj o

E <h 3 K
•H B 5 X

P.

B

-H <U

iH i-i <H O

3

rH 00 ^-n

to to to

to a -

to -h n
jc cq m

t-<

0) T3

CU

>^%-' o>

0) •• <u e

4J >\ 01 TO

s

3 u

TO -H 10

O

O 41 n

M C TO 3

u

U OJ

<u o a o

>s TO T3

■a r-t

rH 3 CU

o to ^ a*

T> X O

B TO TO oooo

TO CO Vj

at -a *h

**

o tu X

O M «H «

^

M n U

H fluv

r^

0Q M-« W

13
CU

3

a

•H
4-1

c
o
o

a

3 O

u c

O CI

■H O

£ -H

a; n

a u

t. .

O CO

O ^D

l-i ^H

j=

H 4)

01 X

OS

U -H

CO T3

01 C

Z 0)

0.

oi a

cu <

US ^w'

0J en

l-i ■

O vO

en x

u -H

CO -O

OJ c

Z 41

a

cu a

o) <

en w

0J en
ii •

O ^D

CO -O

^g

a
oj a
oj <

H

<T

3

O

Cfi

OJ

cn

11

o >o

x;

to

X

M

•H

«

•o

0J

c

z

0)

a

11

a

0J

<

c/l

*— *

■a

x: t<

U «1H

co 3

O S

M W

H 1-1

a <

I

255

?s

"3

41

a
o
as

41

10 I

« i — M K

» /^ O 4>

3— a ft- —

u-i « B u

f^ ft) -^ o

> n id c

•HH ffl «

-O U OJ 41 —
41 H

alsi .

_] o -- B u 00

OJ

■g

a J3

•rf 3

w o.

a '-'

c 9 d

•H M •

•H T3 13

01 «H

>. 00 JD

U • h

-H M 3

C to 41

a 4i c

TJ to C

.h <a o-

(0 -H P

■rl 3

§ 35

U *

U if) M

x> a.'-'

a <q oj

• (0

to ti d
a» i-i p

>% tO XI

(0 0

*H >. W

■ o

u id fl

U >s-^

u£ o
<0 S

d «
Si xi «

u u

73 *-H

0t 01 S

■a 3 C

C C TJ

3 0J P

0 O «J

X -h 3

< O U

•3

u

10

jm^,

at

3

a

O

H

us

0)

a

1

XI

D.

C

u

3

a

CO

a

M

-o
c

3

1

3

3

£

(0

c

a

u

J=

(«.

OS

H

0)

to

H

M

iH

te

1*4

ffl

g

c

§

J

■H

u

i

u >*

4J tH (0

M

3 P X>

01

o *o

u <~*

Xl 1-1

P

u to

at •

H l-i

P

QJ

T) -t

» n) at

U

■- &u

at x)

d « 3

P o

at a.
P en

O 3

•H U rH

-h at

x: P

fH oj

3 ^

.H TJ

O 3

co x: *-

O <""»

to -h

<*)

x: oo >*

■-t in

x: 3

M

>%-H rH

at on

&..

t) at

h£ H

00 -*

P P

oj p 0

-H

3 i-

a p

CC 1-

at at

0

•H O

w at

4J

3 u

Pn rH

■o

>», CO

o ■^

rH >*

en at

iH

.h 3

»H

TJ H U)

at o

XI

TJ XI

at ^n

en c ta

Hi u

9

(0 tn

00 CO

O -H 0)

■Ji x:

a

o at

■h m

U H) b

to 'j

C

)-< t-i

PQ ON

pq e *

ex trt

z*

OQ y-i

v— «• »^

c

■- *->.

0

at •

T3 rH

3

at xi

DQ

O 3

GJ

at

u a

M

tn

XI P

3

B9

o S

CO Xi O ^,

t- at *-*
x at oo n
oo 3 -h in

■rH o ffl ON
0- r-| ^ ^-1

ca at

to *j * •

at o a :

u at 3 -

(13 u O •

O >» ^

-C *- "J

ai q.j> c

•H n,

JJ P *

I- >N B

Xi -H ed

o fli a

u a

■h •*

x: o to

met

at -3 at

u M M

bu o. a)

si

(0 o

oj tn

Ji so

■a

3
C

4J

c

0

(J

a
41 o.

41 <S

3

a

u

r^

41

tn

U

O vO

j:

(0

X

h

■H

10 -o

41

C

■Z

1)

-

41

a.

JJ

<

tn

s^

2-3

x>

PI

c

OJ

kC

o

w

ON

1-

M

cu

at

>

CO

oc

B

3

p

■H

^

-h at o *J

at o.
at <
c/i ^^

c
o
u

n

vO

X

•H

■a

OJ

TJ

i
1

< to

g

M

CA

Q >*

u

OJ

E

C2

-n

M

0)

at

< o

at

a

x;

>• z

1

h

u

^p

£

3

o

O

a tn

•H

C/3

GO

5-

U

J

n

>

5

BB

h

a

256

t 9

<-t (fl

ScS

u tu a 4-»

M X>

t>o a

o *-> 3 ^ s

II

i -a •

q o>

a-S T> u

h in d

u u S

m oi ai a

in -a "O o

3 !/) u --■

a to a --*

o x: <u >* •

a a h ^

•• m h j3

>, J3 C (0 3

L. co u a

.3.3,

a

s3

u - 3

o

g en a

CO

to

1 .-?

T3 « o

aj ai

a b

w o

3 « H

3 CO M

a

il H £
CO id 3

X U 0J

•o cfl

co a

n

a a.

>> cn o

;>. co a

3

— 1 O o

^ >>o

QJ X

01

ai rt - —

> <

*j • h

*J X

•H

cfl cn ty

CO en
u u 3

u

n m 2

CO

at a> o

H

•o > a
o -h O

o a>

«>

a a co

X 3 XI

as

33 u ^

ft

3 w

^ u "^

rH CO —<

H « J
K^H 3

u x a

O co C

-J £ o

4J rH "3

§

* xi

■o

(0 3

CO

t>

tu a

CU

00 c

2

TJ »

XI

01

H

«

u

x: <u

TJ O

>>

a 1

C gD

H

Cfl O

at

CO O

u

B s

b

CO

01 01

u

00

d m

QJ

C V

C K

TJ

o c

O 01

O

rH 3

CJ 3J

01 0) (fl

> a 3

•h « o

ai tu o

tj to y-i iU

C en >-t oi

3 cfl 3 Xi

X) a- cj o

3C id ^ ^ w

0) u
K O
O I

t- 3 C->

cfl oo-n

01 3 On

C < -<

1

V

H

•a

X>

■H
3 C

in in •

&

3

a.

tJ

u 3 -t

u d

c

Oi -^ XI

a to

:z>

CU ^

> w 3

o) x:

3^

•h *vj a

<U

kc

K 3 d

M

0J

CO t3

(fl u

5

00 -rl

x B

en u<

H

o

&u

eg u u

0) ft

o

01 oi c

CO -C

3 3

to to o

o a

01 X>

c 0

CO

.H CJ

ffj

3

>v »

M ^>

OJ

-H TJ

O m

a

TJ (fl

■C iM **s

H

a

CD 01

CO

0

o u

D C £

oi en

u a

Ul ffl Ov

0) Ol

CO en

CM u — •

C/> iH

J

■>

CU

U

X

QJ

u

>. *j

u

CO

i

o

re

•H

0)

3

T3

i

^^

♦J

M

c-l

x:

U)

OJ

ti

H

bO

3

•H

^H

X3

X3

■H

3

CO

in

3

.— ■

M

CT

a

<u

a

(0

cfl

a

i-

d

C

u

u-<

5

o

x:

■H

4-1

[fl

M

>H

►V

BJ

CO

QJ

x:

A

H

a

3

B

en

u

c

1

0

0)

0]

>.

O

t-

h

a

3

CO

'J

(£

X)

CO

XI

■— '

no

X 0)

■H

cfl C OJ

C

OS

X

0) 3

■H M

>> co

01 U 3

<

>, >s

> O

* S£

S £

*o

l-i 3 h

t* -H

t-t o

cfl

CO A H

M

3 d

>-l N^

q o -^

01 (fl

QJ

XI

0)

01 -H

iH

1-

M O "O

■■£>

4J

^.i

>.

&

a £ S

^D

X

co cn

b^ .*

fH *-

cn

Ov

(fl

iH

0) X40

rH CO M

T3 CO

a)

CO

CO

T3 .-

CO o

d (B 0> --s

•H QJ i-i CO

(fl (fl

-a

en-w

and

nner

(Q iU

CO — <

O 01

■H

01

■tj

o <u

cfl

(fl U d en

<U U

3

J<

B

U *J

a tj

B v) g a.

X> (Q

u

ccj

JD (fl

d

in

a n o

QJ

3

* n)

•- ^w

.. ^g

ai

0 OJ C_)

X

•* x:

0) u

O 4J M

U CO

a

60^-.

M

u cn

U X)

«H -h cn oi

i-l 01

?5^

OJ

•H 0)

O 01

00 d 41 i->

00 u

c

H

00 t-i

x: tj --^

Ifl -H CO d

(fl '*-

11

(fl !w O

n

0)

Cfl 4-i

oinrn

^i h cn 3

fH

§

h a, •&

r«.

0)

rH

*h m

01 cfl (fl O

01 o

c <n <7i

»

x:

01 o

O 33ff>

b in a--'

Oi 4->

Tl

i-( 'w' ^^

>*H

5

O-i 4J

XI

ai

3

C
•H

XJ
(U
3
C
•H
4-1

c
o
u

a

a

3

o

00 -H

QJ

>

C XJ

4J

iH

>H

Q* «H

U

X) ^

B

s> id

QJ

3 r-

(fl a

>

a. in

d

QJ

o B d d on
co fl «H 3 — '

U rH (0 ^-v

u oi X) m

0 -h oi o\

> x: tj —i

U rH
•H X

01 * 33 U

CT)£ J

N oi cn o
co u ft c3
cj a t« s--

CO

CO

5

32

a m
>•

257

01

c
o

z

-H

•• 0 «

•» ^H

(0

$*$

U XI XI

3

OJ 01

■H 3

crypt
taken
and 1
1.)

rypt
aken

Unp

en u

U 4J U

T3 3

.o

0J

>* >>& 3

>v >> C

S|

M H O ft

0) H O C
> CO X O

M -H 5

OJH 0

> (d o

ssl

• * o * >-<

•H

0J iH tfl 0J

at «h to

4J

II) (A 41 C

01 01 H

10

M Q fl 0

M CU C

rH

co o -h o

m u -h

01

a o oi u

ft u at

02

w o to ^— •

C/l O CO

-

o
u

><

— 1

it

03

c

5

a

rH

tH

Cfi

-o

«

c

CJ

CO

u

o

.*

0

0

X)

0)

£

J

u

a

CO

>■

c

OS

.a

^

55

H O ct b u

rH 3

CO -Q

CJ -H

O 1-

n] u C 0) 00

>s

U 0

XJ -H > In --s

H

0) >*

>,X t^ -H flj .

C

> CO -—

h ID 3 MH H

•H

rH XI •

3 iH T) XI

9

QJ fH

0j jn -» . -j

• J3

u 4J c >, a

rH 0) 3

>, n a. o n c

0)

c0 >, a.

rH t-i (U -H X) »

CO

cfl tO fi

*T3 XI CJ U

p>

U J3 3

co x eg i-i t->

rl

aj

o c at i-t ai at

a

§ -5 J

K -^ 00 ft c

rH

Xi CO -H ft C

>> « e 3 o

•a B

u

•o B

•»H 01 CJ

■H

■" CO o

H C ^ 00 "^

d

01 V u

CO -rl CO l3 rH

0

ri U ^

CO tfl M 111 01

u

0 a

u a x: d c 3

M

£ 10 Ul

0) CO 3 C o

a

CO 01 OJ

8 u 0J n) to >>
at 3 m ftx: co

CO

cw T3 Ji

—1

O 3 rH

a Xi u-i en u x>

CU

rH rH
B "3

H S 4J
CO *-

cu m

*J so-

CO CT*

3 —

OJ

3 0) CO
>* T3 *J 01

rH CO CO

B —
- 3 r~

ill E c

CO -rl g
01 rH Q

-a

-. (d-^H

£

U

03

4-1

OJ

cu

o

a

T3 ^.-^ *J

nj

>

M

Xi

a u in a)

H

H

43

Of

01

O

c

•H

H

•H

*H r-J ft

C

•u

nj

rH

0

u

09

CO

>, M .jj

u

0

u

rC

rH *J **^

Jrf

-C

>

cr flco

i

on

M

■rt 003M

(0

IH

3

co -H o <r>

H

u_.

a

9J

S x: ^"-<

O,

o

en u c — «

(U D 3N

<4- d ■*— ' -*

3

O O r-N 4J

HH 4J «— sO at

\C r-

co a. a)
x; en t3 —*

>. 0) I- 00

rCO OM

3 -H Z (^

at 3 ^--<

a
o

o

■H O

a *j
o CO

Cj

■H

to

■o

11

0

.'-

0J

B.

0/

a

OJ

<

l/J

-— '

•3S

•S X

oj a
oi <:

3

o

U

m

OJ

c^

U

0

iD

£

a

X

rl

-H

CO

T3

0J

C

Z

3

aj

Q-

0J

<

c^l

^-*

XI
<U

i

•H

C

o

en
—

CO

X
•H

■s

p.

M

3

■3

OJ

3

3

w

cyi

-J

at

1

w

rJ

u

^^

-H

se

fO

UJ

a h

n)

9

M <

t-«

5 <n

4J

a

tfl

0

u

< ft

OJ

4

tM

•r-1

M

3

5

ft

2 3

!

3

e

1

s

f-i

u

OJ

p

w

r-3

3

CO

B

O

Q V)

9

3

M H

li

H UJ

(0

•o

4J

0J

u u

U

rH

s^

u

P

0)

Pu z

ft

O cy)

tfl

tn

258

IS

o w

I

9 *-> sz

CO O 00

I U -H

SO. i-> <J-I U

•H ^ 01

-i -a t- rd c

* w o u a

> UUO'

TJ » -^ * ^ '

-h *j «j aj a a.
a i-* w B «o a

■H (0 QJ -H l-i 5

> a O -H u a cu

■H y-l rH u O

Oil *D u j: o

W >» O to M Z

CD 00 I- U -H a/

i-i b oj *j ^ a

S3

a o>

sk!

fl CO • (fl
3 H ~H

H 0

53

XI >%X) »

id u 3 v

S co

•H Q, M

>, a c u
— i -3 ^

£

•* 4J

OJ -H C

u a '--

U ID M rl

a o •

co as o>

co a ^

n d c

TJ J3

U x c a

c a 3
3 C a

TJ 60 O M

0 -H CJ (0

-a « c

2j:vu

< 3 3

■OH U^

■h at fl t) ^

•H U 3 O

U *-l u Q t_i

> O *J O CO w

01

a

c

o

. o

■a 3 •« —

S J 3

•O 3 -O

£-« fig

QJ U r-i

QJ OJ rH •-) rH

> >> OJ OJ •

O U I u

O QJ -H QJ QJ 3

QJ O TJ

a1 qo q
u? z S

d .
3 d

V u —*

iH QJ

CO Oi ^D

0J -H fl
4-> Q U d

to 3 d o

c >c

■• (- (JN

:* O —

<H > CO CJ

~l O

3TJw

-H -- OJ

fl 3 H

(0 •- X* QJ

a j:

0 ►. u

0 M 01

T3 QJ CO X)

-i u x

3 3 >, iJ

a —

• oj

,fi ■-) H O

*j ^

« <u o >-*

3 « ^

1 4-1 •

OJ (0 | rH

13-S

CO X U X

> U U 0) 3

u u T3 c a.

3 x a

■q <o d
5! x: 3

co eg o 3 d
.-) IE B -> 3

aCXi ^

-H

d

■H — t

c

•a ^

JZ u

*H

CO i- ■

QJ t-i

CO

OJ ^

5 §2

a

<Si u> Xi
CO C 3

*h d

01

3 0.

>. 3

ra

to o d

fH ■» CJ

>

u ^ 3

C 10^

fc*

QJ

•H CO ^

CO

> -^ r-i

(fl QJ tfl CO

Q U ai rO

H

rH U-l QJ

OJ ^ B

CO to o%

O

a* d

•* tfl —«

■H

■- — . o

rH >, (0

B

QJ u

CO *-» O. M

0

1-. U w

(0 *H QJ

4J

O QJ

U C H *J

^

x: w ^

a» h id c

a

to d qo

0HT) 3

>w 3 n

OJ CO -H O

r-t

y-i O ct\

Q (J) 4J -w

Q-

o ^-^ -<

a. cq

M 3 to ^ B u

OJ QJ c"» y-N OJ

x: - -*: -x • QJ fl

tO « CO C^ rH CO fl

OJ rH r-i -* J3 > O

l-l QJ 3 U U

y-« d x: -a a co -^

u

»+^ Xi u

•H

01 ■

OJ OJ

c

> -{

k

• •o c

o

•H ^1

OJ

t4H C

tJ

1- 3

>

^ -H O

w

a

■H

« X U

— 1

B B

M

J3^^

a.

■H 5

-o cu -a »-

Tl

a

V- « OJ

3

B

* efl ot B

3 (0

OJ UB

U

B v o. 6

■H (J 01U

%

S^

H X OJ —
03 (0 "O

>

U

E <0

j; OJ >h -^

t9

O

>.!■ }n

rH

U CO

U ^ vO

— «

3 >MJ\
01 B l< —

U

■H

CO CO

■H «

B

v- OJ

>. > 1-

0

OJ -H

-H >, 01

^H

u

> T*

T3 <H OJ ^H

J3

X

•H B

0 C U rH

3

a

U QJ

0 -H 01 -H

a

>

oo i 3 —

E

rH

E 3

S

CL,

■H -r-l

-a

C

o

u

X

■- 1

QJ ro

a.

i-i

U •

0

(8

O X3

i-

-H

.C

H

QJ

tfl X

oi

Ul -H
CO T3

aj d

Z QJ

a.

OJ P.

01 <

OJ

cn

-rH

u

u

o

gD

OJ

JZ

a

Efl

X

(0

»-(

CO

T3

OJ

OJ

C

00

3

01

CO

a

u

OJ

a.

0

OJ

<

U-l

3 O

On »

tfl

w oj

OJ

oi fn -h

■H

»- • (J

u

O O It

OJ

jz a

a

CO X CO

«

U -H

CO T3 OJ

OJ

QJ B 00

00

35 QJ CO

CO

a u

l-l

oj a o

a

OJ < «w

it-i

TJ

c
o
o

in

o

5

c
a
<

a.

■H

-3

o

a
o

259

u
a
o
z

01

8

z

I

z

J XI

S3:

fl

TJ

x 5

- S X

w

a

<d

^

0) >

*J C 3

-H CO
B cu

0

x

a

-1 o

3 3 B

«

a

X

•H Z

■H h

to

a

•O =>

rH « ^-

U U

T3

u

ti I

S 00

3 E 1-

•

to a

M

B

>

H

>>-0 H

•a t3

(0

a

3 U

X

X "H V

r-l B X

c a s

N

TS

n B

3

a u a

§•§

H

B

3

a.

3 B

•H rH B.

3

■• n

c

M) O

n B c

3

Ml

X

M

=

-H U

a> xi

a

a w

ai « w

> •«

a

S -o

M

u >,

•- U V-

•H

(0

0)

a)

Cfl •-! CD

V 13 01

4J

3

c

U r* X

(fl -H B
Wi to d

CO

a)

E

u B

c

ey al u

H

1

a 3

0

■a o c

ctj i-t Q

a 3 O

a)

A

di X

u

o o o

o=S

w

J

</3 n

''-'

s h e

l/i 0 ^

<m 4 a v h

to ai

r* r-t (0
On U £

— ' 4) *J

>, -H 4J X

3 4J

- a

X) ^

u. x> -a

H 0\ O
w -i u

Q0W U • X

C -i O -v

■H >, -XXX

n i-i f-i a co a-.

<u «o ? d h — <

V- 3 (0 3 ^

(J to u c

c 3 4-i m ^ ai

•H 0J nO T3

.. - d nO H

>*h d

rH ^ rj

on §

•ft I-) 00 fi ON o

u*-8

U U 91 O^ Z

3 1 -h w m

a >. « *-'

« rH c

■a 3 oj jrf *-v

■q rH -H ^

1 SSrt

a to to to i-i -j

3 4J 0) r»

xi c a ai :e on

x in mon

< -H t4 c ^ — *

D

io

(0 --v

rH O

X

D- *

c0 f-<

M

to

a

0)

ft XI

JS

CO 3

x: >.

0>

at

>s a

00 rH

M

■H

to c

■H C

■H 3

to c ^o

to

L4 CO

•h d -<

>N 1 r^

USX

0J

■o o n

4)

d U 3 r*

a) oj o on

to o 0">

>. u

tO Z <T*

f0

•H 4J

•V 4J «H

cd

l1"

0J W r^

i

3 d

to 3 a

a.^ d

(0 o

a^-v u ^

a

f-> 3 -~» 4J

O XI -H

m oj

O 4-1

tn m oj ^

^H

■J) X OJ

x at co

*>0- T3

u

OJ -sT 4J r*

.. «-/ ^£) ^

U) CTs I-i

XI 0)

T3 CJ\ d ON

U

T3 ON Ui

C (0

>*-H O

d

iH h 3 -<

■H

flj Cfl -^ OJ

»■ -H

<0 Z

•« -H

5 O

E

OJ U Qu

u rH x:

H SJ 60

XI 1- ^

U rH

I-I >-- 4J

O

a p v

tO -6 T3 ^

0J

■Zl

.* OJ 0J

U

oo x: -h

K U^

Ij 4J ^n U

M

to >nX

01 c<o

fl) >v

oj d no ^

E

■U (0 u CD

rH U

» 3 po

rH W

4-t 3 no 0J

2,

T3 O fl

iii 3 a

o o <y

OJ 3

to o on a.

•H 01 Z On

a> oj -h

a. oj

J w _ w

CU

J « w -.

ai

3

(U < 14-1 •*-.

I-i tH

IH Ti

(0 T3

a) c

(0 -O

oj d

z OJ

Z 0J

a.

a

oj a.

ai a.

0J <

0) <

yj v-^

W -w

3 O

3

o

o <~> «

O

m m

to

^_/ 0J

»^ OJ

0)

0J r*"» -h

OJ

m «h

-H

U • U

M

• u

O

O O 0J

O

NO OJ

OJ

s: a.

x:

a

a

to X to

(0

x to

to

3 T3 0J

M

■H

(0

TJ 0J

V

ai a oo

OJ

d oo

00

z oj to

z

a; to

a

a n

a i-

ki

oj a o

0J

CL O

0

oj < y-i

OJ

< U-.

•M

w ^ i

Vi

•^ 1

1

-a
<u

3

C
o
u

CO

.— -H B

0

3
i

I-. w

J I-I

- >

§ s

13

C

ai
a
a

§5

260

1
o
z

2

LSI

| O J <U

a u o m

I* a-

a a •>

-8 S

1 *w o

5" I

CO

><H

U

01

■i

c

>

§■

oc

a

^

Id

OJ

Id

HI

en

a

1

CO

o

o

a

t/1

£

o

=1 .

CO V J2 U

u c c

0 - Q a

■- s a w

01 « C

■J) u. nj -

q r-»

o. c c <*

c/) «H T* — .

3s

$13

15

■a

is. |

0 010

=>, «

91 --^

C w

JO •

U — 1

■H

u JO

■H 3

c

to a
a

0

•- jj

- 03

«H

>* M

09

4J

w 0

Jd h

fl .O

c

01 01

0 >»

£ §

U -H

*o

3 is

U 01
0) 01

u o
u

to

u 3

JO w

■H

(0

(!)

Q

» -

■H 10

JO dJ

ao —

01 01

m cu

01 -H

5 §

U 3

ft. 0*

60 cj

00 U

■H

to

*J Li

01

•H O

ps

D9

3 -G

a

TD CO

C

03 u-.

o.^

LM

M

m

en

• « O

S

*•*

n

r^

to

W 0S

ON

as

OJ >,

(0

>»<-<

■H i-4

0)

O

JJ -r-t

.-H

J3 L.

1-

«H L

-H

OJ

Oi

OJ

51

fTJ Li

§

u u

u

l

v a

c

l.

>

3

5 o

3

01

cu

a « a. *->.— i *— ' ■

«

05

H To-

at

-H

ri oi

JO

CD

■H TO

I

£

djJ

to

a s

Jd

ra

0

iH

3

H

a.

10 u-i

<0

OJ

k.

<H >,

J3

T)

u

^3

3

■H

O

0)

c

OJ l.

L.

0

> «

O.

u

3 L-

JO

at)

to

OJ

1

a.

01

-D

CO

ll

u

■H

r-i

u- ^ a d) u ^

a >. a — .

3

■ H 3 •

j a a to j>; H

fO *H tfl W dJ JO

§

9 01 B u 3

•- B i. o> 3 a

H

J= V

>. n mca c

si

h ■» n a

C 0) u 3 T)
0 l-i OJ O C h

u u

oi u n oi

a ^

» > « o c

u

q -H » u c c
v u I no

JO T3

a

<w u u a u
H • oi c C v*

0 01 ^

W u •

cfl -H 0) 01

C.>H

JO 3 3 CJ t»-^

JO 1 JO

a 01 3

01 TO to.

to o o- a c -^

OJ >. i-l-H «

U tg g -o u- cr.

U -H C

[*, jo -^ m ~ — .

ft. S o

T3

3

C

4J

c
o
o

H 0)

g to" 5

p j= iu o n
b oo u 0 r»

flj «H CO tfl fj\

3

m

U

(M

01

fn

P

0

vO

JO

to

X

u

CO

01

1

^

0)

a

01

a

01

<

c/1

Q) dW 4-< O ft w

4i B w O r- 4J

>. OJ OJ C/3 Cjh 4)

U J3 -O vh &

^ « j3
Lj ffl c I

g i- oi

a ui ic

3 3

•«• O U

44 U -H ,

b O t-t

O > iJ

> -H OJ

•H £ 13

?§S

a ~- •

! t- e

T> 01 0

b e

•• m> a

B oi a

a to c7n

0 01 -i
U id

^ co c

JO I- CO

Q.JO B

■ H oi a to

! Id id a o

01 Id O -H
O. 0> b u

a o oi

01 "A TO «

oo m a oi

^t ■ bo

cl J u IB

^d «M N r-t U U

JU to 3 p O

3 C 3 O 3 Hi

a o o cm t/i i

T3

3

C

C

o

u

T3

c

a,

u w

u

O hi

■H

01 M

M

UJ Oj

o>

iX

1

3

09

01

■H

CO

tu

3

•a
u

ft) Ul

< u

■H

«

J

N

q so

M W

■H

-J

H M

■

Z u.

C

OJ

o q

01

Li

a 5

fcJ

o

o 3

s

£

§2

(0

•+4

a

tn j

M

co

3

CH

01

9

c

CJ

c
-1

si

w

a

Q

M t/1

^5

55 3

H O

B

as z
Pi S

a]
O

a

Id

ss

CD

3
C

.3

>-

1-1

•H

M

M

§

t

ft.

u

a

9

1

a

a

3

S

I

261

33

o •->

S K

8 a
w e

□

o
z

g

z

Q> f-t

H

> X>

id

•H 3

a

u a

0

B

U)

•" 3

a

hi

at aj

B t,

t/) o

co a)

T3 (3

1 §

a -o

3 O

a s

J3 CJ

3

19 >-«

|3

J*.^

.H 01

•a

3

U k4

ai at

•h d

•H

HS

>\ 0)

a

Js s

^ ca

>n «d

H £

a

4J *-^

-H r-t

HH^

-* o

— »

c tro

3 --4

ft Pn

•

iH &« •

CO

CO U

CD

CO r-»

t-i 0t

M

t3 C^

■a xi

<Vi >-

X)

U U Xi

at >

0)

d -h

a s

at at

9

o) at a

C 0

c

3 CO

3 a.

P <ri

a

d -h a

li x>

c

xi >, to

x> d

at d

E)

at d d

00 nj

5

id h «

« Z>

00 01

— >

oo at 3

o

ft H

JB

XJ

.. -o

>* cd rt

^ M

.. <_>

Wt

•* O h

at at

rH tH

<h a>

01

01

at oi

CO *->

e

H U ^^

<-* a

co at

i

co at d

n s

•H

a) at tj

3

3 g

M >

M > c

Q

u a at

a

cd o

0

cd o c

a. j.-, J

a -h

H

QUO)

c

o o

axi

u

en -h

3-

iJ at »

^

J *■"

w td

w

c/] co *~ •

a

v co
ai

i-> CO .

0> 3

>-. a> u

01

H 3 fj

« cr 2
o o

O B <->

co

01 tT*

r-t

d —

d

9

O co

0

^u n

•H

.h

^ ;H

U

d

OO

H

3

0

<-H 3

<0

xi

a> o

U

■H

in

ge

0

i-

CO

-J

u

at

cd

SB

u

JZ --s

■H

CO

o •

Q

H

-n

»- Xi

CO

0) 3

at

> a

u

■h d

u-

i-< :=>

> 5 3

c

0) r-t

0

l- XI

*J 3

ED

(O o-

CO

d

Oi

OI 3

M

00

to

u u

tO 0)

s

r-l C — *

■Si

d -r

<u

•O O r-»

CO 10 H

M H X>

at cd 3

> d a

■H co C

>, M CJ 3

t-i r-.
01 Os

d -h

E^c_)

3~

SS2

Uj X) X> T3

cfi

^

X)

x:

W X>

CO

01

9

to

at 3

0>

at

a.

0J

> a

M

U

c

h

■H C

u.

u

P

Eh

U 5

>^ to .

>. e ~ H

0) ^H
u 3

-^ [Jt* ^

^H 0) >s

Cfl > CO

■H XI
O U

U U U B

3
C
•H

C

o
o

N CO o c^> l-

co ^H u r^ o

M -H C/i 3% i+j

00 u-* ^ ^ I

3
C

C

o
o

H

o

vO

m
^— /
co

X

•H
g

X

5

M

O

x:

n

ED

in

3

*J

4-1

0*

CO

x:

(0

— 1

00

c

d

•H

T-I

y

r-l

X)

a

iH

9

■H

■

•H *H OI

262

is

O "
u 1

u M 00 O.

*H i-t 0)

5« a d
c o u q
ft ai o v O

o

S 9

n a a oj

o < Bx

OH q n

j* *H U >4-i

■93

rx

>.

H

rH

•h

X)

q

o>

D

■H

■H

a

a

c

o

M

01

a

CO

01

a

M

(0

>

o

i

Q. XI

o

tn

B]

•-'

■o

01

u

•h a

a <h

i-i 03

■H rH

a.

•

;»

rH

fH M

A

d oi

3

•H -H

a

« d

B

e o>

E)

£

■• o

b

01

01

U) Oi

c

w. >

0

03 o

5

a -o

u

C/3 (0

^

•- (0 CO \D

SI

U 01 o»/>

*-l ^

MM'-*

flj 18 * rH

B

•3 at

0- •

-0 ^H rH 0> X»

d 01 3

a at Ji 3

11

3 - c u Q.

X) oo a at Q

•^ -h a
add

1 113

eg >, 5 as 3
« xl ^

nj ul

^

>, XI 'J u

>. £

•* U ^t

rH to 01

H 00

Ot 01

.H M V* 3 C

-H S

X)

n oi d
n > 2

«} at o) o e

3 £

3

U O. > >> 0

a

08 O Q

a.o a

o a -h co u

0 -c

a

J 3 U Xi ^

J u

D

W (0 *-^

3S

n u

*4 n) •
1« HH
r-1 00 X>

3 3

• - o a
>. a c

rH w 3

c

o H h

a) oi

s § §

(A CO

■at

rH to H

>-. 1

Q. 01

CO

•H 01 X)

rH T3

If •-

CO

U rH 3

c o

CtJ 4J

at

<0 -H a

■H O

» to
to

s.

M C fl

ai o 01 p

ffl rH

3

X

1-1 ON

in a>

C 3 i-i ai

0

■• to

>, -H •-*

x:

(0

at ,-*

2 at

•-•a

>% c

03 .—

rH 00 ■

■H

n) 4J C

rl CO

Mt •

e oo h

^

o M

rH •- C

a

0 3 XI

O

o M

d w o

O rH

- Xi

•H 3

0)

w a)

-H HO

Or

to a

to to ft

h

33

CO 01 "^

3 §

S g-

(d 0

X)

•o ^

CO T3 l-i

O d

ai -h 3

CO

01 CO CO CO

a> a

■C 3

U rH

o

0) .-N

Ui 01 u

!-• X.

»<

nj trj i_,

4-1

r-l •

oj i-i -a iH

cfl u

O K

B 01

a. rH

a oi 3

OJ

x: to c

x>

to Xi

JZ \0 -O TD

X M

d d

m c

to

0) 3

to at o eg
01 *o o

CO 0)

-1 S

oi *o 5

at

T3 a

01 >

03 0

u

■H C

V -H rH 10
b 3 <4-i co

M -rf

H O

U- (fl ^

(b

3 3

u. b

a-^

•a

OJ

3
C
•rl

c
o
a

•H O
J= -H

a u
o «

M ~H
H 0)

as

•o d oi -

0) 03 03

M H OO

a ch

*

c

01

CO

(0

ao

to

"5

3

a*

B)

H

OJ

Bd

4-1

n

sO

(0

"— '

<4D

at at x. to —i

u ai oi 3

O >H U U ID

•h at at i-i oi

U XI CO 0)

ai ai i-i ai

, > 4J 4-1

,C HI o
•H -O tX

Xl CT.

10 3 —

c at a

0 rH c «

■h ^ u

>s P A)

H 01 u u

c > ai ai

■h 5 c a.

(J -n C

9 ° *2

• * u c

•o c^ «
at o

01 4-1 CO 4-1

u j< it m

d -H at

oi CO 3 3

CO rH T3 O*

^ O. CO rH

o

■u

c
o
u

■8

01

to
>

0) -w

vO

C
(1)
ft

ft
<

e

P.

x

O U3

H D6

tn W

O U!

H <J

O 03

B
O
N

263

US

o u

g s

II

x i -^3

.1-1 ~l — M W

•

■H d 3 * 4) -p ^
** V O *J d 4) 3

j a u cj p en u

a o *-» o *-» o 3
q g. p. 0) U x
ooB-o o p "-' •- to

«

c

o p o ^ ^

M J 3 XH U . *-l

0

z

(4 -• 4j U -«

•hmp ' a — 43 — .

30-<-i4Jn(->34>

a -r-i p to *j a. u

O ffl '*- -m t-. fl P o

o+ao^uuzi-*

s

a

z

uo p u a> u

•H 4) *-» U -H CO

X U eg oj *J a

*J P P O -n

CO -H -- 4* -h •

.- 1, fi 1/ X W — (

X-h O i (fl X

U (J TJ 0) 4) 3 3

u 4> Q] V - u

a -

i 4)

15

V «

[A

u

>,

,— <

c

t-> X

■o

<0

a

i 3

a

~3

-h a

a

c

a

p P

3

Q> 3

*J 5 P Xi

•g &

W U IJ 3-*^

0 a x

3 w

•^ C^

XI P

■• CO O -3 0>

CO 4J

WHO — •

a 3 x n

>» 4J

ro nj 4> a)

*-l tfl

•a u * p .*

•H U

P 4-1 (0 P 1-

tD -H

3 4J O 4)

U XI

X C 4J CJ X

22

< -H P w w

33

r-t V-

XI

P 4)

3

i-t -H

a.

TJ P

c

B 4>

3

X

.. u

U

41

OJ

CO 4)
1* >

3

« o

0

ax

u

t/1 «

*— '

a oh

to 4J x

41 £ 3

cj a.

•w C

*J i-l 3
Q TJ

- I --

a u a

« < o

a o

x *h u

5 §~

<— TJ X

4-1 41 4

c/j ~j — —

41 3
=* O

•H >*

0>

O

4)

41 3

U

t-l

00

4

r-t W

eo

- :-

a, 4)

ca at

x

C P

x

-H P

XI

2 p

to

p

4)

t0 o

4)

TJ 0

V-

x u

M

S3

j.

rj w

U,

■H

«

XI 3

c

>

o.

•H

X

i- B

H

0)

V-

u s

EC

01

a

to

f

a ^

'*-

0)

3 V

4)

a

B

u

a

91

- C

CO

■^

u

U 0

H

«

3 O

cU

>,

O ■--

TJ

H

£

>.

i

B

[0

n x

X)

■H

x ~

■X)

A

J!

M

tjn

0

3

U

- «

u

1

M ^H

1-

OJ

u

X

jj

X

S -B

M

(0

M

C (A

u

V

OJ

-a

4 Ui

V

k

u

c

«3

X

u.

«

a

*-*

0

X

en

0)

R] u

*J

4) 4>

- C

3

- p

TJ

0

Dfl

X o
to '-'

tfl

41

ft)

1- M
•4H 4>

>.

00 P

P fO

5

■h x:

-"^

w

M

H

C

4J U

XI

w

w- 4)

3

ca

ty >

a

CB

J- i-t

c

UJ

a m

ID

u

^ X

RJ

cfl p

t-i

P D.

X

n) P

U 3

>*

- ti

4J

CA 4)

X

3 P

00

O C

■H

>. 0

n

CO O

X *-'

0

4-»

* a

CO tu

X

ax

HI

eg *j

QJ

1-

3 T*

>,uil « S

■H

i-i

OJ

01

•H

H

>w

U

X

w

a

0

4)

a

CO

i*

i-<

h

■

a

O

■H

1

a

S3

a

u

4J

4J

3

4)

41

— .

0

U

3

a

to

u

(T

i-i

■

OB

CU

X

HI

h

C

■

■

TJ

a-

P

o

H

a

C

u

6

3

x

0)

41

CO

u

at

u

H

*-»

3

*^

a)

p
c

•H

4-1

c
o

u E
•H O
X -^

ax » m

u --*

™ B°

■H -H

to X 00

3 3

4) 3 u-l

*-» P-<J\

to

CO P —

K 3

.. p

X i-H

4) X

l,k- —

h

u tu at

O U)

n P c

4< P M

> *-.

> O (0

e 3

535

B TJ

O to

*j C to

4) (0

n

4)

CO

N 4)

N

3

CO w

o>

R3

tVI

W (0

U

i-t

00 l-t

OA

u

"■»* X

CB

p

4-1

l-i 4)

II

(0

M

41

O 4J

X

.

0

T3 ^>

4J U

■

*j

eg tu

to

CO

* r-1 v-v

TJ >

IH

o

T3

(0 X 00

Gv C

l-i

4*

a» 3 ia

14 -H

H

u

U

W Q.CJ\

P.

■a

a

CO C ^

CJ

TJ

U 3

• • -H

i

c

X ^

4f X

CO

4)

4* 1- •-*

h 4~

U

U Oy HI

O P

w

0

u C '-

? «

41

u

>

OJ p U

•H X

a

o

> O (0

(J

i

p cj a

B C

r-t

Cfl

•H 'w. ' *-'

O 0

cfl

^-^

o

TJ

3

C

c
o
u

•H
•U

C
<1)

o-
cx
<

so

B
3
O

H

<

U

a

as

a

UJ

H

<

CO

H

U

£

^3

CO

3

3

1 ti

CJ

264

t 8

J3

4J (J

j3 at *j ^

(0 U C 10 •

•H C| D. O -H

^ 11 o X>

oj a o u a

6 0 -C C CL

IS. fll

DO B t> H 3

01

a

o g *j

0

l-t O CO O 1*

z

a —i i- at

•3 S3" §

a. c x) o

o fl m a u
a. a o n ^

i

z

fl

■a

T3

r-i

- u

01

01

eg

j: ii ii

u

4-1

a

Ul u c

■H CO S

u* c 0

•H C

•H 0

0

to

513

S3

CO

*J<H u

♦H H

CD 01

co a ~

&H

cu •

en u

u 0

>^

rH

>. 1-1

a

T3 CO

rH t-f

XI

H h J

13 CO

01 01 CO

C OJ

3

e oi s

3 c

3 U 01

•H -H

a

T-i -w a.

^H p. M

eg C

a -■

c

CO c c

3

J3 CO

3

a oi 3

at -a

0

X

Ja

> <

CO *J ^

.. u

M

.-on

-H

CO 01

rH

V

01

01 01

4J

CO £

A

CO CD

C

CO oi a
u > B

CO

01 T3 CO

3

H >

c

^H

§ C 01
CO 01 u

Q.

15

o

CO o o

V

C

o

O.J3 U

a:

U] WU

3

V) CO

w

CO CO w

3 H Cd ID N

XI XI 4J C EX-

3 co ^ _,

C3 XJ U

C » U -H

co m o» * x:

-a t>o at ^ ji3

§o a n o

•H 3 CO O XI

XI u o 03 x c

(0 3 O CO

>^ W Xt "

^n >> en ai t-i >,

tH fH x: M CO u

3 0 U hHT)

•H C • «-4 -H

O (0 O Qm O Q

4 a s ^ a, o

OJ

01

iH

u

t-

.O

1

CO

I

3

a.
a

H

•3

CO
3

S

:*. O

i-

*H

00

01

C

OJ

C

I

-j

■H

L-

■H

r*

10

0

h

0

o

a

.c

3

u

—

CO

T3

cu

s

*J

CO

0

CO

0)

a j=

-A

a

c

01

u

u
C

CO

a

0

X

0

H

en

u

V

a

w

CJ) 4-1 X)

co a u

-O B Oi

§ S 3

^ CO o

a u

CO «w vO

o a S

CO o

co eg
x u

u a.

B

c o

3 01

C

dx 4-i

■ss

cj at .

XI 73

* 3

M

00 • 01

4J

* JZ ~4

-8

U5

3 H

V

>%fi a h

0

OJ

U cj XJ

^

u£ >>h

X. x) ^

E

X) 4-» 3

01

CO

O 01

«o c -*

•H CO CO

a o xt cq

a ^

b

•h a.

C 0

X)

>. c

\D 3 r-

•■ (0 i —

V

>»XI C

■H 4-J

CO C

<x> o a*

-H 4J

*XJ ^

a.

-H 3

H

J3 0

w l-l *

1- * — 1

4J •

to x:

CO

O

CO XI 0> 4J

2 frx

x: « h

x: oo

CO

41 y-s 4J

co oi j at

sllg
anal
onne

&£

OJ

CO

^ ^ 01

4-> O H

-<t o

QD

u

^ CO

M -* V-i

0<riH h

O -H £

en

3

(0

S^

V9 h

4J a v

CO -H •* &4

1 » c

CT.

o> c

93 — a*

cj CO

o u

>.

CO a]

^ a.

t-t ^H >>^'

• H

o ^

>»

U iH

M ^^

01 w

01 « -^

ki

4J -

«H >>

^*s 0)

XI Pn -H tffl

§■35 S

■s. a-

01

CO CO

XI ^H

c

0) x:

■ 4J *— v

4-1

x: Q, 3

CO C

nH

oO co

H CCO

(0 -H -<

c

« BO

0 "H

k- tH

X» 3 (*>

■H H 10

4J jk r-

3

r-»

4t 1 >,

>~ cq

CO

5 1

300

0 (0 (0 (0 co xj CT>
H B CD a. J •< —

O

C3>

u Z «

n

a— * -*

"— '

r-4

U- it) X

T3

c
o
o

o

4J '— '

O

1-

4J

(J

4J

II

to

0 r-

0)

>

XI

x:

CJ <T\

TD

c

01

4J

U5 — <

OJ

u

c

"— '

Li

o

§g

(j rM

Ul CO U X>

01

en

M

0

vO

CO

X

u

■H

CO

ID

01

C

z

OJ

a

01

B.

0)

<:

CO

— '

CJ CO

01 n

V •

0 vO

CO X

H -H

CO -O

01 B
Z 01

a

oi a

oi u

OH 41 •

p e« u -"

•< I l-il

C « 0) 3

m > a

co C B S

U O -H 3

■a

3

C

C

o
o

en

c

a.
a.

<

CO

3

M (J

9

03

36

O o.

3

3

265

cy o

■39
6 S

i

z

I

s

o

n

eg

01 <u

t/) o

a

S3

&

c

■H *-x

o <-.

xi •

o u •

(0 rH

■H 01 -^

x: xi

» S X)

3

« 1 3

ai a

o 9 a

o> e

o co e

10 3

O 3

c

•- I*

••^ h

01 0>

01 0)

» e

see
u oi 3

v e

a 0

to jc o

a u

a io o

co w

CO *J —

«*

co a*

!*h

ai to -

■0 U "*-*

>. 3 «

>> 01 « 01

•H U ^H 01

oo

onall
nes d
(Conn

H *0 U

6

B)

•H

c -^ u

u ---

o to • *

a •

•H ^H i-t 01

CO -H

■H -H

0) 5 -O C

XI

CO 01 GO

m td 3

• 3

« OS JS

u i- a a

t-i a.

