ANDROMEDA ARBOREA

THE

GARDENER'S MONTHLY

HORTICULTURIST.

UKVOTKIJ TO

HORTICULTURE, ARBORICULTURE AND RURAL Af PAIRS.

EDITEn HY

THOMAS MEEHAN,

STATE BOTANIST OF PENNSYLVANIA,

FORMEKI.Y HEAD OAKDEXER TO CALEB COPE, ESQ., AT SPRIXGBROOK, AXD AT THE BARTRAM BOTANIC

GARIJIOXS, NEAR PHILADELPHIA; GRADUATE OF THE ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, KEW, (LONDON)

ENGLAND. MEMBER OF THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. AUTHOR OF

"AMERICAN HAND-BOOK OF ORNAMENTAL TREES," ETC.

VOLUME XX, 1878.

LIBRARY

NEW YORK

BOTANICAL
GARDEN

PHILADELPHIA :

CHARLES H. MAROT, Publisher,

No. 814 Chestnut Street,

1878.

ILLUSTRATIONS.

KroiitFM])ifct>— ( 'FiMiriio A Ni>K«>M ID \ a inwutiiA

A

Abutilon rosji'lloriiin ;!:;4

Aealypha iiiacrophylla .'! U

Adiaiitimi |>riiK"f|is L':;i

Aiithuriuiu (iniatiim L'M'^

Apple, Oliio l.")I

•' OreKoii t'ral), I'yrus rivularis Ml

Artificial Wood Tilos — four cuts ;!;; )

B

"Bediiiii^ IMants, Arrangement of — three cuts :!4

Bejronia achrne «>o

" kallista (il

I?lanchiii<r Celery 2:v.>

Hhuuli folia jirinceps lo

C

Carpet Beddiiy? — six cuts UH-W

—five cuts 180-181

Centaurea Clentatii To

Coleus pictus 44

Croton Disraeli 3(5:'.

Cycas Normanbyana los

E

English Daisy : 1:^4

F

Feast, John, Portrait of 817

Q

Glass Panels— six cuts 298-299

M

Mennonite Grass-burner ITi!

" End View ITM

'• " Ground Plan 17.'!

O

Odontoglossuiu crispuni 12

R

Ilil>lion Hedding — three cuts 60-67

16:;

Rustic Summer H(nise o4

S

Selaginella Japonica ..i 262

T'

Tropaeoluni Lobbianum hyperbum 5

Turnij). Yellow Mont Magny 2()'.i

"W

Wahlenbergia tuberosa 198

Window- box Ornaments— seven cuts 265-266

Window-hood for Ornamental Vines 325

V THE ^

GARDENER'S MONTHLY

AND

HORTICULTURIST.

DEVOTED TO HORTICULTURE, ARBORICULTURE AND RURAL AFFAIRS.

LIBRARY
NEW YO#
■OTANICi

€A]iDE^

Edited by THOMAS MEEHAN.

Vol. XX.

FEBRUARY, 1878.

Number 230.

Flower Garden and Pleasure Ground.

SEASONABLE HINTS.

lu many parts where our magazine goes it will
"be necessary to bring up the preliminaries for
active spring work.

Many delay pruning shrubbery until after se-
vere Aveather passes, so as to see what injury
may be done— but with March ail should be
finished — taking care not to trim severely such
shrubs as flower out of last year's wood, as for
instance, the Wiegela — while such as flower from
the spring growth, as the Althaea, Mock Orange,
•&.C., are benefitted by cutting back vigorously.

Those which flower from young wood, cut in
severely to make new growth vigorous. Tea,
China, Bom-bon and N'oisette roses are of this
-class. What are called annual flowering roses,
as Prairie Queen and so on, require" much of last
year's wood to make a good show of flowers-
Hence, with these, thin out weak wood, and
leave all the stronger.

To make handsome, shapely specimens of
•shrubs, cut them now into the forms you want,
and keep them so by pulling out all shoots that
grow stronger than the others during the summer
season.

Graft trees or shrubs where changed sorts are
■desirable. Any lady can graft. Cleft grafting is
the easiest. Split the stock, cut the scion like a
wedge, insert in the split, so that the bark of the
stock and scion meets; tie a little bast bark
around it, and cover with Trowbridge's grafting
wax, and all is done : very simple when it is
understood, and not hard to understand.

If flowers have been growing in the ground for
many years, new soil does wonders. Rich ma-
nure makes plants grow, but they do not always
flower well with vigorous growth. If new soil
cannot be had, a wheelbarrow of manure to
about ever}^ fifty square feet will be enough. If
the garden earth looks grey or yellow, rotten
leaves — quite rotten leaves — will improve it. If
heavy, add sand. If very sandy, add salt — about
half pint to fifty square feet. If very black or
rich from previous year's manurings, use a little
lime, about a pint, slacked, to fifty square feet.

If the garden be full of hardy perennial flow-
ers, do not dig it, but use a fork, and that not
deeply.

Dig garden ground only when the soil is warm
and di-y. Do not be in a hurry, or you may get
behind. When a clot of earth will crush to
powder as you tread on it, it is time to dig — not
before.

If perennial plants have stood three years in
one place, separate the stools, replanting one-
third, and give the balance to your neighbor who
has none.

Box edgings lay well now. Make the ground
firm and level, plant deep, with tops not more
than two inches above ground.

Roll the grass well before the softness of a
tha^f goes away. It makes all smooth and level.

In planting trees remember our repeated ad-
vice to use the pruning knife freely.

We would again repeat a suggestion we re-
cently made in regard to rustic summer houses.
They can often be very cheaply made. In our
country they should be open on all sides.

34

THE GARDENER'S MOXTIfLY

[E'edruary,

lltTo is an old tr«'o tiirnod into a rustic seat.
In tliis ease we woiiM strip the bark oil", as

I

:4M *;^!U

well as open the soil about the collar of the tree,
and tar well to preserve it from rotting there.

COMMUNICA TIONS.

HOW BEDDINC-PLANTS MAY BE AR-
RANGED.

BY C. G. BJORKLUND, NORFOLK, VA.

Regular Flower-beds. — Figure 3 represents what
we may call "regular flower-beds." Should lie
3 to 5 feet from the walks, and there might

(he lu'ds in about ibr .siiiu' coMNi-xcd shape as
the soil ol' tin' ImmI rcpr«'s<'nts wbfii raked; and
the same witli the .Vchyranlbiis. The tri-colored
(Jeraniuins. though beaiiliiul some of them are.
seem to defy our endeievon tio make any thing
8(did of them, from the fact that tijeir growtU
during the hot sejvoii Is so very feeble ; but let:
us modify this defect by plantuig something
between them, such as ^'iohi cornuta or Verbena.
Annie.

For the i)arallelr)grams, 1,1,7 -l'), we have im
the first place the (ierani»nn«i, but do not take
pride in having many varieties. If there are-
flfty beds to be filled with only Geraniums, it is-
better to have four kinds of the choicest than a.
score not fit for bedding. General Grant is the-
t)est as a bright scarlet, being moderate in.
growth, and giving abundant flowers through the
season, if due attention be j)aid to watering and.
cutthig away of the seeds. Then there is Lucius,
orange scarlet ; Master Christine, pink audi
white, and Princess, white. With the exception
of Asa Gray and a couple of others, there is.
hardly any double Geranium that does tolerabl)-
for bedding. Other plants for these beds are-
Shrubby Calceolarias, Salvias, Begonias, Helio-
tropes, and Vinca alba and rosea. In some
places it is the custom to border these plants-
with one or two ribbon plants, but let us keep-
them for the ribbon beds, and use one kind for
each ; it will make them look larger.

Roses, Dahlias and Gladioluses may he-
planted on beds of any shape 5 to 10 feet
from the walks; but my experience here (on th^-

Fig. 3.

be a continuance of these on both sides of a
straight walk, with every other to be a circle, or
either circle or the rounded parallelograms may
be placed singly wherever a flower-bed is desired.
It is not necessary, as in the old German style,
that flower-beds of same shape, etc., must
lay opposite each other. The circle £ is
supposed to be ten feet in diameter, and will
do first-rate for solid beds of Coleus (strictly
only one variety), tri-colored Geraniums and
Achyranthus. The Coleuses should be trimmed j
all the time, or they will not stand the Fall \
wind and rain. My practice is to take one joint |
above another from time to time, and to keep j

37th latitude) makes me suggest that we in the
South had better plant every other row or circle
on the Gladiolus beds a'month or so later tlian
the first set, in order to prolong the time of
blooming, or that will be over too soon, and
make the bed an empty spot on the ground.

ALPINE PLANTS.

I5Y MR. A. VEIT( II, XKW HAVEX, f ONX.

In the strict sense, Alpine plants are such as-
grow in latitudes ranging from the greatest
elevation, or perpetual snow line towards the
equator, to less elevated situations near the

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

35

poles. Thus it is on the Andes and Himalayas,
at an elevation of from 12,000 to 15,000 feet a
similar flora exists, and man}' species are identi- {
cal with those found in Central Europe at not
more than 4,000 to 0,000 feet elevation. And
these again have an agreement with those of
Lapland and Siberia on low mountain ranges,
or still farther north at the level of the sea.

But in speaking of a collection of Alpine
plants it is not necessary to be confined within
such limits as this would impose. At the same
time a collection pure and simple from those
high latitudes would be of rare value, and em-
brace many of the most unique and interesting
productions in the vegetable kingdom. But no
violence could be done, or improper alliances
formed, by associating with these as many as are
diminutive in size whose natural habitats are
the mountains and meadows of more temperate
regions. Out of this larger field a fuller collec-
tion could be obtained, and the enjoyment of its
possession increased in a corresponding degree
by the great diversity of forms which it would
present; each and every one so distinct and
attractive as to keep awake his interest all the
year through. When Spring comes, and even
before the rigors of Winter have succumbed to
gales from the South, which blow softly, there
is an awakening in a full collection which tells
that in their native homes many flourish and
bloom, even up to the skirts of perpetual snow.
And thus there is an early beginning to the
floral year, which need suffer no abatement
on and down to its rounded close.

In getting together such a collection, the first
move to be made is to collect as many as might
be deemed suitable in the neighborhood of home,
and at the same time add to these, as circum-
stances permit, the most approved varieties of
other parts of the country. This would necessi-
tate excursions to the woods, the meadows, and
the sea-shore, from all of which places materials
could be gathered every way fitted to satisfy the
craving of the true naturalist. The South and
West also would contribute of their riches; and
if what could be got in this way did not suffice,
thousands more may be had in Europe at reason-
able rates, culled from many of the most
interesting families. Primulacere alone would
make an interesting groun, emljracing as it does
a goodly number of the most beautiful plants in
cultivation. Not alone is Primula rich in species
but Aretia, Androsace, Soldanella, Cyclamens,
&c., are equally so, and all fitted to fill no mean

place in every collection. Saxifragacete, too,
as has been well said, "constitute the glory and
delight of the cultivator of Alpine Plants."
And although inferior to the Primrose family in
the beauty of their flowers, they more than rival
them in the diversity and evergreen character of
their leaves. But any attempt to give a list of all
that is worthy cannot be done here, as it would
be incomplete without the enumeration of many
hundreds ; and therefore it would be better for
those who wish to embark in the enterprise to
communicate with those nurserymen and florists
who now happily devote a portion of their time
to this most interesting department of plant
culture.

In the cultivation of these plants various
methods have been resorted to with a fair degree
of success. The free-growing varieties do well
planted in front lines in herbaceous borders,
while the more delicate species do better in pots,
when they can be conveniently placed in pits or
frames during the Winter months. But for a
large proportion of those that are peifactly
hardy, small compartments or beds for each
species, divided b}' tile or slate set on edge, and
i-aised several inches above the ground level, is
the most satisfactory way of any, as it not only
prevents the diff"erent sorts from running
together, but the beds can be raised above the
genei'al level to suit those that delight in dry
situations. But whichever method is adopted
care should be taken to supply the various
species with a suitable compost in which to
grow. And this is not hard of accomplishment,
as the overwhelming majority delight in a mix-
ture of peat or leaf mould, loam and sand.

The interest in the collection would be greatly
enhanced by the whole being arranged on some
intelligible plan ; and there is none belter, per-
haps, than that pointed out in the Natural System
of Botany. According to this method, all those
of a family would be brought together, at once
showing their relationships, and also their specific
diff'erences. But we have seen fine collections
arranged simply in lines according to height,
color, and times of flowering, which, when coi'-
rectly named and properly cared for, afford both
pleasure and instruction.

LAWNS.

IJY N. F. FLITTON, WAVERLY, MD.

It is conceded on all hands that a good lawn,
well kept, is one of those adornments which
ought to ))e more frequently seen.

rill: c.\i<ni:.\i:R's momiii.v

[ luhnian.

I wisli Id oflor :i lew rcHiarks. oxprt'ssinj; no
iit'w iili-as, prrlKips, ]»r<ih;il)ly iintliiiii: of merit
and certainly no llunry, Imi (Iniun fnnu tiic
bdok of fxporifiiiH'. the lessons tVuin uliicli are
usnally well remembered.

It would, oi" course, l»e folly to expt-et a j^ood
lastiuLjsod ou land which needs draining; ivpially
so from seeding down poor, stifV clay on land
with a southern exposure, where the beams of
a tropical sun pour down its fiery rays day after
day for two or three months in the year. In
preparing ground for a lawn, some prefer to take
a crop; but a Summer fallow, with early Fall
seeding, is preferable, according to my experi-
ence. In the first place, weed seeds can be per-
• suaded into growth more readily by giving the
ground a harrowing, as soon as dry enough, after
every shower, finishing with a light rolling,
which can only be done, of coui-se, when the
land is clear of a crop. As to subsoiling, trench-
ing, &c., as a general rule, I care very little to
what depth the earth be loosened, provided the
rule of keeping the surface soil at the top be
rigidly adhered to. The writer has seen land
deteriorated as much by subsoiling — that is, by
breaking up the subsoil and leaving it in the
same place when in improper condition as by
bringing it to the surface. Whenever the subsoil
breaks up in lumps it is safe to leave it alone as
hard pan, and get six inches of surface-soil in
thorough condition.

There is a considerable difference of opinion
as to the best kinds of grass, the proportion pf
each, and quantity to use per acre, &c. I sow
grass seed, for all purposes, tliicker than is usual,
and for lawn sow narrowcast, strictl}^ to. a mark,
twice in a place, and both w^ays of the ground,
using more white clover than many gardeners
think necessary. My reason is, white clover
can hold its own against most of the stolonifer-
ous grasses as well as against the lawn mower.
Panicum sanguineum is a troublesome grass in
late Summer and early Autumn, and although
au annual, manages to increase yearly in almost
every lawn where it once gets foothold. Its seed
stems go creeping along so near the ground that
the lawn mower fails to take the head off.
When a lawn is mown with a scythe the seeds of
this kind of grSss is more likely to be cut off, as
the raking up of the cut grass pulls up the heads
of stoloniferous grasses. As this makes things
appear rather rough, the scythe is brushed over
the lawn again, taking off what was before
missed, and just what our lawn mowers miss

also. It is possible that we may lind on careful
examination tiiat our lawns do not deteriorate
under the lawn mowers in consequence of their
close cutting propensities, but rather because
they give those grasses whose stems creep along
the ground and emit roots the advantage over
their more upright growing congeners. The
Winter care of lawns depends on circumstances.
It is better to nni flu' risk of putting a litth-
weed seed on tlie lawn tliaii to forego the benefit
of manuring wherever it is considered necessary.
Dandelions and plantains nuist be cut out when-
ever they appear. The former is easil}- eradi
cated in early Spring, just when coming into
flower. Of course every one admits the neces-
sity of thoroughly rolling lawns when in proper
condition, yet this is much oftener preached
than praciised. The mower should be put
to work as early in the Spring as the grass can
be cut, setting to cut very low the first time. If,
during the di'ougth of Summer, it becomes neces-
j sary to run the machine oftener than would
' otherwise be desirable on account of some kinds
I of gi-ass growing faster than others, set it to cut
quite high. This gives the grass a more even
; appearance without exposing the roots so much.
Cut the grass so often at all seasons, if possible,
that there may never be necessity for taking off
! anything which is cut.

'• I have often heard the remark that our lawns

! will not bear comparison with English lawns.

Admitted; but I have seen in Uncle Sam's

garden-patch Indian com, tomatoes, melons,

j cantaloupes, &c., growing with a wild luxuriance

j that our English cousins cannot equal even under

' glass ; and I have also seen law^ns and pastures

get so badl)' scorched "over the water" as to

I show that the usual beauty of their lawns was

not entirely owing to the skill of the gardener.

' What most concerns us is to find out what kind

; of grasses withstand the drought of our Summers.

! If they happen to be a little coarse we must

endeavor to get accustomed to it. It is far more

pleasant to look upon a lawn that is green the

whole Summer, besides being more comfortable

to w^alk upon, than one which is brown and burnt

a considerable part of the season, even if it is

not composed of the finer growing grasses.

Now, a word as to lawn mowers : For sim-
plicity, ease of operation and facility for repairs,
I have seen nothing equal to the Philadelphia.
There are several machines which do good work,
and so far as the horse machines go, ease of
draught is, perlmps, of less consequence than

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

37

with hand mowers. For the accomplishment of
the most work in the least time I have found the
Philadelphia to excel.

THE

DIOSCOREA BATATAS
CHINESE POTATO.

OR

BY GENL. jSTOBLE, BRIDGEPORT, COlStN.

The late Wm. R. Prince, of Flushing, in his
fanciful advertising style, declared that in the
Dioscorea "had been discovered the alimentary-
basis of the Chinese Empire." Whether it fills
so vast a space in food product may well be
doubted. Rice and chopsticks are generally
supposed to furnish a pretty big part of sub-
stance to the "heathen Chinee." The plant,
however, even in Republican soil, goes for a
basis deep down towards the Chinese Empire.
I have, in a made soil, dug tubers full three feet
long, and in the largest part full four inches in
diameter.

The Dioscorea is a very toothsome vegetable.
Baked or boiled its flesh is white and very deli-
cate ; not exactly mealy but much softer and
more pulpy than the common potato — in fact,
very much of the consistency of the latter,
when boiled, mashed, well mixed and buttered,
and browned in its dish in an oven. My family
and friends consider this immense tuber a great
curiosity, and a great treat when cooked.

If one desires a patch, and is not very nice
about the order of their coming, he never need
plant but once. Thereafter it takes care of the
business itself. From either a last year's root
left undug, or from some of the little tubers
which are strung plentifully along its tendrils, it
gives you a crop every year. I have not failed
in twenty years of an annual supply without
care since my first planting.

The best way is to confine its growth to some
deep, rich soil, studded with tall and stout cedar
poles. There Dioscorea will climb up and fes-
toon from one to another, with the most ram-
pant vigor.

My special purpose, however, in this note, was
to mark the peculiar fitness of this plant for
many situations and duties as an ornamental
climber. It is almost as comely a bloomer as
the Madeira vine, and has very much its style of
growth and leaf. Its flowers have a most
honeyed perfume. But the Dioscorea is the more
rapid grower, has larger leaves, and stretches
out to greater length. Its foliage is larger and
darker, and much of it wears a greenish purple
hue. 1 think too it stands the drouth much better.

This climber has -the merit over, othei's, that
when the season of leaf and bloom have gone,
you can get "a good square meal" out of its
deep-growing tuber. A relish for the repast is
made keen and toothsome by the three-fool,
shaft, which you must mine along side of the
Heathen Chinee, into Avhich to slide the un-
broken bulk of his " alimentary basis."

Of late there is a variety of this Dioscorea
which I have not seen, growing a more rounded
tuber at a reasonable depth. Of one or the
other kind, I think it would pay all having the
room, to try a few plants. On our rich prairie
land it would yield and enormous product.

EDITORIAL NOTES.

The Shabe Trees of Washington. — The
Parking Commission of the city of Washington,
consisting of Messrs. W. R. Smith, Wm. Saun-
ders and John Saul, have planted many miles
of streets, and it is conceded to be one of the
plantmg jobs which will challenge competition
with any similar task in the United States for
low cost and great success. This comes from
having men who know what they are doing,
and of high personal character, in the manage-
ment of such things.

Already 40,000 trees have been planted,
some thirty kinds being used, the bulk, however,
being of ten kinds. These, named in the order
they are valued by the commission, are the fol-
lowing : Silver or White Maple [Acer dasycar-
pum), then American Linden (Tilia Americana),
American Elm [Ulmus Americana), Scarlet Ma-
ple {Acerrubrum),Box^\(\er {Negundoaceroides),
Sugar Maple {Acer sacchari7iU7n), Ameriain White
Ash [Fraxinvs Americana), English Sycamore
[Acer Pseudo-Platanus), Button Ball {Platanus
orientahs), Tulip Tree [Liriodendron Tulipi-
/era), Honey L,o(;nst [Gleditschia triacaathos), and
Norway Maple {Acer platanoides).

Roses on the Manetti Stock. — Thirty
years ago the Manetti Rose was used as a stock
to bud the finer roses on. They throve amaz-
ingly for a while, till the numerous suckers had
it all their own way, when rose-growers voted it
more plague than profit, and it was banished
from American gardens. Not one nurseryman
in a thousand at this time knows what a Manetti
Rose is. But as Ave threw it out of our gardens,
it was found by English rOse-growers, and has
had a rapid run in England. But at length, as
we learn from the Gardener's Magazine, they are

38

THE GARPF.XFR'S MOXTIII )

[ luhruary.

tiriiiix of tlifir ncw-louiHl iVicinl. Already '•()\vn
Hoot Ro.st's" arc at a puiiiiuin.

The Kn^jlisii Pkimhosk.— Tin- dunhn de-
serves credit for introducing us to a ".'ood old
friend wlioni most of us liavo for<rotten — the
KnL,'lisli Primrose, through a beautiful colored
I)latc, of many pretty varieties— crimson rose,
white, and scarlet. In America the ditliculty is
to kei p them well over throujih dry summer
atmosphere. But the good gardener can easily
manage this. With very little care they may be
made to do well.

Amkkh AX TuisEUOsKS. — These still maintain
their great poi)ularity in England, retailing at
about Si .50 per dozen.

XEJJ' OR RARE PLAXTS.

HiiEiM xoBiLE, HooKEK. — Of this remarka-
ble species of rhubarb, till now unknown in our
gardens, I am gratified in being in possession of
fresh seed for the first time. This is a native of
Sikkim. where it was originally found by Dr.
Hooker, in whose valuable Himalayan journals
it is thus described: "The individual plants of
Rheum nobile are upwards of a yard high, and
form conical towers of the most delicate straw-
colored shining semi-transparent concave imbri-
cating bracts, the upper of which have pink
edges ; the large bright glossy shining green
radical leaves, with red petioles and nerves,
forming a broad base to the whole. On turning
up the bracts the beautiful membranous fragile
pink stipules are seen like red tissue paper, and
within these again the short branched panicles
of insignificant green tlowers. The root is very-
long, often many feet, and winds among the
rocks ; it is a-s thick as the arm, and bright yellow
inside. After flowering the stem lengthens, the
bracts separate one from another, become coarse
red-brown, withered and torn ; finally, as the
fruit ripens they fall away, leaving a ragged-
looking stem covered with panicles of deep
brown pendulous fruits. In the Avinler these
naked black stems, projecting from the beetling
cliflTs, or towering above the snow, are in dismal
keeping with the surrounding desolation of the
season . — Garden.

Philodendrox amurexse.— This interesting
hardy tree, made known to our readers through
Prof. Sargent, is attracting attention in Europe.
Mr. Max Leichtlin, writing to the Garden, says :

" This, a native of Siberia and Mandschouria,

!•- Just now a hiaulitiil nlijcet in my garden. My
speeinuii of il isal)out twelve feet in height, and
lias a tall pyr:imidal crown of from three to
six feet. The I'orin of ils foliage, which is deeply
lobed, gives it a singuliir appearance-, and the
coloration of the leaves, which are bright red. is
very tine. It is also all the more valuable on
account of its keeping its foliage nnich lonj:er
than other deciduous trees, which hereabouts
have shed their leaves a fortnight aco. It lias a
spoiiLTV iiark. and is called the Siberian c<!rk-
tree."'

Iliniscus (ro.'^a sixexsis) albo variegata. —
A free-growing and elegantly-marked stoveplant,
obtained from the Pacific Islands; of a closely
branched hal)it. with pale green stems, and ovate
slightly toothed leaves, which are freely mottled
and variegated with greyish color and white,
breaking out irregularly in a manner similar to
the markings of H. Cooperi, to which it would
form a companion plant, having the variegation
white instead of pink. It should be grown in
full light, near the glass, to bring out its proper
coloring.

H. (ROSA sinensis) cabminata perfecta. —
A charming stove plant, in habit resembling H.
rosa sinensis, recently imported from the South
Sea Islands. It has stalked ovate obscurely
three lobed leaves which are deeply toothed, and
very large flowers, nearly five inches across, with
broad and slightl)> undulated petals, forming a
full round flower, of perfect shape, and of a rich
soft carmine-rose with a deep crimson eye. The
staminal column is very prominent, and adds
much to the beauty of the flowers, the column
being of a rosy hue, the numerous stamens bright
yellow, and the five stigmas a rich velvety
crimson.

II. (nosA sixexsis) mixiata semi-plena. —
This remarbably showy stove plant has firm,
almost leathery, ovate leaves, which are coarsely
toothed, and brilliant flowers of a vermillion-
scarlet color, darker towards the base of the
petals. The flowers are semi-double, the petals
very much waved and recui-ved, forming an
irregular undulated mass four inches across, from
which the partially petaloid staminal column
projects two inches.' The brilliant and attractive
flowers are i-emarkable for the absence of for-
mality, the shape bcmg wild and abounding in
fantastic curves, but nevertheless they are re-
markably handsome. It has been imported
from the South Sea Islands. — Wm. Bull.

New Esciioltzias. — The common golden
yellow escholtzia, of California, has been so
skilfully selected that a race with flowers almost
crimson has been produced. A beautiful colored
illustration recently appeared in the Garden.

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

39

Green House and House Gardening.

SEASONABLE HINTS.

The best feature of a garden in Winter is a
•nice greenhouse, filled with healthy plants.
They need not be forced flowers, for there are
numbers which bloom naturally at this season of
the year.

New Holland and Cape plants, such as Epac-
Tis, Acacia, Heaths, &c., are now the glory of the
•greenhouse ; hot bursts of sun on them should
be avoided, as it lays in them the seed of " con-
sumption," which frequently carries them off
the following summer.

Chi'ysanthemums should now be raised from
cuttings for fall flowering. They make better
blooming plants than offsets.

Auriculas, Carnations, Pinks, and Polyanthus
— the prettiest of florists' flowers must be kept
cool, just free from frost, with plenty of air, if
best results are desired.

Azaleas succeed well by grafting with the half
ripe shoots of the present season's growth on
plants raised either by seeds or cuttings. Old
'wood does not take readil}'.

Geraniums, Pelai'goniums, Cinerarias, and
Chinese Primroses, must be kept as near the
.;glass and light as possible ; they do little good in
shady places. Keep oft' the green Aphis ; for
this, on a small scale, there is nothing like hot
water; on a large scale, tobacco smoke, in sev-
eral successive light doses, is still the best
.remedy.

Camellias will require rather more water while
growing than at other times. Just before they
grow is a good season to graft. Cut down the
■Stock, cleft graft in the crown, wax, and plunge
in a bottom heat of 70°. A great many kinds
may be had on one plant by the bottle system —
a shoot about to grow is obtained, and attached
to the stock as in inarching, the end of the shoot
being put in a small phial of water suspended
beneath it. This plan does best, however, with
jhalf-ripe wood in July.

Pansies are coming now into flower. They
like an airy frame, where they will not be
roasted in mid-day nor exposed to dr3dng winds,
:and yet have a free circulation of air and plenty
of light. Planted out in such a frame, and the
•old shoots cut away as soon as the plant has done

flowering, the plants will keep healthy over till
the next season. Superior varieties can be raised
from seed. Choose those with the roundish
petals, best colors, and the first flowers that
open, to raise seed from.

Look out for a good stock of bedding plants in
time ; by striking cuttings of such things as grow
rapidly, and sowing seeds of such annuals as may
be advanced to advantage.

Window plants are as much appreciated at
this season as at any time of the year. There
are few things more beautiful than the old classes
of roses — the Borbon and China. We have seen
some beauties in windows recently, and wonder
they are not more grown. In another case we
saw a handsome Chorozenia cordata. Usually,
Australian plants do not thrive in our climate,
but this plant was simply plunged in partial
shade in summer, rewarding the owner with its
pretty brown and purple butterfly-like flowers
all winter. This, and many other window flow-
ers, are liable to sufier from the minute insect
known as red spider. Very minute whitish
green spots on the leaves usually indicate the
insect's existence. It is best to lay the plants on
their sides, in the open air, and treat them to a
powerful syringing with strong soap-suds, and,
while still damp, sprinkle a little sulphur on
them from a pepper-box. Red spiders do not
hanker much after sulphur. Sometimes window
plants suffer from mildew, and sulphur is a good

remedy for it also.

«•«•

COMMUNICA TIONS.

COOL HOUSE ORCHIDE/E.

BY MR. J. TAPLIN, SOUTH A^IBOY, N. J.

Many people are under the idea that it is
necessary to have a very high temperature for
all Orchids; but this is a mistake, and has been
often pointed out in the European gardening
periodicals, but usually with the recommenda-
tion of a house specially devoted to this class of
plants. This is quite unnecessary, for many of
the most charming species will grow better in
an ordinary greenhouse than in any other place.

In former times, when the high temperature
system was believed in for Orchids of all kinds,
the specimens from mountains and compara-
tively cool localities died off" soon after importa-

40

THE GARDENER'S MONT J//. )

[^FrhriKiry,

tion ; but now a inoro raticmal sysioni is ailoplrd
we hear of woiuleiful success. Of course in this
climate we ean never expect tlie same success
with a few of the very delicate specimens. For
example, I have never seen a presentable
plant of Odontoglossum Alexandrre in thi.s
country. I do not refer to the miserable little
plants char<red at cataloyued price (and a good
price at that), but to extra large plants pur-
chased at also an extra large price from Euro-
pean nurserymen by a few of our wealthy
growers. I do not despair of heing able to grow
this if I could obtain some respectable plant
from its native country, and begin with them
before they had been spoiled in two inch pots
in Europe.

Most of the cool house Orchids are plants
with small bulbs, and although many are found
in large masses, the greed of the collectors and
agents induce them to tear this into little bits,
forgetting that any one having a knowledge of
plants would rather pay $10 for a large mass
than SI for a small piece. For that reason I
have often placed from twelve to thirty of these
so-called plants together to make one. Of course
buyers should not expect to purchase such
masses at the same price they would pay for the
little bits called plants sent from Europe. I
heard recently of one comparatively common
Odontoglossum purchased in Europe and made
up with these small pieces for which the
moderate price of 25 guineas Avas paid. I
should have liked to get the same number of
dollars for such a plant, and when twenty
per cent, duty and freight was added, the price
would be tolerable good for the seller, and
rather high for the buyer. I may mention it is
quite a waste of time and money to attempt
growing very small plants of this class, for they
all require keeping moist at all times, and little
bits in pots are drowned and on blocks wasted.

I may also mention it is little use for amateurs
to invest in freshly imported plants, unless they
are well posted in their treatment, and have lots
of spare time to continually look after them ; for
the plants are usually in very poor condition, so
that it is a chance under good treatment if they
Avill grow; most frequently from importing at the
budding season, delay in transportation, &c ,
the growth is made and delays in the boxes, and if
another growth pushes it is usually much weaker,
and probably produced at the wrong season.
But I must give a list of a few specimens which
I have proved do well in a cool house, just

niruliuning thai I triecra lew lirst as an experi-
ment in the Camellia house. Tliis is a large span-
roof house 120 feet long, 20 feet wide, and 10'

1 feet high, well ventilated on both sides of the

i top, and one side under the side shade. In Sum-
mer, of course, the house is veiy Avarm in hot

I weather, although generally cooler than outside.

I the roof being whitewashed and the floor damp,

I with air day and night. In Winter when most
of these give cutting flowers, we ventilate most

1 days if the house will not go below 40°, and keep
it from 40° to 45° with fire heat ; of course no shad-

I ing is required in the Winter. The first species I
tried were Ltelia anceps, Lailia acuminata, Cat-
tleya citrina, Odontoglossum Rossi, 0. Cervaen-
tesii, O. Alexandne, O. Turleagi. leopardicum

i (this last flowers better in a little more heat)-
Oncidium pelicanum, 0. Filipae, and Oncidium

' tigrinum. This grows well, .but flowers better in

\ a little more heat.

I have since added a few more La;lias, which;
are growing and showing flower fine, and I think
will be as satisfactory as the others ; also, Odon-
toglossum, Eossii major, which I consider the
most satisfactory of all. I have had one plant in
flower for more three months ; I have also-
Odontoglossum grande in splendid flow-er, and!
all the plants are growing Avell, although the
first growth was killed in transit* O. corda-
tum with the best growth I have seen in this
variety, and showing flow^er. 0. nebulosumandai
species of Odontoglossum sold for citros]uum,l)ut
is probably maculatuin , which we sliall soon see as^
it is showing flower, Odontoglossum Medusae.,
a new species, the flower having the scent
of water lilies. These were in such poor-

I condition when received that I should' not

[ have been surprised if the plants had died,,
but I have dozens of fine 3'oung shoots,
and lots of flower stems. Some have been in

I flower for months. This is a gem, and only costs

I in Europe two guineas for the ordinaiy sized,
plants. I need not mention that Disa grandir-
flora is quite at home in this house. I had
eight flowers on several stems last j'ear, but this-
is a rather diflicult subject to manage in this dry
climate, it being a native of Table Mountain..
Cape of Good Hope, where the air is always
saturated with moisture, so that thrip and red;
spider required constant watching ; but there are
few growers in England that do it well. I have
grown it outside here in the Summer, but it wa.^-.
then more trouble to keep clean than when
inside.

1878.1

J XD HOR TICi Z TURIS T.

41

DISEASE IN MARECHAL NIEL ROSE.

BY WM. G. JOHXSOX. ITHACA, X. Y.

I have just read the article by "VY., of iSTorfolk,
Ya., on disease of Marechal Xiel Rose, but
think he mistakes in assigning tlie cause to our
severe climate.

Up to two years ago I think I had the finest
single specimen for its age (tlaree years) I ever
saw ; but now it is going in the way your cor-
respondent speaks, viz : a knotty formation
above the root. I had thought perhaps it was
being on its own root; but last week, on a visit
to the rose-houses of the late George Pum-
pelly at Tioga, N. Y., I found the great
Marechal Xiel rose in a worse condition
than mine — in fact, just about dead. It is a
grafted rose that Mr. Pumpelly procured at
Boston, about six years ago, and is a remarkable
bush, having a trunk at the graft, I should thmk,
some 18 or 20 inches in circumference. It is
mournful to see such destiiiction ; and can't some
of our horticulturists find a remedy ? I should
state that the Pumpelly rose is all right below
the graft, say 18 inches above the ground, liut
just above the Marechal Niel wood is affected as
mine is, and as your correspondent speaks.

SIZES OF ENGLISH FLOWER POTS.

BY MK. E. LOXSDALE, GEK3IANT0WX, PHILA-
DELPHIA.

As it is apt to confuse some of the readers of
the Gardener's Mokthly, when reading ex-
tracts from English gardening jjapers, in which
the sizes of flower pots are too often technically
enumerated, I beg to herewith append a table
which, I trust, may be of service to them :

Thumbs, 2 in. to 2i in.; sixty's (GO's), 3 in.;
forty-eighfs (48"s)., 4i in.; thirty-two's (32's), 6
in.; twenty-four's (24's), 8 in.; sixteen's, (16's),
9i in.; twelve's (12's), lU in.; eight's (8's), 12
in.-; six's (6's), 13 in.; four's, (4's), 15 in.; two's
(2's), 10 in.

[Water heated to 120° is an infallible remedy
against all insects where the plants can be dipped
for an instant therein, and where a plant is
trained on a trellis it might, perhaps, be un-
twined and get a dip when infested. — Ed. G. M.]

HOT WATER FOR MEALY BUG.

r.v Av. n. p.
A few days ago I Ibund a young plant of
Browallia with a multitude of mealy bugs on it,
and as said insect is my favorite aversion, I put
the whole affair in the feeding tank of my hot
water fixings, and, I think, I fixed the bugs,
while the plant seems none the worse. "Water
not over 120= Fahr. Let '• Reader"" try it and
report.

THE MEALY BUG.

BY S. O. KNAPP, JACKSON, MICH.

I notice your correspondent, '' Reader," in-
quires for a remedy for mealy bug :

I have succeeded best in keeping them down
by using a small stream of water with consid-
erable force. I either plug the, end of the hose
nozzle or apply my finger, so as to produce a
stream say the size of a large knitting-needle,
then apply it directly around the leaves and.
flowers. This dislodges them at once, and with
less harm to the plants than any other remedy
I have tried.

ACCOHOL FOR MEALYtBUG.

BY II. G., E ASTON, PA.

Your correspondent, "Reader," asks: "Is
there any cure for mealy bug?"

I have been using for some years, and do still,
undiluted alcohol, applied with a small brush,
and find it quite satisfactory and much more
agreeable to use than whale oil soap.

ASTRAP/EA WALLICHIJ.

BY MANSFIELD MILTON, CLEVELAND, O.

A small tree from Madagascar, having large
green leaves and gorgeous scarlet flowers, pro-
duced in large heads which are suspended in a
drooping manner on rather long stems. In the
greenhouses of Europe it has long been an
inmate, but is seldom seen in this country. It
requires a high temperature, but under good
conditions makes rapid growth. A plant Well
furnished with leaves makes a beautiful object
for out-of-door decoration during the summer, its
large dark green leaves making it very conspicu-
ous and ornamental. A large plant in a tub we
have here, formed, assocLated with other plants
of similar nature, quite a subtropical group on
the lawn this summer. It succeeds well in a
good rich fibrous loam, and when growing vigor-
ously requires abundance of water. Good drain-
age is indispensable for maintaining a sweetness to
the soil. Insects do not trouble it much if proper
attention be paid to its several requirements;
but if mealy bugs once get a foothold they
are difficult to eradicate, finding good shelter-
from the stipules at the base of the leaves.

THE GARDENER'S MOXT/I/.Y

\^luhniaty.

HP 170 RIAL XOTliS.

with Aiiifiira ill urchidcous planls was very

imuh iiKTiasiii^, and on the whole, salislactory.

We laki- on ourselves some of tlie credit of this,

Oiuilll) C'rLTruK. — Wliih' the writer was in as we have taken many opportunities of.showiug

Europe last year, he learned with i,'r«'at pleasure that while the old-time notions that it requires

:from the leading: nurservmen that their trade rare skill and very expensive houses to grow

ODONTOGLOSSLM CKISPUM.

"them, is tnie only in a few instances. We are tion to this "Orchid commencement" of a

pleased to say that we have several articles on beautiful one recently introduced by Mr. Wil-

"hand on Orchid culture, and we have thought liam Bull, from Bogota, who says of it '•* Odon-

~we could not do better than to give an illustra- toglossum crispum, also known under the names

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

43

of 0. Alexandra and O. Bluntii, is one of the gems
■of the cool Orchid house, since by a little man-
agement its charming flowers ma}' be had all the
year round. It is a plant which varies to an
almost endless extent, no two of the many
thousands imported being perhaps exactl}' alike,
■and very considerable differences in size, color-
ing, or crispness in the flowers constantly occur-
Ting. In typical forms the sepals and petals
are white, ovate or ovate lanceolate, the petals
being much undulated, and often fimbriately
toothed. The lip is oblong-acuminate, yellow
and crested toward the base, beautifully crisped
at the margin, and more or less spotted towards
the front with blotches of reddish brown. It has
Taeen very largely imported from Colombia, and
in some of its forms is flushed with a lovely tint
of rose." We note by Mr. Bull's catalogue that
this is not among the very expensive Orchids.
<TOod plants being obtainable in England for i
about 85.

CrLTiVATiKG Old Plants. — Fine specimens, i
-•showing great skill in culture, can be as well
shown by growing old things as new ones. It
is said that the common candy tuft makes won-
derfully beautiful specimens when well grown.

Plant Culture ik the West. — An im-
pression prevails that the culture of plants,
amidst the prevailing rage for mere cut flowers,
•and perhaps the prevailing depression, is declin-
ing, l)ut a correspondent tells us that L. B. Case,
of Richmond, Ind., has done a very satisfactor}-
Ijusiness in them the past season.

Beautiful Australian Plants.— It is a
matter of astonishment that the beautiful Aus-
tralian plants, general!}- winter-flowering, are
not more generally grown in our greenhouses.
Some of them with delicate hair-like roots, suf-
fer from our dry summer heats, but those with I
heavier ones do well. At a recent Germantown
Horticultural Society meeting, Mr. Lonsdale j
exhibited a plant of Grevillea robusta, which,
l)esides the beautiful and curious flowers it will
have, as it grows older, has pretty fern-like foliage.
It ought make a good room plant as well as a
desirable one for the greenhouse.

Double Chinese Primroses. — Since the dis- 1
-covery that double Chinese Pnmroses could be
obtained readily from seed, groat improvements
Iiave been made therein. The Florist and
Pomoloi^ist gives a colored plate of a beautiful
peach blossom variety called Miss Eva Fish, the
flowers of which are an inch and three-quarters

across. In our own country, there is much im-
provement goinu on, notably by Mr. John Saul,
of Washington, and Mr. Edwin Lonsdale, of
Germanto\\ai. In England there are long lists
of named kinds as of Dahlias and Geraniums.

Winter De( orations.— Mr. W. T. Bell, of
Fz'anklin, Pa., contributes an excellent paper on
"Decorative Plants," to the Franklin Spectator.
The great value of the Holly in English decora-
tions is from its bright scarlet berries. We can-
not always have these; but we can mix other
berried plants with evergreen with good eftect.
Prinos verticillata, Celastrus scandens, and
Mitchella repens among others that could be
usefully employed, as Mr. B. observes.

A^Blf' OR RARE PLANTS.

Dwarf Crested Japanese Cockscomb. —
We note with pleasure the eftbrts of our own
florists to improve garden flowers. Messrs. Xanz
& Xeuner, of Louisville, have very much im-
proved the Japan Cockscomb, by developing a
regular row of small ones under the main head,
as per illustration annexed.

The stock is in the hands of Messrs. D. M.
Ferry & Co., of Detroit, Mich. It grows about
15 inches high, with a collar of leaves under the
crimson head, and small collars under the
smaller heads. It ought to make a capital sub-
ject for plant growers to try superior skill on.

President Degraw Carnation. — A West-
ern correspondent writes that this variet}' has
degenerated in that section this season, and asks
is it general ?

CoLEUs PiCTUS. — While in Mr. Bull's green-
houses, near London, recentl}', the new and very

1 1

I HE GARDESJR'S MOXriU.Y

[ /i />/ ititrw

(Ustiiift ('ulcus picius Mitraiicd uiir altciition. Aii.wi: MiA\vii.--'riii> new .species, miiucd by

We wiTo vt-ry imali pK-asi'd ri-iciilly (o hoc the Dr. Kii^cliiiaini in Ikuku ..1 Mr. Sliaw . iIk- )h-\\v-

.sanu' pretty novelty in the colleetion of II. A. miis piopridor ol' ihc Missouri IJotiinical

Dreer. of Philadelphia. The followini,' ilhistra- (.arden at St. Louis, has icccntly liowered on

tion was taken from Mr. Dreer's plan(,l»ut the Mr. Shaw's grounds, and has lieen a topic ol'

description IS Mr. lUiU's: iniicli interest with St. Louis hf)rti(ullurists and

Tiiis distinct and atlrai-tive plant has been botanists.
introduced from Duke of York Island. Its diver.s

colors are curiously blended, and very elfective, Su.-vimi'i- oKPKin- K( Tiox (iKi!.\Nn-.M.— Kret.seh-

thc leaves, which have a green tcroujid, beinjr mar Ihos., Flathush, L. I., write : We sent you

more or less. Init variably Ihislicd willi yellow in two jilaiifs of a new doii1)le seedling (Jeranium,.

COLEU.S PICTrS.

Irregular patches. The leaves are also marked
in the direction of the veins, with longitudinal
bars, varying in size and outline, of a rich choco-
late brown, which where it meets the pai'ts
flushed with yellow, assumes a reddish brown
hue. The marginal teeth are bordered with
chocolate color. These peculiar markings, and
the unusual form of the leaves, give the plant a
bizarre and curious appearance.

Xaxz & Xkuxer's New Double, AViiite,
Perpetual Blooming Carnation, "Peter
Henderson."— This choice novelty was raised
from seed, by Mr. John Charlton, of Rochester, X.
Y. The plant is of a strong-growing, dwarf,
compact habit, with rich, dark foliage, producing
an immense number of flowers, both in winter
and summer, being in fact as well as in name a
perpetual blooming carnation. The floAvers are
usually 2i or ?> inches in diameter, or nearly
double the size of any other variety ; fine form,
pure white, extra fragrant, and never bursts the
calyx, which is the usual rule for alj carnations,
but the flower remains bright for over two weeks.

begging you to report on them in the Uar
dener's Monthly after a Summer's trial.

Our seedling, exhibited at the XeAV York Hor-
ticultural Society's Sjiring Show. May 2r.th, 1877.
was granted a special premium, and at the same
society's Fall Exhil)i(ion, Sei)tember 2('ith, 1S77.
a specimen plant of it, of two feet diameter,,
with fifty-two flower stems, was awarded the first
premium. " Summit of Perfection" we have
named it.

[These were planted in the open ground, and
proved to be remarkal)ly free bloomers, which
the doubles are generally not. It is a scarlet va^
riety, and the flowers not so double as some
others. There is a striking resemblance between
it and another seedling called Conrad Kii'chner,,
sent us also to tiy, and Ave are unable to decide-
Aviiich is best. — Ed. (t. M.]

SCRAPS AND QUERIES.

Scale on the Ivy. — Mrs. H. P.. Guilford,.
Conn., Avrites, " Can you tell me, through your

1878.]

AND HO R TICUL TURJS T.

^o

magazine or otherwise, what the insect on the
■enclosed leaf is, and what will rid them from
my plants ? My large ivy and some roses are
thickly infested." [This is the common green-
house scale, and a sponging of whale-oil soap is
generally effective.— Ed. Ct. M.]

Thrips on Azaleas. — C. T. W., Hartford,
Conn., writes: ''I have noticed lately that the
buds of some of my Azaleas are growing to look
like the enclosed ; and while I have no doubt
that some insect is at the bottom of the trouble,
I have not been able to discover (although I
liavn't used a glass) anything of the kind. I
have found, accidentally, a very small black fly
in the under surface of some of the larger beans.
I have never had any experience with the thrip,
which I understand is sometimes a great pest on
Azaleas; so that if it is this that is troubling
me, I am unable to recognize it. If you think

that the delay will make no dillerence to the
plants, please give me what light 3'ou can through
the GtARDener's Monthly." [This is a case of
thrips, which are generally easily kept under
when in greenhouses, by tobacco smoke. Where
there is but a plant or two, the hot-water remedy
may be tried. The water must not be over 120^,
and the plant be dipped in only for an instant. —
Ed. G. M.]

Archbishop Wood Geranium.— A corres-
pondent writes, reminding the readers of the
magazine that the correct name of this geranium
is Archbishop, not Bishop Wood. It is a small
matter, but Ave agree with our correspondent that
it is as well to be accurate as not.

Amaryllis and their Culture.— J. H., Jr.,
Glendale, Mass., would feel obliged if some cor-
respondent could tell a little about Amaryllis
and the plants related to them, &c.

Fruit and Vegetable Gardening.

SEASONABLE HINTS.

In order to grow good fruit, we need only re-
peat in a general way, that trees require as much
food as a crop of corn, or potatoes ; but it is very
important to keep the feeding roots at the sur-
face, and therefore that the very best way to
mature fruit trees is by surface dressing.

Manuring of grapes should be regulated by
the nature of the soil. If it be damp — in most
cases a bad condition for grape growing — stable
manure in great quantities means diseased vines.
In dr}' ground, it has a beneficial effect. Many
persons of small places have grapes in damp
grovmd, or can have none. They must take care
to keep the roots near the surface ; never crop
the ground about them to destroy the small
fibres, if it can be avoided; and even good may
often follow, when the vines seem failing, to
carefully follow up the roots, lift near the sur-
face, and encourage, as much as possible, those
remaining there. Wood-ashes, bone-dust, and
such like fertilizers are best for grape-vines in
low ground.

All fruit trees like a rather dry, rich soil. On
■a cold, clayey bottom, diseases are usually fre-

quent. Do not plant deep ; cut off tap roots,
and do all you can to encourage surface fibres.
Surface manuring is the best way of doing this
I after the tree is planted. Do not allow anything
[to grow vigorously around your trees the first
year of planting, nor allow the soil to become
hard or dry. Let trees branch low, and prune
a little at transplanting.

Pruning of fruit trees, wdien required, should
be proceeded with at favorable opportunities.
We write when required, for in our climate more
injury is done by the knife than by the neglect
to use it. Gooseberries, for instance, are usually
ruined by pruning. In Europe, it is customary
to thin out the centre well to " let in the sun and
air." Here it is the sun and air that ruin them,
by inviting mildew ; and so the more shoots the
better. Our country farmers are the best goose-
berry growers, where weeds run riot and grass
and gooseberries affect a close companionship.
Wherever, in fact, the gooseberry can a find cool
corner, well shaded from the sun, and with a soil
which is never wet, nor yet by any means dry,
there will gooseberries be produced unto you.
The English kinds mildew so universally as to
be almost gone out of cultivation south of the
St. Lawrence. Xor, indeed, is it to be so much

4(>

THE GARDENER'S MOS'J III. )

\^Jul)niiltry,.

rP<xrettod, since the iin|)r()ve(l seedliiiirs of lar^r
size and tine (inaltity, raised from tin- hardier
Ameriean species, are becoming known, and
their merits appreciated by "growers.

The rnh'. in primins:; <j;rape-vines, is to shorten
the sho(tts in proportion to their strenLTtli ; but if
the advice we have pivon in former Summer
hints has been attended to, there will be little
disproportion in this matter, as Summer pinchinj^
of the strong shoots has equalized the strength
of the vine. Those who are following any par-
ticular system will, of course, prune according
to the rules comprising such system. As a gen-
eral rule, we can only say, excellent grapes can
be had by any system of pruning; for the only
object of pruning in any case is to get strong
shoots to push where they may be desired, or to
increase, with the increased vigor of the shoot,
which pruning supposes will follow the act, in-
creased size in the fruit it bears.

In the Xorthern States, Broccoli, and Cauli-
flower when sown in March as recommended, do
not head early enough in Fall. It should be
sown about the time of Early York Cabbage, in
the hot-bed, during this month.

About the middle or end of the month, or still
later in the Xorth — say the middle of March —
Celery and late Cabbage may be sown. Here,
we usually sow the second week in March.

In the more Southern States, the gardener will
lose no time in getting in his Potatoes, Beets,
Carrots, Parsnips, Peas, Spinach, Radishes, Let-
tuce, Onions, and Salsafy. These should be the
first crops put in after the season breaks up for
good. The earlier they are in the better. As-
paragus, Rhubarb and Horse-radish beds may
now be made. Asparagus roots are generally
planted too thickly to produce fine shoots,—
they starve one another. A bed five feet wide
should have three rows, and the plants set about
eighteen inches apart. A deep soil is very im-
portant, as the succulent stems require every
chance they can get for obtaining moisture.
About four inches beneath the soil is sutKcient
to plant them. Rhubarb also requires a deep,
rich and moist soil. Horse-radish beds are Ijest
made by taking pieces of strong roots, about one.
inch long, and making a hole about a foot or
fifteen inches deep, with a dibble, and dropping
the piece to the bottom of the hole ; a clean,
straight root will then rise up through the soil.
Crowns or eyes are better than pieces of roots, —
where they can be had— and a rich clayey soil
better than a light sandv one.

In the Midfllf States the work for February
will, for the most part, consist of preparation.^
for future operations, and particulary for deal-
ing with the manure (juestitjn. All those kinds
that are grown for their leaves or stems refjuire
an al)un(lance of nitr()genous manures; and it
is useless to attempt vegetal)le gardening witliout
it. To this class belong Cabbage Lettuce.
Spinach, etc. The other class, which is grown
principally for its seeds or pods (as Beans, Peas,
etc.), does not require much manure of this char-^
acter; in fact they are injured by it. It causes
too great a growth of stem and leaf, and the
earliness — a great aim in vegetable growing — is
injuriously affected. Mineral manures, as wood,
ashes, bone-dust, etc., ai'c much better for them.
For vegetables requiring rich stable manure, it
is better that they have it well rotted and de-
cayed. Nothing has yet been found .so well
fitted for the purpose as old hot-bed dung :
though to the smell no trace of "ammonia" re-^
mains in it.

One of our most interesting parts of a vegeta-^
ble garden is a hot bed for starting seeds early.
The end of the month will be time enough for
those who have not command of a large supply
of stable manure, as the very low temperature
we often get at the end of the month soon ab-
sorbs all the heat the hot-bed possessed. It is in
any event best to put up the beds in 'the warmest
and most sheltered spots we can find, and to
keep cold winds from the manure, by covering it
with branches of trees or mats ; and the glas.s
should always be covered with mats at night-
Tomatoes, Egg-plants, Peppers and Cucumbers
are the first seeds to be sow^n this way. Cooler
frames can be got ready for Cauliflower, Lettuce,.
Beets, Celery and Early York Cabbage, a little
of which may be .sown about the end of the
month for the earliest crop. The Caulifiower i*.
a particularly valued vegetable, and no expense
spared to get them in perfection will be regretted,
when one's eftorts are successful.

In the open air, should the weather prove
favorable, as it often is about the end of the
month. Peas and Potatoes may be planted-
Frost seldom gets deep enough in new dug
ground to injure them after this date.

In managing the vegetable garden the highest
excellence should l)e aimed at. This is the chief
source of pleasure in a garden. If one can take
no pleasure in his garden — if the watching of the
beautiful processes of nature in furnishing him
food — and the many lessons they teach him,.

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

XX

which he in a thousand ways can so pleasurably
and pi'ofitably apply, have no charms and attrac-
tions tor him, he had belter give up gardening;
for assuredly, in most cases— even to 99 in 100
instances — the market gardener will bring the
vegetables to his own door cheaper than he can
grow them. Amateur gardening should prima-
rily be pursued for the lessons it teaches, and
the pleasure it affords ; when it ceases to d') this
it should be abandoned.

COMMUNICA T/ONS.

CRAPE CHAT.

BY REV. AV. H. W., READING, MASS.

The grape crop here in Xew England has been
in some respects exceptionally good. Our warm
and dry October has ripened up many varieties
to an unusual excellence, and made us appreciate
them more highly than ever before. And yet
the amount of our crop, in some cases at least,
sadly diminished by the unprecedented number
of rose-bugs. Xever, in all my experience, have
I seen such swarms of them before. I have re-
peatedly taken from one to two dozen from a
single cluster. The consequence was that, not-
withstanding my utmost efforts, some of my
vines were entirely stripped. Some large vines
did not ripen a single berry, while on others I
succeeded in saving from a tenth to a half of
what they would have borne but for the bugs.
How shall we get relief?

Miner's New Seedlings — It has been known
for some time past, that Mr. T. B. Miner,
of Linden, N. J., has several white seedlings of
Concord, which have been pronounced, by those
who have seen the vines and tasted the fruit,
exceedingly promising. If I am not mistaken,
Mr. Andrew S. Fuller has commended them
quite warmly in the N. Y. Tribune. Mr. M.
sent me a box of the fruit for exliil)ition at our
Mivssachusetts Horticultural display in Septem-
ber, but they reached me hi such impaired con-
dition as to be utterly unfit to place upon the
tables. I could, however, get some idea of the
quality of the fruit. The berries that I tasted
were very sweet and delicious, but not so free
from toughness of pulp as is desirable. But I
ought to add that I had no such specimens of
fruit to test as were adapted to do tlie variety
Justice.

Brighion. — Xo fruit of this new variety was
shown at our annual exhibition, and I canot speak
of its quality. But I am very much jjlcascd with

the vigor and healthfulness of the vines. It i&
a strong grower, and yet not rampant, and bids,
fair to prove hardy and prolific. Its fruit is^
highly praised by those who have eaten it.

Lady. — This still proves with me a very feeble
grower. A splendidly-rooted two-year-old plant,
received last spring from Mr. Campbell, and;
planted with extra care, in good soil, has grown
only about twelve inches. My vines that have
been planted two years grew this year only three?
or four feet, while Brighton, Black Eagle, and
Delaware, beside them, have made from twice to
four times the amount of wood. Lady, however,
seems entirely healthy, so far as my brief expe-
rience enables me to judge.

Early Champion. — There are two grapes of
this name in the market. One originated in New
York, and is an early, hardy, vigorous grower,,
and probably identical with the Tallman. In
quality it is only tolerable. The other originated
in New Orleans, and is a much better gi-ape. It
is very early, more so than Hartford, vigorous,,
healthy, productive, and of very good quality..
Both are black. The latter is one of the most
promising grapes we have for early market. But
in some way the difference between the two.
should be indicated by a change of name in one
or the other.

I.ady Washington. — It is very agreeable news
to all lovers of choice grapes, that Mr. Ricketts,
of Newburgh, has at last decided to ofler this
splendid variety to the public. He deems it,
all things considered, one of the best of his entire
collection. If the vine shall prove healthy and
hardy, so that we can all raise such fruit as Mr.
R. does, then indeed the grape millenium wilL
seem to have come at last.

EDITORIAL NOTES.

Orchards in Grass. — When, at the commence-
j ment of the Gardener's Monthly, we showedi
j that the best kind of cultivation for orchards was
to well care for them in grass, few of our3'ounger
readers can have any idea of the storm of indig-
nation on the one hand, and ridicule on the other,
which we had to encounter. (Jur advice was
contrary to that given in "the books;" but we
knew, from the lessons of experience, that the
advice of the books was wrong, and dared to say
so. "VVe lost some subscribers by telling the
truth as we found it, but we quieted our (then)
publishers by the assurance tliat it would all.

48

THi' c \ i<ni' M- ir s M(h\Tiii.y

\ Fi'/'i Hiiry.

turn out rij^lit. by and by. Pears cspciially we
rccoinuu'iulod sliould bo well cultivated in grass,
putting,' it partiiularly on the ground of its hcalth-
fulness, and ilhistrating it as the experience of
Abraham Barker, near Pliiladelphia, Avhose or-
cliard, on the jdan invented by yEsop, whieli,
•• (hiu' around and manured, to k^t in the air and
the food'' to the roots, eame near being a disas-
trous faihn-e, till he took our advice and sowed
it down in clover and grass, and top-dressed witli
manure afterwards. To-day that orchard is one
of the best about here. We have also referred
to another orchard of 50,000 pears, set out by its
•enthusiastic owner to show expressly that we
were wrong. This orchard has been the victim
•of disease till but a few are left. Immense num-
bers were dug up and burned; and this orchard
too within gun-shot of the very successful one
•of Abraham Barker. These and similar /ads
we have continually referred to; but we have
been told that we must \w wrong — that Elwan-
ger and Barry "■cultivated." and they had no
• disease; that Marshall P. Wilder "cultivated,
that C. M. Hovey and Patrick Irwin "culti-
vated," and they had no disease. But on our
own examination of the orchards of Wilder and
Hovey, we found that though they were not
actually in grass, they were practically on our
plan; for the surface was barely stirred, and the
latter top-di'esscd with seaweed. However, we
need not here go over again with all that has
passed ; but we now know — everybody now
knows — that the best orchards in the Union
everywhere are those which are well cultivated
.in grass.

It gives us great pleasure to append the fol-
lowing from the Country Gentleman. We give
it with the more satisfaction because we always
felt that the Country Gentleman, while oppos-
ing our views, did so honestly, in the belief
that we were advocating not good culture in
grass, but absolute neglect in grass; and we had
full faith that as it came to understand us fully,
.there would be little difference of opinion be-
tween us; for the Country Gentleman is too pro-
gressive a paper not to be willing, as we are, to
learn as we go along. It says :

" Since the wide prevalence of the blight in
the pear, a large number of instances are reported
•of gi'eater immunity from this disease in trees
growing in grass ; while in rarer cases the reverse
has been observed. The evidence, however, pre-
ponderates in favor of pear orchards in grass —
.this remark applying to standard trees,"

Calhok.ma Wink. — It is said the Califor-
nians intend to make a sti'ong exhibit of their
wines in Paris.

PkIDIC of TIIK IIl'DSON Rasi'mkimiy. — This is
a n(>w variety which is spoken of in intelligent
quarters.

TiiK Fig in Ohio.— The Montgomery (Ohio)
County Horticultural .Society reports that the
Fig can be quite successfully grown in that
State, with but slight protection in Winter.

Tka Plants ix Calikounia. — Recent exper-
iments do not seem to be a great success. It is
said the leaves fall in Summer from the warm,
dry atmosphere.

The Beai'ty of the Philadelphia Pear
Tkee. — The Belgian Horticultural h'eview says
that in the fall of the year, the American Pear,
Philadelphia, has its leaves turn to the beauti-
ful brown color so characteristic of some Maples
and Sumachs. It also speaks of Clapp's Favor-
ite, in connection with its large and showy
foliage.

Phylloxera ajtd Grapj: Rot. — The Valley
Katxiralist tells us that at a recent meeting of
the St. Louis Academy of Science, the President
C. V. Riley, alluded to the prevailing impression
that the Phylloxera caused the grape rot. It
says : "In consequence of some othcial statements
by Prof. Cook, of the Michigan Agricultural Col-
lege, the President desired it to go on record
that he totally disagreed with the professor as to
there being any connection between phylloxera
and the rot on the vine.

Dr. Engleman agreed with the Pi*esident in
this view."

Best Apples for Mississippi.— The most
popular apples in this State, seem to be Schock-
ley, Yates, Kentucky Streak, and Xickajack.
The last name has a wide popularity in the
South. The apple does very well in the north-
ern part of the State.

Grape Disease and Phylloxera. — It is
the misfortune of many good ideas to be so rid-
den as get run into the ground, and tliis is the
way with the Phylloxera. This pest is bad enough
in all conscience. It injures roots to such an ex-
tent, that, once etfectcd, the plant is liable to
mildews and many other diseases. But now
come people w^ho forget that there are many
other enfeebling causes ; and moreover, mildews
and moulds do not always wait for weak plants,
before besinning their destructive work. Mr.

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

49

W. Saunders records an experiment where he
took a branch of a grape vine out of a vinery,
part in the house, and part in the open air, and,
while the plant inside kept healthy, .the exposed
"branch was mildewed, and this accords with the
^experience of the best gardeners. Phylloxera
■does a good deal, but far from all of our grape
-mischief.

Tropical Fruits. — It is said that plants of
the Japan Persimmon are introduced into Califor-
nia, duty free, as " tropical fruits." "We pass
T»o opinion here on the policy of duties on trees and
plants; but are interested in the geographical
problem. We had no idea that even an Ameri-
•can Congress would regard Japan as "within the
tropics;" but then an American Congress is a
thing wonderfully and fearfully made. It was
■only a year or so ago, we had to call its atten-
tion to the fact, that a Rhododendi'on, when it
reached the shores of Boston, from England,
l)ecame a "semi-tropical fruit." We are sorry
for the plants, but must keep our geographical
heads level.

Testing old Seeds. — People often have seeds
■on hand that they would like to sow, if only sure
•of their vitality. A correspondent of the
Gardener'' s Magazine gives the following for tur-
nips, and it may do for many others : —

" Before sowing a field of turnips the seed was
Invariably tested in the following simple man-
ner : An ordinary dinner plate was taken, and a
circular piece of fine flannel just large enough to
cover the lower part was laid upon it. The
plate was then placed on a table before a win-
■dow on the sunny side of the laouse. The whole
mass of seed to be tested was then thoroughly
mixed by hand, so that a fair sample could
Tae taTcen from it by a small spoon. The seeds so
taken were laid on a piece of "paper and care-
fiilly counted, but without selection for quality,
and a number, say 200 seeds, were then spread
evenly on the piece of flannel before named,
after which a little cold water was gently poured
'Over the flannel until it was saturated, but not
quite covered ; in this way it was allowed to
■stand for a few days exposed to the influence of
light and air, when the swollen seeds were seen
to have germinated and thrown up long and
slender white shoots of half an inch or more in
height. All that was then necessary was simply
to count the number of dead seeds that lie ex-
posed on the flannel iu the same condition in
which they were placed thei^e, and hence the

precise percentage of live and dead seeds were
accurately ascertained. When this percentage
was unsatisfactory, my father invariably returned
the seed to the merchant and bought some other
in its place, but he never lost a crop of turnips
from usin" dead .seeds."

NEW OR RARE FRUITS.

ScRiBNER Spitzenburg Apple. — J. W. B.,

Plattsburgh, N. Y., writes : " Referring to your
remarks on the want of a more hardy and vigor-
ous tree of the peculiar flavor of the Esopus Spitz-
enburg, and as abundant a bearer, I have to say
that I have that variety. I exhibited the fruit
at the annual meeting of the New York State
Agricultural Society, 1859, and received a silver
medal for it, named Scribner's Spitzenburg. It
is hardy and vigorous, of the form and peculiar
flavor of the Esopus variety, and the tree more
hardy and vigorous, color a lighter red than
Esopus. I propagated trees of this variety, and
sold it from my nursery for several years ; but as I
have not propagated any trees for several years,
I have none for sale at present, but can supply in
small quantities next Fall. I will, if possible,
send you a sample of the fruit next week."

[The apple was a little over ripe. We should
judge from this that it is a little earlier than its
parent. The fruit is also more angular, but in
other respects very much like the Esopus Spit-
zenburg. So far as we can- judge from these, the
variety is nearly, perhaps quite, as good as the
original. — Ed. G. M.]

Rescue Pear.— P. D. S., Hartford, writes:— ^
" I sent you to-day through the post office a
small box with a pear of a variety, I think, un-
known, having never seen it at an 3^ of our pomo-
logical exhibitions. I esteem it one of the very
best late keeping Winter pears. Of its beauty
and quality you can judge for yourself. This
variety came into my possession some 10 or 12
years since. A friend living in the city of New
York knowing that I was interested in pear cul-
ture, stated to me that there was growing on his
uncle's place, in the upper part of the city, a
very old pear tree, which they had just discov-
ered was a very choice Winter variety. The
family had always been in the practice of cook-
ing the pears in the Fall of the year, thinking
them a common cooking pear, but accidentally
a quantity of them was put into a trunk and placed
away in a dark closet, and were left until some-

50

////•; a A A' I) /■: X /: A'' s .vroxmLv

[ lu'hniaiy.

time in the month of Kebruary, when upon open-
ing: tlie trunk they were much surprised to see the
pears fully ripene(l,and of a beautiful golden color.
1 obt allied a few fjrafts from this oriuinal tree,
and do not know that any were ^iven to any
other jiarty. I have distributed a few of the
j:rafts to friends in our city, some of whom have
fruited it, and are much pleased with them.
Should it prove to be a new or unknown variety I
I have thoujiht to give it the name of " Rescue," I
presuminii that the original tree has disappeared
in the extension of the city of New York, and
that it has been rescued from extermination
through the few grafts obtained by me. The
pear that I have sent is one of the largest that I i
have grown, being above the average size.
Should the pear come to you in a good condition, i

I should l>f pli-ased to havt' \(iui' views respect-
in<: it.

I It caiiif to hand early in .lamiary. Il is soinc-
thini,' in the way of Heurre Diel,ltutsu|)erior toanv
other variety we have met with for many years-
It is not known to us, and we can say that as to
size, flavor and general appearance it is a truly
lirst-class fruit. — Kd. G. M.]

Burnet Grape,— This Canadian variety is
receiving much praise in Xorthern papers. It
was originated in Prince Edward County by Mr.
Peter C. Dempsc}', one of our most skillful
growers. The fruit is large, purplish black,
sweet and rich, and ripens earlier than the Con-
cord. The vine is vigorous, productive and
hardy.

Forestry.

COMMUNICA riONS.

AMERICAN FORESTRY.

BY AV.

No doubt many of your numerous readers,
who have interests outside of the greenhouse
and potting-shed, will be pleased with your
department of Forestry.

This is a branch of industry which has been
far too mucli neglected, and yet it is one that
requires an extensive range of knowledge, ■vvhich,
unfortunately, has not yet, in our country, been
brought to bear upon it. An increasing interest
is, however, apparent among the people. This
is manifestly the case in the Western or prairie
States, where, in the horticultural societies, For-
estry vies with Pomology in the rank assigned
to it. Your prairie farmer soon learns the
benefits conferred by groves and shelter belts.

Your readers may be glad to know that this
matter gave rise to a very spirited discussion
before the American Nurserymen's Association,
at their meeting last June in Chicago. This
resulted in the appointment of a large commit-
tee, who were charged with the duty of preparing
a memorial to Congress, asking that a commis-
sion be appointed to visit, study, and report fully
upon the forests of Europe. That memorial
has been presented to both houses of Congress,
and, with a bill providing for its proper execu-
tion, referred to the appropriate committees.

It is earnestly hoped by the memorialists
especially since the matter ha,s received the en-
dorsement of the Secretary of the Interior, that
Congress will soon act in the matter and make a
suitable appropriation for the commission.
i The several agronomic associations, especially
those of the Wqstern States, now holding their
annual winter meetings, are warmly endorsing
the action of the memorialists, and urging their
delegates in Congress to lend the jjroject their
hearty support; so that it is hoped that the bill
now before Congress may become a law; then,
if the President be fortunate in finding a suitable
nominee, we may anticipate a good and useful
rej)ort, that will convey to the people a vast deal
of really valuable and practicable information
upon this branch of agriculture that is, as yet, a
terra incognita to us.

SCARCITY OF DOGWOOD.

BY MISS M..MUMFORD, WASHINGTON, V>. < .

Since sending you my article on the above, I
came across the following in Loudon's Encyclo-
pa;dia of Plants : " Rhamnus frangula has dark
purple berries. The flowers are particularly grat-
ifying to bees. Goats devour the leaves vora-
ciously, and sheep will eat them. Charcoal
prepared from the wood is used by the makers
of gunpow der. The berries of this species, and
also of the Cornus, are said to be brought to
market and sold for those of the buckthorn ; but
they are easily distinguished, the true buckthorn
having four seeds, this two, the Cornus one."

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

51

EDITORIAL NOTES.

Forest Commissiojiers to Eu hope.— The
Nurseiymen's Association petitioned Congress to ;
send a commissioner to Europe to learn how to
preserve American forests and plant new ones;
and Dr. Hough will probably be sent there, as
we learn from the daily papers Congress is likely
to vote $6,000 for that purpose. Dr. H. has sub-
mitted a very full report of his last year's ope-
rations.

Catal,pa Timber. — The Practical Farmer has
•a good word for the Catalpa, from the editor's
personal experience of its value. He says it has
an additional advantage over locust in being free
from borers.

Natural Traksplantinc4. — A "Western pa-
per has the following curious paragraph: "A
blue ash tree seven feet in circumference and
eighteen feet in height, its top having been pre-
viously cut off, was recently dislodged by a
swollen stream !n Ohio, floated 340 yards, and
again took root, six ''eet above the present level
of the creek, and is doing well."

Forestry of Ohio. — Ohio was a densely
timbered State, having about 14,000,000 acres, at
its settlement. Of these it is computed that
about 0,000,000 acres have yet the original stand-
ing timber thereon.

Cambridge (Mass.) Botanical Garden and
Arboretum. — The annual report of the director,
Prof. C. S. Sargent, is full of interest. It shows
the progress which has been made in the work to
the 31st of August, 1877. We make tbe following
extract as of a matter of interest to all of us as

w^ll as to the Harvard University, to which the
report is addressed :

"Judging from the immense number of letters
which are annually sent me in regard to trees
and tree-planting, it seems evident that there is
a steadily increasing interest felt in arboricul-
ture, whicb it should be t'«? duty of the arbore-
tum to foster in every pos.sible manner. The
mere answering of the letters, communications
I and inquiries received from nearly every State in
j the Union, and from almost all the countries of
Europe, would have more than occupied my
I whole time ; and they nuist have been neglected,
I had not Mr. Francis Skitmer voluntarily assumed
charge of this department, and relieved me of
all correspondence of a merely routine de-
i script ion.

I It is but five years since the first establishment
of the arboretum, but its influence and useful-
j ness are already evident. To its establishment
j can be directly traced the planting during the
past season of nearly half a million trees in the
I XeM^ England States alone. Through its influ-
ence attention has been called to the necessity of
' the more general cultivation of the American
; White ash, a tree of the first economic value, and
I now rapidly disappearing from all but the more
' recently settled portions of the country. Up to
I the present year young ash for general planting
I could not be procured either at home or abroad.
I They are now raised in such numbers as to be
j within reach of all. 1 have been able to de-
I monstrate, also, that seedling forest trees, for
which the Eastern States, at least, have largely
I depended on foreign nurseries, can be produced
j equally well and at cheaper rates than abroad.
j So that in the future, this business, which
j promises an immense development, will be a
I source of profit to American industry, wliile
1 planters Avtll be saved the risks and expenses
which necessarily attend the importation of such
perishable goods as living plants."

The work which Prof. Sargent is doing is
really a national one, and he deserves the liearty
thanks of "all who desire to see American arbori-
culture prosper.

Natural History and Science.

COMMUNICA TIONS.

ABIES OR PICEA; WHICH IS IT?

BY SAMUEL B. PARSONS.

I have often been impressed with the mixed
nature o^ foreign nomenclature, and I now notice
that you propose to call all conifers with erect
cones Abies\ and those with pendant cones Picea.
You thus make our common Balsam Fir and its
congeners Jbies. It will be ditlicult to make
gardeners recosznize tbis distinction.

If you will show an observing, intelligent man
a Norway Spruce and a Silver Fir as types of
their respective classes, and let him study them
well, he may go through the most varied mirsery
and will infallibly place all of each class by
themselves, whether the cones are erect or pen-
dant. The difference in the foliage of the two
classes is very marked and clear. You would
scaiTcly call the Norway Spruce Picea excelsa :
and yet if you preserve the old name of Abies
excelsa the distinction is so great that it is diffi-
cult to adojit .1 bies Balsamea as the true name of our

52

Tin-: CrARDEXF.R'S .\[OX rilLY

\^Ffhruary,

American Balsam Fir. Moreover, in experi-
mentinj; for twenty years, we have never suc-
ceeded in -^raftinf^ any of the Norway Fir class
upon the lialsain stock or the converse. There
is so marked a dill'erence in the roots that our
propiu^ator, Mr. Tnimpy, can always rcco>,Mii7,e
them when shown him without the tops. Nearly
nil the Abies, as we have hitherto termed them,
grow freely from cuttings ; the Pice.as grow from
cuttings with great difficulty.

We are accustomed humbly to bow to the
dicta of botanists, but do they all agree in this
nomenclature ? If not. let us adhere to the old
names which are dear to some of us by asso-
ciations. Virgilia lutea, with its liquid Italian
sound, was a pleasant name to utter. Cladrastm
hnctoria, its successor, is harsh and discordant.
The Corchorus of our childhood was a beautiful
tlower. The Kerria does not bring up so pleasant
a memory. The strong growth and showy bloom
of the Jiignonia was always a pleasure. The
Tecoma will never seem quite the same thing.
For all purposes we need correct scientific no-
menclature, but without strong reason do not let
us break up the association of the past.

[Our correspondent, we fear, misapprehends,
for there is no intention of confusing the Spruce
and Silver Firs together. But the names are
wrong. The disagreeable changes to which he
refers in the latter part of his communication
come from the indifference to being right. If
people would be careful to be " right before they
go ahead" in plant's names as in other things,
the trouble of changing names, to which he
refers, would not occur.

We are not changing names now, but are
simply pointing out that which is right, for Picea
is the oldest and proper name for the spruces,
and Abies for the firs. At one time we feared to
advocate the right, lest it might make trouble ;
but no more confusion can possibly arise than at
present exists in Europe, scarcely two writers
agreeing as to whether a plant in question is a
Picea or an Abies. Indeed, the Balsam Fir,
used by our correspondent as an illustration, is
as often called Abies Balsamea in European
works as anything else.

Our best botanist in Coniferjie,Dr. Engelmann,
refuses to recognize the modern Abies and Picea,
but contends that they should be transposed to
their proper places. In view of the confusion
already existing in European nomenclature, it
will make no trouble now to hold out for the
right.— Ed. G. M.]

unrroRiAL xotes.

('ra( KING OK THE Pkaii. —It must be clear
to all who have given dose observation to the
subject, that there are several, if not many causes,
which make the fruit of the pear crack — that
one cause is the operation of a miimte fungus;
and we believe this has been made quite clear to
our readers, as well as to the readers of the pro-
ceedings of the American Pomological Society.
Tlie knowledge we have gained in this country
on this subject does not, however, seem to have
extended to Europe, for we find the following in
one of our European exchanges, given as an
original discovery :

" M. Prilleux hj^s communicated to the French
Academy some observations on the black spots
sometimes found on pears, and which are known
to the Paris gardeners as iavelures. He has noticed
that cracks in the fruit usually originate in these
spots. All varieties are not equally subject to
them. Doyenne d'hiver sutlers most frequently
and most severely. Wet seasons favor the ap-
pearance of these spots, and standards generally
suffer more than wall-trees, and those with a
southwest or western more than others with an
eastern aspect. Some trees are affected 3'ear
after year, while others similarly circumstanced
escape altogether. The spots he finds to be pro-
duced by a small fungus, Clad(>sporium denarif-
icum, Wallroth, which was first noticed bj' that
naturalist on apple treee. The filamentary
spores take root in and penetrate the superficial
tissues, swell at the extremities, and divide into
small cells, which again divide, forming a mass
of minute blackish cells (as may be seen by lifting
the epidermis of a leaf thus affected), spreading
their sporiferous filaments in all directions. The
effects are difierent on different parts of the plant.
On a leaf the part afl'ected blackens and dies, but
the rest of the leaf remains sound. On the bark
crevices and nodes are formed, which, however,
are not generally conspicuous. On the fruit it is
difierent. The su])erficial growth is partially
checked by tlie presence of the parasite, whilst
that of the minor parts continues; consequently,
unless relieved by early excision, the fruit be-
comes deformed, the dead parts distend, and the
exterior cracks, exposing the sound portions
within. The existence, sometimes unnoticed, of
the fungus on the bark of particular individuals
explains its reappearance year after year on their
fruit, although it may not be found on their neigh-
bors. The peculiarity may be comnuniicated by
grafting."

SCRAPS AND QUERIES.

The Wkatheii ix New York. — S. F. T.,
Saratoga Springs, New York, under date of
•January 4, writes : " Thinking that the en-

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

53

closed might be of some value to show the
sudden changes of a northern New York climate,
I send it, and also the weather report for De-
cember, 1877, which you will notice is very
mild. Our first real snow storm (northeast) is
at hand to-day, after another change last night
from 7° below zero to 10° above.

•'The January number of the monthly is just
prime A 1, and you see that the article on
' Stoking a Fire ' is needed in this part of the
country."

[The Daily Saratogian., New York, as referred
to above, says :

" Between 11 o'clock last night and 7 o'clock
this morning the temperature of the weather
changed 27 degrees. At Terwilliger's green-
I houses on South street at 11 o'clock the ther-
j mometer indicated 14° above zero, and at 7
I o'clock 13° below, making a difference of 27° in
I eight hours."

] It has been, so far. n delightful winter. For
a couple of nights in Germantown the ther-
i mometer made a hasty visit to 10° above zero,
but to-day, January 12th, the temperature is 50°,
and the atmosphere as genial and balmy as an
April day.— Ed. G. M.]

Literature, Travels I Personal Notes.

COMMUNICA TIONS.

"THE FERNS OF NORTH AMERICA."

BY T. G. GENTKY.

The first part of the superb work, which bears
the above title, has lately been issued by the
Naturalists' Agency. A work which should
accurately describe and appropriately illustrate
our American species of ferns, has long been
needed in this country. The few which have
been delineated are scattered through so many
foreign publications that considerable trouble is
experienced in finding them. Even in many of
our finest libraries these works are generally
wanting.

But the one before us, judging of the whole b}'
the past, cannot fail to meet the necessity. The
high character of Prof. Eaton, who prepares the
text, and the reputation of Mr. Emerton, the j
ai'tist, whose drawings are unequalled, are assur- j
ances that the work will be carefully, thoroughly
and accurately done. The interest which is
manifested in the undertaking by Dr. Gray, and
others no less eminent in science, should con-
vince us of the excellence of the work, even
though other guarantees should be lacking.

Ferns have always attracted the attention and
won the admiration of every true lover of
Nature, not more by the elegance of their dark
green foliage than by the gracefulness of their
forms. Although ignorant of their names and
the details of their growth and structure, man
has never ceased to show his fondness for them.
Shut out from such knowledge by the technicali-
ties of science which enters so largely into our
common text-books, a deep interest is never-

theless manifested in these beautiful objects of
creation. This is evidenced by the care bestowed
upon their culture, and upon the arrangement of
them into suitable devices for the boudoir and
drawing-room.

Who does not love ferns? The laughing,
romping schoolgirl, as she trips leisurely along,
anon stops from her journey to pluck them from
their hiding places. And even the careful, busy
housewife steals away from her weary labors to
tend these idols of her affection. It is not merely
to the scientific student that they bring unnum-
bered pleasures, for all in whom dwell a love for
the beautiful in Nature render homage to these
lovely children of the groves. But it is to the
naturalist that they yield their profoundest
wonders and most inspiring beauties.

There is no reason why these things should be
hidden from minds that move in narrower
spheres. Every effort that is made tending to
the popularization of science, should be en-
couraged by ever}' laudable means. Books should
be written, not to reflect the erudition of authors,
but to render easy and simjile, as well as intelli-
gible to the masses, the truths of which they
speak. A due amount of pure science is often
indispensable and sometimes unavoidable. En-
glish writers should adhere more rigidly to the
Saxon element of the language and show less
preference to the Lathi and Greek elements.

Few books of a scientific character are written
that fully commend themselves to popular favor.
Those that do exist are mostly replete with the
dryest details, which are clothed in Latinized
expressions. Their tedium is often unrelieved
by a single illustration. Not so with the
one about which we are writing. In it a happy

54

THE CARDJ'.XI'.R'S MOX IIIJ.V

\ /''i/>rinin\

luediiiin has been kept in view. It rontiiiiis
euouijlj of scitMK'ci to satisfy, without tl«)\ in^, thi-
ahnora>al ajjpotite of the thorounjh-ijoinj; sci-
entist; hut, at the same time, the popular reader
is drawn to i(s paijes hy tlie ])erspi(nily of its
phraseoIo<;y, tiie simplicity of its arraiincmeiit.
and thflu'auty of its iUustrutions.

I ( aiinot allow the i)resent opportunity to
pa>s unnoticed without makinji a few favorable
conunents upon the mechanical part of the work.
The excellence of the typo<j;rai)hy and the supe-
rior (piality of the paper, whi('ii was manufat-
tured exjjressly for it, are in harmony with the
otlier j)arliculars. The enterj)risinij; pul)lisher is
deserving: of unstinted praise for his part of flic
undertaking. May this beautiful and matchless
work meet with a success commensurate with the
wishes of all concerned.

PROTECTION TO NOVELTIES.

nv KIOEXK GLEN, IU)( HESTER, N. V.

In dLscussinj^ the probable result of a horti-
cultural copyright law upon the sale of inferior
sorts, we must, of course, consider its permanent
rather than its immediate effect. It may be
true that while the system is new, and the pub- '
lie are unacciuaintcd with its nature, some igno- '
rant people may be led to believe that the fact
that a variety has a copyrighted name is an
additional reason for purchasing specimens of it ; i
but it is difficult to conceive that on the start
such people can be humbugged any more than
they now are ; and as even this class now under-
stand that a plow or other implement is »io bet-
ter because it is patented, it cannot be doubted
that they will soon learn that the same is true
of a tree or plant upon which a copyrighted
name is claimed.

What is necessary to protect people from
inferior varieties is familiarity with the claims
of good sorts ; and if we place those having good
sorts to offer in a position where they will be
reasonably certain of a fair return for so doing,
they will not hesitate to incur the CApense of
familiarizing people with the merits of these
varieties. I'nder the proposed law, a nursery-
man holding a copyright upon the name of a
good sort would see that all trade for it which
could be developed under that name would come
to him, and that no such advantage could accrue
to the advertiser of it under any other name.
Hence he would exhibit its products and adver-
tise its name and qualities in other ways so
thoroughly that the}' would Ijocome familiar to

• very household in tlie laiul. 'Ilu' iiolder of the
nanic of a poor sort could not ad'ord to pursue
this course, because every time it wa.s brought
in comparison with better varieties its reputa-
tion would sutler; and yet this method of de-
veloping a demand for a variety would become,
in a greater or less degree, a necessity of the
trade. Hence it would become necessary to
know that a variety is good before increasinu:
the expense of placing it on the market. Mere
novelty would cease to attract attention, and
the returns from pressing poor varieties would
become so unreniunerative that the number of
these which would pass beyond the crucial stage
of testing, and be brought to the attention of
the general public, would be proportionately
much less than it now is.

If any one questions the correctness of this
conclusion, let him calculate the chances of
profit he would have in introducing to the public
a dictionary or sewing machine wanting in real
merit, in competition with " Webster's " or the
" Singer " on the grounds that his book or ma-
chine is novel in its arrangement, and cannot be
had of other publishers or manufacturers. He
will then be enabled to determine, hi great de-
gree, whether the propesed law would retard or
quicken the sale of "Utah Hybrid'' cherry,
"Vermont Seedling" peach, "Tree Alpine"
strawberry, and other mythical or worthless
varieties which are now sold in large numbers
to even intelligent farmers who are not familiar
with their merits.

I'nder existing conditions a man does not
really press the sale of any variety of trees,
plants, or seeds beyond the stage of its novelty,
because people learn to know it by its name
wherefor the expense of so doing would inure
, largely to the benefit of less enterprising dealers,
who also offer it by this name — genuine or spur-
ious. At that point it must give way to a leader
hitherto unknown ; and the period during which
a leader can be successfully pressed as such, is
\ so limited that it becomes comparatively un-
important whether or not the article possesses
actual merits. As illustrating this point, let me
say that an intelligent nurseryman who has suc-
cessfully introduced a variety which he believes
to be superior, all things considered, to any of
its species going before it, and has brought it to
I a point where others are now producing it to a
limited extent, and a still larger number supply-
ing spurious specimens, recently informed one
that he already saw the importance of getting a

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

55

novelty in the same species, not because he can
hope to get a better sort, but for tlie reason that
he cannot much longer expect to retain the ben-
•efits of his advertising of this, and because he
must hereafter sell his genuine goods in compe-
tition with the spurious specimens referred to.
•Surely this indicates a vicious state of trade ;
and yet it is everyday experience.

1 have now shown as clearly 1 as can, without
unduly trespassing upon your columns, the na-
ture of and necessity for the proposed law ; that
it differs radically from, and is not open to any
of the serious objections which may be raised
against a horticultural patent law ; that in all
•essential particulars it is analogous iu principle
to the law of trade-marks, which have their
foundation in natural equity, and have been rec-
ognized and protected in all civilized countries
for ages ; that while it would prove a stumbling
block to rogues, it could not create monopolies,
and would not introduce anomalies into the laws
■or interfere with the i-ights of anybody ; that it
would lessen frauds now glaringly prevalent,
which from their nature, the circumstances un-
der which they are committed, and the period
which must elapse before their discovery, cannot
be reached directly, and by elevating horticul-
tural trades in public esteem inure to the benefit
of every honest member of those trades ; that
it would encourage the origination and introduc-
tion of new and improved varieties, and lessen
the sale of inferior sorts ; that it would weaken
•existing prejudices and stimulate many to take
^increased interest in the growth of fruits and
flowers. If my discussion of the subject has
been full, and my argitments sound, the measure
would be productive of great good. 1 may be
mistaken ; but having clearly set forth the
grounds of my opinion., and made at least a
■i^ood prima facie case, unprejudiced people will
not believe the measure unwise or impracticable
unless its opponents, if any. point out specifi-
cally wherein it will fail, and demonstrate the
•correctness of their assertions. If my reason-
ing has been fallacious in essential particulars,
•or if I have omitted to answer vital objections
to the proposed law, surely some of your many
readers will have discovered it, and be able to
point out wherein I am at fault. In view of the
importance of the subject, I trust that some one
will not hesitate to do this regardless of the con-
sequences to any argument. At the same time
I would i-emind such as may require it, that as
the proposed law does not resemble the patent

system in any respect, it will not answer here to
set up that as a target, and proceed to ridicule
it, as some have done.

I have several times invited opposition. I
would have been glad to have encountered it at
an earlier stage of the discussion. Thus far I
am without an adversary ; but I am not willing
to believe that the opponents of this measure, if
any, will permit the public to enter judgment
against them p7-o confesso, as the lawyers say.

EDITORIAL NOTES.

European Notes by the Editor— No. G. —
One of the most striking contrasts between
what may be termed the average crowd in Eng-
land and America, is a certain respectful tone
mingled with considerable familiarity on the
part of the former. The typical Yankee of the
story-books comes at you at once with the air of
an old acquanitance. He acts as if he thought
that in this world one man is about as good as
another, if not a little better •, and he sticks his
questions right into you without any compunc-
tion or apology whatever, as if no one you know
has any better right to do it. Not so with the
Englishman. He goes in pretty closely at first,
but lands a long way off in a sort of cat and
mousical way that leaves little room to be of-
fended by the time he brings up. It was in
Wiltshire, and he had a tolerably nice beaver
at the summit, and a "La Reine " rose (about
four inches over) on the lappel of his coat. We
had just emerged from the station, and with
hand towards his hat, he very politely remarked,
" American, I observe, sir. A great many
Americans call here, sir." Of course you can
only repl}-, "Indeed !" and he at once responds,
" Yes, sir ; and we likes 'em, too. They is gen-
tlemen who never bothers about odd sixpences."
We found in the long run that our friend was
the owner of " flys," and we made up our minds
that we knew a thing or two, and that there
should be no occasion for any " bother about
sixpences." To think 30U can see this beautiful
country by railroad, is a fraud. I found the best
plan was to take a "fly" for the day, and go
your own road, and suit yourself to your own
time. Tliis was my first experiment at " flying."
I found our friend of the beaver hat in due time.
" How much," said I, " will you charge to take
us to the Mai-quis of Salisbury's? As you re-
marked, we are Americans, and are perhaps lib-

56

THF. GARDENER'S MONTin.\

[February,

eral, but we like to know beforehand Just what
we are to pay.*' It wa* twelve miles out, and
the bargain was made that fur eighteen shillings
we should have that '* lly " lor the whole day.
and " we could pay it to the driver" on return.
We hand the driver the mom-y when back,
who takes it very thankfully, and we close our
pocketbook, but are brought up with, " You have
not remembered the tiger, sir.'' " Remembered
the tiger!" "Yes, sir; every gentleman re-
members the tiger, sir, and I was sure you would
like me to tell you, sir, what the gentleniens
here does." It is no use, of course, and we half
surrender with, " Well, how much i.s it?" " We
allays leaves that to the gentleman hi.sself, sir ;
but they never thinks, sir, the tiger worth less
than live shillings." And the five shillings go,
for you cannot forget that an "American never
bothers about sixpences." But it is over, you
think, and you feel relieved. But not yet,
my friend. ' ' There was four puts up, you know,
sir, and these cost a shilling each — four shil-
lings." It begins to be rather warm, and you
say, " We enquired first what we had to pay,
and was told just eighteen shillings." " Yes,
sir; its all right, sir; that was for the horse and
fly, sir ; but every gentleman, sir, pays for his
horse when he is fed." It is all done so gen-
teelly, and so politely, that I think the Ameri-
can man comes rather to like these extras at
last, and never feels so happy as when he has a
" bob " between his fingers just ready to bestow
on the first appeal to his " gentlemanship."

But that " fiy ride " to Lord Salisbury's was
worth all we paid. We passed the monument
which told of one of the bloodiest battles be-
tween the adherents of the Red and White
Roses. Far behind us, towards the great city,
we could just see in the horizon the glass domes
of the great Alexandra Palace twinkling like a
hundred stars in the morning sun. In the fields
in every direction were hundreds of mowers at
the hay, swinging the old scythes one after
another as unconcernedly as if there never was a
Yankee mowing machine in the world. Men
with forks were turning, and girls and women
with hand rakes gathering hay together, just as it
used to be in the olden time. It brought up all
the poetry of hay-niaknig, and seemed to put our
plain matter-of-fact way of disposing of the crop
at a sad discount. But of course farming is for
money; we were out for a pleasure ride, and
had but the poetry to see. All around were
countrv seats, some small and full of art. others

immense estates glorious with the touch of na^
ture. But no matter how large or how small
j the gardens might be, they were always well
cared for. We go through our country, and we
see where people have built great houses, and
laid out large grounds when they were well otl*,
but now in neglect and weeds. It is still the
"style" to keep the house, but no one seems-
to think he ha« gone down in society because he
lets his garden go down. But here the sign of
his status hangs from his garden, and when he
lets that go down, he may bid good-bye to bis-
rank, and take "apartments" somewhere. It
was certainly among the most remarkable of al!
our P^nglish and French experiences, that a neg-
lected garden, in the sense in which we should
understand it, never came once before my eyes.
Once I thought I had this unique sight. The
gate entered from the public highway. For
many rods the gardener took us through rank
weeds higher than our heads — much to our sur-
prise, till the old gardener explained that " it be
a notion of master's. He think the thieves be
fooled, and won't bother themselves to come hi'
after the fruit." And we must say that the gar-
den proper, when we got there, was a model of
cleanliness. The currants and gooseberries es-
pecially, which thrive so well in the English
climate, being sights to see. We ride along the
smooth turnpike road. The hawthorns are out
of flower, but the Dog rose, which, in spite of the
assertion of the books — which give the name to-
the sweet briar — we look on as the real "Eglan-
tine " of the poets, was in full bloom everywhere
by the wayside, and filled the air with a perfume
we doubt not fully equaled any that ever floated
over "Araby the blest." The colors vary from
white to deep rose, and the plants make huge
bushes by the wayside, often four or five feet
tlirough. Near these are the blackberries.

" That frnit full well the schoolboy knows,
Wild bramble and the brake,"

the brake especially, or bracken fern as it is-
sometimes called, which grows in the parks
where there is game, in immense profusion, for
which it makes a good cover.

We knew at once when we came to the estate
of the Marquis, not only by the profusion of this
fern, under the huge old oaks, but by the im-
mense quantities of Rhododendrons then in
bloom. Laurels (or kind of cherry with huge
evergreen leaves) and other things betokening
the large landed estates. Besides this a wall of"
concrete lined the main rnad for miles along (he-

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

5?

estate. These walls are cheaply made of gravel
mixed with the slacking lime, and then is put on
as so much mortar between a frame of boards.
This was a great failure, probably from the fact
of the lime not having been properlj' slacked in
the operation, or of too much clay being in the
gravel, and the weather had eaten large quantities
away, requiring, evidently, constant patching to
keep it up. Tliose with me thought it an evidence
that concrete walls were a failure ; but in other
parts of Biigland I saw them '' solid as a rock"
after thirty years of use. It strikes an American
strangely, after being accustomed to so much
forest variety in his own country, to see so much
sameness here. In almost all the woodland you
come to it is the same old tree — beautiful enough
in itself, but when continually repeated, as it is,
causes us to exclaim, that "everlasting oak!"
With so vast a field to choose from, the absence
of variety in English planting is very remark-
able. That I am not alone in this opinion, I
may be pardoned, I hope, for quoting from a
private letter from Sir Joseph Hooker, written
since his return from America, and who says, " It
seems strange to me that your beautiful Ameri-
can trees are not more appreciated by our people.
I believe they in time will be, though I may not
live to see them grow^n up in grandeur as they
are with you."

But our '"Tiger" announces that we are at
Hatfield, and we are set down at the ponderous
old oak gate. After a ring from a bell which
might serve for one of our churches, a sort of
port-hole flies open, and Ave hand our cards to
the stately porter, with an inquiry for om* old
friend, the gardener, whom we knew among our
associates ; it did not seem so very, very long ago.
But it was the same old story, "dead or miss-
ing;" and after the good old man had gone back
over about a dozen names, we gave it up for a
bad Job, and not witliout some w^onder at the
many changes, for we had looked on a gardener's
situation in England as one to be lield according
to the strict interpretation of the " tenure of
office act." However, we were directed to "Mr.
Norman," whom we found a comparatively
young man, and, as it is a pleasure to say, with
a full share of that intelligence which gives such
a charm to the best Old World gardeners, and
makes their company appreciated by what is
called in the Old World " the highest in the
land." The vegetable garden comprised about
seven acres, liad l>een but newly laid out, and
had no box as yet; and in its unfinished con-

dition it would perhaps be unfair to say that we-
in America can grow vegetables far better than
can be grown in England and at half the cost :;
for no doubt much better results will follow when
things are put to rights ; but when we get to the
forcing houses we see sights that make an
American look out of all the corners of his eyes-
at once. Of course, with our thousands of miles-
of territory, where, as I have seen, almost zero-
in Chicago, with oranges and scarlet sages two-
days after along the Gulf, there is not the same
necessity' for forced fruit ; but this does not take-
from the merit due to the wonderful skill of the
English gai'dener in forcing house fruit. Here-
there were strawberries — not by the single one
sliced to go all round, as one might suppose, but
hundreds on hundreds, of a size which would not
disgrace the fine fellows our Dr. Knox used to-
raise, hanging from the sides of the pots on the
shelves or lovingly reclining orv the eaith in the
pots in every direction. Strange, ver}^ strange^
it seemed to me from a country where we are
not satisfied unless we have a new kind of straw-
berry every ;year or two, to hear Mr. Norman
avow that the best kind he had yet was the
"Keen's Seedling," a variety which may soon
advertise its " centennial show." But there were
" Sir Charles Napiers', very large and handsome
too, but not to be depended on like the Keen."
The grape houses occupied perhaps 300 feet of
length of glass; and though the fruit was good
for so early a time of the year, they were not
superior to what we have seen among our own
June fruit crops under glass. The Foster's Seed-
ling Mr. Norman considers the best white for
early forcmg. He also praises highly the Mad-
resfield Court, a long purple-berried variety,
which he regards as quite as good as Black
Hamburg, and which ought to be high praise..
The plants were also very interesting. There
may have been about two dozen houses in all:,
everything good, but nothing so superb as the
perfect pot strawberry culture. The park and
grounds embrace about 1,500 acres, and under
the gardener about thirty hands are regularly
employed.

Almost all these old places are laid out on the
same general i)lan — straight avenues of trees,
often a mile or more in length, down which you
look through the vista from the w'indows of the
house. These trees were of Linden, and with
the peculiarity which struck me strangely in
many trees of England of having huge bulbous
bases. Our trees swell a little at the ground,.

oS

THE GARPEXfik'S MOXTHIY

[ Fthniin-v,

but here they roinnu'iicp four t)r live ft'et from
tho s;roniid to swoU, !\nd in these the lower parts
of the trunks were double the size, in many cases,
of the upjx'r portion. As alreiidy noted, the trees
in Eni:land do not irrow near so tall as ours, but
tlicy s])read more ; and I should Jud^^e these Jiin-
<lens were not niore than from forty to sixty feet
hii:li. T measured an oak here which proved IH
feet round, and yet could not be more that 50 feet
hiirh. There is nothinsr more interesting about
these old places than their associations with
remarkable events in history. It was here that
Elizabeth, afterward (^>ueen of Knsrland, was
kept a sort of prisoner durinu: her sister Mary's
reign. She wa.s very fond of gardening, and
during her residence here she gave her taste free
scope. There is a walk lined with Lindens which
have been sheared and clipi>ed into arches and
alcoves, jilanted by her direction, and which is
.still called Qut en p:iizabeth's Walk. But their
comparatively youthful age seems to me to indi-
date that they may have been set out in much
later times. A tree which she did plant, an oak,
is guarded with zealous care by a fence around it,
though but an old stump now. Prince Albert
set out two near it, one for himself and one for
the (^)ueen, which are thriving, and also are pro-
protected by a fence. There is also on the
ground a queer old maze, in which it is said the
Princess Elizabeth loved to wander. This is of
Yew, while the one I saw at Hampton Court was
•of Beech. I should think after one journey
through such a place the novelty would wear otf.
At least, on this occasion I was willing to sit on
the grass and admire the " gowans fine,"' while
mj- companion amused herself in the tangled
paths ; and I cheerfully submitted to her decision
that I only remained outside for fear of being
lost. and had not as much courage as slu^ had. It
is said that in these grounds, while in her favo-
rite garden walk, Elizabeth received the news of
her sister's death, by which she walked out one
step from this pretty prison to the heavenly
throne.

It is one of the pleasant characteristics of the
li^nglish aristocracy, that they take pleasure in
•sharing with the rest of the world the treasures
■of history and of art that they may possess, and
it is rarely that a respectable person fails to gain
admiitance to any part of the establishment
when the family is not at home. On the present
• occasion the only requirement was that we should
leave our cards for the inspection of the Marquis,
•and enter our names in a book in the grand hall.

As everywhere we went, so here we found traces
of America; for in the att»'ndant"s hand were
cards from one of our I'hiladelphia neighbors,
and of Mr. Munn — we sup|)ose(l of the IScientiJic
American — New York. Everything that may
remind one of the past is religiously preserved,
even to (^ueen Elizabeth's silk ><tockings — tlie
first pair ever known in England — aiul her old
garden hat. If I mistake not, the Marquisate
was created early in the seventeenth century ;
and a.s the portraits of the gay lords*and fair
ladies hang everywhere on the castle walls, and
there are mementoes of iinunneral)le «lescrip-
tions in every direction of all these distinguisht d
people for these past three hundred years, the
only regret one feels at seeing them is that he
cannot have a few weeks instead of a few hours
to study them.

Hattiekl House makes no pretension to any
superb gardening. There are many places far
superior in these respects ; but it is an average
of the general run of these comfortable old
homes, and so we .selected it.

It was my purpose to take about three or so
of these old mansions as a type of the grounds
of the older section of England's nobility ; but
what can I do in a little magazine which comes
out but once a month, and Methuselah's expe-
rience not likely to l^e repeated in any case. I
cannot close the chapter on this branch without a
brief sketch of the home of theJenkinsons — ananie
historical in connection with English politics, and
; of which family the late Earl of Liverpool was so
[ widely known ; Buxted Park, in Sussex, and now
1 in the possession of Colonel and Lady Catharine
j Harcourt — liady Catharine being the daughter of
the late Earl.

I have already noted how far away from school

I was in my boyhood days, and how many difti-

culties were in the way of obtaining an education

in the higher branches of intelligence. I often

; look back gratefully to the friends who kindly

' aided me under these difficult circumstances,

and there are few whom, in after life, I felt so

much indebted to for their wai'm and substantial

encouragement, as to Colonel and Lady Har-

I court. The last letter of good wishes, when a

I boy I resolved to leave my native land, was

from them, and it was naturally grateful to find, on

my landing in England now, a letter awaiting me,

inviting me to spend a few days at Buxted Park.

! Lady C. had for some time been an invalid, and

even intimate friends had rareh' been admitted

to her presence of late, and I thus felt it the

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

59

more an honor to be allowed to see and talk
with xny early benefactress and friend.

The estates are very lar<>e — I am almost afraid
to say how lai'ge, for fear I have forgotten accu-
racy, bnt I believe about 15,000 acres. The large
liouse is delightfully situated among particularly
grand old trees, and it is no wonder that it was
^a great favorite with the Dutchess of Kent, and
the Princess — afterwards Queen Victoria — who
frequently visited there. Most of the trees that
T met with in England gave the impression of
under size in comparison with ours, but on this
•estate were some of the most remarkable trees
that I saw in all England. In the old church-
yard near the mansion house, is a Yew tree which
measured twenty-six feet in girth several feet
from the ground. I took the trouble to make an
accurate measurement of its height, which was
ififty-nine feet, and the diameter or "spread" of
the branches was seventy-five feet across. I have
no doubt the tree was much older than the oldest
'of the mammoth trees of California. As in most
•of the old English places, a grand vista formed
hy a double line of trees leads from the house.
In this case these were of Elms, and were perhaps
eighty feet high. I measured an average one,
■and found the trunk fourteen feet round. Many
specimen trees on the grounds were of majestic
proportions. A Beech tree, twenty-three feet in
•circumference, was quite remarkable, and a meas-
urement near the ground — as so many measure —
made it forty feet ! The huge head was ninety
feet across. Among English Ashes, twelve feet
in circumference was a common measurement;!
and as they had had room to develop their heads \
for perhaps hundreds of years (for trees live to
a great age in England, as compared with ours), I
they were perfect models of beauty. It is strange i
how much the climate of England favors long I
life in trees. One of the earliest inti'oductions i
•of our Locust is here eight feet round; but its
life is nearly gone. Though the tree is native to !
our own country, I never saw it in such wonder-
ful beauty as it exhibits in England and France.,]
And then the Rhododendrons ! On this estate |
•they were truly grand. Specimens sixteen feet ;
high, and nearly as wide, were common. The}^
tare planted here in immense quantities; indeed
natural sown seedlings abound. Their favorite
place of germination seemed to be under the
•coniferous trees. I lifted the bi'anch of a beau- J
tiful Deodar cedar, in order to measure the trunk, '
:and found seedling Rhododendrons in thousands
Jbeneath. On inv own grounds I have an Abies

Pindrow, which I have been twenty years getting
up to three feet high, and I could not but so far
envy a climate wiiich gave one here twenty-five
feet. What a beautiful thing it is with age I The
habit is pendulous as it grows. The Turkey oak,
with its beautiful spread of branches, makes a
grand object. I afterwards saw larger ones on
other estates in England, but these — one nearly
ten feet round — were large enough to be remark-
able. One of the most remarkable objects in
the tree line is a Silver Eir — Abies pectinata —
which was thirteen and a half feet round, as
perfect m form as we generally see this beautiful
tree ; but at five feet from the ground a huge
arm extended itself in a horizontal direction. I
suppose it was an accident in its younger days ;
but I wonder people do not often make such
accidents on purpose, so as to have such pictur-
esque objects as the trees grow.

I have already remarked on the general scar-
city of American trees in English gardening. It
was a pleasure to find more than usual here. But-
ternuts, Catalpas, Red Oaks, and others showed
that we were quite at home. An Abies nobilis,
some fifty feet high, was very beautiful, and the
Douglas Spruces and other representatives of the
coniferie of our western coast, made me wish
our Atlantic district would grow things like these.

The flower-beds here, as is generally the case
in most of the old English gardens, are on a
complex geometrical plan, when near the dwell-
ing, as more in keeping with architectural design.
The more natural styles are reserved for the more
distant parts of the grounds. In the geometrical
gardens but one, or at best a few kinds are
grown in each bed, arranged according to har-
monies. The plants for these are selected by
Lady Ilarcourt, as is the usual practice with cul-
tivated English ladies, and the gardeners see to
haying all the kinds ready by bedding time in
Spring. Hardy ferns are a great delight to Lady
H., and the Fern garden is one of the attractions
of Buxted Park. It is arranged as a rockery, in
a piece of wood, with walks through in every
direction, aflbrding easy access to all. Here were
many hundreds of kinds, species and varieties,
all plainly and accurately named. I made here
the memorandum, that while there were many
things so beautiful in England our climate and
circumstances would deny to us, there was no
reason why any one who had a piece of woods
should not have a hardy fern garden ; and I made
a resolve when I returned to my own land that
I would have one for myself at any rate.

60

/•///'; CANDI-.XI'.K'S .\fOXTin. >

[ Fthnmry,

I had thou^jht to pive three Bketchee of larpe
pstntc's in tliis chapter, but it is already too lonj;.
I may perhaps yet <;ive the tliird; but there are
public parks, botanic >:ardens, cemeteries, woods
:in<l I'orests.and numbcrlessotherfhin^'S I tlioufiht
I would like to ^'ive brief sketches of, and all
before Spring, when I may again lly away some-
where.

Since writing the above, the papers tell of the
death of the good I.ady of liuxted Park. An

never have been his ta«k. He believes that iu
his humble way his work has given pleasure to-
thousands, and who will therefore share with him
his s<»rrow at her death.
A IJoiJi's AoKNT. — A man calling himself A.M..
Waters and other names, professing to be an
agent for the (iAUDKNEK's M().\Tiii>v,has tleecedt
a number of poor gardeners by offering premiums
as inducements, worth about seven dollars, for a
$2 subscription. (Jf course, every one who reads-

/^

ISKGOXIA ACHUNi:

editor's life is not his own. Twenty years of
associatioTi with his readers make a history that
might be personal, partly theirs. In this view,
the editor of the Gardener's Moxtiily felt
no hesitation, in the former part of this sketch,
in expressing his deep sense of obligation to
Colonel and Lady Catharine Ilarcourt for their
early countenance and encouragement, and with-
out which this Gardener's Monthly might

the Monthly knows we never otler '• shears ""
or any thing else as '' premiums," and it is
hardly worth taking up room by a "warning"
here. We fancy the rogue aims to be something
of a wag. as he proposes the gift of a pair of
shears to his victims. It is strange that any one
will trust $2 to a total stranger before even the
shears are in hand; and only that we are told
hundreds have done so. we could not believe it.

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

61

Catalogues of Jas. Vietch & Sons, Chel-
:SEA, London.— The commercial literature is so
-voluminous that it is only in exceptional instan-
cces we can afford space to enter into details.
The leading nurserymen not only spend im-

beautifuUy illustrated. Messrs. Vietch are
among the pioneers in introducing the new half
hardy tuberous rooted Begonias, and which
have recently attracted so much attention in our
magazine, in view of their probable adaptation

BEGONIA KAT.LISTA.

■mense sums in obtaining everything valuable, \ to out-.loor summer gardening. That our read-
but also largely in instructing the people. Herelers may compare the American varieties with
-before us is'a set of catalogues which are really \ those being introduced into English gardens^ we
■books beautifully printed, and which altogether \ give with this illustrations of two new ones trom
make two hundred and thirty-seven pages, often ; Messrs. Vietch's catalogue.

r.2

Tin-: (.iARDEXEirs Moxrm.y

[ I-'thntan .

Tkk1'> Kou I'rBKU 'NVoitK. — Profi'ssor ('. S.
S:iiii«'nt . as we 8p»' by the Boston iiapcrs. is
tloiiiir Horticulture fjocKl service l)y showinj: IJos- i
loiiiatis how iiuich they have to pay for the hick
ut' wisdom. Instead of <;oins; (Hrcctly to the
nurseries, and tindini; for themselves where tlu-y
can ;;et thinj^s tin- cheapest and the l)est, it
appears the Boston (Mty Fathers, like their
brethren elsewhere, are attracted by pretty pic-
ture books, and smooth tongues, which come
before them, and kindly "save them all trouble"
—for three prices on original cost ! In addition
to this evil, it is only the commonest kind of
trees that are bought in this way, as it is only
the overstocks doomed by the regular imrsery
trade to the bon-fire that get " pushed otf " by
this pei*sonal urgency or agency, and thus few of
inu- rare or beautiful trees get a place in the
public works. In this category of silly public
otticers, we must, however, exclude the Central
and Prospect Parks of New York, when under
the control of F. L. Olmstead; the Buffalo
Parks, the lioard of Public Works at "Washing-
ton, and possibly a few others which employed
purchasing agents of. the highest honor and tree
knowledge who were above receiving "commis-
sions," or any other bribes for sales, and the
result is, these places have trees which for rare
value, and in the lowness of their cost* compare
favorably with the trees of any public gardens
ill the land. Robert R. Porter, in a recent paper
on "Public Debts," says that the "trees in
most of our public parks have 'steal' written
all over them." We are willing to believe that
it is as often ignorance or indifference as "steal;"
but in any event they are most disgraceful, and
we again thank Prof. Sargent for his good offices
in trying to induce a better state of things.

SYLvicrxTURE. — By Hon EliK. Price. This
essay on forest culture is a paper read before the
American Philosophical Society, and by them
published in the Transactions. Mr. Price has
passed his three score and ten, but is still hale and
hearty, and has spent his many years in great
activity for the public good. As one of the
Boai'd of Commissioners of Fairmount Park,
its tree-planting interests have mainly been un-
der his control, and in every way possible he has
thrown the weight of his great influence into the
cause of tree culture. The great botanist
Michaux left a sum of money to Philadelphians
for tree-planting, and Mr. Price shows m this
essay how much good it has done. He is a be-
liever in the theorv that trees and the rainfall are

iiitiinately connected, and enters into the hisl(»ri-
cal (juestions connected with th;il view. This, in-
deed is the key-note of the essay. He shows what
has been done in some quartt-rs for tree-planting,
and points out the <:ood that will follow from a
more extentled pi act ice.

The Sciknc k OnsKUVEH. Boston, a monthly
published by the Amateur Scientific Society, at
.')0 cents per annum. Astronomical matters
receive particular attention.
The Am KKUANXATruALisT has been removed
from Boston to Philadelphia, having Ijet'ii pur-
chased by some Philadelphia scientists. It is
now under the Joint editorship of Messrs. Packard,
of Salem, Mass., and Cope, of Philadelphia. The
January number shows that the scientific value
of the magazine has not suffered by the change.,
while the publishers' department is as perfect
as need be. McCalla & Stavely are the new
publishers.

The Game of ]3(jtan'y. — By C. W. See lye,.
Rochester, N. Y. This is a game of playing
cards, in which botanical characters are used,
and it serves alike to while away a pleasant
evening in amusement, and conveys instruction
at the same time We thought the best test
would be to submit the cards to a nest of chil-
dren, and as in a few minutes they were very
much absorbed in it,* we feel bound to say the
idea is a great success.

Acknowledgements. — John R. Anderson,
/jf New York, is issuing handsome little books.,
giving the " Little Folks" described in Dickens*
works. "Little Paul," of Dombey & Son, is
now' on our table.

The Illustrated Annual of Rukal.
Affairs, by J. J. Thomas, published by
the Country Gentleman. This is the twenty-
fourth year of the appearance of this very useful
serial.

The American Bookseller is a list of
books — almost everything in the book trade —
that may be had of the American News Co..
New York. It gives copies of some of the illus-
trations contained in the leading works, and
which make this catalogue itself a beautiful
book. It is sold at a nominal price — 30 cents.

Yick's Illustrated Monthly Magazine..
— This, which has long been published quarterly
as Vick's Floral Guide., is to be henceforth issued
monthly under the above title. The first number
is now before us, and we need scarcely say to those
who were familiar with it in its old form, that it
is a very useful publication. Mr. Yick is full of

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

6?.

life and enterprise in his business, and has the
good wishes of all in whatever he undertakes.

H. E. Chitty. — This gentleman, formerly
superintendent of the Bellevue Company, of
Paterson, and well known to our readei's, has
commenced business for himself, as a florist, in
the same town. The Bellevue Company con-
tinue the old business as before.

Dr. C. C. Parry. — This indomitable botan-
ical explorer is about to make a collecting tour
through Mexico.

Col. M. p. Wilder. — It will please our read-
ers to learn that this veteran horticulturist is
still iu excellent health; at least we judge so
from the full account the Boston papers give of
his address before the recent annual meeting of
the New England Historical and (xenealogical
Society.

Mr. Briggs, of Marysville. — Almost every
one who has followed the development of Califor-
nia fruit growing, is familiar with "Brigg's Peach
Orchard," at Marysville, one of the pioneers of
this branch of h-irticulture in California, and
will learn with regret of his decease, as we note
by a recent California paper.

Thomas J. Mackenzie. — We regret to
announce the death of Mr. Thomas J. Mac-
kenzie, the well-known florist of Philadelphia,
who died on the 6th of January, in the 40th year
of his age. He was the only son of the late Mr.
Peter Mackenzie, who was one of the earliest
and most enterprising of Philadelphia florists,
to whose successful business the son succeeded.
Mr. Mackenzie was elected a member of the
of the City Council of Philadelphia last year,
and died on the day appointed for taking his seat
in .that body.

Dr. J. P. Kirtlaxd. — It it to be expected
that, now its twentieth year, many of the earlier
friends of the Gardener's Monthly should be
passing away. Our venture liad no better frfend
than Dr. J. P. Kirtland, and, though full of

years and honors, we learn of his decease with
profound regret. His private letters of encour-
agement were always welcome; and he loved
to dwell on the welcomeness of the Monthly,.
as reminding him of the tdty in which he
received his medical education. Tiie Mass.
Horticultural Society, ever alive to the honor of
Horticulture all over the Union, recently passed
resolutions of sorrow in his behalf, and we hope
to give in our next the preparatory remarks of
Col. Wilder,as a brief but excellent condensation
of the life and services of our deceased friend.

SCRAPS AND QUERIES.

Floral Decorations.— A New York pub-^
lisher very kindly sends the following note :
"Floral Decorations for the Dwelling House,"'
etc., by Annie Hazzard, "American edition re-
vised, London and New York, Macmillan & Co..
Retail, :$1.75. In reply to Mrs. R., page 12,
Gardener's Monthly, Jan., 1878 : Not a bid for
a trade, as we don't have it."

Shittim Wood. — Thoughtlessly, while writing
last month, we gave Acacia Farnesiana as the pro-
bable tree, which, as we are kindly reminded by a
correspondent, is a native of the New World.
If we had referred to works, instead of trusting
the memory, as we ought to have done, it would
have saved us the mistake. That an Acacia
really existed in Egypt seems to be proved by
the researches of Braun, as recentl}' translated
from the German in the Gardener's Chronicle..
Bruce, in his Travels, remarks that "the Aca-
cia in theThebard seems to be the only indigen-
ous tree." Dr. Shaw, another Eastern traveler,
speaks of the Acacia as growing in Arabia Pe-
tra?a, and suggests that it may be the Shitiim
Wood. As we knew the Acacia grew there, and
that it agrees with accounts of the wood, it is
probably correct that the Acacia Nilotica, or
Acacia vera, of Wildenow, is the real Shittim
Wood.

Horticultural Societies.

COMMUNICA riONS.

KANSAS STATE HORTICULTURAL
SOCIETY.

BY H. E. VANDEMAN, GENEVA, KAN.

Tlie eleventh annual meeting of this institu-

! tion was held at Parsons, on the 11th. 12th, and
j 13th of December, 1S77.

I Several gentlemen from Missouri, and a lady
j from Illinois, favored us with their presence,
I and participated in the exercises of the meeting.
! Each year new recruits are enlisted, and we hope
the Societv's fleld of usefulness is enlarged.

«4

TJIE GARDENER'S MOyTHLV

\^Ecbniaiy,

Only cij^ht yoars !iij« thv pliicc of nicptins was
the honu- of the Osaiic Indians, ("onscquontly
the orchards an' youn^'.and but tVw apples couhl
be shown that wore jjrown in the immediate vi-
•cinity of Parsons. But the older counties were
not behind in displayinj,' the products of their
orchards for the pleasure and instruction of those
attending the meetin<i. I think there were per-
hajis no tiner apples shown at the Centennial

FPrTORIAL XOTFS.

ADDKKSS OF MAKSIIAL I". WII.DKIt.
(Coiitinaed from page 31).

THE PEUFECTION ATTAINKU IN THE CANNING
AND DUYING OF FHl'ITS.

The cannin<; process has been broujjht to j^reat
perfection, and that of drying' jjroniises to Ix-come
even more useful, when it shall have arrived at
Exhibition by Kansas than were seen upon the its utmost development, posscssin-^ the ^^reat
tables of the Society here at liome. advanta^".; for transportation of reducing,' the

. weiirht three-fourths or more by the removal of

Oneof the most interesting subiectsdunnfr the water, and rendering it capable of shipment to

nieeting was '* The New Early Peaches in Kan. all climes, and of being preserved perfectly for

sas " w-hich was introduced by a special report years. We need not fear an overstock, as many

by'a member of the Society, and discussed at J^^' ^^y\^"ll ^Jl'^l^^l':^'' be devised for its use.
"J , ' A 1 The extent of this business is already immense,

length by nearly every one present. Amsden, i^^^ j j^.^^. ^^.g^ u„able to procure anV statistics.
Alexander, and Early Beatrice take the lead Six canning firms in California einploy two
now as the newer yarieties have not yet fruited thousand women and children, and turn out from
here. There are at least fifty new seedlings one and one-half to two millions of dollars
,. ,.„. ^ i V XI i^L X xi x vearly in amount of soods. Figs and grapes

reported from difterent parts of the State that ^ ^^^^ ,/pj,,„ extensively dried in California. The
are perhaps as good as Amsden or Alexander. | quantity of raisins already produced annually is
Do not be surprised if Kansas takes the early j estimated at 400,000 pounds or more. Although
neach prize yet ' "^* ^^^ equal in quality to those imported from

' ' ' -^ * P^urope, it is believed Ihat with further experi-

The result of the discussion on the cherry was | ^nce they will be produced of the highest excel-
siniilar to that of former years — that the Early j lence. Of dried fruits there were cured in that
Kichmond and other varieties of the Morello j ^tate, by the Alden Company alone, seventy-
^, 1 1 • J xi X I • five tons. As time advances there will doubt-

family are the only kmds that succeed in our | ^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^. ^^j^^^. ^^^^j^^ 5^^^^.^^^^^^^^^ j.^^. ^,^il.^i,j„

State. All the Mazzards, the Biggareau, and | any surplus of abundant seasons. Well does a
even the Kentish yarieties are almost a total writer remark, '" T-liere ought to be a score of
failure here. The trees die from sun-scald, or ! elegant and nutritious preparations in all our
, ,. markets, thus adding to the variety ot fresh and

some SUCH aisease. , pj.gpj^j.e,j fj-^itj.^ .juj superseding the wretched

Vegetable gardening occupied an important pastry and other abominations now in vogue."

part of the meeting. The use of the horse was
strongly urged in place of so much hand-hoeing,
as is common. Even in our rich, and in some
cases loose soil, undcrdraining is thought to be
almost indispensable to a good garden.

There were many valuable papers on the vari- „ . ,. i /,

,. . i 1 vi 1 i- lA 1,- I, I if landed in cood condition. Australia and irer-

ous subjects connected with horticulture, which J'^^^'l'-^^^ ^.-„,,,^, \n^m.^^^<^ quantities of dried
were quite fully discussed. All these will ap- ] f^uit'^ ^^^^ England prefers fresh fruit.

REVENUE FROM FRriT CULTURE.

The foreign market for our fruits is now as
well established as that for our wheat. Compe-
tent judges unite in the opinion that the Euro-
pean and Australian markets are prepared to
take increasing quantities of fresh and dry fruit

pear in the report of the Society for 1877, which
will be ])ublished within a few months ; and if
any of the readers of this little sketch feel inter-
ested enough, and will send to G. C. Bracket,
Lawrence, who is secretarj', he will receive a
copy of the same as soon as published.

The officers elected for the current year are.
for President, Prof. E. (iale. of Manhattan.

■There have been shipped to foreign ports
from this country since last October three hun-
dred and ninety-six thousand barrels of apples.
In December last (1870), there were sent on an av-
erage over twenty thousand barrels per week, or
ninety thousand barrels for the month. These
consisted mostly of the Baldwin, Rhode Island
Greening and Newtown Pippin. The English
like red apples best, and so it has been from the
reign of Henry VIII, red apples generally com-

Yice-Presidcnt, Robert Milliken, of Emporia • I manding the best price. A decided^ preference

Secretary, G. C. Brackett, of Lawrence ; Treas-
urer, F. Wellhouse, of Leavenworth; Trustees,
H. E. Yandeman, of Geneva; E. P. Diehl, of
Olathe ; G. Y. Johnson, of Lawrence.

is given to American apples. The English mar-
ket can take from twelve to fifteen thousand
barrels per week, and shipments sell readily,
varying in price from three dollars and fifty
cents to ten dollars per barrel.

(To be continued.)

THE

GARDENER'S MONTHLY

AND

HORTICULTURIST.

DEVOTED TO HORTICULTURE, ARBORICULTURE AND RURAL AFFAIRS.

Edited by THOMAS MEEHAN.

Vol. XX.

MARCH, 1878.

Number 231.

Flower Garden and Pleasure Ground.

SEASONABLE HINTS.

This is particularly the month to pay attention
to the hardy annuals. The sooner they are
sown, the finer they will flower; that is, provided
they are really hardy. Tender annuals, such as
Globe amaranthus, Balsams, &c., rot if they are
sown before the weather becomes quite warm.
The seedmen's catalogues usually distinguish
these classes for their customers. In sowing an-
nuals, the soil should be slightly stirred with a
broad-bladed knife or trowel ; and after the seeds
are sown, they should have a little soil sprinkled
over them, about one-sixth of an inch deep, ac.
cording to the size of the seeds ; barely enough
to cover is all that is required. Failures usually
arise from the seeds being buried too deeply.
Failures also frequently occur from the soil with i
which the seeds are covered being to stiff or
clayey, "baking" after a rain. Light sandy
earth or decayed vegetable loam from the woods !
should be employed for the purpose. Stick a j
peg in where the seeds are sown, so that when '
turning out the plants in May from pots, the an-
nuals will not be disturbed. Also take care to
preserve the names of the kinds. This is a great
part of the interest in flower-garden.

Walks should now have their spring-dressing —
the verges cut, and a thin coating of new gravel
laid on. Before putting on the new, harrow up
the face of the old gravel with a strong iron-
toothed rake. Roll well after the new is laid on.

This is the proper season to lay down box-

edgings. To make them properly, the soil along
the line of the edge should be first dug, and
then trod very hard and firm, so tliat it may-
sink evenly together, or the line will present
ugly-looking undulations in time. Rooted plants
should he employed; cuttings are sometimes
used, but frequently die out in patches ; a good
edge can rarely be made from them. The plants
should be set pretty low down, leaving the
plants, when set, one or two inches above the
soil, according to their stockiness. Sometimes
box edgings are laid around beds formed in gra-ss.
"When so, a few inches of clear ground should be

j kept clean between the grass and the box, or the
weeds will l)e so intermixed with the box, after

; awhile, as to render it a nuisance.

: Herbaceous plants do badly if several years in
one place. Every second year, at this season,

' take up and divide them. Sow as soon as possi-
ble some hardy annuals. The earlier they are
in the ground after the frost leaves it, the finer

1 they bloom.

j Ornamental hedges judiciously introduced into
a small place, add greatly to its interest. No
easier method ofi"ers whereby to make two acres
of garden out of one in the surveyor's draught.
The arbor-vitJB (Chmese and American), Hem
lock, Holh', Beech, Hornbeam, Pyrus japonica,
Privet and Buckthorn may be applied to this
purpose.

Shrubs are not near enough employed in plant-
ing small places. By a judicious selection a
place may be had in a blooming state all the
year; and they, besides, give it a greater interest

G6

TJIK GARDEMiR'S MOMIIIA

IManh,

bv tln'ir variety, than is obtaiiiotl hv the too fro- maritini:i ; 7, ('haniii'i)t'iic<» cassaboMii' ; and H,
qiU'nt rrror of tilliM<:; it up with l)Ut two or three rvretlinini iiartlienil'oliein aureuni.
fort'st trees of jiiiiantic ^owth. Phint thickly at Skt i\. — I. Cannahis jxi<;antea •, 2, C'anna
first, to fxivo the place a finished appearance, Marcilml vaillaut ; ii, Zea Japonica fol. var; 4,
and thin out as they ijrow oldiT. Masses of Salvia eoceinea ; 5, Centaurca £»ymnocarpa ; 0,
shrubs have a tine etfect on a small place. The (Jeraniuni General Grant ; 7, Achyranthus (Jil-
oenter of sueh masses should be tilled with ever- sonii : and B, Lobelia sj)eeiosa.
"n-en shrubs, to prevent a naked appearance in Skt v. — l,Iticinus santruineus ; some of this
the winter season. i^'enus grow almost too large, especially corn-
Many things that appear frosted a little at the munis, and are rather too rough for foliage-beds,
tops should be severely cut down; it will pre- single specimens in asheltered situation are good;
vent disappointment in the end. Shoots that are or may be put in occa.sional openings in the
injured in winter — especially in the ca.se of the shrubberies. 2, Nereum 01eand<:r; .'i, Salvia
rose — will often have just sullicient vigor left to | patens ; 4, Salvia patens; 5, Achyranthus Lin-
enable them to put forth leaves, and sometimes denii ; (>, Salvia candidissima ; 7, Alteranthera
even go so far as to attempt to llower, and then versicolor; and 8, Cerastium tomentosuni.
die off suddenly under the first hot sun. Set vi. — Gynerium argenteum ; 2, Lantana ::
.♦♦— j 3, Lantana; 4, Coleas Emperor Napoleon; 5,

i Cineraria maritima ; G, Coleus Queen Victoria ;

I 7, Ageratum album nanum ; and 8, Alteran-

! thera spathulata.

; Set VII. — l,Solanuni Warscewiczii ; 2, Cala-

^„ ,, , 1. , 1 xi • 1 • c \y I dium esculentum;3, Amaranthus melancholicus:;

Of all shapes of beds, the circle IS preferable I ^. . '.J - » i .u -.r

' ., , , 1 T*- *i • u 4, Cineraria maritima; o, Achyranthus Ver-

to decorate as ribbon bed. It there is any such i ' . \r t, ,, , - n i,

,, ii X , schaffeltu ; 6, Geranium Mrs. Pollock; « ,Cuphea!

in the center of a crosswalk, or other central; . lu t ■ *• i t .

. , ,,, , ■!-.•< i. platvcenta ; and 8, Lonicera aureo reticulata t(»

place, it should be chosen. Fig. 4 represents a i^ ~ '. x, , ,

f ' , ^ X . J. * e xJ x^ .„ be pegged down on the border.

bed twenty feet in diameter, for which we will | ^ '=>

I Set van. — 1, Arundo donax variegata; 2'„

_r[;'j,e Canna discolor; 3, ,C, tricolor ; 4, Achyranthe.s-

Qj^i^ijj^ I Lindenii ; 5, Vinca alba; 6, Geranium Luicus :

COMMUNICA riONS.

RIBBON BEDS.

IJY C. J. BJORKLUND, HAMPTON, VA.

propose a choice as follows :

I.

Set
center 1
glauca;2,C,War-
czewiczii ; 3, C,
discolor; 4, Perilla
11 ankinen.sis; 5,
Calceolaria hy-

7, (ilaucium corniculatuin ; and 8, Tropieolum

star of fire.

Set IX. — 1, Arundiuaria falcata; 2 Salvia

splendens alba ; 3 Salvia splendcns alba ; 4,

Coleus refulgens ; 5, Artemisia Stelleriana; 6..

brida ; ( shrubby)' ^hamapeuce cassabonae ; 7, Santolina incana :

G Achvranthus ^'^^ ^- Altenanthera paronychioides.

Verschafteltii ; 7, ^kt x.— 1, Zea gigantea ; 2, Solanum pur-

Centaurea c a n - | P"i"f iwm; 3, Solanum purpurea; 4, Abutilon vex-

didissima- and 8 | iHarium variegatum; 5, Coleus Verschaffeltii; G.

Altenanthera' Grcranium Mountain of Snow ; 7, Altenanthera

t'^o- ■^- ainoena. i versicolor; and 8, Caprosma Baueriana, etc.,

Set II.— 1, Eucalyptus globulus: 2, Canna j etc. The whole to be kept in a pyramidal shape

zebrina; 3, Abutilon .striatum; 4, Dactylis ^Y tvimming, and not allowing the leaves of

glomerata fol. var. ; 5, Coleus Verschatleltii ; G, t-'ither riband to interfere with the other.

Centaureagymnocarpa ;* 7,Cupheaplatycentra; | Fig.5, a Terrace border, and a scale of an eighth

and 8, Geranium Happy Thought. of an inch to two feet, may be decorated as

Set III. — 1, Nereum Oleander; 2, Salvia ! follows : 1, Lobelia specio.sa, bordered by

splendens; 3, Salvia splendens; 4, Amaranthus ! Pyrethrum parthenifolium aureuin ; 2, Lobelia

melancholicus; 5, Vinca rosea; G, Cineraria Paxtoniana, bordered by Altenanthera versi-

. — I color ; 3, Coleus Queen Victoria, bordered by

•This beautiful plant has, whiereeoever I have seen it in this j Ageratum Mexicaiium nanum and Santolina
country, shown a disposition to rot daring: the summer, and it . ' i /~i i tt- _ u„«vn;; k^„,i-,^„^ i^-r

is therefore risky to use it in a ribbon bed, where if only a few I mcana ; 4, Coleus Verschallellii, bordered by
focaHti*^'' ^'^'''^i^^^*^' '^ '*'^'' ''"' perhaps does better in other ' Centaurea candidissima and Althenanthera

1878.]

AND HOR TICUL TURIS T.

07

spathulata, &c., in different sets aceording to i THE GERMAN AND THE AMERICAN
supply of plants; 5, is graveled paths, and C a! GLOBE ARBOR VIT/ES.

two feet wide sod border. ""^ •'• -^^•

Fig. 6, a ten feet wide border on the edyc of ;i Tliese two fflobe Arbor Vita?s are now coin-
large shrubbery. 1. Phalaris arundinaeea ; 2, paratively comuion aroinid Philadelphia, several

Fig. G.

Perilla Naukinensis ; 3, Geranium Chun der Sen ;
4, G. Lass O' Gowrie ; 5, G. Crimson King; G,
G. Golden Fleece ; 7, Coleus Emperor Xapo-
leon ; 8, Pyrethrum parthenifolium aureum ; 9,
Lobelia Blue Stone ; 10, Mesembryanthemum
cordifolium var. ; and 11, Echeveria secunda.

THE IVY IN NEW ENGLAND.

BY J C, CHELSEA, MASS.

In a communication in the December number,
it is stated that the Ivy is not to be depended on
as being hardy (even in the latitude of Phila-
delphia).

One of our hard whiters a few years ago, was
very severe on evergreens (but this was an
exceptional season); some of the Ivies suffered
at that time, among which were luxuriant plants
covering a brick building three stories high,which
had withstood our hard winters in Charlestown,
Mass., for upwards of twenty years before that
time. I haye also seen it growing luxuriantly on
some of the chui'chesin Brookl3'n, N.Y., without
the least care, and in a private place in the
neighborhood of Boston, a low wall is com-
pletely covered witli it by a little care being
taken with it.

nm'series having distributed them extensively
thereabouts. The German variety Thuja pumila
is a stronger grower than the other, and is of a
darker green, but it is not so compact a grower.
The American Thuja globosa is preferred by
many because of its more globular form ; though
if one's grounds are of fiiir size there will be
plenty of room for both. These beautiful Arbor
Vitaes are not near so well l^own as they ought
to be. Nurserymen compl*n that, like many
other nice things, they do not pay to raise, as
the average customer is too much inclined to
value their products by their size, and not ac-
cording to their rarity, nor the time taken to
produce them. Hence fast-growing trees pay
the best, and rarer ones, if of slow growth, are
in a measure discarded.

THE RAPID PROGRESS OF OUR HORTI-
CULTURE.

BY WALTER ELDER, PHILADELPHIA.

The Monthly will now be well freighted
with advertisements enlightening its readers
where and how to buy ; and especially instruc-
live as showing the rapid progress which horti-
culture has made since the establishment of this
magazine. In the nurseries, there are the vari-

«w

THE GAKDEM'.R'S MOMIILY

\.]fun/i.

ous spt'cios of nsofnl and onmmontiil horbs and
troos from cvcrv climo in Uic univorsc, all fit for
sale. Many of the sood and iniplcnu-nt ware-
houses are to\veriii<» temples of <;reatness, and
stored with seeds of the most improved species
and varieties suitable for eiilture in all parts of
our extensive domain. The hand-tools and ma-
(•hines for man and horse are of the latest inven-
tions and iniprovenuM)ts to lighten, cheapen and
facilitate the laboi-s of field and garden. The
inceniously constructed and handsomely linislied
rustic designs, to ornament and diversify the
garden, the parlor, and the park, are as curious
as they arc bt-auliful. In herbs and trees, seeds
and imi)lenients, curious ornamental designs,
dried llowers and gnisses, cut flowers and floral
decorations; flowers for Winter, flowers for
Summer, and fruit.s for all time ! The reading
columns of TnE Monthly afford a profitable
study, but scarcely less so are the advertising
pages. It is gratifying to those who know how
highly floral taste is estimated by intelligent
Europeans, to note how much we are advancing
iu the same directions ; and nothing shows how
this is going on more than the numerous adver-
tisements in the Gardener's Monthly.

RHODODENDRON OCCDIENTALIS AND
PICKERINCIA MONTANA.

liY Mil. .J. l^. HICKMAX.

These are two of the most beautiful flowering
shrubs of California, and are found on the sum-
mits of the low hills to the north of the bay of
Monterey, gencrall}' among other shrubber}',
but in the shade.

The former is d^duous, the latter evergreen •
the former bearing large ma.sses of sweet-scented
white flowers which are often shaded with yel-
low and rarely with pink, growing in rather dr}'
ground it .sends down large deep roots, which
supply it with abundant moisture, though
blooming iu a rainless Summer. It sends up
numerous shoots from a knotty root crown, and
from its appearance would seem to be hard to
transplant. My experience, however, is to the
contrary ; for, after hacking a plant to pieces
with an axe, I managed to get a few stems, each
with a chunk of the crown and a stray rootlet,
and after being carried two days on horseback,
they were potted in old cans ; now, a year after-
ward, they have filled their cans with a mass of
fine roots, and having just shed their leaves,
show a tine lot of buds for next year.

The Pickeringia blooms similarlv to Swain-

sonia, but the flowers an- nuich brighter and the
racenu's longer. I believe it blooms six months
in the year, and where it does well is very hand-
some, often growing eight feet high; its leaflets
are about the size of those of the Clianthus and
are glaucous green, the steni is beset with
thorns, and if the plant would submit to trim-
ming, would make a fine hedge. I have ])een
able to find but three seeds in several years
experience with the plant, though as its immense
truncate roots seem to sprout freely wherever
they are exposed, I presume it might be prop-
agated by the root.

ADDITIONAL NOTES ON THE AILAN-
THUS.

BY B. F. L., PHILADELl'IIIA.

Your Bridgeport correspondent who, I notice,
still writes to j^ou regarding the merits of the
much abused Ailanthus, has, I believe, not men-
tioned as yet the fact observed by several
naturalists, that the rosebug is stupefied, sickened
and probably destroj'ed by either eating the
leaves, or getting within the atmosphere sur-
rounding the male or staminate plant of this
species.

Great numbers of this pest of the garden have
been seen on several occasions in a crippled or
dying condition beneath the tree, one instance
being given where the ground was literally
covered with them.

This being the case, would it not be politic for
those who cultivate the rose either for pleasure
or profit, to try the experiment of introducing
the male Ailanthus into their grounds as a means
of reducing the numbers of this destructive
insect.

I would suggest its use as a shrub, and indi-
vidual specimens of it could be placed wherever
they would appear to the best advantage, or they
could be set in an uneven row as a background
to the protected plant.

Like Genl. Noble, I am an admirer of both the
staminate . and pistillate Ailanthus, and think
that the former is one of the best adapted of all
trees for shading our city streets, owing to its
very open habit.

BROWALLIA ROEZLI.

BY' EDWIN LONSDALE, GERMANTOWN, PHIL'A.

This plant was noticed in the Monthly some
time last year, and recommended for the deco-
ration of our gardens in Summer, and the seed
catalogues for the present year are also recom-

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

69

mending it for the same purpose ; but owing to
the attacks of a black, Hea-like insect — the same
which preys upon Sweet Alyssum and some
other phmts — with me, last year, it was not a
success. In the Autumn a plant was lifted and
potted, and placed in a light and warm green-
house, where it is now, and has been for some
time past, a mass of bloom, and from present
appearances it is likely to remain so for some
time to come.

It is an improvement on the older species — B.
elata — the tlowers are larger, and the plant in
habit is more graceful and free-tlowering, which
will make it a favorite for the decoration of the
greenhouse and conservatory, and for cut flowers
for the florist. The seed under my treatment
did not gei'minate well ; only two plants were
raised from as many packets of seed.

So far the plant has failed to perfect any seed,
hut it may readily be increased by taking cut-
tings of the young shoots, and inserting them in
sand in a warm place, in the ordinary way.

The color of the flower is pure white, with a
yellow center, very delicately shaded with azure
blue, reminding one of the prettj' little Hous-
tonia ccerulea of our meadows, though this is not
so noticeable in the flowers on the plants under
glass in "Winter, as it was when growing outside
in Summer.

EDITORIAL NOTES.

The Oriextal SPRrcE.— Mr. Samuel Par-
sons says — and we quite agree with him, only
more in its favor— that it is unlike the Norway,
.even when young, in its silvery bark and dark
black green foliage. It is unique among ever-
greens in this peculiar dark shade :

" The Oriental spruce is the very best of all
spruces, if people did but know it. Unfortu-
nately, while young it resembles the Is'orway,
lacking somewhat of that spruce's early vigor.
As age increases it develops more rapidly, and
finally, in no great time, towers into a solid mass
of dark, lustrous foliage, possessing a very pecu-
liar beauty and marked character on the lawn.
It is, moreover, extremely enduring and hardy.''

The Trees of Washington. — In reference
to the remark we made last month in regard to
the low cost and excellent variety of the shade
ti'ees of AVasliington, we find the following in
a Washington paper before us :

" Of the cost of the planting and care of trees
ni this city, we may safely challenge comparison

with any similar work of its kind that has ever
been undertaken. This statement is made from
a somewhat extended knowledge of the cost of
tree-planting in cities, botli in this and other
countries, and the claim is fully warranted by
facts. This arises from the ciirumstance that
everything has been done in accordance with a
well-considered scheme, which was formed pre-
vious to commencing operations, in which every
possible contingency that could be foreseen was
provided for, based upon a lengthened and diver-
sified experience in this and kindred matters
relating to rural improvements. This scheme
and the practical execution of its varied details
has been projected and carried out under the
direction of a Park Commission, which Avas
organized by the late Board of Public Works,
in the latter part of the year 1871. Thi.s com-
mission is composed of three of our citizens,
who have given much personal attention to the
work, and with as little interference as possible
to their daily professional duties. To them it is
a labor of love for the public good, and their
only reward is the inward gratification that re-
sults from the execution of good deeds."

Oak Hill Cemetery, Upper Sandusky,
Ohio.— The Wyandot Times reports this as a
highly successful undertaking. It embraces thirty
acres of land, and has three miles of avenues.
Mr. W. T. Harding, who designed and laid out
the grounds, and which he still superintends,
receives great praise for much of the success
which has attended the work.

Public Parks in England.— Notwithstand-
ing the prevalence of beautiful gardens every-
where, the English are still multiplying their
public grounds. Leeds has Just purchased 300
acres, four miles from the city, as a park for the
people.

Standard Eunonymus. — It is said that the
Eunonymus radicans grafts readily on E. Eur<v
pteus, and makes very pretty lawn plants when
so treated.

NEW OR RARE PLANTS.

Pentstemon Cobcea. — This is one of the
finest hardy species of Pentstemon, and is yet
very rare in cultivation. The flowers are among
the largest of the genus and are produced in
loose spikes of 8 to 12 inches in length, broadly
l)t'll-sha])ed and two inches or more long, of a

yy/A (;.ia'/)/-:.v/:a's Mo.\rni.v

\ March,

])urpli>li \vlii(«', and i-cin:iiii for some days. Tlu'
plant is luinJy and vij^orous, and iinpnivcs with
raivfnl cultivation. It cannot fail to licconic
oiu' of till' lint'st of tlu* many hardy licrba(('<»ns
j)iTcnnials just now hocominp so i)o])ulai' in
Knropi' and .Vmcrica. — J. M. Thorburn.

Kkyn<{hm LKAVKXwoKTim. — Till' showiest
of annuals, with .stem from one to three feet
hiilh, aud very branchiiiii. 'i'lie heads are of a
l>eanliliil purple. IJranehes cut after the llowers
and leaves have matured will la.<t two or three
months, makinj; it a valuable addition for Winter
l)on(|uets. One of the most valuable i)lant.'<
introduced in many years. — J. M. Thorburn.

SPIH^KA PALMAT.\ ELEGANS. — XEW IlYimil)

SiMii.EA. — Under the name of Spirtea palmata
ele^ans M. Ed. Pynaert lii^ures and describes in
the current number of the Revue Je V Horticulture
Hp/ire a plant, ius it would seem, of great interest
and beauty. The interest resides in the circum-
stance that the plant is stated to be a cross
between Astilbe barbata and Spira'a palmata,
while the inllorescence is intermediate between
the two parents. The flowers are very numerous?
their pink stamens contnisting well with their
clear white petals. Whatever its origin, the
plant will probably prove hardy, and will be
very useful for forcing and for house decoration.
— Gar. Chromcle.

Daphne fortunei.— This was sent to the
Royal Horticultural Society by Mr. P"'ortune,
from the Chusan Hills, Ningpo, and Shanghai.
It is a small downy-branched bush, with thin
deciduous opposite and alternate ovate-oblong
leaves, covered with very .soft fine hairs. The
flowers, which generally appear very early in
Spring, are l)luish-lilac, arranged in clusters of
four, upon branches .scarcely beginning to put
forth their leaves. They are rather more than
an inch long, covered externally with soft, closely
pressed hairs, and divided in the border into four
roundish, oblong, obtuse, uneven lobes, of which
the two inner ones are the smallest. In the
inside of the tubes of the calyx are eight nearly
sessile stamens in two rows, with narrow sharp-
pointed anthers. The ovary, is smooth, stalked,
one-celled, with a small fle.shy scale at its base,
and a single suspended ovule ; it produces
abruptly from its summit a very short cylindrical
style, ended by a capitate hairy stigma. No
species yet described api)roaches very nearly to
this, which has been named after its enterprising
discoverer ; the seed being unknown, it can only
be conjectured that it belongs to the Mezereum
divisions of the genus. It is a izreonhouse or.

I perhai)s. haU'-hardy shrub, ami i> a charming
addition to this chvss of plants, more especially
since it appears to be well adapted tor forcing.
— (innlen.

SCR.U\S .IXn 0(7{A'//i.S.

Stocks K<)|{ (iiiAFTIXO. — (J. ^^. (i.. .Manches-
ter, York Co., Pa., writes: "Will yo\i be kind
enough to answer the following (jueries through
the March number of The Monthly : How
and when are the following trees grafted, and
what kind of stocks are used for the dilVerent
varieties? Is the opeiation jierformed in the
same manner as for fruit trees? Such as the
finer varieties of .I;ipanese Maples, Weeping
Beech, Elm, Ash, AVillow, &c. ; also tlu- new
Japanese Persimmon. Your answer to the
above will much oblige."

[The Japan Maples are grafted on Acer stria-
tum, the Moose or striped bark maple; Weeping
Beech on either the European or the American
species ; the Elm on any species ; they intergraft
one with another. So also with the Ash, but
the European makes the best stock. The Goat
Willow is the best stock for Willows; and the
common Persimmon does well for the Japanese
varieties. They " take " by either cleft or whip
grafting, just as fruit trees do. — Ed. G. M.]

Worm on the Juniper. — A Babylon, N. Y.<
correspondent says: "Please ask, through the
Gardener's Monthly', of nurserymen, if they
know anything of this worm that is destroying
my Junipers. It is a quarter of an inch long,
and forms a web covering through the winter.
I have not observed it in summer. It evidently
feeds on the young leaves, while in its active
state; the ends of limbs become knotted, and
.show such an appearance as fire would produce.''

Is Aspidistra lurida Hardy ?— I. C. W.,
Fishkill,N. Y'., writes : " Mr. John Pettie, a gar-
dener of the first water, told me a few weeks
since that the Aspidistra lurida variegata was
a hardy plant, and should be used in the herba-
ceous border. He states that he has tried it at
the Kelly Gardens, at Rhinebeck, N. Y., and
that it proved hardy then ; and also states it has
stood out in England, and went through the
winter finely. We have always grown this as a
stove or warm greenhouse plant, and supposed
it was tender. Do you know of another instance
of its standing the winter in the herbaceous bor-
der in this country. If it has not been published,
would it not be Avell to state the fact through
your journal."

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

71

Green House and House Gardening.

COMMUNICA TIONS.

ORCHIDS WITH OTHER PLANTS.

BY C. H. S., BALTIMORE, MD.

Having had considerable success in growing
orchids in a mixed collection of plants, I think
that other amateurs would be glad to do so did
they only know how easily it may be done, and
In my estimation, how much better they appear
•when grown with Ferns, Begonias, etc., than
when grown in a house entirely devoted to them.
I have never seen a collection of orchids except
one in which the plants were grown for commer-
cial purposes ; and any success that I have had
Ihas been from the study of these wonderful
plants in their native habitats. I remefnber as
well as if it was only a week ago, the first orchid
that I ever saw. It was on Christmas day, 1839,
almost forty years ago. I was a sailor boy at
Rio de Janerio, and having a holiday to go on
.shore on Christmas, I had climbed up the moun-
tain back of the city. Tired and hungry I sat
down to rest, when I observed quite a large
whjite flower not far from me. On examining it
I discovered that a limb of a tree had been bro-
ken off by the wind, and that the bloom belonged
to, a plant growing on it, but entirely distinct. I
think now that the flower was Cattleya crispa,
•or some one of the white Lalias from Rio.

Some .six or eight years ago, circumstances al-
lowed me to indulge in the luxury of a green-
IhoiMie. I immediately commenced to collect
iafew orchids, and my collection of these plants
'has gradually increased until I have some of
nearly each species. They have been grown in
two small houses, each 12X32, heated by flue
:and hat Avater, the heat so regulated that when
•one house stood at 65° the other would be 50° or
less. These houses have been torn down, and a
'house 55X17 substituted. In these houses were
.•grown all manner of winter-blooming stuff, Be-
'gonias, Bouvardias, Epiphyllum, Tydjea and
other gesneraceous plants, Geraniums, &c. M}'
jVzalias, Camellias, and many other plants that
can stand as low a temperature as 35° at times
and still seem to bloom better for it, are grown
in another house.

1 have bloomed among other orchids, in the
last year, Dendrobium nobile, D. heterocarpum,
D. monilliforme,l). moschatum, D.fimbriatum,

Oculatum and several other Dendrobes ; Ansel-
lia Africana, ^Brides odoratum and A. virens,
Vanda teres, Cattleya Mossse, C. labiata, C.
Forbesii, a plant with seventy-five flowers open
at one time ; C. citrina, C. guttata, C. Loddigesii,
C. chocoensis, C. Triante, C. superba, and a
half-dozen other varieties ; Odontoglossum,
about ten varieties, with Tricopilias, Miltonia,
Epidendrum, Stanhopiaes, Lceliiis, Calanthes
Lycaste, &c. As 1 have never seen a
collection of orchids 1 do not know how they
compare with others, but friends who have
seen them tell me they are well-grown
and healthy; and as they bloom well, 1 suppose
they are handled about right. With these re-
marks I propose to give a few notes on my man-
ner of growing orchids. In the first place, any
one wishing to grow orchids with a mixed collec-
tion, must divest himself of the idea that the
house must be saturated with moisture. Such a
condition would be injurious to the beauty of
many foliage plants, and would cause the blooms
of many other plants to mildew. 1 grow very
few on naked blocks after they are once estab-
lished, but either in well-drained pots, buckets
made of cedar, (Juniperus Yirginianus) or on
blocks well covered with moss. 1 use sphagnum
moss alone, for all but the terrestrial orchids ;
and 1 water my orchids, as 1 do other plants, at
the roots when they need it, and use the syringe
no more than I would for Begonias and gesnera-
ceous plants. It is impossible in a short article
to give any idea of the treatment of the different
species, time of bloom, manner and time of
growth, etc. My experience is that the idea that
nearly all orchids should be at rest from Kov. to
March, is not according to their wants. I find
that very many Brazilian orchids, blooming
from Aug. to Nov., start into growth in the fall,
which is the spring and wet season of Brazil, and
at this moment many of my Brazilian orchid.s
are growing finely. But they need no more heal
than is requisite for Bouvardias and Heliotropes
to keep them growing and making good bulbs.
1 propose later to give you a few articles on the
different species that 1 have grown, and will then
try and make clearer my views given from mj'
experience. I would here also remark that an
almost universal error in growing orchids is
keeping them too wet, too hot, and too densely
shaded. I do not remember seeing manv orcliids

////•; (;.tRj)/':\J':A's moxthi.v

l.\/<in/i.

j^rowitiu', cithiT in dcnsf ^hadc or thick woods,
but mostly on tlic trees overhanging' streams or
on the ('(!•_'(' of forests.

DISEASE OF THE MARECHAL NIEL.

HV W. "\V., DOIIU'S FEKUY, N. Y.

llavinji read witli interest the remarks ot" your
correspondents on the above subject with some
ditlidence, in regard to rushing into print and
ditHculties, &c.. I am induced to send you ray
experience in the hope that the disease may be
well detined, and some one prescribe a I'emedy.
Two years ago I had a very line plant on a
Manctti stock, which showed all the symptoms
described by j'our correspondents. The stock
outgrew the rose three to one, forming an excres-
ence at the point of union, and the gradual decay
of the plant was the result. I had at the same time
plants worked on LaMarque and Solfatene,
which were in excellent health, and are yet, being
entirely free from any appearance of disease. I
have noticed the same disease, or the same cause,
produce the same effect in other grafted trees
where the stock has not been suitable from some
cause to the growth of the scion. I have also
noticed that a very little neglect in disbudding
old plants in the early part of the summer, when
they are usually put outside or the sashes taken
off, will cause the decay of the leading branches
farthest from the base of the plant, the sap
preferring to support a lot of younger branches
nearer the roots and leaving the old ones to die
or starve. It is not my wish to raise any point
for controversy, but I would certainly advise
anyone who intends growing the Marechal
on light, sandy soil, to keep from planting
imported Roses. In the hands of our loading
tlower-growers on strong clay or loamy soils
they do well for a few years and are replaced
from time to time; but in my opinion, better re-
.sults could be obtained under any circumstances
with plants worked on the strong growing varie-
ties of the Noisette class.

Haarlem and Utrecht, in 1H74, and got large-
silver medals as first jjrizes. Again we showed
two collections at Haarlem in Ik7'), and got (In-
lirst and the second pri/c JJoth the lots exhib-
it rd at till' last international spring show at
Amsterdam (1^77) which got the lirst and second
prize, came from our iiur-^i ly. 'I'hese lots seem
to have attracted very much the attention of
the visitors — at least they were sjioken of m
various horticultunil ]iiTiodicals. and illustra-
tions given of such pairs of Hyacinths cultivated
in a double glass, in the Gardener''s Chromde,
1877, page 591, and the Gardener''s Magazine,
1877, page 202. Both these illustrations, how-
ever, are not correct as to the form of the leaves.
Of these you find an exact ligure (No. 47 l)age
11:5) in our German catalogue, 'M)'.'> C. An Eng-
lish edition of this catalogue is in preparation-
In the said catalogue you find some details as to
the management of this method of culture, which
you will find differ evidently of what is said'
about the matter in the Gardener''s Jifatrazine,
1877, page 2(»1, and the Gardener^s Chronicle^
1877, page 632. Till now no other house here-
seems to have made a specialty of this method
of culture. We have alwaj's ready a number of
double glasses to suit our customers. The form

1 of these presently used is a perfection (at least
as concerns a legacy) of the old Dutch forms

, which we used hatf a centmy tigo, when the

! under part had an inverted funnel form, in which
there was more and better room for the flower
of the so-called antipodean bulbto develop itself.
In the new form it sometimes occurs that tJie
flower develops so long, that it is obliged t<» bend

; upwards with is top to find room.

This method of cultivation, to be done well,
claims much attention, but gives, by the extra-
ordinary effect, no small satisfaction.

We suppose the above particulars will be suf-
ficient to clear up this matter.

ANTIPODAL HYACINTHS.

BY J. II. KRELAGK, HaAKLEM, IIol.LAND.

In reply to the inquiry made about this article
in The Gardeker's Monthly of November
last (page 329), we can say that we re-introduced
this ver}' old Dutch method of cultivation some
years ago. We exhibited collections of Antipo-
dean Hyacinths at the horticultural shows at

TUBEROUS — ROOTED BEGONIAS AGAIN.

BY AV., NOKTOLK. VA.

Vour correspondent, on page 2 oi' .lauuary
Monthly accuses me of over-estimating the
value of the above acquisition to our list of plants
for our-door culture. As he is from England
quite recently, he ought to know better than I
of their merits there ; but on page 202 of the
September number of ''y/te Garden.'''' 1877, pub-
lished , at I>ondon. I think an unpredjudiced
reader will find my statement'- in part, if not
wholly siihstantuited •. and 1 suppose the au-

1878.]

AND HORTICUL TURIS T.

thorities there given are equal to Mr. W. Fal-
coner's experience, or the Editor would not give
them his unqualified approval by publishing
without comment. One writer says : " No one
who has not seen these most beautiful and in-
valuable plants, either bedded out in masses in
circular beds slightly raised in the center, or as
single specimens, each in the center of a small
round bed, can form any adequate idea of what
a brilliant and continuous display of color they
provide during the whole of the three summer
months, from the middle of June to the middle
of September. Also, that even when hi full
bloom they are almost insensible of the heaviest
rain, as torrents which would knock every blos-
som off a bed of Zonale Pelargoniums (Gerani-
ums are so called in England) do not cause a
single bloom to drop before its time, merely
making the pliant foot-stalks bend their heads
to the storm, raising their lovely blossoms in all
their brilliancy and beauty on the reappearance
of the sun, when the storm has passed." And
much more in the same strain is said by Mr. W.
E. Gumbleton, for whom Van Houtte, of Ghent,
the foremost and most successful raiser of the
best varieties, has seen fit to name one of his
two (only) new ones the past season. Could
more be said for the famous " General Grant"
itself? Anothercorrespondent on the same page
begins a short notice, equally laudatory, by say-
ing : " We have no plant the equal of the Fuch-
sia for in-door and out-door decorative purposes,
unless it be the new race of Tuberose-rooted Be-
gonias," and goes on to describe those of Messrs.
Veitch's collection at Chelsea, and closes by say-
ing : When grown out of doors, one great advan-
tage they possess over most other plants is that
no amount of wet appears to have the slightest
influence in damaging their flowers, which they
go on producing until cut off" by frost." In
favored localities the tubers will sometimes sur-
vive the Winter ; and when lifted, they can be
made to bloom in the greenhouse till after
Christmas, as they have done at Norfolk this
season. He further saj's, "For planting on rock-
work, these Begonias have few equals."

I call this " practical experience " of tlie i-igh(
sort, and it must ha borne in mind tliat it is only
since 1874 that they have been grown, even in
England, to any great extent.

Xow for'what they will do here in America,
and this I can testify to from personal knowl-
edge. They stood the blaze of a Virginia sun in
the open air unprotected by an}' shade whatever.

both planted out and in pots, all last Summer,
till frost cut them down, and were a perfect mass
of continuous bloom. The severe storms and
showers (and any soldier who has campaigned
in Virginia knows what thunder-storms are here,
as well as blazing suns) have always left them
uninjured, fully corroborating the above quoted
testimony.

If your correspondent will visit Norfolk we
will convince him with regard to this matter.
One thing I ought to add for the information
of amateurs who, like myself, will try to
raise them from seed and will fail four times
out of five, that they require unusual care
and attention, the seed being as fine as a
mere powder; but when fairly up and trans-
planted, it is wonderful how rapidly they push
forward and begin to throw out their rich and
charming blossoms. I may be too hasty, but I
predict for this lovely species a success far sur-
passing any plant of recent introduction for sim-
ilar purposes.

ANTHURIUWI SCHERTZERIANUM.

BY MANSFIELD >[ILTOX, CLEVELAND, <>.

This fine plant is a native of Costa Rica, and
consequently requires a good warm temperature
to insure success in its culture. There are several,
varieties of this plant in cultivation, some of
which, especially the small-leaved ones, are not
wf)rth growing ; the varieties are the best having
large leaves and large flowers or spathes,as it is
in the bright color of the spathe where the
beauty of the plant is. As I consider a plant
which we have here a- good variety I shall give
the size of the leaves and flowers. The leaves
are of a bright green color, about sixteen inches
long, the leaf starts about a foot high ; above
this rise the flower spikes, the spathes being
two inches wide and fully three inches long, of
the lirightest scarlet. The spathe is twisted and
also l)right scarlet, therefore forming a beautiful
and very attractive object. The plant has been
in flower since last April, having only now
(Novenibi'r) two flowers. A mixture of
spliagnum moss, charcoal and pieces of fibrous
1 eat is what I grow it in, with abundance of
water in its growing season ■, plenty of drainage
is necessary to allow the water to pass freely off".
A cooler temperature and less water when in
flower than when growing makes it retain its
beauty longer. The insects which attack the
foliage of this plant most are the white and
l)r()wn scale, which can be easily kept under by

74

THE GARDEXER'S MOXTHLY

{March,

•occasionallr \v;i,><l)iiii: tlu" li'a\ ts. It is piopo-
i;ato(l by seeds uiul divisions. I would advise
the i)ooplt' when purchasing,' a phint of this
Anthuriuni to endeavor to ^et Iho hirsje leaved
variety, for be the culture ever so <;ood, but little
satisfaction is derived from the small leav«'d
kinds.

UniTORIAf. NOTES.

Stei'hanotis FLOKinrxDA.— With this .spe-
cies we have enmnerated some of the best stove
climb(>rs that can be grown, but none are more
admired than the Stephauotis, and it deserves
attention wherever there is room for it. Pot
plants are nothing compared with a good climb-
ing specimen. yielding flowers in al)undance both
large and fine. Goood loam and peat in ecjual
(luantities, and plenty of sand, make the proper
compost for it. A bottom-heat from 75° to 80°
is high enough, good drainage is essential, and
plenty of water at the root during the growing
season, but not much in Winter. The shoots
will grow to an enormous length if allowed, and
as it breaks freely there is never any ditliculty in
keeping the wires furnished from top to bottom.
To keep the shoots clean and free from mealy
bug, its worst enemy, not more than two or
three should be trained to one wire, and the
wires should be five inches or six inches apart,
and within eight inches of the glass. The only
way to keep down a mealy bug is by vigorous
syringing, so as to never let it obtain a peaceable
footing, and attention with the brush to prevent
the enemy clustering in a1)out the axils of the
leaves. In a stove the flowers continue to be
produced for a period of six weeks or two
months, but by having a plant in an inter-
mediate-house also the blooming season may be
prolonged con.siderably. None of the species
here treated of require shade in summer pro-
vided the ventilation be sulHeient ; but when the
stove has to be shaded for the sake of its other
inmates, the climbers will suffer no injury if the
shading be not too thick nor used oftener than
required.— i^te/rf.

Winter Decorativk Plants.— In addition
to the many tlowering plants grown for decora-
tive purposes at mid-winter, Ferns play an im-
portant part, and especially the Maidenhair
Fern, A. cuneatum, and the elegant A. gracilli-
raum. At the Royal Xursery, Ascot, Messrs.
Standish & Co. grow these two in immense

(juantities, and at ( "liristmas there could be seen
two long span-roofed houses quite filh'd with
some thousand plants of A. cuneatum, the great
m.ojority in 32-potH,with larger examples in pot.s
of an incrciised si/e. Kvery plant was a perfect
spi'cimen in itself, so adniiral)ly was it grown.
The i)lants are not marketed, but simply grown
for the fronds, and they are constantly being
sent to London. The ripened, developed fronds
are those gathered, as they stand much better
and last longer than the young ones. They are
gathered and carefully laid in baskets, and n^ach
their destination without taking harm. A gra-
cillinium is wonderfully grf)wn at A.scot. There
are those who term it a '' mifly grower,'' and say
'.hey cannot do anything with it, but at Ascot it
is the very perfection of vigor, and if anything,
j more robust than A. cuneatum. It is a very
! fast grower.

j A large numl)er of plants had been raised from
I seed, and it was curious to note that in a very
young state the pinna; were Jis large as those of
A. cuneatum ; but when it gets into size, the
young fronds take on that small elegant form
peculiar to it. So rapidly do the plants come on
from seedlings, that there were admirable speci-
mens in 48-pots that were in the seed-pans a year
ago. Some extra-large specimens showed off"
the character of the species to the very best
advantage. It may be that failures with this
Fern arise from the use of too much peat in the
soil ; at Ascot no peat whatever is used. The
soil is a sandy, turfy loam, and a little horse-
manure, and strong plants have a little weak
manure-water once a week, and rather more in
summer-time. The experience gained at Ascot
teaches that A. gracillimum will not grow in
peat. The cuneatum is increased by dividing
the plants when they break into growth after
being cut over for the London .season. The
plants, as soon as they begin to be active, are
cut to pieces, and potted in 32-pots.

Asparagus decumbens is much grown for table
decoration at Ascot ; its long handsome shoots
are very acceptable for clothing the stems of tall
epergnes. This species was growmg m 48-pots.
and a line of plants along the front of a stage of
Camellias, etc.. hung down like a fringe. The
plant puts forth pseudo-bulbs like an Orchid, and
is nearly deciduous in Summer, but most orna-
mental in Winter. — Gardener's Chronicle.

A New Fa.shion in Cut Flowers. — A very
prett}' innovation is to wear the same flowers in
the hat or bonnet as are held in the bouquet in

1878.]

AXn HORTICULTURIST.

75

the hand; consequently, only flowers that are in
season are worn. Now, of cour.se, we have a
great choice, but in Winter we shall have only
ivy, heath, and branches of fir-tree, with a few
■of the flowers reared in hothouses. The flowers
■on the hat, also, must be perfumed as if the}-
were real flowers. There is a poetx-y in the
fashion, which will not fail to please. Even
i^lderly ladies may follow this fashion ; for they
will choose flowers adapted to their age, or, if
not flowers, they may wear the foliage of the
flowers — or. better still, faded flowers. And
perhaps these are the most beautiful of all.
Imagine a large over full-bloomed rose, the half
of which still clings to its stem, whilst the other
half appears to fall leaf by leaf amongst the
foliage. It is extremely lovely and graceful, and
is arranged with so much art h\ the florist that
•one lady who wore such a rose at the Grand
Prix was warned by another lad}' standing near
her " that she was losing her flowers.'' I can
therefore recommend faded flowers to most
ladies. Feathers also are greatly worn, es-
pecially on hats — the large-brimmed Eubens
hats, which are now so much the fashion — now
more than ever, indeed. At the Grand Prix,
fancy fair, and review, the ladies wore little else.
Hats at the back of the head are now no longer
considered comme il faut. Duchesses, baron-
esses, princesses, countesses, etc., all wear large-
brimmed hats bending over the face. And how
pretty they are ! They may perhaps not be
ijuite so saucy as the jaunty sailor's hat, but if
they look less provoguanfs, ladies can, at least,
look blushing beneath their shade ; and what is
moss to a rose so is blush to a woman. — '^'^ Echoes
from Paris, ^^ in Pictorial World.

NEir OR RARE PLANTS.

SK3II-D0115LE Gloxinias. — These are by no
means rare, but as yet they can scarcely be
termed meritorious. I have recently seen a
number of them in flower, but cannot help con-
sidering them good flowers spoiled. The outer
■calyx is not continuous but disjointed, a circum-
stance which gives the flower a ragged appear-
ance ; if, however, it can be so far improved
upon as to be developed into a perfect outer
calyx as is seen in some of the forms of the
Canterbury Bell, it may then become very
effective. The forms of Gloxinia are well worth
ihe attention of the florist. — V. in Garden.

Centaurea Clemextii. — Among the silvery
leaved plants now so popular for carpet bedding
there are few tribes more useful than the Cen-
taureas which give us so many good ones. Some
years ago we noted the appearance of a beauti-
ful variety in Eiu'ope, but it has been slow in

getting into our country. A correspondent tells
is he had it out last Summer, and that it stands
:he sun very well. We give with this an illustra-
ion of a leaf.

CiTpnEA RoEZLi. — This new and beautiful
-species, which has been introduced into the mar-
ket by M. Charles Huber, nurseryman at Kice
I Maritime Alps), was discovered in the district
of Tepic, in Mexico, by M. Roezl, who sent the
seeds to M. Ortgies. The first sowing was made

76

////■ (;.ia'/)/':x/:a'\s .uox/v/av

[.\/,irc/i.

by M. <'li:ul.> Hiibt-r in Auirust. Ih7'». The
plant forms a soft-woodi-d, vitv vij^orons nhnjl),
often <:ro\vinLr to the heiiilit <>f .'< ft., or men
more. Th*- llowors are cxtrcnu'ly iUtun<l:iiit •,
they are covered all over with lijrht down, and
are sli<i;htly <jibbo»is. or slipper-shajied. From
its vi<;or, the abnndance of its bloom, and the
len<jtb of time it keeps in tlower, the Cuphea
Roezli will be much sonixht after for the orna-
mentation of eold cjreenhonses in th«r elimate of
Paris, and for gardens in the open air in the
south of France. If grown properly, there is
no doubt that this plant will soon be common in
our markets. Planted in good time in the open
air, in a well sheltered and sunny position, the
Cuphea Roezli, which a very free flowering plant,
will begin to bloom in the course of the Sum-
mer, and continue to do so without interruption
right into the Winter. The plants, however,
must be well protected from frost. This species
of Cuphea may, according to circumstances, be
cultivated as a biennial by leaving the plants in
the open air, as is already done in the case of
^eve^al greenhouse plants, such as Pelargoni-
ums, or it may be looked on as a greenhouse
plant proper, and re-potted and pruned in the
spring according to the purposes for which we
intend it. — Garden.

Xeav Geraniums. —New varieties are out in
force. Besides those offered by W. K. Hams in
our last month's advertisements, there are two
in the West of some promise. Fanny, a bronze
zonale, tlower salmon color, and Ralph, with
crimson flowers.

SCRAPS AND QUERIES.

Hyacinth Blooming.— R., New York City,
asks : "What has been on an average the re-
sult of Hyacinth forcing this year ; do they
all remain behind the general run, or is it
more so in those regions of our country where
the winter has been wet and the skies over-
cast? I have taken a short trip over the
West last month, and found the Dutch Hyacinths
very backward. Around here I have hardly yet
seen what to call a j^»e blooming specimen. The
same report I read in the last number of the
London Gardener's Chronicle. lean only ascrilie
it to the blight which damaged the foliage of the
Dutch Hyacinth last May, before the bull) had
time to fully develop and mature. The Dutch-
men themselves did not seem to know what to
make of it. when I saw them last June, as tbev

said the oldc^ growers <lid not recollect such an
event. They certainly apj)eared very much <'ast
down about tht-ir ])rosi)e(ls to raise a large cro])'
for this season : and so far I hear it corroborated,
(hat fewer Hyacintli bulbs have been phuited in
Holland last fall, for the season of IHTS, than has
been done in otbir years. Other bulbs 1 saw.
were doing wtdl on an average. *"

[No flowers have Idoomed as well generally
this winter as usual, j>erhaps owing to the
absence of snow. The more light the more
flowers; the more snow generally the more light..
We merely offer this as a guess. — Ed. G. M.]

Flowers in Milwaukee. — T.(i. A., Milwau-
kee, AVis., writes : " Camellias, Azaleas and
Oranges; this class of plants do not appear to do
well here. Florists and others get them in a
very good condition from the East, but a few
years generally uses them up. I have got some
from Mr. Buist, and others have some from Mr.
Dick and other florists, all of which came in toler-
able good condition, but they are now in thi'ec
jears nearly worthless. In fact, I have seen none
in Wisconsin in a good, healthy condition. The
same maybe said of the Rhododendron. Is the
cause attributable to atmosphere, or soil ? I
believe it would be of great service to many
gardeners here, to get some light on the matter
through the Gardener's Monthly.

[Years gone by, the Editor has seen excellent
Camellias at Milwaukee. No doubt it is but
some temporary and local cause that those you
refer to do not do Avell. It is probably no per-
manent cause. — Ei). (t. M.]

Butterfly Flowers. — While our coriopon-
dents are teaching us how to grow Butterfly
Orchids, Mr. Rolker, of New York, sends us
sam})les of paper butterflies, looking so nnich
like real living things, that even one "in the flesh"'
might take them for brother '"flies." They
are used to give life to boquets and floral work.
and must have the full effect desired.

Double White Oleander. — Mrs. W., Woi-
cester, Mass., kindly writes : " In your num-
ber for September, I noticed ' E.' intjuires
under scraps and queries, page. 2(iS, if there
is realh^ a double white Oleander. In reply,.
I will say, I have a double white Oleander-
which bloomed fully for the second time, last
summer ; it was a slip three years since. There
arc now five stalks, from one to two and a half
feet deep, each with a branch of buds. A friend
from whom this sliji came, has a plant equally
vigorous."

1878.]

AND NOR TICUL TURIST.

Aspect of a Greejthouse. — S. B. B., War-
Tenton,W. Va., writes: " I am about to build a
greenhouse, and ask that you would favor me with
your advice as to position. The place I would like
to put it is so fixed that I would be compelled to
have the gable end (which would be of glass) fac-
ing a little south of east ; the sun shines on the spot

all day. I have another place I could put it in
where the gable would face a little west of south,
with sun all day."

[Supposing the chief object will be flowers in
winter, either aspect would do very well. The
one giving as much direct sunlight from the
southeast having the preference. — Ed. G. M.]

Fruit and Vegetable Gardening,

SEASONABLE HINTS.

Grape-vines in the open air, on arbors and
trellises, should have their pruning finished be-
fore warm Spring days set in, or they will bleed.
It does not injiu-e them much, but it looks bad.
The pruning must be regulated by the condi-
tion of the vine. If the vines are young and the
shoots weak, cut them all back, to make a new
and vigorous growth. If already a fair quantity
of strong shoots of last season's growth exists,
-cut out the weaker ones, so as to leave enough of
stronger ones. The cane system, slightly modi-
fied, is best tor arbors and trellises in the hands
of amateurs generally. This implies a new set
•of canes every year or two. If, as frequently
'happens from bad management, all the young
and strong-bearing wood exists only at the end
•of the vines, — and these latter have become
nothing but long, ropy-looking apologies for
what a vine should be — the whole cane may be
buried down in the soil to where the strong
shoots spring from, and the young wood of last
season trained up from this. The plant will then
recover its good appearance quite as well as by
cutting down, with the advantage of not sacri-
ficing a year's crop of fruit.

Many kinds of raspberries, especially in dry
soils, have a tendency to throw up innumerable
suckers. These should be thinned out. Three
or four canes are enough to leave in a "hill.'*
"We like, however, to grow raspberries in rows,
where each cane may have a chance to enjoy an
independent existence of about a square foot of
soil for itself.

We have before remarked that fruit trees and
bushes should invariably be cut in severely, and
not allowed to bear the same season of planting.
It is a fatal mistake to look for fruit the same
season of setting out the ti-ees. This is at the
expense of future growth, and without future
growth there will be no future crops.

Easpberries, blackberries, &c., frequently bear
and die when so treated. The canes should be
cut back to a few inches on transplanting.
Raspberries for fruit in fall should always be
pretty well cut back. It is not essential with the
regular Fall-bearing kinds, but it aids them
much.

In the vegetable garden we might give a hint
in asparagus culture, that if very large stalks are
desired the soil must be very rich, and the plants
set as wide apart as rows of corn. It is to be
observed that those who believe there are some
varieties of asparagus that may be reproduced
fiom seed,urge the necessity of planting very wide
apart. We do not know that very lai\ge stalks are
especially desirable, and for ordinary use would
set the plants about twenty inches apart ; about
four inches beneath the surface is deep enough to
set. Good deep soil is generally good ; but if in
a stiff soil, deepening it for asparagus, only makes
a well into which the surrounding waters drain.
It is much better in such situations to plant
in raised beds. The alleys between, then serve
as surface ditches. Many failures in planting
asparagus, arise from this depth of bed, under
such circumstances. The plants rot from water
about them.

In the open ground Peas and Potatoes receive
the first attention. Then Beets and Carrots.
Then Lettuce, Radish, Spinach, Onions, Leeks
and Parsley. Beyond this, unless in more favor-
able latitudes than Pennsylvania, little can be
done till the first week in April. There is
nothing gained in working soil until it has be-
come warm and dry.

Those who have no Spinach sown in the Fall
should do that right away; no amount of stable
manure but will be a benefit to it, though
guano, in even smallish doses, will kill it.
Guano produces excellent Cabbage, mixed with
the ground while it is being dug for that crop.
Cabbage, is ready, and Potatoes are better in

78

THE GARDENER' S MO.\ 1111. )

[A/<i,r/,,

beforo tho hpfrinninpf of next month, if the
jjjround is not too wot; many phmt Cabbage be-
tween the Potato rows.

Onions are better put in early, but the ground
<ui£jht to be dry, and trodden or beaten firm when
the sets are phmted; the ground ought not to
have rank manure — wood aslies and pure un-
duiiized loam will alone produce an excellent
crop.

To have Turnip.s good in Spring they must be
sown very early ; they arc hardy, and must be
put in as soon ji.s the ground ^an be caught
right.

Parsley delights in a rich gravelly loam, and
should be sown very early.

Parsnips, another crop which should receive
early attention, also delights in a deep gravelly
soil, but detests rank manure.

I^ettuce and Radishes continue to sow at
intervals.

Herbs of all kinds are best attended to at this
season — a good collection is a good thing.

The Carrot will thi-ive in soil similar to the
Beet; lime is an excellent manure for it — we
use Long Orange. Celery may be sown about
the end of the month, in a bed of very light rich
soil, and Tomatoes, Egg Plants and Peppers
sown in pots or boxes, and forwarded. It is as
bad to be too early with these as too late, as they
become stunted.

In vegetable garden culture it must be remem-
bered that we have to operate the reverse of
fruit culture. A woody growth is what we
require for fruit trees ; but we need for vege-
tables a soft, spongy, succulent character, the
very reverse of this. For this end the ground
cannot be too deep, too rich, or too much culti-
vated. The hoe and the rake should be kept
continually going, loosening the surface and
admitting "air and light," as the old books used
to say. There is not only an advantage in this
for the direct benefit of the plant, but an early
use of these tools keeps down the weeds, and
thus we save labor. It is a great thing to be
"forehanded" in the weed war.

COMMUNICA TIONS.

FRUIT NOTES FROM CALIFORNIA.

BY JAMES SIIINX, NILES, CAL.

I shall at present confine my observations to
that portion of the State with which I am most
familiar — the counties of Alameda and Santa
Clara, embracing the great vallev which extends

from San Pueblo on the north to (Jilroy on the
south. This district, embracing over one thou-
sand square miles, is one of the most important
fruit sections of the State. All the fruits of the
temperate climes are grown in perfection, and
many of the so-called semi-tropical.

The climate is varied and nmch modified by
the ocean winds, which are chiefly felt in tln^
northern portion, lying near the bay of San
P'rancisco. The southern portion is warmer and
drier, hence produces earlier fruit. It may be
safely said that the whole district under cultivjv-
tion ])roduces in great perfection apples, pears.
l)eaches, plums, cherrifs, the leading nuts, etc.

Very large quantities of the small fruits art-
grown. The vicinity of the San J^orenzo Creek
has proved the best soil for currants, the Cherry
being the leading variety, as the Red Dutch does
not succeed. San Jose, Santa Clara and vicinity
supply most of the strawberries used in San
Francisco and the interior towns. The British
Queen, an old favorite, has been discarded, and
now^ Peabody's Seedling takes the lead. The
new Monarch of the "West is coming into favor.
Blackberries, raspberries and gooseberries grow
well everywhere. The foreign varieties of grape
do extremely well in the foothills of this entire
region, and over much of the valley, but are dis-
posed to mildew near the bay. This can be pre-
vented by using ^a trellis to keep the vines off
the ground. The favorite kinds are Black Ham-
burg, Malvaise, Rose de Peru, Flame Tokay.
Mu-scat of Alexandria, Chasselas, &c.

Figs, pomegranates, olives, lemons, limes and
oranges have been grown, of excellent quality,
and it is not unreasonable to expect large
orchards of thtese at no very distant day. In
some sheltered places we have even fruited the-
banana ; but this is a rare event.

The apple is extensively grown in this entire
section, and in great variety. The size attained
by many varieties is larger, perhaps, than in any
other part of the State ; but apples grown with
us are somewhat lacking in that sprightly acid
which characterizes the same varieties when
grown in more mountainous regions. They are
also lacking in keeping qualities. With few
exceptions, the Winter apples of the East ripen
in the Fall or early Winter. The following
apples have succeeded best with us : Early
Harvest, Red Astracan, Summer Queen, Ameri-
can Summer Pearmain, Gravenstein, Fall Pippin ,
Holland Pippin. Washington Strawberry. Maiden
Blush, Smith Cider. Yellow Belletlower, Rhode-

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

79

Island Greening, Caviiga Redstreak, or Twenty
Ounce; Jonathan, Vandevere, Wagener, Canada
Reinette, "White Winter Pearmain, Nickajack,
Ben Davis, Skinner's Seedling, Large Striped
Pearmain, Yellow Newtown Pippin. The last
is our best keeper, and most reliable market
apple.

Pears have been grown for nearly a century at
the old Spanish Missions, and both soil and cli-
mate have proved congenial in the highest
degree. Large quantities are grown for the home
mark'^ts and also for export. Almost all the
varieties known have been experimented with ;
but the tendency among large growers is now to
plant only a few kinds, selecting those best
adapted to transportation to a distant market.
The following have been most profitable : Bart-
lett, Clapp's Favorite, Flemish Beauty, Seckel,
Beurre d'Anjou, Beurre Clarigeau, Easter
Beurre, Winter Nelis. Only second in import-
ance are the Virgalieu, Madeleine, Bloodgood,
Beurre Hardy, Vicar of Winkfield, Duchess
d'Angouleme and Glout Morceau.

The peach is grown largely in all this district
south of San Leandro. This delicious fruit does
not ripen so early in this region as in the warmer
interior valleys ; hence the attention of orchard-
ists is directed mainly to the medium and the
late peaches, in which we excel. For the local
demand, however, all varieties are grown. Our
most popular kinds are: Alexander's Early,
Briggs' May, Tillotson, Strawberry, Large Early
York, Shinn's Rareripe, Crawford's Early,
Crawford's Late, Orange Free, Morris White, I
President, Salway and Smock's Late. The Thur-
ber. Susquehanna, Foster, Silver Medal, Nanti-
foke and man}- others are yet on trial. Early
Beatrice is not a success.

The Cherry, also, does admirably with us if it
is trained low so that the branches protect the
trunk. The leading varieties are : Knight's
Early, Early Purple Guigne, Elton, Black Tar-
tarian, Gov. Wood, Napoleon Bigarreau, May-
duke, English Morello. The cherry is preferred
on Mazzard stock, but bears well on the
Mahaleb.

The Plum, Prune and Apricot are staple crops,
entirely free from insect ravages, and peculiarly
adapted to our soil and climate. They market
well while fresh, and are dried with ease. Our
best plums are the Washington, Columbia, Peach
Plum, Quackenboss, Duane's Purple, Coe's
(rolden Drop and Imperatrice. Of prunes, the
Early Felenberg, German, Hungarian and Petite

j Prune d'Agen. The most popular apricots are
I the Early Golden, Royal, Moorpark and Hem-
kirke.

The almond and English walnut are grown in
■ every part of the valley, with promise of entire
success. Many orchards of almonds have been
I planted, and some have paid largely. The
I almond does best in a place somewhat sheltered
I from the north wind. A line of Eucalyptus
globulus is usually sufficient protection.

There are few difhculties in the way of the^
i fruit-grower of this section. No destructive
insects have troubled us, and we are near the
j leading markets of the State. In dry seasons,,
I the increased price of fruit compensates for the
[Short crop. But in some respects the home
market is overdone, and we must make an out-
let by exporting more fruit, either fresh, canned
or dried. Much interest has been shown in
various methods of drying, but the present ten-
dency is towards cheap family driers, which will
utilize the w^aste in small orchards, and enable
each orchardist to prepare his own fruit.

The region whose leading varieties of fruit I'
have briefly described, constitutes one of the
most desirable portions of California for the
orchardist. The business of raising fruit is
rapidly extending, and many farmers are aban-
doning the growth of cereals and i)lanting or-
chards and are beautifying their places. The
awakening of public interest on this topic has
been wonderful, and it is hardly too much to say
that probably in a very few years this entire
valley will be occupied by orchards, vineyai-ds.
small fruits and market gardens.

THE DIOSPYROS KAKi OR JAPANESE
PERSBMMON.

BY REV. H. I.OOMIS.

This fruit is found in Japan and China in the
same varieties of soil and climate as the wild
persimmon of our own country'. It will proba-
bly succeed as far North as Lat. 42°, and from
that to the Gulf.

Like other fruits, it differs widely in size,flavor-
and value, according to the soil, climate and
culture. It is stated that there are a hundred
varieties, of which but few are of value for
general cultivation. Some are the size of a
musket ball, and others have exceeded a pound'
in weight. Some also ripen on the tree like the
apple, while others (and some of the choicest
kinds) are subjected to a process of ripening tO'
remove the astrinsency and develop the peculiar,,
rich and luscious flavor.

»0

THE GARDENER'S MOM 1 11. \

\^March,

An t'x:ut <k'scripti«)n of all the varieties is yet
to be prepared. Owinj; to the diversity of names
and variations in the fruit, it isdillkiilt to obtain
a eompk'te and reliable account of the various
kinds.

From careful observation and comparison of
:uithorities I have selected the following as desir-
able varieties for introduction here, and I jjjive as
far as possible a condensed account of each.

Nihon is usually slightly oblong, is round in
•<hape, color yellowish red, with black spots in

Royal, similar in slia])e to the Taikoon,but
more yellow in i-nlor, large size. Is said to be
good for drying.

Mikado, shai)ed like a tomato, medium size
bright y» How color, (.'ailed in Japan "Tarngaki"
(from tarn a tul)). as it is usually plucked and
packed in casks to ripen. A very common and
popular fruit in Yedo and vicinity. Not nmch
used for drying. Some of the specimens arr
seedless, and especially when the trees are
young.

DlOSl'YKOb KaKi.

the surface and also in the flesh. It is not large. Imperial or Yamato, this is shaped like an
"but very productive and early. The flesh is solid acorn or minnie ball. It is very large, reddish
and it keeps well, ripening on the tree in Sep- color, with sometimes dark stripes on the surface,
tember. It is much esteemed for its peculiarly The flesh is soft when ripe and particularly sweet
sweet flavor, (rrown about Tokio. and fine. When peeled and dried it resembles

Daimio, oblong with rounded apex, color red figs, being covered with sugar that exudes from
with black or dark stripes about the eye, the fmit. It will ripen on the tree, but is
medium size, flesh soft, ripens in October. Called usually ripened in casks. Season, later part of
" Yedo's best Persimmon." October to January. The most popular variety

riTaikoon,round, of a pale or greenish yellow^ among the Japanese. From Mmo in Central
•color, medium size, ripens on the tree in October. ' Japan.
A great favorite in Western Japan. I Gogen, like the Imperial except in size, but it

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

81

is said that tlie trees are more prolific. Ripeus
on the tree. Is used for drying.

Kanosan, color yellowish red, oblong, good
size, ripens oil" the tree. The apex is bent to one
side.

There is a variety called the '' Manije Gaki "
(or bean persimmon from its size), that is not
good for eating, but the juicf of which is used for
making paint. The wood is very beautiful,
being mottled and black like ebony. It is prized
very highly^ for cabinet ware. The wood of
otlier varieties is not generally of as fine a
(piality.

There is a small seedless persimmon found in
Southern Japan that is used cluetly for drying.
It is probable that the trees sold in this country
as " seedless " are either the same or else amis-
take. 1S.0 large and seedless variety, as hasbe.en
represented, is i^ be obtained.

LIME FOR APPLE ORCHARDS.

BY3I. J. BLACKWKLL, TITL'SVILLI-:, N. ,1.

We have used lime on our apple orchard for a
number of 3'ears, and consider it beneficial in
moderate quantities, say twenty bushels to the
acre. We have an old orchard that has borne
heav}' crops for several years, that we have limed
with good results.

EDITORIAL NOTES.

Neav English Goo.sebekuies. — There are
several new gooseberries being put on the market
just now", " remarkably large, free from mildew,"
«Kc. We are glad to see experiments made in
this direction, for it is not at all impossible that
varieties of the English gooseberries may be
]iroduced that "will be more successful in our
climate than the English gooseberries of the
past. It is well, however, to remember that these
gooseberries belong to the English race, though
they may have been raised from seed in this coun-
try ; and the fact that they have remained a few
years free from mildew in any on(> locality is no
proof of their general adaptation to our climate.

Neglecting Orchard Trees.— The Country
Gentleman tells of two neighboring orchards at
South Haven, Michigan, one is ''cultivated,"
and the owner raises fine fruit. The other allows
his trees "to stand" in grass, and the trues arc
"mossy," "eaten by borers," have "yellow
leaves," and *' no fruit of any value." The only
matter of surprise is that our cotcmporary

should go to ^Michigan for its example, when
New York State can show as many such cases
as Michigan. We do not believe Michigan one
whit beliiud New York or any other State in its
illustrations of neglected orchards ; on the con-
trary, as the writer of this has seen with his own
eyes, the fruit growers o^Michigan arc, as a
whole, among the most wide-awake in the Union.
We can assure our cotemporary that a neglected
orchard has no more chance in New York than
any other State. Only good culture can raise
apples or any other fruit anywhere.

' Grafting Rooted Eyes — Mr. G. W. Camp-
bell, of Delaware, Ohio, takes rooted eyes of
j grapes for grafting. He says the process is much
j more certain in this way. The benefits are a
• verj' rapid growth from the union on a strong
I rooted stock.

Carter's Blue Apple.— Mr. G. W. Stoner,
of Louisiana, says this Southern apple is much in
' the way of Ben Davis, but prettier, fine flavored.
j and keeps as long as Rome Beauty.

I Apples for MissorRi. — A correspondent, evi-
I dently of great experience, from Caldwell county,
'■ tells the llural World: " If I were to plant out
a new orchard of 100 trees, I would make it about
as follows : 50 Ben Davis, 10 Lawver, 10 Wine-
sap, 10 Jeneton, ?> Red June, 3 Early Harve.st, 5
Maiden Blush, 3 Smith's Cider, 3 Bellflower, 3
Tallnian Sweet. For an orchard of 200 trees I
would add 75 Ben Davis, 10 Rome Beauty, 10
Lawver, and 5 Red Astrachan to the above list.
For an orchard of 1,000 trees, I would begin
with 750 Ben Davis, and the balance Lawver^,
Jenetons, Winesaps, etc."

East India Millet.— Under the name of
Penicillaria spicata, Mr. W. H. Carson, of New
York, is introducing a new forage plant. It
grows to eight or ten feet high before fall, the
stems rarely reaching an inch in diameter, and
very leafy. Two quarts of seed, drilled, is enough
for an acre. All farm stock like it.

The Northern Spy Apple.— The Gardene.r''s
Chronicle figures the Northern Spy Apple, and
says it is one of the best apples in England.
It was first introduced to public notice by Ell-
wanger «& BaiTy, of New York.

Blight-Proof Stocks. — In Australia they
call the Aphis lanigera " American blight."
They are using an old English apple, the Ma-
jetin, for stocks, which they say is "blight-
proof."

82

rilE HARniXI-.R'S MOXI'IIIA

[AAm/i,

NEW OR KARI-: J-KC/TS,
n-Ai/'/T.lJy/J-S, liTC.

TEOSINTK UKANA LUXII.IAX-. Mi'isi'!, Vil

iiioriii, »»f Paris, >;ive? (lio followinj; iiccount of a
lU'W fj;r:\ss, whii'h may l)t' wortli lonkiiiLr aftor by
our S()uth(»ni ai^rit-ultiirists : ••Miuli lias been
spoken latoly in (he auricnltural and liorlicul-
tiiral papers of this iriganlic ijraniina'a, botk as
an ornamental as well as a forage plant. It is
a native of Central America ; perennial in hot
climates, it will not stand our AVinters; resem-
bles Indian Corn in aspeet and vegetation, but
produces a great number of shoots, growing 3 to
4 yards high, thitkly covered with leaves, and
yielding such an abundance of forage, that one
plant is estimated to be sufficient to feed a pair
of cattle for twenty-four hours. In our northern
countries it is doul)tfMl whether it will be availa-
ble for forage, but it will certainly find its place
in large gardens as a decorative plant, for sown
in Spring in pots and planted in May in the
open ground, it will produce a mass of shoots
forming a large bunch of more than a yard in
diameter by three yards in height."

SCRAPS AND QUERIES.

Cuttings in Arkansas. — Mrs. S. S. T.,
Alexander, Ark., writes : " Here in Arkansas
almost every thing of the tree and shrub kind
grows from cuttings put into the ground in Feb-
ruary, but the inhaljitants do not generally avail
themselves of the fact, and indeed many are not
aware of it. I know of whole orchards of ap-
ples, pears, peaches, plums, &c., now in bearing
which were started from cuttings a foot or
eighteen inches long. We removed here a year
since, and have found Arkansas a country of such
wonderful capabilities as to constantly stimulate
us to improve its peculiar advantages."

Fall Blooming of Apple Tubes. — J. P.
asks : " I would like to be informed, if possi-
ble, of the reason of and cure for two Maiden
Blush apjile ti'ces belonging to a friend of mine,
blooming for several years past in October and
not in Spring. Situated at Red Bank, N. J.,
light, sandy soil, about seven miles from sea
shore."

[Trees which usually bloom in Spring or
Summer, bloom only in Autumn when the
leaves have been destroyed or injured before the
proper time for the fall of the leaf in Autumn.

Soniclimcs it is by leaf-blight, sdinetimes l)y
ca(eri)illars, but in some way the leaves of your
friend's trees have been injured towards the end
of Summer, and in this direction you must look
for the cause. — Ed. G. M.]

ScKinNEU Spitzeniu" i;fi Ari'LEs. — Mr.
Bailey writes: "I do not (liink that there is
much difference in time of ripening of the
Esopus and Scribner Spitzcnburgs. This year
we had very warm weather, ripening the fruit
earlier than usual on the trees, and followed by
very unusually warm weather after packing.
All our apples are over-ripe for the season."

FitiTiT-CuLTURE Foii Market. — J. C. "\V.,
Hudson River, New York, writes: ""Will you
please answer the following queries through
your journal? We wish to plant 1000 standard
and from 1000 to .3000 dwarf pear, to grow fruit
for New York market. What sorts would you
advise us to plant ? We wish also to i)lant five
acres of grapes. Could we do better than plant
the Concord, with a view to grafting to leading
white or other sorts ? Further, what variety of
crab-apple would you advise us to plant, with a
view to selling the fruit in New York, and
Geneva, N. 'Y. ? Nurserymen advise us to plant
Ilyslop. What work can you recommend as the
best on tlie cultivation and management of the
standard and dwarf pear? also on the grape? "

[While visiting the fruit farm of Col. Edwai'd
Wilkins, of Maryland, last fall, Mr. W. told the
writer that he had had so much profit from an
orchard of dwarf pear trees, that he was about
to set out — we believe — 50,000 more. These were
of the Duchess d'Angouleme. Another of our
large standard pear-growers finds the Bartlett,for
fall, and the Lawrence, for winter, the best stan-
dard varieties. For market, however, one has
to study what is his market, and what is the
demand there. We have known some old jieople
al)out (ierniantown make fabulous sums from
old Catharine Pear Trees, by merely whipping
off the fx'uils, and selling them immediatel}', on
the market prices of Philadelphia. But this
would be useless in a place where they could not
be all gatthered one da}' and sold the next. Con-
cord w( ul 1 be the best variety in most localities
not over-favorable for grape-culture ; but if you
are on liirht, dry ground, as on the Hudson
you probably are, the Salem, Brighton, Dela-
ware, or others of the better class, ought to do
well. All kinds do better grafted on Concord or
Clinton Roots. Hyslop or Transcendent Crgi-bs
are very good market fruits, but man}- prefer

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

83

the smaller, old-fashioned kinds. A week or two
an watcliing the market in which you will prob-
iibly sell, is good practice for one who intends to
set out an orchard for profit.

It is unfortunately the case that those who
have been the most successful in fruit-growing
seldom write books. Some of the best — at least
the most taking — of the literature of fruit-grow- i
ing in this country, has been the product of en. \
thusiastic, well-meaning men, who earnestly be- !
lieved in all they wrote, but whose orchards
(when they had any) afterwards proved disastrous
failures. With Barry's Fruit Garden andThomas'
Fruit Culturist in hand, and then some good
judgment in adapting their experience to your
surroundings and circumstances, you will, how-
ever, have as good a start as you will need on
your road to successful fruit-culture. — Ed. G. M.]

Pruning the Old Canes of Raspbekeies.
— M., iJ'ewark, Ohio, writes: "There is a dis-
pute among our fruit-growers as to the best time
to prune out the RasiDberry canes that have done
bearing. Some say as soon as you have picked
the last fruit ; others, not till "Winter or Spring.
What is the practice in the East ? and which is
the best?"

[Theoretically, df the old branches are cut
away, there will be moi'e " air and light," and
perhaps " food,'^' for the rest ; but in practice no
special benefit is found. Indeed, in some re-
spect, injury seems to result. The winter is
■often very severe on the canes. The wind whis-
tles through and dries out the sap. To some
small degree the branches of the old canes help
to break the force of the wind, and so far protect
the young canes. We think, on the whole, there
is nothing gained either way. Tlie practice herr_
:abouts is to cut away after the fall of the leaf
•or towards Spring. — Ed. G-. M.]

Outside Grape Borders. — R. T. Littleton,
N. H.,asks : " Would you advise making a grape
border outside for forcing, in a cold climate like
Franconia, X. H..? I see you do in Pennsylva-
nia, in December number, page 307. I had
.thought the reverse the best in this cold climate."

[Yes ; but cover the border in winter with leaves
or some other material. Frost will not injure
the roots of a grape vine ; but then it does them
no good. — Ed. G. M.]

Linseed Oil for Pear Trees. — E. J. B.,
Philadelphia, writes : " Please to publish the
following, in order to save others from the an-
noyance to which I have been subject, and the
destruction of fine orchards. We bought a farm,
with fine Apple, Pear and Clierry trees, about
twenty years old. They yielded quantities of
fruit, but wormy. Seeing in your Gardener's
Monthly, Vol. xix., Ko. 220, April 1877, page
115, Query, Oil for Fruit Trees, 'The writer of this
washed some hundreds of trees with linseed oil
a year ago ; it destroyed all insects, and the trees
were all the season and still are models of health.
It is far pri-ferablc to anything that we know
of.— Ed. G. M.'

"My trees, perfect models of health, are now
all dying. The bark has split, and is now covered
with a white fungus growth to a height of twenty
feet, or as far as the oil went. When touched it
falls off, and the wood beneath is dead. It looks
as if I should lose thirty or forty well-grown,
handsome trees. No money could repay the
damage done in the loss of shade and comfort
afforded. Thinking it would be impossible to have
better authority, I had them carefully washed
at the end of March or beginnimg of last April.
Perhaps you may be able to suggest something
that will save our orchard and our bitter disap-
pointment in losing all our shade and fruit trees."

[The trees referred to in the extract quoted are
still " models of health," though now two sum-
mers have elapsed. We feel quite safe in saying
that jOM?-e linseed oil will not only not injure, but
be of great advantage. Those who have had
losses must have used adulterated oils. We would
advise them to get some more of the same sort,
use a little to kill a branch of another tree, get
the balance analyzed, and then sue the seller for
damages. Any court would award it on such
evidence. — Ed. G. M.]

Forestry.

COMMUNICA TIONS.

QUERCUS PHELLOS AND Q. FALCATA.

BY J. M., PHILADELPHIA.

Some of the Southern species of oaks, among
Hvhich are the two named above, creep up a con-

siderable way towards a colder clime. lu
Wood's Botany the location of the Quercus
Phellos, Willow Oak, is given as from N. J. to
Fla., and Western States, and of the Q. falcata,
Spanish Oak, as from Va. to Fla.
I was pleased one day last fall, to find some

HA

Tin-: CARDRXER'S MOXJIII Y

f.I/,//v//.

lino spccitHiMis i>t' llic IMicUos just outxifli- ot
Pliiladt'lpliiu oouiify. across (lio Darby Creek
wluMv the l>ri(l<ie takes one across to Delaware
eoinity. There are some live or six trees in a
small clump of woods, the largest of them per-
haps fifty feet high, and irrowinj; side hy side
with the Quereiis palustris, which abounds in
this neijjhborhood. I have been told of speci-
mens of the (Jueicns Phellos which formerly
irrew in Grav's woods, some four mibs nuithof
these of which I am writini,' <;row.

It would be interesting to know the furthest
northern poiiit that this beautiful Oak has been
where found growing wild.

In the same vicinity that I name are scattered
speciuKMis of the Quercus falcata, but this ex-
tends further up towards Philadelphia city, and
even above it, as a large tree grows in Lans-
downe Ravine, quite near Horticultural llall,
Fairmount Park. Specimens can also be found
hi Mt. Moriah Cemetery and adjacent places.
The deeply lobed leaves, so tomentous under-
neath and so leathery to the touch, make it easily
recognized from others.

Country folks hereabouts call the Quercus coc-
cinia the Spanish Oak, but our botanical works
sive this name to the Quereus falcata.

THE EUCALYPTUS.

BY S., PHILADELPHIA.

Mr. Elwood Cooper, brought up in Lancaster
county, Pa., after making a fortune in the West
India trade, went to Santa Barbara, California,
and settled down to the cultivation of a large
ranche— 4,000 Olive trees, 4,000 English Wal-
nuts, 12,.500 Almond trees, and 50,000 Eucalyptus
trees constitute a portion of the orchards and
forest he has set out.

Appreciating the importance of growing large
quantities of trees and the especial value of the
Eucalyptus, he opened an intercourse with Baron
Ferd. Von Muller, Director Botanic Gardens of
Melbourne, and received numerous pamphlets of
the Baron's writing on Eucalyptus. These he
has collected and edited, with matter of his writ-
ing, making an important contribution to our
works on forest culture. Close with as much of
the circular as you choose He has sent a gift
of a copy of his book to the Phila. Library,
where it can be seen.

In a letter to a gentleman of this city he saj'S :
"All of you can have the Blue Gum in your or-

nammlal iilaiiiaii<ins lor several numtlis in Uk-
sunimt r. Plant tlie seeds in October in a green-
house, givi' the roots a larue box, put out in Jinie
in warm, dry soil, give water sulhcient to keep a
lively growth. Thus yr)u can iiave a plant of
great beauty by October, ten to fifteen feel
high."

lie also sent seed of twenty-om' varieties of
Eucalyptus, a portion of which have been given
to Mr. Miller for propagation, at IIorticnllMral
Hall in the Park.

Our friends, in the Southern States f speciall_\'^
should take notice where they can seciu't^ the
books on the Eucalyptus and the seed.

nniTORlAL .VOTJiS.

Yellow Pine.— It is well worth while asking,
What is the Yellow Pine V to remember that in
the Pacific States Abies grandis is the Yellow
Pine. It is also said that Thuja gigantea is
called the Oregon Red Cedar. The Libocedrus
decurrens is the Yellow Cedar of the Pacific-
coast.

The Spanish Ohestnut. — This, thou<:h wild
in many parts of Eurf)]ie, is now supjiosed to
have been originally introduced by. the (Jreeks
from Asia. The American species is no doubt
truly indigenous to the American continent.

Willow Bark.— This is successfully used in
Russia for tanning pvu-poses.

The Cinchona in Ja:maica.— In the forestry
of this island the Cinchona tree is a leading
"staple." It is thought there are 80.000 trees
of it. Somebody must use quinine.

Rapidity of Timber Growth. — We have

repeatedly given instances of the rapid growth

of timber, as opposed to the popular impression,

{ and are glad to insert the following, which we

i find in a Western paper. We are particularly

j glad to republish it, as Mr. Schofield deserves

gi'eat credit for what he has done to stimulate

timber-planting in the West :

" Mr. D. C. Scofield, of Elgin, 111., from trees
planted since he was 50 years old, has produced,
the timber to build himself a fine house. In this
he has taken pride to fini.sh it with elegant

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

85

■wainscoting, and finishing lumber from some
twenty-live varieties of the most valuable hard
<xnd soft wood grown by himself. It was not the
nctual necessity for timber tliat induced this, for
the country about Elgin, on the Fox river, is
well wooded and contains ample timber even
for tiring purposes. Mr. Scofield, many years
ago, was thoroughly alive to the necessity of
timber growing in the AVest, and he has shown
that a man past middle age may rear noble trees,
even of the slow growing sorts, while yet he
remains a hale and hearty man."

Eucalyptus Fire-Wood. — It has been
thought that the Eucalyptus would be a great
ooon to California in the way of fire-wood, but

Dr. Baer has recently addressed the California
Academy of Sciences on this subject, and insists
that the wood is almost incombustible. He says
it is impossible to fire a roof made of blue gum
shingles, so that wliat may be lost in fire-wood
may be a gain in making it a substitute for slate.
WrLLOAVS FOR RAILROAD TiES. — Mr. JessB
W. Fel', of Bloomington, 111., has created some
consternation in forestry quarters by asserting
that the white willow makes durable timber for
railroad ties. If this is borne out by good tests it
would be an extremely valuable fact — so valu-
able that it is well worth waiting for the actual
figures before making up one's mind that it is
no good.

Natural History and Science.

COMMUNICA riONS.

BARRENNESS IN THE FIC TREE.

TI. W. RAVENEL, AIKEN, S. C.

We read in the Bible of " a barren Fig tree •,"
but of the many hundreds I have seen I know
of only one instance, and that in my own
orchard. I will record its strange freaks, so that
if you or anj- of your readers have seen a simi-
lar case, I may have the benefit of your sugges-
tion as to the cause of barrenness and the
remedy. The habit of the Fig under out-door
■c-ultivation in our latitude is briefly this :

In the Spring, as the leaves unfold and the
new wood forms, there is a fruit-bud in the axil
•of each leaf, which begins to develop and grow
rapidly. This process continues until about
mid-Summer or after, so that there is a succes-
sion of fruit varying in age, and ripening in
their order of growth. Towards Autumn, al-
though the wood and leaves continue to grow
vigorously until frost, no fruit-buds develop, but
they remain dormant as buds. These dormant
buds, on the approach of Spi'ing, begin to swell
:and grow oft' rapidly, uhless it has been previ-
ously killed by an unusually severe Winter, and
give us what is known as "first crop," ripening
early in June. This generally is not as abun-
dant as the later or main crop, but the fruit is
larger. What is known, therefore, as "first
<-rop " is the result of fruit-buds formed the
Autumn before, and remaining dormant through
the Winter. The second or main crop is from
l)uds of the present growing season.

Now for the case of my barren Fig tree. In
the Autmn of 1873, when I took possession of my
present residence in Aiken, I found this a well
grown tree, some 10 or 12 feet high, with several
trunks or branches from 4 to 5 inches in diame-
ter, quite large enough to have been in bearing
for several years. It had been somewhat neg-
lected, but I had it well manured and pruned.
During the Summer of 1874 the shoots made vig-
orous growth, but no fruit formed. I tried in
various waj^s to force out the fruit-buds by
pinching the tei'minal growth, and by the use of
strong manures, l)ut in vain. In the Spring of
1875, the fruit-buds, which should have been
pushed the previous Summer, developed finely,
and were fully half-grown when they were killed
by a late frost. During the Summer of 1875,
although there was a healthy and vigorous
growth of wood and leaves, no fruit formed. In
the Spring of 1876 the same thing was repeated.
At the approach of warm weathei-, the axil of
every last year's leaf pushed out its fruit-bud,
and there was promise of an abundant " first
crop;" but again a severe Spring frost, coming
after an unusually mild Winter, killed not only
the fruit, but injured the tree to some extent.
Again no fruit was developed in the Summer of
187G.

This is the first example of a barren Fig tree
U*. e., barren of Summer fruit) I have met with.
The proximate cause seems to be want of exci-
tability, and consequent non-development of
the fruit-buds during the growing season. What
could have caused the change in the usual habits
of the Fig, I am at a loss to conjecture. This

86

TJIF. GARDENER'S MOXllUA

\^March,

is the Loiuon riir (a.s 1 iisct-rtaimd by ouo or
two fruits which partly escaped the effects of
frost), the variety most commonly cultivated in
Charleston, but which does not succeed here so
well as tile Celestial and Hrnwn Turkey. These
two last named I havf found to be the i)est for
our climate; hoth hardy, ixood l)earers, and
quality of fruit excellent. The main crop of
Celestial begins to ripen about 1st of .Fuly, and
continues for a month. IJrown Turkey ripi-ns

which looks at a distance lik(! leaves in i-arly
spring, and contrasts agreeably with the dark
firs.

One of the prettiest tiiiiit^s ;it this st-ason is :in
evergreen shrub known here as " On-iron (Jrupe,'^
but which has leaves liki; a Holly, thougii I liave
not seen llower or fruit. It has glos.sy dark-
green leaves with sharp spines, and is said to
bear black, or dark purple berries. [Mahonia
aquifolia. — En.] The "'Oregon currant" must be a

early in August, and continues into September. ' beautiful shrub. Usually, flowers, like pro])hets,

They botli occasionally, when the "Winters are are without honor in their own country; ])ut

mild, liear a small number of" first croj) " fruit. ; specimens are found in nearly every yard and

The Fig being a dioecious plant, we liavf, of j garden, and every fiower-lover is enthusiastic in

course, only the female in cultivation, and the
seeds are immature. The fleshy receptacle
swells out and becomes a luscious fruit, but for
want of proper fecundation the seeds are defec-
tive. Do you know of any male Fig plant in
this country ? It was said many years ago that
there was one in New Orleans. If we could
raise new seedlings, there might be good pros-
pects of improving our stock, and introducing
more hardv varieties.

NOTES FROM OREGON.

BY FANNIE S. BltlGGS, SALEM, OUEGON.

its praise. The leaf is similar to that of the
common garden currant and its habit of growth^
only it is ver}' much larger, and in spring it Ls-
said to bear a great profusion of bright scarlet
flowers. [Ribes sanguinea. — Ei).|

Almost every clear day I go out to look at Mt.
Hood, only a few steps up a hill, and I see it
rising in calm majesty from the dark surrouiiding^
ridges, glittering snowy white in the sun. From
other hills, not fiir away, we can see four of these
snowy giants • -Teflerson, Hood, Ranier, and St.
Helen's. Somehow these bold isolated peaks,.

I standing in lonely grandeur, landmarks for
hundreds of miles, seem even more inspiring^

Old residents say that the rains commenced here j than the long line of the Nevadas,seen from the
nearly two months earlier than usual. There California hills. No wonder that the dweller.'.
were very few fine days in October, fewer still in
November, and the steams were higher than had
been known for years. December, however, has
been very pleasant, especially the last week,
which has been clear and frosty. Plowing and
wheat-sowing have been going on for two months
or more, and are still in progress.

As might be expected in so moist a climate,
ferns, mo.sses and lichens abound. In many
places the trees for a foot or two from the ground
are covered with flat, leathery lichens, in shape
resembling the flat, branching antlers of some
kinds of deer. Some of these are green, some
brown, laced with silvery grey. I never saw
such riches of moss. In low grounds every
shady place has its carpet, every stone and
stump and fallen tree its covering, every fallen
twig or strand is taken possession of, and covered
■with little green plumes overlapping each other
with exquisite grace. Finest of all is a kind
that seems partial to the ends of oak logs, which
looks like long, graceful, interwoven leaves, fine
and soft as velvet. The timber of this region is

among mountains love their " ain countree ;'^''
no wonder that something of the caln> steadfast-
ness of the eternal hills aljides in their souls.

THE EUCALYPTUS AND THERAPEUTICS.

BY MAKQUII) DIGRAM, IMIILA.

You tell your readers in your January number,,
what I suspect most of them were previously
unaware of, that the action of the Eucalyptus is
not curative but preventative ; that is to say, the
plant rapidly acts through its roots instead of its
leaves, taking up with the former the moisture
which, if left to be acted upon by the sun's heat,^
would produce unwholesome vapors. These ever-
thirsty roots create innumerable streams in the
soil, and so prevent stagnation and its unpleasant
results.

Can you tell me whether the sun-flower —
the large-flowered one grown in gardens — acts in
a similar manner ; as il, also comes strongly rec-
ommended as a " destroyer of fever in the air.""
We are told that it was some vears since grown

chiefly fir and oak, and the oaks are completely ' around the grounds of a certain hospital at or near
covered with a fine light-green pendant moss, Washington, where ague bad previously beeii

1878.]

AND HOR riCUL TURIS T.

87

very prevalent. The result, we are further
assured, was the complete elimination of ague
from within the area named, a result which it is
ditlicult to understand as heing produced either
by the absorption of tlie poison tlu'ough the leaves
or the extreme moistui-e by the plant's roots.

The sun-ttower, though a rank grower, is a
puny affair as compared with the Eucalyptus,
which must spread out its roots either horizon-
tally or vertically to a great distance. If the sun-
flower's action coincides with that of the Austra^
lian plant, then one would suppose that it should
be grown thiclvly lilce a grain crop, covering the
entire ground. As the broken stalks of the sun-
flower are an excellent substitute for the corn-
cob as kindling, and as the seeds are greatly rel-
ished by poultry, it would not be an altogether
unprofitable work for those living in localities
afflcted with the ague, to give the plant a thor-
ough test as regards its sanitary value.

Have any other plants been successfully tried
for a like purpose in another climate, or could
3'ou name any wliich it would be worth while to
try experiments with?

[Tbere are few trees better adapted to dry up
marshy land than Willows and Poplars. The
roots drink up enormously. It is the cheapest
kind of underdraining.

We have no doubt that any plant that will aid
in rjdding the soil of superabundant moisture, is
so far a benefit to public health. — Ed.G.M.]

EDITORIAL NOTES.

Cahxivorous Plants.— Mr. Francis Darwin
has proved very conclusively the truth ot his
father. Charles Darwin's position, that the so-
called carniverous plants do make use as food of
the plants they catcli. A large number of plants
were fed on meat, and as many on what they
could get from the earth as best they could, and
the ditterence in growth and final product were
very much in favor of the meat-fed plants.

Fungi and Disease.— Prof. Burrill, of the
Industrial University of Illinois, and one of the
most conscientious investigators of minute fungi,
has the following attributed to him, going the
"rounds" in the agricultural papers: "There
is good evidence that the theory of the fungus
origin of the fire-bhght of the pear, and the
common twig-blight of tlie apple, is well founded,
but, th#ugh particular species, or what have been
regarded as species, are known to accompany the

disease, proof has not yet been obtained as to
their causing the death of the limbs, nor as to
the real action of any fungi upon these limbs.
In the meantime, besides every attention to se-
cure vigor and healtlifiilness of development
with little pruning, carefully washing in winter
time with a strong alkaline substance in solu-
tion is recommended for trial, and as careful re-
moval and burning of every dead limb or twig
as soon as observed, winter or summer." If
the origin of apple and pear l)light is, " on good
evidence," fungoid, and it thus becomes an ad-
vantage to "burn everj' diseased twig," to keep
the spores from settling on healthy wood, and
spreading disease, what is meant by the state-
ment that " proof has not yet been obtained as
to their causing death V " What is the diflerence
between " good evidence " and " proof? " Prof.
Bm-rill has no doubt been incorrectly reported.

LiBERiAN Coffee. — This new^ species of
coffee which is attracting so much attention in
Europe at tlie present time, was brought to the
notice of the Kew Gardens, by the Philadelphia
firm of Edward S. Morris & Co., who have been
the pioneers in the Liberian trade. They have
also a large trade in Palm Oil soap, which is
made in tlie Liberian colony, from the Oil Palm,
Elais guiniensis. It has been heretofore the
practice to bring the oil to Europe or America
for soap-making piu-poses. It is found that tlie
fresh oil on the spot makes a better article.

Dwarf June Berry. — The Iowa Horticul-
tural Society warns people that agents are sell-
ing " Dwarf June Berries" for real "Huckle-
berries." What are Dwarf June Berries ?

Submerged Roots in Winter. — A case is
reported in the Journal of Forestry, where a
Cupressus macrocorpa was submerged for two
months in the winter without injury. This ac-
cords with American experience. No tree
suffers from submergence for montlis in winter,
though a few days of submergence in the growing
season is fatal. It seems also understood in France,
where winter submergence is recommended for
grape vines, to destroy the phylloxera.

What is a Fruit ? — At a recent meeting of
the Montgomery Co. (Ohio) Horticultural Soci-
ety, Professor Morgan gave a very interesting
lecture on botany. At the conclusion of tlie
lecture the following proceedings are reported:

•• Mrs. Powell asked the Professor where the
drops of moisture came from which -.we fouiul in
flic Crown Imperial.

88

Tin- c.iKnr.M- Rs Miyxiinv

yMarch,

'• I'loti'SMir M(trLj:iii — 'I'licv (•(uiic tVdiii the Mir-
r(Hiii(liiiL^ (issii«>, uiuloiihffdly. Tlicv arc incrt-ly
:i scciTlion of (lie plaiil, altoucthcr analogous fo
(he milk of (he Jiiilk-wi'cd and that class ol
])laiils.

" A lady nionibcr desired sonic liLrht \\\n)\\ fliat
class of jilants termed the caiiiivcroiis. and
allndcd to in the essay, to uliicli the Profi-ssor
replied Ity sayinir that the <;reat Linnsens rejected
the idea that there were any such plants hi ex-
istence. ]{nt tlic fjreat naturalist was mistaken.
Such plants do (^xist, and it has heen clearly
demonstrated that they feed upon and diijest the
soft parts of insects cauj^ht hy them. The diges-
tion is perf(>rmed hy a sort of gastric juice
secreted hy the ])laiit. They are found about
the bofjs of the ('arolinas and nowhere cl.-c in
the world.

•'It was .suggested to the Chair thai if tlic
strawberry is not a fruit, as affirmed in the essay,
that 'Othello's occupation is gone'— that he
(Mr. O.) is no longer a fruit-grower, but a grower
of something else, and the chief point of interest
is, what sort of a nondescript did he grow.

"Professor Morgan exnlained very intelligently
and satisfactorily to all pre.seut, the difference
between a true fiuit and the strawberry, which
is no nioie a fruit than the tip of an asparairus
plant or celery stalk."

There is probably some misapprehenson of
Profes.sor Morgan's position. The fleshy por-
tion of the "fruit" which we so relish in the
strawberry is, of course, but the receptacle; but
even in a technical sense it would hardly do to
say that the receptacle was not part of the fruit,
certainly much more so than the "ti]) of an
a.sparagus."

M.VLFOUMKD Ai'tlp: JiLossOMs. — A corres-
pondent of the Valley Naturalist says: "We
have recently received some monstrous apple-
flowers collected by Prof. Keigh, of Xew York.
There may be seen on turning down the five
minute, pointed, sepal-like organs, into which
the petals are transformed, the fifteen pistils en-
closed. The outer ten extra pistils form a ten-
celled, superior core, and the five regular pistils,
■within, extend down through them to the regu-
lar five-celled ovary below. The number of
petals is occasionally but four, and the pistils
vary from twelve to fifteen. We see no other
way of accounting for the ten extra pistils,
except to consider them as transformed from
the twenty missing stamens; this is however;
contrary to analogy, as transformations of this

sort rarcl\ ever occur in othei- jilants. The
original tree is (piilc old, and is unforlnnately in
a dying coiuliiion. (Jrafts have, however, been
inatle, so that this peculiar monstrosity will not
: be lost to science by the death of the original
free. It has been suggested that the fruit may
also have an economic value, as. in an orchard
away from other apple trees, bloitming at the
same time, the large, early fall cooking apples
wtiiilil proliably be (juite seedless."
-IiMiMNC Be.vns <)>- Mkxko. — From the so-
called •jumping beans" of Mexico whose mo-
tions are caused by an insect within, Mr.
Ileiuy ICdwards has succeeded in obtaining a
beautiful moth of the Tortricidnc family and
' proiiahly a new species. The case is curious, gs
an instance of one of thr lepidoptera ])iercing a
seed capsule with its ovipositor, and laying an
egg to produce a larva which will destroy the
seed. This sort of performance is mostly con-
lined to coleopterous insects. The account of
j this new moth was given before the San Fran-
' Cisco Microscopical Society.

Light for Tkopical Pi>ants; — Professor
Secley thinks the idea that tropical plants need
a large amount of light is a mistake. We are
inclined to agree with him. We doubt much
; whether the actual amount of light in a tropical
i country is any greater than the jear's average in
I a temperate one. We have been sur])i'ised to
i find the Banana and man}- tropical plants make
green, healthy growth in warm rooms, where the
j light was comparatively limited.
I The Potato Beetle in Europe. — Some of
the European entomologists are amusing them-
[ selves with pelting Prof. Pilev, because he cau-
tioned them to look sharp after the potato beetle.
This is what Dr. Candeze, of Liege, says at the
Entomological Congress in Brussels, in October
' last. Speaking of Prof. Riley's paper, he says :
"There is apparently no doubt there was an
increase in the price of jiotatoes at St. Louis
during 1873; but the author himself, in his pam-
phlet, attributes it as much to suppression of
culture as to the ravages of Doryphora — many
farmers, he sa5^s, not daring to plant potatoes.
Let us hope that St. Louis is the town in which
Mr. Riley resides and publishes his articles.

" Certainly the Minister for the Interior would
be very much surprised if the publications of his
department, by frightening the farmers without
reason, produced the same result here next
season.

" Another fliult we find with this pamphlet is

1878.]

AND HOR TICUL TURIST.

89

that of extolling, for the destruction of the Do-
ryphora, an agent of which the handling is most
dangerous. Ever}' one knows the grave acci-
dents caused by Paris green to those who breatlie
the dust ; one is warned with just reason against
its employment in industrial arts. Medical men
have warmly discountenanced its usage in the
ornamentation of carpets and cloth. It is not
then without surprise that we find it advised to
powder the fields of potatoes witli it broadcast,
leaving its management in hundreds of inex-
perienced hands.

'' It is a case in which the remed}- is worse
(ban Ihc evil. Mr. Riley assures us as a fact
that arsenite of copper decomposes, and is not
Boxious once that it is deposited on the earth.
But before that ? He says that its judicious
employment has no inconveniences. We are
not of bis opinion ; and can we reckon on the
Judicious prudence of a farmer's bo}', to whom
would be left, in most cases, the care of arseni-
cating the potato fields?"

All this reads very funny to us over here, who
nppreciate fully the value of Professor Eiley's
labors. The logic of the critic is wonderful. It
"was not the Doryphora which made potatoes
scarce in 1873, but the dread of the Doryphora by
the planters ! In Dr. Caudeze's eyes this is a
great diflerence.

Tile tirade against Paris green is as funny as
the rest. There is little doubt but the watch set
on the Dorypora through Prof. Riley's cautions
will save them a year or two's crop at anj' rate,
which ought to be worth some milllions of francs,
and well worth the expense of the few thousand
pamjihlets distributed by European governments.
But they will be ver}' foolish if they conclude to
accept Candeze's advice and throw over Riley's,
and look on." the remedy (Paris green) as woi'se
than the disease." Still it will be our gain if
they do. If Dr. C. were a "bull" in the potato
market he could not send potatoes higher for our
interest. Riley's advice is at least for their good
and not ours.

SCRAPS AND QUERIES.

The CoxsTKt(-Tiox ok a Tkee. — S. says :
" Contemplating once a redwood tree in Cali-
fornia— three huiidrod feet high and perhaps
fort}'-five feet in diameter — the question arose,
Out of what was this stupendous mass of wood
manufactured? It could not have been mnde

out of the earth, for there was no hole in the
ground out of which it had been sucked up. It
would seem that the living force of the organism
must have converted gases and water (itself
another form of water) into the solid material
before us. Of course we recognize a certain per-
centage of mineral in the ashes of the wood, but
that must be a vei'y inconsiderable per cent, of
the tree. May we hear from you on this subject?
[Almost the whole of this huge mass is derived
from the atmosphere, and is carbon and water.
—Ed. G. M.]

The Ieonwood. — .1. R. P., Frankfort. Ky..
writes : " Which is the Ironwood, the Ostrya
Virginica., or the Carpinus Americana'? I have
always regarded the latter as the Ironwood — in
this State — but I see that on this there is a disa-
greement among botanists. In Torrey's Flora
of New York he calls the former (the Hop Horn-
beam) the Ironwood.

[In these parts the Ostrj-a is known as Iron-
wood. The Carpinus is " Hornbeam " in the
books, but among the woodmen it is generally
Blue or Water Beech.— Ed. G. M.j

The Cinnamon Vine. — B. M.,St. Louis, Mo.,
says: 'I have not hitherto appreciated what
you say about the disadvantages of common
names ; but I now do, at least to the extent of
three dollars ! Years ago the indomitable Billy
Prince introduced to us the Dioscorea Batatas,
or Chinese Yam, and, with my love of novelties.
I invested a dollar therein. It was fair enough
for a novelty, but the odor of roses which scented
the advertisements soon disappeared, and I let
my Chinese Yam go. But— tell it not in Aska-
lon ! — I saw a nice little advertisement of a
" Cinnamon Yine," and invested three dollars
in that same, only to find on receipt that it was
my old friend, the Dioscorea, come back again !
I wish I had them three dollars back ; I am op-
posed to common names. Now walk stroight
in, Mr. Editor, and break it all up. Must I lose
them three dollars? What is to be done? I
am sick of common names that cost me three
dollars!"

[Old things come out as new under botanical
names sometimes, as well as under common
ones. Of course it is easier to get into such
trouble by common names than b)^ the scientific
ones, yet the "common" name is hardlj^ re-
sponsible here. It may be by design that the
nam(> of '" Chinese Yam " has been changed, so
as to make a good " strike ;" or it may have been

90

TIIF. GARDllMiR'S MOXTJIIA

[March,

started as " Cinnamon Vine " in ijrnorancc that ' advice we can pive is that wh. n von see thinjifft

it was (lie old Chinese Yam. No inti'llim-nt nur- adviTtisi-d tiiat arc iiol in ilic licst niirscry t-at-

servnian or florist would sell a root under sueh a aloj^ues, whose issuers are always in the advance,

name without stalini; that it was " Dioseorea wait till you do ; hut if you are very anxious to*

Batatas,'' heeause sueh " deeejitions " or " mis- ho in first on a new fhiii<: which even the hcst

takes " always react unfavorahly on his pernian- men in the trade have not — well, then you must

ent business. We fear "them three dollai-s " pay for that glorious privileire, and even three

are ••ijone'' beyond recovery : and the only aood dollars is a cheap sum to ]iay for it. — Kd.]

— ^^^- • «* —

Literature, Travelsi^Personal Notes.

coj/j/[\\7L:r/V(hvs.

PLANT PROTECTION.

i;V i:i (.KNK (il.KX.

Last winter, in conversation with a leading
nurseryman, I ventured the opinion that not
more than one-thirdof the Pear trees theretofore
sold as Souvenij- du Congres had been genuine.
He atrreed with me. Another very active and
intelligent nurseryman standing by insisted that
the proportion of genuine trees of that variety
had not exceeded one-sixth of the whole number
sold as such. Be this as it may, it is bad
enough ; but unfortunately what is true of the
variety mentioned is true of every other new
variety, for which its actual merits or the eflbrts
of its introducers have created a demand in
excess of their abilityto supply at very moderate
prices. Unscrupulous nurserymen and dealers
are not found willing to accept the profits of
selling Apple trees at twenty-five cents each, or
Pear trees at fifty cents each, when by simply
changing labels the same trees may be readily
passed off at from one to three dollars each, and
so long as no easily enforced penalties are at-
tached to the commission of frauds of this char-
acter, they will continue to be committed.

To such an extent do they now prevail that
the agents of nurserymen and dealers, be their
principals ever so honorable, are insulted in or re-
fused access to thousands of houses all over the
country, .simply because the inmates or their
friends have been so repeatedly humbugged that
they jK'i suade themselves that honest}- hasentire-
ly departed from the nursery trade. I need scarce-
ly say that this state of things v/orlis a great out-
rage upon the public, and that it puts a tax upon
the business of each of the many honest members
of the trade.

Fraudfs in merchandise are by no means con-
fined to the horticultural trade, but thev are so

nnicii more serious in their results when com-
mitted in this trade than ni any other that they
may well be the subject of sjiecial legislation.
If a man buys a box of ground spice for twenty-
five cents, and it proves to be largely burned
rye, his loss by reason of this cannot exceed
twenty-five cents, and he readily accustoms him-
self to such losses ; but if he buys by name an
Apple tree for the same amount, thinking it is a
tine sort and Just what he wants when it is some
worthless thing entirely unadapted to his wants,
at the end of five years or more the fraud is
developed. His loss then includes the original
consideration and interest, the use of the ground,
the care he has yivcn the tree, and the pro.s-
pective profit or enjoyment which the genuine
tree would have* atlbrded. zVfter repeatedly
sutlering such losses, it can hardly be a matter of
surprise that men are discouraged and ready to-
denounce the entire trade.

In determining what may be done to suppress
this evil, it bei'omes important to consider what
is the existing law upon the subject. an<l why
does it fail to roach the desired end.

\ While it may startle some to learn it, there
can be no doubt that it is now, ayd for many
years has been, the well-settled law of England
and the United States that a seedsman wdio sells-
seeds under a name which it is not in fact,,
thereby becomes answerable to the purchaser to
the full extent of the damage sustained, mclud-

j ing the profits of the crop which might have been

j realized, estimating it at an average crop from
genuine seed in that year, had the seed been
genuine. (Randall vs. Roper. '.IC. Eng. Com. Law,
S'2; Page vs. Parry, S ; Carr & Payne, 7(i9 ; Pas-

'. senger vs. Thorburn. :U, X. Y, ():')4 : Van Wyck
vs. Allen, N. Y., 1877.

' By parity of reason it will be seen that a nur-
seryman or dealer who sells a tree under a name
which it is not in fact, does so at his peril, and is
answerable for the difference m value to the-

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

91

planter of the tree supplied, and the tree which
purported to be supplied, at the period of crowth
when it becomes practicable to discover the
fraud or mistake with certainty. Of course this
difference may many times exceed the original
consideration for the sale of the tree.

It is needless to say that if even all of those
who are the victims of honest mistakes should
enforce their claims under this law, the nursery
and seed trades would soon be anniliilated. But
there is no danger of a general enforcement of
this law; and it is a knowledge of this fact which
prompts men to sell spurious trees, plants and
seeds with impunity.

The laws must assume that nurserymen and
other merchants supply just what they agree to
supply, and hence it throws upon their victims
the burden of proving the contrary. With most
varieties the question of identity cannot be deter-
mined with certainty until the trees have fruited.
This may involve waiting five years or more, and
even then it may require the evidence of experts
or experienced horticulturists. The production
of this class of evidence is necessarily expensive,
and unless the amount in controversy is large,
the victims cannot afford to attempt the enforce-
ment of tbeir rights. Beyond all this is the fact
that nursery stock is and must continue to be
mostly sold through canvassers. Many of these
canvassers are irresponsible. They are in the
business to-day and out of it to-morrow, or th^'
or their principals must be sought, and claims
enforced against them at great distances — often
in other States.

It may be said that the evil can be arrested by
making it a penal or criminal offense to falsely
label any tree or plant, but then we would have
to encounter the same presumption of innocence.
We would require the same class of expert
proof. We would be obliged to wait for evidence
of the alleged fraud to develop ; oftentimes until
all other oflenses committed at the same time,
save murder, would have outlawed. We would
have to seek the offender where he might
happen to be, and the fraud in each individual
case would require to be tried separately. Expe-
rience in other things shows that the wheels of
the law would require to be set in operation by
the victims. In most cases this would involve
an outlay which the damages sustained would
not warrant them in making, and for no part of
this outlay could they lawfully re-imburse them-
selves Hence, except in aggravated cases, the
law would remain as dead a letter as the present
law is.

The question now arises. Can nothing be done
to lessen this great evil? I think there can be,
and it was its supposed capability of doing this
that first directed my attention to a horticultural
copyright law. As any discussion of this feature
of the subject was omitted in the order of publi-
cation intended, I will in another communica-
tion endeavor to show how a copyi'ight law
would act on frauds, and why such a law may be
expected to materially lessen the commission of
such frauds.

EDITORIAL NOTES.

European Notes, by the EiMTor..— No. 7. —
I fancy the young men who learn gardening in
these days, can scarcely take the same delight in
their profession as did the young men forty or
fifty years ago ; or perhaps it may be that the
older ones of to-day do not know what the youn-
ger ones are doing. At any rate, at the time of
wliich I am now thinking it was not the fashion
for 3'oung gardeners to think their school educa-
tion finished as soon as the school-room ceased
to enclose them. When passing through the
Midland counties of England, I had a vision of
one who once in a while dropped in on me, of a
long winter evening, in the warm greenhouse
" stoke hole," and who, by the light of a piece
of wax candle stuck in the mouth of a porter
bottle, helped to conjugate Latin verbs together.
My young friend was now in charge of Newstead
Abbey, and one of the best-known and respected
among the intelligent class of British gardeners.
Besides the weight of this early attraction, I had
never seen these beautiful grounds, so much of
which is familiar to every one who has read au}-
thing of the history of Lord Byron. I switched
off, therefore, at Nottingham, and, armed with a
card of admission from Mrs. Amelia Jane AVebb,
who with Captiiin Webb delights in nothing so
much as sharing with others the treasures of
history and art that abound in the Abbey, I took
a "fly" for the long ride into the country, in
spite of the assurance that we would save niuch
time by rail. The road took us round a ceme-
tery in which most of the dead were in natural
caves in the rock. The entrances to some of
these caves presented a sight I had often read of
but never seen , and I think it one of the most beau-
tiful sights I ever saw in nature — the iridescent
moss. As we looked in the entrances to some of
these lioUows, at some little distances, the sides
would glisten with red and green and gold, which
would all disappear as you reached the spot, and

'J'UF. aARPEXl'.R'S MOXlllI.y

{March.

It'avi-' iiolliiiiji but till' appoaraiict'of <;ri'i'ii paint-
like sliim-, but whic'li, under a lens, could be seen
as a minute moss. Columns ol' red and white
sandstone here and there sujijiorted the roofs,
and made beautiful cathedral-like resemblances,
in kefpiuLj with the <.'raves. The lirounds are
wisely kept as uiiture washed Ihem out for us,
and the chief tloral adornments are the yellow
bedstraw.the furze, and the broom ; and in spite
of the beauty of many an artilical cemetery,
there did seem to me a singular api)ropriateness
Jii the return of '"dust to dust, and ashes to
ashes,'' in a place so fresh from the baud of
naiin-e as this.

We pass on through ISherwood Forest, made
memwable by Sir Walter Scott, and the nianj^
stories of Robin Hood and his men ; but little is
left to suixijost the tales of the olden time but
tavern siu;ns. and the names of old ruins or vil-
lages, as we pass throui^h. The " Forest" must
have di.sappeared long ago, and the places where
the good old monks

•' Sang nncl laughed,
Anrt the rich wine qnxff 'd,
Till they shook the olden walls,"'

are gradualh' disappearing too, in spite of the
traditional regard for old ruins in England. But
we found the old abbey still there. This is built
on this ancient royal forest land. King Henr}^
had slain the Archbishop a Becket of Canter-
bury, and, as was the custom at that time, had
to bring forth fruits worthy of repentance before
his sins could be forgiven, so he built this glor-
rious pile and presented it to the church, in
whose possession it remained until King Henry
VIII. 's time.

I was fortunatf^ in finding my friend, Mr. John
Lawrence, at home. The gardens are kept up
very much as the old monks left it, and it was
particularly interesting to notice in their work
thus fortunately preserved for us, what good
gardeners they were. The huge terraces must
have involved an immense amount of manual
labor, which, if really performed by the novices,
shows that they did not altogether despise hard
work in their efforts for a better life. We are
told by history that it is to the labor and skill of
the old monks that we owe many of our enjo}'-
able fruits and vegetables. The long, straight
garden wall border, in which they made their
experiments, now so many hundreds of years
ago, possessed a great charm for me. They were
also adepts in fish culture. They managed al-
ways to keep a good supply of the best in the
■" slew pond," and this so artistically arranged bv

their great skill in comljining the beautiful with
the useful, that I have rarely seen a sheet of
water that seemed to make everything about it
so beaulil'ul. They, however, unlike so many
wealthy people of our own time, knew the ad-
vantages of good advice, and in the planning of
their grounds had the assistance of the celebrated
Le Notre, who designed the Palace (irounds of
Versailles, and assisted the great Cardinal
Woolsey in his gardens at Hampton Court. These
sheets of water are rectaiiLrular, but the blanches
of neighboring trees, stooping down to kiss the
placid waters, have extended some more and
some less, until tin' margins are bayed out and
inletted in a manner sulfieient to .satisfy the
devotee of the most irregular in garden art. A
great amount of this overhanging foliage was of
the yew, some of the trees kiu)wn to be at least
700 years old. These dark grci'U masses gave a
peculiar tint to the waters that can scarcely be
described. AVater birds, with their young, were
darting in and out uiubr the living shade, seem-
ingly so little in fear of interruption, that at first
I thought them tame. The breast-works of
some of the dams were so completely overgrown
with cotoneaster, creeping on through the cen-
turies, that the only knowledge of their existence
came from the foaming water as it dashed through
the scarlet-berried branches. The landscape
gardener may iiKike a place which will be pro-
nounced perfect, but the charm which age brings
is Nature's own.

The fern garden seems especially a favoi'ite
with English ladies. It affords scope for a nice
combination of earth and rock with the shade and
romance of the wild w^oods; and here, also, I
found one bcautifull}- designed. There are piles
of rocks and caves, and everywhere, inside and
out, the filmy foliage of some beautiful fern.
Even history is made to lend a hand in tlie intel-
lectual feast in many memorials; raid among
them all I could not help feeling a more than
usual interest in a small carved seyenite column
from Thebes, perhaps among the oldest pieces of
workmanship of civilized man. We may have
advanced some in the arts as we have had oppor-
tunities afforded us, but here is the evidence that
when the human race was being rocked in its
cradle, it knew how to do first-class work.

The grounds are full of interesting memorials.
Livingston was a guest of Captain AVebb, and
here wrote the last work he ever published. As
is the prevalent custom in this country, his pres-
ence here is marked b}' a tree planted b}' his

1878.]

AND HOR TICUL TURIST.

9^

(iwu hand — in this case our famous mammoth of
California. The memorial tree of all others
thai interests the traveler is one planted hy
Byron before he left the hoine of his fathers.
This is an English oak, and is now (> feet 9
inches round, not a slow growth, as so many
think is the fate of all oaks, by any means. If
the relic-hunters had their way, there would not
he much growth left to tell of its increase, but
not a twig is allowed to be broken oft". It so
happened that a violent rain storm the night
before had placed a very little twiry with a
couple of leaves or so on the mossy lawn be-
low, and for all my smiles at those who "■gath-
ered old sticks," and pulled mortar out of old
walls, my companion felt highly privileged
wlien she was permitted to bring the treasm^e
away to her home in the New World. The cel-
ebrated twin tree on which Byron cut the initials
of himself and sister, is not an oak as stated in
some of the biographies of the poet, but a beech.
Augusta's branch has been long since dead, but
the piece is preserved by Captain Webb, as is
everything belonging to the poet or any one
connected with him. A straight walk through
a dense wood, the walk made more dark than it
would be by beins; taken through a matted mass
of Rhododendrons, is a particularly gloomy
place, but was a favorite haunt of the young
poet. The gloomy effect is heightened by full
size statues (of course, copied from life) of
satyrs and imps of various kinds, and it is
said to be next to impossible to get any of the
neighboring peasantry to go through the place,
and among whom it is reverently known as the
Devil's woods.

A cold English rain, thin shoes, an umbrella,
and rheumatic limbs to carry it along, are not
very favorable to garden sight seeing, so
we had to make up the rest of our day in ex-
ploi'ing the rich treasures of the old Abbey
itself, and adiniring the magnificent scenery as
displayed from every window, as we wandered
from room to room, and all made by the art of
the landscape gardener, a wonderful tribute from
the hand of man !

But I must drop for the present the large
country seats, and say a word or two of the
beautiful public gardens with which England
abounds, and which, indeed, constitutes some
of her proud institutions. We leave New-
stead Abbey, and, retaking our " Hy," conclude
to go around Robin Hood's barn, instead of
along the side of which we came ; for we sup-

pose it is pretty well known that this celebrated
structure comprised the many thousand acres of
Sherwood forest, and that the King's deer were
always stored therein for Rol)in, whenever veni-
son was scarce. We reached Nottingham at night
fall after a charming drive, and put up at "'The
George," uncomfortably crowded by Americans,
chiefly drawn there througli that city being the
center of the lace trade. The good lady — most
of the English hotels seem kept by ladii^s — by
hook and by crook, managed to make up a suite
of rooms for us, and we were made quite
comfortable. Staying over Sunday in this town,,
it w^as interesting to notice that no one, not even
the poorest, seemed dressed without a I'ose in his
button-hole or her bosom. My readers will take
notice that I say a rose, and not a rose-bud ; but
I will not risk their good opinion of me by giv-
ing the circumference of the roses in inches.
The fact, however, will give a good idea of the
climates of the two countries. Under such cir-
cumstances with us, the rose would be a with-
ered corpse of a tlower in ten minutes. It was a
pleasant sight to see the town and its people on
this line summer's day. Almost everywhere
that I have been, in the Old World, on Sunday
or in week days, I see in every town some signs
of wretchedness, together with evidences of cul-
ture and wealth. I suppose Nottingham must
have its poor quarter as the rest, but if so, I
could not find it. Neat lace curtains in every
window •, some love for art in humblest homes ;
neatness of dress and appearance in the poorest,
and flowers in yards and windows everywhere.
My chief visit to Nottingham was to see its pub-
lic gardens of which I had read in my Ameri-
can home, and I thought no wonder that such a
town had a garden of so mucli reputation, when
I saw and talked with people that lived therein^
for, as I have before noted in these recollections,
the measure of an Englishman's refinement can
always be taken from his garden. I fancy, how-
ever, it will be best to defer an account of these
public grounds till the next number, when I
may perhaps work up those of several of the
English and French cities into one chapter.

The Gardener's Monthly and no Gar-
den.— S. J. B., of Biddle University, Charlotte,
N. C, writes: "If it should be any encourage-
ment to the publisher and the editor, I might
say that I appreciate The Monthly so highly,
that I have taken it the past two years merely
for the general information contained in it, al-
though I had no ground to cultivate ; but here-

94

THE CAK/^/:.\/:h''S MOXlHI.y

[March,

after I shall make use of Mr. Median's experi-
ence to my own prolit, I trust. Paradoxically,
one need not • vcLrtlate ' witli TiiK Monthly
on his tal)h'/*

MKI.nnlKNK r>ttlANI( (iAKDKN. — HaroU

\<n\ MulU'r. to whom we owe the introduction
at tin- C'l'iUfunial of the nnijcstic Australian
tree tVrns, receives mucli praise from the Alel-
bonriu- Arfrus. for what was r\cconi|ilish('d when
he was at the head of the liotanic (iaiden there.
AxDUKW Mi'lMJ.VY. — All who are interested
in tiu' coniferous trees of the Pacific coast, will
he familiar with the name of this <rentleman,
■^vhose decease the EuLiiisli pajiers have just an-
nounced, lie was anionir the earliest of the
descrihers of the coniferous trees of the Pacific
coast, and we owe nuich of our knowh-d^e of
them to his labors. American l)otanists mi;;ht
•dilfcr with hun as to matters in relation to these
plants, but he never allowed dilVerences of this
character to interfere with the most cordial per-
sonal relations, and in this exhibited the hijihest
type of scientific character. The services which
lie had rendered to American J3otany obtained
Tor him an election to correspondinti member-
ship in the Academy of Natural Sciences, an
honor we know he highly appreciated, as, in a
letter to the writer but a few months before his
death, he expressed his determination to visit
the institution should he ever return to America,
" thoutih he would have to <io a hundred miles
out of his way to do it." He took a i^reat deal
•of interest in the probable introduction of tlie
Colorado Beetle into England, knowinr:: from
•actual experience on this continent how destruc-
tive is its character; and much of the activity in
England in devising schemes to save the Eng-
lish crops from destruction, is due to him.

TrwVNSACTIONS OF THE NEBRASKA StATE

IIoRTicuLTUKAL Society.: — From D. H. Whee-
ler, Secretary, Plattsmouth, Neb. We always
value these as keeping us posted on the suc-
cessful progress of horticulture in a State
where so much has to be learned from actual
experiment.

Proceedings of the Worcester County^
Horticultural Society^ Mass., for 1878.—
Prom E. W. Lincoln, Secretary. These are
always among the most valuable Horticultural
Proceedings we receive. In the present, are
essays on the Apple, by O. B. Iladwen ; the
Pear, by James Draper; the Strawberry, by W.
H. Earle ; Garden Vegetables, bv' Sylvanus
'Sears ; and the annual reports of the Librarian
and Secretary. In our last year's notice of the
Proceedings, we called attention to the reflec-
tions made by the Secretary on the Pomological
judges at the Centennial. He thought they
might be honest, but were incapable. What
we said about that is quoted in this volume, and
which the Secretary thinks " concedes every-
thing essential." Dissatisfaction with Judges
appears, however, to be chronic with the Worces-
ter County Society. The Secretax'y says of their
•own judges, " A miracle would be needed to
provide you with committees, whose tireless
;services and adequate knowledge should be at

your' beck and call, IVciiuciiily till midniglit,
without even the jxior retainer of rati<ins or the
prospect of the most meairre pay. Nevertheless
dissatisfaction exists." The (Centennial chickens
have evidently ijone home to roost.

Thk London Florist and 1*omolo<jisi',
whi<;h, under Mr.Thoiuas Moore's managenu'nt,
has so long had a successful career, and wliich
gives sucii admirable colored ])!ates of fruits and
tlowers, enters on a new series, with a nnich larger
jiage than l)efore. This will admit of plates of
larger things than heretofore — a Californiau
pear, for instance.

A'ick's Illistrated Catalo(,ue. — It is im-
possible to estimate the <:f)od wiiich the modern
catalogue does in sjjrcading substantial informa-
tion. In this before us a sjx'cies of every genus
is given in illustration, so that people at a sjlance
can have an idea of what the wiiole genus is like
Some of these catalogues which peoplt^ get for
nothing are often worth more, in a l)otanical
]ioint of view, than old-fashioned ti'eatis(>s that
cost a great deal of money to procure. Of course
they are not always up to the latest botanical
rules, as, for instance, Bartonia as here given,
the l)otanist would call Mentzelia : but for use-
ful pioneer work they cannot be excelled.

Vegetable Plants — How to Grow Thkm.
—By Isaac Tillinubast, Factoryville, Pa. Pub-
lished by tlie author. This is a neatly bound lit I le
book of about 100 pages, which exi)resses its full
measure of usefulness in its full title. We have
seen few works of its class likely to be more
useful to those it is intended to serve.

Correspondence Botaniqt'e. — By Edward
Morren Liege, Belirium. This, Avhich is a list of
botanists, botanic gardens and nurseries throuirh-
out the world, has been found so useful that the
fifth edition is here called for.

]\IouND Making Ants of the allegha-
NiEs. — By Rev. Henrv C. ^McCook, Philadel-
phia. Published by John A. Black, \?,?A Chest-
nut St., Philadelphia. Price 75 cents.

"Goto the ant thou slugirard; consider her
ways and be wise," was a very good admonition
in its time, but it was good for others as well as
the sluggard. Indeed it is doubtful whether the
wise man who recommended this remedy for
laziness knew a hundredth part about the ant
that he mi^bl have known bad be lived in these
days, and had Dr. McCook for a teacher. It has
the merit of not being "spun out" in the text,
and it is fully illustrated by plates taken from
photographs. " We have given the title in full,
as the many free lectures on ants and spiders
which Dr. McCook has given the public, deserves
all the encouragement those who love intelli-
gence can give. An interesting fact developed by
Dr. McCook that we knew not of before, is that
the "carpenter ant" does not confine itself to
dead wood in its house-building operations, but
takes to living trees ; and there are many cases
in which borers or some other " worms " have
the odium of injuring trees which really should
be laid at the door of these industrious but often
annoving little creatures.

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

95

Horticultural Societies,

COMMUNICA TIONS.

SOUTHEASTERN KANSAS HORTICUL-
TURAL SOCIETY.

BY H. E. VAN DEMAN.

The fourth annual meeting of this society was
hekl at Humboldt, on the 9lh and 10th of Jan.,
1878. The attendance was good, and the speci-
mens of fruits and flowers upon the tables cred-
itable. Mr. James Truitt, of Quincy. Ky., sent
about ninety varieties of apples to compare with
those of Kansas. Owing to early gathering and
long transit, they did not compare favorably ;
but Mr. Truitt certainly deserves the thanks of
the people Jiere for his interest shown.

An appropriate address of welcome was de-
livered by Hon. John R. Goodin, and responded
to by D. B. Slveeles in behalf of the society.

The society proposes to hold a fruit show next
fall, in connection with one of the agriculural
fairs, within the district.

The officers elect are H. E. Van Deman, of
Geneva, President ; D. B.Skeeles, of Galesburgh,
Vice-President ; G. W. Ashby, of Chanute, Sec-
retary; C. C. Kelsey, of Humboldt, Treasurer;
C. IL Graham, of Le Roy, J. B. Torbert and S.
B. Roth, of Chanute, Trustees. The next annual
meeting of the society will be held on the first
Wednesdaj' and Thursday of December, 1878, at
such place as the board of directors may direct.
Any person who wishes to avail himself of the
advantages nf a copy of the proceedings of the
society, which is published with those of the
State Horticultural Society, can do so by sending
his name and flft}' cents, as an annual member-
ship fee, to the secretar3\

EDITORIAL NOTES.

ADDESS OF MARSHAL P. WILDER.

( Continued from page C-l).

The foreign market for peaches will be very
great if prices can be made moderate, and when
our refrigerating ships shall be perfected, Eng-
land can take much of the surplus of our im-
mense crops of this fruit. The same is true of
pears, ])ut all sales depend on the condition of
the fruit.

Formerly a large crop was not a blessing,
owing to limitation of the market and the ex-
pense of gathering the fruit, and it has been
estimated that a loss of several millions of dol-
lars has been sometimes sustained in an abun-
dant year by the waste of fruit. The whole
crop may now be saved and utilized by the new
methods which are being constantly invented
for curing and distributing this surplus. In fruit
districts large amounts of capital are invested
in establishments for the drying and canning of
fruits, which promise to put the surplus of abun-
dant seasons in condition for preservation till
wanted for consumption or exportation. Some
of these are yet to be tested, but no doubt exists
that we shall eventually thus utilize our fruits,

and make them not only profitable, but a source
of increa.'-ing revenue to our country.

With reference to the demand for dried fruits
the consumption is rapidly increasing, and if
dried i)»«,ches can be furnished at as low iirices
as apples, the demand, it is thought, will be
very irreat. Of dried fruits there were exported
for tlu' year ending June 30, 1877, 14,818,052
pounds. Of preserved and canned fruits, espe-
cially peaches, there have been exported 7()2,-
344 dollars' worth in the year ending June 30,
1877. The trade for these is well established
and the demand is constantly increasing. Al-
though the exportation of fruit has been going
on quietly for a long time, it was not large till
the year 1865 ; but since that time the trade has
been rapidly developed. These exports have
varied much in yearly amounts, occasioned by
scarce or abundant seasons. In 1861 the amount
was only 'S2(VJ,000. In 1871 it was !ir50'.),000,
while for the year ending June 30, 1877, it
amounted to S2,937.025, as kindly furnished me
by Dr. Young, chief of the Bureau of Statistics
— showing an increase of more than five-fold for
the last five years.

CROSS-FERTILIZATION.

Whatever the fruit cultivators of ancient
times may have known in regard to the cross-
impregnation of varieties for their improvement,
we have no evidence, if we may judge by the
quality of the fruits which have come down to
us, that they were acquainted with this process.
The first experiment to ascertain the possibility
of producing varieties by cross-fertilization ap-
pears to have been made in Germany, b}" Koel-
reuter, who published reports of hi3 proceedings
in the acts of the Petersburg Academy, about
one hundred years ago. Knight, Herbert and
the Lindleys commenced the work some fifty or
sixty years since, but it had scarcely been rec-
ognized by Duhainel, Noisette, or Poiteau, in
their writings, and Van Mons absolutely dis-
couraged it. Poiteau remarked that all of the
ameliorated and superior fruits had theii- origin
in woods and hedges, where superior fruits were
rare and unknown. Nor was it more than
alluded to by Coxe, Lowell, Manning, Thomas,
Prince and such leaders in our own land. Coxe,
who may be styled the first American pomolo-
gist, alluded to it as " a curious discovery which
had been made by Mr. Knight in the natural
history of fruit trees, by which one variety might
be impregnated with the farina of another, some
of the products partaking of the proi)erties of
the male, others of (he female parent."

But with the publication of IIove)''s Magazine
of Horticulture, Downing's Fruit and Fi'uit
Trees, and the Horticulturist, the experiments
in hybridization became well known in our
country. This pi-ocess, applied to the grape,
said Andrew Jackson Downing, thirty years ago,
will give hundreds of hardy kinds, adapted to
every orchard and garden in the Union. How
full}' this prediction has been fulfilled we have
seen in the new varieties of hybrid grapes pro-
duced by Allen, Rogers, Moore, CampbelL'and

90

/■///•; c;.ihW)/':\/':h"s MoxrnLV

IMarch,

espocially Ity Mr. Hiikctls. wIhim- woiKlcit'iil
succoss in rross-fiTlilizatitm has lit'iii afliicvcd
o»» the vorv soil wlinv tliis |)ni])h('cv was made.
With this kimwh'diri' roinnu'iu-i'd a new era in
till' prodni'tion of iniprovctl varieties of iVnits,
tiowers an»l vegetables ; an era wiiieli lias so cii-
lariri'<l tlie sphi-re of ex])erinients in i'ertili/.ation
tliat its oriLrinators will ever he urMleluUy re-
inenilH led as henetaetors to mankind, who have
illnstrated one of those wonderful and beautiful
laws i)y which the whole universe is regulated,
and by which improvement in fruits, veiretables.
and animal life may be advanced until absolute
perfection is attained.

XOMEXCLATUKK.

The pro;rress in correct nomenclature has been
most liralifyiuLr, and the laliors of the American
Pomoloiiical Soi-iety, in connection with ils
Lireat exhibitions of tVuits, have had a jiromi-
nent leadimr influence in this result.

Mr. John .1. Thomas says: ''I well rememlx'r
the continuid disa]ipoiutments 1 met with when
a youniu; man in procurinfj trees that were true
to the name — in some fruits accuracy seemed to
be decidedly the exception. In corrcspondinj;-
on this subject some forty years ago with the
elder Robert Mannin<r, he remarked that the
account of my disapi)ointment was a history of
his own." At the present time, all respectable
nurseries are accurate throughout, and pur-
chasei'S scarcely find an error. One of the ob-
jects of the founders of this Society was to
correct the evils which formerly existed; to aid
in determining the synonyms by which the same
fruit was known, and thus to establish the cor-
rect names and impart a knowledge of th(; value
of varieties.

Much has been accomiilished by the Society's
Catalogue, whereby a permanent foundation has
been laid, which will eventually result in the
complete abrogation of such names as are used
without litness, propri(;ty or even truth. We
especially desire, for the honor of our science,
that all inelegant or absurd names, such as Cat-
head, Hogpen, Sheepuose, Stump the "World,
and the like, should no longer be applied to
fruits. In this respect we have made great ad-
vances by the suppression of vulgar names and
the adoption of such as have reference to the
origin, introduction, or the characteristics of our
fruits. How absurd to give to a luscious fruit,
radiant with the loveliest tints of nature, and
fragrant with the spices of Arabia— a fruit pos-
sessing almost supernal grace — such vulgar
names. How inappropriate the dedication of
fruits to warriors and statesmen, to generals
and colonels, presidents and senators, or the
long roll of titled nobility, whitdi have no
natural connection, or analogy, with fruits.
How much more appropriate, for instance, are
the names of the Baldwin and Porter apple, the
Bartlett and the Sheldon pear, the Early Craw-
ford and Late Adihirable peach, the Concord
grape, and "Wilson's Albany strawberry. Some
of these have come down to us from former gen-
erations, and will survive as long as the varieties
which bear them exist, without the use of three

hnndrtMJ jind seventy niinics for twenty-nine
kinds of iip]tles. as slated in Dr. Howsley's lie-
port of 1S7.'.. Our c.ntaloLjue already aliomids
with the mnnes of fruits of American ori-.Mii.
and they will ere long surpass in number those
of foreign climes. I^et us, then, labor to estab-
lish a pure. prr)per and practical nomenclature
of fruits for our hnid. which sh:ill be correct,
deliiiite. int(dligible ;nid which shiill endure for
iiU tinu'.

Among the most important acts of this Soci-
ety was the rejection, as unwf)rtiiy fif cultivation,
(in IS.'iS, nineteen years since,) of 02.0 varieties
of fruits, then known in the catalogues of nur-
serymen, but since snpi)resscd. Not Irss imjior-
tant was the adoption of its own Catalogue of
VMrieties adapted to the various sections of our
wid(dv exten<led country. This took ]ilace in
1S()2. but it was reserved for the year 1S71 to in-
augurat(> the present grand f|uarto foi'm Mri-;niged
in Northern . Southern and Central Divisions,
similar in climate and other chiu'acters atfecling
IVuit culture, with columns for lifty States and
Territories, thus pi-esentinii to the world the
nutst perfect and ])ractical catalogue of fruits
extant. Thus shall we improve our pomology
and thus hand down inestimable blessings to
the world; not for ourselves only, but to glad-
den the sight, gratify the taste, and cheer the
hearts of the advancinir millions that are to oc-
cupy this blessed land. And what more endur-
ing memorial of valuable service to postei-ity
can we render than to transmit a tme fruit
which shall survive when we have passed from
our labors on earth. The pleasures of sight en-
hance the pleasure of taste, and thus generation
after generation will rejoice in the beauty as
well as the richness of fruits which have adorned
our orchards and cheered our social meal, and
which, with each successive year, cause us to
realize the thought of the poet, that

" A thing of beauty is a joy forever."

Ohio HonTicTiLTiiKAL Society. — Mr. Bate-^
ham informs us that the annual meeting of the
State Horticultural Society, at Ravenna the past
week, was counted the best of the thirty years'
history of the society.

The othcers of the Horticultural Society elected
for the ensuing year are mostly the same as last
vear : Dr. J. A. Warder, President, North Bend;
N. Ohmer, Vice President. Dayton ; ]Vr. B. Bate-
ham, Secretary, Painesville ; G. W. Campludl,
Treasurer, Delaware; Leo Weltz, AVilminL'ton ;
J. J. Harrison, Painesville; G. M. High, Middle
Bass; Frank Pentland, Lockland; and C. C.
Miller, Norwich, Committee.

Montgomery (Ohio) Horticultukal So-
ciety.— This well known and useful society
seems in a prosperous condition. Its last report
tells us that "■ during no preceding year have our
meetings been so uniformly well attended as
during the one just closing, and at no former
time have our discussions been participated in
by a larger number of people, imparting thereby
unusual interest to our pi'ocecdings, both verbal!
and printed."

THE

GARDENER'S MONTHLY

AND

HORTICULTURIST.

DEVOTED TO HORTICULTURE, ARBORICULTURE AND RURAL AFFAIRS.

Edited by THOMAS MEEHAN.

Vol. XX.

APRIL, 1878.

Number 232.

Flower Garden and Pleasure Ground.

SEASONABLE HINTS.

April is a good planting month. There is not
uuich art in planting trees, though it is often
much of a myster}'. Xot to let the roots dry for
an instant between taking up and planting,
everybody knows, but everybody don't do it; in
fact, everybody deceives himself. We have
seen this distinguished individual leave the tops
of trees exposed to the sun, with a mat or straw
thrown over the roots, and think all v/as right —
or heel in for a day or two, by just throwing a
little dirt over the roots. This is a little good ;
but everybody's fault is, that although this may
be ten minutes of good, he expects to get ten
hours, or even ten day's value out of it, and thus
he suffers more than if he had done; nothing,
because he forgets that the branches evaporate
moisture from the roots in a dry wind, and the
juices go from the roots through the branches,
very nearly as w^ell as directly to the air from
the roots themselves. So Avith heeling in. The
soil is thrown in lightly, or at most just "kicked"
down. " It is only temporary," very few of the
roots come in contact with the soil. They can
draw in no moisture to supply the waste of evapo-
ration, and thus they stay day after day — every-
body satisfied because he sees the roots covered,
really worse than if they had been exposed.
We have no douljt that more trees are lost from
imperfect heeling in than from any other cause
Avhatever. Of course, if the tops be covered as
well as the roots, there is less waste of moisture
and more chance of success.

This hint will help us in planting. That is,
pound the soil in well about the fibres, so that
they may be in close contact with it ; or they
cannot draw in the necessary moisture. Should
the trees appear a little dry, or the roots badly
mutilated in digging, or have few fibres, cut
awa}^ the plant according to the severity of the
injury. It is scarcely necessary to repeat that
for this evaporation reason, it is best to plant
trees when the ground is rather dry, because it
then powders best in pounding, and gets well in
about the roots. Wet ground j^/as/e/'s, and leaves
large hollows in which roots cannot work.

Where evergreens can be benefited by prun-
ing, April is a very good month to attempt it.
If a tree is thin in foliage at the base, the top of
the tree, leader and all, must be cut away. It
makes no ditference what the kind is, all will
make new leaders after being cut back, if pro-
perly attended to. We make this remark be-
cause there is a prevalent idea that Pines will
not stand this cutting. Of course the trimming
should be done in a conical manner, so as to
conform to the conical style of the evergreen
tree. Sometimes an evergreen, especially a
Pine, will rather turn up some of tlie ends of its
side branches than push out another leader;
when this is the case, cut these away, and a real
leader will form the second year.

Evergreen hedges should be trhnmed now,
cutting them conically, so as to give light to the
lowermost branches.

There is so much to be done in April, that
the briefest hints must sutlico. First, of course,
w'e must prepare the ground for planting. Soil

98

THE (;.\Kni:.\i-:Ns Moxriiiv

VApnl,

loosoiu'd two loet deep drius dut less in Suinnur
than soil one foot deej). liiili soil f;ro\vs a tree
lai-Lrer in one year than a poor soil will in three,
rnder-drained soil is eooler in Summer than soil
not under-<lrainod. The feeding roots of trees
come near the surfaee ; therefore, ])l:inl no dweper
than necessary to keej) the tree in (he soil. If
there be danger of its blowing over, stake it, but
don't plant deep. One stake set at an angle is
as good as two set perpendicular. Straw or mm
set round the tree kecjis the bark from rubbing.
Large stones placed around a transplanted tree
are often better than a stake. They keep the
soil moist, admit (he air, and cncouraLre surface
roots. Shorten the shoots at transplanting.
This induces growth, and growth produces roots ;
and with new roots your tree is safe for auotlni-
season. Unpruned trees produce leaves, but
little growth, and less new roots.

Unless inside of a round ring, or circular walk,
don't plant trees or shrubs in formal clumps.
The}' are abominations in the eyes of i)ersons of
taste. Meaningless irregularities form the oppo-
site extreme. Kemember, " art is nature better
understood.'''

COMMUNTCA TIONS.

CARPET BEDS.

BY ('. .r. P..TORKLUND, H.OIPTOX, VA.

In (rermany the arrangement of bedding
plants is very neat. At the numerous villas in
the vicinity of Hamburg there are some verv
good ribbon and carpet beds to be seen, the
style being light, and not so sharp, geometri-
cally, as that of the English. In the gardens at
Paris are some splendid ones, especially in the
Jardin de Luxembourg, Jardin des Plantes,
Jardin des Tuileries, Pare de Monceaux, Souare
des Buttes Chaumont, and Champs Elysees,etc.
In France there is in some places an excava-
tion dug out. on which bottom the so-called
carpet beds are arranged, in order to obtain a
view of them from above, while in the parks of
London the beds are often raised a few inches,
in order to make them show distinct above the
grass lawn, and both methods look well.

In designing, there is hardly any limit for
variation, but it must always be kept in view to
join one sort to another of greatest difference in
color, the principles being about the same as in
bouquet makinsr. I ])eg leave to give a few
illustrations, with description of arrangement,
leaving it to your individual consideration.

The beds to lay tlu-ee to five feet from the

walks, should be (juite llat. with sharp sloping;
edges or sides, on which should be planlid
Eehevei'ias, Sempervivunis, Sedums, etc. After
• the planting of the (wo first mentioned, a coat of
I clay aiul soil made uj) into a thick mortar to be
given around the plants, to prevent the soil from
b( iii^ ( ai lied away from (he roots, or the break-
ing of the edge, by the rain, or
wa(ering, will l)e found very
lieneficial.

Fm. VII. — 1, Alti-rnandiera
aniabilc ladfolia ; 2, Alternan-
tbcra versicolor; o, Pyrethrum
parthenifolium aureum ; 4. Al-
(ernandiera amiena: .') (the
sides), Semjjcrvivum calcara-
lum.*

Fig. vrii. — Ten feet in di-
iinicfer. is an exception, in-
tended to have an even slope
from the center, which is suj)-
])os((l to lay one foot above
tlu' lawn. The center, 1, is
Coleus Emperor Napoleon ; 2,
Santolina incana; 3, Pyreth-
rum parthenifolium ; 4, Alter-
nanthera versicolor; .'),Eche-
veria secunda glauca; A. Alter-
nanthera paronychioides; 7 and
■^*o- '• H, Mescmbryanthemum cordi-

blium variegatum; 9,Sempervivum Californicuni-
FlCr. TX. — Twentv-four feet long bv eight wide.

1, Agave Americana folia, variegatum (single
specimens in the center of all the circles); 2,
Echeveria macrophylla ; 3, Pach5'phytum brac-
teosum ; 4, Sempervivum ciliare ; 5, Sedum

*(The outer circle or border will'always represent the sides.)
The circles, in the center, a specimen of Scdura elesrans pic"
tnm ; around them Alternauthera magnifica, to Pyrethrumi
Alternauthera versicolor, and Sedum acre.

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

99

glaucum ; 6, S. acre elegans ; 7, S. speetabile Alternanthera ama'iia, also bordered by Pyre-
roseuni ; 8, Leucophyton Browuii ; 9, Pyretli- , thrum ; and 6, Senipervivum montanum.
Tum parthenifolium aureum ; 10, Alternanthera 1 1, are small specimens of Agave Americana
paronychioides ; 11, Leucophyton Bro-\vnii ; 12, | variegata ; 2, Echeveria sanguinea glauca; 3,

Fig. 11.

Achillea umbellata; IS.Hutchinsia alpina : 14,
Mesemln-yanthemum cordifoliura variegatum ;
the doth; that will be noticed on the same border
are single specimens of Echeveria metallica,
and Sempervivum Donckelferi, or anything
similar will do ; 15, Alternanthera amoena ; and
16, Echeveria secunda.

EiG. X. — Supposed to be ten feet in diameter.
1, Yucca filamentosa fol. var. Around the spe-

Hutchinsia Alpina ; 4, Mesembryanthemum
Fig. XI. — Twenty-four feet long by eight wide,
cordifolium variegatum ; 5, Alternanthera versi-
color; f), Leucophyton Brownii; 7 , Pyrethrum ;
j 8, Ajuga reptans rubra; 9, Veronica Candida;
10, Alternanthera paronj^chioides ; Echeveria
pumila.

Fig. XII. — Of ten feet diameter. 1, a speci-
men of Yucca filamentosa; 2, Pyrethrum ; 3,

Fig. 10. ^'''g"- ^-•

cimen to cover the ground, Scduni acre, then Oxalis tropa'oloides ; 4, Alternanthera mag-
a circle of Aloes, and another of Pyrethrum ; 2, nifica; 5, Alternanthera speetabile; 6, Sedum
Alternanthera paronychioides, bordered by | acre ; 7, Lobelia Crystal Palace; 8, Cuphea
Pyrethrum; 3, Leucophyton Brownii; 4, Alter- j platycentra ; 9, Cerastium tomentosum ; and 10,
nanthera versicolor, bordered bv Pvrethruni ; 5, ' Sempervivum Californicum.

100

'////•; (;.i A' /)/■:. \/A'.\ .\io.\ rin.v

{AtriL

NOTES FOR 1877.

\\\ i;i.\ . i:. 1'. rowKM,. ( i.inion. n. v.

Perhaps tlic most iisoful contribution to tlu'
public tliat a horticulturist can make is to give
the results of his year's work, l^i77 has been so
fruitfuj that it ha.s <;iven us an opportunity to
test thorouLrhly and favorably many kinds of
fruits and tlowers.

1. In answer to your (juestion concerning the
apple blight. It has reached as far north as
northern Xew York. It is occasionally the
cause of death to trees, especially those culti-
vated in rich soil much manured. Apples grown
in sod seldom sufter badly. There is, however,
a ditVerence in varieties. The Pound Sour and
Crab apples with me Avere considerably defaced,
and the crops damaged.

2. The theory is again confirmed by the expe-
rience of the year that pear blight is at least
most successfully prevented by culture in sod ;
bj' feeding with salt and ashes and keeping the
trees well mulched, perhaps with sawdust or
ashes is best. Any exposure of the soil to sun
and weather has a disastrous eftect.

3. The grape crop has been admirable, ripen-
ing tolerably in spite of too frequent wet days
throughout October. I am inclined to think
more and more highly of the Goethe, if grown on
open trellis, in a warm exposure. Of the lona,
well ripened, I would I'aise my figures constantly.
Both are withal excellent-keeping grapes. I
have lonas, now the 10th of December, in as
good condition as my Isabellas. The Diana
keeps best of all ; but is so very tough and
skinn}' that even those who like its peculiar
flavor cannot enjoy it. But we must have it.
The simplest and best method of preserving
grapes for Winter is after all to spread them
thinly on oil-cloth floors in cool dry rooms ; or
on shelves similarly covered.

4. Among small fruits I have given up the en-
deavor to raise cultivated blackberries without
cultivation. No matter what may be said by a
few who liave raised an occasional crop in grass,
W'B must take the Kittatiuny in hand and rale it.
Mine are wired to stakes and well sheai'cd in.
The easiest method is to clip the arms with an
ordinai'y sickle. \

5. In managing extensive hedges I have found
this same instrument of great service. For
Buckthorn I generally use shears ; but for
Arbor Yitje I have rarely use for anything except
a moderately sharp sickle. Give generally an
upward stroke, and Avalk backward. You can

tiiiii ill one iiuui- ill tills way as much as you
could with shears in half a <lay. and do it (juite
as well. Ol' course this will not apply to hedges
n<»t already well formed. IJy the way, tnost
evergreen hedges tiial we see are seriously in-
jured by making the sides too erect, and flatten-
ing the tops. It is impossible to keep for a long
time a handsome hedge of Arbor Vitie or Hem-
lock without the base is nearly double the thick-
ness or depth of (he top, and the top cut in an
ai'ched form like nature.

f). It is exceedingly necessary to eliminate
only tolerable small fruits from the catalogues
as well as from our gardens. For instance, the
Turner Raspberry, a worthless humbug, to one
who can have the Philadelphia. You can sa}'
no better of most of the new strawberries. The
older nurserymen can do us good service l)y
classifying established fruits. The Monthly
has done much good by its conservation concern-
ing novelties.

7. In landscape gardening plant for all seasons.
There are some things which make no note of
themselves until late Autumn. Others like the
purple berberry, and some of the dogwoods, are-
valueless except in very early Spring.

PRESERVATION OF THE LEADTNC
SHOOTS OF EVERGREENS.

BY SAMUEL PARSOXS, FLUSHING, K. Y.

One of the false impressions that have long
prevailed with much force and endurance, is the
alleged necessity of preserving the top shoots of
evergreens. Birds are looked upon with appre-
hension and disgust as they press destructive feet
on this valuable gi'owth. Stakes are even used
to support such important elements of health
and symmetry ; and the purchaser who seeks
choice specimens, carefully avoids all evergreens
that have lost their leaders, almost superstitioush'
regarding it as impossible that the lost, in this
case, can ever return.

AVhat are the real facts of the case as indicated
by intelligent experience ? Simply that the de-
struction of the leading shoot is often an actual
benefit to the tree when its aspiring habits become
too strong, and that, so far from birds fatalh'
injuring the symmetry of trees by breaking the
topmost shoots, cases happen, frequcntl}', where
the preservation of symmetry has been largel)'
due to the action of their little feet.

As long as the leader grows in due proportion
to the rest of the tree, its presence is most neces-
sary : but. unfortunately, this upward tendency.

1878.]

AAA) HOR TICUL TURIS T.

101

when excessive, seems to draw a way the sap
from properly doing its work in the tree's lower
portions, or, in other words, destroys the equilib-
rium. Diminished growths then appear at the
base, exhibiting irregular, open spaces la the
foliage which in that part should be most dense.
The growth, forced aloft, becomes concentrated
farther and farther up the tree, until all S3mme-
try is destroyed, and we behold a monstrosity,
"where we had gloiued only a few j^ears before in
perfect proportion and grace. Silver Firs are
especially liable to this tendency, and conse-
quently are apt to possess their highest beauty
at a comparatively early age.

An efficient remedy may be applied to all ever-
greens by pruning such shoots during youth,
until a satisfactory base is acquired, when a very
•occasional removal of the otfending member,
will readily prevent deformity. The fear which
sometimes exists that the amputated leader will
never return, is perfectly groundless ; although,
when the operation is performed on a plant of
considerable age, reappearance maj' be delayed
for several years. This delay will however, be
found rather a benefit than otherwise, as in the
meantime, the proper furnishing of the tree will
be established before any strength of the sap is
drawn off to assist the upward groAvth of the
leader.

The lesson taught, of coiu-se, is that the equi-
librium of the various parts of the tree should be
always maintained by pruning any shoots that
evince rampant tendencies. Systematic manage-
ment will thus preclude the necessit}' of all severe
pi'uning in the sense of amputation.

The simple processes hereby pointed out are
doubtless familiar to most experts ; but it has
heen our wish to secure from all who possess
evergreens, a greater attention to such operations.
It is simple pruning with thumb and finger, or
knife, and not shearing into formal shapes. Only
experience can afford an adequate conception of
the quality of growth thus retained.

ROSES BLOOMING TO THE GROUND.

MKS. C. S. JOKES, MONROE, MO.

The rose is such a universal favorite, that one
need scarcely apologize for making any sugges-
tions that might appear likely to aid those who
(like myself) must have them blooming both
winter and summer. So much satisfaction have
I had in growing certain varieties pegged to the
ground, and so seldom have I seen this plan fol-
lowed, that I begin to think its beauty and vahie

are not universally known ; hence the idea of
inviting the attention of your readers to this
special mode of propagation.

The management is extremely simple : a deep,
rich loam in an open situation, but not exposed
to rough, high winds, and to select such varieties
as are known to do well as ordinary standards,
and are on their own roots. I find the following
very satisfactory : Madam Margotten, Madam
Bosanquet, Lamarque, La Pactole, Hermosa,
Devoniensis, Duchess de Brabant, Arch Duchesse
Isabella, Beauty of Greenmount, Agrippina,
Gen. Jacqueminot, Jean Goujon, La Reine,
John Hopper, and Washington ; all of which I
received with a hundred more from the nurseries
of the " Dingee & Conard Rose Co.," who, it is
well known, send out specially fine plants; not
one of mine at least, ever wilted.

Do not attempt to grow worked roses in this
way, for the suckers from the old parent will
choke them. A bed for this purpose may be
started in March or October ; but whether in
Spring or Autumn, pack the surface of the bed
immediately after planting, and each spring
after pruning and clearing, tramp the soil down
firmly. This holds good I find with all rose
beds.

If you use small plants, do not prune the first
year, but peg down all new shoots; for this pur-
pose I use strong hair-pins. If, however, they
are vigorous, cut down six or eight inches from
each shoot ; what we want here is a vigorous
growth, so as to have abundance of flowering
shoots the next year. Keep w^ atered the first sea-
son and cut off the ends of all flowering branches,
and the hips as soon as done flowering, and then
soak the bed with manure water, repeating this
every third day for a month, which will soon
start the plants into a new growth.

These plants will become well established in a
year, and will grow on vigorously all the season,
sending up strong young shoots about three feet
in height, which, with the ever-blooming class,
will be a mass of flowers each month. Peg
down the young shoots over vacant spots of
rrround, and if too many are made, cut away the
weakest of them, and keep those pegged down
about eight inches apart.

As a greater quantity of blooms are obtained
from young than from old wood, it will be seen
that each year the wood of the preceding season
is to be cut out. Before covering for the winter
remove the pegs, so as to allow it to rise up a
little from the ground and cut away the old

102

THE CARDF.XFR'S MOXTIU. Y

[.///■//.

wood, then covor with sods and a layer of
manure. Early in March out bark all the shoots.
TIu' strong ones to two feot, the weakest to a
foot or sixteen inehes, fork in the nianiu'e eover-
ing and tranij) down well; we are then ready for
the season, and riirht royally will the (}ueen of
tlowers show forth her heauty.

An English work names the following roses
for this purpose : William Grithths, William
Jessee, Chas. Lafebvre. Annie Alexietl", Senateur
Vaisse, Alfred Coleoml), Baroiuie Prevost, (ren.
Wa-shington. (Jen. Jaequcnunot, Jean Goujon,
\a'a Reine and .John Ilojiper. I believe that some
prefer roses on Alanetti stock for pegging down,
but I like them on their own roots. Hazel-rods
cut into lengths of three and four inches make
excellent forks for pegging.

A rose mount is beautiful covered in this way,
and where this is large various comliinations of
scarlet Geraniums and Deli)hiniums (the latter
pegged down), Cloth of Gold and Blue King
Lobelia will form a lovely edge to circles of
bloom ; but to begin to enumerate the charming
etfects of combination in this regard is to occupy
so many columns of the Gardener's MONTHLY
that I should be voted a bore.

I had intended when I commenced to speak of
a Rose Temple, Rose Wilderness, and several
other pretty rose arrangements, to which I am
partial, but the pegged-down bed has led me
astray.

There is a point, however, and upon which I
would like to say a word. There are many
ladies who do not possess the advantage of a
heated conservatory, but depend upon bay win-
dows or small plant-rooms, for their winter
treasures ; the temperature of these frequently
grow so low during the night that their plants
are found entirely frozen. Now if these persons
were to use one of the small kerosene stoves
during intensely cold weather, merely lightuig it
at bed-time, they would find it to answer every
purpose, and they are both economical and con-
venient. During one of our most severe winters
I kept a large bay window (stocked with delicate
ferns, &c.) quite safe by merely filling a huge
wash-kettle with boiling water and placing it
beneath the window box, wiiich was perforated
with auger-holes in the bottom. This window^
was on the north side of the house, with a west-
ern, northern and eastern exposure, and with
only single sash. Again, I kept large plant-
stands last winter by merely placing iron kettles
of hot ashes beneath them. One frequently has

more plants than the conservatory will contain
or enjoys them in the windows ; in such cases,
the means just described ])rove valuable. The
plants kept warm with hot ashes, were nevei-
troubled with vermin.

JiDUORIAL NOTES.

Winter Carpet Bedding.— The Belgian
Horticultural Review tells us that by a judicious
selection of low hardy evergreens, carjjct beds
are had at V"alll)on in the Winter time. It
gives the following list of the plants employed:

Euonymus pungens, Santolina chamiccyparis,.
Thymus citriodorus aureus, Sempervivum tecto-
rum, Aubrietia deltoidea variegata, Ajuga rep-
tans folius pur., Saxifi'aga denticulata, Semper-
vivum Californicum, Sempervivum sol)oliferum,
Sempervivum Funki, Sempervivum Montanum,
Sempervivum triste, Antennaria tomentosa,
Bellis perennis aucubsefolia rubra, Pyrethrum
aureum, Aubi'ietia deltoidea. Another bed is
made of evergreen herbaceous plants as follows:
Cerastium Biebersteini, Sempervivum tectorum,
Sempervivum .soboliferum. Sempervivum Cali-
fornicum, Lamium aureum maculatum, Ajuga
reptans fol. purp., Arenaria cwspitosa, Bellis
perennis aucubjefojia, Sedura dasyphyllum, Au-
brietia deltoidea.

Winter Heliotrope. — This is the common
name of the Coltsfoot, which it appears is now
grown for winter flowers in England.

Red Beet for Decorative Purposes. — In
some situations and arrangements it has been
used with good effect as a bedding plant, and it
is not less effective when used for the purpose I
am about to mention. As a receptacle for bulbs,^
such as Hyacinths, &c., it is what we might
term a living basket, which forms a very curious
and interesting object to hang in the conserva-
tory or plant house during the Spring months.
This being the usual time at which preparations
are being made for the bulb season, the hint
may induce some to try the experiment ; not
that I mean to say it is anything novel, but if
successful it cannot fail to please. Select a few
well-matured moderate-sized Beet-roots, being
careful not to injure the crowns ; cut a few
inches from the bottom end, leaving say, a little
more than one-half; then hollow this bottom
end out, leaving just room enough for a little
compost or silver sand, and one bulb of a Hya-
cinth ; but do not scoop out more than is need-

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

103

fill, that as much nourishment as possible may
be left for the crown. To prevent the bulb fall-
ing out, place a little green moss close around
it, and fasten the whole with some small wire,
A handle to this Beet-basket, by which to sus-
pend it, can easily be formed by twining a piece
of galvanized wire, fastening the ends in the
opposite sides of the Beet. This will also an-
swer as a support for the flower-spike. It will
require to be kept constantly moist to induce
the Beet-root to send leaves freely from the
crown, which faces downwards. The result of
this is that the foliage twines gracefully round
the sides in an upright direction, shrouding
everything from view, the dark leaves being in-
termixed ■with the inflorescence of the Hyacinth,
which by that time will be in its perfection.

The effect is exceedingly pretty. — C /. White,

The Gardens, Ferniehurst.

••••

NEW OR RARE PLANTS.

Varieties of Primula. — The Japan Prim-
rose, Primula japonica, introduced some years
ago by Mr. Wm. Bull tlu-ough Mr. Fortune, has
hitherto resisted all attempts to break it up into
varieties. Now a rosy crimson is figured in the
Belgian Horticultural Review. Two pretty
varieties, one a mottled, of Primula cortusoides,
are also figured.

Venus Looking Glass. — This, Campanula
speculum of old authors, has been produced in
Europe with double flowers. It is said they
come true from seed.

Green House and House Gardening.

COMMUNICA TIONS.

ORCHIDS, WITH OTHER PLANTS.
ONCIDIUMS.

BY C. II. S., BALTIMORE, 3ID.

Among Orchids, Oncidiums are probably one
of the best for an amateur to try his hand
on. Though, as a whole, they have not the
beauty or fragrance of many other species, their
easy culture, free blooming, and comparative
cheapness recommend them strongly to begin-
ners. Yellow, striped, or speckled with light
brown or chocolate, are the predominant colors,
though there are some noted variations, which I
will notice later. Owing to the length of the
flower spikes, most Oncids show to better
advantage grown in hanging baskets, which
should be made of red cedar (Juniperus Virgini-
anus) or the locust (Robinia pseud-acacia). If
well made, using strong copper wire, they will
last many years. They also give a more natural
appearance to the plants, the roots of which will
soon attach themselves to the wood. The bas-
kets should be half filled with broken crocks and
charcoal, using fresh green moss next to the
plants. All Orchids should be set on top of the
moss, just inserting the plants deep enough to
keep them steady until the roots have penetrated
the moss. By having the plants above the

moss, it will be easy to see the young growth,
which should never be kept very wet, as they
are apt to rot off in their early stage of growth.

Oncids differ in their growth more than any
other species of Orchid that I have seen. Some
varieties have short corrugated bulbs. Some
others have long smooth bulbs, and other varie-
ties, such as luridum and Lanceanum, have no
bulbs, but thick, succulent leaves. Then, again,
there is a little group with long terete leaves,
and no bulbs, of which O. junceum is a
noted example. In the shape of the flowers
there is great similarity, except 0. Papilio (the
Butterfly Orchid), which many botanists con-
sider a different species, and not a true Oncid.
I will now give a short description of some that
I have bloomed, commencing with the bulbless
group, having thick, fleshy leaves. I will here
reniurk, that all Orchids with thick fleshy
leaves are apt to spot if kept too moist and
cold from November to February.

Oncidittm Cavendishii. Guatemala, South
Mexico •, bright thick leaves ; blooms in Winter;
flower stems from 2 to 4 feet long ; flower about
U inch diameter; sepals and petals yellow,
barred Ijrown lip, liright yellow.

0. bicallosum Growth like O. Cavendishii ;
flower stem about 15 inches, stiff" and upright;
sepals and petals brown, lip yellow; blooms in
Winter : Guatemala.

104

/•///•; (;.IA'/)/:.\/:A'.S MO.\ /III.)

[./>•//,

(). sfrar/iincinn. Like (). liirallosiiin in every
way except tlu- blooms are nearly all yellow ;
Mexico

(>. intermedium. Cuha; hloonis in Winter;
leaves loiiLrer and (larktr ilian O. Cavondisliii ;
very beaut it'nl and ixracelul ; Mower steins from
2 to 5 I'eet loniT, blooming on short lateral
brandies the whole length; ecdor rieh ehoeolate
and yellow, si)otted on lip and sepals. In some
the yellow predominates, in others the choco-
lates. Flowers 1 J inches in diameter. I had over
4U0 blooms open at one tim(> on one plant, and
think J wil' have full as many this winter. This
plant is scarce in collections, but it should not
be, as it is very easily procm'ed near Havana.

O. luridum and O. luridum guttatum abounds
in all the Caribbean islands, and varies consider-
aljly in the marking of the Howcrs. JJlooms in
.Summer, and requires more heat than the above
mentioned varieties. Flowers brown, orange
and yellow, with a pink callosity at the base of
the column ; flower stems often 10 feet long.

O. Carthaginense. Appears to be merely a
variety of the O. luridum, with olive colored
flowers spotted with brown and orange.

0. Lanceamim. When well grown probably
the handsomest of the Oncids. From Guiana,
and recpdres a temperature of not less than 70°
at any time to grow it finely. Blooms nearly
2 inches in diameter, and closely set on an up-
right stem from 1 to 2 feet high. Sepals and
petals yellow spotted crimson ; lip violet ; has a
fine odor. I bloomed a variety with a nearly
white lip. There is no Orchid that has given me
more trouble than this. I have bloomed several
newly imported plants, but after a year or so
they dwindle away. Probably they do not get
heat enough in the Winter, which is the hot
time at (Tuiana, where they make two growths
in a year, and, I believe, bloom twice. There
are several other Oncids with thick leaves and
no bulbs, but I believe they are onl}^ varieties of
the above.

0. juncifohum, O. Cebolleta. lender both these
names I have received from Europe and Trini-
dad the same plant, differing only slightly in the
iiarkmg of the flowers. They have no bulbs, but
round, rush-shaped leaves, about 1 foot or 15
inches long, on upright flower stem, about H
feet long ; small yellow flowers, spotted brown
and black. Requires good heat, and grows well
on a cocoanut husk with moss.

0. Papilio (the Butterfly Orchid). A native
of Panama, and all the sea coast of the Spanish

main, and the island of Trinidad. This has a
small dark green l)ulb, surmounted by a single
leaf, beautifully variegated and spotted with red-
dish Ijruwn on a dark green base. Flower .stems
long and slender. The l)loonis come out singly,
and last al)out ten <lays, when another makes its
appearance in a week or so, until fom* or
live have bjonnied. The same stem will l)loom
for three or four years, each year from a lower
point. Blooms in early Summer, and recjuircs
cf)nsiderable heat. Blooms rich l)rown, barred
and spotted with bright yellow, and are nearly 4
inches in diameter. At a distance would (easily
be taken for a butterfly. Does well on a piece
of cork or cocoaiuil husk. Tliere are several
varieties of this. •

0. sp/incelaft/m, O. Baueri, O. altissimum, and
several others from Central America, have
light green ril)bed bull)s, with long pendant
flower stems ; flowers profusely. Flowers bright
yellow, barred brown in sepals and petals, lip
pure yellow, and bloom mostly in early Sum-
mer.

O. leucochilum. Mexico and Guatemala. A
beautiful Winter bloomer. In growth like O.
sphacelatum, etc. Flower stem often (> feet
long, blooming the whole length on short later-
als. Flowers about 1 inch in diameter, sepals
and petals greeni>*li white, with small red dots ;
lip pure white ; slightly scented. Keeps in
))lo()m five or six w(>eks, and resembles Odonto-
glossum lieve.

0. ampliatum. Panama and Costa Kica, has
large yellow flowers on a branching stem about
2^ feet long. The back of the flowers has a
whitish hue.

O. ormihorhijndtum . A dainty little variety
from Mexico. Small bulbs and leaves, and
blooms in the Wmter. The flowers are small,
rosy iilac. with a yellow spot in the center.
They are delightfull}' fragrant. Does best in a
cool house.

O. Barkeri. Mexico. This often is sold as O.
tigrinum, but I think erroneously. I see in the
Messrs. Yeitch's catalogues that they claim
them to be different, though coming from the
same locality. O. Barkeri, true, has a ribbed
bulb, and is somewhat stronger in growth than
the O. tigrinum. It blooms in the Wmter.
Mine will be in bloom in February or March.
It is a remarkably handsome Orchid. The
petals and sepals are rather small, yellow barred
brown. li[) H inelies in diameter, bright yellow.
This also does in a cool house.

1878.]

A ND HOR TIC OX TURIS T.

105

0. tigrinum. I received this from Mexico.
It has smooth bulbs, but ^ looks much like
Barkeri. Mine bloomed in the Fall. Sepals
and petals light orange yellow ; lip quite light
3'ellow.

0. crispum. From Rio de Janeiro. Has short
dark bulbs, and dark green foliage. Flower
stems two to three feet long. The flowers are ;
from 2 to 2^ inches diameter; coppery red color,
witli bright yellow markings on the center of
the lip. There are several varieties of this
beautiful Oncid. Blooms with me in the fall.

O. divaricatum. I have received from Rio de
Janeiro several very diflierent plants under this
name. I have one in bloom now, with long
flexible flower stems about two feet long.
Flowers over an inch long ; yellow and brown.
I have several other plants identical nearly in
growth and flowers, but they always bloom in
the Summer.

O. jiexuosum. A very common Orchid from
Brazil. Bulbs smooth and green, about "It. inches
long. It is a very free bloomer, covering
itself with sprays of small delicate yellow flowers
in the Spring.

O. phymatochilum. Brazil. A rare Orchid,
with round dark bulbs, and one stiff" reddish
green leaf. Blooms in the Spring, and has
flowers on a long slender stem. Yellow and
reddish brown in the sepals and petals ; lip
white. If kfpt in a dry place, will remain in
bloom six weeks.

0. roseum^ or O. He.nchmanni. A remarkably
beautiful an'^1 distinct variety from Honduras
and the warm parts of Central American coast.
It is in growth like a small O. luridum. The
flowers are rosy white, spotted dark rose and
crimson, and are borne on long flexuose stems.
Blooms in Summer. There are several varieties.

0. aurosum. Peru. Blooms in the Spring.
Has a growth like O. sphacelatum. The flower
spike is long and branching ; flowers very pro-
fusely ; rich yellow, blotched with cinnamon
brown on the sepals and petals. Cool culture.

0. sarcodes. One of the handsomest Oncids
grown, when true. I have sent to Belgium and
Brazil for this, but have never been able to get
it true. I have O. araictum, with dark green
bulbs about 5 inches long, and beautiful large
yellow and brown flowers. It is a near r^'lation
to O. sarcodes. There are several Oncids from
Brazil, of inferior bloom, that resemble sarcodes
in growth. Mr. Buchanan told me that he
sometimes thought that O. sarcodes was either

remarkably scarce, or there was no such plant.
He had made importations very often from
Brazil direct, but had never yet got the true
plant.

These are only a few of the many varieties of
Oncids. Lately some elegant additions have been
made: 0. macranthum, O. Rogersii, O. splen-
didum, O. phahenopsis, and O. seriatum. These
are yet comparatively scarce and costly, and I
have not seen them in bloom.

CULTIVATION OF THE VERBENA.

BY JAMES H. MARKEY,JERSEY CITY HEIGHTS,X. T.

I much doubt if there Ls another plant in culti.
vation so widely spoken of as the Verbena, yet
there are but few who thoroughly understand the
nature of this plant. Some gardeners attempt to
grow it at a temperature ranging from 40° to 45°,
which is entirely too cold ; others think they can
grow the same plant in the greenhouse where
there are Dracaena, Palms, Crotons, &c., at a
temperature ranging from 70° to 75°, which is
entirely too warm. My experience with the
Verbena for the past fifteen years induces me
to write as follows : I would make the starting
point the first of March, at that date taking cut-
tings from clean, healthy plants; see that they
are in a proper condition. If the stock plants
were growing in a temperature ranging from
55° to 60°, which in my opinion is the
proper temperature to grow the Verbena, cut-
ting of such plants would be just the style
required by cutting them otf at or below the third
i joint. They would root in eight or ten days
sufllciently to be potted off in two and a half inch
pots, and will make fine, healthy plants by the
I first of April. At that date they require to be
transferred into three-inch pots, at the same time
pinching the tops of each plant ; it will cause
them to strike out with greater vigor, and enable
them to become fine, thrifty plants to be set out
m the open ground by the first of May. By the
middle of August they will have spread to a dis-
I tance of three feet ; at that date they are covered
with flowers and seed pods. This profuse flower-
ing and seeding somewhat lessens the vitality
I of the plants and puts them in a weak condition:
and should they be left in this exhausted state
they would very soon receive the disease which
I so aflects this plant, known as black rust ; and
now there must be something done to prevent
I this disease from putting in an appearance, and
regain the vitality of the plants. I know of no

106

THE GARCENERS MOXTIII. }

lAprir,

hi'tttT inctliod lliaii t(i lut biU'k tlic {'xtremitics
of the shoots sunu' oi<:lit iiu-hes, and loosen
the soil around the plants and in between
(luh layer, by means of a pointed stick or
iron. Then adding one gallon of manure
water to eacli i)lant once a week. Should
this licjuid be ijiconvenient. guano Avould
answer the same purpose by adding one
jiound and a half to twenty gallons of water.
This niixturr will be sutricicntly strong for a sin-
gle watering each week, and continue this opera-
tion until the jilants produce a clean and healthy
growth, which by the middle of October will give
just the style of cutting that is required. Now
the propogation begins. I may here state that
great importance is attached to the necessity of
taking otVthe cuttings imwiediately after rain, as
the moist weather refreshes the young growth
and puts them in a proper condition to be taken
oflf at, or below, the third joint. Cuttings should
be potted immediately on being rooted, not
allowing the roots to become larger than a half
inch. On potting the cuttings they are placed in
the greenhouse and shaded for three or four days,
or as long as the condition of the weather may
require. As soon as they have struck root in
the soil of the pots, they should be sprinkled
with sulphur water by adding one pound to ten
gallons of water ; one watering each week will
l)e sufficient to keep them clean and healthy ;
fumigate with tobacco two or three times each
week, and there is no doubt whate^'er of having a
healthy and vigorous stock; provided proper
attention has been given to temperature, water-
ing and fumigation by tobacco.

CINERARIAS.

BY F., BOSTON, MASS.

At ]). 234 of the August 1877 Monthly, I re-
ferred to the excellence of the Cinerarias grown
by my neighbor, Mr. Paterson, of Oakley, "Water-
town, and now (Feb. 11) I send you a few blos-
, somsfrom the Oakley greenhouses. Then* chief
merits consist in the size, beauty and purity of
coloring of the blossoms, and the massive propor-
tions of the plants, points gained and main-
tained b}' a careful selection of home-saved
seed and good cultivation. Xo attempt is made
at the florist's nicety of perfection in blos-
som, Mr. P.'s end being to have fine spec-
imens for conservatory decoration and for
furnishing cut flowers to have each plant bear a
great wealth of large and brilliant blossoms, and

this purpose he certainly has attained. Mr. P.
neither exhibits nor sells plants or seeds, there-
fore those who wish to see them should see them
at Oakley, where Calceolarias, Cyclamens, I'rim-
roses,Azale;us and other flowering and greenhouse
and stove plants are cultivated with equal suc-
cess, and a more civil, cordial, and generous-
minded person than Mr. P. you will seldom
meet.

Amonii the l^lossoms sent I have numbered a,
few, so that you may specially notice them. No.
1 is 2i in. across ; No. 2, 21 in. and almost semi-
double ; No. 3, 2| in. ; No. 4, 2i in., and of a
glowing, purplish violet ; and No. 5 over 2i in.
and goodly florist's flowers.

Mr. Paterson saves his seed from the finest
flowered plants and sows it about the end of
June, in pans of tine, light soil in a cold frame —
one of the spent Spring bed*;. As soon as the
seedlings are fit to handle he pricks them oft'inta
other pans, and when they grow a little, pots
them singly, and afterwards re-pots them two or
three times just as they demand it. He makes
it a point never to allow his Cinerarias to become
pot-bound before they are shifted, or shoAv flower-
buds before they receive their final potting,
which is usually in late October or November,
and sometimes a few in mid-winter, when they
will be in from sdven to ten inch pots. From
the time they are sown up till November, or as
late as frost can well be excluded from frames by
means of a straw mat over the sashes, tin; Cin-
erarias are grown in cold frames. Just before
hard frosts are likely to occur, however, they
are transposed from the frames to the graperies,
where, on elevated table-like benches, they are
I wintered with a niininuim temperature of 38°.

While in the frames they are roomily arranged,
kept near the glass, abundantly watered at the
' root and overhead, and kept as cool as practica-
ble by a little whitewash shading on the sashes,
and liberal ventilation. In the graperies they
are treated to generous lil)ations and almost daily
sprinklings, and when it is evident that the pots
: are filled with roots and the flower-buds are being
' formed, a little liquid manure is given, until the
flowers open, when its application is discontinued.
The first appearance of flower buds, too, is pinched
out, in order to secure a wider and more compact
' head.

I The most forward of the Cinerarias are placed
in a division of the grapery where the minimum
temperature is 40° to 44°, and are consequently
rushed earlier into blossom than those wintered

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

107

in cooler quarters. In this way a succession of
well-flowered plants is maintained from the end
of January until up into April. A high tempera^-
ture curls and weakens the foliage and therefore
is avoided, and green-fly, so persistent an enemy
to these plants, is, by frequent doses of cold
tobacco-smoke, denied an existence.

Grown as above, these plants in eight and nine
inch pots are now (Feb. 11) perfect massive
specimens from two feet to three and one-fourth
feet tlu'ough, with large, succulent, deep green
leaves and wide-spread but dense heads of flower
buds. The more advanced are in blossom and
arranged in the conservatory, and another large
succession will yet be obtained from the warmest
grapery ; those in the latest grapery are not much
more than showing flower buds.

[The flowers were very fine and created much
attention at the rooms of the Germantown Hor-
ticultural Society, Avhere they were exhibited. —
Ed. G. M.I

EDITORIAL NOTES.

Vines for a Bay Window. — Mr. W. T. Bell
in the Venango Spectator gives the following as
his choice :

Abutilon vexillarium and A. vexillarium
pictum : shruljby plants, to be ti'ained as climb-
ers, flowering freely, and the latter having leaves
variegated with yellow.

Ampelopsis Veitchii, a woody climber from
.Japan, somewhat similar to om- Virginia
Creeper.

Cobosa scandens, a rapid grower, clinging by
tendrils, and having large bell-shaped flowers.
There is also a variegated-leaved variety of the
same. Ivy — English, and other woody kinds;
also, what is commonly known as German or
Parlor Ivy, a fast-growing herbaceous plant.

Lygodium scandens, a climbing fern, of great
beauty, introduced from Japan.

Myrsiphillitm^ or Smilax, one of the most
beautiful climbers in cultivation. While the
plant is in active growth the soil about its roots
should never be allowed to become very dry.

Senecio macroglossum^ Cape Ivy, one of the
very best rapid-growing climbers, similar in
habit to the German Ivy, but with thick, glossy
leaves, and much superior to it.

Drooping or creeping plants :

Fuchsia procumbens^ a new and distinct species,
a real trailer.

Geraniums, Ivy-leaved.

Lobelia., flowers bright blue.

Lycopodiums, moss-like plants, in great vari-
ety ; suitable for carpeting.

Lysimachia, or Moneywort, flowers yellow.

Othonna crassifotia, a pretty little plant, with
cylindrical, fleshy leaves and yellow flowers.

Polygonum scandens.

Saxifraga sarmentosa, a common plant, in-
creasing by sarments, or runners, like the straw-
berry.

Tradescantia, or Wandering Jew ; several
varieties.

Ft'wctt, or Periwinkle ; vines grow several feet
in length, some of the varieties having variega-
ted leaves.

Other suitable plants :

Abutilon, Boule de Neige, with white bell-
shaped flowers ; and P. Thompsonii, leaves va-
riegated with yellow.

Achyranthus, plants with red foliage.

Agave, or Century Plant.

Azaleas, shrubby plants, flowering in early
Spring.

Calla Ethioptca.

Camellias — Carnations — Centaureas, plants
with downy, white foliage.

Echeverias — Farfugium — leaves spotted with
yellow.

Ferns in variety — Fuchsias, Geranivms, — Hya-
cinths— Jessamines — Myrtle — Oleanders, Palms,
of certain kinds, Pelargoniums — Chinese Prim-
rose— Roses — Solanums, &c.

CoAD Oil Lamps for Small Window Cab-
inets.— The Journal of Horticulture says :

" An amateur, writing to us on paraflin lamps
for excluding frost, states that he has employed
one for three years in his small greenhouse with
great satisfaction and he would not hesitate if
required to place a smaller lamp in a frame.
He describes the reservoir of the lamp, which is
of block tin, as resembling an inverted soup
plate. This fox-ms the base and supports a
moveable cylinder a little more than a foot high
and six inches in diameter, with an aperture at
the bottom for the burner to pass through, and
an ornamental lid at the top with apertures for
the escape of heat. After the heat has been
turned ' full on ' for a quarter of an hour the
cylinder becomes quite hot, and is afterwards
kept sufticiently so by a very small flame. If
he ' fires hard in severe weather ' he places a
shalb-w tin dish of water on the top in place of
the lid. No injurv whatever has resulted from

108

•////•; <';./A'/v-..\/;a".v mo.\ rni.\

l.l^nV,

the lump. l)ut on t!.u> i-ontrarv he has "two (ho opi'ii horder in our climate, and ciin hi- (ak»'u
himdrt'd (nTaniums which have hecn preserved upm Septcml)cr and potted for Winter work. Of
thronirh the pre.<*ent Winter at the cost of one late year.s there liave heen many new species
gallon of oil." '" ' introduced, of which one of the prettiest, C.

I.E.\F Plants loi; Uoom Dkc <)i:.\ti()n.— i ^«i™«'i»»l^vana, introduced by Mr. Bull, of
Amoni: (he pla'ils which can l.e used with hean- ^''"■l'"':»- '•'•'c .2:'V<' with this. There is an ad-

CYCAS XOKMANHYAXA.

tiful etfect in room decoration are those known vantage in these not possessed by some other
as Sago Palms, of which the most common form plants. The older they are the more valuable.
is, perhaps. C. revoluta. and w^hicli indeed is now ■ We have seen old Sago Palms sell for a^iOO at
tolerably well known. They grow very well in I public sale.

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

109

Tuberous Begonias as Bedders. — A cor-
respondent in the February London Journal of
Horiiculture says :

" The great merits of these plants are as bed-
bers. In my estimation they are more beautiful
than Zonal Pelargoniums and more enduring.
Pelargoniums when at their best have every
particle of beauty washed away by a few days
of wet weather. iTot so Begonias ; they revel
in moisture like all sub-alpines — percolating
moisture secured by thorough drainage. Those,
therefore, intending their culture (and it will be-
come general) will do well to provide thorough
drainage and a sheltered situation, as the plants
being succulent cannot stand twisting currents
of air and cold positions. They prefer a vegeta-
ble soil, and do well in the wide interstices of
rock-work holding a goodly amount of compost,
in which they may remain permanently, having
a mulch over them in "Winter of cocoa-nut fibre
refuse 3 or 4 inches thick.

For Summer bedding pot the corms in March,
plunging the pots in ashes in a cold frame, keep-
ing close and protecting from frost until growth
takes place, then admit air moderately, sprink-
ling overhead in the afternoon of bright days,
closing earlj-. By the middle of June they will
be in good growth, and being hardened off"
should then be planted out. In cold localities I
advise their being planted in borders along the
sides of plant houses with a south exposure, in
which with a covering of cocoa-nut fibre refuse
three inches thick they will no doubt prove
hardy. In wet and cold soils the roots may be
lifted after the first frost, and be laid in a shed
for a few days to dry, and having most of the
soil removed be stored away like Dahlia tubers
in sand in a cool place safe from frost, where
they may remain until potting time in Spring.
But an amateur tells me all this ' potting and
bother ' is quite unnecessary, as the Begonias

only require the treatment he gives his Dahlias
— viz., planthig the roots in April three inches
deep, inverting a flower pot over them until
the growth cracks the soil, then removing
the flower pots every fine day and night,
covering the plants only when there are
signs of frost, and ' you know I have the best
display of flowers of those plants until frost of
anybody hereabouts.' "

NEW OR RARE PLANTS.

New Regal Pelargonium, Mrs. John Saul.
— Mr. John Saul has issued a plate of this variety,
which originated in his own establishment. The
writer of this had the opportunity of seeing the
best of the new ones, in the leading establish-
ments of England, last year — some of which are
not sent out yet — and he can say that Mr. .John
Saul's is equal to the best of any of these
prospective new ones.

SCRAPS AND QUERIES.

Growing Epiphyllum truncatum. — E. B.
C, Winona, Ohio, says : '•' Will the editor of the
Monthly please give the method of growing
Epiphyllum truncatum and vars, so as to induce
them to bloom. I have plants one year from
cutting, on their own roots, which, as yet show
no indications of flowering, although they have
made good growth. What season of the year is
best to propagate so as to induce them to flower
about New Year's, and what method of treat-
ment would bring about this ? Perhaps some of
the correspondents of the Monthly, for instance,
J. Taplin, could write an article, giving detail
wanted. I understand James Taplin has been
very successful with these plants, is Avhy I
instance him.

Fruit and Vegetable Gardening.

COMMUNICA TIONS.

NOTES ON RASPBERRIES.

BY J. A. D., ST. JOSEPH, MICH.

In the February number of 1877 is a statement
from the Country Gentleman^ that the Wilson's
Early Blackberry is not hardy much farther

north than Philadelphia ; and your statement
that j'^ou supposed it as hardy as the Lawton.
The Wilson's Early Blackberry is about as hardy
here as the Lawton ; but both are killed about
every other winter. The Lawton may be a little
hardier, but generally, when standing side by
side, the canes of the Lawton have been killed
whenever the Wilson Early has been destroyed.

