LIBRARY MASSACHUSETTS AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE No._ .ri L*ii — DATE_b'-T_Lasa. 3 I -Dec. December 25, 1886. THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE, ^ OTeeklg Criustratetr journal Horticulture and Allied Subjects. (ESTABLISHED IN 1841.) VOL. XXVI.-NEW SERIES. JULY TO DECEMBER, 1886. LONDON: 41, WELLINGTON STEBET, COVENT GAEDBN, W.C. 1886. 188(3 LONDON : BRADBURY, AGNEW, & CO., PRINTERS, WHITEKRIARS. The Gardeners' Chronicle,] [D&ctmber25, i836 JULY TO DECEMBER, 1886. Abelia trifljra, 82 Abies and Picea, the names, 682. 638 ; A. concolor, 791 ; A. Douglasii glauca, 106 ; A. Lowiana, 307. 757 ; A, Pin- drow, 52 ; A. Piiisapo, 8 Abroma augu=;ta, 370 Abutilons as climbers, 627 Acacia fistula, 722 Ac32na argentea, 82 Achillea Millefolium, rose v^t., 82 ; A. rupestris, 625 Acorn galls, 104, 168 Adelaide, 301 Adiantum Capillus-veneris, 27 ; A. cune- atum elegans, 43; ; A. Farleyense, 692, 754' 756. 790- 8^^ > '* spore bearing, 726; A. gracillimum, 19; A. peHucidum, 19 ; seedling E. H. Walion, 627 Adonis pyrenaica, i8r Aerides Rohaniana, 393 African opium in China, 338 Aganisia tricolor, 75 Agaricus campestris, 492 ; A. personalus, dangerous, 307, 371 Agave americana, flowering, 243 ; A. fiiifera at Edinburgh, 300 ; flowering of, 80 Agricultural education, 466 ; lectures, 403 ; returns of Great Britain for 1886, 238 : returns, the, for r886, 683 Agri-Horticultural Society of India, {grafting Mangos), 114 ; of Madras, 301 Aji-Aji, the Pepper of Peppers (Capsi- cum), 532 Alcohol from the Prickly Pear, 594, 784 Aldershot, Royal visit to, 51 Algerian plants, book on. 474 Algiers, Phylloxera in, 112 Allotment land, 404 Allotments, number and area in Great Britain, 722 Alluvial Manure Co., 622 Almanac, the, 812 Alocasia Lindeni, 242 Aloes 754 Alpine garden, the, 299, 438, 520, 589, 748 Alpine plants, in season, 210 ; how to sow seeds o(, 748 ; soil for, 520 ; where to find, 135 ; burnt earth for, 500 Alps, Ferns of the, 435 Amaryllis, the, 202, 755 ; autumn flower- ing. 471 Amasonia punicea, 502 Amateur bulb dealers, 279, 359 American Apples, 791 American Apple crop, the, 366 American Exhibition, the, 721 American Peaches, 271, 363 Amiltas, the (Cassia Fistula). 147 Amorphophallus titanum, 432 Ampelopsis. cuttings of, 270 Andromeda cassinifolia, io5 Anemone fulgens, what cultivation does, 275 Anemones, 121 ; from seed, 564 ; in July, 82 Angrtecum caudatum. 558 ; A. Scoltia- num. 331 ; A. sesquipedale, 75 Annuals, 215 ; as decorative flowers, 183 ; beautiful, 534 Ansellia congoensis, 779 Anthurium album maximum flavescens a/ias A. Scherzerianum, var. lacteum, 338 : A. Mooreanum, 497 Antiquities, protective resemblances amongst, 307 Apiary, the, 42. 117, 180, 238, 268, 302, 404, 491, 531. 595. 659, 718, 778 Apocynum androssemifolium, 153 Apple, a large Emperor Alexander. 440 ; Beauty of Eatli, 326 ; Bismarck, 434 ; crop, the American, 366 ; Leyden Pippin, 232 ; Nancy Jackson, 533 ; Rambour Mortier, 119; heavy, 534 ; Nova Scotian, 395, 818 ; stocks for~62S Apples and Pears, diseases o). in the North, 536 ; English and American, 79 1 Apricot Kaisha, 759 Aquilegia Skinneri, 146 Aralia Chabrieri = Elseodendron, 690 ; A. Maxjmowiczii, 339 Araucaria imbricata, post-mortem on an. 620 Araucarias at the Cape, i86 ; coning, 52 Aiboretum, the Arnold, 204 Arddarroch. 615 Ardisia, an extraordinary, 626 ; A. ja- ponica, 232, 278 Arenaria norvegica in Scotland. 53G Ari>a2ma laminatum, 178 Aristolochia trilobata. 146 Arnold Arboretum, the, 204 Arracacca, 50 Arran, Australian and New Zealand trees in. 679 712 ; miscellaneous plants that have bloomed in. 714 Arrangements at flower shows, 403 Artichokes, Jerusalem. 584 Arundinaria, flowtringot, 150 ; A. Khasi- ana. 308 Aster and Stock seed saving at Forest Hill, 438 ; seed growing at Forest Hill, 470 Aster cabulicus. 82 ; A. Comet, 809 ; A gymnocephalus, 270 ; A. ptarmicoides, Asters, supplementary list of perennial, 659 Ashes, hybrid. 370 Ashton Court, notes from, 494 Asplenium germanicum. 470 Astrantia carniolica, 82 ; A. maxima, 52 Auricula show for the North, 790 Auriculas, 120 Australia. Eucalypti of, 212 ; indigenous vegetation of, 212 Australian and New Zealand trees in Arran. 679, 712. 714 Australian beauty spot, an, 362 Australian seeds, botanical names of some, 251 Austrian school of horticulture. 624 Austro- Hungary, vegetable products of, 146 Autumn-flowering Amaryllis, 471 Autumn leaves for bouquets, 562 ; lints, 493 Awards made at the Liverpool Show, 50 Ayrton. the late Mr., 722 Azalea. Deutsche Perle,^ 439 ; A. occi- dentalis, 404 B R-ECKIA astarteoides, 83 Baker, Mr. E., 20B Balsams from Messrs. Carter & Co., 145 Banana culture in Costa Rica, 50 Bananas, hardy in Surrey, 306 ; in Te- neriffe, 498 Randina Boxwood, 246 Barbados, origin of name,'i46 Barkeria elegans. 361 Barley experiments, 498 Barometer, English v. French, 442 Baronhill, 237 Bauhinia tomentosa var. glabra, 814 Bayfordbury, Cedars at, 427, 520. 552 Beans, French. 814; Tonquin, 496 Beauiy spot, an Australian, 362 Bedding stuff, to increase by cuttings, 142 Bedfont, Feltham, seed-grounds at, 264 Beeches, single v. in line. 427 Bee flowers, 268 ; plants, 268, 756, 790 Bees, 214 ; and colour, 439, 471, 534, 597 ; and Snapdragon flowers, 595 ; lazy. 238, 2O8 ; wax. 618 Begonia, a fine, 53 ; B. Hoegeana, 209 ; B. lucida var. rosea, 370 ; monstrous, a, 178 ; B. Princess Beatrice. 471 ; B. so- cotrana flowering from the bulb. 692 Begonias, at Messrs. Sutton's, 203 ; double tuberous-rooted, 535 ; tuberous- rooted, 296, 307 ; at Messrs. Laing"s, Forest Hill, 535 Belgian Horticultural Societies, Feder- ation of, 242 Belgian horticulturists, excursion of, 18 Bellicide, 692 Berberidopsis corallina, 8i6 Berberis asiatica as a hedge plant, 304 ; Japanese, 306 Berlin Gardens, the. 688 Berries, Berberis aquifolia, if poisonous, 345 Bigarreau Cherry Leon Quesnel, 326 Birchfield, Fallowfield, 44 Birmingham Gardeners' Mutual Improve- ment Society. 49 Birtwell, Thomas, 338 Black Country flower shows, 114 Black spot on leaves of Camellia and Orange. 530 Black Walnut, the. 616 Bletia verecunda, 140. 424 Bog garden in the Royal Botanic Gar- den, Edinburgh, 174 Boiler contest at Liverpool, the, 18, 48, 118, 182, 245 Boiler, Trenthani greenhouse, 148 Boiler, Weeks' fireplace, 788 Boilers, 373 Books Noticed :— Advertisers' A. B.C.. the, 530 Algerian Plants, see p. 474 Church Decoration, see p. 470 Colour, see p. 118, Bee Manual (Victor Rendu). 112 Bees and Bee-keeping (Cheshire), 141. British Orchids (Webster), 814 " Building News," 814 Carnations and Picotees, (E. S. Dod- well). 46 Chrysanthemums and their Culture (E. Molyneux), 625 Colonial and Indian Exhibition. 1886. Empire of India. Products of (Dr. George Watt). 723 Compendio delta Flora Italiano (GibeUi), 112 Construction of Silos and the Com- pression of Green Crops for Silage ( r. Potter), 532 Diciionnaire de Botanique(BailIon).784 Farthing Dinners (G. H. Sargant). 785 Flora of British India (Sir Joseph Hooker), 304 Flora of Ceylon as affected by Climate, on the (Hy. Trimen), 499 Flora of Oxfordshire (Druce). 499 Fodder Grass of India, illustrations of, (T. D. Bona). 242 Food Grains of India (A. H. Church, M.A), 690 Future of the Date Palm in India (Bonavia), 78a Gardens of Light and Shade. 45 Golden Feather (Baring Gould). 275 Handbuch der Pflanzenkrankheitcn (Dr. P. Sorauer). 44 Histoire des Plantes (Baillon). 242 How I Managed and Improved my Estate, 115 HowtoGrow Peaches. Nsclarines. and Pears on Open Walls (R. Smith). 338 Icones Plantaruin (Hooker), 752 Illustrated Handbook of Victoria (Dow, Elliott. Von Mueller, Bosisto. Guil- foyle), 499 Illustrations of the Flora of the Pacific Llands (M. E. Diake del Castillo), 242 Insurance Year Book, 7<;4 Law of Allotments (T. Hall Hall, M.A.), 531 Lectures on the Physiology of Plants (S. H. Vines. M.A., D.Sc, &c.). 562 Life Histories of Plants (Prof. D. Mc Alpine). 723 Malesia, 82, 496 Manual of Orchidaceous Plants ( Veitch), 814 Mary's Meadow, and Letters from a Little Garden (Mrs. Ewing). 530 Mushrooms for the Million (). Wright), 365 Myroporineas. V. Mueller on, 402 Oceana (Froude) 242 Origin of Cultivated Plants (Alph. de CandoUe), 499 Practical Treatise on the Growing of Tobacco in Ireland, 242 Report of the Diseases of Apples and Pears (F. S. Crawford), 754 Rosarian's Year Book. 752 Rus in Urbe (Mrs. Haweis). 179 School of Forest Engineers in Spain (J. C. Brown. LL.D.). 532 Sub-tropical Cultivators and Climates (Haldane), 499 Tobacco Cultivation as a Field Crop (J. Carters Co.) Borneo, Tobacco culture in. 750 Botanical Collectors, 370 ; exchange club, 434 Djl-ittical Magazine, us, 242, 337, 496, 625, 784, 814 Botanic Gardens, Cambridge, 83, 395 Glasgow, temperature, &c., 214 ; Seeb- pore, 218 Botanic Gardens, 722 Botanical Rambles in South China, 586, 618, 650 Botanical department, Jamaica. 752 Botanists, honours to Californian, 785' Botany and horticulture in India, 147 Botany, at Liverpool U niversity, new commercial class of, 434 ; in Medical Education 402 ; cultural, 361 Bouquets, Christmas. 807 Bouvardia Humboldti corymblflora, 501 ; planting out in summer. 501 Bouvardias, 364 ; turned out. 598 Boxwood, Bandina, 246; Caucasus, 434 Bradford Girdeners' Mutual Improve- ment Society. 471; School of Science and Art, 562, 66r Brassavola Digbyana, 43 Brick Tea, 50 British Association. 333 British Columbian trees, 120 ; fungi, 496 ; plants, white forms of, 244 ; wmes, 562 Broccoli, 524 lirodirea Douglasii. 625 Broxbourne. 711 ; rock plants at, 234 Buddleia curviflora, 179 ; B. globosa ia fruit, 306 Buffalo berries, import of, 114 Bulb dealers, amateur. 279. 330 ; g.arden, the, 303. 495. 563. 744, 810 Bulbs, Cape. 601 ; treatment of, 90 Bulbs, cumulative beneath ground. 439 ; how they descend into the soil, 626 ; proliferous Narcissus. 372 ; and tubers planting. 495 Buphane toxicaria, 47 Bupleurum fructicosum, 82 Burnt earth for alpines, 500 Butternut, the, 623, 784, 594 Cabbage, a good. 502 Cactus spirit. 594, 784 Caladmms. 15 Calandrinia umbellata, 299, 439 Calanthe versicolor, 179 Calceolaria Burbidgei, 46^; C. Sinclair!, f2 Calceolarias, 203 Callipsyche mirabilis, 181 Calophylla grandiflora. 427 Cambridge Botanic Gardens, 83. 393 Camel's. Father, plants, 727 Camellia, the, 689 ; C. sanguinea, 790 Camellias, striking cuttings of, 123 Campanula Allioni, 12 ; C. macrostyla, 239; C. persicifolia. 528; C. Raineri, 150 Canadian fruit at Edinburgh, 531 ; at South Kensington, 530 Canada, produce from, 434 Cannell & Sons, Chrysanthemums at, 685 Cape Boxwood, 715 ; bulbs. 561 ; treat- ment of, 90 ; woods, 756 Capers, 557. 593 Capparis spinosa, 557 Capsicum. Aji-aji, 532 Carnation Lady Agnes. 245 ; C. Souvenir de la Malmaison at Rangemore, 334 Carnations and Picotees. 13. 120; at Slough, list of. 149 ; winter-flowering, 494 ; yellow ground, 121 Carnations at Messrs. Veitch's, in ; diseases of, 244 ; dwarf tree, 424 ; tree, 520 Carnivorous Nepenthes, 502 Carpenteria californica, 115, 149, 174, 339 : flowering of, 306 Carriage-building trade, 531 Carse of Gowrie, sale of orchard fruit at, 306 Carter's Provident Sick Fund, 657 ; To- bacco experiments, 339 ; Wheats, hybrid. 240 Cassia Fistula (Amiltas), 147 ; C. lignea and the Chinaman, 82 Catasetum Bungerothii, 785 ; C. longi- foUum, 654 Caterpillar, eating skin of ripe Grapes, 220 ; on Tobacco, 569 Cattleya bicolor Wrigleyana, 393 Cattleya, " blue," a new, 8n Cattleya calummatax, 524; C. crocata, 331 ; C. Dowiana var. aurea, 360 ; C. iildorado, 155 ; C. Qaskelliana, 7^ ; C , IV The GarJcncrfc' Chronicle.l INDEX. gigas, T04 ; C. labiata var. Mossi?e, 75 ; C. Lawrenccana, 466 ; C. Loddigesii. Dr. Duke's var.. Bii ; C. Koddigesii Candida, 331 ; C Measuresii, 526 ; C. Mossire, 360 ; a fine specimen of. 400 ; three*anthered, a, 11 Cattleyas, treatment of, in July, 83 ; and Lrelias. potting of, 303 Ceanothus Gloire de Versailles, 217 Cedar at Bretby Park, 406 Cedars at Bayfordbury. 427, 520, 552 ; of I^ebanon ripening seed, 558 Cedrelaodorata in South Africa, 186 Celery disease. Puccinia bullata, 7.^6 ; history of, 296 ; leaves disfigured, 44.; ; White Plume. 8t6 Centaurea glastifolia, 82 ; C. [macro- .cephala, 82, 168, 215 Centigrade and Fahrenheit, 33B Cerasus Watereri, 716 Cerinthe minor, 242 Ceylon, 153, 499 ; Cinchona cultivation in, 154 Cheal's Nursery, 421 Chemical constituents in a ton of various kinds of fruits, 139 Cherry-wood, 622 Chick house, 75 China, plant exchange in, 146 ; South, botanical rambles in, 586. 650 Chinese, economic plants, notes on, 40 ; plants, 242 ; Primrose, double, 52 Chiriqui, a trip to, 140, 200 Chiswick, Scientific and Literary Society, ,114: Young Gardeners' Mutual Im- provement Society, 496 Choisya ternata, 106 Christmas bouquets, 807 ; decorations, 784 ; Mistletofor, 786 Chrysanlhemum, G. Werniig, 459 ; C Leu- canthemum. 82 ; C. maximum, 274; C. Mrs. Norman Davis, 729 ; C. uligino- sum, 306 ; season, the, 588 ; Society, the National, 498, 722 Chrysanthemums, 203, 592 ; at Beech- wood, 624; at Birmingham, 815; at Finsbury Park. 589 ; at Harlesden Park. ^64 ; at Heckfield, 405 ; at the Inner Temple, 588 ; at Mr. Cannell's 685 ; at Messrs. J. Veitch & Sons", 622 ; at Trueloves, 758 ; at Worksop Manor, Notts, 661 ; midwinter, 814. (See . Societies.) Chrysogonum virginianum, 405, 680 Church decoration, book on, 470 Chusquea abietifolia, 524 Chysis aurea, secreting glands of, 209 Cinchona, barks in Colombia, 593 ; insect pests of. 532 ; manuring, 594 ; trees, quinine in, 561 Cinerarias, 203 Cirrhopetalum pulchrum, 458 Cistus family, the, 114 Cistus in Portugal, species of, 114 Citron, culture in Corsica, 8 ; how pre- pared, 154 Cladoptosis, 146 Clematis, free flowering, 498 ; C. vitalba. 406 Clerodendron nutans, 691 ; C. trichoto- mum, 339 Clover, Japan, 409 ; Calvary, 316 Coal, anthracite, 598 Ccelogyne cristata maxima, 360 ; C. Dayana, 44 ; C. pandurata, 75 Coffee, insect pests of, 532 Colocasia Devansayana, 114 Colonial and Indian Exhibition, 8, 18, 72, 146, 153, 202, 295, 329, 530 Colonial Exhibition and horticulture, 624 ; forestry at, 558, 622, 684 ; litera- ture of, 182 ; paintings and photo- graphs at, 555 ; plant illustrations at, 167 ; a proposed permanent, 455 ; rus- tic work at, 10 ; tlie woods at, /15, 788 Colonial notes. 13. 300, 334, 441 Colorado Spruce, 621 Colour and bees, 534, 597 Colour, books on, 53, 85, 118 ; descrip- tion, 269 ; inheritance, 118 ; inheritance or otherwise of, 82 ; in Stocks, 305 Coloured leaved plants, 14 Columbian plants. 179 Commemorative trees, 176 Comte de Flandres Pear, 232 Congo flora, the, 337 Conifers, Dickson & Sons', at Liverpool, 562 ; notes on seedling, 660 ; orna- mental, 370 ; renovating impoverished, 390 Conferences at the Royal Horticultural Society, the, 752 Conservatory and ball-room at Sandring- ham. 392 ; climbers. 691 Continental novelties, 460, 809 C'onvolvulus mauritanicus, 661, 692 Cocoons found in an Acorn, 84 Cordyline austraUs, 585 Coris monspeliensis, 748 Cornish moorlands, 551, 599 Cornus canadensis, 299 Corsica, Citron culture in, 8 Corydalis lutea, 214 Corylus, malformed, 531, 691 Costa Rica, Banana culture in, 50 Cottagers' and Horticultural Societies, 372 Cottagers' gardens, prizes for, 438 Cottonia peduncularis, 11 Covent Garden Market, 208 Crab, new variety of, 427 Cracking in Pears, 625 Cranberries and Cowberries, 407 Crataegus Leeiana, 621 ; C. pinnatifida, var. major {tartarica, hort.), 621, 658 Crinum Powelli, 241; Crocus, an early flowering one, 178 ; C. karduchorum, 404 Crocuses as decorative plants, 495 ; autumn and winter. 438 ; autumn and winter flowering, 495 ; Mr. Maw's Monograph of, 752 Crops of 1886. 590 Crops of Great Britain, the, 112 Cross-fertilisation and Daffodil seed, 535 Crows and poisonous Wheat dips, 628 Cryptogamic Society of Scotland, 242 Cucumber disease, 123 ; monstrous, 306 ; white skinned, 90 Cucumbers. 407 ; diseased, 53 Cultivated land, fruit trees on, 565 Cultural Botany, 361 Culture of hard-wooded Heaths, 746 ; of Tobacci in North Wales, 456 Currant, red and white on same bunch, 268 Cyananthus lobitus, 210 Cycads, vitality of, 145 Cycas revoluta, 24.5 Cyclamen neapolitanum. 438 ; C. persi- cum, the, 246, 276 ; C. repandum, 306 Cyclamens at Clarke's, 810 Cymbidium Mastersii, 654 Cypress, large deciduous, 217 Cypripedium arietinum, 243; C. cardinale, 526 ; C. GodelroyfE and its allies, 50 ; C. Morgana^, 243 ; C. porphyreum, 526 ; C. Sanderianum, 370 ; C. Saun- dersianum, 654 ; C. Sedeni, peloria of, 493 ; C. Spicerianuni, abnormal, 661 ; semi-double, 405 : vagaries, 308 Cypripediums, 239, 779 Cyrtopera Regnieri, 558 Edinburgh, proposed Rose show at, 50 ; Royal Botanic Garden, bog garden at, 174 Education, 402 Edwardsias, the, 339 Eichornea azurea, 308 Elseodendron orieniale =■ Aralia Chab- rieri of gardens, 690 English Botany, 80 Entomology. 530 Epidendrum Mithewsii, 458 ; E P,iy- tense, 205 ; E. variegatum, self-fertili- sation of, II Epilobium angustifolium, 149 Epipactis latifolia, 308, 371 ; E, ovalis. 21S Eremostachys, 80 Erica hyemalis, 405 Ericas at Milbank, Edinburgh, 555 ; winter flowering, 628 Erineum on the flowers of the Vine. 178 Erodium Reichardi, 522 Eryngium pandanifolium, 496 Escallonia ieucanth.i 83 Essex Field Club, 466, 786 Eucalyptus, 657 ; E. amvedalina, 790 ; E. coccifera at Coonibe Wood. 306 Eucalypti, 754 ; at Roseneath, Dumbar- tonshire, 715 ; in Arran, 712, 727 ; Australian, 212 Eucharis amazonica, 625; at Gunnersbu'"y House, 790 ; planted out, 66r Eucryphia pinnatifida, 217 Eupatorium Weinmannianum, 757 Euphorbia grandidens, 720 European plants in the tropics, seeds of, 497 Eustoma exaltatum, 434 Evergreen shrubs, cuttings of, 239 Evergreens, propagation of, 180 ; prun- ing. 534 ; trimming overgrjwn, 492 Exhibition, a proposed Colonial, 455 ; Royal jubilee, 530 " Exeunt Teas," 467 Extraordinary tithes, 82 Daffodil seed and cross-fertilisation, 535 ; seeds hybridised, 598 D-iffodils in the Pyrenees, 142 ; White Trumpet, 563. 692 Dahlia, Cactus, 370 ; show, Grand Na- tional, 208 Dahlias, 121, 368 ; green, 429 ; pompon. 437 ; classification of, 406 ; single at Chelsea Botanic Gardens, 244 Daisy eradicator, 692 Darwinian idea in ancient Saxon times, 118 Dite Palms. Arabian, 218 Delphiniums, 406 Delusion, a singular, 599 Denbies. 2S1 Dendrobium breviflorum. 104, 181 ; D. crystallinum. 26 ; D. Dearei, 75 ; D. Falconeri giganteum. 779 ; D. Mac- farlanei, 811 ; D. Parishi var. Dives, 205 ; D. Phal.-Enopsis. 556, 596 ; D. siratiotes, 176 ; D. Wardianum, 466 ; D. Williamsianum, 173 Dendrobmms. 15 ; in August, 239 Der Fraktiicke Garlen Freund, 560 Desert Plants. 594 Desfontainea spinosa var. Hookeri, 149 Deutzia candidissima, 83 Devonhurst (Chiswick), trees at, 183 Devonshire, cultivation of Tobacco in, 330 ; gardens, observations on, 51 Dimorphic Mulberry leaves, 471 Dimorphism in leaves, 662 Diospyros Kaki, 650 Dipteracanthus afhriis, 625 Disa atropurpurea, 242 Disease of Lirch, 718 Disease of Larch and Pine seedlings, 18 Disease of Oats, 172 Disease of Pine seedhngs, 117 Diseased Cucumbers, 53 Dognin, M. Camille, 722 Double Chinese Primroses, 53 Double flowers 208, 245, 530 ; and variegated leaves, 82 Downshire House, 389 Dracaenas, 15 Dracontium Carderi, 82 Dresden International Horticultural Ex- hibition, 1887, 276 Dropmore, 325 Drugs and their source, 689 Dryp-S octopetala, 210 Dry rot fungus, Merulius lachrymans, 626 Dusseldorf, gardening in, 691 Earnock and Neilsland, 461 East Anglia, frost in, 756 Eaton Hall, 7 Edinburgh International Exhibition, 434; visit of the (^ueen to the, 263 Falkland Isles, the, 334 Fawcett, Mr., appointment, Jamaica, 752 Field Mushroom, 492 Ferns (Adiantum gracillimum and A. pellucidum), 19 ; of the Alps, 435 Figs, 244 ; from seed, 278, 308, 339 ; male and female flowers of, 505 ; at Reculver, 52S; at Lambeth Palace, 528 ; seedling, 403. 523 Fir, Blue Douglas, 232 Fire Blight, 307 Fiume, my garden at, 458 Flat Island, 145 Flora of Algiers, 59 ; Iceland, the, 793, 8io Floral devices, American, 562, 785 ; fashions, 785 Floriculture in the United States, 391 Florists' flowers, 13, 120, 203, 276, 334, 398, 426, 459, 494, 597, 685. 659, 716, 755. 815 Flower-beds, two pretty, 307 Flower garden, the, 14. 46, 79. 116, 142. 174, 206. 239. 270. 302, 334. 367. 398, 431, 462, 495, 526, 559, 590. 623, 654. 687,718,751.783.811 Flower shows and their uses, 455 Flowers, autumn, 270 Flowers, double, 208, 215, 530 Flowers in season, 82, 467, 656 ; Orchid, 530 : out of season, 598 Flowering of Agave filifera, 80 ; shrubs from Ireland, 149 Fog. effect of the recent, 715 Foliage plants, judging of, at shows, 2/8 Follows & Bate. 464 Food reform, 560 Forecast of General Election, 209 Forecourt gardens, embellishing. 7S0 Foreign horticulturists in England, 113 ; notes, 463 Forestry, 14, 71, 116. i3o, 275, 302, 366, 429, 492. 595. 622. 658. 584. 717, 751, 781 ; at the Colonial Exhibition, 622 ; notes from the Colonial and Indian Exhibition, 558, 684 ; PhiHppine, 114 ; Spanish, 532 Forest tree planting in Isle of Man, 467 Forests, Indian, 497 ; Madras, annual report of Administration, 497 Fossil grasses, 817 Foxglove, campanulate, 123 Foxgloves, 118 Frames, taking out (Apiary), 180 French Marigolds, 467 ; nurserymen and seedsmen. 80 Frcebel's Nursery, Zurich, 134 Frost in East Anglia, 756 Fruit and flower growing for market (Mr. Ladd's). 74 ; and vegetable crop of i836, 590 ; gardening, 267 ; growing in south Ireland (a valuable suggestion), 487 ; growing t-. profit, 488 ; carriage of, 402 ; certificated by Royal Horticul- tural Society, 750 ; crop, influence of heat and moisture on the, 500 ; reports on the, 107 ; insects injurious to, 370; near to the sea, 263 ; remarks on, 136 ; culture, American, 789 Fruit, constituents of, 139; juices, must, &c., preserving by salicylic acid, 430 ; gathering, 232 ; Growers' Association of Nova Scotia, 114; growing, 750; in jersey and Guernsey, 464 ; names of, 52 Fruit Notes, 210, 232, 326, 363, 397 ; profits, 203 ; register, 653, 759 Fruit, ripening and preserving, 205 ; tree plantations and artificial manure, 660 ; trees at Maidstone, 298 ; trees on culti- vated land, 565 ; summer pinching of, 84 ; pruning of, 90 ; repotting, 271 ; sporting in, 120 ; tropical, preserved, 555 Fruits under Glass, 47, 79, 116, 143, 175, 207, 239, 271, 303, 335, 431. 463, 495, 527. 559. 591. 623, 655, 687, 719, 751. 787,811 " Fruges consumere Nati," 687 Fuchsia coccinea and neglected sorts, 627 ; C. corymbiflora, 406, 470, 535. 598 : tree at Ballme House, Ramsey, Isle of Man, 397, 530 Fuchsias, 203 ; at Chiswick, 134 Fungus, a giant. 215 ; edible, of New Zealand, 402; on Poppies, 140; the orange, on Roses, 76 Fungi on roots, 304 Garden, hose, preparation for, 243 ; in midsummer, the, 69 Garden, Max Leichtlin's, loi ; Palms, 491, 652 ; plants, nomenclature of, 279 ; produce, prices of, 432 Gardens, allotments and small holdings, 332 Gardeners' Chronicle prizes, 48 Gardeners' Royal Benevolent Institution (subscription list), 6, 36, 48, 656, 690. 692, 726. 756 ; (the dinner), 42 Gardeners, what to do with our surplus, 277, 306 Gardening, mistakes in, 357 ; practical lessons in. 403 Gardenias for winter and early spring flowering. 534 Gartenflora , 624 Gaultheria procumbens, 758 Genipand Genipa, 145 Genista Andreana, 231 Gentiana septemfida, 210 Geranium argenteum, 210 Germination of Vine seeds, 423 Geum montanum. 748 Ghent " Chambre Syndicale," 82, 232, 531. 814 Giant fungus, a, 215 Ginger beer plant, 315 Gishurstine, 488 Gladioli, early flowering, 303 Gladiolus Watsonioides, 49, 84 Glands of Chysis, 209 ; of Oncidium, 84 Gleditschia, 494 Gloxinias, 19 ; at Messis. Sutton & Sons', 173: new. 588 Glynde Place, •^•j Godetias. 182 Golden Elder, the, 50 Golden Mohur seed?, 569 Goodyera Rodigasiana, 779 Gooseberries, the latest, 443 Grafted Potatos, 2d year's produce of, 567 ; Vines, 564 Granadilla and Tree Tomato, 689 Grape, and Peach Growing at Manresa House, 278 ; another, new, 564 ; seeds, 434 Gripes, 395. 440, 470 ; and spiders, 79 ; at the Royal Horticultural Society, 470 ; from Hungiry. 522 ; keeping on Vines. 791 ; grafted, 502. 536, 597, 627 ; mildewed, 569; outdoor, 653; ripen- ing of, 434 ; rust on, 187 ; shanked, 123 ; sphtting, 569 Grasses, for permanent pastures, experi- ments on, 264 Greenfly and spider, wash for, 155 Green frogs. 755 Grevillea sulphurea, 468 Griffinia Blumenavia, 179 Guernsey and Jersey Fruit Co.. 306 Guernsey, the Ivy in, 535 Gunnera scabra, 424, 470 Gymnadenia conopsea, 153 Gymnogramma fariniferum, 243 Gynerium jubatum. 536, 564, 689 H Haarlem, 71 Hailstorm near Paris, 497, 531 Hair or no hair?, 562, 593 Hance, the late, Dr., 176 INDEX. [December 25, 1886. Hard-and-fast lines in Orchid growing, 750 Hardy flowers from Reading. 370 Hardy (ruit garden, Uie, 47, 143. 175, 207, 271, 335, 399, 463, 527, 591, 623, 719 : Jasmine. 339 Harlesden Park, Chrysanthemums at, 564 Harlow Moor, 723 Hart, Mr., Botanical Department, Jamaica. 274 Harplocarpa Leichtlini, 270 Healing barked stem of Holly, 278 Heat and moisture, influence on the fruit crop, 500 Heat as a standard for comparison with the progress of vegetation, 175 Heaths, cullure of hard-wooded, 745 Hedge plant, Berberis asiatica as a, 304 Hedges and fences. 275 ; pruning and switching, 757 ; trimming, 790; useful and ornamental, 362 ; too deeply planted, 284 Hedging, 14 Helenium grandiflorum, 270 Helianthemum rosmarinifolium, 84 Helianthus japonicus, 270 ; H. losti- florus, 500 ; H. multiflorus, 270, 371 ; H. tuberosus, flowering, 692 Helminthosporium echinulatum, 244 Help acknowledged, 402 Hemlock Spruce, Himalavan, hardiness of. in Hants, 118 Hemipilia calopbylla, 104, 147 Henna, 493 Herbaceous plants. 405. 408, 471 ; in the flower gardens, 39 Herbaceous border. 239. 270 " Herbier General Analytique," 690 High temperature. 307 Himalayan Hemlock Spruce, 72 ; hardi- ness of, in Hants, 118 History of Plants, the, 327, 359 Hives, making, 491 Hofburg Garden, Vienna, 176 Holly, healing barked stem of, 278 Hollies, 80 ; gold and silver variegated, 427 Hollyhocks, 308 Holmes. Mr., W., proposed presentation to, 722 ; the presenlaiion to, 792 Honey cells, how filled, 148 Honey, taking the, 117 ; under the Hooper & Co.,1bouquets at, 807 microscope, 533 Hops in India, 562 Horticulture and the Colonial Exhibition, 624 ; and the Press, 785 Horticultural Club, 785 ; exhibitions, 757; Palace and Colonial Exhibition, 371, 466. 659 ; Societies and Cottagers, 372 Hortus Floridus, 71 Hot wells, 658 Hoya imperialis, 43 Humea elegans, 662 Hyacinths, new varieties of, 620, 691 ; Tulips, and other Dutch bulbs, 330 Hybrid, bi-generic. a, 275 Hybridisers' work, 240 Hydrangea hortensis, blue. 470 ; H. in- volucrata, 106 Hygrometer, 114 Hypericum xgypticum, 521 IcELANn, the flora of, 793, 810 Ichthemic guano, 691 Imantophyllum or Himantophyllum. 51 Impatiens fulva, 750 Imperial Institute. 690 Improvement of plants, the, 743 Improvements in Peas and other plants, 436 India. Hops in, 562; fodder grasses of, 242 ; horticulture and botany in, 147 ; 723 Indian forests, 497 ; notes, 218 Inga pulcherrima, 519 Ingram, Mr. VV., presentation to, 234 Insect-killing bottles, 176 ; pests of Tea, Coffee, and Cinchona, 532 Insects, injurious, in Canada, 242 ; to fruit crops, 370 ; in Pear tree bark, 90 Inula glandulosa. 243 Ireland, south of, truit and vegetable growing in, 487 Irisfilifolia, 118; I. Milesii, 242 Irish Agricultural statistics, 338 ; utensilr. and tools at the Potato lercentenary, 748 Irish garden, an, 453 Isle of Man, Fuchsia tree in, 397. 530 ; planting in. 467, 497 Ivy, Hibberd's Emerald, 586 ; in Guern- sey, the, 535 Jamaica, botanical department in, 752 hurricane in, 441 Japan Clover, 466 ; method of preserving timber in, 230 Japanese Berberis, 306 ; Peppermint, 145 Jardin des Plantes, Paris, 560 Jardin des Plantes, Rouen, 428 Jersey and Guernsey, fruit growing in, 464 ; Tobacco in, 554 Jesmond Dene P^rk, 40 Juglans nigra, 726 K.KMi'i'ERiA atrovirens. 463 Karatas acanthocrater, 625 Kapok. 114. 785 Kew. Royal Gardens, 48, 274, 304 Kinver seed and flower farms, the, 454 Kitchen garden, the, 15, 79, 143, 207, 271. 335. 399. 463. 527. 591. 623, 655, 719, 751, 783 Kniphoha aloides as a bee trap, 33 Koch, Frau Th^'rese, 720 Label holders, 594 Laslia autumnalis var. xanthotropis, 466 ; L. Balemaniana, 338 ; L. euspatha. 361 Lago Maggiore. 593 Laing & Co., disbolulion of partnership, 588 Laird & Son's nursery, 556 Lamarck's Herbarium, 593 Lamont & Son's nursery, 263 Land, effects of Tobacco on. 682 Landscape gardening, 396. 402 Landscapes, the cutting out of, 173 Lapageria rosea, 243 Lapagerias, 183 Larch and Pine seedlings, disease of, 18 ; disease, the. 718 Larix Griffith!, 464 Lathyrus tuberosus, 83 Laurels, glands on, 252 Law Notes \— Kestertont'. Greenfield peat and sand, 817 Overseers of Penge v. Haynes, 601 Rating nurseries, 601 VVatkins & Simpson v, J. Robinson, 794 Lawn and garden apparatus, 178 Lawson Seed and Nursery Company, 787 Laxton, retirement of Mr., 588 Leaf-cutter Sawfiy, 59 Learn to observe, 785 Leaves, dimorphism in, 662 Lee & Son's nurseries, Feltham. 683 Leech's Pictures, t8 Leek, a large, 599; Musselburgh, 264 Leeks, 662 X^Kixoy, Andre, 638 Leschenaultia biloba, 18 Lespedezi striata, 409, 598 ; the Japan Clover, 466 Lettuce, 366 ; how to winter, 726 ; Winter Cabbage Butterhead, 472 Lettuces, 133 Lycesteria formosa. 407 Leyden Pippin Apple. 232 Lichens on trees, 719 Lilium auratum, 371 Lilium auratum' fasciated, 531 Lilium auratum, a fine. 339 ; L. can- didum, narrow petalled, 183 ; L. for- 245 Liliums. 19 Lily, double white, the, 246, 307 Lilies, 585. 744 Lilies, Belladonna and Guernsey, 302 ; double, 153 Lime tree, a remarkable, 246 ; mite. 474 Linaria alpina, 210 ; L. hepa tic ae folia, 299 Lindenia, 82. 331, 560 Linnean Society of London, 625, 754 ; dates of meeting, 497 Liparis elegans. 558 Liquorice culture in Damascus, 497 Lissochilus Krebsii purpuratus, 747 Literature of the Colonial Exhibition, 182 Liverpool, boiler contest at, the. 18. 245 Liverpool, Exhibition, 242 ; Mr. Rivers* fruit trees at, 82 ; round, 10, 44 ; St. John's Market at, 74 ; show awards at, 16, 50 ; the late, 208 ; deficit at, 48 Lodoicea seychellarum (double Cocoa- Lonchocarpus Barteri, 56r. 785 London Parks, supply of bulbs to, 209 Lord, Mr. R., funeral of the late, 306 Low, H.. & Co.. Orchids at, 686 Low's Silver Fir, 755 Luculia gratissima, 791 Luffas in Japan, 594 Lunar rainbow, 243 Luton Hoo. 490 Lychnis pyrenaica, 780 Lythrura Salicaria, 340 M Macroscepis obovata, 179 Madagascar, 690 Madras, Agri- Horticultural Societyof, 301 Magnolia fuscata, 427 Mahogany in India, 594 Maidstone, fruit trees at, 298 " Making " hives, 491 Malesia, 82, 496 Malou, M. Jules, 178 Malpighia," 176 Mangos, grafting, Agri-Horticultural So- ciety of India, 114 Manicaria, 491 Manure, artihcial, and fruit tree planta- tion, 660 ; Vine, 426 Manures. 523 : and fruits, 139 Maps of the Colonial Exhibition, 208 Marigolds, distribution of colour in. 591 Market, fruit and flower growing for (Mr. Ladds), 74 Market Gardeners. Nurserymen, and Farmers' Association, 306 Market gardening, 488 ; at St. Neot's, 295 Market plants, 301, 328, 364, 394, 520, 776, 810 Market prices, 471, 564 Market, St. John's, Liverpool, 74 Martinesia, 491 Martin, Mr. J., 209 Maples, Japanese, 305 MasdevaUia achrochordonia, 526 ; M. cucuUata, 747 ; M. Dayana, 428 Maurandya Barclayana, 50 .Mauritia, 491 Max Laichilin's garden, loi Maxillaria venusta, a twin-flowered, 596 Maximiliana, 491 Mealy-bug in vinery, 474 Melons, in frames, 271 ; in heated pits, 271 ; in July, 79 Merulius lachrymans, the dry-rot fungus, 626 Meteorological observations at Natal, 186 Metric system, the. 466 Mexico, vegetable products of, 755 Mice destructive of Elder, 245 Michigan Horticultural Society. 147 Mignonette, 776 ; Cannell's new, 724 Mildew and down on the Vine leaf, 268 Milford, 485 Millbank, Edinburgh, Ericas at, 555 Miltonia Peetersiana concolor, 360; M. spectabilis var. Moreliana, 205 Mina lobata. 684 Mistleto, 814 Mistleto berries ripe in July, 48, 85, 150 Mistleto for Christmas, 786 Mistakes in gardening, 357 Mitrula paludosa. 12 Moorlands, Cornish, 551, 599 Moor Park, 293 Morello Cherries. 210 Moss litter, German, for Orchids, 371, 407 Moss on trees, 90 Mossy stones as ornaments, 726 Moth, the Codlin, 533 Mulberry leaves, dimorphic, 471 Mutisia decurrens, 153 Myoporineous plants, 402 N " Namenlose " Rose, 242 Names of fruit. 52 Nannorrhops, 653 : N. Ritchteana, 7gr Narcissus Bulbocodium, rate of increase of. 303 ; bulbs, proliferous. 372 ; N. elegans var.. 563 ; N. panizzlanus in Portugal. Sio ; N. viridiflorus, 405 ; N. viridiflorus in North Africa. 661 ; N. viridiflorus. does it produce leaves ? 810 Narthecium ossifragum, 144 Natal, 153 ; meteorological observations at, 186 National Chrysanthemumum Society, 498 ; 562 National Co-operative flower show, 272 " Native Flora." our, 245 Natural Science, Swiss Society of, 275 Nectarine, Pine-apple, the, 118 Nepenthes carnivorous, 502 Neuminster. 134 Newbury and neighbourhood, 5S3 New Caledonia, products of, 436 Newcastle-on-Tyne, an International and Colonial Exhibition, 338 Newman, Mr., presentation to, 504 New names and old things, 307 New South Wales, vegetation of. 459 New Zealand, 178 ; and Australian trees in Arran, 679 ; forests, 300 Nitrate of soda prizes, result of, 18 Nitrogen as plant food, sources of, 787 Nomenclature. 80, 20S ; of Orchids, 209 ; of Paradisia, the, 46 Notes from Dublin, 153 Notospartium Carmichaeli, 106 Nova Scotia, fruit crops of, 115 ; Fruit Growers' Association, 114 Novel plant house, 52 Nunfield, Dumfries. 211 Nursery ^notes : Gloxinias at Hooper & Co.'s, II ; Begonias at Messrs. J. Laing & Co., II ; Messrs. Kelway's Paeonies, 12 Nursery, Messrs. Lee & Son's, at Feltham, 683 Nut Pine of Nevada, the, 136 Nutrition and sexual variation, 619 Oak, gigantic, a, 243 Oak leaves, while blotches on, 505 Oats, disease of, 172 Obituary :— Berners, Mr., 315 Blair, Mrs., 409 Bradley, Mr.. 537 Broome. C. E., 697 Brown. T., 817 Bush, Thomas, 187 Chapman. T., 219 Cox, J., 378 F'letcher, W., 219 Forsyth, William, 505 Fromow, William, 728 Geert, August Van, 667 Gibbs, Thomas, 633 Green, Charles, 728 Grote, A., 761 Hance, H. F.. 218 Lyons, Dr., M.P., 817 Lord, Robert, Peach, Rev. C. P., 409 Pohlmann. E., 761 Stenger, Mrs., 537 Stevens, Z., 537 Stewart, W., 377 Odontoglossum, genus, the, 39. 103. 230 ; O. aspersum. 360 ; O. brevifolium, 39 ; O. cariniferum, 39 ; O. chiriquense, 39 ; O. coronarium, 39 ; O. crispura, mons- trous, 690 ; O. hastilabium, 39 ; O. Insleyai splendens, 360 ; O. laeve, 39 ; O. miniatum, 39 ; O. odoratura, 392 ; O. vexillarium, 11, 85; O. v., Mr. Douglas' plant, 144 ; O. Wilckeanum, semi-double flower of, 432 Odontoglossums, 490 ; and Masdevallias, 175 Odour of Rubus deliciosus, 50 Olearia Haasti, 217 ; macrodouta, 304 ; O. nitida. 44 Olympia, gardens of, 178 Oncidium Batemannianum, glands of, 84 ; O. Jonesianum,! 75 ; O. macula- tum. 179 ; O. macranthum, 458 ; O. ser- ratum. 620 ; O. tetracopis, 43 Oodypore, 625 Opium, African, in China, 338 Orange coccus parasite, the. 563 Orange crop in Valencia, 467 ; culture in San Francisco, 77 ; fungus on Roses, 76 ; house, 271 ; peel, what is it ? 780 ; origin of the Blood, 434 Oranges in Valencia and Cordova, 15 Orchard fruit, sale of, at the Carse of Gowrie, 306 ; houses, the, 658 Orchid Album, 144, 560 Orchid, Conference at Liverpool, the, 20 ; culture, hints on, 363 ; flowers, 530 ; fungi, 242 ; growers, hard-and-fast rules for, 750 ; growing, new terrors for, 242 ; houses, the, 15, 83, 175. 239, 303. 334. 398. 462. 526, 590. 655, 687. 718, 786 ; construction of, 596 ; nomen- clature, 209, 278, 466; notes, II, 43. 205, 267, 360, 392. 458. 526, 558, 596, 619, 654, 725, 747, 779, 8ir ; pru- ning. 627, 692 ; sales. 403 ; seeds, 496 Orchids, a handful of Natal terrestrial, 58 ; at Bull's, 274. 621 ; at Mr. Cobb's, 725 ; at Dorman's, 619 ; at The Firs, Lawrie Park, Sydenham, 331 ; at Heaton House, Cheshunt, 779 ; at Low's. Clapton, 393, 686 ; at Nun- field, Dumfries. 211 ; at Oswald Road, Edinburgh, 600 ; at Sanders', 519 ; at Mr. Tauiz*, Studtey House, 725 ; at Major Lendy's. Sunbury House, 725 ; at J. Veitch & Son's, 104, 553 ; at Williams', 649 ; at Mr. Measures', The Woodlands, 590 Orchids, choice, in flower, 267 ; German moss litter for. 371, 407 ; in the open air, 424 ; in flower at Kew on Decem- ber I, 791 ; two new, 173 ; with ab- normal flowers. 440 Orchis weevil, another, 300 Origanum sipyleum, 5^9 Origin of the Pink, 215 INDEX. (December 25, i8£6. Ornamrntal Conifers. 3-0 Orniihoci'pluilus grandiflorus, 50 Osyris alba, 1^6 Ovnhirian Zoospore, birlh of an, 815 Oxera pulchclla, 786 Oxford Carnalioii and Ticolce Union, 114. ^78 r.i:oNiA Broteri, 48 J'alins, bleaching, 284 ; garden, described, 491, 652 Pampas-grass plumes, drying of, 474 Pandanus variegatus, 656, 816 Piinsies as exhibition flowers, 51 Papaver pavoninmn, 328 ; P. seligerum, ^=53 Paper pulp fron L brevifolia, 18 alure of, 46 Parasite, the orange Coccus. 563 Paris. I'^xhibition of 1889, 723; gardencr:>' lottery for the. 723 ; hailstorm near. 497. S3[ ; horticulmral congress in, 592 Parochelus conimuuis, 626 Passiflora vitifolia, 274 Pathology of plants, 144 Pavia macrostachya, 217 I'i-a, a new, 182; Prodigy. 278; Tele- phone, 244, 307, 339 ; Smith's Epi- curean, 305 ; Veiich's Xew Prodigy, rVas, 272, 536 ; and other plants;, im- provements in, 436; a plea for the older varieties, 278 ; Laxton's new Charmer, and Walton Hero. 407 ; late, C27 ; mildewed, 340; Telephone and others, 278, 371, 405, 501 Peach, Alexander, 210, 244, 363, 397 ; Amsden, 363. 397 ; and Nectarine on the same shoot. 27S ; Condor, 363 ; mildew, 123 ; Sea Eagle, 653 ; wall- tree covers and their nunagement, 19 ; Waterloo, 2to Peaches, Americin, 271, 363 ; early, 232 Pear. Beurre Hardy, 232 ; Comte de Flandres, 232 ; Conference, 530 ; D^lices d'Hiver. 210 ; Doyenne de Juillet, 533 ; Laxton's Bergamot, 497 ; Marie Louise, 654 pears and Apples in the North, 536; arti- ficially ripened, 533 ; cracking in, 625 ; packing, 594 : seedless, 464 Peat, 51 Pelargoniums, 203 ; Ivy-leaved, 533, 628. 660 ; propagation of, 174 ; show and fancy, 755 ; zonal, in winter, 726 Peloria of Cypripedium Sedeni, 498 Pentstemon, 5:5, 78 ; the origin of the garden, 182 ^ Pepper of Peppers, 532 Peppermint, culture of, 784 ; culture in Japan, 594: Japanese, 145 Permanent pasture grasses, experiments on, 264 Peter Lawson & Son, Limited, 146 Phaius Humbloti, 173 Phalrenopsis at Heaton House. Cheshunt. 779;fromMr. Philbrick's garden, 11 ; P. grandiflora var. aurea, 466 ; revision of the genus, i63, 212. 276, 372 ; the first in cultivation, i63 ; P. violacea, 205, 558 PhaseoUis caracalla, 791 Phenological observations! Philadelphus Gordonianus, florus, 83 Philippine forestry, 114 Phlox Drummondi, double white, new, 722 Photographs and Paintings at the Colo- nial and Indian Exhibition, 555 Phrynium variegatum, 338 PJiylloxera laws, the, 720, 784 ; in Algiers, 112 Physic Gardens, Chelsea, the, 336 Phyteuma comosum, 80, 149 Picea ajanensis, 501 ; or Abies, the names, 688; P. Glehni, 231 ; P. pun- gens glauca, 404 . Pigeon post, 624 Pinanga decora, 754, Pine-apple Nectarnie, 118 Pine-appli n Sweden, 154 174 ; P. parvi- y. 653 beetles, 275 ; seedlings, disease of, 117 ; the Corsicanand rabbits, 594 Pines, 143 ; leaves of, 784 ; on the Pon- tine Marshes, 569 Pink, origin of the. 215 Pinks and their culture, 167 Pinus edulis, 300 ; P. Engelmanni. 114 ; P. Lambertiana, 85: P. Laricio, attacked by rabbits, 658 ; P. macrocarpa, 428 ; P. monophylla, 136 ; P. Pinaster, 427 ; P. sinensis in Souh Africa, 186 Pistia stratiotes, 729 Plane tree and Quince, 791 Plantago Ispaghul, Spogel seed. 562 Plant characteristics, 176 ; exchange in China, 146 ; food, sources of nitrogen as, 787 ; group at the Exeter show, 775 ; growth during winter, 816 ; illustrations at the Colonial Exhibition, 167 ; physi- ognomy, 726 Plant rouTRAiTs, Rfgistf-r of :— Acer colchicnm tricolor, 460 Achillea rupeslris, 625 Aconitum dissectum, 40 Alocasia Augnstiana, 40 ; 'A. Lindeni, 343 ; A. margaritfc, 690 Alyssum monlanum, 690 Androsace lanuginosa, 399 Angraecum citratum, 40 ; A. fuscalum, 690 Anguloa Ruckeri, 392 Aristolochia elegans, 148 ; A. longi- folia, 112 Beaufortia splendens, 40 Befaria glauca. 337 Begonia Johnstoni, 496 Bignonia purpurea. 690 Bollea pulvinaris, 8ri Brassavola Digbyana, 399 Prodisea Dougla<-ii, 625 Burchelli capensis, 429 Calliopsis Drummondi, 40 Caltha leptosepala, 690 Cantua dependens, 429 Caraguata Andr(''ana. 148 Catasetum Bungerothii, 560; C. Leh- manni, 40; C. tabularevar. serrulata, 40 Cattleya Gaskelliana. 690 ; C. Law- renceana, 148 ; C. Mendelli, 393 ; C. Triance Dodgsoni, 560 ; C. T. Mas- .sangeana, 399 Colchicum Troodi, 496 Corydalis Suwerzowii, 337 Crassula Schmidti, 399 Cypripedium concolor, 690; C. Gode- froy?e niveum, 6go ; C. microchilum, 331 ; C. purpuratum, 429 Cyrtoceras reflexum, 43 Daphne Mezereon, 148 Dendrobium thyrsiftorum, i]8 ; D. William&ianum, 561 Dracaena Madame Lucien Linden, 148 Echinocactus senilis, 429 Epidendrum atropurpureura var. Randi, 331 I-dgus silvatica atropurpurea tricolor, 148 Giltonia clavata, 113 Gardenia citriodora, 399 Geum rhceticum, 429 • Gladiolus Kotschyanus. 337 Gymnogramma fariniferun), 242 Hypericum oblongifolium, 429 Iris Doui^lasiana, 40 ; L Eulefeldi, 495 ; I. Rosenbachiana, 399 ; I. stellata, 337 Karatas acanthocrater, 625 Labisia alata, 429 La?lia albida var. Bella. 144 ; L. har- pophylla, 40 ; L. superbiens, 399 Leontice Alberti, 496 Leschenaultia Baxteri major. 6go Lilium longiflorum Harrisi. 463; L. pardalinum, 40 ; L. Parryi, 148 ; L. superbum, 148 Masdevaltia Roezlii superbum. 399 Miltonia spectabilis var. lineata. 811 Myrmecodia Beccari, 112 Odontoglossum Cervantesi deorum, 561 ; O. luteo-purpureum, 560 ; O. Ruckerianum. 148 Oncidium Marshallianum, 144 Oriza japonica, 460 Pandanus Angustianus, 690 ; P. (?) Ker- chovei, 148 Phalsenopsis Stuartiana, 144 ; P. suma- trana, 331 Pilumna nobilis, 560 Pleurothallis Barberiana, 113 Rhododendron ledifolium. 690 ; R. Smirnowi, 396 ; R. Ungerni, 399 ; R. yedoense. 690 Saccolabium Blumei, var. Russellianum, 144 Sagenia mamillosa, 148 Saxifraga Stracheyi var. alba, 399 Sclenipedium caudatum. var. rosea, 460 Sobralia xantholeuca, 560 Spathoglottis plicata. 392 Stanhopea tigrina, 331 Streptocarpus Dunnii, 625 ; varieties of, 40 Thalictrum anemoides, 460 Thunbergia laurifolii, 460 Tillandsia chrysostachys, 625 ; T. fenestralis, 496 Tulipa Kaufinanni. 113 ; T. Oitrows- kiana. 337 Vallota purpurea magnifica, 460 Vanda Lindeni, 393 ; V. suavis. 460 ; V. s. flava, 460 ; V. s. Lindeni, 560 ; V. s. prastexta, 460 Plant protecting material, a new, 598 Planting and sorts to plant, fruits. 623 ; in London, 370 ; the Isle of Man, 497 ; saason, 751 Plant? and their culture, 14, 46, 79, it6, 143. 175. 207, 239. 270, 303, 335. 367. 399. 431. 463. 495. 527. 559. S9i. 623, 655. 719. 751. 787. 815 Plants, Chinese, 242 ; Columbian, 179 ; for bees, 756 ; for the dinner-table, 271 ; history of, 327, 359 ; in flower at Chis- wick, 3(o ; in glazed pots, 569 ; market 301 ; mortality of imported at Natal, 186 Plants, new. Certificated, 10; by the Royal Horticultural Society. 749 Plants, new, or Notewoktiiv, De- scribed : — Adiantum Capillus-veneris var. grandis, 103 Albuca corymbosa, 38 Alocasia grandis, 390 Anthurium Mooreanum, 230 ; A. punc- tatum, 809 ; A. subulatum, 230 Aristolochia ridicula, 360 ; A, salpinx, 45'5 Bulbophyllum saurocephalum, 262 Billbergia Cappei = Breauieana, 808 Catasetum galeritum, 616 ; C. pilealuni, 616 ; C. tigrinum, 681 Cattleya crocata, 360 ; C. granulosa asperata, 63 1 Cattleya, Mauve, Mr. Hill's, 134 Chondrorhyncha Lendyana. 103 Cu:;logyne Foerstermanni, 262 Crassula impressa, 712 Cypripedium concolor, 294 ; C. or- phanum, 166 ; C. priestans, 776 ; C. Tautzianumy , 681 Cyrtopera Regnieri, 294 Dendrobium bracteosum, 809 ; D. her- coglossum. 487 ; D. inauditum, 552 ; D. nycteridoglossuni, 616 ; D. perc- nanthum, 70 ; D. pogoniates, 199 ; D. smillia:, 552 ; D. Williambianmn, 199 Epidendrum pristts, 262 F>ia Fordii, 584 Esmeralda Clarkei, 552 Gongora flaveola, 456 Gonioscypha eucomoides, 744 Gunnera manicata, 8 Habenaria militaris, 518 L:ella Bitemaniana, 263 ; L pumiU Curleana. 712 Lastrea dilatati var. dentigera, 103 ; L. lepida, 6S1 Mormodes luxatum, 39 ; M. pardinum melanops, 680 Masdevallia astuta, 584 ; M. glaphyr- anihax, 648 ; M. striatella, 103 Maxillaria fucata, 616 Nerine Moorei, 68r Oacidium tigrinum var. lugens. 553 Odontoglossum aspersum violaceum, 584 ; O. blandum Rossianum, 712 O. conslrictum pallens, 648 ; O. cris- pum, Baron Hruby's plant, 166; O. Harryanum, 486 ; O. Lucianianum, 712 ; O. rigidam. 70 Op'.ismenus Burmanni var, albidaUin, 776 Orchidantha borneensis. srg Papperilzia Leiboldi. 63o Passiflora Watsoniana, 648 Phaius Humbloti, 294 Portulaca somalica, 1 -\ 4 Sagenia mamillosa, 38 Streptocalyx Fiirstenb^rgii, 744 Tritonia Wilsoni, 38 Vanda Dearei, 648 ; V. Lindeni, 70 Xygopetalum leopardinum, 199, 712 Zingiber brevifolium, 390 Plants, pathology of, 144; Portuguese, 467 ; sex in, 600 ; the improvement of", 743 ; under more than one name, 498 Plum. Coe's Late Red, 716 ; Kaiser Wil- helm, or BUie Egyptian, 717 Plums, hybrid, 313 Plumbago LarpentK, 521 Poison Oak and poison Ivy, 716 Poisonous Wheat dips and crows, 62S Pollen tube, action of, on the ovary, 781 Polyanthuses, 121 Polygonum sachalinense, 812 ; P. sphns- rostachyum, 438; P. vaccinifolium, 438 Poole, public park for, 337 Poppy, a wild white, 306, 339 Poppies, fungus on, \ jo Portugal. Cisti in, 176 Portuguese plants, 467 Potassium, sulphide of, 246 Potato, a prohfic, 278 ; another new, 402 ; conference, 561, 720 ; tercentenary, 658, 720, 728 ; the conference, 747 ; Irish utensils and tools at, 748 Potato crop, 169 ; crop and cultivation, 500 ; South Ireland, 215 ; culture, 202 ; culture on the farm, 778; experiments at Reading, 656. 723, 754, 816 ; disease, 80, 114 ; grafted, s°cond year's pro- duce, 467 ; Society, a, 754, 786 ; speci- mens, 214 Potatos and Peas, raising, 56i Potatos, classification o!, 754 ; cross-bred, 656 : for forcing, 754 ; for salad, 757 ; King of Russets and Freedom, 720 ; on manured and unmanured ground, 359 ; run out. 307 Pothos aurea, fasciated root of, 724 Pot Roses, 557 Pottery at the Shipperies, 560 Potting Cattleyas and Lrvlias, 302 Preserving wood, improved method of, 230 Press, the, and horticulture, 785 Prices of garden produce, 368, 432 Prickly Pear, alcohol from the. 594, 784 Primrose, Chinese double, 52 ; colour of, 535 ; rose-coloured wild, 84 ; seed, Himalayan, 429 Primula capitatacrispa, 589; Conference, the, 496 ; report of, 752 ; hirsuta Allioni, 595 ; raising, 470 ; Reedi, 691 ; seeds, 406 ; non growth of, 372, 406 ; double- flowered, 627 ; sport, a, 500 Primulas and grubs, 346 Prize essay, the, 197, 235. 266 Prizes for young gardeners, 16 Proliferation of Sedum reflexum, 727 Propagation of evergreens, 180 Protea cynaroides, 19 Protecting material, a new, 501 Pruning, 78 ; evergreens, 534 ; Orchids, 692 P.'unus Pissardi, 217, 242, 305 Pteris tremula var. grandiceps, 757 Puccinia bullita. Celery disease, 756 Pulses, roots of, 754 Pultenoea rosea, 82 Pynaert, Professor EL, 496, 560, 776 Quince and Plane tree, 791 Quinine in Cinchona trees, 561 Railway rates for Potatos, &c , 748 Ramble amongst Tree Ferns, a, 13 Ramie fibre in Spain, 594 Ranunculus Lyalli, 242 Ranunculuses, 121 Rates and taxes, 690 Rating and fixtures, 474 Rating information, where found in the Garden-rs Chronic'e, 187 Red-spider on Roses, cure for, 46 Replanting vineries, 12 Rcichenbachia, 360. 466 Restio subverticillatus. 626 Reiinospora tetragonia aurea, 106 Rhododendrons, new species, 209 ; new, 402 ; pruning and increasing, 46 Rhus radicans, 502, 598 Ribes oxyacanthoides, 212 Richmond, 432 Ripening a'ld preserving fru;t, 225 Ripening the wood, 496 Rivers' nursery, 427 Rivers, Thomas, his insight into causes of birrenness in fruit trees, 729 Roadway, annexing a, 778 Rockery, the, 78, 398 Rock gardening, 182 Rock plants at Broxbourne, 23). Rockwork. Messrs. Backhouse's, 406 Roman Fig. the, at Reculver, 497 ; at Lambeth, 528 Roots, 402, 456, 487. 522 ; and their wo:k, 197, 235, 266 ; fasciated, 784 ; fungi on. 304 Roots of Pulses, 75 \ Roots, priz-i essay on, 176, 197, 223, 265 Rose Abb^ Girardin. 499 ; (new) Caroline Darden, n6 ; Gloire de Dijon, 123; Her M-^jesty. 252, 814 : Lady M. Fiu- william, 757 ; parentage of, 724 ; Mirdchal Niel, 123; Namenlose, 242; Paul Neyron, 144 ; Prince Arthur, 215; Schone Namenlose, 498 Rose, cuttings, 367 ; growers, good news for English. 691 ; Hybrid Perpetual, what is it ?, 211 ; proliferous, a, 346 ; season, a review of the {Alter the fight), 517 ; show at Edinburgh, projected, a, 50 ; shows, 296, 429 ; au umn, 587, Roses and Rose stocks, 783, 816 ; at Ches- hunt, 232 ; at International Exhibition, Edinburgh, 211 ; Cocker & Sons, 439 ; how to plant, 556 ; in December, 754 ; in pots. 204 ; Marie Van Houtte and Gloire de Dijon, 724 ; of the future, 455 ; orange fungus on, 76 ; red or orange rust on, 505 ; Robin's pin- cushions on. 252 ; some recent acqui- sitions in, 115 ; Teas, 467 Rosery, the, 115, 204, 394, 429. 455. 499, 724, 782 Rouen. Jardin des Plantes, 428 Rubbish heaps and lime, 149 Rubus deliciosus, 174 ; odour of, 50 ; R. leucodermis, 243 ; R. pho^mco- lasius, 364, 471 Rudbeckia purpurea. 270 " Rumpumpus" hat, 561 Runner Sean, a new, 722 Run-out Potatos, 307 Ruscus androgynus, 443 Rust, red, or orange, on Roses, 505 The Gardeners' C.i INDEX. (December 25, i2S6. Vll St. Neot's, market gardening at, 295 Salicylic acid, preserving fruit, fruit juices, &c., by, 430 Salvia aurea, 744 ; S. pseudococcinea, 270 Sambucus californica, 231 Sandal wood, 180 Sander& Co.'s, Messrs., Orchids, 519 Sandringhani, conservatory and ball- room at. 392 Saponaria officinalis, 466 Saxifraga Fortunei and its allies, 589 Scabious, dwarf, for winter work, 7S9 Scarlet and crimson Lilies, 564 Schizopetalum Walkeri. 19 Schizosiylis coccinea, 780 Schmilz, Mr. H., 48 SciKNTiFir Committed, OBJECTS shown* AT, &c. :— Araucaria excelsa. 758 Antirrhinum majus and A. Orontinn\ peloria o(, 628 Canadian instrument for pressing frtiit, 628 Catileya Lodigesii, 36 Cistus ladanilerus, 86 Corylus colurna with foli.aceoiis brac- teoles, 62S Cypripedium speciosuni, a monstrous, 623 Daffodils. 86 Digitalis lutea and grandifljra, 86 Early linen paper, 758 Figs, 628 Foliage variegated, 758 Fuchsia wiih petaliferoiis sepals, 758 Fungus on Mangos, 86 Hybrid Begonia, 628 Ixia bulb, diseased. 628 jasminum odoraiissimum. 758 Jerusalem Artichoke in blossom, 628 umping seeds from Mexico, 6.8 Malformed Lily, 628 Masdevallia achrocordonia. 623 ; lA. Dayana ; with larvce, 758 Mislleto in July, 86 Monstrous Orchid, a, 628 Narcissus, photographs of, 758 Orchids, drawings of, 628 Parmelia esculenta, 758 Pears, fire-blight in, 86 Plants from the Botanicil Gardens, Cambridge, 628 Primula capiiata, 628 Prehistoric Wheat, 758 Produce of plug-grafted Potatos, 628 Rhododendron ponticum var. myrti- folium, 86 Seakale with Sclerolia, 758 Selenipedium and Uropedium. 86 Sycamore root, hypertrophied, 628 Tomatos attacked by Pcronospora in- festans, 628 Veronica ligusirifolia { sal ici folia). 758 Xiphion reiiculatum, diseased, 758 Scotch notes, 105, 174, 211, 263, 300, 460. 555. 626 Scotland, mild weather in, 661 ; Aronaria norvegica in, 536 Scottish Arboricultural Society, 209 ; Horticultural Association, 83 Secreting glands of Chysis aurea, 209 ; of Oncidium B.itemauianum, 84 Sedura reflexura, proliferation of, 727 Seebpore Botanic Garden, 218 Seed and cross-fertilisation, Dafl'jdil, 535 ; farm. a. 165 ; groundi, Bedfont, Feltham, 264 ; harvest, the, 397 ; report on, 498 ; Himalayan Primrose, 429 ; prolonged vitality of, 274 ; saving at Forest Hill, 438 ; sowing, time of, 182 ; trade, the, 135, 430. j-jd Seeds, germination of, 439 ; Grape, 434 : hybridised Daffodil, 598 ; of European plants in the tropics, 497 ; of the Vine, germination of the, 423 ; testing. 787 ; transmission of. from the tropics, 756 ; transported by insects, 118 ; vitahty of. 7S6 Selenipedium Sedeni x , 596 ; S. caudatum, 269 Self-fertilisation of Epidendrum variega- tum, II Senecio macroglossus, 662 ; squalidus, 83 Sequoia, cultivating in CaUforiiia, 409 Sesamum in China, 338 Sex in plants, 609 Shrubs at Appley Towers, 181 Siara Ginger. 150 ; Tuak wood and paper-making in. 328 Singapore, 530 Silene ciliata, 82 ; S. Schafia, 521 Silkworm culture, 370 Silloth, development of, 720 Silphium laciniatum, 270 " Skeleton in the cupboard," the, 178 Skeleton leaves, 114 Skin of the leaf. 754 Snapdragon flowers and bees, 595 Sneezewood (Pteroxylon utile), 715 Snowy Mespilus, the, 488 Societies. American Florists', 178 ; Na- tional Chrysanthemum, 498, 722 ; Royal Horticultural of Aberdeen, 721 ; Scot, tish ArboricuUural, 209:; Royal Botani^:- London, 209 ; Calfdonian Horticul- tural, 338 ; Horticultural, 'i.^d ; Royal Horticultural Society's Certftcates, 19 ; meetings of the, 683 Societies, Rt;poRTS of Exhihitions : Aberdeen Chrysanthemum, 759 Ascot and Sunninghill, 695 Aylesbury, 83 Banbury, 759 Basingstoke. 283 Bath, Floral Fete, 375 ; Rose, 87 Birmingham, 727 Blackpool. 376 Brackley, 217 Brighton and Hove, 6g5 ; and Su'>sex, 344 Cheadle, 280 Chiswick, 119, 696 Chorley, 69O Clay Cross, 216 Cottagers" show. Royal Horticultural Society, 279 Cryptogamic of Sotland, 473 Crystal Pal ice, 53, 472 ; Clirysmthe- mum show. 629 ; Grand National Dahlia show, 343 Devizes, 694 Devon and Exeter, 313, 693 Dundee, 374 Filing. Acton, and Hanwill, 83, 599 Eastbourne, 697 Edinburgh Boianicil, 87. 664. 693, 793 Exeter Apple and Pear Show, 567 Feliham, 178 Glasgow and West of Scotland, 377 FLarpenden, 31 1 Hastings and St. Leonards. 249 Highgate, Fjnchley, and Hornsey, 599 Hounslow, 313 Hull and East Riding. 119, 695 Isle ol Wight. 690 Kingston and Surbiton, 6^0 Lambeth Amateurs, 663 Lewisham. 664 Lincoln, 694 Linnean, 817 Liverpool, -^zj \ cottager^' bhow. ^-j Luton, 665, 472 ^^aidenhead, 281 Maidstone, 3(0 Manchester Horticultural Improvement, 633 Massachusetts, 755 jMitlock Bath, 216 Moorpark, 344 Narborough, Enderley, and district, 283 National Auricula, Carnation, and Picotee Societies, "j-^ \ National Carnation and Picotee (Northern Section), 248 National Chrysanthemum, y;^, 504, S99. 631. 696, 759, 792 National Co-operative flo»ver sho.v, the first, 280 National Gooseberry, 250 National Rose, Ssuth Kensington, 5^ 791 Northampton, 185 North of Scotland Horticultural Asso- ciation, 754, 814 North of Scotland Root. 663 Nottingham Horticultural and Bota- nical, 119 Oxford Carnation and Picotee Union, 185 Oxford Mills, 374 Paisley, 377 Pembrokeshire, 695 Reading, 313, 664 Richmond, 57 Royal Caledonian Horticultural, 372, 759 Royal Horticultural, 86. 215, 279, 341, 407, 502, 565, 628, 758 ; provincial show, Liverpool, 21 Royal Jersey, 309 Royal Northern Horticultural of Aber- deen, 374 Ryde, 314 Sandy and District, 314 Scottish ArboricuUural, 246 Scottish Horticultural, 83, 473 ; Pansy, the, 27 Sevenoaks, 310 Shepperton. 56 ; Shropshire, 309 ; Sid- cup. 83 ; Smithfield Club, 759 Southampton, 184, 663 Stoke Newington and Highbury, 662 Stoke upon Trent, 313 Taunton Dene, 249 Torquay Rose. 56 Trowbridge 282 Tunbridge Wells, 55 Twickenham, 57 Watford. 665 Weston-super-Mare, 248 West Kent, 694 Wilts Horticultural, 183, 664 Winchester, 695 Woodside, 217 Yeovil, 251 York Ancient Florists', 697 ; Gala, 25 Soil for alpines. 520 Solanum Capsicaslrura, 535 ; S. tubero- sum, wild forms of, 746 Sonerilas, 661 Soup, Edwards' desiccated, 434, 785 South China, botanical rambles in, 618 Soy, 146 Spain, forestry in, 532 Sparrow, the, 147 Spary, Mr, Ed., 720 Spathoglottis Angustorum, 104 Specific names : "i," "ii," or " ana," 443 Spinach crop, failure of the winter. 657 Spinach, winter treatment, 727 ; crop, the, 7^9 Spiranthes Romanzaviana, 215, 340, 400. 471, 563 ; the last of, 423 Spircea bumalda from Ireland, 149; S. Thunbergii, 558 Spogel seeds, 562 Spruce, Colorado, 621 ; Himalayan Hem- lock, hardiness of. in Hants, iiS Stake and clip, new combination, 51 Stancliffe. 210 StaticeSurt'orowi. 82 Statistics cf harvests and meteorolo- gicil phenomena, 106 Stephanotis, floriferous, a, 3p; fruit, 150 Stocks for Apples, 625 Straits Settlements, the, 301 Strawberry, the, 523 ; Hautbois. 692 ; Noble, Laxton's. 75 ; plants, 406 ; litr forcing, 51 ; Garibaldi, dying olT, 412 ; preparing lor forcing, 47 ; The Cap- ^ tiin. 52 Strawberries at Mereworih, 149; out-of- doors. 535 Straw plait mdustry. Florence, 468 Streptocarpus Dunni. 625 Sireptosolen Jamesoni. 51 Styrax jipoaicum, 106 Subjects to plant in a heated hou;e, oo Subtropical beds. 14 Sutton & Sons", Gloxinias at, 173 Summer pinching of iruit trees, 84 Sunderland parki, curator, the, 464 Surplus gard.-ners. and what to do with the 3*0 S.vift-moth. the brown or small, 117 Surrey. Binanas hardy in. 306 Swancliffe Hall, Yorkshire, plants in flower at, 534 Sweet Brier hedge, 245 Sweet WiUiam, the, 244 ; diseased (Puc- cinia dianihi), 569; double crimson, 82 Sweet's, Mr., nursery. Whetstone. 39]. Swiss Society of Natural Science. 275 Sycamore, red-fruited. 59 Sydney Gardens, Bath, 43 Tabern^montana coroniria and other species, 75 Tamarisk, the, 338 Taplow Court, 229 Taxodium distichum, 148 Tea, insect pests of, 532 " Teas, exeunt," 467 Teak wood and paper-making in Siam, 323 Tecomi radican? var. grandiflira, 470 Temple Newsome, Vmei at, 172 Tendrils, movement of, 147 Ten-week Stock Princess Alice. 460 Thermal constant of vegetation, observa- tions on, 214 Thermometer, Cent, and Fahr. , 338 Thinning timber, 14 Thomson, Mr. George, 338 " Three acres," returns Irora, -^yj Three-anthered Cattleya Mossi.ie, a, 11 Thuia gigantea, 207 Thunbergia mysorensis, 786 Thysanotus multiflorus, 83 Tillandsiachrysostachvs, 623 ; T.(Vriesia) regina, 599 Timber, method of preserving, injapxa, 230 Time of seed sowing, 182 Tithes, extraordinary, 82 Tobacco, 424. 534 : advantages of, 218 ; Carter's experiments. 242, 339 ; cater- pillar on, 569 ; crop, handUng the, 666 ; cultivation and the Excise, 587 ; culti- vation in Devonshire, 330 ; culture, 789 ; and harvesting, 757 ; experiments, 274 ; effects of on land, 682, 749 ; growing, 467 ; in London, 146 ; in Havana, 498 ; in Ireland, 242 ; in Jersey, 554 ; in Borneo, 750 ; in North Wales, 456 ; in Salop, 339 ; the har- vest of, 400 Tomato Chiswick Red, 726 ; Sutton's Maiu Crop, 2rs ; Tree, 689 Tomatos, 647, 690 Tonquin Beans, 496 Trade notices, 621, 666, 691, 728, 787, 816 Trap to catch a drop of water, 594 Transplanting large trees, 781 Tree Ferns, a ramble amongst, 13 Tree, a memorial. 716 ; planting m Hong Kong, 77 ; Tomato, the, 754 ; and Granadilla, 689 Trees and shrubs, 217, 231, 338, 395, 494. 558. 779 : as fodder for stock, 75t ; at Devonhurst, Chiswick, 133 ; Australian and New Zealand in Arran, 679 ; commemorative, 176 ; &c., in Canlyre, Argyleshire, 714 ; hard-wood, to plant, 7S1 ; in the wrong place, 617 ; large, at Messrs. Lucombe, Pince & Co.'s nurseries, Exeter, 232 ; in the Western Highlands, 7x6 ; protection of, from stock, 117; stems, covering, 27 ; transplanting, 7S1 ; transplanting, niichine for. 816 Trentham Gardens, 504 Tresco, 558 Trial ground; of Messrs. fa^ob Wrench & Sons, 651 Tiichosma suavis, 779 Frichopilia marginaia, 392 Trientalis europjea, 440 Trimming overgrown evergreens, 492 Tring Park, winter flowers at, Sjg Trip to Chiriqui, 166, 200 Trileleia laxa, 83 Iritomas, 730 ; suggestion about, 497 Trondheim, exhibition at, 720 Trop:eolum Lobbianum, 406 Tropical fruits, 121 ; products, 569 Tropics, seeds of European plants in the, 49; Tiuga Brunoniana, 72. 500 : T. carolini- ana. 780 ; T. Pattoniana, 779 Tuberoses, 40 ; double African, 505 Tuberous Begonias, 296 ; Sotanums. wild forms of. 745 ; Begonias at Stan- stead Park Nursery, 243 Tulips, 121 ; choice, 459 ; late flowering, 19 Tumours, vegetable. 754 Tunii and Tripoli, vegetable products in, 43*^ Turner's, Mr. C, nursery, Slough, 588 Turnips. 371 Tweed Vineyards, Clovenfords, the, 105 Twig., bent. 73j U UvA grass (Uiva grass), Zostera marina, 729 Valr Royal Girdens, 439 Valencia and Cordova, Oranges in, 15 ; Orange crop in, 467 Vanda Denisoniana hebraica, 392 ; V. Sanderiana, 331 Vases, embelUshing, 780 Variegation, 439 Vegetable and Iruit crop of i'^86, 590 ; .products of Austro-Huigiry, 146; tumours, 754 Vegetables c^rcificated by Royal Horti- cultural Society. 750 Vegetarianism. 687 Vegetation of New South Wales, 459 Veitch & Sons' seed grounds at Turn- ham Green, 428 Veitch, R. , & Sons' plant group at Eveter. 775 Veronica chathamica, 82 ; V. parviflora, 779; V. sahcornioides, 114; salicifoha = ligustrifoiia, 758' Victoria, AuitraUa, winter - flowering plants in, 4(1 Vine disease at Diisseldorf, 691 Vine flowers, Erineuni on the, 178 ; ger- mination of seeds of, 423 ; down on the leaves of, 268 ; manures, 426 ; pruning, the philosophy of, 593 Vines and Tomatos, 593 ; Vines at Temple Newsome, 172 ; diseased, 268 ; for a Peach-house, 505 ; grafted, 564 ; keep- ing Grapes on, 791 ; renovatmg, 367 Vinery, the, 367 Vineries, replanting, 12 Vintage, the, 752 Violas as bedders, 118 Violas, white. 153 Violet, the history of a, 722 Violets, 270, 331 Visit of the cjueen to the Edinburgh Exhibition, 263 Vitality of Cycads, 145 ; of seed, pro- longed, 274 Vitis Martinii, 77 Walnut, the black, 6r6 Wasp;, 37r, 406, 438, 501 ; and their habits, 692, 756 V'lll The Gardoners' Chronic'c,] INDEX. Water fungus (Mitrula paludosa), 12 Weald, the (Messrs.' C'heal's nursery, &c,), 42. Webb & Sons' Seed and flower farms, 454 Wedncsbury, new park at, 114 Weed heaps, to treat, 187 Weeks" fireplace boiler, 788 Wellingtonia gigantea at Rridge Hall, Bury, 18 Wheat, prehistoric, 808 Wells, hot, 658 West African settlements, 153 Western North America. the'Larches of, 652 Wheat crops of 1886, the, 554 Whortleberry wine, 651 Widdringtonia juniperoides, 715 Wild fruits, 278 Willersley Castle, Cromford, 440 Williams. Mr. B. S., and the parks, 176 Williams', Orchids at Mr. B. S., 649 Window plants and their arrangement, 691 ; ledges, embellishing, 780 Wine, copper in, 593 Winter Cabbage Lettuce, Butterhead (new). 472 Winter flowering Carnations and Picotees, 494 W aston, on Apospory, 84 Wl 1, growth of, dependent on me- lt lological factors, 409 ; improved method of preserving, 230 ; ripening the, 49') Woodlawn, Didsbury, Woods at the late Colonial Exhibition, 715 Wood's nursery, Rouen, 458 Workmen's gardens, some, 231 Wrench, Messrs. J. & Sons', trial grounds of, 651 XANTMOCiiRAS sorbifolia, 204, 245 Yams in the West Indies, 403 Year, prospects of the, 112 ; the work of Y. How wood, 716 Yorkshire, plants which flowered late in, 790 Young gardeners' competition for Prizes, 17, 176, 199, 235. 266 Yucca brevifolia, paper pulp from, 18 Zamia integrifolia, 146 /enobia speciosa, 106 /innia elegans robusta grandifiora plenis- sima, 460 Zoospore, birth of an ovularian, 815 y 1ST OF J LLUSTRATIONS. Abies Lowiana, 752, 753 ; A. Pinsapo, male flowers, 9 Agaricus canipes r's, 492, 493 Amorphophallus ti anum, 432, 433 Arddarroch (see Supplement, Novem- ber 13) Ardisia japonica, 233 Aristolochia ridicula, 361 ; A. salpinx, 457 Aster Comet, 809 Azalea occidt ntalis, 105 Bayfordbury, Cedars at, 521 Begonia, tuber of, 198 Black Walnut, 617 Bleiia verecunda, 141 Boiler, the Trentham, 149 ; Weeks Fireplace, 788, 789 Box for postal transit of honey, 404 Broccoli, the Leadsham, 524 Broxbourne, the rockery at, 713, 717 Bulb section, 201 Calandra Sommeri (an Orchis weevil), 300 Campanula Allioni, 13 ; C. persicifolia, Backhouse's var., 529 Capparis spinosa, 557 Carpenteria cahfornica, 113 Cattleya calummatax, 525 Cattleya Mossias. 401 Cedars at Bayfordbury, 521, 553 Celery fly, the, 443 ; fungus, 757 Centaurea macrocephala, 169 Chelsea, the Cedar at, 337 ; the statue of Sir Hans Sloane at, 333 Chrysanthemum maximum, 273 ; C. uli- ginosum, 265 Chrysogonum virginianum, 681 Clematis Jackmani alba (see Supple- ment. October \t) Clerodendron nutans, 689 Ccelogyne Dayana, 44 Conifers, group of Barron's, shown at Liverpool, 369 Conservatory at Sandringham, 39^ Cordyline australis at Greenock, 585 Corylus colurna, male flower with leafy bractlets, 692 Crocus corms, 62S Crataegus pinnatilida var. major (tar- tarica), 620 Cucumbers, diseased, 53 Currants, red and white, on same bunch, Dahlia viridiflora, 429 Dendrobium Phalrenopsis, 556 ; D. stra- tiotes. 177 ; D. Wiliiamsianum, 173 Disease of Larch and Pine seedlings, 19 Diseased Cucumbers, 53 Dry rot, 629 Eaton Hall (see Supplement, July 3) Euphorbia grandidens, 721 Ferula glauca at Chelsea, 332 Fruit tree shoot, summer-pruned, 8 Fuchsia in the Isle of Man, 397 Fungus, orange, on Roses, 76, 77 Gesnera, tuber of, 198 Gloxinias, Heinemann's new, 589 Grevillea sulphurea, 469 Gunnera scabra at Totteridge, 425 H Helminthosporium echinulatum, 245 Holly Lodge, Highgate, 237 Honey extractor. 180 ; under the micro scope, 533 r^ettuce, Butterhead, 472 Lodoicea seychellarum, 18 1 M Cypripedium Morganae, 2 biens, semi-double, 405 Cypripediums, monstrous, 308, 309 super- JUGLANS nigra. 617 Kisu, or Irish Potato basket, 749 Larch seedlings, disease of, 19 Larix Grifftthii, 4^5 Leaf-cutter, sawfly, 59 Masdevallia Dayana. 428 Mina lobata, 684, 685 Mignonette. Canneli's new. 735 Mitrula paludosa, a water fungus. 12 Moor Park, 297 Moth and pupae, the Swift, or small brown, 117 Nannorrhops Ritchieana, 652, 653 Narcissus bulbs, proliferous. 373 Oats, disease of, 172 Odontoglossum vexillarium (Douglas plant of), 145 Olearia macrodonta, 305 ; O. nitida, 45 Oncidium. proliferous inflorescence of. 621 Orange coccus parasite, 565 Orange, scaly rinded, a, 780 Oxalis hirla, tuber of, 201 ; O. purpurea, tuber o', 201 P.-rONIA Broteri, 49 Pandanus variegatus, 657 Papaver pavoninum, 329 Parmelia esculenta. 758 Passiflora Watsoniana, 648 649 Peach, summer pinching of, 85 Phaius Humbloti. 173 Phalcenopsisamabilisgrandiflora, 213 ; P. Aphrodite amabilis, 213 ; P. speciosa, 277 Phyteuma comosum, 81 i^ine seedlings, disease of, 19 Pinus edulis, 301 ; P. monophylla, 137 Plan of a public park (prize plan at the Liverpool show}. 396 Polygonum sachalinense, 813 Pontederia, root of, 236 Poppy affected by fungus, 140 Potato basket or kish, 749 ; pot, 749 ; spade, 749 Pothos aurea, fasciated root of, 724 Pot lor boiling Potatos, Irish, 749 Primula hirsuta. Allioni, 593 Primula Reidi, 693 Puccinia buUata, 757 Pynaert, Edward, 777 Rose, orange fungus on the, 76, 77 Rubus phcenicolasius, 365 Salvia aurea, 745 Sandringham, conservatory at, 393 Selenipedium caudatura. monstrous form of, 269 Selenipedium Sedeni, peloriate flower of, 597 Slug, the shell-bearing. 602 Snowy Mespilus, the, 489 Spade for cultivating Potatos, Irish, 749 Spiranthes Romanzoviana, 400 Stancliffe, the rockery at (see Supple- ment, August 14) Stock, perpetual Ten-week, Princess Alice, 460 Strelitzia, cross section of rootstock, 236 Taxodium. proliferous cone of, 148 Tree Ferns at Tresco, 561 Trientalis europ?ea, roots of, 440 Tsuga Brunoniana. 73, 501 ; T, carolini- ana, 781 Tuberose field in Natal, 41 Vritci!, R., & Son's plant group at Exeter (see Supplement, December 18) Vines diseased, 368 W Walnut, black, 617 Weeks' fireplace boiler, 788, 789 Wellingtonia gigantea at Bury, i; Wheat, prehistoric, 808 Xanthoclras sorbifolia, fruit of. 205 Xaalhochymus pictorius, 340, 341 Zinnia elegans robusta grandifiora plenis- sima, 461 Zoospore, birth of an ovularian, 815 THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. Cstablisiljeli 1841. No. 653.— Vol. XXVI. {sSf.Es.} SATURDAY, JULY 3, li Registered at the General ) PriVn 'iri 5„=,.„«;., ,c , Newspaper. >- '^'^^'^^ O"- 1^^ ) Post-free, 54^ Post-o6B. I WITH SUPPLE CONTENTS. Abies Pindrow ,, Pinsapo Belgian horticulturists, c Colonial exhibition 8, Colonial notes— nbie amongst Tree Zealand crystallii Ferns, N Cottonia pedu Dendrubi Disease of Larch and Pine seedlings 18 Plants and their Eaton Hall Epidendrum vai iegatum, self-fertilisation of Florists' flowers . . Flower garden, the Forestry Gardeners' Chronicle prizes Kitchen garden, the Liverpool, round .. Liverpool Show, the Nitrate of soda prize, i 8 Nursery notes— BegoniasatMes! & Co.'s.. Gloxinias at Messrs. Hooper & Co.'s Herbaceous Pa;onies at Messrs. Kelway & Odontoglossumvexillarium Orchid houses, the ,, Conference .. Otterspool Peach-wall covers Plants, new certificated, during the last half year 1 1 Protea cynaroides . . 19 Royal Horticultural So- 13 ciety's Certificates 14 Schizopelalum Walkeri .. Royal Horticultural So- 16 ciety at Liverpool .. 19 Scottish Pansy .. 8 York Gala 15 I Tulips, late.. .. 19 I Vineries, replanting 10 I Water fungus, a ; Mitrula 16 paludosa Wellingtonia gigantea . . 18 ; Weather, the ILLUSTRATIONS. Abies Pinsapo, male flowers .. Campanula Allioni. . Disease of Larch and Pine Seedlings . . Eaton Hall (see Supplementary Sheet) Water Fundus, a, Mitrula paludosa .. Wellingtonia gigantea SCOTCH SUBSCRIBERS TO 'THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE mho experience any difficulty in obtaining their Copies regularly, are particularly re- quested to communicate with the Publisher, W. RICHARDS, 41, Wellington Street, Strand, W.C. GAHDENERS' CHRONICLE OFFICE TELEGRAMS. NOTICE to Correspondents, Advertisers, Sub- scribers, and Others. The Registered Ad- dress for Foreign and Inland Telegrams is " GARDCHRON, LONDON." NOTICE to SUBSCRIBERS and OTHERS. Post-office Orders and Postal Orders should be made payable at No. 42, DRURY LANE. Now Ready. In cloth, 16s. 'J^HE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE, I Volume XXIV., JULY to DECEMBER. 1885. W. RICHAKDS. 41. Wellmgton Street. Strand. W.C. 'THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE J- IN AMERICA. The Subscription to America, including Postage, is $6.35 for Twelve Monihs. Asent (or America ;-C. H. MAROT, 814, Chestnut Street. Philadelphia. U.S.A., to whnm American Orders may be sent. White Flowers for Cutting. "pUCHARlSMASTERSnandSANDERII. good Rulbs, 1 offered. ting Eucharis r hundred, by Mr. WILLIAM BULL, Establishment for New and Rare Plants. 536. King's Road. Chelsea, London, S.W. 100 Herbaceous and Alpine Plants for 263 "piCHARD SMITH and CO.'S selection as -LV above contains a most interesting and valuable assort- ment of beautirul and Hardy Plants for the Border or Rock- work, which produce flowers and render the garden attractive all through the year. New LIST of sixty-four pages free. RICHARD SMITH and CO., Nurserymen and Seed Merchants. Worcester. RIGHT'SWELL-KNOWN CELERIES. — A few thousand strong Plants of Wright's Grove Pink (syn. Claywonh Prize), also Grove White, to ofl:'er. Price upon application, W. WRIGHT, Market square, Retford. ' To the Trade Only. EH. KRELAGE and SON, Haarlem, • Holland, have just Published their Wholesale CATA- LOGUE fcr the Season 1886-87 (76th year, No. ■^Ssa), ol Dutch Flower Roots and Miscellaneous Bulbous and Tuberous- rooted Plants. The Catalogue was sent to all the Correspondents of the establishment who have a right to it, and will be sent as well on prepaid application to NurseiymcD, Seedsmen, and Florists TMPATIENS HAWKERII.— This magnifi- -*- cent new plant, the most handsome of the genus, is cow in Flower at Mr. WILLIAM BULL'S Establishment, 536. King's Road. Chelsea, London, S.W. RIMULAS.— PRIMULAS.— PRIMULAS. — Seventeenth year of distribution. Williams' Superb Strain, il. 6J. per dozen ; los. per too. CINERARIAS, same price. Package and carriage free. Also Double White Primulas, 6rf. each.-JOHN STEVENS, The Nurseries, Coventry. LEMATIS JACKMANNI ALBA (new).— Strong flowering Plants {4 feet bine), of this free-blooming " White Jackmanni," now ready, iJ each, 30s. per dozen. Choice varieties of CLEMATIS", in pots, ii. id , ai., to 21. 6d. each. The usual allowance to the Trade. GEO. JACKMAN and SON, Woking Nursery, Surrey. PRIMULAS, CINERARIAS, CYCLAMEN. — Plants now ready for potting in single pots. First-cl.ass strains (still supplying Customers who have had from us for 13 years). PRIMULAS and CINERARIAS-12 foe ii. 6i. 24 for w. 6i , 100 for 91. CYCLAMEN— 13 for as. WM. CLIBRAN and SON, Oldfield Nursery, Altrincham ; 12, Market Street, Manchester. Now Ready. TEA and NOISETTE ROSES, in Pots, of best sorts only, in great quantity, and of best possible quality. Priced LIST gratis. A Sample Dozen will be put on rail, carefully packed for travfl'ing, on receipt of i3r. 6d. SWING AND CO , Sia View Nurseries, Havant. Hants. CREEPERS for WALLS, &c.— By planting what is suitable an ugly object may easily be made beautiful. Descriptive LIST and advice free. RICHARD SMITH and CO., Nurserymen and Seed Merchants, Worcester. Hyacluths, Tulips, Crocus, Lilies, &c. CG. VAN TUBERGEN, Jun., Haarlem, • Holland.— Wholesale CATALOGUE now ready, and may be had free on application to R. SILBERRAD and SON, 25, Savage Gardens, Gutched Fris , London, E.C. pARNATION "PRIDE of PENSHURST." V^ -The most beautiful yellow ( First-class Certificate Royal Horticultural Society). Vigorous grower, perpetual blocmer, suitable (or either pot culture or borders, perfectly hardy, farces well. Healthy, well rotted plants, established in pots, of ihis lovely variety, 121. per dozen ; sample plant post-free for fifteen penny stamps. F. WEBBER. Quarry Hill Nursery. Tonbridge, Kent. INTS on the IMMEDIATE BEAUTI- FVING of GARDENS. See Herbaceous, Alpine and Bedding Plant LISTS, free on application. RICHARD SMITH and CO., Worcester. F OR SALE, Three Large Plants of FICUS ELASTICA, 8 feet high, stems 7 inches round, th fine heads : would move well. Apply to J. LANCASTER, 39, Lime Tree Vulas, Plaistow, E. FOR SALE, MYATT'S EARLY OFFEN- HAM CABBAGE SEED, saved from stems carefully selected. This splendid strain is unequalled as an early Cabbage. New Seed of good growth, 5r. per lb. Special quotations for Urge quantities. Apply to C. MYaTT, Harvington, Evesham. EESON'S MANURE is the best for all Horticultural Purposes. Sold in tins, is., 2j. 6J., 5J. W , and 105. id., or i cwt. bags, sealed, i3t. each. By all Nursery- men or Seedsmen, or direct from Carbrook Bone Mills, Sheffield. Also pure CRUSHED UNBOILED BONES, any size, and guaranteed of the best quality. WISE AND RIDES beg to inform Senders that they now have special facilities for the SALE of BEANS, CUCUMBERS. TOMATOS, GRAPES, MUSH- ROOMS, &c Also for EUCHARIS, Maiichal Niel ROSES, and other CHOICE CUT FLOWERS. WISE AND RIDES, Fruit and Flower Salesmen, Fruit Market, and 360, Flower Market, Covent Garden. London, W.C. SQUELCH AND B aTrI^ HAM, North Row, CoventGarden, London, W.C, REQUIRE any quantity of fine Muscats, for which they can offer good prices, also tine Black Grapes, Tomatos, Cucumbers, choice Flowers, &c. SQ U E L C H AND BArTn H A M, giving personal attention to all consignments, they are thus enabled to obtain the HIGHEST MARKET PRICE. SQUELCH AND B A R N H A M. ACCOUNT SALES sent daUy, and CHEQUES forwarded weekly. BANKERS and TRADE REFERENCES. BASKETS and LABELS supplied. Floral Commission Agency. A HILL AND CO., 52, Hart Street, Covent • Garden, W.C , are open to RECEIVE CONSIGN- MENTS of Choice CUT FLOWERS in any quantity. A. H. & Co., giving personal attention to all consignments, are thus enabled to obtam the highest market prices. All Cheques for- warded weekly. Bankers and good Trade references. Boxes and Labels supplied. ANTED, PANDANUS VEITCHII CUTTINGS. G. PHIPPEN, Nurseryman, Reading. w s UTTON'S FLORISTS' FLOWER SEEDS, post-free. SUTTON'S CALCEOLARIA. The Best. "I have taken rst Prize for Calceolaiias grown from the seed I got from you. It is the be:t strain I ever saw. This is the second year in succe-sion tljat plants from your seed have taken istPnze here."— Sir A. E Ramsay. Bart., Cheltenhdin. Price, ij. 6(i'. and 51. per Packet, post-free. UTTON'S CI NERaIua! The Best. *' I raised 118 plants from a packet of Cineraria seed sup- plied by your firm. Some ol ihe plants measure 2 feet 7 inches Irom tip to lip of the leaves. The colours are splendid." — Mr. W. Ward, Gardener to the Hon. A. G. Campbell. Bracknell. Price, 2s. 6d. and gj. per Packet, post-free. OUTTON'S PRIMULA. The Best. O •• The Primulas I raised from your seed (Special Hybrid) have been magnificent, ihe flowers being beautifully fringed, and the colours of the most beautiful shades.*'— Mr. C. H. WiisT, Gardener to H. Stubbs, Esq , Nuneaton. Price, 2f. (td. and 5J per Packet, post-free. SUTTON AND SONS, Seedsmen, by Royal Warrants, to H.M. the Quern, and H.R.H. the Prince of Wales, Reading. Specialties. NEW PLANT AND BULB COMPANY, Lion Walk, Colchester. IMPORTED ORCHIDS, CATTLEVAS, DISA GRANDl- FLORA, ODONTOGLOSSUM VE.XILLARIUM, COOL ORCHIDS, of sorts; LILIUM AURATUM, BULBS of all kinds, Haroy and Half-hardy; North American LILIES and HARDY PLANTS. Importers, Exporters, Plant Merchants. LEMATIS JACKMANNI ALBA (Noble). The White JackmannL The Raiser now distributes the above at the Reduced Price of 3J. each. The value of strong j-yr. old Plants will be well understood by alL CHARLES NOBLE, Bagshot. Other Nursery Stock. Send for prices. IGHTY THOUSAND CLEMATIS, in Pots, of all the finest Double and Single Varieties (some of the flowers of which become lo inches across, and are of every bhade, from pure while to the darkest purple), for climb- ing and bedding, from i2r. to 14J. per dozen, strong plants. Descriptive LIST on appUcation.— RICHARD SMITH and CO.. Nurserymen and Seed Merchants, Worcester. NARCISSUS. — All the best varieties for cutting and for evety description of forcing Bulbs. See my Special Trade offer, which may be had upon application. THOMAS S. WARE, H.,le Farm Nurseries, Tottenham, CHOICE FERNS.— Maidenhair, Moonwort, Crested Lady-Fem, Royal Fern. Crested Hart's-tongue, Ceterach. Marinum and Aemua. The eight species, aj. 6oth strong in thumbs. For cash only. ROBERTS BROTHERS, East Grinstead. PALM S. — Four Thousand, in thumbs, 4, and 5 leaves, £i is. per loo, CORYPHA AUSTRALIS, I COCOS PLUMOSA, LATANIA BORBONICA, | ARECA SAPIDA. Apply to J. BAGG. Hanwell Nursery. Hanwell, Middlesex. W. To the Trade. RAPE-SEED and WHITE MUSTARD. HAND F. SHARPE have fine Samples of • the above-named Seeds, extra cleaned for seed pur- poses, and will be pleased to submit them with lowest prices on application. Seed Growing Establishment, Wisbech. LOVEL'S STRAWBERRY RUNNERS.— Strong, healthy, and well-rooted, from leading varieties. LIST OQ application. Sample of Plants, post-free, 3*/. W. LOVEL AND SON, Strawberry Grower, Driffield. THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLH. (July 3, 1886. SALES BY AUCTION. Tuesday Next. ODONTOGLOSSUM AI.EXANDK.l.. CAITLEVA SANDKKIANA Collected and sent home direct by Mr, F. Mari. MESSRS. PROTHEKOE and MORRIS will SELL by AUCTION, at their Central Sale Rooms, 67 and 68, Cheanside, E.C., on TUESDAY NEXT, Julv 6, at half.past la o'clock precisely, 1030 ODONTOGLOSSUM ALKXANDR^, including many line pieces; and 100 CAIT- LRYA SANIJERIANA, some of the masses having ten to thirty liulbs, the whole received in splendid condition. On view mornine of Sale, and Catalogues had. Tuesday Next. AliRIDES GODKFKOYANUM. new sp. MESSRS. PROTHEROE AND MORRIS, will include in their SALE on TUESDAY N e YT. July 6, 55 strong plants of AERIDES GODEFROYANUM. new sp. described by Professor Reichenbach in Ca-driurs' Chronicle. June v6 List, p. 814 ; also CYPRIPEDIUM CON- COLOR var. KONKINENSE. C. REGNIERII in bloom. C. CAUDATUM WARSCEWIEZII. C. SELLIGERUM MAJUS, in bloom. C VEITCHII, in bloom. PHAL^NOP- SIS ANTENNIFERA. EPIDENDRUM ARACHNO- GLOSSUM ALIiUM, &c., nlsothe CoVection of Established ODONTOGLOSSUM ALEXANDR/E, the property of C. M. Satow, Esq . of Clapton, who is giving up their culture. Amongst these will be found many very fine varieties and a few other species. On view morning of Sale, and Catalogues had. Tuesday Next. MESSRS. PROTHEROE AND MORRIS will include in their SALE, on TUESDAY NEXT, by order of the New Plant and Bulb Company, a quantity of COOL ORCHIDS from Oceana, including ODONTO- GLOSSUM PESCATOREf, O. BLANDUM. O. HASTI- LABIUM, and others ; CATTLEYA TRIAN/E from Ibague ; ADA AURANTIACA. &c. On view morning of Sale, and Catalrgues had. Friday Next. CATTLEYA GIGAS SANDERIANA. 5000 ODONTOGLOSSUM ALEXANDR/E. MESSRS. PROTHEROE AND MORRIS are instructed by the New Plant and Bulb Co., to SELL by AUCTION, at their Central S.ale Rooms, 67 and 63, Cheapside, E.C , on FRIDAY NEXT, July 9, at half- past 12 o'clock precisely, a grand importation of this fine CATTLEYA, collected just after flowering, some of the spikes having been noticed to carry six and seven flowers : also about aooo ODONTOGLOSSUM ALEXANDR/E, from a new locality in the Parho district ; some splendid species of O. KI.ANDUM, O. LUTEO-PURUREUM. O. HASTILA- BIUM, O. CORONARIUM.in grand condition; and others, selected fine vaiielies of MASDEVALLIA HARRYANA, marked in flower, &c.; with other COOL ORCHIDS. Oq view morning of Sale, and Catalogues had. Tuesday. July 13. CATTLEYA SANDERIANA. ODONTOGLOSSUM ALE.XANDR/E, established. MESSRS. PROTHEROE and MORRIS are instructed by Messrs. Shuttle^orth, Carder & Co. 10 SELL by AUCTION, at their Central Sale Rooms, 67 and 63, Cheapside, E.C, on TUESDAY July 13, at half-past 12 o'clock precisely. 200 plants of CATTLEYA SANDERIA^IA, just received in splendid masses and fine condition, having good dormant eyes. Also iro lots of estab- lished ODONTOGLOSSUM ALEXANDRA (guaranteed unfiowered) of the very best type ; and other ORCHIDS. On view marning of Sale. a. d Catalogues had. Furze Down Park, Tooting Common, S.W. PRELIMINARY. IMPORTANT CLEARANCE SALE of CHOICE STOVE and GREENHOUSE PLANTS, Valuable ORIHIDS. &c. . by order of Charles Seely, Esq., who is leaving the neighbourhood. MESSRS. PROTHEROE and MORRIS are favoured with instructions to SK LL by AUCTION, on the Premises, as above, on WEDNESDAY, July 2t, at 12 o'clock precisely, the whioe of the VALUABLE COL- LECTION of STOVE and GREENHOUSE PLANTS, including many handsome specimen plants, beautiful Palms and Tree Ferns, Specimen Camellias and Azaleas, Established Orchids, many fine e.-iaroples of Greenhouse Rhododendrons, Garden Utensils, S:c. May be viewed the day piior to the Sale. Catalogues may be had of Mr. R. Laing. the Head Gardener, on the Premises ■ and of the Auctioneers and Valuers, 67 and 63, Cheapside^ London, K.C. Wednesday Next.— (Sale No. 7184 ) IMPORIED ORCHIDS from Colombia, Mexico, Brazil, &c MR. J. C. STEVENS will SELL by AUCTION, at his Great Rooms, 38, King Street Covent Garden, WC. on WEDNESDAY NEXT, 10^7 at half-past 12 o'clock precisely, a fine lot of ODONTOGLOS- SUM CRISPUM (best type), O. VEXILLARIUM, CAT- Vi'A^.iS^^'^^^'^^- '^- GIGAS, ONCIDIUMS, and other ORCHIDS, all in the best possible condition, from Messrs Shuttleworlh & Co. ; fine masses of LiELIA ANCEPS, l' AUTUMNALIS, L. SPECIE (supposed new), PARKERIA ELEGANS, ODONTOGLOSSUMS in variety LYCASTES &c., from Mexico. Also a fine lot of L^LIA PERRINIl' ^,?^Wi-^^^ WALKERIANA, C. BICOLOR, ONCll DIUMS, &c., from Brazil. On view morning of Sale, and Catalogues had. Thursday Next -(Saie No. 7.85.) VALUABLE IMPORTATIONS OF ORCHIDS IV/rR- J- C. STEVENS will SELL by iTX AUtJTION at his Great Rooms, 38, King Stree!, Covent Garden W.C., on THURSDAY NEXT, July 8 at half past 12 o'Clock precisely, by order of Mr. F. Sandfr ?-"«"'-Ji?ri'>?r''L°.'P,?,9'°'"'^ VARICOSUM ROGERSII, 's^Tl^^^^ HARRISONII (fine masses), MILTONIA npr'lr',n''-"-^.'i AERIES ROSEUM, and many other fini SUM^aEeXaIIj^dSTiI fl^er."""" °' ODONTOGLOS- On view morning o( Sale, and Catalogues had. M Special Sale of Orchids in Flo'wer. R. J. C. STEVENS begs to announce R ^ Sh' i"' ^■F^'^ ^t^\ "' ORCH ids, in Flower and Bud, will uke place at his Great Rooms, 38 Kina Street iTh' ?';■,'?; "'f- 0° Wednesday; juiy ,4? and he will be glad if Gentlemen desuous of ENTERING PLANTS Cardlflf. SALE of FLORIST'S aod MARKET GARDENER'S BUSINESS. MR. W. COURTENAY CLARKE is in- structed to OFFER for SALE by TENDER, a-; a going concern, subject to conditions, the BUSINESS of Mr. William Thomas, 6, Crockherbtown, Cardiff, and Whitchurch, Seedsman, Florist, and Market Gardener. The shop is situated in the best part of the important town of Cardiff, and possesses every accommodation for the carrying on of an extensive business. In the rear are large and well-constructed Hothouses, fitted with every appliance and stocked with a choice selection of Plants. A Lease of the Premises may be obtained at a rental of £160 a year, tenant paying rates and taxes. The Garden and Ground at Whitchurch (near Cardiff) have been under careful cultiva- tion for a long period, and are well supplied with Fruit, Shfubs, Flowers and Ornamental Trees. The rent of the Gardens at Whitchurch is £44 per annum The Sale presents a capital opportunity to any Florist and Gardener desirous of obtaioing an old-established business on favourable terms. Separate Tenders must be delivered to the Broker for the business, which is offered in the following Lots :— Lot i —Goodwill, Green- houses. Shop Fixtures, Trade Plant. Utensils, and Stock, at No. 6, Crockherbtown. Lot 2.— Book Debts, amounting, as per Schedule, to ^346 us 2d. Lot 3.— Stock of Fruit, Plants, and Shrubs, at Whitchurch. The Broker, on behalf of the vendors, reserves to himself the right of accepting the highest aggregate Tender for Lots i and 2, and would point out that by acquiring the Book Debts the purchaser of the business will in a large measure secure the valuable connection already formed. Schedules of the Stock. Plant, Trade Utensils, and Book Debts may be seen at the Office of the Broker, to whom all Tenders must be delived on or before July 13, 1886. For further particulars application may be made to F. C. GOODCHILD, Esq , 35, Old Jewry, London, or to the Broker, at his Office. 4. Crockherbtown. Cardiff. June 21, 1886, THE LIVERPOOL HORTICULTURAL COMPANY (John Cowan), Limited. Have a large and fine stock of EAST INDIAN, MEXICAN, and other ORCHIDS : and they are constantly receiving fresh Importations from various parts of the world. Full particulars of Orchids in stock, and also of fresh importa- tions as received, forwarded on application. The Company have also a large stock of TEA and other ROSES inputs. GRAPE VINES, FERNS.and other ORNA- MENTAL PLANTS. LISTS with futi particulars on application. THE VINEYARD and NURSERIES, GARSTON, LIVERPOOL. address for TELEGRAMS—" COWAN, LIVERPOOL." FOR DISPOSAL, a FLORIST and JOB- BING business, 6 mUes from Marble Arch. Eight Greenhouses planted with Cucumbers and Tomatos, three Frames. In all over 4000 feet super, % acre of Land, good eight-roomed House. Ten years' lease ; rent jCs°- Price for Stock, Fixtures, &c., ;62oo. Apply. J. L.. 42, The Grove, Ealing, Middlesex. OR SALE, a FLORIST'S BUSINESS, close to Park Station, G.E.R., consisting of Freehold Plot of Ground, frontage 60 feet, depth 150 feet. Two 45 feet Houses, fitted with 3 foot 6 inch Saddle Boiler, and 4-inch Hot-water Pipes. Houses and Ground well stocked, and in good going condition. Personal application only to SAM. COOPER, 6, Heybourne Road, Park Station, Tottenham, London. FOR DISPOSAL, in a thriving market town, within 15 miles of London, an old-established NURSERY BUSINESS, with good Dwellinghouse and Seed Shop attached. Terms very moderate. Apply to A. B., 9t, Gr.icechurch Street, City, EC. FOB SALE. NURSERY AND SEED BUSINESS. ryUE OLD-ESTABLISHED NURSERY -L and SEED BUSINESS, so successfully carried on for upwards of 60 yea.s by THOMAS IMRIE and SONS. AYR. The Nursery Grounds, extending to abiut 45 acres, adj >io the Railway Station, and are well stocked with saleable Trees and Shrubs, and there are commodious premises for carrying on the Seed Business. The Business may be Sold either as one, or Nursery and Seed separately : and is being disposed of solely on account of Mr. Imrie's ' ' .... Further particulars 00 applic AND SONS. Ayr, N.B — June 11, iBao. TO LET. — Gardeners with a little capital can hire in the country a nice COTTAGE, with Garden, 3 Greenhouses and Pit, and as much Land as required. All in good order, and in a healthy part of Essex. Apply to J. SMITH, 1 2j, Southgale Road, Islington, N. B E R K S" TO BE LETOR SOLD, as a thorough ^oing concern, A NURSERY, Comprising 2H acres, about <;o miles from London, with Shop in Market Place. Good Dwelling House, Greenhouse, Frames, &c. For particulars, apply to J FLOOD, 57, Albert Street, Mornington Crescent, London, N.W. To Florists, &c. TO LET on LEASE, with Option of Purchase. Goodwill and Possession, of an old ESTA- BLISHED BUSINESS. Eleven spacious Greenhouses, quantity of Pits, Ike. Heated with Hot-water. Good Local Trade with Covent Garden. Stands, Vans, Carts, &c. Cottages in Nursery if required. Incoming low to immediate purchaser. Satisfactory reasons for leaving. RICH BIGGS. The Nurseries, LewUham. Fifty NuTfleiiea, Market aardena. Florist and Seed BUSINESSES to be DISPOSED OF. MESSRS. PROTHEROE and MORRIS' HORTICULTURAL REGISTER contains full particulars of the above, and can be obtained, gratis, at t7 and es, Cheapside, London, £.0. ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY, South Kensington, S.W. GRAND ROSE SHOW, by the NATIONAL ROSE SOCIETY, in the Conservatory, on TUESDAY, July 6. Doors open at i o'Clock. Admission is., which includes entrance to the Colonial and Indian Exhibition. R i G H T^O N AQ U A R I U M . GRAND ROSE EXHIBITION, FRIDAY and SATURDAY, July 9 and 10. Schedules on application to J. WILKINSON. Manager and Secretary. C^RAND ROSE SHOW, T Norwich, TUESDAY and WEDNESDAY, July it and t4 (during visit of Royal Agricultural Society). ONE HUNDRED and FIFTY POUNDS offered in PRIZES, in- cluding Roses, 72 vars.. ^10 ; 48 vars.. £s 5'- : 3^ »ar5. (ama- teurs), £5 $s. — 83 classes in all. Entries close July 8, ARTHUR W. PRESTON, Hon. Secretary. Bank Plain, Norwich. _ OTTINGHAM HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. The GRAND FLOWER SHOW and HORTICULTURAL EXHIBITION will be held in Mapperley Park, Nottingham, on WEDNESDAY and THURSDAY, July 14 and 15. ONE HUNDRED and FIFTY POUNDS and Special Prizes. Entries Close, July 7. Schedules and all information may be obtained from =, Exchange Row, Nottingham. E- STEWARD. S^^ rULL, EAST RIDING, N HULL, EAST RIDING, and NORTH LINCOLNSHIRE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. A GRAND HORTICULTURAL EXHIBITION will be held in the Hull Botanic Gardens, on WEDNESDAY, THURSDAY, and FRIDAY, July 14, 15, and 16. Upwards of TWO HUNDRED GUINEAS in Money Prizes, besides Gold and Silver Medals. Schedules and particulars of PHILIP MAC MAHON, Curator. Hull Botanic Gardens. The following, ammgit other valuable Prizes, will be awarded : — Group of Ten Stove and Greenho jse Plants in bloom (Orchids excluded), and Six Ornamental. Fine-foliage or Variegated Plants, distinct varieties, ist Prize. jCts and the Society's Gold Medal ; ad Prize, /lo ; 3d Prize, £s- SHREWSBURY ROSE SHOW will be held on THURSDAY, July ts. Open Prizes for 72 varieties, ^'O, £i, ia. and others Schedule from H. JONES, and GEO TOWNSEND. Hon. Sei ROSE SHOW at MANCHESTER, JULY 17. For Schedules apply to the undersigned. BRUCE FINDLAY. Royal Botanic Gardens, Manchester. B"" EDFORDSHIRE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY'S SHOW at Luton, on WEDNESDAY. July at. A GRAND SHOW of FLOWERS and FRUITS, open to the United Kingdom, will be held in connection with the above, whan the following VALUABLE PRIZES, amongst others, will be offered :— 10 ORCHIDS, ist, £to ; ad, £6 ; 3d, £^. 