5, ohana tnunlien eels, Relea my a aE teat ie perk ee ier Sree verge an > nee ar at a ediinmetiumeta nn ahs “ SC rate ~ : ”, Dale de vn Otago Sateen toni = e “ “ + on Beis Tee he = 5 ~ Neier) — a a a te : ip TolaMoiede hetowent ae ea ae, ae aon acead Rab HARVARD UNIVERSITY INET tis, LIBRARY OF THE Museum of Comparative Zoology Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2013 http://archive.org/details/gamebreeder1419181919hunt PRICE TEN CENTS GAMBEL’S QUAIL EGGS FROM THE LONG ISLAND (N. Y.) GAME BREEDERS ASSOCIATION Gambel’s Quail Eggs Were Successfully Hatched in An Incubator and the Young Birds Were Given to Quails Similar to Those on the Back Cover of the Magazine. Cock Bob- Whites Adopted the Young Gambels and Reared Them. Bantams also Reared Broods of Gambels Published Monthly. Entered as second-class matter July 9, 1915, at the Post Office, New Vork City, New a York, under the Act of March 3, 1879 THe GAME CONSERVATION Society, Inc., Publishers, New York, N. Y. AS A CHANGE, TRY SPRATT’S WAR RODNIM No. 1 A granulated dog food of great value containing a large percentage of meat. Spratt’s Foods Are Worth Fighing For AS A STAPLE DIET, WE RECOMMEND SPRATT’S WAR RODNIM No. 2 A granulated food which is daily becoming popular amongst dog owners. Write for Samples and Send 2c stamp for “Dog Culture” SPRATT’?S PATENT LIMITED NEWARK, NEW JERSEY San Francisco St. Louis Cleveland Montreal Factory also in London, England , Ee aaa Sr = i ea rf mire SEL LEF2977 at MMMM 222% 244 2G Z nil Ian Inll 2233 Y7ZZ YG Y Mh hi Et 4 Vt 4 Wt % Mark X before subject that interests you and Mail This Coupon to E. 1. DUPONT DE NEMOURS & CO. mdvertisne Division Wilmington SG. B. “Delaware ‘Delaware oes Gz. Io Trapshooting for Women Trapshooting League ___|__Du Pont Sporting Powders Farm Explosives Py-ra-lin Toilet Goods Challenge Collars Town and Country Paint Auto Enamel Rayntite Top Material Craftsman Fabrikoid Fairfield Rubber Cloth |__| Commercial Acids | Acids eee Cees e tees esses eeeeers etme errs rere see eee ees oeeee Visit the Du Pont Products Store 1105 Boardwalk, Atlantic City, N. J. qn LAT CACC ACTA Mul amuses COC THE GAME BREEDER 1 XN lit! ea ul RSS DMdcSS SSeS Ss RARECCASAIC if SS y MSN bie Learned to Hit Em at the Gun Club Back home he was a trapshooter. At the gun club he learned how to hit moving objects, ninety times out of a hundred. Stopping a hand grenade in mid-air or drop- ping a charging Hun is “ old stuff” for him. At the cantonments and aviation camps in the U. S and France regulation TRAPSHOOTING at clay targets is a recognized part of the training. And with enemy trenches a few yards distant the bayoneted trench shotgun is proving a most efficient weapon of defense or offense. Whether for prospective active service or home defense you can learn to “shoot and hit” at one of the thousand of gun clubs in this country. You will be welcomed at any club by good Americans who will loan you a gun and teach you how to handle it with skill. For address of nearest club and Trapshooting In- struction Book check trapshooting in the coupon, sign your name and mail it now to w E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co. Established 1802 Wilmington Delaware Zr ror PALMA AM CoCo AOC e i ll ] In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: THE GAME BREEDER OUR WILD FOWL AND WADERS THE NEW YORK TIMES “The subject is the development of a new crop —a flesh crop which has especial timeliness in view of the general exhaustion of our food supply. Mr. Huntington dis- cusses in thé most practical manner the restoration of this crop of feathered game, and from the standpoint both of the sportsman and the market gunner, wild ducks, it seems, can be raised as easily and cheaply as domesticated ducks, and with equally excellent financial results. The way to do this is described with estimates of cost and citation of experience abroad, where the deficiency of food supply has led to the discovery and elaboration of many remedies to which we have not yet been forced. Mr. Huntington’s book is illustrated with photographs, interesting alike to naturalists and breeders.” WILLIAM BREWSTER “*Our Wild Fowl and Waders’ is obviously an able, Sarina and very interesting treatise on a subject which has hitherto received but little attention from writers, especially in America, and concerning which naturalists, as well as sports- men, will, I am sure, be glad to be thus credibly and pleasingly informed.” THE LOCKPORT UNION-SUN “Mr. Huntington has given to the American people an admirable treatise on the practical methods of making these splendid and desirable birds profitably plentiful. Ponds, streams and waste lands which do not pay the meagre taxes upon them can be utilized and be made to yield both handsome profits and good sport. This American authority on wild game tells the farmers and land owners of this country how to do it.” CHARLES HALLOCK “The wild fowl book is valuable, clearsighted and scholastic. It is a, direct appeal to sportsmen of common sense and generous behavior, and they will readily absorb its comprehensive pages and act accordingly—and live thereby.” DR. R. W. SHUFELDT ‘“‘T have enjoyed the treat in my reading of this book from frontispiece to finish and I wager anybody else will enjoy it. . . . The author has placed every sports- man; every naturalist and a great many other citizens of other callings squarely under obligations to him. The book is a direct and logical argument setting forth the means for the preservation in the future of our wild fowl and waders. . . . The illustrations are judiciously selected, interesting and materially add to the value of the volume.” A. A. HILL “This is not only a readable book, but it is important in an economic sense, and it will especially appeal to all who are interested in the conservation of wild life, and especially our game birds.” AUTOMOBILE DEALER AND REPAIRER “Tf the advice of Dwight W. Huntington, pioneer and apostle of the movement in this country for a rational game protection and conservation, be acted upon, the time is coming speedily when game will be as cheap as beef or mutton. At present, after fifty years of legal protection, we have no game to amount to anything save in the more remote sections. . . . The book is not only instructive in an economic sense, showing how to make wild duck preserves safe and attractive, how to get stock and eggs and the food required, but is delightful reading for all. The author of ‘Our Wild Fowl and Waders’ is doing a great public service in his campaign for more game.” OUR WILD FOWL AND WADERS will be sent to any address in the United States or Canada with THE GAME BREEDER for one year upon receipt of $2.00. ‘THE GAME CONSERVATION SOCIETY 150 NASSAU STREET, N. Y. “Yours for More Game.”” THE GAME BREEDER 3 Quail, Bobwhites and Other Species NOW IS THE TIME TO BUY QUAIL FROM Mackensen Game Park I carry the largest stock in America of live game birds, ornamental birds and quadrupeds. Also Pheasant Eggs by the 100 & 1000 I am prepared to fill the largest orders for Pheasants and Eggs, and for years I have filled practically all of the large State orders for both Partridges and Pheasants. All Pheasant Eggs Are from My Own Pens Pheasants My Pheasant pens hold thousands of Pheasants and I am prepared to furnish these birds in large numbers to State de partments, individual breeders and preserves. Wild Duck Mallards, Black Duck, Teal, Wood-Duck, Pintails and other species can be supplied in large numbers at at- tractive prices. Also Mandarins and ll other water fowl. Now is the Time to pBuye Wild Turkey Eggs Wild Turkeys I am now the largest breeder and dealer in Wild Turkeys and can supplv these birds in good numbers to State Departments and preserve owners. I carry the largest stock in America of ornamental birds and animals. My ponds now contain nearly 200 beat | Royal Swans of England. I have fine lot of the beautiful pink FLAMINGOES and the very large Europeaa PELICANS. Also STORKS, CRANES, PEAFOWL, fancy GEESE and DUCKS. My pheasant pens contain over a thousand Ringneck and fancy PHEASANTS. All stock is kept under practically natural conditions. I have 60 acres of tand entirely devoted to my business. Can also promptly furnish BUFFALOES, DEER, LLAMAS, RABBITS, etc. Orders booked during summer. I have for years filled practically all the large State Orders and have better facilities for handling large orders than any other firm. Write me before buying elsewhere—it will pay you to do so. Your visit solicited. am only 60 miles from New York and 30 miles from Philadelohia. WM. J. MACKENSEN Department V. YARDLEY, BUCKS COUNTY, PA. Member of The Game Guild In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: ““Yours for More Game.” 4 THE GAME BREEDER Let your trap gun purchase be a PARKER. Be one of the thousands of satisfied PARKER Gun users. PARKER Guns are made by gun experts. The purchaser of a PARKER Gun receives in good sub- stantial gun value, the benefits of experience in gun manufacturing of over 50 years. Once you have used the PARKER, you will never be satisfied with anything but the BEST. Eventually you will shoot the PARKER. Why not PAR KER BROS. now? Master Gun Makers MERIDEN, CONN., U.S.A Send for catalogue and free booklet about 20 bore guns. New York Salesrooms, 25 Murray Street CONTENTS Survey of the Field Game Farms - - - - Hon. Theodore Roualt, Jr., State Game Warden for New Mexico Gambel’s Partridge = = > = Daniel Giraud Elliott from Game Birds of North America Pheasants and Breeding - - - - Bya Reader, with Comment Notes from The Game Farms and Preserves Editorials—The Soft Pedal—Otherwise Than By Shooting THREE THOUSAND Chinese-Mongolian Ringneck Pheasants FALL DELIVERY Full Wing, Healthy, Hardy Birds Reeves, Lady Amherst, Golden, Silver, Pure Mongolian Japanese Silkies, Buff Cochin Bantams New Zealand Red Rabbits, Breeding Stock $3.50 Each, Young $2 We are Breeders Exclusively, and nothing leaves our farm that is not right in every particular. MARMOT PHEASANTRY Member of The Game Guild MARMOT, OREGON In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: “Yours for More Game.” The Game Breeder VOLUME XIV OCTOBER, 1918 NUMBER J c> SURVEY OF THE FIELD. Fisheries Society Meeting. The annual meeting of the American Fisheries Society, held at the Waldorf- Astoria Hotel, New York, was well at- tended. Many people, skilled in the propagation of fish, listened for three days to the reading of papers on various subjects connected with the industry and discussed the problems advanced by the writers. The Effect of Oils on Brook Trout. Mr. Adrian Thomas, of Virginia, read a paper on the effect of certain oils, tars and creosote on the fish. He claimed that the automobile is responsible for some of the depreciation of trout.. The good roads made by macadamizing pre- vented the rain water from soaking into the ground and the oil and creosote are washed into the adjacent streams, kill- ing the fish or driving them away. Experiments had proved that tar is very toxic when drained from the roads. Water-gas tar killed fish in thirty hours and coal tar in twenty hours. ‘The sul- phite liquor which flows from paper mills drives fish from streams. Important Paper on Pollution. Henry B. Ward read a paper on the “Elimination of Stream Pollution in New- York State.” The greatest menace to the fresh water industry, Mr. Ward said, is the poisoning of streams by city sewage and the drainage from manufac- turing plants.. The greatest loss is oc- casioned by the destruction of fish foods by the poisons in the water. The Conservation Commissioner of Wisconsin, Dr. W. E. Barber, said a system -of filtering on some of the streams in his State had been found to work well. Mr. Geo. Pratt, the Com- missioner for New Pork, said a confer- ence recently had been held with lead- ing manufacturers to consider plans for purification of the streams. For some years it has been almost impossible to find shad on their spawning grounds be- cause the waters are polluted. The high price of fish in the markets was discussed, and some favored a Fed- eral investigation. The work of propa- gation appeared to be offset by those who control the fish markets and put up the prices. Mr. Carlos Avery, of Minnesota, de- scribed how his State had gone into the fish business in order to aid the Federal Food Administration, and said an ample supply of fish had been provided for the people at from one-half to two-thirds the prices previously charged by fish dealers. Dr. Barber, of Wisconsin, said a similar handling of the fish in his State had produced equally good results. Meeting of the State Game Officers. The meeting of the Fisheries Society was followed by a meeting of the State game officers at the same hotel. Mr. Alexander, the Louisiana Commissioner, presided, and Mr. Carlos Avery, of Min- nesota, was at the Secretary’s desk. Comparing the two meetings it was observed that the meeting of the Fish- eries Society, which included some State game and fish commissioners, was much better attended than the meeting of the game officers was. This was undoubtedly due to the fact that many scientific per- sons interested in the propagation of fish met with the State officers and the meet- ing had a decided educational value. Meetings of the State game officers 6 THE GAME BREEDER usually have been attended only by the officers and one or two game law enthu- siasts who never have seemed to notice that as the number of laws was increased the number of game birds diminished. There was nothing of scientific impor- tance, nothing about game production which would be likely to attract men of ability to the meetings, except of course those whose duty it is to execute the game laws. This year there was considerable in- terest in game breeding, and a resolution was adopted providing that all. States which had not done so should amend their laws so as to encourage game farm- ing, as advocated by The Game Breeder. Professor Pearson, Secretary of the Audubon Association, read a report of his investigation of the damage done by pelicans in the Pelican State and in Texas and other Gulf States, in which he claimed very little damage was done by these birds. The papers which interested the few people present who are interested in game breeding were a paper on the ‘‘Im- portation of Quail” from Mexico, by Mr. Ward, the Kentucky State warden, and a paper on “Game Farming” by Mr. Roualt, the New Mexico game warden, which is printed on another page. There was much discussion about the numerous regulations under the migra- tory bird law, and many State officers evidently were trying to discover how it would affect the people of their States where there was a conflict between new regulations made by the committee which now provides game laws for the U.'S. Biological Survey, and the State laws. Mr. Adams, of Massachusetts, pointed out the difference in the open season for ‘wood-cock and wished to know how the State law was affected by the U..S. reg- ulation. The chief of the new United States forces expressed the opinion that the States could do about as they pleased within the limits of the long open season provided by the national regulation, and that in case of the wood-cock the United States was perfectly willing to have it shot in October in Massachusetts, but that the State evidently was not willing, or vice versa, we find it impossible to keep up with one full set of State game laws without trying to master two at a time. It is to be hoped the States will amend their laws so as to make them conform to those of the Biological Sur- vey, and that the last named will not make so many changes that the States cannot keep up with them.’ The United States statute has a stabilizing clause protecting those who protect game, and the simplicity of the law protecting game © farmers and preserve owners is note- worthy. We predict that as the State officers become interested in the game farming and preserving by the people which now is encouraged, and in the economic ques- tions relating to game as a food supply, discussion of these subjects may in the future largely replace the discussions about shortening the season for a few days or for a few years and the reduc- tion of the bag from three birds to two, etc. We can readily see that vast areas will always remain which must be looked after by the State, and that to keep any game on the lands open to the public restrictive laws will be needed, often closing the season for terms of years, until such time as many farms produce abundantly, when we hope there can be the same freedom in America as there is in all other civilized countries, and that all who shoot on public lands and waters will own the game after they shoot it. Enthusiasm for Prohibition. We were amused at the enthusiasm of a man from Pennsylvania who, wav- ing a paper in the air containing a list of the counties in his State, claimed they had just secured the prohibition of ruffed grouse shooting in every county for a period of two years. We can imagine the delight of the Pennsylvania foxes, hawks, crows, and snakes, could they only hear and understand the result of efficient protective game laws. We look forward to shooting ruffed grouse with the quail next November on popu- lous Long, Island, N. Y., and we are glad to know that anyone who wishes to try THE GAME BREEDER 7 the shooting can be sure of bagging both birds. We believe the Pennsylvania woods are more suitable’ for ruffed grouse than the oak barrens of Long Island are, and we are quite sure when a few clubs in each county look aiter the birds properly, as they do on Long Island, all hands can shoot in Pennsyl- vania. Rest periods often are renewed for terms of years, as in the case of the quail of New. York, outside of Long Island, and there is good reason to pre- sume that the season may be closed for- ever, as it has been in Ohio, provided all wish to destroy and none be permitted to create. A Gamebreeding Policy. Often we have pointed out that the production of game on the farms which are now posted should be encouraged and not prevented by game laws. The state game departments, as we have repeatedly said, should be of great economic im- portance to all of the people. If they can induce sportsmen to form game- shooting clubs and to make proper ar- rangements with the owners of the farms which have: been closed to sport forever the result undoubtedly will be more game on the vast areas of land and water where anyone can shoot without fear of being arrested for trespass. When game is bred abundantly on places where the ‘shooting is lively, it is quite evident that much of it will be found outside of the preserved area. A man in New York who was much prejudiced against game breeding told the writer that he had shot thirty pheasants outside of the fence surrounding a preserved area in which we are interested the first season, and that he had never shot or seen a pheasant before our birds were introduced. He added that there were more quail for miles on both sides of the railway, on land where anyone could shoot, than he had ever seen before. Wild ducks were shot in the neighborhood and we had records of many being shot miles away from the point where they were bred. Some were reported nearly as far south as Florida. If some of the numerous small ponds where no wild ducks breed today can be. made to yield thousands of ducks it is quite evident that the shooting on the larger ponds, lakes and bays which are and should be open to the public, will be much improved. Where many guns combine to become producers they shoot on places where game has been introduced and always is plentiful and by so doing the number of guns on public lands and waters is re- duced. It is evident that the shooting area 1s much enlarged since much shoot- ing is done on places where there was no game and on farms closed to sport by their owners. Sport has nothing to fear from game breeding! Crow Contests. Crow shooting contests have been sug- gested. In places where the farmers have been led to believe that the crow is highly beneficial they may be unwilling to let such contests go on. . However, there should be enough places, where the farmers have seen the crows in the corn and the poultry yard, to make crow contests possible. When crows are protected by laws all that we ask is “Keep the crow laws off the farms,’ where game always is plentiful for sport or for profit. Our idea that game laws should be kept off the game farms is expressed to our liking in section 12 of the Migratory Bird Law. We think it would pay to have section 12 in mind always when new game laws are constructed. A short form of expressing the idea is: ““This act does not apply to game on game ranches, farms or preserves where game is properly looked after and kept abun- dant im order to increase our food supply.” An Important Section. The importance of the new section 12 in the Migratory Bird Law, giving pro- tection to game farms and preserves, was evident a few minutes after the law was ’ 8 THE GAME BREEDER DWIGHT W. HUNTINGTON, 2nd. Somewhere in France signed. A regulation was at.once made providing that there should be no shoot- ing. In the absence of section 12 this section might have been executed. and people who produced ducks in order to increase the food supply might have been arrested because they did not put salt on the tails of their ducks in order to catch them and execute them with a hatchet. Our readers now can understand why we opposed a law permitting the making of regulations until we knew what the regulations were to be. The objection to an amendment providing that no regu- lations preventing game farming and pre- serving could be made, tended to make us more certain that we were right in trying to defeat the law or to hold it up until it.was repaired so as to’protect game preservers who wished to increase the food supply. The regulation re- quiring the hatchet is in violation of the law and void. Revised for Ruffed Grouse. To be or not to be; that’s the ques- tionnaire. Lt. (J. G.) JOHN C. HUNTINGTON Somewhere at Sea Our Secretary. John C. Huntington, Secretary of the Game Conservation Society, has recently been promoted to be a lieutenant in the Nav yer ile) entereds ithe serwice atponce when war was declared and was pro- moted to petty officer, ensign and our readers will be glad to learn he has just gone a step higher. The navy has done a wonderful work in putting over a million soldiers safely across the ocean. Every one feared there must be severe losses of troops due to the submarines, but the navy seems to have made them stay below when American troops are convoyed. Dwight W. Huntington, 2nd. Dwight W. Huntington, 2nd, of the The Game Breeder’s staff, enlisted when war was declared and now is serving in France. In a recent letter, he says: “It sounds like a noisy, insane Fourth’ of July. A German, flying low in a plane of the type used by the French, sailed up to an observation balloon and destroyed it Three Allied planes up in the clouds heard the shooting and swiftly pounced on the German. There was a rattle of guns and Fritz,’ the writer says, “went into a scrap heap with his machine.” THE GAME BREEDER 9 GAME FARMS. By Hon. THEopoRE ROUALT, Jr., State Game Warden for New Mexico. A Paper read at the recent convention of State Game Commissioners The subject; “Game Farms,” is so broad that one can hardly do it justice in a brief article. However, I have made an effort to be not only brief but to the point. At the beginning I may also explain that this covers conditions pretty much as found in the Southwest and particularly my own State. There- fore the proper title should be ‘““A Game Ranch in New Mexico.” This being a “Win the War” conven- tion of this Association, | believe it is most appropriate that the subject of game farms be diligently discussed in an effort to find ways and means by which game farming may be better utilized in helping out with the food supply. I consider this a most opportune time to engage in this work. Have any of you given the subject of game farms thought in connection with our injured boys re- turning from the battlefields in France? To many of these boys this work will not only be most helpful, pleasant and interesting, but also most profitable. A great number of these chaps probably have had former experience in private game preserves, and the game farm would naturally appeal to them. This, too, would be one more way for him to help “win the war” and at the same time bring him a most liberal income. I just noticed an advertisement in the corner of the hotel reading ‘“Reclama- HO mls Consenvationkn eel theTelone would favor this International Associa- tion of Game Commissioners going on record as urging Congressional action toward the granting, under favorable conditions, of suitable tracts of land for game farming to any of our soldiers who have seen service abroad and who may desire to enter this work. There are countless thousands of acres through- out the United States, and particularly in the West, admirably adapted to the purpose, but worthless for anything else. The reclamation of these lands by game farms spells Conservation. It would be only a short time until game and wild fowl would be as plentiful on the mar- kets as in former years; and, at the same time, help materially in conserving our beef supply. Have any of you given thought to the drain on our cattle resources brought on by this war? Probably not, unless you are a cattle man or happen to be from the Southwest, where cattle are run in large herds. Only ten days ago, in talk- ing to a friend of mine, I asked how many cattle his range could stand. He replied, “Fifty thousand.” I asked him how many he usually had on his stock range. He replied, “From twenty-five to thirty thousand, but that now he only had about twelve thousand, as this war had made it impossible for him to buy cattle or keep what he had.” Think of it, gentlemen! Only 22 per cent. of what his range can stand, and grass knee high all over his three hundred and _ fifty thousand acres of land! In some manner we must make up for this wastage and, in my opinion, the solution of the problem is game farming. Up to eighteen years ago, out of Santa Fe, New Mexico, there were a number of professional hunters who weekly made trips into town with pack: burros, loaded down with venison, turkey, elk, antelope and bear meat. This was sold by the butcher just as beef or pork are sold today, excepting that the price was about one-fourth or less than what we are paying today for our ordinary cuts of meat. Before the Federal and State Jaws were enacted and the sale of game was still considered legal, 1 have seen quail sold at 50 cents per dozen, dead or alive; rabbits, two for 5 cents; ducks, 10 cents; brant, geese and cranes at 50 10 THE GAME BREEDER cents a piece. Today you can get 75 cents each for all the quail you can deliver. I say 75 cents well advisedly, for I am getting 83 cents per bird for all the Gambel and Scaled quail I can spare. During the season 1917-18 we shipped about two thousand quail out of five thousand trapped. These were all sold at 50 cents per bird to breeders in the Northern States, and they were beg- ging for more at this price. This, of course, 1s only one instance. Now there are your pheasants bringing from $2.50 to $5 per bird, your wild ducks, geese and turkey proportionately high, and the constant demand from private preserves for breeding stock and from game deal- ers for the culls. A beginner in game farming should not worry as to the market, but, on the contrary, he should do considerable worrying as to his start in the business. Before taking any step whatsoever, even before purchasing land for a game farm, I would first obtain information and ad- vice from all possible sources; that is, from professional game breeders, pri- vate game preserve owners, game com- missioners, the U. S. Biological Survey and the game farm at Cornell Univer- sity. Much valuable information might also be had by applying to such men as TY. Gilbert Pearson, E: A. Quarles, Car- los Avery, Dwight Huntington, John B. Burnham, Dr. Palmer, Dr. Hornady and many other authorities. I consider Quarles on “Pheasants” and Job on “Propagation of Wild Birds” the two best books published on these subjects, and no beginner should be without them. The acreage required for a game farm depends to a great extent upon a man’s pocketbook and his ability to carry on the work. Were I starting | would en- deavor to secure a tract of cheap wild land from fifty to one hundred acres, with some timber and undergrowth, and, if possible, bordering a stream, as shade, water and cover are absolutely indis- pensable to a game farm. Of this acre- age I would use a portion to raise grain and alfalfa—the balance to be utilized for pens and run-ways. * Please understand that I have entered into these details presuming, of course, that we are endeavoring to induce men to take up commercial game farming and that the prospective game farmer first wants to know where he may readily obtain the practical and technical infor- mation in order that he might make a proper start. In my opinion, the suc- cess or failure.of such an enterprise may be made at the very outset, and in order that this work may be started and -car- ried on successfully too much stress cannot be given to the fact that the be- ginner must obtain the best possible advice as to the manner of procedure and the species he should endeavor to breed and propagate. It might interest you all to know how I have handled the pheasants purchased by my State. There were several hun- dred of these birds purchased during the past year. These were distributed among a large number of reliable farm- ers at no expense to them except the erection of proper pens and coops, with a distinct understanding that all birds raised would be sold to the State when two to three months old at the prevail- ing market price; the original birds given out remaining the property of the State with the understanding that they may be called for if any fault is found or upon failure of the farmer to carry out his agreement—a contract to this effect having been signed. The plan now seems to be working out very well and we have already liberated quite a num- ber of birds, hatched and raised in our own State. As for Gambel and Scaled quail, they are a pest in the farming sections. Last spring they destroyed several hundred acres of young beans in the Rio Grande Valley. They will not bother with any other greenstuffs if . there are beans sprouting out of the ground. Beans appear to be their favorite delicacy. Wild ducks are reported very plentiful from all over the State this season. The Bartlett people estimate over 3,500 wild turkeys on their ranch of 300,000 acres. We estimate as many more in the Apache Indian Reservation and_ sur- r unding country; .on account of the THE GAME BREEDER 11 large area and the wilderness and rough- ness of our mountains, it is hard to esti- mate the number in the State. Grouse are reported very plentiful this year and seem to be holding their own. Prairie chickens have been very numerous in eastern New Mexico and have done considerable damage to the grain crops raised by the dry farmers in that portion of the State. All kinds of geese and ducks are very abundant. ‘This information’ is being given for 4. the benefit of any of the game commis- sioners present who may be interested in obtaining specimens or breeding stock of any of these birds. I shall be very pleased to hear from them and to either sell outright or exchange. I might also add that in a few days ‘there will be given out for publication a comprehensive article dealing with this subject, giving costs, etc., with particular reference to conditions as they obtain in New Mexico. i Male, Female and Young GAMBEL’S PARTRIDGE yA DAN TED GIRAW DVO L TOME NE. heanSs 2.2, 0eLC. (This article is from the Game Birds of North America. Since the Game Conservation Society is attempting to introduce other birds on Long Island, N. Y., where they will be shot this season, it will interest our readers no doubt.)—Editor. While disputing the palm for beauty of dress and gallant appearance with its relative, the California partridge, the present species possesses all of the same disagreeable traits when he is regarded in the light of a game bird. In his legs does he trust, and the rocky cafions and hillsides are his delight, and when met with at the base of these often lofty and steeply ascending cliffs, instead of flying as any well-mannered quail would do, he runs with all his might, leaping from stone to stone, dodging behind one boulder after another until he becomes a mere speck above one, or disappears altogether. The range of this handsome bird extends from western Texas, through New Mexico and Arizona to 12 THE GAME BREEDER California, where it meets the Valley partridge in San Bernardino County, the Colorado desert proving an effective barrier to its extension farther west- ward. It is also found in southeastern Utah, and was introduced at Fort Union in northern New Mexico. It also crosses our southern border and is a resident of northwestern Mexico. Any kind of a locality within its dis- persion seems to be perfectly satisfac- tory to this bird; whether it be a dry and sandy stretch blistering in torrid heat, or a place rocky and bare of leafy covering, or tracts hidden by the densest and most impregnable thickets—they are all the same to Gambel’s quail. From my ex- perience, however, in hunting them, I should say if they had any choice of lo- cality it lay between dense clumps, mat- ted with vines and bristling wih thorns, into and through which nothing living could penetrate save themselves, or mountain sides that ascend in a direct line and which are covered with jagged stones and slippery boulders, over which the light-footed birds pass with- out effort, stopping occasionally to look down and jeer at the struggling, panting mortal below who is striving to conquer the ascent, and when the pursuer had ar- rived at the summit, the quail, it would be discovered, had run to the edge ot another cafion, into which they flew at the first appearance of the sportsman, and began the ascent from below on the opposite side, leaving the hunter gazing at them across the great gulf that rolled between. If there is another species of game bird more tantalizing and vexa- tious in its manners, and more utterly lost to all the finer feelings that should compel it to conform to the recognized rules that govern field sports, I happily do not know of it, and have no wish to meet with it, if existing. This species is dependent upon water, never going far away from brook or spring, and its presence is a pretty sure indication that a supply of the necessary fluid is near at hand. Gambel’s quail is generally very abundant in the localities it frequents, and the coveys of trim, gay- looking birds. are seen daily running about chasing insects, dusting themselves in the roads or sandy spots, and uttering all the while a soft low queet or woeet. When alarmed, they commence to run, following some leader in outstretched line, or else in bunches when each looks out for himself, dodging behind every bush and stone, and generally striving to reach some dense thicket, or some rocky hillside up which they climb with surpris- ing rapidity. It is, at first, almost 1m- possible to make them take wing, and they will only fly when compelled to do so by their pursuer appearing right among them, and then they proceed but a short distance before alighting, and commence to run again. If the ground permits the covey to be followed rapidly and contin- uously, and the birds find that running is of no avail, they can then be flushed, and they fly swiftly, generally on a level about six or eight feet above the ground, but in a curving direction, not straight forward for any distance, and if the covey becomes well scattered the birds will sometimes lie well and flush singly, but this is exceptional, and a state of affairs only arrived at by a long, per- sistent and fatiguing pursuit. I imagine that most of the birds that are obtained by the gun are shot upon the ground. Very unsportsmanlike, but after one learns their tricks and their manners the natural feeling of denunciation against such a practice that is. possessed by all lovers of dog and gun, somehow does not seem to be so easily aroused in those who have followed these birds for food or recreation. If, however, the sports- man fails to obtain either of these, there is one thing he does get without stint— exercise. Gambel’s partridge bears well great extremes of temperature and is appar- ently quite as comfortable when the thermometer indicates 100 degrees in the shade, as in the keen, rarified air that blows around the mountain tops at an elevation of 8,000 or 9,000 feet. When the heat is as great as that men- tioned above, this species seeks the bot- tom of the cafions, or the banks of the creeks, and keeps in the shade of the dense thickets usually found in such sit- THE GAME BREEDER 13 uations, or, as is frequently the case, perches in the trees. This custom is habitual to it, for it is quite an arboreal bird, taking refuge on the branches of trees or bushes if suddenly alarmed, or when the members of a flock become scattered after having been compelled to take wing. The mating season com- mences quite early in the spring, say the month of April, and the male presents a very handsome appearance as with erect body, dignified movements, puffed- out feathers and trailing, trembling wings, he moves sedately before the gaze of his shy lady-love. She is a modestly attired little body, similar, but still quite different in dress to her lord, lacking the strongly contrasting colors upon the head, and the great black patch on the belly. The glossy, jet black, graceful plume of many feathers, that decorates the head of the male, opening and clos- ing, as his frequent changes of feelings exert their influence, is in the female re- duced to small proportions, and dusky in hue. The nest is simply a hollow scratched out in the soil, sometimes lined with grass or leaves, and concealed from view by tall grass, or by some overhanging | bush, or else hidden away amid the vegetation that springs up in the dry beds of the creeks. In fact any spot that will afford the necessary protection and concealment is taken advantage of, and the eggs removed from the view of pry- ing enemies. Doubtless, however, many are taken by reptiles such as snakes of various kinds, and even the gila mon- ster has been known to have made a meal on the eggs of this species. The usual number found in a nest is from twelve to fifteen; and these have a ground color varying from a creamy ‘Many of the eggs laid this year at the Game Farms of the Long Island Game Breeders’ Association were marked with brown without the purplish bloom as will appear from the illustration on the cover of The Game Breeder. Since many Gambels and Bob Whites will be produced and taken, “not otherwise than by shooting” on farms where there was no game, we hope many sportsmen will be convinced that they can have quail shooting if they wish to do so, white to a pale buff, irregularly spotted and blotched with dark seal, sometimes almost blackish, brown, drab or rufous, all suffused with a peculiar purplish bloom.* Occasionally a nest is found placed in a tree, or cactus, a few feet from the ground, the bird, doubtless, having lost the eggs previously laid, had sought.a more secure refuge from her terrestrial foes. The period of incuba- tion extends to about four weeks, and probably two broods are raised in a sea- son. The birds do not seem to have any regular time to commence laying, some being much later than others, and on this account, and the number of broods raised, young or halfgrown birds are met with nearly throughout the entire sum- mer. The pretty little downy chicks run as soon as hatched, and soon become exceedingly expert in hiding, which they are quick to do at the warning chirp of the mother, squatting close to the ground and remaining absolutely motion- less, or crawling under leaves, or any shelter that is available. Danger past, at a cluck from the anxious mother, who all the time has probably been crouching near by, watching her brood, the chicks gather around her, and are led to a more retired and secure locality. When able to use their wings and fly with some de- gree of freedom, the young take refuge in the trees and perch on the branches, but as they grow older the one partic- ular habit they have inherited prevails over all the rest, and their legs are de- pended upon for escape more than upon any other means at their disposal, and they run with considerable swiftness, only using the wings as the last resort. Gambel’s partridge has many enemies, foremost among which is man, both white and red, who destroys vast num- bers both with gun and snares of vari- ous ingenuity. Hawks, wolves, foxes, and other predatory animals kill num- bers, and doubtless many fall a prey to rattlesnakes and other reptiles. Still if the species only had to combat with its natural enemies, it would probably be able to maintain itself in undiminished numbers, but whenever man, especially 14 THE GAME BREEDER Caucasian man, takes a hand in destroy- ing, the time of diminution and final ex- tinction of any wild creature is near at hand.” This partridge has a number of calls, which it utters at various times and on especial occasions, some of which are. very difficult to represent on paper. At the commencement of the pairing season “Our ornithologists often have predicted and deplored the extermination of game in Amer-, ica often assigning shooting as the cause. It is true, as The Game Breeder has said re- peatedly, that even a ltttle shooting is an additional check to increase which is fatal. It is also true that shooting can be made to keep the game as plentiful as it ever was. The numerous natural enemies referred to by the author destroy thousands of birds every season. These are the birds the sportsmen should shoot and which they safely can shoot provided they do not let the snakes and other vermin destroy them. By combining to form shooting clubs to share the expense of looking after the game propeily, birds can be pro- duced in a wild state at a small expense per gun. Such industry will prevent the putting of quail and grouse on the song-bird list. It should be encouraged and not prevented -on the farms now posted against sport. The sale of some of the game produced will bring down the cost of production and will make the people who eat the game friendly to field sports and not opposed to them as many now are, besides the farmers.—Editor. it gives. voice to a clear, ringing note, usually uttered from some slight emi- nence, which has been compared to the - syllables yuk-kae-ja by Capain Bendire and killink by Dr. Coues, each syllable distinctly uttered and the last two some- what lengthened. These notes strike each hearer so differently that it 1s im-. possible to write them down and convey to each the impression he has received. To me the three-syllabled word given above more clearly describes the note as it was heard by me, but doubtless many others would recognize it better by the word of two syllables as given by Dr. Coues. This note, or cry, is equivalent to the bobwhite of our Northern bird. The alarm note is well indicated by Cap- tain Bendire as craer, craer, frequently repeated; a rasping, harsh sound, in ut- tering which many members of a covey join. At other times, when disturbed, a soft pect, is heard, followed on the slightest alarm by a sharp quit, succeeded by the pattering of little feet upon the dry leaves as the covey hurries away. It is a gentle, beautiful little creature, and without Gambel’s partridge, with all its unsportsmanlike ways, many an arid and rock-strewn district would be de- prived of its chief attraction. PHEASANTS AND BREEDING. One of our Wisconsin readers says: “I have tried an experiment new to me, but which probably has been tried before by many others. This year I placed on four of my farms a coop of young pheas- ants of my late hatchings, with a cluck, near to the farmhouse and chickens, where they had cover and feed, but for the first week or ten days I had a little chick feed put down close to the coop and also kept fresh water constantly for the cluck and the birds. The young pheasants were, of course, at liberty, but the cluck confined in an old-fashioned A-shaped coop. I did the same thing with four or five of my farmer neigh- bors, who have been very much inter- ested in game propagation. The result up to the present time (September 19) is most gratifying, as the birds stay very close to the place where they were put out. They remain in and around the corn fields and stubble and exist partly on small grain which they pick up and I have had great sport watching them making prey on grasshop- pers which constitute their main supply of food. While I am not of the opinion that these birds will become domesti-- cated, from present indications I should say they will remain sufficiently near the barnyard this winter to mingle with the ' THE GAME BREEDER 15 poultry and share in their feed, and | hope they will nest at least in as domes- tic.a manner as the average guinea hen. Trying the above experiment sug- gested itself to me because of several pheasant eggs hatching later than the others and resulted in turning these young birds in with incubated chickens. The young pheasants did very well, not- withstanding they received the same feed as the young chickens and never had one bit of egg and other apparently neces- sary pheasant morsels. It is to be ad- mitted, of course, that they had plenty of range and no doubt had sufficient in- sect life as a substitute.” The grasshoppers no doubt were the cause of the successful rearing. Our readers are aware that in many cases young pheasants, permitted to run at large with the hen, have been reared successfully. Where the young procure plenty of grasshoppers and have a safe range this method always has found to work out very well. The hen and chicks are shut up for the night until the birds are big enough to go to roost. Owen Jones, a talented English game- keeper and author, says: “When five or six weeks old, chicks, hens and coops . are carted away in wagons to the woods, where the chicks must face the dangers of vermin by night as well as by day until they learn to go to roost.” In America, of course, where the fields and woods are full of vermin, it is a difficult matter to introduce pheas- ants to the covers as they safely can do in countries where the vermin is con trolled by many keepers not only on the place where the pheasants are put out in the woods, as Mr. Jones describes, but also on the adjoining places. Vermin is known to gather in places where game is reared. After a light snow the fox tracks were as numerous as sheep tracks would have been had we been keeping big flocks of sheep in the fields near the pheasant pens at the Game Breeders’ As- sociation preserve. Hawks, crows and black snakes also appeared in good num- bers and many were killed and trapped. But I am sure had we attempted to es- tablish the pheasants in rides in the woods the losses would have been large. Many of our. quail left the ground near the pheasant pens and I believe they could not stand the vermin. NOTES FROM THE GAME FARMS AND PRESERVES. Quail Breeding. We would strongly urge our readers to undertake quail breeding. Our adver- tisers soon can supply several species of quail and The Game Breeder will pub- lish many articles about the successful breeding of quail. Soon the laws will be amended so as to permit and encour- age the breeding of quail for sport and for profit and those who get their orders in first will be served first. The experi- ments made this year prove that cock quail will adopt broods of one day old birds when they are properly offered to them. A penned quail will lay enough eggs to provide two good bevies and if gardens are made suitable for their rear- ing many young easily can be reared and permitted to fly out into the adjoining fields. These should be planted so as to make them safe and attractive. The in- dustry of quail breeding is most inter- esting and it can be made most. profitable for both game farmers and sportsmen as soon as the laws everywhere permit quail breeding as they now do in several States. Next year the Game Conservation So- ciety will breed ruffed grouse and prairie grouse both in a wild state, in captivity, and by a new method which has not been tried, but which we are sure will produce excellent results. Stories of the experi mental work will appear in The Game Breeder. All crops will be gathered by shooting. Running Quail, The plumed and crested quail or part- ridges of the Southwestern States and California it is well known do not lie “16 THE GAME BREEDER well to the dog as the bobwhite of the ‘Eastern States does. Mr. Grinnell, in ‘his chapter on the bobwhite, referring to the Texas quail which is somewhat smaller and lighter in color than the Northern and Eastern quails, says, “The uneducated birds of the Southwest do not furnish the same sport furnished by birds frequently pursued, but show the disposition to run before the dog exhibited by the other quail of the dry country—Gambel’s, the scaled and the valley quails.” _ . We have never heard complaints about the running of bobwhites in Texas and we are inclined to believe that the quail shot today lie well to the dog, but it would be interesting to hear from our Texas readers if there are still any bob- whites which are sufficiently uneducated to run away before the dog. The distinguished ornithologist, the late Dr. Elliot Coues, expressed the opinion that probably the Northern quail of the Eastern United States once were -runners. Writing about the blue_ or scaled quail in Arizona he says: “It generally trusts to its legs rather than its wings, though these are not at all deficient in size or strength. On level ground it glides along with marvelous celerity, and makes good progress. over the most rocky and difficult places. As a consequence it is rather difficuit to shoot fairly, though it may be ‘potted’ in great style by one so disposed; and it will probably require several generations in training before it can be taught to lie well to a dog. I am inclined to think, indeed, that the lying of quail, an es- sential feature for the chase in its per- fection, is almost as much a result of education as the ‘pointing’ that the in- telligent brute who helps us kill. them has learned. In a primitive and strictly natural condition, quail, as a. general rule, rather use their legs to escape pur- suit than squat and attempt to hide. That the reverse is the case with the Virginia quail I am perfectly aware, but this proves nothing to the contrary, and I am inclined to think its crouching, till almost trodden upon, to be an acquired trick. This would surely be a poor way of escape from any of its natural ene- miés—any carnivorous bird or mammal; yet they found it to succeed so well against their chief persecutor, that he has had to call in the aid of a sharper- sighted, sharper nosed brute than him- self, else he might stumbie over stubble- fields all day without seeing a bird, ex- cept by accident. I presume that Vir- ginia quail, in the days of Captain Smith and Pocahontas, were very much in the social status of the Arizonian today; and these certainly trust to their legs and wings rather than to the artifice of thrusting their heads in tussocks of grass and then fancying they are safe.” The experiments with the Gambel’s quail being made this year, at the Long Island Game Breeders’ Association game farm, we hope will prove if these run- ners can be taught good sporting man- ners and to lie well to the dog. Since the place was started very late in the season I fear that many of the young quail may not survive because they may not be large enough to stand the cold if we have an early winter or early cold storms in the autumn. The following is fron: a bulletin is- sued (1885) by the U.-S. Department of Agriculture: “The question is often asked whether the habit quail have of lying to the dog is natural or acquired. To get a satisfactory answer one has only to hunt in different parts of Indian Territory (now Oklahoma). In the re- gion west of Fort Sill the quail never think of stopping when they see a dog, but run as fast as possible, and upon: his. near approach they flush immediately, just as one may suppose they do on the approach of a coyote. In the eastern part of the Territory, near the railroad, the quail lie quite well to a dog and, as they are exceedingly abundant, excel- lent sport may be had from November until March.” The Use of Incubators. An incubator helps the keeper to cope with the whims and frailties of brood- ing hens. It is always ready to receive those unexpected eggs which may be brought to his cottage at any moment, THE GAME BREEDER 17 -as when sitting birds are disturbed by sheep or cut out in the mowing grass. And it is ready to take charge of the eggs abandoned by a fowl, or the chipped eggs of a foster mother which shows an inclination to crush the chicks as hatched. Yet it will be long before it ousts the broody barndoor hen from the rearing field—Owen Jones, in Game Keeper’s Notebook. Our readers will remember that Mr. Dusette used successfully a mammoth incubator to hatch wild ducks. Mr. Duncan Dunn, one of the most capable gamekeepers in America, has a room full of incubators and has used them suc- cessfully to hatch pheasant eggs. The Long Island Game Breeders’ Associa- tion this year hatched both Gambel’s and bobwhite quail eggs in an incubator and many broods of quail are now in the gardens in charge of cock bobwhites which were induced to adopt them. This experiment and some others will be de- scribed in an early number of The Game Breeder. Field sports tend to keep people in the country and form a sufficient counter- poise to the pleasures of the town. They add to the value of farms and country places and provide an outdoor employ- ment for many people. Game breeding soon will produce excellent food abund- antly. Posting of Preserves, Private Parks, and Farms. Many States require the owners of farms and country places who wish to escape the roar of the autumn battle (when any rabbits or quail occur) to _post notices or signboards warning tres- passers that they must not shoot up the farm or country place, preserve as they say in the older countries, game ranch as they say in the West. We have re- peated calls for information as to what kind of signs and how many are re- quired, the proper spacing, etc. In New York the law reads, “§362. Notices or sign-boards not less than one foot square warning all persons against hunting or fishing or trespassing thereon for that purpose, shall be conspicuously _ posted and maintained on a private park not more than forty rods apart close to and along the entire boundary thereof, and there shall be so placed at least one notice or signboard on each side and one at each corner of such park and where an outer boundary runs along or under any waters, the nearest shore or banks within the park shall be deemed the boundary for the purpose of posting such notices or signboards. It shall also be considered due service of notice for trespass upon any person or persons, by serving them personally in the name of the owner or owners of such private park with a written notice containing a brief description of the premises, warn- ing all persons against hunting or fishing or trespassing thereon.” §364. Protection of private lands not parks. An owner or person having the exclusive right to hunt or fish upon inclosed or cultivated lands, or to take fish in a private pond or stream and desiring to protect the same, shall main- tain notices or signboards of the size, and posted and maintained in the ma. ner described in the preceding section. $364 provides that signs shall not be defaced or removed or injured. The penalties provided are that vio- . lators shall be guilty of a’ misdemeanor and shall be liable to exemplary damages in the sum of twenty-five dollars for each offense or trespass to be recovered by the owner of the land or hunting and fishing rights thereon. We cannot, of course, print all of the State laws on this subject and probably by the time we printed them many would be changed. Any reader can ascertain just what these and other laws relating to game are in his State by addressing a letter to “State Game Officer,” at the State capitol. In some States the officer is called Commissioner, in others Game Warden. “State Game Officer” will reach him. One Day Old Chicks. Reliable Poultry Journal believes that thesaction of won wp) ©) Koons) First Assistant Postmaster General, in admit- 18 THE GAME BREEDER ting live day-old chicks to the U. S. mails for delivery as parcel post was the most important single act of our government in behalf of the poultry industry since our country was drawn into the world war. The Game Breeder, also, appreciates this wise action. The Game Conserva- tion Society has demonstrated that both one day old pheasants and wild ducks can be shipped safely by parcel post and it no doubt will soon be able to show that one day old quail, prairie grouse and other wild food birds classed as game can be marketed in this manner. Migratory Birds. Persons wishing to procure migratory wild fowl for game farming purposes can have them trapped by the advertisers in The Game Breeder, many of whom are well equipped to perform this service at moderate prices. The Game Conser- vation Society will purchase all its birds used in experimental work from those who advertise in the magazine. As soon as it is finally settled that the Biological Survey cannot stop an owner from shooting his birds, if he wishes to do so, the preserve owners and_ syndicate shoots will purchase large numbers of ducks and geese. The opinion is gaining that the owner ef food birds, who has acquired his title by purchase, gift or in any legal manner, really owns his birds and that he can safely multiply them for food, for protit and for sport. Of course if the laws in- tended to save wild game could be ap- blied to these food birds there would be no production. Wartime Wild Rabbits. War time conservation of beef and pork has enabled a Kansan to develop a rather extraordinary business in_ the marketing of wild rabbits, both jacks and cottontails. A rabbit packing plant has been established and is now ship- ping frozen bunnies by the tens of thou- sands. A recent contract called for 480,000 pounds of jack rabbit meat. The jacks average four pounds each when dressed. This means that approximately 120,000 rabbits were required to fill the order. The fur is disposed of at a handsome profit. It is used in the manufacture of high grade felt, such as enters into the making of men’s hats. All waste products are converted into fertilizer. The industry also rids the country of a crop-destroying pest. Wartime pheasants now are produced in America in big numbers. The reason why more pheasants are not seen in the markets is that new game _ breeding plants starting so rapidly and numerous- ly that most of the pheasants are sold for breeding stock. Oh my! What a crop there will be when all the game breeders are running full time with plenty of stock birds! Rufted Grouse. Repeatedly we are asked why the ruffed grouse are vanishing. The an- swer seems plain. It is because they are not properly looked after. If a little shooting be done by many guns there are not enough birds left for breeding stock. We have seen the grouse made quite plentiful on protected areas where they were properly looked after and where it would be safe to shoot some ° every season because the hawks, foxes and other enemies were destroyed and the gunners safely could shoot the birds which would have been eaten by natural enemies. Grouse are very good to eat and we feel quite sure that in spite of laws pro- viding for closed seasons many are shot and trapped every year. The taking of only a few birds in this manner is too many in places where natural enemies are plentiful and where eggs are eaten by crows, snakes and other vermin and where hawks, foxes and other ground and winged vermin live on grouse. At a place where we visited some years ago the grouse were quite plentiful in charge of a gamekeeper but in shooting on neighboring grounds we found and destroyed many snares and traps which no doubt took entirely enough birds to cause their scarcity or extinction. It 1s quite impossible to stop the people who THE GAME BREEDER 19 take grouse in this manner or to prevent considerable illegal shooting with a war- den force such as provided for by the ~ States. When the birds have become scarce it should be evident there are not enough to supply the needs of the numerous natural enemies. If any snar- ing ‘or illegal shooting goes on, as it surely does, nature’s balance is badly upset and the closed season, undesirable as it is, cannot be expected to produce the desired result. One reason why it is easier to pre- serve deer in public woods is the evi: dence of crime is bigger and more apt to ‘be discovered than it is in the case of smaller: game which can be pocketed. Another and an important reason that the deer have few natural enemies which formerly checked their increase. The wolves and in some States the mountain lions and wild cats are gone, and the eagles which took many small deer are scarce. As a result the deer can in- crease in suitable woods during closed seasons. But there are places where the crows alone are sufficient to prevent an increase of the grouse. In all proba- bility many grouse are shot in violation of law even in remote regions. The shooting of a few we should remember is too,many in all cases where the grouse are scarce when compared with their abundant natural enemies. It is remarkable how well the grouse hold out on populous Long Island since the game preserving on many of the pre- served areas is not nearly as thorough as it should be and there are entirely too many cats. We saw some very big ones recently which were taken in traps. Our Prairie Grouse Experiment. The Game Conservation Society has expended over one hundred dollars so far this season in the effort to get a few pairs of prairie grouse. Since the money was sent to State officers in some cases, and in others the birds were hunted up and located on farms in several States whose owners say they will ship them, it would seem likely that our grouse breeding experiments will proceed next season, the birds being procured in time. We have many disappointments about the prairie grouse—about one a week on the average. The worst one consisted of a refusal of an officer (who said he could get us some chickens) either to produce the birds or the money sent to him. Registered letters remain unanswered. We hope it will not be necessary for us to publish the correspondence and an il- lustration showing the check which went through the banks and the endorse- ment. This will not be done for an- other month when we expect to make some reports which should contain this item of expense. Possibly the money may be returned in the meantime. Today we have a letter from a dealer in the West who promised to send us prairie chickens. He says, “The scarcity of man power has made it impossible to secure enough skilled help even to take care of our breeding birds. This scarcity of men makes it impractical to attempt to trap the birds’ (chicken). Another letter in today’s mail is much more encouraging and we hope to an- nounce the arrival of the chickens in our next issue. If this note about chickens meets the eye of our friend Dr. Fisher, he will be reminded of some recent correspond- ence in which he referred pleasantly to our remarks about his plea for the breed- ing of grouse. We are well prepared to do the breeding but we must have some birds to lay the eggs. Think of a pro- tective system, good in many ways, which prevents the securing of the birds or eggs of a common species for breed- ing purposes! SS Something About Crows. The City Point correspondent of the Bangor News has the following to say on the crow question: Crows are more tame and troublesome this year than ever before. Very early in the spring they began to get familiar, and we saw them many times in the trees surrounding the houses, and were awakened in the early morning by their unmusical conversation. We have a friend up in the White Mountains who has made a study of crow language, and 20 THE GAME BREEDER spends a lot of time in the early spring- time trying to find out what the crows are talking about. He wrote a magazine article on the subject and got it pub- lished. I wish he worked as hard as we did lately to plant a lot of sweet corn, and then had gone out as we did the other day and found two-thirds of those beautiful green shoots of sweet corn laid low and perishing with the kernel of corn eaten off the roots. In my opinion it wouldn’t have taken any study to have found out what those men were talking about at that moment, and we doubt if any first-class magazine would have cared to publish the article. Yet they tell us that crows are scavengers, and as such ought to be protected. In our corn- fields is every device to scare the crows, even to an artistic auburn-haired scare- crow. Twine was strung and white rags waved in the breeze all along the line. Tin cans and pails were stuck around on poles. We had been told that tin would scare the crows, and confidently left a paper bag of seed corn with some other things in an old tin boiler on the ground. Next morning the paper bag was torn open and not a vestige of the corn re- mained. In our opinion any protection given to such pests as these is a mis- take, and any talk of it is worthy to be listed in the same category with what the crows are talking about. The only thing good enough for a crow is a shot- gun.—Maine Woods. Shooting the Movies. The casual visitor to a shooting gal- lery displaying the sign, “Shooting the Movies,’ would be led to think that the old-time shooting gallery, with its moving array of ducks and deer, had been displaced by a regular moving pic- ture, which gives a man a chance to shoot a real picture of the wild game which he shoots in the open. It is true that moving pictures of wild game now form the marks for the customers of a shooting gallery, but few persons realize the complicated electrical system needed to make this sort of shooting possible. A man shooting at objects in a moving picture would soon discover that almost before he pulled the trigger some other, object would be in view. In order to make.it possible to actually see where the animal has been hit, a complicated electrical system is necessary. The sys- tem is under Swiss patent and the con- trolling mechanism is a microphone. The report of the gun is recorded by the microphone, which in turn operates elec- trical devices which instantly stop the projecting machine, allowing the one shooting to see exactly where the animal is hit, and then automatically start the projecting machine again. The same system automatically changes the paper background of the picture, covering up the bullet hole, and so prepares the tar- get for the next shot. At the beginning of the war the Brit- ish Government became interested in. developing some device for giving rifle practice to prospective soldiers. Fifty thousand pounds was set aside, and finally the electrical devices necessary to make “shooting the movies” possible were developed. Apparatus of this kind is now installed on the larger battle- ships, in aero stations and in training stations. Moving pictures of submarines and periscopes form the targets for those on board ship, whereas soldiers going over the top often form the target at training camps. The present apparatus has been per- fected after eighteen months of work and is proving very satisfactory. Lubfin & Butler have opened a shooting gallery of this type on Market Street in San Francisco and the same firm expects to introduce this new sport in all of the larger cities of the West. Needless to say, this new sport develops the ability to shoot quickly and accurately —Cali- fornia Fish and Game. Mr. Bullock of the Scarboro Beach Game Farm, Scarboro, Maine, writes that he has clear straight Black Duck for sale at $6.00 per pair. He also has Blue Winged Teal at $5.00 per pair. The Long Island Game Breeders Asso- ciation has purchased some and it seems THE GAME BREEDER 21 likely that the Black Duck and the Teal quickly will be taken by breeders who are interested in wild fowl. Discretionary Powers. California Fish and Game reviews the various laws giving State officers dis- cretionary powers to make closed seasons for fish in certain waters and for game on certain areas when it appears that the game and fish are vanishing and need protection. It cannot be denied that the necessity for closing vast areas in most of the States, and in fact closing all of the area, will become more and more apparent so long as the number of the guns increases and no one is permitted to look after the game properly. We have entertained the idea that crime was a serious matter and that many new crimes should not be made arbitrarily, the danger being that persons ignorant of the new regulations and crime boundaries might be punished. We will not object to this method of creating new criminal laws, however, if the States will provide that nothing in the laws or regulations shall be held to prohibit the profitable production of game and its sale as food from places where it is produced for this purpose. To provide arbitrarily that a State de- partment may close the killing of chick- ens or ducks for a term of years would put an end to the poultry industry. The game breeding industry, which has _ be- come an important food-producing in- dustry in America in spite of many legal _ obstacles, should not be arbitrarily ter- minated in the interest of a game protec- tion industry which never has been able to supply the markets or even to furnish a reasonable amount of sport in closely cultivated regions. It is a poor time just now for a State department to insist that it must be criminal to produce food on the farms and arbitrary decrees closing the shooting will put an end to game production in places where such industry is legal. The farmers will soon express themselves on this subject. Many women game breeders will join them, and we can hardly believe a majority of the sportsmen will insist in war times that people must be arrested if they produce game for food. We have a large ac- quaintance among sportsmen in many States and we do not know a single one who will declare that it should be crimi- nal to produce food on a farm. Cheering Comment. A State Game Officer writes to the edi- tor: “I have read with much interest the Game Breeder and wish to commend you and your publication for the thorough manner in which you are making a fight for better game conditions and legisla- tion in the United States.” We believe all intelligent State game: officers would prefer to see game plenti- ful and the shooting good to seeing the dove, the quail, the prairie grouse, the ruffed grouse, the wood-cock on the song bird list and most of the farmers up in arms, so to speak, against sportsmen and the departments representing them. The departments easily can be made of great economic importance, by permitting those who wish to engage in food production and field sports to do so, the result will be that the wild lifing outfits can be run out when they try to make laws for States where they do not reside, just as they were run off of Long Island when they tried to put an end to food produc- tion and field sports there. If any one can shoot quail quite near New York without the wild lifing assistance why should not the sport be preserved every- where. There must, of course, be some producers. We cannot all be destroyers. BOOK REVIEWS. TWO GOOD BOOKS. “War-Time Poultry Feeding” and “Back- yard Poultry Keeping” are two good and timely books. The “Back-yard’ book tells us how this area can be made to pay, describes what is possible and explains the industry from start to finish, giving estimates of cost and profit and telling the reader what to pur- chase, what to feed and all the “whys and wherefores.” “War-Time Poultry Feeding” has much of value and interest not only for war-time but for all other times. Here as elsewhere war economies may become valuable, not only for the present but also for the future. There are chapters on Poultry Foods, Feeding Chicks, Feeding Fowls for Eggs, Making a Profit with Poultry and The Feeding of By- products; there are numerous short articles by authoritative writers on many subjects. 