CJ 4J

o 4-> a o

01 B

o • 0

O 3 U

U 3

O 00 Q

h a «

O M

c

•* -H H C

•H P

•• » •

0) 01 (Q

» 0)

« 9 uh

to c d <-t

u, aj 5 a.

a

X V- 01 X)

ot c

b 4J -o 3

cfl ^ O

4J 0

« -< a

a to a c

a) O

a e o e

U) U -~s i-t

rH x-»

CO -H U 3

a1

.- c

to >• « o

(0

OH (IU

(0

0) C -H ^

0)

h -H U

M

it (d u to
B 41 OJ

CD

O -n to

O

*J •* to

U

>> •> cfl /-^

-Out/ID,'

T3

U *H 00 f-1

OJ

*J C C H XI

U

.h «h -a a

tO 3

I 3 11^

( a u r-

p C Ox

- O 3 -<

s O

_ _J M ^-* *-»

01 *H 01 0)

e e ^ w
•h -h c »n u

S H o<* «
•3 CO O O 0h

if

01 01 to 1-i (-h

w e ot o> ^

fl] t4 U

UH «J SCO
■O 0 4IOM

1^—2

4J ••> 00 H 01

x: a -h 3 a -a-
oo ai h a. 3 r-

•r4 M *H C O Ox

3D to O. 3 *-* ~*

CO -~. 01 H

■■*->•, m J- .o
0 04^3

X) O OJ p.

to — a, c

fl H ^ 3

at o> u

ij 3 Oj ,— . t-

tO O *J 00 QJ

-h G m e

0 3 Ox 2

4J ■* O ^ O

V tI IB 41

u C U u^

H-H « Ch

fl -H CO 3 r^

xH CO (0 O Ox

T3
QJ

c

u
0

o
o

u c

■H O

j: -h

3

o

e

rl

Ot

m

u

0

«

X

Ul

>;

b

01

1

z

QJ

3 £

^

•a

0)

C

C

o

u

p

•a
c

CO

41

(3

a

I

a

3

O M

CO u.

LU O
M Z
CO i-l

8d

CO

XI

U <H

US U

< CO O

O M rH

Cj o

< Q CO

3 3 «h

CO

>< >

35 9

5

c
u

B
u

3

266

01

u o

1 1

0 w

§ °

1

z

01

c
o
z

is

>^m

jj

,-v

CO -^

C

xi o>

3

r*

O

CXn

u

0) t-i

3 at

■U

0 4-»

iiO

4)

H §

vO

U

CT>

M

■- u

0-

Ps^

■X

4-t

C

•H 0)

QJ

c o>

T3

•H CO

M

00

■-. tO

O

m

,_! « q.'-' — •

g a a.
3 b E

-a to 3

c 3

3 t.

xi oo at

M C C

>, U 0

-H 3 U

u -a ^

4J

« >, CO

H r- J=

II C4I

1 § i

(0

>»

>. CO

« Xl

■H

C h

•H 0) XI U

1-1

H 3 en at

CO O t-i «->

^

01

1

I»H fl C

-X>

S 3

sO

o

Q) C O

o>

u

U -H * J^"

ca to

M >. 3 tO

1

OJ r-i O 4)

CO

T3 C >, to

-a

r^

0 -H to to
0 JO X> (0

u

cr>

0

z

0

M

±i .» o) ■

0)

H

j: co « 3

in

p

M 01 C Ji
•rT M (0 CO

3

u

a.
c

X Cfl CJ rH

"H

r-r

■j

-o

a

01

01

— . -o

U

~T U

M

OJ

r- 0

u

M

a

on Z

s

tJ

C

— i w

-o

01

en

X .-.

1

u

c

c

o •

rO ^H

-a

o

-H

M A

m

o

a 3

£

H a

>.

a

w B

~-t

0

j:

3

a)

•o

01

(0

u

^H

-j

4-1 1-

0)

0)

0) OJ

u

0)

c

c d •—

01

a)

u □«

-o

*-l

*j

(0 Q nO

n O o>

2

3

u^

at ai at

M -M •--> c

a*

a c ^ c

c

to 3 s£) 0

0) O t^ u

-h

T3 ^-' — t ^

CO

J=

3 ^ C ^

>>

IT) J) H

u.

■* --J' "O i""-

3

i- O V-« <J\

at

at — ■ o — -

u Z

^

(0 M '^ *J

•-.

3 0) at

^H

T3

XI <u ^ M

'Ji c ao u

X)

n

3

o

at 3 en at

a

lH

t-> o on a.

C

CQ

4-1 •— ' —. »-•

3

at

i-

a

u .

in

00 01 rH

at

55-§

^ a

tj

&.'-> fl

i

DNS

-a

■O <T\ U

1

r an
en 1
onne

2 IS

>-

-H

d 00

^H

t! M ■-•

«

» 3 vO

u

01 -o

0

d otf o->

-1

Q 4) t0 W C

01

S

u

>.-o

CO

^

^^

a

a

n

rH

01

u

■^

u

C

*-.

ro

3

at
■a

"3

U

at

j

p

r^

£

J^

o

a

•M

<^

O

U

^

a

s-s

pp4

M

3

M

o

ut

a

4-t

c

u

01

01

u

01

-H

1

at

u

T*

>M

ID

ao

>.

a

£

u

O

u

rH

3

00 >H

ffl

ot

H

■o

B

•H

C

tfi

to

XI

>-

■8

a

ui

rC

■H

01

■o

3

o
u

at
u

c

1

CO
T3

a

0

cS

T3

s

a
c

ta

^

■H

DB

at

a

'-'

3

XI

3
•H

a

o
u

Z3

OJ m

u •

O vO

» X

it) -o

0) c

Z 01

a

oi a

oi <:

32

0 ^

01 r-i
tt •
O *£>

s:

CO X

1H -H

(U -o

oi d

2 St

oi a

oj <

•> *■

en

to

if

r-

QC

o*

c

4J i-t

•H

!■««

Ot

^

,_,

a

3

cw

fO

•H *

0

r-

X

r^-

IM >.

•u

ON

o>

at co

en

ao

-o

C

i-

9

r*-

at

at to

(^

oo

* p

u

00 u

Jr-

at

M u

5,

Xi
3

1

►*

u

S

T3

~o

c at

CO

O

S

3

•H
4J

c

O

ro
n

*

•H

§
ft

1 s

<

w

a

r-

d

UJ

u

1

1^

ui

X

in

ft.

P

o

u

><

J

O Z

U i-i

S3

U Ur

SS

Z -J
O Q

5!

Q

t-i
H
Z W

O W

Q 33

3

267

3

c
o
z

u

§

o
z.

g

2£

01

(0 CO CM

fl TD C3N

0> c -«

Q. fl

-o

c

a

3

•> h 5

5

£2 1

(0 C to

•O T< X!
C 3 3

3 (U

x> c os

< -H >-<

5

u

&

«

a «
co h
■o 3

g >.

X> TJ

CO 01

>. 3

•a

Xj

01

to

C a

•h -o

■o

ai a

at m

to 0

4-1 01

a

>>

11

H B/->

■H t_>

to a) •

e si *h

>*

O UJ

]jS

■H U 3

to -h a

135

CO TJ C

O 3

8 °* .-.

u £

O 01 k

•• h •

U 01

01 01 r-t

jig

(2 T-t XI
It 0 3

35^

co tu a

aj= C

c/i u 3

t

o

XI

tu

01 In

*J 0)

1 §

■H o

rH O

01 0> rH
CO -H X)
K 3 3

oo a

-i c

£ 3

S3

..»»3

at at x ^ '

r>> Ofi-O -« at

u c a* -*

3 o w c u

ci n u m a

fl It s x

H'O O 01

■a n v< j^

<o at a 3 o

o i* a> r*»

U CL C OS ON

1-t »

G O

CO CO

a i-

« s

01 1-

.* to

ai to at

a. -H u

a at

CO

x ^ at

U JZ rH

3 if l- •
O *H OJ rH

c

S rH U 0)
S H 0 C
J CO 0) C

§ s §

c •* at * a

ffl tj <H (0

4J

c

U CM c d

cd co ca -— .

■H to h
fl oi

3

0

n) -r^ o d

1-t at c ^o

» > Q
to *H O

£

■H

at co on to o

x: Xi cu — • ao

X) l- ra l- sD

C c/) X j=j

at u 2

to S to o
E5 co o

—> V *J Xi Xi

*J

W U V (7i

h >— '

at t- ^ 3 3

0)

fl

00 J* ^ — ■
i-t OO <0 d -H

as c -*

"3 °*

5 "3

d « -o a. at

5

r-

r-t c * c
4j -h co o at

>> - ><

•H CO 3

■H B os

— 1

*J

x: d -h oi w --^

0 rH jz 3 m

ts^3

h j= ^

(0 CO

rH tO rH C

ca to co

H

c

£ tu CJ Jrf

-D MTi

a rH rH O

d H 0
o d >.

cfl

OJ

GO P^JZ ^ U

CO ON On V*

j= n .-.

° s gu

x u ^h u /-v

X

u

4-1 <0 to ro "■ on

•H rH (J 0)

at — « -- at

>» to >ar

c a)
CO cq ^
(0 u

>> tg td at •*

U g d c r^
3 (0 5 on

>.

c

rt J CO-

*-* a w to x

CO C K 2

to a) to to

u

0

QI ■- (fl 3 *40

u 91 S U9 h

CO -H -H 4J w

3 <*

(Q (J 3 4J

a

u

fl TJ "H
O 0 0---N

a at at o

v iuu

0) TJ — '

at o>

0)

at -o u o — ■

0)

to at as — • at

01

U - .- 60

I-l * to

at u

<w

hrittv 4J *-n

4J - •

!x u X

ctj to CO 0)

a) to •— i

>> 4J *^^ K

■rS

BB

at 4J o d d •

•» Id 3 H

X. 5 3

rH O 0

^H

x:^ I >

H

oi at

rH

(H o to o

OJ

■fl -H CO tg 3 rH
Q d to 3 B O Xi
B i-l 01 O C 3

x: to a o xi

C0 Xi CJ3 —».

•O 0> X)

xi

J

£ x: c

to U C

XI

73 a 3 X Xi

T3

4-1

to fl s i- 3

a» at nj u a

3 sD

CO U rt

3

to u at .c

3

3

(0 4-t o *o t-<

(N

to

CO

at at t) *>

o o to

a.

nt u h <w

a

a w co

a

0 0 >. C ro

r-

o

B)

rH »>. 0 T3 a

t- u 3 o c

at as d on

u u t->

c

M -H *-» -H

c

K -H J=

a

M t-> R] 0 H

on

M

51

c to t» eo u. g d

i-t 00 01 Xi *-■' S ^D

U- «1 U) X> Z3

CO p.^

3

u. *o to 3

rD

U- T3 CJ

-3

pq o.rQ a^

^^

CQ

o u -<

4J > 4J r-

co d at oi

■a ih t3

00 3 - r- C

rl ••»

^-t

a;

— t CO r->

U

u

a to

u

u

CLnO

ai

at

3

4J

to

C 5 m

at i-l on

a.

a

■ * o

at

r-

CO

to

at w.

■o

X)

0 CiO — <

u o

at

CO w

OJ

at

o >

•VI

to M

00

00

> -H

at

I-

XI -~N 0)

(0

to

•H XI

(0

OJ

3 -• 4J

M

u

1 01

CJj

>

0) r-^ c
OS On 3

0

o

-H

c

»4-4

IH

o x:

CO

■H

w ^ cj

1

1

I.

o > u to to to 00

> *h at at xi a co

•h p n *-> 3 0 u

§U d n3 OJ -h o

eo i-t u as to ch

O U 00X) '»-'n^ I

4J -H XI *>

o U 0)

CO 3 ON

4J -h -a .-v

to

TJ H 01 -h M

co x: cni to

at

0) rH OS tU

■O 4J •l-» OJ

■H

H «- C-rt

at d co on •*-» i-t

U

a 0 n. u

iu at at — • oo u

OJ

to to a at
•• at h a.

a x> 4-i sc a

a.

fl d on a

to

at d 4J o to

•» d rl at — • to

h O a Ik

at o -o b

u at fl c at

0 kU 4J to Q 00

OJ

O r- W 0>

00

> r- X) 00

ca

■h at cu **-* <o

> at u xi B fl
i-t n at 3 h u>

M

c n u rsi w.
ti 0 u r» O

0

d « > at o o

0 U C OS (b <4t

IM

« rt OJ ON »W
U tO>H |

1

O MH*-"-' |

a

01

•o

0)

a

oi

1

u

ro

ro

XI

c
a,

01

x:

*j

c

3

3

o

o

g

a

t

3

a.

o

5

o
■a

-2 g

01 -H

2 "5

6

o

H

01

aj s

1

rV

c

3

I

1

3
1

268

■a s

O u

e

o

B

0

z

S3

OJ

o»

Q.

"-<

...

c

4-)

OJ

§

§

■o

CO

§

3

XI

OJ

03

£

>*.

<~i

»

c

H

to

§

ed

oi

0

c

x:

CJ

5

u

*-*

O 'H

S H

-0 OJ
QJ <y U 3

v^ ^ u a
m co o c

IX u^3

C Xi

3 -j

■H 3

•O r-*.

a

(DA

*-> c

*J — t /-*

SB

§ kh

13 I-

■3 O X>

C OJ

C X> 3

3 C

3 t- a

XI C

xi to c

CO O

« H 3

U

S*'*-'

>N 1-

33

3

id

3

1-7

0J

„

•H

T3

Cfl

en

XI

1-4

14-1

o

1-1

CO

O

CO

01

* -a

X)

0

Cfl

-^ O i-H

03

01

>*

4-1

OJ

U

(O c

a

X)

XJ

^

M

1-1

o

3 O

t-i

0)

o

(0

x>

TD 3

x:

u

.H

0)

Oi

ax:

o a.

ai ^

c

4-*

OJ

§ &

(0

4-1

3

c

c

en

to

>,

4-1 ȣ)

■H

00

3

-r-l

c

-H

0)

nj »

C nD

x:

•d

(0

CO

O

M

tj

3

o

-o

-a

X> m

3 CTv

m

CO

01

01

C

U

o

CO

'H

01

O -"

42

a)

x:

o t->

cd

x:

»

4-i

■> to

>i

u

00

(0

u

CO 01

u

CO

>%

u

01 "J

-o 01

u

*4-l

c

<0

4-*

a c

XI

a

(0

CO

M

en

to u

3

0

0)

a c

4-1

CO

3

M

w

x: u

o>

G

H

M

Tl

■H 0

T3

•H

0)

0)

OJ

o

u

CJ

■H

C0

rfl

vi cj

c

3

a.

M

i-J

u

CO »

e s

>%

M

CO

cfl

>,

CO

a

0) en

0 ^

>»

■a

CO

3

H

3

X) Oi

CO

T3

to

0)

r-t

CO ^-s

XI

O

>>X1

T3

x:

U)

x:

a^*

eg

C

"3

*j

(0

■O ^D

CO

>,

>-

■3

3

CO

j-

p

C cj

0 i£>

o

•H

0J

u

§

C in

0)

— 1

u

OJ

Q.

O

0)

o

0) w

•H i/1

M

*9

M

cu

o on

M

c

o

0)

E

>-

Ui

(X-H

C/3 ON

CO

a

a

u>

u

a —

tb

o

X

3

3

«

14-4

(0

o -a

v^ — .

to ti

3 cu

» c

C

•- o

^H

CA

*>

,— n

c

>.

CA

in

01

•H

CO

-J

c

°3

Xj

CO

o

•H

s

c

»4-4

(0

CO

o

CJ

1- S-l

x:

t-l

01 ON

>A

0)

Cfl

01

*-J ■£■

U

u

0)

EkO

C <T

3

(0

M

k4

3 —<

0)

»

O

CO

O

XJ

X

n-- CO

>.

Cfl

CO

c

rH

01

in -h

•a

t-l

r*

Cfl

3 Xi

CO

IM

c

Zi

O XJ

0

5

*

>. o

t-

O

CO

nj a;

«

4-1

CO

■H

XI '-'

3

T3
OJ
3
C
•H
4J

c

O

o
o

C n ^

CO Ot M

O N 4-i

CO 0)

>> ^ T3

1-* 00

-H ■ — . »

U t4 CA ^-*

CO O 0» CN

CO

S U UN

01

*H CI] CO On

u ■o U ^

CJ

a o) xj

01

1-4 CD Q

a

•* a 4-t a)

CO

01 MS

l_. .- a) cO

01

O (0 > CA

H

> 3 C X) CO
•^ O -H 3 1-

C

o c

t- u to o

CO O 0) en

S 4-» 4j a

•H CO CO 0

h T3 I- t1/n

o. oi xi c/j \c

C X) oi co

1-* 3 4-1

§3

c

H

o

X)

CJ

3

1- -H

p.

01 x

c

N 4-1

3

Ln

CO C

OJ

t>4 01

t-<

00 X)

01

U

c

01

i

a.

01 cfl

o

CO

U 01

u

O 4J

01

> >s

oc

■h x:

OJ

rfl

XI o.

«

M

t-4 -H

aC

O

> o o o t

1

C -3

O O

O n_^

t-i -H

oi x: -~N

N 4J CO CM

CO

CO C 3 N

0)

t-< o; 4-» on

•H

60X1 *H — '

U

M

at

•* - 4-1 C

a.

01 CA 01 01

en

U 01 XI 0

O u CO

0)

> >N * tA

00

•h x: oi xi

CO

XJ D. CO 3

M

U -H 00 OJ

r*-

O

4i a-4 os

C3N

*4-l

X 0) fl1-'

—

1

3S

D. u CL 3 U

cu o n 3 tn

c?"l

X

•H

c

0)

a

U4 c^

r_i

01

< W

3

>

Q Q

U

M M

CJ

Z c«

•-H

C/l

se

01

^

S3

to

0

0)

0

H M

X

u

< C/3 4-1

269

^§

c

0
■r-

U M-l

to

— « u

0> 01

(A •— '

trt (J

* X

■o to"

fl) o -^

0) Xt \o

§ c

a. »-* ^

CO c^

3

- H -^

01 X)

*J "-' /—*

> <

C G •

■H

CO 1- QJ f-t

4-1

■O QJ-O J3

5 g

•-* -H 1 U

O Xi

XI 3 2 C

T3 *-v

•- C OJ CO XI

<U OJ x x» 3

U .* 00 C Cu

ffl CO -H O C

ot: *j x! a Z3

C *-< •

U CH

-O 0) J3
C 3

3 *-. O.

Xi CO C

Q IUU

>s Cfl u

rt Hi QJ

-H V- C

CO ** C

u o

o c o

L.

tO

>sO 10

-- eo

3

^H C 4J

u

10 -—*

^-t (fl 01

C X

to c

to to

c j:

-a cu

H Xi

o o -<

X

e u

QJ 3

■H 0 OJ

3

3 <*-.
XI

5 c

cfl x a

(0 1

c

CO C

CO ID

O ^ (0

3

X

- X ■-

>.

U 1-

o *-<

t-.

.-H >N

01

u

QJ

.-H i-*

^ C

• - x *

§

to ::

OJ c

01 00 D

u -h

> o

1- 3 C

C

o co

•H u

CO CO •--<

c2 u --<

u

J a

k- w

w

3

I-

0)

H

m

c

X

V

•or

OC

3

c

j^

(0

a.

:j

c

■a

u

*■■'

£>

X

<u

U

>

oo

U

u

c

C>

c

3

3

0*

c

0)

u

0

u

>■>

M

.-«

Tj

U

T3

tfl

4-1

5

oi

-

m

t-l

3

r*>

M

0.0

a*

03

(A

^-*

—«

4J CO CO -H T3 1-
01 CO 4-1 C 01

CO

u

3

••

U

OJ

CO 0 *J

tfl

0

u

0)

a

kt

*-» a c

(0

c

01

(0

OJ 3

at

0)

•H

OJ

60 * O

*j

cQ

a

H

13

XI

OJ 10 ^

CO

o

(0

c

> -H

V-

>*

■H

X

3

(0

CO ^"N

01

u

>%

0) C *A

cfl to <r

•d

c

ft

u

Cfl

0

■H

-J

3

t-

OJ

C U <T^

E

d

CD

0)

01

■DC

OJ — '

i

30

*J

-a

TJ ■

O

0)

>1

(0

01

Cfl 1-

4-1

>

<H

3

00 01 01

to

Xi

■a

X

9

C X 4J --^

X

(0

X

3

CO

tfl

•H U C 00

:jjD

cu

4-1

a

o

OJ

0

> 4-1 3 c*>

i-t

h

c

M

u

—I

« -h o a>

K

CO

3

p

PS

M-t

CO

u h ai o cj

OJ

a

01 >

>.

a

4-1

a>

Xi

c

CO

a -w

<o

a

c

u

01

■H

k4

XI

3 ^

QJ

0

1-4

t-l

H

x;

..

B

g

0)

5

Cfl

Cfl 14-.

o>

CO

4J

OJ

tO o

■j.

CO x

(0

>.

CO

XI

>^

u

01

u

OJ 3

CO

X!

3

3

1-

U-l

1-. 'Jl

CO

j: a

X

u

c

a

3

CO V-

to c

X

to

i-.

c

01

C

01

--H 3

01

M

OJ

P

•H

X 4J

4-1

tH

4-1

>%

CO CO

- u

c

u

t-i

^

■H 3

OJ

tfl OJ

X

(A

-o

§

o

■o

M

g

^< c

3

M

c

d

C

o c

3 g

e

0)

to

C

o

CO OJ

.5

0)

i-

Q

Im

«J

I-. a

CO U

0)

0

o

c

Q

ec

i

x o

U

u ^-^

C/l

U-i

4-1

■^

'"'

T3

3
C

c

o

U

CO T3 OJ

- c -J

z a) n

a p

«J a o

<u < —

w — i

QJ -C —

o o

> >> u

■H H O

F 5

to CO *~

3 O

-O 4) ■

o <*>

Jl £ H

U CO X

QJ n

a-H 3

u •

•*-. a

o *c

c

X

01 C p

CO X

»- o

t-> -H

0 >-

CO XJ

> >. 01

01 c

*H ^H C

Z 01

c c c

a

U -^ 0

cu a

CO CO U

QJ <

o B —

t/1 ^^

T3

3
C

c
o

X
•H

C
0)

a

a.

0

>

Q

u

-H

w 5

(/I

<

ra

Q tfl

c

|i

— bJ

■H

QJ

X X

4J

(0

< ■-•

>

3

z u.

l-

QJ

O tiJ

01

T3

5£i

X

H

lo a.

to

>-

"O

-J

■H

c
•J

5

3:

u.

270

t i

"3

0 u

>

a -

x:

0 0

T3 01

"1

0) tH

<d

4-1

e

c

•H C

c

0
U)

■H CO

0

u

cd

.H —1

4J *-•

01 01

0,

e

w u

>.

CO CO

c

■-I l-i

X)

-a nj

T3 CO

C QJ

3

C 01

c -o

•H -i-t

o.

3 M

cd C

tO C

e

X) (0

3

E 0)

=)

CO

0) X)

J=

J= ^-v

> <

*- c_>

V-

>, CO ■

OJ

01

^-t at ^h

4JJ

to OJ

c

i-l V- J3

CO

n >

c

co **-« a

H

(0 0

o

u a

0>

a x

o

o c c

oi

c/j (0

■— '

J -rl 3

u §

(0 rH

«o u

>N

H

3 to

u

T> X

T3 w

.-< U.

XI

xi It

C 3

C

e at

3

rfl .*

3 a

3 W

•H -H

a

cO

tfl

^ c

XI CO

CO C
B 01

c

>N -H

4-1

(0 =>

CO 01

^

.-t

-H

U '--

X

a x:

a./-^

>> t-.

>> cO •

.- o

M

U !5

>-* at

OJ

at

(0 U

3 r4

■H C

•-t x: x>

CO 01

t-i ^

o a

CO C

CO CO 3

t"l >

01 <*-

U 3

a o

u 41 a

(0 o

o

-a

i-. a.

o u

O l-i c

J y-< 3

a. x>

u

5 c

o c

-J ^

to CO

^

£ H

XI 3

u

3

o

XI

O

u

>>

^

(0

Xi

CO

4-1

a

X!

cd

00

CO

0)

■ft

a.

M

CO

1

3

4J

CO

0

(0

x: *-+

i-l

CO •

x;

CO

00 X)

<n

co

60 3

at

0)

3 a

u

u

rH c

1X4

td

(0 n

e

M

r*.

3

U

ON

c

u

d

4J

o

to

10

u

to

x: co .-n oo

U (OH C 3

CO CO CO 4J ■

^ ox:

CO

(0

01

■rl

0)

0£

-*

Xi

0)

X)

CJ

CJ

>

3

cd

4-1

a.

t-

-H

c

c

x

T3

•H

.3

u y-< x: <r

to o o r*

U 4-1 ON

X) co -h — i

u -a

0 at « '->•

4-1 4J - '"t -

(0 111 rl H

X 3 a MJ3

co 5 0 3 3

01 u CO O O.
u <0 3 a c

U. XI CO "*-" Z3

x: -h q a

u o 3 1-"
to t-i o 0)

u

0

OJ CO

4J

l-i 4-1

CO

CO

a co

Q.

x:

en *j

a

CO -J

CO

at -h

cd

C r-

01

T3 X)

3

CO CJv

U

•3J

CO

o — *

tu

Xi o

3 •- co U

a. >. j«: ^-,

c <-» at

CJ

3

0

Wi -^,

co

CO u

cj r*-

k4

at

CO

cr

X>

>> C

cd

-i c

at

CO

o

H o

u

»a (fl ^-.

cd U

cd

QJ tO •

•H ^— ■

> W ,-H

x:

U

x:

-H 00 XI

CO

a> co

CO

Vj 3 3

0)

a. 4-i

0)

o a

t-l

CO fH

u

c a c

Pa

ai a.

u.

-h ^ ^

c

- >.u

CO

Ul fa — '

H

a. xi

CJ

t^ » <j-

CO

3 co r^

t-.

U) rHC^

j: rH - 00 Xi

tn c in 3 3

V* n3 t-» Q C

T3

0)

a
c

T3

3
C

C

o
u

c

o
o

as

cd

3

CJ

■a

a

at

u

CO

0.

CO

at

0)

4-1

U -H X) -~-

> »-« 4-1 r-1

ft at t* xi

c n a* 3

U. CO > CL

CO U C C

at u ~*

OJ CO m to

U Hi X) CO

o x: 0) o

> CO 4-1 (-.

•rl tH h U

c <4-< at

^ > T>

(0 C C C

tO O e-J C 4J

OJ

CO

u o

M

OJ

X) CJ

O

X

QJ w

>

to

4-1

rl

l-l ^-^

E

U-l

at r^

?. m

CO

C

C C3^

1

o

s~±

0)

u

d

4-1

C/l

r-

rl

as

at

>

at

c

co

G

•H

00

05

i

C

cd

to

o

CO

o

u

CO

t-l

OJ

0)

o

U O -H -t

U (0 CO (A o
03 V- u C t-

o > v* oi OJ

Vj (0 n] o

vD

13
C

a
ex

<

o
a

41

3

cm

a

3

a
eg

271

I S

s

to <u

x: i

■H -H

to -o

«H i-J

^ c

OJ *H

13

3 C

a

00 cd

e S

3

— -H

t- cr

r-J <y

U *

XI CO

(A

3 oo

60 -a

a i-

3 C

c

o <o

id o

at

Cl. -1

u a.

e

s *-> ra oj a

cd Ui x: -h c

oo o *-* u =>

a oj

i- B >> a u

(13 -H H tf) 3J

3 to tfl *j c

to x>

3
O. OJ

c

•H C

Q

a -h

GB

■H «)

«

CJ

01

a. •

ft

'J

>, ~H

c

~H V- .C

XI

a)

C 01 3

c

T3

H M -1.

B

C

gee

B 01 3

3

V

-O

£

>

<

• » u v-

% g

01

habi
anal

bl.)

o

o

V 3

u o.

-H • C

u

*-» tO ^>

c

oj 3 j-

(0

TJ

rH 0J OJ

§

C i-» c

.o

-H 0) O

a

u

*j x: *-■'

>* •

C «

^H rH

(0 -<H (0

■O 00 D

rH J3

0! 3

e oo o

u a

3 3 >,

o c

XI rH td

J 3

< CO X>

<~A 3 >%

>> 4) O C >% (0 O

«-H U U 3 -h <U l-

i~i w i- — i (0 *-»

V 4J -H C

O OJ O. U

•a <u u a

3 oj u —»

d

*

3

(0

>x

a.

>^

r0

T)

c

0J

0J

a

0J

u,

u

*->

td

3

t-

<o

0J

k

JZ

4J

c

U

10

0J

c

C 3

• * u
>> 01

-I e

t-H

>N

r~

■ «

to

M •

m

XI

H

CT*

01

<D

U rH

OJ

* 3

u

rH

a

C

to xi

(J

to C

to a.

■H

td

0)

O

Xl 3

•H

u c

4->

•H

10

M

N

a

*J

*-l o

J=

•H ^

SZ

c

U

td

td

s c

x:

c

td u

[fl

c

Q.

to

0J

OJ

cd 3

to

Ov

*-t — • '

■H

t-i

1-1

a

3

t>0 •

x:

td

0)

rH

•H

Ai

3 0J

Jrf

EO

O

3 ^

to

c

t-< tJ

M

XI ^

U

c

o c

o

c

0J

iH

O XI

OJ

•H

4J QJ

U

c

cd <r

m

o

I-" c

n)

a 3

u

00

(0 c

td

•H

x: i^

i_i

u o

u

U-,

w Q.

■4-1

M

c

»-

<Ti

XI

p

o o

X>

XJ

CO

O

c

"3

* o

Xi

•o

S"

o

Xt *-*

fl

c

>»3

c

s

to u

td

o

<J

O

0J

o

to

u

•H

a.^-'

o

OJ

OJ LO

4-1

* CO

u

M

■H

cd

-H u

3

a

u

u cd

to aj

a

i-J

OJ

■O OJ

>,

o

td to

0

*-l rH

c

(0

a. X

x:

ta

cd

u

s §

3 >-

JC

(0

(0 00

tfl

id

G U

to

V

3

eg

c

to o

to

OJ

3

OJ

u

to *-i

OJ

-a

w

I- o

•H

cd

u

OJ

TJ

TJ O

t-

I-.

3 -H

l-t

c

3 O

s

x:

•w <d

^

§s

£

cd

to -o

u.

3

LO

•H

4-t "- -

w

O 3

u.

3

1H I- rH C

JJ

OJ

OJ

•H

Ui

a

0

a

B

-a

^a

■H

rl

CO

x>

O

u

u

OJ U *-» c

£ 01 Jl u

•a
m

3
C
•H
4J
fl
O
O

c

0) OJ

0J

cd

a

u

t-i *J JZ

i~, >

X!

c

0 (0

o cd to

o c

a)

*j

o

4J * OJ

U rH -rH

U -H

u

*-»

u

td to *-»

^--v

cd vn

y-s

td o

■*-i

0

^-*

T3 OJ td

•o -

TJ U

o

oj x: u

rH

OJ C -H

OJ u

OJ

on

u to X)

X)

U O rH

-D

u CQ

a B

td

n

CL -H OJ
Uh jj

3

o-jj |

3

a.

E

C

r*

c

•- C to

c

id

o

OJ C OJ

=>

oj cd

^

OJ (O

u

M o >

r. rH *

r< OJ

M

c

0 c

u

o a to

M

o x:

*■

C

1

> P^ -H

OJ

> 0 *J

OJ

> to

to

td

•-i

■H rH O

g

iH o tj

c

-rl iH

OJ

CO

XI

C C t-

C N OJ

B

C »*H

U

a

t/1

3

l- -H U

0

u to
td C C
O O -H

o

1-1

td

0

o

a

td to cd
U B a

u

U

cd c

Vj

0

1-i

c

v-'

o 0

.Q

N

u

3

-a

D
3
C

c
o
u

vO

•H
T3

C
0)

a
3

8

O

u

s

c

272

a
o

c

11

TO C

3

> <

15

01

at

r-l

3

,_i

en o>

c

J3

XI

i- >

a

«

CO

3

(fl o

o

(J

cy

a

a xi

u

O

b

c

to nj

s-'

►J

U-J

Z3

(13

o

CJ

a

>%

B

M

-h

CO

fl)

3

C

o

C

XI

■H

3

(A

O.

qj

(fl

C

u

td

D

0

0)

o

Vj

ac

01

at

C

cd

B

Lj

o

cd

>. CJ

£

X>

*— '

cd ^n

(fl 00 c*

TJ 0~* —-.

*o c -< ^->

c >H ^ .

C -H

3 rH -H

3 V4 X -H

XI ro 1-. XI

X) 3 O XI

(Q *m 0) 3

(fl 13 Xl 3

u a

ki a

?N TJ c c

>. >> ra c

•H C 3 3

rH f-H H ZD

01 rt o

« H "^

*-) "^ JH

u d m

(0 M a>

aj -h 1- aj

M 41 ^ C

U U 01 c

at B <r c

T3 B r^ O

01 01 B C

•O O. B O

o oi 9u

0 3 CT\ U

ac « -h ^

E m n^

>.

0 fl)

>.

DO--.

PsrH

rH

r^'H

00 '

rH rH

c

CO 00

C

3 <H

5 §

X) 3

•H

rH XI

fl)

s

0

- a

§

en a

a.

* C

3 M

c

PM

01

.*

rH 3

>*> gg

•3

>^j:/>

>^ rH

>> 3

rH

u •

fl) li

H O

u

c

4-1 1- 1

C

B 0)

C >,

rH 3

0

•H XJ

o

" §

O fl)

fl XI

-a 3

X>

U -H

CO

a

(fl

- o

Cfl

o u

CO

* c

4

(fl o

R) -

J u

0)

u =i

01

a> w

ai en

5

M

a

u

J3

*-< a

CO

cd at

cd

U Cfl

co a

Q

a i

(0

x:

i §

x:

X 3

Cfl

■tf

CO

■o at

(fl (0

01

0

r*

0)

u

0)

Ij

58

c^

H

C 4J

V- C

P-.

■h

Pn

■H tfl

bu -H

01

4J >> -H ^-s

3 4-t I- Q. * — <

X H cj co cn r»

C jj w Ccj\

*■ -H C ^ CO -H — <

01 -H 3 00 J Ji

c ffl U (*"> t3 ot

•H (fl ^ 0> * < 4J

>. -h o at t-t o

t< x x u co o TJ

3 (fl c oq s c

at c 4-1 3 co

•H i*~l O * *

>N O '-' 4-f "O »

rH >* at r-. >*

•a h tn ^ i- nj u

ffl C fl) U~l Vj rH *a

O -H 0) -T 01 -H -H

t-j CO r-i cTi (I, o CO

ca B co — < — ' cu o

m m

fl)

tfl ^-^

■H

^-,

^ at -^

XI

0) •

c

CO

: om

^ -H

T3

J OH

M1

(0 X>

--H

B

a)

rH P

fl)

4-1

u-i

at *-<

3

a

(A

<r

c o at

O

x: c

o

■H 4J 4-1

Cfl ZD

at

>-,

<H C

U

4-1

CO

co x: 3

rg >-

a oj

«

Xl

M

X ooo

Qj ^~.

&2"

CO

c

0)

u

4-i 00

m

-- c

vD

T3

ot

C **>

3 (fl

a>

cn o

vC

0

3

3 CT>

Ot C 0)

(fl o

o>

a

o

O -H

■H iH

(0 w

>^ w

U

Q.

o

M

rH >, ^H

at

(A

0)

u

(fl Ot

■O rH c

j-j

rH 3

J«;

Cfl

0) i-i

men

c

(0 O

XL

CO

(fl c

O-HH

3

T3 >,

0)

00

01

tfl D

u eg to
PQ B «

U

•H (0

X

CO O

v-'

*-* X)

*-^

S3

CO

D.^

T3
0)
3
C
•H
4-1

c
o
o

5.2

4J

c

t-4

CO

u

Cfl

o

41

o

oj x:

4-1

4J

u

4J 4J

(13

CO

(0

CO "H

-a

l-i

T3

V- B

01

X3

0)

x> en

id

01

X)

M

at

Q-

4J

3

a.

4J TJ

U

CL

0) TJ

at

c

01

>

O

01

>

u

c

u

C x:

o

M

o

•H U

>

01

>

CO

>H

c

rH fl)

C

c

c

rH ffl

M

(TJ

o

M

CO M

CO

s

<-)

fl)

S aa

u

to

■— '

o

(n ^^

-a
a>

3
C
■H
4-1

c
o
u

•H

•a
c
a)
a
a
<

*( to

r-t

2S

u

o u

es

B

a. a.

O

Q W 4J

Mffi (0

X W 4J

O H rH

273

g

e
o

*j >** .n
-h oj w

B S —

C w u 3

C r-l

0) XI

J* 3

O r-t ^ -H C '

c

xt B '— • ^

O t-t k-

o o x:

U (0 X)

to -H X)

"O (0

m <r ai

■H 4J 01

■H u w

O "O 3

« 01 3

G X)

cfl c

0 r- C

CO - 2

(0 *-^ c

m o

•h a

•- u G

u u cu
u C

3

•H cd ~h o

o in o

O en B

0) =3

O 1- 3

0) XI

Hi 3 U

u at u

U 01

l-i e

0)

> <

4-i x •— *
<o 00 o

O C w
-H

°5 E

CO t-t l-i
U 01

01 I 01

4J

l-i C XJ --*

-- a» /-•

•- 01 «

c c

(ft 3 C

co

41 rl U^

01 U) -*

oi ao s

^ 41 C

t-t (fl c

H

TJ M fll N

m r-

M

M M O

CO O

at

3S

O 3 H O**

m e a*

to G C

05 -H -H

01 ffl u

> 4J w

a c o
tn -t-i -— -

>>

c

— 1

3

td

l-i

c

QJ

o

■H

B

en

0

fll

u

u

^

O 0

•H U

•H *-> 3

ID jJ J-

^•o

o

>%

■H O

U G -t

«-* c

x>

^H

O >■• G >\

tO 3

c <0

1-1 -~S

c tn

4J <— ( -H CO

O X

o -•

to •

•a

o in >-•

C H X-

>*^ o

G

H -H

c

to at

•*rl Q >-<

4J /-^ XJ

en -h

T3 ^ XI

CO

en a *->

at eg tn * at
c B to c

•H « 00 U"

(0

C 3

(0 c

C oi en co

0) '-<

to -^ a

c <r

at h 3

•H X 01 c

f-t tn en (-■

t-i o

-< C

•H f^-

.-t 4-» 00 )-■ o

,_) 0) ^h W

CO

W r-, 3

<?\

co -n ^-^

CO 3 -H O O

CO CO

01

01 t^

0) -*

■H

x: xt x: x: ^

w a. U y-^

>sT3

00^« 1-"

T3

>, U /-N

>-. en

0) ~H

4-1 *H

G at

•H X

U IT)

i-i - o u

X - 4J r*

■h en

H ■ 4-t

en o

-H -•^>

3 1- *J >N 0J

00 W C 0">

C w

■HUG

*-> X)

cy>

C tn o

0) 01 CO ^

•H >. 3 ~<

•H 3

^H -) 3

3 1-

•H Ss^

*j 01 XJ CO

x mo

•H O

01 o

O CO

^H (0

>, CO 4J «H

XI '-' w

(0

(O •'*-'

H

u

tfl Xi t-t

i-H 3 CO •»

>N 0)

en >»

>>^^

at

en at

T3 X l- m X

X)

.-1 t-l y-N 1-

.-t

M

U 4-1

co en m co (A

p

g o» in i-i

x: c

CO 3 -J

C co

M

XI QJ C

CO

0 0> T) 0t k-

a

rl J«I 11

00 -H

at to r-

■- • 01

at

00 3 3

t*l

u k- o I- eg
aa ^ B co a

c

eg o o Oh

£3

(0 < —

3 S

Cu

•H 0 CJ

a -h — -

3-'

X tn > Tt 4-i

<4H

ti

ra dco

(It

ffl

O c>

•H

i-

OJ

1_ ^-- o^

tn

c

a> -h

CO

m

00^

x:

01

Ctl

C O t-

>,

J-

at

to

•H vD at

3

m

G

at

en

t-t ON 4J

a— c

II C '* "1 W 3

-H >, CO — ' C O

■ r4

en

•^ -a m

>>

4-» 0 <T

CO

(0

HOC1

en

x>

u3-

0)

k- -

to e *-*

o m h

4-> t-i <T* C

-H CO — i C

C 4_i 0

■H 5) ki U
H 00 «)^

n hi u

in > c ^

^ 3 ao

x: O <-^

OC k, ^ o-

■^ IU —

x: > *-* ->

o tn k- ■

>. u oo a> •"-<

^4 C 4J X)

e t-i -h c 3

■-4 CO ft 3 U.

CO Ct f< C C

0)

o

J

u c
•h o
x: -^
a 4j

2^

at rn
u •

O X)

a

at a

at <

3 S

t/) 'w ' I/) '«-'

id

■a

ti

c

z

'11

OJ

a

OJ

<:

C/3

^-*

3

C

c
o
u

CO
X

•r4

a
a

5 S

J

< <

a H

•H U

H J

o a,

03 l-i

O as

2 74

01

u u

1 s

0 4J

C n

o o

§

z

s

o

z

H Q M

Cfl -H ^H

> O V U

m a S

1- 0) B H

>v

c

0

u

oi

ai

4J

CO

cd

10

M

a)

x:

0)

m

1-1

TJ

o

c

0

x:

o

£

(0

B

tJ

C

XS

§

X)

cfl

a

■0

t/)

c

§

*~*

3

M

U

M

(d

0)

01

>*

1 1

3

O

(U

to

U

u

«

60

M

c

01

•H

CO

■a

U

r*-

0

a

o*

T.

■a

— i

CO 0)

C 4J -H ^

01 01 o. * ^

j< C co t/> r-*

■ a) *j c cy.

Ot tJ .*

- < 4J ^

X) O *-> w- ^

:S2

U 00 01 h >, CI

I C 1- « u C

U 3 J-, rH Tj 5

Cfl 01 rH 'H 0

01 >> CU o co u

:>> X) ^ CU O *-'

X! "JJJ 1,

cd c c

•H C

^ au

01 CO —'

u

CO ?-> I-

>> >* o

-I -H U

at .-t w

41 U U

•a a. c

in a «h

V* C IB 1/3 rv

U -H U C O".

u Xi cd -h — <

'52

£*£

^ x a. o co u

xj o co u

0)

0)

a c

_ i

c

4J

CO 3

•H

cd

01 o

a*

u

TJ >--

cd

01

•H

x:

-d

3 ^

u

>>

o

m

0)

U.

E

... ^y

M

3

CO CJn

u

0)

C

Oj ^-t

0)

•--1

a-

>1

4-1 U

.— 1

>>

•H OJ

TJ

C 4J

cd

c

■H C

00

o

^ 3

c>

u

cd

ro o

0"»

33

B

CO *— '

—

cd

CO

CO J-i

*7

>%

CO at

— 1

u

a. w

X)

c

3

c

-H 3

D.

-H

to o

c

-5

TJ w

31

CO

4-1 ^"N

M

m

01

X

» -*

c

00

to o>

c

C 01 C CO

•h 3 3 m
cd O O C*

'" 00
QJ fO

0) O"!

C 4J CO cu cu

■H 00 *-> C

rH - C C C

CO cfl -H 3 O

cfl >\ >-H O cj

U 1m u--, — <-

Oi to -T r-*

3 OJ CT\ o>

O C — -.

I— I ^

■- I- 4-1 •

■- Cfl 0) OJ i-H

CO 0) 4J l-l X)

cd co C t-i 3

oi co 3 ot a.

U CO CJ ft, c

(0 G.'-' ^^ 3

Cfl

OJ

at

CO

ll

J^

4-1

>*

0)

0)

CO

01

cfl

CO

XI

i->

■H

u

XI

-H

CO

a. -

3

01

3

3

to co

r«.

u

X)

TJ

u

u

CO

4-1 C

o>

0)

0

0)

OJ

TJ

CO T-I

4-1

x>

B

3

CO

in

c

01

Ot

CO

J .*

c

3

Ot

0

0)

•^

c

c

4-1

C

T)

01

3

a.

c

o

<-i

M

a*

o

U

CO

- <

4-1

O

c

■H

4-1

co

u

^H

01

o

4-1

•H

a

cd

*J

0) *

s

CO

X

to

i-

a

0

v- M

(j

X

be

cd

x:

01

>>

u

Cfl

u u

m

01

>s

at

CO

4-1

CO

u

a

3

cd o

T3

•*

§

h

x:

i-i

l-l

c

m

3

O

ca r

c

CT»

3

CO

Cfl

3

CT*

0)

c

>^

cfl

o

01

B

s

U

cd

u

>^

?N

X)

4J TJ

I-.

p^

*j

u

T)

0) l-i

>•.