6 ,, 1st, £6 ; 2d. £i ', 3d. £2. 12 STOVE and GREENHOUSE PLANTS, ist. £15:26, £io : 3d, £s. 6 rst, ;£7; ■>A.£l.; ii. £i. Also for ROSES. FRUITS, &c. For Schedules and particulars '^r^Souare. Luton. Mr. S. C. OLIVER, Hon. Sec. SALTERHEBBLE and DISTRICT ROSE SOCIETY. The ANNUAL EXHIBITION of ROSES will be held on THURSDAY, July 22. Entries close July 20. Schedules on '"•Hea'thTane, Halifax. ARTHUR M. BEECROFT, Sec. STOKE-ON-TRENT HORTiruLTURAL SOCIETY. The FIFTH ANNUAL EXHIBITION wiU be held on THURSDAY, August 26. Veitch Memorial Medal, Certifi- for nform nd Ferns intermixed ; also ig and Foliage Plants. I may be obtained from 17. London Road, Stoke. HUDDERSFIELD CHRYSANTHEMUM SOCIETY. The THIRD EXHIBITION will be held in the Town Hall. Huddeisfield, on FRIDAY and SATURDAY, November 12 and II. Schedules and Entry Forms are now ready, and may ''°M:rsS?Hu'c!deVsfie"ld? "r. JOHN BELL, Hon. Sec. To Landed Proprietors, tsc. AMcINTYKE (late of Victoria Park) is -• now at liberty to undertake the FORMATION and PLANTING of NEW GARDEN and PARK GROUNDS and REMODELLING existing GARDENS. Plans prepared. IIS, Listria Park, Stamford Hill, N. CUTTINGS of Choicest New FLORISTS' FLOWERS (1885) very cheap. Per dozen varieties :- Fuchsias and Pentstemons, 2^. ; Zonal Pelargoniums, single and double. Ivy-leaf, &c., 3^. : Chrysanthemums, is. 6rf. Or to include new of last three or four years — Chrysanthemums. 50 for 31. ; Fuchsias, 50 for 31. ; Zinal Pelargoniums, double and single. Ivy, &c. . 100 for 8s. Plants also supplied very cheap. All free by parcel post. A quantity of choice single Dahlias, fine plants, 2j. per dozen. CATALOGUES free on application. RICHARD PANNETT. The Nurs.rv Ch^i'— <-..-.- W GORDON, IMPORTER OF ORCHIDS • from ALL PARTS of the WORLD. -An IMMENSE STOCK of recently imported Plants compels a SALE of the Established Plants to make room. These have not yet flowered, but are all flowering plants, and must be sold at a great sacrifice. VERY VALUABLE VARIETIES are certainly to be ob- tained, and great bargains : see Public Journals for high prices recently obtained. THE SPECIAL OFFER affords a PAYING INVESTMENT to any one with glass at command, which should not be overlooked. SUCH PLANTS may never again be offered to the PUBLIC and the TRADE. Apply to W. GORDON, The Nurseries, Amyand Park Road, Twickenham, Middlesex. July 3, 1886.] THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. CARTERS' BRILLIANT PRIZE CINERARIA. AWARDED ist Prize Royal Aquarium iS36 Banksiao Medal, Royal Horticultural Society .. 1885 Large Bronze Medal.Royal Boianic Society .. 1885 ■^-ilver Medal Royal Boianic Society 1883 Banksian Medal, Royal Horticultural Society .. 1883 E\tra and Second Puze, Crystal Palace .. .. 1884 Large Bronze Medal Royal Botanic Society .. .. 1884 Banksian Medal, Royal Horticultural Society.. .. 1884 Finest MIXED SEED, containing every shade of colour, Price Is. 6d.. 2s. 6d . 3s. 6d , & 6a. pkt, post-free. 237 & 238, HIGH HOLBORN, LONDON. New Fern ADIANTUM FRAGRANTISSIMA (First- class Certificate).-In introducing for the first time this lovely Fern, which was raised in their establi-hment, E. G. H. & Son have no hesitation in saying that never since the intro- duction of A. Farleyense has anything approaching such a charming variety been introduced ; in habit it i> all that can be desired as a decorative plant, the fronds rising well from the crown, terminating into a graceful curve, forming quite a plume- )ike frond, while the pinnse, which is of moderate size, is beau- tifully cut, as in the way of A. Farleyense alcicome. and in a young state ; the centre of the same is of a golden-green, yerging off into a paler shade, and changing to a deeper green as It approaches maturity; and in addition, when growing, it is deliciously fragrant, a lew plants filling the house with a sweet perfume. Either as a valuable addition to a collection, or for exhibition or decoration, this remarkable novelty is certain to become the most popular Adiantum iu cultivation. The fronds when cut last a length of time ; some which were cut as an experiment remained in perfection more than a week in a warm room. Being of a vigorous constitution, and of such surpasbing elegince, it will quickly supersede the eld favcuriie, A. cune atum, for all purposes. Healthy plants, in 4-inch pots, each, 5*. and ^i. td. ; 6 for 3ti. and 3af E. G. HENDERSON and SON, Pine-apple Nursery. Maida Vale. London. W. Spring Gardening. CHOICE FLOWER SEEDS for Spring Gardening, of the very best strains ; also VEGETABLE SEEDS r.f all sorts, likewise of the best strains. Piiced CATALOGUE post-free. JAMES DICKSON & SONS, *' Hvyal" Nursery aid See i Establishment^ 108. Eastgaie *^treet, Chester. FERNS A SPECIALTY. An IMMENSE STOCK. In SPLENDID CONDITION. ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE, containing " Hints on Fern Cultivation," ij. SMALLER CATALOGUE, of over 1300 species and varieties, including Descriptive " List of Nbw, Rars. and Choick Ferns." and " Hardy North American Fbrns," free on application. W. & J. BIRKENHEAD, FERN NPRSERY, 8ALB, MANCHESTER. DUTCH BULBS CHEAP. FB.ENCH BT7LBS CHEAP. ENGLISH BULBS CHEAP. See our Special Wholesale Catalogue of Bulbs, Comaining List of all the best varieties of HYACINTHS, TULIPS, CROCUS, LILIUMS. DAFFODILS, IRIS, SNOWDROPS, &c., tree on application to WAT KINS & SIMPSON, Seed and Bulb Merchants, EXETER STREET, STRAND, LONDON, W.C. CYCLAMEN — CYCLAMEN — CYCLA- MEN,— Same grand strain aad from the same celebrated growers that 1 have sent out for the last twenty years, but with all the latest improvements in colour, size, form, and habit. Five year-old Plants, \s. 6d. per dozen, 51. for 50, 9s. for 100, all Carriage free. S. SHEPPERSON, Florist, Prospect House, Belper. SAMUEL SHEPPERSON, Florist, Prospect House, Belper. Derbyshire, begs to offer the following, of which he makes a specialty : — PRIMULAS — PRIMULAS — PRIMULAS. —Grand Premier Prize Stiain of the finest new colours, as White. Carmine, Rose, Salmon, Crimson, Mauve, &c. Fine large trusses and beautifully fringed flowers. Strong Flant.= , to bloom well, IS. yi. per dozen, extra strong is. 6d. ; 91. per 100, all free, CINERARIA S-C I N E R A R I A S— CINERARIAS.-Bull's celebrated Prize Strain, dwa.f compact habit, and most brilliant colours, cannot possibly be excelled. Good Plants, is. ^d. per d jzen, extra strong if. 6tl. ; gt. per ion, all free. SAMUEL SHEPPERSON, Florist, Prospect House. Belper. Derbyshire. DUTCH AND CAPE BXTLBS. ANL ROOZEN &. SON'S CATALOGUE FOR 1886. The above, containing details of our immense Collections of New. Rare, and Fine Bulbs and Plants (84 pages, in English). IS NOW READY, and will as usual be sent post-free on appli- cation to ourselves, or our General Agents for Great Britain. Messrs. MERTENS and CO.. 3, Cross Lane. St Mary-at-Hill, London, E.C. ANT. ROOZEN and SON, OVERVEEN. near HAARLEM, HOLLAND. pUTBUSH'S MILL- V^ TRACK MUSHROOM SPAWN. — Too well known to require description, Pnce 6s. per bushel (is, extia per bushel for package), or 6d. per cake ; free by parcel post, is. None genuine unless in sealed pack- ages and printed cultural directions enclosed, with our signature attached WM. CUTBUSH AND SON (Limited). Nurserymen and Seed Merchants, Highgate Ni Wh7?te arid S'ee^. ■^ L.*f'-; The " Covent Garden Gazette" says:— "That to mcst of our readers the name of H. CANNELL AND SONS is probably as well known as their own. The 'HOME OF FLOWERS' at SWANLEY has lone been noted for the excellence of its productions and the variety and novelty of its introductions in floriculture. When it is understood that the enormous business carried on at Swanley is largely sup- ported by professional florists it will be seen that Messrs. Cannell can fairly claim to take foremost rank in matters floral. Although their productions are rarely shown at exhibitions, whenever they do so they generally gain the highest honours. They really have no need tj exhibit. Their display is on view all the year round, and. thanks to a slandi"^ invite to all, one will at any time, with the exception of Sundays, meet with'a ready welcome from the genial proprietors. In order to aopreciate the advance that is being made in horiculture, a visit thould be paid to the '■ Home of Fbwers.- " SEND FOR A CATALOGUE. H. CANNELL. & SONS, SWANLEY, KENT. IMPOBTANT TO OABDENERS. bentley's weed destroyer. Invaluable for the Destruction of Weeds and Moss on Garden Walks and Carriage Drives. Particulars sent Post-free. BECK CHEMICAL WORKS, BARROW-ON-HUMBER, HULL. The "INVINCIBLE" LAWN MOWER GARDEN ROLLERS. WHEEL BARROWS. Horse-Power Lawn Mowers. side Delivery. 6 m. 710. Sin. 30s. 408. 50s Sole Makers Is the AWABDED the First Prize at each of the 3 Great Contests BIRMINGHAM, MANCHESTER, and LONDON. 150s. 170s. 190s. BEST in the Market VIDE B £ STT L T OONIESTS. Side Delivery. £22 £26 £30 GARDEN REQUISITES. COCOA-NUT FIBRE KEFUSE. ^d. per bushel ; loo for 25^. ; truck (loose, about 2 tons), 40J. : 4-bushel bags, e,d. each. LIGHT BROWN FIBROUS PEAT, 51. U. per sack 5 sacks S5J. ; sacks, ^d. each. BLACK FIBROUS PEAT, 51. per sack, 5 sacks 22!. ; sacks. ^d. each. COARSE SILVER SAND, li. gi per bushel; 15J. per half ton, ids. per ton in 2-bushel bass, 4//. each. YELLOW FIBROUS LOAM, PEAT-MOULD, and LEAF- MOULD, ir pe'. bushel. SPHAGNUM MOSS, Ss. bd. per sack. MANURES, GARDEN STICKS, VIRGIN CORK, TO- BACCO CLOTH. RUSSIA MATS. &c. Write for Price LIST.-H. G. SMYTH. F.R.H S . 21. GoM-uMth's Street, Drury Lane (lately called 17A, Coal Yard), W.C. 12-oz. Sample Packets, free by post, 12 Stamos. FIBROUS PEAT for ORCHIDS, &c.— BROWN FIBROUS PEAT, best quality lor Orchids, Stove Plants, &c. , ^[6 6i. per Truck. BLACK FI B ROU.5 PEAT, for Rhododendrons, Azaleas, Heaths, American Plant Beds, 15J. per ton per Truck. Sample Bag, 51. ; 5 Bajs, 221. bd ; to Bags, 4SJ. Bags included. Fresh SPHAGNUM, los. 6rf. per Bag. SILVER SAND, Coarse or Fine, 52s. per Truck ol 4 Tons!" WALKER AND CO.. Famboroueh Station. Hants. For Perfect Tennis Lawns, Bowling Greens, and CRICKET PITCHES, use BE L L I C I D E, the DAISYand WEED ERADICATOR. Manul..c- tured by HURST AND SON. 152, Houi diditch. London, E. To be obtained (with needful instructions) from all Seedsmen and Florists everywhere. Sample Dredger-canister, ir. perpost. . --. wv... ^.^ww. .^wo. ^yj\fa. AtVJO. ACWO. o&«.» 3JAi\J Xj'i^\J JOHN CROWLEY & CO., Sheffield. it \\s. per bush., 3J. f (sacks luclud GARDEN REQUISITES, m^ Two Prize Mkdals. "^3 Quality, THE BEST In the Market. (All sacks included PEAT, best brown fibrous . . 5i. per sack ; 5 sacks for 2 PEAT, best black fibrous .. ^. 6d. „ 5 sacks (or s PEAT, extra selected Orchid 55. 6d. „ 5 sacks for zsr. LOAM, best yellow fibrous .. % PREPARED COMPOST,best I LEAFMOULD,bestonly .. PEAT MOULD SILVER SAND, coarse, is. 6a. per bush., 141. half ton, 241 ton RAFFIA FIBRE, best only 11. per lb TOBACCO CLOTH, finest imported .. &d.\h. 231b i8j TOBACCO PAPER ,, (Sp^cialitd) 8ias, &c. Excellent results. Best and safest manure I have tried." D.Williams, Gardener to Lord Wimbotne :—" Used for Vines, Strawberries in pots. Peaches, Asparagus, Onions, &c Very good on all kinds tried." A. F. Babbon. Royal Horiicul- lural Society. Chiswick : — " Without doubt a very valuable manure and easy of apolicalion."-Ord.rs to THE NATIVE GUANO CO. (Limited), 29, New Bridge Street, Blackfriars, London, E.C. . where P.Tniphlets ol Testimonials may be obuined. HORTICULTURAL SOILS, MANURES, SUNDRIES, and BERKSHIRE POTTERY. Cata- logue Free per post, of every Horticultural Requisite. BENJAMIN FIELD, F.R.H.S. (Son-in-law and Successor to J. Keunard), Swan Place, Old Kent Road, London, S.E. Established 1854. ROSES AND CHRYSANTHEMUMS. To obtain finest Growth and Flowers, use J E N 8 E N'S Norwegian Fish Potash IVIanure. Apply to all Nurserymen, or to J. JENSEN & CO. (Limited), No. 10, ST. HELEN'S PLACE, E.C. jiii:i:UiMiiiiiiaH,iiiiiMiiii.iiiiiiii;HiijiiiMiMiiiiiiiiUiiMiliiiriii,iiiiyiifiii.Ma^ Sold in Packets, 6d. and Is. each, and in Sealed Bags only, 7 lb. 14 lb. 28 lb. 56 lb. 1 cwt. ^ ^ 7/6" 72/6 20/- CLAY & LEVESLEY, TEMPLE MILL LANE, STRATFORD, LONDON, E. SMITH'S Jf_EED-KILLER. The Original and Only Genuine. Effectually Destroys Weeds. Moss, Dande- lions, &c . on Garden Walks, Carnage Drives, Stable Yards, &c. MARK SMITH, Manufacturing Chemist. LOUTH, LINCOLNSHIRE. G"" ISHURST COMPOUNOyused bykading Gardeners since 1859 against Red Spider, Mildew, Thrips, Gieen Fy, and other Blight, i 10 2 ounces to the gallon of soft water ; 4 to 16 ounces as winter dressing for Vines and Orchard-house Trees : and in lather from the cake against American Blight. Has outlived many preparations intended to supersede it. Boxes, ir., 31., and lor. bd. GISHURSTINE keeps Boots dry and ioft on wet ground. Boxes, td- and u., from the Trade, Wholesale from PRICE'S PATENT CANDLE COMPANY (Limited). London. TOBACCO PAPER and CLOTH.— Best im- poited. td per Iti., 14 lb. 6r. bd. Sp^cialit*? Tobacco Paper, cannot b= suipassed, ^J. per lb, 14 lb. -js. 6J. Tobacco Waler, very strong, 8d per gallon. T. HAMBLY and CO . s, Thomas' Lane, Bristol. SPECIALTY. — TOBACCO PAPER and CLOTH. Wholesale and Retail Trade Price (very low) on application. Sole London Agent for THOMSON S VINE and PLANT MANURE. Trade supplied at Manufacturer's Prices. J. GEORGE, 10, Victoria Road, Putney, S.W. BEST TOBACCO ROLL PAPER and CLOTH, at Lowest Price. I. DENYN, Manufacturer, removed to 77, Downs Road, Clapton, E. GARDEN REQUISITES.— Sticks, Labels, Virgin Cork, Raffia, Mats, Bamboo Canes, Rustic Worle, Manures, &c. Cheapest pnces ol WATSON AND SCULL, 90, Lower Thames St., London, E.C. Protect your Strawberries. TANNED NETTING, i yard wide, id-; 2 yards. i%d. ; 4 yards, jrf. A considerable reduction on quantities of 500 yards and upwards. JAMES T. ANDERSON, 149, Commercial Street, London, t,. NEW SEASON'S ARCHANGEL MATS.— My first parcel has now arrived in good condition and prime quality. Prices on application. JAMES T. ANDERSON, 149, Commercial Street, London, E. T- Addrkis-JATEA, LONDON. XTRA STRONG TANNED NET.— Ripe Fruit, Tennis Court, or Poultry Run, i-inch mesh, 2 yards wide, i^d. per yard ; 4 yards wide, 3d. per yard : or 2 yards wide, icr. per 100 ; 4 yards wide, 2or per 100 yards. New TWINE NETTING, i yard wide, 2d. per yard ; a yards wide, 4^. per yard ; 4 yards wide, Sd. per yaid. COTTON NET, nine meshes 10 square inch, ij^ yard wide, jd. per yard run. W. CULLINGFoRD, Forest Gate. E. TO THE TRADE.— Send for Shaw's LIST -L of TIFFANY NETTING and other SHADING and PROTECTING MATERIALS. No. i TIFFANY. 10 pieces 2j id. cash, 20 pieces, 2J. id. each. 50 pieces 2i. each. 2S yards long by 38 inches wide ; No. 2 TIFFANY, 10 pieces. 2s, 6d. each. 20 pieces. 2r. ^d. each, 50 pieces. 2J. 3d. each, 28 jards long by 38 inches wide. Other sorts as cheap in proportion. JOHN SHAW AND CO., 30 and 31, Oxford Street, Manchester. THOMAS'S GALVANISED WIRE NETTING. Greatly Reduced Prices per Roll of 50 Yards. ?,ft 3 ft. 4 ft. 6 ft. wide. wide. wide. s d J d. s. d. s. d. ?, 9 5 8 7 6 11 3 6 4 8 0 10 8 16 0 6 6 9 9 13 0 19 6 10 0 15 0 20 0 30 0 STEEL BARB BARB WIRE. P-rS) 100 yard Reels .. 7s. Od '^ 260 „ „ M cwt.. 13s. 9d. 630 ,, „ I c«t.. 278. 6d. Special Quotations for large J. J. THOMAS & CO., 87, QUEEN VICTORIA STREET, E.C. : 28s and 362. EDGWARE ROAD, LONDON, 'W. HY. VAN & GO. (The Oldest London Houie in the Trade, Estd. tjSo), 17, Tooley Street, London Bridge, S.E. Illustrated CATALOGUES Post-free. PROTECTION FOE FRUIT AND FLOWERS. GARDEN NETTING, 2 yards wide, ^V^d.. or per lOo yards, lor. : ditto. 4 yards wide. 3d., or per 100 yards, 2or. SCRIM CANVAS, 1 yard wide, 3^. ; jK yard, i%d. ; and 2 yards, td. per yard. TIFFANY, 38 inches wide, in 20 yard pieces, 3r. dd. per piece. SHADING BLINDS made up any size. RICK. CLOTHS. TARPAULINS. Com and Potato SACKS, FLAGS, TENTS, &c., for Sale or Hire. 21-OZ. Foreign of the above sizes, in 100 and 200 feet boxes, 3ds and 4ths qualities, always kept m stock. A large stock of sunilar current sizes ot 16-OZ. glass in 200 feet boxes. Propagating and Cucumber Glasses, and all Miscellaneous Glass Articles, can be obtained from QEOBOE FABMILOE A SONS, GLASS, LEAD, OIL and COLOUR MERCHANTS. 34, St. John's Street, West Smlthfleld, London, E.C. Stock List and Prices on apfilicatian. Quote CkrontcU, NETTING FOR FRUIT TREES, Seed Beds, Bipe Strawberries, Sea. TANNED NETTING for Protecting ihe above from Frost, Blight, Birds, &c. , 2 yards wide, id. per yard, or 100 yards, 151. ; 4 >"« """i 4rf. per yard, or 50 yards, 151. « , , t t j EATON AND DELLEK, 6 »nd 7, Crooked Lane, London Bridge, E.C IHE ABOVE and many other PATTERNS made in materials of great durability. The plainer sorts are specially suited for K I T C H E N GARDENS, as they har- bour no Slugs or Insects, take up Httle room, and, once put down, incur no further labour or expense, as do "grown" Edgings, consequently being much cheaper. GARDEN VASES, FOUNTAINS, &c., in Artificial Stone, very durable and of superior finish, and in great variety of design. F. ROSHER AND CO., Manufacturers, Upper Ground Street, Blackfriars, S.E. ; King's Road, Chelsea, S.W. ; Kingsland Road. E. Agents for LOOKER'S PATENT " ACME " FRAMES, PLANT COVERS, and PROPAGATING BOXES : also for FOXLEY'S PATENT BEADED GARDEN WALL BRICKS. lUuitrated Price LISTS Free by Post. The Trade supplied. ORNAMENTAL PAVING TILES, for Conservatories. Halls, Corridors, Balconies, &c., from 3^. per square yard upwards. Paliem Sheet of Plain or more elaborate Design, wiih Prices, sent for selection. WHITE GLAZKD TILES, for Lining Walls of Dairies, Larders, Kitchen Ranges, Baths. &c. Grooved and other Stable Paving of great durability. Wall Copings, Drain Pipes and Tiles of all kinds. RoofiDg Tiles in great variety, Slates, Cemeut, &c. F. ROSHER AND CO., Brick and Tile Merchants. See Addresses above. SILVER SAND, fine or coarse grain as desired. Price, by post, per Ton or Truckload, on Wharf in London, or delivered direct from Pits to any Railway Station. Samples of Sand free by post. FLINTS and BRICK BURRS for Rockeries or Ferneries. KENT PEATS or LOAM supplied at lowest rates La auy quantities. F. ROSHER AND CO.— Addresses see above. N.B.— Orders promptly executed by Rail or to Wharves. A liberal Discount to the Trade. DOULTON & WATTS, LAMBETH POTTERY, LONDON, S.E. VASES, PEDE3TALS, FOUNTAINS, GARDEN EDQINGS, &e., IMPERISHABLE TERRA COTTA. Tiles for Lining Walls of Conservatories. ART POTTERY, including JARDINIERES Table Decorations, and Vases. Foiintalas, ftc. for the Conservatory, In DOULTON WARE. LAMBETH FAIENCE, AND THE NEW SILICO.V WARE. Show Kooms, Albert Embankment, S.E. BOULTON & PAUL MANUFACTURERS, NORWICH. Garden Engine and Water Barrow combined —This im- piement is fpecially Gardens used for a variety of rur- poses. Cash Prices (carriage paid] — 15 gal. size, £.3 I5». ■"> ,, ,, {.* %s- 25 „ .. . {.<, '5'. Every requisite for the Garden and Pleasure Grounds manufactured New Gen- Catalogue sent free. IRON GARDEN WHEELBARROWS With TUBULAR FRAME and HANDLES. Every Gardener should use the "Easy Tip." No. 14, Japanned, i8j. ; with Galvanised Body, aw. Galvanised all over, a&j. Barrows forwarded, Carriage Paid, to any part of England on receipt of Cheque or Postal Order, payable to BBIEBLEY & SON, BIRUlNaHAK. July 3, 1886.] THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. R. HALLIDAY & CO., HOTHOUSE BUILDERS and HOT-WATER ENGINEERS, ROYAL HORTICULTURAL WORKS, MIDDLETON, MANCHESTER. Vineries, Stoves, Greenhouses, Feach Houses, Forcing Houses. &c., constructed on our improved plan, are the perfection of growing houses, and for practical utility, economy, and durability cannot be equalled. We only do one class of work, and that thh very best. Conservatories and Winter Gardens designed architecturally correct without the assistance of any one out of our firm, from the smallest to the largest. Hot- water Heating Apparatus, with really reliable Boilers, erected, and success guaranteed in all cases. Melon Frames, Sashes, Hotbed Boxes, sc., always in stock. Pl»nSt EitirnaUs and Catalogues /ree. Customers waited on in any Part of the Kingdont. Our Maxim is and always has been — HODBRATE CHARGES. FIRST-CLASS WORK. THE BEST MATERIALS. Greenhouses of every kind Designed, Erected, and Heated, Constructed so as to obtain, with the least obstruction to light and sun, the greatest strength and rigidity, at prices which, owing to unusual facilities, defy competition. Gentlemen will do well to obtain an Estimate foam us, for wMdi no charge Is made, before placing tbelr orders elsewhere. A GOLD MEDAL (lite lughett mnard) Itas this year httn au'ardtd io «! in Dfen compelitum //»■ gtneral txcetitncc m Horticultural Buildings, by the Society of Architects. ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUES FREE. RicMy Illustrated Catalogue, containing over 60 Plates of Winter Gardens, Conservatories, Vineries, Plant Htuses, Forcing Houses, &*c., recently erected by M. fir* Co., fjr 24 stamps. MESSENGER & COMPANY, LOUGHBOEOUG-H. EORTICULTURAL STRUCTUSES of EVERY DESCRIPTION, tn EITHER WOOD or IRON, or BOTH COKBINED. WOODEN CHAPELS. SHOOTING LODGES, COTTAGES, TENNIS COURTS, VERANDAHS, isc. o w O JO HOT-WATEB AFFABATUS for WARMING CHITRCHES, SCHOOLS, PUBLIC BUILDINGS, MANSIONS, HARNESS ROOUS, DRTING ROOMS. HOTHOUSES, and BUILDINGS of EVERT DESCRIPTION. COTTAGER'S CALENDAR OF GARDEN OPERATIONS, Price 3d., Post Free 3|d. __ Cucumber Frames T> HALLIDAY and CO. desire to J~*J» draw special attention to their Cucumber Frames, of which they always have a large stock, ready glazed and painted They are made of the best materials, and can be put together and taken apart in a few minutes by any c Prices, delivered t . . _ . . i-light frame, 8 feet by 6 feet ) n i - ( 3 lo o i^htframeli.feetbyefeetLP^^^^^^^^^^^ \ 5 o 6-Iightframe. 24feetby 6feeti'-^^'=^_ "*( 10 o o The glass is nailed and puttied in. Lights and franuog for brick pits at proportionately low prices. R. HALLIDAY AND CO., Hothouse Builders and Engineers, Royal Horticultural Works. Middleton, Manchester. BOTJLTON & PAUL, NORWICH. No. 76.— Melon or Cucumber Frames. Cash Prices— Carriage Paid. Price. Packing Case. 8 feet long .. 6 feet Vide .. ,^3 50 .. 4J. (■ Allowed in i» feet long ,. 6 feet wide .. 4 12 6 .. 5^. ^ full if retd. 16 feet long .. 6 feet wide .. 6 o o .. 5/6 ( car. paid. These Frames are 13 inches deep in front, and 24 inches deep at the back ; the lights are 2 inches thick, with a strong iron suengthening rod. and one handle to each light. All painted four coats of best oil colour, the lights being glazed with best 21-OZ. English glass. Orders amounting lo 401. carriage paid to most Railway Stations in England and Wales. BOILERS and HOT- WATER APPARATUS for Heating all kinds of Buildings. Send for complete CATALOGUE, free on application. W. H. LASCELLES & CO., HORTICULTURAL BUILDERS, 121, BUNHILL ROW, LONDON E.C Wr :aiCHARDS, 41, WELLINGTON STREET, STRAND, LONDON, W.C. W. H. LASCELLES and CO. w,ll give Estimates for every desciiption of" HORTICULTURAL WORK, (tee of charge, and send competent assistants when necessary, LASCELLES' NEW ROCKWORK material m various colours. Samples can be seen and prices obtained at 121, Bunhill Row, and 35, Poultry, Cheapside, E.C. Illustrated Lists of Wooden Buildings, Greenhouses, and >, and Concrete Slabs for Walls, Paths, and Stages, application. RICHARDSON'S HORTICULTURAL BUILDINGS Fixed in any part of the Kingdom with Hot-water Silver Medai^^-4 /i^>\ Apparatus complete. 7^i^!\^ CATALOGUE free. DARLINGTON THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. [July 3, 1886. T O O P E ' S PATENT HOT-WATER HEATER ( The Little Vixen), FOR G&BCEN FRAMES, &o. Can be heated whh Gas or Oil. Is unaffected by any weather. Can li; fixed in a few minutes. SAFE, SWEET. CERTAIN. POUTAHI.K AND CHEAP. nd 16 feet of ij^ iti pipe, complete, price 3 T O O P E'S PATENT PERFECT PROPAGATOR Can be heated with Gas or Oil. Is the MOST SIMPLE, EFFICIENT, and ECONOMICAL yet invented for raising P.ants. Slips, CuttiiiRS, &r , by hot water. Size 2 feet 6 inches, and i foot 10 inches, cotnplete, 301, T O O P B ' S CHAMPION HOT-WATER HEATER, For GREENHOUSES, VINERIES, CONSERVATORIES, &c. Will burn Gas or Oil. SWEET, SAFE, CERTAIN, and CHEAP. -O- No. 1 Heater and 18 (eet of 3-inch pipe, 30J. Send for Circular to CHS. TOOPE & CO., HOT-WATER ENGINEERS. OFFICE and SHOWROOMS, 1, Stepney Square, Stepney Green, LONDON, E. THE GARDENERS' ROYAL BENEVOLENT INSTITUTION, Fourth List of Subacriptione received by N. N. SHERWOOD, Esq. :— ALI.EN, GEO ASCOUGH, M. , BALE. SAMUEL BLAIN FILS. AINE BLUMENAU and SCHURGAST.. BOLTON. J NO., Esq BROWN. WM BUNYAKD, GEO BUTCHER. CHAS., E-q CORRY, SOPER, FOWLER & CO. CRICK ION. A. B.. Jun DAVIES. JNO DAVIS, G. ACTON, Esq ELLIOTT. GEO. E FAGG, GEO GLASSPOOL, H HAMLIN, J., AND CO. HUTCHINSON, N. G. E. C. KEIRLE, ROBERT. Etq. .. ■ LIEFMANN. R. JOHN MARGETSON. A MARSH, J. AND B.. '^ -it MAYER. M. .. ■■■ J-.— MERRIS, WM McRONALD, JAS MOORE. JOSEPH MORRISON. JNO., NELSON, WM. PRASCHKAUER , PERCIVAL, C. J. PERKINS, J. E. Esq igstoD'Oa-Thames .. -J^rankfort Hat borne, Birmingham Chichester Melbourne Lodge, Queen's Rd., Ealing Bushmead Priory, bt. Neoi's .. NectoD, Swaffham Savage Gardens . . . . POLLEY, JOS.,&SON ROGERS. A. Esq. ROBINSON, GEO. T... SLATER. J. & SONS .. SCOTT, ROBf TEMPLE, WM. THOMSON. T. B TINGLE, JACOBS, & CO. .. TOWNSEND AND SPEARING TYRRELL. CAPT. GEO. VAN VELSEN. F. Jr. .. VAN WAVEREN & CO. VERNHAM, J,, Esq. .. WILCOX. J. WILDSMITH. WM. WILLIAMS, WM. WILLIAMS, E. .. Tlu jindetincniioned have been received per Mesirs. f-isher^ Son & Stbray ABBOTT, DAVID ATKINSON, W. . .. .. ... BEEVOR, JAS BROOK. Miss DUNCAN, J FENNELL, J FISHER, SON AND SIBRAV FISHER, Mrs. CHARLES GREAVES. JNO GRUMMITT, JNO HANSON, A PALMER, JNO .. PRIOR, HENRY SMEDLEY PORTER, EDWARD, Esq. STAPLES. G., Mr. .. SIBRAY, HENRY, Esq. Amount previously acknowledged Total Ransberv Manor Gardei Crtsshills, via Leeds Barnstaple St. Remy .. Hamburg Weed Green Stamford . . Maidstone Old Jewry Finibuiy Street .. Hurst & Son Natberth .. 8, Leadenhall Street Huddersfietd East Street, Southampton Wood Green Crookham Manor, Newbury Street, Somerset , . . . Of J. Perkins & Son, Northamptoi Kelvedon Battersea Park Christchurch Passage. Newgate Street Nurserymen, Malton, Vorks .. The Gardens, Moorfield, Manningham, Bradford The Gardens, Bearleyon-the-Hill, Oakham BirmiDgham .. .. .. .. Billiter Street loi, Leadenhall Street, E.C Fordhook, Ealing, W Overveen, Haarlem Killegom, Haailem Streatham Hill Edgbaston Heckfield Gardens, Winchfield. Tenbury " ,', The Gardens, Hadnet Hall, ti Drayton . . . . . . Park Lane, Doncaster . . Retford Sandbeck, near Rotherham . , Healey House. Meltham Sutton Scarsdale. Chesterfield Hutton Farm, Guisborough . . ShefSeld Batterley, Alfreton ; Priory Bank, SheffieU . . Coaesthorpe,.MallQn. *, ... .*. The Gardens, WinVfield * " Hal'll Alfreton King Street. Sheflield Glasswell Hall Gardens, Chesterfield Fisher, Son & Sibray, Sheffield Do. per Mr. R. Dean. Ditto. Annual. Ditto, pet Mr. J. T. Donatioi Ditto. Ditto. Annual. Donation. AnnuaL Donation. Ditto. Ditto. Ditto. Life ditto. Ditto, a offering. Donation. Ditte. Ditto. Ditto. Ai^nual. Ditto. Donation, lif Do.," In TO ORCHID GROV/ERS, &c. MR. CHAS. PATIN, OF ANTIOQUIA, U.S. COLOMBIA, Who has been resident there for the last 13 years, and is now on a visit to Europe, is now Booking Orders for COLOMBIAN ORCHIDS tor next spring delivery. About So species can be supplied. Price LIST and full particulars will be furnished upon application to Mr. CHAS. PATIN, Basecles, Hainaut, Belgium, up to August 25, after which date please address all Comtnunications to ANTIOQUIA, ir.S. COLOMBIA. LINDLEY'S MEDICAL AND CECONOMICAL BOTANY. With numerous iiiustra- tions. 8vo, cloth, price 5^. LINDLEY'S DESCRIPTIVE BOTANY. For Self-instruction and the Use of Schools. Price IS. sewed. London : BRADBURY, AQNBW, & CO., Bouverie Street, E.C. July 3, 1886.] THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. IMPORTANT TO GARDENERS. FRANCIS & CO. SUPPLY:- I.— Garden Syringes of all kinds. 2.— Indiarubber Delivery and Suction Hose. 3.— Galvanised Wire Neit.ng. 4. — Indiarubber Door and Carriage Mais. 5 — Julta-percha Goods. 6. — Superior Waterproof Garmeals- 7. — Barometers. Thermometers^ and Rain Gauges. 8,— Prepared Chloride of Ammonia for destroymg Inse Q — Teleeraph Instruments. 10 — Insulated and Galvanised Iron Wires. II. — Medical and other Batteries. 12. — 'Lightning Conductors. 13.— Electric House BeiU. 14 —Fire and Burelar Alarms. 15, — Speaking Tubes. 16, — Adjustable Electric Thermometers. 17. — Disinfecting Fluids, Special. 18. — Francis & Co.'s Insect Destroyer. 19. — Garden Tools of every description. 2o. — Quotations for every requisite. ADJUSTABLE ELECTRIC THERMOMETERS For GREENHOUSES, VINERIES, CONSERVATORIES, FORCING PITS, INCUBATORS, and for FIRE. TESTIMONIALS. " Your Thermometers are now in all the Sheds, and to you are we indebted for uniformly itronj( and healthy Plants." " I ast night your Electric Tell-tale saved what is probably the finest house of Vines in the Kingdom." " Your P.leclric TJunnomtter is a mighty good thing, and no Wine Grower should be without them. Timely notice of approaching frost means the saving of perhaps a whole crop." ADJUSTABLE ELECTRIC THERMOMETER Is so applied, that when the temperature either rises above or falls below the degree at which it may be set, a bell is sounded or other signal given at however great a distance. Any number of Thermometers may be employed with the same Bell, so that every point can be under thorough protection at COMPARATIVELY TRIFLING EXPENSE. FRANCIS AND CO.'S Thermometers are largely employed by Wine Growers in the open as well as under Glass, and are most valuable for Conservatories. Green- houses, Forcing Pits, Hospital Wards, and in the process of Incubation. Used throughout the Ostrich Farms of South Africa. ADJUSTABLE ELECTRIC THERMOMETERS Also form the most perfect PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE, the ever ready Alarm signalling the very first outbreak instantly. Readily applied. Fitted wltU ease and certainty. PRICES. Large Bell, Wire. Push, and Battery, com- £ s. d. plete for any communication ..160 Ordinary Thermometers, from-each ..010 Registering , 0 16 Insulated Wire, Galvanised Wireandlnsulatorsas desired. B^Us, Batteries, Thermometers, &c. , separate if required. ALSO ELECTRIC FIRE ALARMS, and ELECTRIC HOUSE BELLS, As supplied to the Government Offices and Railway Companies. ALl. GOODS GUARANTEED. The ^3 set delivered, carriage paid, at nearest Railway Station. FRANCIS & CO., Telegraph Engineers and Government Contractors, EAGLE TELEGRAPH WORKS, HATTON GARDEN LONDON, E.G. SEND for CATALOGUE. OECHID EXHIBITIOI. One of the most beautiful sights in London. 0 RCHIDS.— Mr. William Bull's ORCHID EXHIBITION. The Private View lo Patrons of the Establisliraent is held every TUESDAY, THURSDAY, and SATURDAY, lo to 5 o'clock, ihmuRhout JULY. Establishment for New and Rare Plants, 536, King's Road, Chelsea, London, S.W. o RCHIDS.— Mr. William Bull's Exhi- bition IS OPEN to the Public eveiy MONDAY, WEDNESDAY, and FRIDAY, 10 to 5 o'clock, throughout JULY. Admission, each day, ss. 6rf. ORCHIDS. — A vision of loveliness unpa- ralleled in Europe. QRCH IDS.— "Must be seen to be realised." ORCHIDS. — "A scene of the greatest Orchidic beauty, bifiling descriotion, and, we had almost said, defying exaggeration."— Car^^^^f-rj' Chronicle. o RCHIDS. — Specimens in Flower from Brazil, Colombia. Mexico, Ecuador, Madagascar, Assam, P=ru, Cosu Rica, Venezuela, West Indies, Burmah. Borneo, and various other pans of the Eastern Archipe- lago- RCHIDS.— Private View to Patrons of the Establishment every Tuesday. Thursday, and Saturday, 10 to 5 o'clock, throughout JULY. RCHIDS. — Public Exhibition every Mon- day, Wednesday, and Friday. lo to 5 o'Clock, throughout JULY. Admission, each day. is. 6d. RCHIDS. — The Exhibition is worth going any distance to see at Mr. WiLLi/iM Bull's Establish- ment for New and Rare Plants, 536, King's Road, Chelsea, London, S W. N^oza Ready, reichenbachia: ORCHIDS ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIBED. By F. SANDER, St. Alban's. This Work is issued in Monthly Parts, each containing four beauti- fully Coloured Plates by eminent Floral Artists. The History and Culture of each Plant is given in English, French, and German. The Latin Descrip- tions and Leaders, &c., by Professor Reichenbach. Price ofeach Number to Subscribers, 7s. 6d. per Month, Si::e of Plates, 21 inches by 15 inches. Sample Csples post-free on application, to be re- turned in case of non-subscription to F. SANDER, 8T. ALBAN'S. darda^rs' djtonitk. SATURDAY, JULY EA'TON HALL. THIS, the principal seat of the Duke of Westminster, is four miles from Chester. Horticulturists from the south, the eastern, or western parts of Englanti, who attend the Liverpool Show, could easily visit Eaton by breaking their journey at Chester, and in so doing would have an opportunity of seeing, not only one of the best appointed and well kept gardens in the kingdom, but also the finest private residence of modern date in Europe. Our illustration (see supplementary sheet) gives an idea of the magnificent character of the building, but the full extent is not shown, the photograph from which it was taken not in- cluding the whole. It is of polished stone, and as substantial in its construction as it is im- posing in its appearance. The surroundings are in keeping with the mansion, the pleasure-grounds are extensive, and kept in excellent order. The extent of glass erections devoted to the cultivation of plants, flowers, and fruit, is on a scale similar to the rest of the establishment. Most of the houses are of comparatively recent construction ; they combine the essentials of being well adapted for the cultivation of the different things grown in them, and of enduring for a long time, stone or some other iinperish- able material being used wherever it could be introduced. The principal block of plant-houses is connected with a corridor, 400 feet long and iS feet high. This long vista, with the back wall densely covered with plants, and the roof gracefully festooned with climbers, combined with the lines of flowering subjects temporarily brought in to keep it gay, presents a floral picture unique in its way. Callas, scarlet Pelar- goniums and Schizanthus, large and profusely flowered, were the principal occupants a few weeks back, and produced an effect not to be easily forgotten. Each of the large houses attached to, and standing at right angles with this glass-covered way, has some particular kind of plant or plants that forms the leading feature in it. In one of these houses are Roses covering the entire roof, with others loosely en- circling the pillars ; Camellias occupying the body of the house. Another was filled with specimen Azaleas, finely in flower. Two others are mostly occupied by Eucharis amazonica, in the ctfltivation of which Mr. Sel- wood has been so successful, and latterly so un- fortunate, for the dreaded mite has nearly de- stroyed the whole stock ; but a fresh start has been made, and a house is full of new plants which look promising. One of these houses is filled v/ith a mixed collection of stove plants. Another is the Lily-house, with its roomy central tank always containing a number of plants alike beautiful and interesting. One of these spans is filled with Dracaenas, and other plants of like character, and the roof covered with Stephanotis laden with flowers. In the Camellia-house the plants are planted out in a centre bed, on one side of which there is a row of seedling Luculia gratissima not two years 8 THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. [July 3, 1886. old, yet most of them are 5 feet high. They are well furnished, and all flowered last autumn ; some of them showed a trace of L. Pinceana in their flowers. To.xicophhea Thunbergii is a favourite here ; a considerable space of back wall in one of the houses of a long lean-to range being devoted to it. Dipladenia boliviensis is also grown largely. The double form of Tabern.xmontana is another white flower grown in quantity ; some of the plants are 7 feet high. Of another house Gar- denias are the principal occupants, with quanti- ties of Clerodendron Balfourii. Orchids occupy two of the four houses in which Pines, now done away with, used to be grown. These houses are very light, and with the plants as they are, well up to the glass, there is little doubt of their growing well. Another house is devoted to Cattleyas, La;lias, and others requiring an intermediate temperature. Odontoglossums, and other cool kinds, having a house to themselves. Fruit, as might be supposed, is grown in large quantities, and on the whole is well done. Vines occupy ten or twelve houses ; the first Grapes this season were cut on April S. In the second" vinery Black Hamburghs were nearly ripe the second week in May ; Madresfield Court were about three weeks later. Other houses to follow with Muscats, and the late crops for winter, were of very promising appearance. Five houses are filled with Peaches ; the earliest being forced to come in at the beginning of May, others to keep up a succession. The trees are in good condition, and are carrying good crops. Figs occupy a considerable space — fine trees, bearing abundantly. A large tree of Negro Largo that has been often moved was carrying a grand crop of wonderfully fine fruit. One of the most remarkable of the houses of indoor fruits is a large house of Plums ; the trees are big, and in beautiful condition, occu- pying the back wall, and a trellis along the front. The principal sorts are Green Gage, Transparent Gage, and Coe's Golden Drop, thickly and evenly set, so that thousands will have to be thinned out. Strawberries in vast quantities are forced — Keens' Seedling and Sir Harry are the only sorts grown. An unusually fine crop of Melons occupied one of the houses ; some were ripe, with great numbers coming on. The various houses devoted to fruit are situated in what used to be the kitchen garden, but which is now principally occupied by hardy fruits, which are very well grown. In addition to the walls, on which are the usual kinds of trees. Pears and Apples, in the shape of bushes and pyramids, are present in quantity, and in very good condition. Mr Selwood has in this garden a number of very useful movable span-shaped frames, about 2^ feet high, and as wide at the bottom as will admit of their being placed over rows of early Peas, Potatos, French Beans, or Christmas Roses (which latter are grown in large quantities), and for covering which they are used at the end of the year, coming in for the other things named in succession, as also for Strawberries to fill up the time between the latest forced and the first from the open ground. At the middle of May a quartet of this fruit was nice and snug beneath them. They are open at the ends, so that they butt together in continuous lines, and in this way admit sufficient air to whatever is under them. CrrRON Culture in Corsica. — The Citron seems to be the most important article of trade in Corsica. It is stated to have much improved of late, after some years of stagnation. The 1SS5 crop was very large. About one-fnurth of the annual produce is usually exported to England in brine, to be there manufactured into candied citron. The re- mainder formerly went to Leghorn, to be manufac- tured for Holland and America, but two large pre- serving factories are now at work at Bastia, and the whole of this important manufacture will probably be carried on in the island in future. GUNNERA MANICATA.* A FEW days ago the new curator sent in a speci- men of a huge Gunnera to the herbarium to ask if it was the true manicata, and I was astonished to find that not only had we no specimen of the plant in the herbarium, but that, although it has been before the world twenty years, that it has never been described. Upon reporting the state of the case to Mr. Nicholson he immediately applied to Sir George Macleay, and procured from his gardener, Mr. Ross, a fine speci- men in lull flower, from which the annexed description and diagnosis has been made, and which is now in process of being dried for our herbarium. G, manicata was discovered about 1S65 in Southern Brazil, by the unfortunate traveller Libon. The locality is described as marshes at the foot of the first ramparts of the Serra do Mir, at a iihce called Campos de Lages. It does not seem to have been found by any one else, and Professor Kinitz, who recently monographed the order Haloragace^ for the grand Flora Brasiliensis, edited by Martius and Eichler, had never seen a specimen, and merely men- tions it by name. No other Gunnera has been found anywhere on Brazilian territory. It is quite distinct specifically from the Chilian and li »livian Gunnera chilensis of Lamarck, which is almost always known in gardens by its later name, G. scabra, of Ruiz and Pavon. This is rather less robust than manicata, with fewer narrower scale-leaves at the base of the peduncle, leaves different in shape and texture, thicker, with the basal lobes much shorter and incurved ; flower-spikes very much shorter and stitTer, individual flowers much smaller, and, if our live Kew plant represent it properly, with much shorter styles and stamens deciduous in an early stage of the flower, instead of remaining till the styles are fully deve- loped. Very likely the flowers are polygamous, and in some of them no stamens are developed. The following description of G. manicata is drawn up entirely from Sir G. Macleay's specimen : — Rootstock very thick, decumbent. Scale haves very abundantly produced round the base of the peduncle, equalling it in length, lanceolate, lacerated, at first pale pink and membranous, finally becoming brown and scariose. Proper leaves with a green terete petiole, 3 feet long, 2 inches thick, copiously armed with sprearling prickles ; blade cordate- orbicular, 4 feet in diameter (Libon says the leaf attains 5 metres in circumference), with a basal sinus 15 — 18 inches deep, and two imbricated round basal lobes, paler green than in scabra, quite glabrous on both surfaces, not nearly so stiff in texture, and not so scabrous, palmately lobed to a depth of half a foot ; lobes irregularly toothed ; petiole attached at the base of the sinus ; primary ribs five, muri- cated on the underside of the leaf, the two outer forked a short space above the base, the three central ones below the middle, the former running out into three lobes apiece, the latter into two lobes apiece, so that the total number of lobes is twelve. Peduncle stout, muricaled, half a foot long. Panicle narrow ovoid, about 2 feet long and a foot in diameter, formed of^innumerable ascend- ing flaccid cylindrical spikes half a foot long, with a green lanceolate bract \\—2. inches long at the base of each ; axis of the spikes \ inch diameter ; flowers laxly disposed, apetalous, hermaphrodite ; ovary green, globose, ^V inch in diameter ; calyx-teeth two, minute, deltoid-cuspidate, placed alternately with the stamens ; styles two, divaricate, cylindrical, as long as the ovary, joined only at the very base, hairy all the way down ; stamens two, as long as the styles, with a stout green cylindrical fi'ament as long as the subglobose reddish brown anther; pollen yellow. " Cuintern manicata, Hort. Lin-'en, Belg. Hurt., 1867, p. 104 (n.nme only) ; A. DC. in DC. Prod., vol. xvi., pi. 2, p. 600 (name only ; Kanitz. in Fl. Bras., vol. jiiii., pt. 2, p, 382 (name only); Rodigas. milt. Hort., i88i. p. 128, tab. DXxxi. (coloured figure, showing general habit, without description). — Herbacea maxima, caudice brevi, petiolis crassis elong.itis terelibus muricaiis, foliis corda'o orbicularibus palmatil^dis flaccidis elabris lobis basalibus magnis imbncatis, pedjnculis semipedalibus crassis muricatis foTiis rudimentarils copiosis scariosis rubelUs cinctis, floribiis parvis herniaphruditis in paniculam bipedalem ramis spicatis laxiflorls flaccidis bracteatis semipedalibus dispositis, ovario ploboso, dentibus calycinis minutis deltoideo-cuspidatis, petalis abortivis, st)Iis ovario ajquilongis, sta-ninibus crecto-patentibus ovario iequilongis As the description of G. chilensis in the Prodromus is evidently drawn up from herbarium specimens I will give a short one made from the living plant, to compare with the above. The date of publica- tion of Lamarck's name, Gunnera chilensis, is 1789 ; of Ruiz and Pavon 's name Gunnera scabra is 1797 ; and they evidently mean the same species. Caudex erect, about a span long ; scale leaves fewer and not so brightly coloured as in manicata ; petiole terete, 3 feet long, \\ inch thick, copiously muri- caled ; bladecordate-orbicular, 3 feet in diameter, dark green, very rugose, quite glabrous, much firmer in texture than in manicata, with a broad open basal sinus, and short rounded basal lobes incurved like those of Viola cucullata ; peduncle terete, muricated, \ a foot long, above an inch thick j panicle oblong- cylindrical, 15 — 18 inches long, 3—4 inches in dia- meter ; spikes erecto-patent, stiff, cylindrical, I — Ij inch long, \ inch in diameter, with a linear bract at the base ; flowers densely disposed, reddish-brown, just like those of manicata in structure, but much smaller, with the anther either not developed or falling in an early stage. Our wild specimens of G. chilensis in the Kew herbarium are as follows : — I. Juan Fernandez, Douglas ; 2, Cbiloe, Captain King ; 3, neat the city of Baldivia, Lechler, 222 ; 4, Lake of Quintero, Valparaiso, Bridges, 216 ; 5, Andes of Bolivia, at an altitude of 3000 — 3200 metres, Manden, S98. Andre states that in Guernsey the leaves teach a diameter of 2 — 2\ metres. Of allied species described in the Prodromus, G. commutata, Blume, is known very imperfectly and not localised ; G. insignis, A. DC, was discovered by Oersted in Costa Rica ; G. bracteata, Bennett, from Juan Fernandez has usually a little petal developed ; and G. pellata, Philippi, from Juan Fernandez, has peltate leaves. G. bracteata is figured by Hems- ley in the Botany of the Voyage of ihe " Challenger," t. 84. Besides these there have been since been published G. glabra, Philippi, from Juan Fernandez; G. brephagea, Andre, in ///. Hort., n.s. , t. Ill, from New Granada, with peltate leaves ; and G. umbra- culifera, Linden, Cat., 1875. If any of these are alive in English gardens it is desirable that descrip- tions made from the living plant should be placed on record, J. G. Baker. ABIES PINSAPO. In a previous number (October 10, 1855) we gave an illustration of a single cone and a branch of this distinct and handsome Silver Fir. To make Ihe illustration more complete, we now add a sketch showing the arrangement and form of the male cat- kins (fig. I). It will be seen that they are placed in Ihe axils of Ihe leaves on all sides of the branch (owing to the way in which the leaves spread on all sides). Each catkin is about half an inch in length, oblong obtuse The anthers are Pear-shaped, rich violet colour, and the connective is prolonged at the back into a short, abrupt point, not shown in the drawing. The pollen grains are provided with two air-sacs. In our previous note we alluded to some peculiarities in the growth of the tree, and, among other things, to the circum- stance that the terminal bud of the shoots usually expands first in spring (as in many other Firs). This, however, is not constant, for in some shoots pushing out of season in the autumn of last yeat some, but not all, of the latetal buds wete mote advanced than the terminal one. fllamentis s antheris subglob.sis a:quiIoDgi$. THE COLONIAL EXHIBITION. No. V. Cyprus. — The exhibits from this recent addition to the British possessions are not numerous, but they are nevertheless of very great interest, particularly from an antiquarian point of view. There are, how- ever, comparatively few vegetable products, and these include sections of the principal timber trees, and col- lections of fruits and seeds, none of which call for any remark except, perhaps, some fine pods of the Catob bean, St. John's Bread or Locust (Ceratonia siliqua), and a sample of a coarse kind of molasses or honey, extracted from them. These dark brown or blackish beans are well known in most town, and are usually to be seen in small shops in poor neighbourhoods, being sold to children who eat them for the sake of the sugar they contain. About 30,000 tons of these JOLY 3, 1886.1 THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. 9 beans are annually shipped from Cyprus, the average price being about £1 per ton. They are principally used for making the patent cattle foods now so much advertised. At one time Locust pods had a reputa- tion for clearing the voice, and were used for that purpose by singers. An object of especial attention from Cyprus is the native cart, such as has been in use for over 2000 years, and is still used in the island. Its construction is of the roughest character, the wood being simply hewn with an axe, and the whole put together without the use of a nail, Canada. Next to the Indian collection the Canadian exhibits occupy the greatest space. The agricullural trophies, consisting of cereals in the upper portion, and a splendid collection of fruits such as Apples, Pears, Cherries, Raspberries, preserved in 6uid with all their rosy tints, and some very large and very bright red Cranberries in the lower portion, attract, of course, much attention. These fruits are so interest- ing as to demand special notice, and may therefore other 18 feet 8 inches ; each trunk is about 14 or 15 feet high, they are said to weigh 5 tons each, and are the largest logs in the whole exhibition ; they are certainly most noble specimens A piece of each is cut out in front, and polished to show the grain, which is even, of a beautiful deep red colour, easily worked, and takes a good polish ; the wood is very generally used by cabinet-makers in Queensland and New South Wales, as well as in India and Burma, where the tree also grows. The trunks in question were grown on the Blackall Range in the Moreton district. Woods are particularly well shown in the Queensland court ; the collection is very complete ; they are all carefully selected and are well cut, polished, and labelled, and amongst them are some of more than usual interest, especially amongst the Liliacese, Palms, and Filices, such, for instance, as Dracaena angustifolia, Ptychospermia Normanbyi, Licuala Muelleri, Dicksonia Youngii, &c. These, of course, are more of scientific than commercial interest ; but there are a very large number that should attract the attention of the Fig. I.— ABIES PINSAPO : MALE FLOWERS. (SEE P. 8.) be passed over in this general sketch. Woods also are very prominent in this court, as might be ex- pected. A very good collection is shown beneath this trophy, and the trees are illustrated by a series of excellent photographs. In the centre of the court are some fine slabs of Columbian Pine. The very fine series of woods from New Brunswick are especially attractive, each wood being shown in various stages of bark in old and young wood, longitudinal and trans- verse sections, and on the chief panel of each wood is a painting of a branch in Sower or fruit. Between the panels of each kind are small pilasters of branches with the bark on of the same tree. Some finely selected woods form this group, and among them are American Larch, Spruce, Hemlock, Maple, Beetle- nut, Ash, Birch, Oak, Beech, &c. Articles in Birch bark are numerous, and on the south-west basin is a real Birch bark canoe. Queensland. This court is contiguous to Canada, and the first things that strike us on entering it are two magnificent trunks of Australian Cedar (Cedrela toona) ; one of these measures 20 feet 5 inches in girth, and the cabinet maker. An excellent descriptive catalogue of these woods has been prepared by Mr. F. N, Bailey, F.L.S. (Colonial Botanist), which consists of eighty-six pages, aud treats of 427 woods arranged under their natural orders and genera. New South Wales. Though the collection from this colony is very extensive, and there are some fine sections of timber, the vegetable products on the whole are not striking, nevertheless there are some interesting exhibits, for instance, a large quantity of a woolly substance like fur is labelled " Pulse from base of stalks of Macro- zamia spiralis," a new product, it would seem, from a Cycadeous plant, used, we suppose, lor stuffing cushions. A curious and interesting ethnological col- lection is shown from New Guinea, amongst them several singular wooden drums ornamented with festoons of the hard seed shells of Pangium edule, which are probably used for the rattling sound they would give when shaken, as well as lor their ornamentation. One case is filled with the celebrated Cabbage tree hats made from the split and plaited leaves of Livistona australis. They are labelled as being made of "grass grown and plaited by natives ;" the price of a single hat varies from 1 5 J, to 20 guineas. Western Australia. The most remarkable exhibits in this court are the marvellously fine specimens and blocks of Jarrah wood (Eucalyptus marginata). A portion of one enormous trunk lies on its side, the cross section of the base of which is highly polished, showing to great advantage the beautiful deep red colour of the wood. A magnificent specimen of curly Jarrah, which has dark, wavy, transverse markings is also shown. It is called a counter top — much too beau- tiful, however, for such a use — and measures prob- ably 14 or 15 feet long long, by some 2 feet or 2 feet 6 inches wide. The woods shown in this court, like those from Queensland, are exceptionally well pre- pared and polished. Jarrah wood is well known to be the most desirable of all woods for moist or damp situations, indeed it may be said for any situation, as it bears not only changes of temperature without injury, but it also resists the attacks of Teredo, white ant, orany similar destructive agency. As proof of its dura- bility a specimen is shown that has been lying on the beach at Bunbury for a period of thirty-six years, where it has experienced the action of the waves, sun, wind, and sand without any apparent injury. Several other interesting woods are to be seen in thii court, and one notable object is a Black Boy trunk (Xanthorrhsea) 20 feet high— a remarkable specimen, beside which is a fine specimen of Kingia australii in flower. Victoria. Here, as in the other Australian courts, the pro- ducts of the genus Eucalyptus are very prominent. Mr. Joseph Bosisto, the President of the Victorian Commission, who has been so long and so well known for his work in the development of the oils and resins of the Eucalypti, is a prominent exhibitor of these products, amongst which are essential oils of Euca- lyptus amygdalina, E. globulus, E. oleosa, E. dumosa, E. citriodora, E. obliqua, &c. These oils have antiseptic and disinfectant properties, and that of E. globulus is tonic and stimulant. Here also are cigarettes of the leaves of Eucalyptus globulus, recom- mended for bronchial and asthmatic affections ; Euca- lyptus disinfectant pastiles, the fumes of which are said to be of great service in diseases of the respiratory organs, and to have the effect of driving mosquitos out of the room. The resin of the Black Boy or Grass-tree of Australia (Xanthorrhcea australis) is also shown. It is soluble in spirit, producing a deep amber colour, employed in staining wood to imitate Cedar and Oak. It is stated that in Mr. Bosisto's factory in Western Gippsland 12,000 lb. of Eucalyptus oil are annually produced, and as many as six tons of Eucalyptus leaves are manipulated daily. There is a remarkably good collection of Victorian woods, each specimen having a representation of the plant yielding it painted upon it : a slab of Eucalyptus rostrata mea- sures some 10 feet by 3 feet. An excellent catalogue of Victorian exhibits is published by authority, in which are many useful notes on the woods and other vegetable products. South Australia, This court will best be remembered for its scene on the Murray River, illustrating aboriginals at home. A very good collection of Australian fruits, of forest trees and shrubs, are shown in table-cases, and a re- presentative series of South Australian woods well selected and arranged in convenient-sized panels. As an illustration of the growth of the Cork Oak (Quercus suber) in the colony, a specimen of cork is exhibited, grown at Mount Lofty, near Adelaide, at an elevation of 2300 feet. The trees were raised from acorns obtained from Spain in 1884, and that from which the exhibited specimen of cork was taken was in January of the present year 20 feet high. Tobacco also seems to have made some advance in the colony. An Adelaide firm exhibits manufactured Tobaccos, and the note referring to them in the South Australian catalogue is as follows: — "This firm commenced the manufacture of Tobacco in Adelaide about nine years ago, and now have a factory replete with the best and most modern machinery, which is driven by a 2ohorse power engine, and the presses are worked by hydraulic pumps. About sixty persons are employed in making twist, plug, nail-rod, and other kinds and grades of Tobacco. Carpenters' and lO THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE [July 3, 1SS6. blacksmilhs' shops are attached to the factory, so that very little work has to be sent outside," Rustic Work. Messrs. Dick Radclyfte & Co., of High Hol- born, exhibit largely at South Kensington this year. Specimens of their handiwork, arranged in a very realistic manner, may be seen in what is called the encampment at the Victoria court (the proper term or native name for which is mla mia). This encampment is an exact representation of those made by the natives when the white men first arrived in Victoria. The huts— if they can be so called— were of the most primitive description, being simply made of a few sheets of bark. They always faced the east, so as to catch the first rays of the morning sun. Some of the natives had a good idea of drawing, and they used to scratch figures of the emu or kangaroo on the smoked bark, or figures of themselves en- gaged in the "corroboiee " (their native dance) or fighting. Their weapons consisted of spears, shields, boome- rangs, and waddies, or clubs of different shapes, and stone tomahawks. The women were clever at making nets for fishing, baskets, maps, &c. This cimp has been erected as it is thought it will prove of interest to many who have never seen any- thing of the kind before, for it is hard to imagine ihit less than fifty years ago the only dwellings which existed on the site of the great city of Melbourne were similar to these, and the only sounds which broke the stillness were the howl of the wild dog, the shouts of the wild man, or the stroke of his stone tomahawk. The weapons, &c., exhibited are genuine, and have, no doubt, often been used in hunting and warfare. Another very interesting spot is the Fern cave, off the West Indian court ; the rockwork in the great fountain basin is arranged by the Ilolborn firm. BV THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. NEW PLANTS CERTIFICATED BV THE ROYAL DOTANIC SOCIETY DURING THE FIRST HALF-YEAR, iS86. "." B.C.. Bstamcal Certificate: F.r., Floral Cerlifieate ; either being egnal to a Fi'St-ciass Certificate. Adiantum fragrintissimum .. E. G. Henderson, .\pril 14 — B.C. /Eranthus Leonis .. .. J. DougLis, May 19— B.C. Alocasiarcsina i «■ «. W,llian.s. May „-B C. *• t E.G. Henderson. May 19— I! C. Amaryllis Clarinda .. .. J. Douglas, March 24— F.C. „ Crown Princess of Ger- many Veitch & Sons, .-Vpril 14 — FC. ,, Hedila Veitch & Sons, April 14 - F.C. „ Joseph Broome . . .. B. S. Williams, April 14-F.C. „ Lady Hulsi .. .. Douglas, March 24— F.C. „ Lascclles .. .. Veitch & Son, March a4-FC. „ Marsliallii .. .. B. S. Williams, April 14 F C. „ Pioneer Veitch & Son, .\pril 14 - F. C. ,. Plato Veilchft Son, March J4-F.C. Anihericunililiastrum major .. T. S. Ware, June 9— B.C. Aspar.agus verticillatus . . Veitch & Sons, June 9-B C Begonia Charmer .. .. J. Laing & Co.. June 9— F.C. „ Incendic J. Laing & Co., May rg— F.C ,, Miss Amy Adcock .. Laing & Co., June 9— F.C „ Queen Victoria .. .. J. Laing & Co., May 19 -F.C. r^Kl ,.., t n«.r,.n.-;^,.r. 1 Laing & Co., March 34— B.C. cattl.ja Laurcnciana.. .. j p g Williams. Mar. J4-B.C. „ Mossi=. Silvia .. .. J. DougLis, May 19-B.C. „ splendidissima .. .. H. Low & Co., M.iy ig— B.C. „ Keineckiana .. .. H. Low & Co., June 9— B.C. „ Wagneri H. Low i Co., June 9 -B.C. Cineraria, Grand Duchess .. J James, March 24-F.C. „ Hecia J. James, March 24-F.C. ., Mrs. Davis .. .. J. James, March 24— F.C. Clivia. Mrs. Laing .. .. Lain- & Co , March24-F.C. Cypripe Hum inacr.inthum .. T. S. Wae, April i4_B.C. Dendrobium Leachianum .. ThoT.son & Son, March 24— B.C. Dentaria polyphylla .. .. Paul & Son, April 14-B C. Dracxnanobilissima .. .. E. G. Henderson & Co., June 9~F.C. Gloxima Ivanhoe .. .. Veitch & Sons, June 9-F.C. Gymnogramma schi ophylla gloriosa Veitch & Sons, June 9-B C. Hyacinth, Grande Fleur .. Veiich & Sons, Mar. 24 - F.C. „ Sir H,fnry Berkeley .. Veitch & Sons, Mar. 24 F.C. Imantophylluai Distinction .. Veiich & Sons, June q-F.C. Laelia bella (?) B. S. Williams. May 19-B.C. „ Russelliana .. .. B. S. Williams, May 19 -B C. Lissochilus lutescens . . .. B. S. Williams, June 9 - B.C. Narcissus, General Gordon .. J. Douglas, March 24 -F.C. Nephrolepis rubescens tripin- raiitida Veitch & Sons, June 9 -B.C. Odontoglossum Pescatorei Vcr- vaetianum .. .. Vervaet, March 24 — B.C. „ Ruckerianum margina- tum Sander & Co., May 19-B.C. „ vexilUriumva'. Silvia .. J. Douebs May 19-B.C. Oncidlum Ktameri major . . B. S. Williams, June 9 - B.C. „ supcrbiens .. .. Sander & Co., June 9— B.C. ., telracopis B. S. Williams, May 19— B.C. Paonia fesliva nia.iima . . T. S. Ware, June 9-F.C. „ inoulan, Carolina .. T. S. Ware, May 19— F.C. „ „ Lord MacauLay .. T. S. Ware, May 19— F.C. ,, „ Madamede Valry .. T. S. Ware, May 19-F.C. Pelargonium Queen of Whi'.es Improved P. Ladds, May ig— F.C. Pieris tremnla foliosa . . . . Veitch & Sons, June 9 -B C. Pha:nix hybrida .. .. Veitch & Sons, May 19-B.C. Rhododendron Brookianum .. Veitch Si Sons, May 19— B.C. „ Gloria Muiidi .. .. Veitch & Sons, June 9-F.C. ., Pre idem Veitch Si Sons, May 19 — F.C. Ro«a lucida, Rose Button . . Veitch & Sons, May 19-B.C. Tlllandsia tesscllata .. .. B. S. Williams, April 14-8 C. Todea grandipinnula .. .. Veitch Si Sons, June 9— B.C. Ulmus Dampieri aurea . . Veitch &. Sons, May 19 - B.C. irylli^ Cn of T. S. Waie, Ma Veiich & Sous, April 1 Veitch Si Sons, Apr.l : Veitch & Sons, April s B S. Williams, May : ,, Duche-s of Albanr .. „ Diiche sofElinburgh .. ,, Her M.ajesty „ Kiiii; of Crinsons „ Princes of Wal.s Anthurium Schcrzerianu n De- Arum palxstinum .... Azalea mollis Lord Shaftesbury W. Cutbush & Sons, Ma Beaumuntia grandiHora Begonia Arthur Malet Cattleya L: „ Mendelii var. Dake of Marlborough Lendyana . Arnoldi . , E, Schroederiana.. A. Waterer, Jun Ruffet, April 27. M. GodefroyLebeuf, Jun Canncll& Sons, Mar.hg. Ba on Schroder, March 2; Kio „ En specie Fnlillaria E. H. Krelage ,, CorneiUe .. „ Siege of H..arlen F. Sander & Co , May 25. Major Lendy, Aprd 27. C. H. Hill, June 22. Schroder, Feb. 9. .. R. Measures, Feb g. Fairfax Fairfax, June 8. {CompagnieContinentaled I ticulture, April 27. R. B. White, April 27. .. Lee, April 13. irianum Cum uins, March 9. . Schroder, March 23. . Th .mson & Son, Mar. 2. . Paul St Son. June 22 , E. H. Krelage, April 17. , E. H. Krelage, April 27. . E. H. Krelage, April 27. . E. H. Krelage. April 27. f Barr i<: Son. Feb. 9. ■ (. T. S. Wa , Feb. Lithosp^rmum graminifo Masdevallia racemosa Crot Myosotidium nobile s C. J. Backhousf Ban Nelst nspic T. S. Ware, April 27. B. S. Williams. May 25 Veitch Si Sons, March s Veitch h Sons. March : T. S. Ware. Feb. 9. Kelway & Son, June. 8, T. S. Ware, May 25 Pickersgill, April 13. Lawrence, April 13. Loder, .\pril 13. Barr Si Son, Ap.il 27. r St Son April 12. Wal T. S T. S. , March g. Si Son, April a Ware, April 2 Ware, April a ,, spurius Henry Irving _.. Odontoglossum crispum apia- turn Schroder, April 27. ,, luteo-purpureum va coglossum ■ Courtaldi Pest Oncidiun (Kn indulai Sander & Co., April 27. Courtauld, April 13. Kno.v, April 13. Vervaet & Co., March 2, I^orman, January 12. H. Ballantine, Jun; 22. H. M. Pollett, Mry 25. Major Lendy, April 27. Kelway S: Son, June 8. T. S. Ware, June 8. F. G. Tautz, Jii Pxony Ecla ,, festiva „ Lilacin „ moutan Madame L-ilTay T. S. Ware, May 25. „ „ Reme Elizabeth .. T. S Ware, May 1 1 „ Princess Beatrice .. Kelway & Son, Jul ,, Princess of Wales .. Kelway Si Son. Jiim Purity E.G. Tautz, J „ Queen Victor-a .. . Pelargonium purpureum Petunia Empress Phcenix hybrida Primula Crimson Beauty ,, Aoribunda .. ,, Improvement P.imrose Scott Wilson Protea cynaroides Pteris crelica H. B. May . Pyrethrum cilia „ Mrs. B. Brown .. „ Ormonde ,, Princess of Wales Rose H P. Gloire Lyonna-s Thuia borealis lutca .. Thunia Veitchiana .. Verbena La-Jy C. Beresfjrd . Vanda coerulescens var. vest Zygopetalum obtusatum Potato Chiswick Favourite . ,, King of Russets .. Kelway Si Soil. June 22. C. Tun.er, May 25. Hooper S: Co.. June 22. Veitch & Sons, ,\Iayir. R Dean, April 27. T. S. Waro, Feb. 9. Cani.ellSi Sons, Feb 9. Wilson, Apiil 13. W. E. Hubbaid. June 2 BC. H. B. May, April 37. Kelway Si Son. Junes. T. S. Ware, June 8. Kelway &S.n, June 8. KelwaySl Son, June 8. Paul Si Son. April 27. Slocock & Son, Jane 22. Veitch Si Sons. June 22. W. Stacey, June 8 Captain Vipan, May 3S. F. Sander Si Co., June : B.C. Veitch & Sons, March 30. J Lye, March 30. J. Bennett, March 30. ROUND LIVERPOOL. (Continued from t>. 818, vol. .x.xv.) Ottkrspool, the Residence ok Sir Thomas Edwaeds-Moss. — There are frequent trains from the Central, or St. James's Street Stations to Otterspool Station, to which these grounds adjoin. This is one of the most attractive places round Liverpool, The natural undulation of the grounds, which have been nicely laid out and are very well kept, coupled with the beautiful view which the river here presents, make the place at all times interesting It is well wooded, which gives a feeling of shelter — a condition of the first importance in a locality so ex- posed to the western gales as this. The carriage road leads through the valley, now green and fertile, but which was once a pool Ir ading from the river, and from which we understand the place takes its name, Otters- pool. A shady walk, with a high bank on the windy side, runs down to a pretty Swiss chalet, just at the edge of the river, from whence may be seen the distant Welsh hills. Near the house is a lofty structure, which is principally occupied by fine Camellias planted out, some of which are from 10 to 12 feet high ; the roof is covered with Roses, A range of three span-roofed houses is mostly devoted to the production of flowers for cutting ; here is a beautiful lot of Eucharis amazonica in the best possible con- dition ; a quantity of bulbous Calanthes for winter blooming, and numerous flowering and fine-leaved stove plants. One of these houses is naw filled with Melons that look very promising. Another house contains a general collection of greenhouse plants, including Fuchsias from autumn- struck cuttings, which Mr. Lindsay, the gardener here, grows remarkably well ; Kalosanthes, Pelar- goniums, Lilies, and the usual stock. In this house are good examples of the red and the whie Lipagerias. Next is a stove, in which, amongst other things, is Anthurium Andreanum, several examples of A. Siherzerianum, Gardenias, and other favourite flowers fur cutting. At the south end of the house, close to the glass, several plants of Dendrobium moschalum are grown ; in this light position they do beautifully ; they were showing quantities of flower-spikes, such as this handsome, but olten somewhat shy flowering species, will not produce unless grown where fully exposed to the amount of light it gets here. I.i another house are a large quantity of tuberous Bego- nias in promising condition. There is a nice selec- tion of Orchids, including a number of Caltleyas and various other species that are growing very well. A number of young two-yeir-old \'ines grown in pots and turned out in one of the vineries were just colouring a good crop. Muscats, good young Vines bearing a beautiful lot of bunches, occupy a second vinery. The back wall in this house is covered with Oleanders planted out, which we understand flower profusely — a circumstance scarcely to have been expected under the conditions of shade that here exist — the heat given to the Vines no doubt affects the ripening of the wood essential to flowering. Another house has been recently planted with Vines. There is a long range of lean-to houses facing east, the first of which has Peaches on the back wall, with Azaleas in front. The next is another long Peach- house, with trees similaily on the back wall, and Strawberriet in from. Adjoining is a late vineiy, principally Alicante and Lady Downe's, both carrying a fine crop. Here also are grown immense quantities of Chry- santhemums for general decorative use and for the production of cut flowers for exhibition. With these Mr. Lindsay is very successful, last year taking the highest award at Hull — £i^ and a Chalhnge Cup. Messrs. R. P. Ker & Son, who in addition to hardy evergreen and deciduous trees and shrubs, cultivate large quantities of flower- ing and fine-leaved stove and greenhouse plants, some of which, particularly Crotons and Dracxnas (as may be seen at the Liverpool show), they have made a specialty of, and which in the con- dition they are brought out by Messrs. Ker in the beautiful miscellaneous groups they so successfully exhibit at the Liverpool, the Manchester, and other leading shows, are examples of high cultivation. The Liverpool Horticultural Co. Of this, Mr. Cowan is the representative. Their nursery is at Garston, a few miles out of Liverpool, and is easily reached by train. Besides the ordinary nursery stock the Company have gone largely into Orchids, of which, we understand, they are in pos- session of large quantities, established plants, as well as those that they keep on importing, Mr. J. Davies, Brook Lane Nursery, Ormskirk. In addition to the usual slock to be met with in nurseries generally, Mr. Davies has identified his name with a race of sweet-scented hybrid Rhododen- drons that are deservedly held in much favour, and are extensively grown. If we recollect aright they are crosses between R. multiflorum and R. EJg- worthii, Messrs. J, Cunningham & Son's old-established nurseiy at Oak Vale has been long celebrated for Rhododendrons, many fine July 3, 1886.) THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. It varieties of which have been raised by the vtteran, Mr. Cunningham. Notwithstanding the ioroads of that terrible person — the builder — who here, as in the case of many other nurseries in the vicinity of large towns, has encroached on the space, there is, we understand, still a fine collec- tion of this favourite evergreen shrub. mn\^i |pw and ^Ikaitings. ODONTOGLOSSUM VEXII.LARIUM. Mr. Ridout (p. 797, vol. xxv.) has been very suc- cessful with the culture of this plant. Nine and ten blooms on a spike are the largest number I ever heard of. We have had eight flowers frequently, and some of the bulbs on our largest plants produced four spikes to one bulb, and with an aggregate of twenty-eight flowers. Mr. Ridout will pardon me if I ventuie to say the labt sentence in his letter is rather vague. "They do best by being kept gently growing nearly all the year round." May I ask at what time of the year they are not to be kept growing ? I would pre- fer the sentence I have quoted minus the word " nearly." I counted the flowers and spikes as nearly as I could on our large plant ; but on cutting off the spikes on which the flowers were still perfect, three days ago, after the flowers had been open four weeks. I find the number is slightly understated — there were forty-nine spikes and 2S9 flowers. The plant was purchased at Stevens' sale rooms in February, 1S78 ; and I may add that the bulbs and leaves produced this year are larger than they have ever been before. I see no reason in the appear- ance of the plant to doubt that it will be larger and stronger next year. I have now repotted it with its associates. Prof. Reichenbach described the Orchid in the Gardeners' Chronicle for May 27, 1S72, in his usual quaint way, and was very desponding about its suc- cessful introduction and culture in England. All previous introductions up to that date had died in the passage ; and the Professor says, "That will no doubt be the fate of others ; new importations will be tried, though nobody can pretend [asseit] without being a charlatan, that any new iraporlation will be successful, and in a short time, no doubt, there will be nothing more left of it, as with so many other lovely Orchids." It was first intro- duced successfully by Mr. Chesterton when col- lecting for Messrs. \'eitch of Chelsea, and flowered in the Exotic Nurseries, Chelsea, in 1S73. It received a First-class Certificate from the Royal Horticultural Society on May 7 in that year. The plant had two spikes of four flowers on each. Messrs. Veitcb exhibited another plant the following month, on which were two spikes with six flowers on esch. This was "the largest plant yet seen." J. Doii!;!as. A Thrke-anthered Cattleya Mossi.^:. A singular form of this well-known Cattleya was handed me the other day by way of a curiosity. The sepals were involute at the sides, but otherwise nor- iSial, while the petals were altogether wanting. The apex of the column exhibited the unusual pheno- menon "of bearing three anthers. The central and normally situated one was perfect, and contained four pollinia, although it was smaller than is usually the case. The lateral pair, although seriously deformed, proved on inspection to be real anthers, developed undoubtedly by separation from the column. Whether this separation was in any way materially assisted by the absence of the petals may remain an open question. Both cells of the anther were in each case present, but only the outer one contained a full-sized pollen mass. The others were much smaller, or altogether absent, while the loculi containing them were small and more or less fleshy. The pollen masses were much softer than usual, and easily separable into the normal groups of four pollen grains, which the microscope showed to be of unusual size, but thin walled and nearly transparent. The con- nective, or what corresponds to such in typical stamens, was much enlarged, petaloid, fleshy, and rose-coloured, with a median dark line. A strong nerve could be detected continuous with this, and extending to the base of the column. The labellum was somewhat malformed, but otherwise normal. 7.F. FHAL.ENOPSIDS FROM MR. PHILLERICK's GARDEN. The Oldfield Orchids are, as our readers know, celebrated for containing many gems of the great Orchid family, and which are almost always well grown by Mr. Ilcims, Mr. Phillbrick's gardener. As instances of remarkable development under culture we have been favoured with the sight of a flower of Phalaenopsis grandiflora, of the unusually great depth of 4^ inches in the sepals, and the same width across the petals. The bloom is delicately suffused with purple, although the aspect at a short distance is that of a white flower. The side-lobes of the lip are yellow instead of rose coloured, as in P. amabilis. The other flower is P. Sanderiana, also of a large size, 3i by 2^ inches, a fine flower for this species. The colour is of a deep purplish-rose, veined with deeper tints of purple. We cannot remember to have seen a deeper coloured flower. COTTONIA PEDUNCULARIS. L'ttle or nothing seems to be known respecting this curious and interesting Oichid in gardens, and no notice is taken of it in gardenii:g dictionaries and other publications, such as Loudon's Encycloptrdla of Plants, There are a number of plants in Sir George Macleay's garden, Pendell Court, introduced from India, some of which have been flowering for a con- siderable time. Two distinct species, or at most three, are all that are known belonging to the genus. The largest and most important is that under notice with a tiranching flower-stem bearing numerous dark culnured flowers. There is an uncoloured figure of it in Wight's Figures of InJian Plants, vol. v., t. 1751;, under the name of C. macrostachya. Lindley is the authority for the accepted name, and the plant would seem to er.jiy a considerably wide distribution in India and Ceylon. The sepals and petals in the living specimen examined are narrow, pale brown, revolute at the margin, and reflexed. The most striking feature of the flower, however, is the re- semblance the labellum bears to that of some species of Ophrys, such as O. bombylifera. It is oblong in outline, slightly constricted in the middle, hairy or pubescent at the sides in the lower half, deep brown, almost black, and shallowly bifid at the apex with a tooth in the notch. This organ is also notable for a curious depression about the middle on the upper surface, and a small bifid or toothed crest near the base. This latter is shown in the figure quoted, but no notice is taken of it in the description furnished by the Genera Plantarttin. The linear, bifid, rigid diitichous leaves remind one of a Saccolabium or AciidcF. SELF-FERTILISATION OF EPI- DENDRUM VARIEGATUM.* TilE curious method of feitilsation exhibited by this plant deserves notice as being somewhat singular, since it is effected in every case by purely mechanical means. The lip is so situated in proximity to the column that it can exert pressure on its under-side, and the anther is held in place by projecting horns which hinder it from being easily detached. With- out being in any way displaced from the anther-case, the pollen masses become enlarged and consequent upon the pressure of the lip against the column are squeezed so that they distend laterally inwards and thus come into contact with the stigma. The lip even when bent back with some force, returns to its place with a strong spring, and it would therefore be im- possible for any but a very large insect to exert sufii- cient force, to effectually separate the lip and the column and give room for the admission of the pollen masses. Besides if sufficient force was used as to de- tach the anther case, it would in most instances fall irom the flower, carrying with it the pollinia — owing to the peculiar form of the lip. In the course of some four years, during which the growth of this plant has l)een carefully watched, no instance has been observed in which the flowers have failed to fertilise, and the anther-case has always remained attached to the column, together with the persistent flower until the seeds are ripe and the capsule bursts — a circumstance tending to prove that fertilisation is self effected. The plant itself, according to Lindley in Folia Qrchidacca, appears to be very variable ; he places it in 5 Osmophytum, to which its near allies, E. fragrans * Epidendrum varieg^ettutii, Hook., Bot. Mng., t. 315T. E. roruueum, UaoV... Bot. Mag., t. 3595- E. crasulaldum, Piippig and Etidl., Nc-j. Geii., 11, p. T, t. 102, according to Lindley in Folia Onhidacea. and E. cochleatum, also belong, and to the former of which it bears a great resemblance, being scarcely distinguishable except when in flower. J. H, Hart, Superintendent Government Cinchona Plantation, Jamaica. ^^^ NURSERY NOTES. Gloxi.nias at Messrs. Hooper & Co.'s, Twick- enham.— Although these are now past their best, yet the remainder of what must have been a grand sight ii well worth seeing. Messrs. Hooper & Co. are renowned for their Gloxinias, and justly so. The strain seems a very good one, although the foliage would not suit every one's taste, many preferring those with droopinjj foliage, which hoods over and covers the pot ; but if the plants be grouped this character is not noticeable, With only one or two exceptions the plants are of the erect-flowering type. The colours of Messrs. Hoopei's strains leave nothing to be desired, and defy descrip- tion ; all shades of red and blue abound, and mix- tures of both colours are seen. A noticeable variety is one named reticulata, having red spots on a white ground, and a brilliant patch of carmine at the jane tion of the lobes of the corolla. The throat is of a reddish coloured ground, having delicate pencilling of a deeper shade. The carmine spot gives it a very attractive character. Another variety (unnamed) has a most curious appearance. First, there is a pink band all round the corolla, which is much crimped and fringed. The flowers look at first sight as if they are fading. Next this band is a deep crimson ground shading off into a chiome-yellow in the throat. If not beautiful, this form is at least peculiar, and worthy ol cultivation, " Distinciion " is a name given to a handsome large- fljweied variety with regularly formed flowers ; the edging is of a pale violet, succeeded by a dark band, thus gradually streaked oti' on a pure white ground. The name which has been applied is very appro- priate. We noticed one plant which had flowers with a wh;te edge, then with a band of red, and running through most brilliant shades of red and violet to a decided violet in the throat. Another mixed form was most delicate. A pure white rim was fol- loiA-ed by a patch of a mixture of colour, begin- ning with a very pale pink, and then gradually becoming streaked over with pale violet, with a reddish tinge, succeeded by white running down the throat, which to*ards the base is spotted with an indescribable reddish-blue. Contrasting with these highly coloured forms a plant with perftc ly white flowers, with the exception of the yellowish-green throat, attracted our attention. The colour of the throat was so clear and fine that it set off the otherwise white flower to great advantage. The foliage of this plant completely covered the pot, and the entire plant was most pleasing. Numerous other forms are to be seen. It is difficult to make selections for special remark from among so many beautiful forms. Both pale and dark coloured forms are plentiful. The greater number are red flowers, but still blues are by no means rare. There are spotted forms of both colours, which are both numerous and good, having fine large flowers, which are perfect in form. The plants now in flower are all last year's seedlings, and have made good healthy plants, producing abundance of flowers. Besides these in flower at the present time Messrs. Hooper have a large batch of young plants now coming on, and which promise to be as great a success. Begonias at Messrs. Laing & Co.'s. The Begonias at Forest Hill are again a special feature, and give promise of being as great an attraction as ever. They have been flowering for some time in great profusion, and will continue to do so during the season. The number ol plants now being cultivated in the houses and planted out ii enormous, amounting to something like 200,000, 18,000 of which are doubles. In the show-houses, filled with Begonias, there are about 1000 plants now in full bloom, and which present a very imposing and gorgeous spectacle. The single-flowered varieties are of great size — too large, to our taste — 6 and 7 inches in diameter being about the average. The plants are very healthy, growing vigorously and producing flowers in such profusion that they seem masses of colour ; a house filled with such plants as these in all their various shades of red and yellow, and pure white, can only be imagined, not described. The same may be said of 12 THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. QULY 3, 1886. the double forms — only, of course, they are not of such great dimensions. We took special note of a few of the most attractive forms, among which were the following :— Illustration, a double bronze-yellow, slightly flushed with salmon-pink ; Virginalis, a double white, a most desirable variety, the flowers being erect; Randolph, also a double of a most rich deep and brilliant carmine-crimson colour. It is a free flowerer, but has one slight disadvantage, in having long Ktems. A double creamy while flower of a good regular form is Marchioness of Statford. Mrs. Amy Adcock is a double pale crimson with a white centre ; this is a very pleasing variety. A variety that has been frequently noticed before is Davisi hybrida, fl.-pl., but it is of such a rich red colour, and so grace- ful in appearance that one cannot pass it by without notice. Charmer is one of this year's seedlings, and has been twice certificated. It is a single white, with a rich crimson edge. The flowers are large and plentiful. Truly it is well named. A plant of a somewhat novel character, having red flowers with the lateral segments tipped with white, has received the title of Piebald. Of the white-flowered class, a specially pleasing one is White Perfection, with large pure white flowers. These are a few of the most noticeable, but where so many varied and beautiful forms are so abundant it is impossible to enumerate all. To appreciate them thoroughly they have to be seen, and we would strongly recommend lovers of 'these popular flowers to pay a visit to Forest Hill, and judge for themselves. Messrs. Kklway's Herbaceous P.«onies. The remarkable collection of cut blooms of these, shown by Messrs. Kelway & Son, of Langporl, at the meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society on the 2Zd ult., must have come to many persons as a great surprise. These dashing hardy flowers are represented in many gardens only by the well known crimson form, that the wide range of varieties shown on this occasion, not only by Messrs. Kelway & Son, but by Mr. T. S. Ware, Tottenham ; Messrs. Barr & Son, Covent Garden ; Messrs, Paul & Son, Cheshunt ; and Messrs. E. H. Krelage & Co., of Haarlem, ranging in colour from shining deep maroon to pure white, through many intermediate shades, must have astonished some gardeners as well as the general public. The fact is that Kelway & Sons are so constantly raising seed- lings that the varieties increase rapidly, but it is only on occasions like this that one has an oppor- tunity of seeing not only how large and fine the new forms arc, but how greatly they vary in colour. And what a sight it must be at Langport to see 5 acres of Pxonies in bloom ; and that there may be the best opportunity for comparison, two plants of each variety are put out every year, in addition to a large number of seedlings. Some patience is required in raising seedling Pxonies. The seeds take one or two years to germi- nate. The plan adopted at Langport is to sow them in the spring in drills in a cold frame, but wide enough apart for plants in pots to be placed between them during the winter. Here the plants remain till they are two years old, and then they are planted out in the open ground to bloom. Another space of two years is required before they flower in a satisfactory manner ; and so some amount of patience is required, like that exercised by raisers of Tulips. The soil at Langport is a heavy loam resting upon a bed of gravel, and it seems difiicult to imagine one better adapted for the growth of Paeonies. Varieties are increased by root division. This is done about November, when the roots are broken or cut up into pieces, much as those of Rhubarb are, but each piece must have an eye, or no plant can be expected ; and what bolder, more showy, and striking hardy border plant have we flowering in June than these herbaceous Pseonies ? They are accommo- dating in the matter of soil, but in a good deep loam they do remarkably well. What a range of varieties there is to select from is shown by the fact that Messrs. Kelway & Son catalogue something like 320 varieties. These are all double flowers ; in addition they have a list of seventy-two single varieties. Of the double forms the following are extra fine : — Lady L. Bramwell, silvery-rose, extra fine, large and full ; Mymotus, deep crimson-marooon ; Acanum, bright rosy-purple ; Lactatus, pale rose ; Beatrice Kelway, having broad pink guard petals, and a white centre ; Feronia, pure white ; Papinus, bright pur- plish ctimsoQ ; Abora, paU purplish-rose ; Princess Beatrice, broad, bold pink guard-petals, the centre creamy-white and pale pink ; Frances, delicate pink, margined with while ; James Kelway, rich, shining maroon-crimson ; Princess Patricia, broad white guard petals, and delicate primrose centre; Morlia, pale peach ; Carnica, delicate rose ; Lidy Catringlon, blush, the centre petals having a distinct Picotee edge of red ; Macella, the guard petals lively rosy-pink, broad and bold ; the centre a bunch of thin golden petals, a few of them tinted with purple ; Princess Henry of Battenberg, shining maroon, very fine ; Princess of Wales, delicate pink, margined with white, extra fine ; Prince of Wales, pale lustrous, maroon ; Orobus, delicate rosy-purple, extra-fine Vesulus, deep pink, paler on the edges ; Silenus, bright rose ; and Alboni, soft peach. This is a selection of the leading varieties in a large and varied collection. A few of the most attractive of the single-flowered varieties will be found in Prince Alexander, pale rose, large golden tassel in the centre ; Millais, bright deep rosy-purple ; Princess Victoria, ilelicate blush, almost white; Pinetus, bright crimson ; Crimson Gem, pale purplish-crimson ; Queen of May, pale rose ; and Catulus, bright purplish-crimson. These are but a few, there are other varieties varying in colour. A WATER FUNGUS: MITRULA PALUDOSA, Fries. Few fungi of the summer and autumn attract more admiration than the pretty little fungus here illustrated (fig. 2). It is the Marsh Mitrula (Mitrula paludosa. Fries), which grows upon dead leaves, moss, and twigs, as they float in quiet drains and other watery places. fungus: mitrula paludosa. The stem is white and slightly hollow, or piped, and the club-shaped top is orange in colour and stuffed. There is a perfectly white variety, named M. alba. The majority of fungi only require a moderate amount of moisture for their sustenance, for instance, too much moisture is fatal to Mushroom growth, but the plant before us cannot live unless it grows in a semi-submerged condition. A second fungus, the allied Vibrissea truncorum. Fries., grows in similar positions on submerged wood as does Peziza clavus, Mitrula is an Ascomycetous fungus, i.i.