22 THE GAME BREEDER “OTHERWISE THAN BY SHOOT- ING.” We understand that the Biological Survey is very receptive to the idea that game farmers should have some shooting customers. They must if game rapidly is to become tremendously plentiful for profit, for sport and for food. We hope the Survey will not cogitate on this sub- ject as long as it did on the Mexican quail question. We were afraid the quail would be laying in the South before we could secure the stock of breeders to be transported north. The Secretary of Agriculture took the proper view of the matter when we brought it before him and our readers will remember the tele- gram marked rush announcing the ear- lier opening for quail importations which we published. In matters of game breeding and in matters of all business for that matter, speed: is desirable. Eggs spoil if they are kept too long. Quail die if kept too long in boxes waiting for the action of “hoss doctors” as one of our readers puts it. We know how easy it is to go slow in all official matters but one thing the Survey can bank on, when we ask for anything it is right and proper. A\I- though at first blush it may not seem to be good politics we can guarantee it as Al. Bunch all the interests which talk about free shooting on the farms and include all who say it should be criminal to produce certain kinds of plants or animals and let the farmers fully under- stand the question and we will guarantee that they will vote with the intelligent sportsmen who admit they cannot even shoot up the farmers’ trespass signs with impunity. The women who have been arrested for having eggs or birds in their possession also will vote for good gov- ernment we are quite sure and there are several women among the hundreds who are breeding game who are very good talkers. So even if the Survey should happen to be a Republican or a Demo- cratic outfit (we know no politics here) it should have no fear when The Game Breeder says anything is right and pro- per. Speed it up. The proper method of taking game is by shooting. Salt on the tail is old style. Editor Game Breeder: Looking over the Migratory Bird Law in The Game Breeder, I find that the duck law calls for an open season on Long Island October 16-January 31. The State law is October 1-January 15. Woodcock Migratory Bird Law, Octobet 1-November 30; State. law for Long Island, October 15-November 30. Who’s who and what's what? Your interpretation will be appreciated. Yours truly, H. J. MontTanus. When the State laws and the Migra- tory Bird Law conflict we believe the regulation makers for U. S. hold that the State law 1s supposed to fix the dates provided the State dates fall within the national dates. If, for example, the State law for woodcock is as you say it is (and if you saw it in The Game Breeder it’s. true) that is October 15, this is O. K., since it is later than October 1, the date fixed by regulation makers. In the case of wild ducks, although the State, which is said to own the ducks, says they may be shot October 1, we believe the regu- lation makers claim they have amended this State law by making a regulation fixing October 16 as the date when they would prefer to see the New York duck shooters get busy. One of the advisers. told us there was plenty of beef and mutton for the people to eat, and it was. not necessary for them to have any game in America. Although this statement was made before the war, he still holds that it is a European custom to have game and that it is quite different in this. country, where, he might have added, the people seem to like to be humbugged by those who collect vast sums to see that . they get what they are supposed to want. You may have noticed that our request that the law be amended so as to read that it should not be construed to apply to game farms and preserves, and the sale of the game by:those who wished to sell was granted. We insisted upon this. so that those who look after their game would have to spend all of their time in ascertaining if the laws are the same as they were when they were issued. By keeping the game laws off the farms: THE GAME BREEDER 23 JEAN On the Mississippi Training Ground of River Lawn Kennel. where game is produced, the sportsmen who prefer to do so can shoot without interference, and if they need some money to help pay expenses they can let the people have some game to eat. Many thousands of sportsmen now enjoy good shooting and are not obliged to keep up with season and bag limits. Editor Game Breeder: I belong to a duck club and wish to know if our members can shoot ducks on Long Island, N. Y., on October 1, when the State law opens the season for ducks, or if we must wait until October 16, when the Migratory Law says the season opens. - A RurAL NEW YORKER. Our answer to another letter, above, will answer your question as. far as we are able to answer it. We have been told that the State is not obliged to exe- cute the national regulation and that the United States was not ready just yet to execute it. Our opinion is, if the courts hold the national regulation to be a valid United States criminal law, the United States regulators may attempt to gather some fines from those who only obey the State law. We regret to see the duck shooting season shortened so as to cut out the best two weeks for duck shooting on Long Island at a time when there is a shortage in our food supply. and DAN —See Advertisement The Prairie Grouse. It seems a pity to substitute pheasants for the splendid American grouse and to let the grouse go the way of the wild pigeon and the bison. The laws which favor and encourage pheasant breeding have produced results, just as we knew they would, and we have no hesitation in saying that laws permitting and encour- aging grouse production soon will make the grouse plentiful. There can be no doubt that grouse will sell readily at $5 each and more there can be no doubt that their eggs will sell for $5 or $10 per dozen. Any one with common sense should know that there are plenty of people willing to go into any profitable industry and The Game Breeder will furnish plans and specifications for those who wish to produce grouse for sport or for profit. From reports coming to The Game Breeder it would seem that the ruffed grouse also needs the attention of game breeders if it is not to go on the song bird list temporarily and, later, forever. East Cleveland, Ohio. [Many of our readers are familiar with the unrevised story of the man who, when served with olives for the first time, said he would like to lick the fellow who put up those plums. —KFEditor.| 24 THE GAME BREEDER The Game Breeder PuBLISHED MONTHLY Epitep sy DWIGHT W. HUNTINGTON NEW YORK, OCTOBER, 1918. TERMS: 10 Cents a Copy—$1.00 a year in Advance. Postage free to all subscribers in the United States.’ To All Foreign Countries and Canada, $1.25. THE GAME CONSERVATION SOCIETY, INC. PUBLISHERS, 150 NASSAU ST., NEW YORK D. W. Huntincrton, President, F. R. Perxorro, Treasurer, J. C. Huntineton, Secretary. E. Dayton, Advertising Manager. Telephone, Beekman 3685. THE SOFT PEDAL. We are glad to announce that an end to the controversy about the game laws is in sight. We are glad to be able to use the soft pedal in the future and we are sure our readers will be pleased to read more stories about game and fewer stories about how the game laws have been amended so as to keep game breed- ers out of jail. Section 12 of the Migratory Bird law is just what we wanted and we under- stand the “otherwise than by shooting” regulation will be repealed. The State game officers, assembled in New York recently, passed a resolution providing that all States which had not done so should enact laws encouraging game breeding. In bidding farewell to controversy it seems proper to say a few words about the occasion for certain forms of it. It was not an easy matter to start a trade paper in the interest of an illegal industry. Many predicted failure. We had no idea that the magazine would have any real enemies and it has had none among fair-minded, intelligent people. The number of requests for it, coming from libraries, scientific institu- tions and colleges and from judges, law- yers, doctors, professors and from prom- inent sportsmen and agriculturists indi- cate that the work of the society and its bulletin are appreciated by people whose influence for good amounts to something. When the magazine was started and the dean of American sportsmen, the late Charles Hallock, wrote a letter praising and indorsing its policy, we were a little surprised to learn that the zoo superintendent had broken loose and was running about saying, “Our enemies are publishing a monthly maga- zine.” We wondered for a long time who the other fellow could be since the word “our” seemed to indicate there were two of a kind, which seemed 1m- possible. It occurred to us that a few playful remarks about the zoo man and his fund ($104,000) might make the wild lifing campaign lively and tend te offset the remarks about “our enemies.” We were quite sure that the wild lifing director, when he announced his cam- paign of animosity towards the little magazine, would be helpful and _ not harmful, and we were just wicked enough to speed him up a bit. New subscribers dropped in to see what the trouble was about and they all became regular readers. The late Mr. Hill, a talented and capable editor who some- times brought out The Game Breeder when the writer could not.do so, cleverly remarked that “those who came to scoff remained to pray.’ Having been bene- fited, why should we entertain any ant- mosity? We never did. So far as the “enemy” business was concerned it’ was all one-sided. People sometimes are heard to say they are proud of their ene- mies but we have never had any spare time or any inclination for pride. It is the duty of a trade paper to look after the interests of its readers and ad- vertisers and to publish items of news in its field. When the arms and am- munition people donated $25,000 to the Audubon Association, an old, well estab- lished and reputable organization, we approved the gift. We know full well that this association is not opposed to the breeding, shooting and the sale of game. But in all our game farming experience we never heard a pig under a gate squeal louder than the wild lifer did when he heard of the proposed donation. This THE GAME BREEDER 25 reminds us that Professor Pearson, Sec- retary of the Audubon’ Association, wrote us that the producer of a wild food bird should have as much right to sell his game as the producer had to sell a pig. Our remarks about the zoo superin- tendent were playful, not malicious. When_ $28,000 was raised to prohibit the sale of game in New York, we were glad to help those who amended the bill so that it would permit and not prevent a regulated sale of game. It was not difficult to have it enacted after the proper amendment was made. A big mistake was made in not per- mitting the sale of quail. It would be easy and interesting to make these birds an abundant food supply on areas where they no longer occur. Some industry would be required, of course. When the notable attempt was made to close the quail shooting on Long Island, we in- vited a lot of people to hear “‘our enemy” at his best, in connection with another mnnonallict, ID, Weelks, ID. So Coy Cue. Cre, We were pleased, as usual, at the result of the hearing. Wild lifing again ap- peared in the role of humpty-dumpty. We have always invited the wild-lifer to our annual game dinners and we have reserved a place for him on an impor- tant committee, which will be announced later. We hope he will regard our play- ful remarks as no more harmful than his calling us “our enemies’ was. Both sides secured a little much needed pub licity and we now close the account and call it square. We have opposed the wild-lifing in- dustry only when it appeared to inter- fere with the game-breeding industry. When attempts were made to secure laws prohibiting the sale of game, or shooting, we have insisted on short amendments permitting the shooting and the sale of game by breeders and their customers.. If necessary, we shall con- tinue this activity and see that any proposed laws which prevent the produc- tion of food on the farms be amended so as to permit and encourage food pro- duction. Present indications are that ‘our work will be easy, now that game breeding has become very successful and the best State game officers favor it. We are confident that patriotic State game officers understand that it is de- sirable to encourage and not to prevent food production. We are quite sure that the legislation intended to encour- age it will be favored and not prevented by the Audubon Association and that before long it will not be criminal to produce and sell any kinds of plants or animals on the farms. We must admit we were a little alarmed at one time about the national law, and especially when we were told the game breeders’ interests could not be protected, but that is all over now. A pace has been set by the Nation which the patriotic States will follow. A Preliminary Demand. One of the things that create fear of a leather shortage is the enormous de- mand for suit-cases created by the estab- lishment of Prohibition areas.—Wash- ington Star. Another Doorknob Snake. Discovering that snakes were eating the ‘‘nest eggs” where his hens were lay- ing, J. P. Gill, of Albany, Ga., replaced the initial eggs with white doorknobs. A snake was soon found which had swal- lowed one of the knobs, but could not “set away with it.” The reptile was killed and the doorknob replaced in the nest. It Pays and Good Sense. The Game Breeder: Enclosed find check for advertisenient. Please discontinue same, as | am about sold out of game. The first ad. sold two pairs of swans. The Game Breeder surely is a good advertising medium, as it hits them all; and it is a sensible paper. Il appreciate it. Colorado. ONES: [Your ad. helped to put some common sense in the Migratory Bird Law. See Sec. 12, pro- tecting game farmers and preserve Owners. The' last named are the best customers. There will be several thousand new ones next season. Do you know where we can get a couple of car loads of deer for one of the new places? Our advertisers all seem to sell out quickly — Editor. ] 26 THE GAME BREEDER FENCES FOR GAME PRESERVES _. The accompanying photograph shows one of our Non-Climbable “RIOT ”’ fences, erected by us, with our indestructible steel fence post 8 feet high, surrounding the Yale Bow] Field, New Haven, Conn. This fence held in check 80,000 people who attended the Harvard- Yale Game, November 25th, 1916, and 60,000 people who attended the Princeton-Yale Game, November 13th, 1915. We have this fence and many other excellent designs. It will be to your advantage to secure our Catalogue, that shows many of the best erected fences in this country; also tells about our posts in detail; how to erect a fence; how to paint the fence wire to keep it from rusting. : Become acquainted with our fence building system. It will save you many dollars and a great deal of worry. Fences for every purpose, with either straight or non-climbable post, tennis court back stops, etc., erected by our trained men anywhere. J. H. DOWNS 38 ROOSEVELT AVENUE SuiteA JERSEY CITY, N. J- RIVER LAWN GAME FARM 3 R. H. SIDWAY GRAND ISLAND, ERIE CO., N.Y. Young Pheasants for Fall delivery extra fine, healthy non-related birds. My birds are raised for my own shooting and are very strong on the wing. | Member of The Game Guild. Member American Game Breeders Society. Phone, 9286 Farragut FINE FURS FOR SALE. YOUNG BIRDS, THIS YEAR’S HATCH, JOHN MURGATROYD one wing pinioned. Silver, $7.50 per pair; Goldens, $7.50 per pair; Ringnecks, $5 00 per pair; Mongolians, : : $6.50 per pair; Lady pinbersts, $12.50 per pair; ee Taxidermist . $12.50 per pair; Redhead Ducks, $10.00 per pair; Man- darin Ducks, $12.50 per pair; Wood Ducks, $12.50 per pair; 57 WEST 24th STREET Mexican Tree Ducks, $12.50 per pair. M.R.CHEESMAN, Bet. Broadway and 6th Ave. NEW YORK Murray, R. F. D. No. 3, Utah. 3t Finest Work at Reasonable Prices Call and See for Yourself FREE FOUNDATION STOCK | | Te Breeders and fancers' New . ‘ . . devoted to the breeding and marketing of ducks furnished to ras € Rabbits, Cavies or geese, turkeys (including the wild varieties), rab- Pigeons. Send dime for particulars and bits, cavies, pigeons, etc. Organ of the American paper. Buttercup Club, and Waterfowl Club of America. \ \ Interesting and instructive articles by able writers. Young’s Tanning Compound, easily applied to any skin, large can $1.00, trial can 50c. Tattoo Ear 50c a Year, 3 Years for $1.00 Marker $1.50. Ear Tags 30c per dozen. Gibson’s Canada 75c a Year, 3 Years $1.75 wonderful Rabbit Book $1.00. Cavy Book 50c. Special Trial Offer in U. S.,, 8 Months for 25c Squab Culture, a recognized authority on raising : pigeons for profit, $1.00. 5 AD. RATES: 75c an inch, or for 3 months or more at rate of 65c an ne Classified, 2c a word. ress NATIONAL FANCIER & BREEDER AMER Fo A ae 335 South East Avenue, Oak Park, Ill. 1558 Dickson Ave., Scranton, Pa. In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: ‘‘Yours for More Game.” THE GAME BREEDER 27 Pheasants, Wild Mallard Ducks & Wild Turkeys FOR SALE Hatched This Year Tamarack Farms, Dousman, Waukesha County, Wis. WILD DUCK FOODS Wild Celery, Sago Pond Weed. Widgeon Grass, Red-Head Grass, Chara and other foods which attract water fowl. Wehave the best duck foods which will attract and hold the game and which impart the finest flavor to the flesh. We plan and arrange the plantings suitable to all waters. GOOD SHOOTING DURING THE OPEN SEASON Iam prepared to entertain a number of sportsmen who wish to shoot wild geese, Canvasback and other wild ducks and quail, snipe, etc. Only small parties can be properly looked after. Appoint- ments to trv the shooting and learn about the wild duck foods are made by correspondence. J. B. WHITE WATERLILY, CURRITUCK SOUND, NORTH CAROLINA Member of THE GAME GUILD | Game Wanted @ We are in the market to buy game birds and deer raised on licensed game preserves. We can use quantities of venison, pheasants and mallard duck raised on licensed game farms and preserves which can | be sold in New York State throughout the year but | coming from points outside of New York State preserves must also have the New York State License in order to -be permitted to ship in this State and be sold here. If you have game to sell, let us hear from you. House of A. Si1z 414—420 West 14th Street =- NEW YORK CITY Cable Address, SILZ, NEW YORK, Telephone, CHELSEA 4900 fn writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: ‘““Yours for More Game.” 28 THE GAME BREEDER > Wild Mallard Ducks and Ringneck Pheasants WRITE FOR PRICES Scarboro Beach Game Farm R. E. BULLOCK, Manager SCARBORO, - MAINE Member of the Game Guild We Furnish Eggs in Season PROFITS IN FUR FARMING Learn about the wonderful Black Fox Industry which has proven so profitable to breeders. Read the Black Fox Magazine, the only P Established 1860 Telephone 4569 Spring paper of its kind in the world. : FRED SAUTER SAMPLE COPY FREE. , \ ; ; ial Leading Taxidermist of America Subscription $1.50 per year. 42 Bleecker Street New York City Corner Lafayette Street | Subway Station at the Door THE BLACK FOX MAGAZINE Specialist in All Branches of Taxidermy Write for Illustrated Catalogue RE 15 Whitehall Street, New York In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: “Yours for More Game.” THE GAME BREEDER 29 WE HAVE For Sale Silver, Golden, Ring- neck, Lady Amherst, Formosan, White, Mongolian, Reeves, Swinhoe, Versicolor, Impeyan, Soem- mering, Manchurian Eared, Melano- tus, Black Throat Golden, Linneated and Prince of Wales Pheasants. Wild Turkeys, Japanese Silkies, Longtails, Mallard Ducks, S. C. Buff and Blue Orpingtons and R. I. Reds. Five varieties of Peafowl, Crane, Swan, Fancy Ducks, Doves, Deer, Jack Rabbits. Send $1.00 for new Colortype Catalogue. Where purchase amounts to $10.00, price of catalogue refunded. CHILES & COMPANY MT. STERLING KENTUCKY Member of The Game Guild Member of The American Game Breeders Society Gant PURE BRED WILDAURMEY, Yama Brook Trout Scientifically bred by the Darwinian theory for vigor, quick growing to large size and to produce a large number of eggs— absolutely free of disease, frequently thriv- ing where others die. Information in reference to trout breed- % ing and keeping cheerfully given by our trout culturist. Scientific examination made of your con- ditions for keeping trout at moderate charge. We have on hand for stocking 1,500,000 Yama Trout from fry to 2 lbs. Eggs in seaaon. YAMA FARMS Napanoch, Ulster County, N. Y. OUR HOPE. We hope when the prospective cam- paigns scheduled for next winter and intended to make new song birds out of our natural food birds are on the legis- lative assemblies will have enough com- mon sense to add to the proposed bills some words in harmony with section 12 of the new U. S. statute. LLEWELLYN SETTER PUPPIES 5 MONTHS OLD, one male $25.00, 3 females $15.00 each. Parents of these puppies are good close workers and keen scented on all game. Apple E. WRAIGHT, Gamekeeper, West Hartland, Conn. It FOR SALE, WELL-BRED SETTERS Dogs Trained for Shooting. Young Dogs Suitable for Training. WRITE FOR PRICES THE RIVER LAWN KENNELS Grand Island Erie Co., New York Member of The Game Guild DOGS HOUNDS—ALL KINDS. BIG50 PAGE CATALOGUE 10¢. ROOKWOOD KENNELS, Lexington, Kentucky. THE BLUE GRASS FARM KENNELS, of Berry, Ky., offer forsale setters and pointers, fox and cat hounds, wolf and deer hounds. Coon and opossum hounds, var- mint and rabbit hounds, bear and lion hounds, also Aire- dale terriers. All dogs shipped on trial, purchaser to judge the quality, satisfaction guaranteed or money re- funded. Sixty page, highly illustrated, instructive and interesting catalogue for ten cents in stamps or coin, AIREDALE TERRIERS. The genuine one-man dog. Pedigreed, registered pups. Males $25.00. Females, $15.00. Guaranteed Satisfactory. L. E. GALLUP, 2200 “Ogien, Omaha, Nebraska, BOOK ON DOG DISEASES And How to Feed Mailed free to any address by America’s the Author Pioneer H. CLAY GLOVER CO., Inc., Dog Medicines} 118 West 31st Street, New York TWO YOUNG LABRADOR RETRIEVERS FOR sale. Dog and Bitch. Apply, THOMAS BRIGGS, Arden, New York. 3t In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: “Yours for More Game.” 80 THE GAME BREEDER Breeders’ Cards WILD TURKEYS Pure Bred Wild Turkeys Eggs in Season MARY WILKIE Beaver Dam, Virginia Member of the Game Guild PHEASANTS, PIGEONS AND EGGS. Pheasants, Amherst, Silver, Gold- en, Reeves, Mongolian, Swinhoe, Versicolor, Ringnecks, Cochin Bantams, White King Pigeons. Eggs in Season. BLUE RIBBON POULTRY AND PHEASANT FARM Davenport Neck, Phone 655, New Rochelle, N. Y. Member of the Game Guild. REGISTERED BLACK FOXES, TROUT & HARES. Rugged pups, bred on highest ranchin America. 1917 Breeding Record. 8 litters from 8 females. Also Mountain Brook Trout. Milch Goats. Belgium and Flemish Hares. BORESTONE MOUNTAIN FOX RANCH Onawa - Maine Member of the Game Guild. MALLARDS AND BLACK DUCKS. Guaranteed Pure Bred Wild Ducks. Eggsinseason. 15 Mal- lard eggs, $4.00, 100 eggs $25. 15 Black Duck eggs, $6.00, 100 eggs, $35. Pole MOUSE ley Bad Axe, Michigan. Order Breeding Stock now to be grown for next season. There is a limit on Pure Wild stock. Member of the Game Guild. ~ lal . . . Do not write for prices or infor- mation. Send check. If birds do not please you return them and your money will be returned at once. LIVESGAME, ELK, DEER, WILD Turkeys, Quail, Pheasants, Ducks, and all other game. Eggs in season. See space advertise- ment. W. J. MACKENSEN, Yardley, Pa. Member of the Game Guild. DARK MALLARD Black Duck, Mallard Hybrids These ducks are reared on free range + egg producers under control Price $3.60 per pair; $1.75 each ALBERT. F. HOLMES 8 Bosworth St., Boston, Mass. Member of the Game Guild BREEDER OF FANCY PHEASANTS Eggs inseason. Amhersts, Silver, Golden, Versicolor, Mongolian, Reeves, Ringnecks, Manchurian, Elliott, Swinhoe, Impeyan, Mela- notus, Soemmering. GRAY’S GOLDEN POULTRY FARM Gifford Gray, Orange, New Jersey Member of the Game DR. FRANK KENT Importer Bob White Quail San Antonio, Texas. Book your orders now for early Fall and Spring delivery. Bank references. Member of the Game Guild. | SEA CLIFF PHEASANTRY - We have nearly all.of the rare pheas- ants and cranes, also white, Java and black shouldered Japanese Peafowl. Mandarin ducks. Eggs in Season for \ sale. Write for prices and particu- |i.5@ lars. BALDWIN PALMER Villa Serena, Sea Cliff, Long Island, N.Y. £ Member of the Game Guild. 6t PHEASANTS ENGLISH, RINGNECKS Pearl: White Guineas and White Cochin Bantams Baby Pheasants and Eggs in Season » THE HIRSCH POULTRY YARDS - 45th Place, Lyons, Illinois WILD DUCKS The practical rearing of wild ducks = is fully described in the illustrated book, ‘‘Our Wild Fowland Waders,’’ ° written by the Editor of the Game - Breeder. Price $2.00 post paid. THE GAME CONSERVATION SOCIETY, Publishers 150 Nassau St., New York {nm writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: ‘“Yours for More Game.” | THE GAME BREEDER 31 GAME BIRDS All American game birds are fully described in the illustrated book, “*Our Feathered Game,’’ written by the Editor of the Game Breeder Price $2.00 For sale by THE GAME CONSERVATION SOCIETY 150 Nassau St., New York GOLDEN, SILVER, AMHERST, REEVES ‘and RINGNECK PHEASANTS. All pure bred, strong healthy birds. Must be seen to be appreciated. Prices reasonable. Eggsin season. THOS. F. CHESEBROUGH Northport, Long Island, N. Y. WATER FOWL. | can supply nearly all species of wild water fowl and eggs at attractive prices. Mallards, Pin- tails, Teal, Canvasbacks, Red Heads, Gadwalls, _Widgeons, Spoonbills, Canada Geese, Snow Geese and other wild ducks and geese. Write, stating what you want. GEORGE J. KLEIN, Naturalist Ellinwood, Kansas PHEASANTS AND PHEASANT EGGS. We have Ringnecks and ten |=: other species of Pheasants. =?==3 Eggs in season. One day old pheasant chicks 65 F cents each. Flemish Giants > and other rabbits. THE MAPLE GROVE PHEASANTRY AND PET STOCK FARM, 43 IdenAve., Pelham Manor, N.Y. CLASSIFIED ADVERTISEMENTS Member of the Game Guild. Announcements inserted under this head in small type for 3 cents per word. If displayed in heavy type, 5 cents per word. No advertisement accepted for less than 30 cents. Postage stamps accepted in payment. THE GAME BREEDER 150 Nassau Street New York City FOR SALE These Pheasants will be in full plumage this fall: 4 pair Silvers, $30.00; 2 extra hens, $10.00. 1 pair Swinhoes, $3500. 1 pair Mongolian, $7.00; 3 extra cocks, $6.00. 10 Ringneck hens, $30.00; 4 Ringneck cocks, $5.00 3 pair Lady Amhersts, $50.00; 1 extra cock, $1000. 1 pair Gold- ens, $8.00: 3 extra hens, $15.00. 1 pair Reeves, $15.00: 2 extra hens, $20.00. 5 pair Canada geese, 5 years old, $35.00. 6 pair Redheads, $5000; 1 pair Baldpates, $5.00; 1 pair Pintails, $3.00. 1 pair wood ducks, $12.50; 1 pair Mandarin ducks, $12.50. 1 pair Mexican tree ducks, $12.50. M. R. CHEESMAN, Murray, Utah, R F.D. No.3. Box61, FOR SALE—PET FEMALE COON. GUARANTEED breeder, three years old, Had five last litter, Stamp for reply, BEN BOWMAN, Monroe Ave., Canton, gale t RABBIT AND HARE SOCIETY OF CANADA. Breeders should write for constitution and by-laws. JOHN E, PEART, Secretary, Hamilton, Ontario, 12t WILL SELL THREE PAIR GOLDEN PHEASANTS, full plumage, $5.00 each birc; four pair Silver Pheasants, $4.00 each; Lady Amhersts; $6 00 each, this year’s hatch. Golden Pheasants this year’s hatch, $4.00 each, Prices un- changeable and for either sex. Noattention given to price inquiries. G. L. DAVIS, Mt. Sinai, Long Island, N. Y. 2t LIVE GAME WILD TURKEYS—For prices see display advertisement in this issue. W. J. MACKENSEN, Yardley, Bucks County, Pa. PHEASANTS FOR SALE—RINGNECKS, SILVER, Goldens, Mongolians, Formosan, Prince of Wales, Lady Ambhersts, Reeves, Swinhoes, Melanotus, Versicolor, Man- churian Eared, ROBINSON BROS., Aldershot, Ontario, Canada. 3t EINES Mi Ne MEN ESI Se de PURE BRED WILD WATERFOWL AT FOLLOW- ing prices: Mallards, $3.75 per pair. Pintails, $3 25 per pair. Green Wing Teal, $5.00 per pair. Blue Wirg Teal, $3.75 per pair. Also redheads, Gadwalls, Widgeons, Canvasbacks, Spoonbills, at reasonable prices, fot’ propa- gating and scientific purposes. GEORGE J. KLEIN. Ellinwood, Kansas. FOR SALE—THREE PAIRS OF WOOD DUCKS. GLENN CHAPMAN, 882 Lake Street, Newark, N. J. 3t HOYT’S CALIFORNIA PHEASANTRY, PRICELIST. FRED D. HOYT, Hayward, California. GRAY STAR PHEASANTRY Breeder of all kinds of pheasants. Eggs in season. Pure brand, strong, healthy birds for sale. GIFFORD GRAY, zt Ward St., Orange, N. J. FOR SALE—Pheasants and eggs. Everything in the pheasant family. Pamphlet with order free. BUCK- WOOD PHEASANTRIES, Dunfield, Warren Co., New Jersey. (10t) QUAIL, PARTRIDGES, WILD FOWL, DEER AND other animals. See display advertisement in this issue. WM. J. MACKENSEN, Proprietor Pennsylvania Pheas- antry and Game Park. CANADA WILD GEESE AND THEIR GOSLINGS— A limited number for sale now—the surest way to start breeding this species. We are the oldest and largest breeders of Canadas in this country. Black and White Swans.Wild Ducks, etc., forsale. WHEALTON WATER FOWL FARMS, Chincoteague Island. Va. GOLDEN PHEASANT COCKS, IN FULL PLUM- age, six dollarseach. P. SCHWEHM, 4219-4th Street, N. E., Seattle, Wash. It WANTED—WHITE PEAFOWL, EITHER SEX. Pied Peafowl, Soemmerring, Cheer, Hoki and German Peacock Pheasants, Ruffed Grouse, and White Squirrels. Also Swinhoes; state price and number. R.A. CHILES & CO., Mt. Sterling, Ky. Pheasants Wanted WANTED. ELLIOTT, MIKADO,SATYR, TRAGOPAN and Linneated Pheasants. Mature birds only. Write A. J. MERLE, Alameda, Cal. ot WANTED—200 PHEASANTS FOR FALL SHOOTING. Delivery any time before Nov. 15. All cocks or part hens. State Jowest price. Cash with order. Shooting Cink. Care GAME BRFEDER. 150 Nassau St., N.Y. In writing to advertisers please mention The Game B eeder or sign your letters: “Yours for More Game.” 32 THE GAME BREEDER Notice to Purchasers. Purchasers can rely upon advertisers in The Game Breeder. The Game _ Conservation Society has a committee known as the Game Guild, which investigates complaints promptly and insists upon fair dealing under a penalty of dismissal from membership and the loss of the right to advertise in the magazine. There are very few complaints in a year, for the most part due to shipments of eggs. These have been uniformly adjusted to the satisfaction of the seller and purchaser. Any member making a complaint should state that in placing his order he mentioned the fact that it was due to an advertisement in The Game Breeder. All mem- be of the Society are urged to buy from those who support the publication by advertising In 1t. FOR SALB—PURE MONGOLIAN PHEASANTS. | WANTED, SITUATION AS GAMEKEEPER, EX- aC. W. SIEGLER, Bangor, Wisconsin. 2t perienced on game rearing and dog training. Married. Apply H.careof THE GAME BREEDER, 150 Nassau CHINESE, RINGNECK AND MONGOLIAN cross, | %t» New York. Cocks $2.00, hens $4.00. Golden and Silver, young cocks $3.00, hens $5.00. Golden, old cocks $4.00, hens $6.00. GAMEKEEPER DESIRES SITUATION, THOR- Wild geese and ducks. CLASSIC LAKE WILD FOWL oughly understands all duties, etc. Best references FARM, Manzanita, Oregon, 3t from Europe and this country. M. J. F., care of The Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York City. 4t THE BLACK SIBERIAN HARE IS OF &NORMOUS size. It grows faster, matures and breeds earlier than WANTED SITUATION—A GAMEKEEPER FAMIL- any other rabbit, but best of all is its delicious meat and iar with pheasant and poultry rearing, I have also had beautiful fur. Write for information and prices. experience in general farming and can plan the planting SIBERIAN FUR FARM, Hamilton, Canada. 6t | for game. BRUCE LANE, care of Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York, 6t GLENWOOD PHEASANTRIES, HADLYME, CONN. 7 a Sa Ringneck phaesant eggs for sale, Price $25.00 per 100. | GAMEKEEPER.— SITUATION WANTED.—I can R. K. McPHAIL. 4t furnish good English and American references. Thoroughly understand all the duties of a Game- keeper; can rear thousands) of birds, and train FOODS dogs, &c. I understand trapping and the control of vermin, and wish to get a place now so I can = prepare it for breeding on alarge scale next spring. WILD DUCK FOODS Address J. H., care of The Game Breeder, 150 Wild duck food plants, and seed. Wild Celery,.Sago Nassau Street, New York. Pond Weed, Widgeon grass, Red head grass, Chara and other kinds. There are hundreds of thousands of acres of water marshes where these, the best of duck foods, will grow MISCELLANEOUS and hold the game. Write and learn how to do it, WHITE'S GAME PRESERVE, Waterlily, N. C. Currituck Sound. 200 PHEASANTS WANTED-WILL TAKE EQUAL number of cocks and hens. Send pricesand age of birds. R.A. MAXWELL, care of The Game Breeder, 150 Nassau Street, New York. ACORNS An excellent food for deer, pheasants and wild ducks. , P RINGNECK PHEASANTS, $5.00 A PAIR. GOLDENS, ween er eS eras aneie een dareer lots: $10.00 a pair. Guaranteed strong and in the pink of con- McLEAN, R.F.D.. Ea ie S ae BE NSETIE Gata i dition for Spring breeding. Ordernow as I havea limited eee ee RES 2 supply of birds. LILLIAN E. GALLUP, 2209 Ogden, SSS | O.alhasyNebraska’, 1t BOOKS REGISTERED AND PEDIGREED BLACK FOXES RUGGED PUPS BORN IN NATURAL CONDITIONS BOOKS —2ox, Hunters. Trappers, Fur Traders, | ON, MOUNTAIN RANCH. GUARANTEED (TO Taxidermists, Fishermen, Sportsmen, BREED. EVERY ONE OF OUR EIGHT FEMALES Campers, Prospectors, Fur Farmers, Ginseng and Golden | WHELPED THIS SPRING. WRITE FOR RECORDS. Seal Growers, etc. By A. R. Harding. Price 60 cents | BOARSTONE MOUNTAIN FOX RANCH, ONAWA, each. THE GAME BREEDER, 150 Nassau St., N. Y. | MAINE. “THE RANCH BRED aie THE BEST BOOK GAMEK RS published on Fox farming. ells all about this wonderful EREEEE industry. Price 25c, postpaid. THE BLACK FOX ‘MAGAZINE, 15 Whitehall St., New York. WISH CHANGE OF POSITION AS POULTRY man or gamekeeper by married man. No children, Life experience, four years at present position, excellent ’, é : ’ ALL GAME BREEDERS SHOULD REMEMBER references. L. W. WERTHEIM, Hillsboro, N.C. it that Meal Worms are just as choice a food for the old birds as for the young; of course, as a rule, they are not GAMEKEEPER — POSITION WANTED. SKILLED fed to the old because they will live without them, except gamekeeper with good references desires position, | Occasionally by a man of means, who does not believe in WM. STRANG, 2147 Blackrock Ave., Unionport, N. Y depriving his birds of an occasional luxury. However, ail i breeders should keep on hand a pan or two of meal worms, to feed to their old birds when a little out of sorts, at WANTED — POSITION AS MANAGER ON GAME | moulting time or when being dosed with drugs. Meal farm or shooting preserve. Long experience raising worms are an excellent tonic, because a natural insect food. game birds. Understand Taising and training shooting 500 at $1.00, 1,000 at $1.50, 5,000 at $5.00. All express pre- dogs, and trapping vermin. A. S. B., care of Game paid. C. B. KERN, 10 East Main Street, Mount Joy, Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York, N. Y. Pennsylvania, it In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: “Yours for More Game.” ; HIGH GUN IDEAL PREMIER TARGET Remn & ton ARROW NITRO CLUB SELBY LOADS CHALLENGE GRADE SUPERIOR GRADE @;: BLACK SHELLS AJAX CLIMAX Neon FIELD RECORD WINCHESTER REPEATER LEADER Both Ends Are Business Ends Look at doth ends of the shells you buy. It is not only important that you get your favorite shell, but also that it is loaded with your favorite pow- der. It is not enough to look at the base—look at the wad end too, to be sure that your shells are loaded with one of the HERCULES Smokeless Shotgun POWDERS .. INFALLIBLE Many experienced sportsmen use Hercules Smokeless Shotgun Powders exclusively. Use them yourself and you will benefit by their uniform quality. They are as depend- able as old friends. They always give high velocity with light recoil, always burn clean and give even patterns. Don’t take chances with a powder that may vary in quality. Shoot the powders that you know are dependable. The 14 standard shells listed at the left may be bought loaded with a Hercules Powder. Select your favorite, but be sure to look on the box for the name Infallible or SACI ges HERCULES POWDER, co. hee i Pre 77 W. 11th Street Ee pf Delaware When a Covey Flushes with a Whir-r-r at Your Feet= or the trap boy rings in an unexpected angle on you—it s a moment to make a man glad of the “Speed Shells” in his gun— Remington UMC steel lined smokeless shells. Sportsmen every where are noting the consistently satisfactory shooting results achieved every day with “Arrow and “Nitro Club” shells at traps and afield. There are thousands of good old guns and new that mean much more to their owners since the change from ordinary shells to Remington UMC. The steel lining makes the main difference. It grips the powder and keeps all the drive of the explo- sion right behind the charge—the fastest shot shells in the world. You'll find the Remington UMC “Arrow” and “Nitro Club” smokeless shells and the “New Club” black powder shells at Sportsmen s Headquarters in every town—the dealer who displays the Red Bai] Mark of Remington UMC. THE REMINGTON ARMS UNION METALLIC CARTRIDGE COMPANY Largest Manufacturers of Firearms and Ammunition in the World Woolworth Building, New York jy lise Der Year ie ee AGP NOVEMBER, 1918 THE OBJECT OF THIS MAGAZINE IS TO MAKE NORTH AMERICA THE BIGGEST GAME PRODUCING COUNTRY IN THE WORLD ANOTHER PROCLAMATION BY THE PRESIDENT. NOT “OTHERWISE THAN BY SHOOTING” Our objection to the regulation providing that birds produced must be taken ‘otherwise than by shooting” has brought results. We were told by the Survey that it had the right to make regulations. But the answer that the regulations must be reasonable; that they must not interfere with our readers and that they must not be in violation of Sec. 12 of the law left no ground for the regulation and it has departed. Sec. 2 of Regulation 8 as Proclaimed by the President now reads as follows : “Migratory water fowl, except the birds taken under paragraph 1 of this regulation (birds taken for breeding stock), MAY BE KILLED BY SHOOTING only during the open season for waterfowl.” We take great pleasure in praising the Survey for its prompt action. We always like to see governmental matters as well as others speeded up. We always find more pleasure in praising the right than in denouncing the wrong, and in the ‘future we suggest that when the Survey proposes to take any action relating to Game Breeders that. it consult headquarters first—150 Nassau St., N. Y., will reach us. We do not approve of U. S. criminal laws being made overnight in a back room in the Woolworth Building, N. Y., especially when by one fell swoop they destroy all the customers of the game farmers. We shall be glad to look over any proposed criminal laws before they are made and in this way we may save some time for the President, who will not be called on to Proclaim so often. Published Monthly, Entered as second-class matter, July 9, rors, at the Post Office, New York City, New York, under the Act of March 3, 1879. TT mesa S| | THE GAME CONSERVATION SOCIETY, Inc. ‘T/ : NEW YORK CITY U.S.A AS CTT cc The Feeding ae Sporting Dogs Every Gamekeeper khows' | and appreciated the diffi- culty of bringing the dogs up to ‘top notch” in the matter of health, especial- ly as the sporting season hoves in sight. Sporting dogs have to undertake difficult and exacting work necessitating a great expenditure of strength and vitality. Hence their feeding demands experience, judgment and consideration in selecting the best foods to sustain them and the exclusive use of those foods only. Sporting Dogs can be made capable of long- sustained effort by liberally feeding them with Spratt?s Dog Cakes which are now recognized in all sporting circles as the Food par excel- lence for keeping dogs up to standard fitness. Dogs fed on Spratt’s Biscuits work better, behave better, live longer and are more reliable then those trained on any other foods. SPRATT’S DOG CAKES prevent dogs suffering from overstrain by providing A RESERVE STOCK OF VITALITY —just what so many dogs lack at the time when they need it most. Are you Feeding your Dogs on Spratt’s? If you are not, and wish to prove their value in a practical way, we will send you samples free. “DOG CULTURE” mailed on receipt of 2 cent stamp. “ PHEASANT CULTURE,” price 25 cents. “POULTRY CULTURE” 10 cents. Spratt’s Patent, Ltd. Newark, N. J. Sdn Francisco. St. Louis. Cleveland. Montreal. Factory also in London, England. wea, xD THE GAME BREEDER 33 Y SW Wo? SSS I CCMA PA a RSS Xgaas SS SS SS N CHALLENGE 7 NOOR Ta CLEANABLE COLLARS Mark X before subject that interests you and Mail This Coupon to E. 1. DUPONT DE NEMOURS & CO. Advertising Division Wilmington G. B. Delaware Challenge Collars Py-ra-lin Toilet Goods Novelty Sheeting Transparent Sheeting __Py-ra-lin Specialties Auto Enamel Rayntite Top Material Motor Fabrikoid Craftsman Fabrikoid Industrial Dynamites Trapshooting: Commercial Acids Bronze Powder labor and starch. On pleasure bent or om business, immacu- late neckwear is a big asset. Soiled Challenge Cleanable Collars are made immaculate in- stantly. Dirt, perspiration or weather have no terrors for them—off or on, jiffy cleanable. Every Challenge collar made with a stitch edge, dull domestic linen finish. 18 styles. No-wilt. Flexible. Peaks and button holes stoutly reinforced. Ever-white. “Linen” collars, with their constant Tendering: ¢ cost about 515.00.—Challenge Cleanable Collars less than $2.00 yearly. Think it over. Check the coupon. Send 35c. each for samples of several styles. State (half) size. Write today. The Arlington Works Owned and Operated by Reduce high cost of living—save | INam eGicmiaiciieinelsieicle seine sisie sie cena E. I. DU PONT DE NEMOURS & CO. Nd dresswaccricitetliate ctitere Noles fetsteheis i ore 725 Broadway New York, N. Y. dE yaaa aan teres trast aie se < Canadian Office and Factory: Toronto, Ont. State -.0. eee Visit the Du Pont Products Store, 1105 Boardwalk, Atlantic City, N. J.% le ! ETT TAN Rae RRB BRT manny A A oe Tac =u tl NN MM MAM 2 2 uy Pun HAAR AAA AA Wal ICICI uf So eran eer Ee pat 84 THE GAME BREEDER Now is the Time. Now is the time to send advertise- ments of deer, game birds and eggs to The Game Breeder. People have learned to place their orders early and we are so busy and so short of help that we have little time or ability to solicit adver- tising. Practically all we have comes without solicitation. ee ee All owners of game ranches and shoots should remember that they should buy only from those who advertise in The Game Breeder. STATEMENT OF THE OWNERSHIP, MAN- AGEMENT, CIRCULATION, ETC., REQUIRED BY THE ACT OF CONGRESS OF AUGUST 24, 1912, of THE GAME BREEDER, published monthly at New York, N. Y.,. for October 1, 1918. State of New York, County of New York, ss.: Before me, a notary public in and for the State and county aforesaid, personally appeared D. W. Hunting- ton, who, having been duly sworn according to law, deposes and says that he is the editor of the Game Breeder and that the following is, to the best of his knowledge and belief, a true statement of the owner- ship, management, etc., of the aforesaid publication for the date shown in the above caption, required by the Act of August 24, 1912, embodied in section 443, Postal Laws and Regulations, printed on the reverse of this form, to wit: 1. That the names and addresses of the publisher, editor, managing -ditor, and busi- ness managers are: Publisher, The wame Conserva- tion Society, Inc., 150 Nassau St., New York, N. Y.; Editor, D. W. Huntington, 150 Nassau St., New York, N. Y.; Managing Editor, none; Business Managers, The Game Conservation Society, Inc., 150 Nassau St., New York, N. Y.. 2. That the owners are: The Game Conservation Society, Inc., 150 Nassau St., New York, N. Y.; Stockholders: C. B. Davis, Grantwood, N. J., A. A. Hill (Deceased), F. R. Peix- otto, 55 John St., New York, N. Y.; John C. Hunting- ton, 150 Nassau St., New York, N. Y. (at present U. S. Ship Anniston, in service); D. W. Huntington, 150 Nassau St., New York, N. Y.; Dwight W. Hunt- ington, 2nd (at present U. S. A., France); H. H. Shannon, Great Neck Station, New York. 3. That the known bondholders, mortgagees, and other security holders owning or holding 1 per cent or more of total amount of bonds, mortgages, or other securities are: None. 4. That the two paragraphs next above, giving the names of the owners, stockholders, and security holders, if any, contain not only the list of stock- holders and security holders as they appear upon the books of the company but also, in cases where the stockholder or security holder appears upon the books of the company as trustee or in any other fiduciary relation, the name of the person or corporation for whom such trustee is acting, is given; also that the said two paragraphs contain statements embracing afhant’s full knowledge and belief as to the circum- stances and conditions under which stockholders and security holders who do not appear upon the books of the company as trustees, hold stock and _ securi- ties in a capacity other than that of a bona fide owner; and this affant has no reason to believe that any other person, association, or corporation has any interest direct or indirect in the said.stock, bonds, or other securities than as so stated. by him. D. W. Huntington, Editor. Sworn to and subscribed before me this 15th day of October, 1918. George F. Bentley, Notary Public (102) New York County. (My commission expires March 30th, 1920.) (SEAL.) The Hawk is Fastest Flier and Crow the Slowest. By the STATISTICIAN. While there is considerable variation in the speed of flight of game birds, the table below may be taken as the most accurate approximation of the compara- tive speed at which the better known wild birds fly. The crow may be taken as an example of the slower flying bird, with a rate of 35 to 45 feet a second, and with an aver- age speed of 45 miles an hour, while many species of hawks attain the re- markably fast speed of 200 feet a second. Here is the table showing the average speed in flight : Feet per Aver- Bird Seconds = age: (Oyoic it IRaR es eae) Sala aie Oo 8 7 Inyonniere! (GxrOWISS 2550608 60 to 90 75 Sniper eee as DOW 70. 6S WME) oo a th 6 sa o@e 5 Sato SO. 7/5 Wood IDWCR sas esse000 70to 90 80 Peal ee Ae oc emnaaee tu 120to 140 130 Canvashbackea. eee 130 to 160 145 Canada (Geese a5. 100 to 120 110 Intel Jeleail Ee shacgoe so 110 to 130 120 It may be said that if ducks are scared they can reach maximum speed at will, and this sprinting flight is usually what the gunner has to make allowance for. On the other hand, many wildfowl are jumped and killed while hovering over decoys and moving slowly, and birds like snipe and quail are often killed before they have attained full speed. Upland birds are not often shot while passing the gun at right angles, but going straight away, quartering or twisting — National Sports Syndicate. Good Advice. The fact that an advertiser is tem- porarily oversold should not induce him to abandon his advertising or give up his customers. The ad should be left stand- ing and the advertisers should offer to procure the stock needed. It pays to keep in touch and it also pays to help The Game Breeder. Two excellent keepers write that they are much pleased with the situations they have just obtained through adver- tisements in The Game Breeder. THE GAME BREEDER 35 Hollow Point .22’s— Best For Exterminating Vermin Gees The value of the hollow point cartridge to the game breeder lies ac Sraeneaies in its great shocking power. Small REMINGTON animals of high vitality such as YUN om gophers, rats, weasels and ground Me ee squirrels cannot escape to die, wounded, in holes or cover when squarely hit with hollow point bullets. A hit means a kill in almost every case. Remington UMC metallic ammunition has a world-wide reputation for accuracy and dependability. From the large caliber cartridges down to the .22’s, supetior workmanship and materials and rigorous tests have built up this reputation, based upon continual use by hundreds of thousands of sportsmen. Excellence in Remington UMC ammunition is the result or over fifty years of experience in manufacture. HOLLOW EGS Om poINT .22 Short, .22 Long and .22 Long Rifle are made in Lesmok, Smoke- less and Blaee Powders. .22 Remington Special and .22 Winchester are made in Lesmok and Smokeless Powders. .22 Remington Autoload- ing and .22 Winchester Automatic are made in Smokeless Powder only. .25 Stevens Short and .25 Stevens are made in Black Powder only. Ask Any Remington UMC Dealer In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: “Yours for More Game.” 36 THE GAME BREEDER Let your trap gun purchase be 2 PARKER. Be one of the thousands of satisfied PARKER Gun users. Af LEA BRELLLLE ELLA LELLEL PARKER Guns are made by gun experts. The purchaser of a PARKER Gun receives in good sub- : —_ stantial gun value, the benefits of experience in gun ——— manufacturing of over 50 years. Once you have used the PARKER, you will never S== be satisfied with anything but the BEST. Eventually you will shoot the PARKER. Why not PARKER BROS. now? Master Gun Makers MERIDEN, CONN., U.S.A Send for catalogue and free booklet about 20 bore guns. New York Salesrooms, 25 Murray Street CONTENTS Survey of the Field Hon. J. Quincy Ward Importations of Bobwhite Quail - = A New Food Industy - - - = = The Independent Advertise Now to Ease Period of Reconstruction - - Geo. Frank Lord Breeding The Wild Turkey - - - - Gilbert J. Johnson Notes from the Game Farms and Preserves - - By Our Readers Editorials—The Breakfast Hyphen—Importation of Mexican Quail—Game Breeding A Good Use for War Profit. THREE THOUSAND Chinese-Mongolian Ringneck Pheasants FALL DELIVERY Full Wing, Healthy, Hardy Birds Reeves, Lady Amherst, Golden, Silver, Pure Mongolian Japanese Silkies, Buff Cochin Bantams New Zealand Red Rabbits, Breeding Stock $3.50 Each, Young $2 We are Breeders Exclusively, and nothing leaves our farm that is not right in every particular. MARMOT PHEASANTRY Member of The Game Guild MARMOT, OREGON fn writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: ‘‘Yours for More Game.” “The Game Breeder NOVEMBER, 1918 NUMBER 2 Co) VOLUME XIV SURVEY OF Wanted Prairie Chickens and Ruffed Grouse. A number of readers of The Game Breeder wish to procure prairie grouse, sharp-tailed grouse and ruffed grouse. Any reader who can furnish these birds or their eggs or can tell us where to procure them is requested to write to The Game Breeder. A Correction. At the meeting of the State game off- cers Mr. Burnham stated that The Game Breeder in quoting the statement that “we don’t want any preserves or the sale of game which goes with them’’ misrep- resented him. He said this statement was only made at a hearing before the District of Columbia committee. We promised to print anything he had to say on the first page of The Game Breeder. If this does not fully cover the subject we will give prominence to a letter fur- ther explaining just what he does want. What the people want is expressed forcibly in section 12 of the Migratory Bird ‘Law which distinctly says there shall be no further interference with the game breeding industry. Our read- ers will remember our letter addressed to all of the Congressmen when we were asked to write to our Congressmen fa- voring the enactment of the Migratory Bill. We published this letter calling for the amendment and we have reason to believe that many of our readers took the trouble to write to their Congress- men. At all events section 12 suits them and us. More Game and Fewer Game Laws. In a bulletin issued by the U. S. De- partment of Agriculture we are told that THE FIELD. “Fewer game laws were enacted in 1918 than in any year since 1900—about 50 laws having been passed. States on the honor roll are Kentucky, Georgia and Mississippi. No game laws were enacted in these States. Think of it, worthy readers, only 50 new game laws in a year! Is not this a triumph for your cause. Sixty or ninety to a State at one time was fash- ionable. As the laws decrease in num- ber the game has increased rapidly. Far more quail were produced on the Long Island Game Breeders Association ground than the entire number of new game laws for the whole country, and the place is only a few months old! We have no hesitation in saying that over fifty tons of game have been produced by readers of The Game Breeder during the time when the 50 new laws were se- cured. Since we once helped to produce over three tons on one place in a season the estimate of 50 tons for the country undoubtedly is small. Let us all make a drive and see that hundreds of tons of game be produced next year. Before long game will be considered as a food by the Agriculture Department at Wash- ington which shows signs of waking up; the States which produce the most game will be listed just as the States which produced the most game laws have been listed by the Agriculture Department in the past. Wrong End First. One of our Boston readers wrote that those interested in procuring game laws always went at the subject wrong end first. There should, of course, be no charge for a license to breed game or any other food on a farm. There is, however, a 38 THE GAME BREEDER good reason why the game dealers in the cities and towns should’be licensed and regulated by the State game departments. Game reared on ranches, game farms and preserves is easily stolen when it is produced in large numbers wild in pro- tected fields, which is the best and most profitable way to breed many species of game. The wild game on public lands and waters, which is protected in Amer- ica by laws prohibiting its sale, in the absence of regulations might easily be sent to the dealers in competition with the game owned and marketed by breed- ers. In the older countries any one who shoots a game bird owns it after he has shot it and can sell it as a matter of course. But there are laws in America which have been upheld by the courts which provide that game taken legally on public lands and waters does not be- long to the one taking it but remains the property of the State to the extent that the State can say what disposition can be made of it. The. decision of the United States Supreme Court upholding laws prohibiting the sale of game legally taken was rendered by a majority of the judges, not all being present, and some able dissenting opinions were rendered. But so long as the decision (in Geer vs. Connecticut) remains unreversed it would seem to be more important that the dealers be licensed and regulated in America than it is in other countries where the wild fowlers sell their game just as our fishermen sell their fish. The Form of the License. Since the State game officers resolved at their recent meeting that all of the States which had not done so should enact laws permitting game farmers to sell their food it would be advisable to consider the licensing of the dealers so that the abundant food supply can be marketed from game ranches, farms and preserves without danger of game stolen from the farms or from the pub- lic lands and waters being sold, so long at least as it is deemed inadvisable to prohibit the sale of public game. We can see that it may be advisable to prohibit the sale of public game as food until such time as the game farms and pre- serves supply the markets so abundantly that the sale of public game safely can be permitted. The pawnbrokers and junk dealers are licensed and regulated because this is necessary to prevent the sale of stolen goods. Cigarmakers and dealers and the manufacturers of fire-water and beer and the retailers of these beverages have been licensed and regulated in or- der to see that the revenues are paid and that “moonshine” be excluded from the markets. Straight goods and moon- shine are said to be much alike. Often we have pointed out that if the pawnbrokers and junk dealers who han- dle legal jewels and junk, which look exactly like stolen goods, can be regu- lated and permitted to handle the legit- imate, it must be true that those who deal in game can be regulated and permitted to sell the food from the farms and pre- serves. Should a little illegal food be sold this only would result in the people who are said to own the game getting a taste of their property which they can not get in some States today. The form of the license can be made very simple; the charge for the license might well be made larger for city deal- ers who will handle large amounts than for small dealers in the villages who will handle smaller amounts. The State game departments should have the right to cancel licenses upon the conviction of a dealer for illegal selling and if it be distinctly understood that violations of the laws are to result in the termination of the business of the law-breaker it is evident that there will be few violations ; and by eliminating those who do not obey the laws the business soon can be regulated as easily as other industries which require licenses are. Most business men are honest, espe- cially when it pays to be honest, and the fear that some may violate a law should not, of course, prevent a food industry. Comparatively little of the land now posted against sport can be made to fill the markets to overflowing with game and, as often we have pointed out, sport THE GAME BREEDER 39 has nothing to fear from an abundance of game on the farms which may be used to produce game instead of as har- bors for birds which are classed as song birds. The State game departments will be far more creditably employed when they enforce regulations protecting the sales ‘of food than they have been in States where it was fashionable to raid food producers because they had birds or eggs for breeding purposes and in States where the departments put in their time protecting the game song birds against all sportsmen. A Memorandum. The U.S. Biological Survey has issued the following memorandum relating to permits authorizing traffic in migratory waterfowl and their eggs for propagat- ing purposes. The Migratory Bird Treaty Act of July 3, 1918, provides that: “Tt shall be unlawful to hunt, take, capture or kill, attempt to take, capture or kill, possess, offer for sale, sell, offer to pur- chase, purchase, deliver for shipment, ship, cause to be shipped, deliver for transporta- tion, transport, cause to be transported, carry or cause to be carried by any means what- ever, receive for shipment, transportation or Carriage, or export, at any time or in any manner, any migratory bird, included in the terms of the convention between the United States and Great Britain for the protection of migratory birds concluded August sixteenth, nineteen hundred and sixteen, or any part, nest or egg of any such bird.” No migratory waterfowl or their eggs can be taken, possessed, sold, purchased, shipped or transported for propagating purposes except as specifically permitted by regulation 8 of the Migratory Bird Treaty Act Regulations. Two forms of permits are provided. A permit issued pursuant to paragraph 1 of regulation 8 will authorize a person to take a limited number of wild migra- tory waterfowl and their eggs solely for propagating purposes in order to form the nucleus of a breeding stock or to strengthen the strain of the birds he may ‘now have on hand. The wild birds so taken cannot be killed, nor can they be sold or transported except for propagat- ing purposes and then only to a person holding a federal permit. A permit issued pursuant to paragraph 2 of regulation 8 will not authorize the taking of wild migratory waterfowl for any purpose but will authorize the per- mittee to possess, purchase, sell and transport for propagating purposes wild waterfowl, their increase and eggs, law- fully taken and possessed, to possess, purchase, sell, and transport for propa- gating purposes migratory waterfowl lawfully possessed on July 3, 1918, and their increase and eggs; to kill birds raised in domestication and to sell and transport their carcasses for food pur- poses as provided in said regulation 8. Migratory waterfowl lawfully taken and possessed under these permits may be used and transported for ornamen- tal, exhibition, and decoy purposes. Forms 279 and 281 furnished by the Bureau should be used in applying for permits under paragraphs 1 and 2, re- spectively. Federal permits do not authorize mi- gratory birds to be taken, possessed, or trafficked in contrary to State laws, and all persons are cautioned to comply with the provisions of State laws before operating under federal permits. For further information in regard to federal game laws apply to Biological Survey, U. S. Department of Agricul- ture, Washington, D. C. Shooting on Farms and Preserves. The Biological Survey writes to our readers who ask permits as follows: The sample letter was addressed to Mr. R. E. Bullock, Scarboro Beach Game Farm, Scarboro, Maine. Washington, D. C., Oct. 1, 1918. Mr. R. E. Bullock, Scarboro, Maine. Dear Sir—We have your letter of September 24 asking to be advised in regard to shooting on game farms and preserves. For your information we take pleasure in sending you herewith copy of the 40 THE GAME BREEDER Migratory Bird Treaty, Act, and Regu- lations. We also inclose copy of a cir- cular explaining in detail the provisions of regulation 8 of the Migratory Bird Treaty Act Regulations governing the possession and trafhe in migratory waterfowl for propagating and commer- cial purposes, etc. In this connection we may add that we have recommended an amendment of the regulations which, if adopted, will permit migratory waterfowl raised in domestication to be killed by shooting during the respective open seasons for hunting migratory waterfowl but it will be sometime before final action has been taken on this recommendation. The present regulations, of course, will re- main in full force and) effect “until amended. Very truly yours, W. C. HENDERSON, Acting Chief of Bureau. Inclosure 8406. An Illegal Regulation. Since the regulation prohibiting the shooting of game by game preservers is in violation of section 12 of the Migra- tory Bird Law it cannot be executed and was void the moment it was made. There is the best legal authority for this statement and we are glad to learn that the Survey “has recommended an amendment of the regulations which, if adopted, will permit migratory water- fowl raised in domestication to be killed by shooting during the respective open seasons for hunting migratory water- fowl.” It is amusing to read: “But it will be sometime before final action has been taken on this recommendation.” The concluding sentence in the letter that “the present regulations, of course, will remain in full force and effect until amended,” is not important since a reg- ulation in violation of law.is void as we have observed and cannot remain in full force on that account. We should think the Survey would speed up the repeal if it takes any interest in food production. We are a little curious to know to whom the amendment was “recom- mended.”’ As we understand the matter the regulation under discussion was made in an office in the Woolworth Building in New York, a very small co- terie of criminal lawmakers being pres- ent), (three) to) besexact) eat mamyanone should be arrested for shooting his ducks possibly the court may inquire how reg- ulations in violation of law are made. Our committee for the defense of food producers always is mobilized. A Suggestion. We would respectfully suggest that any reputable game breeder should be permitted to shoot and sell, if he wishes to sell, the number of birds reared on his ranch. Most breeders are reputable and are willing to shoot and sell only the number of birds produced. It should not be difficult to regulate any breeder sus- pected of exceeding the bag limit sug- gested, and if necessary to put him out of business. It is a poor plan to prohibit the innocent food producer for fear that a guilty man may escape. Because some chickens are stolen we do not prohibit the poultry industry. SS ae Mr. Pratt is fortunate in having an able fish culturist, Mr. Jno. W. Titcomb, who at one time was employed by the U. S. Bureau of Fisheries, and who later was the Game and Fish Commissioner of Vermont. The U. S. Bureau of Fish- eries believes in and encourages the pro- duction of fish for food and for sport in private waters and gives fish as well as advice to those who wish to produce the desirable foods. It is only recently that the New York laws have been amended so as to permit the sale of trout by the producers. No good reason can be assigned why any one who produces any kind of fish for food should not sell them in the markets. For a long time even the excellent trout was kept out of the markets and all inducements to pro- duce trout were strangled by fish laws quite similar to those which have nearly resulted in the extermination of our quail, grouse, wood duck, woodcock and some other species which should be abundant and cheap foods during long open seasons. THE GAME BREEDER 41 IMPORTATIONS OF BOBWHITE QUAIL. By dow, Ji Quincy WarD, Executive Agent of the Kentucky Game and Fish Commission. To the lovers of birds from the es- thetic point of view, and especially the sportsmen, the casual mention of bob- white arouses sweet memories that bless and burn. As a hunter, fisherman and trapper in boyhood, I had occasion to learn some- thing of the remnants of wild life that once abounded in the locality where 1 was born and reared, a county of the far-famed “Blue Grass” section of Ken- tucky. It was there that the riotous reproduction of the alluvial soil nour- ished and caressed the summer’s son, and showers filtering through the foliage of magnificent hardwood, checked by win- ter, created a rendezvous par excellence for game and birds of all kinds. Here they abounded in such quantities and qualities that the Indians made annual pilgrimages to supply their winter’s lar- der. The Indians’ abbreviated description of this fertile land, the hunter’s paradise filtered to the population of the east, stimulating men like Boone and Crock- ett, Lewis and Clark, to dedicate their lives to the winning of the west. It was in this locality that the tide of civiliza- tion trending ever westward broke through the then seeming impregnable barrier of the Appalachian Mountains, eddied and left in its wake the seed de- posit of men endowed with every at- tribute necessary to win the land for civilization. The history created by their efforts left to posterity a record of which Kentuckians are justly proud as rich with deeds of courage and daring, sen- timent and romance as the soil that sus- tained and nourished them. It was to this land that came in my childhood, a beloved uncle to visit again the country of his youth, to mingle with loved ones and spend a few days of well earned vacation hunting bobwhite quail, which was then almost virgin cover for this splendid game bird. I remember with pleasure the vividness, the joy given me when viewing the trim and business- like lines of his muzzle loading fowling piece, and could I wield the brush of an Osthaus I am sure I could reproduce upon canvas even to the minutest detail his magnificent lemon-and-white pointer dog, his clean, bony head, rich brown eyes and rippling muscles working in perfect accord beneath his silken coat caused us to know intuitively that he was the possessor of that indescribable something, known as class, which would on the morrow lead his followers un- erringly to that hidden brown bevy that when flushed would go hurtling through the frosty air seeking to escape the leaden hail to gain their well known co- verts of safety. It was in this same territory years afterwards at twilight that I heard the call once heard by the sportsmen never forgotten (here call) the assembly call of bobwhite. I wish that every hunter when he hears this call would recognize it at twilight as the “Marsellaise’’ and at dawn the “Star Spangled Banner” the call of the wild, the brave and the free, for then hunters worthy of the title “sportsmen” would consider it taps to his day’s hunt and he would not take advantage of this call to increase his bag. Possibly the memory of this call, min- gled with the memory of. the swish of the wild fowls’ wings at eventide was an inspiration to those great public- spirited statesmen, that caused them to write on the Federal statutes the edict, “That before sunrise and after sunset, Thou shalt not kill,’ and going further guaranteed to the migratory birds that after they had run the gauntlet of the hunters on their trip to the Southland, that they might in peace and safety re- turn through the unchartered sea of air to the lands which have not yet suffered of civilization, there in peace to repro- duce their kind for the benefit of men. 42 THE GAME BREEDER The bobwhite, however, is not to a noticeable degree endowed with migra- tory habits, and is therefore dependent upon civilization for his sustenance and upon man for his protection. The press- ing ‘hand of husbandry has destroyed the coverts that gave them shelter when pursued, and at the same time has ex- posed his home to the rigors of winter, he is therefore, the prey of his natural enemies, combined with the elements until the places that knew him shall know him no more forever, unless the same hand that destroyed reproduces the birds and the conditions which he de- mands. As no State within our borders per- mits exportation even for propagation purposes, it is necessary to look to for- eign lands for breeding stock. Northern Mexico has a sufficient supply of bob- white quail to meet the demands of the present if the importations are success- fully handled. As business men and sportsmen you ask first, “How will it be managed,” second, “What is the cost,” third, “Will it pay?’ The Federal Government does not permit the entry of injurious, dis- eased birds or animals, and it is neces- sary to secure from the Federal authori- ties permits for the entry of quail. From 1916 to April, 1918, the Government is- sued permits for the importation of 66,462 quail from Mexico, of which 46,019 were released from quarantine and shipped by importers to purchasers throughout the United States, and to give an idea as to the demand, I am ad- vised by the importers that they do not fill half of their orders. The shipments were made from California to Pennsyl- vania, from Wisconsin to Florida. The average cost was $18 per dozen he ALS) Cala B35 O), 18, Owe Oe Gary, which means an expenditure for the three seasons for birds, not including cost of transportation, feed, etc., of $69,028.50. The importers have given me their sin- cere and hearty co-operation, and upon request furnished me a list giving the name of the purchasers, post office ad- dress, number of birds sold, date of shipment, which list enabled me to com- municate directly with the purchasers and to learn from them direct result of their efforts. I am pleased to publicly commend the importers and to express my gratefulness for their assistance and courtesy, as I know well that it is their desire, purpose and effort to conduct their business at a financial sacrifice to make the importations successful. While this information was requested with the understanding that it would be treated as confidential, [ am pleased to report that it was given without restriction. The date is intact and if needed can be fur- nished to the proper authorities, knowing that it would be used for the greatest good to the greatest numbers. The questionnaires were responded to by 35 purchasers, and covered 16,170 birds. A careful checking shows less than .018 per cent of the birds died in transit, and the average journey therefor was four days; however, where birds were held in captivity for spring liberation the loss was much greater. In some in- stances the entire shipment was lost— on the other hand, birds that were lib- erated as soon, or shortly after receipt, are reported to have survived, mated and reproduced to the satisfaction of the purchaser. While many of the birds that died were examined by Federal and State authorities, and while evidence of quail disease was found in some cases, and bird pox in many, the result of the diag- nosis is not sufficiently enlightening to be of benefit. The germ that causes the quail disease has never been isolated or the disease reproduced by inoculating other birds. Bird pox is possibly caused by injuries incident to capture and con- finement. The consensus of opinion of men whose veracity, knowledge and experi- ence cannot be questioned, is that where bobwhite quail are held in captivity un- der sanitary conditions that death is due to a change of diet, that is from a diet composed of green food and insect life to dry grain; if it is not the direct cause of death it is sufficient cause for many THE GAME BREEDER 43 complications. This change is possibly the cause of the death of Mexican quail, for due to temperate climate their diet necessarily is composed of green food and insect life in abundance. I am satis- fied that this is the principal cause of death, for I have held bobwhite quail taken in December and January after green food and insect life had disap- peared when their crops showed that they were fed on grain and weed seeds and held them to April with a loss of less than two per cent. I have also found by experience that bobwhite quail when confined in large open pens are easily alarmed and flush quickly, even where cropped they kill themselves when in panic, and those un- injured are so badly scared that they do not feed properly for several days. It therefore seems best to recommend that the birds be held in small crates in which they are to be shipped, as under such conditions their coops can be kept in a sanitary condition, the food can be reg- ulated to the proper amount, sick, dead and injured birds can be removed with- out alarming many, and they would not have to be rehandled immediately before shipping. When captured or transferred to hold crates, males should be confined in one crate or compartment and females in an- other, and especially should this arrange- ment be followed where shipments are to consist of four dozen, and as most parties ordering birds desire them equally divided as to sex, the compart- ments could be kept to the standard number, thereby eliminating mistakes, excitement of birds, and the keeping of records. First, I would suggest and recommend that the Federal Government secure, pos- sibly with the co-operation of State Com- missions, the services of the ablest pathologists, sending them to the locali- ties from which the birds are to be trapped, and by careful examination to determine if disease exists in their nat- ural habitat, and if so to prohibit their importation until they can be found in a healthy condition. These representatives of the Government should be given au- thority as to the manner in which and the length of time the birds should be held in quarantine at the point of entry. The Government officials should look after the birds, or at least some of them after they reach their destination and provide that every purchaser of the birds should before liberation band them or mark them with some distinguishing mark in order that they might be cap- tured or killed under orders and exam- ined by Government officials, as by such procedure the health and general con- dition of the specimens could be deter- mined. There are Government and State reservations upon which the birds could be liberated, protected and the re- sults of their planting quickly deter- mined. Second, I would recommend that no immature birds be entered at any: time, but the regulations should be amended to permit the entry of birds from No- vember 15 to April 15. Should such regulations be adopted, no birds should be sent north of the Mason and Dixon line before March 1. Such regulations would permit Southern purchasers to purchase and liberate their birds in the early fall. The Northern purchasers could receive their birds after March 1, when the possibilities for saving them would be very great. It is possible that where disease is prevalent, by properly conducted re- search, to isolate the germ and find the remedy therefor. I wish to call your attention to the fact that the importers and exporters of live stock from Mexico and Southern Texas to the United States and from the United States, in the beginning experi- enced the same difficulties and a worse loss than did the importers of quail, but after experiments the Government ex- perts solved .the problems and the im- portations and exportations are today as successfully made as are the move- ments from one township to another in the same locality. The Government should determine and announce at the earliest possible date of importations, conditions giving the im- porters and purchasers time to arrange 44 their plans as business men. Unless some of these recommendations are fol- lowed and an earnest, sincere and intel- THE GAME BREEDER ligent effort be made to remedy the con- ditions, importations should be prohib- . ited. A NEW FOOD INDUSTRY. (We wonder if our readers can guess who wrote this article for the Independent.) The United States Congress has just enacted a law which promises to be of great economic importance to all of the people. I believe, if this law can be properly executed, every one soon can obtain all the wild ducks he can possibly eat at prices surprisingly small. The law referred to is known as the Migratory Bird Law. This gives the Secretary of Agriculture the power to make regulations governing the taking of wild ducks, geese, woodcock, snipe and the other edible migrants. Section 12 of the new law is important, since it provides that nothing in the law shall be construed to prevent the breeding of game on game farms and preserves and the sale of the game so bred for the purpose of increasing the food supply. In this section a rapidly growing food producing industry is recognized and protected by the Congress. It cannot be denied that in America a prejudice has existed against the sale of game. This prejudice was due in a measure to the opinion of people inter- ested in birds that the sale of game was a great inducement to the killing of game. The opinion seemed to be well founded. A big mistake, however, was made in legislating upon this subject when the fact was overlooked that the stopping of the sale of the food must necessarily put an end to the produc- tion of the food. The wrongs and hard- ships created by laws regulating sport were discussed for the first time in an article in The Independent. which was followed, at the request of the editor, by a series of articles elaborating the subject. Two of the articles were de- voted to the subject of popular preju- dice which, here as elsewhere, seems to be wrong. After the appearance of these articles. many States soon enacted laws permit- ting and regulating the production of wild ducks and certain other species of © game and the markets undoubtedly — would be full of wild ducks and some ~ other game birds today provided the same encouragement could have been | given to game breeding by State and national officers which has been given to | the producers of other new foods. One big difficulty which remained was that the law permitting game breeding did not permit the taking of wild birds for breeding stock and eggs to be used for — propagation on the game farms and pre- serves. The laws in many States, absurd as it | may seem, only permitted the breeding | for profit of one or two species of ducks and the imported pheasants, which least need the breeders’ attention because they are in no danger of extinction. Hundreds of thousands of pheasants and mallards are now produced an- nually and the numbers are increasing rapidly since people are beginning to learn that it is more profitable to have birds whose eggs sell for $25 per hun- dred in large lots than it is to have birds whose eggs sell for from $3 to $5 per hundred. The wild ducks and _ the pheasants when sold alive bring better prices than poultry and the birds can | be reared by those who know how, in an inexpensive manner. In safe fields and marshes, for example, they can be reared in a semi-wild state and will pro- | cure much of their food from the land and water, one meal a day being amply sufficient to hold them until the harvest — A few laws hu- | morously require the game to be killed — Darwin | time or shooting time. “otherwise than by shooting.” THE GAME BREEDER ar 45 pointed out long ago that shooting was a factor in inducing production. The Secretary of ‘Agriculture now has full power to permit the trapping of all species of wild fowl for breeding pur- poses and the taking of eggs for propa- gation. Already he has made a most liberal regulation providing for simple permits to take any number of eggs or birds and permitting their sale for prop- agation purposes. The regulations fur- ther provide that those who obtain breed- ing stock and eggs may sell the birds they produce in the markets as food. _ Every one knows that the prices of game are high and the result of high prices usually results in a liberal and often in an overproduction. The mak- ing of game contraband in the markets was a poor way to cause an abundance. The liberal policy of permitting every one to obtain breeding stocks and eggs which has been adopted by the Secre- tary of Agriculture should result in a’ great stimulus to the game breeding in- dustry, which has made an excellent start notwithstanding the many legal obstacles which were created in the ef- fort to preserve and protect the wild game which is said to belong to the State because it has no other owner. Dr. C. Hart Merriam, who was the distinguished head of the United States Bureau of Biological Survey for many years, in a letter to the writer said there were large areas in the United States suitable for game breeding and strongly endorsed the idea that the production of game should be encouraged and not prevented by laws. It is largely due to The Independent that a great legal re- form has been accomplished and that the production of valuable foods has been permitted by the States and now is to be encouraged in a large way by the National Government. The game farms in the older coun- tries keep the shooting clubs and syndi- cates and the owners of country places well supplied with live game when any shortage occurs or when it is desired to increase the supply. So much game is produced on the country estates and on the farms big and small that often the markets are overstocked, and always the prices are surprisingly small. The reason is that sport pays a part of the cost of production. Game always is so plentiful that wildfowlers, or market gunners as we Say, are permitted to shoot and sell all the wild fowl they can from public waters and saltings. The game has vanished rapidly from agricultural regions because it does not. pay to have it on the farms. In every country excepting America it is a farm asset. It seems almost amusing to think that sport has claimed to own the game- on the farms which it does not own, and the reason for the disaster to wild crea- tures where no one looks after them properly is evident. The game has been actually exterminated on the vast areas in the agricultural regions. The owners of farms have drained the wet places putting an end to the ducks, and by the close tillage of fields and the pasturing of cattle, the lands have been made un- safe and uninhabitable for upland game. In some States the few remaining quail have been classed as song birds and they are protected by law for terms of years or forever. The important matter from an economic point of view is that in countries where the game laws are founded on scientific principles, good! business sense and a due regard for the natural laws governing the increase and decrease of species, the game becomes quickly a great food supply for all of the people who are said to own it. Instead of the shooting being only for the rich, as those say who wish to excite preju- dice, it is well known that the market gunners can shoot, trap and sell game with as much freedom as our fishermen catch and sell fish. The market gunners and poorer classes of sportsmen who wish to sell game, the owners of country places, the farmers big and small all contribute, each from his proper place, to send the food to the markets where the poor as well as the rich can procure it very cheaply. A glance at the map of any State indi- cates that there are numerous places, suitable for the breeding of wild fowl and other game, many of which are not 46 suitable for agriculture. Many small ponds and marshy tracts where no wild ducks breed today can be utilized for wild duck breeding and made to yield abundantly when the fowl are made and kept plentiful on such areas either for profit or for sport, as easily they can be. Many of the birds will go out and visit the larger lakes and ponds in the State and the bays and streams which are open to the public, and the shooting for all hands will be much improved. Those who by their industry will produce wild fowl or other game on places where it no longer occurs will perform a great public service and there is abundant evi- dence that the tendency of our legislation is in the direction of encouraging food production. The Agricultural Department in addi- tion to its regulations permitting the taking of birds and eggs for propagation should issue bulletins on the methods of game breeding in order that the farmers and sportsmen may know how to keep THE GAME BREEDER the wild food birds profitably plentiful. The regulations as written have the ef- fect of criminal laws and one of them which provides that the birds must be taken ‘“‘otherwise than by shooting” should, of course, be repealed, as it no doubt will be since the shooting is an inducement ‘to production. Country places, shooting clubs and syndicates are the best customers of the game farmers who produce birds and eggs for profit. The regulation appears to be inharmont- ous with the statute which says in effect — that nothing in it shall be construed to prevent the shooting of game on the country places which abroad are called preserves and in some of our Western States now are called game ranches. At a recent convention of the State Game Officers of the United States and Canada held in New York, a resolution was adopted, unanimously, providing that all States which had not done so should amend their laws so as to make game farming a legal industry. ADVERTISE NOW TO EASE PERIOD OF RECONSTRUCTION. The Best Use of War Profits. By GEorGE FRANK Lorp, Director of Advertising, du Pont American Industries, Wilmington, Del. We advertisers deal in long futures. We are the prophets of those futures. Ours is the duty; ours is the oppor- tunity to buy now that confidence of the world’s peoples in the future of this country under peace conditions in order that the curtain shall not rise on anarchy and unreasoning panic, but on calm con- fidence that the world’s leaders are pre- pared and have been prepared to meet the problems that will appear on the world’s stage at the dawn of peace. The setting of that stage will be a world smeared and scarred with the ‘scourge of war. The bright light of the new day, will only serve to show in all ugliness the torn soil, shattered homes and buildings and bared bones of the millions that have found the final peace. Who shall lift the minds of that sad- dened multitude from the Slough of De-— spond to the heights where strife and separation and sorrow may be forgotten and productive constructive peace of mind attained? Who but we advertisers that have the skill and means to talk to all the world and whose own constructive interests are identical with these humanitarian neces- sities ? Today the business of America is al- most completely on a war basis. The people of America are warriors on the THE GAME BREEDER 47 line or behind the line. In a day—a day soon to come—all this must be changed. Five million soldiers and sailors will be freed from action. At least twenty million men and women war workers will be no longer needed for war work. Billions in capital, in plants, in equip- ment, will be suddenly available for peace use. Can the conversion of this capi- tal, these facilities, these millions of peo- ple be made in a day on plans hastily formed ? It seems a waste of effort to give the obvious answer. For more than a year this swift moving America has been struggling to get onto a war basis and is just attaining it. RECONSTRUCTION MUST NECESSARILY COME GRADUALLY. The task of getting back onto a peace basis is even greater, because of the enormous expansion that has taken place in capital investment, war plants, war organizations, and production of mate- rials, and the general upsetting of social and living conditions. Every war plant, swelled to many times its former peace-time capacity means either great potential competition or prospective disastrous decay. In view of the world’s pressing needs for reconstruction and restoration, it would be almost criminal to permit these great facilities to pass away in rust and rot. They must and shall be employed for the good of the world, and it is the plain duty and responsibility of their owners to provide now for such peace employment. What America needs now is not an attitude of doubt and hesitation on the part of her commercial leaders. She needs the employment of millions of sur- plus capital in the present building of post-war work. Yes !— work — not merely business. In America alone twenty-five million people—fully half of our adult effec- tives—will want work, and must have work to earn sustenance. How can any business succeed or even exist until that fundamental de- mand has been met? It is not a ques- tion of profit or dividends, but a larger one of protection of property. There is no such word as law in the vocabulary of a starving man. It being admitted that the long future of America after the war is bound to be good, it is obyious that all this coun- try needs to do is to make provision for perhaps six months of world readjust- ment. That six months is the critical period in which American business must be artificially stimulated. PLAN NOW FOR INCREASED SALES. Immediately the war has_ stopped, everyone should buy all the practical commodities he can use, in order to cre- ate in this country a temporary market large enough to absorb our immensely increased production, and keep every factory filled with workers. This is, of course, nothing more nor less than in- flation of domestic commerce. It may be likened to the production of artificial respiration in a drowned man. As soon as he gets to breathing prop- erly he no longer needs the stimulation, provided he has plenty of reserve vitality and there is plenty of @ir. I admit this argument is indefensible under normal conditions, but believe -it entirely so under post-war conditions when we are soon to be faced with the colossal problem of production of all necessities and utilities for the greater part of the world. We must then be in position to utilize to the maximum our industrial facilities, our new merchant marine, our war-born efficiency, and most important of all, a contented, united army of workers— laborers, mechanics, artisans, clerks and executives—an army every member of which has learned through this war the duty and necessity of mutual trust and interdependence. Just how can advertisers render the great service here outlined? I suggest immediate action along the following lines: 1. Let each employing concern, espe- cially those directly or indirectly engaged in war work (and which is not?), make a careful study of its business to deter- mine what proportion of its war-time organization it can employ under nor- 48 THE GAME BREEDER mal peace conditions. It will be learned that the greater the war activity of the concern, the smaller that proportion will be. 2. Next determine what larger pro- portion could be employed if new lines of manufacture are undertaken and sales stimulated by the expenditure, if neces- sary, of all the war profits of the con- cern, in operating development, sales promotion, and advertising stimulation. 3. Lay out a program of manufac- ture, promotion and advertising consist- ent with these determinations, and put it under way as far as continued war activity permits. Since operating development is inter- nal and private, and sales promotion. cannot proceed far in advance of ability to deliver the goods, advertising is the only part of the program that can be started as soon as the plan is perfected. This advertising must necessarily be of an institutional character, because in- creased sales are practically impossible now. It should frankly tell the public that the concern wants to make known its future sale intentions so as to find after the war maximum employment for its people, plants and capital. It should urge everyone who has put off buying many necessary or desirable commodities until after the war to investigate now and be ready as soon as possible after the war to buy these commodities, so that everybody may be employed at good wages after the war, and our war-time industry and efficiency maintained intact for our great peace-time task and oppor- tunity. Such advertising, well handled, is bound to inspire confidence on the part of war workers as to peace-time employ- ment at wages consistent with a continu- ing high cost of living. It will inspire confidence on the part of timid capital that may fear a peace panic, just as it incorrectly feared a war panic in the first year of the war and another when America entered the war. We advertisers can render their fear groundless by building a bridge of con- fidence and trade stimulation to carry America through the first six months of readjustment. Commercial inflation and commercial depression are both artificial conditions that may be controlled. The interest of America and of the whole world de- mands maximum possible commercial activity and accumulation of commodi- ties during the readjustment period. It is to our interest to make this accumu- lation to meet the deluge of foreign orders. It is our duty to make it that we may meet the rest of the world’s urgent needs for food, clothing and all necessities and utilities with minimum delay. During the period of readjustment there will be unprecedented competition. In every line of common commodities there will be overproduction because of the conversion of war plants into manu- factories of goods for which full capacity for American requirements already exists. This peace-time capacity is,‘ however, on a basis ratable throughout the year, whereas in the period of readjustment the domestic demand will be far greater than the normal supply because of the _deferred business caused by the war. In this era of increased competition in this country and introduction of American commodities abroad, brands and trade-marks will reach their maxi- mum value. As every advertiser knows, it takes a long time and either many sales or much advertising to establish trade-mark supremacy. Those who start now to establish the supremacy of their brands and marks will have easy going when peace breaks. They will leave the tape at the crack of the starter’s pistol while the laggards are starting to train for the race. The advertiser or business man who attempts at this time to determine his policy on the usual year by year basis is bound to lose. America has been enriched by the war. We own our country and have mortgages on much of the rest of the world. It is unquestionably to our advantage as it is THE GAME BREEDER 49 our duty and responsibility to administer this wealth for the benefit of all the rest of the world. We have in our hands the most potent means to bring about the universal broth- erhood of man and the end of indefensi- ble war by the operation of enlightened self-interest—From Printers’ Ink. BREEDING THE WILD TURKEY. By GiLBert F. JoHNSON. We have had so many inquiries asking for the description, rearing, etc., of the wild turkey, that I will endeavor to de- scribe these birds and our method of rais- ing them as best I can. There appears to be several distinct varieties of wild turkeys, namely: those of Florida, Mexico and eastern North America. They are all somewhat alike, except that the Mexican wild turkey has white tips to the rump and tail coverts while the other varities have chestnut brown. A genuine wild turkey has a small, slender head of a bluish color, with less caruncles. Bodies are long and slen- der. They are always active, alert, shy and graceful. The body color is a deep bronze with a more prominent copper color than the domestic, upper and tail coverts chestnut brown, wing coverts bronze tipped with black. Primaries dark brown and white, white bars being mot- tled with brown on inner web. Second- aries same, only bars narrower and paler brown. A great many people have the impres- sion that the wild turkey cannot be do- mesticated, that they are too wild to be given liberty. It is true that the wild turkey is one of our wildest birds and very hard to bag, but nevertheless they can be domesticated and will become nearly as tame as our domestic turkeys. Our birds are kept in a ten acre in- closure, divided into two pens. During breeding and laying season, in order to find the eggs, piles of brush, boxes and barrels are placed in these pens for the hens to lay in. Eggs are gathered daily and the date and variety is marked on each egg. The turkey hens are given free range with the young after they are about six weeks old. They will always stay close to their home and when fall comes will bring home their young, which will be about as tame as their mother. We pre- fer raising our turkeys in a semi-wild state, by this I mean, letting the turkey hen take care of the young from the time they are hatched to maturity. They al- ways make much larger and _ healthier turkeys, than when fed by hand. Last year we raised some both ways. The domestic that were fed by hand were not ‘near as large as the wild of the same age. The wild turkey seems to stand North Dakota weather well as all our turkeys roost in the open the year round. They have an open shed to go into when it is storming but they will never roost inside. They seem to have some fear and always want to roost where they can see every- thing. The wild turkey is equal to the grouse for countries where the snow is deep as they can live on buds of trees. Also roost in trees out of reach of ground animals. If they are to be raised in a wild state, I would advise sowing a few acres of grain, corn, etc., in open patches or be- tween trees and kept standing so that the turkeys could find the grain when the snow is deep. Also to fence a part of those woods to protect the setting hens and the young ones from ground vermin. Py so doing they would increase rapidly. The young wild seems to stand dampness and cold much better than the domestic turkey. If it is desired to breed the wild tur- key for sport, they would have to be kept 50 THE GAME BREEDER in a very secluded place, far away from people, where the timber is very dense. Otherwise they would soon become tame —too tame for sport. When bred in do- mestication, they soon lose all fear and become as tame and large as the domestic turkey. The wild turkeys do not lay as early as the domestic turkeys. Not until all danger of frost is over. Therefore do not hatch before about the middle of June, when the weather is more settled and warmer. Also insect life is more abun- dant, which is 95 per cent of their food. We have had wild turkeys hatched as late as July 7th, which were given free range with no care from us, that were much larger and healthier than domestic hatched June lst, that were hand fed and kept tame. Give turkeys free range and keep the young as wild as possible until nearly full grown. They will soon become tame when snow covers the ground and you begin to feed them. The tamer a turkey is, the more subject he is to disease. For those who love wild game birds, I especially recommend the wild turkey. They are much easier raised and handled than any other wild game. They are very handsome birds, much more so than the comestic turkey. The wild crossed with the domestic produces the best domestic turkey that. can be had. Greatly improved vitality, plumage and form without being a dis- © advantage in any way; also gives them an astonishing ability to take care of themselves. What greater pleasure than breeding a thoroughly domesticated wild bird? Not tamed through the gradual process of centuries of breeding and handling, but converted from the natural state of the wild game bird of the forest to a tame turkey almost in a year. A great many ask us if they will not fly away. A wild turkey does not care to fly under any condition unless abso- lutely necessary and then only for a short distance. They would much rather run, as they are remarkably swift. It is my firm belief that the only hope of the turkey raising industry depends on raising the pure wild turkey. Are they worthy a trial? NOTES FROM THE GAME FARMS AND PRESERVES. Country Living. Henry Ford, in a newspaper clipping sent to the Game Breeder, is reported to have said: “I have always held the be- lief that too many people live in the cities of these United States and too few in the country.” In an editorial the World, N. Y., says: Henry Ford, who has spent some not un- profitable years answering questions by trying experiments, purposes to ascertain if a cripple soldier returned from France can make a good living, provide for a family and insure a comfortable old age on a small farm. Mr. Ford will provide the farm, with house, barn, stock and tools, and install a soldier on it as a purely business trans- action. The cost of the home will be about $4,500 complete. The handi- capped farmer’s problem will be to make a living and pay for the place, principal and interest. A market for his produce is guaranteed as part of the arrangement. “It is most appropriate that Mr. Ford asks Secretary Lane to select a soldier who would like to try this experiment. “For what Mr. Ford proposes to do in one instance is substantially what the Secretary of the Interior believes the United States itself should do on a gi- gantic scale, inviting returned soldiers to take up land that needs draining, clearing or irrigation and ‘staking’ them until they are fairly started. “Mr. Ford has 4,000 acres on which his experiment can be tried and, if he desires, repeated.” We have suggested that game be made an asset of the farm. We will send The THE GAME BREEDER 51 Game Breeder to tell the soldiers how to breed game. The quail and the prairie grouse, the dove and other game birds are said to be beneficial to agriculture and these and many other game birds should be bred on all farms. Mr. Roualt, the capable State Game Warden for New Mexico, was among the first of the State officers to favor the idea that game ranches should be profit- able in his State and in a paper on “Game Farming” which he wrote and which was read at a recent meeting of the State Game officers he advocated the granting of land for game farms to soldiers at the end of the war. Poison Sumach, Ducks and Quail. One of our Connecticut wild duck breeders writes that he was ill for some weeks with a severe form of “swamp- sumach” poisoning contracted while working in the swamp where he keeps his ducks. “I have so far been fairly successful with the birds. They are all feathered out and in the past few weeks they have been flying at will. They are a nice lot and I am particularly pleased with the ducks obtained from Mr. Du- sette, of Bad Axe. He is a fine fellow and a white man. I have bought both eggs and birds of him and there is no question about the purity of his breed. “T am thankful for the information about quail and grouse. There is in my neighborhood another farm and a much Jarger one than mine. I am trying to get hold of this place, there being two fair sized ponds on it. It would also afford a very good opportunity for breeding quail and grouse, which I should much like to try. “T hope to join the Game Breeders’ Association soon. I shall be very glad to do so.” [We suggest that you write to our adver- tisers promptly about the quail or you may not get any.—Editor. ] Experimental Work. The Game Conservation Society is mak- ing some important experiments in breed- ing quail. Since the Society secured a large excess of cock bob whites an at- tempt will be made to cross the bob whites with the Gambel’s quail and also to see if the last-named quail will act as fuster mothers for young bob whites hatched in captivity. An attempt will be made to introduce the Gambel quail and the scaled quail on Long Island, and it is believed: that if it is possible to introduce and establish these western birds in the eastern states the society can accomplish this work, since it will be done with good numbers of birds. The liberation of a few birds in a strange place where vermin is not con- trolled is not a fair test but the libera- tion of many birds in protected fields should prove if these western quail can be made to thrive and multiply in the eastern states. Wild turkeys will be hatched in cap- tivity and liberated. The hybrid, mal- lard-dusky duck has been introduced by the transfer of one-day-old birds from Massachusetts and eggs of the hybrid will be hatched on the preserve of the Long Island Game Breeders Association and their speed over the guns will be given a fair test next October. Prairie grouse will be hatched from eggs and an attempt will be made to establish these birds in several places where they long have been extinct. These experiments will be made in the west. These and other interesting experi- ments made by using the fund usually expended on the annual game dinner will be reported in The Game Breeder from time to time. If we can make the prairie grouse as plentiful as pheasants are and can get some stock birds into the hands of sporting clubs and commercial breed- ers soon they will become plentiful in many places. We have had some diff- culty in getting birds and eggs for this experiment but when we set out to do anything we usually do it sooner or later. The Game Market. Pheasants are selling at $5.50 to $6.00 per pair, and it seems likely the prices will advance rapidly. since some of the big “shoots” are buying birds for the fall 52 THE GAME BREEDER to supplement their hand-rearing opera- tions, and many breeders have taken our advice and are buying their breeding stock for next spring before the prices go up, as they surely will. The demand for wild ducks is not so strong yet as it will be later. Ducks are big eaters and many of the “‘shoots” and some breeders are willing to wait and take a chance of paying a much better price than the ducks sell for, $2.50 and $3.00 per pair. Use of Incubators in England. G. Tosette, of Swaffham Prior, Cam- bridge, England, says: “‘I only have par- tridges hatched from eggs found in nests cut out by the mowing machine, or other- wise disturbed. These eggs are put un- der ordinary hens, and when chipped all but five or six are taken away from under the hen and put in the incubator. When hatched and dry they are returned to the hen. This is done to prevent the hen from stamping on the chicks and killing several, which might happen when she has a large number to hatch. Col. A. Trotter, Charterhall, Berwick- shire, says: “Eggs are put into the incu- bator or under bantams when the bird deserts while setting; these eggs, when hatched, are taken from the incubator or bantam and added to other broods which are known to be hatching off. “The following is one of many ex- amples: A bird setting on her nest was found dead and cold near the nest; she should have hatched off the following day. The eggs were put into the incu- bator ; seventeen came out and were put down with a brood that hatched off the same day. No partridges are hand- reared.” Hon. G. Legge Patshull, Staffordshire, says: “I certainly believe in finding all nests possible, especially in a fox country. They should be visited frequently until the bird has been sitting for eight or ten days, after which they should be seen every day. Then, if the bird has been put off through any cause, the eggs often can be saved before they get cold. They are then added to nests of birds which have been setting for same length of time, or, failing them, put in the incu- bator, and, when hatched, taken out and put to an old bird with young of the same age. This latter course was successfully adopted with three or four nests this year.” G. W. Taylor, Esq., Pickenham, Nor- folk, says: “The incubator always is useful, ‘but use it sparingly, and always remember in rearing partridges that, given a decent season, you never will bring up as many chicks as the wild bird will herself.” C. Cockburn, Esq., Weeting Hall, Nor- folk, says: “I always pick up a few par- tridge eggs from ruined nests and put them in an incubator; if they are not sat on, I always put them in other nests if possible. Mr. Ross, headkeeper, The Hoo, Hert- fordshire, says: “All eggs in dangerous places are lifted, and incubated to chip- ping point, when they are changed again with the sham or clear eggs which were given to the partridge.” Good Shooting. Although a late start was made it is certain that the members of the Long Island Game Breeders’ Association will have some quail and pheasant shooting. We hope some sportsmen from game prohibition States may have a chance to visit the new shoot and that they will return home convinced that it is not a difficult or an expensive matter to have good shooting during a long open season. All that is needed is a game breeders’ law and a little activity in the way of game production. Sportsmen Favor Game Breeding. Hundreds of sportsmen now tell us they favor the breeding of game and the sale of some of it when it is necessary to help pay the cost of production. We shall publish some of the letters. Mr. Albert Stoll,. Jr., editor of the Michigan Sportsman, an attractive maga- zine, in a letter to The Game Breeder, says: “We most assuredly do favor the sell- ing of game under proper regulations in the case mentioned. There is no ques- tion but that it is better to produce and THE GAME BREEDER 53 propagate our wild life even if the rev- enue to do so must come from the sale of a part of the animals.” Quail Breeding. We had hoped to publish in this issue some account of our quail breeding ex- periments, giving plans and specifications which worked out very well. We learned many things in a few days at the farm which will interest our readers. The young quail evidently are fond of at least two kinds of green weed seeds, and it - seems likely that such green food and insects may be all that they need when reared in pens with low wires over which the young can fly to protected gardens. A little Spratt’s food and chick food keeps them at home. We wish to get some particulars accurately from the game keeper before we write the report of the experiment and we wish to have a few drawings made of the pens and coops. Next year we shall issue cards to those who wish to do so to visit the place during the breeding season and see how the work is carried on. We hope also to be able to issue cards to some who will like to join us in the harvesting which will be done exclusively by shoot- ing. No salt on the tails goes with us and no hatchets ever will be applied to the necks of our quail. Many new places will be started as the result of our experi- ments, no doubt. This means the sale of more guns and dogs in the States where the quail are not song-birds. QUESTIONS. [Many questions are asked by readers of The Game Breeder every month. We have an- swered some of these in the mail and others have been answered in the magazine. Those asking about the game laws usually are re- ferred to the state departments. Those asking where they can procure game are referred always to our advertisers who can furnish the best which can be had for money. There are many questions about game handling, feed- ing and rearing and some inquiries come about foreign game and the possibility of introduc- ing it. As we have said, we can answer many of the quetsions and we know where to get information on any subject since all the game keepers in America and all of the game farmers and breeders are members of the Society and read the magazine. We believe the questions asked will interest our readers and we hope many will continue to ask questions and tell us what they wish to know.—Editor.] Editor Game Breeder: Has the wild pigeon which is aboun- dant in England ever been imported and introudced in America? Would it do well on American game farms and pre- serves? On10 READER. The last part of your question is diff- cult. Birds from one country often for some reason do not: do well in another. See answer to the bob-white question. We do not know if the English wood- pigeon ever has been liberated in Amer- ica. If any of our readers know any- thing about this we shall be glad to hear from them. We suggested trying this bird to Mr. Napier of the New Jersey Game Commission one day when we were at the State Game Farm at Forked River. The head-keeper, Mr. Dunn, said he could see no reason why the birds could not be established in America and we be- lieve Mr. Napier decided to give them a trial. Probably the war interfered with this. The birds are a nuisance in some places in England and we have no doubt in normal times they can be obtained cheaply. We shall urge the Long Island Game Breeders’ Association to give them a trial when the birds can be obtained and we hope in the meantime any of our readers who know anything about this subject will write to us. Bobwhites. Could the quail be made abundant on a game farm in north central Wisconsin and would they be profitable? Have these birds ever been exported and intro- duced in foreign countries? Wisconsin. Re IN, S, We believe the quail is on the song bird list in your State but a law soon will be enacted making it possible to breed quail for sport and for profit. Write to your State game officer and urge him to see that the quail is included when a new game farming law is enacted. We can see no reason why the birds should not do well on a farm in your region, pro- vided grain be cultivated. Climate is the worst difficulty, but where quail are prop- erly looked after they will stand severe 54 THE GAME BREEDER winters. Some birds in exposed situa- tions can be trapped and brought in for the winter. H. J. Montanus, of the Middle Island Club, wrote a short note for the Game Breeder, telling how they brought their quail through a severe winter by using a snow plow and finding many covies on the line plowed. Mr. Baldwin, of the Montana Game Commission, wrote an article about how the bobwhite had been introduced and made abundant in his State. We can send you this article if you would like to have it. If the quail thrive in Mon- tana they should do so in your State. Quail have been introduced in England but we believe they did not do well there. A Parson and a Wood-pigeon. Owen Jones says: “I know a parson who is very keen on shooting wood- pigeons. He is fond of telling how one day he was out after pigeons in a thick fog, and a pigeon actually settled on his clerical hat, when he had stopped to light his pipe. There is a credible wit- ness of this part of the story; but it is said that his reverence was so surprised that he put his pipe in his pocket alight, thinking it was an olive branch.” A Hawk and a Club Warden. Mr. jones’ story of the parson reminds me of one told by a club warden at the Ottawa Club in the Sandusky (Ohio) marshes. He said he was seated one day watching the ducks when a big hawk lit on his head, giving him quite a thump. He thought a companion had approached from behind and struck him on the head in order to surprise him. Turning to remonstrate, the hawk took wing and he shot it. Free Chicken Irresistible. August Silz, chairman of the poultry divi- sion of the Liberty Loan Committee, is giving a chicken luncheon to every person who sub- scribes for a bond at his travelling army kitchen. The kitchen, with Mr. Silz’s French chef in charge (Mr. Silz himself came from France long before he discovered and popularized the guinea hen as a game bird), left his place of business at 416 West .Fourteenth street yesterday and rolled its appetizing way down town. Before it stopped for the day it had tickled the palates and touched the pocket- books of many hungry patriots in West Wash- ington Market (the live poultry centre), Washington Market and Wall Street. All that was necessary to get a good feed of stewed chicken (the recipe is Mr. Silz’s French chef’s secret), bread and butter and coffee was to dig up for at least one bond for Uncle Sam. In Washington Market alone $36,000 was subscribed. The quota for Mr. Silz’s division for the fourth loan is $500,000. Its quota for the third loan was $225,000, but through Mr. Silz’s efforts $400,000 was subscribed. We wonder how many bonds Quail on Toast would have sold. The man who popularized the guinea hen may remem- ber that protectionists thought seriously . of putting the hen on the song bird list. We hope and believe that soon the bond wagon can serve quail on toast. We can supply some of the birds before long. It is a safe bet that quail on toast is coming back. OUTINGS AND INNINGS. Hopelessly Under Suspicion. “Tl had terrible luck in that poker game,’ exclaimed Piute Pete. “T understand you won some money.” “What's money when your reputation’s gone? I held four aces three times in half an hour, and there ain’t nobody that kin ever explain nothin’ like that to his feller-citizens in Crimson Gulch.”’— Washington Star. A Friendly Arrangement. “Are you going to make a garden next year?” “No,” replied Mr. Crosslots. “I made a garden this year and my neighbor kept chickens. Next year it’s going to be my turn to have the chickens.”—Washington Star. Left Behind. Preacher (earnestly )—Remember, the millionaire cannot take his money with him. ; Returned Vacationist—No, indeed. He leaves most of it at the railway station when he buys his ticket, these days.— Life. Precocious Kentucky Babies. In addition to wholesale births in Pen- dleton County the babies are now report- ed born with teeth. They seem to forget this is the Hoover age, not the Fletcher. —Cynthiana (Ky.) Democrat. THE GAME BREEDER 55 ‘The Game Breeder PuBLISHED MONTHLY Epivep By DWIGHT W. HUNTINGTON NEW YORK, NOVEMBER, 1918. TERMS: 10 Cents a Copy—$1.00 a year in Advance. Postage free to all subscribers in the United States. To All Foreign Countries and Canada, $1.25. THE GAME CONSERVATION SOCIETY, INC. PUBLISHERS, 150 NASSAU ST., NEW YORK D. W. Huntincton, President, F. R. Perxorto, Treasurer, J. C. Huntineton, Secretary. E. Dayton, Advertising Manager, Telephone, Beekman 3685. THE BREAKFAST HYPHEN The World, discussing the protest of hotelkeepers to the Food Board against classing liver-and-bacon as two separate meat dishes, says: “As well, they would say, separate the pork from the bean, or the cabbage from the corned beef or the buckwheats from the maple syrup. One is the necessary complement of the other. And what nobler tribute could be paid to that excellent dish, whose very existence is now imperilled, than to paraphrase a sentence of Dan- iel Webster? Liver-and-bacon, now and forever, one and inseparable!” Distressing as the calamity undoubt- edly is it does not compare in dreadful- ness with the divorcing of the quail from the toast. The liver and the bacon can survive separately until the end of the war but in some States the quail has gone on the song bird list forever and only the toast survives. Our readers will be glad to learn that we have brought about a restoration of quail on toast locally on considerable areas and that we will serve two kinds of quail on toast to some of our friends next month when we take them out to lunch. One taste will be sufficient we are sure to make them all quail pro- ducers. IMPORTATION OF MEXICAN QUAIL. The recommendation of the Hon. J. Quincy Ward, of Kentucky, that quail importations should be permitted from November 15 to April 15 is highly proper. We do not agree, however, to the idea that “no birds should be sent north of the Mason and Dixon line before March 1.” We have purchased many quail from Mexico and elsewhere in the fall and we have carried them through the winter without loss. We know that birds which have been held in any new locality for a long period will settle down and nest earlier than birds which are delivered at or near the nesting period. We regard March 1 as entirely too late for the quail breeders of Long Island, N. Y., and other northern places to begin receiving their stock. We had many late eggs this season of both Gambel’s and Bobwhites because we were late in getting started and we had some losses of young birds because they were hatched so late that they encountered cold and wet weather when quite small. Our losses were sur- prisingly small considering the cold, but we know full well the losses would have been fewer in number and the birds would have been far easier to rear had they been turned into the gardens pre- pared for them in the early summer. We prefer to shoot in October, when the weather is fine and it is a pleasure to be out of doors, but late quail are not big enough to shoot in October. All quail breeders know that it is an easy matter to carry quail through the winter in con- finement. . We have had, repeatedly, no losses due to the winter handling of quail in numerous places north of the line referred to. Upon one occasion we wintered a good lot of quail on the brick pavement of a narrow back yard in a large city without the loss of a single bird. The birds were so strong in the spring that they all flew over a high wall and settled in a neighboring yard where there was more sunlight. Those who prefer to purchase stock in the fall should have the right to do so. Any loss due to climate will fall on the purchaser, and we have no hesitation in advising purchasers that there will be 56 THE GAME BREEDER no appreciable losses if they purchase in the fall. We give this advice without hesitation since it is founded on experi- ence gained in several localities and cov- ering a long period of years. There should be no unreasonable restraints -upon food producers. WHY SEND MONEY ABROAD? Mr. Ward is very nearly right in his statement that quail can not be exported from any State for breeding purposes. We have procured birds from only a very few places and in small numbers where permits have been issued to take birds for scientific purposes. It is necessary to send large sums of money abroad to purchase small birds when much better birds easily could be produced on the American farms. This is one of many legal absurdities which intelligent game officers should and can bring to an end. Why say to a gunner, “You may de- stroy ten or twenty-five birds in a day” when it is well known that shooting in places such as Mr. Ward describes must result in extermination, and deny to quail breeders the right to obtain birds and eggs for breeding purposes from the farmers who do not permit shooting? Kentucky easily can be made a big quail producing State. A few good commer- cial quail ranches properly conducted easily can be made.to produce far more quail than are imported annually from Mexico. We know a farmer, not so very far away, who has experimented with quail and has produced good numbers at small expense. When he found he could not ship his birds he turned them over to the hawks, cats and other vermin and re- cently he reported that over two-thirds of them already had been destroyed. He says he knows quite a few farmers who do not approve of what he describes as “rotten politics.” We would hardly care to stand for re- election to the Assembly in his neighbor- hood. It does not seem to intelligent sportsmen to be good business to insist that the quail must become a song bird and the farmers will need very little help from sportsmen when they decide that it shall no longer be criminal to produce any kind of plants or animals on the farms. We would strongly advise Mr. Ward to encourage the creation of a number of quail ranches in Kentucky and to keep the money which now is sent to Mexico at home. As a matter of fact we can send more money to Kentucky than now is sent to Mexico, provided Kentucky will permit the production of the quail. Kentucky birds are far better than Mexican birds and will bring better prices. Plans and specifications for quail ranches can be procured from The Game Breeder on request. We shall soon pub- lish these with diagrams showing cheaply constructed appliances. Can anyone imagine that it will be un- popular to produce food at this time? P. S.—Dear Mr. Ward, we hope you will back us up in our campaign to re- store quail on toast. Your mention of the pointer dog revives many pleasant memories of big bags of quail made in Ohio before they all became song birds there, and we certainly enjoyed eating the birds and giving them to friends. We are now quail producers and if you come to New York at any time we shall be pleased to have you eat with us two or three species of quail properly served. We extend also an invitation to see quail production as it is carried on by skilled hands. We have plain but good quarters (an old farm house) and we can show you next summer plenty of young quail. It is most interesting to see them flying out of the pens to the gardens and back again to get warm under their mothers in the coops. GAME BREEDING A GOOD USE FOR WAR PROFIT. We invite our readers’, and especially our advertisers’ attention to an excellent article by George Frank Lord, Director of Advertising, du Pont American Indus- tries, Wilmington, Delaware. Much of what he says applies to the new American industry, Game Breeding. Advertisers not only of sporting arms and ammuni-: tion, but also those who have game farms and the many appliances used on game farms, the incubators, traps, wire, coops, nesting boxes, egg turners, etc., and ad- THE GAME BREEDER 57 vertisers who have birds and eggs all surely can increase their output. They should say, as Mr. Lord well says: “We advertisers deal in long futures. Ours is the duty; ours is the opportunity to buy now,” etc. The number of game ranches, game farms and preserves will increase rap- idly now that it is no longer criminal in many States to have game birds and eggs “in possession’ for breeding purposes. There will be a wonderful increase in the demand for birds and eggs and for all the appliances and foods used on game farms and preserves, and the advertisers should get ready to supply this demand and readers who have not been able to get into the war should make early prepa- rations to become customers of the ad- vertisers as many now are doing. When the big war demand for barbed wire ceases, those who advetrise wire should be well known to our readers who already are buying miles of wire. The makers of incubators and other appli- ances will find that it will pay to become acquainted with the Game Breeders who have ascertained that artificial hatching is possible on the game ranch and preserve. The increase in the demand for guns and ammunition will be great as soon as the war ends and the people undertake field sports and game production on a larger scale, as they will. Mr. Lord well says that, “those who start now to establish the supremacy of their brands and marks will have easy going when peace breaks. They will leave the tape at the crack of the starter’s pistol while the laggards are starting to train for the race.” Many men now in the service will be invited to take places in the country and it has been well said that field sports tend to keep people in the country and form a sufficient counterpoise to the pleasures of the town. The Government no doubt will provide lands for many who wish to undertake Game Farming for pleasure and profit, which our advertisers have made possible and popular. The Game Breeder will always be filled with prac- tical articles. Now that the fight for more game and fewer game laws has been won its entire space can be devoted to practical articles on how to do things properly and profitably. America was caught unprepared in so far as game was concerned when the war started and the Game Departments were helpless, being bound by a mass of protective legislation which prevented food production. While game was for sale in the markets of all the belligerents long after the war started at prices much lower than those asked for poultry, America had no game excepting a few hundred thousand pheasants: and ducks and some deer which were produced by our readers and these were practically all needed for breeding purposes on new places. As Mr. Lord has pointed out, large numbers of people will want work and must have work. Many thousands can find work on the farms and where game breeding and sport are undertaken the incentive to remain in the country will be great. Sport, as often we have pointed out, has nothing to fear from a great abundance of game on the places where it is produced. We became con- verted to the Game Breeding idea when we found upon coming to New York we could go out and find better shooting near a preserve than was to be had on our old shooting ground in the West, and this has since been closed to spart by reason of the only game bird remaining being placed on the song bird list. Mr. Lord well says that advertisers should frankly tell the public that the concern wants to make known its future sale inteutions. The trade paper in any field covers the entire field usually and advertisers are well aware that in a new field of industry new customers are created every day and that-it pays to keep appropriate products always before them. We are consulted so often about the starting of new “‘shoots’’ that we have no hesitation in saying there will be thou- sands of good shooting grounds (where game is preserved) where there are hun- dreds today. The country is so big that very little of it will be neded to keep up good shooting for all who wish to have game and to keep the business good for the advertisers who persistently tell our readers what they have to sell. 58 THE GAME BREEDER FENCES FOR GAME PRESERVES et The accompanying photograph shows one of our Non-Climbable RIOT”’ fences, erected by us, with our indestructible steel fence post 8 feet high, surrounding the Yale Bow! Field, New Haven, Conn. This fence held in check 80,000 people who attended the Harvard- Yale Game, November 25th, 1916, and 60,000 people who attended the Princeton-Y ale Game, November 13th, 1915. We have this fence and many other excellent designs. It will be to your advantage to secure our Catalogue, that shows many of the best. erected fences in this country; also tells. about our posts in detail; how to erect a fence; how to paint the fence wire to keep it from rusting. : Become acquainted with our fence building system. It will save you many dollars and a great deal of worry. Fences for every purpose, with either straight or non-climbable post, tennis court back stops, etc., erected by our trained men anywhere. J. H. DOWNS 38 ROOSEVELT AVENUE SuiteA JERSEY CITY, N. J. RIVER LAWN GAME FARM R. H. SIDWAY GRAND ISLAND, ERIE CO., N. Y. Young Pheasants for Fall delivery extra fine, healthy non-related birds. My birds are raised for my own shooting and are very strong on the wing. Member of The Game Guild. Member American Game Breeders Society. Phone, 9286 Farragut FINE FURS FOR SALE, YOUNG BIRDS, THIS YEAR’S HATCH, JOHN MURGATROYD one wing pinioned. Silver, $7.50 per pair; Goldens, $7.50 per pair; Ringnecks, $5 00 per pair; Mongolians, r , $6.50 per pair; Lady Awmhersts, $12.50 per pair; NES, Taxidermist $12.50 per pair; Redhead Ducks, $10.00 per pair; Man- darin Ducks, $12.50 per pair; Wood Ducks, $12.50 per pair; 57 WEST 24th STREET Mexican Tree Ducks, $12.50 per pair. M.R.CHEESMAN, Bet. Broadway and 6th Ave. NEW YORK Marca ye Noe ton 3t Finest Work at Reasonable Prices Call and See for Yourself FREE FOUNDATION STOCK | | Te Breeders ant Fanciers’ News devoted to the breeding and marketing of ducks geese, turkeys (including the wild varieties), rab- furnished to raise Rabbits, Cavies or Pigeons. Send dime for particulars and bits, cavies, pigeons, etc. Organ of the American paper. Buttercup Club, and Waterfowl Club of America. Si 7 C F sea Interesting and instructive articles by able writers. oung’s Tanning Compound, easily applied to any skin, large can $1.00, trial can 50c. Tattoo Ear 50c a Year, 3 Years for $1.00 Marker $1.50. Ear Tags 30c per dozen. Gibson’s Canada 75c a Year, 3 Years $1.75 wonderful Rabbit Book $1.00. Cavy Book 50c. Special Trial Offer in U. S, 8 Months for 25c Squab Culture, a recognized authority on raising : pigeons for profit, $1.00. AD. RATES: 75e an inch, or for 3 months or more at rate of 65c aninch. Classified, 2c a word. NATIONAL FANCIER & BREEDER AREER WERS AND REN CTE RROINETTS 335 South East Avenue, Oak Park, Ill. 1558 Dickson Ave., Scranton, Pa. In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: ‘““Yours for More Game.” THE GAME BREEDER 59 Pheasants, Wild Mallard Ducks & Wild Turkeys FOR SALE Hatched This Year Tamarack Farms, Dousman, Waukesha County, Wis. WILD DUCK FOODS Wild Celery, Sago Pond Weed, Widgeon Grass, Red-Head Grass, Chara and other foods which attract water fowl. We have the best duck foods which will attract and hold the game and which impart the finest flavor to the flesh. We plan and arrange the plantings suitable to all waters. GOOD SHOOTING "DURING THE OPEN SEASON Iam prepared to entertain a number of sportsmen who wish to shoot wild geese, Canvasback and other wild ducks and quail, snipe, etc. Only small parties can be properly looked after. Appoint- ments to try the shooting and learn about the wild duck foods are made by correspondence. J. B. WHITE WATERLILY, CURRITUCK SOUND, NORTH CAROLINA Member of THE GAME GUILD Game Wanted @ We are in the market to buy game birds and deer raised on licensed game preserves. We can use quantities of venison, pheasants and mallard duck raised on licensed game farms and preserves which can be sold in New York State throughout the year but coming from points outside of New York State preserves must also have the New York State License in order to be permitted to ship in this State and be sold here. If you have game to sell, let us hear from you. House of Ae SiIZ 414— 420 West 14th Street -3- NEW YORK CITY Cable Address, SILZ, NEW YORK, Telephone, CHELSEA 4900 In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: “Yours for More Game.” 60 THE GAME BREEDER SWKENENAARUIN Zila, Ni Wild Mallard Ducks and Ringneck Pheasants #2 WRITE FOR PRICES Scarboro Beach Game Farm R. E. BULLOCK, Manager SCARBORO, - MAINE Member of the Game Guild WIZE VAN We Furnish Eggs in Season PROFITS IN FUR FARMING Learn about the wonderful Black Fox Industry which has proven so profitable to breeders. CEN no) EEGs PO MEV abiLSs ON Only Established 1860 Telephone 4569 Spring paper of its kind in the world. FRED SAUTER ae Leading Taxidermist of America Subscription $1.50 per year. 42 Bleecker Street New York City Corner Lafayette Street | Subway Station at the Door THE BLACK FOX MAGAZINE 15 Whitehall Street, New York SAMPLE COPY FREE. Specialist in All Branches of Taxidermy Write for Illustrated Catalogue (Qo In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: “Yours for More Game.” THE GAME BREEDER 61 WE HAVE For Sale Silver, Golden, Ring- neck, Lady Amherst, Formosan, White, Mongolian, Reeves, Swinhoe, Versicolor, Impeyan, Soem- mering, Manchurian Eared, Melano- tus, Black Throat Golden, Linneated and Prince of Wales Pheasants. Wild Turkeys, Japanese Silkies, Longtails, Mallard Ducks, S. C. Buff and Blue Orpingtons and R. I. Reds. Five varieties of Peafowl, Crane, Swan, Fancy Ducks, Doves, Deer, Jack Rabbits. Send $1.00 for new Colortype Catalogue. Where purchase amounts to $10.00, price of catalogue refunded. CHILES & COMPANY MT. STERLING KENTUCKY Member of The Game Guild Member of The American Game Breeders Society THE BEST PART One reader told us the advertisements were the best part of the magazine. We agreed to this and we regard it as com- plimentary to the editors, since it must be good editing to hold a lot of advertis- ing for a comparatively small circle of readers. The reason, of course, is, we attract and hold all the big purchasers whose business is worth while. GOOD ADVICE All game keepers, we know, advise buying from those who advertise in the magazine which made it legal for the places where they are employed to oper- ate. When a number of game keepers were discharged and the preserves were closed on account of the Waldorf-Astoria case we decided it was time to take the part of those who wished to produce food and to give employment to many people in the country. FOR SALE, WELL-BRED SETTERS Dogs Trained for Shooting. Young Dogs Suitable for Training. WRITE FOR PRICES THE RIVER LAWN KENNELS Erie Co., New York Member of The Game Guild Grand Island DOGS HOUNDS—ALL KINDS. BIG 50 PAGE CATALOGUE 10¢. ROOKWOOD KENNELS, Lexington, Kentucky. THE BLUE GRASS FARM KENNELS, of Berry, Ky., offer forsale setters and pointers, fox and cat hounds, wolf and deer hounds. Coon and opossum hounds, var- mint and rabbit hounds, bear and lion hounds, also Aire- dale terriers. All dogs shipped on trial, purchaser to judge the quality, satisfaction guaranteed or money re- funded. Sixty page, highly illustrated, instructive and interesting catalogue for ten cents in stamps or coin, AIREDALE TERRIERS, The genuine one-man dog, Pedigreed, registered pups. Males $25.00. Females, $15.00. Guaranteed Satisfactory, L. E. GALLUP, 2209 Ogden, Omaha, Nebraska, GOOD WORK My little ad sold the two dogs a game keeper writes from Arden. It must be evident that the people who own and shoot thousands of game birds are the ones who will buy dogs. TWO YOUNG LABRADOR RETRIEVERS FOR sale, Dog and Bitch. Apply, THOMAS BRIGGS, Arden, New York. 3t In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: “Yours for More Game.” 62 THE GAME BREEDER Breeders’ Cards WILD TURKEYS DARK MALLARD z Black Duck, Mallard Hybrids Fol (See We) WwreNS These ducks are reared on free range & Eggs in Season especiallyfor shooting and for decoys. They are strong on the wing. Big © MARY WILKIE egg producers under control bee B Dae ineinin Price $3.50 per pair; $1.75 each even Sa ALBERT F. HOLMES Member of the Game Guild 8 Bosworth St., Boston, Mass. : Member of the Game Guild PHEASANTS, PIGEONS AND BREEDER OF FANCY PHEASANTS EGGS. Eggs inseason. Amhersts, Silver, Pheasants, Amherst, Silver, Gold- Golden, Versicolor, Mongolian, en, Reeves, Mongolian, Swinhoe, Reeves, Ringnecks, Manchurian, Versicolor, Ringnecks, Cochin | Elliott, Swinhoe, Impeyan, Mela- Bantams, White King Pigeons. | "°tus, Soemmering. GRAY’S GOLDEN * POULTRY FARM Eggs in Season. BLUE RIBBON POULTRY AND PHEASANT FARM Davenport Neck, Phone 655, New Rochelle, N. Y. Gifford Gray, Orange, New Jersey Member of the Game Guild. Member of the Game REGISTERED BLACK FOXES, DR. FRANK KENT TROUT & HARES. Importer Bob White Quail Rugged pups, bred on highest San Antonio, Texas. ranchin America. 