11(1

77/ A" (;,ia'/>/:\/:ns .\n).\TJiL\

{April,

I notii'o also an inquiry tr<Hn a sulis(iil)i'r Iktc,
about the IliLjhland Hardy Raspbt'iry, askinc:
whcthor it is an old berry with a new name. A
gentleman near here, who cultivates the High-
land Hardy and Kirtland. declares that there is
no dilV'n'enee be(we(Mi them. Ashe i)rocured his
plants of HiLrhland Hardy from Hov. K. P. Hoe,
on the Hudson, I presume they are trenuino. I
have not seen this <j;entlemairs plantation, l)ut
saw the Hi<:ihla"d Hardy in fruit last summer,
and compared it with the Kirtland, and think
there is a dirterenee. The large berries of the
Highland Tlardy are somewhatconical, while the
Ivirtland is always round. It has been claimed,
too. that the Highland Hardy is identical with
the Elm City. I have never seen the Elm C'ity,
but as "William Pariy, of Cinnaminson, X. J.,
has cultivated all three without discovering their
identity, I am inclined to think they are distinct.
One fi'uit grower here has ploughed up his High-
land Hardy plantation after three years' expe-
rience with them. He said that he could not
make them produce vigorous canes. I presume
the foliage failed during summer. There »is one
thing remarkable in connection with this berr}-,
and that is that the party who could furnish evi-
dence of its producing a thousand dollars per
acre, had plants for sale at S4 per thousand, a
lower price than any berry plants — old or new —
are ottered.

AILANTHUS AND ROSE BUGS.

in Mi;--. K. I'.. II.. w I i.MiNc; r(»N, l>kl.

Hev. W. H. W., of Heading, Mass., comi)lains
that the crop of grapes, " in some cases at least,
are sadly diminished by the unprecedented num-
ber of ro«e-l)ugs.'" Now that gives me an
()])portunity once more to speak a word for the
.Vilanthus. Some years ago in jjassing under an
A i Ian thus, I observed a great munber of rose-
l)ug.>i under it. Some apparently dead, others
helpless and not able to fl)% while many were
trying to creep up the body of the tree and sur-
rounding shrubbery. I mentioned it to my
husbiuul (who was an invalid), and he said he
had observed it before, that he thought the
(lowers of the tree had attracted and then sickened
them; and that as a proof that instinct does not
always guard from mistakes, he had observed
that the young robins would alight on the Alder
J}uckthorn (Frangula Caroliniana) and eat the
berries until they were very sick. By-the-by.
that same Frangula was a verj'^ handsome tree,
twelve or fifteen feet high, with beautiful glossy
foliage, and berries first turning red and then a
shining black. It was thought worthy of being
photographed. But again, the Ailanthus— has any-
one observed a diminition of rose-bugs in its
neig])borhood ? We had very few in after years.
Perhaps they come periodically.

LIME FOR APPLE ORCHARDS

BY MR. J. BLACKAVELL, TITUSVILLE, X. .J.

We have used lime on our apple orchai'ds for
a number of years, and consider it beneficial in
moderate quantities, say twenty bushels to the
acre. We have an oki orchard that has borne
heav}' crops for several years, that we have
limed vvth good results.

THE CHENANGO STRAWBERRY APPLE.

BY MK. .T. BLACKAVELL, TITUSVILLP:. X. T.

I have fruited this apple on two trees, one a
seedling tree grafted at the crown with the
Chenengo, the other top grafted on a young tree.
Both have borne three or four years. Fruit of
good size. Tree an early and profuse bearer.
Fruit rots before ripening, and must be gathered
before it colors, as it specks before it ripens.
Xot worth cultivating where there are so many
better apples.

PEAR CULTURE.

BY A. C. l-OWLEI!, PAXIIANDLE, W. VA.

I will now fulfill my promise. My pear trees
are looking finely, have lost but tlu"ee out of
about two thousand by blight, while trees gener-
ally in this section sufiered greatly. I think I
have hit upon a preventative for blight. It is this:
In June I wash my trees with a wash made
of one pmt of soft soap to one gallon of water, or
take good strong lye and wash the trunks of the
trees and larger branches. Applying this to the
trees keeps them in good healthy condition. My
trees are six 3^ears old, and have been mulched
for two years and cut back, but no cultivation.
I have been using this wash for three years, and
have lost but very few trees Avhile before using.
I lost near two hundred in one season.

[Accumulating facts tend to show that the
spores of the Fire Blight fungus develop from
the outside, and give increasing weight to the
judgment of those who believe that washes
will destroy these spores. — Er>. G. M.]

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

Ill

CRACKING OF THE PEAR.

BY P. H. FOSTER, BABYLOX, L. I.

I see in the Feb. Monthly, page 52, your
INotes on the cracking of the Pear ; you claim it
is clear to all who have given close observation
to the subject, that there are several, if not
many causes ; as much as to say we are all grop"
ing in the dark. I have never as yet learned of
a remedy from our men of superior wisdom ; but
hold they do not see the exact process in
which the fungus is conveyed to the fruit. I am
fully satisfied from the experiments I have
made, the disease can be exterminated. In order
to test my theory, an isolated specimen should
be selected which is bearing cracked fruit, all
the last summer's growth or wood taken off ex-
cept a few blossom buds. I hold the fungus
after being established on a tree, is perpetuated
on that tree, by its propagation on the young
wood and fruit ; there is no doubt a diiference in
the susceptability of fruits, in taking on this con-
dition; but close observation will disclose the
fact, that the young wood of all varieties of Pear
trees do not present the same appearance.
Some contain an unbroken cist wherein the fun-
gus lies ; in others the cist has opened the fall
before, and become harmless. I will give you
an extract of a letter to F. W., Feb. 18, 1874:
Dear Sir : — " I find the wood on the Lawrence
Pear least infected by fungus; Duchess, Bartlett,
Belle Lucrative, very slightly; Beurre Diel,
Flemish Beauty, and White Doyenne most. The
above observations are pointed. To one year old
wood, it should appear a thick skinned pear may
resist the injur}' done in a measure ; think the
living principle of fungi on some varieties re-
mains enclosed in the cist during the winter, and
and does not open until spring when new growth
commences, while in other varieties the cist
opens the latter part of the same season of fun-
gus propagation, and thereby begomes harm
less. It would be well to look for the living
spore or seed and ascertain the point."

CELESTIA APPLES.

BY R. J. BLACK, BREMEX, OHIO.

There is plenty of room above, as was said to
the youth who thought a certain occupation too
crowded ; so with fruit. So the catalogue is full
to overflowing, yet there is plenty of room for
the finest productions.

Dr. L. S. Mote has placed every lover of fine
fruit under lasting obligations by originating this

delicious apple. It certainly merits all the good
things Dr. Warder has said of it. When first
brought to notice by him, he wrote that it " per-
haps excels the famous Dyer or Pomme Koy-
ale ;" but after a number of years' experience
there is no room for doubt. It "excels" the lat-
ter in all particulars : growth, bearing, size,
beauty and quality. Grown in the same or-
chards with such fine varietes as Early Joe,
Champlain, Garden Royal, Richard's Graft, Fall
Pippin, Ohio Xonpareil, Sparks, Evening Party,
Grimes, Golden, &c. What the Cincinnati Horti-
cultural Society said of Ohio Nonpareil 20 years
ago may more emphatically be said of Celestia :
better than the best. The tree is a fine, upright
stocky grower ; shoots rather short-jointed, dull
reddish-ln-own with considerable light-grayish
marking, somewhat downy and spotted; buds
prominent, pointed; leaves dark-green, thick,
ovate, acuminate, irregularly crenate. One of
the most beautiful and healthy trees in all stages
of growth, and an excellent bearer. To describe
the fine quality of the large beautiful yellow
fruit, is not easy ; but Dr. Warder comes as near
it as words will allow : " Flesh yellow, very fine
grained, very tender, juicy; flavor sub-acid,
sprightly, aromatic, delicious. Use, table or
kitchen; season, September; quality, very best."
— [Armrican Horticultural Annual, 18G7, page
63.)

Its one fault is that it does not keep till April.
But in higher latitudes this will not Ije against it,
for it is well known that Cogswell and other apples
which keep well in the Xorth, are ripe and gone
in Southern Ohio, before the first of November.
Here, about one degree north of the place of its
origin, Celestia ripens in October, being a month
later ; and with no particular care keeps sound
and perfect until after Christmas.

EDITORIAL NOTES.

Fruit Culture ix Texas.— Professor S.
B. Buckley says that the apple does not
succeed well in the warmer parts of Texas,
unless " Southern varieties from Southern nur-
series " are planted. The blight, which it
seems now to be proved is caused by a minute
fungus, kills thousands of trees in the State. On
his grounds at Austin feAV have died. There are
old trees at El Paso nine feet in circumference
three feet from the ground. They were planted
by the Spaniards a hundred years ago. Dr.
i Buckley thinks they are the largest pear trees in

11 J

////, ( / . I A- / ) /■: x /-A'.s Moxiiii.y

[Apri/,

;li(' I iiilfd Slates ; bill wr doul't this. I'ciulics
an- at home in Texas. (.Quinces i)r(iinisiii<;.
Plums, only the native selections do well.
Cherries, currants, and <;oosohorrie.s do not do
u<il. The grape, we L'ather from his re-
marks, is not very successtul. The tltr does well
in Middle and Southern Texas. Oranu'es only in
the counties bordering on the (tulf. Black-
berries do well. Rivspborries, only the Black
Caps. Strawberries very well. Prof. Buckley
thinks that a little more fruit in addition to the '
present abundant '* hog and possum '" would do
tlie Texan farmer no harm.

The Amei{ican Vines in France.— The :
French vines grafted on the Clinton,at Montpeil-
lier, introduced at once on the report of Prof.
Planchon's mission to this country has proved
completely Phylloxera-proof. Has any one tried
the same experiment in our country ? It is
likely fair success would follow the European
grape on a native stock in the open air of
Eastern America. It would be worth an experi-
ment.

Coffee in Amehica. — The Scientific Farmer
having announced that " cofl'ee has proved
verj' productive in California since its intro-
duction four years ago, Mr. W. Saunders
offers- ten dollars for a pound of the berries
from plants that have been tlu-ee years in
the open air of any part of the United States.
He does not want the Kentucky coffee, Rye
coffee, or any coffee but the genuine Arab berry.

Profit of Gkape Grooving. — Mr. E. F.
EUwanger makes the good point, that those
who find grape growing " don't pay, " are
generally those who have gone into it from some
other business, and who thought plants ought
to "grow into money while they slept." Honest
]irofit means honest labor ; no work no pay, is
uatm-e's law in gardening. Mr. EUwanger
thinks that the man who first loves his trade and
then sticks to it, generally works out fairly at
least, and we quite agree with him.

The Most Popular Pear.s in France. —
It is said that about one-seventh of all the
pear trees sold in France are of the one we
know as Bartlett, and the Duchess.

Service Berries. — The Californians "prove
all things." Now according to the Independent oi
Stockton, Mr. Milco has introduced "Soi'bula"
trees from which much is expected. This is no

doubt tlie service berry. Sorbus domestiea.
" Blcssi'd are they who do n<it expect much, for
(li( V siiall not be disappointed."

NEW OK R.lRIi I'KLITS.

Brewington Pippin Apple. — Mr. Charles
Downing kindly sends us a specimen of this
apple. Mr. D. says : " The ajjple is of good
size, show}', and the quality good, although a
little wanting in juice. Jt will no doubt be valu-
able for the localit}- where it originated as a late
keeper and for market." We agree with Mr.
Downing. It is an improvement on Ben Davis,
and that in itself is a great gain. Mr. Brew-
ington, of Prince of Wales, Breckenridge Co.,
Ky., the raiser, gives the following account of
its origin :

"Now, this is to certify that the Brewington
Pippin is a seedling of the Joe Allen (New York
Pippin — Ben Davis) apple, and produced its first
fruit about the year 1871. I grew the tree, and
it is now to be found in my orchard, about five
miles east of Hardinsburgh, where I reside at
this time. It blooms one week later than Ben
Davis, and ripens from February to April; if
kept in a warm place during early Winter will
be in good eating condition by first of January.
The tree is of vigorous growth, upright, and
becoming spreading as it grows older. Fruit
suffered some this season from bitter rot; about
lifty apples in all for first time. I believe the
late frost caused the rot by a freeze, and then
the disease developed itself as the fruit matured.
Have had grafts to grow eight feet in length in
one season (first year's growth of grafts set by
Aaron Norton, who is one of my neighbors),
and bore fryit the second year after the grafts
were set. You will notice that the bark of
these scions are redder than the Ben Davis
scions, and this apple is a darker red, more like
the bark on the scions of Ben Davis, while the
bark of the Brewington Pippin scions is colored
more like the Ben Davis apple. I think, on the
whole, the Brewington Pippin a finer, -showy
tree and leaf than the Ben Davis tree, and the
apple has more flavor and is a better keeper. I
have about thirty young trees of this latter
variety set out for a new orchard as late keepers.
" I subscribe myself,

"James Brewington."

1878.1

AND HORTICULTURIST.

113

SCRAPS AND QUERIES.

Lime for Orchards. — X. W. A., Lowell,
Mass., writes that in the Vol. of the Horticul-
turist for 1875, pa<ie 22, there is an excellent
paper on the application of lime to orchards.

L'^TAH ClTiRANT. — A correspondent from
Michigan enquires if any have had more expe-
rience with this east of the Rock}- Mountains,

than the provisionally favorable notices that
have in times past appeared in the Garden?:il's
Monthly ?

Fruit of Japan Persimmon. — Mr. Looniis
sends us a preserved fruit from Japan. It has a
flavor partaking of the fig and the date when
dried. The one sent was perhaps the kind
known in Japan as Yaniato. It has small seeds.
We believe it will be hardy anywhere that the
common Virginian Persimmon will stand the
Winter.

Forestry.

COM Ml WICA TIONS.

WILLOW OAK.

r.Y S., RUTGERS COLLGE, NEW BRUNSWICK, N.J.

In your March number J. M. says " it would
lie interesting to know the farthest Northern
l)oint that Willow Oak (Quercus Phellos) has
l)een found growing wild. For the information
of your correspondent and readers, I may state
that this oak is common near Washington,
Middlesex county, X. J. Two trees near that
village are each between 60 and 70 feet in
height, and nearly 3 feet in diameter. I do not
recollect ever seeing this tree elsewhere in the
central or northern parts of this State. There
are said to be several near Mt. Holly. I think
that at each of these localities the tree is limited
to a comparatively small area.

Your note on a large cherry tree, page 18,
January number, suggests a measurement which
I made of a wild cherry tree (Prunus Pennsyl-
vanica) growing on the roadside, about a mile
south of Warwick, Orange county, N. Y. This
tree, three feet above the ground, had a circum-
ference of 17 feet 7 inches. It is one of the
largest trees which I have seen in that part of
Xew York, and the adjacent Highlands of Xew
Jersey.

QUERCUS PHELLOS AND Q. FALCATA.

1!V HON. ELI K. PRICE, PIIILADELl'lHA.

To J. M. I answer, that there is a large Wil-
low Oak on the east side of the Woodlands, near
the southwest corner of the alms house, and
three Spanish Oaks in the Woodlands, two or
three hundred yards eastward of the mansion ;

one on the north side of Chestnut street, in front
of Mr. Keene's house, near Thirty -seventh street ;
and several in the Park, near the southwest
corner of the bridge over Belmont Valley, that
is, northeast of Horticultural Hall.

EUCALYPTUS AT NORFOLK, VA.

BY H. P. WORCESTER. NORFOLK, VA.

In connection with your remarks upon the
"Hardiness of the Eucalyptus," it may be of
interest to you to know what success is met with
in this locality.

With slight protection small trees have stood
a modei'ately severe Winter, but without protec-
tion they have thus far been killed by the first
severe frost. I speak of the E. globulus.
Whether the E. bicolor is more hardy or not, I
shall be able to determine after a trial I am
now making. I might say in this connection
that another Australian plant, the Cassia fistula,
will not stand our Winters, but, when protected,
has produced fruit abundantly the second sea-
son, in my garden.

EDITORIAL NOTES.

American Forestry and HoirncuLTURE
AT Paris. — The forestry exhibit from the nur-
series of Thomas Meehan, of Germantown, and
which went on the " Constitution " with the
others from Philadelphia, for the Paris Exhibi-
tion, is not included in the recently published
Philadelphia list of exhibitors, because at the
request of General l^e Due it was transferred
from General McCormick's special list in order

1 [

•nil: (;.ih'n/:.\i:A"s Moxfiii )

[April,

to maki; p;ir( nf (lie National ixliihil iiudir tin-
auspiros of tilt' (Icpardnont of AirricuUiirc. So
far as wv have lu-anl tliis is tlic only American
nursery tli:i( ^^'ill !>«' rei)n'siMi(e(l tlure. 11' there
are others we will ijladly pnhlisli (hem. The
same firm, as already stated.desired to make an
oxhiltit of over oii^ht hundred species and varie-
ties (tf livinij; trees, but was prevented by the
strictness of the French rules.

Tkee Planting in Minnesota. — !S. 1).
Payne planted 100 ,000 trees last year, and ex-
pects to have 100 acres in all completed this
season.

A «iO()i) Mi)VE. — The President ^f the
Missouri River, Fort Scott, and Gulf U. 11., has
made a contract with Messrs. Robert Douglass
«& Sons, of WaukcL'an, Illinois, to ,u;row for that
road 50,000 lilack AValnut, 75,000 Catalpas, and
75,000 Red Cedar seedlings. These trees are to
be planted on the company's land, at a point
not far from Fort Scott, Kansas.

Wood of Cer^^us Serotina. — An Illinois
correspondent sends us a sketch of astern of this
tree w^hicb has made an average growth of three-
quarters of an inch a year. The timber ought to
very useful for cabinet work ; though we do not
think quite equal to the Wild Cherry trees,
escapes of the cultivated Cherry which so
abound in Pennsylvania. We wish some better
name than "Wild J^>lack Cherry" could be given
this tree, as it is certain to become confused with
these escapes from garden culture.

The Profit of Forestry. — Judging by the
following from an Ehglish contemporary, they
do not calculate profits from the same basis that
we do :

"The expenditure upon the Windsor Parks and
Woods exceeds the income fiom them by nearly
X20,000, the New Forest yields a profit of £1300,
the Forest of Dean one of over £6000, the High
Meadows Wood over £4000, Alice Holt over
£1000, Woolmer Forest and Bere Wood, Hants,
nearly a £1000 ; Parkhurst Woods, Isle of Wight,
yields a profit of £148 — the total receipts from
the Royal Forests, says the Journal of Forestry,
being £3?., 129 0^. 8c?., the expenditures £18,519
10s, 2.d. Windsor Forest, being entireh' excep-
tional, is not included in the foregoing total.
Like our contemporary, we have no doubt that
the revenue from the Crown Woods might, in
course of time, be very materially increased,
while the expenditure on Windsor Forest might

prol»ably be diminished, and tiie income in-
creased without diminishing the beauty of the
forest, (he comfort of the Sovei'eign. or the ])lea-
sure .if her snl)jeets,''

In our country the income over expenditure
in any one year would not be considered " pro-
fit." AVe should wan( (o kiutw how much ex-
pendKure of capital and labor (here had been for
years jirevious ; and we should perhaps want to
charge six percent, against all (his outlay, tliat
had for so man}' years brf)nu;ht in nothin;;.
befoi-e calculating what the profits were. It
seems to us that a full grown forest might yield
in one year twenty times the expenditures of
that 5'ear, and still the forest not to be a very
profitable investment.

Forestry will pay, — well managed aiul rightly
located, it will pay handsomely ; but here, as in
the meteorological aspects of the case, it is best
to guard people from planting under misappre-
hensions. No cause is permanently successful
that does not stand on a solid body of facts.

Catai.1'A TiMBEJt. — When a few years ago
the Gardener's Monthly called attention to
the fact that the Cattilpa was one of the most
rapid growing trees as well as giving very dur-
able timber, planters were very incredulous.
Since then facts Ixave come to light showing it to
be even more valuable than we supposed.
We take the following from the proceedings of
the Mont. Co. (O.) Horticultural Society:

'■Prof. F. J. Rurrill writes : From the experi-
ments so far at the Illhiois Industrial I'niversit}'.
the catalpa is oneof the cheapest, and easiest to
grow, and one of the most rapidly growing of
our forest trees, native or introduced. In one
plantation, containing about twenty selected
species, only the soft maple and white willow
have in eight years time surpassed it. It has out-
grown the White or American Elm, White Ash,
European Larch, Osage Orange, Black Walnut,
&c., upon the same ground, and under the same
treatment. It is not attacked by any insect, nor
does it appear to be subject to any disease what-
ever. Our trees were raised from seed planted
in the spring of 1869, and were transplanted in
1871. When reset the tops were cut to the
ground, because they were crooked and much
branched, and were set two feet by four feet to
induce erect growth, cultivated like corn three
I years, and plowed once each of the two follow-
ing years, since which time nothing has been
done to them except a very little pruning. Next

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

115

spring ever}' other row will be removed and used
for stakes in vineyards, fences, &c.

The average height is now sixteen feet three
inches, and average diameter one foot from the
ground three inches, some much larger. Thej^
are as straight and erect as can be desired, and
grew in 1877 an average of thirty-three inches.

"While collecting specimens of the trees of
Illinois for the Centennial I found some boards |
sawed from a log two feet in diameter which was
proven to have laid upon the ground one liundred '
years. One man had known the log to have thus
lain during forty years of this time, and he had
the information directly from another as to the !
previous sixty years. This was in the extreme i
southern portion of Illinois, about twelve miles
from Cairo and the Missippi riv<;r bottoms. The I
wood is still sound and strong, and susceptible I
of a fair polish.''

SCRAPS AND QUERIES.

Hardiness of the Eucalyptu.s. — H.,
Philadelphia, sends us an extract from a
California paper, showing that a Eucalyptus
globulus stood in Oregon, and without injury,
when the thermometer fell 17° below freezing-
point, and asks " why it would not do as much
in Philadelphia." We are nearly tired of this
Eucalyptus matter. If people want to plant
Eucalyptus trees here in the East, we know of
no law against it. As our friend, Mr. Price,
told us last year, they do not try the experiments
at anybody's expense but their own. But if we
must answer our correspondent's question we
should say, as the child says, "It won't live in
Philadelphia at the same temperature as in
Oregon, because it won't." Hardiness, as most
of our readers know, is not decided by the ther-
mometer.

Natural History and Science.

COMMUNICA riONS.

OIL FOR FRUIT TREES.

I^Y MR. STEPHEN S. PPaCE, FERN ROCK, NEAR :
PHILADELPHIA.

I notice with considerable interest a commu-
nication on page 83, of the Monthly, in refer- i
ence to the bad effects of the use of linseed oil j
on Pear trees, and also notice that the editor is
disposed to attribute the trouble to " adulterated
oils."

Now I have most thoroughly tested this sub-
ject, with precisely the same results as E. I. B., :
and can further advise that when blight sets in '
after the trees have been well oiled, the death of j
the entire tree is bound to follow. My last year's ,
experience was very discouraging. Usually, \
with me, when a tree has become seized with
blight, I can arrest its progress by trimming out
the diseased parts, which still does very well if
the tree has not beei; oiled ; but when it has, no
care or attention will save it, and even a slight
attack means certain death. ,

My orchai'd is planted on a southern slope,
well drained, and the trees carefully looked
after. But the destroyer still comes, and this
last Summer it took Manning's Elizabeth, j
Clapp's Favorite, Flemish Beauty, Buflum, St. \
Ghislain, Madelaine, and others, and those I !

have remaining look black and ugly. Some of
the trees have been done two years.

I feel quite certain the oil is pure, as it came
from the most reliable druggist I know of, Robt.
Shoemaker & Co. I am now experimenting
with oil on Marechal Neil Rose, but can tell
better later on.

[This is valuable testimony, and seems to put
a solution of the enigma further away than ever.
The success of the Mississippi trees under oil is
undoubted; and several hundred apple and pears
on the grounds of the editor of the Gardener's
Monthly were painted with linseed oil from
top to bottom, with the very reverse of injurious
effects. We have offered our explanation why
other people's died, which does not seem wholly
satisfactory. We will now ask why these cases
should have been so succes.sful. — Ed.]

THE JAPAN PERSIMMON.

BY * PJIILADELrnrA.

The illustration and description of the Japan
Persimmon, in your March number, reminds me
that efforts to obtain satisfactory information
from several sources as to the fertility of the
plants offered for sale, have failed. If the Japan
Persimmon be a true Diospyros, it is dioecious
— bearing pistillate and staminate flowers on
separate trees — hence single specimens may not

iin

JJIK C.JRPEXI-.R'S Moxrin.)

\.\pn.

prodiu'o fruit. thi)ii'_'li 1 ^raiit thai docs not «iilluri' as well as incri' Ixitiiiiicjil scit'iicc to lulp
alwavs follow, for I rciiu-inhcr a iiistillati- tree him all we ran. .\ny one who can send frcsii
till' Madura wliiili Ixmc iVuil almiidanlly, a cut catkins, male or fmialc or ;:nod specimens

of any sort, of oin- iiativi- kinds to him. will do us
ail Liood service.

Pi:An Blight. — As we surmised m our last,
I'rof. liurrill was likely to he misunderstood as
he himself explains in the followiii*^ note. The
very careful examination of pear hli<:hted

ot

staminate tree not l)einu' within many miles.
The fruit, thouixh apparently perfect, was. liow-
ever. on examination without seed. If, then,
such be the capacity of nature in the Osai^e
Orantrc, it may be repeated in the .lapau Per-
simmon, thou<ih it is not, 1 think, the case in

our native sort. I have a Virginia Persimmon branches by Prof. J. (iibbons Hunt, showing the
tree of some age which has never borne fruit, ' presence and action of fungi, as already detailed
and efforts at engrafting it have failed. It is ;„ ,,„j. pages, could not have escaped Prof. Bur-
said. I believe, that the Kaki may be readily bill's attention, and we feel sure Hint he must
engrafted on our native stock. liave meant to favor that view :

Please. Mr. Editor, as I start the ball, give it " i send you the article to wiiich you refer in
a push onward. Information may gather as it your March number under the title Fungi and
rolls. Disease, page 87. I see your fpiotation is not

[If these Japan varieties are to be reproduced f\^r wrong, but reference was made to the species
by seed, and not by grafting, our correspondent's named in the article not being definitehj proved
warning is timely ; for, as he says, the flowers , t^ be the cause of the death of the limbs. Fur-
are irregular in their sexual character. Many ix^qx^ I meant to state that we did not know the
are male plants, having no power to develop i mode of action and special effect of any species
anything but stamens. AVe suppose there are ^po^ these trees, whether named or not. I
some with imperfect stamens, and which have | baye little or no doubt but that the disease is
yet the power of developing imperfectly, with- 1 j^ .^ome way due to fungous parasites. Am
out pollen; at least that is our guess at the I ^.o,itj,iui„g jbe search."

origin of the seedless fruited kinds; but there are ; ^^^^ p^^^^ Blight—TIus is the most popu-
some which are truly hermaphrodite, and ""^i" | j^r topic in the v agricultural papers just now.
vidual trees of these will bear fruit anywhere.— ^^.^ ^^^^ ^^^ ^.^^^^^^^ ^^^, doubting the conclusions

Ed.]

ED 17X1 RIAL NOTES.

Cakxivokous Plants. — A Salem, Mass., cor-
respondent kindly says : " Find an important
error, March Xo.. page 87, Ed. Notes, fifth line.
Should have been insects not plants.''' The worst

of Dr. J. Gibbons Hunt, the accomplished presi-
dent of the Microscopical Secli<)n of the Academy
of Natural Sciences, of Philadelphia, who, after
a careful mici'oscopical examination of fresh
specimens, decided that it was caused by a small
fungus working from the outside of the wood
inwardly, as we have already detailed in the
Gakdkxer's Monthly. Dr. Lcighton, of
Norfolk, Virginia, has in a measure confirmed

of it is that the editor cannot put the mistake on ^^^^^^ f^^^g^ ^^ showing that i^car blighted trees
the " compositor," for it fell carelessly from his bad perfectly healthy roots, no fungus about
own pen. them; so it is not likely fungoid material was

LiNU^i PEKENNE. — The pretty blue tlax of carried up in the liquids, and so worked from the
the Rocky Mountains has hitherto been thought interior as they do in the peach yellows,
to be the same with the Old World Linum per- ^ taking off Potato Blossoms.— A certain
enne. Some of our earlier botanists named it jy^ Booghe or Bogy, according to the news-
Linum Lewisii. In a recent number of Silli- , p^^perg^ increases his " tubercles " one-fourth, by
man's Journal Dr. Asa Gray remarks that it j pi,-,^.^,;^^ ^f! the blossoms as they open. Now
may possil)ly yet prove to be a distinct species, ! ^^^^^ bundred instead of three hundred baskets
and to bear this name. ^f Murphies is worth tryhig for; but others be-

The American Poplars. — These are in such j sides this Bogy who have tried it assert it can-
confusion, that it becomes necessary to go over I not be done. We venture the opinion that this
the whole subject from fresh specimens. Mr. doctor is like some others we wot of, who think
Sereno Watson, of Cambridge, Mass., has un- out results and then publish them as if they
dertaken the arduous task. It will serve horti- were focts accomplished..

1S78.]

AN/ ) JfOR TICUL TURIS T.

117

Spkcific Heat in Trees.— The Gardener's ble matter sufficient to prevent the freezing of
Chronicle gives the following sketch of some what it has retained, while the evergreen is all
proceedinos in Germany : the Winter long exposed to evaporating influ-

-Dr. Bolle recentlv cmnnmicated to the ences which dry out the jnoisture to an extent
Horticultural Society of Berlin some interesting utterly unknown to the moist atmosphere of
particulars of the relative hardiness of different Europe, wher ' people say deciduous trees are
ti-ees in Germany. Species of Carya which suc-
ceed admirably in the Central States of North
America suffer from May frosts. Pterocarya
Caucasica survives, but only on dry soil. The
Cedar of Lebanon, although it ascends to the
snow region in its native country, is not perfect-
ly hardy, whereas the Deciduous Cypress, Taxo-
dium distichum, is not injured. The latter in-
habits the Southern States of Northern America,

" at rest " in Winter, as compared wiih ever-
greens. It is hard to tell what is really meant.

INTERKAL Heat OF PLANTS.— In France
Ihey are troubled much by May frosts in the
vineyards. An article has recently appeared
in the Annales'des Sciences Naturelles showing
that two grape-growers sow the vineyard with
rape seed in October, which by May is several
feet high. The heat given otf by this mass of
nnd is one of the few instances of plants which \ jjying vegetation is said to be sufficient to raise
will bear a climate colder than that of the I ^-^^ temperature a few degrees, and thus protect
country in which they now exist in a wild state, j ^j-^g yjnes from frost. It may also have the
In his useful Book of Evergreens Josiah Hoopes ; effect of shading the ground, and prevent sun
says, 'The Deciduous Cypress, although strictly ^yarming, thus keeping back growth a little,
a, Southern tree, thrives admirablv in the climate

of the Middle States. Its most northern natural Slitting the Bark of Trees.-Au impres-
limits are the Cvpress swamps of Marvland, and sioti prevails in some hitelligent quarters that
the extreme southern part of Delaware.- the bark of trees never becomes mdurated, or

hide-bound," in technical language, unless

Throughout every portion of the Southern States
this tree is found in the low miasmatic swamps \ something is wrong with the roots. It often
and occasionally verv plentifullv, especially ' does result from root injury ; but there are many
alonir the borders of the rivers and larger | causes, quite independent of this. Nature her-
^streains. Indeed, in the Gulf States these Cy- ; self provides for the rupture of bai-k m the
press swamps cover thousands of acres, and form atimi ot suber cells,
along the Mississippi river particularly they ex-
tend for hundreds of miles.' Like the Arbor-
vitfe this tree sheds not only its leaves but also
its ultimate branchlets, which may possibly ex-
plain its hardiness. The Mexican variety, of
which a tree girthing 100 feet is said to exist at
•Chapultepec, is tender. Dr. Bolle thinks these
peculiarities in the constitution of plants are
governed by the distribution of heat in the dif-
ferent seasons of the year. One of the mem-

It is by their action
that " rifts " take place. Every kind of tree has
its own species of suber cells engaged in this
work, and hence the rifts in no two species are
exactly alike. The effect of these growths has
been checked in "hide-bound" trees, though
often every other part of the tree is in a normal
and healthy condition. In these cases the knife
aids very acceptably in slitting such bark, the
work the suber cells failed to perform.

Ripening of Fruits.— Prof. Albert Prescott
bers present observed that deciduous shrubs , contributes to the Popular Science Monthly a
generally withstand frost better than evergreens, ! paper on the chemistry of fruit ripening. The
because they are at i-est in Winter, mentioning I sweetest fruits to the taste may not really have
as examples Magnolia glauca and Larix as much sugar as those which taste more sharply.
Ktempferi." Currants have G and gooseberries 7 per cent, of

It has long been known here that deciduous sugar, while a peach and an apricot have little
trees are hardier, and evergreens more tender, over one per cent. The grape has over 14 per
in America than in Europe, as a general thing. ; cent. — more than any other fruit. It is gener-
Our hot, dry Summers enable the trees to get I ally supposed that sugar is made from starch in
rid of their surplus moistm-e ; and, as they have ' ripeidng, |)ut there are some fruits with sugar in
little evaporating surfaces during Winter, what \ which no trace of starch has ever been found,
they have they keep. They have no excess to j Moist heat favors the chemical process of fruit
freeze and rupture the cells, and have accumu- j ripening, just as unripe fruits are made mor3
lated heat enouijh and secreted non-congeala- ■ edible by boiling.

lis

THE GARPEXER'S M0A7 ///. )

{.April,

TIu> whole iirticlr will well repay a earet'iil
perusal. AVe are -.'lad to know that the Fopiilar
Science Munthli/ is prosperinir. It deserves the
jzreat sueeess it lias acliieved.

Seei»i.ks,s MoiNi-AiN Ash.— Mrs. Lmv Mil-
lington writes: ••('an you tell me how it hap-
pens that the berries of some of our Mountain
Ash tri-es have no seed.s? It is only those
Avliieh the birds spare. All the seeded berries
are eaten in the early Fall, so that there is i^reat
disajipointment as to the decorative qualities of
the tree. Please answer this through the
Monthly, as many people enquire. I only
know that there are trees bearing seedless ber-
ries, that hanii on the trees all Winter, and the
trees with full-seeded berries are stripped by
birds for the sake of the seeds.''

BoTAxiCAX Name of the Sweet Potato. —
A Virginia correspondent writes : Having failed
to find out the botanical name of the Sweet
Potato plant, I beg you will have the kindness
to state its nativit}'. or what else 3'ou please in
your Monthly. Though simple, I trust it will
interest many of your readers. Am under im-
pression that it is a Caly.stegia.

[It is Convolvulus Batatas, not so very far
trom a Cal3'stegia. — Ed. J

Seeds or Plants from other Localities.
— A., Philadelphia, asks : " Is there any use in
a change of seeds from other localities ?"

[There may be '' use,'' or there may be loss.
If we turn a wheel round, it keeps going awhile
after the hand is withdrawn. The same law
holds good through all nature. A Peach forced
for several years in hot-house will bloom a week
or two before a Peach of the same kind fresh
brought into the heat ; and peculiar forms of
plains — new species or varieties — continue to
exist long after the circumstances which created
them have ceased. Hence, seeds or trees may
carry with them to a new location certain charac-
ters desirable or undesirable, which will last for
a time, though perhaps the same species or
variety already there may not have, or may
have lost them. — Ed. G. M.]

PiNTJS aristata. — Mr. Siler, of Ranch,
Utah, writes : I send a few cones of Pinus
Balfouriana. I also send in saeparate bundle
limbs of Pinus Balfouriana, which I hope
will prove very acceptable to you. I would

like I'oi' you to present litiilis and cones of
lluise I senil to the Philadelphia Academy of
Natural Sciences. Pinus Hali'ouriana is a low-
growing tree, very scrubl)y. presentin<r a very
beautiful appearance when loaded with cones,
as lljey cause the limbs to hang down, when
they look like a cat'.s tail when angered; hence
th« local name of Cat Tail Pine. It is found
growing on high, dry points of Tricifo, where
there appears to be no soil, the roots penetrfiting
the crevices of the rock. This Pine I have never
found at an altitude lower than 6,(J(i() fei-t above
sea level. It is very local, growing only, as far
as I have been able to trace it, about the rim
of the basin in Southern Utah, about the head
waters of the Sauvro river. It is a solitary tree.
' You will seldom tint} two of them growing near
together. A peculiarity of the species is its
growth. I found a dead tree last August, 18 feet
high, 20 inches in diameter 2 feet from the
ground. The grain of the wood, instead of running
up and down the tree, runs around it, and resem-
ble large hoops driven on a baiTel. About 5
feet from the ground there was a swell of at
least 2 inches, about 0 inches long up and down
the tree. I have noticed several other trees and
parts of trees. All bear the same character.
; [These were .beautiful specimens, with the
' cones rather more slender than the cones of the
' P. aristata from Colorado, but still not so slen-
der as the form from California, figured by Mr.
Murray as P. Balfouriana. It is proper here to
say that for a long time American botanists be-
lieved that the Colorado and California forms
were both the same, and were willing to drop
their own name and adopt Mr. Murray's by
right of priorit3^ Mr. Murray, however, always
contended for their distinctness, and the writer
of this promised him to investigate the matter
further. The result has been so far toward
showing that Mr. Murray was I'ight, and we are
sorry he is not alive now to receive this
acknowledgment. We believe this of Mr. Siler
is P. aristata, and not P. Balfouriana. which is
conlined to California. — Ed.]

The Name Imatophyllum. — N., Cuyahoga
Falls, O., sa3^s : "I notice that, hi several of
our best plant catalogues, the Amaryllid,
Imatophyllum is written, Imantophyllum.
Loudon says Imatophyllum, and this is doubtless
right. This name was evidently intended to be
descriptive. It is some sort of phjilum (leaf).
Imanto is not significant, and of course is not
descriptive. Imato is significant. It means a

1878.]

AND H OR TICIL TURIST.

119

«-oat (vestment). And Imatophyllum means a
coatleaf. Loudon gives no derivation, and I
have no authority for this. But it is certainly
not a strained one. For, if you strip off one of
the outer leaves, and invert it, you will find
more than a fanciful resemblance to the typical
swallow-tail coat. Or if not found, in the
absence of older or better, the authority of Lou-
don. I suppose, is sufficient to determine Ima-
tophyllum to be the right name.

[Botanists do not always tell the reasons for tne
names they give the plants. Therefore in matters
of orthography, unless they be clearly and mani-
festh' wrong, we take the names just as the
author of the botanical name gives it to us. In
this case Sprengel gives itHimantophyllum, and
this we suppose is the oldest orthography. As
in the case of Haplopappus, and other words;
when it got to London the H was dropped, and
then we read of it as Imantophyllum. Hooker
we believe to be the first to use it in this form,
dropping the n also, and making it Imato-

phyllum. It is not clear to our mind whether
derivation is from imas^ a leather thong, per-
haps from the strap-shaped leather-like leaves,
or from imato^ a vestment, as our correspondent
suggests.

At any rate,the name might as Avell be dropped
in general use, as we take Chvia nobilis, under
the rules, to be the correct name for it. — [Ed.
G. M.]

Double Amaryllis. — J. D., Bridgeport,
Conn., writes : " I send you by post two fiowers
of a variety of Amaryllis, said to be found grow-
ing wild near St. Johns, Florida. "Will you
please let us know tlu'ough your Monthly what
you know of the variety, &c."

[As far as we could judge from a flower it ap-
pears to be Amaryllis Johnsoni. It is not a
native of Florida ; if wild the original must be
an escape from some garden. It is very double,
beautiful, and ought to be a valuable florists'
flower. — Ed. G. M.]

Literature, Travels I Personal Notes.

. COMMUNICA TWNS.

HISTORY OF THE WEEPING WILLOW.

1!Y W. II. P.

In your reply to " F," Boston, you say that
tradition says that all our Weeping Willows
come from a cutting of that one at Xapoleon's
grave, and you speak of Capt. Jacob Smith as
probably the ancestor of a former correspondent.
Now it is my custom on receiving your magazine
to commence reading it at once, and when I find
anj'thing likely to interest our domestic circle,
I read it aloud. When the above was thus read
a venerable lady of excellent memory, said :
'' I remember seeing a very large old Weep-
ing Willow, when I lived in Newport, R. I.,
and it must have been as early as 1812, for
our family all left Newport before then, as Mr.
Madison's embargo and the war left little for
people to do in Newport. Napoleon died in
1821, nine years after, and not long enough ago to
make a search for ancestors very difficult." Thank
you very much for your European Notes ; how
they must awake long-slumbering echoes in
many wanderers from Albion ! Even I, Yan-
keefied beyond belief, and certain to pass with
your friend, the "guard," for an unmitigated
" furriner.'" was so far affected bv the little word

" TJckfield," that iny eyes involuntarily closed ;
many, many years were retraced, and among
many recollections was one of a secluded pond,
with Willows on one side and Pine trees on the
other, the cones from the latter giving the boy of
six years practical illustrations of the laws of
"interference of vibration in elastic media,"
which have made the study of acoustics and op-
tics pleasanter and easier. The Newport Wil-
low, above mentioned, was in Third street
on the 'Point," and there may be many who re-
member it as long ago as the time stated. Your
Boston friend "F." can make inquiries around
Long Wharf, and the boat builders, when he
visits Newport next summer .

[We are much indebted to our corresponden-
for these notes. In our former remarks the ref-
erence was intended to be in regard to the intro-
duction of the Weeping Willow into New Eng-
land, rather than over the whole country.
Weeping Willows were not uncommon as side-
walk trees in Philadelphia, in 1803, and there
may be older dates elsewhere. — Ed. G. M.]

PLANT PROTECTION.

BY El'OENE <iLKX, ItOCIIKSTEI! . N'. V.

In 1876, Congress enacted a law by which
it was made a penal offense, punishable
liy tine not exceeding SI ,000 or imprisonment

1-JO

/•///•; i;.iA'/)/:.v/' A's mo\ riii v

l{/>n/.

iu»t exctM'diii'j; two years, to knowiiiulv iniitalc
any rotiisti-n'd trailt- mark or doal in nicrcliaii-
(lise hearing swell imitated marks witlionl au-
thority. Of eonrse. (lie invokinir of criminal;
law cannot be justified in this case merely as a
jiroleetion to (lie private in(eres(s of (hose who
liold trade marks, and it was not upon the theory
that the law was pa.ssed. It was seen (hat (hose
who accjuire a reputation for their jj;oods because ,
of their superiority, have ever)' incentive to pre-
serve their purity, and that if they are protected
in the use of their brands the public will have
greater security for obtaininti good (jualities of
the merchandise it may ref]uire. Hence it be-
comes a public injury to counterfeit these brands,
and for the punishment of this the strong arm
of the criminal law may be properly invoked.

Likewise it is a grevious public injury to have
spurious trees and plants disseminated; and if the
protection of the public from spurious brands of
coflee and soai).for example, will justify the in-
terposition of the criminal law, how much more
will its protection from the yearly increasing
damages resulting from the dissemination or
spurious trees, plants and seeds, warrant a simi-
lar interposition of that law !■'

As will be readily seen, when a variety has
become so generally distributed, that all nur-
serymen have had an opportunity to obtain gen-
uine stock and propagate liberally from it, the
price of specimen trees or plants of that variety
will drop to the general average for specimens
of that species, and then there will be little in-
ducement to supply spurious specimens of it.
Hence if we prevent frauds ii. the sale of new
varieties, we shall put an end to the greater
part of the frauds now practiced. The fact that
with genuine stock from which to propogatc any
nurserymen can produce trees of the identical
variety produced by another nurseryman , renders
it impracticable to effect this reform by means
of simple trade marks, indicating by whom the
trees to which these marks may have been at-
tached were grown. But a copyright law would
give to an originator and his assigns, for a limiti-d
term, the exclusive use of the name he might
originally adopt to indicate his variety. As this
term would cover the entire period of the nov-
elty of a variety, and it is only by ihe wrongful
tise of an established name that these frauds can
be made profitable, the conclusion seems to me
irresistible, that a properly guarded copyright
law would aflbrd substantial protection against
such frauds.

A^ 111 the scope of (ha( law I would suizgest
biictly. (hat any ]»ersnn who should make oath
that he bad oiigiuated a new and disdnct vari-
ety of (rees, shrubs, vines. plan(s, bulbs, tubers,
seeds or cereals, which had never been dis.semi-
na(ed. should, micler prr>per eondidons. receive a
certificate entitling him (o ]iro(ec(ion in the use
of the name he might originally adoj)! to indi-
cate that variety, for the period now given to
authors under the copyright law. with appropri-
ate damages in case of an infringement of his
rights.

Provision shfiuld be made for declaring void
certificates granted on varieties which should
prove to have been previously disseminated
in any degree, and also for rcfpiiring the origi-
nator to indicate on all specimens, and in all
advertisements of the article, the fact and date
of his copyright.

It should further jirovide thai the willful use of
a valid copyright name wi(hout authority in con-
nection with the advertisement or sale of goods
of the species to which the copyright name had
been applied, should be a penal offense, punish-
able by fine or imprisonment, as iw case of trade
mark violations.

As I have already shown, the property in
copyright thus created, if the variety to which
it might have been applied was in fact superior,
would become valua1)le ; and it may be safely
assumed that the self interest of those who hold
copyrights upon names, which shall have ac-
I quiredsufficientreputation to ofl'er any temptation
{ to their fraudulent use. will see that their rights
I are generally resjiected. and that the chances
I of having to surrender the profits of their fraud-
ulent sales and be prosecuted criminally, will
deter the great majority of those who now thrive
by frauds from continuing the same. These two
intiuences operating together cannot help secur-
ing to the public a much larger proportion of
genuine stock than it now gets, or fail to give
j to honest members of the trade a better chance
in the race than they now have.

ED IT O RIAL NOTES.

El lioi'EAN Notes by the Editor. No. 8. —
The public garden at Nottingham is called the
''Arl)oretum," and comprises, perhaps, twenty
acres, but the ground is of a more than rolling
character, and so well taken have been all the
advantages that one might really believe it was
dou1ilp the extent. This, indeed, is the most

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

121

.striking feature o*" English landscape oardening
and, for the matter of that, French garden art
also, to so make the most of ground that a very
little goes a great way. The tract was secured
hy the city in 1850, and all tliat has heen done is
wholly the work of art since that time, nature
i>iving nothing but the irregular piece of ground.

It was in a driving rain, and we expected to :
have a quiet stroll through by ourselves ; but I !
had to learn over again what I had forgotten, '
that weather like this, the half-normal condition 1
of the English climate, is no bar to the open
air enjoyments of an Englishman or woman, and :
so we found, with umbrellas and overcoats,
water-proofs and sensible, thick-soled shoes, i
some hundreds enjoying the walks through the
1)eatitiful grounds. As all the walks were
asphalted, there is no ditficult}' about this to one ,
who does not care for the rain overhead.

The eftbrt to make a small place look larire
requires great skill in its accomplisliment; and I
think it is becaust* this efibrt has been so success-
ful here that this ''Arboretum " has such a world-
wide rejnUation •, the irregular contour of sur- !
face is, of course, veiy favorable. But not only
are the paths varied in width, and led around
knolls wherever there might seem no excuse for I
going any other way. but the whole style of art .
i one c<mtinual change, and even the plants an
trees are all of separate characters as we go
along. Here, for instance, in a hollow, is a
mass of red Colchicum Maples; we follow a
winding walk, and there in a sheltered nook
come on a sort of Rhododendron garden ; pass-
ing then around a curve we come on a belt of
mixed slirubliery of tio special imjiortnnce, and
perhaps really intended to keep from us the
knowledge that we are very near some point we
went over an hour ago ; but in front of this belt
of shrubberj', and beyond the stretch of nice
green grass, there is a Sweet William garden.
'Continuing to oive way to the enchantment of
the walk, we turn again around a knoll and are
brought to face with a stretch of Laurels and other
eversi'eens, having in front of them broad belts
filled with blooming Hollyhocks, their gay
flowers showing to great advantage by the help
■of the wall of green foliage l)chind them.
Leaving the irregular masses of shrubbery, we
are then introduced for a change to a very for-
mal Privet hedge with a narrow l)order of earth
in front, and then a row of our common woolly
Mullien, Yerbescum tliapsus. as courtly and
severe as the hed^e ftself, as if each vied with
each other as to which should be the most statel}^
in the beholder's eye.

The ''Landscape Gardener "' that Downinsr, I
believe, once told al)Out, wlio took a handfull of
stones, scattered them, and where each one fell
stuck in atree, would find his "art" at a sad dis-
count here, where every yard is a new surprise.

From these curvy walks and continued succes-
sion of floral chanires, we come suddenly into
the " Bell Garden." w scpiare and level piece of
liTonnd, full of architectui-al objects, geometri-
€al lines, and carpet beds gay with liright colors
^o match.

The hell is a war trophy taken by a Notting-
ham regiment from Hong Kong in 1857. The
tower which supports it is a beautiful piece of
architecture. It stands on a broad square plat-
eau, reached on all four sides by flights of stone
steps. On the four corners of the square plat-
form are four cannon taken from Seliastapol in
the Crimean war. This war trophy seemed to give
a reason for the broad plateau, and the numer-
ous pretty beds of leaf plants and flowers spoke
as if they were the decorations in honor of the
victories gained by English arms. It is this
fitness of things, this appropriateness, this defer-
ence to the ideal, that is the chief charm of these
successful pieces of English landscape gardening.
Then there are terraces from which we look
down on smooth gardens with bedding plants,
the sunken places not looking as if they were the
remains of some old canal, the grave of which
had been florally decorated by some sympathetic
hand, but the space so cut out as' if it could
not help being just what it was, and we should
rather wonder if we saw it in any other way.
Then there are nice seats and arbors where you
can ?it and enjoy each particular scene, and see
it so well from nowhere else. Now it is some
beautiful puljlic buildings in the city, appearing
as if it was l)uilt expressl}' for yi^u to admire from
that spot. Then it may be some scene in the dis-
tant Sherwood Forest ; or, perhaps, a mass of
flower beds, water fowl and lake, parade ground
or some other nice little bit on its own ground.
The points which struck me in the beautiful
garden as ])eing particularly worth}' of note
were that it was admiral)ly designed in the first
place : and in the second, that though the common-
est materials were employed in decorations, they
were used with such admirable skill that no one
would think of them in any other light than as
the highest effort of art. It was a cheap day in
my English experience, giving one of the best
lessons in public gardening I could possibly
have.

As we cannot do more than take some types
of various classes of garden \\'t)rk, suppose we
skip over some hundred miles or moi-e in a
south-easterly direction, and spend a da}^ at the
celebrated Sydenham palace in Kent. This
also is a public garden ; but it is owned by a
private company, the idea being to do a little
gardening for profit as well as just for the pleas-
ure of the thing.

Before I left America I had been kindly furn-
ished with letters of introduction by distiniruished
Americans in various walks of liife, to different
English gentlemen ; knowing, however, that the
acceptance of liospitality and attentions, seri-
ously interferes with the seeing a great deal in a
short time by one whose busy life suflcrs him
not to farry long in one place, I seldom used
any except where it was necessary to see some
desired point not otherwise attainable. But as
the Crystal Palace project is supposed to be a
pecuniary failure, 1 was really anxious to know
more about its fmancial prosjiecf than I could learn
l)y looking about alone. Finding a letter in my
wallet to Mr. Thomas Iluuhes, the President, I

122

THE GARDENER'S MJNrHLY

I4pri/r

(lott'nniiii'fl lu iiKikc use of it. ;i> I uiidtTstood In-
was (III tlu' L'loiiiiil. I \v;i> (lircctiil lo a room as
(lu> Sfirctaiv's (ttlifc. At tin- lar cml Wfic two
or tliri'r cli-i-ks Itusy willi tliiMi- pens. It was some
timo lu'lon' tlicso Lrcntlrmt'ii (Ici^nfd to laki' any
notii-t' of my in(|iiiry il' Mr. Iluirlics was to be
tbuiKl. One at last caiiu-to me Imrricdly, and on
my n'])i'atinir tlio tiin'stUm lie rcplii'd sharply
that he was. hut was ('ii;;aii(Ml and could not he
seen. JU'foro scarcoly tlnishinu' his answci- he
was ofV, and at his dosk attain. Tln-ro was nolh-
inu loft hut to lollow him. wIk*!! I explained
that I was fntm America, and was the heai-er of
a letter I'roin a friend of Mr. Ilniihes. and where
(•ould he he seen ? "You can't see Mr. llunhes
now. hut you can leave the letter with me, or
you can see the Secretary in that ntnm." I
walked into that room, found it empty, came
hack and so reported. "Well,l doiTt know where
lie is." was the husy man's reply, and he went
on with his pen work. It did not seem to
mo a matter of supreme imi)ortance to see Mr.
Iluirhes. I should probably learn somethintj by
ear I could not by eye, but then there was quite
enough to keep eye and brain employed without
that, so I did not see Mr. ITuiihes and walked
awaj' ; and the only reason! mention the circum-
stance is to say that such incivility is extremely
rare in p]ni;land. I I'ound ollicials occasionally
curt, especially on one occasion at ]?ri<4liton, but
the mention of the word "American"' had in
every other instance, been a complete passport
to polite attention, in many cases to a degree I
was quite surprised at.

It was an admirable idea to preserve this
building — the first hi the inauiiuratiou of these
wonderful exhil)its; and it is to be hoped that
the enterprise which has staked so much on the
venture will be ultimately successful. The
l)uildin<; itself is a sort of a combination of the
Main p]xhibition].uildin<r and Horticultural Hall
of our Centennial. Iluue Acacias. Myrtles,
New Holland Araucarias, with numerous han<r-
iiiii baskets oi' Rose (Tcraniums. interspersed with
dolphin fountains, adorn the main promenade,
while the side portions are used for the various
collections f)f art. music halls, c^c.

The grounds are pretty, but I must say that,
considering the reputation of the landscape gar-
dener. Paxtoii. I believe, it did not strike me as
a first-class specimen of art. In my poor
ophiion, it was terraced, va.^ed, and fountained
to death. The fountains had no water in them,
and the lakes were chiefly dark mud and weeds,
rt may be, perhaps, that it was a bad season for
these features; and, indeed, the lawns were as
brown and burnt as any I ever saw in our own
hot-summered country. There is a huge mound,
which, after you reach its crown, you wonder
what it was made for, for there is no view from
it, and it seems almost incredible that it should
have been thrown up for no other purpose than
to make a base for the flag pole which surmounts
it. Indeed, it seemed to be the weak point in
the designing of these grounds, that there was
no ideal; it is mere ornamentation with
nothing to ornament. This ornamentation, in

itself, was licauliful. Tlic f.uiMl Iiedding was
elaborate and lasli I'ul. and I .>-aw few specimens
of such work in ICnL'land that was its sunerior-
It is worthy of note, that with all our ideas of
the superiority of the KnL.'lish cliuiate for garden-
ing, they have but a very short season in whiidi
to enjoy it, comiiared with what we have. It
was then the Kith of .Inly, and some of the beds
were only beiny jilanted. It takes thousands
and thousands of jilants to carry out the bedding
of the English gardeners, because, owing to their
sboi't seasons, they have to set the i)lanfs very
close together, so that, a day or two after the
planting, the bed is a complete carpet at once..
As they have frosts often in September, they
have generally little more than two months tok
enjoy these beautiful eflt'cts.

I must pass by the beauties of Hyde Park, and
the numerous public parks of London, and take
only one for my brief space to make a few notes
on, as I thought it the best of its class — Batter-
sea Park. It is some miles up the Thames from
the heart of London, but the steamer takes you
for a few pence, and it seems a very cheap ride;
but when I remembered our own beautiful river
boats, with their numerous comforts and con-
veniences, I had to remember the lesson I fre-
quently had taught me in my traveling experi-
(Mices, that Europe was a mucii cheaper place to
live in than Ameriia. provided you bought
nothing. Of course I knew Battersea of all my
old haunts. Althou<ih over thirty years ago, I
ran my mind through its slimy ditches, and cab-
bage gardens, and wild grass, and felt sure I
could go right to* the spot where we botanical
lioys used to go to get our Rumex Brittanicus.
and other rare (for those parts) species of Docks,
for these fields wei'c our favorite hunting
grounds. But it was not to be, for all around'
were beautiful buildings, and a beautiful park
was on that very spot. It is perfectly amazing
how young old Eondon is. If the author of
•''Flora Londoniensis " could see it now, he
would want to emigrate to the I'nited States.
There is scarcely room even for a dock to grow
about old Jjondon now.

It was. for England, an uncomfortably warm
day, though the thermometer was only 70°, and
we began to long for some of the pleasant, cool-
ing Summer drinks of our OAvn land. There was
a fair looking restaurant at the park entrance,
with arbors of living vines, and seats and tables
that seemed pleasant eiK^ugh. People at the
tables were indulging in the favorite national
beverage, while our eyes caught si^ht of '' Ices '^
on a piece of pasteboard swinging in the wind.
It came in a sort of sherry glass, and in a mo-
ment had wholly disappeared. It was a very
honneopathic dose I'or so serious an ailment,
so we had to take comfort from a newsjiaper by
us, which gave a terrible account of the awful
death of some one a few days before from eating
ice cream. It w^as terrible to think of dying so
far away from home, so we asked for glasses of
" very cold water," and goblets holding nearly a
quart were brought to us. Still it would not go.
"We had taken nothini: which need('«l an emetic.

l^TS.]

.-V A D H OR TICUL TURIS T.

123

so we timidly inquired for ice, and to our great
delight some chunks soon tloated in the liquid.
I cannot describe the curiosity with which we
were regarded by those in the vicinity as w-e sat
indulging in that delicious drink; and, relating
the, to us, amusing incident a day or two after,
while dining with a leading English nurseryman,
he assured us that he did not wonder at it, for he
did not remember that he had ever tasted ice
water in his life !

But we were nicely cooled off, and started for
a tour round the park. It seems to Imve an out-
line of a])out two miles, and has much of the
continually varying character of the Notting-
ham arboretum, alread}' described, only with
more room; there is, of course, a much greater
variation, and these variations of a much more
elaborate character. The land is flat and the
great worJc has to be wholly one of art. The
ancient ditches, to which we have referred, have
been gathered into great lakes, and scores of
boats with ladies in them showed that the
healthy exercise of rowing was a feminine ac-
complishment. There were more varieties of
American trees here than I had seen anywhere,
the Silver Maple especially in considerable
quantity, but it does not grow Avith the vigor it
does in our river bottoms at home. Among the
specialties of this park were bark basket beds
which had painted cable rope for borders ; beds
wholly of Moss roses, then beds of other roses,
forming regular rose gardens ; beds of Zonale
geraniums, in which immense quantities of one
kind would be massed ; and only imagine a gar-
den in which the tobacco was the leading leaf
plant of beauty, while the purple Senecio or
Tacoboia formed a sort of base color between the
large tobacco leaves. The sub-tropical garden
is a special feature of Battersea Park. To this
end palms, tree ferns, Indian rubbers, and simi-
lar things in pots and tubs are sunk in the
ground for the Summer. It is a principal ele-
ment in giving the great variety this park pos-
sesses, and so far a success. Then there are
rock gardens; and of this we must sayit seemed
the most successful attempt at rock-woi'k we
over saw, and does great credit to its designer,
Mr. Pulham. The stones in some places are
arranged so as to resemble natural strata, in
which effort considerable geological knowledge
must have been called into service. Then to
make the work look still more natural, across on
the opposite side of the wide ]il;iin, rocks are ar-
ranged in a very similar way, so that the way ap-
pears as a gulch through the rock torn out by na-
ture. Then rock-loving bush(>s and genuine rock
])lants are introduced among the rocks with little
rills and cascades ; all so natural and yet so beau-
tiful that you stand and look enraptured, not
thinking of it as a work of art, but only wonder-
ing why you had not met with so charming a
sight in the wild haunts of nature before. I had
often heard of the carpet beds and tropical gar-
dening of this park, but never of its wild rock
garden, but to me it was the loveliest of all.
The carpet beds, to -be sure, are exquisitely
beautiiul. They were real carpets, for the leaf
plants are kept down by scissors and shears to

a perfect level, and no color is allowed to in-
trude a hair's breadth on the line marked out
for another. The plants used are all the same
as we use for "massing;" for carpet bedding, as
understood here, is almost unknown in our land.
We have mosaics, but no carpets. I had noted a
silvery plant used in these carpet productions
not found in our gardening, and desirous to
know its name, with the inquiry I handed my
card to one of the foremen, as I had found by
experience the value of an American card in
obtaining kind consideration. After saying the
plant was Leucophyton Brownii, and looking at
the card he observed that one of the honorable
Commissioners of the London parks was on the
ground, and he w^as sure he would not be forgiv-
en if he allowed me to go without an introduc-
tion. I knew what this meant ; and as I had cut
out for part of my day's work the use of one of
my American letters to James McHenry, Esq..
wiiom I had understood had a model suburban
garden, and which I might take as a tvpe of that
style of English gardening, it was not without
some reluctance that I went with my new found
friend and was introduced to Mr. Rogers. On
reading my name he treated me with the utmost
cordiality, and was kind enough to say there
was no one from America whose visit to the
park gave him more pleasure than this of one
with whose Avritings he had ])een so long famil-
iar ; and there was no help for it, I had to go
over the pretty grounds again. And yet I was
not sorry, for we cannot do more than learn
wherever we are, and I found Mr. Rogers a gen-
tleman remarkably well versed in horticultural
taste, and I could not but wish that all park
commissions were as ably and intelligently
served. From Mr. R. I learned that there are
occasionally changes among the personnel of
Park Boards as with us, but the Secretary of
the Board, and all other ofticers of Departments
are in a measure permanent, and this ensures
the carrying out of a uniform plan of manage-
ment. There is no waste of public funds which
follow changes, and no useless otticers. There
are two hundred acres in the park, and notwith-
standing the many varied details, all un-
der one foreman. There are men who have-
charge of divisions, who were first taken as
laborers; these are "advanced men." The
number of guards vary with the seasons. At
times when thousands throng the park they may
be as high as sixty. The lowest numl)cr is ahoiU
sixteen. The plants for bedding purfxisi's are all
raised on the grounds. Fur these purposes
there are eight greenhouses, each 2U feet by 100.
besides frames. It may give some idea of tiie
immense luimber of plants required for orn:i-
mentation of this character, when I say that i.i
the beds this season there were no less tha'i
7.') ,000 Lobelias, and 48,000 Geraniums. So grea; .
however, is the national love of gai-dcniuL;-
among all classes, that whatever feehng there
may be against public exi)enditures, those on
paiks and public gardens are rarely objected t<'.

The Boston Public Treks. — A correspDU-
dent writes that in our remarks on trees for

'IIIK GAKni-M'K'S MOXllll.Y

lAprii,

llowfis valm-tl at SI ,22'. I ; seeds s^l 1 ,2(i;?, and of
dutiable arliele were i)ull)s, Si .">47 ; dried ^Tasses,
si .CUT; seeds, Sirj.Sf)! ; trees anil plaiils, S;r),721);
of other arliclos of a more aLirieidlnral eharae-
ter on wliieh duties were paid, were S150,()0()
worth of jjotatoes, perha|)s Ironi lierniuda in
early crops.

Wiiv (;.\i{I)Km:ks siioiLi) M.MtitY. — As
note<l elsewhere, the "a^ent" lias hern (rai)ped
and eauuht by the Gahdknkk'.s Monthly
folks, after he has had. lor over a year, the
<,'ood ])iekini; under his "a<j;ency" for many
other i>ei'iodicals, seed houses, an("l nurserymen,
and eould not be eauLrht. We learn that one
izardener near (iermantown was saved by the
Uood sense of his wife. He had a^'rced (o <iet
(he Gakdknkij's Monthly, "'to be weekly, in
I future, with no increase in price," and the
" shears,'' aiul he went rejoiciuir to (he. house for
the 82 for the ijentleman, who politcdy assured
him that ••' he need not pay the money now until
; after he got the magazine, if he did not want to;
j but as he liad the receii)ts at liand it miiiht save
trouble to pay at once." But the wifi; forcibly
incjuired what he was "after in paying out money
[ to a stranger," which happy thought struck the
gardener as sensible, and so " Mr. AVaters" was
asked to "call again." A wife like that is a
treasure to any man, and ^School Jjane. German-
town, should be proud of her. It seeins clear
that a man who consults his wife before giving
I money to a bogus agent, has decidedly the best
I of it, and we recommend the practice to those
! who have never .J)een visited l)y Mr. "Waters.
! or C. E. Anderson, oi- any such man.

I Bakwix and Bkyant. — The portraits of the
I philosopher and jjoet, as published, have astrik-
j ing resemblance to each other.

Prof. Riley in Europe. — We noticed re-
'cently the misconceived criticism of an Euro-
I pean author on Prof. Riley's work. We note
I that they are not all of that gentleman's o]iin-
ion. Prof. Charles -Toly, in La Science PoiirtniH,
ending a review of the work of Prof. Riley
relative to Doryphoi-a, says : "We do not hesi-
tate to highly commend the labors of a man
Avho is an honor to the learning and intelligence
of his counti'3'."

Transactions of the Minnesota Horti-
1 cultural Society. — From Prof. Charles Y.
1 Lacy, Secretary, St. Paul. There are few trans-
actions of so truly a horticultural cbai'acter.
The work of the society covers every bi-auch of
j the art. and the work is done well. Those who
think the State can grow nothing but crab
apples, will learn better by reading this volume.

Drew's Window Garden. — Our correspond-
ent, Mr. Drew, has Avritten a small pamphlet on
Window Gardening, which may be had for 25
cents of Geo. W. Park, Mount Vernon, O.

Horticultural Importations.— Those re- ! Mr. Robinson's Wild Garden. — Of a new
ceived into the port of Philadelphia from edition of this work a recent notice tells us :
Eui'ope have not been heavy the past year. Of *" Illustrations for a re-written and beautifully
articles not subject to duty, there were dried illustrated edition of this book are now being

l)ublic urounds some injustice mi<rht be done.
Among articles furnished to th(> iioston author-
ities were some for which they i)aid s]."i() per
IdO. Tiiis was a subject for investigation by the
city. It is contended that the price was not ex-
horbitant, but was the regular wholesale rates
of that irrade of i»lants in this counlr^v. It is
said thai the investigating ccnnmittee reported
substantially to this etVect. Sq far as this par- '
ticular case may be referred lo l)y our remarks,
lie thinks that one should be excluded.

The Post-office Ruler Again. — Tlic Post-
oHicc schoolmast(M- is after I^ncle Samuel's bad
boys again, and the hands have to be held out ;
for the ruler. Now that our reformed Congress
has re-enacted the franking privilege for its
members, so that their dirty linen can be sent
free throu>rh the mails to their laundries at i
home, horticulturists have to be looked after,
and their lin'ilities cut down to the lowest possi-
ble ebl). In all large cities a special agent has
been appointed, whose duty is to open packages '
and examine their contents. The smallest
package must be "• open at the ends," or it is
.subject to letter postage. It has been hitherto
thought to be cjuite sufficient that the general
envelope be open, but now every o or 10 cent
package of flow^er seeds must be " open at the
ends," as well as the main Avrapper ; even
good Mr. Cresswell's "transpan-nt wrapper"
will pass no more now. On making iiupury at the
Philadelphia post-oflice whether, in the case of
coarse seeds, bags sewn at the ends roughly, so
that the seeds could be examined through the
stitches, would do, we were told it would not.
The package must be so that " the whole interior
can be easily examined."

It is strange that in these days, when a person
can send a message by a penny j^ostal card, that
a great Government like ours should imagine its
"customers" would steal a mes.sage through
under cover of a package of seeds or cuttings.
The whole of these " rules " are insulting to the
American people. The fact is, there is no idea
that any one will cheat the Government out of a
penny postal card in this way. Thi^ real inten-
tion is to favor the express companies as much
as possible, by embarrassing the postage of
seeds and cuttings through the mail, and this
makes the insulting insinuation that we are all
on the alert to rob the (Government of a penny
message the more unbearable. It will not do,
in the face of the liberal postal facilities of other
countries, not to seem to be as liberal as they are
to their people, so our (Government can pretend
to be progressive also, and then so embaiTass
the working of the law as to make it practically
useless.

The express companies have gained a new
triumph, and all under the pretence that we will
" diddle " the Government out of a penny postal
card !

1878.]

AND HOR TICUL TURJS T.

125

drawn in black and white by some of the best
artists in London and Paris. These illustrations
will show some of the results already obtained,
and sugoe.sts what is possible with many types
of vecetation. This book is written in the inter-
est of the most charming phase of picturesque
gardening, and we should be greatly obliged to
any persons interested in such for permission to
see any photogra])hs or sketches showing beauti-
ful flower life in a wild or semi-wild state.
What is wanted are not portraits of individual
flowers, but wreaths, fringes, or colonies of them
as they arrange themselves in a wild state, or are
permitted to do so in the garden. American
readers would also greatly oblige by letting us
know if any photographs are obtainable showing
flower life in the Northern, Eastern, Western, or
Pacitic States."

HoRTicrLTUKAL CATALOGUES. — We have
several hundreds of catalogues before us, a

large proportion asking " please notice." We
would gladly do this if we had four or five pages
to spare ; for, indeed, the greater part of theni!
are extremely creditable and deserving of all'
praise.

The RukalNew Yorker. — We do not know
that any one should care to have more than his
money's worth in a good paper when he sub-
grribes therefor the full subscription price, but
if it is to be, the Rural New Yorker^ s ofter of a
"combined clock and watch," seems about as
good as any. We cannot, however, recommend
a subscription on this account, for the paper is
all any reasonable person ought to expect with-
out it.

That Bogus Agent. — He has been caught at
last, and as we are writing this is in prison, in
Philadelphia, awaiting trial, for though he is
" such a nice young man," he could get no one
to go bail for his appearance.

Horticultural Societies.

EDITORIAL NOTES.

ADDRESS OF :MARSHALL P. WILDER. j

Concluded. j

Pomological Literature. — Among the most
important agencies which have contributed
largely to the advancement of the pomology of
our country, we desire to speak especially of its
literature. One hundred years ago this had not
begun to exist in our country. Then there was
not an agricultural, horticultural or pomological
society, not a periodical or paper devoted to the
cause of terraculture. When the Philadelphia
and the Massachusetts Societies for Promoting
Agriculture were formed, our only pomological
literature was limited to a small number of
European works. These were, as far as possible,
collected in the libraries of these societies, and
we early trace the beginnings of an American
pomological literature in papers contributed to
the publications of these same societies. The
first of these communications appeared in the
Massachusetts Agricultural Repository in 179f),
on the natural history of the canker worm. In
this paper Prof. Peck gave a very full account
of th's insect, still so injurious to our apple trees.
This attention on the part of agricultural socie-
ties to fruit culture has continued and increased
to the present day, and I am of the opinion that
however much we may be indebted to the State
societies and other prominent organizations, we
owe much to the unpretending reports of local
societies for the interest which now pervades the
masses and i)opularizes pomological knowledge.
All of these may be counted in the history and
literature of American pomology. Many of
these are not only examples of real practical
knowledge, but are highly creditable for their
literary and scientific character. From these,
our own publications have derived much of the
information which gives them their excellence,

all combining to make up the literature of Amer-
ican pomology. Only fifty years ago the difficulty
of obtaining correct" information from our own
countrymen in regard to fruit trees and the cul-
ture of them, wa^ almost insuperable, and we
were compelled to resort to such European,
authors as we could obtain. But those of the-
seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, such as
Merlet, Quintinye, Duhamel, and the like, were
in foreign languages, and not generally available
for our uses if we except the "iPomologia" of the-
Dutch gardener, Herman Knoop, wiiich had
been translated. It was not, however, until
about the beginning of the present century, even
in these countries,' that the new enterprise in
fruit culture, which characterizes the present age,
had sprung up. The publications of Van Mons
in Belgium, Forsyth and Knight in England,
and Poiteau and Noisette, in France, awakened
a new interest in their own and other lands, but
it was reserved for a later day, when their suc-
cessors, George Lindle^v , Thompson, Rivers and
Hogg of Engtand ; Esperen, Bivort and Berck-
mans, of Belgium ; Decaisne, Leroy and ^Mas, of
France, and others of our own land, should
infuse into che minds of cultivators that new
zeal hi fruit culture which has now spread
throughout our own continent. But it was not
until the estal)lisliinent of horticultural societies
in the I'nited States, such as New York, in 181S,
the Pennsylvania and Massachusetts, in 1828
and 182".», and the publication of their proceed-
ings, that the glorious era in which we live com-
menced the development of our wonderful fruit
resources. The first strictly' pomological work
pul)lished in America was Coxe's "View of the
('ultivation of Fruit Trees," which appeared in
1817.

Through foreign correspondence and commer-
cial intercourse, "the zeal which had been awa-
kened in Europe soon extended itself to our
shores; trees, scions and pomological books of
foreign origin, were freely added to our own

\-ir,

rill-: cARni-.M'.K's moxi'iii.)

[.//-/■//.

(•()llfi!iiiiis. Sociciit :> wtif r<iriiHii, inw iiursci-
ics «'«-lMl>lislifiL (MtaloLrucs pu!)lislic(l. ;iih1 w i;imi-
i>ral (k'siic iiiaiiitVstcil lor lu-w ami iinjirovrd
Imils.

In tliis iu>\v I'uti'rpiisc. Coxc. nl' New Jorspy ;
llosark, Hiifl, aiul David TIiDinas, of New
York; Aleasi', Carr, aiul Liuidrcth, of Pennsyl-
vania ; Lowt-U, Manniuij and Downer of Massa-
<'linsetts; Yonng, of Kcntui-ky ; Smith, of Rhode
Island; Ives, and Minison of Cikuneetieut ;
<'orse, of Canada ; llildreth, Loni,Mvorth, and
Kirtland. of Ohio ; Corse and Uoi,'ers of Mary-
land: Kenicott and Dunlap, of Illinois, and
olIuTs — soon beeanie aetively engaeed.

We have s])oken of the early publications of
Ilorlieultural Soeieties, hut there is another class
of ])iiblieations to which we are even more
indebted. In 1S1',». appeared the forerunner of
tlu' present host of ALrricuUural i)apers, the
American F(irm.ei\ which still conlinui's in a
jjreen old age, and it is a pleasant coincidence
that we meet in the city where this lirst journal
saw the light of day, and whose editor is the
Secretary of the society whose, hospitality we
are now enjoying.

Then came the New England Farmer^ the
Genesee Farmer, and the Alhany Cultivator^
through whose columns information began to be
widely disseminated. Then came the fruit books
and publications of the elder and younger Prince, i
Thacher, Manning, Kenrick, the Downings, |
John J. Thomas, Ilovey. Barry. Brinckle, War-
der, Hooper, Elliot, Field, Fulbn- and others.
Nor should we fail to mention as powerful agents
in advancing (he cause, Hovey's Magazine of
Jlorficiilturp\ the Horticulturist, the Ga'hi)EXEI!'s
Monthly, and the American Journal of Horti-
culture. Another class of pomological literature
deserves prominent recognition, viz. : the host
of descriptive catalogues. of our nur-
serymen, many of which are of the
most reliable, instructive and interesting
character. Ultimately, as a consummation much
to be desired, came the Proceedings of the Amer-
ican Pomological Society for the last twenty-
nine 3'ears, eml)racing in consolidated form the
reports of the A^arious States and districts, the
■discussions, the catalogues of fruits adapted to
each section of our country, and other informa-
tion, such as is nowhere else to be found in the
history of pomological literature. Through
these publications the reputation of our Ameri-
can fruits has attracted the attention of foreign-
ers, so that European catalogues now possess
many names of American varieties.

NECItOLOGY.

But while I congratulate you on the prosperity
of our institution, on itsincreasin<; inlluence, and
on the lively interest manifested in its objects
throughout our country, I am reminded of the
absence of some who have labored with us for
the promotion of our cause. Since our last ses-
sion, there have been removed l)y death the fol-
lowing persons, wiio have held otheial positions
in the Society : Dr. Benjamin F. Edwards, of
Missouri; William Blanchard Towne, of New

llamp>liire; Hartbtt Bryant, of Vermont: Dr.
Kdwin S. Hull, of Illin<>is; Daniel W. Coit, of
(,'(»nnec(l(U( : and Dr. .lohn S. Ilou^h(on,of Pemi-
sylvania.

' Dr. Benjamin V. l-'dwards. of Kirkwood, Mis-
soin-i, held the olHce of Vice-President for that
State from IMIT lo 'Ci'.), and again in 187') ami '77.
He was l)oru in Darnestown. Maryland, .Inly 2,
17*.>7, and died at his beauliful residence iu Kirk-
wood, .Vpril '27, 1H77, at the ripe age of eighty
years, llis love of liorliculture and kin<lred itur-
suits commenced early in life. He was intimately
associated in tlu! cultur(! of the grape with .Mi-.
Longworth, of Ohio nnteiving cuttings from
him of all the nativi", and foreign grapes, which
he .scattered among the most enterprisiu'r of his
mnnerous patients, and which made ^ladison
county one of the first in the State in gra})e cul-
ture. He established a large vineyard in Jeffer-
son county, on the German plan of close plant-
ing, having fifty varieties of grapes, which he
eventually reduced to four: the Concord, Ives,
Norton and Herbemont. His interest in all mat-
ters pertaining to horticulture continued through
life. Dr. Edwards had lived in Kentucky and
Illinois for a time, but he finally removed to St.
Louis, with a great reputation as a physician,
which in after life he fully maintained. Even in
his busy profession, he constantly bought to pro-
mote all benevolent and Christian enterprises,
Ijelieving "that what he had belonged to God,
and was given to him to be used for His cause."
He was carried to his grave in a full old age,
universally beloved and respected. ]Many of us
well remember his introduction as the oldest
Vice-President at Chicago, and his appropriate
reply; also his affectionate speech at St. Louis,
as he placed a wreath presented by the ladies of
that city, on the head of your pi'esiding officer.

William Blanchard Towne, a Vice-President
of this Societv for New Hampshire, was born in
Bow, N. II., October 12, 181U, and died suddenly
in Boston, April 10, 1S7G, agedG5. He was in
early life emiiloyed in farming; afterwards a
merchant in Boston. He was Treasurer of the
New England Historic-Genealogical Society, and
one of its Vici'-Presidents, and an active member
of the New Hampshire Historical Society; Pres-
ident of the Skowhegan National Bank, and the
Milford Five-Cent Savings Institution, and mem-
ber of the New Hampshire J^'gislature in l872-7:>.
Some years ago he purchased his father's home-
stead in Milford, and took a deep interest in the
exhibitions of his State and county. Mr. Towne
was a very useful man, and universally respect-
ed.

Bartlett Bryant, a Vice-President of this Soci-
ety for the State of Vermont, was born at Han-
over, New Hampshire, Feb. 26. 1822, and died at
Derby Centre, April 26, 1876. He was from
earl}' life attached to the cultivation of fruits,
and feeling the need of hardy fruits in his region
he established nurseries in Stanstead, Canada
and in Derby Centre a>id Enosburg, Vermont,
introducing new fruits, and doing a large business
in the distribution of hardy trees in the north and
north-west, especially with regard to our colder

1878,]

AND HORriCULTURIST.

127

regions. No man, says a friend, has done more
in the last twenty-two years in the promulgation
of choice, hardy fruits than Mr. Bryant, for which
his name will be honored in our north-eastern
lioundaries. His success in grafting the apple
on the crab stock, to prevent injuries by frost,
and the planting of large orchards of the crab
varieties, and other very hardy apples, is well
known. He was also much engaged in stock
raising, especially of fine horses, possessing nine
farms, and at the time of his defith, large nurser-
ies of fruit trees. He was a benevolent man,
having made donations for schools, orphan
chiklren, etc., and his loss was much deplored.

Dr. Edwin S. Hull, of Alton, Illinois, was
bora in Connecticut, May, 1810, and died at his
residence Nov. 8, 1875. In 1844 he removed to
tlie famous Hull farm, near Alton. He planted
large orchards of fruit trees and soon became a
leader in this line. As frequently is the case in
new enterprises, he met with disappointments in
his culture, but, never discouraged, he contended
with the evils of insects, blight, etc., ever looking
forward to better results which made him an au-
thority on such subjects He gave much study
to the character and depredation of insects, espe-
cially the curculio, and invented methods for its
destruction. He wrote extensively on the causes
of pear blight, and his efforts by root-pruning to
prevent it. He aided largely in founding the
Alton Horticultural Society, of which he was
President ; was State Pomologist ; a member of
our Committee on Foreign Fruits for 1807 and
'(18, and President of the Illinois State Horticul-
tural Society , and for several years was horticultu-
ral editor of the Prairie Farmer. Many of us will
remember how courteousl}', as President of the
Illinois Horticultural Society, he welcomed us
at Chicago two years since, when he said, ''these
meetings bring us together from the North,
South, East, West, and British Provinces, to form
friendships stronger than any political ties,"
and expresse(i the hope that at no distant day
we should meet again. These hopes were blasted,
for in a few weeks he passed into the spirit
world.

Daniel Wadsworth Coit, at the time of his
decease, was the oldest person who had held
m(Mnl)ership or office in our Society. He was
born in Norwich, Conn., in 1787, and died in that
city on the 18th of July, 1870, in the 90th year of
his age, under the majestic elms where his widow
now resides. Early in life he was engaged
in New York in commercial pursuits, and highly
respected as a merchant. In 18l!> he went to
Peru, where he resided for some seven years, in
])usiness relations with England, America and
Spain, having more than once crossed the Andes,
visiting the mountains and the ruined cities of the
Incas. He repeatedly visited Europe and ])artic-
ularly Spain, in whose schools of art he took a
great interest. In 1840 he returned to his native
homc! ; Init just before the breaking out of the
war with Mexico he went to that city, where he
was established in business for awliile. From
Mexico he went by way of Acapulco to Califor-
nia, where he was for some years engaged in

business. On his return to his home at Norwich,
he devoted the remainder of his life to horticul-
tural pursuits with as muth energy and enterprise
as he had given to mercantile affairs. As a cul-
tivator of fruits and flowers he was one of the
most scientific and successful of our times,
proving all of the novelties and retaining onh'
those in his opinion most worthy. He was
formerly Chairman of the Fruit Committee for
Connecticut. His good taste and discrimination
made him an authority in the selection of the
finest fruits. Mr. Coit was somewhat distin-
guished as an artist, and during his wanderings
exercised his skill in making slvctches which are
of great merit. These, together with those which
he had collected in Europe and America, he left
to his family, among which are views in Lima
and Mexico, the ruined cities of the Incas, of the
Cordilleras, and especially sketches of San Fran-
cisco, then only a group of rough huts. His j^kill
he retained to the close of life, and his works are
prized not onl}^ as mementoes but as works of
art.

Dr. John Skillin Houghton, of Philadelphia,
was born in Dedham. Mass., Oct. 18, 1816, and
died suddenly in Philadelphia, Dec. 11, 187G.
Dr. Houghton was an active worker in the field
of pomology and horticulture, and was chairman
of the State Committee for Pennsylvania from
1809 to 1873. For many years he was a zealous
experimenter in fruit culture, and although he
failed to make it profitable he exerted an influ-
ence that was widely felt. His pear orchard
consisted at one time of many thousand trees.
He experimented extensively on the cutting and
pinching-in system with pears, for the production
of fruit, even at the expense of the vitality of the
trees. He was a great worker and an invalua-
ble member of the Pennsylvania Horticultural
Society — full of enterprise, energy and despatcli
— andliis death was much regretted.

Nor can I close this record without recogniz-
ing the sudden death of one of our members at
Chicago, whither he went to attend our meeting.
I allude to Mr. Samuel H. Colton, delegate from
the Worcester Horticultural Society of ^lassa-
chusetts, who died at the Grand Pacific Hotel iia
that city on the 13th day of September, 1870.
Mr. Colton was largely interested in horticultu-
ral pursuits, and formerly in the nursery business.
He was an influential member of the above
named society, and for many years its treasurer.
He took great pleasure in discussing and dissem-
inating native fruits, was a freijuent correspond-
ent of horticultural journals, and for some years
editor of the Massachusetfs Spi/. He was also a
director in the Quinsigamond Bank, and treas-
urer of the People's Fire Insurance Company,
and was a gentleman of sterling worth, most
amiable in his disposition, and upright in all the
relations of life.

Thus, three Vice-Presidents, and three others
who have held official rt^lations. have been re-
moved sisice our last meeting. They have gone
before us, their ])laces have been made vacant,
and are now filled by others. How long we shall
remain, is only known to Him who holds the

1*2S

I'lii-: (;.ih'/)/\/h-s Mo.y ////.)

{.ApnU

issues (if lit'f in lijs Imiuls. Soiiu- ul' our lives art-
\vt'lliiii;ii spi'ui, ;iiul iTc wo nu't't ai^iiiii our sun
will have set below the liori/on ol" I his world.
Let (lieu these lessons of inoi'lalit y prompt us to
greater diliijenee for the proniolion ol' our cause.

CONC'Ll'.SION.

Siaudinir here as eonservators ol" Ainerieau
l'ouu)loi;y, enjoyinLT as we do sueh poeuliar privi-
k\t;es for research aiul discovery, let us use evory
etlbrt to advance our cause l»y diligent
experiment and observation, so tliat as
we come up from session to session, we
may add something to the common stock
of information, and thus develop for the
good of m.ankiud the rich treasures which our
><(ience has in store for the world. Thus let us
work «n, hand in hand, to scatter these ble.ssings
broadcast through the land. Others may seek
for the honors of public life or the victories of
war, which too often carry with them the recol-
lection of wounded hearts and painful disappoint-
ments. IJut let us continue to work on, feelmg
assured that our labors will caus(> no regret. As
Mrs. Sigourney has beautifully versilied my
former remark —

•'No siliii; in the bosom ol memory we're leaving,
No stain on the pinion of time."

Let us commence the new century in the history
of our Republic with increased enterprise and
zeal for the promotion of our cause, and should
any of us be called from our lal)ors on earth, let
us feel as.sured that others will continue the w'ork
we have begun, and carry it forward to still
greater perfection. Let the successes of the past
stimulate us to greater exertions for the future.
Let us work on, full of hope, regardless of ;ill ob-
stacles.

"Still achieving, still pursuing,"'

until we shall reach that better land where the
garden shall have no blight, fruits no decay, and
where no serpent lurks l)eneath the bower —
where harvests are not ripened by the succession
of seasons — where the joys of fruition shall not
be measured by the lapse of time.

lIouTlClTLTURE IN CALIFORNIA. — A Horti-
cultural Society has been formed at Los Ange-
los, the first, we believe in the State.

New York Horticultural Society.— At
the March meeting of this Society, Mr. Boileau,
who has charge of Trinity Cemetery, and is an
enthusiastic landscape gardener, addressed the
Society on the pruning of fruit trees, having pear
and apple trees to illustrate his method. He
made an admirable exposition of this subject,
and was listened to with marked attention. Hya-
cinths, Camellias, Azalias, Carnations, Bego-
nias, Orchids and Pelargoniums had ])remiums
awarded to them.

The Kentucky Horticultural Society
has determined to compete for the Wilder medal
to be aVvarded at the meeting of the American
Pomological Society, to be held at Nashville,
Tenn., hi September, 1879. This medal is given
to such societies only as make a meritorious
display of fruits. The Kentucky society expects

III iilaee upon the tal)les not less ihau one tiiou-
sand plates of fruit.

.\L\I£VLANI> IIoKTK rLTlIIAI.SoflETY.— Tlu'

practice of having instructive talks about the
objects exhibited we are pleased to see is grow-
ing. At the Feb. meeting of this Society Mr.
AVm. Fraser, who has demonstrated in tlie con-
servatory at Paltei-son Park, how in practice the
l)(>st results are ol)taiiied in jilant growth, read
an excvllent paper, on Ibis interesting sultject
tracts in our next. Mr. Peiitland made a s])irited
little speech, bearing rather severely on the
deliciency of tloml dis]>lay and taste in
JJaltimore as compareil with some other
cities; and the President. Mr. Perot, made
some remarks on the adaptation of gloxi-
nias, achimenes and similar subjects, to the orna-
mentation of the greenhouse in summer.

The committee gave a special commendation
to a seedling Carnation *'Waverly," shown by
August Hoeh, for its large and brilliant llowerrs,
free-blooming (jualilies and great frairrance ; to
James Pentland for his seedling Camelia, "Stone-
wall Jackson,'' exhiliited for the tirst time, of
good form and color and beautifully variegated;
to "W. I). Brackenridge for a specimen in llower
of^Iahonia japonica; to S. Feast & Sons for cut
Camellias, Roses, Pansies and White Hyacinths :
to Captain Snow for line display of Orchid
liloonis; to Rolit. J. Halliday for a general col-
lection, including a tine Pandanus Veitchii; and
to Patterson Park (Win. Fraser, Supt.) for a
handsome and well-tilled table, including nota-
bly well-grown specimens of Phajus Wallachi.
Abutilons John Hopkins and Darwinii, &c.

Massachusetts Horticultural Society.—
At the meeting on March 2d the best winter pear
exhibited was decided to be the Beurre D'Anjou,
from J. V. Wellington ; the next liest w^inter
variety from the same. C. E. Grant's JJaldwins^
were the best winter apples. Mr, John PL Bar-
ker received a vote of thanks on his retirement
from long and active service as chairman of the
Floral Committee. A testlmomial of tluve crayon
photographs of himself was presented to Mr. Park-
man for his distinguished services to Horticul-
ture. lIon.M. P. Wilder ])resentcd a copy bound
of all his speeches and addresses.

The jiresident read the following letter, which
had been received by him :

' The undersigned, intrusted in advancing a
practical taste for floriculture, ospecially among
the children of the laboring classes, desire that
the ^lassachusetts Horticultural Society shall
oiler jirizes for window gardening, and conduct
all the business of advertising, exhibiting and
awarding prizes necessary to insiu'e success."
Signed, Runs Ellis.

Henry W. Foote.
C. A. Bartol.

It w^as voted (hat the Committee on Plants
and tlowers, with Mrs. J. W. Wolcott, Mrs. C. N.
S. Horner and Mrs. E. M. Gill, be a special com-
mittee to establish and award prizes, for window
gardening, agreeably to the above communica-
tion.

THE

GARDENER'S MONTHLY

AND

HORTICULTURIST.

DEVOTED TO HORTICULTURE, ARBORICULTURE AND RURAL AFFAIRS.

Edited by THOMAS MEEHAN.

Vol. XX.

MAY, 1878.

Number 233.

Flower Garden and Pleasure Ground.

COMMUNICA TONS.

DUTCH BULBS IN THE SOUTH.

BY M. W. CALDWELL, QUERY'S TURN OUT,
MECKLENBURG CO., N. C.

I am a recent subscriber to the Gardener's
Monthly, and am well pleased with it. I have
noticed a complaint of Dutch bulbs deteriora-
ting in the South after a few years. I have this
day sent to your address by express a box of
hyacinth blooms for your inspection and judg-
ment, and your opinion as to their retrogade
movements. I have been cultivating these
same bulbs from five to seven years. They
were bought of Henry A. Dreer, of your city.
Many of the bulbs send up from three to five
spikes. The three White Double Pink Eye in
the package all grew from one bulb. Should
yuu wish to hear about the cultivation, I can in-
form you at another time. Many of the best
spikes were faded. I have not sent you all the
kinds I have. I have a garden of flowers, in-
cluding nearly everything desirable to please,
that will grow in the open ground. The Hya-
cinths were mixed kinds without names. Tu-
lips, the same, just beginning to bloom. The
Peach blooms are the Double and Italian and
Van Buren Dwarf, &c.

[We have rarely seen finer flowers. They
were superior to the average of newly imported
bulbs. The offered account of their culture
would be very acceptable. — Ed. G. M.]

THE SLIPPERY ELWI.

BY MR. J. JAY SMITH, GERMANTOWN, PHILA.

It is one of the regrets of planters in this
region of Philadelphia that we cannot have the
grand Elms of our Eastern States, because of
the terrible attacks made on them b}' insects. And
just here let me ask the wise men who made the
nurseries for the " park," if they know of this
sad depredation, for we see they are setting out
vast numbers of the attacked — and therefore
useless for ornament — Elm trees. But this apart,
for time is to test the wisdom brought to bear
on our park planting. I Avant Mr. Meehan's
opinion as regards the freedom of the Slippery
Elm, Ulmus fulva, from insects. My own ex-
perience is that it is free from attack, and if so,
as it has a weeping habit, it will be invaluable
in the Middle States. I have a specimen equal
to any of the great ornamental Elms of New
England, and I learn with pleasure, Mr. Editor,
that you also have a perfect tree unattacked by
enemies. But more, I hear that you and Mr.
Parsons have propagated largely from this, and
I want to know all that you know on the subject.

[The Slippery Elm in this region has its leaves
badly riddled by a small beetle — a species of
Galeruca — during the latter end of Summer ;
but the trees do not look near so shabby after-
wards as other species do after similar attacks.
Chestnut avenue, Germantown, has its side-
walks planted with them. They are now about
twenty years old, and are very beautiful. — Ed.
G. M.l

130

TFfE GARDENER'S MONJIII.Y

iMay,

COMPARATIVE ROSE LIST.

i!Y i!i.i:<ii;N, .ii;K>in c rrv, m;\v jKitsKv.

1 st'iid y<ui a ropy of tilt' English election list,
and one of Mr. Kllwaiim-r (of Ellwanger &
Barry) called the American List of Roses, taken
from the Garden of Nov. 17th. isTT. hopini; that
yon may tind il of siitlii-ient interest to publish it.
If you do it might lead to a further cU^scussion of
the merits of many of the roses and benefit all
lovers of them, and the trade also by making a
greater demand for what might prove the greatest
favorites. Other jioints of interest would arise
as to fresh hloomers, the most perpetual, «&c.,
of the hybrids, of which the list is largel}' com-
posed. Why should such general favorites as
Genei'al Jacqueminot, Safrauo, IJon Silene, &c.,
be left out, when they have been so generally
adopted as foi"cing roses in this t'ountry?

Best 48 Roses, English Election and Mr. Ell-
wanger's lists :

fJnrilinh.

1 Marie liaiiiuan.

2 Alfred Colonib.

3 Charles Lofebvre.

4 La France.

5 Marechal Neil.

< Baronne de Rothschild.

7 Francois Miclielou.
« Louis Van Iloutte.

Etieune Level.

Marquise dc Castellane.

Mad. Victor Verdier.

Duke of Ediiil)urgh.

Mdlle. Marie Uady.

Comtesse de Oxford.

Doctor Andry.

Senateur Vaisse.

Xavier Olibo.

Mdlle. Ktijjeuie Verdier.

Edouard Morren.

Catherine Mermet.

Horace Vernet.

Marguerite de St. Amand.

Emilie Ilansburgh.

Ferdinand de Lesseps.

Dupuy Jamaiu.

Caniille Bernardin.

John Hopper.

Reynolds Hole.

Tictor Veredier.

Prince Camille de Rohan.

Mdlle. Marie Van Houtte.

Captain Christy.

Madame Lacharme.

Devoniensis.

E. Y. Teas.

Duke of Wellington.

Souvenir d'un Ami.

Pierre Xotting.

Souvenir d' Elise.

M. Marie Finger.

Mad. Marie Cointet.

Fisher Holmes.

Monsieur Xorman.

Comtesse de Serenye.

Sir Garnett Woolsley.

Mad. Charles Wood.

Star of Waltham.

Mdlle, Annie Wood.

Amerkan.
La France.
Marechal Neil.
INIaric Banman.
LouiM Van Houtte.
AUrcd Coloinb.
fCharli s Lifcl)vre.
(Ferdinand de Lesseps.
Catherine Mermet.
Mdlle. Marie Van Houtte.
Mad. Victor Verdier.
Mdlle. Marie Kady.
Francois Michelon.
Marquise de Castellane.
Baronne de Rothschild.
Etieune Levet.
Mdlle. Eugenie Verdier.
John Hopper.
Abel Grand.
Comtesse de Oxford.
Seualeu Vaisse.
Victor Verdier.
Glorie Dijon.
Comtesse de Sambac.
Captain Christy.
Niphetos.
Chehunt Hybrid.
Prince Camille de Rohan,
Comtesse de Serenye.
Mdlle Marie Cointet.
Rubens.

Belle Lyonnaise.
Comtesse de Chabrillant.
Marguerite de St. Amand.
Mad. de Ridder.
Mdlle. Therese Levet.
Horace Vernet.
Exposition deBrie.
Souvenir de Malmaison.
Marie Dncher.
Fisher Holmes.
General Washington.
I'ierre Notting.
Mad. Norman.
Mdlle. Boniiaire.
Mad. Berard.
Mad. Trifle.
Maurice Bernardin.
Reynolds Hole.
Mad. Marie Finger.

PINUS GLABRA.

BY DR. MELLICHAMP, BLUFFTOX, S. C.

This is a splendid tree, and I have often won-
dered that it has not been cultivated. It is

rare about me, indeed, never abundant any-
where ; but last fall I saw very beautiful an<l
I stately trees on the edge of the swamps near
; the Savannah river rice fields. A few years ago
I procured two or three trees, a foot or two in
height, but they have hardly grown at all i'»
, this dry and sandy soil ; and yet 1 have seen
! them grow in such situations as Calebogue
i Sound, Hilton Head— within sight of the ocean.
I But they usually prefer the rich wet knolls of
I the swamps, but never anywhere do they form
I forests of pines as do the others,
i [Iloopes, Bro. & Thomas had a nice specimen
in their collection at the Centennial Exhibi-
I tioii. — Ed. G. M,]

CARPET BEDDING.

BY C, J. BJORKLUND, HAMPTON, VA.

Fig. 13, 24 feet long by H wide. I is Alter-
I nanthera Paronychioides major; 2, A. versicolor;

, Fig. U.
3, A. amocna; 4, Leucophyton Brownii ; and
5, Sedum acre elegans.

Fig. 14 has a diameter of 15 feet, with thereon
arranged tliirteen smaller circles ; the center
circle a is to be a specimen of Agave Americana
variegata in the center, then Sedum spectabile
roseum ; one ring of Rochea falcata; one do.
Cei'astium arvense ; one do. Aloes ; and one
Pyrethrum. Circles b, centres Agave A.mericana
var., Sedum micranthum, Rochea falcata, and
Pyretlu'um. Circles c, specimens of Cotyledon

Fis. 14.

li?78.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

131

pulverulentum, Sedum acre, and Pyrethrum.
•Circles f/, Agave "filifera nana, Sedum glaucum,
•Cacalia, and Pyrethrum. Circles c, Agave veru-
cosa, Sedum acre aureum. Aloes, and Pyreth-
rum. Circles y. Agave Americana, Sedum op-
positifolium, Sempervivum Donklari arborea,
and Pyrethrum. 1 is Alternanthera amabilis
latifolia smTonnded by a lingermg ribbon of

Fig. \h.
Pyrethrum; 2, A. amcena; 3, Leucophyton
Brownii; and 4 Sempervivum montanum.

Fig. 15 is the half part of a bed, 40 feet by 8
wide. 1 is Alternanthera raagnifica, bordered
by Pyrethrum, as well as is 2, Cerastum arvense ;
3, Altei'nanthera amoena ; 4, Pyrethrum ; and 5,
*Sedum acre elegans.

Fig. 16, 27x8. Alternanthera versicolor ; 2,
A. spatulata; 3, Sedum acre; 4 Pyrethrum; 5,
Alternanthera magnifica ; 6, A. paronychioides ;

VINES.

BY REV. HENRY WARD BEECHER.

1. Every vine, shrub or tree that approaches the
condition of evergreen, is valuable for its winter
beauty. Hall's Japan Honeysuckle is the most
valuable of all the family of hardy Honeysuckles.
It is hardy, luxuriant, a real everbloomer the
Summer through, of fine green leaf, and, except
under long continued severely cold weather, it is
evergreen. Under my window, as I write, is a
vine spread upon the ground, as green as in mid-
sunimer.

The Flexuosa, or Chinese, is near by, quite
shrunk with cold, and will do no more till
Spring. If one can have but one, that one
should be Hall's. If suffered to grow along the
ground, it will root at almost every joint, and
furnish abundance of new plants without trouble.

1 have enjoyed a method of treating Honey-
suckles on the lawn, viz., putting about a
vigorous root five or six stakes, say four feet
high, suiTounding them with twine, about three
hoops at equal distances, and allowing the vine
to cover them. By the second year an altar of
green will be formed, most comely to the eye. If
the Aurea reticulata shall be used, it will give a

Fig. 16.

7, A. amcena; 8, A. spectal)ilis ; 9, Pyrethrum ;
10, Cerastium tomentosum ; 11, Mesembryan-
themum cordifolium varicgatum ; 12 Sedum acre
elegans; 13, Peristrophe angustifolia; and 14,
Sempervivum Californicuni.

Fig. 17. 1, single specimens of Chamapeuce
diacantha; 2, Pyrethi-um; 3, Alternanthera
paronychioides; 4, A. amoena; 5, Leucophyton
Brownii; 6, Mesembryanthemum cordifolium;
and the small circles on the lawn are single
specimens of Sempervivum Donklari.

splendid golden effect. Golden vines should not
be suffered to twine with others, as the appear-
ance will be that of a sickly vine mixed with a
healthy one ; l)ut, kept separately, the effect is
admirable.

The Lonicera fragrantissima is a shrub that
comes very near being evergreen. In sheltered
places it will hold its leaves till after Christmas.
At Peekskill, forty miles north of New York, on
the flanks of the Highlands, it is yet (Jan. 4) in
good condition, though it has passed tlu-ough

132

THE GARDENER'S MONTHLY

IMay,

several severe freezine;s. Its perfume in Spring
is delicious.

2. Why has not the Styrax been brou<;ht into
notice? It has ^one through last AVinter, at
Peekskill, without bein^' harmed. Tliere are
few shrubs that can compare with it for beauty
in its blossom season, and it oupht to be in
every garden. I can get it only by sending to
England for it. It is finer than Andromeda
arborea, which with me is not hardy enough to
flourish, or I am not skillful enough to make it
live except as an invalid. I do not know the
specific name of my Styrax, but I think it is
Styrax japonica. There are several native
species that deserve to be introduced to our nur-
series, to say nothing of scores of other things
unknown and unattainable now. I know the
reply. Nurserymen cannot afford to cultivate
stock for which there is no demand. True, in
large quantities ; but American nurseries have
now reached a degree of development that will
enable many of them to bring forward unknown
plants, and give them such publicity as shall
create a demand. Some agreement might be
bad by which one would fill out a special depart-
ment, another a different one, so that out of six
or eight nurseries a gentleman might secure
what he wished. I cannot secure from any or all
American nurseries the hardy Pines. Even ,
Pinus mitis, so abundant in the fields, is a '
stranger to most nurseries — not to the catalogues.
Oh, no ! the catalogues are all right, but orders
come back unfilled in a manner that leads one to '
think that catalogues are copied from European
lists, or are made up as fancy work. j

3. Speaking of Conifers, much is written about j
transplanting. My experience is, that ever- ;
greens may be transplanted at any time of the j
year when the ground is open and workable. I
do not lose the half of one per cent, of the hun- '
dreds that I annually move. If they are ripped ;
up and jerked out of the ground, laid in the sun, i
and, worse yet, in the mud, until others have
been slaughtered, and then hauled in an open
cart, stuck into a cramped hole, chunks of dirt I
tlu'own in, and trodden down by one's feet, no [
wonder they die. It would be a shame if they '
did not. Take up the roots largely, cover them I
from the light as you would your children's
bodies, plant them in a larger hole than that
which they have left ; take time ; press the roots
as if you were combing your own hair for a
party, see that they are not planted an inch
deeper than they stood before moving, and then

— mulch — mulch — mulch — them. After that you
j may wliistle at Summer drou^jhts or Winter
freezing. I have had as good luck in orders
from nurseries in September and October as in
March or April. I lost some — 1 always do, for
the most careful nurserymen are careless, judged
by my standard. I had as lief transplant in July
us in May, in November as in June. It only
requires a little more care. In that murderous
■ season, four or five years ago, I had planted
many scores of Coniferous evergreens, but did
I not lose one per cent. — on the windy hills and
sharp climate of Peekskill — and all because the
plants were abundantly planted and abundantly
mulched. Mulching, Summer and Winter, is
supreme safety, for ornamental trees and for
fruit trees. 1 have saved a pear orchard by a
system of mulching in Summer as well as
Winter.

4. I mean to write you bye-and-bye of my
mistakes and blunders ; successes are all very
well ; everybody likes to narrate them. But
there is great instruction in well-c-onsidered
blunders ; only, men are ashamed to re-
late them ; and so much knowledge is lost.
There is hardly a department of culture, escu-
lent vegetables, ornamental trees, fruit trees,
flowers, vines, etc., etc., in which I have not
been rich in mistakes.* Ought they to die unre-
corded? Enough. My paper has given out,
and your patience, too, doubtless.

[It is not often Mr. Beecher makes such mis-
takes as that suggested by the last four words.
— Ed.I

THE AMARYLLIS.

BY MISS A. G.

There are many plants allied to the Amaryl-
lis, as we find by looking through catalogues
and books on Bulbs. The following were
taken from a Dutch list of Bulbs :

Alstroemeria — Flowers of great beauty and
easy culture. Brunsvigia — Large bulbs, pink or
crimson floAvers. Buphane — Allied to Brun.s-
vigia, nink or scarlet flowers. Coburgia — Green-
house bulbs, flowers yellow, or orange-red.
Crinum — Flowers resembling the Amaryllis,
white or rose. Griffinia — Rose, blue, or violet
lily-like flowers. Ilabranthus — Allied to Ama^
rylis, fine for pot culture. Ilippeastrum — Gene-
rally known as Amaryllis Ismene. — Very pretty
flowers of white or yellow. Lycorus — Bears
beautiful flowers, golden lily. Nerine — Guernsey
lily the type, vermillion scarlet flowers. Pan-

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

183

cratium — Delicate white sweet-scented flowers.
Phtedranassa — Yellow, or bright scarlet flowers.
Phycella — Charming flowers, yellow, red or
scarlet.

Of the above we have oloomed the Crinums
{Capensis and Amabile) Griffinia,Hippeastrum,
Ismene, Serine, and Pancratium ; and have
cultivated Brunsvigia, Coburgia, Lycorus, Al-
stroemeria ; Phanlranassa, and Phycella without
blooming them. Our Alstroemeria died of heat
and a dry atmosphere. Brunsvigia, and also
Belladonna lily, may have been disturbed too
often ; they grew vigorously. The Lycorus (a
lovely flower) divided into two, and refused to
hloom. The Phycella ingloriously gave up and
'died. The Phsedranassa grew well, but de-
•clined to give us one blossom to satisfy our
longing eyes, and the Coburgia followed its ex-
ample.

I tried for many years to learn in what
situation the Hippeastrum variety grew, but
•excepting a mention of one, by Livingstone,
which he found in a grassy meadow, heard
nothing, nor of any one that knew, till pre-
sented with " Herbert's Amaryllidea." In
this I learned that the yellow, or orange vari-
ety grew among the rocks, in a forest, and some-
times in the crotches of trees. Since then I
liave met a florist in Baltimore who has been
on several United States Expeditions, and who
informed me that he had seen the evergreen (or
fall blooming) variety growing in the West
Indies, in damp spots behind rocks. After that
a florist told me that he had been speaking with
a physician who had been to the West Indies.
"Xhis gentlemen told him that he had seen the
Hippeastrum in bloom, by the acre, in or near
the edges of forests. An English lady travel-
ing in the West Indies, mentions them as grow-
ing in the foiest. Herbert describes Crinums as
growing in or near ditches of water. A large
Tariety brought from Africa was said to have
been found growing close to a river. I have
found, too, when cultivating the Crinum, ama-
l)ile, Capense, Americanum, «fec., that if freely
watered (as freely as for a Calla) they grew
■with astonishing luxuriance.

Since writing last upon the Amaryllis, I
liave heard of various modes for its treatment,
and some very successful ones. Lately a lady
told me that it had been her practice, at the time
she removed her plants to the garden, or yard,
to place her Amaryllis (.Johnsonii) in the cellar,
putting the pots on top of a cupboard, where they

remained, without water, till September. She
generally put them away in the pots, but some-
times without. The cellar was a slightly damp
one. In September they were re-potted in a
mixture of garden earth and chicken manure,
the latter being taken from the floor of the
chicken coops, where it was partially mixed with
earth. They were then put into the windows of
a warm sunny kitchen, and never failed to
bloom.

Another lady reversed the mode just described.
As soon as decidedly cold weather approached
she placed her Amaryllis in the cellar, and left
there with occasional watering (the cellar being
a dry one), till warm spring weather, when they
were sunk in the garden border. They bloomed
after this treatment without fail, after being
previously kept in a sunnj' chamber window,
during the winter, without blooming.

A lady of Philadelphia plants hers out in the
Spring, pots them in the rich earth as soon as
cool weather approaches, then rests them in the
cellar till the middle of December, when they
are taken into a warm, sunny room. In two
weeks they are, generally, in bud, and never fail
to bloom. One lady kept the fall-blooming (or
evergreen) kind out of the ground for 8 months ;
it was then put into the garden where it bloomed
finelv during the latter part of Summer.

EDITORIAL NOTES.

HORTICTTLTUKE IX JAPAN. — The Japanese,
after having furnished our gardens with some of
our best treasures, are retaliating, and our popu-
lar flowers now appear in their gardens.

Lamium purpureum. — This pretty European
species is becoming somewhat common in culti-
vated ground in the North Eastern States. If
we must have imported weeds, it is some com-
pensation when they are pretty ones.

LiLiUM Krameri. — This superb Japan lily,
with others has been imported, in some quantity,
direct from Japan, its native country, by Mr.
Such. We have hitherto been dependent on
European enterprise.

Forest Grove Cemetery, Utica, New
York. Under the management of Mr. Roderick
Campbell, this is achieving an eminent repu-
tation. A newspaper article now before us
speaks of it in terms of the highest praise. We
like to note these tilings, as nothing is more

134

TIIF. GARDENER'S MONTH L Y

\.Mciy,

melancholy than the nofjlcctod jjravc yards one
sees so commonly in t ravelin'.' throui,'h the
country. " Honor tliy father and tliy mother,"
■was surely not intended to eease with their lives.
Of course, this care for the memory of the dead
often degenerates to vulgiirity ; hut all things
have their extremes.

TiiK ExoLTSTi Daisy.— From time to time
the beautiful little English Daisy is taken in

hand by the improvers, with new styles or at

They are very beautiful spring flowers, but in
our country somewhat diHieult to keep over sum-
mer. They retjuire a cool soil and situation,,
such as a sunk pit , for instance. Though so many
Americans have heard of the Dai.sy, few have
seen it. The accompanying illustration will;
give them an idea of it.

•»•*

NEW OR RARE PLANTS.

The Thick-leaved Elm. — The American
Agriculturist has a good word for the Ulnms
crassifolia. It was gathered by the Agriculturist
twenty-five years ago near San Antonio, and
was previously figured in Nuttall's addition to
Michaux' Sylva and named Ulmusopaca, though
in the Flora of Arkansas, he had already de-
scribed it as U. crassifolia. It seems likely to
be hardy enough to stand where the Maclurai
does, which is a native of the same State.
— -••♦•

SCRAPS AND QUERIES.

The Baktram Oak. — Tliis rare form, named
by Michaux, Quercus heterophylla, is very much
desired by Mr. Eli K. Price, one of the Honora-
ble Commissioners of'Fau'mount Park, to help

least, some new feature. In taking up Messrs. complete the Michaux Oak grove. If any one
Yilmorin's (the celebrated Paris seedmen,) cat- has a specimen that is transplantable, Mr. Price
alogue, we notice a fresh illustration of this fact, i would like to secure it.

Green House and House Gardening..

COMMUNICA TIONS.

AMONG THE ORCHIDS.

BY MR. WM. FALCONER, CAMBRIDGE BOTANICAL
GAJIDEN, MASS.

The following notes, written from memory,
are the result of a flying visit during the first
fortnight of December.

There is no greater sign of the advancement of
horticultirre in the East than the increasing de-
mand for, and high appreciation of, Orchidete.
Anything and everything is not indiscriminately
grown, but the finest species and varieties, and

the largest specimens are the most in demand".
Big specimens sell at a profit, but little plants
can hardly be got rid of at a sacrifice. Europe
and America are scoured for the treasures, and
direct importations from Mexico and South
America are often met with. In the interest of
some of our prominent orchid owners, J. S.
Rand, Jr., late of Dedham, Mass., is now on a
collecting tour to Brazil. The cultivation of
most of the tropical species is easier here than
in England, but when it comes fo Masdevallias
and some Odontoglossoms, we have either a deal
to learn or contend with, as regards growing
them compared with results in Europe.

On entering the greenhouses at Menand's nur-

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

135

series at Albany, the first plant I noticed was
Vanda ccerulea in a suspended basket, and with
tlu-ee spikes, six and nine blooms respectively.
Cymbidium Mastersiihad three spikes of expand-
ed flowers. Cypripedium hirsutissimum — a very
shy bloomer, especially in the case of small
plants — had several large waxy flowers, and a
specimen of C. Roezlei had four spikes — one a
branched one, and several blossoms. Many
plants of Odontoglossum grande were growing
like weeds, and several of them had three and
four spikes of immense flowers. O. Insleayii,
and 0. I. leopardinum, were also exceptionally
thrifty and in bloom. Mr. M. prefers pot to
basket culture for most of his orchids, and I ob-
served most of his Odontoglossums were grown
in earthy compost. He also distributed his or-
chids amongst his general collection of other
plants, because he dislikes the formality of an
isolated mass of Orchideee. Mr. Corning has an
immense collection of orchids ; indeed, as far as
I know, it is by far the largest in the country.
He has many fine specimens, and his Phalsenop-
sis — particularly Schilleriana, are large and
healthy. Oncidium tigrinum was prettily in
bloom, as was likewise the showy O. Rogersii.
O. ornithorhyncum displayed some very hand-
some spikes, and the white flowering variety,
of it — very scarce — was also in bloom. Large
plants of Angrtecum eburneum showed several
bold spikes, and a very fine specimen of Anselia
Africana promised a speedy reward. Odonto-
glossum grande and Insleayii were both in
bloom, and, too, in excellent health. O. Rossii
majus was also in flower. Mr. Gray, the gar-
dener, told me that he has difliculty in growing
O. Phattenopsis. I also noticed some of the red-
flowering Masdevallias in bloom.

General Rathborne has a select and valuable
collection of orchids, but not nearlj' so many
kinds as Mr. Corning has. The general's plants
• however, are the very pictures of health and vigor,
cleanliness and ripeness, and many of them, es-
pecially Vandas, are large specimens. Two
plants of Vanda cctrulea were in flower, each
having ten blooms on a spike, and they were
lovely. Angrfecum ebm-neum with several long
spikes was bursting into bloom, and if I remem-
ber rightly it was here I saw A. sesquipedale
with two spikes of long-tailed flower-buds. A
white PhaUeuopsis was in bloom, and the many
neighboring spikes that were appearing prom-
ised early wealth. Saccolabium giganteum liad
one developed spike, and Cymbidium Mastersii

had three with more to follow. Cypripediums
were in great profusion, particularly venustum,
one specmien of which had several dozens of
flowers.

No shadings whatever are used during the
winter months, and the robust sturdiness and
flower-promising look of the plants, bespeak
their appreciation of the short-day sun.

The general drew my attention to diseased
spots in the leaves of some of his Phala^nopsis
Schilleriana, and which were spread along the
upper surface like large and deep pock-marks.
When in England last summer he had a talk
with Dominy at Veitch's, about this disease, and
he expressed the opinion that he believed it to be
the work of parasitic fungi, and recommended
the application of powder-sulphur, which the
general has applied. Of course the sulphur can
only prevent fungoid growth, and not restore to
good the evil already done. The general also
spoke to me about diseased spots sometimes ap-
pearing on the leaves and flowers of his orchids
during the summer months. I recommended a
little fire-heat by night throughout the whole
summer, even if the ventilators be kept open
night and day, This is to provide a sweet and
constantly circulating atmosphere, and my expe-
rience in the United States has proved it an
excellent plan and more than worth the money.

RALPH AND FANNY GERANIUMS.

BY MR. WM. WHITE, SXJPERINTENDENT OF ELLIS
PARK, CHICAGO.

In the last number of your valuable Monthly
you notice two Western Geraniums, Fanny and
Ralph, raised by John Goode, Esq., of this city.
Will you allow me to say a few words in their
favor ? I have grown Fanny for three years, and
tested it thoroughly, both as a pot plant and a
bedder, with the most satisfactorily results. As
a pot plant (in my opinion) it is unsurpassed,
always in bloom, Summer and Winter. The
flower is a rich salmon color, of fine form and
substance, the finest I have ever seen on a
bronze Geranium.

Ralph is also a very fine Geranium ; it is a very
robust grower, habit first-rate, and as a bloomer
it is simply immense. A bed of it last season in
Ellis Park attracted a great deal of attention,
both from florists and the public ; the flowers are
a peculiar shade of crimson, trusses very large
and carried well above the foliage, and has the
property of holding its center until the whole
i truss is fully expanded. I grow 150 of the

130

Tirr. C.IRDENER'S MONTHLY

\_May,

newest and best p]nf^Hsh. Frcncli. and American
varieties, all line, but as a bedder, Ralph is king.
I have no interest in the sale of plants ; my
object is to eall the attention of lovers of plants
to two good things, and to encourage home
productions.

(Since our note appeared we have seen blooms
of Halph, and agree with all that is said of it.
The shade of color is similar to one now well
known as General Lee, hut it is much superior
in form and other good characters. — Ed. G. M.]

KILLING MEALY BUG.

r.v (i. wKKiirr, imick falls, ill.
For more than a year I have used kerosene to
destroy mealy bug and scale louse, and have
found it the most convenient and eftectual
remedy. I apply it to the backs of the insects
with a feather, and brush lightly around the
axils of the leaves infested, and I cannot perceive
any injurious etTects of its use upon the most
tender plants. Hot water cannot be used upon
large specimen plants, besides, there are some
succulent plants, like Mimulus, which will not
endure 120° without injury. Of late years it
seems utterly impossil)le to keep a conservatory
or bay window free from these two pests, for
the reason that every accession of new plants
from the large greenhouses brings a new stock
of bugs. For my own part I would rather pay
double price for clean plants, than deal with a
lousy -florist .

BRASSIA, MILTONIA AND ODONTO-
GLOSSUM.

BY C. H. SNOW. 15ALTIMOKE, >1D.

These three species of orchids are closely
allied, botanically, to the Oncidiums,and resem-
ble them in their growth and maimer of bloom-
ing. They all send their flower stems from the
base of the bulbs, which stems vary in length
from a few inches to three to five feet.

Brassia. Although many orchid growers do
not place much value on these, yet some ai'e
really pretty, and all are curious and free
flowering. They all belong to the Western Con-
tinent, and come mostly from the warmer parts,
and with me do well in the hottest place with
the E. India orchids. The sepals and petals in
all the varieties are long and slender, and resem-
ble at a distance some huge insects.

Brassia Lanceana and Lawrenceana are both
from Guiana, resemble one another very much,
and grow well in shallow baskets with broken
crocks and charcoal. The sepals and petals are

greenish yellow barred and spotted brown, lip
j yellow spotted purplish brown.

li. Caudata. Sepals and petals greenish white,
lip jnn-e white, spotted brown. West Indies R.
vierrucosa [Mexico and (Ivatemala) sejials and
petals pale transijanmt green; lip white, with
green warts. B. (Jireoudiana. This is the hand-
somest species that I have seen. Comes from
Central America. The flowers are bright orange,
yellow spotted with reddish orange. Flower
stems two feet long.

There are several other species, diffViring from
the above slightly, in marking. Tht^y mostly
bloom in the Spring, just before they commence
to make new growth ; but they do not always do
so, as the Guiana varieties will bloom twice a
year if handled properly.

Miltonia. This beautiful genus comes from
Brazil. A few species from Mexico are now
placed as Cyrtochilum, and these latter are not
remarkable for their beauty. Miltonias mostly
bloom in the late summer or early autumn
months, andwill commence to make newgrowth
in the fall and winter, if kept in a good heat say
from sixty to seventy degrees; and I lind nil or-
chids coming from South Brazil grow through the
winter months^ and do well and bloom well if kept
warm and near the glass. At this time nearly all
my Cattleya, Lielia, Miltonia, Oncidium and Zy-
gopetalons from Brazil are growing strongly,
and this coincides with what I have seen in Bra-
zil, for it is late summer there now. Miltonias
have two distinct st^des of bulbs, one small, from
two to tliree inches long and flat. These belong
to the M. spectabilis varieties, and have short
flower stems with one or two large flowers. The
other form of bulb is more cone-shaped, narrow-
ing to the top, and from four to seven inches
long. M. Candida l)elongs to this class and they
have longer flower stems and jnore flowers.

All Miltonias have very small roots, which I
think are only annual, the plants deriving suste--
nance from roots emitted fiom the young
growth. .

I find the spectabilis varieties do admirably on
rough cork, the rougher the better. The stronger
gi'owing varieties grow well in small pots, well
drained, always keeping the plants well above
the pots. Those on cork need syringing twice a
da3' when in active growth. They should never
l)e allowed to get too dry, as the bulbs are
small.

Miltonia spectabilis. The flowers of this
species are quite large, sometimes over three

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

137

inches in diameter; sepals and petals white, with
a slight greenish tinge ; lip white, with a large
purple spot at the base. The flowers come
singly from the base of the bulbs, though I have
had occasionally two when the bulbs were very
strong. There are many varieties of M. specta-
bilis. Some entirely white and others with a
pink spot on the lip.

M. bicotor. I think is only a variety of spec-
tabilis with larger and brighter flowers.

M. Morelinna. This resembles speetabilis very
much, both in mode of growth and shape of
flower, but it is far handsomer. Sepals and
petals rich purple ; lip large and rosy purple
veined with rose. This is a rare plant. I have
had many sent from Rio for M. Morelana, but
never got but one that was true. Blooms in
August or September.

Miltonia Candida. This beautiful plant has
from four to seven flowers on the stem, which is
upright. Flowers in the sepals and petals are
rich chocolate, barred with bright yellow; lip
pure white, marked at the base with rosy purple
•or pink. In this species the lip is shaped some-
thing like the lip of a Lselia, but in most of the
other species it is flat.

M. Clowsii. Growth like the last. Flowers
on a flexuous stem, with from four to ten flowers
two and a half inches in diameter. Sepals and
petals chocolate and yellow; lip flat, white,
with a purple base. Blooms in October and is
very graceful. There are several other beautiful
species of Miltonias, but they are rare. The
blooms of all kinds of Miltonia are very easily
eftected by water, and it is best to remove them
when in bloom to a cool dry place, taking care
not to let any water fall on the blooms in water-
ing them. If the flowers are kept dry they will
remain good three weeks.

ODONTOGLOSSUM .

In the whole orchid family there is no genus
that has caused more discussion among orchid
growers than the Odontoglossum. Coming, in
many instances, from elevated regions, where
they are surrounded by fogs and mists, they
are exposed at times to great vicissitudes of
temperature. Nothing is more changeable than
the climate of tropical mountainous regions. I
have seen the thermometer indicate from 90° to
'95° at mid-day and clear, then 40° at daylight
the next morning and misty ; at the same time
the daily change of temperature at the base of
the mountain would not exceed probably 12° to
il5°. That there is something peculiar needed

in the treatment of this genus is evident from
the fact that while in England and on the Conti-
nent some succeed marvelously with them,
others fail. Some grow them in cool houses,
which they try to keep between 40° and 60° ;
others do not mind if the mercm-y sometimes goes
up to 85°, and in both cases succeed. That their
proper cultivation should be sought is natural,
for I think they are unsurpassed among orchids.
Some pure white, or wliite spotted red, brown or
yellow, others yellow or brown, or both these
colors mixed in many ways ; and again, pink or
red are the predominating colors. In size from
an inch in diameter as in O. putchellum to
nearly six inches in O. grande magnificum ;
stems from a few inches in length as in O. Rossii,
to three or more feet in O. Lseve and O. car-
niferum. Nearly fifty species are now off'ered
for sale in English catalogues, and yearly the
number is increased. No doubt varieties sur-
passing any that we have yet seen will be dis-
covered, though to look at a plant of O. Alex-
andraj, 0. vexillarium or O. triumphans in
bloom, it would seem hardly possible.

There appears to be a great difference in the
Odontoglossums coming from Mexico and
Gautemala, and those from the countries in the
north of South America. With the former I
have succeeded admirably, but with the South
American species I have failed. I find that the
Mexican varieties make but one growth in a
year, and remain dormant for some months; but
the South American varieties show a tendency
to grow all the time, and I believe that in their
own homes the South American species bloom
twice a year. It is well known, that countries
near the equator have two Summers, and two
crops are made on the same ground in a year.
Now in New Grenada, Venezuela, and Ecuador,
the home of the O. Alexandra^ and O. trium-
phans, &c., the sun is always near, which gives
them heat, and coming from elevated positions
they have an ample supply of moisture all the
time. But Mexico lies near the Trojiic of
Cancer, is a much drier country, and though
vegetation is always green, has really only one
long Summer, then a long Autumn or Winter,
and the same is the case with South Brazil.

The climate of all countries near the equator
is less subject to variation than farther North or
South. At Demerara and Para, the annual
variation is not over 15°, say from 75° to 90°.
Bogota, nearly under the equator, but nearly
six thousand feet above the sea level, has a varia-

138

THE GARDENER'S MON'THL Y

{.May,

tion of about 2.')°, say from 42° or 45° to 70°.
This lattt^r elevation is the home of some of the
finest O(lonto<;lots. I lind that our extreme Sum-
mer lieats are far more fatal to these than the
"Winter eold — in fact, it is the only eause of our
failuri- ; and if we ever expect to succeed witli
them, Ave will have to build houses facin<,' the
north, partly iniderground, and plenty of ar-
rangements to keep a cool moist atmosphere
during the months from May to October. After
that they may be placed anywhere in a temper-
ature of 50= to 05"^, and they will do well. I
will give a few remarks on varieties that have
done well with me in a temperature of from 50°
to G5° in Winter, and as cool as possible in the
Summer. I put mine in my Camellia house in
Summer, whicli is well shaded and keeps from
70° to 85° in the hottest weather in day-time,
and lower at night.

O.grande. (Mexico and Guatemala). Bulbs and
leaves dark green. Flowers from four to twelve
in number, and from four to six inches in diam-
eter; sepals and petals brown and rich yellow,
mottled and striped ; lip white and pm-ple,
blooms in August or September, just after the
leaf growth is perfected ; keeps in bloom from
three to four weeks. There is considerable
variety in the size of flowers and marking.
Should be grown largely, as it takes but little
room.

O. Inaleayii. This resembles O. grande very
much in growth and bloom. It is, however,
more graceful. The flowers are smaller ; it
blooms in December, January, and February.
The lip in O. Insleayiiis yellow, spotted purple.

0. iTisleayii leopardinum. This I purchased at
one of Young & Elliot's sales. It is much finer,
than O. Insleayii, and the flowers are larger ;
petals and sepals yellowish green, with bars and
bands of rich reddish brown ; lip beautiful bright
yellow, bordered by a row of crimson spots.

O.citrosmum. (Guatemala). Large, smooth,
light green bulbs and leaves ; makes its bloom in
the Spring with the young growth; flowers about
two inches in diameter, and from eight to twelve
on a pendulous stem ; flowers white, with pur-
ple markings on the lip. There are some varie-
ties in which the flowers are rose and flesh color.
It is said to require more heat than most
Odontoglots, but it does well with me with the
Mexican orchids.

0. nebulosum. I have not bloomed this yet,
but it grows well and is making fine bulbs, so it
is only a question of time. It is also from Mex-

ico. Flowers come with the young growth and'
are borne on a pendulous stem. Flowers wliite
in all parts spotted with reddish brown. The
bulbs look like a citrosmuin but are more
wrinkled. Blooms four inches in diameter.

<>. liiclonense ((iuateniala). Blooms in Nov.
on an upright spike. Sepals and petals brown;
lip lilac and sometimes white.

O.cariniferum. (Central America.) This has
long, branching flower stems. Sepals and petals
chocolate ; lip, white ; gets light yellow in a few
days. Flowers one and one half inches diam-
eter.

cordatum. (Mexico and Guatemala.) Small
bulbs. Sepals and petals yellow barred dark
red, lip white with reddish brown markings.
There are many varieties of O. cordatum, and
O. maculatum which resem])les it in bulbs and
growth, and is often sold for it.

O. liossii. Has very small bulbs and leaves.
Flowers on short stems two or tliree together.
Sepals and petals white barred brown ; lip pure
white or whitish purple. I grow this in broken
crocks and moss, and one half dozen plants can
be grown in a six inch pot. Blooms from one to
three inches in diameter.

(). pulchellum. (Mexico.) Small bulbs.
Blooms nearly pure white and fragrant. This
also requires a half dozen plants to make a show.

0. Lceve, O. Uro Skinneri, O. Cervantesii, and
several other Mexican Odontoglots, succeed well
with me and are desirable, as they last long in
bloom and do not take much room.

O. Alexandra and its varieties O. Bluntii and
0. Andersonii, come from New' Granada. I have
bloomed O. Alexandra; finely, but lost all my
plants in the hot weather. The flowers are
borne on half pendant stems, twelve to twenty on
a stem ; are nearly pure white with sometimes as.
few brown or red spots on the sepals, petals and
lip. There are a great many beautiful varieties..
I would be glad to hear of any one who had suc-
ceeded well with this most beautiful oi-chid.

0. gloriosum. (New Granada). Has long branch-
ing flower stems. Flowers about three inches
in diameter, white spotted, brownish-red. I
bloomed this, but came near losing it last sum-
mer.

0. triumphans. Very beautiful short bulbs
and dark leaves. Flowers three inches diameter.
Sepals and petals golden yellow, spotted crim-
son brown ; lip, white and rose. (New Granada.)

0. vexillarium. (New Granada). The whole
flower soft ; rose three inches broad, and from

1878.]

AND HOR TICUL TURIS T.

139

five to seven on a stem. I do not know if this
has been bloomed in this country yet. It is con-
sidered in Europe the finest Odontoglot.

0. pescatorei. This is another beautiful Xew
Granada plant with white flowers and rosy yel-
low lips. The flowers are borne on long spikes.
This was bloomed by a gentleman in Baltimore
whose plant is doing well now.

0. radiatum and O. luteo purpureum are beau-
tiful New Granada plants with brown and yellow
sepals and petals ; lip white with brown mark-
ings. There are a great many more species and
varieties from South America, but I cannot as yet
recommend any from that country as of easy
culture ; and as I propose these articles for the
use of beginners in orchid culture , I can say that
I have found the Mexican varieties to grow well.
They can bear more sun than the others. This
remark applies to all Mexican orchids.

GERANIUM "NEW LIFE."

BY O.

Last week I saw the geranium New Life in
flower. It is said to be a sport from the Vesu-
vius, which is the most popular geranium in
England, both for bedding and marketing, and
also as a scarlet for winter-blooming.

'' Wonderful," another sport from Vesuvius,
has semi-double flowers. It will, no doubt, su-
persede its parent — bearing more persistently
than the single varieties, and not sufliciently
double to impair its free-blooming qualities.

It is now reported there are two other sports
from the same source, a salmon color, and a
pure white. A white geranium, flowering as freely
as Vesuvius, will be an acquisition. It will cause
as much of a sensation in England as a white
sport from " Gen. Grant" would out here.

Vesuvius is offered in the advertising columns
of the London gardening papers by individual
growers, by the 100,000, at eight shillings per
100 — less than two cents apiece — and yet we
are told plants are sold cheaper here than they
are in England I

According to the wood-cuts which I have seen
of New Life, it is a sport from " Harry King !"
a seedling from "Jean Sisley," and sent out
by Messrs. iStandish & Co., Royal Ascot Nur-
series, England. The only difference between
the " cuts" of each is the stripes. The stripes
on the flower are not so conspicuous as they are
in the cut, being quite faint and irregular. If
the flowers I saw are a fair representation of
the whole stock, it is of very little value only as
a curiositv.

EDITORIAL NOTES.

LucuLiA GRATissiMA. — This is a very old
but very beautiful plant from Australia, with
large heads of Hydrangea-like flowers, and
which gardeners have always found' difficult to
keep alive. It is now- said in the London jP/on's^
and Pomologist, that this difficulty has originted
from too much fear of its tenderness. If treated
more roughly — just in fact as we would treat the
common Hydrangea — it is a grand success. Has
any one this plant in American collections ?

Oakland Cemetery, Syracuse. — We hear
that this progressive company intend to build a
" Chapel of Roses," modeled after that designed
by Mr. Campbell for the Forest Cemetery at.
Utica.

SCRAPS AND QUERIES,

Watering Small Plants. — W.M. G.,Niles,
Mich.,says : "Will you please inform me howyou
treat thumb pot plants on hot days to keep them
from wilting. Watering morning and evening is
not sufficient, and it is said that we must not
water when the sun shines, neither must we let
them wilt, and the same difficulty arises when
plants are plunged out of doors."

[The objection against water when the sun
shines on the plants is a purely theoretical one,
and appears only in the writings of those who
have had but little actual experience. You may
take our advice, and water whenever the plants
need it. The only plan beyond this is in your
case to partially shade the plants from the full
sun.— Ed. G. M.]

Culture of Medinella magnifica. — Mrs.
E. B. S. writes : "Will you please give me in
the next number of the Gardener's Monthly
the name of the plant to which the enclosed
leaf belongs and instructions for its care ? I
hope you will pardon my demand on your time,
but I do not know to whom else I can apply,
and I thought that as I subscribed to the
Monthly you would be kind enough to answer
my questions, and oblige Mrs. E. B. S."

[The plant sent was Medinella magnifica. It
is a beautiful leaf plant, and those who possess
good specimens have a prize. The plant loves
warmth, though it can be kept over Winter in a
cool greenhouse, or possibly a well warmed
room. The pot with the plant will do very well
in the open air in Summer.

140

THE GARDENER'S MONTH L Y

{.May,

The lady's letter is pu1)lisho(l in full, so that
we may take occasion to say that such inquiries
are always welcome. What one wants to know
is j^enerally the want of hundreds of others,
and we are very glad to help them in this way-
— Ei). G. M.]

Beai'tikil Cyclamens.— By what we read
in the English periodicals, we see how great has
been the improvement in Cyclamens; but a
sample from Mr. liarker, of Norfolk, Va., shows
that they are even more beautifully improved
than we supposed. This sample comprises
fifteen difl'erent shades of color or form. They
seem to be a mixture of three species, Cycla-
men coum, C. persicum and C. Europseum.

Seedling Veruenas.— G. B., Colora, Mo.,
sends bloom.s of a seedling Verbena. It is a
.soft and agreeable shade of vermilion. There
have been so many shades of Yerl)(>na intro-
duced of late years sime Verbena seed raising
has been so common, that we do not feel safe in
saying the color is novel, but we may say that it
is a very good variety.

Variegated Cobora scandens. — Speci-
mens from Mr. C. Th. Scluujren, florist of Cleve-
land, 0., shows this to be a remarkably beautiful
plant. "VVe do not take kindly to many of these
variegated-leaved things. They look diseased.
This does not, but is bright and live looking.
It is a good addition.

Fruit and Vegetable Gardening,

COMMUNICA TIONS.

PEARS IN CRASS.

BY GODFREY ZIMMERMAN, 15UFFALO, N. Y,

The sharp controversy of twenty years ago,
on the question. " Can pears be profitably grown
for market?" died away without any decided
issue. If the same men could again discuss that
point, the results, I think, would be far difierent
and of greater value to fruit growers.

The statement that the pear is not well suited
to our climate, and will never be abundant in
our markets, has proved false; for so large a
quantity of this fruit now fills them, that thou-
sands of barrels have to be shipped ; an occur-
rence which was not then thought possible. On
the other hand, the notion that " cultivation by
constantly working the soil is the only success-
ful way," received a severe shock when the
Gardener's Monthly demonstrated that a
profitable cultivation for the pear is l)etter ac-
complished in a well enriched and frcquontly-
mown grass sod.

It is known that the roots of the quince sufler
in light soil, or in cultivated ground. And I
Tiave found that injuries in the root cause the
pear tree to produce small, curled leaves in the
spring. But all our trees, especially dwarf
pears, suffer more or less from climatic influ-
ences ; and so far a.s these effect the roots, the
t)est treatment is protection by means of a thick

:SOd.

It was found that a large numl)er of the dwarf
pear trees, that died m the spring of 1875, were
frost killed at the roots, being planted in ex-
posed places or cultivated soil. On my own
grounds I found that dwarfs in cultivation, and
so protected from the S. W. winds that the snow
lodged in them, lived, but a few immediately
beyond this protection were killed ; while a large
lot near these, but six years in grass, did not
suffer at all, though in the most exposed place.
In fact, not any trees in my orchard (in grass)
suffered, though fully exposed to the winds.
The crop of pears that year (1875) was large,
besides a fair growth of wood. Last year there
were an extraordinary yield not only in quantity,
but in size and Ij^auty. The average income ,
from dwarfs, in grass, was S400 per acre,except-
the Vicar, which brought twice that amount,
and some B. Clairgeau and B. d' Anjou brought
S12 per bbl. in New York.

Having, during the past season, cultivated a
few rows of trees in the center of my dwai'f pear
orchard, to change the shape of the bed, I
found that the blight in these was much more
severe than among those in grass. The actual
record was as follows :

Louise Bonne, cultivated, 88 trees 14 blight,
in grass, 87 " 8 "

Vicar. cultivated, 12 ". 4 "

"• in grass, 70 " 7 "

I have not yet succeeded, and do not expect to
succeed, in making my trees of uniform beauty ;
but since thev have recovered from the first

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

141

shock received by being put in grass, they are
improving from year to year, as the fertilizing
materials — manure, leaves, rotten grass, and
occasional dressing of soil — accumulate on the
surface. The expense of manuring, to which
many object as more costly than cultivating,
does not exceed S30 per acre, at $3 per cord
delivered in the orchard.

I have many dwarf pear trees over 20 inches
in circumference. One Duchess d'Angouleme
of 27 inches, 30 years old and 18 years in grass,
which produced 6i bushels of fine fruit last year,
besides making a growth of from 6 to 15 inches.
Others bearing a light crop, made a growth of
twice that length, also in grass. Where irriga-
tion can be applied once or twice during the
month of July and August, it will not only im-
prove the crop, but will cause a rich growth of
grass under which the quince root cannot be
reached by frost. And I do not believe that
grafting the pear or quince stock so changes its
constitution as to make it a feeble tree. Protect
its roots from the extremes of heat and cold ;
give it enough nourishment to sustain a healthy
growth of the top ; prevent its tendency to over-
bear (which seems the only reason for its being
weaker than when on its own root), and the
dwarf pear will no longer be denounced as un-
reliable, short-lived, and unfit for cultivation in
this climate. I believe if it were so treated, the
more vigorous growth of the pear top would
induce a larger than natural growth of the quince
root ; and through this equality live as long as
the pear top can be kept in a thriving condition.

from the root like the lilac bush, so that at
three to five years old there will be six to a
dozen trees to one root, which will produue
several quarts of fruit every year.

They are very productive, and the fruit is
relshed by nearly every one. This variety was
introduced into Western Iowa, by the writer of
this, several years since, and is now well known
throughout this region, and is also known to
some extent through the Eastern States, and
is, I think, highly prized wherever known.

[The regular Juneberry of the East grows to
a small tree. We were not aware that there
was a dwarf Juneberry of the superior character
noted by Mr. Terry.

While we were writing the above paragraph
Mr. A. S. Fuller dropped into our office, and he
tells us he has had this Western Juneberry
under culture sometime, and that it retains in the
East the good qualities it possesses in the West.

In New Jersey and some other States are
dwarf forms of Amelanchier, but they are so
poor in the quality of their fruit in comparison
with the larger forms, that we hardly thought of
it in connection with the one referre d to by the
Horticultural Society.— Ed. G. M.]

DWARF JUNEBERRY.

BY H. A. TERRY, CRESCENT CITY, IOWA.

In your issue for March I notice allusion
is made to the action of our State Horticultural
Society, in regard to the Dwarf Juneberry
being sold by agents for real Huckleberries.
I have never known of the Juneberry being sold
for Huckleberries; but I must say whoever buys
them under that impression will not get cheated,
as they are much more valuable to grow on
Iowa soil than the real Whortleberry, as the
genuine Whortleberry does not flourish in Iowa.
This Dwarf Juneberry is an Amelanchier, a
native of the Rocky Mountain country, and may
have been sometimes called Mountain Huckle-
berry, as the fruit resembles in size, color, and
taste, the genuine eastern Huckleberry. The
trees or bushes grow from four to seven feet
high, rarely exceeding six feet, and stool out

BLIGHT IN THE PEAR TREE.

BY I. C. WOOD, FISHKILL, N. Y.

Being somewhat interested in the growing of
this desirable fruit, both as dwarf and standard,
and watching the successes and failiu-es of
fruit growers in this vicinity, and having read
with much interest the different experiences of
fruitgrowers, as discussed through your valuable
journal, I thought, with your consent, I would
state a few instances or peculiarities of the blight
in this section. One of my neighbors has an
orchard of about 200 standard pear trees, from
8 to 10 years set; soil a rich loam, underlaid
with coble. The latter is from 3 to 4 feet under.
The first 8 or 10 inches is a good loam in which
small flattish stone is pretty freely mingled, but
after the first 8 or 10 inches it becomes a clean
deep loam free from stone. The trees were set
about 15 feet apart each way, and head formed
3 to 4 feet high. The ground has been carefully
tilled with hoed crops, generally potatoes, but
sometimes a part of it has been planted to corn.
All have been pretty liberally manured with
barnyard manure, and, as a matter of course,,
the trees have made a splendid growth. The
sorts were mostly Bartlett, though some F.
Beauty, B. Bosc, B. Clairgeau and Vicar were

142

AXn CARDEM.K'S .MOXrill.V

VMay,

set. The liartlott and F. Beauty have borne
two or three nice rrops, aiul the I'niit was exeep-
tionally fine. In the year 1^75 about one-
tifth of the orchard was seeded down to clover,
and as it become pretty well mixed with weeds,
the wliole was mown and placed around the
trees in the last mentioned one-fifth for a mulch.
In the Spring of 187G the clover came on finely
and made a large growth, and getting down
early, and the season at tiiat time l)eing ^iretty
dry, he concluded to leave it, thinking to keep
the ground cool and moist. The Bartlett and
F. Beauty were cropping pretty well at the time,
but he noticed instead of the trees in the clover
making a fine growth they grew but lightly, and
tlie leaves turned a sickly color like ripening up,
while the trees in the cultivated portion of the
orchard grew finely. By the middle of August
some of the trees in the clover portion showed
patches of bark on the stems and larger
branches, signs of dying, and turned black,
while those standing in the cultivated portion
showed no signs of the disease, and have not to
this time, but have kept growing right along,
and have borne a fine crop the past season, 1877.
I should have said the F. Beauty are the only
trees that suffered severely. The Beurre Bose
and Bartlett ripened up their leaves early, and
made but small growth. Now was this the fire
blight, and if so, why did not the F. Beauty in
the cultivated portion show it also ? Or did a
portion of them, in both the cultivated and the
sod, receive a slight freezing of the sap the pre-
vious Winter and those in the cultivated portion
grow out of it ; and those in the sod being
checked by being vobbed of some of the essen-
tials by the crop of clover, and being already
weakened by the blight and taxed or deprived
by the clover could not throw it off, consequent-
ly the disea.se already seated, and the tree weak-
ened, as before stated, gave way at that time ?
Now was this the frozen sap blight or wa-s it
something else ? Would farther say none of the
trees died fully, but are slowly recovering.

Another, but still different case. Another
neighbor having a fine young orchard of Bartlett,
F. Beauty, B. Bose and Vicar about 8 or 10
years set, and the two former having borne a
couple of crops or so — the trees having stood in
sod for a few years, and not making satisfactory
growth — he decided to plow the orchard, wliich he
did in the Sjiring of 1877, and planted it to corn.
The trees started up and made a nice growth,
particularly the F. Beauty and Vicar. The

fornur set a fair crop of fruit and carrioc! it
tlu-(>UL:h finely. Shortly after the first cold snaj),
say about Noveml)er '20th, the F. Beauty and
A'icar showed signs of dying in part or whole,
the larger branches became suddenly shriveled
and partly dry. Sometimes the whole head, and
again a part of the branches, and occasionally
the stem in part or whole gave way, and up to
this dat(! tlie disease continues to make itself
manifest; and while the larger l)ranclies and
main stem become dry in part or whole, the
ends of the branches are fresh and apparently
healthy. Now, if this was caused by freezing of
the sap, when was it frozen ? When it was first
<lis{-overed the freezing had been very light. Or
(lid tliey receive their check the Winter previ-
ous, and being weakened by the crop of fruit
and the dry weather, which prevailed at that
time, cause them to give way at that late date ;
and if so why did the Vicar die also, having no
fruit to tax it? Did the crop of corn take from
the trees what was essential to their lives, and
if so, why did not the Bartlett and B. Bose also
die ? Trees of the F. Beauty, which matured a
bushel or more of fine fruit in 1877, are in some
cases now entirely dead.

OUTSIDE CRAPE BORDER.

BY D. G. R., CANAKDAIGUA, N. Y.

With your permission I will give a few prac-
tical remarks on outside grape borders which
will probably suit the enquirer on page 83.
Having the management of vineries which pro-
duced a fair crop of fruit but poor flavor, I
found the cause as I expected, i. c, insufficient
drainage and the roots almost all outside in a
temperature of 34° two feet below the surface,
and covered as you suggested. First, I drained
it properly and then added a few feet of inside
border. In the past season the result was no
shanking and a fair crop. This season they
have started strong and regular, look promising,
and are now in bloom (12th of March) ; while at
this date of the past year, under the same treat-
ment, a few shoots were nine inches long and
many not started. I presume the obvious suc-
cess is the result of drainage, and the inside bor-
der in which the roots have now grown consid-
erably. Temperature at the roots 73°, two feet
deep ; temperature of outside border 50°. For
forcing, from November to March, there
can be no doubt of the superiority of the inside
border practicalh'.

An outside border may be of benefit when the

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

143

Toots come into action before the full develop-
inent of foliage and branches, if after this only
useless laterals are produced.

If the outside border is persisted in it should
be covered with boards to throw oft' rain and
snow, otherwise the ground will be cooled down
"beyond the growing degree.

Under the heading of "Seasonable Hints" is
the following on pruning the grape vine : "These
latter become nothing but long rope-looking
■apologies for what a vine should be." There is
•more science in it than advocating training
them down a back wall. It is impossible to dis-
cuss this article in a few lines.

QUALITY AND CULTURE OF PEARS.

BY GEN. W. H. NOBLE, BRIDGEPORT, CONN.

Some recent notices in the Monthly on the
quality and culture of pears invite remark. It
is plain that the favorites in the garden and nur-
sery need sifting and change, and more rigid
tests of merit. When such a fickle and tedious
pear as the Buffum is held beside the princely
Sheldon, as mutual subjects of undeserved neg-
lect, it is plain that somebody lacks a taste
educated by a larger trial of kinds. The editor
packs an essay into his pungent counsel for a

• careful weeding out of lists and new methods in
their make-up.

The pith in " Lacon " about saints is very
•close in point as to pears, that "a good many
canonized as saints ought to have been cannon-
aded, and a large congregation cannonaded ought
to have been canonized." Special friends there
■always will be about this or that taste or texture
in a fruit. But that " there is no disputing
about tastes," long since laid down as an
axiom, only gains that force, when those who

• dispute know the whole of that wherein they
•difier. When, therefore, a lover of this or that
fruit rates it into the roll of honor, it is in point
to ask how much the judge knows about the
others, which the promotion of his favorite
■over-rides and out-laws.

Now, rank in pomology must not be left to
whim or caprice. Diplomas of merit should
only be granted under the test of strict rules and
•standards. Otherwise, as many opinions would
flash out about a fruit, as Avrangled of old over
the varied tinges, which from whim or environ-
ment, the chameleon wears. A like doughty

• debate was once held over the birth-place, name
:and merits of the Pinneo pear, whose worthless-

ness dawned upon the world in Eastern Con-
necticut.

The need of some closer tests of merit in a
fruit, and a new deal of kinds, is best shown by
an example. There is a pear of the same sea-
son as the Buftum (perhaps a little earlier)
never yet oft'ered on any regular sale list in this
country, yet in every quality of tree and fruit
very much its superior. This pear is the Heri-
cart. It is a Belgian pear, as old as Von Mons.
perhaps one of his seedlings. [Rone of our fruit
books but Elliot's has it rightly placed as to
I season, tree or fruit. It is nearly as large as a
Bartlett, ripens perfectly on the tree or in the
house, and does not readily Avilt. It is good as
j a worm-fall, or when picked from the ground at
\ full maturity. It never rots at the core, and is
very resistant to decay. Its flesh is butteiy,
juicy, and of the most delicate aroma. At ma-
turity it is a handsome pear, of a tender, but of
yellowish green, sometimes darker on one
cheek, with a rosy blush. It bears well every
year, and holds fast its fruit. Its tree-growth is
fairly vigorous, somewhat struggling and jagged
in youth, but shaping into graceful droop with
years. It is as hardy as an oak, and thrives
when the Bartlett fails and dies. It never mil-
dews or leaf-blights, but holds its rich, green,
broad foliage till late, maturing every twig.
Yet this pear is never heard of, while the Buf-
fum holds a choice place in every catalogue.

Xow, the Buftum, though so much favored, is
a very fickle pear. When picked at just the
right time, thinned so that each fruit gets full
size, carefully laid away in the house, and
watched for its exact point of ripening, it is a
good, and sometimes a very good pear; but if
you delay the picking or the eating beyond that
right time, or if when picked it is not favorably
placed as to its surroundings, or if it is not a
specimen grown large by the sacrifice of its fel-
lows, it is simply good for nothing, not a whit
better than the common Harvest pear, Amire
Johanette.

The very fact that of these two fruits of the
same kind and season, the inferior is so known
and cherished, while its superior seems " born
to blush unseen, and waste its sweetness,"
speaks for a new deal in fruits. Some should
come to the front, and others should " go away
into outer darkness." It proves, too, that one
fruit should not be placed high among the choice,
and another ignored or banished, except under
tests of quality less arbitrary than the individual

144

THE GARDENER'S MOXIIflA

[JAiv,

vote t>r l;i>tf. Tho chanros for whim nr intcrcHt
to {JO wroiifj, cviii under these, hespeakK the
wisdom of some lari^e, well-endowed horticul-
tural fiarden where kinds of promise should
have trial and test. About where that ouj^ht to
be and how sustained, I shall say more beyond.
In another article some simple rules for fixing
the merit of a fruit will be oflered. which may
do till better are devised.

NOTES ON NEW FRUITS.

in W. S. CAHPKNTKU, RYE, N. V.

I send you a few notes in regard to some of
the new fruits which I have been testing. Souv-
enir du Congress pear; fruit very large, bright
yellow, with a red cheek on the sunny side ;
quality good, and keeps well. Its large size and
fine appearance add to its market value. The
tree is a strong grown, comes early into bearing,
and produces large crops. It ripens a little be-
fore the Bartlett.

Pitmaston Duchess, a seedling of John Pit-
maston, of England. A very large handsome
pear, nearly of first quality. The tree is a good
grower, comes early into bearing, and with me is ;
a better pear in every way than the Duchess j
d'Angouleme ; ripens October. Beurre d'As-
sompsion ; fruit of the largest size, an early and
good bearer; )'ellow and red, very handsome,
melting and juicy, not high flavored. Ripens last
of July. Brockworth Park, a seedling of Mr. \
Laurence, of Brockworth Park, England. This
pear was sent out with high commendations,
but with me it is quite worthless. I have several
trees of this variety. It is a feeble grower,
and the fruit cracks badly. Ripens October.
Louis Vilmorin •, fruit large, color a fine cinna-
mon russet, flesh fine grained, juicy, perfumed,
sweet ; promising Winter pear. Ripens January.
Monsieur Heberlin ; tree a strong grower, hold-
ing its leaves till killed by the frost, a great
bearer; fruit large, yellow, very fine grained,
melting, juicy, sweet, slightly vinous. This pear
resembles the Bartlett in appearance, ripening
from one to two weeks later — September. \
Madame Andre Leroy, raised by Andre Leroy,
of Angers, France ; tree a good grower, fruit
large, but cracks badly ; October. President
Coupre, a very large pear, from Belgium;
color yellow with a brown cheek. A prom-
ising late keeping pear ; December. Compt.
Lelieur, a Belgian pear of large size, looking
much like Onondago, or Swan's Orange ; color
yellow, very juicy, quite promising. Chaumontel ;

d'Ete, or Siininur (hauniontcl ; Iruit large,
yellow with a line red cheek, handsome and good
(juality. A promising Summt-r pear; Augu.st.
St. Theresc, one of Leroy's seedlings, of
France ; fruit medium, skin yellow andbright red,
handsome and very good ; ripening in October.
Beurre Ballet Pere ; tree a strong grower, and
bears young, fruit large, yellow, handsome, and
good; October. Goodale ; this is a native seed-
ling, and promises to be valuable. The fruit
strongly resembles the Buerre d'Anjou, but
with me it is larger, and nearly xs large as that
fine pear. The tree is a strong grower and
holds its leaves late in the season. It is a great
bearer, and I think one of the most promising
varieties ripening in October. Micado, from
Japan. The leaves of this tree are very large
and ornamental. Fruit medium, very flat, dark
russet color, half melting ; ripening October.
Japan, another variety from that country which
promises to be valuable. The tree is very orna-
mental, leaves large and glossy, and a prodig-
ious bearer. Fruit quite large and nearly round ;
half melting. Skin a fine golden russet, a
beautiful fruit, fine for canning.

For the first time in ten years, the blight
has made its appearance, and left its mark on
a large number of pear trees. Some only a
small limb, others have lost one-half their limbs,
and in some instances the whole tree has been
destroyed. Some of our old apple orchards, last
fall, put on the appearance of a visit from the
seven year locust, the leaves on the ends of the
limbs from six inches to a foot, turned brown.
On examination I could not trace any insect, and
concluded that the blight that was destroying
our pear trees had attacked the apple trees.
This blight was more noticable on some varieties
than others. Rhode Island Greenings and Fall
Pippins suffered the most.

ON THE USE OF SULPHUR.

BY

Great care should be taken by authors in the
use of words to convey their meaning, for dis-
astrous results may sometimes follow by using
the wrong word, or not sulficiently explaining it
so that it ma}' be understood as it is intended.

In a much valued work on grape culture un-
der glass, now lying ])efore me, directions are
given for the use of sulphur as a remedy for red
spider and mildew, using these words, '' There
need be no fear of sulphur doing harm to the
foliage, so long as ignition does not take place;

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

145

it may be used with confidence ;" and in another
place these words are used, " "Without being
•ignited;^'' also in another work it is recom-
mended to scatter sulphur upon the brick flues,
hut care must taken not to let it ignite. Now I
do not believe there is any harm intended in the
use of the word ignite, but I have met intelli-
gent people who have an idea that to ignite
means to blaze ; that sulphur or any other sub-
■stance is not ignited when it comes in contact
with fire unless it blazes. I will cite a case to
the point : A wealthy lady of this town sent
her gardener to me last Fall to see if I knew of
■a remedy that would destroy red spider in the
hot-grapery. I gave him one in which sulphur
was to be used, but cautioned him to use great
care and not let it come in contact with fire un-
der any circumstances whatever. I saw no
more of him for nearh^ two weeks, when he
came back with a very long face and said that
he had done as I had advised him, but it had
not destroyed the largest of the red spiders.
His employer had been reading in a work on
grape culture that sulphur could be used as I
have quoted above ; so in order to finish
up the business, she ordered him to burn a very
small quantity to try it, but he must be very care-
ful not to let it ignite. Now you see she had
been misled into this error by the use of that
baneful word ignite, and the consequence was
the gas or fumes from the burning sulphur de-
stroyed every leaf in both the hot and cold
graperies, for she ordered him to treat both
houses to this dose. A little while after this hap-
pened I went to see those graperies, and I must
say that it was about the sorriest sight I ever
beheld ; every leaf was as brown as a piece of
leather. The grapes in the hot grapery had
ripened ofi" in very good order (quite a large
number of bunches still hanging on the vines)
before the igniting process had been applied,
and were not much injured, but those in the cold
grapery had just begun to color, and, of course,
were completely ruined. It was a scene of des-
olation I do not wish to see very soon again.

There is another case of a neighbor whom I
met on the street one day last Fall, and wished
I would go with him and tell him what was the
matter with his grapery. As soon as I entered
the house I thought it looked as if sulphur had
been burnt, and asked him if it was not so. He
said he had only burnt about as much as would
lay on a five-cent piece. He had heard some
one say that it was a good plan to burnit, and did

not suppose it would do any harm. He wanted
to get rid of those white thrips that were tor-
menting him so much. I told him that a small
quantity of burning sulphur was enough to de-
stroy everything that was green in a house of
that size, and if he had used the remedy I gave
him in the early part of the season, he would
have been all right.

I have written this article to show how easily
people may be led astray, and hope it may be
the means of saving some one the experience of
the two cases cited above ; and would say that
if sulphur must be used in a grapery or green-
house, never let it come in contact with fire, for
ruin will certainly follow such use of it.

EDITORIAL NOTES.

Mahaleb Stocks. — A correspondent of the
Rural New Yorker says : "The Mahaleb stock is
peculiarly liable to the attack of a worm at the
root, very similar to that infesting the peach
tree. Perhaps our entomologists can tail us
whether it is the same species."

If there is any insect preying on the Mahaleb
stock, it would be worth knowing ; but we fancy
the insects seen had no connection with the
injury. The questions put to the entomologists
seem to have been unaccompanied by specimens
of the insects.

Crescent Seedling Strawberry. — Many
years ago there was a variety with this name,
and some are afraid that the new one will be
mistaken for that; but we doubt whether there is
a plant of the old sort now in cultivation.

The Phylloxera.- -This little insect is on
its travels. At the latest accounts it had reached
Australia, and is receiving the attentions of the
grape growers there.

The Champagne Apple. — This has recently
been brought to notice by Col. Stichter, of Read-
ing, Pa. It was introduced by Mr. Fehr from
Switzerland, fifteen years ago, and grown in his
orchard as the " Champagne." Mr. Charles
Downing, judging from some specimens sent to
him, thinks it is an acquisition, and worthy of trial
in other localities ; and gives the following as
the description :

Fruit of medium size, ©blate, slightly angular;
skin smooth, almost waxen, pale, whitish yellow,
shaded with light red where tuUy exposed to the
sun, and a few scattering brown dots, which are
areoled on the colored side; stalk short, small;

146

/ // / r; . / A' djlA h A"s mo xv ///. ) ■

[May,

cavity rather large, deep, sometimes slightly '
russctcd ; calyx closed, segments long, recurved ;
basin rather small, nearly smooth; flesh white,
fine grained, tender, juicy, with a mild, sub-acid,
pleasant tlavor, slightly aronuUic ; core small.
quality very good.

Nkglectei) Okciiards. — The Country G'ew-
tleman explains that its paragraph, at p. 38, to '
which we referred in our March lumiber, was not j
really intended for "neglected" orchards, as |
stated in the paragrapii, but as a covert hit at
the theory of culture in grass. This explanation
surprise* still more than the original statement;
for what possible connection there can be
between an orchard well cultivated with grass,
corn, or potatoes, and one neglected and uncared
for, whether "grassy" or otherwise, it is hard to
see. We repeat that no sensible man expects to
get good fruit from a neglected orchard, whether
in Michigan, New York, or anywhere else.

DuYiNo Fkt^its and Vkc^etables. — The
progress made in the art of drying fruits and
vegetables has been very great of late years. It
does not pay any longer to string apples and
peaches like beads, and hang them from the
iiarret window. There are, however, some
small machines, such as the American drier, with
which any one who wishes to dry his own, can
still save the fruit for his own family use, and
perhaps save money by not having to buy. But

those will I have large quantities to do, and who
can make a Imsiness of dried fruit, liy the ex-
penditure of one or two thousand dcdlars can
put up driers, which, weight for weight, will
l)ut fruit on the market at lower rates than the
j)erfect and fresh gathered fruit can be. There
is now the Williams, a Michigan invention,
and the Alden, both in some respects rivals.
We have before us circulars of both, and both
have good points, the agents of each, f)f course^
dwell on these separate advantages to such
good purpose, that after a careful penisal the
reader will be most likely to feel that both are
decidedly the best However, on reading them
we have derived the advantage of being more
than ever impressed, that the fruit driers in
their several inventions deserve well of the
community. Only imagine — as the Williams'
claims — 600 pounds of apples dried in twenty-
four hours, at a cost of six and a half cents
per pound ! We have to pay live cents on our
streets for a " twenty ounce" apple weighing
less than half a pound.

SCRAPS AND QUERIES.

Japan Persimmons. — We have samples of
dried persimmons, from James Waters, of Wat-
sonvillc, California, of about the same good qual-
ity as those already noted in these pages. ,

Forestry.

COMMUNICA T/ONS.

CATALPA WOOD.

BY ('. S. S.

The wonderful durability of the wood of the
American Catalpa has long been known ; but
Mr. E. E. Barney, of Dayton, Ohio, has done
an excellent work in collecting together several
letters written by him at different times to the
Railway Age in regard to the economical value,
especially with reference to the employment,
wliich can be made of it, for railway sleepers.
To these letters are added satisfactory evidence
of the astonishing durability of the wood of this
tree, its adaptability to many useful purposes,
besides some excellent suggestions as to the best

methods for cultivating it. The whole forms a
neatly printed pamphlet of 2G pages under the
title of Facts and Information in Relation to the
Catalpa Tree [Catalpa bignonoides). which can be
procured from the author.

Mr. Barney calls attention to the fact, which
has hei-etofore escaped our notice, that in some of
our Western States a variety of the Catalpa is
found in cultivation with very large white blos-
soms,appearing two weeks earlier and much more
abundantly than in the common form. Exper-
iments, too, show that this early blooming vari-
ety is of more upright, rapid growth, and consid-
erably hardier, and so more valuable for forest
planting : a fact well worth bearing in mind.
To all with whom the question of a supply of
fence posts is getting to be a serious one, and

1S78.]

A ND HOR TICUL TURIS T.

147

especially to the managers and owners of rail-
roads, Mr. Barney's pamphlet will be found
useful and instructive readincj.

RELATION OF SOIL-TEXTURE TO TIM-
BER GROWTH.

BY L. J. TEMPLIN, HUTCHINSON, KAN.

Some time during the past season I read an
extract from the pen of one of our savans — Prof.
Winchell, I believe, on the above subject,
which, if I remember correctly, teaches doctrine
at variance with the facts of the case. The posi-
tion of the professor, as I now remember it, is
that the treeless condition of the prairies of the
West is caused by the physical condition of the
soil composing this part of the country. I under-
stand the article referred to teaches that a very
finely pulverized soil is not congenial to tree
growth ; that a coarse soil, with more or less
rocks and gravel, is essential to the growth of
timber. The Western prairies being composed
of very finely comminuted soil, are uncongenial,
and, indeed, detrimental to arboreous growth.
Assuming that I have correctly understood and
remembered the meaning of the author — for I
have not the article now before me, I object
to the teaching of the theory for the following
reasons : First — a soil of fine texture is not neces-
sarily unfriendly to tree growth. There is no
finer sc»il in the world than some of the clay soils
of Indiana and Ohio where timber grows, and
has for ages grown luxuriantly. Second — it is
not true that all the soils of the prairies is of the
fine tilth represented. It is true that a large part
of prairie soil is of vegetable origin, and of course
this is generally finely comminuted, but there
are extensive districts where rocks and gravel
abound, and they are yet as destitute of timber
as other parts. Portions of Kansas are as rocky
as the hills of Kew England, and yet are with-
out timber. True, in some cases, the summit of
I'ocky hills is crowned with timber, that it is
only where the grass grows so scant that the
annual fires can never reach them. Third — tim-
ber is found growing in ravines, and, especially,
on the borders of streams, out of the reach of
fire, but where the soil is as fine in texture as
can be found anywhere. Fourth — it is not true
that timber will not grow in the soil of our prairies.
The millions of trees now growing luxuriantly
in all the settled portions of the prairies in a suf-
ficient refutation of the assertion. I have been,
all my life, familiar with timber growth, hav-
ing grown up in intimate acquaintance with the

forests of Indiana; but I never saw, in that
State, timber grow with the rapidity and luxuri-
ance that it does here, on these vast plains.
Seedling trees set at one year old often grow
from five to seven feet the first year, and some
khids often make a growth of eight to twelve
feet in height, and one to one and one-half inches
in diameter, in a single season, after being estab-
lished. Does this look as though tlie soil of these
piraries is too fine for timber to grow ? I think not
Lastly — the soil of the Western prairies is as
various and diverse in both physical texture and
chemical constituents as that of any other part
of our country ; therefore, whatever may be the
cause of their treeless condition, it is clearly not
attributable to the fineness of the soil. The
cause of this distinction is, I think, clearly found
in the annual burnings that consume the grass
and with it all incipient tree growth. That this
is the cause is evident from the two following
considerations : First — it is abundantly adequate
to produce such a result. All over these plains
the fires have been accustomed to sweep every
year from time immemorial. These fires when
driven through the dry grass before a strong
breeze such as generally prevails during the
season that this burning takes place, are
almost resistless. These flames, when going
fairly with the wind, often travel with the
speed of a race horse, leaping sometimes
100 feet or more at a single bound. No smaL
timber can stand before such fires. A second
evidence that this the true explanation of the
absence of timber is the fact that, when-
ever the fires are kept out for a few j'ears a
spontaneous growth of timber comes i,n and takes
possession. All over these prairies are strag-
gling shrubs and seedling trees that want only
immunity from these destructive fires to spring
up and produce groves and forests.

THE EUCALYPTUS IN VIRGINIA.

BY HENY M. WORCESTEK, NOlfFOLK, VA.

\ am now prepared to report fully upon tlie
hardin(>ss of the Eucalyptus in this latitude.

E.bicolor (though with slight protection of straw
and matting) perished the last season— and this
is the mildest winter known since 1825 in this
section — proving it no more hardy than E. glo-
bulus aiul otlier varieties. I also lost Cassia
fistula (from Australia), when left out, slightly
protected •, which leads me to the conclusion that
Australian plants and shrubs will not stand out
north of Georgia. Our winters are too severe

UH

THE GARDENER'S MONTHLY

iMay,

for tluMii, and tho Eucn'yptus ^lobu'us is thore-
foro a faiu'iful (K'lusion, as far as any IxMicfits
our low, rial, swampy an<i malarious country is
to derive from its <j[enoral «iilture here, an in
Italy.

As a proof of tho unusual mildness of the
season, I will say I plucked a Louis Phillippe
Rose in my ijarden, in bloom, January 20th, and
the same bushes are now set with buds. The
Marechal Neil buds look as thouij;h a few more
<lay.s' warm sun would open them.

NORTHERN RANGE OF THE WILLOW
OAK.

I$Y J. STAITFFER, LANCASTER. I'A.

In the current number of your Journal for
April, 1H78, pa^e 113, .T. M. says : " It would be
interestiuij to know the farthest northern point
that the Willow Oak, Quercus phellos has been
found growing wild." In the spring of 1862,
Mr. Hensel, Sr., brought me a branchlet, with
leaves on it, of a beautiful large tree, growing
in an open field, as he informed me, desiring a
name for it, stating where it grew. I considered
it the Willow Oak. June 13th, 18G4, stopping,
with others, on our way to the Susquehanna, at
the public house in Martin ville, Lancaster Co.,
Pa., it occurred to me that we were near the
locality of said oak. On inquiry, one of the
party had seen the tree before, and Professor
Porter, then of Franklin College, had given him
the name. We walked out a short distance, and
sure enough, there stood a vigorous tree, densely
covered with its pretty foliage, forming a full
round head, about thirty feet high, a veritable
Quercus phellos. How it came there the oldest
inhabitant could not inform us. This brings it
somewhat farther north than Philadelphia.

EDITORIAL NOTES,

Value of Fast-growing Timber. — It is
worth noting on how slender foundation gener-
ally accepted theories often stand, and it ought
to be a lesson not to take all preaching for sound
doctrine. We all know how universally accepted,
a half century ago, the belief was that rapid-grow-
ing timber was good for nothing — only that which
grew slow was worth touching. People saw that
the Hickory and Oak grew slow, and that the
Willow and Poplar, which grew fast, were only
fit for the paper mill. But now we find that the

Ailanthus.Catalpa, Osage Orange, Mull)orry,and
tlie faster-growing kinds of Oaks. th(^ IJlue (ium,
and other fast-growing things, are among the
best timber trees in the world.

It was the old notion that liard timber grew

slow that created such a ghost in the public

mind about the disast<'rs to the nation to come

from the disappearance of the forests. When

timber gets scarce enough to make it prolitable

to raise more, the enterprising " Yank" will get

I up a new supply on short notice ; and he will not

I want to send a commissioner to Europe to find

out what trees grow fivstest in the American

climate, but will look to American facts for

I American people.

The Massachusetts Premiums for Tree-

I Planting. — The prizes for tree-planting offered

! by the Massachusetts Society for Promoting Ag-

I riculture have closed with tlurt^'-two entries,

principally from the eastern part of the State.

This competition necessitates the planting, this

Spring, fourteen acres with White Pine seed,

four acres with Scotch Pine seed, .')2,0U0 White

I Ash plants, and 30.500 European Larch.

Tea Culture in the South. — There is little
doubt, from all the facts l)efore us, but the real
Chinese Tea plant can be grown well, and the
article made cheap enough to have a commercial
value in some of the Southern States; and we
look for it in time to be as high among staple
Southern farm products as sugar or oranges.

The Catalpa Tree. — Mr. E. E. Barney, of
Dayton, O., has collected facts and issued a neat
pamphlet in regard to this tree, which we are
glad to see, having been among the first to call
attention to the great durability of its timber.

Dogwood Timrer. — It is found that the tim-
ber of Cornus florida, our common Dogwood, is
quite equal to Box Wood for some puposes to
which, in England, Box Wood has been wholly
in use ; and there is an annually increasing de-
mand for it on America. Recently one of the
American Line steamers from Philadelphia car-
ried out four hundred and fifty logs of it among
its cargo ; and a number go with many others.

Sycamore Timber. — The "Sycamore" of
English forestry Ls the Acer pseudo-platanas.
In this country we call it Sycamore Maple, to
avoid confusing it with the Sycamore or Button-
wood. The Journal of Forestry says the timber
is highly prized in Lancashire for cloth-finishing

AND HORTICULTURIST.

149

rollers in machinery, and is rather scarce. The
trunks of four trees, containing only 200 cubic
feet, on the estate of the Earl of Wilton, re-
cently sold for S125, which is considered very
high for timber in England.

Big Trees in Australia. — These do not seem
to be confined to Blue Gums. The Nelson Daily
Times of New Zealand states that a gigantic
Black Bii'ch tree was felled recently by a
surveyor's party at Staley Creek, near Ahaura.
It is stated to have measured fifty-seven feet in
circumference at the butt. But this "Black
Birch" must not be confounded with the Amer-
ican Black Birch — Betula rubra — though that
sometimes gro\*s to a very large size.

Notes on Tree-planting.— Prof. C. S. Sar-
gant. Director of the Botanic Garden and Ar-
boretum of Harvard University , has issued a very
interesting pamphlet on the subject. He re-
marks on the Red Pine, "Wild Black Cherry"
— Ulmus racemosa — Ailanthus,with minor notes
on other timber trees.

BiRNAM Woods. — Every reader of Shakes-
peare knows all about Birnam woods, as men-
tioned in Macbeth. From the Journal of Fores-
try we learn that three of the trees are yet
standing — two Oaks and one Plane tree — they
being over 1000 years old. Yet they are not
extra large for their age. The Oak is 18 feet,
and the Plane 19 feet 8 inches.

Oak Staves. — Louisiana and Mississippi are
asking why some Northern men do not come
down there and go into the oak stave business,
instead of building up th se industries in the
West, as the Oak is so abundant in these States.
It seems a strange question to ask. People gen-
erally go where they see other people making
money.

Coffee in California. — The Los Angeles
Express says that Badillo Brothers, of that place,
have fruited the genuine Arabian Coffee, but
that the success was not proportionate to the
labor and expense attending it.

Trees in North Carolina. — The following
are the dimensions of some North Carolina trees,
as reported from Cherokee county by the Board
of Agriculture of that State :

White Oak, 13 feet 4 inches in circumference,
and 50 feet to first limb ; Yellow Locust, 10 feet
circumferenc • , and 60 feet to first limb : Chestnut,
18 feet 6 inches in circumference ; Poplar, 11 feet

9 inches in circumference, 70 feet to first limb.
Poplar, 11 feet in circumference ,7 feet to first limb
Yellow Locust, 7 feet 7 inches in circumferennce
45 feet to first limb \ Shingle Oak, 11 feet in cir-
cumference, 60 feet to first limb ; Black Gum, 9
feet 7 inches in circumference, 40 feet to first
limb; Hickory, 9 feet in circumference, 50 feet
to first limb; Grape Vine at Valley Town, 18
inches in circumference.

The Mammoth Trees of California. —
Two thousand acres, including the famous mam-
moth grove of Sequoia gigantea, were recently
sold at public sale to S. W. Sperry, of Calaveras
county, who, if is believed, will take good care
of them.

SCRAPS AND QUERIES.

Value of Cherry Timber. — A correspon-
dent asks : " Why do you think the wood of the
escaped Garden Cherry is better for cabinet work
than that of C.serotirui? See G. Monthly, p. 144,
April No. Have you ever seen the former used?
and when and where shown. lam interested in the
subject of this Wild Cherry wood, as you have
seen , if you have read my last ' Notes ;' but 1
want to get any additional information I can on
the subject. So your paragraph at once arrested
my attention and causes this inquu-y."

[The Wild Cherry, which is indigenous (Ce-
rasus serotina), and the Wild Cherry which is an
escape from our gardens, are both in abundance
in the vicinity of Philadelphia. One is as easy
to be obtained as the other. We have since
learned that both are used, and both highly
esteemed, and in many cases where the wild
garden cherry is not to be had, the cerasus sero-
tina is wholly employed. — Ed. G. M.]

Black or Yellow Locust. — D. says : " We
consulted your book, but could not ascertain
from it if Robinia pseudo acacia (Yellow Locust)
is the same as White and Black Locust, and if
it is only the soil that makes the difference. We
find in Bryant's Forest-Tree Culturist, that he
claims they are different, but gives them all
under the head as above. An early answer will
oblige."

[Does any one know of any difierence in the
wood or location, tluit gave rise to the distinctive
names of Yellow and Black? — Ed. G. M.]

150

THE GARDKNKR'S MOAT///.)

Mii^

Natural History and Science.

C()MMCX/C.ir/0\S.

THE ENGLISH IVY WILD.

MY n. F. I,., rilll.ADKI.rillA.

Some days siiuH'. whilst scuri'liiiij; tor wild
(lowers, ill a forest on the lirandywine, about
a Ii:ilt'-inilo above Wilmimrton. I)<>1.. I discovered
the KuLrlish ivy — Iledera helix— ijrowint; over the
exposed roots and the lower portion of the trunk
of a tree, lifteeu or twenty years of age. No
house, nor barn, nor ruined wall was in sight
from the spot where the specimen was found,
and I could see no reason why any one should
have selected this particular tree and place for
setting out the plant.

Had the tree been a beech, and had 1 found
four and a half feet directly above the ivy a pair
of monograms sunk with a knife deeply into the
bark, and surrounded by symbols, carefully cut,
but of mysterious import, I would have strongly
suspected the planting to have Iteen the work of
man.

The circumstances in this case I think certainly
prov: that a little bird planted the seed, and
that Hedera helix, if it has not heretofore been
detected away from its proper wall, or garden
border, will have hereafter to be classed among
the strays. Perhaps some of the readers of the
Monthly miytell us whether this waywardness
is of old or recent date.

CONCERNING TWO SPECIES OF APPLE.

BY HON. WILLAED C. FLAGG, MOKO, ILL.

Considering the gi-eat economic importance of
the apple to the inhabitants of the north tem-
perate zone, I must confess I am disgusted at
the small amount of attention it has received
from our botanists. The native species of the
Old AVorld, even, do not seem to be well studied
and characterized, and our New World botanists
have probably not improved on this condition of
things.

Nevertheless, I wish to bring before your
botanical as well as horticultural readers tw^o
species that I think should be better known, for
the purpose of eliciting such information as may
exist concerning them.

OUK(JON « If.VH .\nM.K,
' Pi/r"s rivularis. Doug. It seems to bt- li'.;Mred
with the incorrect name of I' i/rus corona/ ia m
the report of the De])artment of Atrriculture,
1S70. p. 414. (See cut. Fig. 1 , herewith). Dr.
Vascy, in liis report on the Forest Trees of the
Ignited States, in the report for 1875, describes it
as a '"small tree, ranging from California north-
ward into Ala.^ka. The fruit is of the size of a
cherry, of an agreeabh; llavor.anil used. particular-
ly in Alaska,by the natives of the conn try for food,"

In Washington Territory, according to a pam-
phlet b}' Mrs. Stuart (187;')), " the Crab apple in
many localities forms orchards on the prairies.
Its presence is an indication of good soil. The
wood is hard and tough, anri the fruit well
flavored."

Has this tree been fruited or planted on this
side of the Rocky Mountams? Has the close-
ness of its relationship to other species of the
ajiple been tested by budding or grafting one
upon the other? Has it more hardiness than
other species in endurance of cold, &c. ? Does
it promise by such a process of amelioration as
the Siberian Crab is now going through to be-
come a valuable fruit ?

Leaving these questions to get aiiswered, I
would next ask for information concerning the

OHIA.

Lindley, in his Vegetable Kingdom, mentions
an indigenous and solitary species of apple
as found in the Sandwich Islands. James, in his
history of the Sandwich Islands, mentions among
the indigenous and plentiful fruits "the Ohia
juicy and red, but of poor flavor." Whitney,
in his Hawaiian Guide Book (Honolulu, 1875),
describes

THE LARGEST APPLK OHf'IIAKO rX TIIK WORLD.

" The wilderness of Kr)olan. Main, contains a
forest of Oftias (native wild apple trees) count-
less in number, stretching from the sea far up
the mountain sides. The trees vary from forty
to tifty feet in height, and in the harvest season,
from July to September, are covered with fi'uit,
some white, but mostly red. We passed through
the forest when the trees were loaded with ripe
and ripening apples. What a sight ! For miles
around us, up the mountain and toward the sea-
shore, was one vast ijrove of Ohias, literally red

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

151

•with ripe fruit, their branches bending to the and solitary waste, would fill a fleet of one hun-
ground with the bounteous harvest. Birds of dred steamers of the size of the Mikado, for the
gorgeous colors of mingled red. blue, green, orchard stretches from five to ten miles wide by
yellow and black, were feasting in countless twenty miles long, and many of the larger trees

numbers, and making the forest ring with hap- bear at least fifty barrels [bushels ?] apiece. The
■py choruses. The crop of these orchards which fruit furnishes the traveler excellent repast, ap-
inature has planted so generously in this wild peasiug both thirst and hunger. So far as is

152

THE GARDENER'S MONTH L Y

\_May\

now known no conimen-ial use can bo made of
the Ohia, iis when rijx' it cannot be kept more
than four days."

"Wlio can tell us sonietliinu ol' tliis apple? I
have not been able to ascertain its botanical
name, nor to learn whether it l»e a true ai)ple.
Have any of our Southern California horticul-
turists experimented with it ? It is possible that
for the extreme Southern States here is some-
thing worth a trial.

[This article possesses a melancholy interest
in beinj:;, perhaps, the last literary production of
our friend, who died on the 30th of March, it
having been received by us a little while before.
There was nothing to indicate any fear of losing
liim beyond the line, " Haven't felt well enough
to write a letter, or I should have written," in
a brief note with the article.

The upper figure in the engraving is the
Pyrus.— Ed. G. M.]

EDITORIAL NOTES.

An Arboretum at Nashville. — By the
Nashville Daily American of March 2Gth, we
learn that the Vanderbilt University has decided
to plant a complete arboretum on the grounds.
They have started with two hundred and fifty
species of deciduous trees and shrubs, contrib-
uted by a member of the American Association
for the advancement of Science, which body
held its annual session there last year.

The Vegetative and Reproductive
Forces. — The Seeding of Wistaria sinensis is a
subject full of interest for the vegetable physi-
ologist, and especially for the Darwinist. At
the last meeting of the Linnean Society a paper
from Mr. T. Meehan was communicated by the
Rev. G. Henslow, " On the Laws governing the
Production of Seed in Wistaria sinensis.''^ The
author alludes to the fact that the Wistaria,
when supported, grows amazingly, but is seed-
less; on the contrary, the self-supporting so-
called " tree Wistarias," produce seeds abun-
dantly. These cases illustrate the difference
between vegetative and reproductive force. They
are not antagonistic, but supplement each oth-er.
While Wistaria flowers freely without seeding,
it has been supposed this arises from the bees
not cross fertilizing. Mr. Meehan submits data,
however, in which he thinks the question lies

rather in the harmonious relatiftn between the-
two above nutritive powers than with insect
polbnizatloii. — Gardeners' Magazine.

llii.l.s (IK ri;NN'svL\'AM.\. — By the Proceed-
ings of (he American Pbilosophieal Society for
1.^77. we (ind that the highest land in Indiana
county, Pa., is on the divide between the Alle-
gheny and Susquehanna rivers, and is put down
as I'.iyy feet.

March Weather at Saratoga, N. York. —
Py the record at Terwilliger's greenhouses, it,
appears that the warmest day was 64°, the
coldest 8° above zero, and the average for the
month 38° — variety enough to please the most,
fastidious.

SCRAPS AND OUERIES.

The English Sparrow. — M. C, Fort Dodge,.
Iowa, writes : '' I see by the public papers that
you are having an excitement about the English,
sparrow, and are trying to make laws to drive
him out. Some of our people are anxious to get
the bird to our western towns, but I hope you
will give them a word of warning as to the folly
of the thing from your Philadelphia experience.
I have just had a word of warning from a relia-
ble Englishman. He tells me that since the
introduction of the sparrow to the English,
dominions it has driven out all the other singing
birds. That at one time England was the home of
the sky-lark, the nightingale, the goldfinch, the
thrush, blackbird, and many sweet singers, but,
that they have all taken their fiight across the-
straits of Dover, and that there is hardl}' a bird!
left but the sparrow in all England. He says-
that the grape was once a great product of Eng-
land, and wine was made there eciual to the best
in France, but the introduction of the sparrows
has effectually killed the wine trade. The apple
and the pear tree never fruit any more, since'
these raj)scallions eat out all the blossom buds,
and that thousands of orchards in the old cider--
making districts have had to be cut down for fire-
wood, as never an apple do they bear any more.
He says that whole flocks of the good old-fash-
ioned song birds may be seen any day collecting
at Dover to fly across to France to get out of the
way of those pugnacious sparrows, and leave
forever their native land. The grain crops, he

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

155

says, suffer like fruit — at least half the product go-
ing to these feathered robbers ; and when he left
the Old Country they were about getting an act
of parliament, a sort of legislation I suppose, to
reimburse the farmers for the loss through the
English government having introduced the bird.
He is sure that the scarcity of bread-stuffs in
England is from the prevalence of the sparrow,
which are as thick there as the sands of the sea,
and he thinks that the bird must have been sent
over here by some enemy of our countr}', who
was jealous of our sending so much bread-stuff
to England. Now, Mr. Editor, surely a word to
the wise is sufficient •, and if you are going to
expel the wretch from Philadelphia, don't let
him come here."

[All this is news to us in Philadelphia. That
reliable Englishman would make a good war
correspondent in the next fight between Russia
and England. We will only speak for Phila-
delphia, that she grows as many apples and
pears as she ever did. Our own pear and apple
trees bear abundantly, and swarm with spar-
rows. There were no insectivorous birds in
Philadelphia before the sparrows came, and
therefore, insects abounded. It was because they
abounded that the sparrow was introduced. Since
they came here the measuring caterpillar does not
exist. They do not care greatly for caterpillars,
but they have a great love for the moths which
lay the eggs, and that suits Philadelphians Just
as well. As for there being any excitement m
Philadelphia, we have not heard of it. There
are, of course, some who, like our correspon-
dent, listen to " reliable reports " of others, and
who can readily trace the apparition of their
great-grandparents in an old tree stump by
night, who think the sparrows are dreadful
things. But such people always will have an
existence. As to the sparrow itself, it is cer-
tainly not an unmixed good, and it will, there-
fore, get friends and enemies, just as people
happen to look at its work in relation to their
own desires. — Ed. G. M.]

A Chkistmas Floavek. — Reader, Burling-
ton, N. J., writes : '' Having noticed the follow-
mg article in different papers, copied from the
Easton Free Press : Last year we made men-
tion of a curious plant which John Atwalt had
in his garden. On Christmas eve, true to its
nature, the ' Christa watzel' was up out of the
frozen ground; and between 12 and 2 o'clock
Clu-istmas morning it bloomed. To-day (April

8th) it has disappeared and there is no trace of it
left." Can you give any information on the sub-
ject ? I can find nothing of it in any of the works
on Botan}'- Please answer through the columns
of the Gardener's Monthlv next month and
oblige."

[We are -not sufficiently versed in the German
vernacular names of plants to identify this for our
correspondent, — but the account reads very much
as if the plant might be the Black Hellebore
which is called Schwarze Christwurz in Germany.
The German family name of the Hellebore is
Neisswurz. In England it is known as Christ-
mas Rose. It is generally in flower about
Christmas, and continues to send up flowers till
March, when it ceases to bloom. — Ed. G. M.]

Botanical Xames of the Sweet Potato..
— In our last we gave Convolvulus Batatas, as
the name of the Sweet Potato. Convolvulus
and Ipomtee have many points in common, and
some botanists confuse them. But this species,
is properly related to the last, and shoifld strictly
be Ipomoea — not Convolvulus Batatas.

Imatophyllum. — "Plausible and amusing as
is the theory," says a correspondent, "that this
name began as Himantophyllum, and droppedl
its H in London, the reverse happens to be true.
It began in the Botanical Magazine, in 1828, as
Imatophyllum, and got its H, also the n in its
middle, in Germany, from Sprengel, sometime
afterwards. The n was put in for a very good
reason, and one that goes against your Cuyahoga
correspondent's surmise. The name is said, in
the Botanical Magazine, to have the first part
from ' I;uaj, ijxaToi, a thong or strap.' Kow, i|Ua$.
does not make its genitive t;uafo{ , but ijuavroj,.
in our letters imantos, or with the aspirate
which belongs to it, himantos. As to the drop-
ping of the H in London, the editor of the
Monthly is aware that though usually dropped
in ' Olborn' and 'Ighgate,' it is picked up at
Hepping and ' Hessex,' and many other places
around London."

Insectivorous Plants. — Miss M. M. writes :
I have just finished Darwin's Insectivorous
Plants" and see in Field and Forest for Novem-
ber, that C. de Candolle has been investigating
the structures and movements of the leaves of
Dioncea muscipula with the following results :
The absorption of animal matters is no direct
advantage to the leaves, and not necessary for
the development of the plant.

2. The margijial appendiiges and edge of th.es

l')i

THE (iARPhXr.R'S M().\rill.y

\.\Jay.

loaf art' tlislinct tVuiu tlic nMiiaindiT of tin' leaf '». Tin- stnitiurcs and (lc\ rlDjuiicnls of \\\c

and their motion is not simiillaiu'oiis witli ihat leaves s(i<j<;est the iivpolhesis that tlie inove-

of the *'rhip])ers." nieiits of tlie " elajipeis" are dii'- to variahh*

:^. Thestellatoa hair> and LrlamK are developed turLTCseonse (absorptions of sap) on n])pi'r

from the ejiidermis, hnt the sensitive hairs tVom parenchynial surface alone,

the snh-epidernial tissnes. ii. Sensitive liairs are the active oriians that

4. Stoniata exist on both sid.-s of the leaf, hut convey the impulse of irritation direct to the

only on the under sides of the "(dappers." sul>-epidermal tissues. — //o/. Zeifunir, <)d. 1S77.

Literature, Travels i Personal Notes,

COM ML \Y/C\i TlOyS.

POST OFFICE LAWS.

HY KLIlir IIAL1>, ATHENS, ILL.

Since it turns out that our members of Con-
gress pass laws that are lia])le to be evaded by
their dishonest constituents (judging us, of course,
by themi^elves), taking this, the most charita-
ble view of the situation, for we do not want to
believe they are inHuenced by the express com-
panies" money. I would suggest that you origi-
nate in your journal a petition to the honest
members of Congress, to be signed by postal
card, addressed to you, and by j'ou presented to
the cleverest member you know of, for the law
to be so changed as to not admit of a construction
that excludes from the benefits of the office
Agriculturists, Horticulturists, Seedsmen, and
Scientists, in the transmission of their i)roducts.
The principle feature of the petition to be that
parcels of plants, seeds, specimens in natural
history, «&c., maj' be sent through the mails at
the rate now fixed by law, with labels or tickets,
printed or written, securely tied to secure safety
in transmission, subject only to inspection at the
delivery office by the sender paying three cents
additional to the amount required by law. This
would be a boon to thousands of us who do not
care so much about saving a penny as we do
about losing a pound, and certainly ought to
save us from suspicion of stealing our messages
through, when we could send them on a postal
card. This, it is true, would be an additional
burden imposed upon this large class of respect-
able (except in certain high law-making quar-
ters) citizens. Yet I believe that all who are
prescribed by recent constructions and rulings in
the law, from the use of the mails at all, would
gladly welcome this additional tax on their busi-
ness than be deprived wholly of its benefits ; aud

let us all pray that the time may come when
writing on the wrapper of a parcel of seeds, the
word '"seeds" shall not subject the whole to letter
postage. What a terrible olTence to somebody
that must be I Were any other people but our-
selves ever guilty of such ridiculous absurdity ?

THE WEEPING WILLOW IN NEW
ENGLAND.

liV WILLIAM NISI5KTT, I'llOVIDENX'K, K. 1.

In a recent number of the Monthly, you
made inquiry concerning the introduction of the
Weeping Willow into Xew England, and also
about the Xapoleon Willow, introduced b}' Capt.
Jacob Smith, into Rhode Island.

It was in the year '1826 that Captain Smith,
who had touched at St. Helena on his homeward
voyage from the East Indies, presented a plant
of Weeping Willow to a gentleman of this city,
(the late well known and much respected
Thomas P. Ives, Esq.), who had it planted in his
garden. It was a slip taken from the tree, grow-
ing over Napoleon's grave in that island, which
the Captain planted and brought home in a nail
keg. This I learned from the person who set
out the tree. I saw this tree, for the first time,
in 1844. It was then a vigorous and shapely
tree, the parent of a numerous progeny, and
an object of no small interest.

In the month of December, 18GG, it fell to me
as gardener, to take down this notable tree. It
had become much decayed, and was in danger of
being blown down at any time, to the damage
of surrounding objects.

When prostrate, the trunk presented a singu-
lar spectacle. The interior for many feet from
the ground was completely rotten. Much of this
decayed mass had become geimine vegetable
mould. Into this, the tree in its efforts to live,
had sent numerous rootlets. One of these was

187S.]

AND HORirCULTURIST.

155

seven or eight feet loiij;. thicker than a hoe han-
dle, penetrating and rooting tirnilj' in the ground.
Tlie tree, two feet from the ground, was
tkirteen feet in circumference, about sixty-five
feet in height. The expanse of branches was also
about sixty-five feet.

For aught I know, Captain cjmith may have
introduced other trees besides this one, but I
never heard of any other.

Tiie Napoleon Willow was introduced into
Britain in 1823. In Loudon's Hortus Britanicus,
published in 1830, it is put down as a distinct
species (Salix Napoleona) and as an ever-
green house plant or tree ! But coming from a
trt^pical island, and being then but comparatively
of recent introduction, this is not much to be
wondered at. Before the above period (1830),
my father planted a specimen of it in the gardens
he had charge of, in the south of Scotland, wliich
I think Mr. London must have seen hardy and
thriving, the following year, when he visited the
gardens in his tour throughout the country
" taking notes." I remember him well, and the
sensation he used to make amongst the gardeners
upon such occasions. But withal, he was a
w^orthy and a talented man — a great friend of
gardeners and gardening.

The Xripoleon Willow is now, I believe, very
generally considered merely a variety of the old
Weeping Willow. Na/i> Bnbylonica. introduced
into England in 1(392 from the Levant. Travel-
ers say it still adorns the l^anks of the Euphrates,
as in the days of Daniel and the captivity of
-Tudah, when it was immortalized in the language
of one of the most beautiful and pathetic of the
inspired Psalms.

I am not sure whether the Weeping Willow is
indigenous to St. Helena or not, but incline to
believe it was introduced to the Island from
England during the latter half of the last cen-
tury, when a great variety of all sorts of trees
and shrubs were introduced, including even
Furze and Scotch pine, for fuel and also protec-
tion in exposed situations. I was well acquainted
Vvith a person who could have easily informed
me, and have often felt sorry I never
inquired of him concerning the Napoleon
Willow. This was Mr. William Thomson, with
whom I worked many a day, some forty odd
years ago, in Messrs. Dickson & Co.'s nursery,
Edinburgh. He spent a number of years as a
soldier on the island, and having been brought
yp to gardening before joining the army, he was
detailed to lo(jk after the grounds around Long-

wood house, the abode of Napoleon during his
exile. These grounds he said w^ere nothing very
exti'a, consisting of some sort of a lawn, with
walks, some trees, shrubs and a few flowers.
Mr Thomson could tell much about the island,
its productions and the exiled Emperor, whom
it would appear, manifested but very little in-
terest in gardening affairs (as indeed it could not
be expected he should in his then situation ;)
walking, however, much around the grounds,
and often at a quick pace, seldom meeting or
speaking to any one, being seemingly always
absorbed in deep thought. When Napoleon's
remains were removed to France, many years
ago, I remember Mr. Loudon considered the
Willow that grew over his grave an object of
sufficient interest to cause him to apply to the
Government to have it properly cared for.

As to the introduction of the Weeping or
Babylonian Willow into New England, from
all I can learn or judge of, I think it must have
been introduced in Colonial times. Large and
very old specimens abound in many places. The
common yellow branched or Golden Willow,
Salix vitellina, the Hawthorn, the Lilac, the
Sweet Briar or Eglantine, and even the Barberry
and many other trees, shrubs and plants, un-
doubtedly were very early introduced from old
England. The largest Hawthorn tree, I think,
I ever saw, was growmg and thriving in this city
a few yeax's ago. It had to be cut down to make
way for a new street. It must have been, judg-
ing by its appearance, nearly two hundred years
old. In fa,ct the early settlers ot New England
with true English instinct, appear to have had
much more taste for gardening and love of Nature
than is generalh' supposed. Endeavoring to in-
troduce whatever was useful, familiar and loved
by them at home, or that would remind them of
the old ancestral land. Many of these are now
found in a wild state all over the country, making
it difficult to determine whether they are in-
digenous or not.

But I must stop this. I have digressed and
transgressed enough. I am happy to see the
Monthly improving and growing. I have
taken it from the beginning, and could not do
without it now by an}^ means. There is always
something in it for the novice and the proficient,
the amateur and the professional, the simple
and the scientific. I hope j'^ou will continue to
give us a few more of your European notes.
Theyare vastly more valuable than many people's
notes these hard times. What has become of

ir>()

THE GARDENER'S MONTJJL )

iMay.

your corrospondont Mr. llanlin*:. wlio used to
ijive us siuh intorosiinj; and valuable accounts
of his travels in Australia, &c. ? I should like
to see some more of the same from him ajjain.
(We have one from Mr. II. to appear sov-.n. Ei).|

liPlTORIAI. XOTIiS.

ETHorE.vx Notes, by the Editoh. — No. '.(.—
While on the subject of public parks, it may
be as well to cross the Knplish Channel, and
look at some of the French ones. thoujj;h we
shall have to come back to Old Enj^land for
other matters before we return to America. We
have to cross the sea to get to France, as most
of the readers know, and as I like the sea I nat-
urally chose the lonirest way of <;oing across. I
may say I love the sea. She and I were always
bosom friends. Once when in the darkness
around me, I had to swim for life on her broad
waters, with no knowledge of the compass
points, and I was as likely to go away as
toward the shore, she brought me though insen-
sible to land; and on another occasion, when in
the caliin and our vessel sunk to the bottom, she
kindly helped me out of my little prison, and
favored me over other unfortunates in aiding me
to swim to shoi'e. There are few tilings so sweet to
me a.s to be rocked to sleep by my good old friend;
so instead of the hour or so required for a toss
over the Straits of Dover, I got on a steamboat
at New Haven about dark, went at once to my
berth, and, after a sound sleep, woke at eight
o'clock next morning to find the boat at Dieppe,
in France. But I must skip some days of obser-
vations in the fields and forests, gardens and
orchards, and go at once to my task of describing
the public gardens of Paris. I have been told,
and no doubt the reader has often been told, that
Paris is France; but I can say that whoever take s
this saying in an universal sense, will miss
something if he does not see France for himself
as well as Paris. Most travelers make a fatal
mistake here. They go to a few large cities, or
to some special points, as perhaps picture galler-
ies, churches, nurseries, and the public gardens,
the grand stores, the Boulevards and the Royal
Palaces, and they have "seen France." But the
France of the guide books and guides in general,
is very different from France as one may find it
if he will only use his own judgment and go
poking about for himself. He may find at first,
as I did, that the French language he thought
he knew, may do to make himself fairly under-

stood, but if will fake a few days to understand
the rapid; liuhtniiig-like sounds you hear in reply
tc» your (juestions. Slill it is well worth trying
by one will) wants to see France. It is probable
ih;ii tbc reason why foreigners keep to the large
cities is (in account of the difficulties of the lan-
iruage. In all the large cities people who speak
English are common. It is remarkable that so
few English people though so near France know
French. Once our train stopped for some reason
some fifteen miimtes in a long, dark tunnel. It
was not long before nois}- shouts and jokes came
out all along the line from the numerous coach-
es forming the train, but not a word of French
did I hear. 1 sujipose this "Who's afraid?" way
of shouting, under these circumstances, is
not a French characteristic. However it
showed me there were many English
people on the train, but, thouiih for some reason
we were detained at our journey's end, and I had
a chance to mix with this crowd of English-
speaking people, I did not find one who knew
French. Such people cannot see France.

As to the Public Gardens of Paris, a beautiful
little one is that called the garden of the city of
Paris, in the Rue d'Anjou. It is well worth
visiting by those who wish to see how beautiful
a little piece of ground can be made. The spot
was the place where Louis XVI and Marie Antoi-
nette were beheaded jtnd buried during the Revo-
lutionary troubles. The bodies were afterwards
removed to the Cathedral of St. Denis, and a
memorial chapel built by Louis XVIII on the
ground, and the little plot about it laid out for
the public. Immediately around the building the
ground is arranged in parallelograms, well in
accord with the style, and the only plants used
in the decorations are green grass, borders of ever-
green ivy, box edging, and standard roses, which
come from among the trailing ivy up to three or
four feet from the cround, and furnish all the
sweet fiowers that teil the bees the story of the
dead.

The little square forms the entrance, as it were,
to the Memorial Grounds. The peculiar feature
of the landscape gardening is the raising and
lowering of the ground so as to produce an un-
dulating surface, on what would otherwise be
naturally a level piece of ground. It requires an
immense amount of true art to conceal the fsict
! that these undulations were made by the hand
of man, yet it is just here that the art is success-
ful. It strikes the eye as a naturally rolling
piece of ground, and which mail has simply pol-

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

157

ished and put in order. In such a small place all
the room possible is required, hence very little
planting had to be indulged in, and the effect is
obtained by very thick masses of shrubs, judi-
ciously placed. They have, of course, an advan-
tage in this sort of work over us in the
kind of plants they can use. These masess were
of Aucubas, Hollies, Privet, Euonymus, Yews
and similar things which are not suitable to our
gardens, and we have no substitutes. The most
common trees in the little park were the Plane
and the false Phxne or Sycamore Maple, Horse
Chestnuts, and I was pleased to note a very
pretty specimen of our own Kentucky Coffee-tree
— pleased because our American trees are aston-
ishingly rare in these foreign countries. I will
digress a little here to say that there is a great
exception to this in the Yellow Locust or "Aca-
cia," as they call it here. It is all over France,
and grows with a luxuriance and blooms with a
heauty we never see in our own land. It was a
new instance of a fact not new, that nature does
not arrange things over the earth for their own
good so far as vigorous growth may be to their
good, though it is, doubtless, to the ultimate
good of these respective races, that they grow
where they are found.

The leading streets of Paris are in a measure
public gardens, by the care taken of their
street trees. That is to say in their leading or
wide streets, known as Boulevards. These trees
are generally the Plane or Sycamore, or But-
tonwood, as our people would say. They are
set three feet from the curb, which prevents
destruction by horses. The pavements are of
broad flag stones, under which trees vrould not
grow in ordinary cases ; but here they have a
circle of six feet wide exposed around each tree,
but covered with an iron grating, so that the
rain can get in, and the roots come up to have
the advantage of the air. Men are employed to
water the trees durijag the Summer season,
small hose on wheels are drawn about and the
nozzle applied to the circle at evening when the
trees are watered. I was told in Paris that it
cost the city about $16 a tree a year to look after
them. It seemed to me agreat price, and I still do
not think my informant can have had the figures
right ; but they certainly do cost something, and
deservedly so, for these streets would be nothing
without them, and I am sure the Parisians would
not lose them for double the cost. We
have heard a great deal about the wonderfully
large trees they move in Paris, and the delicate

machinery used in the operations. I took the
trouble to hunt up some of these famous illus-
trations and found they were, as a rule, not half
the size of the large trees which are continually
being moved about Germantown, and perhaps
near large American cities generally, at not a
tithe of the expense, and I was forced to the
conclusion, that though in a great many old arts
in gardening we are a long way behind the
French, in the art of moving large trees, thej
might take good lessens from us instead of our
learning from them.

In the gardens of the Tuileries a large number
of these trees had been moved last year, and
the expense of the machinery was heavy. A
gardener told me the cost was near 200 francs
per tree or about S40 of our money, which would
be heavy even for us. I sought out the largest,
which was only twenty- four inches round, most
of them only fifteen inches. These were chiefly
of Horsechestnut and Elm trees, not at all hard
to transplant, and men were then in the early
part of July daily watering them. The Elms
of the public parks of Chicago, moved under Mr.
Cleveland's direction, would astonish the French
gardeners. The gardens of the Tuileries were
not up to the idea I had formed of them. The
most striking feature, and this in contrast with
English, and still more American gardening,
was the great number of men employed in doing
a very little work. The flower beds are fre-
quently watered, and this, of course, cakes the
ground a little. Early in the morning, before the
watering, men are employed cracking the ground
with finger and thumb, breaking up the surface.
Around the grounds are huge orange trees in
tubs, brought annually from Versailles, and two
men to a tree were employed in pruning and
picking the leaves so that one tree did not extend
an inch more out of line than another. Under
this pruning and pinching system the gardener in
charge informed me they never bore fruit,
plenty of flowers being the only aim. They
were then being syringed with tobacco water, to
keep down insects. It shows that even in these
favored regions, as we suppose, it is only hard
labor that keeps down insects and disease.

The Luxembourg Palace gardens are, on the
whole, more interesting than those of the Tuil-
eries. Sunk gardens, grass, and box-edging are
brought into good company with architeetural
ornaments, which abound. Our Virginian creeper
is more used in these gardens than I have seen
anywhere. In some cases it is led from tree to

lf)S

THE GARDENER'S MOXTIII )

\^May,

trt'c iiloiiL' str;iii:lit Jivciiucs. swcrpiiiL.' <iii\vii to
the ^roiitid ami up a^aiii. luakiui; a living <lra-
pcrv of wrcatlis and f't'sdions in coiiiiocfion witli
vases and sUitiu's. that vvius particularly jilfasiu^^.
A li'adiu^ feature »>f tiie Luxeiubouri^ j,'ardens is
the statuary, all in historic connection with events
in F'rcneh history. There is St. Genevieve, the
Saint Patroness of Paris, her hair, though braided,
extendiiiLT to within afoot of her toes; andwithsueh
beautiful features that, if a true representative
of the lady, an artist niii;ht have canonized her
for her beauty alone; though the Holy See had
neglected to reward her virtues. Then there is
.Marie Stuart, '* Ueine de France 1549-1.587"— a.s
the inscription tells us — and many other celeb-
rities, especially of the female sex. The Pillar
Raises, trained to iron rods and arches, were par-
licularly good; but the Pear trees, of which we
had heard so much in the past, were yellowish
I<i my eyes, and not near iMjual lo tlie good looks
of the Pear trees of our own country. On in-
(piiring for M. Hardy, in the hope of a good old
French Pear talk, we found, as in so many cases
in our travels, nothinir but the name and memory
remained. He also had passed away.

AVe must pass the Champs d' Elysees, the Bois
du lioulogne, Bois de Vincennes, Versailles, and
other places, to have a special notice of one
very particularly pretty spot — the Pare Mon-
ci'aux. It is rather hard for a stranger to find,
though not far from the beautiful Boulevards.
I think I inquired a half dozen times in a walk
of half a mile ; for the fondness of a Frenchman
for a long name, and the way he rattles it ofi'for
you is "a caution." So as to be near the
great center of these parks, I had taken up my
residence at the " Hotel de la ville de Paris,
Place Lavelavec, Rue Cambaceres;" but a
Frenchman would get this out in less time than
you could say " nonsense." But we keep on in
faith, and tind at last, by an unpretending iron
gate, that our kind directors had told us to " keep
on to avenue Velasquez." Said avciue is but a
few hundred feet long, but it lands us at once
into the pretty morceau of landscape gardening,
the Pare Monceaux. The superintendent, loaded
down with medals which made a perfect show-
case of his breast, we found, a.s in England, ap-
parently delighted with the word *' American,"
and kindly gave me all the information I desired.
The Park contained, according to his statement,
'• neuf hectares.'''' I should judge, by appearances,
about twenty acres. But the art I have before
referred to, of throwing up and depressing the

surl'ace. made it appear very mukIi larger. In
fact I do not know that I have ever seen in the
world the art of making a small i)la<(' look large^
carried out better than here. Prepared as I was
lor this art, and certiiin that I eould not be de-
ceived, I wa*! somewhat astonished to find, on
crossing a rustic bridge of not over fifty feet
long, I was on a popular drive along which I
had walked a half hour before, and within reach
of which by a stone's throw I had been all the
while. Yet, by judicious planting and elevating
the earth here and there, views are so arranged
that you continually see something fresh. Art
is strained to the utmost to bring in this contin-
ual variety. Of course, some of these etforts fail.
There are some views intended to represent some
old Grecian buildings of three thousand years
ago. The work is very natural. It is precisely
as we see it in pictures. The evergreen ivy has
covered the whole, and done its part well. Still
you don't believe in its anticiuity. You miss the
Date Palms. The tumbled columns are not
there. You could not. under the wildest stretch-
of the imagination, believe yourself to be " Ma-
rius sitting among the ruins of Carthage ;" not
even can you think Carthage has been brought
there for you. Even the masses of the classical
Acanthus growing near the wall, as naturally
as it grew in the first iirstance on the fair Tuaid-
ens' Grecian grave, does not deceive. You\mut-
ter, " Pretty, but humbug," and pass on.

But there is enough in genuine art here to
please even the critical. There seems nothing
at least untried. Imagine a clump of crooked
trees — large trees — and then you come to an-
other ground where they are mostly straight;
groups of our Yuccas among rocks, and masses
of our variegated Negundo on a closely shaven
lawn. So we go on in variety — now a lot of
India Rubber trees — then a bed of our garden
Egg Plants — and pretty indeed their leaves did
look — and perhaps next a bed of common Petu-
nias. Perhaps it may be a group of the rare but
beautiful leaf plant Carolina princeps — scarce
Begonias ; and then perhaps the common Ivy
or Spiderwort. Nothing is too common, but it
is turned to excellent use ; nothing is too rare to
give richness and character. It is indeed a
model park.

1 thought 1 would linisli here, and get back to
England ; but one who was with me says, " The
flower markets and the artisans' windows are pub-
lic gardens — the Champ de Mars, with its Expo-
sition (irounds are public gardens — the Botanic

1H78.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

159

Gardens are public gardens — tell something of
what we saw of these." But 1 cannot tell much ,
in a few letters at any rate. I might as well
stop as continue with so little ; but to please her I !
will go on with at least one more ; and if, gentle
reader, you are in haste to get this out of the way,
so as to be ready for planting your potatoes and i
beans, please don't blame me for detaining you.
That Fraudulent Agent. — The Country
Gentleman has the following from a correspon- 1
dent : "I have read the item headed Swindling i
Offers, in your paper of Feb. 21st. I have no i
doubt the person of whom complaint was sent 1
you is the same one that was operating for you I
(in his own behalf) last Spring. He has been
at work in this section for over a year, and has
no doubt fraudulently cttllected several thous-
and dollars. He has thousands of victims. The |
I'oitntry Gentleman, G ermantown Telegraph, \
Gardener's Monthly, American Agriculturist and
the Farm Journal, all received his attention,
besides nearly all the seedsman, of whom he
was 'cousin' or 'brother.' The fellow is now
in limbo, and at the hearing, the com-t-house i
appeared to be full of witnesses against him. i
He was held on nine charges in $300 each."

By the efforts of the publisher of the Gar-
dener's Monthly this fellow was caught, but
it appeared on the trial by the statements of per
sons in court that this man has been perhaps all his
life engaged at his business. There were a quantity
of foolish young girls to all of whom he was
engaged to be married, and one, whom he mar-
ried, was in the vicinity. How many more in
other parts of the country is not known. A
large number of photographs of probable vic-
tims were found in his possession. It seemed
hard to the publisher of the Gardener's
Monthly that no effort but his own should be
made to bring such a consummate scoundrel to
justice, but the result shows the wisdom of the
"parties of the other part." All his efforts
simply resulted in sending this gentleman to
pretty fair board and accommodations at the
public expense for sixty days, after which he
will have liberty to go on again with his swin-
dles. It would have been cheaper, and have
done just as much good to have paid the rascal's
board for sixty days than to have gone to the
trouble of catching him and the annoyance of
prosecution. Justice of this sort is an outrage-
ous farce, and in futui-e those who choose to
give money to strangers under pretense that
thev are collecting for the Gardener's Month-

ly, must do their own prosecuting. If Mr."C. E.
Price" is to live decently at the public expense,
he may as well do it without all this fuss and
trouble to so little purpose. If such fellows-
were set for a year or two to break stones to-
mend turnpikes instead of being confined for a
few days in a cozy, comfortable parlor with a
Bible to read, and a kmd prison agent to visit
and talk to them about the " enormity of their
offences," and such like stuff, which has as much,
hold on their consciences as water on a duck's
back, there would be fewer of these fellows out-
side to plunder the unwary. As he will be out
about the last of May, let the Delaware people
take him, and give him a share of that State's.
attention.

Baltimore Park Commission. — Annual
Report for 1877. — This interesting document,
shows how much can be done by system. All
the parks of the city are under one commission,
and one engineer. Mr. Fauls, at a salary of
$2,000 a year, superintends them all. The total
cost of all these parks for the year was but
$286,000. The cost of the great Druid Hill
park was about $106,000. The number of visi-
tors was 913,000. Thus we see that this beau-
tiful park cost ten cents per head to each visitor,
and we venture to say that there is no visitor
who would have thought double that sum too
great for the pleasure the trip afforded him. As
much of the expense is for construction, which
will stop some day, and nothing but mainten-
ance remain, while the number of visitors will
annually increase, we can understand why pub-
lic pai'ks are so popular. They are the cheapest
of all public gratifications.

Horticulture at the Paris Exposition.
— We have been officially informed that
beside the exhibit of capsules, seed vessels,
seeds, &c., representing the forestry and horti-
culture of America, made by Thomas Meehan,
the only other representation of American horti-
culture at Paris, will be the Iowa State Horticul-
tural Society, which will exhibit the beautiful
models of apples made by it for Col. Brackett,
and which we feel sure will attract marked
attention. They will give a better idea than
has ever before prevailed in Europe of the
wonderful beauty of American apples.

Massachusetts Horticultural Society..
— Premium list for 1878, from the Secretary, Mr.
Rol)ert Manning. $4,575, and are appropriated.
Liberal premiums are offered for essays on va-
rious Horticultural subjects.

100

THE HARI^EXER'S MOXTIII.V

\_May.

Doriu.K A.MAKVi.i.is.— AftiT rcailiiiLr \'ir'jil's
aciount of Amaryllis, it in not surprisiiiLj some
>ili(nil(l tiud her a L'0(iiu'ttish damsel. Still H.
M. Worcester, Norfolk, Vir-riuia, desires to
•niake her acquaintance, and if the gentleman
who sent us a specimen of her double-faced do-
ings lately, will send his acdress to him he
would take it as a favor.

NoKTii Ameuican Botany. — Bibliographical
Index by Serene "Watson. Part the first — Poly-
petaliv. — Very few persons who love flowers
have any adequate idea of how much they owe to
the working botanist, whose lal)ors systematize
knowledge, so that any one can readily find out
all that is known of what has gone before. Hor-
ticulturists have continually to look to the
Botanists for advice and assistance. Without the
Botanists our art and pursuits would be shorn of
half their charms. This work of Mr. Watson's
is just one of those pieces of hard labor that is
extremely valuable to everybody, and yet with-
out any chance of that glory which springs from
what are known as original investigations or bril-
liant speculations. It is simply a work of refer-
ence. It gives the book, with page and in order
of publication, so that any one can turn to the
original authors for what he wants to know.
For instance, about the yellow Locust, or
Robinia, the first author is Linnajus Gen. PI. 1,
p. 101. Then Du lloi " Obs." Bot. 28. The
next authority is our own, Walter " 186," and
then follow some twenty-five others, including
Loudon, Curtis, Torrey, Gray, Chapman, and
other familiar names. The monopetalous plants
will follow as soon as Mr. Watson gets it ready.
Mr. Watson, on application to his address,
Cambridge, Mn^s., will furnish it for S2 and
postage, which, as it contains 475 pages, one can
imagine to be not one-half its cost. We hope,
however, Mr. Watson will receive large orders
for it, for he deserves all the encouragement we
can give him to keep on with this very hard but
very useful work. As a full catalogue of
the plants of the United States, it has great
value ; as heretofore few knew where to look for
them, scattered through scores of books and
serials.

Canadian Horticultuuist. — This is a new
monthly magazine, published at St. Catharines,
under the auspicies of the energetic Fruit Grow-
ers' Association of Ontario, and devoted mainly
to fruit growing interests.

Cultural Catalogue of the Greenbrook
and Paterson Nurseries, Paterson, N. J. We

had liioiigbt tliat superior as are American nur-
sery eatalogues, as a g«MU'ral tiling, to those of
Europe, they could not possibly be brought to
a greater di'gree of useliilncss, l)ut In^re is one
whiili t^oes beyond any wliiili we have simmi in
this, that it gives a historical sketch of the plants
where they have any history, as well as cultu-
ral details. Such ellorts must add immensely
to the intelligence of American (lower lovc^rs,
and it comes within our province to comnxMid
all such ertbrts.

Willard Cuttin'O Flaoo. — Horticulture
has sullered few more severe losses for many
years past than in thi^ death of this gentleman,
which occurred at liis house, at Moro, Illinois, on
the oOth of March, in th(^ 4',tth j'ear of his age.
He atteiuled the meeting of the American
Pomological Society, a.s its Secretary, at its la.st
meeting, at Baltimore, and had an attack of the
tyjihoid fever soon after his return, and it wsvs
from the ett'ects of this attack that he died. His
love for agriculture and horticulture grew out of
his scholarly attainments, grafted on a thorough
love of nature, and together made him a rare
type of all that is most admirable in a Horticul-
turist. Thus his love for the art was for its own
sake, and not for the mere bread and butter or
the social power it would bring.

Yet he was not without honor, as such single-
heartedness rarely is. He had been already an
honored Senator in his own State Legislature,
and had been prominently named as a represen-
tative of his State in the United States Senate ;
and though not perhaps known to him, there
were warm friends who had resolved that he
should sometime have a chance for the Presi-
dency of the United States. It was the writer's
good fortune to know him intimately as well
as personally as a mere lover of Horticulture,
and he can heartily say, that in his long experi-
ence with Horticulturists, he has rarely met
one whose example in every walk of life was
so worthy of following as that of Willard
C. Flagg. His sympathies were not, however,
confined to Horticulturists or Agriculturists, but
were for all. All have lost a friend.

Science in the Department of Agricul-
ture.— We note with great pleasure that Gen-
eral Le Due has appointed Prof. Riley a.s Ento-
mologist to the Department. With such men as
Riley, Dr. Vasey in the Botanical, and Mr.
Saunders in the Horticultural, the most enthu-
siastic " Why don't you do it ?" can ask no more.

American Pomological Society. — Pro-
ceedings for 1877. We have no hesitation in
pronouncing this, by great odds, the most useful
volume ever issued. The reports and essays
are wonderfully full and complete, and give a
field view of American Pomology never before
afforded. It must have been a heary task for
Secretary Flagg to organize and work the machin-
ery for so admirably executed a task. And to think
that this should be his last ! President Wilder
closes the volume with a proper Memoriam to his
worthy associate.

THE

GARDENER'S MONTHLY

AND

HORTICULTURIST.

DEVOTED TO HORTICULTURE. ARBORICULTURE AND RURAL AFFAIRS.

Edited by THOMAS MEEHAN.

Vol XX.

JUNE, 1878.

Number 234.

Flower Garden and Pleasure Ground.

COMMUNICA TJONS.

THE AMARYLLIS.

BY MISS A. G.

(Continued from pa:;e 133).

A florist told me he had discovered the secret
of blooming them well, which was to give the
bulbs plenty of sun and regular heat; and I
agree as to the regularity of the heat being one of
the causes cf bloom, as at times when we could
not command this, the buds, which had partially
emerged from the bulb, would remain stationary,
or, after several spasmodic growths, decayed.
Some rare vai'ieties, and seedlings, caused me
keen regret by this failure to develop the beauty
I was anticipating. Had I known then that
hot water was so elflcacious in their treatment,
I might not have failed so ignominiously.
They are sometimes, however, very accommo-
datuig. I have bought them in bud, removed
them from the pot, and at a point of my journey
re-potted them, again removed them to resume
travel, and at the end of the route again potted
them, when they resumed the process and
finished blooming as if undisturbed. I state this
that Ijuyers may not be discouraged from pur-
chasing or sending for them, if it is desirable, at
their blooming time.

For a grand show of bloom and large rtowers,
I still prefer large pots for the Amaryllis, and
an undisturbed state of the roots— except for top-
dressing — for two or three years. A more gor-
geous sight than a stand of these in bloom can
•=^eldom be seen, even among flowers. I have

seen crowds before a window thus adorned; and
those who had carped at a partiality for " the
odd bulbs," stand silenced before an unexpected
sight of these in their royal beauty : for " Solo-
mon in all his glory was not arrayed like one of
these."

To raise Amaryllis from seed is not difficult.
If the seed is well developed they all come up
with vigor. If intended to bloom early they
should not be disturbed. I did not know this
in time to save my thrifty seedlings. I did
not kill them, but they did not bloom, their vigor
being decreased by the frequent re-potting given
them, without care as to disturbing the soil about
the roots. One florist I know of, put his
Amaryllis seed into a pan and let them remain
till they bloomed ; this was in three years. They
were of the orange variety, forming a greenish
white star in the center.

My Amaryllis seed were sown in pots, in
winter, and placed behind a stove. They came
up in two weeks, but one or two seeds failing
out of the whole. This seed was obtained from
Dreer, and said to be Van Iloutte's. Another
set was raised from seed matured on one of my
own bulbs (the rosy salmon, with a white stripe
in each petal, shaded off with maroon red pen-
cilings) obtained from Mr. Fairly, of Baltimore.
I cut off all the seed pods but one, which
ripened in about a month's time, and was full of
good seed. I raised thirty seedlings and gave
as many more seed away. At a florist's in Bal-
timore I saw several pods maturing on one
stem. I doubted the result which did prove

hvi

/•///■ (;.ik/)/-:aJ':k's mox'/hly

[Junr.

disivstrou.s, as every pod failed. Another one
however, haviiii; liis plants in a warm, sunny
corner, over a Ihie, had all the jxxls mature.
They wore on a hull) whic^h eame direetly IVimi
Soutii America, and with a inimher like it, were
pulled up from amom; the rdcks by sailors.
The handsomest varieties nt the Amaryllis I
have seen, were most of them, unnamed.

The Johnsonii, a erimson scarlet, with a white
.stripe down each petal, is one of the easiest to
cultivate, and few surpa.ss it in heauty when well
cultivated. Next to this, for constancy of hloom,
is one (obtained of T. Fairly, of Ualtimore,) .said
to be the aulica, thoui^h all the catalogues
describe the auHca as bearing two flowers, of a
crimson and green color. This aulica is of a
rosy salmon pink, with a white stripe down
each petal, which is shaded at each side with
delicate pencilings of a maroon red. When in
full vigor, it bears two stems a yard high, with
six blo.ssoms on each stem. It is then regal in
its beauty. A very rich deep velvety crimson
tlower, with a white stripe down each petal, was
bought of T. Fairly, and was said to be a seed-
ling raised in Baltimore. I called it King's
Beauty. It glowed with richness, and seemed to
radiate with beauty, when I first beheld it.

Several orange colored Amaryllis I have
seen in great beauty, bearing from two to four
flowers on a stem. One very large (lowered
kind, was treated with very rich earth, and had
chicken manure sprinkled around the edge of
the pot, that was previcxwsly covered with fine
coal — raithracile — which is said to promote the
health of the bulb. Meteor, a very rich orange
scarlet variety, was obtained of Geo. Such. It
had two stems with four flowers on each. From
him I obtained, also, the Reticulata striatifolia,
having a short green leaf, with a white stripe in
the center, and bearing pink flowers. This is a
tender evergreen varietj-, and said to have very
handsome flowers.

The Vittata is another handsome variety,
varying a great deal as to beauty, some having
an ungraceful flower and others very beautifully
shaped. One ro.s}' pink seedling, obtained of J.
Feast, was the handsomest flower I ever saw
of the light varieties. It is said the hybrids are
endless.

The fall-blooming kinds do not show so many
fine varieties. The Tettuii, Aulica, and a name,
less one, with a broad disc and rich velvet}-
scarlet petals, are all that I can praise. The
Tettuii is of a bright scarlet, veined and shaded

with maioiin. The Aulica ia of dull scarlet
shaded with green. One variety I saw, called
.Vulica, had immense bulbs and flowers, but wa-s
coarse l()t)kiii"_' and not dcsn'able fur the house.

COMPARATIVE ROSE LIST.

i;^ Ml!. II. It. KI,l,WAN(;KIt. K(K IIKSTKK. \. V.

In the May number of the M()N"riir>v. I notice
the Comparative Hose hist, giving the result of
the English rose election of last year with my
list of the best 48. The question is asked by
the writer why such general favorites as Gen.
Jacqueminot, Safrano, Bon Silem', etc., are left
out. w'hen they have been so generally adopted
as forcing roses in this country? The reason is
this : the election called for roses possessing
pe<iiliarqualities,suchas render them suitable for
exhibition purposes, and they must, therefore,
have fullne.ss of form and symmetry of outline,
besides other qualifications, to be considered
exhibition varieties. Xow, the sorts named are
certainly very valuable for forcing, but are not
at all suitable for exhil)ition. Gen. .Tacfiuemiiiot
is rarely full enough to be used ; the others

' never. General Jacqueminot will, however,

\ alwaj's be a popular sort, for in addition to its
forcing qualities it is of excellent habit, and
yields a large crop of flowers, which picked in
the bud or when half expanded are very useful
for cut-flowers. Safrano and Bon Silene are
well known as two of the best Teas for forcing.
The following are also excellent: Aline Sisley,
Catherine Mermet, Duchess of Edinburgh,
Isabella Sprunt, Mme. Francois Janin, Mme.
de St. Joseph, Mme. Jules Margottin, Mile. Laz-

> arine Poizeau (new), something like Mme. F.

'Janin, Marie Van Houlte, Monsieur Furtado

; and Rubens.

Among hybrid perpetuals some of the best

] are Abel Grand, Anne de Drisbach, Countess of

! Oxford, John Ilojiper, LaFrance, Mme. Lach-

i anne, a splendid sort for this purpose ; Mile.

! Eugenie Verdier and President Thiers. All of

1 these are among the ligliter shades. They will
give a much larger crop of flowers, as a rule,
than the crimson varieties, though the latter are

j more generally used.

Among the best crimson hybrids for forcing,

; are Alfred Colomb, Beauty of Waltham, Charles
Lefebvre, Duke of Edinburgh, Mai-ie Baunian

' and Maurice Bernardin.

i Number 22 in the list of 48 should read Comte

I de Sembui. Other slight errors are more appa-

j rent, and do not require correction.

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

163

RIBBON BEDDING.

BY C. J. BJORKLUND, HAMPTON, VA.

Fig. XVIII. — 1, Trifolium repens pentaphyl-
luni ; 3, Alternanthera spectabile ; 3, A. aiiKBiia ;

4, Mesembryanthemum cordifolium variegatuni ;

5, Alternanthera paronychioides ; and G, Eche- '
veri secunda glauca. ■<^ This bed may be seven or
eight feet across.

Olhar Fancy Beds. — Fig. xix, is, as it will be .
•seen, seventeen circles of various sizes, con-
structed on a parallelogram thirty feet long, by
six wide. The center of circle a; 1, Thujapsis
'dolabrata variegata; four specimens Araucaria

the circles; 1, to be filled with Koniga folia
variegata, to grow free and bloom ; 2, Caprosma
Baueriana ; and 3, Nertera depressa.

Fig. XX. — A Roccocco bed, thirty-four feet in
diameter, should, if convenient, be placed where
a view of it could be had from above, such as a
balcony or piazza, when'the designs will show to
greatest advantage. The surface should be a
gentle slope from the center to the surrounding
walk, (including the grass border), and may be
decorated as follows : 1, a specimen of Amar-
anthus salicifolius, and around it six or eight
plants of Abutilon maculatum niveum aureum,

Fis. 18.

Fis. v.).

excelsa ; and four specimens Agave rotundifolia
glauca, bordered by Cineraria maritima, and
Pentstemon Colvillii : 6, Tradescantia discolor
vittata, bordored by Maranta zebrina, and Cen-
taurea candidlssima ; c, Tillandsia zebrina,
bordered by Geranium Bijou, and Lamium
aureum purpureum ; d, Fuchsia Tom Thumb,
bordered by Alternanthera versicolor ; e, Fuchsia
Sunray, bordered b}- Alternanthera versicolor,
/, Coleus Verse haffeltii, the whole space between

bordered by Coleus Verschaffeltii ; Chamapeuce
Cassaboni ; Gei-anium Happy Thought ; and the
border inclosing the four spaces 2 and 3 ; Thymus
aureus; 2, Alternanthera versicolor; 3, A.
amabile magnifica; 4, Centaurea candidlssima;
5, Pyrethrum Parthenium aureum ; 6, Geranium
Prince of Wales (or any golden tricolor); between
them as undergrowth. Verbena celestial blue ;
and bordered by Althernanthera amoena; 7,
Geranium Mysterious Night (or any silver tri-

1(14

THE GARniiXI.KS .]/ OX ////.)

[June-,

color betwoon) ; Viola oormitii T?liio Kiiijr, bor-
dcriMl by AUtTiiantbcra spatulata ; S ami '.I,
Loliclia Eiiiius ("ryslal I'abic*' loinpacta, bor-
(Km-i'(1 by Hyssojnis ollitiiialis ; In, .spcciiiHMis of
Cbamapi'uci' diaiuiitlia. bonlcroil by Pyn'thrum,
and Ibe rinus tbat o])(ii on (bi- oiittT side io be
laid witb l)roken biicks; II, specimens of
!MfsoiiibiyaiitboiHuni c rystalliimm, ItordcnMl by
AlliTiiaiilbfia jiaronycbioidcs, and (bo open
riiiLTs to bt' laid witii ooal-dust ; I'J, ("erastiuin
toiufntosuni,l)ordcri'dby Alternantbcraamu'iia ;

13, Oxalis tropwoloides, bordered by Pyretbruin ;

14, to be laid witb silvor-sand ; 15, is a two feet ,
wide grass border, and sofortb in many diflerent
sets on tbe same principles.

At tbe planting of tbose intended to form
ligurcs or ribbon in tbe carpet, tbe plants sbould
be put togetber as close as can be aftbrded, to fill
as soon as possible, and should, in fact, do so at
once.

Having got our carpet beds planted, let us be
attentive to tbe trimming of the plants. All that !
are to be level should be so as a table, but it i
requires care at every pinch ; that all stumps be ■
hidden by the foliage, and every figure kept in i
its intended shape, not allowing the foliage of
two adjoining kinds to intermix with each other,
nor allowing any ojienings whatever.

THE AILANTHUS.

BY MT&S E. C. B.
And now about the Ailanthus. I fully believe
that it is an '• antidote '' for the Rose bug, and
other insect pests as well. At least our place,
which is plentifully shaded with them, is very
free from many sorts which torment our neigh-
bors, and the canker worm has never visited us,
except upon a few trees in the remote corner of
the orchard, the furthest removed possible
from any Ailanthus. But our trees are all of
the sort called male Ailanthus, yet some of
them have now obtained an age at which they
bloom every year, scattering their seeds far and
wide, every one of which germinates. The
young Ailanthuses are in fact the most abun-
dant weed on our place. IIow can that be
accounted for? They are all of one sort, being
thryses of blossoms resembling those of the
grape, feathery whitish, looking like delicate,
white plumes, and smelling like — whew! They
fall ofT, bringing the stamens upon the corolla.
They are apparently all alike. Are they male
trees ? Then why do the seeds germinate ? \s
not the female Ailanthus an entirely different

tree, and is nol (liis sort moiiii'cioiis ratlu'r (ban
dia'cious ?

ITbere is a popular misapprehension regard-
ing tbe sexual cbarailer of tbe Ailanthus.
There are trees wbicb are purely stameniferous,
sterile. These an- odorous. There may be
trees wbicb are purely pistillate, but we have
seen trei's separated by perbajis half a mile from
any other tree bear fruit freely, and we suspect
tb»'v are often bermapbrodite. Cases have beeii
known where trees for years producing one kind
of flowers only, have made branches yielding
the other. At any rate, it is the staminate trees,
as we generally see them, the odor of which is
not tbat of roses. — Ed. G. M.]

CALIFORNIA DICENTRA.

r. V W. (;. L. DREW, EL DOHAIJO, t:AL.

In my botanical researches in California, I
hav(; found few flowers which were discovered
with as much pleasure as our various Dicentra.

I well recollect the first time I found the
variety known as D. formosa. At that time I
did not know we were so highly favored as to
have any members of the family witbin our
borders. It was in a little grassy vale. When
I saw it, so much did it resemble D. speetabilis,
that I thought it was a stray plant of that well
known Chinese variety, the Bleeding Heart of
our gardens. On a"' slight examination, how-
ever, I soon .saw my error, but so highly plea.sed
wa.s 1 with it. that I dug it and removed it to my
garden.

The Dicentra belongs to the Xatural Order
Fumariacete. In California we have three va-
rieties that I am acquainted with.

Dicentra formosa in the Sierra Nevada, at an
altitude of 0.000 to 8,000 feet, is found in grassy
vales near streams of water. It grows from one
to two feet high. The flowers are borne on a
compound racemose scape, from which they
hang pendent. The flowers are of a rosy purple
color ; the center is a bright cream color, thus
forming one of the grandest combinations
among flowers.

Dicentra uniflora is found in the northern part
of the State, high up on mountain sides. It is a
dwarf-growing variety, never exceeding six
inches in height. The flowers are borne on a
simple racemose scape. They are a delicate flesh
color throughout.

j Dicentra chrysantha is the most robust and
j vigorous of our native varieties •, often growing
1 four to five feet high. The leaves are immense.

1878.]

AND HOR TICUL TURIST.

165

often Hftecn inches long. The ttowers are borne |
on long racemes, from which often branch out i
■shorter scapes. The flowers are large, one-half to :
one inch in length being the average size. Thev I
are of the most brilliant yellow color, and when j
the sun shines, they sparkle and glisten as ■
though freshly varnished. This variety, while
it lacks much of the graceful habit of the other ,
varieties, supasses them in brilliancy and show. !
In their natural haunts they grow in a moder-
ately light soil, in the vicinity of running
streams. In cultivating them it will be best to I
plant in similar places, if possible. The finest ,
flowers I have always found on plants growing
in the shade of trees.

ANDROMEDAS.

BY MK. VLADEMIR DE NIEDMAN, PHILA.

Within the great tract of United States, there
is rot to be met with a single species of Erica:
but in place of the " Blooming Heather," nature
has liberally supplied this country with various
species of Andromeda vaccinium (Whortle-
berries and Cniuberries) •, not to mention other
genera which are nearly allied to Erica. [The
Heatlier of Europe, Calluna vulgaris, is also
indigenous, though rare in the United States. —
Ed.] The greater part of Andromeda are
natives of North America, a few are found within
the tropics, and only one in North Germany,
the Andromeda polifolia^ with reddish-white
flowei'S ; this plant is strictly poisonous. In
the north the Andromeda appears shrubby-like;
in the tropical parts,more arboreal. The An-
dromedas are in general, far less diffused in our
parks and gardens than they should be, and
yet the culture is very light ; and as rightly
remarked by the Gardener's Monthly, a
well worthy one for their graceful habit of flow-
ering and the pretty foliage. The fruit is a dry
capsule. Whether the Andromeda arborea
{Oxydendron arb.' Lyonia aib.) is a native of
Pennsylvania it is not easy to ■determine ; but it
is safe to say, on an average, it belongs to the
Xorthern States, This ta-ee is from thirty to
sixty feet in height ; the flowers are pure white,
resembling mucli the Lily of the Valley (Con-
vallaria majalis), the foliage turnmg red in fall ;
tastes sour like the common sorrel ; flowering
time, July. As nativts of Pennsylvania, I would
refer to Andromeda spicata (Zonobia racemosa,
Andr. paniculata, Lyonia Idgustrina) a shrub
growing in the wet low lands 4 willow-leaved;

flower white ; July — August. Quite common in
the south of Pennsylvania and Maryland, is
the Andromeda 3/ar?a/?a (Cassiope marginata),a
shrub ; the flowers yellowish white with red
spots ; are very narcotic ; poisonous ; honey
gathered from them by the bees is also poisonous,
like that from Kalmia angustifolia. To the
natives of the Xorthern States belong also the
Andromeda rosmarinifolia, an evergreen shrub ;
flowers in June ; reddish.

Andromeda /efrag-ona (Cassiope tetr.) evergreen,
creeping ; blosson white, in April, May.

Andromeda hradeata. Often known under the
name of Gaulteria Shallon, a pretty little shrub
from the Northwest shores; flowers in May,
June; reddish white; fruit black; ripe in
August, September; tastes like our common
black AVhortleberry.

Andromeda ccBrulea (Menziesia coerul., Erica
arctica, Phyllodoce taxifolia); a very pretty alpic
shrub, growing solitary on the northern moun-
tains ; blossoms in June, July ; the flowers four
and five inches in length ; bluish ; ground color
light red ; culture very diflicult.

Andromeda hypnoides (Cassiope hypnoides);
evergreen creeping slnub from Canada; strongly
resembling and also growing among mosses;
flower, in April, June; either white or of a flesh
color.

' Andromeda calyculata (Cassandra calyculata
I Chamtedaphne calyc, Lyonia calyc) ; evergreen
i Canadian shrub; flower white in March, May.
I And of Andromedas, growing in Southern States
i are worth being mentioned,
! Androm. flor'bunda (Leucothoe florb., Portuna
I florb.) ; shrubs on mountains in Carolina and
! Georgia ; flower white, in June.

Androm. axillaris, (Pieris lanceolata, Leu-
! cothoe spinulosa) shrub from Carolina and
j Georgia ; blossoms beautiful ; greenish white ;
from ^lay to July.

Androm. speciosn\ (Zenobia dealbata), a shrub
from Virginia, Carolina, and Florida; flower
white, large and bell-shaped ; from June to Sep-
tember ; the finest species of all.

Androm acuminala (Andr. laurina) a shrub;
from (jeorgia and Florida; flower white; in
July, September.

Androm. tassina; folia ; much resembling the
Andromeda speciosa.

Androm. racemosa ; (Eulotris frondosa) ; from
Virginia ; flower white ; in June, July.

ICO

TIIK GARDKNER'S MONTHLY

[Junr,

Androm. ferruginea (Lyonin ripjidn) ; from
Carolina; more like a tree; llowt-r white; in
June.

Androm. fomeniosa (Xcrdlodis (onient. Arbu-
tus nuila) ; an evergreen slirul) from New Cali-
fornia ; riower larye white and wooly ; in August.
Besides these Ameriean varieties of Andromeda
there are also a few strangers :

Androm. hjcopodioides ; a creepnig shrub from
Kamtsehatka (Siberian Asia): (lower, reddish
white ; corolla red.

Androm. chinensis : tlower light-red ; in Aug.

Androm. jnviaicensis ; high on the mountains
of Jamaiea ; blossom faint red.

Aiidrom. hi/xi folia ; native of Isle de'Iiourbon ;
also on mountains ; 'flowers deep red : from .\pril
to .Tune.

Closely allied and related to I be Andro-
medas is the genus Arctostaphylos ; also an
Ericaceae, valual)le for the fruit (berry).

Ardos. iomentosa : northwest on the Columbia
river ; the fruit is eatable and ehiefly serves as
nutriture to the grizzly l)ear.

Ardos. glui/ca : evergreen sbrul) on mountains
and hills of California; flower white, tinged with
flesh color ; the berries black and flat pressed.

Ardos. alpina (Arbutus alp. Mairaniaalpinai ;
evergreen shrub ; high on the Alps, in Switzer-
land (Europe), and at the Arctic regions; flower
reddish in May ; berries pretty red ; tit for eating.

Ardos C'va-ursi (Arctos. officinalis, Arbutus
buxifolia, Arbutus procumbens) ; a small shrub
from the north of Europe and America ; flower
reddish white ; from May to June ; the entire
plant resembles much the common red bill-
berry, only the berries are larger. Arctosta-
phylos Uva-ursi is greatly extolled as a remedy
for Lithiasis.

[We give the above excellent abstract of the
general European literature of these plants
without alteration — because it will be very useful
as it stands- -only remarking in one instance on
the Heath, as that is an important fact. Ameri-
can botanical literature, however, would very
much extend the information. It would not by
a long way limit Cassandra calyculata to Cana-
da, nor the Bearberry to the "• North" as strictly
understood, as it is a common plant in New Jer-
sey, and some parts of Pennsylvania. -Ed.]

NOTES ON THE CULTURE OF NATIVE
PLANTS.

BYMRS. Lt:CY A. MILLIXGTOX. SOITH HAVEN,
MICH.

Seeins: some communications on the culture

of our native plants reminds me that I used to
do something of that myself. I have found one
of the ju'ettiest very ea.sy. O. spectabilis, blos-
somed in March with no special care. Set in
the gard'-n it blossomed several years in succes-
sion. C. pubescens,0. parvillorum and C.specta-
bile all blossomed in a sandy loam, and the two
first increased largely. I have no doubt that O.
acaule could be made to bloom in a bed of de-
cayed pine wood, as that is almost always its
location. I have seen a long row of them
perched like birds on a soft, moss-grown log,
that let one's feet sink in like snow. I have
grown Gentiana Andrewsi much handsomer
than they were at first, finer in color, and with
nuire (lowers. I'vularia granditlora and upcr-
foliata grow mueli handsomer in a few years
with care. (Jur common Acjuilegia Canadensis
becomes a perpetual bloomer if not permitted
to ripen seeds. Have seen a mass of roots
nearly a foot through that had to be divided with
an axe, having become woody and solid.

A CALIFORNIAN GARDEN.

liY CHAis. H. SHIXN, iNlLE.S, CAL.

In this locality, at present date (April 17th),.
the standard OrauLresand Lemons arc a little past
their fullest bloom, much IVuit having plainly
set. Some dwarf Oranges, imported from Japan,,
are hardly so far advanced, but the white buds-
begin to gleam through the leaves, and will sooa
be wide open.

We have been interested in observing the

order in which our roses began to bloom this

year. The Gloire De Rosamond came first;

next, the Madam St. Joseph ; then the Jules

Margottin,Luxenibourg, Jas.Sprunt, Bon Silene,

and others ; lagging in the rear came the

Banksias, the double white Cherokee, and the

I old-fashioned, but never superseded, La Marque.

I The last of all, it is apprehended, will be that

j charming, but troublesome rose, the Yellow

I Harrison.

! Our garden of April is not a beginning, but
I only a half-way station. The Acacias, Lilacs,
and Tamarix giillica, the Oxalis, Crocuses, Jon-
quils. Hyacinths, and DaflVjdils — all these have
i come, and smiled on the green and dripping earth,
j and so have departed. Then Nature seemed to
j take a breath, and the Pansies lifted their won-
! derful faces from th6 stillness of their dark
leaves, plant after plant, until dozens were in
j bloom ; the Anemones and the Ranunculuses,
grew to be flashes of color; the Nemophila corner

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

167

became full of tiny blue flowers, and white and
dark circled ones, and spotted; Canterbury
bells, stocks, "Wall-flowers, Petunias, Schizan-
thus, and a host of similar flowers — all these
welcomed April.

Lobelia cardinalis is a garden perennial of
much value here, producing its brilliant flowers
through the entire Summer, if seed are not
allowed to ripen. The leaves also have a rich
metallic luster when grown in favorable soil.
Delphinium formosum retains its value for cut
flowers, and is now in bloom. Aquilegia chrys-
antha is getting its display ready ; and Astilbe
japonica is in its prime.

Among the bulbs, Brodsea coccinnea, B. gran-
diflora, Camassia esculenta, Cyclobothra alba,
C. aurea, and others, are in bloom, whilst
Lilium Humboldtii is nearly so. The remahnng
Californian lilies, and those fi'om Japan, have
evidently chosen May as their month of appear-
ance. The earlier Irises were friends of March,
but -some still linger beneath the whitening
snowballs.

The Diosmaalba, a dwarf, fine leaved, Heath-
like shrub, blooms with us all Winter, and the
fragrance of both flower and leaf is charming.
Among the newer plants is Jochroma tubulosa,
which forms a fine single clump on a lawn or in
a sub-tropical bed. Its oval, hairy, dark, and
heavily veined leaves, its firm outlines and
massive growth, and its large clusters of blue,
tubular flowers — these unite to make it valuable
on this coast. Some experiments have been
made with the Cycas revoluta, which make it
probable that, in sheltered places, it will stand
the Winter of Central California. If so, another
tropical eftect may be added to our landscapes.

EDITORIAL NOTES.

AcKR KUFINEKOE. — A beautiful colored plate
of a variety of this maple is given in the March
No. of V Horticulture Bels^igue^ tak en from a
plant growing on the celebrated grounds of M.
Lavallee, at Sevres, in France. It is a native of
Japan, and allied to our striped barked maple.
It would be hardy in our country, if not already
in some collection not known to us.

Gakdenixg in Norfolk. — The Public Led-
ger of l^orfolk, Virginia, remarks on the grow-
ing taste of the ladies and gentlemen of that
city for gardening, and attributes much of it to
the successful venture of Mr. D. Barker, with
his " Brambleton" green houses.

The Dwarf Pyracantha. — This, or as it is
strangely enough called, the "AVhite Benied
Pyracantha" has proved entirely hardy at Bur-
lington, Iowa. We suppose the ordinary scar-
let berried Pyracantha would not be hardy that
far north.

QuERCUs HETEROPHYI.LA. — They secm to
know more about the Bartram oak under cul-
ture in Europe than we do, for a correspondent
of the Garden, writing from Newry, in Ireland,
says : —

" This oak is very nearly hardy, and it retains
its leaves here until January or February ; in
fact, it never loses them until we have a sharp
nip of frost. Its flexible shoots, graceful habit,
and diversified foliage make it a desirable addi-
tion to collections of hardy trees. It is some-
times called in catalogues Q. agnostifolia." It is
however just possible that this refers to Quercus
Robur heterophylla, quite another thing and
which is already in the '' Fairmount collection."

Green House and House Gardening,

CO AIM UNI CA TIONS.

CATTLEYAS.

BT CIIAS. II. S., BALTIMORE, MD.

While there may be a question as to the suc-
cessful culture of some Orchids — coming from
elevated regions where they are at all times sur-
rounded by a cool, moist atmosphere, — with re-
gard to the splended genus Cattleya, there can
be none ; and it is my opinion that they will be

grown and bloomed in this country nmch finer
than either in England or on the Continent. In
beauty they are surpassed by no member of the
Orchid family. They are easy to cultivate, free
to bloom, blooms lasting from 2U to 50 days,
nearly all shades of color, except blue, and
blooming in some one or other of the species at
all seasons. A house properly constructed and
filled with nothing but Cattleyas and their con-
geners, the large La;lias from Brazil, would be
in bloom all the year round. And I find all

i<;s /■///•■ <;.ia'/}/-:\/:a's .\/()\7/// ) \jun.,

Cattli'vax, wln'lIitT (hey come tVoin HrM/il, Xcw May, .Iinic ur.Iuly. and rest uiilil Ilic iniiMlf of
Granada, Vmc/ucla, or Ccnlral Aini-iica. can N'ovcnilicr.

be ijrown in tlic same house, and under the C crispu, also <alled Lielia erispa. From
same treatment, only liavini; a eon eel knouled;,'e Hra/il. Sepals ;ind j)etiils, slii^htly white; tiiiyetl
of their proper season of j:;r()\vtli. My expiiienee pini>le and ( nil id on the edges; lip erimsoi) vio-
is that all Catlleya }j;ro\v hesi in pots, except a let. edires \vhite,and (heedLje isheantilully crisped,
few small f.M-o\vers. ]?ut in jjrowing them in ])(>ls. hloom in the summer. I'Mowers lour inehe.s
the pots shojdd he tilled (hree-(iuarlers lull of diameter, and last ahout .'> weeks,
drainage, and tlu^ i)lants ]n'\)l widl al)ove the ('. .Vo.svrp, A'ene/.uela. growth like (.labiata;
pots, and the lower hulhs covered with sphagnum sepals and jielals Irom nearly wliite to rose; lip
mo.ss. As the roots of Cattleyas are perennial, losy purple, with a hriirht orange disk. In the
great care should bo taken to keep the snails markings there is no Orchid that varies more
and wood-lice from eating them ; and at the time than this, and also in the size of the tlowers.
the plants are making new roots tlu'V should be IJnt all are l»eautiful, and it should he grown
kept well mossed up. The old roots, if kept largely. Fowers from 5 to H inches in diameter,
sound, will emit now laterals, which will add and from two to five on a stem ; can be brought
much to the vigor of the plants. into bloom in May.

Cattleyas and LjT?lia.s suffer more from injudi- ('. Triance, C. Bogotensis and C. Warscewiczii.
cious watering than any Orchids that I luive 'J'hese seem to me to be very closely allied and
cultivated, and will do with less water. I grow all l)loom in the winter, and appear to me to be
small ferns in the moss with the Cattleyas, and no more separate species than the difierent va^
as long as the ferns show no want of water, I rieties of C. Mossse ; sepals and petals white or
know that the Cattleyas have enough. There is rosy white, lip rosy lilac, with an orange blotch
less danger of over-watering, when the plants at the throat. Blooms two or three on a stem,
are kept well above the pots. In a few years, and are. nearly G inches in diameter. If kept in
the moss will be a mass of fine, healthy roots, a dry, cool room, the blooms will last four weeks.
Cattleya.s need a long season of rest, differing (J. chocoensis. Bulbs about '.) inches long and
according to their time of blooming. I will more slender than C. labiata. Blooms in
note later, in describing the species, what I winter; sepals and petals white, lij) purple and
have found to be the dormant season. orange with a crispe(> margin. The (lowers are

There seems to be three distinct forms of^hi^'k, and have a waxy appearance, very fra^
growth among Cattleyas: 1st, like C. labiata, urant.

•which has a bulb about 5 or G inches long, and *"• (jundricolor and C. maxima are like C.
one strong leathery leaf varying in length from G chocoensis in growth and form of fiower, but I
inches to a foot; 2d, like Skinnerii, which has J>i^ve not bloomed either of them. They come
clavate or club-sliaped bulbs with two leaves fi'""i t^^t^ l^'i^ilic side of New Granada,
from 3 to 0 inches long ; 3d, like C. Ilarrisonii, ' C", PoMJiana, Costa Kica. This by many iscon-
with slender bulbs from 1 to 2?i feet long, sur- ; sidered finer than C. labiata. It is a strong
mounted by two or three leaves. These latter .^.^'o^ver, sepals and petals nankeen yellow; lip
are all Brazilian species. Cattleya.s all bloom Pi'i'plish crimson, with golden yellow veins,
from a siSathe coming out of the top of (he l^'lowers from 5 to G inches in diameter, and Iron)
bulbs, and vary in the number of the blooms three to six on a stem. I saw this in bloom with
from two to a dozen. ' tl>e late Mr. A. Hack. It is getting .scarce in

Of the first group with one leaf, C. labiata, j Costa Rica, 2d class,
from Brazil, is probably the handsomest. Flow-] ^'- ^S'A-mraem, Guatemala. Has upright club-
ers six inches in diameter ; sepals and petals shaped bulbs 8 to 10 inches in height and
rose ; lip rich crimson; blooms from .June to two leaves; flowers from three to ten on a stem.
October; has three or four flowers on a stem, i^ose with crimson lip. Flowers about 4 inches
and lasts in bloom four weeks. There are quite i i" diameter, and blooms in May.
a number of varieties of this grand Orchid. I have 1 C'.swpcr^a, British Guiana. Bulbs and leaves much
one with nearly white sepals and petals. This I like C. Skinnerii, but much darker. Flowers five
species commences to grow late in the Fall.and so 'inches in diameter, about four on a stem, and
will all Cattleya.s that come from Brazil, if kept in ' blooms through the Summer and Fall. Sepals
a temperature of G0° to Gr)°. They will l)loom in and petals splendid ro>e-lip crimson with white

1878.J

AND HOR TJCUL TURIST.

169

margin. This requires more heat than any other
Cattleya, and seems to do best on a block with
moss.

CAckLmdii, Brazil. Not a very strong grower,
but has the bulbs club-shaped and two dax'k green
leaves. Sepals and petals light olive green bar-
red purple, lip purple with a yellow blotch,
grows well on a piece of rouirh cork.

C. Schilleriana, Brazil. Nearly related to the
last, but stronger in growth. Both will sometimes
"bloom twice in the season. If grown on a block,
they must not be allowed to get too dry and
shriveled, as they seem to suffer from it more than
other Cattleyas.

C.marginaia, C. bulbosa^ G. pumila, are three
beautiful small growing Cattleyas from Brazil,
and grow best on rough cork. They have rose
tlowers with crimson lip ; .^>d class.

C. Harrisonii has long slender bulbs about 16
inches long, and two or three leaves. Flowers in
Summer. Flowers rose ; lip light rose Avith yel-
low center. Has about four blooms on a stem. I
had a plant with over fifty blooms open at the same
time, each 4 inches in diameter. I may here re-
mark that all the Brazilian Cattleyas with terete
bulbs, have narrower sepals and petals and
shorter lip than the varieties like C. Mossa?.

C. r.oddigesii. In growth like C. Harrisonii,
but not quite as strong a grower. Flowers pale
rose with some light purplish blotches, lip light
rose and whitish 3'ellow. Blooms in Summer-

C. Forbesii. In growtli like C. Harrisonii, sepals
and petals greenish yellow, and in some varieties
bronze yellow ; lip very handsome, white outside
orange yellow inside, streaked crimson. This is
probably the least showy of the Cattleyas ; but a
large plant in bloom is very showy, and it is much
better than many other Orchids. C. intermedia, C.
intermedia violacea and C.i. amethystina.are vari-
eties of the same sjjecies. In growth rather
shorter and stouter than C. Harrisonii ; sepals
and petals white, blush or rosy white ; lip white,
with a purple blotch on the end. I have now
four plants in bloom, no two exactly alike. It is
a very neat and easily bloomed Cattleya, and if
kept in a dr;y room, the blooms remain from four
to six weeks. All Orchids in blo.om should be put
where no water can fall on the l)loon»s, as they
spot very easily.

C Guttata. Brazil; bull)s two feet long ; flow-
ers four to ten, about 4 inches in diameter ; sepals
and ])etals greenish yellow, with crimson spots ;
lip white with purple blotch ; blooms in Sum-
mer and last three weeks.

C. Guttata Leopoldh. Growth like C. Guttata;
sepals and petals dark green, mottled brown
I and yellow ; lip crimson purple ; bears from six
[ to twelve flowers on a spike ; blooms in Summer.
i C. amethystoglassa. Fall; slender bulbs two to
I three feet high; sepals and petals light rose,
I spotted purple ; lip purple ; blooms in March and
April. I have had several plants sent from Brazil
for the species, but have never got the true one.
C. citrina. Mexico; dwarf plant with small
bulbs covered with a white skin ; has two glaucous
leaves about six inches long ; bears one or two
flowers of a rich yellow in all part's except the
edge of the lij^s, which is white. The flowers are
large for the size of the plant, are very beauti-
ful, and have the odor of lemons ; it is found
growing with the leaves down. This plant has
no resemblance to any other Cattleya, and I
have doubts of its being a true Cattleya : if it is,
it would be a fine one to cross with some of the
others.

There are a great many other Cattleyas, some
distinct species, but many others are only varie-
ties or natural hybrids. Among the new ones
highly recommended are C. gigas, C. Eldorado,
C. Exoniensis (hybrid); C. Mendali.C.speciosis-
sima, C. velutina and C. Warneri. Any one
growing Orchids cannot have too many Cattleyas.
I have never seen one that Avas not handsome.

AMONG THE ORCHID GROWERS.

BY MR. W. FALCONER, BOTAKICAL GARDEN,
CAMBRIDGE, MASS.

The Orchid-Grower'' s Manual. — Talking about
Orchids, I may say that General Rathbone
mentioned to me, that when he began Orchid-
growing several years ago, he knew nothing at
all about it, but he got a copy of the Orchid-
Grower''s Manual, by B. S. Williams, of London,
studied it carefully, and adapted his practice to
tlxe directions of the Manual, modifying,of course,
as he best knew how, to suit our American
climate ; and what is the result ? One of the
very healthiest and best-grown collections of
Orchids in the United States.

There are other Orchid collections at and near
Albany, but not being pre-advised of their being
there, unfortunately I had no time to visit them.
At other places on the Hudson, I found a few
Orchids, but nothing to speak of.

For Orchids, South Amboy is to New Jersey
what Albany is to New York. At Such's rtur-
series, the Orchid collection is very extensive,
and for a commercial establishment, the speci-

170

iXD (;.ia'/)/':.\/:a'\s moxthi v

\ fun,\

nuii.x <>l ( aiilfvas, Dt'iidrdhiimis.C'vpriprdiiims,
An<;niH-ijms, Vaiulus, \i'., air exceptionally
lariro. Health and viuor are evei\ where appar-
ent. Tlie liny hut eiiannini; Sopln-onites wert-
lit tlieir host. Most all of them were attaehfd
to earthernware hloeks. on wliicli tliey siuMued
quite at home. S. grandillora has tiie hir<;e.st
and hrightest scarlet Uowers ; cermia, red to
orunLre red ; and violacea, mauve to purplish
violet. Oncidium ornilhorhyncum. growinii; on
.•similar hloeks and in a cool house, had many
mas.'tive spikes of delieiously fratrrant blossoms;
and mats of Odontoirlossum Kossii majus, with five
blooms on a spike, also depended in the Camellia
house. Massive specimens of the ever-blooming
Cypripedium RoezU'i had many llower stems,
and specimens of C. cariciuum in 18-inch pans were
grow iiiLT like sedtie-grass in a swamp. A plant of
Angnecum eburneum showed nine flower-spikes,
and near it was a pan containing a Peristeria
elata that showed the ends of three flower-stems
whicli Mr. Taplin says were six feet high when
in perfection. He mentioned that he gave these
plants plenty roof-room and a rich spongy .soil.
The display of Calanthes was fine.

Here, that most beairtiful Cape of Good Hope
Orchid, Disa grandiflora, is better grown than I
know of anywhere else, either in this country or
any other. I saw them in perfection in 187G. but
when I was there this season it w^as too late, —
the Disas had done blooming. In England, five
blooms on a spike is good, and seven is excellent ;
but Air. Taplin grows pans of it with from seven
to nine blooms on a .stem, and several, I forget
how many, stems to a pan. It is no mean variety
either, for the blooms are of a bright scarlet to
crimson color, and 4 inches across.

At Mr. Rathbun's— just beside South Amboy
depot — is a very fine collection of Orchids in ex-
cellent health and rigid cleanliness. I noticed
about a score of plants of Oncidium Papilio in
bloom, also a very excellent variety of that most
beautiful of butterfly Orchids— O. Kramerianum.
O. Rogersii had 149 flowers, and Lailiaanceps and
autumnalis were nicely in blossom. A few
varieties of Lycaste Skinnerii were opening their
blossoms, and there was a goodly show of
Cypripediums, notably insigue, and a nice little
plant of niveum. Mr. R. has some fine plants
of Dendrobium Falconerii — one of the loveliest
exotics in existence ; and Mr. Clements, the gar-
dener, is now resting it in a cool house ; he ex-
pects it ought to bloom pretty well this year.
Mr. C. tells me that Odontoglossum citrosmum

is one of tlie finest and easiest grown species of
the genus growing very I'reely. and to a cer-
tainty prfiducing annually in early Summer, its
Ioiil: arcliing spikes of lovely white flowers; and
^iili-lantially corroborates his statement.

1 never saw so many lartre i)lants together of
Cypripedium insigne as I did at Bennett's nur-
series, at Flatbush, L. I.; there were several
scores of them, and all in bloom. Mr. B. also
grows I)endrol)ium nobile in great (piantity, for
furnishing cut flowers for market. At Mrs.
Gardner Brewer's, at Newport. R. I., is a
famous collection of Orchids. The plants, par-
ticularly the Cattleyas, are small, but tludr clean
fresh leaves and j)seudo-bulbs and solid fleshy
roots permeating to almost matting the lumpy
peat the pots contain, fon'tell what we may ex-
pect as the result of Mr. IlilTs practical care.
Mr. H. was one of the most noted Orchid groweis
in England, and apparently his labors are to be
as .successful here as they were — to my own
knowledge — at Manchester. "Wandsworth, and
Blandford, in England. Here Oiu-idium Ro<:-
ersii has three spikes — two small and one me-
dium-sized, and some 150 blooms and O. verru-
cosum is likewise prettily flowered. The beauti-
ful Cattleya Eldorado splendens is also in bloom,
and there is quite a display of Calanthes and
Cypripediums.

FOLIAGE PLANTS FOR WINDOW
CULTURE.

BY JirvS. R. 15. K., MKLUOSE, MA.SS.

Premising that among the readers of the

Monthly there are some who like to turn aside

! from the beaten track, wherein grow Callas,

j Geraniums, Abutilons, &c., to '' rarer fields and

I pastures new," I give herewith a brief sketch of

! xwy success with some of the less commonly

grown window plants. And for ease of culture

and showiness of foliage, I consider the Croton

at the head of the list. I have a Croton inter-

ruptum, which I bought of Mr. Saul one year

, ago last May, then a very small plant, and to-

i day it is thirty inches liigh by as many broad,

finely branched and richly colored. I do not, how-

' ever, think interruptum nearly as handsome as

some of tjie others; indeed, pictum, though an

old variety, is more showy. 1 have one of the

I last, which is very lovely, with its gold and crim-

■ son markings. Of the newer varieties, Youngii,

Veitchii and undulatum are splendid species.

In my opinion the latter is the prettiest, though

. all are magnificent. Crotons require strong sun-

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

ITT

light, and the wannt-st place at command. I
shower mine daily with warm water, and keep
them on the highest shelf; and they well repay
this slight care with their brilliantly-colored
leaves, more ornamental, I think, than flowers.
Dracajnas are also both ornamental and easy of
culture, and give a nice look to a stand of plants.
But for a north window, and a cooler location,
I think Aspidistra variegata the finest thing I
have ever tried. I have one that has ovei- thirty
of its long, broad, glossy leaves, from four to
six inches across, each elegantly striped with
white, and gracefully recurved. It is never trou-
bled with insects of any sort, and ought to be I
more often seen than it is. It requires a liberal
supply of water, both over the foliage and at i
the root. Of rarer plants, I have grown with j
good success Palms, Pandanus, Marnntas, ]
Tillaudsia and Dieffenbachia maculata, the latter I
an especially fine, free-growing plant, with broad
green leaves, prettily spotted with white. It is |
recommended for wardian cases, but I have had j
no trouble with it in my sitting-room. Of course I
these more delicate plants require thought and
care in their treatment, but they amply repay |
the extra troub'e by the elegant effect they give i
to a stand of blooming plants. I think we might
grow many more of what are classed as " stove" j
plants in our rooms, by proper attention to !
cleanliness, and moisture in the air. In addition
to water on the stove, I keep large sponges, con-
stantly wet, lying among my plants. I have, in
this room, a Maiden-hair Fern, which has thrown
up between thirty and forty fronds, some of them
two feet high, and the mass more than that
across.

I will stop to mention but one blooming plant,
as this article is already too long. One year
ago last spring, in looking over Mr. Saul's cata-
logue for something new for winter blooniing,
I came upon the Rogiera. I .sent and got one
by way of experiment. And I wish to testify
my extreme satisfaction with this pretty, fra-
gx-ant plant. The variety I had, bore pinkish-
white flowers, in heads like the Bouvardia, only
the clustei's were three times as large, and the
fragrance is peculiar and exquisite. It needs
heat and sunshine, and grows freely without
further troul)le.

THE MENNONITE CRASS BURNER.

BY PROF. .J. D. BUTLER.

No house in "Washington is such a .Japanese
gem as the home of General Horace Caprnn.

This gentleman, going to Japan in 1871, took
with him his carriage and horses. He was soon
requested to lend his turn-out to the emperor,
and then invited to the palace, where his-
majesty said to him : " Sir ! I have sent for you
to thank you personally for introducitig such'
animals into my country. 1 never knew before
that they existed on the face of the earth.''' The
General was then employed to put up a flouring-
mill — as bread was no less unknown than horses
to the Japanese. Nor were his rolls less wel-
come than his road-ters. He also built a saw-
mill which cut twelve thousand feet daily —
which was all that six hundred sawyers could
do. Among other services he showed how to
can salmon, and so rendered that fishery ten
times more valuable than it had been.

He had his reward. Everythini; rich and rare
that had been garnered up in the imperial,
treasure-house was lavished upon him, and he
came home laden with the spoils of the farthest
East.

If repul'licans were as rich as the Mikado, the
Nebraskans would bestow a similar testimonial
on the Mennonites who have settled among
them. Those Russian exiles have introduced a
variety of fuel which will prove as great a boon
to prairie States, as horses or mills- to Japan.
They have demonstrated that every farmer
may find on his own homestead, if not a coal
mine, yet whatever he needs to burn on his
hearth.

Though I was long ago a traveler in Russia,,
my attention was never called to the Russian
style of heating until 1873. In that year, being
on a western tour, I fell in with seven Mennon-
ite deputies in quest of a new home for their
people, who for conscience sake, were forced tO'
leave their old one on the Black Sea. We were-
together in various parts of Nebraska.. Along,
the Republican and smaller streams, we found a
good growth of timber — but every acre it stood,
on had been snapped up, either by settlers or
speculators.

Much to my astonishment i discovered that my
companions liked the country. In talking with.
German squatters whom we had called upon, they
had ascertained that the crop was twice as large
as that where they came from. When I asked.
" what will you do for fuel?" their answer was:
" Look around. We see it ready to our hands in
every straw stack and on every prairie. Grass and
straw are what we, and our fathers before us,
have always used." We pas-sed one even-

172

/■///•; i;.4A'j)j-:.\/:h'\s momiii.v

[line.

iim by a briok kiln in Trotp, which was fired with Idtfr.s l.c._'iriiis lor ruitluT I):lrti<•ul!^r^«, not
up with inal. Tlnv n'in:irkf<i to im- that only tVoni various Stales hut from al)roa(l, and
tlu'V could burn lirick svithoiil cither coal or ^.y,.]) lioni New Zealand. These letters I eould
wood. not answer, even with a manifold letter-writer,

Their report on their return to Europe was :,nd I have therefore, prepared the present
sueh :i.s to brini: a thousand of tlieir eo-reli^'iou- cireular, which the post olViee ran scatter like
ists into Nebraska. And while a larj^e number snow-flakes.

ofthe.se people have <i(>ne into Manitoba, Miu- Tlie -.Mass furnace or stove is nothin-_' costly,
nesota, Kansas and Dakota, it is true, I think, or complicated, or likely to fret out of order. ()n
that tlu' best class have made their homes in the f>ther hand it is a contrivance so simple that
>'ebraska, and in that Slate are to ])e found the ninny will say of it a.s one man did when he lirst
^lost prosperous colonies. Two of their settle- saw a railroad track : "Nobody but a fool could
ments there I chanced to visit last autumn— one have thought of so simple a thin;;." In a word,
near Beatrice, on the Bis; Blue, and the other as the Irishman made a camion hy takinu a
•farther west in York county. Mindful of my larjjje hole and pouriiiLj iron around it, so the
conversations four years before, my lirst iiujuiry ISIennonite mother of food and warmth is de-
was recardini^ fuel, and the mode of usiiij^ it. In veloped by pilm.i: brick or stones round a
every house I enter(Ml, my curiosity was grati- j hollow.

fied. The fir.st dinner I ate cooked with gra.ss,I | Aware that such generalities are too vague, I
set down as a novelty in my experience. A few | will make my description more specific, and
words of mine concerning the Mennonite device ' since the eye catches in an instant what the ear
for cooking and heating were inserted in a letter ' cannot learn in an hour, I have also had a
which appeared in the Chicago Txmes last Octo- diagram ])rcpared which will render the whole
ber, and in a pamphlet eiitilled a ''September mystery plain and level to the lowest capacity.
Scami)er."' This notice has overwhelmed me (See diagrams.)

SIDE VIEW OF THE

" MENNONITE GRASS - BURNER."

rroTvTs -

(A) Fiiruiici- I)<"ir to Fire-Bo.\.

(B) Draft.
(O Pipe.
(F) Chamber with Iron Shutter (hinged) to let

out huat. This ( huinhcr has (ioors on l)oth
sides ()(' Furnaco.
(Cr) Oven or cooking place on Kilcben side of
Furnace.

The material used for th(> Russian
furnace seems unimportant. Some
employ common brick, others stone;
one builder told me he preferred
to mix one part of sand witli two of
clay. In his judgment this mixture
retained heat longest for radiation
through a house. The po.sition of
the furnace is naturally as cen-
tral as possible, because heat
tends to diffuse itself on all side.s
alike.

Furnaces will, of course, vary in
size with the size of houses. A
good model is that shown in the
diagram. Its length is five feet, its
height six. and its width two and a
half. The bricks employed are
about six hundred, unless the walls
be of extraordinary thickness. The
.structure may be said to have six
stories. 1, the ash-box ; 2, the fire-
box; 3, tlie oven; 4, smoke jiassage;
5, hot air chamber ; 0, smoke pass-
age either to a chimney or to a drum
in an upper room.

Many questions have been a-sked
me as to the size of the fire or fuel-
box. Its length is about four feet,

1878.]

AND HORTICULl^URIST.

173

its width and height, each about a foot and i to secure their honey— and at his neighbor who
a half. It is asked, " How is the grass pressed put into liis stove the corn which he might have
or prepared for the fire-l)Ox?" It is not sold, the same year, for fifty cents a bushel.

GEOUND PLAN OF HOUSE,

Sliowing Location of Furnace.

KITCHEN

SITTING ROOM
OR

TWO BED R0CM5

STORE AND WOOD ROOM

EXPLANATIOKS :

(.4) Furnace Door

to Fire-Box

( B) Lower open-
in*', as shown in

side, and used
for cooking
place.

(C) Heating or
upper opening
on sittini^ room

or b e d room
side.

prepared at all, but is thrust in with a I'ork as
one would throw fodder into a rack. People sup-
pose they must be putting in this fuel all the
time. This is not the fact. At the house of Bishop
Peters (48x27 feet), which is a large one for a
new country, the grass or straw is pitched in for
about twenty minutes, twice, or at most three
times in twenty-four hours. That amount of
firing up suffices both for cooking and comfort.

It will be observed that the heated air strikes
the oven, and also the reservoir of hot air both
above and below, and that no particle of hot air
reaches the chimney till after turning four
corners. It works its passage. The iron plates,
doors and shutters are such as any foundry can
furnish. They are inexpensive. In a case where
1 inquired the cost, it was five dollars.

Near a score of years ago, when I first pushed
west of the Missouri, mj' feeling was, " What a
corn-and-wheat-growing capability here runs to
waste ! What myriads of buffaloes, too, have
been shot merely for the petty dainty of their
tongues !" So now in the light of Mennonite
experience, many a Yankee in Nebraska sees
that he has thrown away a cooking and warming
power that had millions in it. He long ago
laughed at his father smothering bees in order

He now laughs with the other side of his mouth
at himself for burning out doors that prairie
produce which, if burned in doors, would have
saved him ,too,many a dollar. He who thus laughs
will need no preaching to make him square his
practice in the matter of cookery and house-
warming according to the Mennonite plan. His
faith will be stronger than ever, that the Provi-
dence which created quinine where chills pre-
vail, as well as perfumes where negroes are
most numerous, and provided buffalo-chips for
the Indian in the far west, has there also fur-
nished fuel for the civilized setttler — "grass of
the field, which to-day is, and to-morrow is cast
into tli^e oven"— a gift which, if he makes full
proof of it, will be sufficient for all his needs.

Straw and old prairie grass have been thought
as useless as grave stones after the resuri'ection.
But the recent utilizing of them is in keeping
with the spirit of the age — with developing
patent fiour best suited to human uses from
that part of wheat which had been the food of
hogs, and with planing mills so contrived that
they feed their boilers with their own shavings.
Indeed, it surpasses all witty inventions in its
line, unless it be the proposal, just now started,
for turning even tramps to account, by clapping
them mto the regular army, and sending them
among Indians to scalp, or to be scalped, no
matter which.

Many Nebraska Yankees were made happy

174

Till-: CARPhMR'S .\f()\7///)

[/ti>n\

last \vin(»r, thanks to tlic Mciuioiiitr .stov*-.
Moiv will be next wiiiler. That household
blessing to an outsider seems capable of little
iinprovenienf . ]iut tlie Yankee will improve
it, lor In- lias improved ever^thinfj; else he has
borrowed — evervthin;:;, from watelu's to steam
enijines. ships, and even reliLrion. In fact his
"betterments in the last article are said to l)e as
ananifold

"As If religion were infeiided

For iiotliii)(,'else hut to be nicncled."

Thus Yankee cuteness may rendt'r the Russian
stove simpler, smaller, cheaj)er, of better mate-
rial, of more elegant design, of more economi-
cal combustion. But as now used by Nebraska
Mennonites, it is worth}' of all acceptation by
every prairie pioneer. A Hibernian hearing of
a stove that would save half his wood, said he
would buy two and save the whole. The save-
all that he was after, he would have found in a
Mennonite grass burner.

Tka Rosks in En(.i.ani).— Of the marriaiie of
Lord Roseberry, in which three thousand Tea
Rose buds were used, it is remarked that " even
a Rothschild might doubt the possibility of get-
ting that number" in March. If our English
friends must have rose-buds in March at their
weddings, let them marry in our large Kastern
cities, and any llorist will get them 10,OU() on a
week's iiolicc*. It does look as if our llorists
bad •' patronage."

PRooriEss OK Orchid Culture in thk
United Statk.s.— From all we can learn, the
j taste for Orchid-growing is increasing very much
among our people ; and Mr. Thomas Hogg and
; Mr. Rand have been collecting in trojjical
America. Among a recent consignment from
j the former were no less than 700 fine plants of
j Cattleya Mossa?. Besides numerous shipments
1 have been made by nurserymen from Guate-
mala, all of which were sold at public sale in
I Xew York, and I)rought fair prices.

EDITORIAL iXOTES.

SCRAPS AND OUR RIDS.

A Room Garden. — We were agreeably sur-
prised, a few days ago, by finding the Ladies^
Floral Cabinet on our table. Xot being in sight
for so many years, it had passed out of mind.
The one before us has a nice illustration of the
room garden of Mrs. Clara R. Sweetzer, of Pea-
bod}', Mass., Avhich we notice particularly to
■comment on the wisdom of the lady m the
selection of honeysuckles, ivy, and such hardy
plants to grow over the pretty wire frames that
tlank and arch over her windows. Most persons
fail with room flowers, because they choose ten-
der things that require much light or heat, or
otherwise great care. There are many things
which are nearly hardy, evergreen, and in many
ways interesting, that would make a room look
beautiful in winter; and the lady has shown ex-
cellent judgment in the selection, as the pic-
ture of her pretty room fully proves.

Lent Lilies. — In the quotations of the Lon-
don cut-flower market, are fre(juent references to
"Lent Lilies." It appears this is tlie new fash-
ionable name for the Uaffbdil. As Daflbdil it is
only worth a few farthings a dozen, and would
hardly be tolerated on an exalted occasion ; but
as " Lent Lilies " they bring fair prices, that
more than cover the first cost of roots.

Lady Washington Pelargoniums. — M. A.
S., Baltimore, asks : " Why are these called
Lady Washington Pfelargoniums? I find no ref-
eience to any such in Paxton's Dictionary."

[When botanists came to calling all garden
(Geraniums Pelargoniums, the people had to
make some distinction for convenience sake.
The old scarlet Geraniums are now Zonale Pel-
argoniums, and many other "Pelargoniums"
— and this Pelargonium — the old Pelargonium
of the florists, had no distinctive name. It had
long been known among American market-peo-
ple as the "Washington Geraniums," and the
florists seem to have caught it up as a conveni-
ence. It is an American issue, and not likely
i to be in " Paxton ;" t)ut there is no more reason
' why it is not legitimate to call them by this
name as for a section to be called " Regal" or
: any other name in England. — Ed. G. M.]

Variegated Pelargonium.— S. F. T.,
(Saratoga, N. Y., says: "I have a seedling
! Pelargonium (Lady Washington), that is varie-
gated with white on the leaves. The leaves are
: not flat like the green kinds, but cupped and
I very much toothed on the edges. Has not yet
flowered."

1878.]

/i NB HOR TICUL TURIST.

175

Fruit and Vegetable Gardening.

COMMUNICA TIONS.

QUALITY AND CULTURE OF PEARS.

BY GEN. "W. H. XOBLE, BRIDGEPORT, CONN.

And first, no pear, new or old, should cum-
Ijer our lists, not in tree, fruit or pretty nearly
equal to the best of its season (say, for Sum-
mer) to those luscious favorites which crown
your table, till the full ripeness of the late
Autumnal varieties into which they glide.

Second. A pear should be either at home
everywhere, or named as partial to some locality.
Some are as whimsical as humans about the soil
in which they dwell, or the winds that blow on
them, or the latitude of their home. Many
kinds are as sensitive to the situation as are
those European grapes, which on one side of a
mountain yield a wine the pride of princely
tables, whose vintage on the other slope makes
but the common drink of the peasant.

Third. The world has no room for small pears,
nevv or old, that do not grade pretty closely up
to the ver}' best of their season. There is no
market for small pears much below such a
standard of excellence as, say for Fall pears,
the Seckel. Big kinds, which do not grade quite
up to that high level, may do. Fruit dealers
buy no small pears when big ones, about as
good to eat, are at hand. In fact, small pears
must be mighty good to command a market.

Fourth. However large or good a fruit your
tree may bear, to elevate special care or culture,
yet it must be hardy in leaf and limb, and a
good thrifty grower, not prone to blight on
twig or foliage. Its bark must show none of
those deep, unseemly cracks and gashes, which so
mar the looks and health, and life of some of
the very best pears. Unless exceptionally reli-
able for fruit, good and large, no tree deserves
planting that is tender to over-bearing or to
tearing winds.

Fifth. A pear worthy of the highest grade
and large culture, unless a "Winter kind, should
ripen readily and slowly, either on tree or in
the house, needing no extra watching. Some
pears in this regard exact as much care as young
turkeys, or bees in swarming time. There are
others whose very wind-falls are good, and
which keep on improving up to full maturity.

There are pears which if not picked just at the
right time, will rot at the core ; others are prone
to take on general decay, or to become mealy
and insipid, unless picked and house-ripened;
even then, if not eaten at the very moment e^f
maturity they are worthless, or rot. There are
some that give no such trouble, which, on the
tree or the house, will hold good and sound, and
slowly ripen till all are gone — pears into which
the roots of the rot fungus make no headway,
and about which you need not worry much more
than over your apple or potato croji.

Now, how many of the pears, recommended
for each season, come up to these standards, in
tree or fruit ? Take the Summer kinds. The
Madeline is the earliest ; yet who ever had a
good one ? The}' pass because they cook well,
and are early; but they are astringent and
choke. The Bloodgood is hardly better. Tlie
Summer Doyenne is too little for market, and
only sought because so early and so pretty. Os-
band's Summer, one of the earliest and hand-
some, though sometimes very good, needs early
picking and good house care; bat then it is
small and uncertain, and does not crop well.
The Giffard is as yet the only fine, full standard,
very early pear that I have eaten. It often
overbears; but in deep soil, and not loaded Avith
too big a crop, it is a very tine fruit, and a good
deal above medium size. It is never insipid,
ripens well on the tree, though better in the
house. The tree is healthy and thrifty, and
with early pruning gains a graceful form. One of
de Shurtlift"s seedlings, the Pemberton, a full me-
dium summer pear, would be most desirable, as
it is the most beautiful of fruits, were it not for
its proneness to leaf-blight. I am not going
over the list of this class; but there is ample
room for better large Summer pears, I'ullilling
all the terms of our rules. "We need not slight
even mediums as good and large as well grown
Dearborn Seedlings.

In face of such fickleness and defects in kinds,
and the crude and untaught tastes so common,
it is plain that pomological judges and fruit
fanciers should hold as well for pears, as do the
poultry-men, a scale of points; up to those stand-
ards every fruit should score pretty closely, to
gain acceptance. Its record or its ofier for sale
should state that score. The Fall kinds, new or

lTt'>

/■///•; (;.ia'/)/':a7:a".'< moxiih)

\ June,

olil. Iidtli in tree :\iul fruit, would conic l)cf()rc lis
iMulcr :i measure ofnu'tit — better tlian any mere
cndorsi'mcnt. Such a regimen would save the
iivoraire planter a world of lroul)le. No mon>
wasti'd years ot i)atient waitiusj: would eml in
re<raftini: tlu; tickle, crackinij, hli-:htinii thiuiis.

1 need not canvass the Fall and Winter pears '
put forward for our iilantiuir. Thev have no
exemption from the fniilties of their kind. Lots
of them aie "uncertain, coy and hard to
please'' into a luscious ripeness. Kven after
careful cuddling and watching, lino, grown speci- :
mens often woefully dash our hopes. The
leaves hlight, and the fruit never ^cts ()\('r (he
hereavement; or if the season is too wet or too
short, a whole crop of some kind is fit only for
the stew pan or the pigs.

But we want even more than rules — some •
choicely located Poniological Garden, where all j
fruits may he tested over broad acres. Xo ordi- '
nary planter can afford the time, even if he has \
the facilities, to test every kind for which high ;
qualities are claimed. I despair of such a gar- 1
den, except under the Agricultural Bureau of j
the general Government. Fortunately, the cli-
mate of AVashington is so near a medium of our
two exti-emes that any variety there perfecting
would have a fair chance to suit every latitude.
That Bureau should get out of thai petty seed
distribution, in which so much blunder and plun-
der is off-set by .so little good. In that business,
the seedsmen, whose catalogues and seed boxes
reacli every country store and border post otVice,
will beat them forever ; but a Poniological Gar-
den will furnish it a lasting and blessed w^ork,
too long and large for an individual task. If it
now and then gives a Congrc^ssTuan a tree, its
scions would reach a good deal closer to his con-
stituents than one of Mullett's choice plans for
a Senatorial mansion. There are but few lines
of culture in which the clumsy, time-serving
hands of the Government are not out of place.
There is little work which the people can do in
which government should ever dabble. But
there are lives of experimental trial whose task
is too broad, and who.se direct results are too
profitless, to tempt, or to pay for individual
effort. These are just those to which a wise
Government will put its powerful and tireless
hand and plentiful resources — a grand Ponio-
logical Garden is one. Go in for it, Mr. Le Due,
and you can have the pomological world back
you for the coveted dignity of a cabinet appoint-
ment.

THE DWARF JUNEBERRY.

^.^ .I\MI> rlMllT. (IIAM'TK. NKOSIIO CO.,
KANSAS.

I see an incjuiry in tlie Marcli numlierofthe
(Jakdknick's Monthly, askinti what is the
dwarf .Juneborry. It is a dwaif species of the
St'rvice berry that grows wild in the wood.s of
Kentucky, Ohio, and prol)ably in other States.
Tlie fruit and foliage of the two are alike ; the.
only diflerence I ever could discover lietween the
two, one is a tree growing fifty feet hi'_"h, the other
i> :i little (hvai'f, growing three to four fec-t luLrh.
I have had tlieni Itearinu aliundantly at eighteen
inciics in licii;!!! ; iiavc had it in bearing for the
last ten years. I brought a few plants with me
when I came here : and found it growing here
with one of my neighbors ; he, says it bears pro-
fvisely here. Here it is easy grown from layers,
and bears fruit the second y<!ar from jilanting.

[The point we are not quite clear abont is the
distinction between the " dwarf" June Berry
and any other. The common one — Indian
cherry of these parts— grows 25 to .'^)0 f(^et high ;
but for all that it bears freely, and with nice large
fruit, at two or three feet, and at two or tliree
years old. What we wish to find out for our
readers is, whether they could call the ordinary
June Berry the " dwarf" June Berry, without
lieing considered*'" a fraud." For there is no use
in having distinctive , names without differences.
—Ed. G. M.]

NOTES ON NEW FRUITS.

BY W. S. (-'AIirENTKU, KYK, N. V.

A few years ago, I received from the Rocky
Mountains some plum trees called the Yose-
niite, which is likely to prove of great value in
this section. The tree is quite distinct from any
other kind of plum that I have seen. It is a
very strong grower, very large leaves, and as
free from disease as an apple tree, and thoroughly
curculio proof. There are two varieties : One
strongly resembles the Damson, in size and color,
and is quite equal to that variety for canning ;
the other is quite large, bright yellow with a
scarlet cheek, very handsome. The trees bear
when not more than two or three years old, and you
are sure of a crop of fruit; not a plum is destroyed
by the curculio. Ten years ago I planted an
orchard of 25 varieties of our best plums, but
never gathered a peck of fruit from the trees,
which are now nearly destroyed with the black
rot. •! have the Wild Goose plum, hut get but
little fi'uit. There are a number of kinds which

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

177

hav€ been sent out under the name of Wild
Goose, all differing in size, color, and quality,
^ which are only varieties of the Chickasaw.. The
following are improved varieties of the Chick-
asaw and will to some extent resist the attack of
the curculio : Norman, Mountain Plum, Indian
Chief, Miner, and Richland.

AVithin a few years a large number of new
Strawberries have been added to our list of im-
proved varielies. Monarch of the West, Cen-
tennial, Capt. Jack, Cumberland Triumph,
Dumeu), President Lincoln, Durand's Beauty,
Great American, Star of the West, Franklin, Ster-
ling, Duchess, Pi'outy's Seedling and Crescent
Seedling, may be named as promising, if we ex-
cept Star of the West, which with me is entirely
worthless. It may be said that most of the
kinds here named are under trial and it will take
time to ascertain their value in ditlerent soils,
climate, «fcc. My experience with the Monarch
of the West has been very satisfactory ; it has
much to recommend it. The plant is very strong ;
does equally well in light or heavy soil ; fruit
very large and of uniform size ; bright scarlet,
fine quality, and i;ommands a high price in
market. It is a good bearer, and I think will
yield as much profit to the acre as any other va-
riety. We may except the Crescent Seedling, if
what is said of that variety be true, that it will
produce 400 bushels to the acre, which is from
two to three times as much as any other kind.
I have had but one season's experience with this
variety ; it is certainly very promising. Having
had some experience with most of the kinds I
have named, I shall the coming season extend
their cultivation. The kinds planted lastyearfor
fruiting the coming season, are mostly Charles
Downing and Monarch of the West, of which I
have an acre of each ; I have fruited the Charles
Downing ten years or more, and it has alwa)'s
given satisfaction. I consider it oie of the most
valuable varieties known.

The list of new Raspberries is not as long as
that of tiie strawberries ; but it is evident that
much progress has been made. In order to get
a crop from our best old varieties, the canes
must be buried. This involved much labor and
expense, and often discouraged the fruit grower
from planting largely of one of our finest fruits.
We name the following new kinds : New Roch-
elle and Caroline, as l)eing ])erfc(!tly hardy, pro-
ducing very large crops of fine fruit of the largest
size. The New Rochelle originated at New
Rochelle, Westchester Co., N. Y. My atten-

tion was called to this variety about three years
ago. The originator claimed tiiat it would pro-
duce three times as much as any known variety.
This is a seedling of thie Catawissa; fruit of the
largest size ; color, a dark red or a little darker
then the Philadelphia; very firm, and of the
finest flavor; the canes are ver^' strong, some of
them more than an inch in diameter. It propa-
gates from tips, makes no suckers, and is as hardy
as an oak. Carolina : this also originated at New
Rochelle, and is said to be a cross betvveen
Brinkle's Orange and Catawissa. This is also per-
fectly hardy, and a pivdigious bearer; the fruit
strongly resembles Brinkle's Orange ; fruit large,
bright orange, moderately firm, and in quality as
good as Brinkle's Orange. It is a perfect hybrid ;
propagates both from tips and suckers, but spar-
ingly either way. I have tested both these va-
rieties in m}'^ grounds, and endorse all that is
claimed for tiiem.

The Pride of the Hudson is another new
hardy variety said to be very promising ; it is to
be sent out this Spring, strongly endorsed by
some of our most reliable Horticulturists.

Early Andrews : I have fruited this variety
for over fifteen years. It was sent to me by A.
G. Coe,of Meriden, Conn. He informed nie that
it was found in the garden of a Capt. Andrews,
a neighbor of his. With me it has proved nearly
hardy; fruit medium size, bright red, fair quality,
ripening several days before any other variety.
I have sent the Early Andrews to several fruit
growers, who inform, through my friend Charles
Downing, that it is the same as Highland Hardy.
If this is so, some one has re-christened the Eaily
Andrews and sent it out under a new name.

A REMARKABLE PEAR.

I'.Y S. 15. PAKSONS, FLUSHING, N. V.

In passing through Thomasville, Georgia, on
the 20th of March, I was much impressed with
the beauty and rapid growth of a variety of pear
know there as the Chinese Sand Pear. I could
not recognize it as the variety, under that name,
with which I had been familiar for thirty years.
The fruit of that wat> worthless, while this
Georgia variet}' is said to be nearly equal to the
Bartlett, and to ripen in July. It is said to
have been found growing on the coast by M.
Le Comte, the well-known entomologist, and
believed by him to have been brought from
China. A more distinctive name would be the
Le Comte Pear As an ornamental tree it
possesses great beauty. Its habit is more pyra-

178

THE GARDEA'ER'S MOA //// )

I y/""'.

niidal th;in ll>;it of tlie HufTtini \w\\\\ and nn-atly
rcsombli's (hat of (lie I,(iml)anly l'<)i)lar. Its
foliam^ is lar<;i', (hick, with a liirht color and
flossy stem, wliich is rcniarkablv attractive.
1(8 vo«xct^i(ion is also very early. 0(her pears
near it lind just connnenced showing life, while
the Le C'onile pear was in full leaf. I(.s most
remarkable featnre is {[>> great rapidity of growth.
I saw Konu- specimens three years from the
cutting, and bearing, which were twenty feet
high, with a girth circumference of ten and a
half inches. I saw other.s, seven yeai-s from
cutting, which were thirty to thirty-five feet high,
with a girth circumference of eighteen inches,
and which had borne several bushels of fruit.
Tin- mother plant ha« bf)rne ei'j:hteen to twenty-
four bushels. The soil in which they were
growing wsis sandy and poor. Whatever may
be the origin of this pear, it is destined to be of
~reat value to the South by its adaptation to a
li^ht poor soil, and tiiore is quite a fever growing
up for it-s culture. Its fruit came in small quant-
ity to Xew York market last July, and brought
twelve dollars a bushel. If any one has tried it
at the North, I hope he will publish his experi-
ence iu your Journal.

Another plant which gave me pleasure was a
Magnolia fuscala, seven feet high and seven feet
in diameter, loaded with hundreds of blooms,
wi.h banana-like fragrance. The tea plant also
looked flourishing. The South is full of grand
capabilities. When faith and action go together,
tho whol.; country can be made a garden.

SLITTING TH • BARK OF PEAR TREES.

IJY MISS C. K. BHKWSTEII.

I don't think all trees will bear slitting the
bark any more than all will bear " oil." It
seems to me that your grounds must bearre-
iirirkably sluidy specimens that can bear any
thing ; as we see children that do grow up into
sl.K feet manhood, in s))ite of paregoric and sooth-
ing syrup in babyhood, and tobacco in their
callow youth. I do know that we lost a great
quantity of cherry trees by slitiing the bark
thereof, under the eye of a noted horliculturist
and warm advocate of that theory, about twenty
years ago. We had fruit enough, besides what
the birds ate, to use and to sell, before that ter-
rible experiment was tried; and now we have
none to sp:!ak of. The few trees that survived
the ordeal have never borne enough for the birds;
i:i fact they are mere cumberers of tlie soil only.
IJcing valuable sorLs, we cannot bear to dig
them up.

FDITOKIAL NOlliS.

PkAU Cl'LTirUK IN THK Noinil WK.ST. — "Wo
see paragraphs in (he papers that the Pear i»
an utter failnic in Illincis, Iowa and Wiscon-
sin. Such sweeping statements are worth atten-
tion. The writ»'r of this has Keen I'ear trees in
Michigan jis large as the oaks of the forest, and
;us sure to bear a.s abundant crops every year as
an oak would be to bear acrons. He hsis an im-
presf-ion that he has seen similar results in
younger trees in Iowa and Illinois, but in the
Michigan case he has (he trees now " in his
eyes." "Why these should not grow well and
bear good fruit on the Western as well as on the
Eastern shore of the J.ake, is not clear, and it is
worth a further inquiry whether there is any
such universal failure as here implied, and if so,
why ?

Enough of a Goon Thing. — The English,
like us, are getting embarra^^sed at the number of
good fi-uits. Says the Horisl: " The varieties
of new Peaches of American and English origin
have become so numerous, that aniateui"s and
others who cannot test them as they appear,"
are embarassed. It is easy to get a good fruit
from seed. We want no more good ones named
and distributed. Only those fruits should be
disseminated that are in some respect better than
an existing kind, and o"nly a competent authority
can decide this.

Pkau Clapp's Favoiute in Canada. — Mr.
D. AV. Beadle, in Canadian Horliculturist, says
this variety is all that its friends claim for it, in
his region, which is St. Catharir.cs. It is hardy,
vigorous, health}', and fruit of superior quality,
it lipens Just before the Bartlett.

The Ladv Apple. — Ameiicau-raiscd fruit of
this variety brought good prices in London, ac-
cording to ihe March market reports.

SouvENiu DU CoNGP.Es Peak. — Specimens
were exhibited before the Massachusetts Horti-
cultural Society last year, which wcij.hcd a
pound, and measured in length seven inches. In
quality it was not found " best," but still " very
good." It was raised by Mr. Morel Lyon, Vaise,
France.

The Early Season. — Among the most re-
markable appearances of the season, was au
abundanceof curculioby theendof April in Phila-
deluhia. With so much time to work, there
will 1)6 very little chance for an unaided crop of
plums. By the same date, myriads of Colorado

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

179

Beetles were after the " early worm " in the
shape of potato leaves. As fast as a little green
speck was seen, a hundred sharp eyed-beetles
were after it. It is very unusual to have to go
for the Paris green box so early.
••••

SCRAPS AND QUERIES.

PLOUGniNG Among tfie Roots of Trees. —
H. J. R., Riverside, Cal., writes : "As one of the
oldest subscribers to your journal, I am tempted
to trouble you with a few questions in relation
to the cultivation of the Orange and Lemon.
The growth of these fruits in orchards is one of
the great industries of this portion of the Pacitic
coast. "We have in this colony about 200,000
Oringe and Lemon trees in orchard, and about
500,000 in nursery. The trees in orchard are
planted about twenty feet apart. Nothing is
grown between the trees, and the usual custom
is to plough the orchard twice each season with
a heavy two-horse plow, and cultivate with a
dixinand-tooth cultivator as often as may be
necessary to keep down weeds or keep the sur-
face of the land loose and friable after each
irrigation ; as we cannot rely upon growing any-
thing here without irrigation. It has seemed to
me that this frequent deep ploughing would de-
stroy the surface roots, and ultimately injure
the trees ; but in our oldest orchards, six years
transplanted, we do not as yet detect any injury.
The seedling trees begin to bear in six to
eight 3-ears from the seed, according to the care
and attention given. Budded trees bear in one
to two years from the time of budding. So
much for prelude, now from your experience in
the cultivation of deciduous fruit trees, would
you advise such frequent deep ploughing of the
orchard after the trees are planted? Will
not budding dwarf the growth of the seedling
tree? "Would it answer to seed the orchard to
Alfalfa, and take an occasional crop of grass,
aid \yx\i ai o:;casional tTop, say during the
"Winter, to rot upon the ground? "We can cut
th3 Alfalfa eight times a year, and on good
fields it will j-ield two tons of dried hay per
acre, but requires thoi'ough irrigation to do this.
"Would like hear your opinion upon these points,
and any suggestions you may be able to give in
reiiaid to the cultivation of the diflcrent varieties
of the Citrus family."

, (There is no general rule in regard to plough-
ing orchards. There are many cases where it is
absolutely best to plough orchards, and others

where one may absolutely refrain from plough^
ing them. Then there are ca.ses which cannot
be settled so decisively, but it is to be a balance
of advantages or disadvantages whether we
should plough or not. Ploughing or non-plough-
ing of orchards is just one of those cases in gar-
dening where nothing but practical skill and
experience of one's wants and one's surroundings
on the spot can decide.

To giv an illustration : — There is in no case a
doubt but that a tree has need of all its roots,
and more if it could get them ; so some people
would say, w will sow the orchard in grass, and
thus avoid ploughing, which must injure some
roots. But the roots are of no use unless they
have something to eat ; and if we let the srass
have the best of the food, there is no gain, and
often a loss. In such cases, it is better to plough
the ground and destroy the grass, though some
roots are destroyed, because the roots left have
at least all the food to themselves. But if we
are so situated that we can give the grass all the
food it wants, and the tree roots all the food they
need, then it is far better not to plough the
ground, because then you have not only all the
roots to work for you, but some cool shade be-
sides. It follows that in those parts of the world
where little manure can be had for top-dressing,
it would be the height of absurdity to keep an
orchard in grass, no matter how great the theo-
retical advantages might be. The surface should
be ploughed to keep down grass and weeds so
that the tree may have all the food there is in
the soil. All that we can say is, that as a prin-
ciple of culture, those trees are the healthiest,
the largest leaved, every vvay the best, which,
with plenty of food, have their roots the least
disturbed.

Budding or grafttng does not dwarfen Oranges
or Lemons, unless a dwarf variety hajjpens to be
employed as a scion. — Ed. G. M.]

Stocks for Graftixg Goosekerrie?. —
Mrs. M. E. W., Sublette, Mo., writes: In the
Gardener's Monthly of July, 1875. there is
an article from the pen of Albert Benz, Ba}"-
side, L. I., on the subject of grifting gooseber-
ries ; and as I am g<ung to undertake gnrdening
in a small war, I, of course, wish to do cvcr}'-
thing in the best possi!)le manner.

II it would not be pri'suniing too much upon
your valuable lime, I would like to have you
inform me in regard to the stocks used.

"What is Ribes aureum,and Ribes Floridanum,
and where can the latter be obtained ? I have

180

TJIK GARDENER'S MONTHLY

{June,

Fpvonil ciitaln^iiu's, but do not sec lliciii advcr-
lisod in any <>t" tlu-ni.

[Kibes anriMini, is tl'.c oniiiinon yi'llow Mis-
souri (\nrant of tbe old jiardi'iis ; and liibcs
Floridanum is (ho wild native l>laok Currant of
the Kastern States. They are used for stocks
heeaiise tiie root-s are more suited to our liot
SuninuM- ground than the forei<;n varieties are.
It is this heated ground which induces niiklew in
the hirge Entllish Gooseberries, and when on
these native stocks they are therefore niihlew-
free. Tliey are not common in country nur-
series, because theie is little demand for them ;
but any nurseryman wlio knows his business
could jienerally get them for you. if you give
him time enough, as it is part of their business
to know where they can get things when ordered
by responsible parties. There is seldom any-
thing to be had in the trade at all, that a lirst-
class nursery cannot obtain when ordered by
their well-known customers, though you may
look through hundreds of catalogues without
finding the thing desired. — Ed. G. M.]

The Peau Slug.— C. B. J., Camden, Del.,
writes : The pear slu^ occasions great trouble
and loss in this section. Is there no method of
preventing their invasions? People here, very
generally, I believe, know of the expedient of
dusting with different substances; but this pro-

cess I have found tedious, not always practicable
nor ell'ectual.

If you could put our fruit growers in posses-
sion of a prev(!ntive of these; attncks you would
confer a great favor, and I should be glnd to help
make it known in connection with your name.
Or perhaps you could communicate a specitie
through your Monthly.

I am not much accjuaiMled with liie naturai
history of this pest. I do not suppose it ascends
from the groun<l, as tlu' first generation of a
season that appears on the leaves is very minute.
Perhaps in the case of small trees, the emanations
of salt placed at the proper time in the trees in

I small bags would cUVct something. I have read

I that Iodine would attract them.

I In small nursery trees, I have found it best to
Jar them off after they had advanced somewhat
in growth.and send the cultivator over the ground.
[Does any one know of any thing better than
dusting or sprinkling, as our correspondent
says these processes are tedious. But we know
of no other.— Ed. G. M.]

Fkuit Prospects at Boston.— Col. Wilder,
under date of May ?)d, writes: "Splendid
weather! 84°. Peaches, cherries, pears, all in
bloom. There will be a small crop of pears»
will) few exceptions. Anjous are full of bloom.
This the earliest sea.son since 1865, when we
cut grass 13 inches high, on 19th April."

Forestry.

COMMUNICA TIONS.

FORESTRY IN SOUTHERN KANSAS.

BY C.II. LONGSTRETH, FORESTER FOR A. T. AND
S. F. R. R. CO.

The subject of Forest Culture is without doubt
a momentous question, and one of vast import-
ance, in view of the future wants of the whole
country. "While there is evidently a growing in-
terest in the subject, there at the same time
seems to be a great want of knowledge of just
how to commence the growing of a forest, and
be successful therein.

In view of these facts, and to encourage the
planting and growing of trees in Southern Kan-
sas, the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railroad
Company, in the spring of 1873, established ex-
perimental stations at different points along the
line of their road, extending from Hutchinson

westward, for the purpose of testing the different
varieties of trees, learning the kinds best adapted
to our soil and clmvate, and the best mode of
culture.

The results of these experiments, running
through the past four years, justify the conclu-
sion that forest trees for shade, wind-breaks, fuel,
timber and ornament are easily, cheaply and
quickly grown ; and we are confident that, from a
few acres of trees planted and attended to with a
proper degree of intelligence and care, the farmer
may, in four or five years, supply himself with
fuel, and also with mucn material that will be of
service to him about a farm, besides add many
times the cost to the saleable value of his farm.

Among the several varieties that have proved
successful with us, as far as tested, we would
recommend the following as amonsr the best for
general planting : Ash, Black Walnut, Box

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

181

Elder, Cottonwood, Honey Locust, Osage Orange,
Silver Maple, and, for fuel and fruit, the Peach.
The Ash is a beauliful, fast-growing tree, and
makes valuable timber, being used extensively
in the manufacture of farm implements. It
grows along nearly all the streams in Kansas.
The seed can be easily gathered from the trees,
as at ripens in the Fall. It should be kept in
<lamp sand till Spring, and then planted about
one inch deep, dopping ten to twelve seed to the
foot, in nursery rows, to be transplanted to the
forest at one or two years old.

Black Walnut is a handsome, hardy, fast-grow-
ang tree. The valuable properties of its wood
are so well known that I need not speak of them
here. In a few years from planting the annual
eropofnuts will amply pay all cost. The nuts
are easily obtained from the trees which grow
along the streams, and should be gathered in the
Fall for seed, and bedded in the ground, covering
them with earth to keep moist till Spring, and
then plant two to three inches deep where the
trees are to remain.

Box Elder is one of the hardiest trees we have ;
makes a rapid growth for the first eight or ten
years, and is a handsome tree, but seldom gets
■over thirty or forty feet in height. The quality
of its wood is similar to that of the silver maple.
The seed can be gathered the same as the Ash,
a,nd at the same time. They should be mixed
with sand, and kept damp (never wet) through
the Winter, in a cool place. Plant as recom-
mended for Ash.

Cottonwood grows rapidly, with little care ;
makes a quick shade or wind-break, and is pretty
good fuel when dry. Young plants are often
found along the streams, and may be transplanted
to the grove ; or it may be easily propagated
from cuttings of the last year's growth, which
may be taken off at any time in mild weather
•during the Winter. Cut twelve inches long, and
pack Mway in earth till Spring. Plant in mellow
soil, leaving only two or three inches of the top
above ground.

Honey Locust is a beautiful, hardy tree, well
suited to our soil and climate. The seed should
be gathered as soon as ripe in the Fall, and kept
in moist sand till Spring, and then planted about
two inches deep. The seed should be soaked in
warm water till it begins to swell, before planting.
Osage Orange is one of the most valuable trees
we can cultivate. It mnkes a tolerably rapid
growth. It is a hardy tree, easily propagated,
and the wood is exceedingly tough, liard and

durable, making g-)od fuel, and the tiniber is of
great value whenever strength and durability are
required. For the manufacture of wagons and
farm machinery, it is said to be the best timber
in the world. In its native forests in Texas, it
makes a tree two and one-half to three feet in
diameter, and sixty feet high. It is usually
cheapest to buy the plants at one or two years
old, of growers.

Silver Maple is a rapid grower ; the wood is fine-
grained, and is used to some extent in cabinet
work. It is, however, liable to be broken by
high winds, and by ice and snow accumulating
on the branches. When closely planted in groves
or belts, this is less likely to occur. The seed
ripens in May and June, and must be gathered
and planted soon after, in drills, covering about
one inch deep.

The Peach tree grows well on the prairies —
makes a rapid growth — and for quick returns i»
a good substitute for some of the slower-growing
forest trees. It will produce a large amount of
fuel in four or five years from planting, and the
fruit may pay well for all cost of planting and
tending. Cover the seed lightly to keep them
moist during the Winter, and in the Spring crack
all that are not cracked by the frost, and plant
about two inches deep.

There are other trees of more or less value
that we are testing upon our experimental
grounds, that promise well, so far as tried, and
may be planted by those who want a great va^
riety, or can aflbrd the greater care and cost ne-
cessary to insure success — among which we might
name as worthy of attention the Burr Oak,
Hackberry, Ameiican Elm, Kentucky Coflee
Tree, and Ailanthus.

Burr Oak.— The seed of the Oak ripens in the
Fall, and should be treated as recommended for
Walnut. The Hackberry and Kentucky Coffee
Tree ripen their seed the same time as the Oaks,
and should be treated as recommended for Honey
Locust. The Elms ripen their seed in May and
June, and should be treated as recommended for
Silver Maple.

Native Trees. — All the trees I have named, ex-
cept the Ailanthusar.d Osage Orange, are natives
ofKansa.s,and can bo depended ujion. The seed
can be ea'-ily gathered from then\ all as they ripen.

SWAMP DOGWOOD.

J. T., CIIANUTE, NKOSIIO CO., KAKSA8.
Will you or some of your ccrresp.irdenls in-
form me as to the value or meiits of the Swamp

182

IHE GARDF.NKR'S MONTHLY

[June,

Dnjjwoml ? It crnwR here aloiifj tbc banks of the
Nooslu) UiviT, find I have been told (h:it it^nuvs
in the swamps of Viririnia. It is of u dwnrlisli
hal)it.«:ro\\ ini: from eii^lit to ton feet liiuii ; loliiuje
reseinldes tlie white h)weiini; Dniiwood, luit
smaller; the flower and berry is white (so I have
been informed). They are not quite in bloom yet.

/■/^/TOR/AL NOTES.

Ik.ACK Walnuts and Oi:cirAi:i>s. — Corres-
pondents have become friLjhtened ai)ont Blaek
Walnut trees. They believe them injurious to
trees ^rowiui; near them. Others iirowincr under,
or even elose to them. suffer, because the AValnut
is a i^ross feeder, and takes all the eatables to
its own taljle; but it has no ill effect in any other
wav". We have known of Walnut trees of im-
men.se age and size within fifty feet of old apple
trees, and both apparently well satisfied with
their companions.

Pine Lumrer of Utah. — At a recent meet-
ins: of the Academy of Natural Sciences of
Philadelphia, .specimens of boards from the coni-
fers of Utah, were presented from Mr. A. L.
Siler. Juniperus Virginiana, the common Red
(Jedar, is precisely like the wood of the Red
Cedar of the Atlantic States ; thonuh growing so
man)- miles inland, and at so high an eleva-
tion. Juniperus occidentalis, the Western
Cedar, ha.s, however, the heart wood brown
instead of a rcsy red, as in the Eastern kind.
Pinus ponderosa, more nearly resembles the
wood of Pinus palustris,or Yellow Pine of the
Ea^t. It is known as the "Heavy Wooded
Pine," but we doubt whether it is as heavy, foot
for foot, as Pinus palustris. Abies Douglasii is
the "Red Pine," and much like, in character and
apparent qualities, the Norway Spruce, or
"Deal" of Europe. It is evidently a much
better wood. Pinus tlexilis has no common
namii among the settlers in Ut;ih. The wood is
a whitish brown, rather soft, and showing hardly
any grain. Pinus edulis is the " Pinou" of the
Mexicans. The wood is as white as a piece of
Linden, and brittle. It takes on a remarkably j
smooth surface under the plane, and may be of ^
8ome great use by these peculiarties. The mo.st j
remarkable wood of the whole is the Pinus j
aristata, or " Cat Tail Pine." The color is j
almost as dark as Mahogany, and the fibre is i
curiously twisted and contorted, so that it is j
difficult to get a piece for a boai'd free from a j

flaw ; but where a good piece is found, it ex-
hibits a fuie hilk-likc grain, and it would, no
doubt, b^ very useful in fine ornamental work.
Mr. Siler remarks thar, the Pinus ponderosa,
called " Heavy Wooded Pine" in the books,
is known as the " liong lit'afed-Pi.ie" in Utah.