^ the spores are all borne in sets of eight within transparent bladders or "asci," which asci completely invest the surface of the top or *'pileus." The distinction is an important one, as in the Club fungi found under Clavaria, the spores, which grow in fours, are all free, r.*r., without any microscopic investing bladders or sacs. Mitrula paludosa, is remarkable for its singular habitat, pretty form, and beautiful coloration. It is not uncommon in some of the pretty water- courses of Wales, Devon, Cornwall, &c. \\\ G. .5", CAMPANULA ALLIONI. This is a very beautiful Campanula, remarkable for its mode of growth, the rootstock being creeping, rooting into the soil and sending up shoot stems with linear sessile leaves, and relatively very large, bell- shaped, violet-blue flowers about l^ inch long. These flowers grow singly at the ends of the branches. Sir Joseph Hooker remarks (5(?/a«:Va/ Magazine, t. 658S), that the creeping rootstock adapts it well for its habitats, which are th« moving slopes of soil at the base of precipices. It is a native of the Alps of Piedmont and Savoy. Our illustration (fig, 3) is from % drawing of M. Iseadtner of Munich. REPLANTING VINERIES. Any one having Black Hamburgh Vines in the early or second early houses, which, through old age or other cause have not yielded satisfactory crops during the last year or two, I would strongly advise to cut all the bunches as soon as the berries are ripe with 9 or 10 inches of wood attached to each bunch, the ends of which should be placed in bottles of water (having a few small pieces of charcoal in each) in the Grape or other cool room. This done root out the old Vines, remove the soil from a narrow strip of the border, say 5 feet wide or less, see that the drainage is all right, placing over it a layer of turf, grassy side down, and afterwards fill the space excavated with a compost consisting of five parts of good turfy loam, one of wood ashes, one of lime rubble, one of fresh horse-droppings, and about an ordinary sized garden barrowful of fresh soot, mixing the whole before using. In preparing the border make allowance for the soil subsiding 5 or 6 inches within as many weeks from the time of making it. Planting. Before doing this clean the structure thoroughly, washing the walls with hot lime-wash. If the culti- vator be not provided with home-grown Vines of course he will have to buy them from some firm reputed for the cultivation and sending out of clean, healthy plants. These, when thoroughly moist at the roots, should be turned out of the pots and the soil all round the ball of roots and earth slightly loosened and be then planted at 3 feet apart about I inch deeper than they were in the pots, making the soil firm about them. In planting them put a support to each, and fasten them to the trellis, but leave the ties long to allow of the subsidence of the soil. This done, give tepid water through a rose to settle the soil about the roots, and afterwards give a slight mulching of rotten dung. Shade the Vines with mats for a few days, until the roots have taken to the new soil, and with this object in view, and to freshen up the foliage, which, under the circum- stances, will show signs of flagging, damp them slightly overhead three times a day until they have made fresh growth, after which morning and after- noon will be often enough, damping, however, the surface of the border, pathways, &c., twice during the interval, during bright sunshiny weather, to promote a growing atmosphere. Assuming that the Vines have been stopped once or twice during the last few months, and that in each case the laterals resulting from the said stopping have been pinched out as soon as they appeared, thereby causing the latent bud at the base — which, if the laterals had been allowed to grow, as is frequently the case, would not move until next year — to push into growth after the lapse of eight or ten days, the sap in the meantime will be necessarily directed to the de- velopment of both stem and buds below. Thus treated, a uniform plumpness of buds is secured the entire length of the rods. When the Vines so stopped have made 24 inches of fresh growth, stop them again in the manner indicated, and repeat the opera- tion to the end of the growing season, except in the case of temporary Vines, which are to be cut down after they have fruited next year, these may be pinched hard at 8 feet from the bottom of the trellis ; but should there be any danger of the buds in the axils of the leaves bursting, a few of the laterals and sub-laterals near the top of each rod so disposed can be allowed to grow to draw off the sap and thus prevent the fruit buds from pushing into growth. In order to concentrate all the energies of the individual Vines in the thickening of the rods and the enlargement and consolidation of the buds proceeding from their bases, the lateral shoots springing from the same source must be stopped at the first or second joint, as also should the sub-laterals, and those which may after- wards appear should be pinched close back. These remarks are also applicable to that portion of the Vine between the ground and the trellis to insure uniform thickness of main stem from its base. Better results will be secured from Vines so treated than would be the case from rods, the laterals of which have been allowed to grow uninterruptedly during the previous season with a view to encouraging a corresponding amount of growth at the roots. Vines thus treated will reach the top of the rafters before the end of the season, and may be allowed to bear a few bunches each next year. This method of procedure has everything to commend its adoption, July 3, iS85.] THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. »3 seeing that a crop of Grapes is taken from the old Vines this year in sufficient time to establish young ones for carrying a crop next year. Remarks on the watering of the borders, ventilation, temperature, &c., will be found at p. 687, vol. xxv. H. IV. Ward, Longford Castle. flailista' Jloui^rs. THE CARNATION AND PICOTEE. It is very interesting to observe the inBuence of different seasons on the plants under our care. Some- times the weather is propitious ; more frequently it is the reverse ; but, whatever may be the difficulties we have to contend with, sooner or later the flowering season will come. " While the earth remainetb, seed time and harvest, summer and winter, day and night shall not cease." We may take the same weather. The pest may be destroyed by dusting with tobacco-powder, or if the plants are under glass by fumigating with tobacco-smoke. Some flowers when fully expanded are much injured by tobacco-smoke ; the Carnation and Picotee blooms receive no injury whatever from it, I like to keep up a succession of bloom for as long a period as possible, and for that purpose a few plants are placed in a warm house ; these are now in flower, and very beautiful they are, especially some of the brighter coloured selfs. During the spring months I depend upon the perpetual flowering varieties to keep up a succession of bloom until the summer flowering type come into flower. Many intending exhibitors will probably read these lines, and those who have plants in pots should place them under glass as soon as the flowers show colour ; but it is well to bear in mind that they must not be shaded too much, and the nearer they can be placed to the glass the better. The house should be freely ventilated night and day, and merely shaded from bright sunshine. Those who have not the convenience of a house in which to Fig. 3.— campanula allioni : flowers blue, (see p. 12.) promise to ourselves, in reference to the choice flowers we cultivate. Seasonal difficulties we shall always have, and the present season has not been a favourable one by any means. We have always boasted that the Carnation and Picotee stand any amount of frost if the plants are kept dry ; but I certainly found the weakly plants were considerably injured this year, although those with a vigorous constitution passed through the trying spring very successfully. I can gener- ally tell in May whether they are late or early, for this reason : most of the plants are placed in cold frames at a uniform distance from the glass, and about the 1st ef May they have usually grown so much, that the lights cannot be moved ofT without injuring the rising flower-stems. This year they were quite three weeks late at that time, and the weather since has not been favourable to rapid growth. In ordinary seasons the general Carnation bloom is at its best near London about July 20, but we have had such adverse seasons recently that this date is not to be depended upon ; on one occasion we had to place the plants under glass to get the flowers in by August 7. Green-fly has not been so troublesome this year as usual, nor have we as yet seen any black thrips ; these latter do considerable damage in very hot place their plants may have a few frame-lights to spare. The plants may be arranged on a bed, a row of posts should be driven into the ground on each side of it ; the tops of the posts ought to be 9 inches higher on ihe north side than they are on the south. A rail should be nailed on the top of each row of posts to support the lights. Some shading material may be nailed on to the posts to prevent winds from blowing underneath ; but it ought not to be fixed quite to the top of the posts, leave about 6 inches all round for ventilation. It is necessary to throw some very slight shading over the glass during bright sun- snine when the flowers are open. If they are shaded too early they lack colour. Many of the best varieties of Carnations and Pico- tees have a tendency when well grown to burst their pods ; this is a serious fault, as a flower with a pod split down one side is an unsightly object. It is caused by the pod being too full of petals ; and may be prevented by slitting the pods down a little on the upper side ; it is the under side which always splits, and, as a further precaution, some of the flowers may be tied round the calyx with a strip of matting. During hot weather the plants require plentiful supplies of water at the roots. The Carnation fancier will 6nd many hours occupation in attend- ing to his plants during the months of June and July. There is disbudding, tying the stems to the sticks, brushing off green-fly, trapping ear- wigs (another troublesome insect, which eats the petals through at the base, and when the flowers are cut the petals drop out). The old fanciers place cards to the flowers on which to display the petals, which some tasteful persons do not approve of. This is a matter for private consideration. I never use manure-water at any time during the growth of the plants, nor when the flowers are expanding. Those intending to form a collection of the best varieties should attend the exhibitions of the several Carnation Societies, North and South. They can there see the best varieties exhibited, and purchase those that take their fancy. Every Carnation and Picotee grower ought to be a seedling raiser, and proving the seedlings is one of the most interesting o( the many details of the fancier's work. The work must be done in a methodical manner. The plants from which it is intended to sav« seeds should be placed, if possible, by themselves, and they ought to be hybridised every day when in flower ; and in attending to this necessary operation of the gardener's art a good deal of judgment is necessary. Not only must the very best varieties extant be selected as seed and pollen bearers but the classes ought not to be mixed. The Carnation and the Picotee are each subdivided into six classes, exclusive of the yellow ground Picotees, and it is only proper that the scarlet bizarre Carnations should be kept by themselves ; and the same holds good to the end of the chapter. The seeds ought to be sown about the first week in April over a hotbed ; they will very speedily vegetate, and must be pricked out in boxes 3 or 4 inches apart, to be planted out in the open ground as soon as they are large enough. They will form large, handsome specimens, if they are allowed iS inches each way, and the quantity of flowers they produce is truly astonishing ; we have had upwards of 200 on one plant. A few of the very best varieties must be selected to grow again, and the best way to preserve them is to dig up the plants and pot them. The layers on such plants usually form roots much more freely than they do on those that have been grown in pots all the year round. Each plant will produce on an average about twelve layers, which may be tested in various positions next season ; some may be grown in pots, and others planted out in the open ground, to prove their adapta- bility as border plants. For this purpose the self- coloured flowers are the most popular, they are better adapted to cut for placing in bouquets, &c. Many will come white. I had from 700 seedlings last year, three orfour very fine white varieties raised fromtheordinary flakes and bizarres ; this at 6rst sight seems very extraordinary, but we must not forget that both bizarres and flakes are white, that is, they have a white ground, more or less pure, on which the colours rose, red, purple, maroon, scarlet, &c., are deftly laid on in flakes and stripes, y. Douglas. j^OLONlAL ]^0TE3. A RAMBLE AMONGST TREE FERNS. Receiving an invitation to make one of a party or the above purpose I soon came to a conclusion on the matter. After a railway ride of some forty miles the station was reached, where waiting I found a conveyance, two horses in tandem, and a lady driver. Here allow me to digress a moment for the informa- tion of your fair readers in England. These horses, with others, had been trained personally for this lively and uncommon way of driving by this young lady of some seventeen summers, and right well had she performed her task ; the secret of her success, I afterwards learned, being kindness and fearlessness. Such is her influence over these animals that they refuse to allow gentlemen to saddle or ride them. Whilst chatting on the subject of long drives with horses she merrily replied, " But mine are fond of them ; " but she added, " they require to be driven judiciously." After a thirteen miles' pleasant journey, we came to our rendezvous — my friend's homestead, which lies nestling on the confines of an immense forest. Here, I found vineries with their luscious fruits ripe (when invitations are doubly accept- able), and pot plants of no mean order, CoIeuSi 14 THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. (July 3, 18 Begonias in variety, Petunias, Fuchsias, Pelargonium':, &c. — the flower and fiuit garden, In harmony wiih the surroundings. Darkness shortly afterwards put an end to further inspection. After the usual prelimi- naries next morning, we started on adventure No. I. Here the early morning impressions are, that hardly anything in Nature can exceed the wilil, weirdgrandeur of these primeval forests grey with the ravages of untold stoims— standing as they do memorials of many centuries of time, having given shelter to the Moa bird ('ong since extinct) and ihe Maories alike. We came across a forest giant, the Totara [Podocarpus Totara], which had been felled a few days previous to our visit, and which measured 9 feet in diameter across a fresh-sawn cut 2 feet from the ground, and which was calculated to hive close upon 1000 rings or to have grown as many years. Here we soon found some of the objects of our search— Cyathea dealbata, towering above the Dicksonias, and vieing with them fur the supremacy. Here also were two other vari- eties of Cyatheas which we could not determine. In close proximity we found growing in marvel- lous profusion, Pteris lucida and P. scaberula, with Gleichenia Cunninghami, locally called the Umbrella Fern. In this immediate neighbourhood, in small livu'ets, we found, almost hidden in verdure, that c'larmiog Queen of Ferns, Todea superba, and the Todea hymennphylloides. The latter is cer- tainly the most handsome, with its graceful fronds fully 2 feet in length, and its beautiful plumose pinnx. To see these in their native habitat un- disturbed, is something to admire and remember. Here also we came across a veritable bridge of live Ferns, Tree Ferns cut down and laid across each other (with minor ones interlaced), and growing not- withstanding their prostrate condition j for so tena- cious are they of life in their native habitat that they insist upon growing whether standing upright or lying down. Frequently we came across them where they had been ruthlessly cut down and left, afterwards growing exactly the shape lof an immense tobacco-pipe, with its bowl upright, 3 or 4 feet in height. At every turn huge Polystichums and Pteris barred our progress. The chief feature of this forest is that you are constantly meeting with groups of different species of Ferns. There is a carpet of dwarf ones, such as Doodias, Blechnums, and Aspidiums, which it seems almost barbarous to trample upon. Further on the nodding plumes of the tree species seem to court your admiration, until your sense of discri- mination gets mazed, and your note-book of memory fails. There also we came across the New Zealand Mislleto, suspending itself exactly like the English one in tufts, but unlike it in one respect ; it seems here at any rate to attach itself to only one species of tree. There is some controversy as to whether it is a real Mistleto [Loranthus sp.], certainly it is a parasite, and, therefore, of the order Loranths, for we closely examined its structure ; leaves tough and leathery, 2X1 inch, entire, acuminate, and red berried. At this auspicious moment a shower of rain checked our further progress, and we retreated for lunch. Our next adventure (No. 2) was a more serious undertaking — no less than the ascent of a creek some 20 yards wide, and about 2 miles in length^a rush- ing stream, with numerous rough and large boulders. The first glance convinced us it would be a slow, diffi- cult, and uncertain journey ; but we had two lady guides, and therefore could not honourably retract ; so we donned bush costume, and prepared for the worst, This creek is arched over with, of course, evergreens in all stages of life and decay, conspicuous amongst them being the Grislinia littoralis, the New Zealand Laurel, festooned with lichens and mosses, the latter drooping 2 feet in length ; clinging also to these were Asplenium flaccidum and A. bulbiferum in friendlycombat for the mastery with Polypodium Bil- lardieri, and tenellum. Each side of this creek is walled in by rocky terraces, draped withFernsof manyspecies and varieties; amongst others we recognised Cyito- roium falcatum, Lomaria Patersoni, L. Fraseri, L. procera, Polystichum angulare, P. proliferum, Pteris iongifolia, wiih its stately fronds ; and several Nephro- diums — indeed, here ferndom had certainly run riot. Occasional breaks in these terraces revealed witching glens, contributing their tiny sprays into our noisy stream. Still scramblinghigher, alter frequently empty- ing our boots of clear cold water, we came upon a pecu- liar and distinct variety of Lycopod, furnished only with ( simple wiry rhizome in unlimited lengths ; about every 12 inches it pushed a single strong rootlet into the soil, and threw up a spreading frond or branchlet, resembling a miniature tree moss. Pushing our way still higher up we cams upon a gem, the rare Hymenophyl- lum filicifolium, with its delicate tracery and black spores, the finest of the filmy Ferns, fronds 12 to 15 inches in length. Here also (for we were getting nearer the foot of the ranges and therefore more and more in the shade) was Acrophorus hispidus in abundance, and the neat little lace Asplenium. The terraces were now becoming more perpendicular, the result being that mosses and lichens were taking the place of Ferns, and levers of these might have revelled in delight, so beautiful were the speci- mens. Climbing was now becoming difficult, when a sudden bend disclosed a charming cataract some 14 feet clear fall, a miniature Niagara; this blocked our further progress upwards. After an interval of rest we decided upon our return journey, which we found as difficult as the upward one. After a damp and exciting struggle we reached our starting point, where we found our faithful quadruped waiting to convey us to less exciting scenes, and where we soon satisfied our eager appetites. T, Smith, Timaru, iVav Zealand, hedges may receive two trimmings annually, one in early June, and the other in August, thus keeping them at all times in a neat outline and inducing a close even growth. A. D. li'clistet: ]*^OREgTI^Y. THINNING. The thinning of young plantations, more espe- cially such as are being operated upon for the first time, should now be taken in hand and continued till about the end of August. This is all the more necessary in recently formed woods at high altitudes, as by thinning during the summer months the remain- ing trees are better able to withstand the succeeding cold weather than when the work is performed at the usually specified time in the autumn or winter. Of course this rule must not in all cases be applied generally, as it is well known that timber cut during the summer is inferior as regards listing qualities to that felled at any other time. In thinning ele- vated plantations let the work be executed with great caution, as the results occasioned by the free ingress of cold winds are oftentimes serious in the extreme. Rather thin often, and remove little at a time than undergo any risk, and pay attention that the outer line or lines on the exposed sides are left thicker than those within the woodland. Collect the poles in lots, keeping each kind separate, and arrange according to size. The lots had best be formed along the sides of the clearance roads, and where facility for removal is guaranteed. In such woods the branches may be of but little value ; still, for the health of the trees and tidiness of the woodlands they had better be made into faggots, and either sold at once or carted home and stacked for winter use in the mansion. By so doing all forest produce is utilised, and the ever- increasing insect pests kept considerably in bounds. Hedging. Now is the time to prune with a sharp switching knife all sorts ol hedges — Yew, Box, Privet, Thorn, Beech, or Hornbeam — and at the same time it will be advantageous, and, perhaps, obviate the chances of its being forgotten altogether, to thoroughly clear the ground along the base of each, freeing it from all rank weeds — indeed, weeds of any kind — and removing any dead or dying plants and twigs. Collect the prunings with a rake into heaps, and either have them conveyed to some suitable place for such rubbish, or burned on the spot. In the case of Yew prunings, or, indeed, those of Laurel and Rhodo- dendron, the best way is to reduce them to ashes on the ground, as all three are highly deleterious to farm stock generally. Yew branches in particutar should never be allowed to lie about within the reach of horses, cattle, or sheep ; and it is likewise well to remember, that in a half dead state the foliage of this tree is even more dangerous than when newly cut. In cleaning along the base of fences, the hoe and rake are, perhaps, preferable to any other tools, although good results frequently follow a shallow dig- ging of the soil, but in so doing take great care not to come in contact with, nor to injure the surface roots. Bear in mind that clean kept hedges, and such as receive an annual trimming, will last much longer, and form a more impenetrable fence with less cost for repairs and attendance than those which are allowed to run wild and have their own way. Liwn and nursery PELARGONIUMS. \Vhere the necessary house -accommodation for wintering bedding Pelargoniums in 4-inch pots exists, t! e present is the best time to begin propagating for next year. Select a sheltered situation with a good ex- posure tothesun, and one well provided with drainage. Throw this into 3 or 4 feet beds ; get a mixture of leaf-mould and sand in about equal quantities, and mix this with 2 inches of the soil in the beds. On this the cuttings should be pricked off from 2 to 3 inches apart. They will be rooted by the usual time, and ready for potting up in August. This is a capital plan (or saving labour in the busy months of spring. With this plan only about one-half the usual quantity of Pelargoniums are needed to fill the beds, as the plants are much larger and they flower more abundantly than when struck later on in the autumn. Sub-tropical Beds. Special attention must be given here, in order to induce the plants to make a vigorous growth, they mast receive copious supplies of water and a mulch- ing of well rotted manure. See that all tall growers as Cannabis, Ric'nus, Wigandias, &c , are securely staked. Frequently stir the surface of all flower beds with the hoe, or where that is impracticable with a small hand fork. This is of great importance, especially where water has been artificially applied. Flatten down edgings of Cerastium and clip them into proper shape ; this is frequently requisite in order to keep it in proper trim. Sintolina will often require the same treatment, or else it will soon out- grow its proper bounds. Ranunculus should be lifted out of the beds as soon as the foliage and stems turn yellow, or else they are apt to again start into growth. These are best stored in sand and placed in a cool shed or cellar. Creepers, These should have their shoots thinned and regu- lated as growth proceeds. Lay in sufficient young growths to furnish all bare spaces, and expose them well to the influence of light and air, in order to have the wood well ripened for next season's display. Hedges, &c. Clip hedges into the desired shape, also plants which are used for the embellishment of Italian and geometric flower gardens. These are cut into all sorts of architectural figures, but I must confess I never saw any beauty about them ; they are too stiff and formal. Sweet Bays and Laurels are belter trimmed with the knife, as the shears mutilate the foliage, causing it to turn brown on the edges. Sowing, &c. A sowing of Mignonette and many other of the hardy annuals may still be made. For late flowering stake any of the tall growing kinds, to prevent them falling over. A good sowing of East Lothian Stocks should also be made at once. If these be pricked into a cold frame, wintered with slight protection, and planted out in spring, they will be in full flower by the middle of June, and will continue flowering throughout the summer. Divide and strike cuttings of any new plants which are scarce. W. M. Baillie, "P^AJ^Tp AND THEIR ;pUJ.TUI^E. COLOURED-LE.WED PL.\NTS. The foliage plants in this deparment, such as Alocasias, Marantas, Aothuriums, Fittonias, Cyano- phyllums, Sphserogynes, &c., will be much benefited by having frequent waterings of liquid manure. Keep the syringe well at work amongst the plants, regulating the young growths as they come up, other- wise some of them will get crippled in pushing through the older foliage and stakes, A watch must be kept for fly on the young leaves. Cyanophyllum July 3, 1S86.] THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. 15 magnificum and Spbrerogyne latifolia must be kept in the shadiest part of the house. All the above plants are moisture and shade lovers, but shading must not be used more than is necessary to prevent burning or discoloration of the foliage. For Crotons plenty of light, heat and moisture are the conditions most favourable to their growth ; to ensure this the plants should be freely syringed both morningand afier- noon, shutting up early so as to husband some heat, The planis should now be making rapid progress, and liberal supplies of water at the root will be required. Crotons are well adapted for table decoration, especially those with long, narrow and spiral foliage when grown with a single stem in 6 inch pots. Caladiums. Caladiums should now be growing away freely ; any small bulbs or e)'es which were not ready some lime ago for potling should now be potted. Caladiums do best in loose rough soil, such as fibry loam, lea*"- mould or peat, and few plants are more tffecive during the summer months than are dwarf sturdy "speci- mens of these, A selection should be kept in suit- able sized pots, so as to be available for decoration when wanted. If the plants be subjected lo plenty of light, their stems and leaves will become much stouter and stronger, and the colouring much brigh:er and more fully developed than when shade is em- ployed beyond what is absolutely necessary to keep them from burning. Dracenas. These most accommodating plants may now be set in any cool structure, provided they have been pre- pared for it during the past few weeks, by being gradually hardened in a drier and more airy house. There are few if any stove subjects that will stand the sudden changes of temperature and hard usage that the Dracaenas will. There are now so many varieties, and the range of colour in their leaf- markings is so wide, that a fair collection ehould be in every establishment where summer or winter decoration is required ; and although the Dracaena stands the efTects of usage indoors with impunity, it is advisable to change them as often as possible. A. Evans, Lythe Hill. JhE 'pRCHID JioUgES. D E N D R O B I U M S. The house we set apart for these runs east and west, and as we use the thinnest titfany for shading, that is 6xed on the outside, so that the sun can exercise its full power on the plants grown in this way. They will stand a much stronger fumigating when grown thus, providing all the plants are moist at the roots. It has been thought by some .persons that Dendrobium thytsiBorum and D. densiflorum are injured by being grown in too much sunlight, and that spot is induced ; but I think there is some other cause for the spot on the leaves. Many of the Dendrobiums will now be far advanced in growth, and will be making fresh roots from the base of the new pseudobulbs ; those that are looking extra strong might require a small shift if they are under-potted, but should be disturbed as little as possible in the operation, for if the least check is given to the plant it will often start another growth instead of finishing the first, and with our short summers it requires veiy great care to mature these late growths. The Den- drobiums are better for being confined at the root, and usually succeed better when overpotting is avoided. I find the best way to treat large plant;, if they have lost their roots through the soil getting sour, is to pot them back into much smaller pots, and then plunge the pot in a larger one, filling up round it with crocks, and covering the surface with lumps of peat and moss ; but I do not think it good practice to place one basket inside another if it can be avoided : for the wood soon begins to decay when buried, and rapidly causes the whole compost to be unfit for the roots to thrive, besides breeding injurious fungi. Any of the plants in baskets where the material at the roots is getting sour might have this picked out carefully with a small pointed stick, and be top- dressed with live sphagnum and fibrous peat. Any specimens in pots that require more room place the pot inside a larger one, and fill round with crocks and top-dress. It is not prudent to break the inside pot when a plant is making growth nor to make a larger hole in the bottom, as nearly all the new roots of these Orchids show themselves on the surface. With regard to D. Wardianum and D. crassinode it does not seem to make much difference whether they are in pots or baskets, or if suspended from the roof or standing on the stage when the house is a very light one. D. Jamesianum, D. infundibulum, and D. longicornu grow and flower well on the north side of our Dendrobium-house at the cooler end, the bottom ventilator near them being left open night and day during the warm weather. D. Cambridge- anum is allowed to flower in this house, it being afterwards taken into the house where the Lycastes are grown and hung up near the glass until spring, when it starts to grow, it being then taken back into the Dendrobium-house proper. Epidendrum arach- noglossum, E. xanthinum, and Cyitopodium punc- tatum all enjoy the sunny house in which the Den- drobiums grow, and Tbunias grow and flower well here also. There arc some Dendrobiums which are found to do best when started in more heat than those already named, and taken into a cooler house when they have nearly finished their growths. Run- ning out on one side of our Phalcenopsis-house is a narrow very sharp pitched span-house, in which such Dendrobes are suspended from the roof : here they have the same temperature as the Phalsenopsis at night and in dull weather ; but when the sun shines the shading is put on for a lime in ihe morning and rolled up early in the afternoon, so that the Dendro- biums have plenty of sun without its doing harm to the other plants in the house. The following are those that we treat in this way : — D. Ainsworthii x , D. albo-sanguineum, D. Bensonise, D. bigibbum, D. Brymerianum, D. llarryanum, D. Lowii, D. luteolum, D. McCarthise, D. Phalaenopsis, D. rhodostoma, D. splendidissimum, D. superbiens, D. Dearei, D. devonianum, D. endocharis, D. Findleyanum, D. formosum giganteum, and a few others. As bright warm days may now be expected keep plenty of moisture about Ihe Dendrobes. A very simple way lo charge Ihe air with moisture is to take a well pack ed syringe, and placing one finger over the jet, exert pressure sufficient to disperse a very fine spray on to Ihe roof, at ihe same time walking backwards, and not directing Ihe water on to the planis, but letting it fall all around. The plants are not injured in the least, [although Ihe sun may be shining holly, if Ihe shading be of the thinnest. It has been necessary recently to keep the fires going in the warm divisions of Ihe Orchid-houses, so as to keep the East Indian house at about 70° at night, and the Cattleya-house with a little air admitted at about 65°. The venti- lators in Ihe Odontoglossum and Masdevallia houses can be left open night and day. A. Woolford, Downside, Lsathcrhead. SEAK ALE. That intended for forcing should be looked over, and where there are more than two growths lo a plant the surplus ones must be removed ; and if extra fine Kale be desired, one growth only should be retained, and any flower-spikes that may make their appearance should also be cut out. Keep the ground clean between the planis by hoeing until the leaves meet overhead. As a top-dressing (or this plant apply nitrate of soda at the rate of from 4 to 5 cwt. per acre. Globe Artichokks. These will now be throwing up their flower-spikes, and also a quantity of suckers ; and with ihe object of throwing as much strength as possible into the blooms, the latter should be removed, with the ex- ception of from three to four for next year's yield. Great advantage would result if during dry weather these could be copiously watered with liquid-manure, and afterwards mulched with rotten dung. In some instances it will be found necessary to thin out, not only a portion of the flower-spikes, but also some of the too thickly placed flower-buds, in order to obtain large, fleshy, well-developed flower-heads. Asparagus. As a rule, cutting for this season will have ceased ; the beds therefore, should be thoroughly] cleared of weeds before Ihe foliage has become too dense. This may be accomplished eilher by a light sufficient top- dressing of salt, or by hoeing and hand-weeding ; and in any case a good top-dressing of " Fish," or some other approved artificial manure, should be applied after discontinuing culling. This is the most effica- cious and best method of applying a stimulant lo Asparagus during summer. When means and coi:- venience will allow, waterings of liquid-manure or sewage during hot weather would be most beneficial, and its effects more bsting ; but as applications of this kind could only be possible in certain cases, and under certain condiiions, top-dressing, as described above, is the most practical, and therefore most gen- erally adopted method of summer dressing. Where the aftergrowth is very luxuriant, and attains some considerable height, and is consequently exposed lo the (orce of the wind, some support should be given, either by stakes and lying, or by placing foiked stakes amongst the foliage, similar to those used for Peas. Failing eilher of these methods, the latest ard most exposed growths can be shortened from 2 lo 3 feet with a knife. Vegetaiile Marrows. Those that were planted in dung-frames for an early supply, and that have been allowed to run from under them, can now have the lights and frames removed entirely. Clear away all old discoloured leaves and weakly growths, and regulate and pfg down the leading shoots, that they may root and assist the parent plant. Ridge Cucumbers will like- wise require attention in much Ihe same way, and both will want plenty of water during hot weather. Herbs, &c. Shallots and Garlic will soon be ready to lift, which will be apparent by the withering of the foliage ; after being pulled they should remain on the ground for a few days, in order to get firm and thoroughly dry, and afterwards cleaned over and stored. All herbs required for use in a dry slate must be cut as they come into bloom, and should be spread thinly on boards in any dry airy structure, and kept turned until thoroughly dry, when they are best tied up into convenient bunches and hung in a suitable place ready for use. General Work. This will mainly consist of attention to growing crops, in removing all refuse, and clearing the ground from a previous crop and preparing it for a succes- sional one. Borders being cleared of Cauliflowers, after being forked over, come in well for French Beans, Early Horn Carrots, &c., for late autumn supply. After early Potatos, Turnips, small kinds of Summer Cabbage, Coleworts, &c., make a good succession. The two last-named can be pricked out from 3 to 4 inches apart, in rows a foot asunder, and afterwards thinned to proper distances for successional purposes. Plant out all kinds of Kale, Broccoli, Cauliflowers, and also a lale batch of Brussels Sprouts. Watering. This will be necessary during hot weather, particu larly in Ihe case of newly transplanted subjects and seed beds ; and in the event of continued dry hot weather some of the more permanent crops will also be much benefited by liberal supplies of water, which when once commenced must be regularly given until rain falls. All watering outside should be done as late in the day as possible, and the water used for the purpose should, if possible, have been exposed to the action of Ihe sun and air. John Auslen, Witky Court. Oranges in Valencia and Cordoba. — The Orange crops in Valentia, Spain, appear lo be suffering much from the compeiuion from ihe large and increasing crops from Florida and Californi?, thereby closing the United Slates markets to ihe Valencia crop. The loss of this outlet causes exces- sive exporlation to Great Britain, and consequently unremuneralive results. The quantity of Oranges exported from Valencia during the season from November to June amounted to about 2,000,000 cases. From Cordoba, however, the bitter Orange is exported in increasing quantities. It is much grown in this district, and during the last five years the produce grown has increased from 2000 boxes to 6000 ; one box contains 500 Oranges. They are all shipped to London and Liverpool, and are used for making marmalade. i6 THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. [July 3, 1886. APPOINTMENTS FOR THE ENSUING WEEK. r Show of the National Rose Society, at :stablished Orchids, Tuesday, f Show of the National R I, 1 . « J J^outh Kensington ■l"'>^°'i Sale of Imported and Esta ( at Prothcroe & Morris' K ihow (two days). Richmond (Surrey) Horticullural Society's ) Summer Show. Wednesday, July 7 i Wimbledon and District Horticultural Society's Show. Sale of Imported Orchids from Messrs. Shuttleworth, Carder & Co., and others, at Stevens' Room. Show ol the Royal Horticultural Society of Sale of Imported Orchids from Mr. Morris' Rooms. A SUMMER sun, an extensive and varied exhibition should render the Provincial Show of the Royal Horticultural Society at Liverpool a great success. At any rate the Society deserves to succeed, for it has gone into the matter with spirit. Mr. Barron has worked with his usual quiet energy and careful method, and he is well seconded by his staff, and by that of the Liverpool Botanic Garden. The exhibition held in Wavertree Park, adjoin- ing the Botanic Garden, and in communication with the " Shipperies," was formally opened on Tuesday last by Sir David Radclyffe, the Mayor, at the request of Sir Trevor Law- rence, the President. Some complimentary remarks passed between the two notables, and the opportuneness of so agreeable a neutral ground being provided for thewarring politicians of the time and place was appropriately com- mented upon by both speakers. The exhibition is, as we have said, large and varied. If we miss some features which render the Ghent Quin- quennials so remarkable — the Palms, the Cycads, the Tree Ferns, the outdoor exhibits — these defi- ciencies are in a measure supplied by the adja- cent Botanic Garden, upon which we have reported in a previous number. The details of the show must be looked for in another column ; but we may here allude to some of the more pro- minent features. The principal part of the exhibition is held in a huge tent of four bays, well filled and well arranged, but from its flatness lacking variety on a first impression ; the canvas covering it is too opaque, and in dull weather would seriously interfere with the effect, but under a broiling sun, such as we had on Tuesday and Wednesday, this was of little consequence. Other tents are devoted to fruit, vegetables, cut flowers, and miscellanea, while in the grounds are implements, boilers, and the farrago of varie- ties one generally sees on such occasions. Foremost we must mention the Orchids. These are mainly contributed from the neigh- bourhood of Liverpool, and they constitute a display never before equalled at a provincial ihow of the Society. Mr. Hardy takes the lion's share of the honours, followed by Mr. Harvey. The former gentleman wins the 25 guinea cup — Lancashire " t'e coop." Next to the Orchids the most important ex- hibit is constituted by the Crotons exhibited by Messrs. Ker, of Liverpool. These are magni- ficent plants, well coloured and well grown. Stove and greenhouse plants are fairly well re- presented by well grown, well bloomed speci- mens, and Ferns, excepting Tree Ferns, are well shown. British Ferns prove their right to take part in such displays, and Messrs. Backhouse's filmy Ferns constitute the most remarkable collection of the kind for variety and numbers that we ever remember on such occasions. Messrs. R. P. Ker & SONS send a group of Bromeliads that makes one wonder why our exhibitors do not more often show these plants. Messrs. J. Laing & Co. show a fine lot of Caladiums. New plants, to our regret and surprise, are scarcely repre- sented, and together with the comparative absence of Palms, Tree Ferns, Cycads, and the like, testify to the change that has come over public horticultural displays of late — a change which, while it favours a few specialties, such as Orchids, Roses, and market-plants tends to ignore subjects of more general and varied interest ; but this is an accident of fashion and of commerce. Herbaceous plants are exceedingly well rep- resented by choice collections from Messrs. Backhouse, Paul & Sons, and Harvey. Messrs. Barron & Son of Elvaston, con- tribute a fine collection of choice well grown specimens — Conifers in tubs — one of the finest exhibits in the show, though not comprising much novelty. The same firm also shows a small but fine collection of standard and other Hollies. Tree Carnations are well shown, especially by Mr. Leopold de Rothschild ; Mr. Turner of Slough has also a good set. Cut flowers comprise Roses, in which the Tea section is splendidly represented. A glorious set of Paeonies is shown by Messrs. James Dickson, of Chester ; and Messrs. Kelway, of Langport, have also a fine lot. Bouquets and table decorations comprisenothing of special importance, the good ones are light, feathery, with the flowers well individualised ; the bad ones are, as usual, lumpy and crowded. Fruit is weakly represented, and vegetables, though of excellent quality, are in smaller quan- tities than we expected. Garden literature, a novel feature in these exhibitions, was very poorly represented, very few of the curiosities of literature being repre- sented, and modern books being only imper- fectly shown. Landscape - garden plans were numerous, some very ill suited for the purpose, but others, though presenting no special feature, apparently well designed. Mrs. CUSSONS showed some bold, free draw- ings of Roses on panels, and Mrs. Harry Turner may be recommended for her vase, decorated with a painting of Jackman's Cle- matis, but other exhibitors in this class were scarcely up to the mark, and some ill-advised persons must needs deface and obscure looking- glasses by attempting to paint flowers on them. Messrs. Carter & Co. show a nice collection ol annuals ; Messrs. Jas. Dickson & Sons, and Messrs. Barron of Elvaston, have a fine series of ornamental foliage trees which makes us wonder such beautiful and interesting plants are so much neglected. Messrs. Veitch's group of miscellaneous plants was deservedly admired, consisting of a background of noble Anthuriums, such as Veitchianum, Warocqueanum, and others, with masses of Hydrangea paniculata grandiflora, Hsemanthus hirsutus, the white variety ; a small group of carnivorous plants in fresh con- dition, the blue Exacum macranthum, Nephro- lepis rufescens tripinnatifidum, and other choice plants being interspersed. The greenhouses and boilers present nothing that we need note in a general sketch like this, but Messrs. Weeks show a very ingenious arrangement for healing a living room. It con- sists of an arrangement of water-tubes at the back ; the fire is open by day, and at night by the application of a couvre feu, or curfew, is converted into a slow combustion apparatus, by means of which the heat is retained for a long period without need of attention to the fire. For a full report of the exhibition, and the meetings held in connection with it, we may refer to other columns of this issue. The results of the competition for the Prizes TO Young Gardeners offered by this journal and presented at Liverpool on Wednesday last by the President of the Royal Horticultural Society, as reported in another column, are, on the whole, very satisfactory. Considering the number of candidates there are very few essays that can be considered bad ; almost all attained what we may call a fair average, and a few were certainly considerably above what could fairly have been expected. In estimating the value of the papers we bore in mind the opportunities, circumstances, and positions of young gardeners in general, and we laid special stress, by allotting double marks to evidences of original or independent ob- servation, and to the application of the facts of botany and vegetable physiology to practical cultivation. The essays were all sent in marked by a motto or other device by which the writer could be identified, an envelope marked in a similar way, and containing the writer's real name and address, being sent with the essays. None of these envelopes, except those belonging to the successful candidates, have been opened. As usual on such occa- sions, there was little relative difficulty in allotting the first and second prizes, but much more in determining which should take third place. In fact, there were several that were nearly equal, and it required repeated exami- nations to determine which was entitled to precedence. Of the remaining essays little need be said. Some were good in some points, weak in others, few or none wholly bad. Many of them are defective in the knowledge of root- structure, the long-exploded notion of " spon- gioles," unfortunately retained in many modern gardening books, being still adhered to. This points to a defect in many garden books which we have often had occasion to note. From what we have seen, we feel confident that all the candidates will have been benefited by the competition. It has evidently called forth their powers ofobservation, excited their interest, awakened new ideas in their minds, and brought home to them a sense of what they had less perfectly realised before — the cardinal im- portance of the root and its action in matters pertaining to the cultivation of plants. If this be so, and we believe it is, then not one of the candidates will regret having entered upon the competition. Some have discovered that " Science " is, after all, only orderly knowledge, and now express their surprise at the opinion held by some that there is anything antago- nistic between knowledge and practice, as if the best practitioner were not he who combines the fullest knowledge of his subject with the greatest capacity of applying it in practice. The 1st prize oi £10 is awarded to — P. Sewell, Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh ; whose paper is very good, and illustrated by excellent drawings. The 2d prize of £% is awarded to — Harry A. Bunyard, Royal Horticultural Society's Garden, Chiswick. The 3d prize of £2 is adjudged to — John Duncan, Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh. All the essays whose receipt has been acknowledged have been read and re-read, and in some cases read a third time. The three first, to which prizes were awarded, have been already mentioned. Two of them were illustrated by excellent drawings. The followiog comments have been made on those which failed to reach the prize standard. Many of these are nevertheless very meritorious, and they have been classed in three groups, as under : — First-clast. " Industry is the Key to Progress " : relatively deficient in cultural matters. — *'Adscriptus glebae" shows unusually good knowledge of what a root really is, but is weak in cultural matters. — "Altiora Peto " and " Spes et Perseverantia " must have worked in the same garden, if not at the same desk.— "Primrose": a good essay, but smacking too much of mere book learning. — "May Flower": a good essay, which would have attained a higher place bad the writer not wandered so much from the subjects laid down ia the programme, " May Flower " has evidently acquired much information, and we hope we may meet with him again as a writer. — " Tantus Amor Florum " sends a good paper, especially in the practical portions. > > r r July 3, «886.] THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. 17 Second-class. ' ' Vinca " : a good practical paper, but the chemistry would have been better omitted. — "Bucks" shows considerable powers of observation, but his inferences are often questionable. — " Strathearn " shows a good Th ird- class. " Nihil " need not apologise for his handwriting, which, if not elegant, at least is legible — a matter of much greater consequence ; " Perseverance," good in cultural matters, but otherwise defective; "Ficotee" Ilex ; " " Omega " " thinks he has said enough ;" is that why he uses the last letter of the Greek alpha- bet for his device ? He has evidently taken pains, but under the circumstances he (vi)l not be surprised if we do not class him A I. " Water-pot " : your knowledge of root-form. Query, did not the ice form on the germinating seed ? What proof is there that the seed actually germinated in the ice ? — ** I. J. C." is commended for what he has done, but he has overlooked many points ; a similar remark applies to "Excelsior," who will have to get higher yet, though he seems to be on the right track. aslcs for sympathy and encouragement, and he de- serves it — his knowledge of root-action is good, but he has not sufficiently brought out its application to practice; " Caractacus," " Lady Dell," " A Would- be Botanist," " Whittingtonian," "Ad Valorem" demand no special note. Unclassed. "Nil Desperandum I." (nine pages); " Quercus can wants filling up. " Perseverance leads to Success": so it does, "Tibolt's" practice to his superior officer we cannot commend. " Nil Desperandum II." (five pages) : we agree that you should have a good groundwork to root in, and we commend the spirit of observation and experi- ment you manifest. Let your practice be based on correct observation and judicious experiment, and you 7HE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE I July 3, 1S86. will never despair. "Dendrobium densiflorum " has apparently got his information from some obsolete book ; his notions of the action of roots require, in many respects '* radical reformation." "Beginner" is no doubt right when he says that if we understood better how plants grow naturally, we should be more successful in growing thetn. " Nil Desperandum III." (five pages) should certainly not despair, but he will have to improve his knowledge of root structure and action. " Natura est aitis magistra " has a fair know- ledge of structure, but some departments are not touched at all ; " Cambrian " is short indeed ; "Live and Learn " — we hope he will ; " .Salopian " goes a little too far when he assigns consciousness .^nd thought to roots. The remaining essays do net call for special remark, John Leech's Pictures.— In reply to a desire very generally expressed that the date of execution should be appended to each of JOH.N Leech's pictures, we learn that the publishers intend to provide this information in a comprehensive index at the end of each of the volumes, so as not to con- fuse and in some degree disfigure the pages by the continual intrusion of dates. Excursion of Belgian Horticultur- ists.— A Belgian tourists' agent is about to per- sonally conduct a party of horticulturists to London, its environs, and some of the midland and western counties, including Elvaston, Chatswotth, Liverpool, Eaton Hall, Trentham, &c. The date fixed is from July 15 to July 25. The programme sketched out for the excursionists has been furnished by " I'honor- able Sir Robert Hogg." It is to be regretted that our Belgian visitors did not time their visit so as to be present at the Liverpool show. The Colonial Exhibition does not figure on the programme. The Boiler Contest at Liverpool Show. — An account ot this compeiiaon will appear in our issue for next week, the trials taking place too late for the publication of results this week. Wellingtonia GiganteA.— O. O. Wrig- ley, Esq., Bridge Hall, Bury, Lancashire, sends us a photograph taken by his son, and which we now reproduce (fig. 4, p. 17) of one of eight Wellingtonias now growing in his sister's gar- den at Wansfell, Windermere. These eight speci- mens were purchased in the autumn of 1S64, and were so small when planted that an old man and boy car- ried them on a hand-barrow from a local nursery garden situated about a mile oft'. The specimen which is here represented is now 40 feet in height, has a trunk circumference of S feet, at I J foot above the ground, and its spread of branches close to the ground is quite 10 feet all round. Another specimen out of the same lot is an equally noble looking tree, being 42 feet high, S^ feet round the trunk, and is one mass of greenery from its summit to the ground, Paper Pulp fbo.m Yucca brevifolia.— An English company started in San Francisco for the purpose of converting the Yucca brevifolia into paper puip, has, it is said, suspended operations for the present, the venture having proved unsuccessful. Notwithstanding the failure of this company, it is confidently stated that the business can and will yet be made to pay handsomely. Result of the Nitrate of Soda Prize. — The following has been forwarded to us for publi- cation :— Carrying out the scheme ot prizes offered by the committee of the Saltpetre Producers' Associa- tion (Comite Salitero at Iquique, Chili) for the best popular essay treating of the importance of nitrate of soda as a manure, and the best mode of its applica- tion, the judges — Professor L. Grandeau, Nancy, France ; Professor Adolf Mayer, Wageningen, Holland ; Professor D. Petermann, Gembloux, Belgium ; Professor G. Thoms, Riga, Russia ; Professor Paul \Vagner. Darmstadt, Germany ; Mr. R. Warington, Rothamsted, England— have examined the essays sent in, namely, thirteen Ger- man, thirteen English, and four French, and have made the following awards : — i. To the essay with motto " Grau, theurer Freund, ist alle Theorie," a partial prize of ;£ 350 (7000 marks). 2. To the essay with the motto, " Pour pratiquer I'agricuUure . , , ," a partial prize of ;^I5o (3000 marks). On opening the accompanying envelopes the author of the first essay was found to be Dr. A, Stutzer, Principal of the Agricultural Experimental Station at Bonn; and the author of the second essay, M. A. Damseaux, Professor in the Agricultural Academy at Gembloux. It should be remembered that essays competing for the second part of the prize offered — namely, .1(^500 for the best essay treating of the same subject on the basis of new, personal, experimental investigations — must be sent to one of the above-named judges on or before January i, 1SS7. Leschenaultia biloea, — Notwithstanding all the panegyrical statements that have been made with regard to the various species of this genus, and especially the one under notice, they continue to be meagrely represented in British gardens. The same thing applies to the whole order Goodenoviece con- taining some highly beautiful and extremely interest- ing little plants, generally considered difficult to cultivate. This is the fault of L. biloba, figured in the Botanical Rci^isier, 2S, 2, and flowering in the temperate-house pits at Kew. The deep blue flowers with a yellow bearded throat are really fascinating. The corolla of course is split to the base on one side, and the wedge shaped, unequal sized segments are deeply bifid at the apex, with a tooth in the notch. The whole plant does not exceed a foot in height, and is much branched, with slender twiggy branches densely clothed with linear very small leaves. Careful attention must be given not to over-water this and allied plants. Veitch & Sons of Exeter, who firU flowered this species in Britain, obtained a large Silver Medal for it from the Horticultural Society. The name was formerly spelt Lechenaultia, and L. Drummondi and L. grandiflora are synonyms of this species. Colonial and Indian Exhibition.— At the Conference held on Wednesday, June 30, Pro- fessor W. Fream read a paper on "Colonial Forestry," in which, after referring to the inquiries of the Select Committee on Forestry, and to the scheme which had been submitted to it by the Secre- tary of the Surveyors' Institution, respecting a national school of forestry, he proceeded to deal with the present condition of forestiy in the larger colonies. In Canada there is need of conservation of existing forests, and of tree planting over the vast prairie regions ; several of the provincial goverments have already moved in the matter, and everything now seems ripe for the establishment of a department of forest conservancy under the Dominion Government. In New South Wales the Forest Conservancy Branch is under the Minister of Mines, and was established in 1S77, There are 5,390,513 acres of land set apart as timber reserves, equivalent to 2.7 per cent, of the area of the colony. The salaries and expenses of the officers of the conservancy amount to nearly ^10,000 per annum. The total expenditure from 1S77 to 1SS4 was ^^75,923, the revenue, .1^85,992. Nurseries are being established for the propagation of the most suitable trees, indi- genous and foreign. In Victoria, 952,367 acres of State forests, and 285,334 acres of timber reserves are, in conformity with the State Forests Conservancy Act, placed under the Department of Agriculture, but even this area is not commensurate with the de- mand for timber for industrial purposes. In 1SS3, the revenue from woods and forests was ;^S58o, and expenditure ;£253S. In South Australia, the Forest Conservancy is under the Commissioner of Crown Lands, and was established in 1S76, since when the revenue has practically balanced the expenditure, and upwards of one and a half million trees have been added to the property of the Colony at an actual cash disbursement of only about ^ 2000. The approxi- mate value of permanent improvements is /^iI5,ooo The area devoted to forest purposes is 150,000 acres. In 1884 the Conservancy distributed gratis more than 200,000 young trees, at least half of which survived transplantation, and cost the Colony less than \d. each. In Queensland there are twenty forest rangers under the Department of Public Lands, with 1,572,752 acres of proclaimed timber reserves, and 202,575 acres of reserves for State forests. One reserve is used as a plantation for growing seedlings for distribution. In New Zealand, out of a total area of 66,394,400 acres, 34 million acres of Crown lands still remain, of which 10 million acres are forest. Under the New Zealand State Forests Act, 1S85, a Forestry Department has just been started, and is placed under a responsible Minister of the Crown, who acts as Commissioner of Stale Forests, The Government assists planting on the part of landowners, by subsidy or otherwise, loCape Colony, by an Act passed in 1S76, public bodies are allowed half their expenses in tree cultivation. There is a Superintendent of Woods and Forests, and conservancies have been established at Knysna, King William's Town, and in the Western Division. To encourage planting, over one million trees are raised annually in nurseries, and distributed gratis or at low rates. It is believed that the Crown Forests would, if regularly and carefully worked, pro- duce a revenue of at least ;/^235, 000, the sum which leaves the colony every year to pay for imported wood — for imported railway sleepers alone, ^^83,000 was expended in 1SS3, ,^44,000 in 18S4, on American and Swedish timber. In Australia and Cape Colony, English forest trees are being successfully cultivated. In all the Colonies the reckless waste and wanton destruction of former days have given place to wise systems of conservancy, such as are worthy of tree- loving people. Gardening Appointment, — Mr. Thomas Townend, lately under Mr. Glen, Wentworth Woodhouse, Rotherham, has been appointed Gar- denertothe Hon. Lady Alice Ewing, Coed-Derwen, Bettws-y-Coed, North Wales. DISEASE OF LARCH AND PINE SEEDLINGS. The accompanying letter, from Mr. Brace, of Salbris, was sent to the Editor with numerous ex- amples of diseased infant Larch and Pine plants which had just emerged (in sime instances only half emerged) from the seed-coats : — " The few Pine seedlings forwarded to the Editor of the Gardeners Chronicle are of this season's sowing, and are attacked by a virulent form of fungus. I would feel greatly obliged if you could kindly aid in identifying the fungus, and give me any information as to the cause of its appearance, &c. I attribute it cliiefiy to the unusually cold and wet .<;eason that we have had. It has been felt most severely in the seeds of P. Laricio, in which I have lost fully 25 per cent.; but it attacks also P. sylvestris and P. austriaca as well. At present it seems to be dying out, but I am still in great fear of its breaking out again. Now that a little dry weather has set in I am about to try the effect of flowers of sulphur out of a sulphurator, as the only remedy that I can think of as likely to succeed. A plant that is visibly attacked seldom shows signs of life after the third or fourth day. It does not attack transplanted seedlings. My partner, Mr. David Cannon, forwarded samples both to Paris and Versailles for identification, but it seems to be hitherto unknown." Our correspondent's letter speaks for itself, it cor- rectly describes the presence of a virulent fungus which grows in the cotyledons and even in the radicle of the infant plants. The fungus has perfected itself and burst through the cotyledons ; in some instances before the latter bodies were free from the seed- coat. The accompanying illustration (fig. 5, p. 19) shows at A one of the infant plants with the disease spots, natural size. At n the junction of the base of the cotyledons with the radicle is shown, enlarged 10 diameters ; here the burst condition of the cotyledons is clearly seen. At c portion of the same part of the attacked plant is shown, enlarged 40 diameters ; and at D free spores are shown, enlarged 400'diameters. The action of the fungus is to completely exhaust and drain the cotyledons, and leave them in a condi- tion like tinder. The diseased seedlings of course all die. The fungus on the Latch seedlings is Cseoma laricis ; that on the Corsican Pine, C. pinitorquum the Silver Fir is attacked by C. Abietis pectinatse. All three species are closely allied, and the disease spots to the unaided eye look like minute "red-rust ' patches. Mr. Brace's letter is of great importance, as it adds one more instance to the many brought forward by me of parasitic diseases being hereditary in plants, or, in other words, of the germs of the disease being present in the seeds, and so reproducing the disease in the seedling. In bad cases the seedlings die, in mild cases {i.c.^ where the seeds are slightly diseased) a diseased progeny is the result. The fungus in this instance must have existed in the seeds before they were planted, or the quite perfect fungus could not have thus effectually destroyed them almost at the moment of germination. Wort/nu^tcn G. Smi/A, DunstabUt Jt'LV 3, iSS6.] THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. 19 PEACH -WALL TREE COVERS AND THEIR MANAGEMENT UN- HEATED. Owing to the pattui failure of the Peach crop on walls of 1S79 and previous years, I obtained the con- sent of my employer to have erected one of the above structures. I consulted Mr. Hope, of 55, Lionel Street, Birmingham, our horticultural builder, «ho submitted a plan and estimate fur the same, which were highly satislactory, and were accepted. I give the end elevations of the structure to show the ven- tilation, which I consider so necessary (see fig. 6). The total length is 140 feet, and 5 feet wide ; it is constructed of red deal, and glazed with 21-oz. glass; the front wall is arched, so that the trees have pleiiiy of root-room. It is provided with ample ventilation, as all the lights open both top and front, the means of ventilation being of the most approved system of shifting levers and screws. The back wall is wired, and planted with Hale's Early, Royal George, and Walburton Admirable Peaches j Lord Napier, EIruge, and Pitmaston Orange Nectarines. The whole length of front is planted with May Duke Cherries, trained as cordons, on four wires running the length of the house, I had another of these most most useful structures erected in January, 1SS4, of which I give a section to show the means of venti- lation (see fig. 7). This is upright, the same width as the other, and 96 feet in length. This is also well provided for in the way of ventilation by the same means as the other, with this e.\cep- tioD, that a portion of the front lights are fixtures. The back wall of this is planted with a bee, Prince of Wales, Walburton Admirable, and Lord Palmerston Peaches, Pitmiston Orange, Prince of Wales, Humboldt, and EIruge Nectarines. The front of this I use for growing a large qu.Tntily of Tomatos in pots. I have given a full description of both these tree bowers, as I have no choice between them, the one being equally as good as the other for the purpose they are intended for. Now a few words as to their management. After the pruning, tying in of the trees, and whatever other work is required to be done, I always keep the ventilatiors open day and night, so as to keep the trees as backward as possible, and do not close them till the bloom can no longer be kept back, I give the borders a good soaking of water before the trees come into bloom, and afterwards keep them thoroughly dry till the fruit is all set. By doing this a good crop of fruit can always be obtained from these structures. The apparent loss of time in the early part of the season can be made up by early closing after the fruit is all set, and so help them forward in this way. I always find the fruit from these structures of large size, beautiful in colour, and of the highest flavour, and are much appreciated, and they can be either for- warded or retarded accordmg to requirements. The supply with us from other he.ated Peach-houses and these structures generally continues from the first or second week in May till the end of October. I should say that the kitchen garden here lies very high, therefore exposed, and all crops are very late in consequence. I need not enter into further detail of their after management throughout the season a^ it is precisely the same as other Peach-houses, but the few remarks I have made I find in practice of the utmost importance till after the fruit is set, and for a permanent structure I can highly recommend either of these kinds of Peaeh wall tree covers. Edward Ward, Hcwell Gardens, Bronisgrovt. Home j;!of(F{E3Pondence. Liliums. — A week ago, after a month's absence in Scotland, I looked over our Lilies. My friend, Mr. M'lntosh, many years ago established the fact, that whatever the season may be, L. auratum and a good many other species will bloom year after year if planted among healthy Rhododendrons, the reason, I believe, being that the Rhododendron leaves shelter the young shoots from April and May frosts, and from what is still more dangerous, bright sunshine after them. Whjn gardeners speak to me about difficulties with Lilies, I recommend them to keep to this safe ground, that is, when not many dozen plants are required. But as our experiments have for years past been in the direction of growing Lilies more in masses, and as this has been an unusually trying season, I think that you may like to have some of the results we have arrived at. Having acquired a strip of wood at our cottage garden near here, we, three years ago, dug out the soil for some large beds about 5 feet deep, made a sheltering bank of the natural soil, filled up the holes with good Lily soil, and planted a number of L. auratum bulbs. These were successful : therefore the following year we made more similar beds and planted them with L. auratum, L. speciosum, L. tigrinum, L. elegans, L. Kraraeri, L. Batemani, and L. longiflorum. These prosper- ing, we last year made another large bed, and planted it with L. auratum. In all these beds the Lilies, with the exception of L. longiflorum, look as healthy as if they had had the advantage of Rhodo- dendron shelter. There is no protection overhead, but the surrounding wood was thick enough to protect the plants from the bright sunshine in May which follow the night frosts. At Oakwood, Wisby, two beds — in which L. auratum had come up con- stantly stronger, in one since iSSi, the other since 18S2— have a good many Lilies damaged. Some L cordifolium, which had fine strong shoots at the Fig. 5.— disease of larch and i beginning of May, were killed to the ground, while L.'giganteum,justoppositethem, had the leaves, which were then developed frosted, and looked bad ; they have, however, thrown up their flower-spikes, and hardly show where they were damaged: I think it may be taken as a fact from our experience of over a good many years, that L. cordifolium, unless planted where evergreens will protect it from sun after spring frosts, requires the protection of Fir boughs or similar shading. I had an instance of the efticacy of light protection in the case of two lots of Valotta purpurea planted near the water's edge. Over these we placed common wicker coops with bracken interlaced. Most of the bulbs are all right. A wren made her nest in the Fern of one of the coops, and brought up her young. Even some of the North American Lilies, pardalinums, &c., have some shoots frosted, though in some beds these Lilies are untouched. In the narrow field of L. auratum, where the protecting cut furze fences are not high, thus giving but little pro- tection from weather, most of the Lilies seem to have done better than where they had more, though in- sufficient shelter. For some years past the winters have not been severe enough to try Lilies fairly, bu* I think last winter may be taken as above an average one as a test. If you care to have them I hope to send a few further notes when more of the Lilies have flowered. [We do care.] We planted L, tenuilolium in all sorts of roils and situations. It has bloomed on all through with different strength ; it will require another year in the ground before the best treatment can be ascertained. I will close this note by saying that a few days back I saw a stem of L. Krameri in one of Mr. M'Intosh's Rhododendron beds with nine flower buds. It may be remembered that when this Lily was introduced it was considered one-flowered ; I ventured to predict that as it strengthened it would have more flowers, but no one ever dreamed of nine. George F. Wilson. Royal Horticultural Society's Certificates.— In the interest of gardening I am always ready to protest when a well-known plant receives a First-class Certificate under a new name. Such is the case with the plant lately certificated as Pioronicum Dray- tonense. This plant was described and figured in the Gardeners' Chronicle on the authority of one of the staff at Kew, about three years ago, by the name Doronicum plantagineum var. excelsum. Before and since that time it has been largely distributed under the name of " Harpur Crewe." It is supposed to have appeared as a spontaneous seedling in that gentle- man's garden about ten years ago ; and in accordance with the rule proposed by some influential members of the Royal Horticultural Society that garden varie- ties should be called by fancy names, has generally been called in gardens " Harpur Crewe." If, ho»v- ever, it is to have a Latin varietal name, the name given to it at Kew ought to have the preference. C. Wolky Dod, [A good figure was given in our pages, September S, 1SS3, and a description at p. 230 of the same volume. Under these circumstances, by the action of the law of priority, it should be called D. plantagineum var. excelsum, and the name Dray- tonense suppressed. Ed.] Protea cynaroides.— This is the most remarkable of all the species for the size of its flowers, which are almost as broad as the crown of a man's hat, though the stem is often not more than a foot high ; their colour is a pale pink, found on flats and on top of Table Mountain. There are plants at Kew from seed collected by Miss North in 1S83. It is stated that Mr. Hubbard grew his plant in a cold north greenhouse. W. ]Valson. Schizopetalum Walkeri. — A few days ago we came upon a single specimen of this plant in flower growing under a Peach wall (outside) with a southern aspect, and among a lot of young Cabbage plants and weeds. Would you kindly say in the journal whether the plant has become lately more naturalised in this country, or whether it is of rare occurrence. I presume the seed comes over with Wheat from Chili. We have always had a good deal of Claytonia perfoliata in this garden for the last fifty years. S. Walkeri has never been seen before. "Liverpool," [We have never heard of this plant becoming naturalised. Ee.] Tulips late in Flowering.— How unusually late the florists' Tulips have been in flowering this season is shown from the fact that Mr. S. Barlow, J. P., writing from Stakehill House, on June 21, writes : " During all my experience of thirty-seven years at this late locality I have never seen a Tulip so late in the season as June 20 before this year, and to-day, June 21, I am sending off several boxes to my friends of good, late, sound Tulips." One of these reached me by parcel post, containing some two dozen fine fresh flowers — bizarres, roses, and byblcemens, with some charming breeders, and they look as if they will keep in water in a cool place for several days to come. R. D. Ferns. — I have this week had the pleasure of examining a very beautiful variety of Adiantum gracillimum. It was a seedling in the collection of Mr. E. Moorhouse, gardener to Mr. G. H. Nelson, The Lawn, Warwick. It is even more delicate and graceful than its parent. The ribs are perfectly black, while the frond is a charming light green — so ex- quisits that no one could fail to be struck by its beauty. In the same greenhouse I noticed a large number of Adiantum pellucidum, which has the peculiarity of being scented. It was growing very freely, although I understand it is somewhat scarce. Lloyd Evans, IVarioiek, Gloxinias. — I am not in the least surprised at th e information given concerning these in the Gardeners^ Chronicle, at p. 798, by Mr. Lloyd Evans. There were many plants of Mr. Alan Bone's "remarkable hundred," which had considerably more blooms than the average number I specified, especially had I con- sidered the flowers which were coming open. During the past week I have inspected the gardens of Sir George Stucley, Bart., at Bideford, and amongst the many beautiful subjects to be found there is an ex- tensive collection of Gloxinias which averaged quite 20 THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. QuLY 3, i886. fifty flowers per specimen. We have indeed arrived at a high standard of excellence in gardening, and it is gratifying to chronicle such meritorious handiwork as this. W. Napper. THE ORCHID CONFERENCE AT LIVERPOOL. This gathering, excited much interest among those present. Manyof the Council were present, including several growers and many versed in the general prin- ciples of nomenclature, and engaged in their applica- tion. Sir Trevor Lawrence, the President of the Society, occupied the chair, and cleared the ground by defining the limitations of the subject and the ob- .jects to be attained. He regretted the unavoidable absence of Piof. Reicbenbach on an occasion of this kind. On resuming his seat, the Chairman called upon Mr. Ridley, of the Botanical Department, British Museum, to introduce the subject of the nomen- clature of orchids, which he did in the following terms : — Mr. Ridley :— I do not think that there can be any doubt but that the state of the nomenclature of Orchids at the present day leaves much to be desired in the way of simplification. The immense size of the order, numbering upwards of 5000 recorded species, the intricacy of the synonymy and the rapidity with which the number of known species has been in- creasing during the last few years, accounts for this in great measure. It has been almost impossible for our orchidologists, few as they have been, to arrange or sys- tematise to any extent, the species of any of the larger genera in an accessible form, on account of the very constant and rapid accessions to our knowledge of the species. The result of this is that everyyear the difficul- ties increase, and seem likely to do so until some botanist shall arise who will devote himself to the humble but important task of sweeping up the scattered works of past generations, and sorting and arranging them in a simple and easily consultable form. The whole group of Orchids may be roughly divided into non-cultural and cultural species. By the former I mean plants which, though interesting in themselves, are not considered worthy of culture, and which are, therefore, chiefly known from herbarium specimens. These, as a rule, present no difficulty to a systematist, owing to their smaller amount of synonymy and usually more careful de- scriptions, as well as to the fact that typical specimens are almost always to be found in one or the other of our great herbaria, which is not always the case in the matter of the showier plants ; sometimes however a few of them half accidentally find their way now and again into the houses of our cultivators, often at considerable intervals of time, and, alas I are not un- frequently saluted by a new name on each occasion. These give a good deal of trouble, as they are very soon expelled to make room for more showy plants, and are often, especially in the older works, ill described, rarely figured, and not preserved as her- barium specimens. What wonder, then, that errors fre- quently occur in such cases ? But it is specially with cultural Orchids that we have to deal to-day, and these are burdened with a synonymy that certainly requires lightening. Horticulturists' favourites may be divided into two sections— one in which the species do not vary'to any extent under cultivation, so that he who desires novelties must seek for new species; and another group in which one or a few species of a genus are so manipulated and selected, that an endless variety of so-called species is the result. Among the former class, I should include such genera as Dendrobium and Ccelogyne. Of these most of the specific names found in garden catalogues really represent more or less distinct species, or at the worst, well-marked varieties. The other section is best represented by the Cattleyas. The number of species belonging to this genus is by no means large. Mr. Bentham in the Genera Plantanim computes them at about twenty species, and I think he is rather over than under the mark. The names, however, in garden books are simply legion, nearly all of which represent mere forms of Cattleya labiata, but which are treated as of equivalent value to genuine species such as C. citrina, C. Forbesii, &c. Some distinc- tion should be made between these forms and the distinct species, and it could easily be done by giving fancy names to the former,and abolishing their classical names. To show the exceedingly inconvenient results of naming these forms in Latin a language which is not too well provided with suitable adjectives for plants at the best I may cite the following names from a recent salecatalogue: — Cattleya Mossire superba, C. Mendelii superba, C. Trianse superba, C. Trianx rosea superba, C. Eldorado superba ; C. Gaskelliana superba, all of which are varieties of C. labiata, and quite distinct from the well-known species Cattleya superba. All cultural forms of this nature then should be treated as Auriculas, Roses and Tulips have been for many years, and designated when requisite by fancy names, in any language but a classical one. The chief species to which this applies are Cattleya labiata, Masdevallia Lindenii, Odontoglossum crispum and Pescatorei, Lycaste Skinneri, Cypripedium iosigne and barbatum ; but there are numerous other species, of which two or three cultural forms have received classical names instead of the more suitable fancy names. This does not do away with the naming of real varieties, that is with forms of plants which have certain distinguishing characteristics, which remain tolerably constant. I take as an example of the kind of revision required the names of varieties of Ccelogyne cris- tata which . I find in a recent garden catalogue. They are :— Ccelogyne cristata, C. c, Chatsworth variety ; C. c. hololeuca, C. c. Lemoniana, and C. c. maxima. Now of these there is only one objectionable one and that is the last, C. c. maxima, for on hunting up the original description I find that its simple charac- teristics are that it is a little bigger than other forms. Now apart from the fact that the size of the flowers is probably due simply to an extra supply of nourish- ment, and would most likely diminish in the same plant again under unfavourable conditions, the mere size of the flowers is quite insufficient to distinguish one plant from another, unless there is enough ditTerence to be stated in figures. Thus it might be 10 inches across instead of 3. This plant probably was not worthy of a name at all, but if it was it should have been a fancy name. The remaining names speak for themselves ; and C. cristata hololeuca is distinct as a colour variety in the absence of the yellow patch on the lip, C. c. Lemoniana, again (though the error made by its original namer in imagining that Lemoniana meant lemon-coloured may call up a laugh at his expense), is equally unobjectionable. In naming a new variety, therefore, the namer should think first whether he can specify in a few words the cause of distinctness in the variety — thus, Ccelogyne cristata alba, lip entirely white. If not, and the difference is really so slight that words will not clearly convey it, as in many, I might also say most of the innumerable varieties of Cattleya labiata, the name given should be a fancy name. Pro- fessor Michael Foster, in a recent article on Iris cengialti in the Gardeners' Chronicle, points out that it is not of importance whether a variety of this value first appears in a garden, or in the native haunt of the typical plant ; but where one plant varies so slightly from another as not to deserve a [Latin] variatal name, and yet requires some title, it should bear a fancy name. These slight modifications, in fact, are not strictly varieties at all, but forms, and one can, if requisite, break them up still lower, into sub-forms, so that a species may be divided, if necessary, into sub-species, variety, sub- variety, form and sub-form. As an example, Cattleya labiata is a species, C. labiata Triance a variety, C. labiata Trianse alba, a sub-variety, and anything lower would be a form. Now it seems to me that it would be most advantageous to give all forms of the plant, from sub-varieties downwards, fancy names. It is often suggested to make the names of plants in some measure descriptive, but when put into practice this is frequently found to be unworkable. Still the namer of any plant should do his best to make the name expressive of something connected therewith, as for instance the discoverer, or the place of discovery, or the colour. Quintinye, in his Instructions pour ks tardins, dated 1697, suggests, in treating of the names of Pinks, that the fancy names should denote the colours of the flowers. Thus he would call a grey and purple kind, the Grand Provincial, or the Grave Philosopher, or General Peter, the initial letter giving the initials of the colours in the flower. The difficulty of such a plan lies in the fact that namers never will conform to anything of the kind. Another very important necessity is that of regu- lating the nomenclature of hybrids. They are usually treated as species, and receive classical names in no way denoting their origin. In wild hybrids this is in a measure excusable, as it is frequently very difficult to discover, on finding a plant intermediate between two species, whether it is a connecting link or a natural hybrid, but in garden hybrids, the parents of which are known, it is much to be deprecated. Certain names, it is true, denote the garden origin of the plants, such as Cattleya exoniensis x , and who would doubt that Cypripedium Sedeni x was anything but a cultural hybrid. The usual way in scientific works of denoting a hybrid is by compounding the name, as Carex axillari-remota. This may be shortened by cutting off portions of the two words and making a compacter name, but the only instance I can recall of this method is that of Fhilageria, a name invented by Dr. Masters for a hybrid between the two genera Lapageria and Philesia. This plan it seems to me should be always adopted in the case of hybrids between two genera. In some cases it would certainly be rather difficult to get a neat name compounded out of the two, but such names as Cat- Irelia and Sophro-cattleya are not worse than many generic names, such as Cienkowskia, Warscwiczella &c., with which we have to deal. So confused is the present nomenclature of these generic hybrids that we have known plants of which the parentage Is mainly Cattleya called Lselias, as for instance, Lselia Domi- niana rosea. This is stated to have been raised from Cattleya exoniensis itself crossed with C. Dowiana ; C. exoniensis being a hybrid between C. Mossise and L.