1917 Breeding Book your orders now for early Record. 8litters from 8 females. Seallland! Spring) delivery, Also Mountain Brook Trout. Milch eR ; Goats. Belgium and Flemish Hares. EINES VOUBUOWNGOSc BORESTONE MOUNTAIN Member of the Game Guild. FOX RANCH Onawa - Maine Member of the Game Guild. SEA CLIFF PHEASANT RY We have nearly all.of the rare pheas- anterand Cranes, asc wihnife, Java and ( ; ck shouldere apanese Peafowl. MALLARDS AND BLACK DUCKS. Mandarin ducks. Eggs in Season for | & Guaranteed Pure Bred Wild | sale. Write for prices and particu- |‘. Ducks. Eggsinseason. 15 Mal- lars. “ lard eggs, $4.00, 100 eggs $25. BALDWIN PALMER Bo Eooneate a eggs, $6.00, Villa Serena, Sea Cliff, Long Island, N. Y. Ee B. DUSETTE, Member of the Game Guild. 6t Bad Axe, , Michigan. Order Breeding Stock now to be Grown for next season. ulicre is PHEASANTS a limit on Pure Wild stock. ECKS -P Member of the Game Guild. ENGUISH, RUN eK . Coe S i Do not write for prices or infor- | Pearl White Guineas and White =~ mation. Send check. If birds do not please you Cochin Bantams return them and your money will be returned at once. Baby Pheasants and Eggs in Season THE HIRSCH POULTRY YARDS ae A5th Place, Lyons, Illinois : LIVEEGAME, ELK, DEER, WILD Turkeys, Quail, Pheasants, WILD DUCKS Ducks, and all other game. Eggs The practical rearing of wild ducks is fully described in the illustrated —— = in season. See space advertise- Poo Olin Wildisowlancusder sas ment. written by the Editor of the Game - W. J. MACKENSEN, Yardley, Pa. | Breeder. Price $2.00 post paid. eat Member of the Game Guild. THE GAME CONSERVATION we | : | SOCIETY, Publishers 150 Nassau St., New York (n writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: “Yours for More Game.’ THE GAME BREEDER 63 GAME BIRDS All American game birds are fully described in the illustrated book, “*Our Feathered Game,’’ written by the Editor of the Game Breeder Price $2.00 For sale by THE GAME CONSERVATION SOCIETY 150 Nassau St., New York GOLDEN, SILVER, AMHERST, REEVES and RINGNECK PHEASANTS. All pure bred, strong healthy birds. Must be seen to be appreciated. Prices reasonable. Eggsin season. THOS. F. CHESEBROUGH Northport, Long Island, N. Y. WATER FOWL. | can supply nearly all species of wild water fowl and eggs at attractive prices. Mallards, Pin- tails, Teal, Canvasbacks, Red Heads, Gadwalls, _Widgeons, Spoonbills, Canada Geese, Snow Geese and other wild ducks and Geese: Write, stating what you want. GEORGE J. KLEIN, Naturalist Ellinwood, Kansas PHEASANTS AND PHEASANT EGGS. We have Ringnecks and ten |: ; 4 other species of Pheasants. =*=4)- Eggs in season.. One day by old pheasant chicks 65 p cents each. Flemish Giants »° “— and other rabbits. THE MAPLE GROVE PHEASANTRY AND PET STOCK FARM, 43IldenAve., Pelham Manor, N.Y. Member of the Game Guild. CLASSIFIED ADVERTISEMENTS Announcements inserted under this head ‘in small type for 3 cents per word. If displayed in heavy type, 5 cents per word. No advertisement accepted for less than 30 cents. Postage stamps accepted in payment. THE GAME BREEDER 150 Nassau Street New York City FOR SALE These Pheasants will be in full plumage this fall: 4 pair Silvers, $30.00; 2 extra hens, $10.00. 1 pair Swinhoes, $35.00. 1 pair Mongolian, $7.00; 8 extra cocks, $6.00. 10 Ringneck hens, $30.00; 4 Ringneck cocks, $5.00 38 pair Lady Amhersts, $50.00; 1 extra cock, $1000. 1 pair Gold- ens, $8.00; 38 extra hens, $15.00. 1 pair Reeves, $15.00; 2 extra hens, $20.00. 5 pair Canada geese, 5 years old, $35.00. 6 pair Redheads, $50.00; 1 pair Baldpates, $5.00; 1 pair Pintails, $3.00. 1 pair wood ducks, $12.50; 1 pair Mandarin ducks, $1250. 1 pair Mexican tree ducks, $12.50. M. R. CHEESMAN, Murray, Utah, R F.D. No.3. Box 61. FOR SALE—PET FEMALE COON, GUARANTEED breeder, three years old. Had five last litter. Stamp forreply. BEN BOWMAN, Monroe Ave., Canton, Ohio 1t RABBIT AND HARE SOCIETY OF CANADA. Breeders should write for constitution and by-laws, JOHN E. PEART, Secretary, Hamilton, Ontario, 12t WILL SELL THREE PAIR GOLDEN PHEASANTS, full plumage, $5.00 each bird; four pair Silver Pheasants, $4.00 each; Lady Amhersts; $6 00 each, this year’s hatch. Golden Pheasants this year’s hatch, $4.00 each. Prices un- changeable and for either sex, Noattention given to price inquiries. G, LL. DAVIS, Mt. Sinai, Long Island, N. Y. zt LIVE GAME WILD TURKEYS—For prices see display advertisement in this issue. W. J. MACKENSEN, Yardley, Bucks County, Pa. PHEASANTS FOR SALE—RINGNECKS, SILVER, Goldens, Mongolians, Formosan, Prince of Wales, Lady Ambhersts, Reeves, Swinhoes, Melanotus, Versicolor, Man- churian Eared. ROBINSON BROS., Aldershot, Ontario, Canada. 3t PURE BRED WILD WATERFOWL AT FOLLOW. ing prices: Mallards, $3.75 per pair. Pintails, $3 25 per pair. Green Wing Teal, $5.00 per pair. Blue Wirg Teal, 83 75 per pair. Also redheads, Gadwalls, Widgeons, anvasbacks, Spoonbills, at reasonable prices, for propa- gating and scientific purposes. GEORGE J. KLEIN. Ellinwood, Kansas. FOR SALE—THREE PAIRS OF WOOD DUCKS. GLENN CHAPMAN, 882 Lake Street, Newark, N. J. 3t HOYT’S CALIFORNIA PHEASANTRY, PRICELIST. FRED D. HOYT, Hayward, California. GRAY STAR PHEASANTRY Breeder of all kinds of pheasants. Eggs in season. Pure brand, strong, healthy birds for sale. GIFFORD GRAY, 21 Ward St., Orange, N. J. FOR SALE—Pheasants and eggs. Everything in the pheasant family. Pamphlet with order free. BUCK- WOOD PHEASANTRIES, Dunfield, Warren Co., New Jersey. (1ot) QUAIL, PARTRIDGES, WILD FOWL, DEER AND other animals. See display advertisement in this issue. WM. J. MACKENSEN, Proprietor Pennsylvania Pheas- antry and Game Park. CANADA WILD GEESE AND THEIR GOSLINGS— A limited numper for sale now—the surest way to start breeding this species. We are the oldest and largest breeders of Canadas in this country. Black and White Swans,Wild Ducks, etc., forsale. WHEALTON WATER FOWL FARMS, Chincoteague Island. Va. FOR SALE--PURE BRED RINGNECK PHEAS- ‘ants, one pet black bear, one pair Canadian Wild Geese fine mated old pair Toulouse Geese, also white collie pups Also blue peafowl, JOHN TALBOT, South Bend. Indiana, 1t WANTED—WHITE PEAFOWL, EITHER SEX. Pied Peafow], Soemmerring, Cheer, Hcki and German Peacock Pheasants. Ruffed Grouse, and White Squirrels. Also Swinhoes; state price and number. R.A. CHILES & CO., Mt Sterling. Ky. HAND RAISED MALLARD DUCK AND DRAKES, $1.50 each. JOHN KIERSCHT, Logan, Iowa. 2t Pheasants Wanted WANTED. ELLIOTT, MIKADO, SATYR, TRAGOPAN and Linneated Pheasants. Mature birds only Write A. J. MERLE, Alameda, Cal. ot In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: “Yours for More Game.” 64 THE GAME BREEDER Notice to Purchasers. Purchasers can rely upon advertisers in The Game Breeder. The Game Conservation Society has a committee known as the Game Guild, which investigates complaints promptly and insists upon fair dealing under a penalty of dismissal from membership and the loss of the right to advertise in the magazine. There are very few complaints in a year, for the most part due to shipments of eggs. These have been uniformly adjusted to the satisfaction of the seller and purchaser. Any member making a complaint should state that in placing his order he mentioned the fact that it was due to an advertisement in The Game Breeder. All mem- bers of the Society are urged to buy from those who support the publication by advertising in it. FOR SALE — PURE MONGOLIAN PHEASANTS, , C. W. SIEGLER, Bangor, Wisconsin. at CHINESE, RINGNECK AND MONGOLIAN CROSS, Cocks $2.00, hens $4.00. Golden and Silver, young cocks $3.00, hens $5.00. Golden, old cocks $4.00, hens $6.00. Wild geese and ducks. CLASSIC LAKE WILD FOWL FARM, Manzanita, Oregon, 3t THE BLACK SIBERIAN HARE IS OF ENORMOUS size. It grows faster, matures and breeds earlier than any other rabbit, but best of all is its delicious meat and beautiful fur. Write for information and prices. SIBERIAN FUR FARM, Hamilton, Canada. 6t GLENWOOD PHEASANTRIES, HADLYME, CONN. Ringneck phaesant eggs for sale. Price $25.00 per 100. R. K. McPHAIL, 4t FOODS WILD DUCK FOODS Wild duck food plants, and seed. Wild Celery. Sago Pond Weed, Widgeon grass, Red head grass, Chara and other kinds. There are hundreds of thousands of acres of water marshes where these, the best of duck foods, will grow and hold the game. Write and learn how to do it, WHITE’S GAME PRESERVE, Waterlily, N. C. Currituck Sound, ACORNS An excellent food for deer, pheasants and wild ducks. I can supply acorns by the bushel or in large lots. Write for prices, including shipping charges. W. R. McLEAN, R. F. D., Eagle Springs, North Carolina. BOOKS FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE—“THE HANDY, Volume Encylopaedia Britannica,’ 11th Edition, 29 beautiful volumes, full leather bound. Thin paper edition, stamped in gold. Good as new, most of the volumes have been opened only a few times. Will sell or exchange for pair of Swinhoe or Elliott Pheasants. Address NED PEACOCK, McArthur, Ohio. it WANTED. SITUATION AS GAMEKEEPER. EX- perienced on game rearing and dog training. Married. Apply H. careof THE GAME BREEDER, 150 Nassau St., New York. GAMEKEEPER DESIRES SITUATION, THOR- oughly understands all duties, etc. Best references from Europe and this country. . J. F., care of The Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York City. 4t WANTED SITUATION—A GAMEKEEPER FAMIL- iar with pheasant and poultry rearing. I have also had experience in general farming and can plan the planting for game. BRUCE LANE, care of Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York. : 6t —————————— GAMEKEEPER WANTS A POSITION FOR THE coming season on a game farm, club or estate. English, age 26, single, no draft, experience in rearing all birds of game and poultry, care of dogs and fish, trapping otf vermin, Good references from England and this country. WCERED, BUTLER, Easton Game Farm, Danielson onn, t MISCELLANEOUS EXCELLENT OPPORTUNITY FOR GAMEKEEPER. Wanted, a Gamekeeper skilled in Pheasant breeding to rear large numbers of pheasants ona gameranch, Salary and commission will be paid. For particulars write to GAME FARM, care of Game Breeder. RINGNECK PHEASANTS, $5.00 A PAIR. GOLDENS, $10.00 a pair. Guaranteed strong and in the pink of con- dition for Spring breeding. Order now as I havea limited supply of birds. LILLIAN E. GALLUP, 2209 Ogden, Omaha, Nebraska. it FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE--OFFER EVERY pigeon I have left including one pair Saddle Fans, two pair Runts, one pair Pigmy Pouters, five pair Carneaux, total twenty-two birds; value over sixty dollars, at bar- gain price; or will exchange for young male New- toundland, Great Dane, St. Bernard, or some large breed. Reason for selling am retiring from fancy. ALFRED LEVINE, Attorney, Nashville, Tennessee. GAMEKEEPERS WISH CHANGE OF POSITION AS POULTRY man or gamekeeper by married man, No children, Life experience, four years at present position, excellent references. L. W. WERTHEIM, Hillsboro, N. C. 1t HEAD GAMEKEEPER’S SON SEEKS SITUATION as gamekeeper. 11 years experience and 11 years good references. Understands all duties. Age 25 years. Apply DAVID GORDON, Hadlyme, Conn, ‘ 1t WANTED — POSITION AS MANAGER ON GAME farm or shooting preserve. Long experience raising game birds. Understand raising and training shooting dogs, and trapping vermin, A S. B., care of Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York, N. Y. “THE RANCH BRED FOX,” THE BEST BOOK published on Fox farming. Tells all about this wonderful industry. Price 25c, postpaid. THE BLACK FOX MAGAZINE, 15 Whitehall St., New York. ALL GAME BREEDERS SHOULD REMEMBER that Meal Worms are just as choice a food for the old birds as for the young; ct course, as a rule, they are not fea to the old because they will live without them, except occasionally by a man of means, who does not believe in depriving his birds of an occasional luxury. However, ail breeders should keep on hand a pan or two of meal worms, to feed to their old birds when a little out of sorts, at moulting time or when being dosed with drugs. Meal worms are an excellent tonic, because a natural insect food. 500 at $1.00, 1,000 at $1.50, 5,000 at $5.00. All express pre- paid. C, B. KERN, 10 East Main Street, Mount Joy, Pennsylvania, it In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: ‘“‘Yours for More Game.” Quail, Bobwhites and Other Species NOW IS THE TIME TO BUY QUAIL FROM Mackensen Game Park I carry the largest stock in America of live game birds, ornamental birds and quadrupeds. Also Pheasant Eggs by the 100 & 1000 I am prepared to fill the largest orders for Pheasants and Eggs, and for years I have filled practically all of the large State orders for both Partridges and Pheasants. All Pheasant Eggs Are from My Own Pens Pheasants My Pheasant pens hold thousands of Pheasants and I am prepared to furnish these birds in large numbers to State de- partments, individual breeders and preserves. Wild Duck Mallards Black Duck, Teal, Wood-Duck, Pintails and other species can be supplied in large numbers at at- tractive prices. Also Mandarins and all other water fowl. Now is the Time to peu Wild Turkey Eggs Wild Turkeys I am now the largest breeder and ‘dealer in Wild Turkeys and can supply these birds in good numbers to State Departments and preserve owners. I Rook the largest stock in America of ornamental birds and animals. My ponds now contain nearly 200 bess al Swans of England. I have tine lot of the beautiful pink FLAMINGOES and the very large Europeaa BELICANS Also STORKS, CRANES, PEAFOWL, fancy GEESE and DUCKS. My pheasant pens contain over a thousand Ringneck and fancy PHEASANTS. All stock is kept under practically ‘natural conditions. I have 60 acres of tand entirely devoted to my business. Canalso promptly furnish BUFFALOES, DEER, LLAMAS, RABBITS, etc. Orders booked during summer. I ae for years filled practically all the large State Orders and have better facilities for handling large orders than any other firm. Write me berore buying elsewhere—it will pay you to do so. Your visit solicited. I am only 60 miles from New York and 30 miles from Philadelohia. WM. J. MACKENSEN | Department V. YARDLEY, BUCKS COUNTY, PA. Member of The Game Guild Petexs HIGH GUN PREMIER Remfn gton ARROW NITRO CLUB SELBY LOADS | CHALLENGE GRADE SUPERIOR GRADE (G3): BLACK SHELLS AJAX CLIMAX Helern FIELD RECORD WINCHESTER REPEATER LEADER Le —_ | mokeless We ~ Remipgeon ARROW. NITRO CLUB SELBY LOADS CHALLENGE GRADE SUPERIOR GRADE (Gg :BLACK SHELLS AJAX CLIMAX Meern FIELD RECORD PUN CHESTER REPEATER LEADER DR ET det RS | (ilies Pie? Der Year VOL. XIV : DECEMBER, 1918 THE OBJECT OF THIS MAGAZINE IS TO MAKE NORTH AMERICA THE BIGGEST GAME PRODUCING COUNTRY IN THE WORLD CONTENTS Survey of the Field— After the War—The More Game and ' Fewer Game Laws Victory— Future Plans—The Work of the Year—A New Shooting Club—Bad News. The Blue Quail — ie ey hs pete tee Elliot Coues lil || Breeding Gambel’s Quail - : - C. W. Siegler Amendments to the Treaty Act Regulations President Woodrow Wilson Notes from the Game Farms and Preserves - By Our Readers Two Broods of Grouse—Wild Ducks — Unique Trap for Rabbits—Beaver Replaces Beef and Bacon—A Suggestion for Wild Duck Farmers— Country Homes — Proposed Amendments—The State Game Departments—The Farm- ers Chief Enemy—Beaver Require Attention in Minne- sota—Incubators—The Wood-Tick—Birds Wanted. Editorials—Two Important Regulations—Who Owns the Game— An Important V —Shall the Ruffed Grouse Become a Song- ' Bird ? Li Outings and Innings, Trade Notes, Etc. Oral Published Monthly, Entered as second-class matter, July 9, 1915, at the Post Office, New York City, New York, under the Act of March 3, 1870. < ' NaS le EAA ae | ve UA i ) THE GAME CONSERVATION SOCIETY, Inc. B ih ne all a { witli { ih eeresrers z Wi enn CNR 4 falls aa . SHilin, i) Mt ul 1 me Ce f Halli iG wn io 4 ils: Sales ral AS A CHANGE, TRY SPRATT’?S WAR RODNIM No. 1 A granulated dog food of great value containing a large percentage of meat. Spratt’s Foods Are Worth Fighing For AS A STAPLE DIET, WE RECOMMEND SPRATT’S WAR RODNIM No. 2 A granulated food which is daily becoming popular amongst dog owners. Write for Samples and Send 2c stamp for “Dog Culture” SPRATT’S PATENT LIMITED NEWARK, NEW JERSEY — San Francisco St. Louis Cleveland Montreal Factory also in London, England ni Dinnnian Wilmington ie GAME RS Ee DER YY4n49 WG4P44G? ‘4 t y I, Dae Z y y yeeeeneveeecesereecsnssseanenee) ie G4Z44Y44GG44 G£YV47 Gti, tiG WH “ir, || 44443,G434 34G34ZZ AA eA Ih Wty wong MO IGG WO Gt MUGGG EGG IAG GG a Ml lll Mark X store subject that interests you is Coupon to EI. DU | PONT DE NEMOURS & CO. Advertising Division .B. Delaware Trapshooting Trapshooting for Women Trapshooting League Du Pont Sporting Powders Farm Explosives Py-ra-lin Toilet Goods Challenge Collars Town and Country Paint Auto Enamel Rayntite Top Material Craftsman Fabrikoid Fairfield Rubber Cloth Commercial Acids eee e eee ee ee eters ese ees oseaee Visit the. Du Pont Products Store 1105 Boardwalk, Atlantic City,N. J. Wilmington SN A ICA ime He Learned to Hit ’Em at the Gun Club Back home he was a trapshooter. At the gun club he learned how to hit moving objects, ninety times out of a hundred. Stopping a hand grenade in mid-air or drop- ping a charging Hun is “old stuff” for him. At the cantonments and aviation camps in the U. S. and France regulation TRAPSHOOTING at clay targets is a recognized part of the training. And with the enemy trenches a few yards distant the bayoneted trench shotgun is proving a most efficient weapon of defense or offense. Whether for prospective active service or home defense you can learn to ‘‘shoot and hit’’ at one of the thousand of gun clubs in this country. You will be welcomed at any club by good Americans who will loan you a gun and teach you how to handle it with skill. For address of nearest club and Trapshooting In- struction Book check trapshooting in the coupon, sign your name and mail it now to E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co. Established 1802 Delaware el es empmarnemm an cm mmr ToT u VW ? Ay Ls: UMRAO AA 65 afl i l (| me ll 66 THE GAME BREEDER OUR WILD FOWL AND WADERS THE NEW YORK TIMES “The subject is the development of a new crop —a flesh crop which has especial timeliness in view of the general exhaustion of our food supply. Mr. Huntington dis- cusses in the most practical manner the restoration of this crop of feathered game, and from the standpoint both of the sportsman and the market gunner, wild ducks, it seems, can be raised as easily and cheaply as domesticated ducks, and with equally excellent financial results. The way to do this is described with estimates of cost and citation of experience abroad, where the deficiency of food supply has led to the discovery and elaboration of many remedies to which we have not yet been forced. Mr. Huntington’s book is illustrated with photographs, interesting alike to naturalists and breeders.” WILLIAM BREWSTER “““Our Wild Fowl and Waders’ att il ad ets Poy) HN ihe Published Monthly, Entered as second-class matter, July 9, 1915, at the Post Office, New York City, New York, under the Act of March 3, 1879. (A @ in! T= =, DT ie aoe =) THE GAME CONSERVATION SOCIET Y, Inc. = NEW YORK CITY USA CB Davis -7S5 ih a a ee 8 avaamealll = en 4 iil) Mi AS A CHANGE, TRY | SPRATT’S. WAR RODNIM No. 1 A granulated dog food of great value containing a large percentage of meat. Spratt’s Foods Are Worth Fighing For AS A STAPLE DIET, WE RECOMMEND SPRATT’S WAR RODNIM No. 2 A granulated food which is daily becoming popular amongst dog owners. Write for Samples and Send 2c stamp for “Dog Culture” SPRATT’S PATENT LIMITED NEWARK, NEW JERSEY San Francisco St. Louis Cleveland Montreal Factory also in London, England ia! au itl THE GAME BREEDER 97 N NW VV S WO Na MQ’YQQ,. WS LU AOC CLA SE il a i Y4Y-4447 Lay lp XS SSS NS xX ws Ss RAN WEEE WwW ‘He Learned to Hit Em at the Gun Club Back home he was a trapshooter. At the gun club he learned how to hit moving objects, ninety times out of a hundred. Stopping a hand grenade in mid-air or drop- ping a charging Hun is “old stuff” for him. At the cantonments and aviation camps in the U. S. and France regulation TRAPSHOOTING at clay targets is a recognized part of the training. And with the enemy trenches a few yards distant the bayoneted trench shotgun is proving a most efficient weapon of defense or offense. Whether for prospective active service or home defense you can learn to ‘shoot and hit” at one of the thousand of gun clubs in this country. You will be welcomed at any club by good Americans who will loan you a gun and teach you how to handle it with skill. For address of nearest club and Trapshooting In- struction Book check trapshooting in the coupon, sign micicverettelatcialeletefeteioistelsyeietalalslelsys) your name and mail it now to Mark X alot subject that interests you Mail This Coupon to EI. Dy PONT DE NEMOURS & CO. Advertising Division Wilmington G. B. Delaware Trapshooting Trapshooting for Women Trapshooting League Du Pont Sporting Powders Farm Explosives Py-ra-lin Toilet Goods Challenge Collars Town and Country Paint Auto Enamel Rayntite Top Material Craftsman Fabrikoid Fairfield Rubber Cloth Commercial Acids Fee e rere rer seerers cesses asseee PC eee ese esses seo eeseseresesseoes sd scone eed E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co. Visit the Du Pont Products Store § % Established 1802 1105 Boardwalk, Atlantic City,N.J. Wilmington Delaware i Hy Hy he IF SMT i 147 All ON CCT is 4 L i? yn Ha uy Tk M1 (el i 2 pil Fl F CCE AANA AAT Ee } Lestesnessavere: N N N N N N N \ \s 98 THE GAME BREEDER OUR WILD FOWL AND WADERS THE NEW YORK TIMES ‘“‘The subject is the development of a new crop —a flesh crop which has especial timeliness in view of the general exhaustion of our food supply. Mr. Huntington dis- cusses in the most practical manner the restoration of this crop of feathered game, and from the standpoint both of the sportsman and the market gunner, wild ducks, it seems, can be raised as easily and cheaply as domesticated ducks, and with equally excellent financial results. The way to do this is described with estimates of cost and citation of experience abroad, where the deficiency of food supply has led to the discovery and elaboration of many remedies to which we have not yet been forced. Mr. Huntington’s book is illustrated with photographs, interesting alike to naturalists and breeders.” WILLIAM BREWSTER “Our Wild Fowl and Waders’Zis obviously an able, comprehensive and very interesting treatise on a subject which has hitherto received but little attention from writers, especially in America, and concerning which naturalists, as well as sports- men, will, I am sure, be glad to be thus credibly and pleasingly informed.” -THE LOCKPORT UNION-SUN ‘‘Mr. Huntington has given to the American people an admirable treatise on the practical methods of making these splendid and desirable birds profitably plentiful. Ponds, streams and waste lands which do not pay the meagre taxes upon them can be utilized and be made to yield both handsome profits and good sport. This American authority on wild game tells the farmers and land owners of this country how to do it.” CHARLES HALLOCK ‘The wild fowl book is valuable, clearsighted and scholastic. It is a direct appeal to sportsmen of common sense and generous behavior, and they will readily absorb its comprehensive pages and act accordingly - and live thereby.” DR. R. W. SHUFELDT ‘“‘T have enjoyed the treat in my reading of this book from frontispiece to finish and I wager anybody else will enjoy it. . . . The author has placed every sports- man, every naturalist and a great many other citizens of other callings squarely under obligations to him. The book is a direct and logical argument setting forth the means for the preservation in the future of our wild fowl and waders. . . . The illustrations are judiciously selected, interesting and materially add to the value of the volume.” A. A. HILL “This is not only a readable book, but it is important in an economic sense, and it will especially appeal to all who are interested in the conservation of wild life, and especially our game birds.” AUTOMOBILE DEALER AND REPAIRER “Tf the advice of Dwight W. Huntington, pioneer and apostle of the movement : in this country for a rational game protection and conservation, be acted upon, the time is coming speedily when game will be as cheap as beef or mutton. At present, after fifty years of legal protection, we have no game to amount to anything save in the more remote sections. . . . The book is not only instructive in an economic sense, showing how to make wild duck preserves safe and attractive, how to get stock and eggs and the food required, but is delightful reading for all. The author of ‘Our Wild Fowl and Waders’ is doing a great public service in his campaign for more game.” OuR WILD FOWL AND WADERS will be sent to any address in the United States or Canada with THE GAME BREEDER for one year upon receipt of $2.00. THE GAME CONSERVATION SOCIETY 150 NASSAU STREET, N. Y. In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: ““Yours for More Game.” o > THE GAME BREEDER 99 - as se: sah eae i teen the tet lensing No other sport compares with shooting in its prompt and unforgetful reward of a right start in it. The boy who learns to shoot right immediately begins to see his possibilities, to realize his tremendous advantage. Recognition of the importance of Right-from-the-Start shooting is the foundation of Remington UMC service. Start your boy off right too—there is no premium to pay and much for him to gain. Our Service Department will introduce him to Right-from-the-Start shooting, pass him along to the National Rifle Association steered clear forever of the handicap of bad shooting habits and qualified to try for the official decoration for Junior Marksman. This is the only official decoration of its kind. It is authorized by the U. Ss: Government. As he learns the value of right methods, we believe he likewise will learn to appreciate right equipment, and join the many thousands who prefer Remington UMC. Boys—Write at once for the Four Free Remington Right-from- the-Start Booklets on Shooting, and mention this advertisement. THE REMINGTON ARMS UNION METALLIC CARTRIDGE COMPANY, INC. ! Largest Manufacturers of Firearms and Ammunition in the World WOOLWORTH BUILDING NEW YORK 100 THE GAME BREEDER Let your trap gun purchase be a PARKER. Be one of the thousands of satisfied PARKER Gun users. PARKER Guns are made by gun experts. The purchaser of a PARKER Gun receives in good sub- stantial gun value, the benefits of experience in gun manufacturing of over 50 years. Once you have used the PARKER, you will never be satisfied with anything but the BEST. Eventually you will shoot the PARKER. Why not PARKER BROS. now? Master Gun Makers MERIDEN, CONN., U.S.A Send for catalogue and free booklet about 20 bore guns. ‘New York Salesrooms, 25 Murray Street OUR FEATHERED GAME Our Big Game A manual on American Game Birds with shooting illustrations in color, and bird portraits of all American Game Birds. A manual on the big game of North America with pictures of all big game animals. By D. W. HUNTINGTON By D. W. HUNTINGTON Editor of The Game Breeder Editor of the Game Breeder PRICE $2.00 PRICE $2.00 THREE THOUSAND Chinese-Mongolian Ringneck Pheasants FALL DELIVERY Full Wing, Healthy, Hardy Birds Reeves, Lady Amherst, Golden, Silver, Pure Mongolian Japanese Silkies, Buff Cochin Bantams New Zealand Red Rabbits, Breeding Stock $3.50 Each, Young $2 We are Breeders Exclusively, and nothing leaves our farm that is not right in every particular. MARMOT PHEASANTRY Member of The Game Guild MARMOT, OREGON In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: “Yours for More Game.” “The Game Breeder VOLUME XIV JANUARY, 1919 NUMBER 4 Co) SURVEY OF THE FIELD. Live Game Prizes. Averys eye eee llociesan Gare Our Committee on Prizes has made the following awards: Ist Prize, Gambel’s Quail, to General George W. Wingate for his article “How to Preserve Quail.” The author advised trapping quail to save them during severe winter weather, but pointed out that it was illegal to thus save the birds. The article, no doubt, helped some amendments made to the laws. All states should, of course, permit the trapping of game birds not only in order to protect them in winter but also for propagation purposes. 2nd Prize, Live Bob-white Quail, to Miss Lillian E. Gallup for her excellent article, “Playing with Nature.” The author says she was induced to under- take game breeding by reading the book- let of the Hercules Powder Company on Game Farming, and described her suc- cessful breeding of pheasants. 3rd Prize, Scaled Quail, to Thos. W. Cheesbrough for his article, “My Ex- perience with Pheasants.” A special prize was awarded by the editor to C. W. Siegler for his article on “Breeding Gambel’s Quail,” which gave an account of a disaster which spoiled a promising experiment in breeding Gam- bel’s from birds, awarded to the author last year for an article in The Game Breeder. Another special prize was awarded to Z. ¥. DeKalmar for his article, “A Be- ginner’s Experience.” The Committee highly commended ar- ticles by J. Freston, “More Game and Crows”; by C. M. Menzel, Pheasant Breeding for the Beginner; “Mallard Breeding in Michigan,’ by A. B. Du- sette; “Black Duck and How to Raise Farms,” by Hon. Theo. Roualt; “Impor- tations of Bob-whites” by Hon. J. Quincy Ward; “My Experience in Game Breed- incame pba oote:ubhem\Vieazelc Vian |p Newhouse. Our Policy. New members of the Game Conserva- tion Society are enrolled every day in the year excepting Sunday. It is important for these new members to know just what the Society stands for and what they should work for in order to secure the necessary freedom for game breed- ers who produce game for profit or for sport. 1—Breeders should have the right to breed and sell any species of game under permits issued by the State Game Department, without charge. 2—They should have the right to breed game in captivity or in a wild state within the boundaries of the farm, game ranch or preserve. 3—They should have the right to take wild birds or eggs for breeding purposes under liberal regulations and permits issued by the State Game Departments. 4—They should have the right to sell the food produced to licensed game dealers under simple regulations re- quiring that the game shipped and sold be identified as game produced and owned by the breeder. 5—They should have the right to sell live game and eggs at any time. 6—Aviary species should be entirely exempt from the game laws, since these species are not found in a wild state and are not shot and 102 used for food. They are high- priced birds, owned exclusively by breeders whose industry should not be restricted in any way by laws intended to protect wild game said to be owned by the State, nteaitise it has no other owner. In some States the above program has been very nearly carried out. In many States the breeding industry is limited to certain species of game which least need the breeders’ attention. Breeders who produce game animals own them of course, on account of their industry and the restrictions which appear necessary in order to save the wild game should not be applied anywhere to prevent the production of game. Where restrictive laws are enacted they should always con- tain a section providing that the law does not apply to game breeders or (as in the new United States Statute) that nothing in the law shall be construed to prevent the breeding of game on game farms and preserves and the sale of the game in order to increase our food supply. When laws are enacted prohibiting the shoot- ing of any species of game for terms of -years or forever they should contain al- ways a section providing that the law does not apply to game produced on game farms and preserves, oherwise such legislation will put an end to all in- dustry intended to keep the game plen- tiful; will put those engaged in such in- dustry out of business and prevent new breeders from undertaking the industry of breeding the species named in the law. It has become evident that closed sea- sons must be renewed in order to be ef- fective and that they eventually result in putting an end to field sports. Breed- ers interested in having state laws amended and who wish to have the assistance and advice of the Game Con- servation Society are invited to write to the Secretary. It is advisable to en- close a copy of the proposed law which it is desired to have enacted, defeated or amended. We are not lobbyists but we know how to reach those who should be told the effect of laws which prevent a food producing industry and too often put an end to shooting. THE GAME BREEDER An Oregon Outrage. The Seattle Daily Times reports the following outrageous arrest of one of our readers: When R. B. Coman of Cowen Park, presi- dent of the Pheasant Breeders’ Association, presented a dead go.den pheasant to County . Game Warden Frank L. Wilkins for tagging this morning, he was surprised at being im- mediately placed under arrest and charged with having the dead bird in his possession out of season. Coman explained that he had raised the pheasant and that it had such unusually beau- tiful plumage that he killed it to mount for his private collection. Game Warden Wilkins explained that the law made his act a misdemeanor and took Coman before Justice of the Peace Otis W. Brinker, who fined him $5. The warden who made the arrest should promptly be fired, as he would be if the State Game Officer should take the action warranted by the occurrence. The State should pay damages to Mr. Coman for the loss of his fowl. Game laws intended to protect the vanishing wild game birds which are edible do not apply to aviary pheasants which are not shot or eaten. The game laws do not apply to canaries, peacocks and many other birds and readers who are raided by ignorant wardens should have their cases continued and write to The Game Breeder, which will promptly look into the matter and suggest a proper defense. Good State game officers do not relish being disgraced by outrageous ‘arrests. Pheasants for a Banquet. One of our readers writes that he has sold 600 pheasants for a banquet. The tendency of such sales is, of course, to make the game abundant. Modern Game Laws. A direct result of the “More Game and Fewer Game Laws’ movement ap- pears in amendments to state laws per- mitting the production, shooting, sale and transportation of all or certain spe- cies of game. Thirty-seven states now en- courage game breeding and the states where it still is criminal to produce game THE GAME BREEDER profitably will amend their laws this win- ter without doubt. Game Refuges in Ohio. Our readers will remember that when it was proposed to create quiet refuges for quail and other game birds in Ohio we suggested they hardly were necessary for two reasons: first, because the entire State of Ohio was a refuge, no shooting being permitted in so far as the chief game bird, the quail, was concerned, and it seemed evident if there was anything in the usually accepted idea that “‘the greater includes the less” it was hardly necessary to set aside small areas where quail shooting should be prohibited in Ohio. We also suggested that since prac- tically all of the farms were posted against shooting it would not help mat- ters much to designate some of them as quiet refuges. We have, of course, a little prejudice in favor of sport because the sportsmen are the best customers of our game breeding advertisers and to be perfectly frank we like to shoot a few quail ourselves as we do on Long Island, N. Y., where it is not a crime to have quail or shoot them. We are pleased to observe that our advice about game in Ohio has been heeded and that the idea of quiet refuges has been abandoned. A New Stunt. We are now informed that a new refuge plan has been proposed which promises to be more noisy and on this account more interesting to shooters. Briefly outlined from a newspaper clip- ping sent to The Game Breeder, the new plan contemplates the leasing of from 3,000 to 5,000 acres of properly located lands in each county through various sportsmen’s organizations and the estab- lishing of preserves or _ sanctuaries “where especially ring-necked pheasants can be raised and when produced in suf- ficient’ abundance permitted to spread around the surrounding territory.” Why the game birds should be “espe- cially ring-necked” is not made plain in the clipping. The quail is Ohio’s best game bird. 103 The Farmers Interest. The farmers, we are told, will be asked to set aside these tracts for the purpose, the land being cultivated wherever pos- sible as at present and a patrol officer to be established on the land to see that there is no illegal shooting or other un- lawful acts. The Governor of the state is said to be enthusiastic about the per- formance. We shall observe the new refuge plan in Ohio with interest. As we understand the matter the shooting license is to re- main at $1.00. We are not told just what the bag limit is to be, but placing it at six birds per season, this would indicate that a “patrol officer”. is ex- pected to produce six ring-necks for a dollar. Possibly our bag limit has been placed too high, but if the patrol officer produces one pheasant for each gun he will furnish much cheaper pheasants than are produced on any state or com- mercial game farms. Ohio is a big state and there are hundreds of commercial breeders within its boundaries. As we have said often, we are in favor of everything, public shooting on _ public areas, private shooting on farms where the farmers permit it, game farms, game ranches, game clubs, game preserves, everything and anything which will re- sult in more game and fewer game laws. The Migratory Bird Law. The following from the Seattle Daily Times was sent by a reader: The United States Bureau of Entomology has notified State Game Warden L. H. Dar- win that he will be required, under the fed- eral migratory bird law, to obtain a permit to keep the migratory birds at the state game farm in captivity. Darwin has referred this letter to Attorney-General W. V. Tanner with the suggestion that if the attorney-general de- sires to test the validity of the federal act Dar- win will afford him the opportunity by refus- ing to comply with the order. OrvDER FAR-REACHING. If the state acquiesces in the bureau’s order and asks for a permit to hold wild fowl for the purpose of propagating game at the state farm, it follows that King and other counties which maintain game farms will be required to ask for permission to coop up the pheasants and ducks used as brood stock. In turn the order will fall on sportsmen 104 who use live decoys at their duck preserves. These live decoys, as a rule, have become so nearly domesticated that they would not leave their pens if there were no protecting screens on top, but gun clubs would not care to as: sume the risk of their flying away. CoNFLICT IN Court AVOIDED. The attorney-general told the game warden a few months ago that the migratory bird law could not be upheld in court and suggested that Darwin refuse to enforce it in this state. When Darwin got ready to serve this ul- timatum he was informed that the federal act so nearly met the Washington game laws that federal authorities would be satisfied with the enforcement of the state code. In this manner a test of the validity of the act was avoided, but Darwin believes the question can be brought up through the new order, _ Since the Bureau of Biological Sur- vey (not Entomology as the Times has it) has decided to issue permits to take ducks and eggs for breeding and shoot- ing purposes and the law distinctly pro- tects sportsmen and breeders who wish to produce wild fowl, we are glad to ob- serve that the differences in Washington State and Washington City have been amicably adjusted. Good Advice. If you want any game birds or eggs for breeding purposes write to our ad- vertisers and place your orders now. Otherwise you probably will not get any birds or eggs—certainly not any early eggs, which are the most desirable. A Boom Impending. It is evident that commercial game farming and syndicate and individual game shooting are to have a boom this season. Some of the breeders write that they will enlarge their plants and will be in the market to purchase birds and eggs and will have none to sell during the breeding season. It will pay the numer- ous shooting clubs to produce game on a much larger scale than ever before be- cause the market prices for dead game remain up and it is an easy matter to sell a big lot of game, as many of the clubs now do in order to help pay their running expenses. A Big Quail Year. There is every indication that quail breeding will have a boom this year. THE GAME BREEDER Many new quail clubs are being started in places where it is not criminal to profitably look after the quail. It seems a pity that in some places quail have been placed on the song bird list, but there are vast areas where quail can be properly looked after and where good quail shooting can be had as a result of the necessary and proper industry. The Massachusetts Commission con- ducts a successful game breeding plant where sportsmen can learn how to pro- duce quail by hand-rearing methods which will be found useful as supple- mentary to the protection of quail bred wild in protected fields. Trap Shooting and Game Shooting. We were asked upon one occasion why we did not give more space to trap shooting, “the sport alluring.’ Our an- swer was that we believed the field was fully covered by periodicals better equipped to handle the subject than we anes We are in favor of trap shooting, but we also are in favor of shooting game. We do not fancy, for example, the idea that only trap shooting should be per- mitted in Ohio and many other states which are quite suitable for quail shoot- ing, as we know from experience in the state named and in many other states which formerly permitted quail shoot- ing. We like pheasant shooting, but we do not believe that pheasant should be substituted for quail and for grouse and other indigenous game which should not be “protected off the face of the earth.” We have interviewed many sportsmen recently in order to ascertain if they were opposed to game shooting clubs where game is shot abundantly and we have not found a single sportsman who would say that game shooting should be prohibited on the places where sports- men are producing game. From the Chestnut Tree. “A man may be a big stiff “Yes, yes; proceed!” “But a painful corn’ will make him limp.” THE GAME BREEDER 105 AN EXPERIMENT IN GAME BREEDING. By D. W. HuNTINGTON. Quail Breeding. Our quail breeding experiments were confined to two species—the bob-whites and the Gambel’s partridge or quail. Since much time was consumed in se- lecting and renting the ground for our experiments: we were necessarily late in ordering quail, and when our bob-whites arrived they were all cock birds but one. It is fair to the dealer to say that he in- formed us this was the best he could do and we accepted the birds gladly, since a good number of extra cock birds is always useful the first season on an ex- perimental farm where the experiments are intended to show some shooting. The hen quail, a Massachusetts bird, was paired with a cock, and the birds were placed in a small pen containing grass and clover and some brush loosely piled at one end of the pen. and laid fourteen eggs when unfortun- ately she died from a cause unknown. The cock bird at once occupied the nest and successfully hatched all the eggs but one and reared the brood to maturity. He was much admired‘ by visitors who caught a glimpse of him sitting closely in the grass under the brush. Breeding Gambel’s Quail. Our most important experiment was made with Gambel’s quail. Three dozen birds were purchased in New Mexico and these were shipped safely and with- out any loss. Since there was some de- lay in issuing the license to breed game and it had not arrived when the birds were shipped they were ordered sent to a member of the Society on Long Island who had a license and a day or two later the birds were re-shipped to the farm. A few of the birds were given to the owner of the game farm who kept them temporarily and the rest arrived without any loss and in splendid condition, indi- cating that the birds can be shipped safely long distances. Considering the late start, the number The hen nested . of eggs gathered from a dozen hen quail was very satisfactory. One pair mated arbitrarily produced more eggs than the average hen did in a larger pen where the rest of the birds were confined to- gether. It is evident, however, that Gambel’s quail will lay numerous eggs, just as pheasants do, when a number of birds are confined in one pen. The pens contained grass and brush, the last named placed in the center and at one end of the pen for concealment—the end oppo- site the door used by the keeper when he entered to gather the eggs. One hun- dred and thirty eggs were gathered. A few were used to make the color illus- tration for the October number of The Game Breeder. One hundred and twenty eggs were placed in an incubator with 30 bob-white quail eggs which came from Massachusetts, the last named, it is fair to say, were held for some time after their journey in the mail because it was impossible to get hens promptly to incu- bate them. Ninety out of one hundred and twenty Gambel’s quail eggs and two of the bob-white eggs out of thirty hatched in the incubator. The young quail were transferred to bantams and placed in coops. These coops were placed in the corners of three adjoining pens, each 30 feet long by 10 feet wide. The pens were erected on one side of the kitchen garden which was full of weeds which made excellent cover for the young quail and provided both insect and green weed-seed foods. One hen killed twelve young quail the first night, but with this exception the losses were small, very small, I would say, for the first year in experimental work with a species never before hand- reared, so far as I am aware. The sides and ends of the pens were forty-six inches high. Two boards each eleven inches wide were used for the base and the upper parts of the sides and ends of the pens were made of 24-inch wire, half-inch mesh. The pens were not enclosed at the top, but there 106 were no losses due to vermin, the place being trapped and the pens located within easy range of the kitchen door. Some cats and skunks, one of the first named being a very large and evidently a wild one, were trapped, and some crows and hawks fell to the gamekeep- er’s gun, but the hawks were not numer- ous and they only succeeded in taking one barn yard fowl from the chicken yard in a little more exposed situation. The young birds grew rapidly and soon were observed running about in the weeds. They were shut up in the coops at night as young pheasants are. The young birds came readily to feed at the cluck of the hen and often were ob- served running in and out of the coops. They no doubt secured much insect food and they were observed eating the green seeds of the weeds in the garden. When about the size of sparrows the young quail began flying out of the pens into the garden, which contained beans, corn, tomatoes, asparagus and other vegeta- bles, now much overgrown with weeds, and it was interesting to hear the young birds chirping in the weeds and to ob- serve them flying over the sides of their enclosures into ‘the garden and _ back again into the pens. The keeper lifted the wire slightly from the boards so that the young quail could fly up on the edges of the boards and pass out and in easily. As they grew older they spent much of their time outside of the pens and the exercise in procuring insects and seeds no doubt was beneficial. A cock bob-white placed in a coop in one corner of a pen, his pen facing the coop of a bantam to which a brood of young quail had been given, attracted the young quail to his coop and when he was liberated he was observed flying in and out of the pen and associating with the young quail. I have no doubt that young quail can be transferred in this manner from a bantam to a cock or hen quail and it would seem that young Gambel’s, scaled and California valley quail, which are runners and do not lie well to the dog, can in this man- ner be taught good sporting manners. An even better plan. of course, would be THE GAME BREEDER . to hatch the eggs of running quail under bob-white hens and to liberate the hen and young brood in a garden well pro- tected with briars and weeds. This ex- periment will be tried next season when we expect to rear a very large number of quail of several species in various ways. As our quail grew they became strong on the wing and on several occa- sions when showing the young birds to visitors a number of the birds, now larger than sparrows, whirred out of the pens, some flying across the road in front of the house and others to considerable dis- tances in other directions. How many, if any, were lost or failed to return it would be impossible to say, since the birds never could be counted accurately as they ran about in the weeds in and outside of the pens and as they flew from one pen into the other. Since many quail were found and pointed by dogs in the fall it would seem that the losses were very small. About 45 or 50 of the 122 quail hatched and penned undoubtedly escaped and have survived up to date, excepting a few which were shot. Fifteen were caught when they were about full grown and these are thriving in a pen with a wired top to prevent their escape. Up to date there have been no losses in this pen and in this connection | may say that the stock of original birds thrived amazingly in the pens where the eggs were laid, the food being chick grain in addition to lettuce and grass and clover plucked outside of the pens and thrown in for the birds, as the grass in the pens was eaten or trodden down by the running birds. A few days ago a cow lifted the catch on the door of the pen and the door blew open, liberating these Gambel’s quail. Although the accident is to be regretted, it will be interesting to observe if the quail thrive during the winter in a wild state and if they nest wild next season. A large flock of Gambel’s quail recently was pointed by a dog and flushed in a field on the farm and these no doubt were the birds which escaped. Some of them may be trapped and held for hand- THE GAME BREEDER rearing experiments. A small flock of Gambel’s recently was observed crossing the road about two miles east of the farm by a member of the Long Island Game Breeders’ Association, and these, it seems likely, were birds which went to ' the road to dust and were alarmed by an automobile or other vehicle and were started in a wrong direction. The loss is not a bad feature of the experiment since if birds which go out survive and establish themselves some free shooting will be provided in places where there was none and this we regard as a public service and a popular incident to game preserving. Several important facts have been proved by the experiment with Gambel’s quail : 1. The birds can be shipped long dis- tances without fear of loss due to dis- ease or to the long journeny. They can and should be shipped as freely as poul- try and pigeons are. 2. The quail eggs can be hatched suc- cessfully in incubators. 3. Good numbers of birds can be reared on small areas for commercial purposes or to supplement the restocking of shooting grounds where birds also are liberated and permitted to nest in safe and attractive fields. The birds lay nu- merous eggs when penned, many more than they would lay in a wild state. The eggs should be a great source of profit on a game farm since they will sell for more than pheasant eggs and the quail are, comparatively, very small eaters and thrive in much smaller enclosures than Those used for pheasants. Birds shot over a point at different times indicate that the Gambel’s quail lie well to a dog, at least in places where the weeds and other covers are heavy, as they are on the Long Island farm. Mr. H. H. Shannon, who made numer- ous observations of the birds in order to study their field behavior, is, no doubt, right in the opinion he expressed re- cently that the birds lie well, probably on account of the cover and the lack of opportunity to run which they have on sandy desert areas. Very few birds were harvested “by . 107 shooting” (none otherwise), but enough were taken to establish the fact that the birds are very suitable and desirable as food. They also have a thick plumage, somewhat heavier than that of the bob- whites, and this would indicate that they should stand our climate nicely. Obser- vations on this point to be made of birds in a wild state and in the pens, includ- ing the fifteen birds reared on the place and penned, and observations to be made of many birds purchased at dis- tant points will complete the record of the experiment with Gambel’s quail. It is interesting to record that with a late start and some bad cold rainy weather which was encountered, birds can be procured at a distance, reared on the ground and shot over dogs the first sea- son. No possible number of new game laws ever can be expected to produce such results on ground where there is no game. The field where the birds are expected to winter in a wild state is planted in alternating strips of field corn and buck- wheat; the last named was left standing. Examination of the birds shot proves that they have the same liking for buck- wheat which the bob-whites have. The corn was not closely cultivated and is much overgrown with weeds, making attractive cover on both sides of the strips of buckwheat. Our experiments with quail will be conducted on a much larger scale next season and visitors who have cards can learn more by visiting the place during ‘the breeding season than I can ~eport in writing about it. ———= Our experiments in shipping one day old wild ducks and pheasants were re- ported at the time. A shipment of one day old ducks in the mail from Massa- chusetts to the game farm on Long . Island resulted in no loss and the young ducks successfully were reared. One day old pheasants shipped to other places were quite successful. In one case the birds were three days in transit and the loss was a little over ten per cent. 108 Wild Turkeys. Our experiment with wild turkeys was a failure. Eggs sent from Virginia were successfully hatched under a hen and the young birds lived several weeks when they all died. The birds were hatched late and the weather being very warm I am inclined to think that the young birds could not stand confinement in the coop at night. We knew, of course, that the turkeys should have a turkey mother and that they should have been reared differently, but we had no turkey and gave the young birds to a hen on this account. We have reared turkeys very successfully with turkey hens, permitting the birds to roost in trees at night, and the only trouble we ever had was from vermin, the great horned owl doing the most damage. a Prairie Grouse. Our proposed experiment with prairie grouse failed for the very conclusive reason that we could not procure birds anywhere in America to lay the eggs. A large amount of time and considerable money were given to the effort to secure birds. Many promises were made which could not be kept for one reason or an- other, and the breeding season passed while we were still trying to procure stock birds. Failures in any experimental work have their value as well as successes. We learn something from both. In proving beyond a reasonable doubt that it was impossible in the year of our THE GAME BREEDER Lord 1918 to procure a single pair of prairie grouse anywhere in America we performed a public service, since the re- sult will be that others besides ourselves will have prairie grouse for breeding purposes next year. It does not seem to be a creditable performance to spend millions of dollars every year in order to save the game if the result is to be that no one can secure any breeding stock in order to increase the number of birds of a species as valuable as the grouse are for sport or for food. Intelligent state game officers agree with us that there should be some way for restoring grouse shooting and that sportsmen in the grouse states should have something more than the prohibi- tion of shooting in return for their money. It is not desirable to substitute pheasants for the grouse. We should have both. No one who understands the subject believes that grouse can be- come a food supply or even that shooting can be perpetuated unless some grouse be bred by those willing to undertake such industry. There can be no grouse breeding without grouse to lay the eggs and probably our experiment in breeding grouse, in answer to the plea of our friend Dr. Fisher, of the Biological Sur- vey, that this industry be undertaken, may be the most valuable of all our ex- periments, since if the Survey is inter- ested in seeing these birds bred it should cast its. influence on the side of those who are willing to do the breeding. It must be evident that the game law busi- - ness, so far as the grouse are concerned, has been much overdone. PLAN FOR A QUAIL FARM OR RANCH. By THe Epiror. Any farm where grain is grown is suitable for a quail ranch or preserve. A number of adjoining farms where the right to produce and harvest quail is rented can be made an ideal rearing ground for large numbers of quail. The rent of the headquarters farm, including buildings, a farm house, barn and outbuildings, varies in different lo- calities. $300 per year should secure a good farm in many states. The Game Breeders’ Association pays $400 for a farm with excellent buildings about sixty miles from New York City. The right to breed and shoot game on adjoining farms usually can be rented THE GAME BREEDER at from 5 to 10 cents per acre, or the amount of the taxes. It is wise to pay a little more and to rent small areas at the sides or corners of some of the fields to be planted, as suggested later, in or- der to provide good covers and abundant food for the quail in fields which other- wise would be uninhabitable, or at least unattractive and unsafe for the quail. Pastures for cattle, sheep and horses, hayfields and fields where certain kinds of plants are closely cultivated are not suitable or attractive for quail, but all of these fields can be made sufficiently attractive to hold one or more covies of quail by planting a very small area along one of the fences or in one or more cor- ners of the field with briars and several attractive quail foods. An old stump and a brush heap will make a safe cover and an attractive nesting site, provided grass clover, a little buckwheat or other small grain be planted, and some berry bushes and sunflowers can be added to advan- tage. The quarter or half acre planted for quail should be wired to keep out animals when the plantings are made in pastures. All sportsmen know at a glance what fields are attractive to quail. A corn or other grain field is usually a field in which a covey may be found, provided there are briars and weed and other covers at the fences and small woods are adjacent. Quail are seldom found in large wood- lands far from their boundaries, but such areas can be made attractive by cut- ting small clearings in the woods and planting grain and garden vegetables and berry briars in and around the clearings. If I were asked to state the three most important things to plant in the small areas reserved for the quail I would say, Briars, Briars, Briars. No fox can catch quail in a small briar patch; no hawk can strike them there, and the berries are acceptable food at the season when the fruit ripens and often in the winter, also when some of the blackberries or raspberries have dried on the plants. Sumacs and wild roses also are attrac- tive to quail. Two rows of raspberries or tall black- ‘carried out the first season. 109 berries planted to make a double hedge between two fields or to surround an area reserved for the quail will make a safe and attractive nesting site, provided plenty of grass and small grain, sun- flowers and other foods be planted be- tween the briars. Weeds surely will put in an appearance and many of these bear seeds which are desirable foods for quail, young and old. Various plants will harbor grasshoppers and other insects. Where hand rearing is attempted the penned quail can be reared near the house and I believe it is a good plan to let the young birds run (with an old quail) when quite young, into fields especially. planted for them. Strips of corn and buckwheat make excellent cover and food and rows of briars and occasional briar and weed patches in such fields will add much to their safety. The kitchen garden can be made an excellent place for one or two covies. Some corn and other grain can be har- vested from the home farm, but it is not desirable to cultivate the ground too closely where it is intended to make the quail a profitable crop. Where the fields are enclosed with rail fences it is an easy matter to plant the angles of the fences with briars and to plant a strip of buckwheat on one or both sides of the fence. A section of an old rail fence left standing or erected in any field will make an excellent nesting site, provided it be surrounded with briars and foods. It should be an easy matter, having a map of the farm showing each field, how it is utilized and how it is fenced,. to plan the planting of suitable small! covers on the lines suggested, and it is: advisable, of course, to make the fields: near the center of the place the most at- tractive and safe, because it is desirable: to hold as many birds as possible at some: distance from the boundaries. A few fields can be treated at a time or the whole work can be planned and Quail sell readily at from $20 to $25 per dozen, and it should be an easy matter to figure if it is worth while to have one or more covies in each field. 110 I am inclined to believe quail can be induced to nest in places made attractive as indicated. An old stump with roots pointing upward as well as in a horizon- tal direction, the stump being overturned or laid on its side, will attract quail, and post or small tree placed near it will sug- gest to Mr. Bob-White the idea that there is a good perch from which he can whistle to his mate. The quail ranch should be heavily trapped, of course, but ground traps should be sprung in the daytime and pole traps should be placed on high poles and in tall trees so as not to catch the quail as they do 1f placed on fence posts. A beat keeper going over the place constantly should be able to control a good part of the vermin and the briars will save many birds which would other- wise be destroyed. Where desirable, varieties of blackberries and raspberries are planted to make double hedges, or briar patches in the corners of the fields, the fruit should be quite worth while. An experiment with these berries will be made at the Long Island Game Breed- ers’ Association this year. One of the raspberries which we will plant is adver- tised in this issue and I would advise our readers to try planting berry briars on their quail ranches and preserves. A very small area spaded up will make a desirable dusting place and sand and ashes can be added to advantage. A little grit and gravel scattered about the dust bath will be attractive. Quail are much given to visiting roads to dust themselves and possibly to procure grit. They no doubt can be induced to use good dusting places near their briar patches. A little corn and some wheat or other grain fed to the birds in and near the briars during the winter and early in the spring should hold the birds in the places where we wish them to nest. Clover and lettuce seed will pro- vide attractive green foods if these be planted near the briars. Knowing, as we do, what the quail like to eat, it sshould be an easy matter to plant a few attractive foods suitable for the different seasons. A very little planting of some of the grasses, berries and grains should THE GAME BREEDER induce the quail to nest and rear their broods in the places where we want them. It is, of course, desirable to have the birds somewhat evenly distributed on the farm and this can be accomplished by making numerous and very attractive nesting sites. We hope our readers who experiment with quail, breeding them wild in safe and attractive fields, will write some good reports of their work for The Game Breeder. Quail can be mated arbi- trarily and they will nest and rear their young in small pens. Such pens can be located near small covers, such as I have suggested, and the old and young birds will thrive better if liberated early and they will learn to escape their enemies. Where the farmers get a little rent for the right to breed game and to shoot it they are not, of course, in favor of put- ting quail on the song bird list. Where quail are produced abundantly on rented farms, good shooting is provided every ~ year for many more guns than could safely shoot, provided most of the fields be unsuitable for quail as pastures, hay- fields and many others are. The sports- men who unite to share the expense of good quail shooting not only provide sport for themselves but for many others since the game overflows and, of course, the shooting should be kept open for everybody just as it is on Long Island, N. Y., where there are enough game clubs and farmers interested in quail to effectually prevent mischief makers from putting the quail on the song bird list or exterminating them, which would be the natural result should the clubs be put out of business. Ohio sportsmen easily can restore quail shooting provided they will offer to rent some of the farms and the expense per gun is very small. Pos- sibly it might be a good plan to have some counties opened to quail shooting as an experiment, or to provide that the farmers may rent quail shooting if they wish to do so. Many farmers, undoubt- edly, would like to shoot quail and to encourage the kind of shooting which keeps the quail plentiful and which also protects the farms against hawks and crows; and also the trespassers on whose THE GAME BREEDER account, no doubt, the quail was made a songbird. The farmer certainly should have the right to produce quail on his farm and to sell them if he wishes to do so. The ‘birds can be made a most valuable farm asset. The farmers should have the right to breed any kind of plant or animal and they can increase the value of their farms by having the quail law amended so as to provide that land owners can produce and sell quail or rent the shoot- ing if they wish to do so. A farm is worth twice as much with game as an asset in many places as it is without game. The farmers in Ohio evidently can do about as they please, but they will find that if they have the quail law amended so that they can produce and sell quail and other game the crop can be made valuable as it is in all civilized countries excepting America. They will find that game will be attractive to their boys and young men when they learn how to produce it and how to look after it properly. There is a tendency in many farming regions for the young men to leave the farm. Game breeding and 111 good shooting always is an inducement for young men to remain in the country. When a farmer wishes to sell his farm he will find he can secure a much better price for it provided the purchaser can produce game than he can get provided it be criminal to profitably produce this desirable food. Why should it be a crime to profitably produce food on a farm? The answer that so-called sportsmen wish to pay a dollar a year for the privi- lege of exterminating the game does not seem to be highly satisfactory. It has not worked out well in Ohio, certainly since no farmer, sportsman or other citi- zen can have any quail to shoot or to eat, and the quail should be a highly profitable crop. The statesman who will handle this quail problem in a businesslike manner need have no fear of the farmers’ vote in agricultural states, or the vote of in- telligent sportsmen, all of whom are pre- pared to admit that it should not be a crime to produce any kind of food on a farm. THE PRAIRIE HEN AND THE MARSH HAWK. ELMER LANGEVIN. Is the prairie hen related to the cow- bird? This may seem a very foolish question to ask but how did that per- fectly good prairie hen’s eggs get into that marsh hawk’s nest, I found today? Containing a set of six perfectly fresh eggs and the prairie hen’s eggs also per- fectly fresh. I cannot believe that there is a prairie hen in Minnesota that would do such a thing as to entrust one of her babies to the care of a marsh hawk, but I do believe that the marsh hawk wouldn’t hesitate a second to take a whole setting of prairie hen’s eggs and carry them to his young to devour. At any rate his reputation up in this coun- try is no better than Bill’s because he might do anything. This nest in question was located in a small patch of willows and about two and one-half feet from the ground. The female was on the nest when I came up, and immediately started flying near me, uttering her cries of distress, whereupon the male made his appearance. | walked up to the nest and to my surprise found six hawks, and one prairie hen’s eggs. I touched them and they were warm. I took them to the car to blow out and all seven eggs were perfectly fresh, not a scratch or mark on the hen’s egg. Well, there was a farm house not far off, prob- ably a quarter of a mile, so I thought I would go over and see if some children hadn’t put that egg in the nest, but upon inquiries I found only an elderly couple living there and they were positively sure that no one had been around, as the closest neighbor is over a mile away and they have no children. 