SCRAPS /INI) OUHRIRS.

A Large Chfst:<ut Tree.— In Ryberry
township, Montgomery county, Peima., a chest-
nut tree, on the farm late of N. Richardson
measures 20 feet in circumference four feet from
the ground, which is the smallest pliu;e. This
tree is traced back to four generations, which
have i)icked the nuts from under it.

The Birch. — As we look on these trees gen-
erally in our gardens, or even in our forests, we
have little idea of its great use of the birch lo
man. A lumber paper telis us that the 4»irch w
a true liardy mountaineer, loving the rugged
mountain side and luxuriating in the wiUl savage
glens of the cold North. It is the bust tree seen
on approaching that hitherto inaccessible spot,,
the North Pole, disappearing entirely at the 70th
parallel. The ancient Caledonians made canoes
of birch branches and bark, covering the outside
with skins. From birch they made every imagi-
nable kind of implement and vessel. The writer
has seen, in the remote part of the Highlands, cot-
tages in which every utensil was made of birch, all
being cut out of the solid timber in the most
primitive fashion. Fancy, if ye can, ye eliit of
the modern tea-drinking world, your cups and
saucers composed of wood. Yet such was once
the fashion, and our glorious ancestors "punck
bowl" and "bicker" were made of such primitive
material. It is recorded, that «luring the year*
272, ;^00 and 310, years of great famine, the
inhabitants of Britain were compelled to eat
birch-bark. In Sweden, it has been used to mix
with corn for food. In Russia and Poland, thi»
tree enters largely into constructive arts, from
the fittings and furnishings of the palace to the
manufacture of the tobacco pipe.

PER.SIMMON Gum. — It may not be generally
known, says the /^wra/ J/eAseng«r, of Petersburg,
Va., that the common Persimmon tree of this.
State {^Diospyros Virpriniana) yields at a certain
sei son a gum, which, when boiled and strained,,
afterwards being dried in thin layers, is equal in
adhesive quality to ordinary gum arable of the
shops. The method is to cut with an axe or

187^.]

AND HORTlCULrURlST.

183

broad chisel cups in the body of the tree, from
the root up as hiah as you can reach. Do this
in the spring, and in a short time the cups will be
filled with the crude gum, which should be re-
moved before becoming too hard. The gum
should then be phiced in a small iron or earthen
vessel, and this be put in a larger one containing
water, which must be raised to the boiling point.

frequently stirring the gum in the m^^antime.
In about an hour's lime remove from the fire
and strain the liquid through a coarse cloth to
remove the sediment and impurities. Spread it
thinly over the bottom of, plates or dishes to cool
and harden, after which it may be easily removed,

J and can hardly be detected from the gum of

i Arabia.

Natural History and Science.

COMMUNICA TIONS.

THE SECULAR CHANCE OF VEGETATION.

BY MR. MARC, BUDA-PESTH, HUNGARY.

The periodical change of vegetation has often
been discussed, and its process has been confirmed
in every country. Thus Grisebach in his classical
work "• die Vegetation der Erde^'' relates the fact
that in the valleys of Guiana a .secular change
has taken place between woods and grass. This
is not an isolated fact ; on the contrary, many
more are extant, and of the most patent ones I
shall here put down a few.

In the lowest strata of the moor and peat
lands of Jutland, that much split-up tongue of
land, in AVestern Europe, trunks of pine trees,
Fie a excelsa, Lamb, have been found, proof of
former existence of pine woods. That tree not
only is nowhere to be found any more in Jut-
land, but not even tradition hands down any
knowledge of its former existence there. On the
top of this layer of pine trees, trunks of the
German oak are found. There are but few isolated
trees of that oak found in Jutland nowadays.
The present woods are mostly Beech.

Another free that has disappeared is Piceafuc-
c'nt/ero, Rick; there must have been once vast for-
ests of it on the eastern shores of the Baltic, and
in some sections of Southern France. Its prec-
ious petritied rosin is our present amber.

The same process is now going on in New
Zealand with the Kauri fir, Dammnra Austrnlis,
Lamb., it disappears and, spite of pains and trou-
ble taken, will not succeed any more when
planted. In places where that tree does not
exist any more for a long lime, clumps are found
of its rosin, in a more or less hardened state.
Wherever that fir disappeared, there appeared
Pteris esculenta, the roots of which serve the
Maoris as food. A poor substitute for the valua-
ble ship-timber of the Kauri fir.

Another evidence of the law of vegetable
change is the quick lu'climatization and aston-

ishing spread of plants which have migrated into
distant countries. This is the case, notably
with Cynara scolymus, Linn., or artichoke, the
seed of which is easily transmitted by the wind
or by adhering to the coats of animals. Thus,
it was carried to the pampas of La Pl<\la by
a donkey, about the year 1769. Much to
the chagrin of the Gauchos, and to the disad-
vantage of their cattle industry, this plant
now covers very many squai'C miles. It
seems, in fact, to have found there a most
favorable soil, for its dimensions and devel-
opment may be called gigantic when com-
pared with its native ones. The traveler through
such districts of the Pampas must not leave the
narrow-trodden paths; if he does, he will be
lost amongst the dense and growing artichokes.

Erigeron Canadensis has been imported into
England in the body of a bird ; has from there
spread all over Europe, and is now one of the
most troublesome weeds, found everywhere,
even on roofs and old walls.

Xanthium strumarium, Linn., and ^T. eehina-
turn, Murr, came from the lower Danube, by
droves of pigs, into Hungary, and now troubles
all pastures as far as Northern Germaiiy.

That water pest, Etodea Canadensis, Mich., has
multiplied enormously in the waters of England,
Scotland, Belgium, Holland and Germany, often
stopping up entirely drainpipes, and, in canals,
driving before it all other vegetation.

The "Bulletin de la migration des vegetaux"
make mention of Lindernia pyxid(eria, Linn., a
scrophulancB, as having covered toward the end
of the last century the waters of the Scvre, near
Nantes, where that river joins Ihe Loire. It is
five years ago that a botanist of Nantes found to
his surprise that this Lindeniia was driven out by
an American llysanthes. M. lledatcs found in
186'), a groat many of these llysanthes, on the
slimy shores of Mayenne, and amon2;Ft them
choked the native Lindernia.

On the other hand, how many migrations of

1S4

7///-; C.ih'PF.A'/.h' S MOXrill.Y

[ June,

plants liivvc" not .succt-H-.clod, or li;iv»' uctuncd
without. furtluT conseciuimci- y Tlu* last Franco.
Cu'iinan war fiirnislu's sucli an instance. About
IGM (lilVcrc.nt hj»ch'Jcs of i)lant.s were in»j)orte(l into
France in tlie. fora<;(' ()!" (Jcrman lior.ses. Not
finding favorable cicnu'nt.s tiicrc, tlicv u'Jaduallj
disappeared, nil but seven of l.bon, wliicb arc
now citizens of French soil.

The.se phenomena of vepictalion .an l)c ex-
plained by physiological laws, by the eternal
ninlation of chemical and pliysical prop(>rties of
the soil, and by climatic inllucnces.

There rci<;ns in nature a constant motion, a
continual chans;e, the laws of which are fixed
and immnlablc. The change already of one sin-
Cle factor of the conditions of vejietation of a
place or country ]>roduces a correspondinji
chauire in its plants or in their vitality. Take
the trolible and mark on your next meadow the
spot where a certain plant now grows, return to
it after one or several yeara and you will not find
it there any more, but replaced by some other
one. The same takes place in the woods, only
trees live longer, and .so the changi^ takes more
yeai-s. Every pomologist knows that, in the
place of a dead fruit tree, no new one of the
same kind can l)e planted without giving it new
soil.

Every jjlant, in accordances with its specific
individuality, appropriates to itself such ele-
ments of the soil as are most suitable, return-
ing to the soil the un.suitable ones, which, how-
ever, are absorbed in their turn by other and dif-
ferent plant.s.

This explains a steafly change of our earth's
green dress.

Greater attention to this process and more
precise, records of its details seem to be most
desirable.

SEEDING OF WISTARIA SINENSIS.

l$y A COURE.SPOXDKNT, nOSTOX, MASS.

The fact that Wvilaria sinensis, \\\\ii\\ support-
ed, that is, grown as a climber — if I understand
the phraseology — is seedless ; while the "tree" or
self-supporting plant bears "ruit abundantly.
This, which Mr. M^elian allud3S to in his paper
''On the Laws Governing the Production of Seed
in IVisfarnsinensis, (see Gardener's Monthly.
page 152), is hardly of very general application.
The fii'st time I ever saw Wistaria in fruit was
two years ago, when I saw a plant well covered
with pods running over the porch of a house in
New Jersey. In this latitude (Boston), the Wis-

taria rarely I'l iiit.-', hut last year vv:u«i exceptional.
Three staiuJards of "Tree Wistaria" came under
my notice — two bore no fruit, and the third, al-
though a vi'ry large plant, had then a dozen,
while two supported plants in the same neigh-
l)orhoi»d were loailed with pods.

1 Newspaper abstracts seldom do more than
let the reader know that a paper of the nature
indicated has been ottered. The paragraph we
gave, was just as it appeared in o\ir conteini)orary,
and as mere news. The Wistaria fiu-t was nu^rely
uiven to illustrate the dilFereMit efVects of vegeta-
tive from reproductive force; and we; fan<;y, if
our correspondent gets an opportunity to read
the whole article, ho will nol lind much to ob-
ject to. In relation to the Wistaria itself and
its seeding, we are not sure just now that the
original pa[»er says the Wistaria never produces
seeds except as a tree, any more that it alum, s
seeds when grown on tl tnu' ; for we certainly
know of tree Wistarijis which do not seed some-
times. But the words, if employed at all, are in
a general sense. The jirinciijles sought to be
illustrated in i]w paper, will show that there can-
not be this exact dividing line, for it will be
seen that it is not a (jut stion of support, or non-
support, but of exhausted vegetative force that
governs seed production. It may, and no doubt
often does happen, that this exhaustion will occur
as well or better on sqme vines which have run
over trellises than in the self-supi>ortmg case ; and
when this occurs Mr. McehaiTs paper will show
the plant ought to be correspondingly more pro-
ductive.~Ep. G. M.]

EDITCmiAL NOTES.

New Varieties nv Gr.vftixg.— The experi-
ments on apples, by the editor of the Garden-
er's Mokthly, show that new varieties can be
o])tained by grafting ; and observations, previ-
ously recorded by other persons in various
departments of culture, ))rove that the very old
idea is not without some foimdation. During
the visit of the Emperor of Brazil to the sugar
plantations, he communicated to some gentle-
men there that new varieties of sugar-cane had
been originated by grafting, and promised
to send the documents in relation thereto.
These have been recently received and trans-
lations made, by which it a])pears that a variety
known as St. Julian was obtained in that way.
It was raised by Commander Julian Ribeiro de
Castro by splice-grafting ; the Cayenne being
the stock and the Molle being the scion. The

1878.]

AND HORTJCULTURI^

185

•eyes and leaves of the product were of the Molle,
but the stem and the size of the Cayenne. In
this case, the two eyes were selected and split in
halves, as taken by the editor of the Garden-
er's Monthly with his apple grafts, and the
alternate halves united before grafting. Trials
were made to set these united halves as cuttings,
■but no hybrid results came. Only when grafted
on a growing stock did hybrids result from the
halved pieces.

In order to test the matter, the Imperial
Agricultural Instiiute undertook to investigate
it. Accordingly, in 1867, Dr. Glasl, of the
Botanical Garden, grafted a number between
October and January, at different times. Many
various plans of grafting were employed. Dr.
Glasl concluded that the results faVored the idea
of hybridizing by bud-grafliug. whereupon there
was a committee of learned men appointed, who
reported that, after long examination of the
specimens thems(dves, they cont^luded that the
theory was untenable, because inconsistent with
the views of Mirbel and Du Petit Thours on
Vegetable Physiology. They found there was
no absolute union of parts, and consequently no
grafLing. The variation, therefore, they regarded
as a mere sport, just as likely to occur in a piece
with another sort fastened to it, ixs in many
plants there is change witho\it grafting. The com-
mittee, therefore, concluded to report against
the graft-hybifid idea, and Dr. Glasl signed the
paper with the rest.

For our part, and for the reasons given in the
first part of this notice, we regard the conclu-
sion as unsound. We see no reason why hybrids
may not be had from bud-grafting the sugar-
cane, and, therefore, have made this condensa-
tion of the facts so as to draw attention to the
subject. We have no doubt of the soundness of
the teachings of Du Petit Thours and Mirbel.
We should not want to discuss U>at question ; but
we do want to see a few experiments tried by
•different people, which would take no more time
to make, than to read through a volume by these
■celebrated naturalists.

Hairs of Plants— Their Forms and Uses.
— Under this head, a valuable i)aper by Prof.
Heal is contributed to the May number of the
American Naturalist. Representations of a
great number of hairs are given, many species
having forms, in many respects, peculiar to
themselves. As to the uses of hair and hair-like
glands, Prof. Beal asks, " May not these glands
also draw nourishment from the particles of dust

which fall on them from the ground?" and he
refers to Mr. Darwin's experiments to prove that
" some of these plants (Tomatoes, Tobacco,
Petunia, and many others) do certainly absorb
and appropriate gaseous and liquid bodies."
Prof. Beal believes that there is a great
mass of useful knowledge yet to be obtained
from a study of these appendages.

Abies and Picea. — The reason why we have
to call the Spruces Picea, and not Abies, and
the Firs Abies, and not Picea, is thus given by
Dr. Engelmann in his recent monograph on the
Firs of the United States :

" I follow Link (Linncea, xv., 525, 1841) in his
name, definition, and circumscription of the
genus, which seems to be a very natural one,
comprising the Silver or Balsam Firs. The
synonym Picea (Don) in Loudon, Arb., iv., 2329,
1838, is the older name, and enjoys the Linna^an
prestige, (but is contrary to classical Plinius,
&c.,) and philological authority. The name
Abies is generally adopted on the continent of
Europe, while Picea was heretofore principally
used in England, but is now being abandoned.
Picea, Link (the same Abies, Don), is the proper
name for the Spruces. Tournefort, the elder
De Candolle, Gray, and others, comprise under
the name of Abies both Firs and Spruces. The
generic distinctions between them are based
both on the floral and fruit characters, as well as
on the leaf anatomy."

The Origin of the Prairies.— We rarely
meet an intelligent man who has not made up
his mind as to how the prairies were formed ;
and further, rarely found one person develop his
theory that did not unexpectedly receive a
"poser" from some wily antagonist. Prof.
Lesquereaux has written on the subject, and
now O. P. Hay, in the American Naturalist,
offers some reasons why belief in Prof. Lesquer-
eaux should be foi bidden.

Botanical Contributions.— Professor Asa
Gray contributes an account of some new plants
to the April number of the Proceedings of the
American Academy of Arts and Sciences. No
less than seventeen new species of Astragalus
are described, some of which will probably
prove of gardening interest. Acanthacea^, not
a large order in the United States, has two new
genera added to it.

Par.\site on the Codling Moth. — Mr.
Chas. D. Zimmerman, of Buffalo (Pine Hill
Nurseries), has discovered a new and useful
enemy to the Codling Moth, which latter is so

ISG

■J'llE GARDENER'S MON'IJJLY

[Ji'fif,

frrcat an eiioniv to npplo cultivators. It is a
black <'annil)al bpotlc, the Tenrhrioides Inticnilis,
whiili oats up the «-at('r|iillar and ( inplifs the
chrvsalis of the Codlini: M«Uli-

AiuKs UKOix.E AMELKE. — A correppeiulent
of the Cnrdener^s Record says that in Greece
this species will sprout up and J'orin a new tree
after the trunk has been cut down, and that it is
th(> only species of Conifer that will do this in
that country.

SCRAPS AND QUERIES.

TiiK DwAUK June IJEinjv.— Mr. Sereno AVat-
son kindly contributes the following note :

" The 'Dwarf June-berry, 'of pap;e 141 is doubt-
less Amelnnchitr alnifolin, Xuttall. a species
very distinct from any form of A. canadensis,
abundant in all the mountains from Colorado to
California, and fruitinij fully.

Another correspondent says : "There is a very
good account of the Dwarf June Berry in the
American ^IgricwZ/MnV, April, 1871, p. 14^ I tried
it f<jr three or four years, and in all that
while did not get a quart of fniit. At the
first hint of ripening the birds go for the fruit,
and not one do they leave. I got out of patience,
and threw all out but a few to keep as dowering
shrubs, and they are very floriferous and worth
growing a« such. It suckers very finely,
which is an answer to the nurseryman's question,
'Will it cut?'"

And we have the following from Mr. II. A.
Terry, Crescent City, Iowa. :

"Since I wrote the article in regard to the
Dwarf June Berry, in your May number, 1 have
learned that tree agents are preparing to llood
our State with plants of the true "Whortleberry or
Blueberry of the East, which are entirely worth-
less in tliis State. Now what shall we do to
prevent the people from being imposed upon?
Dr. Hall, of Davenport, has been gx'owing this
Dwarf June Berry for several years, and sending
it out as the ti-ue Huckleberry, making it appear
that the Huckleberry succeeds in our State ; and
now the tree agents are taking it up, and the
people will try it on the recommeiuLation of Dr.
Hall. If you have access to the Report of our
State Horticultural Society for 1877, 1 would
suggest that it would be very proper for 3'ou to
publish the resolutions on page 205 of said re-
port. Unless I forget it, I will at the proper
time send you more plants of the genuine Dwarf
June Berry."

Hybrids. — A correspondent writes that he has

"crossed Amaryllis JohuHoni, and Richardia
.^Klliiopica, and last week planted four perfect
i-et'ds." Tlie families to which these plants be-
long 'ire so very widely separated that it is more
prol)able that the seed-beaiing plant, in spite of
all care, received some of its own pollen. Slill,
as our correspondent has the seed, h t him by all
means wait and see what it comes to. It takes
two or three years of very good growth to tlower
a seedling Amaryllis.

Lightning.— Miss B. a.^ks, "can the Beech
tree be struck by lightning?" AVe are almost
sure we have read somewhere of an authentic
Ciuse of a Beech being struck by lightning. There
is really no re;i.son why it should not be liable^
and doubtless people in Indiana, or other States
where the tree is abundant, could give instances
withm their own knowledge.

Robin Hood Plant.— J. (r. D., King of
Prussia, Pa., says :-^" I wish to know if there is
a plant called Robin Hood. Have been informed
that it is used by florists in the making of bou-
quets."

Gall on the WildCiierhy Leaf. F.McM.,
Fair Haven, N. J., writes : "Would you please in-
form me through the GARDENER'ei Monthly^
what it is, and what causes the growth upon the
Wild Cherry leaves enclosed ?" [These are pouch-
like galls, made by some small fly in which to
deposit her eggs. — Ek).]

Rose Gall. — A correspondent sent us, some
time ago, a beautiful burr-like gall on arose leaf.
Any such pretty thing sent to the writer of the
following letter from any readerof the Garden-
er's Monthly will be appreciated by Mr. Bas-
sett.

Waterbury, Conn., jtfcy 6, 1878.

"The galls seem to be the Jihodites bicolor, hut
this species is not common here, and I have nev-
er seen young galls on our rose-bushes, and tho'
mature ones always appear to come from a bud
rather than from a leaf.

I shall be greatly obliged if you can send me
some of these galls late in the Summer or in
Autumn.

The gall-flies of Rhodites bicolor winter in the
galls, and the flies made their appearance ten
days ago (here) from galls collected this Spring.

I should be pleased to hear Mhether the
Strawberry has a gall on the petiole in your dis-
trict, also if there are any affecting the canes of
the various varieties of red Raspberries.

Dinstrop us tursidus, Bassett, is found here on
the "Philadelphi;i" and the "red Antwerps,"
and farther north on the common Wild Red."

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

187

Literature, Travels I Personal Notes.

COMMUNICA TIONS.

FROM OREGON TO WASHINCTON-A
GLIMPSE OF THREE RIVERS.

BY FANNY E. BRIGGS.

From Salem to Portland by rail, Feb. 16th.
The country that, last August, was so refresh-
ing to the eye after the scorched plains of Cali-
fornia was now promisirg, rather than beautiful,
presenting chietly an alternation of newl3'-sown
wheat-tields, and forest lands in process of clear-
ing.

Oregon City, one of the oldest towns in the
State, is the most picturesque in situation I have
yet met with. Here are the falls of the Willa-
niette,and aline of high, rocky bluffs rise abruptly,
leaving only a narrow strip of level ground
along the river. The railroad is built on this.
The town is wholly on the bluffs, and is reached
by long flights of stairs, some of them set zig-zag
in upright frames. The town is neat and pretty,
with gardens, shade and fruit trees in abundance.
The rocky face of the bluff is covered with
mosses, ferns, and vines, and two or three little
silver ribbons of mountain streams leap spark-
ling from its brow.

From Portland twelve miles down the Willa-
mette to its confluence with the Columbia. The
meeting of two such rivers is a theme for the
poet's pen. Leaving their native mountains so
far asunder, flowing onward through rocky
gorges and dark forests, gathering tribute as they
go, here they unite at last, and the great Ocean
rolls m its waves to meet and embraco them.

Twenty-five miles more down the Columbia,
its banks rising in bold precipitous cliffs, or
clothed with dark fir forests to the water's edge,
the sea-gulls sweeping round us, or diving for
their prey. Scenery too lonely and sombre to
be termed beautiful, yet nowhere unworthy the
majestic river. Now we turn northward into
l>^wis river. It is a small stream, and very
crooked in its course. Oaks and other forest
trees mingle with the ever-present firs. Above
high-water mark every trunk and busb is clothed
with moss, and old trees are so dcnsel}' matted
with this moss, that great tufts of fern find root
in its masses.

The little Hydra, true to its name, winds in
and out the nan-ow, crooked river, and lands us
Bafely at La Center, eight miles from its mouth.

The bank is steep and high, and there is just
enough level ground for tbe street and its row of
buildings, and the town lots run up the hill, and
look over the tops of the houses.

Now we are out among the giant firs, three
miles from the river. A young growth of fir is
60 closely set, and densely branched as to form
a perfect hedge, almost impervious to light, or
to any living creature. Asgrowtb advances, the
lower branches die until the wood becomes only
a collection of bare poles, with each a little tuft of
green at the ton. Then I suppose that Nature
begins the course of selection that results in "the
survival of the fittest," and a fir tree in its perfect
maturity is a noble and beautiful object. Tow-
ering straigbt upward, two hundred, and even
three hundred feet, with a regular and beautiful
taper of which the eye never tires, and though
really large in gh'th, they are so tall that they
seem slender, and have even an appearance of
airy lightness as they wavp to and fro in the w ind.

At some time long past fires have swept over
great tracts of these Fir Forests. A dense
growth of underbrush has covered the ground,,
and the huge cliarred trunks encumber it, yet
many still remain standing, black and liideous.
These "burned districts," however, are preferred,,
as being much easier to clear.

The climate is mild, such hardy flowers as dai-
sies blooming in gardens all winter. Now, early
in April, deciduous trees are nearly in full leaf^
and many shrubs in flower, the most conspicuous
being the Dog-wood (Cornus Nuttalli); the most
beautiful tbe Oregon Currant (llibes sanguin-
ea). Of smaller flowers, Trillium grandiflorum
is most noticeable, and Golden Club (Oroutium^

in low places.

•••► —

EDITORIAL NOTES.

European Notes, by the Editor. — No. 10^

— As we walk through the streets of our leading
American cities in these, our times, it is not un-
usual to read that Ilong Wing, or Hang Lee has
a " Laundry," and you may enjoy from the
street the sight of a pig-tailed head, placed* on
the top of a sort of nether garment, squirting
water from its mouth on the whitened linen
before it. In Paris you read it as " M. Blanc,,
blancliiseuse" and tlu; frequency of these "Blan-
chisseries" is suggestive of a very cleanly set of
people. Wliat struck me as singular was that

ISS

THE GARDEAEK'S MONTHLY

[June,

what I took to be the " wiiHlicr-woinjur' wiv* j
always a hiLr.lnirly man, wlio st'cmcd to \w
lazily siltiii;^' in tin* strrct door, whili- a do/rn or
so of di'licatf j^irls |)lu'(l the imiileinents of
tlirir trade within. It did not look rii;ht to see
the * washi-r-svonian" havini; so ea-ny a life; but
\s Inn I k;i\v him arranj^ini: a little hou(|UCt, and
placiiii; .some pretty Hower pots in one of the
window.s, I felt sure there must he some ijood in
his heart, and I tinally fonnd that he was not
the '* woman,'- but the (Mie who took the heavy
goods home, and did other unwieldly work. It
\va.<« a Wesson how esvsily one who goes hurriedly
through a strange land, may be mistaken in his
impr(;ssif)ns. and 51 makes me very eareful how
I put down my experiences. Hut I think there
i-an be no mistaking that the lf)ve of the French
people — Parisians at least, for flowers is a very
univei*sal one, pervading all cla-sses, from the
highest to the lowest alike. The roofs, the win-
dows, the backyards — wherever it is possible to
«tow away a flower, a flower is found. I was inter-
iisted in a small shoe-mending sh<tp. It was so
small thej:e seemed scarcely room to '"turn
round." A narrow coi bed at the end, indicated
that the shop was his " castle" as well. He was
sitting on its edge drinking cofTee with a crust — the
bread, by the way, being all crust in Paris. It
was evident that all the room possible was
needed in his little business, but he spared of
this treasure for his flowers. He was willing to
spend even his alabaster box of ointment on
that which he loved, and thus his little window
and shelves were full of floral beauty. Of course
we can see instances of this i)ure devotion in other
lands, oiKX^ in a'while, but I give; it here because
it is not exceplional. It is rather the rule in
Paris.

It is on ax^count of this universal love for flowers
that the flower maikets are so great a success ;
and those who go to Paris without seeing the
flower markets lose a great treat. There are a
large number of them in dilferent parts of the
city. They are given up wholly to flowers.
The one I have just now in \\\y mind is in the
*• Place Madeleine." The broad square is paved
with artificial stone, and very neat iron pillars
support a.s neat slate roofs, so as to make shelter
from sun and protection from rain, but open on
every sidt!. Familiarnamesshowed that thestands
were occupied l)y the best classes of French (lor-
ists,but the rare and choice plants themselves told
an intelligent story, endorsed, as we might say,
by the attendants, whom I found to have a

much mote correct knowledge of the plants they
were handling than is usual among the sellers
of plants on the street corners, or ordinary
markets of other lands. The classes of buyers,
too, were evidently hi:,'h. Ladies, elegantly
attired, and attended by their servants, were
making purcliases as freely as those of more
limited means, whose sou wa,s jus much to them
as the Napoleon to their neighbors. And it
seemed to me that goorl and choice flowers
brought higher prices than such do in our coun-
try. Of course the poorer class of articles are
cheap — very cheap. A bouquet, tolerably well
made up of ordinary flowers, I was asked 35
centimes for; and as I walked away the sales-
woman called after me, " then what will you
give me for it?" as if I had liiought the eight
or nine cents of our money too much, lint then
there were plenty of bouquets that would have
taken a dollar and a half or two dollars of our
money to buy. Five francs, or a dollar, buy
very fair bouquets of half-blown roses. Palms
and rare ferns were very common among the
higher priced plants, and were found, I was told,
to do much better as room-i)lants than the ordi-
nar}' flowering things. The most common
articles were (it was July) small India rubber
plants, Aralia papyrifera. Forget-me-not, Car-
nations, Fuchsias, Camellias, Marigolds, CJer-
aniums, Jasmines, and among ))retty things in
great abundance not so often seen with us, the
Eucharidium,aClarkia-like plant; Convolvulus
minor, grafted Mesembryanthemums, Veron-
icas, Viscaria oculata, and the true double white
Oleander. In many cases the growth of the
plants would do no discredit to some of our
horticultural exhibitions. On one pot of scarlet
Verbena 1 noticed twenty heads of flowers, all in
beautiful bloom. Candytufts and Venus' Look-
ing-Glass, and a hosts of common plants, made
up the general view. Cactuses and succulents
generally seemed very popular ; our old friend,
Rochea falcata, with its beautiful crimson
flowers, was quite common, and the Crassula
coccinea was a very common plant indeed. The
pretty way in which the plants are offered, sets
the market off. Many of the pots are washed
clean, and enveloped in pure white paper, the
leaves and flowers peeping out of the top like
(he fabled fruits from the mouth of the cornu-
copia, gilding even the Lily, and adding fresh
beauty to the handsomest flowers. The market
is thickly planted with the Pawlownia, our JJlue
Trumpet tree, and is an agreeable change from

1878.]

AND HOR TICUL TURJS1\

189

the everlasting Sycamore and Plane, beau-
tiful as in themselves they are.

In another part of the city, up by the Bois de
Boulogne, are the gardens of the Acclimatisation
Society, which are well worth seeing, as it is
thought to be a model by many for imitation
here. It is a sort of stock affair; but is nearly
or quite self-sustaining by low admission fees,
50 centimes. It is really iiot much more than a
zoological garden. The '' Acclimations" we
fancy, do not go for nuich. \w .some particular
departments, the collections art- tolerably full.
Imagine a vineyard for " testing'' varieties, in
which were growing tifteen hundred and eighty-
four kinds of grapes I The large glass house
was prettily laid out with winding walks, rock-
eries, ferneries, and with most of the plants, such
as Camellias, Araucarias, Acacias, planted in the
open ground. It would no doubt be a charming
Winter garden ; but imagine a climate where a
large house like this needs no heating apparatus
and then do not wonder why we " do not see
such things so often in America ;" so with
the flower markets. People who go to Paris,
come back surprised at the lukevvarmness of the
American people, and large " flower markets as
in Paris," in all our large cilies are being con-
tinually urged. But it is not that Americans
are not as fond of flowers as the French, but
with our houses closed from the frost in AVinter,
and the sun in Summer, window and house
gardens, as we see in Paris, is impossible.

I must, however, leave all the nice gardens and
parks, public and private, to take the readers to the
Jardiii desPlantes, before we say good-bye to this
fairyland. After a grasp of the hand of good old
Mons. Houllet, whose name in connection with
many new plants, the cultivator so well knows, I
was fortunate in finding in Mons. Neumann, assist-
ant Director, one of my early companions, who,
not like so many of whom I inquired in my
travels, had not yet gone to" theSpiritland." It
was a treat to him to have to scour up his ru-;ty
English, and me once more to hear my mother
tongue. The gardens are full of celebrated trees
— historical in tlieir botanical relations, accounts
of which are neatly painted and attached to
them. Here is a "Judas tree," 7 feet round, which
(he plate tells us was planted by Buftbn in 1775.
There is the flrst llobinia — our Yellow Locust —
nine feet two inches, round, " planted by .lean
Robin, in ICOl." Connected with the gardens
are museums of science, and in them rare horti-
cultural remains find a place. Here th"re is

preserved a piece of the celebrated Beech tree
which lived six years after being completely gir-
dled, to the dismay of vegetable Physiologists,
who were sure it ought to have died within
twelve months after ; and then there is the trunk
of a Date Palm, sown in 1810, and died in 1872,
having in that time made a stem of nine feet
high. Many things, alas! died in 1872, for the
Siege of Paris was hard on the gardens. The
shells of the Germans had no respect for glass,and
the tenderest plant fell into the arms of the frost
king, as the whole city did into the arms of the
German emperor. Of course, the gardens,,
grounds, and museum buildings are not what,
they have been. Military troubles can do in a
day what it takes weeks to restore, but the
French government is doing a great deal to re-
vive the ancient glory of the gardens, and large
numbers of workmen were digging foundations
for new buildings and repairing the old ones. In
the Botanical department, large letters told
of the "llerbier Durand," the gift of the former
Philadelphia Botanist as a sign of his patriot t3
love for the land of his birth. Here Cflicased was
the chief work of a lifetime. I may be wrong, but I
have an impress-ion that it has been but little
used, and it led me to think whether it would
n t often be better to donate these scientific re-
mains to active workers, but whose means may
be limited, than to load down public institutions
which perhaps regard it as a favor to you to receive
them. I know of a Philadelphian who took this
view. lie wished before his death to ari'ange his
effects. IJis scientific material did go to a public
institution, but the books went to a worker.
There will_be little future "renown" perhaps, in
this ca.se to the benevolent Quaker who took
this course; but he has the satisfaction of know-
ing that his act is being made such use of now,
that thousands are being benefited by his good
deeds, when not a score perhaps would, had
his books been buried under the dust of some
public library. shelves. The arrangement of the
grounds is much more in view of Botanical sci-
ence than are those of many similar establish-
ments in England ; yet the many beautiful spec-
imens in the plant houses, the shaded avenues
o" Linden and other trees, the nicely ornamented
grounds in connection with the zoological de-
partment, make the gardens a very popular
place of resort. At the lime of mj' visit, the
houses were gay witii orchidese, and the aqua-
rium drew large numbers of visitoi-s by reason of
the blooming of a beautiful i-osc-color variety of

103

THE GARDENER'S MONTH L Y

{J»»c,

tho sweet water Lily. It wjis mjirked Xym-
phnea djiitata. The l)otanic rjanlcii i)rf)per is di-
vided into sections for the testiiiu of various
thinsis. There is a vegetable testiiifj ground.
Lettuce, cal)bacre9 and such tliinjis, were
growins; toj^ethcr in preat variety, all neatly la-
belled for the instruction of whomsoever niifjlit '
look on. Then there were all sorts of plants '
used in the art.s, in commerce, in medicine, and |
in the various j)ursuits of man, all neatly labelled.
These labels are of ditl'crent colors so as to
indicate the different uses of the plant. A green I
color may indicate a poisonous plant, a yellow '
an edible one, and so forth ; and charts explain- j
inc the color are freely placed alunit the grounds. '\

It was )>leasant to notice in Paris how her
horticulturist-s and agriculturists and her men of
science generally, are honored. [Streets, squares,
public buildings are named for them ; and thus,
while you may be drinking from the Fountain
Cuvier, you are reminded of how great were the
benefits which the. science of these great men
conferred on the people at large.

1 have no disposition to underrate America.
Indeed, after careful comparison of all sorts of
things, I feel that in very many things we are
far superior to Europe, and in many things, too,
in wl ich we are very apt to underrate ourselves;
but in this matter of honoring science and the
useful arts by public respect to its professors, I
must say we are a very long way behind the
French people.

A Small Fraud. — " For ten cents or three
for a quarter," the brokers and bankers of Phila-
delphia, near the •' Exchange," were purchasing
sticks of the common Sweet Gum, one day last
April, on the assurance of the street vender that
it " bore a large blue flower, so deliciously
scented, which would burst into beauty in one
week after the stick was planted, and scent the
whole house from cellar to carrot with a deli-
cious perfuuie, and which the buyer would'not
be without for SlOO."

The writer of this being invited to " invest,"
spoiled the fun by incaulicnisly observing : " 1
will give you one minute by the watch to leave,
or you shall be arrested for swindling these peo-
ple." "Without a word, the vender gathered his
bundle of sticks and departed, to the astonishment
of the crowd, who, with the purchased treasm-es
in their hand, looked on in wonder, and some in-
quired what it meant, and whether their " choice
allitrator plants" were not what they ought to be?
Menliouing the matter to his Honor, Mayor

Stokle}', he said if the writer of this would prose-
cute he would send a detective to buy a branch,
for he did not want comi>laints so nuirh as
evidence of guilt. This struck us as very reason-
able, and a detective went along till we found
the lively young man sitting d(twn on a corner
attempting no business, but merel}' answi ring
questions put to him. Of course we stood back
while the detective went to work, but in spite of
all encouragement the flowers would not be
''blue" nor would they be "scented." The per-
fume of the business had vanished, and then,
as the detective reported, tliat "Sam Msuliera
spoiled the business, for when he asked the name
of the plant and the vender said it wa-s the
Florida Alligator jilant," Sam, who seems to
have smelled the alligator in that wood pile,
" wanted to know what was its name in New
Jersey?" So we walked away without our
man.

On our way to the Mayor's otlice we passed a
hardware store wherein one of our little folks had
exchanged a quarter dollar for a pocket knife
" warranted pure steel," the blade of which bent
like a piece of pewter ; further on was a store in
which beautiful fabrics were displayed and " only
50 cents a yard" noted thereon, and which our
l)etter half thought she bought, only it was not
from that piece, "but just the same," as the polite
attendant assured hep, — but which proved in the
end to be a much more worthless article ; again we
came to the otlice of a periodical especially " down
on humbugs," which advertises that it has "a
circulation of twenty thousand copies," when it
is well known to those in the secret it has not
five thousand ; and finally as we were musing on
these things, during our street walk, we came on
the poster of the great showman, and from the
pictured lips we heard the voice "if you give 25
cents worth for 25 cents, it is honest. If people
are fools enough to believe they are to get a dol-
lar's worth for a quarter, it is no business of
yours!" AVe did not stop to decide this very
queslionable bit of morality; but it was clear
that if this street man gave " a slick worth ten
cents, for ten cents, and his buyers were fools
enough to believe it was worth SlUO," there was
no (litrerence that we could see between him,
Banunn, newsjiapers, and tradespeoj>le gen-
erally; and we were i-ather gbid than otherwise,
that the ten cent swindle got ofi"on that occasion,
while so many dollar ones Houiished everywhere
around, and were held to be quite respectable be-
sides. The curiously corked bark of the branches

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

191

of the gum made it well worth ten cents to the
citizen who had never seen it.

Stealing Snowdrops. — Two men convicted
at Maidstone, in England, recently, of dig-
ging up Snowdrop roots in a private garden, were
recently sentenced by an English Judge to seven
year.s- penal servitude. This is in striking con-
trast with the law of a Philadelphia court,
where a systematic swindler, of several j'cars'
duration, was given a comfortable rest for sixty
days, instead of servitude or hard labor; and
with another case, where the same Judge Thayer
actually discharged a prisoner who had stolen
pear trees from a nurseryman, on the ground
that Pear trees were real estate, which a man
^'could not steal." When the Snowdrop thieves
get out they will probably emigrate to Phila-
vlelphia.

Gardeners and Farmers.— Mr. Peter Hen-
derson made an admirable address before the
American Institute Farmers' Club, on the
29th of April. Besides the excellent practical
hints as to the formation and management of
farm-gardens, he made a strong point on the fact
that many of the lest men in the garden busi-
ness were originally farmers, and even from
other ranks have some of the best recruiis been
drawn. Of an old New York firm he says:

" This 1 know to be the fact, in scores of in.
stances where the business of nurseryman, market
gardeners or tlorisLs was, as it were, just forced
upon the farmer by his \ illage neighbors desiring
to buy the products of his garden.

The original proprietoi* of one of the largest
seed-houses in the city of New York emigrated
from Scotland some time about the beginning of
the present centmy. He was a nailer by trade,
and was entirely ignorant ot anything pertaining
to seeds or gardei;ing; but one day, coming
through the Bowery, then half farm, half cil}'^
he saw a Rosebush in a cottage window. It was
a Rose in the wilderness, for probably there were
not a score more in the city of New York. He
went in and bought it for 50 cents, took it home,
painted the pot-green, and placing it in the
window of his nailshop, quickly sold it for a
dollar. This was eivsier work and better pay
than nail-making. He started out daily, buying
plants of all kinds, always painting the pots
green (a practice that modern science would
frown at), and doubling his money rnpidly.

From plants, the transition to dealing in seeds
was natural au'i easy, so that in less than twenty
years from the time this humble Scotch nail-

maker had purchased his Rosebush in the
Bowery, his seed-house had become the largest
on this continent.

An I:xceptionai.ly Honest Man. — A Mr.
W. V. Andrews, who signs himself "Cor. Secre-
tary of the Long Island Entomologist's Society,
U. S. A.," sends a communication to Hardwick's
Science Gossip, advising the Engli.-h people not
to use Paris green in case the potato beetle
appears there, as "its use is entirely unnecessary.
For small plots of land, hand-picking by boys
and girls is efficacious, and without danger, for I
do hope that your readers are not believei-s in
the foolish stories told of the beetle being poison-
ous. For larger lots, an ordinary butterHy
bag-net, swept gently along the potato-tops, will
capture more beetles in an hour than Paris green
will kill in a week." He then goes on to tell
how Paris green came to be used in this country,
in these words :

"Mr. Rye tells you that Paris green is a
favorite remedy here, but he does not understand
the American mode of doing things. Some
State entomologist or other probably had a friend
in the oil and color business, and gave a friendly
puff to Paris green. Then the oil and color man
advertises in some agricultural paper's that he
has the 'never-failing exterminator' of potato
bugs— Paris green, and the editor of tliat journal
at once strongly recommends it. You do not do
things in that way in* honest old England, but
we do here."

Paris green was first recommended in the
Gardener's Monthly. We doubt whether
any advertisement, not merel}' of Paris green,
but of .any "oil or color man," ever appeared in
its pages. We have been a pi-etfy close reader
of the leading agricultural papers of our country
for years, advertisements and all, and we have
rarely seen an acveriisement of Paris green. At
any rate, we are quite sure there was at no time
any necessity for "editorial notices" to make it
go. If they have any room for another honest
man in honest old England, Ameiica can verj'-
well spare this Mr. Andrews.

Science in the Department of Agri-
culture.— We note with great pU'asure that
general Ee Due has appointed Prof. Riley as
Entomolo<>ist to the Department. With such
men as Riley, Dr. Vasey in the Botanical, and
Mr. Saunders i:i the Horticultural, the most
enthusiastic " why don't you do it?" can ask
no more.

H»:

Tin CARnh.M'.R S .\IO.\ llll \

\ Jn'if,

\( A'. //:s .i\p (>(/■:/</ /:S.

Tmk Ciiuistmas Kosfc— " Suh" says: If
" R»':u1it" will look in '* Brei-k's Hook of Flow-
ers,'' or Mrs. Loudon's "'Companion to the
Flower GanliMi," In- will fnul the '" Ilellcborus
ni'^t'r'' or *' Clu-istni:u'< Itosc" spoken of. This
is j)robal)ly the llower lie has seen mentioned in
<lill'ereiil papers. This plant is eultivatefl in
some parts of New I^njjland with snecess.
Chambens' Cyclopedia has an illwsfratif)n of it
under the article •' Hellebore."

Fkencii Xotks. — A correspondent kindly
says : — '* Knowinj; the desire of the editor that
the (JAiti)ENEu's Monthly should be strictly
accurate, even to the 'dotting of an i, and the
crossinir of a t,' I make no apology for oHering

the following corrections: "IMx' prop<'r ortho-
graphy ttf some of the phut-s meiUioiied in the
French notes is Chanips-Klysees, Hois de IJftu-
logne, I'arc <le Monseaiix. And allow mo to
say that I^ouis XVI and Marie Antoinette, were
beheaded in the "Phvce de la Concorde," and
not on the spot of the '* Chapelle Expiatone.'*^
The latter is the spot where they wt^re buried,
and where tiieir bodies laid for twtn(y-one
years, until removed by Louis XV I II. in iKlf),
to the royal vault of St. Denis."

TiiK First IIoutichltuh ai- .M a(;a/,ink.—
We have never seen a copy of the Magazine,
referred to by a correspondent in the following
note : "Have you heard of the first Horticultural
Magazine published in this county about l.S:U,
by Mr. Dickshut, of Haltiniore?"

Horticultural Societies.

EDITORIAL NOTES.

PllOCEElJiXG.s OF THE AMERICAN POMOLO-

uiCAL Society. — We received the volume for
1877 just as we were going to press last month,
and had room for only a brief note of Mr. Flagg,
the late Secretary of the Society. On lookinir
through it carefully, we are more than ever sur-
prised at its value. Most of the material in this
numb.ir is fresh, it not having been made up of
matter that has previously been published in
most p9.pers, as has been the case in some of the
former issues. Through Mr. Flagg's sickness,
most of the labor of preparing this unusually fine
volume has fallen on the volunteer shoulders of
Mr. P. Barry, to whom so much of the good
work has previously fallen, and Mr. K. Manning
and President Wilder have had the revision of
the proof sheets. They may all be well proud of
their work, and the public at large owes them a
debt of gratitude for tlieir labor.

GeRMANTOWN IIORTICULTUIIAL SOCIETY. —

J. Jay Smith.— Philadelpbians and (heir papers
fometimes verify the adage that prophets are
not without honor save in their own country, and
it is to contradict this adage that notice is here
taken of t'.ie action of the(iermantown Horticul-
tural Sccii f y, at the April meeliiig. Mr. Charles
Miller, in ottering a resolution, said : "We have a
gentleman connected with this Society who will
feel honored by our ajipreciatiou of him, not

only as our first President and our earnest co-
worker, but also as a widely and well-known
Horticulturist and Patron of (hardening. But as
he requires no eulogy from me, 1 offer the fol-
lowing: Resolved, That Mr. Jno. Jay Smith
l)e hereby elected an Honorary Alember of the
Germantown Horticultural Society." The reso-
lution, being seconded by Mr. Alexander Xew-
ett and others, was unanimously adoptp<l.

Fiftieth Anniversary of the Pennsal-

YANIA HOTITICULTUKAL SOCIETA'.— On the 21 St

of Dec, 1877, this Society celebrated its 50th birth-
day ,as already stated in our columns. This is the
report of the proceedings on the occasion, and
contains in full the address of Mr. J. E. Mitch-
ell, giving a history of the work of he Society
duiiug that time.

New Yokk Houricn/rnjAT. Society. — W.
J. Davidson, Recording Secretary. The Spiing
exhibit is June 19, 20, 2lst. The Fall, Sept. 25,
2(), 27th. The premiums are very liber-al, the
list varied, and competition free to all. The
regular meeting, the first Tuesday in the month,
are at the Society's rooms, 55 west 33rd Street,
X'ew York.

In oflering its monthly Premiums, it makes them
in duplicate. Nurserymen and Florists are not
allowed to compete with ''amateurs," by which
we understand those who keep gardeners, as well
as those who do their own gardening, to which
last the term is generally restricted in Europe.

THE

GARDENER'S MONTHLY

■AND

HORTICULTURIST.

DEVOTED TO HORTICULTURE. ARBORICULTURE AND RURAL AFFAIRS.

Edited by THOMAS MEEHAN.

Vol. XX.

JULY, 1878.

Number 235.

Flower Garden and Pleasure Ground.

COMMUNICA TIONS.

A LADY'S WHEELBARROW.

BY MKS. L.

I am anxious to bring to your attention a new,
light wheelbarrow, patented by a meclianic of
this place. He makes a small size for ladies'
gardening, which as a great treasure. I have
one which I use constantly, being my own gar-
•dener, and think other ladies may be glad to
have the same. It is not a toy, but strong and
also very light, and some are very prettily
painted. Mine is simply the natural wood, oiled
and varnished. I send the address where they
■are sold in Kew York, and feel sure if j^ou see
them, you will be glad to recommend them to
jour readers.

I desire to add my protest to that of many
-others against the sending of plants from insect-
infested green-houses. It is too bad to have
scale and mealy bug brought into one's collection
of choice, clean plants.

[We know our correspondent very well, and
respect her delicacy in not putting in the name
of the party making the light wheelbarrow ; for
it is too common for \fi-iters, under the guise of
" information," to smuggle in an advertisement,
thereby doing an injustice to those advertisers
who honestly and squarely pay for them in their
proper columns. For that reason — and not
from mere financial Teasons — we never allow
such smuggled goods to pass, when they happen
to be of the same class as other people pay for.
In the case of an entirel}' new and valuable

plant, fruit, invention or idea, distinct from all
others already in the trade, and which we feel is
of benefit to the public, we never ask editorially
whether the parties in interest have " been to
the counting-room," but give the discoverers all
the benefit from their discoveries, and they can
afterwards advertise their wares and prices or
not, as they choose. So, in this instance, we
have no hesitation in saying that the name the
lad}^ sends, is Tugsle}" & Chapman, Xew York
city. The fact that so good a gardener as we
know this lady to be, should recommend this
barrow, is in some respects better than looking
at it with our large editorial eyes. — Ed. G. M.]

HOW BEDDING PLANTS MAY BE
ARRANGED.

BY C. G. BJORKLUND, NATIOKAL SOLDIERS'
HOME, HAMPTON, YA.

Regular Foliage Beds should properly be some
distance from the walks, say 40 to 60 feet, and
where convenient, be placed behind the carpet-
beds for which they may serve as backgrounds,
while. the}^ lose nothing in appearance thereby.
The shape of these beds is not subject to much
restriction, 'though circles, ovals or parallelo-
grams are preferable.

Only one variety of foliage plant should l)e put
in each bed as chief plant, and these two or three
feet apart, with Petunias, Yerbenas, Alyssum or
such like plants between them as undergrowth,
bordered by one or two ribbons. The following
plants may be used for this purpose :

Aralia papyrifera, Caladium esculentum,
Polymnia grandis, Wigandia caracassana, Canna

194

THE GARDENER'S MONTHLY

U'^iy,

discolor, (". Zi'briiui, C. nuisjefoliii, C. Murochul
Vaillaiit, Soliiiuiin robustum, S. Warsewiczii, IS.
purpurea; another variety, S. salicifolius, I
have often found attacked at the roots by
grubs,

S7ib-tropi(nl Beds. — On the same principles,
with such plants a.s (irevillea roi)usta, Ficus
elastiea. Aralia Sieholdi, Rhus jjlabra laciniata,
Acacia lophanta and others. As the surface of
these beds will be in view the whole season, we
miiiht use a more ornamental arranrrenient for
undergrowth. The surface should be flat, by
which it will appear as if the standards were
planted on carpet beds, if we plant small circles I
of Pyrethrum parthenifolium aureum around the
stems, and till the rest of the spjice with Alternan- 1
thera. The circles of Cerastium elegantissima,
and the spaces, Tradescantia zebrina; or, circles
of Alternanthera, and the rest of the space to be
filled with Stellariagramineaaurea. This remark-
able species of chickweed, as well as a few other
plants, I have not yet tried in this country, and
have, indeed, not even seen it in any American
catalogue. I have noted it down, supposing that
such useful plants, not yet in our collection, will
soon be brought thither by our active nursery-
men and florists. Said plant may be inferior to j
Pyrethrum (of the same color) in ribbon borders, ',
but superior in massing, especially if a shaded |
place can be procured. i

Sub-fropical Plants Promiscuously. — Of beds of j
any size and shape, where may be used Datura \
Knightii, Cycas revoluta, Dimorphanthus j
manschuricus. Eucalyptus globulus, and E. mar- i
ginatus, Phormium tenax, and P. t. fol. var. : j
Dracaenas, Yucca aloifoliavariegata,Y. gloriosa, i
Cordyline Rhumphii, Chaniierops humilis,Phoe- 1
nix dactylifera, Coryphe australis, Ferdinanda j
eminens,Zea Japonicafol. var., Erythrina crista 1
galli, Araucarias, Abutilons, and Acer Japonica !
in varieties. |

SpecimeTis— Tree Ferns, Palms, etc., make |
an excellent impression when planted (plunged j
in the ground) as specimens or groves, or they '.
may be made to represent undergrowth to large ,
trees, where especially the ferns delight in the
shade. The size and character of the plants on
hand may somewhat rule the manner in which |
to place them. So, for instance, will a Panda-
nus, Latania, Seaforthia, or Ph(jenix, if four or
five feet high, appear well as single specimens
on the lawn at a bending and ten feet from the
walk •, while if seven or eight feet they are strik-
ing objects on some distance behind the flower-

beds •, such as Dicksonias, Loinarias, and other
fi'rns, by the edge of a brcxtk. Yuccas and Aga-
ves are in place at the foot of rocks ; and ferns
might be planted in natural or artilicial tree-
stumps with Lysimachia numularia or such like
to droop down around the sides.

Arrangement of specimens, as well as almost
every other variation, has been for some years
much admired in the public parks of London,
especially Battersea, Victoria and Ilyde Park,
where some of the carpet-bed designs originated.
These parks are acknowledged by most travelers
as taking the lead in Europe ; but as we know
everything there is not adaptable here ; and to
describe an arrangement of plants to prove
equally successful all over this extensive country
would be impossible.

It will be seen and understood that it has not
been my object to go through the whole list of
bedding plants considered good, but merely to
show how those mentioned may be combined
and arranged.

WHAT IS A GARDEN?

BY RUS IN IJIIBE.

We go up a high mountain, and here the grand
view bursts upon us, storming the gates of our
soul and letting the vast sight flood into it and
saturate it. Now that we have quaff'ed the drink,
we turn to such details as strike us most, and try
to make them out fully ; or we follow the course
of a chain of hills, or of a river, or of the roads,
letting our eyes walk along these threads as
though with spider's feet. That is to say, from
a moment of sublime feeling we have quickly
turned into our natural channel of part curiosity
and part the desire for smaller objects more di-
gestible to our nature. The panorama has first
elevated us a very brief while, then interested
us a longer while, and now weary of the vast-
ness, we turn and descend the mountain. By-
and-by the foreground, which got lost more and
more as we went up, comes to meet us. There,
at the bend of the road, where it emerges from
between the woods, we see, like unto a picture
in aframe,the village th»t we are bound for; there
is the church and the steeple, a load of hay
going into a barn, ducks — yes, we can actually
discern ducks on the village pond — boys and girls
coming home from school — oh, how pleased we
are! Once more we feel comfortable, enjoying
the small measure of our human capacities ;
once more our human soul is played upon by
human sights. The vast panoramic view of our

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

196

globe on the mountain top, how small a place
has it taken up on our inner shelves I But this
narrow picture and the likes of it, how they fill
and how they feed our eyes and our mind !

So we may conclude that grandeur and sub-
limity on this, our parent planet, can be but
rare moments, and that the true nourishment of
our soul admits only objects of comparatively
small dimensions, such as will develop feelings
of goodness, of taste, of pleasure, of enjoyment,
of comfort, running down the scale of our harp
from the divine to the human.

Happy the man whose lot is cast in a spot with
a pretty view, no larger than his eyes can digest —
not so small as to dwarf the capacity of his eyes.
His craving for the beautiful will be daily satis-
fied; the pitch of his soul will be strengthened
and maintained, and the demon of meanness is
less likely to find a hold on him there.

Unfortunately, the spots with pretty views are
comparatively rare. We cannot, all of us, live
in a rolling, undulating country, drained by
numerous streams and brooks,pleasantly wooded.
On the contrary we, most of us, live on spots,
stale and flat, but profitable. Not to satisfy the
angel in us do Ave settle on the interminable
prairie, but to satisfy the inner and the outer
animal ; to make a living ; to earn plenty of
food and of warm clothing for self and family;
and, these obtained, to get for self and family as
much of mental food as circumstances will per-
mit— and sometimes there is but scant measure of
that article. In proportion, however, that the
animal gets appeased, the angel — heaven be
thanked — will strive to get the upper hand. And
so the well-to-do man will try to ^improve the
looks of his fruitful, but otherwise uninteresting
home. He will seize on whatever little aid
nature will lend him ; he will plant trees on a
bare hillock ; will cut a vista through a cane-
brake ; clear symmetrically apiece in the woods,
teach a wayward spring to run its fantastic rip-
ple through his meadow ; or, if he does nothing
better, he will plant a living screen before his
manure-heap. His eyes, the windows of his soul,
demand it; to them he ministers. But what is
the unfortunate individual to do, who has of
God's own earth only as little as to "farm a pig"
or to "swing a cat" in ? or who is cramped up in
a city lot in the city ?

Nature will out. That unfortunate individual,
unable to reproduce on his ground even the
smallest features of nature, one fine Spring
morning, standing in the full light of the glorious

sun on his small and bare patch, was overheard
to say : "There is not the space for a landscape
here, nor the elements for it, sufficient for the
aesthetic wants of a field mouse. But there is
enough of it to have with me a good many of
the flowers of the moderate zone of this cr any
other country, with here and there a bush and
here and there an evergreen."

This, patient reader, I believe was the origin
of the garden, and this is the aim and end of a
garden. In default of living in a delightful spot,
where nature spreads her beauties, both in the
landscape and in the vegetation, we try to make
ourselves that landscape and that vegetation ; or
where landscape is impossible, at least to raise
that vegetation as far as it can be coaxed into — a
garden. How far man has succeeded may, per-
haps, form the subject of another and a later
paper.

THE CELASTRUS SCANDENS-BITTER
SWEET A STAFF TREE.

BY GEN. W. H. NOBLE, BRIDGEPORT, MASS.

The name of Bitter-sweet of right belongs, sole-
ly, to the Solanum dulcamara. Some likeness of
its red fruitage, to the fiery crop of the Celastrus,
doubtless made our climber its namesake. But
our Bitter-sweet will not now readily give up a
name so long and lovingly borne.

The Celastrus is sometimes also called the
Staff tree. This name comes from the fancy by
many, in a cane of that spiral twist by which the
Bitter-sweet lifts itself up any handy sapling.
But its wood is hardly staunch enough to help
much as a staff.

Our Bitter-sweet is one of the loveliest of
climbers. It is a blithesome plant, either in its
woodland home or beside the threshold. Its
summer color and shelter, and its blazing crown
of wintry garlands, should be made a feature in
all decorative planting ; yet, either to home or
grounds, it has won but a sparse and stingy wel-
come. Perhaps its lavish woodland fruitage,
within easy reach of so many, has much to do
with this neglect.

The trouble is, it is a native, and by nature
largely planted along the forest borders and the
hedge, and beside the rippling stream; it shares
lovingly with the grape, the lift of low down
trees. The children, coming home with the nuts
rattled down by the early frosts, joyfully round
their baskets with the Bitter-sweet's golden treas-
ure. So, like many other lovely plants to be had
for the digging, we too rarely welcome its cheer

19G

THE GARDENER'S MONTHLY

{July,

and sholU'i- to ourdoor-sicj) ^^\• our grounds. But
wore it just now found as with tinted wood and
fruit, heralded as from some far-off 11 owery land,
people would ji" \vild after it, as they often have
for thin<;s not half so lovely.

Nature has denied the IMtter-sweet the hloom
and fraj^ranee which are the rulinir charm of so
many of its fellow climbers. JJut she has made
it their ecjual a.s a decorative plant, by the rich,
green shelter of its leafy mantle and its sturdy
stretch of vine. With nauj;;ht else, it is fit to
deck and shield alike, the humblest and the most
ambitious home. Flowers and perfume are
tleeting ; but the rich foliitge of the Bitter-sweet
holds against the scorching sun a dense and
spreading growth of brightest green, outlasting
the breath and tinge of llowers.

]iut the signal glory of the plant, compassing
the year, is the clusters of its berries. From the
size and tinge of tiny grapes till the early frost
strips the wrap of white and gold from its coral
fruitage, the plant at every step puts on new and
changeful features ; each gain toward ripeness,
brings to deft woman a dainty store for tasteful
decoration.

First, following its modest bloom, come little
globes of lively green. These soon swell and
change their tint to a greenish-bronze. A little
further toward the chilly nights of early frosts,
slender gaps in those tawny globes reveal the
white wrap, hiding the flashing glint of its ripen-
ing seeds. Those opening slowly, widening more
and more, unmask the glorious store within, of a
fiery fruitage. By and by, as the early frost
thins and brightens its foliage to a tenderer tint,
the Bitter-sweet bears to Autumn a blazing
crown of clustering coral clasped in lips of gold.

This fruitage of our climber, plucked and
stored at each stage of this advance, yields a
wondrous harvest for adornment. For every
place and posture becoming winter bouquets
and unfading garlands, it furnishes unrivalled
aptness and grace ; and its little green clusters,
laid by to dry, while they still hide and tightly
clasp their treasure, or when first the fiery glint
of gold and scarlet flash from tiieir opening screen,
or garnered after the frosts from its still unfal-
len and tender tinted leaves, uncovers its blazing
store to the full sunlight, the Bitter-sweet, at
each' pha.se, offers no end of help to decorative
taste. No outcome of the seasons in fruit, leaf,
or blossom, so brightens the home, so helps out
the dearth of flowers or faces the wintry gloom,
with such blazing fireside tint and cheer.

Out doors, smiling above the threshold, it wel-
comes the lodgment of the driftin;; snow and peers
gaily out from its chilly mantle. Through the
ice storm's crystal sheath it slieds a hopeful
glow. Down over the porch, a window caj)
drooj)ing, it greets, with rival ray, the flash
from the blazing hearth. Sheltered only a little
from the thnish of the winter's wind, and its
coral fruitage clings, defiant of the frost, and
wears a joyousness all through its gloom and
storm. Thus endowed, the Bitter-sweet brings
to the home abright companionship, and bridges
with hope of coming Sj)ring and tlowers in the
stretch of its garlands, along the woodland spray.

Within doors, amid the festivities of Christ-
mas, the dawnuig year, in home or temple, or
in public hall, those stored-up pluckings from
along its way to ripeness, cheer all through the
winter's gloom. They bring to the matron apt
and blithesome succor in her graceful struggle
to brighten and fith' deck, when bereft of the
grace and perfume of summer flowers.

The Bitter-sweet, out of those stored-up cul -
lings from its growth and harvest, offers in itself
every form and tint for a rich winter bouquet.
But wreathed into evergreen festoons, tufted
amongst them and other bright seed pods and
berries, or with them and autumnal leaves, dried
ferns, grasses, and. ^the feathery seed whorls of
the wild white Clematis, fringing and crowning
the mirror, gaily bordering the paintings on the
wall or gi'ouped with them and living plants in
vase or hanging basket, the Bitter-sweet beyond
any bloom or growth of the year, helps in the
welcome of the holidays, and keeps up bright-
ness and cheer in the household, till the longed-
for coming of the flowers, whose loveliness its
])rilliant treasures measurably replace our
climber. So rounds the year with its cheery
presence, made brighter by the dainty placing
of deft woman ; that, if in the transmigration of
souls the human ever takes on the form and
essentials of the plant, I pray for mine — its lodg-
ment in a Bitter-sweet.

One of the loveliest lessons T have ever seen
in Nature's handling of color and tasteful plant-
ing, was our climber, belting the wealth of its
glowing harvest over a group of New England
cedars. On a bright, dewy morning of early
Autumn, beside a little rest in the climb of a
hilly country road, I came upon a group of some
half-dozen well-grown, thrifty, young cedars.
They stood in easy distinctness around one
of stouter form and taller spire. Every

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

197

wood earth with which tlie beds were liberally
dressed. A wash of lime and sulphur will
branch drooped with rich, full verdure, and
a store of berries for the winter tarrying
birds. Around this group thus arranged,
circling from one to another, and up the
central pinnacle, wound and festooned a vigor-
ous Bitter-sweet. Its tender, frost-tinged foli-
age, sparse in such untutored soil, and a girt
of blazing berries along every tendril, flashing
from out its fringe, hung out distinct against the
dark background of these cedars.

To emphasize this tasteful ari'ay of color,
the frost-tinged crimson drapery of a climbing
Sumach, threaded and girt a couple of the furth-
ermost Cedars, and stretched its gay streamers
up that central spire. So perfect was the grace
and coloring of this group that, to human eye, it
seemed rather the living mosaic of some master
taste than one of nature's careful rearing.

This woodland lesson tells to the heedful new
uses for the Bitter-sweet and its like. What
infinite variety might be tastefully wrought, out
of the kaleidoscope of bright colors or growing
things ? For example, imagine added to the
pencilling of this group, the golden foliage of the
Japanese Honeysuckle, delicately robing one of
these cedars, and threading its tendrils among
those crimson ribbons streaming up that central
spire. Again, how would look in this mosaic,
girt around the base of this cedar group, a fringe
of scarlet, say in company with the bright tints
on leaf or flower of other brilliant plants. These
are but hints. The chances for like effects are as
infinite as the varied tinge on leaf or flower, or
as their unlike growths.

EDITORIAL NOTES.

Rhododendrons. — Our magnificent Spring
weather has made gardening more than usually
enjoyable, and there has been little openly
expressed hankering after the Horticultural
advantages of other lands. The writer of this
could not resist the temptation to take a run of
a few hours to look at his neighbor's little gardens
recently, and he was particularly struck by the
immense number of Rhododendrons every where
planted, and which seem to be thriving so well,
since their simple culture is so well undei'stood,
and which is simply deep, cool soil, the surface
sufficiently elevated above the surrounding soil

to keep the little han--like roots from ever being
water-logged. The older planted Rhododen-
dron beds are particularly charming. In
the case of Mr. John Haines, the branch
bent down with the weight of bloom, and
actually had to be shored up in some instances
as in an overloaded fruit tree. Mrs. Harry
IngersoU's are simpl}' magnificent, some being
nearly twenty feet high, and of an immense
variety of color. The best clump of these were
admirably assisted in the general effect by a
very large and well-proportioned purple leaved
Beech tree. Miss Fox, a neighbor of Mrs.
Ingersoll, has some beds of charming varieties,
but are only about twelve years set out. They
are now about five to eight feet high, and form
one broad sheet of bloom.

On our trip we learned that there may, in the
future, be some little troubles, which it will be
well for Rhododendron growers to look after,
and guard against. In one, the trouble was
from a very lively aphis, which keeps to the
under sides of the leaves and gives the foliage a
musty look on the under siu-face. It makes the
plants unsightly, and is an injury, though not to
a very serious extent.

A worse trouble comes from a borer,a species of
Buprestis, which hollows the stems in the cen-
ter. It does not enter at the ground, as does the
Quince or Peach borer, but on the branches. It
is more after the fashion of the common Cur-
rant borer in the kind of work it does. The Bel-
gian Azaleas near were also attacked with it,
but it may be a foreign insect introduced here,
and may not spread to any great extent.

Another veiy serious trouble was found in a
very interesting collection about twelve years
old. The leaves had a withery look, and some,
attacked last year, were quite dead. Examining
the stems just beneath the ground, we found the
coarse, wooly threads of a fungus, eating its
course around, in many cases completely gird-
ling them. It is a very common fungus in
woods, and many persons may have seen it on a
piece of board on which a flower pot has stood.
It is no new thing that this coarse, thready fungus,
so generally on dead wood, will leave it and
attack living stems. Mr. William Saunders
called the writer's attention, some thirty years
ago. to a case in a cold grapery, where it had
left an old board and eaten a way for itself
around the stem of a huge Grape vine. But it
[ is not often it does this. In this Rhododendron
i case, it evidently came from the lialf-decayed

198

THE GARnh.Xl-.R'S MOX'rHl.Y

[July.

probably Ju^lp llioso th;it arr not heyond I'o mon- troul)!.' in ^Towin- KlxxlndeiidionK horc
recovciv. ' ^'''^" cahl.a-cs.

On thV wholo. wo fool that ovontVoni our small Wahi^knukkoia TiT»KKOs.\.-Wahlonhcrjria
Gerniantown point wo may con-ratulato tho is a <,'onus boin- closoly alliod to (Campanula,
friends of llhododondron culture on thoir sreat aiid alfords us many vory boautiful har.ly herbiv-
succ.oss. It lia-s boon a reproach that wo havo to jjo \ ccous plants. W . <,'randillora is particularly well

WALHENUERGIA TUI5EUOSA.

to Enc^land to see American plants. We thought known in American gardens by its very large
it was a hard task to raise them; but since wo tlowers and parsnip-like roots. A7hile at the
find that all we need is a cool, airy soil, carefully : nurseries of Messrs. J. Veitch& Sons, of Chelsea,
avoidino- wet soil, or even heavy soil, there is : England, last year, the waiter was particularly

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

19»

interested in one with singular potato-like knobs
on the surface of the ground, as well as a
profusion of beautiful flowers. It is one of the
loveliest things of its class that could possibly
te. The following is a representation of it as
growing at Messrs. Veitch, with a description
taken from Sir Joseph D. Hooker's magazine for
1875:

" In the whole genus, which is a tolerably uni-
form one in habit, I know of no feature so re-
markable as the tuberous root stock of this, which
resembles a cluster of potatoes placed on the
top of the pot ; the contrast of these grotesque
objects with the exquisitely graceful thread-like
stems and profusion of pearl-white rose-streaked
blossoms is exceedingly striking, and recommends
the plant as a desirable one for greenhouse, and
probably for out-of-door culture. Care must be
taken not to overwater the plant when not in
flower, or the tubers will soon rot."

All About Roses. — Under the name of
Journal des Roses, a magazine exclusively devoted
to the Queen of Flowers, has been started in
France. We note that the editor agrees with
us, and against the authority of the "'books," that
the true Eglantine is the Dog Rose, and not the
Sweet Briar.

SCRAPS AND QUERIES.

Lawn Grass.— W. B. LeV., Philadelphia,
Tvrites : " The enclosed sample of grass was
.grown from seed sold me for " Kentucky Blue
•Grass," and as it makes a beautiful lawn and dis-
places the " Fall Grass," I am anxious to have its
proper name. Will you oblige me by giving me
the same V Being in want of more seed this
•Spring, I called at several seed establishments,
but they did not seem to know what it was. On
consulting The Gardener's Monthly, I found
in March, 1876, an article on " Rhode Island Bent
Grass." I then called on the seed stores again,
■but they discouraged me from buying the latter
as it would not suit our climate, and that it would
not make a good lawn. One firm said it was
nothing but commaon Herd grass. I found none
in this market ; so I sent to W. E. Barret «& Co.,
Providence, R. I.; and the result is at present
writing, my lawn looks if it will exceed any in
W. P. With thanks for your article on R. I.
Bent."

[The Little piece seat appears to l)e Poa trtvialis,

and not either Blue Grass or Rhode Island Bent
Grass and which we have seen occasionally, lately,
in lawns about Philadelphia, and promising very
well. But it is known that the Kentucky Blue
Grass makes an admirable lawn grass for Phila-
delphia and vicinity, and nothing better is to be
wished for ; it, as well as the Rhode Island
Bent, will crowd out every weedy thing in time.
Rhode Island Bent is Herd grass, or Red-top of
some stores; but by no means the " common"
Herd grass. Dr. Channing, in the article re-
ferred to by our correspondent, pointed out the
difference. A small patch of the plants from
seed sent by Dr. Channing, corroborates all Dr.
C. says of the value of the Rhode Island variety
as it may as well be called for a popular distinc-
tion sake. From the growth of this in our
flower border, we see no reason why it may
not make an excellent lawn grass here, as well
as in Rhode Island. The only remark we can
make on this matter seems to be that Poa cam-
pestris, the Kentucky Blue, or Pennsylvania
Green grass, seems quite good enough for all
our purposes. — Ed. G. M.]

Transplanting Hollies.— C. A. D., New-
York, says : " Can you tell me the reason why
the Ilex opaca is so difficult to transplant suc-
cessfully ? I have tried it repeatedly before,
but I thought that in a large one having been
repeatedly transplanted, there would be some
good chance of success. Yet one I tried the
past Spring, is either dead already or so near it
thac there is no hope of its resuscitation ; while
Another one much smaller, given me by a friend
and transplanted but a small distance compara-
tively, and had its roots exposed to the air
scarcely at all, died before the frequently trans,
planted one, and, in fact, never gave any sign
of intending to live. If you can give me light
on this question, I shall be very much obliged
to you."

[The Holly has very sluggish roots, while its
evaporating powers through its leaves are enor-
mous. To be successful with transplanting
Hollies, we have to regulate these extremes,
which we do by cutting off the leaves in cases of
doubtful success. We have never known a case
where the leaves and half-hardened wood were
cut away, that perfect success did not follow.
Many people hate to lose even for a short time
the beautiful leaves ; but it is only for a couple
of months; and it is better to lose this two
months of gratification than the whole tree.—
Ed. G. M.l

•200

THE GARDEN F.R'S MON'J'III.V

[>As

Green House and House Gardening..

L\ \MMl 'N I CATIONS.

AMONG THE ORCHID GROWERS.

m MK. \V. I AMONKK. ( AMlUillx;!-: liOTANICAL
(JAUDKN, CA^llilUDOK, MASS.

F. L. Aiiu's, Esq., at North Easlon, Mass.,
lias a lar<;o and select collection of Orchids, in-
cluding many fine specimens recently purchased
at South Aniboy and Albany, and also the ex-"
tensive and rare collection he purchased about a
year aizo of J. S. Itand. .Tr. -lust now he has a
finely flowered plant of Phahenopsis yrandiflora
aurea — a most excellent variety, with immense
flowers: it is a recent purchase from Menand,at
Albany.

Cypripedium Sedeni is still in flower. This is
one of my tireatest favorites, because it is always
in blossom, and the flower-spikes are shorter
than those of Koezli or the Lowei section, and
they often fork off into two or more branches.
Constitutionally it is robust and free growing,
and one of its greatest merits is that we have
not to '' wait a lifetime " to see it bloom, as is
the case Avith small plants of hirsutissimum,
Stonei or Lowei.

At the Botanic Garden here, a specimen of
Zj-gopetalum Mackayi, with sixteen flower-
spikes, and five to eight, mostly six blooms, on*
a spike, is going out of bloom. Lycaste Skin-
ner! is coming into bloom: one plant with two
of this year's bulbs is showing seventeen flowers.

The Calanthes are fine ; we had them in a cool
house to prolong their beauty, but as I noticed a
little spotting near the tops of some of the
Veitchii bulbs, I immediately removed them all
to the warmest house, where I keep them quite
dry.

Ltelia anceps is very fine. Two 14-inch pans
of Maxillaria picta have several hundreds of
blooms apiece. This is not a fine Orchid, but its
profusion is extreme.

Cypripedium purpuratum is blooming freeh' :
the flowers have a bold and erect bearing, and
are of a white and rich brownish purple color.
The foliage, too, is handsomely variegated.
Dendrobium chrysanthum, a pendulous Indian
species, with beautiful yellow flowers, has now
wreaths of blossoms.

NOTES ON ORCHIDS.

i;v !■:. iKn.i.v. ii ri)M)N, n. y.
Being engaged somewhat in growing green-
bouse and bedding ]ilaii(s, and especially
( )rchids, I have been iiiucli intcnsted in suchi
articles as have appeared from time, to lime in
the Monthly ujion the culture of Orchids..
The articles from Mr. Clias. II. Snow, of Balti-
more, 1 think very practical. I like that kind,
of information very much, and hope Mr. Snow
may continue his articles as often as he can get.
facts together for the benefit of Orchid growers ;
and I think the number is increasing very fast
in this country. At a late sale of imported
Orchids from Brazil or Venezuela, which were
collected by Mr. Thomas Hogg, of J^Tew York^
there was a large attendance and good prices-
were realized for most of the articles sold, AvhicK-
consisted largely of Cattleya Mossite. Thera
was sold on the same day and place (Messrs.
Young and Elliott), quite a collection fromi
Guatemala, which were fine plants in fine con-
dition and brought good prices. Mr. E. S. Rand
is now in Brazil, up tJie river Amazon, where he
has now a large collection of Orchids ready to
ship when the proper time arrives. I suppose
these will be sold in New York when they
arrive, thus giving Orchids growers a chance
to purchase and establish plants for themselives^
which takes from one to two years before the-
plants are strong enough to blossom. Dry^
plants of Orchids not established, should be
bought with considerable caution, as they will
not all come boldly up to our wishes ; and then
there has been many sold which were not true
to name. This is very annoying after getting
the plant established and having them turn out
much inferior to the varieties which they were-
purchased for. I hope to see new names writ-
ins: up articles on Orchids and their culture for
the Monthly.

DISEASE IN THE MARECHAL NIELROSE.

BY' J. L. II., ST. JO.SEPH, MO.

Having read with much interest the noties or
your correspondents in regard to the disease (?),
which has made its appearance on the Miirechah
Niel Rose of late, and having^ had per^onaJJ

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST..

20 1

experience with it, will relate it and my remedy '
as a cure. We have a Marechal Niel worked on
the Dog Kose. It is about four years old. It
has grown finely and bloomed very well all
along until last Fall, when we cut it back to
throw blooms for Christmas. It attracted our
attention by being very slow breaking; but wo
judged the cloudj^ weather as the cause of that.
But at length it did break, and bloomed about
five or six dozen blooms. Some of the blooms
were medium good, others were not. After it
finished blooming, our rose began to turn back,
dropped its leaves, showed no inclination what-
ever to break. We concluded our rose must
have the same disease (?) your correspondents-
described in the Monthly. We examined it
and found it exactly so, namely, with a large
shapeless excrescence just above the union, and
also numerous very small ones at intervals along
the stem, like warts. Our proprietor informed
me that it was "going to die, and I might try
any experiment I wished." I began work by cut-
ting all the small excrescence off" close, and about
one-third of the large ones also. I then washed
the wounds well with strong sulphur water,
and rubbed sulphur well in the wounds, and wet
some sulphur, adding water enough to make it
stick ; then gave all of the wounds a good coat
of it, let it remain two weeks or so, when I
found it began slightly to heal. I gave it another
washing, and treated it the same as before, and
let it remain for two weeks more, when it had
healed nearly over. I made two more cuttings
of the large excrescence, and treated it in the
same way as described, and in course of time it
healed completely over again. I found the
excrescence inside to be of a very brittlely
nature, having rusted dead streaks through it.
My rose did not make any headway for a while ;
but as time wore on it began to break, increasing
more vigorously as the weather began to get
fine, and now. May 5th, you could not wish to
see a more healthy plant. It has " set" more
than one hundred buds, and is continuing to
bud.

I somewhat agree with W. W. as regards the
cause of the disease, for it plainly illustrates his
statement ; whereas it prefers to break just
above the union. In conclusion, I might say I
have found the Marechal Kiel more sensitive
and impatient of any neglect than any rose I
have met with, though when properly cared for
it will amply repay any extra trouble the ope-
rator may have had.

FLORAL DECORATrON OF THE TABLE^

BY " AUNT CARPaE."

The use of flowers for the table is, we are glad
to know, exciting general attention among the-
more tasteful of our community ; even though
the}^ be those residing in cottages and setting
but simple tables.

What, indeed, has wealth or grandeur to do.
with this subject of flowers ? Those sweet and
refreshing, those silentmessengerSjWhich whisper
to the weary, toil-worn, working man or woman,
of peace and rest !

We say, therefore, to that large middle class,
composing the majority of our American homes,
never set a table without giving it that last
dainty touch — a vase, basket, or stand of
flowers, or if not flowers, the "bit o' green,"
which imparts such a charming grace.

Now, during the Summer season, it is sup-
posed that any lady may be able to secure her
pretty ornament for each meal, by merely run-
ning into yard or garden, there to gather the
treasures so dear to most women's hearts ; the
buds and flowers, feathery sprays and plumes of
green which form the most effective of table
adornment. In order to help those inexperi-
enced in this class of floral arrangement, we
will make a few suggestions that will perhaps
aid in the work ; which, once commenced, will so
grow upon the taste, that the tasteful housewife
will as readily relinquish the table meats and
napkins as the more charming addition of
flowers or greenery.

The variety of "stands," baskets, vases, &c.,
exhibited in our china and fanc3^-stores for this
class of ornament is " legion," and one becomes
confused in the very effort to select the most
beautiful, where all are striking.

In this day, even the humble may array their
tables tastefully, with glass and china ; for
though it may not be " cut" in the one instance,
nor " Sevres" in the other, still very cheap ;
" fruit sets" of glass, if carefully polished, and
simple white china, entire and quite pure in its
color, will impart that air of refinement which
even the costly articles fail to do, where rough-
handed " Mary Anns" have charge of the din-
ning room.

We advise, therefore, that whether of richest

" cut-glass" or simple crystal of domestic manu-

! facture, glass should form in a large measure

the table adornment, especially the receptacles

for flowers.

I Pretty glass baskets, long trumpet-shapedi

202

■tXn i^ARDJ'.yilR'S MOXTIILY

U**iy>

vases, and slender little specimen i;lasscs, may
be purchased for various sums, from twenty-five
cents to as many dollars ; and nothing can have
(especially in Summer) a cooler or more satis-
factory efl'ect. The pretty Parian baskets — with
open work or perforated walls, lined with
aml)er, crimson, blue or txreen tjlass (which is
strongly etVective, gleaminij through tlu^ creamy- ;
white exterior), are equally charming and within
the reach of all ; as even in the "• dollar stores"
we have picked up a few designs faultlessly per-
fect in manufacture and artistic in design.

The March-stand, consisting of a lower tazza
of size about two-thirds larger than an upper ,
one, with which it is connected by a slender
stem. The stands may be purchased in various '
sizes, but are easily imitated by a" home-made"
affair, far less expensive.

In the upper tazza, it is our custom to place a i
slender trumpet-shaped vase, the taller and j
more slender, the prettier in our opinion. '
Again, by making such a stand of tin, neatly
painted, then filling with damp sand, or even soil,
we may possess a living ornament of surpris-
ing beauty. We had such an one made at j
trifling cost, consisting of a circular tin pan,
eight inches in diameter, connected with an ;
upper one, of five inches, by a rod twelve '
inches long, which has been a charming object i
all Winter. Filling the pans with damp sand, j
(kept constantly wet), we inserted in the lower j
pan cuttings of Tradescantia aquatica, several
variegated Ivies with delightful feliase, and a
root of Madeira vine ; in the upper, the faithful i
old Lysimachia, and two little boxes well I
covered with Linaria cymbalaria, which have '
grown on and keep bubbling over the edges in |
billowy masses, beautiful to behold. Of course
the stem is covered, and mosses make a close i
carpet on the surface. Now there is no sameness !
about this one stand of the season ; for be it j
known, we insert cut flowers all through the !
surface, while in the top tazza or pan, we place
various pretty arrangements, sometimes a tall
trumpet of cut flowers, or a Parian vase of rose-
buds ; again, a little basket filled with moss and '
any treasure we can secure, or indeed (tell it j
Dot in Galh), very often a fine grown Sweet-
Potato vine, which has elicited more praise than
any other addition to our home-made stand. ;

We could go on and oti, describing the varied |
means used in our own flower-loving families. '~
for embellishing the table for each meal—" the
girls" taking turns in this pleasant duty, of'

wbith the littlt- individual vases at each plate is
considered the dearest, most enviable act of all;
for, if bj' any means, the special rose-bud
admired by the dear patcrfnmilias, the waxy-
white Hyacinth always loved by " mother," or
the drooping bells of the young sister's Lily of
the Valley, can be forced to bloom, the Winter
through, and gathered each day from the garden
bed, then indeed are the successful florists
happy beyond measure.

We would, in conclusion, ask our sister friends,
are not such teachings worth much to the rising
generation of 1H7«? I would suggest for you
that perhaps Mr. R. of Columbus, O., alludes
to " Floral Decorations for the Dwelling House,
an English work by Annie Hassard," published
here by McMillan & Co., N. Y.

LUCULIA CRATISSIMA.

BY JAMES TAPLIN, SOUTH AMBOY, N. J.

I noticed a query as to this plant being in
cultivation in this country. We had a plant of
over one hundred fine heads of bloom last
winter, and any of those heads of flowers would
perfume a large greenhouse. This plant haa
been planted in the Camellia house for three
j'ears. There must be quite a number of plants
in the country, for I have sold them to people
from New York to San Francisco. It will
always be a high priced plant, being difficult
to propagate, and still more difficult to import
from Europe. We imported it three times
before we obtained it alive. The Luculia is not
a good pot plant, but is of easy cultivation
planted out in a cool greenhouse. It requires
an abundance of water, both overhead and to
the roots when growing, and to be kept free
from insects, which are verj' fond of its large,
succulent foliage.

CURE FOR MEALY BUG.

BY DR. WM. F. CnANXING, PROVIDENCE, R. I.

I found, two years ago, before the publication
of the same fact by a correspondent of the
Monthly, that a solution of White Hellebore
and soap puts an end to the slug on Rose-bushes.
My next experiment with the same solution was
on certain liouse plants infected with scale —
cousin-german of the mealy bug. One thorough
application seemed to clear the plants of this
pest, though a second application was needed
two or three weeks after, to dispose of a new,
sparse and soft-shelled generation. Any kind of

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

203

strong soap answers well in solution with "White
Hellebore. I have a partiality for good soft-
soap for such purposes, having found it as effec-
tive as whale-oil soap with house plants, and less
disagreeable as well as cheaper.

The enquiries of a ''Reader," last Autumn, for
a cure for mealy bug, recalled my experience
with the Hellebore solution in the case of scale ;
and I suggested to my friend, Mr. Wni. H. Hogg,
florist, of this city, to try it upon a large Ste-
phanotis, on a trellis in one of his houses, on
which the mealy bug had been long established.
The following experiment was devised and con-
ducted entirely by Mr. Hogg, who permits me
to report it : He made a ball of powdered White
Hellebore and whale-oil soap, suited to the
■cavity of one of Wheeler's screw-globes, attach-
able to a hydrant or force-pump, for the purpose
■of distributing insecticide liquids or manures.
The action of the water flowing around the
ball, inside of the globe, is to dissolve the ball
gradually, and distribute the solution of Helle-
bore and soap through the hose without further
trouble. In Mr. Hogg's house the globe and
hose were connected with the city water-pipes,
und commanded all the pressure needed or
•desirable. The Stephanotis was washed with
the hose at first daily. After a week, or say six
applications, the mealy bug had very much
•diminished, and, with occasional washings, the
plant and house have been for several weeks
apparently free of the* pest, except on closest
examinatioii, when some slight traces can still
he found. Practically, the success has been
perfect, and the cost in trouble and labor small.
Mr. Hogg also bears testimony to the complete
effectiveness of this application with the hose to
plants infested with scale. I think gardeners
will recognize the importance of this experiment.
White Hellebore must now be considered as the
most powerful insecticide known, which is not
also a planticide.

about the middle or latter part of May, I place
the plants in a small house ; close all ventilators.
I admit no air but only once a week to let
the foul air escape. Here I keep the plants
saturated with water until the 15th of Septem-
ber, when I partially withhold water until the
end of the month, when I remove all the plants
to a cool, airy place, so that the leaves in some
shape or other assume a yellowish cast ; but the
plants must not be allowed to shrivel. About the
middle of November I take one or two or more,
as according to what stock I may have, and in-
troduce them into heat, and do so at an
interval of six to ten weeks. This is all that I
know of the Eucharis to make it flower the entire
year. I do not pot my plants every year ; I allow
them now four to six years in the same pot, if
the drainage is good.

ASPECT OF A GREENHOUSE.

BY FLETCHER WILLIAMS, WAYNE CO., N. Y.

Many are deterred from the enjoyment of a
a greenhouse or conservatory in connection with
the dwelling house, under the idea that certain
Southerly exposures are necessary. I would say
to those, that from experience, I have learned
to regard the difference in exposure as of no
practical consequence, at least not sufficient to
prevent the erection of the house where most
convenient. The element of success is rather
in a house constructed properly, to enable the
plants to be near the glass. And for the Camel-
lia, the Erica and the Rose tribes, and for many
other of our most desirable plants, I would con-
sider a Northern exposure as desirable. In this
case, however, more care may be necessary in
providing shelter from Winter winds. Double
glazing on the exposed part is an effective and
not expensive method.

EUCHARIS AMAZONICA.

BY RODERICK CAMPBELL, T'TICA, N. Y.

I pot all the plants at one time, that is in a
compost of turfy loam and sand, well mixed
together ; let the compost lie at least two months
before using, in a dry place, and at the time of
potting I place through the t-ompost pieces of
cow-dung, well dried, as large as walnuts, using
pots according to the size of plants wanted,
well di'ained ; the draining must be complete or
.failure follows. After all is potted, whi>li I do

CURE FOR CRACKING IN PEARS.

BY MISS C. E. BREWSTER.

About cracking in Pears, several times I have
known of its being radically cured by burying
old rusty iron about the roots, or watering
plentifully with copperas water. In fact, I have
never known either to fail ; though the cracking
of Pears mentioned by your correspondents may
be occasioned by some cause which cannot be
removed by " Iron in the Soil."

EDITORIAL NOTES.

Beautiful China Asters.— The Garden h:us
a colored plate of beautiful Asters. IIow won-

U(i4

Tin-: c.ARDENEirs Moxriii.y

U"iy^

lU'il'iiUy tiny have bt-cii improvtil. Oiio of these
tlowiTs iiu'iU^ures four and a half iiuhcs across.
The Aster is an excellent i)lan( for one to
exercise skill in plant-irrownig on.

Tin: AMAi;vLLis.^The London papers tell us
the taste for the Amaryllis is beeoinin<; quite
LTcneral in Enj,'land. The writer of this, when
in KnL.'land last Summer, saw a larire house at
Mr. V>. S. "Williams" wholly devoted to these
lml!>s. showiuLT a large demand for them. In
our own country we fancy the taste will also
increa.se. The admirable sketches of Miss G.
in our pages, show how much there is in them
to admire, and how easy it is to manage them.
The writer of this has, every Summer, beautiful
blossoms of A. longifolia in the open ground,
with no more trouble than the taking up of the
root in the Fall and putting it '' anywhere," and
then setting it out in the Spring. At this writing.
May 25th, it is throwing up an unusually long
flower stalk.

The Chinese Primrose. — Everybody knows
and admii'es the Chinese Primrose, but few know
how beautiful it may be until they see the chrome
issued by the Gardener's Chronicle of ^lay 4th.
The rtower stem is a quai'ter of an inch thick,
and the head, on which 16 flowei's are seen, is
six inches across. Each flower is one inch and
three-quarters wide, of a rich crimson purpld,
and with a bright golden star in the center.

ben<li near the glass inan "iiiti rniediatc" house^
and had some leaves tliat I ruiind on niea.sure-
UH-nt to be 1.') by 13 indns wide, and llowers-
from 2 to ;Ji inches across. Mr. Taplin,
th«' manager, tells me that they grow well in the
coolest greenhouse, and agani they do not object
to a little heat, jiroviding they have a light and
airy position. They grow most luxuriantly, and'
bloom most profusely in autumn and winter,
after which they rest for a period. F.

Abutilon Geo. A. Stanley. — A double
Al)utilon is a great novelty. We have Double

[Hollyhocks, Double Althean, Double Chinese
Hibiscus, all of the Malvaceous family, but one-

[ Double Abutilon that we know of under the
above name. A Cleveland correspondent sends us.
a colored photograph of one which has retained
the semi-double character for several years. The
color, a rosy crimson, and is in itself a novelty.

NEW OR RARE PLANTS.

Begonia Frcebelii. — This is a newly dis-
covered and recently introduced (three years
ago^ species, a native of the Republic of Ecua-
dor, and named in compliment to Frcebel of
Zurich, who first grew^ and distributed it. It is
a tuberous-rooted species, nearly allied to Be-
gonia cinnabarina, and one of the easiest to
grow and most gorgeous of the genus. Its
leaves are radical, large, thick, uniformly green
and pubescent, and in well grown plants envel-
op the flower-pots like the leaves of thrifty
Cinerarias. The blossoms vary in color from
rose to the most intense and vivid scarlet and
glowing carmine, and are produced on long
stems clear above the leaves.

The finest specimens of this lovely Begonia I
have seen or heard of, I saw recently at
Mr. Such's Nurseries, South Amboy, N. J. The
plants were growing in seven-inch pots, on a

SCRAPS AND QUERIES.

Double Geranium Ethel Beale. — As^

most gardeners knovv,the best of the Double
Geraniums have a ragged and confused set oV
petals. In English works, Ethel Beale is intro-
duced to us as one for the first time presenting a
regularly elegant form. The following is the
desci-iption given :

One of the most beautiful and distinct Double-
Geraniums in cultivation, with clusters of bril-
liant-colored flowers, resembling the finest
Double Balsam in perfection of outline. The
petals are evenlv and perfectly reflexed, and the-
immense trusses of bloom present a most unique
and charming appearance.

The color of the flowers is rich pink, shading
off to brilliant crimson, reflex of petals silvery-
white, and the pei'fecth' developed form of the
flowers, combined with its remarkably free
habit, makes it a most valuable acquisition as
an exhibition plant, or for cut blooms. It is un-
doubtedly far before any other of its class, and
we recommend it with the utmost confidence to
all Geranium growers. It is particularly well
adapted for market work.

Mrs. E. B. H., Michigan City, Ind., says: —
"Can thee give any information as to the best
method of cleaning plants of lice (green). I am
very much troubled with them upon my pot
plants and those in the garden beds as well."

[In most cases syringing with soapy water is the

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

205

T)est way of getting rid of Aphides. There are
^vashes of various kinds, but a powerful S5a-inge
is generally equal to the work, and little prepa-
ration is required for its use. See the article of
Dr. Channing in this month's issue. It has rela"
tion to scale and mealy bug chiefly, but may be
useful against other insects. — Ed. G. M.]

Span or Lean-to Greenhouse — C. H. S.,
iiTewmarket, Ontario, Canada, says : — "Being
compelled by the narrowness of my lot, which
runs east and west, to build my greenhouse end-
ing the same way, I would be thankful to you
for information as to whether there would be
any advantage in building a span-roofed house
•over a lean-to V

[So much depends on what one wants to grow,
and the circumstances attending management,
that it is difficult to say, independently of these
■considerations, whether one should have a span-
I'oofed house, or one on the lean-to principle.
So far as we can understand our correspondent's

wants, there seems to be no objection whatever
to a lean-to house under his circumstances. — Ed.
G. M.]

Gardenia Flower.— J. L. R., St. Joseph,
Mo., writes :— ''With this mail I forward the
bloom of a plant for identification. You will see
I have been dissecting it. I would send you a
perfect bloom if I could procure it. The leaves
are rather thick and leathery. The bark bears
a strong resemblance to the common Alder, hav-
ing a verucose appearance ; the plant bloomed
finely, and is just through. If it were not for my
short attention to Botany and thinking myself
incompetent, I would class it in the Madder
family."

[We give this letter entire, as an encourage-
ment to young Botanists to persevere with their
structural investigations, for this young man has
come near the mark in placing it in the Eubia-
ceiB or madder family, the relics of the flower he
sends, showing it to belong to one of the large-
flowered tropical Gardenia's.— Ed. G. M.]

Fruit and Vegetable Gardening.

COMMUNICA TIONS.

DWARF JUNE BERRY.

BY T. T. FINNEY, NASHVILLE, OHIO.

With your permission I send a few items con-
■cerning the Dwarf June Berry, of which inquiry
was made in March number. I have grown the
Dwarf June Berry many years, and prize it
highly, as I believe does every one who is the
fortunate possessor of one or more bushes. It
is not very extensively disseminated here as yet,
owing to the fact that no one has ever propa-
gated it for sale. The first stock of plants was
brought from Maryland many years since, and
has attracted marked attention wherever grown,
not only by its dwarf habit, but by its immense
productiveness. With me its productiveness has
been a matter of wonder and surprise, " literally
covered" seeming to be a term especially suited
to a description of its prolific character. In
size, the berries approach, when fully ripe,
nearly that of the Early Purple Cherry. Its
large size may be due, however, to the fact that
mine are gro\ving on land freshly cleared of
timber. Here its season af ripening lasts several

days, furnishing a supply of fruit of several days'
duration. It is of neat habit when properly
cared for, and may be grown as a small tree
with a single stem, or it may be grown in clumps
or stools. It has thus far been entirely free
from insects and disease. As it does not evince
any tendency to overspread all creation by
throwing up suckers, it is admissible in the
smallest garden.

The only defect it has (and it is not the fault
of the fruit) is the inordinate fondness that birds
have for the fruit. Strawberries , Raspberries and
Cherries are all forsaken by these feathered
pilferers as soon as the June Berries begin to
ripen. Where birds are destructive to the early
small fruits, the June Berry might be grown
specially for the birds, as they seem to prefer it
to anything else ; and a small area would furnish
pasture sweet for a great many robins. catl)irds
and redheads.

DWARF JUNE BERRY AGAIN.

BY H. ('. VAN DEMAN, GENEVA, KANSAS.

I am glad this valuable fruit has lieen brought
to the notice of your readers. I think with Mr.

206

•THh. GAKDENKK'S MONTHLY

VJ"b',

Terry, of Iowa, that it is very far from bein^ a
humbu<z. I have liiis Sjiriiif^ set out several
Inimlred nmre phints to ^row for (he fruit.
Although there is no doubt of this being an
Amehmchier, I cannot find any species in the
books that uxactly coincides with this one. The
stock from which my plants came was brou^^ht
to Kansas from Illinois about ten years auo, and
so far as I am able to ascertain, the plants there
were grown from seeds obtained in Pennsyl-
vania. The old-fasliioned tree Service Berry, or
June Berry, nearly every one knows, as it grows
all over the Eastern and Middle States, and most
of the Western States, too. If this dwarf species
grows wild in Pennsylvania or Viru;inia, I hope
some of our friends there will tell us. I have
two sub-species growing on my place. The one
mentioned grows about three feet high here, but
in Illinois it grew to six feet. The other kind is
like the lirst, except that it grows only half as
high. Both kinds bear prodigiously. The flavor
is mild, rich, sub-acid, and is very good eaten
raw or in any way that Raspberries may be used.
In size almost as large as the Houghton Goose-
berry. Mixed with the Gooseberry, a very nice
sauce is made without the use of sugar. The
nurserymen here are just waking up to the
importance of disseminating the plants. Many
of them do not know there is such a thing. By
experiment, I have found that it will grow
budded or grafted in the apple, and no doubt it
will grow in other stocks of the Roseasca? family.
I do not know that this would be any benefit,
as it progagates easily and does well on its own
roots. I have heard rather indirectly that the
smaller variety that I have was found in one of the
extreme southern counties of this State, and that
it grows abundantly there along the blufls. Cul-
ture greatly improves this fruit, and I hope that
it maybe more generally grown. It certainly is
here a great acquisition to the small fruits.

the Quince ; indeed, it is rather chusscd as Pyrus
(ban Cydonia. It is a more hardy variety than
(lie (Quince, being never injured in root or
branch by the winter. It is vigorous and adapts
itself to a great variety of soil, and is in this re-
spect quite in contrast with the Quince stocks
Lastly, it will be likely to dwarf the Pear, and
induce fruitfulness (juite as much as does the
(^)uince. Reasoning thus, I made trial upon a
few stocks during the last summer, which were
planted with no reference to this purpose. The
result was that the buds "took" with great read-
iness, and we now have young pears with luxu-
riant growth upon this stock. My partner and I
are so well pleased with the appearance and
promise of this stock that we have planted out
our whole crop of last year's seedlings, about
15,000, for the purpose of budding, this August.
We find the habit of growth of the seedlings to
be clean and upright, quite the contrast with the
plants usually propagated by root cuttings. The
average height of the plants in the seed bed the
first season was a foot and a half, although many
attained to a height of nearly three feet, and
would have taken a bud, the first year, from
seed. Possibly this particular variety and its
descendents may be more vigorous than the
common type. However this may be, it is clear
that such seedlings will "work" well. To my
mind the prospect is decidedly' encouraging that
a new and valuable stock for dwarfing the Pear
is here promised. But I am fully aware that the
experiment is not yet tested to a conclusion.
Yet it can be but a question of a comparatively
short time befoi-e definite results will be ob-
tained.

A NEW STOCK FOR THE PEAR.

BY W. C. STRONG, BRIGHTON, MASS.

Having a group of Pyrus japonica seedlings
which I noticed to be unusually fruitful, some
five or six years ago, I have kept the stock
since that time, for the purpose of raising seed-
lings for hedge plants. The habit and vigor of
growth of these plants suggested the idea of
using them a.s stocks for budding with the Pear.
I reasoned as follows : — This P. japonica is
quite as nearly allied to the common Pear as is

HYBRID STRAWBERRIES.

BY T. B. MINER, LINDEN, N. J.

Have we any hybrid strawberries ? Several
propagators of new varieties of this fruit say
"yes," and claim to have produced them. Now^
let us look a little into this subject. When we
plant different varieties near each other, we find
that there is no mixing in the fruit in the least
degree, even if a hundred kinds were growing on
a bed ten feet square. Suppose, then, that the
seeds of the fruit grow on such a bed he •
sows, what will the plants be produced from this
bed? Horticulturists would call them either
"chance seedlings," or "chance hybrids,'''' while
in fact they are only chance crosses, the term
"hybrid" beiagin such a case entirely improper.
This cross is effected by insects carrying the

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

207

pollen from the blossoms of one variety to those
of another, till perhaps each of the blossoms of
the entire hundred varieties would become fruc-
tified, in some degree, by the pollen of every
variety in the bed.

Next, we will suppose that a thousand of these
so-called chance hybrids are growing, will any
of them be exactly like the one hundred parent
plants? Not one, but all will be different in
some respect; and the entire lot will be one
thousand neiw varieties, the nature of which can
never be changed by the art of man.

Again, we set a variety by itself, say a stami-
nate that is self-fructifying; no other variety
within a mile, if you please ; no possible cross,
in this case, and we sow the seed of this isolated
plant and produce another thousand new varie-
ties, with not one exactly like the purer sort nor
any other known to exist. How do these plants
correspond in their fruits with the one thousand
varieties first spoken of above ? The fruit is
about the same in size, color and quality, some
small, some large, some good and some pooi,
and so far as appearances go, they seem to be as
good in all respects as the first-named thousand
varieties, not following the parent plant as re-
gards size of berries, unless it be by mere chance.

Now "W'e will come to what is said to produce
the real hybrids. We take a choice staminate
and also a good pistillate plant, and set them by
themselves, about a foot apart, with no other
varieties so near that there will be any danger
that the pistilate variety can become, in any de-
gree, fructified by any sort, but by the selected
male staminate set by it ; and when this pistillate
plant fruits, we plant the seeds fi'om it, and the
result is claimed to be perfect hybrids with
the good qualities of both parent sorts. Are they
so ? I say no — only chance seedlings, like the
two thousand varieties previously introduced.
Let any one take the largest two varieties, male
and female, that exist in the world, say each
producing berries twelve inches in circumfer-
ence, as it is now claimed that one or two do
produce, and let them be set one, five, or ten
miles from every other variety, would the seed
of the female plant produce plants that would
bear berries a.s large as those of the parent
plants? Only by chance; and in one thousand
such plants perhaps not one would produce ber-
ries over half the size of those yielded by the
parent varieties. If this is "hybridization," so
be it. I shall call it simply chance crossing.

lit may be proper to note that Mr. Miner uses

the term "staminate" in the sense of hermaphrO'
(lite. No pure staminates are grown now. What
he says of crossing is correct. A hybrid is a
mixture of two distinct species. A cross is a
mixture of distinct forms of one species, but,
practically, the distinction is not of much im-
portance, for botanists themselves disagree as
to what is a species, and what is but a distinct
form of one. Yet as the matter stands, if we
could get progeny between an Alpine stravvber-
r}', called botanically, Fragaria vesca, and the
common garden strawbeiTies — F. Virginiana,
they would be considered hybrids ; but progeny
between Hovey's Seedling and Albany Seed-
ling, would be regai'ded as but a cross. But
we are glad Mr. Miner has introduced the ques-
tion. Instances are gettuig ridiculously common
for people to talk of their new seedlings as hyb-
rids or crosses between this and that, when there
is no evidence whatever that they are more than
natural variations . — Ed. G. M.]

ANOTHER WORD ON RASPBERRIES.

BY G. WRIGHT, ROCK FALLS, ILL.

The question of the identity of Elm City and
Highland Hardy is in a fair course of final settle-
ment. Mr. Charles Downing sent me plants of
H. Hardy to plant beside my Elm City, and I
sent him the Elm City to test beside the H.
Hardy, so have patience for a year or two. I
presume the adaptation of soil to the different
varieties has more to do with the success of
Raspberry culture than most persons are aware.
I have found that the Elm City will completely
run out on dry land which is adapted to Phila-
delphia, while on low, moist ground Philadel-
phia will produce nothing, and Elm City is in
its glory. We should not condemn a variety of
fruit because of one failure. If any one succeeds
with it, let us look for the element of success.
I am certain the failure of H. Hardy, referred to
by J. A. D., was due to dr}' soil or southern ex-
posure.

CULTIVATING WHORTLEBERRIES.

BY L. S. BUKBANK, WOBURN, M^VSS.

Several years ago I tried the experiment of
transplanting some shrubs of the High Blue-
berry, Vaccinium corymbosum, into a rich and
not very damp garden soil. The two specimens
that I planted did so well that I have often
thought of trying it as a hedge-plant for moist
soils, selecting plants which produce the largest
and best berries in abundance, and so securing a

-20 R

1111' CARni-M-R'S MONTULY

{July,

licdu'i' tlmt will boar valimhii' fniil. Il will
iindoubt«'(lly mako a irood, thick IumIi,'!' ; hut the
slow growth, I thniiLrht, mi^ht ho a uroat objec-
tion. I (lid not know that tlic oxporiinont had ,
•ever been iriod, till last week, I found in this!
town a row of tho liushos, a liundrod or more,
that woro takon up fiftoon yoars ajjro and sot out
on the hanks of tho old ranal. Thoso bushes
wore very small when transplantod, hut are now
ten or twelve foot hiijh, with trunks, some of
them, I think, more than two inches in diameter. |
They stand in the track of the New Mystic !
Valley Railroad, and are all to he cut down im-
Tuodiately. I have spoken for some of the wood,
and if you would like, will send you some of
the larirest samples, showinj; the rate of growth. !
Tliey were set out by Mr. Josiah Curtis, of Xorth |
"Woburn, who still owns the land where they,
stand. I should like to see the experiment tried i
of raising from the seeds of the largest and best
herries. a lot of these shrubs, to he used for a j
hedge in cold, moist lands. Why may not a i
larger and better berr}' than any of the wild i

varieties now produced be obtained in this w'ay?
.... ^ I

EDITORIAL NOTES.

The First Georgia Peach.— They have a
rivalry down South, as to who should have the i
first ripe peach. Samuel Rumph, of Marshall- 1
Tille, one of the Vice Presidents of the Georgia |
State Hortiicultural Society, secured the honor
.this year wjth the Early Amsden, on the 18th of
■ May. That part of Georgia grows Peaches for
Northern mai'kets, enjoying a monopoly till the
Maryland and Delaware orchards wake up to '
their work, which is about the end of July, so '
that the Georgia fruit-growers have a full six
weeks to work. i

Growing <trape.s in Vineries.— Some years '
ago, some attention was given to growing '
Grapes on what is known as the extension sys- 1
tern ; that is, training a Grape vine so that in [
time one plant filled a whole house. In the
hands of a good grower, we believe it is a
much better plan than the single rod sj-stem.
In hopes to recall attention to this good plan,
we give the following from an Irish paper on
the single vine in one large house at the Vice-
Regal Lodge, Dublin :

"Taking it all in all, we are strongly of
opinion that the great vine at the Vice-Regal
Lodge, Phoenix Park, may fairly claim to be the
iinest example of a single vine grown on what is

callod the oxionsion system to he found in those
i-lands, or, ])orhaps, outside of them. It is quite
possible, and very jirolialile, loo, that there are
other monster vines monopolizing entire houses,
and covering a larger space ; hut we doubt if the
Finchley or any other celebrity in its way i)re-
sents such a picture of sucees.->ful gra|)e culture
as does at this jiresent moment th«' large vine at
the Vice-Regal Lodge. The crop this year is,
perhaps, the heaviest it has yet matured, cer-
tainly the size and weight of the bunches is
beyond the average. Not a few of these would
turn the scale between three and four pounds,
and the weight of the general run of bunches
will he fully two pounds each. The number of
bunches which are strung along the lines of rod
with almost mathematical precision is some-
where about five hundred, and everyone of them
fit for the exhibition table. The heaviest
bunches are, as a matter of course, to be found
at the extreme end of the house, opposite to that
at which the vine is introduced, and from which
rods are conducted horizontalh^ the entire length
of over seventy feet. The large-sized bunches
illustrate the fact in grape-growing that size and
sable are not at the same time attainable ; to
have the former you must forego the latter to
some extent. Notably, too, the bunclfes which
crowd the hip or back portion of the roof, which
is less exposed to light and sunshine, have the
color laid on more decidedly than those which
are more fully exposed to these elements.
Nothing can be more robust, clean, and healthy
than the foliage. Altogether it is a triumph of
cultural skill and good management, and the
worthy and skilful chef who holds the horticul-
tural helm at the Lodge may well be congratu-
lated on the present aspect of his noble Black

Hamburgh. '■

...I

NEW OR RARE FRUITS
AND VEGETABLES.

SwAYZiE Pomme Grise Ai'ple.— Of this ex-
cellent Apple Dr. Burnett says in a recent
number of The. Canadian Hnriiculinrist :

"We are led in the same connection to speak
of the Swayzie Pomme Grise, so named, we have
been told, from Col. Swayzie, an inhabitant of
the Niagara District. Beadle's Canadian Gar-
dener expresses the opinion that the apple
originated on this farm. The original tree was
blown down, the author says, during the Summer
of 1870, and was standing in an irregular clump

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

209

"of apple trees, having the appearance of being
'the original seedling nursery, from which were
raised the first apple trees planted out in
orchard form on the farm. However this may
be, we confidently affirm that this variety of
apple is not as w'ide^ly cultivated as it ought to
be. To some tastes it is superior to its congener,
the Pom me Grise. Certainly its flavor and
•delicacy go far to recommend it. It, too, might
appropriately enough be called leather-skin,
only it is of a lighter color than the Pomme
Grise ; sometimes with a blush on the cheek,
and sometimes not, oftener with none. Both
varieties are noble keepers, only fit for use in
the Spring of the year. To those who have
cultivated the varieties, and have plenty of them,
at need not be said that they are as good for
cooking as for dessert. Their dessert and cook-
ling qualities are unexceptionable. The best
mode, perhaps, to keep them is to store them in
barrels, and only open when about to be used.
Their long-keeping qualities commend them to
dealers in fruit. We are not acquainted with
any two other varieties more likely to give
-satisfaction to fruit-growers than' these. The F.
G. A. of Ontario did well to disseminate the
•Swayzie Pomme Grise. It will find its way
wherever tried, and prove lasting comfort to the
(planter."

A Beautiful Turnip. — In the Paris market
the writer of this saw a beautiful Yellow Turnip
introduced to public notice, chiefly through the

'efforts of Messrs. yilmorn, Andrieux «& Co., the
•distinguished seedsmen of that city, who kindly

gave us the accompanying drawing of it. It waa
called the "Yellow Mont Magny."

It appears to have been raised by some market
gardener near Paris. The skin is of a pretty
smooth and clear yellow at the base of the
turnip, while the upper portion is of a violet-
red. The flesh is of a clear yellow, and has the
sweetness so characteristic of the yellow kinds,
and which makes them grow so increasingly in
public estimation. A very interesting feature in
it is, the remarkably small knot of leaves at the
top — a feature which the cook generally appre-
ciates in a good turnip. As Messrs. Yilmorn
have numerous correspondents among our seed-
houses, it is quite likely to be in the trade for
Fall sowing.

The Crescp'.nt Seedling Straavberry. —
We have accounts of this berry from New Jersey
this year, and on the testimony of some uninter-
ested friends whom we have engaged to examine
the plants in bearing, we have no hesitation in
giving it the award of very great superiority. Of
so many new things of which we hear, few last
over a year or two-, before we find there is
nothing in them. We believe this promises
better than any we have heard of for a good
while.

SCRAPS AND QUERIES.

Diseased Peach Leaf.— R., St. Joseph, Mo.,
says : "1 send the leaves of some Peach trees
that are entirely out of shape. I notice it on
several trees in this section of the country.
Please tell us what is the cause of this, and the
preventative or cure. We had a very early
Spring, which brought everything out very
quick ; then comes that snapping frost the first of
May. I have attributed this as the cause, but of
course will wait for your opinion, which will be
of much importance to your readers of the
Monthly in this section of the country."

[The leaves are affected by a fungus, similar
to that which induces the ordinary Peach blister.
This form we have not seen before. Instead of
the irregular blotches, as generally seen, the
leaf is apparently drawn downwards, folding the
surface in regular plaits like the sla'.s of a
Venetian blind. Sand specimens to Prof. Far-
low, at Cambridge, Mass., or AV". II. Seaman,
Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C,
who pay especial attention to the Peach fungi. —
Ed. G. M.J

210

THE GARDENER S AfONTI/LY

[.A/''.

Profitabi.k Ciierkiks. — L., Pittsburg, Pa.,
writes: "I am thinkiii>; of settiii}:^ out two
hundred i-htirv frees for profit tliis Fall ; what
variety would you reeomujcud me to use ?"

[The ouly answer we can Ljive, would be to
note the kinds that sell best in the market in-
tended for them. As a jjeneral rule, the Karly
Richmond is a very profitable cherry; but if,
the people you propose to sell to want eatinj^ \
cherries, there will be little sale for these. I
Very few persons suecetul at fruit-ijrowing by '

poinr; into it in a blind way. It j^cenerally grows
by decrees, and in fact the market is seen, or
the grower has some distinct idea of where and
what will be wanted befon^ he plants. Judgini;
from your inquiry, you will not make out much
with your venturi', and in kindness would sug-
gest that you plant only twenty instead of two
hundred the first year, and in the meantime look
around and see what kinds are in demand in the
places where you think you may sell, after you
get the croj) ready. — Ed. G. M.]

Forestry.

COMMrX/C\lT/ONS.

YELLOW AND BLACK LOCUST.

UY H. F. IIILLENMEYER, LEXINGTON, KY.

In answer to your query with reference to
Yellow and Black Locust, I would state that
there are two varieties. The Yellow Locust is
erect in growth, has ver}' thin sap-wood, is very
durable, and of smooth cleavage. A gate-post,
set to my knowledge in 1801, is as sound to-day
as a " trade dollar."

Black Locust is irregular in growth, nearly as
much so as Catalpa, is rough in cleavage, has
darker wood, and is not so durable as the Yellow
variety, and has thick sap wood even when
mature.

Yellow Locust is harder and more durable,
but not so tough as the Black variety. The
difference does not arise from soil or situation, as
both grow in the same groves here. I shall at
an early day send you sections of wood from
each, and in the meantime try to determine
other specific differences.

EDITORIAL NOTES.

Tea Plants at Washington. — The Fruit-
xst and Florist says : Tea-plant bushes may be
seen at the Agricultural (irounds also, which
survive the winter almost like privet. We saw
bushels of the tea-seed or nut there, grown and
ripened in Georgia and South Carolina, a fact to
be remembered. Mr. Wm. Saunders, the Super-
intendent, has full faith in tea growing in the
southern portions of this country.

Expense of Preparing Tea. — It has been
objected that the Tea-plant, though proved to
do well in the climate of our Southern States,

could not bo prepared for a profit in this country^
in competition with cheap Chinese labor. It is
well known that the Canothus Americanus waa
extensively prepared as " Pennsylvania tea" a
few years ago, and it is this which is referred to
by the following correspondence of the Phila-
delphia Press :

" 1 noticed in a late issue of The Press an
article relating to the culture of Chinese tea
in America, and the only obstacle to a full
competition would be the high price of labor in
this country. You observed that Yankee
ingenuity would soon obviate the necessity of
hand labor in its manufacture. This is true,
as the following narrative will demonstrate.
A company was formed in this part of the
State to manufacture tea from an indigenous
plant growing spontaneously in our mountauis.
I was employed, with others, in its maimfacture
by hand at first, and subsequently by machinery.
I am acquainted with every department of its
manufacture, from the plucking of the leaves till
prepared for the tea-pot. By hand, it will cost
about twenty-five cents per pound ; by ma^
chinery,such as we used, it can be manufactured
read}' for market at about ten or twelve cents
per pound. This includes the gathering of the
leaves and all other expenses. There were ex-
pended, I suppose, some $20,000 in different ma-
chines before a successful one was obtained. It
met every requirement, from the steaming of
the green leaves till they were given that bloom
and spiral shape so noticeable in foreign teas. I
write this letter that you may still urge its cul-
ture in America and bring to the notice of indi-
viduals that there is no barrier to successful
competition with any foreign nations.

McElhattan, Pa. W. M. Q."

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

211

Cherry Timber. — The English Furniture
Dealer has this to say of Clierry timber : ''The
bark of the Cherry tree is so peculiar, as to
render it distinguishable at first sight. The
trunk is regularly shaped, but the bark is black-
ish and rough, and detaches itself semi-circu-
larly, in thick narrow plates, which are renewed
after a considerable lapse of time. The perfect
wood of the American wild Cherry tree, is of a
dull, light-red tint, which deepens with age. It
is compact, fine-grained, and brilliant, and not
liable to warp when perfectly seasoned. It is
extensively employed for ever}' species of furni-
ture, and wlien chosen near the ramification of
the trunk, it rivals Mahogany in beauty. Its
wood is generally preferred to the Black Walnut,
whose dun complexion with time becomes
nearly black. Among trees that grow east of
the Mississippi, it is the best substitute for
Mahogany, and it is also useful for ship-building,
and for the felloes of wheels.

"The Wild Orange tree, which is a species of
Cherry tree, appears in North America to be
nearly confined to the islands on the coast of the
Carolinas, of Georgia, and of the Floridas.
Except the margin of the sea, it is rarely found
on the main land, even at the distance of eight
or ten miles from the shore where the tempera-
ture is five or six degrees colder in Winter, and
proportionately milder in the Summer. The
wood is rose-colored, and very fine grained, but,
as this species is not extensively multiplied, it
does not appear to be appropriated to any use,
as other wood, in no respect inferior, can readily
be obtained. The Red Cherry tree is common
only in the Northern States, and in Canada.
Its size places it among trees of the third order.
It rarely exceeds, and often does not equal 25 or
.30 feet in height, and 6 or 8 inches in diameter.
The trunk is covered with a smooth brown bark,
which detaches itself laterally ; the wood is fine-
grained, and of a reddish hue; but the inferior
size of the tree forbids its use in the mechanical
arts. This species of Cherry tree offers the same
remarkable peculiarity as the Canoe Birch, of
producing itself spontaneously in cleared
grounds, and in such parts of the forest as have
been burnt."

Timber in California. — The Rural Press
tells us that so far as the tree question is con-
cerned, there is no cause for alarm ; the State is
gaining more trees every year than it lose*.
The destruction of old trees is rapid in Mendo-
cino, Humboldt, Santa Cruz, Western Sonoma,

and the shores of Lake Tahoe, but the young
trees are growing up, and the forests are in no
danger of decreasing in area, unless in Santa
Cruz, and we believe not there ; while in the
valleys the planting of fruit, timber, and orna-
mental trees is making gratifying progress. The
ii'rigation ditches and reclamation dykes are ex-
tending every year, and trees will go with them ;
and we expect that in fifty years the economy of
water will have made such advances that the
Sacramento, San Joaquin and Salinas valleys
will be as thickly settled with dwellings em-
bowered among trees as are Napa, Sonoma, and
Petaluma n©w, and the changes made for the
better there within the last quarter of a century
are little short of the marvelous.

Yellow and Black Locust. Recently a
correspondent inquired whether there was any
difterence between these two, and a correspond-
ent we have gives further information. It is singu-
lar that lumbermen often find differences, though
botanists fail to see distinctions. We are often
told of yellow and white Poplar among the Liri-
odendrons, but botanists see no differences. Some-
thing similar exists among some English timber
ti-ees. At a recent meeting of the Royal Horti-
cultural Society Dr. Hogg showed a very inter-
esting series of varieties of Hornbeam, Birch and
Hazel, known to the woodmen of Sussex, but ap-
parently overlooked by botanists. The color of
the bark was different, the habit also, while for
*'actical purposes the distinctions were even
more important as variation in the degree of
brittleness, toughness, &c., accompany the dif-
ferences in color. The specimens exhibited were
white and red Hazel, white and red Birch, white
and red Hornbeam. The Hornbeam is called in
the Weald of Sussex the Beech, and the red va-
riety the Husbeech. The true Beech (Fagus) is
distinguished as the "Timber Beech." The labor-
ers never use the red Hornbeam or Husbeech for
withes because of its brittleness. Dr. Hogg also
showed twigs of Willow with galls produced by
a species of cecidomyia.

The Eucalyptus. — Some time since a Con-
necticut correspondent wrote to us about his
prospects in planting in Connecticut,coolly asking
us to "send him a copy of our magazine contain-
ing our reply." We answered his communication
in the magazine, but did not "send the copy."
We suppose that the gentleman did not profit
by our advice, for we hear that some one is ar-
ranging to plant it there extensively the coming
Spring. We should hardly believe this, onl}' we

•Jl-J

nil-: cARPKXERs MoxrnLv

[.A'.v.

hixjipcn lo know of a tree (IcnU-rwlio is iuixiously
lookini,' n|) itlunl-s in all directions t'ora ciistonn'r
in tiial Sliito.

KKn)KT UroN I'-oitKsriJV — By I'^ranklin li.
lloujih. From Hon. W. (J. J.c I)nr, ("i)niinis-
sioncr of Auricullnri'. In 1H77 Conj;n-ss ordi-rcd
the Coniinissioner of Agriculture to " appoint
sonic man of ajiprovcd attainments, and practi-
cally well accjuainted with the methods of statisti-
cal inquiry with a view of ascertaining the annual
amount of consumption, importation and expor-
tation of timhcr and other forest products, the
prol)ahle su])ply for futm-e wants, the means
l)est adapted to the preservation an(f the renewal
of forests ; the iuHuenee of forests upon climate,
and the measures that have been successfully
employed in various countries for the preserva-
tion and restoration or planting of forests, and
report." Dr. Hough was appointed, and this is
the report of his first year's work.

In many quarters regret ha.s been expressed
that some one was not appointed for this work
who had an acquaintance with forest trees, and
with the practical details of forest culture •, but
the act of Congress called for simply one ac-
quainted with the methods of statistical inquiry,
and Dr. Hough is fully as competent for this
work as any one who could be selected. In this
report he has industriously collected together an
amount of material comprised in overGOO pages of
what immbers have said of the Forestry question.
With much of iLcvery one interested in the subject
i^already ac(|uainted. Emerson's report on the
trees and shrubs of Mass. ; Curtis woody plants
of North Carolina; the writings of Beccpieral,
Marsh, and other well-known authors are
liberally drawn on. Newspaper paragraphs,
extracts from public meetings and discussions,
and an immense amovmt of items, good, bad and
indilTerent, have been gathered together from
home and foreign sources ; and. which is especi-
ally of great value to us, have been indexed and
given to us here in a shape that Ls readily acces-
sible. Granting that a Commissioner charged
with a more original line of investigation would
have been more valuable, still the work as it is
is well worth all the money it has cost, and we
hope the subject will still be continued by the
Department. As the field to be covered is
simply the collecting of all sorts of paragraphs
and copying from all sorts of works, it would be
well to suggest that the statistician confine him-
self to this and not hazard guesses as to the Ijotany
of his timber trees. For instance, he tells us that

till- " Ked Pine" of which the Mormon taberna-
cle is built, is •• understood to be the I'inus con-
iuria,'' and worse yet, that the " While Pine" of
Utah, is " Abies En^dmanii[!y' If we cannot
ha\ e a Forest Commissioner who is aciiuainted
with American Forest and timber tribes, it will
at least be well that he avoid such blunders a.s
these by letting the text he collects alone. It
is best to let the timber go as Utah lied Pine
and Utah AVhite Pine, than to propagate such
fearful errors as these.

Aside from the value of the collection of
opinions and facts here presented, the " meo/-
sures" recommended are fairly estimated, we
think, by General Le Due in his presentation of
the report to the House of llepresentalives :
" While the information Dr. Hough has accjun-ed
has been extensive and in some cases exhaustive,
— and while from the European worlds much
may be leai'ned — the differences that exist be-
tween our own country and foreign countries in
the ownership of lands, make it impracticable
to apply for tlu^ present, if ever, the systems of
administration that i)revails elsewhere."

This has alwa,ys been our view ; and yet we
see Dr. Hough " is to make a personal inspection
of European Forests," for which !i?G,000 is re-
quested. AYe really believe that SG,000 spent
by one acquainted with our own Forest products,
among our own Forest trees, amongst our own
Forest tree cultivators, and by one jiractically
acquainted with Forestry work, and who has a
knowledge of the principles of our Government
and what it ought and could and what it should
not do, would be infinitely more profitable to us ;
still we are not the less thankful to the Govern-
ment and Dr. Hough for what they have given
us. The whole proceeding is a step in the right
direction. We have not got what we want — but
we have the worth of all it has cost.

SCRAPS AND QUERIES.

UxiLizrNG THE PiNE Tree.— T. C, 3221

Chestnut St., Phila., says :— "Can you tell me
through the Gardener's Monthly, whetheryou
have notice of any work on the special culture
and mode of utilizing the Pine tree?"

[We do not know of any special work on this
subject.— Ed. G. M.]

The Agricultural Grounds. — The Arbore-
tum, at the Agricultural Grounds at Washington,
just now is very interesting, the many hun-
dreds of trees and shrul)s being in nearly full
foliage. Farmers who wish to identify or find a

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

213

name for any new or curious tree or shrub, which every sort known in this zone ; and artists who
they happen to fii'd on their farms, can do so by j wisli to delineate any particular foliage can here
a walk in the Arboretum. Those designing to j find every specimen.— i-'nnV and Floral Maga-
ornament their lanes and grounds can here see Zine.

Natural HisroRriND Science.

COMMUNICA riONS.

JUMPING BEANS OF MEXICO.

BY PROF. C. V. RILEY.

Mr. Riley exhibited certain seeds which pos-
sessed a hidden power of jumping and moving
about on the ta])le. He stated that he had
recently received them from Mr. G. W. Barnes,
of San Diego, Cal., and that they were generally
known by the name of Mexican Jumping Seeds.
They are prolxably derived from a tricoccous
euphorbiaceous plant. Each of the seeds meas-
ures about one-third of an inch, and have two
flat sides, meeting at an obtuse angle, and a
third broader, convex side, with a medial carina.
If cut open, each is found to contain a single fat,
whitish w.orm, which has eaten all the contents
of the seed and lined the shell with a delicate
carpet of silk. The worm very closely resem-
bles the common Apple Worm {Carpocapsa po-
monella , and, indeed, is very closely related, the
insect being known to science as Carpocapsa sal-
titans. It was first recorded by Westwood in
the Proceedings of the Ashmolean Society of
Oxford, in 1857 (t. 3, pp. lo7-S), and repeatedly
referred to under the name of Carpocnsap Dehai-
siana in the Annales of the French Entomolog-
ical Society for 1859. The egg of the moth is
doubtless laid on the yovmg pod which contains
the three angular seeds, and the worm gnaws
into the succulent seed, which, in after growth,
closes up the minute hole of entrance, just as in
the case of the common Pea Weevil (Bruchus
pisi). Toward the month of February the larva
eats a circular hole through the hard shell of its
habitation, and then closes it again with a little
plug of silk so admirably adjusted that the future
moth, which will have no jaws to cut with, may
escape from its prison. A slight cocoon is then
spun within the seed, with a passage-way leading
to the circular door ; and the hitherto restless
larva assumes the quiescent pupa state. Shortly
afterwards, the pupa works to the door, pushes
it open, and the little moth escapes. When ripe,
the shell is very light, and, as the worm occu-
pies but about one-sixth the enclosed space, the

slightest motion will cause the seed to rock from
one of the flat sides to the other. But the seed
is often made to jerk and jump, and, though this
has been denied by many authors, Mr. Riley had
had abundant proof of the fact, and had seen the
seed jerked several lines forward at a bound, and
raised a line or more from the surface on which
it rested. If the seed be cut, the worm will soon
cover up the hole with a transparent membrane
of silk ; and if two of the opposite angles be cut,
the movements of the worm can then be seen, if
the seed be held against the light. It then be-
comes evident that the jerking motion is con-
veyed by the worm holding fast to the silken
lining by its anal and four hind abdominal pro-
legs, which have very strong hook.s, and then
drawing back the forebody, and tapping the
j wall of its cell with the head, sometimes thrown
I from side to side, but more often brought directly
down as in the motion of a wood-pecker's head
when tapping for insects. In drawing back
the forebody the thoracic part swells, and
the horny thoracic legs are withdra^vn so
as to assist the jaws in receiving the shock of
the tap, which is very vigorous, and often given
at the rate of two a second, and for twenty or
more times without interruption. It is remark-
able that this, of all the numerous seed-inhabiting
Lepidopterous larva?, should possess so curious
a habit. The seed will move for several months,
because, as with most Tortricidous larvae, this
one remains a long time in the larva state after
coming to its grow^th and before pupating.

Mr. Barnes gives the following account of the
plant, received through Capt. Polhamus, of
Yuma, A. T. It seems to be called both Yerba
deflecha and Colliguaja by the Mexicans:

"Arrow-weed ( Yerba de flecha).— This is the
name the shrub bears that produces the triangu-
lar seeds that during six or eight months have a
continual jumping movement. The shrub is
small, from four to six feet in height, branchy,
and in the months of June and July yields the
seeds, a pod containing three to five seeds.
These seeds have each a little worm inside.
The leaf of the plant is very similar to that of

liU

TllK GARDENER'S MONTHLY

U"h\

the '(iarainl>iill«),' the only (linVrtMicc l)(Mn<^ in
the si/.i", tliis liciiiL^ a littli' laiiicr. It is iialfan
iiu'li in Umij^IIi and a (juartt-r of an iiuli in width,
a little more or less. The bark of the shrub is
jvsh-eolored,and the leaf is perfectly j^recn during
all the seasons. Hy merely stlrriui^ eotreo, or
any drink, with a small braneh of it, it acts as
anaetive ca'.iiartie. Takm in larije doses it is an
active poison, speedily eansini; death unless
counteracted by an antidote."

Mr. Itiloy stated that the seed of Tnmnriscus
was known to be moved by a Coleopterous larva
{Nnnodes tamarisci) that fed witliin it; and he
conehided i)y descri'bini^ and exhibiting a still
more wonderful jumpinLr property in a seed-like
body which may be observed in our own woods.
It is a little spherical seed-like gall produced in
larjjje numbers on the underside of tiie Post and
other oaks of the White Oak group. This gall
drops in larije quantities to the ground, and the
insect witlun can make it bound twenty times
its own length, the ground under an infested tree
being sometimes fairly alive with the mysterious
moving bodies. The noise made often resem-
bles the patttu'ing of rain. The motion is im-
parted by the insect in the pupa and not in the
larva state. He presented the following descrip-
tion of the gall, which may be known by the
name of Quercus saltatorious, the black tly which
issues from it having been described as Cynips
saltatorious by Mr. H. Edwards, of San Francis-
co, addressed to the Academy of Sciences, St.
Louis, Dec. 6th, 1877.

Gall of Cynips saltatorius. — Formed in
summer on the underside of the leaves of Quer-
cus obtusiloba, Q. mncrocarpa, and Q. alba, often
to the number of 1,000 on a single leaf: each
gall inserted in a deep cavity which causes, on
the upper surface, a bulging of a straw-yellow
color, irregularly sub-conical, with the top Hat-
tened or concave, and with a minute central
nipple, sometimes obsolete ; the galls becoming
detached and falling to the ground in autumn,
leaving a pale, fulvous, circular disc at the bot-
tom of the cavity. The gall has an average
diameter of 1 mm., and the color and
general appearance of a miiuature acorn —
the base being paler than the sides and conically
produced to the central point of attachment.
The apical portion is slightly constricted into a
deep purple-brown rim, and the top within this
rim is flat, with a small central nipple.

Received at difTerent times from M. W. Har-
rington, of Ann Arbor, Mich. ; from Irvin Arm-

strong, ofVevay, Tnd. ; froni X. B. Baldwin, of
Klgin, Ills., and from Win. II. Howard, of For-
svth. Mo.; also siillicicnlly ciminion in St. Louis
county.

EDITORIAL NOTES.

TiiK Pini.dsonn ok a Fiuitkil Stkaw-
I5KKUV. — Every one knows that some strawber-
ries bear more abundantly than others ; but few
could give any intelligent reason why. The
1 leading reason is, the capacity of a plant to stool
j or make crowns. When a strawberry plant goes
1 to rest in the Fall, it generally seems content with
! one good terminal eye ; but some varieties will
. make half a dozen or more. These nuiltiplied
j eyes seldom make good, strong stalks, throwing
; the fruit well up from the ground, ])ut have
j generally a number of smaller ones.

The Crescent seems one of this class, as we judge
by a plant sent us by Mr. Ezra Stokes. Mr. S.
says it is a last year's plant. It had ten of these
sub-crowns on it, and the first crop was in propor-
tion. This is why it is such an abundant bearer.
Of course, the reason why these crowns are so
multipled is another question; but we generally
have to go down a good many steps to get to
the bottom of the well in which truth lies. It
is a gain when we have successfully made one.

Geraniums AND Snakes.— AVe take the fol-
lowing from an exchange, but it would be \vorth
while en(|uiring how far away the snakes are
driven ? We have certainly seen the garter snake
within fifty feet of a Geranium bed :

" We lately read an account of a mining
locality m Calaveras county being infested with
snakes. In this connection we may observe that
the report is that every species of snake may be
permanently driven away from an infested place
by planting Geraniums. In .South Africa the
Caffir people thus rid their premises of snakes.
A missionary of South Africa had his parsonage
surrounded by a narrow belt of Geraniums,
which efTectually protected the residence from
any kind of snake. A few yards away from this
Geranium belt a snake would occasionally be
found. It is well known that the whole Gera-
nium genus is highlj- redolent of volatile oils —
lemon-scented, musk-scented, and peppermint-
scented. What, therefore, is a very pleasant
nose-gay for man is repugnant to the serpent
tribe."

It is hardly safe to take newspaper reports for

1878.

AND HORTICULTURIST.

215

pure science. How often, for instance, have we
been told tlaat the honey-bee in California never
stores honey, and there have been no end to
pretty theories " to account for the fact," built
on this report ; yet we find the following quiet
paragraph in a recent California paper :

•'Immense stores of honey were recently
found in the fissures of the rocks in the mountain
regions in California, by the workmen engaged
in blasting a roadway for the Southern Pacific
Railroad."

And we see by it that the story that bees do
mot stow away honey in California is all fudge.

SCRAPS AND QUERIES.

FllUITING OF WiSTAKIA SINENSIS. — Tlus little

■matter seems to have created considerable
interest. We are glad to have the following
corroborative experiences that it is not till the
vegetative forces have, in a measure, exhausted
themselves, that the reproductive follows and
fruit results. We have never known of a Wis-
taria fruiting while actively engaged in twining.
Only when some branches find nothing to cling
to, do they seem to think it time to think about
seeding. Of course it makes no ditlerence
whether these branches hang from a horizontal
iron rod or from a self-supporting stem. Branches
flower when actively engaged in twining ; that
is, when these branches are supported, and it
would be interesting to know from our corres-
pondents if any have ever been known to seed,
and if they have, whether or not some accidental
•circumstance, such as an injury to its bark,
which interfered with the vegetative force pro-
duced it ■?

In tlie meantime, we are glad to have these
•confirmatory notes from our friends. The first
is from Prof. Beal :

" Friend B. W. Steere : Thomas Meehan
■says that Chinese Wistaria, when supported,
grows amazingly, but is seedless. On the con-
trary, the self-supporting so-called 'Tree Wis-
tarias produce seeds abundantly, &c. What do
you say? I remember collecting seeds from
a vine on your house. Please write a sentence
■or two on this sheet anywhere, in pencil or
otherwise, and return. W. J. Beal,

Agr'l Col., Lansing, Mich."

B. W. Steere is an old reliable nurseryman of
^Michigan.

"W. J. Beal, Est. Friend: Our Wistaria,
which runs up a column of the verandah and
along an iron rod, «&c., in all 20 or 30 feet, has
borne seed abundantly for many years ; though
my recollection now is, that it did not seed
much, if any, for several years at first. Hence,
I conclude that mature age has more to do with
it than the manner of pruning or training. I
have had no experience in training it tree-fashion
but am unable to see why that course should
cause it to seed more freely. If the question
has any bearing on its propagation, I should say
the less seed the better, as the pods are not
ornamental, and it roots very easily from layers.
Very truly, B. W. Steere, Adrian, Mich."

The next is from Mr. W. C. Strong, of Brigh-
ton, Mass. :

"Your suggestion, as communicated to the
Gardener's Magazine, that the luxuriant vege -
tative growth of this vine when supported upon a
trellis is the cause of its barrenness, is suggestive
and worthy of consideration. It certainly seems
reasonable to suppose that the self-supporting
tree-form of training would check over-luxuri-
ance of growth, and give free circulation of light
and air, thus tending to fruitfulness. But I
should like to inquire how extensive are the ob-
servations in regard to fruitfulness in different
positions? I suppose we are agreed in the
opinion that this vine, as ordinarily trained to
porches and buildings, is profusely free-fiowering,
but rarely fruitful. Yet I know a vine in New-
ton, Mass., trained to a porch and luxuriant in
growth, which gives an annual crop of about a
peck of pods. Now, I would ask if instances of
fruitfulness are numerous when trained in the
tree-form ? Not having observed such instances,
I had concluded that we were to regard this as a
peculiarity of certain seedlingi. It is well-
known that many seedlings set their fruit much
more profusely than others, c. g-., the Vicar
Pear much more than the Duchesse d'Angouleme.
Those which are decidedly shy in setting fruit,
although profuse in flowering, are rare excep-
tions, among which as conspicuous examples
may be mentioned the Wistaria sinensis and the
Pyrus japonica. And I have thought that this
peculiarity tended to its own perpetuation. We
are forced to propagate this peculiarity by layers
and cuttings and roots. Seeds by which to ob-
tain new and fruitful varieties are not to be
found, and hence we multiply the individual
variety by artificial methods and confirm all its

lilC)

/•///', (;.ia'De,v/':a's monthly

\piy^

ju'fuliurilits. The Dix Wax will lie Aw in
friiitinsj, however treiiled, vmlil (lie ciid of lime.
Bu( a seedlini; from it may rival the lJu(Vum in
proiUietiveness I now reeall yonr incpiiry nnuh'
several yearn airo, Mr. Editor, where 1 obtained
Tuy P} rn.>< Jaiionita seed. My rejily is. that I
have :i seediini: Pyrns whiih frnit.s abundantly,
jrivinj; two or three bushels of fruit annually.
Doubt le.s.s you and yttur readers have observed
that some varieties of Tyru.<< \. arc moderately
fruitful, but 1 think this instanee of re;j;ular
futility is marked, and not dependent upon
position or motle of training;. ]Jut we shall ap:ree.
of eourse. that position and trainiufx may izreatly
alVect the vijior and ])roduetiveness of all fruits.
My point is to recognize individual peculiarities,
so far as they may be traced.'"

Kndiijam E t)F Skeds oe Tendeij Things.
— ^Nothing IS more interesting in botanical gar-
dening than the fact that some plants, which
will be destroyed by the lirst white Irost, will
resist extreme degrees of cold. T. D. 11., Phila-
delphia, contributes the following in relation to
this : This Spring the following plants came
up from self-sown seed exposed all winter. I
do not know whether this is unusual, but you
cannot expect to get wheat without chaff:
Castor Oil, Walloon Vine, Four O'clock."

Abnormal Growth of a Potato. ^II. C.
Y., 3502 Spring Garden street, Philadelphia,
sends us an old Potato with a new one growing
in the middle of it from "a number of similar
instances in his cellar." Though rare.it is occa-
sionally seen. The "sprout" of the potato has
simply taken a turn in towards the center,
instead of out and away as is usual. On cutting
this open the thread connecting the young tuber
■with the outside was very well shown.

Japan wrapping, around Lily Bulbs.—
T. S., Brooklyn, writes: "There was lately in
New York a sale of imported Jajjan Lilies, such
as Auratum, Krameri, &c. These bulbs on
opening the cases were packed, not in sawdust
as usual, but in a coating of what I took to be
clay, cow-dung and a something which kept
them as sound as if they had just been packed.
In order to ascertain what that stuff really is,
I send you with this some of it in a little tin box,
and would be pleased if you could have it
analyzed and tell your readers the parts of com-
position, and if you consider it good for shipping
Lilies and such like bulbs. One of my Califor-

nia trit'iids asks me how I llnm^bl be ccuUf
pat k iiest bis Lilium pardalimim, and yoiir iiii-
>\\ir to llir above will not only oblii:e liini. but
many of yonr ii adc is wlio ship or send bulbs for
long distances. About Trillinms, he thinks ii
would be best to have them matured, and then
ship them dry; while my ther)ry is, to take th(^
bulbs up when and where found, transplant
them in the garden and ship them in Fall,,
when they show .signs of fresh starting, say end
of September. About Rhododendron occidcn-
tilis, he says : 'I now believe that every piece of
the crow'n with a shoot or stem will grow, if
shipped perfectly dry, in a dormant state, from
November to February. A number of the
shoots I ])ut in the ground when I set out the
R.'s here started leaf buds, but I find no roots
on those I have examined as yet.' If you con-
sider the answering of these questions of general
interest, I would like you to mention them in
your paper."

[We have taken pains to examine the coating
carefully, and find it is nothing but manure of
some herbivorous animals and clay, very finely
worked up together ; just the sort of stuff, in
essence, as our forefathers used for grafting
before wax compositions came into general use.
—Ed. G. M.]

Remedy fok the Colorado Potato
Beetle. — A Philadelphia correspondent writes :
'"The Potato bug has again begun its ravages.
Cannot the Academy of Natural Sciences inves-
tigate its habits and devise some cheap and sure
remedy? A soapy compound of crude petro-
leum might answer. A strong decoction of
Tobacco stems has no effect — I have tried it. It
i is a very important matter, and well worthy of
your notice."

[There is really nothing needed beyond Paris
green. In the writer's own experience, it is
mixed with very fine ashes, in the proportion of
twenty to one. A Tomato-can with holes in the
bottom like a grater, Avith the cover on the top
and a long i)ole to keep it from the operator, is
all the machine. An acre can be dusted in a
few hours at a trifling expense. The writer's
crop swarmed with the vermin as soon as the
plants were above ground. The dose has been
twice applied'. At this writing (June 15th) it is
impossible to see a more promising looking lot of
plants. It is a poison, of course, but in careful
hands there need be no more trouble with it than
with guii-powder or lucifer matches.— Ed. G. M.J

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

•1\\

Literature, Travels i Personal Notes.

COMMUNICA TIONS.

SCRAPS FROM A BRAZILIAN JOURNAL.

BY E. s. ija>;l», jk.
It is ditRcult for one whose winters have always
been spent in a northern clime to realize that these
glorious, balmy da} s are December and Januar}'.
In front of the large open veranda upon which I
write, is a large orange tree loaded with ripen-
ing fruit and just bursting into blossom. Nearer,
a huge Calabush tree, Crescentea Cvjete, hangs
full of the immense green fruit, showing most
conclusively that thoutih nature has placed the
pumpkin on the ground, and the acorn on the
tree, it was not from ignorance how to suspend
the pumpkin. Plants that with us are purely
greenhouse specimens, here grow into great
bushes, and are covered with a wealth of flowers.

One of the surest ways of becoming familiar
with the fruits of a country is to visit the markets.
Here (in Para) the market opens at day-light ;
so immediately after cotfee we walked to the
lower market, a long, low, ambling structure,
and not especially clean ; but the display was
most interesting. Although not the season of
fruit, there was no lack, and great piles of
oranges, baskets of limes, bananas, such as one
never sees out of the tropics, and many other
fruits left us in doubt which to try first.

The oranges are of medium size, generally
dark colored or greenish, very sweet and very
cheap ; a few cents will buy a basketfull. To
tliose who have tasted oranges fresh from the
tree no words of description are necessary ; to
those who have not, no words will convey an
idea. The banana probably suffers less from
transportation than any other tropical fruit, but
there is a delicate flavor to those ripened under
a tropical sun which those we get in temperate
zones never attain. There were many varieties,
generally 5"ellow, though the large I'ed were not
uncommon, and there were many of the long
slender yellow, but the greater proportion were
very small varieties, about as long as the middle
finger, and deliciously sweet and melting. The
limes, Cifrvs limetia, were small, round, bright
yellow, and very fragrant ; strange to say lemons
are not grown ; I have not seen one in Brazil ;
I was told that the climate was too hot, but can
hardly believe it. Leaving the market we
walked along the quay, shaded by a magnificent
line of palms (Oreodoxa regia) and pjvssed the

custom house, within a stone's throw of which
we found large clumps of t"he showy orange milk-
weed (Asclepius curassaviica) which we grow in
greenhouses. In a narrow ditch near at hand a
light purple Pontederia was in full bloom, and
some tall Colocasias had a showy, but ill-smell-
ing white flowers. A few steps further there was
plenty of a beautiful white Pancratium or more
properly n3-menocallis, a tangle of liglit purple
Lantana, and a wilderness of strong growing
Convolvulus with a light purple flower. The tall
Assai palms (Euterpe caulis) are very beautiful,
and the strinss of purple fruit very ornamental.
This fi'uit, whicli we saw in great quanties in the
market, is about the size of a marble ; when ripe
the purple pulj) is rubbed oft" of the seed In water.
is sweetened and drank as a beverage or taken
with farina. In appearance it resembles elder-
berry tea ; to most tastes it is not at first agree-
able, but one soon learns to like it. Some tall
fences were a mass of bright scarlet cypress
vines (Quamoclit coccinea) the air was heavy
with the fragrance of masses of jasmine (Jasmi-
num Sambac). Castor oil beans (Ricinus) grew
into trees aud orange Lantanas formed huge
bushes. * * *

We visited the old Botanic Garden, which has
for years been neglected and allowed to grow to
a mass of foliage. There were many large
palms, but all Brazilian species ; a hedge of the
pink and white Clerodendron in full bloom and'
scenting the air ; Cape Jasmines (Gardenia),
and Taberna?montana coronaria, large enough
to sit under. A large pond was full of
Pontederia crassipes in full bloom, the tall
spikes of light purple flowers are very orna-
mental.

All through the garden and by the road sides.
Caladiums in many varieties, with bright leaves,
were weeds.

There were tall Papaw trees (Carica citri-
formis) full of yellow fruit which is edible, but
insipid. It is called by the Bvazilians, "Mamma
or Papa," as the plant is dioeious. There was
also a tall tree of Plumiera rubra in abundant
bloom. * * * *

On a second visit to tlwj market we found a
most meagre display of vegetables-, tomatoes
about the size of a large walnut, a few small
turnips, cabbage leaves, for in the tropics cab-
bage does not head ; onions, little bunches of
Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) and a profusion

' ' ! S

TUh: (;.iA'i)/-:\/:h-s momhi.y

{/'*iy,

•of small bright, various ri)lorod, i)i>i)[)ors. TIuMf
were lar<;e bundles of Purslane which is used as
a salad ; but even this, with us, pestiferous weed,
does not here jjrow with the luxuriance which so
annoy us in our northern irardens.

There were larj,'e (juanties of .Sesuviuni pertu-
lacastruni covered wiih purplish llowers, which
seemed to be in <jreat tlemand as a pot-herb. Of
the squash family, which I expected to (indwell
represented, these was only a small, crooked,
rich sijuash, and a heap of little yellow i)unip-
kins. There were musk and watermelons, but
very poor, sudi as in Boston would not be thou<ihl
tit to bring to market. They are very inferior
in flavor, but are considered great delicacies.

Large baskets of shrimps, both alive and
cooked, seemed to meet with ready sale ; long
strings of a small, dark colored turtle were
wailing for the epicures of Para ; negroes were
buying very unpleasant looking lish ; and in one
stall a huge alligator was being cut into sections
to suit customers.

The fruit market was most attractive; oranges,
limes, and bananas, in any (juantity ; huge piles
of Plantains (Musa paradisiaca) which, although
palatable and often eaten raw, is far better
cooked, and is prepared in many vyays, all good ;
and bright fruits of various palms, including
huge baskets of Assai.

Mangoes (Mangiferalndica) were seen at every
stand, but they are not a popular fruit, having
the reputation of causing fever, and a taste for
them must be acquired, as the Havor of sweet
resin or turpentine is not at first pleasant. The
fruit of the cocoa (Theobroma cacoa), the seeds
of which form the cocoa of commerce, is seen in
considerable quantites ; it is orange colored,
pentagonal, about nine inches long, and contains
numerous seeds, bedded in a white pulp : from
this pulp, mixed with water, an agreeable acid'
drink is prepared. Pineapples were delicious,
the whole pulp melts away in the mouth, and
one's only regret is that frequent indulgence in
pineapples is not considered prudent. Little
heaps of Sapodilla, S. achras, and of S. mam-
mosa, more properly Lucunia, attracted my at-
tention, but I was unable to discover an edible
quality to warrant the reputation they have ob-
tained; they seemed to my uneducated taste
neither pleasant to the eye nor good for food ;
the seeds are shining brown, and very pretty.
Of the Alligator Pea or " Avocado" (Persea
gratissima) I can speak more favorably. The
fruit IS pear-shaped, about seven inches long

with a (lark green or purph' skin; the pulp is
liiiii, liuttery,and is eaten with sugar, spice, lime
juice or pepper and salt. At first it is not un-
pleasant, and one soon becomes very fond of it.
Tiie Flower Market was jioorly stocked; a few
yellow chrysanthemums, some jierpetual roses,
bunches of jasmine, and some while pinks, com-
posed th»' assortment. A white pink was
od'ered me for twelve cents as very rare ; the
same money would have bought a peck measure
of Jasmine, or three dozen oranges.

I must leave for another letter a description
of the gardens and orchards of iSenor Serreira, the
voyage up the Amazon, the trees, the climbers,
the llowers which fairly bewilder me by their
\ ariety and beauty ; the climate which is the
perfected of climates, neither too warm nor too
cold; the orchids of the Upper Amazon and
the yrand Victoria regia.

EDITORIAL NOTES.

EuROPKAN Notes, by the Editor. — No.

11. — It is singular that with all the criticisms
indulged in on Kings and Queens and Nobles,
the world is largely indebted to them for very
much of which it is proud ; and this is espe-
cially true of the world in regard to some of the
finest monuments that have been dedicated to
rtowers and gardeniqg generallj'. The beautiful
gardens I have given the reader a brief glimpse
of — Le Jardin des Plantes — was in a great mea-
sure the idea of King Henry IV., who seems to
have been a ruler who was actuated by a sincere
desire to se«k above all the happiness and wel-
fare of his people. Mociuet, a French traveler
of that time, had brought a collection of foreign
plants on his return, which were cultivated in
the garden of the Louvre by the 5'oung lad who
exhibited a strong taste for gardening, and at
that early age he conceived the idea of drawing
the French people nearer to friendship and
brotherhood with foreign nations by the culture
of foreign flowers. The idea developed and
grew till these gardens were ultimately placed
on a permanent foundation by Louis XIII.

Then there are the Royal Gardens at Kew;
but suppose we now leave France and take a
look at this famous establishment before bring-
ing the reader back to American shores.

I had about written thus far when the morn-
ing's mail brings ray usual bag full, and opening
one of the book packages is a pretty volume in
green and gold. " Ilistoria Filicum, by John

1878.]

AND HOKTICULTURIST.

219

Smith, ex-curator of the Royal Gardens, Kew ;"
and on the fly-leaf " Mr. Thomas Meehan, with
the kind regards and rememberances of his
old master, the Author." It brought to my
mind more vividly than did my recent visit, the
Kew of some thirty-five years ago. The pupils
of that day are scattered, and many of them
gone ! Seeman's bones are in the swamps of
Central America, and Mclvor's among the
hills of the East Indies ; but the "old master-' still
lives, though probably much beyond his eightieth
year. About twenty acres comprised all in that
day. The kitchen garden was still walled in, and
the pleasure grounds fenced off; still in a measure
Royal private grounds. Sir William J. Hooker
had but comparatively recently been appointed
to the directorsliip, and my " old master" to the
curatorship. Dr. Lindley had been strongly
pressed for the directorship, but Sir William
obtained the place. It was fortunate for the
world that it was ; for Botany and Horticulture
all over the world has been moved by Kew,
and I am quite sure that Kew owes more of its
present famous magniticerce to Sir William
Hooker than the outside world has the least idea
of. No one questions his devotion to science ;
but he knew that science, after all, has to be sup-
ported by the people, and he was willing that
the people should have benefits at Kew as well
■tis scientists. The Economic Museum grew out
of this desire. Specimens of those vegetable
products useful in the arts and sciences were
arrayed for public inspection ; florists' flowers,
flower beds, and pleasant drives and walks were
not forgotten ; and, while science found all it ex-
pected, scientific instruction was so blended with
floral pleasure that the people were not jealous.
All were satisfied, and peer and peasant, the
learned and the unlearned, were proud of the gar-
dens, and only too glad to see them receive
support. This is how matters stood when I was
with my " old master." I was not surprised to
find that Kew had grown ; anything so wisely
planned must grow ; but 1 was surprised to find
it now a giant, so to speak — 400 acres !

Of all my haunts in the Old World, I was sure
1 should know Kew. In my mind I could see
the little old tavern where the stage coach
stopped, when a lad of 17, I was tipped out with
his trunk in order tf) run a two years' course of
«tudy here. I was sui-e I should recognize the lit-
tle old village houses in which my fellow students,
keeping themselves on ten shillings a week, had
to sleep in the garrets, and, as they used playfully

to say, to lie in their beds and study astronomy
through the chinks in the tile-roofs. TherAwas no
doubt I could go to the exact spot where we used
to gather the rare grass, Cynodon dactyton, and
exchange our treasure for herbarium specimens
with other botanists elsewhere. Above all, I
should know the old Cactus House, to the care of
which I was banished for many months for refus-
ing, boy-like, to " peach on other fellows" who
had broken the rules. But I could see nothing of
any of these, and I could no more tell that I had
ever known these gardens by anything I could
see than if I had not been alive thirty-three years
before. Prof. Thistleton Dyer and Mr. Nicholson
kindly received me. and they had probably
not then been born •, and though Mr. John Smith
was still curator, it was not the Mr. John Smith,
my master, of the olden time. Mr. Smith, with a
kindness I shall not soon forget, insisted in per-
sonally escorting me through the grounds,
though the numerous calls on his attention
leave him scarcely any time to properly per-
form duties which must be done. I fear he
found me for some time a dull companion, for I
am sure with old remembrances crowding on
me, I never in all my journeyings felt so much
like a stranger in a strange land. At last we
came to the arboretum, and there at least were
the old trees, old acquaintances, just as I had
pictured them in my miud, and apparently just
the same as they ever were. I suppose they
must have grown some in all that time, but it
did not seem so. I measured the Turkey Oak,
15 feet in girth, and the spread of its head was
90 feet ; and the old Robinia— om- Yellow Locust,
was 12 feet 10 inches around ; of course they
could not have been so large when I first saw
them.

Our American Oaks seem to do very well at
Kew, and I fancy do most of our American
trees. The largest Liriodendrons I have seen
any where in England were here. It would be
useless to attempt a detailed description of a
huge place like this. There are houses for
Pahns,for Ferns, for Orchids, for Aquatics, for
New Holland plants, for Succulents, and for
innumerable other classes of plants, not all
down in one bunch to save room and work, as in
a commercial establishment, but with some
view to landscape gardening eft'ect. In this
respect the great Palm House, of course, stands
preeminent. I think it must be somewhere
about 200 feet long by 70 feet wide, and there
are galleries along which you can walk and

''•'( t

/•///•; C'.IA'/U \\/:A' S MO.\ riiiA

[.Ac

be in r.iiu'iiir Cio braiidu's of (ho tnt's planted in
tilt' onrlli, and l(H>k down on llic fronds nf (he
Palms and I-Vrns i)i>)<i\\ . ( )m(' dno nol know liow
bt>an(it\il (licsc (liiiius art- till lie has a chance to
view in llii< niannt r on these t'nll-m-own thini:s.
Thon' was a Dicksonia antarctiea. an Australian
tree Fern, whoscni'st-likefronds, I reinonihi-rjiad
a dianu'tcr across the bead of (•ii.ditt'on feet.
" "Why cannot we have bouses like this in our
country ?" Ask the frost kinj;. This bu<;e pile
only takes .>ix boilers to boat it. F snp])ose,said
I to Mr. Sniitb, " it must take a 111 lie lortune in
coal to warm it." " Yes/" be said, " we use .300
tons of coke."' " Do yon have it very cold in
the Winiiiy"" •' Yes, the thermometer gener-
ally uoes ilown to twenty, and sometimes to
lifteen below freezing point." And we coubl
have bouses, too, if this were all. It would cost
ns as nnicii in one year as it costs the Kew
bouse in ten.

The young students are much better cared for
than '* when we were young." A laboratory is
just finished, in wliicb lectures by Baker, Hems-
ley, Brown, and others, on plant life are given,
and every convenience for the young men to ex-
periment in liotanieal problems are afforded.
There is a library of I'OO volumes at their com-
mand: and besides all this, the w^onderful abun-
dance of living plants from all quarters of the
globe.

Are the young men of the present time any
better for all these facilities? 1 cannot say.
Moore tells us of

" Love, all defying love, who sees
Mo gain iu tiophies wou wiili case."

And I am not sure but it is as true of love of
one's profession as of the gentler passion. I
can only say that Mr. Smith thinks they are
immensely benefited, and that he sees an
increasing desire on the part of the students to
avail themselves of the increased advantages.
It is wonderful how popular these gardens are
with the people. The average attendance dur-
ing the past year was 5000 a day. The heaviest
visits are on Sundays and during the Summer
mouths ; these may be 18,000. As many as
25,000 have been there of a single Sunday after-
noon. Notwithstanding these immense crowds,
Mr. Smith says no serious damages have ever
been done. Ten guards over tliese four hundred
acres, keep in good order this huge mass of
people.

But I feel that I am tresspassing on the reader's
good nature. Who wants to hear stories a year

old y 1 know there are a few partial friends^
\\ ho ari' pleased, but there are thousands froni
wlidiii I do not iiear. and who must naturally
\\\>\\ n 1 e I o s 1 o I ) .

1 1 is strange how wf can travel in these daynl.
I iiad liarely passed out of range of the odor of
the eglantine in the Old World, before, from the
( apes of the Delaware, the sweet snxdl of the
Indian corn was wafted over our good steamer;,
•nul I nuist confess it came as gratefully as
incense to a heaven-thirsting soul. I never
thought Indian corn so truly sweet, and yet the
poems are all dedicated to the " IIawthorn*s
blossom!" There, on the 5th of .June, in the
"Pennsylvania," I lost sight of America, and
here on the same spot, on the .30th of July, the
"Ohio" bad me back. I only ran across for a
little rest. It was my desire to .steal away and'
get back, and nobody be the wiser therefor but
myself. But I had the misfortune to "get in
the papers," and this and other work has been
the consequence. However, if 1 have interested
the reader, I shall be happy.

Select Plants Eligible for Industrial.
Culture in Australia. — By Baron Ferd. Von-
Muller. There are few men who have worked'
so hard and so successfully as Baron Von Mul-
ler to make Botany practically useful to the
Australians. The present work of near 300
pages is the fifth of' a series contributed to, and'
published by, the Acclimation Society. It makes
the people of the country at once acquainted'
with all that is known of the value of plants in-
troduced into the colony. For instance, the fol-
lowing note on our Kentuck} Coflee: "Gymnocla-
dus Canadensis, Lamarck. The Chicot, a North
American timber and avenue tree, attaining a
height of eighty feet, allied to the Gleditschia^
but, as its name implies, thornless. The wood
is strong, tough, compact, fine-grained, and as-
sumes a rosy color."

Australia should feel proud that it has so
eminent a worker engaged in her interest as
Baron Muller.

Dr. Charles Pickering— the naturalist of
the Wilkes' exploiing exhibition, and after whom,
Pickeringia was named, died at Boston on the-
8th of March, aged 73 years. He was a cotem-
porary of Thomas Nuttall, and many of the fact&
given in the biography of Mr, Nuttall in our
second volume, were contributed by him. He
I was a liberal-spirited man. The arrangement
and indexing of -the general Herbarium of the-
; Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia^.

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST

221

involving a great sacrifice of time and labor,
was the sole work of Pickering and Dr. Bridges,
who still lives.

John Freed. — The many visitoi's to the
great Centennial Exhibit will remember the
superb collection, of fruit, and among the several
excellent commissioners in charge, Mr. John
Freed. Of his earnest devotion to the interests
of the exhibition, the present writer had excel-
lent opportunity to know. No man's exhibit,
small or large, was permitted to be overlooked
by juries or the public if he could help it, and
vet there was never the slightest eftbrt to bias
the judgment to be made on the exhibits. The
Canadian papers bring to our notice the death of
this good man in the sixty-fifth year of his age,
and we can join in their view that Canadian
Horticulture meets a severe loss in his death.

GAEDENiNa Longevity. — An old lady, the
wife of a gardener, died in England recently, {
aged 105, and it is boasted that she had drank
•deeply of whiskey every day for twenty
years previous. It is generally believed that
only for the whiskey she might have lived to a
much greater age. Here is the case of an Irish
gardener, of whom nothing about whiskey is
said, and so it is presumed lie did not imbibe
freely, who outlived the poor old lady :
jSIr. Thomas Johnson, gardener to Colonel
Battersb}', county Meath, for sixty years, died
lately at the age of 106. He retained all his
faculties to the last. Longevity in his case ap-
pears to have been heriditary, for his father, it is
said, died at a still riper age, namely 115 years.

Mr. J. H. McAfee. — Formerly Professor of
Horticulture in the Iowa Agricultural College,
died at Columbus, Nevada, on the 17th of March,
in his forty-fourth year. He was particularly iden-
tified with the progress of timber culture in our
country.

Synopticai. Flora of the United States.
— Many years ago Torrey and his pupil, Asa
Gray, commenced the Flora of the United States ;
but by the time the work had reached the Com-
.positai or Aster-like plants, the boundaries of
the United States had so expanded that for this
and other reasons, the work had to stop. Torrey
is now no more; but Dr. (jrray still active,
though advanced in life, his continued the
preparations for a great work, and which is now,
we believe, nearly completed. A part of it is
now issued, and the rest will soon follow. This
,part starts from where the old work of Torrey

and Gray left off, and is, therefore, the second
part of volume first ; an excellent idea under the
circumstances, especially as Watson's Bibliogra-
phy, noticed last month, gives all the references
to what part first would cover.

It is to be hoped that Professor Gray will be
spared yet many years to see the full completion
of what will be a magnificent contribution to
American Botany. It is advertised at six dol-
lars, but we paid but five for our copy from Mr.
John IL Redfield, of the Philadelphia Academy
of Natural Sciences, who by purchasing a large
quantity, has given his friends the benefit of
what commission his work would be entitled to.

The Native Flowers and Ferns of the
United States. — By Thomas Meehan. Illus-
trated by chromo-Uthographs,bv L. Prang & Co.,
Boston. The editor of this journal— the author
of the above work, cannot, of course, say any-
thing of its value — this he shall leave to his co-
temporaries ; but he may be pardoned for saying
why it was undertaken, and what he hopes to
accomplish. It has always been the aim of his
life to aid in spreading intelligence among the
whole people. Twenty years ago, before the
Gardener's Monthly was thought of, the
existing Horticultural magazines appealed only
to the wealthier classes. It was thought some-
thing might be done for Horticulture and gene-
ral intelligence among a ciass that could not
subscribe for higher-priced papers. Thus a
magazine at two-thirds or t hree- fourths less \n price
than any then existing was projected, and the
Gardener's Monthly was born. There was
no intention of competing with any other maga-
zine, but to work in a field wholly its own.
Conscious of innumerable imperfections in his
ability to manage it, he yet believes it has done
some good— at any rate, all the good he ever
hoped for it.

The same feeling induces the present attempt.
Botanical works are abundant; but it seems to
him there is yet room for a cheap woik for the
people. There are thousands who want to know
something about wild flowers, who, when they
are attracted by some wild waif of Flora, are
interested in its history in all its relations to
man, but who have not the time, money or
opportunities to investigate the subject* Could
not something cheap be prepared for these
people? This work is the answer. Four colored
plates and sixteen pages of letter-press for fifty
cents. Can we do more? What our critical
friends may have to say of the work we cannot,

TJIE (JARni:.\ElvS MOXIHLV

U"iy>

of course, at this writiiii:, tell. It is Just pos-
sible some will siiow tliat if the work had bi-eii
five dollars instead of fifty cents, much better
plates or better work could have been <:iven ;
that if tlu' author had more intelli{j;ence it would
have been better done ; that if he had not blun-
dered here or blundered (here it would have
been nearer perfection ; that if the artist had
only seen tliis or seen that he would have made
a more accurate representation, or that the
lithographer should have put more color here
or les> there in order to have done just tin'
right thing.

Pi-rhajis no one is more conscious of all this
than the editor himself. Had he hesitatwd on
these scores, as probably so many have before
him, the work would never have been begun. It
would have been much more to his taste if some
gentleman of means, greater accomplishments,
and more time to spare than he had, should have
undertaken it. If some such a one so well fitted
for the task could have been induced to take
it up, the public would probably have had a much
more complete work.

IJut as the fact was, no one else would under-
take a people's work of this magnitude, so
the present editor tried it. Imperfect as it
may be, he yet hopes to improve as he pro-
gresses; and in the meantime he feels sure that
he will have taken an intelligent pleasure into
thousands of homes.

Our Native Flowers. — It is pleasant to see

so much attention being given to hardy herba-
ceous plants. We have before us a list wholly
devoted to the natives varieties, by Mr. \\.
Wheeler, of JJoston, !Mas8. We believi- the
time will come when mere bedding plants will
not be all that the tiower garden comes to.

The RrRAL New Yorkeu. — We are glad to
note by an increase of size in the Rural Kern
Yorker, substantial signs of prosperity. The
Agricultural Press of the country has severely
sulfered b\ the general dejiression of the last few
years, and it is pleasant to note this lirst stej) in
prosperity, especially as the Rural New Yorker
deserves all the success it seems to gain.

The American Aoriculti'rist.— A few
weeks ago we received a prospectus of "The
Country Home," to be started by E. II. Libby
and W. R. Beckwith, and we have now another,
announcing that Mr. I.ibby will in future he the
managing editor of the Americnn Agriculturist,
and Mr. Beckwith the Treasurer of the Orange
Judd Company. Mr. Judd is still to be the
President of the company. We understand from
the circular that Dr. Thurber is to continue; his
relations with the paper, which all will be glad
to hear. The Agriculturist has been of im-
mense service to American Agriculture, and
I has never shown the slightest signs of decrepi-
tude. It will be h£trd for the new managers to
1 make it better than it has been, but we wish
them every success in the endeavor.

Horticultural Societies.

EDITORIAL NOTES.

Centennial Exhibition of 1876.— The fol-
lowing is the report of Thomas Meehan, the
Secretary of Group 30, giving, according to the
rules of the Exhibition, a review of the progress
of the century from the standpoint of a judge at
the Exhibition, as just published by the Com-
mission :

The Judges in the department of Pomology,
in reviewing their work for the season, would
observe that they were called on unexpectedly
to fill file office, and had not the opportunity
which the Judges of the other groups had of con-
templating their work months in advance, and
the advantages which time always gives for
reflection on one's duties.

No provision had been made for Judges in

this department, and it was not till fruit had
actually appeared on the tables at the Exhibi-
tion that the gentlemen who subsecpiently
accepted the honor offered them were invited to
serve. These were Messrs. W. L. Sbafler, A.
W. Harrison and Thomas Meehan, of Philadel-
phia; Edwin Satterthwaite, of Jenkintown,
Pennsylvania ; Josiah Iloopes, of West Chester^
Pennsylvania; and AVilliam Parry, of Cinna-
minson. New Jersey. These gentlemen served
cf>ntinuously from the 25th of May till the close
of the Exhibition ; the perishable nature of the
products requiring regular attendance. No one
of them gave less than an average of one full
day a week to the work ; some gave two, and in
the case of others two and three days a week on
the average of the whole season were given.
During one week they were reinforced by Mr.

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

223-

Parker Earle, of Cobden, Illinois ; Mr. Yellow- and preserving apples which we have gained of
ley, of Canton, Mississippi; Mr. Suel Foster, of late years. The Apple has proved itself to be
Muscatine Iowa; and Mr. T. T. Lyon, of i better adapted to diverse climates and conditions

Michigan ; the latter gentleman kindly remain-
ing of his own free will another week at the
work. On one occasion they had the benefit of
the services of Mr. Thomas P. James, of Cam-
bridge, Massachusetts, a leading officer of the

than any other kind of fruit. We had fine
exhibits from Owen's Sound in the North, to
North Carolina in the South, and from most of
the States north of the Potomac to Oregon.
The Canadian apples, as a rule, are not as large

American Poniological Society. In addition to j as those from other sections of the continent,
fruits proper, they were asked to take oversight but are superior to most others in brilliancy of
of field and garden vegetables ; colored plates of 1 coloring, and often in de.licacy of fiavor. The
fruits and vegetables ; wax and other models of | apples of Oregon, on the other hand, surprise by
fruits and flowers; fruit trees; cereals, where 1; their large dimensions. Usually fruit loses,
they were the growth of the fall of 187t) ; and I somewhat in flavor with an increase of size in
the leguminous products of many countries. In I these far Western States ; but the Apples of
many of these classes only those exhibits were \ Oregon are exceptions to this rule, if, indeed,,
examined of which listl were handed in, or at- I such a rule may be considered of undoubted
tention directed personally thereto by the De- i accuracy. Kansas and Nebraska raise remark-

partment of Awards ; some other groups having
felt justified in taking up portions of the exhibits ;
but in the classes of fruits and vegetables the
Judges can say that there was no article placed
on the regular Centennial tables, however

ably large apples ; so large and so clear of mil-,
dew and stains as to attract universal attention..
The high color which marks the ^\ pple in more
northern latitudes is in a meausure wanting in
them. Iowa exhibited excellent fruit; not, per-

small, but received their careful examination ; j haps, quite so large on the average as the two
and all the articles that were displayed in any
other part of the grounds received the same at_
tention, when in anyway they received a knowl-
edge of their existence. It is believed that

before-named States, but with an increase of
color and flavor. Michigan Apples are not, on
the whole, remarkable for extra size, but ia
beauty and excellent flavor equal any raised

nothing was overlooked. Over three thousand \ anywhere in the United States. As illustrating
exhibits were examined and a large number 1 tlie excellent nature of the soil and climates for
noticed critically in the weekly reports ; and of j ^PPle-culture, very instructive exhibits were
all these, two hundred and twenty-five had special ! "^^^^ by Maine, New Hampshire, Connecticut,
pointsof excellence warranting recommendation i Vermont, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, Dela-
for awards. . I ware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina,,

In reviewing the exhibits, the apple deserves j Ohio» Indiana, Wisconsin, Illinois, as well as
the most distinguished consideration^ Among the States previously named. The magnificent
the first exhibits of the season were apples | display from North Carolina, from a single indi-
which had been preserved through the winter to ! vidual, Mr. Natt Atkinson, gave an excellent
the end of May, in the fruit-house of N. Hellings I knowledge of the superiority of the mountain
& Bro., of Niles, Michigan; and of others pre- i region of that State for apple-culture. The
served in ordinary cellars of the fruit-growers, i gi"eat progress we have made in early apples
sent to the Exhibition by the Michigan Pomo- ! particulary was well illustrated in the first part
logical Society and the Iowa State Horticultural j of the apple season, by nearly two hundred
Society. These were in great variety, and testi- | named kinds from the orchard of Dr. John A.
fied admirably to the perfection to which the art j Warder, of Cincinnati, Ohio,
of keeping fruits over the ordinary season has j (To be Continued )

been brought. Scarcely had these excellent ! Pennsylvania Hortict'ltural Society.
contributions been made before we were surprised ' Three years ago this Society inaugurated a
by an exhibit of nearly one hundred varieties of j system of giving a reception once ayearin June,

Apples from the colony of Victoria, in Australia,
Such an exhibit would have been impossible a
hundred years ago, and for it steam must have
the chief credit. But this alone would not have

to the citizens of Philadelphia, and on the third
annual one, just held, over five thousand per-
sons were entertained, and all were delighted.
The florists of Philadelphia added to the interest

been sufficient without the knowledge of packing by admirable specimens of floral woi'k, and the

THE GARDENER'S MOXIIH.V

[July.

•wivi's niul (hiimhto's of tho l('a(1iii<:j niciuhcrs
rivalled fhcin by the charms of their tables.
Some new fruits, Roses, and rare plants were
also exhil)ited, but the chief plcasin'c was in the
ipleasant social intercourse.

It is (]uite evident, that, tlu)U;,'li Philadelphia
lias <Trown so as to Ofcupy one iunidred scjuare
miles of ground, and brick, and mortar, has
banished the best old-time frardens to twenty
miles and more from its center, where the grand
hall is situated, Horticulture is still deeply
■rooted in the hearts of the Philadelphians, and
there is room for its old-time glory if only the
genius caii be discovered to adapt the changed
•circumstances to this old and permanent love.
Secretary Harrison is wonderfully successful in
•keeping up a full list of members; it is for those
ivho are more practically interested in Horti-
culture to turn the advantages he holds together
lor them to Horticulture's practical account.

Geohgia State Hotiticultukal Society. —
Proceedings at a second session held at Macon,
August, 1876. This is entirely devoted to fruits,
'but gives a great deal ofinformation about them,
"which we think was little known to anybody.
The new society seems in a prosperous condition.

Western New York Horticultural So-

•CIETY. — From . Secretary's name does

not appear in the report ; but whoever he may
lie, he has had an arduous task, and one very well
performed from all appearance. Mr. P. Barry
ds President.

Maryland HortT'Cultural Society.— The
meeting of the ^-Ith was well attended by the
public, and well sustained by the exhibitors. A
perpetual blooming Magnolia, M. Semperflo-
rens, was exhibited by Mr. W. D. Brackenridge.
The following are the names of the leading
exhibitors : James Pentland, Archibald Brack-
enridge, John Feast, Cromwell tfe Congdon,
Wra. Fraser, Andrew L. Black, Samuel Feast
& Sons, N. F. Flitton, llobt. Patterson, Ernest
Hoen, R. AV. L. Rasin, Captain Snow, Wm. H.
Perot, Robt. J. Halliday, August Hoen, Chas.
Kemp. Jr., Mrs. A. II. Fields.

Report of the Conn. State Board of Ag-
riculture for 1877. — The chief topics are the
art of Plowmg, Fertilizers and Forestry notes.
The last topic is handled in an admirable man-
ner. It is rare that we have seen so much of
actual American experience recorded. There
are plenty of theoretical studies derived
from European works, but all too few notes from
our own experiments.

Fruit (inoWKKs' Association ok Ontario.
Ueport for 1X77. — Kmlu'llisbcd with a colore<l
plate of the Ontario api)h', and illustrated by
numerous insects bcmelicial and injurious to the
fruit growers.

Belgium International Horticultural
KxiiiuiTloN.— Our Belgian contemporary, /'//or-
liculture Jie/iriqae. has given up tiie whole of
its April number to the account of the great inter
national Horticultural Exhibition, which appears
to have been a great success. The vast Hall
provided was unequal, and annexes had to be
provided. In the history of the previous grand
exhibitions, it ref(!rs to one in 1815 given in honor
of the American Plenipotentiaries, James A. Bay-
ard, John Q. Adams, Henry Clay and Albert
Gallatin as particularly deserving of the name of
the great Congress. The Rose Congress de Gand
was so named in honor of that event. On the
present occasion, the King and Queen of the Bel-
gians, the Countess of Growers, the Count of Ver-
dure of Detterheim, and the Duke of Cazes in
France, took a leading parr in the honors of the
occasion. A portrait of the latter nobleman is
given in the same number. The late nurseries
of Mr. Van Iloutte seem to be now under the
title of Van Iloutte & Cuvelier, and were, of
course, well represented. On the occasion of the
leading English firms. Bull, Cutbush, A. Hender-
son, Jackman, OsboVne.Rollison, Vietch, B. S.
Williams and Wills were on the jury in the de-
partments in which they had no personal interest,
and Jennings, Moore, and Wynne of the English
llorticultujal Pre.ss, also took part. There were
eight German jurors, twelve English, one Aus-
trian, forty-three Belgian, thirty-two French,
twelve from Holland, one Russian and one
Swiss. The number of the jury shows the extent
of the exposiLion. The account closes by saying
that " the English exhibitors, Wills, Williams,
Rollison, Veitch, and Bull, deserve especial men-
tion." It proves that English Horticulture and
Belgian Horticulture nourish for each other sen-
timents of great affection.

DuBU(iUE, Iowa, has a Floral Association,
and held a very successful exhibition, for the
the first time, in the last week in May. J. M.
(xiiffith is President, and there are eight Vice-
Presidents, but no Secretary.

Wisconsin State Horticultural Society.
Proceedings for 1877-1878. From F. W. Case,
Secretary, Madison. This is full of essays of
rather above the average in quality. Many of
the best are by ladies.

THE

GARDENER'S MONTHLY

AND

HORTICULTURIST.

.DEVOTED TO HORTICULTURE. ARBORICULTURE AND RURAL AFFAIRS.

Edited by THOMAS MEEHAN.

Vol. XX.

AUGUST, 1878.

Number 236.

Flower Garden and Pleasure Ground.

SEASONABLE HINTS.

For a month or two in Spring, wlien all nature
is gushing forth joyously into life, we are con-
tent to look on and enjoy the wondrous sights;
and when in Fall the whole universe sparkles in
autumnal tints, we gaze on the splendid pagent
passing away without a selfish thought; but broil-
ing, sweltering, roasting under our August sun,
we feel that our garden art must do something
more for us than show us beautiful sights like
these. We must not forget this when we are
thinking of laying out or improving our grounds.
In fact landscape gardening has not quite the
same idea to an American as it has to an Euro-
pean. In the old world it appeals to the eye
and to the mind. It as an intellecta^ial art. But
our wants are more -material ; and the art must
look after our creature comforts somewhat, as
Avell as afford us pretty sights to see.

We have learned to protect ourselves from
•cold wintry winds, but the art of making a place
cool in Summer is yet in its infancy. There is
nothing accomplishes this better then plenty of,
grass and the neat deciduous ti-ee foliage. The j
making of flower beds with box edgings and gra-
vel walks suits Dutch and French gardening,
but it is too hot for us.

The beds should be cut in grass. The walks
round about a place should also be in grass as |
much as possible ; only those likely to be fre-
quently used should be gi-avel walks. Even
these where tan can he ol)tained, are much cooler
when this material can "be used, than when grav- .

elled. In the planting of roads. Art, as we read
it in the books, plants only in corners, and makes
its most striking effects to be seen from the drives ;
but American art as it should be, plants all the
chief drives with deciduous shade trees, and yet
allows you to look through beneath them to the
beauties beyond.

Then again very much may be done by plant-
ing two or three trees together so that as they
grow up, they will form natural seat backs. For
this purpose there is nothing like the Oak tribe.

Sometimes we cannot get the coveted shade
because we have planted slow growing trees —
generally the prettiest and well worth waiting
for, — this may be affected by planting liberally
of Alders, Poplars, and similar ephemeral trees,
to be cut away as they gradually interfere with
the permanent kinds. The planting season will
soon come around, and now is the time to look
about and select the desirable kinds, and to de-
cide on the proper place to set them.

The latter end of August is one of the best
seasons of the year to transplant evergreens.
The young growth of the past season has got
pretty well hardened, so as to permit of but
very little evaporation, — and the earth being
warm, new roots push with great rapidity, and
the tree becomes established in the ground before
cold autumn winds begin. The chief difficulty
is that the soil is usually very dry, which pre-
vents much speed with the operation; and the
weather being usually very warm, the trees have
to be set again in the ground almost a.s fast as
they are taken up ; so that it is not safe to bring

226

THE GARDENER'S MONTHLY

[Au^s/,

them from a (listai)co. It is as well thcrefdre. t<>
make all ready in anticipation of a rain, wlien
no time may be lost in havinij the work pnshed
through. Should a spell of dry weather ensue,—
which in September and October is very likely, —
one i^'ood waterinir should be. i;iven, sullicient to
soak well throujrh the soil and well about the
roots. A basin should be made to keep the
water from runnintr away from the spot, and to
assist its soaking in. After being well watered,
the loose soil, should be drawn in litihtly over
the watered soil, which will then aid in prevent-
ing the water from drying out soon again.

As soon in the fall as bulbs can be obtained
they should be planted— thougli this will not
generally be the case till October,— but it is as
well to bear in mind that the earlier they are
planted, the finer they will flower.

Towards the end of the month, and in Septem-
ber, evergreen hedges should receive their last
pruning till next summer. Last spring, and in
the summer, when a strong growth required it,
the hedge has been severely pruned towards the
apex of the cone-like form in which it has been
trained, and the base has been suffered to grow-
any way it pleases. Now that, in turn, has come
under the shears, so far as to get it into regular
shape and form. It will not be forgotten that,
to be very successful with evergreen hedges,
they ought to have a growth at the base of at
least four feet in diameter.

COMMUNICA TIONS.

BLUNDERS AND MULCHING.

BY GENL. W. H. NOBLE.

Mr. Beecher's article in the May Monthly,
hints of value in both. That of blunders
lies in the telling. A good hearty blunder,
frankly confessed, not only warns, but instructs.
Out of failure often leads the pathway to suc-
cess. Beyond a doubt, a chapter about blun-
ders in the garden, would make one of the most
valuable in its history. But the searcher for its
materials, would, I fear, look upon a lean
attendance at the confessional. The majority
of us are slow to tell our blunders. Besides,
lots of men blunder in the ruts of traditional
methods, without knowing that those who went
before, blundered all the way.

After all, our boasted human intellect is a
very unsteady staff. Few men either think or
observe, thougli they pride themselves on doing
both. Half set down to the credit of our

brains, is only a mixture of old saws and whims.
Opinions are all the wliili' put forward, as if the
outcome of thought and cxpcrieiuu',, when only
a ro-hivsh of the blunders of the blunderers gone
before.

From one of these old time blunders in the
garden, Mr. Beecher strips off the cover, when
he tells, out of his experience, that " Summer
and Winter Mulching is Supreme Safety for
ornamental trees, and for fruit trees." That
sentence is brim full of the soundest kind of
sense. But if this is true, is not a blundering
folly read of between the lines ? In face of this
new article in the creed of the garden, what
becomes of the old rule of thick planting for a
shelter? If mulching will save trees from that
drying of the wind and sun, which sucks out the
moisture from the root, soil, and the stem, what
need of the thick planting clutter, which starts
out unsightly and ends in torment ? If " mulch-
ing is supreme safety," what is thick planting
for shelter but a perpetual blunder ? Who ever
knew a tree to grow better in the nursery rows,
than when firm planted and held in the sunlight
and the breeze ? The only other need besides
this mulch, till the root fibres stretch their tie
aTnd brace throughout the soil, is a firm lash of
the centre shaft of tree or shrub, to a stout stake
driven deep and close thereto. Then the sway-
ing of the blast wi-ll no longer snap and twist
off the rootlets which, beneath the shelter and
quiet of the mulch, lift the vital currents to the
parts above. Nor, when so mulched and held,
will wind or sun, suck up the moisture from the
cool footings, which so delight the plant.

I confess, a thicket in private grounds or pub-
lic park is my horror. Not when a thicket of
Nature's make is left, or when one is gotten up
as a feature. But when it is the outcome of thick
planting for shelter and compan}^ to be thinned
out sometime, which sometime, if ever, always
comes too late. Besides, a thicket is not the
place for tree or shrub to gain the swing and
spread of freedom. They need room to de-
velop their best estate — room for their branches
in the sun and air — room for the roots to range
in wide feeding ground. You get neither from
thick planting. Day by day there rises a spin-
dling, spooky, impressive tangle and clutter,
which is soon beyond cure. Go where you will,
among the thick plantations bordering old
estates, or visit like newer follies, and the same
result faces you. The thinning has not come to
either. It never comes. But a tiresome speci-

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

227

men of an embalmed folly is before you, which
samples neither grove nor forest, nor decent
thicket.

It would seem that the " Yank " should long
ago have sent this old w^orld folly into the outer
dai'kness to which he has consigned so many
important whim-whams. One single example
of such wasted time and labor well undone is
before me, in the grounds of Hon. Nathaniel
Wheeler, of sewing machine immortality. An
old world artist had, before his ownership, bor-
dered his grounds with all the ins and outs, and
thick planting of these irregular horrors, No
end of toil and lots of money, and years of
growth had been wasted in a trial after the pic-
turesque. The only cure possible was like that
of the Spitz dog, whose tail they cropped close
behind his ears. Mr. Wheeler was not studied
up in landscape ; but a sound head, a broad
nature and good eyes, had educated a taste
which always finds its best help in large com-
mon sense. He tore out the unsightly wall of
growth which hemmed in and dwarfed his
grounds With the help of fine fruit trees, and
well-grown evergreens, in one season he changed
the whole aspect and expression of his place.
To-day, for grace of lawn and tree groups, and
reaches of tasteful vistas all through its extent,
I know of no more perfect specimen of sense-
ful planting. But there was no thinning, no
half-way work. His improvement was a new
creation in his borders.

Before ending, let me give unction to Mr.
Beecher's sentence. It is not the fancy of a
man without long and large experience in the
garden. He is no mere amateur. His study and
work covers more than forty years of his sixty.
His rule of " supreme safety " is the conviction
forced on a shrewd observer, by years of trial.
No man in this country, outside perhaps of some
large nursery has had a wider and more varied
personal planting than he. Every plant and
tree tough enough to stand our Summer's sun
and wintry blast, has a home beside him, to
cheer and shelter his. I say, therefore, to all,
heed well his counsel, of Supreme Safety in a
Mulch., Summer and Winter. It is the voice of
a Seer in the homeland and the wood.

RHODODENDRON OCCIDENTALE.

BY "W. C. L. DREW, EL DORADO, C'AL.

One of the grandest fiowers I ever beheld is
the Rhododendron occidentale, or California

Azalea. It is a native of California, where it
grows along streams of crystal water in thickly
wooded districts, throughout the State, The finest
are found in the Sierra Nevadas, and the best I
ever saw were in the section of county around
the Silver Creeks, where they are covered with
snow for four months in the year.

Rhododendron occidentale is a shrub growing
three to six feet high ; the foliage is the hand-
somest I ever saw ; the leaves are lanceolate in
shape, about four inches long, and one to one
and a half inches across, of a rather firm texture
when fully developed. In color they are a
bright shining green, when half grown they
have all the appearance of being freshly var-
nished, and as will be readily admitted by all
who have seen it, this bright green foliage is
half the charm of the plant, and makes a most
charming setting for the large and conspicuous
flowers.

The flowers are two and a half, to three inches
long, with a conspicuous calyx composed of dis-
dinct oblong sepals, the corolla is usually snow
white with the upper lobe yellow inside, they
are sometimes, however, found with rose-tinged
flowers. The stamens and style are much ex-
serted, moderately curved, and very conspicuous.
The flowers are borne in large clusters of from
ten to twenty each.

Rhododendron occidentale blooms in the
Summer, and is constantly in flower during
July and August.

For Eastern gardens, I think it will be found
the best of any flower which California has sup-
plied, as it grows where the snow lays on the
ground four to five months in the year, where it
freezes eleven months, and yet where the sun
in Summer will send the thermometer over
130°. The soil it seems to require is moderately
light, black soil. It will not grow well under
trees or in the shade, but requires plenty of sun-
light.

PICTURESQUE LAWNS.

BY S. B. PARSONS, FLUSHING, N. Y,

The picture effects to be obtained by color
in foliage are familiar to all who have studied
nature. The Silver Poplars, quivering in the
lightest breeze, relieve the more sombre Maples
on the mountain sides. The light-green Tulip
Tree and the darker Chestnut or Hickory are
found together, while the White Spruce and the
Hemlock aid to show oft' the beauty of each
other.

228

THE GARDEAEK'^ MONTJILY

\^Amgmsty

Tlui Autuiim tints of Amoii<a aro a joy of
beauty to forcisnera, and a continual surprise to
our own people. They are so by their strong
contfJist; tlio scarlet and the «;olden, the green
and the wbiU', the veined and the tinted, are all
nijussed together, and the result is a picture of
indesrribal)le beauty.

These contrasts may be obtained in the Spriiif;
and Summer, as well a.s the Autumn, by the
plantinfj of trees in which they are constant,
(rradalions of color may give a harmony which
is pleiv-sin^, and distance may be gained by using
lighter tints for the back-ground, and darker for
the nearer trees, but the true test is the expres-
sion of pleased .surprise uttered by the novice or
connoisseur on entering a forest or a lawn where
these strong contrasts are found.

Some thirty-five years ago, on returning from
atrip over the AUeghanies, in June, and then
again on the Pennsylvania hills in all the glories
of October, I was so impressed with the value
of strong contrasts, that I aimed for them as far
as possible in planting my own lawn. The re-
sult is satisfactory ; and now that the trees so
planted have been growing twenty-five to thirty-
five years, the etVect upon visitors proves that
nature is right, and that it is always safe to
follow her.

The gejieral form of my lawn is that of an
amphitheatre, of which the house is the center.
The largest trees are on the outside, graded
down to smaller ones on the inside. While im-
mediately around the house is clear turf, upon
which robin, catbird and thrush- have their love
passages and mock fights, like the performers in
a Roman arena. I sit upon my piazza and
watch them, thinking how happy they are, with
no real estate in fee, and no taxes to pay, while
the changing tints of a Summer afternoon gild
or shade the quivering foliage of the trees before
me. The contrasted colors form a picture worthy
of the pencil of Cropsey, and when the sun
comes, after a shower, the pendant drops sparkle
like diamonds upon gold and emeralds. Per-
haps the finest eft'ect of these contrasting colors
is just before a glowing sunset, when the shadows
are thrown long upon the grass, and the leaves
seem almost transparent with green, scarlet
and gold.

It may interest some to know what trees are
planted together to obtain these effects, and I
will endeavor to describe them, as my eye rests
upon them from the piazza, for they are nearly
all within my view from that point.

The outside lines are Stone Piiu;, IleiQil<x"k,
Norway Sj)ruce and xVustrum l'lne,fc'orty to tifty
feet high. The color of the Stotie PSne is a
bright, refreshing green ; the Nonvay Spnice is
darker, the Hemlock still darker, iund dairke^t of
all is the Austrian Pine. Inside of these, two
Ivindens, one hundred feet high and .sijcty feet
in diameter of foliage, stand giuird^ wblh^ one
of them holds before her a grown-up child — a
Silver Weeping Linden fifty feet bigh» The
light-tinted Virgilia, fifty feet hiigt and fifty
feet broad, with its full racemes ©tf snow-white
llowers, is growing at the side olf the l*in"ple
Beech, fifty feet high, whose dark tints are again
relieved by the lighter foliage and pure white
blossoms of a dlouble flowering Cherry^ which
covers a diameter of fifty feet, and whose trunk,
twelve feet in circumference, shows its remark-
able age. The blue-green arms, of the Weeping
Larch, arms twenty-two feet long, on a body ten
feet high, stretch out horizontally on either side,
one of them grasping toward a Yellow Magno-
lia and the other resting upon a mass of Golden
Yew. Against this last is a Magnolia liCnne,
whose crimson petals just show their silver
lining.

Near the dwelling, the Chinese Cypress stands
sentinel, upright as a grenadier, symmetrical as
an arrow, clothed with foliage soft as the green
feathers of a bird,' and a shade of pea green
more delicate and refreshing than that of any
tree I have. Its shape, a diameter of twelve
feet to a height of thirty-five, is that of a true
cone.

The Nordmann Fir, thirty feet liigh, stands
alone in its grandeur. Its limbs are regular
and symmetrical and its foliage compact. In the
early season, the very light tint of the young
growth against the darkness of the old is very
charming, like gold upon ebony, or like the
cheek of a fair child against the dusky one of its
parent.

From this varied foliage, the eye wanders to
the lighter color of an Atlas Cedar, forty feet
high, and to the unequalled charming lavender
tints of the Engelmann Spruce, relieved against
the darkness of an Austrian Pine. The blueish-
green of a Larch, fifty feet high, is contrasted
on one side with the dark-green of Euonymus,
clothed in the Autumn with its brilliant scarlet
berries, while on the other side stand the lighter
Lilacs and the graceful curves of the Weeping
Sopkora. The long arms of a Gingko, forty
feet high, extend protectingly over the flowers

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

229

of a Red Horseehestnut at its side. The li^ht
green of Cephalotaxus has the dark steel tint of
Picea nobilis on one side, and on the other the
rich dark uprightness of the Irish Yew. A light
Weeping Beech, thirty feet high and forty feet
broad, and a dark Nordmann Fir, thirty feet
high stand near each other. Light Weeping
Hemlock and dark erect Yew stand together.
White Lilac and dark Euonymus flank the porte-
cochere. A Cutleaved Beech, twenty-five feet
high and twenty-five feet diameter, with its
symmetrical cone and its exquisite refinement of
foliage stand by the darker Dogwood, clothed in
white. A Laburnum produces both purple and
yellow flowers. Erect Yew and Irish Yew,
Picea compacta and Pichta, Pinus monticola
and Picea firma go in couples.

(To be Continued.)

EDITORIAL NOTES.

The Pines of Japan. — Professor Rein thinks
there are only three species of Pinus native of
Japan, namely, P. densiflora, P. Massoniana,
and P. parviflora. The two' first are favorite
trees of the Japanese, and are represented in
lacquer and on porcelain ware, and living speci-
mens are found in nearly all gardens. Some of
the latter are curiously distorted, and from
200 to 500 years old, and they are regarded
with an amount of veneration bordering on
worship. Some of them have very long horizon-
tal branches resting on the ground. P. Masso-
niana loves a sandy soil, is hardier, and per-
haps rather larger than P. densiflora, and con-
sequently more generally cultivated. It forms
magnificent avenues, its rich dark green, long
leaves being very beautiful. It attains a height
of 100 feet, with a diameter of six feet. P. parvi-
flora belongs to the group with five leaves in
each sheath. It is widely dispersed in Japan,
and reaches an altitude of 9000 feet, where it
becomes shrubby. P. koraiensis is only culti-
vated in Japan. — Gardener'' s Chronicle.

Pkopagation by Layers. — Mr. Geo. Syme,
an English gentleman, gives to Messrs. S. B.
Parsons & Son, of Flushing, the following bit
of information, which will amuse those who are
acquainted with the modes of propagation in
the best American nurseries :

" Considering the severity of the winters in
the Northern States,and the consequent freezing

of the soil to a great depth, propagation by this
means, of such plants as require to be what is
technically known as " down " for two or more
years, would be all but impossible, and there-
fore not profitable."

HousTONiA C(ERULEA. — This interesting
native plant, the "Quaker Bonnet of Philadel-
phia," hitherto supposed not cultivable in Eng-
land, is taking a new turn. The Gardener^ s
Chronicle says : "On the rockwork at Kew is in
flower a beautiful tuft of Houstonia coerulea.
Growing at Kew so freely, it is strange to hear
that elsewhere it never seems really to flourish,
^thionema jucunda is very charming, and forms
a small but neat tuft of pink flowers."

Neirembergia rivularis.— At a recent visit
to Ellwanger & Barry, of Rochester, few hardy
herbaceous plants were more striking than this.
It was a complete sheet of snowy cup-like
flowers.

NEPV OR RARE PLANTS.

Double-flowered Eschscholtzi a.— A
doubled-flowered California Poppy, is among the
latest novelties in England.

Blood-leaved Norway Maple.— A cor-
respondent of the Garden thus refers to Acer
Schweidleriana : "This hardy, free-growing, pur-
ple-leaved Maple should not be lost sight of by
planters. It is a real acquisition, as far as eff'ec-
tive contrast is concerned, amongst trees of light
green foliage. The leaves of this beautiful
Maple are bright reddish-purple when newly
unfolded, very brilliant and glossy, and as large
as those of the common platanoides, or Norway
Maple."

A fine specimen was in Meehan's Centennial
collection, which was purchased for Fairmount
Park, and it has proved as well adapted to the
American climate as its parent, the common
Norway Maple.

Tovaria Olekacea.— This, by far the most
handsome of all the Tovarias or Sniilacinas yet
introduced to cultivation, is now in flower in the
herbaceous grounds at Kew. It approaches in
habit the well-known T. racemosa, being about
two feet in height, and the stems arch in the
same graceful manner. The flowers are borne
in broad racemes (about four inches across) at
the apex of the stems, each individual being a
half inch across, and produced in large numbers.

230

THE GARDENER'S AIONTJILY

{^August,

Thoy are of a pnro whito color, wliii-Ii contrasts
agreeably with tlie purplisli eolor of the stem
and flower-stalks. IL husts a loiiij time in good
coiididoii. It is quite a recent introduction,
having heen sent to Kew from higli elevations
in temperate Sikkim ; therefore it is quite hardy
in this vi\\\\\{\s . — Cnrdtn.

■••» —

SCRAPS AND OURRIliS.

Name ok Plaxt. — " Subscriber," Pittsburg,
Pa. We cannot name jour plant from the por-
tion fif a leaf sent. It is not a Wistaria, if the
whole leaf has but three leaflets, as in the por-
tion sent to us.

Amakvai.lis Li)X(;iKOLiA— a Sacketts Harbor
correspondent sends us a dry, over-blown flower
of what ap[)ears to be this plant, of which she
saj's: "There are eighteen to twenty leaves,
from a yard to two yards long, greatest width
two inches and a half, rising from the trunk or
body not a foot high ; nape two feet, bearing
from two to fifteen lilies. A very beautiful
plant."

Dauk-leaved Norway Maple. — With spe-
cimenss of an unusually dark green Norway
Maple, we have the following from a correspon-
dent at Old Westbury, N. Y.: " I enclose a few
leaves from a Maple, which is different from any
variety I have seen. It came in a lot of im-
ported trees, is symmetrical, and resembles in
its growth a Norway, for which it was purchased,
and the bark is darker. About ten feet high,
three-quarters of an inch in diameter, leaves
dark, shining green, like a gooseberry, and is
very pretty. Bark smooth, not like English
Maple in any way. As thee is acquainted with
more kinds than I am, I hope thee can give its
name."

A Hardy Gladiolus.— A Doylestown, Pa.,
subscriber says ; " I enclose flowers of a thor-

oughly hardy Gladiolus, which has remained
out during the Winter for several years pa.st
where originally planted, and, a.s I understand,
without any protection. It now forms a superb
clump, and the flowers arc; certainly very showy.
Will you be kind enough to name the variety?"
[This is the riludiolus coMimunis, not unknown

; in American collections of hardy herbai'eous
plants, and well worthy of the interest our cor-
respondent takes in it.|

Variatton in the Cit-leaved Jiiucii.—
A Rochester, N. Y., correspondent says : '' I
send you herewith a couple of sprigs taken from
cut-leaved Birch. The tree is fifteen years

, planted, and large. A few feet from the ground
a limb branches out from the body ; three feet
from the trunk of the tree this branch forks,
each of the two resulting limbs ])eing four or

1 five feet long. One of these limbs bears the cut-

I leaf one, the other the plain leaf. It struck
me as being a curious freak, and I thought it

; might interest you, so I send you a sample of
the same."

[This return of the Cut-leaved Birch to its
original form is now and then seen, and is
curious. — Ed. G. M.]

I AxDROMEDA SPECIOSA. — With specimens of
this beautiful hardy shrub, which is undoubtedly
A. speciosa, a Ilingliam, Mass., correspondent
writes: " Having read the article on the various
species of Andromeda, in the Gardener's

i Monthly, I take the liberty of writing you to
inquire can you judge from the enclosed if
this is the A. speciosa. I have had it twelve
years, and it is said to be that. Do you know
the A. pulverulenta? I thought this not the
speciosa. The one I have has been very hand-
some, having many spikes, covered with these
beautiful white flowers from eight to ten inches
long. Our Boston Society gave me, last week,
their bronze medal."

Green House and House Gardening.

COMMUNICA riONS.

COOL HOUSE ORCHIDS-L/ELIAS.

BY C. II. S., BALTIMORE, MD.

This beautiful genus of orchids is closely a botanical one, too scientific for the
allied to Cattleya, and some of the Brazilian i amateur cultivator of orchids, for whose bene-
varieties are found in catalogues, sometimes as ; fit these articles are intended. But a far greater

Lselias, and in others as Cattleyas. I think that
they all come from Mexico and Brazil, except
L;«lia superbiens, which is from Guatemala.
The difference between Lailias and Cattleyas is

reneral

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

231

difference is found in the manner of growth, and
time of blooming, of the Mexican and Brazilian
«pecies. The Mexican species do not require as
much heat as the Brazilian ; bloom mostly in
the Winter or early Spring, and have longer
flower stems. The Brazilian species are
stronger in growth and bloom mostly in the
Summer or Autumn, and can be cultivated as
the Cattlej'as. The Mexican species, I grow
Tjoth in pots, or on blocks of wood, or cocoanut
husks, and find they do well either way, though
the plants on blocks require more attention dur-
ing the season of growth. I grow all Cattleyas
and Liielias in the same house, giving the Mex-
ican species the coolest place. They all want
plent)'^ of light, especially when they are mak-
ang their growth, and maturing their bulbs. If
they are grown in too much shade, the growth
Tvill be watery, and very little success will be
obtained in flowering them. These remarks are
^applicable icy all orchids, that form bulbs.

When I flrst commenced the culture of orchids,
though I made large growth, I was always dis-
appointed in not getting bloom. A fact, that on
Imported orchids, very small bulbs showed
signs that they had bloomed, led me to think
there was a radical error in my management. I
now give them all the light they will bear, even
if the glass runs up to 90° or 95°. While I know
that the direct rays of the sun does them no
Tiarm in their native habitats, I find that a lit-
tle shade is advantageous in midday — say from
'9 A. M., to 4 P. M. I have an awning on the
outside, made of bagging stuft', which is open in
its texture and gives a subdued light. I find
this better than whitewash or any permanent
cover. On cloudy days, or any time when the
thermometer does not get over 75°, I keep it up.
An awning G0xl4 ft. of this material will cost
about 88, and lasts two summers. The power
of tropical light, and the long enforced rest by
■drought that plants are called upon to endure in
tropical countries, are factors that are not suf-
ficiently considered in our cultivation of plants
under glass. No doubt most persons who have
bought newly imported orchids, have noticed
their shriveled condition, and supposed it caused
"by their being so long gathered. The fact is, that
it is caused almost entirely by the protracted
■droughts that they endure before they are gath-
ered. I was once in Brazil, nearly four months
at one time, and do not think we had four rains,
:and at no time was the thermometer below 05°,
and up to 90° or 95°. One can easily conceive

what a parching it must be to plants growing on
trees, from 10 to 50 feet from the ground, when
every passing breeze takes away any little hu-
midity that may arise from the ground.

MEXICAN L^LIA-S.

Lcelia anceps. This is the finest of the Mexican
Lfslias. It has bulbs from four to six inches
long, (with one stiff leaf, sometimes, but rarely
two.) The flower stem is from two to three
feet long, with from three to five flowers three
to four inches diameter. Sepals and petals rosy
lilac, lip purple with yellow center; blooms in
Winter. Lcelia anceps delicaia, whitish sepals
and petals, and purple lip. There are many
varieties of L. anceps, differing slightly in size
and shade of color.

ice/m rt/6z(/a, (Mexico), has small bulbs about
two inches long. Two short stift'leaves,and flower
stems from twelve to eighteen inches long. The
flowers from three to six in number, are white
with a yellow streak in the center of the lip ;
flowers two inches in diameter. There are sev-
eral varieties of this orchid. It and all the
Mexican Lselias are compact in growth, taking
up but little room which makes them very desir-
able, as the blooms last thirty days, if kept dry.

Lcplia autumnalis. In growth, much like
L. albida, but stronger, sepals and petals lilac
purple, lip rose and white ; blooms in Novem-
ber and December; flowers about three inches in
diamater.

Lcelia acuminata. Flatfish bulbs ; flowers
white with dark spot on the lip. There are some
varieties, with rosy blush flowers and are called
L. erubescens.

Lcslia majalis. Has small bulbs, and makes
its bloom with the young growth, and the flowers
are verj'^ large for the size of the plant. It
makes seldom over one bloom to a bulb, which
is of a rose color, with a lighter lip. I have suc-
ceeded in blooming this Ltelia but once. It re-
quires the bulbs to be strong, and a good season
of rest. Does best on a block with moss.

Lmlia superbiens. (xuatemala. This is a very
strong grower. The bulbs are often nearly a
foot long, and flower stems from four to
six feet long, surmounted by nearly a dozen
flowers from four to six inches in diameter ;
color, rose variegated; lip purplish crimson,
striped yellow. Requires to be strong to
bloom ; it is said to grow on exposed rocks. I
have not bloomed this yet, though my plant is
larger than others that I have seen in bloom. I
think it wants more light.

232

77//-; C.IROENER'S MOyTHLY

\_Asususty.

nRAZII-rAN I..ELIAS.

Lcrlin purpuratn. Tliis is a stnmg j^rowinj;
plant, with a single dark green leaf on a bulb
frdui t*ix inches to a loot long. In growth, it is
like Cattleya, as are most of (lie Brazilian
J.;e!ias. The flowers in the sepals and petals
are from pure white to rose; lip crimson, or
purplish crimson ; flowers from two to five,
about five inches in diameter, and last four
weeks in bloom if kept dry. Blooms from May
to August. There are many varieties of this
beautiful La^lia, and are called in European
catalogues after the one who first blooms them.
L. Russelliana, Ij. Brysiana and others, are but
sports of L. purpurata.

Lonlia Perrinii. Rio de Janeiro. Has red-
dish bulbs and dark green leaves ; reddish on
the back. Blooms in October, with four or five
blooms on a stem ; flowers four inches in diam-
eter ; sepals and petals light purple, lip crim-
son. I have three or four varieties of this
beautiful, free blooming La>lia. Some grow in
pots, and some on the original wood from Brazil.

L(tlia elegans. This is also a strong grower,
often over eighteen inches high. Has flowers
from blush to dark rosy crimson in the sepals
and petals, lip purple. There are many varie-
ties of L. elegans, but all are fine. It must be
a scarce variety even in Brazil, as the price both
there and in Europe continues high.

Lcelia cinnabarina. This has slender bulbs
from four to six inches long, with one stiff leaf.
The flower stem is about a foot long, with from
four to eight reddish orange flowers, about two
inches in diameter. It is a very gay flower, and
keeps in bloom a long time. It is a very hard
variety to import, as if once dried too much
they are hard to start. The bulbs are reddish.

Lcelia crispilabia (Syn.) rupestris. In growth.
like L. cinna])arina, but the bulbs are light
green; flowers about U inch in diameter, light
rosy purple. Has about six flowei's on a stem.

There are many other species of Brazilian
La?lia, but I have not bloomed them : L.
pnestans, L. Schilleriana, L. grandis, L. gigan-
tea, L. xanthina, L. Stelzneriana, and others
are beautiful and well worthy of cultivation.

ADDITIONAL NOTE ON THE MEALY BUG.

BY I)K. AVM. F. C IIAXMNG. TROVIDKNCE, K. I.

Since writing my paper, Mr. W. S. Hogg in-
forms me that, in his experience, (according with
my own,) a solution of whale-oil soap and hel-

lebore, while riddmg plants of most irmectSy
including scale, mealy l)ug and slug, does not
dispose of the green fly. Mr. Hogg wjus, tliere-
fore, led to add a very small (piantity of Per-
sian insect powder [Pyrethrum 7'()seum), to the
above solution. This he finds to be entirely
successful, and applies with a hand syringe,,
out of doors, to keep his rose bushes clear of
all insects.

DENDROBIUM NQBILE, VERSUS
NOVELTIES.

n\ Mii. .1. H(j()i>.
Around us everywhere the New crowds asidb-
the Old, notwithstanding that many of the old
flowering plants combined the useful with the
beautiful in a high degree. Nevertheless, in
some localities they have almost entirely dis-
appeared ; and yet they seldom have been
surpassed, but only fallen under the bane of popu-
larity. Possibly it sufliceth that they have been
grown, and it became known what season they
generally flowered, and what color and character-
of flowers they produced, therefore they no-
longer possessed that alluring halo of uncer-
tainty, that enticing charm of novelty, so pecu-
liarly attractive. Amid the many innovations-
has there been much real improvement in the
direction of flowering plants, or is it the novelty
that attracts and not the quality i* A walk
through several of the hot-houses of one's neigh-
borhood will convince us, and I think our ans-
wer would be in the negative. Here are new,
high colored Dracienas, beautifully marked and;
blotched Marantas, Crotons, Dieflenbachias and
a host of others, all of which are undoubtedly
beautiful. But where are the old flowering plants,,
or where are their superiors ? They are wanting^
What novelty will compare with a well grown
and flowered specimen of that old plant Dendro-
bium nobile?— equally suitable for the establish-
ment of the conservatory, hot-house, or vvarnii
fernery, or as a florist flower. It is curious thafc,
such serviceable subjects should be neglected
when many plant grovirers are cognizant of the
fact that there is a steady growing demand for
fine flowers — flowers rich and choice; All cannot
be accommodated ; but the numerous ihdispen-
sible novelties that are annually offered must
have room, as not to grow those would certainly
be non-progressive. But as the car of progress
marches along, its path is sometimes winding,,
and its huge wheels frequently run in the mire
of extremes ; these extremes-, perhaps, may be ai

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

23S

mania for novelties^ varieties or wonderful blue
glass, all of which are pursued with such clamor
and ardor by their respective votaries, that the
non-enthusiast is ready to exclaim, "let us
alone."

VARIEGATED COBCEA SCANDENS.

BY G. A. II., PROVIDENCE, R. I.

Your notice of the variegated Cobcea scan-
dens, in the May number, leads me to say a
good word for it. A year ago I planted out in
the green-house a small plant, which exceeded
in luxuriant growth anything I had ever culti-
vated. The only difficulty was to keep it within
reasonable bounds. At Christmas and Easter
I cut perhaps two dozen sprays, from two to six
feet long, without missing them. If put in
water immediately they will keep in the parlor
four to six weeks without wilting. It seems to
me that the spraj's would meet with a ready sale
in Winter, as they are very effective and beauti-
ful for decoration. The plant also bloomed all
Winter, but I regard the blooms as of little con-
sequence compared with the vine. It appears
to be entirely free from insects.

Another climber which has been very satis-
factory, is Tacsonia Van Volxemi. This grew
nearly as rapidly as the Coboea, but being deli-
cate did not cover so much space. Since Feb-
ruary it was constantly in bloom, until I cut it
back a month ago, and the flowers far surpass
any passion flower I have seen. The rich
"Turkey red " blossoms seem to light up the
green-house, and the fruit is very conspicuous.
The blossoms last about three days. It was
quite a novelty in this neighborhood. As my
green-house is only about 12x24, and a very cool
one, I think these vines could be grown by
almost any amateur, but do not think they would
do well in pots. I have other choice climbers
not yet bloomed, of which I hope at some time
to give a good account if desired.

EDITORIAL NOTES.

AVALLFLOWERS.--We take the subjoined char-
acteristic remarks on "Wallflowers in Paris,"
from the Gardener''s Magazine: "Amongst the
many rural elegancies that make Paris the fresh-
est and brightest of cities, we must give a large
place to the Wallflower. We see Walltlowers
in plenty in all parts of Europe, and even in
London they are not unknown. But really j'ou

must go to Paris to see Wallflowers just rights
and to learn thereby how cheap is beauty, and
how universal is the medicine of gladness for
the single eye that is full of light. On a sunny
day in April you may see in the Pare de Mon~
ceaux, and other such places, what at a mode-
rate distance look like beds of crimson Azaleas ■,.
but when you reach the spot you find them to
be beds of Wallflowers, solid with bloom, quite
uniform in height, and, as gardeners say, " as
neat as if turned out of a bandbox." Almost in-
variably the sorts employed are the deep blood-
red and the bluish-purple, all the slaty blues
being repudiated, and the best yellows being
scarcely anywhere represented. These blood-
reds and purples are mixed throughout in equal
proportions, and the near view of them is as
enjoyable as the distant view is surprising. The
odor difflised adds very much to the charm of
the golden-green leafage of the trees overhead,
for wherever these fiery masses of Wallflowers
are to be seen there are also trees enough to
make a bower of pleasantness to drive dull care
away. How simple and inexpensive are the
best pleasures !"

We may add to what the Gardener'' s Magazine
says, that at Osborne House, the residence of
Queen Victoria, the writer of this, visiting there
last year, found immense quantities of these old-
fashioned Wallflowers growing, of which it was
said the Queen was passionately fond, and had
the flowers cut and sent to her regularly when
she was in London or elsewhere.

The Double Amaryllis. — The parties who
sent us the double Amaryllis had better hurry
up with their prize, or, judging by the following
from the Garden the old world folks will get
ahead of them :

"Agood double Amaryllis (A., equestris fl.pl.)
is now added to the collection of the New Plant
and Bulb Company at Colchester. It is said to
resemble a double Rose, and flowering speci-
mens which we saw in a dried state seem to
justify this description."

Chameleon Wallflowers. — A correspon-
dent in the Garden has the following rela-
tive to that curious and interesting plant — the
Chameleon Wallflowers : " This plant is the
Cheiranthus Cheiri var. Chameleon, figured
long ago in the Botanical Register. It is very
aptly named, as its flowers are continuallj'-
changing their color ; on first expanding they
are of a bright yellow, then gradually become
bright purple, and this peculiarity, together

2U

THE GARDENER' i^ M 0X121 LY

[August,

with its Imltil, suir^osts to mo {\w probability of
its bi'iiiji a bybrid botweoii the ycHow Scaiidi-
Davian Alpine WalltlowtT (C. alpiiuis) or C.
«coparius of TcneriHe and one of the purple
Madeiran species — either C. mutabilis or C. ,
nrbusciilus. I think it would be interesting: if
it eoiild be proved; and perhaps Mr. Allen,
who has paid inueh attention to the ^enus Cheir-
nnthus, or some other skilled hybridist, will
assist in vcniilatiuij; this imiuiry.'"

A Ci'HE FOIJ Tiruips. — A correspondent of
the Journal of Jlorticuliure, says:

"Finniiratini; once a fortni;^ht the houses in
which it is present is a good means to adopt for
eradicating it; and we have found that syring-
ing the plants, &c., infested with a solution of ^
soft soap and tobacco water is also efTectual if
applied once a week, at a temperature of 100° to
120°. Prevention, however, is better than cure,
and if the plants are kept liealthy by due ventila-
tion and abundance of moisture both in the air
and soil, the insect may be usually banished."

Okciiids. — "We had a good illustration recent- !
ly, of the ease with which orchids may be
grown. A Cattleya Mossiae, which had been
" kicking about " in a florist's greenhouses with
■other plants, was flowering beautifully in an
•old basket. It was impossible to conceive of
anything more utterly neglected and even
abused. "We should not be surprised to find
these pretty things among the most popular of
plauts for window gardening, some day.

NEJV OR RARE PLANTS.

LlJCULiA GRATIS8IMA. — This is a vigorous
greenhouse shrub or small tree of the Cinchona
family, a native of Nepal, and though by no
means a recent introduction, it is nevertheless
quite rare in our gardens. One of the finest
bloomed specimens of it I ever saw, is now
<Dec. 10th,) in perfection at Such's nurseries
South Amboy, N. J. It is planted out in the
bed of a Camellia house, is some eight or nine
feet high, has one hundred and five compound
closely compacted panicles from six to ten in-
•ches in diameter, of large and showy rose-colored
flowers, that are so powerfully and deliciously
fragrant as to perfume the whole greenhouse.
The plant has grown very thriftily, having
produced several four feet long shoots this year:
but Mr. Taplin tells me he cuts it in pretty close-

ly every year. It is never so satisfactory aa a
pot plant as it is when planted out where it re-
(luires 11(1 nnMe care than a Camellia — plenty
water and Irecjuent syringing while growing,
and in "Winter a temperature not under 4()° Fah.,
if possible. Its extreme fl«)ral wealth, and
that too at a time — Christmius week — when
llowers are in demand.certainly commends it to a
lirst position among greenhouse shrubs. Time and
again I have known Ijiculia gratissima to have
been imported from Europe, but it was always
dead when it got here ; indeed, last year we got a
l)lant of it from Kew, packed in a Wardian case
along with dozens of other exotics, so that not a pot
was shaken or a leaf disturbed, but the Luculia
was dead as usual, and all the other plants but
one, were almost as fresh as when they entered
the case.

The following note from the Botanical Mafra-
zine, G8, Tab. .''.940, may be of interest : '" It is im-
possible, says Dr. "Wallich, to conceive anything
more beautiful than this tree, when covered
with its immense rounded panicles of pink-
colored, very fragrant, large blossoms. It
is a native of Nepal and Silhet, in the for-
mer country growing in great abundance on
Nag-Urjooro and some of the other smaller
hills in the valley, also at Bechiako and Koola-
kan. It delights in exposed, rather naked situa-
tions, flowering, accprding to the locality in
which it is to be found, nearly the whole year
through." F.

Luculia Pinciana, — is another species, in leaf
and habit very like the preceeding,but the flowers
on the upper side are pure white, changing in
age to cream tinged with blush; the outside is
deep blush and the tube red. It was raised from
seeds received from Napal by Pince, of Exeter,
England, and is reputed as finer than gratissima.
The immense compound cymes being larger and
sweeter. I am not aware of its being in this
country. F.

New Zonal Pelargonium, Dr. Denny. —
AH new varities of Pelargoniums, heretofore,
have generally had a great deal of sameness
about them, but in the new Zonal, Dr. Denny,
there seems to be a variety that looks as if it
were to be the forerunner of an entirely new
class.

' In the Florist and Pomologist for June, there
is a beautiful illustration of this variety, the
flowers appear large and of good form, the petals
are nearly blue, and at the base of the upper

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

235

petals there is a dash of bright orange scarlet.
The combination of color is the great novelty.

Adiaxtum prixceps. — This splendid Fern,
one of the finest of the Maiden-hairs, introduced
by us from New Grenada through Mr. Gustav
Wallis, and was figured in the Gardeners'

length, with the lower pinnules bipinnate, so
that the frond itself becomes quadripinnate.

The pinnules are large, the upper corner
obliquely overlaying the rachis; the base margin
is entire and slightly curved, the inner side, or that
turned towards the rachis, being also entire;

ADIANTU3I PRINCEPS.

Chronicle of August U, 1875, and described by
Mr. Moore in these terms :

'•Not only does this Fern possess a degree of
boldness of character on account of the size of
the fronds, and pinnules, but the plants are also
Temarkably graceful from their fulness of de-
velopment, and the arching or pendant po.sition
they assume. The fronds are broadest at the
base, the lower pinnce being about a foot in

while the somewhat rounded anterior margin
and truncate apex are cut into broadish shallow
lobes, and are generally fertile throughout, but
when sterile are minutely serrulate. The ter-
minal pinnule is larger than the rest, sharply
cuneate at the base, and spreading out into a fan-
shaped figure, that at the top of the frond being
fully H inches across."
It is one of the finest of all exhibition Ferns. It

236

Axn (7.-}A'/)/':a7-:a".s a/o^vtz/lv

[Aitpist,

was awarded a First Class C'ortiCicatc hv the
Royal IlortiniUiiral Society, AiiLMist 4lh, 1875.
It was mufli admired when exhibited at the In-
ternational Kxl)il)ition at Cologne, Angust,
187/), and at Edinluiruii in September. — MESSRt^.
J. V I ETCH & Sons.

DouuLE-FunvEHEi) Ci NERAiu^s. — Accord-
ing to all accounts these continue to improve
with each succeeding year.

SCRAPS AND QUERIES.

Calceolarias. — With a box of remarkably
beautiful flowei-s, we have the following note
from Mr. Roderick Campbell, of the Forest Hill
Cemetery, Utica, X. Y. If the publication of
this note shall lead to an increased culture of
this beautiful flower, it will do good to flower
culture :

" I have forwarded to your address, by mail,
two boxes of Calceolaria flowers, from seed sown
last Sept., 1877. The plants aie grown in G and

8-inch pots, and number '2tVI jilants ; the smallest
plants average 18 inches through at the top, and
the largest 26 inches at the top, and about 18
inches high, one nuvss of (lowers, and just as you
see them. I shouhl l)e pleased to know what you
think of them. They arc arranged around the
largH conservatory, and make a splendid show."

A.MAUVLLis. — ,Ias. R. Townsend, New York,
writes: "Will some of your correspondents,
who have had experience, give me some infor-
mation regarding Amaryllis Belladonna andVit-
tata, and the Nerine. When they should be dried
off, and for how long, and when they should
be started into growth again : should they be
kept without any water, like the other Amarj^l-
lis ? Secondly. By proper attention to growing
and resting, can they be made to bloom every
year like Amaryllis Prince of Orange, Regina,
&c., &c.? The writer has no trouble with these,
but the Belladonnas and others will not bloom.
Any information you can give would much
oblige. The writer has no green-house, only
cold-frames and hot-beds."

Fruit and Vegetable Gardening.

COMMUNICA TIONS.

NEW EARLY PEACHES.

BY CIIAS. DOWNING.

During the past few years many new varieties
of early peaches have been introduced, com-
mencing with Alexander and Amsden, in this
country, and Early Beatrice, Early Louise,
Early Rivers, &c, by Thomas Rivers of Eng-
land. About the 20th of June I received from
D. S. Mj'ers, of Bridgeville, Delaware, speci-
mens of Kinnaman Seedling, which originated
with Samuel Kinnaman, of Delaware. Fruit
of medium size, roundish ; skin pale brownish-
red, on a pale greenish ground ; flesh greenish-
white to the stone, jucy, sweet, and of very good
flavor, and adheres partially to the pit. It is
said to be some days earlier than Alexander or
Amsden. Also about the same time, speci-
mens of the Thomas Burns peach were received
from Thos. F. Burns, of Mt. Pulaski, Illinois,
who writes me " that it is the earliest peach
known, being nearly a month earlier than the
Alexander, in this climate. The tree bore about
a half bushel, all ripening even, and about the

I same time — June 15th. For beauty of color and
i hardiness of tree I think it cannot be surpassed,
'audit being a cling, also gives it precedence
over any other variety. The tree was bought
for Hale's Early, but proved to be a seedling."
Fruit rather large, roundish, slightly depressed;,
suture large, ending at the apex, which is a
small point; skin whitish, shaded and mottled
with light red nearly over the whole surface ;
flesh white to the stone, to which it adheres ;
jucy, melting, sweet, and very good in quality.

A month earlier than the Alexander, or an}'
other variety, is certainly a great advance, and
I think there must be some mistake ; either the
tree stands in some favorable locality, or some
other cause operating to ripen it so early. Mr.
Burns does not state whether the Alexander
grows near this variety or not, which would have
given a better test as to earliness. [Mr. Down-
ing Avrites, as we are correcting this proof, that
it is the Alexander. — Ed.]

Another seedling, claimed to be two weeks
earlier than Amsden, was found on the premises
of a Mr. Morrow, and now owned by W. L.
Brown, of Ashley, Illinois. The tree is three
years old, and the fruit is said to be very beauti-

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

237

ful, and one of the finest flavored. 1 have not
seen this variety.

The Callie Scaft' peach was sent us by J. D.
Scaff, of Watervalley, Kentucky. They were so
much decayed I could judge nothing of its
merits, but Mr. Scaff and other persons inform
me that it is very fine, and equal in every way
to Amsden, if not better, of a higher color, and
about eight days earlier. It is a seedling of the
large Early York, four years old, and ripened
its first fruit this season the 27th of May.

Dr. J. H. Watkins of Palmetto, Georgia, has
been collecting and testing all the new varieties
he could obtain, and writes me " that I have
fruited together this year, on the same tree,
Alexander, Amsden, Honeywell, Early Canada,
Briggs' May, Beatrice, Louise, and Rivers
peaches. The seperate limbs were eight to ten
feet long, and had on quite a quantity of fruit.
In appearance the first four were strikmgly simi-
lar, the Honeywell slightly smaller, but equal
to any in flavor, with the exception, possibly, of
Early Canada, which showed the highest color,
and, as my little children would say, ' it's a black
peach,' (where well exposed.) If there was
any diff'erence at all in the earliness of the first
four peaches, the Canada certainly had it ; the
Canada is almost a perfect freestone, adheres
very slightly, unlike the others in this respect,
so far as I had an opportunity to examine.
Briggs' May followed these four in one week, was
smaller, but quite passable in flavor ; then came
Beatrice, Louise, Rivers. Rivers is fine for home
use ; Louise first-rate, but small ; Beatrice too
small ; "Wilder will most likely take the place
of all peaches ripening between Alexander,
Amsden, «fcc., and Hale's Early, Tillotson, «&c.

" I failed to fruit Mr. Engle's peaches this
season, but Wilder, Saunders and Downing were
fruited near here — Downing is not thought equal
to Alexander. The hardiness of trees, quality
and appearance of fruit, size, flavor, &c., will
determine which is most suitable for general
cultivation — Alexander, Amsden, Honeywell,
Downing or Early Canada, as the slight diff'er-
ence in time, where it exists, is of no practical
value. Perfect specimens of Alexander, Ams
den, Honeywell, Early Canada, were ripe this
year the 1st of June ; in 1877, June the 7th ; in
1876, June 20th.

" "Will it not take two or three years yet with
trees, or a tree of each variety, growing side by
side, on the same soil, with same culture, to de-
cide Uilly as to time of ripening? (Yes. to

give a decided opinion, five years from its first
fruiting is not too long.) I have a single tree
of each varietv, I have arranged them in this
way, besides Musser, Cumberland, and a number
of other kinds, said to be extra early, in addition
all the old kinds, and, indeed, I may say one of
each of all varieties in general cultivation, with-
out regard tcT period of maturity ; and next year,
if we have fruit, I will be able to report faith-
fully as to the behavior of Mr. Engle's peaches
in this section, by the side of all those men-
tioned. I am very much struck with the growth
of Musser, it is extremely vigorous and healthy
in apperance, and Cumberland is very little
behind it."

My experience with Alexander, Amsden,
Honeywell and Early Canada, with two years'
fruiting, is about the same as Dr. Watkins, and,
as I have before stated, that if the four kinds
were put in a dish it would puzzle a good pomo-
logist to separate them, and yet there is no doubt
but that they are all distinct kinds.

DWARF JUNE BERRY.

BY H. E. VAN DEMAN, GENEVA, KAN.

I see by the June number of the Gardener's
Monthly that you doubt the existence of a
dwarf species. There would be no doubt in 3-our
mind if you would see plants grow and bear and
propagate for ten years, when not over three
feet high. One kind that I have never gets over
two feet high.

THE DWARF JUNE BERRY.

BY II. W. WILLIAMS & SONS, BATAVIA, KANE
CO., ILL.

We enclose ,you two photographs of the
Dwarf June Berry, one representing the plant
in bearing, the other a single cluster of fruit,
natural size. They are both good representa-
tions of the manner of growth, and size and
coloring of the fruit, being both taken when the
fruit was ripening. We have cultivated them
for seven or eight years, having pi'ocured them
of a man who claimed they were the genuine
Whortleberry, which could be cultivated in the
same manner as any other fruit. The plants
have never grown higher than four feet, and
yield every year an enormous crop of fruit, or
rather would, if the birds could be induced to let
them alone, but they seem to have a peculiar
fancy for them, picking into them before they
are half ripe. The fruit we do not consider

238

THE GARDENERS MONTHLY

S^August,

worth <rrowit)f;, thouffh it n)i<:hf prove valuable
in localities where nothing else would ^row, as
it is perfectly hardy, and never fails to pro-
duce llowers in abundance, and would fruit but
for the Inrds.

It is grown and used liy many in this locality,
and by many the Havor is liked, thoueli the
majority pronounce them worthless.

[The little apples in this photograjth are the

size of Clinton grapes, and of a sort of royal

purple or plum color, and quite unlike the

ordniary June Berry of the Eastern States. —

Ei). (i.M.]

••♦•

EDITORIAL NOTES.

Early Peaches. — "We have to be very care-
ful about reports of earliness or lateness of
fruits. At the recent meeting of the Georgia
State Horticultural Society, Mr. Robinson stated
the Alexander ripened ten days before Beatrice,
and Mr. Stark that it ripened ten days later than
Beatrice, with him. Knowing that reporters
seldom get the exact spirit of the remarks, it
might be thought there was some misapprehen-
sion here, but Mr. Moses is reported as saying
" Mr. Stark's must be an exceptional case," and
is followed by Mr. Hartridge, who says, " Alex-
ander and Beatrice ripen together." Mr. Berk-
mau is also made to say Beatrice was ten days
later with him than Alexander. Mr. Robinson
declares, with him the two ripened together,
trees not twenty feet apart.

It is evident that comparative ripening is, in
some respects, an unknown quantity.

Leaf Blight in the Pear. — From the fol-
lowing, which we find in the Gardener's Chroni-
cle, it seems they are troubled with the leaf
blight in the pear, in Germany, as we are in
America, if, indeed, it was not from some of
those European countries that we first received it :

" The Pear-leaf Fungus — Roestelia cancellata.
J shall be glad if some of your readers would
give their experience of this fungus, and, if pos-
sible, suggest a remedy. I have now for three
years been sadly troubled with this para-site.
Last year it caused great devastation, and did
noi confine itself to the leaves of the Pear tree,
but attacked the wood and fruit. Last year I
sent you samples of leaves, &c., and the answer
you gave me was, ' It is the well-known fungus,
Roestelia cancellata. Burn the leaves where
ever you find them.' Xow, I think if this fun-

gus wa.0 so well-known as you state, more would
be spoken (»r written about it; I can only boast
of twenty-five years' experience in gardening,
most of which has be<'n spent in places where
Iruit was grown to some extent, but never have
I seen this fungus in anytliing like the same
abundance as at present, and only on one or two
occasions have I seen it at all. [Our correspon-
dent lives in Germany, we in Old England.
Hence, perhaps, his good luck in seeing so little
of it. Eds.] Much is written about the Colorado
beetle, but I really think there is less to fear
from that than from this fungus. As to burning
the leaves as suggested, it would with me be a
great task, when I state that I have about 1000
trees in all shapes and forms. Lastly, I would
like to know whence the fungus comes, what time
is best to look out for it; and how to destroy it
when it comes. I find, in looking through the
trees this morning, that it seems to be spreading
very fast again. — H. B., Antholt-a.-R.^''

It is well for those who think that "American
Pear Stocks" are risky, to remember that they
may run some risk even from European ones.

Fleitas St. John, or Yellow St. Johx. —
Amid the dittering opinions on the many peaches,
the members of the Georgia Horticultural So-
ciety, at a I'ecent meeting, were almost unani-
mous as to the value of this one. It is said to
ripen just after IlaleS? Early.

The FiL^tORE Strawberry. — At the Atlanta.
Pomological Society, discussion came up on this
old kind, and it was voted that for marketing
and for family use it was " the best late berry."

Peach Growing South. — The Southern
Enterprise says : The demand for trees for plant-
ing next winter will be beyond all precedent in
the history of our State. Large growers are
already ordering stock for next season's plant-

1 Cherry Culture in Georgia. — The South-
! em Enterprise saj's of the Atlanta Pomological
j Society: "This society has demonstrated that
I the sweet cherry may be successfully grown in
this section, and has collected a very fine list.
• Those exhibited at their meetings would do
' credit even to Piedmont, Ya.. the home of the
, cherry. Every farmer should have a few cherry
I trees on his place.

I Good Fruit Dryers. — A committee of the

Southwest Georgia Institute Association make

the following report: ''Your committee, to

[ whom was referred the Granger and American

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

239

Fruit Driers, beg leave to submit the following:
"After careful examination, we consider them
among the most useful inventions of the age,
and invaluable to those parties who wish to pre-
serve fruits and vegetables for winter and spring
use. We would certainly advise all parties who
may be able to do so to purchase one or the
other of them."

Asparagus in England. —
In the Garden for June 1st,
there is figured a specimen of
asparagus that was entered
for the prizes recently offered
by Mr. Robinson, for improved
asparagus culture. A speci-
men of one stalk figured
measures at the base fifteen
inches in circumference, and
two inches from the top it
measures two and a quarter
inches around. Fifty heads of
this asparagus weighed seven
pounds. If this is the best
they can raise in England, we believe that aspa-
ragus growers here can go far beyond.

Early Cherries in Georgia. — May Duke
and Coe's Transparent, are considered the two
best cherries in Georgia.

LoNGwoRTH Prolific Strawberry. — As a
companion question to "what becomes of all
the pins?" we may have what becomes of old
varieties of fruits and vegetables ? There was
Longsworth's Prolific Strawberry, for the rais-
ing of which the Cincinnati Horticultural Soci-
ety gave Mr. Nicholas Longworth a hundred dol-
lar gold medal, and which we thought had long
since wasted away like an old pin. But it seems
to be not only in cultivation, but the Atlanta,
(Ga.,) Pomological Society, vote that they in-
tend to keep it there awhile longer yet.

Insect Traps. — M. Carriere, of Jardin des
Plantes, says the Journal of Horticulture^re-^oYts
on baits for insects, that "beer and water" caught
850 flies and other winged creatures ; "pure beer"
631; "crushed pears," "weak wine," and "pure
wine" came next in the order given, and pure
honey at the bottom of the list, with only seven-
teen victims. This would seem to disprove the
literal truth of the old saying (correct as it is in
its moral) that "we may catch more flies with
a spoonful of honey than with a gallon of
vinegar." No doubt, however, the "loud" odor
of the beer, which was in a highly fermented

state, had a great deal to do with attracting the
insects.

Blanching Celery — An exchange tells us
that "Mr. E. Ruhlman explained his novel
method of growing Celery for market at the late
Conference of the Western New York Horticul-
tural Society. "Its novelty consists in the use

of an open tin band 3 inches wide for each plant.
Put around the young plant when first set,
gradually drawn up as the banking proceeds,,
and kept on when the plant is stored in the cellar,
it protects the young plant, preserves the outside
leaves, makes the labor of banking and storing
much less, and makes a better product."

[We think however, that the method we des-
cribed in one of our early volumes, of using
horse shoe tiles is much better than tin, as being
cheaper and more durable. As this may be for-
gotten we give the above illustration of the
plan.]

NEW OR RARE FRUITS
AND VEGETABLES.

The Sharpless Strawberry. — At the re-
cent reception of the Pennsylvania, Horticul-
tural Society, Mr. Merceron exhibited some
berries of this variety, which was first favorably
noticed in our magazine. When at Rochester, re-
cently, we saw a large number of kinds in trial
beds on the grounds of Ellwanger & Barry, and
this was the best of all. The writer of this heard
onp gentleman regretfully say, " I might have
purchased the whole stock of that kind, and I
made a great mistake in letting the chance go
by.-

240

THE GARDENER'S MON'IULY

S^August,

SCRAPS AND OriiR/JiS.

Boaver's Early Peach.— M. & M., Frede-
rick City, Md., under date of Jul}' 1st, send us
the following noti- : " We send you to-<lay
another specimen of Bower's early peach, but
as it is dead ripe and bruised in places so that
the juice is oozing from it, we fear that it will
be rotten before it reaches you. We would have
sent it last week, but the tree is twelve miles
from here, and we had no idea it was ripe so
soon ; it had but very few on it this season, there
being a general failure of the crop in this sec-
tion. The one we send measures 9i inches
around, weighs 7 ounces, and was ripe on the
IZGth of June, all of which leads us to believe
that it is as early as the earliest, and as to the
size and quality, as good as the best. AVe should
have said that one side is partly eaten by the
birds, which will probably hasten its decay."

[It gives us pleasure to say, that the specimen
sent, agrees with all that the writers say of it.
It is a great pleasure to see so large a size with
so early a fruit. The flavor w^as exquisite, so far
as it is possible to judge from a single specimen
sent from a distant locality we should say
this was a long way in advance of our best early
kind.— Ed. G. M.]

AVatering Strawberries.— K. J. B,. Sharp-
less, Catawissa, writes : "The late wet spell has
demonstrated to my satisfaction that straw-
berries are benefited by frequent rains, while in
fruit. Now as I propose to set a bed of them
within one hundred feet of a well, and could
attach a hose to the pump, and syringe them
•with cold water from the well in a dry time,
would wish to know whether it would be bene-
ficial or not."

[We believe it would.— Ed. G. M.]

QuixcE Disease.— E. G., No. 35 Wall street,
Trenton, N. J., writes : " If you please give me
some information about a quince tree which I
have. It seems as if there is a fly or some kind of
insect stings the limb in the night, then, the next
day, it withers up and dies. I cannot see any-
thing on the foliage or limb. The soil is in
good condition. If there is any remedy for it,
please let me know."

[This is probably the ordinary quince blight ;
but beyond the probability that it is the work
of a minute fungus allied to the fire-blight in
the pear, nothing is known. — Ed. G. M.]

The Peach Crop of Milton, Kentucky. —
At the Peach Growers' Meeting, at Milton,

Kentucky, it was reported that the peach crop
this year in that section would only be one-half
of what it has been in other years.

liAnoR AND Wages in Kentucky. — The
fruit growers of Kentucky, will pay their men
TT) cents per day this season, for pi«king fruit.

KiNNAMAN's Seedling Peach.— I). S. M.,
Bridgeville, Del., writes : " I sent you by mail
two peaches, a new Delaware seedling. We
call it Kinnaman's Seedling, originated with L.
Kinnaman, of Sussex county, Del. A tree now
eight years old, healthy tree. Other years the
peaches were eight inches around, but it has been
so cool. Peaches small ; I think it will prove
somewhat earlier than Amsden or Alexandra."

[There is so much resemblance in all these
small early peaches, that all we can fairly say
of it is that it is a sub-cling and as good as other
popular candidates for peach favors. Its exact
value will depend on careful observations with
other rivals in the field. — Ed. G. M.]

Band for Codling Worms.— At the late
Nursei'ymen's Convention, at Bochester, belts
for placing around apple trees were exhibited
with cotton fastenings on the interior surface,
soaked in some poison, probably Quassia, by
which the eggs are destroyed in the cotton with-
out the necessity of taking oft" the bands and de-
stroying the eggs. .,We have since received the
following from a New York coi-respondent .
" Are you favorable towards the party who
claims a patent right on the mode of taking the
apple worm, such as shown at the late Conven-
tion. I think, myself, if he has procurred a pat-
ent it is simply an outrage."

We are not quite sure we take in our corres-
pondent's meaning. We have a great admira-
tion for the man who, when he discovers a valu-
able fact in horticulture, gives it freely to all for
the public benefit. But if one chooses to make
a profit for himself by the exclusive use of his
discovery, it seems a very natural thing as the
world goes. It seems that the saving of the
labor and trouble of changing the bands is a novel
and valuable discovery. It is certainiy new to us.

Dyehouse Cherry.- Mr. B. J. Black, Fair-
field Covmty, Ohio, writes: "I, saw a few
specimens of Dyehouse, the culinary cherry
recently brought to notice, and which for
many years has been giving such excellent satis-
faction in central Kentucky. After fruiting it
for several years, I may say that I am very
much pleased with it. Not only is the quality

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

241

very good, but it bears well. You will notice
the kind is very small, exceeding even Shannon
;in this respect. It is probably the most valua-
ble of all Cherries for the South ; and is very
tdesii'able anywhere. Tree grows well."

"We are much indebted to our correspondent
for the opportunity to see this variety. They
ihad a curious experience in reaching us — and
'that they finally came well to hand after a week
of fight with the government, is a great deal in
their favor. Our correspondent put up the box
in strict accord with the strictest rulings of
the post office department ; and not to rob the
government even of a penny message, wrote the
name on a penny postal card, which was slipped
under the wrapping twine, so that all might
•come together. The ruler decided that this sub-
jected the whole to letter postage. We grumbled
•at this heavy sum, for a few chei'ries, whereupon

j the package was retained by the government. "We

appealed to the government,protesting that there
j was no writing contained in the parcel or on the
I wrapper, and that the postal card was entirely
! independent, and could easily have got under

the string by the motion of a mail bag. Then
I we were informed that we were to be
I fined, not because the postal card was attached
• to the box, but because the box was attached

to the postal card. Then we took the trouble
I to show that this also was untenable, and finally

our good government acknowledged itself wronw
I and the dear little cherries were restored to us.

It is 4iigh time that this nonsense about writ-
j ing on or in a package, when at best the govern-
j ment could not be cheated out of more than a
I penny postal, was abolished. When a written
; letter cost a quarter, there was some sense in it,
' but it is ridiculous now.

Forestry.

€OMMUNICA TIONS.

YELLOW COTTONWOOD.

(towa horticultural report.)
The opinion is common in central and eastern
Jowa, tliat Cottonwood is only valuable on prai-
ries for windbreaks, as the wood has little value
for fuel or for any uses of the farm or workshop.
The variety — if it be merely a variety — abundant
•on the Missouri, and also found sparingly on the
Des Moines, Iowa, Cedar, &c., in central and
eastern Iowa, known as yellow Cottonwood,
really has an economic value, aside from its value
for shelter-belts, that should be better under-
stood by our prairie settlers. Bryant says of
this variety: "Its heart wood is of a yellowish
color, not unlike that of the Tulip tree.- It grows
in the same situation as others of its kind and
is split without difficulty into rails. Shingles
have been manufactured from it which lasted a
considerable time. When sawed into lumber it
does not warp like the Cottonwood generally.
If Populus angulata, and P. monilifera are real-
ly distinct, it is a matter of uncertainty to which
this variety belongs. The subject should be in-
vestigated." Judge C. E, Whiting has grown
this tree extensively for a number of years on
the Missouri bottom in Monona county, and has
expressed his views as follows :

"We have in the Missouri bottom both the
white and yellow Cottonwood. In speaking of
the Cottonwood as a valuable timber, I speak
alone of the yellow. I have fence boards of
this yellow Cottonwood upon my farm that have
been in use for fifteen years, and they are yet
good. My house is sided with Cottonwood, has
been built ten years, and looks as well as any
pine siding in the country, and stays to its place
well. It is really better as fencing than Pine,
being tougher and stronger. It stays to its place
as well, and is equally durable. I need hardly
say it has no rival in rapidity of growth, as it far
outstrips the Willow. Along the bars of the
Missouri are millions of seedlings. They grow
up upon these bottoms over a great extent, like
prairie grass. There are enough of them to plant
groves over every prairie in the State. I went
ten miles from home, and in one day took up
thirteen thousand, eighteen to thirty inches in
height, for my own setting. With ground ready,
a good hand can set two to three thousand per
day. The fall is the best time to get seedlings
from the Missouri bottom, on account of the high
water in the spring. I set Cottonwood posts from
old trees, on the bottom, in the spring of 1860.
I moved this fence last fall, and nine-tenths
of them are yet good. The yellow Cottonwood
I split up green and put under a dry shed to dry

242

THE GAKDEAER'S MONTIIL Y

\_AugUStr

is trood oiiou';li for iny folks to usi' for fiiol. Of
my lirst planting of Cottonwood twelve years
ago, the best of them now measure sixteen inches
in diameter. "We would make plantations very
thirk ; I nf)W plant 4,350 trees to the acre; this
shoves them up straiixht and symmetrical. In
this way we jiet the dead sure thing on the side-
branch business."

A LARGE WHITE OAK.

BY CIIAS. BLAfK, IIKillTSTO'WX, X. J.

There is a "White Oak tree standing in the public
highway, about three miles from our town, which
I have always believed to be the largest in our
State, and have never seen the account of any
a.s large elsewhere. It is perfectly healthy and
vigorous yet. It has » trunk of twelve feet,
which is nineteen feet in circumference three
feet from the ground, and sixteen feet at six feet ;
it is seventy-five feet in height, and is one hun- 1
dred and twentj' feet in diameter through its
branches. Can anyone beat this for a "White Oak ?

EDITORIAL NOTES.

Hardy Catalpa Trees.— A correspondent
inquires what we know about " the hardy Ca-
talpa." There is but one species of Catalpa that
we know of. Some have believed they have a
variety that blooms a little earlier than the
other, and this may be ; it is also said that one
variety grows straighter than the other. "We
can only say there are trees in Pennsylvania, four
and five feet round, that have endured winters
■when the thermometer has indicated 20 below
zero, and are as straight as gun-barrels. "We
do not know in what respects the " hardy " and
"straight " Catalpa is hardier or straighter than
these, and should be glad to know.

There is one point worth noting. In some
situations the Catalpa, in common with the
Pawlownia, Chestnut and other trees, dies back
the first year, and often the second; or if not
dying right down, loses its terminal bud, and
this makes the stem a little crooked. If we
were growing Catalpa for timber we should
let it grow as it will for two or three years,
and then cut clean to the ground, a clear
straight sprout, ten, fifteen, or even twenty feet
high, is the result; and it goes on without dying
back after. "We have seen Catalpa that made a
sprout fifteen feet high and ten inches round, in
one season, when cut back in this way.

The IIaudy Colorado Fiiis and Spruces.
We are glad to l)e able to announce that in a^
few years the very valuable Colorado species,
Douglas', Menzics, and Engelmann's, will be
within reach of all, Messrs. Douglas & Sons, of
AVaukegan,Ill.,having succeeded in procuring last
season a large suppl}' of tiie seeds of tiiese trees,
which have already germinated tinely. The crop
oK Abies Menziesii — the Blue Spruce of the Camb-
ridge garden, or as it is known in England, A.
Menziesii Parryana^ is enormous, consisting of
many hundred thousand plants^ The test to
which these Colorado conifers have been sub-
jected in various parts of New England, proves,
without doubt their hardiness and value for all
the northern portion of this country, and for
Xorthern Europe ; indeed at St. Petersburg^
but three coniferous trees have yet proved hardy ^
and of these Abies Engelmanni is one.

It is suggested that these trees will be found
able to resist the trying climate of the plains of
Nebraska and Kansas, where thus far the Red
Cedar alone among coniferous trees succeeds^,
and where there is a special need of evergreen
wind-breaks and shelter plantations. "We shall
be disappointed if the Colorado Menziesii, with
its rigid foliage and compact growth, does not
make the best evergreen hedge-plant which has
yet been tried in the Northern States.

Since the above was written, the venerable
pioneer in American forest tree raising, the
Senior Douglas walked into our oflice. Of
course we talked with him about the above mat-
ters of interest, and finally mentioned that we
had prepared a paragraph already about it. The
modest old gentleman was horrified. "Please
do'nt put that in, people knoAV I have visited
Philadelphia, and they will think at my request
or desire, you have done this." "Well, it is a
pleasure to hear a man talk like that in these
days ; but still we do not know why the public
should be punished in not getting a good piece
of news, simply because we had the good fortune
to enjoy Mr. Douglas' company.

Forestry in Portugal. — Those whose edu-
cation reaches no further than what the}'^ see in
the papers, must have a hapi:)y time in knowing
, what to believe. Take this, for instance :
I " It is reported from Texas, sprigs of Pine, Hol-
ly, Dogwood, Elm, Ash, Walnut, Apple and
Peach have been grafted on a Texas Oak tree,
and grew right along as though nothing has
happened. Taken altogether, they constitute

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

243

the most remarkable "happy family" of the
horticultural kingdom."

Then we have been told on the very best
authority that "Portugal is nearly destitute of
timber, having only 4.40 of its acreage under
trees." Andnow comes Mr.W.B. Hemsley , and
he says of Portugal :

" Woods of Pinus pinaster cover altogether an
area of nearly 40,000 acres, and P. Pinea be-

tween 5000 and 6000 acres, and the timber is
more costly than Pine wood imported from the
north of Europe. Great and successful efforts
are being made to increase the area of
forests."

If we have 45,000 acres of these two species
alone, we would not be surprised if the woody
area did not foot up handsomely when other
trees are taken in.

Natural History and Science.

COMMUNICA TIONS.

A MURDEROUS PLANT-DARLINCTONIA
CALIFORNICA.

BY J. G. LEMMON, TO THE CALIFORNIA ACADEMY

OF SCIENCES.

No plant indigenous to the Pacific coast is
more profoundly interesting than our Darling-
ionia Californica. The eye of the uncultured
tourist or listless stock-man, no less than the
studious naturalist, is at once fascinated when
first its secret haunt is invaded in the fastnesses
of the Sierra Nevada. A startling mass of
green, yellow and crimson snake-heads, high
raised in air and thrusting enormous, flaming,
forked, curling tongues in every direction; a
developed warning principle in the passive veg-
etable kingdom ; a table-turner upon an old
eternity-endured enemy; a coming plotter
against an alert foe ; an ingenious deluder of the
unwary; a cruel murderer of the alarmed; an
insatiate vengeance-taker; a bold, watchful, cold-
blooded, confederated assassin — the Darling-
tonia forms a frightful spectre of the shadowy
swamp, a horrid incubus of subsequent dreams !

" Abhorrpd shape ! That only grace of beauty takes,
And brilliant hues to compass evil."

A CONSUMMATE VILLAIN.

The paraphernalia which the Darlingtonia
employs for attracting its victims is that of the
saloon-keeper and the Cyprian : gaudy colors,
ravishing odors, delicious sweets and delightful
apartments. Its machinery for destroying them
is that of the highwayman and the arch-fiend,
deceitful traps, tripping obstacles for the feet,
smooth declined planes, pointed dagger-thrusts
from behind and silent wells of oblivious waters.
What of enchantment and bewilderment is not
furnished by the many-colored, revolute, honey-
coated mustache, inviting to the spacious.

vaulted, sugar-lined, many-windowed hood of
the large, tall leaves. Each robust plant provides
extra by sending up a long, slender, shining
flag-staff and suspending a flaunting array of
green, gold and crimson bunting, loosely enfold-
ing nectaries of scented sweets, the curious
flower of the Darlingtonia. Surely no member
of the vegetable kingdom has so remarkable
and unmistakable a mission, none steps so far
out of its normal state to perform it, and none
executes its trust with more ingenuity and
success.

MODUS OPERANDI.

How the DaWmo"/oreza is constructed and the
mode and results of its warfare have been made
the subject of searching expeditions and elabor-
ate essays by Darwin, Hooker, Gi-ay, Canby,
and recently by a fellow-member of this acad-
emy, Harry Edwards. But I trust that an en-
thusiastic botanist, whose facilities for observa-
tion have been most fortunate, may be pardoned
for presenting a few facts, gained, not without
many different interviews of this notorious
rogue, at various seasons of the year.

Living less than sixty miles from one of the

few localities where the Darlingtonia is found

in its best estate — Butterfly valley, near Quincy —

I make yearly pilgrimages to its home, I camp

by its battle ground, I conquer my repugnance

to its hideous aspect and its cruel work, become

I accustomed in time to the stench of its rotting

I victims and I carefully study its wonderous

I mechanism. I note its aspects, and appliances

varying with the seasons. I feed it with otlier

food — flesh, fish, fowl and farinaceous diet,

' sugar, vinegar, salt, pepper, oils, saleratus,

acids, etc. I witness the welcome of agreeable

diet, the sickening effects of poisons. I ply it

with unusual captives — frogs, snakes, minnows,

I tadpoles — and note the arrival of new forces or

! the adaptation of combined powers to meet the

244

THE GARDRXF.R'S MOX TIILY

\_AU!^iSty

new conditions. I recognize flie tniacity of thoughtful inquries.

puri)ose, tlic alniosi intelliirent us(> of means I I have reported tliese observations so often

DARLIKGTOlSriA CALIFORXICA.

and freverently I humble my spirit before the
revelation of infinite wisdom and power.

and fully, that every year brings increasing in-
quiries from thinkers in distant lands, asking

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

245

to have this or that mystery cleared up ; or to
know if this or that phenomenon ie connected
with the history of the famous plant. One of
the closest questioners is W. M. Canby, of
Wilmington, Del. The facts elicited formed the
theme of a most exhaustive essay, that was read
before the American Academy of Sciences and
reprinted in most of the languages of Europe.

" WHY ARE THE LEAVES TWISTED ONE-HALF
AVAY ROUND?"

"Was Canby's last demand. It will be the es-
pecial object of this essay to answer this ques-
tion.

To discuss this subject thoroughly and with
the expectation of arriving at the truth, we
must begin where the zoologist does with his
puzzles — with embryology, the infant state.
The seed of the Darlingtonia is a brownish,
hairy, Indian-club shaped object, about three
lines long. It would be a bur, but for the
flaccid, hollow, barbless hairs. Thrown out in
hundreds by the large, bursting pericarps, they
fall upon the running water or mossy carpeting
of the bog. A seed here and there is caught by
its hair in favorable conditions and sends down
a tiny radicle in search of a foundation, whereon
to erect a unique charnel-house of many tall,
feeding funnels. The precursor of the prospec-
tive phalanx of rapacious, cylindrical stomachs,
is a very mnocent looking little affair.

(To be Coutinued.)

EDITORIAL NOTES.

Lightning-proof Beech Trees. — We are
told that " English authorities claim that Fig
Trees and Cedars are rarely struck by lightning ;
the Beech, Larch, Fir and Chestnut are obnoxi-
ous to it ; but the trees which attract it most are
the Oak, Yew and Lombardy Poplar; hence it
follows that the last named are the trees most
proper to be placed near a building, since they
will act as so many lightning conductors to it.
Again, the electric fluid attacks in preference
such trees as are verging to decay by reason of
age or disease."

Xo one has yet responded to our inquiry for a
Beech stricken, but we will say, in regard to the
above paragraph, that a Walnut is not so very
far removed from a Chestnut, and on the grounds
of Miss Fox, near Germantown, they are so
often " struck " as to create the impression that
they are favorably disposed to receive the elec-

tric fluid. As to the " Fir," if by this the Eng-
lish authorities mean, as perhaps they do, the Nor-
way Spruce, the writer of this was within twenty
feet of the trunk of one once that had its bark
peeled off by a stroke. We should not put much
faith in the shelter of any tree during a thunder
storm.

PiNUS PONDEROSA. — The Gardener''s Chronicle
has been giving some sketches of scraggy Pinus
ponderosa, as seen in the Rocky Mountains,
which we can forgive for the sake of the pictur-
esque rocks of Monument Park,whichaccompany
the pictures ; but, surely, our good contemporary
is mistaken in its statement that it varies much
in the Rocky Mountains, and that the string of
synonyms has anything to do with such varia-
tions. We appreciate that kindness of heart
which thus lets down nurserymen's blunders so
easily. There is a great difference between the
Pinus ponderosa of the Rocky Mountains and
the form or forms on the Pacific coast ; but the
Pinus ponderosa of the Rocky Mountains is re-
markably consistent with itself. But this is
what the Chronicle, says :

" For the accompanying views (figs. 138, 139),
representing this tree in its native country, we
are indebted tothecourtesy of Sir Joseph Hooker,
the President of the Royal Society. Sir Joseph
met with the species here represented in various
parts of the Rocky Mountains, and noted its
great variability according to soil and other con-
ditions. The photographs from which our
figures were executed were taken in Monument
Park, Colorado, under the auspicies of the
United States Geological Survey, and represent,
not only the stunted and contorted tree, but also
the curious stratification of the rock : in fig. 139
pillars have been formed capped with a layer
of rock of harder texture. The whole forms an
admirable example of the erosive power of
water, in wearing away the softer layers, and
leaving comparatively untouched the harder
strata of rock. To the artist, geologist, or physi-
cal geographer these views are particularly in-
teresting, while the landscape gardener may
derive a few hints as to the formation of rock-
work. The lover of coniferous trees may per-
haps receive a shock at seeing what his favorites
become at an advanced age, and truly many
conifers are scraggy-looking objects enough
when seen in Pineta or in parks, where their
gaunt denuded limbs are not in harmony with
the surroundings; but let them be seen in
association with bold rocky scenery, as in our

24(;

TJdE GARDENER'S MONTHLY

\^Aiisust,

illustrations, ami the effi'ct produced is by no
jneans unsatisfactory. Wc liopi' shortly to pub-
lish sonic illustrations, from Sir Joseph's pencil,
sh<n\ iu!^ (be appearance of sonic of these trees
ill tluir iKilivf country as observed by him in
his recent journey. Pinus jionderosa is widely
distril)utcd in the Rocky ^lountains, and varies
consi(leral»ly in dilVerenl localities, so that it has
received several aliases, such a P. hrachyi^tera,
P. Beardsleyi. V. En!j;elmanni, P. Benthamiana,
P. Sinclairiana, P. Parryana, &c. A «j;ood ac-
comit of it, with a figure of the leaves and cone,
-will be found in the fourth volume of the Jour-
nnl of the lloHicultural Society, 184'.), p. 212,
from the pen of Mr. Gordon. "

J.KiiiTNi NO-RODS. — AVhilc on a recent trip
to Rochester, we saw a barn that the day before
had been consumed by fire fi-om lightning.
The gable end was still standing, protected, per-
haps, by the "lightning conductor," which still
hung from the ruin. Of course it was " defec-
tive," but just how and where it was defective
it should be as easy to show before a fire takes
place as after.

Yucca baccata. — Just why the Yucca bac-
cata should be called "Rocky Mountain Banana"
it is hard to tell. Perhaps it is for the same
reason that we have " Rocky Mountain hats,"
and Rocky Mountain all sorts of things. At
any rate this is what an English friend tells us :

"At a recent meeting of the Linnsean Society,
Mr. J. R. Jackson exhibited specimens of fruits,
leaves and portions of the stem (used as a sub-
stitute for soap) illustrating peculiarities of Yuc-
ca baccata, Torrey. This plant extends from
South Colorado far into Mexico. Northwards
acaule.scent, southwards it developes a trunk ten
feet high. The fruit, a dark purple berry, is
preserved and eaten as Winter provision, and
the plant is commonly known as the Rocky
Mountain Banana."

Vitality of Seeds. — Van Tieghem contri-
butes a paper to U Annuales des Sciences Naiu-
relles on the reason why some seeds retain vitality
longer than others. We have not read the origi-
nal, but give the following abstract from an
English source :

"It is a question wholly of the condition of
the albumen. In certain oily seeds the albu-
men changes its character before the plant is
ready to germinate, and then the sprouting
plant feeds on just what it finds, and which may
or may not be nutritious ; but in other cases the
plant feeds directly on the albuminous matter,

or, in other words, on its endosperm. There are
some jilantK which have no all)umon, and these
are so constituted that they can gel their nourish-
ment directly from the sf)il. In old albuminous
seeds that fail to show, the reason is that the al-
bumen has all or nearly all been chemically
changed, and there is nothing left to give the
little germ sui)port till it is able to take care of
itself." Our contemporary veiy well adds :
" Why ex-allmiuiiious seeds perish is not made
clear."

If the pith of the paper be correctly rendered,
it seems rather like saying why some seed sprout
rather than why they retain their vitality. As
some foresters know, seeds may be gathered
from trees on one day and some the next, yet
j some of those seeds will grow at once, some re-
main in the ground a year, and some not sprout
till the third year.

SCRAPS AND QUERIES.

Curious Cabbage Leaf.— C.B. F., Raleigh,
N. C, sends a cabbage leaf. Along the stout mid-
rib of the leaf, a large number of leafy processes,
as if small leaf blades have appeared, seeming
like smaller leaves growing from the larger one,
and giving the rib a pretty fringed appearance.
Some of these little leaves branch out into stalks
with small heads like Cauliflower points, and,
indeed, one can see that with a little more de-
velopment they would be flowers. It affords a
very interesting illustration of the morphologi-
cal fact, that all the parts of a plant are but
modified leaves, for here is a leaf doing all that
an ordinary Cabbage stalk or stem could do.
The Cauliflower, by-the-way, is from the same
wild plant that the Cabbage originally came
from. Our correspondent says that nearly all
the leaves on the one Cabbage were like to this
one.

Double-leaf in a Begonia. — W. N. M.,
Oswego, N. Y., writes : " I enclose you a rough
sketch of a strange freak in a Begonia Rex
(var. Queen Victoria). Has the thin* ever come
under 3'our notice before — two perfect leaves on
one stalk?"

Three leaves on the plant, and the central
one erect, with two large leaf-blades from the top
of the strong leaf-stalk. It looks as if the stalk
may have been intended for a flower-stem, and
concluded finally, as one might say, to bear twin
leaves instead. Some such experiences in plants
are not uncommon, and are in accord with well-
known morphological laws.

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

247

Literature, Travels i Personal Notes.

COMMUNICA TIONS.

PANSY PORTRATURE OR HEARTSEASE
PICTURES.

BY AVM. T. HARDING, UPPER SANDUSKY, OHIO.

Poor Jeremiah Crocus ! was in trouble no
•doubt. He looked sorely distressed and woe
begone ! His heart was aching, if not breaking !
•overwhelmed with misery ; his soul was in
:agony, intense ! Deep and audible were the
■sighs, forced through his compressed lips, as he
paced to and fro, by the side of a Heartsease
Tjorder. Heartsease ! forsooth, what a cruel
;misnomer. Hearts-agony ! was the name. The
lachrymal floodgates were full to overflowing.
jBig tears glistened in the corners of his swollen
•eyes, ready to start on fluvial pilgrimages, down
liis elongated, and grief-stricken features. Prob-
:ably, from a natural proneness towards the soil
he delved in, his form was downward bent. He
■seemed sad and dejected, as now and anon,
(he cast a melancholy glance towards the Pansy
l)ed. And well he might ; for there lay the
•cause of his disquietude and sorrow. The grim
Ttyrant, while remorselessly hurling his death-
•dealing missiles, had stricken a beloved one;
and the pride of the garden, lay dead, by his
side ! " Well a day! well a day! woe is me,
for I am undone! Blast the guano! rank poison,
it is!" exclaimed Crocus; in tones more
iin sorrow, than in anger, "Friend Crocus,
what ails thee ? good man ; why mingle thy
■grief with profanity'? Such language, is most
grievous to hear; and ill becomes thee, an old
Gardener." Thus, spoke Friend Obadiah Bland,
'from behind a holly hedge ; where he had un-
wontedly listened to the lamentations of Jere-
miah. " Dead, dead as' a door nail !" replied
the miserable man, in tones dolorous. "Who
lis dead?" quoth the man in drab ; " I pray thee,
imake known thy distress.''' Alas I replied the un-
happy Crocus, "Captain Cook, is dead and gone!
■atid I shall never, never see his pleasant face
again'" Said Obadiah: — "Verily, I fear,
though thine heart be right, thy reason is wrong.
'Captain Cook, dead ! tliou sayest. Why poor
unhappy man ! he having ventured far from his
home, was unkindly cut 'off"; long ago. The
wicked cannibals, on some heathen isle, unjustly
slew him with a spear ; yea, Tailed, and eat him !
iin a very savage, and uuhecoming maimer,

years gone by." " Pooh !" exclaimed Jeremiah*
"nothing of the kind, I do assure you ! He was
poisoned with a strong dose of guano ! That,
did the job, for him; yesterday!" Meaning a
favorite Pansy of that name, which had been
too liberally treated with the new-fangled stuff.

This misadventure occurred soon after the
newly discovered Peruvian guano found a
market in Great Britain. The merits of the
marvelous manure were but then imperfectly
known, and often led to mistakes of a mis-
chievous nature when applying it.

The writer remembers the time when pigmy
Pansies were highly prized and much admired.
Yes, pansies but little better than the diminu-
tive Viola tricolor, and V. arvensis, growing wild
in the woods and fields. They were funny little
flowers indeed. Although considered very
pretty then, they sadly lacked the form and sub-
stance of this day's beauties. Perhaps no
flowers have improved more than they. But a
few years ago, yellow colors chiefly predomi-
nated among them. Their lean, pinched up
features, looked starved ; not much like the
round well-fed comely ones we see now-a-days.
Two curious kinds, knowai as Mr. T. Cat, and
Mrs. Mouser, much resembled feline faces ;
hence the name. The long upper petals stood
apart, as like cats ears as they could be, and
with eye marks, and pencilled smellers, bore a
remarkable likeness to grimalkin's countenance
when In a meditative mood.

George the Second had a miserable look
in his jaundiced face, while the Chimney Sweep
was more renowned for black looks than other-
wise. The Merry Monarch seemed to have a
twinkle in his eye, as he smiled at pretty Nell
Gwyn, one of the fairest-faced beauties of the
day. Now Venus had a perfect form, and
lovely face, slightly flushed; and so had Fair
Rosamond, whose lower lip seemed as if pout-
ing for a kiss. Cinderella's glassy face shone
brighter than her slippers. Guy Fawkes, the
gunpowder plot man, had a rather undecided
phiz, as if smeared with soot and sulphur. Poor
Cranmer! looked singed, and sad; while Bonny
Lad, was sweet and fair. The Charcoal-burner,
was smoky. Golden Fleece, although very
bright, was neither woolly nor metallic. Canary
Bird had plenty of color, but no song ; never
warbled a note. White Friar, was as white as

248

THE GARDENER'S MOXTHLY

\_Augustr

any of the mondicant orders could be ; while
<Jray Friar, was as irray as any nioiiaslic man of
tilt' (inU-r of Franiiscaiis is supposed to bo. No
Dominican ever had a more sal)lc, sombre, or
sad look, than the Black Friar. Rob Roy was
rather roui;h and ra!2;ti;ed ; his features were
weather beaten, and thin. Robin Hood was
not much better, as he looked with irreen-eyed
Jealousy on Little John ; with Maid Marian by
his side. The Exile of Erin looki'd none the
worse for expatriation, as he cheerfully gazed
on the scene. Dick Turpin, " a gentleman of
the road," had a sinister and saffron face. George
Barnwell looked rakish and unreliable at the
frail, though fair featured Millwood. King
Richard was purple with rage; Bosworth field
was too much for him. Linna.nis was sad and
seedy. His yellow lip hung listlessl)- ; a wretched
caricature of the mild mannered man. Sir
Roger de Coverly looked rather roguish, and
fluslied; while Gipsy Jane, black eyed, dark
comiilexioned, and beautiful, seemed a fit com-
painion for the rollicking Roger. Dr. Jenner
was of uncertain color, much like a man with
the measles — or small-pox. The Miller of
Mansfield was the color of a flour bag ; not
very white. Bacchus either had the blues, or
the blues had him ; for that was his color, as
near as blue could be. Polly Hopkins had a
pretty face ; for a beautiful blonde was she.
Pale-faced Hope looked steadfastly upwards.
Cleopatra, queen like, wore the royal purple ;
while the Grand Turk, wore a white turban.
Shylock had a wicked miserly cast of fea-
tures, of a parchment hue. Giles Scroggins
looked ghastly pale at the Phantom's waxy
form. Judith was a sweet brunette. Black-
eyed Susan like Lesbia, hath "a beaming eye,"
and a face that is fashioned to love.

There is something in a name, and our fiow-
ery fathers knew it, " and governed themselves
accordingly." They certainly evinced an apti-
tude for characteristic nomenclature. For in-
.stance ; the markings of Black -eyed Susan re-
sembled eyes of that color; and were as fatal,
when flashing as were, those of Kate Kearney.
Golden Fleece was a yellow flower; and the
Carmelite Friar was white, &c.

When the writer was a young lad, Pansies were
mostly of the Angular type, somewhat scraggy.
Not much like the improved varieties before
him now, with faces " as round as a ring." Some
look comely, grave, jolly, smiling, saucy, jovial,
pensive, and cheerful; all facial expressions, a

physiognomist would readily recognize. Ti>
(juote the language of Cliesterfield, they are
"a symmetrical assemlilage of beautiful faces."'

The untimely dt-atii of C'ajitain Cook, the
favorite flower of honest old Crocus — whose-
death "he lamented right sore;" was almost
copper colored. Just such a sunburnt hue, a*
tlie old navagator would be likely to get, while
sailing around the sunny Isles of the sea. The
decided cast of features liad a singular pensive
expression; such a.s would naturally become-
such a man. Although but half the size of the
kinds now in cultivation, it was a pretty little-
well-shaped flower ; one of Viola's choicest gems..

Since that time " a change came o'er the
spirit of my dream" of floricultural perfection :
"The changer of all things, yet immutable."'
has through the aid of man, worked wonders in
the laboratory of Nature ; and in the wide fields'
of Horticulture, Agriculture, Arboriculture, and'
Floriculture, " hath done marvelous things."

As the march of time has gone forward, so
has the march of intelligence kept p.ace, with
good gardening at the front. The fertile soil,
ever bountiful, has yielded a rich harvest of
beautiful flowers, little thought of by the Flor-
ists of other days.

Lovely Heartsease flowers measuring two and
a half inches across, are not uncommon on the
borders, where but a' few years ago blooms of
less than one inch were seen. Let me remind:
the reader this is no fancy sketch of the writer,,
who, while he holds up the mirror to Nature,,
throws on the canvas, pleasant pictures of posies-
passed by. In those days there was " Gardening
for Profit," as well as " Gardening for Pleasure,"
and poor old Crocus knew there was " Monej' in
the Garden;"" he dug for it, and found it, as all.
industrious diggers do ; — thouuh in his case T
fear but little turned up for hnn.

Heartsease ! good rt'aders all desire and all
deserve ; and though often sought for, is but sel-
dom found. It seems as illusive as the Hiber-
nian ^s flea, who, " every time he put his thumb
on the little baste, it was gone." But not so,
with the Heartsease I offer you, it will continue
for an indefinite period. " It may be for years,
or it may be for ever," if only well cared for.

Most seedsmen advertise Pansy, or Hearts-
ease seed,, of the best strain in variety, which is
a cheap' way of getting a stock. The Nursery-
mea and; Florists have for sale good sized.
plants, ready to bloom, and true to name, at
reasonable rates. If. the amateur elects to>

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

249

raise them from seed, let him prepare a
bed of good friable loam, made rich with
a liberal quantity of decayed cow manure,
(well rotted horse manure, from an old hot
bed, makes a good substitute) dig deep, and
thoroughly pulverize, smooth otfwitli the rake,
and sow on the sm-face. Cover the seed very
slightly., water tlirough a fine rose pot, and they
will soon germinate. I always prefer sowing in
a cold frame, either in Spring or Autumn, as
they are easily sheltered during storms, or
shaded if too hot. Free ventilation is given as
soon as the seedlings are seen, and they are
picked out when big enough to handle.

It is better to transplant the Spring seedlings
where they are wanted to bloom, through the
late Summer, and Fall months. It is advisable
to pick off all the flower buds through the
early season, and the plants will grow more
stocky, and will bloom amazingly, until
checked by frost and snow. A good plan is to
measure the hot-bed frames, and plant in rows
from six to eight inches apart, and before wintry
weather comes on, place the spare frames over
the bed, and if kept from freezing, they will
continue to bloom without ceasing until spring
time comes again.

Those left outside, protect with a few l)eech
or oak leaves, nicely scattered among the plants ;
and with a I3 ranch or two thrown on, to prevent
the wind from blowing away, they will often
weather the storms, if not too much tempest-
tossed. August sown seed may be treated in like
manner, and they will liower freely from early
Spring until scorched with the hot Summer's
sun.

Very few plants will flower at so low a tem-
perature as the Yiolas. If potted or planted
in boxes, and placed near the glass in a cool
part of the greenhouse, they will well reward
the cultivator for his pains. They may be in-
creased by division of roots, or multiplied by
cuttings, as the}' strike very freely. There is no
mystery about the management of the very
companionable Pansy. It is really a good-na-
tured plant, one of the kind we most of us fall in
love with at once. Neither is it to be wondered
at, when their soft, candid, sweet faces look as
pretty as possible, while modestly peeping at

you.

As the writer began the subject with the octo-
genarian Florist, it seem but proper it should
end with him. In " the sere and yellow leaf,"
well wearied with years, he finally put by his

pruning knife and spade ; his work was done,,
and well done. With a tender regard, he took
a last fond look at the flower beds he had so
long and lovingly tended; bid adieu to the liv-
ing, and joined the dead. The indirect cause of
his dissolution, was ulcerated fubers : 1 mean the
potatoe disease or murrain of 1847, so dire in its
consequencf^s throughout the country, especially
among the poor people, so distressed his mind,
and excited his commiseration for the sufferers,
as to seriously effect his good and sympathetic
heart, and bring its kind and generous pulsation
to a close.

EDITORIAL NOTES.

Traveling Notes by the Editor. — The
writer took "a few hours to himself," recently,
by a trip to Rochester to visit the Nurserymens'
Convention, and we can say that it feels good to
be once in awhile "out of office," and to be not
an editor, but a mere nurseryman — one among
many, like the rest of the folks. People often
wonder how so much can be done now-a-days,as
compared with what our fathers did; but in truth,
the conveniences at our command are so much
greater that it would be to our shame if we made
no additional use of them. So, long after the
sun went down, the steam cars take the writei"
i twelve miles ; he presides at a meeting ; the
meeting closes, and again the cars take him to
1 the Pennsylvania Railroad depot, where the
j Pullman car is in waiting, and where he goes pleas-
; antly to sleep. But the car does not go on its
journey till midnight,and the sound sleeper knows
: nothing till the porter wakes him to know if be
, desires breakfast at Williamsport, and by tele-
graph the breakfast is ordered, and just ready to
order when Williamsport is reached. I mention
this little matter here for two reasons : first, be-
cause it shows how easy it is to do a great deal
of work as compared Avith old times, and^
secondly, because I am conscious that this let-
ter is following some European sketches, and I
cannot but feel the immense advantages we, in
this country, enjoy in comforts and facilities over
the people of the Old World. I do not know
that the average duration of life in our country
shows a less figure than Europe shows, but our
facilities for doing tilings easily are so much
more freely scattered amongst the multitude,
that an average American lives double as long
as an European does, if what he can see and
know in his life, be the measure thereof; and it.

•250

Tin-: cARni:y]:R\s moxiiilv

{_Au^ust,

IS, perhaps, the cojiscionsnoss of this fact,
whicli ill llif ]>ri(lo of thai kiiowlrdm- iimkcs s<>
many Ami'rican.s ovci-do thtir work, ami Ixtohu'
so imu'li the slave to their oeeii|ialioii, that in
-another sense they do not live at all.

Havini: hrwikfasted at Williainsport, I took
notes of my fellow-travelers. Here are the
usual set. who " took the Northern Central route
to enjoy the nia«:nilieent seenery, you know,"
Imsily encaszed in a diseussion ahout public
atlairs at AVashin<rton, and for all the beauty,
niitrht as well have been blind. I should not
like to have to be a witness before their friends
^s to how much beauty they saw I Then there
was the novel reader, the devourer of the police
news, the resjular daily paper scanner, the usual
proportion of pillowed heads, and the inevitable
couple just on a bridal tour, and whom I always
forszive for not finding anythinf;: more lovely and
beautiful outside of the Pullman coach than they
can see within.

But the book I love to read, when I travel, is
not in any library, so I eagerly scan its broad
pages while I may.

How strange is the waking up in the morning
among these cloud-capped hills ! Down where
I live, near the level of the sea, the Spring vio-
lets had scarcely gone; but here the Golden Rod,
the special favorites of Autumn, were already in
blossom. Summer was, however, still lingering
as we could see by the gorgeous masses of ""^Vood
Laurel," Kalmia latifolia, which, b3'-the-way,are
only "Wood " Laurels. At places lower down,
the little seeds, fine as dust, would never make
a successful sprout in the open ground of a
sunny plain, so they have to take to the woods
to get even a taste of the pleasures of life ; but
here in the mountain mists they take to the naked
exposed rocks anfl open places, and those who
have seen them onl}' in the shelter of some
friendly wood can have no idea of their magni-
ficence as seen up here. I shall never forget the
impression made on me once in the past, when
awakening from my bed of branches in a deep
cleft on a high mountahi, I saw the rising sun
Tetlected from a snow-cap in the long distance.
I have seen nothing since that recalled this pleas-
ure so vividly as these Kalmia-covercd moun-
tain tops, with their rosy morning hue. Then
here and thei-e were bushes of the Red-berried
Elder, with fruit as if made into bunches out of
Red Currants, and the beautiful Howering bram-
ble. Rubus odoratus, and many other handsome
native flowers, which if I were writing now as

an editor, and was answering the question why

liusc pniiy lliingsare not in our pretty gardens,
I shdiild iiave to say " we do not know."

And there are jjretty gardens among these
hills too. I was parlit'iilarly struck on this
little trip, more so than 1 was ever before, that
till' houses of our farmers, and the surroundings
of the poorer classes, are not so fiorally destitute
as we have been in the habit of regarding them.
Over and over again have I heard the great ad-
miration expressed for the Roses and Honey-
suckles of English cottages, and the regret that
our own are not like iheni. But they are; and
a ride over the Northern Central will prove it.
I cannot say that the walls of the buildings are
covered, as the Europeans are. The dwellings
are not as nicely embowered in blooming foliage,
nor are the window-sills filled with pot plants
from ground-floor to attic — our climate is scarcely
suited to this sort of thing — but the hardy gar-
den flowers, and more especially the care for
fruit trees and trees for shade, and shrubs for
flowers, were fully as wisely planted around
these humble dwellings as they are elsewhere.
Was it always so in these wild, out-of-the-way
parts of our country ? I think not. I believe
it is a progressive growth, and I could not but
think the much-abused "tree peddler" had some
hand in this progress. He has his black sheep
in the flock — and we strongly suspect in his
dealings with customers he is not much better
than other men — but there can be no denying
that he has carried a love for tree-planting, and
a taste for flowers into many a hundred out-of-
the-way places that the ordinary stream of trade
would have never reached. The fruits especially
were a sight to see ; the cherries particularly. I
never saw trees so loaded, and strikingly so in
the vicinity of Elmira.

But I must say a few words of Rochester.
The Nurserymen's Meeting is of the National
Organization which meets once a year to discuss
matters of interest to the business. It was a sur-
prise to me to find so many of the best men in
the trade there. What might be regarded as
" crooked sticks " were extremel}' scarce among
them ; and the whole discussion turned on how
the public might be protected against fraud, and
how all that is right and proper as between the '
buyer and seller should be advanced. Of course
they wanted to know how to make money out of
their trade; but 1 never met a body of men
where the desire that the great public should
get the full worth of all they bought was so

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

251

pointedly kept in mind. The Rochester ^N'ursery-
men behaved very handsomely, and no trouble
or expense seemed to be too much to make their
visitors remember the week. Points of Horti-
cultural interest were visited, and we had a good
chance to see how the people enjoyed Horticul-
ture, and ill what condition was the nursery trade.
As I could only spare a few hours there, I
had not the chance to see all the others saw ;
but I looked through the nurseries of Gould
Brothers, and found them largely engaged in
Rose culture, besides the usual items of a gene-
ral nursery stock. A beautiful grove of natural
timber, just before their " cottage door," makes
a call there particularly attractive to the lover
■of cool breezes, on a hot Summer's day.

Mr. Little's nursery struck me as being particu-
larly rich in ornamental trees and shrubs. Whit-
ney's Tree Digger, a machine for taking up, entire,
large trees, was tried for our benefit, on some
six-feet Balsam Firs, and ten-year old Maples.
It would have been no defeat if Whitney had
been overcome in such a test as this, but the
"machine went right through.

Mr. Hooker's nurseries are strong in special-
ties. He is working up the Early Dawn Grape,
which pleased so many last year at Baltimore.
His connection with the Brighton Grape is also
well-known. He also has extensive trial-grounds
•of Gooseberries, and is working up great quanti-
ties of some of the most approved kinds. The
grafted Gooseberries and Currants which was so
•attractive at the Centennial Exhibition, were
■also growing here ; and besides this there was
the usual variety of nursery stock.

Mr. Vick's grounds abounded with llowers. I
never saw so many pansies in one lot together,
and scores of hands were collecting the seeds.

EUwanger & Barry's grounds always charm,
by the " Specimen " and " Home-grounds,"
which are so highly kept, and very instructive.
The lawn is beautiful ; and a story is told of one
•of the visitors who shook the ashes, and finally
the stump of his cigar into his hat, rather than
•soil the elegant green carpet he was walking on.
An excellent tribute to Western good manners!
for I have not always found smokers as careful
of a real good carpet as my friend was of this
beautiful lawn. E. & B's strong point seemed
to me to be in fruit trees. Hundreds of acres of
these were in capital condition, the Pears especi-
ally so.

Of the private grounds, Mr. Ellwanger's is
'Charming. I never saw a small place more

beautifully designed, and the design more capi-
tally executed. It would not do to say that a
good landscape gardener was spoiled to make a
nurseryman, for Mr. E.'s success in the one has
been as great as in the other.

The love of flowers, trees, grass, &c., is very
general about Rochester, but, perhaps the mis-
fortune of my hasty run, I saw no remarkable
garden designs. I should judge there are but
few such specimens of true garden art, as is seen
at Mr. Ellwanger's. But the evident general love
of being "nice" in the floral way, is a good
foundation to build real garden art upon.

And the people are quite liberal with their
gardens. I was shown, by the kindness Mr. W.
C. Barry, through many private grounds of from
five to twenty acres, which were freely open to
all well-conducted persons. Indeed this com-
munity of garden pleasures is a marked feature
of Rochester. The houses are mostly set back
from the street, and there being no fences, the
lawns run down to the side-walks. I cannot say
that I admire the plan. The generosity which
makes one's grounds aid in the general beauty
of a city is highly creditable to public spirit ; but
our idea of a garden is something to retire into,
and enjoy in quiet contemplation ; and to have
instead all this in the full public glare, where
you cannot even cut a rose bud, have a quiet
game of croquet, or even sit in a hammock and
swing with your wife or sweetheart, without
being a target for public gaze, is not our idea of
a garden, whatever it may be of a public park.
Those who carefully exclude every vestige of
their inner life from the public in their garden
work, are not to my taste either ; but then there
is a great difference between this and showing
everything for nothing.

Virginian Jasmine. — Under this name, La
Fontaine, an elegant French writer, refers to a
climbing plant, which has "rosy flowers of the
form of a fox-glove," and in which flowers a
beautiful insect is born with their blossoming,
the insect at once dying on their decay. Can
any of our readers say what plant is referred to
under this name, and what foundation there may
be for the entomological part of the story?
Another French author refers to the "Persian
Jasmine uniting with the Virginian to cover our
arbors and embellish our groves."

Amekican and Hardy Ferns. — In connec-
tion with the remarks made in our magazine
recently on the growing fondness of American

252

TIIK GARDENER'S MOXTIILY

{^August,,.

ladlos for hardy Fern jjardens, it is pleasant to
obscrvt' a irrowintr t:iste for them in tliiseountry.
Mr. J. "Warren Merrill, of ("ainl)rid<j;epor(, Mass.,
has felt warranted, in consetjnenee of tlie in-
creased demand for them, in makinc; a special
business of growini; them for sale.

FerN-S of Kektvcky, — by .John AVilllain-
son, of Louisville, Kentucky. Price S'2. This
prettily printed and profusely illustrated little
work should have an extensive sale, as the ferns
of Kentucky are in a great measure the ferns
of other sections of the Union. This work treats
of tifty-five species or marked varieties, and many
of them ligured witli microscopic details en-
larged so as to make the structure very plain to
the observer. The cosmopolitan reader, is well
cared for, as in a very plain manner the whole sub-
ject of ferns is treated. " Ferns of Kentucky "
does not tell the whole truth in its title. It is, in-
deed, an excellent treatise on ferns, and no one
who loves ferns and can spare S2, but will be
gratified by the possession of the little book.

Moore's Rural Life. — A circular before us
announces a new agricultural paper, by Mr. D.
D. T. Moore, founder, and for twenty-five years
so favorably known in connection with the
Rural New Yorker. It is to be called Moore's
Rural Life.

Death of James Fleming.— This well-
known Seedsman of New York, died at New
Canaan, Conn., on July 10th. Mr. Fleming was
born in Ayr.shire, Scotland, in 1833, and was
consequently forty-five years of age. He was an
excellent tyi)e of the best classof Scotch Garden-
ers, an educated, intelligent man, thoroughly
versed, not only in the varied details of all the
branches of Horticulture, but was besides an ex-
cellent botanist ; but his character was so innately
modest, unassuming and unpretentious, that
only his most intimate friends were aware of his
varied acquirements. Mr. Fleming was a resi-
dent in and about New York for the past twenty
years. For some five years he had charge of
the fine collection of Orchids and other plants
of Mayor Van Vorst of Jersey City, N. J., which
some fifteen years ago was one of the finest in the
country. From there he started the Seed business
in New York City, in partnership with Wm. J.
Davidson ; subsequently Mr. Davidson sold out
his interest to. Peter Henderson and for five
years the firm of Henderson «& Fleming did a
large business, particularly with private gar-
deners with whom Mr. Fleming was a special

favorite, as he never failed to use his influence-
to help llii'iii to new positions — or encourage
them witli liopeful wftrds and sound advice when
he could do no more. Tlie firm of Henderson &
Fleming was dissolved in 1^72, and Mr. Flem-
ing continued the bu.siness alone until six
months ago, when failing health, and other-
causes, induced him to retire from active life to
his Connecticut farm, where death came far
sooner than his many friends expected. Few
men of his age were better known to the garden-
ers of New York than James Fleming, and cer-
tainly none were more beloved. Open-handed,,
open-hearted, genial and hearty always, he will,
long be remembered by scores of poor fellows
into whose plodding lives he tlu"ew many a
gleam of sunsliine. Few men die to whom the
grand words of Fitzgreene llalleck are nioret
appropriate than to James Fleming: —

' Green be the turf above thee,
Y rieud of iii.v early days,
None kiK^w tliee, but to love thee :
None uanied tliee but to praise."

X..

Professor Asa Gray. — The Washington-
correspondent of the Cincinnati Commercial^ re-
ferring to Prof. Henry's funeral, gives the fol-
lowing sketch of Prof. Asa Gray : " The Pro-
fessor's head is bowed, not by age, but because
he has so long looked down in the faces of the
tiny fiowers; his countenance reflects only the
delicacy and purity is)f the wild birds, with their
fresh flush and modest glow." Professor Asa
Gray is a native of Oneida County, N. Y.

SCRAPS AND QUERIES.

Fuchsia.— H. E. N., "Please give in the
Gardener's Monthly the proper pronunci-
ation of Fuchsia."

[Fu-she-ah, — but as the accent is on the first
syllable, to the ear it will sound almost like
Few-shah.— Ed. G. M].

Geranium and Pelargonium. — Memphis.
asks : " Can you tell what is the class now
called Geranium, and what is the Pelargonium?
They seem now much mixed. Many years ago-
all were Geraniums — Horse Shoe, one type,,
and the other the Geranium proper with the
blotch in the upper petal — these got to be "Pel-
argoniums," and now they have got so that al-
though I know what I want, I know not by what
name to order. Again, if you order Pansies and
you get Violas-, how is that?"

[It is difficult to answer our friend's question.
The trouble comes from a class of well mean-

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

253

"ing people who want to get things just right,
and yet do not perceive that an English word is
not a Latin word, and that a botanical word
need not necessarily be a word for evei'y day
life. So they discovered that when we had been
• saying Verbenas and Dahlias, Gladioluses and
Cactuses, we were very wrong indeed, and must
■ say Verbense, Dahlise, Gladioli, and Cacti, as if
we were talking in Latin and not in English.
The most common sense view seems to us to be
tliat when we have no word we want in the
English language, and have to coin one from a
foreign language, that adopted word should fol-
low English grammatical rules.

The same trouble came in this Geranium mat-
ter. There is a botanical genus Pelargonium,
and one Geranium, and besides this Geranium
became an English word to represent an Eng-
lish idea, and in common use withEnglish-speak-
ling people. But botanists concluded that cer-
tain plants which they supposed Geraniums
were properly Pelargoniums. It was right to
-change the botanical name with the newly dis-
covered facts, but there is no reason that we can
Tinderstand why the English name should be
changed also. Like our correspondent, we are
often puzzled when reading English Horticul-
tural literature to know what they are talking
■about when they get on "Pelargonium."]

European Sketches. — Mr. W. T. Harding,
■" Oak Hill Cemetery," Upper Sandusy, Ohio,
^writes: "All things and events must at some-
time, sooner or later, come to an end; and in
■some cases, regretfully so. Even the veiy pleas-
ant " European Notes, by the Editor," are no
exception, as he seems to hint in the July num-
ber of the Monthly.

As a reader of that much loved magazine, I
can no longer refrain from testifying to the
merits of the exceedingly interesting " Xotes,"
which flowed so graphically from his facile pen.
How familiar, to the mind's eye, of his corres-

pondent, are many of the scenes, so faithfully
pictured. And how " the harp of a thousand
strings," brings back to memory soft notes of
olden times, when the master hand strikes the
chords which awaken recollections of days gone
by. And your pen, dear friend, was the plectrum
which often moved one to tears, as I followed
your footsteps listening to, and recognizing the
minstrel, so skilled in the lays of floral song.
Your " Xotes " gave no uncertain sounds ; but
were positively charming, instructive, entertain-
ing, piquant, and prosy. Often sentimental
and pathetic ; sometimes funny and amusing,
all times intelligent, practical and edifying.
Rest assured, your readers have been benefited
thereby, and if they make no remarks, their
" silence gives consent" for "more anon." That
j'ou are not " tresspassing on the reader's
good nature," I can vouch, and frankly admit
that I am one " who wants to hear stories a
year old." To quote the quaint diction of ancient
Pepys, they are ' mighty pleasant ' reading."

Preserving Flowers of the Night
Blooming Cereus. — Geo. G. B., St. Joseph,
Mo., writes : " I have tried to preserve a flower
of Cereus grandiflorus in alcohol diluted with
an equal quantity of water ; but the result did not
prove satisfactory. The bloom dissolved some-
what, turned into a bad yellow color. Could you
inform me of a better recipe, how to keep this
beautiful ephemeral flower? I would feel
many times obliged. I was very glad to read
your instructive traveling observations, of Paris,
as of said places I am very familiar. I hope
we shall hear more from you about the Jardin
des Plantes, etc. I am not aware whether you
saw the splendid Park of Maison-sur-Seine, on
the railroad line to Rouen, which is considered
one of the prettiest places around Paris."

[Perhaps the alcohol was not as good as it
should be ; for usually the flowers keep very
well.— Ed. G. M.]

Horticultural Societies.

EDITORIAL NOTES. i increase in the number of varieties, which has

{ made a selection of local lists, suited to the

Centennial Exhibition of 187G, (Continued most diverse conditions of our gi*eat country, a
from page 223). — In tracing the progress of Apple- j possibility. At the nation's birth we had but
culture through the century,as exemplified by the | about a hundred varieties, and now we have over
■exhibits, the most surprising suggestion is the , two thousand. Even in the time of Coxe, one

254

THE GARDENER'S MONTHLY

\^August,

of Diir earliest writers on Irnits, less ilmii one
hundred and fifty kinds were known to be under
cultivation. It is interestiui; to note that tlie
kinds that were popular in the beLriiniinr;; still
liold their own. Only a lew. like Pennock,
Hays, Xewtown Pippin, and Spit/-enhur<j; have
iziveu away somewhat before others. The most
])opular fruits in the early part of the era were
Porter,Red Astrachan.Williams' Favorite, Fam-
tiise.Gravenstein, Baldwin, EelleHeur, Maiden's
IViush.. Jonathan, Lady, Rhode Island Greening,
swaar. Summer (Jueen. Roxbury Russet, Seek-
ii«i-Further,Gilly-llower, Lowell, and Tallman's
Sweet, and these are popuhxr to-day. In the
new varieties since raised we have gained over
rinse in special points, but it is doubtful whether
a better list, on the whole, for general culture
on this continent could be made up. The most
remarkable progress in the Apple class has been
in the improvement of Russian varieties, and the
SiberiaA Crabs. The last were only garden
ornaments a hundred years ago, and conlined to
two or three small-fruited forms. There are now
pi'obably a hundred varieties, some of them
as large as the old popular garden sorts, and in
some cases with a flavor little inferior to the
best of them. These improvements have been
made chiefly in Minnesota, and other of our
high Northern States, and in the Dominion of
Canada. The hardiness of the Siberian Crab
gave encouragement to the experimenters in
these severe winter climates ; but even with
these inducements the progress has been won-
derful. Some few specimens of the highly-per-
fumed American native Crab {Pyrus coronaria)
were exhibited, but there appeared to have been
no attempts made to improve it, either by
selected cultivated seedlings or by watching for
variations among wild plants.

Vast progress has been made in Apple-culture
by the endeavors to correct the nomenclature.
^ In so vast a number of varieties it was found
extremeh' difficult to establish any authoritative
guide. The formation of the American Pomo-
logical Society grew out of this want. In this
respect the Centennial Exhibition has shown
how well we were advancing in this department
by the collection of models in wax of leading
kinds made by Colonel G. B. Brackett for the
Iowa State Horticultural Society, so perfect
were these models as to be taken for the Apples
of the genuine varieties even by experts.

Progress in Piear-culture has been much more
rapid than in the Apple. A large number that

were grown at the Revolution are not known by
any one now, and the few that survive are mostly
supplanted by better kinds. The most popular
varieties then were Jargonelle, Windsor, Au-
tumn Bergamot, Rousselett, Crassanne, Brown
Beurre, St. Germain, Gansell's liergamot,
Green Chissell, Winter Nelis, White Doyenne^
Catharine, and Easter Beurre. The Vicar
of Winklield was being introduced ; but the
Bartlett, Seckel, and Duchesse d'AnJouleme
had not been born. Now, on our tables we
had no less than three hundred varieties from
the Hon. Marshall P. Wilder, of Boston, besides
numerous collections from other growers — and
many scores of varieties exist superior in many
respects to the best of those named as being
popular in the days of the Revolution. Most of
the improvements have been made by the selec-
tion from accidental seedlings coming up natur-
ally from chance-sown seed ; but a few have set
to work to raise new kinds by artificial means.
One of these, Mr. J. Clapp, of Dorchester,
Massachusetts, exhibited a large number of de-
serving kinds. One of his seedlings, the Favor-
ite, has taken a front rank among the popular
varieties. Among the possibilities of further
improvement, must be mentioned the hybrid
Chinese Sand Pears of Mr. Peter KiefTer, of
Philadelphia. This kind has been valued solely
as an ornament on tasteful grounds, and sonie-
wliat for the pleasant perfume of t\w. fruit. Mr.
KiefTer's seedlings retain this delightful fragrance,
and have, besides, the beauty and delicious flavor
of a Bartlett or Flemish beauty — two of the
most popular varieties in American orchards.

The Pear, like the Apple, has shown by the
Exhil)ition how wide is the extent of territorj'in
which it may be successfully cultivated. There
were numerous exhibitors from Canada, Maine,
New Hampshire, Connecticut, Delaware, Mary-
land, and Penns3'lvania ; the District of Co-
lumbia had one exhibitor in the person of Mr.
John Saul, and the State of New York was
represented by an admirable collection from
Messrs. Ellwanger & Barry, of Rochester.
Ohio, Michigan, Indiana, and Wisconsin all had
excellent Pears from various exhibitors ; Oregon
had numerous varieties of superb fruit, superior
in color, size, and flavor ; and on the California
fruit tahle some large specimens were for sale.
The results of the Exhibition show that the
Pear may be grown successfully over most of
the United States.

The number of excellent wild Grapes early

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST

255

attracted the attention of the settler from foreign
lands, and so early as 1086 William Penn had a
vineyard on the Schuylkill River, on a spot al-
most within the Centennial grounds. But the
superiority of the foreign varieties tempted their
introduction to the neglect of the improvement
of the native kinds. At the opening of our
Centennial era these foreign varieties had proved
general failures, and attention was given to the
kinds to be found everywhere in the woods at
home. The gardener to one of the Penns,a
Mr. Alexander, discovered a very good kind,
with rather large berries and fair flavor, even
for our time, which was named after him, and
this was probably the only good native Grape in
cultivation when the New Republic was born.
Soon after, the Isabella was found in South
Carolina, the Catawba in Maryland, and the
Bland probably in Virginia, and the societies
for the improvement of the Grape and Grape-
culture came into existence, in one of which,
even before the year 1800, we find the celebrated
Henry Clay an active member.

In 1827 the Susquehanna made its appearance ;
but it is only within the last quarter of a cen-
tury that the native Grape has been improved
to any great extent. Then the Concord,
the Delaware, and the Hartford Prolific
showed how much was possible. All such
efforts as those of Penn, Peter Legeaux, the
Salem (North Carolina) colony, the Princes,
father and son, and Nicholas Longworth with
the foreign Grapes were abandoned, and atten-
tion concentrated on our native kinds. Among
the number that were known forty years ago
most have been so wholly superseded by im-
provements that their names are now nearly all
unknown to the general Grape-grower, and only
occasional bunches of the following were seen
on our tables: Elsenburg, Norton's Virginia,
Isabella, and Catawba. The Grapes most fre-
quently found on the Centennial Exhibition
tables, and indicating a widespread popularity,
were Concord, Clinton, Delaware, Salem, and
Diana. It would by no means be safe to say that
these were the best Grapes for the regions in
wiiich they were grown, for often others would
be exhibited from the same places indicating
points of superiority, but which from some
cause had not become so well known. Of the
exhibitors who have done much to improve the
native Grape, and who showed their excellent pro-
ducts, the names of Ricketts, of Newberg, New
York ; Campbell, of Delaware, Ohio ; Arnold,

of Paris, Canada; Mills, of Hamilton, Canada;
and Broadfield, of Ada, Michigan, are conspic-
uous. The value of Ricketts' labors can hardly
be estimated. His improvements have been so
great, and presented in so many forms, that
those who longed for foreign Grapes to cul-
tivate in America find nothing now to desire.
His eflbrts have been made in two distim-t lines,
— the improvement of the native Grapes for
table use by hybridizing with the foreign, and
their advancement, by seedlings or native
crosses, for wine-making. In California the for-
eign Grapes grow well ; none of the native im-
provements were exhibited from there, but fair
Muscats and Tokays were offered for sale on the
Centennial grounds.

Among the earliest Grapes on-the tables were
the Concords, from the German settlement at.
Egg Harbor City, New Jersey; and Delawares,
from Henry M. Engle, of Marietta, Pennsyl-
vania; and it is a remarkable fact thai these
early fruits were so fine as not to be excelled b}''-
any that came before us of the same varieties,
at any later time. The last Grapes that were
exhibited came from Canada and the northei'n
part of Michigan, and though not equal in flavor-
to the southern products, were remarkable for
size, color, and other good properties. It was
indeed one of the surprises of the Centennial
Exhibition to learn that Grapes should do so
well so far north. In Eui'ope it has been con-
ceded that the Grape will not ripen north of lat-
itude 50°, yet notwithstanding the peculiar influ-
ences supposed to modify the temperature of
that region, we find them to ripen quite as
well in the same latitude on this continent.
Another interesting fact brought out by our
Exhibition is that the foreign Grape is a total
failure only in the southern portion of the North
American continent. As we get towards Canada,
some foreign varieties do tolerable well, and in,
Canada they do nearly as well as the native kinds,
merely requiring winter protection by laying
down the canes and covering with eai'th. So far
as the results of the Exhibition are concerned
they seem to show that the whole northern belt
of our States, as also Canada, is very favor-
able to Grape-culture. Admirable exhibits
came from Maine, Massachusetts, Connecticut^
New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Ohio>
Indiana, and Micbigan. The Phflloxera, the
great scoui'ge of the European vineyards, has
proved no serious obstacle to American Grape-
culture, and there are, probably, few matters of

•256

THE GARDENER'S MONTHLY.

\_Ati^ust.

Avhioh thr* "Exlubition may bo more proud than
its demonstration of what America lias done
for (Trape-lniprovement within tlie century.

(To be Contiuiifd.)

Tin: Montgomery (Ohio,) IIokticultural
St)CiKTY, seems as prosperous as ever, and is at
least as useful if not more sa. We always read
its proceedings with interest. Here is a bitof in-
sect talk that has some useful hints in it: "The
cliair announced the subject for discussion to be
'Birds and Insects,' and requested Mrs. W. D.
Uiikham to favor the society with her method
of riddinj; her Rose bushes of the slug, as it was
understood she had been successful. Mrs. Bick-
ham said all she did was simply to make strong
whale oil soap suds, and persevere in the appli-
cation of it to her Rose bushes every evening for
about a week. Mr. Broadwell said he succeeds
Avith common soap suds. The main point is to
•commence in time and persevere in its use. A
member remarked that White Hellebore, in the
form of powder, was used by many with entire
success, but that some care ought to be observed
in its use, as the remedy was not entirely free
from objection. Judge Frank said White Helle-
bore is not a poison, as many suppose, and its
use is not attended with danger. He used it
with success upon his Rose bushes, and also rids
his Gooseberry bushes of a very troublesome pest
with it. Mr. Barney said he has known it to be
'Used successfuly dissolved in water. Judge
Frank said it would answer the purpose very well
to apply it in that form. Mr. Ohmer said that
^litherto members of his family had had much
trouble in keeping the various plants in the
"ihouse clear of insects. Last fall the tree frog
was introduced among them, and much to his
gratification he finds his plants entirely free
:from these pests. The member of the reptilian
^kingdom thus introduced deserves and receives
the entire credit for the improved state of
■afTairs.

Kentucky Horticulturat. Society. —
-Reports for 1877-78 : This does nwt appear to be
strong in members, but is doing good work.
Besides much that is interesting to Horticul-
turists in every branch of the art of gardening,
the Strawberry as it should be grown in Ken-
tucky, receives particular attention.

The District of Columbia Horticul-
tural Society, was recently organized, Wm,
■Saunders, occupying the Chair, and J. T. C,
Clark, acting as Secretary of the meeting; John

A. Baker. President ; John Saul, Thos. W. Fow-
ler and Edwin Cammack, Vice Presidents; C.
A. Ball, Recording Secretary ; B. S. Curtiss, Cor-
responding Secretary; J. T. C. Clark, Tresv-s-
urer; Ex-Com., John Saul, I). J. Saunders, Geo.
Glorius, Michel Esch and J. S. Judd, with the
President, Secretaries and Treasurer, sm ex-officio
members of the Committee; Wm. Saunders,
Mat. Ilagerty, J. K. Kerr, elected a Committee
Oil Finance.

Mass. Agricultural Club.— Cheever New-
hall, lately deceased, was annually elected chair-
man of this body for thirty-eight successive
years. Col. Wilder has been elected to succeed
him. It is wonderful how much Mr. Wilder
does. His speech on the recent annual dinner
at the club, was as full of vigor as those he deliv-
ered fifty years ago.

Texas Horticultural and Pomological
A.ssociATlOX. — The schedule for 1878, says :
"The objects of this incorporation are: the
advancement of the science of Horticulture and
Pomology, rural adornment and landscape gar-
dening ; to encourage the growth and culture of
plants, shrubs, trees, fruits and vegetables ; to
facilitate the introduction of the same in Texas;
to increase and facilitate the transportation and
sale of fruits ; to encourage the establishment
of nurseries, hot-houses, vineyards, gardens and
fruit orchards of eve^ kind, and generally to pro-
mote the development of the Horticultural and
Pomological resources of the State."

An excellent feature is the provision for estab-
lishing local Societies, in connection with the
one central body, and which we have heretofore
suggested to the older societies in other States.
Of this, it says: " To the Vice Presidents in the
various Senational Districts is assigned the duty
of organizing co-operative branches of this Asso-
ciation, at such points in their respective Dis-
tricts as may be deemed most advisable, appoint-
ing an Executive Committee therefrom, and a
Secretary, who shall collect specimens of all
soils, with all statistical information in relation
to either or all of them, and forward the same
to the Secretary of the Texas Horticultural and
Pomological Association, at Houston ; the speci-
mens to be placed on permanent exhibition in
the Museum, and the statistics to be filed for
reference and publication." The officers are,
President, A. B. Small, Houston; Vice Presi-
dent, Wm. Watson, Brenliam; Secretary, Geo-
Kidd, Houston ; Treasurer, Robert Brewster,
Houston,

THE

GARDENER'S MONTHLY

AND

HORTICULTURIST.

DEVOTED TO HORTICULTURE. ARBORICULTURE AND RURAL AFFAIRS.

Edited by THOMAS MEEHAN.

Vol. XX.

SEPTEMBER, 1878.

Number 237.

Flower Garden and Pleasure Ground.

SEASONABLE HINTS.

In many parts of the Northern States the
leaves will have changed color previous to the
incoming of "Winter, and tlie planting of trees
•and shrubs will commence as soon as the
first Fall showers shall have cooled the atmos-
phere and moistened the soil. Further south,
where the season will still remain "Summer" a
while longer, the soil may, at any rate, be pre-
pared, that all may be in readiness when the
:right season does come. What leaves remain
on should be stripped off, and the main shoots
shortened. They will then do better than if
planted very late. The roots of plants grow all
"Winter, and a plant set out in the Fall has the
advantage over Spring set trees, that its roots in
Spring are in a position to supply the tree at
once with food. This is, indeed, the theory fall
planters rely on ; but in practice it is found that
severe cold dries up the wood, and the frosts draw
out the roots, and thus more than counterbalance
any advantage from the pushing of new roots.
Yery small plants are, therefore, best left till
• Spring for their final planting. It is, however,
an excellent plan to get young things on hand
.in Fall, and bury them entirely with earthy until
wanted in Spring. Such things make a stronger
growth the next season, than if just dug before
transplanting.

All successful planting really depends on
how soon the mutilated roots can draw in moist-
ure to supply the waste of evaporation, hence if
a tree has been badly dug and has few roots or
.the roots appear dry or weak, lessen the demand '

on them for moisture by cutting away some of
the branches. In this cutting take the weak
branches, and not the strong and most vital ones,
as are often stupidly sacrificed, and above all see
that the earth is tightly packed about the roots,
for, unless the earth is in actual contact with
each rootlet the work is not perfectly done. If
there is a rootlet which even by a hair's breadth
does not touch the earth, that rootlet might as
well not be there.

American gardening will in time come to be
peculiarly charaterized by grouping of shrubs
and trees instead of the absurd copying of Euro-
pean flower beds not adapted to our wants or
climate. Studies for such work will be particu-
larly in order now as the leaves are changing
their Summer green.

COMMUNICA TIONS.

PICTURESQUE LAWNS.

BY S. B. PARSOXS, FLU.SHING, N. Y.
(Continued from page 229.)

A group of Magnolias includes acuminata,
fifty feet high, macrophylla, with its superb
flowers, twenty-five feet high, Soulangiana,
glauca, longifolia, gracilis, and others. Xear
them stands a Tulip Tree with its straight
column seventy feet high. Another light Atlas
Cedar stands by a dark Austrian Pine. Apple
trees, fifty years old, in full bloom, are brought
out against the darkness of a mass of Xorway
Spruce. German and African Tamarisk contrast
well, as do the Horizontal Yew and Golden
Retinospora. Magnolia cordata, Picea grandis

258

./.\/> g\ia'D/':a7-:a".s MoxriiLV

\^S,pt('mlH\

and Wocpinsi Larch.shiiKliiiLr tni^iilicr, Imvt- cadi
its (lilVfront >lia(li'. At tlii' loot of the Purple
lieeeh lies a jn-ostrale Juniper, trained to a
height ol't'iiilit I'eet and llieii allowed to tail upon
tlie <;round. Al)irs polila. "NVeopinj; Silver Fir.
■\Veei>inLr S|iruie and Jajian Yew loi'in a pic-
tures(|ue irroup. The liirhl and (liii()])in<j; Silver
I^inden, thirl\-(ive feet hi;:h, is llankcd by an
Atlas Cedar of darker shade, which in its turn
contrasts with a I.i(|uidainl)ar, forty feet, and
Pinus exeelsa, forty feet. AVeeping and Euro-
pean Beech, whose j'oung foliage is light and
very beautiful, contrast tinely against Xorway
Spruce and Austrian Pine.

A iri'ove of Horse Chestnuts, Maples, Elms and
Tulips, planted fifty years ago. make a feature
by themselves, while against them gleams the
auburn hair of the Purple Fringe. The very
light Ash-leaved Maple stands between an
Austrian Pine and Xorway Spruce, all some
thirty years old.