-elia purpurata ; so that there is actually only quarter blood of Lselia in the plant, and yet it is called a Lxlia. With respect to hybrids between species, the matter is more difficult, for though compounded names are possible in some cases they are not so in others, owing to the length and unwieldiness of some of the specific names. Where practicable they may be used, but in all cases where it is certain that the plant is a hybrid, a cross (x) should be always put after the name whenever printed. Where the same parents produce different forms, a fancy name could be added to the com- pounded name to distinguish them. The Discussion. Dr. Masters, while assenting in the main to Mr. Ridley's observations, took occasion to protest against the idea which is entertained in some quarters, that there is any difference in principle between the nomenclature of Orchids and that of any other family of plants. He con- sidered that the existing confusion depended in great measure upon people not minding their own business. The principles of botanical nomenclature are well known and recognised by botanists, and more or less well acted up to. Botanists, like other people, did not always act fully up to their own principles. Moreover, they made as many mistakes as other people, but there was this difference between the system employed by botanists and the no-system followed by horticulturists — that botanical mistakes could always be rectified, because the system of publication and registration allowed of easy reference for purposes of future confirmation or correction as might be required, while at present nothing of the kind existed for garden names proper. He cordially acknow- ledged the right of horticulturists to name their plants as they pleased, subject to the reservation that they should not create confusion by adopting an imitation of the technical language used by botanists. By the un- authorised use of Latin and Greek names, formed on the plan adopted by botanists, and by the want of any authoritative system of publication and registration, growers were in a large measure responsible for the confusion of which they now complained. Dr. Masters pointed out that the Royal Horticultural Society had laid down rules for the guidance of horticulturists, but these rules had been allowed to fall into abey- ance, and were more honoured in the breach than in the observance, even by the committees. For purely garden purposes he advocated the use of fancy names if possible in English, but in any case so con- structed as to prevent any possible inference that the plant had been examined and named by competent botanical authority. The Society should refuse to recog- nise any botanical name till the plant had been identi- fied by some competent authority. In the same manner he thought that the Committees should decline to adopt any fancy name for plants brought under their notice until the committee were satisfied, on the recom- mendation of experts that the plant was deserving a separate name and that it was really distinct enough from any existing variation to deserve a special appella- tion. A register should be kept and published from time to time of all names and if necessary a provisional name given (English), to be replaced ultimately by a permanent name if the provisional name should turn out on exami- nation to be incorrect or inadequate. Mr. Enoch Harvey assented to Dr. Masters' pro- posals, and urged the Society to institute a committee- or some competent person to form a collection of draw- ings and dried specimens authoritatively named, and which might be consulted for purposes of reference when needed. [This plan, it may be said, parenthetically, is followed in our herbaria at Kew and the British Museum, whilePro fessor Reichenbach's unrivalled collection enables him to July 3, 1886.] THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE 21 supply the requirements of the horticulturists from a purely botanical point of view.] Mr. Shirley Hibberd alluded to the commercial side of the question, and humorously pointed out how Mr. Blank, having an Orchid with a spot in one corner of a petal, gave the plant a name, and forthwith sold it without the least further care or thought. He received the price of his plant, and there was an end of the matter. For the rest the speaker advocated the " kick- ing out of the names of all garden varieties. " Mr. GoLDRING criticised some of Mr. Ridley*s state- ments, and differed in opinion a£ to the degree of value to be placed on certain forms of Orchids which he con- sidered of higher rank than Mr. Ridley seemed to do. [Such questions of differences of appreciation of relative rank are unavoidable.] Mr. Goldring also objected to the statement that the form of the pseudobulb could be altered by cultivation, as Mr. Ridley appeared to infer in the case of certain species. Mr. Ridley defended his propositions by adducing several instances, in which he was confirmed by Mr. Harvey and Sir Trevor Lawrence. Mr. Ridley also raade an appeal to Orchid growers to furnish him with adequate specimens for determination. The speci- mens would be preserved for reference in the museum. Sir Trevor Lawrence expressed his willingness to supply specimens both to Professor Reichenbach and Mr. Ridley, and advised his fellow-orchidists to do the same as opportunity allowed. [Speakmg for ourselves, we are pleased to acknowledge gratefully the assistance we receive from growers in these particulars.] Professor Michael Foster agreed with many of the observations of Dr. Masters, and urged the desirability as far as possible of making the naiiie in some way or another descriptive, so that the nature or history of the plant might in some degree be embalmed in the name. Names for hybrids, he suggested, should be made to end in a consonant ; thus, if Dr. Masters' genus Philageria x had been named Philager, its hybrid character {between Lapageria and Philesia) would have been indicated. Professor Foster also advocated the establishment of a collection of drawings and specimens for reference. Mr. Lynch also advocated the formation of such a collection, and the appointment of a horticultural botanist, whose special duly it should be to keep the collection in order, and to take charge of the questions of nomenclature generally. He further suggested that a petition should be forwarded to Professor Reichenbach to draw up a general summary of his life's work ! Sir Trevor Lawrence, in summing up the discus- sion, alluded to the desirability of botanists affording for the benefit of those not versed in the dead languages an explanation of the meaning of the names they employed. Thus ended the Conference, which proved a bright and interesting meeting, and in which, from the brief summary we are only able to give, it will be seen that some practical suggestions were thrown out. ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY'S PROVINCIAL SHOW, LIVERPOOL; June 29 to July 5. We may with safety endorse the general opinion of that part of the horticultural world which has been enabled to attend this meeting of the Royal Hoiti- cultural Society at Liverpool, that the meeting has been a thoroughly successful gathering in the horti- cultural sense — financially it is yet too premature to prophecy. The weather, which after all tells most for or against these out-of-doors diversions of mankind, is now at the moment all-propitious, and so far influenced the attendance as to bring great numbers of interested visitors on the opening day. We must hope for a continuance of fine weather, and then the financial success should likewise be assured. It speaks volumes of the power latent in the old Society that it has found sufficient support from the gardeners and their generous employers, and the municipality of Liverpool, to inaugurate what must be called a *' great show." Flowering plants were in abundance, taking into consideration the lateness of the season for the best things. Crotons were shown in better form ; our old acquaintances in foliage plants, which meet us at every big gathering, were in excellent health and vigour. Orchids were an especially good feature, and are evidently plants for which the Liverpool amateurs show a great penchant, and which they cultivate in their not over-salubrious Lancashire atmosphere in an excellent manner, that was a surprise to those who are apt to imagine all that is good is the product of the south parts of the island. Herbaceous plants of all kinds were found in great quantities, as were cut flowers, British Ferns, tuberous Begonias, and zonal Pelargoniums. The south country growers contributed well in Roses, and show and fancy Pelagoniums. The fruit was of fairly good quality for the season, but was on the whole poorly represented. Pines were abundant, and better than we remember seeing them anywhere during the previous season. Vegetables, sbowo in small quantities, were ex- cellent. Tools, garden machines and appliances, boilers, glass erections of most kinds, summer-houses, and the now innumerable articles in daily use in gardens were to be found in great abundance. The great seed houses made effective displays, although they rather overshadowed the principal exhi- bition, by the proximity of their ambitious fai^ides and grandiloquent signboards and trade announce- ments. Floral Division. Twelve Stove and Greenhouse Plants, six in fiffiver, rfu/iKi:/ (open). —1st, Mr. J. Cypher, Cheltenham. The Fig. 7. — SECTION I floweringseclion comprised AnthuriumScherzerianum, a capital specimen, loaded with fine spathes ; Ixora Regina, a large plant ; Erica tricolor Wilsoni, well done, and 3 feet in diameter ; Dipladenia amabilis, also finely flowered ; Allamanda Henderson!, literally drooping under its burden of bloom. Foliage plants were— Croton Queen Victoria ; C. Prince of Wales, a fine symmetrical specimen ; Latania borbonica, a fine plant ; Kentia Canterburyana, and Cycas revoluta. This group was the largest in the show. 2d, Mr. J. Mould, Pewsey, with plants of Erica aristella, Bougainvillea glabra in globular form ; Dipla- denia amabilis, Ixora coccinea were beautiful plants, as were also Gleichenia rupestris and Cycas revoluta ; but all were of a much smaller size than the foregoing. 3d, Mr. H. James, Lower Norwood, whose Pimelea mirabilis, Lomarla intermedia, Franciscea calyclna major, were well grown, but showing signs of ex- haustion. Nine Stove and Greenhouse Plants, in bloom, distinct (nurserymen). — 1st, Mr. J. Cypher, with Ixora PiU grimii, having enormous trusses of its orange-scarlet flowers thickly set all over it ; Allamanda Hender- son!, a splendid plant ; a large handsome Anthurium Scherzerianum, Pimelea decussata, of 6 feet in dia- meter, and his variety of Anthurium Scherzerianum with deep red spathe and spadix. 2d, Mr. II. James, with Dracophyllum gracile, Slatice Holfordi, Alla- manda nobilis. Erica Cavendishi, being well grown examples ; 3d, Mr. J. Mould, in whose collection were two Staiices, Butcheri and profusa, with an extra- ordinary amount of flower on them. Six Stove and Greenhouse Plants, dislinrl, in bloom (amateurs). — ist, Mr. A. R. Cox, gr. to H. H. Watts, Esq., Elm Hall, Worcester, who had a superb Ixora coccinea, 5 feet in diameter, and 3 feet high ; I. Dixiana, 6 feet high, and full of flower ; I. Regina, the best and most vigorous young plant in the show ; Allamanda Henderson!, very large flowers, of great substance ; and Cleroden- dron Balfouri : the whole formed capital examples of cultivation. 2d, Mr. C. Paul, gr. to S. Schloss, Esq., Osborne Villa, Bowdon, whose Stephanotis floribunda, Bougainvillea glabra, and Boronia elatior, were well-finished examples. Twelve Hard-wooJed New Holland Plants, in flower (open). — 1st, Mr. J. Cypher, with Aphelexis in variety ; Darwinia tulipifera, Pimelea decussata, and Dracophyllum gracile, vigorous plants of no great age, and well bloomed. Nine fine-foliage Plants, distinct {open).— ui, Mr. J. Cypher, with Croton Sunset, a distinct and bright- leaved variety ; Dasylirion acrotrichum, a large plant; Croton Johannis, fairly well coloured ; Cordy- line indivisa, a very fine example with uncommonly stout foliage ; Latania borbonica, Areca Baueri, and Kentia Fosteriana, both large plants, with healthy foliage. This was an imposing group, filling well the corner of the tent in which it was placed. 2d, Mr. J. Jellicoe, gr. to F. H. Gossage, Camp Hill, Woolton, whose Pritchardia pacifica, Latania bor- bonica, and Dicksonia antarctica were very good specimens. Six Fine-foliage Plants, distinct (amateurs). — Ist, Mr. A. R. Cox— the Croton Queen Victoria, Latania borbonica. Calamus ciliaris, with foliage to the pot ; and Alocasia macrorhiza being capital examples. j\'ine Palms, distinct (o^ea). — Hi, Mr. G. Williams, gr. to S. Baerlein, Esq., Oak Dsne, Didsbury ; in this lot were Thrinax elegantissima, Phcenicophorium seychellarum, Kentia Belmoreana, Pritchardia paci- fica, Phcenix rupicola, Kentia australis, K. canter- buryana, Cocos Weddelliana, and Geonoma Schot- tiana, sturdy, healthy plants of considerable size. 2d, Messrs. R. P. Ker, nurserymen, Aigbutth, with Licuala grandis, Thrinax elegans. Phoenix rupicola, Kentia australis, Seaforthia elegans — a number of useful furnishing plants. Nine Exotic Ferns, ir'!V!Hf/(open). — ist,Mr. Rhodes, gr. to Mrs. Horsfall, Grassendale Priory, Aigburtb, the species and varieties consisting of Adiantum for- mosum, Gymnogramma chrysophylla, Davallia Moor- lana — the best of the variety in the show ; Davallia bullata, Alsophilla Moorei, very finely grown, with large perfect fronds ; Dictyogramma variegata, a distinct looking plant with bold fronds ; Microlepia hirta ctistata, Dicksonia squarrosa, Gleichenia spe- luncae — all of them well grown examples, in fresh condition. 2d, Mr. A. R. Cox : the Microlepia hirta cristata, Gleichenia dichotoma, Goniophlebium sub- auriculatum, Dicksonia antarctica, were handsome, regularly grown examples. Six Exotic Ferns, a'!V/)«rf (amateurs). — 1st, Mr. C. Paul, with an immense plant of Gleichenia rupestris, G. r. glaucescens, as large and good ; a Dicksonia antarctica, 12 feet in height ; Cybotium regale, with very large fronds, and wonderfully robust ; Brainea insignis, a symmetrically grown specimen, the bronzy young growth contrasting well with the old green fronds. 2d, Mr. G. Williams, gr.. Oak Dene, Didsbury : Davallia divarlcata and Cibotium Schiedei being superb examples, the others in the group not being of equal merit ; 3d, Mr. Thos. Gowen, gr. to J. Cunningham, Esq., Linton Lodge, Mossley Hill : Adiantum Veitchii, Davallia Mooriana, with pretty lace-like fronds, and Goniophlebium subauri- culatum and Gymnogramma argyrophylla being his best plants. Fi/teen British Ferns, distinct (open). — These were well shown by several gardeners, being plants that find much favour hereabouts. 1st, Mr. Thos. Bolton, Fern Cottage, Warton, Carnforth. The species and kinds shown were Lastrea Filix-mas, L. f. m. var. flexuosa, L. dilatata grandiceps, L. mas var. ramosissima, Polystichum angulare var. Paleyensis, P. a. var. venusta, P. aculeatum var. cristata gracilis, Athyrium Filix-foemina plumosum var. Axminster, A, 22 THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. [Ji'Lv 3 iS F. f. p. var. Stansfieldii, Tiichomanes radicans, and Scolopendrium var. crispum. All of these were of unexceptionable good culiivalion, fresh and un- injured by travel. 2d. MessiF. C. Rjlands & Co., Bold Lane Nurseries, Ormskiik, with an even lot of excellent specimens; 3d, Messrs. W. & J. Birken- head, Sale, Manchester— nice healthy plants, amongst which we noticed a fine piece of Osmunda rcgalis cristata with perfect foliation. Six Brilisli Ferns, dislind (open). — Isf, Mr. Thos. Foster, gr. 10 John Brancker, Esq., Green Park, Liverpool, whose examples of Athyrium Filix-freraina, a crested form ; A. F.-f. plumosum, A. F.-f. Field- ingii, with long attenuate fronds ; and Polystichum angulare prolifera, were greatly admired. 2d, Mr. G, Barber, 24, St. Michael's Street, Hurst, who had a fine plant of Athyrium Filix-fcemina dissectum ; 3d, Mt. J. Hurst. Twelve Crotom, distinct (nurserytrien).— This was the group in which were the magnificent plants of Messrs. Ker & Co. of the Aigburth Nurseries, the sorts consisting of the following varieties, mostly of Continental origin : — C. Mortfontainensis, of glowing gold and crimson ; C. raosaicus, of similar colour, but with a different leaf form ; C. Sinitzianus, a narrow leaved, pendulous habited variety, yellow and green ; C. Bergmanni, with broad erect foliage of pale gold and green ; C. Aigburlhianus, a very narrow-leaved variety, and erect habit, gold on young exposed foliage at the top of the plant, lower leavei green ; and the better known C. Weismanni, C. Evansianus— the latter with handsome large foliage of crimson and green ; C. Neumann!, C. Countess, and, lastly, C. interruptus aureus, a narrow yellow leaf. Better coloured plants can scarcely have been staged before at any sho»-. 2J, Mr. J. Cypher, with plants of much less dimensions and paler tints j Barori Frank Selierie, and Thompsoni were the newest and most disiinct varieties j 3d, Mr. J. Mould, with nice young stuff under 5 (eet in height. Six Cretans, distinct (amateurs). — rst, Mr. C. F. Finnigan, gr., the Winter Gardens, New Brighton, with large and excellent plants, fairly well coloured, of C. Queen Victoria, C. Baron James de Rothschild, C. Evansianus, C. Johannis, C. Prince of Wales, and C. augustifoliuF. Six Dracicnas, distinct (amateurs). — 1st, Mr. Jnhn Lambert, gr. to Colonel Wiogfield, Onslow Hall, Shrewsbury : the plants of a medium size, well grown, and high in colour; 2d, Mr. G. Williams, with smaller specimens of greater substance, and furnished with foliage down to the pot ; 3d, Mr. A. R. Cox. Six Adiantums, distinct (amateurs). — 1st, Mr. J. Hurst, whose plants consisted of well known kinds of an even size and perfect shape. T7velve BronieliaJs, distinct (open). — 1st, Messr.'. R. P. Ker & Sons, for a number of well developed soecies, consisting of Nidularium fulgens, N. pictum, N. Meyendorfi, Vriesia hieroglyphica, Encholiiion Saundersii, /Echmea spectabilis, a strong piece, carrying a large spike of white and blue fiowers or calyces ; Pouretlia mexicana, Massangea musaica, Karatas Legrelli, Tillandsia tessellata. This collec- tion was unique of its kind, in plants that are less grown than their beauty as regards flower and foliage entitles them to be. Six Caladiums, distinct (open). — 1st, Messrs. J. Liing & Co., Stanstead Park Nurseries, Forest Hill, London, S. E. , the plants being of quite extraordinary proportions as regards size of leaf and bulk, the most striking being Candidum, a pale-leaved sort ; and Leopold Robert, with very bright coloration. The others consisted of sorts that have been some years in cultivation. There was in this class only one exhibitor. Twelve Neiti and Rare Plants sent out during 1S84, 18S5, and 18S6 (open).— 1st, Messrs. Kei & Sons, for Adiantum cuneatum deflexum, with fronds possessing five pinna;, and a habit rather more upright than that of the type ; Divallia fojnicula- cea, with lace-like fronds, very gracefijl ; Gymno- gramma gloriosa) ; Croton aighburthensis ; and An- thurium Veitchi flore rubro, almost too joung a plant to decide on its merits. 2d, Messrs. W. & J. Birkeri- head, for Nephrodium Sangwelli, a plant with stilTtri- angular-shaped fronds of a light green colour ; N. Bausei ; Adiantum Collissi, a Fern of a loose habit, the young fronds with a rosy tinge on thera ; A. digitatum, a variety still taller than the last named, and a habit equally spreading ; these Adiantums will doubtless improve in appearance when older. Six pans or pots of Lycopods, distinct (amateurs). — The only prize, a 1st, went to Mr. Thomas Foster, but there was nothing in them which calls for comment. Six Colciises, distinct (amateurs). — 1st, Mr. T. Parr, gr. to C. Collon, Esq., Lulworih House, Birk- dale, with plants that were perfect hills of handsome leafage, the lesser known kinds being Gloire de Rougemont, Marquis de Nadilaud, and Mottisborne, all of which possessed bright pleasing colours ; 2d, Mr. W. Bustard, gr. to J. Lewes, Esq., St. Ann's Road, Liverpool, with a number of flatly trained specimens nicely contrasted in colour. iix Ericas, distinct, j'k i.'wOT (open). — Isl, Mr. J. F. Mould, with excellent plants of E. ventricosa grandi- flora, E. tricolor Wilsoni, E. ampullacea obbal,a, E. ferruginea, E. depressa, and E. Parmentieri, the two last being very handsome, and all were well grown. Twenty Roses in S inch pots (nurserymen). — 1st, Mr. C. Turner, Slough, whose well bloomed plants carried from six to twelve blooms, the gems of the group being La France, Duchesse de Valombrosa, Madame Lacharme, Madame G. Luizet ; the plants were dwarf and well furnished with foliage as well as bloom. 2I, Messrs. Paul & Son, Old Nurseries, Cheshunf, the plants being sturdy examples, but little behind the winning group. Group of Show, Decorative, and FancyPelar^oniums, not more than eighteen plants, in 6-inch pots (open). — 1st, Mr. C. Turner— lovely plants, full of flower, and remarkable for fine development in such sized pots : 2l, Messrs. C. Rylance & Co., useful plants of furnishing siz^. Croup of Zonal Pelargoniums, under similar con- ditions to the foregoing. — i%t, Mr. G. Rhodes, gr, of Grassendale Priory, whose plants were neat, and nicely furnished wiih trusses of bloom; very bright were Sylvia, Beaule du Suresne, Leonidas, Le Grand, and Leicestershire Seedling, a pink nosegay, new. 2J, Messrs. R. Fleming & Son, The Nurseries, Mag- hull, Liverpool, whose exhibits were fairly well bloomed, considering the restriction as to size of pni. Nine Showand Fancy Pelargoniums, distinct (open). — 1st, Mr. C. Turner, with Gold Mine, a vivid scarier, with a white centre ; Invincible, black and scarlet j Ritualist, cerise and crimson ; Mrs. Pottle, Despot, and others equally good, if less striking to Ihe eye. 2d, Messrs. C. Rylance & Co. ; 3d, Mr. E. Bridger. Six Siinlejloivered Zonal Pelargoniums (open).— 1st, Mr. E. Bridger, The Gardens, Greenhlll, Huy- lon, with vigorous plants, bearing stout trusses, and plenty of them ; a sort shown — Mrs. McKinlay— is a pleasing shade of rose. 2d, Mr. W. Bustard, gr. , St. Ann's Road, Aigburlh, whose plants were of a semi-globular form, and nicely bloomed ; 3d, Mr. T. Go«en, gr., Linton Loige. Six Doulile flowered Zonal Pelargoniums, distinct (open).— 1st, Mr. T. Gowen ; 2d, Messrs. Fleming & Sons ; 3 1, Mr. J. B. Dixon, Ashton House, Preston. Nine Nefent/ies or Sarraccnias (open). — 1st, M'. H. James, Lower Njrwood, with N. Courtii, N. Mastersiana, N. M. nigra, N. Ralllesiana, N. Hookeri, with fine reddish foliage ; N. robusturi', N. Dominiana, all the plants being fairly well fur- nished with pitchers 2J, Mr. C. Paul, with broad masses of Sarracenia purpurea, crammed with pitchers, and a plant of S. Fieldsii, a tall green species. Nine Ivf-leaved Pelargoniums in flower (a'ptn) . — 1st, Messrs. I'leming & Sons, with plants in tall pyramid form, consisting of sorts now commonly grown — Emily Lemoine (a semi-double scarlet), and Abel Carrier (a soft rose), were the best of these ; 2d, Mr. R. Ashcroft, Hornspit Lane, West Derby, with smaller plants ; 3d, Mr. H.James. Group of not less than twenty- five Tuberous Begonias, in bloom (open). — 1st, Messrs. J. Laing & Co., with small plantsof both single and double flowered kinds ; Mrs. Amy Adcock, a double, with the lower rows of petals of a bright pink, and the centre ones white, suffused white, is a distinct and pretty flower ; all of the plants were well flowered, and many of the flowers of over-large proportions to please some critics. Nine 1 libelous Begonias, distinct (open). — 1st, Messrs. J. Laing & Co. This group consisted of strong plants nearly 3 feet in height and proportion- ately broad, of single flowered varieties ; 2d, Mr. J. Hurst, Beechwood. Six Tuberous Begonias (amateurs). — 1st, Mr. J. Hurst, small plants of new varieties ; 2d, Mr. J. Jelli- coe, also newer varieties, but smaller in size ; 3d, Mr. W. Bustard, with large handsome plants of the now old- fashioned pendulous flowered varieties. Nine Gloxinias, a'jjCi.jiV (amateurs).- 1st, Mr. J Agnew, gr. to Mrs. Watts, Grassendale Park, Aig- burth, with strong plants of erect and pendulous varieties, and possessing capital foliage ; 2d, Mr. T. Gowen, with smaller plants and fewer bloom. Six pans of Achimenes, diUinct (amateurs). — 1st, Mr. J. Hurst, with large pans of well- flowered sorts; 2d, Mr. T. Gowen. Collection of twenly-five varieties of annuals, in pots (open). — 1st, Messrs. J. Carter & Co., High Holborn, London— a very interesting collection, including Rhodanthe, Phlox, Nasturtiums, Chrysanthemums, Schizanthus, Kaulfussia, Candytuft, &c. Collection of Pansiis or Violas, grown in fots (open). — This competition failed to be much responded to, the best coming from Mr. J. Forbes, Buccleuch Nurseries, Hawick, N.B. The plants were robust and very well flowered, as is only possible at this time of year in the North. Orchids. Group of twenty-five Orchids arranged with Palms, Ferns, &-c. (open).— 1st, G. Hardy, Esq., Pickering Lodge, Timperley (gr., J. Hill). A very eflfective group, composed of medium sized plants, the flowers of which were placed slightly above the surrounding foliage. Palms and P'erns were very nicely worked in amongst them. Among the Orchids were the following, in good condition :— Dendrobium Dearei, having five spikes of its pure white flowers; Cattleya Mossiae, a very large and distinct form ; Laelia pur- purata, C. gigas Sandetiana, Aiiiides Veitchii, with three spikes, each having several laterals — the only plant in the show of this rare species ; C. Sanderiana, a most beautiful variety ; C. Mossia;, with thirty-six flowers ; Odontoglossum vexillarium crispum, four spikes ; O. cordatum, ten spikes ; Cattleya Mossiae superba ; C. Mendelii, wiih one spike, the sepals and petals being pure white, lip intense rosy-amethyst, very sharply cut away at the throat ; Masdevallia Ilarryana, tine in colour and ol good s'ze ; Saccola- bium praemorsum, a spike iS inches long; Vanda Dennisoniana, two spikes of its creamy-white flowers ; Cypripedium Lawrenceanum, &c. The 2I prize was taken by Mr. J. Cypher, nurseryman, Cheltenham, who had a good group, but since several fine Crotons were used amongst the plants, the Ci'lour of these detracted some*hat from the cth:rwise bright effect of the Orchids. Many good plants were in this collection, especially D. infundibulum, with thirty of its white and orange-scarlet flowers ; C. Mossiae, Epidendium vilel- linum majus, one plant with twelve, and another with twenty spikes; C. Mendelii, Cypripedium S.onei Ij^vigatum, having four excellent spikes and good flowers ; C. Lawrenceanum, Aerides Fieldingii, Odontoglossum vexillarium, O. ciirosmum, O. cris- pum, and O. Pescatorei ; Oncidium Lanceanum, a capital spike, 2 feet long, with flowers of good sub- stance and colour ; 'Anguloa eburnea, &:. 3 I prize to Mr. H. James, nurseryman, Lo»er Norwood, whose plants were mostly small, yet including nice pieces of Odontoglossum cordatum aurcunn, Cattlt-ya Mossire, C. Mendelii, Odontoglossum crispum, Epi- dendrum vitellinum majus, &c. Twelve Kxolic Orchids (amateurs). — In this class some excellent plants were shown, the most notice- able, perhaps, being fine healthy and well fl )wered plants of Odontoglossum vexillarium, capital Cattleya gigas, Mossi.-e, &c. Here Mr. G. Hardy came again to the fore, with plants in every way worihy of the Che-hire establishment. The plants being placed on a sloping bank with a grass edge, each plant had a fair space about it, and could be seen to advantage. Cattleya Mossice, with forty flowers of a capital colour, was very telling ; Dendrobium Waid- ianum, an immense plant, with fourteen flowering growths full of flowers, was very creditable : how Mr. Hardy had managed to keep this early spring- flowering Dendrobium till the end of Tune was a matter of surprise to many of the Orchid growers present ; Aerides odora'um, ei£;hteen spikes ; Cypri- pedium Stonei, six spikes ; Cypripedium Lawrence- anum, thirty flowers ; Cypripedium Parishii, eleven spikes of its singular purple and green flowers ; C gigas Sanderiana, grand in colour and of immense size, three spikes, eleven flowers ; Dendrobium sua- vissimum, eight spikes ; Cattleya Mendelii, twenty flowers ; Odontoglossum vexillarium, very deep in colour, full of bloom ; Odontoglossum vexillarium, a very fine plant, 3 feet over, sepals and petals bright rose, lip large and very light colour. 2d prize was taken by E. Harvey, Esq , Liverpool (Mr. Worth, gr ), with a capital lot, among which we noticed Cattleya Leo- poldi, with bulbs 4 feet long : the plant bore three spikes of bloom only, none of which, however, were fully developed ; Phalaenopsis speciosa, a very rare and choice species, in the way of P. Lrdde- manniana, but much brighter in colour, the bloom being of a very bright rose colour ; Cattleya Mendelii, five spikes ; Masdevallia Ilarryana, Meadow Bank variety, with fifty flowers ; Odontoglossum citros- mum, three capital spikes ; Lselia purpurata, one spike ; Cattleya Sanderiana, Odontoglossum vexil- larium, ten spikes, deep in colour, but rather small flowers ; Aerides Lindleyanum, Epidendrum vitelli- num majus, twelve spikes ; Cattleya Warnerii, ten good fiowers ; Odontoglossum crispum, five spikes. 3d prize fell to W. J. Thomson, Esq., who had a good plant of Anguloa Clowesii, with eleven flowers ; Dendrobium Dalhouseanum, nine spikes of its tawny buflt flowers ; Cattleya lobala, a well flowered plant with five good spikes ; Cattleya Mendelii, a very nice form, having white sepals and petals pure white faintly margined with rose colour, and a good purple labellum ; a Schomburghia, with the growth of tibicinis, but with a spike about 3 feet long with a dozen flowers, the sepals and petals having a pale yellow and a deep purple labellum — a beautiful thing ; Dendrobium Bensonis, twelve flowering bulbs ; Aerides Fieldingii, two capital spikes ; Anguloa Ruckerii sanguinea, eight flowers ; Odontoglossum crispum, three spikes ; and Cattleya gigas Sanderiana. In another collection we noticed a good dark form ol Cattleya gigas, Saccolabium praemorsum, a grand mass of Dendrobium tortile roseum, well bloomed j Cattleya Mossiae, Masdevallia Harryana, eighteen flowers ; Cypripedium A^eitchii, twelve flowers ; a grand mass of Dendrochilum fiiliforme, having thirty- July 3, 1886.] THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. 23 six spikes of its very prelty florets; C. gigas, a large plant of Masdevallia bella, full of bloom ; Odontoglossum caudalum, lic. In the corresponding class for nurserymen Mr. J. Cypher, of Cheltenham, staged a very fine lot, and was successful in securing the premier position. Here we noticed D^ndrobium suavissimum, wiih twelve spikes of its bright yellow and purple blossoms ; a magnificent plant of Dendrobium Dearei, with thiriy spikes ol flowers; Anguloa Clowesii, twelve Bowers ; Epidendrum vitellinum majus, a large mass with fifty spikes ; Odontoglossum vexillarium, ten spikes, flowers very large ; Aerides Lobbi, four spikes, each 2 feet in length; Cattleya Mendelii, three spikes ; a very dark form of Cattleya Mossi:e, Saccolabium guttatura, with six spikes, the flowers being rather loosely set; D. Jamesianum, with thirty fl3wers; Odontoglossum vexiiUrium, a nice plant, and Cypri- pedium Lawrenceanum, with twenty flowers. The 2i prize was taken by Mr, H. James, Lower Nor- wood, with a useful lot. Here we were glid to find capital plants of Cattleya Mo;siie, with fuuiteen flowers of good size and colour; Cattleya MendeM, with eleven blooms ; Hrassia verrucosa major, with a number of spikes; Dendrobium suavissimum, with nine spikes ; Aerides virens Dayanum, Lcelia Schil- leriana, Odontoglossum crispum, Aetides Fieldingii, with a spike over 2 feet long, bearing one good lateral ; a large well bloomed OJontnglos&um vexillarium roseum, and Dendrochilum filiforrae, with forty spikes. Six Exotic Onhiils, disiinct (amateurs). — Here again Mr. G. Hardy came well to the fore with good specimen plants full of flower, and foliage vigorous and fresh. His plants were Cattleya Mendehi, wi'h ten spikes; C. Mossice, with fifty flowers ; C. San- deriana, five spikes, producing eighteen flowers of splendid colour ; OJon o^lossum vexillarium, a fine piece 3 feet through, full of bloom ; Dendrobium crassinode Barberianum, a plant in a basket, wi'h ten flowering bulbs iS inches to 2 feet long, and full of its bright flowers ; and a Cypripedium barbatura nigrum. 2d prize was awarded to E, Harvey, E^q , Hho had nice plants of Cattleya Warneri, C. Men- delii, with fourteen blooms; Dendrobium Daihou-i-'- anum, three sp;kes ; Masdevallia Harryana, BjH's blcod var. ; Epidendrum Wallisii, with pale yellow flowers, spotted with purple, light coloured labellum, spotted also with rosy-purple— not at all an efTtciive plant on an exhibition stage ; and Odontoglossum ctispum, good variety. Tiveh'c Orchids in fiower, — Special prize ofieied by the Liverpool Horticultural Company {J. Cowan), consisting of a cup, value 25 guineas, and 10 guineas in cash.— The only exhibitor was G. Hardy, E q., who put up twelve plants of large size, and in tastciul manner ; each specimen was a bond fide plant, and they were all well bloomed. In the centre a large plint of Dendrobium Devonianum was well elevated, its light bulbs arching over in a natural manner ; this plant had fourteen flowering bulb-, several being over 4 feet in length— abeautiful plant, pleasing everyliody ; Cattleya Mendelii, with fifteen flowers perfectly fresh ; Cypripedium superbiens (Veitchii), with twenty beau- tiful flowers ; Odontoglossum vexillarium, a very good plant with twenty spikes, each having four to six blooms ; Cattleya Warner i, five spikes, the flowers being deep in colour, and fine in form — on one spike we noticed four flowers ; C. Mendelii, eight spikes ; C. gigas Sanderiana, splendid in colour, and large in size ; Dendrobium Jamesianum, a superti plant with sixiy flowers, a genuine single piece; Odontoglossum vexillarium, with thirty spikes ;CatiIcya MossiiK superba, with thirty-six spikes ; Cypripedium Stonei, with three spikes ; and a Brassia Lawrence- ana. Truly one of the best lots ever put on an exhi- bition stage. A large plant of Lxlia purpurata was shown by the Hon. and Rev. T. Boscawen, having grand bulbs and foliage, and producing large flowers of a deep rose, wiih broad, expanding lip of a deep purple, gradually fading to the edge. Miscellaneous Plants. — Messrs. F. Sander & Co. staged a good lot of Orchids, about a hundred plants, medium in size, but well bloomed. Zygopetalum Gautierii, Cattleya Mendelii, and C. Mossce in several varieties ; good forms of Odontoglossum cris- pum, among them being several deeply-spotted forms ; O. facetum, Mor modes luxatum eburneum, L. pur- purata, Lasiia elegans Schilleriana, &c. A good group was put up by the Liverpool Horti- cultural Company (J. Cowan, manager), in which we noticed Cypripedium caudatum, Oncidium leucochi- lum, the white Cattleya Eldorado, C. citrina, C, Acklandi^, Vanda Roxburghii, Saccolabium pr^mor- sum.Maxillariavenusta, Aeride^crassifolium, Peristeria pendula; several Chysis l^evis, &c. This group was nicely worked up with Ferns, and edged with Adiantum Pacotti. In a group staged by Mr. B. S. Williams, Hol- loway, amongst many other useful and ornamental foliage and flowering plants were to be seen nice plants of C. Warneri gigas, Cypripedium Veitchii, C. Mo3si?2, Odontoglossum Coradinei superbum, Cypripedium ciliolare; Masdevallia S:hlimii. Messrs. J. Backhouse i.\: Sons, York, also staged a group, in which were good Cattleya gigas in several distinct forms, C. Warneri, C. Harrisoni, C. Leopoldi, good forms of Odontoglossum crispum, and the small and pretty Oncidium cornigerum. Several pans of Disa grandiflora, in bud, were in this collection. Twelve Cut Flowers of Orchids, varieties distinct (cut spikes or flowers, set up with Ferns, lic. ). to be shown in glasses. — Mr. J. Cypher was 1st, showing nice spikes of Epidendrum vitellinum majus, Dendrobium iofundi- bulum, Odontoglossum crispum, Cypripedium barba- tum, C. Warneri, C. Mossix, Odontoglossum vexil- larium, Dendrobium eburneum, Lxlia purpurata, Anguloa Ruckeii, Cattleya Mendelii, and Odonto- glossum Schlieperianum. The 2I prize felt to A. Heine, Esq., Fallowfield (gr., J. Ctaggs), who had good flowering bulbs of D.;ndrobium nobile, Vanda tricolor cinnamomea, Odontoglossum cordatum, O. Schlieperianum, Catihya Mossia; superba, C. Men- delii, C. Liwrenceana {\ dark form) ; Dendrobium formosum, Odontoglossum crispum, Cypripedium barbatum giganteum, Lxlia purpurata Nelsii, a very dark form. \l. Giskell, Esq.. wasawardt d 3 i piiz.% for good flowers and spikes of Cauleya Sanderiana, Calanlhe veratrifolia, L:^lia purpurata, Masdev.\llia Harryana, Cilileya maxima, .\nguloa eburnea, OJoa- toglossum Coradioei, D^rndrobium DalhoJseanum, Epidendrum vitellinum majus, Odontoglossum cris- pum, and Vanda teres. The Orchids shown were remarkable for their floriferousoess and the general freshness of the indi- vidual plants. Tfte Cattleya gigas varieties were ex- cellent in colour and large m S'Z::. Among exhibitors G. Hardy, E^q , showed remarkably well, taking the leading prize in each class, a feat which speaks well fur the excellence of hi; collection as a whule. It is needless, to say, that the part of the tent in which the Orchids were staged was crowded as soon as the exhibition was opened, and continued so duiing the whole of the day. Group 0/ Miscellaneous Plants, arranged for effi^ct, occupying a space nnt exceeding 300 .'quare feet (open). — 1st, Messrs. R. P. Ker & Son, who had se- cured the most striking effects by their method of arrangement, and the use of bright coloured Crolons. The ground was hidden by numbers of Adiantums, disposed so that the plants barely touched, aud amongst these, at intervals sufluienily wide, were placed Crotons. Dracsnas, Palms, Anlhuriums in flower, Lilium Hanisii, just a few to aid by the con- trast of pure white against dark foliage ; other plants, disposed in what may be called the temperate section of the group, consisted of Pelargoniums, Roses, Rho- dodendrons, Gloxinias, ^^c, likewise mixed up with Adiantums. 2d. Messrs. W. & J. Birkenhead, whose group consisted of exotic and hardy native Ferns arranged too closely together to produce a pleasing elfect. The good material was there, but there was far more than was required for the space at disposal. A Group extending to not more than loo square /tv/ (amateurs). — isl, Mr. G. Williams, Oak Dene, whose arrangement consisted of a mound clothed with Adiantums, with a bed of the same on the level, flowering plants, Palms, Crotons, small Cala- ' diums, being distributed over it. The central point was a Palm, perched on the top of the mound, the pot being hidden in a graceful manner with Panicum. 2l, Mr. A. R. Cox, whose group was arranged on the level, being only broken up by the plants employed, which consisted of white Lilies, Palms, Orchids, Gloxinias, Francoa ramosa, &c. ; 3d, Mr. J. Jellicoe, whose plants were of better quality, but being small, failed to produce a satisfactory arrange- ment. Group of Miscellaneous Plants, in or out of flower (nurserymen). — 2d, Mr. Samuel Johnson, of Oxton, Birkenhead ; the group was rather too aitihcially arranged, and was composed of Crassula coccinea, Fuchsias, Petunias, Ericas, &c. Group of fifty Hardy Hobaceous Plants (optn). -^ 1st, Messrs. J. Dickson & Son, Newton Nurseries, Chester; this formed a striking feature near the entrance to the great tent, and being composed of strong plants which had been grown for some time in pots, and selected with an eye to effect, compelled admiration ; we note a few of them, viz., Campanula rapunculoides, C. Burghalli, with large blush-white bells, a distinct-looking species, and growing as seen 4 feet in height ; Aquilegia chrysantha, Mimulus cardinalis, and M. c. Earl of Radnor, both tall, robust plants full of flower, the latter variety having crimson flowers ; Galtonia candicans, Francoa ramosa, Lilium speciosura rubrum, and other common species, very tall and strong ; L. spcciosum album stood 6 feet high, and like the others was quite covered with flowers ; a tall Composite with yellow flowers was seen in Erythroch^le palmatifida. Mr. J. Bostock, gr. to Enoch Harvey, Esq., 12, Riversdale Road, Aigburth, took the 2d prize. In this group we noted Inula glandulosa, Cypripedium spectabile, some very floriferous herbaceous R^eonies, which appeared to have been growing some years in their pots, Oenothera Voungi, with pretty yellow flowers, very fine double Pyrcthrums, Achillea tomentosa. Pi/ty Hardy Alpine or Rock Plants (open). — Here the 1st prize was taken by Messrs. Paul & Son, the Old Nurseries, Cheshunt. There were many good and rare things amongst them, as Diyas octopetala, Erigeron glaucus, Phyteuma Cbannelli, Ramondia pyrenaica, Androsace lanuginosa. Genista sagitalis, Campanula turbinata pallida, C. ihomboidalis, C. tenuifolia alba, and C. species, with lovely blue flowei- that do not droop ; Acantholimon gluma- ceum, and Saxifraga cochleata minor. The plants appeared to be well established in their pots, and therefore well adapted for cultivation, not being merely botanical curiosities. Croup of Hardy Ornamental Foliage Trees and Shrubs (nurserymen). — 1st, Messrs. J. Dickson & Sons, whose exhibit was very rich in varieties of Japan Maples, that are so well adapted for the cool conservatory in the early part of the year, if too tender to be planted out-of-doors in most parts; Oaks, with variegated and golden-coloured foliage ; Copper Beech, Euonymus, iS:c. 2d, Messrs. W. Birron cK; Sons, Elvaston Nurseries, Borrowasb, who had larger grown Japan Maples, but not in such variety as Messrs. Dickson. The plants shown by Messrs. Barron were :— Acer atrosanguineum, Cornus mascula var., Acer polymoiphum atropurpureum, A. Negundo var., Fagus atropurpurea, F. 0. pendula, Ulmus aurea Rosseelsii, (Juercus Cerris var., Piunus Pissardi, Ulmus myrtilolia purpurea, .Esculus aurea var., Tilia dissecta, Acer Pseudo-Platanus Leopoldii, Ulmus campestris elegantissima pendula, U. c. lati- folia alba maculata, U. raontana Dampieri aurea, Quercus pedunculata albo maculata, Q. p. atro- purpurea, Acer polymorphum atropurpureum dis- sectum, A. polymorphum, A. p. dissectum, A. p. palmatifidum var., A. rufinervia, A. marmorata. The above were strong plants in tubs, symmetrical and vigorous of growth, as we are accustomed to see from these nurseries ; Abies Sieboldii, Retinospora plu- mosa aurea, l\etinospora telragona aurea, Abies Dou- glasii glauca, Thuiopsii Standi^hii, Taxus baccata aurea var., Abies Pattoniana &c. Miscellaneous.— ^lzz%xs. R. Smith & Cc, Wor- cester, staged a very bright and interesting group, consisting of varieties of Clematis in pots, well flowered ; also small plants of new varieties, some of which had beautiful flowers, but being as yet unnamed, we can only mention them in a general way ; Ericas and Roses in pots, neat, floriferous plants ; Japanese Maples, Pa;onies, as cut flowers ; a large box- ful of blooms of Diclamnus fraxinella was very conspicuous for its bright tints. Messrs. W. Cutbush & Son, nurserymen, Highgate, showed a group cf plants consisting cf Ivies in many varieties, for which the Highgate nurseries are noted, Japanese Maple'-, Lilium Harrisii, Crassulas, Spiraeas, &c., a pretty group cf ustful plants. New Holland plants, which are largely grown at this nursery, were present in but f:;w examples. Messrs. F. & A. D.ckson, Upton Nurseries, Chester, had a circular-shaped group near the entrance in the big tent, consisting of Dracaenas, Palms Ferns, &c., small stuft" put together lightly. Mr. Jennings, gr. to Leopold de Rothschild Esq., Ascot, Leighton Buzzard, showed a splendid group of Carnation Souvenir de la Malmaison ; the flowers were of the largest size, and showed well the degree of excellence obtained by him in their culture. Mr. C. Turner showed also the same variety and the pink flowered ; Carnation Lady Rose I\Iolyneux, a white, and Prince of Orange, a yellow with a wire edge. Messrs. Kelway & Sons, Langport, Somerset, had cut blooms of Gaillardias, Pyrethrum candidum, &c., a pure white of good form. Messrs. Backhouse & Sons, nurserymen, York, received a Gold Medal for a group of plants consisting of Cattleyas of various species, Odontoglossums and Oncidium cornigerum. Their collection of Trichomanes and Hymenopbyllums was rich in rare species,of which we notea few, viz. : — Tricho- manes Luschnathianum var. pulchra ; T. meifolium; Hymenophyltum tamariscinum ; H. multifidum ; H. hirsutum, very rare ; H. chiloense, with capsules borne on the upper surface of the fronds. Many fine plants came from the same nursery. We noticed Athyrium Filix-fcemina Edwardsii ; Saxifraga Lanto- scana superba; Leptospermum scoparium, which we are surprised to find flowering so far north in the open air ; Silene petr?ea, with the habit of the common Thrift, with heads of small white flowers ; Potentilla nitida var. atro-rubens, with silvery trifoliate leaves and bright rosy-pink flowers ; Aster alpinus alba ; Buxus latifolia aurea, the foliage pale yellow ; Salix lanata, with a creeping habit and grey foliage, &c. Messrs. R. B. Laird & Sons, Edinburgh, showed twenty-four varieties of Violas, of great excellence. The Liverpool Horticultural Co. (Limited), Mr. John Cowan, manager, exhibited a group of Roses, Paquerette, Mignonette, and My Pet, small flowered varieties well adapted for pot culture. Other exhibits from this nursery consisted of very fine double and single Petunias, of charming variety in form and colour ; Crotons, Palms, &c., the group taking up considerable space in the cut-flower tent. 24 THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. [July 3, 1886. Messrs. Jas. Dickson & Son received a Bronze Banksian Medal for a group of succulents, consisting of Aloes, Agaves, Yuccas, Euphorbias, Mammilarias, &c. Messrs. James Veitch & Sons, Royal Exotic Nur- sery, Chelsea, had a most interesting group of rare plants effectively arranged. Philodendron grandi- dens, Anthurium Warocqueanum, A. Veitchianum, all with splendid foliage, and forming the background of the group, against which the smaller plants were well shown up. The Protea cynaroides and Exacum macranthum noticed in the Cardiners' Chronicle last week were exhibited in the group, and a col- lection of insectivorous plants, consisting o( Cepha- lotus and Draseras, small examples, under a bell- glass ; Caraguata angustilolia, with a scarlet flower- scape and smooth narrow arching foliage ; Aralia Kerchoviana, Nephrolepis rufescens tripinnatifida Hydrangea paniculata grandiflora, two plants, wonderfully well bloomed ; several handsome greenhouse Rhododendrons ; Nepenthes Master- siana, with large well coloured) pitchers ; Dieffen- bachia Jenmanni, Dracjena norwoodensis, green foliage, striped and edged with creamy-white and pink ; Haemanthus hirsutus, with white corymbs of flowers, produced quite freely. Mr. B. S. Williams, Victoria Nurseries, Upper Holloway, London, had a very charming group, con- sisting of Cattleyas in variety ; various Odontoglos- sums, Houlletia odorata, Cypripediums, Lycaste Deppii, Lselia purpurata, Oncidium Papilio, Hy- drangea paniculata grandiflora, intermixed with Adiantums, Crotons, small Palms, Spiraea palmata, Metrosideros floribunda alba, Sarracenias, &c. Messrs. Sutton & Sons, Reading, displayed a very large quantity of wax models of roots, fruits, and vegetables ; sixty sorts of Potatos of 1885, well preserved ; some fine kinds of Cabbage Lettuces of this year's sowing, several Melons and Cucumbers raised at their establishment, together with samples of living grasses and Clovers. Messrs. Cheal & Son, Lowfield Nurseries, Craw- ley, Sussex, showed their system of espalier training of fruit trees in various ways. A Gold Medal was awarded. Floral Committee. At the meeting of the Floral Committee, James O'Brien, Esq., in the chair ; Major Lendy, Mr. Shirley Hibberd, Mr. Herbst, and Mr. Dean, &o. , present. First-class Certificates were awarded — To Messrs. James Veitch & Son, for Pteris tremula foliosa, a stately new Fern, with effectively crimped foliage : Philodendron grandidens, quite a show plant, with very long bronzy leal blades ; Nephrolepis rupes- cens tripinnalifida, hnely and curiously overlapping in the pinnae ; Gymnogramma schizophylla gloriosa, much more robust than the type ; Rhododendron Aurora, with fine yellow and orange flowers — a greenhouse kind. The award of a Botanical Certificate to Protea cyna- roides, provisionally given at the last meeting, was con- firmed. To Mr. B. S. Williams, ol Holloway, for Araucaria excelsa Vervaetiana, a noble plant of the robusta or glauca type, but with a bright green tint. To Messrs. R. P. Ker & Son, Aigburth, for Croton aigburthensis, a pretty plant, with narrow leaves, almost wholly golden : Croton Newmani, with broad leaves, brilliantly tinted with scarlet, yellow, and bronze ; Gym- nogramma schizophylla gloriosa, as Messrs Veitch. To Messrs. James Backhouse & Son, York, for Hy- menophyllum picturatum, which has curiously recurving pinnae ; Trichomanes meifolium, something like a Todea pellucida ; Polypodium vulgare trichonianoides, an elegantly divided Fern, almost like a filmy Fern ; Asple- nium marinum plumosum, which has the pinnee again deeply divided ; Chrysanthemum leucanthemum var. Puy de Dome, the largest of the hardy white Marguerites. To Messrs W. & J. Birkenhead, Sale, for Nephrodium Sangwelli, a pretty light green Fern, with narrow toothed pinnae ; llastrea montana coronans, one of the neatest of crested Ferns. To Messrs. Kelway & Son, Langport, for Gaillardia Ormonde, a large crimson and yellow kind ; Pyrethrum Lawtonburgh, a grand pure white, quilled double. Cut Flowers. Seventy-two Roses, distinct (open). — 1st, The Cran- ston Nursery and Seed Co., Worcester. The stands of these were of the usual fine quality of Roses from this nursery, and amongst those of exceeding merit we noticed Mad. T. Level, Marquise Castellane, Marguerite de St. Amand, Dingee Conard, Vicomte Vigier, Magna Charta, Baron Hausmann, Captain Christy, Lady M. Filzwilliam, Mad. Ducher, Earl of Pembroke, Charles Lefebvre, Eugene Verdier, Constantine, Treteakopf, Mdlle. Marie Contet. 2d, Mr. G. Campbell, Gay Street, Bath, with flowers but little less fine, Rosierist Jacob, Richard Laxton, Uliich Brunner, Alfred Colombe, and Merveille de Lyon being capital examples, 3d, Messrs. Paul & Son, Old Nursery, Chesbunt. Seven lots were staged for this contest. Forty-ei^ht Roses, distinct (nurserymen). — 1st, The Cranston Nursery and Seed Co., Countess of Oxford, Violette Bowyer, Nardy Frftres, Mons. Noman, Julia Touvais, and Ferdinand Chaffolte being some of the finest, together with the sorts mentioned as being prominent in the previous competition ; 2d, Messrs. Paul & Son, Cheshunt ; 3d, Mr. J. House. Twenty-four Roses, distinct (nurserymen). — 1st, Mr. Prince, Oxford, the Roses in his boxes bearing the usual evidence of the suitability of his soil of the district for the production of Roses of great substance of petal and leal and size of flower. Very good were the sorts Catherine Mermet, Princess of Wales, La Boule d'Or, Tean Ducher, Madame Kuster, Rubens, and Souvenir d'Elise Varden, Souvenir d'un Ami ; but so good were the majority of the flowers that it is invidious to make a choice. Equal 2d, Messrs. Cooling & Sons, Bath, and the Cranston Nursery and Seed Company. Twenty-four Tea Roses, distinct (nurserymen). — No 1st was awarded. 2d, Messrs. G. Cooling — a fine lot, but rather small. Twenty-four Roses, distinct (amateurs). — 1st, Mr. G. Campbell, gr. to S. P. Budd, Esq., 8, Clay Street, Bath. In this group were superior blooms of Niphetos, Duchess of Valombrosa, Lady Mary Filzwilliam, Countess of Oxford, Fran^oise Michelon, Arthur Dickson, Rubens, Beauty of Waltham, and Merveille de Lyon ; 2d, R. E. West, Esq., Reigate, Surrey, the best blooms being found in Marie Bau- mann, Merveille de Lyon, Ulrich Brunner, and E. Y. Teas. Twelve Roses, distinct (amateurs). — 1st, Mr. E. Claxton. The Rosery, Allerton, who had fine Inno- centa Pirola, Anna Olivier, Madame Cusin Niphe- tos, Hon. E. Giffard, and Souvenir d'un Ami ; 2d, Mr. S. P. Budd— Violette Bowyer, Alfred Colombe, Lady M. Filzwilliam, and A. K. Williams being some of his best examples. Twelve Tea Roses, distinct (amateurs).— 1st, Mr. E. Claxton, who had beautiful blooms of Marie Van Houtte, Niphetos, Princess of Wales, Madame Cusine, and Anna Olivier. 2d, Mr. S. P. Budd, the sorts Devoniensis, and Madame Willermoz, being very fine. 3d, Mr. Marshall Bulley, Chapel Street, Liverpool. Twelve bunches of Pelargoniums (open). — In this competition the 1st prize was awarded to Mr. C. Turner, and the 2d to Messrs. C. Rylance & Co. Twelve bunches of Single-flowered Pelargoniums. — The three prizes were awarded to Messrs, Rylance & Co., Mr. Weir, and Messrs. Fleming & Son, in the order of their names. Twelve bunches of Double-flowered Zonal Pelargo- niums.— 2d and 3d prizes were awarded to Mr. W. Weir and Messrs. Fleming & Son, in the order named. Twelve bunches Stove and Greenhouse Plants, distinct (amateurs),— The best prize fell to the lot of Mr. G. Williams, who had Sobralia macrantha. Lapageria, red and white ; Dipladenia Brearleyana, Anthurium, and AUamanda. The others call (or no comment. Twelve bunches Hardy Herbaceous Plants (ama- teurs).—Mr. G. Eaton, gr. to W. H. Shirley, Esq., Allerton House, Allerton, who had the best collection, took the premier prize, and Mr. Bustard, the 2d. Group of Cut Hardy Flowers (nurserymen). — 1st, Messrs. R. B. Laird & Sons, West Coates Nursery, Edinburgh ; 2d, Messrs. J. Cocker & Sons, seeds- men, Aberdeen, who had an excellent lot of fresh looking flowers, the Pyrethrum being larger than we are accustomed to observe in England. Sixty blooms of Pansies, not more than two of a sorts (open).— Here the best prize went to Messrs. J. Cocker & Sons, for a quantity of large flowers, with well-defined colouring, smooth and globular in form. Twelve varieties of Gloxinia (open). — Mr. Thomas Gowen was the winner here ; but the flowers lacked the best marks of the newest strains Cut blooms.— Messrs. James Dichson & Sons, re- ceived the Silver-gilt Banksian Medal for a large quantity of cut flowers of hardy plants shown in grand style, the Pseonies, Delphiniums, and Lilies being extremely fine. Bouquets, Etc. Three .Stands or Vases for dinner-table decoration (open).— 1st, Mr. J. Cypher, with three tall glasses elegantly arranged with small flowers, grasses, &c., that would look pretty by artificial light, and not intercept the view over the table ; 2d, Mr. T. Prewett, Swiss Nursery, Hammersmith. Bridal Bouquets (open).— Mr. J. Cypher was placed deservedly in the 1st place for these. Bo'cquet /or the Hand (opea).— 1st, Mr. E. Carr, Market Hall, Southport— two very artistically-made bouquets, not over-crowded with flowers. Arranged Sprays for Ladies' wear (open). — In this class we noted a yellow Carnation, Pride of Penshurst, which, although somewhat wilted with the heat, seemed to afford excellent material for these articles of fashionable use, the colour being also of the patronised tint of yellow. Skeletonised leaves and flowers were shown in charming variety by Mrs. Margaret Hodgkins and Mr. R. Frisby. Fruit. The productions shown, if very numerous in most of the classes, were not of very high order of merit. Pines were of fairly good appearance, no over- grown crowns being observed. Grapes were below the usual quality — Foster's Seedling being small in berry ; Muscats, In some cases barely ripe ; the finest varieties being Hamburgbs and Madresfield Court, For collections of eight kinds : 1st, Mr. R. Parker, gr. to J. Corbett, Esq., Impney Hall, Droitwich, who had well matured Black Hamburgh and Foster's Seed- ling Grapes, small of bunch, an excellent Queen Pine, well coloured British Queen Strawberries, Noblesse Peaches, Pitmaston Nectarines, neither very large ; a good Blenheim Orange Melon, and Brown Turkey Figs— a good collection ol very presentable fruits. 2d, Mr. G. H. Richards, gr. to the Earl of Norman- ton, Somerley, Ringwood, whose Black Hamburgh Grapes were rather loose in bunch, but well coloured ; Trebbiano, thoroughly ripened ; a large Queen Pine, excellent Sir Joseph 'Paxton Strawberries, Hero of Lockinge Melon, Lord Napiet Nectarines, and Alexander Peach. 3d, Mr. Bannerman, Blithfield, Rugeley, whose large well coloured Royal George Peaches and Golden Champion Grapes, rather under ripe, were the best items. Collections of six kinds. —In this competition there was some capital fruit shown by Mr. Iggulden, gr, to the Earl of Cork, Marston House, Frome— Long- leat Perfection Melon, Hale's Early Peaches, Violet Hative Nectarine, Brown Turkey Figs, Elton Cherries, and President Strawberries ; 2d, Mr. Miller, gr. to W. H. Long, Esq., Rood Ashton Park, Wilts. In this collection were the handsome Rood Ashton hybrid Melon, Hale's Peach, and Elton Cherries of much excellence; 3d, Mr. Goodacre, gr. to the Earl of Harrington, Elvaston Castle, Derby, whose fruit ran the previously named lot very closely. An extra prize was awarded for fruit in this class. Grapes, three bunches of each. — Of these there were eight lots shown, and none of the bunches were very large, and many had been too severely thinned. 1st, Mr. T. Lambert, gr. to Lord Harlech, Oswestry j 2d, Mr. I'Anson, gr, to W. Bretteston, Esq., Runhan Hall, Chorley — the berries small, and somewhat crowded : 3d, Mr. E. Gillman, gr. to the Earl of Shrewsbury, Ingestre Hall, Staffs. — the berries small but jetty black. Mr. Loudon, gr. to T. Barnes, Esq., The Quinta, Chirk, had very excellent fruit, that was, perhaps, inadvertently passed over. Madresfield Court was shown by Mr. Loudon, and was the only exhibit in its class. Muscat of Alexandria. — These were the reverse of good, and the winning bunches were small, and not matured. Mr. Middleton, gr. to R. Pilkington, E5q. , Rainford Hall, St. Helens, took the 1st prize; Mr. McKellar, gr. to J. Watts, Esq., Abney Hall, Chester, the 2d ; Mr. Loudon 3d, with the best- ripened bunches. Foster's Seedling was shown by six competitors, Mr. G. T. Miles being 1st with well-ripened fruit ; 2d, Mr. I'Anson. Any oiher variety. — Mr. Loudon took the 1st prize with Golden Champion, the bunches being large and green ; zd, Mr. Chuck, gr. to P. Thellusson, Esq , Brodsworth Hall, Doncaster, with small bunches of Duke of Buccleuch, also unripe. Baskets oj Grapes. — 1st, Mr. I'Anson, with Black Hamburghs ; 2d, Mr. Tugwood, gr. to J. G. Morris, Esq., Allerton Priory; 3d, Mr. Elsworthy, gr. to A. R. Gladstone, Esq., Court Hey — the fruit very much robbed of its bloom. Pine-apples, two fruits.— Mt. G. T. Miles, took 1st prize lor (Queens ; Mr. Parker, 2d, with the same kind ; and Mr. Morris, gr. to A. P. Vivian, Esq., Glenafon, South Wales, with fine examples scarcely inferior to the second pair. Single Pine apple. — Here Mr. Miles was Ist, and in the any variety class, Mrs. Horsfall, Aigburth, was Ist with the only fruit shown, a small Black Jamaica. Peaches, t-wo dishes of six fruits each. — 1st, Mr. Divers, 2d, Mr. Goodacre, 3d, Mr. J. Stoney, gr. to Sir Thomas Earl, Bart., Allerton Towers. Single dish of Peaches. — Mr. Wallis, gr. Keele Hall, was 1st ; Mr. Oilman. 2d ; Mr. Storey, 3d. Nectarines , two dishes. — Mr. Jamieson, gr. to Earl Crawford and Balcarres, Haigh Hall, 1st ; and Mr. Bannerman, Wigan, was 2d ; Mr. Oilman, 3d. Single dish of Nectarines. — 1st, Mr. Jameison ; 2d, Mr. Oilman ; 3d, Mr. J. Douglas, gr. to F. Whil- bourne, Esq., Great Gearies, Ilford. Varieties of Peaches shown were — Early Albert, Stirling, Royal George, Grosse Mignonne, Galande, and Violet Hative ; and ol Nectarines — Lord Napier, Pine-apple, Violet Hative and Downton. Strawberries, three dishes. — These fruits were large and well coloured, especially Marguerite, President, Sir J. Paxton. Mr. Garraway, Bath, was winner of the Ist prize with the above sorts ; Mr. Iggulden, 2d, with fruit rather smaller. For a single dish of Strawberries, Mr. W. Wild- smith took the Ist prize with a very fine dish of President ; and Mr. G. Garraway 2nd, with Sir J. Paxton. Cherries two dishes, — These fruits were not seen in July 3, 1886.] THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. 25 great quantity, but were very well ripened. Mr. Hare, Esq., gr. to H. H. C. Nevile, Grantham, was 1st, witti Elton and Black Circassian ; Mr. Miles was 2d. In the single dishes the same exhibitors took the prizes in similar order, and Mr. G. H. Richards the 3d prize. Fig!. —Mr. Wallis 1st, for a dish of Brown Turkey, well ripened and large ; Mr. Jamieson 2d, with Lee's Prolific ; and Mr. Miles 3d, with Negro Lirgo, so that the three best varieties of Figs were represented in the winning dishes. Melons. — Of these there were fifteen couples ; Mr. Bailey, Frome, Somerset, 1st, for Longleat Perfec- tion, a sort like Eistnor Castle in appearance ; 2d, Mr. Gilman, with a sort unnamed. In Messrs. Suttons' competition Mr. Goodacre was the winner of the 1st prize, with Hero of Lockinge ; Mr. N. E. Owen was 2d, and Mr. Iggulden 3-1, with the same ; Mr. Lockie, gr., Oakley Court, Wmdsor ; Mr. Lyon, gr., Rockferry ; and Mr. G. Park, gr. to Coi. Parington, Wigan, taking the prizes in the order of their names for Melon Blenheim Orange. AppUs in excellent condition came from Messrs. Cheal & Sons, Crawley, Sussex ; twenty sorts were shown, French Crab, Gloria Mundi, and Norfolk Beefing being the soundest fruit. Messrs. Thomas Rivers & Sons had a very vigor- ous and clean lot of fruit trees in pots bearing heavy crops, many of them in a ripening condition. Espe- cially noticeable were the Cherries, Oranges, Lemons, Nectarines, and Peaches. Small pyramids in pots were also shown with several fruits on each. They were awarded a medal. Vegetables. We did Dot think these were so good as they might have been, many of the samples shown being small ; and the entries were by no means so numerous as the encouragement offered warranted us in expect- ing. Collection of eii^ht kinds, distinct. — 1st, Mr. G. T. Miles, gr. Wycombe Abbey ; in this the Veilch's Early Cauliflowers, White Elephant Onions, Canadian Wonder Beans, Pride of the Market Peas, were good, especially the first named. 2d, Mr. Richards, Somer- ley, this contained good things, the weak points being the Cauliflowers and Polatos. Mr. A. Miller and Mr. G. Garraway, were placed equal 3d, so that four out of the five collections shown received prizes. Potatos, three dishes. — 1st, Mr. F. Miller, gr. to J. Friend, Esq., Margate, Kent ; 2d, Mr. G. T. Miles ; 3d, Mr. Richards. The sorts shown were First and Best, Pride of the Market, Royal Ashleaf, Snowdrop, Porter's Excelsior, and Sutton's Ringleader. Single dish of Potatos — Mr. Goodacre was 1st, with a capital one of Ashleaf Kidney ; 2d, Mr. Miles; 3d, Mr. Oldfield, gr.. Chirk Castle, Ruabon. Beauty of Hebron and Snowdrop being shown by the last-named competitors. Peas, three varieties, fifty pods o] each.— "Wit Peas were not well filled, for which the ungenial weather experienced till quite recently is responsible. In this class Mr. H. W. Ward. gr. to Earl Radnor, Long- ford Castle, was 1st ; Mr. Iggulden 2J, Mr. Miles 3d. Peas, single dish. — Mr. Miles was Isl, Mr. H. Richards 2d, and Mr. Downham 3d, The sorts shown were — Telephone, William I., Telegraph, and Pride of the Market. Twelve Onions. — Of these, three dishes were shown, Mr. Miles being 1st, with White Elephant ; Mr. Richards 2d, and Mr. J. Garland, Exeter, 3d. Cabbages, three heads. — These were not over large, but seemed to be of good quality ; 1st, Mr. T Wilkins : 3d, Mr. J. Garland. Cauliflowers, three heads.—T^e. examples of these were neither very good nor numerous. The prizes fell to Mr. Wilkins. Mr. J- Barnett, The Deepdene, Dorking ; and to Mr. W. Iggulden. Toinatos, twelve fruits. — The display of these favourites was a good one, and added much to the interest of this tent ; 1st, Mr. Elsworthy, with Trophy; 2d, Mr. Bridge, with the same kind ; 3d, Mr. Long, Rockferry, with Dedham Favourite — a fine lot, apparently misplaced. Cucumbers one brace. — Many of these in great variety were shown; ist, Mr. Osen, with All the Year Round ; Mr. Oldfield 2d, and Mr. Leigh 3d, both with Telegraph. Messrs. Sutton and Sons' Prizes. These gentlemen offer liberal prizes for the best collections of twelve kinds of vegetables, and the competition for these was very spiriied. Mr. Miles loik the lit prize, with a superior lot of Cauliflowers, Kidney Beans, Tomatos, Marrows, Peas, Turnips, &c. ; Mr, J. Garland was 2d, Mr. Miller 3d, Mr. Iggulden 4th, Mr. Lambert 5th, and Mr. Wickens, Blandford 6ih. Mr. Richards, Somerley, got disqualified by reason of his showing two dishes of Potatos, but really deserved a prize for the excellence of his productions. Implement E.xiubition. Modes of heating a small conservatory from 10 — 20 feet long. The Silver Medal of the Society was awarded to Messrs. R. Halliday & Co., Middleton, Manchester ; and the Bronze Medal to Messrs. Mes- senger & Co., Loughborough. First-class Certificates were given in this competi- tion to Mr. Sam Deards, Harlow ; and to Mr. J. Watson, St. Alban's, for a mode of heating with gas, modes of fixing hot-water piping, valves, &c. The Silver Medal was granted to Messrs. Foster & Pearson, Bieston. Notts, for a collection of valves, new pipe joints, &c. ; and a Bronze Medal to Messrs. Messenger for piping and valves, flanges, &c. ; plant- house, or vinery, or orchard-house. Messrs. Foster & Pearson secured the Silver Medal for a plant-house; a Silver Medal was awarded to Messrs. Richardson & Co.. Darlington, for a forcing- house ; and to Messrs. R. Halliday & Co., Middleton, Manchester, for span and lean-to houses ; Messrs. A. Peel & Sons, Wood Green, London, received the Bronze Medal for a plant-house (portable) ; the same award was made to Messrs, Wrinch & Sons, Ipswich. A Bronze Medal was awarded to Messrs. Lowe & Sons, Chester Road, Manchester, for greenhouses, vineries, &c. ; and they were Commended for a port- able house with boiler and house complete. Messrs. Stewart & Jack received a Bronze Medal and were Commended for a cheap small bouse (portable). Movable Pits and Frames.— Mt. John Webster, Prince Allred Road, Wavertree, obtained a Silver Medal for an improved garden frame ; Messrs. Foster & Pearson a similar award for a movable plant-house ; and Messrs. J. Crespin & Sons, 58, Milk Street, Bristol, a Bronze Medal for a portable frame, and for a propa- gating case. Improvements in Glazing. — There were many systems shown of these desiderata, Messrs. J. Crespin & Sons being awarded the Bronze Medal lor Hum's Patent Automatic Ventilator ; Mr. S- Deards, the Silver Medal lor the patent "Victoria" dry glazing. Hand Mowers.— T\se Silver Medal was awarded to Messrs. Chadhorn & Coldwell. Manufacturing Com- pany, 223, Upper Thames Street, London, E.G. (Mr. Thos. Clarke, manager), for Excelsior Hand- power Mower. The machine is provided with a seat for the driver, and shafts or traces can be atached. The New Mjdel, a hand machine, has exceedingly light draught, cuts grass of any height, and does not rib, besides having other advantage for garden use. Messrs. Birlord & Perkins received the Silver Medal for the Godiva Mower, for eveness of work. Garden Cutlery.— K Bronze Medal was awarded to Messrs. Glassy & Co., 54, Victoria Street, Liver- pool, for implements used in the garden. Garden Pottery.— \U. John Matthews received the Silver Medal lor his deservedly much appreciated pots, vases, &c., and also Mr. J. Crute, 14, Knight- rider Street, London, E.G., for concave-bottomed pottery, rustic work in clay, window boxes, tiles, &c. The Bronze Medal was awarded to Messrs. Glassy & Co., for garden tools ; and turf lifting machinery, by Mr. F. T. Drummond, Colon Hall, Bridgnorth, was commended. Messrs. Leedham & Heaton, Leeds, obtained a Bronze Medal for tools ; and Dr. H. Sweete, Worcester was Commended for a patent handy bedding and potting barrow. VVircivork. —A Bronze Medal was awarded to Messrs. W. H. Peake & Sons, for training arches ; and a Silver Medal to Mr. J. Braham, 104, Dale Street, Liverpool, fjr a varied lot of wirework. A Bronze Medal was awarded to Messrs. Brookes & Co , 4, Cateaton Street, Manchester, (or wire rosery, arches, &c. Garden Seals, C/;heric Pressure. — During the week ending June 26, the reading of the barometer at the level of the sea increased from 29 S2 inches at the beginning of the week, to 30.08 inches by i p.m. on the 2ist, decreased to 29 77 inches by i p.m. on the 23rd, increased to 30.04 inches by 9 AM. on the 24th, decreased to 29 99 inches by 5 P.M. on the same day, increased to 30.04 inches by 9 A m., and decreased to 3002 inches by 5 p.m. on the 25th, increased to 30 09 inches by 9 a.m. on the 26th, and was 30.05 inches by the end of the week. The mean reading of the barometer for the week at the level of the sea was 29 99 inches, being o.oi inch lower than last week, and the same as the average of the week. Temperature. — The highest temperature in the shade in the week was 76". 5 on the 26th ; on the 2lst the highest temperature was 57°. o. The mean of the seven high day temperatures was 67*.2, The lowest temperature was 45°.2, on the 21st ; on the 23rd, the lowest temperature was 53". o. The mean of the seven low night temperatures was 49°- 8. The greatest range of temperature in one day was 24°. 5, on the 26th ; on the 22nd the smallest, was io°.9. The mean of the seven daily ranges was 17°, 4. The mean temperatures were, on the 20tb, 55". 3 ; on the 2ist, 50°. 3 ; on the 22fid, 56°.! ; on the 23rd, 60". I ; on ths 24ih, 5S°.9 ; oh the 25ch, 6i''.4 ; and on the 26 h, 64^o ; of these the first five were below their averages by 4". 6, g'.S, 4^3, o°.6 and, 2°.o respectively, and the last two were above by o''.3 and 2'.8. The mean temperature of the week was 58°. o, being 4^.6 higher than last week, and 2°.6 below the average of the week. The highest reading of a thermometer with black- ened bulb in vacuo placed in the full rays of the sun, was 133°. 5, on the 24'h. The mean of the seven readings was 121°. 9. The lowest reading of a minimum thermometer placed on ihe grass was 37°. 7, on the 24rh. The mean of the seven readings was 43*. i. J^cein. — Rain fell on the 22nd to the amount of 0,04 inch. England : Temperature. — During the week end- ing June 26, the highest temperatures were 7S°.o at Cambridge, 76°. 5 at Blackheath, 73''.S at Plymouth ; the highest at Sunderland, 63".o, at Liverpool, 64". S, at Newcastle, 65''.o. The general mean was 69°. 7. The lowest temperatures were 41'. at Wolver- hampton, 42''.4 at Cambridge, 43" at Bristol ; the lowest at Preston was 50°, at Liverpool, 48". 7, at Newcastle, 48°. The general mean was 45°. 5- The greatest ranges were 35°. 6 at Cambridge, 31". 3 at Blackheath, 27^.8 at Wolverhampton; the least ranges were 16*. I at Liverpool, 17° at Newcastle, and 18" at Sunderland. The general mean was 24°. 2. The mean of the seven high day temperatures was highest at Cambridge, 69°, at Plymouth and Brighton 68". 2 ; and was lowest at Sunderland 60^.7, at Liverpool 60°. 8, and at Newcastle 6 1°. 3. The general mean was 64°. 4. The mean of the seven low night temperatures was highest at Plymouth, 52°. 5, at Preston 51". 7, at Liver- pool 51°. I ; and was lowest at Wolverhampton, 46". 8. at Hull 47", and at Cambridge 47°.4. The general mean was 49°. 5. The mean daily range was greatest at Cam- bridge 2i°,6, at Brighton iS°.i, at Blackheath 17°. 4 ; and was least at Liverpool 9°. 7, at New- caitle 12°. I, at Bradford I2°.7. The general mean was 1 4". 9. The mean temperature was highest at Plymouth 58°.6, at Blackheath 58°.o, at Brighton 57^.4 ; and was lowest at Sunderland 52°.5, at Hull 52°. 7, at Wolverhampton 53°. I. The general mean was 55°.2. Rain. — The largest falls were o. 15 inch at Preston, 0.14 inch at Brighton, o.oS inch at Cambridge and Liverpool ; the smallest falls were o.oi inch at Hull and Bradford. No rain fell at Truro, Plymouth, Bristol, Sheffield, or Leeds. The general mean fall was 0.04 inch. Scotland : Temperature^ — During the week end- ing June 26, the highest temperature was 79°, at Perth ; at Leith the highest was 67°. 9. The general mean was 73°.4. The lowest temperature in the week was 41°. 5, at Aberdeen ; at Paisley the lowest temperature was 47". The general mean was 44^.9. The mean temperature was highest at Perth, 56°. 5, and lowest at Greenock, 53°.9. The general mean was 55°.3. Ratn, — The largest fall was 0.35 inch at Greenock, and the smallest fall was 001 inch at Leith, No rain fill at Glasgow, Dundee or Perth. The general mean fall was o 07 inch. JAMES GLAISHER. F.R.S. *' He thai questtonetk tnuch shall learn much" — Bacon. Double Sweet Brier. — Can any reader state where iiis can be procured? It is said to be known in the tighbourhood of Southampton. Answers to Correspondents. 'Our Telegraphic Address. — Our correspondents are requested to bear in mind that our Registered Telegraphic Address is " Gakdchron, LONDON." Teiei^rams {but not letters) thus addressed will reach the Editor or the Publisher without other address being needed. Adiantum Capillus-Veneris: Old Reader. Whether lliis can be shown as a hardy British Fern is one of the debatable points connected with the exhibition of Ferns, and would be decided by the particular views of the judges. We should say it is not admissible, because not truly hardy, though it may survive in a very lavourable sheltered situation. We have had it killed in an unheated greenhouse, which would appear to be a favourable position rather than otherwise, and yet it has succumbed, the plants being, of course, frozen. Unless an exceptionally large specimen, it is scarcely bold enough to group with other British Ferns. Covering up Beech Trees and Killing Ants G. Hiliifr. It would hardly do to cover up the trunks of the trees with the earth, but you can build a wall of bricks round the tree (allowing a little space between the wall and the tree), so as to keep the pressure of the earth off the trunk, and to allow air. Ants may be best destroyed by diluted carbolic acid, gas-tar, guano-water, and paraffin being poured into their nests. Insects : W. M. The objects found inside an acorn, at Cannes, in January, are quite new to us. They are the cocoons or cases inclosing a parasitic Hymenopterous larva with horny toothed mandibles. Please send more particulars. Were all found in one acorn ? — J . K. Your Pear tree has been infested, under the bark, with the larvse of a small moth (Tortrix Wce- berana, Gardenen' Chronicle, September 6, 1884 ; or, CEcophora, Gardeners' Chronicle, 1851, p. 404 ?) The pupa skins are left in the burrows, the moths having escaped. The extravasated fap has exuded from the wounds made by the 'msec\s.—Ch£lsea. We have only found a very few individuals of a thrip on the leaves sent — no mites. Try repeated fumigation with alter 28 THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. [July 3. 1886. nate syringing.— /4. D. W. A very damaged specimen of ari aphis-feeding two winged fly (Syrphus-syzitta- pipiens, Linn.) /. O. IV. Mowing Machine; G.P.J?. We cannot recommend makers, but any respectable ironmongei would inform you on the point. Names of Plants : IV, Af. Epidendrum selligerum. — H/. Af. P. &* Co. Probably Jean Ducher.— y. Uiia^e Rhus To.vicodendron.— C. P. P. Helianthe- mum vulgare var. ovatum ; H. vulgare var. syriacum ; Sempervivum hispiduluni ; Veronica prostrata ; Prim- ula farinosa. and Saxifraga geum.— been very little done. For the barley crops it does not appear that hopes are much brightened, and from abroad last week imports into London were nil. Prices consequently steady, but with a very dragging trade. Beans, from like causes, tended against buyers. Peas, with a slow sale, were unchanged. Oats, common sorts, were easier ; good corn showed little, if any change. June 20. — The effect of the forcing weather is to in- crease the flatness in the markets for Wheat and flour, and to diminish the supplies of home-grown. Where business has been done in either Wheal or fiour on the spot since Monday it has been at easier rates. Barley arrives in very limited quantity from any source, and prices are steady, but the trade is very slow. Beans, from scarcity, are firm, and tend against buyers. Peas and Lentils, unchanged. Oats rem.iin at about late rates. Average prices oi corn for the week ending June 26 : — Wheat, 315. id. ; Barley, 24T. iid. ; Oats, aot. \od. For t le corresponding period last year :— Wheat, 32f. 2,d. ; Barley, 281. 3*/. ; Oats, 22J, 4*/. FRUITS AND VEGETABLES. Columbia (East London) : yw«^ 30.— Good supplies of fruit and vegetables, and St. Malo and Cherbourg new Potatos are arriving in large quantities. Trade good. Quotations : — Gooseberries, y. to 4-r. 6d. pei sieve ; Peas, 2J. 6d. to 35. do.; do. in sacks, 4t. ed. to 6^. per sack ; Cabbages, 4J. to Zs. per tally ; Radishes, 31. to 4J. 6d. do ; Lettuces, 6d. to lod. per score ; bunch Rhubarb, is. 6d. to 2j. per dozen bunches ; do. Greens, 3J. to 4J-. do. ; do. spring Onions, 6s. to 8j. do. ; do. Parsley, 21. to 31. do. ; do. Mint, is. 6d. to 2s. do. Stratford : j^une 29.— Good supplies of all kinds of produce, and with good attendance of buyers a fair trade was transacted at the undermentioned prices : — Cabbages, 5^. to js. per tally ; Turnips, 31. to 41. per dozen bunches ; Carrots, household. 31. to 4^, do. ; Mangels, 22s. to 251. per ton ; green Peas, ;^s. to 3J. 6d. per bushel ; do.. 7s. to 8s. 6d. per bag ; Onions. 3:. to 4J. 6(/. per dozen bunches ; Parsley, is. 6d. to 2s. do. ; Cucumbers, English, 2s. to 4s. perdoz.; Cherries, is. to IS. 3^. per basket ; Apncots, u. to 2s. per case ; black Currants, 31. to 5^. per basket. POTATOS. Borough and Spitalfields : yune 29.— Supplies of new are sensibly increasing, and prices lowering. Some English are showing, but the supplies are chiefly from France and Jersey. The assortment of old is narrowed a good deal, and quotations are lower. New French and Jersey round, 55. 6d. to 6s.; Kidneys, 8s. to gs. per cwt.; old Magnum Bonums, 70s. to 85J. ; Cham- pions, 60^. to 651. per ton. Columbia (East London) : yune 30. — Jersey, St. Malo. and Cherbourg new Potatos are arriving in large quantities, and meet a good sale at moderate prices. The old Potato trade is now nearly over. Quotations ; — New Jersey kidneys, 51. to 6s. ; do. rounds, 4r. to ^s. 6d.; St. Malo kidneys, ^s. gd. 1051. 6d.; do. rounds, 4i. 6d. to 5J. ; Cherbourg do., 4J. gd. to u. 6d. per cwt. ; old : 65J. to 901. per ton. Stratford: June 29.— Quotations :— Old: Mag nums, 60J. to 75J. ; do. inferior, 45J. to 50^. per ton New : Jersey Kidneys, 5J. to 75. ; do. rounds, 5J. to 6s. per cwt. HAY. Whitfxhapel : June 29.— Moderate supplies, and dull trade. Quotations : — Clover, prime, gos. to 1075. ; inferior, yos. to 85J. ; hay, prime, 70J. to oos. ; inlerior, 40J. to 631. ; and straw, 25J. to 36J. per load. Cumberland (Regent's Park) : yune 29.— There was a good supply of meadow hay and Clover, with prices rather in favour of sellers for meadow hay. Quotations : — Clover, best, 90^. to io5.r. ; second, 75J. to 85^. ; hay, best, 84J-. to 90J. ; seconds, 70J. to 80s. ; and straw, 30J. to 36J. per load. yuly I. — There was a fair supply on sale. The trade was better, and prices were firm. Qovemment Stock.— On Monday and Tuesday Consols closed at loi^ to 101 J for both delivery and the account. The same final prices were quoted on Wednesday. Thursday's closing figures were loi^ to joiS for both transactions — the quotations being ex div. PURE WOOD charcoal B AMBOO CANE.— No Nursery or Garden should be without. Ten limes moie duiatic ihan wocd, and easily manufactured. P. B. HARKIN. importer. Dutton Street, Liverpool. SKINNER & BOARD, BHISTOL, HORTICULTURAL BUILDERS 4 HOT-WATER ENGINEERS. PATENTEES VENETIAN^ FRUIT & FLOWER •==^ J/ 1 OPEN FOR VENTILATJON R.H.S. EXHIBITION at LIVERPOOL. At Wavertree Park, JUNE sg lo JULY 5, i886. STANDARD MANUFAC- TURING COMPANY, Strand Arcade, Derby, Exh'bit their TRFE PEU>ERS and r,ew ■'AERIAi '• f RUN ING HIIOKS, saw;, and SWIT- CHfS; a'so ih-.ir new Auioma- tic Twig and Small B anch CLIPPERS ; also F.u.t and Flower GATHERERS, &r. Facilities afforded for the visitors to try the ImFUments in actual use at the Company's SKELETON HANDLIGHTS, to hold Glass or Slates (or Wire Netting for Venii'ation and Protection from Rabbits. Fowls, &c.) ; either can be exchanged in a lew minutes. The Glass, Slates, or Wire Netting, is secured by Patent Adjustable Clips. They are equally efficient as Handlights or on a Frame ; can be made any length, with or without Frames. A Light 5 feet long, 2 feet wide in clear, with- out Glass, &C-, loi. : with Glass, or Slates or Wire Netting. 151. Patentee, J. GODDARD, F.R.H.S., 13, Radipole Road, Fulhani, London, S.W. DAVI D LOWE & SONS, HORTICULTURAL BUILDERS HOT-WATER ENGINEERS, GILMORE PARK. EDINBURGH; and CORNBROOK, CHESTER ROAD, MANCHESTER. Plans and Estimates on application for every description of Horticultural Buildings in Wood or Iron. Garden Frames and Sashes in Stock. B.W-WA-R«II-RST LONDON-MADE HOSE and FITTINOS. SHAND, MASON & CO.'S NEW RED RUBBER MINERALIZED ANTIMONIAL Is made of Pure Rubber, by a Special Process. It does not crack or peel as ordinary Vulcanised Indiarubber Hose, and IS of great durability. One quality only is made, whicb is guaranteed to stand 300 lb. to the square inch. The fittings are of GuD-metal. of the most improved pattern, and carefully and <>trongly made in a similar manner to those intended for Fire Erigade use. SHAND, MASON & CO., 7S, Upper Ground Street, Blackfrlars Road, London, July 3, 1886.] THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. 29 THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE (EstabUshed 1841) CONTAINS ARTICLES ON ALL DEPARTMENTS OF GARDENING, PRACTICAL AND SCIENTIFIC, REPOR TS of EXHIBITIONS, RE VIEWS of BOOKS, and NO TICES of all HOR TICUL TURAL MA TIERS of CURRENT INTEREST, HOME, COLONIAL, and FOREIGN CORRESPONDENCE. Special attention is given to the following subjects :— FLOWER GARDENS. FORCI NG.— FORESTRY. FRUIT CULTURE. GREENHOUSE PLANTS. HERBACEOUS PLANTS. IMPLEMENTS.— INSECTS. KITCHEN GARDENING. LANDSCAPE GARDENING. LAWNS— LILIES. MACHINES. MANURES— Analyses of. Original Illustrations by IV. H. FITCH, F.L.S., W. G. SMITH, F.L.S., W. ALPINE PLANTS. ARBORETUM— The. BEDDING PLANTS. BEES.— BOTANY. BULBOUS PLANTS. CHEMISTRY OF PLANTS. CONIFERS. DISEASES OF PLANTS. EVERGREENS. EXHIBITIONS.— FERNS. FLORISTS' FLOWERS. MARKET GARDENING. NEPENTHES.— ORCHIDS. PALMS.— PLANTING. PLEASURE GROUNDS. POMOLOGY. POTATOS. RHODODENDRONS. ROCKERIES.— ROSES. SHRUBS and SHRUBBERIES. STOVE PLANTS.— SOILS. SUCCULENT PLANTS. TOWN GARDENING. TRAINING. TRAVEL— Notes of. TREES — Deciduous and Ever- green. VEGETABLE CULTURE. VEGETABLE PHYSIOLOGY VINES.— WALKS.— WALLS. WEATHER.— WEEDS. WINDOW GARDENING. WOODS, &c., &c., &c. J. WELCH, and Others. ADLAM(H.), Natal ANDERSON U-) ANDR (E.), Paris ANTOINE IF.), the late, Vienna ATKINS (J.) AUSTEN U). Wiiley Court Gardens . . BACKHOUSE (T.), York BADEN.POWELL(H.) BADGER (E.W.) BAILLIE (W. M.), Luton Hoo Gardens BAINES(T.) BAKER (G.) BAKER(J. G.), F.RS BALFOUR (the late Professor) . BALL(J.), F.R.S BANCROFT (G), M.D. BARRON (A. F.), Chiswick .. BAXTER (W. H.), Botanic Gardens. Oxford BEIJERINCK,Dr,,Wagcr.:„gen BENNLT (H.), M.D., Mentone BENNETT (A. W.) BENNETT (G ), M.D., Sydney BENTHAM (the late G.), F.R.S, BERGMAN (E.), Paris .. BERKELEY(Rev. M.J.),F.R.S. BLACKMORE(R. D.).. BLAIR (T), Shrubland Gardens BOISSIER (E.), the late, Geneva BONAVIA(Dr.), N. W. P. India BOSCAWEN (Hon. & Rev. J. T.) BOULGER (G. S.), F, L. S. . . BOYLE (Hon. Mis. E. V.) BRADSHAW (A.), Waddesdon BRIG HT'ithe late' H. A.")' '. '. BRITTEN (I I, BiitishMuseum BROWN (N. E.). Kew .. BULLEN (R.), Botanic Garden, Glasgow BURBIOGE (F. W.), Botanic Garden, Dublin BURVENICH (Fr), Ghent .. CARMICHAEL iC. A. M.). Henley-in-Arden CARUEL (Professor), Florence.. CASPARY(Prof.), Kcenigsberg . . CHALLIS(T.) CHITry(W.), Pewsey .. CLARKE (Col. TREVOR) . . CLARKE (C. B.). F.R.S. COBBOLD (T. S.), F.R.S. COLEMAN (W.), Eastnor Castle Gardens COOKE (M. C.) COOMBER(J ), The Hendre .. CO0MBER(W.). Regent's Park COOPER (Sir DAN., Bart.) .. CORNUlPro'essorMj.Dlrecor of the Jardin dcs PUntes, Paris C0RREVON(H.), Geneva .. CREWE (the late Rev. H . H.) . . CROSSLING (R.), Sl Pagan's Clastic Gardens DARWIN (the late CHARLES) DEAN(A.) DEAN(R.) DECAISNE(thelalePror),Paris DECANDOLLE(A ), Geneva.. DEHERAIN (Professor), Paris.. DE MAR. Boston, U.S.A. DEWAR(Mr.), Royal Gardens, Kew DOD (Rev. C. W.) D'OMBRAIN (Rev. H. H.) .. DOUGLAS (J.), Great Gcaries, Ilford DOWNIE 0 ). Edinbuigh DRUDE (Professor), Dresden .. DRUERY(C.) DUCHARTRE Professor), Paris Among the Contributors to recent Volumes may be mentioned :- Colonial Notes. DUNN (M.). Dalkeith ., Practical Gardening. Orchids. DUTHIE 0- F.), Saharunpore., Colonial Notes. Foreign Correspondence. DYER (BERNARD) .. Chemical Analyses. Foreign Correspondence. DYER (W. T. T.). Director. Practical Gardening. Royal Gardens, Kew Garden Botany. EARLEY(\V.) Practical Gardening. Practical Garde:. ing. EICHLER (Professor). Director Orchid (Alpine) Culture. Imperial Bot. Garden, Berlin ELLACoMBE (Rev. H. N). Foreign Correspondence. Forestry. Gar en Botany. Practical Gardening. ELWES(H. J.) ENGELMANN (the lateG.), St. Garden Botany. Practical Gardening. Louis, U.S..A. .. Conifers. Practical Gardening. EVANS (A.). LMhe Hill Gardens Practical Gardening. Practical Gardeniug. EVERSHED(H.) Garden Literature, Garden Botany. EWBANK{Rev. H.), Ryde .. Practical Gardening. Garden Botany. FENZI(Cav. E.), Florence .. Foreign Correspondence Alpine Plants. FINDLAY(B.j. Manchester .. Practical Gardening. Queensland CorrespondeDCe FISH (D. T.). Hardwicke Fruit Culture. Gardens Practical Gardening. FISHER (Rev. 0.)' Roses. Practical Gardening. FITCH (W. H.), F.L.S. Illustrations. Diseases of Plants. FOSTER (Dr. M.), F R.S. Plant Physiology, Irids. Foreign Corre-spondence, FOWLER (A.), Castle Kennedy VegEtable Physiology. Gardens Practical Gardening. Australian Correspondence. FRASER(J,), Kew Practical Gardening. Garden Botany. GIBSON(WM.) Town Gardening. Foreign Correspondence. GILBERT (J. H.). F.R.S. Vegetable Chemistry. Diseases of Plants. GLAISHER(J.), F.R.S. Meteorology. Pomology. GRAY (Prof. ASA), Boston . . Garden Botany. Practical Gardening. GREEN (CHARLES) .. Plant Culture. Garden Plants. GRIEVE(P.), Bury St. Edmunds GRINDON(LEO) Practical Gardening Indian Notes. Garden Literature. Landscape Gardening. HANBURY(T.), Mentone .. Foreign Correspondence. Vegetable Physiology. HART a.). Jamaica .. .. Colonial Notes. Amateur Gardening. HEMSLEY(\V. B.) Garden Botany. HEMSLEY(A) Practical Gardening. Orchid Culture. HENRY(thelateI. ANDERSON) Garden Plants. Notes from a Lancashire HENRIQUEZ (Pro^.). Coimbra Foreign Correspondence. Plant Lore. [Garden. HENSLOW(Rev. G.) .. Vegetable Physiology. Garden Botany. HOOKER (Sir J. D.). K C.S.I. Garden Botany. HORNER (Rev. F. D ) . . Florists' Flowers. Orchid Notes. HUDSON (J.), Gunnersbury Gardens Flower Gardening, Garden Botany. IM THURN (EVERARD), Landscape Gardening, British Guiana. . Colonial Notes. INGRAM (W.), Belvoir Gardens Practical Gardening. Garden Literature. JACKSON (J. R ), Kew Museum Economic Bouny. Foreign Correspondence. JOLY(C.), Paris Foreign Correspondence. Foreign Correspondence, JULIAN(RICHD.), F.R.I. B.A. Garden Architecture. Practical Gardening. KING (Dr.). Director Royal Bo- Beekeeping. tanic GarJen, Calcutta Colonial Notes. Garden Botany. KNIGHT (H.) Practical Gardening. Garden Botany. KOLB(MAX). Munich .. Foreign Correspondence. Diseases of Plants. KRELAGE(E. H.), Haarlem .. Foreign Correspondence. LANGE(Prof.). Cooenhagen .. Foreign Correspondence. Practical Gardening. LAVALLfiE (the bic ALPH.), Fungi. Paris .. : Garden Botany. Practical Gardening. LAWRENCE (Sir TREVOR), Practical Gardening. President Royal Hort. Soc. . . Orchids. Australian Correspondence. LEICHTLIN (MAX), Baden Baden Garden Plants. LOWNE, (B. T.). F.R C.S .. Amateur Gardening. Alpine Plants. LYNCH (R. I.), Cambridge Garden Plants. Botanic Garden MACLACHLAN (R.). F.R.S. .. Garden Botany. Insects. Practical Gardening. MACOWAN (Prof.), Cape loM'n Colonial Notes. Physiology of Plants. MANGLES(theIate J.H.). F.L.S Rhododendrons. Practical Gardening. MARIES (C) Japan Plants. Floriculture. MAW(G.), F.L.S Crocus— Garden Plants. Garden Botany. MEEHAN (T.), Philadelphia .. American Correspondence Gaiden Botany, &c. MELVILLE (D.), Dunrobin Vegetable Chemistry. Gardens Practical Gardening. Foreign Correspondence. MICHAEL (.\.D.). MICHIE (C. Y.), Cullen House, Garden Insects. Practical Gardening. Banff Forestry, Garden Plants. MILES (G. T.), Wycombe Abbey Roses. Gardens Practical Gardening. MILLER (W.), Combe Abbey.. Practical Gardening. Practical Gardening. MONTEIROiChcv) Lisbon .. Foreign Correspondence. Practical Gardening. MOORE (F. W.), Glasnevin Bo- Foreign Correspondence. tanic Garden Practical Gardening. Ferns- MOORE (T.), Botanic Gardec, Foreign Correspondence. Chelsea Ferns. MORREN (Professor), Li-ge .. MORRIS (D.), Jamaica.. MUELLER (Baron Sir FERD. v.), Melbourne MURRAY (G.). British Museum MURTON(H. J), Siam NAUDIN(C.), Antibes .. NELSON (C. J), Orange Free State NICHOLSON (G.). Kew O'BRIEN (JAMES) O'BRIEN (T.) Propagation. OLIVER (CapL S.) .. .. Foreign Correspond. OLIVER(Prof ). F.R S. .. Garden BoUny. OLIVEIRA (J. D'), Oporto .. Foreign Correspond! ORMEROD(Miss) .. .. Insects. PAGET (Sir JAMES) .. .. Diseases of Plants. PAUL (GEORGE) .. .. Floriculture. PAUL(WM.) Floriculture. PFITZER (Prof.), Heidelberg .. Orchids. PHILIPS (W.) Fungi-Plant Disea! PLANCHON(Prof.),Moiitpellier Foreign Correspond. PL0WR1GHT(C. B) ~ ~ PRESTO (H.), Trinidad PYNAERT (E ), Ghent .. REGEL(E), St. Petersburg .. REICHENBACH (Professor) .. RICHARDS (G. H.), Somerley Gardens . . Practical Gardening. RIDLEY(H.N.),BritishMi RIVERS (F.),Sawbridgew ROBERTS (J.) Pract ROBINSON (J. F.) .. .. Bees. RODIGAS(E.), Ghent .. .. Foreign Correspondence, P.OLFE, Royal Gardens, Kew.. Garden Botany. RUST (J. I Practical Gardening. SARGEANT (C. W.). Boston .. American Correspondcnc SAUL (M.I, York Practical Gardening. SCHO.MBURGK(Df.). Adelaide ColonUl Notes. SHEPPARD (J.). Wolverston Gardens SIEMENS(thelateSirW.)F.R.S. SMEE(A, H.), Wallingtoo .. SMITH (W. G.), F.L.S SMITH (T.), New Zealand .. SMITH IJ ). Mentmore Gardens SORAUER (Prof.), Proskau .. STEIN, Breslau Gardens STRICKLAND (Sir C.) SUKINGAR (Professor), Leyden SWAN (W.), Howick House, . Plants. Foreign Correspondei Arboretum. Orchid Culture. Colonial Notes. Foreign Correspondence. Foreign Correspondence. Orchids. Orchids. Fruit Culture. al Gardening. Practical Gardening. Electric Light. Practical Gard ning. Illustrations — Fungi. Colonial Notes. Practical Gardening. Diseases of Plants. Garden Botany. Garden Botany. Foreign Corresponden< SYME(G.), Jamaica .. THOMAS (O.). Chalsworth Gds. THOMSON |W.