112 The question now arises, Who is the guilty party? I say the hawk, because as I said before his reputation is bad, very bad, and I positively know that he steals several hundred dollars’ worth of young chickens and turkeys each season from the farmers in this section. A farmer friend of mine called me up just a few days ago and told me he thought he knew where there was a marsh hawk’s nest, because he says, “These hawks come and pick a chicken right out from under our feet and they do it each day and are abso- lutely not afraid to do it either.” Well, I went right out to the farmer and he pointed out an old straw stack about half a mile off and said, “That is where they take my quality Rhode Island Reds,” and sure enough there were the remains of several chicks, a female hawk over- head and a nice setting of five eggs not 100 feet away. Another farmer also called me up some time ago and said he’d give any man $5.00 who would go out and kill the hawk that was taking an average of ten nice young chicks each day. Well, | went out, not for the $5.00 but for eggs, and sure enough, found a nest with a THE GAME BREEDER setting of five in a creek bottom. I shot the female, and that man hasn’t lost a chick since, although they did get some 40 out of his first hatch. On June 9th I saw a marsh hawk try- ing to steal a young turkey right in the presence of the mother, who made sev- eral attempts to lay out the offender by jumping up three or four feet in the air after it, but the hawk was too fast for her and when I ran up, flew away with empty talons. It took a Scotch Collie and I all we could do to stop one of them from stealing a pound chicken not 100 feet away from a farm house last spring and if it hadn’t been for the piece of poultry netting that the chick ran under he would have gotten him sure, regardless of my yelling and the dog barking, not more than 20 feet away. But revenge was ours, as his five young ones paid the penalty in a clump of wil- lows a half mile away. The grand old prairie hen is just about .a thing of the past here and I believe that the marsh hawk is just as much and more to blame than the crow we hear so much about and offer a bounty on. The marsh hawk may like mice but he likes young chickens or turkey much better—The Oologist. THE SAGE GROUSE. Opinion of Dr. A. K. FisHeEr, U. S. Biological Survey. The sage grouse, once a common and an abundant wild food bird on our vast western plains where the artemesia or wild sage grows abundantly, is doomed to extinction unless the states in which it is found awaken and give it pro- tection. So says Dr. A. K. Fisher of the U. S. Biological Survey in a newspaper clip- ping sent to The Game Breeder by a member of the Game Conservation So- ‘ciety. Dr. Fisher also is of the opinion that the ruffed grouse, the prairie chick- en and the sharp-tailed grouse are pass- ing away. As objects of sport and as articles of tood these American grouse already have passed away. They can, however, quickly be made tremendously abundant both for sport and for food. Regard- ing the sage grouse Dr. Fisher says: “T have an idea that the sage hen would make a very good domesticated fowl, and I am hoping that in some of our Western preserves within a very short time experiments will be made toward that end. Audubon mentions that prairie chickens were easy to breed, and states that he had large numbers in enclosures near Henderson, Ky.; in fact, they thrived so well that they became a nui- sance and were killed off. Later Dr. THE GAME BREEDER George Grinnell had some birds in this state which did so well, and became so tame they would follow the plough, and after he turned them over to Mr. John Wallace, the veteran taxidermist, the latter found that they would bother him while he was spading his garden, as they searched for the insects that were turned up.” There should be no possible objection to experiments in the domestication of any species of grouse or other game. We are inclined to believe that domesti- cation is not the best method of grouse breeding. So long, however, as it is legal and fashionable for state game wardens to raid people who have game birds or eggs in their possession for breeding purposes and to even seize mounted specimens (legally obtained) in the taxi- dermists’ shops, and to generally create a reign of terror among those who would do anything practical or profitable, we may expect the grouse to vanish because no one will look after the birds prop- erly. To experiment it is necessary to have birds and eggs. There is a far better way of making and keeping the grouse abundant, cheap for sport and as articles of food. This has been tried in Scotland with the red grouse and there can be no possible doubt that the kind of practical protection given to grouse on the moors of Scotland if given a trial on the sage plains and ‘on the prairies and farms in America, would result in a permanent abundance of all species of grouse as a cheap food supply for all of the people. What is needed is some big grouse tranches where the birds are properly looked after, just as sheep are looked after on sheep ranches and as cattle are looked after on cattle ranches. It is significant that it is legal in America to have cattle ranches and sheep ranches and even pheasant ranches, where pheasant have been made so abun- dant that advertisers in The Game Breeder are able to furnish hundreds of thousands of pheasants and millions of pheasant eggs every year to those who may wish to rear the birds or to sell them as food. When the laws made pheasant breeding a crime and those who reared these birds abundantly on the 113 farms at Allamuchy, New Jersey, were fined thousands of dollars because they sent some of the food to the markets, there were only a few pheasants in America, and when the game keepers were discharged and the pheasant indus- try was given up in New Jersey it seemed likely that this food industry would come to an end. Dr. Fisher will be pleased to learn, no doubt, that as soon as it became legal to have wild ducks, readers of The Game Breeder quickly produced many hundreds of thousands of wild ducks and millions of wild duck eggs already have been sold in America. The writer produced several tons of wild ducks one year on a place where there was no water for ducks until an artificial pond was made. The Game Conservation So- ciety is well equipped to produce prairie grouse, sharp-tailed grouse and ruffed grouse, and if Dr. Fisher will tell us where it can procure a few hundred birds or a few dozen birds, it will quick- ly furnish a complete demonstration of grouse breeding in a wild state and in captivity and the demonstration will be carried forward as all the demonstra- tions of the society are to the point of harvesting the food crop by shooting over dogs. In this way our demonstration with two species of quail was carried out to the point where a few Gambel’s quail and a few bob-whites were prop- erly (not otherwise) harvested and the triumph of the more game and fewer game laws movement was fittingly cele- brated when two species of quail were served at a luncheon in New York where a little red wine also was served with no fear of police interference. Egg Sales and Shipments. A few years ago large numbers of pheasant and wild duck eggs were shipped from the Eastern States to Cali- fornia and other Western States. We had records of as many as 5,000 eggs shipped from New England to the West with good results. This year it seems likely the big Western ranches will pro- duce the most eggs and that many thou- sands of eggs will be shipped to the Eastern States. 114 THE GAME BREEDER NOTES FROM THE GAME FARMS AND PRESERVES. Aviary Species. It is a good plan on any game preserve where pheasants, ducks and quail are reared for shooting to rear a few broods of aviary species of pheasants. Some Lady Amherst, Reeves, Golden, Silver and other handsome aviary pheasants easily can be reared by the game keeper who rears the sporting species. The birds are ornamental and some can be sold at excellent prices, and in this way money will be realized to pay part of the food bill. Our advertisers can fur- nish aviary species and their eggs but orders for these should be placed now in order to be sure of getting any birds or eggs. Quail Breeding in North Carolina. Mr. W. B. Coleman, who made a small experiment breeding quail in Virginia a few years ago wrote an account of his work for The Game Breeder which was published with an illustration showing the young quail. This article attracted considerable attention and Mr. Coleman was offered a position with the Oketee Club in North Carolina where he has since continued his experiments with quail In a recent report, published in The Bulletin of the Protective Association, Mr. Coleman says he gathered nineteen hundred and eight eggs from fifty hen quail. On account of a shortage of set- ting hens 433 eggs could not be hatched. We would advise the Club to provide an incubator for Mr. Coleman another sea- son and information about the hatching of quail eggs in incubators will be fur- nished by The Game Conservation So- ciety on request. It is not a bad plan to place a large number of eggs in incu- bators and to give them to setting hens a day or two before they are hatched. Mr. Coleman reports that 280 eggs failed to hatch on account of ointment used on the setting hens. The insect powders, used by all game keepers, will prevent such a loss as this. Notwithstanding the losses, Mr. Cole- man may be said to have been success- ful, since he actually reared and turned down 509 quail out of 928 quail hatched. Most of the southern quail clubs em- ploy game keepers to properly look after the quail breeding wild in the fields. Vermin on some of the places is well controlled and the result is an abundance of quail every season. A game keeper on one of the places told the writer that he feared his birds were too abundant although several thousand had just been shot and we agreed with him that it would be wise to “thin them out,” as he proposed doing. We long have believed that the best way to produce big numbers of quail is to breed the birds wild in the fields, made safe and attractive, just as. par- tridges are bred in the older countries, where very few attempts at hand-rearing are made with this species. The tendency of quail to increase in numbers is tre- mendous, the ratio of increase being geo- metrical. Where the fields are made at- tractive and the birds are in charge of beat keepers, who know how to trap and shoot, quail quickly can be made as abundant as it is desirable to have them, on any suitable area. Each beat keeper should have not over 800 or 1,000 acres to look after in America, where game enemies are more numerous than they are in the older countries. Hand-rearing experiments are inter- esting but they should only be regarded as supplemental to the wild rearing on quail preserves. The quail or partridge makes the best possible mother. The young birds are taught to find their food and to escape their enemies, two im- portant things which hand-reared birds do not learn in their infancy. The wild bred birds for many reasons may be re- garded as better than hand-reared birds ever are. We propose liberating some of our hand-reared birds next season, when they are only a few days old. THE GAME BREEDER Valley Quail Successfully Reared. By. N. C. Bryant. In the hope that the following facts regarding the breeding of valley quail may be of service to other breeders, we here detail our experiences. Three years ago there came into our possession a pair of valley quail. The female was a very young bird and was raised by hand. These birds were kept in an aviary along with many other small finches. The first year the female deposited 2 eggs, but would not incubate them; later the same year the female deposited 22 eggs, but also deserted. The second year the first clutch contained about 18 eggs, but these were deserted. The second set was care- fully incubated by the male bird, the fe- male showing no inclination to sit on the eggs. Nota single egg hatched, however. This year, 1918, 18 eggs were deposited and the female began incubating the first part of May. ‘Twenty-three days later she came off the nest with 16 young. One of the chicks was found dead the first morning, and several others died ' soon after, probably owing to the fact that the male would not hover the young at night and the female could not cover sO many growing birds. Nine were brought to maturity. Of this number eight were males. Another time we be- lieve that greater success can be attained. The young quail were fed on dry weevils, and later on weed seeds, obtained as screenings from threshing machines.— California Fish & Game. Aviary Pheasants. Pheasants are classified by English sporting writers as pheasants suitable for the aviary and pheasants suitable for sport. The Chinese ring-necked pheas- ant (P. Torquatus) and the common English pheasant (P. Colchicus) and the many half-breeds of these two species are the birds chiefly used for sporting purposes and for food in America as well as in England. The Mongolian pheas- ant (P. Mongolicus) and the Reeves pheasant are included in the class suit- able for sport and some of these large birds have been preserved and shot on English preserves. The first named is a 116 big ring-necked pheasant and it has in- terbred with the common pheasant both in England and America. The Hon. Walter Rothschild contributed to the Encyclopedia of Sport a list of foreign pheasants probably suitable for introduc- tion. Some of these have been imported to America but their high price is suffi- cient to remove them from the sporting class and they well may be considered aS aviary species since they only are so used. The aviary pheasants commonly seen in zoological gardens and private aviaries are the Golden, Silver and Lady Am- herst pheasants. Numerous other aviary species, all beautiful and costly, are dis- tinguished from the pheasants used for sport as easily as peacocks or parrots are and on this account the laws intended to protect our game birds should not and probably they do not apply to aviary species. The sooner the courts so hold the better it will be for the freedom of the citizens who may wish to have and to breed the beautiful aviary species of pheasants in their aviaries. It is absurd enough to arrest anyone for having game birds in his possession for breeding purposes but it is nothing short of a legal outrage to arrest any one for having aviary species of pheasants for breeding purposes or for selling and shipping these ornamental fowls which are not shot or eaten. The arrest and fining of one of our Oregon breeders recently for killing one of his golden pheasants in oider to have it mounted by a taxidermist was a disgraceful out- rage in the name of the law and the laws should be amended everywhere so as to make it impossible for ignorant game wardens and justices of the peace to make arrests and to collect fines in such a scandalous manner. Before long if unchecked these people may be found arresting citizens who have canaries or peacocks in their possession, and con- fiscating the birds in addition to fining their owners. I doubt not they may ex- tend their activities to robbing hen roosts since there would be equal propriety in their so doing because our domestic poul- try is descended from the pheasant. State game officers who can not control 116 the activities of their game policemen or who may favor such practices in order to increase the receipts from fines should not be surprised if the people decide that the Governor of the State who has - appointed them should be defeated for reelection, or if the people rise to demand the abolition of a department disgrace- ful-to the State and a standing menace to the freedom of its citizens. For- tunately most of the States have highly creditable State game departments and commissions. There are only a few States where such performances as raid- ing aviaries or hen roosts in the name of the law are tolerated. If any member of the Game Conserva- tion Society should be arrested for hav- ing or killing an aviary pheasant we shall be glad to defend the case and to ask for the removal of the State officer. He should be compelled to respond in dam- ages to the complaint of the citizen. A Donation. One of our readers, sending a check for $15 says he recently filled a substan- tial order for another reader and al- though he had no advertisement in the magazine at the time, he appreciated that the business was due to a former adver- tisement. He suggests that the $15 will about pay for two meals in New York and that the editor use the money in this way. “Go down to the Grand Central Station restaurant,” he says, “and eat it out, a couple of orders will just about take it, judging by what my ‘small steak, bread and coffee cost me.” We are too busy to spend any time in the manner suggested and we will use the money to procure live game for our experimental work. As a reason why he quit advertising, he says: “My trouble is in finding game to sell, not in selling. I don’t want to have to write a lot of useless letters explaining that the advertisement is just running but don’t mean what it says.” Many game breeders are very new at the business for the very good reason that the business was criminal until quite re- cently when the “more game and fewer game laws’ movement set things going in the right direction. Breeders who ex- THE GAME BREEDER pect to remain in the industry which is growing with startling rapidity should know that it is wise to keep up a corres- pondence with our readers and to en- deavor to procure game for them, other- wise the customers will forget them when game becomes abundant and the compe- tition is more lively than it now is. The Game Breeder reaches the people who can afford to buy game at present prices and we feel sure it is wise for those who expect to remain in the business to keep acquainted with our readers and to let them know that they expect to have more game quite soon. Those who are opposed to shooting clubs and to the game far-: mers having any big customers are well pleased to see only a few people adver- tising game. The advertisements, how- ever speak louder than we can, and those who believe in the industry should advertise. We would advise all who expect to breed game this season to order their eggs now and to stipulate for early ship- ments. One Day Old Game Birds. The successful experiments made in shipping one day old pheasants and wild ducks last year proved that these birds can be shipped as safely as one day old chickens are. Small breeders and owners of country places are advised to purchase some one day old game birds and give them a trial. The hen used in hatching the eggs should be shipped with the brood in a separate package and the young birds can be reared by placing the hen in a coop with a small fender before it to hold the young birds for a few days. Later the fender should be removed and the young birds permitted to chase insects in the grass. Some breeders have liber- ated the hen with the young game birds. and we have reports of successful rear- ing by this method. The hen and chicks. wander in a safe field or orchard and ° are shut up in the coop at night. More Pheasants. Mr. Peter P. Carney, authority on sporting topics says: Pheasants to the number of 23,398 were im- ported in 1911. To-day not a pheasant is com- THE GAME BREEDER ing into the country, and for a year or so be- fore the United States entered the war very few came in. He might have added that the output of four or five of the larger game farms now operating in the United States will total a somewhat larger number of pheasants than were imported in the year mentioned. There are also several thousand smaller pheasant breeders, each of whom produces from 100 to several thousand birds annually. There are numerous game clubs, some of which produce and shoot several thousand pheasants every year and there are num- erous country places in America whose owners consider a few hundred pheasants per year the proper caper. Since orders for tens of thousands pheasant eggs can be filled readily by some of the larger breeders and all quickly sell out every season, it seems likely that the United States soon will be the biggest pheasant producing country in the world if it is not to-day. We think it likely it is, since game breeding was checked in the Euro- pean countries on account of the war. Numerous State game farms also turn out a few thousand pheasants every year and we-printed a story about a few thousand reared by the convicts in a Western State prison. This year will be a big year for quail and wild duck breed- ing also. The progress of the “more game and fewer game laws” movement was cele- brated at a recent dinner in New York City, where two species of quail, Gam- bel’s and Bob-whites, were served. Both of the foods were produced by industry on a New York farm and both were taken not “otherwise than by shooting.” The ammunition used in the taking is advertised in The Game Breeder. There is a good reason why foreign pheasants have become abundant and are used as food in many parts of America. These birds are so abundant in many of the States that many hundreds of thou- sands of eggs and birds are sold through advertisements in The Game Breeder an- nually and many thousands of birds are of The Game Breeder. 117 shot, sold and eaten by sporting readers The reason for the abundance is well known to the older members of The Game Conservation So- ciey. New members will be interested to learn that more foreign fowls than American quail and grouse are produced because the laws in many of the States prevent the production of American game. Massachusetts is in the lead, as usual, showing the people by practical experiments how to rear quail. Quail breeding has made great prog- ress during the year. Many members of The Game Conservation Society now breed large numbers of quail and it will not be long before those who wish to procure quail and quail eggs in large numbers can do so. Quail are easily reared in a wild or semi-wild state on protected areas; they also have been produced in good numbers in pens and small rearing fields by hand-rearing methods somewhat similar to those used by pheasant breeders. The quail are comparatively small eaters and experiments made by The Game Conservation Society indicate that the young birds thrive best when they are fed very little, provided they can procure green weed-seeds and insects in safe gardens. Ohio and other good quail States should encourage and not: prevent quail breeding for profit and for sport. Pheasants Wanted. Wanted—One thousand pheasants for October delivery. Write stating prices. Any breeder willing to make a contract to rear pheasants can have an order for the birds now, provided the price is satis- factory. Address, stating price. A NEw SHOOTING CLUB, Care of The Game Breeder. —_— + Contract Rearing. In the older countries many pheasants and other game birds are reared by con- tract. We have had several inquiries recently from shooting clubs and from individuals if any of the breeders in America would rear birds to be deliv- 118 ered in the fall. We believe any breeders who may wish to do so can secure orders for birds at a price to be agreed upon, provided they will place an advertisement offering to breed birds under a contract. Breeders easily can sell their birds with the understanding that they are to be shipped when quite young and it should be desirable to have orders in ad- vance so that the breeder will know just when he can receive the cash for young birds. Breeders are advised to offer one day old pheasants and wild ducks. Our ex- periments indicate that they can be shipped safely just as one day old chick- ens are. —_—_—__~>___—_ Last January we expressed the hope that we would be able to collect some game for the hospitals and also to breed some for this purpose. We were so late in getting started and we found it so nearly impossible to secure American game birds for breeding purposes, and so many of our members went into the service and temporarily abandoned game breeding, that it soon became evident that we could not conduct our charitable experiment. Some readers offered to donate a few birds, but the big demand for live birds for breeding purposes, created by The Game Breeder, and our inability to finance the project properly, on account of the increased cost of paper, printing and postage, forced us, reluct- antly, to abandon our proposed activity. We hope it will not be long before the Society has a fund sufficient to move all the game contributed and also to purchase game and to breed some, to be distrib- uted. Now that good shooting is to be undertaken again on a much larger scale than ever before, we think it likely we soon will be able to do what we could not possibly do during the last year. Some Wild Geese. You know the work of Lynn Bogue Hunt. In his chosen field he stands su- preme in America today—our greatest painter of game birds. In the subject of this calendar, a golden eagle attacking THE GAME BREEDER Canada geese, Mr. Hunt has outdone his best previous paintings, so many of which this company has had the privi- lege of reproducing for the public. In conception, action, draftsmanship and color it is superbly true to life. Natur- ally, such a faithful reproduction of a truly great painting will be highly valued by sportsmen everywhere throughout the world. The demand for this cal- endar will surely be greater than the supply, therefore should you, for any reason, be willing to pass your copy along to some sportsman friend, he no doubt will thank you for it. Our only criticism of this excellent calendar would be that possibly the eagle does not strike geese in the manner pic- tured. He often, and usually, we be- lieve, strikes from below, driving his talons into the under side of his quarry ; and sometimes both of the big birds fall to the water together, when the eagle tows his goose to a sandbar to devour it. However, the want of a few facts should never interfere with a good story or picture and possibly an eagle striking from above is more dramatically pictorial than one striking from below would be. - ——_—= o> QUESTIONS. Is Cookery a Science? Editor Game Breeder: In our State the possession, killing and sale of pheasants arid partridges is unlawful except for scientific or propa- gating purposes. I wish to cook some of these birds and write to ask if cook- ing would be a scientific purpose within the meaning of the statute. A DELAWARE READER. Cookery at one time ranked as an art, a familiar expression was, “the culinary art,’ but recently cooking has been ele- vated to a science. It is taught in the colleges and degrees are given to those who propose to teach it. At Columbia it is regarded as a science and an art. It is highly scientific since it deals with chemistry and you will hear professors of cookery talk in terms of proteins and other things suitable for the human THE GAME BREEDER frame, its maintenance and upbuilding. There can be no doubt that a pheasant scientifically prepared will nourish a per- son far better than one prepared by a novice. Mr. Kettner made his living by the _science which Savarin cultivated as a connoisseur, says Shand, and you will note this authority uses the word “science,” as a matter of course. One fact is quite certain, if you own a bird you can cook it and eat it even if the preparation be not wholly scientific. Be sure that you have legally acquired your pheasant, either by purchase from an advertiser in The Game Breeder or by the industrious process of rearing and shooting it and we are quite sure your courts will hold that it is not criminal to eat your food and that the laws in- tended to save the vanishing wild game in your State do not apply to game leg- ally owned by individuals —Enprror. Comparative Value of Cocks and Hens. One more question, which is regarded as the better bird for the table, the cock or the hen pheasant? We have never been able to see much difference between cocks and hens on the table when both are quite young. Probably there would not be much dif- ference between the sexes when both are quite old. We never eat very old pheasants. They should be preserved for game pies and probably should be stewed until tender. The illustrious Gouffé and other famous cooks have recommended the selection of cocks for the plats, being betrayed, apparently by meritricious ad- miration for gay plumage. Alexander Innes Shand fancies “This is a survival of the barbaric tradition of sending birds IM EMetuKeathersmtonthe itablesmmles a 5: There can be no doubt whatever that whether as a maid in her first season or a juvenile matron, the hen is infinitely superior to the cock.” Editor Game Breeder: Please tell me where to purchase the best Elk (Wapiti) for a preserve. IML, TRY Write to the larger advertisers in The 119 Game Breeder; if they cannot fill the order, come again and we will steer some elk your way. Before we give advice or attempt to get game for readers it is necessary for them to write that adver- tisers cannot procure the game wanted. —EDITor. a So A Small Start and a Good Business. An Oregon reader says: “I am in the wild fowl business in a small way. I have about 125 ring-necked hens for breeders, also a few Goldens, Silvers and Reeves. The place has a lake on it that covers ten acres. I have quite a number of wild water fowl on this lake, ‘including swans, seven kinds of wild geese and several kinds of wild ducks. This season I raised between six and seven hundred ring-necks and sold 2,000 eggs from 100 breeding hens. I began with three ring-neck hens and built up from them to where I am now, learning the business from year to year until I made good. Millions of Eggs. Reports coming to The Game Breeder indicate that over two million pheasant and wild duck eggs will be hatched or sold by the owners of American game farms and preserves the coming season. Several hundred thousand eggs also will be hatched and distributed by state game farms. Stock Birds. Some of the members of the Game Conservation Society report that they are holding as many as four hundred pheasant hens for breeding purposes. A few places have more than this number. Several quail breeders will have an hun- dred or more quail hens and since the average number of eggs for each hen quail is from 40 to 50 it is evident that thousands of quail will be produced by hand-rearing; and on the big quail pre- serves where quail are bred wild in pro- tected fields many more thousands of quail will be produced. On some of the places from one to two and possibly three thousand quail will be shot during the next shooting season. 120 ‘The Game Breeder PuBLIsHED MONTHLY Epirep By DWIGHT W. HUNTINGTON NEW YORK, JANUARY, 1919. TERMS: 10 Cents a Copy—$1.00 a year in Advance. Postage free to all subscribers in the United States. To All ForeignCountries and Canada, $1.25. THE GAME CONSERVATION SOCIETY, INC. PUBLISHERS, 150 NASSAU ST., NEW YORK D. W. Huntincton, President, ; F. R. Peixotro, Treasurer, J. C. Huntineton, Secretary. E. Dayton, Advertising Manager. Telephone, Beekman 3685. EXPERIMENTS WITH GAME. Our knowledge of how to have game and how to look after it properly is com- paratively limited since before the “more game and fewer game laws” movement was started few people in America had any game or knew anything about how to increase its numbers by scientific game breeding. Many English and Scotch game keep- ers have demonstrated how easy it is to hand-rear large numbers of pheasants and wild ducks in America. Other game keepers who have handled our quail in a large way have bred these birds in a wild state successfully just as partridges are bred wild in protected fields in the older countries, where stock birds and eggs are abundant, easily pro- cured and comparatively cheap. _ Experiments with wild turkeys made by members of the Game Conservation Society at a number of places indicate that although the American wild turkey is classed by the Ornithologists as a pheasant—the largest in the world—it is not advisable to attempt to rear wild turkeys with common barn yard hens as foster mothers since the young turkeys do not thrive with common fowls as the young pheasants do. Young turkeys are known to thrive nicely with turkey mothers wild or tame and the larger the range given to the young birds the better. THE GAME BREEDER The experiments made by the Game Conservation Society during the last year with American game birds were confined to quail and turkeys, since it was impossible to get any grouse. <0 ¢=__ PREVENTIVE LAWS. Often we have quoted the naturalist, Dr. R. W. Shufeldt, who wrote that he was opposed to laws which protected the game off the face of the earth. We formed the opinion long ago that a bag limit law permitting many guns to take a very few birds per gun in a sea- son would prove fully as disastrous to upland game birds as the bag limit law which permitted a smaller, number of guns to take a larger number of game birds. The additional check to the increase of the species practically is the same. All real naturalists agree that additional checks to increase (shooting for exam- ple) cause a rapid diminution of the numbers of the species just as a removal of some of the checks to increase (ver- min for example) cause a rapid increase in the numbers of the species. Bag limit laws when applied to game breeders are worse than legal absurdities. Such laws plainly prevent a food produc- ing industry, since anyone who breeds a thousand quail or grouse or pheasants on his farm or game ranch at some expense will quickly go out of business if he be arrested and fined for shooting more than three or some other small number of birds in a season or for selling the food. Laws prohibiting the sale of game, alive and dead, and game eggs evidently are as fatal as bag limit laws are to a food producing industry especially suit- able to the American farms. Grouse and quail, since the birds are said to eat some insects and: weed seeds and are beneficial and not harmful to agriculture, should be produced abundantly. It is absurd to say to farmers and sportsmen that these birds are beneficial and therefore you must not make them profitably plentiful. It is equally absurd to say to the farmers you may rear foreign pheasants for profit which may, possibly in some cases, be THE GAME BREEDER detrimental to agriculture and require scare boys to keep them out of the fields, but you must not produce our native - quail and grouse, which are beneficial to agriculture and which can be produced cheaply since they will find most of their food in the fields and woods. Laws shortening the season, of course, are inimical to the game breeding indus- try, since the producer of any food should not be required to sell it only dur ing One month in the year. The pheasants and certain species of wild ducks quickly became abundant on many game farms as soon as the preven- tive laws were amended so as to permit the profitable breeding of these birds. Quail also have been made tremendously abundant in places where the laws are not too restrictive to prevent any industry being applied to increase their numbers. American grouse purchased and liberated in a place. where there were no grouse soon became very plentiful and restocked miles of territory, just as the grouse quickly became plentiful on all the moors of Scotland when the necessary industry | was applied to make these birds abun- dant. The birds are bred wild on the moors and protected against natural en- emies just as our grouse should be bred on the prairie. Often we have pointed out that sport has nothing to fear from an abundance of game on many places where it is prop- erly looked after. Such abundance makes it not necessary to put the food birds on the song bird list and to prohibit shoot- ing for terms of years or forever. _- The country is large and it has been found that comparatively little land is _used by game farms and shooting clubs in the States where game breeders’ laws have been enacted. Sportsmen who unite to share the expense of producing game on farms where it no longer occurs or where shooting always is prohibited evidently not only provide good shoot- ing for themselves, often at very small expense, but also provide shooting for those who do nothing in the way of game production. __ We are much pleased to observe that many of those who were opposed to all 121 of the ideas advanced by The Game Breeder now have accepted many or all of them. We observe that there is a tendency and a willingness on the part ‘of patriotic state officers to encourage the food and sport producers; to grant them licenses to take birds and eggs for breeding purposes and not to compel them to send all their money abroad to purchase foreign birds which are no bet- ter, if as good as our own. <0 OUTINGS AND INNINGS. Camouflage Department, B. C. The Little Greek—Daddy, what did you do in the Trojan War? Daddy (proudly)—My child, I painted the spots on the wooden horse. — London Punch. Before the War. Maybe you also remember the good old times when a person could buy a nickel’s worth of cheese and crackers and get some of both—Dallas News. SS Experienced. Officer—You are the coolest man un- der fire I ever saw. Soldier—Oh, I’m quite used to being shot at. I.was an Adirondack guide, sir, for years. The Limit of Economy. Rankin—He is a very economical man. Phyle—What makes you think so? Rankin—Why, he even saves the tacks he pulls out of his tires-—Boston Globe. Deer Jumped Through Engine. Carlisle, Pa., Dec. 7Attempting to jump across a cut in advance of a train, a young buck jumped partly through the window of a cab on the Philadelphia and Reading Railroad near here. The engi- neer and fireman had narrow escapes from injury. The deer was dragged and killed. A Good New Year’s Resolution. I will send three new subscriptions for The Game Breeder. 122 THE GAME BREEDER FENCES FOR GAME PRESERVES The accompanying photograph shows one of our Non-Climbable “RIOT ’’ fences, erected by us, with our indestructible steel fence post 8 feet high, surrounding the Yale Bow! Field, New Haven, Conn. This fence held in check 80,000 people who attended the Harvard- Yale Game, November 25th, 1916, and 60,000 people who attended the Princeton-Yale Game, November 13th, 1915. We have this fence and many other excellent designs. It will be to your advantage to secure our Catalogue, that shows many of the best erected fences in this country; also tells about our posts in detail; how to erect a fence; how to paint the fence wire to keep it from rusting. Become acquainted with our fence building system. It will save you many dollars and a great deal of worry. Fences for every purpose, with either straight or non-climbable post, tennis court back stops, etc., erected by our trained men anywhere. J. H. DOWNS 38 ROOSEVELT AVENUE Suite A JERSEY CITY, N. J. RIVER LAWN GAME FARM R. H. SIDWAY GRAND ISLAND, ERIE CoO., N. Y. Young Pheasants for Fall delivery extra fine, healthy non-related birds. My birds are raised for my own shooting and are very strong on the wing. Member of The Game Guild. Member American Game Breeders Society. Phone, 9286 Farragut FINE FURS THE HONEYSWEET BLACK RASPBERRY JOHN MURGATROYD Best for Home ana Market Taxidermist The bushes make good cover for game, 57 WEST 24th STREET / Strawberry and Asparagus Plants. Bas Bet. Broadway and 6th Ave. NEW YORK A. B. KATKAMIER MACEDON, N. Y. Finest Work at Reasonable Prices Call and See for Yourself FREE FOUNDATION STOCK | | THe Breders ane fairs’ Rew i j ; ; devoted to the breeding and marketing of ducks furnished to raise Rabbits, Cavies or geese, turkeys (including the wild varieties), rab- Pigeons. Send dime for particulars and bits, cavies. pigeons, etc. Organ of the American paper. Buttercup Club, and Waterfowl Club of America. Interesting and instructive articles by able writers. Young’s Tanning Compound, easily applied to any skin, large can $1.00, trial can 50c. Tattoo Ear 50c a Year, 3 Years for $1.00 Marker $1.50. Ear Tags 30c per dozen. Gibson’s Canada 75c a Year, 3 Years $1.75 wonderful Rabbit Book $1.00. Cavy Book 50c. Special Trial Offer in U. S., 8 Months for 25c Squab Culture, a recognized authority on raising F pigeons for profit, $1.00. AD. RATES: 75c an inch, or for 3 months or more at rate of 65c an apele Classified, 2c a word. ress NATIONAL FANCIER & BREEDER 0 a ae a ee 335 South East Avenue, Oak Park, Ill. 1558 Dickson Ave., Scranton Pat In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: ““Yours for More Game.” THE GAME BREEDER 123 Pheasants, Wild Mallard Ducks & Wild Turkeys FOR SALE Hatched This Year Tamarack Farms, Dousman, Waukesha County, Wis. WILD DUCK FOODS Wild Celery, Sago Pond Weed, Widgeon Grass, Red-Head Grass, Chara and other foods which attract water fowl. We have the best duck foods which will attract and hold the game and which impart the finest flavor to the flesh. We plan and arrange the plantings suitable to all waters. GOOD SHOOTING DURING THE OPEN SEASON Iam prepared to entertain a number of sportsmen who wish to shoot wild geese, Canvasback and other wild ducks and quail, snipe, etc. Only small parties can be properly looked after. Appoint- ments to try the shooting and learn about the wild duck foods are made by correspondence. J. B. WHITE WATERLILY, CURRITUCK SOUND, NORTH CAROLINA * Member of THE GAME GUILD Game Wanted @ We are in the market to buy game birds and deer raised on licensed game preserves. We can use quantities of venison, pheasants and mallard duck raised on licensed game farms and preserves which can be sold in New York State throughout the year but coming from points outside of New York State preserves must also have the New York State License in order to be permitted to ship in this State and be sold here. If you have game to sell, let us hear from you. House of A. Silz 414—420 West 14th Street ={- NEW YORK CITY Cable Address, SILZ, NEW YORK, Telephone, CHELSEA 4900 In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: ‘‘Yours for More Game.” 124 THE GAME BREEDER Wild Mallard Ducks and Ringneck Pheasants WRITE FOR PRICES Scarboro Beach Game Farm R. E. BULLOCK,’ Manager SCARBORO, -=- MAINE Member of the Game Guild SSA-Sjyyym3 ESS [> <= NINH SA Industry which has proven so profitable to breeders. Read the Black Fox Magazine, the only paper of its kind in the world. Established 1860 Telephone 4569 Spring FRED SAUTER Leading Taxidermist of America 42 Bleecker Street New York City Corner Lafayette Street © Subway Station at the Door Specialist in All Branches of Taxidermy Write for Illustrated Catalogue a TT ST ES SAMPLE COPY FREE. Subsc iption $1.50 per year. THE BLACK FOX MAGAZINE 15 Whitehall Street, New York PROFITS IN FUR FARMING In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: “Yours for More Game THE GAME BREEDER WE HAVE For Sale “| Silver, Golden, Ring- Y nj | neck, Lady Amherst, cure seep wiemeres] FOrmosan, White, Mongolian, Reeves, Swinhoe, Versicolor, Impeyan, Soem- mering, Manchurian Eared, Melano- tus, Black Throat Golden, Linneated and Prince of Wales Pheasants. Wild Turkeys, Japanese Silkies, Longtails, Mallard Ducks, S. C. Buff and Blue Orpingtons and .R. I. Reds. Five varieties of Peafowl, Crane, Swan, Fancy Ducks, Doves, Deer, Jack Rabbits. Send $1.00 for new Colortype Catalogue. Where purchase amounts to $10.00, price of catalogue refunded. CHILES & COMPANY MT. STERLING KENTUCKY Member of The Game Guild Member of The American Game Breeders Society 125 Encouraging Signs, Almost everywhere in America we see signs that the advice of The Game Breeder has been heeded. Many laws, some of which were written or partly written, by request, in the office of The Game Breeder, have been enacted per- mitting the breeding and sale of all or certain species of game. A fatal trouble soon appeared when the breeders. began looking about for quail, grouse and other indigenous game, and for eggs for breed- ing purposes. The laws, it appeared, al- though permitting the people to produce, prohibited them from procuring breeding stock and eggs. They might as well per- mit shooting and deny the right to have a gun, or permit fishing with a rod with- out a hook. Our readers will recall our activities in trying to remedy this situation. We pointed out often the absurdity of per- mitting every one to kill 25 or some other number of birds in a day for a $1.00 li- cense, and in charging the producer $5 or $25 for a license to produce and ar- resting him and fining him $15,000 or FOR SALE, WELL-BRED SETTERS Dogs Trained for Shooting. Young Dogs Suitable for Training. WRITE FOR PRICES THE RIVER LAWN KENNELS Grand Island Erie Co., New York Member of The Game Guild DOGS HOUNDS—ALL KINDS. BIG50 PAGE CATALOGUE 10¢. ROOKWOOD KENNELS, Lexington, Kentucky. THE BLUE GRASS FARM KENNELS, of Berry, Ky., offer forsale setters and pointers, fox and cat hounds, wolf and deer hounds. Coon and opossum hounds, var- mint and rabbit hounds, bear and lion hounds, also Aire- dale terriers. All dogs shipped on trial, purchaser to judge the quality, satisfaction guaranteed or money re- funded. Sixty page, highly illustrated, instructive and interesting catalogue for ten cents in stamps or coin, AIREDALE TERRIERS. The genuine one-man dog: Pedigreed, registered pups. Males $25.00. Females, $15.00, Guaranteed Satisfactory, L. E, GALLUP, 2209 Ogden, Omaha, Nebraska, some other amount if he took a few birds alive for breeding purposes. If field sports tend to keep people in the country, as Lecky, the historian, says they do; if they add to farm values and give employment to many rural labor- ers; if they keep the markets full of cheap game for the people to eat, we are inclined to the belief that sport can be kept alive in America and that its ene- mies can not put an end to it. In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: “Yours for More Game.” 126 THE GAME BREEDER Breeders’ Cards WILD TURKEYS Pure Bred Wild Turkeys Eggs in Season MARY WILKIE Beaver Dam, Virginia Member of the Game Guild PHEASANTS, PIGEONS AND EGGS. Pheasants, Amherst, Silver, Gold- en, Reeves, Mongolian, Swinhoe, Versicolor, Ringnecks, Cochin Bantams, White King Pigeons. Eggs in Season. BLUE RIBBON POULTRY AND PHEASANT FARM Davenport Neck, Phone 655, New Rochelle, N. Y. Member of the Game Guild. REGISTERED BLACK FOXES, TROUT & HARES. Rugged pups, bred on highest ranchin America. 1917 Breeding Record. S8litters from 8 females. Also Mountain Brook Trout. Milch Goats. Belgium and Flemish Hares. BORESTONE MOUNTAIN FOX RANCH Onawa - Maine Member of the Game Guild. MALLARDS AND BLACK DUCKS. Guaranteed Pure Bred Wild Ducks. Eggsinseason. 15 Mal- lard eggs, $4.00, 100 eggs $25. 15 Black Duck eggs, $6.00, 100 eggs, $35. F. B. DUSETTE, Bad Axe, Michigan. Order Breeding Stock now to be grown for next season. There is a limit on Pure Wild stock. Member of the Game Guild. Do not write for prices or infor- mation. Send check. If birds do not please you return them and your money will be returned at once. LIVE GAME, ELK, DEER, WILD Turkeys, Quail, Pheasants, Ducks, and all other game. Eggs in season. See space advertise- ment. W. J. MACKENSEN, Yardley, Pa. Member of the Game Guild. DARK MALLARD Black Duck, Mallard Hybrids These ducks are reared on free range “=; especiallyfor shooting and for decoys. == They are strong on the wing. Big egg producers under control = Price $3.50 per pair; $1.75 each ALBERT F. HOLMES 8 Bosworth St., Boston, Mass. Member of the Game Guild BREEDER OF FANCY PHEASANTS Eggs inseason. Amhersts, Silver, Golden, Versicolor, Mongolian, Reeves, Ringnecks, Manchurian, Elliott, Swinhoe, Impeyan, Mela- notus, Soemmering. GRAY’S GOLDEN POULTRY FARM Gifford Gray, Orange, New Jersey Member of the Game DR. FRANK KENT Importer Bob White Quail San Antonio, Texas. Book your orders now for early Fall and Spring delivery. Bank references. Member of the Game Guild. SEA CLIFF PHEASANTRY We have nearly all.of the rare pheas- ants and cranes, also white, Javaand black shouldered Japanese Peafowl. Mandarin ducks. Eggs in Season for sale. Write for prices and particu- lars. BALOWIN PALMER Villa Serena, Sea Cliff, Long Island, N.Y. £ Member of the Game Guild. 6t PHEASANTS ENGLISH, RINGNECKS White Guineas and White ° Cochin Bantams N Baby Pheasants and Eggs in Season THE HIRSCH POULTRY YARDS 45th Place, Lyons, Illinois Pearl WILD DUCKS The practical rearing of wild ducks is fully described in the illustrated book, ‘‘Our Wild Fowland Waders,’’ ;— written by the Editor of the Game = Breeder. Price $2.00 post paid. THE GAME CONSERVATION SOCIETY, Publishers 150 Nassau St., New York in writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: ‘““Yours for More Game.’ THE GAME BREEDER 127 GAME BIRDS All American game birds are fully described in the illustrated book, **Our Feathered Game,’’ written by the Editor of the Game Breeder Price $2.00 For sale by THE GAME CONSERVATION SOCIETY 150 Nassau St., New York GOLDEN, SILVER, AMHERST, REEVES and RINGNECK PHEASANTS. All pure bred, strong healthy birds. Must be seen to be appreciated. Prices reasonable. Eggsin season. THOS. F. CHESEBROUGH Northport, Long Island, N. Y. WATER FOWL. | can supply nearly all species of wild water fowl and eggs at attractive prices. Mallards, Pin- tails, Teal, Canvasbacks, Red Heads, Gadwalls, _Widgeons, Spoonbills, Canada Geese, Snow Geese and other wild ducks and geese. Write, stating what you want. GEORGE J. KLEIN, Naturalist Ellinwood, Kansas Mallard-Pintail PHEASANTS AND PHEASANT EGGS. Chinese Pheasant Eggs, >. $25 per hundred. Chinese =.— Pheasants for Fall delivery. < Mrs. G. H. ROBBINS, Route 2, Hood River, Ore. CLASSIFIED ADVERTISEMENTS Announcements inserted under this head in small type for 3 cents per word. If displayed in heavy type, 5 cents per word. No advertisement accepted for less than 30 cents. Postage stamps accepted in payment. THE GAME BREEDER 150 Nassau Street New York City EGGS FOR HATCHING PHEASANTS—ENGLISH Ringneck, $35.00 for 160 eggs. English Ringneck, $3.60 per clutch. Golden, $55.00 for 160 eggs. Golden, $6.00 per clutch. Cash with order. Satisfaction guaranteed. OCCONEECHEE FARM, Poultry and Game Depart- ment, Hillsboro, North Carolina. 8t RABBIT AND HARE SOCIETY OF CANADA. Breeders should write for constitution and by-laws. JOHN E. PEART, Secretary, Hamilton, Ontario, 12t LIVE GAME RINGNECKED PHEASANTS FOR SALE—E., N. McNARY, Martinsville, Illinois, it FOR SALE—ENGLISH RINGNECK PHEASANTS, field raised, full-winged, from unrelated stock, JOHN BUTLER, Easton Game Farm, Danielson, Route 1, Conn, at YOUNG GOLDEN AND AMHERST PHEASANTS, 1918 hatch, ready to breed this Spring. Per pair, golden, SO ee $12.00. G. L. DAVIS, Mt. Sinai, ob tho Min Mo at WILD TURKEYS—For prices see display advertisement in this issue. W. J. MACKENSEN, Yardley, Bucks County, Pa. PHEASANTS FOR SALE—RINGNECKS, SILVER, Goldens, Mongolians, Formosan, Prince of Wales, Lady Ambhersts, Reeves, Swinhoes, Melanotus, Versicolor, Man- churian Eared, ROBINSON BROS., Aldershot, Ontario, Canada. 3t PURE BRED WILD WATERFOWL AT FOLLOW ing prices: Mallards, $3.75 per pair. Pintails, $3 25 per pair. Green Wing Teal, $5.00 per pair. Blue Wing Teal, 3.75 per pair. Also redheads, Gadwalls, Widgeons, anvasbacks, Spoonbills, at reasonable prices, for propa- gating and scientific purposes. GEORGE J. KLEIN. Ellinwood, Kansas. FOR SALE—RINGNECK PHEASANTS, MALES $3.00, hens $4.00. LULU H. CURRY, Roseville, Ill. 1t HOYT’S CALIFORNIA PHEASANTRY;, PRICELIST, . FRED D. HOYT, Hayward, California. GRAY STAR PHEASANTRY Breeder of all kinds of pheasants. Eggs in season. Pure brand, strong, healthy birds for sale. GIFFORD GRAY, 21 Ward St., Orange, N. J FOR SALE—Pheasants and eggs. Everything in the pheasant family. Pamphlet with order free. BUCK- WOOD PHEASANTRIES, Dunfield, Warren Co., New Jersey. (zot) QUAIL, PARTRIDGES, WILD FOWL, DEER AND other animals. See display advertisement in this issue. WM. J. MACKENSEN, Proprietor Pennsylvania Pheas- antry and Game Park. CANADA WILD GEESE AND THEIR GOSLINGS— A limited number for sale now—the surest way to start breeding this species. We are the oldest and largest breeders of Canadas in this country. Black and White Swans,Wild Ducks, etc , forsale. WHEALTON WATER FOWL FARMS, Chincoteague Island. Va. FOR SALE—60 PHEASANTS, GOLDEN, SILVER, Lady Amberst, Reeves and English. Mandarin Ducks and Black Cochin Bantams. GEORGE H. LINDEMAN, 1522 Juneway Terrace, Chicago, Illinois. it WANTED—WHITE PEAFOWL, EITHER SEX. Pied Peafowl, Soemmerring, Cheer, Hoki and German Peacock Pheasants, Ruffed Grouse, and White Squirrels. Also Swinhoes; state price and number. R.A. CHILES & CO., Mt. Sterling, Ky. HAND RAISED MALLARD DUCK AND DRAKES $1.50 each. JOHN KIERSCHT, Logan, Iowa. 2t Pheasants Wanted WANTED. ELLIOTT,MIKADO, SATYR, TRAGOPAN and Linneated Pheasants. Mature birds only. Write A. J. MERLE, Alameda, Cal. ot [In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: “Yours for More Game.” 128 THE GAME BREEDER Notice to Purchasers. Purchasers can rely upon advertisers in The Game Breeder. Society has a committee known as the Game Guild, which investigates Conservation promptly The Game complaints and insists upon fair dealing under a penalty of dismissal from membership and the loss of the right to advertise in the magazine. part due to shipments of eggs. seller and purchaser. he mentioned the fact that it was due to an advertisement in The Game Breeder. There are very few complaints in a year, for the most These have been uniformly adjusted to the satisfaction of the Any member making a complaint should state that in placing his order All mem- bers of the Society are urged to buy from those who support the publication by advertising in it. PURE BRED RINGNECK AND GOLDEN PHEAS, ant eggs. Also bantam eggs from smooth legged, gentle- motherly stock. A. P. SLOCUMB, 4110 Penhurst Ave., Baltimore, Md. it FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE—FOR FANCY DUCKS, geese or pheasants. 15 pair cf 1918 hatch Muscovey ducks. 15 pair 1918 pit games. Grey’s, Spangles, and Black Breasted Reds. Genuine pit birds. Ducks $8.00 per pair, $10.00 per trio. ED. J. MEYER, Meyer Lake Stock Farm, Canton, Ohio. 2t WILD TURKEYS FOR SALE. LARGE, HARDY specimens, Satisfaction guaranteed. LEWIS COMPTON, Dias Creek, New Jersey. 2t FOR SALE—PURE MONGOLIAN PHEASANTS. C. W. SIEGLER, Bangor, Wisconsin. at FOR SALE—SEVERAL MATED PAIRS OF PURE bred black ducks, $5.00 per pair. Domesticated ag pets but from wild eggs. ARROWHEAD, Milton, Vt. 2t THE BLACK SIBERIAN HARE IS OF ENORMOUS size. It grows faster, matures and breeds earlier than any other rabbit, but best of all is its delicious meat and beautiful fur. Write for information and prices. SIBERIAN FUR FARM, Hamilton, Canada. 6t GLENWOOD PHEASANTRIES, HADLYME, CONN. Ringneck phaesant eggs for sale. Price $25.00 per 100. R. K. McPHAIL. 4t FOODS WILD DUCK FOODS Wild duck food plants, and seed. Wild Celery, Sago Pond Weed, Widgeon grass, Red head grass, Chara and other kinds. There are hundreds of thousands of acres of water marshes where these, the best of duck foods, will grow and hold the game. Write and learn how to do it. WHITE’S GAME PRESERVE, Waterlily, N. C. Currituck Sound, DO YOU BUY MEXICAN QUAIL AND THEN LET them die, because of change of diet from green food and insect life in abundance, to dry grain? Let the change oJ diet be gradual, using Meal Worms as a substitute for insect life. -500 at $1.00; 1000 at $1.50; 5000 at $5.00, all express prepaid. See \ovember 1918 Game Breeder, page 42, last paragraph. C. R. KERN, Mount Joy, Penna, 1t GAMEKEEPERS GAMEKEEPER, HEAD, WISHES SITUATION. Thoroughly experienced, rearing pheasants and wild ducks. Also the trapping of vermin, care and manage- ment of dogs, deer, decoys, boats, etc. Apply to W., care of The Game Breeder, 150 Nassau Street, N. Y. City. 1t HEAD GAMEKEEPER’S SON SEEKS SITUATION as gamekeeper. 11 years experience and 11 years good references. Understands all duties, Age 25 years, Apply DAVID GORDON, Hadlyme, Conn, It WANTED — POSITION AS MANAGER ON GAME farm or shooting preserve. Long experience raising game birds. Understand raising and training shooting dogs, and trapping vermin. A. S. B., care of Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York, N. Y. WANTED. SITUATION AS GAMEKEEPER. EX- perienced on game rearing and dog training. Married. Apply H.careof THE GAME BREEDER, 150 Nassau St., New York. GAMEKEEPER DESIRES SITUATION, THOR- oughly understands all duties, etc. Best references from Europe and this country. . J. F., care of The Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York City. 4t WANTED SITUATION—A GAMEKEEPER FAMIL- iar with pheasant and poultry rearing. I have also had experience in general farming and can plan the planting for game. BRUCE LANE, care of Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York, 6t GAMEKEEPER WANTS A POSITION FOR THE coming season on a game farm, club or estate. English, age 26, single, no draft, experience in rearing all birds of game and poultry, care of dogs and fish, trapping of vermin. Good references from England and this country. WER ED BUTLER, Easton Game Farm, Danielson, onn, at MISCELLANEOUS FOR SALE—GAME FARM. TWO HUNDRED AND fifty acres, Twenty-eight deer. Fine new log bungalow. Fine hunting. A beautitul home. Price $60.00 per acre. Owner G. D. GORNS, Purdue, Douglas Co., Oregon, 2t RINGNECK PHEASANTS, $5.00 A PAIR. GOLDENS, $10.00 a pair. Guaranteed strong and in the pink of con- dition for Spring breeding. Order now as I havea limited supply of birds. LILLIAN E. GALLUP, 2209 Ogden, Omaha, Nebraska. It BREEDING STOCK OF PHEASANTS FOR SALE —-Ringnecks, Silver, Goldens, Mongolians, Formosan, Prince of Wales, Lady Ambhersts, Reeves, Swinhoes, Melanotus, Japanese Versicolors, Manchurian Eared. ROBINSON BROS,, Aldershot, Ont., Can. “THE RANCH BRED FOX,” THE BEST BOOK published on Fox farming. Tellsall about this wonderful industry. Price 25c, postpaid. THE BLACK FOX MAGAZINE, 15 Whitehall St., New York. SAFETY RAZOR BLADES. SAFETY RAZOR blades, 10 cents each or $1.00 per dozen. When ordering kindly mention the make of your razor. E. DAYTON, 150 Nassau Street, New York City. WANTED, A SMALL COUNTRY PLACE ON LONG Island with a house of six or eight rooms and land suit- able for farming. State acreage, location, price and terms. B, J., care Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., N. Y. WANTED TO RENT, WITH PRIVILEGE OF purchase, Long Island farm with gooa buildings. Place must have a small pond or stream suitable for ducks. GAME PRESERVE, care Editor Game Breeder, 150 Nassau Street, New York {n writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: ‘“‘Yours for More Game.” f Quail, Bobwhites and Other Species NOW IS THE TIME TO BUY QUAIL FROM Mackensen Game Park I carry the largest stock in America of live game birds, ornamental birds and quadrupeds. Also Pheasant Eggs by the 100 & 1000 I am prepared to fill the largest orders for Pheasants and Eggs, and for years I have filled practically all of the large State orders for both Partridges and Pheasants. . { All Pheasant Eggs Are from My Own Pens ; Pheasants My Pheasant pens hold thousands of Pheasants and I am prepared to furnish these birds in large numbers to State de- partments, individual breeders and preserves. Wild Duck Mallards, Black Duck, Teal, Wood-Duck, Pintails and other species can be supplied in large numbers at at- tractive prices. Also Mandarins and ll other water fowl. Now is the Time to Buy Wild Turkey Eggs AND— Wild Turkeys I am now the largest breeder and dealer in Wild Turkeys and can supply these birds in good numbers to State Departments and preserve owners I carry the largest stock in America of ornamental birds and animals. My ponds now contain nearly 200 best Royal Swans of England. I have fine lot of the beautiful pink FLAMINGOES and the very large Europeas PELICANS. Also STORKS, CRANES, PEAFOWL, fancy GEESE and DUCKS. My pheasant pens contain over a thousand Ringneck and fancy PHEASANTS. All stock is kept under practically natural conditions. I have 60 acres of tand entirely devoted to my business. Canalso promptly furnish BUFFALOES, DEER, LLAMAS. RABBITS, etc Orders booked during summer. I have for years filled practically all the large State Orders and have better facilities for handling large orders than any other firm. Write me before buying elsewhere—it will pay you to do so. _ Your visit solicited. IT am only 60 miles from New York and 30 miles from Philadelphia. _ i WM. J. MACKENSEN Department V. YARDLEY, BUCKS COUNTY, PA. Member of The Game Guild Remin gron ARROW SELBY LOADS SUPERIOR GRADE G): BLACK SHELLS AJAX FIELD | WON CHESTER LEADER » HEN you go to the traps or into the game covers for a day’s sport you use the shell which cxperience has taught you 1s best adapted to your needs. “To get the best results you stick to your favorite shell just as you do to your favorite gun. You should be just as careful about the powder that this shell contains. That the powder plays an important part in your shooting is obvious. In this connection you can’t do better than select and stick to HERCULES Smokeless Shotgun POWDER. INFALLIBLE E.G The next time that you buy shells look on the top wad for the name Infallible or “‘E. C.”’ as well as on the base for the name of the shell. You should have no difficulty in get- ting shells loaded with either one of these powders for they are found in any one of the fourteen standard shells listed here. Hercules Smokeless Shotgun Powders can be relied upon to give you the same service a.all times. Their qualities are not affected by time or weather conditions and they will always give high velocity, light recoil and even patterns. HERCULES POWDER CO. 51 West 10th Street Wilmington Delaware HIGH GUN TARGET Rem £ ton NITRO CLUB SELBY LOADS CHALLENGE GRADE (O} BLACK SHELLS CLIMAX RECORD WINCHESTER | REPEATER _—_———a—aaaw ee iaranuzanancoa0isveaadaeadaaad AM tuavontantannnianinatil as VOL. XIV FEBRUARY 1919 THE OBJECT OF THIS MAGAZINE IS TO MAKE NORTH AMERICA THE BIGGEST GAME PRODUCING COUNTRY IN THE WORLD c) Itt Dat ll VIEW ON PROPOSED GAME PRESERVE See Back Cover Ws Published Monthly, Entered as*second-class matter, July 9, 1915, at the Post Office, New York City, New York, under the Act of March 3, 1879. ig | AD | path PUBLISHED BY A THE GAME CONSERVATION SOCIETY. Inc. E = NEW YORK CITY USA B Davis -75 [eee gr NGOS (NAS) MICHANGE, TRY SPRATT’S ~ WAR RODNIM No. 1 A granulated dog food of great value containing a large percentage of meat. Spratt’s Foods Are Worth Fighing For AS A STAPLE DIET, WE RECOMMEND | SPRATT’S WAR RODNIM No. 2 A granulated food which is daily becoming popular amongst dog owners. Write for Samples and Send 2c stamp for “Dog Culture” SPRATT’S PATENT LIMITED NEWARK, NEW JERSEY San Francisco St. Louis Cleveland Montreal Factory also in London, England | ———————————— ee THE GAME BREEDER ~ @ Fourteen HESE are the fourteen standard brands of loaded shells and the shell you shoot is among them. Remember—you can always get your favorite shell loaded with Infallible or ‘SE. C.”’ if you’ ask for it and zmsis¢t on getting it. You can buy any one of the fourteen shells listed at the right loaded with one of the HERCULES Smokeless Shotgun POWDERS INFALLIBLE TEES When you swing your gun to your shoulder and pull the trigger—zt’s the powder that does the work. Andit is of the utmost importance to you that this powder be dependable. Hercules Smokeless Shotgun Powders are a/qways depend- able. They always burn evenly, give even patterns, high velocity and light recoil. The next time that you buy shells, look on the top wad for the name Infallible or ‘‘E. C.”’ ges POWDER CO. 51 W. 10th Street Delaware ith Remipgron ARROW NITRO CLUB SELBY LOADS CHALLENGE GRADE SUPERIOR GRADE GBA SHELLS AJAX CLIMAX Meern FIELD RECORD VOUNCHESTER REPEATER LEADER 130 THE GAME BREEDER Let Your Trap Gun Purchase Be a PARKER. Be One of the Thousands of Satisfied PARKER Gun Users. PARKER Guns are made by gun experts. The purchaser of a PARKER Gun receives in good substantial gun value, the benefits of experience in gun manufacturing of over 50 years. Once you have used the PARKER, you will never be satisfied with anything but the BEST. Eventually you will shoot the PARKER. Why not now? Send for catalog and free booklet about 20 bore guns. PARKER BROS., Master Gun Makers, MERIDEN, CONN., U. S. A. NEW YORK SALESROOMS, 25 MURRAY STREET. MARMOT PHEASANTRY Ringnecks Chinese Reeves Golden Silver Amherst Japanese Silky Fowl Book your order for eggs now. Eggs in any quantity from the Japanese Silky—Rhode Island Red Cross. The perfect mother tor large breeders of Pheasants. We have one of the largest exclusive Game Breeding Farms in the U. S., and we warrant every bird we ship to be in prime condition for breeding or show purposes. We are now contracting full wing Ringnecks in any quantity up to 5,000 for August and early fall delivery. If you want some splendid Chinese-Mongolian cocks for new blood in your pens, and are willing to pay $3 each for them, send us a check. Hens $4.50. Expensive, but they’re worth it, Member of the Game Guild MARMOT PHEASANTRY, MARMOT, OREGON In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: ‘““Yours for More Game.” THE GAME BREEDER 131 ; Y e " , No. a, American Marksmen Series, | Painted for gion UMC by F, X. Leyendeckert -«Ritle Stisetaa and Education N education without a course in shooting 1 is not complete—it 1 is like selene without a vote. More than ever before our high schools, preparatory schools and colleges are recognizing this. And here again Remington UMC free service ean be and is consulted and used to advantage. What of the high school or college in your community—has ita live N. R. A, rifle club? q Our Service Department will furnish the right information—how to revive or start such EL, club, how to obtain National Rifle Association recognition and free Government equipment. It will supply the right 1 instruction books and targets, free of charge. With the right start, we believe appreciation of the right equipment and adoption i Remington UMC will follow naturally, as has been the case so many thousands of times. School Principals, head masters, faculty heads, rifle coaches and secretaries of secondary school and college rifle abe WARE at once on a free copy of the Remington Right-from-the-Start iiandbook for rifle club officials and blank registration card for free target service, THE REMINGTON ARMS UNION METALLIC CARTRIDGE CO.., Inc. Largest Manufacturers of Firearms and Ammunition in the World _ WOOLWORTH BUILDING, NEW YORK 132 THE GAME BREEDER CONTENTS Survey of the Field__-Game Breeders__Good Advice—_The Migratory Bird | Treaty Law—The Present Law—The Supreme Court Case—The New Law—-Other Cases—Court Decisions—_Imported Birds—‘‘Only the Rich” —Quail Importations. Hunting Trips of a Ranchman - = - - Theodore Roosevelt Shooting Foxes on Long Island - - - - H. J. Montanus What Grouse Owners Should Do - - - D. W. Huntington Notes from the Game Farms and Preserves - By Our Readers Pole Traps—Ground Traps— Prizes— Incubators— Fields Attractive to Game—Sportsmen and Farmers__Law to Encourage Game Breeding —Duck Eggs and Owls_—_Crow Prizes—Opinion of Mr. Carney— The Wild Pigeon—Ten Commandments—_Game Law Novelties—Ex- periments with Incubators—Fountain for Roosevelt. Editorials_Harmony — Roosevelt— Legal Mistakes. Correspondence, Trade Notes, Etc. x WILD DUCKS AND WILD GEESE It Is Now Legal to Trap Wild Fowl! for Breeding Purposes Write to The Biological Survey, Washington, D. C., for information about Trapping Permits The book, OUR WILD FOWL AND WADERS, written by the Editor of The Game Breeder, contains full information about the trapping of wild fowl and how to rear the birds for profit and for sport. There are chapters on How to Form Shooting Clubs; How to Control the Enemies of Wild Fowl, etc. Fully illustrated with pictures of ducks on preserves, etc. PRICE, $2.00 POSTPAID THE GAME BREEDER, 150 Nassau St., NEW YORK The Game Breeder VOLUME XIV FEBRUARY, 1919 NUMBER 5 : Co) SURVEY OF THE FIELD. Game Breeders The Game Breeder is the only means of communication between game farmers and their shooting customers, the game shooting clubs and the owners of farms and country places which have game for shooting. There are numerous publica- tions which encourage trap shooting and many which publish stories of shooting wild game in Canada and in the States where still it is legal to shoot some spe- cies of game, but The Game Breeder is the trade paper which reaches all of the game producers in America and _ their customers who wish to purchase game for propagation and for shooting. In some states we now have hundreds of game breeders. In all of the states and in the provinces of Canada we have some and the number is increasing rap- idly everywhere. It is for this reason that advertisements in The Game Breed- er produce the splendid results which advertisers continually say they do in letters to the magazine. Good Advice We receive a big mail and the tele- phone rings often, requesting us to tell the applicants where they can purchase game. In all cases the answer is, “From our advertisers.” It would not be fair for us to recommend one advertiser or another. One use of the magazine seems often to be overlooked. It is the right place to insert advertisements of GAME WANT- ED. If our readers find that the adver- tisers can not furnish just what they want they should send advertisements, stating that they wish to purchase game and eggs and asking readers to quote prices. The game breeders are now standing well together and many send