Against a Hemlock screen the young shoots
of which lie like tlowers upon its dark face, are
shown the brilliant scarlet bloom of a group of
Ehododendron Blandyanum, which I brought
from England eighteen years ago. Against
another part of the Hemlock screen is a mass of
large Golden Yews jnd a white Fringe, both
unsurpassed in their beauty. The pink flowers of
the African Tamarisk and the white ones of the
Hawthorn make a charming contrast blooming
together. In front of the Tamarisk is the Japan
Judas Tree, one of the most brilliant of early
flowering trees. A Pyramidal Oak sets off the
Xorway Maple. Golden Spinea and Purple Ber-
berrj' are striking in contrast. Purple Hazel
and Japan Snowball make a pair; and a trio of
relatives are Crested Beech, Fern-leaf Beech and
Hornbean. A large AVhite Fringe is guarded
by three erect Y'ews, and some large English
Yews, fifteen feet high and fifteen broad, show
their hardiness. Two charming trees, the Cilician
Fir and the Japan Larch twenty-five feet, have
each its distinctive color, while the Abies alata,
twenty-tive feet high, spreads its giant wings
over a Golden Y'^ew, with a head five feet in
diameter, on a naked stem five feet high — a
golden globe on a pedestal of bronze. The dark
Pinus uncinata stands against the lighter Spruce,
against which is also relieved the bright pink
flowers of the Judas Tree. Horizontal Yew and
Hudson's Bay Fir, both dwarfs, look well
together. Magnolia Xorbertiana shows its
flowers well against the Stone Pine. A Picea

eephaloniia, thirty feet high, contrasts well'
with the llemloek. A weeping, Slipjiery Elm
and a Tamarix are graceful, one for its branches
and tlu' olhi-r for its llowers. A White Spruce
and an Atlas Cedar look well together while a
White Linden, thirty-five feet high shows well
against a group of Hornbeam forty feot high. A
row of Pinus excelsa, sixty feet high, is fronted'
by a dozen species of American Oaks, sixty feet,,
l)lanted at sullicient distance from each other to
develope their true beauty. A White Pine, sixty
feet high stands alone, and under it there can be
heard the music of its leaves. Andromeda
arborea is a mass by itself, and few things sur-
pass the delicate burnished copper hue of its
young leaves, or the brilliant scarlet of its-
autumnal clothing. Groups of Rhododendrons
of ditferent colors have their beauty enhanced'
by an edging of hardy Azaleas, whose ricli and
varied colors excite general admiration. Weep-
ing Hemlock, like an evergreen fountain, and
Weeping Silver Fir, like an evergreen colunm,.
surmount the rock work, while Weeping Sophora
and Weeping Forsythia overhang its sides..
On one corner of my piazza is a Kentucky
Coffee, and on the other a Yellow Magnolia,
while at their feet grow a dwarf Scotch Fir and'
a dwarf White Pine. On the cornice of the
piazza are trained, as lambrequins, white and
purple Wistarias, Honeysuckles, Akebia and.
Virginia Creeper. The latter throws down its-
points from the cornice, making in Summer a
very attractive green fringe and in the Autumn
a very brilliant scarlet one. On a fence in the
rear grow Ilonysuckles, Akebias, Dutchman's
Pipe, Trumpet Creeper, both red and orange,
Bittersweet and Wistarias in luxuriant regai'd-
lessness of each other's rights, while the pure
Lilies of the Valle}' hang their modest heads on
the ground below. Over the lawn an occasional
Agave, a bed of scarlet Geraniums, of Coleus,
of variegated Arundo, of scarlet Salvias, or
more charming than all else, the new Japan
Maples, relieve the sameness of the refreshing
green turf. I should not forget an old White Oak,
one of two upon my farm, which were doubtless
here when Columbus discovered America, for one
of the same apparent generation , which fell a few
3'ears since, showed in its trunk the successsive
growths of nearly GOO years. This tree, now in
vigor, has a trunk twenty feet in circumference.,
and its branches cover a diameter of seventy
feet.
In laying out streets I found it difficult to se--

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

259

cure these diversified colors in contrast, for to
secure symmetry it was necessary to have one
sort only. At the expense of this symmetry I
made one street a partial arboretum, while on
another I planted Pin Oaks, on another European
Lindens, on a third the light-foliaged Tulip Tree,
and on another crossing it the darker Xorway
Maple.

I look forward to still finer results in the con-
trasting of colors, for the past few years have
been productive of many new varieties, particu-
larly from Japan. The silvery white of Sorbus,
Ekeagnus and other plants is contrasted with the
gold and purple and scarlet of others, until a
newly planted square in the nurser3'«is like a
lawn filled with the varied colors of bedding
plants.

Could I put back the hand upon the dial of my
life thirty years, I think I could find new mate-
rial to make a lawn far surpassing anything I
now have, and which would startle many lovers of
trees with its beauty. Others, however, will
have this enjoyment. The insensibility to the
finest products of nature, which has for years
existed, is giving way to a better appreciation,
and many who have been satisfied with the trees
which the traveling dealers brought them, are
discovering that finer ones exist. While Edison
with his microphone pi'omises to make audible
to the dullest ear the sound of growing things,
and all the secret harmonies of nature, let us
hope that all beautiful things may be made visi-
ble to the dullest sight, and a true vision based
upon a true artistic sense be the possession of
every true man and woman all the world over.

WATERING OF FLOWER BEDS.

BY C.G.BJORKLUND, NAT. SOLDIERS' II03IE,

HAMPTON, VA.

TO AMATEURS.

" How often do you water your flowers ?" To
ask this question, so puzzling to gardeners, is the
general inclination of most non-professionals.
I, myself, have little advice to give on the
subject, but wish to say that if we were more
inclined to reason, calculate, and to consult
nature, that question would not be asked so uni-
versally. The point is to know when to apply
water ; this is something what no man has yet
been able to describe. There are so many things
to be taken into consideration, the variety and
stage of growth of plants, the character of the
soil, the season, the temperature, the situation.

etc., which only tlie experienced can distinguish.
But there certainh^ need not be much stress laid
on the subject concerning flower beds. It is dif-
ferent to plants in pots, where their life depends
on proper moisture. But allow me first to say a
few words in i-egard to the general belief that
" it will not do to water flowers while the sun
shines on them," even if it is at five or six p.m.
Now, to water or sprinkle on the flowers is
in fact, not good, whether in the sun or shade,
at any time, and that is a rule wherever the
plants are placed. Growers of fruit under glass
have to know this. We need only call to our minds
that if rains occur while Peach and other fruit
trees are in blossom, it will impare the fructifica-
tion ; and it is my opinion that if pollen is
washed oft'before properly developed, the petals,
as being members of the system, might hang on,
but a premature fading of the flower will be the
consequence.

But let us return to the flower beds, I fear they
are getting dry. The injury meant to occur to
plants by watering in the sunshine is, that the
water lodging on the flowers and leaves should
become so hot from the effect of the sun, before
its evaporation as to scald them. How far this
is posssible,or in what latitude, I will not venture
to state, but doubt that there is any danger of it
in the Middle States, if in this country at all.

At the great Exhibition at Philadelphia, in
187G, the men that watered flower beds in the
morning and evening, and the grass in the mid-
dle of the day, because other times were not
sufficient, while the mercury marked 95° and
100°, were often told by visitors that the result
would be fatal, but no such result could be ob-
served. The real objection to it is the wasting
of water, because a considerable quantity evapo-
rates in the air, especiall}' if done through a
hose, and renders the work ineffective. This is
plain to everybody, and we will find that if a
syringe with a very fine rose is discharged in the
air, on a hot day, little or notliing will fall to
the ground.

When plants are watered, they should be
given it so freely that the moisture should be
calculated to go some five or six inches deep. In
this wa}' the roots will work in the right direc-
tion and seek the moisture, while sprinkling a
little on, now and then,causes them to linger near
the surface. Thus the plants become delicate,
and will flag after a few hours exposure to the
sun.

Before watering, the ground, while there is

2<)( I

THE GARDENER' i^ MOXTIILY

{Sipkmbcry

room for it. should bo stirrtnl up with a hoc or
stirk roughly Ix'twocu aud rouud the plauts. If
a pot is used, the water should be given heavy
with the spout, and as soon as practicalde the
soil may be leveled witli a small rake, whieh
will prt'vent formation of erusts or eracks.

The evening is the best time for watering,
beeause the moist beds will to a greater extent
attraet the night dew, and parts of the ground
not well soaked through will have time to do so
before the sun commences to again draw it out,
in forni of vapor.

SEEDS AND SEED PLANTING.

BY CIIAS. II. SIIINX, XILES, CAL.

The curious things about seeds — Some of the
secretin — Sowing of flower seeds — Preparation
of soil— Covering — Tree and shrub seeds — The.
critical periods — Subsequent treatment — The
three enemies — The delight of success.
The beginning and the end of plant life are in
the seed. Xothing is so nearly a constant mira-
cle as this endless round of nature, from the
planted seed, through the leaf, stem, blossom,
and forming germ, to the ripened seed of another
generation. A deep interest surrounds every
step of the process, so often seen, so seldom
carefully studied. Noiselessly, when the first
rains of Winter come, all the l)rown slopes thrill
and quiver with countless budding blades that
climb from hidden seeds. Xoiselessly, too, over
all the new-ploughed, smoking acres, the promise
of the harvest springs into being ; the seeds of
the old-fashioned flowers in the little gardens,
begin to found their palaces,and rear their tinted
spires, on whieh, in due season, their banners of
blossoms shall wave. By the low marshes,
where the sedges and Mimulus grow ; along the
rivers, bright with Lupines and Gilias ; in our
deep gulches, fit home of Trilliums and Aristolo-
chias, of Calycanthus and Azaleas ; on the long
mountain slopes, sown with blue Nemophilas,
and countless growing bulbs — ever^-where the
glad germs spring, and the world laughs into
leaf and blossom.

Men have learned to produce this miracle of
germination at their own will, by imitating
nature's conditions of heat, moisture and dark-
ness. So, mainly by seeds, which retain their
life for a considerable, though varying period,
and can be easily transported, we are enabled
to possess the plants and flowers of every land ;

some of them to brighten our conservatories,
some to give an added grace to the garden, and
some to become field products, and so increa-se
the wealth of the individual, and the prosperity
of the State. The history of the introduction of
many seeds, now common, reads like a romance
— the romance of horticulture. Ardent collec-
tors have risked their lives to gather and pre-
serve seeds ; the strangest accidents have scat-
tered them ; they have been carried in unknown
ways, and suddenh^ have appeard in new
places; kings have made treaties for them, and
have planted them with their own hands. As
Tennyson held the '' flower from a crannied
wall " in his questioning hand, feeling that if he
could only read its story the secret of the world
Avould be known, so might we take the shelly seed
of some Indian palm, or tropic Cycad, and pon-
der long upon the life that lies hidden within it,
the dormant cells, the starch and albumen, and
nice provisions for covering. In such moods the
work of the gardener and of the farmer seem
to run parallel to the very fibres of being — in
truth a simple and holy work.

But after we have thought of the wonderful
things connected with the beginnings of plant
life, we must proceed to put a practical point to
our article. Given the seed— this brown mj-s-
tery — and how shall we set it at woi'k ; how shall
we rouse its dormant energies ; what are the
" laws of germination ?"

The secrets of starting seeds are very simple,
warmth and moisture are the two essentials.
These must be applied evenly, steadily, and
with patience, for they are as important ele-
ments in sprouting seeds as pork and beans,beans
and pork were in our miner's typical dinner.
The mechanical condition of the soil is of great
importance; it should be light, mellow and
healthy.

Flower seeds are best sown in boxes, tw'o and
one-half inches deep and one foot in length and
breadth. Cut small holes in the bottom for
drainage, and fill the boxes with prepared soil.
.Just here the amateur begins to be puzzled, if
he has consulted a series of authorities. Peat,
loam, silver sand, compost, sods, leaf mould,
variously compounded — these look mysterious
enough, to be sure! But there is in practice a
simpler way. Take any garden soil as a basis,
and mix with it sand, and the light mould from
under an old straw stack, or from the hollows
on the mountain sides, where leaves drift and
decay, until you have a light, rich and friable

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

261

soil. No definite rule respecting the proportions
can be given, except that the prepared soil
should hold moisture well, should have no ten-
dency to become hard, and should never crack,
even if in the sun.

Fill the boxes carefully "with moist, but not
wet earth, and, with a small board, press the
soil evenly and closel}^ so that it will retain
moisture better. The board must be planed on
the under side, or the soil will stick to it, and it
will be found convenient to nail a little handle
on the upper side. Sow your seed broadcast, if
you are sure the soil is not weedy, and if you
will know the plants when they come up; but,
in general, it is best to sow in marked rows, in
all cases scattering the seed evenly. Now take
a sieve, made by tacking a square of one eighth
inch mesh wire netting to a light frame, and sift
light soil, which has been rubbed and well
mixed, over the box, until the seeds are just
covered. Take the little board again and press
the soil carefully. If any seeds are in sight,
sift a little more dirt on and press again. Small
seeds must never be covered more than their
own thickness ; the surface must be level and
firm ; keep it damp, but not dripping, and you
will succeed. Countless thousands of seeds
perish from too deep planting. The chief uses
of covering are to preserve moisture, and to
keep the seed in darkness during the germinating
process. Very fine seed must be sown on care-
fully sifted earth, which has been sprinkled
before the sowing is done. Cover the box with
a pane of glass, and if it looks dry, sjDray it with
a brush dipped in water and drawn lightly over
the edge of a stick. Be careful to wipe the
under side of the pane of glass occasionally, or
the moisture may be so much as to rot the seeds.

The seed-boxes must be set level, for other-
wise the constant tendency is to wash the light
seeds all to the lower side, and destroy many
whilst sprouting. The soil must be equally
pressed all over, or else watering will cause
some portions to sink lower than others, and so
form little puddles, which drown part of the
seed. The watering must be done with a fine
rose held so that the soil does not wash away,
for this, too, is a fruitful cause of failure, and
the time for watering must be in the evening or
early morning. Still, if the boxes look dry at
any time, water them and shade from the sun,
which will harden the surface and slaughter the
hopes of the coming plants.

(To be Coutinued.)

EDITORIAL NOTES.

Stuaktia YiKGiNiCA. — We have in this
country two species of Stuartia namely, pen-
tagyna and Virginica both exceedingly beautiful.
In the English Garden, for July 13th, there is a
colored plate of the Yirginica. Judging from
the remarks on the illustration, it appears that
there areas few specimens of Stuartia in Eng-
land as there are under culture here. The large
white flowers are very attractive, resembling
those of a single Camellia, in fact Stuartias and
Camellias belong to the same natural order.
The Stuartia was first brought to notice by
Catesby, a South Carolina botanist, who named
it in honor of John Stuart one of the Marquises
of Bute.

Trees in Large Cities. — The time will
probably come when street trees will be a mat-
ter of public concern, and not left, as it is now,
to private enterprise. As it is now, the house-
holder feels the need of shade from the Sum-
mer's svm, and protection from wintery blasts,
and he plants or not, according as he may have
the money to spare, or feel such enjoyment
agreeable to him. But the public have an interest
as well as he. His trees shelter other people,
and the foliage is no mean element in securing
public health. Indeed, from our point of view,
the great public is much more benefited by street
trees than the property owner who plants them.

It becomes, therefore, a question whether cities
should not take some share in the expense and
care of shade trees, as well as the owners of
property. In our opinion all cities should have
a department of public parks and gardens, the
whole under one central management, and street
trees to be considered as coming under their
charge, as ■v\P3ll as small open air spaces and
large public parks.

At the present time too much is expected of
the citizen. He has to plant the trees, care for
them, guard them against all sorts of trespas-
sers, and protect them from everybody's horses,
and then after all have the trees killed by leaky
gas pipes underground, which the city officials
could make gas-tight as well as not.

Primula Japotstica. — When this plant was
introduced a few years ago, it was supposed that
it would soon become popular. But of late it
has been neglected, evidently from a want of
knowledge in regard to the treatment it requires.
While on a visit to Mrs. H. Ingersoll, the writer

'J(')-J

THE GARDENER'S MON'IHL Y

ySfpit'inhtfy

saw it (loinij ri'inarkably \sA\ in licr wild <;ar-
den, j)laci'(l in the wdods. .luduiiii: tVoin this, it
appears that the \\a\\\ ri(iuires a moist and par-
tially shady plaee.

IIyi'EIUcitm i'YKiMii)ATi>i. — It isstraiiLjt' that
such beautiful plants as Ilyperieunis are not cul-
tivated more extensively; they are easily grown
and arc admirably suited to our climate. The
species named above is an exceedingly beauti-
ful one. We are led to speak of this from

clul) moss I'mni .lajian. i^ive the IVdlowing de-
scription ot it :

"It is caulescent, till- incipient stem rising to
al)out an inch or an inch and a half, then pro-
ducing a prolusion f)f circinate frondose Ijran-
chets, rather rigid in texture, which become
liorizontal as they lengthen, and arc furnished
with numerous lateral ofl'shoots, the whole form-
ing a good-sized spreading plant, with a regu-
lar but not formal outline. The color of the

■R:

selagixp:lla .tapoxk a.

having received from a correspondent a flower plant is a rather deep green, quite distinct from

of this species to name. The flower measured any other Selaginella."

over two inches in diameter. Thev bear our In America almost everything from .Japan is

Summer suns very well indeed.

found to be perfectly hardy.and wc have no doubt
it will prove a valuable addition to American
Ferti gardens.

White Lilium AUKATr>r.— Acccording to a
London paper there has been produced a nearly
Selaginella .Japonic A — Messrs. Jas.Yietch white variety of this beautiful Lily. It has
& Son, who introduced this beautiful species of • been named Lilium auratum virginalis.

NEW OR RARE PLANTS.

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

263

White Wistarias. — The American Agricul-
turist notices the existence of a white variety of
Wistaria fnitescens, the American Wistaria,
which is not regularly in the nursery trade. The
white Chinese Wistaria is. It makes a capital ad-
dition to the beauty of the common pui'ple kind.
The two growing together is a pretty sight. This
white growing with the American purple would
.also make a very agreeable picture.

SCRAPS AND QUERIES.

■Names of Plants — "A Lover of the Shrubs,"
TBoston. — The names of your plants are, Xo. 1,
Spiraea callosa; No. 2, Spirtea Billardi.

Belgian Honeysuckle.— T. M. P., An Old
Subscriber, Kingston, R. I. — Your Honeysuckle
is the Belgian Monthly, a variety of Lonicera
-Periclymenum, the Honeysuckle of the poets,
and of the Old World.

Lawn Grass.— F. Frankford, Phila., writes :
" I am interested in the note which you made
to your other Philadelphia correspondent about
the Lawn Grass. I have what I thought a Blue
Grass lawn, but have noticed two shades of
color in patches, and some of the lighter (and
finer leaved,) patch getting near a shrub bush, I
allowed some to make stalks, one of which I
send 3'ou. It looks very much like the Blue
Grass stalks, but it seems to do better in the cool
and shade than the darker. Are there two kinds
■ of Blue Grass ?"

[It is really very hard to decide on kinds by

these common names. Botanical names are
generally given by botanists, whose names all
the rest agrees to stand by, and thus tl ere is a
certain degree of uniformity ; but nobody knows
who gave common names, nor how many are at
naming the plants, and hence nobody can tell
what is the plant meant by any common name.
The grass sent is really Poa trivialis, or, as it is
given in botanical works, the " Rough Stalked
j Meadow Grass," though like what is known as
I " Kentucky Blue Grass," which is Poa pratensis,
and not P. campestris, as a slip of the pen made
us say in our late note, it is very distinct in some
respects. It seems more common than we sup-
posed in Pennsylvania, and as the lightness of
the color is referred to in distinction, it opens
up an old question whether what was origin-
ally known in Pennsylvania as Green Grass,
may not really have been Poa trivialis, and
that it was not the same as Poa pratensis, the*
Kentucky Blue Grass, as of late years has gener-
ally been believed. Not having the means to
decide this question, we merely put the sugges-
tion forward. If anyone can send us specimens
of what the old people knew as " Pennsylvania
Green Grass," we should be very much obliged.
It is also an important question how far the
Poa trivialis is really adapted to make good
lawns. When we get that Botanic Garden,
which the newspapers tell us the Commissioners
of Fairmount Park are about to inaugurate,
patches of all these grasses together will atford
valuable popular instruction.— Ed. G. M.]

Green House and House Gardening.

^OMMUNICA TIONS.

EPIDENDRJM.

BY C. H. S., BALTIMORE, MD.

This genus of Orchids is a very large one,
■containing several hundred species and varieties,
and had all the species that were formerly in it
been still retained, it would contain about one-
fourth of the Orchid" family. I have often
thought that the genus Polypodium among
Ferns, Amaryllis among bulbs and Epidendrum
with Orchids, were intended for the benefit of
agnorant plant collectors. Any newly discovered
(plant of either of these genus, that would not
ifit elsewhere, found a temporary home ; if a

Fern, as a Polypodium; a bulb, as an Amaryllis,
or an Orchid, it was called an Epidendrum.
Though our modern botanists have done much to
clear up these generas, they are still very un-
wieldy and I think are capal)le of division.

By the way, in the July number of the Gar-
dener's Monthly, some one writes of "Ama-
ryllis longifolia." There is no such plant as
"Amaryllis longifolia." It is Crinum capense
vide, Herbert on Amaryllidacea\ page 2C.U. A
mere glance at the plant should convince any-
one that it is not an Amaryllis, or as Herbert
has named the S. A. varieties Hippeastrum.
Though the genus Epidendrum is a very large
one, but a small percentage of the species are

264

THE GARDENER'S MONTH/. V

[St/>/itnberr

considcrod nrnainontal. A very proat propor-
tion of iho flowers arc <;rccnish-3'ollo\v, or
brown ish-j;roon, with little to recommend llioni
but their odor and liMi<j(h of blooininsj:, and
■where colleetions are lar<.'e, some of the best
of tlie odoriferous species e(^ine in very well, and
give but little trouble in their cultivation, for with
one or two exceptions, Epidendruni are the very
donkeys of the Orchid family. They will bear
more neglect and be more grateful for a little
attention than any other Orchids. The ffenus
is very dissimilar in growth and manner of llow-
ering, though all make their bloom from the
top of the bulb except E. Stamfordiamim (syn.)
Ba.silare. The}' can be divided mainly into two
classes. Those making short turbinate bulbs,
and those making long terete bulbs often four or
five feet long. Though, as a whole, the Epiden-
drunis are not show}', still there are a few very
handsome species, and without which no collec-
tion of Orchids would be complete.

E. bicornutum. A native of Trinidad and
Guiana. This is quite a difficult plant to culti-
vate, and I lost several plants before I succeeded
m growing and blooming it. It requires the hot-
test place in the house, and I have seen the glass
110° in the place where my plants hang. It has
hollow bulbs from eight to twelve inches long,
■with two or three stiff leaves. The flower stem
from twelve to sixteen inches long, and bears
about twelve flowers, two inches in diameter.
The color is pure waxy white, except the lip,
which is speckled crimson. If kept dry the
blooms last thirty to thirty-five days, and has a
delightful odor. Blooms in May or June.

E. aurantiacum. Guatemala. In growth like
Cattleya Skinneri. The flowers are orange color.
Blooms in April.

E. amabile and dichromum. Brazil. Short
bulbs, with panicles of flowers, white, rose, or
pink in the sepals and petals ; lip crimson. This
has not done well with me. Bloomed once, but
since then the bulbs have decreased in size.

E. macrochilum album and Roaeum, syn. E.
atropurpureiim. Short bulbs with two stilf dark-
green leaves. Sepals and petals brown, lip
white in some varieties, and rose in others. It
can be grown among the cool Orchids.

E. nemorale. Has short, dark-green bulbs
and dark leaves, with a panicle of rosy flowers,
lip lighter, with some red lines at the base. The
flower stem is stiff and upright. I was fortunate
enough to get several plants at a sale of Young &
Elliott's. I also had another Epidendruni in the

same lot with much darker flowers, lip beauti-
fully striped with pink, and the blooms were in
a flexuous raceme. Both have a very fine odor,
and remain a long time in bloom. Blooms three
and a-half inches in diameter.

E. ■pho'nicinm. f'ulia. Sliort bulbs; sepals
and petals l)r()wnish-purple, lip pink and crim-
son. Tills is a ]»eautiful species and rare. I
have bought many, but never got the true one-
but once. Two inches in diameter.

E. viielliniim. Mexico. Has small bulbs with-
a liluish tinge; flowers orange-scarlet, with a
very narrow bright yellow lip. There is a larger
variety under the name of vitellinum majus;:
flowers larger, two inches in diameter. I have
one now in bloom, which has been open sevent}^
days and the flowers still fresh.

There are other desirable Epidendrums of the-
bulbous species. E. selligerum, E. prismat-
ocarpum and E. primulinum. I have one with
racemes of neat white flowers, lip striped pink..
It was bought for E. phocnicium. I liave
another with flower stems over four feet long,
and laterals one foot. Flowers light yellow, with,
some brown marking on the lip. Came from.
Honduras, and is very fine, blooms last forty

I days, and remarkably sweet.

! E. Siamfordianum. Has long club-shaped
bulbs, and the flower stem comes from the base
of the bulbs. The ftowers are greenish-yellow,,
spotted reddish-brown. Makes a dense raceme-
Requires more heat than most Epidendrums.

E. aloifolium., syn. E. falcafum and E. Parkin-
sonii. Guatemala and Mexico. This is unique
for an Epidendruni. It has no bulbs, but in
growth resembles a large Brassavola, and bears
its flower nearly in the same way. It bears one
or two large flowers, Avhite, ■with a slight yellow
tinge, but in other varieties the sepals and petals
are brownish-white. It blooms in June, and
with me makes its growth in the Winter.

I E. radiatum. This is not very showy, but a.

! large plant with a dozen spikes of blooms ; makes
a neat appearance. Bulbs about five inches
long, dark green and furrowed, flowers one inch
in diameter, sepals and petals greenish-white,
lips white, beautifully marked with purple veins.
E.ciliare. Makes long' bulbs; flowers white,,
sepals and petals slender, often two inches long,,
lip white and beautifully fringed.

i E. cochleare. A curious species from the West
Indies and Central America. Sepals and petals-
greenish-yellow, reflexed like the petals of a
cyclamen ; lip dark purple with golden-yellow-

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

265

lines. It lasts long in bloom. I have seen one
stem in flower for over three months.

E. crassifolium, syn. E. elliptecum. A tall
straggling plant having short thick leaves on a
stem often four feet long. The flowers which
come from the top are small, but of a bright pink,
with a fringed lip. Where there is plenty of
room it is desirable, as it is nearly always in
bloom.

E. cinnabarinum and E. Schomhurgkianum.
In growth like E. crassifolium, but not so strong,
flowers in the same way, and keeps long in bloom.
Makes a more compact plant than E. crassifo-
lium. Should be grown in a basket, and the
slender stems bent round. This gives the plant
a better shape and causes it to break new
growths. Tiie flowers are light orange — scarlet
lip fringed yellow.

E. rhizophorum^ syn. E. radicans. A tall
grower, with the same habit of growtli as E.
crassifolium, but even taller. However, the
stem can be easily bent when young. It makes
numerous small roots along the stem. Flowers
in a raceme, orange-scarlet; keeps in bloom a
long time. I have an Epidendrum from Brazil
of the same terete habit, but it only grows
about eighteen inches high, with light red
flowers. Within the last ten years there has
been introduced into Europe several more of
these tall growing Epidendrunis, E. cattillus, E.
cnemidophnrum, E. Frederic Guilulmi, E. pani-
culatum and E. syringoth^-rsus. Judging from
the descriptive and catalogue prices, these should
be very fine, though neither is an infallible test,
as anyone will find who goes largely into import-
ing Orchids from Europe, from catalogue descrip-
tions. They are inclined to cut things too fine,
and make too many species from mere varieties.
This is not only true with regard to Orchids, but
all, hybrid plants, Geraniums, Roses, &c.

The species of Epidendrum with bulbs should
be kept near the light, and must not get much
water until the growths are well advanced. In
fact they seem to require 'less moisture than
any other Orchids. There are no doubt many
other fine varieties to be introduced, but the
bulbs so much resemble one another that it is
risky buying them at auction, as they seldom
turn out true to name. At least that is my ex-
perience.

ALOCASIA JENNINCSII.

BY MANSFIELD MILTOX, CLEVELAND, OHIO.

If this Alocasia was to get anything like the

good treatment bestowed upon the finer species
of this genus, cultivators would be well repaid
for the extra care, for, although a plant which
will grow under more adverse circumstances than
many of the other Alocasias, still it is only when
good treatment is given it that its true beauty is
seen. The leaves grow about six inches long,
the ground color a glaucous green, between the
principle veins are blotches of black. For soil^
a good mixture of peat and sphagnum moss,
with a number of small pieces of charcoal
through it, is most suitable ; plenty of drainage
is requisite, and makes the best plant when
grown in a pan. During its season of growth
it requires, to bring out the true markings, a
high temperature and plenty of moisture, as red
spider is a great enemy when grown in a dry
atmosphere. When at rest do not keep it in a
low temperature, but withhold giving too much
water at the roots.

WINDOW BOXES AND JARDINIERES.

BY MRS. C. B. JONES, MONROE, MO.

Beautiful flowers, climbing vines and luxuriant
foliage, have their beauty greatly enchaned by
tasteful receptacles, and those other accessories,
such as handsome trellises, tasteful stands, &c.,
which testify to the care bestowed upon them.

In this day, when " retrenchment " is the
word that governs the majority of households,
it becomes a matter of some importance for
those who, with artistic tastes but limited means,
desire to surround themselves with the beautiful
in nature and art, to be able to do so with as little
expense as possible, therefore it is with real
pleasure we oft'er to you a description of some re-
ceptacles for window plants, which we have made
with satisfaction to ourselves and the admiration.

-2G6

j'ni: o.ik'/)/:\J:A''s .\/().\ /■///. y

\_Stftcml>cr,

•of all wlio havi'si'i'ii tliom. TluMviiulow Ixtxi's are
•made as usual, an ordinal-)' pine (.-ast', ton inches
to one foot deep and from om- to two feet wide,
the leiii,'tl» of the window, and lined witli zine or ,
painted tin. Xow the face of eacli box is embel- |
lished in several different ways, three of which 1
we will deserihf : |

Imitntioti of Inlnid-wnott. — "We endeavor to I
liave (he wood formini,' the front of each box of
smooth pine, with colored streaks and markinirs
of those clear rich tints peculiar to this wood. ;
The extreme edges are either finished with a sim- j
]de mouldinp;, or if this is not practicable, with '
a l)order corresponding with the centre, which is i

dampened and removed, and the leaves, tendrils,
«!v:c.. arc tlicn veined and marked witli a very
line brusii (jr pen, and tlie entire surface twice
varnished with copal, rubl)ed down with pulver-
ized pumice stone on a wet flannel pad, washed
and re-varnished ; this course pursued until a
fine polish is secured. The leaves will appear
as if tinted with the rich, clear shades of Autumn,
and the effect is excctulingly striking, looking
like tine inlaid-work.

AVe have one ebonized with a geometrical bor-
der, and an edge of the " Grecian Key," then
curious Japanese figures, instead of the vine, for
central embellishment. Tiie wood in this was

thus embellished, home design suited to the
size of the board is marked out, and cut from
thick paper. "We have one with a circle in the
centre, from which spring, on each side, a pat-
tei-n of vine, leaves and grapes, larger in the
centre and gradually diminishing at the ends,
"where four corner-pieces, corresponding with the
centre, but only one-fourth the size.

These paper patterns are pasted upon the
board in proper position, then the ijround is
either stained with burnt umber, ebonized with
a decoction of logwood and a wash of vinegar,
in which rusty iron has been kept for several
days, or covered with spray or spatter work, in
any color preferred. "When dry the papers are

dark and riclily marked, and th;; eflect is sur-
prisingly fine, appearing equal to the finest
colored woods.

[Messrs. W. B. Gleason .*c Co., 212 West Cam-
den St., Boston, have kindly furnished us with
some cuts from their Illustrated Catalogue to go
with Mrs. Jones' article. — Ed. G. M.]

FLOWERING OF THE RAPHIS
FLABELLIFORMIS.

BY DAVID yv. IJALCir. SALEM, MASS.

A good specimen of Raphis fiabelliformis, in
my collection, is at present in flower, showing a
strong branching spike from the axil of the fourth
leaf from the apex of the plant. The main

1878.]

AND HOR TICUL TURIST.

267

■stem of the specimen, that showhig flower, is
about five feet hifjli, and surronnded by eleven
offsets of various sizes. B. S. Williams, in his
"Choice Store and Green-house Plants," says
this species is not known to have flowered in
England, hence the fact of its flowering under
green-house culture may be a phenomenon of
sufficient rarity to merit being put on record.

EDITORIAL NOTES.

Mixing Oil and Water. — It is well known
Avhat an admirable thing coal oil is in destroying
insects on plants when not too strong, but it
cannot be diluted with water. In the attempt
to mix it, the oil would stay on the top, and the
water go to the bottom of course. Mr. Knight,
in the London Florist mentions a plan that he
has been pursuing with success. He uses coal
oil in the proportion of one wine-glassful to four
gallons of water. He keeps the two mixed with
the syringe in this way: before using he squirts
a syringe full into the. lower part of the vessel,
and immediatelv draws it in again and applies it
to the plant. By following this method, the oil
and water becomes well mixed.

HoAV TO Make Skeleton Leaves. — The
Gardener'' s Chronicle gives the following as Mrs.
Cusson's plan : " For the dissection of leaves I
And the process of masceration too long and
tedious, to say nothing of the uncertainty as to
the results ; I have therefore adopted the use of
alkali in saturated solution, the specimens to be
introduced while the liquid is heated to boiling
point. The time of immersion to be regulated
by the character of the various leaves, and the
nature of the epidermis to be removed. When
the specimen, is freed from epidermis and cel-
lular tissue, it must be subjected to the action of
chlorine to destroy the coloring matter. The
introduction of peroxide of hydrogen serves not
only to render the lace-like specimen purer in
color but presei've it also.

'' In destroying the coloring matter in Ferns
this also is invaluable ; added to the chlorine it
gives a solidity to the bleached fronds, and ap-
pears to equalize the action of the chlorine. For
skeletonizing capsules, the slow process of ma-
ceration by steeping in rain-water is alone avail-
able— a moderate heat may be applied to hasten
the process, but alkali is useless.

" The only known flower which can be dis-
sected is the Hydrangea japonica. The fibrous

nature of the petals renders it easy to skeleton-
ize in the perfect truss in which it grows. Skele-
tonized leaves and capsules appear to gain in
the process a toughness and durability not pos-
sessed by them in their natural state."

Growth of a Marechal Niel Rose.— The
Gardener's Chronicle gives the following good
growth as something very remarkable, but we
fancy some of our American Rose-growers
could make a better showing : " At Messrs. J.
& G. Hayes' nursery, at Edmonton, there can
be seen growing overhead in a plant house two
plants of Marechal Niel Rose, on their own
roots, that were planted out at each end of the
stage, carried up pillars and along the roof, for
the purpose of supplying flowers. The first
year the plants appeared to be engaged in the pre-
paratory work of rooting themselves into the
fine natural loam that abounds in the district ;
the next year the plants put forth leading shoots
some fifteen feet or so in length, but the next
year each plant, in six weeks, put forth shoots
forty-five feet in length, and since then only
small branches have been formed that bear
plenty of flowers. It has been said that a Mare-
chal Niel Rose soon wears itself out after such
vigorous efforts : this appears as if it would be
the case with the two Roses under notice. The
main stems have swoolen to a great size, and
now at a short distance from the ground, having
1 swoolen out in a kind of canker-like formation,
I there are appearing ominous slits in the bark in
I an upward direction that portend dissolution.
In each case the strong shocts to which allusion
has been made sprang directly from the soil,
from a point of the parent stem just below the
soil, consqueutly the junction is beneath the
cracking bark. It is Messrs. Hayes' intention
to build up a kind of shallow pit of soil round
the base of the shoots, in the hope that they
may be induced to put forth roots, and so get a
new lease of life.

NEIV OR RARE PLAXTS.

Antiiurii M ORNATUM.— Most plants of the
Arum family of which the well known Richar-
dia or Calla is an illustrious example, prove
such excellent kinds for r(.om or greenhouse
culture, that cultivators gladly welcome any
new and good one. When the writer was visit-
ing Mr. B. S. William's nursery, at Upper Hol-
loway, near London, last spring, Anthurium

268

THE GARDEXER'S MOX'JULY

{September^.

ornatnm. a new one of this class was in bloom ily : some of (honi arc uiisuri)assi'(l for tlu> beau-
aiid vvrv attractive. Mr. "W. lias kindly fur- ty and uscfuliicss oltlu-ir llowi-r.s. and others for

ANTHUP.IU3I ORNATUM.

nished us with the following description of it : | the magnificence of their foliage ; but the one-
''The Anthuriums comprise a very large fam- 1 now offered combines both these features ; im

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

269

^veil-grown plants the petioles are about three
feet long; leaves light green, and cordate in
shape, from nine to twelve inches broad; the
Howers are thrown well above the foliage on
stout flower stalks; the spathe, which is pure
white is from six to eight inches in length, and
two and three-quarter inches in breadth, taper-
ing towards the apex; the spadix, which is about
six inches in length, stands up very conspicuous,
being nearly black, but covered with a violet
hue ; this most interesting plant should find a
place in every collection.

SCRAPS AND QUERIES.

Egbert's Portable Terra Cotta Dry
■ Stove. — Can any one inform a Doylestown,
Bucks County Pa., correspondent if "Robert's
portable patent terra cotta dry stove " for heat-
ing plant houses, can be obtained in this country,
and if so from whom ? It was noticed in the
London Garden^ March 1st, 1873, in vol. 3d,
and he thinks from the description given, it
would suit admirably in a good sized plant cel-
lar, which he uses for his Oranges, Lemons, Cape
Jasamines, &c. It gets ample light from three
large area windows ; keeps out frost perfectly,
and his plants thrive in it; but it is not warm
enough to induce them to flower and set their
-fruit.

Oiled Sheeting. — J. M., Brenham, Texas,
writes: "Can you please inform me through

the MoNTHiiY, what will keep sheeting from
rutting when exposed to the atmosphere. "We
have to use it on the roofs of our greenhouses,
and propagating houses ; we cannot use glass,
on account of the heavy hail storms we are
visited with frequently. I have seen whole
roofs of greenhouses of glass utterly demolished
in a few moments by these feai'ful storms,
they come so very sudden there is no time
to make any preparations to protect glass, and
the hail is larger than pigeon eggs, and glass
will not stand that. We have been using good
strong sheeting and have given it two coats of
linseed oil to keep out water, which it has .done ;
have used both the raw and the boiled oil, and
have found no difference in it. It seems to stand
here very well in the Winter and Spring and
plants grow well under it, but through the Sum-
mer it rots away at once. Through the Winter
and Spring, after the oil is put on, the sheeting
looks perfectly white, but directly the hot
weather sets in, the sheeting turns quite black,
and plants will not do well in that dark light.
Kow, can you please tell me of any prepai'ation
we can use that will keep the sheeting from
rotting and becoming full of mildew? Can
you also tell me where I can procure fresh seed
of Magnolia fuscata ?"

[We know of nothing better than the plan
already in use by our correspondent. The Xew
Orleans seedsmen could probably get the seed
required. — Ed. G. M.]

Fruit and Vegetable Gardening.

SEASONABLE HINTS.

The planting of the Pear, Apple, Plum and
'Cherry will soon be in season ; Peaches Apricots
and Grape vines, except south of the Potomac
being for the most part left till Spring, Choose
a dry piece of ground. If not naturally dry, it
is best to throw the earth up into banks or ridges
and plant on them. This is cheaper and better
than underdraining. In planting, if the roots
appear deep, cut away some of the deeper ones,
and shorten some of the top of the tree at the
same time. This is particularly true of dwarf
Pears which are often grafted on rather long
Quince stocks. Cut away all of the Quince root
;but about six inches, and if this should be found

to leave few roots, cut away the top correspond-
ingly. Most of the failures with dwarf Pears
come from bad Quince roots, so deep in the
ground the lower parts decay, and this decay
gradually communicates upwards until the whole
system becomes diseased. The more tenacious
the subsoil the more necessary it is to attend to
this matter. Wo spoke of pruning in proportion
to injury. It will be found that all trees are a
little injured by removal, therefore all trees
should be a little pruned at transplanting.

Whitewash is frequently resorted to by farmers,
but the great objection is its unsightly appear-
ance— the I'esult is otherwise good. The great
opposition to washes formerly was, that the
pores of the bark were closed by them — this

270,

THE GARDENER'S MONTHLY

\Stpti'mbcr,

•was on the supposition that the Inirk was alive,
l)Ut tilt* external bark of most trees has been
dead years before the time of applieation ; and
•• the breathing" if so the operations of the
pores can be called, it is throu<;h the crevices
formed in the old bark by the expansion of the
irrowini; tree, liy wliieh the living liark below
lias a chance of contact with the air. Xo mat-
ter what kind of coatinu: is applied to the bark of
a tree, it will soon crack sulliciently by the ex-
pansion of the trunk to permit all the " breath-
inj;" necessary.

The main crop of Spinach should now be
sowij. Properly cooked, there arc few vegetables
more agreeable to the general taste, and few
fannlies who have gardens will wish to be with-
out it. It is essential that it have a very well
enriched soil, as good large leaves constitute its
perfection as a vegetable. As soon as the weather
becomes severe, a light covering of straw should
be thrown over it. A few Radishes may be sown
with the Spinach for Fall use.

Turnips also may still be sown. In fact, if
the soil be rich, a better quality of root for table
use will be obtained than if sown earlier.

Celery and Endive will still require the atten-
tion in blanching described in former hints.

Cabbage and Cauliflower are sown this month
for Spring use. The former requires some care,
as, if it grow too vigorous before "Winter, it will
all run to seed in the Spring, The best plan is
to make 'two sowings — one early in the month,
the other at the end. The rule is get them only
just so strong that they may live over the AVinter
in safety. Many preserve them in frames; but
they should have wooden sashes or shutters in-
stead of glass, so as not to encourage them to
grow much.

Cauliflower, on the other hand, cannot well be
too forward. Most persons provide a pit of stone,
brick or wood, sunk five or six feet below the
surface of the ground, into which leaves, manure,
or an}' waste vegetable matter is filled. When
quite full it is suffered to heat a little, when it
will sink somewhat and have more material
added to it; about six inches of good rich loam
is then placed on it, and early in November the
Cauliflower planted out. The object in refilling
the leaves so often is to insure the plants reniain-
ing as near the glass as possible, which is very
essential in the growth of Cauliflowers. Lettuce
is treated in the same way, and seed should be
sown now to prepare for the planting. The
Cabbage Lettuce is the kind usually employed.

COMMUNICA TIONS.

THE CRESCENT SEEDLING
STRAWBERRY.

]!V W. F. BASSETT, HAMMONTON, N. J.

I recently paid a visit to the farm of Ezra
Stokes, at lierlin, N. J., where this variety has
been planted in alternate rows with "Wilson's
All)any, Cliarles Downing, Capt. Jack, Monarch
of the "West, Great American, &c., «Scc., all re-
ceiving the same treatment for the purpfise of
affording the public a chance to test the com-
l)arative merits of this variety. As this was in-
tended for a practical test of value for general
cultivation, no extra manuring was given, the
land being prepared just about as it would
require to bring a fair crop of corn. The plants
were set in singly rows, and allowed to run into
beds three to four feet wide, and the Crescent
showed its first advantage in filling the beds
twice or three times as full as any other variety.
In vigor and health of foliage it also showed a
marked superiority ; while in quantity of fruit,
it was so far ahead of all the others " That he
who runs could read." I should estimate it at
not less than double any other, not except-
ing that standard of jiroductiveness, AVilson's
Albany, and in comparison with this latter
variety, the berries were lighter in color, better in
quality and averagecr larger in size. One im-
portant point I observed was the very small
number of flowers which failed to produce good
sized and perfect fruit, no other variety coming
any where near up to it in this respect. A few-
plants were kept in hills to try that method, and
on one of these plants a friend counted thirty
stalks full of fruit. I have also been informed
by Mr. S. (who by the way, is a thoroughly re-
liable man), that since my visit, after a delay of
three days rainy weather in picking, scarcely
anv soft berries could be found.

A NEW CHEkRY.

B Y C II A s. Ij () AV X I X G .

The Ida Cherry, a new and very promising
early Cherry, raised by E. H. Cocklin, of Shep-
perdstown, Cumberland County, Pa., who kindly
sent me, by express, a liberal supply, which
came in good condition, although fully ripe and
of tender flesh. Mr. Cocklin informs me that it
is a seedling of the Cocklin's Favorite, about
twenty-five years old, and having borne good
crops for fifteen years, is considered worthy of

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

271

general introduction. The tree is a vigorous,
upright grower, and an abundant bearer, ripen-
ing about the same time as the May Duke. It
is named after his daughter Ida.

Fruit rather lai'ge, obtuse conical, slightly
compressed, suture slight; skin pale whitish-
yellow, nearly covered with light bright red,
more or less mottled, stalk of medium length,
slender, inserted in a rather large deep cavity ;
flesh very tender, jucy, rich, very good, if not
best quality, pit very small.

CRAPE CULTURE IN TEXAS.

B Y W. BUSTRIN, DALLAS, TEXAS.

In one of the nuuibers of the Monthly, I
saw your remark, that according to Prof. Buck-
ley's report. Grapes did not succeed well in
Texas. What does the Prof, think to be the
matter? Let him come to Dallas, I will show
him successful vineyards, in spite of all the wet
weather past, though at the same time 1 Avill
show him Grapes of the Vitis vinifera which
have all rotted.

Further, his remarks on Red Raspberi'ies
being a failure. Does the Prof, know that from
his own experience, or has he read that in cata-
logues ? Further : the Prof, says that Apple
trees will not grow unless from Southern nurse-
ries. I would advise him to acclimate his soil
first, by frequent stirring, the hot sun is very
much needed on it, and then select such varie-
ties as are best suited for the climate, no matter
where they are grown, but he must give his
order to nurserymen •, not to men who know not
how to handle a tree.

FRUIT CULTURE IN KANSAS.

BY JAMES TRUITT, CHAMUTE, KANSAS.

One would not suppose that Southern Kansas
was adapted to fruit, especially the Apple, as
the "Winters are short and our Summers very
long, we Avould think that Winter Apples
especially would ripen before gathering and not
keep, such, however, is not the facts. I saw
as nice Apples at Fort, last Winter a year ago,
as I ever saw in Kentucky. They were good
size, high colored, fine flavored, solid, and keep-
ing well, and when I came out here last Spi'ing
I saw as nice specimens as could be grown any-
where. They were high colored, solid and
sound and very handsome. Last September I
sent a box of Apples containing forty varieties

from my old orchard in Kentucky to Lawrence,.
Kansas, to some fruit men there, and they sent
me as a compliment forty varieties of Kansas.
Apples — some of these I was informed were
plucked from trees grown in my old Kentucky
nursery. I thought they were as large and as
handsome specimens as I ever saw in my life.
Southern Kansas, I think, produces as fine
peaches as can be grown anywhere. Amsden
was ripe here June 14th, and a few days ago I
visited an orchard northeast of Chamute and
counted fifty-five specimens on a tree, two years
from bud, six feet high, one inch at the collar;;
smaller tree had no specimen. I saw what
nurserymen would call a good second-class tree
loaded with fair specimens of this variety.

We are having this season all kinds of fruit..
I have visited several orchards containing all
kinds of fruit. Peaches hardly ever fail here.
Raspberries and Strawberries did well here. I
had a good laugh at one of my neighbors here ;
he said Stravvberries would do no good here.
He then had one-tenth of an acre in plants ; they
commenced ripening the first of May, and he
had a bountiful crop, gathering some days forty
quarts. When I commenced laughing at him,
well, he said, " this is the first good crop I have
had in seven years." I arrived here on the 26th
of February, and everything had to be shaped
up, and it was late before I set my plants out,
and had but little fruit this season, but enough
to indicate what can be done here. "The Dr.
Warder especially behaved finely, and I think
is one of our best market berries. Fruit of
fair size, very solid, good flavor, and colors up
sometime before it is ripe, giving the market
man nearly a week in which to handle them ; if
he is crowded, can wait on him, if he lacks a
few quarts to fill his crates, or wait on him to
ripen, as he pleases. I have known this variety
to bring treble the price of the Wilson, as thej''
come in just as the Wilson is gone, and berries
are generally scarce and high. My Raspberry-
plant was cut short to save freight, and being
late planted I did not expect any fruit ; but they
surprised me, as every variety I had produced
some fruit, except Grey and a fpw other new
varieties. The Golden Cap is the first in order,
ripening here the 2Sth of May ; is one of our best
amateur berries. The Xesho Rlack Cap is very
common here, and does very avcU in size and
color; resembles the Doolittle, but hardly so
good, I think; comes in just after the Golden
Cap. The Philadelphia is doing fine here, and

THE GARDENEirS MOXTJILY

\Stptt'mhiri

;So is the Parnell, Kirtlaud, Mammoth Cliistor
and Thurston. Tlio hitter is tlie hirm'st and
.most pnKhutive Raspberry I have ever 3'et seen.

THE EARLY PEACHES IN KANSAS THIS
YEAR.

1!Y It. E. VAND12MAX, (.iKNKVA, KAXSAS.

This is the eleventh day of July, and the last
•of Hale's Earl}' is just gathered. The season
seems to be about four weeks earlier than is
usual. The whole list of early peaches known
to the public, so far as fruited in Kansas this
year, is surpassed in both earliness and size by
at least fifty new seedlings of Kansas origin,
many of which have borne their lirst fruit this
year. It would be an arduous ta^k, and would
take too much space to give anything like de-
tailed statements of those which I have seen.
If I were to tell of all those heard from, it would
be much more tedious ; I will simply state con-
cerning a few, leaving out details. It will also
save space to say that all of these new seedlings
ai'e in shape, size and quality very much like
Alexander, and either known, or supposed to be
seedlings of Hale's Early.

On my own farm, in a neglected Peach nur-
sery let grow for fuel, were about twenty seed-
lings that bore this year for the first time, and
all ripening, good sound specimens on June loth.
The trees had not been cultivated for two years,
and were crowded and shaded so badly that the
fruit could not possibly attain its perfection.
Specunens from these trees measured seven and
a quarter inches. Alexander, three rods distant,
on same kind of soil and with better care, did
not exceed six inches in circumference. A
friend, living two miles distant, had ten seed-
ling trees in his orchard that bore their second
crop this 3'ear, of like character with mine. C.
C Kelsey, of Humboldt, wrote me that he had
five seedling trees of the same description of
fruit, bearing this 3'ear for the first. Simon
Bucher, twelve miles south-east from Emporia,
has also found among his nursery seedlings some
twenty-five trees, all of like character. Mrs.
Louisa Burns, near Emporia, has one seedling
tree much like the rest.

Geo. L. Kroh, of Wyandotte County, has a
new seedling i-ipe June 20tli. I could give the
names of a dozen niore persons originating
from one to three trees of a similar character,
the fruit of which I have seen or heard of upon
_good authority. As to the well-known early

PoachcB, it seems hardly worth while to men-
tioii them, only loi- comparison, except tlif
Alexander. This variety is the l)est and earliest
of those generally disseminated and fruiled.
Wilder, Sauiuiers, Downing and Musser have
not yet fruited. Amsden proves generally small
and so very inferior in flavor that we deem it no
longer worthy of propagation. It did not ripen
here until June 2(ith, which was some five days
later than Ahwander. Early J3t'atrice, ripe
June 25th. A good little Peach that will bear
shipping well, but too small and late to be worth
planting where we have so many better newer
sorts. Early Louise was i*ipe June 30th. Rich
in quality, but too soft and dull-colored to meet
with favor except at home. Hale's Early have
nearly all rotted because of the wet weather.
It is a favorable sign for these new seedlings
that but few of them seem liable to rot, as does
their parent the Hale's. We propose to give
these seedlings a chance to show what they are,
and we really expect something better than is
now propagated. Some few are named, but the
number is so large and increasing so fast that it
seems probable that it is yet hardly best to name
and disseminate. In a few years we will perhaps
have seedlings from these early kinds that will
surpass what we now have.

It seems a strange thing that all at once, in so
many places, there should spring up so many
extremely early Peaches. But Kansas far out-
reaches all other States in both number and

season.

>•••

EDITORIAL NOTES.

English Importations of Fruit. — The
prevalent impression among the people of this
country is that the skilled gardeners of England
are enabled, by forcing and careful treatment,
to supply most of the fruit required in their
countr3\ But ^ve learn from a London paper
that large quantities are imported almost daily
from the continent ; many tons of Strawberries
and Cherries being shipped at Havre, St. Malo
and Honfleur, on board the steamers to Southamp-
ton, whence they are sent by train to London.
Judging from this, the continent of Europe beai's
the same relation to England, that Florida does
to us in supplying early fruit.

Coal Tar on Fruit Trees. — We often see
the most absurd notions attributed to the editor
of the Gardener's Monthly, and have come

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

273

to look at such things as matters of course. In
traveling around, little changes occur, and from
one to another the little changes become great,
till, with even the most perfect faith in an over-
ruling Providence, we have little regard for the
'■'■ truths of history." Our good friend, Mar-
shall P. Wilder, does not take to those troubles
quite so patiently, as witness the following from
the MassachuseW s Ploughman :

" In the Ploughman, of May 4th, a writer
signing himself J. L. B., states that he used coal
tar on fruit trees to protect them from the rava-
ges of mice, by the recommendation of Mar-
shall P. Wilder, and thereby destroj^ed or injured
his fruit trees. I never gave such advice, nor
should I have used tar of any kind without first
wrapping the tree in cloth or other material so
that the tar might not come in contact with the
bark of the tree. Marshall P. Wilder."

Culture of Orchard Trees. — Mr. T. T.
Lyon, a well-known and an excellent Western
fruit grower, and who was one of the pomologi-
cal judges at the Centennial, gives some good
advice in the Rural New Yorker on the manage-
ment of orchards during the summer. He shows
how the common recommendation of mulching
orchard trees during summer cannot be so good
as stirring the surface soil, and we quite agree
with him. We have always regarded " mulch-
ing" orchards, on any very extensive plan, as
impracticable, and never saw any large orchard
so treated. On these large plans w^e regard the
choice to be, first, between giving up the ground
wholly to the trees and keeping the surface
stirred by the cultivator, in order to pulverize
the soil and keep down weeds. Secondly, plough-
ing up and growing vegetables, fruits, or grain
among the trees. Thirdly, cultivating grass in
the orcbard for hay, or pasturing it with hogs or
cattle. Mulching for large orchards, we regard
as one of the things out of all calculation in
profitable fruit growing.

SCRAPS AND QUERIES.

The Burns Peach. — Mr. Downing writes
that he did not intend to convey a positive opinion
that the Burns and the Alexander were the
same, but only. that he had hoon informed ihdit
they were the same.

The FIornet Raspberry. — A Massachu-
setts corrt!spondent informs us that the largest

and best berries ever seen at the meetings of
Massachusetts, were there recently, of this
variety. One kind, probably the Belle de Fonte-
nay, has been doing duty for this sterling kind
on some occasions.

Thomson's Orange Peach. — On the 26th of
July we received from C. W. Westbrook & Co.,
Wilson, K. C, a specimen of the above named
Peach. It is quite a good sized Peach for an
early one, but is under the middle size of late
Peaches. It has a beautiful color, somewhat
like a golden Apricot, is free-stoned, and has a
very good sub-acid fiavor. It is the earliest yel-
low Peach we know, and on the whole is a
variety of good promise.

Gumbo. — In a notice of Okra, our good neigh-
bor, the American Agriculturist, which, by the
Avay, we are glad to find as interesting as ever
under its new management, says :

" Though in the catalogues, the plant is called
'Okra, or Gumbo,' the name Gumbo properly
belongs to the dish prepared from the pods,
rather than to the plant itself, as the Southern
cooks make Gumbo without the use of Okra,
but substitute the pith and young leaves of Sas-
safras, one of the native violets, and perhaps
other plants."

Our impression is that Okra is the substitute
for the Sassafras, and not the Sassafras for the
Gumbo. As we are not sure about this, how-
ever, we call attention to it so as to get at the
" bottom facts " by those who are in the secret.

Mowing the Leaves of Strawberries. —
W. H. W., Reading, Mass., asks: "Will you
please state in the Gardener's Monthly for
August, if possible, your opinion about the wis-
dom of cutting off the leaves of Strawberry
plants after the crop has been gathered?"

[We have occasionally very good results in-
deed, especially in the cases of shy bearing kinds,
or varieties that ought to bear well but do not.
It is a question that cannot be decided by rule.
We fancy the tendency of the practice is to in-
crease productiveness at the expense of size. —
Ed. G. M.J

Insects on the Grape Vine. — S. P., New-
port, R. I., writes : " I send by mail, with this
letter, a small box containing a portion of Grape
vine root. You will find, by applying the glass
to it, it is covered with small yellowish-green in-
sects, which feed on the same, as you see by the
piece of root sent, till they kill the root outright.
In the Spring they come out of the ground in

274

rilE GARDENER'S MONTJIL Y

\Scptt'mbi'i ,.

large quantities and last for several weeks, when
they die away a^ain, and I suppose lay their
e<"'s for the crop of the future. Tliey do not
seem to injure the foliage at all whihMu the hug
form, hut through the day are constmitly (lying
against the glass; they liave now disappeared
ahout ten days. On examining the roots to-day
I find a great many killed and many full of the
insects like the root sent you in a small piece of
paper in the liox. Are any of the bugs in their
full grown state ? Is this what is called the Phyl-
loxera ornot ? Do you think a strong solution
of tobacco water would be injurious to the vines ?
If not, I think where they could be reached with
it, it would kill them while in this state. Please
advise me what is best to do, and oblige."

[There was a large quantity of Phylloxera on
these roots and a small beetle in addition. We
sent the box to a prominent coleopterist on ac-
count of these beetles, but he evidently over-
looked them, as he reported " nothing but phyl-
loxera." Please send some more sometime.
"VVe never saw roots eaten out b}^ a beetle as
these were. Perhaps the tobacco might do. Try,
and report. — Ed. G. M.]

Seedling Gooseberry.— C. P., Beaver Dam,
Wis., says : " I send you by this mail a specimen
of a valuable Gooseberry, claimed to be a seed-
line; raised in Vermont and brought to Wiscon-

sin about twelve years since, hut the originator
had persistently refused to let .so much as a cut-
ting go out of his hands, but after his death, one
year ago, I purchased the entire stock from his
widow, and now find on llieir bearing that I have
several varieties, some of them worthless, some
fair specimens, this, however, is the best and
largest of the kinds. I had noticed this one
carefully for several years, while in the hands of
the originator, and never discovered any signs of
mildew on it, while all the English varieties
thus far tested have mildewed more or less every
year, so 1 conclude this must be an American
seedling. Please give me your opinion. I re-
gret that the berries are not ripe, but the proba-
bility is if not sent at this stage of growth they
would not be sent at all, as we are tormented
with fruit theives so that it is very difficult to
get a specimen of any new or valuable fruit left
until fully ripe."

[These are of the English race of Gooseberries,
and, as we said of Mr. Rowe's seedling, if it
continues free of mildew it will be a valuable
addition. All experience so far has been against
the English Gooseberry and in favor of the
American in resisting mildew. Xow and then
when an English kind finds its roots in a cool
place it does very well. It is by no means un-
usual to see occasional plants of English Goose-
berry free of milde\v.]

Forestry.

COMMUNICA TIONS.

FELLING TREES.

BY MARGID DIGRAM, PHILADELPHIA, PA.

As the cutting down and the removal of trees
are as much the work of the forester as their
planting, and the after care of their growth, I
thought the following remarks regarding an
idea suggested during a trip West six months
ago, might be a legitimate contribution to your
department of Forestry.

In many cases, very especially where the
ground on which the forest stands is needed for
tillage, or for growing the ordinary crops of
the farm, it is desirable not only to remove the
trunk of the tree with the foliage which shades the
ground, but also the stump which, if left, stands

in the way of the plough and harrow and so
causes much loss of time in passing around it.
There are patented articles for extracting the
stump after the trunk has been cut away, but
the employment of which requires considerable
outlay either in their purchase, or hire, or in
pay of men skilled in their use.

What I here propose calls for nothing in ad-
dition to the woodman's axe excepting one or
more lengths of stout rope. The tree in fact by
my method lifts its own roots, the axeman's
duty being simply to cut the diverging branches
of the root. AVhilst the cutting was being done,
a rope would be attached to some point well up
the trunk, by means of which the fall would be
facilitated and a direction given to it. After
the felling of the tree a large saw would make
a clean separation of trunk and roots, and this

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

275

use of the saw instead of the axe would work an
average saving of a lineal foot in each tree and !
a number of cubic feet where the tree was a
large one. This process of removing trees is
after Nature's own way, and I oflfer it as worthy
of consideration on account of its economy both
of time and product.

EDITORIAL NOTES.

THE BYFIELD ELWl.

BY JACOB W. MAjSTNTNG, READING, MASS.

We measured the " Byfield Elm," on the land
of Benjamin Parsons, Byfield Parish, Xewbury,
Mass. The tree is in sight of the cars as one
goes to Newburyport, Mass., by Boston & Maine
Railroad, some thirty miles from Boston. Mr.
Parsons has authority to call the tree very near
100 years old. There is some decay on one side
near the roots. Height of tree 100 feet; diame-
ter or spread of branches 118 feet ; circumference
of trunk by line, three feet from ground, resting
on the foremost ridges, twenty-seven feet; cir-
cumference at three feet from ground by press-
ing the line into the depressions between what
may be called buttresses, forty-two feet; around
the waist, at six feet from ground, seventeen and
three-quarter feet; by estimation, at twelve
feet, where the branches shoulder out, thirty
feet.

I do not know of an Elm in this part of the
State of Massachusetts equal to this, but there
are very many that rank well as to size and some
far excel it in age. I think few Elms live much
over 100 years without showing some signs of
decay. Doubtless many would remain healthy
• much longer here if not for the fact that they
get broken by winds in Summer when in leaf
and in Winter b}'^ ice.

The different forms the American Elm assumes
is a feature of note. Some have immense trunks
and comparatively little top as compared with
the Byfield Elm. It must have fifteen cords or
more of cord wood, or even twenty cords if root
and all could be sawed to four feet crossties.
Seedling trees from such patriarchs ought to
command ready sale, but like live stock or fruits,
soil and culture are elements of success.

Accounts of big trees coming from the Eastern
coast look tame by the side of facts from the
Western coast, but local pride is something to
date from. Mt. Washington, in our native State,
is not the largest sort of an elevation, but is the
best we can show, and many go to see it.

Tree Planting in Switzerland.— It is
the custom in parts of Switzerland to plant a
tree on family holidays, such as a marriage, &c.,
the friends of the family usually furnisliing and
planting the tree. The work is often accom-
panied with a great deal of parade, the relatives
joining in procession. Music and congratulatory
speeches make a part of the performance. — The.
.Journal of Forestry.

The Eucalyptus in Memphis. — We see by
the Avalanche^ of Memphis, that those who
want other people to plant Eucalyptus forests in-
stead of themselves, are having a warm time in
that part of the world as well as elsewhere. The
discussion has brought out Mr. Stewart, the well-
known nurseryman of that place, who tells his
neighbors that he planted a lot out in 1877.
They grew twelve feet during the season, but
were destroyed by the same white frost that
killed the sweet potatoes. A prominent seeds-
man tells us that the amount of Eucalyptus
seed he sells is astonishing. At fii'st he wrote and
told the inquirers that they might as well plant
forests of cocoa nuts in our country as this, but
it was looked on as a "trade excuse for not
keeping the seed." So he now sells to whoever
orders it, giving only the information about its
Australian character when any one asks the

question.

*•♦.

SCRAPS AND OUERIES.

Forest Corporations. — H. J. S. writes : " I
understand you to advocate the planting of
forests by corporations. I would now ask you
to project, first, a working plan for .such compa-
nies adapted to the capacity of country neigh-
borhoods ; to indicate, second, what legislation,
if an}^, is essential and desirable for such corpo-
rations ; third, what locations and aspects are the
most favorable ; fourth, what habitats are well
adapted to the various species ; and fifth, such
other information as may best promote the com-
mercial success of such companies. First. Cor-
porate enterprises for conducting agricultural
I enterprises are, if not unknown, at least unusual,
j and this because agriculture demands the closest
vigilance and the most painful economy. Cor-
poration sylviculture may have different ele-
! ments, but at least it could be best managed by
I neighbors, whose vicinage, sympathies and in-

276

THE GARDENER'S MOXTIU. Y

ySeptember^

terost would protect the plantations, and whose
labor would be. given at a miiiinunn cost. In
riiilatlelphia the building associations have
learned anil (aui;ht how to aggregate small savings
of money, and demonstrated (he potentiality of
"many nickles" laid by to enrich the mechanic.
The fanner, though he has little money, yet has
many spare hours, which if he could spend them
on the company's forest, might grow into money.
If a wise plan were digested for local forest com-
panies, they would likely become sporadic, and
idlewilds of live, twenty or one hundred or
more acres might come to be devoted to forest
culture of such timber as would be more remu-
nerative. In some places it might be railroad
ties, in others fence timber, in others slow grow-
ing or ornamental woods might prove the only
ones worth the cost of transportation to market.
Economy of administration has been, in build-
mg associations, a vital element of success, and
this would be especially true of forest companies,
where interest and compound interest would en-
ter so largely into the calculation. Each town-
ship, I imagine, might find a field for one or
more such companies, and each Grange or Far-
mer's Club serve as a nucleus for such organiza-
tions. Second. The Pennsylvania Legislature
has passed some laws promotive of building as-
sociations, and perhaps our laws even now aflbrd
all the facilitj' for forest companies that is neces-
sary. Third. Dr. Rothwick indicates the grounds
where charcoal has been burned as especially
favorable, but all our counties, or even towui-
ships afford ample opportunities for selection of
favorable locations."

[The paper referred to by our correspondent,
by the editor of this magazine, on forestry com-
panies, appeared in the Pznn Monthly for 1876.
It is gratifying that our correspondent refers to
it, as from the fact that no allusion whatever is
made to it in the recent collections of forestry
topics presented as a report to the Government,
b}"^ Dr. Hough, it might fairly be interpreted by
those who missed it there as being beneath all
notice.

In that paper it was shown that forestry com-
panies promised as much profit when properly
conducted as any well managed corporation.
The paper is too long to transfer to our pages, or
we w'ould ask permission of the Penn MorJhly
to do so ; but presuming that all who are particu-
larly interested in the subject have seen or can
see the article there, we will here merely note
our correspondent's numbered questions.

First. The land would have to l)e purchased
in just the same manmr as a body of men would
associate together to buy land to farm, to l)uild
houses, start a cenn'tery, or even lay a railroad
tra<-k. Of course the estimated cost of the plant-
ing and care till returns were made would be
with the land purchase, part of the capital stock,
but the shares would be made to cover these
contingencies, and only installments called for
as required. The chief concern would be for a
live president, for on him the selection of super-
intendent would fall, and on his good manage-
ment much of the success, as it does in all com-
panies, would depend.

Second. It does not appear that an)' legisla-
tion more than the general association laws of the
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, and probably
such other States, alieady furnish is necessary.
Trees are agricultural products, and have thesame
protection, and the same general encouragement
as agricultural products already have. The cul-
ture of trees for timber, needs no more legisla-
tion than the culture of trees by a mirseryman
for sale, and the A. B. C. Company, Limited,
has been found quite equal to the purpose.

Third. Locations and aspects depend entirely
on the nature of the prospective market. If it
were foreseen that there would be a demand for
Cypress shingles, the location might be a Missis-
sippi swamp ; if fire wood for a locomotive away
from coal mines, it might be the Table Mountain
Pine on a Western Kansas desert; if Oak ties,
it would be a rich alluvial tract along a main
line for the White Oak; a rocky ridge for
the Chestnut, and so on through the whole range
of objects and spots.

Fourth. There is not a tract of land in the

Union that would not grow some tree well, and

probably no one tree but has its uses. The exact

answer could only be given by the superinten-

j dent of a forestry compan)^ when the details

were being arranged. There are plentj' of ])laces

where it would be folly to plant the Oak, though

\ the best of timber; plenty of places Avhere Pop-

j lar or Willow would pay better than anything

I else. It Avill depend on whether we have cricket

I bats or punch bowls, or railroad ties or bridge

' piles as likely to be most called for.

Small local companies would not effect much.

The owners of a large timber plantation should

I be men who can see just where there certainly

1 wdll be a demand for timber in the future, and

where the land on which the timber stands will

increase in value while the timber grows. There

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

277

are now in the country, millions of acres of tim-
ber not worth five dollars an acre, because it is
inaccessible to railroad lines, to water naviga-
tion, or to where timber is wanted, and it will
be 60 for a hundred years to come. There are
Oak and Chestnut forest not twenty miles from
Philadelphia now, which one could hardly get
cut down by a gift of the timber, because it can-
not be hauled as cheaply as a railroad or a river
will bring it a hundred miles away. The aver-
age collection of farmers would not have a
breadth of view sufficient to look into a princi-
ple like this. The same broad-viewed men that
project railroads and similar enterprises are the
only ones who could successfully make a forestry
company pay. There would be little compound
interest to be borne in a properly managed forest-
ry company. If the ground is properly chosen,
the proper market kept in view, and the proper
sui^erintendent selected, the whole running expen-
ses could be met from the products in four years.

The point second has already been answered,
No legislation is needed. The recent Pennsyl-
vania legislation in the interest (?) of building
associations will not promote but obstruct
building associations. Germantown, with per-
haps 30,000 inhabitants, has had building asso-
ciations with an annual deposit line in banks of
some $500,000, and never asked for "legislation,"
nor can any legislation possible " promote " it
better than it has been promoted for half a cen-
tury without it.

In short there is no more reason why a forestry
association should not be as profitable as a rail-
road. The longer a railroad lasts the more peo-
ple settle along its line, and the more valuable
the land along the line grows. A forestry com-
pany Avoukl find the same facts, with this in its
favor, that while the road-bed and rolling-stock
continually depreciates by time, trees increase
in value as they grow.

Natural History and Science.

COMMUNICA TIONS.

A MURDEROUS PLANT-DARLINCTONIA
CALIFORNICA.

BY J. G. LEMMON, TO THE CALIFORNIA ACADEMY

OF SCIENCES.

(Continued from pase 245.)

INFANT FOR3I OF LEAF.

The plumule first developes a thin, flat, fal-
cate, green leaf, about half an inch long. Soon
it becomes reddened, tubular and vein)'^, while a
relatively large opening appears at about two-
thirds of its length, beyond which extends, curv-
ing inward, the slender, dorsally flattened crim-
son, naked midrib, representing the true leaf, of
which the tube below is the petiole. Along the
inner face of the petiole, a broad wing extends
from the lower edge of the inclined orifice, down
straight to the collar of the root, where it
divides and clasps the stock. This primary leaf
is constructed similarly to those of the related
Sarracenia except that in tlie latter genus the
true leaf or lamina is short, broad, and is bilobed,
or many lobed, and forming a border neai'ly
around the mouth of the pitcher-like petiole.
During the first season four of these simple Sarra-
cenia-like leaves appear of equal size generally.

apparently in a whorl, but inspection reveals
their alternate arrangement. All face inward,
or rather upward, as the leaves first push out
horizontally, then ascend upward. The uncover-
ed opening is favorably presented for the
reception of moisture, insects, or any objects
obeying the law of gravitation. Also, the mouth
parts and interior of the tube are armed with
strong hairs, pointing inward, while inspection
of the contents reveal minute insects (generally
of the Ichneiimonidce and Tinncsn families) en-
trapped, drowned in water and being digested
by these tiny rogues, thus early playing their
little game.

THE TRUE DARLINGTONIA LEAF.

During the second year the creeping, rhizo-
matic character of the plant is manifested ; also,
it increases rapidly in size. The whorl of leaves
now produced, from one-half an inch to several
inches beyond the first whorl, are long and large,
two to three inches long by half an inch wide,
the whole striated with longitudinal veins, and
colored with yellow and crimson. Often, too,
the other kind of leaves make their appearance,
forming one or more of the first members of the
whorl. So very different are they at the very
beginning that it seems impossible that both

278

TJfE GARDENER'S MUX 77/ /.Y

\^Siptt'i/i/>i'r,

forms should be found on (he same plant. Thej'
may bo larger or sniallci- llian tlic infantile
f(»rni (often but half an inrii lonu;,) I'Ut still they
will 1)0 perfeot types of the true Dnrlingfonia
leaf— the twisted petiole, the swoUinj,', li.u;ht-
adniitting hood, the small, round aperture faeing
downward, the enormous, depending, curling,
llaming, and, in the season, honey-smeared, two-
parted lamina or true leaf.

The foiu'th year's leaves and all subsequent
are all of the vaulted, big-mustached form — the
l)lant is of age, is mature; but occasionally on
ollsets and runners from weak plants at any age,
the infant form of leaf is found, but no graded,
transitional stages have yet been detected,
though much research has been applied in this
particular direction, as bearing upon the popular
theory of evolution. The linear, strict petiole,
with upturned mouth and long, naked, midrib,
always accompanies the infant form, while the
adult leaf is never deficient in the least charac-
teristic feature of its wondrous organism.

I should have noted before, the manner of
vei-nation or budding. In the bud, the petioles
of both kinds of leaves first take form and ex-
tension. The midrib of the infant is but a
minute, subulate spur; the future mustache of
the adult form is a pair of involuted, close-rolled
awl-shaped horns, not unlike those waxen pilose
appendages which the incipient dandy sometimes
displays beneath his nose.

THE SACCHARINE SECRETIOX.

Not at all times of the season is a prominent
characteristic observable. For several years I
did not detect one of the most distinctive fea-
tures of this insect trap, the saccharine secretion.
This phenomenon was not certainly known for
several years after the discovery of the plant.
On the 4th of July, '75, in company with Mrs.
Austin and family, I went to celebrate the na-
tion's holiday beside our peculiarly Californian
curiosity, located in a large, oval bog in the
center of a grove of alders. Much to our sur-
prise, the tall, crowded cobra heads, uprearcd
among snowy Parnassias, azure Erigerons, yel-
low Nartheciums and purple asters appeared,
dripping with glistening drops of honey. The
catching operation was in full progress.

This saccharine fluid, of the consistence of
honey, is secreted by glands of the hood, both
without and within, standing in beads along the
margins of the expanded cells, the translucent
windows of the balloon-like hood. It is often
so abundant as to unite and flow down, that on j

! the inside into the forward, depressed part of the
I hood, that on the outside smearing the mustaches
completely, in addition to a similar secretion of
(he latter. Xot only was the curling, crimson-
stroakod nuistache smeared throughout, but the
l)order of the wing in its spiral curve half-round
j down to the root was gemmed with a line of
honey globules. These globules in the oldest
leaves were crystallized into sugar-plums, form-
ing a not-to-be resisted decoy to the groundling

below.

(To be Continued.)

CROSS-FERTILIZATION IN SABBATIA
ANCULARIS.

BY LESTER F. WARD, WASIIIXCn'ON, D. C.

This handsome flower, which is quite common
in the vicinity of Washington, and which blooms
about the end of July, presents a device for the
prevention of self-fertilization, which has not,
it is believed, been met with in any other species
of plant, and so far as I am aware, has not yet
been described.

The flower has five stamens with elongated,
introrse anthers, which are abruptly curved out-
ward near the summit, and a shigle style about
the length of the stamens terminated by a forked
stigmatic portion nearl}' as much longer. These
branches of the style which are stigmatic on the
inside are at first closely twisted together in
such a manner as to conceal the stigmatic
surfaces. Later they untwist and present a
simply bifurcate appearance, but this does not
take place until the anthers have shed most of
their pollen , b}- which the advantages of dicho-
gamy are in a measure secured, the pollen of
the later flow'ers being conveyed by insects to
the stigmas of earlier ones. But in addition to
this, the style is in all cases found to be abruptly
bent at the base, so as to form an angle of from
forty-five to ninety degrees with the perpendi-
cular, carrying the stigmas entirely away from
the stamens, and usually locating them between
the lobes of the corolla. And as if this were
not enough, the stamens also are found in a great
majorit}'^ of cases to be bent in the opposite di-
rection, so as to lean more or less conspicuously
away from the center, while in many of the
flowers the filaments lie flat down upon the
floral envelopes, the style at the same time oc-
cupying a horizontal position on the other side.
At a later stage, and after fertilization has been
effected, both the stamens and the style partially
or corapletelj' regain the erect position.

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

279

CROSSING AND HYBRIDIZING.

BY TH. GREGG, HAMILTON, ILL.

The subject of hybridization and other cross-
dng has ever been an interesting one to me ;
hence I read Mr. Miner's article on hybrid
Strawberries in the July issue of the Gardener's
Monthly, and the editorial comments thereon
with much attention. But if Webster's definition
of the term be the true one, then I judge there can
be no such thing as a hybrid Strawberry, a hybrid
Peach, or a hybrid Cherry. He says a hybrid is
a cross between two species, as a mule — which is
.a new species. A cross between two varieties
of the same species is not a hybrid. A cross, no
matter how produced, between two varieties of
Strawberry, or any other fruit, produces not a
hybrid, but a new variety of the same species.
Hence, your conclusion that a cross between
Pragaria vesca and F. Virginiana would be a hy-
brid, can hardly be correct, as it would still be
possessed of all the characteristics of a Straw-
"berry. A cross between a Strawberry and a
Easpberry would be a proper hybrid ; but it
would be neither a Strawberry nor a Easpberry,
but a new species to be called by some other
name. Hence, Mr. Miner may well conclude
that we have no hybrid Strawberi'ies.

But all productions from the seed of fruits, it
may be safe to affirm, are crosses, and therefore
new varieties, ditiering more or less from the pa-
rents. Holy Writ mentions " the fruit tree
yielding fruit aftei- its kind,'''' at the creation.
Doubtless such was the case then, and would be
now under similar circumstances. But the vari-
ations of soil, climate and circumstance, have
produced numberless corresponding changes in
production ; and the means of cross-fertilization
have become so numerous and universal, that
•such result can now scarcely be possible.

Hybridization proper, is a process of but rare
'Occurrence. I believe it is supposed that the
Apricot is a hybrid between the Plum and the
Peach. However that may be, it has a strong
resemblance, both in wood and fruit to each.
'Whether art can ever be brought to aid nature
in this direction, so as to bring about any bene-
ficial results, may be regarded as doubtful. Yet
.in these days of Avonders, such a result is possible.
We know little yet of nature or of nature's
laws.

But I look to the crossing of varieties as the
>ineans by which great results are to be obtained,
.not only in the fruit and floral kingdoms, but in
..the animal and the human as well. It cannot be

denied that the stock-growers have made more
progress in this direction, than we horticulturists
have made.

I close by urging horticulturists of all classes,
and especially the young, to press forward in
this interesting branch of study and experiment.
Rivers, Kirtland, and others, have achieved
great things ; much yet remains to be done. Per-
fection may never be reached. When it is, the
millenium is at hand. But the progress toward
it will be eternal.

[Our correspondent confuses species with
genus. A hybrid between a Strawberry (Fraga-
ria) and a Raspberry (Rubus) would be an inter-
mixture of two genera. There are instances of
two supposed genera intermixing, but such occur-
rences among plants are so rare,that if this were all
that was meant by a "hybrid," the term would
never be used. An intermixture between Fra-
garia vesca andF. Virginiana, two species, would
be a hybrid : an intermixture between Albany
Seedling Strawberry and the Downing Straw-
berry would be a cross; and the progeny from
the Downing or any other kind, diftering from
its parent, without the intervention of any other
pollen but its own, would be a variety. It is
safe to say that the Apricot did not originate
between the Plum and the Peach. Ed. G. M. ]

EDITORIAL NOTES.

Fungus Spawn. — Recently we noted where
the spawn of a fungus had evidently been com-
municated from a lot of leaves from a wood to
a lot of Rhododendrons, destroying large num-
bers of them. The same appears to have
been noted in England in regard to other plants,
as appears from the following from the pen of
the Rev. J. M. Berkeley, in the Gardener's
Chronicle : " The attention of cultivators cannot
be called too often to the danger of supplying
mould to trees in orchard-houses or hothouses.
The white mycelium, which in such cases are
found between the wood and bark, belongs to
one of the higher fungi, and not to those parasites
which affect leaves. Still it is quite true
that these are often propagated by means of the
soil, and for this reason it is recommended to
gather and burn the leaves. Tbis is notoriously
true in the case of several of the fungi which at-
tack cereals, and Leveille has shown that it is
equally true of some of the yellow parasites ;
and so it is very probably true of the parasite

280

THE GARDENER'S MONTH J. Y

\^St-ptt'nil>cr,

affecting; Poach leaves, which is Locythea piniii.
Lev., a species wliicli is noticed in Hardeners'
Chronicle, 18G4, under the name of Uredo
Ca.staiinei, M., hut which does not seem to have
been inserted in any list of British species. It
is probabh- of exotic oriirin, for we have speci-
mens from Port Louis, orathered by the late Mr.
Ayers, and from Italy by Passerini, under the
name of Uromyces prunorum, Fuckel. It was
also sent from Valparaiso hy Bridtj:es, and Mr.
Salwav jiathered it in Madeira. As rej^ards the
supposed funjrus on Pear leaves, sent us by Mr.
Sheppard, it is not a fungus but the work of a
minute Acarus, allied to that which is so destruc-
tive to Black Currants."

SCRAPS AND QUERIES.

Ants on Geranium Roots.— It is not often
that ants are found destructive to living plants,
but we have the following note fi-oni Mr. Lorin
Blodgett :

" This Geranium-eating white ant is a great
pest. I send a stem of another plant I cut up
this morning, also the foot of the Pine stake,
which is also eaten through, in the regular fashion
of the white ants. This is the stake holding the
plant when bought (I do not recollect from whom)
in the pot. I have now lost four plants, this
last not being all eaten out but girdled at the
root and hollowed out on one of the branches
above. I hope to get your description of the
ant or animal, whatever the name or origin."

These were submitted to Rev. Dr. Henry
McCook, of Philadelphia, our highest authority
on these questions, who has kindly responded in
the following letter :

" The specimens from the plants of Mr. Blod-
gett are dead and very much decayed, but from
the most perfect one, I have no hesitation in
determining it to be not a new species, as you '

conjecture, but our common Termes Jfavipes.
This insect abounds everywhere in our vicinity.
Ihave traced them by myriads. Some time last
Winter I made a statement concerning these
insects liefore the Academy, and exhibited tlie
specimens of their work fiom my collection of
insect architecture. They were taken from the
fence of a gentleman in Delaware County. The
surface of the wood was literally riddled by the
termites. They love decayed wood, under which
they nest and on which they feed. They also
live under stones. They have not been of great
damage here as yet. but the possibility of such
an increase of the insects as to make them, as
Mr. Blodgett says, " a pest," is at least worth
thinking about. Mr. Hagen (Howard) has a fine
paper on them in, I think, the American Natu-
ralist, of about a year ago, or more. Dr. Leidy
has recently made some most interesting dis-
coveries of the parasite life within their abdo-
mens— a wonderful revelation. Termes Jiavipes
is not a true ant, but belongs to the Neuroptera.''^

Double Lilium Candidum. — W. N. M.,
Oswego, X. Y., writes : " I trust you will ex-
cuse me for troubling you again, but it seems as
if I was having more than my share of curious
freaks of flowers. I send you by this mail a
double Lilium Candidum which has appeared in
my Candidum bed, containing about three hun-
dred plants. The plant is vigorous, and there are
ten double flowers on the spikes, giving it a de-
cided Tuberose appearance. This flower I send
is a fair sample. It leaves me in good form, and
is white ; I trust it will reach you perfect."

[This is a very interesting freak. It is not
double in the usual sense of double flowers, but
a simple mass of Avhite leaves terminating the
stalk, the leaves scattered closely along about
one inch of stalk. And yet it shows how closely
leaves and flowers are allied in nature when leaves
can be made to look like white petals. — Ed.G.M.1_

Literature, Travels i Personal Notes.

EDITORIAL NOTES.

Annual, Report of Fairmount Park,
Philadelphia.— There have been "reports" of
Fairmount Park before, but we believe none have
been issued for some time, at any rate none since
the Park began to assume the hopeful prospect
of a creditable reputation it has presented of late

years. This immense tract of over 2000 acres-
is beautiful by nature, and for a long time there
was a prevalent impression that it needed no
art to make it a garden. It was thus wholly in
the hands of engineers whose whole efforts were
devoted to making roads, to levelling and filling
up, and a vast deal of other work which de-
stroj'ed rather than aided the beauties they were

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST

281

intended to develop. Some of the commissioners
were gentlemen of taste and culture, and emi-
nent in many walks of life, but with very few
exceptions were not distinguished for any gar-
dening knowledge, and these few were so sur-
rounded b}' difficulties and opposed by obstruc-
tions that those who knew of these troubles had
little hope of the Park ever coming to anything
of great credit, as a real instructive park for the
people. Those who knew nothing of these diffi-
culties would visit the Park and wonder natu-
rally at the costly absurdities. But very little
help has been given to the better portion of the
commission and of city councils, who, against
all sorts of discouraging difficulties, have held on
courageously in the determination to do what
they could for the best, though they could do but
little they desired. The writer of this happens
to know of the immense services to the citizens
of Philadelphia and those of other places who
visited this beautiful Park made by the late
James H. Castle and by Ex-Mayor McMichael ,
Hon. John Welsh, and Hon. Eli K. Price, the
president of the Select Council, George A. Smith,
and of Common Council, Joseph L. Caven, in-
telligent gentlemen, and also of the Commission
by virtue of their offices, have all done good
service. Xo doubt others of the Commission
have done as faithful service, but the writer is
referring to only what has been a matter of per-
sonal observation.

As we have noted, very few persons have an
idea how tremendous are the obstacles in the
way of superior management in a place like
Fairmount Park. There are about one hundred
and fifty members of councils, a large number
of prominent city officers, and an immense num-
ber of powerful citizens, who know and feel that
they have " rights" in the management besides
those who are nominally responsible, and having
rights they dare maintain them. It is impossi-
ble for those working out the Park problem to
ignore these various powers ; it would be stupid,
nay, absurd to do it. The only thing to be
done is the best they can. Instead of complain-
ing at what has not been done, or badly done,
it is to us a matter of surprise that so much is so
well done, and the present condition of the Park
must be very gratifying to those who have
" lived and hoped " so long.

"Without exjiressing any opinion on the earlier
management, it is evident that the appointment
of Mr, Russell Thayer to the position of chief
superintendent was a good starting point. "With

excellent practical judgment and good sense,,
his ambition is to excel in his own special de-
partment. Another excellent stroke of policy
was the appointment of Mr. Charles H. Miller-
as consulting landscape gardener. Few persons
in the horticultural community unite practical
knowledge of details with a cultivated taste in
art better than he. Then the inauguration of
the Park lectures on botany and arboriculture
by the trustees of the Michaux Fund, by Pro-
fessor J. T. Rothrock, of the Pennsylvania Uni-
versity, was another capital move in the right
direction, and as all these gentlemen seem to have
the happy faculty of pleasing their many hun-
dreds of " masters," and of working harmoni-
ously among themselves, there is a hope that in
Fairmount Park'we may not only have a garden
of which the humblest and the wealthiest in
Philadelphia may be proud, but one which in
the long run may have some such national repu-
tation as Kew has acquired for England. Of
course one city can hardly be expected to do what
a powerful nation has done, but if there is a rea-
sonable surety that something near what donors,
might wish would lie carried out, private mer-
chant princes might do what hereditary ones;
have done.

Turning to this report one cannot but feel that
in spite of all the natural difficulties of the situ-
ation, things are working tolerably well, and we
have more encouragement than ever before that
Fairmount Park will be something more than an
expensive toy.

Typographicai, Errors. — A critical cotem-
porary, which goes on the bank rule of "no
errors corrected at this counter," but loves to
amuse itself with the errors of others, tells its
readers that one lately deceased was "widely
known, and much repented." It is clear we can-
not all be perfect, indeed it is doubtful whether
the saving grace is very widely distributed..
Noah's ark did not hold many, and evidently
our friend was not one of the party.

Large Asparagus — Mr. Robinson will no>
doubt be surprised to learn that somebody"
stretched out his prize Asparagus, page 239,
August number, from three to fifteen inches.
"We can beat Asparagus when it is but three
inches round, but fifteen is scarcely to be found
anywhere out of a printing office.

A " Day " in California. — "We have before
us an account of a California invention, a trans-
planter " patent rights in every State for sale..""
The inventor says :.

282

THE CARDESER'S MO.XTJILY

\^Scptcmber,

"Some three years ajio I eomineneed to set
out some l2(K)aere.sof EuealyiUus trees. I raised
the phints aiul put them in boxes :2(In'24, scttiui:
them two iuehes apart — the usual plan. To act
them tint in the liekl, and not irrigate, and do
the worli rapidly, was the question. Tlie result
was tills transplanter. AVith it, one man will
take the hoxes of plants and set out 600 to 1,000
trees per day, nine feet apart. I set out over
lUO.OUO plants, and not one plant in lno will die
from transplanting." i

The way it is done is thus described : "The |
transplanter is tirst used to cut a hole in the
ground or in a box of dirt, where you want to
set the plant. Xext the transplanter is set down
over the plant so that the top of the plant runs up
inside of the inside cylinder. The outer cylinder
then pressed down into the ground, giving it a
slight rotary motion, until you have cut to the
depth desired, generally two or four inches. In
pressing down on the handles, care must be
taken to keep the hands oft' from the inside cyl-
inder, which must be left loose so as to move
freely. The rotary motion gives a sharp draw- ,
ing cut. After cutting down around the plant to
the depth desired, lift the transplanter out of the
ground. It will bring up the plant with a solid
plug of earth inside the cylinder. Xow put the
transplanter containing the plant into the hole
in the ground ( or box ) tirst cut. Set it
down to the bottom of the hole so that the
bottom of the plug of earth rests on the bot-
tom of the hole; place the two thumbs
on top of the inside cylinder, retaining the
hold on the handles with the fingers, and
close the hand, thus drawing up the outside cyl-
inder while the inside cylinder thus holds the
plug of dirt in the hole. The plug of dirt is
thus forced out of the transplanter as the wad is
forced out of a pop-gun. AVhen this is done, the
plant with a solid plug of earth will be left in a
hole surrounded b}' unmoved dirt. Pour a trifle
of water around the plant, which runs loose
earth into the little crevices around the plug,
and the work is completed. After a few experi-
ments the work can be performed with great
rapidity."

Plants two inches apart, and boxes twent}' b}'
twenty-four gives us one hundred plants to the
box, ten boxes to a day's work. These plants
are set out nine feet apart on a piece of ground,
-say near two miles long. The boxes must be
set down to begin with, one about every one
thousand feet apart to be ready for the " trans-

jilanter." Going to set the boxes would, in this
part of the world, use up a good hour, eveu
with the help of a horse and wagon, and
some little time to put the wagon away.
Then when we begin to use the box, and
set the i)lant nine feet ofi", and the next
one eighteen feet and the next twenty-seven, we
have to run back and forth to the box a consider-
able number of times, or else pick up that box
every time and chuck it nine feet, besides haul-
ing our " transplanter" along. At any rate, it
is safe to say that the time spent in connecting
the box of phints with each hole is equivalent
to lifting the box, carrying it nine feet and put-
ting it down again. AVe will give half a minute
for this, though it is doubtful whether this could
be continuously done at this rate, but if it could
it takes nine hours for the one thousand trees.
Then for making the hole, ejecting the dirt,
boring for the plant in the box, replacing it in
the hole, treading it in, to say nothing of "pour-
ing a trifle of water about it," will at least occupy
a minute to each plant, and we have seventeen
hours more. These figures, and they will be
conceded to be very undei'-rate for the work done,
will give us some idea of the great length of a
day in California. They have the great Pears,
the mammoth trees, and there is no reason why
not the huge day for the huge Eucalyptus.

For Farmers. — The daily papers have the
following: "Ex-Governor R. A\^ Furnas, of Ne-
braska, has had to sell both his farm and his
city residence. Tor sixteen long, long years,' he
says, ' have I struggled to make these two homes.
It was my ambition to have the largest and best
orchard and nursery in the State, and I had just
accomplished my aim ; had just begun to reap
the reward of my incessant labors, and now it is
my misfortune to have it torn from me. I tell
you candidly, next to the death of my children,
this is the saddest affliction of my life.' "

We print this because we know the whole hor-
ticultural fraternity will sympathise with Gov.
Furnas. There are few men who have pursued
horticulture moi'e intelligently, or whose per-
sonal character and reputation are more es-
teemed.

Prof. C. V. Riley. — Those of us who know
the great value of Prof. Riley's services to know-
ledge, are pleased to read the following compli-
ment to him from the London Gardener''s
Chronicle :

" State Entomologists. If we were Americans

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

283

^ve should feel proud of heaving secured such a
man as Professor Kiley as entomologist to the
Government Department of Agriculture. As
Englishmen we congratulate our cousins on their
judgment, and we look forward Avith confidence
to the benefit that will accrue to tillers of the
soil, of whatever countr}^ and to the advance of
science, that will accrue from this excellent ap-
pointment."

It might be well to observe for the informa-
tion of our European friends, that Mr. Riley
has all along been a State Entomologist, and
that his position is now that of the National Ento-
mologist, which is thirty-eight times higher than
a, State position.

T. B. MiNEK. — In a recent number we pub-
lished a paper from the pen of this distinguished
writer for the agricultural and horticultural press.
"We have had no notice of his death from his
ii-iends, all the knowledge of which we find in
the enclosed newspaper paragraph :

" Mr. T. B. Miner, for many years publisher
of The Rural American, with varying success at
Clinton, Oneida Co.,N. Y., and of late an oc-
casional contributor for agricultural journals,
died at his residence at Linden, N. J., .June 5th,
in the 70th )'ear of his age. Mr. Miner was
the author of works on bees and poultry, which
enjoyed considerable popularity in their da3^"

Bible Plaxts, their History. — Under this
title we note, by advertisements in English pub-
lications, Mr. .John Smith, the ex-curator of Kew
gardens, has issued a little book, which is highly
commended by the London newspaper press.
"There are few men better able to prepare a work
of this kind, as familiarity with living plants in
the Royal Gardens has given him an excellent
opportunity to compare what have been thought
to represent these ancient plants, with what has
been reported about them.

Vegetatiox Round Coxstaxtixople. — A
long drive through the suburbs of Pera, and over
the bare undulating downs separating the Golden
Horn and Bosphorus, brought me, on the after-
noon of my arrival, to the sweet waters of
JEurope, a pleasant valley at the head of the
Xjt olden Horn, with long reaches of quiet waters
and pi-etty groves of trees, interspersed with a
few handsome buildings, including one of the
Sultan's numerous palaces, and environed by
steep bare hills on all sides. Leucojum a;stivum
formed large tufts in the bottom of the valley, j
and the hill slopes wei'e covered with Poterium
spinosum, one or two species of Erica, and seve- ^

ral Ornithogalums, and other bulbous plants.
On the evening of the following day I availed
myself of an invitation from my friend Mr. Millen-
gen, of the Imperial Ottoman Bank, to visit Buy-
ukdere, on the Bosphorus. The Judas tree, Cercis
Siliquastrum,was infull Spring glory, its brilliant
rosy-crimson flowers contrasting with the dull
masses of Cypresses rising out of the almost
continuous bordering of white marble palaces,
barracks, and villages which line the Bosphorus
on both shores. The hills between Buyukdere
and the Black Sea, attaining a height of 500
or 600 feet, are, for the most part, covered with
scrub of Erica arborea, Cisti,Arbutus Andrachne
and several small evergreen and deciduous Oaks,
with occasional patches of trees, including the
Velonia Oak, Chestnut, Beech, Horse Chestnut,
Plane, Poplars, Elm and Stone Pine ; but there
is no extent of wood till the Belgrad Eorest is
reached, a few miles inland on the European
side. Crocus pulchellus is most abundant among
the underwood, varying occasionally with white
flowers ; and Mr. Millengen informs me that a
variety with double flowers is sometimes met
with. The shady dingles running down to the
Bosphorus abound with herbaceous and bulbous
plants, including Lilium martagon, which here
occurs within 100 feet of the sea level. Fritil-
laria pontica, several Ornithogalums, a Gera-
nium, Epimedium pubigerum, Helleborus oi'ien-
talis, Hypericum calycinum, Colchicum byzant-
ninum, and several species of Muscari and Bel-
levalias also occur about Buyukdere.

On the slopes and summit ofChamlijahl found
a second annulate Crocus out of flower, with
narrow^Jeaves, probably C. biflorus. This was
accompanied by Colchicum variegatum and a
very small Iris, with the habit of Iris pumila,
but with much narrower leaves; also many
leguminous plants, one or two Ericas, Poterium
spinosum, Muscari, Ornithogalums, and other
bulbous plants. The public garden of Pera is
of very limited extent and poor in arrangement
and detail, but the standard Roses were excep-
tionally fine. Small Plane trees planted in
winding avenues are extensively used, and
yellow Banksian Rose intermixed with Wistaria
had a remarkably good effect. Ligustrum
•Japonicum is planted in masses bordered with
Yuccas. The Loquat, Wellingtonia gigantea,
and Cedrus Deodara also thrive, but the attempt
at flower gardening everywhere is poor in the
extreme.— G. Maw, in '■'■Transactions of the Bo-
tanical Society of Edinburgh.''^

284

THE GARDENER'S MOXTJILY

Sjscptcmbcr,

Honru iLTrKK in Maryi.ani>.— The Amtri-
cnn Farmer M' nalliinoio.lms rcci-iilly <;ivi'ii an ex-
colli'iit ati'oiint ol tlu' pruirress of Ilortic-ultiirc in
Marvlaiul, from tlio pt'ii of our ('stcrincd rorrcs-
pondc'iit Captain Snow. So nuicli of what he
rt'ftTs to is of national as wtll as Unal fame,
\vt' have been permitted to transfer the paper to
onr maLrazine :

"That thi' popular taste and deiiiaiid for (lowers
and llowerintr plants has kept pace with tliis
progress, at least in and near Baltimore, seems
demonstrated by the urowth in numbers and
extent of the commereial establishments, which
supjily our own people, as well as ship largely j
to distant points.

Xo less significant is the disposition, now so
common among private citizens, not only to j
enlarge their plant-houses, but to give them fea-
tures of architectural etfect, for the better display
of the rich treasures which they accumulate
from the vegetable world. The erection of such
imposing and costly structures as the conserva-
tories recently built by Mr. W. W. Spence and
Mr. W. H. Perot; the maintenance of extensive
ranges like those at Clifton; the constant additi-
ons to the area of glass-houses of Messrs. Rasin
and Shoemaker, and others, and the increasincf
number of less pretentious but no less interest-
ing conservatories and green-houses, both in
town and country, all testify that the love of
plants and flowers, and of their culture, is extend-
ing on every hand.

Our purpose here is, however, to speak of the
great and rapid extension in this community of
the business of selling plants and flowers; and
to illustrate it by some facts which we have
gained from various sources.

After the war of 1812-15, the first person in
the city of Baltimore to oflier for sale flowers
and garden plants, was a German, by name
Heuisler, who was located on the Philadelphic'i
road, near the then city limits. Nearly cotenv-
poraneous with him was Mr. Booth,who possess-
ed, probably, the first nursery, occupying the
ground now bounded by Baltimore and Pratt
streets, and facing on Schroeder.whence were sold
trees, plants and flowers. Mr. Booth died in
1817. About this date, or shortly afterwards,
James Wilkes, a Scotchman, and John Bastain,
a Frenchman, had establishments on Lexington
street, each selling from a general collection of
plants.

In 1823, Samuel and John Feast, located on
the Frederick road, cultivating trees, plants and

vegetables, and they were the first to oiler plants
for sale in the )»ul)lic markets of Baltimore.
From this beginning the business has so grown
that in every section of the city and on the roads
leading into it from all directions there are com-
mercial growers enga>:ed in the production of
plants and flowers. The number now in the
trade, within the territory mcjisured by a radius
of seven miles from the City Hall, if we are
correctly informed, reaches very nearl}' one
hundred and iv:enty establishments. We have
a partial list of the names of the parties now com-
posing till' liade, but from the difficulty of
making it (oniijlete, we are unable to publish
it, as we had in contemplation, though we may
do so at some future time. It is not only in the
number of florists that I'altimore has been con-
spicuous, but she has achieved distinction by the
intelligence and zeal in the production of new
and improved varieties of numerous flowers.

The well-known Prairie Roses, — Queen of the
Prairies and Baltimore Belle, — were raised by
Samuel and John Feast, and constituted, at. that
time an entirely new class, perfectly hardy and
vigorous, of fine form and color, and though lack-
ing in fragrance, long without a rival for pillars,
&c. In 184G, the Massachusetts Horticultural
Society awarded to Samuel Feast its gold medal
for the production of these roses, — an honor
rarely bestowed.

Edward Kurtz, an amateur florist who still
lives, with his zest for horticultural pursuits un-
abated, exhibited in 1836 his seedlintr Camellia
Kurtzii, which was followed by numerous others,
some of them of excellent form and substance,
equalling many imported varieties. He also
originated a number of seedling Azaleas, which
probably equal any in cultivation. Some plants
of these varieties, in supurl) bloom were awarded
at the last show of our Horticultural Society,
one of its Certificates of Merit, only threeof which
have been issued.

Zebulon Waters, alsoan amateur, now no more,
but whose love for and knowledge of plants is
well remembered, produced many fine Camellias,
some of the finest of wkich went out with
numbers onh' attached. His Globe Carnation
and Double Scarlet Multiflora are unique.

Samuel Feast also paid much attention to the
Camellia, and his Feastii, Fair Ellen, Jack
Downing, Mary Edmundson, Eliza Schroeder
and others, are well worthy of cultivation.

Two other Camellias of conspicuous merit
were produced in Baltimore — Weaverii, a splen—

1^78.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

285

■did red, by Joseph Weaver, and Mrs. Hammer,
a fine pink, by August Hammer, an amateur.

James Pentland has made most fortunate
essays in the direction botli of Roses and Camel-
'lias; his Bourbon Rose, George Peabody, is
■equal to any of the dark sorts, whilst his Beauty
of Greenmount, Woodland Margaret and Dr.
Kane take rank among the best of N'oisettes ;
and his Camellias General Lee, Stonewall
Jackson and Anna, rise high on the standard of
merit. In both classes Mr. P. has under test
other new productions now likely soon to see the
light, one of his new Roses having been lately
•displayed at our shows.

The Tea Rose Cornelia Cook, so great a
fashionable favorite at present in i!^ew York and
Boston, originated many years ago with Anthony
Cook, a well-known florist of this city, still active
in his trade.

Wm. Fowler, gardener to the late Johns Hop-
kins, has produced some lovely Abutilons, which
are finding their way into tlie hands of the trade.

John Feast has long been engaged in the
origination of new plants. Among many others
may be noted the Epiphyllum Feastii, a Cactus
of surprising size and beauty. Aloe Feastii;
Camellias Mrs. Lurman, a noble variety; Annie
Feast, Mrs. Tabb, and many others; Carnation
Mrs. Van Cott, &c.

Charles Campbell, formerly gardener to Dr.
Thomas Edmundson and now to Mr. Winans,
has produced some Fuchsias and Azaleas of
exqusite beauty, many of which have gone into
general cultivation.

Agustus Hack, an amateur, now deceased, left
behind him a collection of Camellias numbering
489 sorts, many of which he originated himself,
some of them equal to any m cultivation, as May
Flower, Pearl, Lizzie Jones, Eliza.

In the classes of plants more readily hybridiz-
ed there have been of course many new sorts in-
troduced from Baltimore, some of which have
gone into the trade, others disappearing.

(To be contiuued.)

Horticultural Societies.

EDITORIAL NOTES.

Centennial Exhibition of 1876, (Concluded
■from page 256) — In small fruits our century of pro-
gress was not as well illustrated as it might have
been if the plan of the Commission in relation
to the system of judging, and of the awards, had
been well understood. On the one hand there
'were many who supposed there would be competi-
tion as usual in country fairs, in which a few
large growers crowd out the smaller ones ; and,
on the other hand were those who knew the old
system would be abandoned, but had not come
to understand that the new system did justice
where the other did not, and that there was
really more honor and profit — greater reward
every way — than the old system was capable of.
It was not until the good points of the new
system were fully understood that fruits came in
abundantly ; and in the mean time the day of
small fruits had passed away. Thanks, however,
to the Fruit-Growers' Society of Ontario, this de-
partment was never wholly wanting in interest.
Jn Gooseberries and Currants especially their
texhibits excelled, and gave to tlie Centennial

visitors new ideas as to the possibilities of excel-
lence in these fruits and their culture. Even
granting much that might have been, had ex-
hibitors from other sections acted with the same
liberal spirit as was evinced by the Canadians,
enough was seen at the Exhibition to prove
that for the culture of these two fruits Canada
has advantages superior to any other part of the
American continent. The English varieties
of Gooseberries, so difticult to raise in the
United States through their susceptibility to
mildew, were here in great perfection. The
American Goosebei'ry has not advanced as
much during the century as perhaps it might had
systematic eflbrts been made in that direction.
Still, there has been marked progress. At the
beginning of our era we had no improvement in
the native Rihts rotundifolia^ or American
Gooseberry. The first came from Massachusetts
in the shape of Houghton's Seedling. Mr. Down-
ing subsequently produced the variet)' bearing
his name. Some half dozen in all have been in-
troduced, of which a complete set was exhibited
by Kuhn & Co., of Hoboken, New Jersey. The
advance is meritorious, but none of the improved
kinds approach in good flavor or size the average

286

THE GARDENER'S MONTHL V

[^September,

Entrlish sorts. A marked feature of Gooseberry
and Currant proirross is the uraftinij of these
fruits on the stronLrt'r varii'tios of Anu'rican Cur-
rants (Kibes palmnfum, liibes ai/reum,Qtc.,) b_v
Charles Pohl, of Austria, with indications of its
complete success. Much advantage is expected
ill the culture of these fruits by the introduction
of this very orijrinal idea. That much more
might be done in the way of the improvement
of these fruits is evidenced b}' the exhibit of a
hybrid of another American Gooseberry (Bibes
Cynobasii) with an English variety, by Mr. Wil-
liam Saunders, of London, Ontario.

Strawberries being among the first fruits of
the season, were not, for the reason given, ex-
hibited in great force. Two very large collec-
tions were made by two of the judges, but, in
view of the delicate nature of their duties, no
mention of them or their exhi1)itors is made in
any way in our special reports or awards. But
they served an admirable purpose, in the absence
of other large collections, in showing the ad-
vance in Strawberry-culture during the past cen-
tury. A large number of kinds came from Mr.
John Saul, of the District of Columbia, and the
remainder was made up of small lots, at different
times, from various growers in the States of Xew
York. Xew Jersey, Delaware, and Pennsylvania,
particularly from the vicinity of Philadelphia. In
fewer departments of pomology has there been
greater progress. We commenced with some
improved English seedlings of the horticul-
turist Thomas Andrew Knight, notably the
Downton and Knight's Scarlet, with a little
later, Keen's* Seedling and Wilmot's Superb.
The first American effort of consequence was per-
haps that which resulted in the Hudson, a variety
introduced about 1820. Ma.ssachusetts followed,
about 1823, with Hovey's Seedling and Brighton
Pine; and then Ohio, with Longworth and
others leading in the van of progress. W. R.
Prince, of Flushing, New York, also contributed
largely' to Strawberry -impi'ovement. To Nicho-
las Longworth, of Cincinnati, much is due for
the present popular status of Strawberry-culture.

The Strawbeny in Europe has, mostly, her-
maphrodite flowers. The American climate
tends to divide the sexes, and it was especially
the work of Mr. Longworth to make this fact
known ; and varieties comparatively unproduc-
tive before were made, by a more perfect sys-
tem of fertilization, to yield profusely. The
result was that the Strawberry became every-
body's fruit. But the greatest advance in straw-

berry-culture came with the introduction of a
hermaphrodite kind, etjual in bearing <|u:ili-
ties to the old unisexual varieties under the im-
proved culture, and seemingly adapted to all
climates and soils of the continent. — Wilson's
Albany Seedling, from Albany, New York^
about twenty years ago, — and from this, together
with the excellent care in culture given by Jere-
miah Knox, ofPittsl)urgh, Pennsylvania, modern
American Strawberry culture may fairly date
its bh'th. None of the kinds that were popular
at the advent of the Albany made their appear-
ance on our Exhibition tables ; and the magnifi-
cent exhibit of them made by Mr. J. H. Withing-
ton, of South Amboy, N. J., shows how well it
is holding its own. Boyden's No. 30, Charles
Downing, Jucunda, and Triomphe de Gaud,
newer varieties, as exhibited before us, contest
the ground hotly, and American improvers are
diligently at work. Smith, of New York, Du-
rand, of New Jersey, and ^liller, of Carlisle,
Pennsylvania, exhibited seedlings of much
promise.

In the Blackberry we have gained immensely.
Few who saw the magnificent berries of Mr.
John S. Collins, of Moorestown, New Jersey,
on our tables, and who read in every nursery-
man's catalogue of Blackberry plants being
sold by the thousands, know that thirty years
ago the Blackbeny \ was nowhere among the
lists of cultivated fruits, and even to-day the
Blackberry of Europe is in use only by the poor-
est classes. The first great advance was made
by nature, and found in a wild place by Mr.
Secor, of New Rochelle, New York. Its popu-
larity is, however, due to the gentleman whose
name it bears, — Mr. Lawton, of New York.
Subsequently Massachusetts gave us the Dor-
chester, and New Jersey the Kittatinny and
Wilson's Early, which still continue our stand'-
ard kinds. No successful effort at artificial im-
provement appears. All kinds in cultivation
are simply the result of discovery by sharp eyes
among fields or fence-corners.

The Raspberry has made great progress. We
began with the European Red and Yellow Ant-
werps, and an American variet}'^, the Purple
Cane. Up to thirty years ago we had nothing
worth speaking of except these kinds. Dr.
Brinkle, of Philadelphia, commenced the im-
provement of the Antwerp class, raising numer-
ous admirable varieties, and these were fortified
by introductions from Europe ; but, with the ex-
ception of the Hornet, and Mervaille des Quatre

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

287

Saisons, and a recent American variety of the
same class, the Herstine, none of these made
their appearance among our exhibits, and have
mostly disappeared from cultivation. The pres-
ent popularity of the Raspberry dates from 1863,
when the Philadelphia was brought prominently
to notice by Parry, of Xew Jersey ; and what-
ever kinds have become popular since then have
been chiefly of the same race from which the
Philadelphia sprung. Many seedlings came be-
fore us during our examinations on the tables of
the Exhibition, some of which may in some re-
spects excel this •, but all are of this native class.
The Rubus occidentalism or " Thimbleberry," a
native Raspberry, has been improved during this
era by selections from wild places. One before
us, the Gregg, from Indiana, was far superior to
the ordinary wild forms. Xeither of these two
classes of native Raspberries, even in their best
improvements, equal in size or flavor the best
varieties of the European race.

In Cranberries there has been a marked im-
provement in size, solidity, and flavor, and
chiefly by the efforts of Connecticut growers,
they have been made profitable crops in com-
paratively dry land. Upland Cranberries, of a
quality superior to many grown in swamps,
were exhibited by Mr. Trowbridge of Milford,
Connecticut. The Cranberry has become a crop
of immense importance, and the exhibitors,
chiefly from Xew Jersey, represented many
thousands of acres.

Of Cherries, a large number of the kinds po-
pular at the Revolution have disappeared. The
Carnation, Late Duke, Oxheart, Yellow Span-
ish, and May Duke are still planted ; but, in the
main, other and better kinds have taken their
place. The Black Tartarian, a European
variety, came in soon after the beginning of
our era, and the Early Richmond an American
variety, found in Virginia has been in general
culture about three-quarters of a century, and
these two are about the only ones of the older
sorts that are now grown. Many of the im-
proved* varieties have been imported from Eu-
rope, but much of what we have gained is due
to Professor J. P. Kirtland, of Cleveland, Ohio,
who made their improvement a matter of special
attention. With the exception of magnificent
fruit from Oregon, and afew kinds from the vici-
nity of Philadelphia, there was little in Cherry-
culture developed by the Exhibition. In the
Plum, however, the Exhibition was a great sur-
prise. No such fine collections as were made

here were probably ever exhibited before in the
world, and this too, in the face of a generally
prevailing impression that Plum-culture on the
American continent had nearly died out. The
enemies of this fruit are numerous now. The
borer weakens the trunk; the black knot de-
stroys the branches: and when these foes to the
Plum-culturist are absent, the curculio deposits
its eggs in the fruit, which then generally rots be-
fore maturity. It does not seem clear that any
of these troubles existed at the commencement
of our era ; but we may believe that they were
not serious impediments to general success.
They at length became so powerful that Plum-
culture was generally abandoned. A few per-
served, of whom notably were Dr. Hull, in
Southern Illinois, and EUwanger «fe Bariy, of
Rochester, New York. A knowledge of the in-
sects and of the disease has been obtained by
gardeners sufficient in a measure to control
these evils, and now Plum-culture is meeting
with considerable success. The displays of
Messrs. EUwanger & Barry on several occasions
during August and September afforded great
pleasure to visitors. To these succeeded exhibits
from various parts of the Dominion of Canada.
These were continuous through the whole sea-
son. Numerous fine samples were received
from Oregon, chiefly of the varieties of prune,
foreshadowing a useful and extensive industry in
that far-oflT region. It is chiefly in successful
culture that progress has been made. Many
valuable varieties have, however, been added to
the list of good Plums during the century.

In Peaches our progress has been wonderful.
The list of those in cultivation at the time of
the Revolution was very small. A few of these
may be found in an orchard occasionally, but
the Old Mixon is perhaps the only one that may
be considered popular to this time. So many
good ones abound that it is often difficult to get
good growers to agree on a selection. Progress
has been especially marked in the production of
superior early varieties, and we find our markets
1 supplied with them from June till October, and
; even earlier in the South. Some fine Early
Beatrice were exhibited from Alabama together
with early Strawberries grown in the vicinity of
Philadelphia.

In regard to vegetables, the most noteworthy
advance has been in their extension to field-cul-
ture. In the olden time vegetable-raising was
more especially the gardener's work, and the
spade the great implement in the work. Now

uss

THE GARDENER'S MONTHL Y.

\Stptemher.

the plow is brought to nile over the market- 1
<;arik'n, until ajjricuUurc almost considers the
iirt lier own. The potato — tlio yreat i)oti'ntatc'
•of the vegetable world — has Ijccn seriously at-
taeked by insects and diseases, botli of wliich
tlireatenened almost annihilation, lint the art
■of the gardener has been equal to the contest,
and to-day the potato is as cheap and as abund-
ant in our markets as it was at the beginning of
our Centennial era. The varieties, however,
seem soon to give way to others. Of the many
hundreds of varieties seen on the Exhibition
tables not one was over ten years old. This
fact seems to keep improvers on the alert. Bliss,
Ilexamer, and others exhibited seedlings in al-
most endless varieties, so as to be able to select
fully-proved kinds as the older and more pop-
ular ones degenerate. From Bermuda, how-
ever, were exliibited remarkably fine potatoes,
of the same character as have appeared in our
markets from there for many years past, show-
ing how favorable is that part of the world to
steady potato-culture.

The collections of vegetables were not diver-
sified locall}^ to a sutHcieut extent to draw many
■inferences suitable to a general report. From
Manitoba, Canada, there was a display of all the
'Common Autumn vegetables that surprised
everybody by their size and tenderness ; the
States of Iowa and Connecticut made good dis-
plays; a small collection came from Ohio; and
the balance was made up by A. L. Felton, of
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Landreth & Sons,
of Bloomsdale, Penns3'lvania, and B. K. Bliss
& Son, of New York. On account of their per-
ishable character, it was hardly to be expected
that the articles exhibited in this department
should partake of a very extended international
character ; but on several occasions the British
Commission exhibited the peculiar fruits of
Jamaica as they came in at their respective
seasons. The fruits of other distant countries
were exhibited in spirits, instructive as making
the world acquainted with the indigenous pro-
ducts of these distant regions, but indicating no
likelihood of becoming known as fresh fruits in
the great markets of the world.

Transactions of the Mass. HoRxicuLTr-
RAL Society, for 1878, Part I., from R. Man-
ning, Secretary. This old Societ}'^ shows increas-
ing activity and usefulness with age. The trans-
actions alone are worth the price of membership,
to say nothing of the social attractions and the
nterest of its continuous exhibitions throughout

the year. The present has the valedictory of
President Parknian. im tin' iiitn)diiitl(tn ot llie,
newly selected President William (jray, .Junior.
Mr. Parkman gave some excellent suggestions
on '* running in ruts," and especiiilly on tiie
source of absurdities of tlie " premium " system.

MASSAnirsKTTS HORTICULTl'KAL SOCIETY.

— Orchid Culture. Al a meeting of this society,
held .luly 2<Uli, numerous sjieeimens of (Jrcliids
exhibited showed tiiat these pretty tlowers are
jKjpular. S[)ikes of Dendrobium filiforme an(l
Cattleya Dowiana, exhibited by F. L. Ames, re-
ceived the first premium. A gratuity was
awarded to .James Cartwright for spikes of Catt-
leya Loddigesii, and to James Comly for Cym-
bidium aloefolium. P"'or his Cattleya Dowiana,
F. L. Ames was awarded a silver medal.

Yucca jilameniosa. — It is strange that such a
beautiful plant is not used more extensively ; it
tlowers abundantly in hot weather, and its
dark-green leaves and tropical appearance always
render it attractive ; its being an evergreen adds
greatly to its value as an ornamental plant.
For a display of this plant, J. W. Manning
received a gratuity.

Window Gardening. — An interesting feature
in the report of this meeting was the prizes
oflered for tlowers grown in window gardens ; a
collection comprising Petunias, Lobelias and
scarlet Pelargoniums, grown in this manner,
was exhibited by Sophia Rouse and Edward Re-
valeon, for which they were awarded a gratuity.

Acer colchicum rubrum. — John R. Brewer ex-
hibited some specimens of this handsome tree.
As this Maple's principle attraction is in the scar-
let leaves produced by the young Summer
growth, to have it looking its best it shou d be
kept cut as a shrub, for the more Summer wood
produced the more brilliant the appearance.
The correct name of this Maple is Acer Itetum,
and not Acer colchicum.

Stokesia cyana. — Among the herbaceous plants
exhibited Avas Stokesia cyana. This is one of
tlie most striking tlowers among the composita^,
it has large blue tlowers, is a free bloomer and
comes in llower early in the Autumn, indeed
early in July, and remains flowering a long lime.
This plant should be in all herbaceous collections.

Faspberry, Pride of ihe Hudson. — E. P. Roe ex-
hibited two quarts of this vai"iety, and secured
the first premium ; Warren Fenno, for Ilers-
tine, second; and third premium to W. K. Wood
for Clarks.

Currants. — The Versailles carried off all the
prizes offered for exhibits of that fruit.

Gooseberries. — The Downing took first and
second premiums, the Royal George the third.

Sweet Corn. — By exhibiting the Minnesota
variety, S. G. Stone received first premium ; S.
Ilartwell, for Narragansett, the second, and the
third was awarded to S. G. Stone for Crosby.

The Marketing of Pears, Bottom Heat,
Garden Irrigation, Culture of Roses,
Fertilizers, Small Fruits — among others,
show how varied are the subjects of the discus-
sions reported in full in these pages.

THE

GARDENER'S MONTHLY

AND

HORTICULTURIST.

DEVOTED TO HORTICULTURE. ARBORICULTURE AND RURAL AFFAIRS.

Edited by THOMAS MEEHAN.

Vol. XX.

OCTOBER, 1878.

Nninher 238.

Flower Garden and Pleasure Ground.

SEASONABLE HINTS.

It is a matter of surprise that the Lily is not
more appreciated by our flower gardeners. By
a judlcioas selection they may be had in bloom
all the summer season. Last year we saw a se-
lection of this sort. The first to flower was Lil-
ium Canadense, one of our native kinds. This
vTas open and made a grand display by the end
of June. After a couple of weeks they were on
the decline, and the white L. candidum follow-
ed, then followed L. bulbiferum, next L. super-
bum, next L. auratum, bringing up with L.
laucifolium about the middle of August. By
this simple list the beautiful Lily was continu-
ously in bloom for three months. It is proper
to note tliis now, because the fall is the proper
time to plant Lily bulbs.

Hyacinths, Tulips, Crocuses, and hardy Dutch
Bulbs generally, must have immediate attention.
Crocuses and Snowdrops are often planted out
in the grass on the lawn ; the former is not very
objectionable as the leaves have so close a grass-
like appearance ; but the last should never be so
employed, the foliage giving, the whole summer
iifterwards, a very coarse and weedy appearance
to the lawn. j

Hyacinths and Tulips may be set out in the
beds devoted to summer-flowering bedding- '
]»lants, as they will, in a great measure, be out

I of flower before the bedding-time comes around,
when they can be either taken up and tran.s-
j planted to an out-of-the-way-place to ripen, or
the bedding-plants can be set in between where
! the bulbs grow, without either much interfering
' with the success of the other.
j As a manure for these bulbs, nothing has yet
j been found superior to well-decayed, sandy cow-
j manure ; but where this is not conveniently at
'hand, well decomposed surface-soil from a wood
! will do as well.

! Herbaceous hardy border flowers are often
propagated in the Fall by dividing the roots :
but, unless it is convenient to protect the newly-
made plants through the winter, it is better to
defer this till Spring, as the frost draws out of
the ground and destroys many. "Where it i.^
now resorted to, a tliiek mulching of leaves or
litter should be placed over the young stock
when transplanted.

Few things are more valued in winter than a
bunch of Sweet Violets. A few may now bt;
potted, and they Avill flower in the window to-
wards Spring ; or.a .small bed of them ma}' be iu
a frame, wliicb should be jH-otectcd by a mat from
severe frost. To have Pansics flower early and
profusely in Spring, they may l)e planti'd out iu
a frame, as recommended for the Violet.

Many kinds of hardy annuals, flower much
bettor next Spring, when sown at this season of

12<)0

THE a A HI) K y /; // ' n m oxtjid'

[October,

the year. A Avarm.rioli border should bo chosen,
and the sood put in at oiuc. Early in 8prmg i
thoy nnist be transplanted to tlie desired posi-
tion in the llower border.

Dahlias. (Gladiolus, Tubero.se.s and other plants
that require winter prott>etion for their roots in
eellar.**, should be taken up at once on their
leaves irettinrr injured by the first •white frosts.
The two latter should be pretty well dried be-
fore storiuix away, or they may rot. Dahlias
may be init away at once.

"We like planting trees early. There is no oc-
casion to wait for the fall of the leaf; as soon as
the leaves are yellow go to work. It is often a
question whether best to plant in Fall or Spring.
If a very hot, dry Summer, set in after Sprmg
plantiuii: there may be losses, and so if there
is an early and severe Winter after Fall plant-
ing. Last Winter around Philadelphia was rath-
or open, and planting Avas very brisk up to
Christmas. There never was such success. We
doubt whether five per cent, of the enormous
number set out failed.

COMMUNICA TIONS.

SEEDS AND SEED PLANTING.

BY CHAS. II. SIIIXN, XILES, CAL.
(Concluded from page 201.)

Tree and shrub seed are most conveniently
^own in boxes two or three feet square and foiu'
inches deep. The soil needs only to be rapidly j
mixed and pulverized with a shovel, thrown into |
the boxes, pressed, so that no settling will occur, ;
and sown broadcast, the seed being covered with '
finer soil. The seeds of all conifei's, such as Juni- j
per, Cypi'ess, and Fir, sprout slowly, and re- \
quu'e moistm-e, light covering, and a cool atmos-
phere to make them groAV. Our best plan is to
use a covering of laths, and sow the seed early,
about the first of December, covering them with
fine sand. AVhen the young plants are just
coming through the ground, aflairs begin to ap-
proach a critical and troublesome period. Many
people manage to learn the secret of sowing
seed, but comparatively few understand the care
of young seedlings during the dangerous portion
of their existence, from the time they sprout to
the appearance of the second leaves. If you
sowed too thick they come up in bunches, and
lift the soil, thus exposing the roots. Hardy
plants survive this evil, with a little thinning out,
but tender plants require a little sprinkling of

sand to fill the crevices. Sand is also good, if
the soil gets too wet and covered with green
moss, to dry the surface. If the plants get too
much h(>at they wither; if too much damp they
decay, and suddenly j)erish; if too nuuh shaded
or crowded tlu-y spindle, or become, a.s gardeners
express it, "drawn," that is, they increase in
height without a corresponding strength, the cel-
lular tissue being merely lengthened, without
additional width. Light, warmth, and moisture
are the watch-words for most plants at this per-
iod. Avoid all extremes ; do not let the surface
get so dry that it crumbles to dust, or so wet
that green scum forms on the top. Conifei's
need shelter from the direct sun, but tropical
seedlings may be placed in the w^armest place
obtainable.

Seedlings of all kinds ought to stay in the seed
boxes until the second leaves appear, and it is
usually best to leave them until the third or
fourth pair of leaves are seen, and the stem has
become somewhat hard. Plants that flower the
first season ought then to be spaced in other
boxes, giving them rather more room then the}'
had before. Tree and shrub seedlings may with
safety be left in the seed boxes for the first year,
and then planted in rows in the open ground. The
various Palms and Drsecenas must be potted ofl"
early, or the roots grow so that they cannot be
handled. Blue Gums, Eucalyptus globulus, sown
in August, and spaced once, are fit for planting
in Spring. The garden flowers, such as Carna-
tions, Asters, Balsam , Petunias, «&c., will become
stocky, and gifted with fibrous roots, after one
or two transplantings. They can then be put in the
garden, in masses, little groups, or as single
specimens, as preferred. For handling small
plants, use a knife blade, or a trowel not larger
then a teaspoon ; for moving larger plants, and
for garden work generally, a seven-inch, steel
blade garden trowel will be needed.

Seeds, although carefully planted and watched,
are subject to various living enemies, first among
which may be mentioned mice, they are exces-
sively fond of some kinds of seed, notably the
Blue Gum, and will find exposed boxes, scratch
up the surface, and take out every seed, leaving
little hulls, in bitter mockery. Pine seed is an-
other mouse delicac}-. A greenhouse should be
made safe against mice, and if one sneaks in oc-
casionally, he can be circumvented. Where seed
boxes, are however set on a porch, or in a shady
place out-doors, the mice often commit depreda-
tions. The boxes can be covered with glass, or

1878.

AND HORTICULTURIST.

291

surrounded by strips of tin, and poison can be
used with good effect.

The small red and black ants are also among
the enemies of horticulture in general, and of
seed sprouting in particular. We fervently ad-
vise every novice in the ancient art of garden-
ing to study the ways of these restless and im-
pudent rascals. If the tiavor of any kind of
seed suits their fastidious palates, they will form
in sedate military lines, and carry off every seed
in the box before you really discover the trick.
I believe that ants are responsible for at least a
few of the failures usually attributed to poor
seed. If the seed they fancy are too large for
one to shoulder, a number will unite, or else they
will dig into it, and carry off the kernel piece-
meal. I have watched several minute red ants
thus dissecting a Canna seed and displaying as
luuch zeal as if they were scientific men trying
to discover the secret of life. Now and then
they stop to consult, or to announce progress,
thrusting their antennae close together, then , with
renewed energy pushing the work of excavation,
till all the kernel was removed. Against ants,
therefore, we must declare war of the relentless
■order. To save the boxes attacked make a heavy
mark with chalk or tar on the edge of the box,
trace the marauders to their nests, and drown
them out with boiling water. Move your boxes
and pots occasionally, and if they have started
fresh colonies make matters impleasantfor them.
It is not cruel, because it is better for them to
move out-doors, and study nature. Besides —
and here is the gist of the matter — we want the
flowers.

The greatest danger which threatens seeds
])lanted out-doors, and also small plants, especi-
ally conifers, arises from the presence of so many
small birds through the winter in our mild cli-
mate. Salpiglossis,Nemophila, Ten-week Stock,
Lobelia, and many other flowers, will be eaten
off as soon as they appear. Vegetables often suf-
fer. Pines and Cypress, whilst small and tender
will be completely destroyed. If it were other-
wise, field culture Avould be the cheapest way of
growing our hardy evergreens,but the little birds
snap them off as soon as they appear, and skip
<n\ the bushes saucily when the excited owner
comes along, to astonish him with a flood of twit-
ters, and a multitude of vibrant, melodious calls
that half atone for the injury. The only effect-
ual metliod of saving the plants is to cover them
with lath frames until they are a couple of inches
in height.

The growth of plants from seed, to sum up all
in a sentence, requu'es the most patient, endless
vigilance. It is the straight forward, natural way
of propagation, but it is beset with minor diffi-
culties. No one can start seed, except by accident,
who does not think of their welfare, and examine
them several times a day, until they ai-e up, and
large enough to transplant. Bye-and-bye you
will learn how long it takes this and that kind of
seed to germinate, you will know just how they
look as they shake the soil from their brown gar-
ments, and unfold their new apparel of green ;
you will discover that from theu- very first ap-
pearance no two plants are precisely alike, and
you will study their habits and progress. So
seed planting will become the delight of delights,
and seed-growth the mystery of mysteries.

CEANOTHUS.

BY W. C. L. DREW, EL DORADO, CAL.

Of the many species of flowering shrubs which
decorate the hills and valleys of California, few,
if any, strike the beholder as more worthy of
cultivation than the several Ceanothus. Of this
species of shrub, belonging to the natiu-al order
Rhamnacese,we have some nineteen varieties in
California. By far the handsomest variety is C.
thyrsiflorus, or the California Lilac, discovered
and named by the Russian botanist Eschscholtz.
This is a strong grower, forming handsome, well-
branched plants, five to eight feet liigh. Tlie
flowers are joroduced in dense compound racemes
about five inches long. The flowers are of a
bright ultramarine blue and have a pleasant odor,
they are produced in abundance in May and June.
C. cordulatus, well known in California as Snow-
bush, is a beautiful companion for the first named
variety ; the flowers are produced in dense panicles
of a pm-e snow white color. In habit and growth
it resembles C. thyrsiflorus. C. integerrimus, is a
fine variety with racemes of pure white flowers.
It grows from tliree to five feet high, forming strong
well-branched plants ; this variety, while not as
handsome as the other two, is well worthy of a
place in any collection.

C. dentatus is a fine variety of a lower growth
than the former; the flowers are produced in
racemes of a dark blue color, and in such abund-
ance that the plant is literally covered with
blossoms, and forms an object when in bloom
that the beholder will long remember. C. diva-
ricatus is known as the wliite flowering Cali-
fornia Lilac; the flowers are produced in long
racemes, often six inches long, of a pure white

292

THE GAUDKNEWS MONTHLY'

[October f

color. It ^ows from five to ciiilit feet liigh, Jin<l
forms dense well-bninehed plants.

C. oli^anthus Ls a fine variety, wliich is un-
known except around Santa Barbara. The
flowers are produced in racemes about three
inches lonjx, in color they arc bri£;ht blue. Not
as free flowering a.s the other vareities.

C. velutinus or Douglass Ceanothus grows
about three feet high ; it produces pure white
flowers in loose racemes, a very free flowering
variety. I am of the opinion that this variety will
be hardier than the others in the Eastern States.
C. azureus is a very pretty variety, the flowers
produced in racemes two inches long, of a rich
blue color.

C. spinosus is the highest grower of all the
varities, often twenty feet high. The flowers are
very fragrant, of a dense deep blue, produced in
numerous racemes. Wherever a tall shrub can
be used, none will give more satisfaction than
this variety of Ceanothus.

The other varieties are equally desirable.

HYDRANGEAS.

BY J. J. S.

Hydrangea paniculata. "Very few, if any late
introductions for the garden and shrubbery please
me so much as this Hydrangea. Hardy, easily,
very easily propagated, very showy, lasting a
long time too, it has few rivals ; profuse of
bloom, and that bloom changing from white to
purple or red, it is continuously elegant ; after
two or more years growth it is little less than
superb. Coming, too, about the 1st of August,
when blooming shrubbery is mostly over, I
constantly wonder why it is not more abundant
in pleasure grounds.

The Hydrangea, Thomas Hogg, is newer, has
not yet developed into much size, and is not, to
my eye, so pleasing; it is not hardy, and will
not take the place of paniculata. We are ne-
glecting too much the old Hortensis, which we
do not now often see in its old glory.

In this connection, I would remark that
there has been a story, verbally circulated, that
somebody was about to bring out a real novelty —
a Hydrangea that clings to a wall, and has grand
panicles. Can Mr. Meehan tell us about this,
or shall we have to go to the Messrs. Par-
eons ? I am all anxiety. At any rate, H. pani-
culata would be a choice acquisition to all country
gardens, front lawns, &c.

[We understand Messrs. Parsons have not yet

a stock sufficient to warrant them in oflering it,
for sale. Everyone who h:u8 seen the II. panicu-
lata will appreciate the good words our corres-
pondent iiius for it. — Ed.G. M.]

COUNTRY HOMES.

BY THOMAS MKEIIAN.

At a meeting of nurserymen from all parts of
the Union, held in the city of Rochester, recent-
ly, to consider the present condition and futun-.
prospects of the business, Mr. Thomas Meehan,
being present, was calhul on for a few remarks,,
which are thus reported in a Rochester paper r
He alluded to the great improvements made.
before the war in the planting, and in the em-
bellishment of country residences, and which
were largely promoted by the horticultural so-
cieties of that day. More recently, less atten-
tion has been given to these improvements by
persons of wealth, who now devote a large por-
tion of their time to Summer travel, and to visit-
ing places of Summer resort. This prevailing;
practice has left but little time and means for
horticultural improvement, and has resulted in
a diminished call for nursery products. He
alluded to the great benefits which nurserymen
had conferred on the country, and to the mean*
employed by them for disposing of their trees.
In this State, agents are mostly employed, and
have introduced tree planting in many place-*
where land owners would not take the troubb^
to send to nurseries. A prominent cause of the
present depression in the nursery business waa
the fact that many had undertaken it with but
little knowledge, who had raised trees largely,
had overstocked the market, disseminated poor
sorts, and sold trees under wrong names. Thiii
course had greatly injured the legitimate busi-
ness, and given a bad name to reliable and ac-
curate dealers. He recommended nurserymen
to take more interest in planting in their re-
spective neighborhoods ; they should take an
active part in horticultural societies, promote
public exhibitions, assist in sustaining financial-
ly such organizations as were deficient in means,
and in this way a taste and demand would be
gradually promoted. This result would also be
advanced by the wider circulation of periodicals
devoted to the subject. So far as horticultural
and agricultural societies were concerned, he
thought premiums should not be awarded be-
cause one exhibitor's articles were better than
another's ; but because they favorably compared

1878.

AND HORTICULTURIST.

293

with the best specimens known in their
own classes. This would require a higher
•order of judges than had generally prevailed;
but more care and intelligence on the part
•of judges in awarding prizes at shows, would
encourage a larger number of exhibitors,
and real merit would be better understood
than mere quantity and show. Mr. M. also
remai'ked that nurserymen had suffered great
losses by giving long credit, to effect sales;
when they became overstocked with trees, they
were tempted to sell at any rate, and on any
terms Large numbers of weak, and in the main,
dishonorable firms, were sustained in existence
by this plan, who in turn competed injuriously
with the firms that had sustained them. He said
it was better to destroy the trees then to over-
bm-den the market. The practice of selling trees
at prices so low as hardly to pay for digging and
packing had largely contributed to depress the
trade. It was an injury to the public as well as
to the other members of the trade, as, feeling
that they had suffered enough loss already, the
temptation to haste in digging and careless pack-
ing was great, and large numbers of such trees
died on the purchaser's hands.

EDITORIAL NOTES.

The Lemon Verbena. — It is said that a few
of the dried leaves of this plant mixed with
Chinese tea adds to its tastefulness to the palates
of many people.

The Persian Lilac. — It is now attributed to
Pecaisne, that what is known in gardens as the
Persian Lilac is not a Persian but a Cliinese
plant.

The Purple Beech as a Hedge Plant. —
What is the reason that Purple Beech is not
more used for ornamental hedges than it appears
to be at present. I should say there is no plant
that forms a more beautiful hedge for bounding
or dividing a pleasure ground, contrasting as it
does so charmingly with the green sward. It
may be said to plant a hedge of this description
would be too expensive, as in nurseries they are
mostly, if not all, grafted, and consequently, are
expensive. There are very few places but one
or two large trees are to be found, and I ven-
ture to say that under such trees there are plenty
of young seedlings springing up just now ; and if
they are taken up and planted in some conven-
ient place, in lines, and let grow on for a couple

of years, they will make nice plants for forming
a hedge, and they will invariably keep the same
color as the old tree. There is a large tree of
Pm-ple Beech here, and there are himdi'eds of
young plants now growing imder it. It was this
suggested to me that the present must be a good
season elsewhere for them. I had a quantity of
seedlings taken up as above ten years ago, and
they now form a splendid hedge, about five feet
in height, wliich is much admired by all who hap-
pen to see it. The growth and foliage hang down
very gracefully. I would prefer it, in fact, to any
other tree usually planted for forming hedges in
gardens and pleasure grounds. — B. B.,in Garden.

The Grey Pine. — Prof. Beal has the follow-
ing good word for the Pinus Banksiana. "We
have often wondered why this beautiful small
growing Pine was so scarce :

"This small tree goes bj- a great variety of
other names among the people of Michigan, such
as scrub, dark, crocodile. Jack, buckwheat, etc.
It is a scrubb}^ bush or small tree, though it often
becomes fifty or even eighty feet high and fifteen
inches in diameter. It grows in poor sandy soil.
It is rather more slender and graceful than the
Austrian pine, which it somewhat resembles.
The leaves are short and of a dark color. The
grey Pine is not often planted, but I see no rea-
son why it should not find a place on every well
kept lawn. Small trees can be seen in the Abore-
tum."

C ANNAS. — It is singular that more attention is
not given to Tropical plants for borders. They
like hot Aveather, in fact the hotter it is the bet-
ter they grow. Among them none will do so
well as the Cannas. Judging by the way they
grew dui-ing our late hot spell, the temperature
seems to suit them exactly. A fine display can
now be made b}^ Cannas alone, so many varie-
ties of color having been produced of late years.
A watering now and then, is all the attention
they require. We have seen lately (August
5th) many varieties in .flower, and with their
beautiful colors they make a pretty show. In
addition to their fine flowers, the tropical appear-
ance of the leaves adds greatly to their interest.

Protecting Park Tress from Cattle. —
Writing to Land and Water, Mr. Iligford Biut,
Aldermaston Court, Reading, says :

" I dare sa}' that most of yom- readers who take
any interest 'in planting have often remarked
how an Oak or other tree of fortuitous planting
has attained a fair growth, owmg to the protec-

294

THE GARDENER'S MONTHLY

[October y

tion of a Thorn hush, whitli hjis savod it from \
cattle. Takiiiii a hint from Xaturo, I desired my
woodman hist Autumn to plant in my park, by
way of experiment, a dozen trees, about six feet
liigh, in such a manner that thc}-^ would be pro-
tected each by a Thorn. He performed his task
with prcat judiiment. and I am happy to say that
hitherto the expi riment appears to be so success-
ful that I shall repeat it on a larger scale this
next November. Planters, of course, will see
that my object is to plant single or grouijcd trees,
without having to incur the expense and trouble
of fencing them ; and having been thus far suc-
cessful, I am desirous of imparting this 'dodge'
to others, who, haviuix rough grounds, may thus
make nse of their Thorns as nurses for more
valuable trees."

In America we cannot wait for the Thorn trees
to grow, but cut the Thorn's branches and work
them round the trunks to be protected. Around
Philadelphia it is not uncommon to see Honey
Locust, Yellow Locust, Osage Orange and even
Blackberry branches used as protectors in this
way.

Asphalting Walks.— The value of asphalte
ought to be more thoroughly understood, consid-
ering the benefit it is to amateur and gardener
alike, but a great many object to it on account
of the color and unpleasant odor in hot weather ;
but whoever will follow my instructions will
have a walk like ^n ordinary gravel walk with
the dm-ability of the asphalte. In the first place,
it is indispensable to edge the Avalk with edging
stones, as the w^ear and tear generally begins
from the sides of the walk, from the soil parting
from the asphalte in dry weather, causing the
latter to crack ; hence the necessity for edging
stones. Then fill up the walk as recommended
by James Firth, with the addition of a little pitch
boiled with the tar, and when well rolled, leave
it witliin an inch of the top of the edge-stones ;
then with the mixture of pitch and tar, wliile hot,
"paint" the walk a few yards at a time with an
old sweeping brush, some one to follow with some
fine sifted Buxton limestone (not spar), and scat-
ter it over the "paint," so that there is not a
particle of the "paint" to be seen; then roll well
before it sets, after which sweep off all the lime-
stone you possibly can, and it will leave the walk,
as I have said, a dry and solid gravel Avalk with-
out the objectionable tar being visible, the pitch
preventing its working through. The cost will
be Is 4d. or Is. 6d. per yard, depending in a great
measure upon the locality for <retting the edging

.stones. I omitted to say tlie edging stones will
be covered by the grass-turf, so that they will
not be objectionable on the grass lawn, but will
give a very neat appearance, besides being bet-
ter to edge and keep clean. I need hardly say,
fine di-y weather is indispensal)le during the opera-
tion.— The Gardens, Jfornc/iff'c Umise, liawten-
sfdll. John Fletehcr.

Aponogeton distaciiyox not necessari-
ly AN Aquatic. — It may be good news for
many of your readers who are not possessed of
ponds or tanks suitable for growing this delicious-
ly sweet-scented plant, recently described and
ligured in The Garden, that water is by no means
necessary in which to grow and fiower it success-
fully. When visiting the experimental depart-
ment of the Jardin des Plantes at Paris recently,
I was shown, in one of the greenhouses, by M.
Carriere, a pot containing a plant of the Apono-
geton covered with its curious pure white distich-
ous flowers, but destitute of foliage, and showing a
large number of flower buds protruding from
the crown of the plant, which promised a long
succession of bloom. The house was quite flUed
with the delicate perfume exhaled from the
numerous blooms — a perfume which much re-
sembles that of the Winter Heliotrope (Tussilago
fragrans). M. Carriere informed me that ho
grew the plant in r"bugh lumps of peat mould,
mingled with potsherds, which were also scat-
tered thickly on the surface of the pot. I may
add that I have never seen half so man}' blooms
open at one and the same time on any plant
growing in the water as were in full perfection
on this potted plant. A more charming or sweel-
scented plant for window or room culture could
not well be discovered than the Aponogeton
distachyon thus grown in a pot. — W. E. G.,in
Garden.

AsTiLBE BARBATA. — Generally, but errone-
ously, known as Iloteia Japonica, and Spiraea
barbata, cannot be too highly appreciated a.s a
decorative plant for early forcing; its pretty,
erect, shining green foliage, surmounted by nu-
merous beautiful and graceful panicles of white
infloresence, giving the whole plant an elegant
appearance, and rendering it at once mostple.'is-
ing and useful for decorative purposes. — W. Btdf.

What Ails the Trees. — A couple of years
ago the city of Philadelphia concluded that
the dirtily disgraceful Independence Square
should be made decent. Among other things it
was re-sodded. Those who do such work are sel-

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

295

dom the intelligent gardeners ; in fact those who
know are seldom employed where knowledge is
required. So to sod the ground, the ground was
all dug over, and an immense number of sm-face
roots were destroyed. Of coiu-se as everj' intel-
ligent man would know, many of the trees
died, others were badly injm-ed, and "What is
the matter with om' trees?" was the wonder
of many a correspondent in the city papers.

But what we want to say here is that we can
get no comfort from those, who, when they see
mere pick-axe and spademen employed to do
intelligent gardeners' work, tell us " they do
tilings diflferently in England." For the writer
of this saw just the same ignorance displayed
in some of the London Parks as we find here,
and just the same wonder "What is the matter
with the trees?" in their newspapers.

There is no surer way to injure a tree than to cut
oft' half its roots. Usually the long woody forks
are thought to be the "roots " by those who do
not know anything of gardening. Those who
know better think more of the small ones, and
very little of the old woody forks.

Messrs. T. Backhouse and Son, York. The
flowers of tliis plant are remarkably showy, owing
to their bold bell form, distinct marginal tooth-
ing,and fine deep purplish-blue color. — Gardener'' s

Magazine.

The Rosy Snowflake (Leucojum roseum). —
The prettiest hardy bulb in flower in the Kew
collection at the present time is this rare little
gem. Its blossoms, which are about the size of
Snowdi'ops, are unaccompanied b}- leaves, and
are borne on slender stalks about four inches
high, in the same nodding away as in the case of
Snowdi'ops. The name roseum is probably taken
from the flower-stalk and the membranous leaf
on it, wliich are of a red color, but it does not
affect the snowy whiteness of the flower, except
at the point of attachment to the stalk. Like
most of its congeners, tliis Snowflake is a native
of South Europe, and delights in a sunny border
in a lisfht soil. — Garden.

SCRAPS AND QUERIES.

NEW OR RARE PEANTS.

A Blue Primrose. — The Gardener''s Maga-
zine says: "A blue Primrose was exliibited by
Mr. G. P. Wilson at South Kensington, on Tues-
day last, under the designation of Scott Wilson.
The flowers are large, stout, of good form, and of
a rich deep blue color. It is so remarkably dis-
tinct in color that it must be regarded as a most
valuable addition to the list of hardy Primroses
now in cultivation under distinctive names."

Campanula Allioni. — A dwarf-habited
species found on the north of Italian and French
Alps, is now flowering finely in the nm-series of

Beautiful Hydrangeas. — A IN^ewport cor-
respondent speaks of a bed of Hydrangeas in
the grounds about the cottage of Harry Inger-
soll, Esq., of Philadelphia, which is one of the
floral gems of the place. The bed is about
twenty-five feet by five or six wide, and com-
prises many varieties of color. It does not seem
to mind the breeze sweeping over some 3000
miles of sea.

Deep Planting of Bulbs. — A California
correspondent suggests that the reason the bulbs
of that State do so poorly East, is that they are
not set deep enough. He saj's- that wild, they
are generally found six inches below. This
applies more or less to all bulbs.

Green House and House Gardening.

SEAS ON A BEE HINTS. i and are not afraid of shade, that will grow well in

j windows, and in then' rugged liealth, are far pre-
I ferable to elegant invalids so often petted to so
Room gardening has progressed probably fast- little purpose,
er than many other branches of gardening. It is Many kinds of annuals also come well into play :
not necessary to have the tender things that re-
quire skillful greenhouse treatment. There are
numberless green things which require little heat

amongst other things, Phlox Drummondii, Sweet
Alyssum, Collinsia bicolor, Schizanthuses, Mig-
nonette, and Nemopliila are essential.

296

THE GARDENElVa MONTHLY

[October,

"VThoro many flowers are desired for bouquots in ' life in South Anieriea and the West Indies, do
winter, a ^oodst(M'k of sucli as flower easily sliould not grow in dense forests, hut on trees on the
be provided, espeeially of wliite-flowerini,' kinds, edge of forests, or overhanging streams, or
without a good sprinkling of which a bouquet has swamps, where they have plenty of air and light ;
but a very common-place look. Deutzia gracilis ! and whilst they are subjected to much heat and
and D. scabra, Philadelphuses, and Tamarix fire moisture in their growinc season, at times they
very good hardy plants to pot for Winter flower- are subjected to great droughts, and the shriveled
ing. The Iberis sempcrvirens is also a splendid appearaHce of newly imported bulbs is not
white to force for its white flowers. Lopezia caused so much by the length of time they have
rosea is nearly indispensable for giving a light, been gathered as to the prolonged drought in
airy gracefulness to a bouquet; Camellias and . their own habitats. If any one wishes to prove
Azaleas cannot possibly be done without. the correctness of this, let them cut off a sound,

Bulbs for flowering in pots should be planted '• plump pseudo-bulb from any Cattleyn, Oneid,or
at once. Four or flvc-inch pots arc suitable, other bulbous Orchid, weigh it carefully and then
One Hyacinth and about three Tulips are suflficient put it away in a close, dry box, but away from
for each. After potting, plunge the pots over the greenhouse. I have seen them after three
their rims in sand under the green house stage, ^ months as plump as when cut, and they will be
letting them remain there until the pots have be- found to have diminished but little in weight,
come well filled with roots, before bringing them i And if Orchids are gathered Avhen they are dor-
on to the shelves to force. i mant, and not packed too close, there is no tell-

There are l)ut few tilings in the greenhouse j ing how long they will retain their vitality. I
that will require special treatment at this time, i have some Dendrobes now starting into growth,

Camellias and Azaleas, as they cease to grow,
will require less water ; but it is now so well
known that moistui-e is favorable to growth, and
comparative diyness favorable to flowering,
that we need do no more than refer to the fact.

COMMUNICA TIONS.

that I have had nearly a year without showing
any sign of vegetation. In purchasing newly im-
ported Orchids, it is of pararaoimt importance to
see that the eyes at the base of the bulbs have
not been rotted out, either by being packed too
moist, or at an improper season. -^Erides and
such Orchids as have no pseudo-bulbs, having no
great supply of elaberate sap, of course cannot
be kept so long \vithout moistm*e.

The increased taste for Orchids in this country,
will no doubt induce collectors to send plants
here for sale, and our nearness to many of the

ORCHID CULTURE IN THE UNITED STATES

ET C. n. S., BALTIMORE, MD.

It is evident that there is an increasing interest
in Orchid culture in this countr}^ and I find that
any reliable information on their habits is eagerly Orchid producing countries, and increasing steam
sought after. Their wonderful manner of growth, navigation, should soon make us independent of
added to their beauty, and the delightful odor of Europe, for our supply of South American and
many species, have made them subjects of inte- 1 Mexican and Central American varieties, and East
rest from their first discovery, but it is only within I India kinds could be brought here via San Fran-
the last twenty years that their culture has been i ciso, in less time than to Europe. Quite a number
successfully carried out in Europe. Some few ! of importations of Orchids have been sold by
persons in this country have also fine collections, i Yoiuig & Elliott, Xew York, and good plants, re-
but their popular culture is only a thing of a very reliably named, seem to have brought good prices,
few years. Want of information, the high price i In the main they have been in good condition, and
of the microscopic plants usually sent from j I do not think that I have lost five per cent., and
Eiu:ope,andwantof patience in the growers, have I these may have been lost by my ignorance in
tended to make them, if not luipopular, at least bandlins: them. As no doubt more will be im-

not much sought after. The opinion that a damp,
hot and shady place was essential to their culti-
vation, has been found to be erroneous. In fact
no Orcliid would present a healthy appearance
if subjected to such treatment for a long time.
Orchids, as far as m}- personal experience goes,
and I have spent a considerable part of my early

ported, it is desii-able for those who are not con-
versant with handling them, to know how it
should be done. Suppose for instance in the
Spring, which is the best time to import Orchids,
you have a lot of Cattleyas, Oncids, Odontoglos-
sum, &c. Take your Orchids, cut otf all rotten
bulbs and leaves, and then wash them carefully,

1?78.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

297

using precaution not to bruise the e3-es at the
base of the bulbs. Lay them in a shady place to
<lry off. Some persons then put them in a warm,
phady place, on some moss, until they show
signs of growth, which will not be long if the
bulbs are in good condition. I prefer however,
to pot them as soon as they are clean and dry.
Many kinds emit roots before they do their
leaves, which roots are extremel}' tender, and
apt to be broken oflf in potting. I use clean new
pots, and only large enough to hold the bulbs. I
never try to start two or more in the same pot, as
they may turn out different varieties. If speci-
noens are wanted, it is better to put the plants in
a large pot or basket after they have been estab.
lished a year or so. These small pots only need
a little drainjLgc,and fresh sphagnum moss is the
best material to use for Orchids, that I have
found in this country. After they are potted, the
first requisite to start them into growth is heat.
Heat is the first motor in all vegetation. If your
fires are still going, they should be put near th e
heat, and slightly moistened with a fine syringe.
It is good to tlirow a newspaper or some light
covering over the plants, when the sun sliines on
them, as it dries up the moisture too fast. A
little moisture is beneficial. After they are
srarted and the j'oung roots begin to come, they
need constant care. A good supply of sphagnum
moss should always be on hand, and if the roots
make their appearance outside of the pots, they
should be covered carefully with clean, fresh moss.
If you do not, snails, sow-bugs, roaches and even
mice will be quick to discover and eat the j'oung
roots. There may be houses where none of
these torments exist, but I have never seen one.
As the plants grow they will require more water,
which should be given with a small pot, in place
of the syringe, as the latter is apt to leave water
in the young growth, which will rot some
kinds very quickly. After they have made their
growth they should be placed near the glass, and
where they can get some air and sunlight, this
will mature the growth and help the bulbs to
ripen. Some varieties make two growths with
me in a year. This will be learned by practice.
!Xfany that are called cool Orcliids, or interme-
diate, if kept in the hot-house in the winter, Avitli
an average temperature of 05° will make a sec-
ond growth, and make good liulbs if kept with-
in eighteen inches or so of the glass. This is a
good way to hurry up the growth of small plants.
When yoiu" plants get too strong for the small
pots in which they were first placed, and you

wish to re-pot, if you find that they will not
knock out very easily, you may be sure the roots
have taken hold of the inside of the pot. Break
the pot gently, with a small hammer, and let the
pieces of crockery that the roots have listened
on, go into the other pot. The pot only costs
two or thi'ee cents.

All pots and crocks should be perfectly clean ,
and if old pots are used, they should be washed
and either placed on a warm flue, or in the sun to
dry, otherwise the germs of the Litchens, &c.,
will come into growth, as soon as placed in a
damp house. In potting I use the hardest burnt
pots that I can get, even if they are a little black
I prefer them. They do not generate filth as
fast as the soft yellow pots. At one time I
used pots with holes in the sides. I find that the
holes only serve as hiding places for slugs, sow-
bugs, &c. ^Noticing that one of my finest Cattle-
yas, was doing badly, I concluded to re-pot it.
It was in an eight-inch perforated pot. On
knocking it out, I found a colony of slugs in the
di-ainage, and every root eaten off. The plant
has not recovered, though this was more than a
year ago. I think there cannot be too many holes
in the bottom of Orchid pots, and the bottoms
should be concave. The moss about Orcliids
should be allowed to get dr}'-, once every day or
two. In the Summer I water late in the after-
noon, wliich keeps the plants moist until 9 to
10, A. M., next day, at which time I thoroughly
wet the floors. In "Winter I water early in the
morning, so as to dry up a little by night, and
never water indiscriminately. If a plant appears
moist I do not give it any water. I grow small
Ferns, Selaginellas. Achimenes,Avith the Orchid*;.
They will always show needof water by flagging-,
long before the Orchids can possibh' suffer. As
Orchids out of bloom are not generally very at-
tractive small Ferns add to their appearance.
You can always cut ofi" the strong fronds. Achi-
menes bulbs will remain dormant in the moss all
! the Winter, at the very time that most Orchids
arc resting. When the culture of Orchids in tliis
country is better understood, I think they will
become great favorites with amateurs who do
! not keep a gardener. Next to Cacti, which are
! the donkeys of the vegetable world, I think
I Orchids need less care after they are well estab-
I lished than any class of plants that I have culti-
' vated.

' IhavoalargeplantofCattleyaForbesii. It is in
1 abasket made of yellow locust,Robinia, it has hung
! from a rafter in my Camellia house for five years.

298

THh: (iAHDENKlVS MONTHLY

[October^

The thonnomotcrha.'? boon as low as 34" often, and
once to 28'^. I do not yive it water ofteiier than
once in two weeks. From Xoveniber 1st to
April 1st, it never fails to <;ive nic plenty of
blooms ; had oiiihty blooms open at one time by j
actual count. Aloni;side of it han^sa i^ood stroni;
plant of ('. Loddiijesii, luus tliis day about thirty
blooms open, and more coming. This has been
in the same place two 3'ears. These very low
temperatures are ofcour.se not desirable, and too
low for Camellias. But many Orchids from
South Brazil, and some Dendrobes will winter
very well with a maxinum of 50° and niininuun
of SS**, but the bulbs must be sound, and the liouse
just moist enough to keep the bulbs plump with-
out too much water. D. nobile seems to me
to bloom far better if it is rested two or tliree
months in a temperature such as I have above
stated. I think with oiu- bright Fall months w'c
have a great advantage over European Orchid
growers, and especially those of England, where
they have so nuich cloudy weather. And om-
winters have a much larger proportion of sunny
days than either England,N"orthof France, Bel-
gium or Germany. We have much to encourage
us in the cultivation of Orchids in this country,
and when we get to importing them direct from
their homes, we will grow specimens that would
do credit in any exhibition. It may be that we
of the Middle and Southern States may find trou-
ble with such as Disa,Masdevallias and others that
come from a fog enveloped country ; but Den-
drobes, Oncids, Cattleya, Lselias, -<Erides, &c.,
should and will be grow-n far more successfully
than in Europe. We have better sunlight and
sunheat, and moisture and air as needed. I
think also that we will yet grow many kinds in
the open air in the months of June, July, August
to the middle of September. That it can l)e done,
I know from experience. At the time of the Vien-
na Exposition, a friend of mine, the late Mr. A.
Hack, of Baltimore, went to the Exposition, leav-
ing his plants in care of a colored man. I promised
him to look in about once a week and see how
things got on. In his collection was a small lot
of very choice Orchids, iErides, Vandas, Den-
di-obes, Cattleyas, &c. Finding that they were
doing badly in the hot dry house, and getting the
thrips, I took them out of the house and placed
them on tables on the north side of the house,
in a place where the sun only shone about one to
two hom-s in the morning. I improvised an awn-
ing to keep off very heavy showers of rain. They
were watei'ed every morning, and syringed in the

evening, as I was desirous of getting rid of the
tiu-ips. They all grew lincly, made dark stroui;
leaves and bulbs. And I did not lose over a
dozen out of over one hundred and lifty plants,
and those lost were almost gone when In'oughl
out. Tliey were out at least ten weeks, and the
thermometer rammed from (lU^ to \)\'^. It is my
intention to i)ut u]) a ])lace in an open piece of
woods, and try my Mexican and Brazilian Or-
chids in the open air. I cannot see why a tempera-
ture of from fiO'' to 90'' should not grow Orcliids
as well in the United States, as in Brazil. I have
seen the temperature on the Organ Mountains,
where so numy fine Oreiiids grow, 40*^ at day-light
and 95° at 2 P. M., I would not advise anyone to
try Orchids in the open air, without having the
place so arranged that they could be sheltered
from heavy rains. I have grown Sobralia macran-
tha, Epidendrum einnabarinum. E. crassifolium
and several other common varieties very finely iu
the open air, but I have l)een a little fearful of
trying experiments, as my stock is not too strong.
My experiment with Mr. Hack's plants was
forced on me, as I found that they would be lost
if kept in the house. If nothing happens I shall
certainly try some of many varieties in the open
air next Summer. If I lose them I will only add
one more to the list of martvrs to science.

CLASS PANELS.

BY MRS. C. S. .roXES, MONROE, MO.

Another box has panes of glass slid into groved
mouldings, w^hich form oblon<r panels along the
front and ends of each box. These glass panels
are embellished in various wavs. X trulv artis-

tic taste, satisfied only with genuine art work,
will paint each one, and for this purpose educated
and skillful hands are not required, but tube
colors applied to a design, placed beneath the
glass, whether it be a landscape, groups of
flowers or fruit, or geometrical figures, will ap-
pear quite imposing when finished.

1878.1

AND HORTICULTURIST.

299

Take, for instance a floral design place it
beneath the glass, then mix some colors with
varnish (using a China plate or piece of glass if
a palette is not convenient), then with a fine

camel's hair pencil, outline the various leaves
and flowers with its own peculiar color; next
take proper colors and make all veins, lines and
fine tracei-y of grasses, &c., then put on the colors,

each one mixed with copal. When done and
dry, paint over the whole with black, oiying two
or three coats, then allow to dry, and upon re-
versing the glass panel, your design will appear

The most wonderfully brilliant effects can be-
secured by tliis process, and the rich, transparent
tints, reflected back from the brightly planished
foil, every shade of tone is made to yield its

before you hi all the brilliant lints you applied,
reflected back by means of the black ground.

If desu-ed unusually brilliant, the colors should
be mixed with Demar and tin-foil put over
certahi flowers, while the paint is still " tacky."

otherwise concealed beauty, making these panels.
equally beautiful, as the gorgeous. Oriental-
glass-painting of the Chinese. We also use
transfers of various kinds for these panels, and
with great satisfaction, for they offer an easy
and effective means of securing good resuls, at
small cost of labor or money.

[We give again with this number some of the
patterns of Messrs. Gleason, referred to in Mrs.
Jones' articles. — Ed. G. M.]

SMALL CREEN HOUSES.

BY MISS A. G.

Dm-tng this and previous Winters, several
small Green Houses excited my interest, and
I have made a "note on it," which is here given
for the benefit of those who feel a similar in-
terest with myself.

They are all heated with anthi'acite coal, by
stoves. The smallest is eighteen feet long, and
nine feet wide. The highest part at the back
of the lean-to is seven feet seven inches ;
from the ground to the roof, in front is tlu'ee
feet. The floor is dug down two and a half feet.
An excavation deeper than the floor is made for
the stove, which is set neiA' the front, but not
quite in the centre of the line east and west. A
glazed terra-cotta pipe runs from a short galvan-
ized pipe attached to the stove, about three-
fourths of the length of the building, under a
wide shelf at the front, then crosses the eastern
end of the house, (the house faces south) and
runs up the northeast corner nearly to the roof,
and then passes outside, where it rises thi-ee or
four feet. The top is closed, but several aper-

300

THE (JAliDEJS'KlVlS MOMJILV

[October^

turi's boiioath allow tlio c^toss of the snioko.
There are Ibiir elbows to the pipe, (he last one
resting on a wooden bracket out-side of the
house, where it is held seenrely by strong wires.
A wide tabic runs along the front of this house.
A narrow pathway intervenes l»etwecn this and
the stage of four steps which fills all the rest of
the house, except the pathway between the two
stages which runs from the main path to the
door; that opens three-fourths of the way from
the east end, and is placed in the north wall.
From the door we step into a narrow passage-
way, or shed, lighted l)y a window in the east
end, and leave it by a door in the west end.
This passage protects the house at the north,
and prevents a draft of cold air when the door is
opened. Three flat wooden shutters on top
allow of ventilation. The gla.ss in front is also
set on- hinges, and permits of more or less ven-
tilation.

When the sun becomes too powerful, panes
made of lath are laid over the roof, and are left
there all Summer to protect it from hail. They
make a subdued light and prevent the trouble of
white-washing the glass.

The whole cost of this house was almost ex-
actly SI 00.00 ; the lath-work for the roof cost-
ing an extra S4.50. It has been used nearly two
Winters. The owners have had no trouble this
Winter, with gas, since substituting the terra-
cotta pipe for an ordinary sheet iron one, which
in the previous Winter rusted Into holes and
allowed the ga.s to escape, and do some slight
damage. This house is exposed to all the north
blasts ; but so fiir no flowers have been lost hy
cold. The stove is attended once in twent3^-four
hours, and consumes about one ton of coal in a
season. It is a self-feeder, but is never filled up
high enough to require the feeder.

Another house about eleven feet wide, and
sixteen feet long, (we could not get the exact
dimensions) faces the east, and is built up
against a high back building facing west. The
stove stands in the middle of a square left in the
centre. The pipe to this is galvanized, and goes
up straight through the roof where it is held in posi-
tion by wires fastened to the Avail. Dm-ing high
winds gas has sometimes been thrown back into
this greenhouse ; but no serious disaster occurred
till this Winter, when a varnish which had been
applied to the outside of the pipe had, unknown
to the owners, found entrance, and with stringy
festoons had formed a barricade, which on one
dark night, sent out such a volume of gas, as

' nearly stripped every leaf, from every plant in
the house. Some few j)Ianls were entirely
killed. The only (»nes escaping injury were
Amaryllis, and jieristrophe angustifolia, wliich
with its gay yellow and green leaves, and bright
rosy-purple flowers, seemed almost too jubilant
amidst the general desolation. We had seen the
whole place a short time before in a blaze of
beauty. The contrast was sombrt'. The stately
Callas in bud and flower, and shorn of their
leaves, looked like dignified poverty. This
house has a high shelf at the back, running the
full length of the house, and near enough to the
roof to allow only plants of moderate height to
be accommodated. This shelf held some earth,
or tan on which the pots were set. Kenilworth
Ivy and Tradescantia zebrina were planted
along the edge and fell in lovely green drapery
nearly to a second shelf below, where ferns and
other shade loving plants were kept. The under
shelf extended front as far :us the door, which
was in the north end, and across the south end,
meeting a shelf which extended the whole length
of the front, and around again to the door.
Hanging baskets were suspended to the roof,
and wall-pots to the north wall. The peristro-
phc filled one of these and trailed down the side,
making gayety amid the gloom, and assisted
somewhat by a stately Cyclamen in another
wall pot, the flowers t)f which remained unin-
jiu'cd, while a few leaves had been burned up
completely. The floor of this house was per-
haps eight or ten inches below the surface of the
yard.

Another house of much less pretensions, waa
made of rough boards up to the height of the
window, which were of old window frames fas-
tened together, as was the roof and east end, the
house facing south. The west end was partly
formed by a fence and partly by rough boards.
The back was a storehouse, which protected it
entirely from the north. This house is heated
by a self-feeding stove that stands near the door,
wliich is in the south-west corner. The pipe
runs up through the roof. Two wide shelves ex-
tend along the back of the; house, one above the
other, the upper being the narrowest. The lower
shelf extends along the east end. A small shelf
is placed high up at the west end. This is rather
a cool house ; the Begonias, and other heat lov-
ing plants, declined to flourish there till made
quite warm. The plants that could bear a
coolish atmosphere flourished and bloomed in
exquisite beauty. The Zonale Greraniimis Dr.

1878.

.liV2> HORTICULTURIST.

301

Koch and Jean Sisley took on an extra garb of
loveliness and even of size in the flower ; while
Oxalis versicolor became so dainty and fairy-
like a beauty as to pass beyond the knowledge
of its former owner, who had never known its
perfections, or its capabilities. This house re-
quired very little fuel. One night, however, it
was forgotten altogether, and jack frost swooped
down with a keen blade and smote so fiercely
that the delicate plants never again lifted their
heads. Great lamentation ensued, among owner
aaid friends ; but it would not restore the lost
beauty, nor even build the fire.

I heard a Florist say it did not pay Mm to
cultivate his flowers all the year, and then by a
night's neglect, loose all he had gained ; so when
severe weather approached he sat up at night and
mended his fires, and so saved when others lost.
"Well lived, well saved," says the proverb.

AMARYLLIS AND ORCHIDS.

BY P. n. O., AUSTIN, TEXAS.

In the February number of the Gardener's
Monthly, I noticed a^^desire of G. H., of Glen-
dale, Miss., that some correspondent would tell
a little about Amaryllids and the plants related
to them now. Amaryllidacese . and Orchidacete
are the plants which are especially my favorites,
and I was pleased with the article by Miss A. G.,
in the number for May, but I did not find in the
list she gave, the very best (as far as my knowl-
edge goes as yet) of the whole Amaryllis order,
viz : EucharLs Amazonica. Before I proceed
further, I nmst state that I try here to raise Or-
chids and Amaryllids without artificial heat in a
sort of large pit, twenty-two by fourteen feet, the
walls only elevated a foot above the ground, and
the eastern half of the roof and part of the
western covered with glass. In tlfis pit I suc-
ceeded in blooming the following Orchids:
Phajus grandifolius, P. Wallichii, Calanthe Veit-
chii, Dendrobium nobile; while I expect to
bloom soon Calanthe vestita, C. veratrifolia,
Coelogyne cristata, and some others. Now
with accommodations as stated above, of
the whole Amaryllis order, the easiest to flower
were Imantophyllum miniatum and I. Cyrtan-
thiflorum,next comes Eucharis Amazonia, which
I have had in bloom in the following months :
January, March, April, July, August, Septem-
ber and December, though the plant with me
has a decided preference to bloom in July, and
December. Of Amaryllis I bloomed Johnsonii,

and one sent to me by James M. Thorburn, in
New York, under the name of Aulica, which it
was not, being white with two red stripes in each
petal. A. Johnsonii is hardy here. Ismenecala-
thinum I could not flower in a pot, but planted out
in the gardens, it bloomed finely. Ha^manthus, of
which I have bloomed tigrinus, are too coarse
and clumsy for my taste. Crinums, those I know
are hardy here, except C. amabile. Brunsvigia
Coranica I bloomed, but the flower lacks beauty.
The peduncles of the flowers are long, thick
and stiff", and the flowers too small. Pancratium
maritinum is hardy here, but the flowers are too
flimsy, and last only a single day. I tried one,
Alstroemeria, but the difficulties with this plant are
the same as with raising fine Asparagus here ; the
plant starts in Fall, and ceases to grow in mid-
winter ; in Spring it grows again, and finally rests
during the hot Summer months. Griffinia I have
not bloomed yet. Ilabranthus pratensis also re-
fused to flower. Now Mr. Editor if you find this
worthy to appear in the Gardener's Monthly,
you may insert it, and in case you find such scraps
of information good enough, I may perhaps send
you in another letter remarks in regard to
plants that are hardy here, as indigenous to
Texas, but cultivated in houses in the North.
[Please do.— Ed. G. M.]

THE AMARYLLIS.

BY W\, NORFOLK, VA.

Noticing your correspondent's communication
upon "The Amaryllis," page 132 of your May
number, I wish to call your attention to the en-
closed photograph of a magnificent specimen of
that much mixed-up family, now in the posses-
sion of Mr. Daniel Barker, of this city, tlu-ough
the generosity of the former owner. It was
called by the person who introduced it here,
" The Cape Horn Lily,'''' evidently a misnomer.
This bulb is four years old, and is an offset from
a bulb, also an offset from the original plant
now in New York State, said to fill a half-hogs-
head, surrounded by its many offsets and young
bulbs, and a grand sight it must be, with from
fifty to a hundi-ed lovely flowers open at one
time.

By comparison with A. Cleopatra of dwarf and
compact habit, in bloom on the left, the relative
proportions of this plant can be seen from the
photograph, but for the sake of accuracy, I will
say the bulb is fifteen inches in circumference.
Leaves when fully grown three or four feet in
length ; flower-stalks tlu-ee and one-quarter feet in

302

THE (iAHDENER'S MoyTllLV

[October,

height, and covered with the delicate hloom of
<lie Orleans Plum.

There arc now nine llowers in lull bloom, five
on one stalk, and four on another, and a third
stalk makini; its appearance at the base.

The cluster of llowers upon a single stalk
measures sixteen inches in diameter, and each
individual flower is six inches across, and six in-
ches long. A pure white stripe down the center
of each, deep-crimson : velvety petal, fringed as
in A. Johnsonii, and a white throat complete its
description. It is the grandest Lily I have ever
seen or heard of, and if allied to A. Johnsonii, is
entitled to be called Amaryllis Johnsonii gran-
dissima, or excelsissima.

Do any of your correspondents know more of
its historj-? Mr. Barker who has grown the |
Amaryllis for forty years, says he has never seen
anything to equal it.

[The photograph shows a beautiful specimen
as described by W.— Ed. G. M.]

plant. I bedded a few out of doors, but they
soon burned out entirely in the hot, dry, exhaust-
ing atmosphere here. Again, I attempted to
grow it in a moist shady house. It grew well
enough for a while, but some of the plants soon
began to drop olF, while others stopped growing.
I judge it to be indigenous to some cool humid
climate. Think if well grown in a good sized
pan, it would make a splendid thing for exliibi-
tion.

It would be well if all our confreres would im-
part to each other, what they know and find out
accidentally about i)lants. We soon would be-
come wiser and pay more attention to certain
classes of plants, and the cultivation of many
would be more popular, as in other parts of the
world.

ALOCASIA JENNINCSII.

BY MANSFIKLD MILTON, CLEVELAND, OHIO.

If this Aloca.sia was to get anything like the
good treatment bestowed upon the finer species
of the genius, cultivators would be I'epaid for the
extra care ; for although a plant Avhich will grow
imder more adverse circumstances than many of
the other Alocasias, still it is only when good
treatment is given it that its true beauty is seen.
The leaves grow about six inches long, the ground-
color a glaucous green, between the principal
veins are blotches of black. For soil, a good
mixtm-e of peat and sphagumn moss, with a num-
ber of small pieces of charcoal through it, is most
suitable ; plenty of cbainage is requisite, and
makes the best plant when grown in a pan.
During it's season of growth it requii-es, to bring
out the true markings, a high temperature, and
plenty of moisture, as red-spider is a great enemy
when grown in a dry atmosphere. When at rest
do not keep it in a low temperature, but with-
hold giving too much water at the roots.

COLEUS CHAMELEON.

BY II. AV. HALES, KIDGEWOOD, N. J.

Many gardeners complain of tiiis Coleus "run-
ning out" or turning dark; if however, they will
carefully cut out all the dark shoots, and allow
only the bright colored shoots to grow, the plants
will be much improved. I have several largt-
specimens planted in the open ground that are
beautifully colored, and which attract consider-
able attention. In propagating, it is best to use
only the bright colored shoots, and to use a little
wood ashes in the potting soil. Cuttings struck
in the Fall, keep their color better, and make
finer plants than those propagated at any other
time ; but they should be kept warm enough to
keep them constantly growing; they will then
delight the grower with their beauty and rich-
ness of colorinir.

NERTERA DEPRESSA.

BY G. J. B., ST. JOSEPH, MO.

Could you or some of your subscribers inform me
about growing Nertera Depressa. This pretty lit-
tle plant with its creeping, slender, dense stems
like veins, is worthy of attention. I have tried to
grow it under different treatments, but have not
succeeded well any way. Mr. J. B . Bj orklund, of
Hampton, Ya., recommended it as a bedding

STICMAPHYLLON CILIATUM.

BY MANSFIELD MILTON, CLEVELAND, OHIO.

From Brazil this beautiful climber has been
introduced. It belongs to the order Malpighia-
ceoe, an order i*epresented with a large number
of genera throughout South America, some of
which are very peculiar in form.

It makes an excellent pot plant when well-
trained and taken care of. Mr. Clark, gardener
to the late Mrs. Ward, Canton, Mass., used to
exhibit at the horticultural exhibitions at Bos-
ton, as fine a specimen of this plant as I think I
ever saw. It is propagated by cuttings, and
grows rapidly in a mixtm-e of good rich loam
and peat with plenty of sand for porosity. The
shoots require regular attention in tying and
keeping the plant in good shape. The tlowers

1878.

AND HORTICULTURIST,

203

]ook like some of the Orchids in shape, are of a
bright yellow color, and produced in umbels.
It flowers during the Summer months, keeping
a good while in bloom.

FUMIGATING GREENHOUSES.

BY H. W. HALES, RIDGEWOOD, N. J.

This should always be done after smi-down or
in dull, cloudy weather, to avoid burning or
:scorching the plants. The fumigator which I
use is six inches in diameter, and is simply an
iron ring formed of tlu'ee-eigths of an inch
round iron; it stands on three legs (of same
material) each three inches high. One fumiga-
tor is sufficient for about 600 square feet of glass,
and the method of using is as follows : As much
wood shavings as can be held in the closed hand
is laid on the floor, (if the floor is of wood or any
inflamable material it will be necessary to lay a
piece of slate or tin first), and lighted, the fumi-
gator is then placed over it and a good sized
bimch of tobacco stems, wliich should be pre-
•viously moistened with water to prevent blazing,
on top. The greenhouse can then be shut up
tight, and the apparatus will then take care of
itself. This method is quite efl'ectual and does
not melt the operator to tears, which cannot be
..said of fumigating as it is carried on in some
establishments.

EDITORIAL NOTES.

frame and kept well syringed, so as to make
good flowering bulbs for the following season."

Some of om* Baltimore gardeners nmst know
how to flower them, as there were very fine
specimens in bloom at the exhibition of the
Maryland Horticultural Society, during the
meeting of the American Pomological Society.

NEW OR RARE PLANTS.

Belladonna Lily. — A correspondent of the
Garden has the following answer to an inquiry :

"• Amaryllis Belladonna for flowering in pots
should be treated somewhat the same as Val-
iota purpurea. After flowering it should have
plenty of water, and should be nearly shut up
in a close frame until it has made good flower-
ing bulbs for the next season \ then it should
be gradually dried oft'. It does best out of
doors, but to grow and flower it well the
bulbs should be planted about six inches
deep in a good rich border in the full sun,
where they may remain for years without being
transplanted, and will produce an abundance of
flowers. Amaryllis vittata should be treated
precisely the same as other Amaryllises. Xerines
also require nuich the same treatment as Ama-
ryllises; they flower chiefly in Autumn, and if
properly dried oft', the flowers are thrown up be-
fore the foliage. As soon as the flowering is
over, the plants should be placed in a close

Azalea, Duke of Edinburg. — The Florist
and Pomologist has a colored plate of this. The
size is the cliief novelty, each flower being fom*
inches across. The color is brick red.

Asparagus plu3I0SUs. — What is known in
the cut flower trade as "Smilax" is so popular
that the following note of a neighboring novelty
from the Gardener'' s C^;-o?«c?e, will prove interest-
ing.

"An extremely elegant species of Asparagus,
rather widely distributed at the Cape and in
Natal, from which latter province it was intro-
duced to the nurseries of Messrs Yeitch by Mr.
Mudd. It is a climbing under-shrub, with very
numerous, slender, glabrous green spreading
branches. The true leaves are in the form of
minute deltoid scales with an acute ultimately
reflexed point. The cladodes, or false leaves,
are grouped in tufts, each one is from one-eighth
to one-quarter inch long, bristle-shaped, and fine-
ly pointed. The elegance of its finely-cut false
leaves rivalling or even excelling the most deli-
cately cut Fern, will render this plant a great
favorite, and for decorative purposes, bouquets,
&c., it will have the advantage of greater per-
sistence than Ferns. — M. T. M.

ACALYPHA MACROPHYLLA. — A plant from
the South Sea Islands, belonging to the Order
Euphorbiacese, with foliage showing a great va-
riety of tints. Its stem and branches are furnish-
ed at short but regular intervals with exstipulate
leaves, having hairj'^ petioles from six to eight
inches long, from which the leafexpandsinto a
bold and broad blade of the obcordate acuminate
form , serrate and prominently veined. The leaves
attain a length of from twelve to fifteen inches,
with a breadth of from ten to twelve inches. The
coloring and markings of the leaves are exceed-
ingly varied, tints of red, 3-ellow, pink, brown , and
green, may all be found upon one plant. The col-
oring is most developed in the older leaves ; in
some, blotches of red or yellowish red are scat-
tered over the whole leaf; in othei'S, a portion

304

77/ A' G A lU) K \ E h'\S MOMULY

\October,

sharply marked off by the pruminent veins is ; plants from the Etwt, hut they n.v.r did any-
colored ; in others ^i-ain (he tvv„ p.vceeding j thin- with us, neither ha.s it bloomed any. 'I
characters are combine.l. The general outline I should be very thankful for your instruction ; or
of the plant is bolder and the color more varied perhaps, son,.,' of your corn-spondeiUs ini-ht h^
than .-1. tricolor.— Messr, J. VtUvh cV Sons, Chh- more familiar with this little plant."
wick, London. ^'Pl,^. j,,,^,^ ,,,„^^^,j j,^ nurs.-ri.-s aa llondeleti*

ACALYPIIA MACROniVLLA.

SCRAPS AND QUERIES. anomale, blooms profasely all thu Summcf

when growing in the open ground. — Ed. G. M.]

j Double Richabdia.— W. M. M., Oswego,

RONDELETIA .-^^OMALE.— T. J. B., WTites : j I^-. Y., wrltcs : " I have now in blossom a doublo

" I would be very glad to find out more about I flower on the Richardia alba maculata. Durins;

Roudeletia anomale. I received a few the past Winter this form has occurred several

1878.1

AND HORTICULTURIST.

305

I imes among my Richardia ^thiopica ; but I have
never heard of it on the R. alba maculata before."
[It is not common ; but considered to be oftener
-!«>een on R. maculata, than on the R. ^thio-
pica. — Ed. G. M.]

Fruiting of Fictjs Pakcelm.— F. B., of

Jackson, Mich., writes : '" "We have a plant of
Ficus Parcelli in our collection, wMch is show-
ing fruit. I have not heard of this plant fruit-
ing, and would like to know through the Gar-
dener's Monthly, if such is the case. The
fruit is about the size of a hazel-nut, and in form
"Jike the common Fig Ficus Carica."

Archbishop "Wood and Guillon Mangel-
1.E0N Geraihums. — G. J. B., writes : " I have

grown Guillion Mangelleon, and Bishop Wood
Geranium in and out-door side by side. There
is not in habit, foliage, petiole, truss, or
color the slightest difference. They are un-
hesitatingly bothalike, and therefore it would be
more practicable to adopt either one or the
other name ; not having one variety circulating
under two names."

[These two varieties ; one raised in America,
and the other in Europe, are not quite the same ;
but as our correspondent says, so nearly alike
that it is not desirable to continue them both in
circulation. As Archbishop Wood seems to
have been the first in the field, and a much
easier name to handle, we propose to keep this
one and let the other drop. — Ed. G. M.]

Fruit and Vegetable Gardening.

COMMUNICA TIONS.

FRUITS IN IOWA.

BY SUEL FOSTER, MUSCATINE, IOWA.

I am inclined to saj' a good thing for our sea-
son and crops in Iowa, up to this 8th of July.
Never had a better season for Strawberries.
Some places they were injured by frost while in
bloom. The wet weather through the entire
month of June prolonged their harvest, and
weakened their market down to seven and eight
cents retail. And by the 15th of June the Rasp-
berries came ; they are also holding out yet
We have for Blackcaps, Doolittle and Mam_
moth Cluster, Red, Pliiladelphia and Turner.
There is not much diflference in the quantity
produced by the above fruit ; but the Tm*ner is
80 much superior in quality, that they bring
from twenty to thirty-three per cent, higher,
where the market has once got a taste of them.
They stand our Winters better than any Red
Raspberry I ever had. Our strawberries are
Wilson, Greene Prolific, Turner, Charles
Downing, Kentuck3\ A new one originating at
Waterloo, Iowa, called Red Jacket, very pro-
ductive, which I intend to try next year, also
'Crescent.

Cherries very abundant, at SI .00 to SI. 50 per
bushel. They are Early Richmond, and Late
English Morello. The later is equally hardy and

productive with E. R. ; but a far better cherry,
two to three weeks later, thus prolonging the sea-
son.

Grapes promise abundant. Apples and
peaches, only medium.

The weather is hot, 90° ; and haying and har-
vestjs at hand, with bountiful crops.

THE DWARF JUNE BERRY.

BY MR. FRANK ADAMS, AKRON, OHIO.

You asked the question last Winter, in one of
the numbers of your Monthly, " What is a
Dwarf June Berry ?" stating that you had
never seen one, and did not know that there was
such a thing. I have several of them growing
on my grounds. The original one which I planted
out some four years since, is now a clump of
stalks from one fourth of an inch to an inch in
diameter, and from one foot to seven feet high.
I presume there are seventy-five stalks or shoots.
When in bloom in early Spring, it is one mass
of white flowers, and then another mass of fruit.
I inclose a sample. When fully ripe, they are
nearly black, and as good to eat as a Whortle-
berry ; but it is next to impossible to keep them
from the birds as they go for them as soon as the
berry begins to turn red. These which I inclose
are not ripe, but enough so; so you will see
what they are. If a man had an acre of them,
and could keep the bii"ds from them, he would

306

THE GARDENER'S MONTHLY

[October y

have n si<j:ht to hohokl. I don't know how many
bushels ho wouUl ijct ; but I think I nuLjht state
within bounds, ."iOO bushels. I hope these may
reach you in good conditioji, so you can Judge for
yourself.

THE SMALL FRUITS.

nV T. G., HAMILTON. ILLINOIS.

Here in the Xorthwest, the yield of small
fruits ha.s been enormous — especially of Rasp-
berries and IJlacklxM Ties ; so much so, that the
bottom has fallen out of the market in most
localities. A late frost did some injury to them
in certain sections, and hailstones cut them off"
in small areas ; but take the country as a whole,
and the like has seldom been known before.
Nothing — even of the most tende^" sorts — was
killed by the past mild Winter. Of Blackberries,
Lawton, Kittatinny, and others usually tender,
coming out about as heavily laden as the Snyder,
or the wild plants of the woods and fields. Last
year my Lawtons, Kittatiniiies and Missouri
Mammoths, were killed back three-fourths of
their length, yielding only a few berries near
the ground. The Snyder went through un-
scathed.

In this region Avhere hardiness is a desidera-
tum, the Snyder is to be commended ; yet South
^vhere Kittatinny and Lawton will stand the
AVinter, I should give them a decided preference.
Not quite so prolilic, perhaps, they will average
one-half larger in size, and are equal if not
superior in quality. Here, we can count on a
crop of Snj^ders annually— of Kittatinnies twice
in tlu-ee years — of Lawtons and Missouri Mam-
moths, about every alternate year.

A word as to the Crystal White and Hoosac
Thornless. What they may do elsewhere I say
not ; but here they are worthless. The former
is execrably bitter— a good substitute for quinine
in taste— and neither crystal nor white. The lat-
ter is small, and though less bitter than the other,
is of poor quality, and not worth the handlino-.

this vicinity, who know the (lualities of a good
' Strawberry. The plant is immense ; foliagft
very dark green and at present writing (July
I 15th), shows no sign of sunburning ; so common
I in most varieties. It is very productive. Tlie.
I fruit stems are large and stout, and generally
have on fifteen to eighteen berries. The benien
are very large ; tar surpassing the Great Ameri-
can, when grown side by side. A fruit stem
I with five ripe berries, one measuring twelve and
a fourth inches in circumference, and weighing
; two and a half ounces ; and the other four from
the size of a hickory luit to that of a walnut were
placed in alcohol and sent from Berwick in this
: count}', to the Paris Exhiliition. Berries six in-
ches in circumference, and weighing one ouncb
I have been very common. They are very large
I to the last. My last picking, four quarts, con-
j tained three one ounce berries. The color ia
j bright cherry red, smooth and waxy, resembling
I the Jucunda. Flesh solid, firm, sweet and de-
licious. The berries, or young plants, are in-
clined to be irregular, and it is the only objec-
tion we could find to the Sharpless ; but even
this is hardly noticed the second year, when the
plant is loaded with fruit.

THE SHARPLESS SEEDLING.

J. L. DILLON, BLOOMSKUKG, PA.

A description for your columns of this valua-
ble new fruit the Sharpless Seedling Strawberry,
may not be amiss.

This berry was raised from mixed seed of the

.Jucunda, Charles Downing, Wilson and Colonel

Cheeny, by Mr. J. K. Sharpless. From the first

fruiting, it has attracted the attention of all in

THE DWARF JU^JE BERRY.

BY B. J. SMITH, CAMBRIDGE, MASS.

If this hasty note is of any use, it is at your
service : •

Saturday last, July 13th and 20th — the writer
exhibited at weekly exhibitions of Massachu-
setts Horticultural Society, fruit of Amelanchier
Canedensis, oblongillorum, (Torrey & Gray),
June Berry. I obtained the plants some
six or seven years ago in Davenport, Iowa, sinco
which time have grown them in my garden.
July 20th, Massachusetts HortiL-ultural Society,
awarded me their Silver Medal for the introduc-
tion of this fruit into Massachusetts. The fruit
was tested by a large number of ladies and gen-
tlemen and pronounced excellent qualilty. In
our garden it succeeds admirably, bears pro-
fusely; very attractive in blossom, foliage and
fruit; flavor mild; rich sub-acid; ver}' good
eaten raw or cooked, and certainly promises
well to be an acquisition to our collection of
small fruits ; it must be perfectly ripe to be
appreciated. It is more attractive to birds than
any of the small fruits ; hence the importance
of guarding it from their ravages; this I have
done by the use of a coui)le of rather formidable
scare-crows and by changing their positions two

1878.1

AND HORTICULTURIST.

307

or three times a clay ; if allowed to remain long
in the same place the birds become accustomed
to them and they are useless. I succeeded in
seeming; the fruit in excellent condition.

ALEXANDER, AMSDEN'S JUNE, AND EARLY
BEATRICE PEACHES.

BY R. J. BLACK, BREMKX, FAIRFIELD, CO., O.

The first two are ripening now, July 4th,
They began June 28tli. Early Beatrice is fol-
lowing close, but is behind; and it is much
more behind the former two in size and attrac-
tiveness, than in time of ripening. We relin-
quish it without regret, since we have Alexan-
der, and Amsden's June. We cannot do with-
out either of these, though they are very much
alike, both in tree and fruit. Glands globose,
and flowers large ; the same in both. Alexan-
der has probably somewhat the advantage in
size, while Anisden may be the greater bearer.
Not that Alexander is at fault in this latter re-
spect ; but Amsden is a profuse bearer, requir-
ing thinning. Yet in another season this ma}'
be reversed. Both are of good size, very at-
tractive, and of " very good" quality. They
are from original som'ces, and undoubtedly true
to name.

For latitude SO"^ 40', fine ripe Peaches the first
week in July is certainly a long step in advance
of twenty-five years ago, when the writer had
fairly begun to collect fruits.

CULTJVATIOM OF THE STRAWBERRY,

BY V. BARRY.

To rultivate the Strawberry for family use, we
recommend planting in beds four feet wide, with
an alley two feet wide between. These beds will
accommodate three rows of plants, Avhich may
stand fifteen inches apart each way, and the out-
side row nine inches from the alley. These beds
can be kept clean, and the fruit can be gathered
from them without setting the feet upon them.
We find from experience that no more conven-
ient mode can be adopted than this. The ground
should be well prepared by trenclnng or plowing
at least eighteen to twenty inches deep, and be
properly enriched as for any garden crop.

The season for planting depends upon circum-
stances. It may be done with safety from the
time the plants begin to grow in the Spring, un- 1
til they are in blossom. And again in the Fall
from the time the young plants are sufficiently |
rooted, until the freezing of the ground. It is ;
well, however, to plant at a time when the plants

will at once commence growing. If in warm,
dry, weather, as August or September, it is
necessary to water the ground thoroughly be-
fore planting, and then to shade the plants until
they have begun to root. The culture subse-
quent to planting consists in keeping the ground
among the plants clear of weeds, and frequently
stirred with a hoe or fork, to keep the runners
closely pinched until after the fruit is gathered;
and to mulch the ground among the plants be-
fore the fruit begins to ripen, with two inches
deep of cut straw or short grass mowings from
the lawn, or any thing of that sort, to keep the
fruit clean and the ground from ch-ying. In ex-
posed situations or where the winters are severe,
with little snow for protection, a slight covering
of leaves or litter will be of great service. This
can be raked off and the beds di-essed at the open-
ing of the growing season. Abed managed in
this way will give two full crops, and should
then be spaded down, a new one having been in
the meantime prepared to take its place.

For field culture, the same directions with re-
gard to soil, time of planting, mulching, as given
above for garden culture are applicable when
planting on a large scale. We usually plant in
rows three feet apart and the plants a foot to a foot
and a half apart in the row. In this case most
of the labor is performed with horse and culti-
vator.

THE DYEHOUSE CHERRY.

BY R. J. BLACK, BRE31£2s, OHIO.

I In my short note, at foot of page 240, August
number, which you kindly copy, the second
word should be send instead of " saw ;" and
at the top of next page (241) second line, the
word " kind" should be pit. The sentence will
then read : " You will notice the pit isvery small,
exceeding even Shannon in this respect." The
fruit itself is of medium size. I observe that
another competent authority, " Notes from the
Pines " [American AtjricuUvrist, August, 1878,
page 302, 1st column), is also well pleased with
the fruit, considering it superior to " Early
Richmond," than which it is '* a week or ten
days earlier." His young trees, received sev-
eral years ago from " a gentleman in Tennes-
see " and not "' six or eight feet high, were
fiiirly filled " with the fruit. The success of this
fine Morello in Eastern New York, Central Ohio,
Kentucky and Tennessee, is certainly notc-
worthv.

308

TEE GARDES t:il\s AKkS'TJILV

[October,

MALACOTON PEACHES. ] condants orossod tbc Atlantic and took their

BY JiDGK w. w. now i:. m:u- (iki.kans. ; place in the ixardcns of North America as a f;v-

The T.ake of Canatidais-na. in western Now ^'^^'^^^ '"'■"''•
York, is famous not, oiilv for its heaulv, hut for ' Amonji tliese Peiiches at tlie J'oint is a variety
ite historical association. The n-ion in which ^vhose name is sufrpestive of this long descent,
it lies was once the home of the Senecas. the ^^ >« ^'^l'^^'' ^'^^ Malaratune, and according to
mostnumeronsandpowerful trihe of tlu^ Iroquois j Wchster tiiis spellino: is permissible. Some of
confederacy. One of their favorite council 1 "^^ ''^••"^^••« ^''^'^ '♦^^=»1^'"^*^"'"- 'i"'^ '" ^^» 'loini:.
-rounds wa.s the tine declivity which slopes down , ^*<''"^ nonror, I thmk. to the real ori-in of the
to the foot of the lake from the northwest, and "•■^™*^- '"^^^^^ botanists call it Melocoton, and tell
which is now the site of a handsome town, "s, witli an appearence of learning, that the name

As early as lO^G the Jesuit, Chaumonot, visited
the Senecas as a delegate, from the Onondaga
mission, and wondered at the beauty of the
country, the multitude of wild pigeons and rattle-
snakes, and the abundance of tish for fast days,

is derived from the Italian Alclocotogno, or
Quince-tree, and that, in turn, from the Latin
Malum Cotoniune, or Malum ("ydoniuin, to wit:
the Apple of ("ydonia in Crete. They might have
added that the (Cretans were proverbially insic-

and of venison for days of feasting. In 1678 La , '^"^^^^ ^" ^^^i'' statements, and that perhaps this
Motte and Hennepin, sent forward from Kings. ^'^'•^^1 pedigree was a little doubtful,
ton to Niagara, by La Salle, visited the same

Now this Malkatoon Peach is very handsome.

tribe, at a place now called Victor, but a few ^'^«" ^^'^ P^^^' ^=^i^ ^^^"S love.

., r- ii . 1 1 1 ii i T -i H<r ilipck is like :i Cathririfr I'i'ar,

miles from the lake, and met there two Jesuits , The sidcthat's n.xt thesun,

from Canada, one named RaflSex the other ■ he might just as well have used the Peach in
Julien Garnier. Passing last summer on a point ' question to illustrate the beauty of a brunette,
of land which projects into the lake, about three in so lovely a manner are red and brown min-
miles from its head, I was natural!}' struck with glcd in its coloring.

the changes which had occurred since the early I desire to offer another theory in regard to
days when Chaumonot and Hennepin explored i the derivation of its curious name, a derivation
or visited that region. The Iroquois were gone, j which comports extremely well with the history
So far as the casual observer could determine, i of the fruit, coming as it has from those moun-
there was not a trace of them left, except what tains, valleys and talkie lands of Central Asia,
is to be found in the nomenclature of lake, The recognized founder of the Ottoman Em-
hill or river. Their place is supjilied by another pire was Othman or Osman, the son of Ertoghoul.
ra<'e. The inhabitants of the neighborhood and It is after him that the Turks call themselves
the visitors at the point were descendants of Osmanlis, the only national name they recog-
Gerraans, Anglo-Saxons and Gauls. The ani- nize. In the year 1288 he succeeded his father
mals wei-e the descendants of immigrants. The as the chief of his r.ace. He is sometimes
horses were derived from P^ngland or Nor- calif d the first of the sultans, but neither he nor
mandy, the cattle from Durham, Devonshire or ; his two immediate successors ever assumed that
Holland, the poultry from China. There were title. He was an independent emir, reigning
two dogs, one of whom traced his lineage to the i over a principality in Asia Minor, correspond-
Islc of Skye ami the other to the Monastery of ' ing at first with the ancient '" Phrygia Epecte-
St. Bernard. I tos," but greatly extended during his life of war

The very trees and flowers were chiefly of ! and conquest. His name being translated, signi-
foreisu descent. Not, to be sure, the great Elm, | ties Bone Breaker and Royal Vulture, and he justi-
which is the chief glory of the place, nor the j tied its cheerful meaning by many naughty deeds.
Limes which, :is in the days of Virgil, attracted j It seems that when Othman was young, a
the industrious bee, nor the maple that stands j pious and learned shiek, named Edebali came
above the upper boat-house. But far more 1 to live at Itbom'ouni, a village near Eskircheed.
numerous the Apple tree came from Kent, most ; The young emir used often to visit this holy
likely ; and so did the Cherries, the Plums, and I man, doubtless to talk theology, and after a
Pears from France ; and the Peaches — it is said ' time he discovered that the .saintly shiek had a
they came from Persia, with the Aryan race, fair daughter. In a moment Othman fell in
following in the pathways of discovery, of con- love, and prayed for that daughter's hand. The
quest and of civilization, until at last their des- •■ holy father, prudently thinking that the station

1878.

AND HORTICULTURIST.

'■Wi

of the young prince was too high for that of the
maiden, refiLsed liis consent, and Othraan was
plunged into the deepest dejection. The Bone
Breaker was like to break his heart. Seeking
to console himself in the society of his neigh-
bors, he described tlie charms of the young wo-
man so eloquently that one of his princely com-
panions, the chief of Eskircheed, fell in love
with her himself on mere hearsay, and demand-
ed her hand from the father.

Tliis was also refused, and so alarmed did the
old shiek become at these importunities that he
quietly removed from the neighborhood.

The chief of Eskircheed and Othman were
sworn rivals, and hated each other in good old
fashioned style. One day while Othman was
visiting at the castle of a friend, his rival sud-
denly appeared with a considerable force and
demanded his surrender ; but while the parley
was going on, Othman and his brother, with a
few companions made a sudden sally, and with
such success that he drove the enemy from the
field.

He had not yet seen the maiden of his heart.
For ten years longer he pined without avail, but
at last, while visiting at the old sheik's house,
(for the old man, though he denied his daughter,
could not refuse an Oriental hospitality) Othman
dreamed a di'eam. -

He saw the full moon, typical of the maiden's
face, rise from the father's breast and sink upon
his own. From it sprang a might}' tree, which
overshadowed all that portion of the world.
The Crescent shone through its branches, and un-
derneath was many a goodly city with minarets,
whereupon orthodox Muezzins called the faithful
to prayer. Every leaf of this tree was shaped
like a scimetar, and at last there came a mighty
wind, which turned their points straight towards
Constantinople. That city, placed at the junction
of two seas and two continents, seemed to the
di-eamer like a cUamond, set between two sap-
phires and two (emeralds, to form the most pre-
cious stone in the ring of universal empire. As
he was about to place this ring upon his finger,
be awoke.

Of com-se, this dream did the business. There
was no resisting a candidate for matrimony who
could see such visions as that. The pious sheik
gave his consent, the maiden gave hers, and
Othman was married. His fair wife bore him
two sons, Oiclean, his successor, and Aladdin,
the celebrated vizier. Her grandson was Anui-
rath the first.

Othman lies bm-ied at Brusa. His banner and
Ills terrible saber are preserved among the regalia
of the empire, the girchng of that saber on a new
sultan being the equivalent of a coronation. His
character was fierce, his conquests bloody ; but
around the story of his life, like a wild rose
springing from the battle-field, will ever bloom
the episode of the fair woman whom he wooed
with so much devotion and to whom he was as
faithful as any Turk could be.

Perhaps you think we have wandered rather
far from the Peach-orchard on Canandaigua
Lake. Not so very far. The name of the maiden
whom Othman married was Mahlkatoon. It
signified Treasure of a Woman. So sweet and
beautiful, would it be sui-prising if her name was
given to one of the fairest of the Peaches that
grew on her native hills, and that the fai-mers
of Western Kew York, when they praise the
Mahlkatoon Peach, are unconsciously celebrat-
ing the memory of Othman's bride, and perpetu-
ating the fame of Amurath's grand-mother?

TINIE TO BUD THE PEACH.

BY CHAS. BLACK, UIGHTSTOWX, N. J.

After many years' experience in budding the
Peach and having had the charge of the budding
of millions, I find that early budding invariably
does the best, say from August 1st, until Septem-
ber 1st. Many suppose that if budded too early
they will start to grow, but the percentage is so
small that it amounts to nothing. If only a few
are to be budded, the best time is about the 10th
to 15th of August, but when there are large
quantities, it is best by far to begin as soon as
the trees are large enough, if it is in .July, tlian to
put ofl'too late. When cold nights commence in
September, the sap is checked, and when ti*ees
are on sandy soil especially, they soon stop
I growth ; and if buds unite they do not start as
I well or vigorous in the Spring. There ari' many
i thousand trees lost by late budding, ;md those
I not already done, should be done in the next ten
i days if they are expected to do well. There are
' exceptional seasons, but this has been my ex-
I perience in the last fifteen years.

EDITORIAL NO'IHS.

Late Stkwbkkkie.s. — F. F. 3Iercerou, of
Catawissa, thinks he can make Strawberries
tluit usually bear in June put otV the matter till
July. This st-ason te the first year of his exi)eri-

;no

Till-: GARDENER'S MONTH LV

[ October^

ment. and ho n'uards the results as promising.
He h:»d <roo(l fniit in July.

Ckksckxt Skki>ling Strawiu:i!I{v. — The
(?rcM-on( St'cdlin^ ori;^ina(od with AVilliiun Par-
inelce, X»?\v Ilavon, Conneclicul, in 1.S70.

CoDLiNf; Moth Destkoyers. — Mr. P. IT.
Foster, Baliyhm, X. Y.,wrilos: "I think you
didnot underslandnivnioaniniTwhen T wrote you,
in the ,Vui;ust nuniher. I thou'^ht it an oiilrap;e
(oproiure a patent on .^ueh a manlier of capturing
the Ajjple worm. Smh mode I have practiced
for year.^. and have not been called upon to pay
royalty, and the same has been in print a
thousand times, and so far as the poisoning the
bands are concerned. I have used that mode in
1'877, and have thoroughly tested it the present
season, and have found in my experiments an
ehtire failure, as the worm does not appear to
swallow jifter it leaves the fruit;. The fact is,
our managers of the Patent Oflice must be want-
fng in general intelligence, when an individual
can obtain the exclusive use of any mode of
proceeding tliat has been in use as long as the
one in question, and obtain the legal right to
prosecute those who have used it for jears."

Fri'it i>' EuRorp;. — The Apple and Pear
crops have failed in England.

CuRCULio IN California. — A California
fruit grower says he believes the curculio has
not yet made its appearance in that State. The '
occasional failure of the Apricot is believed to I
!>e due to other causes.

Peaches in England.— In England Peaches ;
will only ripen their fruit when the trees are j
trained against a sunny wkll or fence. Great :
care and skill are required in this training, or |
tlie parts nearest the ground would be soon ;
bare of young wood, from which alone the
Peaches come. The branches are trained fan- \
fashion, and so directed by the trainer that
under no circumstances would one branch cross }
another, no matter how fiir they gre\v. The
following from the Garden gives an account of a
fine one so trained: I

"A Peach tree at Sunlnn-}' Park measures ,
tweniy-two by twenty-two feet, equal to 484 |
square feet. Suppose we allow an average of j
eight to a square foot, the result would be 3872, ^
or 322 dozen Peaches. An Elruge Xectarine in j
the same house covers 22-5 square feet, and \
carries 150 dozen splendid Xectarines. The trees
are about fourteen years old, and perfect speci- !
mens of good cultivation. In the same range

there are two larije vinorii>. the crops in which
arc equally good."

Pori'LAR Pennsylvania Apples. — The
Pennsylvania State Hoard of vVgriculture is doing
good work regardinu; tlie collection of statistics
of the State. Secretary Edge , in his July blankw,
called for information regarding what each re-
spondent would, from his own knowledge, regard
as the three ))est Api»ies of three seasons, not
particularly as market Iruit l)nt for personal use.
The following are the responses :

suMMKR. tjucfn, i'>t N. Spy, 7i<

K. liar vast, 102 Falliiwiiter, 'A Sniitir'i (iilfr, 4'J

Itcrl Astrai'lian, )'i4 (iravcnstciii, is Rkx. Itii^scU, 4t>

HoukIj, '»0 York Iinpeiial, in KingofTlionipk.

Townscnd, IS Wine Sap, s County, 40

Jiononi, 10 Doctor, 0 Scolc-no-further, 38

Pousc, r> Strawl)erry, H Konianilu, 18

Red Streak, fi Vanclcvor, r> Swaar, 8

Caleb, 4 Porter, 0 Spitzonberg, 8

FAM,. Fameuse, 4 IJen I>avis, 4

Maiden's? Blusli, 104 wintkr. Newtown Pippin, 4

Siiii)kc House, 94 Baldwin, US Hidgr Pippin, 4

I P.anibo, 70 R. 1. Cireeninp;, 9« Rome K«'auty, 4

These lists are extremely useful. They do not,
of ('ourse, show that the most popular kinds, as
shown by the number of votes are the best. Per-
haps hundreds of those voting for Early Harvest,
Maiden's Blush, or Baldwin, never heard of
Fameuse, Ben Davis, or Ridge Pippin, and those
or some others might, perhaps, lie as good as
the best. But if one wants to plant something
that is prett}' good, and is willing to risk their
not being perhaps the very best, he will not go
far wrong in taking up with the popular favorites.

NEW OR RARE ERUITS
AND VEGETABLES.

New Foreign Grape, •■Welcome." — Mr.
James Ricketts, Newberg, X. Y., writes: "I
send you, this day, by express, pre-paid, one
bunch of mj- new exotic seedling Grape, Wel-
come, so named by the Examining Committee
of the American Pomological Society', last year,
in Baltimore. It is a seedling of the Pope Ham-
burgh, fertilized by the common Hall Muscat.
A good setter and splendid growth, foilage like
Hamliurg. I will send you a few srapes of the old
Black Hamburg, for comparison, that was raised
in the same house. I think it outranks any of
the old varieties for flavor. If you can get any
of the different kinds I wish you would make a
comparison. I will send you one of the vines
this Fall for trial. The fruit I senjl have been
ripe over one month in a house.

1878.1

AND HORTICULTURIST.

311

[The Black Hamburg Grape sent for compari-
son was a very poor specimen of that variety.
Fortunately, Mr. Rickett's new seedling does not
need comparison, having positive merits of its
own. We have rarely tasted a foreign Grape
with more honeyed sweetness. The berries arc
in size about as the Black Hamburg, and the
bunch is wide at the top, tapering rather sud-
denly to a long slender point. The berries are
rather loose on the bunch. So far as the charac-
ter of the fruit is concerned, it may be regarded
as a valuable addition to our meagre list of first-
class vinery Grapes.

Sallie "Worrell Peach. — From C. W.
Westbrook, Wilson, N. C. This came to hand
in excellent order, on August 10th. They were
medium size, Avhite flesh, small freestone, very
juicy, and of an agreeable flavor. Mr. W. says
that the fruit generally reaches fourteen inches
in ciiTumference, and that twelve inches is its
general size. It is regarded by good judges as
the finest flavored Peach in the Carolinas. It
was found on the ground of Mrs. S. Worrell, near
Wilson, N. C. It is impossible to speak of the
absolute merits of a Peach from a sample of the
fruit alone. It appears to us to warrant all the
goad things Mr. W. says of it.

SCRAPS AND QUERIES.

Clapp's Pears. — The article on the Past
Century of Pomology was made up from the
entry book of the Centennial, in which "J.
Clapp " is recorded in connection with the seed-
ling Pear. But a correspondent writes it should
have been " F. and L. Clapp."

Stka-wberry Leaf Insect. — C. J.B., South
Fraraingham, Mass., writes : " An insect, new
to me, has been very destructive among my
Strawberry plants, in one place having nearly
killed a three-foot strip of vines which were
thrifty and vigorous at the time of bearing.
They have seriously, injured the new runners.
Being inconspicuous, and working on the under
side of the leaves, their presence was not sus-
pected until the mischief, which is rapidly
effected, was done. The insect is a beetle, an
eighth of an inch in length, varying in color
from dark brown to jet black, the latter pre-
dominating. Unlike the little turnip beetle or
fly, they do not actively attempt to escape. To-
morrow I am going to apply Paris green to

some of the plants to see how they will bear it,
in order to protect myself, if possible, next sea-
son. I find that caution is necessary in the use
of that poison, as an over-dose killed some of
my ten weeks' Stocks and also Mignionette.
Have you ever been troubled bj- this pest ? Can
you tell me of a remedy ? I enclose two leaves
which show the ravages. The insects, after
having done their work, are gone, therefore I
cannot send you a specimen. I send you, how-
ever, the figure."

[This may be one of the beetles of which we
have read as being destructive to Strawberry
leaves, but these are the first specimens of their
work that we have seen. The leaves are skele-
tonized as in the case of Elm leaves, with which
most tree growers are familiar. — Ed. G. M.]

Grapes and Graperies. — E. H. H., East-
hampton, writes: "Please to tell me the treat-
ment of grapery after bearing. Shall I simply
give plenty of air? Shall I allow the ground to
di-y ? Shall I continue to pinch back the shoots ?
Will it be injurious to the Grape vines to use
the grapery for flowering plants like Carnations,
at a low temperature? In that case, would it
do to leave the vines in position? They are too
old and stiff to put under a bench, have been
usually cut loose and allowed to hang, but would
be then in the way if I use for flowers. What
is the best and most practical book of Grapes
under class? I have Downing's Fruit Culture,
and supplement to' Henderson's Floriculture,
good enough but not complete enough. Sent
for Fuller's but it proves to be devoted wholly
to native Grape. Which author on Roses is best
for one who wants a practical treatise ? don't
care for a historical. Cm- library has scarcely
any books of horticulture. If you will answer
any or all the above questions you will confer a
«reat favor on a constant reader of the Gar-
dener's Monthly. "

[1. Chorlton's Grape Grower's Guide will prob-
ably give you all the information you need on
these matters. It is not usual to pinch back
much after the fruit has matured, but the whole
is left to mature, and all pruning left till the
leaves are ripe. Strong, for Roses.

2. Some persons could succeed in growing
flowers and Grapes in the way you desire, but it
is wholly a matter for local decision. Unless
one has already had some experience, the first
attempts would probably not be ranked as a
complete success.

The best course for our correspondent would

312

THE OARDENEIVS MONTULV

[October,.

be to try on a small scale at first, and watcli the j that while n few succeed with flowers and (jra[)or»
results, lie would learn fronj this in what di- in tiie one house, the majority regard it witli
rectiou to extend lus field. All we can say is i disfavor. — Ed. G. M.]

Forestry.

COMMUNICA TIONS.

THE VARIETIES OF CATALPA,

BY E. E. HARNEY, DAYTON, OHIO.

The Monthly has so extensive a circulation,
and its editor is .such hi<^h authority, on all mat-
ters pertaining to Forestry, that I fear a wrong
impression may be made by his answer, in the
August number, to an inquiry as to the relative
merits of the early and late blooming Catalpa.
While it is true that there is but one species of
Catalpa native to IN'orth America, it is equally
true that there are two distinct varieties, having
clearly marked and well defined characteristics.
There is a difterence only, of from one to six
days, in time of blooming of trees of each var-
iety, iu the same locality, dependent on soil
and exposiu-e, yet, there is fully three weeks
difference in avei'age time of blooming of the
two varieties.

This year, the early was iu full bloom in
Dayton, Ohio, June 4th, the late blooming
June 25th to July 1st. In Columbus, Ohio, and
Terre Haute, Indiana, on the same line of lati-
tude as Dayton, each variety was in bloom at
the same time and with the same difference in
time. In Ullin, Pulaski County, Illinois,
twelve miles north of Cairo, the early blooming
May 15th, the late blooming June 5th. Both
varieties are native Forest trees there. Arthur
Bryant, of Princeton, Illinois, has the early var-
iety, grown from seed gathered at New Madi'id
on Mississippi river in 1839, — trees now two and
a half feet in diameter, — that blooms fully three
weeks earlier than the common variety in same
vicinity. Suel Foster, of Muscatine, Iowa, has
trees of both varieties blooming fully three
weeks apart. Dr. John A. Warder, oif North
Bend, Ohio, has both varieties, that are thi-ee
weeks apart in time of blooming. John C.
Teas, of Carthage, Missouri, and Robert Douglas
& Sons, of Waukegan, Illinois, have trees of
both varieties, blooming three weeks apart.
This list might be increased to hundreds. Dr.
Job Haines introduced the eaily variety into

this vicinity, from seed gathered IVoui two n--
markably fine trees he found growing two mile^
south of Dayton. Soon its merits began to bt^
known and appreciated, and its marked differ-
ence from the common variety pointed out.
Dr. John A. Warder and John C. Teas, from it-;
.superior beauty, named the early variety,
Speciosa. Subsequently, Suel Foster discovered
that it would resist severe frosts, much more
than the common variety : up to and eveii
beyond 42*^ north latitude, its minutest twign.
remained uninjured, at a temperature fatal t'^
the common variety. We therefore named it
the Hardy.

When quite young, the Speciosa h;vs light col-
ored bark, as it grows older, the bark gradually
darkens, the outer coat thickens, becoming
seamed, furrowed, rough, and dark colored,
resembling somewhat Elm or Blax^k Locust of
the same age. When planted singly for shadf
or ornament, it generally grows tall, straight,
with a compact top, and is altogether a shapely
handsome tree ; the fiowers whiter and larger
than the common ; the seed pods, fewer bu;.
longer and larger.

The later blooming or common variety, and
the only one described in the books so far as J
know, when quite young, is dark colored, has a.
light bloom on the bark, that readily rubs off.
As the tree grows older, the bark becomtw
lighter colored. The outer coat is thin , compara-
tively smooth, and iu small scales or flakes.
When planted singly, the common variety \>
often leaning, crooked, scragly, scarred in some
places, and rotten in others, unsightly, unthrifty,
and misshapen. Yet there are some very hand-
some trees of this variety on our streets and iu
our yards. Young trees of this variety, even in
latitude 40°, are liable to be killed do^vu by
very cold weather. The severe Winters of
1876-7, killed 2000 young trees of the common
variety in this vicinity. They were cut down to
the ground in the Spring, and transplanted.
They shot up a straight stalk, and grew finely
last season. They are growing vigoroasly this

1878.1

AND EOETICULTURIST.

313

season, aud will probably resist the cold Win-
ters of this latitude hereafter. When planted
further north, the outer limbs of old trees are
liable to be killed by the frosts.

When planted in groves, four feet apart each
way, the common Catalpa seems to grow erect,
tall, and well shaped. There is, seven miles
south of Dayton, a handsome grove of Catalpa
of the common variety, twelve years fi'om the
seed, that are over thirty feet high, and four to
eight inches in diameter two feet from the
ground. The trees are erect, thrifty and hand-
some.

The remarks of the editor, in the ai'ticle re-
ferred to, in regard to cutting down young j
Catalpa trees to the gromid, after two or even I
three years growth, are very important, and j
should be carefully noted by all wishing to grow
fine trees of either variety. !

For shade or ornament, I would certainly I
plant Speciosa. For groves north of 40", I j
would plant Speciosa. South of that I am not
certain •, but hope to gather such information,
within the next four months, as will enable me
to determine. In tne meantime, I shall be un-
der very great obligation to any one, having any
facts or information, pertaining to the Catalpa,
if they will communicate them to me at Dayton,
Ohio.

[The bark of the two forms are very different ;
we are much obliged to Mr. B. for the oppor-
tunity of seeing the specimens. There is no
doubt about there being two distinct varieties.

The point of oiu* former remarks was in re-
lation to a prevailing impression that the
smooth barked form was not hardy. It is really
one of the hardiest of the indigenous trees of
Pennsylvania. It is quite possible, as Mr. B.
points out, that the rough barked variety has
some special merit ; but this Ls a matter for
actual testing, and cannot be improved by
urging that its neighbor, which we have all of
us known to be so good, is all at once worthless.
If we are not mistaken, the writer of tliis re-
cently saw some noble Catalpa trees of the
smooth barked variety, at Rochester, New York,
and surely a tree which does well in that climate,
deserves to be called " Hardy," as well as its
rougher barked neighbor. It is possible there
may be some situations better adapted to one
form than the other ; all this is a matter for ex-
periment ; but that a tree which has for hun-
dreds of years ])een a hardy denizen of our
Northern forests, should all at once be thoudit

" too tender for a timber tree " is absm'd. Mr.
Barney's paper gives the exact facts, and is just
to the point. — Ed. G. M.]

EDITORIAL NOJ^ES.

The Red Wood in Australia.— While Cali-
fornians are hankering after the Eucalyptus, the
South Sea Islanders are said to be making ex-
tensive plantations of the Red-Wood, of Cali-
fornia,— Taxodium sempervirens.

American Forestry. — The London Journal
of Forestry thinks that the work recently
compiled by Dr. F. B. Hough, is a marked com-
pliment to British foresters in this that he has
copied " so largely from British works on fores-
try and the experience of British foresters " — and
it has just reason to be proud. It is to be hoped
some day, American experience may claim the
same compliment in some work devoted to prac-
tical American forestiy. There is an immense
amount of useful experience in America, run-
ning over a hundred years back awaiting some
friendly hand to take advantage of.

In contrast the Nebraska Farma- thinks
it is time to ask something about " American
Forestry, now that Dr. Hough is to visit Europe
at an expense of $6,000, in order to teach Ameri-
cans how to plant forest trees. Nebraska and
Kansas can communicate more practical infor-
mation on that subject, free of charge, than Dr.
Hough will learn and communicate in a life-
time."

With which we quite agree. We very much
doubt whether Dr. Hough or any other gentle-
man, however excellent, can tell us more than
the many complete works on Em-opean forestry
already tell us ; while on the other hand the
actual facts of growth, the adaptation of soils
I and climate to special kinds, and hundreds
1 of other practical points that we want to
i know, can only be learned by seeing Avhat has
been actually done in our own country. An
American " Forester " would learn more by a
visit to American nm'series, and American For-
estry plantations in six months, than he could
by plodding over Europe all his life-time. We
do not dispute that there may be some profit in
the end of such a visit, but it is a beginning at
the wrong end.

The Red Pine. — A correspondent of the
Michigan Fanner, thus writes of this Pine.
There is not much demand for this tree, in the

PA 4

Tin: <;Mn>i:si:irs mum'iii.y

[October^

nursery trade ; yot wc know of a few procrcssivo
nurserynion Avlio would gladly try what sort of
an ornainoiifal tree it would iii:ik(> iftlu-yoould
get auy one in tlio districis win re IIh'V lti'ow to
<'oll('ot a iilllc s(>od : but so lar. none of (luni
liavL' succeeded in trcttiuix any. This is what the
Afichi'^an cdrrospondfnl says :

"In this State when- this troo is very com-
mon and sirows to <;roat perfection the lumber-
m»'n nearly all call it Xorway pine. This is an
unfortunate name, as it does not grow in Kor-
way. It sometimes becomes a very tall, straight
tree, two iaci or more in diameter. The bai'k

is red and rather smooth, the leaves are about
five inches long, of a dark green color and borne
in bunches at the end of the braneh(!S. The
color of the IrnnU ,iim1 the Icaig leaves nnvke it it
tree of peculiar nppenrance. It is not very com-
mon in cultivation, probably because the nur-
serymen cannot easily get seeds. Young trees
taken from their native soil are very likely to
die. In my opinion it is a more beautiful tree
than the Scotch pine, and more beautiful than
many othei-s which are often used for ornamen-
tal purposes. Small specimens grow in the
Arboretum."

Natural History and Science.

COMMUNICA TIONS. '.

A MURDEROUS PLANT-DARLINCTONIA
CALIFORNICA.

RV.T. G. T.EMMOX, 'JO TUP: CALIFORNIA ACADEMY

OF SCIENCES.

C'oiK'liKhxl tVoin page '278.)
THE WATERS OF DEATH.

So of the Avatery fluid found in the lower
portion of the petioles at times. Only at a cer-
tain season— just at the opening of the months
above, may this phenomena be detected. The
main veins on the inside of the tubes may then
be seen gemmed from top to bottom with beads
of a Avater-like secretion, which linally becomes
so abundant as to flow down and form the wells
of death. "When the trap is favorably placed,
or the quantity of the insects is unusually large,
so that the gourmand gets his stomach full, or
when fed by hand to the top, slowly, with flesh
food, the fluid is secreted as demanded by the
necessities of the case, and soon fills the tube to
overflowing. Late in the season the water is
evaporated and only the skeletons, wings, legs,
etc., of insects remain— the bones of the carnal
feast. Again the arrangement and diflferent
altitudes of the leaves arc not at once observed
—and cannot be made out clearly from the usual
crowded specimens supplied to the herba-
riums of the world. Only young, vigorous,
solitary plants display the typical plan of growth
—a plan conformed to the wants, or rather, the

wicked designs of the Darlingtonia; and here we
I are brought round to the solution of the question
under particular description —

WHY THE TWISTING LEAVES?

First as to the facts. The leaves of matiu-e
rhizomes — the true Darlingtonia leaves — are
each twisted one half way round whatever the
; length, whether 0U4} half inch, or over three
feet. All the leaves on one plant turn one way,
but exactly half (according to repeated counts
by Mrs. Austin and myself,) have leaves turn-
ing one way and half the other. The four leaves
of the season rise successively to different eleva-
tions, the last in time, to the highest place. Each
turns half-round and holds oiit its flaunting lures
into space in a direction radiating from the
center or axis of the plant. The reason for
this twisting of the petiole must be to further
the design — the malicious animus of the whole
plant's history, to favor the catching of insects
coming from all quarters.

The less crafty-related Sarracenia and the in-
fant Darlingtonia leaf depend on gravitation
mainly, for their food, and their mouths border-
ed indeed with retrorse hairs open upward.
The full-grown, full-armed Darlingtonia, with its
added attractions of gay colors, fragrant odors
and delicious sweets, best compasses the whole-
sale captiu*e of insects necessary to satiate its ra-
pacity by decoying them into a brilliantly lighted
chamber, over the ceiling of which are spread a
net-work of honeyed path-ways, bordered, how-

t?78.1

AND HORTICULTURIST.

315

ever, and ultimately shut out b}' hedges of short
■s'tifF hairs that topple the victim from his foot-
ing. A higli rim prevents return by the aperture.
A lonir portion of the inner side of the tube,
commt'neing just on a levelwith the edge of the
orifice, is smooth as glass, so vainl}- the poor
victim stretches his legs for rescuing aids to staj'
ijis descent. About half way down, long stilf
!l(>clined hairs begin to be met Avith, which give
away easily from above but close up behind,
and with multiplied numbers, as the struggling
victim nears the goal, pushes him down to the
rising flood, and crowds him beneath the silent,
foetid decomposing waters of oblivion.

THE CLIMAX OF CU^TXIJirG.

Now why the peculiar characteristics of the
Darlingtonia? Why would not less elaborate
machinery answer a-s well? Let us see : a tube
so capacious as to hold a half pint of insects,
the usual meal it seems of the Darlingtonia must
be very wide or very long. If wide, there would
be great expenditure of the saccharine secretion,
since it must surround the mouth and smear all the
approaches — an expenditure not to be incurred by
our economical plant. If long and prostrate, it
would be interfered with by other plants, also
would be in danger of visitation and robbery by
insect-loving animals. If upright and with mouth
upturned, it would be above the usual range of
insects, while its digesting tiuid would be
wfiakened by the reception of rain and dew ; but,
most of all, other plants are created and set to
work on tliis principle: The wonderful climate
and soil of California must be expected to pro-
duce a tinished insectivorous plant, witli all
possible improvements; hence, the matchless
Darlingtonia, with its high-reared, inflated heads,
downward opening month, sugar-plum, winding
roads to lead foot travelers up ; ingeniousl}',
brilliant and honey-coated decoys to attract
flyers; and the enormous mustaches obviously
turned outward by twisted petioles to catch the
eye of distant voyagers in every direction ; no
feature of all the host is either accidental, use-
less or uninteresting.

[Tiie above fascinating and accurate descrip-
tion of this famous plant was read before the
California Academyof Sciences, February 18tli,
1878. We are glad to know that Prof. Lemmon
is now at work on a course of three lectures on
the conifers of California, and we are confident
that they will be of exceptional interest and ex-
cellence ; first, because of his full acquaintance
with his subjects in their habifats; nnd, second,

from his brilliant and vavicious style of express-
ing his facts and ideas. We hope these lectures
will l)e widely heard, not only on this cost, but
beyond the mountains. — P. Rural Press.\

THE "CURL" OF THE PEACH LEAF,
ASCOMYCES DEFORMANS.

nv W. II. SEAMAN, WASIIIXGTOX, I). C.

There are few cultivators of the Peach who
have not been annoyed by the disease known in
this countr}^ as the curl and in Europe as the
blister. About the time the leaves are fully
developed in Spring they begin to twist and
crimp and shrivel, either in whole or in part,
and when the disease is very bad an occasional
tree will lose almost the entire foliage — a second
crop of leaves usualh^ quickly replacing those
which are destroyed.

If an examination be made when the distoi*-
tions besiin to appear, they will often be found
infested with aphides, and a certain proportion
of curl in the leaf is undoubtedl}- caused by the
attacks of these insects. The injury they accom-
plish is usually very early in the season, and
they generally disappear entirely before the
disease has reached its maximum. The leaves
they attack often assume a reddish hue,, and
seem favorite places for the fungus named at
the head of this article, — which is the principal
cause of cm-1, — to commence its growth. It
is often difficult to say precisely how much is
due to tlie insect and how much to the fungus on
the leaves which have suflered from both, but as
the season advances the fungus assumes entire
possession of the field. Its spores lodge on the
surface of the leaf and immediately produce
small short-jointed and irregularly shaped
threads or mycelium that jienetrate the sub-
stance of the leaf, betw-een the cells of the
parenchyma, which is also stimulated to abnor-
mal growth, causing the thickening wrinkling
and ultimate blanching of the leaf, which are
the symptoms of the disease in question. For
some time nothing can be found on the surface
of the leaves, but at length a whitish filmy
mould may be seen in places b}- the naked eye,
which is a mat of fruit-bearing branches of the
mycelium in question, and slK)rtl,y after this is
produced the disease usually disappears.

The fruit is composed of small sacs terminat-
ing the short erect branches that rise from the
leaf; generally they contain eight transparent
spores, and the growth of the parasite is pro-
moted bv warm moist weather.

31G

THE (JARVEJ^EIC'S MuSTULy

[October,

There are several species of this i»enus of
funjji, all of which ai'c panusitic on liviiiu; plants.
Ascouiyces Ju^landis lives on "Walnuts, A. hnl-
latus attacts Pear loaves. The latter was de-
scribed and lii^ured in Vol. IX, Jvunnd Horti-
Lultuval Society, of London.

Peach curl seems to have been lirst alluded to j
by Berkeley in his Jntroduction to Cryptogamic
Botany, and named and liiriu'cd by him in his j
Outlines of British Fumjoloyy. It is also de-
scribed and fiirured by W. G. Smith in the Gar-
iiener^s CA?o7nWe of July, 1875; the dijuro must,
however, be considered rather as dia.t,a-amatic
:is regards our American form. Sraee, in My
Garden, copies Berkeley's ligures, but says he has 1
not been able to see the fungus, and believes !
'' the aphis is constantly present, and the fun- !
gus is but rarely so. However it may be in j
England, in this country the reverse is true, '
although it is often necessary to use chemical |
re-agents to detect the creeping mycelium in !
sections of the leaf before the fruiting branches
appear.

Except when trees are old or feeble, we have ;
rarely seen sufficient injury l)y Peach curl to
render serious efforts for its destruction advisa-
ble. Undoubtedly, if a remedy were indispen-
sable, it might be found in some of the prepa-
rations of sulphur applied by such methods as
are used in extirpating mildew from foreign
Grape vines.

ADVENTITIOUS BUDS IN THE BEECH TREE. {

BY B. F. L., PHILADELPniA.

Last Spring, Avhilst wandering through a forest , j
I came across a Beech tree a foot or eighteen
inches in diameter, which was ornamented as
usual with the alphabet in disorder. The let-
ters in this case had been cut unusually deep,
both the outer and inner bark having been cut
away to the wood beneath. Again, the letters
were very large, so that strips of the bark an
inch or two in width had been removed. When
I saw the tree, a year or two had probably
elapsed since the artist had completed his work,
nature during the intermediate season having
tried its hand at improving the angular work of
the knife. The outer bark, last Spring, was
precisely as when first cut, whilst the inner bark
had rounded out into a moulding, to use a term
familiar to the builder, all over the surface of
which buds had thickly started, in some places
looking like a mass of thorns, in others the
growth had been continued into short branches

which had finally died. Tiiih i^ :i ni nrd of prob-
aV)ly a not unusual circumstance, but I give it, eu^
it bears some relation to the following, wliich I
have Just noticed duriiiL'^ the j)ast week ai.
Atlantic City. N. J.:

The prevailing trees at this resort arc Willowh
and Poplai's, both members of the order Sali-
cacea?, wliich trees have been adopted for street
planting, after rejieated trials of other kinds, an
those best suited to the soil, &c. There; appears
also to be a native Willow, in addition to the one
introduced, which in habit is shrubby, and doe^
not grow to any considerable height. This Wil-
low is at this season punctured by an insect, the
incision doubtless reaching the inner bark, and
egss therein deposited, the result of which is the
growth of a dense mass of leaves or diminutive
bi'anches from the wound. These leaves are
all twisted and curled up, and the petioles of the
leaves or the stems, whichever it may be, grow
more or less together, so that they form a mass
of green wood in which the caterpillar, when it,
emerges from the 'egg, forms its very irregular
nest. Am I not right, Mr. Editor, in supposing
the cause and result similar in the two cases 'i*

[Not quite. The subject of form na produced
by the gall of an insect, and the result of the
insect's action in monstrous development, is
scarcely to l^e compared to the production of
buds and branches on parts of the steni where
none previoush- existed.

Critically, it wa.s not the ■'• inner bark ". which
our correspondent saw rounded out. New wood
had been made by germination from last year's
cells, and these new cells forming a new coat of
wood, had made its own coat of bark. In such
cases the new wood cells while making the new
bark will often make at the same time buds
capable of developing into branches, a fact
well-known to horticulturists engaged in propa-
gating from root cuttings, as also to foresters,
who often see in the Cottonwood and Horse
Chestnut especially, a " forest of shoots" spring
from between the old wood and bark of a recently
felled tree stump. — Ed. G. M.]

ASCLEPIAS CORNUTI.

BV .MISS M.

I have been watching with interest for some
days the visits of flies to the Asclepias Cornuti,
Decaisne, common Milkweed or Silkweed, the
house tly, a large greeii one, and another having
the appearance of a flying ant. They light on the
centre of the flowers, putting their probosces in

JS78.]

A ND HO R TIC UL T URIS T.

:U'

Kvery hood behind the horn. While doincj so, if '
not careful, the hind le,"- will cet caught in the !
slit between the hoods, and in the effort to i
extricate itself, the limb will often leave the leg
behind.

I was fortunate at last to see a fly, one of the
former (the two latter do not seem apparently
to have any such diflficulty, but light and fly
away at pleasure,) light and I'arry oft' a pair of
pollen masses attached to its leg. It visited
several flowers before I was successful in cap- '
tiu-ing it. The flitting from flower to floAver,
with the pollen, proves to my mind the man-
ner in which the plant is fertilized ; the slit is
an ingenious trap. The large green flies were i
Trtore numerous than the others.

I see that Dr. G. F. "Walters, of Boston, has \
found in the Juice of the Milkweed a remedy for

suppm-ating wounds. The time of healing varied
from twenty-fom- to thirty-six hours, but in each
instance new skin formed completely across.
The Doctor states that the only essential point
is to dry the wounded surface gently and tho-
roughh^ with blotting-paper before applying the
Milkweed juice. After the juice is applied, and
while the healing is in progress, a piece of blot-
ting-paper is used to cover the surface.

[The catching of flies, as referred to by our
correspondent, is alluded to by !N'uttall in one
of his works, written over fifty years ago, but
seems to have been forgotten. For what pur-
pose such traps are made is an interesting study.
Many Asclepiadaceous plants have the same
habit. Physianthus albens is a striking exam-
ple, quite large moths often being found hang-
ing from the flowers avS caught. — Ed. G. M.]

Literature, Travels \ Personal Notes.

EDIT^O RI AL NOTRS. largest commercial establishment, but also, it is

believed, the most extensive miscellaneous col-

MORITICULTURE IX Marylaxd, (concluded , lectiou of plants in the country, though of late
from page 285).— John Feast, the veteran florist, j years this has much diminished by his reduction

I of the area of his houses b}^ sales of ground be-
1 coming too valuable to be retained for its former
purposes.

He was not only an originator, as we have
seen, but a constant importer of new and valu-
■ able trees; and it is to his credit that his love for
I them was not limited by his desire to profit
I from their sale. Although ambitious to make
his collection as complete as possible, his novel-
1 ties as soon as propagated were willingly divided
: or exchanged, and we believe his enthusiasm,
i which continues imquenched, was far beyond
I the influence of mere money-making.
j John Feast is by birth English, having been
! born in Yorkshire. At the age of thirteen,
I showing a fondness for flowers, he was sent to
' Lord Yarborough's, then one of the finest places
1 in England, and at nineteen was given the charge
I of the Botanic Garden then owned by Miss
! Charlotte Pelham and devoted to the products
who is now (he oldest as well as still one of the ' of Flora. In 1823 he emigrated to the United
most enthusiastic lovers of plants in this commu- 1 States, joining his l)rother Samuel in business,
uity. Mr. Feast at onetime, had not only the . the connection continuing until 1830, when he

318

Tllh: aAliDENKlC\'< Mit.WIILV

{October^

reniovi'd to 295 Lexington street, Ihh present
establislinuMit. lie has been identified with all
tlie movenuMits in Baltimore to promote Ilorti-
cnltine, and nninerons pul)lic inslitnlions liavi-
had the biMielit of his hi-IpinLT hand. He was
one of the foniulers of tlie first Maryland Horti-
cultural Si)eiety 18:iU; assisted in reviving it
in 1851, and was active in the organization of
the present one in 1874. He took great interest
in the early success of the Maryland Institute,
and for many years was in its Board of Managers,
a number of its exhibitions having been arranged
by him with his characteristic ability to produce
pronounced effects from the materials at com-
mand.

He was charged with a similar Avork as super-
intendent in the decoration arrangement of the
household department of three successive agri-
cultural societies in this State.

Mr. Feast has from time to time contributed
to various publications, or read before scientific
societies, papers on botanical or horticultural
topics. For a number of years he contributed to
the American Farmer, a calender of monthly
operations in the flower garden and green house.
In L^GS Mr. Feast received carte blanche from
Gen. Capron,then United States Commissioner
of Agriculture, to purchase in Europe trees,
plants, cereals, &c., that would likely be ac-
quisilions in this country. In the performance
of the duty entrusted to him he visited England.
Belgium, Prussia, Germany and France, and
brought home a very valuable collection for the
Government, as well as many rare and curious
addiiions to his own stock.

In 18G9, having been elected to represent his
ward, the 13th, in the First Branch of the City
Council of Baltimore, he Avas made Chairman
of the Committee on Parks, in which caijacity
his technical knowledge and long experience
were duly availed of.

HoRTicULTUEE IX BALTIMORE. — Captain
Chas. II. Snow writes : " In an article in the Sep-
tember number of the Gardener's Monthly
I am credited with an article on Horticulture in
Maryland. The article in the American Farmer
was from the pen of the editor, Mr. "Wm. B.
Sands, the very efficient Secretary of the Horti-
cultural Society of Maryland. I read an article
before the Society on the advance of llorieulture
in the last fift}* years, and Mr. Sand's article was
written to show what pait Baltimore floricultu-
rists had taken in it.

"I see you have altered my spelling of 'Epiden-

dron.' I know that it is spelt Epidendrum, and
that spelling has become choice. It comes from
the Greek, epi, upon anddendron a tree, and takes
the sanu^ termination as Philodcndron, Leuea-
dendron and liiiodndcndron. I write this to
show you that 1 know what I was about wh(;n I
spelled it ' Kpidendron.' It is no use: to hit a
palpable error go on forever."

[Classically, our correspondent is right; but
botanical authors seem justified under certain
botanical canons in using Epidendrum.-ED.G.M.]

Ferns in their Homes and Ours. — Thi»
is the title of a work announced by Mr. John
Robinson, Professor of B(jtany to the Massachu-
setts Horticultural Society. The Ferns are. to
be printed in colors, and the price to be SI .50,

Clifton Park Gardens, Baltimore.—
Under a lease with the trustees of John Hop-
kin's University, the fruit and green-houses of
Clifton ^Park Gardens are to be worked by the.
gardener, Mr. Fowler, for his own use and bene-
tit. Mr. Fowler is one of the most intelligent,
gardeners in America, and his numerous friends
will wish him every success in his new ent(;r-
prise.

Dr. H. a. Savasey. — No doubt among the list
of five or six thousand deatlis from yellow fever^
will be found the names of many of our horti-
cultural friends. "N^'e have watched the lists so
far as their fragmentary character will allow, but
so far have seen only Dr. Swasey's name among
others. His death is a very severe loss to Ameri-
can horticulture, wliich he has served so long by
his able writings.

John Nicholas Haage. — This excellent l)o-
tanist and founder of the celebrated seed firm of
Ilaage & Schmidt, of Errfurt, recently made a
botanical excursion to Switzerland, where hit
fell from the rocks at Murren and was dashed t<»
pieces. Mr. Haage, when a young man, was a
student in the Royal Botanic Garden, Regent's
Park, at London, whi;n the writer of this first
made his acquaintance, and admired him for hi.t
zealous enthusiasm hi the cause of botany and.
horticulture; and there Ls perhaps no better
evidence of his strength of character than in the,
building up of the well-known and infiuentia!
firm of which he was the senior ])artn<!r.

PROFES.SOR Asa Gray.— C. W. Qui"? "• thft
London Garden, says: "'We are pleased to
learn that at the last meeting of the French
Academy of Science, held on July 29th, ProL "
Asa Grav, the well-known American botanist.

1878.

AND HORTICULTURIST,

319"

was elected corresponding member of the
botanical section of that learned body by thirty-
two votes out of forty. Mr. Charles Darwin, |
who was the other candidate, only polled five j
votes. Although, of course, we should have been |
glad if the honor had fallen on our own country- !
man, we most cordially congratulate Professor |
Asa Gray on the well-earned distinction con- 1
ferred on him, a sentiment in which we are per- >
fectly sure that his unsuccessful rival will join'
most heartily. It will be seen by this that if ;
one wants to consider the feelings of all, and
particularly those of M. Decaisne and the gen- :

tlemen who compose the French Academy of
Science, it is not well to do too much. Profes-
sor Gray, however, is also an indefatigable
worker in the cause of science."

[To the above we may add that here in America,
where iSlr. Darwin and his labors are highly
esteemed even by those who may not always
agree with his conclusion, it would have been a
source of gratification had Mr. Darwin been
elected, and we are sure this sentiment would
have been heartily shared in by Professor Asa,
Gray, worthy as he is himself of any honor the^
French Academy can bestow.. — Ed. G. M.]

Horticultural Societies.

EDITORIAL NOTES.

Massachusetts Horticultural Society.
— Elijidieth year of Col. Marshall P. Wilder. —
Col. Wilder's horticultural and agricultural
friends thought the eightieth birthday of this
distinguished patron of the art of cultivation, a
good occassion to celebrate, and met accordingly
in great numbers at The Parker House, Boston,
on the 21st of September, to do honor to it. It
was a grand success. Col. Wilder in response
to remarks by Alderman Chas. Breck, spoke as
follows :

" Mr. President : I thank you for your kind
expressions of respect, and you, my dear, dear
friends, for the very cordial reception yon have
given me. Nothing could be more grateful to
my feelings than these warm demonstrations of
friendship and regard, coming, as they do from
those who have known me for many years, and
are conversant with my many frailties and faults.
Yes, the wheels of time move on and tell the
story of our by-gone-days ; and if I live to see
the opening of another Sabbath morn I shall
have passed the bounds of fourscore years. Most
devoutly would I render thanks to the Giver of
all good that he has prolonged my life, and tliat
I am able to be here with you on this joyous oc-
casion— here in the presence of my beloved pas-
tor, who for thirty years has been my spiritual
adviser — here with so many kind friends and co-
laborers, with whom I have taken sweet counsel
these many years — here to receive your friendly

salutations and, perhaps for the last time, to en-
joy the sweet melody of your voices and breathe
in the still sweeter consolation which arises like
incense from off" the altar of sympathizing souls.
When we reflect upon our past labors,our thoughts
naturally revert to the Massachusetts Horticul-
tural Society, whose fiftieth annual exhibition
has just closed, and for which you, Mr. President,-
and your good father have done so much. Well
do I remember its first exhibition in the old Ex-
j change Coffee House in this city. Well do I re-
I member the scene, with its two small side tables
and one at the head of the hall. Well do I re-
collect the contribution of fruits when Robert
Manning, the great pomologist of America, con-
tributed only two baskets of fruit, and the subse-
quent growth of his enterprise, when lie donated
many hundred varieties, and afterwards had in
the Pomological' Garden at Salem 2000 varieties
of fruit trees. Thank God, his son, bearing his
own name, is with us to-day. Well do 1 remem-
ber the dinner at which sixty gentlemen partici-
pated, and the speeches which succeeded it. The
scene is before me now. There sat at the head
of the tal)le the eloquent Dearborn ; there on liis
right and left sat His Honor, Lieutenant-Gover-
nor Thos. L. Wintlu-op (father of our beloved
Hon. Robert C. Winthrop), and' His Honor the
then Mayor of the city, Harrison Gray Otis, and
the accomplished statesman and orator, Daniel
Webster of immortal fame. [Applause.] There,
too, were Hon. John C. Gray, vice-president,
Dr. Jacob Bigelow, corresponding secretary of

320

THE GARDENEIVS MONTHLY

[October^

the society, and John B. Russell, all of whom ;
still survive ; and here to-day, nujch to oiu* joy, :
are the brothers Ilovey, who were present on that
occasion. Well do T renienihcr the toast of Gen- i
eral Dearborn — "lntellit:;ence and industry, the ,
only true promoters of the public good" — a sen-
timent which deserves to be Avritten in letters of !
living gold. I thank you, Mr. President, for your
kind allusion (o me as one who ha.s done something
to promote the interests and welfare of my fellow- '
men. My friends, I have lived to see great pro-
gress and improvement in the agriculture and j
horticulture of our country, nnich of wiiich may i
be primarily traced to the enterprise and labors j
of Massachusetts men. Suffice it to say, that,'
from the day when Governor Endicott planted !
his Pear tree at Salom, which still lives; from
the day that Perigrino White planted his Apple i
tree at Marshfield, Mass.; from the day when I
our society was formed it has stood prominently i
before the world as a leader and patron of agri- '
cultural and horticultural science. How marvel- '
lous the progress in our own day I How grand !
the march of horticulture since the establish- 1
ment of our own society ! It is scarcely fifty I
years since the Massachusetts Horticultural So- j
ciety was formed. Then there were but few j
horticultural and agricultural societies in our
land; now they are counted by thousands, and
are scattered over the continent, all working j
harmoniously for the promotion of these arts, j
Then there was scarcely a nursery of any note
west, and only a few east of the Hudson river ;
now they are planted from one shore of our
country to the other, and among them many of
the largest in the world. Then Mr. Hovey had
not sowed the seed of his Strawberry and other
fruits, which have since immortalized his name,
or commenced laying out his extensive grounds
and building his houses in Cambridge. Then 1
had not planted a seed of the Camellia, the
Azalea, Pear or Grape, nor even attempted tlie
hybridization of a plant ; now our American
fruits and plants enrich the gardans and adorn
the catalogues of foreign lands. Then we had
no such splendid villas as those cf Hunneywell,
Payson, Gray and others, with their broad lawns,
extensive glass structures and magnificent plants,
which are such an honor to our land. Then we
had many old and fine homes and gardens, such
as Governor Gore's, Mr. Lyman's, Mr. Preble's,
Mr. Cushings's, (he Perkinses and others ; but
very little in the way of landscape gardening or
. in new or rare plants or fruits. Then our exhi-

bitions were confined to a few days of the year,
and were for many years held in small rooms;
now many of our exhibitions are the best given
in any State in the Union. Then we had no
building of our own; now we possess the most
costly and magnificent temple of horticulture
that the world can boast. Then the American
Pomological Society, whose president, by the
mercy of God. in his 28tli year of service now
stands before you, had never been dreamed of —
a society that eminated primarily from the influ-
ence of the Massachusett's Horticultural Socie-
ty— a society that embraces not only our na^
tional domain, but whose jurisdiction extend?
over our continent — whose catalogue prescribes
the appropriate fruit for fifty States, territories,
and districts, and at whose quarter-centennial in
this city, the far-off State of NebravSka, with her
Governor at her head, carried off triumphantly
the Wilder medal for the best collection of
fruits. Then there were few exports of fruits;
now we send 400,000 barrels of apples in good
years to foreign lands. Then the grape was
scarcely cultivated; now, in addition to all thai
are used for the table, we make 15,000,000 gal-
lons of wine, and wine, too, that took the first
prize at the World's Exhibition at "Vienna, in
1873. Then the statistics of oiu* fruit crop were
not thought worthy of record ; now it amounts
to $140,000,000, o^ nearly the average annual
value of our wheat crop. But I must bring
these remarks to a close. I thank you for the
kind references to me as a pioneer in rural af-
fairs. You do me no more than justice, for I
cannot, a.s I have told you before, remember
the time when I was not fond of the cultivation
of the soil. But, gentlemen, my labors are
mostly over. Soon I shall be resting in the
bosom of my mother earth ; but if I can believe
I have done anything to advance the great in-
terests of our land, and which shall contribute to
the happiness of my fellow men, I shall, so far
as this Avorld is concerned, die content, feeling
that I have not lived in vain.

Mr. Wilder resumed his seat amid a storm of
applause.

The Netv Jersey State Horticttltural
Society, — intend holding an Exhibition in con-
nection with the Burlington Co. Agricultural
Society at Mt. Holly, on the 8th, 9th and 10th of
October. The schedule of premiums is quite
large, and those desiring information can obtain
it from Mr. Jno. T. Lovctt, Red Bank, Mon-
mouth Co., N. J., who has sent us a schedule.

THE

GARDENER'S MONTHLY

AND

HORTICULTURIST.

DEVOTED TO HORTICULTURE, ARBORICULTURE AND RURAL AFFAIRS.

Edited by THOMAS MEEHA.N.

Yol. XX. KOVEMBER, 1878. Number 239.

Flower Garden and Pleasure Ground,

SEASONABLE HINTS. ' ^^ ^^<^11 *« think of these things. And then

another matter of interest in regard to collecting

It is surprising how many elements of beauty hardy herbaceous plants is, that there are a large
we have around us of which we neglect to make number of rare native plants not yet in cultiva-
any use. Especially is this true of our beautiful tion, which many an owner of a first-class col-
Fall flowers and of our remarkably fine Autumn lection would give a good deal to possess. A
foliage. Of the latter we have often spoken, and collection from one's own neighborhood would
recommended that its peculiar features be therefore often be really one of the most valu-
studied with the view of using it in the artistic able one could have, and be the foundation of
decorations of our gardens. Of the former we a series of exchanges with others, which would
speak now through having seen in a country soon swell a little collection to one of the best.
"yard" a very pretty combination of very com- In the culture of herbaceous plants it is well
mon Fall flowers. The common Michaelmas to remember that generally a part dies every
Daisy — one of the loveliest of native Asters — year. They seldom come up in exactly the same
was growing in the midst of a little piece of place every year, but a bud or runner pushes out
grass near the cottage door, making a mass of and the old part dies. Though all herbaceous
bright purple and gold, probably three feet plants move in some such manner, they do not
over and three or four feet high. Around this all go directly under ground, but make bunchy
the common Golden Rod, Solidago Canadensis, stocks just above ground. In their native places
was placed, and then another circle of the corym- of growth they manage to get covered with de-
bose Aster — Aster corymbosus — with "white- caying leaves from the woods or shifting sands
brown " flowers. The writer has never seen on the plains, but in cultivation nothing of this
any combination in the stylish flower gardening, kind can be naturally accomplished, and unless
copied from foreign flower beds, that equaled art conies to aid the plants they soon die away,
this single mass of flowers gathered together An Auricula, a Primrose, or a Carnation is a
from the native woods. In the plannings for good illustration of this. In the two former a
next season's work, which is verj^ likely to be new crown is formed on the top of the old one,
among the "work for November," it may and as the lower parts in time die away, unless

322

77/ A' GARDENER'S MONTH I. V

[November y

new eartli is dniwii up, success with such Mowers
will not be jjfieat. The best plan is to take up
and replant every few years, or cover tiie run-
ning parts above ground with earth, so that they
maj' have a chance to get new roots from the
advancing stocks. This is noticed here at this
season to show that earth is the natural covering
for herbaceous plants, an<l therefore one of the
surest ways of preserviuL; tliem safe through
"Winter is to draw earth over them. In the
Spring they can be unearthed and then divided
and set a trifle deeper than before, which is all
they want. We are often asked how to preserve
Carnations, Chrysanthemums, Pansies, Phloxes,
Hollyhocks and so forth, safe till Spring. The
principles here laid down will explain the prac-
tice.

The planting of trees will still continue to
engage our attention at every favorable oppor-
tunity. Many j^refer at this season to remove
trees in the Winter by the " frozen ball " .system.
There is nothing gained by this practice. To
those unacquainted with this mode of planting
we may as well describe it. Just before frost is
expected, a trench is dug around a tree a few feet
from its base, leaving the tree, so that with a
rope at the top, it can be easily drawn over. A
hole is then dug for it in the situation desired.
When the "ball " has become frozen through
around the tree, it is removed to the prepared
hole ; and when a thaw comes the soil is filled
in around it. We have said there is nothing
irained by it, and there are many disadvantages.
If the tree has been removed a " time or two "
before, as most nursery trees have, it will have
an abundance of fibres near the stem, and can
be successfully removed without much regard to
the "ball of earth," either in Fall or Spring. If
it has never been removed before, that is a tree
growing naturally, it will have no fibres at its
base, and so no "ball of earth "can preserve
them; so that a tree which can be moved suc-
cessfullj' on this freezing sy.stem, can be as suc-
cessfully done without it. The disadvantages of
it are that it exposes the injured roots for a long
time to the injurious action of the frost and the
elements, besides the frequency of the operation
being improperly done by several attempts
being made at its completion. We have given
the system a fair trial, and have done with it.
The main object should be to preserve all the
roots possible with the tree, keep them moist
and preserve from injury, then go ahead and
don't wait for frost.

COM M UN It A J IONS.

"HOLYWOOD, " AT LONG BRANCH, N.J.

nv ririKU jikndkuson.

j This is the residence of John Iloey, Esq.;
nearly 200 acres is embraced in the domain,
\ which is located about half a mile from the
beach, on a -gently rising grade, having a front-
age of some 4000 feet. The mansion is located
! some 1200 feet from the entrance, and from that
[ distance looks as if framed in the foliage of a
' clump of trees, which, however, is some distance
beliiiid it. On both sides of the main drive is a
broad expanse of lawn, unbroken by tree or
fiower-bed, and of a verdure unexcelled ; on each
side of the same drive is a mammoth ribbon
line bed, running a length of 800 feet — the effect
of these beds, when I saw them in the light of
an August afternoon, in contrast with the velvet-
like lawn, is something never to be forgotten,
and it is doubtful if in all the experienced art of
Europe they have ever been surpassed. The
materials to form the combination of color was
nothing new, but it was the harmonious blend-
ing and the healthy vigor and keeping of the
plants that rendered the effect of the whole so
fine. The first line was composed of Alternan-
thera latifolia, then followed "Mountain of
Snow" Geranium, Achyranthus Lindeni,Coleus
"Golden Model," Achyranthus Gilsonii, Coleus
Yerschafelti, Stevia serrata variegata (a plant
new for this purpose), Genl. Grant Geranium,
Centaui'ea gymnocarpa, Coleus Verschafelti,
Coleus " Negro," Pyrethrum "Golden Feather,"
and Altei'nanthera magnifica. These formed
beds about twelve feet in width rounded from
each side so that the red line of Geraniums
formed the centre. On the plateau immediately
in front of the residence were some verj' fine
beds massed in colored foliage, and a large tri-
angular bed of succulents, embracing a most
interesting collection of Agaves, containing
nearly every known species in cultivation here.
At this point also w^as a crescent-shaped bed, the
ground work of Alternanthera, bordered with
Golden Feather, in which was written in very
fine lettering, — the letters formed of Echeveria
secunda glauca, — the words " The Charm of Life
is Love," and " Nature here shows Art." Tlie
number of plants necessary to make this bed
was 50,000. The whole number of plants used
for bedding purposes, Mr. James Mackaj% the
able gardener in charge, estimates at not less

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

323

ithan a million. To grow this immense number
of plants at least 40,000 square feet of glass or
nearly an acre of greenhouses are used ; these
are put up in the most substantial manner, and
in many of them some exquisitely grown speci-
mens of plants are now to be seen, in Crotons,
Dracaenas, Marantas and Ferns especially.

A novel feature, as well as a very ornamental
and useful one, of Mr. Hoey's greenhouses is
the French lattice shading formed by thin
strips of wood one inch in width With half-inch
space between ; these are connected by rings and
can be rolled up as readily as an ordinary win-
clow shade. These shades must soon come into
general use, as in a climate like ours they are
invaluable, being not only a shading against our
tierce Summer suns, but bid defiance to hail
storms and materially protect in Winter against
cold; they are yet expensive, however, costing
nearly twelve cents per square foot, equal to
the cost of the whole wood work of a green-
house. Another feature observed at this most
interesting place was a plan that Mr. Hoey in-
augurated to heat the water used in watering.
The pipes supplying the water for each house
are run along on the heating pipes, so that for the
purpose of syringing in Winter, tepid water can
always be obtained. Gas jets, with reflectors,
are airanged in the principal conservatories, so
that in the evening when desired the plants can
be lighted up.

No wonder that the name of John Hoey is a
household word at Long Branch. Its thousands
of pedestrian visitors are welcome at all times
to enjoy the glories of this modern Eden, so
lavishly adorned by its munificent owner. At
4, P. M., the gates are thrown open for vehicles,
and it is no unusual thing to see three hundred
carriages at one time driving through the grounds.
The classes that visit Long Branch are, many of
them, people of means and refinement, and this
liberal example of Mr. Hoey's is already doing
more to educate our people in matters of this
kind than can well be estimated, so that all in-
terested in the progress of horticultm-e, whether
professional or otherwise, owe him a debt of
gratitude that ere long they will not be slow to
acknowledcre.

LILIUM AURATUM.

BY DAVID M. BALCH, SALEM, M^VSS.

When this capricious plant finds the surround-
ings perfectly congenial to its nature, it is capa-
ble of immense development, and on rare occa-

sions yields results at which we gaze with
astonishment. A specimen worth traveling
miles to see has this season graced one of our
city gardens. Mr. T. Putnam Symonds, of Salem,
Mass., planted in 1874, near the south-east side
of his residence, No. 65 North Street, four bulbs
of the auratum Lily ; they were imported com-
mercial bulbs of the first-class, and were set in
a row about two feet apart, in soil cool, moist
and partially shaded, and prepared with some care
for their reception. These bulbs have gone on
increasing in size and vigor year by year, and
yield in their season a charming picture of floral
beauty.

Bulb No. 3 has given this season, 1878, five
main stalks from seven to eight feet in height,
bearing respectively, ten,eleven, eleven, thirteen
and fourteen flowers, and six minor stalks bear-
ing eight flowers, sixty-seven in all; the flowers
remarkably large and fine, and the whole plant a
model of health and vigor. But the bulb nearest
the street, marked, I believe, No. 1, has far sur-
passed this; last season, 1877, it yielded three
stalks with seventeen, seven and one flowers,
twenty-five in all. It is now, August 20th, 1878,
carrying the immense number of 173 flowers,
thus disposed : there are two main stalks nine
and eight and a half feet high, bearing 140 and
twenty flowers and buds, and four minor stalks
from four to six feet high with thirteen flowers,
173 in all. The principal stalk is about three
inches in circumference at the base, but quickly
becomes fasciate, flattening to tlij.*ee inches iii
breadth and about one-eighth of an inch in thick-
ness at the apex, where it is cleft ; the upper two
feet is crowded with flower buds, interspersed
with leaves, 140 in number by careful count.
About ten have proved abortive, but the stalk
produced some 130 flowers. This was cut and
exhibited August 24th, at the rooms of the Mas-
sachusetts Horticultural Society, in Boston,
where it excited much surprise and admii'ation,
and gained for Mr. Symonds the merited reward
of the Society's silver medal.

At the head of this article I have called this
plant capricious, and I think their experience in
its culture will incline many to agree with me.
Often, in spite of all our care, its bulbs, retrogra-
ing year by year, end in nothingness, and we
cannot imagine why. Quite as often our success
is moderate ; we esteem stalks with ten or fifteen
flowers excellent, and, in the present state of
our knowledge of the plant's habit and require-
ments, so they are.

324

THE GARDENER'S MONTHLY

{November,

Mr. S3'nion(ls' l)ullts ^ct no spcciiil (rcatincnt ,
a toiMln'ssiiii: of old liot-hcd ni;uinrt\ mixed
witli a little lime, in the Autumn Jieiiii: all they
demand. The fact is they like their surround-
ings. A light, rich soil, seldom too wet or too
dry, rarely superheated, and partially shaded hy
neighhoring trees and vines, has kept them in
health and excited them to yield results which.
althiiULrh rivalled hy hulhs specially cultivated in
England, has never, to my knowledge, heen
eijualed hy l)ulhs growing naturally in the open
air.

NEW DAHLIAS.

BY "W. S. IIIIJ15EK1), lUCirMOXD, IND.

Among all cultivated tiowers, a constant
change and improvement is being wrought
through the patient and careful labor of the
hybridizer, often almost completely revolution-
izing in a few seasons our lists of vai'ieties of
favorite tiowers. And while much that is ottered
among novelties is inferior and not up to the
highest standard even of older sorts, still an ex-
amination will show that a handsome percent-
age of our best flowers of all kinds have been
introduced in the last few years. Xowhere is
this more noticeable than in Dahlias ; every
3'ear we get new sorts, embracing shades, colors
and forms before scarce or unknown, until now,
perhaps, no other class comprises so wide a
range of colors, if we include the fancy, or
striped and tipped flowers. As we have as yet
no acknowledged floral tribunal before which
American novelties can be brought to have their
merits criticised, we have to rely, in a great
measure, upon the English raisers for Qur new
,stock, their Royal Horticultural Society serving
as a test to most new English plants, and in the
main, its decisions are apparently fair and un-
biased. Thus while many fine seedling Dahlias
are annually raised in this country, but a small
per cent, probably of even the good ones find
their way into commerce, owing to this lack of
an accepted power to pronounce upon their
merits, and we find the best known novelties in
these popular flowers coming from across the
water.

Having a good selection of the newer English
sorts under my notice during this season, I give
you below some of the results of my observa-
tions. The novelties referred to originated prin-
cipally with Keynes and Turner, names so well-
known through the new plants they have sent

out in the i)ast, as to leave little doubt to begin
with in regard to the value of any they may
think worthy of being sent out into the floral
world under their names and reconiniendati<ins.
A prominent feature of these novelties is the
symmetry of form and full bold centre of the
flowers ; this is especially noticeable in Turner's
("hris. Ridley and Fiiraro, l)oth of which were
awarded first-class certificates by the Royal Hor-
ticultural Society. The flower first mentioned
is of moderate size and a bright crimson color,
the centre being always carefully filled with
petals and showing perfect until the flower falls
to pieces. Figaro is a larger flower of a really
new color, the lower half of the ])etals being a
pure yellow, which shines through the surface
color of bright red with a beautiful eftect. These
two Dahlias produce a surprising quantity of
bloom; a plant of Chris. Ridley which, when
set out last Spring, had a tuber no larger than
a walnut and with a single slender shoot, now
has upwards of a hundred and fifty buds and
open blooms upon it, while a plant of its com-
panion has nearly if not quite as man}'. I have
no doubt that if the buds had been judiciously
thinned the flowers would have been of a larger
size, but as all the blooms they have produced
were perfect, a number of smaller ones were
preferred to a few show flowers. Drake Lewis^
another of Turner's, is of a color very accept-
able to American amateurs — a rich, deep scarlet,
very full and perfect. Keynes' late novelties
remind us very forcil>ly of what floriculture lost
in his death. His David Saunders is a magnifi-
cent Dahlia, often coming very large, and its
rich purple-maroon color is much admired.
Dauntless is also very good, orange-crimson in
color and a large flower. The largest of all,
however, is John Wni. Lord, another of Key-
nes' seedlings ; the outline of the flower is per-
fect and compactly filled with deep petals, and
the centre fully covered ; in color it varies from
orange-vei-million to bright crimson, with some-
times a buft* shading on the surface. This also
was awarded a certificate by the Royal Horticul-
tural Society. Vivid is a large flower of a soft
rich scarlet, and well worth}' of its name. Min-
nie Bond, a creamy-white flower eflged wilh
purple, and Hon. Sidney Herbert, deep crimson,
both of Keynes' raising, are very good indeed.
The first blooms of Mrs. John Downie were
also excellent, but those produced later have
not been so perfect, the flowers failing to shape
up nicely.

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

325

It seems to be a very ])revalent error, both
iimony amateurs and with many florists, that as
Dahlias are rank growini; plants they should be
planted in a poor soil, — all the better if it is
heav}' and clayey ; nothing could be fm-ther from
the truth. They should be treated to a liberal
mulch of manure in the Summer, in addition to
liaving the soil good and rich when they are
planted ; for when care is shown them in this
Avay the mulch not only further enriches the soil
to .supply the voracious appetite of the roots, but
it also serves to retain moisture and keep the
roots cool, resulting invariably in larger and
more perfect blooms, such as those produced on
a poor soil cannot be compared with. The
flowers are much improved also by treating the
plants to occasional but thorough soakings
'during hot, diy weather.

A WINDOW HOOD FOR ORNAMENTAL
VINES.

BY MRS. L.

I enclose you a pencil sketch of a wire frame
ivhich we have found very efiective in training
the Virginia Creeper over our windows. It is
an idea of my husband's, and has been so attrac-

tive here that I thought some of your readers
might like to try the experiment. Our wire
window hoods are now closely covered with
foliage and long tendrils, drooping as low as
the window sills, making a lovely shade in sunny
weather and giving a softened light in the rooms.
I will send you b}- mail some stereoscopic views

showing the effect on the house. I also send a
photograph of our front porch, which I fancy
you will enjoy, from the lovely eflect of light
and shade among the vines. Looking directly
through the house you have a view of my pretty
lake, seen through the di'ooping tendrils of vines
trained on the back piazza. I know of no more
exquisite decoration for a country home than
these graceful vines.

EDITORIAL NOTES.

The Kentucky Coffee Tree. — "We find
some strange statements sometimes about
American trees and American gardening from
American correspondents of European gardening
papers. One of the latest of these is in a paper on
the Kentucky Coffee Tree, by Mr. C. M. Hovey,
of Boston, to the Garden. He says :

"Though growing over such a vast extent in our
own country, from Canada to Tennessee, it is
yet very rare to find it planted in the Atlantic
States ; and it is doubtful if there are trees of any
size, except in some of the old half-botanic gar-
dens."

The writer of this knows of at least a hundred,
many of huge size, spread among numerous
gardens around Philadelphia, and this fact, Mr.
H. could readily have ascertained before starting
his error oflT on its mission to the Old World.
Instead of their being scarce in culture in om*
country, there has been a steady demand for
them for many years from some of our best nur-
series, and they will be found in most catalogues
of leading nurserymen. We know of one Ameri-
can nurseryman who must have had a stock last
Summer when we saw them, of at least five thou-
sand, from six to eight feet high, and we have no
doubt if our foreign houses wanted to draw on
American nurseries for a stock, ten or twenty
thousand nursery-raised trees could be shipped
on a three month's notice.

It is difficult to conceive what can be Mr.
Hovey's object in sending such statements abroad.
We will only say to our European friends that
Americans do not neglect to cultivate their own
beautiful trees ; but fine specimens of perhaps all
that have been long enough known to warrant it,
may be found in many American gardens,
though possibly that fact may not be recog-
nized in Loudon's works, to which Mr. Hovey
refers.

;V2G

THE GARDENER'S MONTHLY

{November^

A Pretty City Gahden. — The city irardcn
of Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Lord, of New York ,
City, is thus spoken of in a daily paper:

"The extensive rear yard had been completely
transformed into a perfect haven of delight ; all '
that wealth could command and art contrive had
been lavislied on that open space of fifty by one
hundred feet, and the whole most thoroutrhly ^
concealed from the rude iraze of the nei<j;iiborsby
natural arbor vines of all kinds. The interior of
this enchanting retreat was prolific of exotics,
tropical fruit, plants and flowers in endless va-
riety, and here and there were fountains of the
richest perfumery in I'ull spray ; and tlittinj; about
the place were unnumbered feathered songsters
from every clime, that vied with each other in
sustaining an almost unbroken stream of melody. ,
It was, indeed, a paradise of odors, music and j
flowers."

Fruiting or the Akebia. — Those who have
not a plant of Akebia quinata, can have no idea I
what a handsome vine it is. It is so very hardy, j
has such beautiful foliage, is so free from dis- j
eases, grows so rapidly and yet is withal so
slender and graceful that it is hard to find
another climber to beat it. Besides it is the
earliest to leaf and flower, and the flowers are so
delightfully fragrant. This season it has added
to its points of interest by producing its singular
frnit in a few instances. Captain II. I). Landis,
of Chestnut Hill, near Philadelphia, sends aver}'
pretty specimen. But the most perfect we ever
saw came from Mr. W. M. Canby, of Wilming-
ton, Del. The female flower is composed of five
carpels. They rarely perfect and produce seed,
but when they do, only one or two matures. In
Mr. Canbj^'s sjiecimen all had reached this stage,
and as they opened on the upper side, formed one
of the most beautiful rosettes imaginable, and
offered a very beautiful model for a carver, or
for architectural ornamentation. It is surprising,
by the way, that those interested in the fine arts
do not insist more on those they employ pro-
ducing genuine representations from nature in-
stead of the extravagance so often seen. What
excuse can there be for making oak branches
with acorns, twine spiral!}' like climbing vines,
as they do in the new Public Buildings of Phila-
delphia ?

Roses ix Round Baskets. — It will be unfor-
tunate if the admiration excited by the eftect of
the romid baskets of Marechal Niel Roses, shown
at the first Aquarium exhibition, leads to an at-

tempt lieing made by any society to adopt this*
shape of stand for all th«' i-lasses of Rose show.
Mr. AVills and ourselves thought, when lookini:
at a box of Maredial Niels, shown by us at South
Kensington, how well a round ba.sket of this ])ar-
ticular Rose would lodk, and having some hund-
reds of fme flowers, we carried out the idea
somewhat carefully. The baskets used were two'
feet wide, ordinary nui-sery rounds, made without
handles, and of rather well selected unpeeled'
rods, and these we found looked even better
than baskets made of peeled rods. They were
filled with cocoanut fiber raised to a point in the
centre, and covered with moss. They held about
thirty-six flowers each. Seen from all parts of
the hall the eflect of the yellow masses was
striking. At the second show, where most of
the baskets were of flowers of mixed colors, we
personally thought the effect not nearly so re-
markable, and we drew the conclusion that tliese
baskets must be used only for the classes of
"so many flowers of one sort." A basket of
dark, with a ring of light colored Roses, as ex-
hibited, was a failure in effect. Tliis leads us to
say that for these classes it will be feasible to-
use ba.skets, if provided by the society. Twenty-
foiu- or tliirty-six blooms may be easily transfer-
red to a basket from a box liy exhibitors from a
distance, while in tlip short time allowed for ar-
rangement it would be almost impossible tO'
transfer the blooms of, say, the seventy-two va-
rieties, arranging them with the care exhibitors
have hitherto exercised. From what we have
heard expressed by amateurs and others, an}'
attempt to enforce such an arrangement would,,
we fear, lead to a thin show, from the absence-
of some of our leading exhibitors. We throw
out these remarks as a caution to societies not
hastily, nor without full consideration, to adopt
for all classes a novel plan well suited for one
or more. — Paul cV Son, The ^''Old'''' NurtserieSy.
Cheshu7it,in Gardener\s Chronicle.

How' TO PkopactAte Mistletoe. — The seeds
being enveloped in a wet, slimy, or gummy-like
substance, it dries and fixes them firmly in a
short time, if put on when the bark and weather
are both dry ; whereas if the bark is wet, and
rain falls shortly afterwards, they are liable to
drop, or be washed off. In planting or rubbing on
the seeds, take a berry between the finger and
thumb, press it till the skin bursts and the seed
is protruded. Apply to the part of the bark se-
lected, throw awav the skin, as it is of no fm'th-

1878.

AND HORTICULTURIST.

32'J

er use, and might attract bii'ds to the seed ; then
rub or press the seed firmly on with the point
of the finger, and the sowing is completed ; but
a little dry, bird, or fowl's dung, a little old lime,
mortar, or dr}' earth, may then be dusted on to
conceal the seed from birds. This will aftbrd
sufficient protection if the seeds be put on so
thickly that a large proportion can be spread,
but when these are scarce, it is better to cover
them with a gauze or fine netting held at least
one inch oft" the seed, with pieces of furze or
branch spray. Or, the}' may be surrounded at a
distance of one or two inches by a few fine will-
ows, wrought basket-like, and just sufficiently
close to keep out birds' heads and beaks. It is
not only unnecessary but improper to cut or
open the bark, as the hardened wounded surfaces
prevent, or at least impede the insertion of the
young rootlets, which only take hold and insinu-
ate themselves where the bark is tender, fresh,
and devoid of outer dried or dead skin. Suppos-
ing the seeds to be rubbed on, either February or
March, they will put out small knob-pointed rad-
icles or rootlets in April or May, by which they
become more firmly attached to the bark, but I
liave never seen them put forth leaves till the
second summer; and this last season we had
a considerable number of seedlings, none of
which showed leaf till the third summer, and
some look as if they would not do so till the
next or fourth summer ; but the trees on which
their seeds Avere sown had to be all transplanted
the second spring, which might have retarded
their progress for a year. — B. G., in Garden.

"White Lobelias. — What "aristocrats" are
these lowly-growing flowers, blossoming away
all the Summer in pure white loveliness, and yet
as proud of their bit of blue blood as is the ver-
iest Bond Street dandy ! An ordinary observer
would scarcely imagine that the blood that circu-
lates in the veins of these floral Albinos was as
deeply infected with blue as are their cerulean
brethren ; but so it is. Singularly enough, the
seed produced b}' the white kinds is also of a
silvery whiteness, and thus differs materially
from that of the blue forms, the seed of which is
in color a dark red. Purchasers of white
Lobelia seed can therefore easily ascertain by
looking at it that they have seed of the right
color, and mixing to avoid detection is an im-
possibility. Still, in spite of this fact, it will be
found when the seedliiisis grow, that at least two-
thirds of them come l)lue. the taint of blue blood

being so strong in the constitution of the white
kinds. All the white forms have originated in
in sports from Speciosa, and are in fact white
reproductions of that variety ; therefore, the ten-
dency to revert to its original character is not re-
markable. The only possible means of eradicat-
ing the blue tint is to select seed carefully every
year from seedling plants of the purest white
that are grown quite away from other colors,
and thus by persistence a strain of pure white
seedlings may eventually be ensured. — Gar-
denerh Magazine.

DAFFODILS.
I waiiiU'red lout'ly as a cloud
That floats on high o'er vales and hills,
When all at ouce I saw a crdwil,
A host of golden Daffodils;
Beside the lake, V)eneath the trees,
Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.

Continuous a.s the stars that shine
And twinkle on the milky-way,
They stretch'd in never-ending line
Along the margin of the bay :
Ten th(5usand saw I at a glance,
Tossing their hea<ls in sprightly dance.
The wave-i beside them danced, but they
Outdid the sparkling waves in glee : —
A poet could not but be gay.
In such a jocund company :
I gazed — and gazed — but little thought
What wealth the show to me ha<l brought.

For oft when on my couch I lie, /

In vacant or in pensive mood,

They flash upon that inwai'd eye

Which is the bliss of solitude.

And then my heart with plea.sure fills,

And dances with the Daffodils. — AVords \v o rth

The Day Lily, (Hemerocallis). — This very
pretty plant is not so generally used as it
should be in shrubberies and flower borders, in
semi-wild situations, and on the margins of ponds
and lakes. For nearly two months past in
my grounds it has been an object of general
admiration. The first to flower was H. Sieboldii,
with its fine orange colored flowers and grace-
ful narrow foliage. After that came II. fulva,
with bronze orange-red flowers shading otf to
crimson, the center being yellow. Next came
II. Thimbergi, clear beautiful yellow. Then H.
Kwaiiso flore pleno,with large double flowers of
a fine rich apricot color, shading ofl" to crimson,
and along with it H. disticha flore pleno, with
rich glowing orange finely formed double flowers,
shading oft* to intense crimson. H. fulva and
Kwanso flore pleno attain a lieight of four feet \
Thunbcrgi, three feet; disticha flore pleno, a
little over two feet ; and Sieboldii, about two feet.
Besides these I have other varieties of Hemero-'

328

THE GAliDENER'S MONTHLY

[November,

callis in my collection which Imvc not yet
bloomed. P'or I'uniishinij vases, the cut spikes of
flowers are most ornamental. As with ordinary
Lilies all tlie undeveloped Hower-huds expand in
water. — The Ganicn.

A Sense ok I'uoritiETV. — liotanical Old
Gent (in lini^hton (hardens) — "Can you tell me
my good nian, if this plant belonirs to the 'Ar-
butus family?'" Gardener (curtly) — ''No, sir, it
doan'r. It b'lonsjs to the Corporation.'"

A'BJJ^ OR RARE PLANTS.

EuLALiA Japonic A zebrina. — This promises
to be one of the most ornamental of grasses for
isolated positions on lawns or for planting in the
shi-ubbery border. In warm, deep, rich sandy
soil it grows rapidly, and its leaves become
effectively variegated. One of the best speci-
mens we have yet sc^en is now growing vigorously
in Messrs. Laing «fc Co.'s nursery at Forest Hill,
where it has stood the past Winter without an)'
protection whatever, and without sustaining the
least injury. — Garden.

Double Scarlet Geum.— This Geum, which
has been in existence for some years, is not
nearly so often met with in gardens as it should
be. It is perfectly hardy, easily increased by
division of the root, thrives well in an)' good
garden mould, and from early in April until the
end of September established plants of it yield
abundance of bright orange-scarlet double blos-
soms, which in a cut state are quite equal, or
even superior to those of the double scarlet
Pelargonium. They last in good condition for
some time after being cut ; and when it is con-
sidered that a good supply of them can be had
with little or no trouble for six months in the
year, no garden, however small, should, one
would think, be without this plant. Good estab-
lished roots of it lifted late in the Autumn, and
wintered in a house or pit, would, if kept close

to the gla.ss, and given plenty of air and water,
and a little heat after Christmas, no doubt pro-
duce good (lowering plants for the cool conser-
vatory full of flower in February, or even earlier.
AVe lately saw large beds of it in flower in the
Hale Farm Nurseries, where they form an attrac-
tive feature. — Garden.

^ AniES Harryana. — New species; Abies
Veitchi, Ilort., Veitch, not of descriptions. This
is the plant cultivated as A. Veitchi, and sent
to mo under that name liy Messrs. A'eiteh. It
difters in appearance from true Veitchi, and can
be at once separated anatomically by the great
development of the hypoderma, and by the posi-
tion of the resin canals. If further investiga-
tion confirm the opinion that it is new, the name
Harryana will be retained in compliment to
Harry J. Veitch, Es(|., the head of the tirm of
Veitch «& Sons, in London. Leaves acute at the
apex. Stomata on the under surface of the leaf
onl)\ Hypoderma forming a continuous or
almost continuous layer under the epidermis of
the upper side of the leaf. Resin canals touch-
ing the epidermis of the under side. — Correspon-
dent of Garden.

SCRAPS AND QUERIES.

Austrian and Scotch Pines. — F. M. Ober-
lin. A "popular" distinction between these
two may be the very dark green of the former
and the gray-green of the latter, which are be-
sides shorter. Then the buds and branches are
much stouter in the Austrian than in the Scotch
Pine.

Dahlias. — From Leeds & Co., Richmond,
Indiana, we have a box of flowers of very beauti-
ful Pompone Dahlas. Some have despised the
the Dahlia of late years, but they are among the
largest of Fall flowers, and probablj'^ the most
critical would admire such handsome forms as
those sent by Messrs. Leeds.

Green House and House Gardening.

SEASONABLE HINTS. I it is a question whether the sacrificing of all our

beautiful flowering plants for them is not an ex-

The taste for "leaf plants" Palms, Ferns, and treme of good taste, into which most of us are apt
other plants with handsome foliage is good, but to run. Many of us look back on the old times

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

320

when Acacias, Cliorozemas, Croweas, Heaths
and Epacriceses, made our Winters gay, and
when there was some real gardening skill re-
quired to grow them well, with great regret that
times are changed, and that we see these pretty
things no more ; but the times will come again.
We still have to have some flowers, though
they are only Chinese Primroses, Carnations,
Geraniums, Cyclamens, Bouvardias and other
things which a child can grow, and which leaves
the occupation of a flrst-elass gardener, "gone."
To grow these we need scarcely give any hints.
A little sun, a little heat, a little air, a little care
as regards insects, and these and most of the plants
now grown in greenhouses will "grow" them-
selves.

There is really more skill required to manage
a window than a greenhouse in these modern days.
A few general hints for these may not be unac-
ceptable. Window plants should not be kept very
warm at this season. They should have all the sun
and air, and as little of the artificial heat of the
room as possible. These remarks apply espe-
cially to Mignonette, which is very impatient of
in-door confinement. Succulents, such as Cacti,
are excellent window plants in this respect, as
the dry air does not affect them. To keep the
air about the plants moist, is one of the secrets
of window culture. Some who have very fine
windows well stocked with fine plants, make
glazed cases with folding doors of them, by
which, when the room is highly heated and very
dry, they can be enclosed in an atmosphere of
their own. Where it is not convenient to have
the window enclosed from the room by a folding
door, much benefit has been found by using a
simple curtain. This will prevent injury from
the coal or illuminating gas, which is often as
destructive as the dry atmosphere.

COMMUNICA TIONS.

ORCHID CULTURE.

BY C. ir. S., BALTIMORE, >ID.
Maxillaria^ Ly caste, Trichopilia and Anguloa. —
I have put these four together, not because they
are all botanically related, but that the same
treatment will do for all, and they all make
their flowers on short stems from the side of the
bulbs. They all should be grown in pots, well
drained, and a mixture of sphagnum moss, char-

coal and peat, suits them. In potting, the base
of the bulbs should be raised well above the edge
of the pot. This is particularly requisite with
Trichopilia, whose flowers are semi-pendant.
This also insures the roots from being rotted by
too much water.

MaxiUaria. — This was formerly quite a large
genus, but Lycaste, Promenn(jea, Paphinia, Bifie-
naria, and several others have been taken from
it, and shorn it of some of its best species. It
has, however, a few good species left. All the
MaxiUaria that I have seen, have bulbs about
H inches long, fiattish, with one smooth leaf on
the bulb^

M. grandifora — Grows about one foot high ; the
flowers are pure white in the sepals and petals ;
lip, purple and yellow.

M. renusta — Has also a white flower ; lip, white
with lemon yellow and red, sometimes nearly
all yellow. Both M. grandiflora and M. venusta
bloom in early spring, and are desirable.

M. picta — Has small flowers, yellowish white,
spotted chocolate.

Lycaste. — These have bulbs from two to five
inches high, dark green, and have several plicate
leaves from a foot to eighteen inches high.

L. aromatica and L. cruenta — Have yellow
flowers about 14 inches diameter. L. cruenta
has some red spots on the lip. These bloom in
the spring, and have the odor of cinnamon.
They are very good bloomers, and keep in
bloom about three weeks.

L. Deppei. — Not very handsome flowers, green-
ish yellow and brown ; lip white, with crimson
spots and yellow crest. Blooms in the spring.

L. lanipes. — A very free blooming species,
with creamy white flowers ; lip, white and
fringed.

L. Skinneri. — This is the gem of the genus.
The flowers vary very much in size and color.
The bulbs are dark green, Avith two or three
leaves from one to two feet long. Blooms mostly
in mid-winter, but there are some varieties that
bloom in Summer, when making their growth.
I have a variety that blooms in Summer, and
again in Winter from the matured growth. The
flowers are from three to six inches diameter ; the
sepals and petals are from pure white to deep
rose, and the lip, which is rather small, is white,
blotched rose, pink or carmine. The blooms
will continue good for over two months if kept
dry. It will do well in a sitting room under a
bell glass, as the gas will color the petals. No
one can grow too many of this grand Orchid, and

330

THE GARDENER'S MONTHLY

[November,

any one can prow it. It wants plenty of water
at the roots when growing, and some at all
times, and should l)e kept near the light. A
temperaturi' of from 50° to (H)" from October to
April, and then a.s cool as possible dnring the
summer months. I had six plants in bloom at
one time last winter, and all different. There is
a pure white variety, but it is scarce, native of
Guatemala.

Trichopilia — This is a small genus, but all the
species are show}-, and easy to cultivate. It
does not recjuire as much water as the Maxillarias.
They all come from the highlands of Mexico
and Central America. The flowers come up
from the side of the bulbs, and are semi-pendu-
lous, and on this account have to be potted high,
so as to show the flowers to advantage.

T. coccinea — Has flowers four inches diameter;
sepals and petals creamy-white, with a reddish
strip through the centre ; lip shaped something
like a gloxinia, is crimson, with a white margin.
This is also called T. marginata. Flower in
spring.

T. suavia — Flower in winter. Sepals and pe-
tals white or rosy-white ; lip white, spotted rose ;
has three flowers on a stem.

T. iortilis — There are two varieties of this, one
with short bulbs about an inch long and quite
stout ; the other has slender bulbs four or five
inches long. The sepals and petals pale yellow,
with reddish brown blotches, and they are
twisted; lip white, spotted red. Mostly but
one flower to a stem, but occasionally two.

T. albida, syn. Pilumna fragrans — Has pure
white flowers; lip white, with yellow^ blotch.
Has three flowers on a stem, and is very fragrant.
There are several other Trichopilias — crispa,
picta and Turnerii, but I have not seen them in
bloom.

Anguloa. — These are strong growing plants.
and probably grow among rotten leaves and
moss. The flowers of all the species come up
from the sides of the bulbs, and look like tulips
not quite open. They come from New Grenada,
and require plenty of moisture when growing.

A. Clowesii. — Yellow sepals and petals ; lip
white.

A. Ruckerii. — Sepals and petals yellow with
crimson spots ; lip crimson.

A. uni flora. — Flowers white in all their parts.

ARTIFICIAL WOOD TILES.

BY MRS. C. S. JONES, MONROE, MO.

The most elegant embellishments we have used

for wooden receptacles of all descriptions are
the rich artificial wood ornaments which are
now made in sucli jierfeclion. and wiiicii allow
of so many and various linisliiuLTs, such as
bronze-gilt, enamel, I'vic.

For wind()w-hf)xes. we liave used the tiles with
infinite satisl'aclinn.

These inexpensive and richly carved (f) tiles
are in imitation of various ancient models, and
may be had of many sizes, and with perforations
for the small brads, with which it is best to
fasten them, after applying a coat of liquid glue
to the under surface.

"We arrange the tiles in various designs, using
large and small ones, according to fancy. We
then, either oil or varnish the surface, or in
some cases, color with enamel-paints (colors
mixed in Demmar varnish) and touch up with
gold-bronzing powder, which irives the appear-
ance of the Minton tiles.

Again we varnish and apply bronze powder,
gold, crimson, green, &c.

To make an antique looking jardiniere or
window-box, obtain lions ; Grecian, Roman or
Egyptian heads; griffins, scrolls, &c., and after
applying them, varnish and bronze them.

We are earnest admirers and advocates of true
art-work, and do not believe it richt to recom-
mend flimsy and fancy imitations of any kind ;

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

331

but inasmuch as, at this time especially, thou-
sands of people, are anxious to make home beau-
tiful, if the}^ may do so without great expense
and with tlieir own liands, wc believe it better to

do so by such means as those here described,
■which may be made into true art-work, if care-
fully accomplished.

[With this we give the last of Mrs. -Jones' very
suggestive series, with a few more of Mr. Glea-
son's designs, and are sure all interested in
tasteful home decoration will have perused the
ladj''s letters with much profit. — Ed. G. M.]

HYACINTH CULTURE.

BY MR. M. W. CAT^DWELX, QUERYS TURN-OUT,
MECKLENBURG, N. C.

The time has arrived for those who expect to
have flow^ers from hardy bulbs in Spring to look
around for their bullis in time for Fall planting.
And as I have already offered my experience in
their culture, it is seasonable to send it. South-
ern readers know that old Meckleaiburg County,
in Korth Carolina, does not lie among the moun-
tains, but that it is a fine cotton growing section,
and that every vegetable known to the tempe-
rate zone can be raised with more or less suc-
cess there, and a great variety of soil is to be
found within its borders. The grounds we cul-
tivate as our "flow^er garden" is of a gravelly or
rocky nature, a yellowish pipe-clay lying under-
neath from six to fifteen inches deep, more or
less. The land slopes to the south-east ; when
new" or fertilized it produces good crops of any
of the kinds cultivated in this section, including
Cotton, Corn, Wheat, Oats, Rye, sweet and Irish
Potatoes and all kinds of garden vegetables.

As regards Hyacinths, my experience in raising
them teaches me tii'st, to make tlie ground rich.
I use a spading fork to dig the ground ; I have
not gone lower than twelve inches, because of
the presence of pipe-clay. I throw up the earth
in beds about four or five feet wide, elevated five
or six inches, with three feet space betw'een and
of any length desired, and plant ])ull)S five or six
inches deep. I plant from the middle of October
till the last of Xovember, any time that suits me.
I never w^ork ground wet. Plant the bulbs about

tw^elve inches apart, less will do, in the rows
both ways ; cover beds with any kind of good,,
well rotted manure one or two inches deep ; clean
out the walk between rows nicely, and the work
is done. I have never put any kind of mulching-
on the beds that requires removing in Spring, and
simply break the crust on the ground between
the plants after they begin to come up, and then
keep all weeds down. I do not think covering-
with straw, leaves or unrotted manure in Win-
ter, to be taken off in Spring, is at all necessary
in the South. I take up the bulb as soon as the
leaves are yellow, last Spring this being on the-
10th of May. 1 think any one who expects to
have fine Hyacinth bulbs and blooms must put
the ground in good condition and never leave
the bulbs in the ground all Summer, nor plant,
in a grassy border to remain from year to year.
I remove all the little bulbs from the old one
and plant them the same as the large ones. In
two years they will make good bulbs, a large
one sometimes throws up from three to five
flow^ering spikes. The red kinds seem to be
inclined in this way more than other kinds, and
the single more than the double. Tulips I treat
the same as H3'acinths, except that I do not plant
more than three or four inches deep. Any one
purchasing bulbs expecting to realize a fine dis-
play without attention, only subjects him or her-
self to a cruel disappointment. I do not raise
bulbs and seeds for sale, only for home enjoy-
ment and to give away. I have about one bushel
of Hyacinth bulbs. I have bought of Vick^
H. A. Dreer, Moulson & Sons, and many others.

I think that all disappointment in realizing
our expectations in bulb-culture in the Southern
States I'ests upon the theory of poor culture, or
rather the want of thorough preparation before
planting. I can hardly perceive how any one
could fail to receive value for proper attention.
Among the wrong practices is leaving the bulbs
in the ground from year to 3'ear. I take thenk
up as soon as they are ripe and dry them a few
days in the shade, then strip off their tops and
lay them away in a cool, dry place till needed.

[Our readers will remember that these excel-
lent notes from practical experience come from,
the correspondent who sent us the wonderfully
fine rtowers last Spring. — Ed. G. M.]

EDITORIAL NOTES.

The Victoria Lily. — The California Hor-
ticulturist says : " We are soon to have the

332

THE GARDENER'S MONTHLY

[November,

pleasure of sociii".' this fiuiious and interi'stiiiLT
n(|iiatii' i)lant <:ro\viiiu in a tank in one of the
•conservatories of the eostly and Ljrand Hopkins
Mansion on " Xol) Hill.''

Hkllehoke Powdkk.— Geo. .S.Woodrull", Mt.
Airy, riiila., writes: " Mr. Channing and othei-s
recommend Hellebore for destroying stale and
mealy but;;, but no one tells how much of the Hel-
lebore is enough for a quart or gallon of soap, an
item of some importanee in view of the cost of
the foi'mer. "Will some one be good enough to
give the information suggested."

HoAV TO MAKE Mo.ss BASKETS. — Very beauti-
ful liaskets for holding tlowers may be made of
the longer and more feathery kinds of mosses.
We have made them often ; and never do flowers,
whether wild or irarden, look more lovely than
when clustered within a verdent border of that
most delicate and beautiful material, whicli-by
proper management may be made to preserve
its freshness and brilliancy for many months.
We will here give a recipe for their manufacture.
A light frame of any shape you like should be
made with wire and covered with common paste-
board or calico, and the moss, which should Hrst
"be well picked over and cleansed from any bits
of dirt or dead leaves which may be hanging
about it, gathered into little tufts, and sewed
with a coarse needle and thread to the covering,
so as to clothe it thickly with a close and com-
pact coating, taking care that the points of the
moss are all outwards. A long handle made in
the same manner should be attached to the bas-
Itet, and a tin, or other vessel, filled with either
wet sand or water, placed within to hold the
flowers. By dipping the whole fabric into water
■once in three or four days, its verdure and elas-
ticity will be fully preserved, and a block of
wood about an inch thick, and stained black or
green, if placed under the basket, wull prevent
all risk of damage to the table from the mois-
ture. To make such baskets affords much
pleasant social amusement for children, who
will find a constantly renewing pleasure in vary-
ing their appearance. One week, Snowdrops
and Crocuses will cluster among the mossy
edges ; then will come groups of "dancing Daf-
fodils" and Hazel catkins, which, mixed with
Ivy leaves, make almost the prettiest dressing
that can be found for it. In another week or two
Anemones, Hyacinths and Jonquils will crave
admittance into the place of honor ; and long
before the basket is decayed Roses, Lilies, Jas-

mine and even Carnations, will have sprung
into beauty, and had their day in the favorite
moss basket. — ('assc/Ps I'opuhtr Ediirafor.

Agents' Fi.Y-iiJAr.— Tin- well-known A'cnus'
lly-tra]), Diona-a nuiscipnla, is the best of all the
tly catching plants to keep in a window for oc-
casional amusement, and it is moreover a proper
adornment, for the beauty of its fringed leaves
is at once unique and interesting. Droseras are,
of course, to be desired by such as study " car-
nivorous plants," but they are so small and slow
in their movements as to try one's patience
somewhat ; whereas the Dionsea is compara-
tively large, with a quite mechanical gin-like
leaf and very bold fringe of hairs that may be
likened to the iron bars of a prison, and are as
such to the captive Hies that the gin has closed
upon. Moreover, the Dionfea catches and keeps
and digests large flies which, generally speaking,
Drosera does not. Mr. Bull, some weeks since,
mentioned incidently that he had received a
very large consignment of Dionreas, and I at
once secured a few for myself and friends. After
three weeks' occupation of tables in windows
the plants distributed are all, without exception,
perfectly healthy and as beautiful as when they
first came to hand. The dozen I reserved for
myself have been standing in a glass pan, with
about an inch of water, in an airy greenhouse,
and these also are still in perfect condition.
Water is the main requirement of this pretty
plant, and a medium temperature suits it per-
fectly.— Shirley Hibherd in Gardener''s Magazine.

Agapanthus i'mbellatt's. — AVe remember
having heard some one say he could not flower
the Blue Mexican Lily. It must have been a
man, for all the ladies succeed with it. We have
hoped before now that Miss G. or some of our
other good friends of the fair sex would have been
moved by the spirit of Flora, to relate their ex-
perience, for the benefit of the sterner creatures,
but as they have not, Ave venture to give the fol-
lowing from the Dublin Gardener'' s Record.

"What a fine old plant this is for the conser-
vatory in August and September, and what a
grand effect it produces, Avith its beautiful umbels
of bright blue, standing boldly erect among other
plants, contrasting well with everything around
them, and at the same time being strikingly con-
spicuous. Although old as this plant is, we sel-
dom see it used so frequently as it should be, and
yet it is not from any difficulty there is attached
to its cultivation, for it is the most easily grown

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

333

plant I know of. It may be propagated by divi-
sion of the roots, oft-sets, or seed. From the
latter, by sowing in a pot any time between
March and June, so that the seedlings may ac-
quire sufficient strength to resist the changes in
Winter. Plunge the pot to the rim in gentle
bottom heat, and keep the soil constantlj^ moist,
both before and after the plants appear above
ground. Pot-off" as soon as the seedlings can be
conveniently handled, and attend afterwards to
watering, shading, «S:c., as is usually done with
such seedlings. Division of the roots and off"-sets
are a ready means of extending the stock. For
a compost, a light loamy mixture, with sand in-
corporated to extent of one-third of the bulk,
will do.

In the general culture, little need be added to
the attention generally demanded by free-grow-
ing plants. They all delight in high living. A
rich heavy loam, with a third of well-reduced
cow manure and sharp river sand tlu'own together,
without riddling, will make them grow strongly
and well. Admit air abundantl}^ admmister
water copiously in the growing season, adding a
stimulant in the shape of a little guano to the
water, when the flowers are in the process of for-
mation ; and wherever situated, air plentifully
supplied ought never to be neglected when the
flowers are expanding, else the flowers will be
deficient of their bright blue, so much appreciated,
as well as in good substance. When the flowers
have dropped, cut down the stems half-way and
prevent seeding, unless particularly wanted,
when one crown will be enough to leave. The
plants should be allowed to stand in a good posi-
tion in a vinery or other glass structure in the
Autumn, in order to have the crown well matured
for the following season. They may then be al-
lowed to go quietly to rest, by withholding water
to a considerable extent, permitting the soil to
get almost dry in their i:)ots during Winter. The
plants will then be quite indifferent wherever
they are placed. If below the stage of a green-
house, they must be turned on their sides towards
the sun, in order that the water from other plants
may not saturate them."

Spkc'imex Phloxes. — Sancho Panza asserts
that it is not easy to make a silk purse out of a
sow's ear, but we can often make something quite
as pretty out of some very unlikely materials, and
we expect the reader will agree with this after
perusing the following, from Mr. Robinson's
Garden :

"At this moment in the Paris Exhibition cai»
be seen between the galleries reserved for the
vegetables and the cut flowers, and near the con-
servatory constructed by M. Cochu, a very happy
innovation as regards some remarkably fine Phlox:
decussata cultivated in pots. The innovation
may be thus described : In the centre of a pot
sufficiently large has been planted a Phlox, the
shoots of which have been laid radiating towards
the rim of the pot, where they form a circle and
rise vigorously, giving a strong inflorescence ►
The number of flowering stems, sometimes
reaching ten or twelve thus disposed as a sort of
crown, afford a graceful and elegant effect."

We are often asked to go around and see how
pretty a variety of Phlox, some friend has raised;
but we would sooner take up our "beaver" and
draw on our neat black "kids" to go and look at.
an old kind grown like that.

NBIV OR RARE PLANTS.

A Double Mexican Lily. — As we noted iu
the Editor's English Notes, Mr. B. S. Williams,
of London, has made a specialty of bulbs and
bulb-like plants. We are told that he has been
rewarded for some of his devotion by the blue
Agapanthus, which has produced for him a kind
with double flowers. This revives our interest
in this old fashioned plant, but which one never
neglects without a feeling of ingratitude.

Improved Abutilons. — most of us can
remember when Abutilon striatum was intro-
duced and how much it was welcomed to green-
house collections. Since then, other sjiecies-
have been introduced, and between them hybrids
and crosses have been raised, until we are no
longer merely thankful for what we can get, but
are fastidious in our choice as to what will please
us. Most of the older varieties like the original
favorite referred to, have a lank, straggling^
growth, and improvers have kept a dense,
streaky habit in view when selecting seedlings^
Of the most successful of these efforts is Mr. B.
S. Williams of Upper Ilolloway, London, who
sends out Aljutilon rosteflorum, and which is
thus described :

"A garden hybrid raised in this establishment,
the result of a cross between A. Darwinii and
A. Boule de Neige ; it ha.*; the dwarf free branch-

334

77/ /; a . I /.' i> /■: y A' /rs montul y

[November^

in'^habitofthcfirst-naincl i.an.nt.an.l Il.r tin.- ..f tin- s:um' clor/- Almtiloiis, generally,

boUlwfn-slmiuHlllnvvrr..til.oMHnn.l: tlu- I. Ins- aro anion- the niosl useful of winter bloonim-

soms are produce.l in -real profusion, an.l are plants, llowering freely, and l)einjr of easy

rosy pink, .shaded and veined w itii a richer tint eulture.

ABUTILON ROS^EFLORUM.

Fruit and Vegetable Gardening.

SEASONABLE HINTS. ^ave another earthiu.r up. Cure must be exer-

cised in the operation not to let the earth get

In those parts where the frost has not yet been into the hearts of the plants or they will be

severe enough to injure the Celery crop, it may liable to rot. Where the plant has evidently

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

335

finished its growth for the season, measures
should be taken to preserve it through the Win-
ter. For family use, it is probably as well to
let it stay where it is growing, covering the soil
with leaves, litter or manure, to keep out the
frost, so that it can be taken up as wanted.
Where large quantities are frequently required,
it is better to take it up and put it in a smaller
compass, still protecting it in any way that may
be readily accessible. It always keeps best in
the natural soil, where it is cool and moist and
free from frost, and whatever mode of protection
is resorted to, these facts should be kept in view.
Beets, Turnips, and other root crops, will also
require protection. They are best divested of
their foliage and packed in layers of sand in a
cool cellar. Parsnips are best left in the soil as
long as possible. If any are wanted for late
spring use, they may be left out to freeze in the
soil, and will be much improved thereby. Cab-
bage is preserved in a variety of ways. If a few
dozen only, they may be hung up by the roots
in a cool cellar, or buried in the soil, heads down-
ward, to keep out the rain, or laid on their sides
as thickly as they can be placed, nearly covered
with soil and then completely covered with
corn stalks, litter or any protecting material.
The main object in protecting all these kinds
of vegetables is to prevent their growth by keep-
ing them as cool as possible, and to prevent
shriveling by keeping them moist. Cabbage
plants. Lettuce, and Spinach sown last Septem-
ber, will require a slight protection. This is
usually done by scattering straw loosely, over.
The intention is principally to check the frequent
thawings , which draw the plants out of the ground.
In reviewing the progress of fruit culture, it is
remarkable how much we have gained in Grape
knowledge the few past years. We tried the
foreign Grape in the open air and failed, and
then fell back on the improvement of our native
kinds, but we had scarcely made much headway
before mildew, rot and insects gave us hard
work to do, and after all, seemed likely to beat
us. We found we had fallen into barbarous
modes of jiropagation and culture. We gradu-
ally came to think Grape culture hardly worth
pursuing. We left the whole thing to nature in
a great measure, and we were sm-prised to find
how much better the Grape vine did. Then it
was resumed under more sensible auspices on
the rules derived from sad expoi'icnces. and now
we find no more difiiculty in i-aising Grapes from
improved varieties than from any other kind of

garden fruits. The Phylloxera is still trouble-
some, but not nearly so bad as it used to be, and
not because we have found out any particular
remedy, but the plants themselves seem to suf-
fer less. It is probable that more rational
methods of culture have given them greater
resisting power, and then, entomologists tell us
that as fast as one insect enemy increases and
threatens to overpower us, an aid generally
comes from some other insect which feeds on
and keeps down our foes. At any rate, we go
on and plant the rarer and choicer kind of Grapes
with much more confidence than formerly.

In Plums, however, no insect foe seems to
have come to our assistance in our little un-
pleasantness with the curculio, and we do not
know that we have gained much in our knowl-
edge over past times. It is still some trouble to
get good Plums, though the improvements from
the Chickasaw are giving us something in the
place of nothing.

In the Peach the great run has been to see
who shall be in the market first. There appears
to have been some little gain here, though it is
rather from the degeneration of the older kinds.
But then why is this ? There ought not to be
degeneracy, if culture was what it should be.

It is much the same with the Strawberry. We
have some very good new kinds, but none better
than we have had in the past, and they are valu-
able chiefly because the older ones have not
done as well by us, as we think we have done
by them.

In the Raspberry, there has been no gain of
late years. From time to time, vounger and
more enthusiastic fruitists have introduced new
kinds of European races, fancying, perhaps, that
they were " hybrids " or " crosses " with the na-
tive kinds, or fiattering themselves that there was
some good reason why they should be more suc-
cessful than those who went before. But the
older ones stood charita])ly by and shook their
heads in silence. They did not want to throw
cold water on efforts that might by a bare possi-
bility succeed. But where are the improved
Raspberries now ? In good Raspberries, we are
rather the worse off than ten years ago. This
is, perhaps, owing to the attention given to the
"hardy," but still inferior native kinds, which
has led us to forget the little we knew of the
much superior kinds of foreign breed.

On the whole, we Avould suggest that we have
been looking too much to improved kinds in
fruits, and too little to common sense modes of

330

THE GARDENER'S MONTHLY

\y> uriiiil er.

culture. We spoil our good sorts by bad treat-
ment, and then look for the remedy in new
varieties. We believe we cannot offer our read-
ers at this time any more profitable " Season-
able Hints " than to look up and jjondor wiial
has been oft'ered from time to time in our p:i<,'es.
on common sense fruit rulture.

COMMUNICA TIONS.

SUMMER SHADE FOR APPLE TREES.

BY MK. F. AV. WOODWARD, EAU CLAIRE, WIS.

Numerous have been the articles written in our
horticultural journals upon the advantages or
necessity of shade from the Winter sun, or
protection to the trunks and larger limbs of fruit
trees in cold northern latitudes. This protec-
tion has been largely given in this State, still
the trees die, often by. wholesale, and with the
surviving it is only a question of time. Out of
fifty varieties planted in my own grounds, but
three trees survive, these are the Wallnudge,
Alter and Plumb's Cider. The two last are
weak and diseased, but the Walbridge is in per-
fect health ; has not shown a sign of failure
dm-ing seven years, though a tree of the same
variety within ten feet of it succumbed long
since. My attention has often been called to
the vigorous tree and to the solution of the
question of its healthy growth. In coversation
with a friend lately, about my failure with the
Apple, he said, plant some hardy tree, a Trans-
cendant Crab, for instance, on the south side of
your apple trees and near enough to shade them
from the Summer sun, and watch the result.
He mentioned a case where a neighbor had
planted alternate rows of Apple and Crab trees
so near that the Crabs shaded the others, and
they had not been injured by a cold of 40" be-
low zero. Here then was the secret of my suc-
cess. My tree had never had Winter protection,
but on the south side of it within a few feet
stood a large Crab tree that shaded the Apple
during the hottest hours of the day in Summer.
The conclusion to be drawn from these facts
would indicate that Summer shade should be
given, either by planting evergreens in our
orchards, as advocated by Mr. Elliott, or by al-
ternate rows of trees of unquestioned hardiness,
near enough to shade those of a more tender
constitution.

THE TRUE CUMBO.

BY MISS M. MIMKOUI), WASHINGTON, D .C.

The American AijricuUurixi is right, (Jumbo is
the name of the dish, or rather soup, made of
Okra. Tlu! compound of which soup is also
called Gumbo, is made from Sassafras leaves
dried and made into a powder called Gumbo
fili. Not quite certain about the spelling of the
latter, pronounced as spelt fele.

FAST BUDDING.

BY C. J. BLACK, IIKJHT.STOW'N, N. J.

Very few who arc unacquainted with tbe
art of budding will believe how rapidly it
can be performed by experts. Some twenty
years ago when I first commenced the nursery
business it was thought that a man who budded
2000 Peach trees in a day was very expert, and
if he did more than that many, he must slight
his work. The number has been gradually
increased, until now we can find occasionally
a man who can bud TjOOO trees in a day of ten
hours. The largest amount I have ever heard
of was done by our men the past season. My
brother and two young men in our employ, with
three tiers, six in all, budded and tied 40,800
Peach trees in three days of ten hours each. I
have occasionally heard of a large number set
in one day, but tl\is is the largest number I have
ever known budded in the time. If any one knows
of better Avork than this, please report.

ASPARAGUS CULTURE IN ENGLAND.

BY MK. AVM. ROBINSON, EDITOR OF "GARDEN,"
LONDON, ENG.

Referring to a paragraph in a recent Monthly,
allow me to say that as yet there has been no
competition for my prize in England, nor will
there be for some time, to allow full time for
prepai'ation. The Asparagus you allude to was
merely a head obtained after a few years' trial
of the open planting system where previously
no good Asparagus was obtainable. As my
prize will run over seven consecutive years, I
hope that at some of the competitions we may
have the pleasure of seeing samples of the best
American grown Asparagus. I was not in
America during the Asparagus season, and
therefore I can only speak from seeing some
preserved American Aspai'agus. It seemed all
that was most desirable in size and quality.

1878.

AND HORTICULTURIST,

337

CRAPE CULTURE IN TEXAS.

BY PROF. S. B. BUCKLEY, AUSTIN, TEXAS.

All article with the above heading in the Sep-
tember number of the Monthly, by Mr. Bustrin,
of Dallas, Texas, is entirely wrong in its state-
ments about what I have published on the cul-
ture of Apples, Grapes and Raspberries in
Texas. I never said or wrote that Northern
Apple trees would not grow in Texas, but I did
say that to succeed well with the Apple in the
warmer portions of Texas, it is of the greatest im-
portance to get Southern varieties from reliable
Southern nurseries. This much and no more,
and I repeat it. By the warmer portions of the
State I mean the latitude of Austin and south-
ward to the Gulf.

I know just as well as Mr. Bustrin that
INTorthern Apples often do very well in northern
Texas,where there are many fine Apple orchards,
and I have alluded to some of them in my re-
ports on the geological and agricultural survey
of the State. Kor did I publish, that Grapes
will not succeed well in Texas. Far from it. I
think there is no part of the United States which
has greater advantages for Grape culture than
Texas. With regard to Raspberries, I stated
that the black caps did well in this vicinity and
that other kinds did not. This is all. I know
this to be true from repeated trials. I presume
other kinds do well in the northern portion of
the State.

HOOSACTHORNLESS BLACKBERRY.

BY MR. GEO. WRIGHT, ROCK FALLS, ILLS.

I think a large number of the readers of the
Gardener's Monthly are looking for some
report of this Blackberry, which was advertised
with so much promise three years ago. I paid
a large price for a few plants, and during the
first Summer found them running on the ground
six or eight feet long. They stood the hard
"Winter of 1876-7 without injury, and bore no
fruit to speak of last Summer, but grew stout
canes six feet high, which I clipped back to two
feet, and this Summer they have been loaded
with a small-sized perfect berry, which is quite
Siour and bitter — more so than Kittatinny or the
wild berry. To those who can raise the Kitta-
tinny, I would say, let the Thornless alone. To
those who want a hardy berry I would advise
tbe Snyder.

I do not wish to discard the Thornless on my
grounds, for of the three varieties named, this is

the only one which has furnished sufficient berries
for a pie. The Kittatinny has proved too tender,
and this season the birds took the Snyder as fast
as they ripened. Of course the remedy is to
plant more than the birds can eat, and then I
shall try to get along without the Thornless.

A COOD WAY TO WORK OVER LARGE
FRUIT TREES.