>, Clovenfords.. THURBER(G), New York .. TOD ARO ( Baron) . Palermo . . TRIMEN(H.), Ceylon .. VEITCH(H.) VILMORIN(H). Paris.. WALLISO). Keele Gardens .. WARD (H. W.), Longford Castle WARD (MARSHALL) !! .'! WARINGTON (R.) WATSON (SERENO), Boston, U.S.A WATSON (W.), Kew .. WATT (Dr), Calcutta .. WEBSTER (J). Gordon Castle Garde: Orchid Culture. Colonial Notes. Practical Gardening. Vines. American Corresponder Garden Botany. Colon.al Notes. Orchids. Foreign Correspondenci Practical Gardening. Practical Gardening. Diseases of Plants. Vegetable Chemistry. Practical Gardening. WEBSTER (A. D.), Penrhyn Castle . . . . . . . . Forestry. WEIR (H).,Tunbridge Wells .. Gardening for Are WESTWOOD (Professor) .. Insects. WILDSMITH (W.), Heckfield Gardens Practical Gardening. WILLIS (J. W.), Harpenden .. Chemistry. WILSON (G. F.), F.R.S. .. Lilies, &c. WILSON (D.) Practical Gardening. WITTMACK (Dr.), Berlin .. Foreign Correspondence. WOLKENSTElN.St. Petersburg Foreign Correspondence. With iBany other*. 30 THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE.. [July 3, iS THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. SCALE OF CHARGES FOR ADVERTISING. Head Ltm charged as two, 15 Lines. ..£0 8 4 Lines. ..;^o 3 5 „ ... o 3 6 „ ... o 4 10 11 12 13 14 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 o 12 o 13 o 13 Page Half Page .. Column 350 GARDENERS, and OTHERS, WANTING SITUATIONS. 26 words IS. 6d., and f>d. for every additional line (about 9 words) or part of a line. IMPORTANT NOTICE. — Advertisers are cautioned against having Letters addressed to Initials at Post-offices, as all Letters so addressed art opened by the authorities and returned to the sender. Births, Dbaths and Marriages. 5J. each insertion. Advertisements for the current week must reach th* Office bv Thursday noon. All Subscriptions Parable In Advance. Thk United Kingdom : 12 Months, l\ 3s. lOd. : 6 Months, lis. lid. : 3 Months, 6S. FoRRiGN {excepting India and China) : includine Postage, £1 63. for 12 Months ; India and China, £1 8S. 2d. Post-office Orders to be made payable at 42, DRURY LANE, W.C, to W. Richards. Pc'BLisHiNG Office and Office for i^avERTisEMENTS, 41, Wellbgton Street, Strand, London. W.C. "Gather Honey from Your Flowers.' NEIGHBOUR'S CELEBRATED BEE-HIVES For talcing Honey without the Destruction ( f the Bees. Philadelphia Exhibilion, .8;6. Paris Exhibition, 1878. GEO. NEIGHBOUR & SONS COTTAGE BEEHIVE, ^s originally introduced by them, uotking three bell-glasses or tray f sectional supers, is neatly and rjngly made of straw; it has ree windows in the lower Hive. This Hive will be found I ss many practical advar is more easy of management n any other that has been troduced. Price complete £1 15 0 Stand for ditto 0 10 6 THE GUINEA FRAME HIVE, 'THE APIARY," by Alfred Neighbour, s.r. GEO. NEiaHBOTJR & SONS, 127, HIGH HOLBORN, LONDON, W C, and 149, REGENT STREET, LONDON, W. Established 1815. H Oil Paint no Longer Necessary. ILL AND SMITH'S BLACK VARNISH, for Preserving Ironwork. Wood, or Stone. This VARNISH is an excellent substitute for oil paint or any outdoor work, while ii is fully two-thirds cheaper. It was introduced upwards of forty years ago by the Advertisers, and its genuine good quality, notwithstandine a host of unprincipled imitators, is fully attested by its constantly increasing sale. It may be applied by an ordinary labourer, requiring no mixing or thinning, and is used cold. It is used in the grounds at Windsor Castle, Kew Gardens, and at the seats of most of the Nobility and Gentry, from whom the most flattering testimonials have been received. Sold in Casks of about 30 gallons each, at u. td. per gallon, UNSOLICITED TESTI!VIONIAL. From Alfred Lowe, Esq., The Ryleys, Alderley Lodgt "Some twenty years ago I used >our Black Varnish, : shall be glad if you wdl forward me a cask, as I consider it best thing known for the preservation of all outdoor wr either wood or iron, that r CADTION.-HiLL & Customers against the vs advertised. Every ca-k is legibly mi Trade Mark as above, wil > be painted." H would particularly v . cheap Varnishes now vith their name and Registered Large Illustrated CATALOGUE on Fencing, Hurdles. Field and Entrance Gates, &c., sent free on application to HILL & SMITH, Erierly Hill Ironworks, near Dudley; 118, Queen Victoria Street, London. E.C. ; and t,l6, Stephen's Green, Dublin. Lawu Mowers r\r\ PER CFVl FOR vl I -ASH Otf, MAKERS ^U PRICES Cariiagepaid. All the Best Mains in Stock. Garden RoUers oby i8in. 505. I i6by i STlng Water-Barrows. I Wood Barrow. 15 Gall... lor. I 3iGall... ^f,s. ' Well made and cheap .. 34/6 aoGall... 36s. I 40 Gall... 541. Wilh loose top, as shown.. 32/0 LAWN MOWER REPAIRS, DEANK St CO. have SPECfAL FACILITIES (or Grind- inL' and Repairinc Lawn Mowers of all makes, a large staflf of EXPERIENCED WtjRKMEN being employed for the pur- po-e. THOROUGHNESS in REPAIR and MODERATE CHARGES guaranteed. Fstimites given in all cases before commencing the work. DEANE AND CO.'S ILLUSTRATED GARDEN CATA. LOGUE (the most complete published) free by post. DEANE & CO., E P P S ' S GRATEFUL-COMFORTING. COCOA GARDEN PLANT TRUCK. HOSE and REELS, I GARDEN ROLLERS, WATER BARROWS, PLANT TRUCKS, GARDEN ENGINES, | WHEELBARROWS. TUBE WELLS and WATER PIPES ROSERIES, ROSE FENCING, GARDEN ARCHES. HANGING BASKETS, WIRE WORK SCREENS WIRE TRELLIS, &c. R. HOLLIDAY. HORTICULTURAL IRON and WIRE WORKS. BEAUFORT STREET, CHELSEA, S.W. (GREENHOUSES, Span-roof, painted v^ coal, glass packed in box, stage both sides 8 feet by s leet. ^3 15J.; side lights toopen, fancy ridge lock on door irons for sashes. 5 guineas ; is fe^t by » feet, .£8 ; put rn rail free TALBERT, 3,, Soulhamptou StreeiT Camberwdl, S.E Accidents of Dally Life Insured against by the^ RAILWAY PASSENGERS' ASSURANCE COMPANY (Fstablished 1849), 6,, Cornhill, London. Capital £1.000,000. Income £246,000. Compensation paid for 112,000 Accidents, ^a 2(5,000. Chairman, Harvie M. Farquhar. Esq, Apply to the Clerks at the Railway Stations, the I ocil Agents, or Wesl-end Office :-8, Grand Hotel Buildings W C • orattheHeadOflice;— 64. Cornhill. London, EC. " ' ' ' WILLIAM J VIAN, Secretary. 0 VOOD ENCRWIMC ^ VORTMiNrroN C SMlTi-I DUNSTABLE. PARTNER WANTED. — A Gentleman, -L having capital, wishes to meet with a Partner in Fruit and Vegelable Growirg under Glass, in the Channel Islam 5 or England.-N., Carlion Lodge, Maidenhead. W ANTE or a^H EAD GARDENER', » » willing and obliging. Unexceptionable character required. — Address by letter, L., Howard's Printing Office, High Street, Sydenham, S.E. ' w nijhed Ranger's Lodge. Gr( ANTED, at the beginning of Julv, a GARDENER. Single man, Wiges /40, wiiii li.r- and light. One other employed. — Enquire, ch Park, SE. WANTED, in the County ot Sussei, a SINGLE-HANDED GARDENER, married, no children. Wife to attend to Lodge. Wages i,\ IJ. per week and lodge. Large Kitchen Garden, Lawns, Small Flower Garden, Drive, and Plantations. No glass. Assistance given in the way of extra labour when required. No application wi:l be considered that does not state full parliculars, age, last situa- tion, reason for leaving, &c — GARDENER, The Aylesbury Dairy Company, Limited, St. Petersburgh Place, Bayswaler, London, W. XXZ-AN TED, a WORKING FOREMAN, for » » a Nursery. Mu^t be well up in Forcing Bulbs and Growing Plants for Ma.ket.— Address, with palliculais to SHAW BROS., Market, Leed<. Foreman. T\/"ANTED, an energetic young MAN. '» Wages. 1 8s. per week. Boihi-. Milk and Vegetables —State full parliculars, W. CRANE, The Gardens, Ballvwaller Park, Ballywalter, Co. Down. ANTED, a PROPAGATOR, Inside and Out. Must be good at Roses —State particulars and wages reqmred, to NURSERYMAN, 2, Trinity Road, Jersey. ANTED, a GROWER of Indoor Roses for Market. Good wages to competent man — T C Woodside Nursery. HaUway Street. New EUbam. Kent, "' M & A. DICKSON & SONS energetic and trustworthy MAN, of ESSRS. F. REQUIRE igh experience, for the lies. Must be a skillul ai,d success ul Prrpagalor and ;r of Indoor Stock generally. Vine Growiog and Cut :rs are important features, and it will be needful that ants should be able to Manage and pioperly Cmtrol the ■tquisile for the Work of the Depart ment. — State age, ex- ith any other parliculars, F.&A.UICK- ueen's Seedsmen, Chester. SON & SONS. The Head Sbopman or Manager WANTED, a thorough energetic trust- wnrihy person, as HEAD SHOH.MAN in a Large Seed Establishment, who thoroughly understands the Trade in all its departments. None need apply whose capabilities ■nvestigaliop.— Apply, with copies of to VENUS, 5trand, W.C. WANTED, a CLERK, for the Nursery Trade. He will be requited to do the Correspon- dence, Book-keeping, and a few months Travelling during the season. A permanent and progressive situation given to a suitableman. Reply inownhandwriting.statingage, experience, and salarly expected. Advertiser will require good references as to character and ability.— SURREY, 118, High Street, Hounslow, Middlesex, July 3, 1886.J THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE.. 31 WANTED, a HEAD PACKER, must be thoroughly experienced and energetic. — Apply, in own hiodwriting to JAMES DICKSON and SONS, " Newton " Nurseries, Chester. WANTED, a young MAN (about iS) for Retail Shop. — Slate experience and wages required to B., Linden House, Reading. WANTED, a young LADY ASSISTANT, in the Fliwer and Fiuit Trade.— Must be thoroughly experienced in Bouquets, Wreaths, &c.— Mr. EDWARDS, Florist, Forest Hill, b.E. WANTED, AT ONCE, a young LADY ASSISTANT. Must be well up in Bouquet and Wreaih Making, &c.— Slate salary, with references, to PERKINS AND SONS, Warwick Road Nurseries. Coventry. WANT PLACES. GARAWAY AND CO. have many applica- tions for Situations from Competent Gaideoers. and will \>f. pleased to furnish particulars to any Lady or Gentlemaa,— GARAWAY AND CO., Durdhara Down, Clifton, Bristol. ''PO LANDED PROPRIETORS, &c.— A. J- McIntvre (late of Victoria Park) is now at liberty to undertake Formation and Planting of New Garden and Park Grounds, and Remodelling existmg Gardens. Plans prepared. 115, Listria Park, Stamford Hill, N. RICHARD SMITH and CO. bes to anDOunce that they are constantly receiving applications from Gardeners, seeking situations, and ihat they will be able to supply any Lady or Gentleman with particulars, &c. — St. John's N \, Worcester, GARDENERS, FARM BAILIFFS, and FORESTERS —We are always in a position to recom- mend MEN of ihe highest respectability, aid thoroughly practical at their business, readily furnishing full particulars on applicaiion.— JAMES DICKSON and SONS, -Newton" Nurseries, Chester. To Noblemen and Gentlemen requiring Land Agents, STEWARDS, BAILIFFS or GARDENERS. TAMES CARTER and CO. have at all '* times Upon their Register reliable and competent MEN, several of whom are personally well known to Messrs. Carter, — Enquiries should be made to 237 and 238. High Holbom. W.C. G G ARDENER (Head).— Thoroughly prac- tical Gardener seeks re-engagement. Excellent ch.-i- racler.— R. WALTON, Hilton Park, near Wolverhampton. ARDENER (Head).— Age 36, married ; r.ocd reference from late employer.— J . S., Holly Dell, North Road, North Finchley. N. ARDENER (Head).— Thoroughly unde7- stands Stove Plants, Orchids. Vjnes Melons, Kuchen Garden, &c. Skilful man. A successful Grower, Highly reccmmended.-H. Y., 9. Chestnut Grove, Bilham, S,W. ^ ARDENER (Head).— Mr. Chapman, "^ Gardener. Weston Birt, Tetbury. Gloucestershire, can with confidence recommet.d his Foreman to any Lady or Gen- tleman requiring the services of a competent man. GARDENER (Head).— Age 40 ; twenty-five years' experience; thirteen years as Head Gardener. First-class references, and good character. — N, N,, lo, Oamp- lon Street, Newington Butts, London, S.E. GARDENER (Head), where two or three are kept. — Age 33; good practical experience in all branches. Three years lu present situation ; can be highly re- commended by present employer. —F. B., Geo. Simpson, Eiq , Wray Paik, Reigate. GARDENER (HEAD).— Wm. Taylor, for the past five years Gardener to the Right Honourable Lord Wolverion Stanmore Park, is at liberty to engage with any Lady, Nobleman, or Gentleman lequiring a Gardener — WILLIAM TAYLOR, Stanmore Park Gardens, Stanmore.N.W. GARDENER (Head) ; age 29, married when suited.— R. Hubbard, The Gardens. Rushton Hall, Ketterirg, Northamptonshire, is at liberty to engage with any Lady or Gentleman requiring a thoroughly practical man. Fifteen years' experience in good establis,hments. Excellent references (rom past and present employers. ARDENER (Head); age 30.— A Sten- HOUSE, for the last three years Foreman at the Hon. Mrs. Meynell Ingram's, Temple Newsam, Leeds, is at liberty to engage with any gentleman requiring a good practical man, Firsi-class character.— A. STENHOUSE, 38, Stamford Road, Fulham. London. S.W. ARDENER (Head), where a man of ability and strict integrity is required, and the keeping of every- thing neat and tidy. — Age 35, married, two children ; total abstainer. Has bad twenty years' practical experience in the Cultivation of Grapes. Peaches, Cucumbers. Melons, Tomatos, Strawberries, Mushrooms, Stove and Greenhouse Plants. Ferns, Roses, Chrysanthemums ; Pleasure Grounds and Flower and Kitchen Gardens; is a good Plantsm^n, and Fruit and Veget- able Grower, Excellent character,— W., Gardefttrs' Chronicle Office, 41. Wellington Street. Strand, W.C. ARDENER (Head Working).— Age 27"; fourteen years' experience, and has a thorough practical knowledge of all matters relative to Horticuttiue. Highly recommended,— J NO. JENKS. Oaken, near Wolverhampton. GARDENER (Head Working). — M. Wright. Gardener to Lady Freake, Fulwell Park. Twickenham, will shortly be disengaged. Seventeen years' good character from present situation. ARDENErTcHead Working).— J. Gar^ LAND. Gardener to the Right Hon. Sir T. D. Acland. But. I can with every confidence recommeDd J. Abrams (total abstainer), who has been his General Foreman five years, as a thoroughly practical, honest, hard-working man. — JOHN ABRAMS, Killertoa Park Gardens, Exeter. GARDENER (Head Working) ; age 27, married, no family. — A Gentleman can highly recom- mend his Gardener. Weil up mall branches and the rcutine of a Gentleman's Establishment.— H. D., The Grove Gardens, Eiphinstore Road. Hastings. /^:j.ARDENER (Head Working).— Age 2S ; -* fourteen years' good practical experience in Fruit, Flowers, and Vegetables, including Orchids. Good character and re/erences,-H. RICHARDSON, Park Cottages, Hurst- ir^ARDEN^^RTHEAD WoRKlNGJ";'age~2^y^ VJ H. Gilbert, late Foreman to the Hon. Lord Digby, is open to engage with any Lady or Gentleman in want of a prac- tical man as above. Highly recommended. — Gardens, Soulh- wick Park, Fareham, Hants. /:j.ARDENER (Head Working), age 28, V^ married when suited — £,2 given for assistance to obtain situation as ab^ve : experienced in all branches. W^ll recom- mended Churchman, many years Chorister.— JOHN TAY- LOR. 80. Cleaveland Road. Surbiton, Surrey. GARDENER (Head Working, or good Single handed). — Age 29; fourteen years' experience. Good references.— J. A., 27, Fermoy Road, Harrow Road, London, W. GARDENER (Head Working, or good Single-handed). — Age 35. married, two children. Twenty years' experience in the Cultivation of all kinds of Flowers, Fruit, and Vegetables. Thoroughly practical in every branch of the profession. Excellent character from present and previous employer,— M. A. B., Great Stanmore. Middlesex. C:j.ARD£NER (Head), or FOREMAN in ^ good establishment. — Age 36 ; eight and a half years in present situation. Leaving through place changing hands. Highly recommended.— Address, stating salary, &c.. GAR- DENER, thelsworth Hall. Ipswich, Suffolk. GARDENER. — Unmarried, competent in Vines, Peaches. Melons, Cucumbers. Stove a"d Green- house Plants, and thorough Cropping of Kitchen Garden. — JOHN BREEN, Bromborough, Birkenhead, Cheshire. GARDENER (Single-handed), or other- wise.— single : satisfactory reason lor leaving. Good character. Total abstainer.— W. TOMS, Prospect Cottages, Snell's Park, Edmonton. GARDENER (Single-h.\nded). — Young, single : satisfactory reason for leaving. Nine years experience in Glass. Flowers, especially Roses and Herbaceous, also Kitchen Gardening. Good character and recommendations. —J, KEMP, Great Wailey, Brentwood, Essex. GARDENER (Single-handed), or where help is given. — Age 30 ; thoroughly understands Stove and Greeahou e. and Kitchen Gardening. Eight years' good character (mm last place.— J. H., Devonshire Road Nursery, Greenwich. S.E. GARDENER (Single-handed, or where help is given) — Age 26, married, two children : six years* in present situation. Well up ui all branches, both Indoors and Out. Well recommended.— M. C, Rowfant Gardens, Crawley, GARDENER (Second or Single-handed). — Age 24, single ; nine years' experience in all branches. Strictly steady and persevering. Good reference. — W. H. S, 16. New Street, Covent Garden, W.C ARD^NE^ (Second),— Age 23, single; seven and a half years' experience. Good references. — W. GRIFFITHS. II, Faulkner Street, Bishop's Fields, Chester. ARDENER (Second), or JOURNEY- MAN in Houses.— Age 16 : good references.— H. HAR- FIELD. Watnfvd. Bi-hoos Waltham. GARDENER (Under, or good Single- handed). —Good character -A. GAVLER, Belgrave Lodge, Belgrave Road, St. John's Wood, N.W. GARDENER (Under), where three or four are kept. Well recommended.— W. K., Clarke's Library, Dorking. GARDENER (Under) ; age 20.— A Lady wishes to recommend a good persevering man as above ; desirous of a change. — A. S., Bereleigh House, Eastmeon, Paetsfield, Hants GARDENER (UNDER), or FIRST journeyman.- Age 22; seven years' experience. Good reference. — W. P., 6, Lion Terrace, Beamish Road, Putney, S.W. MANAGER, FOREMAN PROPAGATOR. — All-round man under glass, wishes to meet with a permanency.— O., Mabel Villa, Newry Road, St. Margaret's, Twickenham. S.W. FOREMAN, in a Market Nursery.— Age 24 ; thoroughly experienced in Growirg Stove and Greenhouse Plants, also Cut Flower and General Nunnery Work Highest testimonials.— ALPHA, 7, Byron Street, We^t Brighton. FO R E M A N.— EDWARD BENNETT, The Vineyard. Potters Bar, N., wishes to recommend his Peckham Foreman. Levi Knipht, to those who require a trust- worthy man well up in Fruit and Flowers. OREMAN, age 25.— Mr. S. Ager, East- ck Park Gardens, Leatherhead, can confidently recommend Geo. Fletcher as above, having been with him five years. Abstainer. ^^^_ FOREMAN, in the Houses, or otherwise, in a good establishment.— Age 28 ; ten yeais* practical experience, two years as Foreman in last situation. — R. CAMP, Shute Lodge, Axminster. F To Nurserymen. FOREMAN, Outdoor.— Age i^\ twenty years' experience in Roses, Conifers, Fruit, Forest, and other Stock, Management of Men, &c. Eight years in last placc-HORTUS, Gardeners' Chronicle Office, 41, Welling- ton Sueet, Strand, W.C. FOREMAN, in the Houses. — Age 26 ; has a thorough knowledge of Fruit and Plant cultivation, also House and I'able Decoration. Twelve years' experience in first-class places. — Please state full particulars as to extent o glassand wages, &c.. J. HARRIS, The Gardens, Hammer- wood. East Grinftead, Sussex. FOREMAN or SALESMAN. — Age 25, married ; well up in Propagating, Growing, Forcing, and Dei oration ; active and industrious. Good references. — C. G.. 13. Claremont Road, Birkdale, Southport. FOREMAN, or PROPAGATOR (GENERAL), or GROWER, thoroughly experienced Highest le- ferences. Good Salesman. — J. W., i6, Old Humphrey's Avenue. All Saint's Street, Hastings. NURSERY FOREMAN, or to take charge of tmall Nursery, — Eighteen years' practical experience. Wrea.hs, Crosses, Bouquets, Cut Flower and Plant Trade, also Grapes. Cucumbers. &c. Good references.- FLORIS r. High Street, Milton, Stokeon-Trent. ENERAL PROPAGATOR, Indoor and Out— Age 40; seven years' references.- E. L., Pro- theroe & Morris, American Nursery, Leytoostone, Essex. JOURNEYMAN, in the Houses, in a good establishment. — Age 25 ; good character. Bothy pre- ferred.—W. CHANNON, 8, Rutland Road, Perry Hill, Catfotd, London, S.E. G To Head Gardeners JOURNEYMAN, in the houses, in a good ^' establishment — Age 24; two years in present j.lace. JOURNEYMAN (Second^ ; age 20.— tJ G. HiCKMOTT, Huntleys, Tunbridge Wells, can highly recommend E. Powell to any one requiring a strong good working young man. IMPROVER, in the Houses.— Age 19 ; good character. B thy preferred —G. BEECHER, The Gar- dens, BurhiU. Walton-on-Thames, Surrey. O NURSERYMEN.— Wanted, by a young man, age 22, a situation in a Propagating House or Out- doors, Can as well assist in Office-work, and i^peaks French and German ; also knows the Correspondence of both Languages. Five years' p-actical experience. Good character. — b., Bor- rowash. Derby. O NURSERYMEN.— Well up in general Indoor Work. Potting, Tying. Watering, &c, wiih a considerable knowledge of Propagating. Good scholar. Age 9 Three years' character.— F. W., Norton Road, Sjuihborough, Tunbridge Wells. Kent. To Nurserymen and Florists. SALESMAN, FOREMAN, or TRAVEL- LER. — Age ^o : fi teen years' experiei ce in various branches of the profession. — H. H , Gardeners' Chronicle Office^ 41, Wellington Street, Strand. W.C. ALESMAN, or KNIFESMAN. — Tho- rou.hly competent in General Nursery Woik; ;o)d references.-WM. IDNES. Bowling Green, Powick,Worce>ter. SeedEman. MANAGING SHOPMAN. —Twenty-five years' expeiience in Agricultural, Vegetable, Flower Seed, Flower Roots, Ptints. Imp'ements. Manures, &c. Good knowledge of buying.— VITi«, 15a. Houndsditch, Loi,don, E. CHOP 0 Age MAN, or FLORIST'S SALESMAN. t • active and obliging. u>ed to shar, trade God experience in Seeds Cu Flo«ers. Bulbs Plan S, ,'iT Good leerences.- -X. Y. Z , Floral Deout Finkle Stree t, Ken dal. Seed Business. SHOPMAN.— Age 21 ; has had nearly five years' experience in an old-established leading Provincial Firm. Conversant with Seed and Bulb Business, and a fair knowledge of Plants. Highest reference.— J. H. M,, The Lodge, Prince's Park, Liverpool. LERK, LEDGER, CORRESPONDENT, or GENERAL.— Age 30 ; thorough Accountant and good Penman. Moderate salary.— N . CLARIDGF, Swanley Junction, Kent. CLERK, in the Nursery or Seed Trade. — Thoroughly experienced in both branch's : good Bor,k- keeper and Correspondent — H. J., Gitrdeners' Chronicle Office 41. Wellington Street, Slrard, W.C. NURSERY CLERK.— Five years' experi- ence in first-class house. Seeks fresh engagement. Excellent testimonials.— WOOD. 10, Lower Bedford Place, Terrell Street, Bristol. JUNIOR CLERK.— Four a half years in Wholesale Seed Merchant's as Assistant Book-keeper and Invoice Clerk. Hiehest relerences.— W. R., 7, Willington Road, Clapham, S.W. STATE CARPENTER, and turn his hand to other woik— Married.-R. FRANKS, ^, Caledoa Road, West Croft. Carshalton, Surrey. TO FLORISTS.— A young Lady (age i8) wishes for a situation ; exnerienced in all its branches. Goc d references given.— E. TAYLOR, 10, Saunders Terrace, Kensal Green, W. HOLLOWAY'S OINTMENTandPILLS.— Those who have given these remedies a fair trial (reely admit that they inherently possess every property suitab'e (or healing and Removing Eruptions, Ulcerations, Piles, Abscesses, Sores, Bad Legs Gathered Breasts and all Disorders of the Glandular System. When carefully rubbed in the Ointment relaxes the Swollen Muscles, diminishes Intlammatioa, assuages pain, and even alleviates dangerous Maladies which may have lasted for months, or even years. Holloway's excellent prepara- tions are effective singly, resistless m combination, and have been recommended by grateful patients to be resorted to as alteratives when alt other means of regaining health have failed. Their action is temperate, not violent or reducing. 32 THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. IJULY 3, 1886. GREAT LAWN MOWER CONTEST OF THE SEASON. Royal Horticultural Society's Provincial Show at Liverpool, June 29 to July 5, 1886, AFTER EXHAUSTIVE COMPETITION, "PATENT EXCELSIOR," AWARDED First afid only Prize, a Silver Medal, for Horse-power Lawn Mower ; also First and Highest Prize, Silver Medal, for Hand Mowers. EIGHTEEN different Patterns of Lawn Mowers, made by the Leading Manufacturers of botli England and America were on exhibition. CHADBORN & COLDWELL MANUFACTURING COMPANY, 223, UPPER THAMES STREET, LONDON, E.G. r. clarke, Manage,: THE LARGEST MAKERS OF LAWN MOWERS IN THE WORLD. AT LAST ! AT L\ST! PATENT SOLUBLE PARAFFIN. PARAFFIN OIL INSTANTLY SOLUBLE IN COLD WATER. ice recognise the great importance of this announcement. The chief drawback to the us and Cheap Insecticide is at list removed. Pints, Is.; Quarts, Is. 8d.; Gallons, 5s. 6d. Ga deners will at once recognise the great importance of this announcement. The chief drawback to the use of ihis well-known and Cheap Insecticide is at list removed. R. M. PHILLIPPS & CO., DARTFORD, KENT. THE SOLUBLE PETROLEUM COMPANY, CONISBORO', ROTHERHAM. THE COVENTRY '^ LAWN MOWER (REGISTERED). THIS MACHINE has been very considerably improved since last season, and the Manufacturers can recommer.d it with increased confideace. The Roller is no* made the full width of the Machine. 1 he Knives have been strengthened, and all sizes have Steel Blades. The Gearing has been improved, and the arrangement for regulating has been simplihfd. It will turn in its own width, is light, and easily worked, will cut wet or dry grass of any length. It is made in Coventry by skilled English workmc n, of best English irou and steel. PRICES of GRASS BOXES (each) :— 8-inch, 83 ; 10-inch, 8s. 6d.; 13-inoh, Qs.; 15-inch, 9s. 6d.; 18-inch, lOs. 6d. WOOD ROLLERS (tor attaching to Machine when Cutting Verges) :— 8'inch, 2b. 6d. ; 10-inch, 2 . 9d. ; IS-inch, Ss. ; 15-inch, 3s. 6d ; 18-inch, 43. M.\NUFACTURED BY NETTLEFOLD & SONS, 54, HIGH HOLBORN, LONDON, W.C. GARDENERS' CHRONICLE FORM OF SUBSCRIPTION W. RICHARDS, 41, Wellington Street, Strand, london, w.c. Please send me "Tme Gardeners' Chronicle" for commencing -.^ , for which I enclose P. O. O. ^ 1886. Months ^^^ Please Note that all Copies Sent Direct from this Ofllce must be paid for in advance. ^"^^^ THE UNITED KINGDOM :— 12 Months, £1 ss. loaT. ; 6 Months, lis. luf.; 3 Months, 6s.; Post-free. FOREIGN SUBSCRIPTIONS (excepting India and China) :— Including Postage, £1 6s. for Twelve Months. India and China, £1 8s. 2d. P. 0.0. to be made payable at No. 42, DRURY LANE, London, to W. RICHARDS. Cheques should be crossed " DRUMMOND:' Editorial Communications should be addressed to " The Editor : " Advertisements and Business Letters to " The Publisher, " at the Office, 41, Wellington Street, Cay^l Garden, London, W.C, ■J V?°"^ by William Richards, at the Office of Messrs. Bradbury, Agnew, & Co., Lombard Street, Precinct of Whitefriors, City of London, in the County of Middlesex, and Published by the »id William Richakds, at the Office, 41, Wellington Street, Parish of St. Paul's, Covent Garden, in the said County.— Saturday, July 3, 1886. Agent for Manchester— John Hevwood. THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. Csital)lisl)eti I84i. No. 654.— Vol. XXVI. ( New i Sekies. SATURDAY, JULY 10, 1886. gktered at the General ? Price 5d. L-officc as a Newspaper, j PosT-FREE, s|eed have taken ist Pnae here."— Sir A. E RamsaV, Ban., Cheltenham. . 61/. and 51. per Pavjket, post-free. Boiler contest at Liverpool, rsult Books, notices of — Gardens of Light and I Pansies Shade 45 ' flowers Handbucli der Pflanzen- | Paradisia krankhei en . . .. 44 , Pentstem The Carnation and P* Serjesson, Mr. W. I Odonioglossum .. I Orchid notes and gleanings 49 ! Ornithocephalus grandl- 48 , Paonies, double Chinese xhibit Brick Te Cucumbers diseased Cypripedium Godefroyae, and Its allies Devonshire gardens, obser- volent In Gladiolus Watsonioides . Glynde Place Hardy fruit garden, the . Herbaceous plants In th flower garden .* • Hoya Imperialis .. ImantophyllumorHimar tophyllum Plants and their culture . . Rubus deliciosus, odour of Sagenia mamiUosa Crystal Palace Rose .. National Rose . . Richmond Horticultural RoyalHorticultural, Cot- tagers' Show, Liver- Shepperton Horticultural Torquay Rose . . Tunbridge Wells Horti- cultural ing Sydney Gardens, Bath, the Tritonia Wilsoni . . Tuberoses Weather, the Wood Lawn, Didsbury . . GARDENERS' CHRONICLE OFFICE TELEGRAMS. NOTICE to Correspondents, Advertisers, Sub- scribers, and Others. The Registered Ad- dress for Foreign and Inland Telegrams is " GARDCHRON, LONDON." t^OTICE to SUBSCRIBERS and OTHERS. Post-office Orders and Postal Orders should be made payable at No. 42, DRURY LANE. Now Ready. In cloth, I63. n^HE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE, I Volume XXV.. JANUARY to JUNE, 1886. W. RICHARDS. 41. Wellington Street. Strand. W.C. "THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE 1 IN AMERICA. The Subscription to America, including Postage, is S6.35 for Twelve Monihs. Agent for America :— C. H. MAROT, 814. Chestnut Street. Philadelphia. U.S.A.. to whom American Orders may be sent. To the Trade. TRIS RETICULATA. -L By the Dozen or Hundied. Piice on application to GILBERT DAVIDSON. VVernolen Gardens, Ammanford R.S.O.. Catmarihenshire, South Wales. TO THE TRADE. —TREE CARNA- TIONS, nice plants, twelve best sorts, J51. per loo. BOUVARDIAS, eight beM kinds, good plants, 55J per too. W. JACKSON, Bhkedown. Kidderminster. To the Trade. RAPE-SEED and WHITE MUSTARD. HAND F. SHARPE have fine Samples of • the above-named Seeds, extra cleaned for seed pur- poses, and will be pleased to submit them with lowest prices on application. Seed Growing Establishment. Wisbech. PINES. — Ninety Fruiting and Succession Queens and Smootii Cayennes, in equal proportion, to be Sold Cheap — what offers. C. FORD. Pierremont Gardens. Darlington. Important Notice. To Florists, Seedsmen, Horticultural Builders, &c. Plants, Flowers, Fruits and Vegetables a Specialty. WM. J. WELCH begs to call particular attenticn to his productions for ILLUSTRATING BOOKS, MAGA2INKS. CATALOGUES, and for ADVERTISING PURPOSES. For Specimens see Gardetun' Chronicle, 18S3 to 18SC. Address, 25, Wellingtoa Street, Strand, London, W.C. SUTTON'S CINERARIA. The Best. " I raised iiS plants from a picket of Cineraria seed sup- plied by your firm. Some of the plants measure 2 feet 7 inches Irom tip to tip of the leaves. The colours are splendid."— Mr. W. Ward, Gardener to the Hon. A. G. Campbell, Bracknell. Price, IS 6d. and 51. per Packet, prst-free. SUTTON'S PRIMULA. THE Best. "The Primulas I raised from your seed (Special Hybrid) have been magnificent, ihe flowers bemg beautifully fringed, antl the colours o( the most beautiful shades. "-Mr. C. H. West, Gardener to H. Slubbs. Esq.. Nuneaton. Price, 2r. 6d. and 5^ per Packet, post-free. UTTON AND SONS, SEEDSMEN, by Royal Warrants, to H..M. the Quein, and H.R.H. the Prince of Wales, Reading. 100 Herbaceous and Alpine Plants for 26s. RICHARD SMITH AND CO.'S selection as above contains a most interesting and valuable assort- ment of beautiful and Hardy Plants for the Border or Rock- work, which produce flowers aad render the garden attractive all through the year. New LIST of sixty-four pages dee. RICHARD SMITH and CO., Nurserymen and - Seed Merchants. Worcester. PALMS. — A few hundreds of hardy grown Seaforthia tiegans and Latania borbonica, 12 inches high. 4J. per dozen, 25.1. per roo. Seaforthia elegans, Latania borbonica, and Euterpe edulis, averaging 20 inches high, 12s. per dozen ; less quantity, \s. j,d. eacfe. Packages and Parcels post-free. A visit solicited. GARDENER. Holly Lodge. Stamford Hill, London, N. EIGHTY THOUSAND CLEMATIS, in Pots, of all the finest Double and Single Varieties (some of the flowers of which become 10 inches across, and are o( every shade, from pure white to the darkest purple), for climb- ing and bedding, from lis. to 24J. per dozen, strong plants. Descriptive LIST oc application. — RICHARD SMITH and CO., Nurserymen and Seed Merchajits, Worcester. CLEMATIS JACKMANNI ALBA (Noble). The White JackmannL The Raiser now distributes the above at the Reduced Price of 3J. each. The value of sUong j-yr. old Plants will be well understood by alL CHARLES NOBLE, Bagshot. Other Nursery Stock. Send for prices. IRIS CENGIALTI.— Among all the species of Iris which adorn gardens, the above is one of the very foremost in beauty. More compact aod dwarf in habit than those of the " germinica" section, it bears large and intensely deep purple fljwers, and is of easy cultivation in any good soil. Its tufia are only about a loot high, and the flowers are lifted well above the foliage. As a grand and perfectly hardy perennial 113 garden should be without it. There are two varieties of this species, one rather taller than the other, but both charming. Strong plants. 2s kd. ; smaller, u. td. each. JAS. BACKHOUSE and SON. Vork Nurseries.— Tune. 1886. Specialties. NEW PLANT AND BULB COMPANY, Lion Walk, Colchester. IMPORTED ORCHIDS. CATTLEYAS, DISA GRANDI- FLORA, UDONTOGLOSSUM VEXILLARIUM, COOL ORCHIDS, of sorts; LILIUM AURATUM, BULBS of all kinds. Hardy and Half-hardy; North American LILIES and HARDY PLANTS. Importer;, Exporters, Plant Merchants. The New Raspberry, LORD BEACONSFIELD. A Seedling. Finest Raspberry and best Cropper in England. First-class Certificate awarded by the Royal Horticultural Society, 1883 Now to be seen in full fruit. Fruitery, 2j< miles from Kiiitbury Station, G.W.R. Nurserymen and Gardeners are invited to an inspection. A. FAULKNOR. Inkpen, Hungerford. LOVEL'S STRAWBERRY RUNNERS.— Strong, healthy, and well-rooted, from leading varieties. LIST on application. Sample of Plants, post-free, yi. W. LOVEL AND SON, Strawberry Grower, Driffield. Floral Commission Agency. A HILL AND CO., 52, Hart Street, Covent • Garden, W.C , are open to RECEIVE CONSIGN- MENTS of Choice CUT FLOWERS in any quantity. A. H. & Co., giving personal attention to all consignments, are thus enabled to oblain the highest market pnces. All Cheques for- warded weekly. Bankers and good Trade references. Boxes and Labels supplied. PEACHES — NECTARINES— PEACHES. —During the present month we can obtain good prices for first-class Fruit of the above. WISE AND RIDES, Fruit and Flcwar Salesmen, Fruit Market, and 360, Flower Market, Covent Garden, London,W.C. HINTS on the IMMEDIATE BEAUTI- FYING of gardens. See Herbaceous, Alpine and Bedding Plant LIS rS, free on application. RICHARD SMITH and CO., Worcester. Byacli.tli3, Tulips, Crocus, Lilies, &c. CG. VAN TUBEKGEN, Jun., Haarlem, • Hulland— Wholesale CATALOGUE now ready, and may be had free on application to Messrs. R. SILBERRAD and SON, 25, Savage Gardens, Clutched Friars, London, E.C. White Flowers for Cutting. UCHARISMASTERSIIandSANDERir. These useful new free floweiing Eucharis can be cffered, good Bulbs, by the dozen or hundred, by Mr. WILLIAM BULL, Establishment for New and Rare ants, 536. Kine's Road, Chelsea, London, S.W. E CREEPERS for WALLS, &c.-By planting what is suitable an ugly object may easily be made beautiful. Descriptive LIST and advice free. RICHARD SMITH and CO., Nurserymen and Seed Merchants, Worcester. Now Ready. TEA and NOISETTE ROSES, in Pots, of best sorts orlv, in great quantity, and of be<;t passible q-iality. Piiced LIST gratis. A Sample Dozen will be put on rail, carefully packed for traveling, on receipt of 13J. dd. EWING AND CO , Sea View Nurseries, Hivaol. Hants. OSES IN POTS.— Her Majesty, the Benncit Rose, and all the best new English and Forticn varieties. All the choicest well tried sorts, in pots. 15J. to 361. per dozen. Descriptive LIST free on aopUcation. RICHARD SMITH and CO., Nurserymen and Seed Merchants, Worcester. PRIMULAS, CINERARIAS, CYCLAMEN. — Plants now ready for potting in single pots. First-cla^s strains (still supplying Customers who have had from us for 12 years). PRIMULAS and CINERARIAS-ja (or is. 6d . 100 for 91. CYCLAMEN-I2 for aj. WM. CLIBRAN and SON, Oldfield Nursery, Altrincham ; 12. Market Street, Mauchesler. CLEMATIS JACKMANNI ALBA (new).— Strong flowering Plants (4 feet bine), of th's free-blooming '* White Jackmanni," now ready, w each, 30J. per dozen. Choice varieties of CLEMATIS', in pots, 11. 6rf., 2J , to iS.td. each. The usual allowance to the Trade. GEO. JACKMAN and SON, Wokmg Nursery, Surrey. RIMULAS.— PRIMULAS.— PRIMULAS. —Seventeenth year of dlstribation. Williams' Superb Strain. 11. id. per dozen ; loj. per 100 CINERARIAS, same price. Package and carnage free. Also Double White Primulas, (•d. each. -JOHN STEVENS, The Nurseries, Coventry. IMPATIENS HAWKERII.— This magnifi- cent new plant, the most hand'ome of the genus, is 1.0W in Flower at Mr. WILLIAM BULL'S EstabUshment. 5?6. King's Road, Chelsea, London, S W. HUYA CAKNOSA. — About twenty-five good Plants, varying in size. All showing bloom. — Price oa application to W. CHITTV. 68, Stamford Hill, London, N. PTERIS TREMULA.— Well established in small pots, 15J. per ico ; Cash. M. SMVTHE, 16, Beaumont Squaie. Mile End, E. NARCISSUS. — All the best varieties for cutting and for every description of forcing Bulbs. See my Special "Trade offer, which may be had upon application. THOMAS S. WARE, Hale Farm Nurseries, Tottenham, London. To the Trade Only. EH. KRELAGE and SON, Haarlem, . Holland, have just Published their Wholesale CATA- LOGLTE'for the Season 1886-87 (76ih year. No. 385A), ol Dutch Flower Roots and Miscellaneous Bulbous and Tuberous- rooted Plants. The Catalogue was sent to all the Correspondents of the establishment who have a right to it, and will be sent as well on prepaid application to Nurserymen, Seedsmen, and Florists only. _^_^__^^__^ pYCLAMEN SEED V-^ in Sealed Packets. 31. €>d. and ^s. each, separate colours red. white, pink, and marginata or mixed. H Page & Sons are offering for the first time theirwell- known strain, which has been awarded Three Medals by the Royal Horticuhutal Society during last season, and gained highest honours wherever shown. '1 hey cannot be surpassed for habit, coloi the quantity is limited, Orders will be and 2 August I. Applic Post-free ceipt of Postal Order after CELERY PLANTS.— 10,000 extra strong, transplanted, choice kinds. Price on application. JAS. DICKSON AND SONS, " Newton " Nurseries, Chester. BEESON'S MANURE is the best for all Horticultural Purposes. Sold in tins, \s., is. 6d., 55. 6d., and 101. 6(/., or r cwt. bags, sealed, 13^. each. By ail Nursery- men or Seedsmen, or direct from Carbrook Bone Mills Sheffield. Also pure CRUSHED UNBOILED BONES, any size, and guarantetd of the best quality. 34 THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. (July io, 1886. SALES BY AUCTION. Thursday Next— (Sale No 7187.) SPECIAL SALE of ORCHIDS in FLOWER. MR. J. C. STEVENS will SELL by AUC- TION at his Great Rooms 38. Kine Street, Covent Gardeo, W.C, on THURSDAV NEXT, July 15 (instead of Wednesday as previously announced), at half past 12 o'Clock precisely, a fine COLLECTION of ORCHIDS, in Flower and Bud, including Cattleya Sanderiana, C. Eldorado splendeiis, Odontoglossum vexillarium, O. Alexandra; and Hybrids, Mas- devaliia racemosa Crossi, Cypripedium superbiens Veitchii. &c. Also a fine lot of Oncidium Jonesianum from Messrs. F. Horsman & Co., an importation of Orchids direct from Brazil, &c. On view morning of Sale, and Catalogues had. Tuesday Next. ODONTOGLOSSUM ALEXANDRA, guaranteed unflowered. CATTLEYA SANDERIANA. Also special Trade Lots ODONTOGLOSSUM ALEX- ANDR.'E. MESSRS. PROTHEROE and MORRIS are instructed by Messrs. Shuttle*orth, Carder & Co. to SELL by AUCTION, at their Central Sale Rooms, 67 and 68, Cheapside, E.C., on TUESDAY NEXT July 13, at half.past t2 o'clock precisely, CATTLEYA SANDERIANA, 200 plants just received in splendid masses and fine condition, having good dormant e> es. ODONTOGLOSSUM ALEXANDR.E, no established plants, all guaranteed unflowered, of the very best type : and including many fine specimens. ODONTOGLOSSUM ALEXANDR.E (imported), in- cluding many lots specially made up for the Trade, O. VEXIL- LARIUM, White CATTLEYA MOSSI/E, and C. SPECIO- SISSIMA, established White L/ELIA ANCEPS, MASDE- VALLIA RACEMOSA CROWII, M. HARRYANA, M. TROCHILUS, M. SHUTTLEWORTHII, ONCIDIUMS, CYPRIPEDIUMS. &c. ; also another property about 50 lots of imported ONCIDIUM JONESIANUM. On view morning of Sale, and Catalogues had. Friday Next. CATTLEYA GASKELLIANA^ in flower, grand variety, specimen with over 100 bulbs. MORMODES. new variety, in flower. CATTLEYA LEOPOLDII, splendid variety. MESSRS. PROTHEROE AND MORRIS will include the above in their SALE, at the Central Sale Booms, 67 and 68, Cheapside, E.C.on FRIDAY NEXT, July 16. On view morning of Sale, and Catalogues had. Friday Next. VANDA SANDERIANA. lyTESSRS. PROTHEROE and MORRIS ^iv;^", ^' instructed by Mr. F. Sander to SELL by AUC- TION, at their Central Sale Rooms, 67 and 68, Cheapside, E.C., on FRIDAY NEXT, July .6. at half.past 12 o'clock precisely a fine importation of Vanda Sanderiana in splendid ^\•^T Aerides roseum, Angrajcum Leonii, &c. : and a fine lot of Odontoglossum Alexandrse in flower, superb varieties. On view morning of Sale, and Catalogues had. Furze Down Park, Tootlog Common, S.wl Eight minutes' walk from Tooting Junction Station. IMPORTANT CLEARANCE SALE of CHOICE STOVE and GREENHOUSE PLANTS, Valuable ORCHIDS. Stc. by order of Charles Seely, Esq., who is leaving the neighbourhood. TVTESSRS. PROTHEROE and MORRIS '-'-L are favoured with instructions to SELL by AUCTION, on the Premises, as above, on WEDNESDAY, July 2r, at 12 o Clock precisely, the whole of the VALUABLE COL- LECTION of STOVE and GREENHOUSE PLANTS, including many handsome specimen Stephanotis in tubs ; Eucharis, Imantophyllums. Crotons, Dracanas : several beauti- ful Palms and Tree Ferns : smaller Palms and Ferns in quanti- ties ; fine specimen Camellias and Azaleas ; amongst the latter being several large white varieties useful for cutting ; a fine as- sortment of Established Orchids, comprising eighty Dendrobiums lor cut flower; Vandas Aerides, cool Odontoglots, Miltonias • many fine examples of Greenhouse Rhododendrons, Garden Seats, Pots, &c. On view the day prior to the Sale. Catalogues may be had of the Head Gardener, Mr. R. Laing, on the Premises ; and of the Auctioneers, 67 and 68, Cheapside, London, E.C. Orchids In Flower. "lY/TESSRS. PROTHEROE and MORRIS 7^^,,i^h. ." !""><'"n<:= their next SPECIAL SALE of ORCHIDS m FLOWER will take place on TUESDAY July 27, for which they will be glad to receive notice of entries Chertsey. In the village of Thorpe, about 20 miles from London, in a healthy and picturesque neighbourhood, twenty-five minutes' walk from Egham or Virginia Water Station!!. IMPORTANT to GENTLEMEN and OTHERS seeking a compact FREEHOLD ESTATE, with advantages for combining business with pleasure. For Sale, with pos- MTsSRS. PROTHEROE and MORRIS are instructed by the owner and occupier who is leaving the neighbourhood, to SELL by AUCTION, at the Mart, Tokenhouse Yard, City. E.C, on THURSDAY. July 29, at 2 o'clock precisely, the valuable FREEHOLD ESTATE known as the West End Fruit Garden, Thorpe, near Chertsey, embracing a total area of about 19 Acres of excellent Land, well stocked with Fruit Trees and Bushes in bearing condition, and Market Garden Produce. There is a modern brick-built Resi- dence, containing seven Bedrooms, Dressing-room, fitted Bath- room, three Reception-rooms, two Kitchens, and domestic offices, numerous Glass Erections and Sheds, brick-built Cottage and Stabling ; the fruit garden is bounded on one side by a con- crete wall, 630 feet in length. The property has a frontage of 1100 feet to the road from Staines and Windsor to Chertsey, a portion of which can be easily utilised for building, without detriment to the remainder of the land. The entu-e Estate possesses a great prospective building value, and a portion contains a valuable bed of the best gravel to a good depth. May be viewed. Particulars, plan, and conditions of Sale may be had on the Premises, at the Mart, E.C. ; of W. Sharp, Esq., Solicitor, 9, Walbrook. E.C; and of the Auctioneers and Surveyors, 67 and 68, Cheapside, E.C Bothwell Castle Collection of Heaths. Very Important Public Sale of the RARE and CHOICE COLLECTION of Heaths in Bothwell Castle, Bothwell, N.B , cultivated by the late Mr. Andrew Turnbull for the Right Honotable the Earl of Home. MESSRS. MORRISON, DICK, AND M'CULLOCH are instructed by the Right Honourable the Earl of Home to SELL by AUCTION in Houses Nos. t and 2, Bothwell Castle, Bothwell, N.B., on THURSDAY, July 29, at 12 o'clock Noon, the COLLECTION of RARE and CHOICE HEATHS, well known as the most important and unique in the United Kingdom, and containing many Varieties confined to this collection. The Book of the Garden says : — " The cultivator can scarcely err in possessing himself of the different varieties originated by such men as Mr. Turnbull of Bothwell Castle, who has .we be- lieve raised more excellent varieties than any other man of his The whole will be on View in the Houses on Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday, July 26, 27. and 28, from 10 A.M. to 4 I'.M., and on Forenoon up till Hour of Sale. To prevent overcrowding, admission by Catalogue only (price Sixpence, returnable to ail purchasers), on application at our ofiice, 98, Sauchiehall Street, Glasgow ; or forwarded by post on receipt OardlfT. SALE of FLORIST'S and MARKET GARDENER'S BUSINESS. MR. W. COURTENAY CLARKE is in- structed to OFFER for SALE by TENDER, as a going concern, subject to conditions, the BUSINESS of Mr. William Thomas, 6, Crockherbtown, Cardifl', and Whitchurch. Seedsman, Florist, and Market Gardener. The shop is situated in the best part of the important town of Cardiff, and possesses every accommodation for the carrying on of an extensive business. In the rear are large and well-constructed Hothouses, fitted with every appliance and stocked with a choice selection of Plants. A Lea.se of the Premises may be obtained at a rental of .£160 a year, tenant paying rates and taxes. The Garden and Ground at Whitchurch (near Cardiff) have been under careful cultiva- tion for a long period, and are well supplied with Fruit, Shrubs, Flowers, and Ornamental Trees. The rent of the Gardens at Whitchurch is £i,\ per annum. The Sale presents a capital opportunity to any Florist and Gardener desirous of obtaining an old-established business on favourable terms. Separate Tenders must be delivered to the Broker for the business, which is offered in the following Lots : — Lot i. — Goodwill, Green- houses. Shop Fixtures, Trade Plant, Utensils, and Stock, at No. 6. Crockherbtown. Lot 2. — Book Debts, amounting, as per Schedule, to j;;346 i4.r 2fll. Lot 3.— Stock of Fruit. Plants, and Shrubs, at Whitchurch. The Broker, on behalf of the vendors, reserves to himself the right of accepting the highest aggregate Tender for Lots i and 2, and would point out that by acquiring the Book Debts the purchaser of the business will in a large measure secure the valuable connection already formed. Schedules of the Stock, Plant, Trade Utensils, and Book Debts may be seen at the Ofiice of the Broker, to whom all "Tenders must be delived on or before July 13, 1886. For further particulars application may be made to F. C. GOODCHILD, Esq , 25, Old Jewry, London, or to the Broker, at his Office. 4. Crockherbtown. Cardiff. June 22, 1886. THE LIVERPOOL HORTICULTURAL COMPANY (John Cowan), Limited, Have a large and fine stock of EAST INDIAN, MEXICAN, and other ORCHIDS : and they are constantly receiving fresh Importations from various parts of the world. Full particulars of Orchids in stock, and also of fresh importa- tions as received, forwarded on application. The Company have also a large stock of TEA and other ROSES in pots. GRAPE VINES, FERNS, and other ORNA- MENTAL PLANT'S. LISTS with full particulars on application. THE VINEYARD and NURSERIES, GARSTON, LIVERPOOL. ADDRESS for TELEGRAMS—" COWAN, LIVERPOOL." FOR DISPOSAL, a first-class old-estab- lished SEED and FLORIST'S BUSINESS, near London ; long Lease, handsome Premises, and doing good cash trade. Satisfactory reasons for disposal. Incoming low. G. R., Gardeners Chronicle Office, 41, Wellington Street, Strand, W.C. FOR DISPOSAL, as a going Concern, a FLORIST'S BUSINESS. Good locality. No opposition. Exf-eptional opportunity. Price, including Stock, Plant, and Goodwill, £,iooa. Further particulars of Mr. T. WILLIAMS, Auctioneer and Surveyor, Staines. FOE SALE. NURSERY AND SEED BUSINESS. THE OLD-ESTABLISHED NURSERY and SEED BUSINESS, so successfully carried on for upwards of 60 years by THOMAS IMRIE AND SONS, AYR. The Nursery Grounds, extending to about 45 acres, adjoin the Railway Station, and are well stocked with saleable Trees and Shrubs, and there are commodious premises for carrying on the Seed Business. The Business may be Sold either as one, or Nursery and Seed separately : and is being disposed of solely on account of Mr. Imrie's delicate state of health. Further particulars on application to THOMAS IMRIK AND SONS, Ayr, N.B.— June 11, r886. BERKS. TO BE LET OR SOLD, as a thorough going concern, A NURSERY, Comprising 3^^ acres, about 50 miles from London, with Shop in Market Place. Good Dwellmg House, Greenhouse, Frames, &c. For particulars, apply to J. FLOOD, 57, Albert Street, Mornington Crescent, London, N.W. To Landed Proprietors, te. AMcINTYRE (late of Victoria Park) is • now at liberty to undertake the FORMATION and PLANTING of NEW GARDEN and PARK GROUNDS and REMODELLING existing GARDENS. Plans prepared. 115, Listm Park, Stamford Hill, N. ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY, South Kensington, S.W. NOTICE ! - COMMITTEE MEETINGS, Fruit and Floral, at 11 a.m., in the Conservatory : Scientific at i r.M , in the Liudley Library, on TUESDAY NEXT, July 13. SHOW of FLOWERS and FRUIT. N.B. Open to Fellows at ijo'Clock and the Public at i o'Clock. NOTTINGHAM HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. The GRAND FLOWER SHOW and HORTICULTURAL EXHIBITION will be held in Mapperley Park. Nottingham, on WEDNESDAY and THURSD.\Y, July 14 and rj. ONE HUNDRED and FIFTY POUNDS and Special Prizes. Entries Close. July 7. Schedules and all information may be obtained from 2, Exchange Row, Nottingham. ^' STEWARD, Sec. HULL, EAST RIDING, and NORTH LINCOLNSHIRE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. A GRAND HORTICULTURAL EXHIBITION will l.e held in the Hull Botanic Gardens, on WEDNESDAY, THURSDAY, and FRIDAY, July 14, 15, and r6. Upwards of TWO HUNDRED GUINEAS in Money Prizes, besides Gold and Silver Medals. Schedules and particulars of PHILIP MAC MAHON, Curator. Hull Botanic Gardens. The following, amongst other valuable Prizes, will be awarded : — Group of Ten Stove and Greenhouse Plants in bloom (Orchids excluded), and Six Ornamental. Fine-foliage or Variegated Plants, distinct varieties. 1st Prize. C^s and the Society's Gold Medal ; 2d Prize, .4io ; 3d Prize, is. XTEWCASTLE-ON-TYNE -Ll SUMMER FLOWER SHOW, JULY 21, 22, and 23. Entries Close, Friday, July i6. For Schedules, &c., apply to "DOSE SHOW at MANCHESTER, -*-t JULY 17. For Schedules apply to the undersigned, BRUCE FINDLAY. Royal Botanic Gardens, Manchester. BEDFORDSHIRE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY'S SHOW at Luton, on WEDNESDAY, July 21. A GRAND SHOW of FLOWERS and FRUITS, open to the United Kingdom, will be held in connection with the above, when the following VALUABLE FRIZES, amongst others, will be offered : — 10 ORCHIDS, ist, Ixa ; 2d, £6 ; 3d, £4. 6 „ rst, £6 ; 2d, £4 ; 3d, .£2. 12 STOVE and GREENHOUSE PLANTS, ist, ;<;is ; 2d,;£io ; 3<1. is- 6 rst, £7 ; 2d. jCs : 3'!. £3- Also for ROSES, FRUITS, &c. For Schedules and particulars apply to Park Square, Luton. Mr. S. C. OLIVER, Hon. Sec. T\7"ILTS HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY, * V SALISBURY.-SHOW, JULY 29, DIVISION A (Open)-i2 Stove and Greenhouse Flowering Plants. £ts : rz Variegated and Fine-foliage Stove and Greenhouse Plants, ^^13. DIVISION H (Gentlemen's Gardeners and Amateurs) — For Roses. £15. Schedules may be obtained on application to W. H. WILLIAMS, Hon. Sec. The Nurseries, Salisbury. NORTHAMPTONSHIRE HORTICUL- TURAL SOCIETY'S GREAT SUMMER SHOW, Delapre Park. Northampton, AUGUST 2 and 3 (Bank Holiday and following day). ^250 in Prizes. For best sixteen Plants, £i&, .£10. £$; Central Group for Conservatory Decoration, £9> j66, £3 lor. ; twenty-four Roses, £3, £i, £1, Sec, Entries close July 24. Schedules and full particulars from A. FORBES, Secretary, Northampton. t" 6 ~K E-ON-TRENT horticultural society. The FIFTH ANNUAL EXHIBITION will be held on THURSDAV, August 26. Veitch Memorial Medal, Certifi- cate, and £s for group of Orchids and Ferns intermixed ; also for miscellaneous group of Flowering and Foliage Plants. Schedules of Prizes and alt information may be obtained from FRED. W. PEPPER. Hon. Sec, 117, London Road, Stoke. HUDDERSFIELD CHRYSANTHEMUM SOCIETY. The THIRD EXHIBITION will be held in the Town Hall. Huddersfield, on FRIDAY and SATURDAY, November tx and 13. Schedules and Entry Forms are now ready, and may be had on application to Marsh. Huddersfield. Mr. JOHN BELL, Hon. Sec. CYCLAMEN — CYCLAMEN — CYCLA- MEN.— Same grand strain and from the same celebrated growers that I have sent out for the last twenty years, but with all the latest improvements in colour, size, form, and habit. Five year-old Plants, is. td. per dozen, 51. for 50, qs. for 100, all Carriage tree. S. SHEPPERSON, Florist, Prospect House, Helper. SAMUEL SHEPPERSON, Florist, Prospect House, Helper, Derbyshire, begs to offer the following, of which he makes a specialty : — PRIMULAS — PRIMULAS — PRIMULAS. — Grand Premier Prize Stiain of the finest new colours, as White, Carmine, Rose, Salmon, Crimson, Mauve, &c. Fine large trusses and beautifully fringed flowers. Suong Plants, to bloom well, is. ^d. per dozen, extra strong is. 6d. ; 91. per 100, all free. CINERARIA S— C I N E R A R I A S— CINERARIAS.— Bull's celebrated Prize Strain, dwarf compact habit, and most brilliant colours, cannot possibly be excelled. Good Plants, i.r. ^d. per dozen, extra strong is. 6d. ; gs. per 100, all free. SAMUEL SHEPPERSON. Florist Prospect House. Belper, Derbyshire. July io. 1886.) THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. 35 To ExUWtors, Decorators, and OthierB. FOR SALE, PALMS, PALMS, and FERNS. Five splendid specimens, fit for Exhibition at once :— I Latania Borbonica. i Seaforthia elegans, i Areca sapida, I Dion edule, i Davallia Mooreana. For price, size, 6tc., ^''''tHOS. weaver, Oakley Hall Gardens, Basingstoke. Please Read Attentively. LILY OF THE VALLEY, FOR EARLY FORCING. Stock, 1,250,000 Crowns, strong and capable of producing very fine blooms. £\ ds. per 1000, £\i 15^. per 10,000, ^25 5.?. per 20,000, £f>2 \os. per 50,000, ;^I22 \as. per 100,000, ^182 per 150,000, ^240 per 200,000, mcluding charges for packing, free on the Railway Station, Neussalz, by F. W. KRAUSE, Lily of tlie Valley Grower, NEUSALZ-ON-THE ODER. GERMANY. $Si- The area under Lily Culture is equal to %% English acres. The freight amounts from Neussalz to London for icoo pieces (crowns) to about iif. xd, : 2000, \\s. 6d. ; 3000, laf. ; 40:0, 12J. 3<^. ; 5000, 17S. <^d. ; 6000, x^s. ; 7000, i6j. 9a. ; 8000, i8j. ; 9000, 20J. dd. \ 10,000, ^r 3J-., &c. GARDEN REQUISITES. COCOA-NUT FIBRE REFDSE. 4 E L L I C I D E," -l-> the DAISYand WEED ERADICATOR. Manufac- tured by HURST AND SON, 152. Houndsditch, London, E. To be obtained (wiih needful instructions) from all Seedsmen and Florists e»ery where. Sample Dredger-canister, is. per post. HORTICULTURAL SOILS, MANURES, SUNDRIES, and BERKSHIRE POTTERY. Cata- logue Free per post, of every Horticultural Requisite. BENJAMIN FIELD, F.R.H. S. (Son-in-law and Successor to J. Kennard), Swan Place, Old Kent Road, London, S.E. Established 1854. NATIVE GUANO, price ^3 los. per ton, in bags on rail, Aylesbury. Lots under lo cwt. ^s. per cwt. A i-cwt. sample bag sent, carnage paid, to any station in Eneland on receipt of Postal Order for ^s. Extractsfrom Tenth Ayinual Collection ofJieports.—'Sative Guano for PoUtos.— H. S. Eastv. Great Totham, Essex : — "Used for Potatos. CJood. Consider this manure about the best for Potatos. Very economical. Took about twenty prizes." Native Guano for Vegetables and Fruit Trees. — J. Smith, Head Gardener to the Right Hon. Lord Rosebery :— " Used for Pears. Onions, Lettuces, Cabbages. Potatos, Turnips, and Fruit Trees. Onions a splendid crop. Other crops most satisfactory." Native Guano for Vines, Roses, Strawberries, Pot Plants, &c.— J. TowNSSND, Florist, Putney : — "Used for Celery, Roses, Cucumbers, Tomatos, Chrysanthemums, Pelargoniums, Fuch- sias, &c. Excellent results. Best and safest manure I have tried." D.Williams, Gardener to Lord Wimborne :— " Used for Vines, Strawberries in pots, Peaches, Asparagus, Onions, &c Very good on all kinds tried." A. F. Barron, Royal Horticul- tural Society, Chiswick ; — " Without doubt a very valuable manure, and easy of apDiication."— Orders to THE NATIVE GUANO CO. (Limited). 29, New Bridge Street, Blackfriars, London, E. C. , where Pamphlets o( Testimonials may be obtained . lUFOBTANT TO GASDENEBS. BENTLEY'S WEED DESTROYER. Invaluable for the Destruction of Weeds and Moss on Garden Walks and Carriage Drives. Particulars sent Post-free. BECK CHEMICAL WORKS, BARROW-ON-HUMBER. HULL. GARDEN REQUISITES. Two Pri Quality, THE BEST In the Market {All sacks included. PEAT, best brown fibrous . . 5J. per sack ; 5 sacks for 22s. td, PEAT, best black fibrous . . 41. td. „ 5 sacks for 2as. PEAT, extra selected Orchid 5J. 6,/. „ 5 sacks for 25X. LOAM, best yellow fibrous . . "1 PREPARED COMPOST.best ( tj. per bush., 31. per sack. LEAF MOULD, best only .. f (sacks included). PEAT MOULD, „ .. } SILVER SAND, coarse, ij.6<<. per bush., i+s.half ton, 241. ton. RAFFIA FIBRE, best only ti. per lb. TOBACCO CLOTH, finest imported .. W. lb. 28 lb. rSr. TOBACCO PAPER ,. (Spe'cialiteT 8,/. lb., 2816 i8s. MUSHROOM SPAWN, finest Milltrack .. 51. per bushel. SPHAGNUM MOSS, all selected, 2s. per bush., Sj. per sack. CHUBB'S "PERFECT" FERTILISER, the Best Food for all kindsofPlants, Flowers. Fruits, Vegetables, &c. Tins, ij. 6rf. Bags— 7 lb.. 31.; 141b., 51.: 38lb..8j.; 561b., 14J.: t cwt . 221. VIRGIN CORK, best quality only-14 lb., 31.; 28 lb., 5J. id.; 56 lb . loJ. 6,^.; r cwt. r7J. [.per bushel. HORTICULTURAL CHARCOAL, best quality only. 2s. 6d. COCOA-NUT FIBRE REFUSE (by Chubb's special process), sacks, \s. each ; 10 sacks, 9*. ; 15 sacks, 13^. ; 20 sacics, 17J. ; 30 sacks, 25*; 40 sacks, 3ar. Truck-load, loose, free on rail, 25*. Limited quantities of G., special quality, granulated, in sacks ordy, 2s. each. Terms, strictly Cash with order. CHUBB. ROUND & CO., WEST FERRY ROAD, MILWALL, LONDON, E. ROSES AND CHRYSANTHEMUMS. To obtain finest Growth and Flowers, use J E N S E N'S Norwegian Fish Potash IVIanure. Apply to all Nurserymen, or to J. JENSEN & CO. (Limited), No. 10, ST. HELEN'S PLACE, E.C. HUGHES' SOLUBLE FIR-TREE OIL 'NSECTiCIDE is. 6d., 23. 6d., and 4S. 6d. a Bottle ; GaUon, 128. 6d., less in larger quantities. HUGHES' APHICtDE, Is. 6d. By post u. %d. HUGHES' GBEEN SHADING Is. ; post ^i.-^d. Also CREAM SHADING, 9d. per Box, per post Is. HUGHES' FLORAL CEMENT, in Bottles, Is. and 2s. HUGHES' TROPICAL BEETLE POWDER, most effectual in Greenhouses, 6d., 18.. and 2S. 6d. Post 3d. extra. A TREATISE on FIR TREE OIL as an INSECTICIDE, sent Post-free, on receipt of address, by E. G. HUGHES, Operative Chemist, Victoria Street, Manchester. Wholesale from all the London Seed and Horticultural Sundries Mer- chants. Wholesale Druggists, and Patent Medicine Houses. TOBACCO PAPER and CLOTH.— Best im- ported, td. per lb., 141b. 6s. 6d. Sp<£cialit^ Tobacco Paper, cannot be surpassed, jd. per lb., 14 lb. 7^. 6d. Tobacco Water, very strong, Sd. per gallon. T. HAMBLY amd CO.. z, Thomas' Lane, Bristol. SMITH'S WEED-KILLER. The Original and Only Genuine. Effectually Destroys Weeds, Moss, Dande- lions, &c. , on Gardea Walks, Carriage Drives, Stable Yards, &c. MARK SMITH, Manufacturing Chemist. LOUTH, LINCOLNSHIRE. GISHURST COMPOUND,"used^y leading Gardenars since 1859 against Red Spider, Mildew, Thrips, Green Fly, and other Blight, i to 2 ounces to the gallon of soft water ; 4 to 16 ounces as winter dressmg for Vine£ and Orchard-house Trees ; and ia lather from the cake against American Blight. Has outlived many preparations mtended to supersede it. Boxes, is., 3;, , and lor. 6d. GISHURSTINE keeps Boots dry and soft on wet ground. Boxes, 6d. and is., from the Trade. Wholesale from PRICE'S PATENT CANDLE COMPANY (Limited), London. PURE WOOD CHARCOAL BEST TOBACCO ROLL PAPER and CLOTH, at Lowest Price. J. DENYN, Manufacturer, removed to 77, Downs Road, Clapton. E. ^^^_^_ Protect your Strawberries. TANNED NETTING, i yard wide, f^ ; 2 yards, i%d. ; 4 yards, ^d. A considerable reduction OD quantities of 500 yards and upwards. JAMES T. ANDERSON, 149. Commercial Street, London, E. NEW SEASON'S ARCHANGEL MATS, My first oarcel has now arrived in good ( 5 rime quality. Prices on application. AMES T. ANDERSON, 149. Commercial Street, London, E Registered Telegraphic Addreis—JATEA, LONDON. EXTRA STRONG TANNED NET.— Ripe Fruit, Tennis Court, or Poultry Run, i-inch mesh, a yards wide, i^d. per yard ; 4 yards wide, ^d. per yard ; or 2 yards wide, loj. per >oo ; 4 yards wide, 20J. per 100 yards. New TWINE NETTING, 1 yard wide, 2^. per yard ; 2 yards wide, 4^. per yard ; 4 yards wide. Sd. per yard. COTTON NET, nine meshes to sqttare inch, ij^ yard wide, jd. per yard ruQ. W. CULLINGFORD, Forest Gate, E. NETTING FOR FRUIT TREES, Seed Beds, Kipe Strawberries, &c. TANNED NETTING for Protecting the above from Frost, Blight, Birds. &c.. 3 yards wide, ^d. per yard, or 100 yards, 15^. ; 4 yards wide, 4d. per yard, or 50 yards, 15J. EATON AND DELLEK, 6 and 7, Crooked I-ane> London Bridge, E.C BAMBOO CANE.— No Nursery or Garden should be without. Ten times more durable than wood, and easily manufactured. P. B. HARKIN. Importer, Dutton Street, Liverpool. EweU. FOR SALE, Three GREENHOUSES and large PBACH-HOUSE, with Pipes, SU£mg, &c, complete. Apply. H. S. WOODCOCK, Auctioneer, 384, Wandsworth Road. S.W. OR SALE, a nearly new NURSERY VAN. — Apply at lo, Bruce Terrace, Lordship Lane, Wood Green, N. GARDEN REQUISITES.— Sticks, Labels, Virgin Cork, Raffia, Mats, Bamboo Canes, Rustic Worlc, Manures, &C. Cheapest prices of WATSON AND SCULL. 90. Lower Thames St., Londou, E.C. E P P S ' S GRATEFUL-COMFORTING. COCOA 36 THE GARDENERS- CHRONICLE. (July io, 1886. CARTERS' SEEDS PRESENT SOWING. CABBAGE— Carters' Early Heartwell. Pronounced to be the finest early Cabbage in cultiva- tion. Very distinct. The heads are extremely fi.m, weighing from 4 to 6 lb. In Sealed Packets only— Per Packet, \s. and 6(/. ; per ounce, 21. All Post-free. CABBAGE-Carters' Mammoth Beefheart The best main-crop Garden Cabb.ige in cultivation : veiy large firm heads of exquisite flavour, very few outside leaves, and doss not readily run. The finest Summer Cabbage known. In Sealed Packets— Per Pkt., is. and id. ; per ounce, ij. id. I pTTIiPp Price per pkt., postfree. CARTERS' GIANT WHITE COS .. 6rf. and i o DUNNETT'S GIANT WINTER COS.. 6rf. and i o HARDY NORTHERN KING COS .. .. 16 ALL THE YEAR ROUND CABBAGE LETTUCE 6i. and i 3 ONION. ''"^■''"- ^''T-d.^"fd GIANT ROCCA 16 06 GIANT WHITE TRIPOLI .. ..16 06 EARLY WHITE NAPLES .. ..10 GIANT MADEIRA 00 237 & 238, HIGH HOLBORN, LONDON. Spring Gardening. CHOICE FLOWER SEEDS for Spring Gardening, of the very best strains : also VEGETABLE SEEDS of all sorts, likewise of the best strains. Priced CATALOGUE post-free. JAUES DICKSON & SONS, " Hvyal " Nursery and Seed Establishment, 108, Eastgale Street, Chester. CUTTINGS of Choicest New FLORISTS' FLOWERS (1885) very cheap. Per dozen varieties :- Fuchsias and Pentstemons, 2s. ; Zonal Pelargoniums, single and double. Ivy-leaf, &c., 3J. ; Chrysanthemums, is. dd. Or to include new of last three or four years — Chrysanthemums. 50 for y. ; Fuchsias, 50 for 31.; Zmal Pelargoniums, double and single. Ivy, &c., 100 for Zs. Plants also supplied very cheap. All free by parcel post. A quantity ot choice single Dahlias, fine plants, 2s. per dozen. CATALOGUES free on application. RICHARD PANNETT. The Nursery. Chailey, Sussex. DUTCH AND CAPE BXTLBS. ANT. ROOZEN k SON'S CATALOGUE FOR 1886. The above, containing details of our immense Collections of New. Rare, and Fine Bulbs and Plants (84 pages, in English). IS NOW READY, and will as usual be sent post-free on appli- cation to ourselves, or our General Agents for Great Britain, Messrs. MERTENS AND CO.. 3, Cross Lane, St. Mary.at-Hill, London, E.C. ANT. ROOZEN and SON, OVERVEEN. HAARLEM, HOLLAND. DUTCH BULBS CHEAP. FKENCH BULBS CHEAP. ENGLISH BULBS CHEAP. See our Special Wholesale Catalogue of Bulbs, Containing List of all the best varieties of HYACINTHS, TULIPS, CROCUS, LILIUMS, DAFFODILS, IRIS. SNOWDROPS, &c., tree on application to WAT KINS & SIMPSON, Seed and Bulb Merchaots, EXETER STREET, STRAND, LONDON, W.C. FERNS A SPEGIALtT An IMMENSE STOCK, In SPLENDID CONDITION. I Fern SMALLER CATALOGUE, of over 1300 species and varieties, including Descriptive " List op New, Rare, and Choicb Ferns." and '* Hardy North American Ferns," b-ee on application. W. & J. BIRKENHEAD, FERN NURSERY. SALE, MANCHESTER. pUTBUSH'S MILL- V.' TRACK MUSHROOM SPAWN.— Too well known to require description. Pnce 6j. per bushel (i5. extra per bushel for package), or 6rf. per cake ; free by parcel post, \s. None genuine unless in sealed pack- ages and printed cultural directions enclosed, with our signature attached. WM. CUTBUSH AND SON (Limited), Nurserymen and Seed Merchants, Highgate Nurseries, N. THE GARDENERS' ROYAL BENEVOLENT INSTITUTION, Fiftli List of Subscriptions received by N. N. SHERWOOD, Esq :— BARTLETT. T. F BATTEN, H. B , £■ q. BORWICK, ALFRED, Esq. BRITTLEHANK, Mr. CLATWORTHY, H. J. CATTY AND DOBsON DEFRIES. COLEMAN. Esq. DICKSON, GEORGE, Esq... EDMONDS, Mr EDMONDS, Mr FRIEDLANDER and CO. .. GERMAN, Mr HARRISON. T., Jun., Esq. HOWARD, F INGRAM, GEO., Esq INGRAM. G, Mrs JOHNSON. J. S.. Esq JONES, GRIFFITH, Esq. .. MARPLES. Mr MCLAREN. Mr MERRITT. JONATHAN .. MITCHINSON, JNO REID, JAS , Esq ROGERS. Rev. EDWARD .. SHEPPARD. Mr. I. C. SHERWOOD, E. N., Esq. .. SHERWOOD, Master.. SHERWOOD, Miss .. SHERWOOD, Master EDWARD , SWIFT, THOS., Mr TOWNSEND, GEO. Esq. .. TROLLOPE, Mr TAIT, ROBT., Esq WARD, DAVID, Esq WATERLOW, PHILIP. Esq. WEBB. EDWD., and SONS WEEKS, J., AND to Amount previously acknowledged Total Crewkerne.. Hollands. Yeovil Iligham Hill. Walthanlstow .. Alexandra Opera House. Sheffield .. Great Eastern Street, E.C. '.. '.. Houndsditch. E.C Mayor ot Chester, self and sundries .. Gardener to His Grace the Duke of St. Albans, Beestwood Park, near Nottingham Ditto Ditto Pcs;n, Gimai.y Gardener, Notiiogham Leicester The Abbey Close, Bedford . . Huntingdon Hurst & Son .'.' .'." '.'. Goldington, Bedford Sheftield Cardington, Beds. The Cottage, Oak Lodge, Totteridge, Herts Truro 01 Peter Henderson & Co. , New York. Adcombe, Ilminster Biil'ord Houndsditch Per N. N. Sherwood, E^q Dmo Ditto Ditto Ditto Hurst & Son Fotdham, Soham The Gardens, Hawnes Park, Beds .. Messrs. Dickson, Brown & Tai-, Manchester Mount View, Sheffield Great Winchester Street, E.C. Stourbridge King's Road, Chelsea .. Donation, D E Hellia Annua',r'.J.S.Johnso Do ,p.Fi»ner,son&! ~ .pcrMr.T. F, B Ditto. Do., per Mr. J C. Shcppard. 10 in 0 Ditto. I 1 0 Do. p. Mr. J. r. Sheppard Oo. p. Fisher Son, dlSibtav 0 0 Do p. Mr. J. C. Sh.ppaid I 0 An:.ual. 2 3, 0 Donation. 10 10 0 Life Sub caption. I 0 0 Donation.iiE.Helliar.Ejq 2 0 Donation. 105 0 Ditto. n 0 Ditto. 3[ 0 0 Ditto. 21 n 0 Ditto. 0 in fi 10 TO Life Subsciii.tion ° 10 Donation \ cr Mr. J. C Sheppard. n (, Selfardsund.KS 5 ° ° Donation p«r Hsber. S^n & Sibray. 10 TO 0 Life Sub'cription. 0 Donation. ° Ditto. £429 iq 6 415 IS " ^845 u 6 TO ORCHID GRO^VERS, &c. MR. CHAS. PATIN, OF ANTIOQUIA, U.S. COLOMBIA, Who has been resident there for the last 13 years, and is now on a visit to Europe, is now Booking Orders for COLOMBIAN ORCHIDS for ne.\t spring delivery. About 80 species can be supplied. Price LIST and full particulars will be furnished upon application to Mr. CHAS. PATIN, Basecles, Hainaut, Belgium, up to August 25, after wliicli date please address all Comtnunicatioiis to ANTIOQUIA, U.S. COLOMBIA, The "INVINCIBLE" LAWN MOWER, GARDEN ROLLERS. WHEEL BARROWS. Horse-Power Lawn Mowers. Side Delivery. SAMUEL EDWARDS' PATENT. The Only Lawn Mower wood regulating Rollers c either in front or at back of the Mo' PRICES (including Grass Box), 6 in. 7 in. 8-in. gin lo in i in 14 in 1 in iS in jo-io. ,4-^ 308. 408. 5O3. 6O3. 70s. 90s. 110s. 1303. ISOa. 1703. 1903. Sole Makers: JOHN CROWLEY & CO. Is the B E S T in the RIarket VIDE RESULTS CONTESTS. Side Delivery. 30-in. 3li.i 4...in. ijsa £,i& icio Sheffield. COTTAGER'S CALENDAR OF GARDEN OPERATIONS. Price 3d.. Post Free 3id. W. RICHARDS, 41, WELLINGTON STREET, STRAND, LONDON, W.C July io, 1886.] THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. 37 ^EBBS EMPEROR CABBAGE. THE BEST CABBAGE in CULTIVATION 6(1. and Is. per packet, Is. 6d. per ounce. Mr. J. Mulr, In the "Journal of Horti- culture " of May 24, says :— " Our largest piece of Spring Cabbage measures 70 feet by 50 feet, and here we hive many sorts growing. The best of all these at the present time Is WEBBS' EMPEROR. I i Per Ounce, Post-free. EARLY NONPAREIL CABBAGE 8d. ENFIELD MARKET do 6d. EARLY RAINHAM do 8d. EARLY DWARF YORK do 6d. LARGE RED DUTCH do. 6d p=i packet .. 9d. ONION. Packei WEBB3' NEW RED GLOBE TRIPOLI 6d. WEBBS' WHITE ITALIAN TRIPOLI 6d. LARGE FLAT RED TRIPOLI 6d. GIANT ROCCA 6d. WHITE LISBON WHITE SPANISH or READING All Garden Seeds Jree by Post or Rail. Five per Cent. Discount for Cash. WEBB 8c SONS, Seedsmen by Royal Warrants to H M. the Qaeen and H.R.H. the Prince of Wales, W0RD8LEY,8T0URBRIDGE. New Fern ADIANTUM FKAGRANTISSIMA (First- class Certificue).-In introducing for the first time this lovely Fern, which was raised io their establishmeol, E. G. H. & Son have no hesitation in saying; that never since the intro- duction of A. Farieyense has anything apptoaching such a charminE variety been introduced ; in habit it U all that can be desired as a decorative plant, the fronds rising well from the crown, terminating into a graceful curve, forming quilea pluine- like frond, while the pinnae, which is of moderate siza, is beau- tifully cut, as in the way of A. Farieyense alcicorne, and in a young slate ; the centre of the same is of a golden-green. versing off into a paler shade, and changing to a deeper green as it approaches maturity ; and in addition, when growing, it is deliciously fragrant, a few plants filling ihe hi perfume. Eithe: valuable addition _xhibition or decoration, this remarkable novelty is certain to become the most popular Adiantum in cultivation. The fronds when cut last a length of time ; some which were cut as an experiment remained in perfection more than a week in a warm room. Being of a vigorous constitution, and of such surpassing elegance, it will quickly supersede the old favourite, A. cune- atum. for all purposes. HeaUhy plants, in 4-inch pots, each, 5J. and 71. 6d. ; 6 for ^ ^^^^*T .^^ SON, Pine-apple Nursery, WG 0 R D O N, Importer of Orchids • from ALL PARTS of the WORLD.-An IMMENSE STOCK of recently imported Plants compels a SALE of the Established Plants to make room. These have not yet flowered, but are all fiawering plants, and must be sold at a great sacrifice. VERY VALUABLE VARIETIES are certainly to be ob- tained, and great bargains : see Public Journals for high prices recently obtained. THE SPECIAL OFFER affords a PAVING INVESTMENT to any one with glass at command, which should not be overlooked. SUCH PLANTS may never again be offered to the PUBLIC and the TRADE. Apply to W. GORDON, The Nurseries, Amyand Park Road, Twickenham, Middlesex. ORCHID EXIIBITIOI. One of the most beautiful sights in London. o RCHIDS.— Mr. William Bull's ORCHID EXHIBITION. The Private View to Patrons of the Establishmtnt is held every TUESDAY, THURSDAY, and SATURDAY, lo to 5 o'clock, ihrouf-hout JULY. Establishment for New and Rare Plants, S36, King's Road, Chelsea, London, S.W. o RCHIDS.— Mr. Willi.\m Bull's EXHI- BITION is OPEN to the Public every MONDAY, WEDNESDAY, and FRIDAY, 10 to 5 o'clock, throughout JULY. Admission, each day, 2J. ttd. ORCHIDS. — A vision of loveliness unpa- ralleled in Europe. /^RCHIDS.—" Must be seen to be realised." ORCHIDS. — " A scene of the greatest Orchidic beauty, biffliog description, and, we had air said, defying exaggeration." — Gardeners' Chronicle. o RCHIDS. — Specimens in Flower from Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, Ecuador, Madagascar, Assam, Peru, Costa Rica, Venezuela, West Indies, Burmah, Borneo, and various other parts of the Eastern Archipe- lago. RCHIDS.— Private View to Patrons of the Establishment every Tuesday. Thursday, and Saturday, 10 to 5 o'clock, throughout JULY. RCHIDS.— Public Exhibition every Mon- day. Wednesday, and Friday. 10 to 5 o'clock, throughout JULY. Admission, each day, as. id. ORCHIDS.— The Exhibition is worth going any distance to see at Mr. William Bull's Establish- ment for New and Rare Plants, 536, King's Road, Chelsea, London. S W. Now Ready, reichenbachia: ORCHIDS ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIBED. By F. SANDER, St. Alban's. This Work is issued in Monthly Parts, each containing four beauti- fully Coloured Plates by eminent Floral Artists. The History and Culture of each Plant is given in English, French, and German. The Latin Descrip- tions and Leaders, &c., by Professor Reichenbach. Price ofeach Number to Subscribers, 7s. 6d. per Month. She oj Plates, 21 inches by 15 inches. Sample Copies post-free on application, to be re- turned in case of non-aubscnptlon to F. SANDER, ST. ALBAN'S. THE SATURDAY, JULY 10, 1886. GLYNDE PLACE. IN consequence of the preference for foreign travel many interesting spots in our own country remain unexplored, or they are only seen in glimpses from the railway. Many per- sons probably, after leaving Lewes en route for Eastbourne, have taken a rapid glance from the train at Glynde, and have sometimes perhaps mistaken the church, whose architecture seems in the distance more domestic than ecclesias- tical, for Glynde Place. The house of the late Speaker of the House of Commons, now bear- ing the family title of Viscount Hampden, lies a stone's-throw beyond the church, and is entirely concealed from view. The village of Glynde is a place of great attraction from more than one point of view, for it is not only a delightful Southdown village, dry and clean and built upon a slope, with good cottages and gardens for working men, and several curious old houses — a village of pros- perous and smiling aspect— but its history is remarkable. The rural population of England is only 10,500,000 in a total population of 26,000,000, so that 15,500,000 are born beneath a canopy of smoke instead of that of heaven. If you visit Glynde on a sunny day you will find a pure and glittering atmosphere charged with ozone, while at night this cradle of strong men and healthy women is overarched by the starry sky, without intervening fogs and smoke clouds. There is no need to discuss whether the men are better for being born in a gardened country place, or a guttered town enveloped in the fumes of factories and smoke of belching chim- neys. Trade, it seems, will have its streets and its crowded populations stewing in their own juice, amongst whom a third generation is never reached, the stock becoming effete. But gar- dened spots like Glynde will have to be increased for the sake of restoring the balance of health and vigour to a country which is already startled at the predicament it stands in. The land question, I have often thought, in- volves the extension of gardens. We may not get small farms since their economy may be doubtful : we shall not get peasant proprietors, because commerce in England pays better interest than land ; but we must have more well-paid labourers, and more gardens, and to gardens must be added, in pastoral districts, cow plots. As regards these various details, the history of Glynde is most instructive. Here for a period of forty years John Ellman, a famous worthy of the Southdowns in his day, accom- plished what every good landlord must desire — the happiness of those who dwell and labour on his property. Mr. Ellman was the agent for two of the three Lords Hampden who preceded the present highly respected peer, now the Lord- Lieutenant of Sussex, in the ownership of Glynde Place. As these former owners were absentees, their agents held the office of premier on the estate he managed, and I propose to notice briefly his system of government as the founder of a model village ot the best type I moral beauty being chiefly aimed at, and as a 38 THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE, [July lo, 1886. creator of many gardens as well as substantial cottages. Mr. EUman became famous to the agricultural world as the improver of Southdown sheep, the premier breed, and the most useful by far for its widespread influence in refining the mutton of other breeds of sheep. It is no small merit to have raised the price and value of innumerable flocks, to have sold at 300 guineas a pair, and to have multiplied the choicest legs of mutton and improved the cutlets of the people. The son of a small farmer, he became the personal friend of Arthur Young, and of all the famous agriculturists of his time. Francis, Uuke of Bedford, would drive over to Glynde when visiting the Sussex racecourses and watering-places, and spend several days farming with his friend Ellman. The Earl of Egremont, the greatest man in Sussex, a munificent and excellent man in spite of foibles, was his close ally, as well as the Duke of Rich- mond, another agriculturist of note, one of the founders of the famous Goodwood flock. The Earl of Chichester of 1822 was a philanthropist like the late respected Earl and Lord-Lieutenant, and an interesting letter of his to Ellman refers his success in rendering Glynde one of the happiest and best regulated villages. Want of space prevents my giving the details of Mr. EUman's plan ; but I may say that the epitaph on his tomb in the churchyard bears testimony, in simple language, to his fame as a breeder, and to the devotion of his life to the happiness of the people. He had been raised to the position of a county magistrate in times when such an honour was rarely conferred on a farmer, and having educated himself, he sup- ported a school in the village and a winter evening school in his own kitchen for the purpose of instructing his poorer neighbours. His method may be generally described in his own ipithy language. He preached what he practised, when he said : — " Keep your young unmarried labourers in your own house. Let them feel the comforts of a good home, and they will be shy ol risking these by improvident mar- riages. Let your wives and daughters personally super- intend the female servants, and the latter will acquire tastes and habits adverse to hasty marriages and in- different partners. When young farming men marry and settle in a cottage, let them have grass land for a cow and pig, and arable enough to grow Potatos and vegetables for their family, and above all, pay them according to their skill. Teach them to respect them- selves, and they will respect their employer and protect his property. Give them the means of brewing good beer at home, and they will seek no public-house. Remove temptation by allowing as few beer-shops and pot-houses as is compatible with the convenience of travellers. Try moral measures before you coerce by penal laws." Some of Mr. EUman's methods may sound old-fashioned, but they are not the less excel- lent, and the substitutes for them, in these changed times, have yet to be found. If it be true that farm labourers have depreciated, that can only have arisen from the circumstances of their daily lives having altered for the worse. Ellman recommended attaching the labourer to the land — the reverse has been accomplished, and hence the labourers' unions, having strikes as their object, and hence the agitators whom farmers' dread without having the least notion how to circumvent them, for farmers do not read — they are not inventive, and not one in 10,000 of them ever studied Mr. EUman's plans, or heard of him as the founder of a model village. So far as the altered conditions permit Lord Hampden is proceeding on the same lines as Ellman by means of good gardens and cottages. He is an excellent landlord and a spirited armer. Butter, barley, and mutton are among the best products of Glynde, and it must suffice to say here that Lord Hampden has founded a herd of fifty Jersey cows, the best of butter- makers, and is building at his own cost and risk a butter factory for himself and tenants or other neighbours. He has introduced steam cultiva- tion on his farm — the same that Ellman held — and is producing barley and mutton beyond all precedent ; and this leads to an increased wage- fund and more cottages, which, in point of fact, have been already built, with good gardens or allotments. The dinner of a flourishing friendly society, at which Lord Hampden presides, was held the day after my visit in a tent in a meadow. I can only mention further on this subject Lord Hampden's annual pastorals, which he delivers at the Glynde harvest-home, and which the country has learned to anticipate with interest. It is time to speak of horticultural matters. Mr. Colgate, Lord Hampden's agent, had taken me to look at a silver cup won by a member of his family at Petworth in the last century, the first silver cup probably ever awarded at a live- stock show, and I had seen the large room where Mr. Ellman dined on state occasions, when in passing through his first-rate farm- house garden, he pointed to a common Acacia tree 30 feet high perhaps, and of ten years' growth. Its history is curious. The bees having swarmed Mr. Colgate placed their hive on an old stump of an Acacia which had been deprived of its roots, and had lain three years in the timber yard. Judging from the appear- ance of the stump the tree was aged and of good size, and this makes it the more remark- able that on fixing the stump in the earth for the purpose of supporting it firmly a dormant bud should have presently produced a shoot which has since grown into a tree, as I have just stated. Glynde Place is a large quadrangular house, improved in the last century from the older mansion of the Morleys by Dr. Trevor, Bishop of Durham. It is situated not far from the base of Mount Caburn, one of Gilbert White's " mountains " of Sussex, and a spot dear to archjeologists for its British cr Roman earth- works at the crown, and at the top of the village, whose lower level rests on the railway, and on a reach of the River Ouse, which is here aug- mented by the Glydebourne. The rear of the house abuts on the high road ; its principal fronts look upon a pleasant lawn and shrub- bery on the north, and across the terrace on the east, where the landscape includes a park of 100 acres, planted with stately trees (the land being rich), and a beautifully wooded country beyond. It is a long view, extending mile after mile as far as the hills of Heathfield and the Forest Ridge, over a cultured part of Sussex, every inch of which the late Speaker is prob- ably familiar with, loving his own few miles at home a little better perhaps than he can do, the more distant world which belongs to other people. Home must be sweet, and honours and rewards, worn with much meekness, cannot be unwelcome, when they follow a life of labour for the public good. Glynde was first granted to a family named De Glynde, whose heiress married Sir Richard Walleys early in the fourteenth century. The male line of this knightly house became extinct, and Joane, the daughter of the last Sir John, conveyed the estate about the end of the fifteenth century to Nicholas Morley. There are numerous brasses of the Morleys, as of their successors the Trevors, in the chancel of the church. They held the estate for seven descents, when the last owner of their name, a widow, married John Trevor. Trevor after Trevor followed from 1653, the first of the pos- sessors of Glynde bearing the name being the eldest son of Sir John Trevor, Secretary of State to Charles II., and the husband of Ruth, the daughter of John Hampden, the patriot. One of this family was created Viscount Hampden, a title which became extinct in 1824, and remained so till recently. The Brands acquired the estate by marriage with the Trevors, and Lord Hampden's brother, the twenty-second Baron Dacre — to whose title he is heir presumptive — bears the family name of Trevor, having changed it from Brand in com- pliance with the will of the last Lord Hampden. H. E. ALBUCA (EUALBUCA) CORYMBOS.\, Baktr, n. sp* Like Tritonia Wilsoni, this was discovered by Mr. A. Wilson, in the neighbourhood of Port Eliia- beth, and was flowered at home by his brother, Mr. John Wilson, of Greenside Gardens, St. Andrews. It belongs to the subgenus of Albuca, in which the three outer stamens are without anthers. It comes nearest to A. juncifolia, Baker, in Gardeners' Chronicle, 1876, p. 534 ; Botanical Magazine, t. 6395, but it has the erect flowers and corymbose inflorescence of A. caudata and A. fastigiata. Description ; — Bulb globose, above an inch in dia- meter ; neck short ; outer tunics splitting into fibres at the top. Leaves, 6 — 8, sub-terete, glabrous, above a foot long when fully developed, ^ inch broad at the base, convex on both surfaces, tapering gradually to the apex. Peduncle terete, \ foot long. Flowers, 5 — 6, inodorous, arranged in a lax corymb ; pedicels erect, 2 — 4 inches long ; bracts ovate or ovate-lanceo- late. Perianth an inch long, yellow, banded with green ; inner segments cucullate and permanently connivent, so that the flower is cleistogamous and self-fertilised. Outer stamens without anthers. Style prismatic, as long as the oblong ovary. J. G, Baker. Tritonia (Montbrktia) Wilsoni (Baker), n. sf.f This was sent to me through the Gardeners' Chronicle from Mr. John Wilson, of Greenside Gardens, St. Andrew's, N.B. It was collected by his brother, Mr. Alexander Wilson, in the neighbourhood of Port Elizabeth. The bulbs of the eastern province of Cape Colony are often different species from those of the western regions. This comes nearest to the well- known Tritonia lineata, Ker, in the flower, but the leaves present an entirely different type of character. Mr. Wilson has kindly sent me a complete specimen and two sketches made from the living plant. Description. — Corm globose, } inch diameter; outer coat thin, brown, reticulated. Stem slender, terete, 2 feet long below the spikes. Leaves 5 — 6, narrow linear, under a line broad, nearly quadran- gular in section, the three lower sub-basal, I — ij foot long, the others distant, superposed. Spikes simple or forked, lax, 4 — 7-flowered. Spathe-valves lan- ceolate, unequal, \ — i inch long. Perianth white, flushed with purple ; tube funnel-shaped, \ inch long ; segments obovate-cuspidate, twice as long as the tube, the arcuate upper one the longest. Stamens reaching half-way up the limb ; anthers linear-oblong, purple. Style-arms oblong-cuneate, entire, ofer- topping the anthers, J. G, Baker, Sagenia mamillosa, T. Moore, Illust. ffort., ser. 4, vol. vi., t. 598. Closely allied to S, decurrens, but with all the segments of the frond undivided, and the sori, which cover the surface, inserted in very deep cavities, so as to form a series of pointed teat-like protuberances over the upper surface. Hab. : Molucca Isles. This distinct-looking and handsome Fern has been recently introduced from one of the Molucca Isles by the Compagnie Continentale d'Horticulture, and is figured in the publication {Illustration Horticole) which emanates from their establishment. It bears considerable resemblance to Sagenia decurrens, espe- cially in the winged rachis and stipes ; but as far as • Alh(ca{Eiialbuca) corymboia. Baker, n. sp. — Bulbo glo. boso, collo brevi, tunicis apice fibrosis ; fotiis, 6—8, sub-tereti- bus glabris utrinque convexis ; pedunculo tereti foliis breviori ; floribus, 5 — 6, inodoris in corymbum lajtum, dispositis, pedicellis elongatis erectis ; bracteis ovatisvix ovato-Ianceolatis ; peri.inthio hiteo-vir idi : staminibus exterioribus castratia ; stylo prisma* tico ovario aequilongo. t Tritonia {Mantbretia\ Witsoni (Baker), n. sp.— Cormo globoso tunicis brunneis reticulatis ; caule gracili tereti bipedali ; foliis 5 — 6 anguste linearibus firmis glabris subquadrangularibus, 3 subbasalibus reliquis superpositis longe segregatis ; spicis laxifloris simplicibus vel furcatis, spathae valvis lanceolatis Integris inatqualibus ; floribus albido-puipureis ; perianthii tubo July io, 1886.] THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. 39 we can ascertain, the lower pair of segments (pinnas) are not forlh, Veitch, Liino- Paul & Son, Low, &c. The Chairman, in giving the toast of the evening— " The Gardeners' Rojal bdnevolcnt Institution, long may it flourish "—said that if English valour over sea and Und was proverbial in like manner English charity had no pai^allel. In no other country were there such magcii- fioenl institutions supported by voluntiry contributions ; llowhere was generous charity to poorand needy, irrespec^ live of creed or nationality, bestowed with a more Ijvish hand than in England. It was in thiyear 1838 that a few charitably disposed gentlemen conceived the most laud- a()le ld=a of starling the Gardeners' Benevolent Institution with the object of helping poor and distressed gardeners in their old age. For four years the Society did not prosper ; but in ihe year 1842, on the election of their present Secretary, matters began to look up and the proceeds o( the anniversary dinner in 1843 amounted to /40. Since that time the Society had progressed, and he was happy to tell them that their income now amounted to over ^2000 a year. They had funded the sum of /2i,ooo. They had 118 pensioners on the hsts, the men receiving /ao per annum, and the women /16 per annum. Since the Society was formed tliey had helped 553 persons, at a cost of oyer ;^43.oo3. Those figures spoke for themselves. I hey must not, however, relax their efforts, for they had increasing demands upon their resources When he told them that there were in England 2r 000 gardeners they might imagine to what a degree of use- fulness the Society might be carried. Need he dwell upon Ihe special claims which the Society had upon their symp.ithy and support ? Bountiful Nature had stored this earth of ours with lovely (lowers in countless variety and profusion, with luscious fruits and health- giving vegetables, but it was to our gardeners that we looked by their core, zeal, and attention to brine them to perfection. They were aware how arduous were the duties ol a gardener— in all weathers all climates and seasons, he was at work early and 1 ile and from the nature of his duties, through exposure to climatic changes, he was liable to infirmities which incapacitated him from gaining his daily hving - and besides that he was not too highly remunerated ' Th^ ;£^2i,ooo reserve fund of which he had spoken produced only a smill sum towards their annual expenditure, and, moreover, it was a nest-egg which they did not want to touch, but which they wanted to keep for a "rainy day." They had, therefore, to rely upon dona- tions and subscriptions lor their revenue. . He was li ippy to say that when gardeners were .