subscriptions for others when renewing their own subscription. All game breed- ers who believe that their industry should be protected and not prevented should deal with those who advertise, not only when buying game but also when pur- chasing appliances, ammunition, etc. The Migratory Bird Treaty Law There seems to be a wide misunder- standing about the migratory bird treaty law. This arises from there being two laws on the subject of migratory birds. The first one, which was enacted before the treaty was made, was declared un- constitutional by three United States District Courts in Arkansas, Kansas and Maine. The question of the constitu- tionality of the law was argued before the United States Supreme Court which was asked to reverse the Circuit Court decisions. After some delay the court asked to have the case re-argued, which seemed to us to indicate that it was not prepared to reverse the lower courts. Those interested in the law evidently decided that they were advocating a bad law and they decided to procure a treaty with Canada and to ask for a new act of Congress based on the treaty. The Present Law The new act, as our readers will re- member, was preventive and not per- missive, and we opposed its enactment, insisting that it should distinctly saty that nothing in it should be construed to prevent the breeding, shooting and sale of game. We do not believe the Con- gress ever would have passed the law had it not been amended so as to give 134 full protection to game breeders. Mem- bers of our society in Congress, who read The Game Breeder, understood that a good food-producing industry was threatened and we took good care to see that other members of Congress were fully informed as to what game breeders should have. After section 12 was add- ed protecting game breeders the law ap- peared to be beneficial and not harmful in so far as our readers are concerned and if the law is constitutional we be- lieve it will prove to be beneficial to game breeders. It distinctly says no one can interfere with their industry. The Supreme Court Case After the new law was enacted it was not necessary for the Supreme Court to decide the case under the old law and this was dismissed. The effect of the de- cision was to leave the Circuit Court judgments unreversed and those arrested were, of course, freed from any penalty. The decisions, however, have no effect on the new law which was not before the court. The New Law The present law is based on a treaty procured with Canada and it is claimed that although the first law was declared unconstitutional by three courts the new one will not be, because the constitu- tion provides that, “all treaties made or which shall be made under the authority of the United States shall be the supreme law of the land and the judges im every state shall be bound thereby, any thing in the constitution or laws of any state to the contrary notwithstanding.” The new law, no doubt, will find its way into the Supreme Court and one of the ques- tions the court will be required to pass on is, if a given proposition is uncon- stitutional it can be made constitutional by an agreement with a foreign coun- try. The decision will determine if the constitution can or can not be amended, and in fact reversed by an agreement made between our government and that of a foreign country, without consulting the states or securing an amendment to the constitution by the ratification of THE GAME BREEDER the states. We have an opinion, as oth- ers no doubt have, as to how the court will decide the matter, but since the game breeders are fully protected in the law they, of course, are not interested in Opposing it as they would have been © had the amendment protecting them not been made before the law was enacted. Other Cases Readers who are interested in guess- ing what the court will decide about the new law will be interested in reading several decisions which have been ren- dered by the Supreme Court. Court Decisions In Ward vs. Race-Horse, the facts were that an Indian named Race-Horse shot an elk out of season in violation of the law of the state of Wyoming. A federal treaty gave the tribe of which Race-Horse was a member the right to hunt and fish forever on their reserva- tion. The court upheld the state game law on the ground that Wyoming had become a sovereign state with the right of other states to enforce its police pv ers in regard to game. In Kennedy vs. Becker a New York Indian claimed his right under a treaty to fish as he pleased in violation of the New York law. He was defended by the United States Attorney General, but the Supreme Court upheld the game law of New York. Justice Hughes rendered the opinion of the court, holding that the power to preserve game and fish within its borders is inherent in the sovereignty of the state. When the California Supreme Court decided that the state police powers were supreme and upheld a law prohibiting Japanese from owning real estate in Cali- fornia, Japan claimed treaty rights but the president notified her that an at- tempt made to have California recon- sider the matter had failed and he could do no more. Possibly the United States may hold that the states only own resi- dent game and that birds of passage are owned by Canada part of the time and by the United States during certain sea- sons, when they come to us. It is some- THE GAME BREEDER thing of a hardship for breeders to have to secure state licenses and to put tags on the feet of their ducks and also to secure United States licenses and _ to brand one foot but we think it will not be long before the courts hold that pro- ducers own the food they produce and that the regulations requiring them to identify their game before they sell it must be simple and reasonable. The breeders have much to be thankful for since it no longer is fashionable to ar- rest them for having eggs or breeding fowls in their possession and they can sell food. Imported Birds Before the war large numbers of pheasants and gray partridges were im- ported from Germany, Austria-Hungary and England. During the war many more thousands of pheasants and quail were reared by members of the game conservation so- ciety in America than the total number of pheasants and partridges imported during ten years prior to the war. Why should we send money abroad to purchase foreign game birds when we can rear these foreign birds abun- dantly and profitably on American game farms, and a big lot of American game birds for good measure, the last named are better birds than any to be found in foreign countries. What country has game birds equal to our wild turkey, ruffed grouse, sharp-tailed grouse, prairie grouse and the numerous species of quails or partridge? The answer is no country has game birds equal in food or sporting value to our own. Why have our splendid game birds vanished? The answer is: because we have prevented by law their profitable production. The late dean of American sportsmen, Charles Hallock, hit the nail squarely on the head when he wrote to the editor of The Game Breeder, “Truly we need a revolution of thought and a revival of common sense.”” Many intel- ligent state game officers have accepted this idea and believe that field sports can be restored on many American farms 135 provided they can induce the sportsmen and farmers to work together amicably on the lines laid down by The Game Breeder and endorsed by Professor Bailey and many other agricultural au- thorities. “Only the Rich.” Only very small politicians, usually, howl about anything being “only for the rich.” The truth of the matter is that in America the rich have a little the best of it when it comes to migrating game. In England a wild fowler owns a wild duck after he shoots it, but this is not true in America. He has decidedly the best of the game in the sense of sport as well as of food. The poor man in Eng- land can sell a few ducks, if necessary, to pay for the cost of his ammunition. Like the American fishermen and oyster- men who sell fish, he can sell a lot of ducks if he wishes to support his family with the rewards of an out-door sporting vocation. The English wild fowler who so supports his family is admired by the English sportsmen and is encouraged to keep up his good work. If he meets with an accident we are told that he can get assistance from sportsmen and sporting associations. In America the poor man can go to jail if he sells any food, legally procured, to his neighbor, and he is de- nounced as a market gunner by the sport- ing politician, who also denounces the farmer who would sell food produced on his farm. The little politician shouts continually that the game should not be “only for the rich.” Quoting the Bulletin York Protective Association, Woods furnishes this: of the New Main Out in San Diego, California, the Union, a daily newspaper, is conducting an active editorial campaign, seeking to browbeat the board of fish and game commissioners into permitting wholesale slaughter of wild water- fowl, claiming that great damage is being done to rice fields. It is argued that such a move would be in the interest of the poor man, and it is further stated that under the present circumstances it is only the rich who are able to secure wild duck for their table. It is quite true that the poor in the older countries can shoot and sell ducks 136 and the poor can get them at from 12 cents up to possibly 40 or 50 cents per duck. The poor can shoot and sell not only on places which they own or rent but also on all public marshes and salt- ings. The Protective Bulletin, of course, is guided by Mr. Burnham’s remarks to Congress that in England the shooting only is for the rich. But the Congress knew better and decided that food pro- ducers, rich or poor, should shoot their ducks in America and sell them if they want to. The attempt to stop the shoot- ing by the “otherwise than,” or the hatchet clause, as it is known,- will amount to nothing. No argument for either side need be based on the assertion that it “only is. for the rich.” A little common sense tucked into the voluminous game laws will settle the matter for all time. If the Union wishes to perform a public service we would suggest that it give publicity to the new United States law which per- mits rich and poor on game farms and preserves to shoot the ducks they pro- duce and to sell them. It would be highly proper to permit rice growers to shoot wild ducks which may cause damage and they should own the ducks they shoot and sell them if they wish to do so. A little shooting, no doubt, would drive most of the ducks away. We personally know hundreds of places where tens of thousands of shells are used annually because there is game to shoot. We have visited many of these places and most if not all of them have traps and trap shooting. Now that the game laws permit the clubs and preserves to make their own bag limits and season limits a thousand cartridges are used where one or none was used before. We have taken the opportunity more than once to wander beyond club boundaries in order to sample the game found in the neighborhood and we are just old fashioned enough to enjoy the ramble and the shooting on the outside where it costs nothing as much as we enjoy the shooting on the protected areas. The vast bays and public marshes have al- ready been improved in the matter of shooting by reason of the birds reared THE GAME BREEDER about private ponds deciding to quit the game when the shooting became lively. We heard a reader in the South say he had no doubt some of the birds came to him from preserves, and we were pleased to hear him mention several advertisers to whom he sent orders. Importation of Quail from Northeastern Mexico. E. W. NEtson, Chief of Bureau of Bio- logical Survey. Notice Regarding Permits. Under authority of law, notice is hereby given that, until further order, permits issued or which may be issued under the “Regulations Governing the Iniportation of Quail into the United States from Northeastern Mexico,” ap- — proved and effective Novembe: 13, 1916, will authorize the entry of such quail only between February 15 and April 10, inclusive, in each year. D. F. Houston, Secretary of Agriculture. Washington, D. C., January 24, 1918. Amendment to the Regulations. Effective March 8, 1918, Laredo, Tex., is hereby designated as a port of entry for quail from Northeastern Mexico, in addition to the ports of Eagle Pass, Tex., and New York, N. Y., designated by regulation 2 of the “Regulations Gov- erning the Importation of Quail into the United States from Northeastern Mex- ico,’ adopted and approved November 13, 1916, and issued as Service and Reg- ulatory Announcements, Biological Sur- vey, 13, on November 20, 1916. Quail from Northeastern Mexico will be admitted at Laredo, Tex., under and in conformity with all the provisions, conditions and requirements of the aforesaid regulations of November 13, 1916. W. G. McApboo, Secretary of the Treasury. D. F. Houston, Secretary of Agriculture. Washington, D. C., March 8, 1918. THE GAME BREEDER 137 HUNTING TRIPS OF A RANCHMAN. (Cre. following quotations are from the admirable book, “Hunting Trips of a Ranch- man,” by Theodore Roosevelt. They are good examples of his style when writing about sport.) Grouse. On this occasion we had a stiff-jointed old pointer with a stub tail, and a wild young setter pup, tireless and ranging very free (a western dog on the prairies should cover five times the ground neces- sary for an eastern one to get over) but very imperfectly trained. Half of the secret of success on a shooting trip lies in getting up early and working all day; and this at least we had learned, for we were off as soon as there was light enough by which to drive. The ground, of course, was absolutely fenceless, houses being many miles apart. Through the prairie, with its tall grass, ‘in which the sharp-tails lay at night and during the day, were scattered great grain fields, their feeding grounds in the morning and evening. Our plan was to drive from one field to another, getting out at each and let- ting the dogs hunt it over. The birds were in small coveys and lay fairly well to the dogs, though they rose much far- ther off from us in the grain fields than they did later in the day when we flushed them from the tall grass of the prairie (1 call it tall-grass in contradistinction to the short bunch grass of the cattle plains to the westward). Old stub-tail, though slow, was very staunch and care- ful, never flushing a bird, while the pup- py, from pure heedlessness, and with the best intentions, would sometimes bounce into the middle of a covey before he knew of their presence. On the other hand, he covered twice the ground that the pointer did. The actual killing of the birds was a good deal like quail shooting in the East, except that it was easier, the marks being much larger. When we came to a field we would beat through it a hundred yards apart, the dogs ranging in in long diagonals. When either the setter or the pointer came to a stand the other generally backed him. I* the covey was near enough both of us, otherwise whichever was closest, walked cautiously up. The grouse generally flushed before we came. up to the dog, rising alto- gether, so as to give only a right and lenge When the morning was well advanced the grouse left the stubble fields and flew into the adjoining prairie. We marked down several covies into one spot, where the ground was rolling and there were here and there a few bushes in the hol- lows. Carefully hunting over this, we found two or three covies and had ex- cellent sport out of each. The sharp- tails in these places lay very close and we had to walk them up, when they rose one at a time, and thus allowed us shot after shot, whereas, as already said, ear- lier in the day we merely got a quick right and left at each covey. At least half of the time we were shooting in our rubber overcoats, as the weather was cloudy and there were frequent flurries of rain. We rested a couple of hours at noon for lunch and the afternoon’s sport was simply a repetition of the morning’s ex- cept that we had but one dog to work with; for shortly after mid-day the stub- tail pointer, for his sins, encountered a skunk, with which he waged prompt and valiant battle—thereby rendering him- self for the balance of the time wholly useless as a servant and highly offensive as a companion. The setter pup did well, ranging very freely, but naturally got tired and care- less, flushing his birds half the time; and we had to stop when we still had a good hour of daylight left. Nevertheless we had in our wagon, when we came in at night, a hundred and five grouse, of which sixty-two had fallen to my broth- er’s gun and forty-three to mine. We would have done much better with more serviceable dogs; besides I was suffering 138 all day long from a most acute colic, which was anything but a help to good shooting. Antelope. For some time after leaving the creek nothing was seen until, on coming over the crest of the next great divide, | came in sight of a band of six or eight prong- horn about a quarter of a mile off to my right hand. There was a slight breeze from the southeast, which blew diagon- ally across my path towards the ante- lopes. The latter after staring at me a minute, as I rode slowly on, suddenly started at full speed to run directly up wind, and therefore in a direction that would cut the line of my course less than half a mile ahead of where I was. Knowing that when antelope begin run- ning in a straight line they are very hard to turn, and seeing that they would have to run a longer distance than my horse would to intercept them, I clapped spurs into Manitou, and the game old fellow, a very fleet runner, stretched himself down to the ground and seemed to go almost as fast as the quarry. As I ex- THE GAME BREEDER pected, the latter, when they saw me run- ning, merely straightened themselves out and went on, possibly even faster than before, without changing the line of their flight, keeping right up wind. Both horse and antelope fairly flew over the ground, their courses being at an angle that would certainly bring them together. Two of the antelope led, by some fifty yards or so, the others, who were all bunched together. Nearer and nearer we came, Manitou in spite of carrying niyself and the pack behind the saddle, gamely holding his own, while the ante- lepe, with outstretched necks, went a‘ ai: even, regular gait that offered a strong contrast to the springing bounds with which a deer runs. At last the two lead- ing animals crossed the line of my flight ahead of me; when I pulled short up, leaped from Manitou’s back, and blazed into the band as they went by not forty yards off, aiming well ahead of a fine buck who was on the side nearest me. An antelope’s gait is so even that it of- fers a good running mark; and as the smoke blew off I saw the buck roll over like a rabbit, with both shoulders broken. SHOOTING FOXES ON LONG ISLAND. By H. J. MontAanus. Mr. A. Wischerth, Howard Voorhies, Frank Rausch, James M. Ashton, Hon. C. Krabbe and the writer paid a visit to Middle Island Club on January 20th to celebrate the eighty-second birthday of our worthy honorary member, Mr. James M. Ashton, of Middle Island, Long Island, N. Y., who evidently had arranged with Mr. Jonas Coleman of Lake Grove, L. I., to bring some of his fox hounds and give the members a hunt. On Tuesday morning a start was made at 7 a. m.; conditions were excellent and in less than fifteen minutes from the time the first hound gave tongue Mr. Reynard was on his way. Oh, such music on a sharp, still and pretty morn- ing can only be appreciated by those who know! Well, after chasing this cunning cuss for more than an hour, he was finally headed off by our young member. Mr. Howard Voorhies, who registered his first kill, and arrangements were im- mediately made to have the pelt tanned and incidentally to decorate the cozy home in Brooklyn. Wednesday was a perfect day and the members enjoyed two runs which never will be forgotten. The hounds were started to the east and west of Bartlett Road. Once two foxes were jumped THE GAME BREEDER very nearly at the same time. Well, somehow the Reynards crossed about a mile or so north and then the trouble began. he hounds finally straightened out one of the varmints and suspecting that Mr. Fox, who had gone west, would make a short turn when he found he was not being hounded. I retraced my steps for about two miles south to the vicinity where I thought he had been jumped and taking my stand where I had a good view of the likely places for him to run, in a shorter time than I can write it, I espied Reddy pacing through the c.nter of the lots west of my stand. It was amusing to watch his antics. He would pace a short distance, squat, turn his head, start off again, look back (and I am certain he was doing a heap of thinking) and away again until he reached the place where I lost sight of him and I had given up hopes of seeing him again. He was evidently resting, for, to my great surprise, out he came in the center of the lot at the end of which I was keeping guard, and failing 139 to give the proper passward to satisfy the safety of the ducks, geese, chickens and game, he was doomed to join the silent majority with the rest of the game enemies. This will ever remain a green spot in the memories of those who attended this hunt. Everyone went home happy, aches, pains, colds, insomnia all disap- peared. I cheerfully recommend Mr. Jonas Coleman and his pack of hounds to any who are city sick. Take a few days off during the open season. Fill your lungs with pure, free oxygen, giving new blood and energy to the body and know from your own experience what it means to enjoy a genuine sleep after a good day’s hunt. It is an old English saying that the death of one stoat means the life of many partridges. Our Middle Island Clubmen have learned that the death of some foxes, crows and hawks surely gives us good quail shooting. WHAT GROUSE OWNERS SHOULD DO By D. W. HuntTINGToN. The Grouse would have been exterminated ere this but for the intervention of land owners and lessees of shootings.—Rev. H. G. Macpherson. The intervention of land owners which Dr. Macpherson, an English writer, says saved the grouse in Great Britain should teach American sportsmen that there is a way to save our prairie grouse, sharp- tailed grouse, sage grouse and also the woodland grouse, the familiar partridge of New England and the dusky or blue grouse of the western mountains. The reason why the grouse were saved from extinction in Great Britain is that it paid to save them. While they were about it in the older country they not only saved the grouse but also made them tremendously abundant, so plentiful in- deed that in some years the birds suf- fered from an epidemic which probably was due to an overabundance. The land owners who intervened to save the grouse soon ascertained that the birds more than doubled the value of their lands and there are stories of Americans who went to Scotland to shoot grouse, paying more for a few weeks shooting than the lands sold for a few years be- fore the grouse were preserved by prac- tical methods. Now that the protective associations seem determined to put the ruffed grouse on the song bird list where the splendid prairie grouse has been for many years (in most of the grouse states) it would 140 seem wise for American land owners and sportsmen to intervene and insist that the grouse on farms and ranches where their owners look after them properly be not classed longer as singers but that they be placed on the food and sporting list so that they can be kept protitably plentiful. All that is necessary is for the farmers, ranch owners and sports- men who wish to save the grouse to in- sist on short amendments to the state game laws, providing that they shall not apply to grouse on farms and ranches whose owners may declare their intention to make and to keep them profitably plen- tiful. No good reason can be assigned why a land owner should not produce food on his farm if he wishes to do so either for sport or for profit, or for both, since sport can be made to show a de- cided profit as soon as the laws permit the land owners to have grouse. How absurd it seems to say that it should be criminal to profitably produce food on a farm or ranch! If some of our readers will undertake to write to the governor of their state and ask him if he believes it should be criminal to produce grouse on the same terms that pheasants, sheep, horses, cat- tle and various grains and vegetables are produced they quickly can ascertain if a small politician or a statesman occupies the office of governor. A_ statesman quickly will decide that the grouse should be saved; that those willing to produce the food profitably should be permitted to do so and not arrested on account of their industry. When the question of game production was squarely put up to the Congress of the United States re- cently, and the Congressmen had the op- portunity of reading the argument in The Game Breeder, quickly they decided to amend the pending bill so that it says “Nothing in the act shall be construed to prevent the breeding of wild fowl on farms and preserves and the sale of the birds in order to increase our food sup- ly.” : Any governor or legislator in an agri- cultural state who would say that the farmers must continue to be threatened and even arrested for producing grouse THE GAME BREEDER profitably on the farms should not make much of a showing at a subsequent elec- tion. How would the farmers vote should a candidate appear on the ticket who recently had secured a law making it a crime to produce poultry on the farm? All intelligent sportsmen admit that the farmer has the right to post his land against grouse shooters and all other trespassers ; all sportsmen with any com- mon sense know that grouse shooting must be prohibited if no one looks after the birds. As the matter now stands the farms for the most part are posted against shooting, the laws also prohibit the shooting of grouse, both the prairie grouse and the sharp-tailed grouse—the two desirable grouse of the open coun- try—and no one ever has any grouse to eat. There is room enough in all of the big grouse states for all of the sports- men who wish to do so to have fine grouse shooting every year at very small expense beginning August 12th, if the Scottish date be adopted, and lasting un- til the birds pack late in the fall and become too wild to afford good shooting. The laws should give the land owner the right to preserve his grouse profit- ably if he wishes to do so. He should have the right to take birds and eggs’ for breeding purposes. He should rent the shooting to those who will properly look after the birds and keep them plen- tiful if he wishes to do so. Some of the grouse states, no doubt, will adopt this program this year. Our readers who own grouse easily can bring the matter up in any state and it will be a silly crowd that will appear, if any does appear, in opposition to the common sense which should govern the matter. The Game Breeder will give full pub- licity to any legislative hearings where common sense may be discussed. Many readers of The Game Breeder have hun- dreds of grouse on their farms and ranches; they practically own them but as we have pointed out the shipping fa- cilities for the food are not as good as they should be. No one wishes to take a chance of being arrested for shipping THE GAME BREEDER the food after he has produced it on the farm. Grouse are the easiest game birds to produce in big numbers, inexpensively. The Game Breeder will furnish full in- formation about the best methods of pro- ducing a few thousand dollars worth of grouse each season which will be bene- ficial and not detrimental to the farm. The farmers and ranch owners easily 141 , can have their laws amended so as to make grouse breeding a legal industry. All intelligent sportsmen favor the idea and The Game Breeder will take the field and help in a hearty manner in any state where readers may wish to inter- vene and save the grouse from extinction by making them profitably plentiful. The people will enjoy seeing the food abun- dant in the markets. NOTES FROM THE GAME FARMS AND PRESERVES. Readers are requested to write letters for this department. ing part of the magazine.—Editor. Pole Traps. Traps for hawks and crows should be placed on high poles in order not to catch quail and song birds as they will if placed on fence posts. i The traps should not be set on poles near nests of quail or grouse, otherwise. the trapped hawks will alarm the setting bird. Ground Traps. Ground traps should be used abun- dantly to take cats and other ground ver- min. A trap baited with fish will prove very attractive to cats and skunks. The ground traps should be sprung in the daytime, otherwise they may catch and destroy game birds. Old traps not set but simply placed near nests are said by game keepers to be effective in keeping foxes away from nesting birds. Prizes. A number of prizes of live game will be awarded to readers who write the best letters, giving their experience in game breeding during the year. We hope to give some prairie grouse and ruffed grouse as prizes and we believe we will be able to do so. We certainly will if the laws are amended so that we can procure the birds. Other things being equal our prizes will be awarded to breeders whose ar- ticles are not written by large adver- It should be the most interest- tisers whose articles are beneficial write- ups. We are glad to help the advertis- ing in this way but the beginners need our encouragement more than the old hands do. Incubators. We especially request our readers to write their experience in hatching game eggs in incubators. Letters should con- tain accurate details of the temperature, number of eggs placed in incubator, num- ber hatched and the percentage of birds reared to maturity. Details of feeding the young and the methods of rearing with bantams, other fowls or game birds, etc., will surely interest our readers. We would strongly advise breeders. who hatch grouse and quail eggs in in- cubators to transfer the young birds to. old grouse and quail and to give some of them liberty in protected gardens. when the birds are quite young. Experiments ‘on these lines will be: made on our experimental game farms. and we hope to print the experiences of others who rear game in a similar man- ner. Articles about the breeding of wood duck, teal and other wild fowl besides the easy mallards are requested. Fields Attractive to Game- Often we have pointed out the impor- tance of keeping fields attractive to game. 142 There should be some cover and some food in or at the boundaries of the fields, otherwise the game can not live in them. The following quotations from the book on the English partridge of “The Fur, Feather and Fin) Series” indicate that game breeders in England appreci- ate the fact that modern farming often is not good for the game: “The destruction of old-fashioned double hedges, the transformation of commons and moorlands into highly farmed tillage, the conversion of tillage into grazing farms, changes in the crops we grow, should all be taken into con- sideration by any one who essayed to show the close relation which the part- ridge bears to its native soil. “Of course there are careful observers up and down the country who declare the partridge has fallen upon hard times. They complain dolefully enough ‘that wire fencing is in the ascendant, and that the old-fashioned hedges which gave good cover to the birds in the nesting time have been grubbed up in many in- stances. They point mournfully to the general adoption of new-fangled meth- ods of farming, and lament the substi- tution of the mowing machine for the scythe.” Readers are aware that much of this applies equally well to our quail or par- tridge, the bob white. Some American farms are practically uninhabitable for quail because the covers have been de- stroyed and no one would expect to find quail on hay farms and cattle ranches unless some food and cover be planted at the sides of the fields or small areas be set aside and especially planted for the game. Sportsmen and Farmers. Mr. A. J. Stuart-Wortley, an author- ity on shooting in England, well says: “Advice can not go much farther than to insist again upon the policy, not to say necessity, of cultivating harmonious relations with those whose business it is to extract profit from the soil, who live upon it, and who therefore if not al- lowed to participate in some of the bene- fits derived from a stock of game will be THE GAME BREEDER apt to view its existence with a more or less hostite envy.” The chief reason why game vanishes in America is that it is not to the land owner's interest to have any game on lus farm. Our readers weli remember the Minnesota farmer, quoted in one of the sporting magazines, who told his son he would better shoot the flock of prairie grouse on the farm since the season soon would be open when the dudes from town would come out in good numbers and kill them. Clearly we must make it to the farm- er’s interest to keep the game plentiful and we easily can make proper arrange- ments to have shooting on many farms when we make it profitable for the owners. Where a number of guns combine to share the expense of keeping the game plentiful the cost for each gun should not be much and the game shot is well worth the cost of producing it and look- ing after it properly. Form of Law to Encourage Game Breeding. Sec. 1. Any farmer, ranch owner or lessee may apply to the state game de- partment (name the department as game commission or state game warden as the name may be) for a permit to breed game within the boundaries of the prop- erty owned or leased by the applicant. Nothing in the game laws shall be con- strued to prevent the breeding of game on game farms and preserves and the sale of the game under proper regula- tions in order to increase our food supply. The state shall issue permits to ap- plicants permitting the breeding of game and the taking of game and eggs for breeding purposes and may make reg- ulations requiring the identification of game to be sold as food by marking of packages or the branding or tagging of the game before it is offered for sale. Sec. 2. Live game and game eggs on game farms, ranches and preserves may be sold by those holding permits at any time for propagation purposes. Sec. 3. The state game department (ERS GAME DR EIS D ER miay issue licenses to dealers in game to be sold as food and the charge for suci licenses shall be $............ Any dealer who sells game excepting game bred on game farms and preserves and properly iden- tified shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be fined in the sum of 6........... for each bird sold in violation of law, and upon conviction shall forfeit his license to deal in game. Duck Eggs and Owls. My dear Mr. Huntington: Have just read in The Game Breeder that I had been awarded a special prize for one of my articles. I am very much flattered and I assure you I appreciate it highly indeed, -so much more so be- cause of the fact that I am a great ad- mirer of you and your sanity in respect to the proper handling of the game ques- tion. If I may say so without offense my views coincide with just about every- thing you say or write. While I most sincerely thank you for the good will shown me, let me fervently wish for the success of your campaign in which I should like to enlist as a private. Go to it, Mr. Editor. Have written to all possible sources of supply as you suggested. In view of the fact, however, that I have so far been unable to secure any eggs at all, may | not further pester you to the extent of asking for some Canadian breeder’s ad- dress who could furnish me with pure- bred eggs? I have over a dozen an- swers to my inquiries, each and every one of them stating that they are all sold out. I thought you might possibly know of some Canadian source, hence my re- quest. Another great horned owl trapped; the third one in four weeks. There must have been a great flight of them coming south even though the winte1 seems to be rather an open one. Thanking you for past favors, I re- main, Yours for more game, Z. Yed DeKalmar. ———— New breeders are starting weekly and they all join us. 143 GEORGE SIMPSON. Since our last issue went to press the sad news came of the death of George Simpson, head game keeper for the Long Island Game Breeders Association, who conducted our experiment with Gambels quails last season. He came to us from one of the preserves on Cape Cod, Mass., when his employer went into the serv- ice, and he was undoubtedly one of the ablest and most skilful game keepers in America. He was an excellent breeder of pheas- ants and wild ducks and trained dogs nicely. He was besides much interested in experimental work and was exactly the right man in the right place. There are no better game keepers than George Simpson was. He leaves a wife and two handsome young children, a boy and a girl. Crow Prizes. The Du Pont Company is offering prizes in a crow contest and advises the use of crow-calls. A sure way to win a prize is to use a decoy owl. The crows will come to this nicely and in good num- bers, presenting easy marks to the am- bushed gunner. Sauter, the taxidermist, can furnish the decoy owls and they surely will produce the crows. His ad- vertisement is in this issue. Members of the game breeders association will find an owl decoy at the clubhouse and they are welcome to all the crows on the pre- serve. Opinion of Mr. Carney. Mr. Peter Carney, who ably conducts the National Sports Syndicate, is a most capable and fair judge of what should be right and proper in the matter of game shooting. In a recent letter he says: “I agree that game clubs should be encouraged just as much as trap shooting clubs. My function in life at this time is to write trap shooting news articles. I know little or nothing of game and game shooting clubs, therefore I am not in a position to write small ar- ticles about this line of work. I have asked others who should be interested in game bird protection to write something 144 from time to time, but they didn’t seem at all interested. So I have to cop some stuff from yours and other outdoor books and use them from time to time.” The Wild Pigeon. Mr. M. T. Richardson sends a clip- ping from the Sun about the wild pigeon. The writer, Arthur F. Rice, believes the pigeons must have suffered from some disease which exterminated them. This idea is untenable since it would not seem possible that the pigeons suf- fered from disease in zones from east to west which was the order of their disappearance. |. Cooper in the Pioneers gives a graphic account of the countless flocks which darkened the sky in central New York. Long after the pigeons became: scarce or extinct in the region they were tre- mendously abundant in Ohio and Indi- ana. As a boy the writer saw the vast flocks which were just as Cooper de- scribes them. Later I saw the pigeons abundant in Wisconsin where I shot many.,of them. We believe the explanation of their extermination is that they could not stand the excessive shooting, trapping and nest robbing which followed them westward, in addition to the losses due to vermin. The pigeons no doubt re- lied on numbers in order to survive their enemies. Hawks found them easy marks. Their nests were exposed to crows and other enemies. When they were deci- mated by man their numbers became too small to satisfy the needs of their nat- ural enemies and they disappeared be- cause nature’s balance was upset in the wrong direction just as the wild turkey vanished in Ohio after laws were en- acted prohibiting shooting at all times. There were not enough birds left to sur- vive their enemies. The F ederall Law. United States Department of Agricul- ture, Bureau of Biological Survey Washington, D. C., January 18, 1919. —We certainly do propose to enforce the federal law throughout the country, and we are glad to have our attention DEE GAMIS REE DR called to the fact that ducks are being unlawfully hunted on the Illinois River. We will at once have the matter inves- tigated by our representative in Illinois. While the bureau is considerably handi- capped because of the limited funds pro- vided for the enforcement of the migra- tory bird treaty act, it will do every- thing possible to deter persons from vio- lating the law, and where the evidence justifies will commence immediate prose- cution in the federal courts. Federal open season for waterfowl i Illinois closed on December 31st, and it is now unlawful to hunt such birds in that state. E. W. Nelson, _ Chief of Bureau. Good Reason for Selling Dogs. Numerous advertisements of setters and pointers for sale appear in the Amer- ican Field the reason for selling being stated—quail and grouse shooting are prohibited. Ten Commandments or More. More-gamelawist: “You wouldn't call a man a Christian who constantly violates every one of the ten command- ments, then why should you call a man a sportsman who goes afield with gun and dog and disregards nearly every game law made for the preservation of game?’’—American Field. More-gameist: But you should re- member there are only ten command- ments, all directed against wrongdoing, while no man living knows how many game laws there are, many of which, as the Alabama orator was forced to ad- mit, create numerous crimes, containing no “moral turpentine’—such as having eggs in possession for breeding purposes for example. Granting that only 500 new game laws will be enacted this year (a very modest estimate), containing only three new crimes each, you must ad- mit that it is easier to learn ten com- mandments than it is to learn 1,500 new ones ; and besides the ten are not changed every season. Don’t you think it would be a good compromise for you to have all the laws you want on your farm and THE GAME BREEDER to let me produce all the game | wish to on mine, provided it is used “in order to increase our food supply?” Game Law Novelties. The Sportsman’s League of Pennsyl- vania has decided that the open season for black birds should begin August 1 instead of September 1. ; Another resolution provides that th Frog Law passed by the last Legislature be so amended as to permit the having in possession by licensed dealers in and sellers of frogs of more than 25 frogs at one time; and also be so amended as to permit the use of lights in taking frogs at night during the month of July only, with a creel limit of 12 per man per day, and a season limit of 48 for any indi- vidual.” Other interesting resolutions provide: “That red squirrels should be stricken from the absolutely protected list to this extent, that the owner of any property or his authorized agent should be per- mitted to kill red squirrels on his own land at any time, when he finds them doing damage to property, birds or game; “Resolved, That before a deer may be killed for doing damage the Game Com- mission must be notified and the damage proven ; “Resolved, That bear may be captured during the open season in pens (not steel traps) providing such pens are con- structed in such manner that bear will not be injured, and that pens be visited by their owner every 24 hours and also ' providing the locaton of each pen be given the Game Commission in writing before it is used, and that any such pen shall be destroyed or closed as soon as one bear has béen taken therein in any open season.” Since it is proposed to have the ruffed grouse on the song bird list for a time and a job lot of quail procured from Mexico soon will be exterminated by vermin and the guns, it is interesting to learn that sportsmen can start in on black birds August 1; kill red squirrels on their ‘own land when they are doing damage, take one bear in a pen trap and have 145 12 frogs at a time. A sub-committee on game legislation was instructed to have bills drawn and introduced carrying out the above resolutions and numerous others, so that the legislature can look forward to a long season. Since one of our members has been able to produce and sell hundreds of deer to the State it would seem wise: for the State to encourage breeders to pro- duce grouse and quail in good numbers on game farms and preserves so that the State will not be obliged to send money to Mexico to purchase birds We believe the wild duck industry is to be encouraged. We are sure the sportsmen will like it. Easily they can produce thousands of ducks on ponds where there are none. Incubators The Game Conservation Society at its experiment stations has proved that the incubator is useful.on the game farm and preserve. This year the society has been especially interested in quail and a record, no doubt, was made in success- fully hatching both bobwhite eggs and the eggs of the Gambel’s quail at the same time in an incubator. Only a few years ago it was thought impossible to use the incubator for hatching wild duck, pheasant and other eggs. Some of the gamekeepers in America expressed doubts about the pos- sibility of hatching wild ducks in incu- bators but a study of the experiments made with incubators in England satis- fied the editor of The Game Breeder that it could be made very useful on both game farms and preserves. Wild duck eggs which were purchased in England were successfully hatched in an electric incubator in a store in New York under most unfavorable conditions. The store was closed over Sunday and they were not looked after and did not have sufficient moisture. Even the dealers in incubators ex- pressed doubts to the editor if it was possible to hatch game eggs in the in- cubator. Game eggs were comparatively scarce at the time and very high priced: for this reason it did not seem wise to 146 experiment. The Game Conservation Society, however, can afford to ‘take risks in all its experimental work since the failures as well as the successes have a commercial value as news for readers of The Game Breeder. As a result of the experiments made by the Society many readers are in- duced to try experiments and an increas- ing number are beginning to correspond with those interested in publishing The Game Breeder. — Work of a Small Ad. One of our advertisers in sending a subscription for the magazine says: ‘“Al- low me to tell you that my little ad in your most widely read paper has brought me more money than advertisements in twelve other papers all put together. It certainly flooded me with letters and or- ders.” We are always gratified but not sur- prised when advertisers write to us. It is pleasing to know that we are doing some good in the world. We much pre- fer to do good than to denounce wrong- doing. It is not surprising that adver- tisers get good returns. The Game Breeder is read probably by every man, woman and child in Anrerica who can afford to buy a deer or a game bird and by all sportsmen who have any game to shoot. Most of these people know that The Game Breeder is their friend since it helped to make it possible for them to have game in their possession, and to sell it if they wished to. It is not at all surprising that these people should heed our advice and purchase from our friends, the advertisers, in the magazine. It is a good time for the game breeders to keep in close touch with each other and to support the paper which is their best friend, and the conservation society which will defend them to the best of its ability when any of them are arrested for “food producing” or attempting to engage in this laudable industry. We al- ways can furnish wide publicity for wrongdoing and whenever we can we will furnish the money to defend game breeders when they are improperly ar- rested. The few enemies the magazine THE GAME BREEDER has are enemies of common sense and they know it since we have told them so. Information Wanted. The biological survey writes that it wishes to procure information concern- ing every hunting club or other organ- ization whose object is the hunting or preserving of game of any kind. It wishes the names of officers, location of hunting grounds, etc. Our readers who apply for licetises can send this informa- tion. FOUNTAIN FOR ROOSEVELT. Lovers of Nature to Erect Magnificent Bird Fountain as Memorial to Their Great Leader. New York, January 27.—Announce- ment was made today that the National Association of Audubon Societies and its affiliated state organizations, bird socie- ties and sportsmen’s clubs throughout the country will at once begin the work of providing for the ultimate erection of a notable work of art to be known as the Roosevelt Memorial Bird Fountain. T. Gilbert Pearson, the secretary of the association, who originated the plan, stated today that the enthusiastic manner in which the idea was being received al- most swept him off his feet. “There 1s not the slightest doubt,” said Mr. Pear- son, “but what the lovers of out-of-door life will combine to support this tribute to our great fallen leader. Colonel Roosevelt was the most forceful cham- pion of wild life conservation the world has ever produced. He exposed the school of sham nature writers and drove them to cover under the stinging appella- tion of nature fakers. He encouraged by example, by influence and by contri- butions the work of scientific natural history study. As president he estab- lished the principle of the United States bird reservations and by executive or- der created thirty-eight of these federal! bird sanctuaries. As a hunter he taught the world lessons in straighty clean sportsmanship.” It is understood that the most eminent THE GAME BREEDER sculptors in America will present plans for the memorial bird fountain and that when completed it will be not only the most unique but one of the handsomest works of out-of-door art in the United States. Its location will be probably in New York or Washington city. A na- tional committee of nature lovers and sportsmen is rapidly being formed to ad- vance the project. Suggestions and ap- provals are pouring in to the offices of the association, 1,974 Broadway, and a formal call for support will be made 1. a few days. Several members of the game conser- vation society report that they own sev- eral hundred prairie grouse but all. say the shipping facilities for these birds are still very bad. One of our members says he owns over 500 prairie grouse, that his birds easily can be trapped and he offers to give us some for the experimental farm, pro- vided we will procure shipping permits. The shipping facilities in this state ‘‘are rotten.” State game officer reports that he is helpless and can not issue any per- mits to even take a few birds for breed- ing purposes.” An amendment to the law certainly is needed and if the state game officer does not advocate this it surely will be evident to the farmers and to all intelligent sportsmen that a new game officer is needed. =—— = Some Guns for the Gun Room. The Remington guns evidently are growing in popularity and now that many duck pre- serves are being started which afford rapid shooting at wild ducks we are quite sure there will be an increased demand for rapid shoot- ing guns, 147 We observed several of these guns recently at a wild duck shoot and some good scores were made with them. They are an excellent gun to have in the gun room so that members who shoot at the trap can practice up for the fall shooting, Many game keepers keep a Remington handy and kill a lot of hawks and other vermin with it. Some small rifles are also seen at the clubs and preserves and at one of these places we enjoyed seeing an attractive group of ladies shooting at the targets. One of our members reports that he uses a small rifle effectively on cats and other ground vermin. It is a good plan to have various kinds of guns in the gun room and a good stock of suitable ammunition so that parties who go out in the summer can have some target shoot- ing as well as trap shooting. Small Bore Guns. Many-of our readers enjoy taking trout with light rods and even big fish are taken with light equipment in the southern and western waters. Small bore featherweight shot guns are equally interesting. For quail shooting, which rapidly will be restored in the statees where it is now pro- hibited (we are sure this will be done) and for upland shooting in the numerous states which still encourage field sports and which have enacted game breeders laws to perpetuate them, the 20 guage guns will be found an at- tractive addition to every sportsman’s outfit. The light weight of the gun is desirable in upland shooting and the ease with which the little gun can be handled makes it very effec- tive when shooting in the brush. Several of these guns, made by Parker Brothers, Meriden, Connecticut, were used on the preserve of the Long Island Game Breeders’ Association last fall and they attracted much attention. An in- teresting little booklet describing these guns has been issued and it is filled with instructive matter about the relative patterns of large and small bore guns; the sperad of shot in small bores; the desirability of small bores, etc., and there is an interesting table of ballistics. This little book is well worth reading and it is for free distribution. Our readers can procure it by writing to the Parker Brothers, Meriden, Connecticut. : A Parker 20 Gauge 148 “The Game Breeder PuBLISHED MONTHLY Epitep sy DWIGHT W. HUNTINGTON NEW YORK, FEBRUARY, 1919. TERMS: 10 Cents a Copy—$1.00 a year in Advance. Postage free to all subscribers in the United States. To All ForeignCountries and Canada, $1.25. THE GAME CONSERVATION SOCIETY, INC. PUBLISHERS, 150 NASSAU ST., NEW YORK D. W. Huntineton, President, F. R. Peixotrto, Treasurer, J. C. Huntineton, Secretary. E. Dayton, Advertising Manager. Telephone, Beekman 3685. A western reader says he has over one hundred prairie grouse which he has been feeding for some years. He also reports bad shipping facilities. reader says the birds are useless for shooting since the state law prohibits this and, of course, he would not let any one shoot birds on his farm. He is not op- posed to shooting but he says, “the dudes from town” soon would exterminate his little flock if he permitted shooting. He thinks the birds might as well be de- stroyed since they “are no good to any- body” excepting that his cat eats a few young ones and the crows have some eggs and “no doubt some young chick- a eho HARMONY. Our first impression when we learned that the United States would require that all wild ducks intended for sale should be branded when young by making a V-shaped mark on one foot was that this was an extra and unnecesary perform- ance in view of the fact-that the states require a five-cent tag on one foot of every wild duck before the ducks can be marketed. The game breeding industry is ham- pered by state licenses and by the tags referred to, and by many other regula- tions, States regulations created additional This’ and it seemed that the United THE GAME BREEDER hardships, especially when they provid- ed that the ducks only could be taken with a hatchet or “otherwise than by shooting.” Since, however, the United States reg- ulations permit the taking of birds and eggs for breeding purposes and the reg- ulations have been amended, as we ad- vised, so as to permit wild duck breed- ers to shoot and sell their ducks, we are inclined to advise our readers to ap- ply for the United States permits and to brand their young ducks as the regula- tions require. It soon will become evident that the five-cent tags are unnecessary and we have no doubt intelligent state game of- ficers will recommend that they be abol- ished. There is a tendency everywhere to amend the state laws so as to make them ‘conform to the United States law and there can be no doubt that in states where game breeders are permitted to breed wild ducks they soon can sell them and ship them without interference, pro- vided they have the identification brand on one foot. We know the United States biological survey now believes that it is a good plan to make North America the biggest game producing country in the world and there can be no doubt that the game breeders who are increasing in numbers. rapidly will be encouraged to produce game and not prevented from profiting by their industry. We take far more pleasure in praising the right than in denouncing the wrong and we see much to praise in the pres- ent activity of the biological survey since it promptly favored a repeal of the regu- lation preventing field sports. Let us all pull together for “more game and fewer game laws” and the most reasonable reg- ulations intended to please those who think that the wild game should never be eaten by any one excepting gunners. Although we still entertain the opinion that after anyone takes a wild fowl le- gally and within the bag limit he should own the duck or goose taken and that under proper regulations he should be permitted to supply some of the food to THE GAME BREEDER those who do not shoot with as much freedom as gunners do in the older coun- tries where there is more freedom than there is in America, we are inclined in the spirit of harmony to waive our opin- ion on this point even if some of the twenty-five ducks legally shot in a day be wasted. When it becomes evident, as it soon will, that America has more game than any country in the world we have no doubt that arrangements can be made so that the people who are said to own the wild game can have some of it to eat. Meantime the breeders will con- tinue to supply the food and the indus- try certainly is profitable. CK ROOSEVELT. One of the best known and strongest figures of our time, a thoroughly devout American, is dead. Soon after leaving Harvard Theodore Roosevelt went to what was then known as the far west, where soon he was active as a ranch- man, living and working with his cow- beys. At his Elkhorn ranch on the Lit- tle Missouri he became an expert rough- rider, sharing the hardships of many round-ups with his men. There were a few straggling bison, or buffalo, on the plains and in the bad lands near the ranch; the wilder antelope, the black- tailed or mule deer and the common Vir- ginia deer were fairly plentiful. Sharp- tailed grouse and sage cocks were com- mon on the grassy plains and on the more desert areas where the artemesia or wild sage grows. Wild geese and ducks came to the river and these birds were plentiful on the little ponds and marshes, some nested in the locality. In his excellent book, “Hunting Trips of a Ranchman,” the one which natural- ly interests us more than any other, Roosevelt describes the shooting of all of the game mentioned and also his trips after elk and bear. The outdoor post- graduate course was an excellent prep- aration for the. strenuous manly life which followed. About the time that Roosevelt was conducting his ranch at the eastern boun- daries of the vast plains utilized for cat- 149 tle raising the writer made a shooting trip with some officers of the army into the Sioux country where the bison and other big game abounded, starting sev- eral hundred miles west of the Elkhorn ranch. When the book, “In Brush, Sedge and Stubble,” in which the wri- ter described the game birds shot on this trip appeared, a letter promptly came from the governor of New York, praising the book as “the best thing that has been done.” The hearty, unsolicited praise from the author of “Hunting Trips of a Ranchman” was characteris- tic of the generous, many-sided Roose- velt who had an enthusiastic liking for books and writers. Roosevelt preferred the rifle to the shotgun. “To my mind,” he wrote, “there is no comparison between sport with the rifle and sport with the shotgun. The rifle is the free man’s weapon. The man who uses it well in the chase shows that he can at need use it also in war with human foes.” But he was “far from decrying the shotgun.” “It is al- ways pleasant,’ he wrote, “as a change from the rifle, and in the eastern states it is almost the only firearm which we now have a chance to use.” He enjoyed shooting grouse and other feathered game and was not averse to big bags when the opportunity offered and the game shot could be used as food. His liking for’ field sports was coupled with an interest in natural history and his stories of the chase are often accom- panied with notes about the habits of the game. He attributed his good health to his fondness for outdoor life and he set a good example for the youth of America which should enable them. to silence those wno would decry sport. Upon one occasion when we were writing an article for a magazine of gen- eral circulation a letter came from Roosevelt containing a forceful opinion which seemed to fit in well with what was written and we used a quotation from the letter. After the article had been mailed to the magazine it occurred to us that we were giving publicity to a private correspondence without permis- sion and we suggested to the editor of 150 the magazine that anotuer article be sub- stituted for the one in hand in order that we might get permission before using the latter. An answer to our request came promptly: we were asked to visit the White House to discuss certain phases of the subject. Unfortunately there were good reasons why we could not possibly leave New York at the time. The whole subject soon was necessarily laid aside; a presidential election was held and Roosevelt went off to Africa. Partisans who differed in their opin- ions with Roosevelt recognized an able antagonist but all fair-minded men rec- ognized a true and patriotic American whose popularity was countrywide. The public career of Roosevelt is an open book to every one and his good deeds in public life have been fully written by abler pens than ohrs. Our readers will be interested in the quotations from his best book on sport printed on another page. Several memorials are proposed which should be erected. One which will at- tract our readers has been suggested by Professor T. Gilbert Pearson, secretary of the Audubon Society, and in propos- ing it he refers to the great interest which Roosevelt always took in the cre- ation of national parks for game and. res- ervations for birds. > 0 o—___— LEGAL MISTAKES. _ A mistake has been made in America in presuming that all that is necessary to produce an abundance of game is an abundance of laws providing that for $1 per year any one can shoot up the farms, and providing that no one should kill more than 25 or some other number of birds in a day during an open season. Such laws, it was believed, when sup- plemented by laws prohibiting anyone from taking eggs or birds for breeding purposes and prohibiting the sale of game alive or dead would keep the game plentiful and the shooting good. There are scientific reasons why this is impos- sible. The biggest mistake was made in presuming that the farmers would enjoy seeing millions of guns shooting state THE GAME BREEDER game in their fields and woods, often killing poultry and farm animals. Quickly most of the farms were posted against all gunners. Since too often the signs were not heeded, it soon became easy to secure laws closing the shooting for terms of years or forever, and sportsmen who observed that the game was vanishing have consented often to such laws in the hope that some day they may have another interval when they can proceed to take a sporting chance on the far ends of the posted farms. The Game Breeder has advanced the idea that it would-be far better for all hands to encourage the production, the shooting and the sale of game on private places where the public has no right to shoot without permission. On all places (and this includes most of the American farms) where permis- sion 1s required, the shooting is quite as exclusive as it is in places where game is produced, and where those who pro- ° duce it shoot enough to send some to market. \Why prevent production on such places ? A very big mistake was made when a legal system was built on the idea that no eggs or birds should be taken for propa- gation, or, in other words, that it must be legal only to destroy and not to create. An, equally big mistake was made when the laws provided that those who produced game by industry could not sell the food produced and could not even shoot the birds produced in states where closed seasons were in force. When closed sea- sons are necessary, as we have pointed out often, the producers of game should be excepted. To say that any producers must not eat, sell or shoot for a certain season, puts an end, of course, to all production for the period, if not for- ever. As we have said, the arresting of a producer for having stock birds in his possession, or for shooting or marketing them, is a very poor way to encourage production, There is absolutely no danger of all the land being preserved; the country’s too big. . There“ is «more danger of many places being made gameless, where no game can occur by reason of drair- THE GAME BREEDER ing or agricultural operations or over- shooting, than there is of their being too many posted farms converted into game producing plants under agreeable ar- rangements between their owners and those who may be willing to produce game on them as an additional crop for sport or for food. In America and England There are syndicates of sportsmen who share the expense of a game keeper and there are individuals, by no means rich, who produce game for sport and for food. There are men and women owning small country places, who intro- duce and look after their game and sell it as food. One of them, Capt. Oates, a retired English officer, described in his clever little book on wild ducks how he provided good shooting for himself and his friends at practically no expense, since he sold enough ducks to pay the cost of production. There are many game farmers who make a living selling game and eggs for breeding purposes. in America there are hundreds of thousands of square miles of good shoot- ing land where not a single game bird is ever shot or eaten legally. There are many more hundreds of thousands of square miles of posted farms where no sportsman is permitted to fire a gun. There are thousands of miles of desolate fields and woods where not a single game bird can be found. The posted area rap- idly is increasing. In all cases where the sportsmen arrange with the farmers to utilize the posted areas and to have an abundance of game they harm no one. By providing sport for themselves they necessarily provide sport for others since the abundant game overflows. By shoot- ing in places where shooting was pro- hibited they leave the shooting on public lands and waters for those who prefer to shoot on such areas. The important matter just now is the food question. Admitting that game can be made abundant and cheaper than poultry by utilizing the lands closed to sport, Mr. Burnham says: “We do not want that system; we do not want to adopt the sale of game which goes with it.’ Fortunately Congress decided it was 15] not what Mr. Burnham wanted but what the Game Breeders claim is right. Before the Migratory Bill passed (and we are inclined to believe that before it could get past many intelligent men in the Congress) section 12 fortunately was added. Section 12 provides that: “Noth- ing in this act shall be construed to pre- vent the breeding of migratory game birds on farms and preserves and the sale of birds so bred under proper regu- lations for the purpose of increasing the food supply.” Some people don’t want the sale of game: some people do. The do’s seem to have won. The Biological Survey now has a chance to make America the biggest wild food producing country in the world within two years’ time. We will help much now that the Survey has arranged liberal regulations for the procuring of breeding stock. It should issue bulle- tins inviting attention to the utilization of waste swamp lands and ponds on many of which not a single wild fow! is seen to-day. A big legal mistake was made, in my opinion, when we decided that any one who legally takes a game bird does not own it. A worse mistake was made in some States when we decided .that those who produced the game birds by industry do not own them. I have observed a shocking waste of food due to such an interpretation of the laws and big food producing plants have been closed, rural laborers have been discharged and the value of farms and country homes has been sadly depreciated by such nonsense which never occurred until our game was made a political football. CORRESPONDENCE. Ringnecks the Best. The Game Breeder, New York City. Gentlemen :—Kindly write me if kinds of pheasants of the followin breeds are suitable for eating: English ringnecks, golden, Lady Amherst and silver. New Hampshire. Clinton Lovell. (All good but ringnecks are better and cheaper.—Editor. ) 152 A Valuable School. The’ Game Conservation Society. Enclosed please find card signed with my address and one dollar for a subscrip- tion to The Game Breeder. The Game Breeder is a very valuable school to all persons interested in the conservation of game and hunting. I can see the wonderful result gained for all hunters and farmers if they will carry out the new method of conserva- tion of game in America. It gives me pleasure to cooperate with your society in the good work and after the first of the year I will send you a list of names of the persons I feel con- fident we can interest in the work here. i 12 Jal, It is interesting and gratifying to read the mail which contains many letters sim- ilar to the above. Every sportsman as soon as he understands the “more game and fewer game laws’ movement be- comes an enthusiast for it because he knows that it will soon put an end to “song-bird” nonsense, “otherwise than by shooting” nonsense, “closed season’’ nonsense and much other nonsense which the late dean of sportsmen had in mind when he said: “Truly we need a revolution of thought and a revival of common sense.’ Gray Partridges- Editor, Game Breeder: May I ask a little information about Hungarian partridges? Are they as easy to raise as ringneck pheasants? Are they as good a bird for the table as the pheasant ? California. E. H. Moulton. (Partridges are best reared wild in protected fields. A few are hand-reared as pheasants are by keepers in the older countries. Fully as good as pheasants on the table. Some pre- fer them.