BY JAS. M. HAYES, DOVER, N. H.

It might be of interest of some to the readers
of the Monthly for me to describe a method
of working over some Flemish Beauty Pear
trees, upon which the fruit cracked so badly as to
render them worthless. Last Summer, in the
budding season, I budded all over the trees into
all the limbs which I thought would form a per-
fect head. The buds all "took," and the present
season have grown remarkably. To be sure this
is no new discovery, but many fruit growers
think that there is no way to work over a large
tree except by the old-fashioned mode of cleft-
grafting, and which often produces unseemly
gashes upon the tree, and which it often takes a
number of years for the tree to overcome. Hence
I speak of this method of budding into the
limb, and I think it may be of service to some,
who like me are troubled with several worth-
less varieties of the Pear that are rendered so
by cracking.

VACARIES OF THE PEACH.

BY MR. O. A. ALEXANDER, MT. PULASKI, ILLS.

The communications from Mr. Downing and
others in the August and September numbers
have moved me to add my mite to the — confu-
sion, shall I say? that dominates the Peach
question. But out of chaos comes order, and
possibly I can facilitate that result a little in
the present instance. If the illustration is al-
lowable, I would suggest that this has proved to
be an eclipse year of the Peach, giving us very
unusual facilities for stuyding its coronal pheno-
mena. I mean by this that its growth and gene-
ral behavior have been so far abnormal as to
give us views of some of its characteristics much
clearer than the oldest of us, perhaps, ever liad
before.

In the August number you say : " It is evident
that comparative ripening is, in some respects,
an unknown quantity." I quote this to add that
not only is it the literal truth, but more modestly
put than the facts in my own knowledge, as well

338

77/ A' (.Ah'DENEirS MoSTUIA'

[November J

jvs those you havo published require. I first be-
iran tonotiee tlu-se fiiets more closely, June I'.tth.
lieiiiij; ill town, I was solicited by some who had
purchased trees of my own sei'dlinu;, the Alex-
ander, to see the Hums Peach. so-<alled, which
had caused some stir by a few ripe specimens,
their own showinu; no .signs of ripening soon.
Had they L'ot spurious trees, or were they so far
distanced l)y a new competitor? It had every
appearance of an Alexander except its perfect
adhesion to the pit, which led me to think it
must be different. On coming home, I began to
investigate, and this is the result. I found larger
specimens by more than one inch in circum-
ference, some of them ripe, but all with the same
tenacious hold upon the stone. This was charac-
teristic of all the early Peaches I had from lirst
to last, not excepting the Beatrice, and includ-
ing some other early seedlings of mine, which
were completely free when they fruited before.
In one row, were about two dozen Alexander
trees, some of them in the condition stated, and
some with fruit yet in the green stage, and which,
according to my best recollection, did not ripen
for some two weeks subsequently. These trees
were more or less mixed together, so that soil
and situation cannot possibly account for the
difference. I have two Amsden trees, twenty-
four feet apart, one of which ripened its fruit at
least a week, I believe, before the other.

To present and enforce a point right here,
which I think worthy of a good deal of thought,
I will select of my Alexander trees, from each
extreme, the earliest and latest. If one of the
two stocks used had carried a bud of the Ams-
den, Honeyw'ell, or Early Canada, which Mr.
Downing thinks about alike in earliness, and
had behaved in all other respects as at present,
and I had had no other tree of either kind in
bearing by which to correct the error, it is plain
that one or the other would have commended
itself to me over its rival, not only by the dif-
ference in period, t\vo weeks or more, but by
the superior size of its fruit.

Another important fact should here be stated.
The most vigorous trees, those making the most
wood growth, bore the latest and smallest fruit,
and, so far as I am able to say, in proportion to
that vigor. Can borers alone be responsible for
all this ditfereiice, or does the character of the
stock contribute its share ; or should some other,
or additional element be sought for ?

I have spoken of ripe Peaches ; I ought to cor-
rect this by saying, that no such phenomenon as

legitimate ripening, particularly of the early
I Peaches, occured here tliis year to my knowledge.
I As early ivs Fel)uary the Ituds began to swell
I freel}', growing and stopping in accordance wilii
the alternations of heat and cold, till they finally
softened, preparatory to rotting an entire month
in advance of the usual period. The result was
one side hard, the center tougli and tenacious,
and the whole unpalatable and unwholesome.
Another reJiult was unsually large fruit. A Hale
seedling, a genuine cling, had duriiii; three pre-
vious years produced small fruit invariably, less
than six inches, I judge. This year its entire
crop of five Peaches measured from nine and
one-quarter to nine and three-quarter inches.
These, ripening later, were quite good, though
not so sweet as formerly.

EDITORIAL NOTES.

Influence of the Summer on hardiness
IN Winter. — The reader will peruse with much
interest, Mr. Woodwaixl's notes on "Summer
shade for the Apple." It confirms a point fre-
quently made by the Gardener's Monthly,
that when a tree's vital powers are strained by
Summer heats or Summer drouths, such a tree
is unfitted to endure a severe Winter. And the
reader will also reaiiember that it is because a
clean surface in an orchard, often implies an ex-
cessive and deleterious increase in the tempera-
ture of the earth, among other reasons, that we
recommend the culture of grass in orchards in
many cases.

About Moles. — We were always taught that
it was not polite in company to make fun of stupid
peoples' blunders. There is no objection to this
amusement when we are by oui'selves, and there-
fore, the reader can take this paragraph which we
cut from an agricultural contemporary, into some
quiet corner, and all alone by himself, enjoy a
good laugh over it :

"A French naturalist, of the name of Henri
Lecourt, devoted a great part of his life to the
study of the habits and structure of moles, and he
tells us that they will run as fast as a horse will
gallop. By his observations he rendered essen-
tial service to a large district in France, for he
discovered that numbers of moles had under-
mined the banks of a canal, and that, unless
means were taken to prevent the catastrophe,,
these banks would give way, and inundation
would ensue. By his ingenious contrixances and

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

339

accurate knowledge of their habits, he managed 'Philadelphia markets. Very few come in for
to extirpate them before the occurrence of further sale after the Smock. Why would not there be
mischief. Moles, however, are said to be excel- profitable sale for such superior late sorts as those
lent di-ainers of land, and Mr. Hogg, the Ettrick Mr. Blodget sends us?

shepherd, used to declare that if a hundred men j ^ -j^^j^^ Source of Profit.— The country
and horses were employed to dress a pasture i ^^^j^^^ ^y^^^^ ^;^^,^^ ^^ ^^.^i^^g j^^^^, j^^^^l-^ fj.^^^ j-j^g
farm of 1500 or 2000 acres they would not do it | Eucalyptus will stand, the Baltimore Gazette
as effectually as moles would do if left to them- ^^^^g attention to the fact "that a very fine arti-

selves."

Green Manure. — Sowing the Cow-pea, and
plougliing the vines under as green manure, is
very common

in the South. The Southern Un-

cle of Sweitzer cheese can be made from the
milk of the Cocoanut. The Cocoanut could be
very profitably cultivated in the Banana zone,
along the I^ortheru Pacific railway. Gen. Dook

toyrise notices a patch of forty-one acres ready , has it in his power, too, to simplify the labor

for turning down, on the farm of Mr. Peters, near
Calhoun, in Georgia, which was sown in June
14th, putting two bushels to' the acre. On the
12th of September three feet of the vines were
flat on the ground making a mass of vegetable
matter as high as one's hips, and from the hips to
the waist the tops were erect. Three-horse
ploughs are used to turn them down.

Georgia Pears. — Pear growing seems a suc-
cess in Georgia. The Enteiyrise says that Mr.
W. W. Woodruff, of Spalding, ships them in large
quantities profitably to Northern markets. Seckel,
Bartlett and Duchess, are the kind named, and the
Mount Vernon is referred to as promising well.

Late Peaches. — With some large and re-
markably delicious Peaches on the 7th of Octo-
ber, we had the following note from Mr. Lorin
Blodgett, of Philadelphia. It is remarkable that
the Peach is not oftener employed as a fruit tree
in city yards. At any rate, such remarkable
success as Mr. Blodgett's, should incite some to
try what they can do :

"The eighth full crop of seedling Peaches has
this season about sixty bushels, — grown on 25 by
100 feet — never less than 30 bushels, and the best
trees always full. *

"Two groups were planted in 1866, the trees
began bearing in 1870, and now I have had eight
crops (see Gardener's Monthly, November,
1871) lasting from August 16th, to October 15th,
each year; always abundant, and the latest ones
excellent in every respect. No. 31 is a seedling
from No. 3, both very large, often eight ounces in
w^eight ; soft, almost to melting, and very rich in
flesh. They have furnished a full supply for
putting up, with scarcely any sugar, and for
family use for two full months."

October Peaches. — At this writing, October
8th, the Peach has almost disappeared from the

question by introducing the Bread-fruit tree in
this country. It is believed that by crossing the
Bread-fruit tree with some active variet}^ of
Spring Wheat, a species of vegetation could be
produced from which the agile Greenbacker
could pick his hot rolls in the morning without a
particle of labor. By grafting the Bread-fruit
tree on om- common Butternut tree, it is thought
that the splendid buttered waffles, so much in
vogue with the bondholders and lickspittle capi-
talists, could be produced in profusion and at lit-
tle or no cost."

Olive Oil. — TMs is said by a correspondent
to be a very successful product of Santa Barbara,
California.

California Raisins. — The Eaisin industry
of California is now on a well established basis,
and competition with the European product i&
now the order of the day.

Texan Early Peaches. — Texas is now
entering the lists with her early Peaches. Three
kinds. Dr. Brice, Ashley and Baker's Early, are
named as competitors with Amsden and Alex-
ander.

Wilder Peach. — This has fruited in Texas,
and is found to be a few days earlier than Alex-
ander. Mr. Munson finds it a " very beautiful
fruit" there.

Japanese Mushrooms. — One of the industries
of Japan is the cultivation of Mushrooms, which
are exported in large quantities from that coun-
try, and some interesting information respecting
them is given by Consul Robertson in his re-
port on the trade of Kanagawa, lately issued.
The best of the edible species of Mushrooms are
known as "Matsutake " and "Shii-take." The
ditficulties attendant on preserving the former
kind almost exclude them from the market for
export ; for not only do they decompose very

340

THE GARDENER'S MONTHLY

\NovemhtT.,

rapidly, but eveu when successfully diicd an-
nearly lasiteless, and thus useless in cookery.
The Shii-lake species, however, have this pecu-
liar excellence, that, though all but tasteless in
iheir raw state, when they are dried they have
an extremely line Havor. The quantity that
grows naturally on the decayed roots or cut
stumps of the .Shii tree is not sullicient to meet
the demand for them; consequently much skill
has bei'U brought to bear on their cultivation,
notably by cutting off the trunks of the Shii and
other trees, and forcing the growth of the Mush-
room on Ihem. Ditierent varieties of Oak are
most in favor for the cultivation of the Mush-
room, the tree known as the Shii giving, how-
ever, the best results.

About the beginning of Autumn, the trunk,
about five or six inches in diameter is selected,
and cut up into lengths of four or five feet ; each
piece is then split down lengthwise into fom*,
and on the outer bark slight incisions are either
made at once with a hatchet, or the cut logs are
left till the following Spring, and then deep
wounds, seven or eight inches long, are incised
on them. Assuming the first course to have
been pursued, the logs, after having received
several slight incisions, are placed in a wood or
grove -where they can get the full benefit of the
air and heat. lu about thi-ee years they will be
tolerably rotten in parts. After the more rot-
ten i)arts are removed they are placed against a
rack in a slanting position, and about the middle
of the ensuing Spring the Mushrooms will come
forth in abundance. They are then gathered.
The logs are, however, still kept, and are sub-
mitted to the following process : Every morning
they are put in water, where they remain till
afternoon, when they are taken out, laid length-
wise on the ground, and beaten with a mallet.
They are then ranged on end in the same slant-
ing position as before, and in two or three days
Mushrooms will again make their appearance.
When the logs are beaten so heavily that the
wood swells. Mushrooms are induced of a more
than ordinarily large growth. If the logs are
beaten gently a great number of small sized
Mushrooms grow up in succession. In places
where there is a scarcity of water, rain-water
should be kept for steeping the logs in.

There is yet another plan. The cut logs are
buried in the earth, and in a year's time are dug
out and beaten a-s above described. The Mush-
rooms thus grown are stored in a barn, on shelves
ranged along three sides, with braziers lighted

under. Afterwards they are placed in small boxes,
the bottoms of which are lined either with straw
or bamboo mats. These l)oxes are then ranged
on the shelves, and all approivches carefully
closed. An even degree of warmth is thus dif-
fused. The boxes ranged on the upper or lower
tiers are constantly changed, so that the contents
of each are tiiorouLrhly dried. Another mode of
of drying is to string the Musiu'rxims on thin slips
of bamboo, which are piled together near the
brazier ; the heat is well kept in by inverting a
closely woven basket over them. Dried Mush-
rooms, which are much liked by the Chinese and
largely consumed by the Japanese, retain their
flavor for a great lengtii of time, and thus bear
transport to any distance very well. — Pall Mall

Gazette.

•••«

NEW OR RARE FRUITS
AND VEGETABLES.

SiiARPLESs Seedling Straavberky. — In the
admirable Descriptive Catalogue of Fruits of EU-
wanger & Barry, just received, there is a beautiful
colored plate of the Sharpless Seedling Straw-
berry.

The Prentiss Grape. — We have from Mr.
Hubbard, leaves of the Prentiss Grape, showing
their hardy and healUiy character. It appears to
be derived from Vitis labrusca.

Bonne du Puits Ansults Pear.— We are
not sure that we have the orthography of this
new fruit correct, and even if we have we would
suggest that the barbarous thing be sent back to
be re-christened, feeling sure that it cannot
travel with this huge tail. We were about to
throw it out, but the aroma plead for it, and so
we tasted it, and then felt the more pity that such a
remarkably fine fruit should be saddled with so
much dead weight. We are indebted to Ell-
wanger & Barry for our taste of it.

Xew Late Peaches.— C. W. Westbrook &
Co., Wilson, North Carolina, write : " I mail
you a specimen each of Harris' Winter, Lady
Parham and Baldwin's late Peaches, all free
stones. The Harris is a new Peach and ripened
last year the 1st of November. It is just now^
coming in and will last a month. It is frost-
proof, never fails to bear, has large flowers, very
productive and keeps well, has been kept until
Christmas. How do you think it will do for the
South, for market? Will it do well in your

1878.

AND HORTICULTURIST.

341

market? The Baldwin and Lady Parham are
nearl}^ gone. Both ripened last year middle of
October.'''

[These were medium sized Peaches, Avith dry
firm flesh, and would no doubt be excellent
keepers. Where there would be a profitable de-
mand for Peaches at Cliristmas, such a late
character would be very valuable. — Ed. G. M.]

SCRAPS AND QUERIES.

Pears in the West, — An Indiana corres-
pondent, writes : "I have a fine crop of Pears.
Among the new varieties, the Mount Vernon is
fruiting the second time, and promises well, to
say the least. Bartlett, however, is the standard,
or rather most popular, but as it has to compete
with a heavy Peach crop, it does not bring a
very good price. Apples a fair crop. Grapes
poor."

Grape Borders. — J. C. S., Normal School,
Hampton, Va., writes : "I have a lean-to green-
house twenty-four and a half feet long, and about
thirteen feet wide, in which I wish to force
Grapes. It is heated by steam pipes. One end
is against the dwelling. The outside border is
about four feet wide and two feet deep, and in it
are planted close to the brick wall of the green-
house, three Black Hamburg vines, four or five
3'ears old. They are not more than three feet
high, having made but little wood this season,
and the several irregular canes are not much

thicker than one's finger. Will you kindly in-
form me through the pages of the Monthly,
how I may proceed in order to get Grapes in
cold weather, and also, how many vines I may
grow in such a house? There are two stages^
one in front, one in the middle, and shelves, like
stairs, at the back. May I grow plants without
detriment to the vines before they are old enough
to fruit? As the vines are so old, I hope to get
fruit from them sooner than from young ones.
May I bring them through the brick wall, mulch-
ing them during Winter? If they are to be
treated as though they were young vines, they
might as well be taken up and planted inside.
In that case, the front stage would of course,
have to be removed."

Grape vines three or four years old and not
over three feet high, must have something the
matter with them. What is the trouble cannot be
be gathered from our correspondent's commuica-
tion. Vines do better as a rule Avhen the roots
are in the outside border, than when the plants
are set inside. We should keep the plants out-
side, drawing the vines in through the wall. But
as the old ones have done so badly, would new
ones do any better ? Perhaps the roots are too
deep ; or the phylloxera may be injuring them.
As we remarked to another correspondent re-
cently, plants and Grape vines can be grown
together only where the gardener has very su-
perior skill and experience. It is an art that
cannot be taught, and the majority of even good
gardeners will fail in the attempt to learn it by
themselves.

Forestry.

COMMUNICA riONS.

FELLING TREES.

BY DR. A. FURNAS, DANVILLE, IND.

Allow me to differ with your correspondent,
Margid Digram, in the September number of the
Gardener's Monthly, page 274. His plan of
digging up green trees and pulling them over
with a rope, looks well enough on paper, but
it is not practical for large tracts of land. First,
it will cost from two to fifty times more than the

land is worth to rid it at once of stumps, and
when this is done, the diverging roots of many
kinds of timber are often mucli more in the way
of the plow than the stump. The Poplar, Beech,.
Elm, and Wliite and Black Walnut, are especi-
ally troublesome to plow any way near their
stumps. The common Gray Ash, also extends
its roots very near the top of the ground, but
they are so brittle that a team will ofien break
them two or three inches in diameter. Another
objection to his method is the serious injury to
the ground thus hastily brought into cultivation.

342

THE UA1WENKR6 MOyTllLY

[Nuremberg

It neither works so lively, or produces so well.
The better way and the one universally followed,
is to "sluub" out the underbrush, and ''deaden"
the larjier trees that are not valuable. That is
in the month of August, cut down all the small
brush up to three or four inches in diameter, and
iiirdle the remainder of the larger trees that are
not worth saving. In six years it will be ready
to liurn «iuite well, but will do all the better lor
laying two years longer; at which time, fire in a
dry time will often run all over the ground, and
the work of "clearing" amounts to but little.
Dead stumps are easily burned out, and those
terrible roots that have ''whacked" so many
shins, are all rotton, and the plow meets with
comparatively little obstruction. This gradual
change from shade to sunshine, with the heavy
enriching the ground receives from decaying
vegetable matter, eminently fits it for heavy
crops of Corn and Wheat, and just the place to
grow your nice thi'ifty nursery stuff. I com-
menced work of this kind in 182G, some fifty-two
A-ears ago, in central Indiana. I have helped
clear a large farm for my father, and then one
for myself, have been in many a "smoke," and
I know, whereof I testify.

THAT WEATHERSFIELD ELM.

BY JAMES J. H. GREGORY, MARBLEHEAD, 3IAS.S.

While reading the interesting article of Mr.
Manning, on the Byfield Elm, I was reminded of
the immense Elm I saw in Wethersfield, Con-
necticut, a few years ago ; and I write to ask if
some correspondent in that town, will not favor
us tree worshippers with a description of the
same, giving measurements after the excellent
plan of Mr. Manning,which almost builds the tree
before our eyes. The idea of the size of the
trunk of many large trees, particularly of tke
Elm, is oftentimes but obscurely conveyed by
writers, because they fail to state whether the
circumference given was of the trunk directly, or
included the ridges, or followed the depressions
of the tree. I have an impression that one of
the limbs of the Weathersfield giant, was about
fifteen feet in circumference. Taken as a whole,
it is decidedly the largest Elm I have ever seen
in New England, and \\\y observation included
the great Elms of Northampton, Hatfield, Deer-
field and Cumberland, of the Connecticut valley.
By the way, I remember that thirty years ago I
was told of the remains of the trunk of an old Elm
standing in Hatfield, that measured forty-two
feet in circumference, precisel}^ the measm-ement

of the Byfield tree, as Mr. Manning made it
when following its depressions, and I presume the
Ilat field tree was measured in the same way.

1 remember some twenty-five years ago measur-
ing a fine Elm on the Coha.ssett road in this State,
(Mass.,) front of the residence of Deacon Cush-
ing; it gave eighty-five feet in height, and would
nearly, or quite have touched the ground all
around had it not been necessary to cut the
branches away on one side where the public road
passed. It was one of these magnificent umbrella
Elms, with a top almost spherical. I noted at
the time that, among several seedlings of some
size that had sprung up in the vicinity were sev-
eral of the same symetrical form, which led me to
believe that probably the tree would repeat itself
in its seedlings', probably it merits the attention
of nurserymen. This grand monarch bore on its
side at that time, a piece of board which was care-
fully painted "Planted 172(3." I trust Mr. Editor,
if we are favored with the dimensions of the
Weathersfield Elm, we should have given in the
circumference of that main limb, and better if of
all the principal limbs. If any funds are needed
to hoist a ladder up there for the purpose, draw
on me for the same.

THE LOCUST TREE.

B Y S. , RUTGERS COLLEGE , NEW BRUNSWICK, N. J.

The following statistics of Locust timber cut
on the farm of J. G. Smock, near Holmdel, Mon-
mouth Count}', N. J., show the value of this tree,
and the desirableness of planting it more exten-
sively. This farm has several acres of banks
and ground unsuited for tillage. About sixty
years ago Locust trees were set out at wide in-
tervals on these banks. The trees first set out
were cut years ago. From these the whole area
was covered by a thick second growth, and dur-
ing the past year the trees of this growth were
cut. These have been worked into fencing tim-
ber, and have yielded 4500 five-hole fence posts,
which at forty cents, iire worth S1800 ; 800 garden
fence posts, at twelve cents, S9G ; and about 700
fence stakes ; in round numbers the fence mater-
ials may be put at S2000. The cost of cutting is
ofiset by the fuel in shape of tops which are unfit
for other uses. From one grove thirty-seven hund-
reths of an acre in extent, there were 1400 five-hole
posts; 150 garden-fence posts; and 200 fence
stakes cut. At this rate the product of an acre
would be about S3000. It must also be stated
that these Locust groves were in good grass and

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

343

the pasturage thereon was an item not to be
omitted, although in this case it was not estimated.
These figures show that the Locust tree is one
of our most profitable forest trees, and its adap-
tion to uneven ground, or side hills which cannot
be profitably cultivated, adds to its value. The
more extended use of this valuable wood ought
to claim the attention of our people, and widen
the area of its cultivation.

EDITORIAL NOTES.

A Large Catalpa. — Mr. Horace J. Smith
writes : "I measured a Catalpa tree in Fair-
mount Pax'k, on the river drive, west side, this
morning, and found it to be thirteen feet in cir-
■cumference, at an average of one foot from the
■ground (it is on a hillside), showing a trunk four
feet diameter. Would a section or slab be of in-
terest ?"

[What will those Western friends think who
believe Southern Indiana produces the only
"hardy" Catalpa? Though Mr. Smith does
not say so, we can assure them that this Penn-
sylvania tree is not growing in the mammoth
•conservatory in Fairmount Park, but is actually
in the open air, and has probably been there
through a hundred Winters. How many annual
rings has it, Mr. Smith ? But we hope there will
be no attempt to take a slab from it. Better let
the old Catalpa stand.]

Locust Timber. — We call particular atten-
tion to an article on Locust timber in this month's
issue, as showing how much more profit there
may be in timber raising than is generally sup-
posed. It does not require a very long life to
"bring a plantation to profit. It is well to re-
member that profitable timber culture does not
mean coyping what Mr. Smock has done, but in
finding out just what is suited to one's soil and
locality, and what is likely to be in profitable
demand. In many parts of our country the Lo-
cust is so seriously affected by the Locust borer,
that its growth is comparatively slow, and the

quality of the timber injured. In other parts of
the country the Locust leaf miner is a serious
objection. Then the timber is unfit for railroad
ties, or for any purpose where nailing to it is re-
quired, and all these, seriously limit its market.
For mere posts, firewood, or street pavements, it
is among the best of all woods.

Native Sumac— The Reading Times and
Dispatch says : " There is a stead}^ market at
present for the leaves of the wild Sumac which
grows upon the hills and commons of Berks
county, the demand being greater than the sup-
ply. The leaves are much used in the tanning
of Morocco leather, for the manufacture of dyes
and other purposes. In some localities the
gathering of Sumac leaves at this season of the
year is quite an industry. The branches of the
Sumac bushes are broken off, loaded upon hay
wagons and, after being cured, conveyed to the
nearest railroad station. There is considerable
Sumac in Montgomery county, and there is also
a good deal in this county along the Wissahickon,
Schuylkill, etc., and this may be a hint worth

taking,"

<•-•<

SCRAPS AND OUERIES.

Catalpa Coffins. — A correspondent sug-
gests that on account of its durability, this tim-
ber deserves the attention of cabinet makers
and undertakers.

Alnus Oregona and Acer macrophyl-
LUM. — A correspondent writing from Washing-
ton Territory, says the Alnus Oregona is an ex-
cellent timber tree there. It grows rapidly,
makes splendid fuel, and is valuable for charcoal.
It is also extensively used by cabinet makers,
being almost the only wood used for bent work
in their business. Without giving its particular
uses he also speaks highly of the Acer macro-
phyllum as a useful forest tree. We have heard
before of its extreme beauty in the forests of
that Territory, and the trees growing up in the
Eastern States show its ornamental character.

Natural History and Science.

COMMUNICA TIONS.

LICHTNiNC AND BEECH TREES.

BY REV. L. J. TEMPLIN, HUTCHINSON, KANSAS

I see a discussion in the Gardener's Monthly but from my own observation, I know the rule

of this question, as to whether the Beech tree is
ever struck by lightning. With the general
opinion against such an occurrence I think there
is no question. The event is exceedingly rare:

344

THE GARDENER'S MONTJU. )'

[November f

has exceptions. I remember some twenty-seven
or twenty-eight years ago a Beech tree standing
in a wood just back of my fatlier's residence,
near the village of lilountsville, not far from the
iiortli-cast corner of Ilonry county. Ind., was
>tru(k by the electric Iluid. According to my
present recollection, the tree wjvs struck some
twentj-five feet from the ground, and a piece
three or four inches wide, and one and a-half
inches deep wa.s torn out from that to the roots.
This is the onl}' case of this tree being struck
with lightning that ever came under my obser-
vation, although it was a common occurrence for
other species of timber to be destroyed by this
cause. The Beech makes an excellent shade
tree, and is probably as free from danger from
lightning as any that can be used for stock shel-
ter in pastures, or for lawn shade trees.

RDITORIAL NOTES.

ABSTRACT OF PAPER "ON HYBRIDS IN
NATURE. "

BY THOMAS MEEHAN, GERMANTOW^N, PHILA.

Read before the American Association for the Advancement of
Science, at St. Louis, August 1S7«.

The author shows that hyln-id plants must be
rare in nature, for the following reasons, which
with the experiments and observations on which
they are founded, were given in detail :

1st. Intermediate forms are thought to be hy-
brids, because they are intermediate ; but actual
experiment rarely results in intermediate forms.

2nd. Hybrids, when fertile, rarely reproduce
their exact forms from seed.

3rd. Hybrids could not therefore spread them-
selves over large districts and preserve their
identity.

4th. The same two parent species rarely pro-
duce the same hybrid form though the tiowers
be from the same two plants, and though the act
of crossing be performed at the same time; there-
fore identical forms in distant places if of hybrid
parentage, could scarcely have spread from one
original, if at all.

5th. The Avide distribution of some supposed
hybrids, must therefore impl}' a remote origin
in geological time, not well harmonizing with
their supposed beginning between modern spe-
cies.

6th. The facts connected with supposed hy-
brids in nature are more consistent with the
theory of innate and sudden evolution of forms,
as propounded by the author in former papers
before the association.

Native place of the Miononette. — It i&
now stated in the Garilcncr''s Chrum'cle that nO'
one ha.s gathered the Mignonette truly indigen-
ous anywhere.

Wheat and Chess again.— The agricultural
editor of the Chicago Tribune has seen, at last, a
head of Wheat in which grew something which
"in color, size and outward appearance was
Chess." He then goes on to say:

"The head of Wheat was taken to Prof. Bur-
rill, of the Industrial University, for his examin-
ation. Prof. Burrill is of the opinion that the
grains shown are Chess, but does not say
positively that they grew in the head of Wheat.
We are of the opinion that they did grow there,
and we doubt not that Mr. B. would say the
same, where he not perhaps afraid that a posi-
tive assertion might subject him to ridicule."

It strikes us that this paragraph does great in-
justice to Prof. Burrill, whose reputation as a
careful botanist is well known. Prof. Burrill is
no doubt perfectly justified in withholding his
positive assertion as a man of science, without
any "fear of ridicule." Prof. B. would not long
withhold his opinion if the facts could be proved-

The English Sparrow, and Seeds anD'
Fruits. — "Maryland" asks: "Can you tell me
positively whether the English spaiTow will eat
seeds and fruit?"

[Positively they will eat seeds. We have no-
knowledge of their eating fruits. There is na
particular reason why they should not, for the
robin is an insectivorous bird, but yet keeps a
longing eye on our Cherry trees. It is likely
these birds are all of one stripe, — a mixture of
good and evil. — Ed. G. M.]

What ls a Weed. — A writer quotes Ralph
Waldo Emerson as defining a weed to be "a plant
whose use has not been discovered." If this be
Mr. Emerson's, he had better try again, for a.
weed is not a plant the use of which has not been
discovered. Numberless weeds, and vile weeds-
too, have very good uses.

Clematis. — A correspondent of the Gardener's
Chronicle, is puzzled over the pronunciation of
this word. He has heard it pronounced "Cle-
mattis," "Clemaitis," and "Clemawtis," and
does not know "which is which." It is very
singular that he does not seem to have heard of
Clemma-tis which is the correct pronunciation.

1878.

AND HORTICULTURIST.

345

Andromeda arborea. — This is the name of
the specimens sent by R. J. Black, Bremen, Ohio.
It is known as the "Sorrel tree," and in many
respects is one of the most beantiful of the smaller
trees of Northern Ohio. It is surprising it is
not in more general cultivation.

Snow Plant of California.— The Califor-
nia Horticulturist for September, gives a colored
engraving of this singular plant, Sarcodes san-
guinea.* It is of a blood red color "like a shoot
of Asparagus," and is sometimes found growing
tlirough a thin stratum of melting snow in the
Sierra Nevadas, whence its common name.

Sulphur and Yellow Fever Germs. —
Some people have assumed that the yellow fever
is caused by vegetable germs generated in the
atmosphere. It is very remarkable that no one
seems to test the supposition, and decide posi-
tivel}'- whether it is or not so. When the cele-
brated horse disease was progressing through the
country, such a theory was conjectured in rela-
tion to that malady, and then found to be a de-
monstrable fact. Moistened glass was exposed
to the atmosphere before the disease appeared,
and after it had arrived; and in all cases, on the
glass in the latter case was discovered by pow-
ful microscopes a minute fungus called Aspergil-
lus and the same was found in the mucous dis-
charge from the nostrils of afflicted horses.
There could be little doubt that the Aspergillus
initiated the horse disease. It is quite likely
that some such minute body is connected with
the yellow fever, but why not try whether
it is so or not by systematic observations?
In a jSTew York paper recently, Mr. Peter
Henderson points out that many forms of
fungoid matter are destroyed by light doses of
the fumes of sulphur that are not particularly in-
jurious to the higher order of animal life ; and if
this disease is of this nature, relief may be sought
for in this direction. It is worth more than a
passing thought when Mrs. Ingram, of Xashville,
tells us that in many places of every ten fever
patients that go under a doctor's hands eight die.
In New Orleans one-third die. There is cei'-
tainly room for discovery.

Since Avriting the above, we note b}^ the New
Orleans papers that sulphur fumes have been
most throughly tried, us well as other things,
with no perceptible result.

One of the most valuable experiences is that
of the steamer R. 0. Stannard, which went from
New Orleans to St. Louis and back. The cap. ;

tain appears to have had an idea that by strict
popular precautions he could get through all
right. He had the strictest attention given to
cleanliness. The vessel was washed with sulphur
white wash, fumigated thorougly with tar and sul-
phur, and chloride of lime used freely, and the
precautions were continuous, and careful. No
better chance could offer for testing these pre-
cautions than in an isolated vessel like this, but
the plague swept through his vessel as elsewhere.

The fact is Ave do not yet know that the fever
poison is certainly furgoid germs, and this mat-
ter, as we have already stated is the first thing
to be ascertained.

The whole subject interests horticulturists, of
all others in the community, because the loca-
cations of om- houses and the sanitary surround-
ings are among the first to be decided by the
landscape gardener ; and then again the know-
ledge which horticulturists have to gain of the-
working of minute forms of plant and animal
life may be of good service in tracing out the
origin of the plague.

The commissioners appointed by the govern-
ment to investigate the matter, are no more likely
to discover the cause than similar commissions
have done, and their recent circular shows that
they are not likely to do much. The twenty-five
questions they have sent out for answers, remind
us of some sent out by agricultural societies
when they wish to find, out which of the new
fruits are best adapted to general cultivation.
The answers will be more conspicious for what
they do not tell, than for what they do.

Fruiting of the Stapelia. — This some-
times, but not often fruits under Cultivation. Mr.
Amnion Burr, of Dallas, Texas, has had one to-
seed. It is like most of the asclepiadacese in form.
The flowers are well known for their singular
appearance, which obtains for them the name
of "Toad flowers," and for their foetid smell,,
which attracts flies as dead bodies do. The
flower is always w' ell worth a study from its ar-
rangements which are so constructed as to catch
insects under some circumstances.

Experiments in Testing Seeds. — From
time to time experiments have been published in
regard to the quality of seeds. Some are bought
from one place, some from another, and some
from somewhere else. These are counted and
sown side by side ; fifty grow from one sample,
sixty from another, sevent5--five from another, and
the results published to the advantage of one or

346

THE (iAUDEXEIVS MOyTULV

{November^

the other as the euse may be. But these shifjle
experiments often do u;reat in just lee. There are
scores of reasons wh}- seeds do not grow besides
their l)eing bad. The only fair test of seeds, is
to take five or more difTerent lots of the same
seed, and take the average for comparison for
competition with a similar set from the other
kind.

EuAi)UATiN"<i KAHE PLANTS. — A Correspon-
dent of the Gai(leiier\s Chronicle, thus goeth for
ye man who cleaneth out ye last specimens.
We rather suspect he took care to have in his
own herljarium a ''Malaxis paludosa" a "Cyp-
ripedium," and a '' Lizard orchis" before he saw
''with liorror" and so forth. Still the lover of
rare plants, may sympathize with the wail
which in his better moments he gives, especially
lus it is beginning to apply to our own country:

" In Britian it has been rendered necessary to
legislate for the protection of wild birds, for the
same reason ; but as yet the law has not reached
our wild plants, which, owing to the greed of
eradicators, under the cognomen of botanists,
are becoming more and more rare — nay, some
are extinct ; and owing to the spread of a taste
for having in a garden what would look better
wild, we shall soon have to go far afield to find
a Primrose or a Fern. "Would that eradicators
would exercise their spuds on such plants as
Docks, Dandelions, and Thistle, and deserve
thanks instead of reprobation. We have heard
of a collector who, once calling on a country
"botanist to inquire the wherealjouts of a rare
English plant, Malaxis paludosa, was asked if
he were an "Eradicator," and replied he was a
*' Botanist," a talismanic term, which so touched
the hearer that he kindly took some trouble to
indicate the desired spot, when the "Botanist,"
espying in a damp spot a single specimen, sprang
on the devoted plant and uprooted it, much to the
horror of the cicerone.

0 where are Cypripedium, the Lizard Orchis,
•&C., &c. ? They are in Herbaria, if not eaten by
beetles, and the fortunate owner of the last spec-
imen is not ashamed to boast its possession. If
it were the last Dandelion or Shepherd's Purse,
he'w^ould be more deserving of credit."

How THE Root Grows. — "When the plant
is in a natural state, the method of growth of
the roots provide it with all necessary supplies.
The rootlets, as has been said, lengthen at the
extremities, and creep through all the little cre-
vices and passages they can find, constantly tak-

ing new mouths to new food. In the soil of the
garden subject to artific-ial ditVuuUies, this is the
reason why we keep the roots from being tram-
pled on, and fork the borders to keep the soil
open and free. Therefore also it is not good,
except in particular cases, to use sifted earth, for
it clogs hardl}^ together, and therefore we often
put l)rick rubbish and rough lumpy vegetable
mould, or morsels of turf, that there may be suf-
ficient passages for the roots; and here also is
the reason of one of the most frequent disap-
pointments to the amateur in moving plants.
Some special plant is admired in a neighbor's
garden, and a specimen is kindly bestowed; but
who would ofler a plant all loose earth? So, ac-
cordingl}', before it is papered up, the remnants
of a ball are smoothed, and kneaded, and patted,
till it is as tough as a ball of dough, and the
root-fibers are tightly fixed in the mass. — Gar-
dener^s Chronicle.

Pasteur's Theory of Fermentation. — A
correspondent asks us to state in the Journal
what is the so-called " Pasteur theory of fer-
mentation." According to M. Pasteur, fermen-
tation is a very common phenomenon ; it is life
without air, without free oxygen ; and ferments,
properly so-called, are organisms which easily
accommodate themselves to this mode of life, —
organisms independent of air, which grow at the
expense of oxygen in combination with sugar.
But moulds, generally living in the air, can
themselves become ferments if they are com-
pelled to vegetatCf without air. It also suffices
to immerse saccharine fruits in carbonic acid
gas to produde a spontaneous alcholic fermenta-
tion, by a kind of perversion of the chemical pro-
cess of nutrition, which is afterwards kept up bj'^
means of oxygen of the sugar. The vegetable
cellule , instead of elaborating sugar, lives upon
that which exists in the fruit, and transforms it
into alcohol. Grapes, Melons, Oranges, if con-
fined under a bell-glass filled with carbonic
acid, ferment at once, though no trace of yeast
can be discovered in the pulp of these fruits.
"While Plums exposed to the air become very
soft and sugary, the same Plums in carbonic acid
gas become firm, hard, lose much sugar, and,
if distilled, yield alcohol. Hence there is every
reason to believe that fermentation is nothing
more than an example of nutrition by means of
combined oxygen ; but it must be added that
free oxygen is necessary for commencing the
fermentation by awakening the vital activity of
the ferment. — Journal of Chemistry.

1878.

AND HORTICULTURIST.

347

Literature, Travels \ Personal Notes,

EDITORIAL NOTES.

"Our Chromo." — If our readers will only
Avait patiently tell next month, we think they
will be pleased with a present we shall make
them. It is not generally known that we started
the chromo gift business. We cannot find out
neAV customers, but each one of oyr readers
knows his neighbor, and can easily introduce our
magazine. So we wished to make our acknow-
ledgements by a present, and determined
to give each something handsome for the
good services in our behalf. So we started the
chromo — not '' true copies of Love-in-a-mist,"
or what's his name " In-a-bush," and Avhich "the
receiver could not buy for five dollars," but
Avhich was generally sold in the end for a half
cent per pound, " all ma'am that sich paper is
bringing now," but sometliing that may be con-
sidered, if so chosen, a part and parcel of the
work. Of course those who come in " at the
eleventh hour," and get no subscribers for us
under this system, get paid as well as those
who endure "the heat and burden of the day,"
and make the jDublisher smile as he reads
"with my subscription, on tliis occasion, I
take pleasure in adding one for my neighbor ;"
but then Ave have good example for this gener-
ous treatment, and feel that we have at least a
right to expect to say, " thank you" besides, and
those Avho don't send fail to get Ibis. But — Avell,
Sinclair promises to put forth bis best eftbrts on
our "chromo," and good reader be patient, and
wait, and see.

The Postal Laws. — There is nothing more
to be dreaded than the political grumbler. The
Avrongs of which he complains are generally
unbearable, until he or his party is in power,
and then they are beds of down, on which not
even bad di-eams trouble him. But we really
think the postal laws of a great nation like tliis
might be amended, without interfering one cent
Avitli its prosperity. In an editor's otHcc, or for
the matter of that, the office of any large horticul-
tural establishment, plants are sent for name.

j for opinions, and these and other things are sent
1 for all sorts of reasons, but no writing must be
! inside. They come to us by the dozen, and it is
almost impossible to tell till Ave find the letter,
what they are sent for. It is often two or three
days before the letter, and the package relating
thereto are brought together, and the care and
labor this bringing together involves is no mean
tax on the busy man's life. If a few lines of
explanation Avere permitted in such package,
what a Avorld of trouble it would save. As a
postal card only costs one cent and a letter three
cents, what does the Government lose by the
writing inside the package ? When a letter cost
a shilling, there might be some objection, but
what does it amount to under our modern rates
of postage? The suggestion made in our col-
umns, sometime ago, by Mr. E. Hall, at least
seems unobjectionable, that a person be allowed
to put a three-cent postage stamp in addition to
the legal postage on the package, to be taken
as a sign that the sender has a letter inside, and
the package be allowed to pass, Avhether the
ends be "gummed" or not, without further mo-
lestation or detention. What possible objection
, can there be made to this plan ? If there be
■ any objection that Ave do not see, Ave should be
glad to give place to it.

KoYAL Love for Wild Floavers.— The
following from an English paper is only the
story of a few Avild floAvers, and yet it has its
thoughtful features Avhich make it well Avorthy
of a place in our columns. It is said that one
touch of nature makes all the world of kin, and
both prince and peasant may perhaps find their
kinship in nature more readily among Avild
floAvers than an3fwbere else :

"On the ?>lst of August, Mr. William Cosstick,
section of the Eastbourne Cemetery, had the
i pleasure of presenting a collection of Avild
! floAvers to the Princesses of Hesse, and their Royal
Highnesses showed their heart}'^ acceptance of
the present by sending a messenger to Mr. Coss-
tick, requesting him to come to High Cliff
House and explain the nature of the flowers,
and also to plant the Drosera amongst the sphag-

348

THE GARDENEIVS MONTULV

\yorcmbei

num. He also received a special reciuest to col-
lect for II. K. II., (lie Grand Diuliess of Hesse,
a bouquet of Krica tftralix and Erica i-iiierca to
take away with her on leaving Eastbourne. He
packed it for her, also the Drosera for the Royal
children, and the wild tlower.s to take to Ger-
many, with the tickets attached, with English
and Latin names, as mementos of tlie visit to
Eastbourne. Their Royal Highu^jsses were so
much pleased with the Drosera that Mr. Coss-
tick has promised to send a packet of seed to
their residence in Germany. The Grand Duchess
presented him with a group portrait of the Royal
family of Hesse.""

"Winter Greeneries at Home. — By Rev

Dr. Johnson,— Xew York, published by the
Orange Judd Company. — We learn by the pre-
face that Rose and Lih- Richmond, Mary Miner,
Jenny "Weeks, Daisy Bm-ritt, and Miss Flora
united in asking Uncle Edw^ard to write an ac-
count of his successful window gardening, and
that this work is the response. "We were rather
surprised that Pitttburg ladies should have to ask
a man how to grow window flowers, for here in
Philadelphia the women beat the men at this
pleasant work, and there are not a few good
gardeners who often feel a little envious that
with all their skill, the women in their windows,
have better plants than they, with all their
greenhouses and conveniences can produce.
However, it seems there are men who can, for
all, teach the ladies a little more than they know
about these things, and Dr. Johnson is certainly
one of them. "Window gardening just now,
especially, is attracting marked attention, and
this beautifully printed and pleasantly chatty
book is just timely and very welcome.

The title "greeneries" strikes the ear
strangely at first, and one is half disposed to re-
sent it; but after all, "greenhouse" must
have sounded just as odd when originally intro-
duced •, and it is about as appropriate as window
garden, or any other term in use. And then it
conveys a ])etter idea of Avhat we can do wuth a
window; for we can have "window green" when
we may not have " window flowers," and Ave
have often expressed our wonder in these pages
that more attention was not given simply to
green leaves and half-hardy things. To us, it is
not among the least of the many merits of this
little work, that it shows how very much may
be made of foliage alone. Perhaps some of the
practical directions might bear comment. For

instance, where we are told that it is only neces-
sary to transfer the J^ily of (he Valley from (he
garden to pots, to get them (o flower well in (he
"Winter time. Roots of (he Lily of the Valley,
matured in other countries, flower thus ea.sily;
but we have known of many attempts to flower
American roots this way, and they have never
succeeded that we know of. The usual practice
is to grow them in pots or boxes one year first.
Again we were surprised to read that " in the
case of red spider, drowning will be more
convenient. Keep the stems submerged for an
hour." Some years ago the writer of this imag-
ined they could be; tkowned, and put half a dozen
of Gardenias covered with both red spider and
mealy bug in a barrel of water, under a spring,
for forty-eight hours, but of neither insect could
a single dead one be found. Again the " con-
stantly moist atmosphere" recommended to
keep down red spider on room plants, is not
very easily secured. But practical experience
always differs. People will not want to criticise
this pretty book from this stand point. It is
full of very useful hints that every window gar-
dener may profit by.

The Hog. — The Varieties to Raise, Gen-
eral Management and Diseases— By Dr.

Thomas Pollard, Commissioner of Agriculture
of Virginia. — "We have received under this name,
what seems to be a comprehensive treatment
of the subject. In 77 pp., pamphlet form.

Preliminary Studies on the North
American PYRALiDiE — By A. R. Grote, from
the author. — This is a part of the report of
a commission that has been of immense service
to American science. In this, Mr. Grote gives a
full account of t^e new Zimmerman Pine Pest,
Pinipestis Zimmermanii, a very destructive
insect to the red and white Pines. Besides
these natives, it attacks the Scotch and
Austrian imported Pines. " The wounds occur
on its main stem, usually below the inser-
tion of a branch. On cutting into the bark
beneath the exuding pitch, the larva may be
found, which measures about eighteen milli-
metres when full grown. The head is shining
Chestnut brown, with black mandibles. The
bod}' is livid or blackish green, marked with
series of black dots, each giving rise to a single
bristle. The prothoraic shield is blackish. Thef
larva has three pair of thoracic or true-jointed
feet, and four abdominal or false feet, besides

1878.

AND HORTICULTURIST.

349

anal claspers. This larva, eating on the inner
side of the bark, and making furrows in the
wood, causes the bleeding, which, when the de-
pletion is excessive or continuous, and especially
in the case of young trees, has proved fatal."
Pinipestis Zimnaermanii seems to be one of the
most destructive of Lepidopterous insects to
timber. I have seen a number of young Pine
trees killed by it."

The Journal of Forestry. — A Journal
especially devoted to forest culture, and forest
interests, was the newest ventiu-e in rural litera-
ture in London a j^ear ago. The first volume
has just been completed, and proves to be a
great success. Ko one seemed to think pre-
viously to its appearance that a monthly solely
devoted to such a specialty could be made so
continually interesting as to hold subscribers for
any length of time ; but the Journal of Forestry
in these respects exhibits all the signs of long
life and of increasing strength with increasing
years.

Dr. H. a. Savasey.— We gave a brief note in
our last of the death of this excellent gentleman.
We find in Our Home Journal, fuller accounts of
his decease :

Died — At Tangipalioa, La., on Wednesday, September 18, at 9
A. M., of yellow fever, H. A. SWASEY, M. D., aged 54 years; a
native of St. John.sbiiry, Vermont, — a resident in' the South
for many years.

We make the above announcement with deep
sorrow. It is not easy to replace men like Dr.
Swasey, and the void created by his death will
be keenly felt outside of the home circle.

Dr. Swasey died at his post of duty. A physi-
cian's field of action, in the country, extends over
a considerable area. He was in Washington
parish, many miles from home, when he became
aware of the attack of this fearful disease. He
nevertheless visited his patients and adminis-
tered to their relief, before caring for himself.
This delay proved fatal. The fever, at first,
yielded to treatment, but later, unfavorable
symptoms developed and — we mourn his loss.

During a useful and busy life our friend was
connected with the agricultural press. He was
for a considerable time editor of Our Home Jour-
nal. Previously he published a horticultural
paper at Yazoo City, Miss., and was on the staff
of the Rural Alahamian, at Mobile, Ala. Sub-
sequently he took editorial charge of the South-
ern Plantation, at Montgomery, Ala.

After his second marriage, in 1876, he settled

in Tangipahoa and resumed the practice of his
profession. His agricultural and horticultural
knowledge he did not, however, hide under a
bushel but he freel}' dispensed it for the good of
the world at large. Much of Southern agricul-
tural and horticultural knowledge is due to his
earnest and unselfish labor.

Dr. Swasey was twice married. Four daugh-
ters, by his first marriage, mourn his lo.ss. In
187(3 he married Miss Rosaline Harris, sister of
our esteemed townsman Otis Harris, Esq. The
widow and an only son survive him. Requiescat
in 2) ace.

Since the above was in type the friends of the
late distinguished Southern horticulturist, Dr.
Swasey, will have the additional pain of learn-
ing that his daughter Ida has also fallen a vic-
tim to the yellow fever.

Col.Daniel Dennett, one of the best known
and most useful horticultural writers in the
Southern States, has received a severe blow in
the loss of his son by the yellow fever. He re-
mained in charge of the telegraph station at
VicksDurg and died at his post.

Insect Powder. — Why the flowers of the com-
posite plants Pyrethrum carneum and P. roseum,
when pulverized to form the well-known " Per-
sian Insect Powder," should prove so destnictive
to insects, while perfectly innocuous to other
forms of animal life, has not hitherto been under-
stood. Rother, who has investigated the chemical
composition of P. roseum, ascribes its active
powers to the presence of an acid, or, more pro-
perly, of a glycoside ,Avhich he terms Persicin . It is
a brown non-cry stallizable substance, having the
odor of honey, and when boiled with hydrochlo-
ric acid is converted into sugar and Persiretin.
With alkalies it forms a neutral amorphous salt,
as well as an acid crystallizable one. Persire-
tin also behaves like an acid. The plant con-
tains, in addition, an oily resin-like acid, Persi-
cein. No alkaloid was found by Rother. Bel-
lesone, however, obtained from the plant a crys-
tallizable substance which exhibited exceedingly
acetic properties. Hager, who has examined
the flowers of both P. carneum and P. roseum,
attributes their insecticide effects to the presence
of two substances, one of which, a body allied
to triraethylamine, is combined with an acid in
the flower. This powder as well as the pollen
has a peculiarly powerful efiect as an irritant.
Hager finds that aqueous or alcoholic extracts

THE GARDENER'S MOXTllLY

[November ^

of the powdered flowers contain little of these
ingri'dients, and consequently to lu- of no value
as insecticides. — Scientific A»iiri<(in.

Bahama Fkuits. — A largo proportion of the
area of the Bahama Islands is devoted to the
(.ultivation of fniit, of whicli Oranges and Pine
AppU'sare the principal, and at the present time
the lields in the estates on which the Pine Ap-
ples are growing, form a peculiar feature in the
landscape. The appearance of the broad ex-
panse of young fruit, with its clusters of deli-
cately tinted but sharp and serrated leaves, rising
only a short distance from the ground, and cov-
ering the unduhvting lields, produces a very re-
markable eflect. In no other branch of agriculture
can so curious a picture be produced as in the
growth of these Bahama fruits. As many as a
million and a half of the fruit has been collected
from a single acre at one crop. The appearance
of these Pine Apple estates has as little in com-
mon with sugar plantations, or paddy fields of
the tropics, as with the corn lields or vineries of
Europe. In a few weeks these Pine Apples
will be making their appearance in the English
markets. They are shipped in an unripe state,
and mature during the ' voyage, and hence are
not so excellent in quality as the English hot-
house fruit, or as if they were properly ripened
in the ground. The Pine Apples of Xew Provi-
dence, however, are superior to any other variety,
and often attain an enormous size. One, grown
in Pembrokeshire, weigliing IO2 pounds, and
measuring lUi inches in height, exclusive of the
stalk and crown, and twent3'-two inches in cir-
cumference, was served up at the coronation
banquet of George IV., and since then the im-
proved modes of cultivation have greatly in-
creased the size and quality of the fruit. There
is an enormous demand for the Bahama Pine
Apples both in Europe and America. — The Colo-
nies and India.

Catalpa BiCtXOxides, variety Speciosa.
— The merit of noting the distinction between
the two forms of Catalpa appears to be due pri-
marily to Mr. Suel Foster, of Muscatine, Iowa.

Trade in Flowers at Paris. — The trade
in flowers and plants assumes extraordinary pro-
portions at Paris. The rents of the stalls in the
various flower niarkets amount to 100,000fr., so
that it may be imagined that no small number
of Geraniums, Pansies, and pots of Mignonette
must be sold before any profit is made. The ;

market of the Cite comes first on the list, with
40,000fr. of rent ; that of the Madeleine, 16,tRK)fr.-,
that of St. Sulpice, 2,7(M)fr.-, and those of the
Place Clichy and Place Voltaire, .')(Mifr. The
annual commerce in room plants is calculated
at more than a million of francs.

Thanks. — The; secretaVies of the nnxny horti-
cultural societies in tlie country, which have
kindly sent complimentary admission tickets to
the editor, will please accept his best thanks.

Nursery Visits. — Nurserymen complain that
people do not visit their grounds as formerly,
but the Norfolk J)ailj/ Ledger says : '' That large
numbers make daily calls on the beautiful nur-
sery grounds of Mr. Daniel Barker of that place."

Benja^iin G. Smith. — This, and not B. J.
Smith, should be the name connected with a re-
cent interesting note on the Dwarf June-Berry
from Cambridge, Mass.

The Place for the Sun-Dial.— Old Mills,
■the optician of Milwaukee, sold a sun-dial to
Pitman, a short time ago, with the assurance
that it was a first-rate timekeeper. About a
fortnight afterwards Pitman called at the shop
and said: "Say, Mills, that sun-dial ain't worth
a cent; it's no good as a timepice anywa3\"
" Did you ever time it by your watch ?" '' Cer-
tainly I did. I've stood close to it often exactly
at the even hour, and the blessed thing has never
struck the time once." "Impossible! Why
you did not expect it to strike the hours, did you ?
It do'nt strike, of course ; it has no works inside."
"That's what puzzles me," says Pitman. "If
it ain't got no inside, how is it going to go ?"
" Mr. Pitman, where have 5'ou placed that sun-
dial— in the garden ?" "Garden! My gracious,
no! What do I want with a timapiece in the
gax'den? It's hung in the settin'-room agin the
wall."

Australian International Exhibition.

Australia is to have an International Exhibi-
tion at Melbourne, in 1880. The lUustrated Atis-
tralian, of June 10th, has plans of the buildings,
and is besides full of beautiful illustrations of
Australian scenery, and representations of Aus-
tralian enterprises. Any one interested in either
Australia or its International Fair, would do well
to send for a copy of this number. The price is
twenty-five cents, and the address, Melbourne,
Australia.

1878.1

AXn HORTICULTURIST.

351

Horticultural Societies.

EDITORIAL NOTES.

Pe;n^^\sylvais^ia HorticultuRxVL Society.
— The Annual Exhibition was one of the most
successful held for some years. The immense
hall was crowded every night, one evening five
thousand persons having been present. The
critical manner in which everything was ex-
amined, showed how well adapted these exhi-
bitions are for educational institutions. The
chief attractions were the huge Ferns, Palms,
and leaf plants, which, growing in value from
5'ear to 3'ear, excite the envy as well as the ad-
miration of those whose pockets are slim, and
afibrd an annual treat to the multitude who can
here enjoy them. In this particular depart-
ment the enterprising firm of Hvigh, Graham &
Co., excelled.

So far as cultural skill is concerned, Mr. Wm.
Joyce, gardener to Mi's. M. W. Baldwin, made
a decided sensation by his admirable growth of
Caladiums. Philadelphia gardeners are cele-
brated for their growth of these plants, but these
out-did them all.

The great missing link in the exhibition was
in connection with flowering plants. These
have almost wholly disappeared.' The only
redeeming feature of this kind was furn-
ished by a poor woman, who, with her little son,
brought them to the exhibition in their arms.
It is true they were only Cockscombs, Geran-
iums and Balsams, and similar common things;
and the Balsam had but three flowers on it, and
the pjant was less than six inches high ; and
then the plants were growing in cracked tea-
pots, little paint kegs and old shells. But it
was quite a relief to see plants with flowers as
well as great Palms and Ferns, and though no
doubt some might have thought these fifty little
things poor specimens for a great Pennsylvania
Horticultural Exhibition, it is a pleasure to know
for flowering plants' sake that the "widow's mite"
received a special premium.

But there was one exhibitor wlio deserves
great praise for something really attractively new
to an exhibition, Mr. E. Sturtevant, of Borden-

town, X. J., who made a display of Water Lilies,
Nymphiea coerulea, the light blue ; the remark-
ably brilliant red X. dentata; and IS,, dentata
Devoniana ; and our own sweet white N. odor-
ata. This pretty red white and blue combina-
tion, floating with their glaucous green leaves
in a little fountain made for them, was particu-
larly attractive.

The cut flower department was one of the
most brilliant ever made at an exhibition in
America. Most of the leading florists in Phila-
delphia participated. It is questionable how far
into good taste we may go with crosses, doves,
crowns, pillows, ships, bells, and so on. Yet
the taste for cut flowers is one to be commended,
and the arrangements must take some form.
All we can say is that if the forms are to be
tolerated it was hard to have better work done
than was exhibited here. One might wish that
some new flowei'S could be introduced some-
times. The same white Bouvardias, white Car-
nations, white Jasmines, forever and ever, with
the one everlasting "Smilax" or Myrsiphyllura
is just a trifle dull. Mr. Dreer deserves some
credit for the plentiful use of the common
Maiden Hair Fern in his Cut Flower work. It
was a good change from the prevailing green.

The Fruits and Vegetables were, on the whole,
of the usual good quality seen at exhibitions, but
little was offered to mark special progress in any-
particular direction. Mr. Ricketts made a fine
exhibition of his seedling Grapes, but these have
been fully noticed in our paper on former occa-
sions.

Michigan State Pomological Society. —
A Detroit, Mich, correspondent, under date of
September 21st, says : " The Annual Fair of the
Michigan State Pomological Society closed here
last evening. It was held in connection with
that of the State Agricultural Society. Our
awards of premiums in pomology and floriculture
amount to S700. The exhibit of fruits was very-
fine in all the departments. The Peaches, Plums
and Pears were especially noticeable for the very
large size and great beauty of many of the speci-
mens."

352

77//; GARDENER'S MONTHLY

{November^

The Maryland Horticultural Society.
By the full report of the proceedings in the
American Fanner it appeal's that tlie Annual
Exliibition was an eminently suecessful affair.
Most of the articles exhibited seem to have been
Ferns, Palms, or variegated leaf plants ; the
only llowering plants among them appearing
to be Cliina Asters and Orchids from our excel-
lent correspondent, Captain Snow. In cut tlow-
ers, and designs formed of them, the competition
seems to have been heavy. Among the fruits
there were eighteen different exhiliitors.

XURSEUVMEX AXD IIORTICULTUItAL EXHIBI-
TIONS.— A prominent nurseryman hands us the
following for publication, which was sent to him
by an energetic secretary of a leading agricultu-
ral association, who deserves every success for
his endeavors to make the exhibition of his
society attractive and every way successful. The
object of handing it for publication is to draw
attention to the fact that a large number of lead-
ing nurserymen and florists seem to take no
part in these exhibitions, and, therefore, it is
worth inquiring why they do not do so. The
letter suggests that exhibitions ought to be good
advertising mediums for really meritorous arti-
cles, and yet it is a well known fact that these
advertising facilities ai'e rejected, even by those
who are known as liberal advertisers, and who
spend hundreds of dollars in hard cash for their
advertisements. It is to the interest of the
public who attend exhibitions to have the best
things there to look at, and it is to the pecuniary
interest of the exhibition to have them. It
therefore becomes a ver}- important inquiry why
growers take so little interest. And we shall be
very glad to have the experience and yiews of
others on this subject :

" The exhibition promises to be the finest, and
the turnout the largest that ]SI'ew Jersey has ever
witnessed. Outside of the premiums, a schedule
of which I send you, you will observe that it
will be a grand opportunity to advertise your
business. No charge will be made for space,
and every attention given your exhibit to show
it to the best advantage. It is the first exhibi-
tion that our society has held, and I am desirous
of making our floral display a creditable one.
A number of our members have promised ex-
hibits of considerable extent, nearly all of which
will be entered 'not for competition,' thereby
swelling the exhibition without carrying off the
premiums, .should you not feel disposed to

send an exhibit of both plants and flowers, we
hope that you will at least send a floral })iece.
Send something. It will pay you and be doing
a favor to our society."

Horticultural Exhiiution in England.
— The (J ardcner'' s Magazine says:

"Horticultural Exhibitions multiply and pros-
per in every part of the British Isles. Tlie re-
gions in which they occur but rarely and re-
motely do not usually lack the needful enthusiasm
so much as the neeful material, for in moun-
tainous districts where gardens are few, the
people travel far to enjoy the healthy excitement
of a flower show. But in the fat lands, and such
as may be termed par excellence horticultural
districts, the exhibitions interest all classes and
create an immense amount of work for the local
press, the centres of attraction being near to-
gether, and the shows following each other in
rapid succession all the summer long. It is an
agreeable testimony in favor of their general
acceptance and usefulness that it is a quite rare
event for the owners of gardens to raise objec-
tions to the exhibitions of such subjects as they
themselves may desire to place in competion ;
or, that their gardeners with a view to honor
and grist combined, may select to represent both
their employers liberalitj^ and their own skill.
Occasionally, perhaps, the objection to permit
the gardeners to ^ exhibit is the expression
of combined indifference and selfishness and
exclusiveness ; but not unseldom it represents
sheer prudence, for it has sometimes happened
that the desire to shine at exhibitions has made
gardeners careless as to the general keeping, and
productiveness of the garden — a matter always
to be regretted. But all things considered, the
good so far and so emphatically exceeds the
evil, that the favor in which horticultural exhibi-
tions everywhere enjoy, is fully accounted for.
They provide a delightful and instructive recre-
ation for all classes ; they spread a taste for hor-
ticultural pursuits and encourage a spirit of
emulation amongst both amateurs and gar-
deners. Moreover, they bring to the test
of critical comparison the plants, fruits, and
flowers that are most valued, as well as the
methods that are followed in their production.
To such as are willing to learn, an exhibition is
as good a school as can be desired, for it consists
wholly of object lessons and compels the learner
to the Pestalozzian process of analyzing facts
and appealing to the moral consciousness for
self-made commentaries upon them.''

THE

GARDENER'S MONTHLY

AND

HORTICULTURIST.

DEVOTED TO HORTICULTURE. ARBORICULTURE AND RURAL AFFAIRS.

Edited by THOMAS MEEHAN.

Vol. XX.

DECEMBER, 1878.

Number 240.

Flower Garden and Pleasure Ground.

SEASONABLE HINTS.

We are again at the end of another year of
our labor, glad to feel that they have been of
some use in the spread of horticultural taste and
knowledge. We are particularly glad to feel
that our "hints" have not been thrown away.
We endeavor to make this an especial feature of
our magazine. Here we admit nothing but what
has been submitted to the severe test of practice
and experience. In other departments we strive
to encourage thought, and allow latitude to
speculations; but in this, only those things are
suggested that have been tried in the balance
and not found wanting.

We want to insist just now, in view of what
we have said the past year in reference to the
finer kinds of evergreens, on what we have fre- !
quently urged — the importance of planting
places very thickly at first^ in order both to pro-
duce an immediate effect, and also ])ecause the
shelter which one another affords, makes the
trees grow with greater health and vigor, than |
when exposed singly to the force of wind and '
sun. At this season, no better employment can
be found than in thinning out these thick planted '
places. It will of course require much judg- \

ment; but one fond of trees, and the effects
which they produce, will not be much at a loss.
Sometimes it is hard to bring oneself to cut
down a tree which one has watched grow for so
many years; but it often must be done if we
would preserve the symmetry and beauty of our
' places. When there is any question as to the
j proper tree to be taken away, the size of the
j place may help one to decide. A tree which
will in time occupy much space can be more
easily spared from a small place than one which
will never transgress a limited space. Indeed,
except for the purpose of rapid growth to nurse
more valued trees, large growing things should
not be tolerated in small places. The green
grass, which is the charm of all gardens, soon
departs when lai'ge trees are about.

Of course, this talk about thinning out, brings
us to another great Winter employment, that of
pruning. There is no very great amount of
science required for this, and yet some judgment
is necessary. This is often done with little more
reason than a boy has for whittling a cliip —
merely to have something to do. For notwith-
standing the many papers that have been ^Tit-
ten "on the philosophy of pruning," the naked
question, "What is the best time to prune trees?"
is one with which the gardener is continuallj^

354

THE GARDENER'S MONTHLY

{December,

bored. The keen-edged gai'deners give the cut-
ting reply, "anytime when your knife isslmrji,"
but the more good naturcd say : " It depends on
what you want to cut for." The street cutter
"wants to keep the tree head low," and i'u(s
down to make them branch lower; cutting in
Winter does not have this otVect, so that unless
one has some other object to combine with it,
such as to clean the tree of bark scales or tlie
larva of other insects, or the giving of employ-
ment to some half-starved tree carpenter, the
work might as well be left undone. If you want
a branch to push strongly at the point where you
cut a part away, prune in Winter. If your tree
has branches crossing each other, or has half
dead branches, or anything tending to spoil the
form or symmetry of your tree, prune in Winter;
but as a rule the less pruning is done the
healthier will be your trees, for it may be ac-
cepted as a rule in gardening, that all pruning,
whether in Winter or Summer, is a blow struck
at the vitality of the plant.

Many kinds of trees that do not seem to thrive
well, will be greatly improved next year by
having a surface dressing of manure or rich soil
thrown about them. Evergreens are no excep-
tion. A singular notion used to prevail, that
manure of any kind was injurious to evergreens,
probably through noticing that they were usually
found in poor, barren soil. Our best American
coniferje growers, however, have long practiced
manuring them and with the best results. Guano
has been found particularly beneficial to the
Spruce family, and will probably be found as
good for the whole family of evergreens.

It would be well, at this season of leasure, to
examine and decide on the course of improve-
ments for the ensuing year.

It does not, in very many cases, require much
time or money so to alter the appearace of a place
as to make it bear a very different look to what it
did in the past year. A new clump of cheap
shrubbery may be planted, or an old one taken
away to admit a new view that may have grown
up since the original planting. A strip of grass
may be laid down on what was once bare gravel.
Here a small rockery may be put together ; there
a nest of roots thrown up, and ferns and trailing
plants freely interspersed between them. In
this corner you may place a stump, and entice
Ivy or some climbing vines to grow over it — a
rustic arbor may be formed in some inviting
nook, and in another shade-enticing spot, a I'us-
tic chair or bench be tixed. Even the outlines

of the flower-beds may be changed, or of the
walks themselves, or even the contour of the
surface in some instances, and all, in many cases,
at the expen.se of a very small expenditure of
time and monev.

COMMUNICA TIONS.

BY

SELACINELLA JAPONICA.

W. FALCONKIl, ( AMlUtlDGE 150TANIC
GAUDKN, MASS.

The plant figured and described in the Septem-
ber Monthly, page 2()2, under the name of S.
Japonica, is S. involvens. And the kind usually
grown and distributed under the name of S. in-
volvens, is S. caulescens, variety Japonica. This
transposition of names, is not, as many may sup-
pose,the result of a recent re-naming of the genus ;
botanically there has been no change in the
nomenclature of these two kinds. Apart from
the several botanical works and herbariums that
testify to this effect, I may mention " the cul-
tivated Selaginellas," by J. G. liaker, of Kew, in
the Gardener\'i Chronicle of 18G7, page 1241. As
regards its hardihood as an out-door plant foi-
Northern gardens, I may say, that in May 1877,
Mr Harris, gardener to H. H. Hunnewell, Esq.,
at Wellesley, Mass., showed me some specimens
of it that were growing in a shady place in the
rockery there, and where they had survived the
previous Winter. But they did not look well,
and Mr. H. candidly admitted that it would be
far better to Winter them in-doors or in frames.
I never could see the utility in striving with un-
reliably hardy plants, to keep them alive out of
doors. The amount of trouble in covering and un-
covering might be reasonably submitted to, but
when the plant arises in Spring a miserable
ghost instead of a healthy specimen, and which
will take all the succeeding Summer to attain to
even its last year's strength, the time and trou-
ble expended in caring for it are lost, and we
find mortification in place of pleasure. If plants
be unreliably hardy, and of convenient size, I
recommend that they be lifted in the Fall, win-
tered in cold pits or frames, and again trans-
planted out of doors in Spring ; in which case we
have but little trouble or anxiety, and absolute
certainty. Of course, in the case of Roses, and
other plants requiring Winter mulching or cov-
ering, and which will submit to the same with
impunity and arise in Spring with more than

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

355

their last year's vigor, I would advise to treat
them as we used to.

THE JAPAN QUINCE.

BY GEN. AV. 11. NOBLE, BRIDGEPORT, CONN.

The very name of the Japan Quince summons
up the hopes of spring time in the fiery glow of
the old scarlet. How its bloom warms and cheers
and brightens the opening of the floral year. In
its radiance we forget its many lovely varieties
•of both lighter, darker and richer tints ; and
more are coming. It is a parentage whose off-
spring show a wonderfully brilliant and varied
bloom.

Out of curiosity, just before the war, I planted
a mixed lot of its seeds, from the old scarlet
and pink, and the cherry-colored umbellatum.
Their seedlings yielded six or seven different
tints of bloom, all diverse from their parents,
and unlike each other. One of them, of a dark
crimson velvet tint, wears the finest tinge of
bloom I ever saw. But, though growing in deep,
rich soil, they took thirteen years to show the
first flower. " Aye ! there's the rub." Such a
tardy reward to trial, disheartens us eager peo-
ple. We tire of "patient waiting," and seek
novelty in that which absorbs less " hope de-
ferred." I tried to hurry up their show by grafting
my seedlings on the common Anglers Quince, but
they would not mate. Perhaps some skilled
propagator might have done better. But the
stocks and scions, like other uncongenial natures,
rebelled against the wedlock.

Is the Japan Quince a true Cj^donia? If so,
it don't take very kindly to its kindred. But
now Mx. Strong has a new seedling of great
vigor, on which he hopes the Pear may make a
lusty growth and fruitage. If the Pear joys in
the mating, sm-ely we may look therein for a ,
quicker growth and bloom of our Japan seed- 1
lings. Yerily, "it's a consummation devoutly |
to be wished." It is a very pardonable impa-
tience which longs in one's own day and genera-
tion to set eyes on blossoms bursting from seed-
lings of one's own planting and nurture.

I hope Mr. Strong's new Japan stock will fol-
low up its promise and give us Pears vieing with
the high quality which the Anglers Quince adds
to their fruitage. There seems hardly a doubt
that the new stock will prove so congenial to
the Japan seedlings that thereon we may ex-
pect a more rapid growth and bloom. By the way,

will Mr. Strong tell us whether this new stock
makes fibrous roots? Of these the Japanese
Quince has heretofore sadly lacked. Freedom
from its suckering habit will help the welcome of
the new stock. But perhaps, as in other plants,
the growth of a tree instead of a bush above
its roots will check their wide range and abridge
the torment of the suckers. I hope all who
have the old Japan plants will make trial of its
seedlings. With skill and care a fine future is be-
fore it.

I look for this Quince to yet charm one's bor-
ders with as rich a range of tints and styles of
flower as have extended to the Gladiolus tribe,
from its old cornflag and pinkish-white varieties.
This Quince has surely, in the pink and scarlet,
and cherry, and the yellow tints of the olden
varieties, a brighter hope of future rich and
varied tints and forms of bloom than was war-
ranted to trial out of the very tame colors of
those old Gladioli.

The fruit too of the Japan Quince seems to
promise present usefulness, and hope of better-
ment. Some years since a lady near by tried
some of the umbellatums in the usual forms in
which the common Quince is made into a sweet-
meat. Both she, and friends who tasted her pre-
serves, declared them excellent. If this be true
the Japan Quince is likely to become "useful as
well as ornamental." Why not? If the bitter
Orange of Florida can be sent to us as a pleasant
marmalade, surely this Quince, which is quite as
fragrant and palatable, may in many forms add
to our household dainties. There are more uses
for things that grow than are dreamed of in the
philosophy of most mortals. If " there is noth-
ing new under the sun," there are new uses
found for the old every day.

NOTES ON THE OCTOBER MONTHLY.

BY S. B. PARSONS.
Hi/drcDigea picuiculata. — J. J. S., is right in his
estimate of this plant. Its rapid growth, im-
mense trusses of flowers changing from green to
white and then to pink, and its autumnal bloom-
ing gives it a high rank. The first plant in this
country was receiveci in Flushing, direct from
Japan in 1862, and has proved one of the best
things introduced from that country. I have
trained a single stem of it six feet high, and the
flowers are now pendent from it in graceful
curves. I have a fancy that my Hydrangea tree
will one day startle beholders.

350

THE GARDENER'S MONTH LV

[December,

Climhimi Ut/dranr/ea. — J. J. S., asks after this
plant. It promises to be a ijein. Its loaves are
beautiful, and its tlowers are said to bloom in
masses, so tbat tbe side of a bouse looks like a
mass of snow-balls. It lias true climbinj^ brandies
wbicli throw out little rootlets, fastening to any
tiling as do those of Anipelopsis Veitchii. It is
very slow of propagation but wc hope soon tobe
able to send it out.

Pitrjilc Beech for Hedges. — "B. B., in Garden^''
thinks truly that hedges of this plant would be
beautiful. Hedges of common Beech are well
known in Europe, and there is no reason why
the Purple Beech should not do as well. The
effect would certainly be striking. He advises
to take young seedlings from under trees and
says that "they will invariably keep the same
color as the old tree." Here he mistakes. The
true rosy purple Beech is a variety, and no
variety can be relied upon to produce the same
from seed. There may be some purple ones but
many will be green. Grafted plants only can be
relied upon, and these of small size can be bought
at reasonable prices. Hedges of various colors
will yet be a feature in landscape effect. Ketin-
ospora am-ea and Hemlock in stretches of one
hundred feet each, would contrast finely. Purple
and common Barberry, purple and common
Beeches and many other contrasting colors
would all find admirers and would be to ordinary
trees as the groundwork of a picture to the pic-
ture itself.

THE CLIMBING HYDRANGEA.

BY EDWIN LONSDALE, GERMANTOWN.

In reply to the remark of J. J. S., (see Octo-
ber Monthly, page 2*)2) that " There has been
a story verbally cu'culated, that somebody w^as
about to bring out a real novelty — a Hydrangea
that clings to tbe wall, and has grand panicles,"
&c.", let me inform him that the apparent myth
is a realit}^ and in the market, it being offered
last Spring by Peter Henderson, under the name
of Schizophragma Hydrangeiodes, who hitro-
duces and describes it as follows :

" We believe we are the first to offer this valu-
able climbing plant, either here or in Europe.
Mr.Thos. Hogg, to whom we are so much indebted
for many other Japan plants, describes it as cling-
ing to trees to the height of fifty feet, producing
corymbs of white flowers of the size of ordinary
Hydrangeas. It clings exactly like Ivy, and
one can imagine the effect of a wall or a tree so

coverod, when in full bloom. Like all Japan
plants of that character, it no doul)t, will prove
entirely hardy. Our plants up to this date,
December 2r)tli, have withstood the cold, appar-
ently as well as our hardiest shrubs."

It remains now for Mr. H. to say whether it
survived the whole winter.

GARDENS AND GARDENI
TEXAS.

NG IN AUSTIN,

BY r. II. o.
Situated on the banks of the Colorado, and ris-
ing gradually from the narrow level strip of land
on the river, climbing up the hills and nestled in
the valleys between, the city of Austin presents
a picturesque appearance, especially from a hill
on the eastern part of the city called Robinson's
hill. At this point as well as on any other, only
part of the city can be seen. The view from
this point is closed towards the west and north-
west by hills and mountains rising about four
miles distant, several hundred feet above the
Colorado. The mountains and hills and sur-
rounding country are of limestone formation,
and where the surface is not too rugged the soil
is rich and black ; but on the spurs jutting out
from the upland towards the Colorado we find
gravel and sand overlying the limestone forma-
tion, a peculiar feature, which was probably pro-
duced by a flood carrying hither the sand and
gravel of the Llano and other tributaries of the
Colorado, where granite and sandstone formation
prevail. The climate is a mild one, as may be
expected under latitude .']0* north, but neverthe-
less it must not be expected that we have a per-
petual Summer ; on the contrary w-e have some-
times severe frost; snow of course we seldom
have and never long on the ground, but instead
of it we have cold and dry north winds, so-called
northers, blowing from the middle of December
during January up to March, and sometimes as
late as April, and in such cases much damage is
done to vegetation and to gardening especially.
Alternating with this we have mild south-west
and south winds, and occasionally a warm south-
east wind from the Gulf of Mexico which brings
us mist and drizzling rain, and makes breathing
difficult, as if it were blowing over a steaming
cauldron. During a norther, the thermometer
ranges between 20" and 'M)° Fahrenheit, but
sometimes it sinks much lower, and has been ob-
served down at 11° which makes 21° below the
freezing point.

1878.

AND HORTICULTURIST.

357

Another feature in the climate of central and
western Texas, is its dryness, when compared
with the eastern part, which is favorable to
health, but not so to gardening. This dryness
is, in my opinion, produced by the configuration
of the coast of Texas and Mexico, and the winds
that prevail here during Summer, namely, south
winds.

By reference to a map of Texas we find
that from Corpus Christi, on the Gulf of Mexico,
the coast runs in a southern direction towards
Tampico \ at about that point it turns southeast,
and as Austin is nearly under the same meridan
with Corpus Christi, it is apparent that west of
this line the Summer winds come over the dry,
•sandy plains of southern Texas and northern
Mexico void of moisture ; while east of this line
the same south winds come moisture laden from
the Gulf. Evidently the confinement of the
growth of Pines east of this line was caused by
it, for the westernmost Pinery of Texas we find
in Bastrop county, about thirty miles southeast
of Austin.

Such an uneven surface as the city of Austin
presents, is obviously not favorable in all its
parts to gardening ; but some of its citizens have,
Tjy terracing their lots and hauling in of good
soil, made beautiful homes of places that were
intended by nature as stone quarries rather than
as gardens. But the gardens need irrigation,
such as the city of San Antonio has, where a
stream of water can be led into nearly every
garden. We have water works, but the citizens
who take the water are only permitted, if they
pay for it extra, to sprinkle their gardens in the
morning and evening, which, in my opinion, is

doubtful whether it benefits the plants so much
as it costs.

With conditions as stated above, no man
must expect to find groves of Oranges ; neither
can the now so popular Eucalyptus globulus be
grown out doors dui'ing winter. And in order to
give the readers of the Gardener's Monthly
a correct view of what may and what cannot be
done in regard to ornamental gardening, I will
try to give an unbiased and unprejudiced account
of the loading features, not, however, pretend-
ing to exhaust the subject.

VERBENA VENOSA.

BY DR. G. RHIND, CANANDAIGUA, N. Y.

This valuable acquisition does not resemble
the common Verbena to any great extent. It
grows about eighteen inches high, branches
freely, and has dark green serrated foliage about
six inches high. It is an annual, requires to be
sown in January, and kept very moist until the
seeds germinate ; afterwards, the treatment of
half-hard}' annuals suits it.

It is really astonishing the quantity of flowers
that is produced. From the middle of June till
now, the beds planted with it, have been one
mass of large pm*ple flowers. I know of no
other perpetual purple flowering plant. It does
not milldew, and is the proper size to contrast
with most Geraniums. When it becomes known
it will be indispensible.

I send you a few flowers of it, Mr. Editor, for
your inspection.

[We are glad to have attention called to this
very beautiful, hardy, herbaceous plant.— Ed.
G. M.l

Green House and House Gardening.

SEASONABLE HINTS.

The plants brought into the house in the Fall
will perhaps begin to show signs of suffering
soon, for insects, over-watering, and sulphurous
gases soon begin to tell on the health of the
plants. For insects, continual watchfulness, with
a sponge and soapy water is one of the best pre-

ventatives ; and to have plants rather underpot-
ted is a good security against over-watering. By
this we mean that the pot should be rather be-
low than above the wants of the plants. As for
sulphurous gases from heaters or burners, there
is no remedy but to see that all is tight. People
talk of dry air being injurious to plants, when
they really mean impure air. Air is seldom too
di-y.

358

THE GARDENER'S MONTHLY

[DecemhvTr

It is a pleasure to note that window gardening
is growing in favor much more than many liave
an idea of. In a recent journey of some live
thousand miles through our country, it was sur-
prising how much of this kind of gardening was
evident, over a lew years ago. Pittsburg, Colum-
bus, ("incinnati, St. Louis, Kansa.s City and Den-
ver were generally gay with window flowers.
Here, in Philadelphia, the number of people
who have flowers about their houses is wonder-
fully large to what it was over a half dozen
years ago. Especiallj^ is this true of hotels and
other public places. During the last annual ex-
hibition of the Pennsylvania Horticultural So-
ciety, quite a number of persons went into the
Hotel Lafayette, supposing from the large num-
ber of beautiful pot flo^vers about the hall-ways
and windows it was the great horticultural exhi-
bition. It is wise especially for hotels to pay
attention to house gardening. Many people will
travel in Summer who love country seats where
they can have gardens and flowers, and nothing
is more calculated to make these travelers feel
at home than to have nice gardens and flowers
for them.

COMMUNICA TIONS.

ON VARIOUS SPECIES OF FICUS.

BY MRS. 8. E. BYEKS, HOUSTON, TEXAS.

Ficus Parcelli, F. nitida, F. Cooperi. Each of
the above fruited with me for the seasons of '77,
'78; the Fig of the Cooperi was about an inch and a
quarter in diameter of an orange red color. Par-
celli was dark purple, small; nitida, green. Elast-
ica had some fruit, but without noticing them
I cut off" the branches to propagate. They re-
quire here about the same protection as Gera-
niums in Winter.

ARCHBISHOP WOOD AND CUILLON MAN-
CELLEON GERANIUMS.

BY MANSFIELD MILTON, CLEVELAND, OHTO.

In the October number of the Monthly, G. J.
B., says "these two Geraniums are alike in habit,
foliage, petiole, truss and color.'* I think he has
got only one of the varieties; it may be he has
got one of them under both names, as they are suf-
ficiently distinct not to be mistaken the one for
the other, and distinct enough to be grown undei*'
their separate name, although you recommend'
adopting one name for l)oth kinds. Were I to
order Guillon Mangalleon from Mr. Meehan. or
any other nurseryman and get Archbishop Wood,
I would undoubtedly consider I had got quite a
diff'erent variety, both in habit and color of the-
flowers. I shall give descriptions of both kinds
taken from plants growing under the same treat-
ment and in the same house, hoping they maj'
assist G. J. B., in knowing which of them he has-
got, for I do not think he has them both.

Guillon Mangelleon: Stem partially erect; joints
showing prominent nodes and leaf; scars very
large; leaves medium size, flat, not deeply
indented and faintly zoned^ flower trusses me-
dium size ; individual flowers large on long foot-
stalks ; foot-stalks of a deep chestnut hue ; upper
petals of flower deep scarlet ; lower petals i-osy
scarlet with a slight hue of purple invading the
center.

Archbishop Wood, habit compact, almost
dwarf; branching, and of very free growth, cover-
ing a good space ; nodes and leaf — scars not so
prominent as in G. M.; leaves above medium size,
not flat ; serration and lobes verj' prominent, deep
green and very faintly zoned ; flowers large ; foot
stalks not colored or very slightly colored ; upper
petals ros}' scarlet ; lower petals of a decided pur-
ple shade, which invades the whole flower.

FRUITING OF FICUS PARCELLI.

BY W. FALCONEK, CAMBRIDGE BOTANICAL GAR-
DEN, 3rA&S.

"F. B," page .'^05, October Monthly, asks if
the fruiting of this plant is uncommon. No.
Even plants in four to six inch pots fruit freely.
They do so here, and I have seen plants in fruit
at several other places. The fruits too are quite
pretty, being beautifully variegated, and as they
are about to ripen suff'used with a warm rosy
color.

SEEDLING ABUTILONS AND CEREUS
GRANDIFLORA.

BV J. J. U.

In the Summer of 1877, 1 planted out in the-
open air, a single jjlant of Abutilon Boule de
Neige at least fifty j'^ards from another Abutilon..
At the time of taking up the plant in the Fall,
I noticed a few seed pods well filled on the Boule-
de Neige ; these were saved and planted. From,
the first they were remarkably robust, and when
planted out this last Spring grew from three to
five feet in height, and were well branched, or
"stocky," as florists say. There were about

1878.]

AND HORTICULTURIST.

359

fifty plants, and when they blossomed, what a
sight I Of the fifty plants, each bore a different
colored flower, varying from a deep reddish yel-
low to a fine delicate pink. What would have
caused the variation ? Were they crossed with
Abutilon Thompsoni? And if so, why such a
variety ?

Last year I wrote you of a Cereus grandiflora
keeping its flowers expanded in the day time, and
asked if it were not due to the low temperature.
By mismanagement the same plant was kept too
wet last Winter, and its flower buds did not expand
until in October. The temperature of the house
was about sixty, (we had no fire,) and the flowers
remained open until the sun's rays heated the
interior, and they closed at ten o'clock, A. M.

CULTIVATION OF THE CHINESE PRIM-
ROSE.

RY -^[R. EDWIN LONSDALE.

(Ik-fore the (lerraantown Horticultural Society.)

Since the introduction of the Chinese Prim-
rose, nearly sixty years ago, it has been vastly
improved through the patience and perseverance
of the florist, gardener and amateur. When it
was first introduced, its flowers were not larger
than a five cent piece, and generally of a poor
shade of lilac in color, but now we have flowers
larger than a trade dollar, with the edges ele-
gantly fringed, and in color vai-ying from pure
white to the most brilliant crimson. Xo matter
whether it is seen in the conservatories of the
Avealthy or the Avindows of the poor, it is always
a source of pleasure, being in the Winter what
the Geranium is in Summer-time — everybody's
plant.

It is as a window plant that I wish particularly
to direct attention. I knew of a plant that was
in the same window three years. Winter and
Summer, without re-potting, and it never was
without flowers and always wore a healthy green
appearance ; the only attention it received, be-
sides watering when necessary, was an occasional
top-dressing with well decomposed cow manure,
reduced to a powder. I mention this to show its
adaptability for the purpose for which it is
recommended, not as a practice to be followed
altogether especially in this climate, where win-
dow gardening in Summer is unpopular, because
impracticable, and also to show that it succeeds
well under ordinary treatment.

There is no plant so grateful for a little extra
attention as the Chinese Primrose. Being a

plant with fine roots it must have a light soil. I
find a good mixture for them to grow in is half
leaf mould, or soil from the woods, and the other
half rich sandy loam. I do not wish to confuse
by going into details, but will simply say let the
soil be light, rich and porous.

It is hai'dly worth while for those indulging in
window gardening to trouble themselves with the
details of raising plants from seed, for good seed
is expensive, and, being delicate, often fails to
germinate in the hands of the inexperienced ;
but to whoever has a greenhouse or a hot-bed, the
raising of their own plants from seed will be
found both interesting and instructive.

For the benefit of those wishing to experiment
in this line, I will briefly say, take light soil
similar to that which is recommended for the
plants to grow in, and filj a six-inch pot to within
an inch of the top, or what is perhaps better, a
box three or four inches deep and a foot or so
square, as a box retains moisture longer than a
pot; and this is one of the secrets of raising
young plants from seed, for they are apt to
perish if subjected to too frequent watering until
the little plants have gained some strength.
After the soil is pressed down to an even surface
give it a thorough watering with a fine sprink-
ler, then allow it to drain half an hour or so,
when it will be ready for the seed, which should
be thinly and evenly sown, taking care to keep
it more in the center than at the sides of the
box, then press the seed gently into the soil :
some cultivators do not cover the seed at all, but
I find a slight sprinkling a benefit, as the little
roots take to the soil better. If the seed is sown
in the Spring, a shelf near the glass at the
warmest end of the house is the best place for
the box, which should be shaded from the sun
by means of a piece of paper occasionally
sprinkled with water ; and when the sowing of
the seed is deferred until the Summer months a
piece of board laid on the box will check evapo-
ration, and, as darkness favors root action, it will
facilitate germination, and a cool place, say a
frame facing the north will be found the best
place during the hot weather; as soon as the
seed shows signs of germination a little air and
light should be admitted by degrees so as to
strengthen the plants by favoring leaf develop-
ment.

If the seed has been sown as directed, that is
thinly, and the surface of the soil has been stirred
occasionally with a sharp-pointed stick, the
l)lants may remain in the seed box until they

360

THE GAIiDENElVS MOXTIILV

{December,

are large enough to be transferred to two and a
half iiK'h pots, or three or four plants in a three-
inch pot; after potting, care must be taken
that the little plants are not allowed to wilt as
they are very sensitive in this respect. A piece
of paper placed over them will be all that is
necessary to protect them until they have started
young roots ; indeed at all stages of growth the
Primula must be carefully guarded from strong
sunshine. During the hot summer months a
cold frame is the best place for them, especially
if it be within the shade of a building or a tall
spreading tree — not beneath its branches, for the
drip might do serious injury to the delicate roots
of this plant. During rain they should be covered
by sash, but at no other time, giving them the
full benefit of the liuht and air.

If a position for the frame cannot be had as
recommended, they may be shaded by screens
made of plastering lath, nailed about an inch
apart on a frame the size of the sash ; this will
admit air and light sufficient during the hottest
part of the day. At all times when the sun is
not shinning directly on them thej^ must be left
entirely uncovered, excepting as before men-
tioned, when it rains.

At one time it was recommended that the
seed of the Chinese Primrose should be sown in
this climate in August or September, but we find
now that if the sowing of the seed is deferred
until so late we cannot get the plants in flower
until sometime after Chi'istmas. If there is any
time of the year when flowers are more welcome
than at another, it is at the gay and festive
Christmas time when nature slumbers and hu-
manit}' is on the alert to secure anything and
everything to make home cheerful.

This plant is something more than a cut flower,
and not being overlarge it may be advantageously
used in all decorations where flowers and plants
have a place, as it is infinitel}^ more eftective
under artificial light than it is in the day-time.

To get Primulas in flower by October the seed
should be sown in February. Let the strongest
plants be selected and encouraged, but by all
means avoid over-potting. I saw, a short time
ago, a fine strain of several hundred plants com-
pletely ruined through over-potting and injudi-
cious watering. In large establishments it is of
com'se necessary to make several sowings of
seeds at intervals of a month or six weeks apart
until August, but for a small greenhouse and
cultivation generally, one soAving will be suffi-
cient. The plants maybe brought on in batches

by encouraging the strongest plants, as before
stated, and retarding the smaller ones.

This Primula is not at all a free seeding plant,
the best way I havc^ found to deal with them is
to prepare a box of soil as before recommended
and set the plants, tbe seed of wiiich we wish to
secure on the box ; the seed as it falls, if the soil
is kept at the right degree of moisture, will most
of it grow, and the plants may be treated in the
way as before advised.

In conclusion let me say, to be successful with
the Chinese Primrose, avoid extremes of all
kinds, give water when necessary — not every
day or every other day, but twice a day if the
plant is dry, and not for a week if it is moist.

NERTERA DEPRESSA Banks.

BY MR. A. VEITCH, NEW HAVEN, CONN.

It is satisfactory to know that some interest is
now taken in this pretty little plant, for, although
long known to botanists, it is only of late years,
so far as I know, that attention has been be-
stowed upon its cultivation.

G. J. B. is right in supposing it to be indige-
nous to some cool humid climate, as it is found in
the alpine districts of South America, at an
elevation of from 8000 to 10,000 feet, associated
with dwarf Acaenas, Hydrocotyles, Alchemillas,
&c., and with these forms a very thick and ver-
dant turf in moist situations. It belongs to the
extensive family of Cinchonaceaj, and i.s, of
course, nearly related to our beautiful Mitchella
repens, Oldenlandias and Houstonias, and is,
therefore, fitted to form agreeable companion-
ship with these in an alpine collection.

It is of the easiest culture, and perhaps the
best method is to set out the plants in prepared
earth, in a frame, about the end of May, with
the back of the frame to the south, so as to secure
the greatest amount of shade, and if this does
not suffice, shaded sashes might be placed over
them, resting upon pieces of scantling laid on
the frame crosswa3^s. The sashes need only
be used in clear sunshine, and however the
weather may be, they should be removed every
night, so as to give the plants the full benefit of
fresh air, in which they delight. Tlie}'^ should
be kept constantly moist, and sprinkling over
head several times a day in hot dry weather will
do them much good. This method I have fol-
lowed for the past season with the best possible
results. The plants when set out were small ;
some of them are now in nine-inch pans, and

1878.1

AND HORTICULTURIST.

361

growing finely in a cool greenhouse, where they
get plent}' of light and air. In this situation
they will remain during the Winter, and towards
Spring we hope to see them in flower, and in due
time studded with their elegant amber-colored
berries.

AMARYLLIDACE/E.

BY W. C. L. DREW, ELDORADO, CAL.

There are no more popular plants with the
florist or amateur than the very extensive and
numerous family of Amaryllids. All the varie-
ties of the genera are plants of royal bloom, and
unsurpassable richness. It is a singular fact that
all known varieties are worthy of cultivation
in any collection, however choice.

By new mtroductions, and new hybrids, as the
result of foreign skill, the now large list is being
constantly increased and improved. The finest
of the introductions are those from the tropics,
but the genera is represented by beautiful speci-
mens in all parts of the known world. Some
of the Amaryllids require stove culture, others
succeed best in the greenhouse, while many
varieties make fine border plants.

The order Amaryllidacese, as now constituted,
comprises Amaryllis proper, Brunsvigia, Bu-
phone. Agave, Crinum, Clidanthus, Coburgia,
Clivia, Cyrtanthus, Habranthus, Galanthus,
Lycoris, Gastronema, Doryanthes,Hippeastrum,
Pancratium, i^erine, Phycella, Sternbergia, Py-
rolix'ion,Haylockia,Sprekelia,Zephranthes,Stru-
maria, Vallota, Imatophyllum, Ixilirion, Leu-
cojum and Narcissus.

In this article I will merely give a passing
notice to the hothouse varieties, desiring to
speak more prominently of Summer bloom-
ing and border varieties.

Those varieties which require hot-house cul-
ture, should be removed from the pots, and the
bulbs placed in a warm place on the shelf until
they show signs of growth in the Spring. The
pots for these varieties should be well drained
and filled with a compost of equal portions of
peat, clean sand and rich, turfy loam. After the
bulbs are planted and made a fair growth in the
Spring, they should be well supplied with water
as they grow.

The greenhouse species must also be removed
from the pots in the Fall and dried, in the Spring.
Pot in the same way as for hothouse species.
In potting Amaryllids, the neck of the bulb for
one-half inch or more should be left above the

surface of the soil, otherwise they will fail to
flower.

The Hippeastrum constitute by far the larger
section of the stove species. The original intro-
ductions were from South America and the Cape.
The hybrid varieties constitute by far the greater
part in cultivation now, the original introduc-
tions being very scarce.

The various superb Crinum, Agave, Clivia,
and Coburgia are also hothouse species. Of
those thriving best in the greenhouse we would
mention the Imantophyllum, Brunsvigia, Hay-
lockia, Pentlandia and Pancratium.

It will be observed that several of the genera
are classed among Holland bulbs by dealers, as
the Galanthus or Snowdrop, Leucojum or Snow-
flake, and Narcissus, in their several varieties.

We will now consider those varieties which
are known as Summer blooming Amaryllis.
Many who are familiar with the regal Ama-
ryllis family, suppose they are too tender to
be successfully grown by any but experienced
florists ; this is a false idea, as a number of the
species do not require half the care devoted by
enthusiastic amateurs on much less worthy sub-
jects. Those of peculiar merit for Summer flow-
ering, are the Yallota, Amaryllis formosissima,
Belladona, Johnsonii, Longiflora, Vittata and the
Zephranthes.

Vallota purpurea is a late Summer or Autumn
bloomer, with very rich, handsome flowers ; un-
like others of the Amaryllidacese, the bulbs must
never be sufi'ered to dry off. It requires to be
kept growing Winter and summer, and watei'ed
at all seasons. The flowers, which are produced
freely from August to October, are of a very
brilliant scarlet with a velvety lustre, and last
for many days in perfection. When the ground
becomes warm in the Spring, transplant the
bulb into a bed of rich, light loam; in the Fall,
before frost, take it up carefully and pot, when
it must be removed to the house, where, if kept
rather warm and well watered it will frequently
bloom again during the Winter. Treated in this
way a good bulb will flower several times during
the year.

Amaryllis formosissima is one of the most
beautiful in cultivation ; it is frequently sold as
Jacobea Lily, and known according to some bo-
tanical authorities as Sprekelia formossisima. It
is ver}' hardy and of easy culture. It must be
planted in the open border as soon as the ground
becomes warm in the Spring, succeeding best in a
rich, sandy soil. As soon as cold weather appears,

302

THE GARDENER'S MONTHLY

December,

take up tho l)ulb find place in a warm plaee in a
box ()(■ saw (lust. In planting, one-third of the
bull) must be left above the surface of the soil.
The flowers are of a very rich crimson color,
they are very large and Itorne on long foot-
stalks.

A. BeUadmuKi is one of the oldest and most
popular of the Amaryllis in cMllivation; it is a na-
tive of both continents, being found in Brazil and
at Cape Good Hope, although the first introduc-
tion into English gardens was from Portugal in
1 720, A. D. I^nlike the previous variety, it is ver}'^
impatient of removal, and should be kept grow-
ing constantly in a pot, but should receive no
water from November until April. In planting
this variet}-, put at least two inches of drainage
in the bottom of a seven-inch pot, then fill in
about two inches of rich sandy loam, then taking
the neck of the bulb in the fingers of the left hand
hold it so the top of the bulb will be at least one-
half inch higher than the rim of the pot ; spread
out the long brittle roots carefully and fill in the
soil with the other hand, tapping the pot frequent-
ly to settle the soil; there should be half an inch of
the pot left unfilled at the top for water ; not
over one-third of the bulb should be covered
with soil. Water well, and place the pot in a
warm, light situation ; in the last of May sink
the pot in the flower bed (putting a little ashes
under the pot) and keep it well watered ; the
rtowers will appear in August and September.
The flowers are produced on a stalk from two
to three feet high, each stalk bearing from one
to a dozen blooms, the individual flowers being
from three to six inches in diameter. The
ground color of the flower is white, the lower
portion usually with a greenish tinge, while
the upper part is variegated or suff'used with a
rosy carmine color; they have a peculiar, but
agreeable fragrance. After fiow^ering, the leaves
will appear. "When the frosty season approaches
remove to the house, continue the water supply
until the old leaves turn yellow, when gradually
withdi-aw until they are withered entirely, after
which no water should be given until the follow-
ing spring.

A. Johnsonii. — With this variety I always pur-
sue a similiar routine of treatment as with the
Belladonna, although some authorities recom-
mend continuing its growth during Winter,
claiming that it will flower during this season,
thus having two flowering seasons for the one
bulb. The flowers are of the richest and most
brilliant scarlet, with a distinct white stripe in

the centre of each segment : in size an<l shape
they resemble Lily candidium. They are gor-
geous indeed.

A. r if fata is a handsome variety with white-
flowers, variegated witli excjuisite rose.

A. loiu/i flora is a clear rose-t-olored flower.
The two latter require similiar treatment to
Belladonna. They are both exceedingly liand-
some.

NJiJl' OR RARE PLANTS.

Double Geraniums. — Mr. Conrad Kirchner.
of Philadelphia, hands us a dozen kinds of seed-
ling double Geraniums, which he has raised the
past season, which shows that new double Ger-
raniums may be raised as easily as new Straw-
berries or new Peaches. We shall soon have to
be fastidious as to what we call first-rate. We
want now good broad petals, and flowers of regu-
lar form. In these respects one of these is like
but superior to Asa Gray, and some of the lighter
colored ones will probably be distinct enough to
merit names and distribution.

Croton Disraeli. — The Various forms of Cro-
ton are among the most popular of leaf plants, and
as most of them do well in rooms and cool green-
houses, they are well suited to a large class of
our readers. It is hard to tell whether they are
distinct species or mostly mere varieties ; but this
is of no importance to the lover of plants who
desires only distinct beauty. For the introduc-
tion of the present pretty knid, which has been
named after the celebrated English Premier^
Europe is indebted to Messrs. Jas. Veitch &
Sons, of Chelsea, England, who give the follow-
ing description of it :

"We are indebted to the kindness of A. 11. C.
Macafee, Esq., of Sidney, X. S. W., for this most
distinct addition to this popular class of foliage
plants. It possesses a new feature of great in-
terest in the trilobate form of its leaves, the
middle lobe being greatly elongated, with a
broader expansion near the extremity ; the two
lateral ones comparativel}' short, of unequal size
and length, and expanding from the mid-rib at
about one-third of its length from the base. The
coloring of the foliage is rich and varied. In the
newer leaves the mid-rib and margin are of a
light yellow, with the light green blade blotched
and marked with the same color ; as the foliage

1878.1

AND HORTICULTURIST.

363:

becomes older the yellow subsides to a brii^ht
orange yellow, the marginal line becoming more
defined, and the markings enlarged; in the ma-
tm'e leaves the margin is a bright scarlet, and
the mid-rib is strijied hy a band of the same
bright color between two lines of a deep golden
yellow, and the blotchings and markings a rich
orange yellow, upon a deep green ground."

Tex.as, writes : " Several years ago a friend, Mrs.
S. S. Thomas, of Carbon Cliff, 111., sent me a few
^ceds, which she reported as a Chinese plant
seed, sent home by a Consul. Chinesp name,
• Boo-Yong.' I grew one plant — I have it now
blooming in my grounds — I call it a Hibiscus. I
have propagated it both from cuttings and seed.
The plant grows ten or more feet in height: five

CKOTON DISRAELI,

SCRAPS AND QUERIES.

Varieties or Carnations.— C. Pinks asks :
" Will some one be kind enough to inform me
through the columns of the Monthly what is
the difference between Carnations Peter Hen-
derson, Boule de Xeige, Peerless, White Perfec-
tion, and Edwardsii, and oblige'?"

A CuRiors Plant. — Mrs. S. E. B., Houston,

pointed palmate leaf. The bloom is a large
double white, opening in the morning; by noon
a delicate pink, by evening a deep rose color,
so that my hedge of the plants present a very
showy appearance of white and rose colored
flowers. The first year the plant was killed
down by frost, but now stands the Winter. Tex-
ans call it the Cotton tree, on account of the
resemblance it bears the Cotton plant. I at first

364

THE GARDENEIVS MoSTUI.Y

[Deretnher,

supposed I had the only plants in the T'^nitod to our climate, and blooms in October, when

States. I sent some tea nurserynian and tlorist tlun-e arc but few shrubs in bloom. The llower

in Xew Orleans, and rereutly ;i plant was re- is live to six inches in diameter, bf)rne in terminal

ceived here from Mr. I^auirdon. of Moltile. So, clusters: only two or three in bloom each day.

it seems that this new plant, if one, is suited Do you know anything of tliisjilant?

Fruit and Vegetable Gardening.

SEASONABLE HINTS.

sible. Xever allowed to become di*y ; this is the
cause of many failures by way of " buttoning

off."

Very little can be done now^ in this depart-
ment, except by way for preparation for another
jear.

In the fruit garden, there is not much to be
done besides thinning of branches where too
thick, cutting out weak or exiiausted ones, so as
to give place to younger or stronger ones, — and,
where there are scale insects on the bark, wash-
ing to get rid of them. When a tree is badly in-
fested, the twiggy portion should be wholy cut
away so as to more perfectly clean the balance.

Manure can be placed on the ground wherever
required, and Asparagus beds, if not already
done, should have a slight covering of it. Bean
poles. Pea-brush, and stakes of all kinds should
be got now, the tool house gone over and put in
order, and everything kept in good order and
studiously in its place. When the season of
operation commences, there will then be no-
thing to hold back the attention.

Where there can be heat of 60° commanded,
Bush Beans can be usually grown in pots, and can
be gathered in two months from time of
sowing.

If there is abundance of leaves or manure at
command, and small frames, beds may be put
up for early Spring salads, at the end of the
month. Radishes and Lettuces are, however, very
impatient of too much heat ; they will come on
well if the temperature be kept at 45^. When it
goes above that, the sashes should be lifted en.
tirely off. The same remarks apply to the Potato
and the Early Horn Carrot.

Cauliflowers in frames require all the air pos-

COMMUNICA TIONS.

CUMBO.

BY MRS. S. E. B.

(rumbo is the name of soup ; Okra is the plant.
Okra is cultivated in eveiy vegetable garden in
Texas. The tender pods are boiled and dressed
with salt pepper and butter, and always called
Okra. Soup, made by boiling beef, chicken, or
duck until the meat'' will part from the bone,
which is then chopped fine as for mince meat
and put back into the soup, and young Okra pods
cut up tliin across the pod are put into the soup
and simmered for an hour, red and black pepper
are added, and when done it is called "Gumbo,"
and persons accustomed to the dish are very fond
of it. The Creoles often add Sassafras leaves
cut fine to give the Gumbo a flavor and add to
the mucilaginous qualities of the Gumbo.

Okra is much used in all soups with other
vegetables. It should not be cooked in an iron
kettle, as it turns the Okra black. The test for
Okra is to break the pod from the plant ; if it
will not break it has passed the edible state.
Okra, Tomatoes and Green Corn, in equal quan-
tities, seasoned with butter, pepper and salt, and
baked for two hours, is a favorite Southern dish.

SOME OF THE NEW FRUITS IN NEW
HAMPSHIRE.

BY JAjyiES M. HAYES, DOVER, N. H.

During the past season I have noticed the
growth and general character of some of the

1878.

AND HORTICULTURIST.

365-

fruits of recent introduction — new to us in these
parts but old sorts it may be in other sections of
the country. Amongst Pears we have had an
opportunity to test for the first time the splendid
Souvenir du Congres, and it is not saying too
much to use the adjective splendid in the super-
lative degree when speaking of this fine Pear.
The specimens that I saw weighed twelve ounces,
which we call large here, but it might not be
accounted so in the more southern locality of
Philadelphia, or in that paradise of fruit, Cali-
fornia, yet good for the Granite State. The
fruit is fine grained, the tree is hardy, and we
cannot see why this variety is not a great acquisi-
tion. I have also noticed the Champion
Grape, and I must acknowledge it is rather
poor in quality, poorer perhaps than any other
of the new varieties, and were it not for its
great hardiness and vigorous growth, combined
with its extreme earliness. it would be discarded
at once ; but the qualities mentioned make it a
possibility to raise fruit, although it may be of a
poorer quality, even as far north as N'ew Hamp-
shire. We have also the Brighton planted, but
have not fruited it as yet. Our aim is to get an
early Grape that is good; this we must have
in order to succeed, for with most of the Grapes
that we now have it is almost impossible to ripen
them oftener than one year in three. Hence it
is better to have a Grape of rather poor quality
that will ripen early than to have green Con-
cords or Catawbas. Then we say to Grape grow-
ers as far north as we are, try the Champion, and
Grapes of that class.

NEW OR RARE FRUITS
AND VEGETABLES.

Moore's Early Grape.— It is said to be
earlier and better than Concord and Hartford,
and to be one of the twenty-five hundred seed-
lings raised by Mr. Moore, of Concord, where
also, the Concord originated.

The Prp:nti.s.s Grape. — We have some
buhches of this new variety. The bunches are of
medium size, but they have a large number of
amber green berries thickly set. These are re-
markabl}^ full of juice, and seem grateful to the
palate. The chief objection is in the terribly
thick skin. More is returned from the mouth
than is swallowed. For all this we believe it
contains elements of popularity.

SCRAPS AND QUERIES,

Late Peach. — From J. Zimmerman, Lan-^
caster, Pa.; on the 16th of October, came to hand
some excellent Peaches. They were medium in
size, freestone, and of a rich juicy flavor.

Fine Grapes. — From Mr. Kenders, gardener
to E. Beneson, Esq., of Chestnut Hill, we have
a bunch of remarkably fine Black Morocco
Grapes. It is remarkable as being thoroughly
ripened in a cold grapery, which is unusual..
The individual berries were uniform in size, and
mostly about three and three-quarter inches-
round. It was an instance of excellent skill in
treatment, which we are always glad to note.

Destructive Strawberry Insect. — M. C,
Cuyahoga Falls, 0., writes : "I send, to-day, by
mail, some Strawberry plants that are damaged
by a little white worm tliat feeds on the bark of
the roots; also some of the worms. They
made their appearance in this neighborhood
about five years ago, and are much more numer-
ous now. We are under the necessity of setting
out a new plantation every year, as we can only
raise one crop of fruit before the patch gets
ruined. Some varieties seem to be injured" far
more than others. The Duncan and Springdale
are almost ruined, while the Capt. Jack, "New
Dominion and Crescent Seedling are but slightly
damaged. I shall be glad if you or any of the
readers of the Gardener's Monthly can give
us a remedy."

[The appearances were not familiar to us.
Send a few of the insects next 3'ear to Prof. Riley,
Washington, D. C]

Fruit Growing in Pennsylvania. — We
quite agree with a correspondent who thinks
" the enclosed may be a settler for those who
think the apple is not profitable in Pennsyl-
vania."

Charles B. Ott, of Springfield, is an extensive
and successful grower of apples for market. He
has an orchard of forty acres, of which ten acres
are of the Red Astrachan variety, now just ripen-
ing and ready for sale. This apple is of a fine
red color, quite acid in flavor, and well adapted
for cooking and eating. Mr. Ott's trees this sea-
son bear a fine crop, and he is actively engaged
in sending the product to the neighboring towns,
where they are sold without difliculty. The ap-
ples are can-ied in w;\gons to Easton. Quaker-
town, Bethlehem, Allentown and Catasauqua,
and the trouble is to find sufficient transportation
at this busy season. The price realized is about
SI. 20 per bushel, at which Mr. Ott's apple crop
pays him pretty wcill. The soil of that portion
of Bucks county is admirably adapted to fruit
growing, and the opening of an avenue to mar-
ket by the construction of a railroad would add
greatly to the value of real estate.

366

THE GARDENER'S MONTHLY

[December^

Forestry.

COMMUNICA TIONS.

ED IT O RIAL NOT lis.

THE HARDY CATALPA.

BY SUEL FOSTER, MUSCATINE, IOWA.

Ill the Gardener's Monthly of November
Mr. Horace J. Smith has informed us of the large
C'atalpa in Fairmount Park, and in your note of
this ohl C'atalpa you sa}', "What will theso Wes-
tern friends think who believe Southern Indiana
produces the only hardy Catalpa?" And yet
neither Mr. Smith nor yourself have told us
whether the Fairmount tree is of the common
late blooming colored flower, or the hardy,
the early blooming, the large white flower, with
large seed pods. The same remark in regard
to those of Southern Indiana. Who can tell
which variety they are ?

I infer that you think it hardy. We know that
many fruit and forest trees are called hardy at
Philadelphia that are not considered hardy in
Iowa and Xorthern Illinois, where occasionally
we have a Winter that will kill Smith's Cider,
Tulpehocken, Baldwin, Newtown Pippin, all
the Heart Cherries, and Peaches, and half the
Pears and Plums. How is it possible for you to
tell the hardy Catalpa from the tender, when
both stand the Winters of Philadelphia ? Dr.
John A. Warder, of Ohio, was at my house this
Fall, and he says that at Dayton, where he dis-
covered that there were two distinct varieties of
the Catalpa, they had not discovered the differ-
ance in hardiness, because both stand the Win-
ters of Dayton.

We have been too slow in making the impor-
tant distinction between fruit and forest trees
that will live or die when those severe trying
Winters come, and come they will, and kill the
common tender Catalpa and our tender fruit
trees, which may be hardy with you. Dear-bought
experience is valuable, and we have it.

[Mr. Barney taught us how to distinguish the
Catalpas by the roughness or smoothness of
the bark. The hardy Catalpa at Fairmount Park
is the tender one. — Ed- G. M.]

Catalpa Planting in the We.st. — We are

glad to learn that Robert Douglas, of Waukegan,
is engaged in the delivery and planting of lU0,OO(i
Catalpa trees for the Fort Scott Railroad Com-
pany. The Railroad Company lias done a good
thing, not only in plantini; for its future timber
supply, but also in selecting the Catalpa for the
purpose. We have had occular evidence that
the timber as posts is ^s near indestructible as
timber can well be, while the rapidity of its
growth is enormous. A tree on our own premi-
ses, cut down eight years ago, showed an aver-
age annual increase in diameter of three-quarters
of an inch a year. Some of the annual rings
were half an inch thick, making an inch in the
total diameter of the trunks. The trunk was
made into fence posts. One taken up last Win-
ter was as clean as a new post. To be sure,
seven years is not much, but many kinds of
wood would have shown some signs of decay at
least in that time. ^ The good point in this tim-
ber is that while hard and durable, it will hold
nails, and this is a good character all hard woods
do not possess.

That Hardy Catalpa.— The Rural World
says that only the newly discovered variety of
Catalpa is hardy north of Indianapolis, and
those nurserymen who say it is, and sell accord-
ingly are "swindlers." AVhat is the mystery
behind all this plain language ? Are we enter-
ing on another white-willow campaign ?

Profits of Forest Culture. — We have re-
peatedly shown that if forest culture were carried
on as a business, there is nothing that would
be more profitable when well managed. It
would not pay when bungled any more than any
other. To merely plant a lot of trees and wait
till they are saw-logs will never do, except for
one who is willing to die for his country, or
merely desires to preserve her in the dim future
from becoming an " arid waste." Forestry, when
conducted as it might be, ought to be able to
pay all expenses in a few years after planting,

1878.1

AND HORTICULTURIST.

361

and at least in ten years bring in a very hand-
some profit on the whole capital expended.

"We are very glad to see that this making of
forestry a sound business occupation is progress-
ing. Mr. Richard S. Fay, lias been doing a little
towards it, of which we find the following ac-
count, by Prof. Sargent, in the Massachusetts
Ploughman :

" The readers of the Ploughman are familiar
with the experiment, which was made some thirty
years ago by Mr. Richard S. Fay, in planting a
portion of his estate near Lynn, in Essex county,
with European Larch and other forest trees. Up
to a year ago the thinnings from this plantation
had yielded some seven hundred cords of fire
wood, besides a very large amount of fencing ma-
terial. The thinning has been continued during
the past winter, and has produced :
175 cords of fire wood, sold at an

average of s5.50, . . . S962.50

oOO Larch posts, 25 cts., . . . 125.00

51 Larch Telegraph poles, ??1.00, . 51.00

100 Larch Railroad sleepers, 50 cts., . 50.00

$1188.50
These figures represent the thinning of a single
season, which will be continued for manj- years
to an equal or greater extent ; they seem to make
very clear Mr. Fay's wisdom in employing agri-
cultui-ally worthless land in the only way in
which it could possibly have been made to yield
any return whatever. It ought to be a part of
the regular Spring work of every farmer, having
suitable land, to plant annually a few hundred
or a few thousand forest trees, according to the
size of his farm and the extent of his means. The
■cost of the trees and of planting them is compar-
atively small, Avhile profits, although slowly
realized, are in the end, all things considered,
enormous.

For planting on much of tlie waste land of this
State, no tree can be more safely employed than
the European Larch, as Mr. Fay's plantations of
this tree shows us. Tlie Larch, however, must
be transplanted very early in the Spring or it will
not survive the operation."

This is only a beginning, and when the busi-
ness is better understood a much better showing,
and before thirty years, could be made. The
Larch was evidently chosen at a time when it
was thought very important that Scotch forestry
should be the model for Aniericun forestry, and
not that America required distinctively Ameri-
can treatment. The Larch is profitable, but it

is far less profitable than many other kinds
of trees would be. It may also be noted
that those who are going into timber culture
must remember that some of Mr. Fay's figures
are high. It is chiefly because railroad sleepers
are fifty cents each that the railroads are anxious
to have more timber planted. They will not,
nor ought they to bring fifty cents each, when the
most judicious kinds planted in a judicious place
shall come into market.

But we do not care to be critical in this place.
Mr. Fay and Prof. Sargent too, deserve much
praise, for wliat they have done and are doing in
encouraging forestr}^ to make criticism pleasant.
And yet it is very important that in an interest
like forestry, where, if the planter blunders, he
is eternally lost, he should start in a faith that
will pi'oduce the best of works.

American Sumac. — In some of the earlier
numbers of the Gardener's Monthly we
pointed out the absurdity of sending so much
money to Eui-ope for Sumac when we have quite
as good an article in abundance wild at home.
It is among the most pleasant of the reflections
on our past labors to see how the collection of
American Sumac approaches the rank of an im-
portant national industry. When American
forestry reaches the dignity of a first-class busi-
ness, as we hope yet to see it reach, we expect
Sumac to be one of the little items which is to
make the forest yield a revenue long before the
timber is fit for railroad ties.

However until this time comes we must do the
best we can by Sumac in itself. The following
paragraph from the Prairie Farmer gives some
additional information to that already recorded
in our pages :

" In relation to the matter of Sumac, and its pre-
paration for market, which a correspondent in
Pennsylvania asks us to investigate, and the pro-
per manner of preparing it for market, previously
published in the Prairie Farmer^ Mr. Joseph H.
Bryant, No. 2,619 Main street, Richmond, Va.,
writes us that he is paying seventy-five cents per
hunch'ed pounds at tlie mill there, and adds :
' The leaves only are wanted, but to facilitate
the gathering of it, the small stems on which
leaves grow can be stripped from the stalk, as in
pulling corn blades. It must be free from sticks,
sand and berries. Dry it in the shade. If ex-
posed to the sun, dew and rain, it will tui'n yel-
low and become worthless. Spread it on a floor,
and turn it morning and evening until it is per-
fectly dry. Do not pack it in bags or pile in bulk,

3G8

THE GARDENER'S Mo ST II LY

\ December,

until it is thoroughly dry. Be careful it does not
licat. "When Sumac is properly cured it is of a
bright groon color.'

The editor of the Shoe and Leather Reporter,
New York, writes as follows : ' The leaf and leaf
stems only are used, and all large stems should he
thrown out, as only the leaf stem has any tanning
strength. It should be gathered in this way;
Break oft' the parts of the bush containing the
leaves, but do not gather the blossoms or berries.
Some gatherers allow the Sumac to wilt a few
hours in the sun, while others convey it immedi-
ately into the shade or under cover. Cure it
under shelter, to preserve its color and strength.
When dried, by spreading out, it should be
thrashed with a tlail, when the leaves and stems
will break up fine, and all the large stems should
be raked out. As to the use of and demand for
the article, we can only say that it has been a
staple product for the past ten years, the prices
varying with the amount of production and the
quotations for Sicily Sumac, with which it is

always a competitor to some extent, although it
brings usually only about three-<iuarter8 the price
of the latter. T^arge quantities of Sumac are
used in Lvnn, Mass.' "

SC/<.U\S .L\7) (H'liRIES.

The Si'ECiosA Cat.\lpa.— E. J. M., Egg
Harbor City, N. J., writes : "I see you think the
so-called new Catalpa of the west is different from
the eastern one, because the seed vessels are so
much larger. Please tell us whether that Spe-
ciosa will beat the one I enclose, which is our
common kind here."

[The seed vessel is twenty inches long — still
wanting three inches in length of a specimen
sent us by Mr. Douglas, of what they call their
new variety. Xew Jersey must try again. Still
it shows well for the little sand-bank State. — Ed.
G. M.]

Natural History and Science.

COMMUNICA TIONS.

CARNIVOROUS PLANTS.

BY PETER HENDERSON, JERSEY CITY HEIGHTS,
NEW JERSEY.

'■^Carnivorous Plants. — Mr. Francis Darwin has
proved very conclusively the truth of his father,
Charles Darwin's position, that the so-called
carnivorous plants do make use as food of the
plants they catch. A large number of plants
were fed on meat, and as many on what they
could get from the earth as best they could, and
the ditference in growth and final product were
very much in favor of the meat-fed plants."

The above I cut from a contemporary Journal.
Resolving to fairly test the correctness of Mr.
Darwin's theory, I last season procured in
March, from Keenansville, North Carolina, a
large number of Dioncea muscipula (Carolina
Fly-trap). The plaHts arrived in fine condition,

and I resolved to test fairly, on a large scale,
the correctness of Mr. Darwin's conclusions.
Selecting from the lot two hundred of the strong-
est plants, I thoroughly rinsed them again and
again in water, so that every particle of soil and
all other matter foreign to the plants was re-
moved. I then procured two boxes, three feet
by three feet, and three inches deep; these were
filled with Moss (Sphagnum) and sand mixed, in
about the proportion of four parts Moss to one
of sand, forming a soil somewhat similiar to
that wliich they had been growing in naturally ;
this compost had been also subjected to the rins-
sing process so as to clear it from impurities.
One hundred of the Fly-traps were planted in
each box, the plants selected being as nearly
alike as possible. After planting, the boxes
were each copiously watered with pure water and
placed in a cool and partially shaded green-
house. One box was covered with a wire net-
ting, as fine as could be procured, so as to

1878.

AND HORTICULTURIST.

J69

exclude insects ; the other was left uncovered.
13}' about the middle of May, two months after
planting, the plants had begun to grow freely, and
the "feeding" process was begun with the plants
in the uncovered box. In this, I was assisted by
Mr. William Tait, one of my neighbors, a gen-
tleman of leisure, and one who is well versed
in many branches of natural science ; between
us, the one hundred uncovered Fly-trap plants,
were "• fed " almost daily for three months with
flies and other insects. In August, three months
from the time the feeding began, the operation
was stopped, and the most careful examination
and comparison failed to show the slightest
difference between the one hundred plants that
had been ''fed," and the one hundred (under the
wire netting) that had not been ''fed," both lots
had made a splendid growth, and were the ad-
miration of scores of visitors. I never omitted
an opportunity to ask professional horticulturists
visiting us for their opinion, and the verdict inva-
riably was that both lots were identical, as near
as could be. In this case, the "feeding " certainly
did not fatten. It may be that our American
flies were not so nutritious as the English
"meat," though certainly ours was the more
natural food of the two, but as corroborating the
test of Mr. Darwin, it completely failed.

What we are all after is the truth in this mat-
ter, and in case my experiment may have been
in some way defective, or that the prejudices of
myself and friends against a theory that seems
to reverse the whole order of nature, may have
in any way influenced our judgment, I will be
most happy to furnish, without charge, to any
dozen readers of the Gardener's Monthly ,who
have the proper facilities to make the test, a suffi-
cient number of plants of Dionoea muscipula, to
further demonstrate the truth or falsity of Mr.
Darwin's conclusions on this subject.

I had rather a ludicrous incident occur in rela^
tion to this matter. My friend, Wm. R. Smith,
superintendent of the Botanic Gardens, at Wash-
ington, who is a thorough believer in the carniv-
orous plant docti-ine, being at my place last
Winter, after the above experiment had been
tried, we got into some controversy on the sub-
ject. Now, Mr. Smith is not only one of our
best botanists, but his knowledge of general
horticultui'e is perhaps second to none in the
United States ; moreover, he is a perfect Wilber-
force in eloquence and argument, and having
driven me pretty well into a corner, he almost
squlched me l)y taking a magnifying glass from

his pocket and showing me beyond question a
minute species of shell-snails embedded in al-
most every one of the closed up leaf traps of the
Diomeas. "There," says he, "nature has
placed the food — the animal food — direct into
the mouths of these insect-eating plants. Can
you longer doubt the correctness of Darwin's
theory ? " I was staggered but not yet convinced,
and resolved to keep a close watch on the shell-
snails " that nature had placed in the mouths of
these insect-eating plants." Yery soon they
required no magnifying glass to see them; in
three weeks they had increased wonderfully in
"breadth and stature ;" in three weeks more the
biters were bitten, foi- the snails had eaten the
Fly-traps almost completely up I Mr. Smith
has, probably somewhat changed his base on the
subject of" carnivorous plants," particularly as
regards their iLse of shell-snails as an article of
diet.

CURIOUS GROWTH OF POTATO.

BY L. J. TEMPLIN, HUTCHINSON, KAN.

While digging potatoes recently, I found a
large white potato of the "Ice Cream" variety
that had made a new or second growth ; it had
sent up a branching shoot about eight inches
high. On tliis shoot, about an inch above its
connection with the parent tuber, were tlu'ee
small new potatoes, about an inch in diameter.
These were a beautiful pinkish-blue color. I
have been intimate with potato raising, and
have carefully observed their growth for a third
of a century, but never observed a similar freak
before. How is it to be accounted for ?

EDITORIAL NOTES.

Andromeda arborea. — (See frontispiece).
We have chosen this to illustrate as a frontis-
piece for oui* annual volume, for four reasons.
Fu'st, because it is one of the most beautiful of
the many beautiful American shrubs when in
flower. Secondly, because, though a native
plant, it is seldom seen anywhere under cultm'e,
and yet it deserves to be an universal favorite as
a garden plant. Thirdly, it is so common to
paint plants in flower, and yet the seed vessels
are often of much interest; and fourthly, the
distinctly American characteristic of an Ameri-

370

THE GAHDENEWS MONTHLY

[December,

can slu-ub or tree — fine Autumn colors— is seldom
•.Mven in plates of Anieiican plants.

In rcirard to our tirst jioint, wc can scarcely
do Justice to its graceful l)eauty wlien in its prime
of flowering, and in its native places. The wri-
ter's tirst acquaintance with it in a wild condi-
tion was in Kentucky, now luauy years jigo,
and the image of the beautiful scene is as fresh
now as the reality was wlien tirst enjoyed. The
writer, with a fellow traveller (Mr. William
M. Canby, of Wilmington, Del.) had journeyed
some miles through the woods, before breakfast,
till we came on a piece of open ground, of some
acres in extent, that was comparatively treeless.
It was grown up with the "Sedge Grass" of
the Southt>rn farmer, (which it is not, but an
Andropo^ron) and Blackberries, Huckleberries
and similar material made up the undergrowth.
The Andromeda arborea, scattered about so that
each had plenty of room to grow, constituted all
the larger arborescent growth, and these were
of all sizes from say three and four feet to per-
haps twenty feet. They branched from the
ground, and generally had one straight leading
stem, while the main branches were mostly
horizontal, the lowest of course the largest,
tapering to the top, and making perfect cones in
outline. The tlowers were then expanded, of a
beautiful clear waxy white, and on long racemes
which bent down, but yet curved upwards
again at the apex, much as the specimen
in fruit now figured does. The brow of the hill was
covered with them, and far down the sides they
extended till lost in the shadows formed by the
rising sun. We were anxious to get to the next
village for breakfast, but even hunger, tyrannical
as he is, could scarcely expect us to beg pardon
for stopping awhile to admire that beautiful
sight. There are, however, some who know
and admire it as we do, but when they ask for
it at nurseries, they fail of the promised reward
and do not find it. Regarding our tliird point,
we fancy our readers, as they go through all the
parts of the seed-vessels and branches, analyzing
the lines and proportions with their relations
under recognized laws of beauty, will see at least
as much to admire as in many flowers ; and this
especially in relation to om- fourth point — its
autumn colors. Oui- specimen, kindly sent us
by Mr. R. J. Black, of Bremen, Ohio, is just on
the turn. There is yet some green left, and the
winey-rose Avhich it finally acquires has not yet
been achieved. But we go back to our Kentucky
wild land, and can imaijiue how beautiful these

wild trees must now be, covered by these slen-
der irrey drooping branchlets of seed-vessels,
with their background of Orange; brown leaves.
We may well a.sk with Thomson, "Who can
paint like nature ? " and fancy the answer would
be, perhaps, "■ only your artist, and then only
when, as now, he truly copies her."

Our i)ublishcr's idea in getting up this chromo
is, that it is a gift to those of his readers who do,
pv may get him some new subscribers. The
editor's idea is to take advantage of this liberal-
ity to make a good point for the reader, and he
trusts the opportunity he gives them to be well
ac(iuainted with this beautiful little tree will be
duly appreciated. For it often is a little tree.
Though it blooms when quite small — and this we
take to be the rule for deciding whether a woody
plant should be classed as a tree or shrub — it will
often reach the height of forty feet.

We have adopted the name Andromeda ar-
borea, the name used by Linna'us, because it
is so known in all popular horticultural works.
But DeCandolle saw reasons to make a genus,
and separated it under the name of Oxydendrum.
and as Oxydendrum it appears in Dr. Gray's
Manual, and other standard modern works.
The leaves have a slight Cranberry taste, and
the Cranberry is Oxycoccus, or a berry with a
sharp taste, and so we have its near relative.
Oxydendrum, or the sharp tree, in reference to
these acid leaves. In English it is " Sorrel
Tree," and all from the same idea.

We really think that the Southern nurseryman,
in accessible locations, would do a good service
to horticulture by taking under culture a fair
stock of healty wild plants, and possibly serve
his purse at the same time.

Structure of the Stapelia. — Some re-
markable discoveries have been made conjointly
by Messrs. Isaac Burk, Edward Potts and
Dr. J. Gibbons Hunt, of the Philadelphia Aca-
demy of Natural Sciences, and which have re-
cently been communicated to that body. That
Asclepiadaceous flowers catch insects is well
known. In the common milk-weed and other
allied plants portions of legs, antennae, and
tongues may very often be found in the flowers.
These have generally been supposed to be caught
as it were by accident, through the limbs being
! drawn through the narrowing clefts of some of
the seyraents. But from observations made in
[the Stapelia, the well-known "toad-plant " or
' "carrion flower" of our greenhouses, there seems
to be in this genus at least a peculiar trap, which.

1878.

AND HORTICULTURIST.

371

on being touched, springs shut and catches what
is put into it ; and it is by this peculiar piece of
mechanism that insects are caught. The won-
<ierful discovery opens up again the question of
the true relation in the great plan of Nature be-
tween flowers and insects. It is believed that an
occasional cross is beneficial to a species, and that
insects are the great agents by which in certain
kinds of flowers foreign pollen is brought, to ef-
fect the cross. Insects should be regarded as the
flowers' friends. So long as these captures were
regarded as mere accidents, one might rest satis-
fied with an explanation on record, off"ered by
Professor Asa Gray, that it simply proved there
Avas no benefit unmixed with evil in the world.
But, if we find that there are in flowers traps
deliberately set to catch insects, which we sup-
pose engaged in a special design to cross-fertilize
these flowers, it is impossible to conceive that
these cross purposes can be both working to the
one end. Dr. Hunt suggests that possibly the
plant is really insectivorous, and that the insects
it traps are used to nourish the flower in its
•eff"orts at producing seed. But, as only the leg
or tongue is caught, and the insect, if unable to
tear its body away, remains to dry up, it is diflfl-
'cult to conceive just how the insect can benefit
the flower. That the visits of insects are of
very little use for cross-fertilization may be in-
ferred from the fact that in Asclepiadaceous
flowers freely visited by insects not one flower

In view of this difficulty of believing that
snakes are oviparous or viviparous according to
circumstances, it is curious to see the following
in the English papers now. It can, at any rate,
do no harm to remind our friends, that while
Mr. Gosse's facts seem to be unchallenged, they
are of exactly the same nature as those which
went to them from this side of the Atlantic, and
that such a statement can now appear without
that Satanic picture being appended to it, shows
at least a healthy state of progress ; and we shall,
no doubt, before long hear of a full belief in
what is just as certainly a fact, that under some
circumstances, snakes do take their younf^
for protection into their mouths. As the little
boy wrote, "Snakes is funny things.''

Mr. Phillip H. Gosse had a boa which was
with eggs. For a long time it manifested dis-
comfort and restlessness, being savage and irrit-
able, till at length it produced a family of young-
ones. Knowing it was the habit of this snake
to incubate its eggs, Mr. Gosse was greatly sur-
prised at the event ; and the startling question
occurred to him: When circumstances are un-
favorable for the deposition of eggs, could a
snake retain them until the young are hatched?
Mr. Gosse's surmises have been confirmed by
similar occurences at the Zoological Gardens
and by other writers, who, in the subsequent
interval, have also given careful attention to the
habits of ophidians, and have produced valuable

in a hundred perfects a seed-vessel. The great I scientific works on the subject. The fact is now
question still remains : If not for nutrition nor ' well ascertained that not only Chilobothnis, but

for cross-fertilization, what are the insects' visits
for? It can scarcely be for the insects' good,
when the visits terminate so disastrously to the
visitors. — Independent.

Ovi-viviPAROUS Creatures. — A few years
since correspondents of the Gardener'' s Chronicle

several other oviparous species may at pleasure
be rendered viviparous by retarding the deposi-
tion when circumstances are unfavorable for
them. In fact, we find that we must almost dis-
card those old distinctions of "oviparous " and
"ovoviparous," which German authors tell us are

and some other English periodicals took strong ! "ot founded on any other ground than a greater

exceptions to Mr. Thomas Meehan's statement,
that snakes would sometimes protect their
young from danger by gathering them into their
throats, and that some batrachians and ophi-
dians, which, under usual circumstances deposi-
ted eggs, under other circumstances would bring
forth their young alive. Even the editor of the

or less development of the foetus in the egg
at the time of laying ; or on the nature of the
exterior covering of the egg, which is thicker
and leathery in those which take some time in
hatching, and slighter and membranous in those
which are hatched either before or on deposition.
Hybrid Graft Apples. — Out in the west

Gardener'' s Chronicle sympathised so much with I there is a discussion about graft hybrids, in
the objections as to assist one of these articles ' which the name of the editor of the Garden-
with a facetious cut, in which some creature i er's Monthly is brought in. It appears
with a tail, was supposed to be modelled after agents are pusing some wonderful new varieties,
that of the father of lies, and to be an evolution, ' originated by grafting, and the editor of the Gar-

working far into the future, of one of Meehan's
voung snake swallowers.

dbner's Monthly is quoted as proving that
hybrids may be obtained in this way. The editor

872

THE GARDENElVa MUM'ULy

[ JJecenUteTf

iiidoed flops know that Hiis is possible : nt tho
same time lie is of the <i])iiiion that no one lias
systemntieally tried to raise anj' in this way, and
hius no hesitation whatever in l)elievin<; that any
" ajjent" who oflered such a " new variet)'" is a
'• fraud."

This discnssion lias been iroin^r on for some
time, and in view of the nse made of tiie name
of the editor of the (.Iakdexkr's Monthly,
friends have written that he outrht to take some
notiee of it. But he has never had the slightest
sympathy with those who buy of irresponsible
pedlars. These people do not read the Gai{-
DEXEU's Monthly, or any intcllisxcnt aurieul-
tural or horticultural jiapcr, and all we can say
will not help those who do not read. I

SCN.U'S AAV^f OUJiRIliS

^EcHMEA DISCOLOR. — This is probably the
name of the seed vessels sent by " a subscriber,"
Syracuse, X. Y.

The Coral Plant— J. J., Philadelphia— Often
the " Coral Plant " is the Cuphea platycentra,
and then as often it is Erythrina Crista-galli.
Your plant is probably the last named.

Andromeda arborea in Ohio. — An intel-
ligent correspondent writes that this pretty little
tree is confined to the sandstones of the south-
eastern quarter of Ohio. It is scarcely found, he
says, west of the Sciota, except on the sandstones
near Portsmouth. We may note that Michaux,
in his "Travels in America," speaks of it in
connection with limestone regions.

Prickly Comfrev. — A Boston correspon-
dent sends us a sample of Prickly Comfrey which
he "bought and paid for," and which he pro-
nounces an "unmitigated humbug." Prickly
Comfrey may perhaps diserve tliis emphatically
expressed character, but in the present case it is
only fair to say our correspondent has been
"humbugged." lie has the old garden Comfrey,
and not that wonderful kind which is to give 100
tons to the acre some day I It seems to be a
game of " humbug " all round.

Gymnocladus in Germantown. — A corres-
pondent writes to the editor: " Your correction
of Mr. Hovey is just and well-timed. But does
not my good friend know that he has, lo ! these
many years, been planting seeds of Gymnocla-
dus, gathered at Wyck (Miss Haines"), from one

of the oriizinal trees, grown from seeds brought
in by the botanist Nuttall, who gave them to a
little ten-year old gardener, who germinated
them in his corner, his so-<-alled botanic gar-
den, near the Falls of Schuylkill, and that was
more than half a century ivi^one — long enough to
supi)ly the whole neiLrbborhood with this in-
teresting tree, li^-the-way, do you know of the
beauty and value of its product Jis a hardwood
for joinery? Come and see some panels in a
new stone house here-away. If you don't know
the above facts, don't blame me."

The beautiful tree on the grounds of Miss
Haines, referred to by our correspondent, we
believe is an anomal}' in never perfecting seeds.
Small pods are produced with nothing in them.
At least the writer examined them several sea-
sons and found them in this condition; possibly
at other times they may be perfect.

J.iGiiTNiNG and Trees. — B., Hartford, Conn . ,
writes : Noting that 3'^ou lake an interest in the
question of special trees beine' speciallj' attrac-
tive to lightninii, I enclose a slip and ask your
opinion as to whether there is any evidence that
Poplar trees are more attractive than others :

"An eminent scientific authority in Europe
states that a fresh proof is aftorded that the up-
per part of trees, especially of Pojjlars, is an ex-
cellent conductor of^electricity (which only rends
or shatters the wood when it finds a passage in
the trunk), in an account of the eft'ects of light-
ning on an Aspen situated in a wood near the
chateau of Crans, on the shore of the lake of
Geneva. The lightning chooses by preference
the Poplar as a conductor to reach the ground,
and the case under consideration is a striking one,
as the tree was surrounded by other kinds, par-
ticularly Firs, taller than it. Two great branches,
of eighteen and twenty inches diameter, which
surmounted it, were struck by the lightning, and
led it to the ground without having received the
least apparent injury, while the trunk below them
was absolutely shattered. Other recent obser-
vations prove the preference of lightning for trees
situated near the streams or reservoirs of water,
so that the best conductor for a house is a lofty
tree, a Poplar especially, situated between the
house and well, a pond or a neighboring stream."

The onh' evidence we have is the fact that a
Tulip "Poplar" on the Germantown railroad
near Philadelphia, was three times stricken by
lightning within fifteen years. It is true the
Liriodendron or Tulip "Poplar" is not a Poplar,

1878.

AND HORTICULTURIST.

but then electricity is not to be supposed to know
much about botany. There are plenty of real
Poplars in the vicinity, but this Tulip "Poplar"
seems to have been always singled out in pre-
ference, till the last strike killed it.

AsCLEPiAS COKNUTI. — Mrs. M. writes : "Pei--
haps it may be interesting to 3-our readers in
connection with the A. cornuti, that the plant
Avhich stood about two feet and a half high bore
three pods or follicles ; they generally fruit in
pairs. The plant had five clusters of flowers,
consisting of from thirty to sixty blooms. I
gathered one, leaving four to mature. Wood
says but few of the flowers prove fertile ; more
could not in the space. The pods measure
three inches long, one inch in diameter. They
average about two hundred and twenty seeds ;
the three, as near as I could count, had six hun-
<lred and sixty-eight seeds, sufficient for a plant
of it size."

Advantages and Disadvantages of Flo-
rida.—C. 0. S., Seguin, Fla., writes : " The
greatest trouble I find here is in preventing the
numerous insects from destroying the seedlings
and plants. The climate is so mild that I find
numerous insects ready to devour any green leaf
as soon as it makes its appearance, and they are
entirely different from any we have in the north.
We have here ants which are called cutting ants ;
they work only at nights, and it is surprising the
amount of damage they do in a single night.
The past Spring I lost over 200 hills of Lima
Beans tliree inches high in one night, which
they not only cut down, but carried away. It is
next to impossible to destroy them by any
means I am familiar with, or to prevent them
from eating plants. They are in hills or mounds,
and I have repeatedly tried petroleum, chloride
of lime, gas lime and boiling water, but the ants
still live. Can you give me a cure for these
pests ? I have consulted all the works on gar-
dening at my command, and can find but little
said of these ants. I notice in the Monthly a
communication from a writer in California, who
speaks of the devastation they cause, but who
gives no cure. Does he know any? If so, I
would like to see it in some future number.

The climate here is simply splendid, nearly
always a good breeze off' the (^ulf, warm through
the day, cool at nights. There has been no
frost here since December 2-ith, 1877, over ten
months. We still have a few Peaches, but they
are nearly gone ; have had them since May. All

kinds of vegetables can be raised here to perfec-
tion, but there seems to be considerable trouble
in keeping them. You will think it strange,
probably, when I tell you that White Potatoes
are now being brought here from the North. I
never saw finer ones than were raised here the
past season, but it seems impossible to keep
them, they rot soon after being stored away.
They sold here in July at 50c. per bushel •, to-day
they are worth $2.00. With the Sweet Potato
there is no trouble ; it keeps in fine condition by
burying in the ground, the same as is done with
Turnips in the North. I would be glad at any
futm-e time to give you a full description of this
part of the country, and its products, if you think
it would be of any interest to the readers of the
Monthly."

Hybridizing Wheat. — A correspondent
sends the following which he finds in a public
document, from the pen of a high official, and
asks us to comment on its absm'dity :

"Another maxim which farmers generally ac-
cept as an axiom is, that by sowing Wheats of
different qualities together, they will so hy-
bridize as to produce a mixed breed ; while even
a little observation would teach them the error
of this conclusion, and that each grain produces its
own like, and that really no hybridization takes
place at all, and that the mixture of seed pro-
duces the unmitigated evil of mixing Wheats
which perhaps ripen at different periods, or per-
haps require diff'erent treatment when they come
to be reduced to flour. A little study of the na-
ture of plants would seem to be necessary to a
knowledge of their proper treatment during their
growth. Of the flowers of plants some are male
and some female. In some the staminate and
pistillate flowers occupy diff'erent parts of the
same plants, as in Indian corn. In the larger
number of plants the male and female organs
mature at the same time in the same flower ; and
of these some are subject to self-fertilization, and
others to cross-fertilization. Such plants as Peas,
Beans, Wheat, and Barley have the male and
female organs within themselves, and are not
subject to cross-fertilization, and therefore it is
that Wheats do not mix their qualities at all
by being planted together ; and as it is objec-
tionable for other reasons, it should never be
done. The leaf or flower which protrudes from
the glume of Wheat is neither an anther, a pis-
til, nor a stamen, and neither emits nor receives
the fertilizing pollen."

374

THE GARDENER'S MONTHLY

[December f

It is to be sure rather bunirlinsrlv written ; evidently monnt to say— which is the charitable
especially so for a (listintriiished otlicial, but as a way of looking at things — we do not see a irn-at
(|ue.stion of fact and lookiiiL' to what the writt-r deal to object to.

Literature, Travels I Personal Notes.

COMMUNICA TIONS.

ASCENT OF PIKE'S PEAK.

U Y ISAAC C . M A R T I N D A L E .

September 1st. Hardly knowing what may be
the duties of the day, I conclude to be up before
the sun, and "prospect" a little, as that seems
to be a sitrniticant word here ; I also find others
of the same mind, and the ascent of Pike's Peak
determined upon. It is usually made by the use of
ponies, which are small sized horses, and mules ;
occasionally some stalwart individual with plenty
of muscular development and more pride of
purpose, sets out to make the journey on foot;
of our party there are two of this character, and
with knapsacks supplied with provisions, &c., at
live o'clock they turn their backs upon the hotel,
and face the mountain path ; an hour later two
more take the road, mounted, thinking perhaps
the day will be short for the work to be per-
formed. The ascent is usually made without a
guide, and as fourteen persons have decided to
go, these are thought to be all sufficient in our
case ; but that some one should have the over-
sight of the party seems essential, accordingly
the invitation has been extended to myself to
perform that office, I having had the experience
of leading a party of twice the present number
over the Tete Noire Pass of the Alps, in Swit-
zerland, in the Summer of 1874. The position
of leader secures to me the choice of the stable,
and I make the selection without delay. An
early breakfast has been ordered, and all are
expected to be in the saddles ready for the as-
cent at half-past seven o'clock. 'Tis a glorious
morning; not a cloud obscures the sun, or makes
a shadow on the mountain side, a gentle breeze
moves the foliage in the valley, but perhaps
that will soon die away. The countenances of
the party show to the full anticipated joy,

four of our company are ladies, who have
sufficient strength of purpose, nerve and will,
to attempt the height. Each person is sup-
plied with lunch, and a sutlicient quantity of
clothing, should the atmosphere prove to be
cold ere we reach the top. The appointed hour
finds us ready, and we wave adieus to those; we
leave behind, and seek the trail. This year, as
I am informed, is the first time the a-scent has
been made by the course we take : the trail thus
being a new one is reported to be in good condi-
tion, and somewhat shorter than the route of
former years ; yet fourteen miles is the distance
we are expected to travel ere we reach the United
States Signal Station, on the top of the Peak.
The road leads us into Engelman's Canon, and
1 am indeed much pleased to find it so, that I
may have an opportunity to see the beauties and
the grandeur of its ways. Again do I call in
service the experience of my friend Meehan,for
he was the first white man that ever explored
its fastnesses, set foot upon its rocks, or drank
of its crystal floods ; 'twas he who, as its first
explorer, gave it the name of Engelman's Canon,
in honor of the great botanist of St. Louis, for
the reason, as he informs me, that he found Pines
and Spruces growing far up the Canon in
great profusion, and immense in size, beautiful
anywhere, but much more attractive here in
their native elements ; and every student of the
vegetable kingdom well knows, that we are in-
debted to Dr. Engleman more than to any other
person, for much of the knowledge we possess
of the coniferous trees of North America, he
having recently added to his previous publica-
tions several monographs of various sections.
For about a mile the road is broad and well
made, suitable for wagon travel. There are
many residences on the hill-sides, which in the
early morning look fresh and home-like. Along
the stream are several camping parties, who

1878.1

AND HORTICULTURIST.

375

have come to spend a fortnight or more in a
quiet way, apart from the tumult of a busy world ;
some of these in true traveling style partake
of the morning meal, while others are not yet
astir, but have left the faithful watch dog as
guardian of the realm whilst they sleep ; we
disturb them not, nor envy their repast, for at
present ours are higer aims, and we even cast no
longing, lingering look behind, so intent are we
upon the beauties before. Close by the rapid
stream our pathway leads; the Poplars and the
Willows arching overhead, make a romantic
ride. My mind is fully alive to these surround-
ings, and though I may fail to make intelligible
the record with my pen, to those for whom I
write, there is not a doubt but that from the first
hands I have received a full, a realizing sense of
all there is to see. Two miles on our way we
halt at the toll house, fori have learned that 'tis
not alone on broad, smooth highways through
the country that a tax is laid. The assessment
is one dollar and fifty cents for each horse, and
its collection is about sutticient to keep the trail
in repair ; each pays the duty, and forward we
move again. Now the ascent is fairly begun,
and a winding circuitous up hill way it is ; we
have taken the left hand side of the mountain
stream, and it seems to have been selected as
being best suited for the purpose. The name
given to this stream is the Fountaine-qui-Bouille,
and 'tis well named ; we hear the boiling, rumb-
ling sound as its waters dash against the rocks,
we see now and then, amongst the trees far in
the depths below, its foam and splash, as a
plunge is made into cavernous recesses, or as it
reappears from beneath an arching rock; the
volume of water is considerable, and when the
discoverer of Engleman's Canon announced to
the world that he had seen therein a tempestu-
ous, roaring mountain stream, a Avild and foam-
ing cataract, a torrent dashing headlong down
among the boulders and the rocks, he only did what
I have here essayed, tried to give a faint con-
ception of the truth. Flowers in great profusion
bloom close to the water's edge, and some find
their way far up among the rocks. The Maple
and the Willow, the Poplar and the Birch are
growing side by side, but chief among the host,
and altogether lovely, is the towering Pine ; such
specimens as I have nowhere else beheld, with
Firs and Spruce of equal beauty. The botanists
who have visited these mountains years ago,
have distributed among the nurserymen in the
Ea.st, seeds of most of the species that occur

here, and these have introduced them into the
parks and lawns about our cities and among the
residences of well to do country folk, so that
they are not entirely unknown ; but the stateli-
ness of figure, symmetry of form, and harmo-
nious surroundings, fail not to impress the lover
of the beautiful, that in their homes and not irt
ours, is to be seen their full glory and beauty.
These are the Rocky Mountains, — and if it is be-
cause of granite boulders everywhere abounding,
rocks so large that one cannot form a concep-
tion of their size or weight, then the name is
appropriate ; so close upon our path they come
that many have been blasted or broken to make
the way, and where a mis-step or a slipping
stone could not bring anything short of instant
death, by dashing over precipices hundreds of
feet. Several times we cross the seething flood, tlie
slender bridge of logs bending and quivering un-
der the horses' weight ; we pass to the right,
then to the left, and make such sharp tvn-ns, that
the way before us is oftimes not visible ten
yards in advance ; so we rise the mountain side
some thousands of feet, reaching at last a
charming spot known as Sheltered Falls, where
we rest our horses, and regale om'selves with
draughts from the crystal flood that comes from
underneath the sheltered rock; this with the
Naiad's Grotto, just above, is enough to pay for
all om- toil, if we should find nothing more at-
tractive beyond ; but even these fairy scenes we
cannot always know, and so we turn our backs
on this, only to have opened a grander, a more
extended sight, for here the valley opens in full
view, the length of miles we have already come ;
the sloping mountain side, with its coverings of
green, the sentinel rocks on Cameron's cone,
the rushing flood pausing not, but winding when
it reaches the valley, and there like whitened
specks the houses of Manitou appear in the sun-
light. Not long the time allowed to take in a
scene like this ; again we cross the boiling-
flood, and along a stretch of open mountain side
with only here and there a pine, and these not
the same species as we saw farther down the
Canon, for every certain distance more or less,
according to the shelter or the slope, the species
change as higher altitudes are reached. Cross-
ing again the stream, which b}' tliis time is
much reduced in size, we enter a level meadow
hundreds of acres in extent ; here is a remark-
able growth of Aspen, in some places so close
together as scarcely to admit the passage of a
person among them : the giound is well covered

37G

TUE GARDENER'S MONTHLY

{December^

with tall urass and an abundanci' of l)loomin<;
tlowi-rs, Gentians, Blue JJi'lls, Potontillas, sev-
eral species of Pedieularis, Pentstemon, and
Gilias, wild Dandelions, Kudbeckia-s, and a kind
of Thistle not seen before ; pjissing throu<;h this
we come upon the Pine and Spruce again but
still of ditlerent sjjecies. Over a crest of rock
our horses move with steady pace and slow, and
the Tiake House comes in view a short distance
farther on. A beautiful sheet of water is here,
and the house is close by the shore. Those who
^vish to commence the ascent in the afternoon,
make this the stopping place for the night, but
from all the show of comfort that we behold, I
would as leave take a blanket and make my bod
beneath a spreading tree, with the blue sky the
canopy over head. Here w^e overtake the pe-
destrians that left Manitou two hours and a half
in advance of us; they are still looking top-ward,
but their slackened pace tells the story of tired
feet and aching limbs. On the march again,
ere all our part}' get together, for some cannot
ride so fast as the leader, and have lagged far
behind. We are now at an elevation of 10,175
feet and I notice a rapidly increasing change as
we mount higher; the growth of timber, nearly
all Pine, becoming less dense, though many of
the trees are still of large size ; there is but
little of it yomig, and much of the old is dead,
and dying ; the sweeping winds of Winter have
prostrated many of these, which makes a pic-
ture of desolation indeed, though cm-iously
interesting. The ascent is becoming more and
more steep, but fewer rocks, consequently less
winding is the path.

At 12,000 feet elevation, another kind of Pine
is seen, and soon we pass beyond the " timber
line," into the open world again ; the open world,
how natural the expression, for it is open in the
fullest sense ; we are so far above many of the
other mountain summits, that we seem to look
down on avast sea of peaks, which lose individu-
ality as they fade away in t;he dim distance, but
still the "timber line" is discernable, curving
up and down, according to the sheltered loca-
tion. The flora has completely changed, and
assumed its Alpine character, dwarf Blue Bells,
the yellow Senecio, some species of Saxifrage,
a blue Forget-me-not, so limited in range, as not
to extend more than ten yards up and down,
with a few of the pink tribe, a beautiful Gentian
which opens its whitish petals in the sun, some
grass and sedges, all of which gradually become
smaller in size as we mount higher. We pass

those who left the hotel at 6 o'clock and pursue
our way now in advance of all. W. H. II. Bussel,
of St. Louis, is the only one of our party who
keeps close beside me, the others falling farther
and farther behind, as the ascent becomes more
and more rugged. The unclouded sky of the
early morning is now changed and I fear the
f()r<'l)o<lings of a storm is apj^arcnt ; the sun is
ol)scured most of the time, a chilly feeling is in
the atmosphere, and I remark to my companion,
a storm cloud is gathering fast. Just as we
reach the limit of vegetation, except the lichens
on the rocks, a slight rain sets in, soon changing
to sleet, then to snow and hail.

We arc now among the rocks, and scarcel}^
can we discern the trail ; faster and faster falls
the snow, not large in .size, perhaps not larger
than peas are the hail stones, but in numbers,
there are no means of measurement ; our horses
shake their heads and stop. We hold a hurried
consultation. Shall we turn back? for doubtless
danuer lies in the way before us, and we know
not how much farther we have yet to go ere the
top is reached. Onward and upward, is our con-
clusion, and we urge the horses forward. The
ditliculty of breathing is now sensibly felt. So
steep and rocky has become the ascent that not
a dozen yards can we advance without our horses
stop to draw full breaths. The severity of the
storm increases; our^ coats are buttoned tight to
keep out the driving hail, we hang our heads in
silence, not a sound reaches our ears but the
wind as it rushes past. So winding has become
the path that we have lost sight of those who
kept nearest us, so tilled the atmosphere, that
the depths below, the heights above, indeed the
rocks are no longer discernable. Our horses
evidently know the way, and on them we
rely. I have known and experienced furious
storms before but never aught like this. Min-
utes seem like lengthened i)eriods, and we are
making headway slowly. Longfellow could not
have written a truer picture when he penned
" Excelsior " had he been through these condi-
tions himself. A tingling sensation in our ears,
distended viens upon the forehead, bodies be-
coming wet and chilled, hands benumbed with
cold, and yet, and yet no end. A line of telegraph
wires stretched across the rocks is now in sight
and courage is renewed, for we may be nearing
the top, but on, on, on, the storm not sensibly
abating for an instant. Around a shai'p promon-
tory of rock Ave slowly work our way, and then
the signal station comes in view ; never sight of

1878.

AND HORTICULTURIST.

zr>

land to the mariner has been hailed with greater
joy than this by us just now ; the fatigues and dan-
gers of the ascent are forgotten for the moment,
and with shouts of triumph we hail the approach
to the longed-for spot. The station is one story in
height and built of rocks; a portion is for shelter
for the ponies used in bringing up provisions,
but not being now occupied by them, our horses
find a place to shield or protect them from the
furious storm. Knocking at the door we hear a
voice from within saying " come in," and we
enter. The sight of a human being in a place
like this, and under conditions like these is a
joyous one, and soon we are seated by a com-
fortable fire enjoying the hospitality of one of
the United States signal service corps. Th&
thermometer registers 35^, no wonder we were
feeling the effect of the chilling atmosphere.
By glancing over the record of observations, I
find this is the coldest day for some weeks past,
the weather having been fine for sometime with
only partial cloudiness. From conversation
with the observer, I learn that the record is
taken regularly three times a day and trans-
mitted by telegraph at once to the department at
Washington, and that this is the highest "outlook"
for " Old Probabilities " in the country. The ob-
servers are changed once a month during the Sum-
mer, or while the trail is open, and then is laid in a
supply of wood and provisions sufficient to last
through the Winter. About a month later the
trail will be closed, and all communications cut
oft', except by telegraph, until Summer comes
again ; methinks I would not fancy living in
such a place, although there is a library of fifty
or more volumes which may furnish food for
many an hour, but the days would pass " wear-
ily and slow," and nights fearful and cold, come
and go, many times repeated through weeks and
months of watching.

(Concluded in next nunil)or.)

EDITORIAL NOTES.

Gardening in America. — An English gar-
dener, who has returned to the Old World, thus
gives his American experience :

"As regards the life of a gardener on such a
place, I would say that after it is laid out, sel-
dom more than one man is kept, and he has to
look after a horse, milk a cow, see to his garden,

and make himself generally useful. If he is
single he can obtain from twenty-five to forty
dollars a month with board and washing ; amar-
I'ied man may obtain from sixty to a hundred
dollars, and sometimes his house rent free. A
man in a place of this kind can always find plenty
to do. For a man who has done nothing but
work in a gentleman's garden in England, to
have to look after a horse and milk a cow may
appear infra dig., but if he goes out there such
is his work Before I went to America I served
two years' apprenticeship at one of the largest
places in Warwickshire, and received eight to
ten shillings a week wages and bothy; after-
wards obtained a situation as journeyman at
fifteen shillings a week; another at seventeen
shillings as foreman. It cost me from ten
shillings to twelve shillings a week to live
out of that, and like a good many more, could
not save much, so I became dissatisfied. I
could see I should have to throw all my young
days away until I could obtain a situation as
head gardener, for a man is not considered capa-
ble of holding such unless he is forty years of
age. I once wrote a letter about the places gar-
deners had to live in, known as the bothy. I
did this when an apprentice, and some head gar-
dener replied I was a dissatisfied apprentice.
He was right ; I was dissatisfied, although I was
fond of gardening. I at last resolved to go to
America with what little money I had saved,
and a little borrowed. I went; I obtained a
situation as gardener to be generally useful. I
had twenty-five dollars a month, all found.
Afterwards undertook to lay out places, this
plan being the first I ever undertook on my own
responsibility. It was about five miles from the
city of Chicago, State of Illinois. I made thirty-
five dollars a month, board and all found. The
question is, did I or did I not better my seven
shillings a week ? Such is the life of a gardener
in the far West. Why did I not learn some
other trade ? Simply because gardening is my
whole study, and I am always happy when en-
gaged in garden work."

Ascent of Pike's Peak. — We give in this
number a letter contributed by Mr. Isaac C.
Martindale, the botanist banker of Camden,
ISTew Jersey, to the West Jersey Press. It is one
of the most graphic accounts of the ascent of this
woundei'ful mountain we ever read, and we are
sure it will be perused with much pleasure by
all our readers. As the editor of this magazine
made one of Mr. Martindale's party in the ascent,

378

THE UAKVENER'ti MOMilLV

[December y

he can appreciate (he full force of his vivid ac-
count.

The American AoinrrLTiinsT. — It is a
pU'asure to note that fliis venerable magazine
has lost none of its youthful force ]>y the change
of proprietors. It is particularly a plea.eure to
trace Professor Thurber's pen through its
column's as diligentlj' as ever. It would have
been a great loss to agricultural Journalism if the
change in proprietor had made any change
there.

The Blessed Bees, — By John Allen. New
York, J. P. Putnam's Sons ; through Claxton,
Remsen & Hatielfinger, Philadelphia.

As we said recently' of another work, we do
not admire these odd titles to books. They
smack of the sensational, and we always take
them up with a prejudice against their contents.
Bees are no doubt a blessing, and in their way
bless and are blest ; but there is no more reason
for singling them out for special blessing than
other things. We might, with as much reason,
write of Blessed Lollj'pops, Blessed Potatoes,
Blessed Sunlight, or Blessed Kisses, as of Blessed
Bees. But this is a matter of taste, and ought
not to interfere with a just estimate of the con-
tents of the work.

It seems to be a fancy sketch in the form of a
story book, and intended to lead the young to
love farming, fruit growing, bee-keeping and so
on, all very good objects. But the trouble with
most of these story books is that the fancy
figui-es with the fancy results, are not sutficientl}'
accurate to satisfy the one who reads pencil in
hand. For instance here is the account of the
Apple orchard which brought in the first lucky
Avind-fall after the threatened financial ruin fol-
lowing "father's death." The net sum, after all
expenses of gathering and marketing was de-
ducted, was 81,196.47. There were 700 trees, and
the average yield per tree was seven and a half
bushels. Now this should give us .'),2")0 bushels,
but in another place we are told the product was
3,169 bushels. However, whichever way the
figures are intended to be, the result is certainly
not exaggerated ; for surely the trees would not
be wider than twenty-five feet apart, so that we
have at least sixty acres in Apple trees. By the
product per tree, we see that the trees had arrived
at full bearing age, at least twelve years old, and
yet the product under S30 per acre, which is no
very remarkable revenue after waiting so many
years. If an orchard would really not do better

than this, it is a question wliether the Westerir
farmer had not better stick to Wheat and Corn.

However, the main object of the book ia to
speak of the blessing of bees. We fancy bee-
keepers will be glad to read it, and compare
the fanciful results with their actual experience.
It is only ^1.00, and they will no doubt ^ot their
full money's worth.

HoRTicuLTiTRAL SOCIETIES. — We have a
large number of notices of the Winter meetings
of various Horticultural Societies to be held
early in December, but as that will have arrived
by the time the reader gets this, it is of no use
to announce them. One in January, the third
Tuesday, is the Fruit Grower's Society of Penn-
sylvania, which meets this 3'ear at Reading.

Indiana State Horticultural Society.
This Society will hold its eighteenth annual
session in Danville, Indiana, beginning on Tues-
day, December 17th, and continue for three djiys.
A liberal premium is offered on Winter Apples.
Governer Furnas, of Nebraska, is booked for an
address, as well as other distinguished fruit
growers from abroad. "Come over and help us,'*
is what they write.

SCRAPS AND QUERIES.

Are Nursery Trees Personal Property ?
M. asks : " What is the law about nursery trees?
Are they to be considered real estate or personal
property? Ought thej^ not, in any event, to be
considsred personal property ? I hear some
argue that they ought to be regarded as real
estate."

We do not feel competent to answer this ques-
tion. Different judges decide differently ; nor can
we say what it ought to be regarded. If one is
in a part of the countr}' where taxes are levied
on personal property, he would be glad if trees
were real estate. It requires a great deal of
knowledge derived from the study of ages of ex-
1 perience to decide this.

Bahama Pine Apples. — W. G. B., Media,
Pa., writes of the statement quoted from the
London Colonies^ quoted in our last : " The state-
ment in the Gardener's Monthly, that as
many as a million and a half of the fruit (Pine
Apples) has been collected from a single acre at
one crop, in the Bahamas, is most astonishing ;
309 to a square yard ! This appears to need ex-
planation."

INDEX.— VOLUME XX.

Abies Harryana, 328

" or Picea, Which is it, 51,

185

•' Reginje amelite, 186

" venusta, 23

Abnormal growth of a Potato,

216

Abutilon, Geo. A. Stanley, 204

" rosaeflorum, 334

Abutilons, Improved, 3.33

" Seedling, 358

Aealypha macrophylla, 303
.\cer macrophyllum, 343

" rufineroe, 167
Acknowledgements, 62
.Eehmea discolor, 372
Advantages and Disadvantages

of Florida, 373
Agapanthus umbellatus, 332
Agave Shawii, 44
Agent, That Fraudulent, 60,
124, 159
Agricultural Ants, 23

" Club, Mass., 256

" Department, Sci-

ence in 160, 191
" Grounds, 212

Agriculture, Conn. State Board

of, 224
Ailanthus, 3, 164

" Additional Notes, 68
Akebia, Fruiting of, 326
Alabama, Fruit Culture in, 15
Alcohol lor Mealy Bug, 41
Alexander Peach, 307
Algiers, Eucalyptus in, 18
Alnus Oregona, 343
Alocasia Jenningsii, 265, 302
Alonsoa albiflora, 11
Alpine plants, 34
-Viuarvllidacese, 361
Amarylli.s, 132, 204. 236, 301
and Orchids, 301
'• and their Culture.

45
" Double, 119,160,233

" longifolia, 230

Amateurs, to, 259
America, Coffee in, 112

" Gardening in, 377
" Vine Disease from,14

American Agriculturist,222,378
" and Hardy Ferns,251
" Bookseller, 62
" Forestry, 50, 313
" Globe Arbovitse, 67

Naturalist, 62
" Pomological Society,
160, 192
" Poplars, 116
" Tuberoses, 38
" Vines in France, 112
Among the Orchid Growers,
1(19, 200
" the Orchids, 134
AmorphophalUis, Fine, 11
Amsden's June Peach, 307
Andromeda arborea,345,369,372
Japonica, 5
" speciosa, 230

Andromedas, 165
Angullula radicola, 24
Another word on Raspberries.
207
Annual Report, Fairmount

Park, 280
ADtbtirium ornatum, 267

Sberlzerianum, 73
Antipodal Hyaeiuths, 72
Ants, Agricultural, 23
" on Geraniuiu Roots, 280

Aponogeton distachyon not
Necessarily an Aquatic,294
Apple, Ben Davis from Michi-
gan, 14
" Brewington Pippin, 112
" Carter's Blue, 81
" Champagne, 145
" Chenango Strawberry,
110
" Concerning two Species

of, 15U
" Lady, 178
" Northern Spy, 81
" Ohio, 150
" Orchard, Largest in the

World, 150
" Orchards, Lime for, 17,
81, 110
" Oregon Crab, 150
" Scribner Spitzenberg, 49,
82
,, " Stocks, Dwarf, 17
" Stump, 17

" Swayzie Pomme Grise,
208
" Trees, Fall Blooming of,
82
." Trees,Summer Shade for,
336
Apples, Celestia, 111
Fall, 310
" for Mississippi, Best,48
" for Missouri, 81
" Hybrid graft, 371
" in Philadelphia, 14
" Pepular Pennsylvania,
310
" Summer, 310
" Winter, 310
Aquatic Planl,Aponogeton dis-
tachyon, not Necessarily
an, 294
Arboretum, Cambridge, Mass.,
51
" Nashville, Tenu.,

152
Archbishop Wood Geranium,
45, 305, 358
Arkansas, Cuttings in, 82
Artificial Wood Tiles, 330
Ascent of Pike's Peak, 374, 377
Asclepias coruuti, 316, 373
Ascomyces deformans, 315
Asparagus Forcing in Paris,16
in England, 239,336
" Large, 281

" plumosus, 303

Aspect of a Greenhouse, 77, 203
Aspens, 21

Asphalium Walks, '..94
Asters, China, Beautiful, 203
Astilbe barbata, 5, 294

" Japonica, 5
AstrapaeaWallichii, 41
Austin Tex., ( iardeningin, 3.56
Australia, Big Trees in, 149
Red Wood in, 313
Australian International Ex-
hibition, 350
" ' Plants, Beautiful.
43
Austrian and Scotch Pines, 328
Azalea, Duke of Edinburgh, 303
Azelas, Thrips on, 45

B

Bahama Fruits, 350

" Pine Apples, 378

Baltimore, Cliltou Park Gar-
dens, 31S
" Horiiouliure in, 318

Baltimore Park Commission,
159
Band for Codling Worms, 240
Barrenness in the Fig Tree, 85
Bartram Oak, 134
Baskets, Round, Roses in, 326
Beans, Jumping of Mexico,
88, 213
Beautiful China Asters, 203
" Cyclamens, 140
" Hydrangeas, 295
" Turnip, 209
Bedding, Carpet, Winter, 102
" Plants, How may be
Arranged, 34, 193
Beds, Carpet, 98, 130
Ribbon, 66, 163
Beech, Can it be Struck by
Lightning, 186, 343
" Tree, Ad v e n t i t i o u s

Buds in the, 316
" Trees,Lightning-proof
245
Beggar Ticks, 19
Begonia achrne, 60

" Double-leaf in a, 246
" Frocbelli, 204
" kallista, 60
Begonias, Tuberous as Bedders,
109
" " Rooted,2,72

Belgian Honeysuckle, 263
Belgium International Exhibi-
tion, 224
Belladonna Lily, 303
Ben Davis ,lpple from Michi-
gan, 14
Berries, Service, 112
Bible Plants, their History, '282
Big trees in Australia, 149
Birch, Cut-leaved, Variation in,
230
" The, 182
Birnam Woods, 149
Bishop Wood, Double Gera-
nium, 7, 8
Bitter Sweet, a Staff Tree, 195
Black and Yellow Locust, 149,
210, 211
" Walnuts and Orchards,
182
Blackberry, Hoosic Thornless,
337
Blanching Celery, 239
Blandifolia princeps, 9
Blessed Bees, 378
Blight, Flax, 23

'^ in the Pear Tree, 116,

141

" Proof Stocks, 81

Blood-leaved WeepingBeeeh, 4

" Norway Maple,

229

Blooming Hyacinth, 76

" Roses,to the Ground

101 '
Blue Primrose, 295
Blunders and Mulching, 226
Bogus Agent, 60, 124, 159
Books, Valuable, for Sale, 2'.)
Bonne du Puits Ansults Pear,
340
Borders, Grape, 83, 142, 341
Borer, Rhododendron, 24
Boston, Fruit Prospects at, 180
Botanical Contributions is,')
" Nanie of .Swuet Po-

tato, 118, 153
Botanic Garden, Cambridge,
Mass., 51
" " Melbourne,

94
Botany, (lame of, 62

Botany, North American, 160
Bowers Early Peach, 240
Brassia Miltonia and odonto-

glossum, 136
Brazilian Journal, Scraps from
a, 217

" Lrelias, 232
Brewington Pippin Apple, 112
Briggs, Mr., Marysville, Cal.63
Browallia Roezli, 68
Budding, Fast, 336
Buds, Adventitious, in the

Beech Tree, 316
Bud the Peach, Time to, 309
Bulbs, Deep Planting of, 295
Burnet Grape, 50
Burns Peach, 273
Business and pleasure, 29
Butterflv Flowers, 76
Byfleld Elm, 275

Cabbage Leaf, Curious, 246
Calceolarias, 236
California, a Day in, 281
" Coffee in, 149

" Curculio in, 310

" Dicentra, 164

" Fruit Notes from>

78
" Fruits in, 15

" Horticulture in 128

" ^lammoth trees of,

149
" Raisins, 339

" Snow Plant of, 345

" Tea Plants in, 48

" Timber in, 211

Wine, 48
Californian Garden, 166
Cambridge Mass., Botanical
Garden and Arboretum, 51
Camellias, 11
Campanula Allioni, 295
Canada, Clapp's Favorite Pear

in, 178
Cannas, 293

Carnation, Peter Henderson,
11,44
" Pres. Degraw, iS

Carnations, Varieties of, 363
Carnivorous Plants, 87, ll6,368
Carpet Bedding, 98, 130

" Winter, 102
Carter's Blue Api)le, 81
Catalogue, Cultural, 160
Catalogues Horticultural, 125
Catalpa Bignonoides variety
speciosa, :i50, 368
" Coffins, 343
" Large, 343
" Planting in the West,
366
Timber, 51, 114, 146
Tree, 148

Trees, Hardy, '242, 366
" Varieties of, 312
Cattelevas, 167
Ceanothus, 291
Celastrus Scandens, 195
Celt TV, Blanching, 239
Celotia Apples, 111
Centaurea Clenientii, 75
Centennial Exhibition of 1876,
222, 253
Cerasus Serotina, Wood of, 114
Cereus, Night-blooming, Pre-
serving Flowers of, 253
" grandiflora, ;i58
Clianieleon Coleus, 3(»2

Wall Flowers, 233

382

TUE GARDENER'S MONTHLY

[December y

•ChaiupiiKiio Apple, W'l
•(.'herno, Kiirlv in (ii'orKia, 239

rn>litiitili', •Jl"
"Cherrv (^uUiirf in tJeorgiu, 2:!.S
" ■ Dvohmiso, 240, :W7
" Now, 270
" TinilKT, 211

Vrtliif of, U'.t
" Troo, KiirKc, is
Clioss, Whoiit und, :U1
<;he.-*tniit, Spiinish, S4

" Troo, 11 Luri;i', 1S2
China Asti-rs, IScuiitiliil, 20:t
•Chinejio Potato or I>iscorca Ba-
tatas, :17
" I'rinirotio, 201, :{."i9
" rrimrosL's, Double, i'A
Cliitty, H. li., i>:$
Cliri.stniiis Flower, a, 15!!

" Rose, l'J2

Chromo, Our, 347
-Chrysanthemums, New race, 6
Cinrliona in Jamaica, .S4
Cinerariius, 106

" Double Flowered,

236
Cinnamon Vine, 89
••Cities, Trees in Large, 261
•City (lanleri, A Pretty, 326
-(."lapp's Favorite Pear in Can-
ada, 17S
Pears, :ill
-Clematis, :!44

" indivisa, 11
•Clittoii Park (lardens, Ralti-

more, 31S
Climbing Hydrangea, :J56
-Coal Tar on 'Fruit Trees, 272
Cobu'a scandens, Variegated,
140, 23:5
Codling Moth Destroyer, 310
" " Parasite on the,

185
" Worms, Band for, 240
Cotl'ee Culture in Southern
States, 15
" in America, 112
" " California, 112, 149

■' Liberian, 87
" Tree, Kentucky, 325
Coffins, Catalpa, 343
Coleus, Chameleon, :i02

" pictus, 4:{
•Colorado Firs and Spruces,
Hardy, 242
" Potato Beetles,Rem-

edy for, 216
Comfrey, Prickly, 372
-Common Names of Plants, 22
Comi)arative Ki>se list, 130, 162
■Connecticut State Board, Agri-
culture, 224
■Constantinople, Vegetation

around, 283
Construction of a Tree, 89
Consummate villian, 2^i;i
•Convolvulus Batatus, IIH
" Ipomea, 153

Cooking Pufl' Balls 13
•Cool House, Orchideae, 39, 230
Coral Plant, 372
•Corporation, Forest, 275
'Correspondence, 2, 7, 13, 19, 24,
:«,39, 47, 51, 53, 63, 66, 71,
78, m, 85, 90, 95,98, 103, 109,
113, 11.5, 119, 129, 134, 140,
146, 150, 154, 161, 167, 175,
180, 18:5, 187, 193, 200, 205,
210, 2i:!, 217, 222, 226, 2:50,
2:56, 241, 243, 247, 257, 263,
270, 274, 277, 290, 296, :505,
312, 314, 322, :529, 336, :541,
343, :5o4, :5.58, 364, 366, :568,
374.
•Correspondence Botanique, 94
Cottonwo(xls, 20
Cottonwood, Yellow, 241
Country Homes, 292
Coxcomb, Dwarf (Crested, 43
Crab Apple, Oregon, 150
•Cracking of Pears, Cure for,203

" of the Pear, .52, 111
•Crescent Seedling Strawberry,
145, 219, 270, 310

Cross-fertilization. 95
" " in Sabbatia

angularis, 278
Crossing and Hybridizing, 279
Croton IMsrai'li,':Wl
Cultivating ( lu-rrv, 238

" Old P'laiits, 48

" ■ Wortlebcrries, 207
Cultivation of the Strawberry,

;{67

" of the Verbena,105

" of the ("hincse

Primrose, :t51
Culture, Amaryllis 45

and Quality of Pears,
143, 175
" .Vsparagus, 3:56
" Colfee, Southern

Slates, 15
" Fruit in Alabama, 15

Urape, 171, :537
" Hyacinth, :531
" Medellina magnifica,
139
" Native Plants, Notes

on, 16G
" Water Lilv, 5
" Orchard Trees, 273
" Orchid, 42, 174,290,329

Pear, 110, 178
" Plant in the West, 43
" Tea in the South, 148
" Window, 170
Cuphea Koezli, 75
Cupressus La>vsoDiana, 5
Curculio in California, 310
Cure for Cracking of Pears, 203
" Mealy Bug, 12, 202
" Thrips, 234
Curious Plant, :{G3

" tirowth of Potato, :569
Curl of the Peach Leaf, 315
Currant, Utah, 113
Cut Flowers, New-fashion in, 74
Cut-leaved Birch, Variation in,
2:50
Cuttings in Arkansas, 82
Cycas Normanbyana, 108
Cyclamens, Beautiful, 140

Daffodils, 327
Dahlias, 328

New, .324
Daisy, English, i:54
Daphne Fortune!, 70
Dark-leaved Norway Maple,230
Darlingtonia Californica, 243,
277, 314
" Leaves Twisted,

Why, 24.5
I>arwin and Bryant, 124
Day in California, a, 282

" Lily (Hemerocallis),. 327
Death of Andrew Murray, 94
" Dr. H. A. Swasey,
318, 349
" J. P. Kirtland, 63
" James Fleming, 252

J. H. McAfee, 221
" Jno. Nichola.s Haage

" T. B. Miner, 283

" Thos.J.Mackenzie,63

" Thos. Rivers, 31

Wm. C. Flagg, 160
Decoration, Floral Table, 201
" Room, Leaf-plants

for, 102
Decorations, Floral, 12, 63

" Winter, 43

Decorative Purposes, Red Beet

for, 102
Deep Planting of Bulbs, 295
Dendrobium nobile, versus

Novelties, 232
Dennett, Col. Danl., 349
Dicentra, California, 164
Diosc'irea batatas, or Chinese

Potato, -37
Diospyros Kaki, or Japanese

Persimmon, 79

Diseased Peach I>eaf, 2(((t
Disease, Fungi and, K7

" in Kuonimus latlfo-

lius, :i
luMarcchal Neil Rose
3, 41, 72,200
" Quince, 240
District of Columbia Horticul-
tural .Society, 2."i6
Dogwood, Scarcity of 19, .50
" Swamp, 181

Timber, 148
Double Amaryllis 119, 160, 233
" Floweri-d Cinerarias,
2:16
" Flowered li^cholotzia,
229
" Geraniums, :t62
" Leaf in Begonia, 246

Richardia, ;504
" Scarlet Geum, 328
Mexican Lily, 333
" White Oleander, 76
Dryers, (iood Fruit, 2:58
Drying Fruits and Vegetables,
146
Dubuque, Iowa, Floral Associa-
tion, 224
Duke of Kdinburgb, Azalea,303
Dutch Bulbs in the South, 129
Dwarf Apple Stocks, 17
" Crested Coxcomb, 43
" June Berry, 87, 141, 176,
186,20.5,237,305,306,350
" Pyracautha, 167
Dyehouse Cherry, 240, :507

Early Beatrice Peach, 307

" Peaches, 2:58, 272
" Season, The, 178
East Endia Millet, 81
Mible Putr-balls, 13
Editorial Notes, 4, 9, 14, 22,
26, 30, 37, 42, 47, 50, 52, 55,
64, 69, 74, 81, 84, 87, 91, 95,
102, 107, 111, 11:5, 116, 120,
125, 1.3:^, 1.39, 14.5, 148, 152,
1.56, 167, 174, 178, 182, 184,
187, 192, 197, 20.3, 208, 210,
214, 218, 222, 229, 2.33, 238,
242, 245, 249, 253, 261, 267,
272, 275, 279, 280, 1^5, 293.
303, 309, 21:5, 317, 319, 325,
3:J1, 338, 343, 344, 347, 351,
369, 377
Editor, European Notes by the
26,55,91, 120,1.56,187,
218,253
" Traveling Notes by, 249
Elm, Bytield, 27.-;
" Slippery, 129
" Thick-leaved, 1.34
" Weathersfield, 342
Endurance of Seeds of Tender

Things, 216
England, Asparagus in, 2:59,336
" Horticultural Exhi-

bition in, .353
" Peaches in, 310
" Public Barks in, 69
" Tea Roses in, 174
English Daisy, 134

" Flower Pots, Sizes, 41
" Gooseberries, New, 81
" Importations of Fruit,
272
" Ivy Wild, The; 1.50
" Names, Mixing, 29
" Primrose, 38
" Sparrow, 1.52
" Sparrow and Seeds and
Fruits, 344
Enongh of a Good Thing, 178
Epidendrum, 263
Epiphyllum truncatura. Grow-
ing, 109
Eradicating Rare Plants, 346
Errors, Typographical, 281
Ervngeum Leavenworthii, 70
Escholotzia, Dbl.-flowered, 229
Escholotzias, New, :5«

Eucalyptus, 84,211,

'' and Thera|M!ullcs,

86
at Norfolk, Va.,1 13
" I'iri'-wiKMl, K.5

" Hardiness of the,

18, 115
in Algiers, 18
in India, 18
" in .Memi>liis,Tonn,

275
in Virginia, 147
Tlml>er, 18
Eucharis Amazonica, 203
Eulalia, Japonica Zebrina, 328
ICn<inimuslalifolius,Di8ea8C, 3

Standard 69
Euphorbia. Injury From, 23
European Notes by the E>ditor,
26,.55,91, 120,156,187,
218,2.53
Sketches, 2.53
Europe, Forest Commissioners,
51
" Fruit in, 310
" Pototo Beetle in, 88
Evergreens, Pre.servation of

I^eading Shoots of, 100
Experiments in Testing Seeds,
.545

Fall Apples, 310
" Blooming of Apple Trees,
82
Farmers and Gardeners, 191
" For, 282
" Magazine, 29
Fast Budding, 3.36
Felling Trees, 274, 341
Fermentation, Pasteur's

Theory of, 346
Ferns, American and Hardy,
2.52
" in Their Homes and

Ours, 318
" of Kentucky, 252
" of North America, 53
Flcus parcelli. Fruiting of,305,
3.58
" Various .SfH-cies of, .'5.58
Fig in Ohio, 48

Fig Tree, Barrenness in the, 85
Filniore Strawberry, 238
Fine (Jrapes, :565
Fire-wood, Eucalyptus, 8.5
First Horticultural Magazine,
192
Flagg, Wm. C, Death of, 160
Fla.x Blight, 23
FleitasSt. John Peach, 238
Fleming, James, Death of, 252
Floral Association, Dubuque,
Iowa, 224
" Decorating, 12, 63
" Decoration, Table, 201
Florida, Advantages and Dis-
advantages of, 373
Flower, a Christmas, 153
" Beds, Watering, 2-59
" Garden and Pleasure
Ground, 1, .3.5, 65,97,
129, 161,193,22.5, 257,
289, .321, .353
" Gardenia, 205
" Pots, English, Sizes of,
41
Flowering of the Raphis fla-

belliformis, 266
Flowers at Paris, Trade in, 350
" Butterfly, 76
" in Milwaukee, 76
" Wild, Royal Love for,
347
Fly-trap, Venus', 3:52
Foliage Plants for Window

Culture, 170
Forcing Asparagus in Paris, 16
Forest Commissioners to Eu-
rope, 51
" Corporations, 275
" Culture, Profits of, .366

1878.

AND HORTICULTURIST.

382

Forestry, 18, 50, 83, 1 13, 146, 180,

210,241,274,312,341,3()« |
" American, 50, 313

« " atParis,113

" Journal of, 349
•' in Forlugal, 242
" in Southern Kansas,
180
" of Ohio, 51

Profit of, 114
" Report Upon, 212
France, American Vines in, 112
" Pears in,lhe Most Popu-
lar, 112
Fraud, a Small, 190
Freed, John, 221
French Notes. 192
Fruit and Vegetable Garden-
ing, 12, 45, 77, 109, 140,
175,205,2o6,2li9,305,3;i4,364
Culture for Market, 82
" " in Alabama, 15

" " in Europe, 310

" " in Kansas, 271

" " Texas, 111

" " Revenue from,64

" Dryers, Good, 238
■' English Importations of,
272
■" Growers Ass'n, Ontario,

• Canada, 224
" Growing in Penna., 3Go
" Notes From ('alitornia,78
" of Japan Persimmon, 113
" Pri'spectsat Boston, 180
" Trees, a liood Way to
Work Over Large, 337
" Trees, ( 'oal Tar on, 272
" Trees, Oil for, 115
" What is a, 87
Fruitful Strawberry, Philoso-
phy Of 214
Fruiting of Akebia, 326

" otFicus parcelll,305
358
" of Stapelia, 345
" of Wistaria sinensis,
215
•Fruitsand Vegetables, Dryiug,
146
" Bahama, 350
" in ('alifornia, 15
" in Iowa, 305
" New and Valuable, In-
troduction (if, 30
" New in New Hampshire
364
" " Notes on, 144, 176

" " or Rare, 16, J9, 82,

112,204,208,310,340
" " Pateniing, 28
" RipeniuK of, 117
" Small, 306
" Tropical, 49
Fuchsia, 252

" racemosa, 11
Fumigating Greenhouses, 303
Fungi and disease, 87
Fungus Spawn, 279

•tjarden, Californian, 166
Pretty City, 326

" Room", 174

" What is a, 194
<iardens and (hardening in

Austin, Texas, 356
Gardeners and Farmers, 191

" Why They Should
Marry, 124
( lardening in America, 377
Gardening in Norfolk, 167

" longivity, 221

Gall on Wild Cherry Leaf, 186

" Rose, 186
Gardenia Flower, 204
Geo. A. Stanley, Abutilon, 204
■(ieorgia. Cherry Culture in, 238

-' Karly Cherries in,239

" Peach, the First, 208

■" Pears, 339

Georgia State Hort.Society,224
Geranium, a Fine, 9

" andPelargonium,252
" Archbishop Wood,45
305, 3.58
" Bishop Wood, double
7,8
" Guillon Mangellon,
305, 358
New Life, 139
" Roots, Ants on, 280
" Summit of Perfec-
tion, 44
Geraniums and Snakes, 214
" Double, 362

" New, 76

" Ralph and Fanny,

135
German and American Globe

Arbovities, 67
Germantown Hort. Society, 192
" Gymocladus iu,372
Germs, Yellow Fever, Sulphur

and, 545
(ieum. Dark scarlet, 32s
Gladiolus, Hardy, 230
Glass, Grape Culture Under, 13

" Panels, 298
Glazing, 9

Gloxinias, Semi-double, 75
(iood Way to Work Over Large

Fruit Trees, 337
Gooseberries, Grafting Stocks
for, 179
" New English, 81

Gooseberry, Seedling, 274
Grafting, New Varieties by, 184
" Rooted Eyes, 81
Stocks for, 70, 179
Grape Borders, Outside, 83, 142,
341
" Black Hamburg, 16
" Burnett, 50
" Chat, 47

" CultureinTexas,271,337
" Culture Under Glass, 13
" Growing, Profit of 112
" Monukka, Hybridiza-
tion of, 16
" Moore's Early, 365
" Prentiss, 365
" Rot, Phylloxera and, 48
" Vine, Insects on, 273
" Prentiss, 340
" Welcome,New Foreign,
310
Grapes and (iraperies, 311
" Fine, 3()5

" Growing iuVineries, 208
Grass Burner, Mennonite, 171
" Lawn, 199, 263
" Orchaids in, 47
" Pears in, 140
Gray, Prof. Asa, 252, 318
Greenhouse and House Gar-
dening, 6, 39, 71, 103, 134,
167, 200, 230, 263, 295, 328,
:i.58
Greenhouse, Aspect of a, 77,
203
" Span or Lean-to,

205
Greenhouses, Fumigating, 303
" Heating.Sraall,9

" Small, 299

Green Manure. 359
Grey Pine, 293
Grounds, Agricultural, 212
Growing Ephyllum truncatum
109
" Richardi .Ethiopica,8
Growth, Abnormal, 216

" of a Marechal Nlel

Rose, 267

" Timber, Rapidity of,

84

Guillon Mangellon Geranium,

305, 358

Gumbo, 273, 364

" The True, 336
(ium. Persimmon, 182
Gymnobladus in Geruniutown
372

Haage, Jno. Nicholas, death of,
318
Hairs of Plants, 185
Handsome Leaved Pear Tree,
5
Hardiness in Winter,Influence
of Summer on, 338
" of Eucalyptus in
Philadelphia, 18
Hardy Catalpa Trees, 242, 366
" " Col o r a d o Firs and

Spruces 242
" Ferns, 251
•' Glatliolus, 230
Heating Small Greenhouses, 9
Heat, Internal, of Plants, 117

" Specific in Trees, 117
Hedge Plant, Purple Beech as

a, 293
Heliotrope, Winter, 102
Hellebore Powder, 332
Hemerocallis, 327
Hibiscus (Rosa sinensis) alba
variegata, 38
" (Rosa sinensis) car-

minata perfecta,38
" (Rosa sinensis)mini-

ata semi-plena, 38
Hide-bound Trees, 17
Highland Hardy Ra.spberry,14
Hints, Seasonable, 1, 6, 12, 33,
39, 45, 65, 77, 97, 225, 227,
269, 289, 295,321,328,3:}4,:553,
:i57, 364
History of the Weeping Wil-
low, 119
Hog,Managenient and Diseases

of,:i48
Hollies, Transplanting, 199
Holywood at Long Branch, N.

J., 322
Homes, <ountry, 292
Honest Man, an'Exceptionally,
191
Honeysuckle, Belgian, 263
Hoosic Thornless Blackberry,
337
" " Raspberry,

13
Hornet Raspberry, 273
Horticultural and Poniological
Association,
Texas, 256 j

" Catalogues, 125 ,

" Exhibition, Bel- |

gium Interna- i
tional, 224
Exh ibition in j
England, 352
•' Exhibitions,

Nurserymen
and, 352
" Importations,124

" Magazine, the

First, 192

" Paper,Value of a,

28

" .Societies,30,63,95,

125,192,222,253,

285, 319,351,378

" Society, Dist.

Columbia, 256

" Society, Georgia

State, 224
" Society, German-

tow n, Phila-
delphia, 192
" Society, Indiana

State, 378
" Society, Kansiis

State, 63
" Society, Ken-

tucky^ 128, 25»)
" Society, Mary-

land, 128, 224,
352
'• Society, Mass., 31

128,159,288,319
" Society, Minne-

.sota', 124
" Society, Mont-

gomery Co., Ohio, 96

Horticultural Society, Ne-
bra.ska State,
94
" Society, New Jer-

sey State, 320
" Society, New

York, 128, 192
" Society, Ohio, 96

256
" Society, Penna.,

32, 192, 223, Zol
Society,S.C.State,
32
" Society, South

Eastern Kan-
sas, 95
" Society, Western

N. Y., 224
" Society, Wiscon-

sin State, 224
Horticulture and American
Forestry at
Paris, 113
" at the Paris Ex-

hibition, 159
" in Baltimore,318

" " California,128

" " Japan, 133

" "Maryland,

284, 317
" Rapid Progress

of our, 67
Horticulrurist, Canadian, 160
Hoteia Japonica, 5
Hot Water for Mealy Bug, 41
Houstonia Cwrulea, 229
How the Root Grows, 346
Hyacinth Blooming, 76
" Culture, *31

" Antipodal, 72

Hybridization of the Monukka
and Black Hamburg
Grapes, 16
Hybridizing and Crossing, 279

Wheat, 373
Hybrids in Nature, Abstract

of Paper on, 344
Hybrid Graft Apples, 371
" Strawberries, 20<)
" Tropaeolums, 5
Hydrangea, Climbing, :i.56
Hydrangeas, 292

" Beautiful, 295

Hypericum Pyrimidatum, 262

I

Illustrated Annual of Rural

Attairs, 62
Iniatophylluni, 153
Importatron, Horticultural, 124
Improved Abutilons, 3.33
India, Eucalyptus in, 18
Indiana State Hort.Society,378
Infant Form of Leaf, 311 "
Iiuury from Euphorbia, 23
Im>ectivorons Plants, 153
I Insect Powder, 349
[ " Strawberry, Destruc-
I five, 36.T

" Strawberry Leaf, 311
" Traps, 239'
Insects on the trrape Vine, 273
" Remarks on, 29
" Wages of, 22
International Exhibition,Aus-

tralian, 350
Iowa, Fruits in, 305
Ironwood, 89
Ivy in New England, 67
" Scale on the, 44
" Wild, English, 150

Jamaica, Cinchona in, 84
Japanese Mushrooms, 3 ^9

" Persimmon, Diospy-
ros Kaki, 79, 115, 146
Japan, Horticulture in, 133
" Pines of, 229
" Quince, 3.55

384

THE aAHDENEliS MoyTJ/LV

( Xoranber

Japan, Wrapping around Lily

KiidN, '2]t;
.liiixliiiioirs, Wiiiilow Hiixos

ILUd, Jli-'l

JiuiniiiK-, Virgiiiiiin, U')l
Juni|iiiig IWaus of Mexico, 88,

.liinclxTrv, Dwarf, ST, Ul, 176,

iM'i, •j()5, •.':!?, ;!a"i, ;ioc, .'yM)

.luni|HT, Worm on the, 70

Kansas, Karly Peaches this
year in, :i72
I'niit Culture in, 271
" Southern, l-'orestrv in,
'180
" State Horticultural .So-
ciety, G.'5
Kentucky Cotl'ee Tree, 325
" Horticultural So-

ciety, r>, 2;")6
Labor and Wages
in, 240
Killing Mealy Bug, 130
Kinnenian's Seedling Peach,
240
Kirtlaml.Dr. .I.P.,l)eath of,0:j

Labor and Wages in Kent ucky,
240
Lady Washington Pelargo-
niums, 174
Ladv's Wheelbarrow, a, 193
Lafli'as, 2.30

" Brazilian, 232
" Mexican, 231
Lamiuin Purpureuni, 133
Large Asparagus, 281
Catalpa, 343
" Chestnut Tree, 182
" Peaches, ;i39
White Oak, 242
Late Strawherrv, 309
Lawn (irass, 199, 263
J^iwns, .'JS

" Picturesque, 227, 257
Laws Against the Yellows, 24

" Post oHitc. 154 ;_U7
I^ayers, Propagation by, 229
Leaf, Calibagc, Curious, 246
" (.all on the, 186
" Infant Form of, 277
" Plants for Koom I)ecora-
tion, 108
Leaves,Skeleton,How to make,
267
" Twisting in Darling-
tonia, Why, 314
Lemon Verbena, 293

" Woo<l, 19
Lent Lilies, 174
Ijeucojum roseum, 295
Liberian Cotl'ee, 87
Light for Tropical Plants, 88
Lightning and the Beech Tree,
186, 343
" and Trees, 'M2

" Proof Beech Trees,

245
" Rods, 246

Lilac, Persian, 293
Lilies, Lent, 174
Lilium auratum, 323

White, 262
" Krameri, 133
Lily, Belladonna, 303

Buds, Japan wrapping
around, 216
" Day, ( Hemerocallis,) 327
" Mexican, Double, 333
" Victoria, liSl
Lime for Apple Orchards, 17
81,110
" Orchids, 112
Linseed Oil for Pear Trees, 83
J^inum perenne, 116

Literature, Travels and Per-
sonal Notes, 24, 53.90, 119.
154, 187, 217. 247, 280. .317.
.147, ;t74
Lobeliits White, ,327
I/OCUNt, Black or Yellow, 149,
210. 211
Timber, ;}43
Tree, 342
London Florist and Pomolo-

gi^t, 94.
Long Branch, N. .T., HolywoiMl

at. .322
lyongevity, (iurdcning, 221
Long worth I'rolilic Straw-
berry, 239
Luculia gratissima, 1.39.202,2.34
" Pinciann, 2.34

M

Mackenzie, T. . I., Death iA,m
Malialeli Sloeks, 145
Malaenion Peaches, .308
Maminoth Trees of California,
149
Manetti Stock, Roses on, 37
Manure, Green, ,3.39
Maple, Norway, Hlood-1'vd, 229
" " Dark-l'vd, 2'iO
Marechal Niel Rose, Disea.se
in, 3,
41. 72,
200
" " " (irowth

of, 267
Market, Fruit Culture for, 82
Maryland Horticultural So-
ciety, 128, 224, ;}52
" Horticulture in,

284. 317
Massachusetts, Agricul. Club,
256
" llort. Society,

.31, 128, 1.59.
288. 319
" Premiums lor

Tree Plant-
ing, 148
Mealy Bug, 41

" Additional Note

on, 232
" Alcoliol for, 41
" Cure for, 12, 202

Hot Water for, 41
Killing, 136
Medinella m.agnifica. Culture

of, 139
Melbourne Botanic (iarden, 94
Memphis, Tenn., Eucalyptus

in, 275
Mennonite (irass Burner, 171
Mexican Lielias, 2.31

I>ily, Double, 333
Mexico, .Jumping Beans of, 88,

218
McAfee, J. 11., Death of, 221
Michigan, Apple from, 14

" State Poniological
Society, 351
Mignonette, Natiye Place of,
344
Millet, East India, 81
Miltonia, 1:^6

Milton, Ky., Peach Crop of, 240
Milwaukee, W'is., Flowers in,
76
Miner, T. B., Death of, 283
Minnesota Hort. Society, 124
" Tree Planting in,

114
Mississippi, Best Ap))les for, 48
^lissouri, Apples for, 81
Mistletoe, How to Proijagate,
326
Mixing Oil and Waiter, 267

" up English Names, 29
Modus operandi of the Dar-

lingtonia, 243
iloles. About, ;i38
Montgomery Co., Ohio Hort.

Society, 96, 2.56
Moore's Early (irapes, SG-i

Moore'H Rural Life, 252
Moms Hnnkvts, How to Make,
3.32
Moth, C<Mllin({. Ik'.stroyers, ,310
Mouml Making Anis of the

A I leg bellies, 94
Mounlain .\>h, .S'ctlless, ]]8
Mf)ve, A (io(Hl, 114
Moying Large Trees, fi
Mowing the Leaves of Straw-

beiries, 273
.Mulihitig, hlunders and, 226
Murderous Plant, Darliiigto-

nia ( aliforniea, 243
Murry, Andrew, Death of, 94
Musbnioms, .lapanese, .'{.39
Music, •>«.)

N

Nani'cs, English, Mixing, 29
" of Plants, 2.30. 26.'i
" " " Common, 22
Nashville, Tenn., Arboretum
at, 152
Native Flowers and Ferns of
the r. S., 221
" Place of Mignonette,
344
" Sumac, ;}43
Natural History and Science,
19,.^)i; 85,115,150,183,
213,243, 277. 314, :J4:i,
368
" Transplanting, 51
Nature, Hybricis in, Abstract

of Paper on, .344
Nebraska State Hort. i^ociety,
94
Necrology, 126
Neglect eA Orchards, 146
Neglecting Orchard Trees, 81
Ncrtera ilepressa, 302, :«)0
New Auu'rican I'ruits, and
Valuable,! ntrodiut ion
of, 30
" Cherrv, 270
" Dahlias, 324
" Early Peaches, 236
" England, Ivy in, 67
" " Weeping Wil-

low in, 154 »
" English ( iooseberries, 81
" E.sclioltzias,38
'■ Fashion in Cut-flowers,
74
" Foreign Grape, Welcome
310
" Fruits in NewHanipshire,
;i64

" Fruits, Patenting, 28
" " Notes 011,144.176

" (ieraniums, 76
" .Jersey State Horticultu-
ral .Society, 320
LatePeaclies, :U0
" Life (ieranium, l.'«)
" or Rare Fruits and Vege-
tables, 10, 49. 82, 112,
204, 208, 310, 340, 365
" or Rare Plants, 5, 9, 38,
43, 69, 75, 10.'{, 109, 134,
229. 234. 239. 262, 267.
295. 30.'3. 328, 3^3, 362
" Product From the Pine, :

18
" Race of Chrysanthe-
mums, 6
" Regal Pelargonium, Mrs.
.lohn Saul, 109
Source of profit, ;«9
" Sto('k for the Pear, 206
" Varieties of (irafting,184
" York, Weather in, 52
" Zonale Pelargonium, Dr.
Denny, 234
Niereml)ergia rivularis, 229
Nomenclature, 9(j I

Norfolk, (Jardening in, 167

" Va. Eucalyptus at,113 I
North America, Ferns of, 5;j
" (Carolina, Trees in, 149
" West, Pear Culture in,
178

Northern liange of the Willow
Oak. 148
■ Spy Apple, 81
Note on Meulv Kiig, Additional

2;i2

Notes, European, by the l'>ll-
lor, 26. 5'). 91. 120.156.
187. 218. 25;t
French, 192
" For 1877. 100
" l'"roiii Oregon, 86
" on Allanthus, 68
" on Culture of Native
Plants, llj6
on New Fruits, 144. 176
" on October Monthly, SB.'i

on Orchids, v(Xj
" on Raspberries, 1(>9
" on Tree Planting, 149
" Traveling by the I'xiitor,
249
Novelties, Protect ion to, 54
" versus Dciidrobiuni
nobile, 2.'^2
Norway Maple, Blood-leaved,
229
" " Dark-Pvd.2.3(i

Nurserymen and Horticultu-
ral Exhibitions, ;i52
Nursery l^ees. Personal Prop-
erty, Are, :!78»
Visits, a50

Oak, Bartraiu, 134

" Staves, 149
" White, a Large, 242
" Willow, 11:!
" " Northei n liange

of, 148
Obituary, 31,63, 94, 126, 160,221,

2.02, 283, 318, 349
October Peaches, 339

" Monthly, Notes on,355
Odontoglossum, 136, 137
Ohio, Andromeda arborea in,
372
Ohio Apple, \r,{)
" Fig ill, 48
" Forestry of, 51
" Horticultural Society, 96
Oil and Water, Mixing, 207
" for Fruit Trees, 115
" Olive, 339
Oiled Sheeting, 269
Oleander, Double White, 76
Olive oil, 339
Oncidiums, 103

Ontario, Canada, Fruit Grow-
ers Association of, 224
Orchards, Black Walnuts and,.
1K2
" in (irass, 47
" Lime for, 112
" Neglected, 146
" Notes on, 200
" Trees, Culture of 273
" " Neglecting, M

Orchideie, Cool-house, 39, 230
Orchid Culture, 42, 329

" " in the U. S.,

Progress of, 174, 29(V

" Cirower.s, Among the.

169. 206

Orchids, 234

'■ Amaryllis and, 301
•' Among the, 134

With Other Plants,
71, 10:1
Oregon, Notes from, 86

" to Washington, From.
1.S7
Oriental Plane Tree, 4

" Spruce, 69
Origin of the Prairies, 185
Ornamental Vines, Window

Hood for, .3'25
Our Chronio, 347

" Last Volume, 28
Outside Grape Borders, 83, 142,
341
Ovi-viviparous Creatures, 371

1878.1

AND HORTICULTURIST.

385

Packing and Transportation,

Improvement in, 81
Panels, Glass 29S
Pansy, Port.raiiure or Heart's

Ease Pic tn res, 247

Parasite on the Codling Moth,

18o

Paris, American Forestry and

H.irticiilture at,"ll;i

" Exl)ihition, Horticulture

at, 159
" Flowers at. Trade in, 350
Park Commission, Baltimore,
159
" Trees, Protecting from
Cattle, 293
Parks, Something about, 23
Parry, Dr. C. C, (53
Pasteur's Theory of Fermen-
tation, 316
Patenting New Fruits, 28
Peach, Alexander, 807
" Amsden's June, 307
" Bower's Early, 240
" Burns, 273
" Crop of Milton, Ky, 240
" Early Beatrice, 307
" ;■ Fleitas St. John, 2.38'
" Georgia, the First, 208
" Growing South, 238
" Kinnaman's Seedling,
240
" Leaf, Curl of, 315
" Leaf Diseased , 209
" Sallie Worrell, 311
" Thompson's Orange,273
" Time to Bud, 308
'' Vagaries of the, 337
'' Wilder, 339
'' Yellows, Laws Against,
24
Peaches, Early, 288

" " in Kansas, 272

" in England, 310
" Late, 389
" Malacoton, 308
" New Early, 236
" New Late, 340
" October, 389
."■■ Texan Early, .339
Pear, a remarkable, 177
" Blight, 116
" Bonne du Puits Ansults,
840
" Clapp's Favorite in

Canada, 178
" Cracking of the, .52, 111
" " Cure for,203

" Culture, 110
" " in the North-

west 178
" Leaf might in the, 238
" New Stock for the, 206
" Prickly, 28
" Rescue, 49
" Slug, 180

" Souvenir du Congres,
178
" Tree, Blight in the 141
" " Handsome leaved, 5

" " Philadelphia, Beau-

ty of the, 48
" Trees, Linseed Oil for, 83
" " Slitting the Bark
of, 178
Pears, Clapp's, 811
" in Georgia, 889
" in Grass, 140
" in France, The Most

Popular, 112
" in the West, 341
" Marketing of, 288
" Quality and Culture of,
14.8, 175
Pelargonium and Geranium,
252
" Lady Washington

174
" Mrs. Jno. Saul, 109

" Variet;ated, 174

" Zouale, Mrs. Den-
ny, 284

Pennsylvania Apples, Popular,
" Fruit (irowing in.

865
310
Hills of, 152
" Hort. Society,32,

192, 228, 851
Peulstemon (Mjhtea, 69
Persian Lilac, 298
Persltuiuon Guin, 182

Japan, 79, 115, 146
Fruit of, 118
Personal Property, Are Nur-
sery Trer\s, 878
Peter Henderson Carnation,
11, 44
Phenomenon, Strawberry, 16
Philadelphia, Apples in, 14

" Fairmount Park,

Ann. Report, 280
" Hardiness of Eu-

calyptus in, 18
" PearTree,Beauty

of, 48
Philodendron ameurense, 88
Philosophy of a Fruitful Straw-

lierry, 214
Phlo.xes, Specimen, 888
Phylloxera, 145

" and Grape Rot, 48

Picea acicularis, 5
" Engelmanui, 19
" or Abies, Which is it,
ol, 185
Pickeringia Montana, 68
Picturesque Lawns, 227, 257
Pike's Peak, Ascent of, 374,877
Pine, a new Product from, 18
" Apples, Bahama, 378
" Grey, 298
" Lumber of Utah, 182
" Red, 818

" Tree, Utilizing the, 212
" Yellow, 84
Pines, Austrian and Scotch,. 328

" of Japan, 229
Pinus aristata, 118
" Bourseri, 23
" glabra, 180
" ponderosa, 245
Plant, a Murderous, 243,277,314
" Coral, .S72
" Culture in the West, 43
" Curious, 868
" Protection, 25, 90, 119
" Robin Hood, 186
Planting Seeds and Seed,260,290
Plants, Alpine, 84

" Australian, Beautiful,48
" Bedding, How May be

Arranged, 84, 193
" Bible, 288

" Carnivorous, 87, 116, 368
" Common Names of, 22
" Hairs of, 185
" Insectivorous, 153
" Internal Heat of, 117
" Names of, 280, 263
" Native, Notes on cul-
ture of, 166
" Old, Cultivating, 48
" or Seeds from Other Lo-
calities, 118
" Small, Watering, 1.39
" Vegetable, 94
" Winter Decorative, 74,
Ploughing Among the Roots of

Trees, 179
Pomological Literature, 125
" Society, American

160, 192
" Society, Michigan

State, 351
Poplars, American, 116

" Abelis or Aspens and
Cottonwoods, 20, 21
Portugal, Forestry in, 242
Post Office La«s, 154, .".le

" Ruler Again, 124

Potato, Abnormal Growth, 216
" ( 'urious ( i rowthof,869
" Beetle, Colorado,
Remedy for, 216

Potato Beetle in Europe, 88
" Blossoms, Taking off,
116
Powder, Insect, 349
Prairies, Origin of the, 185
Preservation of the Leading
Shoots of Evergreens, 100
Preserving flowers of Night-
Blooming Cereus, 253
Prentiss (irape, 340, 865
Prickly Corafrey, 372

Pear, 28
Pride of the Hudson Rasp-
berry, 48
Primrose, Bine, 295

Chinese, 204, 8.59
I'.nglish, 88
Primroses, Chinese Double, 48
Primula .laponica, 2()1

" varieties of, 108
Prof Ed. Pyuaert Strawberry,
16
Profitable Cherries, 210
Profit, New Source of, 889
" of Forestry, 114
" Grape Growing, 112
Profits of Forest Culture, .366
Progress of Orchid Culture in

the U. S , 174, 296
Propagate Alistletoe, How to,
826
Propagation by Layers, 229
Protecting Park Trees From

Cattle 298
Protection, Plant, 25, 90, 119
" to Novelties, 54

Pruning the Old Canes of

Raspberries, 88
Public Work, Trees for, 62
Puflf Balls, Cooking. 13

p:aible, 18

Purple Beech as a Hedge Plant,

293

Pyracantha, Dwarf, 167

Pyralidte, North American,

PreUmiuary Studies on 348

Quality and Culture of Pears,
14.3, 175
Quei'cus heterophylla, 167
" phellos andQ.falcata,
88,118
Quince Disease, 240
" Japan, 855

Raisins, California, .{:i9
Ralph &. Fanny Geraniunis,185
Raphis flabelliformis. Flower-
ing of, 266
Rapid Progress of Our Horti-
culture, 67
Rare Plants, Eradicating, 846
Raspberries, Another Word on,
207
" Hoosic Thornless,

18
" Notes on, 109

" Pruning Old Canes

of, 88
Raspberry, Highland Hardy,14
Hornet, 278
" Pride of the Hud-

son, 48
Red Beet for Decorative Pur-
poses, 102
" Pine, 818
Red Wood, 19
Red Wood in Australia, .818
Remarkalile Pear, a, 177
Remedy for Potato Beetle, 216
Report Upon Forestry, 212
Reproductive Forces, The, 152
Rescue Pear, 49
Restoring dead Seeds, 24
Revenue from Fruit Culturc,64
Rheum nobile, H'-,oker, 38

Rhododendron Borer, 24

" Occidentale,227

" Occidentalis

and Pickeringia Montana,

68

Rhododendrons, 197

Robert's Portable Terra-cotta

Dry Stove, 269
Robin Hood Plant, 186
Rondeletia anomale, 304
Room (iarden, a, 174
Rooted Eyes, Grafting, 81
Root, How it Grows, .346
Roots of Trees, Ploughing
Among, 179
" Submerged in Winter, 87
Rose, Christmas, 192
" Gall, 186

" List,Comparative,180,162
" Marechal Niel, Disease

on, 8, 41, 72, 200
" Marechal Niel, Growth
of, 267
Roses, All About, 199

" Blooming to the Ground
101
" In Round Baskets, 826
" on Manetti Stock, 87
" Tea in England, 174
Rosy Snowflake, The, 295
Royal Love for Wild Flower.s,
347
Rural New Yorker, 125, 222

Sabbatia angularis, Cross Fer-
tilization in, 278
Sallie Wojrrell Peach, 81!
Saratoga, N.Y., March Weather

at, 152
Saul, Mrs. John, Pelargonium,
109
Scale on the Ivy, 44
Scarcety of Dogwood, 19, 50
Science in Dept. Agriculture,
160, 191
" Observer, 62
Scraps and Queries, 6, 11, 17, 19,
24, 29, 44, 52, 68, 70, 76, 82,89,
109, 115, 184, 189, 146, 145,
1.52, 174, 179, 182, 186, 192,
199, 204, 209, 212, 215, 280,
236, 240, 246, 254, 263, 269,
278, 275, 280, 295, 304, 311,
828, 841, 843, 868, 365, 368,
872, 878
Scraps from a Brazilian Jour-
nal, 217
Scribner Spitzeuberg Apples,
49, 82
Season, the Early, 178
Secular Change of Vegetation,
18
Seeding of Wistaria Sinensis,
184
Seedless Mountain Ash, 118
Seedling Abutilons and Cereus

grandiflora, 358
Seedling (iooseberry, 274

" Strawberry, Crescent
270
" Verbenas, 140
Seeds and Seed Planting, 260,
290
" of Tender Things, En-
durance of, 216
or Plants from Other
Localities, 118
" Testing, Experiments in,
345
Old, 49
" Restoring Dead, 24
Seeds Vitality of, 246
Selagiuclla.Faponica, 262, 354
Semi-double (iloxinias, 75
Sense of Propriety, a, 328
Service Berries, 112
Shade for Apple Trees, 886
Shade Trees of Washington, 87
Sharple.ss Seedling Strawberry
289, 806, 340

38G

THE GARDENEirS MONTHLY

Sheetiiit:, oiUtl, JCy
Shilliiii W.iiKl.J'.i, 6:!
Ski-U-toii l.fuvfs. How tomnke,
•JfJ
Slippirv ICliii, r^;i
Sliltinn'Kark of Trci ;<. 117,178
Slug. IVar, IMi
Snuill Iriiiu-i, .lof.

'■ GrecnlxmseN, lil'H
Suiiih, Ui'iijaiiiiii G., :!."iU
Snails 11

Snakt's and (ioraniunis, 211
Snowilrojis, Sli'alini:. 191
Snow IMnnl of California, :i4,'j
Soil Texture, Relation of, to

Tinilnrtirowtli, 147
Solanuni dulfamara, 195
SoBietliin); About Parks, 2:".
South, Dulili Bulbs in, 129

Carolina State Horti-
cultural Society, .'(2
" Eastern Kansas Horti-
cultural Society, 95
" Ptiach Growing in, 2:f8
Southern States, Culture of

Coftee in, 15
Souvenir du Congres Pear, 178
Spanish Chestnut, 84
Span or Lean-to Greenhouse,
205
Sparrow. English, 152

" " and Seeds and

Vruits, :H4
Spawn Fungus, 279
Specimen Phloxes, :{:>;•
Speciosa Catalpa, 868
Spireae Japonica, 5

" paliuata elegans, 70
Spruce, Oriental, 69
Stapelia, Fruiting of, 345
" Structure of, :!70
Staves, Oak, 149
Stealing Snowdrops, 191
Stepliauotis floribuuda, 74
Stiginaphvlla ciliatum, ;!02
Stock, New, for the Pear, 206
Stocks, Blight-proof, 81
for Grafting, 70
" " Gooseberries,

179
" Mahaleb, 145
Stove, Robert's Portable Terra-
cotta, Dry, 269
Strawberries, Hybrid, 206
Late, 309
" Mowing the

Leaves of, 273
" Watering, 240

Strawberry, Apple, the Che-
nango, 110
•' Crescent Seedling,

104,209,270,310
" Cultivation ol,307

" Filmorc, 238

" Fruitful Philoso-

phy of, 214
" Insect, Destructive

365
" Leaf Insect, 311

" Longworth Prolific

239
" Phenomenon, 16

" Prof. E. Pynaert, 16

" Sharpless Seedling,

239, 306, 340
Stuartia Virginica, 261
Stump Apple, 17
Sulphur and Yellow Fever
Germs, ;}45
" Use of, 144
Sumac, Kative, 343
Summer Apples, 310

" Influence of on Har-
diness in Winter,338

Summer Shade for Apple Trees
336

Suiuniit of Perfection, (Jera-

nluiu. 44
Sun-dial, Place for the, :«(t
Swain|> I>i>j;wotKl, ISI
Swasie, Dr. U. .\., Death of,
318, »49
Swnvzie Puninic de Grise Ai>-

i)le, 203
Sweet Potato, Botanical Name

of, IIH, 153
Switzerland, Tree Planting in,
275
Sycamore Timber, 148
Svlviculture, 02
Synoptical Flora of U. S., 221
Syracuse,Oakland Cemetry,i:t9

Tea Culture in the .'^outli, 14.*^
'• Plants at WasliingKui, 210
" " in California, 48
Teosinte reana luxurian.s, 82
Testing Old Seeds, 49

" .Seeds, Ex)H'rinients in,
345
Texan Eiirly Peaches, 3.!9
Texas, Fruit Cullure, in III
" (irapeCulturein,27I,.'!37
" Hort. and Poniological
Association, 256
Thanks, 3.)0
Therapeutics, the Eucalyptus

and, 86
Thomson's Range Peach, 273
•rhrips, Cure for, 234

" on Azaleas, 45
Tiles, Wood, 330
Timber, <'aialpa, 51, 114, 146
Cherrv, 211
': " ■ Value of, 149

" Dogwood, 148
" Eucalyptus, 18
" Fast (irowing. Value of
148
" Growth, Rapidity of,84
" (irowth. Relation of

Soil-texture to, 147
" in California, 211
" Locust, 343
" Sycamore, 148
Torenias, 8
Tovaria Oleracea, 229
Transplanting Hollies, 199
" Natural, 51

Traps, Insect, 239
Traveling Notes bv Editor, 249
Tree, Catalpa, 148'
" Cherry, Large, 18
" Construction of, 89
" Locust, 342
" Oriental Plane, 4
" Planting in Minnesota,
114
" " in Switzerland,

275
" " Massachusetts,

Premiums for,
148
" Notes on, 149
Trees, Big, in Australia, 149
" Felling, 274, .341
" for Public Work, 62
" Ilide-bound, 17
" in Large Cities, 261
" in North Carolina, 149
" Lightning and, 372
" Mammoth of California,
149
" Moving Large, 6
" of Washington, 69
" Orchard, Culture of, 273
" Ploughing Among the

Roots of, 179
" Shade, of Washington,.37

I Trees, Slllliiig Bark of. 117, IT.s
I " Sn.cllie Heul of, 117
" What Alls llie, 294

Troiiieoliiuis, Hyliriil,5

Tropical l''ruiis, 49
I '' Plants, Light for, 88

True Gumbo, 336
I Tuberose.t, American, 38

Tuberose, The, 4
! Tuberous Begonias, asBedders,
109
" Rooted Begonias, 2,
I 72

I Tupelo Tree, Root of, 22
I Turnip, Beautiful, 209
I Typographical Errsi^s, 281

u

Upper Sandusky, Ohio, Oak

Hill Cemetery, 69
Utah Currant. li:i

I'iiie Lumber of, 182
Utica, N. v.. Forest Grove

I'enietery, l.")3
Utilizing the Pine Tree, 212

Vagaries of the Peach, 337
Value of a Horticultural Pa-
per, 28
" of Cherry Timber, 149
" of Fast-growing Tim-
ber, 148
Variation in Cul^leaved Birch,
230
Variegated Coboea scandens,
140, 233
" Pelargonium, 174

Varieties, New, by ( ;rafting.l84
" of Carnations, 363

" of Catalpa, 312
" of Primula, 103

Various Species of Fieus, 358
Vegetable Plants, 94
Vegetables, Drying, 14G
Vegetation Round Constanti-
nople, 283
" Secular Change,l 83

Vegetation and Reproductive

Forces, 152
Veitch, James & Sons' Cata-
logue, 61
Venus' Fly Trap, 332

" Looking Glass, 103
Verbena, Cultivation of, 105
" Lemon, 293
" venosa, ;i57
Verbenas, Seedling, 140
Vick's Illustrated Catalogue,94
" " Monthly Ma-

gazine, 62
Victoria Lily, 331
Vine, Cinnamon, 89

" Disease from America,14
Vineries, Growing Grapes, 208
Vines, 131

" American in France, 112
" for a Bay Window, 107
" Window Hoods for, 325
Virginia, Eucalyptus in, 147
Virginian, Jasmine, 251
Vitality of Seeds, 245
Volume, Our Last, 28

w

Wages of Insects, 22
Walks, Asphalting, 294
Wallflowers, 233

" Chameleon, 233

Washington, From Oregon, 187
" Shade Trees of,69

[December ^

Wu-lilnglon Tea Plants at, 210

In-fN of, f.'j
Wall-ling Flower beds, 2.VJ
Miiall Plants, 1.19
Stiawlierries, 240
WaterLlly,Nuiive.( iiltureof,5
Waters of l)i-alh in Purliuglo-

nia, :il4
Weather in New York, 52
Wcathursfieid Elm, 342
Weed; What Is a, 344
Weeping Blood-leaved Beoch,4
West, Pears in the, :ill

" Plant Cullure in the, 43
" Catalpa Planting in, 3iiri
Whalenbergia tuberosa, 19H
What Ails the Trees, 294
" is a I'ruit, 87
" is a (iarden, 194
Wheat and Chess Again, 344

" Hybridizing, 373

Wheelbarrow, a Lady's, 193
White Lilium auratum, 262
" Lobelias, 327
" Wisiarias, 263
Whortleberries, Cultivating,
207
Wild Cherry Leaf, Gall on, 186
" Flowers, Roval Love for,
347
'•■ Garden, Robinscn's, 124
Wilder, Marshall P., 63
" " Address ol,

30, 64, 95, 125
" Peach, 339
Willow Bark, 84
Oak, 113
" Oak, Northern Range

of, 148
" Weeping, History of,
119
" New England, 154
Window, Bay, Vines for, 107
" Boxes and Jardinie-
res, 205
" Cabinets, Coal 0 i 1

Lamps for, 107
" Culture, Foliage

Plants for, 170
" tiarden, Drew's, 124
" Hood for Ornamen-
tal Vines, 325
Wine, California, 48
Winter Apples, 310

" Carpet Bedding, 102
" Decorations, 43
" Decorative Plants, 74
" Greeneries at Home,348
" Hardiness, Influence of

Summer on, 338
" Heliotrope, 102
Wisconsin State Hort. Soc.,224
Wistaria sinensis, Fruiting of,
215
" " Seeding of,

184
Wistarias, White, 263
Wood, Catalpa, 146
" Lemon, 19
" of Cerasus serotina, 114
" Shitlim, 29, 63
" Tiles, Artificial, 330
Woods, Birnam, 149
Worcester Co., Mass., Horti-
cultural Society, 94
Worm on the Juniper, 70

Yellow and Black Locust, 149,
210,211,

" Cottonwood, 241

" Pine, 84
Yellows, Laws Against the, 24
Yucca Batata, 246

Edited by Thomas Meehan.

Vol. XX. ^ No. 230.

(Combined Magazines, Thirty-third Year.)

FEBRUARY, 1S7S.

PUBLISHED BY CHARLES H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.
TER9IS-3.10 PEK YE\R-POST.4GE PAID.

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The Gardener's Monthly

AND HORTICULTURIST.

EDITED BY THOMAS MEEHAN,

AsiKietcd by an ubie Corps of AMKRICAN and FORKIGN COURKSPONDENTS.

It is piiblislifd on the first of every month, at the ollice, Xo. 814 CHESTNUT STREP:T.
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CHAS. H. MAROT, Publisher, 814 Chestnut St., Philadelphia.

CONTENTS OF THE FEBRUARY NUMBER.

SEASONABLE HINTS :

Flower Garden and Pleasure Grounds.

Greenhouse and House Gardening

Fruit and Vegetable Gardening

CORRESPONDENCE :

How Bedding Plants may be arranged

Alpine Plants

Lawns

The Dioscorea Batatas— or Chinese Potato.

Cool House Orchideae

Disease in Mafechal Niel Rose

Sizes of English Flower Pots

HotM'ater for mealy Bug

The Mealy Bug ,.. ^

Alcohol for Mealy Bug

Astrapsea Wallichii

Grape Chat

American Forestry

Scarcity of Dogwood

Abies or Picea ; which is it?

The Ferns of North America

Protection to Novelties

Kansas State Horticultural Society

EDITORIAL NOTES:

33-34

39

34

34-3.5

35-3T

31

39-40

41

* 41

41

41

41

41

4T

50

50

51-52

53-54

.54-.'55

63-64

The Shade Trees of Washington— Roses on the
Manetti Stock— The English Primrose— American

Tujj.eroses

fid I Culture — Cultivating Old Plants —
It Culture in the West— Beautiful Australian
Plants— Double Chinese Primi-oses— Winter Decor-
ations

Orchards in Grass- California Wine— Pride of the
Hudson Rasdperrj— The Fig in Ohio— Tea Plants
in California— The Beauty of the Philadelphia Pear
Tree— Phylloxera and Grape Rot— Best Apples for
Mississippi— Grape Disease and Phylloxera— Trop-
Scal Fruits- Testing Old Seeds

Forest Commissioners to Europe — Cataipa Timber
— Natural Transplanting — Forestry of Ohio — Cam-
bridge (Ma8s.)Botanical Garden and Arboretum

Cracking of the Pear _.

European Notes by the Editor — No. 6. — A Bogus
Agent— Catalogues of Jas. Viotch and ifc Sons, Chel-
sea, London — Tree.s for Public Work — Sylviculture
— The Science Obsen-er- The American Naturalist
— The Game of Botany— Acknowledgements— The
Illustrated Annual of Rural Affairs— The .American
Bookseller— Vick's Illustrated Monthly Magazine —
H. E. Chitty— Dr. C. C. Parry— Col. M. P. Wilder-
Mr. Briggs, of Marysville— Thomas J. Mackenzie—

Dr. J. P. Kirtland

Address of M. P. Wilder (continued)

NEW OR RARE PLANTS:

Rheum nobile,. Hooker— Philodeudron amurcnse
— Hibicus (rosa sinensis albo variecata — H. (rosa
sinensis) carminata perfecta— H. (rosa Binensis)

miniata semi-plena— New Escholtzias

Dwarf Crested Papanese Cockscomb — President
Degraw Carnation — Coleus pictus— Nanz & Neu-
ner's New Double, White, Perpetual Blooming Car-
nation, "Peter Henderson" — Agave Shawii— Sum-
mit of Perfection Geranium

Scribner Spitzenburg Apple— Rescue Pear— Bnraet

Grape

FORESTRY

65-63
64

NATURAL HISTORY AND SCIENCE

LITERATURE. TRAVELS AND PERSONAL NOTES,

42-43

4T-49

HORTICULTURAL SOCIETIES

SCRAPS AND QUERIES:

Scale on the Ivy— Trips on Azaleas— Archbishop

Wood Geranium— Amaryllis and their Culture

The Weather in New York

Floral Decorations— Shittim Wood..

43-44

49-50
!50-51
51-52
53-55
63-64

44-45

L52-53

63

Our wholesale Catalogue, now ready, will be mailed free on application. We make a

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FLOWER AND VEGETABLE

Our name does not appear on these bags, which only show the directions how to grow. Examine

Catalogue :

Prime Lily of the Valley Pips, £or foreing,

LIU it in La nei folium MonHtroHuni Alhtim.

Lilium LancifoliaiH Bubrum a)id Boseimi.
Spirma Japoniea, good elainps,

Amaryllis, in fli^ere/if varieties.
Tuberoses, double,

Cftiinas, Clioiee French Lmported Bulbs,

THE MANUFACTURE OP

CHOICE STRAV/ BASKETS

We shall continue this ensuing year, and request your orders on everything pertaining to Florists'

Supplies. Sole Agents for the United States, of Messrs. Aug. Van Geert, hi Ghent,

and Joseph Schwarz, Rose Grower, in Lyons. Spring Catalogues will

be mailed on applicatijon, free of charge, to the trade.

PRANG'S BUTTERFLIES,

For Cut-flower Designs, true to Nature and of diflferent sizes assorted, ten for 60 cents. 13 cents

extra for postage to out of town buyers when sent by mail. This latest Novelty adds to

the life of a CXU-tlower Design wonderfully, as the Butterflies are of such

unexcelled workmanship that by skillful arrangement

the}' cannot be distinguished from natural.

AUGUST ROLKER $c SONS,

P. 0. Box 899. 44 Dey Street, New York.

.^L^,]0

OUR FOrU SEP]D FARMS, locato<l in widi'ly distinct lociilitics for llie advantajro of varit-d
clijniiti's and soils, c-over l')i»0 acres, owned, occupied, and cultivated by ourselves. Il is believed
the Establisiunent in its ontirety is the largest and most elaborate of its l<ind, not only in
this eountrv l>ut the "NVorlil.

All not already i)urcliasers of LANDRETirs Seeds are invited to make a tiiai of those <.mo\\ii
and prepari'd bv us.

LaniretVs Eural Register and Almanac for 1S7S,

<'<mftiininf/ I'rirr Ijisf, trill he imiiliil f'lci- on a/t/»lh<tfioii.

DAVID LANDRETH & SONS,

inar.i2 Warehouse, Nos, 21 and 23 S. Sixth St,, Philadelphia.

My annual Catalogue of Vogetal)Ic and Flower Seeds for 1S7S,
rich in engravings, will be sent FKEE to all who apply. Cus-
tomers of last season need not write for it. I offer one of the
largest cellections of vegetable seeds ever sent out hy any seed
hoase in America, a large portion of which were grown on my
six seed farms. Printed directions for cultivatinn on each pack-
age. All seed warranted to be both fresh and true to ^^me ; so
far, that should it prove otherwise I will relill the order gratis.
Ne^v "Vegetablen a 8p«'claltj'. As the original introducer
of the Hul)bard Squash, Phinney's Melon, Marblehead Cab-
bages, Mexican C'orn, I offer several new vegetables this
season, and invite the patronage of all wlio are anxious to have,
their need directly /rcrtn the grower, fresh, true, and of the very
bent strain.
decs J.A.MES J. H. GREGORY, Marbltluart, Mass.

^Cj^RETAIL&WI-IOLESALE';

-'^fATALOGUESFF^EE

AMERICAN FLOWER GARDEN DIRECTORY. FINE NURSERY STOCK,

By Robert Buist.
With practical directions for the Culture of Plants in Flower-
Garden, Hot-Hnuse, Green-House, Rooms, or Parlor Windows,
for ever/ month of the year. Instructions for erecting Hot-
house, Greei aouse, and laying out a Flower garden. Instruc-
tion for cultivating, propagating, pruning and training the
Grap'3 vine and description of best sorts for the open air. 342
pages, l'2rao, cloth. Price SI 50. Sent by mail post paid on receipt
of price. CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St. Phila.

The fiiit'st TREES, SHItVltS and PLA\TS of every
variety, grown in the best nurseries here and in Europe,
furnished at reasonable prices. A si'Kcialtv made of sup-
plying Parks, Cemeteuies and Private Estates. All s-tock
RELIABLE and true to name, and every ellort made to have all
business satisfactory. References of the highest character
given if desired. Descriptive Catalogues, with colored plate,
10 cents; to customers without charge. Circulars free.
feb.l2. Address FRED. W. KELSEY, Rochester. N. Y.

THE BELLEVUE NURSERY CO.,

PATERSON, NEW JERSEY,

NOW OFFER

TT'EISBEI^T.^^S - - $3.00 per lOO.
GERANIUMS AND PELARGONIUMS

III JOO Vaiiefhs, ttiul Millions of otltcr I'laiits at it/infllji

LiOiv Prices.

Orders should be addressed to the Company, and not to H. E. Chitty,
who is no longer iu its employ. Catalogues sent on receipt of stamp, jan.3

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

ALL THE NEW PLANTS OF THE SEASON.

^•^^ CATALOGUE &

EVERYTHING

FOR THE

GARDEN

2 Numl)cring 175 pages, with Colored Plate,

SENT FREE

To our customers of past years, and to
all purchasers of our books, either

GARDENING FOR PROFIT,

PRACTICAL FLORICULTURE,

Or GARDENING FOR PLEASURE,
(Price $1.50 each, prepaid, by mail.)
!■ To others, on receipt of 25c.

Plain Plant or Seed Catalogues, without
Plate, free to all.

IPETERHENDERSON&COJ

I Seedsmen, Market Gardeners and Florists, \
35 Cortlandt St., New York.

PLANTS

r OUR

SPECIAL LIST OF PLANTS BULBS &C.FOR

OUR
SPECIAL LIST OF SEEDS ROOTS &C. FOR

MartetGardeRers.

SPECIAL LiSTOF VEGETABLE and FLOWER SEEDS for

SEED DEALERS.

•

Peter HEm)Jb^RSOJ\rd- Co,

J J CortJaniftSt

All the Hew VegetaUe and Flower Seeds.

',11;4 W'Wt.V

Froit and OrnameDtal Trees

SHRUBS, ROSES « PLANTS,

Gentlemen improving their grounds, Orchardists, Landscape Gardeners, Nurserymen and
Dealers in Trees, will find our stock of

FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES,

the largest, and the collection the most extensive and complete in the United States. Full par.
ticulars given in the following Catalogues, which will be sent to our old customers free, to others
who enclose stamps, as below :

1^0. 1.— FRUITS, 60 pages with Colored Plate, 15 Cts.; plain, 10 Cts.

No. 2.-OIINAMENTAL TREES, Shrubs, Evergreens, Roses, Etc., 124

pages, 50 illustrations, and a fine colored plate of Hydrangea panicu-

lata grandiflora, 25 Cts.
No. 3.-GREEN and HOT-HOUSE and BEDDING PLANTS, FREE.
No. 4.-WHOLESALE, FREE.
No. 5.-CATAL0GUE of ROSES with colored plate, 10 Cts., plain FREE.

j^^ <"^ rf"^ "WTfT* ^91^3

ELLWANGER & BARRY,""°^SI^°^/.S^^Ir^^'^^'

THE nORTJCLL TL KAL AD I ER TISER.

The Roses we offer this month are LAST SPRING'S
CUTTINGS— Strong, vigorous Plants, grown in Pots.
They are ready to make rapid growth ar soon as shifted,
and are exactly what FLORISTS and MARKET GAR-
DENERS want to buy for Sprhuj Sahs.

WE SHIP ROSES THE YEAR ROUND, and always guarantee SAFE
CARRIAGE. Theexcellent QUALITY of our Goods and our LIBERAL
and SATISFACTORY way of DOING BUSINESS are fast convincing
the TRADE that it PAYS better to BUY ROSES of US than to GROW
THEM, PARTICULARLY where HOUSE ROOM IS SCARCE, and
GLASS needed for OTHER PURPOSES.

Paving found by experience that Roses af the size usually groivn in S-in. pots give best satisfac-
tion to Florists, we confine ourselves to this size only, and offer no other. Our plants being grown in
ordinary soil without manure, are sure to start vigorously and require no pettiny. Having an afmn-
dance of strong icorking Roots, they can be shaken out for packing with entire safety. Our Roses
now ready for the Spring Trade, are EXTRA STRONG and PERFECTLY HEALTHY, they
cannot fail to give more than icsual satisfaction to purchasers. Our assortment is full and unbroken,
and includes the

^ .-. i FINEST SORTS FOR FLORISTS' USE. '"^*^

It is reasonabU' we should EXCEL IN ROSES, because we devote EXCLUSIVE ATTEN-
TION TO ROSES ONLY— running,' FORTY HOUSES ON ROSES ALONE. It follows that

WE CAN OFFER Pi KCHASERti UNUSUAL INDUCEMENTS. We aim to groW the MOST DESIRABLE

SORTS in such large quantities, that we can generally give Florists their choice of

VARIETIES AT PRICES NAMED.

$1.00 per 100; $60.00 per WOO.
$7.40 per 100: $68.00 per 1000.

We Pack Light, Without Charge, and GUARANTEE Safe Carriage.

0C7"Terms: — Cash with the. order. Remit by Bank Draft, Postal Order on WestGroveP. 0.^
Pa., or by Registered Letter.

Send for Descriptive Price List, free. Address,

THE DIHGEE & COHAUD CO.,

WEST GROVE, CHESTER CO., PA.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

[ES=3T?.A.:BIjISI3:EXD 18-t4.]

l^~

.if

HITCHINGS & CO.,

No. 233 Mercer Street,

Between Bleecker and West 3d Streets,

NEW YORK.

OfFer their very Large Stock of

Ireei-Honse Heatii Apparatis,

At prices lower than at any time
within the past thirty years.

tt z4^

Patent Corrugated Fire Box Boilers, ^
Conical Boilers,

Saddle Boilers and
Base Burning Water Heaters;

Heating Pipes and Pipe Fittings

OF EVERY DESCRIPTION AND SIZE.

SASH-LIFTINOAPPARATUS

OF MOST APPROVED FORMS.

N/\D

OLE Boi

ifn-jorijiii

Sen^ 0 cents postage for Catalogue, References
and List of Prices.

?/_

'^

THl: HOK nCi'l. I'LRAI. A DVliRT ISF.R.

IVI. M. BAYERSDORFER $( CO.,

56 North Fourth Street,

•T

PHILADELPHIA, PA.

We ht'L' to cull the attention of the WIIOLKSALE and RETAIL TRADE in
FLORISTS' GOODS to our well assorted stock for the Fall seas .a:

BOQUET PAPER (Italiens,)

riain White Ecla;e8, Gold apd Silver Edges, Pasted Cartoons, White Satin for Bridal
Bofiviets, Faney Lace Papers for Wedings, Receptions and Parties.

IMMORTELLES,

(Original bunches, selected by one of our firm. ) White
and all colors.

DRIED GRASSES AND FLOWERS,

In great varieties and styles; very suitable for ornamental purposes.

BASKETS,

Brown varnished Willow Baskets. Wheat Straw and While Gilt Baskets.

ORNAMENTAL GRASS BOQUETS,
FRENCH GREEN MOSSES,

TIN FOIL, Best in Market,

WIRE DESIGNS for CUT FLOWERS.

Prize Modal of Ciucinuati Industrial Exposition of 1873 ; Medal and Diploma of International
Exposition of 1877, ^'For bent dixplaij of Boqnet FaperK."

Send orders early in Fall. Illustrated Catalogue furnished gratis on application. t.aug.tf

MAZZABI) CHEBBY STOCKS, '

OSAGE OBANGE

APPLE STOCKS, PEAB STOCKS,

And an immense variety of s(;edlings for planters in Fruit, Evergreen and Ornamental Trees and Shrubs,
by the 10, 100, 1000, or'lO,000. Catalogues on application.

feb.2 MEEHAN'S NURSERY, Cermantown, Pa.

Allen's Planerjr. Hand Seed Drills and Wheel Hoes

are standard machines; thousands in use; have taken the Centennial, Franklin Inntitxite Siinert
Erfurt, GernMnt/, and other medals. .Sold aeparate or combinod ; the combined tool {AiiricvltnriMl
Premimn), is ffreatlv improved for 1878. PRICES much reduced. THE PLANET JR.
IIOR.se hoe, popular in 1877, is perfected for 1878. Wroufrht bolted frame, polished cast
steel teeth, patent clevis, etc. Our catalogue IS FREE. S. L. ALLBN & CO., No. 229 Market
Street, Philadelphia, Pa.

ELEGANT CARDS, no two alike, with name. 10c.; or 15
Comic Photos or Actresses, lOc.; or 20 Fine Scroll Cards,
20 styles no name, 10c. , post-paid.
octl2 J. B. HcsTED, NasHua, N. Y.

Best Raspberries, three inches
round. Pride of the Hudson,
Henrietta, Early Prolific, Re-
liance, Winant, Susqueco, ten
acres yielded $4338. Strawberries, Aspara^'us, Rhubarb and
Frnit Trees. Send for Catalnjrue. nov.5

WILLIAM PARRY, Cinnaminson, N. J.

GRAPE VINES.

Catawbas, Isabellas, Concords, Crotons, Israellas, Brightons,
lonas, Rogers, and

All Sorts at ail Prices.

MERRELL & COLEMAN,
feb.3 Nnrserymen, Genera, N. Y.

25

GRAPE VINES.

Also GRAPE WOOD and CUTTINGS. LARGEST STOCK IN AMERICA.

All leading varieties in large supply. Extra quality. Truetoname. .Special rates to Aeents, Dealers and Nurserymen. Our
list of customers now embraces nearly all the leadiutr nurserymen in the country, to whoniTwe would refer those not acauainted
with our stock. Descriptive CatAlog^e and Price LlWt Free. T. S. HUBBARD, Fredonla, N. Y. aug.lo

THE HORnCUZTURAL ADVERTISER.

3iT IE TTsT

DOUBLE GERANIUni

JEANNIE REID.

Havincr raised and inti'oduced many new Geraniums, among others I may mention " Bishop
Wood," "Beauty of Kingsess," " Wm. K. Harris," and others which still retain their popularity.
I oft'er with the greatest confidence another of those gems, "Jeannie Reid;" flowers bright, fiery
scarlet, borne well above the foliage in the greatest profusion ; of remarkable dwarf habit and
very small foliage. Price, $1 each, 9 per doz.

The following are new, of last year's importations and home ;
production ; they are first class. Price, $4. per doz., $20 per 100. ■
Admiration, Annie Montel, Augusta, Villaume, Bishop Wood, \
Chameleon, Henry Bearer, Madame Revore, Madame Thibaut,
Victor Hugo, Noemie. Venus, Madeline, W. Fancourt; also a
large collection of the best bedding and market varieties at $8
per 100.

Geranium, Happy Thought, $2 per doz., $15 per 100.

Double Ivy-Leaf Geranium, King Albert, $2 per do/., $10
per 100.

Double Sweet Alyssnm, $6 per 100.

l)oublc Petunias, $7 per 100.

.\lternanihas, .'14 per 100.

Argeratums, $5 per 100.

t'aladiiims, 12 named varieties, large bulbs, $3 per doz.

Carnations, $4 per 100.

Chrysanthemums, $5 per 100.

Coleus, best varieties, $5 per 100,

Ceutaurea tiandida. $7 per loO.

Gymnocarpa, $6 per 100.

Dianthus Alba Montiflora, new, $10 per 100,

Dianthus Qiierteri, $6 per 100.

Fuchsias, $6 per 100.

Funkia, the White Day Lilv, $3 per doz.

Heliotropes, $.5 per 100.

Lantanas, $G per 100.

Plumbago Capensis, $6 per 100.

Stenotaphrum, Globerum variety, new, $2 per doz,

Verbenas, $3 per 100.

Violets, Maria Louisa, $4 per 100.

i\M

The abovt! quotation is for the months of February and March only. 6 plants of one kind or class at dozen rates
2.*) plants at 100 rates. No order shipped from this list for a less amount than $.5. For smaller amounts and greater varieties
see Catalogue, mailed to all on application. Terms, cash with the order.

feb,12.

Respectfully WM. K. HARRIS,

Proprietoe of the KI:NGSESSING NURSERIES,

5i)01 Darhy Road, Philadelphia,

A. FXJI^IL. stock: of AJIuTL. soi^ts.

.rLAWNS.HEDGES^ .
Screens /Wikid Bbea ks .

Norway Spruce, fine, 15 to 18
inches, . . . $40 00

Norway Spruce, fine, 20 to 30
inches, . . . 60 00

Norway Spiuce, fine, 3 to 4 ft., 80 00

Norway Spruce, fine, 2 to 3 ft.,
sheared, . . .100 00

Norway iS'purce, fine, 3 to 4 ft.,

FHICE LIST FIIEE.

Per 1000 Per lOOO

Arbor Vitse, American, 9 to 12

inches, . . . $20 00

Arbor Vitfe, American, 12 to 15

inches, . . .30 OO

Arbor Vitse. American, 18 to 24

inches, . . . 50 00

Arbor Vitae, American, 2 to 3

feet, . . . 80 00

sheared, . . . 160 00, Arbor Vitae, Pyramidalis, 10 to

Norway Spruce, fine, 4 to 5 ft., 12 inches, . . . 100 00

sheared, . . • 200 00 Arbor Vit*, Pyramidalis, 12 to

Arbor Vitsp, American, 6 to 9 15 inches, . . . 120 00

inches,

$150 00

200 00

300 00

15 00

Arbor Vita?, Pyramidalis, 18 to 20 inclu's. .
" ■ " 2 to 1}^ feet,

3 feet.

The Pvramidalis is hardy as an oak, erect as a juniper.
Scotch and Austrian Pine, 3 feet, . . .100 00

Hemlock Spruce, ti'ained trees, 3 feet, . . . 1.^0 00

Hemlock Spruce, trained trees, 4 to 5 feet.

Balsam Fir, 2 to 2>^ feet, . . . .

" 3 feet, . . . . .

" 4 feet, . . . . .

Over sixty varieties of evergreens, one of the finest
stocks in America.

. $20') 00

. 120 00

. \m 00

. 200 00

Kilmarnock Weeping Willows, fine, 1 year,

" ^' "2 "

Linden, American, extra nice, 6 to 8 feet,
" " 8 to 10 feet,

Silver Maple, " 6 to 9 feet.

Magnolia Acuminata, 2 to 3 feet,

FPITJIT
Dwarf Pears, first class, 3 to 4 feet.

" second size, 'iy, to 3>.j feet.

Standard Pear, 4 to 5>j feet,

" 5 to 6]4 feet, heavy,

Sweet Cherries, 5 to 7 feet, first class.
Wild Goose Plum, 4 to 5 feet,
" 5 to 6 feet.

IDECIDXJOTJS TI^EES.

$1.50 00
200 00
150 00
200 00
100 00
30 00

Magnolia Acuminata, 3 to 4 feet, . . . $50 0

" 4 to .'. feet, . . . 80 00

White Ash, splendid trees, 4to 5feet, twice trausplanted, 50 00

Horse Chestnut, 5 to 6 feet, . . . . 150 00

" 6 to 7 feet, . . . . 200 00

TI^EES, ■VIlSrES, <5cC

. $100 no Concord Grape Vines, strong, 2 years,

. 70 00 Martha *' " 2 "

lona. " '• 2 "

Black Naples Currants, " 1 "

2 "
White Grape Currants, 2 years.

120 00
200 00
100 00
100 00
120 00

Magniilia Acuminata, 1 to 2 feet,
Acer Negundo, box elder, 1 year,
Norway Spruce, 2 years, 3 to 4 inchr
Horse Chestnuts, 1 year.
Sweet Chestnnt, 6 to 10 indips.

SEErjLiisrG-s, Sea.

. $20 00 Sweet Chestnut, 12 to 16

3 00 " 18 to 24 "

5 00 White Mulberry, 8 to 10 inches,
2ti 00 " 12 to 18 "

. «) 00

$25 OO
80 00
50 00
15 00
25 00
30 00

$8 00
20 00
10 00
20 00

A Complete Assortment of Nursery Stock.

STORRS, HARRISON & CO.,

I'ain^'sriffe, Lahe Co.., Ohio,

////•; //cM' /•/( C L Ti RA L A D \ F.R 1 ISER

ANDRE LEROY'S

NURSERIES!

ANGERS, FRANCE.

The largest and richest of Europe in

FlUIT,

\mM d \w^%\ \\\\ it Us,

CAMELLIAS, ROSES,

FRUIT TREE STOCKS, &c., &c.

Large culture of Vegetables and Field Seeds,
Bulbs, Flowers, &c.

C. RAOUX, Agent,
8eptl2 76 Park Place, New York.

BACK VOLUMES

OF THE

Gardener's Monthly

Can still be liad iw iiuuibere, per year - - -
Bound in ncHt cloth casee, including numbers, -

" " Roau " " - -

Delivered postage free.

Or mail us your own numbers, and 'have them t>ound in cloth
cases for 90 cents. Returned to you bonnrt postage free.
Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT,
814 Chestnut Street,

PHILADELPHIA.

$2 II)

- ?,m

3 15

A THX'K KAItSrKR'S I'Al'KH.

SCIENTIFIC FARMER

BOSTON. MASS.,

Devoted to the Interests of Profitable A<iririiltiire.
Its departments include Chemistry, Botany and Horti-

CULTTRE, DaIBY ANU StOCK, VETERINARY, KnTOMOLOGICAL,

The Field, Conf"Erenc:e Corner and Miscellaneous — on
rarm Practice, Rural Architecture, The Farmer in Politics,
etc. — all being conducted on that idea of correctness which is
to advance the farm profit and lift Agriculture to a higher social
position.

Ciretilntes in every State and Tcrritikry.
Subscription price (mly $1.(K) jier year. Send 8t4»mp for sam-
ple copy and circular of iipeeial Premivrnx and indiuenwnfn for
Clnbs. IIOV4

LONDON GARDENER'S CHRONICLE

Will be furnished, post-paid, direct to suliscribers iu the I'. S.

for $7.50 per year. Apply to

novtf CHAS. H. MAKOT, Agent, S14 CheMnxn St., Phila.

Landscape Gardeners,

SMITH Sl butler,
Newport, Rhode Island.

I'laim and csliniatcs given lor any part ul (he (-«iunlr>.
novl'/

S0,000 UOUBIjIS TVItEKOSKS tttLHS.

do/. 100 KHXt.
First Oiiality Large Flowering Bulbs, | ".'> $4 IW $25 0<i
Second (Quality Fl«)wcring Bulbs. ftO a ()« \T, (mi

A few hundred EXTFtA Large Bulbs, 1 (»0 6 00
Dwart Peari, 1st quality Flowering" 1 Oil 8 00

If sent by Mail, 'if> cents per dozun, Rxtua.

The pajil xeanoii hnriiiQ been tnnHt farrrrable for the ijrnioth of
litilbM, we can mtpjdy the largeM and bent BultiH ever Kent mit/rimi
iiur eMtnhlinhment.
MI \LER .t- UA I'KS, 5774 (MrmantoiPii A ve., Phila. novtt

AVER & SON'S mtm,Bi

A complete ruicIh to «(iv«rti.s<<r8. JNVtr ttntrjt JurrniiK-
Anecessity toiill whcmdvertiso. loninvtllr (ommerr ttl
—The moHt comijlete and reliable work of the kind.
I'iilshurn Gazrttr. — Sent I'rec to idl who advert ;>».

iWinASON MgEN'TS, I PHILADKLPHIA
iiet our KNtiinnte before raaking; any »dverti«int
I'ontracts. Our bunine-s.s is large. FacilitieM unanr-
paased. Prices the lowegt. Tenus the bettt

THE AMERICAN

steamship Company of Philadelphia. Philadelphia A Liverpool
Line. The only Trans-Atlantic line sailing under the Ameri-
can Flan. Sailing every Thurs<lay from Philadelphia, and
Wednesday from Liverpool.

The Red Star Une,

Carrying the Belgian and United States Mails. Sailing every
t-welve days, alternately from Philadelphia and New York.
Direct and onlv

Ta ANTWERP.

The American and Red Star Lines being under one manogr-
nient, Excursion tickets are good to return by either, thus sav-
ing the expense and annoyance of re-cros.'^ine the Channel.

For rates of passage and general information apply to
apltt I'KTKlt WMIOHT A SOXS, J'hi'l, Oen'l Afftn.

INTERITATIOITAL EXHIBITIOIT

phtlad:elj'hia, isva.

JUDGES' REPORT. February 10, 1S77.

John Dick's Patent Boiler for Heating
Greenhouses.— A prize Medal was awarded for its
ada])laliility for the consumption of Wood. Coal or
Coke, and its cheap and its economic arrangement
for the purpose specified.

W. D. Breckenridge. Judge.
Approved by the Group of Judges.— Gko. 'i hiiibeb, VV. Saun-
ders, F. Pentland.

Economy, .simplicity and Durability. Testimonials from
those whouse it. Mv trade Catalogue of I'biiits is now ready
and will be forwarded free.

JOHN DICK, Florist,

nov6 ."i.td &. Darhy Road, Phila.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

60.000 of the Finest and Larjo^est Double Tuberose Bulbs
in the market can be furnished at the following very lo^*-
rates if ordered at once : Doz. 100 lOOO

First Quality Large Powering Bulbs, 75c. $S.50

Second " u .. 50 2 50

Few Hundred Extra L^irge BuHis, $1.00 4.50

Dwarf Pearl, first quality, 1.00 7.00

Larger qualities at special wholesale rates to the trade,
alogues freeou application. PAUL BUTZ <fc SON,

feb 2 "Croton Floral Gardeas," New Castle, Penn

lEe. iL."5r2sr

$20.00

15.00

Cat-

Wish to hear about the Monitor Seed Sower ? Radically differ-
ent from all others, and every way superior to any other.
'Tested by five years' use in Massachusetts, and heartily endorsed
'by all who have it. Address for circular, MERRIMAC MA-
CHINE CO., Box B, Newbnryport, Mass.

Rear of 428 Walnut Street, Philadelphia.

Manufacture of PLAIN and FANCY WIRE-WORK, for FLO-
RISTS ; Wreaths Crosses, Stars, Crowns, Hearts, Anchors,
Birds, Lambs. Gipsy Baskets, Hanging Baskets, Flower Stands,
&c.. latest designs.

The NOVELTY BUTTERFLY', for Cut-Flower Designs, is a
great attraction. Assorted sizes and colors, 60 cents for 10.

8 In 9 ID. 10 In. 12 In

Wire Hanging Baskets, painted, 1.00 1.2ft 1.50 2.00 per doz.
" galvanized, 1.25 1..50 1.75 2 .-sn "
SEND FOR PRICE UST. t-feb-tf

Boule de Neige (white). La Purife (red), the two best kind.s
for flori.-^ts, ready for delivery from cutting bench, from March
Ist to May 15th, at $3.00 per 100, free by mail. Social rates by
the 1000. Address G. R. WATERMAN, Ag't, Andover, Mas.s.

feb 3

FINE SPECIMEN EVERGREEN,

And Other Ornamental Trees.

In many cases people do not want to wait year.s for .small trees to grow, and yet people who
buy ordinary trees know the ri.sk they run, not only of having trees to grow rapidly, but of getting
large trees even to live.

A specialty of our business is to have some of our trees and shrubs

FREQUENTLY REMOVED,

.so that there is comparative safety in transplanting even when many feet high. A great a.<^sort-
■ment of this class is offered at

feb-3

tut: GERMANTOWJSNUJtSElUES, PHILADELPHIA,

THOI^vdl-A-S ^vi:EE]H-A_iT, lE^oprietor-

GREENHOUSES, GRAPERIES, Etc.

Their Construction a Specialty. Experience of 20 Years.

'SHIPPED TO ALL PARTS OF THE COUNTRY. ^ send f<.r catalogue. Ad(Uo.s.

LORD'S HORTICULTURAL WORKS,

-Junei'i ' Irvington-on-Hudson, New York.

rjn: Hi )A' //( Y / ri kal Aovnk user.

^jnaoLi^

IT'^'T''

^vwv.Vv

rr

-^'/pW^

EACH NTMBKR will rontjiin 32 I'.MiEs of niidin};, mnnv fine Wood Cut Illustrationp, and one ('oix)n>:i) Platk. It in a
lieantiful «.ar<ki) .Mueazine, printed on elegant papor, and full of intormation about the cultur*; of Flowers and V««ctablee. I'nb-
liHhed 111 Knglith and Oirnuui. Price, $1.25 a year ; FIvr idpies, $5.00.

^^

^-^.--^-^•"■ka^jwj,

E FLOWER WeGETABLI

/^e

£i-:\iii)ai;^

i!S„Tn beautiful work of the kind In the world. It contains SIXTY PAGES-.SOO Illngtrafions, with Descriptions of Tliou-

nearly 1 .0 pagee. Hundreds of nne Illustrations, and Hix Chronw sandH ot the beef Flowers and Vegetables in tbe world, and the

Platei<, beHunlully drawii and colored from nature. Price, .'X) way to qrow them. This is a Hanu-Book and Gumie to the

cent* in paper covers; $100 in eleeant cloth. A wonderful (iardcn'er and Florist, mid it will be sent free to all who enclose

coiniiination of beauty and utility. Printed in both German the postage, a Two Cent Stami-. Printod in German and

and tnghsh. Entrlish.

'" ' Address. JAMES VICK, Rochester, N. Y.

Everblooming Roses.

We ofter for the coming Spring the

THE FINEST STOCK OF EVERBLOOMING ROSES IN

THE COUNTRY,

These are Remathnhlfj Thrifty, and Just suited for piling JPlorist/s
orders, or for bedding j^^tt'POses.

Leading varieties: Le Pactole. Cels, Bon Silene, Le Nankin, Mile. Rachel, S.afrano. Mme..
Mari^ottin. Mme. Falcot, Saiiijuinea, Adain, Mme. Damaizin, Bougere, Sir AValter Scott. Gen. de-
Tartas. Climbing Devoniensis. Duchesse de Brabant, &c., &c., &c.

Prices Exceedingly Low by the 10, 100 or 1000.

HOOPES, BRO. & THOMAS,'

t f ^>

Cherry Hill Nurseries,
IVfJST CHESTEIi, PA

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

9

Alnncn;^ Alhiflnr;:! Plants Genuine! Packed Free!!

/llUlldUCl lllUlllv/l C4l Brandywine (Snsqueco) Raepberriee and Wilson's Early Black-

CSee Gabdknebs Monthly for January, under the head of
Kew anO Rare Plants, page 11.)

1 Brandywine (Snsqueco) Raepberriee and Wilson's Early Black
I berries from stock that pnxiuced the Centennial prize berries ,
' $1 S() per 100, $12 per lOOO ; Kittatiuy and Lawton ^S per 1000 ;
Strawberries, Great American, $1 per 10, $5 per 100, $40 per 1000;
Duchesse, Prouty, $10 per IDOO; Capt. Jack, Cumberland, Tri-
umph, Jucnnda, Sterling. $5; Boyden, No. 30, Triomphe de
Gand, Dnncan, $4 ; Col. Cheeny, Agriculturist, Champion, $3 ;
"of West, Star of West, Chas. Downin", Ken-

Order now of

Albany, Monarch
tucky, Qreen, Prolific, $'i.

^r T. JOHN S. COLLINS.

novtf JUooreiitown, A'. J.

Free by mail on receipt of price.

Bep9

EDWIN LONSDALE, Florist,

CrermautoMrn, Philad'a, Pa.

GRAND TRIUMPH IN HORTICULTURE.

The crowning result of Eightee7i Years of care and toil—
FELTON'S NEW BERRIES.

The Cinderella a.Dd Continental STRAWBERRIES and Early
Prolific and Reliatux RASPBERRIES are now offered to the
Public; Tested Nine years, and in our judgment the Four Best
Paying Market Gerries. C;atalogue and Price List Free.

GIBSON & BENNETT, Nurserymen and Fruit Growers,
f eb 2 . ■ . ,!.•;. Woodbury, y. J.

25

l7uqaestiona1)Iy tlie Ijest snstained work of tlie
kind 111 the World."

i 1!

HARPER'S MAGAZINE,

IL.X.XJSTPI.A.TEID.

Notices of the Pre.s.i.

The veteran Mctgazine, which long ago outgrew its original
title of the Aeu' Monthly Magazine, has not in the least abated
the popularity it won at the outset, hut has added to it in
many wavs, and has kept fairly abreast of the times, thanks to
the enterprise of the publishers and the tact and wisdom of its
editors. For whatever is best and most readable in the litera-
ture of travel, discovery, and fiction, the average reader of
to-day looks to Harper's Magazine, just as expectantly as did
the reader of a quarter of a" century ago; there is the same
admirable variety of contents and the same freshness and
sugL'estiveness in its editorial departments now as then. —
BoKton Journal.

TERMS:

Postage free to all Siiliscriljers Jn the X'nited States.

Harper's Magazine, one year.

$4 00

.$4 00 includes prepayment el U. S. postage by the pub-
lishers.

Subscriptions to Harper's Magazine, "Weeklj- and

Bazar, to one address for one year, $10 00 ; or, two of Harper's
Periodicals, to one addrc'ss for "one year, $7 00; postage free.

An extra copy of either the Magazine, Weekly, or Bazar
will be supplied gratis for eveiy club of Fire Huhxcribers at
%A: 00 each, paid for by one remittance; or, Six Copies one
year, without extra copy, tor $-20 00.

Buck numbers can be supplied at any time.

The volumes of the Magazine commence with the numbers
trtr .Tune and December of each year. When no tim(? is speci-
fied, it will be understood that the subscriber wishes to begin
with the current number.

A complete .ret of Harper's Magazine, now complising
.^') Vwlumes, in neat cloth binding, will be sent by express,
freight at expense of purchaser, for $2 2.5 per volume. Single
volumes, by mail, postpaid, $3 00. Cloth cases, for binding,
68 cents, by mail, postpaid.

A complete Analytical Index to the first Fifty Volumes ef
Harper's Magazine has been published, rendering available
for nilerence the vast and varied wealth of information which
constitutes this periodical a perfect illustrated literary cyclo-
pedia. 8 vo, Cloth, $3 00; Half Calf, $.5 25. Sent postage
prepaid.

Subscriptions received for Harper's Periodicais only.

Xetrspapers are not to copy tliif> advertisement iritfimit the ex-
prens order of Harper &. Brothers.

Address HARPER & BROTHERS, New York.

500,000 Apple Stocks.

Lowest rates. Send for price li.st. Miami County Nursery,.
Louisburg, Kansas, E. F. Cadwalladeb, Proprietor. nov4

FASHIONABLE CARDS no two alike, with
name, 10c. 20 Scroll, with name, 10c.,po8t paid, .\gent8
outfit 10 c. ■ .,. ..^

novl2 GEO. I. REED & CO., Nasssua, N. Y.

FRENCH STOCKS.

L. PAILLET,

_„IJRSEBYMAM,

At Chatenay, near Paris,

EST-A-BLISI3:E33 18S7'-

I Begs to inform his customers that he offers for this season an^
[ immense lot of fine

FRUIT TREE STOCKS,

of every description and choice, such as Pears,Cjuinces,5Iahaleb.
Plumbs, common Cherries Doucin, Paradise Apple stocks,,
also a large quantity of

I Ornamental Trees, Shrubs and Evergreen-
Stocks,

All at very low prices and an immense lot of

ROSES,

of Everv size and description. Standards. Half-Stand-
ards, Dwarfs, and on their own roots, and a large quantity S.
Maluiai><on, La France, and Bengales assorted; also,
New Roses of tUis season. Gladiolns in large quantities.
Magnolia soulangeana, Yewtan, Speciosa, cordata,.
macropliylla and others. Magnolia teniie,— a large
quantity of this fine Magnolia is disposable (the true variety
from graft). Magnolia oxoniensis and double Nai»tals
(two fine double flowering varieties). Also, Magnolia la
Galissoniereand grandiflora. Tree and Sinei»sis P«-o-
nles, the best selection in Europe, Clematis, 50 va-
rieties, ul*o Clematis from seed cropped of best varie-
ties, at cheap prices. Petnla alba foliis purpnreis,.
disposable by large quantities.

NEW VIOLAS.

V. 1JEL.L.E DE CHATENAY. The new double white
Viola, awarded the first class cortificate by the Horticultural
Society of Fiance, h. Paillet has offered this maenificant \ tola,
for the first time in last Spring; th<.! flowers are of pure wliito,
most delicately perfumed and of immense size and very double-
Price.— Yountr plants, £6 per IW) ; strontr plants, £S per 100.

v. ODORATA,with rose flower (quite new), flower very
abundantly, flowers of fine rose color. Price.— i2 per doz., .£12-
per 100. " .....

V. the CZAR, with white flower. This variety is qui e-
alike to the well known vairiety with blue flower; it differs only
by the color. The white Czar is a very large flower, blooms
very freely, has fine la'rge foliage on very long stem, and nicely-
perfumed, and is of the purest white color. Price,— ioung
plants. X2 per 100 ; strong plants, £4 per 100.
^ X. B.— For other varieties of VIOI..*. and others, see lisli
and prices of Catalogue and lists sent on application.

The best care and atteution is given to the packing.

Orders may be sent to L.. Paillet direct, or to his agents
Dingelstedt\fc Co., ;»7 William St., New \ork. De-
posits of money or values may be sent direct to L. Paillet, or
to his agents, where catalogues and lists caji be had. taeci

10

'/•///•. HOR If CI I. I L 'RA I. . / /> / 7- A' IISER

VERBENAS!

Splenillil plrtnlc, (rcf from rtift or iiiiUicw,
In Wdinlliict iihiiuhI vurictii!^,
'\\w SHfiu- unimiiu'd, ....

<'ttrmiti(»U!< — I.a I'lirito, KdwanlMi, I'les
<lrii\v, var. La I'uriti-, a>^ polp

ptT UHI. 11. T ItXK)

% .VI iss 00

le

i .V)

SaropleH cent ' y iiiuil freu to tlinso who wish to B«e them

SKED, PADDOCK & CO.,

xepi

(ItvrlHud, O.

'ilrap

ibi'rries » iiu-he8 roan*'., the beet in tht- U. S., all very low.
for lirculMr. T. H. MINEK, Linden, Union Co., N.J.

Send
feb.3

E.I. HL.\CK, Bremen. Fairflclv. Co., Ohio, continnes to
, oend, by miiil or exjiress, C'ious from hiH large collection
-of Frimts in Beahino; srnaranteeing correctness and safe
arrival. New and Hark Fnt'iTS a SPECiAtxT. Catalogue on
application. jan)!

TO FLORISTS.

C'.\KN.\T1()NS in larce quantitie.s, now ready to cut with
Rose buds', Bouvardia and Smilax. Plants of Edwardsii, I)e
•liraw and La Purite, at $3.^.00 perthouHnnd. tor Spring delivery.

THOS. F.SEAL,

jan.S I'uionrillr, Chrster. County, Pa

•^ A Reponltoi-}- of Fashion, Pleasure, and Inatmc-
tlon."

HARPER'S BAZAR.

yotieen of the Presn.

Tlio Bazar is the organ of the fashionable world, and the ex-
3)ounder of that world's laws; and it i» tlif authority in all
matters of manners, etiquette, costume, and social habits. —
JSoxtnn Tranellf-r.

The liazar commends Itself to every member of the house-
hold—to the children hy droll and pretty pictures, to the young
ladies by its fashion-plates in endless variety, to the provident
matron by its patterns forthechlldrens clothes, to;)(j(/^r/amj7ja«
•by its tasteful designs for embroidered slippers and liixnrious
•dressing-eowns. iSut the reading-matter of the liazar is uni-
tformly of great excellence. The paper hss acquired a wide
•popolnrity tor the fireside enjoyment it affords, and has become
-on established authority with the ladies of .\merica.— \. >'.
iKvrniii'j Pimt.

TElI^.3ivd:S

PC ^iriwhorripc If ^^ hite and Black (irapes, new, never
"' OlIdBUCIiiCi, flli;, eqHHled, sell at 60 cts. per lb. Straw-

miwmm

PoHtil^t■ free to all Subscrlhers tn the Vnted StateH.

Harper's Itazar, one year.

$4 00

$4 00 includes i)repnyment of U. S. postage by the publishers.
Subscriptions to Ma§;azlne, Weekly and Itazar, to one

address for one year, $10 OO; or, two of Harper's periodicals,
"to one addres's for one year, |7 (lO : postat:e free.

An extra copy of either the 9Iagazlne. Weekly or Kazar
will be Hupiihed gratis for every club if Five Suburnhers at
•■■$4 00 I ach, paid for ^hy (me remittance ; or, Six Copies one
■year, without extra copy, for $-^0 00.

Back Numt)er8 can b^ supplied at any time.

The Volumes of the Bazar commence with the year. When
no time is mentioned it will be understood that the subscriber
wishes to commence with the number next after the receipt of
'bis order.

The Annual Volumes of Harper's Bazar, in neat cloth
t)inding, will he sent by express, free of expense, provided the
freight does not exceed one dollar, for f7 (fl each. A Complete
Set, comprising Ten Volumes, sent on receipt of cash at the
rate of $.5 26 per vol., freight at expense of purchaser.

Cloth cases for each volume, suitable for binding, will be
sent by mail, postpaid, on receiv»t of $1 00 each.

Indexes to each volume sent gratis on receiiif of stamp.

Subscriptions received for Harper's Periodicals only.

.\fir.tjiape-r'i are itot to enpy thin nrii'ertiiienierit without the
''XprenK ordfi- of H.-si-per ■& iFtrothers.

4ddress HMi^ElJ £: ««f<THKKS, New York.

2,IK)0 Varieties lliire and Beautiful Klutvvr Meeds.
.VMI Varieties Choiee Vej;etable Seeds.
.NHi Varieties Se«'€l Potatoes.

Selectetl Seeds of all the leading and improved varieties ol
Root and Koraj;e Crops for Field Culture, consisting ol
Carrots, Mnn^el -wurzel, and Sugar Beets, Corn, Tur-
nips, Ruta Baf(a, Urass Seeds, etc Fertilizers, Gar-
den "Tools, Small Fruits, FIowerinK Plants, and otlict-
..ef|uisltes for the Farm and Oarden.

A complete descriptive and priced list of the above, with
directions for culture, will be found in the following catalogues
now in press, and will be ready for distrinution Jan.' 1.

A copy will be mailed to applicants on receipt of price afflxed
— regular customers supplied gratis.
Bliss's Illustrated Seed Catalofp«e and Amateur's
i Ouide to the Flo-wer and Kitchen Garden, 'ilti pages,
j price 3.'» Cents.

I Bliss's Illustrated Gardener's Almanac for 1878, and
I Abridged Catalo|;ue. 136 pages, with Monthly Calendar ot
I Operations, 10 Onts.

1 Bliss's Iliustrated I'otato Catalogue contains a list ot
! 800 Varieties, and much useful information upon their cultivn-
; tiori 10 Cents. .\ddresK

! P. O. Box. B. K. BLISS &. SONS,

No. 571*4. 34 Barclay St., New York.

i jan3

Choice Florist Flower Seeds,

BEGONIAS, Tuberous-rooted.

The seed now offered is from flowers all carefully hvbridi/.ed
from the handsome flowered kinds mentioned in "Gabubneii's
Monthly" Page 327 and .H30, 1877. Price per packet M cts.

This seed Is saved from one of the best collections in cultiva-
tion, and is very choice. 15 cts. per packet.

Carefnlly hybridized from the newest and best striped and
blotched varieties In cultivation. 16 cts. per packet. See
notice in "Gardnkb's Monthly" page 327, 1877.

ZONAL GERANIUMS.

Saved from my Choice Colhrtions of Itnpnrted larir-
tifs, all carefully fertilized and cannot fail to bring forth soin-
beautiful imi)roved varieties. 26 cts. per packet.

■*,* One packet of each of the above for *1.00.

DANIEL BARKER,

jan.2 ISTOIIFOLK:, V.A-,

A MANUAL OF VEGETABLE PLANTS.

BY ISAAC r. T1LLINGHA8T.

Containing the experiences of the author in starting all those
kinds of vegetables which are most difficut for a novice tf» pro-
duce from seed; with the best methods known for combatinir
and repelling noxions insects and preveating the diseasis to
which garden vegetables are subject. 102 pages, 16mo. cloth.
Price, *1.00, mailed, post-paid, on receipt of price. Address,

CHARLES H. MAROT,.

jan.l H14 Ciiestnut St., Phlla.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

11

By mall, post paid, (on own roots) 25 cei tn apiece, M.OO
por dozen, $l'2.liO per hundred. Large plants (budded
or on own roots) Djr express at purchjiser's expense oU
cents apieoe. $4.00 per dozen. The inOMt select
collertion in America. Send for Catalogue, with
colored plate, 10c ; plain, free.

ELIWANGER & BARRY, Rochester, N.Y.

VERBENAS.

Fine, Stockv Plants Entirely Free from Rust or Mil-

•dfw. 30 beet named sorts, $3.00 per 100; $25.00 per 1000.
Saraplesi sent free to those desiring to purchase.

TIJBEROSfcS, DOl TBL.E.

First-Class Bulbs $4.00 per 100, $26.00 per 10(K).

C. A. NORDYKE,
fob 1 Riclmioiid, lud.

ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE OF

Mlwestock:

THE AMERICAN

JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY.

THE MICROSCOPE has now become such an imiMirtant as-
.si.stant in Science, Medicine and the Industrial Ans, that no
intelligent person can afford to be without a knowledge of the
best methods of using it, and of the advances made by i*s em-
ployment. THE JOURNAL OP MICROSCOPY ftims to give
this knowledge in simple, but thoroughly accurate and trust-
worthy form. It addresses itself to the Naturalist, the Teach-
er, the Student, the Physician, and the general reader, and it
is so simple, practical and thorough, that it may prove to the
advantage of every one owning even a pocket' magnifier to
take it.

It is published monthly, and is printed on good paper, aud
well illustrated.

It is now in its third year, and has met with very general
favor, so much so, that at the request of more than two-thirds
I of our subscribers, we have doubled its size. Subscription,
$1 .00 per year.

82^Vols. I and II, handsomely bound in cloth, with gilt title,
[ $1.2.'5 each. Vols. I and II, bound, and Vol. Ill in numbers as
issued, $2.60.

Send for free specimen copy. Address,

American Jonmal of Mirroscojyy,

decs

Box 4875, New YorR City.

Roses, Roses, By Mail.

10 Beautiful Ever-Blooming Roses, postpaid to any address,
for $1.00, purchaser's selection. All the best varieties. The
"bept inducements offered to purchasers of Greenhouse and
Bedding Pl.snts in the V. S. for Spring of 1878. All plants
■warranted to reach the purchaser in good condition. Cata-
logues Free, and send for one before purchasing elsewhere.
Address >V. H. BRENNEMAIV,

feb 6 Harrisburg, Pa.

IMPORTANT TO FARMERS.

A patent that will enable any one to produce new potatoes,
ripe fruit, <&c., all through the Winter, nearly as cheap as in

'their ordinary season, will be given to "responsible" farmers
for one-fourth of the proceeds for seven years, and afterward
free. Address, with two stamps to pay return postage, .1.

■CLARK, P.O. Box 1671, New- York. feb 1

A NEW RASPBERRY

"NEW HOCHELLE."

This is a hardy, strong, and healthy grower, and will produce
"twice as much fruit as any known variety; fruit large, of good
'flavor, and bears carriage well. I can furnish one year trans-
)planted canes at $3.«)0 per doz. ; tips $2.00 per doz.

Send for a circular.

feb.3 S. P. CARPENTER, New Rorlteile, N. Y.

r^rvorO from open ground. Hybrids, Monthlies, Climbers,
L^V/OllO and also small Roses from 3-inch pots. Florist
II Stock, Greenhouse and Bedding Plants.

FLORETS OF CARNATION Pinks, assorted colors, $1.26 per 100
Dy express t\.M per loo; by mail, post-paid, $2.00 per 100, at
the holidays.

DAPHNE CNEORUM, (strong) $2.00 per dozen, Sl.-i.oo period.
W holesale List free. Address,

J.T. PHILLIPS iL SON,

I Jan. 2 West Gr-ove, Cfietiter Co., Pa.

Small Fruits a Specialty

I Great American, Durand Beauty, Cwmberland Tri-
' ninpii, Cinderella, Continental, and all Best Sta wher-
ries. Early Proliilc, Reliance, Brandywine, and all

I Best Raspberries ; Wilson's Early and all best Blackberries;
also Currants, Grapes, Peach Trees, &c., Ac, all reliable
and at HARD PAN prices. Send for price list, and oblige,

JOHN S. COLLINS,

oct tf Moorestown, AT. tf.

Special Offer to the Trade.

Clematis flammula, Jackmanni viticella rubra grandiflora, and
■other sorts, Dicentra spectabilis strong roots. Roses, Oranges,

iLauerstrffmiass, Hydrangea, Otaksa and Panicul ta grandiHoia
Daphne indica, Pl'imbago capensis. Pampas grass, very showy

iplants ; Verbenas and other bedding plants. Apply to

WALTER ELDER,

LAJfnSCA.JPE A\n .TOBHl^'G OAHnHNJCK.

1231 Rodman Street, Philadelphia,
Attends to all branches of his basiness on reasonable terms.

feb.2

GEROLD ALTORFER,

West Chester, Pa.

LANDS Sfet^rJQWA

I onn nnn acres m\m wl ^

Central-
Western

1 2nn nnn acres

l5^W»,v» Wfor sale uc sr, aiirt i^i per acre, in
fiirin lots, aiid on terms to suit all classes. Round-
trip tickets from Cluoago and return free to pur-
chasers, s^eiid pcital-card for maps and pamphlet
describing climate, soil ami produc-ts in ir, coufi-
ties. Call on or addiess I<»«VA R. It. I.A>n
COni>AKV.03 Randolpli .street, Cliieago,
or Cp<l»r R»|>l«i.>). I«»M ».

J". B. CALHOUN, Zand Cmnmii.vnner.

KANSAS!

All about its Soil, Climate, Resources, Products, Laws, and
its People are given iu the KANSAS 7'Vl 7/.W KU. a 10-pagc
Weekly, iu it-* 16t"h year. Post-paid, 3 mo.,.')Oc.

Address. J. K. HUDSON, Topeka, Kansas.

Has quickly taken a high place among agricultural journals.—
N. v. Tribune. We have considered '.t among the best of our
exchanges, and a worthy representative of the West. — Practical
Farmer, Pliil'a. Our Kansas friends should feel much pride in
the high character and sterling worth of their State agricul-
tural paper.— XatiMial Live-Stock Ji.urnnl. We cheerf-uUy
credit it with being one of the best edited of our Western agri-
cultural exchanges. — Spirit of the TiwfK N. Y. dec4

12

THI ffi >/' / /( Y 7. 77 /«'. / /. .IP] 1:R TISFR.

EVERGREENS

AJT

3 V

PANIC PRICES.

The Largest Stock and Best
Assortment in America.

The Highest Medal awarded by tlie T'nited States Centennial Commission for our <lis|ilay of
Evergreens at Philadelphia, 1876. .HS^OSi «

Send for Panic Price'List of lowest rates ever oU'ered.

HOOPES, BRO. $( THOMAS,

VHFAiR y HILL X( USE HIES.

3 flaw VVpst Cluster, Pa,

leb.3

Tobacco Stems,

For PiinilgutliiK purposes, for sale in bjilcs of about 4iKi
lbs., free o:i r>o.\\ or cars at $5 per hale, or three bales (or ?1'2
OD one order.

STRAITON & STORM,

17S ct ISO Pearl Street,

■M\^•^1

New York City.

ALFRED BEIDGEMAN,

.s;6 It no AD WAY. xj:m- yokic.
Grower, Importer and Dealer in

VEGETABLE, FIELD,

AND

FLOWER SEEDS.

Garden Tools and Horticultural Books.

My annual priced Catalognes are now ready, and mailed free
to all applieaiits. They contiin all the liadinj;; and popular

sorts oi Vegetable, Field and Flower Seeds,

including all the most desirable novelties of the past season.
jaD8.

*CR7 f»n AGENT'S profits per week. Will prove it or for-
iPJ/iUU feit $600. Xe.v articles, just patented. Samples
sent free to all. Ad<lress.
<1ec3 W. H. CHIDESTER, -ilX Fulton St.. >'. V.

EXTRA CHOICE

Pansy Seeds.

Fresh seed.s which will produce dowers of the
greatest perfection in size, form and .substance.,
and of tlie clearest and most beautiful colors..
Assortment of fifteen separate varieties for sl..)() ;
mixed seeds 15 cents per packet. My Catalogue
containing a list of

FLOWER SEEDS

OF

Unsurpassable Quality

and at llea.soiiable Prices will be mailed free, or
with a packet of the above Pansy Seeds and a
IJucket of equally choice Verbenas for 2-'") cents.
A liberal discount to the trade.
Address.

J^:. WYMAX, Jr.,

' '^ Rockford, III.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

13

pg" XJ

CJ-A.

B. K. BLISS & SON,

34 Barclay St.. N. Y. City

VB~ Send for Circular and conditions of Insertion under this heading. _ai

A. M. C. JONGKINDT CONINCK,
Nurseryman. Dt'demsvHHrt. Ni-th.

PAUL BUTZ & SON,
Nursery and Florist, New Castle, Pa.

JNO. A. BRUCE k CO.,

Seed Merchants, Hamilton, Canada.
R. J. BLA^K, New and Kar« Fru^its;

Bremen, Fairfield Co., Ohio.

FARLEY, ANDERSON & CO.,

Nursery, Union Springs, N. Y.

S. E. BYERS,
Florist, Houstan, Texas.

PETER HENDERSON & CO.,

Wholesale Seedsmen and Florists, !

New York City, j

THOMAS MEEHAN,

Nursery & Tree Seeds, Germant'n, Phil.
R7iT.~A. MURDOCH,

Nurserymen, Pittsburgh. Pa.
CHAS. T. STARR,

Florist, Avondah', Chester Co.. Pa.

-i- 2000.000:1-

ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUES

Sent free on application.

I-IN STOCK-I-

^

'^

Low freights from Boston
allow us to compete with any
Pottery in the United States.

A. H. HEIVS & GO.^ No. Cambridge, Mass.

Will be ^^»^

mailed FREE to

all applicants. It con-

tains colored plate. 600 enijrav

about 150 pages, and full de.scripti.

prices and directions for planting ovc.

jarieties of Vegetable and Flower Seeds" Plants. Roses Ftiv

iDTaluable to all. Send for it. Addre.ss °'"''' ""»"• ■•■"•

D. M, FEEBY & CO., Detroit, Mich.

C^X^^^V Agents Wanted to subscribe for the Agents'
^^^J^J^J .lournal. A handsomely bound 24-p!ige Jour-
na brim lull of interest to Agents. Every agent should see a
copy of it. Send Foetal Card for Specimen Copy. Agents'
Journal, Y. N. janl2

COLEUS PICTUS.

Described la the "(rardener'ylilonthiy " for February, 1878.
Plantft, 50 Cents each.

HENRY A. DREER,

Seedsman and Florist,
feb. PHILADET.PHIA.

The Gardener's Monthly.

THE FOLLOWING

BACK NUMBERS

o-oox:)

WANTED, IN

ooasriDiTioiNr.

April, 1H60. .Tnnuarff, lft73, March, 1S75.

JTanuary, 1S70. tTanunry, 1S74. Uecember, "
March, " Vehritnry , " .January, 1S7S.

^uly, " August, " .January, JS77.

October, " Jiecemher, '' Jt^bruary, "

December, " .January, 1875. March, "

February, " August, "

Receivable in exchange on Subscription account, or exchang-
able for other numbers not in above list. Send numbers pre-
paid by mail, and advise the publisher. Addres.s,

CHAS. H. MAKOT,

814 Cheatuut St., Phlla.

SECOND HAND BOOKS.

By Mail on Receipt of Price.

Speak Quickly if You Want Them.

t^"Say in your order "Second-hand List."_^j

Thomas J. J., Farm Implements

" " American Fruit Culturist .

Planters' Guide

Donaldson's Manures, Grass and farming
Downing's Rural Essays

" Fruits and Fruit Trees of America, 1 copy at

" Cottage Residences

Christy's Chemistry of Agriculture
Anderson's Agricultural Chemistry
Leibeg's Familiar Letters on Chemistry .
Beet Culture and Beet Sugar, by Childs .
French's Farm Drainage
Chorlton's Grape Growers' Guide, 1 copy at

McMahon's American Garden
Phiu's Grape Culture and Wine Making .
Loubatz's Vine Dresser's Guide .
Wood's Class-book of Botany

" Object Lessons in Botany
Farmers' Encyclopaedia

Marazathy's Grape Culture and Wine Making

Mead's " " "

Munn's Practical Land Drainer .

Burr's Field and Garden Vegetables of America

Buist's Family Kitchen Gardener

Flint's Milch Cows and Dairy Farming

Todd's How to Make Farming Pay

Liebeg's Farmers' Chemistry, I3S»4 pages, 8 vo.

Johnson's Agricultural Chemistry

]{aiid's 8eventy-fiye Flowers

Woodward's Rural Art

Sauuder'.s Domestic Poultry

"Ten Acres Enough . - -

Downing's Cottage Residences (8vo.>

Mcintosh's Practical Gardener, 2 vols., 8vo.

McMahon's American Gardener

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, Gardener'* Monthly Office.

$1 00

1 25

1 50

1 50

1 50

?y at 3 00

2 00

76

1 00

1 00

76

1 00

60

76

1 25

76

1 00

2 60

145

3 00

2 00

4 00

3 00

.■iO

3 (M)

75

80

2 00

3 50

2 00

1 00

75

75

1 00

I 50

4 00

1 25

14

/'///•; nOR T/( Y 7, 7/ A'.-//. API h'.R'nSh K.

SOUTHERN ENTERPRISE

Kor Ihi- l)rvclii|iiiuiil 1.1 "ur Miilirinl Ki-S(Mir.-..-i-, divdt.tl ii>
Immi^riiiloti, SoutlnTii I'rnKri-Ks, Ntitloniil rroripcrtty. Iloppy
kiiral l.itf ttirounh I'rmlicul ll'irlirultiirc, Kli-vnti'd AltIciiI-
fiin- tin' (ormcr helnj: tlio rrndlc ot the lattcrl, DivcrHlll.-d
Iii.lUhlri.!*, etc.. Ik

PTJBLISHED AT ATLANTA, QA., FOR $1 PER ANNUM.

S. T. .IknkiS!<. Kditor and l'riii)rifHir ; .1. S. Nkwman, Ah-d-
» iatc Kditor. Itcccive— inipart ; know— be known. Everytlitii!,'

Hlmll I'c HMirllk-rd to i .liidiility. ffli VL

JOHN SAUL'S CATALOGUE

- OP —

yi/^z£), Rare and Beautiful

PLANTS

Will be ready in February, with a COLORED I'LATK,

'l"he fuUowiDg are offered :

Nf \v RoKe (^ueen of Brddrrs and othiir new 8orle.

>t»v Doublf W'hlt«- GeraiiliiniH and others, very distinct.

Ne^v Double I vy-L.«'aved (^i-aitliiiiiN.

3ie>v Z<inale, Dr. Driiiiy'N, and oilier tine eorts.

f e'\v Fi-iii^rd Prlargoniuiii, Dr. MaHter's.

Ne^v and Hare KeriiM.

New TubrrouM-RooIrd Bfgoniatt, double and single.

Sonrrllla HeudrrMOull, )laDd^>ome toliage and fii.e winter

lilooiuer.
Torenla Fournerl, ft verv pretty species.
A collection of New and Rare Slirubs and Treesi.
A beautiful collection of Dracivnas, Crotons, Aloca-

claH, Caiadluiiis and otlier tine toli.-ige plautt^.
New 8etM of Gloxinias, Cleniatlii, Fuclislas, Dalilias,

with an immense stock ot new and heaiititul plants, well

grown, all ot which are offered at low rates.

(atalogne and Plate free to customers, to others 10 cents, or a
j)lain cojiy 'o all applicants free.

An iinmeuse stock of all the new and standard varieties, grown
in pots on own roots, cheap.

NEW FRUITS.

.\E « PKARS, PEACHES, STRAWBERR ES, &.e.
NE^' SHRVBS and ORNAMENTAL. TREKS,

With a large general
MRSKKY STOCK, FRUIT TREES, EVERGREENS, NOR-
WAY SPRUCE, AUSTRIAN PINE, SILVER FIR,
and other small EVER(4RRENS suitable
for Nurnerymen.
Catalogues mailed to applicants.

feb.3. Washhif/tou, D. (\

R. Buist'sPlant Catalogue

1h inst puhllt-li.d, Mhd will he iniilliil to iiH appli. m.t^. Zoiiail
(Jeranluni ".New Lltt-" halt jiict tlowcri-d with iin-. Tlie mw
llardv Tree uiid Fnill t'ntalogur will be ri'a<lv in a ft w ('n)i'.
Ifbl HOSKDAI.K M R.SRRIKS, I'hiln.

New, Rare and Surplus Stock

FOIFl IST'S.

TO THE TRADE.

CAI^ADIl'M, Kancy-I^-aved SortM. Strong, well matured,,
dry Tubers, Id sorts. Ol the following choice sons.

Our selection, fPiperUK)

Purchaser's selection, ... 16 "

AUHER, DUCIIARTRK, HEETHOVKN, BICOLOR SPLEN-

DENS, CANNAEKTI, CHANTIM, UUC dk RATIBON,

KNULICIIKKIANU.M, DISCOLOR, KNCKRI. IIOUL-

LETTI, HERCULES, MYERHEKR. MILTON,

LAMARTINE. WKillTI, NKWMANI,

ROSSINI. REINE VICTORIA and

RUBRA .MACULATA.

GEB ANIUM APPLE, fine seedling plant, pi-r 100, $.V00'

L.YGOOIUM«»CANL» ENS, (Japanese Creeping Fern),

one vear old, per lOd, 6.00

PELARGONIUM NEW ROYAL., (Beauty of Ox-
ton). per do/,., 8 00'

VIOL.KTS, importedfromMessrs.Paillet, Frame, true to
name and defcrijjtion. Described in the Monflih/, Octo-
ber and November. 1877.
BELLE de CHATENAY, double white, very fragrant

free bloomer, measuring P.i' in''l>ce, . . per doz., 4.60*
"WHITE CZ.\R, single white, very fragrant, large and

free flowering, per do/.., .^.00

S<'nd for Garden Calendar for 1R78, confain-lng descriptive-
and priced lists of new and old varieties.

Henry A. Dreer,

Skedsman AND Floriht,
Xo. 714 ^Chesfuiit St., PhUadflpfiin,.

■.WiHi En^ravln^x; 1N40 PajuieK (Quarto.
lO.OOO Wonls mill Miuiiukjs not in utlwr lUrtlimarien,

More than 30,000 copies have l>een placed in the piililic
schools of the I niteu States.

Recommended by State Superintendents of Schools in
34 different States.

Contains 3,000 I""*<tration8, nearly three times as many
as any other Dictionary.

The" sale of Web'tcr's" Dictionaries is 20 times as great as-
th<r sale of any other scries of Dictionaries.

"Indispensable to every student of tjie English langaage."
— ,M. R. Waite, Chief JvMici- Uiiitfd Statrn.

"A ii'iiist 4, 1877. The Dictionary used in the (Joveinment
Printing-OIHce is Webster's unabridged "

Published by G. & C. MERRIADI, Springfield, Mass..

We liave on hand, in condition for Sjning plantint;.

FlLTITs/Z, I=»E.A-CH, .A.I'I'ILE,

as well as our usual exten.«;ive assortment of Evergreen and Omaniental Seeds. Samples of the Fniit
Seeds, with prices as well as Catalogues, on application.

feb-J MEEHAN'S NURSERIES. Germantown, Pa..

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

15

BOULE DE NEIGE CARNATION

The beet white Carnation known. A vigorous grower, large
flower, very floriterous. The flowers never split. Rooted cut-
tings at low rates. Sample flower and prices sent on applica-
tion.

E. D. SMAW,

Box 305. Chicopee, Statis.

Feb 2

■ '^T-"- !•■ Ut t ^V

SITUATIONS WANTED.

A POSITION as Head Gardener by a man having worked 15
years in Europe and lu in this country. Thoroughly com-
petent in all branches ot borticulture, understands propagating
roses and treatment of greeuhous" plants, fruit trees and vege-
tables. Bouquets and other floral desigcs set on most approved
principles. Will accept asituivtion in any department. Address
J. L., Blm Place, Brooliline, Mass.

AS Propagator by middle of March by a German, married, in
a coiiiniercial establishment, or to take charge of a flrst-
class private place. 20 years experience and the best of refer-
ence. Address Gardent-r, care of W. S. Hayes, Howningtowu,
Pa. feb '2

BY a Practical Gardener, married, no children, acquainted
with all kinds ot in and outdoor culture for pleasure and
proflt; forcing vegetables, plauts and fruits. Able to manage
any place and take responsible charge. Satisfactory reference
as a trustworthy, first-cla^s man of easy temper, strictly sober,
honest and iudustriou--. Address M. L., Landscape Gardener,
Elm Grove P. O., Wheeling, W. Va.

BY a sober, honest and industrious young man, one who has
been accustomed to working in a nursery, and can bud,
graft, «fec. Address at once "Nursery," care of C. H. Marot,
S14 Chestnut St., Phila., Pa.

A FIRST-CLASS Gardener wishes a situation ; has a thorough
kuowlege of the business in all its branches, Ac, with the
best of reterence. Apply or address Gardener, care of Wil-
liam Sutherland, 2l8t St., below Green, Phila.

AS Foreman and First-Class Propagator ; thoroughly experi-
enced in the cultivation and propagation of stove and
greenhouse plants,ro8es,cleuiatises,surubs,conifers,<fcc. Would
not object to a ^lr^t-class private place. Address T. F., care
John Saul, Nurseryman, Washington, D. C.

AS Gardener in a private or commercial place. Well up in
the various branches. Can show the best certificates from
some of the largest e^tabli8hments in Scotland, yiz : the Ardross
Castle Gardens, the Lochalsh Castle Gardens, and the Lewis
Castle Gardens, the seat of Sir Jame^ Matheson, Bart, of the
Lewes. Also for last fi years have been m one of the leading
places in Hamilton, Canada. Address Roderick Cameron, care
Wm. Shaw, Victoria Ave., North Hamilton, Canada.

AS Gardener in a private or commercial establishment. Un-
derstands the management of pleasure g.ounds, vegetable
and fruit gardens, graperies and forcing houses, with a decided
knowledge of plant culture and propagation, having 12 years'
practical experience in this country and Europe. Address
(iardener, 137 Congress St., Troy, N."Y.

AS Foreman and Propagator, by a man who thoroughly un-
derstands his business in all its various branches, the
growing of soft and hard wood, and is a successful rose grower.
Has had 16 years experience in the business. Would take a
first-class commercial or a good private place. Address Pro-
pagator, care of Hoopes Bro. & Thomas, West Chester, Ches-
ter Co., Pa.

BY an American, single, as Gardener. Is competent t» take
charge of greenhuuses. graperies, &c., or a first-class pri-
vate place. 2(1 years' experience, and well recommended. Ad-
drees Wm. J. Brewer, Newburgh, Orange Co., N. Y.

SITU.VnON wated by a gardener, middle-aged, wife, no chil-
dren, 5% years in present situation, long practical experi-
ence in all branches of the business. Can be at liberty on or
before March 1st. Address 1330Girard avenue, Phila. Pa.

IN a sale place by a man capable of growing extra fine rose-
buds for market. Can grow everything in the florists' line.
Good bouquet maker, and has large experience in construction
of greenhouses for practical use. No objection to private
place. First-class references. Address J. CONNELL, corner
Mill and Hancock, Springfield, Mass.

BY a first-class Propagator, in a good Nursery or Florist Es-
tablishment. Address, Propagator, care Mr. John Saul,
Nurseryman and Florist, Washington, D. C. nov3

BY a young man, a Situation in (ireenhouses, has had expe-
rience with Dingee & Conard Co. for several years. Under-
stands the growing of Roses, Shrubs, Evergreens and otber
plants. Would go as assistant, make himself generally useful,
or would like to take charj^e of a small place. Can go on the
ioth January. Address, \\ est Grove, Chester Co., Pa., Box 70.

A SITUATION as Book-keeper, Invoice and Shipping Clerk by
a man 33 years of age, well up in oftlce routine work, and
at present similarly employed with extensive nursery firm.
Expectations moderate. Address "Cito," Red Bank P. O., N.J.

WANTED — A Situation as Gardener, in a private or com-
mercial establishment. Well up in all its branches, in-
cluding Orchids, Stove, and Greenhouse Plants, and the forcing
of Floivers, Fruits and Vegetables. Foimerly with Mr. Such,
South Amboy, and Mr. Fred. L. Ames, North Easton, who lias
tbe finest collections of plants in the country. A'ell recom-
mended. A. J. EDMONDS, N. Easton, Maes. jan.2.
A SITUATION by a Gardener, active, sober, single man, as
propagator, or to take charge of eitlier private or commer-
cial establishment. Understands the business in every depart-
ment. Undoubted reference. Address (iardener, C. G., fiS
Clybourn Ave., Chicago, 111.

BY a young man as Foreman in market gardening. Would
like to go South. Also has had several years experience in
greenhouse and bedding of all kinds. Address R. D., care ot
Steel, Station B, Jersey City, N. J.

A complete set of the American Parmer by John S. Skinner,.
Baliimore, Vol. 1 to 14, 1820 to lb.S4, bound in board with
leather back, in good preservation. For sale by

Feb 1 JOHN W. BaILEY, Plattsburgh, N. Y.

Of greenhouse plants, shrubs, roses, and evergreens, wants a
situation. Also understands the management of Winter flow-
ering plants, Single man. Address, with particulars as to-
amount of glass and salary. LEVANT COLE,

feb 1 Can; Storrs, Harrison & Co., Paiuebville, Ohio.

1^\ f\f\f\ Agents Wanted to sell our newly Patented
^Jm^J^J\J Novelties, Chromos, Jewelry, Watches. Re-
volvers, Engravings, Books, &c. Stationery Packages $10 per
hund. Special terms given to Agents everywhere. The best;
prices ever offered. Mammoth Catalogue with Samples free.
jani2 R. L. FLETCHER, 11 Dey St., N. Y.

WANTED an active, industrious business man without a
family, who thoroughly understands propagating and
cultivating Fruit Trees, Evergreens, &c., and can attend to the
duties of foreman of a first-class nursery. Substantial refer-
ences as to competency and integrity of character required..
Correspondence desired.

Address, C. W. WESTBROOK & CO., Box 69, Wilson, N. C.

CATALOGUE OF NEW, RARE AND BEAUTIFUL PLANTS,
will be ready in February with a colored plate. Many new and
beautiful plants are ottered for the first time witha rich col-
lection of Greenhouse and Hothouse Plants, Bedding Plants,
New and Choice Roses, Dahlias, &>■., well grown and at low
prices. Free to all my customers, to others price 10 cents. A
plain copy free. JOHN SAUL.

Feb2 Washington. D. C.

The Diospyros Kaki,

OR

JAPANESE PERSIMMOIT.

Imported direct from Japan Four of Best Varieties, Grafted
Trees, with abundance ot small roots ; perfectly hardy. Will
bear at from three to four years o'd. Each Per Doz Per lOft
1st Class Trees, 5 to 7 ft., - $1.(0 fll.oo $80.00

2d " 2>; to 5 ft. - 7.") S.OO 55.00

With a liberal discount for larger quantities. For further in-
formation and catalogue address

JAMES WATERS,
feb.2 Pajaro Valley Nurseries, Watsonville, Santa Cruz Co., CaL

■\A7'illi«.xaa. )Si;i.tla.ex*l£ixxc3.,

Gardei»er, Florist, aud Horticultural Agent, Twenty-
First St., below Greene, Philadelphia. Jobbing promptly
attended to. First-class reference furnished, and correspon-
dence solicited. feb 3

GARDENING FOR PLEASURE.

BY PKTER HENUKRSON.

A guide to the Amateur in the

FRUIT, VEGETABLE and FLOWER GARDEN.

With full directions for the
Greenhouse, Conservatory and Window-Garden.

Illustrated. 2.50 Page.s, I'inio, cloth. I'rice $1.50. Sent by-
mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT, .S14 Chestnut St., Phila.

16

THE JIORTJCULTURAL ,\ lU I-.RTISER.

Medal and Diploma awarded by the U. S. Cen-
tennial Commission, 1876, to

SMITM & LYMCH,

Mann fuvt n vers of l*atent Itnjyroved

Portabls Cellular Firs Boz Rslurn Plus Boiler

AND

PATENT PORTABLE CELLULAR FIRE BOX

BASE BURNER BOILER

■Crreenhouses, Graperies, Conservatories, Propagatiny Houses, Forcinf/ Pits, Pnhlir

and Pvivate liuifdinf/s, Sehools, Drying Rooms and

Heating Water for Paths.

ALSO KEEP CONSTANTLY ON HAND

ExpiDsioa Tanks, Evaporating Pans, Stop Valves, Cast-iron Pipe, Elbows, Tees, Branches, Pipe Chairs
and everything necessary, of the best material, for Greenhouse Heating.

Smith & Lynch's Improved Ventilating Apparatus, for opening and closing Ventilating Sash, on roaf
or sides of Greenhouses and Graperies.

Judges' Report on awards, with descriptive illustrated circular containing testimonials and reference.
Also price list furnished on application to

SMITH & LYNCH,

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

19

ROSES. ROSES.

HE\N PLANTS. GERANIUMS,

The Young Stock we now offe* is very large and complete, healthy,
vigorous, and in the best possible condition for shipping.

We woulrl respectfully invite a careful insptction of our list of varieties,
wliich we keep up to a high standard by regular and frequent importations of the
bei't new sorts.

YOl'XU KOSES, thrifty plants, $6.50 per 100, $60 per 1000.
'i'he following varieties, among others, we have in quantity, viz: Bon Sllene,
Coratesse Labarthe, Aline SLsiey, Devoniensis, Douglass, Hertnosa, Isabella Sprunt,
Marie Guillot, Marie Van Houtte. Safrano, Souvenir de Malmaison, Souvenir d' Uu
Ami, Triumph de Luxembourg, &c., &c.

GERAMIUMS, General Collection, fine 3-inch pot plants, $6 per 100, $60
per 1000.

An immense stock, composed largely of new varieties, including our importa-
tion of 187.^ and tlie best of the older sorts, forming a collection of the greatest
merit.

NEW GEKANIUMS of 18T6, strong plants, $2 per doz., $15 per 100.
A large collection of the finest French and English introductions of 1876; great
improvemerits in every way upon tlie older sorts.

NEW GERANIUMS of 1877, good plants, 50 cts. each, $5 per doz.
These are, beyond doubt, magnificent varieties, and, in our judgment, the finest
lot ever introduced into this country, comprising many new colors and forms, espe-
cially among the doubles.
CARNATIONS, fine, healthy. Fall struck plants, now ready, $5 per 100, $40 per 1000.
A large stock of L;. Purite, Pres. de Graw, White Perfection and many other Winter blooming varieties.
FUCHSIAS, all the best kinds, $8 per 100.
HELIOTROPES. 20 fine Continental varieties, $6 per 100.

" ]\Iadame de Blonay, nearly pure w'hite, very large flat trusses; fine for forcing ; $1.50 per doz.

LANTANAS, new varieties, dwarf growers and free bloomers, $8 per 100.

Also a large stock of miscellaneous Bedding and Greenhouse Plants, Hardy Shrubs, Vines and Herbaceous Plants.
New Plants, sufficient to cover Express Charges, will be added to all Wholesale Orders.
Send for Illiistrated Catalogue and Wliol«sale Liist.

A. K. WILLIAMS, Cascade Rose Nursery, RICHMOND, INDIANA.

PENPI[LD'S PRICE LIST OF LftBELS,GllROEN STAKES, GREENHOUSE RODSic

)IXU|

y-

U^

IT

-^Lf.:

Tree and Bunch Labels, H°

mi

N^3

N24

These LABELS are superior to any other Wooden Labels Made.

POT LABELS, n°o

No. 1 Tree Labels notched for wire 35c.perl000| No.3 Pot Labels, pointed,

2 " " " 40c. "

3 Bunch " " " 1 in. by 4 in., 80c. "

4 " " " " 1 'b by 5 $1.00 "

0 Pot Labels, pointed, 7-16 inch by 3 inches, 8.5c. "

1 " " i<; liv 3x 40c. '

2 " " < by4 " 45c. "

inch by 4)4 inches, 45c. per 1000

4 " " }i by 5 55c. "

5 " " % hy6)4 65c. •'

6 " " Js' by 6 80c. "
Garden Stakes, 1>^ in. wide by 8 in. long $2.50 "

" IV in. wide by 10 in. long 3.00 "

" IJ3 in. wide by 12 in. long 4.00 "

Round Greenhouse Rods, cut to any length required, and pointed '-4 and % inch in diameter, $2.00 per thousand feet, in length-
" " " " " )4 inch in diameter, 3.00 per thousand feet, in length.

Greenhouse Rods made of oak timber, 25 per cent, extra.
Oak Dahlia Stakes 1 inch in diameter, 4 feet long, $3.00 per 100; 5 feet long, $4.00 per 100.

Orders amounting to more than $25 at one time w ill be allowed a discount of 10 per cent.

No charges for packages or cartage in this city.

eb3. Address O'H-^S. H., 3P»:E3XrJS'3;:S3L-30, LOQKPQRT, N. Y,

20

/.\7> II OR in •( ■/ /Y A'. / / . / 1) I l:l< IISIIx'.

i GRANDEST GIFT OF THE AGE.

A $5.00 ELEGAFI STEEL EUGEAVIITG

DESTRUCTION

JERUSALEM

A.& A. SP£:CI.A.I« N£: VT YEA^Fl'S GIFT

Kcfcir.ri tr. m l>aiu.I, 9Ili Cliail.T . I.', \.r-i- :
l.csp^ch Thee, 1.1 Thiiic uncir nnil Thy furv !■.• Inn
U the Momt Sublime

I' 1,..|.|, nrn.r.lini; (.. nil Tliy riL'lil...iii.«n.--, 1
'1 :iw:iy irom Tin city, Jiiriisalum."— Jfafciuflf

M^STZ^KPZSCS OF ART

l>v K.'iiiU'a<'h, which soM for

ever puMi>hed. It is a piTfrot •■n|.y r,f ih.- f:im-us ji;

S60,000 IN GOIiiD.
OT'fS OJirc; ItV\unKi» VtUtltKS .in- rpprpscntod ; from the innocent babe
at its mother's breast to the stnuiK iii:iii ami michtv warrior, in tlip altitude of terror and
despair. HeeinR from the wratli of AlmlRhtj- (Jod. Over head are .seen ancel-s and aroli-
antrels. armed with swords of flaming fire dcsrendinR on the tieautiful but wioited and
doomed city. On .seeing tliis enpraving you are held siiell-bound by its beauty, grandeur I
and the awful lesson it teaehes.

cn on THIS ckkhficate as it is woktii $r>.ooTo you.

On receipt of this Certificate, together with #Or. to pav postage and mounting
expenses, we will send the fS.lK) steel Kngruviiig, 1 feet wide"l)v 2':. feet long, entitled

DESTRUCTION OF JERUSALEM

JVee, by mail, postpaid. Send for Kngraviiig i
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WORKING MAN'S WAY TO WEALTH. INSECTIVOROUS PLANTS.

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CLASS BOOK OF BOTANY.

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WINDOW GARDENING.

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21

FIRST AND SECOND SIZE.

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ROSE GARDEN.

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Embracing History of the Rose ; format ioii of Rosarium ; detail-
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^GARDENERS' DICTIONARY.

By Geo. W. Johnson, Editor of " Cottage Gardener."

Describing the Plants, Fruits and Vegetables desirable fnr thi
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PRACTICAL FLORICULTURE.

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GARDENING FOR PROFIT.

BY PETER HENDERSON.

A Guide to the successful cultivation of the

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FLORA OF THE SOUTHERN STATES.

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Containing abridged descriptions of the Flowering Plants and
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HOW PLANTS GROW.

Br Asa Gray, M. D.

A simple Introduction to Structural Botany, with a Popular
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23.i pages, large 16mo, half-arabesque, paper sides. Price 81.25.
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Manual of Botany of tlie Hortliern Ilnlleil States.

By Asa Gray.

Including the district east of the Mississippi and north of Carolina
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814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

ORCHID GROWER'S MANUAL.

By Benjamin S. Williams, F.R.H.S.
Containing brief descriptions of over 800 species and varieties,
with notices of times of flowering, approved modes of treatment
and practical instructions on general culture. Remarks on heat,
moisture, soil, seasons of growth and rest suited to the several species.
Enlarged edition with illustrations. 300 pages, i2mo, cloth. Pnce,

«2 50 Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

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814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

22

rill: HON rU Y L '11 'RA L A I) I 'Eh' 'IISI-.R.

CLUB PAPERS AT NET PRICES,

ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED.

TO EEMIT IN CLUBBING

any of tlic fnllowintr li>l with Mio
GARDENER'S MONTHLY
Select siicli us you wish, foot uj) the prices annexed, and add TWO DOLLARS
for the MONTHLY to the total.

American Agriculturist. %,\ 20

" Farm r 1 3ft

" ArtisHD 1 GO

" Builder 2 60

" Naturalist H 2.')