-ippcaled to in the proper way thiy were ready to respond, and he niiKht inform them that a gentleman in the room who had written to many of the gardeners had received satis- factory replies from 171 gentlemen's gardeners. He could not too strongly reconimend the Society 10 the support of the gardeners themselves, and he hoped that gentlemen who employed them would impress upon them the urgency and importance of belonging to the Society, which above all things taught the grand lessons of sell-help, thrift, and providence. One of their rules provided that any subscriber of 10 guineas in a lump sum who had been on the books of the Society for fifteen years or any subscriber of i guinea per annum for fifteen years was eligible (or the benefit of the pension fist without election or cmvas. Looking at the matter, therefore from a monetary point of view it was a good investment. He might be told by some that they were not Ikcly ever to want the aid ol the Society. He cjuld only reply that there were on the list men who had been in alTuient circumstances, and who were now gl id to receive the aid which the Society gave them. Moreover, if those who subscribed did not want to help themselves they ought certainly to help others. He ventured to su^roest that many of them who had children fond of gaoTens should enter them on the list as subscribers, and let ihem save up their money for the Gardeners' Uenevolenl In- stitution. Many generous donations bed been promised that evening, and he besought them all 10 give llieir support 10 the Society. Let them in the kindness of their hearts make the forty-third anniversary dinner one ot the greatest successes in that respect, that they had ever had. He coupled with the to.ast the name of ihe father o( the Institution— Mr. John Lee. Mr. John Lee, in responding, said he had certainly been connected with the Institution from its orioin but he could hardly claim to have been the originator o( it Owing to the exertions which had been put forward during the last few years they had been enabled to increase the amount of the annual pensions, and the Institution was now in a very flourishing condition Ihis was greatly owing to their Secretary, who was about the best beggar in ihe world. The com- mittee also had acted on the plan of preserving the funds entrusted to their care, so that no institution in London has been managed with more economy than the Gardeners' Benevolent Institution. He had proposed the election of the first member of the Insti- tution Their funds were then in a miserable condition, and they had just suffijient to pay the one man's pension, and the expenses of the Institution for one year. Now they had 116 pensioners, and granted /20 a-year for males, and £16 a-year for females. While nnny charitable institutions were always in debt the Girdenerj' Benevolent Institution had funded every legacy left to them and ev.-ry life donatio 1 In that way they had built up a noble fund, which they could fall back upon in case of need. Mr I. R. Bourne proposed " the President, Vice- Presidmts, and Treasurer of the Institu ion " c mplino- with the toast the names of Baron Schioeder'and of Mr" E. Tidswell, who briefiy replied. The latter gentlemen expressed his hearty thanks to those who had con- tributed to the decorations o( the tables and the room The decorations of the tables were due to the deft fingers of Miss Williams, and gifts of flowers had been sent by Messrs. William Cutbush, Veitch. Lain'', Paul & Son, and Low. This annual festival w.as unique in this respect, and in its fruit and floral display he be- lieved II was the best dinner throughout tlie whole of the London season. Major Lambert, in proposing "The Chairman," said they had m.ade an e.vccllent choice in appointing Mr Sherwood their Chairman. Mr. Sherwood had expressed the hope that they might on that occasion raise the sum ofj^Moo. He hoped they would show their appreci i- tion of Mr. Sherwood's services in the chair by subscribimr hberally, and helping their Chairman to obtain the largcit subscription that had ever been made, at this their (orty- Ihird anniversary. The Chairman, in acknowledging the toast, said he had now 10 ask them to drink the health of a gentle, man who had been connected with the Institution ever since its foundation— Mr. Cutler, Iheir Secretary If ever there was a pattern secretary, and who took fi genuine interest in a society, it was Mr. Cutler. He hoped they would make Mr. Cutler happy by making the subscription list one of the largest they had yet had Mr. Cutler, the Secretary, then said-Gentlemen, for the lorty-tliird time I beg to make my annual bo.v and to report to you the result o( this evening's proceedings Some forty-three years ago we held our first festival i remember it well ; it was on a cold, wet, muiky day in January, and it took place in a most dingy and dirly place in the Strand— the late "Crown and Anchor" famous for Radical meetings and balls of questionable reputation. We collected somewhere between 2^40 and /,5o, and thought we had done wonders. We had about forty or fifty people present, and out of that number I think only three are alive, and I am pleased 10 say they are in the room at this moment— Mr. John Lee, Major Bolton, and your humble servant. However, since that time we have steadily progressed— not so fast as I should like, but still we have progressed and we have never retrograded. Now, Mr. Chairman and gentlemen, you wiU be pleased to hear that the resultofour day's proceedings is the largest amount ever yet received at any anniversary ^J«««/i. Gentlemen, the Chairman's fist amounts to ^^570, including /'loo from him=elf • and to show that he practises what he preaches he has put down the sum of/2r for each of his three children Baron Schroder has given us £26 51. ; Sir Trevor Lawrence, jf 25 £1. ; Major Geo. Lambert, ^£'31101. ; Mr July io, iSSfi.] THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. 43 Harry Veitch has collected the sum of /"32o, out of which there are annual subscriptions from about eiffhiy gardeners. Our good friend, G, A. Dickson, Esq., Mayor of Chester, has come up specially to attend this festival, and has brought from his locality the sum of ^loo. Mr. Tait (D.ckson. Brown & Tail), of Manchester, has sent up the sum of £-j\\ Mr. C. Fisher, of Shemt-Id, has sent up the sum ol ^6S ; Mr. Williams, of Holloway, has brought the sum of ^55 ; these amounts make up a grand total of ^1430. and I have reason to think there is more to follow. Gentlemen, on behalf of the recipients of your bounty, I beg to thank you. and I am sure tliat none of you will sleep any the worse to-night for the valuable aid you have rendered to the Instuuiion. Now, what cm I say as regards niysell? Nothing but an o!ten-told t.ile. G-jnikmen, I thank you very much for the honour you have again conferred upon nie, and I trust That in the fev/ years I may have yet to Hve to retain the good opinion which I have good reason to know you entertain lor me. Again, I beg lespecilully to thank you. Mr. H. J. Adams gave the " Horticultural and Bota- nical Societies of Ki.gUnd." Sir Tkkvor Lawkence responded. He ventured to suggest that they should get the President of the Royal Horticultural Society to occupy the chair at one of ilie annual dinners, and if they could get the Duke of West- minster to take the chair, he thought it would be greatly to the advantage of the Institution. With regard to the Royal Horticultural Society, he admitted there was one thing it might have done and which it had not done. It might haveinteresudittelfa little more in theeducalionof young gardeners. He should like to tell them that of the prizes which were given by the Gardeneri' Chronicle for an essay on scientific points in connection with practical horticulture, the second prize was gained by a young man on the staff ot the Horliculturdl Society at Chis- wick. When he heard how large a measure of support was given to institutions and schools for tlie education of young gardeners abroad he thought to himself that we had a great deal to learn from foreign countries. We were a little disposed in this country to think that we were the centre of the universe, and that the whole of tlie foreign countries circulated around us as we do round the sun, but the longer we lived the less reason we found to consider this to be true. Certainly with regard to this matter of the education of young gardeners we were very far behind other countries. It was only lately that we had become keenly alive to the necessity of having a more p'actical system of technical education, and if technical education were necessary in anything certainly it was necessary in gardening. Mr. Shikley Hidberd proposed " The Nursery and Seed Trades— the Parents of the Institution." He said that that Institution was so deeply indebted to the seed trade and to the nursery trade that the toast was certainly appropriate on that occasion. It might be that tliey had thought of the capabilities of the seed trade to continue its generous support to the Institution during the depression of trade ; for those trades connected with gardening had suftered perhaps as much as any. Seeing, however, how few had been the failures in tliose trades, and how generous they had continued in their support of the Institution, it did seem that the state of the nursery and seed trades was fairly sound. One reason for it wu.<:, that members of those tradr-s did not very much depress one another. They had learned that uniiy is strength. Customers were always increasing in number, and the earth continued to produce her fiuits, therefore one might reasonably suppose that the seed and nursery trades would continue to prosper in the future. The Mayok or Chester briefly acknowledged the compHnient. The Chairman proposed " The .Stewards and Com- mittee of Management," which was responded to by Mr. Williams, and the proceedings terminated. (|rcl|id lo!i!3 and ilfanings. BRASSAVOLA DIGBYANA. The earlier culiivators of this noble species grew it on a block suspended near the glass, where it proved of exceedingly iloiv giowlh. It may possess this character under any condition, but its bold and telling appearance should insure its introduction to every collection. A fine mass of it flowers annually in the garden of Sir George Macleay at Pendell Couit, where it is grown in a large well drained pot in a mixture of lumpy fibrous peat and sphagnum. Its fragrance, especially at night, pervades the whole house in which it is grown. The sepals and petals may be described as a pale green white, of great endurance, and fading with age ; they measure at least 5 to 6 inches across the lips, but are altogether eclipsed by the great lacerated white labellum. The fineness and extraordinary length of the fringes con- stitutes the moit conspicuous feature of the labellum, which also possesses near the base a curiously elevated process, doubtless concerned in, or lending material assistance in bringing about fertilisation. This pro- cess is well shown in the Botaniciil Ma^^^azim^ t. 447.^. The pseudobulbs and the oblong, solitary, rigid ter- minal leaf presents the appearance of a Catlleya or Lselia, to the latter of which ihe Genera Flaiitaram, how- ever, considers it should belong. The sepals and petals are nearly of the same width, while the labellum is abruptly dilated and hooded, depriving it of the tubular appearance of the labellum of a LceUa. A stronger character, however, is derived from the enormously elongated beak of the ovary. The beak and ovary measure at fijwerin^ time 7 inches in length ; the former curves over the end of the large spaihe, bringing Ihe flower into a horizontal position. The peduncle and pedicel only measure about an inch, therfore, the distinct pseudobulbs and terminal flat leaf are the strongest characters that militate against its retention in the genus Brassavola. y. F. ONCIDIU.VI TETRACOPiS, Rchb. f. All the flowers I had seen from Messrs. W. Hull, Farmer Hall, and Lemon, had brown wings to the column. Mr. A. Wilson, Westbrook, Sheffield, sends rae the same species with yellow wings, adorned with a few purple Hoes and streaks. A mo^t welcome sketch of the whole plant gives evidence that the pseudobulbs stand close together, so that our plant may be easier of management than those species with straggling stems and distant pseudobulbs. //. G. Kchb. f. HOYA IMPERIALIS. Of all the cuMvatid species of Iloya the present is deservedly entitled to the high-sounding title it receives. The fragrant flowers arc between 2 and 3 inches in diameter, of great substance and rigidity. They are produced on the young wood in exlra- axillary umbels of nine to fourteen flowers each. Occasionally they are terminal or subterminal on the young wood, but more frequently on the space between two leaves, with the peduncle becoming separate from the branch at a point on a level with the petioles of two opposite leaves, or nearly so. The umbel is large, although the flowers composing it are few comparatively with that of many other species owing to the great sze of the individual flowers. The staminal corona is large, procninent, and white, contrary to the general rule in most of the more generally cultivated species, where it forms the most conspicuous and attractive object of the flower. The corolla is described in the BotanUal Magazine, t. 4397, as deep rose without, and pale rose within, failing to white, hut this description neither agrees with the coloured plate nor with that of the living plant itself. Externally it may he described as a pale dusky yellow, and deep brownish.red internally, fading to a yellowish-while before it drops away. When seen in prime condition the corolla is of great substance, and shines with a waxy lustre. The ol.ilan- ceolate or oblong, leathery, opposite leaves are of great siz.'. There is a plant in the unique and most interesting collection at Pendell Court, where it is trained under a rafter clo?e to the glass in the tropical Water Lily-house, and has been flowering for a c;n- siderable time. J. F. THE SYDNEY GARDENS, BATH. For years past Bath has been famous for its gar- dens, and in the time of Beau Nash the chief of these were the Spring Gardens ; others of scarcely less im- portance were the Villa Gardens, King James' Palace and the Bagatelle Gardens ; and to these were sub-equently added the Grosvenor Gardens. At that lime Spring Gardens " were practically in the country, and though the approach to them was repelling, they aff itded from their airiness a pleasant contrast to the sluft'y, narrow streets of the city. Wiih their grottos, arbours, and statuary, greensward, and gay parterres, music, and games, they supplied the charm of variety, and ministered to the enjoyment of the patrons." The pleasure gardens pastimes of those days are worthy notice. A writer in one of the Bath papers, treating on Bath in the eighteenth century, says : — "Imagine the beaux and belles ot our crescents and squares rising with the lark, and after a visit to the baths or pump-room, going to a public garden to breakfast, and to dance or to witness some novel diversions." Vet this was for many years a keenly relished feature in the fashionable pro- gramme of the past century. It was even customary with persons of rank and fortune to invite their friends to "concert breakfasts " at the public places in question, and to participate in the stately minuet or cotillon. In those days fashionable society must have retired to lest much earlier than in Ihese later days if they rose with the lark. " Every Monday and Thursday a public breakfast took place to the sound of ' French horns and clarionets.' The tariff was, it seems, moderate, the tickets being i-r. 6eilu-s, and Manasicmcnt , ir-c. A reprint nf the essays and papers thereon by Mr. E. S. Dodwell. Groombridge & Sons. May I be allowed to add a word of acknowledg- ment and welcome on the appearance of Mr. Dod- well's book on the culture of the Carnation and Picotee, wherein the knowledge and practice of many years, hitherto given at intervals, and in wider bounds, is now gathered into one permanent and more accessible form. Speaking figuratively, from the flower it represents and treats upon, it has, like the bizirre Carnation of triple colour gifts, the white ground colour of a helpful pure intent, the bold markings of a full expe- rience, and for the third feature of richness the history of the Carnation as a botanist's and a florist's flower. No one need, and I think no one will, unless out of extreme innocence of the existence of Mr. Djd- well's book, attempt to go over the floral ground it covers. The history of the Carnation and Picotee could literally only be repeated, and its culture could not be more plainly and practically set forth, while the important principles of improvement by seed are explained by one who has had a rare experience and B large success. What constitutes excellence is well known among florists, and is here faithfully laid down. What shall be the super excellence of the future, of this alone we present labourers may not write. That will ever remain an unfinished tale of any florist flower— a story without an end, so long as there shall be florists who, in their day, will lead their flowers on, and make record of advances gained. In Mr. Dodwell's book I note one modest omis- sion, though from bis words on "Pleasures of a garden," one might almost infer it without aid— that one point is the constant beauty of order, and spot- less cleanliness, whether from weed, or pest, or decay- ing matter, in which his flowers always have been nurtured. It was always a pleasure to see the con- dition and surroundings of Mr. Dodwell's Carnations and Picotees— nothing about them to detract or dis- tract. I know that some of us, so long as the jewel was there, have not always cared about the setting, but, nevertheless, untidiness was not lair to the jewel. On one thing we have much to thank Mr. Dod- well for, and that is the bestowal of his very inti- mate knowledge of, so to say, the personal and family history of so many varieties of the Carnation and Picotee. It i; the result of careful notes and close observation, and many other acts of patience and deep interest, and but for him such history would have been lost. The Carnation is both a favourite garden flower and of high standing as one of the sterling old flowers of the florist. But not alone to the florist, I feel sure, will this book be of great practical use : much of the same treatment and attention, if paid to the usual garden varieties, will amply justify its adoption. What is needful to the florist flower will be a complete luxury to the border Carnation, though to neither is it a system of riotous living and unnatural coddling. Valualde to all who would grow Carnations of any kind is the knowing how to secure seed, from the early hour of catching the fugitive pollen on the anthers, to the time for harvesting the rather shelly and shabby-looking pod ; generally necessary, also, is knowledge of the causes, symptoms, and remedy of disease. Welcome to all is the right teaching on packing the plants, or their flowers. On all such matters and import Mr. Dodswell's book will be of more than limited use. Vet I hope, too, that it will be a means of spread- ing the knowledge and cultivation of a beautiful and fragrant flower in its more varied and more highly- gified forms. L-t it stand, to "strangers yet," on these intrinsic merits, though we could all speak of what more to a florist his florist flowers are. I would only remark that the Carnation and Picotee are not necessarily pot plants, neither are they a whit less frost-proof than the border kinds S jme are of a habit more slow of increase, and of slenderer growth ; but most will be found robust enough for the open garden. There they will, as two-year old plants especially, be abundant bloomers, and as shiwy as any rougher things ; but the more they flower the smaller the size, as indeed also with the rougher things. The severer the exposure, the less lasting their beauty ; but so it will be, too, with coarser kinds. In the matter of propagation the method of always having a succession of plants from layers is the best. No winter will destroy a healthy rooted layer, but in two-year-old planti, or older, winters like the last will be found fatal in destroying the pith of an old main stem, and so the entire plant. I hope that, even as a garden flower, ih: florists Carnation and Picotee will become more known, and that Mr. Dodwell's words of guidance may fulHI the practical floricullural object for which he has written the length and breadth of his long experience as a grower, judge, and raiser of the Carnation and Picotee. F, D, Horner, Hyacinthus, The perianth is six-parted, with hypo- gynou; stamens, while Ilemerocallis has the perianth united at the base, and the stamens seated upon it. SciUa nutans has the perianth segments slightly united at the base, the stamens, however, seated upon it, and Hyacinthus has a tubular Bower. Paradisia Liliastrum is figured \a Flore dcsSerres, 21S2, where a great number of synonyms are given. J. F. THE NOMENCLATURE OF PARADISIA. Now that botanists have carried it thus far and saddled it v;ith such a pleasant name it is hoped they will rest on their arms and have it alone. I have traced it through nine Latin or Greek generic names, and three or four English names, such as Liliaster, S:. Bruno's Lily, and Savoy Spiderwort. None of the generic names are very recent, which shows that the older botanist; were quite as mischievous in their nomenclature as those of the present day, and might well have been asked "where they were going." Paradisia is so named because considered a suitable inhabitant of Paradise. Bertoloni in his Flora Italiana, iv., 132, authorises this name, but many other European botanists have each named it accord- ing to his own liking. Linnaeus is quoted as the authority for both Hemerocallis and Anthericum, although it is most probable he authorised Ilemero- callis liliastrum only. The plant is described in Loudon's En^ycJopiSdia. of Plants under both the above names in the first edition of the book, and almost in the same words, referring in each case to the Botanical Magazine, t. 318, where it is figured as Anthericum. It is described and figured in the Illustrated Dictionary 0/ Gardening as Antheri- cum, but is referred to Paradisia later on. In the Journal of the LimiiVan Society, xv., 2S6, Czackia is the adopted name, and is perhaps next to Antheri- cum that most commonly emp'oyed in gardens. Other names, such as Phalangium, Liliastrum, AUobrogia, and llyperogyne, have probably never been employeil in British gardens, nor much quoted in gardening book-. Amidst all this tangled synonymy it is significant to note that the specilia name, Liliastrum seems to have been retained in every case except where the latter has been used by Link in his Handbook, i., 173, as the generic name, when Liliastrum, album was used. If it could bi demon- strated that the latter was the oldest name it would be a very suitable and desirable one to adopt ; but the mischief attached to the alteration of long-standing or well known garden names is incalculable, and cannot be appreciated by gardeners generally who hate synonyms, nor can understand why botanists alter them, ev,n if only to rectify a popular but erroneous garden name. Tiiere is but one species of Paradisia, namely, Liliastrum, a native of the Pyrenees and the Alps of middle Europe generally, from whence it was introduced to this country in 1629, and may probably have retained a position there ever since, seeing that it is hardier than some people are willing to imagine. It likes a tolerably moist, rich, open soil, but is not fastidious in that respect, and main- tains itseli in the open border without the slightest artificial protection even in the northern parts of this island, attaining an average height of 18 inches, flowering in spring or early summer and then going to rest. Speaking broadly, it would bear the same relation to Hemerocallis that Scilla nutans does to PRUNIXG AND INCREASING RHODODEN- DRONS. This is a good time to trim in Rhododendrons, as if cut in now they will throw up an abundance of young shoots in a few weeks' time, but the growths made will not bloom the following year. Should it be desired to increase the stock of any particular variety of these or hardy Azaleas, the present is a good time to layer them. Prepare some good sandy peat and surround the plant with a mound about 6 inches in depth. Get some strong hooked pegs and secure the branches on which it is desired to operate, making them fast to the ground. With a sharp knife proceed to tongue the shoot, cutting it from below in a slanting direction upwards. Be careful not to cut too deep, as the wood is brittle. Mound some of the sandy peat over the shoot at the place operated upon and a flit stone can he laid atop of all to prevent evaporation, and secure it from being disturbed by birds scratching. The soil must never be allowed to become dry, else the rooting process will not proceed rapidly. They will also root freely without tonguiog, but not so quickly. Most American plants are now growing freely, and they will derive great benefit from liberal doses of water ; applications of weak cow-dung water will be of great benefit. Dahlias, Hollyhocks. Continue to tie up Dahlias and Hollyhocks as they advance in growth. Use rather broad strands of tying material, so as not to cut the stems. If it be intended to show either of these, it will be necessary to reduce the number of spikes on Hollyhocks to one; and the quantity of blooms on Dahlias will require to be reduced in number. Freq'aent waterings with manure-water should be given, and a good mulch should be spread over the beds. If ihis is likely to prove objectionable, 2 or 3 inchesof soil can be scraped from the bed, the mulching material then hid on, and the soil returned on the top. The dry soil will prevent the escape of ammonia, and will also neutralise the smell 1. f the manure, Roses. Roses will require liberal supplies of manure-water. If this be neglected mildew will result, followed by the total loss of flowers. Should mildew appear at once take measures to stop its ravages. Syringe the trees, and while they are wet dust them over wi h flowers of sulphur. I have tried double-refined petroleum with good results. Heat rain-water to a temperature of 85°, and put into 6 gallons o( it a small 6oflowerpotful of petroleum. Stir it up twice in the vessel with the syringe before each draw out. Bi careful not to draw from the very top, and do not use any after it gets within 3 inches of the bottom of the vessel. There is nothing which I have tried as yet so deadly with red spider as petroleum. Stop all gross shoots on Roses, to equalise the flow of sap. The shoots thus stopped will throw two or three mode- ale shoots, and will flower well in autumn. Budding must be no longer delayed, and Carnations should be layered forthwith. Win. Baillie, Litton Hoo. pi.AJNT? AND THEIR j]uLTUF(E. FERNERY. In this department more air must now be given to mature the fronds, and a plentiful supply of water should be given to the roots, whether in pots or planted out. The items of Tree Ferns of all sizes must be kept well moistened, thereby encouraging them to increase in bulk, as well as causing a more robust growth in the whole plant. Shading of moderate thickness should be used, and that only when the sun is shining fully on the house ; blinds that are fixtures should be avoided if poisihle. Pot July io, i886.1 THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. 47 up such seedlings as may be required. Now is a good time lo slaita batch of Adianlum cuneatum and A. gracillimum, which have been at rest for a short time. Any of the small and delicate varieties, such as Cheilanthes, Cinychium japonicum, Llavea cordi- folia, &c., which may not be doing well, should be repotted, using good fibrous peat, similar to that employed for Orchids, with plenty of broken sandstone and charcoal intermixed ; elevate the plants slightly above the rim of the pots, and do not over-pot them. Encourage root-action as much as possible ; if a good quantity of roots is not made during the summer or early autumn, it is very difHcult to keep the plants in a healthy stale through the winter. Trailing varieties, such as Lygodium scandens, should be tied to trellises or sticks. The Filmy Ferns should have careful attention, never allowing them to suffer from dryness at the root, or in the air of the house, for i( this point be overlooked the ends of the fronds will become brown and unsightly. Keep the blinds down over this house so long as the sun shines out. Pot up singly any seedlings of last year ; they will make nice little plants by next season ; regulate the creeping rhizomes on pans and rockwork, so as to get the space covered vhere desired. Azalea-house. Specimen plants of these when in active growth must be supplied regularly with some fertiliser, such as Standen's or Clay's manure, giving also liberal sup- plies of water at the root, except to those which have been recently potted, and have not yet got hold of the new soil. Syringe regularly twice a day to keep up a moist atmosphere, as well to keep thrips in check as to promote healthy foliage. If thrips be present it is better not to resort to smoking until the growths get more matured, and no more shade should be given than is necessary, shutting up the house about 2 30, except on days when the sun is very hot, when it may be closed about 4 o'clock. Plants that have made their growth should be removed to an airy house or pit ; at no time would I advise the placing ol Azileas out-of-doors without some protection against storms. All plants that were grafted some time ago, and have made a nice growth, should have a few ties put to them, as it is frequently the case in moving or rearranging the plants that some of them get their scions broken off, and most commonly where they can be ill-spared. The Conservatorv. This structure will now be gay with plants, both flowering and foliage, and these intermixed with Balsams, Celosias, Tuberoses, Pelargoniums, Glox- inias, Fuchsias, &c., the benches, &c., edged with Ferns, Panicuras, Tropjeolum, Tradescantia, or some other graceful plant. See that the plants are not crowded together. Regulate the trailers on the roofs, trellises, and pillars; do not tie them in too closely or their elegance will be lost. All such plants as are planted out in narrow borders, will require frtquent waterings, otherwise theirblooming season will be much shortened. For a few days keep the ventilators a little closer, near plants which have just been brought io from warmer houses. Greenhouse Plants. Successional batches of tuberous Begonias, Coleus, Balsams, Fuchsias, and similar useful plants should now be coming forward to take the place o( those that are getting past their best. Pelargoniums when over should be placed out-of-doors, in a sunny posi- tion, to ripen their wood prior to cufting down. Hydrangeas, when the flowering is over, should be placed with the Pelargoniums, but giving them a large supply of water at the roots. Cuttings of these should be put in without delay, singly, in pots, in bottom-heat. If kept to single stems they make fine blooming heads early for another season. All soft-wooded Ericas will now be making free growth, and will require liberal supplies of water, and during the bright hot days we are experiencing will be benefited by being dewed over with the syringe. If mildew should show itself, a dusting of suljihur must be applied. In this department, if at all crowded, many plants of hardier constitution may be placed out-of-doors, such as Camellias, Gre- villeas, Acacias, Agapanthes, Lomatias, &c., if they have completed their growth, placing them in shady positions at first, and ultimately bringing them in a more sunny place later in the season : this must be observed, otherwise the foliage will get discoloured and burned, and oftentimes causing a great gap in the plant supply where it can be ill-spared. A. Evans, Lyths Hill, HasUmcre, "Pr^UIT3 "yNDEF} "QLAgg. PREPARING STRAWBERRY PLANTS FOR FORCING. The first step to be taken in this direction is to obtain the necessary number of 6 and 7-inch pots — only a small percentage of the latter size for late varieties— and well crock them, by placing a large piece of crock in the bottom of each pot, then 2 inches thick of two or three smaller sizes (the smallest pieces being placed on the top), over which sprinkle a handful of fresh soot, to prevent the ingress of worms, and over that a few rough pieces of loam or leaves. This done, fill the pots to within an inch of the top with a compost consisting of three par's good loam and one ol horse droppings, rubbed through a quarter-inch sieve, ramming it in firmly as the work proceeds. The pots should then be taken lo the Strawberry quarters and placed so as to reduce to a minimum the chances of the runners being dis- placed in the process of watering the plants and gathering the fruit. The runners should be layered in the centre of the pots as soon as they are large enough to handle, and secured there by means of small pegs (one to each plant), a sufficient number of which should be made beforehand out of old brooms on wet days. The best runners should, as a matter of course, be selected, and the superfluous ones cut away as the work of layering proceeds. The plants thus layered should be watered overhead every afternoon during bright sunny weather ; this, in addition to keeping the surface of the soil moist, which is all that is required until the roots have pushed into it, will keep the young plants clean and fresh. As soon as they have become sufiiciently esta- blished to admit of their being severed from the parent plants they should be removed to a favourable situation, where they will be well exposed to the sun, and be placed, not too closely together, on sifted coal- ashes, or on the brick walls enclosing Vine borders. From this time until the plants have completed their growth they should have liberal supplies ol diluted liquid manure at the roots, together with an occa- sional surface-dressing of Beeson's manure, so as to develope large consolidated crowns ; and with this object in view, all runners and any small crowns that may proceed from the original and principal ones should be removed as soon as they appear. As the runners, one in each, are being layered the points immediately beyond the miniature plant should be pinched out. The Best Varieties for Forcing. These are Vicomlesse Ilericart de Thury, La Grosse Sucree, Keen's Seedling, President, and Sir Joseph Paxton ; and the entire number of plants grown should consist of as many of the two last-named varieties as the three first-named ones together. These varieties make a good succession by putting them into the forcing-house in the order in which their names appear. Peaches. In order to assist the trees in late houses to swell fine fruits they should be kept well supplied with liquid manure at the roots, every eight or ten days, until the fruits commence colouring, when supplies of clear water will be sufficient. Failing supplies of liquid manure being at hand an occasional surface dressing of Beeson's manure before giving clean water at the roots will answer the same purpose. The shoots should be kept tied up to the trellis and all lateral growths be pinched clean out, and in tying the young and best placed shoots in their proper position to the trellis those ol last year's growth, which have no fruit on them, and which in the ordinary way would be cut out at the winter prun- ing, may, with advantage to the tree, be removed forthwith, using a sharp knife. Anything approaching crowding of the shoots should be avoided, otherwise the very object which most gardeners have in view — the production of good well-ripened wood — will be defeated. Houses in which the fruits are ripening should have a sufficient thickness of soft dry grass laid on the bed beneath the trees to prevent any ol the fruits which may (all from being bruised. This is better than looping a piece of garden netting underneath the trees, unless it be secured pretty close to the latter, and be made of some soft material, otherwise the ripe fruit would sustain injury in the fall by coming in contact with the net. I need hardy say that these houses should have abundance of fresh air admitted to them day and night, and the trees, regardless of the fact of the fruit being ripe, should not be allowed to sufler for want of water at the roots — a condition which would cause them to drop their fruit sooner than they otherwise would do, and their leaves to become infested with red-spider. Beating this in mind the soil (il indoors) should be thoroughly watered before putting the material indicated above on it, and again, as soon as the fruit has been gathered, and once or twice during the interval, should the weather be hot at the the lime, the trees should be well syringed overhead morning and afternoon after the crop has been taken. Figs. Trees swelling their fruit should, in order that the latter may attain to large dimensions, have occasional waterings of liquid manure at the roots, and the points of strong growing shoots should be pinched out prior to tying them in to the trellis, and all super- fluous growths be removed forthwith. Syringe the trees and house generally, in the morning and after- noon at shutting up time — about half-past four o'clock — when the temperature maybe run up logo'. H. W Wani, Longford Castle. j4aRdy "pRuiT '(^arde;^. Where bush fruits are grown extensively, and the greater part of it has to be gathered for preserving, a busy time is now at hand, and considerable man- agement will be necessary, especially during change- able weather, in order to harvest the crop in a satis- factory condition. When the weather is favourable it is by far the best plan to employ as many hands as possible, so that when the fruit is ripe it may be gathered as quickly as possible. Should this exces- sively dry weather continue, undoubtedly more hands than are available will be required for watering. At least the roots from which the dessert Strawberries are to be gathered for some time to come should receive timely attention in this respect, or the bearirg season will be quickly over- The nets should be entirely removed two or three times during the period the plants are fruiting, and all weeds and useless runners removed, as much for the preservation of the nets as for the benefit of the plants. The breastwood should now be spurred back on wall Plums and Apricots, and afterwards the trees should receive a good syringing or hoseing overhead, and a good soaking of water at the root. Young trees growing rapidly should receive attention as to pinching and training as opportunities occur, and the growths be kept clean by frequent syringings, G. H. Richards, SomcrUy, Rin^wood. BUPHANE toxicaria. — This plant is gener- ally recorded under the name of Brunsvigia, and sometimes under that of Hajmanthus, some of the species of which it certainly resembles strongly, such as H. Catherinae and H. Kalbreyeri, in the many- flowered umbels of starry flowers. The latter, how- ever, throws up its flowers at the same time, while B. toxicaria is perfectly leafless, or merely showing the lips of the young leaves. The scape is exceed- ingly short, with a dense umbel of pedicellate starry red flowers. They are, however, generally recorded as pink, but are certainly much darker in the speci- men flowering in the Cape-house at Kew. As in Hsemanthus, the stamens are a conspicuous feature of the flower, and the filaments in the present instance are red, with white anthers, until they burst, exposing the pale yellow pollen. The pedicels elongate after flowering, the lower fall down until the fruiting umbel presents a globose outline. Flowering is of rare occurrence with this Amaryllid in this country, and a quantity of curiously characteristic distichous leaves is usually all the growth made in a season when the plant goes to rest, and remains in that con- dition for great part of the year. It is grown as an economic plant, because the expressed juice is used at the Cape as an ingredient in the poison used to lip arrows. It is called by the Dutch, Bolletje's Gift, OT Poison-bulb- There is a figure of the species in tlM Botanical Register, 7567. 48 THB GARDENERS' CHRONICLE, ■July td, i8 APPOINTMENTS FOR THE ENSUING WEEK. r Royal Horticultural Society ; MectiiiK of the Fruit and Klorai ITommiltecs. at T„..„.„ ,..,,.., J Show of Hlowers and Kruit. , ' : Kose society s Show. .' Rooms. ' nedford and Itcrordshire Horticultural So- ciety's show. t Nottingham liorticull ( Chiswick Horlicultui J"'y'S-< Sale of a Collection of I I Bud, at Stevens' Roi if Orchids in Flower and Sale of Imported Orchids, at Protheroe & Fkidav, Iulyi6[ Morris' Roomi Sathroav Ti,1v ,7 / ^"yi-^ Botanic Society of Manch. SATURDAY, July 17 j Rose Show. IN spite of the attraclions offered by the Rose Show a gloom hung over South Kensington on Tuesday last. The Roses, poor things ! did their best in the sweltering heat. If they did lose their character, change colour, and open their eyes, that was not their fault; they pre- served their beauty as well as could be expected, and the Rose maniacs, who are about as busi- ness-like a set of people as we know, also did their parts well. Our friends are so much of specialists that we almost fear to express any opinion, but we do not think we are far out when we say that the show was not up to the average, though as much so as the season the Roses have gone through, and that they are now enduring, would lead us to expect. Among hybrid perpetuals A. K. Williams was remark- able for its brilliant rose colour and the perfect symmetry of its flowers. Madame de Watte- ville is a new Tea of great promise, with large flowers of pale cream colour, flushed with pale violet-pink. Lady Mary Filzwilliam, one of Mr. Bennett's seedlings, was shown in fine condition, with large very full ivory flowers flushed with pale pink^very lovely. The prize for the best Rose in the exhibition, however, fell to a white Rose, Souvenir d'Elise Vardon. It was very large and beau- tiful, and we shall not contest the judgment ; only we think the judges laid too much stress upon mere size, but rosarians, and hot-water apparatus-makers are gentlemen Editors have a wholesome fear of, and so we shall be careful in expressing an opinion, though we cannot help thinking that in class 22 the basket of Tea Roses marked No. 2 was better than that to which the judges awarded the first prize ; but, good rosarians, this is really only a matter of opinion ! But as we have said, not even the Roses could dissipate the gloom from the faces of the horticulturists. What could be the matter .' It was not the heat. Growers of stove and green- house plants can stand that. It was the news that the great Provincial Show at Liverpool, from which so much was hoped, had proved a financial failure. We need not point out in the present state of the affairs of the Society how serious a matter this is, nor how great are the disappointment anil sur- prise. When a great catastrophe has hap- pened the British public looks out for some- body to hang. On this occasion they will have a ditificulty in finding anybody to fit the noose. The clerk of the weather was most amiable ; such a sunny sky, not only for one day, but for the whole duration of the show, has rarely, if ever, been experienced. The show, if not quite the most varied, or quite the best, since 1S66, was, at least, quite up to the average ; the exhibitors did their duty in the main ; the Council, instead of keeping aloof, took an active share in the work, and mustered in force on the ground ; the managers, Mr. Barron and Mr. Richardson, with Mr. Ker and the staff, did all that men could do, and a good deal more than most would have done. The Liverpool horticulturists did their part well, and yet we have sorrowfully to chronicle a [dismal failure, and, this in a city swarming with people as densely as London itself — that is, if area be considered. On the five-shilling day, it was said. Wait till the shillings come ; on the half-a-crown days, still the hope was held out — the shillings will make amends ; but the shilling days came, and the sixpenny days came, and they were, if possible, more thinly attended than the others. What could be the reason ? The Press gave good reports, the show was fairly, if not extensively, advertised ; the Mayor die! his best, and yet ! The only causes of failure that we can think of were the elections and the close proximity of the vast and varied " Shipperies " E.xhibition. This absorbed all the shillings and sixpences, and left the Horticultural Society, we fear, with resources not more than sufficient to pay the attendants, and utterly inadequate to defray the other items of the cost. Had some arrange- ment been made earlier in the week, so that one reduced payment should have admited to both exhibitions, the result might have been differ- ent. The result might have been different also if the elections had not been going on at the time, but Liverpool is so vast and is the centre of so vast an outlying population that the elec- tions could have had but little effect. So far as horticulture is concerned the loss is immaterial. The show was a good one, and it the Society could not command success it at least amply deserved it. Instead of finding fault, as some are disposed to do — they always do on such occasions — we think the horticulturists are under a debt of gratitude to the Society for having made a right gallant attempt in the proper direction, and their failure is a matter not only for sincere regret, but for such support and assistance as the horticulturists may be able to give. The matter was gone into with spirit for the benefit of horticulture and horti- culturists, and they should be the last to find fault. We shall probably not hear any more of provincial shows for some time to come. As a set-off against the melancholy failure at Liverpool, it is pleasant to record a genuine success for the Gardeners' Royal Benevolent Institution. Mr. Sherwood, as head of one of the largest seed firms, was the right man in the right place, and we are glad to learn that the largest amount ever collected (^1430), not even excepting occasions when Royalty presided, was got together when one intimately con- nected with gardening and gardeners filled the chair. We hope the precedent now set will be followed in the future, and we hope that the gardeners will on another occasion send their shillings and sixpences, or as much more as they can afford, freely. We had occasion to speak of this in a former issue ; it is satisfac- tory to know that ultimately a considerable number of small donations were received from gardeners. P.IONIA Broteri. — We gladly avail out selves of Mr. Barr's courtesy by publishing an illustration of this species taken for us from a living plant in his collection (fig. 11). The species is about 2 feet in height, wiih crimson, fragrant flowers, and is intermetiiate in general characters between P. corallina and P. officinalis. It was described by Mr. Baker in our columns, July 5, 1884, p. 10, and is now, as we believe, figured for the first time. It is a native of Spain and Portugal. The " Gardener's Benevolent." — Mr. Cutler must really excuse us if we relrain from quoting the full title of the Instiiution he con- tinues to direct with such skill, and with such advantage to the community. We know he will, for has he not communicated to us an inleiesting fact with reference to the Veitch family ? In the spring of 1S43 he was, he tells us, introduced to the late Mr. James Veitch of Exeter, who became a subscriber at that time ; his sod, whom most of us remember at Chelsea, was a firm supporter of the Institution, and at the festival on last Friday, two more generations of the Veitch family were represented in the persons of Mr. Harry Veitch, the present head of the firm, and Messrs. J. H. and Arthur Veitch, the great-grandsons of the original James Veitch. It is permitted to very few Secretaries to be personally acqiinted with four generations of one family, and the fact says a good deal for the family as well as for the Society. "Gardeners' Chronicle" Prizes.— In reply to several enquiries we have to state that the first prize essay will be published as a whole or in part so soon as the woodcut reproductions of the drawings are completed. This necessitates a delay of some weeks. Mr. II. Schmitz.— We learn that Mr. H. Schmitz, formerly Secretary of the Compagnie Con- tinentale of Ghent, has established on his own account a horticultural agency and seed store on a large scale at 20, Rue de Brabant, Ghent. The Liverpool Show.— The prizes which Messrs. James Carter & Co. offered to be com- peted for at the above show on the 29th ult., for their Telephone, Telegraph, Stratagem, and Pride of the Market Peas, fifty pods of each, were not (in conse- quence of the judges having confounded them with those that were staged for the Royal Horticultural Society's prize for three dishes of Peas) awarded until the second day of the show, when the 1st prize was given to Mr. H. W. Ward, Longford Castle, the only exhibitor in this class, and who also, as pre- viously reported, secured the Society's ist prize for three dishes of Peas. Royal Gardens, Kew.— A second edition of the Official Guide to the Museums of Economic Botany has been published, or rather to No. I Museum. The value of such a catalogue depends upon the compiler. The exhibits are there, as we all know, in profusion, and they are admirably arranged, and now the showman has done his part, and pro- vided an excellent systematic catalogue. Royal Horticultural Society : Boiler Contest at Liverpool. — The competition in the three classes began about mid-day on Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday respectively, and each lasted till about 8 o'clock the next morning, being banked up about 8 p.m. the previous night. In the ist class, for boilers capable of heating 2000 feet of 4-inch pipe, the entries being Messrs. F. & J. Mee, of Liverpool, with a 6-feet wrought iron saddle boiler, having water-way bars and back ; Messrs. Foster & Pearson, with their "ChilwellNurseries" boiler, 6 feet long, being an adaptation of the Roch- ford pipe boiler ; and Messrs. Wood & Co., of Bristol, with a tubular saddle boiler. Messrs. Mee came out best. In the 2d class, for boilers capable of heating 1000 feet of 4-inch pipe, the entries were Messrs. Mee, with the same boiler ; Messrs. Foster & Pearson, with their " Beeston " boiler, a wrought- iron sectional boiler, with tubes connecting the sections i Mr. F. Witherspoon, of Durham, with his " Red Rose " cast-iron tubular saddle toiler ; and Mr. Sam. Deard, of Harlow, with his coil boiler on waterway bars, Messrs. Foster & Pearson retired from the contest during the day, and Mr. Deard's boiler showed the best results. In the 3d class, for boilers capable of heating 500 feet of 4-inch pipe, the entries were— Mr. J. G. Wagstaff, with his combined wrought and cast-iron saddle boiler, with waterway bars ; Mr. S. Deard, with a small coil boiler (with- out waterway bars) ; Mr. Wood, with a similar boiler to his 2000 feet one, but smaller ; and Messrs, Foster & Pearson, with their independent wrought- iron " Liverpool " boiler, which they withdrew from competition. Mr. Deard's boiler again came out best. Messrs. Mee and Mr. Deard were awarded Silver Medals, and Messrs. Witherspoon, Wag- staff, and Wood a Bronze Medal each, MiSTLETO IN July. — Well, we have very extraordinary weather this summer, that is certain, The newspapers are so busy that they have failed to record the the extraordinary Gooseberry, though the state of Kensington Gardens has not escaped notice, and the big show at Liverpool was noted, as usual, as the biggest of its kind since 1866. But we — we, the Gardeners' Chronicle — have something more extraordinary to record — something not quite JolV 10, 1886.) THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. 49 to often dished up, and that is the appearance of Mislleto berries at midsummer, or soon after. The branch lies on our table before us with its glistening white berries, and sends us back in memory to that period a few months since, when waggonload after waggonload passed our window to the adjacent market, as they will probably do next December. Its appearance at midsummer baffles calculation. Can it have anything to do with the elections? Our joined the Society, which has been in existence little more than four months, and lectures on various gar- dening subjects have been given. Mr. J. Crook has been appointed librarian, and Mr. J. Hughes has shown great energy in obtaining the special dona- tions to the library fund. The Birmingham Botanical and Horticultural Society has arranged that for an annual subscription of ^5 5^. the Gardeners' Society shall have the privilege of tree admissions on all ordi- collections which might otherwise escape the obser- vation of those most concerned. The plant named at the head of this paragraph was shown at the National Rose Society on Tuesday last, at South Kensington, and the solecism of showing an Irid at a Rose show may be pardoned with the expression of a hope that the authorities will do it again. Their reputation is so well established, that no one will misconstrue their action, but all will gratefully appre- FlG. II,— P.SONIA BROTERI : FLOWERS CRIMSON, FRAGRANT. (SBE P. 48.) specimen comes from Gordon Castle gatden, up In Aberdeenshire. The Birmingham Gardeners' Mutual Improvement Society.— A library in connection with this recently formed Society was opened lately, funds to the amount of ;^6o having been subscribed by gentlemen of Birmingham for this purpose, and 100 volumes of standard gardening works have been already purchased at a cost of /40, and fifty- two other books have been generously presented by other persons. Two hundred members have already naty days and Sundays to all members on presenting their cards of membership, and to free access to the Botanical Society's library for reference, and other privileges. Mr. W. B. Latham, Curator of the Botanic Gardens, is the Chairman of the new Society, and a series of essays and discussions, as well as lectures, are being arranged for the autumn and winter season. Gladiolus Watson ioides. — The Kew authorities are rendering excellent service by exhibiting from time to time specimens from their miignificent ciate the feeling Which induces them to lay their treasures before the horticultural fraternity. The present species is a Gladiolus with a spike of orange- pink curved trumpet-shaped (lowers. The special interest lies in the fact that it was raised from seed collected on KiUimanjaro, the snow-capped mountain of South Tropical Africa, at a height of 10,300 feet, by Mr. H. H. Johnston, and sown in January, 1885. Mr. O'Brien at once recognised the plant as Gladi- olus Watsonius of the Botanical Magazine, t. 450, and t. 569. This latter name is not taken up in Mr. Baker's Systema Iridacearum, at least, we have not so THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. [JOLY 10, l8 discovered it. In any case, the discovery of the plant on the il^pes of Kilimanjaro is a fact of great significance and high interest, Banana Culture in Costa Rica. — The British consul, writing on the agriculture of San JoEc, Costa Rica, says the cultivation of IJLinanas on the Atlantic slope is increasing steadily, owing to the success which has attended those who have taken up lands alonside the railway for that purpose. Many who bought land on credit at {^\ per acre have been enabled, in less than four years, to pay off not only the principal and all working expenses of clearing and cultivating the land, but tj be in possession of a farm of some 250 to 500 acres of Banana plants, grazing-grour.d, and woodlands, bringing in an in- come of ^6o to ;^So per month, The Royal Oxfordshirk Horticul- tural Society's Show. — There were six entries for the prizes offered by Messrs. Webh & Sons, of Wordsley, Stourbridge, and the compelion was keen, all vegetables being of first-class quality, and in addi- tion to these their customers were fortunate in taking thirfy-two 1st and 2d prizes in the open classes. Arracacca.— From a letter addressed to the London Secretary of Slate for India by the Director of the Royal Gardens, Kew, and published in the Proceedings ol the Agricultural and Horticul- tural Society of India, it seems that the Arracachi (.\rracacca esculenta) is now fairly established in India. Mr. Morris, lately of Jamaica, considers it "a most valuable food-plant," becoming more palat- able and desirable the longer it is used, and states as his opinion that " if the natives of India take to it as an article of food, he could conceive nothing more likely to flourish in the hill districts, and to afljrd with little labour the means of sustaining life under adverse circumstances." Regarding the distribution of the plant from Kew, Mr. Dyer says: — "A supply of tubers received at Kew from Jamaica was sent in 18S3 to Saharunpur, Ootacamund, and Cey- lon, and in 18S4 to Calcutta for Darjeeling. Mr. Lawson, Director of Government Cmchona Planta- tions, Parks and Gardens, Niigiris, reported in 1SS4 that plants had been raised from tubers sent from Kew. The result of the other two botanical esta- blishments has not reached us. From Ceylon Dr. Trimbn has recently reported that he has raised the Arracacha from seed obtained direct from Jamaica. He appears to have obtained the tubers without difficulty and in abundance. As a matter of taste, he has a less favourable opinion of them than Mr, Morris ; but the important point is, that the intro- duction of the esculent into India is accomplished, and that its further diffusion need present no diffi- culty." Brick Tea. — Reporting on the trade of Foochow for 1885 the British consul says the manu- facture of brick-tea of varieties of tea-dust by Russian merchants only, for export to Siberia, is acquiring considerable importance. The low cost of the dust, the cheapness of manufacture, the low export duties upon it, together with the low import duties in Russia, combine to make this trade a success and a profitable business. " The most expensive part of the business is the freight on the bricks by sea to Tien- tsin, and the carriage on camel-back to Kiachta. The Russian merchants export Tea-leaf, but in small quantities, for Russia proper, their chief business being the making of brick-tea, their commissions on orders from Russia being large, and no loss is in- curred. The brick is so beautifully made, and is so portable, that it has surprised me that the British Government does not get its supplies from this port ; they would find it less expensive and wholesomer than what is now given the army and the navy. I think a trial should be made, or that a Government agent should be employed on the spot to manufacture the brick-lea in the same way that the Russians here and at Hankow do," Cvpripediu.m Godefroy/E and its Al- lies.—Widely distinct as the types C. concolor and C. niveum may seem to be, the differences are all bridged over by C. Godefrt.yce and its forms. The two former are figured in the Cankiicfs' Chronide, vol. xix., n.s., p. 19, fig. 3, where the leading and characteristic differences are pointed out. All have flowered from time to time at Kew, but at present a whole series of forms is flowering together, affording an excellent opportunity for comparison. The lead- ing points of C. concolor are the narrow petals, the elongated laterally compressed labellum, the rhom- boid-triangular staminode, or columnar shield, with its upper edge pubescent, the pale yellow ground colour dotted with purple, and the leaves spotted or blotched with grey above, and closely moti led with purple underneath. C. niveum differs from the above in the broader petals, shorter more inflated labellum, the shorter subreniform staminode, with a tooth in the notch, the white ground colour of the flowers, and in the undersurface of the leaves being generally of a uniform dark, almost black, colour. This cha- racter of the leaves, however, is not altogether con- stant in C. niveum, which has its foliage sometimes uniformly green above. C. Gode^royx is distinguished by its broad sepals and petals, short sub-inflated labellum, roundish tridentate, often almost orbicular, staminode without the pubescence on its upper edge, and the white ground colour of the flowers more or less heavily spotted, almost blotched, with purple, A form of this, also flowering, has the narrow later- ally compressed labellum, and the pale yellow ground colour of C. concolor, but otherwise conforms to C. GodefroyjE. All these forms are, botanically, varieties of one variable species, although for horticultural purposes they may be treated as distinct. Ornithocephalue grandiflorus.— Of the twenty known species of this genus the subject of this note is by far the largest, most handsome and deserving of the attention of Orchid growers. The other members of the genus, though diminutive and inconspicuous, are interesting on account of the un- wonted and extraordinary elongation of the rostellum and pedicels of the poUinia. This is noticeable to some extent in PhalKnopsis Lowii, which, however, does not approach anything resembling the develop- ment of those organs in the large-flowered Ornitho- cephalus. The flowers themselves are produced in long drooping racemes, exhibiting a peculiar mixture of the purest white and deep green. The sepals and petals are white with a distinct green blotch above the base excepting the upper sepal, which is concave add without the blotch. The labellum is white with large-toothed deep green crest, which serves greatly to give character to the flower. A coloured plate given in the Belsiquc Hortieok for 1S84, p. S<}, gives an excellent idea of the natural habit, size and appear- ance of a plant in full flower but the artist has painted the flowers with a decided tinge of yellow which does not correspond to that of a flowering specimen in the cool Orchid-honse at Kew. Lindley first described this species in 1840 from a dried specimen from the Organ Mountains of Biazil— and the good qualities of living flowering plants excels all that he said regard- ing them. This species was shortly described or noticed in \}aiGarJcners" Chronicle by Reichenisach, August 5, 1S82, but excepting this no notice seems to have been taken of the genus in gardening periodicals although several of the small-flowering species have flowered in this country from lime to liaie, chiefly in gardens of the curious or of specialists. Maurandya Barclayana. — The genus, as now constituted, contains only about six species, even after Urospermum and Usteria have been merged in it. They, are confined to Mexico and are therefore not suffi:iently hardy to withstand our winters out-of- doors, although they may and are cultivated suc- cessfully in sheltered places in summer. The species mentioned above is probably the best known and oftenest cultivated in this'country, and forms a fine subject for trellis work, supporting itself by twining or twisting petioles. The cordate and hastate slightly lobed leaves are beautifully enlivened by the long tubular flowers that vary considerably in colour. A figure in the Bolanical Regisler, t. iioS, erroneously spelt Maurandia Barclaiana, exhibits flowers with a whitish tube and a deep violet lamina. Two varieties of the plant grown at Pendell Court have more or less overlapped one another in growth, so that the foliage is enlivened by purple fljwers with a whitish tube and pure white ones. Although both must be considered as old introductions they have not enjoyed that popularity and dissemination in British gardens which their own intrinsic merit deserves. They are readily raised from seeds and might often be utilised for the same purpose as Thunbergia alata, or both might be grown in combination. At Pendell Court they enjoy the protection of a cool-house, where Himalayan Rhododendrons are grown planted out in a peat bed, margined by the profusely flowering Streptocarpus Rexii floribundus, in many shades, from pure white to varieties heavily striped with violit. Awards made at the Liverpool Show. — Gold medals have been awarded to Mr. B. S. Williams, Upper Holloway, and Msssrs. J imes Veitch & Sons, London, for groups of miscellaneous plants ; and Messrs. James Backhouse & Sons, York, for filmy ferns and herbaceous plants. Silver Gilt Medals have been given to Messrs. W. Cutbubh & Sons, Highgate, for group of miscellaneous plants; Messrs. F. & A. Dickson & Sons, Chester, for stove and greenhouse plants ; Messrs. F. Sander & Co., St. Alban's, for a group of orchids ; and Messrs. R. Smith, the Nurseries, Worcester, for a group of Clematis; Silver Medals to Messrs. Carter & Co., High Holborn, for a collection of annuals, and Mr, Charles Turner, Slough, for a group ol tree Car- nations ; and Bronze Medals to Mr. Edward Bridge, Huyton, for Pelargoniums, and Messrs. James Dick- son & Sons, Chester, for a collection of succulents ; to Messrs. Sutton & Sons, Reading, for grasses, living specimens of vegetables and roots, seeds, and models of garden products, &c. This award was erroneously attached to a notice of Messrs. Cheal & Sons' cordon- trained fruit-tree exhibit in our report of the show last week. Proposed Rose Show in Edinburgh. — The horlicuhural com-nittee of the luternational Exhibition, Edinburgh, has announced its intention of giving space in the hall of the exhibition budiings for a display of Roses from the 20'.h to the 24ih inst. Most of the principal trade growers in the country have given assurances of their co-operation with the • committee in the matter. It is expected that there will be an extensive disphy. Although Roses only have been specially solicited, space will be given for any other exhibits that may be sent in. It is also the intention of the committee to offer /ac lilies for exhibits of other classes of cut flowers subsequently at different times during the season. Arrangements are also being made for a comparative trial of liwn- mowers at the time of the forthcoming Rose Show should the weather intervening prove favourati; ; at present, however, the prevailing drought and heat give little promise of a sufficient growth of grass to laiily test the various machines exhibited. The Golden Elder. — This shrub does well in town gardens, and in cases where it fails to develope the golden tint of its foliage it is recom- mended to be cut back severely so as to induce the formation of young vigorous shoots of the desired coloration. This plan does not, however, always succeed, but even as a green variety it is a very desirable plant in smoky situations. It differs from the common Elder, cot only in colour, but also slightly in the size and shape of the leaflets, and espe- cially in the convex, not flat, flower-cymes, the larger individual flowers, their greater substance, &c. T.HE Odour of Rubus deliciosus.— To one accustomed to the odour emitted by this showy Bramble the question would naturally arise whether it derives its specific name from that circumstance. ToRREY, however, in the Annah of the Lyceum of Natural Hislory, Ncm York, describes the Bramble as having purple flowers succeeded by a delicious fruit. It seems that all ihe plants cuUivated in this country have white flowers, and, although it flowers abundantly at Kew both 00 a wall and in the open ground it never matures_any fruit nor even seems to set any. The peculiar odour of which it is possessed continues to be given off for a considerable period of time, evidently while young wood and leaves are developed, whether in the presence of blossom or not. Probably, however, the odour emitted is most power- ful when the young foliage and flower-buds are bursting forth, especially when the air is still, and at any period of the day provided the atmosphere is moist. .Moisture is not essentially necessary, but it seems to intensify the volume ol the volatile odori- ferous matter. There can be little doubt that this material is excreted by the reddish glands, with which the young shoots, leaves, and calyx are heavily beset while growth is advancing. The Botanical Magazine in describing the plant figured t. 6062, says, this species is without glands, bristles, or prickles, and the statement is repeated in Flore lies July 10, iS86.] THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. 51 Serres^ 2404, which quotes from the former work. The description had evidently been made from old or fully-developed specimens from which the glands had disappeared. The odour at times is distinctly dis- cernible several yards distant pervading the atmosphere, and when the plant is out of flower, any one unac- quainted with it would have difficuliy in detecting from whence the smell proceeded, especially if grown in the vicinity of other plants. The odour is distioc'ly that of bleaching linen, and it has been def^cribed as that of soap-suds, which would practically amount to much the same thing. It is by no means over-powerful or disagreeable, and although it does not appear to have derived its specific name from the odour emitted by the excreting glands, yet there is no denying that such migh^ hive been the case, seeing that the olfactory nerves in different people are acted upon differently by the same odour. An excellent representation is given of the species in the Gar- deners* Chronicle^ iSSi, xv., 537, fig. lOl. The New Comhination Stake and Clip. — The Plaskynaston Tube Company have sent us an iron stake that is at once simple, efficient, and durable ; and it does away with the necessity of tying with string or grass. The stake consists of an iron tube, sharpened at one end, for driving int3 the ground ; at the other end it is cut off square, and a slot ^-inch deep is cut out on one side, into which the clip is slipped. It is ingenious, and will find buyers amongst those growersof Roses, Raspberries, and trees, who want a neat and durable stake, and who do not oHject to the cost, which is not much in excess of woiked wooden stakes. Peat. — There is often found such a great difticulty in towns, and indeed in many counlry places, in obtaining the various kinds of peat suit- able for Orchids, hard wood plants, and Ferns, that we are glad to have received for inspection peat samples from Mr. II. G. Smitii, of 21, Goldsmith S reet, Drury Line, which appear likely to fulfil all the requirements of gardeners. Streptosoien Jamesoni.— This is one of those plants concerning which botanists have differed not only as to the proper genus in which to place it, but also as to the natural order. At all events, the Browallias, the nearest allies of this plant, were for- merly classified amongst the Scrophularinece, like m:\ny other irregular flowered SoIanace?e. Moreover, the the shrubby habit of this, the only species, would stand in the same relation to that of the Browallias as Diplacus does to Mimulus, and the twisted corolla lube recalls that of Lycop;is, as contraited with Anchusa proper. There is a figure of the plant in the Bdanical Magazine, t. 4605. under the nime of Browallia, and a more recent one in the Gardeners^ Chronicle^ vol. xxi., n.s., p. 797, fig. 147. A flower- ing specimen in the Heath-huuse at Kew shows a bubhy, branching shrub, wiih comparatively large deep orange flowers, handsome enough to merit a more extended culiivalion. The leaves are small, and the plant, although stated to attain a height of 4 feet, will flower freely in a much smaller state, as that in the Healh-house does not exceed 15 or iS inches. Although introduced in 1S50, the plant has been recently reintroduced, after being lost to culti- vation for a great many years. Royal Visit to Aldershot. — Mr. J. Clakke, curseryman of Farnham, had the honour to supply the whole of the plants and table decorations for the luncheon on the occasion of the royal visit-to Aldershot, July 2. PunLiCATiONS Received. —Cij/./c-w Feather London : Society for the Promotion cf Christian Knowledge, 3. Northumberland Avenue, Charing Cross.— AV^j on Flora of Flat Island. By J. IIORNK (Mauritius). — Weeds mentioned in the Wisconsin iVeed Law of 1884 5, and several Oilier Weeds. By A. B.Seymour. — Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Part I. (Philadel- phia : Academy of Natural Sciences, Logan Square). — Caracterisliqiies dc la tige dcs Poroxylons {Gymno* spenncs Fos sites (leTepoqite Houillcre). By Messr?. C. E Bertrand and B. Renault. — Annual Refoi i of the Smithsonian Institution for the Year 1S84. (Wash- ington : Government Printing Office.) Gardening Appointments.— Mr. Walter Tedder, of the Frame Ground, Kensington Palace Gardens, has been appointed Gardener to \V. Johnson, Esq., Tbe Birches, Mitcham, — Mr. Rohert Ellis, late Foreman to the Earl of Lovelace, East Ilorsley Towers, has been appointed Head Gardener to Sir Edward Moon, Bait,, Fetchara Rectory, Surrey. jHoME fJor^FjEgPONDENCJE. Strawberry Plants for Forcing.— The time is fast approaching when we shall be very busy pre- paring our Strawberry plants for next year's forcing. We force here several thousand plants annually, and I wish to mention a plan which I have adopted for several years with good results. A few weeks before the runners are ready to handle we collect some good fibrous loamy turf, place it i.i heat, and then cover it with sufficient hilf-rotteii f.^rmyard manure packed tightly together lo set up a sli;;ht fermentation through the whole heap, with the oliject of destroying insects and seeds of weeds contained in the turf; this will also render the soil in better condition fur the runners to root into. As soon as the runners are ready we cut the turf into pieces a few inches square, and carry it in boxes to the Straw- berry beds, and upon it peg the runners tightly, finally sprinkling over with short lawn-grass. Great care should then be taken to see that the plants are thoroughly watered. In a very short time rooting will take place, and the turves must then be removed before the plants root through into the soil beneath, and be potted at once into 4S's or 32's, as may be desired. We pot our earliest into 4S's, and the rest ioto 32's, using good fibroua loam and rotten stable-manure. This plan appears to have several advantages over the system of pegging the runners at first into small pots, in that it is more economical as regards labour. The turves do not dry so readily as pots, being on the ground and sheltered by the parent plants, and hy the thort grass which is sprinkled over them. This is a great point, because hot and drying influences may naturally be expected during the month of July, and plants in pots often suffer very much at that time from these causes. The plant has the advantage of being less expensive than pot layering. As our potting loam is deficient in calcareous matter we top-dress the pot with lime during the month of September. Before tbe winter sets in all the plants are top-dressed with a mixture of loam and manure from the fowl-house, and those which are required for earliest forcing are removed for shelter from the weather under the protection of a glass covering, the remainder are packed in leaves in an open exposed position on a quarter in the kitchen garden, and brought in as required. The sorts we use for the earliest forcing are Black Prince (small but good and very early), followed by Vicomtes^e Heri- cart de Thury, Sir Joseph Paxton, Keens' Seedling, and President. Alfred Gant^ The Gardens, Porters^ She nicy. Observations on Devonshire Gardens. — The most striking object in the garden at present is the Buddleia globosa, planted at the back of the shrubbery, with Escallonia macrantha in front of it. The rich orange balls of the Bjddleii, set off by the glossy green foliage and deep red (lowers of the Escallonia, form a beautiful combination. Escallonia Ingram! mixed with Pittosporum Mayii forms another fine ombina- tion. Choisya lernata is peifectly hardy here, and has passed through the late severe winter, in an open border, with the thermometer more than once as low as 20° Fahr., without the slightest injury. It has bloomed sparingly this year, but has made very vigorous growth, and is one of the prettiest evergreen shrubs in the garden. The herbaceous borders are now in their prime, with a gorgeous display of Peonies of all shades, from pure white to dazzling crimson ; oriental Poppies, Delphiniums, and last, not least, doub'e Pyrethrums. The latter are of great value both for profusion of flowers and for keeping a long lime when cut. Carduus heterophyilus might be added to the list, wi;h its abundance of hright purple flowers, but it spreads rapidly, and requires to be kept within bounds. G. H. White, St. Mary Church, Devon. Imantophyllum or Hymantophyllum ? — As lh2 H was dropped in accordance with a law of Niture, why endeavour to revive an unnecessary and useless limb ? Throughout Nature we find that parts which have ceased to be of any use are dropped by degrees, until their former existence can only be made known by dissection. All the languages derived from the Arabic and Sanskrit appear to be much simpler than their parents, so are those derived from the Latin. The multiplication of new words in the arts and sciences calls for urgent simplification of terms, and not a reversion to parents, which are more difficult to pronounce and to write. Imantophyllum lost its H by disuse. Hindostan and Hindoo have their H's aspirated, but no one ever attempts to write or pronounce Indo-European or Indo-Chinese with an H. Although the dropping of all unpronounced letters in a printed book, would give the brain a shock, as in many instances it would not catch their meaning as readily and quickly as it could read, there are signs of a desire, originating in a need, of dropping a useless letter in many words, which occur in American pub- lications. I well remember tbe tioae when "favor" and " labor " and others were written with a u ; now, probably, many would consider it a nuisance to have lo reintroduce it. Similarly, there are many words of old English, which would startle us by reappearing to-day in their old garb. There is another point upon which botanists might help to ease the brainwork. When I was at the Hagkala Garden in Ceylon I saw the Mountain Papaw. I asked for some of its seeds. The superintendent of the garden being a practical man, on the seed packet wrote, if 1 remember rightly, something like Carica kundrimarensis [cundinamarcensis, from the town of Cundinamarca]. Dr. Trimen, before handing me the packer, saw it was not correctly spelt, and began to rewrite it, but had to stop in the middle of the specific desig- nation for a few seconds to remember the right way of writing this six-syllabled word. Whenever I have to write this word I am never sure that I have hit it off, and only hope, as in this instance, that it may be all right. When I have had to pronounce this brain fatiguing word I have had to whisper it to myself first, and count with my fingers whether I had hit ofi the right number of syllables. In this case more especially there was no excuse for the invention of so terrible a specific name. Who is there that knows or perhaps cares where this unpronounceatile place is? It might be in Central Africa, in Siberia, or in Patagonia : few would care to inquire. But to the person who had to pronounce and write it, it would be a relief to have to speak and write a less fatiguing word. As this is called Mountain Papaw, Canca montana would not only have been more appropriate, but would have indicated that it is a species 01 variety peculiar to mountain climates, and probably, as I have found, will not live in the plains ; while the oiher term is simply a puzzle. There is a fine and troublesome word which has lately appeared in print, in connection with Greek troubles. If the Greek Minister in question should ever discover a new plant in the home of this Papaw, he might like to name it Papamichaelo-paulosia kundinamarcensis. All derivations of words to the student of verbal evolution are very interesting, but they might be left to antiquarians and dictionaries of derivaiions. To remodel words which have been simplified by a natural process of elimination is of doubif^ul advantage to any nineteelh century brain, filled, as it is, like the *'piu non posso " abdomen of the queen of the termites. E. Bonavla, M.D., May 29, Pansies as Exhibition Flowers. — Such a large number of these, and also of Violas, were shown at the great Whilsun exhit-ition at Old Trafford, that there seems something like a revival of the Pansy as a show flower. At Manchester both Pansies and Violas m pots are "made up" specimens; the schedule of prizes requires they should be shown in pots 8 inches in diameter, and in order to have exhibition specimens of this kind made-up plants are necessary. The method adopted appears to be to take six or eight nice young plants raised from autumn struck cuttings that are showing flower; these are put into pots previous to the show, and brought on nicely into bloom, the result being — when they are well managed — that the plants have filled out their foliage, and look like one specimen, even in height, the heads of flowers erect and well above the foliage, and facing one way. The average is 9 or 10 to 15 or 16 blooms, and fine blooms, too ; and when three or four collections of twenty pots each are shown, and all in good condition, the effect presented by the mass of bloom is very fine. A few nice little Ferns or table plants between the collections is wanted to make a dividing line, and break up the uniformity other- wise presented. Mr. Findlay finds it necessary to state in his schedule that the plants must be rooted, merely blooming shoots without roots having been employed in previous years. As a matter of course, plants of one variety only are placed in a pot, and so there is none of that unevenness wit- nessed in the case of the Pansy as one may see in some of the made-up Orchids — several varieties of Odon- toglossura A!exandr?e of various sizes and different markings, and Caltleya Mossice made up of forms differing widely in the character and colouring of the lip. It may be stated, in regard to these made-up Pansies, that a good deal depends upon how the work is executed. Some are so well done as to look like a large single plant with many shoots pegged out in a shapely and perfect manner. One thing Mr. Findlay should do— he has two classes for twenty pots of Pan- sies ; one class simply states Pansies, the other fancy Pansies. At the recent show at Manchester one exhibitor put up only show Pansies, so called — yellow grounds, cream and white grounds, and selfs ; but all the others had a considerable admixture of fancy and bedding Pansies. Mr. Findlay should require show Pansies only in the former class. The Rev Mr, D'OiTibrain assisted me to make the awards in these classes; and we held the opinion that as there was a class for fancy Pansies, the obvious in- tention of the framer of the schedule was, that the former class should be show Pansies only. In 52 THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. fJULV 10, 1886. point of size of bloom, as also of richness of colouring, it is impossible that the show Pansies can compete with the fancy varieties, but they require greater skill to have them in good character. I trust that Mr. Findiay will adopt this suggestion, or the danger is that the show Pansy will be quite crowded out by the fancy varieties. I have before me the schedule of prizes of the Norton Pansy Club, the exhibition of which look place on June 19. It is an entirely new organisation, and the schedule contains sixty-five classes. If the competition was as keen as at Man- chester, the judges must have had a busy time of it. One regulation is worthy of notice — it sets forth that " any stand of Pansies containing show blooms under 14 inch in diameter, or fancy ^blooms under \\ inch in diameter, will be disqualified." This is done to ensure the presence of good-sized flowers, but one can understand what an onerous duty would be put upon the judges if they had to measure many blooms apparently undersized. The beautiful fancy Pansies are now to be seen in almost every garden ; but the show varieties have their claims upon growers also, and it is to be hoped they will not be suffered to fall away from cultivation through neglect. K. D. Strawberry The Captain. — When we get any fruit or vegetable that is extra early or late it is a great acquisition to our list of good things. A few years ago we had an extra late and extra good Strawberry in Loxford Hall, now we have got two extra early in King of the Earlies and The Captain. I gathered the first of the former in the open ground on June 15, and the first of the latter on June 19, the quality and appearance of both of them being all that need be desired. The Captain is of an immense size. In my first batch of forced plants the King was not very satisfactory, in the second batch they were good in size and flavour, but the crop was not very good. I shall certainly give both kinds another trial as an early forcer, for being a week in advance of any other they are great acqui- sitions for very early forcing. D, IValker. Abies Pindrow. — It may not be generally known that two distinct kinds of leaves occur on the above tree — 1st, those, generally on young trees, which are thickly and regularly disposed on the branches, one inch long on the underside, by half that on the upper : some bifid, and with two rather indistinct silvery lines beneath ; 2d, those in adult trees, where the leaves are 2 inches to 2\ inches long, usually bifid, and arranged in two rows horizontally. No. i, to which Sir Joseph Hooker refers, was that figured in the Gardeners' Chronicle, but I have sent to the Editor branches from the very tree that the cones figured were taken, in which both kinds of foliage are dis- tinctly revealed. The true Pindrow is here perfectly distinct at all stages of development from A. Web- biana. A. D, Webster, I send inclosed a branch of a handsome speci- men of this variety that we have growing in the pinetum here, and which I think you will agree with me is quite in accord with Sir J. Hooker's description of it in your last week's issue, and which I believe to be cor- rectly named. There are a good many trees planted here, indifferent positions, but this is the only one that has made a good specimen. This is planted on high ground, and it is also very much protected by other trees, and so escapes the spring frosts. It is from 30 to 40 feet high, and well furnished with branches to the ground ; the others of this variety are contin- ually losing their leaders, and so have a stunted appeance. I also send a specimen of Abies Webbiana as grown here. Edward Ward, Hcwell Gardens, Bromsgrove. [The specimen sent is from a sterile branch ; the one figured was from a fertile branch, as mentioned in Mr. Webster's letter. Ed.]. Names of Fruits.— It must be puzzling to many who receive the catalogues of nurserymen, and other lists of fruits, to observe how varied the descriptions and names of the fruits are. It is not of minor im- portance to purchase fruit trees and wait patiently perhaps for several seasons, and then to find the fruits quite different to what one desired or expected. It is, to say the least of it, tantalising. In the case of synonyms it seems difficult to conceive how some critics class fruits, and arrange their identity. It would appear to me, that they must not have seen the kind in its true character, or probably, they have not met with it at all. For example, take Ham- burgh Grapes : they are changed in the descriptive lists very materially from what one was accustomed to observe in years gone by. I have old catalogues before me which I am inclined to trust, because I know the fruits were proved on the vendor's premises. Black Hamburgh and Ftankenthal are described in one list as the same kind, in another description they are said to be quite distinct ; Victoria Hamburgh is described as Dutch Hamburgh, while we read else- where as to the complete distinction of these kinds. The Victoria is represented as a superior sort, while the Dutch is described as coarse and third-rate. What I have (from my earliest recollections) supposed to be Victoria Hamburgh, is one of the coarsest and least palatable Grapes I know, and I have seen it awarded Ist prizes when the fruit was quite unfit for the most plebeian dessert. I have always known the old Black Hamburgh, Esperione and Cham- pion Hamburgh as being first-rate kinds and distinct in foliage, form of berry and flavour ; but Hamburgh's, under certain conditions, change their character very much. I have seen Esperione smooth and round one season, and quite hammered, like Victorias, the next (in the same vinery and on the same Vines, too). Some preparations of liquid-manure are said to have a strong tendency to cause the hammered-looking surface, Abercairney Seedling I noticed is confounded with West's St. Peter's. The samples which I had from Mr. Brown, the successful gardener at Abercairney, were more unlike the true West's St. Peter's than any other black Grape with which I am acquainted. 