—Editor. ) Interesting. Game Conservation Society: Yours at hand. Regards to same en- closed find check for $1.00 for year’s subscription to The Game Breeder. I THE GAME BREEDER find same very interesting. Wishing you success, I am, Ohio. AS We Deans —_—° Quail in Mississippi. Editor, Game Breeder: Will you kindly advise me if quail may now be reared and bred in confine- ment and if they may be sold and shipped out of the state. Is there any demand for them? In other words, do you think it would be profitable to take up the ; breeding of quail? Can you advise me what kind of traps are best for trapping qua and advise where they may be obtained? | ; Mississippi. d VEG: (We are quite sure that quail may now be reared and bred in confinement in your state and that probably birds so produced may be sold and shipped out of the state. We believe if you legally acquire stock birds and if by your industry you produce this highly desir- able food, your courts will hold that laws in- tended to protect wild quail which are said to be owned by the state because they have no other owner, do not apply to quail which you have purchased and their eggs and young. Otherwise the courts must hold that the legis- lature intended to make food production a crime in Mississippi. The tendency of the courts is in the opposite direction. There is a tremendous demand for live quail for breeding purposes. The demand is‘ posi- tively without limit and the price paid~ for Mexican quail, $24 to $30 per dozen in large lots (by the thousand in fact), indicates that quail breeding will be very profitable in your state as elsewhere. Quail lay many eggs when confined in pens; provided the eggs are gath- _ ered daily they persist in laying and the eggs sell readily at from $4 to per dozen. The ordinary figure four trap baited with corn is much used to trap quail. Wire traps such as are used to take up pheasants and quail nets also are used to advantage.) “The Biggest Game Producing Coun- try in the World.” Editor Game Breeder: I am glad to note the interest you are taking in having our State law amended so that it will conform with the regu- lation under the Migratory Bird Law. It sure will be a fine thing, if possible to do this, and I see no reason why it can- THE GAME BREEDER not be done if the State Legislature will listen to common sense. You are sure doing some mighty fine work in having the laws amended so that in a very short time there will be no question that America will be the big- gest game producing country in the world. Few people seem to realize that in time, not very far distant, that there . would be no wild game left in the coun- try if action was not taken to curb some ‘of the. fool laws made by State Legisla- tures. Yours very truly, " Jos. W. TuRNER. (America rapidly is becoming a big game producing country.- The reports which come to this office of places where over 25,000 game eggs are sold and the reports of new game farms and preserves being started are gratify- ing. The Devil himself could not stop the movement now.—Editor.) Editor of The Game Breeder, 150 Nassau Street, New York. Dear Sir—Will you kindly advise me as to where I can purchase for propaga- tion purposes 150 to 200 pair quail? I 153 am enclosing self-addressed stamped envelope. Thanking you for this favor, I] am, Yours for more game, J. E. LawrENCcE. South Carolina. (Write to our advertisers and by all means have your laws amended so as to permit the shipping of quail for breeding purposes by breeders who will produce thousands of quail. It is absurd to send money to Mexico for quail when some good quail farms and ranches can pro- duce them profitably in the United States. The State game departments ‘should get all the quail they want from American breeders. It is legal to destroy quail ground by rearing sheep and cattle. It should be legal for a land owner to produce a profitable lot of quail if he wishes to do so. Your representative in the legislature surely can have the law amended so that it will not be criminal for a farmer to produce any kind of plants or animals. A section like section 12 in the Migratory Bird Law is all that is necessary.—Editor. ) Wild Bik Book It is now legal to trap Wild Ducks and other Waterfowl for Breeding Purposes. Our Wild Fowl and Waders. A handsomely Illustrated Book, written by the Editor of the Game Breeder, tells how to trap wild ducks and how to rear the birds, for sport or for profit. There are chapters on the forma- tion of wild duck club preserves; the enemies of wild ducks and how to control them; the shooting of ducks, etc. Price, $2.00 Postpaid The Game Conservation Society, Publishers New York, N. Y. 150 Nassau St. 154 THE GAME BREEDER FENCES FOR GAME PRESERVES _.,The accompanying photograph shows one of our Non-Climbable “RIOT”’ fences, erected by us, with our indestructible steel fence post 8 feet high, surrounding the Yale Bow! Field, New Haven, Conn. This fence held in check 80,000 people who attended the Harvard- Yale Game, November 25th, 1916, and 60,000 people who attended the Princeton-Yale Game, November 13th, 1915. We have this fence and many other excellent designs. It will be to your advantage to secure our Catalogue, that shows many of the best erected fences in this country; also tells about our posts in detail; how to erect a fence; how to paint the fence wire to keep it from rusting. Become acquainted with our fence building system. It will save you many dollars and a great deal of worry. Fences for every purpose, with either straight or non-climbable post, tennis court back stops, etc., erected by our trained men anywhere. J. AH. DOWNS 38 ROOSEVELT AVENUE Suite A JERSEY CITY, N. J. RIVER LAWN GAME FARM R. H. SIDWAY GRAND ISLAND, ERIE CO., N. Y. Young Pheasants for Fall delivery extra fine, healthy non-related birds. My birds are raised for my own shooting and are very strong on the wing. Member of The Game Guild. Member American Game Breeders Society. = Phone, 9286 Farragut FINE FURS THE HONEYSWEET BLACK RASPBERRY JOHN MURGATROYD Best for Home and Market Taxidermist The bushes make good cover for game, 57 WEST 24th STREET Strawberry and Asparagus Plants. Price Lists Free. Bet. Broadway and 6th Ave. NEW YORK A. B. KATKAMIER MACEDON, N. Y. Finest Work at Reasonable Prices Call and See for Yourself FREE FOUNDATION STOCK | } Te Breeders ng Taner Rew i i i i devoted to the breeding and marketing of ducks furnished! to) raise) Rabbits,” Cavies) (or geese, turkeys (including the wild varieties), rab- Pigeons. Send dime for particulars and bits, cavies, pigeons, etc. Organ of the American paper. Buttercup Club, and Waterfowl Club of America. Interesting and instructive articles by able writers. Young’s Tanning Compound, easily applied to any skin, large can $1.00, trial can 50c. Tattoo Ear 50c a Year, 3 Years for $1.00 Marker $1.50. Ear Tags 30c per dozen. Gibson’s Canada 75c a Year, 3 Years $1.75 wonderful Rabbit Book $1.00. Cavy Book 50c. Special Trial Offer in U. S., 8 Months for 25c Squab Culture, a recognized authority on raising ‘ pigeons for profit, $1.00. AD. RATES: 75c an inch, or for 3 months or more at rate of 65c an inch Classified, 2c a word. ress NATIONAL FANCIER & BREEDER = gt dA ae RR 335 South East Avenue, Oak Park, Ill. 1558 Dickson Ave., Scranton, Pa. ge SE In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: “Yours for More Game.” THE GAME BREEDER 155 OUR FEATHERED GAME Our Big Game A manual on American Game Birds with shooting illustrations in color, and bird portraits of all American Game Birds. A manual on the big game of North America with pictures of all big game animals. By D. W. HUNTINGTON By D. W. HUNTINGTON Editor of The Game Breeder Editor of the Game Breeder PRICE $2.00 PRICE $2.00 WILD DUCK FOODS Wild Celery, Sago Pond Weed. Widgeon Grass, Red-Head Grass, Chara and other foods which attract water fowl. We have the best duck foods which will attract and hold the game and which impart the finest flavor to the flesh. We plan and arrange the plantings suitable to all waters. GOOD SHOOTING DURING THE OPEN SEASON Iam prepared to entertain a number of sportsmen who wish to shoot wild geese, Canvasback and other wild ducks and quail, snipe, etc. Only small parties can be properly looked after. Appoint- ments to try the sheoting and learn about the wild duck foods are made by correspondence. J. B. WHITE WATERLILY, CURRITUCK SOUND, NORTH CAROLINA Member of THE GAME GUILD Game Wanted @ We are in the market to buy game birds and deer raised on licensed game preserves. \Viemicam suse quantities of venison, pheasants and mallard duck raised on licensed game farms and preserves which can be sold in New York State throughout the year but coming from points outside of New York State preserves must also have the New York State License in order to be permitted to ship in this State and be sold here. If you have game to sell, let us hear from you. House of FX: Silz 414—420 West 14th Street -:- NEW YORK CITY Cable Address, SILZ, NEW YORK, Telephone, CHELSEA 4900 In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: ‘Yours for More Game.’ 156 THE GAME BREEDER NE EVAN Ls SKARZAWVrra - Asn Wild Mallard Ducks and Ringneck Pheasants WRITE FOR PRICES Scarboro Beach Game Farm R. E. BULLOCK, Manager SCARBORO, - MAINE. Member of the Game Guild We Furnish Eggs in Season <2 => <= aa wv S22 AZ PROFITS IN FUR FARMING Learn about the wonderful Black Fox Industry which has proven so profitable to breeders. Read the Black Fox Magazine, the only Decoy Owls for Crow and Hawk Shooting oa paper of its kind in the world. =a Established 1860 Telephone 4569 Spring SAMPLE COPY FREE. FRED SAUTER Subscription $1.50 per year. Leading Taxidermist of America 42 Bleecker Street ; New York City Corner Lafayette Stree! Subway Station at the Door THE BLACK FOX MAGAZINE He “a Specialist in All Branches of Taxidermy 15 Whitehall Street, New York Write for Illustrated Catalogue In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder of sign your letters: “Yours for More Game.” THE GAME BREEDER We Are Now Booking Orders for Eggs for Spring Delivery from the following vari- eties of pheasants : Silver, Golden, Ringneck, Lady Amherst, Formosan, White, Mongolian, Reeves, Swinhoe, Versicolor. Impeyan, Soem- merring, Manchurian Eared, Melanotus, Black- throated Golden, Lineated and Prince of Wales. Also Wild Turkeys, Japanese Silkies, Long- tails, and Mallard Ducks. S. C. Buff Orping- ton and R. I. Red fowls. We also offer for sale five varieties of Peafowl. Also Crane, Swan and Fancy Ducks, Doves of several varieties. Deer. Jack Rabbits Send $1.00 in stamps for Colortype Catalogue CHILES & COMPANY MT. STERLING KENTUCKY Member of The Game Guild Member of The American Game Breeders Society 157 TOO LATE TO CLASSIFY WANTED—ALL KINDS OF PHEASANTS, OLD and young. Write me quick. E. V, BILLSTONE, Jamestown, New York, 1t PHEASANTS WANTED I will buy ringnecked pheasants regardless of sex as long as they are strong, healthy birds, large and not over two years old. Will purchase small or large num- bers for cash. Reference by permission to the Game Breeder. ROBT. BOWMAN, care Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York, N. Y. BANTAMS—GOOD GENTLE BIRDS SUITABLE for quail and pheasant breeding. JOHN E, DARBY, Prop., Maplehurst Poultry Farm, Croswell, Michigan. BANTAMS--WILBERT’S FAMOUS BANTAMS. Forty varieties. Shipped on approval. Catalog 3¢. F. C. WILBERT, Grand Rapids, Michigan. GAMEKEEPER, SITUATION WANTED. PRAC- tical and reliable manager and head gamekeeper of gentleman’s shooting preserve. Handler and trainer of high class shooting dogs. Widely experienced here and abroad in breeding, rearing and developing puppies; skilled shot, expert trapper of vermin, Aiso a thorough expert on rearing game. A capable man to show sport, References. J. H. WISE, 214 East 68th St., New York. it RUFUS REDS, GAME BIRDS, FURBEARERS Our literature of National Show Champions, Rufus Reds. How we raise and sell them at pop- ular prices, also price list pheasants, game birds and fur-bearing animals, FREE on application. W. F. KENDRICK, President, The Ameri- can Game Association, Denver, Colorado. FOR SALE, WELL-BRED SETTERS Dogs Trained for; Shooting. Young Dogs Suitable for Training. ‘WRITE FOR PRICES THE! RIVER? LAWN KENNELS; Grand Island DOGS HOUNDS—ALL KINDS. BIG 50 PAGE CATALOGUE 10¢. ROOKWOOD KENNELS, Lexington, Kentucky, THE BLUE GRASS FARM KENNELS, of Berry, Ky., offer forsale setters and pointers, fox and cat hounds, wolf and deer hounds. Coon and opossum hounds, var- mint and rabbit hounds, bear and lion hounds, also Aire- dale terriers. All dogs shipped on trial, purchaser to judge the quality, satisfaction guaranteed or money re- funded. Sixty page, highly illustrated, instructive and interesting catalogue for ten cents in stamps or coin, AIREDALE TERRIERS. The genuine one-man dog. Pedigreed, registered pups. Males $25.00._ Females, $15.00, Guaranteed Satisfactory. L. E. GALLUP, 2209 Ogden, Omaha, Nebraska. Member of The Game Guild§ Erie Co., New York EGGS TWO THOUSAND PHEASANT EGGS FOR SALE. Pure Chinese, $3.50 per dozen, Ringnecks, Golden, Silver and Mallard Duck, $3.00 per dozen, $20.00 per hundred. CLASSIC LAKE WILD FOWL FARM, Manzanita, Oregon, 4t RINGNECK PHEASANT EGGS FOR SALE. $25.00 per 100. Golden Pheasant Eggs, 60c. each. Day old Pheasants, 60c. each. Booking ordersnow. Mrs. EDGAR TILTON, Suffern, N. Y. 5t STOCK AND EGGS OF RINGNECKS, LADY Amherst, Golden and Silver Pheasants. Wild strain Mallards, Japanese Silkies, Buff Cochin Bantams. ‘*Ringlet’’ Barred Plymouth Rock Chickens. Peafowl. ae IVER CHRISTENSON, Jamestown, Kansas, 0. 1. 6t In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: ‘““Yours for More Game.” -158 THE GAME BREEDER Breeders’ Cards WILD TURKEYS Pure Bred Wild Turkeys Eggs in Season MARY WILKIE Beaver Dam, Virginia Member of the Game Guild PHEASANTS, PIGEONS AND EGGS. Pheasants, Amherst, Silver, Gold- en, Reeves, Mongolian, Swinhoe, Versicolor, Ringnecks, Cochin Bantams, White King Pigeons. Eggs in Season. BLUE RIBBON POULTRY AND PHEASANT FARM Davenport Neck, Phone 655, New Rochelle, N. Y. Member of the Game Guild. REGISTERED BLACK FOXES, TROUT & HARES. Rugged pups, bred on highest ranchin America. 1917 Breeding Record. 8 litters from 8 females. Also Mountain Brook Trout. Milch Goats. Belgium and Flemish Hares. BORESTONE MOUNTAIN FOX RANCH Onawa : Maine Member of the Game Guild. PHEASANT EGGS AND PHEASANTS Pheasant eggs for sale up to May 15, $25.00 per: hundred. 110 eggs sent for cash with order after May 15, $20 per 110 eggs. Pheasants for Sep- tember and October delivery. Write for prices. GEORGE BEAL, Levana Game Farm, R No. 1, Englishtown, New Jersey. LIVE GAME, ELK, DEER, WILD Turkeys, Quail, Pheasants, Ducks, and all other game. Eggs in season. See space advertise- ment. W. J. MACKENSEN, Yardley, Pa. Member of the Game Guild. QUAIL QUAIL Bobwhite Quail, Eighteen Dol- lars pen gece piue or Scaled Quail, FifteenDollars per dozen. TWO Twenty yeast experience in handling quail. afe arriva SPECIES guaranteed. PAN AMERICAN BIRD CO., Laredo, Texas. DARK MALLARD Black Duck, Mallard Hybrids , These ducks are reared on free range Sage ALBERT F. HOLMES 8 Bosworth St., Boston, Mass. Member of the Game Guild BREEDER OF FANCY PHEASANTS Eggs inseason. Amhersts, Silver, Golden, Versicolor, Mongolian, Reeves, Ringnecks, Manchurian, Elliott, Swinhoe, Impeyan, Mela- notus, Soemmering. GRAY’S GOLDEN POULTRY FARM Gifford Gray, Orange, New Jersey Member of the Game Guild. DR. FRANK KENT Importer Bob White Quail San Antonio, Texas. Book your orders now for early Fall and Spring delivery. Bank references. Member of the Game Guild. ’ SEA CLIFF PHEASANTRY We have nearly all.of the rare pheas- ants and cranes, also white, Javaand black shouldered Japanese Peafowl. sale. lars. BALDWIN PALMER Villa Serena, Sea Cliff, Long Island, N. Y. Member of the Game Guild. 6t PHEASANTS ENGLISH, RINGNECKS White Guineas and White Cochin Bantams Baby Pheasants and Eggs in Season THE HIRSCH POULTRY YARDS 45th Place, Lyons, Illinois Pearl WILD DUCKS The practical rearing of wild ducks = is fully described in the illustrated book, ‘‘Our Wild Fowland Waders, ’’ written by the Editor of the Game Breeder. Price $2.00 post paid. { gh ae — THE GAME CONSERVATION Fe 4 — : SOCIETY, Publishers ee eee 150 Nassau St., New York ¢ Sine In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: ““Yours for More Game.’ THE GAME BREEDER GAME BIRDS All American game birds are fully described in the illustrated book, “*Our Feathered Game,’’ written by the Editor of the Game Breeder Price $2.00 For sale by THE GAME CONSERVATION SOCIETY 1560 Nassau St., New York GOLDEN, SILVER, AMHERST, REEVES and RINGNECK PHEASANTS. All pure bred, strong healthy birds. Must be seen to be appreciated. Prices reasonable. Eggsin season. THOS. F. CHESEBROUGH Northport, Long Island, N. Y. WATER FOWL. | can supply nearly all species of wild water fowl and eggs at attractive prices. Mallards, Pin- tails, Teal, Canvasbacks, Red Heads, Gadwalls, _Widgeons, Spoonbills, Canada Geese, Snow Geese and other wild ducks and geese Write, stating what you want. GEORGE J. KLEIN, Naturalist Ellinwood, Kansas Mallard-Pintail PHEASANTS AND PHEASANT EGGS. | Chinese Pheasant Eggs, ~ yi $25 per hundred. Chinese 2+—A\VA4 Pheasants for Falldelivery. -" 4 Mrs. G. H. ROBBINS, Route 2, Hood River, Ore. CLASSIFIED ADVERTISEMENTS Announcements inserted under this head in small type for 3 cents per word. If displayed in heavy type, 5 cents per word. No advertisement accepted for less than 30 cents. Postage stamps accepted in payment. THE GAME BREEDER 150 Nassau Street New York City EGGS FOR HATCHING—PHEASANTS—ENGLISH Ringneck, $35.00 for 160 eggs. English Ringneck, $3.60 per clutch, Golden, $55.00 for 160 eggs. Golden, $6.00 per clutch. Cash with order. Satisfaction guaranteed. OCCONEECHEE FARM, Poultry and Game Depart- ment, Hillsboro, North Carolina. 8t RABBIT AND HARE SOCIETY OF CANADA Breeders should write for constitution and by-laws. JOHN E, PEART, Secretary, Hamilton, Ontario, 12t LIVE GAME AMHERST, REEVES, SILVER AND MONGOLIAN Pheasant eggs $5.00 a dozen, two dozen, $9.00, Chinese Ringnecks, $3.50 a dozen, $25.00 a hundred. Mongolians, $35.00 a hundred ‘“‘ Pheasant Farmirg,’’ illustrated, 50c. SIMPSON’S PHEASANT FARM, Corvallis, Oregon. 2t FOR SALE—ENGLISH RINGNECK PHEASANTS, field raised, full-winged, from unrelated stock, JOHN BUTLER, Easton Game Farm, Danielson, Route 1, Conn, 2t YOUNG GOLDEN AND AMHERST PHEASANTS, 1918 hatch, ready to breed this Spring. Per pair, golden, $10.00; Amherst, $12.00. G. L. DAVIS, Mt. Sinai, 1, dag) Ilo She at WILD TURKEYS—For prices see display advertisement in this issue. W. J. MACKENSEN, Yardley, Bucks County, Pa. PHEASANTS FOR SALE—RINGNECKS, SILVER, Goldens, Mongolians, Formosan, Prince of Wales, Lady Amhersts, Reeves, Swinhoes, Melanotus, Versicolor, Man- churian Eared, ROBINSON BROS., Aldershot, Ontario, Canada. 3t PURE BRED WILD WATERFOWL AT FOLLOW ing prices: Mallards, $3.75 per pair. Pintails, $3 25 per pair. Green Wing Teal, $5.00 per pair. Blue Wing Teal, 3.75 per pair. Also redheads, Gadwalls, Widgeons, anvasbacks, Spoonbills, at reasonable prices, for propa- gating and scientific purposes. GEORGE J. KLEIN. Ellinwood, Kansas. FOR SALE—RINGNECK PHEASANTS, MALES $3.00, hens $4.00. LULU H. CURRY, Roseville, Ill, HOYT’S CALIFORNIA PHEASANTRY, PRICELIST. FRED D. HOYT, Hayward, California. GRAY STAR PHEASANTRY Breeder of all kinds of pheasants. Eggs in season. Pure brand, strong, healthy birds for sale. GIFFORD GRAY, 21 Ward St., Orange, N. J. FOR SALE—Pheasants and eggs. Everything in the pheasant family. Pamphlet with order free. BUCK- WOOD PHEASANTRIES, Dunfield, Warren Co., New Jersey. (tot) QUAIL, PARTRIDGES, WILD FOWL, DEER AND other animals. See display advertisement in this issue. WM. J. MACKENSEN, Proprietor Pennsylvania Pheas- antry and Game Park. CANADA WILD GEESE AND THEIR GOSLINGS— A limited number for sale now—the surest way to start breeding this species. We are the oldest and largest breeders of Canadas in this country. Black and White Swans,Wild Ducks, etc., forsale. WHEALTON WATER FOWL FARMS, Chincoteague Island. Va. FOR SALE—60 PHEASANTS. GOLDEN, SILVER, Lady Amherst, Reeves and English, Mandarin Ducks and Black Cochin Bantams, GEORGE H. LINDEMAN, 1522 Juneway Terrace, Chicago, Illinois. it WANTED—WHITE PEAFOWL, EITHER SEX. Pied Peafowl, Soemmerring, Cheer, Hoki and German Peacock Pheasants, Ruffed Grouse, and White Squirrels. Also Swinhoes; state price and number. R.A. CHILES & CO., Mt. Sterling, Ky. HAND RAISED MALLARD DUCK AND DRAKES $1.50 each. JOHN KIERSCHT, Logan, Iowa. at Pheasants Wanted WANTED. ELLIOTT, MIKADO, SATYR, TRAGOPAN and Linneated Pheasants. Mature birds only. Write A. J. MERLE, Alameda, Cal. ot In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: “Yours for More Game.” 160 THE GAME BREEDER Notice to Purchasers. Purchasers can rely upon advertisers in The Game Breeder. The Game Conservation Society has a committee known as the Game Guild, which investigates complaints promptly and insists upon fair dealing under a penalty of dismissal from membership and the loss of the right to advertise in the magazine. There are very few complaints in a year, for the most part due to shipments of eggs. These have been uniformly adjusted to the satisfaction of the seller and purchaser. ( Any member making a complaint should state that in placing his order he mentioned the fact that it was due-to an advertisement in The Game Breeder. All mem- bers of the Society are urged to buy from those who support the publication by advertising in it. FIVE VARIETIES OF PHEASANTS. WILD DUCKS. -Wild Geese, Brants, Wild Turkeys and other Game, List for stamp. G. H. HARRIS, Taylorville, Illinois. 4t FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE—FOR FANCY DUCKS, geese or pheasants. 15 pair of 1918 hatch Muscovey ducks. 15 pair 1918 pit games. Grey’s, Spangles, and Black Breasted Reds. Genuine pit birds. Ducks $8.00 per pair, $10.00 per trio. ED. J. MEYER, Meyer Lake Stock Farm, Canton, Ohio. at WILD TURKEYS FOR SALE, LARGE, HARDY specimens. Satisfaction guaranteed. LEWIS COMPTON, Dias Creek, New Jersey. 2t FOR SALE—PURE MONGOLIAN PHEASANTS, C. W. SIEGLER, Bangor, Wisconsin, at FOR SALE—SEVERAL MATED PAIRS OF PURE bred black ducks, $5.00 per pair. Domesticated as pets but from wild eggs. ARROWHEAD, Milton, Vt. 2t THE BLACK SIBERIAN HARE IS OF ENORMOUS size. It grows faster, matures and breeds earlier than any other rabbit, but best of all is its delicious meat and beautiful fur. Write for information and _ prices. SIBERIAN FUR FARM, Hamilton, Canada. 6t GLENWOOD PHEASANTRIES, HADLYME, CONN. Ringneck phaesant eggs for sale. Price $25.00 per 100. R. K. McPHAIL. 4t FOODS WILD DUCK FOODS Wild duck food plants, and seed, Wild Celery, Sago Pond Weed, Widgeon grass, Red head grass, Chara and other kinds. There are hundreds of thousands of acres of water marshes where these, the best of duck foods, will grow and hold the game. Write and learn how to do it, WHITE’S GAME PRESERVE, Waterlily, N. C. Currituck Sound, DO YOU BUY MEXICAN QUAIL AND THEN LET them die, because of change of diet from green food and insect life in abundance, to dry grain? Let the change oj diet be gradual, using Meal Worms as a substitute for insect life. 500 at $1.00; 1000 at $1.50; 5000 at $5.00, all express prepaid. See November 1918 Game Breeder, page 42, last paragraph. C. R. KERN, Mount Joy, Penna. 1t GAMEKEEPERS GAMEKEEPER, HEAD, WISHES SITUATION. Thoroughly experienced, rearing pheasants and wild ducks. Also the trapping of vermin, care and manage- ment of dogs, deer, decoys, boats, etc. Apply to W., care of The Game Breeder, 150 Nassau Street, N. Y. City. 1t HEAD GAMEKEEPER’S SON SEEKS SITUATION as gamekeeper. 11 years experience and 11 years good references. Understands all duties. Age 25 years. Apply DAVID GORDON, Hadlyme, Conn. 1t WANTED — POSITION AS MANAGER ON GAME farm or shooting preserve. Long experience raising game birds. Understand raising and training shooting dogs, and trapping vermin. A. S. B., care of Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York, N. Y. WANTED. SITUATION AS GAMEKEEPER. EX- perienced on game rearing and dog training. Married. Apply H. careof THE GAME BREEDER, 150 Nassau St., New York. GAMEKEEPER DESIRES SITUATION, THOR- oughly understands all duties, etc. Best references from Europe and this country. M. J. F., care of The Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York City. 4t WANTED SITUATION—A GAMEKEEPER FAMIL- iar with pheasant and poultry rearing, I have also had experience in-general farming and can plan the planting for game. BRUCE LANE, care of Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York, 6t WANTED—SITUATION AS.GAMEKEEPER, THOR- oughly experienced in rearing Pheasants, Wild Turkeys and Wild Ducks. Good references. GAMEKEEPER, 463 East 57th St., N. Y. C. rt MISCELLANEOUS FOR SALE—GAME FARM, TWO HUNDRED AND fifty acres, Twenty-eight deer. Fine new log bungalow. Fine hunting. A beautiful home. Price $60.00 per acre. Owner G. D. GORNS, Purdue, Douglas éo Oregon, at RINGNECK PHEASANTS, $5.00 A PAIR. GOLDENS, $10.00 a pair. Guaranteed strong and in the pink of con- dition for Spring breeding. Order now as I havea limited supply of birds. LILLIAN E. GALLUP, 2209 Ogden, Omaha, Nebraska. t BREEDING STOCK OF PHEASANTS FOR SALE —-Ringnecks, Silver, Goldens, Mongolians, Formosan, Prince of Wales, Lady Amhersts, Reeves, Swinhoes. Melanotus, Japanese Versicolors, Manchurian Eared, ROBINSON BROS,, Aldershot, Ont., Can, “THE RANCH BRED FOX,” THE BEST BOOK published on Fox farming. Tells all about this wonderful industry. Price 25c, postpaid. THE BLACK FOX MAGAZINE, 15 Whitehall St., New York. WANTED—PARTY TO TAKE HALF INTEREST IN a well established wild fowl farm. Address ‘‘OWNER,”’ care of The Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., N. Y. C. 1t WANTED, A SMALL COUNTRY PLACE ON LONG Island with a house of six or eight rooms and land suit- able for farming. State acreage, location, price and terms. B. J., care Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., N. Y. WANTED TO RENT, WITH PRIVILEGE OF purchase, Long Island farm with good buildings. Place must have a small pond or stream suitable for ducks. GAME PRESERVE, care Editor Game Breeder, 150 Nassau Street, New York. {nm writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: “Yours for More Game.” Quail, Bobwhites and Other Species NOW IS THE TIME TO BUY QUAIL FROM Mackensen Game Park I carry the largest stock in America of live game birds, ornamental birds and quadrupeds. ‘Also Pheasant Eggs by the 100 & 1000 I am prepared to fill the largest orders for Pheasants and Eggs, and for years I have filled practically all of the large State orders for both Partridges and Pheasants. a All Pheasant Eggs Are from My Own Pens Pheasants My Pheasant pens hold thousands of ‘Pheasants and I am prepared to furnish these birds in large numbers to State de- partments, individual breeders and preserves. Wild Duck Mallards, Black Duck, Teal, Wood-Duck. Pintails and other species can be supplied in large numbers at at- tractive prices. Also Mandarins and all other water fowl. Now is the Time to Buy Wild Turkey Eggs ~ —AND— Wild Turkeys ; I am now the largest breeder and dealer in Wild Turkeys and can supply these birds in good numbers to State Departments and preserve owners. I carry the largest stock in America of ornamental birds and animals. My ponds now contain nearly 200 beat Royal Swans of England I have tine lot of the beautitul pink FLAMINGOES and the very large Europeae PELICANS. Also STORKS, CRANES, PEAFOWL, fancy GEESE and DUCKS. My pheasant pens contain over a thousand Ringneck and fancy PHEASANTS. All stock is kept under practically natural conditions. I have 60 acres of land entirely devoted to my business. Can also promptly furnish BUFFALOES, DEER, LLAMAS, RABBITS, etc Orders booked during summer. fro I have for years filled practically all the large State Orders and have bett facilities for handling large orders than any other firm. : Write me before buying elsewhere—it will pay you to do so. _ Your visit salicited. T am only 60 miles from New York and 30 miies from Philadelohia WM. J. MACKENSEN YARDLEY. BUCKS COUNTY, PA. | Department V. Game Farm or Preserve A large tract of land suitable for a game farm or preserve is Offered for sale at an attractive price. The land is near New York on a good Automobile Road and contains a large pond and stream. There. are some trout and the waters can be made to yield large numbers of these fish. The land is suitable for deer, upland game and wild ducks. I shall be pleased to show this property to anyone wishing to start a game farm or preserve. The place is within fifty miles of the City and can be reached by Automobile in an hour and a half. For particulars address, OWNER Care Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York ani) sinéle PAVED ONUTARAAR UNAM MD ELUGAHLYR HELLS a wats Sing le Copies 10 VOL. XIV MARCH, 1919 THE OBJECT OF THIS MAGAZINE IS TO MAKE NORTH AMERICA THE BIGGEST GAME PRODUCING COUNTRY IN THE WORLD CONTENTS Survey of the field—“It Couldn't Be Done’—Notes From South Carolina—Game Increase or Decrease—Sane Legislation—The University Investigation—A Simple Game Breeders’ Law —Oysters, Fish and Clams— Advice to Mr. Morrison Game Shooting Clubs : - - D. W. Huntington Cotton-tail Rabbits in Relation to Trees and Farm Crops D. E. Lantz The Massena Quail - - Elliott Coues Notes from the Game Farms and Preserves - By Our Readers Egg Percentages—Contract Rearing—A Good Order—Wild Ducks—Duck Eggs—Teal and Other Shoal-water Ducks— Foxes and Nests—Fox Hounds on the Preserve—Lures and Charms—Increase in Game With Cats Killed—Aviary Pheasants—Ringnecks—Number of Pheasant Eggs and Chicks—The Kitchen Garden—Traps for Pheasants and Ducks—Hawks Fight Over Rabbit. Editorials — Farm Game—Trapping Game—Deer and Rabbits on the Farm. Published Monthly.€ Entered as second-class matter, July 9, 1915, at the Post Office, New York City, New Verk, uncer the Act of March 2, 1870. Ge aan fe ‘ee RS SS a ee PE IX [Prres=rP7] Anyone Can Hatch Pheasant Chicks, but it takes Experience to Rear Them Successfully DO YOU KNOW THE VALUE OF SPRATT’S Pheasant Meals Nos.5 and 12 and Chicgrain the world and there is nothing on the market that can take their place. | If your dealer cannot supply you, write to us for prices and further particulars. | Send 2c stamp for “Dog Culture,” 10c for “Poultry Culture” and 25c for “Pheasant Culture” | SPRATT’S PATENT LIMITED HH NEWARK, NEW JERSEY San Francisco St. Louis Cleveland Montreal Factory also in London, England These foods are used by the leading Game Breeders throughout ss) THE GAME BREEDER 161 INFALLIBLE E. ay! Which Do You | The only question is one of choice; you can buy any one of them loaded with Infallible or ““E.C.”” Any one of these fourteen standard brands of shells is the best to the man who is accustomed to use it—when it is loaded with a Hercules Smokeless Shotgun Powder. tet AS Pick your favorite—loaded with Infallible or ers ‘EB, C.’?—and you will have a combination that is hard to equal at the traps or in the field. ét ._Ppemin Lto HERCULES OE ARROW NITRO CLUB Smokeless Shotgun SELBY LOADS CHALLENGE GRADE SUPERIOR GRADE are always the same. ‘They always give the same even patterns and high velocity with light recoil, always burn free and clean and always fe Gs):BLACK SHELLS act the same under any weather conditions. Nye Lae When you buy your favorite shells be sure that [am CLIMAX they are loaded with a Hercules Smokeless Shotgun Powder, Infallible or “‘E. C.”’ a Fae aie HERCULES POWDER CO. BECOR 51 W. 10th Street Wilmington Delaware VIN CHESTE, yd REPEATER LEADER ~~ In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: “Yours for More Game.” 162 THE GAME BREEDER Let Your Trap Gun Purchase Be a PARKER. Be One of the Thousands of Satisfied PARKER Gun Users. ser of a PARKER Gun receives in good substantial gun value, the benefits of experience in gun manufacturing of over 50 years. Once you have used the PARKER, you will never be satisfied with anything but the BEST. Eventually you will shoot the PARKER. Why not now ? Send for catalog and free booklet about 20 bore guns. PARKER BROS., Master Gun Makers, MERIDEN, CONN., U. S. A. NEW YORK SALESROOMS, 25 MURRAY STREET. MARMOT PHEASANTRY Ringnecks Chinese Reeves Golden Silver | Amberst Japanese Silky Fowl Book your order for eggs now. Eggs in anv quantity from the Japanese Silky—Rhode Island Red Cross. The perfect mother for large breeders of Pheasants. “We have one of the largest exclusive Game Breeding Farms in the U. S., and we warrant every bird we ship to be in prime condition for breeding or show purposes. We are now contracting full wing Ringnecks in any quantity up to 5,000 for August and early fall delivery. If you want some splendid Chinese-Mongolian cocks for new blood in your pens, and are willing to pay $3 each for them, send us a check. Hens $4.50. Expensive, but they’re worth it, Member of the Game Guild MARMOT PHEASANTRY, == MARMOT, OREGON In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your ‘etters: ‘‘Yours for More Game.” THE GAME BREEDER 163 OUR WILD FOWL AND WADERS THE NEW YORK TIMES ‘The subject is the development of a new crop —a flesh crop which has especial timeliness in view of the general exhaustion of our food supply. Mr. Huntington dis- cusses in the most practical manner the restoration of this crop of feathered game, and from the standpoint both of the sportsman and the market gunner, wild ducks, it seems, can be raised as easily and cheaply as domesticated ducks, and with equally excellent financial results. The way to do this is described with estimates of cost and citation of experience abroad, where the deficiency of food supply has led to the discovery and elaboration of many remedies to which we have not yet been forced. Mr. Huntington's: book is illustrated with Po Og tans. interesting alike to naturalists and breeders.” ' WILLIAM BREWSTER “«Our Wild Fowl and Waders’ is obviously an able, comprehensive and very interesting treatise on a subject which has hitherto received but little attention from writers, especially in America, and concerning which naturalists, as well as sports- men, will, I am sure, be glad to be thus credibly and pleasingly informed.” THE LOCKPORT UNION-SUN “Mr. Huntington has given to the American people an admirable treatise on the practical methods of making these splendid and desirable birds profitably plentiful. Ponds, streams and waste lands which do not pay the meagre taxes upon them can ‘be utilized and be made to yield both handsome profits and good sport. This American authority on wild gamie tells the farmers and land owners of this country how to do it.” CHARLES HALLOCK ““The wild fowl book is valuable, clearsighted and scholastic. It is a direct appeal to sportsmen of common sense and generous behavior, and they will readily absorb its comprehensive pages and act accordingly—and live thereby.” DR. R. W. SHUFELDT “T have enjoyed the treat in my reading of this book from frontispiece to finish and I wager anybody else will enjoy it. . . . The author has placed every sports- man, every naturalist and a great many other citizens of other callings squarely under obligations to him. The book is a direct and logical argument setting forth the means for the preservation in the future of our wild fowl and waders. .. . The illustrations are judiciously selected, interesting and materially add to the value of the volume.” A. A. HILL “ This is not only a readable book, but it is important in an economic sense, and it will especially appeal to all who are interested in the conservation of wild life, and especially our game birds.” AUTOMOBILE DEALER AND REPAIRER “If the advice of Dwight W. Huntington, pioneer and apostle of the movement in this country for a rational game protection and conservation, be acted upon, the time is coming speedily when game will be as cheap as beef or mutton. At present, after hfty years of legal protection, we have no game to amount to anything save in the more remote sections. . . . The book is not only instructive in an economic sense, showing how to make wild duck preserves safe and attractive, how to get stock and eggs and the food required, but is delightful reading for all. The author of ‘Our Wud Fowl and Waders’ is doing a great public service in his campaign for more game.’ OUR WILD FOWL AND WADERS will be sent to any address in the United States or Canada with THE GAME BREEDER for one year upon receipt of $2.00. THE GAME CONSERVATION SOCIETY 150 NASSAU STREET, N. Y. {n writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: “Yours for More Game.” 164 THE GAME BREEDER Te Reconstruction and the Small~bore Rifle Club No. 3 American Marksmen Scries Painted for Remington UMC by FP. X. Leyendecker IVILIAN America in adopting valuable Government war-time methods, has seized upon the modern development of small -bore target shooting learned from the British as one of its best finds. In community, industrial and institutional rifle clubs, an enormous expansion has begun, centering around the small-bore regulations now officially prescribed by the National Rifle Association, for shooters to quality as Marksman, Sharpshooter or Expert. Foremost as it has been in the encouragement of this shooting and these clubs, Remington UMC is best able to help—as it is helping — to bring this splendid sport permanently into its own in this country. If interested in getting up one of these clubs, write for a free copy of the Remington UMC Handbook containing full information, including how to obtain Government assistance through the N. R. A., and what complimentary Remington UMC targets to ask for. The REMINGTON ARMS UNION METALLIC CARTRIDGE CO., Inc. Largest Manufacturers of Firearms and Ammunition in the World WOOLWORTH BUILDING ; NEW YORK “The VOLUME XIV MARCH, 1919 ame Breeder NUMBER 6 Co) SURVEY OF THE FIELD. It Couldn’t Be Done. Referring to the triumph of the “More Game and Fewer Game Laws’ move- ment and the apparent hopelessness of the cause a few years ago a reader, com- plimenting The Game Breeder on the vic- tory, sends a clever newspaper clipping headed “It Couldn’t Be Done”: Somebody said it couldn’t be done, But he, with a chuckle, replied That “maybe it couldn't, but he would be one Who wouldn't say so till he’d tried.” So he buckled right in, with the trace of a grin On his face. If he worried, he hid it. He started to sing as he tackled the thing That couldn’t be done, and he did it. Somebody scoffed: “Oh, you'll never do that, At least no one ever has done it.” But he took off his coat and he took off his hat, And the first thing we knew he’d begun it; With the lift of his chin, and a bit of a grin, Without any doubting or quibbing; ‘He started to sing as he tackled- the thing That couldn’t be done, and he did it. There are thousands to tell you it cannot be done, There are thousands to prophesy failure; There are thousands to point out to you, one by one, The dangers that wait to assail you; But just buckle in with a bit of a grin, Then take off your coat and go to it; Just start in to sing as you tackle the thing That “cannot be done” and you'll do it. When the late dean of sportsmen, Charles Hallock, enlisted in the “more game’ army he expressed. his doubts about the possibility of winning, point- ing out the mountains of politics, preju- dice, ignorance and graft which must be overcome. Shortly before he died the dean wrote that the victory evidently had been won and he rejoiced, as we do, that it no longer is criminal to produce food profit- ably in many states and that sport has been made free on the places where sportsmen look after their game. Some people seem inclined to give the editor of The Game Breeder the credit for the “revival of common sense,” but it should be remembered that it was Hal- lock who used the effective words and called for the revival. Many prominent men all over America have contributed to the success of the movement. The late Judge Beaman did much. The strong sentences of Merriam, Bailey, Radford, the late Admiral Evans, Dr. Field and many other intelligent state officers and scores of other men of ability who in- dorsed the movement and the substantial aid of the Audubon association all had much to do with the result. The Game sreeder may be entitled to some credit for suggesting the idea that it might bea good plan to have “more game and fewer game laws” in America; it probably is entitled to praise for recording the his- tory and progress of the movement and for advocating it at all times, denounc- ing the wrong and praising the right, but the victory is largely due to a lot of intelligent and able men whose say- ings have been published in The Game Breeder. The heading to the clipping should be amended so as to read “It Couldn't Be Done But They Did It.” Notes from South Carolina. A member of the Game Conservation Society in Charleston, S. C., sends two clippings from the News & Courier. In one of these Representative Hon. J. B. Morrison, of McClellanville, makes a statement in support of his measure, now 166 before the legislature, for the abolition of the state fish and game departments. His chief points are that the departments are unduly expensive and also ineffective. The editor of the paper says, “We are not prepared to dispute the first conten- tion. As for the second we are quite ready to agree that the game department is not yet fully as effective as it might be, though in our judgment it has been doing much fine work as it is.” Game Increase or Decrease. Representative Morrison informs the News & Courier that the game in South Carolina is decreasing and not increas- ing as the editor thinks it is. It is highly probable that Mr. Morrison is right ‘and that the newspaper is mginformed about the increase of the game. If there be any shooting, legal or il- legal, or both, in South Carolina, and we presume there is considerable of both, it is an absolute scientific fact that the game must be decreasing and not increas- ing provided no one looks after the game properly and protects it from its natural enemies. Shooting, as often we have pointed out, is an additional check to increase. The game has its natural en- emies, foxes, hawks, crows, snakes and many others, which by destroying and eating birds and eggs check the increase of the partridge or “quail, t the best game in South Carolina, and, as the naturalists say, nature’s balance is thus preserved. The quail can not become overabundant, but enough stock birds are left by ver- min every year to keep up the normal supply of quail. If some one should increase the num- ber of foxes, crows, hawks and snakes to a considerable extent, any one familiar with the elementary rules which govern nature’s balance knows that the addi- tional check to increase would upset the balance in the wrong direction and that the game must decrease in numbers no matter how many game laws be enacted or how many game wardens be appointed or how many people be arrested. It is even more fatal to the game to permit thousands of guns to shoot it le- gally or illegally provided no one exter- THE GAME BREEDER minates the vermin in order to make a place for the shooting. Sane Legislation. Mr. Morrison no doubt will be inclined to handle the question in a statesmanlike manner. Undoubtedly he is right in his opinion that the department under exist- ing laws is not worth the money it col- lects and expends. If the scientific re- sult of the activity is that the people who are said to.own the game never can expect to see any of it in the market or to be able to have any game to eat; if under the stimulation of those who claim there are not enough arrests made, a lot of activity Eeeitae in the apprehension of many of those who shoot without a license if it be scientifically certain that the game must continue to decrease as it will so long as there is any additional check to increase (shooting, for exam- ple) and no one produces and protects game, Mr. Morrison would seem to be right in his idea that the game depart- ment might as well be abolished. It is a sorry state of affairs to simply produce a lot of worthless crimes. The University Investigation. In 1916 the University of South Caro- lina sent out 137 letters asking if the game laws had been enforced in their sections. Sixteen said yes; fifty said only slightly and sixty-five said not enforced at all. The? truth of jhe “matter. 1s thatate properly execute the game laws there should be a game warden on every large farm. It is unreasonable to suppose that a few wardens in each county can come anywhere near stopping the illegal shoot-° ing or shooting without a license. But if the shooting is a fatal check to increase and the game must vanish, if all who wish to do so destroy game and if there be no producers it would seem wise either to abolish the department or to make it of great economic importance as it easily can be made. A Simple Game Breeders’ Law The laws should be amended in South THE GAME BREEDER ~ 167 Carolina, as they have been in many states, so as to encourage the production of game on the farms. Such laws have produced a lot of game in other States and South Carolina should be a big game producing state. If the game department can supervise and regulate the production of game fo1 sport and for food it soon will prove its worth to all of the people. - The agricultural departments encour- age the production of plants and animals on the farms. The state game depart- ments should encourage the profitable production of game on game farms. In Ohio and some other states the depart- ment distributes pheasants and eggs to those who will produce the game. In South Carolina the quail or partridge should be produced in big numbers by those who are willing to engage in the game breeding industry. The law should provide that the state department shall issue permits without charge to all land owners and _ lessees who wish to produce game; that those who produce game may sell the food un- der simple regulations, requiring its iden- tification, to dealers licensed and regu- lated by the state. Live game and eggs for propagation purposes should be free- ly sold at any time. Since there is a big demand for game, alive and dead, and for eggs there can be no doubt many land owners will be willing to produce the game and it is a simple business proposition that game will be produced abundantly when it pays to produce it and the people know how to do it. The state wardens should police the public waters and parks and wild lands where the public shoot and the land own- ers who wish to do so should produce game abundantly and profitably on lands which they own. A state department whose activities can be conducted on these lines will be of great economic im- portance to all of the people. A state department designed only to collect as many license fees and fines as possible and to expend all of the money for sal- aries and expenses can not possibly save the game and certainly it never will make the game an abundant and profitable food as it should be for all of the people. The University of South Carolina quickly will verify our statement that where the checks to increase are multi- plied (shooting, for example) the game must vanish if no one is permitted to look after it profitably and properly, which means the control of the natural enemies in order to make a place for the shooting and the proper feeding and care of the game which is required to keep it plentiful if large quantities are util- ized as food. , Professor Needham, of Cornell Agri- cultural College, has well said the farmer should have the right to produce any plant or animal on his farm and it seems perfectly logical to say that many will do so in South Carolina when it is prof- itable to breed game. A state department which will encour- age food production on the farms and which will police the game on _ public lands and waters can be made quite worth while.and it should be liberally supported just as agricultural depart- ments are. A state department which simply exe- cutes a lot of laws creating many new crimes and which does not can not save the game well may be abolished. Oysters, Fish and Clams. Mr. Morrison of South Carolina says that his object in introducing the bill to abolish the office of chief game warden and the board of fisheries is because under the management of the chief game warden the game has been swept out of the state. He points out that the terrapin has been swept out and says the revenue from clams is today $19 and the oysters are now being fast depleted, swept from our shores. The trouble is the departments are ex- pected to perform an impossibility. If every one gathers and sells the oysters, clams and terrapin and no one looks af- ter them properly the result must be ex- termination. Some years ago there was great alarm in Baltimore about the vanishing oysters. Today oysters are produced abundantly 168 on leased beds and the industry is prof- itable. Baltimore did not loose its oys- ters but it became a big oyster market. South Carolina can become a big game and fish market. All over the country the tendency is to encourage the people to breed fish in ponds and streams for profit and for food. The United States Bureau of Fisheries supplies stock fish and advice as to the best fish for the different wa- ters and how to produce them. If the South Carolina laws can be made so as to encourage the profitable breeding of fish, oysters and game the departments can supervise and regulate the industry and they will become of great economic importance to all of the people. As a football of politics the game eas- ily can be kicked off the face of the earth and the oysters and fish can be expected to go with it. Wardens who only put in their time collecting licenses and occasionally arresting people who fail to pay never can be expected to show any game or fish or oysters for the people to eat. A little ordinary common _ business sense easily can be applied to the subject by a statesman who will find out what the trouble is and will apply the proper remedy. Many hundreds of thousands of game birds now are produced on game farms in America and some advertisers in The Game Breeder are prepared to offer over 25,000 eggs. America soon will be the biggest game producing coun- try in the world provided the state game departments encourage game breeding on liberal terms. The oysters and the fish are profitable and in no danger of ex- tinction in places where they are properly looked after. Advice to Mr. Morrison. We would strongly advise Mr. Morri- son not to abolish the departments but to so frame the laws of his state that they will become of great economic im- portance to all of the people. The mar- kets easily can be kept full of cheap oys- ters, fish and game when the subject is handled by a statesman who will advocate common sense laws. THE GAME BREEDER Any one who can quickly fill the mar- kets of South Carolina with cheap game and who can attract hundreds of thou- sands of dollars to the farmers of the state for game birds for breeding pur- poses will cause the game always to re- main plentiful and cheap and the states- manlike performance surely will be rec- ognized by the people. _ Laws permitting and encouraging the breeding of pheasants and certain species of ducks have resulted in hundreds of thousands of pheasants and ducks being bred annually on American game farms and preserves. Laws preventing the profitable breed- ing of quail and grouse have resulted in the extermination of these birds on vast areas and the prohibition of grouse and quail shooting in many states. We are obliged to buy our quail in Mexico. Laws encouraging the profitable breed- ing of quail and grouse by game farmers and sportsmen soon will result in the quail and grouse becoming tremendously abundant in many places and the prohibi- tion of shooting no longer will be neces- sary to save the game. A limited amount of freedom on Long Island, New York, where quail shooting is permitted has resulted in excellent quail shooting on the numerous club grounds where the sportsmen look after their quail; and quail can be found and shot all over Long Island on lands where anyone can shoot. They always spread out or overflow from protected areas. It should be legal everywhere to breed American game birds for sport or profit. Pheasants are excellent game birds but our native quail and grouse are better than pheasants both for sport and for food. They can be produced at a smaller cost than pheasants can be and no good reason can be assigned why quail and grouse breeders should be put out of business by laws prohibiting the shoot- ing, sale and eating of quail and grouse. The Socialist. As a general thing Socialists are the kind of men who can be made to believe a turkey is all white meat.—Galveston News. THE GAME BREEDER 169 GAME SHOOTING CLUBS. By D. W. HuNTINGTON. Now that the laws in many states per- mit and encourage the breeding and sale of game it is important that the people should be educated to take advantage of the new laws and that the desirable food should quickly be made abundant and cheap. Already there are many thousands of game farmers in America who are suc- cessfully producing game. There art also thousands of sportsmen who indi- vidually or as members of clubs deal fairly with the farmers and produce game for sport. Some of the clubs have so much game that they can send some to market every year and in this way they pay a good part of the cost of the sport. It is important that sportsmen of moderate means should combine to share the expense of good shooting. They are the best customers of the game farmers who supply them with stock birds and eggs. It long has been evident that where everyone insisted upon the right to shoot on farms without permission the result was disastrous to the game. Continual shooting and no production must result im extermination, Uhe farmers) in no case can be expected to look after the game simply to induce trespassers to shoot up the farms. Asa result of such shooting most of the farmers post their lands and prohibit sport. In all cases where the sportsmen combine and rent the shooting the game is to be found every year, the amount depending upon the amount of the protection and pro- duction on any place. There is certainly room enough in our vast country for all sportsmen who wish to do so to have good shooting. The first requisite is to deal fairly with the land owners and the second is to look after the game and keep it plen- tiful, purchasing stock birds and eggs from the game farmers in years when from overshooting or other causes the game is not as abundant as it should be. There are a great variety of shooting clubs or syndicates. Some have very small annual dues; some have larger dues and elaborate clubhouses. Quite near New York there are some quail clubs with dues of $15 to $25 per year. These clubs usually deal with a few land owners renting the shooting and often the members arrange to stop at a farmhouse when shooting. One club I have visited has its headquarters in a little country hotel. Usually some- one is employed to look after the wild breeding game, part of the time at least. Some foxes, hawks, crows and other ver- min are trapped and shot and in winter a little food is supplied for the birds. No big bags are expected but some good shooting can be had year after year and occasionally when there has been a bad nesting season or there have been some bad losses due to climate in the winter a few dozen stock birds are pur- chased and liberated. Clubs of this char- acter usually have no game to sell, the members and their friends using what they shoot. . Other clubs with somewhat larger dues employ skilled game keepers and many of them now produce thousands of pheasants; mallards, quail and other game birds. Having a big stock of breeding birds these clubs often can sell a good iot of eggs and some of them sell game to the game dealers and hotels and in this way keep their expenses down. It is an easy matter to start a game shooting club and one of the best places to start is a place where there is no game since there can be no possible objection to game production in such a place. It is an easy matter to procure stock birds and eggs from advertisers in The Game Breeder and a good game keeper soon will show some good shooting and some well-trained dogs. A club with a large membership can have comparatively small dues, a club with few members must have larger dues. It is an easy matter to figure up 170 the amount of game which should be shot and to apportion it among the members. A few guns can make up shooting parties for two or three days at a time during a long open season and a good rule is that where there are several ap- plicants for the same date that those who have not shot during the season shall be entitled to the ground. © Since the game shot is a valuable food the sportsman who pays from $25 to $100 per year for his shooting is not much out of pocket, provided he obtains food equal in value to the amount of his dues or nearly so. The trap shooters pay for their targets and for the rent of the trap shooting grounds and after the shoot they have nothing to show for their money. Am- munition is expensive and the cost is the same in both cases, provided, of course, the game be kept plentiful and the same number of cartridges are used. If for ‘every few shells used a game bird, worth from $1 to $3, is secured the sportsman who belongs to a game shooting club certainly gets the more for his money than any trap shooter does. In order that men of moderate means can have good shooting at a very small expense it is important that some of the game and game eggs can be sold. Captain Oates, a retired English off- cer, said in his excellent book on wild duck breeding that his good sport cost nothing since he had ducks to eat and he sold enough to pay a good part of his expenses. Wild ducks and in fact all game is very much cheaper in England than it is in America. The area suitable for shooting in Eng- land is very small compared to the vast areas in America where little or no game occurs today and the cost of good shoot- ing can be made much smaller in Amer- ica than it is in England. The important matter to be consid- ered by sportsmen is, that as matters now stand, most of the farms are closed to sport and by combining to share the expense of good shooting they easily can deal fairly with the farmers and can have excellent shooting in places where there is none and where there never will cost small THE GAME BREEDER be any shooting until the sportsmen get busy. . A fair price to pay for the shooting is the amount of the taxes on lands and buildings. In many places shooting clubs pay 10 cents per acre or $64 per year for a square mile. This amount divided among several guns makes this item of indeed. Where the grouse and quail are bred wild some one should be employed to look after them and to protect them from their natural enemies, to feed them in winter and to see that they have suitable cover and food at all times. All over America there are numerous duck clubs which own or lease desirable duck shooting grounds. Now that the law permits the trapping of wild fowl for breeding purposes and the sale of the game all of these clubs should breed many wild ducks., The advantages of so doing are that the clubs can make their own open seasons for the shooting of the ducks they produce; they can make their own bag limits and if they wish to do so they can sell some of their game when properly identified. They also can sell eggs and the sale of some game and eggs can be made to pay a good part of the expenses of a skilled game keeper who will surely make and keep the shooting much better than it ever has been. Often there is a prejudice against these duck clubs because they exclude others than members from shooting on desirable grounds. This prejudice can not exist against a club which produces wild fowl and which sells some of the food. There is no prejudice against those who pro- duce beef, mutton and poultry on lands which they own. It is important for the perpetuation of sport in America that all of the people shall be in favor of it. They will be when the clubs supply them with some cheap game. Where a good lot of ducks are hand- reared on a club ground they will attract and hold mzuny migratory fowl. All club men should consider the fact that they should be producers as well as destroyers and that when it is known that they do produce game they will be popular on ac- count of their industry. One thing is certain that American THE GAME game farmers who .advertise in The Game Breeder are equipped to sup- ply millions of pheasants and ducks and eggs to the game shooting clubs and the owners of country places who wish to have good shooting. It is necessary to send to Mexico for most of the quail for BREEDER 171 breeding purposes just as it was neces- sary to send to England and other for- eign countries a few years ago for pheas- ants and ducks and their eggs. The ab- surd legal situation preventing quail pro- duction rapidly will vanish, already it has departed from some states. THE MASSENA QUAIL CRYTONYX MASSENA. ELLioT COUuES. [The Massena Quail or Montezuma Quail of Mexico is a somewhat darker quail than simi- lar birds found in the United States which have been named Mearns quail by Dr. Nelson, to distinguish the sub-species. The sportsmen will do well to give the birds a trial, using Monte- zumas, Massenas or Mearns, since the birds should be desirable on shoots and profitable on game farms. government publication, now out of print. The excellent account of the species is from The Birds of the North West, a I have never observed these birds in a wild state. but once I saw a good lot of them in captivity at Ronkonkoma, N. Y. I endeavored to make a photograph of them but the result was a failure—Editor.] I found no Massena quail about Fort Whipple until a few days before my final departure. A pair were then procured, setting at rest the doubts I had all along entertained regarding the veracity of re- ports I had often received, of the occur- rence there of quail different from Gam- bel’s. But the species must certainly be rare in that region, since I could not otherwise have overlooked it for so long a time. This remarkable quail was described about forty years ago by several writers, nearly simultaneously. For a _ long while it was only known as a Mexican species. It remained for American nat- uralists and, I may add, officers of the army to show its existence in our coun- try and give us something definite about its habits. In Colonel McCall’s observa- tions upon Texan and New Mexican. birds, published in the Philadelphia Academy’s Proceedings for 1851, we find the following interesting account: “The species was not seen before crossing the San Pedro, ‘but it was not long before it made its appearance in the waste and rocky region into which we then entered. And from that time until we reached the Rio Pecos, a distance of one hundred and forty miles (westward- ly by the route we traveled), it was fre- quently seen, though I should not say it was very common. This region is a desert of great length from north to south, our trail crossing it at nearly right angles. The general face of the country is level, and consists of either a crumbling argil- laceous limestone, or a coarse, gray sand, producing nothing but a sparse growth of sand plants. Water is found only. at long intervals, and, except at those points, there is little cover for game, and apparently less food—the principal growth being cacti, of which the most common is cactus arborescens; yet here, among projecting rocks, or on the bor- ders of ‘dry gullies or in loose scrub, I found the Massena partridge in all the beauty of his rich and varied plumage. “The habits of this species are differ- ent from those of any other species of partridge that I have met with. They were in coveys of from eight to twelve individuals, and appeared to be extreme- ly simple and affectionate in disposition. In feeding they separated but little, keep- ing up a social ‘cluck’ all the time. They were so gentle as to evince little or no alarm on the appearance of man, scarcely moving out of his way as he passed, and only running off or flying a few yards, when perhaps half their number were laid low by a shot. This inclined me to think that they might with little difficulty be domesticated, near the habitation of 172 man. This trait of gentleness is the very opposite of those manifested by the Scaly partridge (Callipepla squamata), which I always observed to be, though found perchance in grounds as little frequented as these, remarkably vigilant, shy and difficult to approach. The call or signal note of this species is peculiar. I never saw it after crossing the Pecos.” This account of the gentle and con- fiding disposition of the Massena quail, so at variance with the character of nearly all the other species, agrees en- tirely with the representations which were made to me at Fort Whipple; and the same trait has also been noticed by other writers. Don Pablo de la Llave noticed it in his original account of the birds in the following terms, which I copy from Mr. Cassin’s translation of his article: “And in everything it shows an amiability, and, so to speak, a kindness of character (una bonadad de caracter ) which is not found in any other species of this genus, and it is naturally so tame and domestic as to permit itself to be caught with the hand.” So, also, Dr. Woodhouse, in the following paragraph from Sitgreave’s report: “My attention was first called to this beautiful bird a few miles beyond the head of the Rio San Pedro, where we started three of them, and Major Backus succeeded in procuring a female speci- men, which is now in my collection. This was the only time I observed this bird. Captain S. G. French, Assistant Quarter- master United States Army, informs me that in the year 1849, when he first passed over this road, he met with these birds in a number of localities—at the head of the San Pedro, Howard’s Springs, and also at the Eagle Springs— showing evidently that it has a range over the country lying between the Rio Grande and San Pedro Rivers. He also stated that he had never met with it near the settlements, but always among the wild, rocky and almost barren hills of this country. They are more sociable and not so shy as others of the same family. Their food appears to be prin- cipally insects.” To give, as nearly as possible, a com- - THE GAME BREEDER plete view of what has been put on rec- ord concerning the habits of the beau- tiful Massena, I continue with the fol- lowing quotations from the notes made by the naturalists of the Mexican Bound- ary Survey. It will be noticed that Mr, Clark’s account is considerably at vari- ance with those just presented: “Once, on flushing a covey of Ortyx texana, my attention was attracted by a bird which remained behind, showing no inclination to follow the rest. It at- tempted to hide in the grass, but not to fly, and on being shot proved to be a male Massena. It occurs in pairs or flocks, and when flushed it flies further than the Virginia quail, and does not lie so close. They may be approached within a few feet, and followed up, par- ticularly when in pairs, running along before you like so many domestic fowls. It is quiet as well as retired; a subdued though sharp note is the only noise I ever heard it make, and that only when frightened. I have seen it pursued, and all the barrels of a six-shooter fired at it without giving it alarm, and finally forced to fly only by an attack of stones and clubs. It was first met in the neigh- borhood of San Antonigp, and thence sparsely distributed, as an inhabitant of both prairies and mountains, as far west- ward as Sonora. It is a much wilder bird than the squamata; less conspicu- ous, as also less noisy, and never seen in flocks, living about old camps, as is often the case with the latter. Its haunts are far removed from the habitation of man, and the indifference it sometimes mani- fests to this presence is due to its ignor- ance of his power and attributes. Though distributed over the same country as the squamata, it is not found in such barren regions as the latter frequently is, pre- ferring those regions most luxuriantly covered with vegetation.” “First seen in the Canon Guapuco, twelve leagues south of Monterey. Though rather shy, it seemed quite at home in the cultivated fields and stubbles of the ranches.’—D. N. Couch. “This bird I have never seen further south in Texas than Turkey Creek. In this vicinity it was very common, and THE GAME BREEDER also at various points thence to the Rio Grande. In the valley of this river it is very rarely seen, giving way apparently to the Scaly and Gambel’s partridges. West of the river it was very common as far as we traveled, wherever there was fresh and permanent water. In the valley of the Santa Cruz River, and among the adjacent hills, it was extreme- ly abundant. In the months of June and July it was observed there, always 1n pairs, while in Texas, in the months of October and November, it was found in very large flocks, sometimes of various ages, from the very small and partly fledged to the full-grown bird. When hunted it hides itself very closely in the grass, and I have often known Mexican soldiers in Sonora to kill them with their lances, by striking them either while on the ground or just as they rise. Some of these men are very expert in this business, and will kill many in the course of a day’s travel.’