" Odd Fellow 1 60

Appleton's Journal 2 50

Arthur's Home Magazine 2 35

Atlantic Monthly .S 45

Boston Cultivator 1 60

Building Association Jouruiil 75

" Societies (iazette, I.ondnu, England 1 .S5

Bucks County Intelligencer, old subscriber.*, $2.60, no a-.. . 2 10

California Horticulturist 2 75

Central Union Agriculturist and Chromo 1 70

Children's Friend 1 a5

Hour 1 10

Colemau'8 Rural World 1 85

Country Gentleman 2 10

Deuiorest's Magazine 2 60

Rclectic Magazine. 4 60

Farmer's Home Journal 1 35

Farm Journal 20

Frank Leslie's Ladies' Magazine 3 10

" Review 2 10

Germantown Telegraph, old subscribers, $2.50, new 2 20

Godi-y's Lady's Book 2 15

Graphic, (Daily), per year 9 60

Hall's Journal of Health 1 50

Harper's Bazar 3 35

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Household 85

Iowa Homestead 1 60

Journal of Chemistry 1 10

Journal of Materia Medica 1 10

Kansas Farmer 1 35

Lady's Floral Cabinet, with Chromo 1 10

Ladies' Repository 3 .35

Leslie's Lady's Joiirnal 3 60

Lippincott's Magazine 3 10

Littell's Living Age 7 60

London Garden 8 75

London Gardener's Chronicle 7 50

Maine Farmer 2 10

Manufacturer and Builder 1 85

.Maryland Farmer $1 35

Massachusetts I'loughnian 2 60

Metropolitan 1 85

Milling Journal I 85

Moore's Rural New Yorker 2 35

Nation 4 75

National Baptist 2 36

New England Farmer 2 36

" " Homestead 2 10

New York Evangelist 2 60

New York Methodist 2 VO

" Herald Weekly 100

" " Post We.'kly, $1.40 Semi-Weekly 2 60

" " Times, Weekly, $1.40; Scmi-Weeklv 2 60

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" World, WeeKly, $1.40; Semi-Weekly 2 60

Nortli-Western Farmer i 10

Nursery 1 20

Ohio Farmer 1 60

Our Home Journal 2 26

Park's Floral Gazette 40

Peun Monthly 2 10

Peter's Musical Monthly 2 60

Peterson's Magazine 1 70

Philadelphia Weekly Press 1 60

Pliiladclphia Weekly Tiuies 1 36

Phrenological Journal 1 <>0

Poultrj- World 1 00

Popular Science Monthly 4 20

Practical Farmer, (Weekly.) 1 60

Prairie Farmer ' 60

Purdy's Small FruitRecorder 85

Saint Nicholas 2 60

Saturday Evening Post 1 76

Scientific American 2 76

Scientific Farmer 85

Scribner's Monthly 3 45

Southern Cultivator 1 86

Southern Planter and Farmer 1 85

Vick's Illustrated Monthly Magazine 95

Waverly Magazine. 4 65

Western Agriculturist 85

Western Farmer 1 80

Rural '.60

Wprking Farmer 1 ''6

Young Folk's Monthly 90

Youth's Companion' new subscribers $1.40; old subscribers 1 75

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RtTB AL AND PRACTICAL BOOKS, (and any others in the market not on this Ustj will
be sent by mail, post paid, on receipt of price. Address Chas. H. Marot, 814 Chestnut St., Philada.

Allen's, E. L., Diseases of Domestic Animals

Allen's, L. F , Rural Architecture

Allen's, L. F., American Cattle

Allen's, R. L. & L. F. New American Farm Book

American Architect

American Bird Fancier, (Brown's)

American Farmer's Encyclopedia

American Weeds and Useful Plafets

Apple Culturist, S. E. Todd

Art of Saw Filing

ATchitecture, Modern American, Cumraings & Miller

" Principles and Practice of, By Loring & Jenning

Baker's Fruit Culture

Bassett on Cranberry Culture

Barry's Fruit Garden

Bell's Carpentry made easy

Bement's Poulterer's Ci mpanion

Bement's Rabbit Fancier

Beet Root Sugar

Bicknell's Village Builder, 77 plates

Bommer's Method of Making Manures

Boussingault's, J. B., Rural Economy

Browne's Trees of America

Brock's New Book of Flowers

Bridgeman's American Gardener's Assittant ...

Bridgeman's Fruit Cultivator's Manual

Bridgeman's Kitchen Gardener's Instructor

Buisi's, Robert, Am. Flower Garden Directory

Buist's, Robert, Family Kitchen Gardener

Burr's Field and Garden Vegetables of America

Carpenter and Joiner (R. Riddell)

Carpenter and Joiner's Hand Book, (Holly)

Chorlton's Grape Grower's Guide

Chemistry of the Farm, (Nichols)

Cleveland's Villas and Cottages

Cobbett'a American Gardener •.

Cole's, S. W., American Fruit Book

Cole's American Veterinarian

Cooper's Rural Hours

Copeland's Country Life

Dadd's, Geo. H., American Cattle Doctor

Dadd's Modern Horse Doctor

Dana's, Samuel H., Muck Manual

Darwin's Variations of Animals and Plants, (2 vols)

Darwin's Insectiverous Plants

DeVoe's Market Assistant

Dnwning's, A. J., Landscape Gardening

Downing's Cottage Residences

Downing's Fruits and Fruit Trees of America,

Downing's Rural Essajs ...

Downing's Ladies' Companion to the Garden

DuBreuil's Vineyard Cultu I e, (Dr. Warden)

Eastwood on Cultivation of the Cranberry

Elliott's Western Fruit Grower's Guide

Elliott s Landscape Gardening,

Elliott's Lawn and Shade Trees

KUiott's Fruit Growers' Haua Book, paper, 60 cents, ciolli

Farm Talk. (Brackett)

Farming for Boys

Field's, Thomas W., PearCulture .,"

Five Acres too Much, (illustrattd)

Flagg's European Vineyards

Flax Culture •.

Flint, Chas. L. on Grasses

Flint's Milch Cows

Fowler's Homes for All

Fnnk Forester's Fish and Fishing, 8 vo. 100 engraving.s..

I'rank Forester's Manual for Young Sportsmen, 8 vo

French's Farm Drainage •

Fuller's Grape Culturist

Fuller's Small Fruit Culture

Fuller's Strawberry Culturfst

Fuller's Forest Tree Culturist

Fulton on Peach Culture

Gentry's Lite Histories of Birds, Ist vol

Gray's How Plants Grow

Gray's Manual of Botany

Gray's Manual, Botany and Lessons, in one vol

Gray's School and Field Book of Botany

Green on Trout Culture

Gregory on Squashes, paper

Guernon on Milch Cows

Guide to Fortune

Harazthy's Grape Culture and Wine Making '.

Harris' Insects Injurious to Vegetation, clo. $4; col. eng's..

Harris on the Pig

Hatfield's American House Carpenter

Henderson's Practical Floriculture

Henderson's Gardening for Pleasure

Henderson's Gardening for Profit

Herbert's Hints to Hor.sekeepers

Hoopes on Evergreens

Hooper's Dog and Gun, paper 30 cents, cloth

Hop-culture

How to Buy a Farm, and Where to Find One

U 00

1 60

2 50
2 50
7 00

30
6 00
1 75

1 50
75

10 00
12 00

4 00
30

2 50

5 00
2 00

30

1 50

12 00

25

1 60

6 00

1 75

2 50
1 00
1 00
1 50
1 00
5 00

7 00
75
75

1 25

4 00
75
75
75

2 00

5 00
1 50
1 50

1 25

6 00

7 00

2 50
6 50

3 00
5 00
3 50
2 00
2 00

75
1 50
1 .50
1 50
1 00
1 00
1 50
1 25
] .50

1 ',()

2 50

2 50
1 50

3 50

3 00
1 r,o
1 50
1 50

20
1 50

1 .-,0

2 00

1 25

2 25

4 00

2 .'^0
1 00

30

75

1 00

5 00

6 50
1 50

3 50
1 50
1 50
1 50
1 75
3 00

60

40

1 75

How to Manage a Building Association 82 00

How to Paint 1 00

Hunter and Trapper 1 00

Hussman's Grapes and Wines 1 50

Jacquts' Manual of the House 1 50

Jacques' Manuel of the Garden 1 75

Jennings' Cattle Doctor 1 75

Jennings on the Horse and his Diseases 1 75

Jennings' Sheep, Swine and Poul ry 1 75

Johnson's Gardener's Dictionary 3 50

Johnson's How Crops Feed 2 00

Johnson's How Crops Grow 2 00

Johnson's Peat and its uses 1 25

Johnston's Elements of Ag. Chemistry and Geology 1 50

Johnston's, J. S. W., Agricultural Chemistry 1 75

Kemp's Landscape Gardening 2 50

Klippart's Farm Drainage 1 75

Langstroth, Rev. L. L., on the Hive an Honey Bee 2 00

Leuchars' How to Build Hot-houses 1 50

Leibig's, Justus, Familiar Lectures on Chemistry 75

Louden's Eneylopaedia of Plants 20 00

Lyman's Cotton-culture 1 50

McMahon's American Gardener 2 25

Mayhew's Practical Book-keeping for Farmers 90

Mechanics' Companion (Nicholson) 3 00

Meehan's Ornamental "Trees 75

Mileson the Horse's Foot 75

Miner's, T. B., Bee-keeper's Manual 1 25

Mohronthe Grape-vine... 1 00

Money in the Garden 1 50

My Vineyard at Lakeview 1 25

My Farm of Edgewood 1 75

My Ten-rod Farm 50

North American Sylva, 5 vols., 150 coh plates, in 30 parts,

" " unbound 60 00

" Half Turkey Antique, gilt 70 OC

" " full " •' 75 00

Nichol's Chemistry of the Farm and Sea 1 25

Norton's, Jehu P., Elements of Scientific Agriculture 75

Norris' Fish-cnllure 1 75

Onion-culture 20

Our Farm of Four Acres 1 25

Packard's Guide to the Study of Insects cloth 6 00

Paul's Book of Roses 60

Paul's Rose Garden 3 00

Paxton's Botanical Dictionary 15 00

Pardee on Strawberry-culture 75

Parkman's Book of Roses 1 50

Parsons, Samuel B., on the Rose 1 50

Peat and its Uses 1 25

Pear-culture, Fields 1 25

P-edder's, James, Farmer's Land-measurer 60

Percheron Horse 1 00

Peterson's Preserving, Pickling and Canning Fruit 50

Phin's Open-air Grape Cultuie. and Wine Making 1 50

Quiun's Pear-culture for Profit 1 00

Quinby's Mysteries of Bee-keeping l^xplained 1 50

Randall's Sheep Husbandry 1 50

Ra-'dall's Fine Wool Sheep Husbandry 1 00

Rand's Bulbs 1 50

Rand's Flowers for Parlor and Garden 3 00

Rand's Popular Flowers and how to Cultivate them 1 25

Rand's Garden Flowers 2 50

Rand's Orchid Culture 3 50

Rand's Rhododendrons i 50

Ropp's Commercial Calculator, clot li $1, Morocco Tuck 2 00

Rose Culturist pap»r 30

Robbins', R., Produce and Ready Reckoner 7r>

Saunders' Domestic Poultry, paper 40 clo'h 75

Saxton's Hand Books, in fourscrios, each

Schenck's Gardener's Text-book

Scribner's Ready Reckoner and Log b ok

S'rong's Cultivation of the Gr.ipe

Ten Acres Enough

Thomas, J. J., Farm Implements

Thomas, J. J., Fruit-culturist ; old cd 9H 00; new p<Mtion,

Ville's Chemical Manures

Warder's American Pomology

" Hedges and Evergreens

Waring's Drainage for Profit and H.alth

" Elements of Agriculture

" Earth Closets

Webster's Dictionary, Unabridged

Well's Everv Man his own Lawyer

Williams, B. S., on Stove & Greenhouse Plants, 2 vuls., Ill'd

Williams, B. S., on Select Ferns and Lycopods

Williams, B. S., Orchid Grower's Manual

Window Gardening

White's Gardening for the South

" Cranberry Culture

Wood's Class Book of Botany

Workingnian's Way to Wealth

Wright's Practical Poultry Keeper

Youatt on the Horse

Youman's Household Science...-

1 50
75
30
3 00
1 50
1 .50
3 75
1 25
3 00
1 50
1 50

1 00
50

12 oe

2 00
5 00
2 50
2 ,50

1 50

2 00

1 25

3 50
75

2 00

1 75

2 OU

24

/ ■///•; // ( ) A' rn y v. tuka l a d \ hr tiser.

21

10

IT)

4

ilf

11

1(1

10

II

12

14

5

T

9

11

\\

r'-lcal

12

11

15

11

20

6

2

9

14, 24

11

1, 11

Index to Advertisements.

AilvolliSfrsiuv itiiiicsM lu hate (inlnn in liuiul tw KaiilA' as
PossiHLE. Ciipfi m-i-ireil (i,flfr tin- iiUl nf eni-h month cannot lir
iNsi'KKl) insfttion in tin' next issue.
Agents Joiinuil, Ni'w York, ....

Alkni S. I.. & Cii.. Hliilu<l<-ipliia. Va.,
Altorfer GL-rold, WcM chchtLT, Pa., . . .
Anu'i-icaii Journal of Mitroccoi).v, Now York city,
Anu-rican StL■a^)^lli^l Co., I'liilaiUiplna, I'a.,
y^jcr & Son, PliiiacU'liiliia ....

Barker Daniel, Norlolk. Va., ....

Barley John \V., Platt;<l>ur^', New York,
Baversdorfer M. M. & Co., I'liiliul-lphiji,
Beilevue Nursery Co., Patert-oii, N. J.,
Benson, Burpee & Co., I'liilail.-lpliiii. Pa.,
Blaek K. J., Bremen, Kairlield Co., O.,
Bliss 15. K. & Sons, 'New York,

Brennenian W. II. llnrrishurg, Pa

Bridtxenmn .Mired, New York,

Husst P., Philadelpliia, Pa., ....

Bush John S., New York,

Butz I'aul & Sou, New Castle, Pa.,
Cadwalader K. F., Louisburp, Kansas,
Calhoun J. B., Ciiica<»o. Illinois,
Carpenter S. P. New Roehelle. .New Yoik.
Carson Win. H., New Y'ork, ....

Chidester, W. H., New York city, ,

Clark J., New Y'ork,

Cole Levant, Parnesville, Ohio,
Collinri John S., Moorestowu, N. J., .
Continental Publishinir Co., Cincinnati.

Dick John, Pliiladeliihia,

Dingee & Conrad Co., West Grove, J'a., .

Dinglestedt & Co., New Y'ork, ....

Dreer II. A., Philadelphia, Pa.,

Elder Walter, Philadelphia, . , . .

Ellwanger & Barry, Ml. Hope Nurseries, Rochestu

Ferry, 1). M. & Co., Detroit, Mich , .

Fletcher R. S., New York, ....

Gibson & Bennett, Woodbury, New Jer.sey,

Gregory James J. 11.. Marblehead, Mass. .

llarper"& Brothers, New Y'ork,

Harris VVm. K., Philadelphia,

Henderson Peter «fe Co., New Y'ork. .

Hewes A. H. & Co., Cambridge, Mass.,

Hitcliiugs & Co., N'-w Y'ork,

Hoopes, Bro. & Thomas, West Chester, Pa„

Hubbard T. 8., Fredonia, N. Y'.,

Hudson J. K., Top«'ka, Kansas,

Husted J. B., Nassau, N. Y'., ....

Iowa Land Co., Chicago, Illinois, ...

Jenkins, J. AVinona, Ohio,

Jongknidt A. M. V., Connick, Tottenham Nurs., Dede

Kelsey Fred. W., Rochester, New York,

Laudreth David & Sons, Philadelphia,

Leroys Andre, Angers, France,

Lonsdale Edwin, Gerraantown, Phila,,

Lord's Horticultural Works, Irvington-ou-the Hudsc

Lynex R., Philadelphia,

Marot Chas. H., Philadelphia, Pa., . . 6,20,
Meehan Thomas, Germantown Nurseries, Pliila.,
Merrell & Coleman, Geneva, New .York,
MerrJani G. & C. Springfield, Mass.,
Merrimack Machine Vn , Newburyport, Mass.,
Miller & Hayes, Mt. Airy Nurserier, Phila.,
Miner T. B., Linden, New Jersey,
Nimmo Alex.. Brooklyn, N. Y'.,
Nordyke C. A., Richmond, Ind.,

Paillet L., Chatenev, France

Parsons R B. & Co., Flushing. N. Y'.,
Parsons & Sons Co., Flushing, N. Y'.,

Farrv William, Cinnaminson, N. J

Penfield Ch-rles R., Lockport. New York,

People's Journal, Portland, Me.,

Phillips J. T. & Son, West Grove, Chester Co.,

Raoux C, New Y'ork,

Reed Geo. I. & Co., Nassua, N. Y'.,

Roberts Josiah A., Malvern, Pa.,

RoeE. P., Cornwall-on-Hudson, N. Y., . ,

Rolker .\ugust & Sons, New York,

Saul John, Washington, D.C., ....

Scientific Farmer, Boston, Mass.,

Seal Thomas F., L'nionville, Pa.,

Shaw E. I)., Chicopee, Mass., ....

Sked, Paddock & Co., Cleveland, Ohio,

Smith & Butler, Newjjort, R. L, ...

Smith ife Lynch, Boston, Mass

Southern Enterprise, Atlantic, Ga.,

StoiTs, Harrison & Co., Painesville, Lake Co., Ohi^

Strait I on & Storm, New Y'ork,

Sutherland William, Philadelphia, Pa.,

Thorburn J. M. & Co., New York,

Vick James, Rochester, New Y'ork,

15
9

ly-leaf

,'10, 21

f>

1

13

3

8, 12

4

11

4

11

Cover

rt, 9

r-leaf

i-leaf

6

7

7

23, 24

I. 7, 14

4

14

7

R

10

Cover

11

9

24

Cover

4

10
15

in

6

If.

14
5
12
15
Cover

Waterman S. R., Andover, Mast*., 7

Waters James, Watsonville, Cal., IS

We.sl brook & Co. C. W., Wilson, N. C. ... 16

Williams -A. K., Richmond, Ind., 1»

Wright Peter & Sous, I'hiladelpliia, 0

Wyman E. Jr., Rocktord, III., U

li'or SltiintlonH 'Wnntfd, fire ftttge 15,

H. B. Parsons & Co.

offer to buyers of the best Tr<!es and Shrubs a very well
grown stock at low rates, .\iiiong them arv Rhododendrons of
th'; quite hardy sorts, and in quality and price preferable to
imported plants. Also Hardy and Chinese Azaleas, Japan and
Chinese Magnolia?, Hardy and (ireenhouse Roses, grown in
oi)en ground, and at low rates. We invite the attention of

NURSERYMEN AND DEALERS

To our general stock, both Dt-clduoiiM and Kvfrjjr«-«-ii,

which is very large and complete. The raier Everyretim,
as w(dl as the old standard sorts, we grow in large quantity.
Floweriiijf Sliriibs we offer at low rates. Our Purple
Bfffli, grafted from really purple-leaved trees, are very tine.

Our Nursery and (Trt^enhouses being on ground once occu-
pied by the old house of Parsons & Co., visitors will find it
quite accessible from either the Bridge or Main St. Railroad
Stations. Far Catalogues, address,

R. B. PARSONS & CO.,

Uox 99 liittrne A\'e., FliiHliing, iV. 1'.

New Seedling Raspberry

F P DHCQ PRIDE of the
L. r. nUL O HUDSON,

Corii-ivall-oii-tlie-HuiI- of which Chae. Downing says:
soil, Oi-aiige Co., N. Y. "As it now appears, it is the lar-
L'est, finest, best flavored Red Raspberry I have yet seen." Also
l.st I'niniutn titrmcherry Plants by the 100,000. All other Small
Fruits, clioicest kinds, pure, first-class plants. Circulars
describing the newer fruits free to all. Address feb.tf

t .

-

1878. DREER'S GARDKN CAIiENDAR 1878.

contains descriptive and price list of Vegetable, Flower and
Grass Seeds, Plants, Bulbs, Novelties, and every GARDEN
REQUISITE. Illustrated. Mailed free,
feb. HENRY A.:DREER, 714 Chestnut St., Philadelphiu.

AMERICAN FRUIT" CULTURIST.

BY JOHN J. THOMAS.

Practical directions for the Cultivation of Fruit Trees in the

NURSERY, ORCHARD AND GARDEN

Descriptions of the principal American and Foreign varietirs.
Plain Edition, 480 engravings, 511 pages, 12 mo. Price, ?3.00
Mailed post-paid on receipt of price.

fi^-Kxtra KtUtion, 576 pages, heavy paper, line cloth, 508

illu-'trations and chromo frontispiece; mailed, for 83.75.'^i3t

Address CHAS. H. MABOT, 814 Chestnu . St., Philrf

ORNAMENTAL TREES.

By Thomas Meehan.

An American Hand-Book, containing the personal observa-
tions of \he author. 257 pages, 24mo, cloth. Price 75 cts. Sent
by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

CHOICE STOVE UNO GREEIHOOl PLMTS,

By Benj. S. Williams, F. R. H. S.

With descriptions of upwards of eleven hundred species and
varieties. Instructions for their cultivation and mod.'of manat-e-
mL-nt. Illustrated with colored frontispiece and numerous
splendid illustrations. 686 pages, 2 vols., 12mo, cloth. Price
85.00. Sent by mail post- paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT.

814 Chestnut St.. Phila.

THE GARDENER'S MONTHLY

AND

Horticulturist,

Subscribers are requested to send at least one new name with their own, if possible. For
this attention, we will furnish the two at $3.20 for the j^ear.

TWO NEW subscriptions at S3.20 ; five at .$7.00

Responsible Agents wanted— to whom a liberal commission will be allowed, retainable out of
.subscriptions secured and forwarded. We do not hold ourselves responsible for the acts of Bogus
Agents.

Any subscriber who has alreadj^ renewed his subscription and paid $2.10, may order a new
subscriber at rate of $3.20 the two, by remitting the additional .$1.10 to balance, and oblige, with
thanks for past favors and efforts.

All subscribers, at whatever rate, are invited to take advantage of our list of Club Papers on
another page.

CHAS. H MAROT, Publisher, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

.i^i^iE]::^^- i<TT2^^i^^o,

{Late of the Mi-ni of y^imnio & Scollay,)

PATENT IMPROVED HOT WATER BOILERS,

PRIZE MEDAL AND DIPLOMA AWARDED THIS BOILER AT THE
CENTENNIAL EXHIBITION.

IS^ Please seacl for Circular for explanation, etc., before yon make up your mind to purchase elsewhere.

scp 13 1204 Degraw Street, near Nostrand Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.

JAPANESE PERSIMMON,

THE CHOICEST AND MOST POPULAR FRUIT OF JAPAN.

Tlie tri'p is liijj;lily oriiiiiiunliil, isjx-cially in tin' Futl, wlun fliickly mv) nd witli guidon tVnit as linKO ;ik
aj)plfs. ]t isdfscrilx'd as coiiiral or rDiiiul, with flcisli ftncy, ricli and swrct. and citlicr linn <ir s(>t>. acccord-
in;,' to the kind. I'rof. Asa (Jray says, "He wlio lia-s not ta*t<>il KaUi (.lapain'sc I'tM-sininum) lias no coTiccntion
of the caiiahilifiis of the Dinsjiyros p'lins." SVi- luiv«' a limited nnnilMi- ot" uiaftcd sorts to disi)osc <»t this
Wintor at Sl.CXt ea<li for l-ycarOld, and S'-'.OO each for l.'-y«»ar old tnts, with a liliiTal disioiint for larfft' quanti-
ties. They .s«dl well, and ju-rsons in the South lan do nothing better this winter than collect onlers for them.
S«'nd for cin-ulars and engravings. Catalogues free.

PARSONS &, SONS CO. Limited!,

Kixsi'iiii Xtn'scries, Pliislihifi. N. Y.

NEW DEPARTURE.

At the solicitation of many of our friends, we this season, pubhsh our

CATALOGUE ofVEGETABLE, AGRICULTURAL, FLOWER
and TREE SEEDS, together with ALL THE NOVELTIES OF

THE SEASON, under one cov^r, FREE TO .4Xi on application,
by mail.

J. M. THORBURN & CO.,

j«°^ in John Street, Xew lor/..

Grape and Seedling Nursery,

WINONA, COLUMBIANA COUNTY, OHIO.

«••» — ■

YOUNG STOCK FOR NURSERYMEN AND PLANTERS.

AMERICAN CHESTNUT, American Linden, Tulip Poplar, Scarlet Maple, 1 to 3 ft., $.3.(10 per 100; $20.00 pei lOOO.
PYRUS J A PON ICA, *-'alyca<itlius Floridus Magnolia ac, Cornus Florida, (Dogwood,) 1 to 2 feel, $.\iiii p.-i- t"(- «4ti(i(i

per 10(HJ.

SUGAR MAPLE, Iron-wood and White Ash, 1 to 2 ft., $1 .00 per 100; $6.00 per 1000.
and American Beech Seedlings, 4 to 8 hi., $1.00 fter 1060.
" " 6 to 12 in., $2.50 per 1000.

CONCORD CRAPE, vines for transplanting, SIO.OO per lOOO.
" Medium, No. 1, $15.00 per lOOO.
'■ " " Extra, No. l, $20 per lOOO.

" " " 2 years, $25.00 per 1000.

EVERGREENS. Norway, White and Scotch Pines, twice tp., 10 to 20 in., $3.00 per loo; $20.00 ))cr 1000.
NORWAY SPRUCE, Hntsam and American Silver fir, 10 to 20 in., twice tp., $5.00 jxt .00; $40X(0 per 1000.
AMERICAN ARBOR VIT>E and Weeping Spruce, 5 to 9 in., once tp., $7.00 per lOOO.

" " 2 ft.. twice tp., nursery, $.\00 per 100; $10.00 per 1000.

IRISH JUNIPER and sib. Arhor Vita>, tp., 4 to 8 in., $5.00 periOO ; $40.00 per 1000. Arbor Vitw, Golden Compacta and

(iloliot^n. $>.0(i pir 1(10; $75.00 per 1000.
APPLE SEEDLINGS Choice No. 2, large enough to graft, f8.B0 per lOOO.

THE SUGAR MAPLE, admired for its beauty and goiTa;eon8 autumn colors, we make a .specialty of furnishing
in quantity. 'Jhc trees should be cut back near the ground on removal, when they throw up a new. vigorous shoot, like
the Peach. Our largest customers have us cut them back at the nurnery, reducing the e.xpense of freights, hnndlinj; and
packing.
Sugar Maple, 2 to 4 ft., cut back, $8.00 per 1000.
4 to 6 ft., " $1.V00 per 1000.
6 to S ft.. " $23.0(» per 1000.

THE ART OF PROPAGATION, '>y •!• Jenkins; r Hard Bo )k for Nnwerymen. Flori't."?, Gardeners and Farmers,
amply illustrated, post-paid lor w its.; or sunt free with first order of $l(i.OO, nr npwardc. .\ddrv;sB

fiti-3 'W"i3sroisr.A., c;<d-l.tjj^jzxa.tsta. go., ohcio.

T*! 'S^

W-

^

gl

fSr

;\^^

t^l

^

isJ

^^a

VCJNr

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VK 11

w.

- ^vl

Vol. XX. No. 231.

(Combinea Magazines, Thirty-third Year.)

MARCH, 1878.

PUBLISHED BY CHARLES H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.
TERMS-3.10 PEH YEAR-POSTAGE PAID.

fi

'o

The Gardener's Monthly

AND HORTICULTURIST.

EDITED BY THOMAS MEEHAN,

Assietcd by an Hblo Corps ot AMKHICAN uiid KOUEIQN ("OURKSPONDENTS.

It is published on the first of every month, at the office, No. 814 CHESTNUT STREET,
PHILADELPHIA, where all Business communications should he addressed.

Conininnieations for the Editor should be addressed : Thomas Mkkiian, (iKUMAKTOWX.Philada.

SUBSCRIPTION PRICE, Postage paid, $2.10.
TERMS OF ADVERTISING.

*col.

^Col.

i col.

^rol.

icol.

1 col.

t patie.

One Time,

S3 00

$4 00

96 00

$8 00

«ia 00

$a4 00

948 OO

Two to Three Times, «>ach,

2 70

3 GO

5 40

7 ao

10 80

ai 60

43 ao

Four to Six Times, "

a as

3 00

4 .'>0

6 00

9 00

18 00

36 00

Seven to Nine Times, "

a 00

a 70

4 OO

5 35

8 00

16 no

3a OO

Ten to Twelve " "

1 80

a 40

3 60

4 80

7 ao

14 40

as 80

Twelve lines nonpariel is J^ col. A less ppace than V col. will be furnisher* at rates in exact proportion, line for line.

For TBIKU and LAST COVER PAGES ; FIRST PAGE advertisement /acmj; reading matter; "FLY-LEAF PAGE" (front
of number) before reading matter and/oci/i^ tirat cover— special figures will be given on application.

C^OPYand orders for NEW advertisements should be on hand by the 2iid of each month; and CHANGES of COPY in
running contracts by the 16th of each month, to in-mre them in the following issue. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT, Publisher, 814 Chestnut St., Philadelphia.

CONTENTS OF
SEASONABLE HINTS:

Flower Garden and Pleasure Ground

Greenhouse and House-Gardening

Fruit and Vegetable Gardening

CORRESP( )NDENCE :

RibnonBeds

The Ivy in New England

The German and the American Globe Arbor Vitses..

The Rapid Progress of our Horticulture r..

Rhododendron Occidentalis and Pickeringia Mon-
tana

Additional Notes on the Ailanthus

Browallia Roezli

Orchids with other Plants

Disease of the Marechal Niel

Antipodal Hyacinths

Tuberous-Rooted Begonias Again

Anthurium Schertzerianum

Fruit Notes from California

The Diospyros Kakl or Japanese Persimmon ~'.

Lime for Apple Orchards ,.

Quercus Phellos and Q. Falcata

The Eucalyptus

Barrenness in the Fig Tree

Notes from Oregon

The Eucalyptus and Therapeutics

Plant Protection

Southeastern Kansas Horticultural Society

EDITORIAL NOTES :

The Oriental Spruce— The Trees of Washington-
Oak Hill Cemetery, Upper Sandusky. Ohio— Public

Parks in England— Standard Ennonymus

Stephanotis Floribnnda — Winter Decorative Plants

—A New Fashion in Cut Flowers

New English Gooseberries— Grafting Reoted Fyes
—Carter's Blue Apple— Apples for Missouri— East
India Millet— The Northern Spy Apple— Blight-
Proof Stocks — Neglecting Orchard Trees

Yellow Pine- The Spanish Chestnut— Willow Bark
The Cinchona in .Jamaica— Rapidity of Timbf.T
Growth— Eucalyptus Fire Wood —Willows for Rail-
road Ties

THE MARCH NUMBER.

6t>-66
71

77-78

66-(!7
t>7
67

67-68

68

68

68-69

71

72

72

72-73

73-74

78-79

9-80-Sl

81

83-84

84

85-86

86

86 87

90-91

95

69
74-76

Carnivorous Plants — Fungi and Disease — Liberian
Coffee— Dwarf .June Berry- Submerged Roots in
Winter— What is a fruit— Malformed Apple Blos-
BomB— Jumping Beans of Mexico— Light for Tropi-
cal Plants — The Potato Beetle in Europe

European Notes, by the Editor— The Gardener's
Monthly and no Garden — Melbourne Botanic Gar-
den— Andrew Murray — Transactions of the Ne-
braska State Horticultural Society — Proceedings of
the Worcester County Horticultural Society, Mass.,
for 1878 — The London Florist and Pomologist-
Vick's Illustrated Catalogue- Vegetable Plants —
Correspondence Botanique — Mound Making Ants of

the AUeghanies

Col. M P. Wilder— Ohio Horticnltnral Society-
Montgomery (Ohio) Horticultural Society

NEW OR RARE PLANTS:

Pentstemon Cobcea — Erynginm Leavenworthii —

Spira;a Palmata Elegans— Daphne Fortunei

Semi-double Gloxinios — Centaurea Oloinonfii —
Cuphea Roezli — New Gerarjiums

NEW OR RARE FRUITS, VEGETABES, *c-.

Teosinte Reaua Luxurians

FORESTRY

NATURAL HISTORY AND SCIENCE

LITE R ATURE, TRAVELS AND PERSONA L NOTES,

HORTICULTURAL SOCIETIES

SCRAPS AND QUERIES:

Stocks for Grafting — Worm on the Juniper- Is

Aspidistra Lnreda Hardy

Hyacinth Bloominjr— Butterfly Flowfers- Flowers
in Milwaukee — Double White Oleander— Aspect of

a Greenhouse

Cuttings in Arkansas — Fall Blooming of Apple
Trnes- Scribner Spitzenbutg Apples — Fruit-Cul-
ture for Market— Pruning the Old Canes of Rasp-
berries—Outside Grape Borders— Linseed Oil for

Pear Trees

The Construction of a Tree— The Ironwood— The
Cinnamon Vine —

91-94
96-96

69-70-
76-76

8^
83-84
85-8T
90-91
9.^-96

82-83
89-90.

EXTRACT FROM OUR WROLESHLE PRICE LIST

OF

FLOWER BASKETS,

iHS guAiiiv or oiia make nm thai or m mil ih m karsei,
WHEAT. OATS AND GRASS TRIM MED -Our Make.

{[Ill * ) 6 7 8 ^}i 11 12 13 14 in. (liam
W jj Oval Handle, No. 111,^ — ^ __

"^'"'' ) 30c. 45c. 60c. 75c. $1.25 $1.50 $1.75 $2.00 each.

) 5 6 7 in. diameter.

Round Handle, No. 154, >

j 50c. 65c. 80c. each.

I^ong, boat-sliaped, ivKli handle, No. 103, > "

j 26c. 38c. 50c. 65c.
^5lMJ/wlll^#> Square Stand, -tvitli handles crossing, No. 108, @ 75c, $1.00 and 1..^ each.

Sheaf Baskets, No. 129, @ $1.00, 1.25, 1.50 and 1.75 each.
r^==^-.^^^^^^^l^^2^^j^^'^l_ Funeral Sheaves, No. 113, @ $1.00 and 1.25 each.

Crndle Baskets, No. W, @ 76c., $1.00, 1.25, 1.50 and 1.76 each.

«^r-i'^'a\»«vx\w.Jv///f^^X' Small Crib, No. 1.^3, @ 35c. each. Large Crib Basket, very eleeant No 143

w/iia BUBX x!J^, //inwwwx (4 $i.oo each. a . ■

Temple Stands, @, $1.00, 1.50, 2 00, 2.75 and 8.00 each.

And Many Other Beautiful De.sufnti.

V/HITE AND aiLT-Best Make.

„._,.-,, ] 7 8><^ 10 11 13 inche.s in diameter.

Konnd Dishes, No. 1, ....... .K. each.

j 40c. 60c. 60c. 70c. 86c. each"

» 1 n. 1. XT o ) 8 10 12 14 16 inches long.

Oval Dishes, No. 2, ---- . . . .y »

j 40c. .55c. 70c. 90c. $1.10 each.

<> . u .11 XT o \ ^}4 IXi 9 11 inches. Gipsy style.
Oval Handle, No. 3, ---..-.. .\. '^ ■' •'

) 30c. 35c. 40c. 60c. each.

,,,.„, ) 8 9 10 11 inches. Fancy style.
" " No. 4, - - - - - - - - -J- •' •'

) 70c. 80c. 90c $1.00 each.

„ „ *) 7>^ 9 11 inches. Low style, very -,'ooel.

j 60c. 63c. 76c. each.

Aufl any other Style in fJiis Line.

IMPORTED NATURAL WICKER.

Round Dish, or Oval, Nos. 503 and 604, - .1—1 i _L _^ IL inches in diameter.

I 76c. $1.00 1.20 1.40 1.76 2 00 per doz.

tj . «, -.r. 1 .. ^T ...r. } ^^ ^ ^^'' * *^^ 6 5><^ 6 7 8 inches in diameter.

Swiss Moss or Violets, No. 609, - V « »»i.»i»ci.

j 36c. 4(jc. 50c. 60c. 76c. 90c. $1.10 1.30 2.00 2.50 per doz.

And all other leading styles in great variety. We mail Illustrated Sheet and Price List, free to the trade, on application.

Immortelles, white and colored, a $4.,'*0 per doz. Tinfoil, at Id cents per ponnd.

Frime Stuffed Pigeons, flying, a $2.00 earh. Bufter/lies, OOe. per bojc of ten.

Florists' Supplies in Full Variety— Seeds and Bulbs, Address,

AUGUST ROLKER ^ SONS,

44 Dey Street, New York.

TheAttention of Market Gardeners

and piivati' liiiuilii'.s who nii.sf CABBAGE '^ invittd t<i llu- .superior .sorts it'CiMitly intro-
duced by iw. Sown In liot-lu-ds in I'cliniai \ , In ;i(ls <ii' ixtninrdinnry size arc* obtained in .Inne,
cxt/Cndini,' to July aiul An^'ust. For a in;irki't crop nolliin^j; of tln' kii.d ((jual.^ Iheni.

Landrsta's Eural Rs^ister and Alnianac for 1&7S,

('(Hifainhiff I'rice Jji.st, tciH he tnoUtuI J'rcv on ff/tj>/irafion.

DAVID LANDRETH & SONS,

Warehouse, Nos. 21 and 23 S. Sixth St., Philadelphia.

mar.l8

My annaal Catalogue of Vc-xctalilc- and Flower Seeds for 1878,
rich in ennraviiigi>, will be scDt KhKK to all who apply. Cu^-
tomere of lai>t 8i;a8on need not wri'e for it. I offer one of tin;
largest collections of vegetable seeds ever sent out by any seed
house in America, n la'-cv portion of which were grown on my
six seed farms. J^inM dirertiann/or niitiiatio7j on each pack-
age. All seed warranted to be both f re.-h »nd true to name ; so
far, that should it prove otherwise I will refill the order gratis.
BTew Vegelabl«-»i a i'|M-cialty. As the original introducer
of the Hubbard Squash, Plinney's Melon, Marblehead Cah-
bagf.t, Mexican Corn. I offer ►everal new vegetables this
season, and invite the pntromige of all who are aju/f)".s U) hare
their seed directly /rem tite grover, fresh, true, and of the eery
best atrairi.
decs JAMES J. H. GREGORY, ]>Iar1>len<-ad, Mass.

NURSERYMAID

There lia:< long l)een a deni'iud in the Nnr.sery bu^ines.. (or
some ni'-ans by which customers can have sehxted the liEiST
sto. k from HK^PUNSIP.LE NUHJ-EKUS. depend upon I's
being WELIAIil.K, and furnished iit KKASONABLK PUICKS.
This is a SI'EcIALTV of my business, and being in constnut
correspondence with nurseiymen here and in Europe, ray
facilitien for furn'shinsr ALi- VARIETIES of line TKEE.S,
SHHUBS and PLAN IS are UNEQUALED. This has given
me much of the best business in Hie c.ouniry ol I'arUs, Ceme-
teries and private et-tatt^s, the furnishing of w hieh 1 n ake a
specially. Kiferences of this character ir desired. Descrip-
tive catalogue with colored plate, inc.; to customers without
charge. Circulars free.

Address, FKED. W. KELSEY,

1^, I, ........ X. Y.

DIRECTORY

of 1877-78.

A reference book of the NurserynKni, Florists, Seedsmen, Tree
Dealers, &c., for the United States. Alphabetically arraag' d by
Slates and Post Offices. .SIO pages, 8vo. Price $10.00. Mailed
post-paid, on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS, H. MAROT,

814 Cliestunr St., Phila.

THE BELLEVUE NURSERY CO.,

PATERSON, NEW JERSEY,

NOW^OFFER

T7-E:E£BE3Sr-^S - - ^3.00 per lOO.
GERANIUMS AND PELARGONIUMS

In 100 VaHeties, and Millions of other Plants at equally

Low Prices.

Orders should be addressed to the Company, and not to II. E. Cliitty,
■wiio is no longer in its employ. Catalogues sent on receipt of stamp, jan.3

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTLSER.

ALL THE NEW PLANTS OF THE SEASON

Our
I Combined

SEEDS

CATALOGUE

for

1878

EVERYTHING

FOR THE

RGARDEN

Numl)enug 175 pag

SENT

with Colored Plate,

FREE

r OUR . '•

PECiAi LIST OF PLANTS BULBS &C.FOI

To onr cuBtomers of past years, and to
all purchasers of our books, either

GARDENING FOR PROFIT,

PRACTICAL FLORICULTURE,

Or GARDENING FOR PLEASURE,

(Price $1.50 each, prepaid, by mail,)

To others, on receipt of 25c.

Plain Plant IT Seed Catalos^ues, without

Plate, free to all.

IPETERHENDERSON&CO.

I Seedsmen^ Market Gardeners and Florists,
35 Corllandt St., New York.

PLANTS

SPECIAL LIST OF SEEDS ROOTS &G. FOR

MarketGaracRers.

OUR

SPECIAL listofVEGETABLEandFLOWERSEEDS FOR

SEED DEALERS.

— ^ — •— .

PBTERjffENDE/tSOJSrd'Co.

JJCortJanatSt

All the Hew "VegetalDle and Flower Seeds.

Froit and Ornamental Trees

SHRUBS, ROSES * PLANTS,

Gentlemen improving their grounds, Orchardists, Landscape Gardeners. Nuisfr\ men and
Dealers in Trees, will find our stock of

FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES,

the largest, and the collection the most extensive and complete in the United States. Full par.
ticulars given in the following Catalogues, which will be sent to our old customers frek, to others
who enclose stamps, as below :

No. 1.— FRUITS, 60 pages with Colored Plate, 15 Cts.; plain, 10 Cts.

No. 2.-ORNAMENTAL TREES, Shrubs, Evergreens, Roses, Etc., 124

pages, 50 illustrations, and a fine colored plate of Hydrangea panicu-

lata grandiflora, 25 Cts.
No. 3.-GREEN and HOT-HOUSE and BEDDING PLANTS, FREE.
No. 4.- WHOLESALE, FREE.
No. 5.-CATAL0GUE of ROSES with colored plate, 10 Cts., plain FREE.

ELLWANGER & BARRY,""°^SI^°^/.^^^^^^'"'

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

ACIiapteronRoses

rOH FLOmSTS t dealees oitly.

We are ROSE CROWERS-not Florists. OUR GREAT SPECIALTY
is GROWING and DISTRIBUTING ROSES. As we have now ready for
the Spring trade 40 LAIiGE HO USES CliO WDEI) FULL OF JIOSFS,

it follows that we can offer purchasers the best possible inducements in
Prices, Quality of Plants and Choice of Varieties.

The low xn'Ue and exceUent (jualifij of our Hoses,
together with our lUyeral and satisfactorij way of dolmj
business, are fast eonvineinfj Florists erery where that it
pays better to buy Hoses of as than to grow them, jntr-
ticivlarly where house-room is searee and glass needed
for other piir poses.

SIZE AND QUALITY.-The Roses we offer are EXTRA STRONG,
VIGOROUS, WELL-ESTABLISHED PLANTS. Size, grown in 3 in. pots,
the best for Florists' use.

As our Roses are grown in ordinary fertile soil, without manure of
any kind, they have an abundance of well matured fibrous roots, re-
quire no petting, but are ready to make rapid growth as soon as shifted,
and are exactly what Florists and Market Gardeners want to buy for
Spring sales.

SELECTION OF VARIETIES.-We grow the most desirable sorts in
such large quantity that, except in special cases, we can usually give
Florists their choice of varieties without increase in price.

HOW PACKED.— The Plants are taken from the pots and the earth
carefully removed from the roots, which are then nicely puddled,
wrapped in damp moss and packed in tight boxes lined with paper. In
this ujay l*Un\ts are preserved in perfeet f/roirinf/ eomUtion <ind travel
at lowest possible cost. Can ship with Balls on when desired.

By Express, the purchaser paying Express charges, S7 per hundred,
$60 per thousand. By Mail, postage prepaid by us, S7.50 per hundred,
S64 per thousand.

No Charge for Boxes or Packing. Safe Carriage always guaranteed, whether sent by Express or
Mail. We recommend, however, that Wholesale Orders be sent by Express whenever convenient.
Terms : — Cash with the Order. Descriptive Lists free on application.

Address THE DINCEE & CONARD CO.,

West Grore, Chester Co., Pa.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

^

HITCHINGS & CO.,

No. 233 Mercer Street,

Between Bleecker and West 3d Streets,

NEW YORK.

Offer their very T.arge Stock of

tj

At prices lower than at any time
within the past thirty years.

tt

^Patent Corrugated Fire Box Boilers, =^ J "^
Conical Boilers,

Saddle Boilers and
Base Burning Water Heaters;

Heating Pipes and Pipe Fittings

OF EVERY DESCRIPTION AND SIZE.

S ASH-LIFTIN G- APPARATUS

OF MOST APPROVED FORMS. ©^ ^

Send 6 oenis postage for Catalogue, References
and List of Prices.

GATED JIRE-bOA B^S7\\

X

=^^i

?rT^

THE nOKTJCULTURAL ADVER'IJSEK.

M- M. BAYERSDORFER^$c CO.,

56 North Fourth Street,

PHILADELPHIA, PA.

\\V hcii to rail flu- attention of the WHOLESALE and RETAIL TRADE in
! FLORISTS' GOODS o our well assorted stock for the Fall season:

BOQUET PAPER (Italiens,)

Ji 111 n Wliite Ednes, Gold and Silver Edges, Pasted Cartoons, White Satin for Bridal
H. (|iRts. Fancty Luce Papers for Wedinj^s, Receptions and Parties.

IMMORTELLES,

(Original l)uiiches, selected by one of our firm.) White
and all culots.

DRIED GRASSES AND FLOWERS,

111 i:u;it varieties and btyles; very suitable lur ornamental purposes.

BASKETS,

HruVMi varnislied Willow baskets. Wheat Straw and White Gilt Baskets.

ORNAMENTAL GRASS BOQUETS,
FRENCH GREEN MOSSES,

TIN FOIL, Best in Market,

WIRE DESIGNS for CUT FLOWERS.

Prize Medal of Cincinnati Industrial Kxpo?ition of 1873; Medal and Diploma of International
Exposition of 1877. ^^For best dinplay of Boquet Paptrs." Wtew^'

Send orders early in Fall. Illustrated Catalogue furnished gratis on application. t.aug.tf

AUGUST RdLKER ^ SONS,

P. 0. Box 899.

44 Dey St., New York.

WHOLESALE DEALERS IN

FLORISTS' SUPPLIES

■ ''■-^\A^x^ such as Bouquet Papers, Cutflower Designs, Baskets, Foil,
Y}^'iMM}^.^ (trasses, Moss, Bulbs, etc., etc.

Extract from their^Wholesale Price-list of Bouquet Papers :

p/^STEDr!CARTONS in X gross packages', measure includes lace

''i.'j ■i>j 't- *X 5 5>4 6 7 8 9 inches diameter*

80 $L00 1.50 '2.00 2.35 2.75 3.25 3.75 4.i50 per gross.

IT-A-LIA-IsTS.

In 1-12 gross packages, mcaenre exclusive of lace.
^)4 2>ir 3 3)4 4 4)4 5 5j<i 6 6)4 inches diameter.

$2 60 3.60 4.00 4.50 5.00 5..50 6.25 6.75 7.28 8.00 per gross.
26 35 40 45 .^0 .W 65 70 76 80 " dozen.

Ne'*v Round Sliape, _ _ - -

Star Shape, _ - - - -

Gold aiiU Silver, - - - - -

24 Scolloped AVhtte _ _ - -

L.ace and »atln Holders at $1.50 each; of paper imitation lace, new, $2.00 per dozen.
Bouquet liaudles 60 cents per dozen ; mourning bows $1.00 per dozen; sUU rrlnge:$1.00 per yard.
Catalogue mailed free to the trade only.

1 .50 55 65 75 85

40 60 60

2.00 2.25 2..50 2.75 3.00

95 1.10 1.25

dozen.

rach 2

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

NEW COLEUS,

MONTICOLOR AND PICTUS.

These are not hvbrirls from our giirdeii varieties, but a new species from tlie Duke of York Island. Tliey are very attractive,
and distinct irom anything that lias been introduced belore. ilonticolor (sent out by Mr. Veitch) foliage bold and deeply
lacirriated. Curiously niarked und spotted with red and yellow on a chocolate ground. Sometimes the entire leat becomes
bright red.' Very fine. Price .')ii cents each.

Pictus (sent out by Mr. Bull). This differs from Monticolor by the ground-work of the foliage being bright green, instead
of chocolate brown, \vhich gives it a very distinct appearance. They are both novelties of first-class. Price 50 cents each;
$5.00 per dojien.

New ColeusSplendens, improvement on Vershafeltii, being much brighter. Good bedder. Price 25 cents eac'i ; $2.00 per doz.

New Fuchsia, Vox Populi, Double White Corolla, Scarlet Sepals. Early and of excellent hal)it. Price 50 cents each;
$5 00 per dozen.

New Double Geranium Jeaunie Reid. See description in the Feb. Gardener's Monthly. Price $l.(iO each ; $9.00 per doz.

The following are new. of last year's importations and home [ Carnations, S4 per 100.
production ; they are first class. Price. $4. per doz., $20 per 100. I Chrysanthemums. $,5 per 100.
Admiration. Annie Montel, Augusta, Villaume. Bichop Wood, | Coleus, bet^t varinties, S5 per 100.
Cliamele'>u,' Henry Benrer, .Madame Kevore, Madume Thibaut, Centain-t a Candida $7 per 100.
Victor Hugo, Noemie, Venus, Madeline, W. Fancourt; als> a 1 (^yninocarpa. JO per JiXi.
large collection of the best bedding and market varieties at $S Dianthus Alba Montiflora, new, $10 per 100.
per 100. , I Ditmthus Querteri, $<) per 100.

Geranium, Hapjiy Thought, $2 per doz., $15 per 100. i Fuchsias. $6 per lUO.

Double Jvy-Leaf Geranium, King Albert, $/f per doz., $10 Funkia. the White Day Lily, $3 per doz.
per 100. Heliotropes, $5 per 100.

Double Sweet Alyssitm, $6 per 100. Lantai as, $ti per 100.

I'Ouble Petunia.*, ST per 100. ! Plumfiago Capensis, $6 perlOO.

Alter.nanthas, $4 per 100. | Stenotaphrum, Globerum variety, n-ew, $2 per doz.

Argeratums, .■g.5 per 100. l Verb-n;is, S3 per lOi).

Caladiums, 12 named varieties, large bulbs, $3 per doz. I Violets, Maria Louisa, $4 per 100.

The above qnotation is for the months of February and March only. C plants of one kind or class at dozen rates
■55 plants at 100 rates. No order shipped from this list for a less amount than $.■). • For smaller amounts and greater varieties
«ee Catalogue, mailed to all on applic.ilion. Terms, cash w'ith the order.

K. HARRIS, Kingsessmg Nurseries,

feb.i2. 6501 Darby Iload, Philadelphia,

AUGUS'GD ROLKEIl & SONS,

4:4 JDBY Sl\, NEW YORK.

Keep constantly on hand the largest and best assorted stock of

FLORISTS' SUPPLIES

in this country, in the best make and quality. Baskets of all styles, Wire Designs, Bouquet-
papers, Immortelles, etc., furnished to the trade at reasonahle rates.

IMPORTEHS OF SEEDS AUD BULBS.

Supply the tnide with retail packets of choice and fresh Flower and Garden Seeds at special
rates.

This Spring's importation of Standard Koses offered in fine specimens.

Notice. — Send for our special import figures on Dutch and other bulbs, etc., for the coming
rseason.

^"See our advcrtisetnent on title page..^

mch 2

rilF. HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

The Inoependent,

In its 30th Year.

Well and favorably known the World Over as
the BEST Religious Weekly Newspaper.
It Retains all its Most Desirable Fea-
tures and adds New Ones.

COOK'S LECTUHES.

Th(i!'e famous Lecturen, dflivored in Honton every Mouday,

"^' Rev. JOSEPH COOK,

are pnblisbed in fall, together with the introductory remarks.

PREMIUMS!

We offer Kev. Joseph Cook'8 valnaf)le new volumes, entitled

II

BIOLOG!" and "IBINSCENDENmiSM

II

CBil)odying, in a revised and corrected form, the author's last
■winter'^ remarkaljle Monday Lectures. They are published in
handsome book form, with colored illustrations, by JikMES K.
Os(»ooD ife Co., of Boston.

We will mail a copy of either volume, postpaid, to every
Bnbs<Tiher to 'I"ue Indkpendknt who remits us $H for a year
Ml advance ; or any subscriber may remit $5..')0, and we will
send him The Independent for two years, in advance, and
both volumes, postpaid.

Worcester's Unabridged

Pictorial Ouarto Dictionarj.

Bound in Sheeq), 1854 Pages, over 1,000
Illiisti-ations, Issue of 187S.

RETAIL PRICE,

$10.00.

We have made a special contract with the great publishing
bouse of J. B. Lii'PiNCOTT & Co., of Philadelphia, by which
we are enabled to ofler the most desirable Premium ever given
by any newspaper in the country. We will send this Die.
tionary ta any person who will send us the nsmes of Three Sno
Hubiu-riherH and Aine Dollars; or who will, on renewing his
own (iubscriiition, in advunce. send us Tiro Aeir Sames addi-
tional and $9.10; or who will renew his own subscription for
three years, in advance, and send us $9.00; or for t ne^v sub-
scriber for three years and $9.0(t.

The liictiunary will be delivered at our offlce. or in Philadel-
phia, free, or be sent by express or otherwise, as may be
•rdered, from Philadelphia, at the expense of the subscriber.

The Subscriber under this offer will not be entitled to any
other Premium.

SuTDscription Price, $3 per Annum

IM ADVANCE.

fc^ Specimen copies (giving full descriptions of other very
valuable Premiums) sent free.

Address THE INDEPENDENT,

JP. O. Box 2787. New York City.

Landscape Gardeners,

SMITH & BUTLER,
Newport, Rhode Island.

Plans and estimates given for any part of the country,
nov 1 2

GRAND TRIUMPH IN HORTICULTURE.

The crowning result of h:iglttfifn yearn of cure and toll —
KKLTON'8 NEW BKHKII':,S.

The Cinderella&t\A Cont.rwnrai HTI{.\WHKHKIEH and Karly
Prolific and Jtelianct U.\SPBKKKIK;S are now off.rid to the
Publii'; Tee'e<l Nine years, and in our judgment the Four licU
I'ai/infj Uarket HerrieM. Catalogue and Price 1, 1st Fret.

(ilBSON & BKNNKin', Nurserymen and Krult (irowers,
feb 2 Woodbury, S. J.

AVER & SON'S m'EB.

ii. -

A rompleteKnido tondvertiwrs. AVir llniniji)
A necBKHitytu nil who advertise. InuiKidle (ummnr iil.
—The most completo .ind reliable work of tlio k^ml.
I'iitnliurii Gaze.'/i". — .Sent I'ri'e to nil who iidvertiffi.

NU/ AVKR AdvertiMiiig TIMKS BUILDINO,

(Jet <uir liHfiiiinle bwfore making any advertisina
i-mtncta. Our businp-is ia Irirge. Fai'ilitios uiuur-
passed. Price:! the luwuat. Terma the best.

THE AMERICAN

Steamship Company of Philadelphia. Philadelohia & I.iverpoo
Line. The only '1 rans-Atlantic line sailing under the Amerl-
cau Fla^;. Sailing every Thursday from Philadelphia, and
Wednesday from Liverpool.

The Red Star Line.

Carrying the Belgian and United states Mails. Sailing every
tvreive days, alternately from Philadelphia and New York.
Direct and only

TO ANTWERP.

The American and Ked Star Lines being under one manage-
ment, Excursion tickets are good to return by either, thus .sav-
ing the expense and anni^yance of re-crossine the Channel.

For rates of passaee and general information apply to
apltf I'ETJilt WRIGHT & SO^S, yhi'l, Geii'l Agts,

INTEEMTIONAL EXHIBITIOIT

PHILADSLl'HIA, 1S76,

JUDGES' REPORT. February Iff, ISTT.

John Dick's Patent Boiler for Heating
Greenhousea — a pnze M«dal whs wwanied for it8
adapiHliility lor the consumptiou of Wood, Coal or
C<k<', and its cheap aud its economic arrangement
for the purpose aptcificd.

W. D. Breckknridgk, Judge.
Approved by the Group of Judges.— Gko. 'ibubbkr, W. Saun-

DXR8, F. PBNT1.AND.

Economy, .Ssimplicity and Durability. Testimonials from
those who use it. My trade Catalogue of Plants is now ready-
and will be focwarded free.

JOHN DICK, Florist,

nov6 53(1 6i, Darby Roctd, PbUa.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

arCT^3E3]E1L<3SE3S.

60.000 of the FiueHt and Largettt Double '1 uborose Bulbs
hi the market can be furuinbed at the followiug verjr 1o\t
rates if orderetl at once : Doz. KM) 10(K)

First Quality Large Powering Bulbs, T5c. $H.50 $-20.00

Second " .... 50 2 50 15.00

Few Hundred Extra Large BuDiB, $1.00 4.60

I>warf Pearl, first quality, 1.00 7.0»

Larger qualities at special wholeeale rates to the trade. Cat-
i^ognes free on application. PAUL BUTZ & SON,

feb 3 "Croton Floral Gardens," New Castle, Penn.

GRAPE CULFUR/VLIST.

By Andrev/ S. Fuller.

A treatise on the Cultivation of the Native Grape Illu.strated.
280 pages, IJrao, cloth. Price $1.50. Sent by mail post-paid on
receipt of price.

Address CHAS H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Pbila.

I lie. iL."^3^E]:2^,

Rear of 428 Walnut Street, Philadelphia.

j Manufacture of PLAIN and FANCY V.'IltE-WOKK, for FLO-
1 KISTS ; Wreaths Croysea. Stars, Crowns, Hearts, Anchors,
i Birds, Lambs, Gip?y Baskets, Hanging Baskets, Flower Stands,
I &c.. laterit (li-signs.

The NOVELtY BDl^ERFLY, for Cnt-Flower Besigns, is a
great attraction. As.sorted sizes and colors, 60 cent« for 10.

8 Id 9 in. 10 In. 12 In

Wire Hanging Baskets, paintpd, 1.00 l.'ii 1.60 2.00 per doz.
*' '• " galvai i/. a, 1.26 1.50 1.T5 2 60 "

SEND FOR PKICE LIST. t-feb-tf

Bonle de Neige (w liile), La Piirite (red), the two best kinds
for flori.sts, ready for delivery from cutting bench, from March
1st to May 15rh, "at $.S.00 per 100. free by mail. Spcial rates by
the 1000. Address G. R. WATEKMAJN, Act, Andover, MaBS.

feh.3

FINE SPECIMEN EVERGREEN,

And Other Ornamental Trees.

In many cases people do not want to wait years for small trees to grow, and yet people who
buy ordinary trees know the risk they run, not only of having trees to grow rapidly, but of getting
large trees even to live.

A specialty of our business is to have some of our trees and shrubs

FREQUENTLY REMOVED,

SO that there is comparative safety in transplanting even when many feet high.
ment of this class is offered at

feb-3

S. great assort-

TSB GER3IANTOWN NURSJEBIES, PHILAJJELJPHIA.

THOI^^-A-S rtv^EEH-A-^T, lE^oprietor.

GREENHOUSES, GRAPERIES, Etc.

Their Construction a Specialty. Experience of 20 Years.

SHIPPED TO ALL PARTS OF THE COUNTRY. ^ send for catalogue. Address,

LORD'S HORTICULTURAL WORKS,
^'^^ Irvington-on-Hudson, New York.

/•///•; HORT/CL'I. TL'RAL A Dll-RT/Si: N .

K.VCii Nl MBKK will conljiiii :\l \'khv.* oi I'eadin?, lunii.v line Wood Cut Illustrations, and one Coluueh 1'i.ate. II i" «
Iw-miiilnl Garden MHe.iziue, piiii«<rt on -l.-Eimt pniier. aiul full of iufornuition dIhiuI llic- ajltu;:i' of F1'>'viib and Vevtubk-rf. l'ii'>-
li^hcd in Kusrhsli ami (ieimaiii riice. $1.25 a yjai; Five (.'oilie^, $5.iiO. , ^

w

fe riiOWtR ^YEGETAB LE; f

TAmOGiihi

I H8 mini btauiifiil work of the kind in the «orld.' It contains SIXTY PAGER— 3O0 Illiistiafionf", with Dopciiptions of Tliou-

n.-.-.rl.y l .o pages, lluairt'ds of line Illustrations, and ,Vu- C/iromo 8>inds of the Im-s-I Flowers, and V't-jretablis In the world, and tl;-

Platen, lie utitnll.v ilr.iwu and (:olr>rei| Inmi nature. I'riee, r/l waii to rirnir (hem. This is a IIano-Hook and Gi'idk to the

cent.' in jwoer coveir*; $l.uo in elesraut cloth. A wonderlul Gardeuer and FI<Mi.«t. and it will Iv tent fr..c to all who >nclos.e

couihination ot bean! y ami utility. Printed in both German the postage, a Tw(( Gent Stamv. Printed In German and

and Kngli.-'.. KnL'lish.

fehi'

A-Kl'c

JAMES VICK, Rochester, N. Y.

Everblooming Roses.

We offer tor the coming- Spring the

THE FINEST STOCK OF EVERBLOOMING ROSES IN

THE COUNTRY,

These (ire liiiiKfihithhf Tlniftjf, (Uid Just suifrtf fo/- fifUiuf Florist's
ot'iJers^ Of for bcddhuj purposes.

J^atlincr variotios: Lc Pactole, Cels, Bon Silene;-Le Nankin, Mile. Rachel, Safrano, Mme.
Margotlin, Mine. Fakot. San^uinea, Adam, Mme. Damaizin, Bougere, Sir "Walter Scott. (Jen. de
Tartas, Climbing Devoiiicnsis. Diichesse de Brabant, &c., &c., &c.

Prices Exceedingly Low by the 10, 300 or 1000.

HOOPES, BRO. & THOMAS,

Cherry Hill Nurseries,

WEST CH ESTER, PA.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

GERANIUMS INEWCOLEUS.

For BEDDING and MARKET

BEST KINDS ONLY.

•Mri/PTCOLOK.'

fiEX1i:ii.l L OR.4\T (best Scarlet for massiiiK).

CHRISTIXE XILS.SOy {he^t Pink for massing),
riCTOIt MILJMT, COT,. HOLnUN,

MAl>J:i.iyE, MASTER VHJRfSTINJE,
J.1NA HOV'JAIiV. LUCIUS.
and many other kinds.
-f6 per 100, $50 per 1000 ; 250 at thousiind rate.

Edwin Lonsdale, Florist,

GERMANTOWN (STATION " G"),

scp.9.

PHH,AOEI>PHIA, PA.

STOCKBRIDGE

MANURES

Originated by Prof. Hlockbridrie, Prof, of .Agriculture in the
' Mnssachuaetta AgriiMltnral Cullecje.
Tliese Manure? are compounded for each crop, furnishing
1!ie phint food which eacli p»rticii>ar crop requires. They have
pro(hiced irom .50 to SO Inishels C<yrii, 2ti to 40 bii.shels
Wliiiit, ti.'i to .TO hiLsJieLs Ofits, liiO tn 2BO bu.thel.s I'o-
tiitor.t, 2 to 3 tons Hay prr acre, and other crops in pro-
p;;;tion. They have hccn used for live years with such success
that in 1ST7 they \i ere api'ljed on over lil.iiOO jicres with excel-
I'Ut results. Send for PampUlet, Free.

Bowker's Hill and Drill Phosphate

Very line, dry, £i'id high grade. ALSO
A;;rtculttii'rtl Chemicals.

3 Park Place jVew Yoris.

jnch.S 43 Cliatljani Street Uosloii.

The Diospyros Kaki,

i..

Or, Japanese Persimmon.

Beautiful in Color!

Delicious in Flavor!

Magnificent in *'ize !

r DRAFTED AKD REL.IAIt..i<: S » 0( K ONL.Y.
T Six elioice varirties. Trtcs. Si-.ions and S«eds for sale hv
H. I,0<)MTS. at R. .1. Trnmhuire Seed Store, *«1 8an«orae St",
San Fransiscn.
IB^Send for circular. nich2

A new and distinct specie.s, introduced from the Solomau
Islands. lu color it is remari-ahle tor the niimh'r of rich
shndrs of crimson, red, rose, &c., into which the leaves sport.

It is a very beautiful pl:int, and will be found among the
most useful of its tribe for decoration.

Pkice— $1 each by mail prepaid.

Seud for CataloLnie.

ELLWANGER & BARRY, Rochester, N. Y.

SMALL FRUIT PACKAGE,

Ml Siies of mum mm. empe mi na mmi

CRATES

IS.

[>AUS FREE

I. C. WOOD & BRO., Nurserymen and Florists,

jjldi.4. . , EIS1IKTI.Z,N. Y

0^,Ci,ii-'.A L- -■ .

J _

|-l:::!

rn

1 i

/ -

'• \ =' "-

pT

. L. :

. ^ ' 1

i 1

_y'

The increasing popularity of the

NEW AMERICAN

na>' hi'en such, that to meet tl r (leiiuntd for Plants 1 have J)«.s7i<'./
tlir propaijation until I am now able to offer

Strong Transplanted Bushes

AT LOW RATES.

H. E. HOOKER.

BocJiester, N- Y., Fcbruari/, 187S. mcli.i

Ik NEW BOOK FOR FARMERS.

"Carrots, Mangolds and Sugar Heits. Wliat kinds to raise,
how to raise, and how to feed." By mail 30 cents. Also, my
three works, on "Cahbasr'.s, and liow to grow them."
'•Squashes, and How to Gro.v Them." "Onions, aiid How to
Grow 'J'hem." Full of lust such minute details as farmers
want. Each 30 ceuts by mail. Mv lir^e illustrated Se<'d Cata-
logue free to all. JAMES J. H. OREGORV.

Hith 2 MiirbUlitttd, Mass.

10

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

LOOK HERE.

All oHcrx fir WIIhou'*- Albiin.v Slniwt>.rn- I'lanld rocelved
durinq Harch. 1/ acvmpanietl icith thr tcm/i, will ho fllU-il at
S-j.co i>iT i.iHH); ia.KO lor ft,n(!«; liti.oo for 10,000, and Hpcclal
rait'K for liirL'er IhIM. l'lantn ntronfi ami puuruttleM r/enuinf.
Hill he tieil in HO, and in-// jiockni. Ollur (.lock, both Iruil aud

omamcutal, very low. ^

WM. F. BASSETT,

mch 1 lifllftue At. yurnert/, IJamino/Uon N. J.

Pedigree Onion Seed.

l)aiiviTS Oiii..ii Si-i-i\, raim-d /ram thr rhcirf^t onutrui 0/ each
,f(tj> for nftu itrarn in tnucextion! The diffeifuce in the crop
«iH be u'u iiniu.s t'liftter than the coet of the seed. My Seed
Catalogue free to all.
ncbS JAMK8 J. H. ORKGORY, Marbleliead, Mass.

Choice Flower and Garden Seeds,
STRWBEEEIES, PEACHES, ^Z.

isi'Er<^r SORTS b^s" ivr a-tl.

Plants of the newest and ttnv8t improved sortK, carefully
packed and prepaid bv mail. Mv colU-ction of Strawberries
took the tir^t premium for the be>t Collection, at the great
Bhow of ihe Mass. Horticultural Society, in Bosten. I grow
over 100 varieties, the most complete collection in the country,
inclniiinK all the new, large American and imported kinds.
Priced descriptive Catalogues, gratis, by mail. Also, Bulbs,
Fruit Trees, Hoses, Evergreen'*. Choice Flowi-r, Garden, Tree.
Evergreen, Herb, or Fruit Seeds, 25 packets of either for $1.00,
bv mail.

C C Til*-' True Cape Cod Cranberry, best sort for Upland,
*"*'• Lowland, or Garden, by mail, prepaid. $l.fK) per KX),

C. V^-^*> pef 1,000. Wholeeale Catalogue to the Trade.
Ageuu^ wanted.

B. M. WATSON,

Old Colony Nurseries and Seed Warehouse, Plymouth, Mass.
KtiablisiiPd Ht2.

PHERRY AND PLUM TREES!

\j Ev«-rjjreens -rery low ! Alcoa large Htork oi tieiit-ral

>ar8fry StocU. Catalorrnes "-I't fr^e on npnU'iiMon.

GEO. ACHELIS, West Chester, Pa.

omsrmiEF

?5

Evergreens, an Immense Stock.

American Arbor Vitns, 30 ctH.
tT S20 per hundred. 20 other
B )rt,s at low rates.

Pine in varietj-, .^0 cts. to $15
p r hundred. Norway Spruce,
60 (t.s. to Sro per hundred.

<Jreenhou.se and Stove Plants,
A ehyranthus, Chrj-santhe-
m m.s and ColetLs, 5 cts. each.

C'lilla-s, 4 cts., Verbenas, 3 cts.
G ranium.s, 5, 6 and 8 ct«.

I*ttunia.x, 5 and Gets. Smilai,
25 ct.s. per dor.

A full as-sortment of Fruit
a'll Ornaraentel Trees, Shrubs,
V.iie.s, &c., at low rates.
Catalogues free.

Address,

n.s?ikui, y. Y.

2,000 Varieties Rare unci lieuiitlfiil Flower Seedn.

!M)fl VarietieH Choice V«->;<tuble i!>c-ed«.

."SOO Varli ties S<-e<l PotHto«-».

Selected SeedH ol all the leu ling and improved varieties of
Foot and Koriijje Cropn for KleUl Culture, consisting of
Carrots, M«iif;el wiirzel, ami SiiRar BeetK, Corn, Tur-
nlpH, Kiita Ua^a, OiaHH See<lM, etc F<'rtlliierK, Gar-
den TooIh, Small KriittM, Klo-werin^ Plautu, and other
..equlHltev for the Fnrni and Garflen.

A complete descriptive au<i priced list of the above, with
directions for culture, will In- found in the following cafaJogues
now in press, and will be rrady for distriimtioi) .Inn. 1.

A copy will be mailed to applicants on receipt of price affixed
— regnlar customers suiipliod gratis.

niiss's Illustrated Send CataloKxe and Amateur'*
Guide to the Flower and Kltclieu Garden, 'iiti pages,
price 35 Cent*.

BIImm'b IlluHtrated Gardener's Almanac for 187$, and
Abrldfted CatHlojjue. 136 p.iges, with Monthly Calendar of
Operations. 10 Cents.

Bliss's Illustrated I'otato CataIof;ne contains a list of
.WO Varieties, and much useful iiitoruiaiiou upon their cultiva-
tion 10 Cents, Addresp
P. O. Box. B. K. BLISS &, SONS,

No. 571'^. 34 Barclay St., New YorU.
jan3

VERBENAS!

Splendid i)lants, free from rust or mildew, per 100. per lOtXV
In '20 distinct named varieties, . . . $.H 00 $W 00

The same unnamed, ^ 8 60 !iO Oft

Carnations— La Purite, Edwardsii, Prea. de

Oraw, var. La Purite, 2!^ pots, . . 2 60

Samples sent y mail free to those who wish to see them
before purchasim:.

SKED, PADDOCK & CO.,

sepT

Cleveland, O.

TO FLORISTS.

CARNATIONS in large qumitities, now ready to cut witb>
Rose buds, Bouvardia and Smilax. Plants of Kdward^ii, l)e
Graw and La I'urite, at t'M> 00 per thousand, for Spring delivery.

Jan. 3

THOS. F.SEAL,

I'nionrille, Cheater County, Pet

KANSAS!

All about its Soil, Climate, Resources, Products, Laws, and
its People are given in the KAMSAS fAKMJ^R, a 10-page
Weekly, in it-s 15th year. Po-t-paid, H mo.. .'•<)<•.

Address, J. K. HUDSON, I opeka, Kansas.

Has quickly taken a high place among agricultural journals. —
N. Y. Trihunf.. We have considered :t among the best of our
exchanges, and a worthy representative of the West. — Practical
I Farmer, Phil'a. Our Kantas friends should feel much pride in
I the high character and sterling worth of their State agricul-
! tnral paper.— .Vad'o/iai Live-Stock .Journal. We cbeerfnlly
credit it with being one of the beet edited of our Western agri-
cultural exchanges. — Spirif 0/ the, Tiwe-i, N. Y. dec4

I HE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

11

NEW PLANTS OF THE SEASON.

Mailed Free, on application, onr annnal Catalogue «f new,
rare and beantiful Plantf, Kdscs, Ac, iu which the pries this
fleapon have bepn nrj^atly reduced. Alfo, our annnal Catalogue
of Flower and Oarden Seeds. Address,

•E».AJXJTLm 3BTTT^ efts ^K^TSI ,

SEEDSMEN AND FLORISTS,

t.mch3 38 'Washington St., Ne\v Castle, Pa.

VERBENAS.

$2fi.no

40.00

Strony Plants, free from Hunt or Mildew.

Per 100. Per 1.000.
In SO distinct marked varieties, $ .S.OO

Geraniums, stronp, in 20 varieties,3>i in. pot 5.00
Pelaigoniums. 4 and 5 inch pots, 10 00

The same, unnamed, 8 00

Pansy, Strong Plants, 4.00

mchl Jteadhiff,

THE THREE POTATOES.

A

EARLY OHIO.— Earlier than Early Rope. Ranked by
general com nt. in earlineps, yield and quality combined at
the head of all the early potatoes.

BrRBASK.— Medium late; a prodigious cropper; flesh
remaik-bly white; quality excellent.

DUNMORE.— A splendid late sort. A greater cropper
than the Peerless, which it resembles in form, whi e far better
in quality.

Each, per Barrel, $4 00; per Bushel, $2.00; per Perk, 75c.

My illustrated Seed Catatalogne free to aU applicants.
JAMES J. H. GREGORY,

mch 2 Marbleaeail, Mass.

M^ m^iitWh-FlwrriH V^ am— imMMh—m M—MWBr ntii i- IU mill— '^
CHOICE BEDDING PLANTS and F» OWERSofal!
kinds. We grow the tiiiest and bet^t vf.iietie.x, and sell them at
the v>Tv lovKest prices. Catalogui-s sent free to any address.
H. W.' HALES, Kidgewood Floral Nursery, Ridgewood, N.J.

C. THEO. SCHUEREN,

Florist, Cleveland, O.,

OFFERS FOR !"ALB

30,000 Cliolce Leading Grecnlionse and Bedding

Plants, Bulbs, etc.

50,00O FIRST-CLASS VERBEXAS AT $3.00.

Send tor wholesale price list.

New Variegated Cobcea scandens.

" Schueren Seedling."

A geedling, and is a great improvement on the old variety,
growing as vigorous as the common variety. Leaves large,
ereen, bordered with creamy-white, calyx of floweri variegated
like the leaf. Flowers light purple. Admired by all. Price,
«0 cents ; stock plants, $i .00.

Address, C. THEO. SCHUEEEN, Cleveland, 0.

260,000 Young Evergreen leading sorts for sale, cheap, mchl

SURPRISE MlgKI^N.

Our new Melon is the most Delicious ever in-
troduced. Per pkt , 2.'5c.

TOM THUMB SWEET CORN

Earliest known. Per pkt. '2(lc. Both by mail
35c. Send for our catalogue. 96 patres and 400
illustrations, which fully describes them. Mail-
ed free. I'RICE X Ky ICK KRIiOCKER,

mch 2 80 State St., Albany, A'. 1'.

E3iT FREE on application— BRIOGS <fc BRO.'S
Flower and Vegetable Catalogue. Our large crQ)is
enable us to SELL SEEDS LO'W.

KOCUE8TEK, N. Y., or CHICAGO, ILL.

By mall, post paid, (on own roots) 25 ce tb apiece, f j.DO
per dozen, $l2.(iO p«r hundred. Lnr(?e planlB (buddiMl
or on own rootn) by eiore^s at purchaser's expensn i 0
centH flpi.>-ie, $4 00 p-r dozen. The most Relr<"t
eollectiou In Ainerica. Send for Catalogne, wnn
colored plato, 10c ; piaiu, free.

ELIWUNGER & BAhRY, RochestPr, n.v.

B febS

rOFk ILLUSTRATED C

ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE OF

r^f^rrnc ^ blooded

LIVE STOCK 2S

BENSON BURPEE & Co

223CHURCH ST PHILADELPHIA

Roses, Roses, By Mail.

10 Beautiful Ever-Blooming Roses, postpaid to any address,
for $1.00, purchaser's selection. All the best varieties. The
best inducements offered to purchasers of Greenhouse and
Bedding Plants in the V. S. for Spring of 1878. All planta
warranted to reach the purchaser in good condition. Cata-
logues Free, and send for one before pnrrhssing elsewhere.
Address W. H. BRENNEMAN,

feb 6 Harrisbiirg, Pa.

A NEW RASPBERRY

"NEW ROCHELLE."

This is a hardy strong, and healthy grower, and will produce
twice as mu( h fruit as any known variety; fruit large, of uood
flavor, and bears carriage well. I can furnish one year trans-
planted canes at $3.00 per doz. ; tips $i!.00 per doz.

Send for a circular.

feh.3 S. P. CARPENTER, New Roclielle, N. Y.

Special Offer to the Trade.

Clematis flammula, Jackmanni viticella rubra grandiflora, and
other sorts, Dicentra spectabilis strong roots. Roses. Oranses,
Lagerstrcem'as, Hydrangea, Otaksa and Paniculata gr inditlora'
Daphne indica, Plumbago capensis. Pampas grass, very showy
plants; Verbenas and other bedding plants. Apply ti

GEROLD ALTORFER,
feb.2 West Chester. Pa.

WALTER ELDER,

ZAKDSCAPE AND JOBIiiyG GARDENER,

1231 Rodman Street, Philadelphia,
Attends t« all branches of his business on reasonable terms.

Plants Genuine! Packed Free!!

Brandywine (S"squeco) Raspberries and Wilson's F^arly Black-
berries from stock that produced the Centi-nuial prize berries ;
$1..'>0 per 10», $12 per 1000 ; Kittntiuy and Lawton $s per 1000 ;
Strawbt-rries, Great American. $1 per 10. $.1 per 100. $40 per 1000;
Duchesse, Pronty. $10 per 1000; Capt Jack, Cumberland, Tri-
umph, .Tucunda, Sterling. $S ; Bovdin, No. 30. Triomphe de
Gand, Duncan. J4 ; Col. Cheenv, Agriculturist, Champion, $.S ;
Albany, Monarch of West, Star of West, Chas. Downing, Ken-
tucky, Green Prolific, t'^. Order now of

novtf

JOHN S. COLLINS.

Moori'sioivn, N. ,T,

25

FASHION BCE CARDS uo iw) alike, with
name, 10c. 20 Scroll, with name, 10c. , post paid. Agent's
outfit 10 c. , ^

novia GEO. I. REED & CO., Nasssua, N. Y.

LONDON GARDENER'S CHRONICLE

Will be furnished, post-paid, direct to "ubscribera in the U. 8.

for $T.50 per year. Apply to

DOTtf CHAS. U. MAROT, Agent, 814 ChutmA St., PhUa.

\'2 Tin-: II OR in Y v. 11 'A'. I L A P I 'F.R riSER.

EVERGREENS

PANIC PRICES.

^"^^The Largest Stock and Best //£#.«..
^.// Assortment in America.

The IIic;hest Minlal awardrd '>y the United States Centennial ("oniniissiou toi- om di^iduy ol'
Evergreens at Philadelphia, l^!7t■).

Send for Pauic Price list of lowest rates ever offered.

HOOPES, BRO. $c THOMAS,

VHEnilY HILL XI USERIES.

Tobacco Stems, FLOWEE SEEDS.

For FurnigntiiJ}; purpoecs, for sale in balers of about 400 i Tlio ff?ll(1\viiYp: are lili of flie rlioirc^t (iiiatlin- and sure lo
lbs., frei- on bout or car? at $5 per bale, or three baba or $12 I give pi.rfL-ct eaiisiaclijoii. A dUijonnt lu ili« i^adc from iUhm-
<iii one order. ' prices.

STRAITON & STORM, ... . , ''*''*•• '"'''■

Abtitilon, liuest mixed 1.5

17 S A- ISO J'ettri Street, Acacia, " i.-i

ang12 New York City. I Amirriiiniim, .striped 10

° ] Asttrr, ;ill the ii—it sorts 10 to 'lf>

" I'ii'ony-Flowered; blood red, Splendid color !.•)

' BalNaiu, separate or rajxed , 10

" Camel bti- l*'lo\>erefi ; creamv » hitc-. extra line 10

liO;{oni», New Tuberous- Hooted ; fine.st stiaiii 50

Caiul>«i«f», iJwarf Hybrid 10

ALFRED BEIDGEM AN, ! ^7"'7-f ;?£v,.*r::::::;;;::::;::::;::;;:::;::::r:::::::: |

' i C'olt'iis, finest mixed 50

S7G JiliOATiWAY, A'/?!r VOJiK, Celosia Hiittoni 25

l>alsj-, tiM«!-t (jtriiiaii 15

Grower, Importer and Dealer in JjI^^^inl^l^^nll^.^'Sf;:::::;::::::::::;:::::;::::;;:::;;::::::::;:;: li!

_ _ ^_ _ »_ ___ _ _ PflaironiiiDi. Ironi l)i-t sioriH .'jO

VECETi^RLE FIELn Heliolr«pe, mixed cow. 10

^ fc"W»fci I ff^^tm^aj rlk-faBlar^ Hibi.stus, choice mixed 25

\\;i) Liaiitana, mixed colori*..... .^ 10

l.oI>tlia^ " 10

Maiirandia, " 1"

Mignonette, rexv varieiie.s, mixed.................. 15

.■ ■_ I>liiuulut>, New boi;ble .,,,^.t..i 15

Paiisies, separate or mixed .■..•..?.'.'. S.-.'..*. 15

Garden Tools and Horticultural Books. P">«te«ro.., ;^|;;;:;{';i;;^;^-;;; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;:;:;;;;;;;; ;;;- \l

My annnal priced C;italo<.'nes «re now r.adv. and mailed free I*«-t«inla8, tlne.^t .-oris «to$l 00

to all api.lirai-t^. Tbi-y er.nt'.in all tin. l.mj.nir an<l p"i.iilar Primula sinensis, best quality «

^rt^of Vegetable, Field and Flower Seeds, vernena^piendid s/^S';:"'';.:;::;::::::::;::::::;:::::::;;:::': Z

includiDg all the mosldesirable novelties ot ihe paht seafcon. ; Vi,ifa. mixed color.« 10

j'^"^- ■ I AVallflower, finest German !...!..................... 15

__ . , ^_ , A r -1 1 ^ o* • T„ . Send for Catalogue. Address

TlY^^^^+ P1or> + c» a family snpply of Strawemes, Black i

XiUlL A idfllUb. I'ap.s, Ked Kaspberries, Grapes, for -«7« TT^T'VT'TV/r yv TVT .T-»-

-tl. Ktfereuce, Jamea Vick. Rochester. For particulars ad- ^^ A.vj.-cck.j.'w , tM j. .^

•dress Green'.s Nurseries, Gliftdu, N. Y. mch 1 JlOC'IirOJiD, ILLi

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

INT xj lEi. s ES n rs^ c:? -A. R. ID s

r^~ Send for Circular and conditions of insertioD under this hcadinj

AZ

N.BARNARD,

iNuif-.ryman, Still Pond, Md. ^

B. krBLISS & SON,

:-54 Barclay St.^N^ Y. City.

JNOrATBRUCE & CO.,

Seed Mei-cliauts, Hamilton, Canada.

R. J. BLACK, New and Rare Fruits,

Bremen, Fairfield Co., Ohio.
R7 BU I ST^ Sr.7 Nurseryman,

('."rli «t. and Darbv /ve , Phila.

W.B.BURLEIGH,
Florist Hiul >et-dpmsu- Plainfield, Conn.

PAUL BUTZ & SON,
Nurseiy ami Floris^t, New Castle, Pa.

STlTGAiroWAYT

iNur.-sii . ici Si'edsman. Hamilton, ''Uiio.

PETE"R"~H ENDERSdN & C0~

v\ liule-faie ftut- ut^iueu and Florists,

New York City.

SAiyfUErRlN'SEY;

.-■uaji Fruit Nursery, Dayton, Ohio.

C. F. LANE, Seedsman and Apiarian.
•Tanesville, Wis.

FRANCIS LUDLOW.

.\uiMTyiii.ui, A-iiervillp. Ills.

THOMAS MEEHAN,

Nursery & 'I'ni' Seeds, (Jermant'n, Pl:il.
JOHN R. kh. MURDOCH,

Nurserymen, Fitts'inrgh, Pa.

HENRY MICHEL & C0^7

Florist, ^t. Louis, Mo.

W. L. SMITH,

Florist, Aurora, Ills.

A. C. NELIS, Fluri¥t audTseeffsinTuT;

CMnHJoliarie. N.Y.

I. C, WOOD & BRO.,W!inlepa)eand Ketatl
^nr-ery an. I Fruiisr. Fishkill .V. Y.

^i^ 2000jQGO:^l^

ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUES

Sent free on application.

*IN STOGl^:!^

'i^^

Low freights from Boston
allow us to compete with any
Pottery in the United States,

A. H. HEWTS &. CO., Mo. Cambridge, Mass.

Second hand-books.

Vill be

niaikd FRKE~to^

all applicants. Itcon-^

tains colorerl plate, ono ec

about J50 pages, and full de

prices and directions for planting over lliOO -

varieties of Vegetable and Flower Seeds, Plants, Rosp? Flit

Invaluable to all. fiend for it. Addr.ss ■""*■ ""'«'. "•■"•

D. M. FEREY & CO., Detroit, Midi,

R^^^V^V Agents Wanted to subscribe for the Agents'
%^^J^^M^J .Journal. A handsomely hound 24-\i ige Jour-
nalbriin lull of interest to Agents. Every agent shouid see a
copy of It. Send Postal Card for Specimen Copy. Agents'
Journal, Y. N. janl2

The Gardener's Monthly.

THE FOLLOWING

BACK NUMBERS

WANTED, IN

o-ooiD consriDiTionsr.

Apvil, ISOO. J>eceniher, 1S70. Frhrnnry, lS7i>.

Auffust, 1SG9. tfanuarf/, 1S7~, March, "

Spptrniher, " fTanunri/, 1S73. >Tnnnartf, 1S70.

October, " December, " •Tnnutiry, 1877.

November, " ,Tnnunrif, 1S74. Vebruary, "

December, " Februari/, " March, •'

iJanaary, 1S70. Anf/ttst, " Auffit.st, "

'Tuly, " •fanuary, 187^.

Receivable in exchange on Subscription account, or exchang-
able for other nnmbers not in above list. Send numbers pre-
paid by mail, and advise the publisher. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 ClioHtiiut St., Phila.

1 By Mail on Receipt of Price.

Speak Quickly if You Want Them.

t^"Say in your order "Second-hand List."_j3_3

Thomas J. J., Farm Implements
" " American Fruit Cnlturist .

Planters' Guide ....

Donaldson's Manures, Grass and farming ,

Downing's Rural Essays

'• Fruits and Fruit Trees of America, 1 copy at

" Cottaee Residences - - ."

Christy's Chemistry of Agriculture

Anderson's Agricultural Cheinistrv

LcUbeg's Familiar Letters on Chemist'-y

Beet Culture and Beet Sugar, by Childs .

French's Farm Drainnge

Chorlton's Grape Growers' Guide. 1 copy at

McMahon's American Garden ...
Phin's Grape Culture and Wine Making .
Loubatz's Vine Dresser's Guide .
Wood's Class-book of Botany

" Object Lessons in Botany
Farmers' Eucyclopajdia . .

Marazathy's Grape Culture and Wine Making

Mead's " " "

Munn's Practical Land Drainer .

Burr's Field and Garden Vegetables of .\raerica

P.uist's F'ainily Kitchen (lardeiier

Flint's Milch Cows an^l Dairy Farming

Todd's How to Make Farming Pay

Liebeg's Farmers' Chemistry, i:!94 pages, 8 vo.

.lohnson's Agricultural Chemistry

Rand's Seventy-five Flowers

Woodward's Rural Art

Saunder's Domestic Poultry

Ten Acres Enough . - - .

Downing's Cottage Residtmces (Svo.)

Mcintosh's Practical Gardener, 2 vols., Svo.

" Hot Stove an i iireenhouse, with colo ed p'ates,
McMahon's .\merican Gardener
Wliat I Know of farming (Greeley)
Field's Pea Culture ....

(^uinby's Bee Keeping ....
Brack's Book of Flowers

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, OarJeinr's Mon'hh/ Office.

«1 00

1 25-

1 .-iO

'/OO

1 r>(}

H 00'

2 01)

in.

1 00.

1 GO-

7.5

1 00

60

la

I 2.5

T.5

1 00

2 .51)

1 45

a 00

2 OO

4 nO

a 00

.50

3 00

7.5

SO

2 00

a .50

2 00

1 00

7.5

7.5

1 00

1 .50

4 00

3 00

1 25

1 00

1 Oit

1 45

1 00

14

TlfE // OR riCUL TURA L A D VER TISER.

SOUTHERN ENTERPRISE

For tlif llivilopnuiil ..lour Miil.rliil Kcsoiiiv,-:-, (l.vntfd to
liiiinifiralliiii, ."<■ iitliilii rri>t;rcKS, NHliciiml I'roniiTity. lluppy
Kiinil Life through I'racticiil ll<>rllrullnre, Kli-viilod AltIciiI-
turo (tliu former l)ciu>{ the cruclle of the lulter), Diversified
iHiliiflrii's, fi<-., in

PUBLISHED AT ATLANTA, GA., FOR $1 PER ANNUK

S. '1' .Iknki.sc. Kditi.r iliid I'roirieior; .1. S. Nkwman, A.s-d-
riafe Ktliitir. Receivt — impHrt ; know— be kuowD. Everything
eball be sacriflceri to reliability. feb ia_

JOHN SAUL'S CATALOGUE

— OP —

Hew, Rare and Beaufifut

PLANTS

Will be ready in KLl)ruary, with a COLOKED PLATE.

The following are offered :

Nf ^v R<>!<e Q,iir«-ii of nedders and other new eortB.

Kfw Double VV'l»lte Ort-raiiiiiniH and others, very distinct.

Nfw Dtmlilf Ivy-L.iav«<i Geraiiliiiiii*.

Ke'w Zoiiale, Dr. Dritiiy's, and dIIkt line- sorts.

' e-w Kriii^jfd Fclar^oniuiii, Dr. Master'M.

JVt'^v Hiid It are Kerns.

'Vew Tiil>erous-Kooied BegoniaN, double and single.

Sont-rilla Ileudere>outi, l.aiid.-ouie foliagts and fii e winter

hlooniiT.
•Toreiiia Fonrneri, a very pr 'tty specit^s.
A collection of Kew an<i Rare Sliriibs and Trees.
A beautiful collection of DracieniLs. Crotons, Aloca-

cias, C'a adiimis mid oiiicr tine luWn^r plHuts
K^cw bets of Gloxinias, Clematis, Fnclislas, Dalilias,

with HP liiimjnse stock of new and lieiiutilul plants, well

grown, all oi which are offt-red at low rates.

Catalogne and Pliite free to cnstoraers, to others 10 cents, or a
plain copy to all applicants free.

An immense stock of all the new and standard varieties, grown
in pots on own roots, cheap.

NEW FRUITS.

NE ■• PKARS, I'EACHES. STKAWBERR ES, &c.
NEW SHRUBS and « RNAMKNTAL. TREt!.S,

With a hirge general
HURSERT STOCK, FKUIT TKKES, EVERGREENS, NOR-
WAY SPRUCE, AUSTRIAN PINE, SILVER FIR,
and other small EVERGREENS suitable
for Nurserymen.

Catalognes mailed to applicants.

!feb3. Washhiyton, D. C,

New, Hare aod Surplus Stock

DFOI^ IST'S.
T O T H E~> R A D E .

CALADIUM, Kancy-Keaved Sorlit. -imng, well matnred,

dry '1 iilicrs. ()| the lollowing choice sorts.

Our ►election, $l'/pcrlOO

Purchaerr's selection, ... 16 "

AUBFR. DUCIIARTKK, BEETMOVKN, HICOLOR >»PLEN-

DENS, CXNNAKR'I'l, ClIANniNI, UUc pk RATIBON,

ENDLICIIEHIAM'M, DISCOLOR, KNCKEI. IIOUL-

LETII, HER" ILEs, .MYKRBKKR. MILToN,

LA.MAR'II.NK, WKHl'l'I. NEWMAN],

ROSSINI, REINE VICTORIA and

Rl'HKA MACULATA.

COLErS PICTrS, described in February number

t»AlU)KNKn's Mdntiilt, .... per (loz., $;!.(H)

GE"«ANHM API'I.E, tltie seedling plants, p-r 100, 5 00
L.YG01.IUM ^CAN ENS (.lapai.ese Creepii.g Fen ),

one \ ear (.Id, ))er lOu, 6.08

PAMPAS GRASS, strong plants, well rooted in ."5 in.

)>ot«. per I0i>, 36.00

PETUNIA DOUBLE, from our splendid colleeti-.n < f

ntinvd s'lrts \trv 100, 8.01)

PELARGONIUM NE^IV ROYAL, (Beauty of Ox-
ton) per do7... 3.00

VIOL*" IS, imported from Messrs. Paillef.Franec, true to
name and de-rriptic)p. Described in the Monthly, VcXo-
ber snd NovemUiM", 1ST7
BELLE de t IIATENAY, double white, verv fragrant

tree blooner measuring l^.j inches, . . per doz , 4.50
"W^HIIE CZAR, single white, very fragrant, large and

free floweriiiL', per do/. , 3 00

Send for (harden Calendar for l^TS, coutaiuiug descriptive
and priced lists of new and old varieties.

Henry A. Dreer,

Sekd.sman and i" i.ohist,
feb.2. No. 714 Chestnut St., I'hiladelphia.

Forest Treesi

Evergreens, 3 fo 6 feet high, for Parks, Cemeteries, Wind-
breaks, 'Screens, and Lawn-planting, at very low rates, by the
dozen, hundred, or car load. Also,

Evergreens, European Larcli,

AND

AMERICAN WHITE ASH,

Of all sizes suitable for Nnrsery and Forest Planting. We
have by far the largest stock in America, all grown from seed
on our own grounds, which we offer at the very lowest ralea
they can be grown, and cheaper than iinportt d trees.

ROBERT DOUGLAS & SONS,

mchl

Waukegan, 111.

We have on hand, in condition for Spring planting,

r-XiXTVE, FEA-CH, -A.I'I'X.E,

a.s well as our usual extensive assortment of Evergreen and Ornamental Seeds. Samples of the Fi-uit
Seeds, with prices as well as Catalogues, on application.

feb-2 MEEHAN'S NURSERIES, Germantown, Pa.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

15

ALL THE NEW PEACHES,

And the Largest and Best List of

Long-Keeping Apples

Ever offered. Sent by mail evc^rywhere. Catalogues gratis.
Following STTRPLVS STOCK closed out cheap :
80,000 No. 1 June Budded Peach Trees.
.5.000 Early Kichmoud Cherry, 1 year. No. 1.
30,000 No. 1, 1 and 2 year Sweet Cherry, asforfed.
■200,000 Apples, iucluding Crabs, and largely of long-keeping

kinds.
100,00 I Hrandywine or Susqneco Raoperry.
150,Oiio Wilpon's Albany Strawberry.
3ou,000 Coiiover's Colossal Asparagus, 2 years.
10.000 Carolina Poplar, 4 to 5 fi-et.
5.000 " " 8 to 10 f.-et.

5,900 " " 12 to 16 feet. •

10,000 Silver Maple, 8 to 10 feet.
5.000 " '• 12 to U feet.

3,000 " " 16 to IS feet.

300,000 No. 1 one year Concord Grapes.
40,000 Irish Juniper, 4 inches to 6 feet.
2C 000 Norway Spruce, 2 to 6 teet.
150,000 No. 1 Osage Orange, extra large, 1 and 2 years old.

A full line of Nur.«ery Stock, all at special rates, at the
GREAT NORTHERN AND SOUTHERN NURSERIES,
Wilmington, Del.
inch2 RANDOLPH PETERS.

WILLIAM PAMKY,

I_i£in.ca.sca<pe 0-ard.e3a.er.

Country fo t>i, yard-, la^ns, ami ortluirds laid out and
planted with Fruit aud Ornamental Trees. Flowers, ami Shrub-
bery. Having ;i large aud thrifty ^tock of Tree? and Plants
now growing, those mo^'t desired can be taken direct, from the
Nursery, and planted in their new homes. Send for catalogue
and estimate.

PO.MONA. NURSERY,

mch2 Cinnaminson. N. J.

The experience of 1871 establishes the fact that

Wo other Grape combines so many points of excellence

as this, viz ;

BEST QUALITY,

VIGOR and HARDINESS of Vine,
EARLY RIPENING,
BEAUTY,
VALUE for MARKETING.

Exhibited by me, September, 1877, received the highest
honors of the American Poniologlcal
Society, viz :

A Wilder Medal.

The Original Vine st-nds on mt oRttrHDS ; all my Plants

ARE PROPAGATED FROM IT.

H. E. HOOKER.

Jioche.<<ter, N. Y., February^ 137^^. mch.l

CHOICE VARIETIES, $5.00 PER 100.

Address,

mchl

S. J. GALLOWAY,
Montgomery, Ham Co., Ohio.

Heikes Uurseries Co.,

DAYTON, OHIO.

These Nurseries offer for the Spring aud Fall of 1973 the
PULLBST and most complete stock since its organization.
The fact that Mr. W. F. Heikes has resigned his connection
with the organization in nowise affects its subsequent ability,
as its management devolves upon Mr. S. D. Bear, so long and
favorably known as its Sdperintendknt. They solicit cor-
respondence and a personal interview.

mchl

GRAPE ROOTS.

Concord, 2 years, medium $1.5 per 1000

Concord. 1 vear. No. 1 12 per 1000

Ives Seedling, 2 years. No. 1 2o per 1000

Ives Seedling, 1 year, No. 1 f5 per 1000

JOHN GKAVETT,
mchl L.iuea ter, O.

Matthews' Garden Seed Drill

Miitt/ii-iv.s' Hdiid Ciiltivittoff
MfittJicws' JJfill fiiiil Cultivator .,,-a>.wai. '>'235
combineil, surpass all oihers. Send
for circular belore you buy. Manu-
factured onlv hv _77 -.^-^vsrr;^^is^w^'
liVJiRETT & S 31 ALL,

Boston, Mass.
Tor sale by D. LANDRGTH &. SOIifS,

mch 3 21 and 23 Aouth Hixth at., Philadelphia.

St. Joseph Conservatories

Greenhouse, Bt-dding Plants, Hardy Herbaceous Plants,
Shrubs, Vines, Climbers. <fcc. Strong Plants, tine varieties.
Prices Low. Catalogue and Wholesale List s ntfree of ciiarge.

nichs H. NIELSON, Florist.

FRUIT AND BREAD.

A Natural aud Scientific Diet.

BY GUSTAV SCULICKEYSEN.

Translated from the German by M. J-. Holbrook. M. D. In-
tended to ^'how what is the iiiituralfood ot man ; to lead him to
become a living child of nature ; to simplify and btautify his
manner of living; to emancipate women from the drutJgcry of
the kitchen ; to lead to increased use of fruit ; t > dimi>h the use
of flesh, and where possible, to do away with its ii8« altogether;
to improve the health and add to the enioym" iits and vilue of
life. Cloth, V.'iO pages; 12aio. illustrated. Price, $1. Sent bjr
mail pjst-paid on receipt of price. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut SI., Phila.

How to Raise Fruits.

BY THOMAS OUEGG.

A Hand-book of Fruit Culture being a Guide to the proper
Odltivatiiin and Manageiueut ot Fruii Trees, and o' Grapes and
Small Fruits. \M piige.s, 12mo, cloth, fuliy illustrated Price
$1.00. Sent by mail post-paid, on reci ipt ot j)rice.

Address, CIIAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chesnut Street, Philadelphia.

16

THE NOR 77L '( 7. 71 'RAl. .-/ D I F.R 'IlSliR.

Medal and Diploma awarded by the U. S. Cen-
tennial Commission, 1876, to

SMITH & LYNCH,

Miimiftui K I ( rs of I'litt nt IiHjutirctl

rcrtable Cellular "ire Ecz Return "iue Eciler,

AND

PATENT PORTABLE CELLULAR FIRE BOX

BASE BURNER BOILER

G-reeu /louses, Gmperies, Conserratories, Projiaf/afiiif/ Houses, Forchtff fits, Ftihlic

and Private Btiildings, Schools, Dvyiug Hoonis and

Heating Wafer for Baths.

ALSO KEEP CONSTANTLY ON HAND

Expansion Tanks, Evaporating Pans, Stop Valves, Cast-iron Pipe, Elbows, Tees, Branches Pipe Chairs
and everything: necessary, of the best material, for Greenhouse Heating.

Smith & Lynch's Improved Ventilatini^ Apparatus, for opening and closing Ventilating Sash, on ro.)f
or sides of Greenhouses and Graperies.

Judges' Report on awards, with descriptive illustrated circular containing testimonials and reference.
Also price list furnished on application to

SMITH & LYNCH,

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

17

ANDRE LEROY'S

NURSERIES!

ANGERS, FRANCE.

The largest and richest of Europe in

FBUIT,
5' ■

CAMELLIAS, ROSES,

FRUIT TREE STOCKS, &c., &c.

Large culture of Vegetables and Field Seeds,
Bulbs, Flowers, &c.

C. RAOUX, Agent,

«eptl2

76 Park Place, New York.

•CATALOGUE OF NEW, RARE AND BEATJTIFUL PLANTS
•will be rt^iidy iu February with a coldred plate. Many new and
l)i'!iiititul plant- are ottered for the first time wiiti "a rich (ol-
lection ot Greenhouse ani Hothouse Plants, Bedding; Plants,
New and Choice Roses, Dahl'as, &c., well grown wild at low
prices. Frre to all my customers, to others price in cents. A
plain copy free. JOHN SAUL,

feb2 WashinL'tnn, D. C.

The Diospyros Kaki,

JAPANESE PERSIMMON.

Imported direct from -lapan Four of Best Varieties, Grafted
Trees, with abindance ot small root.s; perfectly hardy. Will
bear at from three to four years o^d. Ench Per Doz Per 100
Ost Class Trees, 5 to " ft., - fl.CO $11.(I0 $80.00

2d " ly, tr) .5 ft. - If, H.OO 5!5.00

With a liberal discount for larger quantities. P'or further in-
formatlou and cataloj-'ue address

•TAMES WATERS,
feb.2 Pajaro Valley Nurseries, Watsonville, Santa Cruz Co., Cal.

•Oardciier, Florist, and Horticiiltiiral Agent, Twenty-
First St., below Greene, Philadelphia. Jobbing promptly
attended to. First-class reference furnished, and correspon-
dence solicited. feb 3

ASPARAGUS CULTURE;

Tlie Jie.st Mi'tlioils JSniploi/ed in JCnf/lrintl ami France.

By .lame's Barnes and Wm. Robinson, F.L.S.
Illustrated, 2H pages, i2mo, paper. Price, 20 cents. Mailed,
postage free, on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. U. .MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

NEW HANDSOME FLOWEIiJSJD,

CAREFULLY HYBRIDIZED,

Tuberous Rooted Begonias.

Plants from the finest straius in cultivation \\ill be ready for
delivery about the Ist of Mav. Prices for single plants, by the
dozen or hundred, on applicati<m.
A few packets of seeds of the above at 50c.

DANIEL BARKER,
No. 07 Brewer .St.,
Norfolk, Va.
B^~Npw and Rare Plants a Specialty. mch2

THE EUREKA FUMICATOR,

FOR CONSERVATORIES, GREEN-
HOUSES, FRAMES, GRAPEHIES,
POULTRY HOUSES, AVIARIES, HOS-
PITALS, &c.,&c.

This cheap and thorougbly effectual Fu-
miirator will burn tobacco, tobacco p^per,
sulphur, or any other fumigating material.
It is se.lf-act'ng; requires n> attention
when once ignited; there is no fear ot flaming
no waste of ma'erial, every particle being
consumed Hnd given off in dense smoke,
thus ensuring the entire destruction of in-
sect life.

No. 1, suitable for a house lOx 20 feet, $2.00.
No. 2, " " " " 12x 40 feet, .S.CO.
No. 3, " " " " 20xUi0feet. 4 00.
Manufactured of heavy sheet iron, and very durable. Boxed

ready for shipping at the above prices. Circulars ready for

i distribution. Manufactured ajid sold, w

by

mchl

free distribution. Manufactured ajid sold, wholesale and retail,
HEVRY A. DRKKR,

Seedsman and Florict,
No. 714 Chestnut St., Philadelphia.

Have been a SPECIALTY with rae for several years.

I NOW OFFER

Strong, Dormant, Out-Door
PLANTS

OP THE

Finest Varieties, One and Two Years old,

HTSIIID rE!irEm, mil and CLIMEINB,

Also a good assortineiit of

NOISETTE, TEUflOfiBON.^CHINHOSES

Iisr FOTS.

H. E. HOOKER.

Iioche,<>ter, N. Y., February., 1878. mch.l

.«E£DC0RN. Smrt

I' •■-tulforfuotil. Fir«

'jC.rt I'rciii. l"a. iStale Fair;

iTi^i virjii immrnse ; 40 ym

i..<iiL're.-. W.Atl(ins..u

DM ArcbSt Phila. Pa.

18

A^'D JIORTICULTUKaL ADVERTISER.

MA ZZ A 1U> CUET^Ji Y STO CKS,
OSKUJ OliAXaE

APPLE STOCKS, PEAK STOCKS,

And an immense variety of seedlings for planters in lYuit, Evergreen ai\tl Ornamental 'I'rces and Shrubs,
by the 10, 100, 1000, or 10,000. Catalogues on nppliciUinn.

MEEHAN'S NURSERY, Cermantown, Pa.

Allen's Planet Jr. Hand Seed Drills and Wheel Hoes

nrc Kldiiiiiirtl iiiiu liliics ; I [ll)n^aIllls in iisu; liiivn taki-ii iIk- ('fiili'niintl. h'ninklin litMtiliilp Sihirr,
Erfurt, i,'ermani/, niid other inuiialH. SoM sepir ilc or comhini'il ; im' <()iiihiiic-(l tnid ( \ iiri.ul'uri'.r
J'viiiitim). is t'really iini)r()ve'! lor 1H7H. PKICKS mitrh reduced. THE PLANKI' .III.
HORSE HOE, nopuliir In 1S77, is jH-rfectrd for I87S. \Vr()ii;rlit boiled Iraiiie, poli-li il < ii-t
8t.'e) ft-eth. i)Htfni cl.vis, etc. Our catulogue IS PRfc-E. S. L. ALLKN &, CO., No. 229 .\larkil
Street, Philadelphia. Pa. __^

ELEGANT CARD.I, no two alike, with name. 10c :or l^

Comic Piioios or ActrcBscs, inc.; or 2u Fine Scroll C'iird«,
20 stvlcB no name, lOc, post-pnid.
o(;tl2 J. H. IIUBTBD, Nasfiua, S. Y.

GRAPE VINES. '25

Catawhae, Isabellas, Concorde, Crotons, leracllas, Brigbtons,
lonaa, Rogers, and

All Sorts at all Prices.

MEHKELL & COLEMAN,

feb.3

Norserymen, Geneva, N. Y.

BfH» Kaspli'-rrieB, three inrties
ronnd. Pride of the Huilcon,
lleiirieltii, harly ProliHc, \U-
liiince, Winaiit, Siisqin-co, ten
Bcres yielded $433S. StrnwberrieH, A8para>;us. lihubarb and
Frnjt 'f'r.-es. Scud for ('HtHidjjnc. nov.5

WILLIAM PARRY, Cinnaminson, N. J.

GRAPE VINES.

Also GRAPE WOOD and CUTTINGS. LARGEST STOCK IN AMERICA.

All leading variitleM in largo siipplr. Extra qnaliiy. True to name. Special rates to Agents, Dealers and Nurserymen. Our
list of customers now embracei nearly all the leading nnr-ierymeu in the country, to whom wc would refer those iif)t acanainted
with our Htock. Descriptive Catalogue and Price List Free. T. S. HUBBARD, Fredonla, iV. Y. aug.lo

A^ FXJTLiIj stock: OTF .A-LX. SOPtTS. PPIICE LIST FPIEE.

.rLAWNS,HEDGES?^.
Screens /Wi h d Bbe a k s .

Per 1000
Norway Spruce, fine, 15 to 18 '»

inches, . . . $40 00

Norway Spruce, fine, 20 to 30

inches, . . . 60 00

Norway Spince, fine, 3 to 4 ft., 80 00
Norway Spruce, fine, 2 to 3 ft.,

sheared, . . .100 00

Norv» ay .S'pnrce, fine, 3 to 4 ft.,

sheared, . . .160 00

Norway Spruce, fine, 4 to ."5 ft.,

sheafed, . . -200 00

Arbor ViUc, American, 6 to 9

Per 1000
Arbor Vitse, American, 9 to 12

inches, . . . $20 OO

Arbor Vitie, American, 12 to 15

inches, . . .SO OO

Arbor Vitre. American, IS to 24

inches, . . . 50' 00-

Arbor Vitae, American, 2 to 3

fett, . . . 80 OO

Arbor Vitie, Pyramidalie, 10 to

12 inches, . . .100 00

Arbor Vit:e, Pyramidalis, 12 to

Arbor Vitse, Pyr«raidali8, 18 to 20 inches, .
" " 2 to 'lyt feet,

" " 3 feet,

The Pyramidalis is hardy as an oak, erect as a juniper
Scotch and Austrian Pine, 3 feet.
Hemlock Spruce, trained trees, 3 feet.

inches,

$150 00

2(10 00

.HOO 00

" 100 00
150 00

15 00

15 inches,

Hemlock Spruce, trained trees, 4 to 5 feet,

Balsam Fir, 2 to 'lyi feet, . . . .

" 3 feet, . . . . .

4 feet, . . . . .

Over sixty varieties of evergreens, one of the finest

stocks iu America.

KilHinrnock Weeping Willows, line, 1 year,

" " •' 2 "

Linden, American, extra nice, 6 to 8 feet,
" " 8 to 10 feet,

Si'ver Maple, " 6 to 9 feet.

Magnolia Acuminata, 2 to 3 feet,

mxjiT

Dwarf Pears, first class, 3 to 4 feet.

" second size, 2>j to ?:% feet,

Standard Pear, 4 to 5»^ feet,

" 5 to dy, feet, heavy,

Sweet Cherries, 5 to 7 feet, first class.
Wild Goose Plum. 4 to 5 feet,
" 5 to 6 feet,

IDECIIDXJOXJS TI^EES.

$l.',(l 00 Magnolia Acuminata, 3 to 4 feet,
200 00 " 4 to 5 feet,

l.-jO 00
200 00
100 00
30 00

120 00

$•20' 00
120 00
15' I 00
200 OO

^5o 0

80 Oo

White Ash, splendid trees, 4 to 5 feet, twice transplanted, .50 00

Uorse Chestnut, 6 to 6 feet, . . . .150 00

6 CO 7 feet, .... 200 OO

Magnolia Acuminata, 1 to 2 feet,
Acer Negiindo, box elder, 1 year,
Norway Spruce, 2 years, 3 to 4 inches,
Horse Chestnuts, 1 yeflr.
Sweet Chestnnt, fi to 10 inches.

TREES, VIKTES., SzC

. $liiO 110 Concord Grape Vines, stion

. 70 00 Martha " "

. 120 00 lona. " "

. 200 00 Black Naples Currants, "
. 100 00

. 100 00 White Grape Currants, 2 years,
. 120 Oil

SEE3DX.TKrC3-S, SzC

$20 00 Sweet Chestnut, 12 to 1« "
" 18 to 24 "

White Mu'.berry, 8 to 10 inches,
" 12 to 18 "

2 years.
2 ••
2 "

1 "

2 "

3 00

5 00

20 00

$5 00

$25 00
80 00
60 00
15 00
25 00
30 00

tH 00
20 00
10 00
20 00

A Complete Assortment of Nursery Stock.

STORRS, HARRISON & CO.,

jan4 I'ainesville, Lake Co., Ohio^

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

19

ROSES. ROSES.

/1/£I^ PLkUlS, GERANIUMS,

The Young Stock xoe now offer is very large and complete, healthy,
mgorous, and in the be^it possible condition for shipping.

We would reppectfully invito a careful insptction of our list of s'arietlea,
w hich we keep up to a high standard by regular and frequent importations of the
ti.gt ni'w Borts.

YOUNG ROSES, thrifty plants. $6.50 per 100, f6ft pel 1000.
'I'he following varieties, among oth' re, we have in quantity, viz: Bon Silene,
Comtesse Labarthe, Aline Sisley, Devoniensis, Dougla.ss, Uermosa, Isabella Sprnnt,
Marie Guillot, Marie Van Houtte, safrano, Souvenir ae Malmttii^uii, Sou\enir d' Un
Ami, Triumph de Luximbourg, &c., &c.

GERANIUMS, General Collection, fine 3-inch pot plants, $6 per 100, $50
per 1000.

An immense stock, composed largely of new varieties, including our importa-
tion of 1875 and the t)«st of the older sorts, forming a collection of the greatest
merit.

NEW GERANIUMS of 1876, strong plants. $2 per doz., $15 per 100.
A large collection of the finest French and English introductions of 1876; great
improvements in every way upon the older sorts.

NEW GERANIUMS of 1877, good plants, 50 cts. each, $5 per doz.
These are, beyond doubt, magnificent varieties, and, in our judgment, the finest
lot ever introdnced into this country, comprising many new colors and forms, espe-
cially among the doubles.
CARNATtON"^, fine, healthy. Fall struck plants, now ready, $5 per 100, $40 per 1000.
A large stock of Li. Purite, Pres. de Graw, White Perfection and many other Winter blooming varieties.
FUCHSIAS, all the best kinds, $3 per 100. »

HELIOTROPES, 20 fine Continental varieties, $6 per 100.

" Madam- de Blonay, nearly pnre white, very large flat trasses; fine for forcing; $1.50 per doz.

LANTANAS. new varietic'^, dwarf growers and free bloomers, $3 oer 100.

Also a large stock of miscellaneous Bedding and Greenhouse Plants, Hardy Shrubs, Vines and Herbaceous Plants.
Hew Plants, sufficient to cover Express Charge-, will be adoed to all Wholesale Orders.
Send for Illustrated Catalogite and Wholf-sale lilst.

A. K. WILLIAMS, Cascade Rose Nursery, RICHMOND, INDIANA.

PEIFIELO'S PRICE LISTOF LABELS.GAIIDEII STAKES, GREENHOUSE ROOS.k

IC

y

u

u

~M

Tree and Sunch Labels, N^l

N TL

W-%

IN zm

N^3

N54

These LABELS are superior to any other Wooden Labels Made.

POT LABELS, n^o

No. 1 Tree Labels notched for wire 35c. per 1000

2 " " " 40c. "

3 Bunch " " " 1 in. by 4 in., 80c. "

4 " " " " I.V by 5 $1.00 "

0 Pet Labels, pointed, 7-16 Inch by 3 inches, S.'ic. "

1 " " y, hr ax 40c. '

2 " " K by 4 45c. "

No. 3 Pot Labels, pointed, % inch by 4)i inches, 45c. per 100«

4 " " X hy 6 65c. "

5 " " X Kv5>^ 6.5c. •'

6 " " % »>y 6 80c. "
GardenStakes, IK in. widebv 8 in. long $2 60 " .

li< in. wide by 10 in. long 3.00 "

" lij in. wide by 12 in. long 4.00 "

Round Greenhouse Rods, cnt to any length required, and pointed % aad ,'-,' inch in diameter, $2.00 per thousand feet, in length.
" " '• ' " " ^ inch in diameter, 3.0« per thousand feet, in length.

Greenhouse Rods made of oak timber. 25 per cent, extra.
■Oak Dahlia Stakes 1 inch in diameter. 4 feet long, $3 00 per KW ; 5 fe«t long. $4.00 per 100.

Orders amounting to more than $25 at one tim" will be allowed a discount of 10 per cent.

No charges forpackagt* or cartage in this city.
«b3. Address "o-H-A-S. H.. I'IIISTI'IEIjID, LOCKPORT, H. Y.

20

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

TDCrO POR FRUIT i
I nLLO AND ORNAMENT.

500 ACRES OF TREES

At Wholoasle and Kotail. rearn, ApplcH, Clu-rrieo, I'lnm^.
i^nitnes aH(1 Simill Friiil.-*. Oriniinctiiul 'rrec ami Shrul)i», m-w
bikI old. Kvcrfjrci-iiK, clioico, lar(j« qiiautilics, and liir;j<' vn-
ri.ty. Maplvi". HIrih, H.-.cli, Wocpinjr Troce, bKST SUKTS.
Magnolias, iihododcudroim, llydrHii^uas.

CLEMATIS

Jacknianni, 3 yearp, pxtra, and 75 other sortfl. ROSES, Per-
poiual, Mopf, i'ea, and ( 'limbing.

Clemiitic. Ho.scs and Shrnbi* sfiit by MAIL, prepaid.

Catalopiic." free. HKULCED I'KICPN.

Address, T. C. MAXWELL & BROS,

mchS Geneva, N. Y.

Large Specimeji Plants.

Our New Catalogue ia now ready, containing a large col-
lect iou of

SUCCULENTS, FERNS, PALMS,

AND

Specimen or Exposition Plants,

KIUST A.NU SK< O.M> SIZK.

Cherry Trccn, Ucd Dtilc.U CiirrciilH, Itrundywint- Kasphcrrli-H,
$10.0(1 per llKPO. IriBli Juniper, Sand .'> li-el, compacl, rjii-up by
the lou. Uemlocli .Spruce, 'i und 4 li-t-l, buHby, (li and tLV
per 100.

JOSIAH A. ROBERTS,
tf.b.tf Malvern, Pa.

Sent free to all applicants.

mchS

HENRY MICHEL & CO.,
107 North Fifth Street,
St. Louis, Mo.

NEW DOUBLE GERANIUM,

Jenny Reid, dwarf h b t, the tinesit poirl.-t grown, 60c.

NEW COLEUS.
Multicolor, Pictns, El Dorado, fine and distinct, 25c. each.
DOUBLE GERANIUM.
25 Centennial varieties described in fi>rmor catalogues.
3-inch pot8, $S per 100; $I2 in 4-inch pots, per 100.
Older varieties, 3-inch pots, per loo, $« ; 4-inch pots, $10 per 100.

FUCHSIAS.

Racemosa, very distinct, flowers of an orange color, 50c. each.
Fuclicia.siu ISchoice varieties, 3-inch pots, $6 per 100; 4-iD.,$10.
Azale.-is, tine plants, 3-inch pots, $10 per 100.
Azaleas, fine plants. 4-inch pois, $15 per 100.
Caladiunis, fancy varieties, No. 1 — 25 varieties, $6.
Caladiums, fuucy varieties. No. 1 — -25 varieties, $4.
Dracena Tenuinalis Tricolor, 4-inch pots, $20 to %i% per 100.
Tuberose, stroiiir bulbs, $4 per IfKi. Tuberose, I'earl, $5 per 100.
Ferns and Selaginellas, 20 varieties, fine plants, $10 per 100.
Vurbenas, 20 varieties, $3 to $5 per KM).

A general assortment of Hothouse, (Jrcenhouse, and Bedding
Plants. JOHN DICK, Florist,

mch2 53d and Darby Road, Philadelphia, Pa.

ROCHESTER

COMMERCIAL

NURSERIES.

Hardy Trees, Shrubs, Vines and Plants, ))er dozen, lOO ami
1000. New Sl'niyo J'UICIC-I.TST now reiidv, iirid sent:
FKEE to all applicants <Hl\A .V KSTA I, (ATA L(Ki U tT

(Illustrated), 10 cents. Fruit ('atalo^rue, 0 cents. Both free to
cu:5tomer8. Fine, thrifty etock Hiid low prices.

sxjpii'L.TJs stock:.

We offer the followiiiiT articles to Nurser\nien stid others ii*'
exceptionally i.ow pkices. when orden^d in large qii.iiititieH,
viz: J>tvni-f Apj>lrn (on Paradise stock) ; Stnrt<lni-il I'l'iirn,
2d class, good; Mountain AhIi ; JCiivoprnti Linili'iis ;
ChvHtnuts, Huropimn aud Am-rican ; I'(ij>l<i,s; Lorrln:s:
(looHeherrUs, aud a large variety of Kt't-ryrvrnn, well
grown and ihriftv Trees of good form and color.

Parties wi^h'ng any of the above articles in quantity will
please write for our Special Circular and terms.

SPECIALTIES:

PEAR TRUES, including new and scarce varieties. a»
Mt. Vernon. Heurre Clairrjeau, B. Dose, touv. du CoiufrcH, H'int.
Sells, Brockxrorth /'ark, etc.

NEW, HARE aitd ItKAUTirUT. TREES, including
M.A GSOhlAS — Speci<isa. >ou atifjeiina and hevue (a fine >io(k) ;
B!HCHES—I\ir})le Leaf, Fastup'nta and F.Uqans J'endnla;
CUT-LK.4F SUMACH; MAJ-LK—Macrojiln/llnmiuul other
rare kinds ; Py{f;A(/6' THILUBA ; AMt'tiLOi'SlS VKIICHII.
etc., etc.

EVERGREENS, in large assortment, flne form and
color. \

JIOSE8, in immense quantity and great variety.

Address

W. S. LITTLE,

mch.i. ROCHESTER. N. K.

LANDS STe^n IOWA

1 9nn nnn acres "t* ■■ "^

l,^UU,UUUr(,r SiUe uC*') and yi per ucre, in
farm lots aud on ro'ins to suit all classes. Kound-
trip tieket< from Ch.cat'O and return tree to ijur-
chasers. send posral-canl for mans and pamphlet
describintc eUmato, soil aiKl piodurrts in Iti coun-
ties. Call on or address I4»WA K. K. E,A>D
COnrANY.02 Rjindolpli .street, Chl«-u«o,
or Cedar Rupitin, Iumh.

J. B. CAX.UOUN, Land Oommiuwner.

SURPLUS STOCK. •

Pnntia Coernlea and Qrandiflora $3 to $S per 100 Dahlias, choice varieties $S per 100; $60 per 1 GOO

Yucca Filamentosa $10 to $20 per 100 Double Tuberose $3 per 100

Wistaria Sinensis $12.50 per 100 Single Tuberose $3 per 100

Wistaria Sinensis Alba, 2 and 3 years $ 0 per 100 PEAKL Tuberose $■'> per 100

Pyrus Japonica, 3 feet $15 per 100 Caladium Esculentum $10 per 100

Pseonia Fragrans $7 per 100; $50 per 1000 Agava Americana $15 per ICO

Burgundy Rose (for Edging) $5 per 100 Geranium, QUKKN OF THE WEST. ..$6 per 100; $50 per lOOU

Also, Bedding Plants, (icraniums. Heliotrope, Verbena, Fuchias, Lnntanas, Salvias, &c.

I'-A-XjI^^S, ^E^^ISTS, STJCC-CnjEnSTTS, BTUXjES, dec.

Send for Descriptive I'atalogues; also. Wholesale Price Lists.

107 North Fifth Street ,
mchl St. Louis, Mo,.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

21

LARGE m SELECT LIST of ROSES.

30,000 fine J'lantH from onr List comiirising over 8O0 varieties of the latest and choicest Roses,
grown on ilieir own roots and noiv ready for delivery.

Our 8(.'lection Hy. I'erit. Nois., one year, $3.00 per dozen, $2n.OO per 100.

" Tea and C/iitin, i.50 " 16.00

" Young Plants by mail, 1.00 " 7.00 "

We can also t-ui)ply from our many acres of Nursery Stock, well trrovvn and frequently trans-
planted, the choice.^t varieties of Fruit Trees, and all the new and best sort.-* of

Hardy, Ornamental Trees, Shrubs, Vines,

^ VEBGBEEN and DEC ID UO US,

Fine Specimen Plants, for planting in Lawns, Yards, &c. Catalogues sent on receipt of 3 cent postage stamp.

mch.2.

Mt. Airu Nurseries, rillLAUBLPHIA

ROSES BY MAIL.

60,000 young Koses from onr list, comprisinii over 600 varie-
ties, well established, re:idy for Spring planting.

Our selection, $1.00 per doz.; $7.00 per 100.
Bnyer'8 " 1.50 " " 8 00 " "

If ordered liy the 100, must be sent by express or freight; too
heavy for m liling. Catalogues sent on receipt of three cent
postage stamp.

MILLER & HAYES.
mch2 Mount Airy, Puiladelphia, Pa.

3,000 [yonymus Radicans Variegata,

(Climbing Burning Bush.)

$1.00 per doz.; $7.00 per 100 per mail. Large plants, 30c. each ;
$3.00 per doz. For sale by

MILLER & HAYE'5,
Mount Airy Nurs^-ries,
mcha Philadelphia, Pa.

50,000 Double Tuberose Bulbs,

Doz. 100 1000

First Quality Large Flowering Bulbs $.75 $t.00 $25.00

Second Quality Flowering Bulbs 50 3.00 16.00

A few hundred EXTRA Lartre Bulbs 1.00 5.00

Dwarf Pearl, 1st quality Flowering Bulbs.... 1..50 8.00
If sent by mail, 25 cents per dozen. Extra.
The past season having been the most favorable for the
growth of Bulbs, we offer the largest and best ever sent out by
us.

MILLER & HAYES,
5774 Germantown Avenue,
mch2 Philadelphia, Pa.

1^ f\f\f\ Agents Wanted to sell our newly Patented
V/a\#\/^/ Novelties, Chromes, Jewelrv, Watches. Re-
volvers, iiijgniviugs, Book«, &c. Stationery Packages $10 per
hnnd. Special terms given to Agents everywhere. The best
pi ices ever offered. Mammoth Catalogue with Samples free.
ianl2 R. L. FLETCHER, 11 Dey St., N. Y.

WARRANTED WATCHES ONLY $3 EACH.

nHBgHBHHBBHHHlBB

Kv

A BANKRUPT STOCK OF WATCHES,

Warranted for One Year,

Tliis bankrupt stock must ho clospd out in DO days.
The rofiiirr prio*- «»l' llione Walfli«*M w«» $12.00
ejK-li. Tlie.v are silvered ease and open tiu'e. all one
.st.vle. and of French nianiifaotiire, the niovenipiits of
which bein<j well kiiowii tlie world over lor their tine
finish. They are used on rjiilroixiHanil HtrsiiiilxtalN.
wliere aeoiirnfp (iiiio is reiiuired. and give ijdiHi sat-
isfartion. Tliink of it, a*I2.0(i Watch fur oul.v $3.00,
and wui*i'autod one ;e:ii- for time.

Cincinnati, ()., Map2\. 1877.

The Walters ImporlinR Co. is an old estaljlished and
vor.v reliable house, and we cheerfully reconiniend
them. Cincinnati Post.

After the closure of sale of this bankiupt stock of
Watches, wliieb will coiitiiiiie 90 da.vs frtini date of this
paper, no order will he filled at less than ^12.00 each ; so
please send your order at once. With each Wuteli we
fnrnish our Hpeoial ivai-riintpe Toi- <»ne yoai- Tor
jx-cui'site time. We will forward thi' Watch prompt-
ly on iec(>ipt of K3.0U, or will send C.O.J), if custoniers
desire and remit $1.0(1 on ;icciinnt.

Address all orders to «aItci-« Importine <'o.,

I»tO Kl,M STKKKT. CIN<1NNATI, ().

iffr TO WATCH SPF<Tl.ATOR.S : We call particular I
tiMition to these Watches, a.s thev sell readily at from $12.00
rJO.OCl each.

WARRANTED WATCHES ONLY $3 EACH.

22

THE nOR 77 C Y 7. 7C RAI. A D I 'ER TISER.

A. F. CHATFIELD,

IMPORTER AND GROWER OF

EAST INDIAN

ORCHIDS.

COlSr^VEE-SE &c CO.,
^. "> RINDCE, N. H.

PRICES ON APPLICATION.

All>Mny. N. Y.. March 1. I'^TS.

PRICES REDUCED.

Norway and AiiiiTicjm Spnici', liiilmim Fir.

AnieriCHii Ail">r ViUi- imd Wliili! I'iiiu, 2 to

.H ft., Stock\ (Hoxi'd and on (;;uh).
Saint', 3 to 4 it., Stocky (Boxed and on Cars),
Saini\ 4 to r. tt., Stocky (Hoxcd and on Carn),
Aux'rian and Scotch" I'inc, 3 to 4 ft., Stocky

(Uoxed anil on (.".iri*),
Hemlock uiid K.-.l Codar, 3 to 4 ft., Stocky

{i;i>K«d And on Cars),

mchtf

Per 25 Per 100

$3.00
4.2,'5
S.OO

4.00

$10.00
IS 00
17.00

mclil

.1. S. BOYN'^OV. Strvkcr. Willinms* Co.. O.

MiinHfactnrcr8 of Tom ito and Vi-rljena Plant Mii'-ki't^. Mnilint;
licitcK, Pot and 'I'rce Lahidn. etc Send for I'rice List and
Sani)il« H went on receipt of 10 cents. Our Muiliu;; Boxen are
lighter, cheaper, and more diirahlc than paper. incliS

Ten Ever Blooming ^OO OOO ^^^^* ^'"" **•
Plants and Evorjrreens Nt-iit fi-e*' liy muil. Cntalo^i«-M
free. AddrePH I.O. WUOl) & BKO., Nurserymen anil KloriftM,
Flkhkill, N.Y.

GUIDE TO THE STUDY OF INSECTS.

By a. S. Packakd, Jk., M.D.

Also a Treatise on those Injukious and Bbnkficial to

oHS. For the use of Colleges, Farms, Schools and AgriculturisLs.

Illustrr.ted with II plates, and 650 wood-cuts. 702 pages, fvo,

cloth. Price, ^6.o3. Sent by by mail post-paid on receipt of prici:.

Address, CHAS. H. MAKOT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

ET7-s:E^-2■ oiTE -Txriio s^-tj^ .a. <3-.AJEex>EXT sno-crLU i2.e-a-X)

To The Flower and Kitchen Garden.

NEW AND ENL.AKGKD KDITION.

THK inofit practical work on gardening yet jjublished. Contains 2'20 pages closely printed matter, bpantifuUy illnstrated with
wveral hundred finely executed engravings and a chronio-lithograph of a group of popular flowers, and a list of ui)ward of
2500 varieties of oakden, field, ana flower seeds, with explicit directions for culture. Mailed, post-paid, upon receipt
of 35 cents.

ItllMi' Illustrated Gardeners' Almanac and Abridged CataIogne.--136 pages. Embraces a monthly calender of
operations, and a price list of all the leading varieties of »ahden, field, and flower seeds, profusely illustrated, with brief
directions for their culture. 114 pages. 10 cts.

IUlii«' Illustrated Potato t atalogue contains a list of 800 varieties, with a description of all the new varieties recently
introduced, with many other desiralile sorts, beautifully illustrated. Also most nselnl informati*n upon the cnliivation and
chemistrv of this valuable escu'ent. 10c.

BIU4* IlliMtraled Handbook, for the farm asd the garden, and abridged catalogue of qarden, field, and flowbr
8EEU;i fertilizkus. Agricultural Implements, etc., etc. One hundred pages, many illustrations, 3 centi»,

Blins* Illu>«trated CatalojE^iie of Plants, for the greenhouse, conservatory, lawn, and flower garden, and

BlUa' Illuslrated List of Novelties for 1^78. mailed free to all.

PRINGLE'S NEW HYBRID SPRING WHEATS.

CHAMPLAIN.— A bearded variety- A cross between the Black Seaand the Golden Drop — combining the remarkable hardi-
ness of the former, with the 8Hi)erior quality of the latter. Its stroiig and vigorous straw, growing « to VL inches higher than Its
parent varieties, stands erect, frequently bearing even in very ordinary culture heads from 5 to 6 inches in length, containing
from 60 to 75 kernels each. Price, $1.(X) per lb., 3 lbs. $2.60, liy mail, post-paid.

I DEFIANCE.— Another variety of spring wheat of the highest promise, the result of a series of experiments, to incorporate
superior qualities upon the hardy stock of our common Club Wheat, by hybridizing it with one of the tinest, whitest, and most
extensively grown sorts of the Pacific Coast . This variety displays great productiveness, vigor, and hardiness. It is a bear less,
white chaff wheat, with heads frequently 5 to 6 incues long, very closely set with large white kernels, frequently numbering
75 to 80 to the single head. Price, $1 per lb.; 3 lbs., $2..'0, t)y mail post-paid. In order to induce wheat growers to give these
new sorts a thoiough and universal trial, we offer $^250 in rREmuMS for the largest quantities grown from 1 pound of seed,
alflw for the 20 largest heads. For OHrticulars see circular.

Bliss* Trtunipli. — .\n extra early variety, ri[>fning a week or ten days earlier than the Early Koee— and one of the most
attractive in appearance. Superior quality and very productive.

Trophy.— A new and exceedingly fine, medium early, red-skinned variety, resembling the *'nowflake in appearance and
quality. It might with propriety be called a Hed-Skia Snowflake. This variety 'was exhibited in London at the great Interna-
tional Potato Show, in October last, and received a tirst-class certiticnte. Price of each $1 per lb.; 3 lbs. to one address, $2.60, by
mail, poet-paid. See potato catalogue.

Bliss' Amerlf^an 'Wonder.— A > loss beiwet n the Chanipiou of hnglatid and Little (Jem — combining the good qualities of
both varieties, but is earlier «nd more yjrorluctive. v,- pint packages, '/."ie ; Pi t, T6c.. bv nmil. po°'-pflid.

Bliss' Lilttle Gem. — .Numerous te^tlnlonials received irom those who tested this vai leiy the part st asou, prononnce it two
or three weeks earlier than any otlier variety. At the great Tomato Trial in London, at the Horticultural Society's gardens. It
was the earliest of 60 varieties on trial, and received a first-class certificate. 15 cts. ner pkt.

Acme. — This new and beautiful variety is one of the flnc-^t ever produced. Its rosy-i»urple glossy skin, fine symmetrical
form and delicious flavor, render it worthy of general cultivation. It is also a very early variety, surpassing all others in this
re»pect, excepting the LITTLE GEM. 15 cts. perpkt.; X t unce pkts., 75 cis.

Early lilma Bean.— A careful trial of this variety the past season proved it to be ten days earlier than the ordinary
Taricty. 25 ct*. per packet. See our advertisement in February No. ef A gricvUurist.
mcfal .A-AoLrass B. ^ SX.ISS «Sb SOISTS, 3-^ Ba.rcla.3r St., U'«-w TTorlc.

THE HOR TICL Y. TURA L A J) I'ER RISER.

•28

OF

DOWNING AND SAUNDERS, ■

The New Early Peaches, |FRACTICAL LANDSCAPE

In Dormant Kud at reasonable rates. Address

EAKESTRAW & PYLE,

inchl Wlllov Dale, Cliester Vo., Pa.

Panic Prices

For the following named stock. All of it true to name and of
superior quality.

APPLE,

APRICOT,
CHERRY,
PEACH,
PEAR,
PLUM.

Also a full stock of EvBRGRENNs and Small Fruits, &c. It
will pay von to correspond with ns before onrchaaing else-
where. Send for Price-List and Catalogue. Address

RAKESTRAW k PYLE,

mchl

WUlow Dale, Cheater Co., Fa.

ALPINE FLOWERS FOR ENGLISH GARDENS.

By W. Robinson, F.L.S.
An explanation of the principles on which the Exquisite
Flora of Alpine Countries may be grown to perfection in all
parts of the British Islands, with numerous Illustrations of
Rock Gardens, Natural and Artificial. TO illustrations, 440
pages, crown 8vo, cloth. Price, $4.60. Mailed, pwstage free,
on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

THE WILD GARDEN;

Or, Our droves and Shrubbe^ries Made Jieautiful by
the Naturalization of Hardy Exotic Plants.

By W. Robinson, F.L.S.
With Frontispiece.
23fi. pages, 12mo, cloth. Price, $2.26. Mailed, postage free,
on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St.. Phlla.

PEAR CULTURE FOR PROFIT.

BY p. T. qriNN.
A practical Horticnlturlst and author of "Money in the Garden."
Containing practical method of raising Pears intelligently and
with t>esl results ; character of soil, best mode of preparing it ;
best varieties to select under existing conditions ; liest mode of
planting, pruning, fertilizing, grafting, and utilizingihe ground
before the trees come into bearing, and finally gathering and
packing for market. Illustrated with practical cuts on pranning
and grafting, distance table and orchard record. laC pages, 12
mo. cloth. Price $1. Sent by mail, post-paid on receipt of
j)rice. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

PRACTICAL HINTS

On the Selection and use of the

MICROSCOPE,

Intended for beginners, by John I'hi.v.
Editor of the Am. .Tournal of Microscopy. Enlarged edition.
Profusely illustrated; ISl pp., 12mo., cioth ; price, 76 cts.
Mailed post-paid on receipt of price. Address,

CHAS. H. MAKOT, 814 Chestnut St., Phlla.

CARDENINC.

BY T. R. ELLIOTT.

Designad for City and Suburban Kesidenoes, and Country
School- Houses ; contaiiiing designs for lots and grounds, from a
lot 30 by 101), to a forty-acrt^ plot. Each plan is drawn to scale,
with schedule to each, showing where each tree, shrub, ifcc,
should bt planted; condensed instructions for forming and rar-
ing for lawns ; building of roads; turting, prot--ctioa, pruning
and care of trees ; making cuttings, evergreens, hedges, screens,
&c. Condensed descriptions of all the leading trees and shrubs;
soil and position in which they should be grown. Illustrations of
ground plans, elevations, trees, shrubs, winter gardening, &c.
96 pp., 8 vo. cloth. Price $1.60. Sent by mail on receipt of
price. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Philadelphia.

BY BENJ. r. WILLIAMS, T. R. H. 8.

Containing descriptions of 930 Species and Varieties of
Orchidaceous Plants with notices of times of tlowering,
approved modes of treatment and practical instructions on
general culture. Remarks on heat, moisture, soil, seasons
of growth and rest suiied to the sevc^ral speci>-s.
FIFTH EDITION ENLARGED WITH COLORED FRONTISPICE
and numerous b.aiihful illustrations, 336 Pages 1^ «uo.
Clo'Ii. Price $3.50. Sent by mail, po.lage free on receipt

of price.

4th edition of the above work also on hand, 300 pages li mo.
cloth, illustrated. Price $2.60. Sett by mail, postage free, on
receipt of price. Address „, ,„

^ CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

ARITHMETIC MADE EASY.

ROPP'S EASY CALCULATOR

Is a new publication that must prove of incalculable benefit to
Farmers, Mechanics and Business men. It is so rapid and origi-
nal as to startle the most scholarly, and yet so szmple and prac-
tical that the most illiterate in figures can inxtantaneouKly
become his own accountant. It enables thousands to accom-
plish in a minute what they could not learv, to calculate in many
months. ^ , .r 1 1,

The first part containing an entirely neic s^skto ot lamci,
which shows at a glaiice the exact values of all kinds of Gram,
Stock, Hay, Coal, Lumber, Merchandise, etc., from &m poumt
up to a car load, and for any price which the market is likely to
reach ; the Interest on any sum for any time at 6, 7, 8 and lU per
cen'. ; correct measurement of all kinds of Lumber, Saw Logs,
Cisterns, Tanks, Granaries, Bins, Wagon Beds, Corn Cribs ; a
Time, Wages, and many other valuable tables.

The Second part is a practical Arithmetic, and embodies a
simple mathematical principle which enabl.s any one familiar
with the fundamental rules to become a lightning caUulator ;
and by which over two-thirds of the tigures and lal)or required
by the ordinary methods, and fractions with their intricacies,
are entirely avoided. ■ ,, j

The work is nicely printed on fine tinted paper, is well and
elegantly bound in pockei-b<.ok shape and is accompanied by a
Silicate Slate, MemoranduM and Pocket for papers. It is b> lar
the most complete, comprehensive and convenient pocket
manual ever published.

PRICES Bound In Russia Leather, Oilded, S.J.OO,
Morroccu, $1.50 j Fine English Clotli. $1.00.

bent post paid on receipt ol price. Aildiess,

CHAS. H. MAROT,

614 Chestnut Strkbt, I'hila.

A MANUAL OF VEGETABLE PLANTS.

BY ISAAC F. TILLINOIIAST.

Containing the experiences of the author in starting all those
kind« of vegetables which are most difflcut for a novice lo pro-
duce from seed; with th. best methods known for conit)atiug
and repelling noxious insects and preventing the disrasce U>
which gardun vegetables are subject. lOli piiges, ICmo. cloth.
Price, $1.00, mailed, post-paid, on receipt of price. Address,

CHARLES H. MAROT,

814 Chetitnut St., Phlla.

24

/•///; irOR 77 C Y 7, 7Y 'A'. 1 1. .U)l I'.R TISER.

CLUB PAPERS AT NET PRICES,

ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED.

TO REMIT IN CLUBBING

nny of t'-e following list with fh
GARDENER'S MONTHLY
ydcct such as you wisli, fo;)t up the prices aiincxccl, and add TWO DOLLARS
for the MONTHLY to the total.

American Agriculturist $1 '20 !

" Farmt-r 1 H5

" Arti-nn 1 tiO !

" IJuild.T 2 fiO

Niitiirrtli8t 3 25

" Odd eV'llow 1 60

Appli'fon'8 Journal 2 50 1

ArthurV Home Magazine 2 35 \

Atlantic Monthly... 3 45 [

Boftou Cultivator 1 60

Building Association Journal 75 I

" SocietiL'9 (Gazette, London, England 1 35

Bucks County Intelligencer, old subscribers, $2.60, new... 2 10 i

California Ilorticulinrirt 2 75 i

Central Union Agriculturist and Cliromo 1 70

Children s Friend 1. H6 |

" Hour 1 10]

Coleman's lOiral World 1 85

Country (tentleman 2 10

Demorest's Mugazine 2 60

Kclectic .Magazine 4 60

Farmer's Home Journal 1 35

Farm Ji>urunl 20

Frank Leslie's Ladies' Magazine 3 10

" Review 2 10

Germantown Telegraph, old subscribers, $2..^0, new 2 20

God.-y's Lady's Book 2 15

Gmphic, (Dailv). per year 9 .W

Hall's Journafof Health 1 60

Harper's Bazar - 3 36

" Magazine 3 35

" Weekly 3 35

Herald of Health 1 60

Household 85

Iowa Homestead 1 60

Journal of Chemistry 1 10

Journal of Mateiia Medica 1 lO

Kansas Farmer 1 35

Lady's Floral Cabinet, with Chromo 1 10

Ladies' Repository 3 35

Leslie's Lady's Journal 3 60

Lippincoit's Magazine 3 10

Littell's Living Age 7 60

London Garden - 8 75

London (hardener's Chronicle 7 50

Maine Farmer ; 2 10

Manufacturer and Builder 1 86

Maryland Farmer $1 35

Massaclinsetts Ploughman..

Metropolitan

Milling Journal

Moore's Itural New Yorker.
Nation

National Baptist

New England Farmer

" " Homestead

New York Evangelist

New York Methodist

" Herald Weekly

" " Post Weekly, $140 Semi-Weeklv

" Times, Weeklv, $1.40; Semi-Weeklv

" " Tribune, WeeLlv, $1.40 ; Semi-Weekly

" " World. WeeKly, $1.40; Semi-Weekly

North- West em Farmer

Nursery

Ohio Farmer

Our Home .lournal

Park's Floral (iazette

Penn Monthly

Peter's Musical Monthly

Pi-terson's Magazine

Philadelphia VVeekly Press

Philadelphia Weekly Times

Phreuolotrical Journal

Poultry World

Poultry World, colored plate edition

Popular Science Montjily

Practical Farmer, (Weekly.)

Prairie Farmer

Pnrdy's Small Fruit Recorder

Saint Nicholas

Saturday Evening Po?t

Scientific American

Scientific Farmer

Scribner's Monthly

Southern Cultivator

South<rn Planter and Farmer

Vick's Illustrated Monthly Magazine

Waverly .Magazine

Western Agricultarlst

Western Farmer

Rural -

Working Farmer

Young Folk's Monthly

Youth's Companion' new subscribers $1.40; old subscribers

2 BO
1 05

1 85

2 35
4 76
2 35
2 35
2 10
2 60
2 VO

1 00

2 00
2 60
2 60
2 60
1 10
1 20

1 60

2 25
40

2 10
2 tW)
1 70
1 60
I 35
1 60
t 00
1 75
4 20

1 60
' 60

85

2 60

1 75

2 76
85

3 45
1 85
1 85

95

4 66
85

\ 80

; 60

1 10

96

1 75

The above includes postage under the new U. S. Law requiring prepayment of postajje before mailinfi.

After subscription to a club paper through thi.s agency, report non-receipt of your numbers
and other causes of dissatisfaction, irregularities of mails or changes of residence, only to said
paper direct {not to this office).

Remit by P. O. Order, Draft or Registered Letter. CuxTcncy is at risk of mails.

If you wish a receipt or reply, enclose postage etamp for that purpose, otherwise the club papers will be i.-onsidered a
Bnfficient receipt.

A.ddres8,

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

RURAL AND PRACTICAL BOOKS,

sent by mail, post paid, on receipt of price.

Allen's, R. L., Disoascsof Doraeptic Animals

Allen's L. P. Kural Architecture

Allen's, L. F., AiniTican Cattle

Allfn's, K. L. & L. P., New American Parm Book

Allt,-n'8, R. L., American Farm Book

American Architect

American bird Fancier. (Brown's)

Arm-riiau Weeds and Useful Plants

Apple Oiilturist, S. E. Todd

Art of Saw Filing

Art of Graftiiigand Budding

Architecture. Modern American, Cummings & Miller

" Principles and Practice of, Loring & Jenning.

Asparagus Culture, paper

Baker's Fruit Culture

Bassett on Cranberry Culture

Ba'ry's Fruit Garden

Bell's Carpentry made e.isy

Bement's Poulterers' Companion

Bement'a Rabbit Fancier

Beet Koot Sngir

Bicknell's Village Builder, 77 plates

Bommer's .Method of Making Manures

Boussingauifs, J. B., Rural Economy

Breck's New Book of Flowers

Bridgeman'a American Gardener's Assistant

Bridgeman's Fruit Cultivator's Maunal

Bridgeman's Kitchen Gardener's Instructor

Building Associations, How to Manage

Building At-sociiitions, What Thev Are

Buist's, Robert, Am. Flower Garden Directory

Btiist's. Robert, K.iinily Kitchen Gardener

Burr's Field and Garden Vegctiibles of America

Carpenter and .loiner'f. Hand Hook, (Holly)

Chorlton's Grapotirower's Guide

Chemistiy of the Farm, (Nichols)

Cleveland'-' Villas and Ctittnges

Cobbett's American GardciK r

Cole's, S. W. American Fruit Book

Cole's American Veterinarian '.

Coop t's Rural Hours

Copel.ind's Country Life

Dadd's, Geo. H., American Cattle Doctor

Dadd'w Modern Horse Docor

Dana's, >ainuel H., MucU Manual

Dnrwin's Variations of Animals and Plants, (2 vols)

Darwin's Insectiverous I'lants

DeVoe's Mrirket Assistant

Downiug's, A. .!., Landscape Gardening

Downing's Cottage Residences

Downinji's Fruits and Fruit Trees of America

Downing's KuraJ Esi^ays

Downing's Ladies' Companion to the Garden

DuBreull's Vineyard Culture, (Dr. Warden)

Eastwood on Cultivation of the Cranberry

Elliott's Western Fruit Grower's Guide..

Elliott's Landscape Gardening

Elliott's Lawn and Shade Tree-

Elliott's Fruit Growers' Hand Book, paper, 60 cent*, cloth

Panning for Boys

Field's, Thomas W., Pear Culture

Five Acres too mueli, (illustrated)

Plagg's European Vineyards

Flax Culture

Flint, Chas. L., on Grasses

Flint's Milch Cows

Fowler's Homes for .MI ,

French's P'arm Drainage

Fuller's Grape Culfurist

Fuller's Small Fruit Culture

FulUr's Strawberry Cultuiist

Fuller's Forest Tree Culturist

Ftilton on I'each Culture

Gentry's Life Histories of Birds, (2 vols)

Gray's How Plants Grow

Gray's Manual of Botany

Gray's Manual, Botany and Lessons, in one vol

Gray's School and Field Book of Botany

• ircgorj' on Squashes, paper

<iuernon on .MiUh Cows

Guide to Fortune

Harazthy's Grape Culture and Wine Making

Harris' Insects Injurious to Vegetation, do. $4 ; col. eng's

Harris on the Pig

Hatfield's American House Carpenter

Henderson's Practical Floriculture

Henderson's Gardening for Pleasrire

Henderson's Gardening for Profit

Herbert's Hints to Horsekeepers

Hoopcs on Evergreens

Hop Cultiire

How to Buv a F.irm, and Where to Find One

How to Paint

Hussiuan's (jrupes and Wines

Jacques' Manual of the House

(and any others in the market not on thi.s list) will be
Address CuAS. 11. Marot, ^14 Chestnut St.,rhila.

$1 00 I

1 tiO

2 60 j
2 50 I
1 f>0 '
7 00 j

30 '
1 7.^

1 50
75

2 00
10 00
12 00

20

4 00
30

2 50

5 00
2 00

30
1 60
12 00

25
1 60

1 75

2 50
1 00

1 00

2 00

1 50
1 00

5 00
75
75

1 25

4 00
76
75
75

2 00

6 00
1 .50
1 60

1 25

6 00

7 00

2 50
6 .50

3 00

5 00

3 5
2 00
2 00

75 i
1 .^0 I
1 60 I
1 50 I
1 00 I
1 50 1
1 25 I
1 50 I

1 6a
60 !

2 60
2 60
1 .50
1 60
1 50
1 60

20
1 50
1 50

4 00

1 25

2 25

4 00

2 60
30
75

1 00

5 00

6 60
1 .50

3 60
1 60

1 nO i
1 60
1 75 I

8 00
40

1 75
1 00
1 60
1 .50

Jacques' Manual of the Garden 1 75

Jennings' Cattle Doctor 175

Jennings on the Horse and His Diseases 1 75

Jennings' Slieep, Swine and Poultry 1 75

Johnson's Gardeners' Dictionary 3 60

Johnson's How Crops Feed 2. 00

Johnson's How Crops Grow 2 00

Johnson's Peat and its Uses 1 25

Johnston's Elements ot Ag. Chemistry and (}e()iogy 1 J50

Johnston's J. S. W., Agricultural Chemi«iry 1 75

Kemp's Landscape (iardening 2 59

Klippart's Farm Drainage 1 75

Langstroth, Rev. L. L.,on the Hive and Honey Bee 2 OO

Leeds' History of United States 1 75

Leuchars' How to Build Hot-houses 1 60

Leibig's, Justus, Familiar Lectures on Chemistiy 75

Louden 's Encyclopa-dia of Plants 21 00

Lyman's Cotton Cultiire 1 .50

McMahon's American 'Gardener 2 25

Mayhew's Practical Book-keeping for Farmers 99

Mechanics' Companion, (Nicholson) 3 00

Meehan's Ornamental Trees 75

Miles on the Horse's Foot T^

Miner's, T. H., Bee-keeper's Manual 1 25

Mohr on the Grape-vine 1 00

Money in the Garden 1 50

My Vineyard at Lakcview 1 25

My Farm of Ed^ewood 1 75

My Ten-rod Farm 60

North American Sylva, 5 vols., 156 col. plates, in 30 parts

" " unbound 60 00

•• " Half Turkey Antique, gilt 70 00

•' " full " " 76 00

Nichol's Chen.Lstry of the Farm and "ea 1 25

Norton's, John P., Elements of Scientific Agriculiure 75

Norris' Fish Culture 1 75

Onion Culture 20

Our Farm of Four Acres 1 25

Packard's Guide to the Study of Insects c'oth 6 00

Paul's Book of Roses 60

Paul's Rose Garden 3 00

Paxtou's Botanical Uicliouary l.') 00

Pardee on Stra berry Culture 75

Parkmau's Book of Rose? 1 59

Parson's, Samuel B., on the Rose 1 ."0

Peat and its Uses 1 25

Pear Culture, Fields 1 25

Pedder's, James, Farmers' Land-measure 60

Percheron Horse 1 09

Peterson's Preserving, Pickling and Canning Fruit -50

Phin's Open-air Grape Culture and Wine Making 1 50

Quinn's Pear Culture for Profit 1 OO

Quinby's Mysteries of Bee-keeping Explained 1 60

Randall's Sheep Husbandry 1 .50

Randall's Fine Wool Sheep Husbandry 1 OO

Rand's Bulbs 1 60

Rand's Flowers for Parlor and (iarden 3 CO

Rand's I'opular Flowers and How to Culti\ate them 1 25

Rand's Garden Flowers 2 50

Rand's Orchid Culture 3 00

Rand's Rhododendrons 1 60

Robinson's Alpine Flowers 4 50

" Sub-Tropical Garden 2 75

" WildGard.n 2 25

Ropp's Commercial Calculator, doth $1, Morocco luck... 2 60

Rose Culturist paper 30

Robbins', R., Produce and Ready Reckoner 75

Saunders' Domestic Poultry, paper, 40 cloth 75

Saxton'B Hand Book, in foiir series, each t 50

Schenck's (Jardeners' Text-book 75

Scribuer's Ready Reckoner and Log-book 30^

Strong's Cultivation of the Grape 3 00

Ten Acres Enough 1 50

Thomas, J. J., Farm Implements 1 50

Thomas, J. J., Fruit Culturist ; old ed., $3 00 ; new edition 3 60

Tol)acco Culture 25

Ville's Chemical Manures 1 26

Warder's American Pomology 3 00

" Hedges and Evergreens 1 60

Waring's Drainage for Profit and Health 1 60

" Elements of Agriculture 100

" Earth Closets .50

Webster's Dictionary, Unabridged 12 00

Well's Every Man his own Lawyer 2 00

Williams, B. 8., on Stove & Greenhouse Plants, 2 vols.,ill'd 6 00

Williams, B. S., on Select Ferns and Lvcoiiod.< 2 60

Williams, B. S., Orchid Grower's Manual, 4 h e<litiou 2 50

" " " •' Mil edition 3 50

Window Gardening 1 .50

White's (iardening for the South 2 00

" Cranberry Culture 1 25

Wood's Class Book of Botany 3 .50

Wrighl't* Pnctical Poultry Keeper 2 00

Youatton the Horse 1 75-

Youwan's Houfcehuld Sciejice 2 0(>

♦26

THE ilOR /'/(. Y 'L TL KAL A I) I ER TISER.

AMERICAN GARDENER'S ASSISTANT.

By Thomas BridLjeinan.

Contalnlne coniplolo praotiral directions for tlio cultivation ot
Vegetables, Klowers, l-'ruit Tree.s and (iraix'vines. Illiistraltd
6*2^ pages, 12ino, cloth. Price $2.50. Sunt by uiail post-paid on
receipt of prico.

Address CIIA.S. II. MAROT,

814 rhohtnut St., I'liila

lannal of Botany of tie Nortliern UnlteJ States.

By Asa Gray.

Including the district cast of the Mississippi and north of Carolina
and Tennessee. Arranged according to the Natural System. Illus-
trated with 20 plates of Sedges, Gra scs. Ferns, &c 703 pages,
-8vo, half-arabesque cloth sides. Price, ^2.25. Sent by mail post-
paid on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

CLASS BOOK OF BOTANY.

By Alphonso Wood, A. M.
Being outlines of the Structure, Physiology and Classification of
Plant.s : with a Flora of the United States and Canada. 832 pages,
ivo, half arabesque cloth sides. Price, 53- 5o- Sent by mail post-
paid on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

INSECTIVOROUS PLANTS.

liy Chas. Danvln.

With roDiotirt drsrrii)tivc contt'nts and Index. IlliutraUid.
4C'.' p.'VR:'s, i'.;nn), cloih. I'rice$7.o0.
IScut by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

AddrcM CHAS. 11. MAROT.

8U Chestnut St., PhiU.

HOW TO LAY OUT A GARDEN.

Ity K<lAVir<l Kemp.

A general guide in Cboosin;;, l"<>rni'ri,i,' and Iroprovlnf; an I'>-
late (from u quarter-acre to 11 liuiidr duces in extent), with
reference to botli d'jsign and cxecuiiou. lllust aied with nu-
merous iilaus. sections and Kketchc.s. 403 pages, l^mo, cloth.
Price $2.60. Sent by mail f>ost-paid on rccci|.t nf pri e.
Address CHAS. H. MAUOT,

814 < hcsluut .■5t.. Phila.

SMALL FRUIT CULTURIST.

BY ANDRBW S. PVLLER.

Giving Description, History, Cultivation, Propagation, Dis-
eases, (&C.

Beautifully Illustrated.

276 pages. 12mo, cloth. Price ?1.50. .Sent by mail, post-paid
on receipt of price. Address,

CHAS. H. MABOT. 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

HOW PLANTS GROW.

By Asa Gray, M. D.

A simple Introduction to Structural Botanjr, with a Popular
Flora, or an arrangement and description of Commrn Plants,
both wild and cultivated. Illustrated with 500 wood engravings.
■233 pages, large 16mo, half-arabesque, paper sides. Price $1 25.
"Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT.

814 Cheatnut St., Philtu

FLORA OF THE SOUTHERN STATES,

By A. W. Chapman, M.D.
Containing abridged descriptions of the Flowbring Plants and
Terns of Tennessee, North and South Carolina, Georgia, Ala-
bama, Mississippi and Florida, arranged according to the Natural
■syj'em. 6:1 pages, 8vo, cloth. Price, ^3.60. Sent by mail post-
paid on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

BOOK OF EVERGREENS.

By Josiah Hoopes.

A jirartical treatise on the Coniforie or Cone-bearing plants.
Handsomely illustrated. 4.>5 pages, 12mo, cloth. Price g;j.04.'
^Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

ORNAMENTAL TREES.

By Thomas Meehan.

An American Hand-Book, containing the personal observa-
•tlons of ihc author. 2.'57 pages, 24mo, cloth. Price 75 cts. Sent
by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

HO\N JO MANAGE BUILDING ASSOCIATIONS.

By Edmund Wrigley.
Being a Director's Guide and Secretary's Assistant, with forms
for Keeping Books .ind Accounts, also rules, examples and explan.i
tions illustrating the various plans of working. 111 pages, ismo,
cloth. Price, $2 co. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.
Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

WORKING MAN'S WAY TO WEALTH.

By Edmund Wrigley.

A pr-xctical treatise on Building- Associations, what they art, and
hoiuto use them. 108 p^^ges, i6mo, cloth. Price, 7s cents. Sent
by Biail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

CARPENTRY MADE EASY,

OR, THE SCIENCE AND ART OF BUILDING.
ByW. E. Bbll, Architect.
A new and improved system, ^pecific instructions for Balloon
Frames, Barn Frames, Mill Frames, Warehouses, Church Spires,
&c. Also, System of Bridge Building. Bills, Estimates of Cost and
valuable tables. Illustrated by 38 plates and nearly 200 figures. 134
pages, 8vo, cloth. Price, $5.00. Sent by mail postpaid on receipt
of price. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

8x4 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

LAWN AND SHADE TREES.

By F. R. Elliott.

CHOICE STOV[ AND GREEIiUSE PUNTS,

By lienj. S. "Williams, F. B. H, S.

With descriptions of upwards of eleven hundred species and
varieties. In't ructions for tneir cultivation and mod ■ of maua'^c-
ment. Illustrated with colored frontispiece and numerous
splendid illustrations. 686 pages, 2 vols., I'imo, cloth Price
85.00. Sent by mail post paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT.

814 Chestnut .-t , Phila.

■ SELECT FERNS AND LYCOPODS.

By Benjamin S. Williams, F.R.H.S.
Comprising descriptions of 950 choice species and varieties, Brit-
ish and Exotic, with directions for their management in the Tropical,

Deciduous and Evergreen Trees and Shrubs, for planting in
Parks, Gardens, Cemeteries, &.C., &c. Illustrated. 125 pages f^^^p^ratg and Hardy Fernery, with numerous beautiful full-page
lamo, cloth. Price, J 1.50. Sent by mail, post-paid, on receipt of lu^j^j^^ji^^j ^53 pages, izmo, cloth. I rice, |j. 60. Sent by mail

ipnce.

Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT,
814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia-

post-paid on receipt of price.
Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT,
814 Chestnu' Street, Philadelphia,

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

2T

SUBTROPICAL GARDEN;

Or, Seauti/ of Form- in the floivcr Garden.

By W. Robinson, F.L.S.
Beautifully illustrated. 241 pases, 12mo, cloth. Price, $2.75.
Mailed, postage iree, on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. II. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

ART OF GRAFTING AND BUDDING,

By Charles Baltet.
Appropriately and fully illustrated by cuts, showing meth-
ods. tooLs and appliances. 230 pages, 12mo, cloth. Price.
$2.00. Mailed, postage free, on receipt of price.

Address, CIIAS. H. MAROT.

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

A HISTORY OF

The United States of America

BY JOSIAH W. LEEDS.

Including some important facts mostly omitted in the smaller

histories. Designed for general reading and for academies.

Brought down to I he year 1876. 46S pp , 12mo. cloth, toned papf-r.

Price,$1.75. Sent by mail, post-paid, on recept of price. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

PRESERVING, PICKLING AND CANNING FROIT.

By Mrs. M. E. Peterson.
C'lntainlng a choice collection of receipts of Preserving,
Pickling, and Canning Fruits, many of them biing original from
housewives of experience. 72 pages, 16mo, Cloth. Price 50
cents. Sent by mail, post-paid, ou receipt of price.
Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

Fruit Growers* Hand-Book,

By F. R. Elliott, author of "Western Fruit Growers'
<iuide," (one of the best posted men on the sutjject in the
United States). Contains the nractice ou all subji-cts connec-
ted with fruit growing. The book is made for those who grow
fruit for tlieir own use. Also an Appendix, containing matter
relating to the xelection and culture of Ornamental Trees,
Roses, Plants, &c. Illustrated with 45 wood-cuts, 1: 0 pages,
16mo cloth, 81 ; paper, 60 cts. Sent by mail postpaid on re-
ceipt of price. Address

CHAS. II. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

THE VEGETABLE CARDEIT.

BY JAMES HOGO.

A complete guide to the cultivation of Vegetables, contain-
ing thorough instructions for •Sowing, Planting and Cultiva-
ting all kinds of Vegetables; with plain directions for prepar-
ing, manuring and tilling the soil to suit each plant; including
also a summary of the work to be done in a vegetable garden
during each month of the year. 137 pages, 16mo., cloth. Il-
lustrated. Price .50 cents; sent by mail, postpaid, on receipt
of price. Address

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

AMERICAN FRUIT CULTURIST.

BY JOHN J. THOMAS.

Practical directions for the Cultivation of Fruit Trees in the

NUKSERY. ORCHARD AND GARDEN.

Descriptions of the principal American and Foreign ■varietirsc
Plain Edition, 480 engravings, 511 pages, 12 mo. Price, 83.001
Mailed post-paid on receipt of price.

ir^r K.xtra Kdition, 575 pages, heavy paper, fine cloth, 508

Jlluilraiions and chromo frontisnicce; mailed, for 83.7o."%.3l

Address CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnu St.. PhiW

By Edward Spragvk Rand, Jr.

A treatise on Hardy and Tender Bulbs and Tubers. 357 pages,
izmo, cloth. Price, ^1.50. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt
of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT.

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

BOOK OF ROSES.

By Francis Parknian.

Prs'jript'on, Cultivation a^-d Propagation. Beautifully ilhi^-
tra ed. 22") pages, r2mo, cloih. Price SI 50. S nt by muil
post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. II. MAROT.

814 Chestnut St., PhUa»

ROSES AND ROSE CULTURET

By Wm. Paul, F.R.H.S.
The rationale of Rose cultivation in a nut-shell. Intended to
place within a small compass all that is necessary for the successful
cultivation of the " Queen of Flowers." 83 p.nges, lamo, paper-
boards. Price, 60 cenfs. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of
price. Address,

CHAS. H MAROT.
814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

PARSONS ON THE ROSE.

By Samuel B. Parsons.

A treatise on the Propagation, Culture and History of the
Rose. Illustrated. 215 pngcs ]2mo, cloth. Price 81.50. Sent.
by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHA*? . H . M.A ROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila-

Howlb Paint

A New Work by a Practical Painter, degleii
ed for the nee of Tradesmen, ItlerltaiiIcK,
merchant)*- Farmerti, and as a Guide to Pri>-
feiinloiial Paiiitcrw. Containing a Plain Com
mon-Sense Statement of the Melho-ie emi)loyed hv
Painters to produce satisfactory results in PlHiit
and Fancy PalntliiKof every description, iucb.iil
ing Formulas for ITIixiii:; Paint in Oil <>r
Water, Tools required, etc. This is just the Booli
Deeded by any perBon having anything to paint, au't
makes

"Every Mar His Own Painter.'

Full Directions fr Jsing AVlilte Lead- l.a 111 p>
Black— Greer - Yclloiv— Brown— WIili-
iiiS — OIne- Pninlce Stone — SpirltM oi
Turpentln 1 — Oils — Varnlnhcjt — Fiiriil-
Jure Varnish —Milk Paint — PreparJnu
Kaldomine, etc.

Paint for Oulbuildings

— Whitewash— Paste for Paper-Hanalii:!
Han^iiiu; Paper— Grain in:;: in Oak, iTlH|>l<-.
ItoMetvood, Black Walnut — Staiiiiiii:
Decalcomanla— Makiiii; ICuHti<- Pi<'i:ii-'-

— Paintiii|£ Flower-Stands — Konewo.-.i
PoHnIi — VariilNliins; Furniture— W a \-
liiSj !• uriiiture— CleaniniU Paint—

Paint for Farming Tools

-for ITIaoIiincry— Household Fixture*, etr.

To Paint a Farm Wagon

—to Ke-Varnlsh a Oarriajje— to make Flut-
ter i'awtM. The work is neatly printed, with ill'.l^
trations wherever they can serve to make the !*ul)jeci
plainer, and it will save many tinicN it? c.i-r
fearly. Every family should possess a copy, I'ricr
oy mail, post-paid, $1.

CIIAKI.ES H. 3IAlU)'r.

814 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, Ph

28

THE II OR 7ICUL I i 'RA L A D VKR TISER.

BACK VOLUMES

d!" 'I'llK

Gardener's Monthly

C:m still be liiid in iiuhiIhth, pi-r venr - - - - $2 10
Bouud In Heat doth ciiscf, iiicliKliiij; minilicrs, - - - 3 00

" " Hoim •' '• - - - 3 IB

Drllvt'retl i)ONtaf;r frt-c.
Or mail ns jonr own niiinhcrs, and liavfi tliem honnd in cloth
casi'S for yo cpntp. l{ftnn;cd lo yon I'onnl poftufro fri-c.

Addrt'Ks,

CHAS. H. MAROT,
814 Chestnut Sti-eet,

PIIII.ADKI.PHIA.

I GARDENING FOR PLEASURE.

I nV PICTFR ilKNI>RR.SON.

I A puldo to the AiratiMir in f'o

FRUIT, VEGHTABLK nnd FI.OWKR GARDEN.

With full diroctions f,,r tlio
Greonhou'e, Con-^ervafiry arcl W ndow-Oarden
llliistratrd. L'.'iO I'aL"K. IJmo, cloth. I'riue 81.50. Sent by
mail po.st-jiaid on rcci'i|)* of price

.A.l.JpsM CH.XS. II. M.\Rf)T. Sll rh.-sfniit St., riiila.

AMERICAN FLOWER GARDEN DIRECTORY.

By llolnrl Jiuist.
With pra<'tical directioiii for the Cultnrfi of Plants in Flowor-
Uiaid n, Iloi-ll U.SC, (irepnlluu.si", Iluonis, or I'arlor Wind'ws,
fur esi:\; iimnth of the year. Iiistriictiuini for erectini; II- t-
liousc, Grcci boiis(!, and fayiiip; out a Kiower garden. Instruc-
liim for cultivaliiiK, propanatin^', iruiiinjj; and t'ainin^' the
(irap; vine and description of best torts for the np'-n air. ."WJ
pages. 12mo, cloth. rriceSl 50. Sent by mail po.st paid on receipt
of price. CHAtf. 11. iMAUOT,

81+ Chest uut St. Phila.

KEW AM) STANDARD IJOOKS

ON

ARCHITECTURE,

A.Nl)

AGRICULTURE,

Sent post paid on receipt of price.

Wooiln-ard s Arti.stic iJrawiMir Studies $

Woclward s Urijamental and Fancy Aliihabet«

W.-iidWiird s Country Horn, r

WoodiiM,,] s < ottag 8 and Farm Houses...
Woodward s Country ani .-ubuibLii Houses.

1 00 IwanI < (fi-aperies, to.-...

Wuidw.trd s Uusisfus for tin- Fret .^c«- . .'.
VVo'idward d National ArcliiNct. Vol One ..

Woodwards Na ionaJ Anliiuct, Vol. Two

AV heelers Homes f r the People

Whee er'8 Rural Homes '.

Copleys tand.ird Alphabets ..".'...'.'.

.J.icques' Manual of I lie House

-M.piiekton's .Natio' al Stair liuildir '.

Mon.kt us .N'atii'ir I Caipeuler and Joiner....

Rur.il Church .\rthi lecture

Hussey 8 .National ottage Architecluiel...

Cupi)er 8 Stair Builder

Kv.-l.-th H.-Jcho d llouPC Archilictuie...'.' ....'
iHarneyV Ha ns, Out Bui'diuL's j.nil Fences..
Jacques (Jirdeii Firm and Barn Y- rd

Todd's Youna Farmer'8 Manua . 3 Vo s

Vol.1 Fi-m and W tk.^^liop "

•• 2. Profitable Fanuiuff ;.'

„ ".3 Wheat Cultun-

Elliott 8 L wn and Shade Trees

fuller's F.irest Tree Culturist... .

Jlandalls l»rictical.'=hepherd

Wlllard's I'.aciica 1 Dairv Hu.sbandry '

Uillards Pracica I Butler Book

Lewis' Pranicl Poultry Book .' '

Ten Acres Boo c-h

How to Get a Farm, &c

Our Farm of Four Acres

Flax iluliure

Hu-raann s Crapes i.Uii Wiile'.!...'.'.'. !!.'].'

I'liiii s Grape Culture

Tliomery Sys'em of Grape Culture .'."..'.

Frank Forester's Field' Sports. 2 Vols

Frank Forester's Fish an<l Fishing .'

Kr.mk Foresters Yount' .Sportsman s Manual

J rank Forester's AineriGaii Game

I'ra.tical Trout Culture

The Breechloader

The Dead Shot. The Gun '.;;;;;;.'.

The Crack Shot. The Kifie '"

Fr.MK Forester's Horse o I America. Vv'o'ls. "

H_rse Portraiture — 'rraininsr Trotters

iiV",, ff-"reedinjr Bre^ki g. &c

Wa ace's American Trot'ing Register I

\Taliace s American Stud Book i

.O u u, Kod and Saddle '.■ '

Addrfss.

GARDENING FOR PROFIT.

BY PETICli HK.NDi;i:sON.

A Guide to the succcsaful cultivation of the

MARKET AND FAMILY GARDEN.

New and cnlargel edition. Illustrated 2''6 Pages, 12mo, cloth.
Price, Jrl-'iO. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt ol pi ice.

Address CHAS. U. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

PRACTICAL FLORICULTURE.

By Petkr Hknderson.
A Guide to the successful cultivation of

FLORISTS' PLANTS,

for the Amateur and Professional Florist. Illustrated. 288 pages,
I. mo, cloth, Price, $1 50. Sent by mad post-paid on receipt Of
price.

Address, , CHAS H. MAROT,

814 Chcsinut Street, Philadelphia.

ROSE GARDEN.

By Wm. Paul, F. B. H. S.

Embracing History of the Rose ; lorination ol Rosarium ; detail-
ed account of jiractice for .successful cultivation ; arrangement is
natural groups of most tstecincd varieties, English and Foreif n,
in the most eminent Gardens ; with full descripioii and remarks
on origin an mode of culture. Numerous illiistraticns. 2"iC
pages, Rojai 8vo, cloth. I'rice $3.00. Sect by nia 1 post-paid
on receipt orprice. Address CHA.S. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

GARDENERS' DICTIONARY.

By Geo. W. Johnson, Editor of " Cottage Gardener."

Describing the Plants, Fruits and 'Vegetables desirable for the
Garden, and explain ng the terms and upcr.ilioiis employed in
iiieir cultivation. New Edition, with a su plcmcni, ii. eluding the
new plants and varieties. 510 pages, i-.-mo, cloth, hne print. Price,
^3.50. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Ihiladelphia.

GARDENING BY MYSELF\~

By Anna Warner.

Containing Hints and Experiences under heading of each
month in the year. Illustrated. Ifimn, 2_'3 paees, cloth. Prica
$1.25. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of pi ice.

Address CHAS H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

WINDOW GARDENING.

By Henry T. Williams.

Devoted specially to the Culturo of Fl-^wcrs and Ornamental
Plants for In-door vse and Parlor DecortUion. .Splendidly illtis-
t atcd. 300 pages, med. 8vo, cloth. Price £1.50. Sent by mail
post-paid on rtceipt ol pr'ce.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

29

SITUATIONS WANTED.

BY an active young man, HB propagator, or in either private
or commercial es^t ibli^limcnt. Has ha(J many practical
years' experience in both, and well versed in nil branches of
the business. Can fill a situation in any department. First-
class references. No objection to anv part, of the country.
Address J. K., Florist, 145 North Fourth St., Philadelphia, Pa. j

AS gardener in a private or commercial place ; understands
the manaireraent of plensure grounds, vegetable and fruit
•garden*, graperies and forcing houses, with a decided knowl-
edge of ).)lant culture and propaeation. References of the best
description. Address Uardener, 137 Congress St., Troy, N. Y.

AS Propagator by middle of March by a German, married, in
a couiiiiiTcial est'iblishment, or to t"ke charge of a tlrst-
class privHte place. 20 years experience and the tiest of refer-
ence. Address Gardener, care of \V. S. Hayes, Downiugt >\vn,
Pa. leb -L

BY a Practical Gardener, married, no children, acquainted
with all kinds of in and outdoor culture for pleafure and
prolif; forcing vegetablfS, plants and fruits. Able to manage
any p af-e and take responsible charge, i^ati.'faciory refereme
as a trustworthy, first-elates nmn of easy temper, strictly sober,
honest and industrious. Address M. L., Landscape Gardener,
Elm Grove P. O., Wheeling, W. Va.

BY a single man, thoroughly competent lo take charge of a
private or commercial establishment. The propagation and
growini; of all kinds of plani-s, fruits and vegetables, forcing,
<fcc. First class New York and Philadelphia references given.
Address, B. Florist, Lock Haven, Pa. Box, U4.

BY an experienced, practical gardener and florist in a private
or commercial plai e. I'nderstinds all branches. Also
propagation and la-dscaping. Also agricilt'irsil. Can <rive
best Philadelphia refercr.ces of four years, middle-aged, mar-
ried, no cliildren. Address Jacob Mayers, Box 177, Consho-
hocken, Montgomery Co., Pa.

AS gardener, marrierii, thoroughly experienced in all branches
of gardening, including the raisingof cut flowers for vv in-
ter decoration. Also the designing and laying out of ornamen-
tal floner beds. A good prot'agator. Best of reference as to
character, ability, &c. Address H. R., care of H. A. Dreer,
714 Che^tnut street, Philadelphia.

AS gardener, married understands greenhouses, grapery,
flower garden and vegt-tahhs Knows his busine.-s in all
its branchi-s. Best of references. Address A. D., Markoe
St., West Philadelphia.

BY a hard-working, industrious gftrdener, of many years' ex-
perience, hotti in the nursery and kitchen garden. (.!an
lurnish the best kind of references. Address A. C, care Mr.
• C. Stocke, 1260 St. Clair St., Cleveland, Oliio.

A SCOTCH Gardener, single, has had long experience in
Europe and this country; understands all sorts of garden-
ing; can give best of references from last situation of nine
years. Samuel Baiid, Ithacia, Tompkins Co., N. Y.

BY a practical flower and vegetable gardener ; wishes to en-
gage in a private place on the 9th of March. Six years'
reference from last employer; 30 vears' experience. Address
"J. H.," 704 Market St., Wilmington, Del.

'TJY an American, sin^ile, wishes a situation as gardener; un-
,Jj der.-tands plain vegetable and flower gardening, and the
gen(;ral work of a country ulace. Would go as assistant on a
flrst-cliiss plMce. Good reference. Address Edmund E. Owen,
Newburgh, Orange Co., P. O. Box 674, N Y.

BY a young man with large experience in greenhouses for
several years ; also vi getable garden. Grows roses, shrubs,
^.everirreen-', and other pliints. Would mak(! himself generally
useful as foreman or as.'-ist'int either in private or commercial
place, or take charge of small place First-class references.
Is now at liberty and solicits correspondence. Address Rich-
ard Barrett. El^ View, Cheater Co., Pa

To x*X40:R.xs»i:*ts.

WANTED — A Situation as Foreman and Propagator; has a
thorough knowledge of the business in aU department-,
iniluding Propagation of Plants, l-rtyiuction of Cut Flowers;
large practice in the London nurseries: several years in a
leading commercial nursery at New York ; understands getting
up Pliints for Comm-rcial Shippintr aiid Local Trade; active
and industrious; anxious for position in a tirm doing a good
•tra!l<-; married man ; small family. Address, A. B., Box .^4,
Astoria V ()., Long Island Citv, N. Y. mch2

WANTED

A Fir-t-class Gardener, not afraid of work, single, well up
in the cultivation ot plants and flowers; an expeit in bouqiiets
and any floral desiirn ; of good habits plea'ant and asireeable,
especially to customers; hon"st a d otiiitrinu;. Addres-i
pLORISr, Lock Bo.r 5!H>, Wdtrrtown, JV. 1'.

The Horticulturist for 186'3, bound or unbound, with
colored plates. Address, stating condition and price wanted,

HEXRY T. AVIL.I.1AMS,
mch 1 46 Beekmaii St , N. Y. City.

Wanted, Catalogues

SPECIAL OFFERS of SEEDS

OP

FOREST TREES AND SHRUBS.

J^BNST FOIiSTEB, NurseripiKni,

mh 1 Soraii, IVieder Liaiisitz, Germany.

T£LECRAPH ENGINEER,

Office & Salesroom 180 B'way, N. Y. City. P. 0. Bos 4261.

ManufHCturer of and dealer in Telegraph Apparatus, and sup«
plies of all kinds. Telegraph Lines Built and Equipped wiih
Telephones. Dials or other apparatus. Sole mennfacfurer of
the 'Bankers and Brokers Check Protector," an absolute pro-
tection ag-iinst fraudulent raising of properly written checks,
Ac. Recommended and in use by the Publisher of this Jour-
nal, and by Banks, Bankers, and Business Men generally. tm6

8000

First-class APPLE
Prioes, address,

ROOTS, Very Low. For

ENGLE & BRO ,
Marietta, Pa.

D

OUBLE TUBEROSES.

We will pack and securelv deliv.r. by express, 100
Blooming Bulba for $1.50. 1000 Blooming Bu bsfor$10.
ENGLK & BRO.,
Marietta, Pa.

BEECROFT'S

WHEEL HOE AND HAND WEEDER.

Price greatly reduced for 1S7S. Also an immense stock of
Evergreens and Deciduous 'Ir^es of all kinds and sizes.

Fruit 'I'rees. Gtape Vines. Small Fruits, Shrubs and Roses,
will be sold at very low prices.

Price list sent free.

THOS. .JACKSON, Nurseryman,
mchl P'-rtlin'i Me.

ANTED— An active, industrious, single man
c.ipahii' o[ taking charge of a small gard^-n and
greonliou«es. References required Address
W. J. NKELiV,
Pittsburgh, Pa.

CLEMATIS.

CLEMATI-' JACKMANNI, 3 year^ Extra Strong.

PERPETUAL WHITE CLEMATIS, 1.5 sort*, 1 and 2 years.

We have 80 varieties of Clematis, in many shades of color.
Plants sent by mail, prepaid. Catalogues free.

Address, T. C. MAXWELL & BRO'S,

mch2 Geneva, N. Y.

liANUAL OF SMALL FRUIT CULTURE,

BV E. P. ROE,

("The chapter on picking and murketing is eminently practi-
cal and serj6d)le."— .4 iii(^r?crt;i Anriciiltxirist.)

How to raise ami market Strawberries, Rasjibcrries, Currants,
Gooseberries, Blackberries, &c. 82 paL'es. 8 vo., paper, price
50 cents. Mailed pos'-paid on receipt of price. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St.. Phils.

80

/•///•; HOR J'K Y 7. 7/ RA L API l-.R 'JISI:R.

Now

10,

Gregory .Faines J. H., Marblehead, Masa. .

Hales II. \V., Ritifirewood, N. J..

Harris Wtn. K., Philadelphia,

Hauser F. J., Reading, Fa.,

Heikes Nurseries Co., Dayton, ().,

Henderson [-"eter & Co., New Yorlt. .

Hewes A. II. «fc Co., Cainbridge, iMass.,

Hitchiiigs & Co., N-w York,

Hooker II. E., Kot^hester, N. Y.,

Hoopus Bro. & Thomas, W^est Chester, Ta.,

Hubbard T. fS., Frerloniii. N. Y'.,

Hudson J. K., Toppka, Kansas,

Husted J. B., Nassau. N. Y.,

Iowa Land Co., Chicago, lUiuois,

Jackson ThO'^., Portland, .\Ie , . . .

Jenkins J. Winona, Ohio

Kelsey Fred. W., Kochesler, New York,
Landreth David & Sons, Philadelphia,
Leroys Andre, Angers, France,
Little W. S , Rochester, N. Y'..
Lonsdale Edwin. Germantowu, Phila,,
Loomis H., San Francisco,

Lord's Horticultural Works, Irvingtou-on-the Hudson,
Lynex R., Philadelphia,

Maroi Chas. U , Philadelphia, Pa., 7, 11, 13, 15,

26,
Maxwell J. C. & Bros., Geneva, N. Y.,
Meehan Thomas, Germantown Nurseries, Phila
Merrell & Colemaii, Geneva, New Y'ork,
Michel Henry & Co., ^t. Louis, Mo., .
Miller & Hayes, Mt. Airy Nurseries, Phila.,
Neely W. J. Pittsburgh, Pa.,
Nielson H., St. Josepli Mo.,
Niinmo Alex.. Brooklyn, N. Y'.,

Nursery Cards,

Parsons R. B. & Co., Flushing. N. Y.,

Parsons & Sons Co., Flushing, N. Y'.,

Parry William, Cinnaniinson, N. J., .

Penfield Ch rles R , Lockport. New York,

Peters, Randolph, \Viluiiiit;toU. Del.,

Price & Knickerbocker, Albany, N. Y.,

Rakestraw & Pyle, Willow Dale, Chestsr Co., Pa.,

Randall Chas. A., New York,

Raonx C, New York,

Reed Geo. I. & Co., Nassua, N. Y.,

Roberts Josiah A., Malvern, Pa.,

Roe E. P., Coinwall-on-lIud.''ou, N. Y.,

Rolker Au<.'ust & Sons, New York,

SaulJohn, Washington, D. C,

Scbueren C. Theo., Cleveland, O.,

Seal Thomas F., Unionville, Pa.,

Sked Paddock & Co.. Cleveland, Ohio,

er,

10

Fly-leat
11

York,

10
9
11
11
12
14

11

11

Fly-leaf
11

14,

.Y.

1, F

Index to Advertisements.

A<lvertlSerS(irt' rf'iitfMlrd In hiii)- onlrtH in Inintt an EaULY as
Possible. Copti receircd aftt-r tlii' -I'lii u/ ea<-h moiitli caniml he
iNslntED iUHfrtion in the next ixHxie.
Ach.lls G,-o., West Ch--t.'r, Pa., . .

Agents .lonrnnl. New York.
Allen S. L. & Co.. Philadelphia, Pn..
Altorfer Gerold, West Chester, Pa., .
Anietican Steain-<hip I'o., Philadelphia, Pa.,
^yer & Son, Philadelphia.
Atkinson W., Phihidelphia, Pa.,

Barker Daniel, Norfolk. Va

Bayersdoifer M. M. & Co., I'liilacLdphia,

Ba-sett Win. F., Ha nmonton, N . .1 ,

Bellevue Nurs^ely Co., Pater^on, N. J.,

Benfon, Burpee & Co., I'hilaihlphia, Pa.,

Bliss B. K. A Son-, New York,

Bowker & Co., Storkbndi^e Nur-eries, Boston,

Brenneinan \V, H. Harrishiirg. Pa.. .

Briggs »t Bro., Rochester, N. Y., or Chicago, 1

Bridgeman Alfred, New York,

Bilisi R., Philadelphia, Pa.,

Blitz Paul & Son, New Castle, Pa..

Carpenter S. P. New RoctnOle. New York.

Carson \Vm. H., New York,

Collins John S., Moorestown, N. J., .

Dick John, Philadelphia, ....

Dingee & Conrad Co., West Grove, Pa., .

Douglass Robert, & Sous, Waukegan, 111.,

Dreer II. A., Philadelphia, Pa.,

Elder Walter, Philadelphia,

Ellwanger & Barry, .Mt. Hope Nurseries, Rochest

Eligle & Bro., Marietta, I'a ,

Everett & Small, Boston, .Mass..

Ferry D. M. & Co , Detroit, Mich ,

Fletcher K. S.. New York. .

Forster Ernst, Soran, Nii^der Lausitz, Germany

Galloway S. J., Montgomerj', 11am. Co., O.,

Gibson & Bennett, Woodbui7, New Jersey,

Gravett John, Lancaster, O

Green's Nurseries, Clifton, N. Y.,

Smith «fc Bntler, Newport, R. I.. ...

Smith & Lynch, Boston, Mas^.,

Soulhern Eiilerprise, .-Ulaiilic, (Ja..

St rrs Harrison & Co., I'alnesville, Lake Co., Ohio,
j Strailton & St.iritl, .New Yoik,
1 SutlK'rIaiid William, Pliilad.l|il la, P'l.,

The In(h-peii(leni. New York

'riiorbiirn J. M. & Co., New Yf.rk

VIck James, Rochester, .\'i-w York,

Walters Importing Co., I'iiiclnnati, <)..

Waters James, Watr-onville. Cal.,

Wat.son B. M., PIvinoiith, .Mass.,

Wood J. C. & Br<".., Kislikill. N. Y

Williams A K., Richmond, lud.,

Wyman E. Jr., Roektord, III..

2

14

17.24

11

1,9,11

29

21
17

lO
10

lt>
12

15
13
15
29
15
6
15
12
ly-leaf
11
5

lO

15

1

13
3
1ft, 17
8, 12
18
10]
18

^'

29 !

Cover

Fly-leaf

Fly-leaf

17

20

9

9

7

7

17, 23, 24, 2S,

27, 28, 29, cover

. 20, 29

7, 14, 18

18

20

29
15

Cover

13

24

Cover

15, IS
19
15
11
23
29
6
11
21
24
6, Fly-leaf

14, 17
11
10
10

For SitiiatloiiH AV'uiiltil, M-e i>uk«' 'ZM,

H. B. Parsons & Co.

offer to buyers of the best Trees and Shrubs a very well
grown stock at low rates. Among them ar^- Rhodod'iidrons of
the quite hardy sorts, and in qualiiy and piice preferalile to
imported plants. Also Hardy and ( hinese A/ah us, Japan iind
(.'hiliese .Magnoliaf, Hardy and (irceiihoui-e Roses, grown in
open ground, and at low rales. \\'e invite tl e attention ot

NURSERYMEN AND DEALERS

To our general stock, both llccidiious und Kvfrfjfrffii,
which is very large and complete. The raier Evei-gret-iiH,
;is well as the old sfiindard sorts, we grow in huge quai.tily.
Fluwerluf; ShrubM we offer at low rates. Our Purple
Iteecli, grafted from really purple-leaved trees, are very fine.

Our Nursery and Greenhouses being on ground once oci'U-
pied by the old house of Parsons <fc Co., visitors will find it
quite accessible trom either the Bridge or Main Su Railiond
Stations. For Catalogues, address,

R. B. PARSONS & CO.,

Box 99 lioune A ve., J-'limhiiig, S. >'.

&t

fst PREMIUM

It

STUAWBEEEY

and all other Small Fruits, for sale by E. P. ROE, Autb ir < f
'Culture of Small P^ruiV-i — How to Grow .ind .Market then."
Also proprieter (jf the celebrated new seedling Raspberry
"PRIDE of the HUDSON" (see Oct., '?7, No. of Am.
ArjriciUtnrint). All the leading kinds in large quantities.
Pure, lirHt-class plants and cHoice new kinds a specialty.
It will pay those wishing to re-.>Iock iheir grounds with plantfc
they can rely upon, to Scud for circular. Descriptive catalogue
anfl price list free to all. Address

Comtvall-on-Hudson,
Oruuge Co., N. V.

feb. tf.

E. P. ROE,

1878. DREER'S GARDEN CALENDAR 187H.

contains descriptive and price list of Vegetable. Flower and
(Jrass Seeds. Plants, Bulbs, Novelties, and every GARDEN
RECiUIsITE. Illustrated, Mailed free.
feb. HENitY A. DKEER, 714 Chestnut St., Philadelphia.

The Farmer's Account Book

A Complete Syhtciu of liook-Iieepiu;; for KarinerH,
Plauters aittl Gardeuem,

BY A. L. C-AMI'FIELD.

Evtry one should keep a strict account of all business trans-
actions, and thereby save much trouble that comes of neglect.
This is a plain, pl'actical system of book-keeping, eas-ily unrier-
i-tood. and especially adapted to the wants of the "Farmer.
Full instructions in each book. Can be carried in an ordinary
pocket; 180 pages, bound in sheep skin. Price 75 cents. Mailed
postage free on receipt of price. Address

(."HAS. H. MAROT. 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

THE GARDENER'S MONTHLY

AND

Horticulturist,

Subscribers are requested to send at least one new name with their own, if possible. For
this attention, we will furnish the two at S3. 20 for the year.

TWO NEW subscriptions at S3.20 ; five at ,$7.00

Responsible Agents wanted — to whom a liberal commission will be allowed, retainable out of
subscriptions secured and forwarded. We do not hold ourselves responsible for the acts of Bogus
Agents.

Any subscriber who has already renewed his subscription and paid S2.10, may order a new
subscriber at rate of S3.20 the two, by remitting the additional $1.10 to balance, and oblige, with
thanks for past favoi's and efforts.

All subscribers, at whatever rate, are invited to take advantage of our list of Club Papers on
another page.

CHAS. H MAROT, Publisher, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

(Late of the Firm of Nitnnio & Scollay,)

PATENT IMPROVED HOT WATER BOILERS,

0)

O.E
(fi « >

c C

V)

H ©P « -.^ ^ a ^

33 a-M jQ _^

(A n

go^'^-l-tl E,
fc ►« «fia,^ ope
«*• s: ^ fl. 08

«o- o

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©U.

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PRIZE MEDAL AND DIPLOMA AWARDED THIS BOILER AT THE
CENTENNIAL EXHIBITION.

iJg'- Pleaee !>eM(l tor <. ircular for explanation, etc., before you make up your mind to purchase elsewhere.

st'p 12 1204 Degraw Street, near Nostrand Ave., Brookljm, N. Y.

A HAUDY, HEW AUD DELICIOUS FHUIT

THE JAPANESE PERSIMMON, OR KAKI.

(Iraltwl riunt^, in the vnriftlcw, 1 year old, $1.00 i-ach, by mail <ir cxpri'Hs; 2 your nlfl, $2.00 each l)y t-xpreSH. Also a very large
and ni(>!<t complete assortment of all kinds of Jliirrli/ and Half Itartli/

FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL

Sp(!ci;\llies made of HllUDoDKNDKONS, I'UHI'LK HKKCII,

IIAKDY AZALEAS, CHINESE AZALEAS. ("AMKLLIAS, MAONOLIAS,

HOSES, NEW AND KAKE i'LANTH.

l*i'ice List Free. Descriptive Catalof/ne 10 cents.

PARSONS & SONS CO., Limited.

Kissena NurserieSy Flushinff, N» V.

NEW DEPARTURE.

At the solicitation of many of our friends, we this season, pubHsh our

CATALOGUE ofVECETABLE, AGRICULTURAL, FLOWER
and TREE SEEDS, together with ALL THE NOVELTIES OF

THE SEASON, under one cover, FBBE TO ALL on appHcation,
by mail.

J. M. THORBURN & CO.,

j»ni 1.5 John Street, New lork.

CTEItTI^IIsrS'

Grape and Seedling Nursery,

WINONA, COLUMBIANA COUNTY, OHIO.

4**,

YOUNG STOCK FOR NURSERYMEN AND PLANTERS.

AMERICAN CHESTNUT, Ameriran Linden, Tnllp Poplar, Scarlet Maple, 1 to 2 ft., $3.00 per 100; $20.00 pei 1000.
PYRUS JAPONICA, ^'aiycaothus Floridua Magnolia ac, Cornus Florida, (Dogwood,) 1 to 2 feet, $5.00 per 100; $40.00

ptT \Oll(l

SUCAR MAPLE, iron-wood and White Ash, 1 to 2 ft., f 1 .00 per 100; $fi,00 per 1000.
•' " and American Beech Seedlings, 4 to 8 in, $1.00 per 1000.

" " " " " 6 to 12 in., $2..')0 per 1000.

CONCORD CRAPE. Vines for transplanting, flO.OO per lOOO. IVES' SEEDLIN C.for tranBplantlng,$16 per 1000.
" Medium, No. 1, $15.00 per 1000. " " Medium, No 1, $20 perlOOO.

" " " Extra, No. 1, $20 per 1000. " " Very Extra, No. 1, $36 per 1000.

" " " " 2 years, $26.00 per 1000.

EVERCREENS. Norway, White and Scotch Pines, twice tp., 10 to 20 in., $3.00 per 100; $20.00 perlOOO.
NORWAY SPRUCE, lia'sam and American Silver Fir, 10 to 20 in., twice in., $."5.00 per iOO; $40.00 per 1000.
AMERICAN ARBOR VIT^ and Weeping Spruce, , -5 to 9 in., once tp., $7.00 per lOOO.

" •' 2 ft., twice tp., nursery, $5.00 per 100; $40.00 per 1000.

IRISH JUNIPER and Sib. Arbor Vit<e, tp., 4 to 8 in., $5.00 uer 100; $40.00 per 1000. Arbor Vit«, Golden Compacta and

(VIoboHji. f'^ On |» r liiO; $75.00 per 1000.
APPLE SEEDLINCS. Choice No. 2, large enough to graft, $2.00 per 1000. For transplanting and budding, 10,000 for $5.
THE SUCAR MAPLE, admired for its beauty and trorsjeous autumn colors, we make a specialty of furnishing

in qiiautity. The tiee.s ;<h(iuld be cut back near the ground on removal, when they throw up a new, vigorous shoot, like

the Peach. Our largest cu.stomers have us cut them back at the nursery, reducing the expetise of freight*, handling and

packing.
Sugar Maple, 2 to 4 ft., cut back, $S.00 per 1000,
" *' 4 to 6 ft., " $15.00 per 1000.
" 6 to S ft.. " $25 00 per KKM).
MAZZARD CHERRY SEED. Fresh, new, frozen in sand, $6.00 per bn.

THE ART OF PROPAGATION, by J. Jenkins ; a Hand Book for Nurserymen, Florists, Gardeners and Farmers,
amply illusiratea, post-paid for 50 cts.; or sent free with first order of $10.00, or upwards. Address

feb.3 Wi:iSrO]Sr.A., C03L.XJTva:BIA.lSr.A- CO., OHIO-

The Gardener's Monthly

AND HORTICULTURIST.

EDITED BY THOMAS MEEHAN,

A.Hsisti'.l l)y «n ul>li> Corps of AMKHICAN mid FOKKKiN C'OHKKSI'ONDKN'T.S.

It is publislicd on the first of every month, at the office. No. Sl4 CHESTNUT STREET,
PIIII-.VDELPIIIA, where all Bt'stxkss eominuiiications siiould be addressed.

CoininimicatK.iis for (lit' Editor sIkhiM Ite addnsscMl : Th(>ma< Mkkiiax. C;krm\\t<»\vv. I'liilada.

SUBSCRIPTION PRICE, Postage paid, $2.10.
TERMS OF ADVERTISING.

icnl

J col.

1 col.

^ col.

\ col.

1 col.

1 pajjc.

One- Tliii*-,

S3 00

$4 00

$(> 00

$8 oo

S12 OO

$34 00

$48 OO

Two to TUret- Times, eatU.

•i 70

.{ 00

5 40

7 ao

10 SO

31 GO

43 30

Four to Six TlMK's, '>

a 'ir.

3 OO

4 50

6 00

9 00

18 OO

30 00

Seven to Nine Times,

•i oo

■Z 70

4 00

5 35

8 00

IG OO

33 OO

Ten to Twelve "

1 80

3 40

3 60

4 SO

7 30

14 40

38 80

Twelve lines nonpariel iu •„ col. A less spact- than ',; col. will be fiii-uishecl at rates in exact proportiou, line for line.

For THIRD and LAST COVER PAGES ; FIRST PAGE advertisement /acrn^ reading matter; "FLY-LEAF PAGE" (front
«f number) br/nrr reading matter and/acin/; lirst cover— special ttgures will be given on application.

COPY and orders for NEW advertisements should be on hand by the 2'zd of each mouth; and CHANGES of COPY in
running contracts by the 16th of each month, to in.tiin; them in the following issne. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT, Publisher, 814 Chestnut St., Philadelphia.

CONTENTS OF THE APRIL NUMBER.

SEASONABLE HINTS:

Flower Garden and Pleasure Ground 97-98

Greenhouse and House-Gardening 10S-I05

Fruit and Vegetable Gardenin;: lOii-Ill

CORRESPONDENCE :

Carpet Beds

Notes for 1877 ,

Preservation of the Leading Shoots of Evergreens..

Koees Blooming to the Ground

Orchids, with other Plants. Oncidinms

Cultivation of the Verbena

Cineraries

Notes on Raspberries

Lime for Apple Orchards

The Chenango Strawberry Apple

Ailanthu? and Rose Bugs

Pear Culture •

Cracking of the Pear

Celestia Apples

Willow Oak

Quercus Pbellos and q. Faicata

Eucalyptus at Norfolk, Va ,

Oil for Fruit Trees

The Japan Persimmon

History of the Weeping Willow

Plant Protection

Hh-99
100
100-101
101-102
103-105
105-106
100-107
109-110

no

110

no

110

111
m
ii:{
lis

113
115

115 116
119

119-120

Timber llH-ll

Carnivorous Plants— Linum Perenne— The Ameri-
can Poplars— Pear Blight— The Pear Blight— Tak-
ing Off Potato Blossoms— Specific Heat in Trees—
Intc^rnal Heat of Plants — Slitting the Bark of Trees

—Ripening of Fruits 116 118

European Notes by the Editor— The Boston Public
Trees — The Post-office Ruler Again— Horticultural
Importations— W'uy^CJardeners should Marry — Dar-
win and Bryant — Prof. Kiley in Europe — Transac-
tions of the Minnesota H(n-ticultural Society —
Drew's Window Garden- Mr. Robinson's Wild Gar-
den— Horticultural Catalogues- The Rural . New-
Yorker- That Bogus Agent 120-12.'5

Address of Marshall P. Wilder— Horticniture in
("alifornia— New York Horticultural Society — The
Kentucky Horticultural Society— Maryland Horti-
cultural Society— Massachusetts Horticultural Soc'y 125-12S

NEW OR RARE PLANTS :

Varieties of Primula — Venus Looking Glass. ..
New Regal Pelargonium, Mrs. John Saul

NEW OR RARE FRUITS, VEGETABLES, &c.
Brewington Pippin Apple

FORESTRY

10.t
109

112
11»

EDITORIAL NOTES:

Winter Carpet Bedding— Winter Heliotrope— Red

Beet for Decorative Purposes 102-103

Vines for a Bay Window— Coal Oil Lamps for Small
Window Cabinets— Leaf Plants for Room Decora-
tion—Tuberous Begonias as Bedders 107-109

Fruit Culture in Texas— The American Vines in
France— Coffee in America- Profit of Grape Grow-
ing—The most Popular Pears in France— Service

Berries Tjl 112

American Forestry and Horticulture at Paris— Tree
Planting in Minnesota— A Good Move— Wood of
Oerasus Serotina— The Profit of Forestry— Catalpa

NATURAL HISTORY AND SCIENCE 115-116

LITERATURE, TRAVELS AND PERSONAL NOTES, 119-12«
HORTICULTURAL SOCIETIES 125-138

SCRAPS AND QUERIES:

Growing Epiphyllum Truncatum

Lime for Orchards— Utah Currant— Fruit of Japan

Persimmon

Hardiness of the Eucalyptus

Seedless Mountain Ash— Botanical Name of the
Sweet Potato — Seeds ©r Plants from other Localities
— Pinus Aristata — The Name Imatophyltum —
Double Amaryllis 118-119

109

118
115

Szlract From Our Wholesale Frice List

OF

ASKETS.

THE pi!TY or OIIR Ml EKCEL5 mi OF AH? OTHER IH THE UlEl

WHEAT, OATS A DID GRASS TRIM MED. -Our Make,

Oval Handle, No. Ul,

Round Handle, No. 154,

I^ong, boat-shaped, -witli handle, No. 103, V

6 f S 9^.i 11 12 13 14 ill. (liiim
30c. 45c. 60c. 75c. $1.25 $1.50 $1.75 $2.00 eacli.
5 0 7 in. diameter.

50c. 65c. 80c. each.

7 8 9 10 in. long

25c. 3Sc. 50c. 05c.

Sqnare Stand, >vith handles crossing, No. 108, @, 75c, $1.00 and 1.50 eacli.
Sheaf Bashets, No. 129, (ns $1.00, 1.25, 1.50 and 1.75 each.
Funeral Sheaves, No. 113, @ $1.00 and 1.25 each.
Cradle Baskets, >o. 127, @ 75c., $1.00, 1.25, 1.50 and 1.75 each.
Small Crib, No. 153, @ 35c. each. Large Crib Basket, very elegant. No. 143

(I.. $1.00 each.
Temple Stands, @, $1.00, 1.50, 2.00, 2.75 and 3.00 each.

And Many Other Beantiful Designs.

V^^HITE AND aiLT— Best Make.

13

Koiind Dishes, No. 1,
Oval Cishes, No. 2,
<'val Handle, No. 3,

" " No. 4,

No. 6,

40c.

6^

30c.

8

50c.
10

55c.

60c.
12

40r.
10

70c.
14

90c.
11

50c.
11

S5c.
16

inches in diameter.

each.

each.

inches long.

70c.

80c.
9

90c
11

$1.00

) 50c. 63c. 75c.

And any other Style in this IJne.

$1.10 oach.
inches. Gipsy ptyle.

each,
inches. Fnicy style.

each,
inches. Low style, very good.

each.

IMPORTED NATURAL WICKER.

Round Dish, or Oval, Nos. 503 and 504,

.1 1^
\ 75c.

^y, 4

: 8

.00 1.20

S-wlss Moss or Violets, No. 509,

1.40
5)4

10
1.75

inches in diannti'v.

per doz.

inches in dinnirti <•

) 2>rC 3 3>r; 4 4i<) 5 5;^ 6 7 8

/ 35c. 40c. 50c. 60c. 75c. 90c. $1.10 1.30 2.00 2.50 per doz.

And all other leading styles in great variety. We mail Illustrated Sheet and Price List, free to the trade, on application

Immortelles, white and colored, a $4.50 jtcr doz.
rrinre Stuffed Piyeons, flyiny, a $2..iiO each.

Tinfoil, at 10 cents per porml.
liatterjiies, (iOc. per ho.r often.

Florists' Supplies in Full Variety— Seeds and Bulbs, Address,

AUGUST ROLKER $c SONS,

44 Dey Street, New York.

IfS^ See also additional stock on page 4 and 5, advert i.-<ing cohimn.«._^^

LANDRETH'S GARDEN SEEDS

AIIK OIIOWN ON (liril KAIIMH

PEXy^SYLYANIA, NIJU JJJJfSIJV, VIJiflTNIA AND lVrSCONSJ\.

1,500 .^^cres

Ovviii'il. oc(ii])'n'(l iiiiii culiiviitfd by oiir(<i'lvi'f , bt-HidoH as iniiiiy more acres dikUt (:oiitra<l.

They Speak Their Own Praise Wherever Planted.

I'd 'II' lnplmiuis. Kour Medals ami 'I'lirci' Spci ial I'ri/.cn a\\Mr<icil onr i-xhiliiiion at tlii! ('KN'I'Kls NI.\l..
l.all(ll( thV Hiiral l{cL.'intcr and Almanac, ('ontainlng prid'p and nnicli valuable inl'orniation, niaili'd to all ai>plican(i<.
WliidfHaU- iradi- prices to deaU-rs on application.

DAVID LANDRETH & SONS,

'""•••IS 21 and 23 S. Sixth St., Philadelphia.

1^"

My annual CatalogUK ol Vugelahlc and F.owcr Seeds for 1S78,
rich in engravings', will be sent FKEE to all wbo apply. Cus-
tomers of last season need not write for jt. I offer one of the
larfjeet collections of vi'f.'etablo seeds ever sent out l)y any seed
house in America, a larjre imrtion of which were grown on ray
six seed farms. Printed direct tan a for cidtivntion <m eaek pack-
age. .\11 seed warranted to be both fresh and true to name ; so
far, that should it prove otherwise I will refill the order gratis.
New Vefjetableo a 8|>ecialty. As the original introducer
of the Hubbard Squash, Pbinney's Melon, Alarbhihead Cah-
bHges, Mexican Corn, I offer several new vegetables this
season, and invite the ])atronage of all who are anxioufi to have
their seed directly from the rjroner, frenh, true, and of the very
best straiix
<lec5 JAMKS J. H. GREGORY, Marblehead, Mass.

GREAT REDUCTION IN PRICES

'I'otliDi-e wisliipg lo procure liiu- tkees. siimns an ■ i-i.a.nt-.
1 select the HEST S'I'OCK lmowii in recpoiicibK' miiveri. s.
(_4UAKANTEK its HKLIAHIIJ'IY. and, neing in constant cor-
resiiondence with nurserymen in Kur.)pe and America, my
facilities for furnishing to advantage ai-l vaiuetiks of kink

NITHSEUY STOCK ARE UNEQl'ALEl). T'^JS lias given MIC m'lcb

of the best business in tlie country of Tahks. Cemetbries
AND Private Estates, the furnishing of whi<h 1 make a
specialty. References of this character ir desired. Descrip-
tive catalogue with colored i)late, Jic; to customers without
charge. All orders or inquiries by mail will receive careinl
attention. Address, FRED. W. KEI.SEY.

(•'orhester, N. Y

NURSERYMAN'S

DIRECTORY

of 1877-78.
A reference book of the Nurserymen, Florists, Seedsmen, Tree
Dealers, (fee, for the United States. Al))liabetically arranged by
.Slates and Post Offices. 310 pages, 8vo. Price $1(1.00. Mailed
pos'-paid, on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

SMChestnut St., Phila.

IL&WHOLESALEV

The Gardener's Monthly

HORTICULTURIST for 1878.

SiiUs<>rib«rN are reque.-sted to send at lea.st one new name witli tlicir own, if possible. Fortius atten-
tion, \vu \vill furnish the two at S3.20 for the yeaV.

TWO NEW snhscni.tions at *;5.20 ; Hvo at ST.OO.

Rpsponsible Ayents wanted — to whom a liberal coininission will i)e allowed, retainable ont of subscriptions
.v<f:-nred and forwarded. We do not hold ourselves responsible for the acts of Bogus Ar/eiit.t.

Any M]<<b!<criber who has already renewed his sni-scription and p.iid S2.10, may order a new subscriher
at rate of >"i.'20 the two. by remitting the additional *;1.10 to lialance, and oblige, with thanks for pa.st favors
:ind efforts.

All sub.scril)ers, at Avhatever rate, are invited to take advantage of our hst of Club Papers on ai.other
pao^e.

CHAS. H. MAROT. Publisher, 814 Chestnut St., Philadeiphia.

THE HOR TICi Z Tl 'RAL AD VER TISER.

PLANTS FOR FLORISTS' STOCK.

Named sets of sonif of the leading classes of plants, embracing most distinct and desirable sorts. Specially selected as the
best litted for florists' stock for propagation.

Abiitiluiis, set of 10 distinct named kinds f'2 00 Geraniums, bronze, set of 10 distinct named kinds 1 00

Ageratums, " 7 " '• " "5 ■' Ivy leaved, 12 ••' '• '• 100

Axaleas, '• 25 " '■ '" i^ 00 Llei-ljaceous plants, hardy, set of 25 distinct named

Carnations, monthly, set of 25 distinct named kinds V 50 kinds 2 00

Cli»-ysan1Ji.cmuins, Pompone, set of 25 distinct named Heliotropes, setof 15 distinct named kinds 1 00

Uinds 2 50 Iris, Japan. " 6 •' " " 100

Ctii-j-santi»emnnis, l.arye, set of 25 distinct named Pentstenions, " 10 " " 100

kiuds 2 50 Pliloxes, hardy Herbaceous,ser of 25 distinct named kinds 2 00

Clirysantiiemwnis, Japanese, setof 25 distinct named Pinks, Florists', hardy. • 25 •' •• '■ 2 00

liiQfls 2 50 ■■ summer flowering, •• 6 •• •■ •• 50

Coleiis, crolden set of 15 distinct named kinds 100 Roses, monthly (4 inch). " 25 ■• •■ •■ 3 00

velvet, '■ 15 '■ " •• 1 00 •■ hardy Hybrid Perpetual (4 inch), 25 distinctnamed

Oalilas Pompone,25 •• •■ 2 50 kinds 3 00

Liarjje Hoovered, .Setof 55distir.ct named kinds 2 50 Secluni (Stonecrop). set of 25 distinct named kinds 2 00

li'ucUsias, set of 25 distinct named kinds 2 00 Verbenas, new, of 187S. set of So distinct named kinds... 3 00

Geraniums, zonal, set of 25 distinct named kinds 2 5'i • general collection. .50 •• ■' " ...3 00

double, " 25 " ■• •• 2 .'^O " best market sorts, 25 •■ '• - ... i i,n

scented, " 12- " " '■ 100 Violet Belie, de Chateeuay. new double white per dozen 3 00

TTeg-etsulole iF'la.nts for Is/lsirl^et 0-a.rd.eziers.

Aspargus, Colossal, 2 rear old roots $1 per 100 or $T per 1000

CABBAGE AM) CAULIFLOWER PL AIVTS,
that have been wintered over in cold frames, and are ready to plant out at any time from February to end of April, of the fol-
lowing varieties :

Per 100 Per 1000. I Per 100. Per 1000.

Cabbage. Henderson's Early Summer.. ..$1 50 SIO 00 | Cauliflower, Early Snowball, Tocts. perdoz. 4 00

E.iiiv Jersey Wakefield 1 00 7 .50 I Lettuce. Curled Simpson 1 00 6 00

Cauliflower. Early Dwarf Erturt 2 00 15 00 | iBoston Market 100 6 00

BS^HOT BED Plants of all tlie above sorts ready about May 1st, at Half tlie above rates.
Many of our customers each year are disappointed by ordering too late, after our cold frame plants are all gone. Orders will
be received at once for them, which will be reserved and sliipped when desired.

Rhubarb Roots. Linnanis and Victoria .$2 00 per dozen 12 00 per 100

Egg Plants. Pot grown, New York improved. Ready in May "5 •' 4 00 "

Black Pekin " •• 75 ■• 4 00 "

Pepper" " Large Bell, or Bull Nose " " 75 " 4 00 "

Tomato plants ready May 1st. --Nhw York Market," "Trophy," and -'Canada Victor." Strong transplanted plants, $3 per 100;
$2" per 1000, Descriptive Catalocrue of •■Everythiu£ for the Garden" free.

PETER HENDERSON & CO., 35 Cortland St., New York.

The Largest and most complete Stock in the
U. S. at prices to suit the times.

We call i^artioular attention to the following : —

JUNIPER Reevesii— fine plants, 4-5 feet. Virginiana giauca, ^"j and n-: ft. Beautiful

silveiy foliage.

LIBOCEDRUS deCUrrenS— one of the finest E:vergreen.s from ('alifornia, 2-3 and 3-4 ft.

SPRUCE IVIOrinda — in foliage, has the character of the Deodar Cedar. Habit graceful and ele-
gant. Propagated from a particularly hardj- specimen growing on our
grounds, 2-3 and 3-."') ft.

SILVER FIR, European-^--' ft- Nordmann's, --' ft.

PINES, MonSpeliensiS— As vigorous as the Austrian, and more picturesque, 4-5 ft.

Jeffreys — -^ noble 1 ine from California, with deep bluish green leaves, 4-5 ft.

Com bra — ^wiss stone Pine, silvery foliage, elegant conical habit, 2-3 and 3-4 ft.
For full descriptions of the Stock we offer, and prices, refer to Catalogues No. 2 Descriptive, and Xo. 4
Wholesale, sent by mail, post-paid, on receipt of 25 cents.

ELLW ANGER & BARRY,

MOUNT HOPE NURSERIES, Rochester, N. Y.

FOE FLOmSTS .^ DIALERS OITLY.

We are ROSE GROWERS- not Florists. OUR GREAT SPECIALTY
is GROWING and DISTRIBUTING ROSES. As we have now ready for
the Spring trade 40 LAIIGB HOUSES CUOWBBD FULL OF MOSES,

it follows that we can offer purchasers the best possible inducements in
Prices, Quality of Plants and Choice of Varieties.

T/te lotv prUe and exceUe^it <ju((liffj of our Iloses^
foifcfhvr irifh our Hbct'dl ami saHsfacfortj way of dohuj
h as hi css^ a t 'e fa sf con v it tcht f/ I" to i • /.s*^.v e vei 'tj where that It
pays better to hatj Roses of as than to yrotv them, par-
tie atari n ajhere hoase-room is scarce and f/tass needed
for otJier par poses,

SIZE AND QUALITY.-The Roses we offer are EXTRA STRONG,
VIGOROUS, WELL-ESTABLISHED PLANTS. Size, grown in 3 in. pots,^
the best for Florists' use.

As our Roses are grown in ordinary fertile soil, without manure of
any kind, they have an abundance of well matured fibrous roots, re-
quire no petting, but are ready to make rapid growth as soon as shifted,
and are exactly what Florists and Market Gardeners want to buy for
Spring sales.

SELECTION OF VARIETIES.-We grow the most desirable sorts in
such large quantity that, except in special cases, we can usually give
Florists their choice of varieties without increase in price.

HOW PACKED.— The Plants are taken from the pots and the earth
carefully removed from the roots, which are then nicely puddled,,
wrapped in damp moss and packed in tight boxes lined with paper. In
this n'fty Flauts iwr prescrreil in pcrftrt ffrotrittf/ roudifion and trarel
(It fotrrst jHtssibff ro.st. Can ship with Balls on when desired.

ITS. X0:E3S» :

By Express, the purchaser paying Express charges, S7 per hundred,
$60 per thousand. By Mail, postage prepaid by us, $7.50 per hundred,
$64 per thousand.

So Charge for Boxes or Packing. Safe Carriage always guaranteed^ vshether sent by Express or
Mail. We recom)iiend, however, that Wholesale Orders be sent by Express whenever convenient.

Tkrms: — Cash with the Order. Descriplive Lists free on application.

Address THE DINCEE & CONARD CO.,

West (wrore, Chester Co,, Pa.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADlLiRTJSER.

^»-

hitciiTngs~& CO.,

No, 233 Mercer Street,

ijelween Bk-ecker aii<l We:;t 3d Streets,

NEW YORK.

01*er theii- vei-y

l<»r^e Stook o±"

poaX srefii-iiise Healii ApralDS

' ^

At prices lower than at any time
withi»i the past thJrty years.

^ ^ _ ^

/^Patent Corrugated Fire Box Boilers, =^
Conical Boilers,

Saddle Boilers and
Base Burning Water Heaters; ^^

Heating Pipes and Pipe Fittings

OF KVEllY DESCRIPTION AND SIZE.

S ASH^LIFTIN Q APPARATUS

UF MOST Al"PROVi:i> P'ORMS.

Send 6 ..ems postage for Catalogue. Refereneec.
atid Lifet of Prices.

iriv

ZTDP^

Clt=:

//// //( )// //( Y 7. // R. 1/ .l/)l 7: A' r/S/A'

M. M. BAYERSDORFER $c CO.,

56 North Fourth Street,

PHILADELPHIA, PA.

Wr >'. : I., .,,'1 the ;ittL-nli<)ii of tlie WHOLESALE mid RETAIL TKA OH in
FLORISTS' GOODS lo our w<ll Mssortni st,..-k for ih-- Fall s.-m'^ .n :

BOQUET PAPER (Italiens,)

Plain Wliite Kdiic^s. Gold and Silver Edges, Pasted Oartoons, White Satin for Bridal
Bixjiiets, Fancy Lare Paptrs for Wedinns, Ilecepiicms and Parlies.

IMMORTELLES,

(Urigin-d bunches, selected bj- one of our firm.) White <>
and all colors. ■:■.]'-,

,A

DRIED GRASSES AND FLOWERS,

In ;:icat varieties and sty ley; very suitable for ornamental purposes. \M(

BASKETS, c#

IhMuii varnished Willow Baskets. Wheat Straw and While Gilt BasketP. '#%.,■

ORNAMENTAL GRASS BOQUETS, %:

FRENCH GREEN MOSSES, %
TIN FOIL, Best in Market,

WIRE DESIGNS for CUT FLOWERS. '^.

Prize Medal ol Cincinuati Induh^liial Ex|)<)!^iti')ii of 1ST.3; Mudal and Diploma of luteriiatioual
Exposition of 1ST7, "/•'o/- hext disjila;/ of Coquet Pcijifrs."

Send oi-iicrs rarly in Fall. Illtistiatwl Catalogue furnished i/rati-s on npi)lication. t.aue.tf

AUGUST RdLKER ^ SONS,

P. 0. Box 899. 44 Dey St., New York.

WIIOLESALK BRALKHS IN

FLORISTS' SUPPLIES

.such as Bouquet Papers, CutHuwer Designs, Baskets. Foil
Grasses, Moss, Bulbs, etc., etc.

Extract from their Wholesale Price-list of Bouquet Papers :

PASTED CARTONS in i^ gross packages, measure includes lace.
2,v. S]<; 4)4 5 5)4 G 7 8 9 inches diameter

80 $1.00 U.'iO 2.00' 2.3.'5 2.7.5 3.25 3.75 4.50 per gross.

In 1-12 gross packages, measure exclusive of iace.
\)4 2}4 3 3)^ 4 4)4 .5 5'<j 6 6)4 inches diameter.

$2..50 3.50 4.00 4.50 5.00 5.50 6.25 (5.75 7.25 8.00 per gross.
25 35 40 45 50 55 65 70 75 80 " dozen.

Xew Round Shape, - - - 50 .55 65 75 a5 " dozen.

Star Shape, _ - _ _ 40 r,{) 60 " "

Gold and Silver, - - . - 2.00 2.25 2..50 2.75 3.00 " "

34: Scolloped White - _ _ 95 1.10 1.25 " "

Lace and ^atin Holders at $1..50 each; of paper imitation lace, new, $2.00 per dozen.

Bouquet handles 60 cents per dozen; mourning hovrs $1.00 per dozen; sillc fringe $1.C0 per yard.

Catalogue mailed free to the trade onlv. nich 2

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

NEW COLEUS,

MONTICOLOR AND PICTUS.

These are not hybrids from our gai'deu varieties, but a new species from the Duke of York Island. Tliey are very attractive,
and distinct from anything that lias been introduced before. >lonticolor (sent out by Mr. N'eitch) foliage bold and deeply
laciuiated. Curiously marked i^nd spotted with red and yellow on a chocolate ground. Sometimes the entire leaf becomes
bright red. Very fine. Price 50 cents each.

Pictus (sent out by Mr. Bull). This differs from Monticolor by the grouud-work of the foliage being bright green, instead
of chocolate brown, which gives it a very distinct appearance. Thev are both novelties of tirst-class. Price 50 cents each;
#5.0(1 per dozen.

New Coleus Splendens, improvement on Vershafeltii, being much brighter. Good bedder. Price 25 cents each ; S2.00 per doz.

New Fuclisia, Vox Populi, Double White Corolla, Scarlet Sepals. Early and of excellent habit. Price 50 cents each ;
$5 00 per dozen.

Mew Double Geranium Jeannie Reid. See description in the Feb. Gardener's Monthly. Price 50 cts. eacli ; $5.00 per doz.

Tlie following are new, of last year's importations and home
Ijroduction ; they are first class. Price, $4. jier doz., $20 per 100.
Admiration, Annie Montel, Augusta, Villaume, Bisliop Wood,
Chameleon, Henry Beurer, Madame Revore, Madame Thibaut,
Victor Hugo, Ntemie. Venus, Jladeliue, VV. Pancourt; also a
large collection of the best bedding and loarket varieties at $S
per 100.

Geranium, Happy Thought, $3 per doz., $20 per 100.

Double Ivy-Leaf Geranium, King Albert, $2 per doz., $10
per 100.

Double Sweet Alyssum, $6 per 100.

Double Petunias,' $7 per 100.

Alternanthas, $4 per 100.

Argeratums, $5 jier 10(1.

Caladinme, 12 named varieties, large bulbs, $3 per doz.

Carnations, $4 per 100.

Chrysanthemums, $5 per 100.

Coleus, iiest varieties, $5 per 100.

Centaurea Gymnocarpa, $6 per 100.

Dianthns Alba Moutiflora, new, $10 per 100.

Dianthus Querteri, $(; per 100.

Euonymus Radicans variegata, $8 per 100.

Fuchsias, $(5 per 100.

Funkia, the White Day Lily, $3 per doz.

Heliotropes, $5 per 100.

Lantaiias, $(! per 100.

Plumbago Capensis, $6 per 100.

Stenotaphrum, Globerum variety, new, $2 per doz.

Verbenas, $3 per 100.

Violets, Maria Louisa, $4 per 100.

6 plants of one kind at dozen rates, 25 plants of one kind at 100 rates. My Cataloijue of Neir Pbi nts for Spvhiff
of ISTS now ready, and will be mailed free to all on application. Terms, cash with the order.

WM. K. HARRIS, Kingsessing Nurseries,

feb.i2. fT.TO:? Dfd'hij liiHuU J^hihtdelphta.

AUGUST ROLKER & SONS,

p. O. «OA" 890.

44 DEY Sl\ NEW YOBK.

Keep constantly on haii'l tlic largest and best assorted stock of

SUPPLIES

in this country, in the best make and quality. Baskets of all styles, Wire Designs, Bouquet-
papers, Immortelles, etc.. fiu-nisliod to the trade at reasonable rates.

IMPOHTEHS OF SEEDS AlTD BULBS.

Siii)ply the trade with retail packets of choice and fresh Flower and (Jarden Seeds at special
rates.

This Spring's importation of Standard Koses offered in line specimens.

^N'OTICE. — Send for our special import figures on Dutch and other bulbs, (Av., for the -oming
season.

if^'.SVr our fidrertiseinent on title intijc. ,i\

/•///•. 1 1 OK /'/( Y ■/. /( R.M. .in\ l:l< I ISI- K.

Tn[ Independent

In its 30th Year.

Well and favorably known the World Over as
the BEST Religious Weekly Newspaper.
It Retains all its Most Desirable Fea-
tures and adds New Ones.

COOK'S LECTTOES.

Landscape Gardeners,

SMITH & BUTLER,
Newport, Rhode Island.

V\\\\\^ M\'\ i!-tiniiit<'^ i;iviii |(p|- niiv piirl nl tin' r..iiiilTi.

WILLIAM rjKin,

I_iarLd.sca.pe C3-ard.erLer.

Comitiv fc^its. yard-, iawiis, !iii<l (>l<liMrils laid out and
pluiitfd with Kriiit'aiid Oriiaiiic-iitul 'I'rccn, KlDweif, and Slirub-
liiT.v. Ifaviiifj a large and thrifty Ktock of Trecp and I'laiita
now sirowiiiK. those moat dcBired can bi- taken direct from thu
NurHtTv. and plauted in their new home?. Send for catalogue
,'iiid estimate.

POMONA NURSERY,

mch!2 CinnamiuEOn. N.J.

Ilie.*.
by the

f:inioii-> Li-etiiri'^, (lc-li\<-lC(l iii ^.ll^t(]ll

■ry Monday,

Rev. JOSEPH COOK,

re piitilifhi'd in fnll. tofjetlicr witli tin- iiitrodnrtory remarks.

PREMIUMS!

We ollci liev. .foi^Ei'ii Cook's viltialile new vohiniey, entitled

"BIOLOGr'and"TRIlNSCENOENT(lLISM,"

emlxKlyinL'. in a revised and corrected form, the author's last
wiuferV remarkal>le Monday Lectures. They are published in
handsome book form, with colored illustrations, by James K.
OswooiJ & Co., of Boston.

We will mail a copy of either volume, postpaid, to every
subscriber to 'J'he Independent who remits us $3 for a year
Ml advance ; or any subscriber may remit $5..^0, and we will
send liim The Inuetendent for two years, in advance, and
both volumes, po!-tj>aid.

Worcester's Unabridged

Pictorial Ouarto Dictiooarj,

Bound in Sheep . JS54 Pai/es, over 1,000
I//usfr((fions, Issue of 1S7S.

RETAIL PRICE,

$10.00.

Matthews' Garden Seed Drill /P^

Miitthiii.s' lliniil i'lilti rutin-,
MatthctVH' Jtrill tmil C'ultirator
combined, 8uri)as8 all others. Send
for circular before you buy. Manu-
factured only by

EViCItETT it SMALL.

Boston, Mass.
For sale by D. LANDRETH & SONS,

mch 3 21 and 23 Huvth Sixth fit., PhtUidelphia.

THE AMERICAN

steamship Company of Philadelphia, rhiladelphiai Liverpo<J
Line. Ttie only '1 rans-Atlantic line sailintr under tin- Amerl-
cau Fla;;. Sailing every Thursday from Philadelphia, and
Wednesday from Liverpool.

The Red Star Line,

Carryiiif: the Belgian and United states Mails. Sailing every
t^v«-iv«Ml:ij-s, alternately from Philadelphia and New York.
Ijirt'ct and only

TO ANTWERP.

The American and Ked Star Lines being under one manage-
ment, E.xcursion tickets are good to return by either, thus say-
ing the expense and aiinnyance of re-crossing the Channel.

For rates of i)assai.'i' and ;.'( iieral infotmatioii apply to

apitf rETi^n n incur &■ soys, riiiu. <;rn'i .tf/ts.

IITTERITATIOITAL EXHIBITION

J'llILA UJUL I' HI A, IS 70,

We have made a special contract with the great publishing
house of J. B. LippiNCOTT & Co., of Philadelphia, by which
we are enabled to offer the most desirable Premium ever given
by any newspaper in the country. We will send this Die.
tionary to any person who will send us the names of Three Kew
Svbscribe-rs ami ,Ynic Dollars; or who will, on renewing his
own subscription, in advance, send us Two Aew A'owic^ addi-
tional and $9.00; or who will renew his own subscription for
three years, in advance, and send us $9.00 ; or for n ne>v sub-
scriber for three years and $9.00.

The Dictionary will be delivered at our office, or In Philadel-
phia, free, or l)e sent by express or otherwise, as may be
ordered, from Philadelphia, at the expense of the subscriber, j

The .Subscriber under this offer will not bo entitled to any
other Pn^minm.

SuTDscription Price, $3 per Annum:

IM ADVANCE. j

B^~ .Speeftnen copies (giving full descriptions of other very '
valuable Prejuiums) sent free.

Address THE INDEPENDENT,
P. O. Bo.r V7.S7. Xew York Citff.

jrOGES' REPORT. February 10, 18TT.

John Dick's Patent Boiler for Heating

Greenhouses — a jirize Medal was awarded for its
adaptability lur the eonsuuiptiou of Wood, Coal or
Cuke, and its cheap aud its economic arrangement
for the puipose specified.

W. D. Bkeckenkidge, Judge.
Approved by the Group of Judges.— Geo. 'i uurber, W. Saun-
ders, F. Penti.and.

Economy, .simplicity aud Durability. Testimonials from
those who'use it. My trade Catalogue of Plants is now ready
and will be forwarded In-i'.

JOHN DICK, Florist,

novf. .'i3<t &. Oarlty Road, Phllu

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

Cranberry Plants in Variety.

Batons Early Black Bell — earliest known, uuiformly colored
by &th of Seiitember, and brings t tie highest price in market.
The.«e, with the Matisjield Creeperx, which come in immedi-
ately after, are URiforin prolific bearers when other kinds fail.
In the future we shall not plant any other varieties. Send for
Circular giving mode of culture, &c.

ntOWBItlDGE'SAIRandM'ATERVJtOOF PAPER,

very stronsr, and used by Nnrserymen and Florists in packing
])lant8 by mail, and for all other purposes where air and water
.should be excluded,
aprl F. TROW^JRIDGE. Miirord, Coun.

STKICTLY FIRST CLASS

SMALL FRUIT PLANTS,

SEEDS, and SKED POTATOES. '

Catologne free. Address F. M. HEXAMEK,

New Castle, Westchester Co., N.Y. >

FITS^CURED^

Dr. Brown's great prescription for Epilepscy having now
been tested in over 10,000 cases without a failure, he has made
up his mind to make the ingredients known tw all sufferers free
of charge. Address Dr. O. Phelps JJkown, 21 Grand Street,
Jersey City, N, J. aprl

NEW EXCELSIOR LAWN MOWER

Received Highest Award at the Centennial Exposition.

I]VEFOPlX^^lsrT FE^A-TXJPIES FOR THE SE^^SOIT OF 1878.

^ Hod vLOtloxx lix I*x*ioo 2

And Furnished with either Wheels or Roller.

It has been adopted, and ran be seen in practical opeiation on the Puljlic Parlis
of Ne-»v York, Brooklyn, Bo«tou, Bfew Haven, Clevelanfl, CUicago, and

on almost all the prominent Citv Parks in the United Stales and Can nda.

The EXCEI.SIOK received the FIKST PREMIUMS at the Great Lawn Mower
THals held in New York City. Cleveland. O.. Waverlv. M. •'.; also at the tireat Inter-
national Lawn Mower Trial held at Carlisle, England, in September last, and at many

oth er tiials and Agricultural Fairs held in Europe and America.

6 SIZES FOR HAND POWER-4 SIZES FOR HORSE POWER.

Our New Horse Lawn Mower is conceded to be the LIGHTEST
and BEST Horse Lawn Mower ever made.

N. K. — Horse and Hand Lawn Mowers are alike guaranteed in every respect.

Address. CHADBORN & COLDWELL MFC CO.,

SeNU for ClRCILAn^.

NEWBUKGII. N. Y.

-^4;^:
^•%>

GREENHOUSES, GRAPERIES, Etc.

Their Construction a Specialty. Experience of 20 Years.

SHIPPED TO ALL PARTS OF THE COUNTRY. 0= send for catalogue. Address,

LORD'S HORTICULTURAL WORKS,

Irvington-on-Hudson, New. York.

June 12

I'm //( >A' rn v 7. // i<.\ / . / n i /•. vr tisi.k.

GENESEE VALLEY

NUBSEEIES,

KSr \ KI.IMIKI) IS !(,,

i^oci3:estei^, nsr. -^.

Tlu- larsji'st and most coinplotc assoitnient of Nur(<i'ry Stock
ill flic iimutiy

mianiWEEPI

Shrubs, Roses, Vines, Crapes,

C"iirniiits>, Evergreens, (jreenhoupe Plants. Ac., at Lowest Pos-
f ihle I'rii-ep.

Wholesale Catalogno fmo on .'ijipltcatioii

aprl

EDWARD A. FROST.

^TEEES AND PLAlTTSi.ri^:?e

FIRSTI

CLAS!*

Apijl*- Ti-««-.s, I5c. lacM : »«lnii<inrit Pfar.s, 4:0c. facli ,
Dwarf Pear, 30f. laih. S> ravin' rr ha, liityjibvniin, lilark-
berriis Hm\ Graje i'liiis by the doz., lOil, l.nOO. or 10,000. All
ffoods packed and deliven.'d at depot without extra charge.
Price list P'rec. Address S. C. DeCOU, Moore?town, Burling-
ton Co., N. J.

Two Thousand Plant:' Ironi seed of my own nnportation. A
fine strain of various color.-. SI. On. $i .MJ. and $2. no per doz •
$8.(m. iio.m. and Jl.'i.Od per hundred. KOBT. J. SIUDALL.

ap)l Station G, Philadelphia.

NYMPH>EA FLAYA.

il.nt.'a^. Hiiiuliliil ^ ilNnv W.it. i l.ily. tin- l/iicen of the
Soiiihcrii waliT-plmitf. whn-ic < hai iiiiiii: di:-!! iption in I-i l)e
louiid in llie .Vucu^t iiUMilier nl Harper'!* Ma^axine, 1h77.
I'"irbl tl;:iirid liv .Vudiiliiin in hib " Kiid:* ol Aineiji u." hut not
known to liotanibtti until IsTO. Price r>Oc. em h ; t^ per doz.
Sent free by mail. PUBT/ &, HKNKY. Florists,

JackHonville. Florida.

NEW PLANTS, GERANIUMS, &C.

New Doulile (leraniuniH. '77. I'rice $r. per doz.; •iOc. each.
Bataclan. Caniinir PeriiT. Clnirlen \'oj;t. Dr. fuiiriieau. Dr.
Jacotiy, Krnenl I.auth, Jcaii DoHIuh. Lalayettc. M. de Marccre.
Mad. Cirangargc, M. Waddini^ton. I'rept. Leon Simon.

New Doultle Geranium. .Jenny Keed. Price $9 per doz.;
COc. eaili.

New Diiuhle GcraninmH. '7fi. I'rice f.H per doz.; ?0c. each.
Adelade Hliinchcs, Acteloid. .Vuuuste Villiuum. Ku^rene ISan-
(loin. Udoiiiard l.ei^iiin, Louin Houlard. Mad. Thihaut, Mctior
FlaL'K- Mdh-. Miirie Killon. Nolmic. The (JhoBt. Wilfred, Won-
derful. Ceor;,^' Sand, (iuillon ManL'clli. Souvenir de ('antile.

New Double (jiiranium. Binhop Wood. Price SDc. each.

New Sin</le Geraniums, '77. I'rice $(> j)er doz.; OOc. each.
Alsace-Lorraine. Darwin, Ed. Al)out. Erkniann-C'hatrian.
Mdle. Edwiir Bellot. Octavie. Pal>ellon. P. L. Courier.

New Sin;rle (ieraniumsii, '76. Price $ii per doz.; 30c. each.
A. Ili'nd<'r8nn. Clenjenco Boiitard. Dazzler, Jealou.sy. Itev.
W ni. Atkins^on. Mrs. Kerrage.

New Geraniums. Fanny and Ralph. '25c. each. $1.75 per
doz.. Sia.JiO i)er hundred. See description, page "fi. (iardener's
Monthly, of March.

New Double Ivy Leaf (Jeranium. Price *0c. each. La Fi-
ancee. Lu2ie Lemont. Kenoncule.

Coleus. 24 leading varieties. $4. Pansies, finest strain in the
country. $'2.50. Pctunbis. tinest double. $6. Verbenas, strong
healthy plants, good hading varieties, named. $3. Heliotrope,
ten fine varieties. S'J. Heliotrope, Mad.de Bloiiay.$1.50 perdoz-.

No order shipped from this list for less amourlt than $5. Six
of a kind at dozen rates ; 25 at hundred rates. For smaller
amounts and greater varieties see our Descrii)tive Catalogue..
mailed on application.

CHICAGO FLORAL CO.,

apl3

Tliirtv-eiglith St. and Grand Boulevard. Chicago. 111..

Everblooming Roses.

We offer tor the coming Spring- the

THE FINEST STOCK OF EVERBLOOMING ROSES IN

THE COUNTRY,

TIh'sc (nc lii'iiiinh'dhhi Tlniftif, ainJ Just siiitiul for pllhtij Florist's
(trdcrs, or for bcfftfiitf/ jnirjtoses.

Leading varieties: J.e Pactole, Cel'^, Bon Silene, Le Xankiii, Mile. Rachel, Safraiio, Mme-
Margottin. Mnie. Falcot, Sanguinea, Adam, Mnio. Damaizin, Bougere. Sir Walter Scott, Gen. de
Tarta.s. Climbing Devrmiensis. Diichesso de Bral)aiit. &c., &c.. itc.

Prices Exceedingly Low by the 10, 100 or 1000.

HOOPES, BRO. & THOMAS,

Cherry Hill Nurseries,

WEST CHESTEB, E^A,

THE HOR 77 CL Z TU7^J L A 1) I ER TlSh'.R.

GERANIUMS

For BEDDING and MARKET

BEST KINDS ONLY.

U EXKHA r GHAXT (best Scarlet for massing).

CHJtISTIXt: NILSSOX (best Piuk for massing),
VJCTOJi MILLOT, COL. HOJ.DKN.

MAJtELINK, MASTES CJIlilSTIXE,
J.INA mn TAJtl), I.VCIVS,
and many other kiuds.
jffi per 1(10, $M) per 1000 ; 2S0 at thousand rate.

Edwin Lonsdale, Florist,

GERMANTOWN (STATION "G"),

sep.9.

PHILADELPHIA, PA.

STOCKBRIDGE

MAIfURES

Origituited by Prof. Utocjchridije, Prof, of AgriculUire in the
Massachusetts Agricultural College.
These Manures are componnded for each crop, furnishing
the plant food whihh each particular crop requires. They have
produced from 50 to SO hnshels Corn, !?.5 to 40 hii.shels j
W7iefif, 3.5 to SO hushel.s Oats, 150 to 'ioO bushels Po- 1
tfitofs, 2 to 3 tons Hay pi-v acrf, and other crops in pro-
portion. They^ have been used for five years with such success
that in 1ST7 they were apulied on over 10,000 acres with excel-
lent results. Send for Pamplilet, Free.

Bowker's Hill and Drill Phosphate,

Very fine, dry, and higli grade. ALSO
A$?ricnltiiral C'heiiiical!^.

■\7^. X3:. BOT7;;^2^EIE Sz Co.,

3 Park Plate 3fe\v York.

luchS 4:3 Cliatliam Street Boston.

The Diospyros Kaki,

Hardy Perennial Plants.

PLANTS WHICH BLOOM YEAR AFTER YEAR.

No trouble with seed-sowina . No housing for winter. But
once planted, the work is done for years.

If you wish to know about such plants, send for full Descrip-
tive Catalogue to
\yOOLS01V &, CO., Passaic, N. J.

A SPECIALITY.

UARDENEB TO

J. WARREN MERRILL,

Hancofk Street, Cmnbridt/eport, Mass.y

offers for Sale or Exchange the Largest stock and Variety of
Ferns, both American and Foreign, to be found in the country .
Catalogue sent on application to any who desire to purchase.
. Small plants can be sent safely by mail. apr5

President Degraw, strong, well-rooted cuttings, S2.00 per
10(1. Bouvardias.

KOBERT J. SIDDALL,
apll Station G, Philadelphia.

OUR ILLUSTRATED

CATALOGUE

NEW AND RARE PLANTS !

Containing descriplion.s of all the novelties and new desirable
varieties will be forwarded to all applicants on the receipt of
a 3 cent stamp

I HOVEY & CO.,

I 16 SOUTH MARKET STREET,

apr2 Boston, Mass.

4^1 Al^l/M lECi 'GREAT INDUCEMENTS
ULAUI WL.U^. iTO FORM CLUBS

Are (iltered in oui-

New Descriptive Catalogue of Gladiolus,

Sent free Xo all applicaatS^

MAHLON MOON k SON, Mnrrisviile, Pa.

I am about to IcavK thi- city, anil dlt.-r tor i-ale my Green-
houses, live in number, at le-s than half their value. They
were all built last Fall, and are the best arranged of any houses
in this city. Sizi? 70x100. besides a brick work room of 14x70.
Heat hv Kxceil's Hot Water Boiler, the best known. All well
stocked with plants. The two Rose Housi-s contain the finest
roses in this city. Also, forty or fifty thou^^and pots, and the
whole complete as it stands, including Stock, Boilers, Pipes,
Houses, arid Tools, is offered at $2,500. Thi> lot can be leased
for a small rent. Ad-'.ress, .\. C. .MILLARD. Chicago, 111.

Or, Japanese Persimmon. THE MOST AND BEST

Beautiful in Color!

Delicious in Flavor!

Ma niTicent in Size !

r DRAFTED AIVD REL,I.\B1,E STOCK ONLY.
T Six choice vaiit'ties. Trees, Scions and Seeds for sale by
H. LOOMIS, at R. J. Trumbull's Seed Store, 4-21 Sansome St.,
San Fransisco.
B:S^Send for circular. Inch2

Flower and Vegetable Seeds ever oflered lor LT) cents— 79 varie-
ties Flower, and 48 kinds Vegetable sect's, f> seeds each of five
varieties. Corn, Beans. Peas, Squashes, and Melons, in two
packages mixed. Can be separated before i)lanting, or when
transplanting. 2f> cents buys the lot, all selec ted in last twenty
years, as the best of many hundred sorts tried. Don't miss-
this chance. Directions and names with si'eds.

J. McHANNON. West Baltimore,
apll Box 42, Montgomerj' Co., Ohio.

10

/■///■ //( )A' /7( Y 7. // A'. / /, I n I I.N riSI-.R.

SOUTHERN ENTERPRISE

K<>r tlir liivcliipiin-nl of our MiitiTliil Ui'SoiiiHt-c, ilcvoli'il to
lmiiiii.'rHli(>ii. Soiitturii I'roL'rffS, Niilioiiiil rronixTitv, lliipp.v
KiirnI I.ifi" tliron;;li I'rnclii-nl Horticulture, Klcvntt-d A|»ncul'-
lurc (ttif forim-r lieiiig the cnuile of the latter), Dlversifled
iH'liii'trii-s, fir., is

PUBLISHED AT ATLANTA, GA., FOR $1 PER ANNUM.

S. '1. .Iknkins. Kdilor and I'roprirtor ; .1. S. Nkwman, .\--o-
cl.'itf Kdilor. Hfiidvi — impart ; know— he known. Kvcrylliiiin
^<llllll l>f oiurilli-ed to roliiiliilit.v. fell 12

Pedigree Onion Seed.

Diinvi-ls (Inixii S.Td. nuV'/ U',„< Uir ,-/n,ir,sl miinn.s „/ mrl,
I'riiji fur fi/tii ijears in sitrriMsiini ! '\'\w diflereiice in the crop
will he ten iiiiies prester than the cost of the seed. My Seed
ralalociie free to all.
nirlr.' J.VMES .T. II. OltEGOKY, M!irl>leh«a<l, Mnnx.

St. Joseph Conservatories

ST. JOSEPH, TsAiO.

(ireenliouse, lii'ddinj; Plants, Hardy llcrliaceoii.-i Plants,
Shruhp, Vines, (_'liinlnrs. &z. Slronj; Plants, line varieties.
Prices Ix)\v. fatuloirae and Wholesale List sent free of charge.

mchs H. NIELSON, Florist.

SECOND HAND BOOKS.

P.v MmiI on K.

•ipl

Pri

Speak Quickly if You Want Them.

Bjf'Siiy iu your order " Scc.ond-li;ind List."..;,- -

Thomas .1. J., Farm Imideinents . . $1 00

" " American Fruit C'ulturist . . 1 2.5

Planters' Guide . . . . 1 .^o

Donaldson's Manures, Grass and farming , 'i i"i

Downing'? Rural Essays ... 1 ^»

'• Fruits and Fruit Trees of America, I copy at 3 on

" " " " 1 copy at ."> 00

" " " " ] copy at 1 Si.")

" Landscape Gardening and Rural .Vrchitecture, ii 00

" Cottasie Residences - - - 2 00

Christy's Chemistry of Agriculture . . 7.5

Anderson's Aericultural Chemistry . . 1 00

Leibe^'s Familiar Letters on Chemistry . . 1 00

Beet Culture and Beet Sugar, by Childs . . If)

French's Farm Drainage . . . 1 00

Chorlton's Grape Growers' Guide, 1 copy at . 60

•' " . . 75

Phin's Grape Culture and Wine Making . . 7.5

Wood's Class-book of Botany . . 2 50

" Object Lessons in Botany . . 1 45

Farmers' Eucyclopiedia . . . . 3 00

" " " ... 2 00

Marazathy's Grape Culture and Wine Making . 4 flO

Mead's •' " " .3 00

Munu's Practical Land Drainer ... 50

Buist's Family Kitchen Gardener . . 75

Todd's How to Make Farming Pay . . 2 00

Liebeg's Farmers' Chemistry, 1394 pages, 8 vo. . 3 50

Johnson's Agricnltural Chemistry . . 2 00

Woodward's Rural Art ... 75

Saunder's Domestic Poultry ... 75

Ten Acres Enough - - - - 1 00

Downing's Cottage Residences (8vo.) . . 1 .50

McMahon's American Gardener - - 1 25

Mc ntosh's Orchard, with colored plates, . . 3 00

" Greenhouse with coloi'ed plates, . 3 00

What I Know of Farming (Greeley) . . 1 00

Field's Pear Culture . . . . 1 00

(^uinhv's Bee Keeping . . . 1 25

Breck's Book of Flowers . . . 1 00

Boyd's Philadelphia Business Directory (1877-78) . 75

Copoland's Country Life . " . . 2 .50

Tobacco and its Culture, Billings. . . 2 25

Langstroth on the Honey Bee . . . 1 25

Floral Decorations for Dwelling Houses, . . 1 25

Loudon's Encyclopa'dia of Agriculture, % Tky. . 7 50

" " Gardening, •' . 7 50

" " Cottage Architecture, y, Tky., 7 50

Horticulturist, y. Tkv.. (good as new) 3 vols.. 1S.55, 1856,

and 1S57. $2.50 each . . . 7 50

Xioudon's Gardeners' Magazine, 9 vols., octavo, illus. 10 00

Hovey's Magazine, 17 vols, octavo '• . 10 00

Henderson's Gardening for Pleasure . . 1 25

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, S14 Chestnut St., Phila.

TELEGRAPH ENGINEER,

Office & Salesroom 180 B' way, N. Y. City. P. 0. Bos 4261

Manulacturi-r of and dealer in Telegraph .\pparatUH, and sup-
plies ol all kinds. Telegraph Lines Built and E(|uipped with
Ti'lepliones. Dials or otln-r a|>|)aratns. .Sole inaiintacturer ol
the ' Uanker's and Broker's Check Prot<M:lor," an absolute pro-
|i/ction against Iraudnlent raising of i)roi)erly written checks,
&.C. Reconunended and in use by the Punlisher of this .lour-
nal, and by Banks, Bankers, and BusincBK Men generally. tmS

New, Rafe and Surplus Stock

FOI^ 187^8-
TO TH E~TR ADE.

('Ali.MJIl'M, Fuii<-y-Ij«-av»-fl t>>ui-lH. Strong, well matured,
dry Tnlieis Of the following choice .norts.

Our fclection, $12 per 100

Purchaser's selection, ... 16 "

AUBER, Dlt'HARTRK, BEETHOVEN, BICOLOR SPLEN-

DENS, CANNAERTI, CIIAXTINL DI'C de RATIBON,

ENDI.ICIIKRIANI M, DlSCoLOH, K.NCKEL HOUL-

LETTL HEKCCLKS, MYEKllEER, MILTON,

LAMAR'lINE, WKillTL NKW.MANI,

ROSSINL REINE VICTORIA and

RUBRA MACULATA.

t'ANNA, named varieties from our fine collection of

Novelties per 100, $S.CH»

COLKl'S PICTUS, described in February number

Gardenkh's Monthly, .... perdoz., 2.00
c;KUAXII'M APPI.K. line seedling plants, per 100, 5.00
I^YOOOllIM SCAKDENS (.Japanese Creeping Fern),

one year old, per 100, 6.<K»

PAMPAS GRASS, strong plants, well rooted in 5 in.

pots, per 100, 35.00

PETtlNIA DOUBLE, from our splendid collection ( f

named sorts per 100, 8.1W

PELAIltiONIUM IVEW KEGAL., (Beaulv of Ox-
ton) per doz., S.tw

VIOIjKTS, imported from Messrs. Paillet, France, true to
name and (lescrii)ti()n. Described in the Monthly, Octo-
ber and November, 1877.
BELLE lie t'H ATENAY, double white, very fragrant

tree ijloomer. measuring IV inches. . . . perdoz., 3.«»
AVHITE CZAR, single white, very fragrant, large and

free flowering, per doz., 3.00

Send tor (;arden Calendar for 1S78, containing descriptive
and priced Lists of new and old varieties.

Henry A. Dreer,

SKED.SMAX AND Fl.OHISI .

aiirii.i X<K 4 t4 CJiesftmt St., Phila fief jt/iia.

gTf\f\(f\ Agents Wanted to subscribe for the Agents"
Ov/^J'x/ .Journal. A handsomely bound 24-page .lour-
nulbrun lull ot interest to Agents. Every agent should see a
copy of it. Send Postal Card for Specimen Copy. Aobnts'
•Journal, Y. N. Janl2

The Gardener's Monthly.

THE FOLLOWING

BACK NUMBERS

WANTED, IN

<3-ooiD consTHDimonsT.

April, ISilO. Jhrriuhir, 1S70, I'lhrixttil, tH7S.

Aui/iist. ISiat. .laiiiinn/. 1S7'*, Murrli, "

Sr/ltfttilii-ff" .Taniiary, lS7-'i- •Jfiuiitiri/, 1S70.

Ortiihrr, '• Jim-mlx'r, '• ,ftt iiiiii ri/, 1S77.

yorrtnlxi; " Jftntifn-i/, 1S74. Fihriitny, "

Jtrcembrr, " February, " Mfiirli, "

Jiuiiifiri/, 1S70. Aiigutit, " Anyiist, "

•Inly, " .TfiHuary, 1S75.

Receivable in exchange on Subscription account, or exchang-
able for other numbers not in above list. Send numbers pr.-
paid by mail, and advise the publisher. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT,

81* CHestiiut St., Phlla.

/ HE II OR TICL 'L TURAL A D I ER TISER.

II

New Plantsf Season

Mailed Free, on application, our annual Catalogue of new,
rare and beautiful Plants, Roses, &c., in which the prici-s this
season have been {greatly reduced. Also, our annual Catalogue
•of Flower and Garden Seeds. Address,

SEEDSMEN AND FLOKISTS,
t-mcbS 38 ■Washington St., Ne^v Castle, Pa.

l^ERBENAS.

.Strinif/ I'hnit.s, Fro- /rfnn liiist or JJIililcir.

Per 100. Per 1,000.
In 30 diftiuct marked varieties, f 3.00 $25.00

Geraniums, strong, in 20 varieties, 3;r, in. pot 5.00 40.00

Pelaigoniums, 4 and Sinch pots, 10.00 i

The same, unnamed, 8.00 j

Pansy, Strong Plants, 4.00

IE*, a*. I3:-A-TTJSE33=L,

meh2 Reading, Pa.

THE THREE POTATOES.

EARLY OHIO Earlier tlian Early Rose. Ranked by i

general consent, in earliuess, yield and quality comliined at ]
the head of all the early potatoes.

Bl'RBANK. — Medium late ; a prodigious cropper ; flesh j
remjirkMbly white; quality excellent.

Dt'lVMORE.— A splendid late sort. A greater cropper
than the Peerless, which it resembles in form, whi'e far better
in quality.

Each, per Barrel, S4.00; per Bushel. $2.00; per Peck, 75c.

My illustrated Seed Caiatalngue free to all applicants.
JAMES .T. H, GREGORY,

mch 2 Marbleaeati, Mass.

CHOICE BEDDING PLANTS and Fl-OWERS of all

kinds. We giow the finest and best vaiieties, and sell tliem at
the very lo^vest prices. Catalogues sent free to any address.
H. AV." HALES, Ridgewood F'loral Nursery. Ridgewbod, N.J.

EST.A.BLISITEI3 1859.

C. THEO. SCHUEREN,

Florist, Cleveland, O.,

OFFEUS FOU SALE

200.009 Clioice Leading Greenliouse and ISedding

Plants, Bulbs, etc.

r,0.(H*0 FIltST-CLASS VEJtKJ^NAS AT $:i.OO per

hiinrlml . Send for wholesale price list.

New Variegated Coboea scandens.

" Schueren Seedling.'^

A seedling, and is a great improvement on the t)ld variety,
growing as vigorous as the common variety. Leaves large,
green, bordered witli creamy-white, calyx of flowers variegated
like the leaf. Flowers liirht ])typle. Admired by all. Price,
t>0 cents; stock plants, $1.00.

Address, C. THEO. SCHUEEEN, Cleveland, 0.

250,000 Young Evergreen leading sorts for sale cheap. nich2

By mad, post [i xid, (on own roots) l'> oo. '!> Hpiece, ?J.iH.
por dozen, $12.(0 P'^r h'ndrcid. Large planls (budded
or on o.vii roots) l>y exprt -s at purcliaser's expense sO
cents api-"ie, $4 1)0 p -r dozen. The most select
eo!)ceti<»M in .ViiiPiiea. Wend for Catalogue, with
colored plate, 10c ; p:ain, fi ee.

ELIW.^'IGER £ BARRy, Rochester, N.Y.

FkEk ILLUSfRAtED CATALOGUE' OF

■ BtNSON BURPEE& Co ^

■-■■■.. 223'Church:st philad-elphi a

Roses, Roses, By Mail.

U) Beautiful Ever-Bl0(jining Roses, postpaid to any address,
forSl.OO, purchaser's selection. All the best varieties. The
best inducements offered to purchasers of Greenliouse and
Bedding Plants in the U. S. lor Spring of 1878. All plants
warranted to reach the purchaser in good condition. Cata-
logues Free, and send lor one before purchasing elsewhere.
Address W. H. BRENNEMAN,

feb 6 Harrisburg, Pa.

A NEW RASPBERRY

"NEW ROCHELLE."

This is a hardy, strong, and healtliy grower, and will produce
twice as much fruit as any known variety; fruit large, of good
flavor, and bears carriage well. I can furnish one year trans-
planted canes at $3.00 per doz. ; tips $2.00 per doz.

Send for a circular.

feb.3 S. P. CARPENTER, New Roclielle, N. T.

SURPRISE MELON.

Ottr tiew Mi-loti is the uio.-t Deliciotis ever in-

foMTHUMB^^

Karliest luiowii. Per jikt. iiOc. Both by mail
H.'ic. Send for our catalogue, !•»; images and 4<s'0
illustrations, which fully describes them. Mail-
ed free. I'RICE A- KyiCKICHliOCIiEli.

mch -2 .SO State St.. Alhaiii/. \. 1".

A NEW BOOK FOR FARMERS.

"Carrots, Mangolds and Sugar Beets. What kinds to rai.se,
how to raise, and how to feed." By mail 30 cents. Also, my
three works, on "Cabbages, and How to grow them."
'■Squashes, and How to Grotv Them," "Onions, and How to
Grow Them." Pull of iust such minute details as farmers
want. Each 30 cents by mail. Mv large illustrated Seed Cata-
logue free to all. JAMES J. H. GREGORY,

mch 2 Marlileliead, Mass.

WALTER ELDER,

J.ANDSCAPE AND JOJSIiING GAIiDJENFJt,

1231 Rodman Street, Philadelphia,
Attends tt* all branches of his business on reasonable terms.

Plants Genuine! Packed Free!!

Brandywine (S"squeco) Raspberries and Wilson's Early Black-
berries from stock that produced the Centennial prize berries ;
SL.W per 100, $12 per 1000; Kittatiny and Lawtun .fs ])er 1000;
Strawberries, Great American. $1 per 10, $5per 100, $40 per 1000;
Duchesse, Prouty, $10 per 1000; Capt. Jack, Cumberland, Tri-
umph, Jucunda, Sterling. $5; Boyden, No. 30, Triomphe de
Gand, Duncan, $4 ; Col. Cheeny, Agriculturist, Champion, $3 ;
Albany. Monarch of West, Star of West, Chas. Downing, Ken-
tucky, Green Prolific, $2. Order now of

JOHN S. COLLINS.

novtf Moorc.stoirii, K. 'T.

25

FASHION "BLE CAHDS u" two alike, with
name, 10c. 20 Scroll, with name, lUcpost paid. Agent's
outfit 10 c.
novl2

GEO. I. REED & CO., Nasssua, N. Y.

How to Raise Fruits.

BY THOMAS Or.KOO.

.\ Hand-book of Fruit Culture binng a (Juide to the proper
Cultivation and Maiiageniciit of Fruit Trees, and of Grapes and
Small Fruits. fs4 page-, t'^ino, cloth, fully illus-trated. Price
fl.OO. Sent by mail post-paid, on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

S14 Chesnut Street, Philailelphia.

1-2

Tin HON IK ( 7. / 1 A'. //. .in\ I K 77s/: a\

EVERGREENS

.A.T

PANIC PRICES.

The Largest Stock and Best
Assortment in America.

The Highest Medul awarded '>y the riiitod States CoiitciuiialConiniission Tor our disjjlay of
Kvergreens at Philadelphia, l!S7(j.

Sfiid for Panie Price last of lowest rates ever ofl'ei-ed.

HOOPES, BRO. $( THOMAS,

CHElUn HILL NilhSEUJES.

West (7u.sf(r, Pa.

\^-y>.'^

Tobacco Stems,

Kor Kuinigaf iH4r purpf>ei'S, for sale in hales of about 4(hi
lbs., free on iiohI <ir cjiiv ar ffi per bale, or three bales ,or $12
on one order.

STRAITON & STORM,
17 S <( ISO rcarl Street,

aiiKl2 New York City.

ALFRED BHIDGEMAN,

s;r, iiU(>Aj)HAy. \i:n num.
Grower, Importer and Dealer in

VEGETABLE, FIELD,

AND

FLOWER SEEDS.

Garden Tools and Horticultural Books.

M.v annual prieed Catalogue* ari- now n-ady. and mailed free
to all applii-ai.t<. They rontain all llie lividiiiL' and ))opular

sorts of Vegetable, Field and Flower Seeds,

iucludini.' all llie most desirable novelties of the past season.

hirT AND^PLUIVI TREES!

Kverj;rfei»s very lo-\v ! Alsod (ar/ii- stork oi Oeiieral

Nursery Stock. Catalogues <'iit free on application,
nichi GEO. ACHELIS, West Chester, Pa.

ALL THE NEW PEACHES,

And the Largest and Best List of

Long-Keeping Apples

Ever offered. Sent bv mail everywhere. Catalogues gratis..
Following S Vltl'L IS STOCK closed out cheap :
S0,000 No. 1 June Hudded Peach Trees.
.^,000 Early Kichmoud Cheiry, 1 year, No. 1.
30,000 No. i, 1 and 2 year Sweet Cherry, assorted.
200,000 Apples, including Crabs, and largely of long- keeping

kinds.
100,(100 Hraudywiiie or Snsqneco TJasperry.
150,000 ^\'ilson's Albany Strawberry.
:',(10,000 Conover'.* Colossal Asparaiius, 2 years.
10,000 Carolina Poplar, 4 to 5 feet.
.^,000 " " S to 10 feet.

5,e00 " " 12 to 16 feet.

10,000 Silver Maple, S to 10 feet.
5,000 " " 12 to 14 feet.

.%000 " " l.") to IS feet.

300,000 No. 1 one year Concord Grapes.
40,(1110 Irish Juniper, 4 inches to 6 feet.
■20,000 Norway Spruce, 2 to (5 feet,
l.'io.odu No. 1 Osage Orange, e:^tra large, I and 2 years old.

A full line of Nursery Stock, all at special rates, at the
GREAT NORTHERN AND SOUTHERN NURSERIES,
Wilmington, Del.
mch2 RANDOLPH PETERS.

MftNUm OF SMALL fRUIT CULTURE,

BV E. P. KOK,

("The chapter on picking and marketing is eminently practi-
cal and sensible." — American Agrundturint.)

How to raise and market Strawberries, Raspberries, Currants,.
Gooseberries, Blackberries, &c. 82 pages, S vo., paper, price
50 cents. Mailed post-paid on receipt of price. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT, S14 Chestnut St„ Pbila.

THE NOR 77 CC 7. 7 Z 7v^ 4 L .1 D I ER TISE R.

INT XJ 3E^ S ES I=t TT CJ jf^. S=L 33 S

tpg" Send for Circular iind coiulitious of insertion under this headintr. _mX

la

N.BARNARD, ^ .„ „ , „,

.N.i,>. ryraan, Still Pond, Md.

INO. A, BRUCE & CO.,

s. :f,i ..b Tiiiaiiis, Jiamiltoa, Canada.

R, J. BLACK, New and Rare Fruits,

iii-eineu, Fairtleld Co., Ohio.

R, BUIST, Sr,, Nurseryman. ''

li.tii St. and Darby j' ve , P.iiUi.

W. B. BURLEIGH, „,.„,, ^,

t-'luiisi ni'i o ilsman. Plainfield, Coun.

PAUL BUTZ & SON,^~'^ ^, '^
.Nuix-N itiiii bliiriyt. New Castle. Pa.

GEOTOU^ST,

A jrsi lyiii.nandFlons'.Barnegat. >..J.

S. jrcTLLOWAY,

> lasii V lid seed.^m»ii. Montgomery. ' '.

WM~KTHARRISr

Florist, PliiLidflphia.

PETER HENDERSON & CO., Wholesale
M/odsaun and Florists, JNew York City.

HOVEY & CO^;
Nursery and Seedsmen, Boston. Mass.

A^ HANCE & SON, Nursery and FriTit ^^
G I iuver.s. Ked TVink. N. J.

SAlVIUELn<TNSEY,
.-.mail I'liut J^ursery, Dayton, Ohio.

C, F. LANE, Seedsman and A;\iariaD,

Janesville, Wis.

FRANCIS LUDLOW,^

;rville, Ills.

THOMAS MEEHAN, . „, ..

.Mus rv.\: I i,e .~!i'eds, (^ynu'int u, Phil

JOHN R. (STA. MURDOCH, ^

■M:r>er\ in n. I'risn.ii l'.i. la.

HENRY MICHEL & COTj

Fljnsi, t. u./iiis, All).

SARAH H.MARTIN,
.^eeus ana hiulbs, Marblehead, Mass.

A. C. NELIS, Florist ami Seedsman,

Canajoharie, N.Y.

JOSHUA M, PHILIPS^

.Ml >crs and ie. iisiiian,Mercer8bv.rg,Pa.

WM, B. REED, iNurseryman and Florist,
Chatiihersburg. Pa.

WrL. SMITH,

Fionsi. Aurora, Ills.

G.W.THOMPSON,

.Narseryiuaii, -•i.-ltoii. N. -T

J. c. vaughaim,

'I'rees, Seeds and Bulbs, Chicago, 111.
I. C. WOOD &, BRO-jWholesaleaiTd Retail

> u 1 M-rv and Fii.rist. FiMikill. y. Y.

FRANK WHITNALL;
Seejsniaii and florist, Milwaukee, Wis.

f^'tSi^lCt.

mwmmm^

ILLUSTRATEQ 8ATAL0GUES

Sent free on application.

m^m^m^

Low freights from Boston
allow us to compete with any
Pottery in the United States,

^nsmm^.

H. HEinrS & CO., - - No. Cambridge, Mass.

VERBENAS!

Splendid plants, free from rust or mildew.

In 20 distinct named varieties.

The same unnamed,

Carnations— Edwardsii, LaPurite, .

Pres.De Graw. and others.

Roses— 214 in. pots, Tea, Bourbon, and Hy-
brid Perpetual, our selection, . . . 5 00

Geranium— Mt. of Snow, Silver-leaved, 2,H.
in. pots, •''*'"

Geranium— Mt. of Snow, Silver-leaved, 3 in.
pots. fine. ..*...." On
Send for Trade l>ist.

SKED, PADDOCK & CO.,

Clevelaufi, O.

Evergreens, an Immense Stock.

^Vmericau Avlior Vitne, .30 cts.
to S20 per hundred. 20 other
sorts at low rate.s.

Pine in variety, .50 cts. to S15
per hundred. Norway Sjiruce,
50 ct.s. to S.30 per hundred.
■ Greenhou.'^e and Stove Plants,
Archyranthus, Chrysanthe-
imnns and Coleiis, 5 cts. each.

Callas, 4 cts., Verbenas, ;> cts.
Geraniums, 5, G .and 8 cts.

Petunias, .T and (icts. Smilax,
2.") cts. jier doz.

A full assortment of Fruit
and Ornameiitel Trees, Shrulis,
Viii(\s, &c., at low rates.
Catalogues free.

Address,

rishhiii, y. r.

meb 4

331

er 100.

per 100)

$3 00

$25 00

2 .-50

20 00

3 .50

3 00

apl2

RAILROAD NURSERIES,

Christiana, Lancaster County, Fa.

A fine stock of Fruit and Ornamental Trees. Grape Vines.
Greenhouse Plants, etc.

SPECIALTIES.
Sugar Maples, Linden American,

Norway Maples, Siberian Arborvitse.

Silver Maples, American Arborvitse.

Norway Fir, Balms,

I. Juniper, Hemlock.

Prices very low; s(!nd for I'rices. Verbenas, Coleus. Carna-
tions. Koses', Geraniunis, and a general assortment of Green-
house plants and Tuberose bulbs. Address

' W. P. BRINTON,

apii Christiana. Lancaster Co.. Pa.

14

/■///•; //( >A' TK Y Y. Tl -R. 1 1. I /> I I'K '//S/lh'.

BEECROFT'S

WHEEL HOE AND HAND WEEDER.

I'riif "rcutlv reduced l«>r IsTs. A No an inlIM.■n^e i-l.-ek .d
Kver^Toons iinrt l)eei<iii(m!< Tree- of iill kiii(l>« end Hi/.ei-

Ki Hit Trees, (Jraiie Viiie!<. Small Kriiiln. Slirtit)!< uiul KoKes,
will be 81)1(1 Ht very low prices.

Price list sent freo.

THUS. JACKSON, Nnrperyman,
.,|.,)l Portland, Me.

LADY GRAPE-VINES~!

The liuei-t. nerfeotlv tieallliv, hardv and reliable, extra early j
Wliile lirape. Also llrifiliton, Klvira, Kva. Delaware, Concord,
and all otli. r valuable kinds. Small Kriiits, Seeds, Trees, and
Klowerin" Plant-, lllnstraled Tatalo^'ues for 3-cent stamp.
Address. GEOHCiK W. C'AMPHKLL, Delaware, Ohio.

' JOHNSAUL'S CATALOGUE

OP —

New. Rare and Beautiful

PLANTS

Will be ready in February, with a COf-ORED PLATE.

The following are offered :

Nf -i^ Rom- Q,uf«-i» of He<ld«TS and other new sorts.

Nf%v Doublf White (^ertiiiiunis and others, very di.stinct.

New Ootil>le Ivy- Ltavid Geraniums.

Xf'w Zonule, Dr." Denny's, and other tine sorts.

fx e\v Fringed Pelarsoniuiu, Dr. Master's.

New and Knre Ferns.

New Tiiljerous-Rooled Begonias, double and single.

Sonerilla Hendersonii, hand-onie foliage and flue winter

bloomer.
Torenla Fournerl, a very pretty species.
\ eoUettion of New an«i Rare Slirubs and Trees.
.\ heautifiU collection of Dracjtnas, Crotons, Aloca-

eias, Caiadiunis and other tine foliiiire i)lants.
New sets of Gloxinias, Clematis, FiicUsias, Dahlias,

with an immense stock of new and heantitul plants, well

grown, all of which are offered at low rates.

Catalogue and Plate free to customers, to others 10 cents, or a
l)lain copy to all api)licant8 free.

An immense stock of all the ne\y and standard varieties, gro\yn
in pots on own roots, cheap.

NEW FRUITS.

NE *- PKARS, PKACHES. STR.\WBERR' ES, &c.
NEW SHRUBS and ORNAMENTAL. TREES,

With a large general
NURSERY STOCK, FRUIT TREES, EVER(;REENS, NOR-
WAY SPRUCE, AUSTRIAN PINE, SILVER FIR,
and other small EVERGREENS suitable
for Nurserymen.

Catalogues mailed to applicants.

teb.3. If'aslihif/ton, I). ('.

Boule de Neige (white), La Purite (red), the two best kinds
for florists, ready for delivery from cutting benrh, from March
1st to May 15th, a* $.S.OO per 100. free by mail. Spcial rates by
the 1000. Address O. R. W.\TERMA"N, Ag't, Andover, Mass.

febS

Rear of 428 Walnut Street, Philadelphia.

.\lanuta(tuic ol I'l.A 1 N and I'A N< ' V \V lltK-W ( »K K. tor FLO-
RISTS ; Wreaths (ro-ses. Stars, Crowns, Hearts, Anchors,
Rirds, Lambs, (Jips> Baskets, Hanging Haskets, Flower StandH,
&c.. latest designs.

The NOVELTY HITTERFLY, for Cut-Flower Designs, is a
L'reat attraction, .\ssorled sizes and colors, CO cents for 10.

"^ f li, 1. 111. 10 111. 12 lu

Wire Hanging Baskets, iminled, l.oo l.'i.'i 1..'.0 '.!.(«> per doz.
" '• " galvanized, 1.2.') l.W) l.T.") 2 JKl "

SEND FOR PRICE LIST. t-feb-tf

M-m Iw

mailoci n;ri: to

al! api.liruiit.s. If cnn-

tuiud colorc'l plale, 600 cD^ravlnj;

about liO paKcs, and full ilf.»ctipiiori<

prices and dircctious for iilauting ov<t 1 joo

variftics of VcKCtal.lc aii.l Flower So.-ds Plants, Rosc.i Kta.

Invaluable to all. Send f..r it. AJlr.ss '

D. M. FEERY & CO., Detroit, Mich.

TOrrO FOR FRUIT
I nLLO AND ORNAMENT.

500 ACRES OF TREES

At Wholesale and Retail. Pears, .\pples, Cherries, Plums,
Quinces and Small Fruits. Ornamenlal Trees and Shrubs, new
and old. Evergreens, choice, large quantities, and large va-
riety. Maples, Birch, Beech, Weeping Trees, BEST SORTS.
Magnolias, Rhododendrons, Hydrangeas.

CLEMATIS

Jackmanni, H years, extra, and «.') other sorts. ROSES, Per-
petual, Moss, Tea, and Climbing.

Clematis, Roses and Shrubs sent by MAIL, prepaid.

Catalogues free. REDUCED PRICES.

Address, T. C. MAXWELL & BROS,

mch2 Geneva, N. Y.

Large Specimeii Plants.

Our New Catalogue is now
lection of

lady. containing a large col-

SUCCULENTS, FERNS, PALMS,

AND

Specimen or Exposition Plants,

Sent free to all applicants.

HENRY' MICHEL & CO.,
107 North Fifth Street.
St. Louis, Mo.

FRUIT AND BREAD.

A Natnral and Scientifi*- 5>i«-t.

BY QUSTAV SCHI-ICKEYSEN.

Translated from the German by M. L. Holbrook. M. D. In-
tended to show what is the natural food of man ; to lead him to
become a living child of nature ; to simplify and beautify his
manner of living; to emancipate women from the drudgery of
the kitchen ; to lead to increased use of fruit ; to dimish the use
of flesh, and where possible, to do away with its use altogether;
to improve the health and add to the enjoyments and viliie ot
life. Cloth, 'i.'iO pages; 12mo. illustrated. Price, $1. Sent by
mail post-paid on receipt of price. Address,

CH.'VS. H. m.lROT, S14 Chestnut St., Phila.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

15

ANDRE LEROY'S

NURSERIE

ANGERS, FRANCE.

The lar<iest and rielie>t of Europe in

FBIJIT,

hm^i it \t\^M \m and Skbs,

CAMELLIAS, ROSES,
FRUIT TREE STOCKS, &c., &c.

Large culture of Vegetables and Field Seeds,
Bulbs, Flowers, &c.

C. RAOUX, Agent,
M'pM'-> 76 Park Place, New York.

tiardciier, Florist, and Horticultural Agent, Twenty-
Kirst St., below Greene, Philadelphia. Jobbing promptly
attended to. First-class reference furnished, and correspon-
ilence solieited. feb 3

NEW DOUBLE GERANIUM,

.Tenny Reid, dwarf hnbit, the finest scarlet grown, .Mic.

NEW COLEUS.

.Multicolor, Pictus, El Dorado, fine and distinct, 2.'ic. each.
DOUBLE GERANIUM.

25 Centennial varieties described in former catalogues.
;{-inch pots, $8 per 100; f 12 in 4-inch pots, per 100.
(Jlder varieties, 3-inch pots, per 100, $ti ; 4-inch pots, $10 per 100.

FUCHSIAS.

Hacemosa, very distinct, flowers of an orange color, .50c. each.
Fuchsias in l.") choice varieties, 3-inch pots, $6 per 100; 4-in.,$10.
Azaleas, fine plants, 3-inch pots, $10 per 100.
Azaleas, fine plants, 4-inch pots, $l.'i per 100.
Caladinms, fancy varieties. No. 1 — 2.5 varieties, $6.
t'aladiuniJ', fancy varieties. No. 2 — 2.5 varieties, $4.
■Oracena Termiualis Tricolor, 4-inch pots, $20 to %t% per 100.
'rub(!rose, strong bulbs, S4 per 100. Tuberose, Pearl, $.5 per 100.
Feriis and Selaginellas, 20 varieties, fine plants, $10 per 100.
Verbenas, 20 varieties, $3 to $.5 per ioo.

A general assortment of Hothouse, Greenhouse, and Bedding
Plants. JOHN DICK, Florist,

mch2 .58d and Darby Road, i'hiladelphia. Pa.

PEAR CULTURE FOR PROFIT.

BY P. T. (^IINN.

A practical Horticulturist and author of ".Money in the Garden."
Containing practical method of raising Pears intctlligcntly and
with best results ; character of soil, best mode <if ])r< paring it ;
best varieties to select under existing conditions ; best mode of
planting, pruning, fertilizing, grafting, and utiliznigtlx; ground
before the trees come into bearing, and finally gathering and
packing for market. Illustrated with practical cuts on prunning
and grafting, distance table and orchard record. 136 pages, 12
nio. cloth. Price $1. Sent tjy mail, post-paid on receipt of
price. Address,

CH.\S. H. M.AROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

CAREFULLY HYBRIDIZED,

Tuberous Rooted Begonias.

Plants from the finest strains in cultivation will be ready for
delivery about the 1st of Mav. Prices for single plants, by the
' dozen or hundred, on application.

A few packets of seeds of the above at 50c.

DANIEL BARKER,
No. 6T Brewer St.,

Norfolk, Va.
JS^New and Rare Plants a Specialty. mch2

j FIRST A]VD SECOND SIZE.

I Cherry Trees, Red Dutch Currents, Brandywine Raspberries,
j $10.00 per lOUO. Irish Juniper, 3 and 5 feet, comjiact, cheap by
the 100. Hemlock Spruce, 3 and 4 feet, bush v, $12 and $15
I per 100.

j JOSIAH A. ROBERTS,

I tfeb.tf Malvern, Pa.

' ALPINE FLOWERS FOR ENGLISH GARDENS.

j By W. Robinson, F.L.S.

1 An explanation of the principles on which the Exquisite;

' Flora of Alpine Countries may be grown to perfection in all
parts of the British Islands, with numerous lilui'trations of
Rock Gardens, Natural and Artificial. 70 illustrations, 440
pages, crown Svo, cloth. Price, $4.50. Mailed, postage free,

j on receipt of price.

I Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

I 814 Ciie^tnut St.. Phila.

j THE WILD GARDEN ;

Or, Our droves and Sli rubber ics Made Beautiful bif

the Naturalization of Hardy Ejcotie flantn.

By W. Robinson, F.L.S.

With Frontispiece.

23(> pages, 12rao, cloth. Price, $2.25. Mailed, postage free,

on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St.. I'hil"

PRACTICAL LAiNDSCAPE

GARDENING.

I BY F. R. KLI.IOTT

Designed for City and Suburban Residences, and Country
School- Houses ; containing designs for lots and grounds, from a
lot 30 by 100, to a forty-acre plot. Each plan is drawn to scale,
with schedule to each, showing where each tree, shrub, &c.,
should be planted ; condensed instsuctions for forming and car-
ing for lawns; building of roads ; turfing, protfctioa, pruning
and care of trees ; making cuttings, evergreens, hedges, screens,
&c. Condensed descriptions of all the leading trees and shrubs ;
soil and position in which they should be grown. Illustrations of
ground plans, elevations, trees, shrubs, winter gardening, ifcc,
96 pp., S vo. cloth. Price $1.50. Sent by mail on receipt of
price. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT, sl4 Chestnut St., Philadeli>hia.

BY BEN.J. r. WILLIAMS, F. R. H. S.

Containing descriptions of 930 Species and Varieties of
Orcliiclaceou.s Pbnits with notices of times of flowering,
approved modes of treatment and practical instructions on
general culture. Remarks on heat, moisture, soil, seasons
of growtli and rc^.^t suited to the several spi'cies.

FIFTH EDITION ENLARGED WITH COLORED FRONTISPICE
and numerous beautiful illusrrations, 336 Pages VA mo.
ClotU. Price $3.50. Sent by mail, po.-tage free on receipt

of price.

4th edition of the above work also on hand, 300 pages 12 mo.
cloth, illustrated. Price $2.50. Sc t by mail, postage free, on
receipt of price. .\(l<lreS8

CHAS. II. MAROT,
814 Chestnut Street. Philadelphia.

Till-: //( .'/V /■/( Y •/ ri />■. / /. . / /> / 'i:/< risj-./<

GRAPE VINES.

<"!itii\vl>iiK. Isiil)i'lln8, I'oiiconlH, ("rotiiiiH, I^lnu•lllls, Hri^^litoiii
Idiiiii", ICivcrs, anil

All Sorts at all Prices.

MKKl;i:i.l. \- ( ol.lCMAN,
li'b.S Niirporyinoii, (IiMicva, N. ^■.

PRACTICAL HINTS

Mill tin- Sflirliiili :lliil use nl lln-

MICROSCOPE,

COlSr^VEIR-SE &c CO.,
niNDCE, N. H.

Iiiti-iiiliil lor li'

1)V .lulls I'lMN.

MdiiHfac.tiirerc of 'I'dTii ltd nnd V.-rliMia IMiin' Hii''k''t<> Miirni;
Ho<ci'8, l'(rt imd Tree Label-", < fc Seuil for Price IJst.
Snniiilts scut on receipt ot 10 cents. Our Mailing lioxei* uro
lifjhicr, clienper, and more durable than paper. mcha

Kditcir of till? Am. .Tonrmil ol Microscopy. Knlarired edition.
Tridn-cly ijliisirated ; 181 pp., l'2nio., cloth; price, 75 cts.
\| lii.Ml ).n»t-ii \!,l im receipt of price. Address,

• 'HAS. II. MAUOT, 814 Clies-tnut St., Pliila.

25

ELROANT CARDS, no two alike, with name, 10c. ;or l.'i
I'limic I'liotoH or Actresses, lec.; or iO Fine Scroll Cards,
211 styles 111) iinme, lOc, i)ost-p!iid.
octl'i .1. r.. !!rsT?;i), Naasna, V. Y.

Allen's Planet Jr. Hand Seed Drills and Wheel Hoes

are N/fOii/iin/ inacliines ; tlionsamh
Kifiirt, Gcniinnn. and otlici" medal
J'li-iin'inii), is ;_'reallv imi)rove(! t
HORSE HOE, popular in ISTl
steel teeth, patent clevis, etc. Our
Srieot. Philadolpliia. Pa.

. ill use; liavL taken tin? Ccnlcnnial, Fiiiiik-liit Iiixtiluti' Si/vrr.
■■. Sold sepanite or coinhined ; tlie eombipied tool { AurifiiUitriat
.r 1873. PRICES much redwcd. THE PLANET JR.
, is perfected for 1S7S. Wrought bolted frame, poliihed cast
catalogue IS FRH:E. S. L. ALLliX A; CO., No. 2'2'J Markel

leli-l-

GHAPE VINES.

Also GRAPE WOOD and CUTTINGS. LARGEST STOCK IN" AMERICA.

All leading varieties in larjre supply. Extra qnalily. True to name. Special rate.S to Agents, Dealers and Nurserymen. Our
list of customers now enilnaces nearly all the leadiui: nurserymen in the country, to whom wi^ would refer those not acquainted
with onrst)ck. Dejtrriptive Catalogue ami Price JAat Free. T. S. Hl.'UIIARD, Fredoiila, IV. W aUL'.lo

J\. FXJLIL STOCJS OF .A-LX. SOI^TS. I'PIICE I.ISX FREE.

J'er 1000 Pei- lOlH)

Norway Spruce, fine, 15 to IS Arbor Vita?, American, 9 to 12

inches, . . . $40 00 inches, . . . $20 00

Norway Spruce, fine, 20 to 30 v Arbor Vit;e, American, 12 to 15

inches. . . . 60 00 inches, . . . 30 00

Norway Spruce, fine, H to 4 ft., SO 00 Arbor Vitse, American, IS to 24

Norway Spruce, fine, 2 to 3 ft., inches, . . . 60 06

sheared, . . .100 00 Arbor Vitae, American, 2 to 3

./lawns;hedgesi

ScRE^^S/WlKlDBBtAKS

Norway .S'purce, fine, 3 to 4 ft.,

sheared,
Norway Spruce, fine, 4 to 5 ft.,

sheared.

feet, . . . 80 00

LW 00 Arbor Vita>, Pyramidalis, 10 to

12 inches, . . . 100 00

200 00 Arbor Yitse, Pyramidalis, 12 to

15 inches.

Arbor Vitie, American, 6 to 9

inches, . . .15 00

. $160 00 Hemlock Spruce, trained trees, 4 to 5 feet,
. 200 00 Balsam Fir, 2 to 2yj feer, ....

. 300 00 '• 3 feet, . . . . .

4 feet, .....

Over sixty varieties of evergreens, one of the finest
. l.'iO (10 stocks in America.

TDEOIXDTJOXJS TREES.

Kilmarnock Weeping Willows, fine, 1 year, . . .fl.')0 oo Magnolia Acuminata, 3 to 4 feet,

" " •' 2 " . . 200 00 " 4 to 5 feel.

Arbor Vitu% Pyramidalis, 18 to 20 inches, .
" " " 2 to 2y. feet,

" " 3 feet.

The Pyramidalis is hardy as an oak, erect as a iuniper.
Scotch and Austrian Pine, 3 feet, . . . 100 no

Hemlock Spruce, trained trees, 3 feet.

120 09

$20 00
120 00
150 00
200 00

$.50 0
80 00

Linden, American, extra nice, 6 to 8 feet,
" " 8 to 10 feet.

Silver Maple, " 6 to 9 feet.

Magnolia Acuminata, 2 to 3 feet,

ER,TJIT TREES, ■Vi:iSrES, <&C

150 00 White Ash, splendid trees, 4 to 5 feet, twice transplanted, 60 00

200 00 Horse Chestnut, 5 to 6 feet,
100 00 " 6 to 7 feet,

30 00

Dwarf Pears, first class, 3 to 4 feet.

" second size, 2)4 to S)4 feet.

Standard Pear. 4 to 5>rf feet,

" 5 to 63^ feet, heavy.

Sweet Cherries, 5 to 7 feet, first class.
Wild Goose Plum, 4 to 5 feet,
" 5 to 6 feet,

Sliio no Concord (Jrape \'ines, strong, 2 years,

70 00 Martha " " 2 "

. 120 00 lona, " " 2 "

. 200 00 Black Naples Currants, " 1 "
. 100 00 " " " 2 "

. 100 III! White Grape Currants, 2 years,
. 120 Oil

SEEIDLIlSrGS, <ScC.

. $20 00 Sweet Chestnut, 12 to 16 "
3 00 " 18 to 24 "

5 00 White Mulberry, S to 10 inches,
20 00 " 12 to IS " ,

$5 (HI

1.50 00
200 00

$25 00
80 00
50 00
15 00
25 00
30 00

$8 00
20 00
10 00
20 00

Magnolia Acuminata, 1 to 2 feet,
Acer Neguudo, box elder, 1 year,
Norway Spruce, 2 years, 3 to 4 inches.
Horse Chestnuts, 1 year.
Sweet Chestnut, 6 to 10 inches,

A Complete Assortment of Nursery Stock.

STORRS, HARRISON & CO.,

gan4 J'oinescille, Lake Co., Ohio

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

17

LARGE @ SELECT LIST of ROSES.

30,000 Jill c I'Idiits from our List comprisinof over ROD varieties of the latest and choicest Roses,
grown on their ovvu roots and now readv for delivery.

Our selection jF/j/. Pe*7>. iVoJs., one year, $3.00 per dozen, $20.00 per 100.

" Tf-a auc[ Chi nn, . ' 2.f.0 " 16.00

Young Plants by mail 1.00 " 7.00

We can also supply from our many acres, of Xursery Stock, well grown and frequently trans-
planted, the choicest varieties of Fruit Trees, and all the new and Ijcst sorts of

Hardy, Ornamental Trees, Shrubs, Vines,

Ji: VBBGBEEW and JJECID UO US.

Fine Specimen Plants, for planting in Lawns, Yards, &c. Catalogues sent on receipt of 3 cent postage stamp.

mch.2.

Mt.Ahy Nurseries, PHILADELPHIA.

ROSES BY MAIL.

50,C00 young Roses from our list, comprising over 500 varie-
ties, well established, ready for Spring i)lanting.

Our selection, $1.00 per doz.; $7.00 per 100.
Buyer'.s " 1.50 " " 8 00 " "

If ordered "by the 100, must be sent by express or freight ; too
heavy for mailing. Catalogues sent on receipt of three cent
postage stamp.

MILLER & HAYES.
inch2 Mount Airy, Piiiladelphia, Pa.

3,000 Euonpus Radicans fariepta,

(Climbing Burnino

$1.00 per doz.; $7.00 per 100 per mail
$3.00 per doz. For sale by

MILLER & HAYES,
Mount Airy Nurseries,
mch'i Philadelphia, Pa

Bush.)
Large plants, SOc. each ;

50|000 Double luberose Bulbs,

Doz. 100 1000

First Quality Large Flowering Bulbs $ .75 $4.00 $25.0(1

Second Quality Flowering Bulbs 50 3.00 15.00

A few hundred EXTRA Large Bulbs 1.00 5.00

Dwarf Pearl, 1st quality Flowering Bulbs.... 1.50 8.00
If sent by mail, 25 cents per dozen, E.xtra.
The past season having been the most favorable far the
growth of Bulbs, we offer the largest and best ever sent out by
us.

MILLER & HAYES,
5774 Germantown Avenue,
mch2 Philadelphia, Pa.

1f^ ^%f\f\ Agents Wanted to sell our newly Patented
\^a^^\/^^ Novelties, Chromes, Jewelry, Watches. Re-
volvers, Engravings, Books, &c. Stationery Packages $10 per
bund. Special terms given to Agents everywhere. The best
pikes ever offered. Mammoth Catalogue with Samples free.
janl2 R. L. FLETCHER, 11 Bey St., N. Y.

PENFIELO'S PRICE LIST OP LABELUAROEI STAKES, GREENHOUSE ROOS.&c

jUdUl

IC

/

TJ

■ly

Ires and Bunch labels, N^l

N5 2

N TL

j^OO

O

m

N?4

These LABELS are superior to any other Wooden Labels Made.

POT LABELS, n°o

No. 1 Tree Labels notched for wire 35c.peTl000| No.3 Pot Labels, pointed,.

40c.

3 Bunch '• " " 1 in. by 4 in., SOc.

4 " " " " I'a' by 5 $1.00

0 Pet Labels, pointed, 7-16 inch by 3 inches, 35c.

1 " " y, by %y. 40c.

2 " " ^\ by 4 " 45c.

inch by i)4 inches, 45c. pel- loou
by 5 55c. "

5 " " }l by5J<? 65c. •'

6 " " % by 6 80c. '•
Garden Stakes, IK in. wide by 8 in. long $2.50

" l'„ in. wide by 10 in. long 3.00

" l^i in. wide by 12 i-n. long 4.00

Round Greenhouse Rods, cut to anv length required, and pointed % aad ":« inch in diameter, $2.00 per thousand feet, in length.
" " " " " " ;.j inch in diameter, 3.00 per thousand feet, in length.

Greenhouse Rods made of oak timber, 25 per cent, extra.
Oak Dahlia Stakes 1 inch in diaim-ier, 4 feet long, $3.00 per 100; 5 feet long, $4.00 per 100.

Orders amounting to more than $25 at one time will be allowed a discount of 10 per cent.

No charges for packages or cartage in this city.

eb3. Address O-H-A-S. II. i":ei>ji»i:e:xjI3, lockport. n. v.

Ig

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTlSRk.

NEW COLEUS ! A. F. CHATFIELD,

"Ml LTKOLOU."

A new and diniinct speclco, Introduci-d from the Soloman ]
iBlandd. In color it Is rtfniiiikal)lc for lliu niinibtT of rich
nhadiu of crimson, red, rose. Ac, Into which the leavcB
•port.

It is a vi-ry boHUtifiil plant, and will lie found among the most
upeftil of it? trilie for decoration.

Price 40 cents i-acli liy mail prepaid. Special terniH to the
trade.

Ellwanger & Barry,

ROCHESTER. N. Y.

CLEMATIS.

CLEMATI-^ JACKMANNI, 3 years, Extra Strong.

PEUPETUAL WHITE CLEMATIS, 15 sort*, 1 and 2 years.

We have SO varieties of Clematis, in many shades of color.
Plants sent by mail, prepaid. Catalogues free.

Address, T. C. MAXWELL & BRO'S,

nich2 Geneva, N. Y.

IMPORTER AND GROWER OF

EAST INDIAN

ORCHIDS.

For 1878.

Pare, Fresh and Reliable.

'^ CROSMAN BRO'S •will s<-nd their beaud- \T^
I'ullv Illustrated f'atalnKiii- of Flower I'nd —'
Vegetable Seeds to any address ou rt-celpt ofl'.c. slump.

CRUM.'MA.X mi«'.»»,
iEstablinhed 1S40. ) RocnESTER. N. Y-

london"gardener's chronicle

Will be furnished, post-paid, direct to subscribers in the U. S.

for $7.50 per year. Apply to

novtf CHAS. H. MAROT, Agent, S14 Che/itmd St., Phila.

PRICES ON APPLICATION.

AlbHnv. N. Y., Maicli 1. IsTs.

mclitt

The Farmer's Account Book

A Coiitplete SyNteni of Hook-Kerpiiig for Furmerit,
Pluiiterii and Gurdeiicm,

BV A. L. CAMITIELD.

Every one should keep a strict account of all business trans-
actions, and thereby save much trouble that comes of neglect.
This is a i)lain, practical system of book-keeping, easily under-
stood, and especially adapted to the wants of the Farmer.
Full instructions in each book. Can be carried in an ordinary
pocket; ISO pages, bound in sheep skin. Price "6 cents. Mailed
postage free on receipt of price. Address

CHAS. H. MAROT, 8U Chestnut St., Phila.

ASPARAGUS CULTURE;

Tlie liest Mctlioiln J£tn2>loyed in Enylnnii and J'rance.

By James Barnes and Wm. Robinson, F.L.S.
Illustrated, 23 pages, 12mo, paper. Price, 20 cents. Mailed,
postaire free, on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila

■i^ILrlBIS^- l:>TX1^^1sy£C>,

{Late of the Firm of Ximmo & Scollai/.y

PATENT improved: HOT WATER BOILERS

PRIZE MEDAL AND DIPLOMA AWARDED THIS BOILER AT THE
CENTENNIAL EXHIBITION.

1^" Please sead for Circular for explanation, etc., before you make up your mind to purchase elsewhere.

Bcp 12 1204 Degraw Street, near Nostrand Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

19

SUBTROPICAL GARDEN;

Or, Reauty of Form in the Flower Garden.
By W. Robinson, F.L.S_
Beautifully illustrated. 241 pages, 12mo, cloth. Price, $2.75.
Mailed, postage free, on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

BOOK OF ROSES.

By Francis Parknian.

Description, Cultivation and Propagation. Beautifully illus-
trated. 22-5 pages, 12mo, cloth. Price SI. 50. Sent by mail
post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT.

814 Chestnut St., Phlla,

ART OF GRAFTING AND BUDDING, ROSES AND ROSE CULTURE.

By Charles Baltet.
Appropriately and fully illustrated by cuts, showing meth-
ods, tools, and appliances. 230 pages, 12nio, cloth. Price,
$2.00. Mailed, postage free, on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT.

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

A HISTORY OF

The United States of America

BY JOSIAH W. LEEDS.

Including some important facts mostly omitted in the smaller

histories. Designed for general reading and for academies.

Brought down to the year 1S76. 468 pp., 12mo. cloth, toned paper.

Price, $1.75. Sent by mail, post-paid, on recept of price. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

mmm, Yceing and canning fruit.

By Mrs. M. E. Peterson.
Containing a choice collection of receipts of Preserving,
Pickling, and Canning Fruits, many of them being original from
housewives of experience. 72 pages, 16mo, Cloth. Price 50
cents. Sent by mail, post-paid, on receipt of price.
Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

Fi*uit Growers' Iland-Book.

By F. R. Elliott, anthor of "Western Fruit Growers'
Guide," (one of the best posted men on the subject in the
United States). Contains the nractice ou all subjects connec-
ted with fruit growing. The book is made for those who grow
fruit for their own use. Also an Appendix, containing matter
relating to the selection and culture of Ornamental Trees,
Roses, Plants, &c. Illustrated with 45 wood-cuts, 1:^0 pages,
lemo cloth, 11 ; paper, 60 cts. Sent by mail postpaid on re-
ceipt of price. Address

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

The vegetable gaedenT

BY JAMES HOGG.

A complete guide to the cultivfition of Vegetables, contain-
ing thorough instructions for Sowing, Planting and Cultiva-
ting all kinds of Vegetables; with plain directions for prepar-
ing, manuring and tilling the soil to suit each plant; including
also a summary of the work to be done in a vegetable garden
during each month of the year. 137 pages, 16mo., cloth. Il-
lustrated. Price 60 cents ; sent by mail, postpaid, on receipt
of price. Address

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

AMERICAN FRUIT CULTURIST.

BY JOHN J. THOMAS. |

Practical directions for the Cultivation of Fruit Trees in tbo

NURSERY. ORCHARD AND GARDEN.

Descriptions of the principal American and Foreign varieties. !
Plain Edition, 480 engravings, 511 pages, 12 mo. Price, $3. OQ !
Mailed post-paid on receipt of price.

r.;r~Kxtra Xldition, 57$ pages, he»Ty paper, fine cloth, 508 I

illu trations and chromo frontispiece; mailed, for 83.75.'tt-i|J I

Address CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnu. St.. Philal |

BXJXjBS. I

By Edward Sprague Rand, Jr.

A treatise on Hardy and Tender Bulbs and Tubers. 357 pages, '

iirao, cloth. Price, ji.50. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt J

•f price. I

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT. I

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

By Wm. Paul, F.R.H.S.
The rationale of Rose cultivation in a nut-shell. Intended to
place within a small compass all that is necessary for the successiiil
cultivation of the " Queen of Flowers." 83 pages, iimo, paper-
boards. Price, 60 cents. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of
price. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT,
814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

"parsons on the~rose^"

By Samuel B. Parsons.

A treatise on the Propagation, Culture and History of the
Rose. Illustrated. 215 pages 12mo, cloth. Price $1.50. S«nt.
by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

iHowTo Paint

A New Work by a Practical Painter, design
ed for the nse of Tradesmen, nicclianics,
nercliaiit»< Farmers, and as a Guide to Pro-
fessional Painters. Containing a Plain Com-
mon-Sense Statement of the Methods employed by
Painters to produce satisfactory resnlts in Plain
and Fancjr Painting of every description, iuclad
Ing Formulas for Ifllxing Paint in Oil or
Water, Tools required, etc. This is Jnst the Book
needed by any person having anything to paint, and
makes

"Every Mar His Own Painter.'

Full Directions fc Jeing Wliite Lead— Lamp«
Black— Greer -Yellow— Brown— W^hit-
Ins— Glue- Pumice Stone — Spirits of
Xurpentin-) — Oils — Varnislies — Furni-
ture Varuisb — milk Paint — Prcparlus
Kalsoniiue, etc.

Paint for Outbuildings

— WliitcAvasli- Paste for Paper-Hangine -
Hanging Paper-Graining in Oak, Maple,
Komewood, Black Walnut — Staining—
Decalcomania— ITIakIng Rustic Pictureii

— Painting Flower-Stands — Rosewood
Polish — Varnislilng Furniture — Wax-
ing furniture— Cleaning Paint—

Paint for Farming Tools

~for Machinery— Household Fixturps, etc.

To Paint a Farm Wagon

-to Re-Varni»h a Carriage— to make Plas-
ter Casts. The work is neatly printed, with illus-
trations wherever they can serve to make the subject
plainer, and it will save many times its cost
yearly. Every family should poseeBS a copy. Pric«
oy mail, post-paid, $1.

CHARLES H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, Pa

•20

TflF. f/ON rn Y 7. 77 'RA I A P I 'F.R TISF.R.

CLUB PAPERS AT NET PRICES,

ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED.

TO REMIT IN CLUBBING

Miiv nt ilic |(ill()\vin<» list with th
GARDENER'S MONTHLY

Sckct such a^ ymi uisli. foot up the prices annexed, and aild TWO DOLLARS
for ihe MONTHLY to the total.

.\tiicruan Au'ritullnrifl. $1

Imiiiui r 1

Artisnu 1

Builder. 2

" Naturalist 3

Odd Fellow 1

.\l)j)l(>tnn's Journal 2

.Vllliur"8 Hoini; Magazine 1

Atlantic Monthly 3

l?(i!-ton Cultivator 1

Huildiug Association Journal

" Socittties Gazette, London, England 1

Bucks County lutclligeneer, old subscribers, $2.C0, new... 2

California HorticuliuriM; 2

Central Union .Vgrieulturist and Chromo 1

Children s Friend 1

" Hour 1

Coleman's I{ural World 1

Country Gentleman 2

Demorest's M.sgazine 2

fCclertic Magazine 4

Farmer's Home Journal 1

Farm Journal

Frank Leslie's Ladies' Magazine 3

" Iteview 2

Gennantown Telegraph, old subscribers, $2.50, new 2

God>'y's Lady's Book 2

Graphic, (Daily), per year »

Hall's Journal'of Health 1

Harper's Bazar 3

" Magazine 3

" Weekly 3

Herald of Health 1

Household

Iowa Homestead \

Journal of Chemi.stry 1

Journal of Materia Medica 1

Kansas Farmer 1

Lady's Floral Cabinet, with Chromo 1

Ladies' Repository .^^ 3

Le.-ilie's Lady's Journal 3

Lippincott'g Magazine 3

Littell's Living Age 7

Ijondtm Garden S

London Gardener's Chronicle 7

Maine Farmer 2

Manufacturer and Builder 1

Maryland Fanner fl

Mie.sachu.setts Ploughman 2 (Mi

Metropolitan 1 i«

Milling Journal \'vg,

Moore's Rural New Yorker 2 SJi

Nation 4 7f!"

National Baptist 2 3^

New England Farmer 2 35

" " Homestead 2 10

New York Evangelist *. 2 6«

New York Methodist 2 90

" HenililWeekly 1 (in

" " P(»t Wreklv. $1.40 Semi-Weekly 2 CO

" " Times, Weekly, $'..40; Semi-Weekly 2 60

" " Tribune, Weekly, $1.40 ; Semi-Weekly 2 60

" " World, WecKlj', $1.40; Semi-Weekly 2 CO

North-Western F'armer i 10

Nursery 1 20

; Ohio Farmer 1 60

1 Our Home Journal 2 2f>

Park's Floral Gazette 40

Peun Monthly 2 10

Peter's Musical Monthly a 60

Peterson's Mairazine 1 70

Philadelphia Weekly Press 1 60

Philadelphia Weekly Times 1 35

'■ Phrenolosrical Journal 1 60

i Poultry World .^ 1 00

I Poultry World, colorcfl plate edition 1 7.'i

Popular Science Monthly 4 2o

Practical Farmer, (Weekly.)... 1 60

Prairie Farmer ' Ko

Purdy's Small FruitRecorder 86

Saint Nicholas 2 60

Saturday Evening Post 1 ''i

Scientific American 2 75

Scientific Farmer 86

Scribner's Monthly 3 45

Southern Cultivator 1 88

Sonlhern Planter- and Farmer \ S."!

Vick'e Illustrated Monthly Magazine 95

Waverly Magazine 4 65

Western AgricultiU'ist 85

Western Farmer 1 80

" Rural ; 00

Worklntr Farmer 1 10

Young Folk's Monthly 95

Youth's Companion' new subscribers $1.40; old subscribers 1 75

The above includes postage under the new U. S. Law reciuinng prepayment of postage before ma/Ving.

After subscription to a club paper through this aoency, report non-receipt of your numbers
and other causes of dissatisfaction, irregularities of mails or changes of residence, only to saxH
paper direct [not to this office).

Remit by P. O. Order, Draft or Registered Letter. Currency is at risk of mails.

If yon wish a receipt or reply, enclose postage stamp for that purpose, otherwise the club papers will be considered a
suSicient receipt.

A.ddrf8s,

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

RURAL AND PRACTICAL BOOKS,

sent by mail, post paid, on receipt of price.

Allen's, E. L., Diseases of Domestic Animals

Allen's L. F. Rural Architerfure

Allen's, L. F., American Cattle •

Allen's, R. L. & L. P., New American Farm Book

AlleB's, R. L., American Farm Book

American Architect

American Bird Fancier. (Brown's)

American Weeds and Useful Plants

Apple Cnltnrist, S. E. Todd

Art of Saw Filing

Art of Graftingand Budding

Architecture, Modern American, Curamings & Miller

" Priuciplns and Practice of, Loring & Jenuing.

Asparagus Culture, paper

Baker's Fruit Culture

Bassett on Cranberry Culture

Barry's Fruit Garden

Bell's Carpentry made easy

Bement's Poulterers' Companion

Bement's Rabbit Fancier

Beet Root Sugar

Bickiiell's Village Builder, 77 plates

Bommer's Method of Making Manures

Boussingau'ifb, J. B., Rural Economy

Breck's New Book of Flowers

Bridgeman's American Gardener's Assistant

Bridgeman's Fruit Cultivator's Manual

Bridgeman's Kitchen Gardener's Instructor

Building Associations, How to Manage

Building Associations, What They Are

Bnisfs, Robert, Am. Flower Garden Directory

Buist's, Robert, Family Kitchen Gardener

Burr's Field and Garden Vegetables of America

Carpenter and Joiner's Hand Book, (Holly)

Chorlton's Grape-Grower's Guide

Chemistry of the Farm, (Nichols)

Cleveland's Villas and Cottages

Cobbett's American Gardener

Cole's, S. W.. American Fruit Book

Cole's American Veterinarian

Coop.;r's Rural Hours •

Copeland's Country Life

Dadd's, Geo. H., American Cattle Doctor

D^dd's Modern Horse Doctor

Dana's, Samuel H., Muck Manual

Darwin's Variations of Animals and Plants, (2 vols)

Darwin's Insectiverous Plants

DeVoe's Market Assistant

Downing's, A. J., Landscape Gardening

Downing's Cottage Residences

Downing's Fruits and Fruit Trees of America

Downing's RuraJ Esjiays

Downing's Ladies' Companion to the Garden

DuBreuil's Vineyard Culture, (Dr. Warden)

Eastwood on Cultivation of the Cranberry

Elliott's Western Fruit (Jrower's Guide

Elliott's Landscape Gardening..

Elliott's Lawn and Shade Trees

Elliott's Fruit Growers' Hand Book, paper, 60 cents, cloth

Farming for Boys

Field's, Thomas W., Pear Culture

Five Acres too much, (illustrated)

Flagg's European Vineyards

Flax Culture

Flint, Chas. L., on Grasses

Flint's Milch Cows

Fowler's Homester All

French's Farm Drainage

Fuller's Grape Culturist ...

Fuller's Small Fruit Culture

Fuller's Strawberry Culturist

Fuller's Forest Tree Culturist

Fulton on Peach Culture

Gentry's Life Histories of Birds, (2 vols)

Gray's How Plants Grow

Gray's Manual of Botany

Gray's Manual, Botany and Lessons, in one vol

Gray's School and Field Book of Botariy

Gregory on Squashes, paper

Guernon on Milch Cows

Guide to Fortune .«.

Harazthy's Grape Culture and Wine Making

Harris' Insects Injurious to Vegetation, clo.$4 ; col. eng's

Harris on the Pig

Hatfield's American House Carpenter

Henderson's Practical Floriculture

Henderson's Gardening tor Pleasure

Henderson's Gardening for Profit

Herbert's Hints to Horsekeepers

Hoopes on Evergreens

Hop Culture......

How to Buy a Farm, and Where to F4nd One

How to Paint

Hussman's Grapes and Wines

Jacques' Manual of the House

(and any others in the market not on this list) will be
Address CuAS. H. Marot, 814 Chestnut St.,Phila.

$1 00 I Jacques' Manual of the Garden

1 60 i Jennings' Cattle Doctor

2 50 Jennings on the Horse and His Diseases

2 50 ' Jennings' Sheep, Swine and Poultry

1 50 ' Johnson's Gardeners' Dictionary

7 00 Johnson's How Crops Feed

.SO \ Johnson's How Crops Grow

1 75 Johnson's Peat and its L'Ses

1 .50 Johnston's Elements of Ag. Chemistry and Geology

75 ! Johnston's J. S. W., Agricultural Chemistry

2 00 I Kemp's Landscape Gardening

10 00 Klippart's Farm Drainage -

12 00 Langstroth, Rev. L. L., on the Hive and Honey Bee

20 Leeds' History of United States

4 00 i Leuchars' How to Build Hot-houses

30 ! Leibig's, Justus, Familiar Lectures on Chemistry ,

2 50 , Louden's Encyclopaedia of Plants

5 00 , Lyman'.s Cotton Culture

2 00 McMahon's American Gardener

30 Mayhew's Practical Book-keeping for Farmers

1 50 Mechanics' Companion, (Nicholson)

12 00 Meehau's Ornamental Trees

25 ! Miles on the Horse's Foot

1 60 1 Miner's, T. B., Bee-keeper's Manual

1 75 ' Mohr on the Grape-vine

2 50 1 Money in the Garden

1 00 i My Vineyard at Lakeview

1 00 I My Farm of Edgewood

2 00 My Ten-rod Farm

75 North American Sylva, 5 vols., 156 col. plates, in 30 parts

1 50 I " " unbound

1 00 i " " Half Turkey Antique, gilt

5 00 : " " full " "

75 ! Nichol's Chemistry of the Farm and Sea

75 Norton's, John P., Elements of Scientific Agriculture

1 25 ! Norris' Fish Culture

4 00 Onion Culture

75 Our Farm of Four Acres

75 : Packard's Guide to the Study of Insects c'.oth

75 Paul's Book of Roses ,

2 00 ' Paul's Rose Garden

5 00 ! Paxton's Botanical Dictionary

1 50 I Pardee on Stra ' berry Culture

1 50 I Parkman's Book of Roses

1 25 Parson's, Samuel B., on the Rose

6 00 Peat and its Uses

7 00 i Pear Culture, Fields

2 50 Pedder's, James, Farmers' Land-measure

6 50 j Percheron Horse

3 00 Peterson's Preserving, Pickling and Canning Fruit

5 00 I Phin's Open-air Grape Culture and Wine Making

3 50 \ Quinn's Pear Culture for Profit

2 00 ' Quinby's Mysteries of Bee-keeping Explained

2 00 ; Randall's Sheep Husbandry

76 Randall's Fine Wool Sheep Husbandry

1 50 ; Rand's Bulbs

1 50 Rand's Flowers for Parlor and Garden

1 50 I Rand's Popular Flowers and How to Cultivate them

1 00 j Rand's Garden Flowers

1 50 I Rand's Orchid Culture

1 25 Rand's Rhododendrons

1 50 Robinson's Alpine Flowers

1 .50 ' " Sub-Tropical Garden

50 " Wild Garden

2 50 i Ropp's Commercial Calculator, cloth $1, Morocco Tuck...