'The berries of this Perth- shire-raised Grape are more like Black Alicante than any kind I know of. Some fruit of this kind, which I had from another source, having been received from Abercairney many years ago, probably during the time the late excellent gardener, Mr. Arnott (the raiser), had charge of Abercairney Gardens, and seemed much like the fruit I received from Mr. Brown two years ago ; flavour, perhaps, less sugary. The names and descriptions of Muscats are perplexing in some catalogues. We know three kinds of Muscats as being quite distinct : — Muscat of Alexandria, Canon Hall, and Bowood, I notice one authority describing the Canon Hall as having "belter set bunches." I would go a long distance to see better set bunches of this kind — as it is rarely met with more than half set — but sometimes seen in prime condition, and is really a sight worthy of record. Bowood Muscat, I notice, is described as being the same kind as Muscat of Alexandria. Our experi- ence is, that it sets as freely as a Hamburgh. The berries are larger, earlier, and of deeper colour than the Muscat of Alexandria. I thought when I first saw this kind o( Bowood (I was then an under- ling in that part of Wilts) that it was a most valuable acquisition, and I think so still. It is seldom that it can be purchased true, but when it is obtained, and the bunches and berries in good condition, will be found to resemble very strongly the plate issued in the Pomologist many years ago. I have had it in my charge in several vineries, but more than once tried to buy it, and received Muscat of Alexadria instead. It is properly described in a catalogue of Mr. Rivers' dated 1877. I once had the strongest reasons to value its free setting qualities and other good charac- teristics. At Impney Park, Worcestershire (a place where I was entrusted to form a new park, gardens, &c., under the supervision of Mr. M'Cormack), the Vines were ordered before my arrival on the ground, and I was pleased to find in a choice selection Bowood Muscat, and it proved to be the kind which I had longed in vain for years to see. The canes were planted, but shortly afterwards I was instructed to fruit the young and newly planted Vines to give a supply the first year, and the Vines intended to be the permanent stock were made *' supernumeraries," and went through a severe ordeal, the Bowood Muscat standing the severe treatment among the best. In 1881 a notice of these gardens, Grapes and their excellence, was given in the Gardeners' Chronicle, October I, p. 427, and the Bowood Muscat was then conspicuous and noticeable to the most casual ob- server, the large yellow berries being very prominent alongside of fine Muscats of Alexandria. The descriptions given by vendors of fruits in their listsjare far from being reliable, and many are at variance with each other in their opinion. M. Temple, Carron House, A Novel Plant House.— Mr. J. Goddard, of Fulham, the inventor of the useful patent adjustable " clip," designed to hold together two or more pieces of glass, slates, or other suitable material to form a protection from sun, wind, &c., and therefore very useful in the striking of cuttings and a thousand other ways amongst lights and so on, has designed what may not be inappropriately termed a novel and useful plant house, inasmuch as it will meet the wants of a large class. There are thousands of houses with low garden walls from 4 feet to 5 feet high, the occupiers of which would like to have the means of growing or preserving flowers or plants without going to the ex- pense of raising the wall, and who object to plant frames. The house in question is specially adapted for such garden walls. It is made from 4 feet to 6 feet high, about 5 feet wide, and a little over 2 feet from front to back ; the roof is made to take off, so that it can be used as a hand-light in the garden or on a frame. The glass is very readily removed or re- placed being held in position by the "clips." No door is required, as any square of glass in the front or ends can be taken out to get at the contents of the house, and replaced again in one minute, as it is held by a screw knob and a clip. If the house is sent a distance, the packing case is made to be utilised as a frame for the roof of the house, so that the packing- case in this instance does not meet with the fate in store for packing-cases generally, which are stowed away, and become eyesores and nuisances. B, Araucarias Coning. — Many of your readers will doubtless remember a fine Araucaria on my lawn. It is now about 45 feet high, and is probably one of the most perfect specimens in the kingdom. Last year, for the first time, it bore a profusion of male cones on the upper branches, and this year it has borne a further quantity, but only on the south side, and in bunches of two, three, and four on the upper terminal boughs. On the morning of the 4th ult. a singular circumstance occurred which is worth report ing. My attention was called to "smoke" issuing from the cones. Upon looking up I saw the cones were discharging pollen in a regular systematic manner, and so profuse as to resemble a good puff of smoke from a cigar or pipe. The display continued nearly the whole day at intervals of about a minute, and was watched with considerable interest by a suc- cession of visitors. The weather was warm and bright, with little or no wind, and so was the next day, but no further display took place. After each puff of pollen it disappeared like smoke, and was doubtless wafted to immense distances. The cones before discharging the pollen appeared of an incon- spicuous green colour, and after a very conspicuous brown. I enclose a sample for your inspection, and please note their curious formation. The four formed one bunch. W. H, Rogers, Southampton, Astrantia maxima.— So far as my knowledge goes this appears to be a very rare plant in our gar- dens, and I am not aware of any nurseryman's cata- logue of hardy plants in which it occurs for sale. The Astrantias seem to be altogether overlooked, or passed over as worthless, but I consider them both beautiful and interesting plants, if a suitable situation can be found for them in a shady place or in a wood- land walk. The ordinary Astrantia major has green flowers, and is not a striking plant, but A. maxima has pinkish flowers and a deep purple centre, and is certainly a beautiful plant either for the border or the wild garden. I send herewith flowers of both these varieties for your opinion [we concur]. My stock of each of them came originally from the wreck of the Longford Bridge Garden, where a grand collection of hardy plants was got together by the late Edward Leeds. Astrantia maxima is figured in the Botanical Magazine, No. 1553, in the year 1813. It appears to have been named A, maxima, by Pallas, in 1790, and was grown by the Loddiges from seeds sent from the Caucasus. It occurs in Aiton's Hortus Kewensis as A. helleborifolia, a name which had be engiven to it by Salisbury, in his Paradisus Londinensis ; but the proper name is A. maxima, the English name the Hellebore-leaved Astrantia. All collectors of hardy plants should endeavour to obtain this plant, as its rosy coloured flowers are very pretty, and it is most useful for floral decoration, the tall sprays lasting many days in water. Wm, Brockbank, Brockhurst, Didsbury. Double Chinese Pseonies. — The wonderful beauty of both colour and form to be found in this group of late flowering Pseonies may make a few notes of use as to some of the many kinds worth growing. Mr. Walker of Whitton, has made a care- ful selection of them, both from home and foreign collections. He finds the confusion amongst their names equals that amongst Narcissi. If some "central authority," such as the Narcissus Committee, would take them in hand, it would save many a disappoint- ment to the growers of these fine flowers. At first sight, the large piece of ground devoted to them at Whitton looks like a garden of Roses, from white to deepest crimson in colour ; but without vicing with the Queen of Flowers, these Peonies have a singular beauty of their own, not less striking in the half-open smaller blossoms and globular buds than in the soft masses of varied colour to be seen in the large full- blown flower. The following kinds are named from Mr. Walker's collection. Perhaps the loveliest of all is a semi-double, blush while with a centre of golden stamens, called P. anemoneflora (but quite distinct from an early P^eony also called anemoneflora) ; Duchesse de Nemours, white shading into a canary centre ; Caroline Allain, pale pink shading into pale yellow ; Modeste, blush with pale yellow centre ; Viscomtesse de Ballaret, pink shading to cream ; Princess Galitzin, Marie Jacquin, blush ; Princess Nicholas Ribex, pink, outer petals with yellowish- white small petals round the centre, which is pink ; and Canary, creamy-white shading to sulphur ; Pro- fessor Morren, shaded pink ; Alice de Julvecourt and Pulcherrima, resembling the Rose .Souvenir de la Malmaison in colour ; Auguste Mielley, pale pink ; and Maxima, white with a small patch of red in the centre (a beautiful flower) ; P. Whitleyi fl.-pl., large globular white with pale pink outer petals ; Louis Parmentier, nearly white, a very late kind ; Marie Lemoine, a very good white, also late flowering ; and amongst darker shades, Duchesse de Theba and JULV 10, 1886.] THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. 53 Auguste d'Hour, dark crimson ; Zoe, bright rose, full and globular in form ; and Madame Munier, deep rose. Any or all these Pseonies would be a valuable addition to the beauty of every garden in which they are not already grown, C. M. Owen. Pentstemons. — In discussing the origin of the florist's section of the genus Pentslemon, your usually well-informed correspondent, J. Douglas, seems for once to have gone very wide of the mark (see vol. xxv. , p. 754). I imagined that every horticulturist of note was well aware that the bedding Pentstemons of the pre- sent day are lineal descendants of the P. Hartwegii, Benth., introduced some forty years since, and well represented at t. 3661, vol. Ixv. of the Botanical Magazine, under the erroneous name of P. gen- tianoides. The true species of the latter name having been subsequently introduced, the former was re- christened by the name it now bears. Possibly these two species, to neither of which Mr. Douglas alludes, may jointly have originated the present race of Pentstemons, employed with such good effect as bedding and border plants ; but it is quite as probable that they are the progeny of the P. Hart- wegii alone, as a comparison of any variety with the coloured illustration above referred to will show no greater departure from the type than can easily be accounted for by forty years of cultivation and selection. That either P. speciosus, or any of the other forms of P, glaber, have had any share in the production of the plants under discussion there is not a tittle of evidence that I am aware of, and those who are best acquainted with these species will doubtless agree with me that it is very improbable. At the same time I am far from refusing to believe in the possibility of obtaining a hybrid of the P. Hartwegii with one or other of the glaber section, but I venture to hazard the opinion that a successful cross would give plants very distinct from those at present cultivated. Let me add that the P. Jaffrayanus alluded to amongst other species is certainly inferior as a garden plant to the best forms of P. heterophyllus, the flowers of which are of a lovely sky-blue. It is readily raised from seed, and selected varieties can, if desired, be as easily increased by cuttings. With plants of uniform size and strength a most charming bed may be arranged by any intel- ligent gardener. Soixante, A Work on Colour. — What a boon it would be to those not " up " in colours if some authoritative book were published descriptive of colours. Such a diversity is presented in Queen Flora's charming dominion 1 The visitor at a flower show must be often puzzled to " hit off" exactly the colour of some object which is there displayed for his admiration. For instance, take only a flower which claimed notoriety at the recent Conference and the day which is kept sacred to the memory ol an illus- trious statesman — I refer, of course, to the Primrose. The range of tints to be found in this now popular flower i.;, indeed, astonishing — from pure white, and the most delicate shades, running to rich gold, orange, bright or deep red, maroon, crimson, or purple. But to return to the work in question. Supposing that some alphabet of colours with their shades were prei ired, what a source of satisfaction it would be to tho.e in search of such information— useful, too, to reporters of the horticul- tural Press, who must be often at their wits' end to adequately describe the subjects continually coming under their notice — one representative of the fourth estate giving it as one, and his companion of the pen another colour. No two people agree in this matter. To instance what we mean— supposing blue, with its various shades (to take a common example) is the colour in question, for which reference would be made in the book, under B would be found an illustration of the colour, with description of it and its shades. We throw out these very crude ideas for what they may be worth, and if any one learned in colour can be induced to take this important matter up these rambling remarks will not have been written in vain. B. A Fine Begonia.— Now that the tuberous-rooted Begonias are popular in gardens it might be interest- ing and encouraging to growers to place on record the successes of Mr. Mitchell, the gardener at Tehidy Park, Camborne, Cornwall. Some eight years ago he added to his fine collection a plant of that good single flowered variety, Madame Oscar Lamarche, and he has grown and preserved the same tuber ever since. The result is that be has the finest specimen that has ever come under my notice, and just now it is the pink of perfection— a mass of glowing orange-red flowers— so clustered are they on every side that the handsome foliage is almost hidden from view. This extraordinary individual is growing in a 20-inch pot, and the tuber is over 15 inches in diameter, whilst the height of the plant from the top of the pot ranges from 3 to 4 feet, and it is quite 5 feet wide. IV. Napper, Alphington Cross, July I. Cucumbers Diseased (pp. 768, 797, vol. xxv.). — The case of young Cucumbers dying from the tips downwards is probably familiar to too many gar- deners. The accompanying illustration (fig. 12) taken from examples of the dying ends of Cucumbers observed by me at different times, probably shows the ailment referred to. The plants may possibly have been thrown out of health by treatment similar to that mentioned by " C. D." However this may be, the dying ends of the diseased Cucumbers swarm with fungus threads and colourless fungus spores. The spores are shown enlarged 400 diameters in the middle of the illustration. I take the bodies illus- trated to be the buds or spores of GlKosporium Iffiticolor (illustrated on p. 796), or a closely allied species which grows in and on Melons, Gourds, and Cucumbers. As the ends of the Cucumbers soften and decay a white mould often covers the perished end ; this mould does not belong to GlKosporium, buti is Polyactis vulgaris, illustrated in the Gardeners' Chronicle for February 8, 1S86. It seems probable that the conditions mentioned by " C. D.," p. 797, may encourage the growth of these fungi. The spores, of course, when living under favourable conditions are able to continue the disease, and they no doubt often swarm in Cucumber-houses, Melon-pits, vineries, and orchard-houses. Good -TIPS OF DI58ASBD CUCUMBEHS : NATU With fungus spores enlarged 400 diara. ventilation — as opposed to warm, moist, stagnant air — would probably have a beneficial effect on the growth of ailing Cucumber plants. W. G. S, CRYSTAL PALACE : July 3. The Rose Show of the Crystal Palace Company was a decidedly good one, there being keen competi- tion in most of the classes, and almost every prize offered was awarded. The blooms of the Roses were very nice, and when the condition of the season is considered good. The tables on which the boxes were placed had been separated and spotted all over the body of the Palace, the leading classes occupying the centre transept, and consequently plenty of room was allow;d for the visitors. This was as well, for the attendance was numerous, great interest being shown in the flowers. Mr. B. R. Cant, Colchester, stood 1st in a keen competition for seventy-two varieties, distinct, single trusses, with a collection of handsome blooms, which fully merited their prize. The varieties were so arranged that their colours blended and balanced each other. Some of the best examples were Duke of Connaught, Merveille de Lyon, Madame de Watteville, General Jacqueminot, InnocentaPirola, Lord Macaulay, Victor Hugo, Marechal Niel, Marie Finger, Pitora, Madame Lambard, Madame Ch. Maurice, Marguerite de Romaine, and Duchess of Bedford ; 2d, Messrs. Paul & Son, Old Nurseries, Cheshunt, who followed very closely with, among others, S. Reynolds Hole, Julia Touvais, A. K. Williams, Duke of Edinburgh,* Souvenir d'Elise Vardon, Alba rosea, and Souvenir d'un Ami ; 3d, Mr. F. Cant, Colchester. With forty-eight varieties, distinct, three trusses of each, Mr. B. R. Cant was again 1st ; and Messrs. Paul & Son 2d, with almost the same blooms as were shown in the seventy-two varieties. Specially fine examples of Baroness Rothschild, Duke of Welling- ton, and Madame de Watteville being included in the jst prize lot ; while Messrs. Paul & Son showed specially good blooms of Madame G. Luizet, Victor Verdier, and Marie van Houtte ; Messrs. Keynes, Williams & Co. were 3d. The next class was twenty-four varieties of H.P.'s in threes. There was good competition here, all the exhibitors in the class showing uniformly fine blooms. Mr. C. Turner, Slough, showed the best collection, the best varieties being Mons. Nomao, Lady M. Fitzwilliam, Madame G. Luizet, and Duke of Wel- lington ; Messrs. Cooling & Sons, Bath, were next in merit, with Merveille de Lyon, A. K. Williams, Fran- 95ise Michelon, and Prince Arthur as their best blooms. For twenty-four varieties, distinct, in single trusses, Mr. G. Prince, 14, Market Street, Oxford, secured the 1st place in a good competition, having fine specimens of Princess of Wales, Lady M. Fitzwilliam, Madame Cusin, Marechal Niel, and Madame G. Luizet. Mr. C. Turner, Slough, was 2d, with Merveille de Lyon, Xavier Olibo, Marechal Niel, and Souvenir d'Elise Vardon ; 3d, Mr. G. Mount, Canterbury. The Tea-scented and Noisette Roses were numer- ous and on the whole very fine, and they appeared to find great favour with the visitors. The best eighteen varieties, three trusses of each, came from Mr. George Prince, nurseryman, Oxford, who had fine examples of Altia rosea, Francisca Kruger, Li Boule d'Or, Niphetos, Princess of Wales, Catherine Mermet, Jean Ducher, Marie van Houtte, Souvenir d'Elise Vardon, Anna Olivier, Innoceota Pirola, Madame Hippolyte Jamain, Hon. Edith GiBird, and Amazone j zd, Mr. G. W. Piper, nurseryman, Uckfield, with ad- mirable flowers of Souvenir d'Elise Vardon, Marie van Houtte, lean Ducher, Comtesse de Nadaillac, Anna Olivier, Niphetos, Jean Pernet, Etoile de Lyon, and Catherine Mermet ; 3d, Mr. C. Turner, Then followed a series of classes for Roses in colours, but as the collections were unlimited in extent some showed a greater quantity of flowers than others. The best collection of yellow Roses, three trusses of each, came from Mr. Geo. Prince, all of them being tea-scented, and included fine blooms of Jean Ducher, Princess of Wales, Francisca Kruger, Etoile de Lyon. Comtesse de Nadaillac, Perle des Jardins, Madame C. Kuster, Marie van Houtte, and Amazone; 2d, Mr. J. Mattock, nurseryman, Oxford, who had Comtesse de Nadaillac, Jean Ducher, Marie van Houtte, Anna Olivier, Boule d'Or, and Belle Lyonnaise ; 3d, Mr. B. R. Cant. Next came a collection of white Roses, three trusses of each, and here Mr. B. R. Cant was 1st, with a superb lot, comprising Edith Giffard, Niphetos, Devoniensis, Innocenta Pirola, Madame Lacharme, very fine, and Madame Bravy ; 2d, Mr, G. Prince, with Edith Gifl'ard, Anna Olivier, Alba rosea, Niphetos, lonocente Pirola, &c., also very good ; 3d, Mr. G. W. Piper. Messrs. Paul & Son had the best collection of pink Roses, staging, a very fine lot, comprising Mad. G. Luizet, Marguerite de St. Amand, Madame Montels, Madame Hippolyte Jamain, Mons. Noman, Pride of Waltham, Baroness Rothschild, Catherine Soupert, Princess Beatrice, Julia Touvais, Lady Mary Fitzwilliam, Marie Finger, Duchesse de Valombrosa, Madame Cusin, Souvenir d'un Ami, and Catherine ^Mermet ; 2d, Mr. B. R. Cant, with very fine blooms of Madame Cusin, Marguerite de St. Amand, Mons. Noman, Lady Mary Fiizwilliam, Mad. Gabriel Luizet, and Duchesse de Valombrosa ; 3d, Messrs. J. Burrell & Co., Cambridge. Messrs. Paul & Son had the best collection of crimson Roses, staging fine blooms of A. K. Williams, Duke of Edinburgh, Dr. Andry, Mon?. E. Y. Teas, Gen. Jacqueminot, Duke of Teck, Ulrich Brunner, Comte Rimbaud, Marie Rady, Marie Baumann, Madame Victor Verdier, and Camille Bernardin ; 2d, Mr. R. B. Cant, with A, K. Williams, Fisher Holmes, Charles Lefebvre, Dr. Sewell, Marie Baumann, Gen. Jacqueminot ; 3d, Geo. Christy, Esq., Westerham. Mr. R. B, Cant was 1st with a collection of velvety crimson Roses, having Duke of Edinburgh, Fishet Holmes, Prince Arthur, Duke of Marlborough, Dr. Sewell and Maurice Bernardin ; 2d, Messrs. Paul & Son, with Louis van Houtte, Prince Arthur, Reynolds Hole, Charles Darwin, Prince Camille de Rohan, &c. ; 3d, Messrs. Geo. Bunyard & Co. Mr. B. R. Cant had the best eighteen trusses of Marechal Niel, Mr. Geo. Mount, St. Dunstan's, Can- terbury, being 2d. In the class for the same number of trusses of any Tea or Noisette Rose, Mt. B. R. Cant was again 1st with a superb lot of Souvenir d'Elise ; Mr. W. J. Grant, Hope End Farm, Ledbury, being 2d with Marie van Houtte, and Mr. Prince 3d, with a superb lot of Comtesse de Nadaillac. In the class for eighteen trusses of Marie Baumann or similar coloured Rose, Messrs. Keynes & Co. were 1st, with Ferdinand de Lesseps ; Mr. B. R. Cant 2d, with Marie Baumann ; and Messrs. Bunyatd & Co, 3d, with the same. The best eighteen trusses of Prince Camille de Rohan, or other Rose of similar colour, came from 54 THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. (July io, 1886. Messrs. Paul & Son, who hart Abel Carricre ; 2d, Messrs. Keynes & Co., wilh Xavier Olibo j 3d, Mr. R. B. Cant, wilh Fi>her Holmes. Mr. W. J. Grant had the best eighteen trusses of Frani^ois Michelon, or similar colour, staging Marquis de Castellane ; the Cranston Seed and Nur- sery Company were 2 1 with Fran9iis Michelon ; Mr. B. K. Cant being 3d with John Hopper. The best eighteen blooms of Lady Mary Filz- william, a similar colour, broutjht some exquisite blooms of this lovely Rose from Mr. H. Bennett, the raiser ; Mr. B. R. Cant being 2d ; and Mr. T. W. Girdiestone, Sunniugdale, 3d, wiih the same. Mr. G. Frince had ihe best eighteen trusses of A. K. Williams; Mr. W. J. Grant being 2d; and Messrs. I\iul & Son, 3d. Mr. Prince had ihe best eighleen trusses of \V. A. Richardson, showing it richly coloured ; Mr. W. J. Grant was 2d ; and Messrs. Paul & Son. 3d. The Rev. j. H. Pemherton, Romford, had the best eighteen trusses of Niphetos ; Mr. Geo. Prince being 2I; and Mr. E. T. Aiherton, Chatteris, 3d. Messrs. Paul & Son had the best twelve bunches of Rosa polyantha, showing nice specimens of Madame Pacqueretle, Perle d'Or, Simplex, Mignonette, and Anna Maiia Monlraval ; Mr. G. Prince was 2d, having, distinct from the foregoing, Cecil Brunner. Messrs. G. Cooling & Son had the best examples of Rosa rugosa, staging good bunches of the red and white forms ; Messrs, G. Bunyard & Co. being 2d. In the amateurs' division there vvas as good a show as in the open classes, but the competition in some classes was not very large, still it was large enough to cause all the prizes to be awarded. On the whole this division was remarkably fine, good blooms being the rule. For foity-eight varieties, one of each, W. J. Grant, Esq., Hope End Fjrm. Ledbury, was ist, Horace Vernet, Sultan of Zanzibar, Madame G. Luizet, and Duke of Edinburgh, being the most remarkable specimens ; 2d, Mr. G. Campbell, gr. to S P. Eudd, Esq., S, Gay Street, Balh. including Baroness Roths- child, Li France, Pride of Waltham, Prince Camille de Rohan. In the class for twenty-four varieties, distinct, H.P.'s, one truss of each, there was a fine exhibition of uniformly good blooms, the judges considering it right to award an extra priz?. Mr. J. Ridout, gr. to T. B. Haywood, Woodhalch Lodge, Reigate. was 1st, wilh Mrs. Baker, Francois Michelon, A. K. Williams, Madame Lacharme. F. de Lesseps, and Madame Noman ; 2d, R. E. West, Esq , Reigate. having Ulrich Brunner, Merveille de Lyon, Abel Carriere, Etienne Levet, ar.d Madame G. Luizet ; 3d, Mr. R. Gray, gr. to Earl Stanhope, Chevcning, Sevenoaks ; and extra 3d, G. Christy, Esq., Buckhurst Lodge, Westerham. Wilh twenty-four varieties, three trusses of each, T. B. Haywood, Esq., was 1st, with good blooms of J. S. Mdl, La France, Madame Victor Verdier, Mar- quis do Castellane, A. K. Williams, Marie van Houttc, Alfred Colomb, Franjois Michelon, Marie Finger, Madame Lacharme, and Lady Maiy Fitz- williani ; W. J. Grant, Esq., was 2d, having Lady Mary Fitzwilliam, Horace Vernet, Charles Lefebvre, La Rosiere. Beauty of Waltham, &c. Mr. Jas. Brown, gr. to A. J. Waterlow, Esq., Rain- ham, was 1st. with twelve varieties, having good flowers of La Havre, Lady Mary Fitzwilliam, A. K. Williams, La France, Marquis de Castellane, Madame G. Luizet, Pride of Reigate, charmingly striped ; Merveille de Lyon, Countess of Rosebery, Pride of Wahham, Eugene Ftirst, &c.; 2d, J. L. Curtis, Esq., Chatham. The Rev. Dr. King, Madingly Vicarage, Cambs., had the best twelve Tea and Noisette Roses, having Catherine Merraet, Marie van Houtte, Souvenir d'Elise Vardon, Madame Cusin, Innocenta Pirola, S.-iuvenir de Paul Neron, Princess of Wales, NLarechal Niel, Jean Ducher, and Souvenir d'un Ami ; 2d, Rev. J. H. Pemberton, with a very good lot, tunning the 1st somewhat hard. Seedling Roses. Mr. H. Bennett had Viscountess Folkestone, a frag- rant blush coloured variety, with a warm flesh centre ; Messrs. William Paul & Son had Grand Mogul, a crimson A. K. Williams, and Silver Truce, silver- white, with deep flush centre. Carnations, Picotees, and Pinks. Mr. C. Turner had the best twelve Carnations, staging good blooms of Illuminator, A. K. Mayor, Charles Turner, John Keet, Outsider, a good scarlet- flake ; Mrs. Maclaren, Figaro, Miss E. ^Vemyss, and three Cloves ; 2d, Mr. James Douglas, Great Gearies, Ilford, wilh seedlings. Mr. Douglas had the best twelve Picotees, showing mainly yellow ground seed- lings ; Mr. C. Turner being 2d with Clara Penson, Evelyn. William Summers, Mrs. Rudd, Chanticleer, &c. Mr. Henry Hooper, nurseryman, Balh, had the best twelve Pinks, shoeing very large flowers of Ne Plus Ultra, Henry Cannell, Boyard, Brilliant, Eclipse, W. Paul, &c. ; 2d, Mr. H. Cattley, Bath. Special prizes were offered by Messrs. Paul & Son, nurserymen, Wallham Cross, for a collection of flowers introduced from, or raised at, the Waliham Cross Nurseries ; one collection only put in appear- ance, and that of an inferior character. Groui> of Tuberous Begonias. In this class Messrs. J. Laing & Co., Forest Hill, were the only exhibitors. They were awarded the 1st prize for a group occupying about 144 square feet. The group firmed a square pyramid, and was relieved with Caladiums, Palms, Ferns, Mosses, &c., which relieved the blaze of colours from the bloom of the B.'gonias. Miscellaneous. Messrs. W. Paul & Son, Wallham Cross, contri- buted a fine group of Roses, which were arranged in a tasteful manner in front of the stage. Numerous varieties W£re shown, and samples of almost every form. There were entire baskets each of a sort separated by Adiantum. Pots of Roses were studded here and there, and at both ends and forming a line at the back were ornamental standard baskets and standard Roses in pots. The following were included in this group : — Lady Mary Fitzwilliam, Captain Christy, Violetle Bowyer, Ma Capucine, Madame Faico', Anna Olivier, &c.,and two new ones — Grand Mogul and Silver Queen. E. Holman, Esq., Rockhills, Crystal Palace Park, exhibited six pots of Petunias, which were well flowered and of good appearance. Mr. P. Perry, gr. to W. G. Rowlett, Esq., showed some pots of Carnation Magnificence, full of bloom of a delicate rosy-salmon colour — very attractive. Messrs. J. Cheat ,& Son, Crawley, Sussex, con- tributed a nice little collection of herbaceous flowers, having G^Znothera Voungi, Spircea {several vars ), Phlox (vars.), &c. ;also they showed a group of Roses, R. rugosa vars., the Moss Rose and Provence, as well as Teas, (S:c. NATIONAL ROSE SOCIETY'S SHOW: Tuesday, July 6. The annual meeting of this Society took place in the conservatory of the Royal Horticultural Sociely at Soulh Kensingt.m. The flowers were quite as numerous as on any former occasion, but the quality of the blOi)ms had suffered much from late frost, and yet more from the great warmth experienced for the last week in England. Many of the flowers were found wiih damaged or op3n centres, and almost all wtre under-sized. New Roses were shown in a few in- stances, but there was nothing remarkable to be found in any of those exhibited, and they were of poor quality generally. The competitors in the smaller classes were, as usual, in great numbers ; but ihe entries in the classes for seventy-two, forty-eight, and twenty-four, were fewer, and were those whom we always expect to see head the lists of priz:-winners at Ibis and other large gatherings of Rose growers, The day was exceedingly warm, so that the blooms soon alter being set up, showed signs of distress, and by the evening many flowers were spoilt. Nurserymen. Seventy-two, distinct, single trusses. — In this class Mr. B. R. Cant, nurseryman, Colchester, took the 1st prize, with a lot of fairly even flowers of H,P,'s, amongst them being fine blooms of Boildeau. Lord Macaulay, Duke of Connaught, Beauty of Waltham, Duke of Wellington, La France, Ariadne, Marie Verdier, A. K. Williams. Of Teas were Souvenir d'Elise Vardon. Devoniensis, Marie van Houtte, Li Boule d'Or, and Innocenta Pirola. The two Silver Medals in the nurserymen's classes for the best II. P. and the best Tea were awarded to a bloom of Boildeau, H.P., and to Souvenir d'Elise, Tea, in this stand. 2d, Mr. F. Cant, Colchester, with a good stand, his best flowers being Mrs. Jowitt, Marechal Niel, Anna Olivier, La Havre, and Ilorace Vernet; 3), Messrs. Paul & Sons, The Old Nur- series, Cheshunt ; 4'h, Mr. C. Turner, SIcuJh. Forty-eight distinct, three trusses of each.— The 1st prize was again taken by Mr. B. R, Cant, who showed a stand in which were excellent examples of Lady M. Filzwilliam, Dr. Sewell, Fisher Holmes, Ulrich Brunner, Horace Vernet, Marquise de Cas- tellane, Niphetos, and Souvenir d'un Ami. A good 2d was seen in Mr. C. Turner's stand, who put up a iTright fresh collection of flowers, conspicuous examples being observed in Catherine Mermet, Horace Vernet, Countess of Rosebery, Reynolds Hole, Abel Carriere, Beauty of Wallham, and Alba rosea. The 3d prize fell to Messrs. Paul & Son, Cheshunt, »hose flowers of Lady Mary Fitzwilliam, Seaateur Vaisse, Marie Rady, and Alfred Colomb were very superior. The fourth prize was awarded to the Cranston Seed and Nursery Company, Hereford. Twenty-fiur Teas or Noisettes (distinct), single trusses. — In this class the 1st prize was well taken by Mr. G. Prince, Oxford, wilh a beautiful stand, ihe best of which were Comtesse de Nadaiilac, Souvenir d'Elise Vardon. Etoile de Lyon, Rubens. Amazone, and Madame Wiliermoz ; Mr. F. Cant, 2 1, showing excellently ; Mr. B. Cant, taking the 3d prize. Forty-eight single trusses (distinct), — Messrs Curtis, Sandfjrd tS; Co., Torquay, were the winners of the 1st prize, wilh one of the best collections in the show, very good flowers being observed ia Madame S, de Laplace, Lord Macaulav, E. Y. Teas, Captain Christy, Marie Rady, and Xavier Olibo ; 2d, Messrs. J. Burrell & Co., Cambridge, who showed a good lot of blooms in a very fresh condition, the finest being Maurice Jiernardin, Beauty of Waltham, A. K. Williams, Fran^oise Michelon, and Madame WatteviUe ; 3d, Messrs. Cooling & Sons, Bath ; 4th, Messrs. J. Jeffries & San, Cirencester. Twenty-four, distinct, three trusses of'each. — In this class Messrs. Curtis, Sandford & Co. took the lead wilh an excellent collection. We observed very fine examples of Madame G. Luizet, Lord Macaulay, Duke of Wellington, Baroness Rothschild, Marie Rady, and Jean Ducher. 2d, Messrs. Jeffries & Son, who in a nice stand had fine fljwers of Lady M. Fiizvilliam, Annie Lixton, Dachesse de Valom- brosa. Queen of Queens, and La France ; 3d, Messr-. Codling & Son, who showed remarkably well j 4th, Messrs. Burrell & Co. Twenty-four, distinct, s'n^le trusses. — Mr. G, Mount, the Rose Nurseries, Canterbury, was here the winner of the 1st prize, having fine examples of Lady M. Filzwilliam, Lord Herbert, Dr. Andry, Maiechal Niel, Captain Christy, and A. K. Williams; 2d, Messrs, Harkness & Sons, Bedale, Yorkshire ; 3d, Mr. T. Bunyard, Ashford, Kent. Eighteen Teas or Noisettes, distincf, single trusses. — 131, [, Mattock, New Headington. Oxon, whose floA'ers were very meritorious ; 2d, Messrs. J. Bur- tell & Co. ; 3d, Mr, G. Mount Amateurs. Forty-eight single trusses, distinct. — The 1st prize and Challenge Trophy were taken by the Rev, Joseph H, Pdinbeitin. Havering, Reigate. The Silver Medil of ihe Society for the best flower in the sh iw. A. K, Will ami, a superbly finisheJ fresh bloom, f II likewise to this exhibitor. Amongst his very fine exampl.-s were Francii-e Mic'"ebn, Magna Charla, M ill'. Marie Coinier', Hoiace Vernet, Eiienne L»ve', Louis van Houtte, Dake of Wtllingion, Counters of Rosebery, Souvenir d'Elise Vardon, and a grand Alphonse Soupert. 2d, W. G. Grant, Eq , Hope End Farm. Ledbury, the best in this stand being Louis van Houtte, Constantine TrefeakofT, Le Havre, and John S. Mdl; 3d, E. B. Haywood, Esq., Woodhatch Lodge, Reigate (gr., Mr. Ridout) — Marquise de Castellane and Ferd. de Lesseps wtre very nice bloom.; 4'h, S. P. Budd, Esq., S, Gay Street, Bath. There were nine competitors in this cla=s. Tweniy-four, distinct, single trusses. — ist, Mr. R. Gray, gr. to the Eirl of Stanhope, Chevening Park, who- staged a very beautiful lot of evenly matched blooms, bright colours predominating — Paul Jamain, A. K, Williams, Horace Vernet, Xavier Olibo, Eiienre Level, Cimille Bernardin, La France, and Mari5chal Niel being the best of them, 2d. G. Christy, E's Silver Medal for the best Tea or Noisette, with Souvenir d'Elise Vardon. Other fine examples were seen in Catherine Mermet, Sunstt, Anna Olivier, Souvenir d'un Ami, Niphetos, Marechal Niel, Caroline Kuster, and David Pradel. 2d, Rev. J. H. Pember- ton, who had but few really first-class blooms — Madame Bravy, Marie van Houtte, Belle Lyonnaise, and Bouquet d'Or being the finest ; 3d, E. M. July io, 1886.) THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. 55 Bilhune, Esq , small blooms, several being still in the unopened state. There were seven entries. Thirty-six, distinct, single trusses. — 1st, Mr. Brown, gr. to E. W'ateilow, Esq , Great Doods, Reigate. His blooms looked fresh, and were of an even and medium size, well contrasted in colour, the finest being A. K. \Villiam=, Lady M. Fiizwilliam, Mirie Brumann, Reyn^Hs Hole, M. Nomin, Charles Darwin, Merveille de Lyon, and Maiie Rady. 2d, F. Wade, Esq , Entsham Hill, West Farleigh, some fine examples being observed in his M. Niel, Marie Biuminn, M. Noman, E. Levet, Bille Lyonnaise. 3I, Mr. E. Mitchell, Gubens, Corbetsay, Romford, in which, among som: fine blooms, were others with faulty centres. Eight distinct, three trusses of each. — is(, Mr. Brown, Great Doods, rather small, but perfect flowers as regards the major number : E'.oile de Lyon, Eugene Fiirst, Marie Ridy, and Merveille de Lyon being the finest ; 3d, Mr. E. H. Fellows, Wimpole Rectory, Royston ; 4th, F Ward. Eighteen, distinct, single trusses. — 1st, Mr. E. B. Lmdsell, Bearton, Ilitcbin — the examples of Xivier Olibo, Lord Macauliy, Baroness de RoihschilJ, Madame G. Luizet, and Marie Baumann, being his best flowers. 2d, Rev, L. Girnet, Chrisileton, Chester — fresh looking, but comprising some imper- fect blooms— Comtesse de NadailUc, La France, and \y. Havre, being the best examples. 3!. Miss Biker, Holmfels. Reigate (gr., Mr. J. Budgen)— Ulrich Brun- ner, Horace Verne', and E. L-!vet, were the finest blooms ; 4th, Mr. W. H. Wakeley, Mackland, Rain- ham. There were eight entries. Twelve Teas, or Noisettes, distinct, single trusses. — 1st, E. Claxton, Esq., The Rosery, Allerton, Liverpool a lot of small blooms, evenly matched, and not over-blown as some were. The examples of Caroline Kuster, Madame Willermoz, M. H. Jamaio, Princess of Wales and Jean Djcher, were very nice. 2d, E. Wateilow, Esq. : Eioile de Lyon, Alba rosea and Catherine ^Iermet being very fine. 31, Rev. L. Garnet — in this lot the blooms of Comtesse de NadailUc, Madame Cusin and Souvenir d'un Ami were very good ones. 4th, E. B. Lindsell. There were eight competitors. Eighteen, distinct single trusses. — 1st, E. Mawlty, E q, , Rose Bank, Berkhampstead^the finest of the flowers being seen in Captain Christy, Souvenir d'Elise Vardon, Henri Ledechaux, Chailes Lefebvre L*? Havre, Xavier Olibo ; some of the others were not fully developed. 2d, W. H. Jackson, Esq., Stagsden Vicarage, Bedford — a lot ol medium-sized blooms, but comprising a few fine ones in Xavier Olibo, Alfred Colomb and Beauty of Wal-ham ; 3d, Mr. W. Narroway, Headington Qaarry ; 4ih, Mr. II. Lister, gr. to Lord Brooke, Easton Lodge, Dunmow. There were four entries. Twelve, distinct, single trusses. — 1st, Rev. Allen Cheales, Brockham Vicarage, Surrey — a capital box- ful, the best being Marie Rady, A. K. Wdliams, Marie Baumann, Star of Walhain, Maicchal Niel, M)n-. Niman, Niphetos. 2 1. H. Foster, Esq., Ashford, Kent, with fresh, smallish, generally perfect blooms — Mons. Woolfitld, a very fine pink flower, and Marie Rady were conspicuous examples : 4'h, Mr. Rothery, Ribsden, Windlesham, Bagshot (gr., H. Godfrey). There were six entries. Nine, distinct, single trusses.— 1st, Rev. H. B. Biron, Lympe Vicarage, Hy;he : a lot of good Roses cut at the right moment, very beautiful, were — Marie Biumann, Marie van Hoiitie, Madame G. Luiz = t, Captain Christy, Violetle Bowyer, Innocenta Pirola, La Boule d'Or. 2d, Mr. E. CulheH, Chapel Croft, West Humble, Dorking — a pretty boxful, which were preferred by some to the previous lot. '}f\. Rev. Canon Hodgson, Saltwood Rectory Hythc — nice blooms, but not well contrasted. 4h, Mr. E. Home, Park House, Reigate. There were eight entries. Six, distinct, single trusses.— 1st, Rev. Frank S. Taylor, Littleton Vicarage, Evesham — a good stand : Boildieu, Marechal Niel, Charles Lefebvre, and Madame G. Luizet. 2d, Miss Alice Lucas, Wratton, Hiichen ; 3d, J. H. Ashurst, E^q , Farningham ; 4'h, Mr. J. Bateman, 74, Twisdale Road, Highgale. There were eight entries. Six Teas or Noisettes, distinct, single trusses. — 1st, Rev. F. R. Burnsides, Chipping Campden, Glouces- tershire, with a lovely lot of flowers — Sladame Cusin, Marechal Niel, Comtesse de Nadaiilac, La Bjule d'Or, Souvenir d'Elise Vardon, Etoile de Lyon, com- prising the sorts ; 3d, Mrs. Fuller, the Vicarage, Bexley ; 4th, J. Sladden, E^q., Badsay, Worcester- shire. There were twelve entries. Extra Classes. Twenty-four, distinct, single trusses, twelve H.P., twelve Tea or Noisette. — 1st, Rev. R. C. Hale, Woodmancote Rectory, Henfield, Sussex ; a piece of plate went with this pnz^, and a very nice lot of each kind was shown, some of the finest blooms being R. Jacobs, Marie Baumann, Marie Rady, Madame G. Luizet, Beauty of Waltham, Fran^oise Michelon, Annie Wood, Violette Bowyer, Caroline Kuster, Madame Lambard, Souvenir d'un Ami. 2d, Mr. W. H. Jackson — very good, not over-blown blooms; Alba rosea, Souvenir d'un Ami, Marie Rady, M. Noman, Dr. Andry, and A. K. Williams, comprising the choicest varieties; 3I, W. J. Grant, Esq. There were nine entries. A basket of Teas or Noisettes. — 1st prize, and a piece of plate, C. E. Cuihill, Esq. — a large globular mass of fully developed and half-opened flowers ; 2i, E. C'axton, Esq., similar; 3!, Rev. J. A. Wil- liams, Aldermaston Lidge, S;ratfjrd. There were five entries. Twelve, distinct, single trusses. — 1st, Rev. Canin Hodgson, Saltwood Rectory, Hythe (gr., Mr. Shoe- smith). In this stand we observed nice blooms of Edith Giff'rrd. Innocenta Pirola, Duchesse de Vallombrosa, Comtessede Nidaillac; 2d, W. J. Grant, Esq. Tnere were nine entries. Six distinct single trusses. — 1st, J. H. Ashurst, E.q ; 2a, Mr. Samuel Tuke, Hitchin ; 3!, L. Eames, Esq, Hitchin; 4'h, Rev. F. F. Lambert, Clothal Rectory, Baldock. None of these stands were of any particular merit, and showed the 'prentice hind unmistakeably. Ten competed. Six new R'jses, for the first time in Engli,h nurserymen's lists since the spring of i834 and subse- quently: single trusses. — 1st, E. W. Girdlestone, Esq., Sunningdale. We did not observe anything of superlative merit, and will merely indicate the names, &c., premising that none of them had undergone a course of good culture, so small and poor were the blooms: — Gloire Lyonnaise, cream-coloured; Lady of the Lake, pink, incurved petals, centre full ; Madame de Watteville, creamy-white, petal cerise lipped ; Souvenir de Gabrielle Brevet, similar to the previous one, but the edge colour less distinct ; Grace Darling, colour of Catherine .Mermei, hut very small as seen ; Joseph Metral, purplish-crimson. 3d, Rev, Allan Cheales. Six single trusses of any H.P.— Ist, Mr. Gray, Chevening, with Etienne Levet ; equal Ist, W. J. Grant, Esq , with La France. 2d, Mr. T. B. Hall, with Madame G. Luizet ; 3 1, Mr. W. Narroway, with A. K. Williams ; 4th, Mr. S. P. Budd, with Ulrich Brunner. Eleven competed. Six single trusses of any Tea or Noisette. — Ist, E. Claxton, Esq ^Madame H. Jamain in this stand was a very tine bloom ; 2d, Rev. F, K. Barn- side— Innocenta Pirola was perhaps, the best of its kind in the show ; 3d, E. W. Girdlestone. Twelve competed. Open Classes. Twelve Teas or Noisettes, distinct, three trusses of each.— 1st, Mr. B. R. Cant, Colchester, with Madame C. Kuster, Niphetos, Madame Lambard, very good ; Madame Bravy, La Biule d'Or, Moire, Madame H. Jamain. 2d, Mr. F. Cant, with Madame H. Jamain, Innocenta Pirola as his best ; 3^, Rev. F. P. Roberts, Rectory, Scole, Norfolk ; 4th, Mr. C. W. Piper. There were seven entries. Garden Roses, of not more than twenty-four varie- ties.— The prizes fell in the proper sequence to the Rev. J. H. Pemberton, J. Sladden, Esq., and J. Walker. Ten competed. Twelve bunches Moss or Provence varieties. — 1st, Messrs. Paul & Son, Cheshunt ; 2d, Messrs. G. Bun- yard ; 3d, Cranston Nursery and Seed Co. Twelve bunches buttonhole Rases, not less than six varieties. ^There was a pretty display of these, many Rises not otherwise regarded as buttonhole Roses than in the bud state competed with others that appear just fitted for this purpose. 1st, Mr. J. Mat- tock ; 2d, Messrs. G. Banyard cSc Co. New Roses, distinct, sinsjie trusses. — 1st, ^^essrs. Paul & Son, Cheshunt, with the sorts Madame Rawull Chandone, pink ; Longfellow, purple ; Grace Dar- ling, Richard Wilder, scarlet ; Ella Gordon, scarlet ; Madame fulie Gautien, soft rose. 2d, Messrs. Curtis, Sandford & Co., with Baron Trevet, Souvenir de Reoe Levcque, crimson ; Victor Hugo, dark red : Madame Massecault, Madame Norman Neruda, and President Senelar ; 3d, Mr. B. R. Cant. Twelve single trusses of any new Roses brought out since 18S4 -Ist, Mr. B. R. Cant, with Madame de Wattevide ; 3 1, Paul & Son, Cheshunt, Madame Norman Neruda. Twelve single trusses of any yellow Rose. — Ist, Mr. W. J. Grant, with Marie van Houtte ; 2J, W. H. Wakeley, E=q., with Marechal Niel; 3!, J. Walker, E q. ; 4th, Mr. B. R. Cant. Twelve blooms of any white Roses. — Ist, Mr. B. R. Cant, with Niphetos, in perfect form ; 2J, Curtis, Sandford & Co., with Merveille de Lyon; 3 I, Mr. W. H. Piper ; 4lh, Mr. C. Turner— both with alba rosea, very delicate and nice-looking blooms. Twelve trusses of any crimson Rose. —Ist, Mr. B. R. Cant, with A. K. Williams ; 2d, Mr. F. Cant ; 3d, with the same kind, Messrs. Curtis, Sandford & Co. ; 4'h, Mr. W. II. Wakeley, with Alfred Colomb. Twelve single trusses of any dark velvety-crim- son Rose. — 1st, Messrs. Keynes, WiUiams & Co., with Reynolds Hole, fine blooms ; 2 1, Messrs. Cooling & Son, Bath ; 3 1, Mr. G. Prince, with Xavier Olibo ; 4th, Mr. B. R, Cant, with small blooms of Prince Arthur, Twelve single trusses of any Rose. — Ist, Mr. H. Bennett, with very fine specimens of Lady M. Fitz- wiiliam; 2 1, Messrs. Curiis, Sandford & Co., with Ulrich Brunner ; 3!, Mt. B. R. Cant, with Souvenir d'Elise Vardon ; 4th, Messrs. Keynes, Williams & Co. Messrs. Bunyard & Co. exhibited, not for compe- tition, a box of blooms of W. A. Richardson, to show its adaptability for buttonhole and bouqet uses. Mr. J. Walker, Whitton, showed a splendid assort- ment of English Iris in fine bloom. Messrs. Birr & Son and Mr. T. S. Ware had a numerous collection of hardy plants in flower. TUNBRIDGE WELLS HORTICUL- TURAL : July 2. The exhibitions held here annually stand in the front rank of those that take place south of the metro- polis. 0.1 the present occasion the display, with the exception of fruit, of which there was less than usual, was quite equal to that of former years. Stove and greenhouse plants were remirkably well shown ; in the groups competing there was a total absence of the stale-flowered examples which, where present, have an adverse influence on the general efTcct. SrovE AND Greenhouse Flowering Plants. The collection of eight, with which Mr. Gibson, gr. to T. F. Birnaby Atkins, Esq., Halstead Place, Sevenoaks, took Ist, was one of the best we have seen for some time. It contained a well- flowered example of Dipladenia amabilis, Ixora Fraseri, a large and finely- bloomed Anthurium Scherzerianum, Allamanda Hen- derson!, profusely flowered ; and a grand specimen of the old Clerodendron fillax, bearing a crowd of spikes of its tlaming red flowers, backed by massive healthy, foliage Mr. Rann, gr. to J. Warren, Esq., Handcross Park, Crawley, who was 2d, had, amongst others, one of the largest and best flowered Siatices — S. Gilbertii — that we have seen ; it is a high coloured form of S. Butcheri, marine. blue ; the specimen presented a dense sheet of flowers, 5 feet across ; Epacris miniata, in beautiful condition, and a large and well-bloomed example of Azalea Juliana ; 3 1, Mr. S. Pope, gr. to J.J. Barrow, Esq., Holm- wood Park, Tunbii.lge Wells. Six stove and greenhouse plants. — Here Mr. Pope took the lead; 2d, Mr. Bolton, The Gardens, Coombe Bink, Sevenoaks, who staged a nicely flowered half- dozen. Four stove and greenhouse plants. — Ist, Mr. Moor- house, gr. to J. W. Temple, Esq., Leyswood, Groom- bridge, who had a group of well-managed plants. Fine foliage Plants. In the class for eigh', Mr. Rann had 1st honours, staging as usual a fine group of large well grown plants, the most noteworthy being Croton Evansianus, C. princeps, Phtiinix tenuis, and Thrinax elegans ; Mr. Pope, who was 2d, also had a fine group con- taining Alocasia Lowii, Croton angustifolius, and C. variegatus, in the form of pyramids, over 7 feet high, and well clothed with highly coloured foliage. Six fine-foliage plants. — Here again Mr. Rann took the lead with good specimens in fine order, amongst thtm being Crotun picturatus, C. Williamsit — the latter one of the best of the large leaved kinds, a beautiful plant of Bonapartea stricia recurva ; 2 1, Mr. Moorhouse, who in a good collection had Croton Weismanni, Chamserops bumilis, and a splendid example of Cycas revoluta. Ferns. Wiih eight, Mr. Pope was Ist, staging a handsome collection, the best of which were Davallia Moore- ana, Cyathea medullaris, Dicksonia sqaarrosa, and D. antarctica ; 2d, Mr. Bolton. Si.K Ferns. Here Mr. Bolton took the lead with fresh nicely grown plants ; 2d, Mr. Allen, gr. to G. H. Field, Esq., Ashurst Park, also having good examples. Hardy Ferns were well shown, Mr. Scammell, gr. to C. Reily, Esq., Tunbridge Wells, being 1st with a good group, the best of which were Osmunda gracilis and Oooclea sensibilis ; Mr. Allen, who was 2d, like- wise showed well. Lycopodiums. As usual here these were shown in beautiful con- dition, 1st honours being taken by Mr. Scammell, whose collection included charming examples of Sela- ginelli Wildenovii, S. Martensii variegata, S. denticu- latua aureua, and S. ccesia ; Mr. Aylward, gr. to Mrs. Foster, Boyne House, a cloie 2J, with plants only a little inferior. Pelargoniums. These were in very good condition for so late in the season. Mr. Shoebridge, gr. to W. Elwards, Esq., Fern Bank, Tunbridge Wells, and Mr. Vt'ilkins, gr. to F. V. Williams, Esq., Shirley Hall, being Ist and 2j in the order of their names. 56 THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. (July io, 1886. Six zonah. — 1st, Mr. Allen ; 2d, Mr. Beilby, gr. to W. H. Tindall, Esq., Holljsbaw. Fuchsias. With six, Mr. Shoebridge had 1st, staging large specimens nicely flowered : Mr. Beilby, who was 2d, also had creditable plants. Tuberous Begonias. The 1st prize in the class for six went to Mr. Allen ; 2d, Miss Kenrick, Rusthall. Groups of Plants Arranged for Effect. These are always well done here, and being suffi- ciently numerous to fill a good sized tent are one of the leading features of the show. Mr. Fennell, gr. to Mrs. Cazalet, Fairhwn, Tonbridge, took the lead with a beautiful arrangement, nicely balanced in both form and colour : 2d, Mr. Aylward, who also had a nice group; 3d, Mr. Waterman ; 4th, Mr. Wilkins. Cut Flowers. Roses were forthcoming in nice condition. With forty-eight Mr. G. W, Piper, Piltdown Nurseries, Uckfield, came in 1st, with a stand containing, amongst others, some good blooms of Tea varieties. Of these may be named Comtesse de Nadaillac, Marie van Houtte, Souvenir d'Elise Vardon, and Niphetos ; 2d, Messrs. G. Bunyard & Co., Maidstone. Twenty-lour (open). — In this class Mr. Ridout, gr. toT. B. Haywood, Esq., Woodhatch Lodge, Reigate, had 1st, with good flowers, the best of which were Captain Christy, Marie Finger, Marie Verdier, La France. Etienne Level, Madame Gabriel Luizet, Anna Olivier, and A. K. Williams, the bloom of the last-menlioned taking the National Rose Society's Silver Medal for the best Rose exhibited in the class ; 2d, Mr. R. E. West, Reigate. Twenty-four Roses (amateurs).— Here Mr. Ridout was again well in front, with a good stand, in which were fine flowers of Mrs. Biker, Henri Ledechaux, Madame Gabriel Luizet, Captain Christy, and A. K. Williams, which here likewise took the National Rose Society's'silver Medal for the best flower exhibited in the amateurs' classes ; 2d, Mr. Simmons, gr. to the Rev. R. C. Hales, Woodmancote Rectory, Henfield, with a nice lot of flowers. Twelve Roses (amateurs).— 1st, Mr. Ridout, whose best blooms here were Countess of Oxford, Lidy Mary Fitzwilliam, Maidchal Niel, and A. K. Williams ; 2d, Mr. F. Warde, West Farleigh. Twelve Teas or Noisettes. — 1st, Mr. Ridout, with beautiful flowers, remarkable amongst which were Catherine Mermet, Souvenir de Paul Neron, Madame Charles, Comtesse de Nadaillac, and Madame Cusin ; 2d, Mr. F. Warde. Six Roses. — 1st, Mr. Simmons ; 2d, Mr. Shoe- smith, gr. to the Rev. Canon Hodgson. Saltwood Rectory, Hythe. Eighteen varieties of stove and greenhouse flowers. 1st, Mr. Moorhouse, who had a beautiful collec- tion,'principally Orchids, of which may be men- tioned La;lia purpurata, Dendrobium suavissimum, D. chrysotoxum, Cattleya Gaskelliana, C. Mendelii, C. Mossire. and several varieties of Odontoglossum ; 2d, Mr. Waterman, gr. to A. H. Btassey, Esq., Preston Hall, Aylesford. Table Decorations, Bouquets, &c. These are always well represented at Tunbridge Wells, both as regards numbers and elegance of arrangement. With three stands, Mr. Hatton, gr. to Mrs. Swanzy, The Quarry, Sevenoaks, took 1st, having the best arrangement of the kind we have seen for some time ; 2d, Mr. Searing, Oak Lodge, Seven- Single stand.— 1st, Mr. Bishop, gr. to F. Peake, Esq., The Waldrons, Croydon, with a nicely-arranged exhibit ; 2d, Mr. F. R. Chard, Clapham. Stand of wild flowers. — 1st, Mrs. Fennell ; 2d, Miss Edith Jenner, Golden Green. Bride's bouquet. — 1st, Mr. Chard ; 2d, Mrs. Bishop, Croydon. Ball bouquet.— 1st, Mr. Chard ; 2d, Mr. Bishop. Fruit was less plentiful than usual here, and of a mixed character in the matter of quality. In the collection the mistake is made of no limit being put as to the number of dishes, the result being that a good many are introduced which are no improvement either in appearance or reality. Mr. Waterman took 1st, his best dishes being Black Hamburgh and Buckland Sweetwater Grapes, Melons, Peaches, and Figs ; 2d, Mr. Hopgood, gr. to Sir Julian Goldsmid, Somer- hill, Tonbridge. Three bunches of black Grapes. — 1st, Mr. Hop- good, who had well coloured examples of Black Hamburgh, a little loose in the bunch ; 2d, Mr. Moorhouse, with larger bunches not so well finished. Three bunches of white Grapes.— 1st, Mr. Harvey, gr. to C. L. Huggins, Esq., Warlingham, with Muscat of Alexandria, nicely coloured for so early in the season ; 2d, Mr. Moorhouse, with good examples of Foster's Seedling. Dish of Nectarines. — 1st, Mr. Moorhouse, with fine fruit of Lord Napier ; 2d, Mr. Allen, with Violette Hative. Dish of Peaches. — 1st, Mr. Bolton ; 2d, Mr. Hop- kins, The Gardens, High Cross, Framfield. Melon — ist, Mr. Searing, gr. to A. Monkton, E'q., Sevenoaks j 2d, Mr. Grossman. Strawberries. — Ist, Mr. Scaramell, who had a fine dish of Sir Joseph Paxton ; 2d, Mr. E. Amies, Maid- stone, with James Veitch. Cherries. — 1st, Mr. Hopgood, with a beautiful dish of Black Tartarian ; 2d, Mr. Waterman, with Frog- more Early. Miscellaneous. A large and effective group of miscellaneous flower- ing and fine-leaved plants and Ferns was contributed, not for competition, by Mr. Coleman, gr. to Mrs. Arthur Pott, Bentham Hill, which received a well merited High Commendation, From Mr. A. H, Webber, nurseryman, Tunbridge Wells, came a group of Ferns, very well put together. TORQUAY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY'S ROSE SHOW. The above exhibition was held on June 30 and July I, in the Winter Gardens, Torquay. There was a very fine lot of Roses, all the classes well contested, but the high temperature of the building soon caused the flowers to expand after uncovering so that really the cut Roses on the second day could not have been very attractive. Messrs. Curtis, Sandford cS: Co. took the lead in the principal classes, Messrs. Cranston & Co., of Hereford, and Cooling & Son, of Bath, also showing in good form. For twelve new Roses of 1885 and 1886, and for six blooms of any new Rose of 1885, Messrs. Curtis, Sandford & Co took 1st in each. For twelve blooms, any one variety, Messrs. Curtis, Sandford & Co. were Ist, with a fine lot of Merveille de Lyon ; Messrs. Cranston & Co. and Cooling & Son 2d and 3d respectively, each with Madame G. Luizet. For seventy-two distinct single trusses Messrs. Curtis, Sandford & Co. were well to the front with good blooms, their best blooms being Ulrich Brunner, a very fine, broad-petalled Rose ; Beauty of Waltham, Lady M. Fitzwilliam, Eugenie Verdier, Horace Vernet, Etienne Levet, Marechal Niel, Madame Lacharme, Mons. Noman, M. Vailant, A. K. Williams, and Dupuy Jamain ; Messrs. Cranston & Co. were in capital form ; 3d, Mr. W. R. Beachey, of Kingskerswell. For forty-eight distinct single trusses, Messrs. Curtis, Sandford & Co. again were placed 1st, with a very beautiful fresh lot of Roses, A. K. Williams, A. Colomb, Ulrich Brunner, Merveille de Lyon and Marie Rady being the best in their collection ; Messrs. Cranston & Co., 2d, and Messrs. Cooling & Son, Bath, 3d. For thirty-six varieties Messrs. Curtis, Sandford & Co. again took Ist honours— a grand specimen of Ulrich Brunner was shown in this stand ; 2d, Cranston & Co. ^ • o For twenty-four distinct single trusses.- Curlis & Sandford, 1st ; Cranston & Co., 2d ; Mr. W. R. Beachy, 3d. For twelve Teas and Noisettes. — Messrs. Cooling & Son took the lead with a very nice lot of blooms indeed. The best blooms in their stand being Eioile du Lyon, Clothilde, Marechal Niel, Madame Margottin. Alba rosea, David Pradel, and Perle des lardins; Capt. Christy, Sidmouth, 2d, and Cranston ■& Co., 3d. Amateur Classes. For forty-eight varieties, distinct, single trusses.— 1st, Mr. Medland, gr. to Moreton Sparks, Esq., Rooklands, Torquay; 2d, Capt. Christy (gr., Mr. Evans), Sidmouth ; 3d, Mr. Marsh, gr. to Sir J. G. Freake, Warfleet, Dartmouth. For twelve trebles.— ist, Mr. Teed, gr. to Mr«. Ensor, The Bungalow, Exeter ; 2d, Mr. Medland ; 3d, Mr. F. H. Plumptree. For twenty-four varieties, distinct.— 1st, Mr. Med- land ; 2d, Mr. Cole, gr. to W. B, Fortescue, Esq., Octon, Torquay ; 3d, Capt. Fane Tucker. Twelve varieties, single trusses. — Ist, Mr. Teed ; 2d, Mr. H. Dammerell, gr. to Lady Macgregor ; 3d, Mr. Medland. For six varieties, single trusses. — Ist, Mr. Teed ; 2d, Mr. Medland ; 3d, Mr. H. Dammerell. Twelve blooms, one variety. — Ist, Capt. Christy; 2d, Mr. F. H. Plumptre. Table decorations, centrepiece.— Ist, Miss Florence Morris, Torquay, with a very pretty and simple arrangement ; 2d, Mrs. Seaman. Twelve stove plants, distinct. — Ist, Miss Lock ; 2d, Mr. F. Ferres, gr. to J. W. Kimber, Esq. ; 3d, Captain Fane Tucker. Six stove plants.— 1st, Captain Tucker ; 2d, Mr. H. Dammerell. Three stove plants.— 2d, Captain Tucker. "^ No 1st awarded. Six stove and greenhouse plants. — 2d, Mr. Cole ; extra prize, Ciptain Fane Tucker. Six Coleus, distinct.— 2d, Mr. H. Dammerell. Six greenhouse plants. — ist. Miss Lock; 2i, Mr. H. Dammerell. Six exotic Ferns. — The^e were all excellent, and a good competition ; Isl, Miss Lock ; 2I, Mr. Cole. Six Begonias.— 1st, Mr. Ferris, with a very beau- tiful lot, some very choice doubles being included, White Lady, Perfection, and Sulphur Queen being eipecially good of the latter kind ; 2d, Miss Lock. Four Orchids. — 1st, Mr. G. Lee, gr. to W. Laveis, Esq., having good specimens each of Odontoglos- sum vexillarium, Cypripedium barbatum, Anguloa Clowesii, Cattleya Mossise ; 2d, Mr. Medland, who has always taken the lead with Orchids in this neigh- bourhood up to the present time. Specimen Orchid.— 1st, Mr. Lee, with a nice piece of Cattleya Gaskelliana ; 2d, Mr. Medland, with Thunia alba. Fruit, Collection of six distinct kinds.— 1st, Mr. Cole, with good Black Hamburgh Grapes, good Royal George Peaches, Lord Napier Nectarine, Golden Perfection Melon, and Sir Joseph Paxton Strawberries, fine. Three bunches black Grapes.— Ist, Mr. Cole, with Black Hamburgh ; 2d, Miss Lock. Three bunches white Grapes. — ist. Miss Lock. In the classes for six Peaches and six Nectarines, Mr. Cole took 1st, with nice fruit. For white and red Currants Mr. Plumptre took 1st prize. Six kinds of vegetables.— Ist, Mr. Cole. Special Prizes. For twelve Begonias. — Ist, Mr. W. R. Beachy, with a capital lot, good varieties, and well grown. Miscellaneous groups of plants. — Ist, Miss Lock ; 2d, Mr. H. Dammerell ; 3d, Captain Fane Tucker. Cut flowers, twelve bunches. — ist, Mrs. Teed ; 2d, Mr. Medland. The local nurserymen contributed large collections of plants and cut flowers. Messrs. Veitch, of Exeier, showed a fine group of Japanese Maples, and a col- lection of choice Orchids, stove and greenhouse plants, with an abundance of cut blooms of herbaceous and other flowers, among them being Paeonies, very showy i Gladiolus, of The Bride or Colville section, some very beautiful and attractive varieties were shown, especially the Blushing Bride. Delicatissimus ramosus, Giant Red, and Prince Albert, Delphin- iums, Pieonies, and some excellent boxes of Roses. They had some very fine examples of Sir Joseph Paxton, Vicomtesse Hericart de Thury, and President Strawberries, and an early large Marrow Pea. which obtained a Certificate. Some beautiful Sarracenia Chelsoni x and purpurea were very good, together with a nice collection of double Begonias, and a very effective group was made. Messrs. Lucombe, Pince & Co. were strong in cut blooms, especially of Niphetos Roses, excellent boxes of Pansies, plants of Pelargoniums, Paeonies, and Orchids in great variety, &c. Messrs. Smale, Barton Nurseries, put up a large collection of decorative plants ; also Messrs. Phillips & Co. ; Mr. W. Mitchell ; Messrs. Horn & Son, Mary Church, Torquay ; Mr. W. H. Burridge, Paignton, and Mr. W. R. Beechey, Kingskerswell. Mr. Medland put up a nice group of several dozen Orchids in bloom, which were a very attractive feature of the exhibition. SHEPPERTON HORTICULTURAL: July I. Held in beautiful weather, and in the charming Thames riverside grounds of Manor House, Shepper- ton, the residence of Mr=. W. A. Lindsay, on the above day, a very succeessful show resulted, although in so secluded a corner of Middlesex it was a matter for wonder whence the people were to come from to make a financial success also. Disposed under gigantic overhanging Elms, the tents were small but numerous, thus scaitering the exhibits, and permitting no good general effect to be obtained. Plants. Of these, the best stove and greenhouse plants came from Mr. Reeves, gr. to W. Hewett, Esq., Oat- lands Park, who had a good specimen of the bearded Orchid, Brassia Wrayse, also fair Statice profusa. Plumbago capensis, Clerodendron Balfourianum. and Tabernsemontana coronaria flore-pleno; Mr. Child, gr. to Mrs. Slade, Claygate, Surrey, was 2d best. Mr. Reeves also had the best foliage plants in good Croton majesticus, Pandanus Veitchii, and Caladium Prince Albert, &c. Mr. Reed, gr. to E. Pettitt, Esq.,Oatlands Park, had in his lot a capitally coloured Acalypha. Ferns were plentiful, Mr. Reed haviug the best six. July lo, 1886,) THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. 57 whilst the best six Adiantums came from Mr. Barrow, gr. to the Rev. A. Brandon, Chertsey, who had fine yormosum cuneatum gracillimum, and, with others, a good plant of A. Sanctal Catharine, having broad pinnte, a very handsome kind. Coleuses were in strong force, the best well grown and coloured pyra- mids coming from Mr. Waite, gr. to the Hon. Colonel Tilbnt, Esher. The best kinds were Princess Royal, Sunset, and Miss Rosina. Mr. J. Batt, gr. to II. W. Cuthbert, Esq., Charlton, was 2ci, also with good coloured pyramids. Mr. Wiggins, gr. to W. Clay, Esq., Kingston, had the best six show Pelargoniums, small, but very fresh, well-bloomed plants ; as al.so a good showy group of seedling plants in bloom. Zonals were largely shown, the best doubles— really fine well-bloomed plants— coming from Mr. Waile, and included Mrs. Leavers, Madame Pomerii, Colonel Pomerii, Double Perfection, and C. H. Phayer. Mr. Waite had also the best singles, large well (lowered plants, in John Gibbins, Blanche Gordon. Miss Stockham, &c. ; Mr. Reeves being 2d, also with good plants. Mr. Child had the best Begonias in Helelia, Boule de Neige, Mr. A. Slade, and others, richly bloomed : and the 2d best lot, good compact plants, came from Mr. Thorne, gr. to A. E. Flood, Esq., Walton-on- Thames. Gloxinias were largely shown, and generally good, the best dozen really good plants, grandly flowered, coming from Mr. Bradley, gr. to Mrs. Walker, Shepperton, and Mr. Beaver the best half-dozen. Fuchsias were in capital form, the best pyramids, in excellent bloom, coming /rom Mr. Reeves, and there were in the groups good specimens of Lord Beaconsfield, Wave of Life, Mrs. Marshall, Gustave Dore, and Alba coccinea. The only lot of six Orchids came from Messrs. Jackson & Son, Kingston, and included some good pieces of Dendiobium suavissimum, Cattleya Mossise, Cypripedium barbatum, C. grandiflorum, &c. This firm also showed a capital group of their Ericas, and other stove and greenhouse plants. The usual decorative groups were not a strong feature. Mr. Sutton, gr. to J. S. Sissoon, Esq., Walton, came 1st, Mr. Reeves 2d, and Mr. Reed 3d, with combinations ol the usual order. Roses. These, in the form of cut flowers, were in strong force, the open forty-eight singles bringing Mr. B. R. Cant, from Colchester with a full lot of blooms ; Mr. C. Turner, of Slough, coming next. Messrs. G. Bun- yard (Maidstone), and Fletcher (Atherstone), also being compeliiors. The flowers shown included many of the best known kinds. Mr. Warwick, gr. to II. Kitchen, Esq., Hampton, had the best twenty-four blooms, and also the best twelve, all very fresh. In the class for six blooms of one kind fifteen lots were staged, the old H.P. General Jacqueminot coming 1st, Lady Mary Fitzwilliam 2d — the former from Mr. Warwick, and the latter from Mr. Bennelt, of Cobham. Mr. E. Bennett, Shepperton, staged a fine box of his Lady Mary Filzwilliam, as fine a lot as we have seen, all grand flowers. Mr. W. Tayler, Hampton, also staged good cut Roses. Fruits were moderate, the best three bunches of Black Hambutghs coming from Mr. Osman, gr. to L. T. Baker, Esq., Chertsey ; Mr. Waite having the second best. The former exhibitor was also 1st wiih whites, having very good Buckland Sweetwater ; and Mr. Reed followed with Foster's Seedling. Royal George was the best Peach shown, and President, a really grand sample, from Mr. Briggs, gr. lo the Rev. H. Vigne, Sunbury, the best Strawtaerry. James Veitch and Sir Toseph Paxton were also good. William Tlllery was the best Melon, and the best Cucumbers handsome samples of Blue Gown, shown by Mr. Merrick, gr. to A. Stearns, Esq., Hallefotd ; and Tender and True from Mr. Waite, who also had the best Tomato. This exhibitor also, in good com- petitions, took 1st prize in two separate classes for the best lot of twelve kinds of vegetables in baskets^ both very fine collections, showing high merit. In one class Mr. Batt took 2d place, and in the other Mr. Child. Bouquets were plentiful, but chiefly amateurish, solid, and heavy. Dinner-table decorations were more varied, and in several instances very pleasing, no less than seventeen tables being dressed with large and lesser stands in all sorts of fashions. The ladies who awarded the prizes seemed to prefer heavy dressing, the 1st prize going to a composition of cream and pink Roses with Maidenhair Ferns arranged by Miss A. Lucas, of Halleford ; Miss Alice Lendy, of Sunbury, coming 2d, with a lighter combination of Dog Roses, creamy flowers in variety, grasses and Ferns, but still too much of it. One table dressed with simple wild flowers, scarlet Poppies, Ox-eye Daisies, yellow Cornflowers, and blue Cornbottle, with grasses, was both elegant and pleasing, in spite of the combina- tion of somewhat striking colours. COTTAGERS' SHOW, LIVERPOOL; July 3. Compared with the other departments of the Royal, at Liverrool, the cottagers' display was a poor one indeed. Doutitless the earliness of the season had something to do with it, combined with the fact that in the neighbourhood of the show there are no true cottage gardens, these being situated some 6 or 7 miles distant, in Cheshire. Some nice bunches of annuals were exhibited — pretty and showy. The class for three window plants was only repre- sented by two exhibitors, who showed typical speci- mens of subjects that are, as a rule, so well dotie by cottage gardeners, one lot, the Ist prize, containing an exceedingly well-flowered double Ivy-leaved Pelargonium. What a fine subject for window culture is the double Ivy-leaved Pehrgonium. The 2d prize lot had a nice plant of Kalosanthes coccinea, bright and good. A well flowered Bpgonia was also notice- able. Fuchsias were fairly represented in the varieties Avalanche and Mrs. Lye. The only class in which any approach to compe- tition was made was that in a bunch of cut flowers, the 1st prize being awarded to a nice little posy, admirably arranged, to Harry Mercer, Higher Bching- ton, Cheshire. Charming buds of Gloire de Dijon and other Roses, sweet Carnations, pretty blue Forget me-Nots and nice sprays of Spiraeas tastefully peeping out, made up a charming yet simple combina- tion ; the fault wiih most being that they were lumpy — one indeed that was disqualified, but which was awarded an extra prize, being a veritable ball of flowers. This is a matter in which our cottagers need some training— taste in arrangement, which is half the battle in a competitive display. Vegetables call for no special comment — Potatos, owing, doubtless, to the earliness of the season, being very small. Cabbages were pretty fairly shown. A nice collection of sweet and pot herbs was also on view. A curiosity was a bunch of five medium-sized Cucumbers (Telegraph) on a shoot or stem of some 6 or 9 inches long ; originally it had produced six, one being removed. This was awarded an extra prize, and was exhibited by a shoemaker, James Norris, Liverpool Road, Formby. RICHMOND SHOW: July 7. The show was held in the customary place — the old Deer Park — three large marquees, together with a few smaller tents, being there erected to hold the exhibits. These were numerous, and generally of good quality, with the exception of some of the fruits — as Pines and Grapes— Peaches, Strawberries, and vegetables being very fine, the cottagers' exhibits especially so. Palms and other foliage plants, F-erns and the groups of plants ranged for effect in the largest marquee, the Roses and table decorations, the latter being encouraged by special prizes olTered by (he members of the Royal Family resident in the neighbourhood and by others, had brought together a considerable amount of competition. Some very beautiful Roses in pots and as cut blooms were shown by Messrs. J. Veitch & Sons, which were not excelled by any at the National Rose Society's .show at Kensington. Space does not allow of a full list of awards being given, but only the names of the Ist prize-takers in the prominent classes. Groups of plants arranged for effect, 100 square feet, Messrs. Hooper & Co., Twickenham and Covent Garden, were here the winner of the 1st prize, the Lilium auratum, Petunia Empress, Croton Morti, forming some of the most attractive plants in a very pleasing arrangement. Nine stove and greenhouse plants. — Messr'-. T. Jackson & Sm, Kingston, won the Ist prize with well bloomed Ericas, Rondeletia, Pimelea, &c., each plant being excellent in its way. Mr. F. J. Hill, gr. to H. Little, Esq., Twicken- ham, took 1st prize for Pelargoniums. Messrs. Jackson & Son were 1st for six exotic Orchids, having well bloomed examples, Cattleyas of various species, Aerides rosea, Odontoglossum vexiUarium roseum, and Saccolabium Blumei, &c. ; Messrs. F. J. Hill and Mr. H. James taking respec- tively 2d and 3d prizes. Mr. Munro, gr. to E. D. Paul, Esq., Twicken- ham, took the prize for eight Ferns, well grown, handsome plants. Mr. f. Dorset, gr. to Mrs. Welch, Westcroff, Kingston, came in 1st for nine capital Fuchsias of medium exhibition size. Pelargoniums of the zonal type were in great numbers, and were generally well done, the winner of the 1st prize being Mr. Sallow, gr. to Mrs. Flack. Messrs. Hooper & Co. took the Ist prize for a group of foliage plants (six), healthy, well grown specimens, of a useful size, the rare Kentia Lucyana being one of them. In the open Rose competition Messrs. Pau & Son, the Old Nurseries, Cheshunt, took the Ist prize for thirty-six triplets. In the amateurs' classes for twenty-four blooms, single trusses, the prizes fell respectively to Mr. Warwick, gr. to J. P. Kitchen. E-q , Hampton ; Mr. R E. West, Reigate ; and Mr. Fanning, gr. to W. Clarke, Esq., Roehampton. For twelve blooms, Mr. West and Mr. Warwick were Ist and 2d. Messrs. C. Lee & Son, Hammersmith, had a capital non-competing group of " picture trees and shrulis," amongst them being the golden and silver Horse Chestnuts, Cornus aurea elegintissima, Sambucus nigra aurea, (Juercus nigra rubra, Q. Mirbecki, Q. argentea picta, Cerasus elegantissima, a very pretty silvery variegation. Fruit. Mr. J. Coombes, gr.. Sheen House, took Ist prize for Black Hamburghs ; Mr. W. Bites, gr. to Mrs. Meek, Po*let Lodge, was Ist for Foster's Seedling; Mr. O. Hickle, gr. to W. Cunard, Esq., Twicken- ham, took the Ist prize for a small Queen Pine ; Mr. E. Lake was ist for a dish of Peaches of much merit ; and Mr. O. Hickle for Nectarines. Mr. Croker, gr. to W. Reynolds, Esq., Isleworth, was 1st for two dishes of Strawberries— good fruit of President and Sir J. Paxton. For a collection of six dishes of fruit Mr. H. Cakebread, gr. to Sir P. T. Rose, Bart., Raynors, Penn, Bucks, was 1st, his Melons, Peaches, Figs and Grapes being very good. A good many bunches of Grapes were shown, but nothing was above ordinaiy form, Mr. T. Osman being winner with both black and white varieties ; Mr. Cakebread was 2d for white soits. Vegetables. Cucumbers were in abundance, and were of great excellence, Mr. Fillsell, gr. to T. R. Greaves, Esq., Twickenham, taking Ist prize. In the ama'eur diss Mr. Stroud, of the Police Or- phanage. Twickenham, took the i>t prize for a collection of vegetables of fairly good quality,^ the C lul flowers bein^ the weakest point. Mr. C. J. W^ile, gr. to Colonel W. P. Taltjot, Esher, was Ist in the open class, most of his vegetables being of good quality, especially so the Tomatos, Artichokes, Broad Brians, and Peas. The local exhibitors came out very strongly in the vegetable classes, and the competition was conse- quently of a keen character. Dinner-table decorations, bouquets, sprays, and cut flowers generally, were in great quantities, the special and other prizes being well competed for. TWICKENHAM HORTICULTURAL: June 28. Through the action of a neighbouring society in appropriating the date usually occupied for the summer show at Twickenham, this exhibition had to be brought forward a week, and thus to some ex- tent in a late season suffered. Still farther, shows in two adjoining parishes on the two following days pre- sented o'lslacles to many exhibitors. Asa result the classes were generally thinly filled, and the show as a whole was not up to its usual mark. In one respect, however, some compensation was made, as the grand groups of cut flowers from Mr. Walker, of Whitton and Mr. W. Poupart, of Twickenham, demonstrated. Mr. Walker puts up always the finest Daffodils, and in the same way his Pofonies. Irises, both English and Spanish in great and beautiful variety, and rich orange and yellow examples ol Papaver nudi- caule, were fresh and exceedingly beautiful. Mr. Poupart showed Psonies and Irises, also moss and other Roses, crimson and various coloured Carna lions. Sweet Peas, in several striking colours, &c. Of general plant groups there were sent by Messrs. Veitch & Sons, Chelsea, a lovely lot of dwarf Roses in pots, wonderfully fresh and striking, neatly mar- gined with the telling variegated Eurya latifolia. From Messrs. Jackson & Son, Kingston, came_ a charming group of stove and greenhouse plants, in- cluding good Ericas, Ixoras, Pimeleas, and numerous good Orchids. Mr. W. Gordon, of Twickenham, sent a capital lot of plants that included many good forms of Odontoglossum Alexandra, also Tuberoses, and Liliums. Mr. R. Liing, Twickenham, had a pretty group of decorative plants, with, standing out from them, some wondrously flowered Tuberoses. Mr. Wiggins, gr. to W. Clay, Esq., Kingston, sent a very eft'ective group of seedling \arge- flowered and golden tricolor Pelargoniums, which were greatly admired. Mr. Henry Little, Twickenham, showed a fine lot of Orchids, including many fine Cattleyas ; and from Mr. W. Tayler, Hampton, came baskets of Captain Christy and Lady Mary Filzwilliam Roses, with a good lot of other blooms, including the pretty single-flowered rugosa. Mr. Bray, of Richmond, had two handsome bouquets of Roses, one white the 58 THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. [July io, 1886. other pink and crimson, with ribbon trimmings to match, Dicoralive Groufts. — In the open class the finest of these was sent up by Messrs. Hooper & Co., in that firm's superb style. Petunia Empress, a lovely soft tint, and grand Gloxinias, were prominent features in a faultless arrangement, Mr, Filsell, gr. to Mr. Greaves, next followed, with a neat arrangement. In the smaller groups the best, a very bright coloured affair, neatly arranged, came from Mr. Buckland, gr. to G. J. Atkins, Esq., Twickenham ; Mr. Bates, gr. to Mrs. Meek, Poulett Lodge, Twickenham, in whose charming grounds the show was held, took 1st place with six plants in flower, having really capital examples of AUamanda Hendersoni, Cleroden- dron Balfourianum, BougaioviUea glabra. Plumbago capensis, Sobralia macrantha, and the pretty white Trachelospermum. Messrs. Jackson & Son were 2d, having good Franciscea calycina major, Boronia elatior, and Darwinia fuchsioides, &c. The only lot of large-flowered Pelargoniums came from Mr. Hill, gr. to H. Little, Esq., tine plants of Delicatum and Nelly Fordham (fancies), and Thebais formosa, &c., large flowered. Gloxinias were good, especially the six plants from Mr. C. Garrod, gr. to J. R, Tisdale, Esq., dwarf, finely flowered, and admirably grown ; Mr. Parson, gr. to T. Twining, Esq., had the 2d best lot, really good plants also ; and the only lot of Begonias in bloom, small but admirably flowered. Fruit was moderately represented, the best Black Grapes, really good Madresfield Court, superbly finished, coming from Mr. Thomson, gr. to lilessrs. Wells, of Hounslow ; Mr. Parsons- coming next with good Hamburghs ; the best whites were good Foster's Seedling, from Mr. O. Hickle, gr. to W. Cunard, Esq., Orleans House ; and Mr. Thompson was 2d best with promising Muscats. Mr. Thompson had the best dish of Peaches in fine Gros Mignonne ; Mr. Hickle the best Nectarines in fine EIruge ; and Mr. Waite, gr. to the Hon. C. Talbot, Esher, the best Melon, in Hero of Lockynge. He was also 1st with a handsome brace of Tender and True Cucumbers, Royal Windsor coming 2d. The finest Tomatos, Ne plus Ultra, came from Mr. Hickle. Mr. Waite was an easy 1st with a fine lot of vegetables, inclusive of Snowdrop Potatos, Leviathan Beans, Early Nantes Carrots, Tele- phone Peas, good Cauliflowers, &c. Mr. Poupart sent a very fine lot of market vegetables, including Giant Cauliflowers, fine Cabbages, Turnips, Tomatos, Vegetable Marrows, &c. 'The cut flower and table decoration tent was well filled, but Roses were of moderate quality. As usual, the best box of cut Gloxinias, really beautiful blooms, came from Mr. Norwich, gr. to J. P. Kitching, Esq., Hampton. ;f!oLONIAL ]^0TE3. A HANDFUL OF NATAL TERRESTRIAL ORCHIDS. It Is well known that although South Africa does not abound in showy epiphytal Orchids, yet there are very many handsome terrestrial species in this country well worth cultivation. On looking through trade lists or scanning the pages of the Gardtmrs' Chronicle, it it rare to find aught from South Africa but Disa grandiflora or D. Herschelli. 1 shall venture to describe here a few of the best terrestrial species I know, omitting very many others which I have met with, as' not being showy they do not seem to be worth much notice for garden purposes. I must say that it is very difficult to identify with precision any Orchid here except the best known ones. I have not seen the below-quoted plates from the Botanical Magazine, &c.; all know how badly Orchids dry (for the herbarium), and there is no complete set of Dative plants properly named in town here, but I will do the best I can. Following Harvey's Genera we begin with — Eulofihia ensala, Lindley, Bot. Reg., t. 1 147. — Pseudobulbs shaped like a flattened Potato, six to eight in number, lying well below the soil. Leaves long and narrow, about i inch broad, and 18 inches long. Flower-stem i^ — 2 feet long, bearing at the top a dense cluster of from thirty to forty tube-shaped flowers, three-quarters of an inch long, of a clear bright yellow. Sepals, petals, and labellum, all much alike ; the lip has a short spur, and is covered with short hair-like teeth. This is a tall, noticeable plant, flowering through December and the first week of January. It grows amongst long grass fully exposed to the sun, at elevations of 2503 — 3000 feet on hill- sides, and also on level ground. Soil a heavy black loam, Eulophia Dregeana, Lindley, — Pseudobulbs flat- tened, conical in shape, their tops just visible above the soil. Leaves recurved, rather more than I inch broad and I foot long. Flower-stem li foot long, bearing about a dozen flowers, near 2 inches across, in a lax raceme. Sepals green, petals pale primrose- yellow or white. Lip superior, mauve-coloured, with a small spur. A very bright, handsome plant, flowering about the same time as the last species. Rather rare ; grows in peaty soil amongst rocks in moistish but open places, at an elevation of 3000 — 3500 feet. £. sp. — A very fine species I once saw, but neglected to collect, may be briefly noted. Habit of E. ensata, but the flowers are twice as large, yellow, with a deep maroon spot at the base of the lip. Lissothilus Krehii, Reichenbach fil., Bot. Mag,, t, SS6i. — Pseudobulbs conical, growing on the surlace of the soil. Leaves nearly 2 inches across, and li foot long. Flower-stem 4 to 6 feet high, bearing about fifty flowers, which are i^ to 2 inches across. Sepals light brown or deep maroon-purple. Petals golden-yellow above, cream-coloured beneath. Lip with a short spur, yellow and purple-tinted. The finest Orchid I know of, and well worth a place in the most select collection. One variety I have seen has the petals veined with purple beneath, and is probably the same variety as that described by Mr. H. N. Ridley as L. K^^ebsii var. purparata (see Gard. Chron,, July 25, 18S5, p. 102). Time of flowering from beginning of November to end of January. Our plant is by no means plentiful, it is never found growing in the open sun, but on the outskirts of the bush in partial shade at an elevation of 3000 feet. Soil, loose peat and leaf-mould. Satyrium candidttm, Lindley. — Tubers ovate, about 2 inches long. Flower-stem 12 — 15 inches high, with two large ovate leaves at the base. Flowers from fifteen to twenty, about half an inch across, snow-white, sweet-scented. The back sepal has two long slender spurs. The shape of the flower reminds one of a Gothic gargoyle. It is a pretty species, one of our earliest spring flowers. It is found growing on open hill- sides in black loamy soil amongst grass, flowering through November, at an elevation of 2500 — 3000 feet. .y. carneum, R. Brown, Bot. Mag., t. 1512. — This plant is like the foregoing in habit and locality, but it flowers about a month later, and is more robust in habit. The Rowers are rosy-carmine, and I have seen wild specimens 3 feet high ; but I must say I am not certain of the exact names of these two Satyriums, owing to reasons as above stated. Disa folygonoides, Lindley, Bot. Mag., t. 6532. — Tuber long and pointed, about 4 inches long. Leaves lanceolate. Flower-stem 2 — 4 feet high, bearing 100 — 200 small close-set flowers, varying in colour from pink to scarlet. A showy species, growing often on steep hill-sides in heavy red clay or black loam fully exposed to the sun. It continues in flower during December and January at an elevation of from 2500 — 3000 feet. D. micrantha, or what is taken for such, I have spoken of in a previous paper as found near the Polela. Disperi! Fanniniit, Harvey, Thesaurus, t, 171. — A very delicate quaint little plant. Tubers very small. Flower-stem a foot high, ,: leaves stem-clasping. Flowers 3 — 5 in number, nearly three-quarters of an inch across ; white with a purple tint. The struc- ture of the flower is very curious, in aspect it resem- bles an old-fashioned mob-cap I It grows under the shade of trees, amongst leaf-mould, at an eleva- tion of 3000 feet. Cultivation. In addition to the above Orchids I would mention a Cymbidium, possibly a terrestrial species. I have one plant, but it has not yet flowered. It has long cylindrical pseudobulbs (evidently tending to a true stem) some 2 feet long, crowned by a tuft of two- ranked leaves i foot long and i inch broad. Can this be Harvey's Cymbidium Sandersoni first de- scribed by him some thirty-five years ago, but since lost sight of? And now » word as to cultivation, of which I should not have ventured to add to Mr. Brown's remarks, were it not that he refers mostly to the Cape climate which is very nearly the reverse of ours. My know- ledge of the Cape peninsula is very limited. Twelve years ago I spent two days there, and partly ascended Table Mountain. In that region, as I understand, most rain falls between May and September in the winter. The dry season is in summer, from November to April. In Natal it is just the other way about. Our Orchids flower in the moist season from November to March, during which time they enjoy much rain and sun alter- nately. From April to October rain is scarce — > slight shower every month on the average ; but — and I wish to draw special attention to this — the soil be- neath the surface does not get dust-dry. Nearly all our Orchids, save Lissochili, delight in a heavy retentive black loam or red clay, interlaced with grass roots ; during winter the air is very clear and the dews are heavy and of course the dry grass absorbs a good deal of moisture. There is no deep secret in the cultiva- tion of terrestrial Orchids; we see Disas and Saty- riums growing alongside of Gladioli and Gazanias, and surely any one can grow the last named. Lissochili and Eulophias, from the nature of their rhizomes, have an indefinite life, but the members of the great tribe Ophrydeae seem to live but a few years. Take Disa polygonoides, for instance. The first year's seedling will be a tiny plant about 2 inches high, the second year it increases in strength, the third it flowers, the fourth a stronger spike is sent up, and then the plant 'perishes. Disas and Saty- riums, however, seed very freely, and there should be no difficulty in thus propagating them. I would advise firm potting in turfy loam with good drainage, and to meddle with them as little as possible. Keep the plants cool and moderately dry in the winter, and heat with moisture in the summer. I cannot refrain (though it has no direct bear- ing on Orchids) from speaking of the most unusual weather we have had in the past summer. March generally sees the last of the summer rains, and the final shower is usually a heavy one, but this season has been unsurpassed for very many years. On the afternoon and evening of March 7 there fell 4.20 inches of rain. A sudden flood of course fol- lowed. Our river rose 30 feet in less than six hours, and much damage was done. I regret to say the Tuberose crop has suffered much. 'Very many thousands of bulbs planted near the river were torn out of the ground, swept away, and totally lost ; those remaining were further injured by a heavy hailstorm two days after. R. IV, Adlam, Afaritzdurg, Natal. S TA TE OF THE WE A THER A T BLA CKHEA TH, LONDON, For the Week ending Wednesday, July 7, 1886. Hygrome- BABOHETKR. Temperature of THE AIR. ductions from Wind. 5 Tables 7th Q Edition- t S L i 1 Mean Reading Reduced to 33° Fahr. Departure frotD Average ot s ! i1* ill li" a n "■a lulv In. i In. j „ . 1 . 1 0 ^ „ In. 30.11 ]-(-O.J9 70.s|48.S21.o!s9.= - 3.0 48.3 67J E.S.E. 0.00 3013 -t-O3i78.5|S'.5«7.0|63.9 + 2.8 so .9 61 E. 0.00 3014 -(-0.3383.054 0 29 0 66 9 + 57 56,6 7.f E : E. N.E. 0.00 30. 1 ■ -f-0.3186.1 60.5 35.6 71.7 -t-IO.4 57-3 H W.SW. 0.00 5 30.07 -t- 0.2681.3 61.0 30.2 71.0 -^ 95 48.6 45 N.W. o.oo 6 ag.gj +a.3S4.S 53 3 29.269.3 -1- 76 55 3 61 S.S.W. 0.00 ' 39.73 3003 -(-oo8 -fO.23 86.8 S..S 59 0 55.7 37.869.3 -1- 7.5 63.4 53-9 74 63 S.S.'W. o.«, Mean 3S.8 67.3 S. 0.00 July I. — Very fine day. — 3. — Very fine, few light clouds in afternoon. — 4.— Fine day. — 5.— Very fine. — 6.— Very fine. — 7. — Very fine, few clouds in morning. London : Atmospheric Pressure. — During the week ending July 3, the reading of the barometer at the level of the sea increased from 30.02 inches at the beginning of the week, to 30.24 inches by 9 A.M. on the 28th, decreased to 30.19 inches by 5 p.m. on the same day, increased to 30.33 inches by 9 a.m. and decreased to 30.27 inches by 5 p.m. on July 1st, increased to 30.34 inches by 9 A M. on the 2nd, and was 30.30 inches by the end of the week. The mean reading of the barometer for the week JDLY 10, 1886.] THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE 59 at the level of the sea was 30.26 inches, being 0.27 inch higher than last week, 0.26 inch above the average of the week. Temperature. — The highest temperature in the shade in the week was 83°.o on July 3rd ; on the 1st the highest temperature was 7o°'S* The mean of the seven high day temperatures was 76°. o, , The lowest temperature was 4S°.5, on July 1st ; on June 30th, the lowest temperature was 54°'°- The mean of the seven low night temperatures was 52°. I. The greatest range of temperature in one day was 29°.3, on June 29th ; on the 27lh the smallest, was 18°. 3. The mean of the seven daily ranges was 23°. 9. The mean temperatures were, on the 27th, 63°. 2 ; on the 28th, 63°.7 ; on the 29tb, 65°.5 ; on the 30th, 62°.6 ; on July 1st, 59°.2 ; 00 the 2nd, 63°.9 ; and on the 3rd, 66°. 9 ; and these were all above their averages (excepting July 1st which was 2° below) by 1°, 2°.4, 4°.2, i''.4, 2°. 3 and, 5°. 7 respectively. The mean temperature of the week was 63°.4, being 5°.4 higher than last week, and 2°. I above the average of the week. The highest reading of a thermometer with black- ened bulb in vacuo placed in the full rays of the sun, was I3S°.5, on the 28th. The mean of the seven readings was 1 29°. 