01

—I

>s

•H

Cfl

to

0)

T3

Ed

x:

v- cd

t-.

4-1

TJ

^H

C

Ot

3

XI

(0

0)

CO

t- ^H

TJ

c

CO

cfl

C

•H

CO

O

C

3

3

1-4

Ot .-<

3

c>

O

•H

to

>>

3

a

U

Q.

2

ft. O

cd

O

cr>

J

CO

cd

-

O

c

X.

CO

w CL.

o

w

— *

CO

to

ax>

*^

33

C "O rrj (0

C 01

^-r]

O u

XJ

a. c

3

3

a.

- U

c

CO *-'

31

Ot

x: ^^

U

U in

Ot

4-1 -T

c

■H o>

c

TJ ^

o

u

- U

CO OJ

3 4J

o c

GO

S^ 3

m

ffl O

a*

X)

<u

3
C
•H

•u

C
o
o

•a

3

a

n

o

15 -O
1) C
Z 01

X

•H

•a

g

3£

CU o
to cu

275

a c

■u
e
o

25

3 O (3 CJ U

a c ^ *-> *->

o -h c « c

CU S -H CJ 01

n

fl ~H

id

c

01 XI

£

o

>. 3

.H

to

a

a

u c

4J fl /-»

oi oi

5 =

c ^ •

to u

(0 .-H

c

td l-<

TD >, XI

■O nj

C v

C -H 3

(3 G

2, %

3 i- a

Xi co C

3

cd o

d '11 3

01 -o

o

> <

>v>-^

>ȣ In

t4

rH ao ai

4J

-h -a

rH 3 C

to o 2

CT3

(0 c

rH

O 3

U I- O

01

o o

0£U

as

j ^i

J U w

3

,-v

O

U X

-H

1 X o

X

4J 4J X>

3

to t-

a.

O >s.H fl

B

0..-H -H H

3

U U *— '

co cd a.

Ij

n v < u

OJ

-H CJ td C >,'~~-

ctj cu > a» i-i -j-

cj a u > u p*

cu u

U. £ TD H

<d c oj

CQ • CO 4J

■a c

* t* - 3

■ *-» « >. o

0) rH -* ^--'

; ^h ti

I 1-i O T^ -^

<u a, co — •

SIX Or-

i§

CO

u x>

CJ 3

tJ (X

c e

3 ~>

o

rH U t-l - —

' -H T3 O 3

* rH O CO 3

U -H OJ ■ — ' * — l-<

-T O

t- -i x; a c cj

OJ i-H U CO tH U

TD CJ C *-• ^1 -H

o cj o co t3 x:

at: td aj<5

4J CO

C U, _

CO -H

[fl

0J

•H — C
t3 U\ u

>, 00 u o

mH w cj >,

0j C to '-> tfi — *

w -h oj a. c -— xi

l- 3 C CO -rH — ■ 3

eg -h *-• j£ r-. a.

a. c oj co "O cy^ c

C/l -H co -j < ~-i =3

rH 3
CO X)
U -H

OJ

l- CO

at a

T3 *

>■

CO

1

-

•- r-t

>

(0 01

u

>.

OJ

at

(A OJ

•H

> 0

OJ -H

-H

CO

TD

CO C

M

O u

*J

v- a

c

X)

•H

a

to

OJ c
CO X

IO 4-I

13

o

a eg

to

p*. w

•H

M

3

cd

(0 r*»

t-i

t-i

at •

c

OJ ^ o

-Q

*-J

CO *->

B

o> at

<H

B

01

t-i

C c?>

CU

00 at

•-* rH

^H rH XI

01 cd

Xi

cd

CO 4-t

— u-i

td

■H -^

1

C w

cd x>

CJ

•H ^H

0)

OJ

T3 J

JJ

c

3

(0

3 C

at -a-

j

j:

cd

•H CO

TD 3

x:

u

C CO CO

B

u

■H

X!

CJ 3

a

-a

O 3

r-

C CJN

TD OJ

0

£3

M 3

to a.

CO u

•H

OJ -H 3

-H

CO

3 -

<

W O

B

x

CO

>>o

a>

-H — •

< W

u

to

M

o> c

•H OJ

c

> U *-•

H

M

u

=j

GO

OJ

co ^

*j

■H

at x:

3 3

X >

0

3 0J-H

<0

OJ

.* CJ

§^

•H

u

XI

CO )-■

0)

;j

^

u-i CO

M

U *H

XI

*j

•(-> a t.

X)

x:

■a

>* u

J*

)-i

X

a.

X OJ

u

u

at ^

H Ui

CO l-i

3

j;

CO u

3

?s

U U

u

m

at

to

. m

at

&B

u

a

CO

OJ

S.3

at

M

o.

c

* at cj

a

M

•H CO

o

T) <T

B

0

OJ

to -j-

u

rd

O TD

ro

>

TD c

X) >N

c

(0

U) "O

c

3

C 03

X

c o

B

4J

Xi

01 0">

t-

3 3

pq

S c

<^

3 o

-3

-H

p-» - -^-

3

CJ

c

•H

co -.

O

jd — «

at

at o

cd

CO TD

O «H

a

CO rH -O

iH

u

0)

9

cd

Oh

0) CJ

u

4J CO

hi

X) CO 3

t-l

>t

CO '-f

-a

« 1-1

4J

— u

>%

u

13 -

t-i

— t JJ

i- "-^

CJ

CJ

co a

OJ

>%

CO CU

h

>* OJ

td

01

^H XJ

0)

u >,

u

^-1 o

OJ

X (J

c

(0

t-l ^

B

-o

rH

M

CO

ll u

M

7i

JZ u

•a co

t-l

td u

X-

c at

c *-*

CO OJ

c

£

OJ QJ 4J

c

cd

C

x: u

•o c

CO

OJ

CO

co C

CO

to CJ

t-l

rH TD

B

3

at u

c m

cj a.

o

a. B '*-

0

o

00 0)

-H 3

m

T3

OJ

U 3

en

O l-i

OJ

3

D-

> 0

0 r-

t-. tfl

o

<0

a oj o

u

u

1

•H 0-

o

CO O

ON

O

u

gs

CT*

t-i a. o-

O CO

'J

B

3 1-

O CT.

U* OJ

-J

3 T3 CO

^^

cQ

x: ^

pw

o ^

"

r

TJ

•"*

□a to

^^ '

CU O

v-'

L3

■•-> a.

*^ —

X ^ (0

00 -H CO

H H II U

x: co t- at

*J 3 TD 3

•a

co «*-.

C7>

0

O

E

>.

t-i 01

U

>N

•H TD

at

C *4

B

•H «

C in

— 4-1

3 ^T

i

cd 3

L3 D^

CO 0

%_/ -H

0)

3
C
•H
JJ
(2
O

o

N -

ro to

T3

1* at

C

OO 4-1

CO

<w CO

t-l

X

^ X»

U)

3

0 OJ

M

a

*J 4->

<A

c

to i-

3

3

TD OJ

at >

t-l

u C

1

01

a. -i

1

0

.* o

>*

at -h

rH

u

i- X

<->

0 *J

CO

> c

•H

(A

•h at

u

01

C Xi

1-

£

rt &

ai ■- c at a

0

4-1

B

to

5)

to

U

l-i

X

t-

D

0)

V

N

*-"

c

cd a t-i at o
rH o oo > u

t- C rH u 3

c

X

•H

00

QJ

i-

u

B

B

kl

0

Oj

OJ

4J

•r-i

X

TD

0 ■£>
U -H

™ -a

01 c
Z 01

a.

oi a

oi <

T3
4)

3
C
•H
■U
C

o
o

CO

01
01

a.

3

■a
<

0

-^ O -H

a-

2§

276

■g 15

01

u
o

A

C -H D. »-H

cfl «

f-- 1-

■H

— I

CO

CO

p*. t-l

>*

*J C

CJN OJ

1

CO

c

t7\ OJ

^H £

■^i

tfl -H

~- 4-1 --V

y-i

CO

•H

— c

H DON

J .*

tu 3 r-

_J

-*

c

CO 3

cr

T3

*a

T)

01 0

•H O

- <

u O CTi

*J

§

<

u U

U l-i

4J

•H w --H

i

4->

■H •— '

<u x

X

m -

§~^

01

§~

a u

o

^ ^i

TD

M

U

M

en

X)

t- U

m oi

U

u

u

00

01 00

M

CO O

■Osf Ji

CO

0

T) m

c

d

03 X

B O H

X)

02

s

§2

H

(0 — i (0

Cfl

4-> u

Om

CO

c a

4-1 TD

- |i w

>.

hi

13

- U

CO «

u

01 t-.

£r2~

60

at

U,

£■2

^H

Xi

i- n)

c

ki

m

X)

C OJ

i- •-*

T) C »

(0

■H

Li

-o c

0

3 u

0) rH

•h 3 n

u

M

01

H

•H 3

a

3 *

a. o

(0 O cj\

o

3

0-

o

CO O

c

u

w IX

O w _i

-J

T3

~

CU

O w

3

J3

0)

^ ■-

-a m .-^

00

tfl

•H CO

cfl r*» *0

CO

■O *~v

•H

£

C K

cu a> vo

0)

*o

c m

« x:

i-t 01

u — i o

>s

(0

0

t-l

M

CO -J

3

m

to u

0 CO

a ^

4_>

TD

u

0

• cfl

a\

X) 0

CO 01

•H

•H

ax:

4-> — i

1-1

m

IJ

4J

3

111 H CJ

c

4J

§

CO

OJ ^H

&V.

01

r^

Cfl

(0

T) CO X

■H

u o

c

C^

QJ 0)

o

a> X

■H TD U

QC

u a,

*o 01

c

C 4-i

a

•H CO

? CO 01

CO

CO

c

c

o>

•H 4-1

o

*h n)

•H t-

QJ X

to

>%

0

a, *

cfl C

u

kl

>-H »-.

c cq
oi 8

(fl 3^

(0

s_^ at

O 3

01

Cfl 0)

CO

0) t->

x:

X)

>,

CD

•H

O

c

x: t)

CO

>

^H H --v

bC

^. a

60

^ o

at

3 -a

•H

M

c

CO

<r co

en

CO

ro

i- B

M

*<-> 01

c -a r-

X

0)

cd

P-* u

C ^

m

3

3

A

u

cu C On

3

CO

01

<Jv CO

■H —i

t>

OJ c

>! U

S

o

B

u

^ J

J^ rv

>. r-i

3

•H

H

<0

T) C7*

>.

u

1- 4J

•i-i |* j*

X -

< -H

t-i

.H >.

(0 0

01 OJ

>,

CO

-a

0 w

01

T3 >-*

C

OJ t-

1- c M

to

0)

0)

X) 0)

- 01

4J

X

fl c

■H

a

'- G i-

c

CO

(0

u

k- M

J* *J

C

3

O -H

T3

*a o co

OJ

CO

<J

cd l-i

O -H

3

a.

U> CO

cfl

£3 -H

^ O IX

t-l

CO

01

t-> co

^§

fj

c

pa B

V)

O w w

E

(0

a

*J

•^ 03

w

S3

c

0

ot

0

X

H

o

X

EB

=1

4J

a.

4-1

OJ

c

§

c

o

-o

t-i

i

X)

41

01

c

c

cd

S

o

J-

u

>>

4->

*- '

QJ

>^

at

U

X

c

CO c

CO -H

(J ai

U CO

a to

01

CO

-*

■X)

4J

>,

cn ct>

m

01

at

CO

Uh ■— 1

a»

t-i

4-> U.

X

0)

o

3 OJ

CU >-

M

X

>.

X) T3

M

t-i CU

u

0)

CO

T3

<r-

u

0

0)

•a

OJ

c

tH

c

1- CN

a»

- B

3

t-i OJ

4->

§

cd

tO

OJ &

c

0)

0

CO O

c

o

o

c

3 -

c

C 0

QJ l-i

3

u

01

o

o

c

t-i 4-1

c x:

O

c

cd

^H C

r_i

-Am

o

>

CO

o

CO

>. c/:

i-

cO

■ CO

x: 60

(0

CJ»

>!

cd

o

CO t-l

&£

CU

c -a

m

CN

u

>% co

CO

u

•H C

-a-

OV

c

4-1

o

CO OJ

m

3

CO

tO co

o

•H

CO

xi a.

o>

0) c

s

CO

o

C/l

*H

>>

3

C

^N

S

a

01

60

^-v

>^

4-1

■ * o

u

0

C cn

•-*>>•*

to .-t

01

CO

OJ

tH

•H 01

01

•XD •-*

B

OJ OJ

4-1

M

X

CO

CO

B

i- x:

4-1

X

CO C

t-i

cn oo

c

cd

3

>

cd

01

oi cn

B

3

0 -H

CO -H

3

01

a

u

u

>

4-1 1-1

3

a

£ s

re

tO 03

o

Cu

c

cd

u

3

c to

u

B

(0

aw

*-*

^^

5

•-J

co

T*l

01 S

■^^

E3

C -

01 4-1

01

J* 0>

4-1

CO U

■H

4-1 1-
CO

u

§2

>,oa

o

£

■O X)

CO 4-1

to a

C 0)

T3

c

o u

1m

" 3

H t-i

crj

t?u

m 01

cfl 0-

T3 0)

U w

0

■H C

CO

4-1

M

r*-

a

B

CO

T3

o

«

■H

*-l

<

_4

01 -4

>s cn

4J cn t-i

•H CO OJ

c a. 4-i

•H C

W - 3

to cn u

cn >, w

CO

x: xi '-

oo o>

X)

•H Im CN

3

x: ai cjn

a

3 —

c

C 0

-0

•H r-H C

0

u

>> •" cn

01

i-h in i-i
C co (0

c
c

T3

•H ai 01

o

ai

CO I- tx

u

3
C

S flw

**"*

•H
4J

c

o

o

u

B

ai c

3 O

a> ft

u •

o vO

« X

OJ T3

<U C

3 S
O 1^

at m

T3

111

3

a

•H

C
o
u

ro

•H

C
OJ

a
a

<

-j
3

3

00

§

o

3 1

277

01

B
0

C
5

Z

01 >*'

■H U -

JS

>s 00 OJ

■-I c c

^ -H C

co t- o

■H O.U

U «'-'

a)

a. s^^

CO r- 1 <T

at u r~*

CO CX>

• at ~*

u

C - X

S 1- o

— 1

TJ QJ X

X

C 4-t t-

3

3 C CD

a

S*S

B

Z3

CO 00 OJ

"- c c

U J-i 4-» .-I

ca <u aj <-*

O m !

B I- ft. *o OJ

•* a o> f-i c

4-1 co ft- - cO C

c ^ HO o

cO X -»-t O

T> 00 y-. Q. - w

C 3-J fl ill

3 O r- w C -n

X t-i ON CO -H — <

fd £ -i J J! N

4-i -0 0^

>. X - < — • •

— I 00 O *J •-<

•H C X Of - 0J X

(D -H U U jrf 4J 3

u u ti u u f> o.

O D. H CD O X C

-j in ^ m s: 3 ^

CA 4J ,H *

CD —
CJ -H

3S

c

T-I

s.s

0

fru

4

h

ft,

•o at

rH 0)

•^ c

CO

CD ft*

« c

*T3 ^

01

e> o

X

•H

o

00

4J •— v

a

■H

-J-

nj

CO

X

^ r-

4-1

c /-*

(D on

(D

■H — <

C

QJ ~H

►J

.* r»

•H

C

13 (3n

X

< —

r-H

>.

•• o

X

CO X

01

» aj

3

c

CD l-i

fc

J! u

a

■H

01 CD

U -H

c

£

U H

TO

££

3

(D •*-'

CO

w

TJ

.

0)

c

CD

01

C

0)

•H

0

>.

M

a

u

o

■a

1

4J

4J

o-

id

CO

r- u

4-t

CD t-

(0

H-l

M

3

U •

tn

u

c

CJN OJ

at oj

OJ

ao

1

01

,o

c

OJ rH

.- tu

td

-^ *J

&g

o

m

Oj

m

c

f4 /-v

*J X

0) TJ

►j

M

c

oo

0)

■H

ON

OJ

-o

>T

c

B

V

-H -*

C 3

C -H

TJ

OJ 3

m

c

to o

c

u

c

•H

a-

0

U

0

B

CD r^

3 D.

•H 3

<

u O

ON

*H

OJ u

S

■H

■H

S

u

CO

ifl

•H

CO ej\

O C

.H

j-i

■H >-*

■^

TJ >_-

§

c

c

rH

c

M

01

w Z3

(0 •-

EU

§^

•H

o

o

CD

M

o

0.

TO

X

x n

u

M

u

x

3 ^

•*— i

*J

n

-C

M

0)

4-1

-o

X!

00 X

y-N U.

&s

U

u

-J

0)

E

<T

^

M

>

Of

u

cc

M

B

B

>s

■H O

in oj

CD

o

•O r^

-• r*.

CO

c

01

l-l

u

c

[*1

c

<

OJ

M

X X

<T C

3 CD

ffl

£

§2

c

3

l-i On

TO

ca

TJ

-J

TO

a

ON

(D

>

3

tH

ON C

QJ 3

13

01

QJ -H

c

0)

3

o

5

0)

C CD

— o

X

O

J-I

CL<

£

Q.

01

■»-)

■H H

u

>* tn

U

TJ

• X

On

CD X

>»

LTj

M

l-l

>^

IJ "-^

•-* OJ

a>

k

£-5

iH

3 O

01

cu

TJ

01

r- 1

OJ

c

— i

Ps

QJ

TJ u

u

(D

J3

T3

JZ X

X

<D

OJ

TJ

V-

TO

4-1

Xi

CQ

X

TJ

■H CO

4-t *-s

CD '*h

u

— t

T3 V-

m

3

(0

CO u

3

E

M

TO

C4-t

a)

c

3

£

DO

r^

TO

C «

C 00

o

0)

■H CD

■*

a

o

QJ CD

0,

o

O

M

3

a

<4-l

in

O

t4 0)

3 r-\

u o

a.

O

CD H

ON

c

u

U H

c

TO

s:

u

o

a o

c

CD

*4-l

ON

u

CD k-
B CD

O CJN

03 *J

w

ft,

O --'

"-<

r^

CQ

U-l » —

3

iH

CO

CQ

u

CO

*-■'

Lj

►J

o

— i

X

>^- — .

*j qj CL - — ■

B

CO 4-1

B

ON

01

— 1

CO TO

■Hi

4J

X

D. -J

J^

B

3

CD

t:

OJ

3

—

CO

<

4->

U

c

>> 4-1

UJ

X

CD OJ

i

00 X u

^

t-l

U

CJ

un

OJ

X

C CO

O

TJ

^r

1

<y ca

T.

C

ON

B

o.

(0

Q

o -

u

u

~j

l-t

>N

■- QJ

t-i

>»

0)

CO t-t

it

u

4-1

B

TO u

-J

B

00

OJ QJ

3

n

1

i- Cu

O

CD

O

ON

(0 '-^

ft,

O

* —

—

a

c

•H O

o

3

o

O

rn

QJ

tn

I-

0

JD

X

= 2

CO

>:

u

fH

n

T3

ai

C

Z

OJ

01

a

0)

<

c^

*— '

CD

-3

0/

C

Z

OJ

p.

OJ

RL

01

<

lo

^-*

c
o
u

ro

CO

X

•H

M

T3

OJ

CO

on

X

a

UJ Ul

TO

C/l

< X

k<H

a to

u

H4 H-l

Ul

Dm U.

J

4-1

ft, u

i-

B

£§

OJ

CO

4-1

ft. ft.

a

4-1

U CO

TJ

<

0-

0

J

4-t

t-l

0)

CD

6

►J UJ -H

2

278

u 8

-as

O 1-1

01

a
o

z

s

o
z

41

§

z

5 3

■a.

XI

(0 ON

c *£■

HI •

01

M

nj cr«

C «

c

O

O — •

■H (U

•H

•H JZ

JZ

.* c

(0 u

CO

03

to

co 0

XT u

3

X> ^v

A

0J

Cfl CO

X)

C -o

o

3 C*

>.

V-.

0) 3

3

>»

CX \£)

Ij

4h

1- CO

Q.

3

"3

C 0\

3

<d Q

C

0) c

X>

S -H

OJ

c

3

■H

■H

x:

>,

M G

>.

CO [0

t-i

^H >>

U)

01 o

>,

•H 11

01

T3 rH

H

c co

X)

■-H

.* XI

c

fl C

CO

C 3

(d

c

u u

c

O «H

§

0 (4

o

ra *j

o

£ 1

U Q

M

<0

U -H

u

CJ

•w v^

ca

@

X) TD

•H O >,

> cy> ,

rH 0 *J CO — - •

CO -W ^H ,-H

x: c c co c xi

>, -r4 -M C O O

u rt c^ (o a

3 >^ (0 U 3 C

oi «-h « to ^

C * Q

>s -h x: « *— ' i»

pH CO 00 01 Oi

■d a *h x: co c

eo j: uo c

o *-» 4-» c o

*■* 3 O -H O U

PQ Xt *J T3 D. •—'

-a

3
C
•H
•U

c
o
a

3 S

o ^

(U U rH

M

CO

X

hi-

•H

ed

•d

0)

C

z

0)

01

a

01

<

en

"— '

Efl

X

^

rH

CO

-a

01

C

z

ai

a.

0)

a

0)

<

en

o j= ai u

a)

1

4-)
C

o
u

vO

*

X
•H

C

O
CO

33

l-l W t-1

as cq

8S

279

II

0 u

1 9

o *-»

C I-

o o

u a

w S1

e
o
z

c
o

z

OJ

g

z

c
o

z

CD

c

c
z

01

c

^ c

M

-1 O

ai

•H U

00 c

CO w

B C

c

•H O

o w

14 U

•H .H

3 ^

in 3

s

XJ

>s cfl o •

.H CJ X>

ID 01 T) 3

U Q. <-4 Q.

0 01 O C

J II UD

to _* a

a a c

c u c cr> to

§4-1 -i-t «H * CSI

01 •£ TJ H fs

TJ U J! 5 Xl ON

C I- U - 3 — •

3 co o xi oi o.

X CQ £ c x) £ C

ro co e .3 at

* - O S

>> u T3 - D~ 1-4 cfl

<H 01 M >s at CO

H l- cfl t- x. C X>

O H-O ID C 3

u at »h -h u o oi

o o- o « « u a:

c a>
o c

•H C

c

.-I 01

>. at 3

at co c

> U =3

u

X 3

ON

u

3

*-> O

nO

3

X)

C cfl

^

a*

^

>^

J3

at

M

^

,_3

•H X.

c

X)

X"

t->

at

x»

Xi

0)

r- ]

o

3

at

c

0)

C 3

-o

01

o

^

C 3

at c 3

c

C

cfl -

Ul

a

B

o

c

O O.

G

4J

3

o a

C 0 D.

o

•l-(

10 CO

3

c

oi ^

■H

</) C

•O CO

(A c

-H 01 c

■H

,— <l

^

id

p

H

3 •

<— <j

3 3

4J

u o

*— s

73

-c

•>

3 =>

-I 3 =>

U

cfl

X CO

a

CO

CO -H

CO

CO

at

CO

til

0)

CO

CO CO

3

X

00 J3

^

^

Q XI

X

Q l-

u

SI

01

CO

Q (-■

sz a u

cfl

X

>>

■H

01

>.

w 3

>.

s^ at

u

<-! 01

ON

>>

i-

at

N-' 0)

>»•— ' ot

u

■.H

M

X C

(0

C

M

D.

u

c

H3

o c

U

MH

u

c

t c

0

u

3

0)

at

c

3

T3 C

3

-o c

A

a. i-t

3

a)

-a c

3 XI C

J

1-1

at

c a

■s

0

at

CO 3

at

CO O

M

at

at

c

CO O

01 CO 0

HI

i-l o

u

at

Ot u

- 73

*-»

■H

^:

at u

at o

•H

>N

rH

>»

1-t U

>n

I-I W

t-l

at <

•H

>*

CO

-U s-'

>>!-!'-'

a

^ ■*

a. at

a.

■V

g

>.

a

^h a.

XI

«-H 01

X

XI

(A C

x)

oi -~-.

U

o. -

-o

^

w *->

T3 « .^

(0

C cfl

01

ON

CO

at c

CO

at on

i-

co j»:

3

C

u

Ot (T«

CO HJ ON

o

■h at

U

nO

o

XJ O

O

X) \0

01

*J u

x>

o

■<H

(0

T3 vO

O TJ v£>

u

co u

B cfl

co

o>

u

•h u

J-

t-) O

CL

CO 0

5

H

CT3

t-c

-ft ON

■VJ TH ON

aq

a

PQ

3 ^

0Q

3 -i

■N-^

J X

a

X

3

Xi

3 —

CO 3 —

4-1

>.

u

>>

3

3

4-1

c

Xt O

c

1

X

•l-i

O l-

u

at

B

•H d)

1

00 ON

•H

4-1 C

at at

at

-c

at

>«

at

CO C

c *->

>

ON

c

c

CO

4-1 O

•H CO

C

0)

at u

•H ti

01

x:

-H

C •

oo^-

co at

OJ

4J

c

co

a

O =-(

CO

X

at

x: tj

•H

O

X

X

fi XI

X

Oi

> ^~.

^e

3

n

J

.X

u 3

>s

■H

ON

3

CL

<V4

<0 CX

3

X

t-> X:

3

c

XJ

CO

c

3

-a

i-» C

M

CO ON

at c

•H

at

a

3

0)

(0

01 3

OJ

c

01 — .

•H

•u

01

00

•H

a

x»

>»

CO

CO

M

>N

l-i

01 t-

>,

c

<-H >.

CO

c

Ot

Q.

> 01

Ps

•* o

0)

3

■O ■-!

U

0

c

XI

CO

c

X)

01 01

XI

CO C

X

o

•H

c

a

at

l- c

CO

c

CO 3

3

O -H

00

CO

4->

o

o

XJ

CO O

O

at co

O.

•H

t-> (0

iH

CO

fO

u

u

•H

0) C_)

M

cfl

l-i Q

c

CO S

X

CO

4-1

w

x

3

c ^

aa

a

ffl -—

3

O

U

3 s

O c*l

a
a
<

3 S

■i h

OJ C
Z CD

a
ai a.

a, <

OJ 4-1

,-n

XJ 4J

«

U C

01 XJ o

OJ c

CO XJ

a. at

at c no

l-i 0)

Ot c

Xt

*-) CO On

O-Xt

4-1 CO

ot c J- i-i

u o x at p

o a> oo ti

> i- *-i c 3

•^ HI |4 rl£

En a Mt

cfl > (X O

(0 l-i c w o

O CiO-H "-J

O Xi 01 C

at oo i-i

n « e 3

at i-i -h x<

n at t-i xi

CO > O. o

u c cyi o

M-HnvS

0)

•H
4J

o
u

OJ

a

9

13

CO

n

X
•H

g

J3
O
0(

o

-D

s

280

■a §

fl) (A
> -H

> • O

T-t JZ

c

•H fl OJ
SMC

r-i cu

II

j: a
a c

••> rH QJ

4J 9 C

d ra c
ra I- o

T> 4J U

§ *~

X> J3 0)

" ca

>> at h

■H .*

01 ra T3

tJ *J C

ra ra

<-H

u c

XI

01 01 Jrf

3

•a u o

a

O M-i o

c

£ O £

p

c

u c

c

— a ■*

■4-1 -H

-H t-i

^ OJ u M

O U

t-

u at

C -* 3 '11
CO (5 13 d

•a u 2

3

QJ

a c

•- -a

c

(A c

u

c

u

o

c - o
3 c a u

c3 cu

a
u

c
ra

at u

4-1 » —

XI CD iH ^

■a c

T3

ra

n u 3

S^!

C

•H ^

<m ig n

CO

3

at

>-0 l<£

XI CA

x:

X>

>> §

•H 4J 4J

CD

u

ra

at • c

c

c

u >* • 0

>> -H

0

>>

ra in •

« ^H w B

~H

^H

0

1- rH 0)

aj d c p

T3 CJ -H C

XI

■H C

Xi

U >, X)

3

cu at

g

3

ra

0t r-1 3

a

O J»i

a.

o

a t- a.

o o cu co

B

0 ffl

ra

d

0

'/i ra c

IH « J

s

rJ U

3

o

hJ

4) 01 5

at at a*

■a

>, «J *H -~- — '

3

w a pi ■»•-<

a ^

■h ra ra en r- u

?s a*

c a. *J C <7> <u

CHvO

•h ra -h — < 4J

■H i— 1 CT\

H »,J^ C

ra h

raw T) 01 3

00 C

c G c

<n >-, * < *j o

ra <j -h *-'

•H 3 0

x: xi oi -j=
oo M .* 5 >~*

3 u w

0 u 3

■h i-i m o m

COb CO

JC

at

ra

o

TJ O-

3

cQ

X

C 0>

a

o

ra -*

■H

H

4-1

■a

* u

JS

at

h

>> at

(0

tj

ra

V-. 4J

e

ra

>-

<-H

■a c

■H

<u

at

-H

■H 3

i-i a, o ra o

a. - -<

ra in r-

t-c

*-» d ct>

at

ra -h —

4J

J ^

d

T3 01

3

•*<;*_»

O

>*

4-1 -H

oi - x:

^^

d

I-. u

in

0J

ra o -o

**■

pq S d

a>

OJ

ra

— i

x> oi .u, >s at

(4 h q u u

at at <-( -h 3

at a. o ra u

to ^ fu O '-^

a - —i

rt tn r*. u

4J d a> at

ra -h — « *-»

*i M d

*o 0) 3

*< yo

o *o <r

X C ON

ra — •

ra u ra i-« aj

hH T) C

at at .h -h 3

at a, o < o

a * — «
ra Ui r*~

i *-■ >. *J

o *-> *o * t->

xi at i* >, at

ra i-. ra i-c u

0) 0" -H -H 3

at o- o ra o

w ^- a, o -— '

T3

0)

3
C
•H

C

o
o

u d

-H O

x: -h
a. u

3 0

O v£>

■S M

01 c
Z 11

a
cu a
oj <

&

ET

4-1

4J

d

d

at

01

<4-t """^

H-l '-*•

^ C"

tH ^~»

= s

3 O

o t^

o <^>

at r^

at f>

I- •

i- .

O ^O

o ^o

x:

X

en x

tn x

M -H

t-i -H

ra T3

ra id

0J c

oi d

z 01

z at

a

a

at a.

at a

at <

at <

w *--

to ^-^

XI

3

•H
4-1

c

3

S

a,

5 "

UJ

<

a

X

i-i

in

UJ

H

H

u.

is

o
5

e

281

i g

c

0

z

c
o
z

e
o
z

c

c
>* c

>. n

» *

^H 0)

•O 4J Jd

rH C

rH 0t U

(0 c

• * o »-• o

c o

4-t U 1- £ 13 L<

o u

C fl C U

-H *— '

01

-ac^ c

to co

C -H * l-i - O

U -H

3 U 4-1 fl) >-. O

O 3

.Q 3 (U iH 1-t ^— '

0 CO

n -o ^ h -a

U

t-i O -H --^

■- u

H HO. O r-

01

frji

u ^ at » ^ •

(13 -H Ul -H 0) >-H

v- ox o. c at x

■i 5; J ID 'H u D

■a a c tJ Ji -H d.

O 01 O "3 TJ X C

£ at S J < 5 =>

O 3 M

co at

■ - u c

V u C

co ffi

a. - — i

" en r^

C as

>-* -a at

c

UJ -

£

— i

>, U J*

'J

X

■13

r-4 U U

a

6

t- eg o

w o3 £

■a

a.
C

01

3

4J

c

- 4J TJ

l-t

X

I- 0 :~-

Ps

0»

-a

at J-i to

L.

c

§

•o

c

1 at ^h

0

Xi

9 a. o

a)

'J

4

0) ^ cu

O

■^

c

M

u

3

4->

0

01

£ -tJ Li

c

u

u

C Oi

9

01

!h

,"g

T)

(0

c

03

L. » 0

3

3

to >. u

X

Ul

,-| L, w

(9

4J

iH TJ

4>

01

O -H ^-v

^

4-1

u

0- CO — •

Pd

L-i

O r^

at

0)

OT» *-N

«->

a.

4) » -« .

01

>»

■H CO <H

m

a C ii x

at

C

—

lH rl U 3

O ffl fl fl T5 £

X i ^ J < 5 :

to o. * — •

>N

a

u

c

o> at

>»

0)

l- 0

4-1

id

■H

— t w

*J -~v

T3

>- £

-H

J

^

c

•h m

CO

c

e

to

T>

01 3

c <r

3

CO *

0

-H

>>

<

U O

■H o>

X

•o

rH

(0

4J

rH — <

oo

* u

4-»

CO

-O

at

s«

CO

•H

01

*-> co

3

01

Li

M

en u

CT>

X

rt

0) .-1

a)

X

u

u

U

m

at

-n

41

U r-t

u

x

at

<v

o

-o <t

x: 4-»

<?\

o

h

u o

o

u

00

3

m

i:

§2

oo c

4J

cd

OJ Cm

ij

4-1

-H

3

•H 3

&

0)

x

X O

01

0)

>*

■H

t-l

T3

- 1-

C

4-1

u

at

Q

>>

at

M

£-2

^

•H

03

•H

TJ -H

•-1

Ul

u

CO

^H 01

Xj

U

C

co a

c

(0

u

T) C

C CO

X

01

at co

0)

at

^H

•H 3

•h at

O

T3

rH

^ 4J

rO

u

c~

0

CO O

S !:

as

0

CO

a co

X

CO

v-y

a.

o ^

%-'

£

Ul

CO J

4-» CO >> O

— 1 CO

oi r- k-i

4-1 c o\ at

0) -rH -^ 4-1

l-< J«! C

at - < u o

• Pl, ai -H >-'

i ^^ -h - x:
i aj!3^

i to CO y U"t

i at 4-i o -a -j'

i to co £ c a->

« j to — »
% to

i a «o - i-«

I *-» i- >. w

► oj « i- u/-.

01 M H -O C CO

>» l-i rH -H D fn

CO CO O CO O o>

JD CQ CU O ^-' — •

H

CO

H3

c

H

CU

5

CD

au

Ul

a

>^

o

X

en

H

OO X

CN

X

t-i

o%

OJ

m

o

J

4J

o

as

a at co "4-i a
■s u 3 o c

J CO ^ X 3

CO ul r^ t-i

« c cii m •«

CO ft — » 4-> "4-1

-J j«: co

■o m 3X

- < t-> o

(0 O TJ >r a

as c as a

to — • o <-■»

» * E-. cm

i 4J xJ * t- •*-' r~-

i oi im >> at c^

, |M (0 t- *J ^-^ — *

' l-i i~t T) C CO

I 01 H 'H 3 n •

a. o to cj as im

i v-- a, o •— ' — < -)

a

a.

•

— 1

CO.

CO

Ul

r^«

Li

at

4J

c

as

01

-a

CO

U

i-*

~

J£

C

3

^

3

01

4J

3

H

to

(0

0)

^

fi

^^

0)

Im

u

u-1

IM

^3

o

TJ

-tf

(0

XI

£

C
(0

as

>^

4-1

-a

u

01

Li

>*

u

c

u

-.

Li

4-1

u

-o

B

X

01

■H

3

CI

(0

a.

o

CO

O

9\

/i

*— '

PL*

c3

s-*

-^

4-1

c

a 4J
o to

L- r-t

O Jj,

n

X

Wi

•H

«

TJ

HI

C

z

u

«)

a

<u

<

en

~~*

-1 *— '

XI

<D

C
•H

c
o
u

tj
c

3

00

B
3

T3
C
0)
P.

i-t CO

-J o
O PS

a: 2
H vi

282

»

c
o
z

B
o
Z

«

>n o o.

C

'HOC

o

rtiD

CO

10

CO

B - u

01 01

o en <y

in o

•H rH g

c

co 3 5

•O CO

CO CO Q

(J hO

C TJ

CO C

u u^

3

o

23

>, 4)

-J C

V -rl

u

CO C rH

CO

U CD

rH

CO J^ 73

0)

a co c

OS

W *J CO

T) rH

C co

3 iu

•H CJ\

M rH

e a

n c

• 01 3

U J}

a. 3
co a

o

- 3
U

it) 01

"2 c

3 g

>.

oi 73 c

rH

I* l-l * O

c

U CO f^ u

0) <-H k '-'

•H

1

0- rH -O

>w O -H r-N

0- cfl -— -

*

00 U r--

u

C - ON

§

•H g) - _ <

M -H CO

•a

Q. D. C OI

X)

E

(A (U <H <W

3

3

4-1 ^ -H

a

5

C <D "a j:

•H rJ "< 5

c

c

QJ

O

•H

M

*:

T3 »-.

U

C 0)

co

<0

ttj

(9 <u

r*>

CO

OS

T3

C

eyi

M

* 3

JZ

<*>

tfl

>>o

00

r-, W

M

0)

TJ

0J

.c

M

o

•H r-V

4-1

b

Cu

(3 r-H

c

e

QJ

O r-

3

■H

a.

on

O

a.

>*

•H

CO

to

a

c 01

c

03

CD

•H 4J

m

•H

0)

u

^ -H

-J-

ai ^

••>

U

j*

m

c

C 00

>.

<U

T3

cu

-j

o

•H -H

w

r-.

" <

J-l

on

u

rH X

■H

tx

01

«

c

a>

§

-C c

•H

Q-,

a.*

V-

/-N

>>-H

tO o

CU

CO

M

ra

<U o

-o

u

*■*>

3 >.

01

-o

CO rE

c

c

o-.

0. H

ra

J

<0

3

C

0)

0-

o

5»N TH

*-»

Vj

- T3

--.

fh ra

a]

a

4J t-

I*

ai

<W CO i-t CO 0J i«-(
01 (0 -H -h y iw

0) 3 x: -O J ^I

C Xi W -H

0) 3 33 >-.

5 -

■a q h n

CO HI II U H T3 - <CD

OAJT3T3 l-i,Hj*Hr^ 3 O.
U30-HtOOrdCT\Od

J= 0) to S-n »-. j«i

>■ trJ i-H i-l r- O

rs.

01

u

O. rJ

tfl 0)

■ at *-> r— ^

T3 c -x>

•H 3 *£>

3 O O --v

>. <u in oi 3

<U t-t -H

o *o w c

to

O

T3 <f O.N^ -

u

u <t -a

a.

PQ

IT

c as a

3

tO ON >-l

c

co — " o r-N

0)

3 rl O

^j

H CN

JC z

*J

T3

* M s-Tn

Ps

to >-. -—•

M

0)

M

>. ai a*

rH

01 01

01

1-

ra

X)

X)

h U/-v

1

M

•o C CO

a

to

U CCO

0)

H

•H 3 rt .

a

o

3 rn

o

Q»

O

tO O Ov t-

c

1-1

O O ON

U

"— '

a-

O ^»-< t-i

rD

PQ

U1 — -x

N>--*

•h *j a. * <

rH VI U

co x QJ 01 •>

x: 00 T3 ^ J»!

>> -H -H »-. O

u J= 3 to O

3 ffl Z

o> c •*

■H >s * «

>, <U UT3

rH >, «H (J. r-(

"OH C r- «

CO C "H l-l rH

O HH (UH

l-i ffl to 0- o

ON 01 rH

- U-3

C 3

u 3 a

4J U C

m oi

c on 2

to — • o

T> C 00
■h 3 m
tO O on

T3

<u

d
c

•H

o
o

c

CO T3
01 B

XI

0)
3
C

•H
4J

c
o
u

en

-a
c
a)

D-
CX
<

•a

u
o

•a

§

§

•o

M

0

1

CO

3

u

V

01

•o

c

u

3

0)

o

-J

0

rH

£

Cn

u

CO

OJ

B

u

3

rH

ij

U

<

u

u

01

Q

ra

BO

0J

£

l-H

Cfl

o»

>.

X.

4J

w

UJ

c

Si

rH

3

-J

-J

•H

u

•H

0

o

o

rH

j:

O

tn

■^

Efl

a

GQ

■H

>H

3

3

i

■H

M

1

fl

D.

u.

<

3

-1

B

u

O

< w

H

Q U

OJ

rH X

CO

.*

crt C/l

3

0)

283

a

a

-§

r-l

a

n

c

c

3

o

(fi

M

a

01

en o

§

c

•O 01

8

C T3

V^

« C

3

01

11 -a

M

? <

n

■H (OWN

3 •» ffl -H ^

•O r- J ji

Q. 4J -H •

ai x ai * -c <-h

u o ^i?£

x xi i-i y 3

0) u to o *o o.

(d 03 E c c

flj I- I. '- >■ U

t3 v t-i n u c

C *-» M <-t T3 C

3 C JJH-H O

XI -H ft- O (13 U

< s w a, o ^

>N 0>

c

o.^h

4J — *

•■ ■ «H

ax

01 W 4J j£

m

•H 3

c

c 0>

4J 01 01 *c

01 -T

x: a

0

•H ft ^-*

CO -H U »■<

u <Jn

V5 c

■H

f-i ID 4) •

M U M Ql

^ »

u

fl »1 MH

0) -H 0) tH -

£ u

^H 3

c/) nj o x»

T3 C ft- O. J*

,-v i->

a .n

a> 3

o -h *-- nj o

01

CO 01

a -h

x a

0H *J O

T3 *J

« c

an

MH13 C

10 T3 fll £

c c

<J\ p

•H (0 C O

C W fl J

(0 3

— 0

to

X T3 n)

■H 01

O

o

•H

•H U

XI ti * T3

1-. w

Q

>» 4-» >n 01

>, oo a *-- i-

>N

OJ

c u u 2

1-4 >h a o» cd

U >— .

4-1 ^s

c x; o> m ^h

•a -h

c <r

■H ffl 01 0

•H T3 l-H

•H f-*

3 r--

ffl 01 (O u

(0 o -h fl o

£ 4.1 3 03 CU

ftl O

O ON

O -<

w —

•H O

a u
o «

<D
T3

3

rH

O

e
o
u

•H (fl

-J •*

•a

c

<U

a,

U 3

H a.

284

Appendix 6.3(37). Dune stabilization practices.

Vegetation stabilizes dunes both internally by means of an extensive
root system and externally by covering the surface material and trapping
new material. Few plant species are able to survive in the harsh beach
environment. To be successful, the species must be adaptable to abrasive
and accumulating sand, exposure to full sunlight, high surface temperature,
occasional inundation by salt water, salt spray, and drought. The plants
that do survive are long-lived rhizomatous or stoloniferous perennials with
extensive root systems, stems capable of rapid upward growth through ac-
cumulating sand, and tolerance of salt spray (Coastal Engineering Research
Center 1973). In the Chenier Plain the panic beach grasses (Panioum amarum)
and marsh grasses such as saltmeadow cordgrass and salt grass commonly in-
vade the dunes.

Beach and dune management with vegetation is common in areas with sig-
nificant dune structure. It can be divided into two parts: (1) stabiliza-
tion and maintenance of naturally occurring dunes and (2) creation and sta-
bilization of protective dunes where they are presently non-existent. The
creation of stabilized dunes by vegetation is preferable to using mechani-
cal structures.

Transplanting techniques are well developed and recomended for areas
adjacent to the beach berm and for critical areas — sites subject to erosion
(Coastal Engineering Research Center 1973). The vulnerability of a site
to erosion determines the transplant spacing and culm number. The more
vulnerable the area, the greater the number of culms per transplant and
the closer the spacing required to insure successful stabilization. If a
dense first year growth is desired, the transplant spacing should be less
than 13 inches. Transplants on flat to moderate slopes may be accomplished
by mechanical transplanters on a tractor, while steeper or irregular slopes
must be planted by hand.

Plant spacing and sand movement must be considered in determining the
overall dune morphology. If the plant spacing is dense and there is only
a small amount of sand moved for trapping, the bulk of the sand will be
contained along the seaward edge of the dune and a narrow-based dune is
formed. If the plant spacing along the seaward edge is less dense given
similar conditions of sand movement, the result will be a wider based dune.
However, it should be recognized that the effectiveness of less dense plant
spacing along the seaward edge of the dune is limited by the rate of plant
growth. An additional factor is wind direction. In the case of onshore
winds, the seaward edge of the dune traps nearly all of the beach sand.
Offshore winds blowing over unvegetated areas landward of the dunes result
in materials being trapped at the landward edge of the dune. The annual
trapping capacity of panic grasses and sea oats is between 1 and 3 yd^ per
linear foot of beach, possibly exceeding this rate in some cases. It is

285

suggested (Coastal Engineering Research Center 1973) that dune growth in
most areas is limited by the amount of sand transported off the beach by
wind and waves rather than by the trapping capacity of the vegetation.
Nonetheless, the vegetation is necessary to stabilize and maintain the dune.