—C. B. R. Kennerly. It is not difficult to gain from these accounts a pretty definite idea of the range of the species in the United States, though we do not know how far south it penetrates in Mexico, which is really its native country. We have no record of it as yet as a bird of California. To the indications of its range in Texas and New Mexico, I have only to add, as just now done, its occurrence in Arizona at Fort Whipple, a locality at some dis- tance from those previously recorded, and further north, as well as west, than any before known. There it is rare, as stated, nor do I think that the species can be very abundant even in the south- ern portions of the Territory, unless it be at the southeast corner. We see that none of the fragmentary published accounts are more than isolated facts of an imperfect history ; yet they do good service as contributions towards a biography. The bird is mentioned as an inhabitant of the most barren, desolate and unfrequented regions, as well as the vicinity of cultivated ranches; as very unusually tame, or quite wild; as occur- ring in pairs or in flocks; each account being circumstantial and limited. But this very diversity of statement helps to a knowledge of the bird; and here, 173 as elsewhere, [| cannot refrain from pressing the importance of the rec- ord of any facts whatever, however isolated, that may be gleaned by personal observation upon the habits and manners of birds, no matter how small and unpromising the field, or how often it has been gone over before. Any in- formation, so be it that it is accurate, is better than none; though still it should be remembered that ex parte statements are liable to mislead, particularly when used in generalization, the inductive not being in natural history, as it is in the more exact sciences, always a _ safe method of reasoning. There are two points in the history of this species to which attention may profit- ably be directed. One is the bird’s re- markable unsophistication. Living in what we should consider lonely desola- tion, but which is to it a happy home, the bird has not yet learned to throw aside the gentle, confiding disposition its Maker gave. No contact with the lords of the universe, guardians of civilization and progress, jobbers in ethics and aes- thetics, has yet begotten in its ingenious nature the wholesome change that the requirements of self-preservation will some day demand, and which it will in- stinctively adopt. Birds that live in pop- ulous districts have had a lesson to learn of bitter experience, and its fruits have been instilled through generation after generation, till a second nature replaces the first, and a shrewd distrust of the whole human race is instilled. It is a nauseous dose that these quail, like inno- cent children, have to swallow; but the medicine acts vigorously and beneficially, heart-longings and soul4breathings, and the like, giving way to something more substantial and sensible. Some day a fine old cock Massena shall say to his family, “‘timeo Danaos et dona ferentes ou the newly-born wisdom shall take well, and become gospel to succeeding gener- ations, to outlive in the code of quail ethics the memory of the Aeneid in the minds of men. We are familiar with the structural peculiarities of the Massena quail, and it is not likely that these deviations from 174 a common standard are not reflected in some way in the bird’s habits and man- ners; but how, we are still ignorant. Nothing accounting for these peculiari- ties has yet been learned; and yet there must be some traits that, for their pro- per exhibition, require the special modi- fication that we find. These individual- izing traits offer an inviting field for in- vestigation. Mr. Cassin has, perhaps, taken the initiative toward such discoy- THE GAME BREEDER ery, in an observation founded upon consideration of the bird’s colors. “The circulaT Spots,.) lel 'saysh mw nichpare numerous on the inferior parts of the body in this partridge, appear to indicate as a character an analogy to the guinea- fowls, which is further sustained by its habit of uttering its note continually when in company with its fellows or when feeding.’—Eillicot Coues, Birds, of the Northwest. COTTONTAIL RABBITS IN RELATION TO TREES AND FARM CROPS. By D. E. Uw. S. “mong the serious pests in orchards and tree plantations are the several na- tive species of rabbits. These animals do considerable damage to garden truck and other farm crops also, especially on lands recently opened to cultivation. North American rabbits belong to two general classes easily distinguished by their size and habits. The larger forms include the arctic and varying hares, or snowshoe rabbits, and jack rabbits, and are found through- out nearly all of Alaska and Canada and in all the states west of the Mississippi except Arkansas and Louisiana. East of the Mississippi they inhabit the northern parts of Minnesota, Wisconsin and Mich- igan, most of New York and New Eng- land, and southward in the Appalachian mountains, parts of Pennsylvania, Mary- land and Virginia. The smaller forms, generally called “cottontail rabbits,” occur in every state, but are absent from the greater part of Maine, the northern parts of New Hamp- shire, Vermont, New York, Michigan, Wisconsin and Minnesota, and from the western parts of Washington and Ore- gon. In recent years they have extended their range northward in the New Eng- land States, New York, and portions of the West, and have invaded and occupied a considerable part of the Province of Ontario. In habits they differ materially Lantz, Assistant Biologist, s10logical Survey. from the larger rabbits. They live in copses and thickets more than in open fields. The young are born blind, naked and helpless, while those of the larger rabbits have the eyes open, are partially furred, and active when born. Rabbits of both genera, however, feed exclusively on vegetation, and are at times harmful to crops and especially to trees. Because of their size and great abundance in parts of their range, jack rabbits are by far the nsost destructive, but, except in a few places where they have been introduced, none are found east of the Mississippi. Epizootics (dis- eases which attack many animals at the same time) are an effectual natural check and after such attack occurs jack rabbits are usually so reduced in numbers that they are not troublesome again for sev- eral years. Traps and other devices that are ef- fective with cottontail rabbits do not al- ways succeed with jack rabbits. The rec- ommendations contained in this bulletin will, therefore, apply only to cottontail rabbits, but they may suggest methods that, with modifications, may be used against the larger forms. : Cottontail rabbits are so well known that little need be said of their hab- its. They breed several times each year during the warmer months, the lit- ters averaging five or six young. The THE GAME BREEDER nest is usually placed in a hollow or de- pression of the ground, often in open fields or meadows. It is composed of dead grass and warmly lined with fur which the female pulls from her own body. The male rabbit takes no part, in caring for the young, and the female weans them as soon as they are able to leave the nest. These animals breed so rapidly that in spite of many natural en- emies, and of the fact that they are hunt- ed for human food, they often become numerous enough to itiflict serious losses on farmers and fruit growers in many parts of the United States. Cottontail rabbits eat all sorts of herb- age—leaves, stems, flowers and seeds of herbaceous plants and leaves, buds, bark and fruits of woody plants or trees. They usually prefer the most succulent foods, as young shoots, tender garden vegetables, clover, alfalfa and fallen ripe fruits: but they exhibit also a remarkable delicacy of taste in their selection of certain varieties of cul- tivated plants and in their neglect of oth- CusmOmmtnemsamenspecies, ProtaGw Piper reports that in Oregon rabbits ate Arabian alfalfa down to the ground, while they did little or no damage to other varieties grown in surrounding jollis, letoits C. iA, Wlo@ers, or dae Wea ‘nessee agricultural experiment station, reports similar observations in regard to their taste for soy beans, stating that they greatly relish the mammoth yellow variety and that it is practically the only one that suffers from their depredations. When favorite foods are absent rabbits resort to whatever is available. It is during summer droughts or when deep snows cut off ordinary supplies that the animals attack the bark of growing trees or shrubs. Cottontail rabbits are valuable for food and afford excellent sport for gunners. In many states, especially east of the Mis- sissippi River, they are protected as game. In fruit-growing and truck-farm- ing districts farmers regard them with disfavor, and there is considerable riv- alry between sportsmen and farmers to have their opposing views reflected in game laws. The interests of the two Classes do not seriously differ, however, grasses—and © 175 for when rabbits are closely hunted losses from their depredations are usually re- duced to a minimum. Still there is dan- ger that in years favorable for their in- crease the animals may inflict serious injury to trees during severe winters. Rabbits are protected (1915) by close seasons in states and, provinces. Twen- ty-eight states, Alaska and the Canadian provinces do not protect rabbits of any kind. In the District of Columbia all shooting is prohibited except on certain river marshes. In Kentucky rabbits may. be taken with dog, trap or snare at any time, and the close season for shooting. is evidently solely for the purpose of keeping gunners out of fields and woods during the two months immediately pre- ceding the cpea season for quails. In Wisconsin forty-six counties, mostly in the southern half'of the state, have no close season for rabbits. In California only cottontails, or bush rabbits, are protected. In about half the states that have a close season for rabbits the laws permit farmers and fruit growers to destroy the animals to protect crops or trees. Such provision might well be incorporated in game laws of-all states. For lack of it farmers have sometimes suffered severe losses, and not a few have been com- pelled to pay fines for trying to protect their property from rabbits. In states that protect rabbits it is well for the farmer to be acquainted with the game laws and in case of doubt to have a clear understanding with local and state game wardens before undertaking to destroy rabbits. Among the agencies that help to keep down the numbers of rabbits few are more effective than carnivorous birds and mammals. These include large hawks and owls, eagles, coyotes, wild- cats, foxes, minks, weasels, dogs and cats. Eagles, the larger species of hawks, and all the large and medium-sized owls make rabbits a great part of their food. From the standpoint of the farmer and fruit grower these birds and certain carnivorous matnmals are far more bene- ficial than harmful. On the other hand, poultry growers and sportsmen regard them as enemies to be destroyed when- 176 ever possible. In the absence of such natural enemies, rabbits, as well as rats and mice, often become a menace to val- uable crops. Indiscriminate slaughter of carnivorous birds and mammals should be suppressed whenever rodent pests are to be controlled.. Hunting has been the most important factor in keeping down the unmbers of rabbits in America. In some parts of the country the animals have been so reduced in numbers by shooting that sportsmen have invoked legislation to prevent their extermination. Shooting is undoubtedly the best method for hunting this animal. Ferreting is often imprac- ticable, since our native rabbits do not habitually burrow; besides, the use of ferrets is forbidden by law in many states that protect the rabbit. Coursing with greyhounds is popular in the west, where the swifter jack rabbits are abun- dant. Cottontails are often chased with foxhounds, but the beagle is rapidly tak- ing precedence as a favorite for hunting these animals, the gun being used to se- cure the game. Where the country is sufficiently open for the purpose, the organized hunt, in which everyone who owns a gun is sup- posed to take part, is a good means of reducing the number of rabbits. These organized hunts are popular in the west, where they are also varied, in the case of jack rabbits, by what is known as the “rabbit drive.” A large territory is surrounded by men and the animals are driven into a corral built of wire netting. While a few cottontails are sometimes included in the catch, these usually find refuge in open burrows or under cover of rocks or brush, so that this method is hardly applicable to them. Rabbits are easily trapped or snared, and while these methods of taking them are slow, they are always feasible when cottontails infest woodlot, orchard, nur- sery, field or garden. Many are caught in old-fashioned box traps set with a fig- ure four trigger with cord attached to hold up the box lid. An improvement on this familiar trap, widely used in the middle west, and often called the Wellhouse trap, is a box 21 THE GAME BREEDER inches long and about 6 inches high and 4 inches wide (inside measurements ) made of 6-inch fence boards, preferably old ones. The box is closed at the rear and has a wire door in front which swings inward from the top, a cleat at the bottom preventing its opening out- ward. The trap is set and the wire door kept open by a wire trigger-rod held in place by two staples in the top of the box. The trigger-rod is bent downward into a loop or figure 8 near the rear of the trap. As the rabbit enters the trap and crowds into the back part it presses. against the loop, moves the trigger-rod backward and is imprisoned as the wire door is released and falls. Bait may be used but is unnecessary, since cottontails frequently take refuge in dark places from enemies or inclement weather. The materials needed for making a Wellhouse trap are: Four boards 1 by 6, 21 inches long, for the sides; a piece 1 by 6, 8 inches long, for the back; a small cleat for the door stop; 28% inches of wire for the door; 22 inches of wire for the trigger; 4 small staples for hanging the door and trigger; and nails. Mr. J. M. Walmsley recently sent to the department photographs and a de- scription of a permanent rabbit trap made of sewer tile and used on his and other) forms: ini Kansasa: eau 2S iy, 6 inch “tee” is set with the long end downward and buried so that the 6-inch opening is below the surface of the ground. Two lengths of 6-inch sewer pipe are then connected horizontally with the opening. Soil is placed over the joints to exclude light. The upright tile should be fitted with a tight removable cover—Mr. Walmsley uses old harrow disks for the purpose. The projecting end of the small tile is surrounded with rocks, brush or wood, so as to make the hole look inviting to rabbits, and that they may appropriate the den as a place of concealment and shelter. A number of these traps in various places, and es- pecially in the vicinity of the orchard, have kept Mr. Walmsley’s farm com- paratively free of rabbits. Rabbits oc- cupy these tile traps, go in or out at will, and may be captured when desired. Whenever Mr. Walmsley visits his traps. THE GAME BREEDER he is accompanied by a trained dog that locates the trapped animals. The cover is lifted from the upright tile and the rabbit captured by hand; if it bolts from the side opening it is caught by the dog. A short pole fitted with a 5-inch wooden disk may be inserted in the side opening to prevent escape. These traps are especially suitable for open lands and prairies, where rabbits can not find many natural hiding places. Built on waste land, they may become a 177 permanent part of the farm equipment and will cost nothing for repairs from year to year. Their first cost may be greatly reduced by use of second-grade or even broken tiles. If one wishes to poison rabbits, the baits may be placed inside these traps and domestie animals or birds will not be endangered. The Walmsley trap also furnishes an excel- lent means of obtaining rabbits for the table or even for market without dam- aging them by shooting. NOTES FROM THE GAME FARMS AND PRESERVES. An Interesting Quail. We would strongly advise all quail breeders to give the Massena or Mearns quail a trial. These birds surely will bring excellent prices and since they are reported to lie well to the dogs they will undoubtedly be in great demand. In appearance the birds resemble a little brown guinea hen with white spots. The birds still occur in New Mexico and Arizona and they are plentiful in some parts of Mexico. The Massena is the name given the Mexican bird. The Northern species found in the United States was named the Mearns quail by Dr. Nelson, chief of the Biological Sur- vey. Quail Sales. There seems to. be no objection in many states to the sale and shipping of live quail and eggs for breeding pur- poses. This is as it should be. The State Department, which endeav- ors to hamper or stop the breeding of game, will stand a good chance of being abolished. The department which shows a disposition to encourage game produc- tion has a good excuse for its existence and soon it can be made of great eco- nomic importance as we have often re- marked. Rabbits Do Their Bit. Salina, Kan. Jan. 4.—Practically every town and county in Western Kan- sas. 1s having what is called a Red Cross hunt this month. Rabbits are unusually plentiful throughout the West, and real rabbit drives are being held, all of the rabbits sold for shipment to the Eastern States and the money is turned over to the Red Cross fund. The other day a drive wa; held near Zurich, and more than 600 rabbits were killed. They were sold at 8 cents each for shipment to New York and other Eastern points, where it is said they are retailing at 75 cents each, while the jack- rabbits are selling at $1. In the Zurich hunt people from all the surrounding counties participated, some coming as much as fifty miles, re- garding it as their patriotic duty. Ringneck Pheasant in New Jersey. Several days ago I noticed an article in the Rod and Gun ‘by Chokes and Bores of New Jersey giving his creed as to conservation. I cannot pass up his remark that he did not believe in stocking the State with English pheasant. He gave no reason for this, and therefore I take it he had none. To my mind there is every. reason in the world for continuing to stock Northern Jersey with ringneck pheas- ant. This part of the State abounds in splendid pheasant cover and affords plenty of natural food for the birds ex- cept under the most unfavorable weather conditions. In spite of the terribly se- vere winter last year pheasants were plentiful this fall. The only game bird of any numbers now left in Northern Jersey is the ring- 173 neck pheasant. Grouse have all but be- come extinct; woodcock are becoming scarcer and scarcer; quail are very sel- dom seen. If it were not for pheasant one could hunt day after day in many sections and his dog would never have a chance to freeze on a point. The ringneck pheasant is perhaps the easiest game bird to raise in captivity. This is an important point in its favor. After the first few weeks pheasant are about as difficult to grow as chickens. The State has already done some good work with these birds, and the sections in which they have been released have afforded some excellent sport. I confess that the English pheasant is far from being a perfect game bird. He does not lie well to a dog and often fre- quents land that is under water, thus making it hard for a dog to pick up the scent ; but when brought to bag he is ex- tremely beautiful and a splendid bird on the table. He appears easier to hit than he really is, and taken all in all is a far more satisfactory game bird than none would be.-—The Sun. Egg Percentages. Those who have been provident and who have held over a good stock of breeding birds are fortunate since the prices of pheasants, wild ducks, quail and turkeys are higher than ever before, and it is evident they will go higher and that many can not procure breeding stock at any price. There is a great temptation always to shoot more birds than good management would allow but fortunately the big commercial game farms have held many thousands of birds and hun- dreds of thousands of eggs will be sold this spring. We doubt, however, 1f there will be enough early eggs to supply the demands since many new game farms and new shooting clubs and_ individual preserves are being started all over the country. Those who rely on purchased eggs are interested in egg percentages. Owen Jones, one of the best English authori- ties, says, “If eighty eggs hatch out in a hundred this is considered good; if less than seventy hatch this is bad. A THE GAME BREEDER keeper may congratulate himself if he turns a thousand pheasants into covert from fifteen hundred eggs set; anything below one bird turned into covert from two eggs is considered a poor. result. Keepers believe that chicks cannot be hatched too late in May or too early in mare : There can be no doubt that eggs laid on the ground are better than purchased eggs; the percentage of birds hatched will ‘be somewhat better from hime eggs than from those shipped but we have had excellent results from purchased eggs in our experimental ,work,and the: adver- tisers in The Game Breeder know how to pack and ship eggs safely. Contract Rearing. We have heard from a number of ad- vertisers that they have received, substan- tial contracts from our readers for pheasants to be reared and delivered in September and October. Some of the prices named in letters to the magazine are $1.75 and $2.00 per bird, September and October delivery. A Good Order. One advertiser writing to praise the results obtained from his advertisement says he has just received an order for 5,000 pheasants for October delivery, the price being $8 per trio. He says he has recently received other good orders for an aviry species. We are always glad to hear that advertisements produce good results. Wild Ducks. A number of our advertisers will trap wild ducks for breeding purposes under permits issued by the U. S. Biological Survey. The demand for ducks 1s so great, however, that it seems evident there will not be enough to supply all those who wish to undertake duck breed- ing. a Some readers have reported that they could not get all the ducks and eggs they wish to purchase for breeding purposes. THE GAME BREEDER Duck Eggs. Since freshly trapped ducks often are too wild to lay eggs the first season, read- ers who wish to breed teal, pintails, gad- walls and other species besides the mal- Jards are advised to purchase the eggs of these species. Although it is legal to take eggs for breeding purposes, under permits issued by the UL. S. Biological Survey, comparatively few game breed- ers in the United States are equipped to gather eggs and in fact most of the wild ducks breed so far north that no eggs can be gathered in many of the states. Our Minnesota and Dakota readers and readers in all of the northern states are advised to take out permits and to gather some eggs for breeding purposes and for sale to other breeders who hold permits. They surely can get excellent prices for wild duck eggs if they will ad- vertise them in The Game Breeder. Teal and Other Shoal Water Ducks. Any breeder who will establish a flock of teal, gadwalls, pintails and other river ducks that will breed under control in protected marshes will have a valuable property since the demand for these . ducks, which are tame enough to lay eggs, is great and it surely will increase since the new clubs and preserve own- ers are aware that it is desirable to have other ducks besides the common mal- lards. Teal are splendid ducks both for sport and for food and they are regarded by many sportsmen as the best ducks we have. Foxes and Nests. In the counties in England where fox hunting is a popular sport and where foxes are preserved the game keeper has great difficulty in protecting his nests. In The Game Keeper’s note book we are told that, “The keeper who must pre- serve game and foxes takes steps to over- come the scent of his birds. He sprin- kles the neighborhood of all nests he can find with some ill-smelling fluid. But the foulest or strongest scent will not save a bird when a fox has once seen her. Fortunately he is not clever enough sibly save a bird’s life. ‘to him 179 to know a new trap from an old one, nor a sound from a broken one, and the keeper finds at nesting time a good use for his disused traps, placing them about birds setting in dangerous spots. Any- thing in the shape of scrap iron the fox suspects ; anything unusual about a nest, such as a piece of newspaper or a bush nearby, will arouse his fears, and pos- But as rooks learn to treat scarecrows with contempt, so foxes learn to have no fear for harm- less terrors, and the keeper rings the changes on all the fox-alarming devices which ingenuity can suggest.” Fox Hounds on the Preserve. In America where widely separated the tend with the foxes which will come TOneeal Ota sIGdess or) ais ground and an abundance of game surely will attract the foxes. It is a good plan to keep a brace or more of fox hounds and to let them run the foxes often. It is easy to discover the route taken by a fox when pursued and he will repeated- ly run over the same course. A few guns stationed on the line of his flight can get an easy shot which will put an end to the fox. Foxes are very difficult to trap but traps adroitly set in paths where the foxes travel will take some of them and Owen Jones suggests that a cat buried in a likely place where the fox must step on the trap in order to approach it the preserves are keeper must con- makes a good bait. Lures and Charms. To draw rats into his traps the keeper sprinkles them with the sweet-scented oil of rhodium and oil of aniseed. To attract cats he uses tincture of valerian ; the essences in the root of that plant having so great a charm for cats that it will draw them from far and near. To attract stoats and weasels he uses oil of musk. To entice a fox a dead cat is one of the best lures and many a fox, to our knowledge, has owed tts death to an over-keenness in unearthing a cat that 180 had been shot and lightly buried. —The Game Keeper’s Note Book. At the preserve of the Long Island Game Breeders Association steel traps baited with fish caught both cats and skunks. Traps for Pheasants and Ducks. A very simple trap to take up pheas- ants and to trap wild ducks is a good sized pen made of chicken wire with one or more openings, after the style of a lob- ster pot. A round cylinder of wire with one end opening through the side of the pen and the other a few feet inside is all that is necessary but if the opening at the side of the pen is larger than the inner end of the cylinder the birds will go in more readily. Corn or wheat scattered on a line leading to and through the opening will be followed by the birds to the grain liberally scattered inside the pen. The birds will run around the sides of the pen, jumping over the cylinder entrance and do not seem to have sense enough to go out as they came in. Captain Oates, in his, book on wild ducks, describes another very simple pen to trap ducks which requires an attend- ant. ~ A wire pen is constructed at the edge of the water: frequented by the ducks with the front on the water open. The entire front slides up and is held by a When this is pulled by the attendant in simple catch to which a cord is attached. ambush some distance away the front falls and the ducks within are caught. Tame mallards are used to decoy the ducks into the pen. The wild ducks, see- ing the decoys feeding, readily follow them and often a good number are taken at a time. Hawks Fight Over Rabbit. Mr. and Mrs. Bart Shea, of Burns, report a very interesting sight viewed from their farm near Crow Camp, one day during the past winter. A large American goshawk had caught a rabbit and was carrying it away when it was attacked by another hawk, of the THE GAME BREEDER same species, seeking to deprive it of its prey. Both birds had attained a con- siderable height when the robber, after making several unsuccessful attempts from above, darted in from below and fastened upon the rabbit, wresting it from the opponent. Hawk number two was turned several times in the air by the falling rabbit, and, before it could regain its equilibrium, had lost its hold on the ill-gotten treasure. Just at that instant hawk number three appeared on the scene and, swooping down, picked up the coveted prize before it had reached the ground and made away with it, unpursued.—Oregon Sportsman. Number of Pheasant Eggs and Chicks. From 15 to 17 is the proper number of pheasant eggs to tbe placed under a com- mon hén and a similar number of chicks should be placed in each coop on the rearing field. Fifteen is a safe number for the average hen but some hens will handle 17 nicely. The Kitchen Garden. An ordinary kitchen garden which is not weeded too closely makes an excel- lent feeding ground for young pheasants. The beans, asparagus, potatoes, corn, let- tuce, beets and other vegetables and the small fruits all have a variety of insects and the birds will procure many green weed seeds; the lettuce and grass all will be sampled by the young pheasants. Upon several occasions when I cared more about the pheasants than I did about the garden I reared several fine broods by letting the hens run with the young birds in the garden. They were fed very little usually when the hen brought them in to the coops where they were shut up for the night; many days they received no attention and were not fed at all. Most beginners, I am _ sure, feed their young pheasants too much. A very little hard boiled egg, grated and served with the pheasant meal and a very little chick-grain as the birds grow older is all they require, and when they have a good. THE GAME BREEDER range in the grass or garden where they ‘can procure weed seeds and insects in abundance a mere trace of food before the coops is all the pheasants will require and they never should be given more than they will eat quickly. No stale food should be kept before the coops. Ringnecks. The prices of ringnecked pheasants rose rapidly as we predicted they _ would as the breeding season approached. Since it is very evident there will be a big demand for pheasant eggs and that those who advertise in The Game Breeder can sell their eggs for $25 per hundred it is not surprising that owners of pheasants prefer to sell them after they have produced $10 or $15 worth of eggs and many young pheasants besides. This year it seems likely the prices for birds will remain well up throughout the year since clubs and individual shoots are purchasing more than ever before. Aviary Pheasants. Our suggestion that the game clubs and preserve owners should have a few pens of aviary pheasants seems to have increased the demand for these birds. We have letters from readers saying they cannot procure all the Golden, Silver, Amherst, Reeves and other aviary spe- ‘cies they wish to purchase. Readers should remember that as the breeding season approaches it is a poor time to try and buy any species of birds. The owner of an aviary pheasant which soon will lay a score and more of eggs worth from 50 cents to several dollars each will often not be willing to part with the bird about to lay the golden eggs. A few dollars will not tempt the owner of — a bird about to produce $10 or more dol- lars. He prefers always to gather ‘the money from the eggs and to sell the hen a little later even if he gets a little less for the bird. Increase in Game With Cats Killed. Mount Holly, N. J., June 15—Not in many years have sportsmen found game as plentiful in Burlington County as last season. Hundreds of hunters have re- peatedly bagged their legal limit of ten 181 rabbits a day in addition to making good scores on pheasants, quail and squirrels. Sportsmen and farmers in this section of the State declare that the warfare waged on vagrant cats during the last two years has been the chief factor in bringing a big increase not only in game animals and birds but also in native song birds. Fear that the cats might be spreading germs of the foot and mouth disease in their wanderings from farm to farm caused dairymen upon the recommenda- tion of State health authorities to open the campaign against cats during the 1915 epidemic. Many granges in south Jersey later ad- vocated the killing of cats to save the insect eating birds that are so important to profitable farming and orcharding. It was found that a surprisingly large number of homeless cats made their abode in the woods, preying upon native animals and birds. Sportsmen who have made it a rule to kill such cats whenever they find them while hunting have issued an estimate that every such cat killed means approx- imately twenty-five rabbits and fifty birds saved during the following year. Bellmore Farmers Plan Hunt for Wild Boars. Farmers and citizens of the Bellmore section of Long Island who possess any kind of firearm are awaiting a snow- fall so they can go on a hunt for the six boars that escaped from the Phipps re- serve at Wantagh, and earn a big reward offered for them, dead or alive. Some time ago the boars escaped from the estate of John S. Phipps and made off into the woods. They were savage and have been doing much damage. Sev- eral times they have attacked farmers who saw them rooting up cabbages, and thought they were domestic hogs. If there is no snowfall within a few days hounds will be sed and a hunt started to exterminate the animals. Some of the soldiers from Camp Mills who live in the wild country of Oregon want to join in the hunt, which it is expected will make the meets of the Meadow Brook Hunt Club seem like an exercise gallop. 182 ‘The Game Breeder PupLisHeED MONTHLY Epirep sy DWIGHT W. HUNTINGTON NEW YORK, MARCH, 1919. TERMS: 10 Cents a Copy—$1.00 a year in Advance. Postage free to all subscribers in the United States. To All ForeignCountries and Canada, $1.25. THE GAME CONSERVATION SOCIETY, INC. PUBLISHERS, 150 NASSAU ST., NEW YORK D. W. Huntincton, President, F. R. Peixorto, Treasurer, J. C. Huntineton, Secretary. E. Dayton, Advertising Manager. Telephone, Beekman 3685. We hope some of our South Carolina readers will write to Representative J. B. Morrison and urge him not to insist on abolishing the state game department but to see that a law be enacted requiring the department to encourage game breeding on the farms and the proper policing of the game on public lands and waters. —<—> o TRAPPING GAME. ‘In New York not long ago a fine of $15,000 was imposed and paid because a landowner trapped a few wild ducks for breeding purposes. The Game Breeder gave full publicity to the outrage in the name of the law. Today any farmer or preserve owner in New York can trap any species of game for breeding purposes upon payment of $1.00 for a license to do so, and the United States issues permits without charge to take migratory water fowl for breeding pur- poses. We are not lobbyists, but we observe with pleasure the effect which our pubilicity and comment has on the game laws. Rapidly they are changed to meet the views of breeders as expressed in the magazine. In this connection we wish to give credit to readers who write for the magazine pointing out legal wrongs which should be made right. These opinions of others when we give THE GAME BREEDER them publicity have more weight often than anything we can say. As an illustration, when General Win- gate, of the Wyandanch Club, wrote that it was desirable to take up quail in exposed situations and to feed them in the winter in places where they would be safe from deep snow, he pointed out that it was illegal in New York thus to save the quail. Now it is legal in New York to trap and to thus save the quail in winter and also to trap any species of game for breeding purposes. ~~ FARM GAME. The farmers throughout America are beginning to take a decided interest in the game laws as they affect the value of farm property and country living. Professor Bailey of Cornell Agricultural College, writing ta the editor of The Game Breeder said the farmers’ inter- ests should be considered in making our game laws. More recently Professor Needham of the same college said the farmer should have the right to produce any kind of plant or animal and that he should possess his farm in peace. Often we have pointed out that the at- ‘tempt made by state game departments to rent the shooting on the farms for $1.00 per year to all applicants only could result in a failure to preserve field sports or even to save the game from extinction in closely cultivated regions. The farmers are opposed to having bands of licensed trespassers shoot up their farms. At a hearing before Gov- ernor Glynn some years ago when he was the governor of New York a state senator spoke with much emphasis on this subject. He said the farmers in his © district were opposed to sport and tres- passing sportsmen. Horses, cattle and poultry had been shot on the farms in his district, fences had been broken down, gates left open and other dam- age had resulted from the farms being raided by licensed sportsmen. Farmers who find their trespass signs are not heeded always are ready to put game birds on the song bird list and to - put an end to sport for terms of years or forever. THE GAME BREEDER Where the farmers are wise they will see that all such prohibitive legislation contains a permissive section, similar to section 12 in the new United States stat- ute, protecting migratory wild fowl. 'This section provides that nothing in the law shall be construed to prevent the breeding of game on game farms and “preserves and the sale of the birds in order to increase our food supply. The farmers should not overlook the fact that preventive legislation reduces the value of the farm. They should re- serve the right to have all species of game for profit. If the farmers will insist that they should have the right to produce game profitably, if they wish to do so they will at once add to the value of the farms. No farmer is obliged to have game on his farm if he does not wish to -do so under protective laws. In many cases it is simply a tempting bait for li- censed trespassers. This will not be true when the farmer owns the game he pro- duces on his farm. The farmer who decides to have game for profit, or who decides to rent the shooting on his place to agreeable people who will look after the game properly, soon will find that there is no trespassing and that the game will more than pay the taxes on his lands and buildings and if he wishes to sell game and game eggs he can make a lot of money besides. One thing is certain, a farm where it is legal to produce such a desirable food, as game is, undoubtedly is worth more than one where it is criminal to produce such food either for profit or for sport as the farmer may decide. _ —- 0 DEER AND RABBITS ON THE FARM. Laws protecting deer and_ rabbits often result in these animals becoming more abundant than it is desirable to have them on farms or in farming re- gions. The natural enemies of deer, the cougar, and wildcats, and eagles, are practically extinct in many states, and the illegal killing of a deer is easily de- tected, far more so than the illegal 183: shooting of game birds is. The result is that the deer increase in protected regions and often they do much damage ona farm. Laws have been enacted per- mitting farmers to kill deer when they destroy their crops. The law should provide that deer on a farm belong to the farmer, that he can have deer for profit if he wishes to do so (this now is the law in some states), that he can kill the deer and sell the food or rent the shoot- ing if he wishes to do so. Deer on pub- lic or wild lands and in public parks well may be protected by laws providing for closed seasons and regulating the shoot- ing. Rabbits breed rapidly, several times a year, and the litters average five or six young. In fruit growing and truck farming districts the rabbits do a vast amount of damage. The farmers natur- ally are opposed to the sportsman’s laws protecting these animals for sport. As Mr. Lantry well says, in a bulletin issued by the United States Department of Agriculture: ‘‘There is considerable rivalry between sportsmen and farmers to have their opposing views reflected in game laws.” As a result a good part of the time of the state legislators annually is devoted to a discussion of changes in the game laws, and it is fair to say that this kind of legislation costs hundreds of thousands of dollars every year. Criminal laws should be permanent and not changed every year. It should be’an easy matter to make a rabbit law providing for an open season for these animals during the fall and winter when the flesh is a desirable food and provid- ing that the farmer can kill rabbits at any time on his farm when they are found injurious to his fruit trees or vege- tables, and that he can sell his rabbits alive or dead. The attempt to protect animals for public sport on private farms never has and never can ‘be expected to produce the results sought by the legis- lation. It would be unreasonable to license ball players to play ball in the farmer’s wheat lield, and it is fully as unreasonable to license gunners to shoot rabbits or other game on the farmers’ gardens or orchards and to protect the rabbits in order that sport in such places 184 may be perpetuated. The sooner sports- men become aware that they can not keep up sport on occupied farms against the wishes of the owners the bet- ter it will be for sport. THE FARMER AND THE RABBIT. Since the rabbit no doubt often does a lot of damage on a farm, the farmer should decide if he wishes to have rab- bits and if it will pay to have rabbits. There are various methods of protecting orchards and gardens from rabbits, and there can be no doubt that it will pay to have rabbits on many farms, provided the farmer owns the rabbits and can trap or shoot them and can sell them alive for propagation or as food if he wishes to use or to sell the food. Rabbit shooting is an interesting sport, and the farmer’s \boy will find the sport attrac- tive. Where the shooting is lively the numbers of the rabbits will be kept down. , The rabbit cin be made an interesting and profitable farm asset, provided it pays to look after the game and to keep it from doing any damage to orchard and garden. It should be an easy matter to have plenty of rabbits, and an advertise- ment in The Game Breeder surely will sell them at attractive prices. Rabbits are a good winter food, and it is well known that they are a protection to more desirable and profitable feath- ered game, the quail, grouse and pheas- ants, which should ‘be abundant and pro- fitable on every farm. Foxes and other ground vermin find rabbits easier to catch than winged game is, and Owen Jones, a talented English game-keeper and author, says: “The rabbit is the fox’s bread and butter.” When it pays to have game on a farm, as it now does in states which have en- acted game breeders’ laws, it will pay the farmer to have plenty of rabbits. Sportsmen should make arrangements with the farmers, who are willing to rent shooting, and in many places they now pay all of the farmer’s taxes. Prohibition a Failure. Two years additional immunity for the quail in this state, New York, ‘has been THE GAME BREEDER provided in a bill just signed by Gover- nor Whitman. The quail, or bob white, as it is more familiarly known in certain parts of the state, some years ago be- came so markedly reduced in numbers that in 1913 a five-year closed season was provided for this bird. That period has now elapsed, but, ac- cording to reports received by the con- servation committee from observers in all parts of the state, quail have failed to make much headway in regaining their fermer numbers. The new law has therefore been passed in order that the birds may have further opportunity to reestablish themselves. It is expected they will be assisted by a decrease of their natural enemies, as a result of the rifles with which all game protectors are hereafter to be provided. Long Island is an exception to the new law, where quail are fortunately suffi- ciently numerous to warrant their being taken) from’ Niov. 1 to Dec. 3. In other parts of the state farmers as well as sportsmen, are said to be longing for the return of the quail, which is well known to be a great devourer of weed seeds and injurious insects. According to the Conservation Commission, the quail is one of the few birds known to make a practice of eating potato bugs. Commisioner George D. Pratt says every effort will be made to bring back once more to the farms the cheery call of the bob white, a sound so commonly heard in years gone by. [We suggest to the up-state sportsmen to try the Long Island plan. Start some quail clubs; look after the birds properly; intro- duce some new breeding stock. Start up the shooting before all the bird dogs die of old age. Mischief makers were run off of Long Island by the quail clubs recently and anyone can go out on Long Island and find some quail shooting, since the clubs keep up the supply for others as well as their members.— Editor.] Here is a formula which can be used to advantage in any legislative assembly when it is proposed to make the prairie grouse, the ruffed grouse or others pro- tected songsters: “Nothing in the act shall be construed to prevent the breeding of the birds on farms and their sale for the purpose of increasing the food supply.” THE GAME BREEDER ~ - 185 Wild Mallard Ducks and Ringneck Pheasants WRITE FOR PRICES Scarboro Beach Game Farm R. E. BULLOCK, Manager SCARBORO, - MAINE Member of the Game Guild We Furnish Eggs in Season A Wild Duck Book It is now legal to trap Wild Ducks and other Waterfowl for Breeding Purposes. Our Wild Fowl! and Waders. A handsomely Illustrated Book, written by the Editor of the Game Breeder, tells how to trap wild ducks and how to rear the birds, for sport orfor profit. ‘There are chapters on the forma- tion of wild duck club preserves; the enemies of wild ducks and how to control them; the shooting of ducks, etc. Price, $2.00 Postpaid The Game Conservation Society, Publishers 150 Nassau St. New York, N. Y. In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: “Yours for More Game.” 186 THE GAME BREEDER from rusting. FENCES FOR GAME PRESERVES The accompanying photograph shows one of our Non-Climbable “RIOT ”’ fences, erected by us, with our indestructible steel fence post 8 feet high, surrounding the Yale Bowl Field, New Haven, Conn. ; This fence held in check 80,000 people who attended the Harvard- Yale Game, November 25th, 1916, and 60,000 people who attended the Princeton-Y ale Game, November 13th, 1915. We have this fence and many other excellent designs. It will be to your advantage to secure our Catalogue, that shows many of the best erected fences in this country; also tells about our posts in detail; how to erect a fence; how to paint the fence wire to keep it Become acquainted with our fence building system. It will save you many dollars and a great deal of worry. Fences for every purpose, with either straight or non-climbable post, tennis court back stops, etc., erected by our trained men anywhere. J. H. DOWNS 38 ROOSEVELT AVENUE © Suite Av JERSEY CITY, N. J. RIVER LAWN GAME FARM R. H. SIDWAY GRAND ISLAND, ERIE CoO., N. y. Young Pheasants for Fall delivery extra fine, healthy non-related birds. My birds are raised for my own shooting and are very strong on the wing. | ! Member of The Game Guild. THE HONEYSWEET BLACK RASPBERRY Best for Home and Market - The bushes make good cover for game. Strawberry and Asparagus Plants. Price Lists Free. A. B. KATKAMIER MACEDON, N. Y. FREE FOUNDATION STOCK furnished to raise Rabbits, Cavies or Pigeons. Send dime for particulars and paper. Young’s Tanning Compound, easily applied to any skin, large can $1.00, trial can 50c. Tattoo Ear Marker $1.50. Ear Tags 30c per dozen. Gibson’s wonderful Rabbit Book $1.00. Cavy Book 50c. Squab Culture, a recognized authority on raising pigeons for profit, $1.00. NATIONAL FANCIER & BREEDER 335 South East Avenue, Oak Park, Ill. Member American Game Breeders Society. BOOK ON DOG DISEASES And How to Feed Mailed free to any address by} America’s the Author Pioneer H. CLAY GLOVER CO., Inc., Dog Medicines/118 West 31st Street, New York The Breeders’ and Fanciers’ News SCRANTON, PA. devoted to the breeding and marketing of ducks geese, turkeys (including the wild varieties), rab- bits, cavies. pigeons, ete Organ of the American Buttercup Club, and Waterfowl Club of America. Interesting and instructive articles by able writers. 50c a Year, 3 Years for $1.00 Canada 73c a Year, 3 Years $1.75 Special Trial Offer in U. S., 8 Months for 25c AD. RATES: 75c an inch, or for 3 months or more at rate of 65e aninch. Classitied, 2c a word. Address BREEDERS’ AND FANCIERS’ NEWS 1558 Dickson Ave., Scranton, Pa. “ e 5 A ve. In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: “Yours for More Game. . THE GAME BREEDER 187 OUR FEATHERED GAME} | Our Big Game A manual on American Game Birds with shooting illustrations in color, and bird portraits of all American Game Birds. A manual on the big game of North America with pictures of all big game animals. By D. W. HUNTINGTON By D. W. HUNTINGTON Editor of The Game Breeder _ Editor of the Game Breeder PRICE $2.00 PRICE $2.00 WILD DUCK FOODS Wild Celery, Sago Pond Weed, Widgeon Grass, Red-Head Grass, Chara and other foods which attract water fowl. We have the best duck foods which will attract and hold the game and which impart the finest flavor to the flesh. We plan and arrange the plantings suitable to all waters. GOOD SHOOTING DURING THE OPEN SEASON Iam prepared to entertain a number of sportsmen who wish to shoot wild geese, Canvashack and other wild ducks and quail, snipe, etc. Only small parties can be properly looked after. Appoint- ments to try the shooting and learn about the wild duck foods are made by correspondence. J. B. WHITE WATERLILY, CURRITUCK SOUND, NORTH CAROLINA Member of THE GAME GUILD Game Wanted @ We are in the market to buy game birds and deer raised on licensed game preserves. We can use quantities of venison, pheasants and mallard duck raised on licensed game farms and preserves which can be sold in New York State throughout the year but coming from points outside of New York State preserves must also have the New York State License in order to be permitted to ship in this State and be sold here. If you have game to sell, let us hear from you. House of Me S81Z 414—420 West 14th Street -:- NEW YORK CITY Cable Address, SILZ, NEW YORK, Telephone, CHELSEA 4900 in writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: ‘‘Yours for More Game.” 188 THE GAME BREEDER WILD DUCKS AND WILD GEESE It Is Now Legal to Trap Wild Fowl! for Breeding Purposes Write to The Biological Survey, Washington, D. C., for information about Trapping Permits The book, OUR WILD FOWL AND WADERS, written by the Editor of The Game Breeder, contains full information about the trapping of wild fowl and how to rear the birds for profit and for sport. There are chapters on How to Form Shooting Clubs; How to Control the Enemies of Wild Fowl, etc. Fully illustrated with pictures of ducks on preserves, etc. PRICE, $2.00 POSTPAID THE GAME BREEDER, 150 Nassau St., NEW YORK PROFITS IN FUR FARMING Learn about the wonderful Black Fox Industry which has proven so profitable to breeders. Read the Black Fox Magazine, the only Decoy Owls for Crow and Hawk Shooting paper of its kind in the world. Established 1860 Telephone 4569 Spring SAMPLE COPY FREE. FRED SAUTER Subscription $1.50 per year. Leading Taxidermist of America 42 Bleecker Street New York City Corner Lafayette Street Subway Station at the Door THE BLACK FOX MAGAZINE Specialist in All Branches of Taxidermy 15 Whitehall Street, New York Write for Illustrated Catalogue In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: “Yours for More Game.” Ld THE GAME BREEDER We Are Now Booking Orders for Eggs for Spring Delivery from the following vari- eties of pheasants : Silver, Golden. Ringneck, Lady Amherst, Formosan. White, Mongolian, Reeves, Swinhoe, Versicolor. Impeyan, Soem- merring, Manchurian Eared, Melanotus, Black- throated Golden, Lineated and Prince of Wales. Also Wild Turkeys, Japanese Silkies, Long- tails, and Mallard Ducks. S. C. Buff Orping- ton and R. I. Red fowls. We also offer for sale five varieties of Peafowl. Also Crane, Swan and Fancy Ducks, Doves of several varieties. Deer. Jack Rabbits Z w Ay PURE BRED WILD-TURKEY, Send $1.00 in stamps for Colortupe Catalogue CHILES & COMPANY MT. STERLING KENTUCKY Member of The Game Guild Member of The American Game Breeders Society 189 TOO LATE TO CLASSIFY WILD AND BRONZE TURKEY EGGS. PARCEL Post Prepaid. VALLEY VIEW FARM, Belleville, Pennsylvania, 1t PHEASANTS WANTED I will buy ringnecked pheasants regardless of sex as long as they are strong, healthy birds, large and not over two years old. Will purchase small or large num- bers for cash. Reference by permission to the Game Breeder. ROBT. BOWMAN, care Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York, N. Y. BANTAMS --GOOD GENTLE BIRDS SUITABLE for quail and pheasant breeding JOHN E. DARBY, Prop., Maplehurst Poultry Farm, Croswell, Michigan. BANTAMS - WILBERT’S FAMOUS BANTAMS, Forty varieties. Shipped on approval. Catalog 3¢. F. C. WILBERT, Grand Rapids, Michigan. GAMEKEEPER, SITUATION WANTED, PRAC- tical and reliable manager and head gamekeeper of gentleman’s shooting preserve. Handler and trainer of high class shooting dogs. Widely experienced here and abroad in breeding, rearing and developing puppies; skilled shot, expert trapper of vermin, Aliso a thorough expert on rearing game, A capable man to show sport, References. J. H. WISE, 214 East 68th St., New York. 1t RUFUS REDS, GAME BIRDS, FURBEARERS Our literature of National Show Champions, Rufus Reds. How we raise and sell them at pop- ular prices, also price list pheasants, game birds and fur-bearing animals, FREE on application. W. F. KENDRICK, President, The Ameri- can Game Association, Denver, Colorado. FOR SALE, WELL-BRED SETTERS Dogs Trained for Shooting. Young Dogs Suitable for Training. WRITE FOR PRICES THE RIVER LAWN KENNELS Grand Island Erie Co., New York Member of The Game Guild DOGS EGGS HOUNDS—ALL KINDS. BIG 50 PAGE CATALOGUE 10¢. ROOKWOOD KENNELS, Lexington, Kentucky. THE BLUE GRASS FARM KENNELS, of Berry, Ky., otter forsale setters and pointers, fox and cat hounds, wolf and deer hounds. Coon and opossum hounds, var; mint and rabbit hounds, bear and lion hounds, also Aire- ‘dale terriers, All dogs shipped on trial, purchaser to judge the quality, satisfaction guaranteed or money re- funded. Sixty page, highly illustrated, instructive and interesting catalogue for ten cents in stamps or coin, AIREDALE TERRIERS. The genuine one-man dog. Pedigreed, registered pups. Males $25.00. Females, $15.00, Guaranteed Satisfactory. L. E, GALLUP, 2209 Ogden, Omaha, Nebraska, TWO THOUSAND PHEASANT EGGS FOR SALE. Pure Chinese, $3.50 per dozen, Ringnecks, Golden, Silver and Mallard Duck, $3.00 per dozen. $20.00 per hundred. CLASSIC LAKE WILD FOWL FARM, Manzanita, Oregon. 4t RINGNECK PHEASANT EGGS FOR SALE. $25.00 per 100 Golden Pheasant Eggs, 60c. each. Day old Pheasants, 60c. each, Booking orders now. Mrs. EDGAR TILTON, Suffern, N.Y. 5st STOCK AND EGGS OF RINGNECKS, LADY Amherst, Golden and Silyer Pheasants. Wild strain Mallards. Japanese Silkies, Buff Cochin Bantams. ““Ringlet’? Barred Plymouth Rock Chickens Peafowl: MES. IVER CHRISTENSON, Jamestown, Kansas. 0.1. : 6t — In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: ‘“Yours for More Game.” 190 THE GAME BREEDER Breeders’ Cards WILD TURKEYS Pure Bred Wild Turkeys Eggs in Season MARY WILKIE Beaver Dam, Virginia Member cf the Game Guild PHEASANTS, PIGEONS AND EGGS. Pheasants, Amherst, Silver, Gold- en, Reeves, Mongolian, Swinhoe, Versicolor, Ringnecks, Cochin Bantams, White King Pigeons. Eggs in Season. BLUE RIBBON POULTRY AND PHEASANT FARM Davenport Neck, Phone 655, New Rochelle, N. Y. Member of- the Game Guild. REGISTERED BLACK FOXES, TROUT & HARES. Rugged pups, bred on highest ranchin America. 1917 Breeding Record. 8 litters from 8 females. Also Mountain Brook Trout. Milch Goats. Belgium and Flemish Hares. BORESTONE MOUNTAIN FOX RANCH Onawa - Maine Member of the Game Guild. PHEASANT EGGS AND PHEASANTS Pheasant eggs for sale up to May 15, $25.00 per hundred. 110 eggs sent for cash with order after May 15, $20 per 110 eggs. Pheasants for Sep- tember and October delivery. Write for prices. GEORGE BEAL, Levana Game Farm, R No. 1, Englishtown, New Jersey. LIVE GAME, ELK, DEER, WILD Turkeys, Quail, Pheasants, Ducks, and all other game. Eggs in season. See space advertise- ment. W. J. MACKENSEN, Yardley, Pa. Member of the Game Guild. QUAIL QUAIL Bobwhite Quail, Eighteen Dol- lars per qocens Blue or Sealed Quail, FifteenDollars per dozen TWO Twenty east oxnenience in handling quail. afe arriva SPECIES guaranteed. PAN AMERICAN BIRD CO., Laredo, Texas. {n writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: DARK MALLARD Black Duck, Mallard Hybrids These ducks are reared on free range especiallyfor shooting and for decoys. Sr They are strong on the wing. Big yack egg producers under control rising Price $3.50 per pair; $1.75 each ee ALBERT F. HOLMES ea : 8 Bosworth St., Boston, Mass. : Doce es Member of the Game Guild BREEDER OF FANCY PHEASANTS Eggs inseason. Amhersts, Silver, Golden, Versicolor, Mongolian, Reeves, Ringnecks, Manchurian, Elliott, Swinhoe, Impeyan, Mela- notus, Soemmering. GRAY’S GOLDEN POULTRY FARM Gifford Gray, Orange, New Jersey Member of the Game Guild. DR. FRANK KENT Importer Bob: White Quail San Antonio, Texas. Book your orders now for early Fall and Spring delivery. Bank references. - Member of the Game Guild. SEA CLIFF PHEASANT RY We have nearly all.of the rare pheas- ants and cranes, also white, Java and black shouldered Japanese Peafowl. Mandarin ducks. Eggs in Season for sale. Write for prices and particu- | lars BALDWIN PALMER \ Villa Serena, Sea Cliff, Long Island, N. Y. Member of the Game Guild. 6t PHEASANTS ENGLISH, RINGNECKS White Guineas and White Cochin Bantams Baby Pheasants and Eggs in Season | THE HIRSCH POULTRY YARDS ; 45th Place, Lyons, Illinois Pearl WILD DUCKS The practical rearing of wild ducks = is fully described _ in the illustrated book, ‘Our Wild Fowland Waders,’’ * written by the Editor of the Game = Breeder. Price $2.00 post paid. : THE GAME CONSERVATION SOCIETY, Publishers 150 Nassau St., New York “Yours for More Game.’ THE GAME BREEDER GAME BIRDS All American game birds are fully described in the illustrated book, the Editor of the Game Breeder Price $2.00 For sale by THE GAME CONSERVATION SOCIETY 150 Nassau St., New York GOLDEN, SILVER, AMHERST, REEVES and RINGNECK PHEASANTS. All pure bred, strong healthy birds. Must be seen to be appreciated. Prices reasonable. Eggsin season. THOS. F. CHESEBROUGH Northport, Long Island, N. Y. 191 ““Our Feathered Game,’’ written by WATER FOWL. | can supply nearly all species of wild water fowl and eggs at attractive prices. Mallards, Pin- tails, Teal, Canvasbacks, Red Heads, Gadwalls, _Widgeons, Spoonbills, Canada Geese, Snow Geese and other wild ducks and geese. Write, stating what you want. GEORGE J. KLEIN, Naturalist Ellinwood, Kansas PHEASANTS AND PHEASANT EGGS. Mrs. G. H. ROBBINS, Route 2, Hood River, Ore. CLASSIFIED ADVERTISEMENTS Announcements inserted under this head in small type for 3 cents per word. > If displayed in heavy type, 5 cents per word. No advertisement accepted for less than 30 cents. Postage stamps accepted in payment. THE GAME BREEDER 150 Nassau. Street New York City EGGS FOR HATCHING -PHEASANTS—ENGLISH Ringneck, $35.00 for 160 eggs. English Ringneck, $3.60 per clutch. Golden, $55.00 for 160 eggs. Golden, $6.00 per clutch. Cash with order. Satisfaction guaranteed. OCCONEECHEE FARM, Poultry and Game Depart- ment, Hillsboro, North Carolina, 8t RABBIT AND HARE SOCIETY OF CANADA Breeders should write for constitution and by-laws, JOHN E,. PEART, Secretary, Hamilton, Ontario, 12t LIVE GAME AMHERST, REEVES, SILVER AND MONGOLIAN Pheasant eg gs $5.00 a dozen, two dozen, $9.00. Chinese Ringnecks, $350 a dozen, $25.00 a hundred. Mongolians, #35.00a hundred “Pheasant Farmirg,’’ illustrated, 50c. SIMPSON’S PHEASANT FARM, Corvatlis, Oregon. at WANTED 10 BUY... PHIBAGAINGISH 2s I WANT Silvers. Lady Amherst, Golden and Reeves, Quote Prices, Ages Quantity. j and Morgan’s. Phsntrv, 244 HK. 61st St., Los Angeles, Cal. YOUNG GOLDEN AND AMHERST PHEASANTS, 1918 hatch, ready to breed this Spring. Per pair, golden, $10.00: Ambherst, $12.00. G. L. DAVIS, Mt. Sinai, We Mg She SE 2t WILD TUORKEYs—For prices see display advertisement in this issue. W. J. MACKENSEN, Yardley, Bucks County, Pa. PHEASANTS FOR SALE—RINGNECKS, SILVER, Goldens, Mongolians, Formosan, Prince of Wales, Lady ‘Amhersts, Reeves, Swinhoes, Melanotus, Versicolor, Man- churian Eared. ROBINSON BROS., Aldershot, Ontario, Canada. 3t PURE BRED WILD WATERFOWL AT FOLLOW ing prices: Mallards. $3.75 per pair. Pintails, $3 25 per pair. Green Wing Teal, $5.00 per pair. Blue Wing Teal, $3.75 per pair. Also reiheads, Gadwalls, Widgeons, anvasbacks, Spoonbills, at'reasonable prices. for propa- gating and scientific purposes. GEORGE J. KLEIN. Ellinwood, Kansas. FOR SALE—RINGNECK PHEASANTS, MALES $3.00, hens $4.00. LULU H. CURRY, Roseville, I]l. HOYT’S CALIFORNIA PHEASANTRY, PRICELIST. FRED D. HOYT, Hayward, California, GRAY STAR PHEASANTRY Breeder of ail kinds of pheasants. Eggs in season, Pure brand, strong, healthy birds for sale. GIFFORD GRAY, 21 Ward St., Orange, N. J. FOR SALE—Pheasants and eggs. Everything in the pheasant family. Pamphlet witn order free. BUCK- WOOD PHEASANTRIES, Duntield, Warren Co., New Jersey. (rot) QUAIL, PARTRIDGES, WILD FOWL, DEER AND other animals. See display advertisement in this issue. WM. J. MACKENSEN, Proprietor Pennsylvania Pheas- antry and Game Park. CANADA WILD GEESE AND THEIR GOSLINGS— A limited number for sale now—the surest way to start breeding this species. We are the oldest and largest breeders of Canadas 1n this country. Black and White Swans,Wild Ducks, etc , forsale. WHEALTON WATER FOWL FARMS, Chincoteague Island. Va. FOR SALE—PHEASANTS, PEA FOWL, PIGEONS, Poultry, Bantams and bit Games Eggs from tiie above stock for sale. Rabbits, Cavies, Squirrels, fur bearing animals, etc, I buv, sell and exchange. L L KIRKPATRICK, Box 273, Bristol, Tenn. WANTED—WHITE PEAFOWL, EiTHER SEX Pied Peafowl, Soemmerring, Cheer, Hoki and German Peacock Pheasants, Ruffed Grouse, and White Squirrels. Also Swinhoes; state ptice aud number. R. A. CHILES & CO., Mt. Sterling. Ky. Pheasants Wanted WANTED. ELLIOTT, MIKADO, SATYR, TRAGOPAN and Linneated Pheasants. Mature birds only. Write A. J. MERLE, Alameda, Cal. ot In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: “Yours for More Game.” 192 THE GAME BREEDER Notice to Purchasers. Purchasers can rely upon advertisers in The Game Breeder. The Game Conservation Society has a committee known as the Game Guild, which investigates complaints promptly and insists upon fair dealing under a penalty of dismissal from membership and the loss of the right to advertise in the magazine. There are very few complaints in a year, for the most part due to shipments of eggs. These have been uniformly adjusted to the satisfaction of the seller and purchaser. Any member making a complaint should state that in placing his order he mentioned the fact that it was due to an advertisement in The Game Breeder. All mem- bers of the Society are urged to buy from those who support the publication by advertising in it. FIVE VARIETIES OF PHEASANTS, WILD DUCKS. Wild Geese, Brants. Wild Turkeys and other Game, List for stamp. G. H. HARRIS, Taylorville, Illinois. 4t FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE—FOR FANCY DUCKS, geese or pheasants. 15 pair of 1918 hatch Muscovey ducks. 15 pair 1918 pit games. Grey’s, Spangles, and Black Breasted Reds. Genuine pit “birds. Ducks $8.00 per pair, $10.00 per trio. ED, J. MEYER, Meyer Lake Stock Farm, Canton, Ohio. 2t WILD TURKEYS FOR SALE, LARGE, HARDY specimens, Satisfaction guaranteed. LEWIS COMPTON, Dias Creek, New Jersey. 1 2b FOR SALE—PURE MONGOLIAN PHEASANTS. C. W. SIEGLER, Bangor, Wisconsin. at SEVEN MALLARD DRAKES FOR $10.00 or $1.50 each. JOHN KIERKSCHT, Logan, Iowa. it THE BLACK SIBERIAN HARE IS OF ENORMOUS size. It grows faster, matures and breeds earlier than any other rabbit, but best of all is its delicious meat and beautiful fur. Write for information and _ prices. SIBERIAN FUR FARM, Hamilton, Canada. 6t GLENWOOD PHEASANTRIES, HADLYME, CONN. Ringneck phaesant eggs for sale. Price $25.00 per 100. R. K. McPHAIL. 4t FOODS WILD DUCK FOODS Wild duck food plants, and seed Wild Celery, Sago Pond Weed, Widgeon grass, Red head grass, Chara and other kinds. ° There are hundreds of thousands of acres of water marshes where these, the best of duck foods, will grow and hold the game. Write and learn how to do it. WHITE’S GAME PRESERVE, Waterlily, N. C. Currituck Sound, GAMEKEEPERS GAMEKEEPER AT LIBERTY. RELIABLE, WANTS position on club preserve or game farm. Experienced on game and ornamental birds or animals, gun dogs and extermination of vermin. MILTON, in care of Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York. 6t WANTED—GAMEKEEPER. MUST UNDERSTAND all duties. Write, H. C. VINCENT, 514 Main St., Joplin, Mo. , 1t WANTED — POSITION AS MANAGER ON GAME farm or shooting preserve. Long experience raising game birds. Understand raising and training shooting dogs, and trapping vermin. A. S. B., care of Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York, N. Y. WANTED. SITUATION AS GAMEKEEPER, EX- perienced on game rearing and dog training. Married. Apply H. care of THE GAME BREEDER, 150 Nassau St., New York. GAMEKEEPER DESIRES SITUATION, THOR- oughly understands all duties, etc. Best references from Europe and this country. M.. J. F., care of The Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York City. 4t WANTED SITUATION—A GAMEKEEPER FAMIL- iar with pheasant and poultry rearing. I have also had experience in general farming and can plan the planting for game. BRUCE LANE, care of Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York. 6t WANTED—SITUATION AS GAMEKEEPER, THOR- oughly experienced in rearing Pheasants. Wild Turkeys and Wild Ducks. Good references. GAMEKEEPER, 463 East 57th St., N. Y. C. it MISCELLANEOUS FOR SALE—GAME FARM. TWO HUNDRED AND fifty acres. Twenty-eight deer. Fine new log bungalow. Fine hunting. A beautiful home. Price $60.00 per acre. Owner G. D. GORNS, Purdue, Douglas Co., Oregon, 2t RINGNECK PHEASANTS, $5.00 A PAIR. GOLDENS, $10.00 a pair. Guaranteed strong and in the pink of con- dition for Spring breeding. Osder now as I havea limited supply of birds. LILLIAN E, GALLUP, 2209 Ogden, Omaha, Nebraska. rt BREEDING STOCK OF PHEASANTS FOR SALE —-Ringnecks, Silver, Goldens, Mongolians, Formosan, Prince of Wales, Lady Amhersts, Reeves, Swinhoes. Melanotus, Japanese Versicolors, Manchurian Eared, ROBINSON BROS,, Aldershot, Ont., Can, “THE RANCH BRED FOX,” THE BEST BOOK published on Fox farming. Tells all about this wonderful industry. Price 25c. postpaid. THE BLACK FO MAGAZINE, 15 Whitehall St., New York ; WANTED—PARTY TO TAKE HALF INTEREST IN a well established wild fowl farm. Address ‘‘OWNER,”’ care of The Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., N. Y. C. 1t GAMEKEEPER, HEAD, WISHES SITUATION. Thoroughly experienced, rearing pheasants and wild ducks. Also the trapping of vermin, care and manage- ment of dogs, deer, decoys, boats, etc, Apply to W., care of The Game Breeder, 150 Nassau Street, N. Y. City. 1t HEAD GAMEKEEPER’S SON SEEKS SITUATION as gamekeeper. 11 years experience and 11 years good references. Understands all duties. Age 25 years. Apply DAVID GORDON, Hadlyme, Conn. 1t WANTED, A SMALL COUNTRY PLACE ON LONG Island with a house of-six or eight rooms and land suit- able for farming, State acreage, location, price and terms. B,. J., care Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., N. Y. WANTED TO RENT, WITH PRIVILEGE OF purchase, Long Island farm with good buildings. Place must have a small pond or stream suitable for ducks. GAME PRESERVE, care Editor Game Breeder, 150 Nassau Street, New York. {n writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: “Yours for More Game.” Quail, Bobwhites and Other Species NOW IS THE TIME TO BUY QUAIL FROM Mackensen Game Park I carry the largest stock in America of live game birds, ornamental birds and quadrupeds. Also Pheasant Eggs by the 100 &1000 I am prepared to fill the largest orders for Pheasants ‘| and Eggs, and for years I have filled practically all of | the large State orders for both Partridges and Pheasants. All Pheasant Eggs Are from My Own Pens Pheasants My Pheasant pens hold thousands of Pheasants and I am prepared to furnish these birds in large numbers to State de- partments, individual breeders and preserves. Wild Duck Mallards, Black Duck, Teal, Wood-Duck, Pintails and other species can be supplied in large numbers at at- tractive prices. Also Mandarins and all other water fowl. Now is the Time to Buy Wild Turkey Eggs ——AND— Wild Turkeys I am now the largest breeder and dealer in Wild Turkeys and can supply these birds in good numbers to State Departments and preserve owners. I carry the largest stock in America of ornamental birds and animals. My ponds now contain nearly 200 beat Soe Swans of England. I have fine lot of the beautiful pink FLAMINGOES and the very large Europese PELICANS. Also STORKS, CRANES, PEAFOWL, fancy GEESE and DUCKS. My pheasant pens contain over a thousand Ringneck and fancy PHEASANTS. All stock is kept under practically natural conditions. I have 80 acres of land entirely devoted to my business. Can also promptly furnish BUFFALOES, DEER, LLAMAS, RABBITS, etc. Orders booked during summer. I have for years filled practically all the large State Orders and have better facilities for handling large orders than any other firm. Write me before buying elsewhere—it will pay you to do go. Your visit soldctted. I am only 60 miles from New York and 30 miles from Philadelphia. WM. J. MACKENSEN Department V. YARDLEY, BUCKS COUNTY, PA. a Memiser of The Game Gunild Game Farm or Preserve A large tract of land suitable for a game farm or preserve is offered for sale at an attractive. price, The land is near New York on a good Automobile Road and contains a large pond and stream. There are some trout and the waters can be made to yield large numbers of these fish. The land is suitable for deer, upland game and wild ducks. I shall be pleased to show this property to anyone wishing to start a game farm or preserve. The place is within fifty miles of the City and can be reached by Automobile in an hour and a half. For particulars address, OWNER Care Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York MCZ ERNST MAYR LIBRARY MAQUI | 3 2044 Date Due