2 50 j Rose Culturist paper

1 50 I Robbins', R., Produce and Ready Reckoner

1 50 i Saunders' Domestic Poultry, paper, 40 cloth

I 50 ■ Saxton's Hand Book, in four series, each

1 .50 ! Schenck's Gardeners' Text-book

20 j Scribner's Ready Reckoner and Log-book

1 50 j Strong's Cultivation of the Grape

1 .50 I Ten Acres Enough

4 UO ; Thomas, J. . J., Farm Implements

1 25 I Thomas, J. J., Fruit Culturist ; old ed., $3 00 ; new edition

2 25 Tobacco Culture

4 00 I Vine's Chemical Manures

2 50 I Warder's American Pomology

30 1 " Hedges and Evergreens

75 i Waring's Drainage for Profit and Health

100, " Elements of Agriculture

6 00 " Earth Closets. .T.

6 ,50 Webster's Dictionary, L^uabridged

1 ,50 Well's Every Man his own Lavpyer

3 50 I Williams, B. S., on Stove & Greenhouse Plauts,2 vols.jill'd

1 50 VVilliams, B. S., on Select Ferns and Lycopods

1 oO Williams, B. S., Orchid Grower's Manual, 4th edition

1 .50 " '" " " 5th edition

1 75 Window Gardening

3/00 White's Gardening for the South

40 " Cranberry Culture

1 75 Wood's Class Book ol Botany

1 00 Wright's Practical Poultry Keeper

1 50 ; Youatt on the Horse

1 50 '• Youman'6 Household Science

1 75
1 75
1 76

1 75
3 .50

2 00
2 00
1 25
1 .50

1 75

2 50

1 75

2 00
1 75
1 50

75
21 00

1 50

2 26
90

3 00
75
7J>

1 25
1 00
1 .50
1 25
1 75
60

60 00

70 00

75 00

1 25

75
1 T6

20
1 25
6 00

60
3 00
15 00

75
1 .5'J
1 cO
1 25
1 25

60
1 09

60
1 60
1 00
1 50
1 50
1 00
1 50
2^.50

1 26

2 50

3 00

1 60

4 50

2 76
2 25

2 00
30
75
75

1 50
76
30

3 00
1 50
1 50
3 50

26
1 25
3 00
1 50
1 60

1 00
50

12 00

2 00

5 00
2 50

2 50

3 50

1 60

2 00

1 25

3 50

2 00

1 75

2 00

ia.

THE HORTJCULILRAL ADVERTISER.

ARITHMETIC MADE EASY.

ROPP'S EASY CALCULATOR

Is a now niiMlcatioii tliui must prove of iiu>ilcnlaI)lo hetieilt to
FarnuTS M.-i tmiilts iiiul Husiii.w inrn. It \«»v> rai,u\M\i\nrun-
,,al H« t(i i«tartl.' tlif most Hclioliirly. and y.-t .so«mi;</<'an(l i»,if-
tiral "that tho most HUttrate in fluun'S can hixtanlaiwously
heconic liis own accountant. It eiiahlcs thonsaiuls to arcom-
ptish in a wiuuti- what they could not Ifnrn to calculati- in many

""rho tlrnt part containiuK an entirely ntir Mi/Mtnn of Tahlee,
wliich sliowH at a alaiirf the exact values ot all kinds of Oraiii,
Stock llav. Coal, lumber, Merchandise, etc., from ont- potnid
up to a ra'r lond, and lor any price wliich the market 18 ' K^Jy w
reach- the Interest on any sum for any time at t>, 7, Sand 10 per
cent •' correct mea^urenu-nt of all kinds of Lumber, Saw Logs, :
risterns. Tanks, Granaries, Bins, Wagon Beds, Corn Tribs ; a
Time, Wanes, and manv other valuable tables.

The Second part is a j/rarficn/ Arithmetic, and embodies a
simple mathematical principle which enables an;/ oiw faniiUar
with the fundamental rules to become a 6;//irui»;; r(iic-«faro>-;
and by which over two-thinU of the flcnres and labor required
by the ordinary methods, and /racrio»» with their intricacies,
are entirelv avoided. . ■ n j

The work is nicely printed on Rne tinted paper, is well and
elegantly bound in poVket-bnok shape and is accompanied by a
silicate Slate, Memorandum and Pocket for papers. It is by far
the most complete, comprehensive and coavenient pocket
manual over published. , , ^^ ^.., i i &., <w>

PRICES Boniicl »n Russia Leather, C-lUled, »4.00,
Movrocto, Sl.-'iO j Fine Eiif^Ilsh Cloth, $1.00.

5.eut post paid on receipt of price. .Vddress.

CHAS. H. MAROT,

sl4 Chestnut Strket, Phila.

A MANUAL OF VEGETABLE PLANTS.

BY ISAAC P. TILLINGHAST.

Ccmtaining the experiences of the author in starting all those
kind* of vegetables which are most difficut for a novice to pro-
duce from seed; with the best meihods known for combating
and repelling noxious insect.s and preventing the diseases to
which ''arden vegetables are subject. 102 pages, 16mo. cloth.
Price, $1.00, mailed, post-paid, on receipt of price. Address,

CHARLES H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

BACK VOLUMES

OF THE

Gardener's Monthly

Can still be had in numbers, per year -
Bound in neat cloth cases, including numbers, -

" " Koau " " ■ "

Delivered postage free.

Or mail us your own numbers, and have them bound in cloth
cases for 90 cents. Keturned to you bound postage free.
Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street,

PHILADELPHIA..

GARDENING FOR PLEASURE.

BY TKTKR HKMjKKSON.
A puide to the Amateur in the

FRUIT, VEGETABLK and FLOWER GARDEN.

With full diri'ctions for the
Oreonhouse, Conservatory and Wmdow-Oarden.
Illustrated, 2.'")0 Pages, IJmo, doth. Price Jl.Sfl. Sent by
mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MABOT, 8U Chestnut St., Phila.

$2 10
300
3 18

GARDENING BY MYSELF.

By Anna Warner.

Containing Hints and Experiences under heading of eack
month in the year. Illustrated. 16mo, 223 pages, cloth. Price
$1.25. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

WINDOW GARDENING.

By Henr>- T. Williams.

Devoted specially to the Culture of Flowers and Ornamental
Plants for In-door use and Parlor Decoration. Splendidly illus-
trated. 300 pages, med. 8vo, cloth. Price $1.50. Sent by mail
post-paid on rtceipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MABOT,

8U Chestnut St., Phila.

NEW AM) STANDARD BOOKS

AKCHITECTUKE,

A.VI)

AGRICULTURE,

Sent post paid on receipt of price.

Woodwanl's Artistic Drawintr Studies $ 6 01

Woodwani s Urnami-uial niid Fancy Alphal>et8 6 00

Woodwanis Country Homes 100

Woodwiinl's <;ottagi8 and Farm Liouses 1 00

Woodward R Country and Suburban Houses... 1 00

Woodward s (traperies. &c- 100

Woodwards Desisns for the Fret Saw 50

Woodward 8 National Architect, Vol. One 7.^6 «

Woodwards Nationa 1 Architect, Vol. Two.... 7 50

Wheeler s Honn-s f ir the People 2 0 >

Wheeler's Rural Hoims 130

Copley's ""tandard Alphabets 3 00

Jaciiues' Manual of tlic House 100

Mcinckton's iNational Stair Builder 5 00

Moiickt' n's Nati'innl Carpenter and Joiner.... 5 00

Rural Church Archi trcture 4 00

Hussey s National^' ottage Architecture 4 00

Cupper's Stair BuildiT 8 50

Eveleth's School House Architecture 4 00

Harney's Barns, Out Ijuilduigs and Fences 4 0'

Jacques' Warden. Fann and Barn Yard 1 50

Tedd's Youne Farmer's Manual. 3 A'ols 4 50

Vol. 1. Farm and Wdrksliop 150

" 2, Profitable Farming 150

•' 3 Wheat Culture 150

Klliott's Lawn and Shade Trees 100

Fuller's Forest Tree Culturlst 100

Randall's Practica 1 Shepherd 2 00

WlUard's Practica 1 Dairv Husl)andry 3 00

Willard's Practica I Butter Book I 00

Lewis' Practical Poultry Book ! 50

Ten Acres EnoMch 1 00

HowtoGeta Farm, &;c 100

Our Farm of Four Acres 60

Flax Culture 10

Husraann s (irapes and Wine 1 00

Phin s Grape Culture 100

Thomery System of Grape Culture 30

Frank Forester's Field Sports, :! Vols 4 09

Frank Forester's Fish and Fishing 2 50

Frank Forester's Youns Sportsman's Manual. 2 00

Frank Forester's Ameriaan Game 150

Practical Trout Culture 100

The Breechloader 1 25

The Dead Shot. The Gun 1 25

Tlie Crack Shot. The Rifle 125

Frank Forester's Horse of America. 2 Vols — 5 00

Horse Portraiture Training Trottei-s 2 00

The D' g— Hreeding. Breakii.g. &c 3 00

Wallace's American Trotting Register I" 00

■Wallace's American Stud Book.... 10 SO

Gun, Rod and Saddlfe 1 OC

ASOBBSS,

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814^he8tnut St., Phila.

GARDENTNGFOR PROFIT.

BY PBTER HENDERSOK.

A Guide to the successful cultivation of the

MARKET AND FAMILY GARDEN.

New and enlarged edition. Illustrated. 276 Pages, 12mo, cloth.
Price, 81.50. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

22

SITUATIONS WANTED.

A Situation as gardener and farmer by tlie undersigned.
Can taite full direction of an estate, lay out, and eurperintend
work. Ib a tirst-clasa propagator and plantsman, understands
the forcing of fruits and vegetables. Married. II ighest refer-
ences given. Address, B. F., care of the Tremont Botanic
Garden, Tremont. N. Y. City.

A PRACTICAL Gardener wishes a situation. 25 years'
experience in the West; thoroughly qualified. No objec-
tion to the country. Understands the business in all its
branches. Address Gardener, care Jonathan Periam, Ch.cago,
Illinois.

A YOUNG single man, with considerable experience, wishes
a situation as assistant gardener in a first-class private es-
tablishment ; or as assistant propagator and plantsman in a
nursery. Can be well reccommenaed. For particulars address
H. E. Chitly, Florist, Patterson, N. J.

AS propagator and manager of a nursery. Can propagate the
finest sorts of Evergreens and Deciduous Trees and Plants
by grafting and otherwise, as well as all kinds of Fr,uits; slso
soft wood plants. Had eighteen years' experience in managing
men, and in some of the largest nurseries in the country,
competent to take entire charge. Address E. F. L., care of A.
Hance & Son, Red Bank, N. J.

AS Gardener l)y a single man, in a private or commercial
establishment. A good propagator and plantsman, well
versed in the management of a commercial establishment or
gentleman's place. No objection to any part of the country.
First-class references given. Address, A. B., Gardener,
Pittsburgh P.O. Pa.

WANTED.

A Practical Nurseryman to buy the interest of Mr.
Bucliauan, whose failing health compels him to retire. Ad-
dresi

BEADLE & BUCHANAN,

apri St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada.

For a term of years 8.000 to 10,000 feet of glass, well fitted

up for growing Cut Flowers and Beduino Stuff. Good

trade, well established in a very thriviny city of 15,000 popnla-

tlon. Possession given July Ist. Terms low. Plenty of land.

Address,

R. LINSLEY,

West M^eriden. Conn,

PRACTICAL FLORICULTURE.

By Peter Henderson.
A Guide to the successful cultivation of

FLORISTS' PLANTS,

ioT ihe Amateur send Professional Florist. Illustrated. 288 pages,
lamo, cloth, Price, ;^i. 50. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of
price.

Address, CHAS H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

GARDENERS' DICTIONARY.

By Geo. W. Johnson, Editor of " Cottage Gardener."

Describing the Plants, Fruits and Vegetables desirable for the
Garden, and explaining the terms and operations employed in
t'neir cultivation. New Edition, with a supplement, including the
new plants and varieties. 910 pages, i2mo, cloth, fine print. Price,
^3.50. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

rose~garden;

By Wm. Paul, F. R. H. S.

Embracing History of the Rose ; rorniation of Rosarium ; detail-
ed account of practice for sueoessful cultivation ; arrangement ia
natural groups of most esteemed varieties, English and Foreign,
in the most eminent Gardens ; with full description and remarks
on origin an 1 mode of culture. Numerous illustrations. 2oC
pages. Royal Svo, cloth. Price 83.00, Sent by mail post-paid
on receipt of price. Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

AMERICAN GARDENER'S ASSISTANT.

By Thomas Bridgeman.

Containing complete practical directions for the cultivation of
Vegetables, Flowers, Fruit Trees and Grapevines. Illustrated.
529 pages, 12mo, cloth. Price $2,50. Sent by mail post-paid on
receiptor price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chehtnut St., Phila.

Manual of BFtany oTtSelorlliern UnllStales.

By Asa Gray.

Including the district east of the Mississippi and north of Carolina
and Tennessee. Arranged according to the Natural System. Illus-
trated with 20 plates of Sedges, Gra-ses, Ferns, &c. 703 pages,
Svo, half-arabesque cloth sides. Price, $2.2$. Sent by mail post-
paid on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

CLASS BOOK OF BOTANVr

By Alphonso Wood, A. M.
Being outlines of the Structure, Physiology and Classification of
Plants ; with a Flora of the United States and Canada. 832 pages,
Svo, half arabesque cloth sides. Price, ^13.50. Sent by mail post-
paid on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

HOW PLANTS GROW.

By Asa Gray, M. D.

A simple Introduction to Structural Botany, with a Popular
Flora, or an arrangement and description of Common Plants,
both wild and cultivated. Illu.strated with 500 wood engravings.
233 pages, large 16mo, half-arabesque, paper sides. Price $1 25.
Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

BOOK OF EVERGREENS.

I By Josiali Hoopes.

A practical treatise on the Conifene or Cone-bearing plant.s
Handsomely illustrated. 435 pages, 12mo, cloth. Price $3 00'
Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address

CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

ORNAMENTAL TREES.

By Thomas Meehan.

An American Hand-Book, containing the personal observa-
tions of ihe author. 257 pages, 24mo, cloth. Price T5 cts. Sent
by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

LAWN AND SHADE TREES.

By F. R. Elliott.

Deciduous and Evergreeti Trees and Shrubs, for planting in
Parks, Gardens, Cemeteries, &c., &c. Illustrated. 125 pages,
i2mo, cloth. Price, gi. 50. Sent by mail, post-paid, on receipt of
price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

HOW TO LAY OUT A GARDEN.

By KtlwArd Kemp.

A general guide in Choi.sing, Forming and Improving an K.s-
tate (from a quarter-aero to a hundr d acres in t-vtent 1, with
reference to both design and execution. Ilhistralod with nu-
merous plans, sections and sketches. 403 pages, r2mo, cloth.
Price S2.50. Sent by mail po.st-paid on receipt of pri. e.
Address • CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Pliila.

GR\PE CULTURALIST.

By Aiidfcw S. Fuller.

A treatise <in the Cultivation of the Native Grape, Illustratrd.
28G pages, 1211111, cloth. Prlco gl ,50. Sent by mail post-paid on
receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St.. Phila.

•24

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

Index to Advertisements.

AdviTll^i rxi'i' if'i<ii>itiil tti Adit' ordrrn in litinil u.i ICaui.Y as
PoKsiiu.E. Ci'pii rectiieii (i/lrr tin' '2'iil 'i/ ,'iu-h inuiith mixind li,'
iN->i'KEi) iuM-Tti'un in Hit 7ifjct insuf.

Achelip Cieo., WoBt Clictt-r, Pa., 1'2

AL'futs .lournnl, Now York, 10

Allen S. L. & Co.. Plilliulvlphii\, I'li 16

Aniorkan Steamship Co.. PhiluiUlphia, Pa., ... 6

Barker Dauicl, NorMk, Va l-*"

BuverwJorf.T M. M. & Co., I'liilail.'lphia, ... 4

Bel 8on, lUirpec & Co., Philadelphia, Pn 11

Howk.r A Co., Storkbridtre NiM>eri( s. Ponton, New York, M

Brenneinaii \V. H. HarrishurK, Pa., 11

Bridtremaii Alfred, New York, 1'-

Biilz I'aul A Son, New Caetle, Pa 11

Beadle A Buchanan, SI. Catharines, Ontario, Canada, . '.'3
Brinton \V. P. Christinua, Lancnuter Co., Pa.. . . Ki

Brown, Dr., O. Phelps. Jersey City, N. J., . . . T

Carpenter S. P. New Kochelle. New York. li

Carnon \Vm. H., New Y'ork, Fly-lenl

Collinn .John S., Jloorestown. N. J., 11

Converse & Co.. Kiudge, N. 11. l'"'

Campbell George W , Delaware, O., i4

Chatfleld A. F., Albany, N. Y IS

Chadborn AColdwell M'f'g, Co., Newbure, N. \., . . T

Crossnian Bro8..Hocheeter, N.T., 18

Chago Floral Co., Chicago, 111 • S

Dick John, Philadelphia, •>, 15

Dingee & Conrad Co., West Grove, Pa., .... 2

Dreer II. A., Philadelphia, Pa., lu

DeCon, S C, Moorestown, N. J., ^

Elder Walter, Philadelphia, 11

Elhvanger & Barry, Ml. Hope Nurseries, Rochester. N.\. . 11, 18

EvtrettA Small, Boston, Mass.. 0

Ferry D. M. & Co., Detroit, Mich., 14

Fletcher K. L., New York IT

Froft Edward A., Rochester, N. Y., 7

Gregory James J. H., Marblehead, Mas?. . . m, 11, Fly-leal

Hales H. W., Ridgewood, N. J 11

Harris \Vm. K., Philadelphia, 11

Hans, r F. J., Readint', Pa., lO

Henderson Peter & Co., New York 1

Hewes A. H. A Co., Cambridge, Mass., .... 13

Hitchiugs & Co., New York, 3

Hoopes Bro. & Thomas, We.'^t Chester, Pa., . . . S, 12

Hubbard T. S., Fredoliia, N. Y., It)

Husted J. B., Nassau, N. Y., 10

He.xamer F. M., New Castle, Westchester (;o., N. Y.. . 7

Hovey & Co., Boston, Mass., 9

Jackson Thos., Portland, Me. 14

Jenkins J. Winona, Ohio, Cover

Kelsev Fred. W., Rochester, New Y'ork, . . . Fly-leat
Landreth David & Sons, Philadelphia, . . . 6, Fly-leaf

l,erov8 Andre, Angers, France, 15

Linsiey, R., West Meriden, Conn 23

Lonsoaie Edwin. Germanlowu, Phila,, . . . . 9

Loomis II., San Francisco, . . . ' . . • 9

Lord's Horticultural Works, Irvington-on-the Hudson, . 7

Lynex R., Philadelphia, 14

Marot Chas. H, Philadelphia, Pa., 10,11,12,14,15,16,18,

19,20, 21, 23, 24, Fly-leaf
Maxwell J. C. & Bros., Geneva. N. Y., . ., . . 14, 1«
Meehan Thomas, Germantown Nurseries, Phila., . cover

Merrell & Coleman, Geneva, New Y'ork, . . . . 1«

Michel Henry & Co., St. Louis, Mo., 18

Miller & Hayes, Mt. Airy Nurseries, Phila.. . . IT

Mahlon Moon & Son, MorrisviHe, Pa., .... 9

Merrill Warren J., Cambridgeport, Mass., . ... 9

Millard A. C, Chicago, 111., H

McHannon J., West Baltimore, Montgomery Co., G., . 9

Nielson H., St. Joseph Mu., K'

Nimmo Alex., Brooklyn, N. Y., 18

Nurserv Cards, 1-i

Parsons R. B. & Co., Flushing, N. Y., .... 24
Parsons & Sons Co., Flushing, N. Y., . . . Cover

Farrv William, Cinnamiuson, N.J. 6

Penfield Charles R., Lockpnrt. New York, ... IT

Peters, Randolph, Wilmington, Del., .... 12

Price & Knickerbocker, Albany, N. v., . . . . U

Pnetz ife Henrv, Jacksonville, Fla., 8

Randall Chas.A., New York, . . ... . . 10

Reed Geo. I. & Co., Nassua, N. Y., 11

Roberts Josiah A., Malvern, Pa., 15

RoeE. P., Cornwall-on-Hudson, N. Y 24

Rolker August & Sons, New York, ... 4, 5, Fly-leaf

SaulJohn, Washington, D. C, 14,17

Schueren C. Theo., Cleveland, O., 11

Si' nations Wanted, 23

Sked Paddock & Co., Cleveland, Ohio, .... 13

Smith & Butler, Newport, R. I., 6

Smith & Lynch. Boston, Mass., Cover

Southuru Enterprise, Atlantic, Ga., .... 10

Storrs Harrison & Co., Palne&ville, Lake Co., Ohio, . 16

Strnltfon <fe Storm, New York, 12

Sutherland William. Philadelphia, Pu., .... 15

Siddnll Hob.'rt F., Philadelphia, 6, t»

The Indepenilent, New York, (i

Trowbridge F.. Milford, Conn., 7

Wood L C. A Bro., Fishkill. N. Y., 13

Walernnin G. R., Andover. Mans I4

Woolbon & Co., Passaic, N. J., U

For SitiiatioiiH AVniilcd, M-t- pnf;)' 'iS.

H. E. Parsons S* Co.

Offer to buyers of the best Trees and Shrubs a very well
grown stock'at low rates. Among them are Rhododendrons ol
the quite hardy sorts, and in quality and price preferable to
imported plants. Also Hardy and Chinese Azalms, .lupan and
Chinese Magnolias, Hardy and Greenliouse Roses, grown In
oi)en ground, and at low rates. We invite the attention of

NURSERYMEN AND DEALERS

To our general stock, both DecidiiouH and Ever|;r«*eii,

which is very large and complete. The raier Everyr«-fi»(»,
as well as the old standard sorts, we grow in large ()uaritity.
Ploweriiif; SIiru1>H we offer at low rates. Our Piirple
Kcecli, gralted from really i)urple-leaved trees, are very line.

Our Nursery and Greenhouses being on ground once occu-
pied by the old house of I'arsons & Co., visitors will find if
quite accessil)le from either the Bridge or Main St. Railroad
Stations. For Catalogues, address,

R. B. PARSONS 61, CO.,

Box 99 liovnc Ave., Flushing, N, Y.

fc4

1st PREMIUM

>»

STUAWBEHHY

and all other Small Fruits, for sale by K. P. ROK, Author of
'•Culture of Small Fruits— How to Grow nnd Market them."
Also proprieter of the celebrated new seedling Raspberrv
"PRIDK of the HUDSON" (.see Oct., '77, No. of Am.
Agritmtturint). All the leading kinds in large quantities.
Pure, ftrst-class plants and choice ne-w kinds a specialty.
It will pay those wishing to re-stock their grounds with plants
they can rely upon, to ^end for circular. Descriptive catalogue
and price lis't free to all. Address

CoritATall-on-Hiidsoii,
Orauge Co., N. Y.

feb. t£.

E. P.ROE,

TO FLORISTS.

For Sale, a Floial establishment in Western New York, close
to railroad ; or, half interest in same. Two glass houses and
sliedp. one J^Oxll, and one 75x11, with stock and pots. Are iu
good running order. Heated by brick flues. }-^ acres good
land, dwelling, and good running stream of water, and good
well. All in good shape. Apply in first instance to "J. P.,"
care of

CHARLES H. MAROT,

apll 814 Chestnut street, Philadelpliia.

To I'IjOH.ISTJS.

WANTED — A Situation as Foreman and Propagator; has a
thorough knowledge of the business in all cTepartments,
including Propagation of Plants, Production of Cut Flowers;
large practice in the London nurseries; several years iu a
leading commercial nursery at New York ; understands getting
up Plants for Commercial Shipping: aiid Local Trade ; active
and industrious; anxious for position in a firm doing a good
trade; married man; small family. Address, A. B., Box 54,
Astoria P. O., Long Island City, N. Y. mch2

AMERICAN FLOWER GARDEN DIRECTORY.

By Il(jbcrt lUiist.
With practical directions for the Culture of Plants in Flower-
Garden, Hot-House, Green-House, Rooms, or Parlor Windows,
for every month of the year. Instructions for erecting Hot-
house, Greer house, and laying out a Flower garden. Instruc-
tion for cultivating, propagating, pruning and training the
Grapj vine and description of best sorts for the open air. 342
pages, 12mo, cloth. PriceSl 50. Sent by mail post paid on receipt
of price. CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St. Phila.

Medal and Diploma awarded by the U. S. Cen-
tennialCommission, 1876, to

SMITH It LYM€H,

Matt u fa ctii revs of Patent linprored

Portabls Isllular Fire Boz Return Flus Boiler.

PATENT PORTABLE CELLULAR FIRE BOX .

BASE BURNER BOILER

GreenhoUsis, Graperies, Conservatories, Propagating Houses, Forcing Pits, Pablir

and Private Bailditigs, Schools, Drying Rooms and

Heating Water for PatJts.

ALSO KEEP CONSTANTLY ON HAND

Expmsiou Tanks, Evaporating Pans, Stop Valves, Cast-Iron Pipe, Elbows, Tees, Branches, Pipe Chairs
and everything necessary, of the best material, for Greenhouse Heating.

Smith & Lynch's Improved Ventilating Apparatus, for opening and closing Ventilating Sash, on roof
or sides of Greenhouses and Graperies.

Judges' Report on awards, with descriptive illustrated circular containing testimonials and reference.
Also price list furnished on application to

SMITH & LYNCH,

86 BEATEI^L-y STKyEET,

A HAUDY, NEW Al^D DELICIOUS FUTJIT

THE JAPANESE PERSIMMON, OR KAKI.

iiraficd I'laiitr, in tlve vurit'tieH, 1 vcnr old, $1.00 cnch, by mall <>r t'xpr(«<n; '2 yeur old, $•> (Mi i-ncli l>y t-xprosf*. Al»o ii vrry larp^
niid inoM complete MPHortnu'ut of allkiiidHof Ilarili/ ami Half' llnril//

FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL

SpiKiiiltl«?P made'of KIIODODENDHONS, PITRPLK HEKOH.

IIAHUY AZALKA8, CllINKSE AZALEAS. CAMELLIAS. MAGNOLIAS,

IfOSES, NEW AND HAKE I'LANTS.

I'l'in- JJst I'^ree. Ih'scrijttive <'afof(n/ue 10 cents.

PARSONS &, SONS CO., Limited.

J\.isscna ynrsvi'ies, I'lusfiiiif/, JV. I''.

FINE S>ECMVIEN^>rERGREEN^

And Other Ornamental Trees.

In niany oases people do not want to wait years for small trees to grow, and yet people who
buy ordinary trees know the risk they run, not only of having trees to grow rapidly, but of getting
large trees? even to live.

A specially of our business is to have some of our trees and shrubs

FREQUENTLY REMOVED,

so that there is comparatiye safety in transplanting even when many feet high. A great jissort-
raent of this class is oflered at

THE G^RMANTOWN NUliSBltlBS, rHILADBLPHIA,

feb-:3 THO^viC.A.S Is^E]EH-A-3Sr, Proprietor.

Grape and Seedling Nursery,

WINONA, COLUMBIANA COUNTY, OHIO.

••••

YOUNG STOCK FOR NURSERYMEN AND PLANTERS.

AMERICAfi CHESTNUT, American Linden, Tulip Poplar, Senrlet Maple, 1 to 2 ft., $3.00 per 100; $20.00 pei 1000.
PYRUS J A PON ICA-, ^'I'lyi^'udthus Floridus Magnolia ac, Cornus Florida, (Uo-wood,)! to 2 feet, $5.00 per lOO; $40.00

sue A R M APL E, Iron-wood and White Ash, 1 to 2 ft., $1.00 per 100; $0.00 per 1000.
•' •• aiid American Beech Seedlings, 4 to 8 in , $i .00 per 1000.

• " '• " " 6 to 12 in.. $2..')0 tx-r 1000.

CONCO'CU) CRAPE. Vines for transplanting, *10 OO per lOOO. IVES' SEE DLIN C.for transplantin;.',$l.'5 per 1000.
" Medium, No. 1, $15.00 per 10(10. " " Medium, No 1, $iO per 1000.

•'. " Extra, No. 1, $20 per 1000. " " Very Extra, No. 1, $35 per lUOO.

" " " " 2 yearR, $25.00 per 1000.

E V E R C R/E ENS. Norway, White and Scotch Pines, twice tp., 10 to 20 in., $3.00 per 100; $20.00 per 1000.
NORWAY SPRUCE, Ji'i'sim and American Silver Fir, 10 to 20 in., twice tp., $5.00 per iOO; $40.00 per 1000.
American arbor VIT>E and weeping Spmce, 5 to 9 in., once tp., $7.00 per lOOO.

" " 2 ft., twice tp., nursery, $.5.00 per 100; $40.00 per 1000.

IRISH JUNIPER and Sib. Arbor Vitae, tp., 4 to 8 in., $5.00 ner 100 ; $40.00 per 1000. Arbor Vita>, Golden Compacts and

t.i.il.(i,-T. >> (iH i„ r KUI; $7.5.00 per 1000.
APPLE SEEDLINGS, choice No. 2, large enonirh to graft, $2.00 perl OOO. For transplanting and budding, 10,000 for $!>.
THE SUGAR MAPLE, admired for its beauty and gorireous autumn colorn, we make a specialty of furnishing
in (juaniity. Ilii- tree;, should lie cut back near the ground on removal, when they throw up a new. vigorous shoot, like
the Peach. Our largest customers havens cut them back at the nursery, r«ducing the expense of freight*, handling and
packing.
Sugar Maple, 2 to 4 ft., cnt back, $8.00 per 1000.
" " 4 to 6 ft., " $1.5.00 per 1000.

" " fi to s fr.. " $2.5 (10 per 1000.
MAZZARD CHERRY .^^EEO, Fre^h, new, frozen in sand. $6.00 per bu.

THE ART OF PROPAGATION, l>y J- Jenkins; a Hand Book for Nurserymen, Floriofs, Gardeners and Farmers,
amply illustratea, post-paid for &U cts.; or sent free with first order of $10.00, or upwards. Addr(;i's

feb.3 ■WTIlSTODSrA., C03L.XJ3VEBIA-lSr.A. GO.^ OKCIO-

The Gardener's Monthly

AND HORTICULTURIST.

EDITED BY THOMAS MEEHAN,

Assisted by uu abli- lorpB ol AMKHICAN uml I'OUlCKiN COUUKSI'ONDKNTS.

It is published on the first of every ii;ionth, at the office, lHo. 814 CHESTNUT STREET,
PHILADELPHIA, whoro all Bitsiness communications should be addressed.

Communications for the Editor should be addressed : TiioM.vs Mkkhax, GERMANTOWN,Philada.

SUBSCRIPTION PRICE, Postage paid, $2.10.

TERMS OF ADVERTISING.

i col.

96 00
5 40
4 .'iO
4 OO
3 60

Twelve Hues nonpariel Is 3e col. A less space than ia col. will be furnishe:! at rates in exact proportion, tine for line.
For THIRD and LAST COVER PAGES ; FIRST PAGE advertisement /a<;m7 reading matter; "FLY-LEAF PAGE" (front
of number) before reading matter and /(K-N/ijr rtrst cover — special figures will be given on application.

COPY and orders for NEW advertisements should be on hand by the 2'/d of each month ; and CHANGES of COPY in
running contracts by the 16th of each month, to iiimire them iu the following issue. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT, Publisher, 814 Chestnut St., Philadelphia.

^ col.

^col.

One Time,

$3 00

94 00

Two to Tliree Times, eacli,

a 70

3 60

Four to Six Times, "

a 'zrr

3 00

Seven to Xliie Times, "

a 00

a 70

Ten to Twelve " "

1 80

a 4o

^ col.

i col.

1 col.

1 page.

98 00

9ia 00

9a4 00

9«8 00

7 ao

10 80

ai 00

43 ao

6 00

0 OO

18 00

36 00

5 35

8 0I»

10 no

3a OO

4 80

7 ao

14 40

a8 80

CONTENTS ©F THE MAY NUMBER.

CORRESPONDENCE :

Dutch Bulbs in the South ../ 129 ■

The Slippery Elm 129

Comparative Rose List, .T 130 \

Pinus Glabra ':f 130

Carpet Bedding 130-131 j

Vines 131-132

The Amaryllis 132-133

Among the Orchids 134-135

Ralph and Fanny Geraniums 135-136

Killing Mealy Bug 136

Brassia, Miltonia and Odontoglossum 136 139

Geranium "New Life" ,. ... 139

Pears in Grass 140-141

Dwarf Juneberry 141

Blight in the Pear Tree 141-142

Outside Grape Border 142-14-3

Quality and Culture of Pears 143-144

Notes on New Fruits 144

On the use of Sulphur ^144-145

Catalpa Wood 146-147

Relation of Soil-Texture to Timber Growth 14T

The Eucalyptus in Virginia 147-148

Northern Range of the Willow Oak 148

The English Ivy— Wild 150

Concerning two Species of Apple 150-152

Post Office Laws I.M

The Weeping Willow in New England 154-156

EDITORIAL NOTES :

Horticnltnre in Japan — Laminm Purpureum —
Lilium Krameri — Forest Grove Cemetery — The

English Daisy 133-1.34

Luculia Gratissima— Oakland Cemetery 139

Mahaleb Stocks — Crescent Seedling Strawberry—
The Phylloxera— The Champagne Apple— Neglected

Orchards— Drying Fruits and Vegetables 145-146

Value of Fast Growing Timber— The Massachusetts

Premiums for Tree Planting — Tea Culture in the
South— The Catalpa Tree— Dogwood Timber-
Sycamore Timber— Big Trees in Australia— Notes
on Tree Planting— Bi mam Woods— Oak Staves —
Coffee in California— Trees in North Carolina— The

Mammoth Trees of California 146-149

An Aboretum a*^ Nashville — The Vegetative and Re-
productive Forces — Hills of Pennsylvania— March

Weather at Sarah)ga 152

European Notes, by the Editor (No. 9)— I hat Fraud-
ulent Agent— Baltimore Park Commission— Horti-
culture at the Paris Exposition — Massachusetts
Horticultural Society— Double Amaryllis— North
American Botany— Canadian Horticulturist — Cul-
tural Catalogue of the Grcenbrook and Paterson
Nurseries— Williard Cutting Flagg— Science in the
Department of Agriculture — American Pomological
Society 156-160

NEW OR RARE PLANTS:

a he Thick Leaved Elm 134

FORESTRY 146-148

NATURAL HISTORY AND SCIENCE 150-1.52

LITERATURE, TRAVELS AND PERSONAL NOTES. 154-1.56
SCRAPS AND QUERIES:

The Bartram Oak 134

Watering Small Plants— Culture of Medinella Mag-
niflca— Beautiful Cyclamens— Seedling Verbenas —

Variegated Coboea Scandeus 189-140

, Japan Persimmons 146

Value of Cherry Timber— Black or Yellow Locust.. 149

The English Sparrow — A Christmas Flower — Botan-
ic.".! Names of the Sweet Potato — Imatopbyllum —
Insectivorous Plants 152-154

Extract From Our Whoiesals Price List

OP

FLOWER BASKETS.

m QUALITY or m hake mm that or anv otbek in m mkei,
WHEAT. OATS AND GRASS TRIMMED.-Our Make,

ii. I,/;, ) 6 7 8 9>i 11 12 13 14 in. diam.
\\\l|||l'/// ,/. Oval Handle, No. m.y

'\\\ Wljf\' '7/y ■■' / ' ^"'^' '^'^' ^'^' "°^' '^"^ ^^'^ *^*''° *^'"" ^^^"

xv^xwlH !/'! •iii/r/'^ ) 5 6 7 in. diameter.

^V^«Vli// l/a^''-^ Round Handle, No. l.^t.V

-. .>«.m.Mii.;, t\iai^^ ^ j 5Qp_ gg^,_ gy^,^ g^^j^^

) 7 8 9 10 in. long.

Long, boat-stiaped, with handle, No. 103, >

j 25c. 38c. 50c. 66c.

?4}3J'AyiHj^j(^^k Square Stand, with handles crossing. No. 108, @ 76c, $1.00 and 1.50 each.

Sheaf Baskets, No. 129, @, $1.00, 1.25, 1.60 and 1.75 each.
Funeral Sheaves, No. 113, @ $1.00 and 1.25 each.
Cradle Baskets, No. 12', @ 76c., $1.00, 1.25. l.to and 1.75 each.
k'i^K^-^sssfcJWKRg^^^.^ay #,-i!KSt^ Small Crib, No. 153, @. 35c. each. Large Crib Basket, very elegant. No. 143

11" ■ yF^j/TWftri^^i If |V'^\- \ Temple Stands, @, $1.00, 1.60, 2 00, 2.75 and 3.00 each.

Antl Many Other Beavtifuf Desif/ns.

WHITE AND QILT-Best Make.

) T s;^ 10 11 13 inches in diameter.

Round Dishes, No. 1, ..-.---->- each.

j 40c. 50c. 60c. TOc. 85c. each.

18 10 12 14 16 inches long.

Oral Dishes, No. 2, -... ...-W

I 40c. 55r. 70c. 90c. $1.10 each,

) 6^ T}i 9 11 inches". Gipsy style.

Oval Handle, No. 3, r

) 30c. 360.. 40c. 50c. each.

) 8 9 10 11 inches. Fancv style.

No. 4, >

) TOc. SOc. 90c $1.00 each,

1 1)4 9 1 1 inches. Low style, very good.

'* '• No. 6, .------- -V

) SOc. 63c. 76c. each.

.iml any other Style in this Line.

IMPORTED NATURAL WICKER.

1 5 7 8 9 10 11 inches in diameter

Round Dish, or Oral, Nob. 50.S and r<i4, - ->

) 75c. $1.00 1.20 1.40 1.76 2.00 per doz.

] 2>i 3 3>i 4 4Vj 5 5»<; 6 7 8 inches in diameter.

S-wlss Itloss or Violets, No. .^09, - - — —

) 3.5c. 4MC. 60c. 60c. 76c. 90c. $1.10 1.30 2,00 2..'50 jwr doz.

And all other leading styles iu great variety. We mail Illustrated Sheet and Price List, free to the trade, on application.

Intntortelles, white and colored, a $4.50 jter doz. Tin foil, at Hi vents per poimd.

Prime Stvffed Piyeontt, flyint/, a $2.50 each. Butterflies, 00c. per bojr of ten,.

Florists' Supplies in Full Variety -Seeds and Bulbs. Address,

AUGUST ROLKER ^ SONS,

44 Dey Street, New York.

fiP~ .See also additional stock on page 1 advertising co'umnp.^^^j

LONG BLOOD RED BEET SEED.

'V"3S< 'riii-^ lio'I i- .1- I'iili ill S:ic.|i;ii iiir MS fillii r ilir Siiojir (H- llir .Mmi'jcl.s. wiili the I'artlicr
^I^ ;i(lv;uitai:t' <»f uiouiiiL: nijiiiily lu-iic;i(li the .suil;i.-i', ;iii(l is oil tliiU iucmiil less cxpiiscd^Io
licat and ninblrd to I'lsistTlroiij^ht. Alsp the scvcial varifties ol" (h<' SusfiU' ui:(l Manni'ls of tin*
lii'.'li'St i|M:ilif> . ■ I B

Carrot and Parsnip Seeds. Now is the tiiue to e^w. '

9^ * «.*« V D. LA.NOE'HJTH .% SONS,

.\o.s. -il (111(1 'i.i Soiitli .Si.ff'i St,

uuh'-l Hclwccii Market ,in.l ( h.-stniil, JMiiliidflliliiii.

GREAT REDUCTION IN FRzCES

To thoHc wiBliin^r to piociiii' line Tiifcts, »H«uli^s hUn ri,A.> rs,
I Select the BKST S'l'dCK LTowu in reppoiit-ible iiui-t<cri<'R.- ■
(iUAKAN'l'EE its H KLIAHIMTY. iiiid. beinir in consfmit cor. i
rn5i|)oi)(lcnct' vvilh iiursi^rvmtni '\u -'yiiropc unil Anii'iicii. inv ■
larililii's tor ftirnifliing to Hdvuutago all ..vaiiiktiks or fine.

NIHSERY HTOCK ARE UNEyt'ALJfU, TblS llUP SjivOIl tMC Inllcll

of tile best hiiiiines.s iu tin; ciuiiitrypt Pakks. ('EMETEiirEs'
Anu Private Kstatem, the fnf'oJsFjing of which I iiiaki,- a':
r^pcrialty. Kefereuces of this character ii desired. Descrip-
tive' catalogue with colored plute, \4"c.; to cii*itoiiier(> without
(liaigc. All orders or inqnirii-t^-.by mail will receive care-l til
attention. Add res*," . KKEl). W. KEI.AEY,

• ■, Kochestev, X. Y

NURSERYMAN'S

DIRECTORY

of 1877-7H.
A reference boolc of tlie Nul'seryinen, Flori.stH, Seedsmei), Tree
Dealers, <fec., for the U-i»Ued States. Alphabetically arra.ig' d by
States End Post Ofiices. 310 pages, 8vo. Price $10.00. ^Mailed
post-paid, on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAllOT,

S14 Chotiiui St., Phila.

ALPINE FLOWERS FOR ENGLISH GARDENsT"

By W. Kobinson, F.L.S.
An explanation of the pri'iciples on which the KxcjiiL-ite
Flora of Alpine Countries mny be grown to pericctian in all
parts of the British Islands, with numerous Illu-tratious i.f
Rock Gardens, Natural and .Artificial. TO ilhustraiioMs. 4-JO
pages, crown 8vo, cloth. Price, $4.50. Mailed, posl;ige iree,
on receipt of price.

Address, CIIAS. H. MAKOT,

.S14 Clie.-tiHit St., Phila.

THE WILD GARDEN;

Or, Our Orovcs and Shri(hheri<:s Clinic liriiutif'itl hi/
the Xaturnlizdtion of Hnrdlij Exotic Plants.

By W. Robiiisou, F.L.S. "
With Frontispiece.
236 pagc.«, 12nio, cloth. Price, $2.25. Mailed, iwstage tree.
on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAUOT,

814 Chestnut M.. I'hihi.

The Gardener's Monthly

HORTICULTURIST for I87«.

KiibMcriherM arc re(ine,..te(l to send at least one ii.-w name witli tlieir own, if ].ns.sihle. For tins attru-
tion. wf will fnrnisli the two at .SH.L'O for the vear.

TWO NEW subscriptions at ^;i.'2() ; five at '^7.00.

li'i-siioiixihlr Af/entii wanteil— to whom a liberal eomrni.ssion will lie alhjwed. retainable ont of sub.scriptioiis
seenred and forwarded. We iln not hold ourselves resi.ousilde for the acts of Bofius A(ienitt.

Any Mi^bNfriber -who has already renewed his subscription and paid S2.10,' mav order a new sul^wcriber
at rate of ^5.20 the two. by remitting the additional "^1.10 to balance, and obli{;e, with tUanks for pa^t. favors
.-ind ett'orts.

All subscribers, at whatever rate, are invited to take advantage of our list of Club FaperM on another
]>a;ii;.

CHAS. H. MAROT, Publisher, 814 Chestnut St., Philadeiphia.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

PLANTS FOR FLORISTS' STOCK.

Named sets of some of the leading classes of plants, embracing most distinct and desiral)le sorts. Specially selected as the
"best fitted for florists' stock for propagation.

Abutilons, set of 10 distinct named kinds $2 00 • Geraniums, bronze, set of 10 distinct named kinds 1 00

A^eratunis, " 7 " '• " 75 i •' Ivy leaved, 12 " •' " i OO

Azaleas, '• 25 " " " 8 00 : llerbaceons plants, hardy, set of 25 distinct named

Carnations, monthly, set of 25 distinct named kinds ? 50 ' kinds 2 00

Clirysantlieinunis, Pompone, set of 25 distinct named | Heliotropes, set of 15 distinct named kinds .! 1 00

kinds 2 50 ' Iris, Japan. " 6 •• •- " 100

Clirysanthentunis, Ijarge, set of 25 distinct named Pentstemons, " 10 '• " '« "',\ \ oo

kinds 2 .50 , Phloxes, hardy Herbaceous.set of 25 distinct named kinds 2 00

Clirysantheinums, Japanese, set of 25 distinct named ' Pinks, Florists', hardy, ■' 25 ■' " *• 2 00

kinds 2 50 " summer flowering, " 6 •• " •• 50

Coleus, golden set of IS distinct named kinds 1 00 | Roses, monthly (4 inch), •' 25 ■• " " 3 oO

" velvet. " 15 " •' " 1 00 ! •' hardy Hybrid Perpetual (4 inch), 25 distinct named

Dalilas Pompone, 25 " " " 2.50 kinds 3 00

'• Large flo-»verecl, setof 25 distinct named kinds 2 50 Seduin (Stonecrop), set of 25 distinct named kinds 2 00

■FncUslas, set of 25 distinct named kinds 2 00 \ Verbenas, new, of 1S78, set of 30 distinct named kinds... 3 00

<Seranlnn»s, zonal, set of 25 distinct named kinds 2 50 •' general collection, 50 •• " " !!i 3 00

" double, '■ 25 " " '• 2 50 " best market sorts, 25 '• " " ... 1 bO

" scented, " 12 " " '■ 1 00 Violet Belle, de Chateenay, new double white per dozen 3 00

T7"egreta,Tole Plants for liviCarl^et C3-ard.erLers.

Aspargus, Colossal, 2 year old roots %\ per lOO or $7 per 100»

CABBAGE AND CAULIFLOWER PLANTS,
that have been wintered over in cold frames, and are ready to plant out at any time from February to end of April, of the fol-
lowing varieties :

Per 100 Per 1000. I Per 100. Per 1000.

Cabbage. Henderson's Early Summer.. ..fl 50 $10 00 | Cauliflower,Early Snowball, 75cts. perdoz. 4 00

Early Jersey Wakefield 1 00 7 .50 I Lettuce. Curled Simpson 1 00 6 00

Cauliflower. Early Dwarf Erfurt 2 00 15 00 | Boston Market 100 6 00

I»"HOT BED Plants of all the above sorts ready about May 1st, at Half the above rates.
Many of our customers each year are disappointed by ordering too late, after our cold frame plants are all gone. Orders will
be received at once for them, which will be reserved and shipped when desired.

"Rhubarb Roots. Linnseus and Victoria $2 00 per dozen 12 00 per 100

Egg Plants. Pot grown, New York improved. Ready in May 75 " 4 oO "

" " Black Pekin " " 75 ■• 4 oO "

Pepper" " Large Bell, or Bull Nose " " 75 " 4 oo "

ToiuAto plants ready May 1st, "New York Market," "Trophy," and "Canada Victor." Strong transplanted plants, $3 per 100
$2't per 100 ). Descriptive Catalogue of "Everything for the Garden" free.

PETER HENDERSON & CO., 35 Cortland St., New York.

AUGUST ROLKER $c SONS,

P. 0. Box 899. 44 Dey St., New York.

FLORISTS' SUPPLIES

Our W. Rolker being in Europe at present, all orders for import should be in our hands latest
by middle of this month. Orders arriving later we cannot promise to fill ; they will have to take

A FEW STANDARD ROSES,

Spring importation, are yet for sale. For varieties apply by letter. Price S9.00 per doz.

Bouquet Papers In all Sizes and Styles.

Wire Designs for Cut Flowers.

Toothpicks, Tinfoil, Bouquet Twine,

Tissue Paper, Mourning Bows, Pigeons

Butterflies, Cold Fish, Wheat, Immortelles, '

Cape Flowers, Dried Crasses, Moss, Plant Sticks,
Cuano, Whale Oil Soap, Crafting Wax,

Thermometers, Syringes, &c., &c., &c.

GREENHOUSE AND FLORISTES' REQUISITS CONSTANTLY ON HAND.

^nd for our Catalogue. For Baskets, see advertisement on title page.

THE HOKTJCLL'TURAL ADVERTISER.

rOE FLOHISTS t DEALEES OULY.

We are ROSE CROWERS-not Florists. OUR GREAT SPECIALTY
is GROWING and DISTRIBUTING ROSES. As we have now ready for
the Spring trade 40 LAIlGi: HO USES CliO \M)ED FULL OF ROSES,
it follows that we can offer purchasers the best possible inducements in
Prices, Quality of Plants and Choice of Varieties.

Hie /otr price a ltd excellent (put lit tj of our Roses ^
iogether tvith otir liheral and satisfactory way of doinfj
bttsiness, are fast coitrlnciny Florists evertjivhere that it
patjs better to htty Roses of us than to grotv them, par-
ticularly where house-room is scarce and glass needed
for other purposes.

SIZE AND QUALITY.-The Roses we offer are EXTRA STRONG,
VIGOROUS, WELL-ESTABLISHED PLANTS. Size, grown in 3 in. pots,
the best for Florists' use.

As our Roses are grown in ordinary fertile soil, without manure of
any kind, they have an abundance of well matured fibrous roots, re-
quire no petting, but are ready to make rapid growth as soon as shifted,
and are exactly what Florists and Market Gardeners want to buy for
Spring sales.

SELECTION OF VARIETIES.— We grow the most desirable sorts in
such large quantity that, except in special cases, we can usually give
Florists their choice of varieties without increase in price.

HOW PACKED.— The Plants are taken from the pots and the earth
carefully removed from the roots, which are then nicely puddled,
wrapped in damp moss and packed in tight boxes lined with paper. Iti
this way Flants are presevced in perfect ffrowhia eoHdition and travel
at lowest possible cost. Can ship with Balls on when desired.

By Express, the purchaser paying Express charges, $7 per hundred,
S60 per thousand. By Wlall, postage prepaid by us, $7.50 per hundred,
$64 per thousand.

No Charge for Boxes or Packing. Safe Carriage always guaranteed, whether sent by Express or
Mail. We recommend, however, that Wholesale Orders be seut by Express whenever convenient.

Terms : — Cash with the Order. Descriptive Li^ts free on application.

Address THE DINCEE & CONARD CO., ,

West Crrove, Chester Co,, Pa,

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTLSER.

[Ei=ST^^:BX_jI5=;X3:E!TD 1844.]

HITCHINGS & CO.,

No. 233 Mercer Street,

Between Bleecker and West 3d Streets,

NEW YORK.

Offer their very r<arge Stock of

5/\dc

(£

At prices lower than at any time
within the past thirty years.

^Patent Corrugated Fire Box Boilers,
Conical Boilers,

Saddle Boilers and
Base Burning Water Heaters;

Heating Pipes and Pipe Fittings

OF EVERY DESCRIPTION AND SIZE.

S ASH-LIFTIN Q APPARATUS

OF MOST APPROVED FORMS.

Send 6 cents postage for Catalogue, References
and List of Prices.

QsS QtQ

Cm

^.t^fnot Jir.

THE HORTICULTURAL .1 /yVERT/SER.

M. M. BAYERSDORFER ^ CO.,

56 North Fourth Street,

PHILADELPHIA, PA.

We tu-_r to rail tlu- »ttontion of the WHOLESALE and RETAIL TRADE in
FLORISTS' GOODS lo our well assorted stock for tliu Fall 8eas.»n:

BOQUET PAPER (Italiens,)

riain White Ediiof, Gold and Silver EdgeB, Pnsted Cartoons, White Satin for Bridal
Boqviets, Fancy Lace Papers for Wedinns, Receptions and Parties.

IMMORTELLES,

(Original l)unche8, selected by one of our firm.) White
and all colors.

DRIED GRASSES AND FLOWERS,

In great varieties and styles; very suitable lor ornamental purposes.
Brown varnished Willow Baskets, Wheat Straw and While Gilt Baskets.

ORNAMENTAL GRASS BOQUETS,
FRENCH GREEN MOSSES,

TIN FOIL, Best in Market,

WIRE DESIGNS for CUT FLOWERS.

Prize Medal of Cincinujiti Iii.lustrial Exposition of 187.3 ; Medal and Diploma of International

'RxBO»\\.\o\ioi Wn^^'For beJitdixjiluji of Boqiiet Paptrs." ^ ^c

Send ordeca early in Pall. Illustrated Catalogue furnished gratis on application. t.aug.tf

GREENHOUSES, GRAPERIES, Etc.

Their Construction a Specialty. Experience of 20 Years.

SHIPPED TO ALL PARTS OF THE COUNTRY. ^ send for catalogue. Address,

LORD'S HORTICULTURAL WORKS,

Irvington-on-Hudson, NewiYork.

June 12

THE HORTICUZTURAL ADVERTISER.

COLEUS,

I am prepaired to furnish the following six New Coleus at the low price of 20 cents each ; $2.00 per doz : Albion
Eldorado, Musaica, Multicolor, Pictus, and Spleudens.

To those who wish large quantities of plants I make f.ie following liberal offer : My selection— any one sending me $6 'K)
I will send by express 100 ornamental foliage and /lowering plants, including three of the above New Coleus.

For $11.00 I will send 200 ornamental foliage and flowering plants, including three new Coleus and three new Geraniums.

For $15.00 I will sf nd 300 plants, including six new Colens and six new Geraniums.

New Fuchsia, Vox Populi, Double White Corolla, Scarlet Sepals. Early and of excellent habit. Price 60 cents each:
$5 00 per dozen.

New Double Geranium Jeannie Reid. See description in the Feb. Gardener's Monthly. Price 60 cts. each ; $6.00 per doz.

The following are new, of last' year's importations and home | Carnations, $6 per 100.
production ; they are first class. Price, $4. per doz., $20 per 100. j Clirysanthemunis, $6 per 100.
Admiration, Annie Montel, Augusta, Villaume, Bishop Wood, Coleus, best varieties, $0 per 100,
Chameleon, Henry Beurer, Madame Revore, Madame Thibaut, I Centaurea Gymnocarpa, $6 per 100.
Victor Hugo, Noemie. Venus, Madeline, W. Fancourt; also a | Diauthns Alba Montiflora, new, $10 per 100.
large collection of the best bedding and market varieties at $8 | Dianthus C^uerteri, $e per 100.
Pi^r '00. I Euonymus Radicans variegata, $8 per 100.

Geranium, Happy Thought, $3 per doz., $20 per 100. Fuchsias, $6 per 100.

Double Ivy-Leaf Geranium, King Albert, $2 per doz., $10 Funkia, the White Day Lily, $3 per doz
per 100.

Double Sweet Alyssum, $6 per 100.

Double Petunias, $7 per 100.

Alternanthas, $6 per 100.

Argeratums, $6 per 100.

Caladiums, 12 named varieties, large bulbs, $3 per doz.

Heliotropes, $6 per 100.

Lantanas, $G per 100.

Plumbago Capensis, $6 per 100.

Stenotaphrum, Globerum variety, new, $2 per doz.

Verbenas, $6 per 100.

Violets, Maria Louisa, $6 per 100.

6 plants of one kind at dozen rates, 26 plants of one kind at 100 rates. My Catalog ue of If eiv Plants for Spring

of IS 78 now ready, and will be mailed free to all on application. Terms, cash with the order.

WM. K. HARRIS, Kingsessing Nurseries,

feb.i2. SSOl Darby Road, JPhiladelphia,

STRICTLY FIRST CLASS I

SMALL FRUIT PLANTS,

SKKDS, and SKE}D POTATOES. ' '

Catologue free. Address F. M. HEXAMER,

New Castle, Westchester Co., N.Y.

Landscape Gardeners,

SMITH & BUTLER,
Newport, Rhode Island.

Plans and estimates given for any part of the country.
novl2

Matthews' Garden Seed Drill

JMattheivs' Hand, Cultivator,
MattJietvs' Drill and Cultivator

combined, svrpass all others. Send
for circular before you buy. Manu-
factured only bv

EVERETT & SMALL,

Jioston, Itfass.
For sale by D. I.A1VDRETH & SONS,

mch 3 21 and 23 South .Sixth St., Philadelphia.

THE AMERICAN

steamship Company of Philadelphia. Philadelphia & Liverpool
Line. The only Trans-Atlantic line sailing under the Ameri-
ca«i Flag. Sailing every Thursday from Philadelphia, and
Wednesday from Liverpool.

The Red Star Line,

Carrying the Belgian and United States Mails. Sailing every
twelve days, alternately from Philadelphia and New York.
r»irect and only

TO ANTAVERP.

The American and Red Star Lines being under one manage-
ment. Excursion tickets are good to return by either, thus sav-
ing the expense and annoyance of re-crossing the Channel.

For rates of passatre and general information apply to
apltf I' EVER MRTdllT & SONS, I'hi'l, GenH Agts.

NEW PLANTS, CERANIUMS, &C.

New Double Geraniums, '77. Price $6 per doz.; 60c. each.
Bataclan, Casimir Perier, Charles Vogt. Dr. Cuigneau, Dr.
Jacoby, Ernest Lanth, Jean Dollfus, Lafayette, M. de Mercere,
Mad. Grangeoge, M. Waddington, Prest. Leon Simon.

New Double Geranium, Jenny Reed. Price $9 per doz.:
$1.00 each

New Double Geraniums, '76. Price $3 per doz.; 30c. each.
Adelade Blanches, Asteroid, AngusVe Villiaum, Eugene Bau-
doin, Edourard Lequin. Louis Boutard, Mad. Thibant, Metior
Flagg, Mdle. Marie Fillon, Noemie, The Ghost, Wilfred, Won-
derful, George Sand, Guillon Mangelli, Souvenir de (Jastile.

New Double Geranium, Bishop Wood. Price 60c. each.

New Single Geraniums, '77. Price $6 per doz.; 60c. each.
Alsace-Lorraine. Darwin, Ed. About, Erkmann-Chatrian,
Mdle. Edwig Bellot. Octavie, Pabellon, P. L. Courier.

New Single Geraniums, '76. Price $3 per doz.; 30c. each.
A. Henderson, Clemence Boutard, Dazzler, Jealousy, Rev.
Wm. Atkinson, Mrs. Kerrage.

New Geraniums, Fanny and Ralph. 25c. each, $1.76 per
doz., $12.60 per hundred. See description, page 76, Gardener's
Monthly, ef March.

New Double Ivy Leaf Geranium. Price 50c. each. La F'i-
ancee, Lucie Lemont. Renoncule.

Coleus. 24 leading varieties. $4. Pansies, finest strain in the
country, $2..60 per 100. Petunias, finest double, $6. Verbenas,
strong healthy plants, good leading varieties, named, $3. He-
liotrope, ten fine varieties, $6. Heliotrope, Mad. de Blonuy , $1.50
per doz.

No order shipped from this list for less amount than $6. Six
of a kind at dozen rates ; 25 at hundred rates. P'br smaller
amounts and greater varieties see our Des(rii)tive CatHlogue,
mailed on Mpjilication. CHICAGO FLORAL CO.,
apl3 Thirty-eighth St. and Grand Boulevard, Chicago. 111.

Roses, Roses, By Mail.

10 Beautiful Evcr-Blooniing Roses, postpaid to any address,
for $1.00, purchaser's selection. All the best varieties. The
best inducements offered to pnrcliasers of Greenhouse and
Bedding Plants in the V. S. lor Spring of 1878. All plants
warranted to reach the purchaser in good conditio'.i. Cata-
logues Free, and send for one before purchasing elsewhere.
Address W. H. BREIVIVEMAN,

feb 6 Harrisbui'g, Pa.

THE HOR TICUL TURA I. A in 7:R 7 7S/:r.

EVERGREENS.

The Largest and most complete Stock in the
U. S. at prices to suit the times.

Wo call particular attention to the following : —

JUNIPER Reevesil— »ine plants, 4-:> feet. Virginiana glauca, -l-'. anrl H-; ft. Beautiful

silvery foliage.

LIBOCEDRUS decurrens— one of the linest Kvergreens from California. L'-'i and :U4 ft.

SPS7UCE Morinda— '" foliage, has the character of the Deodar Cedar. Hahit graceful and ele-
gant. 1 ropagated from a particularly hardy specimen growing on our
grounds, ::-:! and :5— ') ft.

SILVER FIR, European— --'• ft. Nordmann's, --- ft.

PINES, MonSpelienSiS— -^^ vigorous as the Austrian, ii"d more pictures<iue, 4-.^ ft.
Jeffreys — -^ noble line from California, with deep bluish green leaves, J-.3ft.
Cembra— ^^^i'^*' stone l ine, silvery foliage, elegant conical habit, -1-^ and :i-4 ft.
For full descriptions of the Stock we offer, and prices, refer to Catalogues No. 2 Descriptive, and No. 4
Wliolesale, sent l)y mail, post-paid, on receipt of 25 cents.

ELLWANGEiR & BARRY,

MOUNT HOPE NURSERIES, Rochester, N. Y.

Tobacco Stems, Lar^e Specimeii Plants.

Kor Kuiiii^atlii^ purposes, for sale iu hales of about 40ii »

lbs., free on hoat or cars at $5 per bale, or three bahs or $12 Our New Catalogue is uow readv, coutaiiiiui,' a large col-
on one order. lection of

STRAITON & STORM,

178 tC- ISO Pearl Street,

New York City.

SUCCULENTS. FERNS, PALMS

AND

Specimen or Exposition Plants,

ALFRED BRIDGEMAN,

sre mtoA&wAY, NEW youk,
Grower, Importer and Dealer in

VEGETABLE, FIELD,

AND

FLOWER SEEDS.

Garden Tools and Horticultural Books.

My annual priced t'atalof,Mie,.< Mre now readv, and niaiU'd free
to all applicants. Tbey contniii all the leading^ and popular

sorts of Vegetable, Field and Flower Seeds,

including all the most desirable novelties of the past season.

fZf\f\f\ Agents Wanted to subscribe for the AgeniE'
%^\J\^\J .Tourual. A handsomely bound 24-page Jour-
nal orim full of interest to Agents. Every asjeut shouid see a
copy of it. Send Postal Card for Specimen C'opv. Agents'
Journal, Y. N. " janl2

Sent free to all applicants.

IIENIiY MICHEL & CO.,
KIT North Fiftli Street,
St. Louis, Mo.

MANUftL OF SMALL FRUIT CULTURE,

BV E. P. ROK,

("The chapter on i)icking and marlcetiug is eminently iiracti-
cal and sensible." — American Ajjririitturint.)

How to raise and marliet Strawberries, Kaspherries, Currants,
Gooseberries, Blackberries, &c. 82 pages. 8 vo., paper, price
.50 cents. Mailed post-paid on receipt of price. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT, 8U Chestnut St.. Phila.

PRESERVING, PICKLING AND CANNING FRl'IT.

By Mrs. M. E. Peterson.

Containiuar a choice collection of receipts of Preserving,
Pickling, and Canoing; Fruits, mwny of them being original from
housewives of e.vperience. 72 pages, 16mo, Cloth. Price 50
cents. Sent by mail, post-paid, on receipt of price.
Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Pbiia.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

OOXjE;TJSt.

Choice Varieties $5 00 per 100

Carnations Peerless, 4 50 "

" Pres. Degraw, 4 50 ••

Violets, NeaT)olitan, 4 00 "

Address S. J. GALLOWAY,

.Fend stamp f(yr Catalogue. Montgrmiery, Ham. Co., Ohio,

Uy Wholesale I Descriptive Citilopes

GREENHOUS[«ING PLANTS

Roses, Evergreens, Shrubs,

FLOWER AND VEGETABLE SEEDS, &c.,

Mailed to all Applicants.

WM. C. WILSON,

I Astoria, Lonf/ Island.

may-2 New York City Office-43 West 14th St.

GERANIUM^

For BEDDING and MARKET

BEST KINDS ONLY.

<.■ T:NT:RA L O RA XT (best Scarlet for massing),

CHRISTINE yiLSSON (heit Pink for massing),
VICTOR MILIOT, COL. HOLDEN,

MADELINE, MASTER CHRISTINE,
LINA BOrTARD, lUCIUS,
and many other kinds.
$6 per 100, 150 per 1000 ; 250 at thousand rate.

Edwin Lonsdale, Florist,

GERMANTOWN ^STATION "G"),

New Russian Apples.

I can supply 26 varieties of entirely new Russian Applfs,

The Only Apple Suitable for tlie Far NortL

A few 100 (three times transplanted) Hemlock Spruce, 3 to 4
feet high.

P. H. FOSTER,

tmayl Babylon Nurserj-, SiiflfolU, Co., A. V.

FASHIONABLE CARDS no two alike, with
name, 10c. 20 Scroll, with name, 10c.,po8t paid. Agent s
outfit 10 c. „ ^

novl2 GBIO. I. REED & CO., Nasssua, N. Y.

25

WALTER ELDER,

LANDSCAPE AND ./OBBINa GARDENER,

12ai Rodman Street, Philadelphia,
Attends t» all branches of his business on reasonable terms.

FEKIS, Mffl m EMIC,

A SPECIALITY.

OAUDENEB TO

J. WARREN MERRILL,

Hancock Street, Cambridgeport, Mass.,

offers for Sale or Exchange the Largest Stock and Variety of
Perns, both Amoric:.n and Foreign, to be found in the country.

Catalogue sent on application to any who desire to purchase.

Small plants can be sent safely by mail. aprS

8ep.9.

PHILADELPHIA, PA.

STOCKBRIDCE

MANURES

Originated by Pruf. Stockbridge, Prof, of Agricultvre in the
Mas--iac}iuHett.<i Aijricvltural College.
These Manures are compounded for each crop, fvrnishing I
the plant food which each particular crop requires. They have |
produced from 30 to SO hushi-ls Corn, 'iii to 40 bushels
Wheat, 3.5 to 50 hu.thels Oats, ISO to "iSO bushels Po- [
tntoes, 'i to a tons Hay jter acre, and other crops in pro- i
portion. They have been used for five vears with such success ^
that in 1877 they were apDlied on over 10.000 acies with excel-
lent results. Send for Pamplilet, Free.

Bowker's Hill and Drill Phosphate

Very tine, dry, and high grade. ALSO
Agricultural l-heniicals.

"^7^. 1^. BO-^XT-ICEI^ Sz Co.,

3 Parle Place IVe>v Vork.

mch3 43 Cliatliain Street Boston.

GRAPE CULTURALIST.

By Andrew S. Full or.

A treatis" (jii tli ■ f'uUivation of the Native Grape Illu.strattd.
2Si) pages, 12mi), d <tb. Price 81 .50. Sent by mail post-paid on
receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

.814 Chestnut St., Pbila.

OUR ILLUSTRATED

CATALOGUE

NEW AND RARE PLANTS!

Containing descriptions of all the novelties and new desirable
varieties will be forwarded to all applicants on the receipt of
a 3 cent stamp

HOVEY & CO.,

16 SOUTH MARKET STREET,
apr2 Boston, Mass.

St. Joseph Conservatories

ST. J'OSEI'H, I^O-

Greeuhouse, Bedding Plants, Hardy Herbaceous Plants,
Shrubs, Vines, Climbers. &c. Strong Plants, fine varieties.
Prices Low. Catalosue and Wholesale List sent free ot cnarge.

mch 3 H^^IE LSO N, Florist.

How to Raise Fruits.

BT THOMAS GREGG.

A Hand-book of Fruit Culture being a Guide to the proper
Cultivation and Management of Fruit Trees, and of Grapes and
Small Fruits. 1S4 pages, l'2mo, cloth, fully illustrated. Price
$1.00. Sent by mail posl-i.aid, on receipt of price.
i Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Cheenut Street, Philadelphia.

/■///: JIORTJCL L TL KAL .l/U /■/>' T/srR.

New Many -Colored Coleus,

(COLEUS MULTICOLOR.

Strong Plants. l>y mail. - ;;(i ccms cacli.

*' " cxpri'ss. - ■i^?,A\[) per doz.

ROBERT VEITCH & SON,

Catalofftiea, Free.

Iliivcii, Conn.

mavl

Greenhouses for Sale,

With 8 acri-e of land, dwelliug bouse and stable, three-quarters
of a mile from Turtle Crei'k .'^intioii. i:? miles from Pittshuruh,
coDPisiiiif: of 1 house 2iio ft. hy a2 ft. ; 1 house 220 ft. by IH ft. ;
1 house 30 ft. by 10 ft., all connected and heated hy water ;
intended for j^trowini: cut-flowers. Possession friven about July
1st. Also Honp Station Greenhouses, 4 miles from Pitt'l)urj;h. '
consisting of 4 houses, each lOO ft. by 11 ft. ; .^ houses, each Bit '
ft. by 11 ft., all connected and heated hy steam. Specially
ada|)ted for growing' plants for Sprinc; trade. Located in
richest rural neiszhhorhood of Pittsburgh. I'ossession given
about Iftth of ihfly. All above nearly new and in first class
order, and on line Pennsylvania R. R." 1

For further information apply to

RODMAN WISTER,

mays 117 Fifth Avenue, Pittsbxirgh, Pa.

Ch. HulDer S. Co.

SEED GROWERS Hi MERCHANTS,

H ye res, iVar\ France,

Will, «n receipt of price, direct or through the care of their
agent,

MR. C. RAOUX,

P. O. Box 2950, New York,

Mai) to applicants, po.stage prepaid:

-A. cm. e: e: isr H o xj s aE3

I'ropiriy lor SnN . Oim' Aiiioi l.iihd iiiid .\i\v l)«il|liit.' Imilt
lii^l l"iili. two-story, triiiMi'. with good (•.lliir iiiid good widl and
cistirii, in the center of the town of 'I'ouaiida, with a popula-
tion ot ,'i. (1(10. and on three lallroiKls. Valiialde (ireenbouHe
t(i ft by 20 ft., with good boiler and pipes, all in good runnlnir
order. .\ good trade of tive years' hfimding. The uli"';- prop-
erty will he sold together, or the (;rei-iilioiisi- and part of the
Kit separately to suit ptircliasers. For further particulars ad-
dress or (all upon the proprietor. JTAS. J. KAVANAGH,
Towuiiflu, Krii(ir<>r(l Co., Pa. mayl

MY mmwi m mmv mmm

OK

GREENHOUSE, BEDDING

PLANTS, BULBS, FRUIT TREES,

SHRUBS, SEEDS, etc..

Mailed to all ai)pliC!iMls.

W. C. VV^ILSOX, FlorlHt, Astoria, I.. I.

Vitii Office, 45 West ^4tJl St . AVir York.

Jv=^lVIES TPIXJITT,

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL NURSERYMAN.

Removed from Q,iii»cy, Ky., to

^__^_^ Chnmiite, Neoslio Co., KansaH.

Biilbs Wanted. — A nurseryman wants the address of per-
sons who can supply him with Gladiolus and other bulbs at low
rates for cash next Fall. Address W. A. STKVENS, 505 Broad
St., Richmond, Va. mayl

J. B. HICKMAM,
San ,Tuan, San Benito Co., Cal., collector of Bnlbs and Seeds of
California Wild Flowers. tmay6

HEMLOCK, SPRUCE
AM. ARBORVIT/E,

All sizes for Iledging, or Single Specimens at V'erv Low Prices.

JOSIAH A. ROBERTS,

Malvei'tif Pa.

tab*

1,000 Seec

Is Aralia Sieboldti for

. SI 00

1,000 "

Latania Bcrbonica for

4 20

100

Dasylirion glaucura for

60

100

" gracile for .

60

500

Chamarops cxcelsa for

1 00

12

Musa Ensete for .

1 20

Said Seeds being Fresh, of New Crop, and Excellent Quality.

By Penn. R. R.

Ribbon Beds.

The following plants have been grown expressly for thfs
purpose, and are offered at low rates in quantity :
Alternanthera amcena spectabilis, the finest and

brightest .....
Glaucium corniculatum,
Pyrethrum aurenm, golden feather,
Pyrethrum aureum laciniatum, a new golden
feather with finely laciniated golden-yellow
foliage; a first-class novelty, per doz. $1 50,
Coleus Pictu<i, . .

" multicolor, .
" general collections, per 100,
Centaurea candidissima, per 100,

" gyinnocarpa, "

Geraniums, the l)est varieties for bedding, per 100, 8 00 and 10 OO
Vinca, Rosea, Alba and Albapura, . " 8 00 and 10 00

Special prices for large plantings given on application.

per 100 $6 OO
" 5 00
" 5 00

per 100 10 00-
10 OO

1 50

2 60,

$6 00, 8 00, and 10 00
12 00
10 00

mayl

HEURY A. DREER,

714 Cliestnut St,, Philadelphia.

lri.111 TOU and them fur Illnstrnl, d True Li-t cf Crates «i,d Baskets.
Our iinprnved Crnte is tlie best ventilated, ncitest, iiihlcst nrd
fironsrest ever made, wliile our BfifliPts are neat, Hr nc. .-ind of t!ie
b««t vcnlllated. Prices low. DISBROW MFG Co., Rocbejter.N.Y.

GUIDE TO THE STUDY OF INSECTS.

By A. S. Packakd, Jr., M.D.

Also a Treatise on those Injurious and Beneficial to

oi'S. For the use of Colleges, Farms, Schools and Agriculturists.

Illustrated with II plates, and 650 wood-cuts. 702 pages, 8vo,

cloth. Price, 5600. Sent by by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestput Street, Philadelphia.,

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

SOUTHERN ENTERPRISE

For tlie Developmtnit of onr Materiid Kesoiirse:?, devoted to
Iramigration, iSoutluln Progress, Nalional Prossperity. Happy
Kiiral Life through Practical Horticulture, Elevated Agricul-
ture (the former being the cradle of the latter). Diversified
lBdn?tries, etc., is

PUBLISHED AT ATLANTA, GA., FOR $1 PER ANNUM.

S. T. Jenkins, Editor and Proprietor ; J. S. Newman, Asso-
ciate Editor. Receive — impart ; know— be known. Everything
shall be sacrificed to reliability. feb 12

CHOICE BEDDING PLAKTS and FI.OWERS of all

kinds. We grow the finest and best vaiieties, and sell them at
the very lowest prices. Catalogues sent free to any address.
H. W. HALES, Ridgewood Floral Nursery, Ridgewood, N.J.

PRACTICAL HINTS

On the selection and use of the

MICROSCOPE,

Intended tor beginners, by John PhiN.
Editor of the Am. Journal of Microscopy. Enlarged edition.
Profusely illustrated; 181 pp., 12mo., cloth; price, 75 cts.
Mailed post-paid on receipt of price. Address,
CHAS. H. MAROT. 8U Chei-tnut St.. Phila.

SECOND HAND BOOKS.

By Mail on Receipt of Price.

Speak Quickly if You Want Them.

B^B^Say in your order "Second-hand List."_gjj

Thomas J. J., I'arm Implements
" " American Fruit Culturist .

Planters' Guide . . * .

Donaldson's Manures, Grass and farming ,

Downing's Rural Essays

" Fruits and Fruit Trees of America, 1 copy at

" " " " 1 copy at

" " " " 1 copy at

" Landscape Gardening and Rural Architecture,

" Cottage Residences - - -

Christy's Chemistry of Agriculture

Anderson's Agricultural Chemistry

Leibeg's Familiar Letters on Chemistry

Beet Culture and Beet Sugar, by Childs .

French's Farm Drainage

Chorlton's Grape Growers' Guide, 1 copy at

Reemelin's Vine-dresser's Manual,
Wood's Class-book of Botany

" " " for Schools,

•' Object Lessons in Botany
Farmers' Encyclop;edia . .

Marazathy's Grape Culture and Wine Making

Mead's " " "

Munn's Practical Land Drainer .

Buist's Family Kitchen Gardener

Todd's How to Make Farming Pay

Liebeg's Farmers' Chemistry, 1394 pages, 8 vo.

Johnson's Agricultural Chemistry

Woodward's Rural Art

Saunder's Domestic Poultry

Ten Acres Enough . . . .

Downing's Cottage Residences (8vo.)

McMahon's American Gardener

Mc ntosh's Orchard, with colored plates, .
" Greenhouse with colored plates.

What I Know of Farming (Greeley)

Field's Pear Culture ....

Quinby's Bee Keeping ....

Breck's Book of Flowers

Boyd's Philadelphia Business Directory (1877-78) .

Copeland's Country Life

Tobacco and its Culture, Billings,

Langstroth on the Honey Bee

Floral Decorations for Dwelling Honses. .

Loudon's Encyclopa-dia of Agriculture, )4 Tky.
" " Gardening, "

" " Cottage Architecture, y, Tky.

Horticulturist, yi Tky., (good as new) 3 vole., 1855, 1S56,
and 1857, $2.60 each

Loudon's Gardeners' Magazine, 9 vols., octavo, illns.

Hovey's Magazine. 17 vols, octavo "

Henderson's Gardening for Pleasure

$1 00

1 25

1 60

2 00

1 50

3 00

6 00

1 25

3 00

2 00

75

1 00

1 00

75

1 00

60

76

75

2 50

1 00

1 45

3 00

2 00

4 OO

3 00

50

75

2 00

3 50

2 00

75

75

1 00

1 80

1 25

3 00

3 00

1 00

1 00

1 25

1 00

75

2 50

2 25

1 25

1 25

7 60

7 50

,7 50

7 60

10 00

10 00

1 25

TELEGRAPH ENGINEER,

Office & Salesroom 180 B'way,N. Y. City. P. 0. Bos 426i.

^lanufacturer of and dealer in Telegraph Apparatus, and sup-
plies of all kinds. Telegraph Lines Built and Equipped with
Telephones, Dials or other apparatus. Sole manufacturer of
the "Banker's and Broker's Check Protector," an absolute pro-
tection against fraudulent raising of properly written checks,
&c. Recommended and in use by the Publisher of this Jour-
nal, and by Banks, Bankers, and Business Men generally. tm6

Plants Genuine ! Packed Free!!

Brandywine (S"squeco) Raspberries and Wilson's Early Black-
berries from stock that produced the Centennial prize berries ;
$1..50 per 100, $12 per 1000; Kittatiny and Lawton $8 per 1000;
Strawberries, Great American, $1 per 10, $5 per 100, $40 per 1000;
Duchesse, Prouty, $10 per 1000; Capt. Jack, Cumberland, Tri-
umph, Jucunda, Sterling, $5; Boyden, No. 30, Triomphe de
Gand, Duncan. $4 ; Col. Cheeny, Agriculturist, Champion, $3 ;
Albany, Monarch of West, Star of West, Chas. Downing, Ken-
tucky, Green Prolific, $2. Order now of

JOHN S. COLLINS.

novtf Hlooi'e.stoivn, N, >7.

1^^ f\^\^\ Agents Wanted to sell our newly Patented
^^a\/\^\^ Novelties, Chromos, Jewelry, Watches. Re-
volvers, Engravings, Books, &c. Stationery Packages $10 per
hund. Special terms given to Agents everywhere. The best
prices ever offered. Mammoth Catalogue with Samples free.
janl2 R. L. FLETCHER, 11 Dey St., N. Y.

ASPARAGUS CULTURE;

Tlie Sest Utethods Employed in England and France^

By James Barnes and Wm. Robinson, F.L.S. '
Illustrated, 23 pages, 12mo, paper. Price, 20 cents. Mailed,
postage free, on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phlla.

Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT, S14 Chestnut St., Phila.

OF

PRACTICAL LANDSCAPE

GARDENING.

BY P. R. ELLIOTT

Designed for City and Suburban Residences, and Conntry
School-Houses ; contaiiiingdesigns for lots and grounds, from a
lot 30 by 100, to a forty-acre'plot. Each plan is drawn to scale,
with schedule to each, showing where each tree, shrub, &c.,
should be planted ; condensed instructions for forming and car-
ing for lawns; building of roads; turfing, protection, pruning
and care of trees ; making cuttings, evergreens, hedges, screens,
&c. Condensed descriptions of all the leading trees and shrubs ;
soil and position in which they ehouJd be grown. Illustrations of
ground plans, elevations, trees, shrubs, winter gardening, &c>
96 pp., 8 vo. cloth. Price $1.60. Sent by mail on receipt o£
price. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Philadelphia.

The Gardener's Monthly.

THE FOLLOWIN(J

BACK NUMBERS

WANTED, IN

o-oo^ co:^TX)imo3sr. /

April, ISfiO. licccmher, 1S70, Eehruanj, tS7S.

Auqust, IHii'J. Jaiuiari/, 1S7'*, March, "

S<-ptvinber, " ,Tnnuary, lS7:i. Jatinarif, 1S7<{.

(htoltrr. " Deccmhcr, " rfananrtt, tS77.

Novcinfxr, " Januarij, 1874. fibrunry, "

1><c<tiihrr, " February, " March, "

.fan nary, 1S70. August, " August, "

July, '' January, 1S75.

Receivable in e.tchange on Subscription account, or exchaiig-
able for other numbers not in above list. Send numbers pre-
paid by mail, and advise the publisher. Addrv.-s,

CHAS. H. MAROT,

81-1 Chestiiiit St.. PliUa-.

10

iiri: //(. )A' riL Y 7. /Y Vv'. / /. . / n i i:r 77s /:a'.

NewPlants/ Season

Maii.kii Fkkk, (111 u|iplic:itioii, our aiiiiuul ('ittal<i<:ii<> ot m-w,
rare and l>i-iintifiil I'liinis, Hoses, Ac, in wliicli tin- ])ric(i8 this
si'iifon liavr l)fiMi ;.'rHatly reilnced. Also, our unnuul I'utiilogue
01 Flower mid (iardeu Seeds. Address,

:3E'J^TJT-M DBXJTZJ cfc S03\r,

m:K1>SMKN AM) KI.itlMS'rs.
1-nu)i:< 3N \V»Mlitii((taii St.. New I'aHtlv, Pa.

I'T^K niNDCE, N, H.

25

MaMHfacturers of Tomuto and Verbena Plant Baskets. Mailing
Bovcs, Pot and Tree Labels, etc. Send for Price List.
Samples sent on receipt of 10 cents. Our Mailing Boxes are
lighter, cheaper, and more durable than paper. mcbS

KI.EGANT CARDS, no two alike, with name. 10c. ;or \f,
Comic Photos or Actresses, 10c. ; or 20 Fine Scroll Cards,
•i» styles no name, 10c. , i)ost-pai<i.
'"■tl'2 ,]. B. llt'sTED, Nassna, >J. Y.

FRUIT AND BREAD.

A Natural aiid Scientific iJict. '

BY (iL:STAV SCUI.ICKEYSEN.

Translated from the German by M. I-. Holbrook. M. T). In-
tended to shew what is the natural food of man ; to lead him to
"become a living cliild of nature; to simplify and beautify his
manner of living; to emancipate women from the rtiudgery of
the kitchen ; to lead to increased use of fruit ; to diniish the use
of flesh, and where possible, to do away with its use altogether;
to improve the health and add to the eiijovments and v^lue of
life. Cloth, 'i.W pages; 12mo. illustrated. ■ Price, $1. Sent by
mail post-paid on receipt of price. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

OroJa-lci

'et 3\X^xxi;i.ct<l

KY RK.N.I. F. WILLIAMS, F. U. II. S.

Containing descriiifions of 030 Species and Varieties of
Orcliidaceotis Plmits with notices of times of flowering,
approved modes of treatment and practical instructions on
general cultun*. Kemarks on heat, moisture, soil, seasons
of L'i'owth and rest suiled to the several speci"S.

FIFTH EDITION ENLARGED WITH COLORED FRONTISPICE
and numerous beanliful illustrations, .336 Page-s IS ino.
Cloth. Price $3.50. Sent by mail, po.-tage free on receipt

of jirice.

•ith edition of the above work also on hand, 300 pages 12 mo.
cloth, illustrated. Price $2.50. Set by mail, postage free, on
receipt of price. Address

CIL\S. H. MAROT,
814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

Rear of 428 Walnut Street, Philadelphia.

.Maiiiilactiire of PI, A l.\ and FANCY WIKK-WoHK, tor FI.O-
HLS'l'S ; Wnaths Crosses, .stars. Crowns, Hearts, .Niichors,
IJirds, Lamlis,(;ipsy Haskets, Hanging Itackets, Flower StandH,
itc latest ilesigns.

The NOVKLTY BITTEHFLY, for Cut-Flower Designs, is a
great attraction. Assorted sizes and colors, tio cents for 10.

a In urn. lUln. I'JIo

Wire Hanging Baskets, )>alnted, 1.00 l.'ift l.fM) 2t!0perdoz.
" " galvanized, l.!«i l.ftO 1.70 2 fto "

SKNI) K(lK PKICK LIST. t-feli-tt

VERBENAS!

•^jilriiiUil jilaiitf, free from rust or mildew.

I'l 'JO distiiu-t named varieties,

The same unnamed,

Carnations- Kdwardsii. LaPurite, .

i'res. De (;raw. and others.

Woses — IK, in. pots. Tea, Bourbon, and Hy-
brid Perpetual, our selection,

(ieranium — Mt. of Snow, Silver-leaved. 2'(.
in. pots,

Geranium — .Mt. of Snow, Silver-leaved, 3 in.
pots. fine. .......

Send for Trade I.ist.

\)<-T 100. per loot)

f3 (HI %'ir, on

2 .V) 20 00

3 0(1

SKED, PADDOCK & CO.,

apl2

t Icveland, O.

The Farmer's Account Book

A Complete System of Itook-Keeplit^ for Karmers,
Planters and Uardeiiers,

BY' A. L. CAMI'FIELD.

Every one should keep a strict account of all business trans-
actions, and thereby save much trouble that comt^s of neglect.
This is a plain, practical system of liook-keepinsr, easily under-
stood, and especially adapted to the wants of the "Farmer.
Full instructions in each book. Can be carried in an ordinary
pocket; 180 pages, bound in sheep skin. Price 75 cents. Mailed
postage free on receipt of price. Addn^ss

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

PEAR CULTTTRE FOR PROFIT.

BY' V. T. (^riNN.

.\ practical Horticulturist and author of "Money in the Garden.''
» Ontaining praiticnl method of raising Pears intelligently and
with l)est ri'sults; character of soil, l)est mode of preparing it;
best varieties to select under existing conditions ; best mode of
planting, pruning, fertilizing, grattinir, ;'nd utilizing the ground
before the trees come into bearing:, Miid finally gathering and
packing for market. Illustrated with prict ical cuts on pruiluing
and grafting, distance tabli; and orchard record. 136 pages, 12
mo. cloth. Price $1. Sent by mail, post-paid on receipt of
price. Address,

CHAS. H. M.VROT, 814 Chestnut St^, Phila.

LONDON GARDENER'S CHRONICLE

Will be furnished, post-jiaid, direct to «ul)sciibers in the U. S.

for $7.50 per year. Apply to

novtf CHAS. H. MAROT, Agent, 814 CheMnvX St., Phila.

Allen's Planet Jr. Hand Seed Drills and Wheel Hoes

are stanilaril niachiiics ; thousands in use; have taken tin' Ciiitrnninl, h^raiiklin Institute Silver.
Krfur', (irnninii/, and other medals. Sold separate or combined ; the combined tool {AiiricnliuriHt
I'\'',,nn,ii,. is L'reatly improver! for 1878. PRICES much reduced. THE PLAIVET JR.
IIOUSK HOE, popular in 1877, is perfected for 1878. Wrought bolted frame, polished cast
steel teeth, patent clevis, etc. Our catalogue IS FRI^E. S. L. ALLEN & CO., N'o. 229 Market
Street, Philadelphia. Pa. felj-4-

e R A PTTTMS .

Also GRAPE WOOD and CUTTINGS. LARGEST STOCK IN AMERICA.

All leading varieties in large supplv. Extra quality. True to name. Special rates to Agents. Dealers and Nurserymen. Our
list of custom-'r.s now embraces iiearlv all the l.-adiiiir nurservm-^n in the country, to whom we would refer those not acquainted
with oir stock. Descriptive Catalogue and Price List Free. T. S. HUBBARD, Fredonia, N. Y. aug.lo

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTLSER.

11

F. CHATFIELD,

IMPORTER AND GROWER OF

EAST INDIAN

PRICES ON APPLICATION.

Albany, N. Y., March 1, 18T8. rachtf

SUBTROPICAL GARDEN;

Or, Jieatiti) of form in tlir I-'loiver (ianlen.
By W. Robinson, F.L.8.
Beautifully illustrated. !M1 pages, 12mo, cloth. Price, $2.7§.
Mailed, postage free, on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

ART OF GRAFTING AND BUDDING,

By Charles Baltet.
Appropriately and fully illustrated by cuts, showing meth-
ods, tools, and appliances. 230 pages, 12mo, cloth. Price,
^2.00. Mailed, postage free, on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT.

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

Fruit Growers' Hand-Book.

By F. R. Elliott, author of "Western Fruit Growers'
•Guide," (one of the best posted men on the subject in the
United States). Contains the practice on all subjects connec-
ted with fruit growing. The book is made for those who grow
fruit for their own use. Also an Appendix, containing matter
relating to the selection and culture of Ornamental Trees,
Roses, Plants, <fcc. Illustrated with 45 wood-cuts, lao pages,
16mo cloth, fl ; paper, 60 cts. Sent by mail postpaid on re-
•ceipt of price. Address

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

THE VEGETABLE GARDEIT.

BY JAMES HOOG.

A complete guide to the cultivation of Vegetables, contain-
ing thorough instructions for Sowing, Planting and Cultiva-
ting all kinds of Vegetables; with plain directions for prepar-
ing, manuring and tilling the soil to suit each plant; including
also a summary of the work to be done in a vegetable garden
during each month of the year. 13T pages, 16mo., cloth. Il-
lustrated. Price 50 cents ; sent by mail, postpaid, on receipt
of price. Address

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

AMERICAN FRUIT CULTURIST.

BY JOHN J. THOMAS.

Practical directions for the Cultivation of Fruit Trees in the

NUKSERY. ORCHARD AND GARDEN.

iJjscriptionsdf the principal American and Foreign varieties.
Plain Edition, 4.S0 engravings, 511 pages, 12 mo. Price, $3.00l
Mailed post-paid on receipt of price.

j;//^i;xtra Edition, 576 pages, heavy paper, fine cloth, 608

illu irations and chmmo frontispiece; mailed, for SS.TS.*^^

Address CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnu. St.. PhUj*

B TJ H. B S,

By Edward Spragub Rand, Jk.

A treatise on Hardy and Tender Bulbs and Tubers. 357 pages,
iimo, cloth. Price, jSi.50. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt
■of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT.

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

BOOK OF ROSES.

By Francis Parkman.

Description, Cultivation ard Propagation. Beautifully illus-
i"ed. 225 pages, 12mo, cloth. Price SI. 50. Sent by mail

post-paid on receipt of price

Address

CHAS. H. MAROT.

. Phila,

ROSES AND ROSE CULTURE.

By Wm. Paul, F.R.H.S.
The rationale of Rose cultivation in a nut-shell. Intended to
place within a small compass all that is necessary for the successftil
cultivation of the " Queen of Flowers." 83 pages, i2mo, paper-
boards. Price, 60 cents. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of
price. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT,
814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

PARSONS ON THE ROSE. ~

By Samuel B. Parsons.

A treatise on the Propagation, Culture and History of th«
Rose. Illustrated. 215 pages ]2mo, cloth. Price $1.50. Sent,
by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

HowTo Paiiit

A New Work by a Practical Paiuter, design
ed for the use of Tradenmeii, raeciiaiilcii,
Iflercliaiitn. Farmers, and as a Guide to Fro-
I'esttional PalnterR. Containing a Plain Com-
mon-Sense Statement of the Methods employed by
Painters to produce satisfactory results in Plnln
and Fancy Palntliis of every description, iuclud
Ing Formulas for ITIlxiii:; Paint in Oil or
Water, Tools required, etc. This is just the Book
needed by any person having anything to paiot. and
makes

"Every Mar His Own Painter.'

Full Directions fr Jsing Wlilte Lead- Lamp*
Black— Greer - Yellow — Brown— IVlilt-
liig — Glue- Pumice Stone — Spirits of
Turpeutln 1 — Oils — Varnlslies — Fiirul-
lure Varulsli — ITIilk Pniut- Prcparius
Kalsomtiie, etc.

Paint for Outbuildings

— fVliltewasli- Paste for Paper'Haiitsiii;;-'
ilaiiglii<; Paper— Gralniiitf in Oak, iTiaple,
Kosetvood, Black Walnut — Staluin:;—
Decalcomania— ITIakiii:; KiiKtic Pi<'t:ir<'i>

— Paintint; Flower-Stands — Kosewood
Polish — Variii.<<)ltinu; Furniture — A* a x-
Ing i< uriiltiire— rieaiiiiia; Paint—

Paint for Farming Tools

-for Maolilnery— Houseliold Fixture*, etc

To Paint a Farm Wagon

—to Be-Varnisli a Curriaj^e— 10 make Plas-
ter TaiHts. The work is neatly printed, with illus-
tration» wherever they CJin serve to make the subject
plainer, anil it will save luauy tiiuew its cost
yearly. Every family should possess a copy. Price
oy mail, post-paid, $1.

CHAIfLES H. MAIJOT.

814 Chestnut St , Philadelphia. Ph

12

////■; HOR //( Y 7. fi RAJ. A P I l-.R TlSl-.R.

ARITHMETIC MADE EASY.

ROPP'S EASY CALCULATOR

Is a now pnbliriition tliiit iniist provi- of iiKiilciilaMc hcnollt to
FarnuTS, Mechanics and business men. It is so rn/-(<f aiulorfV/i-
Ti«/ a8 to startle the mo-t scholarly, and yet so.•</7/(/l^■alld prac-
tical that the must illiterate in tiv'tires can histdiitatwuu-Kli/
become liia own accountant. It enables thousands to arcmn-
plislt in a minute what they conldnot Uxirii to calculate iu many
months.

The first part containing an entirely vew stistcm of Fanlea,
which shows at a planrc the exact values of all kinds of Grain,
Stock, Hav, t'oai, Lumber, Merchandise, etc., from one_ pound
np to a car toal, and for anv price which the market is likely to
reach ; the Interest on anv sum for any time at t!, 7, Sand 10 per
cen'. ; correct measurement of all kinds of Lumber, Saw Logs,
Cisterns, Tanks, Granaries, liins, Wairon Beds, Corn Cribs; a
Time, NVasres, and many other valuable tables.

The Second jiart is a /jnic^ica/ Arithmetic, and embodies a
Kimple mathematical principle which enables ani/ one iainillar
with the fundamental rules to l)ecome a /V';/''"'"? <■"'<■"'"'<"■ •'
and bv which over tiro-thirds of the ticures and labor required
by the ordinary methods, and fractions with their intricacies,
are entirety avoided.

The work is iiiccjy printed on fine tinted i)aper, is well and
elrtrantly bound in p ocket-book shape and is accompanied by a
Silicate Slate, Memorandnn* and Pocket for papers. II is l)y far
the most complete, comprehensive and convenient pocket
manual aver published.

PRICES Bound In Russia T^eaflier, Glided, $'4.00,
Morrocco, $1.50 ; Fine Englisli Clotli, $1.00.

Sent post paid on receipt of price. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestm't Street, Phila.

A MANUAL OF VEGETABLE PLANTS.

BT ISAAC F. TILLINOUAST.

Containing the experiences of the author in starting all those
kinds of vegetables w^hich are most difficut for a novice to pro-
duce from seed ; with the best methods known for combating
and repelling noxious insects and preventing the diseases to
which garden vegetables are subject. Itt2 pages, 16mo. cloth.
Price, fl.OO, mailed, post-paid, on receipt of price. Address,

CHARLES H. MAROT,

1814 Chestnut St., Phila.

GARDENING FOR PLEASURE.

nv I'ETER IIKNDERSON.

A guide to tho Amateur in the

FRUIT, VEGETABLE and FLOWER GARDEN.

With full directions for tho
Greonhouse, Conservatory and "Window-Oarden.
Illustrated. 250 Pa>;es, I'Jino, cloth. Price 81.50. Sent by
mail pd.si-paid on receijil of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT. 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

BACK VOLUMES

OF THE

Gardener's Monthly

Can still be had in nnmbers, per year
Bound in neat cloth cases, including numbers, -
" " Koan " "

$2 10
00
3 16

Delivered postage free.

Or mail us your own nnmbers, and have them bound in cloth
caece for 90 cents. Returned to you bouad postage free.
Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street,

PHIL.ADEI>PHIA.

GARDENING BY MYSELF.

By

Anna Warner.

Containing Hints and Experiences under heading of each
month in the year. Illustrated. 16mo, 223 pages, cloth. Price
S1.25. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

WINDOW GARDENING.

By Henry- T. Williame.

DcTOied speeially to the Culture of Flowers and Ornanjental
Plants for In-door use and Parlor Decoration. Splendidly illus-
trated. 300 pages, med. 8vo, cloth. Price $1.50. Bent by mail
post-paid on receipt ol price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

lil4 Chestnut St., Phila.

NEW AM) STANDARD BOOKS

ON

ARCHITECTURE,

AND

AGRICULTURE,

Sent post paid on receipt of price.

Woodward's Artistic Drawinp Studies $ 6 08

Woodward s Ornamental and Fancy Alphabets 6 00

Woodward's Country Homes IOC

Woodward's <ottag^B and Farm Houses 1 00

Woodwards Country and .Suburban Houses... 1 00

■yVoodward 3 (rraperies, <Sic... 100

Woodwards Designs for the Fret .^aw 50

Woodward 8 Nationa 1 Architect, Vol. One 7 50

Woodwards National Architect, Vol. Two.... 7 60

Wheeler's Homes f t the People J 0:)

Wheeler's Rural Homes l Jn

Copley's i^tandard Alphabets 3 00

Jacques' Manual of tlip House 1 00

Mimckton's Natioi al Stair Buildi-r — 5 00

Montkt' ns NatioiiMl Carpenter and Joiner.... 5 00

Rural Church Archi ti'Cture 4 00

Hussey s National • ottage Architecture 4 00

Cupper's Stair BuildiT^ ! 50

Eveleth's School House Architecture 4 00

Harney's Barns, Out Buildnigs and Fences 4 0'

Jacques' Garden. Farm and Barn 'VHrd 1 50

Todd's Youne Farmer's Manu.il. 3 Vo s 4 50

Vol. 1. Farm and Workshop 150

■• S. I'rotitable Farming: 150

•' 3. Wheat Culture 1 50

Elliotts Liwn and Shade Trees 100

Fuller's Forest Tree ('ulturist 100

Randall's I'ractica 1 Shepherd 2 00

Wlllard's I'laetica 1 Dairv Husbiindry 3 00

Willard's Praclica 1 Butter Book 1 00

Lewis' Practical Poultry Book 150

Ten Acres Enoncli 1 00

How to Get a Farm, &c 100

Our Farm of F<)«r Acres 60

Flax (Culture Id

Husmann s Grapes ana Wine 1 00

Phin 8 Grape Culture 106

Thomery System of Grape Culture 30'

Frank Forester's Field Sports, 2 Vels 40'

Frank Forester't Fish and Fishine i' 50

Frank Forester's Younir Sportsman's Manual. 2 00

Fnink Forester's American Game 1 50

Practical Tniiit Culture 100

The Breechloader 1 25

The Dead Shot. The Gun 125

The Cr.ick Shot. The Kifle 1:5

Frank Forester's Horse of America. 2 Vols 5 00

Horse Portraiture Training Trotters 2 00

The D s — lireedin^r. Brehkii g. <fcc 3 CO

Wallace's American Trotting Register 1 00

Wallace's American Stud Book 10 00

Gun. Bod and Saddle 1 00

Addkbsb,

C h AS. H. MAROT, 814 CheBtnat St., Philfl.

^GARDENING FOR PROFIT.

BY PETER HENDEUaON.

A Guide to the successful culiivation of the

MARKET AND FAMILY GARDEN.

New and enlarged edition. Illustrated. 276 Pages, 12mo, cloth.
Price, €1.50. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila..

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTLSER.

13

ISr XJ I^ S E3

CJ-A. rL 33 S

■ Send for Circular and conditions of insertion under this Iieading. _g3

N.BARNARD,

Nurseryman, Still Pond, Md.

B.K. BLISS & SONS,

."^eeasnuin, IN. V. City

R. BUIST, Sr., Nurseryman,

67tli St. and Darby Ave , PliiJa.

W. B. BURLEIGH,

Florist and Seedsman, Plainfield, Conn.
JNO. DICK,

Nurseryman and Florist, Philada., Pa.
GEO. FOUST,

Nurseryman and Florist, Barnegat, N.J.
S.J.GALLOWAY.

Nursery and Seedsman, Montgomery. O.
J. GRIEVES,

Nurseryman, Paterson, N. .J.

wmTkTharrTs;

Florist, Philadelphia.

PETER HENDERSON k CO., Wholesale
Seedsmen and Florists, Mew York City.

HOVEY^' COT;

Nursery and Seedsmen, Boston, Mass.
ATHANCE L SON, Nursery and Fruit

Growers, Red Bank, N. J.
SAMUEL KINSEY,

Small Fruit Nursery, Dayton, Ohio.

C. F. LANE, Seedsman and Apiarian,
Janesville, Wis.

FRANCIS~LUDLOW,

Nurseryman, Naperville, Ills.
W. N. MATTOON,
Florist. Oswego, N. Y.

SARAH H.MARTIN,

^ueds and Bulbs, Vlarblehead, Mass.

A. C. NELIS, Florist and^edsman,
Canajoharie, N.Y.

JOSHUA M.PHILIPS,

Nursery and Seedsman, Mercershi.rg.Pa.
WM. B. REED, Nurseryman and Florist,
Chambersburg. Pa.

W.L.SMITH, ~~

Florist, Aurora, Ills.

THOMAS MEEHAN,

Nursery & Tree Seeds, Germant'n, Phil.
HENRY MICHEL & CO:,
Florist, t^t. Louis, Mo.

CHAS. T. STARR,

I lorist, Avonflole, Chester Co., Pa.

G.W.THOMPSON,

Nurseryman, stelton, N. J.

J. C. VAUGHAN, Importer and
Dealer in Bulbs, Chicago, 111.

I. C. WOOD & BRO., Wholesale and RetaU
Nursery and Fh.rist, Fishkill. N. Y.

FRANK WHITNALL,
Seedsman and e lorist, Milwaukee, Wis

A. HISTORY OF

The United States of America

BY JOSIAH W. LEEDS.

Including some important facts mostly omitted in the smaller

histories. Designed for general reading and for academies.

Brought down to the year 1876. 46S pp., I'imo. cloth, toned paper.

Price, $1.75. Sent by mail, post-paid, on recept of price. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

HOW PLANTS GROW.

By Asa Gray, M. D.

A simple Introduction to Structural Botany, irith a Popular
Flora, or an arrangement and description of Common Plants.
both wild and cultivated. Illustrated with 500 wood engravings.
!i33 pages, large 16mo, half-arabesque, paper sides. Price SI. 23.
Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Addreaa CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., PhUa.

BOOK OF EVERGREENS.

By Josiah Hoopes.

A practical treatise on the Coniferae or Cone-bearing plants.
Handsomely illustrated. 435 pages, rimo, cloth. Price 83.0t'
Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phlla.

AMERICAN GARDENER'S ASSISTANT.

By Thomas Bridgeman.

Containing complete practical directions for the cultivation of
Vegetables, Flowers, Fruit Trees and Grapevines. Illustrated.
«29 pages, 12mo, cloth. Price $2.50. Sent by mail post-paid on
receipt of price .

Address CHAS. H. MAHOT,

814 Chentnut St., Phila.

lannal of Botany of tie Horllieni Unltel States.

By Asa Gray,

Including the district east of the Mississippi «nd north of Carolina
and Tennessee. Arranged j«;cordin2 to the Natural System. Illus-
trated with ao plates of Sedges, Grasses, Ferns, &c. 703 pages,
8vo, half-arabesque cloth sides. Price, jts.aS- Sent by mail post-
paid on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

GARDENERS' DICTIONARY.

By Gbo. W. Johnson, Eklitor of " Cottage Gardener."

Describing the Plants, Fruits and Vegetables desirable for the
Garden, and explaining the terms and operations employed in
their cultivation. New Edition, with a supplement, including the
new plants and varieties. 910 pages, i2mo, cloth, fine print. Price,
^3.50. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

ROSE GARDEN7

By Wm. Paul, T". R. H. S.

Ehnbracing History of the Rose ; formation of Rosarium; detail-
ed account of practice for successful eulfivation ; arrangement ia
natural groups of most esteemed varieties, English and Foreign,
in the most eminent Gardens ; with full description and remarks
on origin anl mode of culture. Numerous illustrations. 256
pages, Royal 8vo, cloth. Price $3.00. Sent by mail post-paid
on receipt of price. Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., PhUa.

ORNAMENTAL TREES.

By Thomas Meehan.

An American Hand-Book, containing the personal obserra-
tions of ihe author. 257 pages, 24mo, cloth. Price 75 cts. Sent
by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

LAWN AND SHADE TREES.

By F. R. Elliott.

Deciduous and Evergreen Trtes and Shrubs, for ptantiag la
Parks, Gardens, Cemeteries, &c., &c. Illustrated. 125 pages,
i2mo, cloth. Price, jji. JO. Sent by mail, post-paid, on receipt oi"
price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

INSECTIVOROUS PLANTS.

By Chas. Darrrin.

With copious descriptive contents and index. Illustrated.
462 pages, 12mo, cloth. Price 87.00.
Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address . CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

CLASS BOOK OF BOTANY. WORKING MAN'S WAY TO WEALTH.

Bt Alphonso Wood, A. M.
Being outlines of the Structure, Physiology and Classification of
Plants ; with a Flora of the United States and Canada. 832 pages,
8vo, hajfarabesque cloth sides. Price, ^3.50. Sent by mail post-
paid on receipt of pric«.

Address. CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

By Edmund Wrigley.

A practical treatise on Building Associations, what they are, and
how to use them . 108 pages, i6mo, cloth. Price, 75 cents. Sent
by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

u

THE HOR TlCl 7, 71 'RA /. .4 D I T.R T/SfiR.

CLUB PAPERS AT NET PRICES,

ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED.

TO EEMIT IN CLUBBING

Hiiv of the fiillowiiifr list witli the
GARDENER'S MONTHLY
Select such as you wish, foot iij) the prices annexed, and add TWO DOLLARS
for the MONTHLY to the total.

American Agricullurist $t HO

" Farmer 1 35

" Artisan 1 60

" Builder 2 60

" Naturalist 3 25

" Odd Fellow 1 60

Appleton'8 Journal 2 50

Arthur's Home Magazine 1 S5

Atlantic Monthly 3 45

Boeton Cultivator 1 60

Building Association Journal 75

" Societies Gazette, London, England 1 35

Bucks County Intelligencer, old subscribers, $2.60, new... 2 10

California Horticulturist 2 75

Central Union Agriculturist and Chrome 1 70

Children's Friend \ 35

Hour 1 10

Coleman's Kural World 1 86

Country Gentleman 2 10

Demorest's Magazine 2 60

F.clertic Magazine. 4 60

Farmer's Home Journal 1 35

Farm Journal 20

Frank Leslie's Ladies' Magazine 3 10

" Review 2 10

Gennantown Telegraph, old subscribers, $2.50, new 2 20

Godey's Lady's Book 2 15

Graphic, (Daily), per year 9 50

Hall's Journal of Health 1 60

Harper's Bazar 3 35

" Magazine 3 35

" Weekly 3 35

Herald of Health 1 60

Household 85

Iowa Homestead 1 60

Journal of Chemistry ; 1 10

Journal of Materia Medica 1 10

Kansas Farmer 1 35

Lady's Floral Cabinet, with Chromo 1 10

Ladies' Repository 3 35

Leslie's Lady's Journal 3 60

Lippircott's Magazine 3 10

Littell's Living Age 7 60

London Garden _ 8 75

London Gardener's Chronicle 7 50

Maine Farmer 2 10

Manufacturer and Builder 1 85

Maryland Farmer $1 36

Massachusetts I'loughman...

Metropolitan

Milling Journal

Moore's Rural New Yorker.
Nation

National Baptist

New England Farmer

" " Homestead

New York Evangelist

New York Methodist

" " Herald Weekly

" " Post Weekly, $1.40 Semi-Weekly

" " Times, Weekly, $!. 40; Semi-Weekly

" " Tribune, Weekly, $1.40 : Semi- Weekly

" " World, WeeKly, $1.40; Serai-Weekly

North-Western Farmer

Nursery

Ohio Farmer

Our Home Journal

\ Park's Floral Gazette

I Peun Monthly

i Peter's Musical Monthly

j Peterson's Magazine

Philadelphia Weekly Press

Philadelphia Weekly Times

I Phrenological Journal

Poultry World ^. «....

Poultry World, colored plate edition

' Popular Science Monthly

Practical Farmer, (Weekly.)

Prairie Farmer

Purdy's Small Fruit Recorder

Saint Nicholas

Saturday Evening Post

; Scientific American _

j Scientific Farmer

Scribner's Monthly

I Southern Cultivator

Southern Planter aad Farmer

Vick's Illustrated Monthly Magazine

Waverly Magazine

Western Agricultirist

! Western Farmer

" Rural

I Working Farmer

I Young Folk's Monthly

: Youth's Companion' new subscribers $1.40; old subscribers

2 60
1 85

1 86

2 S5
4 75
2 35
2 35
2 10
2 60
2 20

1 00

2 60
2 60
2 60
2 60
1 10
1 20

1 60

2 25
40

2 10
2 60
1 70
1 60
1 35
1 6(»
1 00
1 75
4 20
1 60

1 60
85

2 60
1 76
1 75

85

3 46
1 85
1 85

95

4 65
85

1 80
1 50
1 10
95
1 75

The above includes postage under the new U. S. Law requiring prepayment of postage before mailing.

After subscription to a club paper through this agency, report non-receipt of your numbers
and other causes of dissatisfaction, irregularities of mails or changes of residence, ordy to said
paper direct [not to this office).

Remit by P. O. Order, Draft or Registered Letter. Currency is at risk of mails.

If you wish a receipt or reply, enclose postage Ftamp for that purpose, otherwise the club papers will be considered &.
HnfScient receipt.

Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

RURAL AND PRACTICAL BOOKS,

sent by mail, post paid, on receipt of price.

Allen's, R. L., Uisea9e8 of Doraeptic Animals 1

Allen's L. F. Rural Architecture

Allen's, L. F., American Cattle

Allen's, R. L. <fc L. F., New American Farm Book

Allen's, K. L., American Farm Book

American Architect

American Bird Fancier. (Brown'h)

American Weeds anrt Useful Platit:<

Apple Culturist, S. E. Todd

Art of Saw Filing

Art of Graftingand Budding

Architecture, Modern American, Cumniings & Millf-r

" Principles and Practice of, Loring <fe Jeuning. :

Asparagus Culture, paper

Baker's Fruit Culture

Bassett on Cranberrv Culture

Barry's Fruit Garden

Bell's Carpentry made easy

Bemeiit's Poulterers' Companion

Bemcnt's Rabbit Fancier

Bert Hoot Sugar

Bickliell's Village Builder, 77 plates :

Bommer's Method of Making Manures

Boussingau!f.'~, J. B., Rural Economy

Bre<-k's New Book of Flowers

Bridgenian's American Gardener's Assistant

Bridgeman's Fruit Cultivator's ^Witiual

Bridgeman's Kitchen Gardener's Instructor

Bnildiug Associations, How to Manage

Building Associations, What They Are

Buist's, Robert, Am. Flower Garden Directory

Bnist's. Robert, Family Kitchen Gardener

Burr's Field and Garden Vegetables of America

Carpenter and .Joiner's Hand Book, (Holly)

Chorltoii's Grape-Grower's Guid^'

Chemistry of the Farm, (Nichols)

Cleveland's Villas and Cottages

Cobl>ett'8 American Gardener .

Coles, S. W. American Fruit Book

Cole's American Veterinarian

Coop rr's Kural Hours

Copeland's Country Life

Dadd's, Geo. H., American Cattle Doctor

Dadd's Modern Horse Doctor

Dana's, Samuel H., Mnck Manual

Darwin's Variations of Animals and Plants, (2 vols)

Darwin's Disectiverous Plants

DeVoe's Market Assistant

Downing's, A. .J., Landscape Gardening

Downlng's Cottage Residences

Downing's Fruits and Fruit Trees of America

Downing's Rural Essays

Downing's Ladies' Companion to the Garden

DnBreuil's Vineyard Culture, (Dr. Warden)

Eastwood on Cultivation of the Cranberry

Elliott's Western Fruit Grower's Guide

Elliott's Landscape Gardening..

Elliott's Lawn and Shade Trees

Elliott's Fruit Growers' Hand Book, paper, 60 cents, cloth

Farming for Boys

Field's, Thomas W., Pear Culture

Five Acres too much, (illustrated)..

Flagg's European Vineyards

Flax Culture ."

Flint, Chas. L., on Grasses

Flint's Milch Cows

Fowler's Homes for All

French's Farm Drainage

Fuller's Grape Culturist

Fuller's Small Fruit Culture

TulUr's Strawberry C»rlturist

Fuller's Forest Tree Culturist

Fulton on Peach Culture

Gentry's Life Histories of Birds, (2 vols)

Gray's How Plants Grow

Gray's Manual of Botany

Gray's Manual, Botany and Lessons, in one toI

CJray's School and Field Book of Botany

(Gregory on Squashes, paper

Guernon on Milch Cows

Guide to Fortune

Harazthy's Grape Culture and Wine Making

Harris' Insects Injurious to Vegetation, clo. $4 ; col. eng's

Harris on the Pig

Hatfield's American House Cari>enter _.

Henderson's Practical Floriculture

Henderson's Gardening for Pleasure

Henderson's Gardening for Profit

Herbert's Hints to Horsekeepers ."

Hoopes on Evergreens

Hop Culture "

How to Buy a Farm, and Where to Find One

How to Paint

Hussraan's Grapes and W'ines ."

Jacques' Manual of the House "

(and any others in the market not on this list) will be
Address Chas. H. Marot, 814 Chestnut St.,Phila.

fl 00 I Jacques' Manual of the Garden 1 75

160 Jennings' Cattle Doctor 176

2 .''0 Jennings on the Horse and His Diseases 1 75

2 .^0 Jennings' Sheep, Swine and Poultry 1 75

1 50 Johnson's Gardeners' Dictionary 3 50

7 00 Johnson's How Crops Feed 2 00

30 Johnson's How Crops Grow 2 00

1 75 Johnson's Peat and its Uses 1 25

1 50 Johnston's Elements ol Ag. Cliemiairy and Geology 1 50

75 Johnston's J. S. W., Agricultural Chemistry 175

2 00 Kemp's Landscape (iardeuing 2 59

10 00 Klippart's Farm Drainage 175

12 00 Langstroth, Rev. L. L., on the Hive and Honey Bee 2 00

20 Leeds' History of United States i 75

4 00 i Lenchars' How to Build Hot-hmises i 60

30 ' Leihisi's, Justus, Familiar Lectures on Chemistij 75

2 50 : Louden '8 Encyclopa-dia of Plants 21 00

5 00 I Lyman's CotUin Culture 1 .50

McMahon's American Gardener -^ 25

Mayhew's Practical Book-keeping for Farmers 90

Mechanics' Companion, (Nicholson) 3 00

Meehau's Ornamental Trees 75

Miles on the Horse's Foot 7j

Miner's, T. B., Bee-keeper's Manual 1 25

Mohr on the Grape-vine 1 OO

Money in the Garden 1 &0

My Vineyard at Lakeview 1 25

My Farm of Edgewood .^.... 1 75

My Ten-rod Farm !.... 60

North American Sylva, 5 vols., 156 col. plates, in 30 parts

" "" unbound 60 00

" " Half Turkev Antique, gilt 70 00

" " full '• " 75 00

Nichol's CheiListry of the Farm and "^ea 1 26

Norton's, John P., Elemeiits of Scientific Agriculture 75

Norris' Fish Culture 1 75

Onion Culture 20

Our Farm of Four Acres 1 25

Packard's Guide to the Study of Insects cloth 6 00

Paul's Booti of Roses 60

Paul's Rose Garden 3 00

Paxton's Botanical Dictionary 15 00

Pardee on Stra ^ berry Culture 75

Parkman's Book of Rose;' 1 59

Parson's, Samuel B., on the Rose 1 50

Peat and its Uses 1 26

Pear Culture, Fields 1 26

Pedder's, James, Farmers' Land-measure 60

Percheron Horse 1 08

Peterson's Preserving, Pickling and Canning Fruit 50

Piiin's Open-air Grape Culture and Wine Making 1 50

(^uinn's Pear Culture for Profit 1 00

yuinby's Mysteries of Bee-keeping Explained 1 50

Randall's Sheep Husbandry 1 50

Randall's Fine Wool Sheep Husbandry 1 00

Rand's Bulbs 1 M

Rand's Flowers for Parlor and Garden 2 50

Rand's Popular Flowers and How to Cultivate them 1 25

Rand's Garden Flowers 2 50

Rand's Orchid Culture 3 00

Rand's Rhododendrons 1 50

Robinson's Alpine Flowers 4 50

" Sub-Tropical Garden 2 75

" Wild Gardi n j 25

Ropp's Commercial Calculator, cloth $1, Morocco Tuck... 2 00

Rose Culturist paper HO

Robbins', R., Produce and Ready Reckoner 75

Saunders' Domestic Poultry, paper, 40 cloth 76

Saxton's Hand Book, in four series, each 1 m

Scheuck's (iardeners' Text-book 75

Scribner's Ready Reckoner and Log-book 30

strong's Cultivation of the Grape 3J00

Ten Acres Enough 1 go

Thomas, J. J., Farm Iniplemeuts 1 no

Thomas, J. J., Fruit Culturist ; old ed., $3 00 ; new edition 3;50

Tobacco Culture '25

Ville's Chemical Manures 1 26

Warder's American Pomology 3 00

" Hedges and Evergreens 160

Waring's Drainage for Profit and Health 1 60

" Elements of Agriculture 1 oo

" Earth Closets .vi

Webster's Dictionary, Unabridged 12 00

Well's Every Man his own Lawyer 2 00

Williams, B. S., on Stove & (ireenhouse l'lanfs,2 vols.,iird 5 00

Williams, B. S., on Select Ferns and Lycopods 2 60

Williams, B. S., Orchid Grower's Manual, 4ih edition 2 .50

" '■ " " 5th edition 's 50

Window Gardening 1 60

White's Gardening for the South 2 00

" Cranberry Culture 1 26-

Wood's Class Book of Botany 3 60

Wright's Prnctical Poultry Keeper J 50

Youatt on the Horse 1 75

Youman's Household Science 2 SO'

1 25
1 50

1 50
.50

2 50
2 50
1 50
1 50
1 50
1 50

20
1 50
1 60
4 00

1 25

2 25

4 Oil

2 60
30
75

1 00

5 00

6 50
1 50

3 60
1 50
1 60
1 80
1 75
3 00

40
1 75
1 00
1 .50
1 50

10

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVF.Rl/SF.R.

Index to Advertisements.

Advi'ltisersart rmueated to have orders in luiitU as Eaulv as
PocsiBi.E. Copy received after the 22d of each month cannot lie
iNsfHED inxertion in the next iasiie.
AjT'-nlo Journal, New York, ...

AUon S. L. & Co.. Pliihuli'liitiisi, I'li..
American Steamship Co., riiiliulelpliin, I'a.,
Bayersdorfer M. M. & Co., I'hiladclpliia,
Hi)"wker A Co., .^torkhrid^'e Nurseries, Ilostoii, .Now York,
I'.reiineinaii W. U. llarrishiir^', I'a., .
Itnd-ji'uiaii Alfred, New York, . .

HrvaHt. J. M., I'liiladelphia Fly-leaf

Kutz I'uul & Sou, New (.'astle, Pa li»

♦ arson \Vm. n., New York Fly-leaf

ColliiiH Johu 8., Monrestowu, N. J., .

Touvi-rse & Co.. Kludge, N. H. 1"

(.hatlield A. F., Albany. N. Y., 11

l'liitat;o Floral Co., Chicago, 111.,
Dingee & Conrad Co., West Grove, Pa., .
Pisbrow iMaiinfacturin" Co., Kochestcr, N. Y
Dreer 11. A., Philadelphia, Pa., .

Dreibelhiss, Jno., Fort Wayue, Ind., lt>

Elder Walter, Philadelphia, ...... 7

Ellwanger & Harry, Ml . Hope Nurseries, Kocheater, N.Y. . 6

Everett & Small, Boston, Mass., 6

Fletcher H. L.. New York

Foster, P. li., Suffolk Co., N. Y.,

(ialloway, S. J., Montgomery, Ham. Co., O.,

iiilbert, Avery B., Cambridgeport, Mass., .

Hales H. W., Ridgewood, N. J.,

Harris Wm. K., Philadelphia,

Henderson Peter & Co., New York. .

Hewes A. H. & Co., Cambridge, Mass.,

Hickman, J. B., San Juan, Cal., .

Hitchiugs & Co., New Y'ork,

Hubbard T. S., Fredonia, N. Y.,

Huber, Ch. & Co., Hyeres, France, .

Husted J. B., Nassau, N. Y.,

IlexaroBr F. M., New Castle, Westchester Co., N. Y

Hovey & Co., Boston, Ma.ss.,

Kavanagh, Jas. J., Towanda, Bradford Co., Pa., . . 8

Kelsey Fred. W., Kochester, New York, . . . Fly-leaf
Landreth David & Sons, Philadelphia. . . . 5, Fly-leaf

Linslev, K., West Meriden, Conn., 16

Lonsdale Edwin, Germantown, Phila., .... T

Lord's Horticultural Works, Irvington-on-the Hudson, . 4

Lynex R., Philadelphia, 10

Marot Chas. H, Philadelphia, Pa., 6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,

7
7
7
9
5
1
cover

SITUATIONS WANTED.

AYOrNti single man, witli lonsiderable experience, wishes
a situation as assistant gardener in a firnt-clasH private es-
lablishineut ; or as assistant pr(ipa';utor and plantsman in a
nursery. Can be well recommenaeu. For particularB address
II. E. Chitty, Florist, Patterson, N. ,1. apl2

BY a practical gardener, mairied, small family, 16 years' ex-
perience in Europe and 12 in this country. Thoroughly
coini)eteiit ill all branches of horticulture and general manape-
nii'nt of a gentleman's private place. Will accept a situation
ii] any department, or as foreman in a commercial place.
Highest references given. Address .Jules, care Mr. II. A. May,
Florist, 193 Tremont street, Boston, Mass.

E. B. Parsons & Co.

offer to buyers of the best Trees and Shrubs a very well
grown stock at low ratei". Among them are Khododendroiis of
the quite hardy sorts, and in (lualily and price preferable to
imported i)lants. Also Hardy and Chinese Azaleas, Japan and
Chinese Magnolias, Hardy and Greenhouse Roses, grown in
open ground, and at low rates. We invite the attention of

NURSERYMEN AND DEALERS

To our general stock, both Uecldiioiis and Everfjreen,

which is very large and complete. The raier Evergreens,
as well as the old standard sorts, we grow in large quantity.
Flo-^verlng SUrubs we offer at low rates. Our Purpl«

I lieei'Ii, grafted irom really purple-leaved trees, are very fine.
Our Nursery and Greenhouses being on ground once occu-
pied by the old house of Parsons & Co., visitors will find it
quite accessible from either the Bridge or Main St. Railroad

! Stations. For Catalogues, address,

1 R. B. PARSONS &. CO.,

Box 99 Bowne Ave., Flushing, N. Y.

Michel Henry & Co., St. Louis, Mo., .
Merrill Warren J., Cambridgeport, Mass., .
Nialson H., St. Joseph Mo.,
Nimmo Alex., Brooklyn, N. Y.,

liursery Cards,

Parsons R. B. & Co., Flushing, N. Y'.,
Parsons & Sons Co., Flushing, N. Y'.,
Randall Chas. A., New York,

Raoux, C, New York,

Reed Geo. I. & Co., Nassua, N. Y.,
Koberts Josiah A., Malvern, Pa.,
Roe B. P., Cornsvall-on-Hudson, N. Y.,
Rolker August & Sons, New York,

Situations Wanted,

gked Paddock & Co.. Cleveland, Ohio,
Smith & Butler, Newj."-' R. I.,
■Smith & Lynch, Bogtv ass., .
Southarn Enterprise, Auantic, Ga.,
Straitton & Storm, New York,
Stevens W. A., Richmond, Va.,
Trnitt, James, Chemute, Neosho Co., Kan.,
"Veitch, Robert & Son, New Haven, Conn..
"Wilson, Wm. C, Astoria , Long Island,
Wister, Rodman, Pittsburgh,

15, Fly-leaf

7

cover

13

16

Cover

kk

1st PREMIUM

>>

STUAWBEHHY

and all other Small Fruits, for sale by E. P. ROE, Author of
"Culture of Small Fruits— How to Grow ."ind Market them."
Also proprieter of the celebrated new seedling Raspl)erry
"PRIDE of the HUDSON" (see Oct., '77, No. of .4 to.
Agriculturint). All tha leading kinds in large quantities.
Pure, flrst-class plants and choice ne-w kinds a specialty.
It will pay those wishing to re-stock their grounds with plants
they can rely upon, to send for circular. Descriptive catalogue
and price list free to all. Address

ET^ T^ ^"^ ^— V Coniwall-on-Hudsou,

. P. ROE, ^--s*^ *^° ' ^ Xb tf

16

1, Fly-leaf
16
10
5
Cover

8 1 HOW TO MANAGE BUILDING ASSOCIATIONS.

7,8

•WANTED, A FOREMAN

Of long and extensive experience in growing cut flowers and
^ne plants generally. A strictly sober, studious vian with $1500
in cash to put into the business, with an established trade, can
hear to his interest by addressing JNO. DREIBELBISS, Jr.,
Florist and Seedsman, Fort Wayne, Ind mayl

For a term of years 8.000 to 10,000 feet of glass, well fitted
op for growing Cut Flowers and Bedding Stukf. Good
trade, well established in a very thriving' city of 16,000 popula-
tion. Possession given July 1st. Terms low. Plenty of laud.
Address,

R. LINSLEY,

»pl4 West Meriden. Conn.

By Edmund Wkiglby.
Being a Director's Guide and Secretary's Assistant, with forms
for Keeping Books .and Accounts, also rules, examples and explana-
tions illustrating the various plans of working. 211 pages, i2mo,
cloth. Price, ^2.00. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.
Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

SELECT FERNS AND LYCOPODS.

By Benjamin S. Williams, F.R.H.S.
Comprising descriptions of 950 choice species and varieties, Brit-
ish and Exotic, with directions for their management in the Tropical,
Temperate and Hardy Fernery, with numerous beautiful full-page
illustrations. 353 pages, i2mo, cloth. Price, ^2.50. Sent by mail
post-paid on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut. Street, Philadelphia.

HOW TO LAY OUT A GARDEN.

By Edward Kemp.

A general guide in CtooBing, Forming and Improving an 'Sa-
tate (from a quarter-acre to a hundred acres in extent), with
reference to both design and execution. Illustrated with nu-
merous plans, sections and sketches. 403 pages, 12mo, cloth.
Price $2.,%. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.
Address CHAS. H. MAROT.

814 Chestnut St., PhUa.

Medal and Diploma awarded by the U. S. Cen-
tennialCommissioa, 1876, to

SMITH ^_ LYMOM

31 anil fad 11 vers of Patent Itnjirored

rortabls Callulap Fire Boz Return Flue Boiler,

AND

PATENT PORTABLE CELLULAR FIRE BOX

BASE BURNER BOILER

Greenhouses, Graperies, Conservatories, Pro2>afjating Houses, Forcing Pits, Public

and Private Buildings, Schools, Drying Rooms and

Heating Water for Baths.

ALSO KEEP CONSTANTLY ON HAND

Expuisioi Tanks, Evaporafing Pans, Stop Valves, Cast-iron Pipe, Elbows, Tees, Branches, Pipe Chairs
and eveiythinir necessary, of the best material, for Greenhouse Heating.

Smith & Lynch's Improved Ventilatinif Apparatus, for opening and closing Ventilating Sash, on roof
<ir sides of Greenhouses and Graperies.

Judges' Report on awards, with descriptive illustrated circular containing testimonials and reference.
Also price lis-t furnislied on application to

SMITH & LYNCH,

A HAUDY, ITEW AUD DELICIOUS FHUIT

THE JAPANESE PERSIMMON, OR KAKI.

Grafted Plants, iu live varieties, 1 vear old, $1.00 each, by mail or express ; 2 year old, $2.00 each by express. Also a very large
and most complete assortment of all kinds of Uardii and Half Hardy

FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL

Speclaltiesmadcof KaODODENDKONS,^PUUrLE^BEKCn^^^^ ^^^^^^^ Ca„KLLIA8, MAGNOLIAS.

K08ES, NEW AND KAKE PLANTS.

Price List Free, jyescrlptive Catalogue 10 cents.

PARSONS & SONS CO., Limited.

missena Nurseries, Flushing, Jf. Y.

-i: 2000000.4-

ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUES

Sent free on application.

^I>IN STOCK^i^

Low freights from, Boston
allow us to compete with any
Pottery in the United States,

A. H. HEVirS <£ GO.^ - Iffo. Cambridge^ Mass.

{Late of the yirtn of Jyhmnu <£■ Scollai/,)

PATENT IMPROVED HOT WATER BOILERS,

► ^ <c —

8ep

(A

oS

w »- «.
£o5
© ,►*
« « >

H So(8

rt « 3 '-D c^
Oi *■ > o. — "^^

W ■I-' c

Silo r

I.- =

|£ 5

PRIZE MEDAL AND DIPLOMA AWARDED THIS BOILER AT THE
CENTENNIAL EXHIBITION.

ES^ Please ."end for Circular for explanation, etc., before yon make up your mind to purchase elsewhere.

12 1204 Degraw Street, near Nostrand Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.

Edited by Thomas Meehan.

Vol. XX. No. 234.

(Combined Magazines, Thirty-thu-d Year.)

JUNE, 1878.

PUBLISHED BY CHARLES H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.
TERMS-2.10 PER YEAR-POSTAGE PAID.

The Gardener's Monthly

AND HORTICULTURIST.

EDITED BY THOMAS MEEHAN,

Assisted by an able Corps of AMERICAN and KOKEIGN CORRESPONDENTS.

It is published on the first of every month, at the office, No. 814 CHESTNUT STREET,
PHILADELPHIA, where all Business communications should be addressed.

Communications for the Editor should be addn^ssed : Thomas Meehan, GERMANTO'WN,Philada.

SUBSCRIPTION PRICE, Postage paid, $2.10.

TERMS OF ADVERTISING.

*Col.

^ col.

jcol.

icol.

h col.

1 col.

1 page.

One Time,

93 00

«4 00

$6 00

$8 00

$12 00

•24 00

948 00

Two to Three Times, each,

2 70

3 60

5 40

T ao

10 80

21 60

43 20

Four to Six Times, "

a 25

3 00

4 50

6 00

9 00

18 00

30 00

Seven to Nine Times, "

8 00

a TO

4 Ol»

5 35

8 00

16 00

32 00

Ten to T^velve " "

1 80

^ 40

3 60

4 80

7 20

14 40

28 80

Twelve lines nenpariel is ^ col. A less space than V col. will be furnlshel at rates In exact proportion, line for line.

For THIRD and LAST COVER PAGES ; FIRST PAGE advertisement /acjngr reading matter; "FLY-LEAP PAGE" (front
of nnmber) be/ore reading matter and facing lirst cover — special figures will be given on application.

COPY and orders for NEW advertisements should be on hand by the 2vsd of each month; and CHANGES of COPY
running contracts by the 16th of each month, to insure them in the following issue. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT, Publisher, 814 Chestnut St., Philadelphia.

CONTENTS OF THE JUNE NUMBER.

CORRESPONDENCE:

The Amaryllis 161-16'.

Comparative Rose List..; 162

Ribbon Bedding 163-164

The Ailanthus 164

California Dicentra 164-16t

Andromeda* 16.^-166

Notes on 'he Culture of Native Plants 1C6

A Califoruian Garden .' 166-167

Cattleyas 167-169

Among the Orchard Growers 169-17n

Foliage Plants for Window Culture 17(1-171 ,

The Mennonite Grass Burner 171-174

Quality and Culture of Pears 175-176

The Dwarf Juneherry 176

Notes on New Fruits 176-177

A Remarkable Pear 177-178

Slitting the Bark of Pear Trees 178

Forestry in Southern Kansas 130-181

Swamp Dogwood 181-182

The Secular Change of Vegetation 183-184

Seeding of Wistaria Sinensis 184

From Oregon to Washington— A Glimpse of Three
Rivers 187

EDITORIAL NOTES:

Acer Rufineroe— Gardening in Norfolk— The Dwarf

Pyracantha— Quercns Heterophylla 167

A Room Garden— Lent Lilies— Tea Roses in Eng-
land—Progress of Orchards in the United stttcs.. 174
Pear Culture in the North West— Enough of a «iood
Thing— Pear Clapp's Favorite in Canada— The
Lady Apple— ?onvenir dn Congres Pear— The
Early Season 17«

Black Walnuts aud Orchards — Pine Lumber of Utah 182

New Varieties by firafting-Hairs of Plants— Their
Forms and Uses — Abies and Picea— The Origin of
the Prairies — Botanical Contributions — Parasite on

the Codling Moth — Abies Reginse Amelia- 184-186

European Notes, by the Editor (No. 10)— A Small
Fraud — Stealing Snowdrops— Gardeners and Farm-
ers— An Exceptionally Honest Man — Science in the

Department of Agriculture 18T-191

Proceedings of the American Pomological Society
— Germantown Horticultural Society — Fiftieth An-
niversary of the Pennsylvania Horticultural So-
ciety-New York Horticultural Society 192

SCRAPS AND QUERIES:

Lady Washington Pelargoniums— Variegated Pelar-
gonium

Ploughing Among the Roots of Trees — Stocks for
Grafting Gooseberries — The Pear Slug — Fruit

Prospects at Boston

A Large Chestnnt Tree — The Birch — Persimmon

Gum

The Dwarf Juneherry — Hybrids — Lightning —
Robin Hood Plant— Gall on the Wild Cherry Leaf

—Rose Gall

The Christmas Rose— French Notes— The First
Horticultural Magazine

FORESTRY

NATURAL HISTORY AND SCIENCE

LITERATURE, TRAVELS AND PERSONAL NOTES.

HORTICULTURAL SOCIETIES

179

-180

182

-183

166

192

180-182

la".

-184

187

192

AUGUST ROLKER ^ SONS,

44 Dey Street, New York,

I3IPOitTEJiS AND DBALEltH IX ALL SORTS OF

FLORISTS' SUPPLIES,

Also, Manufacturers of Grass-Trimmed

All sorts of Flower Baskets constantly on hand.

Yellow Warblers and Humming Birds,

Well mounted, for additional decoration of different floral desiojns. This is the latest stj-le, and
increases the value of design considerably, as skillfully arranged they look quite cunning.

Tinfoil, Uc. per lb., in 10 lb. lots and over, ICc.

Bouquet fapers, in both Italiens and Cartons.

Toothpicks, first quality only.
Tmtnortelles, in all colors.

Moss dried, dark and light green, small and large bunches.
Immortelle H'reaths (French^.

Plantsticks, the cheapest in the market.

liusfir Chairs, strong and neat, $1.75 each, in our store.
Rustic Hangi^ig Baskets, 8 in., 00 cts. ; lo in., 8() cts.-, 12 in., %l \ 14 in., $I.'^J each.
Weeder's " Excelsior," %-i.00 a dozen, 25 cents each.

'^'£^^ --=^=g^s^£=°3^^->..^ ding to pressure, to a radius

PERFECTION

LAWN

Can be adjusted to any hose
i-inch, and throw wat«r, accor-

measuring fifty feet. It sells
for $1.25. with a discount to
the trade. It is the cheapest
and most effective

GARDEN

SPRINKLER

I<rVKR INVENTED.

It can be cleaned easily of
any obstructions.

LONG BLOOD RED BEET SEED.

This Beet is ii.s ricli in S;icch;iriiii' as i-itlur tin* Siii^ar or the Manfrpls, with the fiirtiicr
advantatre of <;ro\viiii: mainly l^oncath tiie surfaro, and is on tliat accoinit loss exposcxl to
heat and enabled to resist drought. Also the Kevcral varieties of the Suj^ar and Man^jcds of th»
hi'jhest qualit}'.

Carrot and Parsnip Seeds. No"w is the time to so-w.

D. LANDRETH & SONS,

Nos. 21 and 23 South Sixth St.,

703' CHESTNUT ST. Ph. LA*

SHARPLESS SEEDLING

STRAWBERRY.

Vera larf/e .size, fjrrrllritt (/iialiti/, f/rent produc.tive-
•nettH./irtttufjis of fruit <nnl viyor of plimt nil conibi netl .

'J hi!< valuable new strawberry, vvhicli orisiniited wiili nv in
1872, will be offered to the i>iib ic in Aiis;UHt next. Circulars,
with te»-tlmonial» of proiiiiiieut horticulturists, and price list.
aent to all applicants after July 15th.

J. K. aUARPLESS

Catawissa, Pa.

"alpine flowers FOR"ENGUS]rGARDENS.

«y W. l{ubiasou, F.JL.S.
An explanation of the pri-iciples on w'lich the Exquii'lt-i
Flora of Alpine Countries miy be grown to pertectioii iu all
parts of the British lalanls, with numerous Illus-tratious of
Rock Garduus, Natural and Artiflcinl. 70 illustrations. 440
pazes, crown 8vo, cloth. Price, $4.50. Mailed, postage free,
on receipt of price.

Address, CHA8. H. MAROT,

81+ Chestnut St., Phila.

' THE WILD GARDEN •

■Or, Our Orovc.s ami Shriilibprir.s Mndt; livautlful by '
the \aturalizatiott of llnrtlij Kjcotic I'laiits.

By W. Robinson, F.L.8.
With Fronti-ipiece.
2Sfi pasres. l?mo, cloth. Price, $2.26. Mailed, postage free,
on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St.. Phila.

Between Market an<l Chestnut, Philadelphia.

GREAT REDUCTION IN PRICES

To tlioi-e u jsiiii'g to procure tine tukks. «um;Bs an\ plants,
1 Select the BKST STOCK srown in ret-poin-ible nurserlei,
GUARANTEE its RELIABILITY, and, Deinir iu constant cor-
res ondence «i'li nurserymen in Kurope and America, my
fa<'ilitii-8 for furnishing to advuntage all vakieties of fink
M'HSERY STOCK ARE UNEtjUALED. Tliis lias [ilven me much
of the best business in the country ()f Pakks. ('emeteries
AND Private Fstates, the furnishing of which 1 tnake a
specialty. References of this character it desired. Descrip-
tive catalogne with colored plate, loc ; to customers without
rhnrge. All orders or itui'iiries by mail will receive careful
attention. Address, FRED. W. KELsEi',

Rochester, N. Y.

PRACTICAL FLORICULTURE.

Bv Petbr Henderson.
A Guide to the successful cultivation of

FLORISTS' PLANTS.

iox ^i Antateur vinA Professional Florist. Illustrated. 288 pages,
umo, cloth. Price, %i 50. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of
price.

Address, CHAS H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

CHOICE STOVE AND GBEENHOOSE PLANTS,

By Benj. S. Williams, F. il. U. S.

With descriptions of upwards of eleven hundred species and
varieties. Intructionsfortnrircultivation and mod ifmanape-
msnt. Illustrated wiih colored fronti-ipicce and numerous
splendid illustrations. 686 I'ages. 2 vols., 12mo, cloth. Price
85.00. Sent by mail post paid on receifit of pric.

Address CHAS II. MAROT.

814 Chestnut fA., Phila.

The Gardener's Monthly

HORTICULTURIST for 1878.

Sub.scrilxTM iire rcqiic-tcd to soul at lea^t one n.w name with tli<;ir o'vn, if po.ssiiile. For thLs atten-
tion, we will f'linii.-lrtlie two at $;!.20 fur iIk; y^-w:.

TWO N K \V .Mil)-criptiotis at %\.'1() ; \\\k'. at S7.00.

RexiioiiKihhi A<iKiilii waiir"il — to wliim a liltural commi.ssioti will b'; allowed, rc^tainable out of subscriptions
secureil an I forwarded. Wi; do not hoi I oiirselv<'s re.sj>oii>il)le for the acts of B'>(/'iix A;/e)its.

Any srbscribt'r who ha-; already renewed his su')scri)ition and )iaid S2.10, may onl«r a new KuliJcriber
at rate of $'\:M the two, by reiuittiny tlie additional $1.10 to balance, and oblige, with thanks for past favora
and eftbrt.s.

All .sub.scriber.s, at whatever rate, are invited to take advantage of our U.st of Club Papers on another
page.

CHAS. H, MAROT, Publisher, 814 Chestnut St., Philadelphia.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADl^ERTISER.

\7^:e] s:e]il.i-.

Everything for the Garden

and ottcT NOW (tVoni June 1st to August Ifith),

CELERY PLANTS.

Half Dwarf, Half White, Boston ^SFarket, Larue White Solid, and Dwarf lied. Any
of the above Celery plants, by mail. Tac. per 100 — By express for $2.50 per 500, $4 per 1 ,000.

CABBAGE PLANTS.

Premium Flat Dutch, Large Drumhead. D'head Savoy, and Ked (for pickling). Any
of the above Cabbage j)lants by mail, 75c. per TOO— By express S2 per 500, or %■?> per 1 ,000.

CAULIFLOWER PLANTS.

Earlv Erfurt and Early Paris. Bv mail S1.50 per 100— By Express $3.50 per 500, or
SGper 1,000. " ' ' *

Full instructions for cultivation of Celery, and all other vegetables, will be found in
our book, " Gardening for Profit,'' price §1.50 each, post-paid, by mail, or to purchasers of
$10 worth and upwards, from this advertisement (naming paper), the book will be sent
without charge.

PETER HENDERSON & CO.,

»?J Covt1an<lf Street^ 'New York,

44 Dey St., New York.

p. O. BOX 899.

IMPORTERS OF BULBS, SEEDS, ETC.

Our this year's import list for Bulbs has been closed on May 15th. "We shall have this Fall a
full supply of various Bulbs, which are being now boueht by our W. Rolker abroad. Would re-
quest Fall orders to be sent early, since first come will be first served ; and first pick is always the
best.

Roman Hyacinths,

Narcissus Paper White, and

Litium candldum,

we expect about middle of August. Prices according to quantity.

x^tjtcih: i3:-3r.A.oi3srxi3:s,

OE,OOXJS,

we expect about end of September. The quality will be as good as personal supervision can
reasonably insure. All sorts of

FLORISTS' SUPPLIES

CONSTANTLY ON HAND.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

DINGEE & CONABD CO.

ROSE GIOWERS.

Our Great Specialty is Growing and Distributing

ROSES.

We Offer But One Size Strong Plants l^vom Small Pots,

Price by Express. — Purchaser paying express charges, S7 per hundred, $60 per thousand.
Price by Mail. — Postage prepaid by us, S7.50 per hundred, S64 per thousand.

FLORISTS CAN REPLENISH THEIR STOCK AT ANY TIME.

We ship Roses safely by mail or express every working day in the year.

NO DANGER FROM HEAT OR FROST.
SAFE CARRIAGE ALWAYS GUARANTEED.

Our Stock contains the choicest sorts, both new and old.

We import from Europe all the finest new varieties as fast a.s they appear. We grow the
most desirable kinds for Florists' use in largest quantity.

We give away to our Customers, every year, more than

TEN THOUSAND ROSES in PREMIUMS.

We strive, by prompt attention and liberal treatment, to please all who favor us with their
orders.

The prices named in this advertisement are intended for Florists and Dealers only. Descrip-
tive lists on application.

A.BR.. THE DIITGEE & COITAIID CO.,

WEST GROVE, CHESTER CO., PA.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER

[ESST^A-IOIjISHEID 18-^4.1

HITCHINGS & CO.,

No. 233 Mercer Street,

Between Bleecker and West 3d Streets,

NEW YORK.

Offer their very XiAirge Stock of

(^^

./

. I

/^oC-J^^Oit

At prices lower than at any time
within the past thirty years.

Patent Corrugated Fire Box Boilers,
Conical Boilers,

Saddle Boilers and
Base Burning Water Heaters;

Heating Pipes and Pipe Fittings

OF EVERY DESCRIPTION AND SIZE,

SASH-LIFTING- APPARATUS

OF MOST APPROVED FORMS.

S«nd 6 oonts postage for Catalogue, References
and I_ist of Prices.

-^

y^.w.r/toYdn

7 HE nORTJCULrUK.U. A Dl' h.Rf ISIIR

M. M. BAYERSDORFER $c CO.

56 North Fourth Street,

PHILADELPHIA, PA.

"^^ ^% \S'- l.r- tn rail fl^ft allt-nlion of the WHOLESALE and I{Fi:TA1L TItADK in

' ii, FLORISTS' GOODS lo our w. 11 j.a-orted .-lock for lli.- Full hchsmi:

j BOQUET PAPER (Italiens,)

, ^ I I 'Main W hill- KdiiC's, (Jolil Mild Silvoi E'lgpp, Pflstpd CartooiiP, White Salin for IJriilal

' X^^l/ I H'lqii'f-, Fiinry Luce Papir.s for Wi'(lini!,s, Kecepi ions and Paifits.

IMMORTELLES,

(Org nil buncheB, selected hy one of our firm.) White
and all culois.

DRIED GRASSES AND FLOWERS,

111 >ii.:it varit'iies and fctyk-B; vtry suitui)ie Jor oruamental purposes. flU- ' ' V/''

BASKETS, Mil , l^%.^_,

i;r..vMi var./slird Willow Ba-kf^s. Wh'^nt S'raw and While Gilt Baskets. ^4VV ^ ' -"^v^^"^

ORNAMENTAL GRASS BOQUETS, E '-^^

FRENCH GREEN MOSSES, #

TIN FOIL, Best m Mxrket,

WIRE DESIGNS for CUT FLOWERS.

Prize Medal of Cincinniiti Inrliistrial Exposition of 1873; Medal and Diploma of lutuniational
KxpoBitiou of 187T. '■^For hfnt (hn^iilai/ of Hoqiict Papem."

Send orders early in Fall. Illustrated Catalogue furnished eratia on application. t.aug.tt

J^*>^<.*^.

GREENHOUSES, GRAPERIES, Etc.

Their Construction a Specialty. Experience of 20 Years.

SHIPPED TO ALL PARTS OF THE COUNTRY. ^ S-nd for catalogue. Address,

LORD'S HORTICULTURAL WORKS,

janel2

Irvington-on-Hudson, New. York.

'THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

Anthericum Vitatum Variegatum,

FROM THE CAPE OF GOOD HOPE.

This is certainly one of I he finest of this ehiss of

ORNAMENTAL FOLIAGE PLANTS

That has been offered for years. Leaves fifteen to twenty inches lon'^, crracefully recurved; very
bright orreen ; deeply ed^ed and striped with white. It has been compared by many to Pandanus
Veitchii, which it resembles in its general appearance. Ea.sily grown in any greenhouse or
■window. A beautiful plant for the center of stands and vases. Said to be quite hardy.

I^I^ICE, STI^03>TC3- I^nL..A.lSrTS, $1.50 E^A^OHC-

IVIy Catalogue of New Plants for Spring of 1878

Kow ready, and will be mailed free to all on application. Terms, cash with the order.

. K. HARRIS, Kingsessing Nurseries,

5501 JJarhy Road, I^hiladelphia*

febia.

Landscape Gardeners,

SMITH & BUTLER,
Newport, Rhode Island.

Plans and estimates given for any part of the country.

DSVI2

THE AMERICAN

steamship romp-.ny of Philadelphia. Philadelphia & Liverpool
Line 'I'he oulv 'i rans Athmtic line sailinfr under the Aiiierl-
•cau Flag. Sail njr ev. rv Tliursday Ironi Philadfl|)liia, and
Wednesday from Liverpool.

The Red Star Line,

C'lrryinsr the Belgian and Inited S'ates Mails. Sailing every
t-welve days, aliernutely from Philadelphia and New York.
Direct and only

TO ANTWERP.

The Ameriran nnd Red Siar Lines lieinsr under one manage-
ment, Exi-nrpiion t-ckets are yood to rftnili by eithtT, thus sav--
inp the • xpense anrl annoyance of re-crosj-inir the C'liannel.

For rat ;s of pHssni.'e aid g neial infonniit'fyn apply to ;

apltf JfliTK/t iVRlGHT & soys, t'hi'l, O^n'l AffUt.

WANT TO LEASE

One, two or three Oreenhouses. Addreps

R. C. POPPEV. 24« f'hnrch .-t., Poiighkeepsie, N. T.

100 000 C l«l)iL'ep':ini.s, ati;2pir l.oiin, Sif, |),r lU.OOO; J50 cents
p-r '0', hv tiviil; TS.OOit C'.-lei v I'lants, cut b icU and hardened,
at $3 perl.diMl: $2U per 10 I'OO; 75 rents i^er K'O. by mail. All
lar^e, healthy nla' t-", of best nnirket sorts. Also, iill kinds <>f
Greenhoii.se, Bcddii gand V'.'>.rpiable PI nts, at low prices. Cir-
cular containinir full iiiformHtion and clieapest $1 collections
of Bedding I'lants ever offend, free. A. C. NELLI8,

Floiisr and .Seedsman. CanHJohaiif!, Montgomery Co.. N. Y.

P. S.— VVanffd, the andressts of a few reliable seed growers,
and what their .specialties are.

NEW PLANTS, GE^ANlu¥s7&C.

New Double (ieraniura*, 'IT. Price $6 per doz.; 60c. each.
Baiaclaii, Cusiinir Perier, Charles Vogt. Ur. Cuigut-au, Dr.
.Jiic.by, Ernest Lanth, Jean Dcdifns, Lafayette. M. de iVlercere,
^Mad Cirangeoge, M. V\ addinelon, Prest. Leon Simon.

N.-— Double Geranium. Jenny Reed. Price $9 per doz.;.
$1 00 esch

New I) luble Geraniums, '76. Price $3 per doz ; ?0c. each.
Adelade Hhinclies, A^teroid, Autzusve Villiaucn, Eugene Ban-
doiu. iidourard Lequin. Louis Boulard, Mad. Thiiiint, Meitior
Fla^g, Mdle. .Marie Fillon, Noeniie, The Ghost, Wilfred. Won-
derful, George Sand. Guillon Mangelii, Sou/enir de I'astile. -,

New Double Geranium, Bishop Wood. Prices 50c. each.

New SinL'le Geraniums, '77. Price $6 per doz ; (iOc. each.
Alsiice-Lnrraine, D-ivwin, £d. About. Erkinann-Chatrian,
.Mdle. Kdwig Bellot, Octavie. Pahellon. P. L. Coriiier.

New ^ingle Geraniums, '76. Price $B per doz.; HOc. each.
A. Hend.;r8on, Clem^nce Boucard, Dazzier, Jealousy, Key.
VV'm. Atkinson, Mrs. Kerrage.

New Geraniums, Fanny and Ralph. 25c. each, $1.T."5 per
doz., tl2..50 per hundred. See description, page 76, Gardener's
Monthly. »f -Marcti.

."^ ew Doubl Ivy Leaf Gpranium. Price 50c. each. La Fi-
ancee. Lii -ic- Lemont, Penoncule.

C)leus. 24 leading varieties. $4. Pansfes. finest strain in the
country, $2..50 per 100. Pi tunias. finest double. $6. V.rbenaa,
strong healthy plants, eood leadini; varieties, named, $^. He-
liotrope, ten tine varieties, $6. Heliotrope, Mud. de B!onay,$1.5f
perd'Z.

No order shipped from this list for less amount than $.5. Six
of a kind at d' zen riites; 25 a' hundred rates. For smiiUer
Hmouuts and gn ater varieties 'ee our P' ^;(Tip'i'•e Catflloguc,
mailed on .ipplication. CHICAGO FLORAL CO.,
aplH Thirtx-eiuhth St. liiMl «ir:iMl I'.oiiK viird. *i n-iigo iiK

Roses, Roses, By Mail.

10 Beautiful Ever-Blooniinc KoS'S, po.«tpaid to any address,
for $1,110, purcha.str's selection. All the best variities. The
hi'ct indui cnieids oticied to piirchnscr.'. of Gr' enhouse and
Beddii'U Plants in the U. 8. lor Spring of lh7s. All plants
warrai.ted to reach the purchaser in good condition. Cata-
logues Free, and send for one before pHrchasing > Isewhere.
Address W. H. HKENNEMAW,

teb 6 Hurrisburg, Pa.

fr

THE I/OR TICUL TUKAL A D \ F.R J ISI'. R.

ORGAN

m A |k|^ Reantiful Couoert (JraDtl
\*'^ " » Vr PLinnx, ro><t 9l,(i<>0 oiili
♦ •■•J."». Sii|>.ili(iriiiid Square J'miioM.niHr 9I,H><> i>iil\ jj-i^.r..
Klei;ii"t l|.ri;:ht I'mno-. cont §•«><> 'm'j *••'»•'»• N'-wM)''"
lIoriL'ht I'i.iinih, Slfi.-'iO. OrKaiiH S35. t )ri.';ii:c. 1< smi>h,
974.50. Chiircli Oru'iii't*. US f.|op!.. cdhI «:{1M>, only »I I'».
KltL'ttri! %\i1Ty Miiritr top OrL'iinH. only Sior*. ■I'rcinfiiiloim
i««crilU<' to cl<i.-c out i)lL's»'nt slock. ImiiniiH*? Now Sti-iini
Fnctory soon to l>o crfcti-cl. Nc\V!<|irti"T willi iiiiich iiifwrina-
tlon al»out io«t I'iaiioH nu<l HrL'iiiic SKXT Kl«KK. I'lciini!
addrcM DAXI*- I- K. UKATTV,

tJDneS WaHliliif^toii, N. .1.

Farm for Sale,

Near Worcester, Mass.

Ill fill till- bariraiiiH odiTfd liv WeHtcni rllMrollf'^' ilut yon over

Hi'c nii.vtliiriK ciiniil to tliin? $l,'i.S>< an acri' and ilx- biiilclinge-

ttirovsn ill (tin- li-nrii< on lint Inrni cont nnirr than tliif), Ci ucrcB

' 1\ miloH from ili-poI ; line wood lot, (MM) cordM ; now k<-<-|)H .'<

' rowo, ran caeily be made to keep «i.\ ; mowed liy macldnc; flO'

! eholce Iriiit Ireec; l)ord<Ted by trout Itrook. ('ottai.'e, rt rooms,

i)ainte(l and pnperi'd. Harn ;n>x.'>(>. wa^ron lioiisc, etc., only
!HiW), part (•a5b, balance f-Vl a year. The wood wlien marketed
will i)ay for the farm. Heineniber tliip i« not a lii>;hly colored
description, hut was taken trom the owner ripht on the farm.
Tliin, with hundred.* of better farmK, fully deniribed In our
list, pos*t paid to any addrecn.

GEO. H. CHAPIN,

june6

HertUd Jiuiidluf/, Hoston.

PRESERVING, PICKLING AND CANNING FRL'IT.

By Mrc. .M. K. Peterson.

Cintaininp a choice collection of receipts of I'reservluf;,

PickliniLT, and (,'aiiiiing Fruits, many of them htiug original from

housewives ot experience. 72 patjt'i*, Itinio, Cloth. Price 60

ceuts. Sent by mail, post-paid, on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila,

Is donble-acting, throws a continuous stream 40 feet. Uselnl
for fiprinkliug lawns and roads, washing windows, extin^uii-h-
Ine fires, etc. Very simple, durable, and easy to work Price
complete, $7.00. Manufactured only by the The Ameri-
can Maclitne Co., Noa. 191B-!i4 North Fourth St.,
Philadelphia. Also manufacturers of Fluting, Wringing
and Plaiting .Machines. Mrs. Potts' Cold-bandle baid-irons and
other specialties.

PEACH TREES

BUDDED TO ORDER.

I am prepared to hnd special lists of Peach trees. Orders for
jTine budding should be in by June 20th. The trees delivered
this fall or next spring for fall budding, order-* f hould be in by
Anguit Ist. From the latter trees delivered in fall of 1879 or
spring of 1S80.

RANDOLPH PETERS,
Great Northern and Southern Nurseries,
jont Wilmington, Delaware.

Tobacco Stems,

For Fumigating purposes, for sale in bales of about 400
lbs., free on boat or cars at $6 per bale, or three bab 8 or $12
On one order.

STRAITON & STORM,

mngia

17 S ,{ ISO rtail street.

New Yokk City.

5000

Agents Wanted to subscribe for the Agents'
Ji urnal. A handsomely bound 24 page Jour-
sal Di im lull of inti rest to Agents. Every agent should see a
copy of it. Send Postal Card for .Specimen Copy. , Agents'
Journal, N. Y. * janl2

mm OF SMALL FRUIT CULTURL

BV E. P. UOK,

("The chapter on picking and marketing is eminently practi-
cal and sensible." — A nicrican AgricuUurinl.)

How to raise and market Strawberries, Haspberries, Cnrranls,
Gooseberries, Hlackberries, &c. 82 pages, S vo., paper, price
50 cents. Mailed post-paid on receipt of price. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Cheetnnt St.. Phila.

Uj Wholesale^l Descriptire Catilogue?

GREENflOUSE"»BE00IIG PLANTS

Roses, Evergreens, Shrubs,

FLOWER AND VEGETABLE SEEDS, Ac,

Mailed to all Applicants*.

WM. C. WILSON,

Astoria, Ijonff Island.

may-2 New York City Office-43 West 14th Stt

25

FASHION' BLE CARDS no two alike, with.

name, lOr. 2U Scroll, with name, 10c. , post paid. Agenti'fr

outfit 10 c.

novl2 GEO. I. KEED & (XV, NasBsua, N. Y.

WALTER ELDER,.

LA.JfI>S€APK A\T> ,K)HUIAG (iARUKNlSR,

Vii\ Itodmaii Street, Philadelphia^
Attends t« all branches of his business on reasonable terms.

G R V PE^CUITt ll R ^ L I Sl\

By Anilreu- 8. I'ullor.

A treat is" on the Cultivation of the Nat' ve Grr-.p- Illustrated.
28G p;i!?t.s_ 12nio, eloth. I'rice f 1 -^(1. Si'Ut liy mail pO;t-paid on.
receipt of j rice.

Address Cn..VS IT. MAROT,

814 Che^iiut Si., Phila

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

m WiLESJLE m GENERftL CftTALOGOES

OF

GREENHOUSE, BEDDING

PLANTS, BULBS, FRUIT TREES,

SHRUBS, SEEDS, etc.,

Mailed to all applicants.

\V. C. AVIL.SOX, FIorlHt, Astoria, L.. I.

Citg Ojgice, 45 Went Uth St., Xmr York.

' J. B. HICKMA\,

San .Tnan, San BeD'tj Co., Cal., collector of Bnlbe and Seed? of
California Wild Flowers. tmay6

How to Raise Fruits.

BY THOMAS GKEOO.

A Haiifl-book of Fniit Culture being a Guide to the proper
('ultivatlon and Management ot Fruit Trees, and of Grapes and
Small Fruits. 184 pages, 12mo, cloth, fully illustrated. Price
fl.OO. Sent by mail post-paid, on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

, 814 Chesnut Street, Philadelphia.

(Greenhouses for Sale,

With 8 acres of land, dwelling house and stable, three-quarters
of a mile from Turtle Creek Station, 13 miles from Pittsburgh,
consisting of 1 house 200 ft. by 32 ft. ; 1 house 220 ft. by Ifift. ;
1 house 30 ft. by 10 ft., all connected and heated by water ;
intended for growing cut-flowers. Possession given about -Tuly
Ist. Also Boup Station Greenhouses, 4 miles from Pittsburgh,
consisting of 4 houses, each 100 ft. by 11 ft. ; 5 houses, each 60
ft. by 11 ft., all connected and heated by steam. Specially
adapted for growing plants for Spring ti-ade. Located in
richest rural neighbortiood of Pittsburgh. Possession given
about 15th of July. All above nearly new and in first-class
order, and on line Pennsylvania R. R.
For further information apply to

le. iL.-z"D^E]:2^

Rear of 428 Walnut Street, Philadelphia.

Manufacture of PLAIN and FANCY V.'IRE-WORK, for FLO-
RISTS ; Wreathe f^roi^ses, Stars, Crowns, Hearts, Anchors,
Birds, Lambs. Gipsy Baski-t^s, Hanging Baskets, Flower Stands,
&c.. latest designs.

The NOVELTY BUTTERFLY, for Cut-Flower Designs, is a
great allraction. Assorted sizes and colors, 60 cents for 10.

sin Oiu. 10 In. 12 In

Wire Hanging Baskets, painted, 1.00 1.2S 1.60 2.00 per doB.
" galvanized, 1.25 1.60 1.75 2 50
SEND FOR PRICK LIST. t-feb-tf

BY BENJ. F. WILLIAMS, P. R. H. S.

Containing descriptions of 930 Species and Varieties of
OrcliidaceoiiB Plniits with notices of times of flowering,
approved modes of treatment and practical instructions on
general culture. Remarks on heat, moisture, soil, seaeone
of growth and rest sniied to the several species.
FIFTH EDITION ENLARGED WITH COLORED FRONTISPICE
and numerous beamiful illustrations, 336 Pages 1^ »no.
Cloth. Price $3.50. Sent by mail, postage tree on receipt

of price.

4th edition of the al>ove work also on hand, 3f10 pages 12 mo.
cloth, illustrated. Price $2.50. Se; t by mail, postage free, on
receipt of price. Address

CHAS. H. MAROT,
814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

25

ELEGANT CARDS, no two alike, with name, 10c. ; or 10
Comic Photos or Actresses, lOc; or 20 Fine Scroll Cards,
20 styles no name, lOc, post-paid.
octi2 J. B. HuBTBD, liassuft, N. Y.

may:t

RODMAN WISTER,

117 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pa.

mall jroa and them f.nr IlliislrnlKl Price Li<t of Cratft and BaskeU.
Our Improred Crate is the best ventilated, neatest, lichlest and
•Irencrett ever mHrie, while onr Hinkeln are neat, tlT'-ng. and o ) the
knt Tentilalcd. Prices low. DISBROW MF'G Co.. Rocheiter, N.Y.

GUIDE TO THE STUDY OF INSECTS.

By A. S. Packard, Jr., M.D.

.\lso a Treatise on those Injurious and Beneficial to

'>v^. For the use of Colleges, Farms, Schools and Agriculturists.

lllusii.ued with II plates, and 650 wood-cuts. 70,! pages, 8vo,

etoth. Prici, 1J6.00. Sent by by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

.\ddre*. CHA.S. H. MAROT,

S14 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

AMERICAN FLOWER GARDEN DrRECfORY.

By Robert Buist.
With practical directions for the Culture of Plants in Flower-
Oardt-n, Hot-H'-tise, Green-Hou.se, Rooms, or Parlor Windows,
for ever7 month of the year. Instructions for erectinij Hot-
house, Greet house, and laying out a Flower garden. Instruc-
tion for cultivating, propagating, pruning and training the
Grapj vine and description of be.st sorts lor the open air. 342
pa«e6, l:2mo, cloth. Price$l 50. Sent by mail post paid on receipt
of price. CHAS. U. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St. PhUa.

SMALL FRUIT CULTURIST.

BY ANDREW S. FUI-LRK.

Giving Description, History, Cultivation, Propagation, DIs-
Aftsea, Ac.

Beautifully Illustrated.

276 pages, I'imo, cloth. Price $1..50. Sent by mail, post-paid
on receipt of price. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT. 814 Chestnut , St., Phila.

FRUIT AND BREAD.

A Natural and Scientiflc Uiet.

BY GUSTAV 8CHL1CKEY8EN.

Translated from the <)erman by M. L. Holbrook. M. D. In-
tended to show what is the natural food ot man ; to lead him to
become a living child of nature; to simplify and beautify his
manner of living; to emancipate women from the drudgery of
the kitchen ; to lead to increased nse of fruit ; to diraich the use
of flesh, and where possible, to do away with its use altogether;
to improve the health and add to the enjoyments and v^lue of
life. Cloth, 250 pages; 12mo. illustrated. Price, $1. Sent by
mail post-paid on receipt of price. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

The Farmer's Account Book

A Complete System <if Book-Keeping for Karmcra,
Planters and Gardeners,

BT A. L. CAMPFIKLD.

Evti-y one should keep a strict account of all business trans-
actions, and thereby save much trouble that comes of neglect.
This is a plain, practical system of Ixiok-keeping, easily nnder-
ptood, and especially adapted to the wants of the Farmer.
Full instructions in each book. Can be carried in an ordinary
pocket; 180 pages, bound in sheep skin. Price 75 cents. Mailed
postage free on receipt of price. Add ress

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

PEAR CULTURE FOR PROFIT.

BT P. T. tjniNN.

A practlcjil Horticulturist and author of "Money in the Garden."
Containing practical method of raising Pears intelligently and
with best results; character of soil, best mode of preparing it;
best varieties U) select under existing conditions ; best mone of
planting, jiruning, fertilizing, grafting, luid utilizing the ground
before the treis come Into bearing, and finally gatheriiig and
parking for market. Illustrated with practical cuts on prunning
and grafting, distance table and orchard record. 13<; pages, 12
nu). cloth. Price $1. Sent by mail, post-paid on receipt of
pri. < . . . N. j,jj^jj, j^_ MAROT^814 Chestnut St.. Phila.

LONDON GARDENER'S CHRONICLE

Will be furnished, post-paid, direct to "uhscribers in the IT. S.

for $7.50 per ) ear. Apply to

uovM CHAS. H. MAKOT, Agent, HU Vhestimi i^., Phila.

/•///•, II Oh' rn 7 7. 77 RAL / Dl'EN IISI-R.

SOUTHERN ENTERPRISE

K(ir llic Divrl'ij 1,1 oi mir Miiliiial Kc-soiir.-if, divut.-d In

liiiinieraHini. Siuilhrni rrrif;riKS, Nuiicitml I'roHp. rilv, llii|>ii>
JtiirnI l.ifo thioii};'' '*">t''i<'"l H-irtlcullnri', KUnali'd Ai;rl<-.ul"-
turc ^thi- fiiniicr liuiii-; the cradle of the latter), i)iv<>r8ifliHl
Indii^'tric^, i-Ic, is

PUBLISHED AT ATLANTA, QA., FOE $1 PER ANNUM.

S. 'I'. .IKSKINM, Kdili.r arjd rrciciiili'i ; .1. S. Nluman, As^-o-
»lnti' Kdilor. Uoci'ivi- — iin|»iiit ; kiiim — be kuowii. KviTylliing
•hall lie Bacrjflcod to relmhilili . fel» Vt \

TcLECRAPH ENCINEbR,

Office & Salesroom ISO B'waj, N. Y. City. P. 0. Box 4261

MHiiiilHetiiriT nl hiiiI flcHliT in 'rele^riiph Apparatus, and »iip-
plleH ol all kiluU. 'l'eU';;ruph Lim-^ Itiiilt and fc^quippi-d wllli
'relephoneH. l>ialf» or other npparaluH. Sole inanufaclurer of
the •'Umiker'.x and HrokrrV Check I'rotector," au ah.'olutu pro-
tucli(Mi ufjiiiist traiidiiltnl raiHliij; ot properly written clieekn,
ite. Heeoinniended and In uxe by the I'liblJHher of thix Jour-
nal, and by Baukx, Kankerx, and KMHinui>H Men generally. Ini6

PRACTICAL HINTS Plants Genuine! Packed Free!!

On ilie selei-tlon ami u^

MICROSCOPE,

luteiid'd lor In i,'innirf , by John I'iiin.
Kditor of the Am. .Journal of Ancroscopy. Knlar^jed edition.
Protu<ely illustrated; IHl pp., I2inu., cloth; price, 75 ct8.
Mailed post-paid on receipt of price. A'ldre.«s,

(."HAS. H. MAKv)T, 814 lUiertnut St.. Phtla.

SECOND HAND BOOKS.

Hy Mail on Receipt of J'rice.

Speak Quickly if You Want Them.

W.Say in your order ".Second-hand Li9t."_jaJ

'I'honias .J. J., farm Itnpleinenta

" " American Kniit CUilturist .

Planters' Guide ....

Doiialdnou'.-i MamircH, (irass and farming

DowuinpV Rural Essays

'• Fruits and Fruit Tree* of America, 1 copy at

" " " " 1 copy at

" " " " 1 copy at

" Laudf cape hardening and Rural Architecture,

" Cottace Kesidences - - -

Christy's Chemistry of Afiriculture

Anderson's Agricultural Chemistry

Lefbeg's Familiar Letters on C.hemiat'-y

Beet i^ult'ire and Beet Sugar, by Childs .

French's Farm Drain ige

Cliorltou's Grape Growers' Guide, 1 copy at

Reemelin's Viue-dresaer's Manual,
Wood's Class-book of Botany

" " " for .S<'1ioo1h,

*' Object Lesson" in Botany
Farmers' Kucyulopie.lia . .

Marazatby'ti Grape Culture and Wine Making

Mead's •• " "

Munn's Practical F.aiid ttraiuer

Buist'H Family Kitchen Gardener

Todd's How to Mtke Farming Pay

Liebeg'ti Farmer-' Chemistry. 1394 pages, 8 vo.

Johneon's Agricultural Chemietry

Woodward's Rural Art

Saunder'H Domestic Poultry

Ten Acres Enough . . - .

Downing's Cottage Residences (Svo.)

McMaliiin's American (iardeuer

Mc ntosb's Orchard, with colored jjlates, .

" (ireeiihouse with cilored plalesf.
What I Know of ■- arming (Greeley)
Field's Pear Culture ....
Quinby's Bee Keeping .

Kovd s Philadelphia Busiuesa Directory (1877-78) .
Cojieland'S Country L'fe.
Tobacco and its Culture. BiUing=.,
Lang>truth on Iheiioney Bee
Floral Oecoraiions for Dwelling Houses, .
Loudou'8 iSueyclopaedia of Agriculture, % Tky.

" • " GardBuing, "

" ■" Cottage Architecture. >(i 'J'ky.

Horticulturist, y, Tky., (goo.-l a» new) 3 vols., IS.'i.'i, 1S56,

and 1-57, $2 50 each
Hovey's Maga/.iue, 17 vols, octavo "

Henderson's Gardening for Plea.sure

Address, CKA.S. H. M \KI)T, ,SU Chestnut St.,

$1 00
1 25

1 .MJ

2 00
1 50

3 00
5 00

1 2ft

3 00

2 00
75

1 00

1 00
75

\ 00
60
75
75

2 51)
1 (HI

1 4

?, 00

2 00

4 iiO
8 (lU

.-lO

2 Ol)

3 .50

2 00
75
75

1 00

I 511

1 li^

?, (10

3 00
1 On
1 Ol

1 25
75

2 .5(1
2 2.^
1 '^'5
1 25
T .51 •
7 511

, 7 £0

7 .50

10 00

1 25

Phila.

A ^\ ^\t\^\ Ag<!ntj» Wanted to sell our newly Patented
I \3i\tKMK3 Novelties. Chromos,.rewelrv, Watches. Ke-
»olviTS, bngiaviiigs, Book^, &c. ."^tatii nerv Packages $10 per
hund. Special terms given to Aeents everywhere. The best
nrices ever offered. Mammoth Cataloirue with Samples free.
ianl2 R. L. FLETCHER, 11 Dey St., N. Y,

Brandywine (S-squico) lia^ptterne.M and Wil^on'H Karly Jilack-
berries trom .stock that produced the (^enltiinial prize berries ;
$1..50 per 100, $12 per lOOO; Klttatiny and Lawton $h per UKH) ;
Slrawh.rries, Great American, $1 per in, $.5per 100, $4U per KMIO;
l>Hcliesse, I'routy, $1(1 per 10(10; Capt. Jack, Cumberland, 'I'ri-
umph, .Jucunda, Sterling, $5; Boyden, No. 30, Triomphe de
(iaiid, Duncan, $4 ; Col.'cheen.v, Agricultnri.st, Champiou, $3 ;
Albany, Monarch of West, .-^tar oi SVesl, (;has. Downing, Ken-
tucky, Gri^en Prolitic, $2. Order now oi

JOHN S. COLLINS.

Mooretttotott, N. J.

zz.i^]\rx3-:^o ozs:

PRACTICAL LANDSCAPE

GARDENING.

BY P. R. ELLIOTT

Designed tor City and .Suburban Kesidcuces, and Country
School- Houses ; contaii.ing designs for lots and grounds, from a
hit 30 by 100, t« a forty-acre plot. Each plan is drawn to scale,
with schedule to eacth, showing win re each tree, shrub. Ac,
should l)t planted; condeii.-^eil instructions for foiming and car-
ing tor la wu.s ; building ol road.- ; turtiiig, prot ctio.i, pruning
and care of trees ; making (;utlinge. evergreens, hedges, screens,
&c. Condensed (iescriptionsof all the leading trees an(i shrubs;
^oil and position in which they should be grown. Illustrations of
ground plans, elevations, trees, sbriib-*, winter girdening, &c.
96 pp., s vo. (loth. Price $1..50. Sent by n ail on receipt of
price. Address,

CHAS. H. M \r\>T, 814 Chestnut St., Philadelphia.

The Gardener's Monthly.

THE FOLLOWINMi

BACK NUMBERS

WANTED, IN

o-ooni) oo3>TnDia?io3sr.

April, ISIiO.

A lift list, IHiHK
Si)itrniher, "
nrtohrr. "'

Noiu-tnhcr, "
Drcinnhev, "
.Inuuinu, 1S70.
Jalij,

IKirinhii; IS70,
•finiiDi ri/, IS7'J,
tfiiiiini rif, IS7:i.
J}m-inhrr, *'
Jiniiiiirj/, lS7-t.

Frhriiiiri/, *'
Ai/j/itKf,' "

Junitanj, 1S7S.

J'fhviKtry, 1H75.
Mfi rrli, *'

Januarif, lS7(i.
.Jiinnorif, 1S77.
yi-Uruary, ''
March, "

A It ff list, **

Receivable in exchange on .Subscription account, or exchang-
able for other nuiub-rs not in ah iv-; list. Send numbers pre-
paid by mail, and advise the puUlislier. Addr 'ss,

CKAS. H. MAROT,

814 CUeHtnut St., Phll».

Art of Propagation.

A Hand book for Nurserymen. Florists, Gardeners, and
Kverybody, 32 pag s octavo, paper, illnstrattd w th 25
cii's, price .50 cts. Mailed, po.stage free, on receipt of price.
Address

CHAS. H. MAROT,

f>14 ( heetunt St , Phila.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

A. F. CHATFIELD,

IMPORTER AND GROWER OF

EAST INDIAN

ORCHIDS.

PRICES ON APPLICATION.

Albiii.y. N. Y., March 1. 1S78.

mchtf

SUBTROPICAL GARDEN;

Or, Heaut;/ of Form in the Ffowr Garden.

By W. RobiiisoD, FM.S.
Beautifully illustrated. 241 pasres, l2mo, clotb. Price, 12.75.
Mailed, poritage free, on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAKOT,

S14 Chestnut St., Phila.

: BOOK OF ROSES.

j By rninois Parknmiu

I)i«i'ription. Cultivation a-d Propagation. Beautifully illusv-
tra ed. 22-5 pagi-a, 12mi), cloih. Prioe Si. 50. S^ut by mail
post-paid on receipt of price.

Addresa CHAS. H. MAROT.

SUCh^tn.'t at., Phila.

ROSES AND ROSE CULTURE?

By Wm. Paul, F.R H.S.
The rationale of Rose cultivation in a nut-shell. Intended to
place within a small compass all that is necessary for the success&il
cultivation of the " Queen of Flowers." 83 pages, izmo, paper-
boards. Price, CO cents. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of
price. Address,

CHAS. H MAROT,
814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

rTARSONS"ON~THE~ROSK

'' By Samuel B. Parsons.

A treatise on the Propagation, Culture and History of tl»«
Rose Illustrated. 21.5 ppgea 12mo, cloth. Price $1.50. Sent
by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Addresa CHAS. H. Mi ROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phil*.

ART OF GRAFTING AND BUDDING,

By Charles Baltet.
Appropriately and tully illustrated by i-nts, showing meth-
ods, tools and appliances. 230 pag>r<, 12mo, cloth. Price.
$2.00. Mailed, postat;e free, on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT.

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

Fruit Grower's* Hand- Book.

By F. R. Elliott, ftuthor of "Western Fruit Growers'
Ouide," (one of the b -st p )sted meu on the subject in the
United States). Contains me oractice ou all snbJHCts connec-
ted with Iruit growing. The hook is raa^e tor those who grow
fruit for tlieir own iHe. Also an Appendix, containing matter
relating to the selection anil cnlrure of urnamental Trees,
Ro.'»es, Plants, &c. Illustrated with 45 wood-cuts, 1 0 pages,
16mo cloth, $1 ; paper, 60 cts. Sent by mail postjjaid on re-
ceipt of price. Address

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

THE VEGETABLE GARDEIT.

BY .lAMES HOOO.

A complete gu'rie to the cnltivs.tiou of Vegetables, contain-
ing thorough instructions for Sowing, Planting and Cultiva-
ting all kinds of Vr^etahles; with plain directions for prepar-
ing, manuring and tilling the soil to suit each plant ; including
also a suroruaiT of the work to be done in a vegetabli- garden
during each nioutb of the year. 137 pages, Ifimo., cloth. II-
instrated. Price 50 cents; sent by mail, postpaid, on receipt
of price. Addres-*'

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnr.t St., Phila.

AMERICAN FRUIT CULTURIST.

BY JOir.N J. ailOMAd.

Practical directions for the Cultivation of Fruit Trees in the

NURSERY. ORCHARD AND GARDEN.

Descriptions of the principal American ai'l Foreign \aricfi'-3.
Plain Edition, 480 engravines, 511 pages, 12 mo. Price, $3. Oft
Mailed po-<:-paid on receipt of price.

^irKxtra Edition, 576 pages, heavy paner, fine cloth, 508

illu Irations and ciirorao IrontL^piece; mailed, for t3.75."^^

Address CHAS. H. MAEOT. 814 Chestcu- St.. Philrf

B TJ L S S.

Dy Edwahd Spkjvgub Rand, Jk.

A treatise on Hai-dy and Tender Bulbs and Tubers. 357 pages,
izmo, clolh. Price, gi.50. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt

Address. CHAS. H. MAROT.

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

HowTo Paint

A New Work by a Prartl«-al Painter, deslrn
ed for the use of 'I'radeHitieii, ITIcrliaiilcn,

;t|erchai«t«i Fannern, and as a Guide to Fro-
lentloiial PaiiiterH. Containing a Plain Com-
mon-Sense Statement of the Melho.l8 employed by
Painters to produce satisfactory results in Plain
and Paiicy Paliilliiijof every description, iuc'ud
ing FuriniilaM for ITIIxiiijf Paint in Oil or
Water, Tools required, etc. This is just the Book
needed by any person having anything to paint, and
makes

"Every Mar His Own Painter.'
Full Directions fr Jging Wiiile Lcad-I.ainp-
Blacit— <ireer - VpII€>\v — «ro wii— \* lill-
lii;; — (aiife - Pumice Stone — Spirit* •>!
Tiirpeutlr i— «>il» ~ VariLiMlien - F 11 ru I-
ture VariiiMii — JTlilk Faitil - PreparJiiii
KalMOUiiiie, etc.

Painl for Outbuildings

— WhItewaNlj— Paste for Papor-Hanuimj-
Haii:2;iii:>: Paper— 4i rain in:; in Oali, .TIaple,
ICoMcwoocI, Kl'ick Ualiiiit — Ntaininie—
Deoalooniania— .^lal^ini; ItuMtic l'ii-l:ir»»«

— Paiiitiiiu Flo\« er-.SlaiKlM — ICoMewood
PoMmIi — >'ariiisliiii<£ FuriiUiirc— Wax-
ing t< iirnitiire— <'leaiiInK Paint—

Paint for Farming Tools

-for .TIacIiincry— H[oii.<<eliold Fixture*!, etc

To Paint a Farm Wagon

—to i{e-\ »rni«li a Currlsiy:e— to mak.i Piax-
ter t'awtw. The work is neatly prir\ted. with illii*
tratious wherever they can serve to make the subject
plainer, and 11 will save many timcM its cont
yearly. Every family should possess a copy. Price
OT mall, po^t-paid, f 1.

CHAKl.ES H. MAKOT,

814 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, Pa

10

'/•///• II OK IK Y L ILK A 1. API V-.A' USER.

ARITHMETIC MADE EASY.

ROPP'S EASY CALCULATOR

Is a ti«w piibllciition fliilt mufl pmvr iit iiuilciilHlil.- l)iiiflll to
FariutTK, .M.vhHiilcsund 15ll^in<•^'S men. It inHo rn/n./iiiulori^i-
fm/ tiH to utiirlk- tin- iiKi-t K-liol.illv. liiul yet s<)«im/.;.- lUid }<rac-
ixcal that the inoci illiterale In Ik'Hrcs < an MMhintanetntMy
luMiiini' Ills (iwii a.-couiilaiit. It ciialilrs lli(iiisaii(ln to (ir<-.<7H-
/»/mA ill a Kiiniilt- wliat tlicy i-oiilil not Warn to caloulato in many
luontliri. i- rr. ui

The fln»t part oontiiinln>: an entirely -Mxe Ki/Mtfm of I ntiiOB,
whirli shows lit a qianct the exact values of all kinds of (iraln.
8l<Kk, llav, C'oa!, Luiiitier, Merchandise, etc., from one jtuund
np to a fa'i l<xt I, ami lor aiiv price which the market in likely to
reach ; the liiienst on anv snni (or any time at «, 7, 8and 10 per
ceu'. ; correct measuremem of all kinds of Liimher, Shw Loi;r,
Cisterns. Tanks, tJraiiaries, Bins, Waiion Heds, I'orn Cribs; a
Time, \Va<.'es, and manv other vahiahlo tables.

The Second part is a pra<!fi<«i Arithmetic, and embodies a
Pimple mathematical principle which enables ani/ one familiar
with the fundamental rules to become a ?J!;'i''"";» c<"<"'<''''<"'.'
and by which over tiru-thirdK of the riiinres and labor required
by the ordinary methods, and /roi-^ioii* with their iutricaeiep,
ATI' i-'ilireli/ aniideii. . ,, j

The work is nic'?y printed on fine tinted paper, is well and
elecanlly tM)und in p ocket-bookshajie and is accompanied by a
Silicate Slate, Memorandum and Pocket for papers. It is by tar
the most complete, comprehensive and convenient pocket
manual ever published.

PRICES Bound Jn Russia l.eatli«'r, <.U«le€l, S/S.OO,
Morrocfu, Sl-SO 5 Flue EuplisU ClotU.Sl.OO.

Sent post paid on reeeipr ot price. .Vddress,

CHAS. H. MAROT,

su Chkstm T Stbkkt. Phila.

A MANUAL OF VEGETABLE PLANTS.

BY ISAAC F. TII.1.1NOI1AST.

Containing the experiences of the author in startinfr all those
Xinds of vegetables which are most difflcut for a novice to pro-
duce from seed ; with the best methods known for conibatinir
and rei>elling noxious insects and preventing the diseases to
which garden vegetables are subject. 102 pages, 16mo. cloth.
Price, $1.00, mailed, post-paid, on receipt of price. Address,

CHARLES H. MAROT,

1814 Cliestnut St., Phlla.

GARDENING FOR PLEASURE.

IIV I'KTKK IIK.NMKKSON.

1 A Kuide to till- Aii'aliiir in the

FRUIT, VEGKTAI5LI-: and KI.OWER GARDEN.

With full directions for the
Greenhouse, Con«-ervatory and ■W'ndow-Oardeo.

llluslrnii'<l. LTyO ran.s, I2nin, rl.,th. Pricfl 81.50. Sent by-
mail posl-pnid ou receip' of [irire

AddreM CHAS. 11. MARoT, S14 CbeHlnnt St., Phila.

BACK VOLUMES

OF THE

Gardener's Monthly

Can still be had in numbers, per year - - - - $2 10
Bound in neat cloth cases, including numbers, - - - 3 00

" •' Koan " " - - - .3 1.^

Delivered postage tree.
Vt mail us yonr own numbers, and have them bound in cloth
caees for 90 cents. Reluraed to you bonnd postage free.
Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT,
814 Chestnut Street,

PHILADELPHIA.

GARDENING BY MYSELF.

By Anna Warner.

Containing Hints and Experiences under heading of each
month in the year. Illustrated. 16mo, 223 paues, cloth. Price
$1.25. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS H. MAEOT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

WINDOW GARDENING.

By Henry T. Williams.

Devoied specially to the Culture of Flowers and Ornamental
Plants for In-door vse and Parlor Decoration. Splendidly illus-
trated. 300 pages, med. 8vo, cloth. Priee $1.50. Sent by mail
post-paid on receipt 01 pr-'ce.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

«14 Chestnut St., Phila.

NEW AM) STANDAUI) BOOKS

ON

ARCHITECTURE,

AND

AG-RICULTURE,

Sent post paid on receipt of price.

Woodward's Artistic Drawing Studies | C 0«

Woodward h Uriiaraental and Fancy AlphabctR 6 00

Wi.odward's Country HomeB 100

Woodwaid's Lottag>a aud Farm Hou.sen I 00

Woodward s Country aii<l Suburban HouseH... 1 00

V oodwaril s OraperieH. 4:o 100

Woodward g Defilgns for the Fret t^aw 50

Woodward g National Architect. Vol. One 7 iO

Woodwards National Architect, Vol. Two.... 7 60

Wheeler's Homes t r the People 5 00

Wheeler's Rural Homes 1 J«

Copley's tandard Alphabets 3 00

Jacques' Manual of tlie Houne 1 00

Mouokton'g National Stair Builder 4 00

Monokt' n's National Carpenter and Joiner.,.. 5 00

Rural Church Architecture 4 00

Huss«7 8 National ' otlage An-hitecture 4 00

Cupper'.i^ Stair Buil({i-r J iO

Evelfth'K .School Houpt Architecture 4 00

Harney's HartiH, Out Buildini:.>i and Fences 4 0 1

Jacques' Onrden F^rra and Barn Y«rd 1 iO

Todd'R Tounz Farraer'g Manual. 3 Vo.s 4 iO

Vol. 1. Farm and Wnrkshop 1 iO

" 1. Profitable Famiine 1 iO

" 3. Wheat Culture ISO

Klliotfs Liwnand Shade Trees IOC

FullerV Forest, Tree (.'nltnrist 100

Randall's Pructica 1 fhepherd 2 00

Wlllard's Prarlica 1 Dairv HuHbnndry 3 00

Willard's Pracllca 1 Butter Book 100

Lewis' PrarticHl Poultry Book '.50

Ten AcrpN Kuo leh 1 Ot

How to (Jet a Farm, &c 1 00

Our Farm of Four Acres «0

Flax Culture 10

Husraann s Grapes huq Wine 1 00

Phi n 8 Grape Culfure 100

Thomery System of Grape Culture 30

Frank Forester's Field Sportg. 2 Vels 4 0)

Frank Forester'R Fish and Fishing 2 50

Frank Forester's Younsr Sportsman's Manual. 8 00

Frank Forester's Amerioan Game 1 .'iO

PracticalTroiit Culture 100

The Breechloader 1 25

The Dead Shot The Gun 125

The Orack Shot. The Kifle 1 --5

Frank Forester's Horse of America. 2 ToU 5 00

Horse Portraiture. — Trainiiij: Trotters 2 00

The D g— Ilreedinif. Brenkii (f. &c 3 00

Wallace's American Trotting Register 1 00

Wallace's American Stud Book 10 00

Oun, Rod and Saddle 1 00

ADDBESa,

CHAS. H. MAKor, 814 ClieBtnnt St.. Phila.

GARDENING FOR~^PROFIT.

BY PETER HENDERSON.

A Guide U) the .successful cultivation of the

MARKET AND FAMILY GARDEN^

New and enlarged edition. Illustrated. 2*'6 Jages, 12mo, cloth.
Price, M.50. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MABOT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

11

isr xj

CJ A^

19~ Send for Circular iind couditions of in£>ert)on under this heading. _^^

JOSHUA M.PHILIPS

1 PETER HENDERSON & CO., Wholesale
.--I I (ii-iiii II iu.a I'loiiBis, inlw York City

,., , . ~ I HOVEY L CO.,"^, """ „"^

til St. and Darby ^ve, Phila. ' .mii-.m > ai... rfeedsmen, Boston, Mass.

B. K. BLISS L SONS,

.*»f.ei.f-iii> !■, A. i. Oiiy

R. BUIST, Sr., Nufservman.

. . .,. . .^ „, y flyg,^ rniia. '

JN07DICK, i A. HANCE L SON, >Jnrsery aud Fruit

aN 111 Ml . uixn and Florist, Philada., Pa. | uiowers. Red Bank. N^J

GEO. FOUSL " ~ W. N. MATTOON, ^^ ^

A iirs, iv in 111 and Florist. Barneffat. N.J. I Fl ■n-t. i'-«o .>. >. Y.

J. GRIEVES,

> lusci Miian, Patereon, N. .J.

WM K. HARRIS,

FloriBt, f iiuudelphia.

I THOMAS MEEHAN, ^ ^ ^, ^, .,

i iNuis rv iv. 1 rt-e seeds, Germant'n, Phil.

I SARAH H. MARTIN.^TTTT^^
.■>c.;u» aiui i>u 1)8, Marblehead, Mass.

g -i<;c;ii-<iii<<D,Mercer8hnrg.Pa.

WM. B. REED, iNurseryinaii and b'lorisr,
Chatnhersbui-g Pa.

CHASTTTSTARR,

...n-r. Vim M le, Chester Co., Pa.

G.W.THOMPSON,
iN irt«-i\>uiiiii, .-lelton, N. .T.

J. C. VAUGHAN, Importer aud
l»ealerin Bnllis, t hica^o. 111.

FRANK WHITNALL^
rtueiisniau aud t lorist, Milwaukee, Wis.

A HISTORY OF

The United States of America

BY JOSIAH W. LKEDS.

Including some Important facts mostly omitted in the smaller

histories. Designed for general reading and for academies.

Brought down to the year 1876. 46S pp., 12mo. cloth, toned paper.

Price, $1.7.^. Sent by mail, post paid, on recept of price, .\ddre8s,

CHAS. H. MAROr, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

HOW PLANTS GROW.

By Asa Gray, M. D.

A simple Introduction to Structural Botan3^ with a Popular
Flora, or an arrangement end description of Commcn Plants.
lK>th wild and cultivated. Illustrated with 500 wood engravings.
233 pages, large 16n)o, half-arabesque, paiper sides. Price 81 25.
Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT.

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

BOOK OF EVERGREENS

By Josiah Hoopes.

A practical treatise on the Coniferae or Cone-bearing plants.
Handsomely illustrated. 435 pages, 12mo, cloth. Price S3.(a'
Bent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Addresi CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

AMERICAN GARDENER'S ASSISTANT.

By Tliomas Bridgeman.

Containing complete practical directions for the cultivation of
Vegetables, Flowers, Fruit Trees and Grapevines. Illustrated.
829 pages, 12mo, cloth. Price $2.50. Sent by mail post-paid on
receipt of price .

Address CHA.S. H. MAROT,

8'4Che tnut St.. Pbi'a

Manual of Botany of the Hortiern Unitei States.

By Asa Gray.

Including the district east of the Mississippi and north of Carolina
and Tennessee. Arranged according to the Natural System. Illus-
trated with ao plates of Sedges, Gra ses. Ferns, &c. 703 pages,
8vo, half-arabesque cloth sides. Price, $3.2$. Sent by mail post-
paid on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

"class BOOK OF BOTANVr

By Alphonso Wood, A. M.
Being outlines of the Structure, Physiology and Classification of
Plants ; with a Flora of the United States and Can.ida. 832 pages,
Ivo, half arabesque cloth sides. Price, ^3.50. Sent by mail post-
paid on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

HOW TO LAY OUT A GARDEN.

By Edw'trd Kemp.

A g'neral guide in Choosing, Forni'n;.; and Improving an Es-
tate (from a quarter-acre to a hundr duces in cxt(fnl,with
reference to both design and execution. Illust aud with nu-
merous plans, sections and sketches. 4(»3 pages, 12iuo, cloth.
Price $2.n0. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of pri o.
Address CHAS. H. MA HOT,

811 Chestnut i^f., Phiia.

GARDENERS' DICTIONARY.

By Geo. W. Johnson, Editor of " Cottage Gardener."

Describing the Plants, Fruits and Vegetables desirable fnr the
Garden, and explaiiing the terms and operations employed in
their cultivation. New Edition, with a su plemcni, including the
new plants and varieties. 910 pages, i2mo, cloth, fine print. Price^
$3.50. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

ROSE GARDEN.

By ■VVm. Paul, F. K. H. S.

Ehnbractng History of the Rose ; formation of Rosarium ; detail-
ed account of i)ractice for successful cultivation ; arrangement Im
natural groups of most esteemed varieties, English and Foreign,
in the most eminent (iardens ; with full description and remarks
on origin an ■ mode of culture. Numerous illustrations, 2)6
pages, Hoyal 8vo, cloth. Price $3.00. Sent by ma'l post-paid
on receipt of price. Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

ORNAMENTAL TREES.

By Thomas Meehan.

An Anaerican Hand-Book, containing the personal observa-
tions of the author. 257 pages, 24mo, cloth. Price 75 els. Sent
by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

LJVWNANDSHADE TREES.

By F. R. Elliott.

Deciduous and Evergreen Trees and Shrubs, for planting in
Paries, Gardens, Cemeteries, &c., &c. Illustrated. 125 pages,
i2mo, cloth. Price, Ji. 50. Sent by mail, post-paid, on receipt of
price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

INSECTIVOROUS PLANTS.

By Chas. Darwin.

With copious descriptive contents and index. Illustrated.
462 pages, i2mo, cloth. Price $7.00.
Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Addrejw CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St.. Phila.

WORKING MAN'S WAY TO WEALTH.

By Edmund Wrigley.

A prirtical treatise on Suilding Associations, what they are , and
how to use them . 108 pages, i6mo, cloth. Price, 7s cents. Sent
by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

HO\N JO MANAGE BUILDING ASSOCIATIONS.

By Edmund Wkigley.
Being a Director's Guide and Secretary's Assistant, with forms
for Keeping Books :ind Accounts, also rul&s, examples and explana-
tions illustrating the various plans (if working. 211 pages, lanio,
cloth. Price, ^2 00. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.
Addr-ts, CHAS. H. MAROT.

814 Chestnut Street, Philad«lphia.

/ //A II OR ricuL TUA'.u. . / niJiR Tisr.R.

CLUB PAPERS AT NET PRICES,

ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED.

TO REMIT IN CLUBBING

aiiv "f till- fnllow inu' li*' with tliR
GARDENER'S MONTHLY

Stifcl siicli ;is y'^ii wish, foot up the prices atiiiexed. Hiici ndd TWO DOLLARS
for ilie MONTHLY to the total.

^\merican Atrricultnrist $t 20 \

Farm r 1 a.-i

" Artir-an. 1 60

" Builder 2 60

" NMturalist 3 '2.'j

" Odd eVllow 1 60

Appli'fon'8 Journal '2 50

Antinr'i* liome Magazine 1 b.5

Atlantic Monthly 3 4.'>

Boston fultivutor 1 60

Baildiug Association Journal 75

■■ S()cii:fief< (lazette, London. £)ncrland 1 85

"Bucks County liitolligcncer, old eubi»criberf>, $2.60, new... 2 10 ,

California Ii<"irticultnri!-t 2 75 ;

Central Union Agriculturist and Chromo 1 70

Ctiildren s Friend 1 H5 ;

Hour 1 10:

Cotemin's Kunil World 1 85

Country OentlcniHn 2 10 '

Demori'St's Msgaz.ino 'I 60

Eclectic .Magazine 4 60

Farmer's" Home Journal I 35

Farm Journal 20

Frank Leslie's Ladies' Magazine 3 10

" Review 2 10

Germantown Telegraph, old subscriber?, $2.60, new 2 20

God-y's Lady's Book 2 15 j

Gniphic, (Uiiilv). per year 9 .50

HallV Journalnf Health 1 .50 j

Harper's Bazar 3 35 1

" Magazine 3 35

" Weekly 3 35

Herald of Healtli 1 6ii

Householft 85

Iowa Homeftead 1 60

Journ-tl of (Chemistry 1 10

Journal of .Muteria Medica 1 lO

Kani-as FHrm>r 1 35

Lady'H Floral Cabinet, with Cliromo 1 10

Ladies' Kepo.sitory 3 .=?5

Leslie's Lady'f Journnl 3 60

Lippincoit's Magazine 3 10

Litteir.S Living Age 7 60

Lonriim G.-inien H 75

London '-iardener's Chronicle 7 50

Maine Farmer 2 10

Manufacturer and Builder 1 85

Maryland Farmer $1 35

MavsachiiHetts Ploughman 2 60

Metropolitan. . I BS

Milling Journal 186

Moore's Rural New Yorker 2 36

Nation 4 76

National Bapti.st 2 35

New Kngland Farmer 2 35

" " Homestead 2 10

New York Evangelist 2 60

New York "viethodist 2 20

" Heral<l Weekly 100

" Post Weekly. $1.40 Semi-Weekly 2 60

" " Times, Weekly, $!. 40; .Semi-Weeklv. 2 60

" '* Tribune. Weei'lv, $1.40 ; Semi-Weekly 2 60

•' " World, WeeKly, $1.40; Semi-Weekly 2 60

North- Western Farmer 1 10

Nursery 1 20

Ohio Farmer 1 .'0

Our Home Journal ^ 26

Park's Floral Gazette 40

Penn Monthly 2 10

Peter's Musical Monthly... 2 60

Pit erson's Magazine 1 70

Phi la(lel|ihia Weekly Press 1 60

Pliiladelpliia Weekly Times 1 35

Phi-.noloLriciil Journal 1 60

Poultry World 1 00

Poultry World, colored plate edition 1 75

Popular Science Monthl**' 4 20

Practical Farmer, (Weekly.) 1 60

Prai'ie Farmer ... . 1 60

Purdv's Small Fruit Recorder 85

Saint Nicholas 2 60

Saturday Evening Po-t 1 75

Scientilic American I 75

Sci<'niilic Farmer 86-

Scribner's Monthly 3 45

Southerti Cnltivator.... 1 85

Soufht-rn Planter and Farmer 1 85

Vick's Illustrated Monthly .Magazine 95

Wav^rly Magazine 4 65

Western Aericnltarist h5'

Western Farmer 1 80

" Rural.. 1 60

Workinsr Farmer .1 10

Young Folk's Monthly 95

Youth's Companion' new subscribers $1.40; old subscribers 1 75

The above includes postajre under the new L'. S. Law requiring prppayment of postage before mailing.

After subscription to a club paper throujih this agency, report non-receipt of your numl)er9
and other causes of dis.satisfaction, irregularities of mails or changes of residence, onhj to said
paper direct [riot to this office).

Remit by P. O. Order, Draft or Registered Letter. Currency is at risk of malls.

If you wish a receipt or reply, enclose postage t tamp for that purpose, otherwise the club papers will be considered a
-♦nfflcient receipt.

A^d dress.

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

RURAL AND PRACTICAL BOOKS, (and any others in the mirket not on this list) will be
sent by mail, post paid, on receipt of price. Address CiiAS. H. Mauot, 814 Chestnut St.,Phila,

Allen's, R. L., Diseases of Domestic Animals. $1 00

Allen's L. F. Runil Architecture 1 60

Allen's, L. F, American Cattle 2 50

Allen's, R. L. & L. F., New American Farm Book 2 50

Allen '^s, K. L., American Farm Book 1 £0

American Bird Fancier. (Brown's) 30

Anierican Weeds and Useful Plants 1 T5

Apple (^nltnrist, S. E. Todd 1 50

Art iif PropazHtion, (Jenkins) 50

Artof Saw Filing T5

Art of Grafting and Budding 2 00

Architecture. Modern American, Cummings & Miller 10 00

AsparHirns Cnlrure. paper 20

Baker's Fruit Culinre 4 00

Bassett on Cranberrv Culture ao

BaTv's Fruit Garden 2 50

Bell's Carpentry made easy 5 00

Bement's Poulterers' Companion 2 00

Bement's Rabbit Fancier 30

Beet Root Sug'r 1 50

Bicknell'e Villase Builder, 77 plates 12 00

Bommer's .Method of Mak'ng Manures .. 25

Boussingault's, J. B , Rural Economy 1 60

Breck's New Book of Flowers 1 75

Bridgem-in's Americmi Gardener's Assistant 2 50

Bridgeman'9 Fruit Cultivator's Manual i 00

Bridy:enian's Kitchen Gardener's Instructor 1 00

Building Associations, How to Manage "2 00

Building Associations. What Thev ."Vre 75

Buisfp, Robert, Am. Flower Garden Directory 1 50

Buist's. Robert, FHmily Kitchen Gardener " 1 00

Burr's Field .ind Garden Vegetables of America 6 00

Carpenter and -loiner's Hand Hook, (H'dly) 7S

Chorlton's Grape-i4rower's Guide 75

Chemistry of the Farm, (Nichol.S) 1 25

Clevelatid'-' Villas and Cottages 4 00

Cobbett's American Gardener 75

Coles, s. W. American Fruit Book

Cole's American Veterinarian

Cooper's Rural Hours 2 00

Copeland'S Country Life 5 00

Badd's. Geo. H., American Cattle Doctor 1 .^0

Dadd's Modern Hoife Docor 1 50

Dana's, vamuel H., Muck Manual 125

D.nrwin's Variations of Animals and Plants, (2 vols) 6 00

Darwin's Insectlverous Plant.s. 7 00

DeVoe's M.irket Assistant 2 50

Doivning's. A. J., Landscape Gardening 6 50

Downings Cottage Residences 3 00

Downinir's Frnit.s and Fruit Trees of America 5 00

Downing'8 Rural Es-^ays ; ....'. 3 50

Downing's Ladies' Companion to the Garden 2 00

DuBreuil's Vineyard Culture, (Dr. Warden) 2 00

Eastwood on (.'ultivation of the Cranberry 75

Elliott's Western Fruit Grower's Guide 1 50

Elliott's Landscape Gardening.. 1 50

Elliott's Lawn and Shade Tree'* 1 .50

Elliott's Fruit Growers' Hand Book, paper, 60 cents, cloth 1 oO

Farming for Boys 1 50

Fields, Thomas W., Pear Culture 1 25

Five Acres too much, (illustrated) 1 .50

Flagg's European Vineyards 1 50

Flax Culture '. 50

Flint, Chas. L.. on Grasses 2 50

Flint's Milch Cows 2 50

Floral Decorations for Dwelling-Honses 1 50

Fowler's Hwmes for All ! 1 .50

French's Farm Draina<;e 1 .50

Fuller's Grape Culruri't 1 .50

Fuller's Small Fruit Culture 1 50

Fuller's Strawberry Culturist 20

Fuller's Forest Tree Culturist 1 .50

Fulton on Peaeh Culture 1 .50

Gentry's Life Histories of Birds, (2 vols) 4 00

Grav's How Plants Grow 1 25

Gray's Manual of Botany 2 25

Grav's Manual, Botany and Lessons, in one vol 4 On

Gray's .School and Field Book of Botany 2 50

(iregoryon Squashes, paper... HO

Guernon on Milch Cows 75

Guide to Fortune 1 00

Harn/.lhy's Grupe Culture and Wine Makii)<z 5 00

Harris' Insects Injurious to Vegetation, clo. $4 ; col. eng's 6 .50

Harrison the Pig 1 50

Hatfield's Americmi House C:irpenter -t ftO

Henderson's Practical F'loliculture 1 50

Henderson's Gardening for Pleasure 1 .-,0

Henderson's Gardening for Profit. 1 50

Herbert's Hints to Horsekeepers 1 75

Hoopes on Evergreens 3 00

Hop Cultnre 40

How to Buy a Fjrm, and Where to Find One 1 75

How to Paint 1 00

Hnssman's Grapes and Winee 1 50

Jacques' Manual of the House 1 60

Jacques' Manual of the Garden 1 75

Jennings' Cattle Doctor 175

Jennings on The Horse aijd His Dis-ases 1 . ,

Jennings' Sheep, Swine and Poultry i 7.5

.'ohnson's Gardeueis' Dictionary 3 50

Johnson's How Crops hVed 'i uo

Johnson's How Crops Grow 2 UO

Johnson's Peat and its Uses 1 25

Johnston's Elements ot Ag. Cheuiisiry and Geology 1 50

Johust<m's J. S. W., Agricultural Chemistry 1 75

Kemp's Landscape Gardening 2 58

Klippart's Farm Drainage 1 75

Langstrolh. Rev. L. L.,ou the llive and Uouey Bee 2 00

Leeds' History of United States 1 75

Leu'hars' How to Build Hot-houses ] ,>io

Leibig's, Justus, Familiar l^ei^tures on c:iiemi8irj 75

Louden 's Encyclopedia of Plants ' 21 00

Lyman's Cotton Culture ] no

iMcMahon's American Gardener 2 25

Mayliew's Practical Book-keeping for Farmers 90

Mechanics' Companion, (Nichol.-^on) 3 00

Meebau's Ornamental Trees ^5

Miles on the Horse's Foot ;_,

Miner's, T. B., Bee-keeper's Manual ) 05

Mohr on the Grape-vine j qq

^loney in the Garden j g^

Aly Vineyard at Lakeview j .^s

My Farui of Edtjewood j ^5

My Ten-rod Faim ^q

Korth American S^lva, 5 vols., 156 col. plates, iu 30 part4

unbound.

" Half 1 urkey Antique, gilt 70 oO

" li'" " •' 75 00

Nichol's Chen.istry of the Farm and "ea j ^S

Jiorton's, John P., Elements of .Scientific .\griculiure 75

Norris' Fish Culture j ■^5

Onion Culture ^

75 j Our Farm of Four Acres j .^5

75 ; Packard's Guide to tlie Siudy of lusects c'otli g oo

Paul's Book of Roses gQ

Paul's Rose Garden 3 qq

Paxton's Botanical Ulcliouary jg 00

Pardee on Sira berry Culture 75

I'arkmall's Book of Itose.- i g'^i

Parsou's, Samuel B., on the Rose \ =0

Peat and its Uses j ^

Pear Culture, Fields j 25

I'edder's, James, Farmers' Land-measure go

Percheron Horse j og

Peterson's Preseivlug, Pickliug and ('aiming Krnit 50

Phin's Open-air Grape Culture and Wine Making \ 50

Quinn's Pear Culture for Profit ] 00

(.^uinby's .Mysteries of Bee-keepiug Explained i 50

R.-indall'S Sheep Husbandry j 50

Randall's Fine Wool Sheep Husbandry i 00

Rand's Bulbs ] ^

Rand's Flowers for Parlor and Garden 2 50

Rand's Popular Flowers and How to Cultivate tiiem 1 25

Rand's Garden Flowers 2 50

Rands Orchid Culture 3 qo

Rand's Rhododendrons \ ^o

Robinson's Alpine Flowers 4 50

" Sub- Tropical Garden 2 75

" Wild Garde n 2 25

Ropp's Commercial Calculator, cloth $1, Morocco luck... 2 00

Rose Culturist paper 30

Robbins'. R , Produce and Ready Reckoner

Saunders' Uome.'tic Poultry, paper, 40 cloth

Saston's Hand Book, iu four seties, each

.Scheuck's (Jardeners' Text-b )ok

Scribner's Roaily Reckoner and Log-book ."

^trong's Cul'lvation ot the Grape 3 oo

Tt n Acres Enough j 50

Thomas, J. J., Farm im))leinents 1 ,«.()

Thomas, J. J., Fruit Culturist; old ed., $3 nO; new edition 3 50

Totjacco Culture "25

Vine's Chemical Manures 1 25

Warder's .\meritan Pon.ology 3 oo

" Hedges and Everiireeus 1 f.o

Waring's Drainage for Profit and Health 1 .M)

" Elements of Agriculture 1 oo

" Earth Closets fto

Webster's Dictionary, Unabruiged 12 00

Well's Every Man his own Lawy -r 2 00

Williams, B. S , on Stove & (ireenhouse nan'8.2 vols.,iird 5 00

Williams, B. S., on SeKct Fern-' and Lycopods 2 50

Williams, B. S., Orchid Grower's Manual, 4 h ediiioii 2 60

" '■ " •' 5lh edition 3 51

Window Gardening 1 gj

White's Gardening for the south 2 00

" Cranberry Culture 1 25

Wood's Class Book of Botanv 3 50

Wright's Pr.ctical Poultry Keeper 250

Yimatton the Horse 1 75

Youman'e Household Science 2 60

75
75
1 50
75
.'0

15 i

i

14

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

200,000 TWO YEAR OLD DWARF PEAR TREES,

tiiiililrd „ii Itr.st Irrnr/i Stork.i, ituif of I'lhur ttiinlitii. I.nryrln of

IDXJCIiESS ID'^ft.lsr3 0XJLE]VrE, 3L.OXJISE BOKTlSrE IDE JEI^SE^Y,
Doyenne d'Ete, Osband's Summer, Clapp's Favorite, Bartlett, Beurre ClfTard, Blood-
good, Madeleine, Brandywine, Kirtland, Ott, Tyson, BufTUm, Bell Lucrative, Howell,
Doyenne Boussock, White Doyenne, Beurre Clairgeau, Beurre Hardy, Beurre DIel,
Urbaniste, Swan's Orange, Beurre d'Anjou, Vicar of Winkfleld, Lawrence, Jeannette,

Clout Morceau. ^^^ ATTENTION OF NUESERYMEN, DEALERS AND PLANTERS

Is invited to the above utook, which is Ixjlievwl to he uniurp-is^ert in qu ilitv hv iiiiy in ftie rii'tiMl Ststes. Those Intendint; to
plant lar^'rlv will ito well to correspond with ns. We can refer to largi- rkaiuno Pear orchardH in New .Jersey. Virginia. Ken-
tucky, Texas, and other States, which bear testimony to the quality and reliability of our trees. " Dwarf I ears, their Culture
and Manafjement," mailed to applicants.

A rtri-L ASSORTMENT OT OTHER NUBBERY STOCK AT I'RICES TO BlIT THE TIMES.

Address, li. G. HANFOllD <ۥ SON, Cohnubus Nursery,

t-jnne-4 COXdi:j-2.^S-crS, O^XQ.

— j •

Index to Advertisements. TJ ^ Pa^TSOllS Sl Co

Avitr\\>ii^T<inre rumented tn )inre nrdf^rt ill )iand ax KaRLY AS ifcwB MV ■ M Mr M W W aa NT ^Mr ^0 \rB

i Offer to buyers of the best Trees and .Shrube a very well
grown stock at low rates. Among them ar« Khodo<l<'ndrone of
' th» quite hardy sorts, and in quality and price preferable to
I imported plants. Also Hardy and ( hinese Azaleas, Japan and
i Chinese Magnolia?, Hardy and Greenhouse Koses, growa In
' open ground, and at low rates. We invite tl e atteniii>n of

NURSERYMEN AND DEALERS

i To our general stock, both UeclduouM and Everjjrren,
which is very large and complete. The raier Ev«r^re«-ii»,

I as well as the t)ld standard sorts, we grow in laige quantity.

! Flowering; Slirubs we offer at low rates. Our Pnrpl*
Beech, gralted from really purple-leaved trees, are very tine.
Our Nursery and Greenhouses being on ground once occu-

i pied by the old house of Parsons & Co., visitors will find It

I quite accessible <ri>m either the Bridge or Main St. Kailrood
Stations. For Catalogues, address.

! R. B. PARSONS A. CO.,

I box 99 liovme Ave., FUuthing. S. Y.

! For a term of years 8 000 to 10,000 feet of glass, well fitted
i up lor growing Cut Fi-owers and Beddino Stukp. Good
trade, well established in a very thriving city of 1.^.000 popula-
tion. Possession given July let. Terms low. Plenty of land.
Address,

R. LINSLEY,

West Meriden. Conn,

Advert Iser.sar? re'iufnted to fiave nrde-rt i» hund ax Kari.Y a
Possible. Copy rrteireil after the 'i'id vf eucli month caniwt l/e
INSURE!) insertion in the next iMue.

Agents .Journal, New York, 6

American Machine Co., Philadelphia, Pa., ... 6

Bayersdorfer M. M. & Co., Philadelphia,

Beatty Daniel F., Washintrton, N. J.,

Brennemnn W. H., Harrisburg, Pa., .

BryaBt J. M., Philadelphia,

Chicago Floral Co., Chicago, 111.,

Chatfield A. F., Albany, N. Y., .

Ohspin, G. H., Boston, Mass.,

Collins John 8., Moorestown, N. J., .

Dingee & Conrad Co., West Grove, Pa.,

Disbrow .Manufacturing Co., Roche.ster, N

Elder Walter, Philadelphia, . ,

Fletcher K. L.. New York. .

Hanford K. G. & Son, Columbus, Ohio,

Harris Wm. K., Philadelphia,

Hews A. U. & Co., Cambridge, Mass.,

Henderson Peter & Co., New York. .

H'ckman J. B., San Juan, Cal., .

Hitchiugs & Co., N-iw York,

Kelsey F. W., Rochester, N. Y.,

Landreth David & Sons, Philadelphia.

Linsley, R., West Meriden, Conr

7 i

11,1

2,13,

Lord's Horticultural Works, Irviugton-on-the Hudson, N. Y.,4

_....-... ,j

14,Fly-leaf

5

Cover

11

Cover

14

Lynex R., Philadelphia,
Marot Chas. H , Philadelphia, Pa., 8, 9, 10,
Nellis A. C, Canajoharie, N. Y.,
Nimmo Alex., Brooklyn, N. Y.,
Nursery (.'ards, . . . .
Parsons & Sons Co., Flushing, N. Y.,
Parsons R. B. & Co., Flushing, N, Y..
Peters Randolph, Wilmington, Del., .
Poppey R. C, Poiiirhkeep-ie, N. Y.,
Randall Chas. A.. Niw York,
Reed Geo. I. & Co ,Nassua, N. Y., .
Rolker August & Sons, New York,
■Sharpless .7. K., Catawissa, Pa.,
Smith & Butler, Newp-r', R. I.,
Smith & Lynch, Uost-T , Mas*., .
Straiton & Storm, New York,
8ouih«rn Enterpri-e, Acianta, Ga.,
Wilson Wm. C, Astoria. N. Y., .
Wister Rodman, Pittsburgh, Pa..
Wright Peter & Sons, Philadelphia,

4
6
6
Fly-leaf
6
9
6
8
8
7
6
8
16
6
Cover
1
8
3
Fly-leaf
J^ly-leaf
14

apl4

1, Fly-leaf

Fly-leaf

5

Cover

6

6,7

7
5

ASPARAGUS CULTURE;

I7i.« I}e.st. Mrthofls Kuiplotifd in l^tmlnnd iind tVuncf.

By James Ba nt s and Wm. Robinson, F.L.S.
Illustrated, 2S pages, 12mo, paper. Price, 20 centa. Mailed,
postage free, on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,
K14 Chesinnf St.. Phila.

SELECT FERNS AND LYCOPODS;

By Benjamin S. Williams, F.R.H.S.
Comprising descriptions of 950 choice species and varieties, Brit-
ish and Exotic, with directions for their management in the Tropical,
Temperate and Hardy Fernery, with numerous beautiful full-page
illustrations. 353 pages, izmo, cloth. 1 rice, $i.b^. Sent by mail
post-paid on receipt of price.

Address. CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

THE ABBOTT

Pocket Microscope

Is an .instrument of great

practic 1 usefulness to

TeaoherB, Farmers,

MerohaiitK, ITIe-

oliaiiirsi, Plij'sl-

riaiiN, Boiaiilikt.s,

Miners, and many

others. I', is the best

r invenfpfl f.r examining FlOW

Seeds, Plants, Minerals,

Engravings, Bank Notes, Fabrics,

5rc. By menus of a ca^e, accompanying each lu-

ll

ers

E

E . ^., , , ^

stiiiment, oil'- cm exiniine aM kinds of
sects or Worms "Hve. The

EYE OF A FLY,

or other inspct of like fize, can be readily seen.
It is simp'e in con-"!! uctioii and ea=y to op-raie.
One of these interesiing I isirnmenis ought to
be in every fa'nilv. W'- lia\ ■ made armigernenti
to fnr iish the Pocket Mlcroseope at the
manufacnirer's prue. :i;1..50. Irwiil be sent, po-t-
pHid,t'> anvreader of this Paper desiring it, on
receipt of price, or m y be had at this office.

Medal and Diploma awarded by the U. S. Cen-
tennial Commission, 1876, to

MITM & LYMCM,

Manufacturers of Patent Improved

Portable Cellulap Fire Boz Return Flue Boiler.

AND

PATENT PORTABLE CELLULAR FIRE BOX

BASE BURNER BOILER

lE^oie i3::E]-^Tii:Ta-

Greenhouses, Graperies, Conserrntories, I*ropafjatlnff Houses, Fm'cing Pits, Public

and Private Puildiuf/s, Schools, Drying Rooms and

Heatiuff Water for Baths.

ALSO KEEP CONSTANTLY ON HAND

Expansion Tanks, Evaporating Pans, Stop Valves, Cast-iron Pipe, Elbows, Tees, Branchc, Pipe CbaLra
and everything necessary, of the best material, for Greenhouse Heating.

Smith & Lynch's Improved Ventilatinsj Apparatus, for opening and closing Ventilating Sash, on roof
or sides of Greenhouses and Graperies.

Judges' Report on awards, with descriptive illustrated circular containing testimonials and reference.
Abo price list furnished on application to

SMITH & LYNCH,

Rhododendrons and Evergreens

Of all eir.o8 aud iu flnc condition for tmneplHiiting. Spuc'al atti-iition called to our large specimuiiH of perfect form. AlHO a
J ilue healthy «iock of

CAMELLIAS AND AZALEAS

Which have grown this year more rolJUBt than ever, and are offered at reasonable price*.

JAPANESE MAPLES, ORANGES

And many kiiidH of Nt-w and Rare Planta. Reinu; in pots can be Bent out at any time, as also our eelcct Hat of the best
Greenhou«e Planta. Price List free, ami Descriptive Catalogue 10 cts.

PARSONS &. SONS CO., Limited,

Kissena Nurseries, Flushing, N. Y,

2D00.000::-

ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUES

Sent free on application.

A. H. HBIVS & GO.^

Low freights from Boston
allow us to compete with any
Pottery in the United States.

Ho. Cambridge^ Mass.

{Late of the firtn of Nimmo & Scollay,) ^

PATENT IMPROVED HOT WATER BOILERS,

•r M

3
O _OT

0.E

® ..- * — —

« « ,> = =»= « Q

C -C 'C _a£ _j 13 I

Ha)\p(8 ^_ CO mC

, (8 w 3 TJ c^ 5- Q.a

g5^^J.F| eS

^ ?; E
> do:

3 ^«0

O

It

■ o

u

PRIZE MEDAL AND DIPLOMA AWARDED THIS BOILER AT THE
CENTENNIAL EXHIBITION.

^^ Please sead for Circular for explanation, etc., before you make up your mind to purchase elsewhere.

eep 12 1204 Degraw Street, near Nostrand Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.

►1^

Vol. XX.

{C(Mnbinert Magaziliee, Thirty-third Year.)

JULY, 1878.

PUBLISHED BY CHARLES H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.
TERMS-2.10 PER YEAR-POSTAGE PAID.

^^^.

<'f^^.

'iP^t^yi

^•Cr-^^'^'' ^^

The Gardener's Monthly

AND HORTICULTURIST.

EDITED BY THOMAS MEEHAN,

AH8i8li'<l by tin alilc forpn of AMERICAN and FOHEIQN CORREHl'ONDENTS.

It is published on the first of every month, at the ottlcc, No. 814 CHESTNUT STREET,
PHILADELPHIA, where all Business communications should be addressed.
Communications for the Editor should be addressed : Thomas Meehan, GERMANTOWN,Philada.

SUBSCRIPTION PRICE, Postage paid, $2.10.
TERMS OF ADVERTISING.

Oiie Time,

Two to Tiir«-e Timm, iMith,
Fonr to Six TInu-h, »«

Seven to Nine Tlmea, '»
Ten to T^velve *» «

Twelve lines nonpariel is }i col. A less space than '4 col. will be furnished at rates in exact i)roportion, line for line.

For THIRD and LAST COVER PAGES ; FIRST PAGE advertisement/ocm!/ reading matter; "FLY-LEAF PAGE" (front
of number) be/ore reading matter auA facing ilrst cover— special figures will be given on application.

COPY and orders for NEW advertisements should be on hand by the 2!id of each month ; and CHANGES of COPY
running contracts by the 16th of each month, to imure them in tlic following issue. Addrt^ss,

CHAS. H. MAROT, Publisher, 814 Chestnut St., Philadelphia.

j^col.

i col.

i col.

^ col.

heal

1 col.

1 page.

93 00

84 00

90 00

98 00

9ia 00

9a4 00

948 00

a 70

3 60

5 40

T ao

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ai 00

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CONTENTS OF THE JULY NUMBER.

CORRE.SPONDENCE :

A Lady's Wheelbarrow 193

How Bedding Plants May be .Arranged 193-194

What is aGarden? 194-196

The Celastrus Scandens— Bitter Sweet a Staff Tree 19.5-197

Among the Orchid Growers 200

Notes on Orchids 200

Disease in the Marechal Niel Rose 2rt0-201

Floral Decoration of the Table 201-202

Lnculia Gratissima 202

Cure for Mealy Bug 202-203

Eucharis Amazonica 203

Aspect of a Greenhouse 203

Cure for Cracking in Pears 203

Dwarf June Berry ijog

Dwarf June Berry Again 205-200

A New Stock for the Pear 206

Hybrid Strawberries 206-207

Another Word on Raspberries 207

Cultivating Whortleberries 207-20S

Yellow and Black Locust 210

Jumping Beans of Mexico 213-214

Scraps From a Brazilian Journal ?17-218

EDITORIAL NOTES :

Rhododendrons UiT-l9s

Wahlenbergia Tuberosa 19S-199

All About Roses 199

Beautiful China Asters— The Amaryllis— The

Chinese Primrose 203-204

The First Georgia Peach— Growing Grapes in

Vineries 208

Tea Plants at Washington— Expense of Preparing
Tea— Cherry Timber— Timber in California— Yel-
low and Black Locust— The Eucalyptus— Report
Upon Forestry 210-212

The Philosophy of a Fruitful Strawberry-Oenuiiums

and Snakes 214

European Notes by the Editor (No. 11)— Select
Plants Eligible for Industrial Culture in Austria-
Dr. Charles Pickering— John Freed— Gardening
Longevity- Mr. J. H. McAfee— Synoptical Flora of
the United States— The Native Flowers and Ferns
of the United States— Our Native Flowers- The

Rural New Yorker— The American Agriculturist 218-222

Centennial Exhibition of 1876 — Western New York
Horticultural Society— Pennsylvania Horticultural
Society — Dubuque, Iowa— Wisconsin State Horti-
cultural Society — Maryland Horticultural Society —
■ Report of the Conn. State Board of Agriculture for
1877- Fruit Growers' Association of Ontario-
Georgia State Horticultural Society— Belgium In-
ternational Horticultural Exhibition 222-224

SCRAPS AND QUERIES:

Lawn Grass— Transplanting Hollies 199

Double Geraninm Ethel Beale — Span or Lean-to

Greenhouoc- Gardenia Flower 2n4-20.'5

Diseased Peach Leaf— Profitable Cherries 209-210

Utilizing the Pine Tree— The Agricultural Grounds 212-213

Fruiting of Wistoria Sinensis — Endurance of Seeds

of Tender Things — Abnormal Growth of a Potato

—Japan Wrapping Around Lily Bulbs— Remedy

for the Colorado Potato Beetle 215-216

NEW OR RARE FRUITS AND VEGETABLES.
Swayzie Pomme Grise Apple — A Beautiful Turnip
—The Crescent Seedling Strawberry 208-209

NEW OR RARE PL.\NTS.

Begonia Frcebelii—Abutilon Ceo. A. Stanley 204

NATURAL HISTORY AND SCIENCE 213-214

LITERATURE. TRAVELS AND PER.SON A L NOTES. 217

FOUESIRY 210

HORTICULTURAL SOCIETIES 222-224

AUGUST ROLKER $c SONS,

44 Dey Street, New York,

IlirOJRTEBS A^n JDEALERS IN ALL SORTS OF

FLORISTS' SUPPLIES,

Also, Manufacturers of Grass-Trimmed

All sorts of Flower Baskets constantly on hand.

SMALL STUFFED BIRDS,

Well mounted, for additional decoration of different floral de.^ifjns. This is the latest style, and
increases the value of design considerably, as skillfully arranged they look quite cunning.

Tinfoil, Ibc. per lb.; if in 10 lb. lots and over, ICc

Bouquet Jr'ajiers, in both Italians and Cartons.

Toothpicks, first quality oul j.
Tmmortelles, in all colors.

Dried 31os.s, dark and light green, small and large bunches.

Strong and neat, $21.00 per dozen.
Excelsior Weeders, 2.5 cents each. Garden Trowels, 23 cents each.

THE

PERFECTION

LAWN

Can be adjusted to any hose
i-inch, and throw water, accor-
ding to pressure, to a radiue
measuring fifty feet.

It Sells for $1.25,

with a discount to the trade.
It is the cheapest and most
eflective

AND

GARDEN

SPRINKLER

EVER INVENTED.

It can be cleaned easily of
any obstructions. The cut
shows full size of instrument,
which we recommend from:
our own experience.

LIVE STOCK FOOD

Tho spiison is at Imiid to sow TrUNIl'S. For STOCK, the

BLOOMSDALE EUTA BAGA IS UUEQUALLED.

(iARDEN and FIELD TURNIPS of most appropriate varieties.

Send lor I'l-iccs iiiid dcscri])! ivc list.

DAVID LANDRETH & SONS,

JSos. 21 and 23 South Sixth St.,

Between Market and Chentnut, Philadelphia.

I 703" CH ESTNUT ST. philaT

AMERICAN FLOWER GARDEN DIRECTORY.

By Robert, Buist.
With practical direction* for the Culture of Plants in Flower-
Gnrd n, Uol-H- use, Irreen-llouse, Rooms, or Parlor Windows,
fur ever7 month of the year. Instructions for crectins; H< t-
house, Greei house, and laying out a Flower garden. Instruc-
tion for cultivating, propagating, pruning and training the
'Grapivine and description of best sorts for the open air. 842
pages. ]2mo, cloth. Price^l 50. Sent by mail post paid on receipt
•of price. CHAS. II. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St. Phila.

ALPINE FLOWERS FOR ENGLISH GARDENS.

By W. Robinson, F.L.S.

An explanation of the principk'.* on which the Exquisite
Flora of Alpine Countries miy be grown to pertection in all
parts of the British Islan^^ls, with numerous Illui-tratioug of
Rock fiardeuf", Natural and Artificial. 70 illustrations, 440
paseH, crown 8vo, cloth. Price, $4.50. iMailed, postage free,
OD receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Cbeetuut St., Phila.

THE WILD GARDEN;

Or, Our firovps find Shrultberies Mnile Jieautifiil by
the A'atufallzation of Hardy Jixotic IHauts,

By W. Robinson, F.L.S.
With Frontispiece.
23B pages. 12mo, cloth. Price, $2.25. Mailed, postage free,
•on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St.. Phila.

GREAT REDUCTION IN PRICES

To those wisliit'g to procure tine treks, sn bibs an •! pla.nts,
I .Select the BK.ST STOCK irrown in resp.»nsible nurseriej,
GUAR.\NTEE its l^KLIABILITY, and. t)eing in constant cor-
respondence uiili nurserymen in Jlurope and America, my
facilities for furnishing to advfintuge all varieties of fink
NrKsEBY STOCK ARE uNEijUALEU. This has givcii mc much
of the be.st t)Usine8s in tiie country of Parks. Cemeteries
AND Private Kstates, the furnishing of which 1 make a
specialty. References of this character if desired. Descrip-
tive catalogue with colored plate, 10c. ; to customers without
charge. All orders or inquiries by mail will receive careful
attention. Address, FRED. W. KELSEY,

Itochester, N. Y.

GUIDE TO THE STUDY OF INSECTS.

By a. S. Packakd, Jk., M.D.

A'so a Treatise on those Injurious and Beneficial to

OPS. For the use of Colltges, F.irras, Schools and Agriculturists.

Illustrated with 1 1 plates, and 650 wood-cuts. 702 pages, Evo,

cloth. Price, J6.oo. Sent by by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. M. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philade'phia.

CHOICE STOV[ m GREEIHOUSE PUNTS,

By Benj. S. Williams, F. R. H. S.

With descriptions of upwards of eleven hundred species and
varieties. In-tructions fortheircultivation and mod ■ cf manage-
ment. Illustrated with colored frontispiece and numerous
splendid illustrations. 686 pages. 2 vols., T2mo, cloth. Price
$0.00. Sent by mail post paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT.

814 Chestnut t)t., Phila.

The Gardener's Monthly

HORTICULTURIST for 1878.

SubNcribpr!* are rpqup^tpd to .send at Ica-st one new name with their o'^'n, if possible. For this atten-
tion, we will fiirni.sh the two at $;i.20 for tlie year.

TWO NEW .suhscrrptions at $3.20 ; five at $7.00.

Responsible Agents wanted — to whora a liberal commi.s.sion will be allowed, retainable out of subscriptions
-secured and forwarded. We do not hold ourselves responsiiile for the acts of Bogus Agents.

Any !m<b!>icriber who has alreaily renewed his .subscription and paid $2.10, may order a new .subscriber
at rate of $3.20 the two, by renoittiiig the additional $1.10 to balance, and obUge, with thanks for past favors
and eftbrts.

All subscribers, at whatever rate, are Invited to take advantage of our list of dub Papers on another
page.

CHAS. H. MAROT, Publisher, 814 Chestnut St., Philadelphia.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

Everything for the Garden

and ofter NOW (from June 1st to August 15th),

CELERY PLANTS.

Half DAvarf, Half White, Boston Market, Larc^e White Solid, and Dwarf Red. Any
of the above Celery plants, by mail, 75c. per 100 — By express for $2.50 per 500, $4 per 1,000.

CABBAGE PLANTS.

Premium Flat Dutch, Large Drumhead, D'head Savoy, and Red (for pickling). Any
of the above Cabbage plants by mail, 75c. per 100 — By express S2 per 500, or S3 per 1,000.

CAULIFLOWER PLANTS.

Earlv Erfurt and Early Paris. By mail SI .50 per 100— By Express $3.50 per 500, or
$Gper 1,C00.

Full instructions for cultivation of Celery, and all other vegetables, will be found in
our book, " Gardening for Profit," price i5;1.50 each, post-paid, by mail, or to purchasers of
$10 worth and upwards, from this advertisement (naniing paper), the book will be sent
without charge.

PETER HENDERSON & CO.,

35 Corthindt Streof, New York.

AUGUST ROLKER ^ SONS,

44 Dey St., New York.

p. O. BOX 899.

IMPORTERS OF BULBS, SEEDS, ETC.

Roman Hyacinths,

Lilium Candidum,

Dutch Hyacinths,

Tulips, Crocus, &c., &c.

suKD YOUR ordehs in time to secure eirst pick.

SPECIAL OFFER

Of ORCHIDS offered by AUGUST VAN GEERT, Ghent, will be mailed free on application.

Collection A, 12 Orchids, in 12 varieties, for - - . $75 qq

B,12 " 12 " " - - . 12.5 00

C,24 " 24 " " - - . 12.5 00

D. 24 " 24 " " - . . 200 00

" E, 15 '• from tempered cold-house, for - - 100 00

TAKEN AT HIS GREENHOUSE IN GHENT, BELGIUM.

AUGUST ROLKER & SONS,

Sole Agents for United States, NEW YORK.

77/A HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

Landscape Gardeners,

SMITH & BUTLER,
Newport, Rhode Island.

Plans and estiiiiatus p;ivcn for any puit of the country.

THE AMERICAN

Steamsliip Pomimnv of I'liiludelpliia. l'liil«i!el|>hia A r,iverpool
Line. The ouly 'I riui.s-Atlantic line fnilinfr un(l(!r tlie Ameri-
can Fla;;. Siiil up; cvi-ry 'I'hurnlay from Philadelphia, and
Wednesday from Liverpool.

The Red Star Line,

Carrviiiff the Belgian and United State.s Mails. SaiUna; every
twelve days, alternately from I'hiladelphia and New York.
Direct and ouly

TO AKTWEBP.

The American «nd Red Star Lines heins under one manage-
ment, Exeureion tickets are good to return by either, tliu8 sav-
ing the expense and annoyance of re-croa>inii the Channel.

For r»tes of passaee and g'-neral informntion apply to
apltf I'KTER WUIGHT & .VO.V.V, fhila, U'en'l Agts.

Architects' and Builders' Pocket Companion

AND PRICE BOOK.

By FKANK \V. VOUDKS, Architect,
ConPisting of a .short but comprehensive epitome of Pecimals,
Duodecimals, Geometry antl Mensuration, with tiiblos of U.S.
M-asures, strenL-ths.etc. of iron, wood, stone and various other
materials, quantities of materials in given sizes and dimensions
of wood, brick and stone, and a lull and complete bill of prices
for carpenter vork. Also, rules for computin? and valuing
brick and 1>iick-work, Pton(>-work, p linting, plastering. &r. 2-*4
pages, 16mo., cloth, price SI. 50. Tuck, $2 On. Sent by mail, post-
age free, on receipt of price. Address CHAS. H. MAROT,
«I4 Chestnut St.. Philad'a.

lOO will p'oduce more truit and finer the first season
than 1,000 Plants gi-ovvn in the ordinary way.

All the Standard Varieties at S2 50 PER I OO.

FOREST ROSE - CRESCENT SEEDLING,

smd a numb.r of other new txa'iftliex of great excellence.
A Pamphlet on "Pot Grown " Strawberries free.

A HANCE Sl son. Red Bank, N. J<

dveKtisCi

A

M

CTIVP

CENTS

<l>ieust !Ui(

llnsr g') HI ^-iycljl.-, .Sil.rllllt

m the PHILA. ACJENTS' HERALD.
I best reprtsentative paper of its kind.

lOOD CvERYWHERc

S'llii g r* >od», Klovcliii-s, p itent.-i, faniy (iocjds. unromos,
_ ^iple Uanv" DIotjons, liciure.'-.r RAM Ks, Engravinsrs,
ichiuery, Qiih.^crip'ion Books, .Magazines. Paper-^, Stat'ry.
'dicines, Oi)ecialties, Jewelry, Toys, New Inventions, and
1000 different articles being advertised in the AGP>NTS'
HERALD. Answer no other adv. •rtisement, invest no money
in Aireuts' Ooo Is. until von have sent for h cotiv and seen the

MANY HARD TIMES OFFERS

01 over lOii respoiisiliie advertisers in the tli-rald wnnting Agents.
Sco'ea of riri'iff ■'•u f • He'rinners and others out of employment.
EVERY A WAKE should ntonceplaee himself indirect
WIDE ^^CEj>IT communication with all firms every-
where who want Agents, by sending his permarnent address for
insertion in the onlv A^reuts' Directory published in the World.

PORTKAITS, Ac, drawn by Machinery, learner! in ^ min-
utes from Insructions sent. SMITHOGRAPU redticed
to only 2,5 CENTS, or with Paints, Crnyons, Pencils,
Blenders, Copies. Ac, complete, onlv $1 25. Extra fine,
large pear wood Instruments, beautifully poli-hed. witti
brass wheel rever-ihle point and pei,cil holders only $2 .50.
AGEXTS WANTED. Circulars, terms, *c , and a heauriful
10x14 Engravimr of th3 Sraiihr)graph, with sample caid and
full particulars of the Agents' Di ei tory. and a copy of the
Agt's 14er<ild o" fo"- ffrr-en >^t»nip (.\V> I'lxtnl Cnrda notireri).

L. LUNI SMITH, 717 Sansom St.,Phila., Pa.

Roses, Roses, By Mail.

in Beautiful Kver-Blrjomini: Itoses, post paid to any arldresn,
for $1. (10, jmrchaser's selection. All the best varir-tii-H. Tli«
l)e..-t indnr-ements offered to purch)lser.^ of Greenhouse and
Bedrling Pliints in the U. S. for Spring of 1878. All planU
walTar.ted to reach the purchaser in gr)Od conditio'.). Cata-
logues Free, and send for one before pirircbBsing <lsewhere.
Address W. H. BRENNER! AN,

let) 6 HurrlHburg, Pa.

C!T^T3 A TirrTS'n'TS TI TT?C! *• "iiclies, largest, best, moBt
U 1 iwii VV IJ iJXblwlijU Hardy and Productive.
Plant thi' KdII an<l save 11 year (Jn-'t Ani'Tican, Monarch, Es-
sex, CumbiMland Triumph. SHAKPLE.SS, very large, new,
llrra, sweet, excellent, hardy ond productive. Sl)t)uld be in
every collection. Cr' scent, Pif)ner-r, Can. .lack, and others
Julys. Senrl tor Catalogue. WM. P ARRY, Cinnaminsou,N.J

imSERYMAN'S

DIRECTORY

of 1877-78.
.A reference book of the Nurserymen, Florists, Seedsmen, Tree
Dealers, &c., for the United States. Alphabetically arraagr d by
States and Post Ofiices. 310 pages, 8vo. Price $10.00. Mailed
post-paid, on receipt of price.

Addiess, CH.\S. H. MAROT,

814 Cnestnu: St., Phila.

Equal to pot plants at much lower rales. Set in Atig. and Sept.,
(and later Srjuth). Will produce a fnll crop the following Spring.
Ready after Aug 1st. by the doz., 100 or 10)0, cireap AiS>, a
full stock of Peach and r>ther nur-eiy trees, Sm.ill F.uit Plants,
Vines, &c., of best quality and at low rates, .send forcircu-
larto CHAS. BLACK & BRO.,

July 2 Village Nurseries, Hightstowt), N. .1.

New TuberoTis Rooted Begonias.

Three tiioisand well rooted plants, raised from seed carefully
hybridized from thetiuest .striin-< in cultivation, of all shales of
color, irom the purest white to deep carmine, whir'h will
blossom aljundantly until frost. Fine strong plants sent post
paid securely packed on receii)tof price as follows : Per doz.,
$a.00 ; r>ne-half doz.. $:^.00. I am booking orders, to bede-
livered in the Fall, ' f ill ttre new and leading European kin a,
including those of B' Igian, Oern)8n, French unrl E.rglish origin.

irrlv 2 DAM > 1, BARK V R, Florist, etc., Norfolk, Va.

COR SALE AT A GREAT BARGAIN- I'he Garden City Grcen-
r Dou.'is, .'"IJ anu Oil C.»rr,a4- ^<rove Avenue, Clrlcago, 111.
r!)e above-na rred, and most popular place otr the South Side,
will be sold at a great sacrific, on account of ill health, with
the comiili'te and jierfect sfrrck of Green-house, Uot-hou-it* an I
Bedding Plants. Tlie birildings consist 01 a t«o story brick
dwelling house of eight rooms, brick office and fivegreen-houses,
work-shed, stable and cellar for coal. Healing apparatus and
everything in perfr'ct order, with a grouird lease to run live or
ten years, at the very low rate of otte hundred dollars a year.
For a man with a small amount of money to invest, this chance
cannot be surpassed. Forfrtrther particulars call on or address,

C. U. NIX. Room T, Tl Washirlgton st
July 1 or, M. A. TREFRY. on the Premises

Toi3acco Stems,

For Fumigating puriroses, for sale in bales of about 400
lbs,, free on boat or cars at $5 per bale, or three baKs lor $12
on one order.

STRAITON & STORM,

aug12

17 S ti; ISO rearl Street,

New Yokk Citt.

IT£\f\£\ Agents Wanted to subscribe for the Agents*
^^^^^^^^ .Journal. A- handsomely bound 24 page Jour-
nal irr'm lull of interest to Airents. Every agent should see a
copy of It. Send Postal Card for Specimeu Copy. .Aoents'
Journal, N. Y. janl2

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER

[EJcST^^IBIjISHEXD lS-^4.]

(^

HITCHINGS & CO.,

No. 233 Mercer Street,

Between Bleecker and West 3d Streets,

NEW YORK.

Offer their very Iiorge Stock of

GrefiE-insB Healli Apratns

At prices lower than at any time
within the past thirty years.

^^ Patent Corrugated Fire Box Boilers,
Conical Boilers,

Saddle Boilers and
Base Burning Water Heaters;

Heating Pipes and Pipe Fittings

OF BVEUY DESCRIPTION AND SIZE.

SASH-LIFTING- APPARATUS

OF MOST APPROVED FORMS,

Send G cents postage for Catalogue, References
and List of Prices.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

lYI. lYI. BAYERSDORFER $c CO.,

56 North Pourth Street,

PHILADELPHIA, PA„

Wr- bf'cr to rail tliG atlenlion of the WHOLESALE and RETAIL TRADE in
FLORISTS' GOODS to our will assorted btock for the Fall season:

BOQUET PAPER (Italiens,)

i^htin White Kduee, Gold !ind Silver Edgeo, Pjjsted Carfoonp, White Satin for Brida)
Bo<luet'^, Fiincy Lace Papers for Wedinj^s, Receptions and Parties.

IMMORTELLES,

(Original buneheH, selected by one of our firm.) White
Hud all culois.

DRIED GRASSES AND FLOWERS,

111 ii:ic;.t varieiiesand btyles; very suitable lor urijamental purposes.

BASKETS,

Hr.iw II vanrshed Willow Baskets. Wheat Straw and While Gilt Baskets.

ORNAMENTAL GRASS BOQUETS,
FRENCH GREEN MOSSES,

TIN FOIL, Best in Market,

WIRE DESIGNS for CUT FLOWERS.

Prize Medal of Cincinnati Indastrial Exposition of 1873; Medal and Diploma of International
ExpoBition of 1877, '^For best display of Boqxiet Papers."

Send orders early in Fall. Illustrated Catalogue furnished gratia on appll ".ation. t.aug.tf

GREENHOUSES, GRAPERIES, Etc.

Their Construction a Specialty. Experience of 20 Years.

SHIPPED TO ALL PARTS OF THE COUNTRY. ^ Se.d for catalogue. Address,

LORD'S HORTICULTURAL WORKS,
jnnetf Irvington-on - Hudson, New..York.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

Anthericum Vitatum Variegatum,

FROM THE CAPE OF GOOD HOPE.

This is certainly one of the finest of this class of

ORNAMENTAL FOLIAGE PLANTS

That has been oflfered for years. Leaves fifteen to twenty inches loni^, gracefully recurved; very
briijht green ; deeply edged and striped with white. It has been compared by many to Pandanus
Yeitchii, which it resembles in its general appearance. Easily grown in any greenhouse or
■window. A beautiful plant for the center of stands and vases. Said to be quite hardy.

IVIy Catalogue of New Plants for Spring of 1878

Kow ready, and will be mailed free to all on application. Terms, cash with the order.

WM. K. HARRIS, Kingsessing Nurseries,

iiebi3. 5501 Darby Itoad, Philadelphia*

200,000 TWO YEAR OLD DWARF PEAR TREES,

Jiiidfled on Jiest French Stocks, and of Prime Quality. J^argely of
IDTJCHESS lI>'.A.lSr30XJLEXvfl:E, I.OTJISE EOlSTlSrE IDE JETJSE^ST,
Doyenne d'Ete, Osband's Summer, Clapp's Favorite, Bartlett, Beurre CifTard, Blood-
good, Madeleine, Brandywine, Kirtland, Ott, Tyson, BufTum, Bell Lucrative, Howell,
Doyenne Boussock, White Doyenne, Beurre Clairgeau, Beurre Hardy, Beurre Diel,
Urbaniste, Swan's Orange, Beurre d'Anjou, Vicar of Winkfleld, Lawrence, Jeannette,
Clout Morceau.

THE ATTENTION OP NURSERYMEN, DEALERS AND PLANTERS

la invited to the above stoclv, wliich is biilievecl to be uasnrpassed in qu ility by any in the United States. Those intendius; to
plant largely will do well to corrrfspond with ud. We can refer to largj bbarino Pear orchards in New Jersey. Virginia, Ken-
tucljy, Texas, and other States, which bear testimony to the quality and reliability of our trees. " Dwarf Fears, their Culture
and Managemeut," mailed to applicants.

A PULL ASSORTMENT OP OTHEU NURSERY STOCK AT PRICES TO SUIT THE TIMES.

Address, U. G. HANFORD & SON, Colmnbus Nursery,

t-jnne-4 COIuTra^BXrs, OHIO.

m\\ MTIM MD EMIC,

A SPECIALITY.

OARDENEB TO

NEW GERANIUMS,

r ^A. 3sr 3sr ^sr .A^isriD i^ .a- Ij i^ la: .

We can supply large specimen plants of above at 50 cts. each.

<TOod 8tr)cl< plants per doz., - - - - $3 00

Small plants, ...... iso

Tn-'se wishing a desirable and falable stock for next season

would do wi'U to consult our Descriptive Catalogue, furnished

on application.

We import from Europe all the finest NEW varietit^s as they | > «>#A^^^lil KS ^ Efe ^ I I I

appear, and grow only the most deMrahle of the OLD(i:K. Our «| , VwAKKblv IVIIlKKILiLa

«tock is in the finest condition. We have everything advertised

in sufficient quantity to fill all orders. None but good plants , if- lu fSfrppt Cftmhridnpnnrt MnSH

sent out. See advertisement, page 5, Gardener's Monthly. ^f^i^COCK mreei, f^amorniffcpoi I, mcuflf.,

for.lune.

pTTTp A pn "PT AT5 AT pn offers for Sale or Exchange the Largest Stock and Variety of

*'***>i'***JU r ijUI\«Xllj wU., Ferns, both Am'ric.-.D and Foreign, to be found in the country.

3 8th Si. and Grand Boulevard, Chicago, Hi. catalogue sent on application to any who desire to purchase.
July 3. ^ Small planta can be sent safely by mail. sprS

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

DIAM/^ Bi-anlifiil Conrort Oriinil /^ D tf^ A M
KIAIMV/ VUxw*, rnst 8I,600 t » "< « ■ «* 'M

STIJsitvTiiei ii (J'-and Square Viaiiofi. com $1.. . . ^ ..,.-.

Rk-;;iiiil I'vrlirht I'inno-. c(i«t 9»iOO on'v «ir»5. N^'w Style
Ui)riL'lit I'iMiios. SH'^.ftO. Oi-KaiiH S;)5 oivmi!', 1!« siopM,
f7'4..'>0. Cliiir.li Oririi' !<, 1« ^l<i|>«. to.-t $.'{<.»<>, only $115.
Eli:!.'aiil 837.'» Mirror to|) OrL'auf. only 8105. 'rnn'u'mloU'*
pacritlce to c-lo8i> out prcoi-nt !<lork. IniiTi«'iit»e New St<'ani
Factory soon to 1)3 erfctod. .N>vv;<i>a'>iT wlli \\v\r\\ iufurina-
tioii about cost PianoB aud Oreaii" SENT Fl< KK. I'lcase
addn'8- DAI«1»< I^ K. IIEATTV,

tJDDeS 'WaHliliif;toii, N. J.

15. X-,"2"3SrE]2r

Farm for Sale,

Near Worcester, Mass.

In all the bart.'alns offi'rod l)v Wentcrn railroads" did you ever
see any 111 ills uqiiul lo this? $15.38 an acre and the buildings
thro«ii ill (the Icnci-s on the farm cost more than W'iSy), t>5 acres
IX miles troni dcjKit ; fine wood lot, 6(J0 cords; now keeps 3
C«'WS, c>in easily be made to keep six; mowed by machine; KO
choici- frnit trees; bordered by trout brook. Collate, i! rooms,
painted and papered. liaru y<>x30. wayon lioti^e, etc., only
f '(KM), ps't ca.«h. balance $.V) a year. The wood when marketed
will pay for the farm. Remember this is not a hif^hly colored
description, but was taken Irom the owner rij»ht on the farm.
Thif, with limidreds of better farms, fully desiribeU in our
list, pofrt paid to any address.

-, ; GEO. H. CHAPIN,

Hei'ald Baildiny, Boston.

janee

PRESERVING, PICKLING AP CANNING FPtOlT.

By Mrs. M. E. Peterson.
Containing a choice collection of receipts of Preserving,
Ficklin<r, and Canning Fruits, many of them biing original from
hon.sewtves of experience. 72 page:*, 16mo, (loth. Price 50
-cents. Sent by mail, post-paid, on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila

Rear of 428 Walnut Street, Philadelphia.

MaiiiilH<tureof PL A I N mi.l KA NC Y W I li K-W(»li K, for Kl.O-
KIvSTS ; Wreaths ('rofscs. Slurs, Crowns, Hearts, An<'hor8,
Hirds, l,anibs.(Ji])sy BaskeUt, lluiiglug Hu>kei«, Flower Staods,
Ac latest desi^ins.

The NOVKLTY BUTTEKFI.Y, for Cut- Flower Designs, la a
great attraction. Assorted sizes and colors, 6<l cents for 10.

8 In U m. lUln. 13 Id

Wire Hanging BasketH, painted, I.U<) \.'i:> 1.50 li ( 0 per doz.
'• " galvanized, 1.25 L.'jO 1.76 'iW "

SEND FOR PRICK LIST. t-feb-tf

J. B. HICKMAN,

Collcctnr of Pulbs and SjeriB ot California Wild Plowftrw, San

JUfin, San KontU) Co., Cal. tmajC

BY BEN.I. F. WILLIAMS, F. R. H, 8.

Containing descriptions of 930 Specifts and Varlefiee of
OrcUitlaceouH Plauts with notices of times of flowering,

a|>prov<!d modes of treatment uiiii i)raclical instructions on
gineritl culture. Remarks on heat, moisture, soil, .seasons
of erowtli and rv.sl suiied to the several speci'S.

FIFTH EDITION ENLARGED WITH COLORED FRONTISPICE

ami niimennis l»-Hiiiiful iilu-tralious, 336 Paj^eii 1'4 iiiu.

Clo<U. Price $3.50. Sent by mail, po.-lage tree on receipt

ot price.

1 4tli edition of the above work also on hand, 306 pages 12 mo.

cloth, illustrated. Price $2.50. Sent by mail, postage free, on

receipt of i)rice. Address
I CHAS. H. MAROT,

i 814 ChtB'nut Street, Philadelphia.

ilAL OP SMALL FRUIT CULTURE,

BY E. P. ROE,

("The chapter on picking and marketing is eminently practi-
cal and Beiisible. ' — Anueric.an Aijriculturi.tt.)

How to raise and market Sirawberruis, Raspberries, Currants,
Gooseberries, Bbickberries, &c. 82 pages, 8 vo., paper, price
60 cents. Mailed pos'-paid on receipt of jjrice. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St.. Phila.

nr FASHION BLE CARDS no two alike, with
/ n name, 10 . 20 Scroll, with name, 10c.,po6t paid. Agent's
LU uuttitlOc.

novl2 GEO. I. REED & CO., Naessua, N. Y.

WALTER ELDER,
LAJfDSCAr£ ANi> jonjuyG GAJtnx:Ni:ii,

12:-J1 Rodman Street, Philadelphia,
Attends t« all branches of his hu-iness on ri-.'isonable terms.

^GRAPE CULTURALIST."

By Andrew S. Fuller.

A treatise on the Cultivation of the Native Grape Illustrated.
28G pages, 12mo, cloth. Price 81.50. Sent by mail post-paid on
receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Pbila.

FRUIT AND BREAD.

A Natural and Scientific Diet.

BY OUSTAV SCHLICKEYSEN.

Translated from the German by M. L. Ilolbrook. M. D. In-
tended to show what is the natural food of man ; to lead him to
become a living cliild of ntture ; to simplify and btautify hie
maimer of living; to emancipate women from the diui'gcry of
the kitchen ; to lead to increased use of fruit ; to dimish the use
of flesh, and where possible, to do away with its use altogether ;
to improve the health and add to the enjoyments and value of
life. Cloth, 250 pages; 12ino. illu^trated. Price, $1. Sent by
mail post-paid on receipt of i)rice. Aildress,

CHAS. H. AIAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

OR,

CARPENTRY MADE EASY,

THE SCIENCE AND ART OF BUILDING.
By W. E. Bell, Arcliitcct.
A new and improved system. > pecific initructions for Balloon
Frames, Bam Frames, Mill Frames, Wareiiouses, Church Spires,
Jlc. Also, System of Bridge Building. Bilk, Estimates of Cost and
valuable tables. Illustrated by 38 plates and nearly 200 figures. 134
yiges, 8vo, cljth. Price, Js-oo- Sent by mail post paid on receipt
of price. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

The Farmer's Account Book

A Complete System of Itook-Keeplii{^ for Kariuerti^
Plaiil«V8 and Oartlenerx,

BY A. L. CAMPPIELD.

Every one should keep a strict account of all business trans-
actions, and thereby save much trouble that comes of neglect.
'I'his is a i)lain, practical system of book-keeping, ea.'ily under-
stood, and especially a'ajited lo the wants i7f the Farmer.
Full instructions in each book. Can be carried in an ordinary
pocket; )8t> pages, hound in sheep skin. Price 76 cents. Mailed
postage free on receipt of price. Address

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

PEAR CULTURE FOR PROFIT.

BY I'. T. (iULNN.

A practical Horticulturist and author of "Money in the Garden."
Containing pra'tical method of riising Pears intelligently and
with best results ; character « f soil, best mo<l« of preparing it;
best varieties to select under existing conditions ; bei-t mode of
planting, pruning, fertilizing, grafting, and utilizingilie ground
belore Ihe trei-s come iiil<i> bearing, and tlually gatheriiig and
packing tor market. Illustrated with prai'.tiralcutson prunning
and grafting, distance taJde an 1 orctiard record. 1.^6 fages, 12
mo. cloth. Pric^; $1. Sent by mail, post-paid on receipt of
price. Address,

CHAS^H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St.. Phila.

LONDON GARDENER'S CHRONICLE

Will be furnished, post-paid, direct to subscribers in the U. S.
foe $7.50 per yaar. Apply to

novtf CHA.&1. M. M AliOT, A«enf, 814 ChMbnut St., Phila.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

A. F. CHATFIELD,

IMPORTER AND GROWER OF

EAST INDIAN

ORCHIDS

PRICES ON APPLICATION.

Alb-tny. N. Y., March 1. 1S78.

mchtf

SUBTROPICAL GARDEN;

Or, Seautif of Form in the Flower Garden.

By W. Robinson, F.L.S.
Beantifnlly illustrated. 241 pajres, 12mo, cloth. Price, $2.75.
Mailed, poritage free, on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

ART OF GRAFTING AND BUDDING.

By Charles Baltet.
Appropriately and fully illn«tratpd by cut?, showing meth-
ods, tools and appliances. 230 pages, 12mo, cloth. Price,
$2.00. Mailed, postage free, on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT.

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

Fruit Growers' Hand-Book.

By F. R. Klliott, p.nthor of "Western Fruit Growers'
Guide," (ouc of the b---8t p.isted men on the subject in the I
United States). Contains the nractice on all subjects connec- ;
ted with fruit growing. The book is ma'ie tor rhose who grow
fruit for their ovvn use. Also an Appendix, containing matter
relating to the selection and culture of Uraaiuental Trees,
Ro.jep, Planrs, &c. Illustrated with 45 wood-cuts, i: 0 pages,
16mo clotli, $1 ; paper, 60 cts. Sent by mail postpaid on re-
ceipt of price. Address

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila. j

THE VEGETABLE GAUEEH.

BY JAMES HOGG.

A complete guide to the cultivt^tion of Vegetables, contain-
ing thorough instructions for Sowing, Planting and Cultiva-
ting all kinds of Vegetables; with plain directions for prepar-
ing, manurinir and tilling the soil to suit each plant; including
also a sumujaVy of the work to be done in a vegetable garden
during each month of the year. 131 pages, 16mo., cl.ith. II-
instrated. Price 50 cents; sent by mail, postpaid, on receipt
of price. Address

CHAS. H. MAEOT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

BOOK OF ROSES.

By Francis Parkman.

Description, Cultivation a'-d Propagation. Beautifully ilhis-
i ira'ed. 225 pages, 12mo, eloih. Price SI. 50. S.nt by mail
post-paid on receipt ol price.
*^ Address CHAS. H. MAROT.

814 Chestnut St., Phila,

ROSES AND ROSE CULTURET

By Wm. PAin., F.R.H.S.
The rationale of Rose cultivation in a nut-shell. Intended to
place within a small compass all that is necessary for the successtul
cultivation of the " Queen of Flowers." 83 pages, izmo, paper-
boards. Price, 60 cents. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of.
price. Address,

^ CHAS. H MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

PARSONS ON THE R0SE7~

By Samuel B. Pai-sons.

t A treatise on the Propagation, Culture and History of the
Rose. Illustrated. 215 p?ges 12mo, cloth. Price 81-50. Sent,
bv mail post-paid on receipt of price.

, Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

AMERICAN FRUIT CULTURIST.

BY JOHN J. THOMAS.

Practical directions for the Cultivation of Fruit Trees in the

NURSERY, ORCHARD AND GARDEN.

Descriptionsof the principal American an4 Foreign larictif-s.
Plain Edition, 480 engravings, 511 pages, 12 mo. Price, $3.00
MailiKi post-paid on receipt of price.

Cy Kstra Kdition, 576 pages, heavy paper, fin© cloth, 508

illutrations and chromo frontispiece; mailed, for 83.75."%3

Address CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chest nu St.. Phil^

B TJ L S S,

By Edward Spragub Rand, Jr.

A treatise on Hardy and Tender Bulbs and Tubers. 357 pages,
»2mo, cloth. Price, ^1.50. bent by mail post-paid on receipt
of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT.

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

HowTo Paint

A New Work by a Prartir-al Painter, design
ed for the nee of Tradeomeii, JfJecfaanIrs,
ITIercliaiit«- Farniem, and as a Guide to Pro-
lennioiial Paliiteri*. Containing a.Plain Com-
mon-Sense Statement of the Melhcis employed by
Painters to produce satisfactory results in Plain
and Fancy PalnlliiKof every description, iuclnd
Ing Formulas for Mixlns Paiat in Oil or
Water, Tools required, etc. This is Jnst the Book
needed by any pereon having anything to paint, aod
makes

"Every Mar His Own Painter.'

Full Directions fc Jsing Wlilte I.ead-L.ani|»>
Black— (ireer -Yellow — Brown — Whlt-
1ns — Glue- Pumice Stone — Spirit" of
TurpeiitlP 1 — Oil" — VariilHlien — Furul-
inre Varnisli — niilk Paint — Preparlna
Kalsomliie, etc.

Paint for Outbuildings

— Whitewasli— Paste for Paper-Hanslna:—
Haiiifins Paper -Oraiiiin:; in Oak, j^laple,
KoMewood, Bliick W alnut— Staliiins—
Decalcomania— IWaklna Ku8ti<- Pl<-t5ire«

— Paliitint; Flower-Stands— Rosewood
Polish — Varnlslilns Furniture— Wax-
ing furniture— Cleanlngf Paint—

Paint for Farming Tools

-forlTIaclilnerj'-Houseliold Fixtures, etc

To Paint a Farm Wagon

-to Bc-Varnlsli a Carriage— to make Plas-
ter Caiots. The work \« neatly printed, with illue-
trations wherever they can serve to make the subject
plainer, and it will save many times its cost
yearly. Every family should poseess a copy. Prlc«
•y mftll, poet-paid, $1.

CHARLES H. MAROT,

614 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, Pa

8

riir. iiOR'rici'f/nRAL AnvERTJSF.R.

SOUTHERN ENTERPRISE

Kor the DfVclopiiK'iit otoiir Miili-iliil K.'Sdih .-r-. il.vntid to
IrumifxniUon, Sniitlhiii rm^jrons, Niiiiiiiuil l'^u^p^rily. lliippy
Uural Mfc 111 roll ;;ii I'lactioal ll'irllcultiirc, Klcvulcd" AltIcuI"-
turc (the fiiniu'r bt-iii;,' the crntlh- of Ilic liiItcT), Divernitlcd
Imlii-trii'S, rlc. i^

PUBLISHED AT ATLANTA, GA., FOR $1 PER ANNUM.

S. '1. .iKNKiSM. K(lil(.r 1111(1 I'loiiiiclor; .1. S. Nkwman, As-o-
ci«t»' h^litor. Hcwivr — inipnrt ; know— be kuowu. Everytliiug
Bimll In- HHcrillcerl to rcliiil>ilify. feb 12

PRACTICAL HINTS

On the solertioii and iisi' of the

MICROSCOPE,

iHtriidiHl for bejjiniiora, liy .John I'iiin.

Editor of tho Am. .Journal of Mirrowcopy. Kulargcd edition.
Protnscly illiistnited ; isi pp., 12mo., cloth; price, 7S cts.
Mailed post-paid on receipt of price. Aildresti,
OHAS. H. MAKOT, 814 Cliet-tniit St., Phila.

SECOND HAND BOOKS.

TELEGRAPH ENGINEER,

Office k Salesroom 180 E' way, N. Y. City. P. 0. Eos 4261

MiiiiiilMciiinr of iiiid dejiler in 'rfli';;rapli ApparaliiM, and ;«iip-
pliiH cif all kind.". 'reli'Lrnipli Mihk lluilt and Ki|nipi)ed with
Ti-liMilione.-, DiiiN or other upparatiiH. Sole iiiauiifiii^lurer of
tlie "Uanker'f and HrokerV (Mn-ek I'rolector," an Hb^•ol^^te pro-
tection a;;>iin?<t fraudulont raising ol properly written cbeckn,
>^c. Keconiniended and in n tie by the I'ublixlier of thiH.four-
iial, and by ISankn, I!ankert<, uud Bn^<ine(■H Men generally. tin6

Plants Genuine! Packed Free!!

Brundywine (Su.sqneco) Has'pberriee uiui WilsouV Early IJlnck-
berricH from stock that produced the (.'eiiti nnial prize berrieH ;
$1..M) per nil), $12 pi-r 10(11); KIttatiny and Lawton$s per 1000;
Strawlxrrieji, (ireat .\meiiciin. $1 per 10. S-^per lOO, $40 per lOOO;
UuchenKe, I'routy. $10 per lOiiO; Cajit. Jack, Cumbi-rland, Tri-
umph, .Incniida, Sterlitif,'. $.'> ; Hoydi'ii, No. HO, Triomphe de
(Jand, Dnncau, $4 ; Col. rheeny, AtrriciilturiHt, ('lianipion, %^ ;
Albany, Monarch of West, Star of West, Clia.M. Dowuiu'^, Ken-
tucky, Greeu Prolific, $2. Order now ot

JOHN S. COLLINS.

DOvtf

JHooffti-town, JV. «7.

OF

By Mail on Hcccipt of Price.

Speak Quickly if You Want Them. PRACTICAL LANDSCAPE

GARDENING.

BY r. It. ELLIOTT

Designed for City and .Suburban Kesidcnces, and Country
School- Houses' ; containing designs for lots and groiinrii^, from a
lot 30 hy 100, to a forty-acre plot. Each plan is drawn to scale,
with schedule to each, showing where each tree, shrub. &c.,
sliould bt planted; condensed instructions for forming and ear-
ing tor lawns; building of roads ; turflng, protection, pruning
and care of trees ; maki'ng cuttings, evergreens, hedges, screens,
&c. Condensed descriptions of all the leading trees and shrubs;
soil and position in which they should be grown. Illustrations of
ground plans, elevations, trees, shrubs, winter g irdening. &c.
96 i)p., 8 vo. cloth. Price $1.50. Sent by mall on receipt of
price. Address, ^

CHAS. H. M A ROT,^l4 Chestnut St., Philadelphia^^

The Gardener's Monthly.

THE FOI.LOWINti

BACK NUMBERS

l3e~Say in your order ".Second-hand Li8t."_,aj]

Anderson's Agricultural Chemistrv

Boyd's Philadel|ihia Business Directory (1817-78) .

Beet Culture and Beet Sugar, hy Childs .

Buist's Family Kitchen Gardener

Christy's Chemii-try of Agriculture

Chorlton's Gra|te Growers' Guide, 1 copy at

Copeland'8 Country Life

Cobbett's American (Jurdener

Dana's Murk Manual ....

Donaldson's .Manures. (Jrass and farming ,

Downing's Uural Et^says

'• Fruits and Fruit Trees of America, 1 copy at

" " " " 1 copy at

" " " " 1 copy at

" Land.^cape Gardening and Rural Architecture,

" Cottage Residences

Downing's Cottage Residences (Svo.)

Fowler's Hornet for All

Field's Pear Culture ....

French's Farm Drainage

Gucrnon on Milch C^ows

Horticulturist, )^ Tky., (good as new) 3 vols., IS.V1, 1866,
and 1S57, $2.60 each

Hovey's Magazine. 17 vols, octavo "

Henderson's (rardening for Pleasure

Johnson's Agricultural Chemigtry

Langstroth on the Honey Bee

Loudon's Encyclopwdia of Agriculture, x Tky.
" " Gardening, "

" " Cottage An-hitecture, X Tky.

Liebeg's Farmers' Chemistry, 1394 pages, 8 vo.

Leibeg's Familiar Letters 011 Chemistry

Marazathy'e Grape Culture and Wine Making

Mead's " " "

M nun's Practical Land Drainer .

Mc.Mahon's American (iardener

Mc ntosh's Orchard, with colored plates, .
" Greenhouse with colored plates,

Norton's Scientific Agriculture

New Americen Orchardist

Planters' Guide ....

Qniuby's Bee Keeping ....

Reemeliu's Vine-drc*ser'8 Manual,

Saunder's Domestic Poultry

Smee on the Potato Plant

Tobacco and its Culture, Billings,

Ten Acres Enough ....

Todd's How to M.ike Farming Pay

Wood's Class-book of Botany

" " " for Schools,

" Object Lessons in Botany

What I Know of Farming (Greeley)
Woodward's Rural Art

1 00
75
75
76
75
6(1
75

2 60
1 00
1 00
'/OO
1 50

3 00
5 00

1 25
3 00

2 00
1 .50

75
1 00
1 00

75

7 .50

10 00

1 25

2 00

1 25

7 50

7 ,50

7 50

3 50

1 00

4 (lO

3 00

.50

1 25

3 00

3 00

1 00

1 00

1 50

1 25

75

75

75

2 25

1 00

2 00

2 50

1 00

1 25

2 00

1 00

75

WANTED, IN

<3-003D C01>T3Dim03Sr.

April, IfidO.

Aiifliist, 1S0».
Sfjitt'tt'hef, "
Ortohfr. "
Nnvetuln'V, "
ItfcetnOt'f, "
.lantiary, 1870.
July, "

J>«'rvt»i>fr, IS70,
.Tntittiirii, 1S7'-if
ffinmiiri/, 1S7H.
Jtrcftnbrr, ♦'
,T)inimrji, 1S74.
Ffhfiittfjf, "
Aiiffift, "

January, 187!t.

J->hruary, 1S75.
March, *'

January, 1S70.
January, 1877.
February, "
March, "

August, "

J'ebruary, 1878.

Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut .St., Phila.

Receivable in exchange on Subscription account, or exchang-
able for otlier numbers not in above list. Send numbers pre-
paid by mail, and advise the publisher. Addr-s-s,

CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 ChewtMiit St., Phila.

Art of Propagation.

AHandbook for Nurserymrn, Florists, Gardeners, and
Everybody, 32 pagi'S octavo, paper, illustrated with 26
cuts, price 60 cts. Mailed, postage free, on receipt of price.
Address

CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila,

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

l\r XJ DFl. S E3

TE" CJ ja.rL

t^"Sen(l for Circular ami conditions of insertion under this heading. _,aa

K. BLISS & SONS,
>eeiitiaifr], IS. V. (Jiiv

R. BUIST, Sr., Nurservman,

tiitti St. and Darby Ave , Phiia.

InoTdick,

Murser>man and Florist, Philada., Pa.

J. GRIEVES, „ ^

.'^ ur8ei>ujdn, Paterson, N. J.

PETER HENDERSON k CO., wholesale
.•-leeasm.-n and Fiuiii-t^, i\t-w York City.

W. N. MATTOON, ^^ ^
Fl'in-r. «>.swev;'>, N. Y.

THOMAS MEEHAN,
Nursery & Tree Seeds, Germant'n, Phil.

J. C- VAUGHAN, Importer aud
T)ealer in BnlUs, Chicago, 111.

FOR SALE OR RENT.

Three Greenhouses and stock. Including pots and wint.ir
flowering plants. Price of houses $4')0; stock $103 The only
Oreenhouses in a town of 10,000 inhabitants. Apply to

E. MEPSI EP, Box^364, South^ City, Pa.

A HISTORY OF

The United States of America

BY .TOSIAU W. LEEDS.

Including some important facts mostly omitted in the smalVer

histories. Designed for general reading and for academies.

Brought down to the year 1S76. 468 pp., 12nio. cloth, toned paper.

Price,$l.Ts. Sent by mail, post paid, on recept of price. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

HOW PLANTS GROW.

By Asa Gray, M. D.

A simple Introduction to Structural Botany, with a Popular
Flora, or an arrangement pnd description of Commcn Plants,
both wild and cultivated. Illustrated with 500 wood engravings.
233 pages, large 16mo, half-arabesque, papier sides. Price 81 25.
Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Cheotnut St., Phlla.

BOOK OF EVERGREENS.

By Josiah Hoopes.

A practical treatise on the Coniferie or Cone-bearing plants.
Handsomely illustrated. 4.35 pages, 12mo, cloth. Price S3.i>0
Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phlla.

AMERICAN GARDENER'S ASSISTANT

By Thomas Bridgeman.

Containing complete practical directions for the cultivation of
Vegetables, Flowers, Fruit Trees and Grapevines. Illustrated.
629 pages, 12mo, cloth. Price $2.50. Sent by mail post-paid on
receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Che^tnut St., Phila.

Mannal of Botany of tlie Norlliern nnllei Slates.

By Asa Gray.

Including the district east of the Mississippi and north of Carolina
and Tennessee. Arranged according to the Natural System. Illus-
trated with 2o plates of Sedges, Gra ses, Ferns, &c. 703 pages,
8vo, half-arabesque cloth sides. Price, j^a 25. Sent by mail post-
paid on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT.

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

PRACTICAL FLORICULTURE.

By Peter Henderson.
A Guide to the successful cultivation of

FLORISTS' PLANTS,

for the Amateur and Professional Florist. Illustrated. 288 pages,
larao, cloth, Price, ^150. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of
price.

Address. CHAS H. MAROT,

8t4 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia..

GARDENERS' DICTIONARY.

By Geo. W. Johnson, Editor of " Cottage Gardener."

Describing the Plants, Fruits and Vegetables desirable fur the
Garden, and e.vplainng the terms and operations employed in
[heir cultivation. New Edition, with a su plemeni, ii. eluding the
new plants and varieties. 910 pages, i2mo, cloth, fine print. Price,
^3.50. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

ROSE GARDEN.

By Wm. Paul, F. R. H. S.

Embracing History of the Rose ; formation of Rosarium ; detail-
ed account of practice for successful cultivation ; arrangement la
natural groups of most esteemed varieties, English and tbreign,
in the most eminent Gardens ; with full description and remarks
on origin an > mode of culture. Numerous illustrations. 2">«
pages. Royal 8vo, cloth. Price 83.00. Sent by ma'l post-paid
on receipt of price. Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

ORNAMENTAL TREES.

By Thomas Meehan.

An American Hand-Book, containing the personal observa-
tions of ihe author. 257 pages, 24mo, cloth. Price 75 els. Sent
by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Riila.

LAWN AND SHADE TREES.

By F. R. Elliott.

Deciduous and Evergreen Trees and Shrubs, for planting in
Parks, Gardens, Cemeteries, &c., &c. Illustrated. 125 pages,
lamo, cloth. Price, j; 1.50. Sent by mail, post-paid, on receipt of

^"'^^' Address, CHAS. H. MAROT.

•14 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

INSECTIVOROUS PLANTS.

By Chas. Darwin.

With copious descriptive contents and index. Illustrated.
462 pages, i2mo, cloih. Price 87.00.
Sent by maU post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phlla.

WORKING MAN'S WAY TO WEALTH.

By Epmund Wrigley.

A pr-\ctical treatise on Building Associations, ■whai they are, and
how to use them. 108 pages, i6ino, cloth. Price, 71 cents. Sent
by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT.

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

HOW TO MANAGE BUILDING ASSOCIATIONS.

By Edmund Wkigley.
Being a Director's Guide and Secretary's Assistant, with formi
for Keeping Books .and Accounts, also rules, examples and explana-
tions illustrating the various plans of working. 2U pages, i2mo,
cloth. Price, |2.co. Sent by mall post-paid on receipt of pnoe.
Addr««s, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

10

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

ARITHMETIC MADE EASY.

ROPP'S EASY CALCULATOR

Is a new niiblication thilt miis'l provt- of iiioilcn1al>li' lu-nOtU to
FaruuTS, Mccliaiiiis iiiul Bn-'ini-'s iiieii. It icso ;-<i/»i-/iiiui<)j?(;j-
fi«; ufi to Hiartio llio niM-t t^clioliiily. and yt't s<)K/i/iyi/<-aii(l ;'r<ir-
iieal that the iiios-t illiterate in flL'iircs <ai» uuitantnniu>ttj<ly
b-i-.me liiH own ai-coiuiiant. It enables ilionmindx lo <u-<''"n-
pligh in a Kiinute what they could not Uarn to calculate in many

months. . . ^ r n- ui„.

'Ihe first part containing an entirely ft«i/' '<.«'<f«m ol 1 abiee,
wbich shows at a qUtnce the exact, values .>f all Uniils of (irain.
S!oi k, Hav. Coal. Lun.b.-r, Merchandise, et^;., from ,,ne ti>iuna
up to a car loa I, and tor any price wliich the market is hUe y to
reach • the Inter, st on anv sum lor any lime at ti, i, Sand lu per
cen' • correct measurement of all kinds ot Lumber, S iw l.osjs,
Cisterns. Tanks, Granaries, Bins. Wafion Beds, Corn Cribs; a
Time. Wages, and many other vrtlnahlc tables.

The Second part is a ;)rfiW(<;ni Arithmetic, and embodies a
simple mathematical principle which euabh s ani/ one faniiliar
witli the fundamental rules to become a li(ihltiin;i nilmlator ;
and by which over tuo-tUirds of the tisrures and labor leciuired
by the ordinary methods, and fractions with their intricacies,
are entirely avoided. . • n a

The work is nicely printed on fine tinted iiaper, is well and
elegantly bound in pockei-book shape and is accompanied by a
SilH-ate Slate, Memorandum and Pocket for papers. It le by tar
the most complete, comprehensive and convenient pocket
manual fvr published.

PRICES Buiiiid tn Russia Leatlier, Gildea, »/S.UU,
Morrocco, Si. 50 ; Flue KngllUi Clotli.Sl.OO.

Sent post paid on receipt ot price. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Stuket, Fhila.

GARDENING FOR PLEASURE.

BY TETFR IIKNIIERSON.

A Ruide to Ihe Arratfur in l*'e

FRUIT, VEGKTABI.K and FLOWER GARDEN.

With full directions for the
Qre«nhou"e, Con'-ervatiry aod W-ndow-Qarden..
Illustrated. 'i'lO I'a'.'is. IJmo, cloth. I'rice Sl.60. Sent by
mail post-iiaid on receipt of price.

Address CUArf. U. MAEOT, 8U Chestnut St., PhthL.

A MANUAL OF VEGETABLE PLANTS. |

BY ISAAC F. TILLI.NOHAST.

Containing the experiences of the author in starting all those
kind* of v.-f etables which are raost difficnt for a novice to pro-
duce from seed ; with th. best methods known for combating
and repelling noxious insects and prev.ntilig the diseases to
which gardi.n vegetables are subject. 102 p.'.ges, K.nio cloth.
Price, $1.00, mailed, post-paid, on receipt of pncc. Aiidress,

CHARLES H. MAROT,

814 CUestuut St., PUlla.

^BACK VOLUMES

OF THE

Gardener's Monthly

$2 10
3 00
3 15

Can still be had in numbers, per year -
Botind in neat cloth cases, including numbers, -

" " Koan " " " "

Delivered postage free.
Or mail us your own numbers, and have them bound in cloth
cases for 90 cents. Keturned to you bound postage free.
Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street,

PHILADEI.PHIA.

GARDENING BY MYSELF.

By Anna "Warner.

Containing Hints and Experiences under heading of each
month in the year. Illustrated. 16mo, 223 paees, cloih. Price
$1.25. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of pi ice.

Address CHAS 11. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

WINDOW GARDENING.

By Henry T. Williams.

Devoied specially to the Culture of Fl \ycr8 and Ornamental
Plants for M-door v.ie and Parlor Decoration. Splendidly illas-
t atcd. 300 pages, med. 8vo, cloth. Price 81.50. Sent by mail
post-paid on r\.ceipt ol pr=co.

Address CHAS. II. MAROT,

814 Chettnut Su, Phila.

NEW AND STANDARD BOOKS

ON

ARCHITECTURE,

AND

AG-RICULTURE,

Sent post paid on receipt of price.

Woodwards Artistic Urawine; Studies $ 6 00

WoO'lwanl s Orriaraenial and Fancy Alphabets C 00

Wi.odwarii 8 Country Uom> s 100

Woodwaid s 1 ottag. 8 Hiid Fani) Houses 1 00

Woodward s Country aui ^uburbau Houses... 1 00

\' oodwarii s (rraperies, &c 100

Woodward s Designs for the Fret .""aw 50

Woodward s Nationa 1 Architect, Vol. One 7 50

Woodwards NaMona 1 Airhilect, Vol. Two.... 7 60

Wheeler s Ilomis f r the People 2 01

Wheeer's Rural Uonicp 150

Copleys tandard Alphabets 3 00

Jacques' Mauual of ilie House 1 00

Monckton's .Natioi al Stair Buildi-r 4 00

Monokt n's .\ati"iiMl Carpenter and Joiner. ... 5 00

Rural Church Architecture 4 fO

llussey s .Nationai ■ otlage Architecture 4 00

Cupper's Stair Builder ? 50

F.vel.-thK Hcho'il House Archittcluie 4 00

Harnt-y's Barns, Out Buildings snri Fences 4 01

Jacques' Oirden Farm and Barn Yard ' 50

Todd's Youiis Farmer's Manual. 3 Vo s 4 50

Vol. IF Km and W' rkshop 150

•■ 2, I'rofitable Farming 150

" 3 Wheat Culture I 50

JElliutt's L.wri and Shade Tree.* 100

Fuller's Forest Tree Culturiet 1 00

Randall s Practical Phfpht-rd 2 OO

Willard's I'raitica 1 Dairv Husbandry 3 00

Willard's Pradica 1 Butter Book 1 CO

Lewis' Practicil Poultry Book ! 50

Ten Acres Kiio pjrh 1 fO

How to (rot a Farm, &c 100

Our Farm of Four Acres *0

FlHx(;ulture 10

Husmaiin » Grapes a no Wine 1 00

Phin s Grape Cultme 1 00

Thoinery System of Grape Culture 30

Frank Forester's Field Sports. 2 Tels 4 01

Frank Forester's Fish and Fishinc -50

Frank Forester's YounL' .'Sportsman's Manual. ? CO

Frank Forester's Amerioan Game 1 50

Practical Trout Culture 100

The Breechloader 1 25

TheDeadShot. The Gun 185

The Crack Shot. The Rifle 1 i'5

Fran< Forester's Horse of America. 2 Tols.... 5 (0

Horse Portraiture— Traiiiine Trotters 2 CO

Th^ D e-lireeding. Bre.ikl g. &c 3 (0

Wallace's American Trotting Register 1 00

Wallace's American Stud Book 10 00

Gun. Itodand Saddle 1 O"

ADDBBSS,

CHAS. 11. MAROT. 814^Che8tnnt St.. Phila.

"GARDENING FOR PROFIT.

BY PETER HENDERSON.

A Guide to the successful cultivation of the

MARKET AND FAMILY GARDEN.

New and enlarged edition. Illustrated 2"6 Pages, ]2mo, cloth.
Price, »1.50. Sent by niail post-paid on receipt ot price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St.^ Phil*.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

IT

Medal and Diploma awarded by the XJ. S. Cen-
tennialCooimissioa, 1S73, to

SMITH %L L¥M€M,

Manvfacinrers of Patent Improved

Portabls IsUular Firs E:z Rsturn Flus Ecilsr.

AND

PATENT PORTABLE CELLULAR FIRE BOX

BASE BURNER BOILER

Greenhotises, Graperies, Conservatories, Propagating Houses, Forcing Pits, Public

and Private JBiiildltigs, Schools, Drying Rooms and

Heating Water for Baths.

ALSO KEEP CONSTANTLY ON HAND

Expansion Tanks, Evaporating Pans, Stop Valves, Cast-iron Pipe, Elbows, Tees, Br.mcliea, Pipe Cliaire-
and every'.hinir necessary, of the best material, for Greenhouse Heating.

Smith & Lynch's Improved Ventilating Apparatus, for opetiing and closing Ventilating Sash, on roof-
er sit' 69 of Greenhouses and Graperies.

Judges' Repoit on awards, with descriptive illustrated circular containing testimonials and reference..
Also price list furnished on application to

SMITH & LYNCH,

86 BEVEI^L"^ STE.EET,

12

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

CLUB PAPERS AT NET PRICES,

ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED. '

TO REMIT IN CLUBBING

jinv fit' t'u' fnllowiii'Z li-it wllti tl)o
GARDENER'S MONTHLY
Select such as you wish, foot up the jtriccs annexed, and add TWO DOLLARS
for the MONTHLY to tbe total.

American Agriculturiet %\ 20

" Farmi r 1 HS

Arti^iiu 1 t)0

" BiiikltT 2 «0

" Naturalist 3 25

" Odd hVllow 1 60

Appleton's Jourual 2 ftO

Arlhnr'g Home Magazine 1 >5

Atlantic Monthly 3 45

Bo^ton Cultivator 1 60

Building Association .Tournal 76

" Societies (iazette, London, England 1 35

Bucks County Intelligencer, old subscribers, $2.60, new... 2 10

■California H(irticuliuri.»t 2 TS

Central Union Agriculturist and Chromo 1 70

Children s Friend 1 *T>

Hour 1 10

Coleman's Kural World 1 85

Country Gentlemnn 2 10

Demorest's Magazine 2 60

Kclectic Magazine 4 60

Farmer's Home Journal 1 35

Farm Journal 20

Frank Leslie's Ladies' Magazine 3 10

Review 2 10

Germantown Telegraph, old subscribers, $2.60, new 2 20

God -y's Lady's Book 2 15

Graphic, (Daily), per year 9 50

Hall's Journal of Health 1 50

Harper's Bazar _ 3 35

" Magazine 3 36

" Weekly 3 35

Herald of Health 1 60

Household 85

Iowa Homestead 1 60

Journal of Chemi.stry 1 10

Journal of Materia Medica 1 lO

Kansas Farmer 1 35

Lady's Floral Cabinet, with Chromo 1 10

Ladies' Repository 3 35

Leslie's Lady's Journal 3 60

Lippincott's Magazine 3 10

Littell's Living Age 7 60

London Garden 8 75

London Gardener's Chronicle 7 50

Maine Farmer 2 10

Manufacturer and Builder 1 85

Maryland Farmer $1 36

I Massachusetts Ploughman : 2 60

Metropolitan 1 8«

Milling Journal 1 86

Moore's Kural New Yorker 2 38

. Nation 4 75

: National Baptist 2 35

: New ling'and Farmer 2 35

" " Homestead 2 10

New York Evangelist 2 60

New York Methodist 2 20

I " " Herald Weekly 100

; " •' Post Weekly. $1.40 Semi-Weekly 2 60

I " " Times, Weeklv, $1.40; Semi-Weeklv 2 60

I " " Tribune, Weeklv, $1.40 : Semi-We.-kly 2 60

I " " World, Weekly, $1.40; Semi- Weekly 2 60

North-W'esteru Farmer 1 10

1 Nursery 1 20

, Ohio Farmer 1 ."lO

I Our Home Journal 2 25

I Park's Floral (iazette 40

Penn M(mthlv 2 10

: Peter's Musical Monthly 2 60

j Peterson's Magazine 1 70

Philadelphia Weekly Press 1 60

\ Philadelphia Weekly Times 1 .35

1 Phrenolotfical Journal 1 60

Poulti7 World 1 00

Poultry World, colored i^late edition 1 75

i Popular Science Monthly 4 20

I Practical Farmer, (Weekly.) 1 60

; Prai'ie Farmer 1 60

I Purdv'H Small Fruit Recorder 85

Saint Nicholas 2 60

; Saturday Evening Po-t 1 75

Scientific American 1 75

Scientific Farmer 86

Scribuer's Monthly 3 45

Southern Cultivator 1 Si

, Southern Planter and Farmer 1 85

Vick's Illustrated Monthly Magazine 95

Waverly Magazine 4 65

Western AgricultHrist 85

Western Fanner 1 80

" Rural 150

Working Farmer 1 10

Young Folk's Monthly 95

Youth's Companion' new subscribers $1.40; old subscribers 1 75

The above includes postage under tbe new [J. S. Law requiring prepayment of postage before mailing.

After subscription to a club paper throufjh this agency, report non-receipt of your numbers
and other causes of dissatisfaction, irregularities of mails or changes of residence, only to said
paper direct (not to this office).

Remit by P. O. Order, Draft or Registered Letter. Currency is at risk of mails.

If yon wish a receipt or reply, enclose postage (■lamp tor that purpose, otherwise the club papers will be considered s
«£Scient receipt.

Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

RURAL AND PRACTICAL BOOKS,
sent by mail, post paid, on receipt of pi'ice.

Allen's, ]{. L., Uiseu^eri of Duiiit'rtic Auimals

Allen's L. F. Rural Ai'chitei-tnre

AllfnV, L. F., American Cattle

AlliMi'f, R. L. & L. F., New American Farm Book

Allen'!*, K. L., American Farra Book

American Bird Fancier. (Brown's)

American Weed;* and Uscttil I'lants

Apple Cnltiirist, S. E. Todd

Arr, of Propai^afion, (Jenkins)

Art of Saw Filing;

Art of Graftiiij;aud Budding

Architect and Biiikl'rs' Pocnet Compani')n.tnc'< $?. cloth.

Architecture. Modern American, Curamings A .Miller

Asparagus Culture, paper

Baker's Fruit Culture

Bassett on Cranberry Culture

Barry's Fruit Garden.

Bell's Carpentry made easy

Bement's Poulterers' Companion

Bement's Rabbit Fancier

Beet Root Sngir

Bicknell's Village Builder, 77 plates

Bnmmer's Method of Making Manures

BoussingaUlt■.■^, .T. B., Rural Ecouomy

Brock's New Book of Flowers

Bridgeman's American Gardener's Assistant

Bridgeman's Fruit Cultivator's Manual

Bridtreman's Kitchen Gardener's Instructor

Building Associations, How to Manage

Building Associations, What They Are

Bnist's, Robert, Am. Flower Garden Directory

Buist's. Robert, Family Kitchen Gardener

Burr's Field and Garden VegetMbles of America

Carpenter and Joiner's Hand Book, (Holly)

Chorlton's Grapo-Grower's Guide

Chemistry of the Farra, (Nichols)

C1eveland'-i Villas and Cottages

Cobbett's American Gardener

Coles, s. W. American Fruit Book

Cole's American Veterinarian

Copeland's Country Life

Dadd's, Geo. H., American Cattle Doctor

Dadd'f* Modern Horse Doctor

Dana's, sarauel H., Muck Manual

Darwin's Variations of Animals and Plants, (2 vols)

Darwin's Insect iverous Plants

DeVoe's Market Assistant

Downing's, A. J., Landscape Gardening..

Downing's Cottage Residences

Downintr's Fruits and Fruit Trees of America

Downing's Rural Es-ays

Downing's Ladies' Companion to the Garden

DuBrenil's Vineyard Culture, (Dr. Warden)

Eastwood on Cultivation of the Cranberry

Plliott's Western Fruit Grower's Guide..

Elliott's Landscape Gardening

Elliott's Lawn and Shade Trees

Elliott's Fruit Growers' Hand Book, paper, 60 cents, cloth

Farming for Boys

Field's, Thomas W., Pear Culture

Five Acres too much, (illustrated) :

riagg's European Vineyards

Flax Culture

Flint, Chas. L., on Grasses

Flint's Milch Cows

Floral Decorations for Dwelling-Houses

Fowler's Homes for All

French's Farm Draiuas;e

Fuller's Grape Culrnri<t

Fuller's Small Fruit Culture..

Fuller's Strawberry Cnltnrist

Fuller's Forest Tree Culturist

Fulton on Peach Culture

Gentry's Life Histories of Birds, (2 vols)

Gray's How Plants Grow

Gray's Manual of Botany

Gray's Manual, Botany and Lessons, in one toI

Gray's School and Field Book of Botany

(Gregory on Squashes, paper..

Guernon on Milch Cows

Guide to Fortune

Harazthy's Grape Culture and Wine Making

Harris' Insects Injurious to Vegetation, do. $4 ; col. eng's

Harrison tlie Pis

Hatfield's American House Carpenter

Bendeisou't. Practical Floriculture

Henderson's Gardenins: for Pleasure

Henderson's Gardening for Profit.

Herbert 's^'Hints to Hofsekeepers

Hoopes on Evergreens

Hop Culture

How to Buv a Farm, and Where to Find One

How to Paint

•Hu!-siuau"s Grapes and Wines

Jaiques Manual of the House

(and any others in the market not on this list) will be
Address CiiAS. H. Marot, 8U Chestnut St., Phila.

$1 00 I Jacques' Manual of the Garden 1 7.5

160 Jennings' Cattle Doctor 175

2 60 Jennings on the Horse and His Dis-ases 1 75

2 50 Jennings' Sheep, Swine and Poultry 1 7.^

1 .^0 Johnson's (Jardeuers' Dictionary 3 50

30 Johnson's How Crops Feed 2 00

1 75 Johnson's How Crops Grow 2 UO

1 an Johnson's Peat and its Uses 1 25

."jO Johnston's Elements of Ag. Cheuiisiry anJ Geology 1 .50

75 Johnston's ,1. S. W., Agricultural Chemistry 1 T5

2 OH Kftnp's Landscape- Gardening 2 50

1 50 Klippart's Farm Drainaiie 1 75

10 00 Langsirolh, Rev. L. L.,ou the Hive and Honey Bee 2 00

20 Leeds' History of United States 1 75

4 00 Leurhars' How to Build Hot-houses 1 50

30 Leibig's, Justus, Familiar Lectures on Ciiemistry 75

2 50 Louden's Encyclopa?dia of Plants 21 00

5 00 Lyman's Cotton Culture 1 .50

2 (lO McMahon's American Gardener 2 25

30 Mayhew's Practical Book-keeping for Farmers 99

1 .50 ! Mechanics' Companion, (Nicholson) 3 00

12 00 Meehan's Ornamental Trees 75

25 Miles on the Horse's Foot To

1 60 Miner's, T. B., Bee-keeper's Manual 1 25

1 75 Mohr on the Grape-vine 1 00

2 50 Money in the Garden 1 60

1 00 My Vineyard at Lakeview 1 25

1 00 ' My Farin of Edgewood 1 75

2 00 My Ten-rod Farm 60

75 North American Sylva, 5 vols., 156 col. plates, in 30 part4

1 50 I " " unbound 60 00

100' " " Half Turkey Antique, gilt 70 00

5 00 " " tnll " " 75 00

75 Nichol's Cheitistry of the Farm and ''ea 1 25

75 Norton's, John P., Elements of Scientific Agriculture 75

1 25 Norris' Fish Culture 1 75

4 (lO Onion Culture 20

76 Our Farm of Four Acres 1 25

75 I Packard's Guide to the Study of Insects ...cloth 6 00

75 Paul's Book of Roses 60

5 00 Paul's Rose Garden 3 00

150 Paxton's Botanical Ulciiouary 15 00

1 50 Pardee on Stra berry Culture « 75

1 25 Parkman's Book of Rose.' 1 59

6 00 Parson's, Samuel B., on the Rose 1 £0

7 00 Peat and its Uses 1 25

2 50 Pear Culture, Fields 1 25

6 50 Pedder's, James, Farmers' Laud-measure 60

3 00 Percheron Horse , 1 00

5 00 Peterson's Preserving, Pickling and Canning Fruit 50

3 60 Pliin's Open-air Grape Culture and Wine .Making 1 50

2 00 Quinn's Pear Culture for Profit 1 00

2 00 t^uinby's Mysteries of Bee-keeping Explained 1 50

75 Randall's Sheep Husbandry ] 50

1 fiQ Randall'" Fine Wool Sheep Husbandry 1 00

1 50 Rand's Bulbs 1 .«,o

I 50 ' Rand's Flowers for Parlor and Garden 2 60

] 00 Rand's Popular Flowers and How to Cultivate them 1 25

1 60 Rand's Garden Flowers 2 50

1 25 Rand's Orchid Culture 3 00

1 50 i Rand's Rhododendrons 1 50

1 50 Robinson's Alpine Flowers 4 50

50 i " Sub-Tropical Garden 2 75

2 50 i " Wild Gardin 2 25

2 50 Ropp's Commercial Calculator, cloth $1, Morocco luck... 2 00

-i .60 Rose Culturist paper .so

1 26 , Robbins', R., Produce and Ready Reckouer 75

I 60 i Saunders' Domestic Poultry, paper, 40 cloth 75

I 50 I Saxton's Hand Book, in four series, each 1 60

I 50 ! Schenck's Gardeners' Text-book 75

20 Scribner's Ready Reckoner and Log-book .^0

1 511 *^trong's Cultivation of the Grape 3 00

1 50 T'<'n Acres Enough 1 50

4 00 Thomas, J. J., Farm Implements 1 f<n

1 25 Thomas, J. J., Fruit Culturist ; old ed., $3 00 ; new edition 3 60

2 25 Tobacco Culture 25

4 on i Vine's Chemical Manures 1 25

2 60 Warder's American Ponsology 3 00

30 " Hedges and Eversireeus 1 ."iO

75 ! Waring's Drainage for Prorit and Health 1 t)0

1 00 j " Elements of Agriculture 100

6 00 " Earth Closets .-io

6 50 Webster's Did ionary, Unabridged 12 00

1 50 ^Veil's Every Man his own Lawyer -2 00

3 !50 Williams, B. S., on Siove <fc Greenhouse Plants.2 vols.,iird 6 00

J 60 Williams, B. S., onSeUct Fern" and I .^copodl' 2 50

1 .lO Williams, B. S., Orchid GrovTer's Manual, 4 h edition 2 50

1 .50 " '■ " " 5ih edition 3 50

I Y5 Window (Jardening ] 63

3 00 White's (Jardening for the South 2 00

40 " Cranberry Culture 1 25

1 -J5 Wood's Class Book of Botany 3.50

100 Wright's Practical Poultry Keeper 2 60

J 1^,1 Voualt on the Horse ' 1 75

l 60 Youman's Household Science .'. 3 60

14

TFIF. ffORTfCULTURAL ADVERTISER.

index to Advertisements I J^_ B. PaiSOllS ^ CO.

Advert isiTSiir^ rei/nt-Mi-il to Adis nrilriM in liiimi ax Kaiu.y a
PoHSlBLE. Copy receirrd after ti.e'i'id lif ench mouth <-nnnot lie
iNsrRBl) inncrtion in the nejct ihhius.

AciMits.Ioiiriiiil, New Yi>rk,

Huvtrsflorft-r M. M. & Co., PhiUuielpliin,

Barker, naiii.'l. Norfolk. \ II,

aeultv Diiiiicl F , Wasirmcion. N. .1..

BlHik". CliarU-c & Bro , lli.'histown, N. J.,

Brenioiid, L. & Son, Var.. Fniiirc,

BroijiH'inin W. H., Harrir-hiirg, I'a., .

BrviiHl .1. M . riiilailelphia,

CliicHfTo Floral t'o., C'hicasro. HI-.

Cliattiild A. F , Albany. N. Y., .

Chiipiii, (J H.. Bo!»ton. Mass.,

Collin- .I>>lin S., Mooret^towu. N. J., .

Cow en, N , New York,

F.Uler ^^ alter. Philadelphia, . ,

Fleteher \i. L.. New York. .

llutire A. & Son , Hed Hank. N J., .

Ilanford H. Ci. & Son, Coluiid)ii8, Ohio,

Harri;* \\ m. K . Pliiladelpliia,

Hews A. II. * Co., CamhridL'e, Mass.,

llender.-'oii Peter A Co., New York. .

H'ckinan .1. H., San Jiian, Cal., .

Hitchiijfrs & Co., N"W York,

Kelsey F. W., Kochesler. N. Y..

Landreth Uavid & Sons, Philadelphia.

Linslev, K.. West Meriden, Conn.,

LordV'lloriidiliiiral VV(>rks, Irvington-on-the Hudson,

Lvnex M.. Philadeli>hia,

W'arot Chas. H , Philadelphia, Pa., 2,6,7,8,

Wepsled, E., South Oil City, Pa.,

Merril Warren. Cainbridgeport, .Mass.,

Nix C, H. ChiCdiTO, III,

Ninimo Ales.. Brooklyn, N. Y.,

Nursi-rv Cards

Parrv, Win.. Cinnaiuinson N. J.,
Parsons & Sons Co., FInshing, N. Y.,
Par-sons K. B. & Co., Flushing, N. Y.,
Randall Chas. A., New York,
Keed Geo. I. & Co , Nassua, N. Y'.,
Holker August & Sons, IS'ew York,
Situations Wanted ....

Smith & Butler, Newport, R. I.,
Smi'h. L. laun, Philadelphia,
Smith & Lynch, Bos-ton, Mas"., .
Straiton & St )rm. New York,
Soulhirn Knterpri-e, Atlanta, (^>a.,
Wright Peter & Sons, Philadelphia.

SITUATIONS WANTED.

As competent gardener in a private or coiiiuiercial esiahlish-
meut, by a Oerman. Has had •iH yi'ars' practice, and can
luniish best of refer-nces. Address F. Brauer, 75 Ladnian
Park, Boston Highlands. Mass.

BY an experienced gardener, married; small family. Would
prefer a private place ; good references. Address A. U.,
Florist, 150'2 N. 11th St., Phila.

As pri>pagator or (o eraan in a good co--nraercia' establishment
Fully competent to take entire chaigi'. Has ten years' ex-
perience near New York, as rose grower and all branches of
the trade. No objections to tlie Western States, wliere such a
man Is required. Address, J. H. K., Station B, Jersey City
Heights. N.J.

ASPARAGUS CULTURE;

Tlie Best Mrthofl.s I-Jtnjiloi/ed in linnlnnd and rrnnce.

By Jaiues Ba Hi s and Wni. Kobiuson, F.L.S.
Illustrated, 2S pages, 12mo, paper. Price, 20 cents. Mailed,
postage free, on receipt of price.

Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

SMALL FRUIT CULTURIST

BY ANDREW S PULLER.

Givinij Description, History, Cultivation, Propagation, Dis-
eases, <&c.

Beautifully Illustrated.

276 paees. J2mo. clotli. Price Sl.SO. Sent by mail, post-paid
on receipt oi price Addr^-ss.

CHAS. H. MABOT. 8U Chestnut St., Phila.

oiler to buyers ol the best Trees and Shrubs a very well

t;rown stock ill low rates. Among iheni ari- lUiodod 'nilrotis of

lie- (|uite hardy sortM. and in (|iniliiy and price |)refcral)le to

j Imported plants. Also Manly and < hinese Ayah hh, Japan and

; Chinese iMaiztioliaP, Hardy and (ireenhouse Rosen, grown in

, open ground, and at low rates, ^^■e invite tl e attention of

I NURSERYMEN AND DEALERS

] To our geiieiiil stock, liolh ll«t:i«lnoiiM and KnTj;re« i»,
which is very hirL'e and complete. The raier Ever^i e«-ii»,
I lis well ii!* the ojil stiiiidard sorts. «c grow in large (.)iiaiititv,
I Klowt'rini; ShriiliM we ofler at low rates Our Purple
I itvfcU, gralted from really ))urple-'eHVed trees, are ver> line.
I Our Nursery aii'l (ireenhouBes being on ground once occu-
pied by the old house of Paisons & Co., vii-itors will tlnd It
(luite accessible Irom eithiM- ihe Bridge or Main St. Railroad
Stations. For Catalogues, addn^ns.

R. B. PARSONS & CO.,
1 Box 99 liouiie Ave., t'ltiihing, N. Y.

For a term of year.s s (iiH) to lo.ioo fe. t of glass, well fitted
up lor growiiiiT Cut Floweus and Bedding Stuff. Good
trade, well estublishi-d =n a vi ry thriviut' city of Ift.oOO popula-
tion. Possession given July Itt. Term.s low. Plenty of laud.
Address,

a pi 4

R. LINSLEY,

West 3leriden. Conn,

1f\ ^\f\f\ Agents Wanted to sell our newlv Patented
\Jm\J\J%J Nov.liies, Chromos, Jewelry, Watihes. Re-
voivriH, t.i/griiviiigs. Book", &c. St;iti<ncrv Packages $10 per
huiid. Special terms giv(!n to Au'ents everywhere. The best
prices ever offered. Mammoth Catalosrue with Samples fren.
jan 1 2 R. L. KLKTCHKK, 1! Dey St., N. Y.

^BEFORE BUYING GLASS.-- ESTIMATES

H •>iHOA VW3 N '-iS ^VNVO /.Oo ^

'Ka:A\.oo 'K

2 •sa^.'ca ;^s3Aioi i-t: sosodjnd joqtjo \\c pnc ^

s 'saiHoiiVA^iiSNOO ^sasiiOHHaaH£) s

8 i$$¥tO) §

How to Raise Fruits.

BY THOMAS GREQO.

A Hand-book of Fruit Culture being a Guide to the proper
Cultivation and Management ot Fruir Trees, and o* Grapes and
S'liall Fruits. 1S4 paires, liiuo, cloth, fully illustrated. Price
$1.00. Sent by mail post-paid, on receipt ot price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chesnut Street, Philadelphia.

SELECT FERNS AND LYCOPODS.

By Cenj.\mi.n S. Williams, F.R.H.S.
Comprising descriptions of 950 choice species and varieties, Brit-
ish and txolic, with directions lor their management in the Tropical,
I Temperate and Hardy Fernery, with numerous beautiful full-page
' illustrations. 353 pages, jamo, cloth. 1 rice, J2.53, Sent by mail
i post-paid on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

L BREMOND & SON,

Nurserymen at Ollionles (Var. France).

Large cultivators of Bulbs. White early Roman Hyacinths,
Double Polyanthus Narcissus, Narcissus totus albus, Double
Jonquils, &c. Immortel'es, yellow, white, and other colora.
Fabric of crowns. ALL AT LOW PKICBS. July I.

To Nurserymen and Florists!

EXCHANGE ADVERTISEMENTS.

To !N"urserymen, Seedsmen and Florists, who will favor us with the following or similar
advertisement in their Catalogues, and send us a marked copy of same, we will reciprocate by a
two line card in the Magazine, for three months.

Sample of Advertisement in Your Catalogue,

IN PROMINENT POSITION :

THE GARDENER'S MONTHLY AND HORTICULTURIST, edited by Thomas Mee-
HAN, and published at S2.10 per year, gives full instructions in the science and practice of every
liranch of gardening. It will pay any one to subscribe for it. Our friends and customers may
send their subscriptions through us, and we will forward them to publisher. Address

AUGUSTUS ZONALE, Florist,

Skedunk, Mass.

We believe it is to the interest of all in the business to increase the taste for it. It is as much
to their interest to extend the circulation of a Horticultural Magazine, ae to support a good Hor-
ticultural Society. Still, we shall be happy to reciprocate by a card as proposed.

For every such subscriber obtained and forwarded by you, you can retain, as commission, 50
cents, remitting to us $1.60 net, with the subscriber's name and address.

Sample of Card in the Monthlj, io Exctiangei see also Hufserj Cards in Idvertising Columns!

THOMAS MEEHAN,

Niirsei-i/nKiu, O evninntown, Philn.

We hope you will appreciate the fact that by this mutual arrangement you will be helping
your trade in multiplying the readers of Horticultural literature. Our low price of subscription
for a 32-page magazine, is only so MUCH ON account of the expense of publication. — It does not
begin to meet that expense. We rely upon its reaching a market for our advertisers, who then
are sure to niake up the balance by using our columns as an advertising medium. We do not
solicit advertising patronage by direct appeal ; but only by endeavoring to keep up the adver-
tisers' market in our subscription list. Our well-known success in this direction leads us to make
use of all promising legitimate expedients to this end. Shall we have your co-oporation, as above
suggested? Send catalogue with notice bj' way of reply, and your card will be printed in the
following three months' numbers to balance.

Yours respectfully,

CHARLES H. MAROT,

H14 Chestnut St., Phila.

Rhododendrons and Evergreens

Of allHl/A-s ami 111 One c.iiulillmi f.>r trauHpluiilliig. S|i.ciul all. iitU.n cjilleiJ to cuir Iiipki- i"i)ii;iim;iii* oI i(LTf<xl form. Al«o n

lliiu liualtliy Htiick uf

CAMELLIAS AND AZALEAS

Which have grown tUie year more roliunt than ever, and are oflfired at reasonable jirUx'tf.

JAPANESE MAPLES, ORANGES

And many kinds of New and Rart- Pluutii. Ilein;,' in uota ciin he nent out at any time, an also our select lint of the host
Orceuliouse I'lants. I'rice List free, ami Descriptive Catalogue I" ets.

PARSONS &, SONS CO., Limited,

Kismmi ynrscrirs, Fliislnnf/, N. 1'.

ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUES

Sent free on application.

A. H. HEIWS ^ GO.^

Low freights from Boston
allow us to compete with any
Pottery in the United States,

No. GaxnbridgGy Mass.

(Late of the J-'lrtn of yhmno X- Scolluf/,)

PATENT IMPROVED HOT WATER BOILERS,

o — is ^

« « > -= ^ « o

h © O (8 ._ ^ «j C I|>

fl « 3 -o c^ 0- ao

0) -M C

I u

11

S ©

PRIZE MEDAL AND DIPLOMA AWARDED THIS BOILER AT THE
CENTENNIAL EXHIBITION.
S^" Please eead for Circular for explanation, etc., before yon malie up your mind to purchase elsewliere.

eep 13 1204 Degraw Street, near Nostrand Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.

Edited by Thomas Meehan.

Vol. XX. No. 236.

(Combined Magazines, Thirty-third Year.)

AUGUST, 1878.

PUBLISHED BY CHARLES H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.
TERMS-2.10 PER YEAR-POSTAGE PAID.

"r^'

The Gardener's Monthly

AND HORTICULTURIST.

EDITED BY THOMAS MEEHAN,

Assisted by an able Corps of AMERICAN ami FOKKIGN COKKKSPONDENTS.

It is publi.shc«l ou the first of every month, at the office, No. 814 CHESTNUT STREET,
PHILADELPHIA, where all Business communications sliould be addressed.

Communications for the Editor .should be addressed : TnoMAs Meeiiax, GKRMANTOWN,Philada.

SUBSCRIPTION PRICE, Postage paid, $2.10.

}. v.<A.

j col.

-\ ft.l.

icol.

1 col.

1 page.