Seeding is practical only when protection from drying and eroding winds
can be provided by mulching or frequent irrigation, and is therefore not
applicable to most beach areas (Coastal Engineering Research Center 1973).
Beach grass seeds are not available from commercial sources and must be har-
vested from wild plants. Additions of nutrients to beach sands for plant
establishment and maximum growth is essential (Gulf University Research
Consortium 1972).

Loss of vegetation is due to overgrazing, man's destructive influence
(e.g., dune buggies, construction), fire and storm surges. Successful dune
construction appears to require total grazing restriction. Pathways to get
to beaches trample vegetation. The loss of vegetation for whatever reason
causes "blowouts", areas which have succumbed to the erosive effects of
marine influences. Dunes are a low cost method of shore protection — their
existence largely depends on the stabilizing and maintenance functions of
vegetation.

286

00

CO

en

i-l -v

Bl « -

: z -—

c

•H

rt

i-H
ft

0)
•H
C
0)
J3
U

0)
,13

01

i

U

j

0

* —

►J

C

.

3

4-1

0

O

M

1

o

1

b

U

01

01

3

3

o

O

•H

«
33

.e
o
cfl
a)
pq

0)

4J

CD
CU
4J
Cfl

CU

J-J
)-l
CU

>

cu
>

•H

nj ^

CO (N

N fN

u o*

-H t^

U — t

* u

* 4J

to c

(0 c

4-1 01

OO U

U CQ

O tX

01 w

XI

cu

3
C
•H
•U

C

o
a

•

c

(0

IB

u

0)

a

H

■a

01

"3

1

■H

0

U-l

«

»

m

CO

0)

— 1

u

a

,-H

n

1

(0

a

U

01

CQ

H

U

■a

c

c
cu
w

CU

u
ft

CU
B3

■H

- (N

-C Ov

n

CO — •

>.T3

--H I*

<4-l 4J

■u eg

^ c

CO N

CT) 0)

2 ,H

iU CQ

cs

CU

ft
ft

<

- _■ ■— .

287

3 • r»

co eg — <

■h -o

J 3
< ^

3 • r-

Huff
CO CO —

; z --

3

0

3
O

G
Z

(a
9)

a

B

~*

r^

• •>

cr-

oc

3

>>

<

M

1

01

3

-a

0

QJ

J

Ck

"^

o •

a u

BB

y-^

C

-£>

>»

CT»

(0

bfl

4-1

OC

C

<V

<u

XI

0)
3
C
•H

c

QJ

c
o

a

0

<c

>

CM

3

— <

C3

aj

C

_n

OJ

■s.

PQ

CJ T3

00

01

CO C

o

en

*J (0

u

c

00

IM

•rH ,-v

3 (0

CO

1- OC

?Nv£>

U OC

a

rH O*

0>

oi

*J — <

.-H

(0

U) -

o

O 4-1

4-1 CO

a

S C

CJ T3

0> M <-»

(0 4 CO

C N m

4J a>

V) w

2 c

8^ 8*5

00 CM

t:

1-

iH

01

c

4J

aj

c

s^

3

00

o
u

00
CO

a
a

o
J5

•a

c
a)

— T3

nj a)

»-. --I

288

.— ( 4J OS

03 ft) — '

r z ^

•H T3

-J 3

o

O

r w

= in

t-i

u

CO •

w •

•h -a

■H TJ

J 3

J 3

<

,— s

< ^

0)

vO

01 so

3 •

r-*

3 • r-

t-H 4-1

on

i-H 4-1 OS

03 CQ

CQ fl] ■-<

r z

*-"

= z •—

s

o

13

3
C

o
u

o w

00 -H

a

9

u

B

-— v

a

u

CO

9

on

01

c

TJ

•H

id

4J

-

C

3

c

01

c

OJ

32

Xl

E

"— '

5

01

Ed

CO

tJ

(h

41

■a

(fl

X

01

-a

a

u

u

o

c

■H

So

•H

X)

3

ac

u

1

C

01

c

o

^

0)

CO

u

o «

CO
tfl O

01

&■* CM

01

1/N ON

CO

m <-<

+j

• C

u

CO 0)

c

4-1 03

« —V

(J v-^

w r-

01

a cm

(0 CO

OS

C 4-1

fi^ ~H

•H C

T-t »

XI to

* en

CO OS

1-S5

B co

c

id *-.

•H -H

*H U

>s CU

C 4-< CO

« B

r-t Ji

•H 4J

<Q 4J

w U

*-» C

Ps C

CO *H

a oi

^? G nj

&^S TJ

1-9

01 03

OS -H f-H

u-1 C

U Sw-

os 4-» a.

*£> fl)

00 OJ
• CD

at o*

to (SI
C <T>

T3

a)

3
C
•H
4J
C

o
a

ey

U ^v

O '-'

O CM

01 X

3

3 a»

CO CO

CO

C -H

0) .H

Oi

•H "4-(

c g

C +j

00

CO

vO

-3
0
a)
&

<3

a)

CO

c

3

fl

4-1

h

u

u

§

01

rH

•H

>

fl)

•H

M

H

o

■H

4J

3s

4-1

fl)

<— 1

c

<u

CO

Q

01

^H

a

o

0)

cd

o

•H

CO

>

TJ

0

E

■o

tH

0

01

nj

>

OJ

01

•H

—I

.*

u

a)

(0

4J

3

a

289

3

O
-J

>

a

7.

I

u

2.

I

U

5

c

pq

ft

r-J

c/i

Oi

^

n

3

u

i-H

c

H

QJ

Q

CQ

t-

^

T3

DO

* r*»

u

<U

01 CM

C

0)

C CT

a

CO

co

to — <

„

1

0>

CJ 4J

&

CA

O

cfl C

U-.

^

3

*-» (U

0

n

(0 03

D

01

3 w

Cfl

H

c

V-

01

p— i

•H

y w

(J

0 ^

M

■o

n)

E i^

3

— i Q>

M

XI
QJ

3
CI

XI
0)

3

c

C

o
u

en

o-

.*

(A

a

4-1

H

B

H

OJ

Q

pq

i

^

-H

_i

•H

(0

•H

t-

to

QJ

CO T)

o

01

01

01 CO

QJ

i-H

X) <u

s

* co

u

JZ

CO

§

CO 0>

tfl w-

CO

*J »

C

1- w

H

DO

4-1

O (A

(0

u

H

00 10

CO

JJ

1

<D *->

D

TJ (J

.H CA

C

t-

C 01

CO

to

— 4-1

DQ

X CO

u

CO (0

Bp

g

1 §

CO r-i

c

•h a.

"O

r*.

a -h

0 CN

o

CO u

CO

IH

c

CN

B

3 CTN

3

c

o

CJ

.» OJ

• u

CO 03

CO 01

U w

4-1 T3

CJ

u c

01 CO

oj at

£ E

CO 4-1

c

•H O

3

CA

>%

. QJ

i-H *

CA CA

W JZ

E CO

CO CO

T3 ^H

n o

00

CO

a
S

XI

d

0)
(X

290

3
O
•J

3

O

XI
0)
3
C
•H
4-1

c
o
o

T3
01

3
3

a <si

£ H

a> <u

B -I

to <-H

j= -o

" i

(0

•u o

* c

o c

.« ■-<

co o

•H

^ c

M -H

-o J=

e^s a)

(fl X

c u

vo

3 (0

CO QJ

■r.' t-<

.H CI

N~- QJ

■-t U

J= •

.c

O O

(0 w

in u

5

•H J*

4-1 O

<M (0

CO CN

tn — ■

>» *-»
-h c

O CQ
£. — '

CO

u C

c

Ul (U

s^s cu

O CQ

ao ea

e w

r^ w

3
O

00

vO

P M

3
0)

a.

03 ^

3

291

3

J

3

< ^

< <-*

u->

0)

u"l

• r-*.

9

jj a--

H

4J o^

CD — '

cc

(0 —

Z ^-

=

z ^-'

3

5

3

o

3

o

0

ON

ED

rH

[Q

4J

c

o>

-C

cfl

to

'— ' '

3
rH
O

c
o
u

(fl M
O o>

00

CI

to

•H

CD

j:

co

(0

3

c

h

h

3

t->

K

Ul

a>

E

a>

(-i

«

o

0

-C

vD

01

u

£

oa

h

ai

t-H

3

c

«j

01

A3

•H

01

1

3

0

CO

•a

•H

£

K

o

>

*J

01

c

E

oa

O

3

01

B

SO

0)

■a

a

4-1

60

at

h

■H

•H

a.

c

J=

to

to

01

c

M

c

c

a

to

B

-a

t/i

to

u

cd

c

«j

u

00

3

•H

cu

0)

W

•H

u

fl

in

u

3

<u

i

rH

C

c

3

-H

c

j:

a

J<

0

i-H

+j

■H

o

ai

a

03

■o

ra

a.

0

u

o

U

0)

M

**-.

m

01

I

C

c

c

to

T3

«

sz

a

c

t-<

o

■o

u

«

u

3

u

0)

3

o

,c

b

o

a.
<

ai

t/i

<u

co

C

CO

jC

CO

■H

w

0

u

4-)
C/l

1-1

&

4-1

<

6

292

Appendix 6.3(39). Plant species dominant on spoil banks In Rockefeller
Wildlife Refuge In the Chenler Plain (Splndler and Noble 1974).

X of vegetative

average I

Species

cover

ground cover

frequency (X)

Spartina patens

36.0

29.0

73.0

Bacoharia balimifolia

34.5

27.7

81.1

Phragmitee oommunia

4.4

3.2

8.5

Eupatorium eerotinum

3.0

2.5

22.6

Vigna luteola

3.0

2.4

61.1

Koeteletekya virginica

1.9

1.5

24.4

Scirpua robuatus

1.4

1.2

20.0

Rivina humilis

1.3

1.0

7.4

Phytolacca americana

1.2

1.0

11.5

Ipomoea aagittata

1.2

1.0

17.4

Mikania acandens

1.1

0.9

9.3

Verbena bonariensia

0.9

0.7

5.6

Euputorium capillifolium

0.8

0.7

6.3

Panicum hemitomon

0.7

0.6

5.2

Iva fruteecene

0.7

0.5

5.6

Chenopodium ambroeioidea

0.6

0.5

5.2

Alternanthera philoxeroidee

0.6

0.5

7.0

Davbentonia texana

0.5

0.4

3.3

Andropogon virginiaue

0.5

0.4

4.1

Polygonum punctatum

0.4

0.4

4.1

Eclipta alba

0.4

0.3

5.9

Spartina cynoeuroidee

0.4

0.3

3.0

Ambroeia artemieiifolia

0.4

0.3

3.0

Diatichlia apicata

0.4

0.3

5.2

Cyperue odoratue

0.4

0.3

4.0

Eichhornia craseipea

0.3

0.3

3.7

Unknown

0.3

0.2

4.5

Solidago sp.

0.3

0.2

2.6

Pluchea purpuraecene

0.3

0.2

4.4

Cucumia melo

0.3

0.2

3.0

Cyperue sp.

0.2

0.2

3.3

Echinoohloa cruegalli

0.2

0.1

1.5

Bacopa monnieri

0.2

0.1

2.6

Seebania exaltata

0.1

0.1

1.1

Euphorbia eupina

0.1

0.1

1.9

Rumex chryeocarpue

0.1

0.1

1.9

Echinochloa ualteri

0.1

0.1

1.9

Melothria pendula

0.1

0.1

1.5

Oxalie sp.

0.1

0.1

1.5

Setaria magna

0.1

0.1

1.1

Senecio glabellue

<0.05

<0.05

0.7

Erigeron bonarieneie

<0.05

<0.05

0.7

Acnida cuepidata

<0.05

<0.05

0.7

Lippia nodiflora

<0.05

<0.05

0.7

Ophiogloaeum petiolatum

<0.05

<0.05

0.7

Phyaalia angulata

<0.05

<0.05

0.7

Paepalum die ti chum

<0.05

<0.05

0.7

Ceratophyllum demereum

<0.05

<0.05

0.7

Cyperue erythrorhizoe

<0.05

<0.05

0.7

Heliotropium curaeeavicum

<0.05

<0.05

1.1

Erechtitea hieracifolia

<0.05

<0.05

0.4

Scirpue aalifornicua

<0.05

<0.05

0.4

Ammannia coccinae

<0.05

<0.05

0.4

Cuecuta cuepidata

<0.05

<0.05

0.4

Carduua sp.

<0.05

<0.05

0.4

Stachye sp.

<0.05

<0.05

0.4

LEMNACEAE

<0.05

<0.05

0.4

Irie sp.

<0.05

<0.05

0.4

Scirpue americanue

<0.05

<0.05

0.4

Potamogeton sp.

<0.05

<0.05

0.4

Solidago tennuifolia

<0.05

<0.05

0.4

Luduigia leptocarpa

<0.05

<0.05

0.4

Setaria geniculata

<0.05

<0.05

0.4

Total X of ground covered by vegetation - 80. 5X

293

•u
CO
4J
•H

I

1

o
a

1

0)
CU

t

a)

•H
g

0J

oo

-a

•H

OS

a)

J3

4J

K-l

O

W

<u

4-1

cd

M

Xi

0)

u

u

•

CU

c

>

•H

CO

a>

iH

>

Pu

•H

4->

M

cfl

0)

4->

•H

C

e

<u

OJ

CO

43

CD

u

u

a

cu

CU

X

OS

4-1

1

c

•H

c
o
o

o

•a

c

a
p.
<!

vm O '■■*-> \

L 01 H

igj a «| m ml -h «

294

XI

0)
3
C

•H
4-1

(3

O

a

g2

3

£

x:

u

4-J

•H

Vj

a

fd

w

V

^-^

0 en

g-d

c
o
u

o

-3"

vO

■a

0)

ex
ex

<

c

o

e

u

01

in

4-1

UJ

en

J

0

C

H

Cx.

«

a

X .H

295

u
n
u
■n

o c
tn eg
n -a

•H 3

.C 3

£ C

(A C

« eg

3 n

3 E

£ B

z

w 13

T3

01

• «J

■ j=

*-> £

*j «

a ui

p.

>SiH

J!

m

(A

u

C

w

3

^

C

00

3

1

£

•a

0

X

bi

■J)

3

<

1— 1

1

X)

I!

u

a

ex

c

<

3

.-l

X ^

•a ^-v

tfl ^

cd •&

•H r—

O r-»

en

<*-• ON

4J <J\

•a •-.

l- r-

M

13

•h in

ai -a

C TJ

XI CJN

X u

m i-

O f*
*-i on

•a

0)
3
C
•H
4J

C

o
o

-a

3
C

e —

oo ^ :

oo JO
o ai
k. x

.-i x

M

•H 00

M-. -^

n -h

r-

c n

• m

co 3

X ON

tfl "•

- -o

•H

(A C

^ *j

E "

• 00

o *-*

tfl -H

3 X

*J u

X 00

o 3

*-> t-4

0)

i- t-

10 T>

(0 3

c c

Oi w

-H eg

c
o

o

T3
G
0)

tn

at

cd

c

,*s

c

at

at

at

a

09

.*

j«:

at

3

c
tn

^

at

k

s

td
C

ai

j*

0)

«M

M

id

M

a)

en

in

cd

(0

(0

tn

^

c

u

(d

c

at

4J

c

BD

3
E

0)

c

3

cd

at

o

a>

r-l

tn

u

td

u

at

X

en

cd

n)

tfl

3

c

(A

Id

u

jj

td

U

X

tn
(0

3

0)

4-1

in

3

M
td

-H

X

c

t— i

Jrf

4J

c

c

ra

s

(0

CO

OO

*o

at

cd

>

c

tn

o
u

tn

o

i-H

OI

00

o

tn

*j

«J

M

a

01

U-4

3

en

^

00

c

*o

E

a.

c

•H

a.

u

(0

at

<d

§

u

X

■H

X

.*

tn

C

a

<d

td

>■.

(d

at

tfl

tn

j!

o

at

(j

•a

C)

4J

t— i

B

o

0)

at

td

u

T3

td

^

jd

D-

^

<d

i_i

tn

c

(A

>)

at

O

to

cd

at

X

u

at

td

u

c

13

u

td

C0

td

q

u

X

X

X

tu

td

en

OQ

u

"U

c

X

a
o

at

at

■H

ai

at

u

3

<*-.

X

I

cd
tn

0)

i
3

w.

•a

c

en
>>

oo

00

"s

>»

td

tn

u

a.

tfl

a

M

B

(d

•o

q

td

o

td

0

M

X

cd

tfl

u

§

o

o

u

X

at

cd

U-t

■H

•H

s

T3

00

(fl

X

td

tfl

tfl

i-i

3

u

at

•H

at

•a

o

■a

iH

•a

^H

13

cd

o

3

c

td

c

o

0>

0

M

ex

3

a.

o.

t-

u

o

h

o

3

o

at

0

a>

o

■H

M

Cu

s

E

VI

u

o

u

pa

V-

O

t-

>■

h

a

X

oi

OO

o

OI

o

0

03

cd

X
H

s

cd

z

41
Z

01

z

01

z

at
z

a.
o

at

OS

at
at:

W5

296

H 4J U\

pa nj ^

r 2 ^

O .

to to

to -a

10

CM

J-.

CTi

G

— '

c

w

rt

c

£

tu

CO

X

00 r^

a m
j3 en
3 —
O

4J

i-

U

3

cu

to

T3

C

C

00 r-
O u~i
t- CJ\

£ (0

w g

in cm

CO 0C

*-i 0*\

h *H

tfl t-4

U — '

LM .— 1

C iH

eg

^rH

to to

en u

(fl cfl

cu e

C C

cu

3

c

•H
*J

c
o
a

•a

0)

3
C
•H

t-H

« r-.

■— I *-*

0

in

o

E

* a*

E en

01 —i

T3

00

- >-l

en

0 *-•

to to

1

1-" J=

E5

o

0 .-t

:*

* ti

3

£

W 3

£ ^H

*j

T3

+J -H

1-

CO T3

s §

tO

0 c

<U

4-1 ft)

<u <n

C 3

e -a

W X

r OC

00 oo

X *H

O -H

tn ^

M t-.

■h 3

<U >> y-. -

to »

*J CO

•H 0)

i- e

tfl cu

CO

^

CU ■-*

fO

■ - ft]

E

X c

« to

0) .-^

en co

x e

•JD

to to

» CM

•M

x: ty.

to

en — •

>> TJ

tn

■H

-H 1-1

.-1 QJ

M-* W

u (0

^-t .*

>^ c

01 N

eg to

(0 o

O -H

E C

k. 03

e -h

en to

u ^--

c
o
u

o
<r

CO

x

•H

XI

c
(1)
a
a
<

297

-H T3
-J 3

■H XI

> m
c O

rl U(^

pa CO ^-

r-i <J ON

jj

O >

3

o

3

o

3

o

3

o

l-l .-•*

J*. «£)

n &

co tN

N <M

U CT\

H CTs

u <-<

p-t — '

• u

• t-i

tfl e

u c

u <y

OO OJ

U CO

o pa

flj W

u

co qj

0

u pa

u w

OJ v©

> <N

- w

-H Ov

,c *o

^H — «

« ^

n

■H *r4

w 4J

H-. .fl

U vO

*

QJ CN

to

CO CJ\

DO

C — •

3

cfl

- c

.C QJ

- V£>

to oa

01 CM

c o>

U-.

co —

>s co

0)

CO QJ

U *-i

k- j=

co c

(J u

W QJ

QJ

en oa

- OJ

Cfl <-t

t~

*■

(j to

10 -

3 CO

u u

f-t u

QJ QJ

-< 3

.C CO

O QJ

*-» c

B C

O -H

OJ (A
C C

0 — '

-a

0)

u

3

(A —

a

(A *J

•H

OJ Ifl

u o

a e

4-1

i

>.

O

u ..

o

• •— <

(A <S

<J E

C -h

T3
<U

3

•5

4J

c
o
u

o

en

•

vO

•H

c

OJ

a

J= .*

5 a)

(0 c

CO PQ

tfl co

<fl M

C QJ

•H C

■H

W pq

<i-|

y-i tn

ca

a

>> u

B H

tfl V)

>H U

»-H i— 1

GO 60

*J OJ

g §

t. CO

3 0

CA (0

-5 g

i-4 1-

O C

e

o

o

k-

u

01

01

J3

3

298

J 3
< .

; z ~—

to cd — i
r 2 -^

CO « — <

= Z ^

■H -O
-J 3

-s —

3 • r~

co n) ~
r z w

>>

u

<4-i

o

>

(fl

u

^

u

td

<

QJ

Cu

u

0

n

01

C

u

o

c

CO

r5

n)

-r

at

c

CO

3

XJ

<

9

5

-3-

o

r^

J

» a\

*-'

0) -^

3
O

T3
0)

C

C
O

u

CO

,-v

4J

tfl

(J

-a-

0>

CO

ON

c

•H

>>

J-i

OJ

U

3

(0

o

o

♦J

B

■^

3 c

xi -o

0)

3

3

6

C

3

co ^-.

co r~-

0 m

3

a. c*

O

O *H

X

* w

CJ

CO C

41

i_> 01

01

■H CQ

u

XI w

u

XI

m

co co

^ 4J

co m
U — «

0) rH

■>

a)

CO

CO

00

CO

CO

o

01

cO

u

w

a

•4-1

co e

0) CO

01 m
CJ CTi
(0 ~

(0

,— i

E

fO

E

o

CO

3

0

CO

CO

OJ

1-i

(0

•H

4-1

a

c

0)

o

Ij

*H

(J

M

CO

rfl

c

CJ

(0

■H

>-> XI

t-H

4-J

X!

CO

a

a

6

i

» a. co

CO CO x>

u - ►

•H CO CO
X> 4-> rH

X)

o) u a>

0)

l-i 01 t-i

3

o to l-i

x: c -h

C

CO -H 3

•H

* o CO

■U

i-H 10

CO i-H •>

s

at co co

O

U l-i

a

.. QJ

■a co x:

ai Tj a

xi

to

CO

ON

c

0)

>.

01

H

^

•H

u

u

u

*J

c

(0

••-<

a

0)

o

x:

u

PC

e

o

h

o

vD

X

•H

C
a.

3

299

rs

w •

e

■H -O

o

-1 3

«

< ~

0) vo

3 • r-

H Uffl

CO CO —

; z -^

0 <T
V4 f-.

QJ O

03 CO — '

^

*->

«*-.

■H

0

>

•H

en

*->

^

U

■i

<:

^

a.

h

0

ro

u

c

u

0

c

J)

cd

n

-j

0)

c

en

3

5

0)

v

3

3

3

o

q

O

J

~

iJ

-a

>.

§

2

oj

3

0

i

u.

i

1

3

tr oo
n c

in u

M

-a ai

0)

01

3 -O

T3

E

J3 -H

u

a.

a. to

o

» to

01 OJ

3

CO

>

(U -

•> «

> 01

en ai

en

<o c

*j ■— i

4-1

QJ tfl

a

u

O H

<u

3
C
•H
■U

C

o
a

3

o

(0

cn

H

01

■a

J*

01

QJ

w

O

V

3

E

0)

if)

.-H

|

C

DC

E

eg

a

ft

tfl

C

c*

E

«

•H

c

;/i

a

§

4-*

B

rt

8M»

QJ

c

>J

C

P3

Cst

a

00

«

v-'

vO

4-1

o t.
in a>

4J

« O

Ul r-

U

^« CM

E c-J

01

O O

Efl

o ~*

C

*

3

-H 01

O

01

a. t)

.O

4-t

V- w

«

■H

QJ (0

3 -~v

u N

o

t. o

n -h

4J

"4-t -^

U ^H

O

u

Ss *

n

QJ

■-H W

(Q 4-1

4-1 00

■H

> c

U 01

01 O

s

O >-

CT) CQ

E <*-

01

.-< W

• 4)

VI CQ

X

•H
13

C

a.

>i «-h > nJ

ol «

U CO

300

J 3

3

■a
o

r z -w m

3
O

-1

-

TJ ^-v

c a\

0(^

a<r

~ -J

03 On

" CTv

-H — <

^

>* W

J) *-i

E C

CO ^-v

c o>

O <T

■h as

B--

o ti

u c

CO II)

0 00

■a -^

3

HI CO

01 -o

a o>

01 01
T) 01
•H S

e

01

m

e

CD
.-H

a.
o

(0

s-^

o

01

in

E

c*

O

Efl

4J

c

W

a>

u

aa

to *~*
c o

-r4 m

CU

m

E

Oi

o

CO

4J

c

(0

at

4-1

PQ

u

**>

T3

<U

3
C

•r4

c
o
o

T3
0)

3
C

C

o
o

o

VO

O V-

CT\

CO

H

0J 00

u ^

<D OJ

4->

t)

0)

(0 -C

6-5

(0

OJ -

m 4J

c

&

00

Q

a co

c c

•H •■

CM

E

■H OJ

«H OJ

4-1

a>

i-t "H

03

•H

3

f-( t-l

•- 3

0

CO •-*

•H 1j

r-( )-i

-J

W O

i-t

E OJ

i-t «

!*.

s~'

u m

CU Ch

1

Xi

co 4-i
B -h

•H

to

CD — »

•H

(0 -

•s e

C *•

11

c

c

l- (0

CO 4-1

■H

•H 4-1

M

01 4-4

nj U-i

c

H

C

•a -h

isS BJ

H

S-5 OJ

&^

•H 3

fi-5 T3

-T <-H

Hi

00 CQ

r*.

a u

O C

01

.-H

S

■H

CO

§■§

O. >^

14

o -a

<U

M

E C

d

&-S 4-1
-J CO

0)

.A

CO

•• CO

CM O

•■ CO

1—i 4-1

E

13

— i 4-)

1?

a

C

§•3

&»

s

nj

■H 1-

•H U

c: ^

HI -H

c

CD

C <*-"

0}

§ a

«

4-1

CO

"O

TJ

e-« .-h

to -H

e-s

D

S*S r-i

s-g

•-3 C

vO

M

Cl -H

w q)

oo

■4-1

<* 3

•H

■a
c
a>

U ^H

QOJ OJ '■*-

301

3 ■ r»

« «-<
Z Z -^

-J 3

3 • r-
pa to — .

c

3 CTv

T3 C^

3

c -1

c -■

J3

3

3

3

O >N

O ^

M U

U u

1 Q)

1 <u

- 3

I- »

fl o

tfl 0

01 -1

<u J

>- ^

>• —

-o

c

t-t

to <*

t«n

O Ov

I- — <

T3

3
C
•H

C

o
u

tl .-H

o

4J 0)

en

a pa

H

QJ -^

id

M

CO

- M

U)

0) <u

.-1

*tJ 13

T3

0)

D
S3

c
a:

01 o
C ~J

n C

TJ

o*

Cl

O*

3

■"•

•

4J

Cl

c

<0

V

n

SI

c

^ 00

O r-

o

vO

1

o

(0

>>

•H

u

on

^3

B

302

■H T3

o)

o

g

s

o

-J

3

O

• 3

XI o

c
oi m

» -H

u

C ■■£■■

(A (0

a s^

•H -J"

T3 M

(N

cy.

O 00

•> p^

a

£0

CO

<o

OC 4-»

■H ■•

•H C

00 c

U 4_»

(0 0

01 01

>, C

C -H

DQ

B n)

(A 1-

s£>

T3 w

U

<r

h

• a

- a

t^

■H C

to

en u

.£> -H

l-i 6^

u

rt

01 \£>

01 - tJ

• h

T3 r*.

•a to c

J= 00

•H

i-4 .H

tu

(0

a;

D
C

c
o
a

CO -H 01

•a

3

a

•H

4-1

c

o
u

00 ON

4-1

4-1

-H

e *

4-1

^

4-J 4-»

o -

O

- ^

CO CO

o

*o

u e

0) CO

01

(0 M

at -o

0)

-*

01 0)

1/1 T3 /-.

CO

T3 QJ

U 0)

10

a»

CO CO

C M ^£)

c

K X

CO a>

c

C >-'

■H -H <T

■H

4-1 CO

•H

£i &■

.q «

CO

u

4-1

U

a -

c

CO

• -H

1- CO

0>

H 1

H W U

(0 3

CJ 4J

tH

CQ

gee

5 (0 0)

§

C U

(0 <4-l

g2

§

a -

-H -H CQ

•H

■H

CO

*H (0

C U3 ^"

C

,n •

O m-

C

01

c 0)

cO -H

CO

T-i CO

fO

CO ft

J= 4J

X e

M 0)

U

u

S-5 O- CO

*•«

a co

i- a>

fr^

u

e^ u

o

CO

■a

a
ex

g,

303

•H TJ

< --*

3 • r-
<-< *J on

pa n h
: z ^-

j: u

_H

nj <

111

>.

0. k.

U

0

V

^-t

3

co cy

0

C u

J

i

t

3

2

3

B
i-i

a

- E

in 3
ij

o :►,

OJ r-1

T3

a)

a

•H
4J

a
o

u

(U

y-^

to

CN

c

<■

v4

O*

>>

.H

♦J

4J

c

10

0)

CO

(0

JJ

XI

u

0)

CU

0)

(0

(Q

c

■rt

3

u

to cn
M -J

-O — •

1

«

5 §

c

CO

C *-*

a)

4J

nj a

M

p

s^ &•$

-*

P

c^ •— •

^

**H

00 — '

(0 rsj

CO <S
I- -J

T3 — '

„

to

-o

u

■a

91

c
rt

0)

a

3

.-I

-H

a

CN

E

■H
4J

C

• •

p

0

tfl

10

CJ

u

M

u

0)

T7

•o

W

■r-l

CM

-*

Cu-J

a. cr\

to

o>

to

<-*

(0

■a
u

4J

QJ

u

CO

CU

IB

c

en

■H

a)

SO C

■ • u

O

SO

X

•H

-a
c
<u

a

t-> iH

(V
4-1

3

I

I

304

o >

3

5

3

O

•a

a)

D
C
•H
4-1

c
o
u

tt

3

00

w

3

<+-*

3

0

to

C

13

i/:

■H

<D

o.

o»

&-S

o- so

H
H

co

-i

01

s

j*

n

CO

c

*J-

(0

CO

ON

u

0)

-a

CO

J

at

C

a.

o

oj

(0

»-

03

m

01

(0

0)

4J

• N

M

^ -h

1-

3 H

V

3

X<

Z [fl

at

« H

CO

•H

•a

-.- n

01

CO 0)

3

-Q -a

3 C

o n)

10

•> CO

io a)

u co

<u c

co en

U 00

01 <f

CO 0>

e -•

C T3

cO l-i

4-1

(0

C

S^ N

QJ

C -

<r

B

■-H

01 u

•H CO

CTs

T3 l-i

4-1

o

u

01 0)

- -H

a

5

c

a xi

CO U

4-1

x;

01

i-i

u

C

4-1

QQ

i-t *

1-t >JH

0)

a)

t->

i-< CO

y-i

CO

co

m

33

>»

c

■*_•

cu

^-^

m ■-

M

3

^ u

CO

0\

0)

* U

u c

4J

to

<r

u

CO M-t

co

CO

M

CT«

c

M

M

2

cu

•H

a)

co a.

CO

■o

£

•o ••

iH

3

<4-i

•H

u

•H 4J

t4 tf-5

-H

a

C

a c

CO r^

rH

T>

CO

a»

CO

co co

C c">

0

B

PQ

01

CO

s

cd

*

,— '

-H

. a

o

N

2 u

3

3 oi

rH

X)

- /-^

H

CO CO

g

C ^J

(0 4-1

<0 c^

£ C

•H

-H ■—<

•H 03

C

Xi

C -H

"3

-H 4-1

XI C

co a

a oi

$*« fr«

m

E CO

o o

S5

T3

3
C

C
O
U

4J 6^

4-i s-«

U ^

U vD

a) m

qj n

CN CO

0 *~v

O ^v

•H

3 OA

>— 1

3 0>

1

* 0^

1

tfl —i

■H

CO -H

C

60

c

00

CO

3 *->

CO

3 *->

XI C

Xi c

5^

3 oi

s-s

3 cu

>»

0 CO

m

O CO

sD

CO -w

r*

CO w

o

(T)

•H

C

|U ^H

l-i <4-l

O

o

3

305

01 £■

3 • r»

ta a -<

z 2 w

3

O

3

o

3
O

3

0

3

O
iJ

T3
til

C

o
u

C m

O c">

o fi

x: u-i

X! u"i

5 on

3 CT*

T3

I

•H
■U

C

o
u

/—s

XI

u

.-H

A

n

Xi

o

M

<a

<H

i-.

Xi

CO

h

u

X)

h

<r

co

M

X>

01

t-l

M

h

(0

3

V

M

f-i

d

M

ca

14

3

c

CO

3

^^

4-1

«

Xl

c

01

3

01

(0

n

3

CO

u

CO

ro

a>

a.

3

M

iH

a

•H

n

>

OJ

01

u

■a

o

4J

o

ca

1-

A

id

■O

CO

XI

n

.H

-c

u

fH

T3

H

i-4

OJ

CO

to

01

<o

n

TJ

a

3

M

U

U

0)

o

H

c

u

U

o>

th

01

3

X)

c

c

vO

0>
-H

>-i

u

f

fr

01
60

3

C

•a

0>

s

td

H

•H

CO

5

n

3

n

H
XI

d

H
01

u

1

(0
0

01

u

U

en

>

tfl

T

J3

C

at

0)

at

E

—

a

01

u

V

«

(0

3

M

1-1

•H

41

3

>

T3

u

■H

a

ao

O.

01

u

N

ai

u

a

CO

a.

1

U

T3

JZ

>

a.

C/l

>

c

cfl

d

ca

ro

3

(0

C

'S

CO

01

a

id

U
1

<0

tH

S

E

to

3

3

3

CO

C

§

CO

1

CO

t)

•i-(

•H

4J

m

c

M

Wi

to

h

V

1*

fH

w

a>

u

i

C

u

U

?

u

c

cfl

rH

iH

M

o

0)

a

1

0

a*

0

60

p

>

x:

■h

0

•H

.H

■H

J)

U

>

-a

>

QJ

>

>

a

5

£

u

w

o

^H

0

co

0

5

0

■H

0

o
a)

u
CO

U

0
•H

n

03

1

s

3
PQ.

1

01
H

1

co
o

1

a

z

•H

3

0

SB

a

.-H

V

>-

u

■0

c

01

6

M

c

B

H

0>

u
T3

C

£

>

3

01

>

--■
>

41

>

0>

>

>

n

0-

&

£

&

%

Si

306

3
0

3
O

3

o

3

o
1-1

3 ^

O fl

C m

T3

3
C

■u
C
o
o

TJ

s-^

o

en

a m

eg

Oa

■H

^

>,

u

B

d

X)

3

.-I ro

.-f in

c
o
u

o

•a

c

0)

307

3 ■ r~
CO ffl -.

3

0

3

3

c
m -

HI c

s

U3

U 00

& in

-H

in

C

o

0)

*-•

e-«

l~l

r*

c

(M

V

«

OG

"3

(0

at

■a

0)

0

en

a

rt

Tj

■H

a)

i^

OJ

>,

3

B

a

XI

Hi

3

C
O

u

X)

3

5

<u ^

-H CO

.. • f-4

.. 09

to 00

&s

H 1/1 D

u

C in

cfl c H

c •

•H 0>

Hi u

CO CO

4-1 do

-H -H

•H U

>>

«

C .O -

a u

iH W

o *

(0 -H W

OJ

*-» C

to

x -o

i>S to

(0 OJ

fl 00

s^ a. oj

ro c

O P3

-■* 3

m to to

r*. -H

B ^

-> .a

o
m

X

•H
X)

g

ctj
•H

4J

u

X

(0

to

re

a

£

3

o

to

U

k<

3

M

CO

h

OJ

t-t

h

0

X

to

a>

T3

OJ

01

to

•o

>

V

u

o

rH

«

CO

u

CO

H

c

M

OJ

•H

u

5

B

^

X

C

Hi

X

OJ

01

u

N

o

u

1-1

•H

H

H

•o

3

9

•rt

3

o

CO

X

(0

M

X

CO

(0

X

b

OJ

IM

3

a

3

4J

M

(0

3

B

u

aj

<u

0

0

at

•H

to

3

10

CO

u

M

M

>N

to

>s

to

BO

U

3

a.

CO

u

3

■H

J3

X

■a

Ou

^

C

>

A

>,

c

a

U

>>

•H

CO

13

CO

c

to

(0

c

3

0

>,

3

a.

g

*ri

OJ

0

•H

T3

CO

0

0

1— 1

i

t-t

u

H

c

•o

c

(0

C

s

■H

^H

.c

0

•H

j=

C

X

3

0

o

o

0

H

rH

u

.c

.3

OJ

3

0

4J
0

2

to

0

to

•H
3

CO

H

3

OJ
4-1

41

■H
H

0

pa

0)

OJ

•H

U

S

51

c5

CJ

3

:*

3

'-'

<;

u
C

o

308

en n)

3

O
►J

3

O

3

o

3

O

3
O

O

ro

C

•h a -h

<±4 E 3

>. OS 14

01

3
C
•H

•u
C
O

u

CO CO

CO tfl

&c -o

■H T3

D U

M-. >-

J3 QJ

■H

3 U)

-H J3

0

r-H

•0 -a

<0 •*-*

a)

E O

* qj

to

co 3

be

Ij

* c

qj *

tfl 3

T3 C

C O

•H -H

tD ^

nj

4-1

6

c

to

£

.H

cd

P

6*5

6^2

tN

00

r-l

■c

to (0 CO
•H -H O

CO

CO

-H

u

0)

CO

a)

u

T3

00

H

IJ

&

a.

CO

Ul

V

.. m

i-i

*j ai

c —

CO

tfl

u

CO

rH 4-1

o

00

a c

E'g

^■S U U qj
O cO -H qj
C"t <U .Q CO

CO S-5

a

*-» o

cj r»

QJ

CO

CO ■-

-a-

c to

•H QJ

>

CO

>S<H

u

<H CO

u

rH >

QJ

0 -H ,-,

CO

,c ja co

c

3 ^

rH 0>

>.

W co

0 6 4-1

*J •-*

6 to c

CO CO

rH QJ

0 vO

to -pa

6 a\

CO ^

rH

• • -H 10

•• 4J

rH (0 4J

H C

(0 C *H

co ai

■5 w 2

E 03

C •• *4H

C

CO tfl

to to

ty -u

•a

•- CO

tfl \D

4-t O"*

Cj —(

— o

X)
01

3
C

C
O

u

309

3
O

-J

3

O

3
O

0)

>.

&

oi

3

|4

01

3

o

u

3

o

-J

3

o

-J

•s-'

q

►J

-J

u

>>

u

q.

>,

3
i

a.

<

<

i

5

3
C

D,

a

Cfl

at

(0

4-1

■x

u

c

0>

(0

CO

JO

c

X)

0

• vO

*.

tfl ON

ED

*-t — t

*J

u

U

0) *-»

ai

en c

tO -"N

C 0)

C a)

-H 03

f* %£>

ON

>N

>*-*

f-i w

u -a

U 4-1

(A at

CO C

X)

a

•H
4J

c
o
u

o

c

Ov

n

a

4-1

c

B*(

01

<M

pq

CT*

»— *

O ^

o
u

to •-*

*J CO

CJ \D

a> ov

•

a

^o

■•j

■<-*

u

X

u

•H

r/31

T3

C

<u

a

a

<!

a. »h

6 5

U -4

<-H U

310

u ^

(0 r*

00 u

«"> 3

• S3

o •—

3
O

3

o

3

O

3

c

a?

6 3

1- *-)

« :*.

A

3s

3 C

c

c

- E

-H C

TJ O

•o o

C -Q

C X>

3

3

O DO

O 00-^v

X-

u c

X)

u c js

<r

1 3

-^

1 3 <■

M 0

t-< O r-

o\

tTJ >,<^

c0 >. t^

0)

tu — .

>* —

>* •*

>v

u

>">

u >,

I-

<D QJ

U

0) 0) u>

V

> XI

QJ

> X! QJ

s

•H 4J

3

-H w 3

o

4-> flj

o

*-> (0 O

-)

CJ QJ

J

O QJ -J

< 3

"*- '

< 3 ^

.— i

**

c

U /-*

a

r-»

Q

QJ X

a

&

o*

•->

»->

8

DO

w o

n

3

&

•o

TD — •

•D

3

ai

01

01 ^-v

0)

ai

2 &

01 £

^

3

u

u -j

0

X) ^

Xi a>

X> r»

-]

X)

3

a*

M

■ * ■*

■• o

3

T3 r-

■o -J

•o

<

C O

c -^

c >n

1

HI

3 — '

3

3 L,

3

O

o ■

C 01

>H

<

1- >,

U 00

>- 3

3

1

1 h

1 3

1 o

-n

L- 0/

n <

b *J

*-i

« 3

t 1

m w

C

3

u o

QJ >>

ot

"H

•-)

>N J

*£

>. 01

c

U)

as

V

01

0" 3

TJ

■a

> •

> •-

> -1

a)

0)

•H t-J

•rt •

•H 1

0)

0)

±j a

« .O

w ^

t-i

M

U <Jj

U 01

zi

CQ

PS

< w

< U.

3
o

-a

3
C
•H

c
o

CJ

c

M

a.

>.

>>

K

U

01

01

3

3

T3
<D

3
C

c
o

o

3

C7

X)

C
cu
a
a.

<

c

f

a e

g

5 3

311

*-» .n

c
o
« eg

x

c

-t

■H

r-^

CT>

CO

—

i~)

^

u

t-i

a)

A

3

c

pj

t3

a

3

rH

c

H

u

m

i

IM

V-

Rl

-a

at

c

=>.

EtJ

i-.

-Q

•H

•*

Xi

r^.

<*

4-1

tfl

O

>*

s

U

ai

•

3

-a

0

i

J

a

0

M

1

>

i~

o

<0

z

ai

>**T3

c

a>

(0

>

<u jo
j3 a*

33

XI

cr

c

n

01

c

>

(v

3

*J

0

_|

00 J3

C <r

=>>

•H r-

l-i

-O CT\

a

<u -*

5

0J

0

W< >>

j

xi M

ss

s-

I 01

u 3

« o

at j

>-^

0) u.

XI o

c —

I 01

I- 3

n o

ot -J

•

-*

a

r*.

<u

ON

*->

CO

c

>>

u

u.

at

0J

j=

3

S3

w CQ

T3
0)

3
C
•H
W
(3
O
"J

41 ^

•a
a)

c
o

U 01

t-t r-~

0> 3

o cr>

*J 0

j: — >

M J

3

S ---

>,

u U

u oc

X QJ

C C

0 3

CO 3

B 0

.H O

^H -J

a ><

« ^

•r-l O
U -J
0) W

o

x

•H

c
a

I

a

312

c ^

c

y-s

rH

&

,-*

•H £1

•H

,Q

C £

<T

<T

>>

aj

■h <r

CO 1^.

a

r»

u

i

r~

x. c^

x

e^

ai

o

Jl On

4_1 —1

4J

3

►j

4J ■-•

u

U

o

h

2 &

•H

i:

■J

■H >s

J3

iH

£ U

<U

ai

^H

01

TJ 3

3

13

«

- 3

C O

M

o

C

U-l

01 J

3 -J

0)

hJ

3

O ^-'

4J

O

<U

u ^-*

M

c

k

4J

C

1 bO

*i-4

Ml

1

ffl

•H 00

1- c

3

C

h

t-H

3 C

Cfl -H

flj

1 •*

01 l-i

c

M

01

c

•O »J

>> a

*H

O.

>>

■h a.

in

BO

E m

QJ

W)

0)

OB

> ^

•o

>s

>

■a

M >»

•H «H

a>

.H

■H

a>

a) -<

iJ t-i

01

U

IJ

V

u u

o nj

M

nj

CJ

M

ss

< 0)

CQ

at

<

pa

o
o
M

X)
0)

XI
3

iH
O
C
o

o

.c

f,

* 3

11

BO

(0

to 0

■a

-H

c

C -1

CO

o

<M

a)

•H

■H

GO

o

u

XJ

XI r-t

M

-H

CO

■H

•H (0

U-l

^

T3

■C

.C "H

^

M

a

O- K

■«H

B ^

S a>

X

CO J=)

J3

(0 i-i

CO

» r-.

IM

co a>

n

.r: oi

x

i-H — •

4J

« -^

(0 w

eg

c

•H

■H C

X

u >^

<u

/— N

£&

•4-i eg

(0

U t-i

*o

X>

P-..-H

-iH

J3

>H <U

o -a-

n) a>

co a.

4-1

<T

3 3

u

r^

M 3

u

^

r^

cr o

Os

o o

O M-i

<Q

c^

CO eJ

i-5

0

U

X

U

CO

&

(0

CO CO

&

CO C

•H

■M 10

4J i->

*-» 0

iw

0)

(J J-»

0) 3

CO

a)

■r-l *rt

:>.