9. Rain, — No rain fell during the week, England : Temperature. — During the week end- ing July 3, the highest temperatures were 88". 2 at Cambridge, 85°.o at Truro, S4°.o at Sheffield and Leeds ; the highest at Liverpool was 73°. 5, at Brighton 74°.5, at Plymouth, 76°.2. The general mean was 8o°.4. The lowest temperatures were 35° at Sheffield, 4I°.3 at Cambridge, 44° at Hull; the lowest at Liverpool was 5i''.4, at Plymouth 49°. 9, at Brighton 49°. 3. The general mean was 46°. 2. The greatest ranges were 49° at Sheffield, 46°. 9 at Cambridge, 40° at Truro ; the least ranges were 22°. I at Liverpool, 25°, 2 at Brighton, 26°. 3 at Ply- mouth. The general mean was 34°. 2. The mean of the seven high day temperatures was highest at Cambridge 7S°.8, at Truro 77°.?, at Bristol 76'. I ; and was lowest at Liverpool 70^.4, at Brad- ford 7o°.6, at Brighton 7I°.2. The general mean was 74°.o. The mean of the seven low night temperatures was highest at Liverpool 55°.8, at Wolverhampton 54°.7, at Preston 54^.4 ; and was lowest at Cambridge 47''.4, at Truro 48°. 3, at Hull 49°. I. The general mean was Si'.S. The mean daily range was greatest at Sheffield 32". I, at Cambridge 31°. 4, at Truro, 29°.4 ; and was least at Liverpool I4°.6, at Bradford 18°, at Preston i8°.9. The general mean was 22^.5. The mean temperature was highest at Blackheatb 63°.4, at Wolverhampton 62°.6, at Leeds 62°. 4 ; and was lowest at Sheffield, 57°. a, at Hull s8°.8, at Bradford 59°'8. The general mean was 6o°.9. Rain. — There was no rainfall at any station during the week, excepting at Nottingham, when the amount of two days was o. 16 inch. Scotland ; Temperature. — During the week end- ing July 3, the highest temperature was 8i°.7, at Dundee, at Greenock the highest was 77°. 2. The general mean was 79°. 4. The lowest temperature in the week was 37°. 5, at Perth ; at Dundee the lowest temperature was 45°.6. The general mean was 41°. 8. The mean temperature was highest at Dundee 6l°.3, and lowest at Aberdeen 58°. The general mean was 60°. o. Rain. — Rain fell at Aberdeen to the amount of 0.16 mch. No rain fell at Glasgow, Edinburgh, Dundee, Greenock, Leitb, Paisley, or Perth. JAMES GLAISHER. F.R.S. Summary of Temperature, Rainfall, and Duration of Bright Sunshine in the United Kingdom, for agricultural and sanitary purposes, for the week ending Monday, July S, 1886, issued by the Meteorological Office, 116, Victoria Street, London, S.W. : — The weather has been cloudy and somewhat showery in the extreme north of Scotland, but fine in all other parts of the kingdom. The temperature has been above the mean in all districts, the excess varying from 1° in " Scotland, N.," and "England, E.," and 2° in "England, N.W.," to 4° in " England, N.E.," and " England, S.W.," and 5° in the "Midland Counties," and " Ireland, S." The highest of the maxima, which were generally registered on the 3d or 4th in England and on earlier dates in Ireland and Scotland, were as high as from 85° to 89° over the greater part of England, between 81° and 84° in Ireland, and 69° and 81° in Scotland. The lowest of the minima, which were registered during the earlier part of the week, ranged from 42° in " England, E.," to 49° in "England, N.E.," and to 53° in the "Channel Islands." The rainfall has been slightly more than the mean in " Scotland, N.," but in all other distrcits rain has been almost entirely absent. Bright sunshine shows a decrease in the extreme north and east of Scotland, but a very considerable increase elsewhere. The percentages of the possible amount of duration over England and the " Channel Islands " were very high, ranging from 55 in " Eng- land, N.E.," and 61 in "England, N.W.," to 77 in " England, S.," 83° in " England, S. W.," and 89° in the "Channel Islands." The highest percentages at individual stations were 89 at Jersey, 88 at Hastings, 86 at Falmouth, and 85 at Pembroke. These figures are higher than any which have been recorded since the commencement of the " Bright Sunshine " returns in April, 1880. The highest per- centages previously recorded were 83 at York, and 85 at Geldeston, for the week ending May 22, 1882, Depressions observed. — During the whole of this period the distribution of barometric pressure over our islands was anticyclonic, and the only depres- sions which appeared in our area were some large but shallow disturbances which passed in an easterly direction outside our northern coasts. The winds over the United Kingdom were consequently light and variable, but at our northern stations westerly or south-westerly breezes generally prevailed, and in the south, light easterly or north-easterly airs. Answers to Correspondents. Leaf-cutter Sawfly : L. M. The holes in your Rose-leaf are made by the larva of the Rose Sawfly (fig. 13). which builds its nest of the fragments, and retires into retreat into the case so formed, till it alters its form, and changes its mind, and issues as a perfect insect. Double Lily : y. .S. W. Many thanks. Please mark the plant and report on its behaviour next year. The specimen was not in fit condition for determination when we saw it. Errata : Liverpool Show Report .-—Class 76, instead of ■ ■ R. B. Laird & Sons, ist, and Cocker & Sons, Aberdeen, 2d," read " ist, Messrs. Cocker & Sons, Aberdeen ; and 2d, Messrs. R. B. Laird, Edinburgh." Implement class : hand-mowing machine : — The Silver Medal, given to Messrs. Chadborn & Coldwell for their exhibit, was of equal value to that given to Messrs. Harford & Perkins, these latter gentlemen objecting to the use of the definite article. Messrs. \. Carter & Co., 237 and 238, High Holborn, London, showed a collection of hardy annuals raised from seed, and were awarded a Silver Banksian Medal. Flora oi- Algiers : Miss O. Munby's Catalogue, pubhshed by Taylor & Francis. Flora of France : Miss H. Gillet et Magne, Flore de France. Fqxglove : Mi^s S. Your plant is distorted by fascia- lion, caused probably in this case by some injury in a very early stage ot growth. Names of Largest English Growers of To- matos. Cucumbers, and Mushrooms for Market : H. T. We do not know who are the largest growers. Names of Plants : H. R. Grape, white, Mrs. Pearson ; Jasrainum Sambac fl.-pl. — Collins 6* Co. Campanula puraila. — P. y. I. I, Lolium perenne ; 2, Festuca pratensis ; 3, Arrhenatherum avenaceura with smut (Puccinia) ; 4, Festuca pratensis var. elatior ; 5, Festuca ovina ; 6, Bromiis erectus. — H. S., Guernsey, i, Galium mollugo ; 2, Heracleum sphondylium ; 3, Senecio Jacobaea ; 4, Chrysanthemum Leucanthe- mum : 5, Scrophularia nodosa ; 6, Funiaria capreolata ; 7, Lychnis dioica ; 8, Achillea Millefolium ; 9. Silene inflata ; 10, Lotus corniculatus ; ri. Cotyledon um- bilicus ; 12, Caucalis Anthriscus ; 13, Vicia sativa. Another time send six specimens only. — W. C. B. r, Eccremocarpus scaber ; 2, Geranium platypeta- lum ; 3, Jasminum revolutum ; 4, Santolina incana. — F. C. I, Lepidium sativum ; 2, Leontodon autum- nalis ; 3, Medicago lupulina ; 4, Deutzia scabra ; 5, Leontodon hirtus ; 6, Crepis biennis. — F. C. C. D. Fuchsia procumbens. — T. K. Ingram, i, Dolicho- deira tubiflora ; 2, Peperomia reseditlora ; 3, Scilla peruviana ; 4, Francoa ramosa ; 5, Rivina Isevis ; 6, not in a fit state to name.— C H. P. Eloeagnus longipes. The fruit of some varieties of this are said to be of good flavour, but your fruit is too rough- tasted to be eaten raw ; it may perhaps make good jam or tarts. — W. S. Barkeria elegans. Petunias : J. C. &• Co. Your complaint should be addressed to your German correspondents, and if they decline to furnish a satisfactory explanation then we might publish your protest. Red Sycamore: A. V. Z. The red-fruited form of the common Sycamore, Acer Pseudo-Platanus variety erythrocarpa. The Best Colonies for a Florist and Gar- dener : Constant Subscriber. Those that have been the longest settled, and where wealth abounds, viz., the large towns and cities of Canada and Australia. In the latter you would have to compete with the frugal and laborious Chinaman ; and in the former with a winter of six months' duration. Flower grow- ing would pay better than vegetable culture. Assisted passages are not given to gardeners. Visit the Colonial Exhibition, read the Catalogues, and decide for your- self. Wilson Junior Blackberry : V. C. b" Co. The best plan will be to exhibit specimens before the Fruit Committee at its next meeting. Wireworm and Cresylline.— If W. Birt will for- ward his address to us, we could pubhsh his letter on the above subject. CATALOGUES RECEIVED. Peter Van Velsen & Sons, Hontvaart, Overveen, Haarlem — Dutch Flower Roots, Rovelli Brothers, Pallanza, Italy— General Cata- logue. Thos. Methven&Son.s, 15, Princes' Street, Edinburgh — Dutch Flower Roots. Friedr. Roemer, Quedlinburg, Germany— Flower and Vegetable Seeds. Communications REceivaD:— W. K. W. C-J. J. W.— G. H. W. -T. W.— A. G.— J. G —J. S. Whall— A. W.- J. McL. — Eucharis (we cannot notice anonymous letters). — Compagnie Continentale (enclosure). — 1'. C H. — L. L. — E. & B.— las. Backhouse & Son, -A. M.— T. B.— P. S.— G. H. H.-J. D -F. M.-W. B., Elvaston.— J. Kelly.— •yV. K.— J, H, C.-J. G.— H. Drake (no space for your report). — F. S. — Messenger & Co. — Professor Reichenbach. —J. F.— J. R. J.-C. T. D.-W. S.— A D. W.— W. Marshall.- W. 'W.-E. J. Canning.-F. S. G.— J. C— A. Kershaw. ©ijitttatfi. Mr. William Serjesson. — This gentleman died at Trafford Park, Manchester, on June 25, in bis eighty-second year. He had held the position of Head Gardener to Sir Humphrey and Lady de Trafford since 1849. Though an invalid for eight years, he was, through the kindness of Lady de Trafford, allowed to retain his position up to the time of his death. He was buried at St. Ann's Church, Baxter*on-Irwell. larKets, C0VEN7 GARDEN, July 8. Markets very heavy, with business dull, yames Webber, Wkolesale Apple Afarket. Vegetables.— AvKR AGS Retail Prices. s.d. s.d. ' ' Artichokes, perdoz.. 40-.. Asparagus, Eng,, 100 20-50 — French, bundle 26-.. Beans, Kidney, lb... 10-.. Beet, red, per dozen 10-20 Carrots, per bunch . . 06- . . Cauliflowers, per doz. 30-.. Celery, per bundle.. 16-20 Colcworts.doz. bunch 80-.. Cucumbers, each ..06-10 Endive, per dozen . . 10-20 Herbs, per bunch .. 04- .. Leeks, per bunch .. 03- ,. lettuce, per dozen., 10-16 PoTATOS :— Best Kidney Mint, green, bunch o 4- Mushrooms, punnet i 6- MustardandCress.do.o 4- Onions, per bushel.. 4 o- Parsley, dozen bunch 2 o- Potatos, per cwt. ..40-; ,, kidney, per cwt 4 o~ i Shallots, per pound. . o 3- < Spinach, per bushel 3 6- Sprue Asparagus, per Tomatos, per lb. ..16- Turnips, bunch ..06- Veget. Mar., each., o 6- , 7J. ; Rounds, 5s. per cwt 6o THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE [July io, i8 Fruit. — Average Wholesale Prices. Currants i^-sie- Figs, per dozen Grapes, per lb. Lemons, per cas Peaches, per dozen ... 2 o-ti ne-apples, Eng., lb, 2 o- - St. Micnael, each 2 6- 1 I 0-36 o I Strawberries, per lb. 06- Plamts in Pots. — Average Wholesale Prices. s. d. s. d. Aralia Sieboldi, doz. 9 0-18 o Bedding Plants, vari- Begonias, per dozen 6 0-12 o Bouvardias, doz .. 12 0-18 o Calceolarias, pei doz. 50-80 Cyperus, per dozen.. 4 0-12 o Draciena terminalis, per dozen .. ..30 0-60 o — viridis, per doz. . 12 0-24 o Ericas, various, doz. 12 0-24 o Euonymus, in var., per dozen .. ..6 0-18 o Everp-eens, in var., per dozen .. ,.6 0-24 0 Ficus elastica each.. 16-70 Ferns, in var., dozen 4 0-18 o r. d. s. d 30-9. Foliage Plants, va Fuchsia's, dozen Hydrangeas, doz. Lobelias, per doz Marguerite Daisy, per dozen .. ..8 0-12 1 Mignonette, per doz, 4 o- 6 ( Musk, per dozen ., 2 o- 4 < Myrtles, per dozen. . 6 0-12 ( Nasturtiums, dozen 30-6) Palms in var., each 2 6-21 < Pelargoniums, doz. 6 0-15 1 — scarlet, per doz. 30-61 Cut Flowers. — Average Wholesale Prices. ArumLilles, I2blms. , Bouvardias, per bun. < Campanulas, 12 bun. , Carnations, 12 bims. ] Cornflowers, 12 bun. : Daisie^i, common, 12 bunches .. .. : Delphiniums, 12 bun. ; Eucharis, per dozen , Forge t-me-Noc, or Pansies. 12 bunches PcEonies, 12 blooms.. Pelargoniums, per 12 . 9- ] Pinks, var, 12 bu Pyrethrums, 12 bu Rhodanthes, 12 bii Roses, Tea, per dc — red, per dozen ..20- — outdoor, ,2 bun. 3 o — MobS, 12 bun... 2 » Spirjeas, 12 bunches 6 o Stephanotis, iz spys. i 6 Sweet Sultan, i2l3un. 3 o- TropeEolums, 12 bun. 1 o Tuberoses, 12 blms.. o 4 9- : SEEDS. London ; June 30.— Messrs. John Shaw & Sons, Seed Merchants, 37, Mark Lane, E C, write that the seed market to-day was most thinly attended, with scarcely any transactions passing. The samples of new French Trifolium now coming to hand show fair quality, but the prices asked for same are still considered to be too high. In Clover seeds for the moment no business is taking place. There is no variation in Rape or mustard. Hemp and Canary sell slowly at previous rates. The inquiry for blue Peas continues, and the finest samples have consequently become e.\hausted. There is no alteration in other articles. FRUITS AND VEGETABLES. Columbia (East London) : July 7.— Plentiful sup- plies of all kinds with a good demand at following rates : —Gooseberries, 2i. grf. to 3r. ^d. pet sieve; English Strawberries, 5^. 6d. to 6r. 61. per peck ; Peas, 21. 6d. to 31. per sieve ; Cabbages, 71. 6d. to gs. per tally ; Radishes, 51. to 6j. do ; Lettuces, 6d. to lod. per score ; bunch spring Onions, 61. to -js. per dozen ; do. Greens, 51. to 6r. do. ; do. Carrots, 4i. to y. do. ; Turnips, 31. to 41. do.; do. Mint, -zs. do. ; do. Parsley' 21. to 31. do. Stratford : July 6.— Supplies have been good, and a fair trade has been done at the following prices ■ Cabbages, 3^. to %s. per tally ; Greens, 21. 6d. per dozen Turnips, 2s. per dozen bunches ; Carrots, household 31. do. ; Onions, spring, 4;. jto 51. do.; green Peas 41. bd. to S!- bi. per bag ; Gooseberries, ij. to ij. bd. per sieve ; Cherries, English, 41. 6d. to %s. per basket Strawberries, 31. 6d. to 5^. per peck ; black Currants 4t. e>d. to 6j. per sieve ; red do., y. bd. to 41 do Cucumbers, ij. ^d. to u. gd. per dozen. POTATOS. Borough and Spitalfields : July 6 —For old Potatos there is now very little inquiry. New Potatos come on offer more freely, and meet a quiet demand. Quotations :— Jersey and French kidneys, 6s to 7/ • Malta rounds, 51, to 6j, ; Lisbon, ditto, is. 61. to cj' 6d. per cwt. Columbia (East London) : July 7.— Quotations • — New : Jersey kidneys, 6s. 6d. to 71. 6d. ; do. rounds, St.; St. Malo kidneys, 6j. ; do. rounds, 4^. to 41, 61 ■ Cherbourg kidneys, 6r. 6d. ; do. rounds, 4s. to 41. 6d. per cwt. Old : Champions, 50J. to 60s.; Magnums, 'iv. to 80s. per ton. Stratford : yufy 6.— Quotations :— New : Kidneys, 130S. to 140J. ; do. rounds, 70-t. to got. per ton. Imports,— T'nit imports into London last week con- sisted of 3881 cases 47S bo.xes Cherbourg, 2547 packages Jersey, 432 packages St, Nazaire, 77 boxes Cadiz, 56 boxes Harfieur, 218 cases Bordeaux, 129 bags ii cases Malta. HAY. Stratford : July 6. — Quotations :— Hay, Soj. to 90J. ; Clover, 90J. to iioi. ; and straw, 30J. to 365. per load. OOTemment Stock.— Consols closed on Monday at loij to ioi3 for delivery, and 101,=, to loi-'- for the account. Tuesday's and Wednesday's final prices were loiy,, to loi^ for delivery, and \o\\ to 1018 for the account. Thursday's latest quotations were ioi2 to loij for both delivery and the account. IMPORTANT TO GARDENERS, FRANCIS & CO, SUPPLY:- I.— Garden Syringes of all kinds. 2. — Indiarubber Delivery and Suction Hose. 3.— Galvanised Wire Nettmg. 4.— Indiarubber Door and Carriage Mais. 5 — Gutta-percha Goods. 6. — Superior Waterproof Garmenls. 7.— Barometers. Thermometers, and Rain Gauges. 8. — Prepared Chloride of Ammonii for destroyuig Inse 9 — Telecraph Instruments. -InsuUted and Galv.-»niscd Iron Wires. -Medical and other Batteries. -Lightning Conductors. -Elei elh. -Fire and Burglar Alarms. -Speaking I'ubes. -Adjustable Electric Thermometers. -Distinfecting Fluids, Special. -Francis & Co.'s Insect Destroyer. -Garden Tools of every description. 20. — Quotations for every requisite. ADJUSTABLE ELECTRIC THERMOMETERS For GREEN ^OUSES, VINERIES, CONSERVATORIES, FORCING PITS, INCUBATORS, and for FIRE. TESTIMONIALS. " Your Thermometers are nmv in all the Sheds, and to you are we indebted for uniformly itrong and healthy Plants," "last night your Electric Tell-tale saved what is probably the finest house of Vines in the Kingdom." " Your Electric Thermometer is a mighty good thing, and no Wine Grower should be without them. Timely notice of approaching frost means the saving of perhaps a whole crop," THE ADJUSTABLE ELECTRIC THERMOMETER Is so applied, that when the temperature either rises above or falls helow the degree at which it may be set. a bell is sounded or other signal given at however great a distance. Any number of Thermometers may be employed with the same Bell, so tliat every point can be under thorough protection at COMPARATIVELY TRIFLING EXPENSE. FRANCIS AND CO.'S Thermometers are largely employed by Wine Growers in the open as well as under Glass, and are most valuable for Conservatories, Green- houses, Forcing Pits, Hospital Wards, and in the process of Incubation. Used throughout the Ostrich Farm3 of South Africa. ADJUSTABLE ELECTRIC THERMOMETERS Also form the most perfect PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE, the ever ready Alarm signalling the very first outbreak instantly. Readily applied. Fitted wltli ease and certainty. PRICES, Large Bell, Wire. Pusb. aod Battery, com- £ s. d. plete for any communication .. ..150 Ordinary Thermometers, from— eacli ..010 Registering 0 16 Insulated Wire, Galvanised Wireandlnsulatorsas desired. Bells. Batteries, Thermometers, &c., separate if required. ALSO ELECTRIC FIRE ALARMS, and ELECTRIC HOUSE BELLS, As supplied to the Government Offices and Railway Companies. ALL GOODS GUAHANTEED. The £^ set delivered, carriage paid, at nearest Railway Station. FRANCIS & CO., Telegraph Engineers and Government Contractors, EAGLE TELEGRAPH WORKS, HATTON GARDEN LONDON, E.G. SEND for CATALOGUE. Oil Paint no Longer Necessary. HILL AND SMITH'S BLACK VARNISH, for Preserving Ironwork, Wood, or Stone. This VARNISH is an excellent substitute for oil paint or any outdoor work, while it is fully two-thirds cheaper. It was introduced upwards of forty years ago by the Advertisers, and its genuine good quality, notwithstanding a host of unprincipled imitators, is fully attested by its constantly increasing sale. It may be applied by an ordinary labourer, requiring no mixing or thinning, and is used cold. It is used in the grounds at Windsor Castle, Kew Gardens, and at the seats of most of the Nobility and Gentry, from whom the most flattering testimonials have been received. Sold in Casks of about 30 gallons each, at u. ^d. per gallon, at the Manufactory, or ij. %d, per gallon carriage paid to any Sution in the Kingdom. UNSOLICITED TESTIMONIAL. From Alfred Lowe, Esq, The Ryieyi, AUerley Lodge. "Some twenty years ago I used jour Black Varnish, and sh;iil be glad if you will forward me a cask, as I consider it the best thing known for the preservation of all outdoor work, eilher wocd or iron, that requires to be piinled." CAUTION.— Hill & Smith would particularly warn their Customers agaiust the various cheap Varnishes now so much advertised. Every cask is legibly marked with their name and Registered Trade Mark as above, without which none is genuine. Large Illustrated CATALOGUE on Fencing, Hurdles, Field and Entrance Gates, &c., sent free on application to HILL & SMITH, Brierly Hill Ironworks, near Dudley; X18, Queea Victoria Street. Loodon. E.G. ; and n6, Stephen's Green, Dublin. DOULTON & WATTS, LAMBETH POTTERY, LONDON, S.E. VASES, PEDESTALS, FOUNTAINS, GARDEN EDaiNGS, &o., imperishable"'terra cotta. Tiles tor Lining Walls of Conservatories. ART POTTERY, including JARDINIERES Table Decorations, and Vases, Fountains, &o , for the Conservatory, In DOULTON WARE, LAMBETH FAIENCE, AND THE NEW SILICON WARE. Show Rooms, Albert Embankment, S.E. Boslier's Garden Edging Tiles. THE ABOVE and many other PATTERNS are made in materials of great durability. The plainer sorts are specially suited for KITCHEN GARDENS, as they har- bour no Slu^s or Insects, take up little room, and, further labour ( as do "^own" Edgings, consequ GARDEN VASES, FOUNTAINS, &c., in Artificial Stine, very durable and of superior finish, and m great variety of design F. KOSHER AND CO., Manufacturers, Upper Ground Street, Blackfriars. S.E. ; King's Road, Chelsea, S.W. ; Kingsland Road. E. Agents for LOOKER'S PATENT "ACME" FRAMES, PLANT COVERS, and PROPAGATING BOXES : also for FOXLEY'S PATENT BEADED GARDEN WALL BRICKS. Illustrated Price LISTS Free by Post. The Trade suppUed. ORNAMENTAL PAVING TILES, for Conservatories, Halls, Corridors, Balconies, &c., from 3i. per square yard upwards. Pattern Sheet of Plain or more elaborate Design, with Prices, sent for selection. WHITE GLAZED TILES, for Linmg Walls of Dairies, Larders, Kitchen Ranges, Baths, ic. Grooved and other Stable Paving of great durability. Wall Copings, Drain Pipes and 'Tiles of all kinds. Roofing Tiles in ^eat variety. Slates, Cement, &c F. ROSHER AND CO., Brick and Tile Merchants. See Addresses above. SILVER SAND, fine or coarse grain as desired. Price, by post, per Ton or Truckload, on Wharf in London, or delivered direct from Pits to any Railway Station. Samples of Sand free by post. FLINTS and BRICK BURRS for Rockeries or Ferneries. KENT PEATS or LOAM supplied at lowest rates in any quantities. F. ROSHER AND CO.— Addresses see above. N.B.— Orders promptly executed by Rail or to Wharves. A liberal Oiscount to the Trade. July 10, 1886.] THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. 61 GARDEN HOSE. HOSE and REELS, | GARDEN ROLLERS, WATER BARK0W5, PLANT TKUCKS, GARDEN ENGINES, | WHEELBARROWS. TUBE WELLS and WATER PIPES ROSERIES, I HANGING BASKETS, ROSE FENCING. WIRE WORK SCREENS, GARDEN ARCHES, WIRE TRELLIS. &c R. H O LLI DAY, HORTICULTURAL IRON and WIRE WORKS. BEAUFORT STREET, CHELSEA, S.W. HY. VAN & CO. (The Oldest LondoD Hou.e in the Tiade, Estd. 1780), 17, Tooley Street, London Bridge, S.E. Ilusiii .1 c 1 \i OL,l L I ( A« PROTECTION FOR FRUIT AVD FLOWERS. GARDEN NETTING 2 yirds wide, I'ji/ or ner 100 yards, 10s. : diLto. 4 yards wide, id., or per 10:1 yards, i~is, SCRIM CANVAS, I yard wide. 3^. ; ij^ yard, \]/id. ; and 2 yards, 6rf. per yard. TIFFANY, 33 inches wide, in 20 yard pieces, y. 6d. per piece. SHADING BLINDS made up any size. KICK CLOTHS. TAkFAULlNS, Corn and Potato SACKS. FLAGS, TENTS. &c.. for Sale or Hire. TH OM AS'S GALVANISED WIRE NETTING. Rsduccd Prices fer Rati of 50 Yards. ^^.^^.^i^^^mj" J5 2 ft 3 ft. 4 ft. Q Mesh. wide. J d wide. Wide. ilM" h" ^?>SfflBK K 3-in. 3 9 6 8 7 6 iir-"io«ii J 2-in 5 4 8 0 10 8 |K-:OTii J 15-in 6 6 9 9 13 0 1 1-m, 10 0 15 0 20 0 STEEL BARB 2 WIRE. 100 yard Reels .. 7s. Od. 260 „ „ Vz cwt..l33. 9d. 530 „ ,, I c*t.. 279. 6d, Sj>eciai Quotations /or large quantities. ;nt. Discount for Cabh with Order. 5 per < J. J. THOMAS & CO., 87. QUEEN VICTORIA STREET, E.G. : 28s and 362, EDGWARE ROAD, LONDON, W. RADE ONLY. —JOHN SHAW and CO. 30 and 3t, Oxford Street, Manchester, Manu- facturers ot Tiffany, Netting, and all other Shading and Protecting Materials. No. i TIFFANY, 20 yards long, 38 inche-; wide, in not less than 10 pieces, is. each. No. z TIFFANY, 20 yards long, 38 inches wide, mineralised, in not less th^n 10 pieces, us. ^d. each. Cash with order. Price Lists on apiUcaiton Special prices for large qtianiiiies. 21-OZ Foreign of the above sues in 100 and 200 feet boxes, 3ds and 4ths qualities always kept in stock. A large stock of similar current sizes of 15-OZ. glass io aoo feet boxes. Propagating and Cucumber Glasses, and all Miscellaneous Glass Articles, can be obtained from GEORGE FARMILOE A SONS, GLASS, LEAD, OIL and COLOUR MERCHANTS. 34, St. Jolm'B Street, West Smltlifleld, London, E.C Stock List and Prices on application. Quote Chronicle., W. H. LASCELLES & CO., HORTICULTURAL BUILDERS, 121, BUNHILL ROW, LONDON, E.O. W H LASCELLES and CO w II give Esti nates (or every desciipuon of HORTICULTURAL WORK., free o( charge, and send competent assistants when necessary. LASCELLES' NEW ROCKWORK material in various colours. Samples can be seen and prices obtained at I2r, Bunhill Row, and 35. Poultry, Cheapside, E.C. Illustrated Lists of Wooden buildings. Greenhouses, and Conservatories, and Concrete Slabs for Walls, Paths, and Stages, sent pcst-(ree on application. BOTJIiTON & PATJL, NORWICH. No. 74 —Three quarter Span-roof Garden Frame. C^sh Prices-Carnage Paid. Price. Pjclting Ci.se. 8 (eet long .. 5 feet wide .. £4 12 6 .. 5J. j Allowed in 12 feet long .. 6feet wide .. 650.. tsA full if re-d. 16 feet long .. 6 fett wide .. 800.. 71. ( car. paid. These Frames are 13 inches high in frtnt, 24 inches high at the hack, and 31 inches at the ridge. Front or back lights turn over- Set-opes are provided for ventilat>ng. All painted lour coats of best oil colour. The hghts are glazed with 21-oz. English glass. Carriage paid to most Railway iitatiLOs In England and Wales Greenhouses suitable fcr Villas. Small Country Hou-e?, &c. Send for c mplete CATALOGUE, free on application. PORTABLE PLANT FRAMES. The above are without Frame for Plant Growing, possess one. The sashes t the boxes are put together with wedges, and 1 England, ready glazed and painted 6 leet long, 4 feet wide, packing cases fr 12 feet long, 4 feet wide, ,, ,, ■ 6 feet long, 5 feet wide, ,, ,, , 12 feet long, 5 feet wide, ,, ** . ' The glass is nailed and puttied the other, and be taken apart iage paid to any station R. HALLIDAY & CO., Hothouse Builders and Engineers, ROYAL HORTICULTURAL WORKS, MIDDLETON, MANCHESTER. KELETON HANDLIGHTS, to hold Glass or Slates (or Wire Netting for Veniilation and Protection from Rabbits. Fowls. &c.) ; either can be exchanged in a few minules. The Glass, Slates, or Wire Netting, is secured by Patent Adjustable Clips. They are equally efficient as Handlights or on a Frame ; can be made any length, with or without Frames. A Light 5 feet long. 2 feet wide in clear, with- out Glass, Sc , los. : with Glass, or Slates or Wire Netting. 15s. Patentee. J. GODDARD. F.R.H.S., 13, Radipole Road. Fulham. London, S.W. %LASSHeUSES&»EATING: ^^ B.W.WA-R«U;RST ANTHRACITE SMOKELESS COAL. The Gwaun-Cae-Gurwen Colliery Co. (Ld ), (la e Richard Morgan & Sons). Established Half a Century. The largest producers of Anthracite Ccal in the Un'ted King- dom, supply the purest Anthracit.; for Horticultural purpose-. COLLIERY OFFICE :-LLANELLY, SOUTH WALES. London Offices and Depot. 3, Mileage Station, Paddlngton, W.— The G. C. G, Co will be pleased to luroi h on application the names of Coal Merchants from whom their Coal can be obtained, as inferior Anthracite is often sold as theirs to new buyers. References permitted to some of the Erst Horticulturists in the country. LONDON-MADE HOSE and FITTINGS SHAND, MASON k CO.'S NEW RED RUBBER iwlMlTiK . Mineralized ANTiMONiALJI s made of Pure Rubber, by a Special Process. It does m :rack or peel as ordinary Vulcanised Indiarubber Hose, ar s of great durability. One quality only is made, which guaranteed to stand 300 lb. to the iquare inch. The fittings are ol'Gun-metal, ot ihe most improved patten Lnd carefully and strongly made in a similar manner to iho; ntended for Fire Brigade use. SHAND. MASON & CO., 79, Upper Ground Street, Black&iars Road, London. The Original and only Genuine Trentham Riveted Boiler. Recently Improved and Reduced in Price. Also Makers of all other kinds of Boilers for Heating. HOT-WATER PIPES AND FITIINGi of every description for Heating Apparatus. THE LARGEST STOCK IN THE KINGDOM. HIGH and LOW PRESSURE and HlJT-Alk HLAllNG APPARATUS ERECTED and GUARANTEED. FRED. SILVESTER, Castle Hill Foundry, Newcastle, Staffordshire. GOLD MEDAL AWARDED from the International Exhibition, 1885, to WOOD & CO., for their PATENT SLOW COM- BUSTION TUBULAR BOILERS for GREENBOUSES. r>iie Lists free. T. WOOD, Hot-water Engineer, RUDGEWAY HOUSE, E.ASTVILLE. BRISTOL. Agents Wanted to sell Wood's Boilers. LAGSTONE EDGING for Kitchen Gardens, or Walks under Trees. Prices, id., lad., and ir. per yard run. The GREAT SLEAD QUARRY, Brighouse, Yorks. BOULTON & PAUL^ MANUFACTURERS, NORWICH. Garden Engine and Water Barrow combined —This im- plement is specially F lited for ibe ^^^*S5. Y'^'V Cash Prici f ^m ^^ (carnage paid)— \ % J 5 gal size £,1 ISJ. fc,\ery requisite fur ll 62 THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. July io, 1886, THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. SCALE OF CHARGES FOR ADVERTISING. Htad Lint chargid ... 0 -? 6 16 ..0 9 0 6 .. ... 0 4 0 17 ..09 6 7 „ ... 0 4 6 18 „ .. 0 10 0 8 » ... 0 S 0 19 „ .. 0 10 6 9 ,, ... 0 S 6 20 „ .. 0 II 0 10 „ ... 0 6 0 21 ..on 6 11 » ... 0 6 6 22 ., 0 12 0 12 " ... 0 7 0 23 „ .. 0 12 6 13 „ ... 0 7 6 24 .. 0 13 0 14 „ ... 0 8 0 26 II .. 0 13 6 A ND SIXPKNCE fOK EV ERY ADDITIONAL LINE. II le across columns, the lowest charjre will be 301. Page _ _ ..l9 o 0 Half Page „ _ _ S 0 o Column ■ ■ 3 5 0 OARDENERS, and OTHERS. WANTINa SITUATIONS. a6 words i$. fid., and (>d. for every additional line (about 9 words) or part of a line. THESE ADVERTISEMENTS MUST BE PREPAID. IMPORTANT NOTICE. —Advertisers art cautioned against having Letters addressed to Initials at Post-o^ces, as Births, Deaths and Marriages, is. each i Advertisements for the current week must reach the Office by Thursday noon. All SubscrlptloQS FayaUe In Advance. The United Kingdom : 12 Months, £1 3s. lOd. ; 6 Months, 11a. lid. ; 3 Mouths, 6s. Foreign (excepting India and China) : includine Postase, £1 6s. for 12 Months ; India and China, £1 8a. 2d. Post-office Orders to be made payable at 42, DRURY LANE, W.C, to W. Richards. Publishing Office and Office for Advertisements, 41, Wellington Street, Strand, London, W.C. INVENTORIES GOLD MEDAL. The only one awarded Jor English Watches! It BENSON'S (NEW PATENT, No. 4658) •'LUDGATE" WATCH. SILVER, .^fa^isv, GOLD, £5 5s. ,^^^^^^£12 12s. The "Ludgate Watch" Is an English Lever for Rough Wear, of my BEST LONDON MAKE. "Special Strength" Three-quarter Plate Movement- yewelUd throughout in rubies — true Chrotwmeter balance — adjuittd for extremes of temperature ivith damp and dust- Proo/ patent rin^-band, and extended barrel — massive dotne cases, crystal glass. IVmds, set hands and opens at back. An Illustrated and Priced BOOk, explaining the advanUges of this Watch, sent, Post-free on appticatioa to J. W. BENSON, Watchmaker to the Queen. THE STEAM FACTORY, Lndgate Hill, E.C. : 28, Royal Excbange, E.C.; And 25, Old Bond Street, W., London. Established 1749. Accidents of Dally Life Insured against by tbe RAILWAY PASSENGERS' ASSURANCE COMPANY (Established 1849), 64, Cornhill, London. Capital £1.000.000. Income £246,000. Compensation paid for 112,000 Accidents, ^^2,215,000. Chairman, Harvie M. FARt.;uHAR, Esq. Apply to the Clerks at the Railway Stations, the Local Agents, or West-end Office :— 8, Grand Hotel Buildings, W.C ' er at the Head Office ■,—6^, Cornhill, London, E.C. WILLIAM J. VIAN, Secretary. THE SYDNEY MAIL NEW SOUTH WALES ADVERTISER. CONTENTS .■— INTERCOLONIAL and GENERAL NEWS. SPORTING and the FIELD, in which is incorporated BELL'S LIFE in SYDNEY. RECORD o|- RACES, and NOTES on the TURF. CRICKET and AQUATICS. THE FLORA of AUSTRALIA. (Drawn and engraved especially for this Journal.) NATURAL HISTORY. (Original Articles.) AGRICULTURE, PASTORAL, HORTICULTURE. GOLD FIELDS and MINING generally. STOCK and SHARE REPORTS ORIGINAL and SCIENTIFIC ARTICLES TALES by POPULAR ENGLISH and AUSTRA- LIAN AUTHORS. THE FASHIONS. DOMESTIC ECONOMY. INDOOR AMUSEMENTS. THE CHESS PLAYER. THE HOME CIRCLE. COMMERCIAL NEWS. SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE. The SYDNEY MAIL has a wide circulation thi Australian Colonies, New Zealand. Polynesia, &c. a large amount of information on a great variety of subj Subscription in Advance, £1 6s. per A""'"" Single Copies, 6d. ; Stan.ped, yd. Publishing Office— Hunter Street, Sydney, New South Wales ENGLAND. The undermentioned Newspaper and Advertising Agents arc authorised to receive ADVERTISEMENTS lor the SYD- NEY MORNING HERALD and SYDNEY MAIL:— London Messrs. Geo. Street & Co. , 30, Cornhill, E. C Mr. F. Algar. 8, Clement's Lane, Lombard Street, E.C. Messrs. Gordon & Gotch, St. Bride Street, Fleet Street, E.C. Messrs. W. H. Smith & Son. 1S6. Strand. Bristol James & Henry Grace, Royal Insurance Buildings. Manchkster.. James & Henry Grace, 73, Market Street. Edinburgh Robertson & Scott, 13, Hanover Street. Glasgow W. Porteous & Co., 15, Royal Exchange Place. ^g" Copies of each Journal are filea at the above Offices for the use of Advertisers. THE TROPICAL AGRICULTURIST, A MONTHLY RECORD OF INFORMATION FOR PLANTERS OJ Tea, Cacoa, Cinchona, Coffee, Indiaruhber, Sugar, Palms, Cotton, Cardamoms, Kola, Coca, Cinnamon, Nutmegs, Fibrous Plants, atid other Products suited /or Cultivation in the Tropics. Published at Obser^-er Office. Colombo, Ceylon, on or about the 1st of each Month. Commenced in June, i83i.] The large circulation in Ceylon, Southern andevtn d and Northern India, the Straits Settlements, Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Northern Australia, Queensland, Central America, Natal, Mauritius, and the West Indies From all sub-tropical planting settlements we have had cordial approval of the publication and an encouraging measure of support. The English, Indian, and Colonial Press have spoUen in commenda- tory terms of the T. A., as also Directors of Public Gardens from Sir Joseph Hooker, F.R.S.. downwards, and so have all Planters. ^^ -^^ Planter should be without it. Rates of Subscription, Including Postage, In advance : £1 sterling. Rupees 12. Dollars 5. Single Copies, ■2s., or Ri ; Back Copies, 31., or R1.50. Any one of the Four Volumes completed (1881-2, 1882-3, 1883-4, 1884-5), bound in cloth, lettered, with Comprehensive Index, for i,i los. (or R18), carriage prepaid. THE TROPICAL AGRICULTURIST. As a medium for English, American, and Australian ADVERTISEMENTS of goods suitable for the tropics, India as well as Ceylon, the Straits SettlemenU, Java, and West Indies (Central America being included in that term), or connected with agriculture, the Ttopical .Agricuiiurist stands unrivalled, the wurk being constantly in the hands of Native as well as European and American Agriculturists. Being a Monthly Periodical the Tropical Agriculturist lies on the table and is very often referred to during each month, a fact which Advertisers will know how to appreciate. Mr. W. T. Thiselton Dvek, F.L.S., C.M.G., Director of Kew Gardens, writing of the T. yl., refers to it as " an astonishing repertory of everything relating to the Economic Botany of the East.'* ^^ For the Sale of Plants, Seeds. Machinery, Implements, &c., used in Tropical (Tea, Sugar, Fibres, &c.) Agriculture, no better Advertising Medium exists. Rates for Advertisements :— [Nine Words to a Line]. Twelve Lines and under, per Line .. .. 9*/. (8 annas) About Twelve Lines „ . . . . 8«/. (7 annas) Uuarter Page (once) .. 17.^. Rio) 5 per Cent, off Half „ „ ../i 8j. R17 /-for each additional Whole ., ., ..£2 OS. Ra^i insertion. fi^^ For long contracts special reductions. Communications respecting Advertisements and Subscriptions for the " Tropical Agriculturist " may be addressed to A. M. AND J. FERGUSON, Colombo. J. HADDON AND CO., 3, Bouverie Street, London, E.C. G. STREET AND CO., 30, Cornhill, London, E.C. Or Agenu in all parts of the World. Works for the Possessors of Gardens. HIGH-CLASS KITCHEN GARDENING. A Handy Manual for the Improved Cultivation of all Vegetables. By William Eaklev, Author of " How to Grow Mushrooms." "How to Grow Asparagus," &c., &c. Crown 8vo, with Coloured Frontispiece. Price 45. 6d. MRS LOUDON'S LADIES' COM- PANION to the I'XOWER GARDEN. A complete Guide to the Management and Adornment of Gardens of eveiy size. A New Edition. Fcap. cloth. Price 7^. ON GROWING ROSES OUT-OF- DOORS. By Rev. O. Fisher. Fourth Edition. Price is. HOW TO GROW MUSHROOMS. By William Earlev. Price ij. stitched. rrow TO GROW asparagus. *--*- A popular Explanation of the best Method of Culture. By William Earlkv. Price is. stitched. London: BRADBURY, AGNEW, and CO.. Bouverie Street, E.C. REVUE de I'HORTICULTURE BELGE et ETRANGERE (Belgian and Foreign Horticultural Review) — i2th year. — Among the principal Contributors are : — A. Allard, E. Andre. C. Baltet, F. Burvenich, F. Crepin, O. de Kerchove de Denterghcm, P. E. de Puydt, A. M. C. Jongltindt Coninck, J. Kickx, T. Moore, C. Naudin, B. Olivnra, H. Ortgies, E. Pynaert, E. Rodigas, O. Thomas, A. van (Jcert Son, H. J. van Hulle, j. van Volxem, H. J. Veitch, A. West- mael, and P. Wolkenstein. This illustrated Journal appears on the ist ol every month, in Parts of 24 pages, 8vo, with two Coloured Plates and numerous Engravings. Terms of Subscription for the United Kingdom :— One year, 145., pavable in advance. Publishing Office : 134, Rue de Bruxelles, Ghent, Belgium. Post-office Orders to be made payable to M. E. PYNAERT, Belgian. BULLETIN d'ARBORICULTURE, de FLORICULTURE, et de CULTURE MARAI- CHERE. A monthly horticultural work, with superb Coloured Plates and Illustrations. Published since 1865, by F Burve- nich, F. Pavnaert. E. Rodigas, and H. J. van Hulle, Professors at the Horticultural School of the Belgian Govern- ment at Ghent. Post-paid, los. per annum. H. J. VAN HULLK, Botanical Gardens, Ghent, Belgium. Farms, Estates, Residences. Any one desirous of Renting a Farm or Residence Purchasing an Estate, can have copies of the MIDLAND COUNTIES HERALD supplied free for SLX weeks on stating the purpose for which the paper is required, forwarding name and address, and six halfpenny stamps for postage, addressed ^' Midland Counties Herald Office, Birmingham." The Midland Counties Herald always contains large numbers of advertisenients relating to Farms, Estates, and Residences for Sale and to be Let. WORKS OF AUTHORITY ON BOTANY. SIR JOSEPH PAXTON'S BOTANICAL DICTIONARY. Comprising the Names, History, and Culture of all Plants known in Biitain, together with a full Explanation of Technical Terms. Medium 8vo, cloth. Price 25^, BOTANY tor BEGINNERS. An Introduction to the Study of Plants. By Maxwell T Masters, M.D., F.R.S., late E.xaminer in Botany. University of London. With upwards of 100 Illustrations. Price 3^. 6*^. LINDLEY'S SCHOOL BOTANY. A Complete Manual of Rudimentary Botany for Students, &c. With 400 Illustrations. Svo, cloth. Price 51. 61/. LINDLEY'S ELEMENTS of BOTANY. With Illustrations. 8vo, cloth. Price gx. LINDLEY'S MEDICAL and (ECONOMI- CAL BOTANY. With numerous Illustrations. Svo, cloth. Price 55. LINDLEY'S DESCRIPTIVE BOTANY. For Self-Instruction and the Use of Schools. Price London: BRADBURY, AGNEW, and CO., Bouverie Street, E.C. To the Nursery and Seed Trade. PARTNER WANTED.— A young Gentle- man (experienced) is anxious to meet with a PARTNER in above Trade, or to PURCHASE an ESTABLISHED BUSINESS, in or near London.— Apply by letter to R V. P., Gardeners' Chronicle Office, 41 , Wellington Street, Strand, W. C. St. Marylebone Cemetery. SUPERINTENDENT. NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN, that the Burial Board are prepared to RECEIVE APPLICATIONS from persons desirous of becoming Candi- dates for the APPOINTMENT of SUPERINTENDENT to the St. Marylebone Cemetery, situate at East End, FintJlley. The Salary will be ;£ioo per annum, with residence. The Applicant must be a married man, not less than 30, nor more than 45 years of age on last birthday, accustomed to Drainage, Working to Plan, and Laying Out of Grounds. He must understand Gardening.be a good Correspondent, and competent to take the general Management of a Cemetery. Applications in the Handwriting of the Candidates, with Testimonials of recent date (three only) as to character and experience, also statement of previous occupation, to be for- warded to the CLERK of the BOARD (of whom personal inquiries may be made as to the duties) on or before SATURDAY, the 1 7th day of July. A personal canvas of the members of the Board is strictly prohibited. By order, W. E. GREENWELL, Clerk to the Board. Court House, Marylebone Lane — July i. 1886. ANTED, a HEAD GARDENER, to take charge of Grass Land, able to Survey Laod, and Measure Masons' and Joiners* Work. Wages .^oj. per week, house and coal. — Full particulars of experience and references to JAMES DICKSON and SONS, "Newton" Nurseries, Chester. CAN ANY GENTLEMAN RECOMMEND a GARDENER and WIFE, without children? Situation 20 miles South of London. Small famUy. The Gardener to attend to a Flower and Vegetable Garden, the Wife to Wash. A small cottage and coals provided. Wages aSj. a week in addition.— A. B., Messrs. Rixon & Arnold, 39, Poultry, £.C. July io, 1886.] THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. 63 Wanted, Head Working Gardener. WANTED, a respectable GARDENER, with experience. Must be sober, honest, industrious, and obhging (from 35 to 45 ytars of age preferred). Cottage and garden provided. — K W. SHUKER, Scorrier Office, Cornwall. WANTED, near London, aMANandWIFE, without encumbrance. Man as good Single-handed Gardener, with care of 2 Cows ; Wife to undertake Laundry. Live in cottage on preinises. Good wages to competent persons. -Apply, by letter. T. C. M., May's, 159, Piccadilly. W. ^^ W' ANTED, a WORKING FOREMAN, under a Bailifif on a Farm of about 260 acres in Bucks. Must thoroughly understand Stock and Milking, and be a good Shepherd. Wife to attend to Poultry. A personal character indispensable, and only those with the highest qualifications need appIy.-Apply, by letter only, to H. L., 6, Vere Street Residences. Cavendish Square, London, W. WANTED, AT ONCE, an energetic and practical WORKING PROPAGATOR and GROWER of Hard and Soft-wooded Plants for Market ; well up in Wreaths. Crosses, and Bouquets ; good Salesmm and thorough know- ledge of Nursery and Seed Trade. Must be willing to make himself generally useful. None need apply that cannot pro- duce character as to ability and sobriety ; young man, married, prefened. Wage=, i<^s. per week, with house free —ISAAC MATTHEWS AND SON. Nurserymen, Milton, Stoke-on-Trent. WANTED, an energetic, trustworthy, and practical MAN, to take charge of a Landscape and Jobbing Department of a Nursery, near London. Must be competent to give Plans and Specifications. — Applicants to state age, experience, where last employed, and salary ex- pected, with any other particulars, to H. H.. Gardeners! Chronicle Office. 41, Wellingion Street, Strand, W.C. WANTED, a respectable MAN, to Grow Soft-wooded Plants for Market.— White Horse Nui sery. Park Lane. Tottenham, London. WANTED, a CLERK ; must be well up in Invoicing, Correspondence, and Ledger Work ; prefer- ence given to one who understands Shorthand. —Reply in own handwriting, stating age, experience, and salary required, to B. S. WILLIAMS. Victoria and Paradise Nurseries, Upper HoUoway, London, N. WANTED, a HEAD PACKER, must be thoroughly experienced and energetic. — Applv, in own handwriting to JAMES DICKSON and SONS, " Newton" ■ . Chester. WANT PLACES. POSTAL ORDERS.— To Advertisers, Subscribers, and Others. — // is very important in Remitting by Postal Order that it should be filled in payable at No. 42, DRURY LANE, to IV. RICHARDS, as, unless the Number of a Postal Order is known, and it has been made payable at a particular office, and to a particular person, it is impossible to prevent any person into whose hands it may Jail from negotiating it. N.B. — T/ie best andsajest means of Remitting is by POST-OFFICE ORDER. Letters addressed " Poste Restante " to initials or to fictitious names are not forwarded, but are at once returned to the writers. NOTICE TO ADVERTISERS.— In many imtancis Remittances in Payment of Repeat Advertisements are received without name, address, or anythin^^ beyond the postmark on envelope by which to identify ike sender ! this in all cases causes a vary great deal of trouble, and frequently the sender cannot be identified at all. Advertisers are requested when Remitting to give their Karnes and Addresses, and also a Reference to the Advertisement which they wish Repeated. BS. WILLIAMS begs to intimate that he • has at present in the Nursery and upon his Register some excellent Men, competent either to till the situation of HEAD GARDENER, BAILIFF, FOREMAN, or JOURNEYMAN. Ladies and Gentlemen requiring any of the ahove will please send full particulars, when the best selections for the different capacities will be made. — Holloway, N, GARDENERS, FARM BAILIFFS, and FORESTERS —We are always in a position to recom- mend MEN of the highest respectability, and thoroughly practical at their business, readily furnishing full particulars on application.— JAMES DICKSON and SONS, "Newton" Nurseries, Chester. RICHARD SMITH and CO. beg to announce that they aie constantly receiving applications firom Gardeners, seeking situations, and that they will be able to supply any Lady or Gentleman with particulars, &c — St. John s Nurseries, Worcester. TO LANDED PROPRIETORS, &c.— A. McIntvrh (late of Victoria Park) is now at liberty to undertake Formation and Planting of New Garden and Park Grounds, and Remodelhng existinff Gardens. Plans prepared. 115, Listria Park, Stamford Hill. N. GARDENER (Head).— Age 32, married; has had eighteen years' practical experience in all branches of the profession. Character will bear strictest investigation. Abstainer.— J. THOMAS. Stedham, Midhurst. GARDENER (Head) ; age 32. — Lord Wantage. Lockinge Paik, Wantage, is desirous of re- commending H. Brown to any Lady or Gentleman requiring a eood ail-round Gardener as above. GARDENER (Head).— Desires re-engage- ment. Thoroughly acquainted with all branches. Firit- rate references as to cluiracter and ability. — R. WALTON, Hilton Park, near Wolverhampton. GARDENER (Head).— Married, no incum- brance ; twenty years as Head Gardener. Thoroughly experienced. First-class references and character. — H. S.^ Mrs. Cann. Burnt Ash Hill. Lee, S.E. GARDENER (Head), near London pre- ferred.—Thoroughly practical in all branches- Excellent character from Noblemen and Gentlemen. Good references as to ability. — GARDENER, s, Rutland Street, Montpelier Square, Knightsbridge. S.W. GARDENER (Head), age 31, without family. -Mr. Derkicutt, Gardener to Lady Edwards, Pye Nest. Halyose, can recommend a young Man, well up in Plant, Fruit, and Vegetable Culture, and general routine of Gardening, to any Lady or Gentleman requiring one. GARDENER (Head), in a good establish- ment. — A Clergyman thoroughly recommends a parishioner as above. Thoroughly practical in all branches of the profession. Excellent character from past and present employers.— RECTOR, Chale, Isle of Wight. GARDENER (Head) ; aj^e 29, married when suited.- R. Hubbard. The Gardens, Rushton Hall, Kettering, Northamptonshire, is at liberty to engage with any Lady or Gentleman requiring a thoroughly practical man. Fifteen years' experience in good establishments. Excellent references from past and present employers. GARDENER (Head), where a man of ability and strict integrity is required, and the keeping of every- thing neat and tidy. — Age 35, married, two children ; total abstainer. Has had twentv years' practical experience in the Cultivation of Grapes, Peaches, Cucumbers, Melons, Tomatos, Strawberries, Mushrooms, Stove and Greenhou'^e Plants. Ferns, Rosei, Chrysanthemums : Pleasure Grounds and Flower and Kitchen Gardens ; is a good Plantsman, and Fruit and Veget- able Grower. Excellent character.— W., Gardener^ Chrotttcle Office, 41. Wellington Street. Strand, W.C. GARDENER (Head Working).— Age 27 ; fourteen years' experience, and has a thorough practical knowledge of all matters relative to Horticulture. Highly recommended.— JNO. JENKS. Oaken, near Wolverhampton. GARDENER (He.\d Working).— Age 40, married (one daughte.-. age r^); upwards of twenty years' practical experience Highest references as to character and ability. -B. DURANTS. Enfield Highway, N. GARDENER (HEAD WORKING) ; age 28.— H. GlLUERT, late Foreman to the Hon. Lord Digby. is open to engage with any Lady or Gentleman in want of a prac- tical man as above. Highly recommended.— Gardens, South- wick Park, Fareham, Hants ARDENER (He.\d Working).— Seven- teen years' experience. Vines, Peaches, Melons, Cucum- bers, Stove and Greenhouse Plants, and Ferns. Five years* good character from last place. -S. WILSON, Lexden Park, Colchester. Essex. C:i ARDENER (HE.4D Working), age 28, vJ married when suited —C^ given for assistance to obuin situation as above : experienced in all branches. Well recom- mended. Churchman, many years Chorister.— JOHN TAY- LOR. 80. Cleaveland Road, Surbiton, Surrey. ARDENER (Head Working); age 27, married, no family.— A Gbntlbman can highly recom- mend his Gardener. Well up in all branches and the routine of a Gentleman's Establishment- H. D., The Grove Gardens, Elphinstone Road, Hastings. GARDENER (Head Working), where one or more are kept, or SECOND, in a good esublishmeot. — Age 25. single ; nine years* experience of Stove and Green- house Plants, also Flower and Kitchen Gardening, Highly recommended, — J. G., Paddock Wood, Kent. GARDENER. ^ — Unmarried, competent in Vines, Peaches, Melons, Cucumbers. Stove and Green- house Plants, and thorough Cropping of Kitchen Garden, — JOHN BRKEN, Bromborough, Birkenhead, Cheshire. GARDENER.— A Gentleman wishes to recommend his late Under-Gardener. who has only left him through reduction of establishment. More than two years' good character.— E. W. CRACROFT, Esq.. Hackthorn Hall, GARDENER (Single-handed),— Fourteen years' experience Inside and Out ; good references. — GARDENER, 2, Birch Terrace, Orsett, Essex. GARDENER (Single-handed). — Young, smgle ; nine years' experience in Glass, Flowers, especially Roses, and Herbaceous and Kitchen Gardening. Satisfactory reasons for leaving Good character and recom- mendations.—J. KEMP, Great Warley. Brentwood, Essex. GARDENER (Under); age 20.— G. Bates wishes to obtain a situation in a good establishment. Can be recommended by his present employer, Horace Meltor, Esq., Beach House, Lytham, Lancashiie. ARDENER (Under), or FIRST journeyman. Inside or Out,— Age aa ; seven years' experience. Good reference. — W. P., 6, Lion Terrace, Beamish Road, Putney, S.W. MANAGER.— Wanted, by the late Manager, The Royal Vineries, Jersey, a re-appointment. Well up in Grapes, Peaches, Cucumbers, Tomatos, Ferns, Roses, &c. Would take good private place. High class testimonials. Pay own expenses.— McTHUN, Springfield Nursene*, Jersey. FOREMAN, where two or three are kept, in the Houses — Age 24 ; can be well recommended as to ability, &c — A. W., 33, Salisbury Road, Highgate, London, N. FOREMAN, in a Private Establishment,— Well experienced in all branches. Two years' good character from last place, Sir H. Bromley. — G, EMERY, 7, Elgin Teiiace, Maida Vale, Leudoii, W, To Nurserymen. FOREMAN, Outdoor,— Age 36; twenty years' experience in Roses, Conifers. Fruit, Forest, and other Stock, Management of Men, &c. Eight years in last place. — HORTUS, Gardeners' ChronicU Office, 4t, Welling- ton Street, Strand, W.C. FOREMAN ; age 28.— Lucombe, Pince & Co., Exeter Nurseries, Devonshire, would be pleased to hear of a Foreman's place for one of good recommendation ; abstainer. Ten and a half years' experience. Inside and Out, in Noblemen's and Gentlemen's Gardens ; knowledge of House Decorations. Please state wages. Distance no object. To Head Gardeners. FOREMAN, in the Houses, or otherwise, in a good establishment.— Age 38 ; ten years* practica experience, two years as Foreman in last situation, — R. CAMP, Shute Lodge. Axminster. FOREM.\N (or Single-Handed). — Age 35 ; experienced in Flower and Kitchen Garden, Fruit and Plant Houses, Forcing, &c. Good references. —W, W., 39A. New Inn Hall Street. Oxford. FOREMAN, in the Houses, or PLANTS- MAN, in a Nobleman's or Gentleman's establishment — Age 26.— G. WOODMAN, The Hyde Lodge, Ingatestone, Essex. NURSERY FOREMAN. — Twenty - five years' experience with Roses, Fruit Trees, Shrubs, &c. Could take charge of a Branch Nursery. — E. H., Kingswood Place. Railway Road, Teddington. NURSERY FOREMAN, or to take charge of >mall Nursery.— Eighteen years* practical experience. Wreaths, Crosses, Bouquets, Cut Flower and Plant Trade, also Grapes. Cucumbers. &c. Good references. — FLORIST, High Street, Milton, Stokeon-Trent. JOURNEYMAN (First), in the Houses.— ^ Age 74: eight years' experience, two years' good cha- racter. Highly recommended. Abstainer. — K., Beams, 58, High Street, Dorking. JOURNEYMAN, Inside and Out.— Age 23 ; O can be well recom mended. -H. CROOKS, HoJbway. near Cromford, Derby. JOURNEYMAN, in the Houses.— Age 20 ; five years* experience. Inside and Out. Good character. — F. WOODWARD, The Garden', Pierrepont, Farnham, To Head Gardeners, TOURNEYMAN, for the Houses ; age 21.- fJ J. GoDFKEV, Aihwick Hall, Marshfield, Chippenhai Wilts, wishes to recommend an intelligent young man as abov Can make himself useful in Kitchen Garden Total abstainer IMPROVER, in the Houses, in a good establishment, where three or four are kept. — Age 20; three years' experience. Good reference. A small weekly Premium Bothy preferred.— E. LAMBERT, Horn Lane, Woodford, Essex. LEARNER, of Outdoor Fruit Cultivation for London Markets — Young ; board preferred. Willing to work. Premium offered.— Mr. REID, 9. Leconfield Road, Canonbury, London, N. O GENTLEMENandNURSERYMEN.— A young man (age 19) seeks a situation in a Gentlemaa's Garden or Nurseries. Three years in present situation. Good character, &c.— J. MUSGRAVE, Crakehall, Bedale. Tb"GENTLEMEN'andl^URSERYMEN.— Situation wanted by a young man. Understands Grapes, Cucumbers, Tomatos. &c. No objection to be useful. Good Glazier ; handy at Repairs : own tools. Good character,— J. G.. 20, Southgate Road, Islington, N. TO N U R S E R Y^I E N. — A young Dutchman who has had experience in Nurseries in Holland and Germany seeks employment in a Nursery in England.- MEEUWISSEN, Bookseller Gallery, Amsterdam, Holland. T~ oIjOBLEMEN'S and GENTLEMEN'S GARDENERS —The Advertiser wishes to place his nephew (age 17) under a thorough practical man. Would nrit object to give a small Premium -H. BARNARD, Chase Side Nursery. Southgate, London, N, SHOPMAN, or FLORIST'S SALESMAN. — Twenty years' experience — Wholesale and Retail. Accustomed to a sharp all-round trade. Good knowledge of Nursery Stock and its value. References. — KENTIA, 164, Kilburn Lane, London. W. To MurserTmen and Florlats. SALESMAN, FOREMAN, or TRAVEL- LER. — Age ^o ; fifteen years' experience in various branches of the profession. — H. H. , Gardeners' Chronicle Office, 41, WellinKton Street, Strand. W.C. OACHMAN (Under), or PAD GROOM.— Used to Hunting, Light weight. Good character. — GEORGE BOUENE, Barming, Maidstone. STATE CARPENTER, and turn his hand to other work--Marned.-R. FRANKS, 4, Caledon Road. West Croft, Carshalton, Surrey. HOLLOWAY'S PILLS.— Easy Digestion.— These admirable Pills cannot be too highly appreciated for the wholesome power they exert over all disorders of the Stomach, Liver, Bowels, and Kidneys. They instantaneously relieve and steadily work out a thorough Cure, and in its course dispel Headache, Biliousness, Flatulence, and depression of spirits. It is wonderful to watch the daily improvement of the complexion, as HOLLOWAY'S PILLS Purify the Blood and Restore Plumpness to the Face which had lost both flesh and colour. These Pills combine every excellence desirable in a domestic remedy. The most certain and beneficial results flow from the occasional use of this regulating Medicine ; even persons in health, or when foUowinE sedentary occupatiooSf will find it an i&nduable aperient. 64 THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. - qulv ,o, .sse. CONTBACTOBS TO HER MAJESTY'S WAR DEPARTMENT. THE Thames Bank Iron Company, UPPEE GROUND STREET, LONDON, S.E. (TELEGRAPHIC ADDEESS-" HOTWATER," LONrON), ,g==3 g-ji^r^ Have the Largest and most Complete Stock in the Trade. HOT-WATER BOiTeRS, PIPES, and CONNECTIONS, and all Castings for Horticultural Purposes. Illustrated CA TALOGUE, \ ytk Edition, price \s. Price List on application Free. Hot-water and Hot-air Apparatus erected Complete, or the Materials supplied. CAST-IRON SADDLE BOILER, with Waterway Eud. From 20 inches to 66 inches long. PATENT RELIANCE EOTAEY VALVES. S. OWENS & CO., HYDRAULIC ENGINEERS, WHITEFRIARS SfREFT, LONDON, E.G. No. 37. No. 63. THE IMPROVED SELF-ACTING HYDRAULIC RAM. This useful Self-acting Apparatus, which works day and night without needing attention, will raise water to any height or distance without cost for labour or motive-power, where a few feet fall can be obtained, and is suited for supplying Public or Private Establishments, Farm Buildings, Railway Stations, &c, DEEP WELL PUMPS for Horse, Hand, Steam, or other Power. PORTABLE IRRIGATORS, with Double or Treble Barrels for Horse or Steam Power. (Garden?, &c. No. 46a. IMPROVED DOUBLE-ACTION PUMPS on BARROW for Watering No. 49a. GALVANISED SWING WATER CARRIERS, for Garden use. No. 5oandS4',">„ , , Mr. S. C. OLIVER, Hon. Sec. Park Square. Lutc" "rHE GARDENERS CHRONICLE ■i IN AMERICA. The Subscription to America, including Postage, is $6.35 for Twelve Monihs. Agent for America :— C. H. MAROT. 814. Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. U S.A., to whom American Orders may be sent. THE COTTAGER'S CALENDAR of GARDEN OPERATIONS. By the Lite Sir Joseph Paxton, M.P. Reprinted ftom the Cardcners^ Chronicte, with numerous Alterations and Additions. Price 3^, ; post-free 3^o. £s; Central Group for Conseivatory Decoration, £9. £6, £i 101. ; twenty.four Roses, £3. £t. £t. &c. Entries close July 24. Schedules and lull particulars from A. FORBES, Secretary, NorlhampK ATLOCK BATH HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY'S FIFTEENTH EXHIBITION, en SATURDAY, August 7. Upwards of ilXTY POUNDS given in PRIZES in Class open to all England. For Schedules ipply to Mr. A. CLARK, Matlock Bath. NARCISSUS. — All the best varieties for cutting and for eveiy description of forcing Bulbs. See my Speci il Trade offer, which may be had upon application. THOMAS S. WARE, Hale Farm Nurseries, Tottenham, London. jJRIMULAS.— PRIMULAS.— PRIMULAS. Jtr —Seventeenth year of distribution. Williams' Superb Strain, u. Sd. per dozen ; loj. per too CINERARIAS, same price. Package and carriage free. Also Double White Primulas, id. each.-JOHN STEVENS, The Nurseries, Coventry. LEMATIS JACKMANNI ALBA (new).— Strong flowering Plants (4 feet bine), of this free-blooming " White Jackmanni," now ready. 3s each, 30J. per dozen. Choice varieties of CLEMATIS, in pots, ij. 6d.,li.,\.o is.6d. each. The usual allowance to the Trade. GEO. JACKMAN and SON, Woking Nursery, Surrey. PRIMULAS, CINERARIAS, CYCLAMEN. — Plants now ready for potting in single pots. First-class strains (still supplying Customers who have had from us for la years). PRIMULAS and CINERARIAS-12 for ts.6d., 24 for ai. bd . 100 for 9!. CVCLAMEN-12 for ar. WM. CLIBRAN and SON, Oldfield Nursery, Altiincham ; la. Market Street, Manchester^ ROSES IN POTS.— Her Majesty, the Bennett Rose, and all the best new English and Foreign varieties. All the choicest well tried sorts, in pots, 151. to 361. per dozen. Descriptive LIST free 00 application. RICHARD SMITH and CO, Nurserymen and Seed Merchants, Worcester. Now Keady. TEA and NOISETTE ROSES, in Pots, of best sorts only, in great quantity, and ol best possible quality. Priced LIST gratis. A Sample Dozen will be put on rail, carefully packed for travelling, on receipt of 13*. dd. EWING and CO., Sea View Nurseries, Havant. Hants. Hyacinths, Tulips, Crocus, Lilies, &c. CG. VAN TUBERGEN, Jun., Haarlem, • HolUnd.— Wholesale CATALOGUE now ready, and may be had free on application to „ „ . Messrs. R. SILBERRAD and SON, as. Savage Gardens, Crutched Friars, London, E.C. To the Trade Only. EH. KRELAGE and SON, Haarlem, • Holland, have just Published their Wholesale CATA- LOGUEfor the Season i886.37(75ih year. No. 385A), ol Dutch Flower Roots and Miscellaneous Bulbous and Tuberous rooted Plants. The Catalogue was sent to all the Correspondents of the establishment who have a right to it, and will be sent as well on prepaid application to Nurserymen, Seedsmen, and Florists only. Hyacinths. TuUps, Crocus, &c. THE NEW WHOLESALE TRADE CATALOGUE is now ready, and will be forwarded, post.free, on application. E. J. LOMANS, Haarlem, Holland. ^ _ PR I M U L AS, D0U~FlE WHITE, 4J per dozen. 3or. per too. TAYLOR AND CO., Nurserymen, Timperley, Cheshire. PEACHES — NECTARINES— PEACHES. —During the present month we can obtain good prices for first-class Fruit of the above. WISE AND RIDES, Fruit and Flowsr Salesmen, Fruit Market, and 360. Flower Market, Covent Garden, London,W.C. ANTED, COMMISSIONS in CLOVERS. GRASSES, GARDEN and AGRI- CULTURAL SEEDS for Biistcl, West of England, and South Wales. P. O., Atheoxum, Bristol. Floral Commission Agency. A HILL AND CO., 52, Hart Street, Covent • Garden, W.C , are open to RECEIVE CONSIGN- MENTS of Choice CUT FLOWERS in any quantity. A. H. & Co., giving personal attention to all consignments, are thus enabled to obtam the highest market prices. All Cheques for- warded weekly. Bankers and good Trade references. Boxes and Labels supplied. ANTED, CUTTINGS of good SHOW PELARGONIUMS. W. and J, BROWN, Stamfoid. New Fern ADIANTUM FRAGRANTISSIMA (First- class Certificate).— See full description in Gardtntri' Ckronicll, July 10. , ,j . Strong healthy plants, in 4-inch pots, each, SJ. and is. N T MON ROCCA .. THE QUEEN perpU GLOcit, 1 . iIOLI peiounce LiETTUCEj. cos varieties Sutton's Winier White .. .. per packet I o Sutton's Champion Brown .. ,, ,, 10 Sutton's Black-seetied Hath.. .. per ounce i 6 CABBAGE VAKIETIES. Sutton's Commodore Nutt ,. .. re- packet i o Sutton's Standwell .. , o Hamm-irsmi'h Hardy Green .. per ounce o q .'liansie.d Park „ ,6 Drumhead or Malta ,, 09 PRICPS and full pirticulars of othtr SEEV: FOR PRkStNT no WING may bt hid Gratis and Pofi.free on application. hMcyufcrm Seedsmen by Royal Warrants to HM the Qaeen and HK.H. tbe friace of Wales, READING. DUTCH BULBS CHEAP. FU£NCH BULBS CHEAP. ENGLISH BULBS CHEAP. See our Special Wholesale Catalogue of Bulbs, Contaimng List of all the best varieties of HYACINTHS, TULIPS, CROCUS, LILIUMS, DAFFODILS, IRIS, SNOWDROPS, &c., tree on application to W ATKINS & SIMPSON, Seed and Bulb Merchants, EXETER STREET STRAND, LONDON, W.C. FERNS A SPECIALTY, An IMMENSE STOCK, in SPLENDID CONDITION. ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE, containing " Hints on Fern Cultivation," is. SMALLER CATALOGUE,ofover 1300 species and includiog Descriptive *' List of New, Rare, . Choics Ferns," and *' Hardy North American Fbri free on application. W. & J. BIRKENHEAD, FERN NURSEBT. SALE, MANCHESTER. AFRICAN TUBEROSES AND LILTCTM HABBISII, Grown by Wm. Risley, Maritzburg, Natal. THE TRADE and GROWERS aie hereby informed that the reports of this season's growth are of the most hopeful description. The Bulbs promise to be superior to any hitherto offered in the market. Orders are now being booked freely for dehvery in AUGUST and SEPTEMBER, and Buyers are advised to make an earty application. Quotations very low. Terms— net cash. For prices and full particulars apply to WM. G. MAC GREGG R, 17, Fenchurch Street, E.G. ■f^ WcTTie ar^ ^ee^. THE HOME OF FLOWERS, it is said, was ne.= b.. lovely and intere^tint <11 requ.tu.g CUl'- Tl- GS, UU^ (iF KObtb, btEDLINGS, PRIMULAS. ClNERAKIAj. CYCLAMEN, &c., shuuld have them at once. SRND FOR A CATALOGUE. H. CANN£LL. & SONS, SWAN LEY, KENT. WEBBS' ' ' EMPEROR CABBAGE. THE BEST CABKAGt in CULTIVATION 6d. and la. per packet, is. 6d. per ounce Mr. J. Mulr, In the " Journal of Horti- culture " of May 24, says :— " Our largefct piece of Spring Cabbage measures 70 feet by 60 feet and liere Wcj liiva many sorts growing. The best of all these at the present time Is WEBBS' EMPEROR Pet Ou HiRlY NONPAREIL CABBAGE . ENFIILD MARKET do EAKLY RAINHAM do EARLY DWARF YORK do LARGE BED DUTCH do. 6d. pei packet ONION. , , . Packet. WEBB3' NEW RED GLOBE TRIPOLI 6d. WEBBS' WHITE ITALIAN TRIPOLI 6d. LARGE FLAT RED TRIPOLI .. 6d. GIANT ROCCA 6d. WHITE LISBON WHITE SPANISH or READING All Garden Seeds Jree by Post or Rail. Five per Cent. Discount for Cash. WEBB & SONS, Seedsmen by Royal Warrants to H M. the Queen and H.R.H. the Prince of Wales, W0RD8LEY,8T0URBRIDGE. Please Read Attentively. LILY OF THE VALLEY, FOR EARLY FORCING. Stock, 1,260,000 Crowns, strong and capable of producing very fine blooms ^i bs. per looo, £\z 15.?. per 10,000, ^25 5^. per 20,000, ^62 loj. per 50,000, ^122 loj-. per 100,000, ;^i82 per 150,000, £,ii,o per 200,000, iucludins charges for packing;, free on the Railway Station, Neussalz, by F. W. KRAUSE, Lily of the Valley Grower, NEUSALZ-ON-THE ODER, GERMANY. ^T The area under Lily Culture is equal to Z% English acres. The freight amounts from Neussalz to London for 1000 pieces (crowns) to about nj. ^4' : 2000, iij. fid. ; 3000, i«. ; 40CO, lis. yi. ; 5Q00, 12X. grf. ; 6000, i+r. ; 7000, l6x, gt/. ; 800Q, i8j. ; 9000, aoj. td. ; io,ooQ, £\ 3J., &c. DUTCH AND CAPE BT7LBS. ANT. ROOZEN & SON'S CATALOGUE FOR 1886. The above, contaiaing details of our immense Collections of New, Rare, and Fine Bulbs and Plants (84 pages, in English). IS NOW READY, and wlU as usual be sent post-free od appli- cation to ourselves, or our General Agents for Great Britain, Messrs. MERTENSandCO., 3,CrossLane, St. Mary-at-Hill, London t E.C. ant. ROOZEN AND SON, OVERVEEN, near HAARLEM, HOLLAND. CARTERS' SEEDS PRESENT SOWING. CABBAGE-Carters' Early Heartwell. Pronounced to be the finest early Cabbage in cultiva- tion. Very distinct. The heads are extremely firm, weighing from 4 to 6 lb. In Scaled Packets only— Per Packet, u. and td. ; per ounce, QS. All Post-free. CABBAGE-Carters' MammothBeefheart The best main-crop Gtrden Cabbape in cultivation ; very large firm heads of exquisite flavour, very few outside leaves, and tiois not readily run. The finest Summer Cabbage known. In Sealed Packets— Per Pkt., tj. and id. ; per ounce, ii. id. I pTTIIPF Price per pkt., post-free. CARTER?' GIANT WHITE COS .. id. and t o DUNNETT'S GIANT WINTER COS.. 6i. and i o HARDY NORTHERN KING COS .. .. it ALL THE YEAR ROUND CABBAGE LETIUCE W.andi 3 QI^IQI^ Post-free. Per oz. Per pkt. GIANT ROCrA ''i 6 06 GIANT WHITE TRIPOLI .. ..16 06 KAKLY WHITE NAPLES .. ..10 GIANT MADEIRA 00 !QUE 237 (Si 238, HIGH HOLBORN, LONDON. C^UTTINGS of Choicest New FLORISTS' V>' FLOWERS (t885) very cheap. Per dozen varieties :- Fuchsias and Pcnutemons, jj. ; Zonal Pelargoniums, single and double. Ivy-leaf. &c., 3^. ; Chrysanthemums, ij. id. Or to include new of last three or four years— Chrysanthemums. 50 for 3r. : Fuchsias, 50 for 3*. ; Zonal Pelargoniums, double and single. Ivy, &c.. 100 for 8j. Plants also supplied very cheap. All free by parcel post. A quantity of choice smglc Dahlias, fine plant ., sr. per dozen. CATALOGUES free on application. RICHARD PANNEFT, The Nursery, Chailey. Sussex. SAMUEL SHEPPERSON, Florist, ^ Prospsct House, Belper, Derbyshire, begs to offer the following, of which he makes a specialty : — PRIMULAS — PRIMULAS — PRIMULAS. — Giand Premier Prize Stiain of the finest new colours, as White, Carmine, Rose, Salmon, Crimson, Mauve, &c. l-ine large trusses and beautifully fiioged flowers. Strong Plants, to bloom well, \s. yi. per dozen, extra strong is. id. ; gr. per 100, all free. piNERARIAS-CINERARIAS— Vy* CINERARIAS.-BuU's celebrated Prize Strain, dwarf compact habit, and most brilliant colours, cannot possibly be excelled. Good Plants, is. ^d. per dozen, extra strong is. id. ; gs. per 100, all free. SAMUEL SHEPPERSON. Florist Prospect House, Belper. Derbyshire. WG O R D O N, Importer of Orchids • from ALL PARTS o( the WORLD._An IMMENSE STOCK of recently imported Plants compels a SALE of the Established Plants to make room. These have not yet flowered, but are all flowering plants, and must be sold at a great sacrifice. VERY VALUABLE VARIETIES are certainly to be ob- tained, and great bargains ; see Public Journals for high prices recently obtained. THE SPECIAL OFFER affords a PAYING INVESTMENT- to auy one with glass at command which should not be overlooked. SUCH PLANTS may never again be offered to the PUBLIC and the TRADE. Apply to W. GORDON, The Nurseries, Amyand Park Road, Twickenham, Middlesex. pVCLAMEN SEED, V-^ in Sealed Packets, as. 6d. and $s. each, separate colours, red, white, pink, and margioata or mixed. H. Page & Sons are offering for the first time their well- known suain, which has been awarded Three Medals by the Royal Horticultural Society durmg last season, and gained highest honours wherever shown. They cannot be surpassed for habit, colour, and size ; and as the quantity is limited, Orders will be executed in strict rota- tion, and sent Post-free on receipt of Postal Order after August 1. Application to H. PAGE AND SONS, Grove Nursery, Teddington, S.W. To the Trade. RAPE-SEED and WHITE MUSTARD. HAND F. SHARPE have fine Samples of • the above-named Seeds, extra cleaned for seed pur- poses, and will be pleased to submit them with lowest prices oo application. Seed Growing Establishment, Wisbech. EIGHTY THOUSAND CLEMATIS, in Pots, of all the finest Double and Single Varieties (some of the flowers of which become lo inches across, and are ol every shade, from pure white to the darkest purple), for climb- ing and bedding, from laj. to 24J. per dozen, strong plants Descriptive LIST on application.— RICHARD SMITH and CO.. Nurserymen and Seed Merchants, Worcester. pUTBUSH'S MILL- W TRACK MUSHROOM SPAWN.— Too well known to requii« descnption. Price is. per bushel (is, extra per bushel for package), or id. per cake ; free by parcel post, is. None genuine unless in scaled pack* ages and printed cultural directions enclosed, with our sigruiture attached WM. CUTBUSH AND SON 'Limited), Nurserymen and Seed "-Tchants, Hifhgate Nurseries, N, July 17, 1886,] THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. 69 OECHIL EXHIBITION One of the most beautiful sights in London. 0 RCHIDS.— Mr. William Bull's ORCHID EXHIBITION. The Private Vitw to Patrons of the Establishmtnt is held eve.y TUESDAY. THURSDAY, and SATURDAY, lo to 5 o'Clock, ihrouRhout JULY. Establishment for New and Rare Plants, 536, King's Road, Chelsea, London, S.W. o RCHIDS.— Mr. William Bull's EXHI- BITION is OPEN to the Public every MONDAY, WEDNESDAY, and FRIDAY, 10 to 5 o'clock, throughout JULY. Admission, each day, ar. 6(/. /^RCHIDS^— A vision of loveliness unpa- ralleled in Europe. /^RCHIDS.—" Must be seen to be realised." o o o o o RCHIDS. — "A scene of the greatest Orchidic beauty, blffling d-^scriotion. and, we had almost said, defying exaggeration." — Gardeners' Chronicle. RCHIDS. — Specimens in Flower from Brazil. Colombia. Mexico, Ecuador, Madagascar. Assam. Peru, Costa Rica, Venezuela, West Indies, Hurm^h. Borneo, and various other pins of the Eastern Archipe- lago. RCHIDS.— Private View to Patrons of the Establishment every Tuesday. Thursday, and Saturday, 10 to 5 o'clock, throughout JULY. RCHIDS. — Public Exhibition every Mon- day. Wednesday, and Friday. 10 to 5 o'Clock, throughout JULY. Admission, each day, as. id. RCHIDS.— The Exhibition is worth going any distance to see at Mr. William Bull's Establish- ment for New and Rate Planu, 536, King's Road, Chelsea, Lor don. SW. Now Ready, reichenbachia: ORCHIDS ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIBED. By F. SANDSB, St. Alban's. This Work is issued in Monthly Parts, each containing four beauti- fully Coloured Plates by eminent Floral Artists. The History and Culture of each Plant is given in English, French, and German. The Latin Descrip- tions and Leaders, &c., by Professor Reichenbach. BOOKS FOR THE COUNTRY HOW f ready, crown 8vo, price w. dd. MANAGED and IMPROVED MY ESTATE. Reprinted from the -S"^. James' Gazette. Contents :— Choice of an Estate— Underwoods— Timber — Building and Quarrying — Making Grounds — Farming and Shooting — Fishponds and Aviaries— Conclusion. With 1937 Full.page Coloured Plates. SOWERBY'S ENGLISH BOTANY. Containing a Description and Life-size Coloured Drawings of every British Plant. Edited and brought up to the Present Standard of Scientific Knowledge by T. BOS- WELL (formerly Syme), LL.D., F.L.S. &c. With popular Descriptions of the Uses, History, and Traditions of each riant, by Mrs. LANCASTER, Author of " Wild Flowers Worlh Notice," " The British Ferns," &c. The Figures by \. E. SOWERBY, J. W. SALTER, A.L.S., and N. E. BROWN. In Twelve Volumes, super-rcyal Svo, i,i), 31. in cloth; £,-ik its. in half morocco; and /30 gs. whole morocco. Also in Eighty-nine Paru. s^. each, except the Index Part, ^s. dd. Price ofeach Number to Subscribers, 7s. 6cl. per Month, Size of Plates, 21 inches by 15 inches. Sample Copies post-free on application, to be re- turned in case of non-subsoripllon to F. SANDER, ST. ALBAN'S. Vol. XII., Parts 84-89. with ninety-eight Plates, ii \ss. SOWERBY'S ENGLISH BOTANY. Edited by J. T. BOSWELL. LL.D.. F.L.S. Part 84. wi twenty-two Co'oured Plates, contains Marsiliacejc. h lacex, Selaginel laces. Lycopodiacese, Ophioglossact Pait 85, with eighteen Coloured Plates, coouins Filic Part 86, with twenty-lour Coloured Plates, contains Filic Part 87. with twenty-one Plates, conuins Equisetac** a Charactse Part 88, with fourteen Col 9)r taken from a drawing of Mr. Sendtner's, shows how this singular and beautiful plant grows " chn sot." A rocky cleft to root In, with plenty of soil therein, limestone debris by preference, copious moisture, as there is pretty sure to be in such a situation, and full exposure to the sun — these appear to be the requisites. The plant is allied to the Campanulas and Lobelias, and has deep blue flowers borne in close heads, with oblong deeply-toothed leaves. The flowers themselves consist ol five petals, united into a tube at the tips, but balloon-shaped below, where the five petals are separate one from another, so as to leave interspaces between, through which presumably insects enter the flower, and carry- ing off the pollen from the included stamens would deposit it on the projecting stigma of some other flower. The plant is a native of the Austrian Alps, and was introduced into cultivation by Mr. George Maw. Nomenclature. — At the Floral Committee on Tuesday the new rule was acted on in one or two instances ; thus the committee refused to recognise the name Odontoglossum macranthum Soutbgatei, and certificated the plant as G. macranthum, South- gate's variety. This was done because no authority was cited for the name Soutbgatei, beyond the exhi- bitor's fancy. The name has not been published, and no description or illustration has been given, as would be implied by the employment of a Latin name ; and a Latin name without description or illustration goes for nothing. The adoption of an English name at once shows the true nature of the plant, and avoids confusion by preventing the possibility of confusing it with a botanically recognised plant. Of course there is nothing to prevent Mr. Southgatk calling his plant Soutbgatei, if he so pleases, but the Royal Hor- ticultural Society should not recognise the name except under the circumstances we have mentioned. No hardship is inflicted on any one by such a course, and something is done towards simplification of nomenclature and the avoidance of confusion. ^It having been ascertained that the Doronicum certi- ficated at the recent meeting of the Royal Horticul- tural Society as D. draytonense had been previously described and figured (Gani. Chron., vol. xx., p. 296) as D, plantagioeum var. excelsum, the name dray- tonense was, on the proposition of Dr. Masters, expunged from the record, and the correct name inserted in its place. Eremostachys. — Dr. Regel has lately published a monograph of the species of this genus, . thirty-nine in number. These species are herbaceous perennial Labiates, many of them of an ornamental character. The monograph is of a purely botanical character, and is illustrated with several outline illus- trations. "English Botany." — With the eighty- ninth number the new edition of English Botany, edited by Dr. Boswell, is brought to a close. The present part is almost entirely taken up with the index, which is very copious. A preface informs us that, owing to the ill-health of Mr. Boswell, the completion of the work was entrusted to Mr. N. E. Brown. All concerned may be congratulated on the termination of a work of such magnitude and sustained excellence. French Nurserymen and Seedsmen. — We learn from the Revue de V Hortkultiirt Beige that a society has been established in France to protect and develope the interests of the horticul- tural trade. The discussion of fiscal regulations and legislative reforms, so far as they concern horticul- ture, is one of the objects of the society, as well as the establishment of a central committee to afford information calculated to prevent the losses in the horticultural trade. Flowering of Agave filifera. — An object of popular as well as scientific interest has suddenly and unexpectedly appeared in the grounds of the Edinburgh Exhibition this week, in the shape of a very fine specimen of this plant throwing up an enormous flower-stem. The plant forms one of the collection of Messrs. Ireland & Thomson. The stem was first observed on Monday last, when it was only jut issuing from the crown of leaves, and such is the apidity of growth, that in three days it has attained a height of 2^ feet. The stem at the base is about 3 inches in diameter, and is densely clothed with long acutely lanceolate fringed scales of a grey-green colour. It is now protected from injury by a wire guard, and we may hope to see it lievelope its in- florescence to perfection. Hollies. — Some beautiful examples of these were noticed at the Royal Horticultural Society's Show at Liverpool, the production of the Elvaston Nurseries of Messrs. Barron cS: Sons. Evidently the soil of this nursery suits them admirably, the colouring of the different kinds being clear and well defined. Of kinds we noted nobilis, a fine broad- leaved kind ; a pendulous variety of argentea, very pretty ; ovata, nana aurea, versicolor, medio picta, laurifolia, and Gold and Silver Queen, iHE GARDENERS' C H RO N IC I.k. — ivi.\ 17, 1886. Fig. 19,— phyteuma comosum at home ; flowers light purple, (see p, 80.) 82 rilll G.IRDRNERS' CHRONICLE. [July 17, 18 DoiJiiLE Flowf.ks an'd Variegated Leaves. — Some years since the late Professor MOKREN advanced the notion that double flo\r< 1 ; riid not co-exist with variegated foliage. Many excep- tions were, however, soon pointed nut, and some were shown on Tuesday last at the Royal Horlicullural Society, in the shape of silver leaved Pelargoniums with double flowers. Mr. RiVEEs' Pot Fruit Trees at Liver- root. — It appears that, although we made mention of the beauty and vigour of Mr. Rivers' pot trees at Liverpool, we omitted to mention that a Gold Medal was awarded them. In repairing the omission, we may say that the trees amply disserved the recognition Ihey received. Inheritance, or Otherwise, of Colour. — We hear of people ready, from peculiarities of appreciation, to say black is white, and vice vcrsd^ and soms sort of oblique countenance is given to such a proceeding by I he fact that black does not alA-ays reproduce black, nor white succeed to white. An instance of this was afforded the other day at Ken- sington, where a new white Grape was shown with oval berries, and stated to be a seedling from Black Monukka. No foliage was shown, nor was there a bunch of the parent with foliage for comparison, as there should have been. Cassia lignea and the Chinamen. — According to the report of the Superintendent of the AfTorestation Department of Hong Kong for 1S85, there is a great difticuUy in growing this tree, as the following extract from the report will show : — "The plantations of Cassia lignea that were made on the hills north of Aberdeen would probably have been in a thriving condition by this time but for the persistence of the Chinese in breaking off the leaves and branches of the plants. They appear to attach some importance to the plant as a medicine, and despite the vigilance of the forest guards, they suc- ceed in keeping the plants in an almost leafless con- dition. Even in the Botanic Gardens, where the plants are protected- by iron tree-guards and wire netting, they have killed several plints by persisiently defoliating them and wrenching ofl the branches." Pulten.ea rosea — writes Baron Ferdi- nand von Mueller — is one of the most local of all plants in existence, being absolutely restricted to the summit of Mount William, in the Australian Gram- pians, at about 5000 feet. This is also the exclusive native locality of Eucalyptus alpina. If plants strong enough for experiment are available, they might be tried in mild places of Enghnd as outdoor plants, inasmuch as this Pultensea has to endure in its native haunts a sub-alpine clime, and is subjected to frosts of more or less severity through several months in the year. In places like Arran in Scolhnd, the Devonshire coast, and the Channel Islands, it ought to prove perfectly hardy. Malesia. — The last numbers of Signer Beccari's publication relating to the flora of the Indian Archipelago contains the continuation of the lengthy catalogue of " piante ospitatrice," or plants selected as habitations by ants, including not only the curious Ilydnophytum and other Rubiaceae, in which large gall-like swellings occur on the plants, and which become the residence of ants, bat also of various Asclepiads, Dischidia, Nepenthes, Ferns, Palms, &c. The third volume opens with a monograph of the species of Nepenthes of which thirty-three species are admitted, as well as eighteen hybrids. A list of the Ferns and Lycopods of Borneo and New Guinea follows, and the com- mencement of a paper on " Asiatic Palms " is given. Excellent lithographic illustrations of new or inter- esting species are given. "LiNDENiA." — Among the plants flguted in recent numbers are : — Cypi ipcdium Lawreiueamim vai: Hyeanum, t. 42.— A variety with the mottled leaves of C. Liw- renceanum or C. Dayanum, with the upper sepal while with green veins ; petals narrow, ciliate, green ; Up pouch-shaped, green. Deiidrohium straliotcs, t. 43. — Avery curious Den- drobe, described by Professor Reichenbach in our columns, vol. xxv,, p. 266. The flowers have white lanceolate sepals, the whitish lateral petals are much longer, narrower, erect, and twisted ; the lip with two lateral erect lobes and a spade-shaped flat central lobe, all while, with violet venation. The plant is a native of the Sonda Isles. The flowers are produced in great abundance. Cattkya ipCiion^siina var. Maloitana, — A form with large flowers, sepals and petals magenta- coloured, lip trumpet-shaped, with an expanded two-lobed limb, rosy-lilac, mottled and streaked with reddish-purple, and with a white throat blotched with orange. • ExTRAOKDis'ARV TiTHES.— A meeting of Hop and fruit growers from the counties of ivent, Sassex, and Surrey was held a few days since at the Bridge Hoifse Hotel, to consider the recent Act for the aboliiion of extraordinary tithes. Mr. T. H. Bolton, late M.P. for North St. Pancras, who is President of the Anti-Extraordinary Tithe Associa- tion, occupied the chair, and explained the provisions of the Act which he had carried through the last Parliament, and suggested the course that would be probably adopted, setlling the amount of compensa- tion to be paid. He thought that it would be desir- able that persons interested, both as landowners and tenants, should co-operate together to avoid unneces- sary complications and difiiculty in working out the Act, and to insure the fixing of a reasonable scale of compensation. A long discussion ensued upon the provisions of the Act, which was generally approved. It was resolved, pending the carrying out of the Act, that as far as the association could influence the indi- vidual action of Hop growers and others the distress sales should be suspended. A vote of thanks was given to Mr. Bolton for his services to the Hop, fruit, and market gardeners in obtaining the Act. Statice Suworowi. — Like many other things that hail from the same quarter of the world, this showy and highly desirable annual is bothered with a difficultly spellable and very unpronounceable name. It varies considerably, both as to size and showiness, under slightly difl'erent courses of treat- ment, but seems to have no difficulty attached to it if grown in a cool place. It is a native of Western Turkestan, and should accordingly, if the best pos- sible results are to be attained, be grown in an un- heated house or frame, even at the expense of treating it as a biennial, when it will form a strong crown with large, little divided leaves, and flower splendidly in early summer. A group of flowering specimens in the Caps-house at Kew, and another in the rockery, exhibit much branched flowering stems, from 2 to 2\ feet in height. Tha divisions of the inflorescence are spicate, finger-like, tapering, often of considerable length, and densely furnished with rosy-pink flowers of medium size, having the calyx striped with a darker colour. A figure of the plant in Regel's Gartenflora gives a poor idea of the real beauty of this species ; while another in the Gardeners' Chronicle. Sep- tember 29, 1883, p. 393, gives a more favourable impression of the likely dimensions and showiness of the plant. Very different is the case with S. lep- tostachya, another annual species flowering in the herbaceous ground, with slenderly divided leaves, and slender spikes of inconspicuous, though pretty, pale-coloured, miniature flowers, Dracontium Carderi. — We are indebted to Mr. F. Moore, the Curator of the Glasnevin Botanic Garden, for a specimen of the spathe and spadix of this handsome Aroid. D. Carderi is one of those Aroids which, from a tuberous stock, throw up a single leaf-stalk bearing a much-divided blade. The spathe before us is borne on an erect cylindrical stalk, purplish-brown, spotted with white, and with a few small prickles scattered over its surface. The spathe itself is about a foot long, concave-lanceolate acuminate, convolute near the base, bright velvety- green outside, dull purple within, but yellow near the base. The spadix is about il inch long, cylindric obtuse, dull purple, covered over the whole surface with purple flowers, having the whole conformation of the genus. The plant is a native of Colombia, and was figured in the Botanical Magazine, f. 6523. Ghent Horticultural Society. — At a mteting held on the 5lh inst. the following awards were made :— First-class Certificates ; To Mr. Alex, Dalliere, for Petnettya lilacina nigra major, and P, 1. fruclo albo ; to Mr. Aug. van Geert, for Hoplo phyton robustum variegatum ; to Mr, Desmet-Du vivier, for Anthurium Scheizerianum var. sangui neum ; to Messrs. Vervaet & Co., for Ccelogyne Massangeana ; and to Mr. L'nden, Director of the Compagnie Continentale d'Horticulture, for Alocasia Augustiana, A. mirmorata, Phrynium varie- gatum, Alocasia nigricans, Sagenia mammillosa, Alo- casia gigas, and for Amaryltis Bjnguerolhi. Cul- tural Certificate ? To Mr. J. Hye-L;ysen, for Cypri- pedium supcrbiens. Commendations for Novelty : To Mr. Desmet-Ddvivier, for Anthurium Scherzeri- anum Brillant ; to Messrs. Vervaet & Co., for Odon- toglossum Alexandrir; var. fastuosum ; and to Mr. Linden, Director of the Compagnie Continentale d'Horticulture, for DraCDena Madame Lucien Linden, D. Comte de Grunne, Alocasia Macedoana, Pan- danus Kerchovei, and for Dracxna Mr. James Bray. Commendations for Culture : To Mr. Alex. Dalliere, for Todea supetba ; to Mr. Linden, Direc- tor of the Compagnie Continentale d'Horticulture, for Darlingtonia californica. Flowers in Season.— If Covent Garden and editors carrying on their business adjacent thereto cannot, except at too rare intervals, visit the flower- gardens and shrubberies of our island, it is fitting that in this case the mountain should go to Mahomet ! On this principle Mr. BuRBIDGE, the Curator of the Botanic Gardens, Trinity College, Dublin, obligingly sends us a boxful of flowers, which act as reminders to tell us what is in bloom, and to testify to the way things are grown in the Home- Rule counties. TropitoUttn polyphyllum. with its glaucous pal- mate foliage and wealth of yellow flowers. Aster cabulicui. — A tall species, with short-stalked, lanceolate leaves, slightly serrated, and hoary on the lower surfaces. The flower-beads are individually small (about half an inch across), but disposed ia corymbs, the ray- florets pale lilac. Chrysanlheiimm liiicanl/umum, the Ox-eye Daisy, with the outer white florets not strap-shaped as usual, but tubular and irregularly lobed as in a Centaurea ; as if to compensate for their irregularity, their size is much smaller than usual. This is a variety which will please the botanist, but lovers of Marguerites will not be so appreciative. Will Mr. BURBIDGE tell us if it is constant from seed ? Aslrantia carniolica is an improvement upon the common form, in having larger bracts tinted with rose. Buplcurttm frnlicosum is a half shrubby Unbellifer with thick, leathery, entire leaves, very unlike those of Umbellifers in general. The plant, we may add, does well in towns, and is striking even if not beautiful. Anemones in July are what we did not dream of some time ago, but in the Emerald Lie they seem to be able to make Anemones bloom for half the year. Si/ene ciliata is after the pattern of our common S. inflata, but has foliage more like that ol a Calceolaria. Double Crimson Sweel IVilliam may be recom- mended for general adoption as a border plant. Centaurea glastifolia is remarkable for its globular flower-heads the size of a Cherry, and consisting of overlapping silvery scales. C. maoocephahi is the handsomest of its class, with large flower-heads aj large as a mid-sized Apple or bigger, with curious brown jagged bracts, and a head of bright yellow flowers. L'iikyriis tuberosns, a species with wiry branches, obovate leaflets, and racemes of small lilac-rose flowers. Achillea MilleJ'olium is a useful plant for lawns and banks. Sheep do not object to it, every one says how pretty it is, both in flower and foliage. The deep rosy variety may sometimes be found wild, and is well worth growing. Ac