3

at «h

-O

3

XI ^

m

o

10 3

CO o

«

o

J3 U>

n

hJ

c w

e s

h

J

d re

o

•H
XI

C

CU

a
a.

EJ

i

313

Appendix 6.3(41). Land birds likely to make regular trans-Gulf flights
in spring (Hebrand unpubl., Lowery 1974a).

Coccyzus americanus

Yellow-billed cuckoo
Coccyzus erythop thalmus

Black-billed cuckoo
Caprimulgus carolinensis

Chuck-will 's-widow
Chordeiles minor

Common nighthawk
Chaetura pelagica

Chimney swift
Archil ochus colubris

Ruby -throated hummingbird
Tyrannus tyr annus

Eastern kingbird
Myiarchus crinitus

Great crested flycatcher
Empidonax f laviventris

Yellow-bellied flycatcher
Empidonax virescens

Acadian flycatcher
Empidonax trail ii

Willow flycatcher
Empidonax alnorum

Alder flycatcher
Empidonax min imus

Least flycatcher
Contopus virens

Eastern wood pewee
Progne sub is

Purple martin
Dumetella carolinensis

Gray catbird
Hylocichla mustelina

Wood thrush
Catharus ustulata

Swainson's thrush
Catharus minimus

Gray-cheeked thrush
Catharus f uscescens

Veery
Bomb yc ilia cedorum

Cedar waxwing
Vireo griseus

White-eyed vireo
Vireo f lavif rons

Yellow-throated vireo
Vireo olivaceus

Red-eyed vireo

Vireo philadelphicus

Philadelphia vireo
Vireo gilvus

Warbling vireo
Mniotilta varia

Black-and-white warbler
Vermivora chrysoptera

Golden-winged warbler
Vermivora pinus

Blue-winged warbler
Vermivora peregrina

Tennessee warbler
Vermivora ruf icapilla

Nashville warbler
Parula americana

Northern parula warbler
Dendroica petechia

Yellow warbler
Dendroica pensylvanica

Chestnut-sided warbler
Dendroica cerulea

Cerulean warbler
Dendroica dominie a

Yellow-throated warbler
Dendroica virens

Black-throated green warbler
Dendroica discolor

Prairie warbler
Dendroica f usca

Blackburnian warbler
Dendroica magnolia

Magnolia warbler
Dendroica coronata

Myrtle warbler
Dendroica striata

Blackpoll warbler
Dendroica castanea

Bay-breasted warbler
Setophaga ruticilla

American redstart
Seiurus aurocapillus

Ovenbird
Seiurus novebo racensis

Northern waterthrush
Seiurus motacilla

Louisiana waterthrush
Limno thlypis swain son i

Swainson's warbler

continued
314

Appendix 6.3(41). Concluded.

Helmintheros vermivorus

Worm-eating warbler
Protontaria citrea

Prothonotary warbler
Geothlypis formosa

Kentucky warbler
Wilsonia citr ina

Hooded warbler
Wilsonia pusilla

Wilson's warbler
Icteria virens

Yellow-breasted chat
Dolichonyx oryzivorus

Bobolink
Icterus spurius

Orchard oriole
Icterus galbula

Baltimore oriole
Piranga olivacea

Scarlet tanager
Piranga rubra

Summer tanager
Pheucticus ludovicianus

Rose-breasted grosbeak
Guiraca caerulea

Blue grosbeak
Passerina cyanea

Indigo bunting
Passerina ciris

Painted bunting
Spiza americana

Dickcissel

315

c

•H
CO

u

<U
•H

c

a)

O

QJ
J2

4J
•H
X)

co

22

4-1

(0

<u

M
O

C
cfl
H
O-

0)

J2

c*-i
O

w
cu

V

cfl

u

-Q
0)
4-1

0)

>
>

c

<D

cn
cu
Vj

ex

CU

as

CNI

sr
>»•

CO

^o

X

■H
T3

c
a

i a

, u
no. «

XI s

tl

b

3
c5T

■a

a
o

« I-

Si

316

a -

0 c

01 a

a^

ai r-

w m

I <y*

>.

2

3 u

•-) J=

60

■H

to

•• I-.

•a

.c 3

01

o

01

U TJ

u

<S C

CO

3= (0

i-t

B

3

a

•H

■U

e

O

O

-a
a)

3
(3
•H
4J

c
o
u

o ^

01 3
•a

« c

TJS

\D

■a

(U

a
3

at

e

0)

en

a

UJ

cd

J

t-i

rn

u

H

at

a.

H

a

8

317

co 4_>

to go

CD 4-1

to

^n .e

tO 60

U) -H

to ^

k

GO !**•

• 3

3 m

J= N-'

_0 CT*

to

5 -

4J

4J I-

O iH

O 3

0) ^H

Oi

s §

CO T3

c c

0)
3
C
•H

0

'J

CD

3

e

•H

§i

E —

E§~

Cfl

0

•H s-v

<— » E

co r~

11

S 4J

tfl r-

r-l S

m

<U

-C X

C m

9 E

• cr«

13

4J 60

to o

E

CO — i

-H ,-s

U -H

a>

D. i-»

tfl »-

^I 4J

en in

<U 3

tO 4J

to (0

« X

CT\

C 60

S E

C 60

L to

CO tH

CO

to to

O «H

O

14

4-1 4-1

4J *0

9 u

5 -

U 3

U X

y u

J= 3

.n to

Q)

<U 60

0) (T3

u

U 60

.c -a

tfl *r4

CO N

t-< -a

u 0

*J c

C v-

C -H

CO C

(0 V-

o in

■H O*

B —

CM

CO

T3

g

to .-(

C -I

43

hi

a

U

2

0

I

k4 «-<■

|

318

•w

•o

•H

•v

J

3

J

3

•< .-*

<: --.

W

VO

01

vD

3

• r»

3

• r-

^H

4J ON

r4

*J 0>

CO

« -•

co

« —

J 3

01 >£

3 • r-

H U9

CO « — '

3

o

3

O

-J

M

OJ

IX

CJ

V

3

3

3

3
0

5

3

0

-a

*■*

^^

*■*

01

^s c

—i CO

j: u

3 C

en u

X. -a

CO

o

>»

• b

r^-

a

ON

u .

> 10

o .*

>.

■v g

a>

- .*

s

rH Cfl

o

•H

J

TO -

3 6

cr 3

CO

10

4J

» «

r-

C

•H O

m

<u

5 CXCTn

T3

O 0

^

0

x: *

u

u co

c

•H

at w

qj

.-)

QJ <H

A

1

l-> X.

U X)

01

at

c
o
a

at

3
C
•H

u

<T

<u

r--

(0

cr,

c

■H

>N

U

a>

1J

3

TD

r^

U

r"i

ON

X)

—

,_l

u

l-t

c

TO

OJ

E

CC

w

V-*

- at co

i-H Cfl 00

TO co o

QJ (D l-i

o — ■

o -■

J.

" c

a
o
u

CM

en

•a
c
ai
p.

CD

.*

^

M

i-t

3

«

^

CO

at

^

to

a.

QJ

(0

X

3

3

a.

U

3

a

*J

m

x;

(0

£

3

TO

C

o

c

0

CO

•H

3

■H

3

T3

x:

TO

TO

a

u

TO

TO

3

QJ

Cfl

.*

i-J

•u

M

j»:

(0

TO

QJ

u

•H

13

l-t

•o

h

OJ

CJ

CO

u

3

3

~-

u

W

CO

01

0)

i

a

_C

(A

l->

OJ

•o

C

M

c

o

o

3

>

TO

3

•H

f4

Q-

QJ

3

QJ

w

01

TO

TO

c

o

O

o

l-i

3
>

l-i

U

to

a

h

0

j:

u

•o

U

T3

&

00

M

(A

•H

3

u

t)

QJ

tfl

*->

Cfl

a.

o

•H

QJ

CO

rH

c

Id

s

CJ

3

a

(0

g

*d

CO

x:

u

CO

§

QJ

3

w

1-1

01

^H

>N

c

§

00

TO

>»

0

CO

CO

e

O

TO

3

>

4-1

o

(-

TO

TO

c

(0

CO

M

1

u

u

a

CO

•H

&

1

■H

CO

CO

U

CO

u

QJ

U

3

a.

M

a

*H

0)

a

<0

QJ

i-i

u

CO

a.

•a

CO

x:

<J

at

•H

TO

p

3

>i

u

CO

u

u

u

a

1

1

TO

3

3

TO

x:

U

■o

I-I

N

TO

x:

00

(0

a

CO

^1

CO

a,

0

0

•o

0

■o

0

0

c

X

00

^H

o

3

>

CO

■— (

•H

•H

js

•H

0

<u

QJ

at

1

01

b

1-1

o

C

o

TO

o

CJ

H

u

03

U

£

U

V)

u

o

*j

ad

V

•u»

03

l-(

CQ

•H

w

•H

C

(J

3

o

U

u

u

3

3

9

0

l-i

x;

0)

0

o

<

<

CO

CO

03

O

H

3-

N

U

319

u

o

J3~

C «J

C CO

■H -J

-h <r

u r^.

4-i r*»

w ox

(0 CT«

ft, ~4

0) ~«

C

c

>*

>^

■• fct

•- i-

T> Q>

-a a>

C 3

C 3

3 0

3 O

0 J

O J

t. ^-'

l-l N-'

u •

V- .

10 M

nj C

at a

a) n)

>4 <

>- ■-:

c -<

i aj

i- 3

n o

>• —

3

*

U) 0>
00m
O ON

4J at

U OQ

OB

11

4J

X

U

41

U)

Ul

C

u

o c

a .
rc a:

•a
<u

3

a

•H

AJ

c
o
a

•a

a;

3

d

o

SI

iH

4-1

c

4J

QJ

a, pa

0)

w

CO

U

(A

at

•a

■a

j-i

•H

•H

a

-C

10

0)

o

x ai

pa

•J-

4-. JD

ON

o

«

*"*

■o c

*j

4J

C fO

y

d

co

CU

0)

tfl

CO

pa

CO u

c
1-t

w

4-1 1-i

C 3

a

td n

tf>

4J

U-i

C

u

. ON

en m

4J ON

1 c

T< (0

-H (fl

-H CO

■H CO

C »H

C <U

C -i

C -H

co a

CO -H

Id

ca a

<d a

S-S ff-S

s^ u

^ ^s

i^ s*s

— . ON

m eu

\0 -*

O f-

^o C*n

r-> J5

rsi r-»

m «*

c
o
u

CO

■H

d

<u

1

a
3

3 *

I

5 6

6 5

320

u

00

c

pq co — I
: z ■—

3
O

1

3

O

—

CO oo

C

-I 0J
ffl J3

XI

3
C

M

0i X)

U-l

•O E

•h en

-a o>

a. o

«H m

w

■H ON

5 »h

- c

CO *H

- *j

4-) (0

a. c

U )-<

to o>

<u &o

en cq

CO

n

to

CO Psl

(0

M

kl

i- -a-

kl 4-t

01

01

0» ON

0) c

■o

T)

TD -^

■O 0)

•H

*H

•H

■H 03

a

a

a w

CX^ •

to .->.

CO

to c

CO

CN

0)

U

- >»

CN

- CQ

• TJ

CO o\

en

<T

co ^

(0 o>

i-t f-l

4J

a>

4-1

4J o>

u

u

U CO

CJ CO

0) 4J

0)

01 0)

01

to c

(0

u

en -h

0) •

U u
>, C
E «

K if*
0) vO
13 r~

01 to
(0 T3
C lJ

■H

Cl

rd

o

C

■H

Efl

M

k

id

to

u

c
o
u

« eg to

to e o>

CO

cd o*

§ 8

J c

£ ja

E -H

•h Ed

3

C -

C — 1

•H t-i

(d u

cd a

-O 01

■H

E £

&-? 3

^s e*e

tfl 4J

CO U

sO <T

u o

r*- U-.

r-* cm

£2

<3 X>

to u

3
I

a u —

c

I

321

3

o
-J

3
o

o c
V) co

CO T3

10 ^
C 00

en .-*

C M>

■H -J
0>

u oo

en o>
c —

a

C

w

fl

a

tfl

M

u

vO

u

n

T3

3

•S

4J

a
o
o

05 ON
U <?

T3
0)

3

•5

•u

a
o
o

6 c

•H CO

d ^

CO &

o o

-* -O

CN 00
vO C*>

^ 3 cu
-J O P3

CN

-a-

•a

c

c n

322

u

*4~l tH

o >

P- u

at

3

o

3

0

0

J

CO QJ

J

c u

o c

co «

^

4-1

to -a

CO

u

9

■a

r-l

3

00 On

3 <r
-a on
3 — '

c

ffl

0

•*

■H

o>

a

V-

o

*J

u

c

0)

u

o

ca

■o

*— '

•H 3

it u

XI

aj

3

a

•H
*J

C
O

a

-a

3
C
•H

4J

c
o
u

o -t
*o a

a,

at

CO

M

o

i-

(U

at

(A

X-

c

h e

c
6-« to

at n) o

CO

en u m

C O

-O

to m

CO

4-t a\

>> 60 4J

u ^

■h a c

01

4J ^ m

CO 4-t

co 3 aa

C C

O O *-'

•H 0)

0 CO

pq

CO

.. . T3

*-* CO 0)

•-t CO

co oi at

13

B T3 CO

•H at

■S E

c a *

CO *H C

CO M-l

.H -H

B*S .H CO

6^S T3

in B 60

o c

CTi CO

CO o

>. to

o m

.-H (U

B o\

4-1 *H

3 .-<

a u
« w
-> o
■— e

CSI

V
M

00

01
ISO

vO

-a

c

a.
a

c
JS

323

B

•h -a

J5^

3

o

iJ

3
O

3
o

w ra
CO -a
l e

X!

U

3

•5

c
o
a

X)
0)

3
C

D,

^,

CO

<— >

in

o>

(fl

*-*

u

u

a)

c

DO

01

C

PQ

o fl

O <*>

X m

X u-i

3 cr

3 CT.

u

4-1

a) 4-t

Ul U

o E

o c

e ai

6 01

.H 03

-H CQ

-3-

vO

■a

M

a)

TJ
00

to

c

M

00
01

u

0)

a

u

01
M

CO

3

01

co

0)
U

co

3

TJ
0)

§

0

It

<o

a
u

3
M

0)

.£1

3

at

CO

c

CO

u

■H

M
CO
3

CO

E

(0
a

(0

j=
u

0)

at

.o
u

CO

CO

u

e

cO

>

n

B

0)

1-
CO
3

TJ
0»
TJ

Cfl

CO
0)

3

01
CO

CJ

M
0)

3

cO

CJ

B
ft
B
a
■a

■8

(0
3

tj

01

u

<e

0

u

JZ

c

01

u

>

B
0)
01
M
M

TJ
0)
4J
CO
O

u

J3

rU
1

J*
CJ

cfl

CQ

0

o

CJ

CO
-H
TJ

0)

,c

CO
3

CO

CJ

CO

3

u

0)

iH
JO
U
CO

3

C
CO

B

CO
•H

O

B
00
CO

e

01
J3

3

CO

CO

CO
B
O
li
O
(J

c

•H

i

01

.-1

PG

ca
u
o

>

1

01
Ul

en

0)

c
c
a>

H

(0

o

>

e

u
1

0)
00

d
<o

M

O

co
u

o

>

1

>

U)
CO

z

co

3
1*

£

0)

h
o
z

CO

CJ

•rl
0
Vj

•a

c

3

3

0

0)

>•

CO

u

•H
0

tj

B

3
B
U
(0
0)

u

CO

CJ

O
M

tj

B

B
CO
01

J
t-i
01

o

co
u

o
u
tj

B

1

3

0

rH

<-t
01

CO

CJ

1-1

o
u
tj

B

CO
u

0

ft

TJ

B

a*

Q

0)
M

fO

CO
U

o
u

TJ

C
0)

a

3

J*

O
CO

03

CO

CJ
-H

o

U
TJ

B

O

c
oc

5

CO
(J

O
M
XJ

B
01

01

>

4)

>

0)

>

CO

a.

0)

S

at

a

OJ

a

01

a

a

a

U EC

324

01

3

01
3

3

00

3
o

o

O

<

3

hJ

J

-J

<

V

s-'

••

>.

>.

h

>>

4J

*

f

<

i

1

1

U

o

1

u

u

M

M

oc

9

J*

£

3

3
<

a)

3

3
O
►J

CO

■■

3 fl

01

o m

u

C cy*

01

C -i

TD .-v

o

00

O m

3

-v

Q- m

0)

(0 Ox

a)

•H — «

w

>s 4J

1

3

e c

CO

01

c
It

•a

3

c

•H

c
o
o

3
C
•H
•U

C

o
o

o
■§

O «-l

U

6

^ CO

H

"H C

3 -

4J CO

£ 10

Wl 3

4-» TD

O •-*

1- a)

E rH

to m

»-• O

at to

co B

^N

J2

CO

tO

-a-

1-4

CO

J3

CO

3

h

at

-H

CO

3

C

M

M

01

4-*

x:

CO

CO

3

l-i

0

M

0

01

to

c-

s —

u

xi

to

4-1

3

a

u

XI

CO

0)

>

.H

CO

X>

o

rH

CO

E

0)

a

u

M

01

-C

4-)

c

1— <

1

XI

OJ

h

CO

1-1

CO

h

OJ

u

3

tO

01

to

H

tO

^H

u

4J

CO

h

X)

14

1-1

cfl

(0

j3

CO

0)

■o

01

h

4-1

X)

c

3

■H

4-1

CO

h

iH

a>

to

t-i

<0

4-1

3

J3

4J

e

(0

cfl

vO

(0

1

to

M

tfl

U

CO

a

U

01

H

u

3

(0

OJ

3

•H

U

3

g

X)

rH

X)

C

CD

u

tfl

u

XI

■v

(0

O

4-1

■H

(0

(0

3

>

0

&

0

M

■H

u

■H

rH

01

M

3

CO

0)

4-1

at

u

-Q

CO

CJ

3

00

h

0

(0

x:

tfl

l-i

•H

(J

CO

H

*^

(0

*->

3

M

0

01

3

B<

CO

CO

CO

c

<0

«

*j

H

«4-4

3

ex

3

4-1

oi

a.

X)

to

CJ

CO

l-i

v-

T3

>

tfl

-H

o

«H

4-1

01

&

1-1

to

e

3

U

o

£

1

c

Ch

c

u

4-1

U

O

CO

Ss

CO

>.

CO

OC

y

e

tfl

§

to

0

(0

OJ

to

(0

CO

•H

c

CO

>>

0

0)

CO

(0

C

M

•H

c

u

u

a.

CJ

1-1

oo

u

J3

01

•H

iH

CO

J3

01

4-1

o

a.

C

a.

U

D-

tfl

E

•H

M

1-1

X)

(0

■H

CO

en

XJ

3

CO

J2

c

4-1

i

o

J2

>,

>>

3

>^

E

<u

o

o

U

o

j=

In

3

C

3

4-1

4-1

c

e

4J

rH

u

c

M

i-H

u

(0

kl

5n

a

OJ

U

QJ

u

l-i

h

3

o

(0

1

o

0

X

J3

c

XI

3

0

Xl

e

01

a

tfl

•a

d

03

to

CQ

o

4-1

1

3

&

3
•H

0

z

3
•H

3

g

3

c/>

o

3

4-1

o

1-4

4-1
0

o

o

4J

o

01

4-1

O

£

CO

rH

<3

0)

o

0)

OJ

OJ
C/l

0)

to

CU

_3

OJ

Cu

01

o

01

o

01
O

•H
3

325

u

u

M

X>

u --*

oi

at

•^

QJ XI

JZ y-s

j=

P*-

x: <r

*-» X>

<u

CT»

u ri

CO -J

n)

CO CT*

ot r*.

at

OJ ~<

3 <t*

3

>>

3

U

=N

B ►.

B

3

5 u

U 0)

CO t-

d

0

« 3

3 o

3

-J

3 9

3

rij

c S

C

B >->

•H J

•H

a)

c

OJ

•O

-o

3

■a C

C 00

C

"->

C 3

3 C

3

1

3 "5

O n

0

>,

O

M ^

t-i

1

U C

I a

1

1 i-l

U CO

u

M

CO

CO

c

CO C

0) c

QJ

tl

01 t-<

>,-H

^

o

>. 0

XI

XI

01 00

ai

OJ

> c

>

oo

> 60

■H -H

■H

c

•H C

4J *J

4-1

3

u 3

3 1

(J

O

U O

<

>,

< ><

tl

[JL,

3

•a

T)

o

at

at ^

J

OJ

at x>

u

1- -3"

Xi --s

jd r-

XI

(JN

00

.- ^j-

3

T3 r-*

-a

<

C C*

C Sn

1

3 — '

3 1-

O

O 01

i-H

M >.

n 3

3

1 U

1 o

*-J

<u a>

U J

n) 3

CO ^s

C

OJ 0

0>

■H

>, J

>. ■

£S z§.

3

5

T3
<L>
3
C
•H
4J

a
o
o

3

o

c

-a

3

c

•H
4J

c
o
u

CM

vO
X

-a

§
p.

<

>

OJ
V-

XI

e

■H

■H

E

0)

0)

M

4-1

0

(A

J3

3

326

3

0

-J

00

>N

U

3
<

s

4-1

.

.

.

a.

u

1*

>

QJ

nJ

Q.

o

C/3

£

<

z

O0 4J

o> <u

4J TD

c oj

<l) ai

a

• T3

en oi

aj

00 0>

a)

01

3 3

H

4-1 CO

J3

M

C <-H

3 -

1-.

(0 -H

o c

OJ

d

CO -H

XJ

* C

cfl

en en

* 1-

QJ

01

^ DO

B

.— 1 •■

U

O

4-i en

0) n

(0

OJ )-<

-o «1

OJ OJ

•H QJ

xi -a

D. -H

w

•H

co u

en

O

u

r*«

u

u

en

en

c

a>

•H

>

T3
0)
3
C
•H
4-1

c
o
u

<T>

CO

.— «

4-1

u

4-1

QJ

c

CO

QJ

c

CC

•H

"- '

S-.

CO

H

T3

W 00

C m

CO 05 n^

S Ul 3

•H U

C » ^

rd en

^5 T) -H

O OJ -H

r-t a 3

-a
c

•H

4-1

c
o
o

~3-

d
a

327

Of c
W 3

*T3 *-»

o 3

I

M -v

3

^3 A

o

<t

J

• » r*

13 CJ\

a -«

3

e

o >,

a

u u

►i

i a>

i

u 3

CO O

u

3

3

3
O

T3
QJ

TD
3

iH

a
c
o
u

>J

* r-

0) a*

o — '

*e

• a)

« J

m

X

•H

<D

Ou
Ou

<

a
o

u

o

3

328

rH
PM

u

CU
•rl
C

at
u

cu

x:

•rl
XI
CO

<U

3

4-1

CO

CO
P4

cu

CD

a

•H

CO
CD
4J
CO
U
X>

cu

4J

u

CU

>
>

•rl

Q

c
cu

CO

cu
u
a,

<D

ro

•H

•a
c
cu
a

00

2

3
0

O

-H

X

a

329

<0 01

c o

o c

to rc

« -a

HI c

« 3

W •• *J

■o XI £

OJ U QO

(U W -H

DO
3
XI

B

00
•H

3

T3

a

o

■a

3
C
•H
4J

c
o
u

•ol

°\

cl

c

r»

cfl

in

•H

Or

X)

■H

J=

4-1

CL£

§

DC

3

•H

w
O

U v0
(U -J
CD (^

tfl r»

M

cfl r-

m

01

C u-i

- a»

■a

Cfl CT\

0) <— '

q

&.r-.

^ 4-1

tfl LO

Cfl 4-t

ffl J=

a*

e j=

C 00

li 00

Cfl -H

Crt

o t*

M

4J 4J

3 k

»- 3

u .c

X 3

ai

QJ 00

u

a
o
u

aj

01

c

S

a

«

u

w

01

H

•H

cfl

i-t

.-

00

to

U)

3

M

■o

h

<u

i

3

n

73

0

«

0)

h

•H

•H

o

-C

8-

(A

s

330

-o in

3 U 4-4

tD u-i

-O <*-4 -H

"O o>

o a; ^

tO ~->

^ j: -a

>

U (J <-H

c c

C 0 -H

M -H

m a: s

a. u
o

1 8

0 c

01 9)
Ul 3

T3

3

a

a

o

C

r^.

CO

to<?>

4J

•O-H

-C

(0

(fl

OO

O u

c

•H

uj:

CO

l-l

oo

h

3

*-H

3

to tu

C

M^

(0

to

to

QJ

00

-o

•o-a

>-H

3

CO

c c

J3

o
u

eg to

1

o

CO *-»

CO

to

«-• J

ai

CO OO

u

tO -H

tfl^->

to

•H

V4

Jdf--

■a

E

-3

torn

o

x:w

3a>

D.

to

to

Wl

•H tfl

.-1

u

u-i -a

0 4.)

b

at

)-.

E-C

>^

•a

oo

£

c

to .O

•fl

CO

4-t

(A 1-

»

B

U >H

O03

en

td

0) <H

3

E„

.H

cn cfl

JDT3

nj

C E

3 C

ON

(0

■H 0)

0 (0

3m

to

jrav

4-)

4J"-<

Efl

cn to

»,c

h

00

JrfH

to 00

CO 4-1

0

CO CO

4J«H

a s:

1-.

a E

U 1-1

oo

U-I

i— i E

■US

-i (0

tfl*-'

(A t-i

O E

c

O03

,n

e

•H CO

3

(fl/~S

T3

HTJ

■HP--

■fH

- »-

W C

u-nn

to eg

cn co

(0

o\

E e

u to

e n

^ -H

tO 4-t

to

o

OH

uj:

4-1 4-1

3 •

3

V oo

CJX

x to

.£ 00

QJ-H

0) 60

4-1 OO

■U C

'/ t-i

tfl-H

m o

t-< 3

C3

C l-i

CO 1-4

CO O

•Hw

■H3

0) M-4

0) >*

O (N
o a*

(0 -H

•a

3

•5

■u
C
O

a

c>

T3

C

QJ

a.

<

•H U

2

331

3 • i-
pa (0 ~<

; 2 w

3
O

3
O

3
O

EJ3

1

0)
3
C
•i-l
u

ti

o
o

T3
0)

1

g

en ^

W O

O lA

0> CT\

CO ~*

c

u

V-

^-v

01

eg

o

in

O

u"i

c

cr

"H

CO

~"

>%

Ctf

4-1

3

c

4J

-c

oi

B]

3

pa

0

o

B

CO

(0

-a

en

<D

2

0)

0)

to

-H

CD

C

a

<0

c

1-t

M

iH

4

r-»

t-

u^

E

00

CO •-.

M 00

cu in

T3 O^

D. CO ^

to ^

DC

CO Hi

CO

t-

c

c pa

c

U

•H

01

en en

c TO

CO

4-1

co E

E

c

•H

«H

oj

C

-fi -

C

^

to

J= ^

(0

a

e^

a 3

5-5

m

tn

§£

(N

aO

in

t*l

sO

CO

CO

g

4J

CO

T3

h

en

3

ffl

3

M

•H

TJ

CO

01

00

O

M

U

CO

XI

(0

Ui

DO

3

j^

c

en

M

0

CO

3

^!

cfl

X

-
C
(0

(0

w

c

cQ

J=

CO

>

0)

u

3

■J3

Oh

4J

■H

1-t

CO

h

(0

r-i

X

4J

3

•H

3

o

CO

V

B

M

0)

4J

a.

•H

ji

u

u

s

U

5

N

n

0

^H

CO

CJ

o

c

U

CO

r-l

■H
X

0)

E

01

t-t

0>

3

•H

a

U

CO

(0

CO

4-1

•l-l

t-l

0

•H
4-1

o

M

&

&

■3

e

01

X

3

0

0

0

W

>

T3

oa

CO

u

.H

CO

h

0

a

s

0

•o

M

M

1-t

u

CO

^

c

O.

<0

CO

0

(0

01

01

<0

l

.c

S

3

0

CO

CO

>>

CO

■H

h

T3

0)

3

c

CO

>.

E

a

X

M

a

eo

D.

u

u

CO

3
H

n

CJ
03

3
&

a

a

a

0)

3

JZ

>

CO

•H

0

CO

K",

C

CO

E

c

01

■a

X

en

3
00

0)

i

CA

CO

3

u

0)

a

c

•O

c

CO

h

en

u

So

01

en

a

>,

0

01

0

01

3

3

CO

ffl

3

>i

B

0>

en

to

3

•H

1

00

3

0

H

i

3

h

CO

JZ

0

Of

u

•H

I

3

£

00

*-<

3
U

u

5

3

4J

u

a

00

S

E

3

u

3

Q

01
CO

3

0

s

u

0

CO

E

3

to

3

CO

0)

OJ

pa

u

Ot

u
u
o

5

en

3

a:

CO

3
Ed

0)

l-l

CQ

2

5

4J

3

co

a

J?

CJ

3
U

332

-H

■o

■H

*o

hJ

3

-J

3

<^

< ~

at

vO

01

sO

3

• r*

3

■ r^

<-H

4-»ON

*J o>

CO

«-H

pa

nj ^

z

Z^

r

2. *—

-H T3

< ^

01 \0

3 . r-

H WO>

CO CO ^

-J

8

<r

-o>

r-~

OJ -.

o>

>

0 *x

U U

>>

01

M

e »

V

3 O

£

O J

o

*. —

ij

*J

CO •

M

■a co

u

C £.

a

3

0)

(A

u

OJ

c

CO

H

(0

TO

J-

en

OC

o

o

14

(0 w

J! w

3 C

ca o

o
- u

■o

to

1-

•H

-H

i*-i

.a

u

H

CO

o

c — .

j=

cO r-

ca

01 m

o a>

CO — '

to

u

<-H

CO 4->

•H

3 C

CO

!-• at

u

U CO

CO

CO CO

4-1

4-i ■— i

T3

a;

3
C

c
o
u

x> u -.

CD 0)

O tJ C

jr a. ai

C
o
o

^ *o

CO

at

3

at

3

-a

0

c

E

0

a

n

g

IJ CM

£

C CT*

■H

CO

c

tfl

0.

B

e^e e^s

at

et r-

02

— '

X

=5

6

C

3

CO r-^

co r*

O m

3

0- o>

0

O ^

A

• 4-1

o

CO c

0)

4J 0)

OJ

■H CO

l-

A ^

cj

^0

■H CT\

C C -H

Jj -.

CO «H

V4 -

t-t 4J

* 0) 10

r-t C

H CO M

15

CO CO O

at co i-

(0 w

u a^

■H

ca

^

s

V-

1

(0

c

3

tu

cr

at

V)

CO

u

■d

00

M

•H

CO

ja

u

en

00

0)

T3

c

£

U

o

a

(0

0

J3

CO

tx

-X

3

u

O

a>

4-»

■H

-^

6 > a -h

CO

J«i

CO

en

*H
CO
4-1

c

■H

CO

3

CO

CO

X.

j:

>>

U

p
o

CO

CO

at

■H

at

CO

3

■H

3

»

cq

to

CO

u

3

CO

3

01

t->

TD

u

^

CO

5

■H

(0

&

t-l

3

pH

-H

3

o

CO
U

3
4J

4-1

CO

3

CO

01

c

0)

a

S

e
at

j:

C

o

j=

CO

3

u

CO

CJ

•H

to

U-i

•H
l-l

•H

at

ct

0.

c
u

0)
X
4J

u

3
CO

CO
01

u
to

.C
JJ
CO

1

4J

CO

4-»

1

u

CO

CO

M

4J

CO

c

0

0

y

CO

a

T3

CO

e

CO

C

0)

c

i

0)

CJ

■

U

at

at

c

■8

3

at

E

5

3

3
U
CO

1

01

jit:
u

3

CO

>.

Ml
CO

o

u

0)

4-1

u

CO

1

&

CO

—
to

i-i

a>

4J

o

•H
U

l-l

at

a
o

0
C_>

•in
0

at

4J

tfl

JJ
1

"0

at

CO

CO

0
0)
4J

0
CO

e

s

CJ

CO

3

o

X

J=

CO
M

&

CO
ccj

CJ

«

c

0

JO
3

•o

3
<

01

a

0

u

I-i

60
0)
1-

«

O
U

0

o

c

H
I-i

at

CO

a
en

0

u

S

CJ

<

4

3
as

3
CO

■H

c3

CO

to

ct)

u-

333

o -j

u r~

e -i

3
O
,3

3

6

i
u

1

u

^-v

u

a*

CM

tn

(0

— '

.„.

4J

a

c

B

oj

CO

cc

(0

MT3

■a

(M

c

o*

«

■"*

to

4J

M

C

to

0)

3

cc

rH

O

-o

1

CJ

T3

a)

3

(X

OJ

CO

>

«

u

00

i-H

4->

o

c

CD

at

to

0)

c

1-

>H

00

*

^

(0

«

-*

•a

to

u

3

m

^

to

-H

8

ar

I

c
o

c

[fl

M

U

01

.X

.c

CN

3

SO

JJ

•H -O
C 0>

co at
3

t-> C
O CO

CJ ^

0) £
[fl cfl

•H

u

B

>s

o

to

OJ

t~

to

4-1

c

C

a

0)

■K

•rf o.

-a

c

a

I

I I

10 -H

334

I

to <u

c
o c

3

o

3
o

I
u

I

0)

3
C
•H
4J

c
o
a

tu

mm

to -*

tf)

c

D

s< r*

(0 *->

f> CM

QJ C

• Ov

U 11

0 n*

(N ^H

CO CO

E CN

t>0

OC W
01 u

■a

(U

3
(3

c
o
u

CO

ro

a

*

s u

3

C m

h

o >-'

DO

3

.C 01

4J *J

Ul

V. c

e

cu a

^-

0) ^-t

o

a.

3

>>

*

-i x

*-»

*j «

U

c/3 u

a

O (0

<u

E E

e

C

rH

cd

c

^H

fll

a

M

s-s

oa

(N

r*

CI

jz *a
a. at

ro en

QJ QJ

C *J

r-|

W

r3

-o

i

a)

en

<u

Cfl

B*«

^^

O

^>?

r-»

o

o

o

£

^H

«

3

E

g

o

[fl

3

335

i-l i-t o

pa « — ■

o

0

: to

r w

*J

4-1

01 •

w •

■H 13

■H T3

-J 3

.J 3

<

,-^,

< ^

01

\D

0) vD

3 •

r-

3 • r^.

•H 4J

a*

rH *J <J\

aa «

m to — •

r 2

*■*

r z ^

01
3

U

g

01

s

o

I

o

o

-J

' — '

*~s

w

M

>-

4J

4-»

S

1

o
o

1

u
o

1

3

0

3

c
►5

so

3
<

T3

3
C
•H

4J

c

0

o

to c
u a)

u CQ

w

PQ

M

0)

-a

Efl

01

a. -^

(A

l-<

u

■c

01

c

XI

C 01

-a

3
B
•H
•U

s* e-«

CO

— i CT»

o

\0 t*l

s

00 <N

o-i

x

•H

c
a)

I

i

3

336

0) /-v

C ~cr

3
o

-H U

n) oi

C J3

- u

CO CD
CO £1

3

3 C

O C3

T3
0)

3

•5

•u

C
o
o

T3
(U
3
C
■H
■M

c
o
u

01 s-s
U <N

-H

en

Vj OO

C

M-) -J"

H
rH

u

o

t-H

U 4J

1

J

c

t0 PQ

u

e

T3 w

en

3

M

Q

tn w

E

e-5

N «

1)

ii

W

cq

c

•H

to

u

tn

•H

M

fl

U]

^

a

u-»

— i

XI

o

C

E

fl

CO

•

vO

•H

•a
c
<u
a

3

u

w

co

o

0)

3

-o

en

c

en

B

4J

C

en

h

■H

o

o

01

>>

«

en

xs

XS

s

T3

u

tn

X)

C

)-

u

O

•H

R

60

01

en

i->

t

c

>

01

en

c

c

3

>>

o

41

CO

O

*J

0

■H

•H

■H

C

(13

a.

3

c

x:

T3

en

0

•o

c

fl

u

^

M

•H

U

3

o

■H

u

01

3

M

3

01

H

u

U

0

■o

0

X>

0

c

H

4-1

>,

3

10

O

4J

c

~H

H

a

0

§

u

M

4J

o

4J

0

W

U

x:

0

x:

01

3

c

r-*

fl

fl

M

en

tn

13

(13

•H

i

0

M

n

CO

s

<Q

en

01

ac

u

X)

U

fl

eg

3

43

a

cj

oi

E

01

3

«

3

5

>,

E

u

6fl

c

fH

h

3

en

3

M

u

u

U

d

M

fl

fl

1

fl

fl

U)

ai

(fl

01

X)

c

>,

01

>>

K

0

•H

0

o

01

u

u

0

x:

■o

£

-o

01

£

-=

01

a

jC

en

■o

E

u

QJ

p.

«

0

4J

0

4J

0

4J

00

4J

01

>%

en

u

c

0

c:

M

^H

M

c

0

M

0

•fl

1

B

h

u

fl

3

0)

fl

3

fl

u

4J

O

&o

0

3

a.

0

u

CO
0

O

CO
0

3

&

3

u

en

01

0

z

1

u

1

fl

■H

0-

t-i

0

u

u

u

H

e

cj

1

3

a

3
H

337

3

O

-1

3
0

-J

»
O

1-.

•ri

*

<ti

ja

CO

01

■a

OJ

Efl

ii

£

C

n

09

n:

•H

T3

14-1

X)

0>

>

■H

O

eg

X

3

M

a

u

E

■

<D
3
fl
•H

■u
C
o
o

o

a
•a

B

a at

CO

CO .-»

c

•H

- *->

(0

to a.

h

to

4J QJ

O0^-s

4-*

U 1-

CO

u

at

•• m

a)

CO *

*j cr\

(A

c to

c —

c

H bC

a

•H

3

.H 4J

.. &

a c

-i 3

01

■H

§ ?.

6*4 QQ

o ^

§

•H

r*»

C •

CO

c

(0 to

•- p

n

OJ

OJ

u

ta

w

„

to

c

M

•H

OJ

cfl

o

c

CO

nj

H

i-H

03

Q.

...

6*4

to

O

u

P-

o

0)

DD

tfl

c

Oi

>

e ai

tfl to w

n) to

0) T3

6*4 T» <H

n v m o. 3

E
o

tfl r-N

0

M

0J

e

60

0)
CO

H

10

.. CO

1

ta

4-1 MO

0)

C Ov

-H

0)

tfl -<

c

(0

f-t

(0

a <-)

ta

c

■>?

0)

s*4 a)

o

0)

fM CQ

3

CJ\ *~-

£

E

O ^v

O

CO CO

(0

vO

.» <J\

to — «

(0

u

«J

(J 4->

<J

at c

0) ^

W 0)

to CO

C CO

C vO

■H 0>

>, to

>".

*-t ta

•—i 4»»

*j o>

4-> C

to 0)

to 0)

i w

O CQ

E —

XI
0)

i

•H
4-1
C
O
U

s

a>
ex
a
<

338

01

<D

U /-N

u ^-«

u o

u o

a

d

so u
".I

o ™
I u

00 V-

>,

u

U-l

O

>

(0

4J

M

u

m

<

<u

PL.

u

o

A

0)

c

u

0

c

«

rt

<d

-a

OJ

c

W

3

X;

<

C o>

3 -i
O

1- >-.

I ^

1- 0)

« S

a) o

§5

u

£1

■H

<r

-a

a*

4J

to

0

>>

e

u

0)

u

•a

o

c

i-J

s

o

u

1

>

M

o

«

z

c
o

*o

c

Efl

tfl

^

b

CO

aj

t£

XI

crv

CL

w

ij

C

(U

a>

E

02

o

^

3

O

-I

13

3

c
o
o

a <r

a)

3
C

en
sl-

•H
T)

e
<u
a.

<

•H

o

O.

u

tfl

B

o

•H

t-H

J

01

35

I- rH

o n
u

CO

£ 3

at «

in «H

■3 S

O R-

O (0

339

o >

in u

.* o

m <

0) ^-N

J3 -J

0) --^
M .O
^3 <r

•h 3
u O

c

a->

to

-i

0)

to

•a

-a

■H

I

CO 0)

o> u

>> c

>

•H (U

4-1 4J

(J (0

to o

73

<T

C

r»

3

T-

O

M

1
M

&

cd

Ot

<u

^

>,

o

u *-.
J3 <T

C t>

•H V

3 9

T3

-a

3

rH

a

c
o
u

00

c

o

CO

4-1

^-v

4J T3

01

t>0

cO

-O

O -H

to

00

U

-<r

U t-i

c

0)

r*.

pq

•H

u

a*

• o

"O

Ot

w X

u

X

to

-H

4J

?s

Xl 13

4-»

.a

0

U

x> c

-rH

Ol

en co

.n

3

M

Xi

0)

o

^

CO /-N

(1) .Q

00

-1

a oi

H ^

•H <T

m

e ^

-J

Wi r*»

.n

nJ -H

* r-

Ol ON

M

in

3 a:

01 CJ\

4-1 ^H

(0

3

tfi w

o — •

§ *

&0

O

- 4-t

1 ».

u

O

CO (0

b

4J 01

C

>

•H t-i

- at

C 3

■H

•H

w- ^

2 g

CO o

nj

4-1 0)

.H J

M

3 2

CO -1

a.*-'

00

O

c e

U *— '

e *-%

- -j

CO .O

to r»

<T

c o>

* r*

CO ^

to a*

•H

4J •-*

.Q ^

u

•H U

0) >»
to {-■

O. 3

c cu

E O

m

X f-H

340

c

•H
CO
H

eu

u
<u

•H

c
cu
js
u

0)

e

•H

J3

cd
su

T3
iH
01

•H
Pn

CU

a

•H

as
cu

■u

T3

g

•H

c

O

o

to

cu
u
CO
M
J3
OJ
4-1

CU
>

CU
>
•H

4->

CO
4-1

e
cu

CO

cu

a
cu

ai

e

CU

a

05

3

E

A3

(S3

x:

§

a

CQ

o

— i

4J

33

0

1

z

(A i-H

i *

3 £|

341

ar-
il) m
en o^
l —

u n c

tx^.

JZ W

r-i

i

•a

<U

w

3

.

C

r-

to

■H

•a

•U

rt

o

e

4-*

IJ

o

£

«

o

00

x:

■H

M

H

-H

3

«n

X)

a)

3

•5

■U

c

a. c

a c

A

cfl

S^ —)

S*5 <-\

c*i Q.

o a

m

&s»

fr*

.. 00

•• Q*»

<U 00

0) 00

•H •■

■H •■

C *-»

C *J

a> ■h

0) r-i

> 3

> 3

3 "O

3 -O

t-i nj

•r— i fl)

■a

ex

C

O

E

01

E/3

u

a

w

j

o

c

H

s

I

342

i>

u

14-1

■H

o

>

■H

10

-j

M

U

«

<

0)

A*

M

Q

EO

a>

c

o

o

c

to

c

ffl

-j

0)

C

[/J

3

XI

<

-o

■a

•a

C

c ^

C *-*

C --v

to ^.

nj *-t

(fl 4J

iT 4-1

4-1

a

a

a

>. a

>>-h

tS-H

>%-H

^i «H

x u

.* 1-

.*: v-

CO u

If) u

(0 U

to u

c o

c «

c to

c to

•H CO

•H 3

•H 3

•H 3

x: 3

X C

x: c

x: C

to c

S g

(0 flj

to (fl

3 cfl

3 e

3 B

z e

s

s:

X

w -a

•— -o

-~* TJ

XI

ai

ai

OJ

• aj

• X.

• x.

• x:

*-* XI

4J W

30 CO

4-1 0}

D. (0

o ^

3 -H

U -H

<D «H

O -1

< ^H

O ^H

CO .-H

1 J2

1 XI

1 XI

1 X>

■ 3

• 3

• 3

• 3

u. a

u a

1- D.

H (X

1 §

a c

< 3

5 §

5 §

o
u

a

c

x

•H

C

a)

ex
a
<

tfl cr>

-a

OJ
3
C
•H
4J

o
o

o r^

U u~t

X

*o

^

c

o

Cfl

IT.

*->

x:

CO

M

T3

<U

3
C
•H

jrf

4-1

cfl

x:

C

60

to

iH

V4

1-

3

a>

XI

TD

4J

C

o

cfl

CO CO

O -H

4-1 Tt

3 4^

U k4

x: 3

0j cfl

4-J

CO N

M -n

C H

tfl c

■.-1 rH

a> en

CO «
& CO

*

V-

CO

to

£

N

v-i

O

■H

3

XI

00

4-1

c

»-

3

(fl

0

OJ

?*,

343

o

o

r w

73 in

<u m

-a <?*

a —

•H TJ

3 • r*
.-< U CJ*

■H -O

J 3

3 • r-

aa co — '

CO cu
C
o c

n

•H
U

a
o
o

to

cm

4-1

CTN

u

01

tn

u

c

c

•a

i£>

«

r-J

u

er>

.c

4-1

GB

c

CU

»4-l

pa

10 CO

m

K< <-H

l-i -

cu a

CD CO

TJ
0)

C

u co

« CM

w e

CO CJ-*

3

a-

CO

b rH

J3

(J r-i

O 4J

cd

n

3 C

)-

o e

.e <u

o

x tn

4J cc

rH

u •-'

to -

(0

«— i

to

0) CO

g

.* -o

E

x ^

- ffl

10 *-*

co -h

.c e

*£>

■H XI

w e

* CM

IH

.-4 n

JC C*

*

CO — •

CO cu

-C

1

flj

r-H O

CO

tl *-.

•H -H

to

O sD

CD E

■4-1

CN

c

- o^

CO -

CO

10 — «

10

TJ

t— <

• cu

M

■rH 4-1

x: .*

B

(0

flj C

co eg

to

N

C <D

-H c

■H

10 03

u-« CO

c

i-i .-H

a

CO CO

iH iH

iH

DO 60

§ §

u

fO

=> 0

X

E

.-1 t-

CO CO

to

CO

CO »4-»

-H

CN

14-1

o-.

J)

4-1

J3

c

co

01

i-

02

u

*-*

fc

CO

-^

TJ

SQ

u

■H

U-.

J2

>

co

■a

■x

Ul

u

■a

c

u

u

CO

111

N

ai

H

.H

.

„

w

CO

w

bO

c
o
u

-a-

CO

•H
T)

a
a
<!

u ro

J3 OJ

o J
X

o

Q
3

344

T3

B

<d

<

3

o

0)

D
C
•H

O CN
O CT*

0J W
c to

c

O
O

T3
0)
3
C
•H
4-1

c

O

o

rH

<u

at

O

rH

E

„

en

X

en

3

3 nj

4-1 £

.. ^

to

u.

■^

W U3

en

00

c

■U 3

to

CO

C rH

u

CO rH

oc

en

&-e

■H O

01

o ^

a. e

<±-l

oo

~-« m

o

T)

rj

>> -

01

■ - <?>

i-H W

EQ

tn

*-» -H

rH 4-1

T3

en

O CJ

OJ

en

g£

JZ at

01

CM

3 en

tn

o

e

01

c

to

- pa

4-i -H

Ps

tn •*-*

tn

U

a.

u

O 01

4-1

C

at j=

E £

tn

01

^

xi tn

rH O

O

m

o

a -h

ft) tn

E

■*-*

CT>

4-1 <4_

S c

C -I

^

XI

tn

OJ

3

ID

3

rH

-a

g

4J (M

E

C CJN

CO -t

C

rH

Efl

a *j

c

, :

s^s at

m

r^ pa

rH

CO <-^

345

6
II
at

3 • r-
z Z — '

-J

3

J

3

j

3

J

3

< ~

< ^

< ^

< ^

0)

\D

01

n£>

01

vD

0)

\D

3

• r^

3

• r-

3

. r^

a

■ r-*

H

u on

.-1

4J On

U On

•-t

4J ON

w

(d —

03

co -h

03

(0 — •

03

co —

•z. ^

r

2: w

Z

Z ^

=

Z w

c

>

O S*.

c

o .
ui n

V C

in 3
<

s
o

Is
c

01

3
C
•H
■U

a

o
u

« n£>

CL

i-i

01 •

E

o

.-H ro

o

O -T

M

X

a— '

-C

in

T>

en

<o tn

00

*-» 0)

C *-s

en

en

p ft

» to

4-1

O CN

in to

u

>sOn

*_• ^

OJ

y 60

to

-a

OJ

c

C 4-1

CO T3

CO C

C C

0)

•h co

CO 03

to

T3 w

- en

^

3

tn -a

co

£i W

.* at

3

01

en o)

.. to

3 3

<*i

4-1 (A

^ -o

CM

O

c a)

^ c

On

E

(0 u

o o

*H 00

E a

a

u

C

1

• in

■r. to

01

l/J u

E 0)
U OC

03

tn

00 -H

0 *-*

o -a

■>

l- rO

3 0>

tn

14-i 3

to

e*s

1

tr

-j-

r-t (0

.-1 ••

o

CO 4J

vC

3

co u

E C

tN

E 0)

■H (0

CO X

C — 1

r—i

4-J

to a

M

§

- o

01

x:

9^ *^

X

•<-4

tn -o

o o

u

c

-H C

co r-

O

CO

y-. cO

3 e

.c

IM

CO

3

e"

00

cr

3

c

tn

tn --*

3

•H

tn r-.

o

.-H

o f»

>*

i

3

0

o — <

0
Efl

i

si

- 4-1

H

<J

tn c

ctj

OJ

U Z)

0)

•i-t 03

w

J3 '^

C

u

Si

0

to

en

to tn

-H

t- 4-1

l->

(J

U

tn

0)

.- CJ

«

r*-

-o

r—

a

tn tn

U

t*i

u

m

cy c

ON

■H

0>

d

C -H

>>

Xi

tn

-H

.-H

U '

'■«--

4J

i—i

u

01 to

CJ

B

^H

c

tn oc

■H

0)

to

01

«

tn o

X

A

E

CQ

0)

(0 ti

u

* —

en

'>- '

u

c >*-

.

•

u u

T»

iT

s:

■— -—

OJ

T3

«

X E

1-

■H

u

3

•H

IN

c

A

—t tn

111

•

—i a>

•H

C

tn

g^

s:

OJ r-

en 4->

Efl

(D m

ex

0

O ON

• 01

U

(0 -^

to U --v

tn

T5 r^

CA 4J

t^ *n

•H

3 C

•h en o<

id

U. 0)

Si U — '

1-i

U 03

0) 01

l-i T3 4J

O ■»-* C

to

in tn

s: a 0)

4-1

4J ^H

en en cc

o

(J (0

o

OJ E

u

tn E
C ft}

h n vi

tO 4J 4-»

— E

oj u n

tn

4J OJ -O

-^

tn

u

en «-t

-a c -

1 §

o to

00 •-*
c o eu

3

-h en 1-

tn

3 ^ v-

C

o tn

1 CO -H

0

en o)

C 3

u

0) •- a-

01

ft) -H

oi tn tn

£

4-1

00 u -

c

0)

•h en

CO

0

ti

■- J} u

^H

•r-<

tn oc o)

M

T3 C X

M

en

h o a

tn

CO

C

■H W O

?

■o

U

m

J3 00

t-

10

•H

>% ^1

>. 3 4-»

-2

^H O 01

00

*-» s:

*j -^ ji

i

c

en c

CO >- u

o

o

B

O (0 o

tn

3

to

vO

c

01

346

c
o
u

vO

— ■ u

— ' 3

• z

O w

u h*

3
O

3

C
o
o

o

0)
D
C
•H

in *

01 CO

> u

to

CO IU

u

<u -a

u

-— t -H

0) 10

a.

to a>

»* CM

X on

CO —•

Oi CN
OJ O
CO —i

W CN)

c

c

U M-.

*-i C

cd

CO

O) o

u — •

to

nJ

CO

C to

a u

T3

CO ^-v

•H T3

c

0)

£ ^O

tu

4-1 0)

01

1-. r-i

>. at

^ 0Q

CO

O CT>

.H CO

O ^

3 —

J-l

CO

CO -•

CO

CO

» *J

O *J

CO u

-13

OJ c

E C

C

re a)

rt

u o

o

60 CQ

O 5

t-J

^ """'

rH a

XI

a

a

XL — <

347

Q. >-<

3

3

O

O

o

H

►J

J

to qj

c u

0 c

>>

:*.

W (T)

CO -o

5

1

a> c

i

1

C/J 3

.a

tj

4J

<*

a

a

M

S

B

QJ

'.'.

ca

•

•

(A

MT3

QJ

QJ

OJ

T3

CN

B

a>

to

■~ '

(0

u

J*

c

(fl

QJ

3

cc

.-H

H

0

•o

i

cu

XI

a)

a

•H
JJ

c
o
a

QJ QJ
C -^

-a

0)

3

C

a
o
u

g «

o w

- CN

05 T3

01 ON

iH 01

^ -<

eo a*

01

(0

3 4J

rH C

to to

—1 (U

4-1 u

O 03

U (0

e *>■*

OJ t-<

01 CJJ

c

^H tO

t-4 a>

It

6

>> o

0) 0)

r-4 01

4J

at

.'1

•H 01

~ c

C 4J

C <d

0 c

at ai

3 to

o

.H

4-1 to

a> a.

tn *j

c

0 01

tH 01

6 3

>- e

•r-t CN

0) a^

C CN

CN

•H ON

- 0\

0) — I

>.

4-1

•H 4-1

U 4->

4-1 C

QJ C

01 01

o) 0)

o pa

c m

E ^

■H *— '

X
•H
X)

a

0)

&

(X

<!

6

a

348

u

t

T3

0)
3
C
•H
•U

c
o
u

§u

.c ^-*

V

4J r**

•> CO

0 tN

CO W

^s r-»

nj

<*"> CM

0) ^->

• ON

cj r-

CM ~H

co cn

CJ

W ON

W 4J

CO — t

XI

0)

3

C

c
o
o

0 u

« u

S C

tj to

JS «

O 3

4-1 ^H

o> cr

p a

eft <0

ID

c

CD J=

— 1 <4-l

w

o

Si >J

3 1

CO

(0 tft

ss

0 '—

0 0

E O

3 >-

-I C

nj cu
B as

a <u

c <u

e cu

cn cu

Pi ^

-3-

i— •

in

•H

•3

C
<D

a

P.

a.

a

(0

■H

■H

•H

■H

a

a

(0

a

M

cH

T3

T3

t-i

13

Ui

01

CO

— t

c

c

0)

CO

c— 1

c

01

CO

a.

3

0

CO

CO

ca

a.

U

cfl

a

o

■H

a,

u

(J

CO

•- .

(ft

<H

0>

0

CO

•H

■H

U

a

o

01

CO

a

a

CJ

•H

a

0

■o

(0

•u

a

'+-

■v

c

T)

*o

u

•o

"fl

■B

c

c

c

c

•H

3

01

cu

SI

la

c

?

a

CJ

0)

U

§

CO

(0

•H

a

a.

U

u

M

u

3

co

c

*o

CO

a

•H

rH

CO

a

•o

A

CO

(fl

1

S

a

«H

c

3

S

co

CO

0»

tH

0)

c

3

CO

3

B

(0

4-1

3

J3

E

CO

J=

(0

(0

01

CO

ft

e

CO

U

CO

CO

CO

u

cfl

(ft

CO

CO

1

to

CO

M

(0

c

CO

CO

X)

01

o.

•H

0)

•H

u.

•H

0)

•H

■o

•H

0

•H

•H

u

0)

1

•v

1

Ui

4J

l-

CO

u

u

U

M

M

■U

U

H

h

■u

•O

CO

*o

0}

•o

T3

*H

T3

CJ

"O

c

*o

CO

01

co

•H

■H

01

3

■H

01

-J

3

§

PQ

•H

01
Cu

■H

5

iH

4J
C/i

3
03

2

3

<3

=3

d

CJ

CO
CJ

CO

n5|

349

91

u ^
o o

r~ 3
• 33

O v*

0

O

o

= C/l

= C/l

= CO

u

4J

u

ID •

cn •

CO .

•H -0

■h -a

■H XI

-J 3

-J 3

,J 3

<

^^

<

^v

< ^

111

vo

V

NO

01 so

3 •

r*.

3 •

r~

3 • r-

-H AJ

o\

fH CJ

os

r4 U <T>

03 CO

co a

CO CO — I

r z

^^

- z

*-*

r z — '

It

<u

c

u

o

C

OQ

a

r(J

-0

CJ

c

S2

o

>.

1

U

cj

4J --v

3

D- CO

o

cu <t

-J

c/l r-~

on

>N

>N

s&

a

1 01

i

• 3

u o

4-J

a J

CJ

< *-*

O

a

CO

CO C
3 CD

.-i ca

o

c

CM

01

cn

CO

Ov

^^

^H

cn

u

on

e

o

o

u

CO

cu

■a
a)

I

c
o

CJ

■^

(NJ

-J

CT*

DO

*-»

U

w

<y

C

VI

<u

B

ca

-H >-* -H >-

•a

0)
3
C
•H
4-1

c
o
u

O W)

^H ••

en CN

X" c

IS

C -»

3 ro

■H 0>

•H

-H «

*-» X

C -H

>*

(ft t-(

ctj a.

f— 1 4-J

O X

o

*J C

B a-j

&-« &•«

(ft (U

CD §

ON

^ ON

o ca

■H

\Q e'-

e w

$s! u-t

s^ e*e

nD

ON ~-

ON flJ

00 — •

C
ai
a

2 2

ft

CSC CO

I

350

H U ON

c
-J

to oi

C _

o c

0)

-a

CJj

01

3

01

X

01

U

0

(/I

i->

u s-s

■H <T

co U

U CN

C*

0) <4-l

r^-

-a

aj

a> ..

co •*

00 4J

a 4-t

-H C

00 C

•H C

■H O

a) at

.H B3

(0 -H

*-n CQ

.H .H

■>

t-i

tfl

0)

DC X

3

X

tJ

s

c

o

aj

10

Ul

u

X

•H

tn

3

at at

(A CO

C *—

— < XI -H

a-,

-3

ON

O

<■

a on

(0

M

4J

>.

C

E

0)

Efl

XI

01
3
C

c
o
o

ai

3

C

C

o
u

CO

■H

c

*

4J -

M

cd

oa

U CO

U

0)

■o

01 13

01

u

CJ

CO t-i

X)

(0

0>

C -H

*.)

10

•H XI

*

CO

CO CM

x: c

^ a b
oo B at

u

at

a>

o

to

ij

CO

c

li-

>»

•H

CU

o>

at

j-

H

4_J

4-»

g

.

c

01

•H

to

CQ

c

-a

3

t->

CO

i-i

6^9

N

CO

•*T

■H

§

ON

H

*J CO

* CO

O C

Ul 0)

01 01

fS r«

H 0) 00 rH

c -o

C ^

C rH

(0 J-< i-J

co a.

cQ <U

(0 c

bfi

S-8 N 0»

S*5 fi-S

^S l-i

CO -H P3

o o

00 CO

■^ t-t w

-3- i£>

\D <H

X

•H

T3
C
Hi

a.
a
<

0
B
0

3

o v

a 3

< co

351

co co ^

Q

a

co

iH

U

>.

E

«

^

n

X

M

m

01

on

T3

— i

m oo
h in

- — . at

a)

CO O

en

U u"\

c

o>

en

>N

00 U

o c

4J

xi at

03

3 ca

Q

O w

B

en

(0

» T3

H

CO a>

0) 01

01 T3

u a

CO 0)

•h en

C 0)

3

tH OJ

l-( 01

<** B

-. -o

O

.-H 0)

.. Q

ffl 01

V

B 3

c •

CO 03

C «

■-H 4J

« C

a u

00^
60 00

at m

en co

T3 ■-!

* (0

o a

en t:

Q.

00 0)

(0 f-S

3 a>

■h r--

X; CO

ti -T

3

>s

O ID

B -

en 0)

J3

0)

• to

- 3

en -h

en

1- U-.

!-. -

01

0) e

T3 •-*

-O fl

•H W

•H Cfl

w e oo

a i-

en oo

0) CO >-H -•

1

a

CO

c

H

4

a

w

*•«

(M

oo

m

*c

x; T3

*J u

w — <

CO Xi

ta

01

-a
o

-a

- CO

o>

0)

CO CO

-r-t -H

en

-a

p

■■«-. X)

Of

■H

<o x:

0)

3

■U

i- a

a

CJ E
CO

J"

o

■H

u

a.

0)

01

•H C

u (0

en

a v-

4J

01 OO

u

u

cc

0)

m

in

- *->

o\

C

en c

00 CO

a ^h

4J

x> a.

c

3

0)

1

0 *>«

pa

en o

r*»

c

BO

CO

0) .»

c

s-.?

E 8

u

0

O

m

§^

CJ

31

Si

352

9>

01

j: —

3 &

o c

3

3

c
ffl

►-1

01 00

> c

•a
a)

3

•H
•U

C

o
o

-a

3

C

c
o
o

nj 4_i

(0 4J

C

c

e-« a>

^S Hi

CN CO.

00 CO

CN w

vD w

m at

« CO

C CO

C ^c

•H w

•rt 0>

>> CO

>.

r-l T3

(H 4J

4J 0)

w C

(0 01

n a*

O tfl

0 0Q

s

B ^

10

•a
u

•H

tO u

nj i-\

n) to

c

4J

(0

e^s <u

J-S 01

t>? IT)

<*"> CQ

CO O

~H i.

m w

m B

-3- 60

•a

c
a)

a E

t-l

■H
>

r-l &

353

u O

u o

to r~

eo r*

— on

— a*

cr* — <

On —i

m

n

• >N

• >.

o CO

o a

1 u

i i*

CO t-

CO u

m 3

o 3

• 33

• X

o ^

o —

u

XI

b ,-n

0)

-J-

at 43

x:

r»

X -J

4J

ON

u r»

(0

rt on

01

at —

3

>*

3

6

u

V
3

>,

(0

o

to 3

4-1

3

J

33

-H

y-i >

c

C --'

O -H

-H

0)

•H

<U

c

OJ

tfl U

■o

3

•o C

X <

c

-)

C 3

to

3

1

3 ->

01 t-i

o

Ps

O

CX 0

u

to

b C

1

s:

1 "H

p-t 0)

u

b

CO u

c c

CO
01

£

CO p

OJ >-

o «

>>

o

>. o

Ul 13

.o

J3

CO C

a>

at

at 3

>

00

> oo

tn xi

e

■h c

<

4-1

■3

u 3

u

o

o o

<

>N

< >,

*— *
£

-»

1
C

r*

a

C?N

-)

CO

>N

T3

b

at

at

at

3

u

o

Si ^n

J

A

• *-o*

•a r--

•

C ON

00

3 —

3

o

■<

u >,

1

1 u

t~ at

iH

ca 3

3

at o

►->

>N-J

U XI

—I

■H <•

Xi r-

>n

ON

hi

4J ~*

at

to

01

- 3

13

C

3 ^

3

0

O

b •

hi

1 >

1

t-i 0

h

a z

CO

u

<u

>nT3

>>

C

at ca

at

>

>

01 ^v

XI -J"

22

at u

> at

~ 3

*J o

0

2

aj

3
C
•H

■u

O

o

3

o

lit

I !

•H
4J

C

o

5 t

u at

3d

O ON

x: —
3 _

n

to x>

01 ON

4-1 0>

is J

•J-

a

&

1

^ E

OJ

u

g

4J

cr

•H

«

X5

|

i

M

|

i

>

s

— 1

w

ft

II 5

I

5 2

I

354

S On

at e

U i-t

Wl --S

■H )-<

x. XI

XI CQ

<T

O

■ r»

7*

T3 On

C —

J3 T3

3

01 C

£ fr

1 01

• P->

K 3

e <u

m o

a) H

01 eJ

"a

:*<-•

01 u

*o

> 0)

0) .

■H U

01 u

u C

u a

O -^

CO <

< 3

4J

*-t

3

I- *~*

h

o

•H X>

•H

X»

J

X) <r

X>

-*

r-

■a on

O*

T3

c —

fc

B

3

01

3

o >■,

4->

&

0

M U

e

M

1 V

■H

01

1

u 3

3

3

U

(0 0

5

Q

QJ hJ

C

J

01

>.N-'

•H

w

>.

01 00

m

oo

01

> c

*a

c

>

•H i-l

01

ft

•H

4J on

C -h

0)

4J

c

0) >N

£■ -H

CO w

a h

>>

C 01

B ot

H

•H 3

CO 4J

0J

0

> -J

.§

1

x «-«

X

(0

(fl 4J

■H CO

•H C

'*- AJ

U-4 Cfl

•H

X-H

>-r*

(VI

CO 3

ctj O.

•H

H h

h

h

U U4

U U->

0)

T3
QJ

3
iH
O
C
O
U

•H

•a

e

0)

E 3

0

o

c

•H

4J

0

h

3

CJ)

91

a

•H

3

>

•5

01
i-H

n
no

01

n

0

U

o

rH

CO

z

•H

3

a

£

W

355

Appendix 6.4 CHENIER PLAIN HYDROLOGICAL DATA AND HABITAT DATA.

Appendix 6.4(1). Method for calculating phosphorus loading rates

of Chenier Plain Basins.

The general procedure was to divide the Chenier Plain into its natural
drainage basins: Vermilion Basin, Mermentau/Chenier Basin, Calcasieu Basin,
Sabine Basin, and the East Bay Basin. Each basin was then subdivided
into two functional components: (1) open water receiving bodies such as
Sabine Lake, Vermilion Bay, etc.; and (2) the drainage area, surrounding
each water body from which the runoff water is derived. The following
calculations were made: (1) total discharge into the water body; (2)
the phosphorus concentration for each discharge area; and (3) development
of the phosphorus input loading rate which determines the probability of
a receiving water body to become eutrophic. Finally, the volume of the
receiving water body, its flushing rate, and the salinity distribution
was used to determine the sensitivity of the water body to eutrophication.
Sensitivity was expressed by the following eutrophic states: permissible,
borderline, or dangerous.

The system was found to be primarily controlled by agricultural run-
off, which is the land use category which will require the attention of
planners. Analysis of the phosphorus input loading rate shows the eutrophic
state and the significance of each nutrient source. The calculations were
subject to error because of the scarcity of data. Actual discharge data
were available from upstream portions of the major rivers in the study area,
but were generally not available where the streams discharged into the
Chenier Plain. Therefore, measurement data were extrapolated to calculate
annual discharge (m /yr) . The phosphorus data were also spotty and were
concentrated at point source discharges with little long-term data; read-
ings at useful downstream locations were available for only a few dates
per year. It was therefore necessary to classify the drainage area accord-
ing to land use, and calculate the phosphorus input (g/yr) by using load-
ing coefficients derived from the literature and modified by empirical in-
vestigations in other parts of coastal Louisiana (Craig and Day 1977) .

The total phosphorus input was divided by the total discharge to ob-
tain an annual average P concentration loading rate (g/m-Vyr) which was
compared to a eutrophication state scale (Shannon and Brezonik 1971). The
comparison allowed an evaluation of the water body on a scale of permissible,
borderline, or dangerous.

Water Discharge Calculations

A complete survey of all discharge data source material was made for
each basin. The locations and values were tabulated and the available data
were evaluated. Generally, some data from measurement stations upstream
from the basin were available, but few empirical measurements of drainage
area- related discharge were available. Therefore, discharge was calculated

356

from run-off values, in acre-ft/mi , multiplied by the total drainage area
for that particular bayou, river, or stream to obtain a total discharge
(m^/yr) . Areas were obtained from Sloss's inventory of drainage areas
(Sloss 1971). The data for each basin are listed in tables 6.4(la) to
6. 4 (Id). They show the discharge area, the calculated run-off value, and
the discharge in ft^/sec and m-Vyr. For East Bay, because of lack of data,
published run-off values were used with drainage areas to obtain a total
discharge.

Phosphorus Discharge Calculations

Phosphorus (P) data were so scarce that P input according to land use was
calculated. Sample calculations for point source input were made and in
all five cases the P input calculated from land use was at least double that
measured from known point source inputs. It was therefore accepted that
the land use method represented worst case conditions.

Land use by basin was determined in acres from data published by the
Louisiana State Planning Office (Louisiana State Planning Office 1975). The
dated acreage of each land use category was multiplied by the appropriate
phosphorus loading coefficient to obtain the phosphorus inputs. These
were summed to produce a total basin annual P input in g/yr. This divided
by the water discharge gave a total concentration in g/m^/yr (Tables 6.4(2a)
to 6.4(2e). This concentration was compared with a three level index of
eutrophic state (Shannon and Brezonik 1971): permissible (P 0.12 g/m )
meaning the amount of total P is permissible with no tendency towards eu-
trophication; borderline (0.12 g/m^ < P < 0.22); and dangerous (P < 0.22
g/m-*) meaning the amount of total P is at a level that this receiving body
is eutrophic.

357

Appendix 6. 4 (la). Sabine Basin water discharge calculations.

Location

Area
drained
m2

Average

run off

acre ft/mi ^

Discharge
m-Vyr

Neches River
Taylor Bayou

Sabine River

East Drainage
(Johnson Bay)

Total

10,011
530

9,760

643
(calc. )

522

600
(est.)

640

550
(est.)

64.4 x 10

8

3.92 x 10

8

77.0 x 10

8

4.36 x 10

3

149.68 x 10

8

358

Appendix 6. 4 (lb). Calcasieu Basin water discharge calculations.

Location

Area

drained

mi2

Average

run off

acre ft /mi2

Mean
ft3/sec

Discharge
m-Vyr

Kinder

1,700

1,061
(calc.)

2,493

22.25

x 108

Oberlin

753

1,081
(calc.)

1,125

10.0

x 108

7346021

3,129
(Sloss)

1,070

4,624

41.2

x 108

GIWW at Lake

3,396

1,070

5,019.18

44.8

x 108

Calculated at
Gulf of Mexico

376

1,070

555.72

4.96

x 108

359

Appendix 6.4(lc). Mermentau/Chenier Basin water discharge calculations

Location

Area
drained
mi2

Average

run off

acre ft /mi2

Discharge
ft3/sec

Discharge
m^/yr

GIWW and Mermentau

1,799.40

Bayou -Des Cannes
Eunice 70150 USGS

131

1,392
(calc.)

252
1938-1970

Bayou Nezpique
(Basile) 70075 USGS

527

1,039
(calc.)

747

Bayou Nezpique
(Jennings) 70120
USGS

Bayou Serpent
73100, 73200,
73150 USACE

Mermentau River
(Vermilion)
70375 USACE

Mermentau River
Lake Arthur
70525, 70530

Bayou Wikoff
(Rayne) 70525 COE

Bayou Que de Tortue
USGS 70440, 70450

USACE

158

4,270 on
April 22

Mermentau River

Lacassine Ref.
70600 USACE

Bayou Plaquemine
Brule near Crowley
0220 USGS

252

1,565

545
(1942-1947)

Lacassine near
Lake Arthur USGS
Gauge # 1 USACE

299

continued

360

Appendix 6.4(lc). Concluded,

Location

Area
drained

mi

Average

run off

acre ft/mi

Discharge
ft3/sec

Discharge
nrVyr

Discharge from
point 361

97

1,150

Mermen tau River
at GIWW

1,799

Mermentau River
at Bayou Quede
Tortue

1,702

1,200
(est.)

Bayou Que de Tortue
at Mermentau
River

292

1,565
(calc.)

Lacassine at GIWW

398

1,100
(est.)

154

2,821

631

604

1.38 x 10

8

25.2 x 10'

5.64 x 10

8

5.40 x 10

8

Mermentau River
Basin above GIWW

Difference attri-
buted to Lake
Misere etc.

Difference from
GIWW to Catfish
Point

Difference from

GIWW to Gulf

Lacassine and
Lake Misere
Input

2,780

388

721

1,040

940

1,150
(est.)

1,150
(est.)

1,150
(est.)

add
2 + 4m

616

1,145

1,652

32.22 x 108
5.51 x 108

10.3 x 10

8

14.8 x 10

8

10.91 x 10

8

361

Appendix 6. 4 (Id). Vermilion Basin water discharge calculations.

Location

Area
drained
mi2

Average

run off

acre ft/mi2

Discharge
ft3/sec

Discharge
m3/yr

Ruth Canal

84 . 1 mean
(1976-1977)

1.15 x 10

8

Bayou Teche

Vermilion River
Perry 67830

Vermilion River
Abbeville
67675

Coulee Kenny s
Abbeville
67750

Vermilion River
at Lafayette
Surry Bridge
67373

Bayou Teche
Keystone Lock
and Dam

288
at mouth
of Coulee
des Poches

1,573

626 mean

(1976-1977)

457 mean

1976-1977

499

430

1959-1970

4.46 x 10

3

Bayou Fuselier

193

Bayou Teche
at Arnaudville

1,531

383.5

811 USGS

Bayou Teche
below Arnaudville

582

Vermilion River
at Long Bridge
Rte. 94

175

Vermilion River
at Pinhook Bridge

665

continued

362

Appendix 6. 4 (Id). Concluded.

Area Average
Location drained run off Discharge Discharge

mi 2 acre ft/mi ^ ft3/sec nrVyr

Vermilion River
at Milton Bridge
Rte. 921 406 1,497 840

Teche at
Arnaudville 780

Vermilion River
at GIWW 561 1,497

(calc.)

Area from Avery
Canal to Vermilion
Basin Boundary
including
GIWW, Schooner
Bayou, Six Mile

Canal, etc. 300 1,300

(est.)

363

Appendix 6. 4 (2a). Phosphorus input, discharge, and total P

concentration for eutrophication sensitivity

analysis, East Bay Basin.

Category

Drainage

art

area
,2

x 10

8

Phosphorus

loading

coefficients

(g/m3/yr)

Phosphorus

input

(gr/yr)

Comments

Cultural
Urban
Industrial
Agricultural

Rice

Non-rice

Pasture

Natural

Forest

Lake

Baron

Wetland
Municipal waste
Industrial waste
Total

0.0115
0

0

0.5481
1.3774

0.0215
2.3388
0.7260
2.1451

0.11
0.01

3

0.0013 x 10
0.0

0.0

8

0.25

0.53 0.2904 x 10

0.018 Q.0247 x 108

0.008

0.0002 x 10

0.044

0.1029 x 10

0.006

0.0044 x 10

0.0

0.0

Includes point
source

Pasture separated
because it is major
use

Insignificant
Insignificant

7.1684

Total p

(g/year) x 10

8

0.4239

Total discharge
(m3/year) x 108

5.22

Total concentration
3
(g/m /year)

0.0812

Eutrophic state

P = Permissible

P<0.12

B = Borderline

0.12<P>0.22

D = Dangerous

P>0.22

;/m3/y

ear

364

Appendix 6. 4 (2b). Phosphorus input, discharge, and total P
concentration for eutrophication sensitivity
analysis, Sabine Basin

Category

Drainage
area
(m2
x 108

Phosphorus
loading
coefficients
(g/tn3/yr)

Phosphorus

input
(gr/yr)

Comments

Cultural

Urban

2.195

0.11

0.2414

X

8
10

Includes point

Industrial

0.090

0.01

0.0009

X

io8

source
Includes point

Agricultural

source

Rice

12.840

0.25

3.2087

X

io8

Non-rice

1.430

0.53

.7560

X

io8

Natural

Forest

48.044

0.008

0.3843

X

io8

Lake

7.097

0.044

0.3122

X

io8

Baron

0.179

0.006

0.0011

X

8
10

Wetland

10.543

0.00

0.00

Municipal waste

—

—

--

Included above

Industrial waste

—

-_

—

Included above

Total

82.438

Total p

(g/year) x 10

8

4.9046

Total discharge
(m3/year) x IO8

149.58

Total concentration
3
(g/m /year)

0.0328

Eutrophic state P

B
D

Permissible P<0.12
Borderline 0.12<P>0.22
Dangerous P>0.22

g/m3/year

365

Appendix 6.4(2c). Phosphorus input, discharge, and total P
concentration for eutrophication sensitivity
analysis, Calcasieu Basin

Category

Drainage
Area
(m2
x 108

Phosphorus
Loading
coefficients
(g/m3/yr)

Phosphorus
Input
(gr/yr)

Comments

Cultural

Urban

2.800

0.11

0.3080 x 10

Includes point

Industrial

0.252

0.01

0.0025 x 108

source
Includes point

Agricultural

source

Rice

28.617

0.25

8
7.1544 x 10

Non-r

Lee

7.607

0.53

4.0378 x 10

Natural

Forest

54.653

0.008

8
0.4372 x 10

Lake

23.127

0.044

1.0176 x 108

Baron

0.228

0.006

0.0014 x 108

Wetland

19.949

0.0

0.0

Municipal \

«/aste

—

—

—

Included above

Industrial

waste

—

--

—

Included above

Total

137.233

Total p
(g/year)

x 108

12.9589

Total discharge
(m3/year) x 108

49.75

Total concentration
3

(g/m /year)

0.26

Eutrophic state

P = Permissible

P<0

12

B = Borderline

0.12<P>0

22

D = Dangerous

P>0

22

g/m^/year

366

Appendix 6.4(2d). Phosphorus input, discharge, and total P
concentration for eutrophication sensitivity
analysis, Mermentau/Chenier Basin

Drainage

Phosphorus

area

loading

Phosphorus

Category

(m2 x 108)

coefficients
(g/m3/yr)

input
(gr/yr)

Comments

Cultural

Urban

1.9416

0.11

0.2136 x 10
0.0011 x 10

Includes point
source

Industrial

0.1179

0.01

Includes point

source

Agricultural

Rice

29.4825

0.25

7.3706 x 108

Non-rice

3.6429

0.53

1.9312 x 10

Natural

Forest

9.8395

0.008

0.0787 x 10

Lake

25.5905

0.044

1.1259 x 10

Baron

0.1144

0.006

0.0007 x 10

Wetland

24.6569

0.0

0.0

Municipal waste

—

--

--

Included above

Industrial waste

—

--

—

Included above

Total

95.3862

Total p

(g/year) x 108

10.7218

Total discharge
(m3/year) x 108

53.42

Total concentration
3
(g/m /year)

0.2007

Eutrophic state

P = Permissible
B ■ Borderline
D » Dangerous

P<0.12

0.12<P>0.22

P>0.22

;/m3/y

ear

367

Appendix 6.4(2e). Phosphorous input, discharge, and total P
concentration for eutrophication sensitivity
analysis, Vermilion Basin.

Category

Drainage

area

(m2
x 108

Phosphorus
loading
coefficients
(g/m3/yr)

Phosphorus

input
(gr/yr)

Comments

Cultural

Urban

1.0821

0.11

0.1192 x 108

Includes point

Industrial

0.0335

0.01

0.0003 x 10

source
Includes point

Agricultural

source

Rice

2.6042

0.25

Q

0.6511 x 10

Non-rice

4.8354

0.53

8
2.5623 x 10

Natural

Forest

1.3829

0.008

0.0111 x 108

Lake

11.7732

0.044

0.5180 x 10

Baron

0.0885

0.006

0.0005 x 108

Wetland

6.7723

0.0

0.0

Municipal waste

—

—

—

Included above

Industrial waste

—

--

--

Included above

Total

28.5721

Total P o
(g/year) x 10°

3.8625 x 108

Total discharge
(m3/year) x 108

15.898

Total concentration
3
(g/m /year)

0.24

Eutrophic state

P = Permissible

P<0.12

B ■ Borderline

0.12<P>0.22

D ■ Dangerous

P>0.22

g/m-Vyear

368

Appendix 6.4(3). Techniques employed in habitat and canal inventory.

Habitats

The purpose of the inventory was to locate and determine the total areas
occupied by each of the fourteen habitats. In addition, the inventory was
to assess any temporal changes in the distribution and amount of the habitats
and features.

Sources

The entire area is mapped by the U.S.G.S. at 1:24,000 scale. This repre-
sented the best resolution of published maps that were easily accessible. Where
available the U.S.G.S. 1:24,000 orthophoto sheets were used. Approximately 60%
of the area was covered by this set. For the remaining area the latest edition
of U.S.G.S. 1:24,000 topographic maps were used as a base.

In mapping the present habitats in the 1:24,000 base the following re-
mote sensing coverage was used:

1. 1969 U.S.A.C.E. uncontrolled photo mosaics.

2. 1974 U.S.G.S. orthophoto quadrangle sheets.

3. 1974 NASA High Altitude Color IR, missions
174, 191, 194, 197, and 289.

Differentiation between marsh types was based on Chabreck et al. (1968),
Chabreck (1972), and the Texas Bureau of Economic Geology (1976). Updating
those previous works was accomplished through low altitude overflights. The
overflights along with ground reconnaissance served to evaluate the remote
sensing interpretation.

Since field work was conducted in 19 76 to 19 77 and aerial coverage
varied from 1969 to 1974, it is impossible to put an absolute date on the
finalized habitat map. A reference date was needed in order to determine
temporal changes in habitat distribution. Over 90% of the area was covered
by a combination of color IR missions and the U.S.G.S. or the photo quads
for the year 1974. Thus, except for the differentiation between marsh types
the finalized habitat map represents habitats in 1974.

Areas

Areas of 1974 habitat units were derived from the 1:24,000 scale

maps using the point-counting (grid sampling) method developed by Gagliano
and van Beek (1970). This method was compared to digitizing areas by means
of a Calma Digitizer (computerized planimeter) by Gane (in Adams et al. 1976)

369

Appendix 6.4(3). Continued.

for areas in southeast Louisiana and once again by participants of this
project for selected areas in the Chenier Plain. A comparison of the two
methods indicates that results were within 3% of each other for the area
covered by one 1:24,000 U.S.G.S. topographic sheet.

Habitat Changes

Having established a habitat base map for the year 1974, a second habi-
tat map representing some time in the past was sought in order to determine
habitat changes through time. The availability of air photo coverage was
the limiting factor in determining any habitat changes.

Examination of black and white aerial coverage revealed that 1952 was
the earliest year in which sufficient coverage was available. This coverage,
flown by the United States Navy, covered the entire Louisiana portion of
the Chenier Plain and approximately 50% of the Texas portion. Habitat
changes by basin, therefore, were measured from 1952 to 1974 with the ex-
ception of the East Bay area where changed were measured from 1954 to 1974.

In addition to the above coverage, 1953 to 1954 1:72,000 scale air photo
mosaics and ~ 1:20,000 scale air photos mission flown by Edgar Tobin Aerial
Services for the Humble Oil and Refining Company covering coastal Louisiana
were used as a supplement. United States Navy air photos of the Texas coast
flown in 1961 to 1962 was also used as supplemental coverage.

Variability in scale of the black and white air photos was significant.
In mapping habitat changes, therefore, the areas of change were plotted on
a scale of 1:24,000. These areas of change were then computed using the
Calma Digitizer.

Shoreline Changes

Shoreline changes were represented in the habitat change matrices by
either a change from Nearshore Gulf to Marsh (indicating shoreline advance)
or from Marsh to Nearshore Gulf (shoreline retreat) . While the shoreline
may be advancing or retreating, it was not felt that the area of the beach
changed significantly; rather the change was at the expense of the habitat
either seaward or landward of the beach, depending on the direction of move-
ment of the shoreline.

These changes were determined by use of unpublished data (Morgan, Lou-
isiana State University) for the Louisiana coast and Seelig and Sorensen's
(1973) data for the Texas coast. The former source included changes between
1954 and 1969. Thus, shoreline changes for the Louisiana portion of the
Chenier Plain are in a close time frame with other habitat changes. The lat-
ter source, however, lists shoreline changes from the latter part of the
nineteenth century to the early to mid 1960's. The data are reported as
linear changes per year. The long time period covered gives one a misleading
nature of the change, (i.e. , most of the change could have occurred over a
much shorter time period). As these were the only data available they were
used by taking the reported linear change per year and multiplying by the
time period covered for other habitat changes. For the East Bay area this
was 22 years (1954 to 1974) and for the Texas portion of the Sabine Basin 24

370

Appendix 6.4(3). Continued

years (1952 to 1974). The linear distances were converted to area by multi-
plying by the sum of half of the distance to the next data point to the west
and to the east.

Canals

Canal length was digitized by type of canal. Area occupied by canals
could not be digitized due to resolution problems in determining widths at
1:24,000 scale. An average width value for each type of canal was determined
by general field observations, and a limited amount of U.S.A.C.E. dredge
data. These width values, along with the digitized length values, were used
in computing canal areas.

Canal types were defined according to their initial intended purpose.
This was necessary in order to place a canal under a single category, al-
though it may have multiple uses. For example, Stack's canals in and around
the Sabine National Wildlife Refuge were constructed for trappers. This
places these canals under second order navigation canals although the re-
sulting spoil is also used for wildlife management impoundment. Definitions
of the various canal types are listed below:

First Order Navigation Canals

- those major canals dredged and maintained to facilitate both
interstate and intrastate navigation.

Second Order Navigation Canals

- canals dredged or dug to a low passage of small craft, or short deeper
water spurs to allow movement of large craft from a first order canal
to an industrial site.

Agricultural, Industrial, and Urban Drainage Canals (Wetland and Upland)

- canals whose primary purpose is to convey water to or from a site,
or canals which were dug to isolate an impounded agricultural area.

Agricultural Access Canals and Borrow Pits

- canals and typically staggered borrow pits flanking an embankment
which is used solely for the purpose of cattle access.

Oil Activity Canals

- canals dredged for exploration and production of oil and gas.

Canals dredged principally for a water-based oil/gas extractive
operations were listed as oil field navigation canals. Canals and
borrow pits flanking embankments which extended into the marsh to
enable a land-based operation were classified as oil field embank-
ment canals and borrow pits.

371

Appendix 6.4(3). Concluded

Transportation Embankments or Utility Canals and Borrow Pits

- dredged canals and borrow pits flanking either a raised, continuous
artificial embankment constructed for movement across a wetland
area or a canal flanking a powerline system across a wetland. Not
all powerlines have canals associated with them; however, there are
a number of canals of this type in the Sabine-Neches river valley.

Pipeline Canals

- all dredged and flooded pipeline routes. Very few open canals exist,
and most of the lengths are actually pipelines which have once been
backfilled but are now flooded due to erosion or compaction.

Wildlife Management Impoundment Canals

- canals dredged for navigation, drainage, or impoundment of areas
specifically used in wildlife management programs, whether public
or private.

Others

- canals and embankments not fitting into one of the above cate-
gories.

372

X

<f

r^

as

i—i

3

C

•H

o

•H

,_,

OO

^-s

cu

CO

t-<

x

V~X

3

•H

co

CO

CU

rH

^

Ph

cfl

)-i

4-1

CU

Cfl

•H

4-J

C

•H

CD

X

X

cfl

U

K

CU

X

<r c

•H

X w

•H CO
"3 43

3

0)
CX
CX

<!

<

CO

H
CO

<

w

CO

^

01

ex

H

cO

u

•H
X
CO
X

vO

r^

rH

IT).

oo

r~-

m

vO

CN

vO

CN

en

CN

en

en

o

r-l

p^

CN

U~l

r-l

<t

os

00

en

o

o

o
<t
m

CO

m
m

00

en
o

p~
st

CN

en
<r

rH

vO

st

CN

en
CN
vO

vO

CO
CN

vO
vO

m

vO

en
O
O

p~

m

st

vO
CN

o

o
en

CN

en

00

vO

CN

st

rH

en

m

rH

r».

CN

o

r-H
t-H
t— <

CN

vO

CN

CM

00

r-t

r^

LO

m

vO

m

en

00

1

vO

tH

en

o

os

st

O

en

en

V©

vO

H

CN

3
CJ

cu
u
o

X
CO

in
CO

cu

2

rH

en

o

en

00

rH

CN

<r

rH

en

rH

00

OS

m

os

rH

CN

rH

st

00

en

rH

CN

r~

vO

ON

00

o\

CN

r-»

CN

CN

vO

st

p-»

u-i

CN

rH

rH

en

en

o

SO

i-h

os

st

p»

st

00

<3\

00

H

CN

o

CJS

OS

en

en

00

m

00

<r

en

CN

CN

<r

^

en

r-i

r-i

en

en

VO

st

rH

<!■

CN

vO

^t

<r

<r

r^

m

rH

o

r^

os

m

~T

P~

o

in

>3-

oo

rH

o

r-i

en

r-<

rH

en

vO

in

o

CN

VO

^-t

<r

oo

o

o

p^

m

O

r~

st

m

st

en

r^

r-\

m

st

vO

p^

r~

r-~

T-{

cn

CN

CN

os

rH

en

<t

os

t^

00

CN

CJv

<n

CN

r-»

<r

vO

•»

•%

•*

at

m

n

#s

n

m

A

A

A

„

o

o

CN

vO

o

m

o\

r~

m

rH

CN

^

m

-a-

-3-

CN

CN

^

rH

Os

r-i

st

st

vO

vO

r»

vO

vO

o

i

CN

O

o

CN

r~~

oo

o

en

00

<r

O

o

rH

CN

CN

^

rH

P^

vO

u

CU
4J

CO
3

C
cu

(X

o
-a
ca

cn

co

CO

CO
IH

CO
S

J2
CO
•H

CJ

cfl
M

CQ

J3
CO
M
CO
S

XI
CO

u
CO

w XI S

CO
•H

-a

CU

6
u

CU

'/I

rl

CO

S

X!
CO
CU

r<

T3
CU

•a

c

3
O

9*

s

x
o

CO
CU

3

3
U
•H"

rl

00

"J
u

3
4J

'/I
CO

Cm

CU

00

•a

•H

c

CO
X

rl

3

CO

cu
o

!X,

a
£
CO
3
co

CO
CU

rl

o

b

■3
3
CO

rH

CX

3

rH

m

en
en
m

OS
OS

en

vO

vO
en

OS

vO
O

en
vO

m

CvS

m

O

vO
vO

CN
OS

vO
O

m

en

OS

o

vO

en

en
CN

CN
H

rH

rH

CN

00
vO
CN

OS

CN

o

vO

m

vO

p-»

Os

rH

<r

1

m

vO

m

00

o

H

in

r-i

o

CN

t^.

o

o

o

co
in

vO

00

en

vO

vO

en

00

CN
CN

CN

00

en

00

-cl-
in

p^
vO

m
p-

00

o

o

st

p-
st

O

o

H

m

m

rH

00

o

00

T-t

CN

vO

o

o

m

OS

<-<

CN

o

^-i

vO

rH

vO

m

P-.

-a-

m

en

vO

en

1

m

CN

CN

00

rH

OS

00

O
rH

o

CN

-3-

en

o

o

sr

OS
OS

m

OS

vO
CN

m

en
o

vO

OS

m
o

CN

vO
ejs

vO
OS

en

vO

m

o

00

i-H

en

m
m

vO

OS

Os

vO

en
m

CN

o

OS

m

oo

rH

en

vO

P~

CN

en

cs

en

o

OS

3

o

CU

U

O

•-N

X

CO

CO

v— '

u

CO

CO

CU

CU

3

u

a

CO

co

cu

-3

r--

3

st

r-i

•

CJ

CN

X

CU

II

v^

/™\

Cfl

CO

CU

X

U

Vw'

cfl

CU

TJ

rl

3

CO

CO

4J

r-t

CJ

3

<U

•H

X

MH

rH

O

1 — 1

CM

373

on

CN

m

On

t-H

/"n

en

co

,3

<u

^^

bu

3

CO

cfl

3

X

•H

o

Cfl

co

4-J

X'

cfl

4-1

3

•H

•H

,0

cfl

co

^H

rC

PN

4J

Vj

1)

cu

2

■H

3

OJ

•

X

•-**

u

m

v— •

3

-3-

•rl

>o

X

•H

■3

3

HI

a.

a

<

X

s^

5*8

K

s-«

8-s

CU

a.
4-1

•iH

00

-a-
m

on
i-i

vO

vO
I

co
CN

m

i-i
I

00 00 ON

on

I

00

d

rH I

rH O O

m

-o-

o

sr

O

o

vO

00

CN

-*

00

r^

r-~

<r

00

vO

<r

CO

00

1

en

00
CN

>a-

rH

I o o

r~.

co

00

-a-

vO

CN

<r

ON

rH

rH

O

O

CN
CN

vO
H

ON
CN

O
1

H

ON

I

r-t

en

CN

CN

o

CO

1

m

CO

00

r~

m

o

r~~

ON

o

vO

m

CO

-d-

CN

r~

-*

<r

CO

I

on

on

cm

vr

n

n

I

M

o

ON

rH

CO

CN
1

1

m

CM
I

-a-

rH

vO

m

rH

-*

m

O

NO

O

rH

o

CO

o

r-

in

r^

<t

<r

ON

NO

in

00

r~

r^

ON

i

«*

CN
1

m

1

CO

CN

rH

1

NO

rH.

1

CM

1

rH
1

r-H

P".

CN

ON

in

00

o

<r

CN

00

m

O

rH

vo

O

CO

m

«3"

vf

o

rH

in

CN

vO

CO

r»

rH
1

rH

CO

rH

00

M

00

1

m

CO

O0
1

00

CO

r-i

CN

CO

1

rH

1

m
I

rH

1

r»

CO

vO

m

r-H

CO

ON

ON

<r

-*

m

o

vO

O

CN

1

CN

CO

I

CO

r-

CO

00

CO

o

ON
1

1

CO

CM

r-»

m

o

oo

r^

CO

CN

ON

<r

r~

CO

vO

<r

o

CO

r^

ON

in

00

CO

00

rH

r»

■h

o

CN

00

00

CM

rH

o

CO

O
CN

1

O

rH

I

T-{

CN

rH

o

1

1

ON

r~.

vO

r^

vO

00

CO

CN

NO

o

CO

O

on

CN

00

CN

CN

vO

00

-<r

rH

CN

o

o

CO
1

CN

rH

r~

r^

«*

vO

1

r~

00

r-~

vO

m

T-{

ON

NO

o

CN

r^

CN

on

CN

r-«

r^

<T

CN

ON

CN

m

CO

o>

<r

CO
rH

1

00

ft

o

rH

1

rH

rH

rH

rH

1

o

o

m

m

ON

m

r-~

m

o

m

NO

r~

CM

<r

O

00

m

o

CN

CN

00

rH

m

r^

o

m

vO

H
1

m

rH
1

CN

CN

o

CO

m

CN

r~

I

rH

1

o

m

o

co

<r

ON

rH

rH

NO

r~

r~

rH

o

00

o

i->-

in

ON

m

m

r^

CO

r~

ON

CN

rH
u
cu

4_J

00

1

vO
CN

rC

<-h
I

o

rH

in

~*

vO

o

i-H
1

1

VH

CO

CM

CO

o

rH

J3

M

CU

■H

4-1

3

CO

CO

60

M

CO

4-1

O

C
0)

a

o

M

S

TJ

00

1)

CO

<u

£

■a

•H
OS

<J

u

o

0)

u

<u

<U

fe

O

o

rH

•3

r-^

o

0)

b

£

c

CO

eg

s

CO

•H

u

•3

en

|H

3

h

rH

PS

3

C

-5

a

O.

h

3

O

3

•H

01

|

4J

(0

CJ

CO

6

CO

rH

4-1

a.

4J

O

a

c

co

X>

CO

rH

CO

0)

c

r- 1

CO

6

CO

a

•H

o

CO

u

<U

a.

3

Z

Z

rH

Z

C/>

OS

z

a.

a

pa

3

00

rJ

CN

CO

<"

CO
m

J3

m

CO
vO

rO
NO

r-

00

ON

O

rH

rH
rH

J3
W
OJ

u

T3

3
cO

OJ

4-1

oi

3

■H

rC

CO

•H

■a

CO

rQ

cfl

CO

CO

CO

.3

o

3

CO

CD

0)

a

>>

4J

J2

CO

•

U

sf

59

r^

6

ON

rH

H

cfl

o

>H

4-1

3

4-1

<r

cfl

m

3

ON

— i

cu

4-1

B

CO

n

r4

M

cfl

U-J

o.

CU

cu

CO

u

(0

o

4-1

CO

OJ

cu

fcl>

T)

3

CO

cO

B

XI

a

CO

CO

>s

3

cO

pa

4-1

a.

4J

R

CO

OJ

cfl

4J

w

4-1

CO

r4

o

o

Mm

z

CM

374

Area Lost

CD

43

u

o

4-1

X

•rl

-J<

U

<f

u

r^

cfl

OS

B

i — i

,-x

O

cfl

4J

4=

v-^

rsi

m

CO

a\

0)

i — i

be

c

*

<n

s

42

•H

O

cd

■U PU

4-J

S-l

•H

<D

42

•H

c3

C

a

QJ

43

U

v

CU

^o

U

%»— '

•H

<r

4J

•

c

vX3

0)

c
CD

<

sO — i

<r ^-»

—i-3—i

00 3

1* •— I

1 3

- —

eg _>

4=

- i

u- a

9) -O

«

v —

** .C

U t4 CS

O 3 C

-u -.

« o

- o

a a

C O V

n « u

J3 > u

O *

X U 4J

W Ck -^

« a

4) ^-t JZ.

ij a «*

«J o

375

o
•u

m

w
cO

PQ

>.

a

PQ

co

W

o

IW

X

•1-1
1-1
4-1
cfl

6

cfl

cn

CD

00

c

CO
o

•H

ca

PS

cfl

xl
C

a
a.

oxjiSe

30XJ-UON

}SS:toj
dtaBAS

puB-[dn

UBqafl

30TH

•[■cods

papunodrax

qsaeni
■[BjnaHN

3jtoqs.re3N

233BW usdn

in

en

cn

o

o

en

U"l

CN|

<r

-a-

r^

vr

MO
r-l
00

00

CN
CO

m

00

o

o
-3-

00

in

CN

00

m

oo

CN

o
on
-o-

VJ3

i-H

oo

cn
oo

00

en

-a-

in

en

oo

en

00

o\

M3

en

vO

CM

<r

-*

*a-

iw

J2

X.
en

CD

■u

a

•H

3

CO

cfl

00

cn

4-1

M

VJ

U

S-i
CO

2

XI
•H

CD

cn

CD

00
cfl

CD

4-1

CO

cu

M

O

2

cu

r-l

CD

O

o

CD

CJ

cfl

13

J2
CO

CO
U

c

3

CO

u

.-1

U

3

c

•3

C

X

a.

|4

4->
O
H

c

M

3

o

a

•H

4-1

CD

cfl

CO

o

6

<u

CO

4J

a.

4-J

o

cn

CJ

.a

1-1

cd

co

c

a.

CD

CO

a

Cfl

a.

cd

•H

>-i

a.

CD

5

o

o

Z

z

M

55

C/l

Pi

Cd

o

3

PQ

C/3

z

376

on

CN

m

OS

cn

cfl
pa

<u
c

•H
Xl

cfl

CO

0)

X

4-J
^1

o

E

x

0)
60

e

cfl
x
o

•H
XI
CO

XI

C
0)

otjSb

30TJ-UON

qoHag

3S3J0J

pm?-[dQ

UBqJ.fl

WT8.

aSpxa
jbjtubn

qsjBm
pspunodmx

qsaBni
-[BJinaBN

ajoqsjBBfi

aa^BA uadn

00 CM

CN

cn
in

o

CN

o

CN

CO

o

CN

CN

o\

m

CM

o

CM

o

CN

cn

vO

m

o>
cn

CN
CM

CD
CT\

o

o

CM

on

CM

ON

CN
ON

in

ON

-3-

en

n

<N

CM
vO
CN

CM

ON
-fl-
-J-

ON
M3

00

cn

ON

m

On

CM

m

M3

cn

oo

on

cn

o

CM

on
m

ON

CM

m

■-o

o

oo

x:

4-1

Cfl

o

o /

i-H

x:

M

0)

4-1

•H

H /

0)
4J

3

u

HI

u

CO

u

CO

CO

a

•a
<u

oo

•H

CO
CD
U
O

4-1
CO
0)

o

oo

cfl

rH

CO

2

o

iH

T3

f-H

<u

Pm

u

CD

J3

CO

c

cfl

u

•3

•H

4-t

^_,

CO

U

3

M

rH

3

a

C

x;

a.

w

O

c

u

3

o

3

•H

4J

<u

CO

cfl

o

8

1

H

fv;

<U

CO

4-1

a.

4-1

O

CO

a

X

.H

cfl

cfl

c

Pn

a.

01

CO

S

Cfl

a.

Cfl

•H

u

a.

0)

2

o

o

z

z

M

z

CO

P-<

oj

ZD

=3

03

w

z

377

u

o

y-i

X

•H

U

u

a

e

•

~-r

/— S

r~-

CT3

c^

&

*— 1

* — *

o

co

4-1

<U

00 CN

C

m

to

os

.C

■ — i

u

4-1

c

n)

•H

jj

W

•H

R)

,0

ca

d

3d

P

QJ

■H

•

B!

^x

rt

a

u

r~-

■-H

^**

cO

■tf

u

vO

T3

G

a)
a

00

o

r~

<J\

■£>

LO

O

m

o

o

o

in

r-t

O

r-l

I'B^OX

o

os

CM

o

•3-

-3-

CM

>a-

en

vO

r-

r-

o

co

rH

o

M

os

<-4

rH

to

<-<

OS

r-t

m

rH

CM

CM

OTJ§B

iH

<J\

■*

o

<T

30TJ.-UON

<T

os

r4

co

rH

00
CM

5S3J0J

dmBAS

o

qoB3g

asaaoj
puB^dQ

u^qan

93TH

TT°dS
aSpxa

papunodrnj
qsjHta

JTn3
aaoqsxeaN

laiBrt usdQ

00
CSI

co
m

o

CO

os

os

os
os
oo

CSI

CM

CM

CM

00

o

O

uO

a\

CM

^3

O
rH

00
CM

CO
CM

ON
CO

O

rH

rH
CM

CO

00

vO

rH

00
00

os

CM
l~»
CM

CM

OS
en

OS

01

c

u
a.
o

3

a

<u
u
o

CO
M
tO
<U

z

CO

00

J3

to

S-i

co
S

rH
<0

M

3

4-1

to
z

CO

OS

CO

o

J3
CO

>-i
tt)

S

TD
<U

C
3
O

a
S
i-h

00

UO

r-»

CM

in
H

o

00
-3
•H
Pi

CO
M

3

4J

to
z

o

00

CU
rl

3
4-1
CO
tO

0J

rj

tO

u

CO

CU

u
o

•3

C
CO

rH

a.

CJ

CO
CU

pa

u

|H

CO

00

cu

tfl

1-1

o

CU

u->

CJ

■H

a.

M

a

1

CO

C

3

o

C/3

z

o

H

378

-[Btiol

dtzSb

3GXJ-U0N

dmBAS

puexdn

ueqan

3^73

TT°dS
aSpTJ

qsanm
pspunodmx

qsaem

3JOqSJB3^

ZBl-en. usdn

CM

o

m

<7i

<N

CO

o

ON

o

-J-

00

CM

co

co

vr

■H

cm

CO

00

CO

CM

CO

.-t

o

■-i

00

-*

CM

t-l

CM

CM

*>

M

*t

M

■*

o

CM

t-H

CM

r-»

CM

O

co

CM

CM

u-i
O
i-l

CM

CO

CM

CM

r~

a\

■H

00

^3-

■H

■H

CM

\0

r-»

vO

CM

r^

CO

l~»

CO

i-i

■o

■

*

M

fl

r-l

--1

rH

~3-

-3-

CO

CM

<r

CO

o

<3-

m

m

•<!•

O

-a-

iH

to

o

■H

■-I

CM

■H

oo

r-t

CM

r-»

M

A

N

■H

r-l

CO

ON

cr>

r-4

i-l

O

o

cri
I-.

u
01

4-1

to

c
<u

(X

o

3

<u

S-l

o

CO

1-1
td
<u

2

O

m
oo

CO

CO

co
2

cO

3

4-1
(fl

2

CO

oo

x:
co
j-i
to

S

-a

01

■a

c

3
O

a.

a

CU
oO
T>
•H
OS

CO

V4

3
4-1
cfl
2

O

a.

CT)

3

4J

CO

cfl

PL,

a

od

C
cO

S-l

CO

ai
)-i
o

fa

c

ca
i-l

a.

3

J2
O
CO

CO
01
M

o

fa

a.

s

CO

00
CO

<U

a

•w

M

I

c
o

2

O
H

379

30xa-uoN

3S3JOJ

dnrBAS

pUBldQ

ueqan

aoya

TTodS

aSpxJ

TBatuBfl

papunodmx

ja^Hrt uadn

o
on
o

o

oo

o

o

CM

O
CO

00

co

o

o

en

O

O

m

.-1

m

-3"
O
CM

oo
en

IT1
CM

CM
CM

CO

'XI

CM
CO

CM

00

CM

x>

CM
CM

o

en

oo

a)

cfl

c
<u

Q.

o

3

o
<u
o
en

M

co
<u
Z

CM

<7\

CM

o
m

J3

en
u
cd
S

ca

H

3

4-1

(0
2

>X>
CM

CM

ON

00
CM

in

w
u
cd

-a
<u
•a

c

3
O

a.

S

00
OS

CO
M
3
4-i
CO
Z

o

a,

00

cu
u

3

4J

Ul

CO

CU

u

as

C
CO

M

3

4J

en

a)

M
O

C
CO
iH
CU

:=>

o

CO
CU

pq

4J

cn

o

a.
a

c0
3

c/i

M

oo

CO

CD
O
•H
M
I
C

o
z

CO

4-1
O

H

380

CD

-=

■u

u

O

M-l

X

•H

U

u

d

P

•

<3"

>^

r^

cd

en

J3.

■ — i

N^

o

CO

4-1

01

00 CM

C

m

cd

Cn

J3

1 — 1

o

4-J

a

n)

■H

4-1

en

•H

cd

J

pq

Cfl

a

C

o

■H

•

t— 1

^^

•H

M-4

g

^-^

01

<!■

>

vO

X

•H

Tl

c

0)

ft

ft

<

aoxa-uoN

3S3JOI

dmHwg

ijsaaoi

puHidn

UBqan

93T3

TTodS
BSpxz

qsj-em
pspunodmx

qsaBm

JTn3

3Joqsa-B3^

ja^ew usdn

o

o

-3-

O

(--.

00

o

r^

o

o

m

JO

<r

r-»

00

00

.H

CM

en

r-t

en

en

vo

CO

oo

oo

CM

00

oo

U1

i-l

O

o
o

CO

CM
CM

o
oo

vO

en

o

r-.

en
en

O

oo

en
-a-

en
en
o

en
•a-
en

en
en

O

o

o

o

CM

CM

■vf

rH

m

en

en

oo

en

>3-

fH

r^

IM

en

U

i-H

,C

M

01

4-)

■H

3

Cfi

cd

00

en

u

1-1

O

!-i

s

TJ

01

en

00

J_l

cd

•rl

!-J

01

CO

0)
u
cd

3

OJ
M
O

r-l

-a

01

•o

Pi
i-H

<U

O
Cm

O

01
CJ

CO

J3

CO

G

cfl

M

-a

tI

u

CO

M

3

U

.H

3

c

c

J3

ft

U

o

c

M

3

O

3

■rl

4-1

01

cd

CO

CJ

S

1

H

0)

CO

4-1

ft

(J

o

en

a

43

r-l

cfl

cfl

c

ft

CU

CO

B

cd

ft

cO

•H

Sj

ft

01

3

o

o

2

Z

M

Z

c/l

ft

pri

P

p

m

CO

z

381

APPENDIX 6.5 LITERATURE CITED

Able, K. P. 1972. Fall migration in coastal Louisiana and the evolution of
migration patterns in the Gulf region. Wilson Bull. 84( 13) : 231-242.

Adams, J. A. 1960. A contribution to the biology and postlarval development
of the sargassumf ish, Histrio histrio (Linnaeus) , with a discussion of
the sargassum complex. Bull. Mar. Sci. 10(l):55-82.

Adams, R. D. , B. B. Barrett, J. H. Blackmon, B. W. Gane, and W. G. Mclntire.
19 76. Barataria basin: geologic processes and framework. Louisiana
State Univ., Center for Wetland Resources, Baton Rouge. SG-LSU-T-76-006 .

Adams, W. H. 1956. Ecological studies of coastal marsh in vicinity of Price
Lake, Rockefeller Refuge, Cameron Parish, Louisiana. M.S. Thesis. Lou-
isiana State Univ., Baton Rouge. 118 pp.

Adkins, G. 19 72. A study of the crab fishery in Louisiana. La. Wildl. Fish.
Comm. Tech. Bull. 3.

Anderson, J. B. , and H. C. Clark. 1977. Geologic results of the Galveston
County shore erosion study. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Galveston
District. Galveston, Texas.

Anderson, W. W. 1957. Early development, spawning, growth, and occurrence of
the silver mullet (Mugil curema) along the South Atlantic coast of the
United States. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Fish. Bull. 57(119).

. 1958. Larval development, growth, and spawning of striped mullet (Mugil

cephalus) along the South Atlantic coast of the United States. U.S. Fish
Wildl. Serv. Fish. Bull. 58( 144) : 501-519.

, J. W. Gehringer, and F. H. Berry. 1966. Family Synodontidae, lizard-
fishes. Pages 30-102 _in Y. H. Olsen, ed. Fishes of the western North
Atlantic. Mem. No. 1, Sears Found. Mar. Res., Part 5, New Haven, Con-
necticut.

Anonymous. 19 32. Fishes of Texas. Texas Game Fish and Oyster Commission.

Arnold, E. L. , Jr., R. S. Wheeler, and K. N. Baxter. 1960. Observations on

fishes and other biota of East Lagoon, Galveston Island. U.S. Fish Wildl.
Serv. Spec. Sci. Rep. Fish. 344. 30 pp.

Arnoldi, D. C. 19 74. Use of fluorescent granule implantation to estimate
growth rate and length of stay in a Louisiana coastal marsh nursery by
juvenile Atlantic croaker, Micropogon undulatus. M.S. Thesis. Louisiana
State Univ., Baton Rouge. 51 pp.

382

, W. H. Herke, and E. J. Clairain, Jr. 1973. Estimate of growth rate and
length of stay in a marsh nursery of juvenile Atlantic croaker, Micro-
pogon undulatus (Linnaeus), "sandblasted" with fluorescent pigments.
Proc. Gulf Caribb. Fish. Instit. 20th Annu. Sess . : 158- 172 .

Atwood, E. L. 1950. Life history studies of nutria, or coypu, in -oastal
Louisiana. J. Wildl. Manage. 14:249-265.

Bahr, L. M. , and J. J. Hebrard. 1976. Barataria basin: biological charac-
terization. Louisiana State Univ., Center for Wetland Resources, Baton
Rouge. LSU-T-76-005.

, J. W. Day, T. Gayle, J. G. Gosselink, C. S. Hopkinson, D. Smith, and
D. Stellar. 1977. A conceptual model of the Chenier Plain coastal eco-
system of Texas and Louisiana. Louisiana State Univ. , Center for Wetland
Resources, Baton Rouge, and Energy Resources Co., Inc., Cambridge, Mas-
sachusetts .

Baldauf, R. J. 1954. Survey and study of surface and subsurface conditions
in and around Beaumont, Texas. Biological survey of the Neches River in
the region of Beaumont, Texas. Tex. A&M Res. Found., College Station.
184 pp. mimeo.

, J. V. Conner, H. W. Holcombe, and F. M. Truesdale. 1970. A study of

selected chemical and biological conditions of the lower Trinity River
and upper Trinity Bay. Water Res. Instit., Tex. A&M Univ., Tech. Rep.
26. 168 pp.

Barrett, B. B. 1970. Water measurements of coastal Louisiana. Prepared by
Louisiana Wildlife and Fisheries Commission for U.S. Department of In-
terior, Fish and Wildlife Service, Bureau of Commercial Fisheries Proj-
ect 2-22-T of P.L. 88-309. 207 pp.

. 1971. Cooperative Gulf of Mexico estuarine inventory and study, Louisi-
ana. Phase II, hydrology, and Phase III, sedimentology . Louisiana Wildl.
and Fish. Comm. , New Orleans. 191 pp.

Bass, R. J. and J. W. Avault, Jr. 1975. Food habits, length-weight relation-
ship, condition factor, and growth of juvenile red drum, Sciaenops ocel-
lata, in Louisiana. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 104( 1) : 35-45 .

Bellinger, J. W. and J. W. Avault, Jr. 1971. Food habits of juvenile pom-
pano, Trachinotus carolinus, in Louisiana. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
100(3) :486-494.

Benefield, R. L. 19 76. Shell dredging sediments in Galveston and San Antonio
bays. Tex. Parks Wildl. Dep . Tech. Ser. 19.

Bennett, L. J. 1938. The blue-winged teal: its ecology and management.
Collegiate Press, Ames, Iowa. 144 pp.

383

Bent, A. C. , and collaborators. 1919-1968. Life histories of North American
birds. Smithsonian Institute, U.S. Natl. Mus. Bull.: Diving birds,
Bull. 107, 1919; Gulls and terns, Bull. 113, 1921; Petrels and pelicans
and their allies, Bull. 121, 1922; Wild fowl (pt. 1) Bull. 126, 1923;
Wild fowl (pt. 2), Bull. 130, 1925; Marsh birds, Bull. 135, 1927; Shore
birds (pt. 1), Bull. 142, 1927; Shore birds (pt. 2), Bull. 146, 1929;
Gallinaceous birds, Bull. 162, 1932; Birds of prey (pt. 1), Bull. 167,
1937; Birds of prey (pt. 2), Bull. 170, 1938; Woodpeckers, Bull. 174,
19 39; Cuckoos, goatsuckers, hummingbirds, and their allies, Bull. 176,
1940. Flycatchers, larks, swallows, and their allies, Bull. 179, 1947;
Jays, crows, and titmice, Bull. 191, 1947; Nuthatches, wrens, thrashers,
and their allies, Bull. 195, 1948; Thrushes, kinglets, and their allies,
Bull. 196, 1949; Wagtails, shrikes, vireos, and their allies, Bull. 197,
1950; Wood warblers, Bull. 203, 1953; Blackbirds, orioles, tanagers, and
allies, Bull. 211, 1958; North American cardinals, grosbeaks, buntings,
towhees, finshes, sparrows, and allies (pts. 1, 2, and 3), Bull. 237,
1968.

Berry, F. H. and L. E. Vogele. 1961. Filefishes (Monacanthidae) of the
western North Atlantic. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Fish. Bull. 61(181):
1-109.

Bigelow, H. B. and W. C. Schroeder. 1948. Sharks. Pages 54-547 in J. Tee-
Van et al., eds. Fishes of the western North Atlantic. Mem. No. 1,
Sears Found. Mar. Res., Part 1, New Haven, Connecticut.

. 1953. Fishes of the Gulf of Maine. (1st revision). U.S. Fish Wildl.

Serv. Fish. Bull. 53(74) : 1-577.

. 1953. Sawfishes, guitarf ishes , skates and rays. Pages 1-502 jLn J. Tee-
Van et al. , eds. Fishes of the western North Atlantic. Mem. No. 1,
Sears Found. Mar. Res., Part 2, New Haven, Connecticut.

Blakely, J. F. , and P. M. Skinner. 1973. A network for continuous monitoring
of water quality in the Sabine River Basin, Texas and Louisiana. U.S.
Geological Survey.

Boothby, R. N. and J. W. Avault, Jr. 1971. Food habits, length-weight rela-
tionship, and condition factor of the red drum, Sciaenops ocellata, in
southern Louisiana. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 100(2) -.290-295.

Bouchard, J. W. , and C. R. Turner. 1976. Zooplankton. Vol. Ill, App. VI,
Sec. 7 in J. G. Gosselink, R. R. Miller, M. A. Hood, and L. M. Bahr,
Jr., eds. Louisiana offshore oil port : environmental baseline study.
LOOP, Inc., New Orleans, Louisiana.

Braasch, M. E. and P. W. Smith. 1967. Life history of the slough darter,
Etheostoma gracile (Pisces, Percidae) . 111. Nat. Hist. Surv. Biol.
Notes No. 58:1-12.

Brandes , R. J., and collaborators. 1975. Computer program documentation for
the dynamic estuary model with application to Sabine Lake estuarine sys-
tem: Final report. Submitted to Texas Water Development Board, Austin.

384

Breuer, J. P., R. L. Benefield, M. G. Weixelman, D. R. Martinez, and I. Nova.
19 78. Survey of finfish harvest in selected Texas bays. Segment 2.
Tex. Dep. Parks Rec. Tech. Rep., Austin.

Brupbacher, R. H. , J. E. Sedberry, Jr., and W. H. Willis. 1973. The coastal
marshlands of Louisiana; chemical properties of the soil materials. La.
Agric. Exp. Stn. Bull. 672.

Bureau of Commercial Fisheries. 1969. Hydrographic observations from the

Galveston Bay system, Texas, 1958-1967. U.S. Dep. Commerce, Washington,
D.C.

Byrne, J. V., D. 0. Leroy, and C. M. Riley. 1959. The Chenier Plain and its
stratigraphy, southwest Louisiana. Trans. Gulf Coast Assoc. Geol. Soc.
9:237-270.

Carr, A. F. 1952. Handbook of turtles: the turtles of the United States,

Canada, and Baja California. Comstock Publ. Assoc. Cornell Univ. Press,
Ithaca, New York. 542 pp.

Carson, R. 1944. Fish and shellfish of the south Atlantic and Gulf coast.
Conserv. Bull. 37(4):35-36.

Chabreck, R. H. 1960. Coastal marsh impoundments for ducks in Louisiana.
Proc. Annu. Conf. Southeast. Assoc. Game Fish. Comm. 14:24-29.

. 1962. Impoundments provide better duck habitat. La. Conservationist
14(4) :17-20.

. 1965. Movement of alligators in Louisiana. Proc. Annu. Conf. Southeast.
Assoc. Game Fish. Comm. 19:102-110.

. 1966. Methods of determining the size and composition of alligator popu-
lations in Louisiana. Proc. Annu. Conf. Southeast. Assoc. Game Fish.
Comm. 20:105-112.

. 1968a. The relation of cattle grazing to marsh wildlife and plants in

Louisiana. Proc. Annu. Conf. Southeast. Assoc. Game Fish. Comm. 22:55-
58.

. 1968c. Weirs, plugs, and artificial potholes for the management of wild-
life in coastal marshes. Pages 178-192 in J. D. Newsom, ed. Proc. Coast-
al Marsh and Estuary Management Symp. , Louisiana State Univ. , Baton Rouge.

. 19 70. Marsh zones and vegetative types in the Louisiana marshes. Ph.D.

Diss. Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge.

. 1971. The foods and feeding habits of alligators from fresh and saline

environments in Louisiana. Proc. Annu. Conf. Southeast. Assoc. Fish. Comm.
25:117-124.

. 1972. Vegetation, water, and soil characteristics of the Louisiana

coastal region. La. Agric. Exp. Stn. Bull. 664.

385

. 1973. Temperature variation in nests of the American alligator.
Herpetologica 29(1): 48-51.

H. H. Dupuie, and D. J. Belsom. 1974. Establishment of a resident
breeding flock of Canada geese in Louisiana. Proc. Annu. Conf. Southeast.
Assoc. Game Fish. Comm.

Chabreck, R. H. , T. Joanen, and A. W. Palmisano. 1968b. Vegetative type map
of the Louisiana coastal marshes. Louisiana Wildlife and Fisheries
Commission, New Orleans.

Chamberlain, J. L. 1959. Gulf coast marsh vegetation as food for wintering
waterfowl. J. Wildl. Manage. 23( 1) : 97-102.

Chapoton, R. B. 1970. Gulf menhaden fishery. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Circ.
350:38-41.

. 1972. The future of the Gulf menhaden, the U.S.'s largest fishery.
Proc. Gulf Caribb. Fish. Instit. 24th Annu. Sess.: 134-143.

. 1973. Biological considerations and the Gulf of Mexico menhaden fishery.
Proc. Gulf Caribb. Fish. Instit. 26th Annu. Sess.: 15-17

Christmas, J. Y., and D. J. Etzold, eds . 1977. The menhaden fishery of the
Gulf of Mexico, United States: A regional management plan. Gulf Coast
Res. Lab., Ocean Springs, Mississippi.

Coastal Engineering Research Center (CERC) . 1973. Shore protection manuals.
Vols. I and II. U.S. Army Engineers, Fort Belvoir, Virginia.

Combs, R. M. 1969. Embryogenesis, histology, and organology of the ovary of
Brevoortia patronus. Gulf Res. Rep. 2(4) : 338-434.

Conant, R. 1975. A field guide to reptiles and amphibians of eastern and
central North America. Houghton Mifflin Co., Boston, Massachusetts.
429 pp.

Conner, J. V., and F. M. Truesdale. 1973. Ecological implications of a fresh-
water impoundment in a low salinity marsh. Pages 259-276 iri R. H. Cha-
breck, ed. Proc. 2nd Coastal Marsh and Estuary Management Symp., Lou-
isiana State Univ., Baton Rouge.

Conner, W. H. 1975. Productivity and composition of a freshwater swamp in
Louisiana. M.S. Thesis. Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge.

. , and J. W. Day, Jr. 1976. Productivity and composition of a bald-cypress-
water tupelo site and a bottomland hardwood site in a Louisiana swamp.
Am. J. Bot. 63(10) : 1354-1364.

Cooch, F. G. 1961. Ecological aspects of the blue-snow goose complex.
Auk 78:72-79.

386

Copeland, B. J., and T. J. Bechtel. 1971. Some environmental limits of six
important Galveston bay species. Pages 48-70 in Final Report to Texas
Water Quality Board, Austin.

Corty, F. 19 72. Agriculture in the coastal zone of Louisiana. Louisiana
State Univ., Agric. Exp. St., A.E.A. Information Series 25. 27 pp.

Cottam, C. 1939. Food habits of North American diving ducks. U.S. Dep.
Agric. Tech. Bull. 643.

Craig, N. J. and J. W. Day, Jr. 1977. Cumulative impact studies in the Lou-
isiana coastal zone: eutrophication and land loss. Louisiana State
Planning Office Final Report. Baton Rouge.

Craig, N. J., R. E. Turner, and J. W. Day, Jr. 1978. Land loss in coastal
Louisiana. J. Environ. Manage. In Press.

Cruz-Orozco, R. 19 70. A general comparison between the Foraminifera assem-
blages found on a marsh in the Pacific Coast, in Scofield Bayou, and
on the marshland in Barataria Bay region. Louisiana State Univ. , Center
for Wetland Resources, Baton Rouge. Unpubl.

Cry, G. 1965. Tropical cyclones of the North Atlantic Ocean. U.S. Dep.
Comm. , Weather Bur. Tech. Pap. 55. Washington, D.C.

Dahlgren, U. 1972. The life history of the fish Astroscopus (the "star-
gazer"). Sci. Monthly 24:348-365.

Dalquest, W. W. and L. J. Peters. 1966. A life history study of four prob-
lematic fish in Lake Diversion, Archer and Baylor counties, Texas. Tex.
Game and Fish. Comm. IF Rep. Ser. 6. 87 pp.

Darnell, R. M. 1958. Food habits of fishes and larger invertebrates of Lake
Pontchartrain, Louisiana, an estuarine community. Publ. Inst. Mar. Sci.
Univ. Tex. 5:353-416.

. 1961. Trophic spectrum of an estuarine community, based on studies of

Lake Pontchartrain, Louisiana. Ecology 42:553-568.

Dawson, C. E. 1964. A revision of the western Atlantic flatfish genus Gymna
chirus (the naked sole). Copeia 1964(4) :646-665.

. 1969. Studies on the gobies of Mississippi Sound and adjacent waters.

II. An illustrated key to the gobioid fishes. Publ. Gulf Coast Res.
Lab. Mus. 1. 59 pp.

Day, J. W. , Jr., T. Butler, R. Allen, J. G. Gosselink, and W. C. Stowe. 1976.
Flora and community metabolism of aquatic systems within the Louisiana
wetlands. App . VI, Sec. 4 in J . G. Gosselink, R. R. Miller, M. A. Hood,
and L. M. Bahr, Jr., eds. Louisiana offshore oil port : environmental
baseline study. LOOP, Inc., New Orleans, Louisiana.

387

Day, J. W. , Jr., W. G. Smith, P. Watner, and W. Stowe. 1973. Community struc-
ture and carbon budget in a salt marsh and shallow bay estuarine system
in Louisiana. Louisiana State Univ., Center for Wetland Resources, Baton
Rouge. LSU-SG-72-04.

Denoux, G. J. 19 76. A study of the plankton community of the Calcasieu

estuary, Louisiana. M.S. Thesis. Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge.

Diener, R. A. 1975. Cooperative Gulf of Mexico estuarine inventory and
study-Texas: area description. U.S. Dep. Commerce, NOAA Tech. Rep.
NMFS CIRC- 393, Seattle, Washington. 129 pp.

Dodd, J. D. , and J. W. Webb. 1975. Establishment of vegetation for shore-
line stabilization in Galveston Bay. U.S. Army Engineers Coastal En-
gineering Research Center, Fort Belvoir, Virginia. MP6-75.

Domingue, Szabo and Assoc, Inc. 1975. Louisiana Water Quality Management
Plan, prepared for Louisiana State Department of Health and Human Re-
sources, Baton Rouge.

Douglas, N. H. 1974. Freshwater fishes of Louisiana. Claitor's Publ. Div. ,
Baton Rouge. 443 pp.

Dryfoos, R. L. and P. J. Pristas. 1970. Mark-recapture of Gulf menhaden.
U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Circ. 350:35-36.

Ecology and Environment, Inc. 1977. Environmental assessment report for the
pipelines linking the Sabine Pass terminal and the Big Hill Salt Dome
Storage area. Houston, Texas.

Espey, Huston, and Assoc. 19 76. A study of the placement of materials

dredged from Texas ports and waterways. Prepared for the Texas General
Land Office. 2 vols. Austin.

. 1977. Marsh biology and nutrient exchange in three Texas estuaries.

Prepared for the Texas Water Development Board, Austin. Document 77-102.

Farlow, J. E. 1976. Ecological impact of Dimilin on the aquatic fauna of a

Louisiana coastal marsh. Ph.D. Diss. Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge.

Feray, D. E. 1965. Beach erosion, Sabine Pass - Bolivar Peninsula area.
Texas Christian Univ., Fort Worth.

Fielder, L. L. , Jr., and S. L. Guy. 1975. Agriculture statistics for Lou-
isiana 1971-1974. Louisiana State Univ. Agric. Exp. Stn. , DAE Research
Rep. 496.

Fingerman, S. W. and R. D. Suttkus. 1961. Comparisons of Hybognathus hayi
Jordan and Hybognathus nuchalis Agassiz. Copeia 196 1(4) : 462-467 .

Fisher, W. L. , J. H. McGowen, L. F. Brown, Jr., and C. G. Groat. 1972.

Environmental geologic atlas of the Texas coastal zone - Galveston -
Houston area. Bureau of Economic Geology, Univ. Texas, Austin.

388

. 19 73. Environmental geologic atlas of the Texas coastal zone - Beaumont-
Port Arthur area. Bureau of Economic Geology, Univ. Texas, Austin.

Fore, P. L. 1969. Oceanic distribution of eggs and larvae of the Gulf men-
haden. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Circ. 341:11-13.

. 19 70. Oceanic distribution of eggs and larvae of the Gulf menhaden.
Report of the Bureau Comm. Fish. Bio. Lab., Beaufort, N.C., for the
fiscal year ending June 30, 1968. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Circ. 341:11-13.

. , and K. N. Baxter. 1972. Diel fluctuations in the catch of larval Gulf

menhaden, Brevoortia patronus, at Galveston entrance, Texas. Trans. Am.
Fish. Soc. 101(4) :729-732.

Forman, W. W. 1968. The ecology of the Cyprinodontidae (Pisces) of Grand
Terre Island, Louisiana. M.S. Thesis. Louisiana State Univ., Baton
Rouge. 115 pp.

Forrest and Cotten, Inc. 1958. Toledo Bend reservoir on the Sabine River of
Texas and Louisiana, report on feasibility. 7 vols. Austin, Texas.

. I960. Runoff from subdivisions, Sabine River watershed, Sabine River

authority master plan. Austin, Texas.

. 1962. Toledo Bend dam and reservoir, logs of borings for construction

of spillway, embankment, power plant. Austin, Texas.

. 1963. Toledo Bend dam and reservoir, Sabine River, Texas and Louisiana,

specification number 198 for construction of spillway. Austin, Texas.

. 1967. Forrest Bend dam and reservoir, Sabine River, Texas and Louisiana,

acquisitions and construction, quarterly program report. Austin, Texas.

Fowler, H. W. 1933. Notes on Louisiana fishes. Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash.
46:57-64.

Fox, L. S. and C. J. White. 1969. Feeding habits of the southern flounder,
Paralichthys lethostigma, in Barataria Bay, Louisiana. Proc. La. Acad.
Sci. 32:31-58!

Gagliano, S. M. , and J. L. van Beek. 1970. Geologic and geomorphic aspects
of deltaic processes, Mississippi delta system. Hydrologic and geologic
studies of coastal Louisiana. Rep. 1. Louisiana State Univ., Center for
Wetland Resources, Baton Rouge.

Gallaway, B. J., and K. Strawn. 1974. Seasonal abundance and distribution of
marine fishes at a hot-water discharge in Galveston Bay, Texas. Contr.
Mar. Sci. Univ. Texas 18:71-137.

Gary, D. L. 1974. The commercial crawfish industry in south Louisiana.

Louisiana State Univ., Center for Wetland Resources, Baton Rouge. LSU-
SG-74-01.

389

. 19 75. The geography of commercial crayfish ponds in south Louisiana.
Pages 117-124 jLn J. W. Avault Jr., ed. Freshwater crayfish: papers from
the second international symposium on freshwater crayfish. Louisiana
State Univ., Div. Continuing Education, Baton Rouge. 676 pp.

Gauthreaux, S. A., Jr. 1971. A radar and direct visual study of passerine
migration in southern Louisiana. Auk 88(2) : 343-365.

Gilbert, C. R. 1968. Western Atlantic batrachoidid fishes of the genus

Porichthys, including three new species. Bull. Mar. Sci. 18(3) :671-730.

Giles, L. S., and V. Childs. 1949. Alligator management on the Sabine
National Wildlife Refuge. J. Wildl. Manage. 13(1) : 16-28.

Gillespie, M. C. 1971. Analysis and treatment of zooplankton of estuarine

waters of Louisiana. Sect. II in W. S. Perret, ed. Cooperative Gulf of
Mexico estuarine inventory and study, Louisiana. Phase IV, biology.
Louisiana Wildlife and Fisheries Commission, New Orleans.

Ginsburg, I. 1950. Review of the western Atlantic Triglidae. Tex. J. Sci.
2(4):489-527.

_. 1951. Western Atlantic tonguefishes with descriptions of six new species.

Zoologica 36(3) : 185-201.

Glaser, 0. C. 1904. An incomplete list of the marine fauna of Cameron,
Louisiana. La. Gulf Biol. Stn. Bull. (2):41-42.

Glasgow, L. L. , and J. L. Bardwell. 1962. Pintail and teal foods in south
Louisiana. Proc. Annu. Conf. Southeast. Assoc. Game Fish. Comm.
16:175-184.

Glasgow, L. L. , and H. A. Junca. 1962. Mallard foods in Louisiana. La.
Acad. Sci. 25:63-74.

Glazener, W. C. 1946. Food habits of wild geese of the Gulf coast of Texas.
J. Wildl. Manage. 10:322-329.

Gowanloch, J. N. 19 33. Fishes and fishing in Louisiana. Louisiana Depart-
ment of Conservation. Bull. 23. 701 pp.

Guest, W. C. and G. Gunter, 1958. The seatrout or weakfishes (genus

Cynoscion) of the Gulf of Mexico. Gulf St. Mar. Fish. Comm. Tech. Summ.
1. 40 pp.

Gulf University Research Consortium (GURC) . 1972. The use of grasses for
dune stabilization along the Gulf coast with initial emphasis on the
Texas coast. Rep. 120. Galveston, Texas.

Gunter, G. 1938. Seasonal variations in abundance of certain estuarine and
marine fishes in Louisiana, with particular reference to life histories.
Ecol. Monogr. 8:313-346.

. 1941. Relative numbers of shallow water fishes of the northern Gulf of

Mexico, with some records of rare fishes from the Texas coast. Am. Midi.
Nat. 26:194-200.

390

. 1945. Studies on marine fishes of Texas. Publ. Instit. Mar. Sci. Univ.
Tex. 1(1) : 1-190.

. 1948. Notes on fishes of the genus Scorpaena from the South Atlantic and
Gulf coasts of the United States, with descriptions of two new species.
Copeia 1948(3) : 157-166.

. 1956. Some relations of faunal distributions to salinity in estuarine
waters. Ecology 37(3) :6 16-6 19 .

, and J. Y. Christmas. 1960. A review of literature on menhaden with
special reference to the Gulf of Mexico menhaden. Spec. Sci. Rep., U.S.
Fish wildl. Serv. Spec. Sci. Rep. 363. 31 pp.

Gunter, G. , and W. E. Shell, Jr. 1958. A study of an estuarine area with
water-level control in the Louisiana marsh. Proc. La. Acad. Sci.
21:5-34.

Hall, E. R., and K. R. Kelson. 1959. The mammals of North America. 2 vols.
Ronald Press, New York. 1241 pp.

Harmon, B. G. , C. H. Thomas, and L. L. Glasgow. 1960. Water fowl foods in
Louisiana rice fields. Trans. North Am. Wildl. Conf. 25:153-167.

Hastings, R. W. and R. W. Yerger. 1971. Ecology and life history of the
diamond killifish, Adinia xenica. Am. Midi. Nat. 86(2) : 276-29 1.

Hawkins, A. S. 1964. Mississippi flyway. In J. P. Linduska, ed. Waterfowl
Tomorrow. U.S. Dep. Interior, Bur. Sport Fish, and Wildl., Washington,
D.C.

Heffernan, T. L. , A. W. Green, L. W. McEachron, M. G. Weixelman, P. C.

Hammerschmidt, and R. A. Harrington. 1977. Survey of finfish harvest
of selected Texas bays. Segment 1. Texas Dep. Parks Rec. Tech. Rep.,
Austin.

Herke, W. H. 1966. Final report on biological studies within the coastal
marsh area east of Calcasieu Lake, Louisiana. Louisiana Cooperative
Fisheries Research Unit. Unpubl. mimeo.

. 1968. Weirs, potholes, and fishery management. Pages 193-211 in J. D.

Newsom, ed. Proc. coastal marsh and estuary manage, symp. Louisiana
State Univ. , Baton Rouge.

. 1971. Use of natural and semi-impounded Louisiana tidal marshes as
nurseries for fish and crustaceans. Ph.D. Diss. Louisiana State Univ.,
Baton Rouge. 242 pp.

Hildebrand, H. H. 1954. A study of the fauna of the brown shrimp (Penaeus
aztecus Ives) grounds in the western Gulf of Mexico. Publ. Instit.
Mar. Sci. Univ. Tex. 3(2) : 233-366.

391

Hildebrand, S. F. 1963. Family Elopidae. Pages 111-131 in H. B. Bigelow et
al., eds. Fishes of the western North Atlantic. Mem. 1. Sears Found.
Mar. Res., Part 3. New Haven, Connecticut.

. 1963. Family Engraulidae. Pages 152-249 in H. B. Bigelow et al., eds.

Fishes of the western North Atlantic. Mem. 1, Sears Found. Mar. Res.,
Part 3. New Haven, Connecticut.

. 1963. Family Clupeidae. Pages 257-454 in H. B. Bigelow et al., eds.

Fishes of the western North Atlantic. Mem. 1, Sears Found. Mar. Res.,
Part 3. New Haven, Connecticut.

Hildebrand, S. F. and W. C. Schroeder. 1928. Fishes of Chesapeake Bay.
Bull. U.S. Bur. Fish. 43:1-388.

Hildebrand, S. F. , and L. E. Cable. 1930. Development and life history of
fourteen teleostean fishes at Beaufort, N.C. Bull. U.S. Bur. Fish.
46:383-488.

. 19 34. Reproduction and development of whitings or kingfishes, drums,

spot, croaker, and weakfishes or seatrouts, Family Sciaenidae, of the
Atlantic coast of the United States. Bull. U.S. Bur. Fish. 48:41-117.

. 1938. Further notes on the development and life history of some teleosts

at Beaufort, N.C. Bull. U.S. Bur. Fish. 48:505-642.

Hill, F. R. , and Masch, F. D. 1969. General considerations prerequisite to
further Galveston Bay shell removal. Univ. Texas, Center for Research
in Water Resources, Austin. Ocean Engineering Tech. Rep. HYD. 15-6901,
DRWR 48.

Ho, B. Y. H. and E. McLaughlin. 1976. Climate data. State of Louisiana.

Louisiana State Univ., Solar Energy Prog., Dep. Chem. Eng. , Baton Rouge.

Hoese, H. D. 1958. A partially annotated checklist of the marine fishes of
Texas. Publ. Instit. Mar. Sci. Univ. Tex. 5:312-352.

. 1965. Spawning of marine fishes in the Port Aransas, Texas, area as

determined by the distribution of young and larvae. Ph.D. Diss. Univ.
Texas, Austin. 145 pp.

. , and D. Hoese. 1967. Studies on the biology of the feeding reaction in

Gobiosoma bosci. Tulane Stud. Zool. 14(2):55-62.

Hoffpauir, C. M. 1961. Methods of measuring and determining the effects of
marsh fires. Proc. Annu. Conf. Southeast. Assoc. Game Fish. Comm.
15:142-160.

. 1968. Burning for coastal marsh management. Pages 134-139 in J. D. New-

som, ed. Marsh and Estuary Management Symp., Louisiana State Univ., Baton
Rouge .

392

Hofstetter, R. P. 1977. Trends in population levels of the American oyster,
Crassostrea virginica Gmelin, on public reefs. Texas Parks Wildl. Dep.
Tech. Ser. 24, Austin. 147 pp.

Holcomb, H. W. 1970. An ecological study of the Gulf menhaden, Brevoortia
patronus, in a low salinity estuary in Texas. M.S. Thesis. Tex. A&M
Univ., College Station.

Holiman, S. n.d. Water quality segment report for Segment No. 0502, Sabine
River. Texas Water Quality Board, Austin.

Holtzapple, T. 1976. Sabine Pass Battleground State Historical Park, Jef-
ferson Co., Texas archeological investigations. Texas Dep., Parks Wildl.
Austin.

Huston, R. J. 1974. Galveston Bay Project: Statistical summary of water

quality conditions in the Galveston Bay System. Espey Huston and Assoc. ,
Austin.

James, W. P., S. Giesler, R. DeOtte, and M. Inoue. 1977. Environmental con-
siderations relating to operation and maintenance of the Texas Gulf Intra-
coastal Waterway. Texas A&M Univ., College Station. TAMU-SG-78-204.

Jaworski, E. 1971. Geographic analysis of shoreline recession, coastal east
Texas. Environment Quality Program, Texas A&M Univ. EQN03. College
Station.

Joanen, T. 1964. A study of the factors that influence the establishment of
natural and artificial stands of widgeon grass (Ruppia maritima on Rocke-
feller Refuge, Cameron Parish, Louisiana. M.S. Thesis. Louisiana State
Univ., Baton Rouge.

. 1969. Nesting ecology of alligators in Louisiana. Proc. Annu. Conf.

Southeast. Assoc. Game Fish. Comm. 23:141-151.

. , and L. McNease. 1970. A telemetric study of nesting female alligators

on Rockefeller Refuge, Louisiana. Proc. Annu. Conf. Southeast. Assoc.
Game Fish. Comm. 24:175-193.

_. 1971. Propagation of the American alligators in captivity. Proc. Annu.

Conf. Southeast. Assoc. Game Fish. Comm. 25:106-116.

. 1972a. A telemetric study of adult male alligators on Rockefeller Ref-
uge, Louisiana. Proc. Annu. Conf. Southeast. Assoc. Game Fish Comm.
26:262-275.

. 19 72b. Salinity tolerance of hatchling alligators. Page 56 in Louisiana

Wildlife and Fisheries Commission 14th Biennial Report 1970-71.

. 19 75. Notes on the reproductive biology and captive propagation of the

American alligator. Proc. Annu. Conf. Southeast. Assoc. Game Fish. Comm.
29:407-414.

393

. 19 76. Culture of immature American alligators in controlled environ-
mental chambers. Proc. Annu. Meeting World Mariculture Soc. 7:201-212.

. , and G. Linscombe. 1974. An analysis of Louisiana's 1973 experimental

alligator harvest program. Louisiana Wildlife and Fisheries Commission,
New Orleans.

Johnsgard, P. A. 1975. Waterfowl of North America. Indiana University
Press, Bloomington. 575 pp.

Kapraun, D. F. 1974. Seasonal periodicity and spatial distribution of ben-
thic marine algae in Louisiana. Contrib. Mar. Sci. 18:139-167.

Kays, C. E. 1956. An ecological study with emphasis on nutria (Myocastor
coypus) in the vicinity of Price Lake, Rockefeller Refuge, Cameron
Parish, Louisiana. M.S. Thesis. Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge.

Kimble, R. B., and A. B. Ensminger. 1959. Duck food habits in southwestern
Louisiana after a hurricane. J. Wildl. Manage. 23:453.

Klima, E. F. 1959. Aspects of the biology and the fishery for Spanish
mackerel, Scomberomorous maculatus (Mitchill) , of southern Florida.
Publ. Florida St. Bd. Conserv. 27:6-37.

Knapp, F. T. 1950. Menhaden utilization in relation to the conservation of
food and game fishes of the Texas Gulf coast. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
79:137-144.

Kortwright, F. H. 1967. The ducks, geese and swans of North America.
Stackpole Co., Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. 476 pp.

Kroger, R. L. , and P. J. Pristas. 1975. Movements of tagged juvenile men-
haden in the Gulf of Mexico. Texas J. Sci. Quoted in J. Y. Christmas
and D. J. Etzold, eds. 1977. The menhaden fishery of the Gulf of Mexi-
co, United States: a regional management plan. Gulf Coast Res. Lab.,
Ocean Springs, Mississippi.

Lagler, K. F. , J. E. Bardach, and R. R. Miller. 1962. Ichthyology. John
Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York. 545 pp.

Larimore, R. W. 1957. Ecological life history of the warmouth (Centrarchi-
dae) . 111. Nat. Hist. Surv. Bull. 27(1): 1-83.

Lindall, W. N. , J. Hall, J. E. Sykes, and E. L. Arnold. 1972. Louisiana

coastal zone: analysis of resources and resource development needs in
connection with estuarine ecology. Sections 10 and 13 — Fishery re-
sources and their needs. Rep. to the Comm. Fish. Work Unit, NMFS Biol.
Lab., St. Petersburg, Florida. Prepared for USACE, New Orleans Dist.,
Louisiana.

Loesch, H. 1976. Nekton. Vol. Ill, App. VI, Sec. 8 in J. G. Gosselink,

R. R. Miller, M. A. Hood, and L. M. Bahr, Jr., eds. Louisiana offshore

oil port: environmental baseline study LOOP, Inc., New Orleans, Loui-
siana.

394

Longley, W. H. and S. F. Hildebrand. 1941. Systematic catalogue of the
fishes of Tortugas, Florida. Carnegie Institute, Washington, Publ.
535. 331 pp.

Lorio, W. and H. Schafer. 1966. A food habit study of the spotted seatrout,
Cynoscion nebulosus , in the Biloxi marsh area, Louisiana. Pages 289-
296 in Proc. 19th Annu. Conf. Southeast. Assoc. Game Fish Comm.

Louisiana Department of Conservation. 1977. Summary of field statistics
and drilling operations, Louisiana 1974. Baton Rouge.

Louisiana Department of Health. 1972. Louisiana oyster water survey 196 7—
19 72, coastal marshes - Cameron Parish. Baton Rouge.

Louisiana Department of Public Works. 1969 to 1974. Comprehensive water
and related land resources study. Baton Rouge.

Louisiana State Parks and Recreation Commission. 1974. Louisiana State
Comprehensive Outdoor Recreation Plan. Baton Rouge.

Louisiana State Planning Office. 19 75. Land use and data analysis program.
Baton Rouge.

Louisiana Wildlife and Fisheries Commission. 1961. Louisiana waterfowl
population study. Final Report, July 1949-June 1961. New Orleans.

. 1966-1967. Biennial Report 12. New Orleans.

. 19 75 and earlier years. Biennial Reports. New Orleans.

. 1976. Louisiana hunting, fishing, trapping, and motorboat regulations

1976-77. New Orleans.

Louton, J. H., and R. W. Bouchard. 1976. Insects. Vol. 3, App. VI, Sec. 9
in J, G. Gosselink, R. R. Miller, M. Hood, and L. M. Bahr, Jr., eds.
Louisiana offshore oil port : environmental baseline study. LOOP, Inc.
New Orleans, Louisiana.

Lowery, G. H. , Jr. 1974a. Louisiana birds. 3rd Ed. Louisiana State Univ.
Press, Baton Rouge.

. 19 74b. The mammals of Louisiana and its adjacent waters. Louisiana
State Univ. Press, Baton Rouge. 565 pp.

Martin, F. D. 1970. Feeding habits of Cyprinodon variegatus (Cyprinodon-
tidae) from the Texas coast. Southwest Nat. 14:363-369.

Masch, F. D. 1967. Shell dredging, a factor in sedimentation in Galveston
Bay. Texas Univ. Center for Research in Water Resources, Austin.

Matlock, G. C, and J. E. Weaver. 1978. Trends in finfish abundance in
Texas estuaries as indicated by gill nets. Texas Parks and Wildlife
Dep. , Austin.

395

McCarley, S. 1975. Water quality segment report for Segment No. 0505,
Sabine River. Texas Water Quality Board, Austin.

McGowen, J. H. , L. E. Garner, B. H. Wilkinson. 1977. The Gulf shoreline of
Texas: processes, characteristics, and factors in use. Univ. Texas, Bur.
Econ. Geol. Austin, Geol. Circ. 77-3.

McGowen, T. 1977. Texas submerged lands : sampling and preliminary analysis
and mapping of Texas bays and inner continental shelf. Univ. Texas,
Bureau of Economic Geology, Austin.

McHugh, J. L. 1967. Estuarine nekton. Pages 581-620 i_n G. H. Lauff, ed.
Estuaries. Am. Assoc. Adv. Sci. Publ. 83.

Mclntire, W. G. , M. H. Hershman, R. D. Adams, K. D. Midboe, and B. B. Barrett.
19 75. A rationale for determining Louisiana's coastal zone. Louisiana
State Univ., Center for Wetland Resources, Baton Rouge. LSU-T-75-006 .

McNease, L. , and T. Joanen. 1974. A study of immature alligators on Rocke-
feller Refuge, Louisiana. Proc. Annu. Conf. Southeast. Assoc. Game Fish.
Coram. 28:482-500.

Melancon, L. J., ed. 1977. Louisiana annual oil and gas report. 1974.
Louisiana Department of Conservation, Baton Rouge.

Miles, D. W. 1949. A study of the food habits of the fishes of the Aransas
Bay area. Pages 126-169 in Tex. Game, Fish and Oyster Comm. , Mar. Lab.
Annu. Rep. 1948-49.

Miller, R. R. 1963. Genus Do ro soma. Pages 443-451 in H. B. Bigelow et al. ,
eds. Fishes of the western North Atlantic. Mem. 1, Sears Found. Mar.
Res., Part 3. New Haven, Connecticut.

Moody, W. D. 1950. A study of the natural history of the spotted seatrout ,
Cynoscion nebulosus, in the Cedar Key, Florida area. Q. J. Fla. Acad.
Sci. 12(3) :147-171.

Moore, D. , H. A. Brusher, and L. Trent. 1970. Relative abundance, seasonal
distribution, and species composition of demersal fishes off Louisiana
and Texas, 1962-64. Contrib. Mar. Sci. 15:45-70.

Morgan, J. P., and P. B. Larimore. 1957. Changes in the Louisiana shoreline.
Trans. Gulf Coast Assoc. Geol. Soc. 7:303-310.

Morton, R. A. 1975. Shoreline changes between Sabine Pass and Bolivar Roads:
an analysis of historical changes of the Texas Gulf shoreline. Univ.
Texas, Bureau of Economic Geology, Austin. (GC 75-6).

Muller, R. A. and P. B. Larimore. 1975. Atlas of seasonal water budget com-
ponents of Louisiana (1941-1970). Publ. on climatology, laboratory of
climatology 28(1): 1-19.

396

Murray, R. E. 1970. Population and harvest estimates for game animals in

selected southwest Louisiana river basins. Louisiana Wildlife Fisheries
Commission. New Orleans. Unpubl.

Murray, S. P. 1976. Currents and circulation in the coastal waters of Lou-
isiana. Louisiana State Univ., Center for Wetland Resources, Baton
Rouge. LSU-T-76-003.

Norden, C. R. 1966. The seasonal distribution of fishes in Vermilion Bay,
Louisiana. Wise. Acad. Sci., Arts, Lett. (55) : 1 19-137.

Odum, W. E. 1970. Utilization of the direct grazing and plant detritus food
chains by the striped mullet, Mugil cephalus , Pages 222-240 ^Ln J. H.
Steele, ed. Marine food chains. Univ. California Press, Berkeley.

. 19 71. Pathways of energy flow in a South Florida estuary. Univ. Miami
Sea Grant Tech. Bull. 7. 162 pp.

O'Neil, T. 1949. The muskrat in the Louisiana coastal marshes. Louisiana
Wildlife and Fisheries Commission, New Orleans. 159 pp.

Palermo, R. J., and G. L. Doster. 1970. A comparison of the late winter
foods and parasites of bobwhite quail and black francolins in south-
western Louisiana. Proc. Annu. Conf. Southeast. Assoc. Game Fish.
Comm. 24:206-212.

Palmisano, A. W. 1967. Ecology of Scirpus olneyi and S^. robustus in Louisi-
ana coastal marshes. M.S. Thesis. Louisiana State Univ.. Baton Rouge.

. 1970. Plant community-soil relationships in Louisiana coastal marshes.
Ph.D. Diss. Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge.

. 19 72a. Habitat preference of waterfowl and fur animals in the northern

Gulf coast marshes. Proc. Coastal Marsh and Estuary Manage. Symp.
Louisiana State Univ., Div. Cont . Ed., Baton Rouge.

. 19 72b. The distribution and abundance of muskrats (Ondatra zibethicus)

in relation to vegetative types in Louisiana coastal marshes. Pages
160-167 in Proc. 26th Annu. Conf. Southeast. Assoc. Game Fish. Comm.

. , T. Joanen, and L. McNease. 1973. An analysis of Louisiana's 1972

experimental alligator harvest program. Proc. Annu. Conf. Southeast.
Assoc. Game Fish Comm. 27:184-206.

Parker, J. C. 1965. An annotated checklist of the fishes of the Galveston
Bay System, Texas. Publ. Instit. Mar. Sci. Univ. Tex. 10:201-220.

. 19 70. Distribution of juvenile brown shrimp (Penaeus aztecus Ives) in

Galveston Bay, Texas, as related to certain hydrographic features and
salinity. Contrib. Mar. Sci. 15:1-12.

397

. 1971. The biology of the spot, Leiostomus xanthurus Lacepede, and At-
lantic croaker, Micropogon undulatus (Linnaeus) , in two Gulf of Mexico
nursery areas. Tex. A&M Univ. TAMU-SG-71-2 10 . 183 pp.

Pearson, J. C. 1929. Natural history and conservation of redfish and other
commercial sciaenids on the Texas coast. Bull. U.S. Bur. Fish., 44:129-
214.

Penn, G. H. , Jr. 1959. An illustrated key to the crawfishes of Louisiana
with a summary of their distribution within the state (Decapoda, Asta-
cidae) . Tulane Stud. Zool. 7(1): 3-20.

Perret, W. S. 1971. Cooperative Gulf of Mexico estuarine inventory and

study, Louisiana. Phase IV, biology. Louisiana Wildlife and Fisheries
Commission, New Orleans.

. , B. B. Barrett, W. P. Latapie, J. F. Pollard, W. R. Mock, G. B. Adkins,

W. J. Gaidry, and C. J. White. 1971. Cooperative Gulf of Mexico estu-
arine inventory and study, Louisiana. Louisiana Wildlife and Fisheries
Commission, New Orleans.

Perry, W. G. , Jr. 1976. Standing crops of fishes of an estuarine area in

southwest Louisiana. Proc. 30th Annu. Conf. Southeast. Assoc. Game Fish.
Comm.

. , T. Joanen, and L. McNease. 1970. Crawfish-waterfowl, a multiple use

concept for impounded marshes. Proc. Annu. Conf. Southeast. Assoc. Game
Fish. Comm. 24:506-519.

Peterson, R. T. 1963. A field guide to the birds of Texas and adjacent
States. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston.

Portnoy, J. W. 1977. Nesting colonies of seabirds and wading birds - coastal
Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service,
Biological Services Program. FWS/0BS 77/07. 126 pp.

Prather, S. H. , and R. M. Sorenson. 1972. A field investigation of Rollover
Fish Pass, Bolivar Peninsula, Tex. Texas A&M Univ., College Station.
TAMU-SG-72-202.

Pullen, E. J. 1962. An ecological survey of area M-2 , a study of the fishes
of upper Galveston Bay. Tex. Game and Fish Comm., Mar. Fish. Div. Proj .
Rep., 1960-1961. Proj. No. M-2-R-3. 28 pp.

Ragan, J. G. 1976. Benthic macroinverteb rates. Vol. II, App. V, Sec. 5 ±n

J. G. Gosselink, R. R. Miller, M. A. Hood, and L. M. Bahr, Jr., eds .

Louisiana offshore oil port : environmental baseline study. LOOP, Inc.,
New Orleans, Louisiana.

Railroad Commission of Texas. 1974. Annual production by active fields. Oil
and Gas Division, Austin.

398

Reggio, V. C, Jr. 1967. Spring and summer foods of bullfrogs in Louisiana
coastal marshes. M.S. Thesis. Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge.

Reid, G. K. , Jr. 1954. An ecological study of the Gulf of Mexico fishes in
the vicinity of Cedar Key, Florida. Bull. Mar. Sci. Gulf Caribb. 4(1):
1-94.

. 1955. A summer study of the biology and ecology of East Bay, Texas.

Part 2. Tex. J. Sci. 7(4) : 430-453.

1956. Ecological investigations in a disturbed Texas coastal estuary.
Tex. J. Sci. 8(3) =296-327.

. , A. Inglis, and H. D. Hoese. 1956. Summer foods of some fish species

in East Bay, Texas. Southwest Nat. 1(3) : 100-104.

Reintjes, J. W. and F. C. June. 1961. A challenge to the fish meal and oil
industry in the Gulf of Mexico. Pages 62-66 in Proc. Gulf Caribb. Fish.
Inst it., 13th Annu. Sess.

_. , J. W. and A. L. Pacheco. 1966. The relation of menhaden to estuaries.

Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ . 3:50-58.

., and P. M. Keney. 1975. Annotated bibliography on the biology of the
menhaden, genus Brevoortia, 1963-1973. Natl. Mar. Fish. Serv. , Spec.
Sci. Rep. Fish. 687:1-92.

Reubsamen, R. N. 1972. Some ecological aspects of the fish fauna of a Lou-
isiana intertidal pond system. M.S. Thesis. Louisiana State Univ.,
Baton Rouge. 80 pp.

Rice Center for Community Design and Research. 1974. Environmental analysis
for development planning, Chambers Co., Texas. An approach to natural
environmental analysis. 2 vols. 400 Parkway Tower, 1929 Allen Parkway,
Houston, Texas.

Riley, F. 1969. Fisheries of the United States. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv.
Comm. Fish. Stat. 5300 pp.

Riley, G. A., and R. T. McBride. 1972. A survey of the red wolf (Caries

rufus) . U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv., Bur. Sport Fish Wild. Spec. Sci. Rep.

162.
Rivas, L. R. 1963. Genus Harengula. Pages 386-396 in H. B. Bigelow et al.,

eds. Fishes of the western North Atlantic. Mem. 1, Sears Found. Mar.

Res., Part 3. New Haven, Connecticut.

Robbins, C. S., R. Bruun, H. S. Zim, and A. Singer. 1966. A guide to field

identification. Birds of North America. Golden Press, New York. 340 pp.

Robbins, T. W. 1969. A systematic study of the silversides Membras Bonaparte
and Menidia (Linnaeus) (Atherinidae, Teleostei) . Ph.D. Diss. Cornell
Univ., Ithaca, New York.

Rogers, J. P., and L. J. Korschaer. 1966. Foods of lesser scaups on breeding,
migration and wintering areas. J. Wildl. Manage. 30(2) :258-264.

399

Roithmayr, C. M. and R. A. Waller. 1963. Seasonal occurrence of Brevoortia
patronus in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 92(3):
301-302.

Roithmayr, C. M. 1965. Industrial bottomfish fishery of the northern Gulf
of Mexico, 1959-63. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Spec. Sci. Rep. 518:1-23.

Ross, W. M. 1972. Methods of establishing natural and artificial stands of
Scirpus olneyi. M.S. Thesis. Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge.

Sabine River Authorities of Texas and Louisiana. 1963. Application for

Federal Power Commission License for Toledo Bend Project, Sabine River.

Sabine, D. S. 1973. Diel studies of larval and juvenile fishes of the

Caminada Pass area, Louisiana. M.S. Thesis. Louisiana State Univ.,
Baton Rouge. 163 pp.

Sanderson, G. C., ed. 1977. Management of migratory shore and upland game

birds in North America. The International Association of Fish and VJild-
life Agencies, Washington, D.C.

Schroer, J. D. , and R. H. Chabreck. 1974. Dispersal and integrity of snow
geese in Louisiana and Texas. Proc. 28th Annu. Conf. Southeast. Assoc.
Game Fish. Comm.

Scott, W. B. and E. J. Crossman. 1973. Freshwater fishes of Canada. J.
Fish. Res. Board Can. Bull. 184. 966 pp.

Seelig, W. N. , and R. M. Sorensen. 1973. Historic shoreline changes in

Texas. Proj . Rep. COE-165. Texas A&M Univ. , College Station. TAMU-SG-
73-206.

Shampine, W. J. 1971. Selected hydrologic characteristics of the Sabine
River and Bayou Anacoco, Louisiana and Texas. U.S. Geological Survey
Water Resources Division in cooperation with Sabine River Compact Ad-
ministration. Baton Rouge, Louisiana.

Shannon, E. E. , and P. L. Brezonik. 1971. Relationships between lake

trophic state and nitrogen and phosphorus loading rate. Environ. Sci.
and Tech. 6:719-725.

Shipp, R. L. 1974. The pufferfishes (Tetraodontidae) of the Atlantic Ocean.
Publ. Gulf Coast Res. Lab. Mus. 4. 162 pp.

Simmons, E. G. and J. P. Brueur. 1962. A study of redfish, Sciaenops

ocellata Linnaeus, and black drum, Pogonias cromis Linnaeus. Publ.
Instit. Mar. Sci. Univ. Tex. 8:184-211.

Simpson, D. G. and G. Gunter. 1956. Notes on the habitats, systematic char-
acters, and life histories of Texas salt water cyprinodonts . Tulane
Stud. Zool. 4(4): 115-134.

Singleton, J. R. 1948. Quantitative production of some waterfowl food

plants on the East Texas Gulf coast marsh with notes on waterfowl food
habits. M.S. Thesis. Texas A&M Univ., College Station.

400

Sklar, F. H. 1976. Primary productivity in the Mississippi Delta Bight near
a shallow bay estuarine system in Louisiana. M.S. Thesis. Louisiana
State Univ., Baton Rouge.

Sloss, R. 1971. Chemical, biological, and physical data for the major lakes
and reservoirs in Louisiana. Basic Rep. 6. U.S. Geological Survey Water
Resources Division, and Louisiana Department of Public Works, Washington,
D.C.

Smith, F. E. 1975. Ecosystems and evolution. Ecology 56(4) : 2-6 .

Smith, F. W. 1973. A study of waterfowl habitats, populations and fluctua-
tions in the lower Trinity River and the upper Trinity Bay, Texas. Ph.D.
Diss. Texas A&M Univ., College Station.

Smith, H. M. 1907. The fishes of North Carolina. N.C. Geol. Econ. Surv. 2.
453 pp.

_. 1956. Handbook of amphibians and reptiles of Kansas. 2nd ed. Univ.
Kan. Mus. Nat. Hist. Misc. Publ. 9:1-356.

Smith, L. 19 70. The Galveston Bay area economic base. Univ. Texas, Bureau
of Business Research, Austin.

Smithey, D. A., R. H. Chabreck, F. W. Martin, E. T. Sipco, and J. R. Walther.
1973. Social behavior and migration patterns of blue and snow geese
wintering in Louisiana and eastern Texas. Proc. 27th Annu. Conf. South-
east. Assoc. Game Fish. Comm.

Soileau, D. M. 1968. Vegetative reinvasion of experimentally treated plots
in a brackish marsh. M.S. Thesis. Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge.

Southeast Fisheries Center. 1977. Environmental assessment of an active
oil field in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico. U.S. Dep. Commerce,
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Galveston Laboratory.

Spindler, M. A., and R. E. Noble. 1974. Fall vegetation on the spoil banks
of Superior Canal, Cameron Parish, La. La. Acad. Sci. 37:74-88.

Springer, S. and H. R. Bullis. 1956. Collections by the OREGON in the Gulf
of Mexico. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Spec. Sci. Rep. 196:1-134.

Springer, V. G. , and K. D. Woodburn. 1960. An ecological study of the fishes
of the Tampa Bay area. Florida State Board Conserv. , Prof. Pap. Ser. 1.
104 pp.

Stacy, G., R. 0. Smitherman, and J. W. Avault , Jr. 1970. Food habits of the
bowfin in Lacassine National Wildlife Refuge and other locations in
southern Louisiana. Prog. Fish-Cult. 32(3) : 153-157 .

Stewart, R. E. 1962. Waterfowl populations in the upper Chesapeake region.
U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Spec. Sci. Rep. Wildl. 65. 208 pp.

401

Stickle, W. , T. Shirley, G. Denoux, and L. Knieper. 1975. Biotic composi-
tion of the Calcasieu estuary. Progress Report, October 18, 1975, for
Petroleum Refiners Environmental Council of Louisiana Project. Division
of Water Pollution Control, Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge.

Stowe, W. C. 19 72. Community structure and production of the epiphytic algae
in the Barataria Bay area of Louisiana. Ph.D. Diss. Louisiana State
Univ., Baton Rouge.

Styron, J. 19 73. The Gulf of Mexico menhaden fishery. Pages 3-5 in Proc. Gulf
Caribb. Fish. Instit., 26th Annu. Sess.

Suttkus, R. D. 1956. Early life history of the Gulf menhaden, Brevoortia
patronus, in Louisiana. Trans. N. Am. Wildl. Conf. 21:390-406.

. 1963. Order Lepisostei. Pages 61-87 in H. B. Bigelow et al., eds.

Fishes of the western North Atlantic. Mem. 1, Sears Found. Mar. Res.,
Part 3, New Haven, Connecticut.

Tabb, D. C. 1966. The estuary as a habitat for spotted seatrout , Cynoscion
nebulosus. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. 3:59-6 7.

Tarbox, K. E. 1974. Seasonal occurrence, distribution, and relative abun-
dance of juvenile fishes at Marsh Island, Louisiana. M.S. Thesis.
Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge. 122 pp.

Texas Bureau of Economic Geology. 1972. Man-made features and water systems
maps of the Texas coastal zone.

Texas Game, Fish and Oyster Commission. 1932. Pages 33-34 rn Fishes of
Texas. Austin.

Texas General Land Office. 1974. Existing data: Texas coastal management
program. An annotated bibliography of research activities in the
coastal zone. Austin.

. 1978. Texas bays and estuaries and state-owned tract maps. Austin.

Unpubl.

Texas Parks and Wildlife Department. 1972. Development concept plan and
program for Sabine Pass State Park, Jefferson County, Texas. Austin.

. 1973. A program for research and management of finfish on the Texas

coast. Austin.

. 1975. Fishery resources of the Galveston Bay system and factors relating

to their viability. Austin.

. 1975. Texas waterfowl program. Job completion report. Federal Project

W-29-R-10.

Texas State Department of Health. 1959. Lower Neches and Sabine Rivers sur-
vey. Austin.

402

1968. Galveston Bay water quality survey, 196 3-196 7. Austin.

Texas State Department of Highways and Public Transportation. 1976. The
Gulf Intracoastal Waterway in Texas, 19 76. Austin.

Texas University, Bureau of Business Research. 1972. Activities and re-
sources of Galveston Bay. Univ. Texas, Austin.

Texas University, Center for Research in Water Resources. 1964. Galveston
Bay water quality study - historical and recent data. Austin.

Texas Water Development Board. 1973. Coastal data system, user documenta-
tion, Vol. II. Retrieval reference manual. Austin. (now Texas Natural
Resources Information System, TNRIS.)

. 1973. Galveston Bay Inflow Study. P. 0. Box 13087, Austin.

. 19 75. Hydrodynamic and biogeochemical sampling in the Sabine-Neches

estuary. Prepared by Espey, Huston and Assoc. Document No. 7536. Austin.

. 19 77. Continuing water resources planning and development for Texas.

2 vols. P. 0. Box 13087, Austin.

Texas Water Quality Board (with Fed. Water Pollution Control Admin.). 1969.
Socioeconomic study, Galveston Bay area. Austin.

. 1970. Comprehensive water pollution control planning for the Galveston

Bay study. Austin.

_. 1970. Ecological studies of Galveston Bay, 1969. Austin.

. 19 74. Water quality management plan for the Sabine River basin. Austin.

Thomas, J. D. 1975. Gammorid amphipods of the Barataria Bay, Louisiana
region. M.S. Thesis. Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge.

. 1976. Benthos. Vol. Ill, App. VI, Sec. 6 in J. G. Gosselink, R. R.

Miller, M. A. Hood, and L. M. Bahr, Jr., eds . Louisiana offshore oil
port: environmental baseline study. LOOP, Inc., New Orleans, Louisiana.

Topp, R. W. and F. H. Hoff, Jr. 1972. Flatfishes (Pleuronectiformes) . Mem.
Hourglass Cruises, Mar. Res. Lab., Florida Dep. Nat. Resour. 4(2): 1-135.

Tracor, Inc. 1971. Galveston Bay project :water quality modeling and data
management, phase II. Tech. rep. submitted to the Texas Water Quality
Board Galveston Bay Study, Austin.

Turner, D. D. 1966. Distribution and abundance of fishes in impoundments of
Lacassine and Sabine National Wildlife Refuges. M.S. Thesis. Louisiana
State Univ. , Baton Rouge.

Turner, W. R. and B. S. Kinnear. 1970. Estimation of juvenile abundance.
U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Circ. 350:19-22.

403

University of Texas Marine Science Institute. 19 73. Toxicity studies of Gal-
veston Bay Project, Sept. 1, 1971, to Dec. 1, 1972. Austin.

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. 1952. Sabine-Neches Waterway, Texas: review of
reports. Galveston, Texas.

. 1966. Comprehensive basin study on Sabine River and tributaries, Texas

and Louisiana. Galveston, Texas.

. 196 7. Comprehensive basin study report on Sabine River and tributaries,

Texas and Louisiana. Galveston, Texas.

. 1968. Flood plain information, Sabine River and Adams Bayou, Orange,

Texas area. Prepared by Turner, Collie and Braden, Inc. Galveston,
Texas.

. 1971. Special flood hazard information report :Cowleech Fork of the Sabine

river and Long Branch, Greenville, Texas. Galveston, Texas.

. 19 75. Maintenance dredging, Sabine-Neches waterway, Texas : final environ-
mental statement. Galveston, Texas.

. 1976. Waterborne commerce of the U.S. Part 2. Waterways and harbors,

Gulf coast. Mississippi River system and Antilles. U.S. Govt. Printing
Office, Washington, D.C. '

U.S. Bureau of Mines. 1965. Mineral resources and mineral industry in the
Sabine River basin, Texas and Louisiana.

U.S. Department of Agriculture. 1975a. 1974 census of agriculture - county
data. U.S. Govt. Printing Office, Washington, D.C.

. 1975b. Special report on outdoor recreation in Texas coastal basins:

title IV cooperative river basin survey.

U.S. Department of Commerce. 1973. Census of population: 1970. Vol. 1.

Characteristics of the population. Part 45. Texas. Part 20. Louisiana.
U.S. Bureau of Census, U.S. Govt. Printing Office, Washington, D.C.

. 19 75. County business patterns, Louisiana and Texas. Bureau of Census

CBP-73-20, U.S. Govt. Printing Office, Washington, D.C.

. 1976a. Federal outlays in Louisiana FY 1976. PB 261 619. U.S. Govt.

Printing Office, Washington, D.C.

. 1976b. (and earlier years). Louisiana landings, and Texas landings.

National Marine Fisheries Service Annual Summary, 1975 (and earlier years).

U.S. Department of Interior, Bureau Land Management. 19 74. Outer Continental
Shelf hurricane tracks. Western and central Gulf of Mexico. Visual
graphics. New Orleans office.

U.S. Economic Development Administration. 1972. Construction of the Sabine
River Diversion. Washington, D. C.

404

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1971. Report on pollution affecting
shellfish harvesting in Galveston Bay, Texas.

. 19 72. Report on the evaluations of wasted sources in the Calcasieu River
basin, Louisiana. Division of Field Investigations, Denver, Colorado.

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 1975. Distribution in states and counties
of waterfowl species harvested during 1961-70 hunting seasons.

U.S. Geological Survey. 1977 (and earlier years). Water resources data for
Louisiana. Prepared in conjunction with the Louisiana Department of
Public Works. Washington, D.C.

U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service. 19 71. A hydrographic survey of the
Galveston Bay system, Texas, 1963-1966. U.S. Dep. Commerce, Washington,
D.C.

U.S. Public Health Service. 1952. Report on water pollution, Sabine River
basin. Washington, D.C.

U.S. Soil Conservation Service. 19 35. Soil survey of Galveston County, Texas,
prepared in cooperation with Texas Agricultural Experiment Station,
College Station, Texas.

. 1954. Sabine River and Neches River watersheds, Texas and Louisiana

survey report. Including the Calcasieu River and Mermentau River water-
sheds, Louisiana. Program for runoff and waterflow retardation and soil
erosion prevention. Unpubl.

. Soil Survey Jefferson County, Texas. Prepared with the Texas Agricultural

Experiment Station, College Station. Ser. 1960 No. 21.

_. 19 75. Sabine Pass State Park Erosion Control RC and D Measure Plan, Jef-
ferson County, Texas, sponsored by Texas Parks and Wildl. Dep. and Coastal
Soil and Water Conservation District, Austin.

. 19 76a. Keith Lake water exchange pass, an environmental assessment. U.S.

Dep. Agriculture, Temple, Texas.

. 19 76b. Soil survey of Chambers County, Texas. Prepared with the Texas

Agricultural Experiment Station, College Station.

. 1977. Texas coastal basins: main report, cooperative river basin survey,
2 vols, and Appendix. Prepared with the Texas Water Development Board,
the Texas State Soil and Water Conservation Board, the Interagency Council
on Natural Resources and the Environment, and the Texas Water Rights Com-
mission, Washington, D.C.

Valentine, J. M. , Jr., J. R. Walther, K. M. McCartney, and F. M. Ivy. 1972.
Alligator diets on the Sabine National Wildlife Refuge, Louisiana. J.
Wildl. Manage. 36(3) : 809-815.

Vladykov, V. D. and J. R. Greeley. 1963. Order Acipenseroidei . Pages 24-59

in H. B. Bigelow et al., eds. Fishes of the western North Atlantic. Mem.
No. 1, Sears Found. Mar. Res., Part 3, New Haven, Connecticut.

405

Wagner, P. R. 1973. Seasonal biomass, abundance, and distribution of estu-
arine dependent fishes in the Caminada Bay System of Louisiana. Ph.D.
Diss., Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge. 193 pp.

Walls, J. G. 1975. Fishes of the northern Gulf of Mexico. T.F.H. Publ. , Inc.,
Neptune City, New Jersey. 432 pp.

Warren, A. D. 1960. Ecology of foraminifera of Buras-Scof ield Bayou Region,
southeast Louisiana. Trans. Gulf Assoc. Geol. Soc. 6:131-151.

Wax, C. L. 1976. Synoptic climatology of Lake Charles, La., 1971-1974. Pre-
sented at the S.W. Division of the Assoc. Amer. Geog. Spring Meeting,
Dallas, Texas.

. 19 77. An analysis of the relationships between water level fluctuations
and climate, coastal Louisiana. Ph.D. Diss. Louisiana State Univ.,
Baton Rouge.

Welsh, W. W. and C. M. Breder, Jr. 1923. Contributions to the life histories
of the Sciaenidae of the eastern United States coast. Bull. U.S. Bur.
Fish. 39:141-201.

Weston, R. F. , Inc. 1974. Waste load allocation report :Calcasieu River basin.
Prepared for the Division of Health Maintenance and Ambulatory Patient
Services, Louisiana Health and Social and Rehabilitation Services Admin-
istration, Baton Rouge, Louisiana.

White, M. L., and M. E. Chittenden, Jr. 1976. Aspects of the life history of
the Atlantic croaker, Micropogon undulatus. Tex. A&M Univ. TAMU-SG-
76-205. 54 pp.

Wiersama, J. M. , R. P. Mitchell and S. N. James. 1973. Sabine Power station

ecological program. 2 vols. Tracor, Austin, Texas. Document 73-AU-9507-
UCR.

Winn, H. E. and J. E. Bardach. 1959. Differential food selection by moray

eels and a possible role of the mucous envelope of parrotfishes in reduc-
tion of predation. Ecology 40(2) :292-298.

Woolf, W. F., and B. J. Vidrine. 1976. Cost and returns for rice; southwest
Louisiana rice area projections for 1976. Louisiana State Univ., Dep.
Agric. Econ. Agribus., Baton Rouge.

Wright, A. H., and A. A. Wright. 1949. Handbook of frogs and toads of the
United States and Canada. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York.
640 pp.

• 1957. Handbook of snakes of the United States and Canada. Comstock

Publishing Association, Ithaca, New York. 1105 pps. 2 vols.

406

Yancey, R. 1959 to 1960 (various issues). Louisiana waterfowl. In La.

Conservationist. American widgeon and gadwall, Jan. 1959; green-winged
teal and shoveler, Feb. 1959; mottled duck and wood duck, Nov. 1959;
diving duck and lesser scaup, Dec. 1959; canvasback and ring-necked duck,
Jan. 1960; white-fronted goose and Canada goose, Nov. -Dec. 1960.

Zizer, S. W. 1975. A seasonal study of the phytophilic macroinvertebrates
of a swamp in southeastern Louisiana. M.S. Thesis. Louisiana State
Univ. , Baton Rouge.

407

50272-101

REPORT DOCUMENTATION
PAGE

1. REPORT NO.

FWS/OBS-78/10

4. Title and Subtitle

An Ecological Characterization Study of the Chenier Plain
Coastal Ecosystems of Louisiana and Texas. Volume II -Appendi;

xas

7. Author(s)

James G. Gosselink, Carroll L. Cordes (USFWS), and John W. Pars

9. Performing Organization Name and Address (USFWS)

Center for Wetland Resources
Louisiana State University
Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803

3. Recipient's Accession No.

5. Report Date

August 1979

on

8. Performing Organization Rept. No.

s

10. Project/Task/Work Unit No.

11. Contract(C) or Grant(G) No.

(C)

(G)

12. Sponsoring Organization Name and Address

National Coastal Ecosystems Team
Fish and Wildlife Service
U.S. Department of the Interior
Slide!! , Louisiana 70458

gri(J 13. Type of Report & Period Covered

Office of Research & Development
U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency

14.

15. Supplementary Notes

16. Abstract (Limit: 200 words)

Basic data sources are listed separately for geology, hydrology, meteorology, chemistry,
socioeconomics, impact analysis and eight biological categories. Production figures are
presented for oil and gas, agriculture, fisheries, and fur trapping. Waterfowl species,
shrubs and other plants, representative vertebrates and benthos, zooplankton, and land
birds are listed for the appropriate habitats of the Chenier Plain. Hydrological data
include phosphorus loading rates, water discharges, and habitat change matrixes for each
basin.

17. Document Analysis a. Descriptors

Ecology, Hydrology, Production, Aquatic Biology

b. Identifiers/Open-Ended Terms

c. COSATI Field/Group 0603, 0606

18. Availability Statement

Unlimited

19. Security Class (This Report)

20. Security Class (This Page)

21. No. of Pages

407

22. Price

(See ANSI-Z39.18)

*U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1979-675 038

See Instructions on Reverse

OPTIONAL FORM 272 (4-77)
(Formerly NTIS-35)
Department of Commerce

X

H

H

00

H

pn

3

O

O

(J

>^

§

pn

O

H

co

eg

§s

03

10).

RNED

^-3

„

o-i r» Is

en

<U

r-~ 1 1

• T3

CO

tn Vj

00 PQ 1

0) O

SOr

X O

^ "^

•rl

CO 1

T3 •

?

C -J

ftl 1

•fr

©-©

LEGEND

Headquarters - Office of Biological
Services, Washington, D.C.
National Coastal Ecosystems Team,
Slidell. La.

Regional Offices
Area Office

U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE
REGIONAL OFFICES

REGION 1

Regional Director
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Lloyd Five Hundred Building, Suite
500 N.E.Multnomah Street
Portland, Oregon 97232

REGION 2

Regional Director

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service

P.O.Box 1306

Albuquerque, New Mexico 87103

REGION 3

Regional Director

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service

Federal Building, Fort Snelling

Twin Cities, Minnesota 55111

REGION 4
Regional Director
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
692 Richard B. Russell Building

75 Spring Street, S.W.
Atlanta, Georgia 30303

REGION 5

Regional Director

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service

One Gateway Center

Newton Corner, Massachusetts 02 i

REGION 6

Regional Director

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service

P.O. Box 25486

Denver Federal Center

Denver, Colorado 80225

ALASKA AREA
Regional Director
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
1011 E.Tudor Road
Anchorage, Alaska 99503

58

.% +

",T^

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE

As the Nation's principal conservation agency, the Department of the Interior has respon-
sibility for most of our nationally owned public lands and natural resources. This includes
fostering the wisest use of our land and water resources, protecting our fish and wildlife,
preserving the-environmental and cultural values of our national parks and historical places,
and providing for the enjoyment of life through outdoor recreation. The Department as-
sesses our energy and mineral resources and works to assure that their development is in
the best interests of all our people. The Department also has a major responsibility for
American Indian reservation communities and for people who live in island territories under
U.S. administration.