$4 00

$G 00

$8 OO

4ii 00

S'^4 00

$48 00

3 «<)

5 *0

7 -40

10 80

'^1 60

43 iO

3 00

4 50

G 00

9 00

18 00

36 00

a 7o

4 OO

5 S.'i

8 0<>

16 no

3a OO

% 40

3 GO

4 80

7 540

14 40

a8 80

TERMS OF ADVERTISING.

h col.
One Tiinr. . $3 00

Tw«i to Tlire*- Tlmea, eacli, -i 70

Four to Six Times, " « as

Seven to XIne Times, <' a OU

Ten to Twelve '* " 1 80

Twelve lines nonpariel is 3,' col. A less space than )» col. will be furnished at rates in exact proportion, line for line.

For THIRD and LAST COVER PAGES ; FIRST PAGE advertisement /acmo' reading matter; "FLY-LEAF PAGE" (front
of number) before reading matter AuiX facing tlrst cover — special figures will be given on application.

COPY and orders for NEW advertisements should be ou baud by the 2'/d of each month; and CHANGES of COPY
ronuing contracts by the 16th of each mopth, to insure them in the following issue. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT, Publisher, 814 Chestnut St., Philadelphia.

CONTENTS OF THE AUGUST NUMBER.

SEASONABLE HINTS :

Flower Garden and Pleasure Ground.

225-226

CORRESPONDENCE :

Blunders and Mulching 226-22T

Rhododendron Occidentale 227

Picturesque Lawns 22T-229

Cool House Orchid.s— Lwlias 230-2:5'2

Additional Notes on the Mealy Bug 2.32

Dendrobium Nobile, versus Novelties 232-238

Variegated Cobcea Scandens 233

New Early Peaches 236-23T

Dwarf June Berry 237

The Dwarf June Berry 237-23S

Yellow Cottonwood 241-242

A Large White Oak 242

A Murderous Plant— Darlingtonia Californica 245-24.')

Pansy Portraiture, or Heartsease Pictures 247-249

EDITORIAL NOTES :

The Pines of Japan — Propagation by Layers— Hous-

tonia ccerula — Neirembergia rivularls 229

Wallflowers— The Double Amarj'llis- Chameleon

Wallflowers— A Cure for Thrips— Orchids 233-234

Early Peaches— Leaf Blight in the Pear- Fleitas
St. John, or Yellow St. John— The Filmore Straw-
berry— Peach Growing South — Cherry Culture in ;
Georgia — Good Fruit Dryers — Asparagus in Eng-
land-Early Cherries in Georgia— Longworth Pro-
lific Prolific Strawberry— Insect Traps — Blanching

Celery 238-239

Hardy Catalpa Trees— The Hardy Colorado Firs

and Spruces- Forestry in Portugal 342-243

Lightning-proof Beech Trees — Pinus ponderosa —
Lightning-rods— Yucca baccata— Vitality of Seeds 245-246
Traveling Notes, by the Editor— Virginian Jasmine
— American and Hardy Ferns — Ferns of Kentucky
—Moore's Rural Life— Death of James Fleming —
Prof essor Asa Gray /. 249-258

Centennial Exhibition of 1S76— The Montgomery
(Ohio), Horticultural Society— Kentucky Horticul-
tural Society- The District of Columbia Horticul-
tural Society— Maes. Agricultural Club — Texas
Horticultural and Pomological Association _. 258-256

SCRAPS AND QUERIES:

Name of Plant— .Amaryallis Longifolia— Dark-
leaved Norway Maple— A Hardy Gladiolus — Varia-
tion in the Cut-leaved Birch— Andromeda speciosa 230

Calceolarias — Amaryllis ~ 236

Bower's Early Peach— Watering Strawberries—
C^uince Disease — The Peach Crop of Milton,
Kentucky — Labor and Wages ip Kentucky — Kinna-
man's Seedling Peach— Band for Codling Worms—

Dyehousc Cherry 240-241

Curious CaDbage Leaf— Double leaf in a Begonia 24«
Fuchsia- Geranium and Pelargonium— European
Sketches— Preserving Flowers of the Night-
blooming Cereu? - 252-253

NEW OR RARE PLANTS :

Double-flowered Eschscholtzia- Blood-leaved Nor-
way Maple— Tovaria Oleracea 229-230

Lucnlia gratisgima — Lnculia Pinciana— New Zonal
Pelargonium, Dr. Denny — Adiantum princeps —
Double-flowered Cinerarias 234-236

NEW OR RARE FRUITS AND VEGETABLES.

The Sharpless Strawberry 239

I
FLOWER GARDEN AND PLEASURE GROUND 225-230

GREEN HOUSE AND GARDENING - 230-236

FRUIT AND VEGETABLE GARDENING „ 236-241

FORESTRY 241-243

NATURAL HISTORY AND SCIENCE 243-246

LITERATURE. TRAVELS AND PERSONAL NOTES, 247-253

HORTICULTURAL gOCIBTIES 263-25ft

our. CATALOGrE OF SUXDr.Y

IMPORTED AND DOMESTIC BULBS

Is now ready and will be mailed on application.

ROMAN HYACINTHS and LILIUM CANDIDUM

For early forcing, ready for delivery from middle of August forward.

DUTCH BULBS,

HYACINTHS, TULIPS, CHOCUS, NARCISSUS, JONQUILS, iCc,

Deliverable during September and forward.

LILY OF THE VALLEY,

In late Fall delivery.

Our Cataloaue Contains Much Valuable Infornnation.

And a line of NOVELTIES therein, we .shall offer in our new CAT ALOGUE,ready about August
2Uth, 1878. Many new illustrations will facilitate the purchasing of goods to those
who do not come to New York to inspect our well-assorted Stock
of every kind of Florists' Supplies.

Dried Grasses and Flowers,

Will be kept in the largest assortments by us again this season. Get our Catalogue before

ordering elsewhere. Goods will be ready for delivery about September

to OctoiK r niontli, according to kind.

AUGUST ROLKER $( SONS,

P.O. Box 899. 44 Dey Street, New York,

Importers, Dealers and Maimfactursrs of Florists' Supplies,

SEEDSMEN AND BULB IMPOKTERS.

LIVE STOCK FOOD

Tilt' seiisoii is at liand to sow Tl'ltNIl'S. For STOCK, the

BLOOMSDALE RUTA BAGA IS Ul^EQUALLED.

GARDEN ixiid FIKLD TURNIPS of mo8( :ii)i)r()i)ri;itc varieties.
JSeiul lor I'riccs and di'sciiplivc lisl.

DAVID LANDRETH & SONS,

iVos. 21 and 23 South Sixth St.,

Between Marki't mid Chcstnnt, Philadelphia.

MR. WILLIAM BULL,

Being a L.AUGK IMPOKTKR dir.^ct from tlioir NATIVE
HAIIITATS can supply niKiiy tliDiismida of good

At 5ji., 7,1. 6rf., and 10.<. (iif., eacli. An iii!*|)i;ction is invited.
orl).v sending names of tliost; already possessed, different vari-
eties can be given, and purchasers will liave a good selection
made for tlieiu.
The following can be supplied at tlie low prices annexed :

EACH. PER DOZ.

«.

d.

£.

s.

d.

Cvmbidiuin eburuenm.

10

6

4

10

(1

/Erides Fieldiugi, (Poxbrusli), .

10

6

4

10

0

" maculo.»iini,

10

6

4

10

0

Cattleya mossi*,

7

6

3

3

0

CcElopync barbata,
'* flaccida,

10

6

4

10

0

7

6

3

3

0

" occellati.

7

6

3

3

0

Cypripediuni Biillenianum,

10

6

4

10

o

" pardlimni,

10

6

4

10

0

Dendrobium bigibl)uni,

10

6

4

10

0

" ■ Caml)ridgoanuni, .

10

6

4

10

0

" chrysantluim,

.5

0

2

2

0

" clavatum,

10

6

4

10

0

'? densiflorum,

10

6

4

10

0

" Devouianura,

a

0

2

2

0

" formosiim giganteum,

15

0

6

6

0

" Hookerianuin,

10

6

4

10

(J

" niarmoratum,

10

6

4

10

0

" Pierardii,

5

0

2

2

(1

Epidendrum macrohihim,

10

6

4

10

0

Lwlia albida,

7

6

3

3

0

•' anceps,

10

6

4

10

0

Mesospinidium sanguineum,

7

6

3

3

0

Odontoglossum eirrliosum,

7

6

3

3

0

" grande,
" Lindeni,

7

6

3

3

0

10

6

4

10

0

Ancidium Marshallianuni,

15

0

6

6

0

" crispum,

10

6

4

10

0

" varicoeum,

7

6

3

3

0

Pleione ma.scii lata, per bulb,

1

6

0

15

0

" praTox, "

2

6

0

18

0

" Waliichiana "

1

6

0

15

0

Saccolabium anipullaceum,

3

6

1

10

0

" Bhuuei majus,

7

6

3

3

0

Thania an)a.

7

6

3

3

0

Vanda .striata,

10

6

4

10

0

Importer and Dealer in

FINE mm\ STOCK

Rochester, N. Y.

Oll'crs Cor till- Autniim of IHTH,

SPECIAL COLLECTIONS

Of the fine.st ou.vament.vi> tkkk.s, .shki'hs mid iso.sE.s
at reduced jirice.s. Also all varietie.s of Fruit Tree.s
and Small Fruits. All .stock waiik.\xtei> as hepke-
SENTED. Furnishing PAKKs, CEMETERIES and puivate
EsTATE.s A SPECIALTY. De.scrlptivc CataloKuc, with
colored plate, 10 cents. List of Novelties and Special
Collections free. Address,

FRED. W. KELSEY, Rochester, N.Y.

Mr. William Hull has just received an irrportation of fine
plants in excelli-nf condition of the handsome and exceedingly
rare " DENDROBIUM SUPERBIENS," andean
make special olter ot good plants at the extremely low price ot
iX guineas each, or if six plants are taken, 2 guineas each.

Mr. W. B. can also offer nice plants of the rare and beautiful

At 4 gunieas each.
Establishment for NEW AND RARE PL ANTS

King's Koad, Chelsea, London, England.

GARDENING FOR PLEASURE.

BY PKTKB HENDERSON.

A guide to the Amateur in the

FRUIT, VEGETABLE and FLOWER GARDEN.

With full directions for the
Greenhouse, Conservatory and "Window-Garden.

Illustrated. 2.50 Pages, 12mo, cloth. Price $1.50. Sent by
mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

703" XHESTNUT ST phiua*

How to Raise Fruits.

BY THOMAS OREOG.

A Hand-book of Fruit Culture being a Guide to the proper
Cultivation and Management of Fruit Trees, and of Grapes and
Small Fruits. 184 pages, 12rao, cloth, fully illustrated. Price
$1.00. Sent by mail post-paid, on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

S14 Chesnnt .str<>(-t. PhiUide'phia.

SELECT FERNS AND LYCOPODS.

By Benjamin S. Williams, F.R.H.S.
Comprising descriptions of 950 choice species and varieties, Brit-
ish and Exotic, with directions for their management in the Tropical,
Temperate and Hardy Fernery, with numerous beautiful full-page
illustrations. 353 pages, i2mo, cloth. Price, J2.5O. Sent by mail
post-paid on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

GUIDE TO THE STUDY OF INSECTS.

By a. S. Packakd, Jr., M.D.

Also a Treatise on those Injurious and Beneficial to

OPS. For the use of Colleges, Farms, Schools and Agriculturists.

Illustrated with 11 plates, and 650 wood-cuts. 702 pages, 8vo,

cloth. Price, 36.00. Sent by by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philado'phia.

niARDENING FOR PROFIT.

BY PETEK HENDEItSON.

A Guide to the successful cultivation of the

MARKET AND FAMILY GARDEN.

New and enlarged edition. Illustrated. 276 Jl^ages, 12mo, clotk.
Price, 81.50. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHA3. H. MABOT. 814 Cheetnut St., Phil*.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

Everything for the Garden

and offer NOW (from June 1st to August 15th),

CELERY PLANTS.

Half Dwarf, Half White, Boston Market, Large White Solid, and Dwarf Red. Any
of the above Celery plants, by mail, 75c. per 100— By express for $2.50 per 500, $4 per 1,000.

CABBAGE PLANTS.

Premium Flat Dutch, Large Drumhead, D'head Savoy, and Red (for pickling). Any
of the above Cabbage plants by mail, 75c. per 100— By express S2 per 500, or $3 per 1,000.

CAULIFLOWER PLANTS.

Early Erfurt and Early Paris. By mail SI .50 per 100— By Express S3.50 per 500, or
$6 per 1,000.

Full instructions for cultivation of Celery, and all other vegetables, will be found in
our book, " Gardening for Profit," price S1.50 each, post-paid, by mail, or to purchasers of
$10 worth and upwards, from this advertisement (naming paper), the book will be sent
without charge.

PETER HENDERSON Sl CO.,

35 Coi'tlandt Street^ New York.

AUGUST ROLKER Zi SONS,

44 Dey St., New York.

P O BOX 899.

Fill! STS SUPPLIES OF EVERY DESCRIPTION,

SEEDS FRESH AND RELIABLE.
BULBS PERSONALLY SELECTED ABROAD.

JOSEPH SCHWARTZ, in Lyons, France, Rose-grower. Send your orders NOW, even for
Spring, 1879, delivery.

•A /

BOUCHARLAT AINE, in Aure, France, Pelargonium Grower of Continental reputation.
AUGUST VAIN" GEERT, in Ghent, Belgium. We call attention to his

SPECIAL OFFER OF ORCHIDS,

Which we shall mail free on application. We extract
HIS CHOICE I

Collection A, 12 Orchids, in 12 varieties, for - - - Francs 75 00

" B, 12 " 12 " " - - - " 125 00

" C, 24 " 24 *' " - - - " 125 00

" D, 24 " 24 " " - - - " 200 00

" E, 15 " from tempered cold-house, for - - " 100 00

TAKEN AT HIS GREENHOUSES IN GHENT, BELGIUM.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

Landscape Gardeners,

SMITH & BUTLER,
Newport, Rhode Island.

Plans and t'sliinfttes given for any part of the country.
novl2

THE AMERICAN

steamship Company of I'liiliKhiphin. PliilndiOphiii it Liverpool
Line. The only 'rriins-Atlinitie line sailing under the Ameri-
can Flajj. Sailinj; every Thursday from Philadelphiu, and
Wednesday from Liverpool.

The Red Star Line,

Carrying the Belgian and riiiti'd Stiiti's Mails. Sailing every
t-*vt'lvc days, alternately from Philadelphia and New York.
Direct and only

TO ANTWERP.

The American and Hed Star Lines being under one manage-
ment, Excursion tickets are good to return by either, thus sav-
in" the expense and annoyance of re-crossing the Channel.

For rates of passage and general information apply to
apltf PETER WRIGHT & SONS, Fhila, Gvn'l Agts.

Architects' and Builders' Pocket Companion

AND PRICE BOOK.

By FKANIi W. VOGDKS, Architect,
Consisting of n short but coraprehensive epitome of Decimals,
Duodecimals, Geometry and Mensuration, with tables of U. S.
Measures, strengths, etc. of iron, wood, stone and various other
materials, quantities of materials in given sizes and dimensions
of wood, brick and stone, and a full and complete hill ofpriccn
for carpenter irnrk. Also, rules for computing and valuing
brick and brick-work, stone-work, painting, plastering. &c. 2S4
pages, 16mo., cloth, price $L.^0. Tuck, $'2.00. Sent by mail, post-
age free, on receipt of price. Address CHAS. H. MAROT,
«14 Che^tnu^ St.. Philad'a.

^^ "A FULL CROP IN TEN MONTHS." « JT

■ 1^ POT CROWN w^mm

\TrawberRT

lOO will produce more trult and finer the first season
than 1,000 Plants grown In the ordinary way.

All the Standard VarletlcB at $2. 50 PER I CO.

FOREST ROSE = CRESCENT SEEDLING,

and a number of other new rarieliex i.f great excellence.
A Pumphlet on "J'ot Grincii " Strawben-iex fkee.

A. HANCE & SON, Red Bank, N. J.

DV ED T IS C RS wauling good Agt'nT^n.Tionld

DVEIXTIS t in tlK' I'HILA. AGENTS' HEKALD.

The largest, siiieiist and best representative paper of its kind.

ACTIVE A^IVEN EMPLOYMENT

r^CENTS, X^OOD

Jelling ^oods,' Kjovelties, patents
• JNotions, 1:

VERYWHERE

Fancy Goods, Chromos,
KAMES, Engravings,

>taple Uames, INotions, lictures

Machinery. Qubscription Books, Magazines, Papers, Stat'ry,
edirines, Opccialties, Jewelry, Toys, New Inventions, and
a.000 different articles being advertised in the AGENTS'
UEliALD. Answer no other advertisement, invest no money
in Agents' (ioods, until you have sent for a ('opv and seen the

MANY HARDTIMES OFFERS

of over 10(1 responsible advertisers in the Herald wanting Agents.
Scores of rare otters f <i P.cLrinners and others out of employment.
EVERY A WAKE should at once place himself indirect
WIDE ^\CENT communication with all firms every-
where who want Agents, by sending hispermament address for
insertion in the onlv Agents' Directory published in the World.

PORTRAITS, &c., drawn by Machinery, learned in 6 min-
utes from instructions sent. SMITHOGRAPH reduced
to only 2a CENTS, or with Paints, Crayons, Pencils,
Blenders, Copies, &c., complete, only $1.25. Extra tine,
large pear wood Instruments, beautifully polished, with
brass wheel reversible point and pencil holders only $2.50.
AGENTS WANTED. Circulars, terms, &c., and a beautiful
10x14 Engraving of the Smithograph, with sample card and
full particulars of the Agents' Directory, and a copy of the
Agt's Her'ild. nil for srreeTi stnmp. (.Vf* Postal Cards noticed).

L. LUIVlSMITH,7l7SansomSt.,Phila., Pa.

200,000 TUBEEOSES

Guaranteed the linest Bulbs in the market.

BOUBIjJS, $15 per lOOO. PJEAItL, .$•■.'.-> p«r lOOO.

Ready for 8hii>ment by the 15th of October.

aug.tf.

F. COEBKLS, MtiiipliiK. Tf-nii.

QTT? A T7rrT5T?T3 T5 TT7CJ •' 'u'l'es, larg.st, i.esi, most

O i Xtii W JjJlirLrliJllO Hardy and Productive.
I'lant this Fall and save a year, (ireat American, .Monarch, Es-
sex, Cumberland Triuini)li. SH.\KPI..ESS, very huge, new,
llrm, sweet, excellent, hardy and i)roductive. Should be in
every collection. Crescent, Pioneer, Cap. Jack, and others.
Julys. Send for Catalogue. WM. PARRY. Clunaminson.N.J.

NURSERYMAN'S

DIRECTORY

of 1877-78.

A reference book of the Nurserymen, Florists, Seedsmen, Tree
Dealers, <fec., for the United States. Alphabetically arra.iged by
States and Post Otiices. 310 pages, 8vo. Price $10.00. Mailed
post-paid, on receipt of price.

Address,

CHAS. H. M.-VROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

MjiM Strawberry Plants,

E(iual to i)ot plants at much lower rales. Set in Aug. and Sent.,
(and later South). Will produce a full crop the following Spring.
Keiidy after Aug 1st. by the doz., 100 or 1000, cheap. Also, a
full stock of Peach and other nursery trees. Small Fruit Plants,
Vines, &c., of best quality and at low rates. Send for circu-
larto V CHAS. BLACK & BRO..

July 2 Village Nurseries, Mightstown, N. .1.

New Tuberous Rooted Begonias.

Three thousand well rooted ))lauts, raised from seed carefully
hybridized from the finest strains in cultivation, of all shades of
color, from the purest white to deep carmine, which will
blossom almndantly until frost. Fine strong plants sent post
jiaid securely packed on recei|)tof price as follows : Per doz.,
$3.00 ; one-half doz., $a.OO. I am booking orders, to be de-
livered in the Pall, <'f all the new and leading European kinds,,
including those of Belgian, German, French and English origin.

July 2 DANIEL BAKKER, Florist, etc., Norfolk, Va.

Property for sale. One Acre of Land and New Dwelling, built
last Fall, two-story, frame, witli good cellar and good well and
cistern, in the centre of the town of Towanda, vvith a popula-
tion ef 5,000, and on three railroads. Valuable Greenhouse,
60 ft. by 20 ft., with good boiler and pipes, all in good running
order. A good trade of five years' standing. The whole prop-
erty will be sold together, or the Greenhouse and part ot the
lot separately, to suit purchasers. For further particulars ad-
dress or callupon the proprietor. JAS. J. KAVABTAGH,,
Towanda, Bradford Co., Pa., aag 2.

Tobacco Stems,

For Funilsatlii^ purposes, for sale in bales of about 400-
lbs., free on lioat or cars at $5 per bale, or three bales for $12^
on one order.

STRAITON & STORM,

aagl2

17s <& 180 Pearl Street,

New York City.

tZ.€\^\£\ -Agents Wanted to subscribe for the Agents*'
^J^^^^^^ Journal. A handsomely bound 24-page Jour-
nal brim full of interest to Agents. Every agent should see a
copy of it. Send Postal Card for Specimen Copy. Agents"
Journal, N. Y. janl2

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

H1TCHINGS'& CO.,

No. 233 Mercer Street,

Between Bleecker and West 3d Streets,

NEW YORK.

Offer their very Large Stock of

5/\dDLE Boil

t

At prices lower than at any time
within the past thirty years.

Qt

n41

Patent Corrugated Fire Box Boilers, =t|

Conical Boilers,

Saddle Boilers and
Base Burning Water Heaters;

Heating Pipes and Pipe Fittings

OF EVERY DESCRIPTION AND SIZE,

S ASH-LIFTIN G- APPARATUS

OF MOST APPROVED FORMS.

Send 6 cents postage for Catalogue, References
and. List of Prices.

^j^OGATED [IRE-BoX B^^N^y,

^=^^^

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISF.R.

lYI. M. BAYERSDORFER $c CO.,

56 North Fourth Street,

PHILADELPHIA, PA.

Wo bos to rail tlio tUtuntion of the WHOLESALE and RETAIL TRADE in
FLORISTS' GOODS to our well assorted stock for the Fall season:

BOQUET PAPER (Italiens,)

I'iiiin White Edtics, GoKl and Silver Edges, Pasted Cartoons, White Satin for Bridal
r.().|iRts, Fancy Lace Papers for Weddings, Receptions and Parties.

IMMORTELLES,

(Original bunches, selected by one of our firm.) White
and all colors.

DRIED GRASSES AND FLOWERS,

111 <rr( at varieties and styles; very suitable for ornamental purposes.

BASKETS,

P,r<>vMi varnished Willow Baskets, Wheat Straw and While Gilt Baskets.

ORNAMENTAL GRASS BOQUETS,
FRENCH GREEN MOSSES,

TIN FOIL, Best in Market,

WIRE DESIGNS for CUT FLOWERS.

Prize Medal of Cincinnati Industrial Exposition of 18T3 ; Medal and Diploma of International
Exposition of 1877, "■For heat display of Boqwt Papers."

Send orders early in Fall. Illnstrated Catalogue furnislied gratia <m annlipntion. t.aiig.tf

GREENHOUSES, GRAPERIES, Etc.

Their Construction a Specialty. Experience of 20 Years.

SHIPPED TO ALL PARTS OF THE COUNTRY. Cv= send for catalogue. Address,

LORD'S HORTICULTURAL WORKS,
jmietf Irvington-on-Hudson, New Yorlc

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

Anthericum Vitatum Variegatum,

FROM THE CAPE OF GOOD HOPE.

This is certain 1}' one of the finest of this class of

ORNAMENTAL FOLIAGE PLANTS

That has been offered for years. Leaves fifteen to twenty inches long, gracefully recurved ; very
bright green ; deeply edged and striped with white. It has been compared by many to Pandanus
Veitchii, which it resembles in its general appearance. Easily grown in any greenhouse or
window. A beautiful plant for the center of stands and vases. Said to be quite hardy.

My Catalogue of New Plants for Spring of 1878

Now ready, and will be mailed free to all on application. Terms, cash with the order.

WM. K. HARRIS, Kingsessing Nurseries,

5601 Darby Moad, Philadelphia,

febia.

{Late of the J''ir}n of y^hnnio <& Scollai/,)

PATENT IMPROVED HOT WATER BOILERS

PRIZE MEDAL AND DIPLOMA AWARDED THIS BOII^ER AT THE
CENTENNIAL EXHIBITION.

t^~ Please Bead for Circular for explanation, etc., before yon tnake up your mind to purchase elpewhere.

eep 12 1204 Degraw Street, near Nostrand Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.

THE HOR TICUL TURA /, . / /; / -ERJISl-.R.

PI A MO l^'Hntiful Concert Grand /^DOAM
l#\l^\/ I'iHi)0:», cost 9l,nOO (inlv vjAVjjMrJI
S-*-.'». 8 i|i>Mli(;rniHl Square Pianos, cost $i,U>«» iiiii\ i8i-i.'».-t,

Kl.>f;:iiit Cpritiht I'lancis. co!<t S><00 onl.v S15,-.. N.w Siylc
IpriL-lit l'itino.><, Slia.SO. Or^uiiM $:}5! orL'iiM!*, Ir4 stops,
S7"i.r>C>. t'iMinli Orjrans, I(> stops, cost S:{UC>, only SH5.
KicL'iiiit %^,^^Z> .Mirror top (_)ri.'iius. only $105. 'I'rL-nicndous
t<acrilico to close out present stock. liniut-iDtr New .'^teaui
Factory soon to Ite erected. Newspaper with inin-li infurma-
tion about cost l'iano8 and Orsaiis SENT FKKE. Pleasp
address DANIKL F. BE.VTTY,

lie. iL."^isr:E]22:

tjuueS

IVaoltiiigton, N. J.

Farm for Sale,

Near Worcester, Mass.

In all the bargains offered by Western railroads did you ever
pee anything equal to this? $15.38 an acre and the buildings
thrown in (the leuces on the farm cost more than this), 6.^ acres
1 \<. miles I'roni depot ; fine wood lot, 600 cords ; now keeps 3
cows, can easily be made to keep six; mowed by machine; 60
clioic" fruit trees ; bordered by trout brook. Coltat^o, 6 rooms,
l)ainted and papered. Barn 3Hx:i6, \vagou hoii.«e, etc., only
f 1000, part cash, balance $50 a y*ir. The wood when marketed
Nvilj pay for the farm. Hemeniber this is not a highly colored
descrii)tion, but was taken from the owner right oh the farm.
This, with hundreds of better farms, fully descriljcd in oftr
Ii.st, pOft ))aid to any address.

GEO. H. CHAPIN,
Herald Huildituj, Boston,

jane6

PRESERVING, PICKLING AND CANNING FRUIT.

By Mrs. M. E. Peterson.
Containing a choice collection of receipts of Preserving,
Pickling, and Canning Fruits, many of them being original from
housewives of experience. 72 pages, ]6mo, Cfoth. Price 50
cents. Sent by mail, post-paid, on receipt of price.
Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

MANUAL OF SMALL FRUIT CULTURE,

BY E. P. ROE,

("The chapter on picking and marketing is eminently practi-
cal and sensible. "— .4 mer/crt)! Agricultural.)

How to raise and market Strawberries, Raspberries, Currants,
Gooseberries, Blackberries, &c. 82 pages, 8 vo., paper, price
50 cents. Mailed post-paid on receipt of price. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St.. Phila.

nr FASHIONABLE CARDS no two alike, with
/ n name, 10c. 20 Scroll, \vith name, 10c.,post paid. Agent's
LU outfit 10c. »- J- s

novl2 GEO. I. REED & CO., Naesua, N. Y.

WALTER ELDER,

X,AJfDSCAVl<: AND JOBJilNO GAUDENER,

12ai Kodman Street, Philadelphia,
Attends to all branches of his business on reasonable terms.

GRAPE CULTURA'LISf;

By Andrew S. Fuller.

A treatise on the Cultivation of the Native Grape. Illustrated
286 pages, 12mo, cloth. Price $1.50. Sent by maU post-paid on
receipt of price. r i-

Addresa CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Pbila.

CARPENTRY MADE EASY,

OR, THE SCIENCE AND ART OF BUILDING.
ByW. E. Bell, Architect.
A new and improved system. Specific instructions for Balloon
Frames, Barn Frames, Mill Frajaes, Warehouses, Church Spires,
&c. Also, System of Bridge Building, Bills, Estimates of Cost and
valuable tables. Illustrated by 38 plates and nearly 200 figures. 134
pages, 8vo, cloth. Price, $5.00. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt
of price. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

Rear of 428 Walnut Street, Philadelphia.

.Manufacture of PLAIN and K.\NCY V.IHE-VVOKK, for FLO-
UI.s'l'S ; Wreaths Crosses, Stars, Crowns, Hearts, Anchors,
Birds, Lambs, (iipsy Baskets, Hanging Baskets, Flower Stands,
Jtc, latest designs.

SEND FOR PRICE LIST.

t-£eb-tf

J. B. HICKMAN.

Collector of Bulbs and Seeds of California Wild Flowere, San
Juan, San Beuito Co., Cal. tiDay6

!iY UK.N.I. K. SVII.I.IAMrt, K. K. H. S.

Containing descriptions of 930 Species and Varieties of
Orc'hlclaceoiiii Plants with notices of times of Howering,
approved modes of treatment und practical instructions on
general culture. Keniarks on heul, moisture, soil, seasons
of growth and rcr't fuilcd to tlu! s.-vcral species.

FIFTH EDITION ENLARGED WITH COLORED FRONTISPICE
and numerous beautiful iilui'iratious, '.i'.iQ Pages \M mo.
ClotU. Price $3.50. Sent by mail, po.-tage tree on receipt

of price.

4th edition of the above work also on hand, 300 pages 12 mo.
cloth, illustrated. Price $2.50. Sent by mail, postage free, on
receipt of price. Address

CHAS. H. MAROT,
814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

FRUIT AND BREAD.

A Natural and Scientlflc Diet.

BY OUSTAV SCHLICTKEYSEN.

Translated from the German by M. L. Holbrook. M. D. In-
tended to show what is the natural food of man ; to lead him to
become a living child of nature; to simplify aiul beautify his
manner of living; to emancipate women from the drudgery of
the kitchen ; to lead to increased use of fruit ; to dimish rlie use
of flesh, and where possible, to do away with its use altogether;
to improve the health and add to the enjoymeut-s and vilue ot
life. Cloth, 250 pages; 12mo. illustrated. Price, $1. Sent by
mail post-paid on receipt of price. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

The Farmer's Account Book

A Complete .System of ISook-Keepiiig for Farmers,
Planters and Gardeners,

BY' A. L. CAMPFIELD.

Every one should keep a strict account of all business trans-
actions, and thereby save much trouble that comes of neglect.
This is a plain, practical .system of book-keeping, easily under-
stood, and e.specially adapted to the wants of the Farmer.
Full instructions in each book. Can be carried in an ordinary
pocket; ISO pages, bound in sheep skin. Price 75 cents. Mailed
postage free on receipt of price. Address

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

PEAR CULTURE FOR PROFIT.

BY P. T. QUINN.

A practical Horticulturist and author of "Money in the Garden.'
Containing practical method of raising Pears intelligently and
with best results ; character of soil, best mode of preparing it ;
best varieties to select under existing conditions ; best mode of
planting, pruning, fertilizing, grafting, and utilizing the ground
before the trees come into bearing, and finally gathering and
packing for market. Illustrated with practical cuts on prunniug
and grafting, distance table and orchard record. 136 pages, 12
mo. cloth. Price $1. Sent by mail, post-paid on receipt of
price. Address,

CHAS. H. BIAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

LONDON GARDENER'S CHRONICLE

Will be furnii^hed, post-paid, direct to subscribers in the U. 3.
for $7.50 per year. Apply to

novtf CHAS. H. MAROT, Agent, 914 ChesUiut St., Phila.

HEARING RKSTOREO. Great invention by one who
was (leaf for 20 years. Send stamp for particulars. Vefby
& UAUPEit, Lock Box SO, Madison, Ind. aug 2.

THE HORTICULRAL ADVERTISER.

MARSHALL.

This fine, NEW AMERICAN PKAK, originated in Wash-
ington Co., N. Y.. and is now (ISTS) l>eiuur ])ropat.'ated and for
-sale by P. H. Foster, at the BABYLON NURSERY'. The tree
is moderatHly vigorous; very productive ; fruit rather large;
bell shaped; greenish russett; becomes yellow when ripe;
thin slvin ; flesh white; juicy, buttery; flavor neither sweet nor
80ur; ten days after the Bartlett; as good a bearer and better
fruit; smooth; does not crack nor canker; is always mucli
admired when growing and when ripe. For further details,
refer t') the Gakubnek's Monthly, Nov., 1877, page 336.

Thos. Meehan, Esq., says of it : " We can say that few Pears
.excel it in flavor, and regard it as a very valuable acquisition."

75c. each. S6.00 per doz.

P. H, FOSTER,

't:aug.3 Babylon, N. Y.

SUBTROPICAL GARDEN;

Or, Iteaiity of Form in the Floiver Garden.

By W. Robinson, P.L.8,
Beautifully illustrated. 241 pages, 12mo, cloth. Price, $2.75.
Mailed, postage free, on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

ITTEW STRAWBERRY.

SHABPLESS' SEEDLIXG.

ART OF GRAFTING AND BUDDING,

By Charles Baltet.
Appropriately and fully illustrated by cuts, showing meth-
ods, tools and appliances. 230 pages, 12mo, cloth. Price,
$2.00. Mailed, postage free, on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

Fruit Growers' HandSook,

By F. R. Elliott, p.uthor of "Western Fruit Growers
•Guide," (one of the best posted men on the subject in the
United States). Contains the oractice on all subjects connec-
'ted with fruit growing. The booic is made for those who grow
fruit for their own use. Also an Appendix, containing matter
relating to the selection and culture of Ornamental Trees,
Roses, Plants, &c. Illustrated with 45 wood-cuts, 180 pages,
16mo cloth, $1 ; paper, 60 cts. Sent by mail postpaid on re-
•ceipt of price. Address

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

THE VEGETABLE GARDEIT.

BY JAMES HOQGJ.

ROSE GARDEN.

By Wm. Paul, F. R. H, S.

Embracing History of the Rose ; formation of Rosarium ; detail-
ed account of practice for successful cultivation ; arrangement ia
natural groups of most esteemed varieties, English and Foreign,
in the most eminent Gardens ; with full description and remarks
on origin au'l mode of culture. Numerous illustrations. 2J6
pages, Royal 8vo, cloth. Price 83.00. Sent by mail post-paid
on receipt of price. Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

HOW plXnts grow.

By Asa Gray, M. D.

A simple Introduction to Structural Botany^ with a Popular
Flora, or an arrangement and description of Common Plants,
both wild and cultivated. Illustrated with 500 wood engravings.
233 pages, large 16mo, half-arabesque, paper sides. Price 81 25.
Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

in^'irrgir?;:^rc^i!>ttr":s^^^g?*^^^^^^^ of Botany of tlie Nortliern nnileJ Slates.

all kinds of Vegetables; with plain directions for prepar-
ing, manuring and tilling the soil to suit each plant ; including
also a summary of the work to be done in a vegetable garden
■during each month of the year. 137 pages, 16mo., cloth. II-
-'lustrated. Price 50 cents; sent by mail, postpaid, on receipt
of price. Address

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

AMERICAN FRUIT CULTURIST.

BY JOHN J. THOMAS.

Practical directions for the Cultivation of Fruit Trees in the

NURSERY. ORCHARD AND GARDEN.

I>L'seriptions of the principal American and Foreign varieties.
Plain Editii>n, 480 engravings, 511 pages, 12 mo. Price, $3.00,
Mailed post-paid on receipt of price.

JSt^ ixtra Edition, 576 pages, heavy paper, fine cloth, 508

illustrations and chromo frontispiece; mailed, for 83.75."%ja

Address CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnu.'St.. PhilaT

By Edward Spraguk Rand, Jk.

A treatise on Hardy and Tender Bulbs and Tubers. 357 pages,
"xamo, cloth. Price, ^1.50. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt
of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT.

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

By Asa Gray.

Including the district east of the Mississippi and north of Carolina
and Tennessee. Arranged according to the Natural System. Illus-
trated with 20 plates of Sedges, Gra>ses, Ferns, &c. 703 pages,
Svo, half-arabesque cloth sides. Price, ^2.25. Sent by mail post^
paid on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

" G ARD EN ER^^ ICTIONARYT

By Gbo. W. Johnson, Editor of " CotUge Gardener."

Describing the Plants, Fruits and Vegetables desirable for the
Garden, and e.xplaining the terms and operations employed in
their cultivation. New Edition, with a supplement, including the
new plants and varieties. 910 pages, i2mo, cloth, fine print. Price,
J3.50. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address. CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

WORKING MAN'S WAY TO WEALTH.

By Edmund Wrigley.

A pr-ictical treatise on Building- Associations, what they are, and
ko7vto tise them. 108 pages, i6mo, cloth. Price, 7s cents. Sent
by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

8

/■///-; HORTICCLrUKAL ADVERTISER.

SOUTHERN ENTERPRISE

For llii' lirvi-liipiiiriit ol .iiir \l:ili-rial Ki'soium',-, .|,\.,ir,l i,,
IiiimiirniliDii, Simllu-rn I'ruj.'ri'.-is, Niitioiial rro^pirilv, lliipiiv
linnil I.iti- tliroiiirli I'rucliiiil llnrtifulhiri-, Klfviiled " AL,'il(iif-
turc ^tli<' fonin'i' lu'iDjr tlu- crndlc of thu liiltiT), DivLT.>*ili((l
IiicliiJ-tii.ti. lie. is

PUBLISHED AT ATLANTA, GA., FOR $1 PER ANNUM.

5S. '1. .Iknkjss. K<lTt(ir iiiid riDpriclor ; J. S. JJewman, Asho-
ciati' Editor. Kcct-ivf— inipiiit ; know— be known. Everything
shall III' PMcriiiri'd tn rclialiility. feh 12

PRACTICAL HINTS

On the si'lfctioii and usr ol the

IVIiaROSCOPE,

Inti'iukd for hi-giiiutT!*, by John I'uin.

Editor of the Am. .lounial of Microscopy. Enhirtred edition.
Pro(n-ely illnslrated ; IM pp., 12mo., clotli; price, 75 cts.
Mailed post-paid on receipt of price. Address,
OHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

SECOND HAND BOOKS.

\\\ Mail on Keceiiit of Prici'.

Speak Quickly if You Want Them.

J^"Say in your order " Second-hand Ll8t."_aj

Anderson's Agricultural Chemistry

Boyd's Philadelphia Business Directory (1877-7f

Beet Culture and Beet Sugar, by Childs .

Buisfs Family Kitchen Gardener

Christy's Chemistry of Agriculture

Chorlton'8 Grape Growers' Guide, 1 copy at

Copeland's Country Life

Cobbett's American Gardener

Daua's Muck Manual

Donaldson's Manures, Grass and farming ,

Downing's Kural Essays

" Fruits and Fruit Trees of America, 1 copy at

" " " " 1 copy at

" " " " 1 copy at

" Landscape Gardening and Rural Architecture,

" Cottage Residences

Downing's Cottage Residences (Svo.)

Fowler's Homes for All

Field's Pear Culture

French's Farm Drainage

Fuller's- Small Fruit Cnlturist.

Gueruon on Milch Cows

Horticulturist. % Tky.. (good as new) 3 vols., ISS.-i. 1S56,
and 1S57. $2.50 each

Hovey's Magazine. 17 vols, octavo

Henderson's Gardening for Profit
" Practical Floriculture

Johnson's Agricultural Chemistry

Langstroth on the Honey Bee

Loudon's Encyclopaedia of Agriculture, y, Tky.
" " Gardening, •'

" " CottaL'e Architecture. )4 Tky.

Liebeg's Farmers' Chemistry, l::iy4 pages, 8 vo.

Leibeg's Familiar Letters on Chcmiritry

Marazathy's Grape Culture and Wine Making

Mead's " " "

Munn's Practical Land Drainer .

McMahon's American Gardener

Mccntosh's Orchard, with colored plates, .
" Greenhouse with colored plates,

Norton's Scientific Agriculture

New Americen Orchardist

Planters' Guide

Qninby's Bee Keeping .

Reemelin's Vine-dresser's Manual,

^Saunder's Domestic Poultry

Smee on the Potato Plant

Tobacco and its Culture, Billings,

Ten Acres Enough

Todd's How to M.ike Farming Pay

Wood's Class-book of Botany

" " " for Schools,

" Object Lessons in Botany

Woodward's Rural Art '. \

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

TELECRAPH ENGINEER,

Office & Salesroom 180 E'-way, N. Y. City. P. 0. Bos 1264.

.Maiaifacturir of and dialer in Telegraph Apparatus, and sup-
plits of all kinds. Telegraph Lines Built and E(|Uipped with
Telephones. Dials or other apparatus. Sole munufaclurei" of
tilt' "Banker's and Broker's Check Protector," an absolute pro-
tucl ion against fraudulent raising of properly written checks,
Ac. Recommended and in use by the Publisher of this Jour--
iial, and by Banks, Bankers, and Business Men generally. tm6-

1 00
75
75
75
75
60
75

2 50
1 00

1 00

2 00
1 50

3 00
5 00

1 25

3 00

2 00
1 50

75
1 00
1 00
1 00

75

7 50

10 00

1 00

1 00

2 00
1 25
7 .50
7 50

, 7 50
.=5 50
1 00

4 00

3 00
50

1 25
3 00
3 00
1 00
1 00
1 60

1 25
75
75
75

2 25

1 00

2 00
2 50
1 00

1 25

2 00
75

FOR FALL PLANTING, IN POTS OR OUT.

PlticE List sent free.

aug.tf dOHN S. COLL IMS, Moo rest own, N.J.

OF

PfiACTICAL LANDSCAPE

CARDENINC.

BY P. U. ELLIOTT

Designed for City and Suburban Residences, and Country
School-Houses ; containing designs for lots and grounds, from a.
lot 30 by 100, to a forty-acre plot. Each plan is drawn to scale,
with schedule to each, showing where each tree, shrub, &c.,
should be planted ; condensed instructions for forming and car--
ing for lawns; building of roads ; furling, protection, itruning
and care of trees ; making cuttings, evergreens, hedges, screens,
&c. Condensed descriptions of all the leading trees and shrubs;
soil and position in which they should be grown. Illustrations of
ground plans, elevations, trees, shrubs, winter gardening, <fec..
96 pp., 8 vo. cloth. Piice $1.50. Sent by mail on receipt of
price. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Philadelpliia.

The Gardener's Monthly.

THE t;OLLO\VIXG

BACK NUMBEES

WANTED, IX

C3-003D C03>T3DITIOnsr.

IHiiO. Dervmhor, JH70, Frhruaii/, IST.'y.

April,

Aiif/ust. 1SG9

Srjttetithe^r,

Octobi-v.

ytirftitfu-r,

Itrcember,

Jnniiari/, lS7'i, ^Ifirc/i,
.fiiiiiinri/. ISi.i. •Taiitinri), 1S70.
J}fmnlicr, " .Tamiary, 1S77.

tJiiHtitiri/, 1S74. fehrunry, "
l'\-bfuiirij, " March, "

January, 1870. August, " Auau.it, "

'Tuly, " tfuiiuary, 1875. feoruary, 1S7S.

Receivable in exchange on Subscription account, or exchang—
able for other numbers not in above list. Send numbers pre-
paid by mail, and advise the publisher. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT,

814: Clie>«tiiiit .St., Plillii.

Art of Propagation.

A Hand-book for Nurserymen, Florists, Gardeners, and
Everybody, 32 pages octavo, paper, illustrated with 25
cuts, price 50 cts. Mailed, postage free, on receipt of price-
Address

CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St , Phila.

BOOK OF EVERGREENS.

By Josiah Hoopes.

A practical treatise on the Coniferee or Cone-bearing plants.
Handsomely illustrated. 435 pages, liimo, cloth. Price ^.00-
Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER..

i\r xj :e^ s E5 !=«.

C? -A. I^ 33 S.

ir^~ Send for Circular and conditions of insertion under this tieadinir. _^^

R. BUIST, Sr,, Nurseryman,

tJTtu St. and Darby / ve., Pliila.

FARLEY, ANDERSON & CO.,

JNurseryujeu, L nion springs, N. Y.

PTHTFOStER, ' ~

Nursery ■iiau, Babylon, L. I., N. Y.

PETER HENDERSON k CO., Wholesale .THOMAS MEEHAN,
Seedsmen and Florists, JNew Yorlv City. | Nurse ry* 1 lee Seeds, Germant'n, Phil.

SAMUEL HAPE& CO.,

Nurserymen, Hapeville. Oa.

AUGUSTROLKER&SONS,
Bull) Dealers, N. V. City.

inthje: west

900,000 acres taken in four months by 85,000 people.
Qood climate, soil, water, and building stone, and good so-
oUty. Address, S. J. Gilmore. Land Comr. Salina. Kansas.

XliE IsTE'W" 'E.AJEm^ I'E-A.CHES.

Wilder, Saunderx, Downing, Musser, Alexander, Anixden, and
other varieties fruited side by side. Price list and circular
giving our experience with the above this season mailed upon
application. H. M. ENGLE & SON. Marietta. Pa.

CALLA LILY ROOTS.

The undersigned offer to the trade upwards of 5000 choice
Calla Roots, well cured for immediate transportation.

per doz. per 100 per 1000
Calla jEthiopica, extra large roots, - $2.00 $12..V) $90.00
Calla JEthiopica nana, (Dwarf Calla), 2.00 12.50 90.00
" " good flowering Roots

of either variety, - - - - 1.50 8.00

Small Bulblfts, $1.50 per 100

Good flowering Bulbs, by mail, postage prepaid $2.50 per doz.
P'or further particulars, address,

HENRY MICHEL k CO., Florists and Seedsmen,
aug.3. 107 N. 5th St., St. Louis, Mo.

HOW TO LAY OUT A GARDEN.

By Edwtrd Kemp.

A general guide in Choosing, Forming and Improving an Es-
tate (from a quarter-acre to a hundred acres in extent), with
reference to both design and execution. Illustrated with nu-
merous plans, .'sections and sketches. 403 pages, 12mo, cloth.
Price 82.30. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.
Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

LAWN AND SHADE TREES.

By F. R. Elliott.

Deciduous and Evergreen Trees and Shrubs, for planting in
Parks, Gardens, Cemeteries, &c., &c. Illustrated. 125 pages,
lamo, cloth. Price, gi. 50. Sent by mail, post-paid, on receipt of
price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

ORNAMENTAL TREES.

By Thomas Meehan.

An American Hand-Book, containing the personal obserra-
tions of vhe author. 257 pages, 24mo, cloth. Price 75 cts. Sent
by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

A, HANCE ii SON,Nurierymen& Florists, J. C. VAUGH AN, Importer and
Red Bank, JNew .lersey. I Dealer in Bulbs, Chicago, 111.

BOWERS EARLY PEACH7

This new Peach has fruited for the last three years, ripening
in 1876. on July 4th ; in 1817, on .luly 10th ; and this season on
June 26th. It is a freestone of large size, some spe(-imeus
measuring over nine inches in circumference, flesh light with
a beautifully colored red cheek and of excellent quality. In
offering it for the first time to Nurserymen and Fruit Growens
we believe we are adding the most valuable contribution to the
list of early varieties that has yet been produced. We can
furnish trees and bud» at the following price.s : Trees $1.00
each, $10.00 per dozen; buds $2.00 per loO by mail, prepaid.
MORRIS & MILLER, Nurserymen.

aug.S. Frederick City, Md.

¥eW STRAWBEKRY7

^HARPI F"^^ *'^® largesi, best flavored and most pro-
On/Anr LLOOj ductlve berry ever produced. Berry
raised with ordinary culture from plant, set in Seuteinber, 12^4
inches in circumference ; weight 2}^ ounces. And on the same
stem four others from the size of a hickory nut to that of a
walnut. See sworn statement and recoinendations in my cir-
cular. Free to all, sending their name and address on postal
card. Address, J. L. niLLO>f. Bloom^hursj, Pa.

nFRTJITA¥D
ORNAMENTAL

LARGE STOCK.

TI^EES

LOW RATES.

STANDARD FKAR TREKS A SPfciCl A LT Y.

Send stamp tor Trade List. Agents Wanted.
E. MOODY & SONS, Lockport-, N. Y.
Niagara Nurseries. Established 1839.

A. F. CHATFIELD,

IMPORTER AND GROWER OF

EAST INDIAN

PRICES ON APPLICATION.

Albany, N. ¥., March 1, 1878. mchtf

"^mXfruTTculturist.

BY ANDREW S. FULLER.

Giving Description, History, Cultivation, Propagation, Dis-
eases, etc.

Beautifully Illustrated.

276 pages, 12nio, cloth. Price S1..50. Sent by mail, post-paid
on receipt or price Addrt-.ss,

CHAS. II. MAROT. 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

CLASS BOOK OF BOTANY. INSECTIVOROUS PLANTS.

By Alphonso Wood, A. M.
Being outlines of the Structure, Physiology and Classification of
Plants ; with a Flora of the United States and Canada. 832 pages,
8 vo, half arabesque cloth sides. Price, J3. 50. Sent by mail post-
paid on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

By Chas. Darwin.

With copious descriptive contents and index. Illustrated.
462 pages, 12nio, cloth. Price $7.00.
Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

10

THE HOR I'lCUL TURAI. A 1) / KR JJSER.

CKArt VINES.

Also GRAPE WOOD and CUTTINGS. LARGEST STOCK IN AMERICA.

All Ifadinj; viirii-ties in larf^e Huiiply. Kxirii inuilily. True to iiniiio. Sjn.inl riitin to A;.'. nti<, Dfaiii.x and Niir.xerymeii. Our
li>t of ciistoniyrs now i-inhmccs nciirlv all tlii' Icidiiiu' niirscrvnicii in tlio oniintrv, to whom we iv.iiild rt-fer tlio.xe not acquainted
wiMi our <tm k. Dc.tciiptive CntaloKiK- uiul Pri««- I.lHf Kr**-. T. S. Hl'lllt.VUD, li'itdoitin, N. Y. HUir.lO

STANDARD PEARS A SPECIALTY, a manual of vegetable plants.

We offer the largest and best stock of

Til the country. Also a full as.-ortnifnl of KXTRA AKO
FIHST-Cl-ASS M-USKUV STOCK. Pricci^ low. Ad-

RICHARDSON & NICHOLAS,

FROM TREES PROVED IN BEARING,

In our e.xtensive orclmrds. R. .1. BLACK, BHEMEIV,
FAIRFIELD CO., OHIO, sends Huds, put up carefully
to carry safely by mail. A very large collectiou of FRUITS,
-old, and new. and rare varieties. Catalogues gratis. aug.2.

ARITHMETIC MADE EASY.

ROPP'S EASY CALCULATOR

'Is a new publication that must prove of incalculable benefit to
Fanners, Mechanics and Busine.xs men. It is so ra]>U?a\Aorigi-
ruil as to startle the most scholarly, and yet ao simple and prac-

■tical that the most illiterate in figures can inntxintanemisly
become his own accountant. It enabVes thousands to accom-

jpbxh in a minute what thev could not learn to calculate in many
months.

Tlie first part containing an entirely new ni/ntem of Tables,
which shows at a glanre the exact values of aH'kinds of Grain,
Stock, Hay, Coal, Lumber, Merchandise, etc., from oiui pound

up to a car load, and for any price which the market is likely to

Teach ; the Interest on any sum for any time at 6, 7, Sand 10 per
ceur. ; correct measurement of all kinds of Lumber, Saw Logs,

■Cistern.s, Tanks, Granaries, Bins, Wagon Beds, Corn Cribs; a
Time, Wages, and many other valuable tables.

The Second part is a practical Arithmetic, and embodies a
simple mathematical principle which enables any one familiar
with the fundamental rules to l)ecome a lightning calculator ;

• and by which over ttro-thirds of the figures and labor required
by the ordinary methods, and fractions with their intricacies,
are entirely avoided.

The work is nicely printed on fine tinted paper, is well and
«legantly bound in pocket-book shape and is accompanied by a

• Silicate Slate, Memorandum and Pocket for papers. It is by far
the most complete, comprehensive and convenient pocket
manual ever published.

PRICES Boiiud 111 Russia Leatlier, Ollded, $3.00,
-Moriocco, $1.50 ; Fine Eiiglisli Clotli,$1.00.
Sent post paid on receipt of price. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Phila.

BACK VOLUMES

OF THE

Gardener's Monthly

■Can still be had in numbers, per vear - - - - $2 10
Bound in neat cloth cases, including numbers, - - - 3 00
" " Koan " "... 3 (6 j

Delivered postage free.

Or mail us your own numbprs, and have them bound in cloth
•cases for 90 cents. Returned to you bound postage free.

Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT,
S14 Chestnut Street,

PHILADELPHIA.

BY ISAAC P. TILLINGIIAST.

Containing the experiences of the author in starting all those
kinds of vegetnbles which are most difflcut for a novice to pro-
duce from seed ; with the best methods known for combating
and repelling noxious insects and preventing the diseases to
which garden vegetables are subject. 102 pages, ICmo. cloth.
Price, $1.00, mailed, post-paid, on receipt of price. Address,

CHARLES H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Plilla.

ASPARAGUS CULTURE;

77ii' licst Jlft/iodn ICtnplojfr)! in JCiiffUiiiii anil l''rauce.

By James Barnes and Wm. Robinson, F.L.S.
Illustrated, 23 pages, 12mo, paper. Price, 20 cents. Mailed,
postage free, on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.
A JIISTOliY OF

The United States of America

BY JOSIAH W. LEEDS.

Including some important facts mostly omitted in the smaller

histories. Designed for general reading and for academies.

Brought down to the year 187(5. 468 pp., 12mo. cloth, toned paper.

Price, $1.76. Sent by mail, postpaid, on recept of price. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

ALPINE FLOWERS FOR ENGLISH GARDENS.

By W. Robinson, F.L.S.

An explanation of the principles on which the Exquisite
Flora of Alpine Countries may be grown to perfection in all
parts of the British Islands, with numerous Illustrations of
Rock Gardens, Natural and Artificial. 70 illustrations, 440
pages, crown Svo, cloth. Price, $4.50. Mailed, postage free,
on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

THE WILD GARDEN;

Or, Our iiroves ntui Shruhberifs Mntlf Ilcnuti/'itl by
the Xaturnlization of Hardy Exotic I'lants.

By W. Robinson, F.L.S.
With Frontispiece.
236 pages, 12mo, cloth. Price, $2.25. Mailed, postage free,
on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St.. Phila.

WINDOW GARDENING.

By Henry T. Williams.

Devoted specially to the Culture of Flowers and Ornamental
Plants for In-door vse and Parlor Decora/ion. Splendidly illus-
trated. 300 pages, mod. Svo, cloth. Price 81.50. Sent by mail
post-paid on receipt ot price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

GARDENING BY MYSELF.

By Anna Warner.

Containing Hints and Experiences under heading of eacb
month in the year. Illustrated. 16mo, 223 pages, cloth. Price
$1.25. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

IT

Medal and Diploma awarded by the U. S. Cen-
tennial Commission, 1876, to

SMITH at LYMCM,

Mannfuctnrers of Patent Imjyi'oved

Portabls Csllular Fire Boz Rsturn Flus Boiler

AND

PATENT PORTABLE CELLULAR FIRE BOX

BASE BURNER BOILER

Greenhouses, Graperies, Conserratoi'ies, Propagating Psoases, Forcing Pits, Publie

and Prirafe Buildings, Schools, Drying Poonis and

Heating Water for PatJis.

ALSO KEEP CONSTANTLY ON HAND

Expansion Tanks, Evaporating Pan?, Stop Valves, Cast-iron Pipe, Elbows, Tees, Branches, Pipe Cliairs
and everythinsr necessary, of the best material, for Greenhouse Heating.

Smith & Lynch's Improved Ventilating Apparatus, for opeuing and closing Ventilating Sash, on roof
or sides of Greenhouses and Graperies.

Judges' Report on awards, with descriptive illustrated circular containing testimonials and reference.
Also price list furnished on application to

SMITH & LYNCH,

feb.1'2

12

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

CLUB PAPERS AT NET PRICES,

ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED.

TO REMIT IN CLUBBING

any nf ttio followinix li'^t, with the
GARDENER'S MONTHLY
Select svieli as you wish, i'o;)t up the prices annexed, and add TWO DOLLARS
for the MONTHLY to the total.

American Agriculturist %\

" Farmer 1

" Artisan 1

" Builder 2

" Maturaiist 3

" Odd Fellow 1

-A.ppleton'8 Journal 2

Arthur's Home Magazine 1

^Atlantic Monthly 3

Boston Cultivator 1

Building Association Journal

" Societies Gazette, London, England 1

Bucks County lutelligencer, old Bubscribers, $2.60, new... 2

California Horticulturist 2

Central Union Agriculturist and Chrome 1

•Children's Friend 1

" Hour 1

Coleman's Kural World 1

•Country Gentleman 2

Demorest's Magazine 2

Eclectic Magazine. 4

Farmer's Home Journal 1

»Farm Journal

Frank Leslie's Ladies' Magazine 3

" Review 2

Gei-mantown Telegraph, old subscribers, $2.50, new 2

•Godty's Lady's Book ' 2

Graphic, (Daily), per year 9

Hall's Journal of Health 1

Harper's Bazar 3

" Magazine 3

" Weekly 3

.Herald of Health ., 1

Household

!Iowa Homestead 1

.Journal of Chemistry 1

•Journal of Materia Mcdica 1

Kansas Farmer 1

-Lady's Floral Cabinet, with Chrome 1

Ladies' Repository 3

Leslie's Lady's Journal — 3

-Lippincott's Magazine 3

Littell's Living Age , T

'London Garden _ 8

London Gardener's Chronicle T

Maine Farmer 2

Manufacturer and Builder 1

Maryland Farmer 1

20 1 Massachusetts Ploughman $2 60

H6 i Metropolitan 1 85

60 Milling Journal 1 85

60 Moore's Rural New Yerker 2 35

25 Naticm - 4 75

60 National Baptist 2 35

50 : New England Farmer 2 35

85 " " Homestead ; 2 10

45 ; New York Evangelist 2 60

60 I New York Methodist 2 20

75' " " Herald Weekly 100

35 j " " Post Weekly, $1.40 Scmi-Wi-ckly 2 60

10, " " Times, Weekly, $!.40; Si-uii-Wcekly 2 60

75' " " Tribune, Weekly, $1.40 ; Semi-\V(!ekly 2 60

70 i " " World, Weekly, $1.40; Semi- Weekly 2 60

35 , North-Western Farmer ] 10

10 : Nursery 1 20

85 Ohio Farmer 1 60

10 Our Home .Tournal .• 2 25

60 ! Park's Floral Gazette 40

60 I Penn Monthlv 2 10

35! Peter's Musical Monthly 2 60

20 i Peterson's Magazine 1 70

10 ; Philadelphia Weekly Press 1 60

10 I Philadelphia Weekly Times 1 35

20 1 Phrenological Journal 1 60

15 Poultry World 1 00

.^0 Poultry World, colored plate edition 1 75

50 I Popular Science Monthly 4 20

35 Practical Farmer, (Weekly.) 1 60

.35 Prairie Farmer 1 60

35 i Purdy's Small Fruit Recorder 85

60 ! Saint Nicholas 2 60

85 1 Saturday Evening Post 1 75

60 ' Scientific American 1 75

10 i Scientific Farmer 85

10 I Scribner's Monthly 3 45

35 i Southern Cultivator 1 85

10 I Southern Planter and Farmer 1 85

35 I Vick's Illustrated Monthly Magazine 95

60 I Waverly Magazine 4 65

10 : Western Agriculturist 85

60 Western Farmer 1 80

75 " Rural 1 50

.50 1 Working Parmer 1 10

10 ; Young Folk's Monthly 95

85 'i'outh's Companion' new subscribers $1.40; old subscribers 1 75
35 I

The above includes postage under the ne'sv U. S. Law requiring prepayment of postage before mailing.

After subscription to a club paper through tliis agency, report non-receipt of your numbers
and other cau.ses of dissatisfaction, irregularities of mails or changes of residence, only to said
ipaper direct [not to this office).

Remit by P. 0. Order, Braft or Registered Letter. Currency is at risk of mails.

If you wish a receipt or reply, enolose postage stamp for that purpose, otherwise the club papers will be considered a
Hmfficient. receipt.

Address,

CHAa H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

]RURAL AND PRACTICAL BOOKS,
sent by mail, post paid, on receipt of price.

Allen's, R. L., Diseases of Domestic Animals

Allen's L. F. Rnral Arcliitenture

Allen's, L. F., American Cattle

Allen's, R. L. & L. F., New American Farm Book

Allen's, R. L., American Farm Booli

American Bird Fancier. (Brown's) „

American Weeds and Useful Plants

Apple Culturist, S. E. Todd

Art of Propagation, (Jenkins)

Art of Saw Filing

Art of Grafting and Budding

Architect and Builders' Pocket Companion.tuck $2, cloth.

Architecture, Modern American, Cummings & Miller

Asparagus Culture, paper

Baker's Fruit Culture

Uassett on Cranberry Culture « „

Barry's Fruit Garden « ~

Bell's Carpentry made ftasy

JJement's Poulterers' Companion «

Bement's Rabbit Fancier

Beet Root Sugar

Bicknell's Village Builder, 77 plates

Bommer's Method of Making Manures

Boussingaulf.-., J. B., Rural Economy

Breck's New Book of Flowers

Bridgeman's American Gardener's Assistant

liridgeman's Fruit Cultivator's Manual

Bridgeman's Kitchen Gardener's Instructor

Building Associations, How to Manage

Building Associations, What They Are —

Buist's, Robert, Am. Flower Garden Directory

Buist's, Robert, Family Kitchen Gardener

Burr's Field and Garden Vegetables of America

Carpenter and Joiner's Hand Book, (Holly)

Chorlton's Grape-Grower's Guide «

-Chemistry of the Farm, (Nichols)

Cleveland's Villas and Cottages

Cobbett's American Gardener

Coles, S. W.. American Fruit Book..„

Cole's American Veterinarian

Copeland'S Country Life „

Dadd's, Geo. H., American Cattle Doctor

Dadd's Modern Horse Doctor

Dana's, barauel H., Muck Manual

Darwin's Variations of Animals and Plants, (2 vols).

Darwin's Inseetiverous Plants

DeVoe's Market Assistant

Downing's, A. J., Landscape Gardening

Downing's Cottage Residences

Downinsr's Fruits and Fruit Trees of America

Downing's Rural Essays

Downing's Ladies' Companion to the Garden

DuBreuil's Vineyard Culture, (Dr. Warden)

Eastwood on Cultivation of the Cranberry

Elliott's Western Fruit Grower's Guide

Elliott's Landscape Gardening

Elliott's Lawn and Shade Trees

Elliott's Fruit Growers' Hand Book, paper, 60 cents, cloth

Farming for Boys

■Field's, Thomas W^, Pear Culture

Five Acres too much, (illustrated) -

Flagg's European Vineyards _

•Flax Culture .'

Flint, Chas. L., on Grasses

•Flint's Milch Cows

Floral Decorations for Dwelling-Houses

Fowler's Homes for All

French's Farm Drainage

Fuller's Grape Culturist

Ful.ler's Small Fruit Culture.

(and any others in the market not on this list) will be
Address Chas. H. Marot, 814 Chestnut St.,Phila.

Ful'er's Strawberry Culturist

Ful'er's Forest Tree Culturist

J?ulton on Peach Culture

'Gentry's Life Histories of Birds, (2 vols)

Gray's How Plants Grow

Gray's Manual of Botany

Gray's Manual, Botany and Lessons, in one vol

'Gray's School and Field Book of Botany

Gregory on Squashes, paper

Guernon on Milch Cows

Guide to Fortune

Harazthy's Grape Culture and Wine Making

Harris' Insects Injurious to Vegetation, clo.|4 ; col. eng's

Harris on the Pig

Hatfield's American House Carpenter _.

Henderson's Practical Floriculture

Henderson's Gardening for Pleasure

Henderson's Gardening for Profit

Herbert's Hints to Horsekeepers

Hoopes on Evergreens „

Hop Culture

How to Buy a Farm, and Where to Find One

How to Paint

Hussman's Grapes and Wines

■tfacquee' Manual of the House _

$1 00

1 60

2 5i)
2 .50
1 50

30
1 75

1 50
."50
75

2 00

1 50
10 00

20

4 00
30

2 50

5 00
2 00

30
1 .10
12 00

25
1 60

1 75

2 50
1 00

1 00

2 00
75

1 50
1 00
5 00
75
75
1 25

4 00
75
75
75

5 00
1 50
1 50

1 25

6 00

7 00

2 50
6 50

3 00
5 00

3 50
2 00
2 00

75
1 50
1 50
1 50
1 00
1 60
1 25
1 50

1 50
60

2 50
2 60
1 60
I 25
1 50
1 50
1 50

20
1 50
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4 00

1 25

2 25

4 00

2 50
30
75

1 00

5 00

6 50
1 50

3 50

1 50
1 50
1 50
1 75
3 00
40
1 75
1 00
1 50
I 50

Jacques' Manual of the Garden

Jennings' Cattle Doctor

Jennings on the Horse and His Diseases

Jennings' Sheep, Swine and Poultry

Johnson's Gardeners' Dictionary

Johnson's How Crops Feed

Johnson's How Crops (irow

Johnson's Peat and its L'ses

Johnston's Elements ot Ag. Chemistry and Geology

Johnston's J. S. W., Agricultural Chemistry

Kemp's Landscape Gardening

Klippart's Farm Drainage

Laugstroth, Rev. L. L., on the Hive and Honey Bee

Leeds' History of United States

Leuchars' How to Build Hot-houses

Leibig's, Justus, Familiar Lectures on Chemisti-y

Louden's Encyclopaedia of Plants

Lyman's Cotton Culture

Mayhew's Practical Book-keeping for Farmers

Mechanics' Companion, (Nicholson)

Meehan's Ornamental Trees

Miles on the Horse's Foot

Miner's, T. B., Bee-keeper's Manual

Mohr on the Grape-vine

Money in the Garden

My Vineyard at Lakeview

My Farm of Edgewood

My Ten-rod Farm

North American Sylva, 5 vols., 156 col. plates, in 30 parts

" " unbound

" " Half Turkey Antique, gilt

" full " "

Nichol's Chemistry of the Farm and Sea

^iorton's, John P., Elements of Scientific Agriculture

Norris' Fish Culture

Onion Culture

Our Farm of Four Acres

Packard's Guide to the Study of Insects c'oth

Paul's Book of Roses

Paul's Rose Garden

" " •' colored plates

Paxton's Botanical Dictionary

Pardee on Stra > berry Culture

Parkman's Book of Rosef^

Parson's, Samuel B., on the Rose

Peat and its Uses

Pear Culture, Fields

Pedder's, James, Farmers' Land-measure

Percheron Horse

Peterson's Preserving, Pickling and Canning Fruit

Phin's Open-air Grape Culture and Wine Making

(Juinn's Pear Culture for Profit

Quinby's Mysteries of Bee-keeping Explained

Randall's Sheep Husbandry

Randall's Fine Wool Sheep Husbandry

Rand's Bulbs

Rand's Flowers for Parlor and Garden.

Rand's Popular Flowers and How to Cultivate them

Rand's Garden Flowers

Rand's Orchid Culture

Rand's Rhododendrons

Robinson's Alpiue Flowers

" Sub-Tropical Garden

" Wild Garden

Ropp's Commercial Calculator, cloth $1, Morocco Tuck...

Rose Culturist paper

Robbins', R., Produce and Ready Reckoner

Saunders' Domestic Poultry, paper, 40 cloth

Saxton's Hand Book, in four series, each

Schenck's Gardeners' Text-book

Scribner's Ready Reckoner and Log-book

Strong's Cultivation of the Grape

Ten Acres Enough

Thomas, J. J., Farm Implements

Thomas, J. J., Fruit Culturist ; old ed., $3 00 ; new edition

Tobacco Culture

Vine's Chemical Manures

Warder's American Pomology

" Hedges and Evergreens

Waring's Drainage for Profit and Health

" Elements of Agriculture

" Earth Closets

Webster's Dictionary, Unabridged

Well's Every Man his own Lawyer

Williams, B. S., on Stove & Greenhouse Plants,2 vol8.,ill'd

Williams, B. S., onSelect Ferns and Lycopods

Williams, B. S., Orchid Grower's Manual, 4ih edition

" '' " " 5th edition

Window Gardening

White's Gardening for the South

*' Cranberry Culture

Wood's Class Book of Botany

Wright's Practical Poultry Keeper

Youatt on the Horse

Youman's HousetMjld Science

II 75
1 75
1 75

1 75
3 00

2 00
2 00
1 25
1 50

1 75

2 50

1 75

2 00
1 75
1 50

75

21 00

1 50

90

3 00
75
7o

1 25
1 00
1 50
1 25
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50

60 00

70 00

75 00

1 25

75

1 75

20

1 25

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60

3 00

5 50

15 00

75

1 50
1 50
1 25
1 25

60
1 09

50
1 50
I 00
1 50
1 50
1 00

1 50

2 50

1 25

2 50

3 00

1 50

4 50

2 75
2 25

2 00
30
75
75

1 50
75
30

3 00
1 50
1 50
3 50

25
1 25
3 00
1 50
1 50

1 00
.V)

12 00
■2 00

5 00

2 60

2 50

3 50

1 59

2 00

1 25

3 50

2 60

1 75

2 50

14

THE If OR riCL 'Z 77 'A'.-/ /, . / 1) I 'A' A' TISER.

Index to Advertisements.

A(lVi'lIisurSi<;T ;<.yl«.s^■./ tn Jnire (.nh-ia in Imad us |;aki V
Possible. Capii rcciirvd ufti-r the Tld hJ' fiu-li iininlli rami":
INsl'KED >iixertHi7i ill the next isxve.

Afieutp.tonrnal, New York,
Bnird W. F.. Bloomiiifjlon. 111.,
Barker. Diiiiiel. Norfolk, Vn ,
Bayersilorfer M. M. & Co., I'hiladeli.lii i.
Beatty Daniel K., WaelilliL'tou, N. .1..
Black, Charlee A- }iro.. Higlitstowli, N J.,
Black K. J , Bremen, Ohio, . . . .
Bryant J. M., IMiila.lelphin.
Bull William, London, Enirland,
ChicMfTO Floral Co., Chicairo, III.,

2
14
•2
4
(i

1(1
l-'lv-loaf
Fly-leaf

14

6
9

7
9
2
2
Cover

Chatneld A. F.. Albany, N. Y., 9

Cliapin, G. H., Boston, Mass (j

Ccdlinrf John S., Moorestowu, N. J S

Couen, N., New York, 14

Dillon .1. L., Bloomsburg. Pa 9

Elder Walter, Philadelphia,
Enule M. M. & Son, Marietta, Pa , .
Ellwitn^'er A: Barrv, Kochester, N. Y.,
Foster P. H.. Baliylon. N. Y.,
Gilmore S. J., Salina, Kau.,
Goebels F., Memphis, Tenn.,
Hance A. & Son., Red Bank. N J., .
Haufonl K. G. & Son. Columbug, Ohio,

Harris Wm. K., Philadelphia, ft

Hews A. H. & Co., Cambridtre, Mas* Cover

Henderson Peter & Co., New York. . ... 1

Hickman .). B., San Jnaii, Cal 6

Hitchinjrs & Co., New York. H

Hubbard T. S., Fredonia, N. Y.. 10

Kavaliagh Ja.s. ,T., Towanda, Pa., 2

Kelsey F. W., Rochester. N. Y Fly-leaf

Laudreth David & .Soni?, Philadelphia. . . . Fly-leaf

Lord's Horticultural Works, Irviugton-on-the Hudson, N.Y'., 4

Lynex R.. Philadelphia, G

Warot Chas. H , Philadelphia, 2,6,T,8,9,10,12,l;i,U, Fly-leaf.cover
Michel Henry <fc Co., St. Louis, Mo., .
Moody E. & Sons, Lockport. N. Y., .
Morris & Miller, Frederick, Md.,
Nimmo Alex., Brooklyn, N. Y.,

Nursery Cards,

Parry, Wm., Cinnaminson N. J.,
Parsons & Sons Co., Flushins, N. Y.,
Parsons R. B. & Co., Flushing, N. Y.,
Kandall Chas. A., New Y'ork,
Reed Geo. I. & Co., Nassua, N. Y.,
Richardson & Nicholas, Cieneva, N. Y..
Rolker August & Sons, New York,
Situations Wanted ....

Smith & Butler, Newport. R. I.,
Smith, L. Lum. Philadelphia,
Smith & Lynch, Boston, Mass., .
Straiton & Storm, New- York,
Southern Enterprise, Atlanta, Ga.,
Verry & Harper. Madison, Ind.,
Wright Peter & Sons, Philadelphia.

9
9
9
5
9
2
Cover

I, 14, Fly-

SITUATIONS WANTED.

AS propagator or foreman in a good commercial establishment
Fully competent to take entire charge. Has ten years' ex-
perience near New York, as rose grower and all branches of
the trade. No objections to the Western States, where such a
man io required. Address, J. H. K., Station B, Jersey City
Heights, N.J. ^

AS Propagator, by an experienced man in the business.
Understands the growing of hard and soft wood, and is
a successful grower of Roses. Those answering this, please
state terms, &c. Address, PROPAGATOR, Lock Box IL'4,

Geneva, Ontario County, N. Y

BY an active, sober young man, a position in a well-con-
ducted Florist establishment, or as Assistant Gardener in
a first-class private place. Have had several years' experi-
ence at both. Best of references can be given. Address,
stating particulars in the first instance. J. L. R., Waverly P. O ,

Baltimore County, Md.

By a single man. any time before the Ist of October, as Prop-
agator or Foreman in a Florists establishment. Twelve
years practical experience in the business, and is thoroughly
versed in the management of a commercial establi.shmeut.
First-class references from leading Florists in the "States.
Address A. B., Florist, Box 144, Lockhaven, Pa.

BY a thorough practical man as gardener In any public or
private place, or as foreman in a commercial pjace,
thoroughly understands the management of all kinds of stove
and greenhouse plants. Orchids, cut-flowers, &c. Good expe-
rience in Europe, and also in this country. Four years with
present employer ; can be highly recommended. Addres.», R.
M., care of Mr. Miller, IOL'5 7th St., Washington, D.C. aug2

No. 44 DKV Sl'l;i;KT, NEW YORK CIPY.
Correct lull uf Krror.

Prices in July No., page 1, (opposite lust page reading mat-
ter) sliould read " Francs," instead of "$,"a8 there prtntert,.

FLOWERING CiMS,

We are this year again able to olim very line plants,

WITH ft GR[ftT mmm of flower bods,

Purchasers will lind that tli<' llcjucis will returi] inucli more
than the cost of the phiiils. AiiKiiig the budded sorts iire

ALBA Mk m mil EOOB mill,

As well as the best colored kinds. For prices address,

R. B. PARSONS & CO.,

BOX 99, ^

I^l-u.sli.ia::Lgr, IST. "ST^

NEW GERANIUMS,^

We can supply large specimen plants of above at 50 cts. each.
Good stock plants per doz., - - - - $3 00

Small plants, ...... i .^o

Those wishing a desirable and saleable stock for next seasork
would do well to consult our Descriptive Catalogue, lurnished
on application.

We import from Europe all the finest NEW varieties as they
appear, and grow only the most desirable of the OLDER. Our
stock is in the finest condition. We have everything advertised
in sufficient quantity to fill all orders. None but good plants
Sent out. See advertisement, page 5, Gardener's Monthlt,
for June.

CHICAGO FLORAL CO.,
38fh Sf. and Grand Boulevard, Chicago, UL

^BEFORE BUYING GLASS.-- ESTIMATES

g -XHOA AV3 H "vLS ^ VN vo ^OS *^

D

M

b <

g

H

saf.'e^ ^soAioi \^ 'sasodand J3q).o we pnc H

saaa-iioH 'sasnoH-ioK 'sainadv^o <

PARSONS ON THE ROSE.

By Samuel B. Parsons.

A treatise on the Propagation, Culture and History of the-
Rose. Illustrated. 215 pages ]2mo, cloth. Price SI. 50. Sent,
by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MA ROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila^

TREES! TREES!!

If you wish 'IreCij, Shrubs or Greenhouse Plants, please send
for my Fall CataloL'ue and Pi'ire List. Address.

W. F. BAIRD, Trustee, Bloomington Nursery,
aug.3 Box I, Bloomington, McLean Co., His.

BOOK OF ROSEa

By Francis Parkman.

Description, Cultivation and Propagation. Beiutifullf ilhi.<i-
trated. 225 pages, 12mo, cloth. Price SI. 50. Sent by mail
post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT.

814 Chestnut St., Phila*

To Nurserymen and Florists!

EXCHANGE ADVERTISEMENTS.

To Nurseiymen, Seedsmen and Florists, who will favor us with the following or similar
advertisement in their Catalogues, and send us a marked copy of same, we will reciprocate by a
two line card in the Magazine, for three months.

Sample of Advertisement in Your Catalogue,

IN PROMIXEKT P0SITI0:N^ :

THE GARDENER'S MONTHLY AND HORTICULTURIST, edited by Thomas Mee-
HAN, and published at S2.10 per year, gives full instructions in the science and practice of every
branch of gardening. It will pay any one to subscribe for it. Our friends and customers may
send their subscriptions through us, and we will forward them to publisher. Address

AUGUSTUS ZONALE, Florist,

Skedunk, Mass.

"We believe it is to the interest of all in the business to increase the taste for it. It is as much
to their interest to extend the circulation of a Horticultural Magazine, as to support a good Hor-
ticultural Society. Still, we shall be happy to reciprocate by a card as proposed.

For ever}'^ such subscriber obtained and forwarded by you, you can retain, as commission, 70
cents, remitting to us SI 40 net, with the subscriber's name and address.

Sample of Card in Monthly, in Exchange:

SEE ALSO "NURSERY CARDS," ON PAGE 9, ADVERTISING COLUMNS:

THOMAS MEEHAN,

Nurseryman, Germantown, Phila.

We hope you will appreciate the fact that by this mutual arrangement you will be helping
your trade in multiplying the readers of Horticultural literature. Our low price of subscription
for a 32-page magazine, is only so much on account of the expense of publication. — It does not
begin to meet that expense. "We rely upon its reaching a market for our advertisers, who then
are sure to make up the balance by using our columns as an advertising medium. TVe do not
solicit advertising patronage by direct appeal ; but only by endeavoring to keep up the adver-
tisers' market in our subscription list. Our well-known success in this direction leads us to make
use of all promising legitimate expedients to this end. Shall we have your co-operation, as above
suggested? Send catalogue with notice by way of reply, and your card will be printed in the
following three months' numbers to balance.

Yours respectfully,

CHARLES H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St,, Phila,

Rhododendrons and Evergreens

Of all Ki/.i'M Hiiil ill ilm- coiiilitiDii li>r triiii!<iiliititiii;,'. S|)i'c'ul ntic-iitioii ciilli-d ti) iiiir laiL't' xpci-iiiiLMis oi perfect loriii. AIho a

tiiu- lumllhy i»liM'k ol

CAMELLIAS AND AZALEAS

Wliicli Imvf ;jr(iwii this vi'iir inoii" n>liiir<t timn (•vcr, mid nre olh reil iil icjifoimblc |)riicr«.

JAPANESE MAPLES, ORANGES

And many kiiidn of Nf>v ami Uur«- PlaiitN. Ufinu' in pots laii he sent out at any time, as also our select list of the beat
QrecnhoiiHe Plauts. Price List free, aim Dascriptive (."atalo^iie in its.

PARSONS & SONS CO., Limited,

Kitisena Xur.series, Flusluuf/, N. Y.

♦IN STOCK-;-

ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUES

Sent free on application.

'l^^

Low freights from Boston
allow us to compete with any
Pottery in the United States,

A. H. HEIVS 6L GO.^ - No. Gambridge, Mass.

200,000~tWOYEAR OLD DWARF PEAR TREES,

Jindfh-d on lient J'retirh Stnchu, ami of Prime Qiialiti/. Largely of

IDXJCI^IESS ID'.A.ISraOXJLE]VEE, X.OXJISE BOKTISTE IDE JEPlSE-y,

Doyenne d'Ete, Osband's Summer, Clapp's Favorite, Bartlett, Beurre CifTard, Blood-
good, Madeleine, Brandywine, Kirtland, Ott, Tyson, Buffum, Belle Lucrative, Howell,
Doyenne Boussock, White Doyenne, Beurre Clairgeau, Beurre Hardy, Beurre Diel,
Urbaniste, Swan's Orange, Beurre d'Anjou, Vicar of Winkfleld, Lawrence, Jaminette,
Clout Morceau.

THE ATTENTION OF NURSERYMEN, DEALERS AND PLANTERS

Is invited to the above Steele, which is bulieved to be aiisurpa-i^ed in qii ility by any in the United States. Those intendinc; to
plant largely will do well to correspond with us. We can refer to Large bearing Pear orchards in New Jersey. Virginia, Ken-
tuckv, Texas, and other States, which bear testimony to the quality and reliability of our trees. "Dwarf Fears, their Culture
and Management," mailed to applicants.

A PULL ASSORTMENT OP OTHER NURSERY STOCK AT PRICES TO SUIT THE TIMES.

XESTiis/roisn.A.i.s.

By the permission of the writers we are kiudly allowed to publish the following letters — want of space prevents us from
adding others of like character :

I'RINCETON, New Jersey, April 11, 1877.
R. G. Hanford & Son, Gentlemen :~l have just returned from Virginia, where I have the orchards of Apples, Pears, etc.,
over two thousand trees, which I have procured from you during the past eight years. They have borne true to name, and are
fine thrifty trees. Respectfully yours, A. L. ROWLAND.

Westport, Missouri, April 15, 1878.
R. G. Hanpord «& Son, GentUinen:—\\&vm^ dealt with you since 186S, it Is gratifying to me to be able to assure you that
all orders have been tilled to my entire satisfaction. The Trees, Plants, etc., have invariably been received in good order, being
well grown, vigorous and thrifty, and have proven well adapted to this soil and climate. Truly yours, D. W. HUNTER, M.D.

Hammonton, New Jersey, May, 8, 1878.
R. G. Hawpord & Son, Ge/ittenien .-—Three years ago I bought of you two thousand oiie-year old standard Bartlett Pear
Trees, and set 1534 on my own place. They have grown and done well, and I now have the best orchard in town. Some bear-
ing, and I expect nearly all will bear next year. Of the eight hundred bought of you last Fall, I believe every one is growing.
^' Fraternally, yours, W. B. POTTER, M.D.

Eagle Station, Kentucky, May 9, 1878;
R. G. Hanpord «fc Son, GentUmen:—ln the Spring of 1872 I bought of you one thousand Pear Trees--one-half standard
and one-half dwarf; and in the Spring of 1874-75, about two thousand more trees of Pears, Plums and Peaches. They have
grown and done well. The Pears and Plums have been bearing from one to three years, and have proved true to name. They
were the best packed trees 1 ever saw. I am perfectly satisaed with my dealings with you, and have to thank you for your
promptness and fair dealing. Yours respectfully, L. S. GARDNER.

Tehuacana, Texas, May 1.5, 1878.
Messrs. R. G. Hanford & Son, Gentlemen:— The several thousand fruit trees, consisting of Apples, Pears, Plums and
Peaches, bought of you about Ave years ago, and planted at this place, have done as well as could be desired, and have proved
true to name. I have bought trees from several nurseries in the last ten years, but the packing from the Columbus Nureery is
the best by far— in fact my trees when received were in as good condition as the day they left your nursery. The trees arc as
healthy and have done as well as any Southern grown trees I feel that I cannot endorse your dealings with me too highly.

I am, very truly yours, W. W. BOWEN.

Address, M. G. HANFORD & SON, Columbus Nursery,

ang.2 COXiTTIviEBTTS, OHIO.

The Gardener's Monthly

AND HORTICULTURIST.

EDITED BY THOMAS MEEHAN,

Asoietcd by an alilo Corps of AMKKIl AN and l'0|{i:i(»N CORRESPONDENTS.

It is published on tlie lirat of every montli. at tlio onke, No. 814 CHESTNUT STREET,
PIIILAi)ELPHIA, whore all Business communications .should bc> addri'ssod.
Communications for the Editor should be addri'S!»ed : Thomas MicioirAN, GKHMANTOWN,Philada.

SUBSCRIPTION PRICE, Postage paid, $2.10.
TERMS OF ADVERTISING.

One Time. .

T\v«> to Tliree Times, each,
Four to Six TiMies, "

Seven to Xliie Times, •«
Ten to Twelve »' "

Twelve linos nouparicl is '»' col. A lesa space than V col. will be furnished at rates in exact proportion, line for line.

For THIRD and LAST COVER PAOES ; FIRST PAGE adverti8enient.Ai<(«(7 readiu;; matter; "FLY-LEAP PAGE" (front
of number) brfore reading matter an(\/acinff rtrst cover— special figures will be given on application.

COPY and orders for NEW advertisements should be on hand by the 2sid of each month ; and CHANGES of COPY
running contracts by the 16th of each month, to insure them in the following issue. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT, Publisher, 814 Chestnut St., Philadelphia.

* col.

S* 00

j- col.
9» 00

^ rol.

$3 00

$8 00

•i 70

.-) 60

5 40

7 -40

a 'i'.

3 00

4 50

0 00

a oo

a 70

4 Oil

r, 3r.

1 so

a 4u

3 GO

4 HO

i col.

1 col.

1 pape.

iii 00

8^4 oo

S4» 00

lo so

ai 00

43 iO

9 oo

IS 00

3<"> OO

H on

10 oo

3'4 OO

7 aO

14 40

'ZH SO

;ONTENTS OF THE SEPTEMBER NUMBER.

SEASONABLE HINTS :

Flower Garden and Pleasure GioiukI 257

Fruit and Vegetable Garden 269-27tl

CORRESPONDENCE :

Picturesque Lawns 2.^7-259

Watering of Flower Beds 2.^9-260

Seeds and Seed Planting 260-201

Epidendrum 263-265

Alocasia Jenuingsii 26.')

Window Boxes and Jardinieres 265-20r)

Flowering of the Raphis Flabelliforniis 266-207

The Crescent Seedling Strawberry 27(»

A New Cherry 270-271

Grape Culture in Texas 271

Fruit t;nlture in Kansas 271-272

The Early Peaches in Kansas this Year 272

Felling Trees 2T4-27S

The Byfield Elm 2Tr)

A Murderous Plant— Darlingtonia Californica 2T7-278

Cross Fertilization in Sahhatia Angularis 278

Crossing and Hybridizing 27!»

EDITORIAL NOTES :

Stuartia Virginia— Trees In Large Cities— Primula

Japonica — Hypericum prunidatum 261-202

Mixing Oil ana Water— How to Ma)<e Skeleton

Leaves— Growth of a Marechal Niel Rose 267

English Importation of Fruit— Coal Tar on Fruit

Trees— Culture of Orchard Trees 272-273

Tree Planting in Switzerland — The Eucalyptus in

Memphis 275

Fungus Spawn 279-2S0

Annual Report of Fairmouut Park, Philadelphia-

Typographical Errors— Large Asparagus— A "Day"
in California— For Farmers- Prof. C. V. Riley— T.
B. Miner— Bible Plants, their History— Vegetation
Around Coiistantiijople— Horticulture in Maryland 290-2S5
Centennial Exhibition of 1876 — Transactions of
the Mass. Horticultural Society— Mass. Horticultu-
ral Society— The marketing of Pears, etc 286-2S8

NEW OR RARE PLANTS :

Selaginella Japonica — White Lilinm aarattim —

White Wistarias 262-20?

Anthurinm ornatnm 2i>7-269

SCRAPS AND QUERIES:

Names of Plants— Belgian Honeysuckle — Lawn

Grass 263

Robert's Portabl« Terra Cotta Dry Stove— Oiled

Sheeting 26!»

The Burn's Peach— Hornet Raspberry— Thomson's
Orange Peach — Gumbo— Mowing the Leaves of
Strawberries— Insects on the Grai)e Vine— Seed-
ling Gooseberry 273-274

Forest Corporations 275-277

Ants on Geranium Roots — Double Lilium Can-
didum 260

FLOWER GARDEN AND PLEASURE GROUND... 267-263

GREEN HOUSE AND HOUSE GARDENING 263-26<»

FRUIT AND VEGETABLE GARDENING 269-274

FORESTRY 274-277

NATUR A L HISTORY AND SCIENC E 277-280

LITERATURE, TRAVELS AND PERSONAL NOTES, 280-285
HORTICULTURAL SOCIETIES 2S5-2SS

BULBS

OUR CATALOGUE OF SUNDRY

IMPORTED AND DOMESTIC BULBS

Is now ready and will be mailed on application.

ROMAN HYACINTHS and LILIUM CANDIDUM

For early forcing, ready for delivery from middle of August forward.

DUTCH BULBS,

HYACINTHS, TULIPS, CROCUS, NARCISSUS, JONQUILS, &c,,

Deliverable during September and forward.

LILY OF THE VALLEY,

In late Fall delivery.

Our Catalogue Contains Much Valuable Information.

FLORISTS' SDPFLIES,

And a line of NOVELTIES therein, we shall offer in our new CATALOGUE, now ready.
Many new illustrations will facilitate the pux'chasing of goods to those
who do not come to New York to inspect our well-assorted
Stock of every kind of Florists' Supplies.

Dried Grasses and Flowers,

We keep the largest assortments again this season. Get our Catalogue before ordering elsewhere.

AUGUST ROLKER $c SONS,

P.O. Box 899. 44 Dey Street, New York,

Importers, Dealers and Manufacturers of Florists' Supplies,

SEEDSMEN AND BULB lAIPOBTERS.

LIVE STOCK FOOD

Tlic s(':\>uii is at haiul to sow TlUNlPh;. For STOCK, (hr

BLOOMSDALE RUTA BAGA IS UNEQUALLED.

(.A1;1)1;N and KIKLI) TIUMI'S of inf)s( approijriad- varidit-s.
Solid for Prices and descriptive list.

DAVID LANDRETH & SONS,

JSoti. 21 and 2^J Sodth Sixth St.,

Between Market and CheBtnnl, Philadelphia.

SELECT FERNS AND LYCOPODS.

By Benjamin S. Williams, F.R.H.S.
Comprising descriptions of 950 choice species and varieties, Brit-
ish and Exotic, with directions for their management in the Tropical,
Temperate and Hardy Fernery, with numerous beautiful full-page
illustrations. 353 pages, lamo, cloth. Price, ^2.50, Sent by mail
post-paid on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

THE ABBOTT

Pocket Microscope

Ib an ..nstrnment of great

practicnl usefnlnesB to

Teachers, Farmers,

Merchant^ IWe-

elianicn, Pliysi-

eiaiim, Bolaiii^tM,

Miners, and many

others. It is the beet

• nl ever InTented for exaniining FlOW

Seeds, Plants, Minerals,
Engravings, Bank Notes, Fabrics,

Etc. By menus of a cage, accoinpanyinij each In-
Btrument, on<^ can exanaine all kinds of |n~
sects or Worms alive. The

EYE OF A FLY,

or other insect of like pize, can be readily seen.
It is simple in conJirnction and easy 1.0 operate.
One of these inte.-eptin!» Instruments ought to
be in erery family. We hav made arrangements
to furiiii<h the Pocket Microscope at the
manufacturer's price, $1.50. It will be sent, post-
paid, to any reader of this Paper desiring it, on
receipt of price, or m.iy be had at this office.

Ii

ers.

Rochester, N. Y.

OtV(!rs for tlie Aututiiii of 1878,

SPECIAL COLLECTIONS

Of the finest ounamental tkees, shrubs and hoses
at reduced prices. Also all varieties of Fruit Trees
and Small Fruits. All .stock warranted as repre-
sented. Furnishing PARKS, CE.METERiEs and private
ESTATES A SPECIALTY. Descriptive Catalogue, with
colored plate, 10 cents. List of Novelties and Special
Collections free. Adrtross,

FRED. W. KELSEY, Rochester, N. Y.

70X CHESTNUT ST. PHiLAf

How to Raise Fruits.

BY THOMAS GREGG.

A riand-book of Fniit Culture being a Guide to the proper
Cultivation and Management ot Fruit Trees, and of Grapes and
JSniall Fruits. 1S4 payes, l'2mo, cloth, fully illustrated. Price
$1.00. Sent by mail post-paid, on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chesnut Street, Philadelphia.

DUTCH BULBOUS ROOTS.

We offer to the trade first-class

LILIUM CANDIDUM,

LILIUM LONCIFLORUM,

ROMAN HYACINTHS,

GERMAN LILY of the VALLEY PIPS,&c.,&c.

Prices on applicaiion to

J. M. THORBURN & CO.,

8ept.2. ju John Street, New York.

MEDAL AWARDED BY U. S. CENTENNIAL COMMISSION, 1876.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

Plants for Winter Flowering.

20,000 ROSES, Saffrano, Bon Silene, Douglass, Duchess, Alba rosea, Sylph-
ide, Marechal Niel and all "Winter Roses, from one to three feet high, in fine order for im-
mediate Forcing".

50,000 Bouvardias, Beg-onias, Carnations, Callas, Jessamines, Eupatoriums,
Ferns, Poinsettias, Double and Sing-le Primulas, Stevias, Smilax, Violets, &c., in
fine order for Winter work.

Bulbs and Roots for Winter Flowering.

Roman and other Hyacinths, Lily of the Valley, &c., &c.

Special Flower Seeds for Present Sowing.

Browalia Calceolaria, Cineraria Centaureas Cyclamen, Geraniums, Lobelias, Mig'-
nonette, Smilax, Stocks, &c.

Myosotis, Apple Geranium, Primulas— double and single, Pansies, Petunias,
Verbenas, &c., &c., mostly of our own raising from finest named sorts.

Special Vegetable Seeds for Present Sowing.

CABBAGE— Early Stimmer, Jersey, V^akefleld, Early Flat Dutch.

CAULIFLOWER- Early Snowball and Early Erfurt.

LETTUCE— Boston Market and Simpson.

RADISH— Black Spanish and Grey Vv^inter.

SPINACH — New Savoy-leaved, by far the best for either Spring or Summer crop.

•Special Price List of the above for Market Gardeners and Florists, sent free on application.

PETER HENDERSON & Co.

SEEDSMEN AND FLORISTS,

32 CORTLAND ST.. NEW YORK CITY

AUGUST RdLKER $c SOIMS^

44 Dey St., New York.

p. O. BOX 899.

FLORISTS SUPPLIES OF EVERY DESCRIPTION.

SEEDS FRESH AND RELIABLE.
BULBS PERSONALLY SELECTED ABROAD.

SOLE ..^a-E2>TT3 I^OI^

JOSEPH SCHWARTZ, in Lyons, France, Rose-grower. New catalogue out, will be mailed
on application.

A /

BOUCHARLAT AIXE, in Auire, France. Pelargonium Grower of Continental reputation.
AUGUST VAN GEERT, in Ghent, Belgium. We call attention to his

SPECIAL OFFER OF ORCHIDS,

Which we shall mail free on application. We extract
lilS CHOICE I
Collection A, 12 Orchids, in 12 vai-ieties, for _ . .

" B, 12 " 12 " "

" C, 24 " 24 " " - -

" D, 24 " 24 " "

" E, 15 '" from tempered cold-house, for

TAKEN AT HIS GREENHOUSES IN GHENT, BELGIUM.

Francs

i 75 00

u

125

00

((

125

00

(1

200 00

u

100

00

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

NEW CRAPES. 200,000 TUBEHOSES

havr the i.leasurool Ortt'rinL' two iK'w so.'dlint,' OrBpea, ^ ^ ^^ J ^ ^ ^ ^ ^^^^wwiw^iw

Wn liavc the i>leasur« oi orti'rinK two lu'w socdlint,' Orapea
orif»inati'd hy ii.-i from kim'iI rioiiic twelve years iii;i). Momiok
11 black (.irupe, ripeiiiiii; about Hainc lime uk llarltorfi rrolilic.
RocHEi<TEii, a purple (Irnpu, ri])eiiiiitr lieve about let Septem-
ber. i.'ironlar« >:iviiiij full description and jirices on applica-
tion

Ellwangcr & Barry, Rochester, N. Y.

Landscape Gardeners,

SMITH & BUTLER,
Newport, Rhode Island.

Plans aud eBtiniates givcu fur auy part of tbe country.
novl2 _ '_

THE AMERICAN

Steanisliip Compuliy of l'liil.-iihliiln;i. riiihuleliihia & Ijiverpool
Line. The only 'I'rans-Atlantic line s^ailing under the Amerl-
<-ai» Pla^. Sailiiiir every Thursday from Philadelphia, and
\Veduetiday from Liverpool.

The Red Star Line,

Currying the Beltrian and United states Mails. Sailing every
twfivedaj-s, alternately fiom Philadelphia and New York.
Direet aud only

TO ANTWERP.

The American and Ked Star Line? being under one manage-
ment, Excurpioii tickets are good to return by either, thus .'sav-
iug the expense and annoyance of re-crossing the Channel.

For rates of passa^'e and ixi-neral infornnitiun apply to
apltf ri.TKlt WIlTlilir A soys. rhUa, dru'lAf/ts.

Architects' and Builders' Pocket Companion

AND PRICE BOOK.

By FKANK \V. VOUDES, Architect.
Consisting of a short but comprehensive epitome of Decimals,
Duodecimals, Geometry and .Mensuration, with tables of U. 8.
Measures, strengths, etc. of iron, wood, stone aud various other
materials, quantities of materials in given sizes and dimensions
of wood, brick and stone, and a full and complete hill of prices
for carpenter vnrk. Also, rules for romiiuling and valuing
brick and brick-work, stone-work, paintini:, jdastering, <fcc. 284
pages, 16mo., cloth, price $1.50. Tuck, $2.00. Sent, by mail, post-
a'^e free, on receipt of price. Address CHAS. H. MAROT,
814 Chestnut St., Philad'a.

kk

CRECC RASPBERRY.'

The largest, best, most productive, aud best shipping Black
Raspberries ever introduced ; berries averaging from 2 to 2y,
ini'hrs arotirid. For descriptive catalogue, testimonials, and
priiT li<t- M-ii(l to N. OHMER, Dayton, O. sept-l.

dveKtisSL

The iar<:rbt, spici

ACTIVE

iCENTS

IRS wanrini; good Agents should

in the PIIILA. AUENTS' HEHALD.

i| best re|)reseiifative paper of its kind.

VEN CMPLOYMEWT

E

VERYWHERE

oods, Chromos,
ES, Engravings,

_ ^OOD

S,:llii i: p.H.ds. 'Kli.v.'liirs, p.-iteijts. raney (-i
inple \Jlane-s, Motions, I ictures,! KAM E
M'uhinery, Qub>cripiion Books, Magazines, Papers, Stat'ry,
edicines, Oi>ecialt!es, Jewelry, Toys, New Inventions, and
lOCO different arti.des being advertised in the AGENTS'
HERALD. Answer no other advertisement, invest no money
in ^trents' Goods, unlit von have sent for a copy and seen the

MANY HARDTIMESOFFERS

ofov^r mo responsible advertisers in th(' Herald wanting Al'ciiIs.
Scores of rareoffi-rpto I'.eirinners and others out of eniploynient.
gygfJY A WAKE ehould at once place himself indirect
WIDE A%CENT communication with all firms every-
where who want Agi-iits, liy sending his permament address for
insertion in the oniv Aleuts' Directory published in tlie World,

PORTRAITS, &c., drawn by Macliineiy, learned iu 5 min-
utes from instructions sent. SMITllOGRAPH reduced
to only 25 CENTS, or with Paints, Crayons, Pencils,
Blenders, Copies. &c., complete, only $1.25. Extra tine,
lare(! pear wood Instruments, beautifully polished, with
brass wheel reversible point and pencil holders only $2. .50.
AGENTS WANTED. Circulars, terms, &c,, and a beautiful
10x14 Engravimr of the Smithograph, with sample card aud
full particulars of the Agents' Directory, and a copy of the
j^frfs Herald, all for green stamp. (.Vo Postal Canh noticed).

C LUiWl SIVIITH,7l7Sansom St.,Phila., Pa.

Guaranteed the Ihii'St Bulbs in the niurkil.
J>0 UBLli, $ IS pn- lOOO, J'JiAItL, $iiS i>* r UiOO.

Heady for shipment by the b'ith of Octotier.

auir.tf.

STRAWBEEEIES

F. CiOKBKT.S, MemphiM, T«-ni».

fi inches, largi-st, best, most

Hardy and Productive.
I'lani this Fail and s.ivi' a yeai'. i;reMl American, .Monarch, Es-
sex, Cumberland Triumph, SH.\RPI,KSS, very large, new,
firm, tiweet, excellent, hardy and inoductive. Should be in
every collection. Crescent," Pioneer, Cap, .lack, and others.
Julys, Send for Catalogue. WM. PARRY, CinnaminsoD,N,.I.

NURSERYMAN'S

DIRECTORY

or 1877-78.

A reference book of the Nurserymen, Florists, Seedsmen, Tree
Dealers, itc, for the United Stati'S, Alphah<-tically arranged by
States and Post Oftices. 310 pages, 8vo, Price $10.00. Mailed
post-paid, on receipt of price.

Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

-A. G-rLEJESKTHOXTSDEJ

Property for sale. One .-Vme ot Land aixl New Dwelling, built
last Fali, two-story, frame, with good cellar and goorl well and
cistern, iu the centre of the town of 'I owanda, with a popula-
tion of 5,000, and on three railroads. Valuable Greenhouse,
GO ft. by 20 ft., with irood boiler and pipes, all in good running
order. A good trade of live years' standing. The whole prop-
(!rty will be sold together, or the Greenhouse and part of the
lot separately, to suit purchasers. For further particulars ad-
dress or call upon the proprietor. JAS. J. KAVAKAGH,
To^-anda, Bradford ^o., Pa., aag.2.

Tobacco Stems,

For Fumigating purposes, for sale in bales of about 400
lbs., free on boat or care at $5 per bale, or three bale.s for $12
on one order.

STRAITON & STORM,
17 S a;- ISO rearl street,

augl2 New York City.

NURSERY

STOCK.

THK LARGEST AlVD FIJVEST STOCK OF PEARS,

PL.VMS ANO CHERRIES IS

THIS COU TKV.

Also, Standard Apples, Grapes, Roses arrti all varieties of
Nursery Stock of the finest qualit at prices that will make it
an object for every Nurseryman and Dealer to correspond with
us or call before ))nrehasiiig.

SMITH & POWELL,

sop2 SYRA€rSE,^\^ \^

FOREST ROSE STRAWBERRY PUNTS

By and for the millions

Ready now from the orii;iijal plantation. P<'r doz. f 1.00 ; 100»
$3.00; 1.000, $'J5.00; 5,OO0, flOD; Kt.O'Ml. S1T5. Also, Gregg
Raspberries, Send for I'rice List for Fruit, and Ornamental
Trees, Small Fruit, i&c, LEO AVEL.TZ, \ViImlnstoii, O.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

[ESST^^IBX-iISHEID 1844.]

HITCHINGS & CO.,

No. 233 Mercer Street,

Between Bleecker and West 3(1 Streets,

NEW YORK.

OfTer their very iJairge Stock of

)DLE

€

At prices lower than at any time
within the past thirty years.

Patent Corrugated Fire Box Boilers, =1)^

Conical Boilers,

Saddle Boilers and
Base Burning Water Heaters;

Heating Pipes and Pipe Fittings

OF EVERY DESCBIPTION AND SIZE,

S ASH-LIFTIN Q APPARATUS

OF MOST APPROVED FORMS.

Send 6 cents postage for Catalogue, References
and List of Prices.

qS CtlQ

y/.wpioy-dn

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTLSER.

lYI. lYI. BAYERSDORFER $c CO.,

56 North Fourth Street,

PHILADELPHIA, PA.

We l.osr to rail tlie attention of the WHOLESALE and RETAIL TRADE in
FLORISTS' GOODS to our well assorted stock for the Fall season:

BOQUET PAPER (Italiens,)

iMain White Edges, Gold and Silver Edges, Pasted Cartoons, White Satin for Bridal
]k)(|iiets. Fancy Lace Papers for Weddini^s, Receptions and Parties.

IMMORTELLES,

(Original bunches, selected by one of our firm.) White
and all culors.

DRIED GRASSES AND FLOWERS,

111 :zi<:it varieties and styles; very suitable lor ornamental purposes.

BASKETS,

Hroun vaniislicd Willow Baskets, Wheat Straw and White Gilt Baskets,

ORNAMENTAL GRASS BOQUETS,
FRENCH GREEN MOSSES,

TIN FOIL, Best in Market,

WIRE DESIGNS for CUT FLOWERS.

Prize Medal of Cincinnati Industrial Exposition of 1ST3 ; Medal and Diploma of International
Exposition of 1877, '■^For beat di»play of Doqivet Papers.''^

Send orders early in Fall. Illustrated Catalogne furnished gratis on application. t.aug.tf

GREENHOUSES, GRAPERIES, Etc.

Their Construction a Specialty. Experience of 20 Years.

SHIPPED TO ALL PARTS OF THE COUNTRY. [l^^ send for catalogue. Address,

jnnetf

LORD'S HORTICULTURAL WORKS,

Irvington-on-Hudson, New York.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

LIBONIA PENRHOSIENSIS.

A new Winter-blooming plant, far surpassing L. Florabunda in profusion and continuation of flowers. Scarlet, tipped
■with orange; beautiful foliage; easy of culture, and adapted to tlie plant-room or green-house. Every Florist and Plant
"Grower will find it a favorite. It should be planted in the ground in May, grown same as a Carnation, and lifted in the Pall.
Price, large-plants, grown in the ground all Summer, 50 centS each, $3.00 per dOZ., S20.00 per hundred.

Anthericum Vitatum Variegatum,

Lat'ge Plants $1.00 each, $10,00 i)er do^en.

Two-year old plants, $2.00 per doz,, $15.00 per hund. Three-yearold,$3.00perdoz., $20.00 per hund.

NEW COLEUS OF LAST SPRING,

Albion, Eldorado, Musaica, Picks, Multicolor Splendens, - - SI. 50 per dozen,
CARNATIONS, TV/ELYE VARIETIES,

$2.00 per dozen. $ 10.00 per hundred.

GERANIUM, BISHOP WOOD AND JENNIE REID,

25 cents each. $2.50 per dozen.

_A.lso a fine collection of Geraniums, including many of the new varieties of last Spring, at $1.50 per doz., $10.00 per hundred

NEW WHITE HYDRANCA, THOMAS HOGG,

•45 cents encli. $:i.06 per doz. $15.00 per Iiiiii<lrecl.

Catalogue mailed to all on application.

WM. K. HARRIS, Kingsessing Nurseries,

■fgbi2. ''i/iOl Dai'hy lioail, JPhiladelphia,

' ^31. ex:, nsr I n^s^ nvc o,

{Tj(Uc of flip J-^inn of Niiinno ^ii■ Sfolhii/,)

PATENT IMPROVED HOT WATER BOILERS.

For Heating Creen-Houses, Graperies, Conserva-
tories, Forcing Pits, Water for Baths, Drying
Rooms, Public and Private Buildings, Sec.

All the Necessary Fittings for Hot Water Heating Apparatus.

VENTILATION APPARATUS OF ALL KINDS.

PRIZE MEDAL AND DIPLOMA AWARDED

THIS BOILER AT THE CENTENNIAL

EXHIBITION.

ZW Please send for Circular for explanation, etc., before you make up
your mind to purchase elsewhere.

«ep 12 1204 Degraw Street, near Nostrand Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.

NEW COLEUS, "

MULTICOLOR AND PICHTUS,

By the quantity in lots to suit,

FIFTEEN DOLLARS FEB HUJSDBEn,

EDMUND M. WOOD & CO.,

*j,t.te. 5G Broad Street, Boston, Mass.

77//-; ifORTicrrruRAL advertiser.

-H — ^'x »' *

Rear of 428 Walnut Street, Philadelphia^

A NEW EARLY PEACH

U <■ h.iv.- Ill,- (iliasiin- III i.ll.llii^,' ihin Kiill, a Icsv llci ^ ol llu'
rcmarkiihlc ucw I't-acli \\atkkum», wliieb huM fruilid two
yearH. ami proved to he larper^xuX earlier Wum Al.-x.md.;r or | M„„„ta(tmv of I'l.A 1 N ,m.l KAN( V \M WK-WOKK, lor KLO-
Anu-den. Cmular8 givm^ full d.sonpt.on seut oil applica- j utsTS ; Wn-athH CnrnKi-H, (SiaiH. Crowns. Hearth Anchors,
■»'*"'■'■"''"''■'''■'""■">'■'"■ Address^ HirdN I,iimliH.(;ipsyUa.-kft.s, Hanging BankotN, Flower Stands,.
Ac, liitc.-'f designs.

tion, I'rice f'2 per tree". JJi'^Si

Ellwanger fii Barry, Rochester, N. Y.

Baui

Farm for Sale,

Near Worcester, Mass.

In nil the harKiiin;' offered l)v Western railrouds did yon ever
pee an.vthinf: eqnnl to this? iflS.38 an aere and the bnildings
thrown in (the teuces on the farm cost more than this), (if) acres
IX miles from depot; fine wood lot, 60(» cords; now keeps 3
cows, can easily he made to keep si.x ; mowed hv machine; fiO
choice frnit trees ; bordered by trout brook. Cot'tage, « rooms,
painted and papered. Barn 3fix3G, wagon house, etc., only
$10(10, part ca*h, balance $r)(i a year. The wood when marketed
win pay for the farm. Kememher this is not a highly colored
description, but was taken from the owner right on the farm.
This, with hundreds of better farms, fully described in our
list, post paid to any address.

GEO. H. CHAPIN,

Herald BuUdiuf/, Boston.

junee

.SKND FOR PRICE LIST.

t-feb-tt

PRESERVING, PICKLING AND CANNING FRL'IT.

By Mrs. M. E. Peterson.
Containing a choice collection of receipts of Preserving,
Pickling, and Canning Fruits, mauv of them being original from
housewives of experience. 72 jiages, Kimn, Cloth. Price 50
cents. Sent by mail, post-paid, on receipt of price.
Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

SU Chestnut St., Phila.

MANUAL OP SMALL FRUIT CULTURE,

BY E. P. KOE,

("The chapter on picking and marketing is eminently practi-
cal and sensible."— J 7n€r!cnn AgricuUurint.)

How to raise and market Strawberries, Raspberries, Currants,
Gooseberries, Blackberries, Ac. 82 pages, S vo., paper, price
60 cents, ilailed post-paid on receipt of price. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT, SI4 Chestnut St.. Phila.

nr FASHIONABLE CARDS no two alike, with
y n name, lOc. 2(J Scroll, with name, 10c.,post paid. Agent's
LU outfit lOc. ' .1- p s

novl2 GEO. I. REED & CO., Nassua, N. Y.

"WALTER ELDER,

ZAjyjDSCABJS Ay J) .lOJilUSG GAltDENEJt,

1231 Hodman Street, Philadelphia,
Attends t» all branches of his business on reasonable terms.

FERIS, NATIVE AND EMIC,

A SPECIALITY.

GARDENER TO

J. WARREN MERRILL,

Hancock Street , Canibridijeport, Mass.,

offers for Sale or Exchange the Largest Stock and Variety of
Ferns, both American and Foreign, to be found in the country.

Catalogue sent on application to any who desire te purchase.

Small plants can be sent safely by mail. apr5

J. B. HICKMAIV,

Collector of Bolhs and Seeds of California Wild Flowers, San.
Juan, San Benito Co., Cal. tmay6

Orclxlci GrroTT^T-or'ei 1VXo.xx-i;i.a.1

liY BEN.I. F. WILLIAMS, P. U. II. S.

Containing descriptions of 930 Species and Varieties of
Orcliidiiceoiiii Plants with notices of times of flowering^
approved modes of treatment and practical Instructions on
gemtral culture. Remarks on heat, moisture, soil, seasona-
of growth and rest suited to the P(;veral species.

FIFTH EDITION ENLARGED WITH COLORED FRONTISPICE
and numerous beaiililul illii^-iralioii,-, ;{;{0 Pii^i-w VA mo.
Cloth. Price $3.50. Sent by mail, po.-tage, free on receipt

of iirice.

4th edition of the above work also on hand, 300 pages 12 mo.
cloth, illustrated. Price $2.50. Sent by mail, postage free, ooi
receipt of price. Address

CHAS. H. MAKOT,
814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

FRUIT AND BREAD.

\ Xatiiral and Scieutifli' Diet.

BY aUSTAV SCHLICKEYSEN.

Translated from the German by M. L. Holbrook. M. D. In-
tended to show what is the natural food of man ; to lead him to
become a living cliild of nature ; to simplify and beautify hia
manner of living; to eninucipate women from the drudgery of
tlu' kitchen ; to lead to increased use of fruit ; to dimish the use
of tlesli, au<l where possible, to do away with its use altogether;
to improve the liealth and add to the enjoyments and vilue of
life. Cloth, 2.'■)(lpag^s; I'imo. illustrated. Price, $1. Sent by
mail post-paid on receipt ofjprice. Address,

CHAS. H. nrAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

The Farmer's Account Book

A Complete System of rtooJt-Keepin^ for Karnitrs,,
Planters and (wai-fleiters,

BY A. L. CAMI'FIELD.

Every one should keep a strict account of all business trans-
actions, and thereby save much trouble that comes of neglect.
This is a plain, practical system of book-keeping, easily under-
stood, and especially adapted to the wants of the Fanner..
Full instructions in each book. Can be carried in an ordinary
pocket; 180 pages, bound in sheep skin. Price 75 cents. Mailed
postage free on receipt of price. Address

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

PEAR CULTURE FOR PROFIT.

BY P. T. QUINN.

A practical Horticulturist and author of "Money in the Garden."
Containing practical method of raising Pears intelligently and
with best results; character of soil, best mode of preparing it j
iiest varieties to select under existing conditions ; best mode of
planting, pruning, fertilizing, grafting, and utilizing the ground
before the trees come into bearing, and finally gathering and
packing for market. Illustrated with practical cuts on prunning
and grafting, distance taJde and orchard record. 136 pages, 12.
mo. cloth. Price $1. Sent by mail, post-paid on receipt of
price. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

LONDON GARDENER'S CHRONICLE

Will be liirnished, i)ost-paid, direct to subscribers in the U. S.
for $7.50 per year. Apply to

novtf CHAS. H. MAROT, Agent, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

HEARIIVG RESTORED. Great invention by one^ho
was deaf for 2f» years. Send stamp for particulars. Vebrx-
& U.ABPER, Lock Bos: 80, Madison, Ind. aug.2i.

THE HORTICULRAL ADVERTISER.

MAR^HATT 30 greenhouses.

100.000 FEET OF GLASS

TO TIEiE TI^^^IDE

AL?0,

This fine, NEW AMERICA^; PEAR, originated iu Wash-
ingtoH Co.. N. Y., and is now (ISTS) being propaL'ated and for
sale by P. H. Foster, at the BABYLON NURSERY'. The tree, |V|y Price List Of Plants is uow ready, and will be
is moderately vigorous; very productive ; fruit rather large ; forwarded tree on application,
bell shaped; greenish rnssett; becomes yellow when ripe;
thin skin ; flesh white; juicy, buttery; flavor neither sweet nor|
sour; ten days after the Bartlett; as good a bearer and better
fruit ; smooth; does not crack nor canker; is always much
admired when growing and when ripe. For fui-ther details,
refer t» the Gardener's Monthly, Nov., 1877, page 336.

Thos. Meehaii, E?f|., says of it : " We can say that few Pears
excel it in flavor, and regard it as a very vahiable acquisition."

75c. each. $6.00 per doz.

P. H, FOSTER,

t:aug.3 IJnbylon, N. Y.

John Dick's Patent Boiler.

SUBTROPICAL GARDEN;

Or, Jieaiity of Form in the Flower Garden.
By W. Robinson, F.L.S.
Beautifully Illustrated. 241 pages, l'2mo, cloth. Price, $2.75.
Mailed, postage free on receipt of price ,,.^.,t. Economy, Simplicity and Burabilitt. The Prize Medal

Adcliess, LUAb. H. WAKUi , 'f the CENTENNIAL Commission was awarded for this Boiler.

bl4 Chestnut ht., Phila igend to ns for TestimoriiaU from those who use it.

ART OF GRAFTING AND BUDDING,

By Charles Baltet.

Appropriately and fully Illustrated by cuts, showing meth-
ods, tools, and appliances. 230 pages, 12mo, cloth. Price,
$2.00. Mailed, postage free, on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT.

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

JOHN DICK, Florist,

53d and Darby lioad, Phila,

ROSE GARDEN.

By Wm. Paul, F. R. H. S.
Embracing History of the Rose ; formation of Rosarium ; de-
tailed account of practice for successful caltivation ; arrange-
ment in natural groups of most esteemed varieties, English and
Foreign, in the most eminent Gardens; with full descj-iption
and remarks on origin and mode of culture. Namerous illus-
itrations 328 pages. Royal 8vo, cloth. Price of plain edition.
By F. R. Elliott, author of "Western Fruit Growers ;Sri. 00. Price of colored plate edition, fine cloth, heavy paper.

Fruit Growers' Sand- Booh.

Guide," (one of the best posted men on the subject in tlie
United States). Contains the practice ou all subjects connec-
ted with fruit growing. The book is made for those who grow
fruit for their own use. Also an Appendix, containing matter
relating to the eelectjon and culture of Ornamental Trees,
Roses, Plants, &c. Illustrated with 45 wood-cuts, IKO pages,
16mo cloth, II ; paper, 60 cts. Sent by mail postpaid on re-
ceipt of price. Address

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

THE VEGETABLE GARDEN.

BY JAMES HOGG.

$5.50. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT.
814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

HOW PLANTS GROW.

Sy Asa Gray, M. D.

A simple Introduction to Structural Botany, with a Popular
Flora, or an arrangement and description of Common Plants,
both wild and cultivated. Illustrated with 500 wood engravings.
233 pages, large 16mo, half-arabesque, paper sides. Price $1.25.
Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

A complete guide to the cultivation of Vegetables, contain-
ing thorough instructions for Sowing, Planting and Cultiva- |jj^||r^[ qJ gQj^j^y (jf {[|g )jQp|[|gJ.J| [J||||gj gl^jg^^

ting all kinds of Vegetables; with plain directions for prepa
Ing, manuring and tilling the soil to suit each plant ; includiug
also a summary of the work to be done in a vegetable garden
during eacli month of the year. 137 pages, 16mo., cloth. II

histrated.
of price.

By Asa Gray.

Including the district east of the Mississippi and north of Carolina
and Tennessee. Arranged according to the Natural System. Illus-

i^Xi^Lf' cents; sent by mail, postpaid, on receipt Ifrated with 20 plates of Sedges, Grasses, Ferns, &c. 703 pages,

8vo, half-arabesque cloth sides. Price, $2.2$. Sent by mail post-
paid on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

AMERICAN FRUIT CULTURIST.

BY JOHN J. THOMAS.

Practical directions for the Cultivation of Fruit Trees in the

NURSERY. ORCHARD AND GARDEN,

Descriptions of the principal American and Foreign varieties
Plain Edition, 480 engravings, 511 pages, 12 mo. Price, 83.00,
Mailed post-paid on receipt of price.

i05~Kxtra Edition, 576 pages, heavy paper, fine cloth, 508

illustrations and chromo frontispiece; mailed, fur 83.75.^^9

Address CHAS. H. MAHOT, 814Chestnu. St.. Phil^

BTJLBS.

GARDNERS' DICTIONARY.

By Geo. W. Johnson, Editor of " Cottage Gardner."
Describing the Plants, Fruits and Vegetaliles desirable for
the Gardcn.and explaining the terms and operations employed
in their cultivation. New Edition, with a supplement, including
the new plants and varieties. 91C pages, l'2nio, cloth, fine print.
Price. S3.00. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT.

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

WORKING MAN'S WAY TO WEALTH.

By Edward Spraguk Rand, Jr. By EDMUND WrigLEY.

A treatise on Hardy and Tender Bulbs and Tubers. 357 pages, ' A. 'pr:\<:t\ca\ trca.t\s<i on Building Associations, 7vhat they are, and
lamo, cloth. Price, ^1.50. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt he2vt(^ use i/tern. 108 pages, i6mo, cloth. Price, 75 cents. Sent
cf price. I by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. 814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

8

THE HORTICULTURAL .1 DJ'ERT/SER.

SOUTHERN ENTERPRISE

For tlic Dcvoliipiiiriit of iiiir MatiTinl Ui>soin>r^. .Ic-vot.-a to
Inuiiiirrntioi), Soiitlniii I'ro^jnws, Naliotml I'lor-p. iil> , lla|i|>y
Kiiral l.ilf tlirouj,'!! l'riK'ti<'iil HorlKiillure, KlevHlfil AKrliuil-
turc \tlii' t'oniuT l)cln^' Hk- crudlo of the liiticr), Uivcrsiflcil
In(iii;-tri<'3, lie, i?>

PUBLISHED AT ATLANTA, GA., FOR $1 PEE ANNUM.

y. ■]'. .)e.nkin.-<. Kditoi and I'lopriLMor ; J. 8. New.man, Asr<o-
ciate Editor. Iteceivt — iiiipart ; know — be knowu. Everything
shall lie sacritlcod to reliuliility. feb 12_

PRACTICAL HINTS

On the Selection ;inil um- oi tlir

MICROSCOPE,

Intended lor he^lnner.-*, hy John I'liiN.
Editor of the Am. Journal of Mleroscopy. Enlarscd edition.
Profusely illustrated; 181 pp., Tiino., cloth; price, 75 cts.
Mailed post-paid on receipt of price. Address,

CHAS. H. MA HOT, SU Chestnut St., Phila.

SECOND HAND BOOKS.

By Mail on Kereipt of Frir....

Speak Quickly if You Want Them.

li^'Say in your order "Secoud-haud Li.-rt.'"_aj
Allen's Domestic Animals
Anderson's Agricultural Cheraistrv
Beet Culture and Hcet Su<rar, by Childs .
Beck's New Hook of Flow ers,

Boyd's Philadel|)liia Business Directory (1877-T8) .
Buist's Family Kitchen Gardener
Christy's Chemistry of Agriculture
Chorltou'8 Grape Growers' Guide, 1 copy at

Copeland's Country Life

Cobbett's American Ganleuer

Dana's M\ick Manual ....

Donaldson'.s Manures, Grass and farming ,

Dowuing's Rural Essays

" Fruits and Fruit Trees of America, 1 copy at

" " " " 1 copy at

" " " " 1 copy at

" Landscape Gardening and Rural Architecture,

" Cottage llesidi'iices

Downiug's Cottage Residences (8vo.)
Fowler's Homes for All

Field's Pear Culture ....
French's P^arm Drainage
Friends' Intellieencer, 12 bound vols.
Fuller's Small Fruit Culturisi

" Grape Culturist ....
Guernou on Milch Cows
Henderson's Gardening for Profit

" Practical Floriculture

Horticulturist, y. Tky., (good as new) 3 vols., ISS.^i, 1856,

and 1857, $2..50 each

Hovey's Magazine, 17 vols, octavo

Johnson's Agricultural Chemistry

Langstroth on the Honey Bee

Loudon's Encyclopii'dia of Agriculttire, X Tky.

" " Gardening. "

" " Cottage Architecture, % Tky., 7 SO

Liobeg's Farmers' Chemistry, 1394 pages, 8 vo. ." 3 50

Leibeg's Familiar Letters on Chemistry , . 1 00

Marazathy's Grape Culture and Wine Making . 4 oO

Mead's " " " .3 00

McMahon's American Gardener . . 1 25

Mc.ntosh's Orchard, with colored plates, . . 3 00

" Greenhouse with colored plates, . 3 00

Munn's Practical Land Drainer ... .50

Neill's Fruit, Flower and Vegetable Gardener's Companion 1 00

Norton's Scientific Agriculture . . . ] 00

New Americen Orcliardist . . . 1 00

Planters' Guide . . . . 1 60

Quinby's Bee Keeping . . . . 1 25

Keemelin's Vine-dresser's Manual, . . 75

Saunder's Domestic Poultry ... 75

Smee on the Potato Plant ... 75

Tobacco and its Culture, Billings, . . 2 25

Ten Acres Enough . . . . 1 00

Todd's How to Make Farming Pay . . 2 00

Wood's Class-book of Botany . . . 2 50

" " " for Schools, . 1 00

" Object Lessons in Botany . . 1 25

" " " . . . 2 00

Woodward's Rural Art ... 75

" Graperies . . . . 1 00

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, SU Chestnut St., Phila.

I 00

1 oc

75

1.50

75

75

75

60

75

2 50

1 00

1 00

2 00

1 50

3 00

5 00

1 25

3 00

2 00

1 50

75

1 00

1 00

30 eo

] 00

1 00

75

1 00

1 00

7 50

10 01)

2 00

1 25

T 50

7 50

rouNbEO^ Jl-^/T^ 1840

The l,iirK<-st iintl iiioHt < oiiipIrK- Slock of Fruit
und Oriiiiiiieiiliil 'I'rei-M in llie I'. S. I'riecil
I'uliiloKiM-N HCiil art lollowNi No. ], Fruils, with
colored plate (new eillMoi]), 15 cts.: pulu, 10 cts.
Kg. !i, Omumentul Tries, etc, wit li plate. '2,5 ds. ;
plain. I, 3 CIS. No. ;j, (ir cnlum e ; No. 4; Wliolexulo,
and No. 5) Cat ilo.'ui- oi lio.-res. I'rec. Addreua—

ELLWANGER&BAIRY. Roche*., n.y.'

11

FOR FALL PLANTING, IN POTS OR OUT.

Pkice List t^cnt lier.

aug.tf JOHN S. COLLINS, Mooresiown, N.J.

PEAOTIOAL LANDSCAPE

GARDENING.

BY F. a. ?;li,iott
Designed for City and Suburban Residences, and Country
School-Houses ; containing designs for lots and grounds, from a
lot 30 by 100, to a forty-acrt; plot. Each plan is drawn to scale,
with schedule to each, showing where each tree, shrub, &c.,
should be planted ; condensed instructions for forming and car-
ingforlawns; building of roads ; turfing, jirotection, pruning
and care of trees ; making cuttings, evergret;ns, hedges, screens,
&c. Condensed descriptions of all the leading trees and shrubs;
soil and position in which tlii'y should be grown. Illu-strafionsof
ground plans, elevations, trees, shrubs, winter gardening, &c.
yt) pp., S vo. cloth. Price $1.50. Sent l)y mail ou receipt of
price. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Philadelphia.

The Gardener's Monthly.

THE l-'OLL()\V]N(;

BACK NUMBEES

WANTED, IX

C3-OOID COlSriDITIOlsr.

.tiif/ust, ISGU. .Tituuary, 1873. March. JS7S.
Si'i'itembt'.r, " JifcenilK'v, " .Janiiafif, 1S76.

(tftohi-f. •' Jnnu<ivfi, 1874. .ratiiiary, 1877.

\or<'>nhfr, " Fehriinnj, " I'^ehfiiary, "

Orcemhft; " August, " March, "

,fat)iiarij, 1S70. ,Tananrij, 1875. Aiif/nst, "

Jiilij, " i'cbruury, " I'fbruary, 1878.

.Jatuiary, 187'-i,

Receivable in exchauge on Subscription account, or exchang-
able for other numbers not in above list. Sitnd numbers pre-
paid by mail, and advise the jjublisher. Addr'-ss,

CHAS. H. MAROT,

814; Chfstnut St., Plilla.

Art of Propagation.

A Hand-book for Nurserymen, Florists, (iardeners, and
Everybody, 32 pages octavo, paper, illustrated with 25
cuts, price 50"cls. Mailed, postage free, on receipt of price.
Address

CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila._

BOOK OF EVERGREENS.

By Josiah lloopes.

A practical treatise ou the Conil'erre or Cone-bearing plants.
Handsomely illustrated. 4:;5 pages, l"2mo, cloth. Price {^3.00-
Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

INT XJ r^ S E3 R. Y^O -A.

V^ Send for Circular and conditions of insertion under this headina

;EDWIN ALLEN, ^ ^ . , .v ^

^iiirsjerviuan, New Bninswiclt, N. J.

FARLEY, ANDERSON it CO.,

JNurserymLii, Union springs, N. Y.

P. H. FOSTER, ^ ,

Nurseryniaii, Babylon, L. I., N. \ .

GIBSON h BENNETT, Nursery and

trim Cxrowers, Woodbury, N. J.

THOMAS MEEHAN, ^ ^

Nursrry&'l'ree Seeds, Germant'n, Phil.

PETER HENDERSON L CO., Wholesale
Seedsmen and Florists, New York City.

SAMUEL HAPE&, CO.,.,, ^

ISurseryiuen, Hapeville, Ga.

ATHANCEXSON, Nurserymen & Florists,
Red Bank, New Jersey.

F. R. PIERSON, Florist and Strawberry
Gr»wtT, I'arrytown, N. Y.

RICHARDSON k NICHOLAS,

Xiirairyuien, Geneva, N. Y.

AUGUSfROLKER & SONS,

Bull) Dealers, N. Y. City.

C. VAUGHAN, Importer and

Dealer in Bulbs, Chicago, 111.

AND

FREE HOMES.

HOW TO GET THEM in the best part of the state. 6,000,000
acres lor .s[ile. For a copv of the "Kitniins Pacific Home-
steady" address S. J. Gilmore, Laod Com'r. Saliua, Kansai.

CALLA LILY ROOTS.

The undersigned offer to the trade upwards of 50U0 clioice
Calla Roots, well cured for immediate transportation.

per doz. per 100 per 1000
CaXla JEthinpirn, e.'ttra lar?e roots, - $2.00 $12.50 $90.00
Calla JEthinpicn nana, (V>y^a.v^CA\\n), 2.00 12.50 90.00
" " good flowering Roots

of either variety, - - - - 1.50 8.00

Small Bulblets $1.50 per 100

Good flowering Bulbs, by mail, postage prepaid $2.50 per doz.
E'or further particulars, address,

HENRY MICHEL k CO., Florists and Seedsmen,
aug.3. 107 JV. 5th St., St. liouis, Mo.

HOW TO LAY OUT A GARDEN.

By Edward Kenip.

A general guide in Choosing, Forming and Improving an Es-
tate (from a quarter-acre to a hundr d acres in exteut i, with
reference to both design and execution. Illustrated with nu-
merous plans, sections and slcetches. 403 pages, 12mo, cloth.
Price S2.30. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of pri(e.
Address- CHAS. H. M.-VROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

LAWN AND SHADE TREES.

By F. R. Elliott.

Deciduous and Evergreen Trees and Shrubs, for planting in
Parks, Gardens, Cemeteries, &c., &c. Illustrated. 125 pages,
izmo, cloth. Price, ;g 1. 50. Sent by mail, post-paid, on receipt of
price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

ORNAMENTAL TREES.

By Thomas Meehan.

An American Hand-Book, containing the personal obserya-
tions of the author. 257 pages, 24mo, cloth. Price 75 cts. Sent
by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

CLASS BOOK OF BOTANY.

By Alphonso Wood, A. M.
Being outlines of the Structure, Physiology and Classification of
Plants ; with a Flora of the United States and Canada. 832 pages,
8vo, half-arabesque cloth sides. Price, I3.50. Scut by mail post-
paid on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

APPL.E, "CHERRY," PKACM, AJMU VYXS^

LARGE MAPLES, "KVERGKEENS," Etc.

At low rates. Catalogues sent free.
Address Geo. Aoublis, West Chester, Chester Co., Pa,

BOWEES EARLY PEACH.

This new Peach has fruited for the last three years, ripening
in 1876, on July 4th ; in 1877, on July 10th ; and this season on
June 26th. It is a freestone of large size, some specimens
mea.suring over nine inches in circumference, flesh light with
a beautifully colored red cheek and of excellent quality. In
offering it for the first time to Nurserymen and Fruit Growers
we believe we are adding the most valuable contribution to the
list of early varieties that has yet been produced. We can
furnish treex and buds at the following prices : Trees $1.00
each, $10.00 per dozen ; buds $2.00 per 100 by mail, prepaid.
MORRIS & MILLER, Nurserymen,

aug.3. Frederick City, Md.

^EW stiuwberryT

QHARPI FQ^ *^^ largest, best flavored and most pro-
OriMnrLLOOj ductlve berry ever produced. Berry
raised with ordinary culture from plant, set in September, Vi^
inches in circumference ; weight 2j<; ounces. And on the same
stem four others from the size of a hickory nut to that of a
walnut. See sworn statement and recomendations in my cir-
cular. Free to all, sending their name and address on postal
card. Address, J. L. DILLON, Bloomsburg, Pa.

^FRUIT AND
ORNAMENTAL

LARGE STOCK.

LOW RATES.

STAiNOARD PEAR TREES A SPECIALTY.

Send stamp for Trade List. Agents Wanted.
E. MOODY & SONS, LocKPORT, N. Y.
Niagara Nurseries. Established 1839.

A. F. CHATFIELD,

IMPORTER AND GROWER OF

EAST INDIAN

PRICES ON APPLICATION.

Albany, N. Y., March 1, 1S78.

mchtf

SMALL FRUIT CULTURIST.

BY ANDREW S. FULLER.

Giving Description, History, Cultivation, Propagation, Dis-
eases, &c.

Beautifully Illustrated.

276 pages, 12mo, cloth. Price $1.50. Sent by mail, post-paid
on receipt of price. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT. 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

INSECTIVOROUS PLANTS.

By Clias. Darwin.

With copious descriptive contents aud index. Illustrated.
462 i)as;es, i2mo, cloth. Price$7.00.
Sent" by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St.. Phila.

10

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

CRAPE VINES.

Also GRAPE WOOD and CUTTINGS. LARGEST STOCK IN AMERICA.

All Icndintr varictit-s in liirgf supply. Kxlra qniility. True to iinnin. Special mlch I<> A^'i nio. 1i.h1.-ik and NiirHfrymt^ij. Our
liptof riistoni«l-!< now cm'iracos nearly all the Icaditii; nurworvmcn in the roimti-v. to whom w.; would i-fi-r \\\um: not aciiiiiiinlcd
with our "toi-k. D<srilpltv<- (afalnu^iu- niul PrUe TAnt Free. T. .S. ilUltlt AKI), Ki«'«l<iiilii, X. V. atii' 10.

STANDARD PEARS A SPECIALTY.

We offer the lar<re.«t and best stock of

Tn the coiintrv. Al^o a full Mssorlnienl of KXTKA \SVi
FIRST-CLASS M-RSERV STOCK. I'rie.!^ low. Ad-
dress,

RICHARDSON & NICHOLAS,

FROM TREES PROVED IN BEARING,

in our pxfensivo orchards". K. .r. ltI.,ACIv, BKKMEN,
FAIRFIELD CO., OHIO, spends Buds, put up carefully
to carry safely by mail. A very large collection of FRUITS,
old, aud new. and rare varieties. Catnloiriies srratis. aug.2.

ARITHPflETIC MADE EASY.

ROPP'S EASY CALCULATOR

Is a new publication that must prove of incalculable bcnelU to
Farmers, Mechanics and Business men. It is so rajfUl ■Am\iiririi-
nul as to startle the most scholarly, and yet .so .sn/i/z/c aud ///•(«•-
Ural that the most illiterate in figures" can in.-itanta/icouslu
become his own accountant. It enablnes thousands to acco'ni-
phah in a minute what they could not learn to calculate in many
mouths. "^

The first part containing an entirely -new system of Tables,
which shows at a (jlance the e.xact values of all kinds of Grain,
Stock, Hay, Coal, Lumber, Merchandise, etc., from on.e pound
np to a ear load, and for any price which the market is likely to
reach ; the Interest on any sum for any time at 6, T, 8 aud 10 per
cent. ; correct measurement of all kinds of Lumber, Saw Loo-s,
Cisterns. Tanks, Granaries, Bins, Wagon Beds, Corn Cribs f a
Time, \\ ages, and many other valuable table.s.

The Second jiart is a /"virfwi^ Arithmetic, and embodies a
simple mathematical principle which enables am/ one familiar
with the fundamental rn\v» to hwomti -A lightninq calculator ;
and by which over tiro-thirds of the figures and labor required
by the ordinary methods, aud fractions with their intricacies,
are entirely avoided.

The work is nicely printed on fine tinted paper, is well and
elegantly bound in pocket-book shape aud is accompiinied by a
bilicate Slate, Memorandniu and Pocket for papers. It is by far
the most complete, comprehensive and convenient pocket
manual ever puldislied.

PRICES Boiiufl 111 Russia Leaflier, Giltled, Sa.OO,
Moiroico, Sl-.-iO ; Fine Englisli Clotli, $1.00.

Sent post iiaid on receipt of price. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT,

. 814 Chestnut Street, Phila.

BACK VOLUMES

OF THE

Gardener's Monthly

$2 10
3 00
3 15

Can still be had in numbers, per vcar -
Bound in neat cloth cases, including numbers, -
" Koan " "

Delivered postage free.

5iLT^" nn y'^'^f ^'""^ numbers, and have them bound in cloth
cases for 90 cents. Returned to you bound postage free.

Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Sti-eet,

PHILADELPHIA.

A MANUAL OF VEGETABLE PLANTS.

UT ISAAC F. 1 ll.l.lMUlAST.

Containing the experiences of the author in starting all those
kinds of vegetables which are most ditlicut for a novice to pro-
duce from seed ; with the best ineihorls known for combating
and repelling noxiou.s insects and preventing the diseases to-
which garden vegetables are subject. 102 pagi;s, lOmo. cloth.
Price, $1.00, mailed, post-paid, on receipt of j)rice. Address,

CHARLES H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St.. Pliilaw

ASPARAGUS CULTURE;

77*e Jif.st M<-thoils l-J>)ijiloi/fil in JCiif/liiiid iiikI J'rance.

By James Barnes aud Win. Kobiueon, F.L.S.
Illustrated, 23 pages, 12u)o, paper. Price, 20 cents. Mailed^
postage free, on receijit of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila>.

A JiisTOitY or

The United States of America

I!Y .TOSIAH W. LEEDS.

Including some important facts mostly omitted in the smaller

histories. Designed for general reading and for academies.

Brought down to the yi!ar 1376. 468 pp., 12mo. cloth, toned paper.

Price, $1.75. Sent by mail, post-paid, on recept of price. Address,,

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

ALPINE FLOWERS FOR ENGLISH GARDENS.

By \V^. Robinson, F.L.S.

An explanation of the principles on which the Exquisite-
Flora of Alpine Countries may be growu to perfection in all
parts of the British Islands, with numerous Illustrations of
Rock Gardens, Natural and Artificial. 70 illustrations, 440
pages, crown Svo, cloth. Price, $4..'50. Mailed, postage free»
on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila..

THE WILD GARDEN;

OV) Oiif Groves and Shrnl>beri<:s Made Jieantif'ul bif
the ^atufHlizat ion of Ilardi/ Hjcotic IFlants.

By W. Robinson, F.L.S.
With Frontispiece.
236 pages, 12mo, cloth. Price, $2.25. Mailed, postage free,
on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. II. MAROT,
814 Chestnut St.. Phila

WINDOW GARDENING.

By Henry T. Williams.

Devoted specially to the ('ulfure of Flowers and OrnamentaL
Plants for In-door use and Parlor Decoration. Splendidly illus-
trated. 300 pages, med. Svo, cloth. Price $1.50. Sent by mail
post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.-

GARDENING BY MYSELF.

By Anna W.arner.

Containing Hints and Experiences under heading of each
month in the year. Illustrated. 16mo, 223 pages, cloth. Prica
$1.25. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila,.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER:

ir

Medal and Diploma awarded by the XJ. S. Cen-
tennial Commission, 1876, to

SMITH a LYM€H,

MamifacUit'ers of Patent Improved

Portabls CsUular Fire Boz Return Flue Boiler

AND

PATENT PORTABLE CELLULAR FIRE BOX

BASE BURNER BOILER

Greenhouses f Graperies, Conservatories, Propagating Mouses, Forcing Pits, Public

and Private Buildings, Schools, Drying Rooms and

Heating Water for Baths.

ALSO KEEP CONSTANTLY ON HAND

Expansion Tanks, Evaporating Pau8, Slop Valves, Cast-iron Pipe, Elbows, Tees, Branches, Pipe Chairs
and everything necessary, of the best material, for Greenhouse Heating.

Smith & Lyncli's Improved Ventilating Apparatus, for opening and closing Ventilating Sash, on roof
or sides of Greenhouses and Graperies.

Judges' Report on awards, with descriptive illustrated circular containing testimonials and reference..
Also price list furnished on application to

SMITH & LYNCH,

feb.l2

12

THE HORTICULTURAL ADl'KRTISER.

POPULAR TREES AND SHRUBS.

The Centennial Commission awarded to 'I'HOMAS MEKllA\,of the (Jormantow;;! Nurseries, I'hiladel-

])hia, a Mkdal and Diploma for

SEVEN HUNDRED AND FIFTY KINDS
OF TREES 1° SHRUBS,

The largest exhibit ever made in the world. We grow rare trees by the thousand, and commoner ones by

the tens of thousands, for which see catalogue.

Among those wliich are well known for their merits, for whicli tliere is always a popular demand, and yet are rare in the
trade will be found the foUowins:. A full and complete catalof^ue of all our extensive stock will be furnished ou application.
Also, a separate catalogue of suitable stock for sending by muil.

Ainelancliirr botryapiiini, 5 to 6 ft.

Indian Cherry or Juiiekerry, an excel-
lent small trix' for ornamental purposes,
easily grown, and always looks well ; has
large racemes of white flowers and later red
edible berries, looking beautiful for a long
period of the season.
Acer otriatuin, 5 to 6 ft.

Striped harked Maple. The bark isstrip-
«d, and the tree has a singular but beautilul
■appearance. It is a medium sized tree,
grows rapidly and lo<iks well all through the
year. It is in great demand for ornamental
purposes.

Acer colcliicuni ru1>runi, 3 to 4 ft.

" " " 6 to 8 ft.

Red colchinm Maple. All the leaves pro-
duced by the summer growth have a blight
red color. In order to have it looking its
Tiest, it should be kept cut as a shrub. Among
a mass it makes a lirilliant show. Old trees
with no summer growth are yet as beautiful
as any Maple.
Acrr JTapoiiicum atrosangiilneuin, 1 ft.

Bloou-leaf .Japan Maple. Owing to the
difficulty of propagating, this Maple is quite
rare. It is one of the handsomest of the Ja-
pan Maples. With its purple leaves and
dwarf habit it is very valuable as a small or-
namental tree.

Acer macroplylltini, 1 ft.

" " 3 to 4 ft.

Oregon Maple. This becomes a large
tree. A good tree for shade. Its large dark
green and very deeply lobed leaves somewhat
resemble the Sycamore Maple ; it grows rap-
idly, and is a little tender when young; it be-
comes quite hardy as it grows older.
Aiioiia triloba, 2 to 3 ft.

Papaw. A beautiful tree of medium size
not only useful for ornamentation, but for
its fruit, which is fragrant and edible. It
requires to be pruned severely at transplant-
ing.

Berberis purpurea, 2 ft.

Purple-Jeaved Berberry. A small shrub
with vury dark purple leaves. In the sjjring,
when this plant is covered with its yellow
flowers, it is very striking, and its berries in
the fall also give it a whole year of beauty.
Carya alba, 6 in.

Shell bark. Besides its esteemed nut, it
is a valuable timber tree. It is a rapid grow-
er when in good ground, and is pretty even
as an ornamental tree.
-Cytisus Ijaburuuiii, 1 to 2 ft.

Golden chain. A very pretty small tree
from Europe. Produces an abundance of
bright yellow flowers in May. Needs no at-
tention, but a cool shady place. It is much
sought after for ornameutatiou.
■Carya olivteformis, 12 to 18 in.

Pecan nut. A large tree, growing some-
times ninety feet high, and valued for its
•olive-shaped nut. Easily grown, and rather
more rapidly than other Hickories.
■Calycantlius Floridus, 2 ft.

Sweet-scented shrul). On aecouut of its
■exquisite strawberry-like fragrance, this
:shrub is very popular. Is very .easily growi.

.75

10.
5.00

.00

100.

.50 3.50
1.25 10.00

1.50 12.00

.20
.60

1.00
3.00

.25 1.00 7.00

EACH. 10.

CUioiiauthus Virginica, 6 to 10 in. .50

White fringe. Among the larger decidu-
ous shrubs, this is one of the handsomest. It
has very dark gre<!n leaves ; the flowers hang
in dense fringy clusters, and make a beauti-
ful appearance. A highly ornamental plant,
and is in much request.
Coriius Florida, 2 ft. .15 1.00

Flowering Dog-wood. In early spring,
when covered with its large white, showy
bracts, it makes a beautiful object, and the
succeedinLT red berries and scarlet leaves in
the fall an attractive large shrub or small tree.

Clethra alnifolla, 2 ft. .35 2.50

Sweet Pepper bush. A very pretty small
shrub with white flowers in .Inly, having a
sweet odor. It is very valuable as an orna-
mental plant; grows well in dry sunny spots,
though found wild in swamps.
Calllcarpa purpurea, 2 ft. .35 2.50

In the fall, when it is covered with its
dark purple berries, it is very attractive. It
is a very good plant for a single specimen.
It takes care of itself.
Cercis Japoulca, 2ft. .50 8.50

Japan Judas tree. This is one of the
most beautiful trees we have received from
Japan. In early spruig it is covered with
dark purple flowers, long before the leaves
appear. It is easily grown, and is highly or-
namental, even when only in leaf.
Crateegus, double scarlet, 2 ft. .25 2.00

English Hawthorn. Among the different
varieties of Hawthorn, this is the hand-
somest; With its double scarlet flowers and
dark green leaves, it makes a beautiful ap-
pearance. To produce an abundance of
flowers a little attention in a cool soil or shady
[ilace is needed. It grows rapidly.
Fagus, Fern-leaved Beech, 3 to 4 ft. 1.75 15.00

For ornament this is a remarkably beau-
tiful tree, its slender branches and feathery
leaves give it a very attractive and graceful
appearance. It is a rapid grower and re-
(luires no attention.

100.
3.60

Fagtis purpurea, 3 to 4 ft.

I " " 4 to 5 ft.

I Purple-leaved Beech. This beautiful

Beech has now become so popular, that a de-

i tailed description is not necessary. It is suf-

.50 3.00 ficient to say that among ornamental trees,

I there are few handsomer. It is essential on

all ornamental grounds.

.75
1.00

5.00
7..'50

.15 .75

.15 l.«0 6.00

Fagus, -weeping Beech, 4 to 5 ft. 2.00 12.50

Weeping Beech. The most pendulous of
all weeping trees. Nothing grown is more
interestingly curious. It will do well in al-
most any place.

Genista sroparius, 1 to 2 ft. .25 2.00

Scotch Broom. A very beautiful shrub,
with yellow flowers in .June. It is so easily
grown, so show.V in summer and so green in
winter, that it should be everywhere.

Hydrangea paniciilata, 2 ft.

' An extremely beautiful plant, the large

.15 1.00 8.00 panicles of white flowers in August, pink in

September, and turning brown later in the

1 season make it one of the most remarkable

, shrubs we have ever had from Japan.

.35 2.50 20,00

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

13

EACH,

.35

10.
2.50

100.
16.00

.35 3.00

.35 3.00

.20 1.50 10.00

.25 2.00 15.00

Halesia tetraptera, 2 to 3 ft.

Snow-drop tree. A very pretty small tree
with pendulous clusters of snowy flowers ap-
pearing before the leavi s. It is very useful
for ornamuntal purposes.
Itea Virgiiiica, 2 ft. .35 3.00

A shrub about six feet high, having very
pretty graceful racemes of white flowers in
June, grows well in damp places naturally,
but will do well in any garden ground also.
Hex opaca, 2 ft. .75 6.00

American Holly. Everybody admires the
Holly lor its rich shising evergreen leaves,
and bright berries in autumn and winter.
Jtiglaiis regia, 4 ft. .40 2.50 20.00

English Walnut. A tree much to be de-
sired, both for its well known nuts and its
great beauty ; requires little care alter being
once transplanted ; bears well in Phila.
Kolreiiteria paiiiciilata, 1 ft. .50 2.50

Bright yellow summer flowers and brilli-
ant fall foliage make it attractive. It is a
very ornamental large shrub.
Kalinia augustifolia, 1 ft.

Wood Laurel. A very beautiful attract-
ive Laurel, with deep purple flowers and
dark green leaves. It grows easily and is in
much demand as an ornamental shrub ; flow-
ers iu June.
Kaliiiia latifolia, 1 ft.

Large Wood Maple. Too well known to
need description. There are few things more
beautiful, though seldom found in the nur-
sery trade.
liaurus Sassafras, 1 to 2 ft.

Sassafras. An interesting small tree with
a beautiful form and magniflcent foliage in
fall ; seldom offered iu the nursery trade.
Liliocetli-us cleciirreiis, 12 to 18 in.

A very pretty evergreen with fern-like
habit, of great value in ornamental garden-
ing ; requires little protection here when
young.
L.iqi(idanil)ar styraciflua, 3 ft. .25 1.50

Sweet Gum. A large and very handsome
tree, admired by everybody for its star-like
summer and crimson fall foliage. It is in-
deed of remarkable beauty iu the fall, when
the leaves change to various brilliant colors.
Magnolia glaiica, 3 to 4 ft. .65 5.00

" " 5 to 6 ft. 1.50 12.00

White Bay. A very pretty shrub, dark
green leaves, large sized white flowers, very
fragrant. Grows as well or better in dry
than in swampy ground.
Magnolia Soulangeana, 2 ft. .40 3.50 25.00

This grows to be a beautiful tree, and
when small is in much request as an ornamen-
tal plant. It has large, light flowers ; does
not require any attention.
Magnolia cordata. 6 to 8 ft.

One of the scarcest and most sought for
of all Magnolias.
Magnolia conspicua, 1 ft.

Yulau. Every one knows of this popular
Magnolia, with its white, fragrant flowers ap-
pearing in early spring. This is always iu
demand.
Magnolia purpurea, 2 ft.

Quite a pretty shrub, with good-sized
purple flowers ; is easily grown, and of great
value for ornamental purposes.
Nyssa niultiflora, 10 to 12 in.

Sour Gum. Grows to be a large tree in
time, but is valuable when small for ornamen-
tation, for its superb fall colors. Will do
well in dry or damp places.
Prunus triloba, 2 ft. .35 2.50

Double Ked flowering Plum. A Japan
shrub of great beauty, as dark colors among
Plums and Cherries are rare. A good com-
panion for the dwarf double Almond.
Pyrus coronaria, 1 ft. .25 2.00

Sweet-scented Crab-tree. A small tree
with corymbs of large roso-colored flowers,
and very fragrant fruit. It has the sweetest
fragrance of all the Apple family.

.75

5.00
3.00

.50 3.00 20.00

.15 1.00

^uercus inibrlcaria, 3 to 4 ft.

Laurel Oak. A magnificent tree with
smooth bark, and thick dark green entire and
shining leaves.
^uercus paliistris, 1 to 2 ft.

Pin Oak. Grows to be a large tree. A
fine tree for ornament for its form and its
colored foliage in the fall.
Q,uercu8 aqnatica, 1 to 2 ft.

Water Oak. A handsome round-he.aded
tree with numerous small leaves, making a
dense foliage. It is hardy in Philadelphia.
Retlnospora pisifera aurea, 2 ft.

Golden Ketinospora. Of the beautiful
genus Retinospora, none can compare with
this. An evergreen with bright golden color
in winter, light golden in summer. It is in
great demand for ornamental gardening.
Rlius cotiuus, 2 ft.

Mist tree. A small shrub, very singular
and ornamental in appearance, when in seed
looking in the distance as if the plant was
enveloped in smoke. Requires no care.
Sopliora Japonica, 2 ft.

A very handsome tree with bark of a light
yellowish green color ; makes an attractive
tree when planted singly ; and has racemes
of flowers like a white Wistaria.
Sweet Brier, 2 ft.

Every one knows of its fragrant leaves
and flowers of light rose color. Its red fruit
in early winter is beautiful, and everybody
admires it.

10.
1.25

1.00

.15

.15

fi.OO

.25 2.00 16.00

.20 1.50 12.00

.50 4.00

.15 .75

.40 3.50

Tliuja globusa, 2 ft.

American globe Arbor Vitse. A small
evergreen, looking lil^e a large green ball.
Looks well planted singly, and will make an
exeellent substitute for Box edging.
XJlmus fulva pendula, 8 to 12 ft. 2.00 12.00

Weeping Kim. A pretty variety of the
slippery Elm, with pendulous branches. It
has no superior among weeping Elms.
Vlnius fiilva, 1 ft.

Yellow or slippery Elm. A large tree
with rough bark and heavy dark green leaves.
When not crowded, it becomes one of the
most beautiful of trees.
Vil>urnun» oxycoccos, 2 ft.

A handsome shrub, 0 to 8 feet high, with
large cymes of greenish flowers, afterwards
becoming white. Several stems from the
same root. Quite ornamental in appearance,
and the fruit is very attractive.
"Viburnum plicatum, 2 ft.

" " 3 ft.

Japan Snowball. Nothing more beauti-
ful has been introduced for many years. The
snow-balls are large, pure white, and the
plaited leaves all make it a very attractive
plant.
"Viburnum opulus, 3 ft.

Snowball. Another handome shrub hav-
ing several stems from the same root, branch-
ing above ; large cymes of snowy flowers.

"Wistaria sinensis, treeform, 5 ft. 3.00 25.00

These have been grown erect as trees.
In June, when in flower, they make a beauti-
ful sight, with their large blue flowers hang-
ing from their umbrella-like head.

4.00
5.00

40.00

40 3.00 20.00

"Wistaria sinensis, 2 ft.

" " alba, 1 ft.

White Wistaria. The true white variety

of the Chinese Wistaria is scarce. It is a

vigorous grower and contrasts prettily with

the blue.

"Welgela Ixortcnsis nivea, 2 ft.

White Weigela. One of the handsomest
Weigelias. It flowers several times a sea-
son, and its good habit of growth also gives
it value as an ornamental shrub.

"ifucca fllamentosa, 2 to 3 year.

Adam's Needle or Bear's Thread. A very
attractive plant for summer gardening, with
evergreen leaves. Flowers white, on a scape
6 to 8 feet high; flowering well under hot
July suns.

.40 3.00 25.00
.40 3.00

.50 4.50

.35 2.50

14

THE jrORTI CULTURAL AD]'KRTJSRR.

CLUB PAPERS AT NET PRICES,

ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED.

TO EEMIT IN CLUBBING

(uiv of tlu' fnllDwinjr list witli the
GARDENER'S MONTHLY
Silvcl sui'li as you wish, loot ui) the prices amu-xt-il, and aild TWO DOLLARS
for the MONTHLY to the total.

American Agriculturist %\

" Artitiau 1

" Uuilder '2

" Farnur 1

" Journal of Microscopy

" Naturalist 3

" 0(1(1 Fellow 1

Applcton's Jourual — 2

Arthur's Home Magazine 1

Atlantic Monthly 3

Boston Cultivator 1

Building Afisociation Journal

" Socii'ties Gazette, London, Englan(J 1

Bucks County Intelligencer, old subscribers, $2.60, new... 2

California Horticulturist 2

Central Union Agriculturist and C'hromo 1

Children's Friend 1

" Hour 1

Coleman's Rural World 1

•Country Gentleman 2

Demoresl's Magazine 2

Eclectic Magazine 4

Farmer's Home Journal 1

Farm Journal

Frank Leslie's Ladies' Magazine 3

" Review 2

Germantown Telegraph, old subscribers, $2.50, new 2

Godi-y's Lady's Book 2

Graphic, (Daily), per year 9

Hall's Journal of Health 1

Harper's Bazar 3

" Magazine ,s

" Weekly 3

Herald of Health 1

Household

Iowa Homestead 1

Jourual of Chemistry 1

Journal of Materia Medica 1

Kansas Farmer 1

Lady's Floral Cabinet, with Chrome ]

Ladies' Repository 3

Leslie's Lady's Jourual 3

Lippincott's Magazine 3

Littell's Living Age 7

London Garden 8

London Gardener's Chronicle 7

Maine Farmer 2

Manufacturer and Builder 1

Maryland Farmer 1

Muvsachusctts Ploughman $2 60

Mrinipolitiin 1 8.5

Milling Journal 1 a*}

Moore's Rural New Yorker 2 35

Nation 4 7.5

National Baptist 2 8!5

New England Farmer 2 35

" " Homestead 2 10

New York Evangelist 2 60

New York Mcttiodist 2 20

" " Herald Weekly ; 100

" " Roi-t W(-eklv, $1.40 Remi-Weekly 2 60

" " Times, Weekly, $1.40; Semi-Weekly 2 60

" " Tribune, Weekly, $1.4ii ; .Semi-Weekly 2 60

" " World, Weekly, $1.4L>; .Semi-W(iekly 2 60

North-Western Farmer 1 10

Nursery 1 20

Ohio Farmer 1 80

Our Home Journal 2 26

Park's Floral Gazette 40

Penn Monthly 2 10

Peter'.s Musieal Monthly 2 60

Peteri*c)n's MuL'iizine 1 70

I'hiladeliiliia Weekly Press 1 60

Philadel], Ilia Weekly Times 1 35

PhrenoloL'ieal Journal 1 60

Poultry World 1 00

Poultry World, colored plate edition 1 75

Popular Science Moutltly 4 20

Practical Farmer, (Weekly.) 1 60

Prairie Farmer 1 60

Purdy's Small FruitRecorder '85

Saint Nicholas 2 60

Saturday Evening Post 1 75

Scientific American 1 76

Scientific Farmer 86

Scribner's Monthly 3 46

Southern Cultivator 1 85

Southern Planter and Farmer 1 85

■Vick's Tllus^tiMted Monthly Magazine 95

Waverlv .Ma^'itzine 4 65

Westeri) Agriculturist 85

Western Farmer 1 80

Rural 1 50

Working Farmer 1 10

Young Folk's Monthly 96

Young Scientist 40

Youth's Companion' new subscribers $1.40; old subscribers 1 75

The above includes postage under the new M. S. Law requiring prepayment of postage before mailing.

After subscription to a club paper throup^h this agency, report non-receipt of your numbers
and other causes of dissatisfaction, irregularities of mails or changes of residence, o/i/^ io said
paper direct (not to this office).

Eemit by P. 0, Order, Draft or Registered Letter. Currency is at risk of mails.

If you wish a receipt or reply, enclose postage stamp for that purpose, otherwise the club papers will be considered a
■aufficient receipt.

Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestaiut Street, Philadelphia.

BURAL AND PRACTICAL BOOKS, (and any others in the market not on this list) will be
sent by mail, post paid, on receipt of price. Address Chas. H. Marot, 814 Chestnut ht., Fhila.

n's, R. L., Diseases of Domestic Animals SI 00 | Jacques' Mauual of the Garden $1 ^5

n'sL.F. Rural Architerrure 1 60 i Jenuiugs' Cattle Doctor...... ... ••■••••••";•• | i^

u'8, L. F., Amel-ican Cattle 2 50 Jenn.ugsou the Horse and llis Dseases 1 75

n's R. L. & L. F., New American Farm Book 2 50 Jennings' Sheep, bwine and Poultry 1 .5

Allen':
Allen
All en 'i

Allen 'l, -.. _ -, -

Allen's, R. L., American Farm Book 1 50

American Bird Fancier. (Brown's) 30

American Weeds and Useful Plants 1 75

Apple Culturist, S. B. Todd 1 50

Art of Propagation, (Jenkins) «^0

Art of Saw Filing '^5

Art of Grafting and Budding 2 00

Architect and Builders' Pocket Companion, tuck f'2,cloth. 1 50

Architecture, Modern American, Cummings & Miller 10 00

Asparagus Culture, paper 20

Baker's Fruit Culture 4 00

Bassett on Cranberry Culture 30

Barry's Fruit Garden 2 50

JBell's Carpentry made easy 5 00

Bement's I'oult'erers' Companion 2 00

Bement's Rabbit Fancier 30

Beet Root Sugar 1 -W

Bicknell's Village Builder, 77 plates 12 00

Bommer's Method of Making Manures 25

Boussingaulfa, J. B., Rural Economy 1 60

^Breck's New Book of Flowers 1 75

Bridgeman's American Gardener's Assistant 2 .50

Bridgeman'g Fruit Cultivator's Slanual 1 00

Bridgeman's Kitchen Gardener's Instructor 1 00

Building Associations, How to Manage 2 00

Building Associations, What They Are 75

Buisfs, Robert, Am. Flower Garden Directory 1 50

Buist's, Robert, Family Kitchen Gardener 1 00

Burr's Field and Garden Vegetibles of America 5 00

Carpenter and Joiner's Hand Book, (Holly) 75

Chorlton's Grape-(Trower's Guide...; 75

Chemistry of the Farm, (Nichols) '. 1 25

Cleveland's Villas and Cottages 4 00

Cobbett's American Gardener 75

Coles, S. W.. American Fruit Book 75

Cole's American Veterinarian 75

Copeland's Country Life 5 00

Dadd's, Geo. H., American Cattle Doctor 1 50

Dadd's Modern Horse Doctor 1 50

Dana's, Samuel H., Muck Manual 1 25

Darwin's Variations of Animals and Plants, (2 vols) 5 00

Darwin's lusectiverous Plants, English edition 7 00

" " " American edition 2 00

DeVoe's Market Assistant 2 50

Downing's, A. J., Landscape Gardening 6 50

Dowuing's Cottage Residences 3 00

Downing's Fruits and Fruit Trees of America 5 00

Downing's Rural Essays 3 50

Dowuing's Ladies' Companion to the Garden 2 00

DuBreuil's Vineyard Culture, (Dr. Warden) 2 00

Eastwood on Cultivation of the Cranberry 75

Elliott's Western Fruit Grower's Guide 1 50

Elliott's Land.seapo Gardening 1 50

Elliott's Lawn and Shade Trees 1 50

Elliott's Fruit Growers' Hand Book, paper, 60 cents, cloth 1 00

Farming for Boys 1 50

Field's, Thomas W., Pear Culture 1 25

Five Acres too much, (illustrated).. 1 50

Flagg's European Vineyards 1 50

Plax Culture 50

Flint. Chas. L., on Grasses 2 50

Flint's Milch Cows 2 50

Floral Decorations for Dwelling-Houses 1 50

Fowler's Homes for All 1 25

French's Farm Drainage 1 50

Fuller's Grape Culturist 1 50

Ful ler's Small Fruit Culture 1 50

Ful'cr's Strawberry Culturist 20

Ful'er's Forest Tree Culturist 1 50

Fulton on Peach Culture 1 50

Gentry's Life Histories of Birds, (2 vols) 4 00

Gray's How Plants Grow 1 25

Gray's Manual of Botany 2 25

Gray's Manual, Botany and Lessons, in one vol 4 00

Gray's School and Field Book of 15otany 2 50

Gregory on Squashes, paper 30

Guernou on Milch Covi'S 75

• Cluide to Fortune 1 00

Haraz.thy's Grape Culture and Wine Making 5 00

Harris' Insects Injurious to Vegetation, clo.$4 ; col. eug's 6 50

Harrison the Pig 1 50

Hatfield's American House Carpenter 3 50

Henderson's Practical Floriculture 1 50

Henderson's Gardenins for Pleasure 1 50

Henderson's Gardening for Profit. 1 50

Herbert's Hints to Horsekeepers 1 75

Hoopes on Evergreens 3 00

Hop Culture 40

How to Buy a Farm, and Where to Find One 175

How to Paint 1 00

Hussman's Grapes and Wines 1 50

• Jacques' Manual of the House 1 50

Johnson's Gardeners' Dictionary 3 00

Johnson's How Crops Feed 2 00

Johnson's How Crops Grow 2 00

Johnson's Peat and its Uses 1 25

Johnston's Elements of Ag. Chemistry and Geology 1 50

Johnston's J. S. W., Agricultural Chemistry 1 75

Kemp's Landscape Gardening 2 50

Klippart's Farm Drainage 1 75

Laugstroth, Rev. L. L., on the Hive and Honey Bee 2 00

Leeds' History of United States 1 50

Leuchars' How to Build Hot-houses 1 t5

Leibig's, Justus, Familiar Lectures on Chemistry 00

Louden 's Encyclopiedia of Plants 21 70

Lyman's Cotton Culture 1 55

Mayhew's Practical Book-keeping for Farmers 90

Mechanics' Companion, (Nicholson) 3 00

Meehau's Ornamental Trees 75

Miles on the Horse's Foot 7o

Miner's, T. B., Bee-keeper's Manual 1 25

Mohr ou the Grape-vine 1 00

Money in the Garden 1 50

My Vineyard at Lakeview 1 25

My Farm of Edgewood 1 75

My Ten-rod Farm 50

North American Sylva, 5 vols., 156 col. plates, in 80 parts

" " unbound 60 00

" " Half Turkey Antique, gilt 70 00

" " full " " 75 00

Nichol's Chemistry of the Farm and Sea i 25

Norton's, John P., Elements of Scientific Agriculture 75

Norris' Fish Culture 1 75

Onion Culture 20

Our Farm of Four Acres 1 25

Packard's Guide to the Study of Insects cloth e 00

Paul's Book of Roses 60

Paul's Rose Garden 3 00

" " •' colored plates 550

Paxton's Botanical Dictionary 15 oo

Pardee on Strawberry Culture 75

Parkman's Book of Roses 1 59

Parson's, Samuel B., on the Rose 1 50

Peat and its Uses 1 25

Pear Culture, Fields : 1 25

Pedder's, James, Farmers' Land-measure 60

Percheron Horse 1 00

Peterson's Preserving, Pickling and Canning Fruit 50

Phin's Open-air Grape Culture and Wine Making \ 50

Quinn's Pear Culture for Profit 1 00

Quinby's Mysteries of Bee-keeping Explained 1 50

Randall's Sheep Husbandry 1 50

Randall's Fine Wool Sheep Husbandry 1 oO

Rand's Bulbs 1 60

Rand's Flowers for Parlor and Garden 2 .50

Rand's Popular Flowers and How to Cultivate them 1 25

Rand's Garden Flowers 2 50

Rand's Orchid Culture 3 00

Rand's Rhododendrons 1 50

Robinson's Alpine Flowers 4 50

" Sub-Tropical Garden 2 75

" Wild Garden 2 25

Ropp's Commercial Calculator, cloth $1, Morocco Tuck... 2 00

Rose Culturist paper 30

Robbins', R., Produce and Ready Reckoner 75

Saunders' Domestic Poultry, paper, 40 cloth 75

Sa.xton's Hand Book, in four series, each 1 50

Schenck's Gardeners' Text-book 75

Scribner's Ready Reckoner and Log-book 30

Strong's Cultivation of the Grape 3 00

Ten Acres Enough 1 50

Thomas, J. J., Farm Implements 1 60

Thomas, J. J., Fruit Culturist ; old ed., $3 00 ; new edition 3 50

Tobacco Culture , 25

Vine's Chemical Manures 1 25

Warder's American Pomology 3 00

" Hedges and Evergreens 1 50

Waring's Drainage for Profit and Health 1 60

" Elements of Agriculture 100

" Earth Closets .Ml

Webster's Dictionary, Unabridged 12 00

Well's Every Man his own Lawyer 2 00

Williams, B. S., ou Stove * Greenhouse Plants,2 vol8.,ill'd 5 00

Williams, B. S., onSelect Ferns and Lycopods 2 60

Williams, B. S., Orchid Grower's Manual, 4th edition 2 50

" " " " 5th edition 3 50

Window Gardening 1 59

White's Gardening for the South 2 00

" Cranberry Culture 1 25

Wood's Class Book of Botany 3 .60

Wright's Practical Poultry Keeper 2 00

Youatt on the Uorse 1 75

Youman's Household Science „ 2 60

16

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

FROIT SEEDS, &c,

MahiiU'h Seeds,

JlftzzfUff Seeds,
rium Seeds, reae/i Seeds,S:c,

We ehall have onr usual supply of tlieee seeds, of good
qnaJity, and early correspont'.ence is solicted, where large
niian't'itivsM loir />ri>«-.v ari> ri'<inired.

Sriid l()r our (.iital()f,'iiet<.

THOMAS MEEHAN,

Sept.3. Grrin«nit<ni-ii. I'hihi'l'inhia.

NU POTTED PLANTS V^m
"full CROP IN 10 MOhfTHS

DIRECTIONS FOR CULTURE S5 PRICE LIST rR£E

rR.PIERSONV

TARRYT.OWNo'^''^e 'HUDSe.N.'NY

NORWAY MAPLES.

• We offor a lar^e stock of young and thrifty Norway Maples
at the followiiig low prices perlOU :

S to 9 feet high 1 to ^U inch diameter, $20
9 to 10 " " \H to \y, " " |30

11 to 13 " " l?i ■ " '' !f5" , ,,

Svcamore and Silver Maples, a large and fine young stock ; all
size's at low prices. AIsp a general list of deciduous ever-
green and fruit trees, plants, shrubs and vines usually kept in
good nursuries. Send for descriptive catalogue.

■LSj^j^a nioKis sz soisrs,

Bep-2 OLD WKSTHUUV, LONO ISLAND.

CARNATION BLOOMS

In large quantities are offered to Florists the coming season.

Sep.tf UNIONVILLE, CHESTER CO., PA.

CR^C RASPBERRY.

A new black variitv, vi-rv hardv and productive. One-half
larger than Mammoth Cluster, and a little later. Will super-
sede all other black-caps. Endorsed by all fruit men who have
tried it. Send for circular and price list. Address G. H. MIL-
LER, Norwich. Muskingum Co.. Ohio. sep2

Freestone ; delicious flavor ; usual size 12 to U inches in cir-
cumference ; small pit.

Buds this Summer ai SLOG per 100; small sized trees next
Fall at .'JOc each ; Dormant buds at 25c. each ; all by mail
securely packed in moss. Address,

C "W. ■^7^ESTBI^OOK:,

eept2 NUKSEKIES AND FKUIT FA KM. WILSON, N. C.

NEW AND STANDARD BOOKS

ON

AKCHITECTUBE,

ANU

AGRICULTURE,

Sent post paid on receipt of price.

Woodward's Artistic Drawing Studies $

Woodwards Ornamental and Fancy Alphabets

Woodwanl's Country Homes

Woodw.-ird's Cottages and Farm Houses

Woodward H Country and Suburban Houses...

Woodward s Graperies, <kc

Woodward g Deslg-ns for thf Fret Saw

Woodward's National Arcliiti'Ct, '\'ol. One

Woodwards National Architect, Vol. Two....

Wheeler's Hoincs f'jr the People

Wheeler's Rural Homes

Copley's .Standard Alphabets

Jacques' Manual of t lie House

Monckton's National Stair Builder

Monektf.ns National Carpenter and Joiner....

Rural Church Archi lecture

Hussey s National t ottage Architecture

Cupper's Stair Uuilder

Eveleth's School House Architecture

Harney's Darns, Out Buildings and Fences

Jacques' Garden. Farm and Barn Yard

Todd's Youns Farmer's Manual. 3 Vols

Vol. 1. Farm and Wurksliop

" 2, Profitable Farming

" 3. Wheat Culture

Elliott's Lawn and Shade Trees

Fuller's Forest Tree Culturist

Randall's I'ractica 1 Shepherd

Wlllard's Fractica 1 Dairy Husbandry

Willard's Practica 1 Butter Book

Lewis' Praoticil Poultry Book

Ten Acres EnomErh

Howti)(k'ta BVirm, &c

Our Farm of Four Acres

Flax Culture

Husmanns Grapes and Wine

Phin's Grape Culture

Thoraery System of Grape Culture

Frauk Forester's Field Sports, 2 Vols

Frank Forester's Fish and FishinB

Frank Forester's Youmr Sportsman's Manual.

Frank Forester's Ameriean Game

Practical Trout Culture

The Breechloader

The Dead Shot. The Gun ;

The Crack Shot. The RiHe

Frank Forester's Horse of America, 2 Vols...,

Horse Portraiture Training Trotters

The Dog— Breeding. Breaking, <kc

Wallace's American Trotting Register

Wallace's American Stud Book

6uu, Rod and Saddle i..

6 Cl«

6 00
1 00
1 00
1 00

1 00
50

7 iO
7 60

2 00
1 iO

3 00

1 00
5 00
i 00

4 00
4 00

2 At
4 00
4 00
1 60
4 60
1 60
1 50
1 60
1 00
1 00

3 00

3 00
1 00
1 60
1 00
1 00

«0

10

1 00

1 00
30

4 00
!50

2 00
1 60
1 00
1 25
1 25

1 35
, 6 00

2 00
. 3 00

10 00
10 0«
, 1 00

Address,

ISTE-W SEEIDS. , . , ,
Just received from England of New Prize kinds of
CHOICE STRAINS OF FLORISTS' FLOWERS.

The finest Strain of Primula Sinensis, ' ' ' ok

" Cyclamen Persicum, - - - ^oc

" Cineraria, ----- 26c

Pf'^'-.y.. g^

" Gloxinia, . . - - - ^c

" Tuberose Begonia, . - - 25c

All Warranted New, and from tbe leadiupr Strains in Europe.

Bep2 DANIEL BARKER, Norfolk, Va.

^^ISID,

SEXjOTTEI^ cS3 TFT

Dwarf and Standard Fruit Trees, Grape Vines and Small Fruits, Oru mental Trees, Evergreens, Shrubs and Roses

WASHINCTON STREET NURSERIES, Geneva, N. Y.

Correspondence solicited.

sep-2;

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

17

B TJ L B S.

f23 Randolph St., Chicago, III.

IMPORTERS of DUTCH BULBS, RWMAN HYACINTHS,
JAPAN and CALIFORNIA LILIE«, from JAPAN via. SAN
FRANCISCO, and CAPE BULBS direct.

FLORISTS' SUPPLIES.

Send for list before ordering. gep.4

mMULAS, CYCLAMENS, Etc.

Now Readv.
Primula Sinensis Fimbriata,

Alba,

Kermesina Splendens,

Per 100

$4 00

6 00

6 00

The above are from seeds of the first quality, pro-
ducing large flowers, handsomely fringed or fimbriated.

Primula Sinensis Alba Plena, Double White,

Str. Dg Plant. $20 00

Cyclamen Persicnm, second size, $10.00, first size, 15 00

Violet Belle de Cliatenay, fine new Double White, 15 00
Polnsettia Piilclierrima, first size $2.00 per 10,

from 4-inch pots, 10 00

Also, our usual choice stock of Greenhouse Plants. Fall
Cataloeues, &c., on application. Address, W. F. BAIRD,
Trustee Bloomlngton (Phoenix) Nursery and Garden, Bloom-
ington, 111. sept. 2

Norway Maples,

- 6 to 12 ft

Sugar "

- 5 to 14 "

Silver

- 8 to 12 "

Norway Fir,

- 1 to 8 "

Balsam Fir,

- 1 to 6 "

LARGE AND FINE STOCK OF

American Arborvitu?, 1 to 7 ft.

Siberian Arborvitre, 1 to 5 "
American Linden, 5 to 12 "
Irish Juniper, - - 1 to 6 "

Persons wishing to plant largely will find it to their advan-
tage to inquire our prices before buying elsewhere. Also a
general Nursery Stock, including FRUIT, SHADE and EVER-
GREENS, GREENHOUSE PLANTS, ROSES. &c.

W. p. BRINTON'

Oiristiatin, I^ancnstev Co., Vn.

The Nursery within two minutes walk of R. R. Depot at
Christiana. 8ep.2

CARNATION PLANTS.

FINE PLANTS,

$6, $8, and $10 per 100.

T.A.T3Sr^^]LIj Sc CO.,
Wilmington, Del.

POT GROWN STRAWBERRY PLANTS.

We offer 50,000 stl'ong plants of the

aUCUNnA AND MONARCH OF THK WEST

Varieties, at the following very low rates, viz : $2.00 per 100 ;
$18.00 per 1000. Address

J. BECKERT & BRO., Florists and Seedsmen,

Bep.l 53 FEDERAL ST., ALLEGHENY CITY, PA.

House Plans For Everybody.

FOR VILLAGE AND COUNTRY RESIDENCES, COSTING

FROM $350 TO $8,000 BY

S. B. IlEEID, A-PlCIilTECT,

Including full descriptions, and estimate in detail of material,
labor, cost, with many practical suggestions, and 175 illus-
trations; 243 pages, 12mo. cloth. Price, $1.50 mailed, post
paid on receipt of price. Address

CHAS. H. NIAROT, S14 Chestnut St., Pbila,

. SAUL'S

NURSERIES,

WASHINGTON, D. C.

Tlie undersigned offers a fine stock of the following at low

latt's.

Japanese Persimmon or Kaki, 8 Choice
Varieties. ^ , ■■

PE ARS.— Souvenirdu Congress, Pitmaston Dachesse, and

Dtlior new sorts, Ac , a heavy stock of fine trees.
NEW PEACHES.— The New Early Varieties, also the

New VtMv Lure .Sorts.

FRUIT TREES of ALL KINDS

An Exti'tisivf Stofk. viz. :

PLUMS, CHERRIES, APRICOTS, APPLES,
suitable to the SOUTH, &c.

CRAPE VINES, STRAWBERRIES, RASP-
BERRIES, Ac, new sorts Evergreens, New
Ornamental Trees, New Shrubs, ^-c.,
Small Sizes, suitable for Nurserymen as well as
large Stock '" great variety.

DUTCH BULBS.

Large importations direct from the leading growers in Hol-
land. First quality bulbs: Hyacinths, Lilies, Tulips, &c.
New and rare Greenhouse Plants, Winter Blooming Plants.
PELARGONIUMS.— A Large Stock of the new

choice varieties. . ^ - ,. .. ,, ,

NtW ROSES.— Duchess of Edmburg, Perle

des Jardins, Ac, «"'> «" immense stock of

finest variL-Mes grown m pots in open grOUnd.

New Wistarias, New Clematis, Geraniums,
Primulas, &c.

Catalogues mailed to applicants.

^ptd ^ JOHN SAUL, Washington, P. C.

FiflTOC^S, K Fi FALL

MAZZARD STOCKS,

MAHALEB STOCKS,

APPLE STOCKS,

.A-lSriD ivT^A-lSr^ST OTHEH, ITE]VtS.

Price by the 1000 or by the quantity given, on application.
The season has been very favorable to the g-owth of these
stocks this year. Our stock is large, and the plants fine, and
we invite correspondence from those wanting a supply. Cata-
logues sent on application.

THOMAS MEEHAN,
sep3 Cermantown, Phila.

NEW SEEDLING RA SPB ERR ¥
-m -I — i -I — a i'^^TjTCZ! PRIDE of the

H I- _hr. _tOv.J_tlj C:^ nTjoDsoKr,

Awarded " Ist prize" by the Boston Horticultural Society;
also all the new and standard varieties. October is the best
time to set out Raspberries.

"GOLD MEDAL"

The new and standard kinds true to name.
Currants Gooseberries and Blackberry plants. Send for cata-
logue. Address E- F. I^OE, ^ xr v

C0KNWA1.L-0N-THE-HUD9ON, ORANGE Co., N. Y.

SH ARPLESS "STRAWB ERRY.

The largest and b«'st Raspberries, Blackberries, Fruit Trees,
Vines andPlants. Send for Catalogues.

■WIVE- IPJ^'H.Ti.^^,

sep.3 Cinnaminson, N. J.

18 HOR TICUI. Tl 'RA L A P J '/-R TfSI'.R.

MEDAL AWARDED BY T/IE U. S. CENTENNIAL COMMISSION, 1876.

THOS. J. MYERS & SON'S

Patent Boilers aod Improved Hot Water Upparatus

For Heating Croenhouses, Hothouses, Conservatories, &c., &c.,

The advaiilagce are the large ainoiiiitof [Ieatiii<^, their Durability and Rconotny in Fuel and Spare. Heating capacity, 200
to 3<X)u feet of four inch pipe. Please nend for Descriptive Circular with ReduDcd Prices and list of Keferences. Pipe and Fit-
tings of every description, suitable for Heating Purposes, constantly on hand.

THOMAS. J. MYERS & SON,

^^p^-^ Ifo, 1109 Passyimk Koadf JPhiladelphiaf Pa,

PEACH TREES! PEACH TREES!!

All the leading niarliet varieties grown in larL'c qnantilic^?, including

ID o-^:v'3sri3sra- j^istid s.A.xj3sriDEi^s,

Ripening several davs in advance of Amsde i. Also a general stock of

FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES,

M>IAL.L. FRVIT PLANTS, &c.
Correspondence solicited. Address RAKESTRAW & PYLE,

8ept.2. yVillow JJale, Chester Co., Pa.

Offers FLOWERING PLANTS^i the following : .\«-w Double Azaleas, by Jean Verchaffelt, of Belgium. K. B.
flowered them tiie \>aM Winier, and coii.-ioers them the finest trio that has ever been offered. They have been awarded
prizes in London, Ghent, and Philadelphia.

EMPEROR OF BRAZIL,

Very beautiful rosy blush, edged with white and shad(!(l with red, form p.Tfect. .

QUEEEN OF PORTUGAL,

Large, pure white, very profuse ol bloom, readily forced.

TI^ITJIS/^IPEE OF JDOTJBLIB "WBCITES

Large, perfectly round petals, slightly undulated ; l)loom8 in great profusion, and forces freely ; a great
8ep.2 acquisition for Bbuquetists. $\.60 each ; small mailing sizes 75c. each. '.

JUST RECEIVED FROM EUROPE how to hunt and trap.

New and choice i<inds of prize Florist Flower Seeds for autumn sowing By J. H. Beatty, Hunter and Taxidermist.

Primula Sinensis, mixed in 4 varieties, - - i»c i Containing full instructions for hunting the Buffalo, Elk,

Cyclamen Persicum Urandiflora, extra fine, - - 5i)c ^vionjae, Deer, Antelope, Bear, Fox, Grouse, Quail, Geese,

Cineraria, tinest prize, .... 25c pucks. Woodcock, Snipe, etc., etc. Also, the localities where

Pansy, extra ftne snow, ... - 25c game abounds. In trapping, tells yon all ahonr. steel traps;

Gloxinia, prize kinds mixed, ... 25c i ^q„. ,„ make home-mafie traps, and how to trap the Bear,

Tuberous Begonias, extra, - - - - 2.^c I Wolf, Wolverine. Fox, Lynx, Badger, Otter, Beaver, Fisher.

Calceolaria, very line, .... 25c ^ja^jij, Tyjjnk ,,tg^ Iil,.fl8 of Prev, poisoning caruiverons ani-

Miraulus, extra large and tine, - - . - - ^Sc | j|-,al8, with full directions for preparing pelts for market, etc.

One Packet of each, for .... ?l-f"J I Fully illustrated. 223 pages. ]2mo. cloth. Price $1.60. Sent

JPAJSIXEXj B.A.I^K:EPI, Florist, post-paid on receipt of price. Address, CHAfJ. H. MAROT,

8ep2 Agent for t'ije BhambeI/Lox Kukseuies, SuuroiiVi, Va. I 814 Cheetnnt St., Philadelphia,

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

19

SITUATIONS WANTED.

As Propagator, by an experienced man in the business.
Understands the growing of hard and soft wood, and is
a successful grower of Roses. Those answering this, please
state terms, &c. Address, PROPAGATOR, Lock Box 124,

Geneva, Ontario County, N. Y.

AS gardener in a private or commercial establishment, by a
German; married. Fully competent to take entire charge.
Address, F. BRAUER, No. 16 Codman Park,
Boston Highlands, Mass.

AS Gardener, either private or commercial. Is a good plants-
man and orchid grower, together with a thorough knowl-
edge of the profession. Those requiring the services of a
first-class man will receive all further particulars by addressing
J, R. Smith, Astoria, L. I., N. Y.

AS gardener in a private or commercial place ; understands
the management of pleasure grounds, vegetable and fruit
gardens, graperies, and forcing houses with a decided knowl-
edge of plant-culture and propagatien. Many years practical
experience in this country and Europe. Address Gardener,
care of Mr. J. Ball, 142 Fourth street, Troy, N. Y.

A gardener, foreman, or propagator for a good commercial
establishment; capable of taking entire charge. Is a good
hand at making up flowers of all designs, and capable in all
branches of the business. Address Gardener, Waban Con-
servatories, Natick, Mass.

BY a first-class florist, an engagement as foreman and prop-
agator in some good commercial business ; has many years
experience in raising of plants and cut-flowers, and under-
stands the business thoroughly ; is single and can furnish the
best recommendation. Address Gardener, 927 Sartain St.,
Philadelphia.

BY a thorough practical man as gardener in any public or
private place, or as foreman in a commercial p/ace,
thoroughly understands the management of all kinds of stove
and greenhouse plants, Orchids, cut-flowers, &c. Good expe-
rience in Europe, and also in this country. Four years with
present employer ; can be highly recommended. Address, R.
M., care of Mr. Miller, 1025 7th St., Washington, D.C. aug2

BY a young unmarried man (American), a situation in a com-
mercial establishment. Is well up in propagating roses
and soft-wooded plants generally, and has had a long experi-
ence in growing and packing plants for the mail. Good ref-
erences given. Address, F. P. Rob?on, Waverly.Balt. Co., Md.

BY a first-class florist and cut-flower roan; ten years experi-
ence In Germany, France, Belgium and England ; and
seven years in this country ; able to run any florist place ; (not
married). Address " G. B.," Box 393, Hamilton, ihio.

BY a single man, as propagator or foreman in a good florist
establishment, has a thorough knowledge of the business,
both growing and making up ; can give the best of reference
from past employers. Address Gardener, care 362 Main St.,
Buffalo, N.Y.

SITUATION wanted as gardener, by a young man of several
years experience in this country and in England, both in
private and commercial gardening. Has a general knowledge
of his profession in al! its branches, and is not afraid of work.
Can give first-class references. No objection to any part of
the country or city. Address C. S., care of Edgar Sanders, 146
Dearborn St., Chicago, 111.

W.\NTED by the first of October, or sooner, a situation bj
a sober, industrious man as public or private gardener,
nnde'stands the cultivation of flowers, fruits and vegetables,
in and out door grapes, *c. Married, no children. Address,
8ept-2. F. P. F., Florist, Carroll, Baltimore Co., Md.

W ANTED. bya thorough practical gardener, (Scotch, married,
one child), fully competent to take "ntire charge if com-
mercial or private place, can take charge of farm if required;
has had 15 years experience in private and commercial places;
can give best of references. Address W. P., care of Jas.
Bough, Florist, 1559 Washington St., Boston, Mass.

WANTED as propagator or foreman and propagator by a
man of competent knowledge of the business in gene-
ral; extensive practice in growing for shipping and market
trade ; good maker up of all kinds of floral work ; unxception-
able reference as to abilities and character. Address A. B..
care of T. D. Rimmer, Florist, 1261 Shurtlett Avenue,
Chicago, 111.

WANTED, by an experiened young florist (single), as prop-
agator in a florist's establishment, or as gardener for a
gentleman's place ; has had a good range of practice, the best
of reference given ; no objection to any distance. Address,
HORTICULTURALIST, 180 E. Madison St., Baltimore, Md.

TO FLORISTS.

For sale in the city of Yonkers. N. Y., about six Lots of
Ground, four Greenhouses, with the stock and good will of the
business. All in good running order. A good chance for any
person who wants to begin business. For particulars, apply to

sept. 1

GEORGE WATT,

Box 696 Yonkers P. O., N. Y.

CAMELLIAS.

A fine stock 6f the above, well set with buds, clean, healthy
plants, ranging from 18 inches to 4 feet high. Having a sur-
plus stock I will sell at a low figure. Also, 24 new Chrysanthe-
mums, Pompone, large flowering, and Japanese ; and 24 new
Double Zonale Geraniums. List with prices sent on application.

:£<.. SCOTT,

sept 3 755 South 19th St., Philadelphia.

DUTCH BULBOUS ROOTS.

A large and splendid collection of
HYACINTHS,
TUL.IPS,

LILirMNS,

AMARYLLIS,

CROAVN IMPERIAIi,
NARCISSUS,

CROCUS, <fec., &.C.,
Descriptive and priced Catalogue with directior s for cultiva-
tion sent free to all applicants.

HORTICULTURAL. E«»TABLI«H1>IEIVT,

8ep2 878 Broadway, New York.

STJiiiPijTJs stock:.

Tuberose, double, large,

" " 2d size, -

" Pearl, large.

Primula Sinensis, 4 varieties.

Dahlia. Seedlings, very choice.

Gladiolus, mostly light, great var.

Tea Roses, 18 leadinij sorts, 5 in.

$7. 50 for 50. This offer good unti

engo, McHenry Co., Ills.

$1.80 per 100 ; $13.00 per 1000
$1.40 per 100; $10.00 per lOOO
- $.3.00 per 100
75c per doz ; $5.00 per 100
$1.00 per doz.; $6..50 per 100
$1.00 per doz.; $6..50 per 100
pots, strong. $i.25 per doz.;
1 Oct. 1. A. B. White, Mar-
sepl

AMERICAN FLOWER GARDEN DIRECTORY.

By Robert Buist.
With practical directions for the Culture of Plants in Flower-
Garden, Hot-House, Green-House, Booms, or Parlor Windows,
for ever7 month of the year. Instructions for erecting Hot-
house, Greei house, and laying out a Flower garden. Instruc-
tion for cultivating, proiiagaling, pruning and training the
Grapi vine and description of best sorts lor the open air. 342
pages, 12mo, cloth. Price 81 50. Sent by mail post paid on receipt
bf price. CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St. Phila.

GARDENING FOR PLEASURE.

BY PETKR HENDERSON.

A guide to the A.mateur in the
FRUIT, VEGETABLE and FLOWER GARDEN.

With full directions for the
Greenhouse, Conservatory and "Window-Garden.
Illustrated. 2.50 Pages, IJnio, cloth. Price Sl.50. Sent by
mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

GARDENING FOR PROFIT.

BY PETER HENDERSON.

A Guide to the successful cultivation of the

MARKET AND FAMILY GARDEN.

New and enlaVged edition. Illustrated. 276_Pages, 12mo, cloth.
Price, 81.50. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

20

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

Index to Advertisements.

AdviTtlscrs (jr.- r'qin'sf.'il to Imic <.r./r/.s i;» lutinl .i.< Kaiii.v
Pof^!-lIil.K. '^'7>// n-rrtrril nftrr the Tld «/ each iititnlh cannot lit-
INcruEl) iiiMi-rtiiiu in thr next ikhu

Arheli8 (ieo,, Wt-8t Cht'Htcr, I*a., 9

BHini W. F.. UliM)niinKt<)ii. 111., VO

Biirkcr. Dnniel, Norfolk, Va 16, IH

BavirwIorfiT M. M. ifcCo., PhiUdi-lphiii, ... 4

Bcck.Ti A Hro., Allt-silicnv Citv, I'a 17

Black K. .1 , Br<'ni<-n, Ohio, . " In

Bryant .1. M., l'liila.lelphia Fly-k-iil

Brlntoii \V. P.. C'liriftiaua, Pa., . .

Bridcfmnn's. New York,

Bmst H., Philadelphia,

Chicago Floral Co., Chicago, 111.,

Chafficld A. v., .Mhaiiy, N. Y., .

Chapin, G. II., Boston, Mass.,

Colllnn .John S., Moorestown, N. J., .

Cow en, N., New York,

Dick .John, Phila.,

Dillon •!. L., Hloonipbnrg. Pa.,

Elder Walter, Philadelphia,

ElKvanger A Harrv, Rochester, N. Y.,

Foster P. H., Baliylon. N. Y., .

Gilniore S. J., Salina, Kan.,

Goeliels F., Memphis, Tenn.,

Hanford R. G. & Son, Columhug, Ohio,

Harris Wm. K., Philadelphia,

Hews A. H. & Co., Cambridge, Mass.,

Henderson Peter & Co., New Y'ork. .

Hickman ,1. B., San Juan, Cal.. .

Hicks Isaacs & Sons, Old Weetburj, L. I.,

Hitchings & Co., New York,

Hul>t)ard T. S., Fredonia, N. Y

N. Y

Kavanagh .las. J., Towanda, Pa,,
Kelsey F. W., Rochester. N. Y.,
Landreth David & Sons, Philadelphia
Lord's Ilorticultnral Works, Irvingtoii-on-the Iluds
Lynex R., Philadelphia,
Marot Chas. H , Philadelphia, 2,6,7,8,9,10,12,1.3,14, l.'i,

Fly
Meehan Thos., Germantown, Phila.,
Michel Henry & Co., St. Louis, Mo., .
Miller V,. H., Norwich,©.
Myers & Sons, Thos. J., Philadelphia,
Moody E. & Sons, Lockport, N. Y., .
Morris & Miller. Frederick, Md.,
Nimmo Alex., Brooklyn, N. Y.,

Nursery Cards,

Ohmer N., Dayton, O. .

Parry, Wm., Cinnatninson N. .J.,

Parsons & Sons Co., Flushing, N. Y„

Parsons R. B. & Co., Flushing, N. Y..

Picr-on F. R., Tarrvtown-on-the- Hudson

Rakestraw & Pyle, Willow Dale, Pa ,

Reed Geo. I. & Co., Nassua, N. Y.,

Richardson & Nicholas, Geneva, N. Y

Rolker Augu.«t & Sons, New York,

Roe E. P., Cornwall-on-the-Hudson, N. Y

Sanl .John, Washington, D. «., .

Seal Thos. F., Fnionvllle, Pa.,

Selover & Willard, Geneva, N. Y.,

Scott R., Philadelphia,

Situations Wanted

Smith & Butler, Newport, R. I.,

Smith, L. Lum, Philadelphia,

Smjth & Lynch, Boston, Mass.. .

Smith <fc Powell, Syracuse, N. Y.,

Straiton & Storm, New Y'ork,

Southern Enterprise, Atlanta, Ga.,

Tatnall & Co., Wilmington, Del.,

Thorburn .J. M., New York.

Verry & Harper. Madison, Ind.,

Vaughan J. C, Chicago, 111.,

Watt George, Yonkers, N. Y., .

WeltzLeo., Wilmington, O.,

Westbrook, C. W., Wilson, N. C

White A. B., Marengo, 111.,

Wood Edmund M., Boston,

Wright Peter & Sons, Philadelphia

16

3

1(1

2

Fly-leaf

Fly-leaf

on,N. Y., 4

16,17,18,19,

eat, cover

2, 13, 16, 17

8
20
7
9
6

2, 6, 8
7
9
2

Cover
.•5

Cover
1

16
IS
9
9
.■5
9

." 2,17

Cover

20

16

18

10

1, Fly-leaf

17

17

16

16

19

19

2

2

11

2

FLOiEfiING CftMELLIftS,

\S <■ are thlK year again alih' to olti'l very line plants,

WITH 11 GflEUT IBONDANCE OF FLOWER BODS,

I'lirchii.ucrs will tlnd that the IIdwits will return much more
than till' coKl of the pluiits. Among the budded sorts are

m ML m mil mi whites,

As well as the best colored kinds. For ])rices address,

R. B. PARSONS & CO.,

BOX »«, '

"new GERANIUMS, ~

F .A. isr 3sr ^2" j^isTiD tij^iljf:e^.

We can supply large specimen plants of above at 50 cts. each.
Good stock plants per doz., - - - - $3 00

Small plants, - - - - - - 160

Those wishing a desirable and saleable stock for next season
would do well to consult our Descriptive Catalogue, furnished
on application.

We import from Europe all the finest NEW varieties as they
appear, and grow only the most desirable of the OLDER. Our
stock is in the finest condition. We have everything advertised
in sufficient quantity to fill all orders. None but good plants
.xent out. See advertisement, page 5, Gahdeneu's Monthly,
tor .'une.

CHICAGO FLORAL CO.,
38 fh Si. and Grand Boulevard, Chicago, III.

SOBEFORE BUYING GLASS.-- ESTIMATES^

g -HHOA AV3 N ^ "'LS ^ VNVO /,0S 3
g 'KSA^OO 'K w

s 'saiHOiivA^asKOO 'sasnoHKaans §

17
Fly leat

6
17
19

2
16
19

5

2

SITUATIONS WANTED.-See Page 19.

PRACTICAL FLORICULTURE.

By Petkr Henderson.
A Guide to the successful cuItiv.ition of

FLORISTS' PLANTS,

ioT ihc Amateur anA Pro/essiorutl Florist. Illustrated. 388 pages,
izmo, cloth, Price, J1.50. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of
price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

PARSONS ON THE ROSE.

By Samuel B. Parsons.

A treatise on the Propagation, Culture and History of the
Rose. lUu.strated. 215 pages 12mo, cloth. Price $1.50. Sent.
by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phils.

TREES! TREES!!

use Plants, please send
Address.

If you wish 'rree.-i, Shrubs or (jreenl
for my Fall CatnloL'ue and Price List.

W. F. BAIRD, Trustee, Bloomington Nursery,
aug.3 Box I, Bloomington, McLean Co., Ills

CHOICE STOVE UNO GBEENHOUSE PUHTS,

By Benj. S. Williams, F. B. H. S.

With descriptions of upwards of eleven hundred species and
varieties. Instructions for their cultivation and mode of manage-
ment. Illustrated with colored frontispiece and numerous
splendid illustrations. 686 pages, 2 vols., 12mo, cloth. Price
$5.00. Sent by mail post- paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT.

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

To Nurserymen and Florists!

EXCHANGE ADVERTISEMENTS.

To jSTurserymen, Seedsmen and Florists, who will favor us with the following or similar
advertisement in their Catalogues, and send us a marked copy of same, we will reciprocate by a
two line card in the Magazine, for thi'ee months.

Sample of Advertisement in Your Catalogue,

IN PROMINENT POSITION :

THE GARDENER'S MONTHLY AND HORTICULTURIST, edited by Tho-VAS Mee-
IIAN, and published at S;2.10 per year, gives full instructions in the science and practice of every
branch of gardening. It will pay any one to subscribe for it. Our friends and customers may
send their subscriptions through us, and we will forward them to publisher. Address

AUGUSTUS ZONALE, Florist,

Skedunk, Mass.

AVe believe it is to the interest of all in the business to increase the taste for it. It is as much
to their interest to extend the circulation of a Horticultural Magazine, as to support a good Hor-
ticultural Society. Still, we shall be happy to reciprocate by a card as proposed.

For every such subscriber obtained and forwarded by you, you can retain, as commission, 70
cents, remitting to us $1 40 net, with the subscriber's name and address.

Sample of Card in Monthly, in Exchange;

SEE ALSO "NURSERY CARDS," ON PAGE 9, ADVERTISING COLUMNS:

THOMAS MEEHAN,

>Jursur.\ir,aii, Gurmanfowti, Pliila.

We hope you will appreciate the fact that by this mutual arran-emont you will be helping
your trade in multiplying the readers of Horticultural literature. Our low price of subscription
for a 32-page magazine, is only so much on accotjkt of the expense of publication. — It does not
begin to meet that expense. We rely upon its reaching a market for our advertisers, who then
are sure to make up the balance by using our columns as an advertising medium. We do not
solicit advertising patronage by direct appeal ; but only by endeavoring to keep up the adver-
tisers' market in our subscription list. Our well-known success in this direction leads us to make
use of all promising legitimate expedients to this end. Shall we have your co-operation, as above
suggested? Send catalorjue with notice by way of reply, and your card will be printed in the
following three months' numbers to balance.

Yours respectfully,

CHARLES H. MAROT,

814 Chestmit St., Pliila.

Rhododendrons and Evergreens

Ot all bIzos aud In line onUtlou for transplaullnK. Special attention called to our largo spocimunB of jHjrfoct form. Also a

line li(-altliy etock of

CAMELLIAS AND AZALEAS

Which hnvi" -rown this vci\r more rotnift tliiiii ever, and are ollired nt rca!'nnal)!e prices.

JAPANESE MAPLES, ORANGES

And many kinds of N«'^v niitl Knrt^ PlaiilH. llcinj^ in notn can be sent out at any time, as al»o our select list of the boet
Greenhouse riauis. I'ricc List free, ami l)e«criplive Catalogiio 10 cts.

PARSONS &, SONS CO., Limited,

KlHseiifi Nurseries, Flushluf/f H. Y.

-i- 2000,000:1-

ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUES

Sent free on application.

Low freights from Boston
allow us to compete with any
Pottery in the United States,

A. H. HEIWS & GO.^ - - No. Cambridge^ Mass.

200,000 TWO YEAR OLD DWARF PEAR TREES,

Jiiiflflrd on Jif'st Ffenrh Stochs, nitd of I'titnc QiiaUtij. Ijnvyeli/ of
IDTJOHESS ID'.A.3SrGi-OXJLElVEE, ]L<OXJISE EOINIsTE IDE J'EPISE'Y,
Doyenne d'Ete, Osband's Summer, Clapp's Favorite, Bartl^tt, Beurre CifTard, Blood-
good, Madeleine, Brandywine, Kirtland, Ott, Tyson, BufTum, Belle Lucrative, Howell,
Doyenne Boussock, White Doyenne, Beurre Clairgeau, Beurre Hardy, Beurre Diel,
Urbaniste, Swan's Orange, Beurre d'Anjou, Vicar of Winkfield, Lawrence, Jaminette,
Clout Morceau.

THE ATTENTION OF NURSERYMEN, DEALERS AND PLANTERS

Is invitijd to the above stock, which is Ijelieved to be unsurpassed in qu'ility by any in the United States. Those intendlns; to
plant larijely will do well to correspond with us. We can refer to large bearing Pear orchards in New Jersey. Virginia, Ken-
tucky, Texas, and other States, which bear testimony to the quality and reliability of our trees. " Dwarf Pears, their Culture
and Management," mailed to applicants.

A FULL ASSORTMENT OP OTDER NURSEUT STOCK AT PRICES TO SUIT THE TIMES.

TESTI3VE01sn:.A.X.S.

By the permipsion of the writers we are kiudly allowed to publish the following letters— want of space prcventB ub from
adding others of like character:

Princeton, New Jersey, April 11, 1877.
E. G. Hanpori) & Son, OentU"men:—l have just returned from Virginia, where I have the orchards of Apples, Pears, etc.,
over two thousand trees, which I have procured from you during the past eight years. They have borne true to namc\ and are
fine thrifty trees. Respectfully yours, A. L. ROWLAND.

W'estport, Missouri, April 15, 1878.
R. G. Hanpord & Son, Gentleman .-—Having dealt with yon since 180S, it Is gratifying to me to be able to assure you that
all orders have been tilled to my entire satisfaction. The Trees, Plants, etc., have invariably been received in good order, being
well grown, vigorous and thrifty, and have proven well adapted to this soil and dim ite. Truly yours, D. W. HUNTER, M.D.

Hammonton, New Jersey, May, 8, 1878.
R. G. Hanpord & Son, Gc««?c»n<;n ;— Three years ago I bought of you two thousand one-year old standard liartlett Pear
Trees and set 1.'534 on my own place. They have grown and doue well, and I now have the best orchard in town. Some bear-
ing, and I expect nearly all will bear next year. Of the eight hundred bought of you last Fall, I believe every one is growing,
lufe, auiiic p J b £, fraternally, yours, W. B. POTTER, M.D.

Eagle Station, Kentucky, May 9, 1878.
R G. Hanpoud & Son, Gentlemen:— In the Spring of 1872 I bought of you one thousand Pear Trees--one-lialf standard
and one-half dwarf; and in the Spring of lS74-7r), about two tliousaiid more trees of Pears, Plums and Peaches. They have
grown and done well. The Pears and Plums have been bearing' from one to three years, and have proved true to name. They
were the best packed trees I ever saw. I am perfectly satisfied with my dealings with you, and have to thank you for your
promptness and fair dealing. Yours respectfully, L. S. GARDNER.

Tehuacana, Texas, May 15, 1878.
Messrs. R. G. Hanpord & Son, Gentlemen: —The several thousand fruit trees, consistinsr of Apples, Pears, Plums and
Peaches, bought of you about Ave years ago, and planted at this place, have done as well as could be desired, and have proved
true to name. I have bought Trees from several nurseries in the last ten years, but the packing from the Columbus Nursery is
the best by far— in fact my trees when received were in as good condition as the day they left your nursery. The trees arc as
healthy and have done as well as any Southern grown trees I feel that I cannot endorse your dealings with me too highly.

I am, very truly yours, W. W. BOWEN.

Address. R. G. HANFORD & SON, Columbus Nursery,

a^g_2 coij"criv<EBTrs, omo.

TERRRS— 2.10

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.
R YEAR

POSTAGE PAID.

^i

W

r,

T'X

"Cifll^^X^t

*<y"<

>\'

-^

The Gardener's Monthly

AND HOETICULTURIST,

EDITED BY THOMAS MEEHAN,

Assisted by an ablo Corps of AUEBICAIT and FOSEIOK COBBESFONSEiTTS.

It is published on the first of every month, at the oflice. No. H14 CHESTNUT STREET,
PHILADELPHIA, where all Business communieations should be addressed.
Comnuuiicatious for the Editor should be addressed : Thomas Meehan, Germantown, Phila.

SUBSCRIPTION PRICE, Postage Paid, $2.10.

TERMS OF ADVERTISING:

^/scol. J<it"l. y, CO]. 5-fiCoI. y.co]. 1 col. 1 page.

One Time $3 OO $4 00 $6 00 $8 00 $12 OO $24 00 $48 OO

Two to Three Times, each, 2 70 3 60 5 40 7 20 lO 80 21 60 43 20

Four to Six Times, " 2 25 3 OO 4 50 6 00 9 00 18 00 36 00

Seven to Nine Times, " 2 00 2 70 4 00 5 35 8 00 16 OO 32 OO

Ten to Twelve Times, " 180 2 40 3 60 4 80 7 20 14 40 28 80

Twelve lines nonpariel is 14 col. A less space than % col. will be furnished at rates in exact proportion, line for line

For THIRD and LAST COVER PAGES; FIRST PAGE advertisenient/«cin^ readini? matter; "FLY-LEAF PAGE." (front of

number) before reading matter and facing first cover-special figures will be given on application.

Copy and orders for NEW advertisements should be on hand by the 22d of each month; and CHANGES of COPY, running

contracts by the IGth of each month, to insure them in the following issue. Address,

CHAS, H. MABOT, PublisJier, 814 Cheatnut St., Phila,

CONTENTS OF THE OCTOBER NUMBER.

.SEASONABLE HINTS:

Flower Garden and Pleasure Ground 289-290

Greenhouse and House Gardening 29o-296

CORRESPONDENCE :

Seeds and Seed Planting 290-291

Ccanothus 291-292

Hydrangeas 292

Country Homes 292-29:)

Orchid Culture in the United States 296-298

Glass Panels ' 298-299

Small Greenhouses 299-301

Amaryllis and Orchids 301

The Amaryllis .•>ul-302

Alocasia Jenningsii 302

Nertera Depressa 302

Coleus Chameleon 302

Stigmaphyllon Ciliatum :W2-303

Fumigating Greenhouses 3)3

Fruits in Iowa 30o

The Dwarf June Berry 305-30G

The Small Fruits 30fi

The Sharpless Seedling : 30G

The Dwarf June Berry 306-307

Alexander, Amsden's June and Early Beatrice Peaches 307

Cultivation of the Strawberry 307

The Dyehouse Cherry 307

Malicoton Peaches 308-309

Time to Bud the Peach 309

The Varieties of Catalpa 312-313

A Murderous Plant — Darlingtonia Californica 314-315

The "Curl" of the Peach Leaf, Ascomyces Defonnans 31.5-316

Adventitious Buds in the Beech Tree 316

Asclepias Cornuti 31G-317

EDITORIAL NOTES:

The Lemon Verbena— The Persian Lilac— The Pur-
ple Beech as a Hedge Plant — The Grey Pine — Can-
nas— Protecting Park Trees from Cattle— Asphalting

Walks — Aponogeton distachyon not Necessarily an

Aquatic— Astilbe Barbata— What Ails the Trees 293-29r>

Belladonna Lily 303

Late Strawberries — Cresent Seedling Strawberry —
Codling Moth Destroyers — Fruit in Europe — Curculio
in California — Peaches in England — Popular Penn-
sylvania Apples 309-310

The Red Wood in H.ustralia — American Forestry —

The Red Pine 313-314

Horticulture in Maryland — Horticulture in Balti-
more— Ferns in their Homes and Ours — Clifton Park
Gardens, Baltimore— Dr. H. A. Swasey-John Nicholas

Haage — Professor Asa Gray 317-319

Massachusetts Horticultural Society — The New
Jersey State Horticultural Society 319-:i20

NEW OR RARE PLANTS:

A Blue Primrose — Campanula AUioni — The Rosy

Snowflake 29.".

Azalea, Duke of Edinburg — Asparagus plumosus —

Acalypha maerophylla 303-304

New Foreign Grape, "Welcome" — Sallic Worrell
Peach 310-311

SCRAPS AND QUERIES:

Beautiful Hydrangea,s — Deep Planting of Bulbs... 29.'>
Rondeletia Anoniale — Double Richardia — Fruiting
of Ficus Parcelli — Archbishop Wood and Gnillon

Mivngclleon (ieraniums 304-305

Clapp's Pears — Strawberry Leaf Insect — tirapes and
Graperies 311-:il2

FLOWER GARDEN AND PLEASURE GROUND 289-29.1

GREEN HOUSE AND HOUSE GARDENING •Z9r>-ii0r>

FRUIT AND VEGETABLE GARDENING 305-312

FORESTRY 312-«4

NATURAL HISTORY AND SCIENCE 314-317

LITERATURE, TRAVELS AND PERSONAL NOTES.... 317-319
HORTICULTURAL SOCIETIES :il9-:i20

bulbs:

-. ^T-- g--- A»^ ^J^-^i OUR CATALOGUE OF SUNDRY f^tf^

IMPORTED AND DOMESTIC BULBS

Is now rt'udy and will be mailed on aiiplieatiou.

ROMAN HYACINTHS & LILIUM CANDIDUM

For early forcing, ready for delivery from middle of August forward.

DUTCH BULBS,

HYACINTHS, TULIPS, CROCUS, NARCISSUS, JONQUILS, &c„

Deliverable during September and forward.

LILY OP THE VALLEY,

In late Fall delivery.

Our Catalogue Contains Much Valuable Information.

FLORISTS' SUFPLIES,

And a line of NOVELTIES therein, we sliall offer in our new CATALOGTJE, now ready.

Many new illustrations will facilitate the purchasing of goods to those

who do not come to New York to inspect our well-assorted

Stock of every kind of Florists' Supplies.

Dfied Grasses and Flowers,

We keep the largest assortments again this season. Get our catalogue before ordering elsewhere.

AUGUST ROLKER & SONS,

p. 0. Box 899. ^^^ 44 Dey Street, New York.

Importers, Dealers and Manufacturers of Florists' Supplies,

SEEDSMEN AND BULB IMPORTERS.

Dutch Bulbous Roots,

('aliiU>i;iu's fret

of the finest ijualily, our own iiiiportiition from Hdllaiul direct.

DAVID LANDRETH & SON,

Nos. 21 and 23 South Sixth Street,

Between Market and Chestnut Streets, Philadelphia.

PRACTICAL FLORICULTURE.

By Pbtbk Henderson.
A Guide to the successful culti vatioii of

FLORISTS' PLANTS,

for the Amateur ami Prc/essianal Florist. Illustrated. 288 pages,
umo, cloth. Price, ^1.50. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of
price.

Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT,
814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

THE ABBOTT

Pocket Microscope

Is »n ^Bstrnment of great
practical usefuhiees to
Teacliers, Farmers,
Mere II ant 8, ITIe-
elianlen, PhyHl-
elaiiN, Botanltets,
lUlners, and many

others. It is the best

liiriu.i III ever ii. Tended for examining FlOW

ers, Seeds, Plants, Minerals,
Engravings, Bank Notes, Fabrics,

Etc. By meang of a caje, accompanying each In-
strument, one can examine all kinda of |n~
sects or Worms alive. The

EYE OF A FLY,

or other insect of like cize, can be readily seen.
It is simple in coni^trnction and easy to operate.
One of these inte.-esting Instruments onght to
be in eTery family. We have made arrangements
to furnish the Pocket MIcroseope at the
manufacturer's price, $1.50. It will be sent, post-
paid, to any reader of this Paper desiring it, on
receipt of price, or m.-iy be had at this office.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

Rochester, N. Y.

Offiers for the Autumn of 1878.

Special Collections

Of the finest fiKNAMKNTAi. tkkes, shkobs and rosks at reduc-
ed prices. Also all varieties of Fruit Trees and 8mall Fruits.
All Stock WARRANTKij as REPRESENTKD. Furnishing pakk.s,
t'KMETKRiEs and PRIVATE ESTATES A SPEfiALTY. Descriptive
Oatalogue, with colored plate, 10 cents. List of Koveltles and
Special Collections free. Address,

FRED. W. KELSEY, Rochester, N. Y.

JHS^^A^^ engrSver

70K CHESTNUT ST. PH. LA*

AMERICAN FRUIT CULTURIST.

BY JOHN J. THOMAS.

Practical directions for the Cultivation of Fruit Trees in the

NURSERY. ORCHARD AND GARDEN.

Descriptions of the principal American and Foreign varieties.
Plain Edition, 480 engravings, 511 pages, 12 mo. Price, $8.0a
Mailed post-paid on receipt of price.

49- Kxtra ISdltion, 676 pages, bemvy pap«r, fine cloth, 506

illustrmtions and chromo frontispiece; mailed, for $3.75."%*

Add»ea« CHAS. H. MABOT, 8U Chestnu. St.. Phil/

DITCN BULBiyS ROIITS,

We oH'er to the trade first-class

LILIUM CANDIDUM,

LILIUM LONGIFLORUM,

ROMAN HYACINTHS,

GERMAN LILT of the VALLEY PIPS, &c.,&c.

Prices on application tc

J. M. THORBURN & CO.,

sept. 2 15 John Street, New York.

Medal Awarded by U. S. Centennial Commission, 1876.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

Pliili fei Wlitef Jiowiili,

.i

20 000 ROSES, Saffron, Bon Silene, Douglass, Duchess, Alba rosea, Sylphide,
Marectial Niel and all Winter Roses, from one to three feet high in fine order for immediate
Forcing'.

50,000 ^o^'^^J'^iiS'S, Begonias, Carnations, Callas, Jessamines, Eupatoriums, Ferns,
Poinsettias, Double and Single Primulas, Stevias, Smilax, Violets, &o., in fine order for
Winter work.

Bulbs and Roots for Winter Flowering.

Roman and other Hyacinths, Lily of the Valley, &c., <fec.

Special Flower Seeds for Present Sowing.

Bro"Wctlia Calceolaria, Cineraria Centaureas Cyclamen, Geraniums. Lobelias, Mig-
nonette, Smilax, Stocks, &c.

Myosotis, Apple G-eranium, Primulas— Double and single, Pansies, Petunias, Ver-
benias, &c., &;c., mostly of our own raising from finest named sorts.

Special Vegetable Seeds for Present Sowing.

CABBAGE— Early Summer, Jersey, Wakefield, Early Flat Dutch.

CAULIFLOWER— Early Snowball and Early Erfurt.

LETTUCE— Boston Market and Simpson.

RADISH— Black Spanish and Grey Winter.

SPINACH — New Savoy-leaved, by far the best for either Spring or Summer crop.

Special Price List of the above for Market Gardeners and Florists, sent free on application.

PETER HENDERSON Sc CO.,

SEEDSMEN AND FLORISTS,

35 CORTLANDT STREET, NEW YORK CITY

AUGUST ROLKER & SONS,

44 Dey St., New York.

P. O. BOX 899.

lorist's Supplies of Every Descriptiou.

SEEDS FRESH AND RELIABLE.

Bulbs Personalltj Selected Abroad,
SOLE AGENTS FOR

JOSEPH SCHWARTZ, in Lyons, France, Rosc-^rowcr. New catal02;ue out, will \w mailed
t)u application.

I
BOUCHARLAT AINE, in Auire Franco. Pelarironium Grower of Continent^il reputation.
AUGUST VAN GEERT, in Ghent, Belgium. We call att(Mition to his

SPECIAL OFFER OP ORCHIDS,

, Which we shall mail free on apjilication. W(^ extract

lEIIS CI3:OICE:

collection A, 12 Orchids, in 12 varieties, for, - - . Francs 75 00

B, 12 " 12 *' " - - - " 125 (K)

C, 24 '' 24 " " - - - " 125 on
" D, 24 '• 24 " " - - - " 200 00
" E, 15 " from tempered cold-house, for - - " 100 00

TAKEN AT HIS GREENHOUSES IN GHENT, BELGIUM.

TJIh: IKHnKUJI.TUUA L M) VKnTlSKir

ItfE^AT GRAPES.

Wo liavp tlip jiloa'iiiri" of HtVcriiif! two new ^co<llin(J (inipp.s,
oriKiniil<tl liy us tVntn scol mihuo Iwelvc years up). ^T^1^'K<)K,
a black llrapo, riiM-iiiiiK nboul same time as Hartford I'mlilic.
ItocilKSTKl!, a |iiiri>lo (iraiH', ri|icniiiK hrrc aliout Isi Sojitoin-
lior. f'irculars nivim; f\ill (loscriiition and prices on a|i]ilica-
lion.

EUwanger Barry, Rochester, N. Y.

5 Thousand

DOUBLE AVHITZ

Landscape Gardeners, 1 l\ 1 IVl \J jLj i\

SMITH & BUTLER,
Newport, Rhode Islan d

Plans and estimates given ( >i any part of tlie country,
nov. 12.

In rivc-incli i)ots, to tlie trade' for $35.00 per 100.

iii:.\i;rin' stihk

fim;

C. YOUNG & SONS,

toct2 1406 Olive St., St. Louis, Mo.

THE AMERICAN 200,000 TuberosGS

Steamsliip ( onijiany of I'liiladelpliia. riiiladeljiliia iV Liverpool
l.ine. The only Trans-Atlanlii- line sailing under the AlTier-
ican Flag, ■'^ailhif; evei y 'I'luusriay from 1'liiladelpliia, and
Wednesday Ironi Live! ]» ml.

THE RED STAR LINE,

Carryintr llie I'.cliiian and United States Mails. Sailinp; every
twelve days, alternately from I'hiladelpliia and New York.
Direct and oiilv

TO ANTWERP.

The American and lied Star Line^ liiint; iinder one manage-
ment, Kxcursion tii'kets are good to return Uy either, tlui.s sav-
ing the exjicnse and annoyance of rc-crossii-.g the Channel.

I'or rates of pa&sage and'gcneral information apply to
apltf PETKR Wltmur &■ SONS, Philn, OeH'l Atftn

Peach and Pear Trees.

A large Stock ; oilier Trees, a full snpplv. Price Li<t free.

EDWIN ALLEN,

Nei;^ Brunswick, N. J.

Flowering Shrubs

In great variety. We sell an assortment of lo Varieties of Popu-
lar Hardy shrubs (our selection) 3 to 4 feet, S4 per 100; $30 per
KiOO. Deutzia (Iracilis, two to three years, fine for Winter
Mooraing, ?7 per 100. Azalea Amcena, pot grown S6 per 100.
(limbing Koses, 88 per 100.

WM. H. MOON,
octi Morrisville, Pa.

WEST JERSEY NURSERIES,

WOODBURY, N.J.

GIBSON & BENNETT.

100.000 Felton's Early Prolific and Reliance Raspberry: 200,001}
Cinderella and Coniinental Strawberry Plants, direct from the
original stalk. Millions of other Plants, Trees, Ac, for sale.

*-e New Descriptive tMrcular now ready. se)i2

(iiiaranteed the finest Rulbs in^the market.
nOVtiLK, $inper JOOO t'KA UL, $95 per lono

Ready for shipment by the L'llh of Ocluber.

aug.tf. F.''GOEBELS, Memphis, Tenn.

QT'TjT'tTrrTJrT? "D TT?Q iriTTdies, largest ,Tr^,"iWsV
ulXuXi VV I^JjltxtlJlO nardy an<l Productive.

Plant this I'all and .^a\c a year, (ireat .\inerican. Monarch, Ks-
sex, Cumberland Triumph. SharpleSS, very large, new,
firm, sweet, excellent, hardy and pinduitive. Should be in every
collection. (Crescent, Pioneer, ( aji. .lai k, and others.
jnlv3. Send for ( atalogue. WM, I'AKKV, Ciniiiiiiiii-on, N..I

TOBACCO STEWISr

For Fumigating purposes for sale in bales of about I I'l
lbs., free on boat or cars at J") per bale, or three bales for $M on
one ordei".

STRAITON & STORM,

178 & ISO Pearl Street,

Nkw ^Oi'.K < I rv.

aupl-'

NURSERY

STOCK.

Tin-; LARdRST AND FINl^ST STO( K (>V I'LAIIS, PLPMS
AND ClIERRIBS IX THIS
COUNTRY.
Also, Standard Apples, (irapes, Ro.si^s and all varieties of Nur-
sery Stock of the finest quality at prices that will make it an
object for every Nursery nuui and Dealer to correspond with us
or call befiire )nircha'^iie,'.

SMITH & POWELL,

sep2 SYRACUSE, N. Y.

PLUM TREES.

KINSLEY, MINES OE T0WH3END a hardy and desirable variety
T i-ee much hardier and handsomer than the Wild-(ioose Kruit . ,
very similar and as good. If you want jiluni trees ivith beauti-
ful symmetrical heads, stems straight as an arrow, smooth and
shiny, well rooted on plum roots that never Winter kill, and at I
prices tliat will astonish you on aecoiint of their smallnoss, write i
me for prices and samjdes. Light, medium, heavy and extra
heavy trees, by the 100, 1000 or car-load.
Oct-1 A. L. SM.VLL, Kankakee, 111.

GRE(SG RASPBERRY. |

.V new black variety, very, hardy and prodiutive. One-half^
iargertUan Mammoth Cluster, and a little later. Will sujiercede
all other black-<ai>s. F,ndoi-sed by all fruit men who have tried it. i
Send for circular and price ILst. Address <;. H. MILLLR, Nor- |
wich, Mu.skin^um Co., Ohio. sep2 j

CHARTOFTHEAGl:

DOMESTIC ANIMALS.

HY A. I.I.M-T.\Rr), »t. I)., V. s.
(Amerii:mi VrMnMiy (Ulef/i'.)
In this '-(hart," which is fully illustrated and printed on
card-board, making a handsome sheet for framing, much valua^
ble information is given in a conci.se and intelligible way, en-
abling one to determine the age of Horses, Cattle, Sheep, Dogs,
and Pigs. It is what has long been wanted and often enquired
for by stock breeders, and one of these Charts ought to he hang-
ing in sight of every man who has anything to do with the man-
agement of domestic animals. The size of the Chart is21!4x2H<4
inches. Bv mail, post-paid, on rci'eipt of price, 81.00. Adarcss,
(HAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

[E)=3t?^^:bi_jIs:e3:e3Z) is4-4..]

HITCHINGS & CO.,

No. 233 Mercer Street,

Between Bleecker and West 3d Streets,

NEW YORK.

Offer their very Large Stock of

g

,/

^OlLEf\

At prices lower than at any time
within the past thirty years.

Patent Corrugated Fire Box Boilers, =^
Conical Boilers,

Saddle Boilers and
Base Burning Water Heaters;

Heating Pipes and Pipe Fittings

OF EVERY DESCRIPTION AND SIZE.

SASH-LIFTINQAPPARATUS

OF MOST ArPROVED FORMS.

Send 6 cents postage for Catalogue, Referenee&
and List of Prices.

^pOGATE^pRE-BOABo,^^

TEE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

M. M. BAYERSDORPER & CO.,

56 North Fourth Street,

PHILADELPHIA, PA.

Wo hvtz to call the iittontion of the WIlOl.KSAIJ-: ii.iJ liKTAIL TRADE ia
FLORISTS' GOODS to our well assorted stock Cor the Fall season :

BOUQUET PAPER Italiens,)

Plain White Ktlges, (iolil and Silver Edges, Pasted Cartoons. White Satin for liridal
Bouquets, Fancy J^ace Papers for Weddings, Receptions and Parlies.

IMMORTELLES,

(Original bunches, selected by one of our Firm,
and all colors.

White

DRIED GRASSES AND FLOWERS,

in >;i-cat varieties and styles; very suitable for ornamental purposes.

BASKETS,

Brown varnished Willow Baskets, Wheat Straw and WMiite Gilt Baskets.

ORNAMENTAL GRASS BOUQUETS,
FRENCH GREEN MOSSES,
TIN FOIL, Best in Market.

WIRE DESIGNS for CUT FLOWERS.

Prize Medal of Cincinnati Industrial Exposition of 1S73 ; Mtdal and Diploma of International
Exposition of 1877, "For best dispki'j of liouquet Papers."

Send orders early in Fall. Ilhistiatcd Catalogue furni.shed gratis on application. t.aug.tf

GREENHOUSES, GRAPERIES, Etc.

Their Construction a Specialty. Experience of 20 Years.

SHIPPED TO ALL PARTS OF THE COUNTRY. 5®- send for catalogue, Address

LORD S HORTICULTURAL WORKS,

.1 une tf Irvington-on-Hudson, New York.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

leautiful and distinctly striped and flaked like a Carnation. A very free bloomer; dwari
)e in every collection, frice, $1.50 Jiach.

]!lflad.'m Amelia Baltat^

Bright scarlet, beautiful and distinctly striped and flaked like a Carnation. A very free bloomer; dwari' habit; an exceUeot
bcdder. It should be in every collection, frice, $1.50 Jiach.

The finest double white Geranium in cultivation. SO Cents Each ; 5. OO per Dozen.
Large plants lifted from the ground, SO Cents Each; $3 per Doz.; $'-iO per Hundred.

Anthericum Vitatum Variegatum,

Large Plants, $1.00 Each; $10.00 per Dozen.

T^o-year oli pUata, $2.00 per dozen; $15.00 per hundred. Three-Year old, $3.00 per dozen; $20.00 per huadred.

NEW COLEUS OF LAST SPRING.

ALBION, ELDORADO, MUSAICA, PICTUS, MULTICOLOR SPLENDENS, - $1.50 per Doz,

CARNATIONS, TWELVE VARIETIES,

$2.00 per Dozen; $10.00 per Hundred.

GERANIUM, BISHOP WOOD AND JENNIE REID,

25 cents each ; $2.50 per doz.

Also a fine collection of Geraniums, including many of the new varieties of last Spring, at 81.50 per doz. ; 810.00 per hundred.

NEW WHITE HYDRANGEA, THOMAS HOGG,

25 cents each; $2.00 per dozen; $15.00 per hundred.
Catalogue mailed to all on application.

mJM. K. HARRIS^ Kingsessing Nurseries^

febi2 5501 DARBY ROAD, PHILADELPHIA.

(Late of the Firm of Kimmo and ScoUay, )

PATENT IMPROVED HOT WATER BOILERS

yor Heating Green-Uouses, Graperies, Conservatories, For-
cing Pits, Water for Baths, Drying Rooms, Public
andPrivateBuildlngs,&c.

All tie Necessary FittluEs for Hot Water HeatinE Apparatns

VENTILATION APPARATUS OF ALL KINDS.

PRIZE MEDAL AND DIPLOMA AWARDED THIS BOILER
AT WE CENTENNIAL EXHIBITION.

fl^'Please send for circular for explanation, etc., before you make up ftilimi
your mind to purchase elswhere. ^^^MhIlLl

WP12 1204 Degraw Street, near Nostrand Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.

NEYiT COLEUS,

IKElTI.T'ICOIiOR AND PICHTUS,

By the quantity in lots to sxiit,

EIGHT DOLLARS per HVNJiJtED, ONE DOLLAR per DOZ.

EDMUND M. WOOD & CO.,

««p^ 56 BROAD STREET, Boston, Mass.

THE nORTICULTURAL A l> V /: h'TISE h\

NEW PEACHES.

\Vi' luivf tin- i.l.-:i>uri' of i.lli-iiiii.'. t liis 1 .ill, ;i irw trees of the
r<>II<iwiti^' Niw I'lailu-^:--

H'aterloo. Itfiuaikaliloaiiioiij,' early I'eaclirs I'm- it.s size aixl
beauty. It has hDiiie two years, ami (irovetl larger ami earlier
than eitlier Alexander or AuimIcii. Conkllnff. Asujierb yel-
low-fleslied I'eaeh, ripeniiii; alunit a weelv after Craw ford's Early,
t'ircvilars giving full ile.seri|itioiis sent free on aiiiilieafion. Priee
S'J per tnH\ XJ^-Sih" peneral advirli.-enicni, .Vcldres-s,
Ellwanger & Barry, Rochester. N. Y.

FARM FOR SALE,

Near Worcester, Mass.

In all the bargains offered by Western railroads did yon ever
seo anything ei|ual to this.' ilo.iW an aire and the buildinfcs
thrown in (the fences on the farm cost more than this), (>.') iieres
11^ miles from deiiot ; lino woo<l lot, fiOO cords; now keeps 3 cows,
can easily be made to keej) six; mowed by machine; GO choice
fruit trees; bordered by trout brook. Cottage, G rooms, painted
and papered. Rarn :{6x36. wagon house, etc., onlv 81000, part
c;ish, balance S.50 a year. Tlie wood when marketed will pay for
the farm. Remember this is not a highly colored description,
bnt was taken from the owner right on the farm. This, with
hundreds of better farms, fully described in our list, post jiaid to
any address.

GEO. H. CHAPIN,

Herald Building, Boston.

juncG

FLORISTS'

SUPPLIES,

All kinds at very

SEND FOR PRICKS.

BULBS

Importer of
JAPAN LILIES, direct,

CALJFORSIA LILIES,

CAPE BULBS, dirpct,

JJVTCH BULBS,

J. C. VAUGHAN. 12:i Randolph Street, Chicago. Ills.

CARPENTRY MADE EASY,

OR, THE SCIENCE AND ART OF BUILDING.
ByW. E. Bkll, Architect.
A new and improved system. Specific instructions for Balloon
Frames, Bam Frames, Mill Frames, Warehouses, Church Spires,
&c. Also, System of Bridge Building, Bills, Estimates of Cost and
valuable tables. Illustrated by 38 plates and nearly 200 figures. 134
pages, 8vo, cloth. Price, J5.00. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt
of price. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

WALTER ELDER,
LANDSCAPE AND JOBBING OARDENER,

1231 Rodman Street, Philadelphia,
Attends to all branches of his business on reasonable terms.

FASHIONABLE CARDS' no two alike with
name, 10c. 20 Scroll, with name, lOc"., post-paid. Agent's
outfit 10c.
novl2 GEO. I. REED A CO., Kassua, N. Y.

nil NATIVE Alt^D EXOTIC,

A SPECIALITY.

AVERY B. GILBERT.

GARDENER TO

J. WARREN MERRILL.

Hancock Street, Cambridgeport Mass.,

offers for Sale or Exchange the Largest Stock and Variety of
Ferns, both American and Foreign, to be found in the country.

Catalogue .sent on application to any who desire to purchase.

Small plants can be sent safely by mail. aprS

25

Sear of 428 Walnut Street, Philadelphia.

.Manufiuturoof PLAIN and FANCY WIKIvWORK, for FI/)-
KISTS; Wreaths, Crosses, .Stars, Crowns, Hearts, Anchors Birds,
Lamb.s (iiijsy Baskets, Hanging Basketw, Flower Kluntls, Ac.,
latest designs.

SEND Ft)U PRICE LIST. t-feb-tf

J. B. HICKMAN'

Collector of Bulbs and Seeds of California Wild FlowerH, San
.luan, San Benito t^o., Cal. tmayti

Apple and Mazzard Cherry Stocks.

Tree Seeds and Seedlings for Tiniber I'lautalions. Large Stock
and lowest I'rices. Wholesale List Free. Addn.'ss,

J. JENKINS, Grape and Seedling Nursery,

oct. WINONA COLUMBIANA CO.. OHIO.

DECIDUOUS TREES

For Avenue, Lawn, Park and Street planting. A large ;issort-
nient of the best and most popular varieties from 8 to 20 feet
high, at greatly reduced prices.

WM. H. MOON, Morrisville, Pa.

To visit our establishment take Pa. R. R. at Kensington Depot
for Morrisville; or New York & Pbila. New Line R. R. for
Yardley Station, where conveyance may always be obtained, octl

HYACINTHS,

TULIPS,
Crocus, Lilies,

And all oilier Hulbs for planting in the
autumn; also Bulb Glasses, Fancy Fower
Pots, Fern Ciuses, Rustic Work and Winter
Flowering Plants.

The Largest and Pinest Assortment in the Country.

PRICES MODERATE.

Descriptive Catalogues mailed to all applicants free.

HENRY A. DREER,
oct-2 714 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, Pa.

BACK VOLUMES

OF THE

GARDENER'S MONTHLY

Can still be had in numbers, per year - . - - $2.10
Bound in neat cloth cases, including numbers, - - - 3.00
" Roan " "... ,3.15

Delivered postage free.
Or mail us your own numbers, and have them bound in cloth
eases for 90 cents. Returned to you bound postage free.
Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street,

PHILADELPHIA.

FOR RENT.

'Eight Greenhouses, a Dwelling House, and as much Land as
desired, within thirty miles of the city. Address, C. II. MAROT,

814 Chestnut, Phila., Pa.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

HALL

This fine, NEW .UIERICAX PEAK, origin;ite<l in Washing-
ton Co., N. Y., and is now (1878) boiiitj pvopasated and for sale
-h\ P. H. Foster, at the BABYL(1N XI^RSEKV. The tree is
moderately vigorous ; very productive; fruit rather large; bell
shaped- greenish russett; becomes yellow when ripe ; thin skin ;
flesh white; juicy, buttery ; flavor neither sweet nor sour; ten
days after the Bai-tlett ; as good a bearer and better fruit ; smooth ;
does not crack nor canker ; is always much atlmired when grow-
ing and when ripe. For furtlier details, refer to the Garden-
KR's Monthly, Nov., 1S77, page ;53G.

Thos. Meehan, Esq., says of it: "AVe can say that few Pears
excel it in flavor, and regard it as a very valuable acquisition."

75c. each. $6.00 per dozen.

P. H. Foster,

tiuig;? Babylon, N. Y.

Buy Improved Farm Tools

THE ADVANCE JR. CHILLED PLOWS

ARE THE LATEST AND BEST.

The LADOW WHEEL HARROW puts in wheat
thoroughly in trashy ground. Improved Plows, Harrows, Fod"
der-(.'utters, Farmer's Builers, Curn-Shellers, Cider-Mills, Corn-
knives, Pumps, etc., wholesale and retail. Send for circu-
lars. S. L. ALLEN & CO., 22<J Market St., Philadelphia, oct-12

AMERICAN FLOWER GARDEN DIRECTORY.

By Robert Buist.
With practical directions for the Culture of Plants in Flower-
Garden, Hot-House, Green House, Rooms, or Parlor Windows,
for every month of the year. Instructions for erecting Hot-
house, Greet house, and laying out a Flower garden. Instruc-
tion for cultivating, propagating, pruning and training the
Grape vine and description of best sorts for the open air. 342
pages, 12mo, cloth. Price SI 50. Sent by mail post paid on receipt
of price. CmvS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St. Phila.

SMALL FRUIT CULTURIST.

BY ANDREW S. FULLER.

Giving Description, History, Cultivation, Propagation, Dis-
eases, Ac.

Beautifully Illustrated.

276 pages, 12mo, cloth. Price Sl.50. Sent by mail, post-paid
on receipt Of price. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT. 814 Chestnut St.. Phila.

GARDENING FOR PLEASURE.

BY PETER HENDERSON.

A guide to the Amateur in tho

FRUIT, VEGETABLE and FLOWER GARDEN.

With full directions for tho
Greenhouse, Conservatory and 'Window-Gardeii.
Ulustrated. 250 Pages, 12mo, cloth. Price Sl.50. Sent by
mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT. 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

SELECT FERNS AND^LYCOPlm

By Benj.\min S. Williams, F.R.H.S.
Comprising descriptions of 950 choice species and varieties, Brit-
ish and Exotic, with directions for their management in the Tropical,
'i'emperate and Hardy Fernery, with numerous beautiful full-page
illustrations. 353 pages, i2mo, cloth. Price, $2.50. Sent by mail
post-paid on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

INSECTIVOROUS PLANTS.

By Chas. Darwin.

With copious descriptive contents and index. Illustrated.
462 pages, 12mo, cloth. Price S7.00.
Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

SH Chestnut St., Phila,

SO GREENHOUSES.

100,000 FEET OF GLASS

TO THE TRADE.

My Price List of Plants is now ready, and will be
foiwarded free on application.

ISCONOMY, SiMPLICTY and DURABILTY. The Prize Med.vl of
the Centennial Commission was awarded for this Boiler.
Send to us for Testimoni.vls from those who use it.

JOHN DICK. Florist,

53d. cSs 3Da,r'b3r iaoa.5., ^liala.

ROSE GARDEN.

By Wm. Paul, F. B. H. S.

Embracing History of the Rose ; formation of Rosarium ; detail-
ed account of practice for successful cultivation ; arrangement ia
natural groups of most esteemed varieties, English and Foreign,
in the most eminent Gardens ; with full description and remarks
on origin and mode of culture. Numerous illustrations. 256
pages, Royal 8vo, cloth. Price $3.00. Sent by ma'l post-paid
on receipt of price. Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

81-1 Chestnut St., Phila.

BOOK OF ROSES.

By Francis Parkman.

Description, Cultivation and Propagation. Beiutifully illus-
trated. 225 pages, 12mo, cloth. Price §1.50. S nt by mail
post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT.

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

WORKING MAN'S WAY TO WEALTH,

By Edmund Wrigley.

A practical treatise on Building Asscciaticms, tvhat they are , and
ho"duto zise tliem. 108 pages, lomo, cloth. Price, 7 ■; cents. Sent
by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

GARDENERS' DICTIONARY.

By Geo. W. Johnson, Editor of " Cottage Gardener."

Describing the Plants, Fruits and Vegetables desirable for the
Garden, and explaining the terms .nnd operations employed in
their cultivation. New Edition, with a surplement, including the
new plants and varieties. 910 pages, ismo, cloth, fine print. Price,
^3.50. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

GUIDE TO THE STUDY OF INSECTS.

By a. S. Packakd, Jk., M.D.

Also a Treatise on thobe Injurious and Beneficial to

OFS. For the use of ColUgcs, Farms, Schools and Agriculturists.

Illustrated with II plates, and 650 wood-cuts. 702 pages, 8vo,

cloth. Price, JO. 00. Sent by by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROl",

8i4Chettniit Street, Philadelphia.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

PETER HENDERSON

Oit blooms of this I'liic Carnalioii in (iiinntitiis to llic Iraili'. Also
oilier clioice I'lowiis iu tluir si'asoii.

TOWNSEND, HAMMAR &, CO.,

150 Tremont St., Boston.

Prices Current on ap{>li('nlion. toct.;;

LONDON GARDENER'S CHRONICLE

Will If uiiiii^liMl, ptwi-i^aid, dim I to sulisii ibers in the U. S.
I'T S7.50 11' y^^ur- Apply to

novy ( H.AS. H. MAUdT. .•^^:<I)t. s]) nifslimt ,«f., Phila

"second hand eooksT"

l!y Mail on RiHoipt of Price.

Speak Quickly if You Want Them.

rouMocD

«a"t'ay in your oi-der "Second-hand Llst.""Sjft

Address,'

1 00
1 00
75
1 50
75
75
75
60
75

4 00
1 00

1 00

2 00
1 50

3 00

5 00

1 25
3 00

2 00
1 50

75
1 00
1 00
price 31 20
1 00
1 00

75
1 00
1 00

Anderson's Agricultural Chemistry

Reel Culture and Beet Sugar, by Childs

Beck's New J'ook of Flowers,

Boyd's Pliiladflpbia Business Directory (1877-78)

Biiist's Family Kitchen tiardener

Christy's Chemistry of Agriculture

Chorlton's Grape Growers' Guide, 1 copy at

Copeland's Country Life

Cobbett's American Gardener

Dana's Muck Manual

Iioualdson's Manures, Grass and Farming

Downing's Rural Essays

" Fruits and Fruits Tree of America, 1 copy at
i! ','. " " ^ copy at

" " 1 copy at

•' Landscape Gardening and Rural Architecture,
" Cottage Kesideuces

Downing's Cottage Residences (8to)

Fowler's Homes lor All

Field's Pear Culture

French's Farm Drainage .

Friend's Intelli|;encer, 12 bound vols, at subscription

Fuller's Small l-ruit Cuiturist
" Grape Cuiturist

Guernon on Milch Cows .

Henderson's Gardening for Profit
•' Practical Floriculture

Horticulturist, »4 Tky., (good as new) 3 vols., 1855, 1856

and 1857, ?2.50 each , . . . 7 50

Hovey's Magazine, 17 vols, bound, (scarce) . . 17 00

vols. 1 to 30 " " . . 30 00

Johnson's Agricultural Chemistry . 2 00

Langstroth on the Honey Bee . . 1 25

Loudon's Encyclopiedia of Agriculture, i/^Tky.. 7 50

" " Gardening, " . 7 50

" " Cottage Architecture,!}^ Tky., 7 50

Liebeg's Farmers' Chemistry, i:j94 pages, 8 vo. ' . 3 60

Leibeg's Familiar Letters on Chemistry . . 1 00

Marazathy's Grape Culture and Wine Making . 4 00

Mead's " .- .. ! 3 00

McMahon's American Gardener . . 1 05

Mcintosh's Orchard, with colored plates, ,' 3 00

" Greenhouse with colored plates, . . 3 00

Money in the Garden . . x '2f,

Munn'B Practical Laud Drainer • . ! 50

Neill's I'"ruit, Flower and Vegetable Gardener's Companion 1 00

Norton's Scientific Agriculture . . 1 OO

Kew American Orchardiat

Pear Culture for Profit

Planters Guide

Quinby's Bee Keeping

Kecmelin's Vine-dresser's Manual, .

Saunder'B Domestic Poultry

Smee on the Potato Plant .

Tobacco and its Culture, Billings,

Ten Acres KnouKh

Todd's How to Make Farming Pay .

A\ arder 's American Pomology

Wocd'bClass-book ol Botany

" " " for Schools,

" Object Lctsons in ]5otany

Woodward's Rural Alt
Graperiis

CHAS. H. MA ROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila

1 00

75

1 50

1 25
75
75
75

2 25

1 00

2 00
2 25
2 50
1 00

1 25

2 00
70

1 00

sl^ ROCHESTER, N.Y. ^JLO

The l.arKCHi imd iii«>?^l ('oiii|ilcl<- SlocU of I'ruil
uiid <lrn:iiiiciitul 'I'rt-i-s in the I'. 1^. i'riced
I'litiiloMiK'M M-iit nN lullowHi No. 1, FruiiK. with
colored blate (new <'(lltloii), 15 «'tfl, ; n alu, IU tts.
No. !i, Ornamentul TriMS, etc, wiilipliile. tiS els. ;
plain. 15 CIS. No. .'I, Grienliou c ; No. 4. WiKilesul'!,
and No. 5, Catalo-uc ui K0.3CS. I'rt-L'. Addrc*a—

ELLWftNGER& BARRY. Rocker, n.y.

Deivey's Colored Fruit Plates.

Tho M-:W CAl Al.Od VfS for JH7S is now rutily,
containing some 'JOO Xriv TcstcU I'urirtieti Colored f'rotn
A'«M«re, eiiibracing all the popular I'Vuils.

ORNAMENTAL TREES, SHRUBS, ROSES. &c.
CtiltivaifU by Nitrnerytnt^ti iti thr luilnl Smitg .At-
tention has been given to SOUTllKRN, WESTERN and CALI-
FORNIA FRUITS.

Colored Fruit Plate Book No. 1, Pocket Size, • flO

" " " " Clieap Book Muslin, 6

" " " " " " Leather, . 7

Medium Plate Book, 50 plates, 8

" " 100 " 15

*®*These books contain only popular plates, and are bound so
that more plates can go in —

The Tree Agent's Private Guide, 82.50

General Nursery Catalogue, 20c each, f2 per doz., ?15 per 100
A» Kyis n'Ayi HI) to sell Elliott's Fruit Book and Elli-
ott's Land.scapk Gakdicnino. Send for Cataloouk and Cib-
CULAB. For Labels, Label Ink, Label Pencils, Wax Fruits, GlaM
Jars for putting up specimen fruits, Ac. address,
oc t2 D. M. DEWEY. Rochester, W. Y.

The Gardener's Monthly.

THE FOI^LOWINC

BACK NUMBERS

IN GOOD CONDITION.

Aug^ist,

Sep/embcr,

October,

A'oiember,

December,

January,

July,

January,

Receivable
•able for other
by mail, and

1869.

1870.
1872.

January,

December,

January,

February,

A uffusl,

January,

February,

1873.

1874.

1875.

March, 1875
January, 1876
January, 187T
February, "
March, "
A uguM, "
January, 1878
February, "
March, "

in exchange on Subscription account, or exchang-

nnmbers not in above list. Send numbers pre-paid

advise the publisher. Address,

CHAS. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

Wilson's Early Blackberry,

(Root Cuttings), OSAGE ORANGE, 1 to 2 years,SILV£R MAPLE
and APPLE SEEDL1N(;S, ASPARAGUS ROOTS, DOOLITTLE
and BRANDYWINE RASPBERRY PLANTS, PEACH TREIC8.
A LARGE STOCK of SILVER, SUGAR and NORWAY MA-
PLES, with a full line o) NURSERY PRODUCTS. For pricea

oct2] Address, DAVID BAIRD, Manalapan, N.J.

MAZZARD STOCKS.

MAHAL£B STOCKS,

APPLE STOCKS,

AND MANY OTHER ITEMS.

Price by the 1000 or by the quantity given, on application.
The season has been very favorable to the growth of these stocks
this year. Our .'took is large, and the jjlant-s fine, and we invite
correspondence from those wanting a supply. Catalogues sent
on application.

THOMAS MEEHAN,

aop-3 Gertnantown, Phila.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

2^^TJ■I^SEI^"2" c^^ibids-

j8®^Send for Circular and conditions of insertion under th
BDWnr ALLEH, iSOBT. J. HALLIDAY, Bulbs and

Nurseryman, New Brunswick, N. J. I Winter-blooming Plants, Baltimore, Md.

is reading."®^

r. B. PIESSON, noriat and

Strawberry (irower, Tarrytown, N. Y.

BELLEV0E NUESEEY CO., lA. HANCE & SON, Nurserymen and

Florists & Plant (irowers, Paterson, N. J. j Florists, Red Bank, New Jersey.

:HA3. BLACS & BBO. ICAUUEL EAFE & CO.,

Nui-aerymen, Hightstown, N. J. ! Nurserymen, Hapeville, Ga.

V. H. FOSTER, '

Nurseryman, Babylon, L. I., N. Y

FARLEV, AN3EES0N & CO.,

Nurseymcn, Union Springs, N. Y.

iPETEE HENDERSON & CO., Wholesale
Seeilsiuen and Florists, New York City.

J7 JENEINS,

Nurseryman, Winona, Ohio.

3IBS0N & BENNETT, Nursery and

THOMAS MEEHAN,

Fruit (rrowers, Woodbury, N. J. Nurseryman ATree Seeds, Germant'n, Phil.

RICHARCSON & NICHOLAS,

Nurserymen, Geneva, N. Y.

AUGUST ROLEEB & SONS,

Bulb iJealers, N. Y. City.

JAMES E. EICKETTS,

Choice drape Vines, Newburgh, N. Y.

J. C. VAUGHAN, Importer and

Dealer in Bulbs, Chicago, III.

^'FREEHOME

900,000 acres taken in fnur months by 85,000 people.
Good climate, soil, water, and building stone, and good so-
Oiety. Address, S. J. Giluiore. Land Com'r. Salina. Kansas.

CALLA LILT ROOTS.

The undersigned ofl'er to the trade upwards of 5000 choice
("alia Roots, well cured for immediate transportation.

per doz. per 100 per 1000
faHa ^f/itopi>a, extra large roots, - S2.00 f 12.50 890.00
CaHa>Et/»<opica M«na. (Dwarf Calla), 2.00 12.50 90.00
•' »• good flowering Roots

of either variety, - . - - 1.50 8.00

Small Bulblets, 81.50 per 100

Good flowering Bulbs, by mail, postage pre-paid, 82.50 per doz
For further particulars, address,

Henry Michel & Co.. Florists and Seedsmen,

aug.3. J07 y. 5th St.. St. T,ouis, Mo,

Artificial Wood Ornaments.

FOR .SALE BY

THOS. THOMPSON, SONS & CO.,

240 South Second St., Philadelphia.
JOHN DUER & SONS,

24 South Charles Street, Baltimore, Md.
JOS. WOODWELL & CO.,

Cor 2d Avenue and Wood Street, Pittsburgh, Pa.
GL^aCHER &. KUHLMAN, 534 Main St.. Cincinnati, O. [octl2

SOUTHERN ENTERPRISE

For the Development of our Material Resources, devoted to
Immigration, Southern Progress, National Prosperity Happy
Rural Life through Practical Horticulture, Elevated Agriculture
(the former being the cradle of the latter), Diversified Industries,
etc., is

PUBLISHED AT ATLANTA.'GA., FOR $1 PER, ANNUM.

S. T. Jenkins, Editor and Proprietor; J. S. Newman, Associate
Exiitor. Receive — im])art; know — be known. P>erything shall
be sacrificed to reliability. feb. 12.

GARDENING FOR PROFIT.

BY PETEK HENDERSON.

A Guide to the successful cultivation of the
MARKET AND FAMILY GARDEN.

Kew and enlarged edition. Illustrated. 270 J^iges, 12mo, cloth.
Price, 81.50. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

CLASS BOOK OF BOTANY.

By Alphonso Wood, A. M.
Being outlines of the Stnicture, Physiolog>' and Classification of
Plants ; with a Flora of the United States and Canada. 832 pages,
8to, half arabesque cloth sides. Price, ^53.50. Scut by mail post-
paid on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

BOWERS' EARLY PEACH.

This new Peach has fruited for the last three years, ripening
in 1S76, on July 4th ; in 1877, on July 10th ; and this season on
June 26th. It is a freestone of large size, some specimens
measuring over nine inches in circumference, tlesh light with
a beautifully colored red cheek and of e.xcellent quality. In
ofl'ering it for the first time to Nurserymen and Fruit Growers
we believe we are adding the most valuable contribution to the
list of early varieties that has yet been produced. We can
furnish tree^ and huds at the following prices: Trees 81.00
each, $10.00 per dozen ; buds 82.00 per 100 by mail, pre-paid.
MORRIS & MILLER, Nurserymen,

aug.3. Frederick City, Md.

NEW STRAWBERRY.

QUARPI PQQ the largest, best flavored and most pro-
OrlMnrUtiOO, dncttve berry ever produced. Berry

raised with ordinary culture from plant, set in September, 12)4
inches in circumference ; weight 2J/2 ounces. And on the same
stem four other from the size of a hickory nut to that of a
walnut. See sworn statement and recomendations in my cir-
cular. Free to all, sending their name and address on postal
card. Address, J. L. DILLON, Bloomsburg, Pa. aug..3.

Rickett^s Ne-w Seedling Grapes

LADY WASHINvtTON. The best Hardy White Grape ever
offered to the public. Also ray New Exotic Seedling BLACK
MUSCAT GRAPE, "WELCOME," the best grape in existence.
Send for New Circular and Price LisJ^ of Vine^ and Woc>d with
stamp.
toct2

JAMES H. RICKETT. ,

Newburgh, N. 1 .

A. r. CHATFIELD,

IMrORTKR .VND OROWER OF

EAST INDIAN

ORCHIDS.

PRICES ON APPLICATION.

Albany, N. Y., March 1, 187S.

mehtf

TREES! TREES!!

If vou M-ish Trees, Shrubs or Greenhouse Plants, please send
for m'y Fall Catalogue, and Price List. Address,

W.F.BAIRD, Trustee; Blooniington Nur.sory.
aug..3 Hox I. Ploomington, McLean Co., Uls.

10 THE lloliTK'UI/rUliAL ADVERTISER.

GRAPE VINES.

Also GRAPE WOOD and CUTTINGS. LARGEST STOCK IN AMERICA.

All li-iuiinn varietii-s i.i larno supply. K.xtni qiiulily. True to nami'. .Spitial rates U> .Vjjciit.s, |)im1i'is and NurstTyim-u. Our
lisl of customers now oiiiliraco.s lU'arly all the Icadinn luirserymvii in llie country, to wUoin \vc wuuld rcfor those not aei{uaintcd
with uurstoek. SescrlptlTS CaUlc^ue and Price List Frco. T. S. HUBBARD, Fredonia, N. Y. augio

FIMH fills ! FMCa f BUS !

i

All the leading market varieties grown iu large quantities, including

l;ipciiiiig .-ii'Teral davs in advance of Ainsilen. .M.so a ),'eneral stock of

FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES,

SMALL FRUIT PLANTS, Slc.

Correspondence solicited. Address *¥> \ T'^T'OkT^T? \ "^K^ Jir T^^P^T" T*

sep2 WILLOW DALE, Chester Co., Pa.

R- B XX I ST,

PHILADELPHIA,

Offers FLOWERING PLANTS of the following: New Double Azalesis, by Jean VerchafTelt, of Uelgium. K.B. flowered

them the past Winter, and cousidirs llieiii llie finest trio that has ever been oUercd. They have been awarded prizes in London,
(ihent, and Philadelphia.

EMPEROR OF BRAZIL,

Verv l)i-autiful rosv lilusli, edged with white and shaded with nd, form perfect.'

QUEEN OF PORTUGAL,

Large, pure white, very profuse of bloom, readily forced.

tie^itjuvciph: oif i:)OTJbi_j:e:] -^athziteis

Large, perfectly round petals, slightly undulated; blooms in great profusion, and ferces freely ; a great
acquisition for Bouquetists. 8L50 each ; small mailing sizes 75c. each.

SKInOVER «£ TKrililiARD,

isrxJE/SEK/"2":M:B:tT,

Dwarf and Standard I'ruit Trees, (irape Vines and Small l-'ruits, Ornameutal Trees, Kvergreuns, .Sbiiilis and Hoses.

PRICES GREATLY REDUCED.

WASHINGTON STREET NURSERIES, Geneva, N. Y.

<'orrespondenee ."Solicited. sep-2

WINDOW GARDENING. HOW TO LAY OUT A GARDEN.

By Henry T. William."^. ^^ Kdwara Kemp.

r>„ . 1 • 11 .^ .1 X w /• T^, ,^ , , A general guide in Choosiug, Forming and Improving an Es-

Devoied speeially to the Culture of Flowers and Ornamental tato (from a quarter-acre to a hundred acre, in extent , witlx

Plants (oi In-door use a>id ParorDecorahon. .Splendidly illus- reference to both design and execution. Illustrated with nu-

trated. 300 pages, med. 8vo, cloth. Price 8L50. Sent by mail serous plans, sections and sketches. 403 pages, 12nio, cloth.

post-paid on receipt ot price. p^i^e 82.50. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of pri' e.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT, " Address CHAS. H. M.\KOT.

814 Chestnut St., Phila. 814 Chestnut St.. Phila.

PARSONS ON THE ROSE. ORNAMENTAL TREES.

By Samuel B. Parsons. By Thomas Meehan.

A treatise on the Propagation, Culture and History of the An American Hand-Book, containing the personal observa-

Rose. Illustrated. 215 pages 12mo, cloth. Price $1.50. Sent, tions of the author. 257 pages, 24mo, cloth. Price 75 cts. Sent

by mail post-paid on receipt of price. by ^J^il post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. Mii ROT, '^ Address CH.A.S. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila. 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

11

Medal and Diploma awarded by the U. S. Cen-
tennial Commission, 1876, to

MITl

Manufacturers of Patent Improved

PortableCelliilai'FireBoxRetiirnFlue Boiler

AND

PATEUT PORTABLE CELLULAR FIRE BOX

Base Burner Boiler,

FOR HEATING

Greenhouses, Graj^erieSf Conservator ies, Propagating Houses, For-

cing Pits, Public and Private Buildings, Schools, Drying

Rooms, and Heating Water for Baths*

ALSO KEEP CONSTANTLY ON HAND

Expansion Tanks, Evaporating Pans, Stop Valves, Cast-iron Pipe, Elbows, Tees, Branches, Pipe
Chairs and everything necessary, of tlie best material, for Greenhouse Heating.

Smith & Lynch 's Improved Yentilating Apparatus, for opening and closing Ventilating
Sash, on roof or sides of Greenhouses and Graperies.

Judges' Report on awards, with descriptive illustrated circular containing testimonials and
reference. Also price list furnished on application to

SMITH & LYNCH,

feb.l2

BOSTON, MASS.

12

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

FRUIT SEEDS, &C.

Ma h((leb Seeds,

Mazzai'd Seeds,
Piuin Seeds, PeaehSeed, &c.

Wo shall have our usual supi)ly of those scoiis, of goo<l quality,
and oarly i-onespondi'iu'o is soliiiteil, where large qitatitUie*
nl low price$ arc roquirod.

SmkI for our Catalogues.

THOMAS MEEHAN,

"^v*-^- Germantown, Philadelphia.

NORWAY MAPLES.

W e oircr a lar^e stock of youuR and thrifty Norwijy Maples at
• he following low prices per UK):

8 to !i feet high 1 to I'l inch diameter, S20

9 to 10 " '^ 114 tolU " " 8;{0
11 to U " " 134 .' .. J50

Pycamore and .Silver Maples, a large and fine young stock , nil
sizes, at low prices. Al.so a general list of deciduous evergreen
and fruit treos, nlant.s, shrub.s .and vines usually kept in good
nurseries. ."Send for descriptive eatalougc.

Old Westbury, Long Island.

top-l

TO FLORISTS,

CARNATION BLOOMS

In large quantities are offered to Florists the coming season.

sep.tf

THOS. F. SEAL,

yyioyviLLE, Chester co., pa.

NKW PEACH.

SALLIE WORRELL
Freestone; delicious flavor; usual size 12 to 14 inches in circum-
ference; small pit.

Bubs this Summer .it 81.00 per 100; small sized trees next Fall
ot 50c each ; Dormant buds at 25c. each ; all by mail securely
packed in moss. Address,

C. ^V. WESTBROOK,

Bept2. NURSERIES AND FRUIT FARM, WILSON, N. C.

Orchid Grower's Manual

HY liKNJ. F. WILLIAMS, F. B. II. 8.

Containing descriptions of 930 Species and Varieties of
Orchidaceous Plants with notices of times of flower-
ing, approved modes of treatment and practical instructions on
general culture. Remarks on heat, moisture, soil, seasons of
growth and rest suited to the several species.

FinH EDITION ENLARGED WITH COLORED FRONTISPIECE,
and numerous beautiful illustrations, 336 Pages 12 mO
Cloth. Price, $3.50- Sent by mail, postage free on re^
ceipt of price.

4th edition of the above work also on hand, 300 pages 12 mo.
cloth, illustrated. Price S2.50. Sent my mail, postage free ou
receipt of price. Address, CHAS. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St.,

Phila.

By Edward Spkague Rand, Jr.

A treatise on Hardy and Tender Bulbs and Tubers. 369 pages,
12mo, cloth. Price, §2.50. Sent by mail poet-paid on receipt of
price

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT.

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

A Kr.ORi.sT'.M F.sTAiiMSiiMKrrr with !>}4 atrrj ot land, 8ituat«d
1}^ miles from the rliy »{ HuUinwre, near Waverley. Thoro are
nine /louseji containing about "/>00 /fcl of plax.i, aiid also about
•l,00(t fret in pits and frntrn't. Tho i)lai'p i-* fully stocked for the
Winter Cut-JlouuT Trade, ArnX with an tiliuiuUml .iloric for propaga-
tion for Spring Tra<ie. The /iohjrj are luainly heatui by two of
Dicks' hoiltrs and lS,O0/ee< of i-inch pipinq, so that any roouired
heat for Winter Jorcinrj can be maintained. The cn/irc i/ocK goes
with the i)lace. Dwelling, stable and barn are in good order. To a
resftonsiblc and enterprising gardener, the terms will bo made con-
veuient. For further partfculars, address,

E. HOEN,

75 Second St.f Baltimore,

CLEMATIS

JACKMANNII FLAMMULA. and other sorts. Dicentra gpectabllU
Astilbo japonica, large plants; Dapne indica. Oranges, Calla*,
Carnations, Bouvardiaa and Violets. Roses grown in Pots. For
Prices apply to

GERALD ALTORFER,

ct2 IT EST CUKSTKH, PA.

HAND-BOOK

PRACTICAL LANDSCAPE

GARDENING.

BY r. K. ELl.IuTT.

Designed for City and Suburban Residences, and Country
School-Houses"; containing designs for lots and grounds, from
a lot 30 by 100, to a forty-aore plot. Each plan is drawn to scale,
with schedule to each, showing where each tree, shrub, Ac,
should be planted; condensed instructions for forming and caring
for lawns; building of roads; turfing, protection, pruning and
care of trees; making cuttings, evergreens, hedges, screens, Ac.
Condensed descriptions of all the leading trees and shrubs; soil
and position in which they should be grown. Illustrations of
ground plans, elevations, trees, shrubs, winter gardening, Ac.
96 pp., 8 vo. cloth. Price 81.50. Sent by mail on receipt of price.
Address,

CHAS'H.^MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., PhiU

JUST RECEIVED FROM EUROPE

Kew and cholco Unds of prize Florist Flower Seeds for Autumn sowing

Primula .Sinensis, mixed in 4 varieties, . . - 2J)C

Cyclamen Persicura Grandiflora, extra tine, - - .'Wo

Cinerari, finast prize, . . . . . 25o

Pansy, extra fine snow, . . . . . 26o

Gloxinia, prize kinds mixed, . . . . 26o

Tuberous Bergenias, extra, ----- 26o

Calceolaria, very fine, . . . . . 25o

Mimulus, extra large and fine, . - . - 25c

One Packet of each, for - - - . . ja.OO

x>.r^:cs7x:sxj s..^i^Ee:sx:£S', Florist,

sep2 Norfolk, Va.

The Native Flowers and Ferns of the
United States.

EDITED BY THOMAS MEICHAN.
Superbly Illustrated by Chromo Lithographic Plates. The
best, cheapest, and mo.st attractive botanical book ever published.
Published by L. PRANG A CO., Boston. Sold Only by subscrip-
tion. A few experienced Cauvii^sens wanted.

CHARLES ROBSON, General Agent,
oct-tf 723 Sansotn Street, Philadelphia.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

13

PRIMULAS, CYCLAMENS, Etc.

Now ready.
Primula Sinensis Fimbriata,

Per 100
. $4 00
Alba, . ■ • 6 00

" " " Kermesina Splendens, - 6 00

The above are from setxls of the first quality, producing
large flowers, handsomely fringed or fimbriated.

Primula Sinensis Alba Plena, Doubie;,white,

Hlrong Plant, S20 00

Clyclamen Persicum, second 8ize,sio.oo,firstsize, is oo
Violet Belle de Chatenay, fine new Double

White, ' 15 00

Poinsettia Pulcherrima, first size 82.00 per 10,

from 4-ineh pot-s, 10 00

Also, our usual choice stock of Greenhouse Plants. Fall Cata-

louges, &o., on application. Address, W. F. BAIRD, Trustee

Bloomington (Phceuix) Nursery and Garden, Bloomington, 111.

8ep-2

LARGE AND FINE STOCK OF

Norway Maples, - 6 to 12 ft. American Arborvitse, 1 to 7 ft.
Sugar " - 5 to 14 " Siberian Aborvitte, 1 to 5 "

Silver " - 8 to 12 " American Linden, 5 to 12 "

Norway Fir, - - 1 to 8 " Irish Juniper, - - 1 to 6 "
Balsam Fir, - - 1 to 6 "

Persons wishing to plant lai-gely will find it to their advan-
tage to enquire our prices before buying elsewhere. Also a
general Nurserv Stock, including FRUIT, SHADE and EVER-
GREENS, GREENHOUSE PLANTS, ROSi:S, &c.

The Nursery within two minutea walk of R. R. Depot at Chris-
tiana.

Bep-2

W. p. BRINTON,

Christiana, JCaneester Co., Pa.

STANDARD PEARS A SPECIALTY.

We offer the largest and best stock of

STANDARD PEARS

In the country. Also a full assortment of Extra and FirSt"
Class Nursery Stock. Prices low. Address,

RIOHAEDSON & NICHOLAS,

ang.tf. C3-EXTE-^.i^, IST. "Z",

ASPARAGUS CULTURE.

The Heat Methods Employed in England and France.

By James Barnes and Wm. Robinson, F. L. 8.
Illustrated, 23 pages, 12 mo, paper. Price 20 cents. Mailed,
postage free, on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,
814 Chestnut St., Phila

GARDENING BY MYSELF.

By Anna Warner.

Containing Hints and Experiences under heading of eaek
month in the year. Illustrated. 16mo, 223 pages, cloth. Price
$J..26. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

BOOK OF EVERGREENS.

By Josiah lioopes.

A practical treatise on the Conifrrie or Cone-bearing plants.
Handsomely illustrated. 43.5 pages, 12mo, cloth. Price jy.oo"^
Sent by mail post-paid ou receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., PhUa.

GRAPE CULTURALIST.

By Andrew S. Fuller.
A treatise on the Cultivation of the Native Grape. Illu.strated.
286 pageS; 12ino, cloth. Price 81.30. Sent by mail post-paid on
receipt ol price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

SAUL'S

WASHINGTON, D. C.

The undersigned offers a fine stock of the following at low
rates.

Japanese Persimmon or Kati, 8 Choice Varieties.

FEARS. — Souvenir du Congress, Pitmaston Duchesse, and oilier

new sorts, Ac, a heavy slock of fine trees.
NEW PEACHES. — The New Early Varieties, also the New
Very Late Sorts.

Fruit Trees of all kinds

An Extensive Stock, viz:

PLUMS, CHERRIES, APRICOTS, APPLES,
suitable to the SOUTH, kz.
GRAPE VINES, STRAWBERRIES, RASPBERRIES,
&c., new sorts Evergreens, New Ornamental Trees, New
Shrubs, &c,, Small Sizes, suitable for Nurserymen a.s weii
as large stock in great variety.

DUTCH BULBS.

L.arge importations direct from the leading growers in Hol-
land. First qu.ality bulbs: Hvaciutbs, Lilies, Tulijw, &c. New
and rare Greenhouse Plants, Winter Blooming Plants.

PELARGONIUMS.— A Large Stock of the ncw choice va-
rieties.
NEW ROSES.^Duchess of Edinburg, Perle des Jardins

&C.f with an immense stock of finest varieties grown iu

pots in open ground.
New Wistarias, New Clematis, Geraniums, Primulas,

Catalogues mailed to applicants.

septs JOHN SAUL, Washington, D. C.

CAMELLIAS.

A fine stock of the above, well set with buds^ clean, hcilthy
plants, ranging from 18 inches to 4 feet high. Having a surplun
stock I will sell at a low figure. Also, 24 new Chrysanthemums,
Pompone, large flowering, and Japanese; and 24 new l)ouble
ZonaJe Geraniums. List with prices sent on .ipplication.

R. SCOTT,

eept 3 755 .South 19th St., Philadelphia.

SHARPLESS STRAWBERRY.

The largest and be^t Ra.spberries, 151ackb(>rrics, Fruit Troc.Sj
Vines and Plant,s. Send for Catalouge-i.

WM. PARRY,

Bep-3 Cinnaminson, N. J.

CHOICE STOVE mO GREENHOOSE PLUITS,

By Benj. S. Williams, F. K. H. S.

With descriptions of upwards of eleven hundred species and
varieties. Instructions for their cultivation and modo of manage-
ment. Illustrated with colored frontispiece and numerous
splendid illustrations. 686 pages, 2 vols., I'imo, cloth. Price
$6.00. Sent by mail post- paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT.

814 Chestnut ,St , Phila.

HOW PLANTS GROW.

By A.sa (J ray, M. D.

A simple Introduction to Structural Botany, with a Popular
Flora, or an arrangement and description of Common Plants,
both wild and cultivated. Ilhi-strated with 500 wood engravings.
2;i3 pages, largo Ifimo, half-arabesque, pa-per sides. Price 81 25.
Sent by wuil post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Pliilft.

14

Till-: iioirncuLTUUAL ADVKirnsEK.

CLUB PAPERS AT NET PRICES,

A LPHABETICALLY A lillA SGED.

TO REMIT IN CLUBBING

any of tlie fi)llowin«^ list with tin
GARDENER'S MONTHLY,
SoUct such as you wish, fool up the prices annexed, and add TWO DOLLARS
for tlie MONTHLY to the total.

\inoricaii Ajiriciiliuvist

?1 2(1

Artisan \ 'i''

Huiliier
Kiiniier

2 (iO
1 :i5

Journal of Microsfojiy S^

Naturnlist •; -;*

odd Fellow 1 ^"

2 oO

Ain.leton'.s .lournal - •-

Arthur's Honii" Magazine 1 »»

Atlantic Monthly •' f

r.ii-tnii Cultivator ^ ™;

Ituilding Association Journal.... '■_>

Societies (iazPttc, London, Lngland 1 ao

Hack's Countv Intclliueiiccr, old subscrihcrs, 82.60, new 2 10

(■ulitoruia Horticulturist.. 2 75

Central Union Agrieulturi.st and Chromo 1 /'_'

( hildren's Friend | '^l

Hour 1 If

< ol.mau's Kurul World 1 'j'^

C^iuntrv (ieiitleman - l

Deiiiorest's Magazine ■ ^ ^^

ICdectict Magazine ? IjL'

laruK-r's Home Journal 1 fp

1 arm Journal .• -^

Frank Ix'slie's Ladies' Magazine f lU

" Review ^ i"

Ccrmautown Telegraph, old subscribers, S2.50, new 2 20

(..Kiev's Lady Hook 2 lo

(.raiihic, (Daily), per year 9 SU

Hall's Journal ol Health 1 SO

Harper's Bazar ^ *^

" Magazine >> ^^

" Weekly 3 35

Herald of Health!........' ^ '50

Hn, Heboid «•>

Iowa Homestead ' ""

Journal of (.'heniistry | IJJ

Journal of Materia Medica i }^_

Kansas Farmer ••■ J '^

Lady's Floral Cabinet, with Chronic 1 pi

Ijatlles' Kepository .•. 'f ^

Leslie's Lady's Journal ''' *"'

Lippincott's Magazine 3 10

Littell's Living Age "' 60

London Garden 5 'Jl

Ijondon Gardener's Chronicle 7 oO

Maine Farmer 2 10

Manufacturer and Builder 1 85

Marvland Farmer 1 •'5

Ma.ssachusctt's Floughman ^2 do

Metropolitan 1 8r>

Milling Journal 1 M

Moore's Kural New Yorker 2 li'i

Nation 4 75

National Baptist 2 S.")

New Kngland Fanner 2 IW

" " jromoslcad 2 10

New York ICvangelist 2 CO

" " Methodist 2 20

" " Herald Weekly 1 Co

" " Post Weekly. $1.40, Semi-Weekly 2 60

" " Times, Weekly, S1.40; Semi-Weekly 2 6(»

" " Tribune, Wcelv!v, 81.40; Semi-Weekly 2 Go

" " World, Weekly, S1.40; Senii-W'eekly 2 Co

North-Western I'armer 1 Id

Nursery 1 20

Ohio Farmer 1 'M)

Our Home Journal 2 2fi

I'ark's Floral Gazette 4o

Penn Monthly 2 In

Peter's Musical Monthly 2 Go

Peterson's Magazine 1 70

Pliiladclpliia Weekly Press 1 60

Philadelijbia Weekly Times 1 :ir,

Phniioln-ical .lournal 1 CO

Poultry World 1 00

Poultry WorM, colored plate edition 1 7.'>

Poiiular Science Monthly. ., ■. 4 20

Practical Fanner, (Weelvl>»'.) 160

Prairie Farmer 1 60

Purdy's Small Fruit Recorder 8,5

Saint' Nicholas 2 60

Saturday Kveuing Post 1 7.5

Scientific American 1 75

Scientific Farmer 8.5

, Scribner's. Monthly .3 4.5

I Southern Cultivator 1 8.5

Southern Planter and Farmer 1 8.'>

Vick's Hlustrated Monthly Magazine 95

I Waverly Magazine 4 65

] Western Agriculturist 85

Western Farmer 1 80

I " Kural 1 50

W'orking F'armcr 1 10

Young Folk's Monthly 95

Young Scientist 40

Youth's Companion, new subscribers, $1.40; old suliscribers 1 75

The above includes postage under the now U. 8. Law requiring prepayment of postage before
mailing.

After subscription to a club paper through this agency, report non-receipt of your number.<t
and other causes of dissatisfiiction, irregularities of mails or changes of residence, onhj to .wid
paper direct (not to this office).

Remit by. P. 0. Oi-der, Draft or Registered Letter. Currency is at risk of mails.

If you wish a receipt or reply, enclose postage stamp for that purpose, otherwise the club papers will be considered a sufficient,
receipt .

Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVE im^E R.

15

SITUATIONS WANTED.

As I'tofnigafor, by an oxpeiionced man in the business'
Tnderstands the growing of hard and soft wood, and is a
successful grower of roses. AVould take a tirst-class private
place. Sixteen year.s experience in the business. Address, Pro-
pagator, l^ock Box 124, Geneva, Ontario Co., N. Y.

AS gardener, by an active young married man, (no children)'
anytime after October first ; in a commercial or private
place ; has had eight years experience both with and without glass;
first-<']ass references". Address, "Cxriikn-kk," care A. Ilanee &
Son, Ked Bank, N. J. oct-tf

AS proprigator and foreman in a conimercial establishmenti
by a single man; is fully com]iet(Mit and will give satisfac-
tion to employer; has 14 years experience in this cimntry, and
will lie found" agreeable with family if wanted. Address G.\R-
DKNi.ii, Waban Conservatories, Natick, Mass.

BY a single man as gardener in a private or connnercial estab"
lishnient. Thoroughly understands the jjropagating and
growing of all kinds of ]ilants, fruits, and vegetables and every-
thing connected with the business. Most satisfactory references
given. No objection to any jiart of the country. Address, K. B.,
Irardener, Afton House, To IMonroe St., Chicago, 111.

BY a first-class florist and cut-flower man; ten years experi-
ence in (iermany, France, Belgium and ICngland ; and seven
vears in this country; able to run anv florist jilace; (not mar-
ried). Address "G. B.," Box 3il.'!, Hamilton, Ohio.

By a single man, thoroughly competent to take charge of a
]irivate e.stablishment. The propagation and growing of all
kinds of plants, fruits and vegetables. Forcing, Ac, thoroughly
understood. The best of references can be given. Address,
Samuel Baird, care Jno. Dick, .58rd and Iiarby Road, Phila.

WANTED a situation as gardener, by a single man (Scotch-
man) thoroughly acquainted with all the branches of the
business; 2o years experience, with first-class reference. Apply
or address, T. O., care of William Sutherland, 21.st St., below
(ireen, Phihi.

WANTED by the first of October, or sooner, a situation by a
sober, industrious man as public or private gardener, un-
der.stands the cultivation of flowers, fruits and vegetables, in and
out door grapes, &c. Married, no children. Address, F. P. F.,
Forist, Carroll, Baltimore Co., Md. sep-2

ARITHMETIC MADE EASY.

ROPP'S EASY CALCULATOR

Is a new publication that must prove of incalculable benefit to
I'armers, Mechanics and Business Men. It is so rapid and origi-
//'(/ as to startle the most scholarly, and yaX so simjile :\n(\ prac-
tiral that the most illitenite in figures can hixUin/aneiD/.i/)/ become
his own ac'countant. It enables thousands to avanuplUh in a
minute what they could not /earn to calculate in many months.

The first part containing an entirely new nystem of Table-s,
which shows (7/ n ^r/aHCf the exact values of all kinds of tirain,
Stock, Hay, Coal, Lumber, Merchandise, etc., from one pound up
\ri s, car load, una for any price which the market is likely to
Teach ; the interest on any sum for any time at 6, 7, 8 and 10 per
cent.; (orrect measurement of all kinds of Lumber, Saw Logs,
( istcrns, Tanks, Granaries, Bins Wagon Beds, Corn Cribs; a
Tinu", Wages, and many other valuable tables.

The Second part is a practical Arithmetic, and embodies a
simple niatbcMiatical principle which enables amj one familiar
with the funilamental rules to become a lif/fitniiir/ calculator ; and
by which over twrj-llrirdx of the figures and labor required by the
ordinary methods, and fractions with their intricacies, are en-
tirely avoided.

The work is nicely ju-inted on fine tinted paper, is well and
elegantly bound in iiocket-book shuiie and is accompanied by a
Silicate Slate, MeiiK.randum and Pocket for paper. It is by "far
the most complete, comprelieiisive and convenient pocket manual
over i)ublislie<l.

Prices Bound in Russia Leather, Gilded,
S2.00, Morrocco, SI.50; Fine English Cloth,

SI.OO. '^''nt post-paid on i-eccjpl of i>riee. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT,

SM < iiicsTNir Si., Phila.

Mannal of Botany of Itie Norttern Uiiiteil Stales.

By Asa Gray.
Including the district cast of the Mississippi and north of Carolina
and Tennessee. Arranged according to the Natural System. Illus-
trated with so plates of Sedges, Grasses, Ferns, &c. 703 pages,
Svo, half-arabesque cloth sides. Price, JS2. 25. Sent by mail post-
ipaid on receipt of price.

Addre-ss, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia

NEW AND STANDARD BOOKS

ON

ARCHITECTURE,

AND

AG-RICULTURE,

Sent post paid on receipt of price.

Woodward's Artistic Drawing Studies $ 6 06

Woodward s Ornamental and Fancy Alphabets 6 00

Woodward's Country Homes 1 OC

Woodward's Cottages and Farm Houses 1 00

Woodward's Country and Suburban Houses .. 1 00

Woodward 8 Graperies, Ac ' OO

Woodwards Designs for the Fret Saw... '.'." 50

Woodwards Natioua 1 Architect, Vol. One 7 50

Woodward s National Architect, Vol. Two 7 50

Wheeler's Homes f.jr the People 2 00

Wheeler's Rural Homes ." 150

Copley's Standard Alphabets '..'.', 3 00

Jacques' Manual of the House ' 1 00

Monckton's National Stair Builder 5 00

Monckton's National Carpenter and Joiner 5 00

Rural Church Architecture 4 00

Hussey 8 National Cottage Architecture 4 00

Cupper's Stair Builder 2 50

Eveleth's School House Architecture..!! 4 00

Harney's Barns, Out Buildings and Fences.. .. 4 01

Jacques Garden. Farm and Barn Yard 1 50

Todd 8 Young Farmer's Manual, 3 Vols 4 50

Vol. 1, Farm and Workshop 150

" 2, Profitable Farming 150

T<ii- *»-"t ^' ^^''^^^t Culture 150

Elliott s Lawn and Shade Trees 100

Fuller s Forest Tree Culturist '.. 1 00

Randall's Practical Shepherd 2 00

WlUard's Practica 1 Dairy Husbandry 3 00

WiUard's Practica 1 Butter Book 1 00

Lewis' Practic:il Poultry Book 150

Ten Acres Enough 1 oo

How to Get a Farm, &c ' 1 00

Our Farm of Four Acres !' 60

Flax Culture 10

Husmann 8 Grapes and Wine, ..!!!!!!!!."...'!!' 1 00

Phins Grape Culture 1 oO

Thomery System of Grape Culture 30

Frank Forester's Field Sports, 2 Vols 4 0)

Frank Forester's Fish and Fishing 2 50

Frank Forester's Young Sportsman's Manual, 2 00

Frank Forester's American Game 150

Practical Trout Culttire 100

The Breechloader ' 125

TheDeadShot. The Gun '.',!!! 125

The Crack Shot. The Rifle 125 ■

Frank Forester's Horse of America, 2 Vols.,,, 5 00

Horse Portraiture — Training Trotters 2 DO

The Dig— Breeding, Breaking. &c 3 GO

Wallace's American Trotting Register 1') 00

Wallace's American Stud Book,.... 10 00

Gun, Rod and Saddle , 1 OO

Addbess, "^

CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Philaddphin.

DUTCH BULBOUS ROOTS.

.\ large and splendid Cfillection of

HYACINTHS,
TULIPS,

LILIUMNS,

AMARYLLIS,

CROWN IMPERIAL,
NARCISSUS,

CROCUS, &c., &.C.,

Descriptive and i)rieed ( atalou;4e with directiiuis for -uUiva-
tion .sent free to all apiilieants.

BRIDGEMAN'S

HORTICULTURAL ESTABLISHMENT,

sep-2 S*78 Broadway, New York.

16

THE HORTICULTURAL Mf V E RTISE It.

Index to Advertisements.

A(lv(>rtisoi-s (jrc rff/HW^rd /o have orders in hmvl as IUki.Y as
ro-isiiil.K. (hpy rrceivfd nflfr the lid of each muiith ruiinut be is-
MlKKl) insertion in the next issue.

Ai'holisCeo., West Choster, I'x •<•

Allpii ICdwin, New Brunswick, N.J 'i

Allen .S. I>. A Co., Philadelphia, Pa "

.MloiiVr (icralil. West ("liiMtor, I'a. 1-

Itairii \V. !•'., HKioniiiiiiloM, 111 'J, 1><

Haird l)iivid, Mnnalapan, N. J 8

Harkor [>aniol, NinlVilk, Va 12

Havirsilorfor .M. .\t. A Co. Philadelphia 4

Hrvant .1. M., I'hiladclphix Fly-leaf

Hrinton W. P (hrlNtiana, Pa I^

Hridtioiuan's. New York IS

Hiii.-t !{.. Pliihulelphia 10

ChatlJild .\. v., Albany, N. Y 0

Chapin Ci. II., Boston, Mass o

Collins .lolin S., Moorcstown, N. J 16

(.'owiii N., New York 16

I>owfy I). M.. Uoehestcr, N Y 8

Diik ,'lohn, Philadelphia. 7

IMllon .1. L.. HlooMist.uip, Pa 9

Preer Henrv. Philudelphja, Pa 6

KKl.r Walter, Philadelphia 6

KllwanKCr >t Harrv, Kochester, N. Y 'i, C, «

I'ost. r P. H., Babylon, N. Y "

<;il)*>ii ^<: Bennett, \Voo<Ibury, N. J 2

< .ilniore S. J., Salina, Kan 9

tila-cher and Kuhlnian, Cincinnati, 0 9

liahels I'"., Memphis, Tenn 2

Harris Wui K., I'hiladelphia 5

Hews A. II. & Co., Cambridge, Mass Cover

Hoeu K., Baltimore. 12

lleii'lorson Peter A Co., New York 1

Hickman J. B., San Juan, Cal 6

Hicks Isaac <t Sons, Old Westbury, L. 1 12

Hiuhing.s & Co., New York 3

Hubbard T. S., Kredonia, N. Y 10

Jenkins J., Winona, Ohio 6

Kelsov F. W., Rochester, New York Fly-leaf

1-andfelh, David i .Sons, Philadelphia Fly-leaf

Ix>rd's Horticultural Works, Irvington-on-the Hudson, N. Y.. 4

Lvnex R., Philadelphia 6

Idarot Cha-s. H., Philadelphia, 2, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, i:}, 14, If., 10...

Fly-leaf, cover

Meehan Thos., Gennantowu, Phila 8, 12

Merrill J. Warren, Cambridgeport. Mass 6

Michel Henrv & Co., St. Louis, Mo 9

Miller S, H.. Norwich, O. 2

Moon Wm. H.. Morrisville, Pa 2,6

Morris & Miller, Frcderickj Md 9

Simmo Ale.v., Brooklyn, N. Y 5

Nursery Cards 9

Parrv, Wm., Cinnaminson, N. J 2,13

Pars')ns & S<jns Co., Flushing, N. Y Cover

Parsons R. B. A Co., IHushing, N. Y' 16

Rakestraw A Pyle, Willow Bale^ Pa 10

Reed (jeo. I. A Co., Nassua, N. \ 6

Richardson A Nicholas, Geneva, N. Y 13

Rickett James H., Newburgh, N. Y 9

Robson Charles, Philadelphia 12

Roe E. P., Cornwall-on-the-IIudson, N. Y 16

Bolker Augurt A Sons, New York 1, Fly-leaf

Saul John, Witshington, D. C 13

Seal Thos. F., Fnionville, Pa. 12

Selover A Willard, Geneva, N. Y 10

Scott R., Philadelphia 13

Situations Wanted. 15

Small A. L., Kankakee, 111 2

Smith A Butler. Newjwrt, R. 1 2

Smith A Lynch. Boston, Mass 11

Smith A Powell, Syracuse, N. Y 2

Southern Enterprise, Atlanta, Ga 9

Straiton A Storm, New York. 2

Thorburn J. M., New York Fly leaf

Townsend, Ilammar & <,'o., Boston. 8

Tran.son P. A E., New York Cover

Vaughan J. C., Chicago, III 6

Watson William, Brenham, Texas 16

WeHbrook C. W., Wilson, N. C 12

Wo<xi Edmund M., Boston. 5

Wright Peter A Sons, Philadelphia 2

Young C. A Sons, St. Ix)uis, Mo 2

FOR"SITUATIONS WANTED-^ecpagelS.

Flowering Camellias,

We are this ypiir again able to ofler very fine planla,

WITH A GREH ABUNDANCE OF fLOWEB BUDS.

Purchiusers will lind Ih.tt the llowc-rs will return much more
than the cost of the plants. Among the budded sorts are

m PLENA m OTHEK Ml WHITES,

.\s well as the best loliircd kinds. I'dr piiccs a'idress,

R. B. PARSONS & CO., '

BOX 99.
JSBEFOM^lTYiNG GLASS." ESTIMATES

t 'saaa-iOH 'sasnoH-ioH 'sardadYHO •<

yE W SE ED L rNfif R i S PB E li li Y

E"D T5 rk T7 ' C PRIDE OF THE

Awarded "1st ini/.c'" by the Boston Jlurticultural Society; also
all the new and standard vaiicties. October is the best time to
set out Raspberries.

•GOLD MEDAL"

The new and standard kinds true to name.
Currants, Gooseberries and Blackberry plants. Send for catii-
logue. Address E. P.vROE,

COKNWAI.L-<J.N-THI>HlDSON, 0K.\N<;K CO., N. Y.

Foreman Wanted.

A first-class out-door working foreman, one who is well up In
the propagation of Fruit Tree.s, and hardy ornamental iiurse.ry
stock, and is willing to do what he is told. Location very
health V. Good wages to a gofxl man. Address, stating wage^.
wantwi. WILLI A.M WATSON,

oct-2 Rosedale Nurseries, Brenham, Texas.

WANTED.

A single man who tlioroui,'lily understands the propagation of
Roses, growing of cut-flowers, bedding jilants, Ac. Must bring
first-class recommendations. Address, C. II. M.VROT,

.S14 Chestnut St., Pliilada.. Pa.

LAWN AND SHADE TREES.

By F. R. Elliott.

Deciduous and Evergreen Trees and Shrubs, for planting In
Parks, Garden-i, Cemeteries, &c., &c. Illustrated. 125 pages,
i2mo, cloth. Price, J1.50. Seat by mail, post-paid, on receipt of
price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

APPLE, "CHERRY," PEACH, AND PLUM

T.REES.

LARGE MAPLES, "EVERGREENS," Etc.

At low rates. Catalogues sent free.
Address, Geo. AciinLLs, West Chester, Chester Co., Pa.

Strawberry Plants,

FOR FALL PLANTING, IN POTS OR OUT.

Pi:icK List .sk.vt Fkkk.

augtf JOHN S. COLLINS, Moorestown, N. J.

RURAL. AND PRACTICAL BOOKS, (and any others in the market not on this list) will be
sent by mail, post paid, on receipt of price. Address Cii.vs. H. M.vrot, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

Allen's, R. L., Diseases of Domestic Animals $1 00

Allen's, L. F. Rural.Arehiteuture 1 50

Allen's L. F., American Cattle '^ SO

Allen's, R. L. A' L. F . New American Farm Book 2 50

Allen's, R. L., American Farm Book 1 50

American Bird Fancier, (Brown's) jJO

American Weeds and Useful Plants 1 "5

Apple Culturist, S- E. Todd 1 50

Art of Propagation, (Jenkins) 50

Art of Saw Filing To

Art of Grafting and Budding 2 00

Architect k Builders' Pocket Companion, tuck.S2.cloth. 1 55

Architecture, ilodern American, Cummings & Miller... 10 00

Asparagus Culture, paper. 20

Baker's Fruit Culture 4 00

Bassett on Cranberry Culture 30

Jennings' Cattle Doctor SI 75

Jennings' on the Horse and His Diseases 1 75

Jennings' Sheep, Swine and Poultry 1 75

Johnson's (lardeners' Dictionary 3 00

Johnson's How Crops Feed 2 00

Johnson's How Crops Gr«w 2 00

Johnson's Peat and its Uses 1 25

Johnson's Elements of Ag. Chemistry and Geology 1 50

Johnson's J. S. W., Agricultural Chemistry , 1 75

Kemp's Landscape Gardening 2 50

Klipparl's Farm Drainage 1 75

Langstroth, Rev. L. L.. on the liive and Honey Bee... 2 00

Leeds' History of the United States 1 50

Lcuchars' How to Build Hot-Houses 1 75

Leibig's, Justus, Familiar Lectures on Chemistry 75

Louden's Encyclopedia of Plants 21 00

Harry's Fruit Garden 2 50 i Lyman's Cotton Culture 1 50

■^ ""^ Mayhew's Practical Book-keeping for farmers 80

jMechanics' Companion. (Nicholson) 3 00

Meehan's Ornamental Trees- 75

Miles on the Horse's Foot 75

Miner's T. B , Bee-keeper's Manual 1 25

^lohr on the Grape-vine 1 00

Monpy in the Garden 1 50

.... 1 25 ] My Vineyard at Lakeview 1 25

2 50 Mv farm of Edgewood 1 75

My Ten-rod Farm 50

North American Sylva, 5 vols. ,156 col. plates in 30 parts,

unbound .....60 00

Half Turkey Aaticiue, gilt 70 00

full " " 75 00

Nichol's Chemistry of the Farm and Sea 1 25

Norton's, John P., Elements of Scientific Agriculture. 75

Norris' Fish Culture 1 75

Onion Culture 20

Our Farm of Four Acres 1 '£>

PacKard's Guide to the Study of Insects cloth 6 00

Parks and Gardens of Paris.... — 7 50

Paul's Book of Roses tiO

Paul's Rose Garden 3 00

" " colored plates 5 50

Paxton's Botanical Dictionary 15 00

Pardee on Strawberry Culture 75

Parkmnn's Book of Roses 1 50

Parson's Samuel B., on the Rose 1 50

Peat and its Uses 1 25

Pear Culture, Fields 1 '25

Fodder's, James, Farmers' Land-measure Oi)

Percheron Horse 1 00

Peterson's Preserving, Pickling and Canning Fruit 50

Phin's Open-air Grape Culture and Wine Making 1 50

Bell's Carpentry made easy 5 00

Bement's Poulterers' Companion 2 00

Bement's Rabbit Fancier 30

Beet Root Sugar 1 50

Bicknell's Village Builder, 77 plates 12 00

IJommer's Method of Making Manures 25

Boussingault's J. B., Rural Economy 1 60

Breck's New Book of Flowers

Bridgeman's American Gardener's Assistant

Bridgeman's Fruit Cultivator's Manual 1 00

Bridgeman's Kitchen Gardener's Instructor 1 00

Building Associations, How to Manage 2 00

Building Assoiations, What They Are 57

Buist's, Robert, Am. Flower Garden Directory 1 50

Buist's, Robert, Family Kitchen Gardener 1 00

Burr's Field and Garden Vegetables of America 5 00

Carpenter and Joiner's Hand Book, (Holly) 75

Chorlton's Grape-Grower's Guide 75

Chemistery of the Farm, (Nichols) 1 25

Cleveland's Villas and (iottages 4 00

Cobbett's American Gardener 75

Cole's S. W. American Fruit Book 75

Cole's American Veterinarian 75

Dadd's, <ieo. 11., American Cattle Doctor 1 50

Dadd's Modern Horse Doctor 1 50

Dana's, Samuel H., Muck Manual 1 25

Darwin's Variations of Animals and Plants, (2 vols).... 5 00

Darwin's Insecliverous Plants, English Edition 7 00

" " " American edition 2 00

DeVoe's Market Assistant '2 50

Downing's, A. J., Landscape Gardening 6 .50

Downing's Cottage Residences 3 00

Downing's Fruits and Fruit Trees of America 5 00

Downing's Rural Essays 3 50

Downing's Ladies' Companion to the Garden 2 00 \ Quinn's I'ear Culture for Profit..... •.-■ • ^ 1 0()

DuBreuil's Vineyard Culture (Dr. Warden) 2 00

Eastwood on Cultivation of the Cranberry 75

Elliott's Western Fruit Grower's Guide 1 50

Elliott's Landscape Gardening 1 50

Elliott's Lawn and Shade Trees 1 50

Elliott's Fruit Growers' Hand Book, paper, 60 cts. cloth 1 00

Farming for Boys 1 50

Ferns in their Homes and Ours 1 50

Field's, Thomas, W., Pear Culture 1 25

Five Acres too Much (illustrated) 1 50

Flagg's European Vineyards 1 50

Fla.x Culture 50

Flint, Chas. L., on Grasses 2 50

Flint's Milch Cows 2 50

Floral Decorations for Dwelling-Houses 1 50

Flower's Homes lor All 1 25

French's Farm Drainage 1 50

Fuller's Grape Culturist 1 50

Fuller's Small Fruit Culture 1 50

Fuller's Strawberry Culturist 20

Fuller's Forest Tree Culturist 1 50

Fulton on Peach Culture 150

Gentry's Life Histories of Birds, (2 vols; 4 Of)

(irrey's How Plants Grow 1 25

Gray'.s Manual of Botany 2 25

Gray's Manual, Botany and Ijcssons, in one vol 4 00

(Jray's School and Field Book of Botany 2 50

(xregory on Squashes, paper 30

Guernon on Milch Cows 75

<iuide to Fortune 1 00

Harazthy's Grape Culture and Wine Making 5 00

Harris' Insects Injurious to Vegeta, do, $4; col. eng'a. 6 50

Harrison the Pig 1 50

Hattield's American House Carpenter 3 50

Hender.son's Practical Floriculture 1 50

Henderson's Gardening for Pleasure 1 50

Henderson's Gardening for Profit 1 50

Herbert's Hints to Housekeepers 1 75

lloopes on Evergreens 3 00

Hop Culture 40

How to Buy a Farm, and Whereto Find One 1 75

How to Paint 1 00 j

11 ussman's Grapes and Wines 1 -50 1

Jacques' Manual of the House 1 50 |

JacquM' Manual of the Garden 1 75 I

Quinby's Mj-steries of Bee-keeping Explained 1 -50

Randall's Sheep Husbandry 1 50

Randall's Fine Wool Sheep Husbandry 1 00

Rand's Bulbs 2 50

Rand's Flowers for Parlor and Garden 2 oO

Rand's Popular F'.owers and How to Cultivate Them.. 1 2.^

Rami's Garden Flowers 2 50

Rnnd's Orchid Culture 3 00

Rnnd's Rhododendrons 1 M

Robinson's Alpine Flowers 4 -^O

Sub-Tropicial Garden 2 i5

Wild Garden 2 25

Ropp's Commercial Calculator, cloth, $1, Morocco Tuck 2 00

Rose Culturist paper 30

Robbins', R., Produce and Ready Reckoner ii_'>

Saunders' Domestic Poultry, paper, 40 cloth /5

Saxton's Hand Book, in four series, each 1 oO

Schenck's Gardeners' Text-book 75

Scribner's Ready Reckoner and Log-book 30

Strong's Cultivation of the Grape 3 00

Ten Acres Enough \ 50

Thomas, J, J., Farm Implements 1 w

Thomas.J. J., Fruit Culturist; old ed., ?3,00: new ed... 3 50

Tobacco Culture 2.^

Ville's Chemical Manures 1 ■-•'

Warder's American Pomology 3 'JO

Hedges and Evergreens ' tO

Waring's Drainage for Profit and Health 1 ••>0

Elements of Agriculture 1 'W

Earth Closets ^

Webster's Dictionary, Unabridged 12 00

Well's Kvery Man his own Lawyer 2 00

Williams. B. S., on Stove and Greenhouse Plants. 2

vols, ill'd 5 00

W illiams, B. S.. on Select Ferns and Lycopods 2 50

Williims, B. S., Orchid Grower's Manual, 4th edition.. 2 i*)

" " " " 5th edition.. 3 .^0

Window Gardening .- } 50

White's Gardening for the South ^ 00

Cranberry Culture \ -r'

Wood's Class Book of Botany 3 .>0

Wright's Practical Poultry Keeper 2 00

Youattcm the Horse 1 1^

Youman's Houscliold Science 2 oO

Japanese Persimmon.

Wo otlVr fur the Fall and Winter Trade a very larKC and fine stock of tliU New and DellelOHm Fruit. The ireeK

havf ulMiL'cn (frown ;it least one year in our yurteriea, and lieing thus well accliiniitcd iinil with ^hkI roi>l«, iirc Kr^'ntlv prefer-
al>le to uny othi^rs. No one, ('s|>ecially in tlio Houlliern and South- Weatern Jftafea, .slioiild In; withoui them. Thev will
thrive wherever the Ann-ric'in I'f'reitninon will. The .snniller trei's can he sent hy mail. PSICE, '-' t" :l feel, $1.00 eui'li ; $7S
|K-r iiuudred : .'! to 4 feet. $2 each, $160 per hundred ; < to T) feet, $3 each. Litorsl Discouot to lTarter7mc& anl Doilori. For thoHu,
desirous of eollecliiig or-ders we can furnish PLATE-BOOZ nt $2 each. Semi for DoJCriptlvo Circalir.
We have al.so a most extensive and complete ius.siirlment nf all kinds of Hirdy aal H»lf Eirdj"

FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES, SHRUBS AND VINES.

SPECIALTIES.— Rhododendrons. Hardy and Chinese Azaleas. Camellias. Roses. Magnolias. Purple Beech. Japanese Maples
and New and rare Plants.

PARSONS &L SOXS CO., Limited,

Price List Free. Descriptive (.'atalogue 10 ceuls. KISSES A NVRSEHIE^, FluaMnff, y.Y.

♦ 2.000,000:1-

ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUES

Sent free on application.

A. H. HESWS & CO.^

Low freights from Boston
allow us to compete with any
Pottery in the United States.

No. Cambridge^ Mass.

p. &E. TRANSON

ORIiISAHS, FRANCE,

Reg to inform their friends and customers generally Ihat iheir

INTew List for 1878 and 'T9

Is now ready and may be had on application to

Messrs. KNAIITH, NACHOD & KUHNE,

113 BROADWAY,

This Catalogue contains Prices of all the FRUIT TREE STOCKS; an extensive list of FRUIT TREES, New and Hardy
ORNAMENTAL PLANTS, CLIMBERS, the Hardiest and best CONIFERS, ROSES on their own roots. Also, SMALL CONIFERS,
I)i:ClDUOl S and EVERCIREEN ORNAMENTAL TI^EES.one or two years' Seedlings, most useful for Nurserymen.

*g"N. B. — The greatest attention given to packing. ocl".

EDITED BY THOMAS MEEHAN.

Vol. XX. No. 239.

(Combined Magazines, Thirty-third Year.)

NOVEMBER, 1878.

PUBLISHED BY CHARLES H. MAROT,

8H Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.
TERMS— 2.10 PER YEAR— POSTAGE PAID.

^^^^^^^

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Lr^.-^s,\.«yt„L

The Gardener's Monthly

AND HOKTICULTUEIST,

EDITED BY THOMAS MEEHAN,

Assiited b7 an ablo Corps of AUEBICAK and F0BEI3IT C0BBESP01TSE17TS.

It is miblishcd on the first of every month, at the office. No. 814 CHESTNUT STREET,
PHILADELPHIA, where all Business communications should be addressed.

Communications for the Editor should be addressed: Thom.vs Meeiian, Germantown, Phila.

SUBSCRIPTION PRICE, Postage Paid, $2.10.

TERMS OF ADVERTISING

One Time,

Two to Three Times, each,
Four to Six Times, "

Seven to Nine Times, "
Ten to Twelve Times, "

i^^col.
$3 00
2 70
2 25
2 OO
1 80

J,; col.
$4 00
3 60
3 00
2 70
2 40

14 col.
$6 00
5 40
4 50
4 00
3 60

$8 00
7 20
6 00
5 35
4 80

. y, col.

$12 00

10 80

9 00

8 00

7 20

1 col.
$24 00
21 60
18 00
16 00
14 40

1 pago.

$48 00
43 20
36 00
32 00
28 80

Twelve lines iionpariel is l-i col. A less space than % col. will be furnished at rates in exact proportion, line for line

For THIRD and LAST COVER PAGES; FIRST PAGE adverti.senient/ace7ij7 reading matter; " FLY-LEAF PAGE." (front of

number") before reading matter a.udfacin<f first cover — special figures will be given on application.

Copy and orders for NEW advertisements should be on hand by the 22d of each month; and CHANGES of COPY, running

contracts by the IGth of each month, to insure them in the followingissue. Address,

CHAS. H. MAHOT, Publisher', 814 Chestnut St. , Phila.

CONTENTS OF THE NOVEMBER NUMBER.

SEASON^VBLE HINTS:

Flower (iarden and Pleasure Ground 321-322

Greenhouse and House Gardening 828-32!)

Fruit and Vegetable G;u-dening 334-330

CORRESPON DENCE :

" Ilolywood " at Long Branch, N. J 322-323

Lilium auratum 323-324

New Dahlias 324-325

A Window Hood for Ornamental Vines 32")

Orchid Culture 329-330

Artificial Wood Tiles 330-331

Hyacinth Culture 331

Rummer Shade for Apple Trees 330

The True Gumbo 336

Fa.st Budding 330

Asparagus Culture in England .*• 330

Grape Culture in Texas 337

Hoosae Thornle.ss Blackberry 337

A Go(k1 way to work over Large Fruit Trees 337

Vagaries of the Peach 337-33K

Felling Trees .341-342

That Weather-sfield Elm 342

The Locust Tree ; 342-343 |

Lightning and Beech Trees :}43-344

Abstract of Paper "On Hybrids in Nature" 344

EDITORIAL NOTES:

The Kentucky Coffee Tree— A Pretty City Garden-
Fruiting of the Akebia — Ro.ses in Round Baskets —
How to Propagate Mistletoe — W'hite Lobelias— Daf-
fodils—The Day Lily, (Hemerocallis)— A Sense of

Propriety 32-3-328

The Victoria Lily — Hellebore Powder — How to make
Moss Baskets — Venus' Fly Trap — Agapanthus um-

bellatus— Specimen Phloxes 331-3.33

Influence of the Summer on Hardiness in Winter —
About Moles — Green Manure — Georgia Pears — Late
Peaches — October Peaches — A New Source of Profit
— Olive Oil — California Raisins— Texan Early Peaches
— AVilder Peach — Japanese Mushrooms 338-340

Native Place of the Mign<«nette — Wheat and Chess
again — The English Si)arrows, and Seeds and Fruits
— What is a Weed — Clematis — Andromedia arborea —
Snow Plant of California — Sulphur and Y'ellow Fever
(Jerms — Fruiting of the Stapelia — Experiments in
Testing Seeds — Eradicating rare Plants — How the

Roots Grow—Pasteur's Theory of Fermentation 344-346

"OurChromo" — Th^ Postal Laws— Royal Love for
Wild Flowers — Winter Greeneries at Home — The
Hog; the Varieti&s to Raise, General Management
and Diseases — Preliminary Studies on the North
American PhyralidiC — The .Journal of Fore.stry — Dr.
H. A. Swasey — Col. Daniel Dennett — Insect Powder
— Bahama Fruits — Cataljia Bignoides, variety Spe-
ccDsa — Trade in Flowers at Paris — Thanks — Nursery
Visit.s — Benjamin (i. Smith — The Place for the Sun

'Dial— Australian International Exhibition 347-350

Pennsylvania Horticultural Society — Michigan State
Pomological Society — The Maryland Horticultural
Society — Nurserymen and Horticultural Exhibitions
^—Horticultural Exhibiti(min England 3.il-3i52

NEW OE RARE PLANTS:

Enlal^v Jai)onica zebrina — Double Scarlet Geum —

Abies Harryana _ 328

A Double Mexican Lily — Improved Abutilons 333-334

Sharpless Seedling Strawberry — ^The Prentiss Graj)e
— Bonne du Puits Ansults Pear — New Late Peaches 340-341
SCRAPS AND QUERIES:

Austrian and Scotch Pines — Dahlias 328

Pears in the West — Grape Borders 341

Catalpa Coffins — Alnus Oregonia and Acer macro-

phyllum 343

FLOWER GARDEN AND PLEASURE GROUND 321-328

GREEN HOUSE AND HOUSE GARDENING 328-334

FRUIT AND VEGETABLE GARDENINGi .334-341

FORESTRY' 341-343

NATURAL HISTORY AND SCIENCE 343-346

LITERATURE, TRAVELS AND PERSONAL NOTES.... 347-350
HORTICULTURAL SOCIETIES 3.51-352

BULBS.

IMPORTEDlDOMESTIC

CATALOGUE MAILED OX APPLICATION.

JUST ARRIVED AXD READY FOR DELIVERY,

SPIREA JAPOICA, FiDe Fircii Cliinps,
LILIDM LONWFLORUM, For Forcini,

LILIUM LANCIFOLIUM, Altaffl ai Rttlirnii, m fine,
COPALLARIA CLUMPS, File QialitF,

CONVALLARIA PIPS, Lilj of lie Vallej,

The Finest Pips in the market, specially selected for early forcing, at low prices.

Tiger Lily, Single and Double.

Amaryllis, Dahlias, Tuberoses, etc.

A few ROMAN and DUTCH HYACINTHS only are left on han I, also TULIPS, NAR-
CISSUS and ANEMONES.

Special Catalogue Issued of

Florists' Supplies,

WITH FULL DETAIL, AND NICELY ILLUSTRATED,

BoiKiuet Papers, Immortelles,

Dried Grasses, Mosses, Foil,

Wire, etc., at Low Figures.

Address, , ,

AUGUST ROLKER & SONS,

p. 0. Box 899. 44 Dey Street, New York.

Dutch Bulbous Roots,

Catalogues free.

of tlio finest (luality, our own iMi|pnrtation I'lom llollaml diit'ct.

DAVID LANDRETH & SONS.

Nos. 21 and 23 South Sixth Street^

Between Market and Chestnut Streets, Philadelphia.

HANDSOME FLOWERED

TUBEROUSROOTEDBEGOMAS

( 111 ri-< ripl (if rciiiilt aiice. Ddriiiaiit tulicrs nl' tluM' can lie sent
liv jiiisl ; [irk-t' S'- [h'I' tluzcii.

Ur. Wm. Bull's Establisbsnt for Nsw I hn Flants,

Dovl King's Kontl, Chi-lsen, I.om/in>, Ent/latid.

THE ABBOTT

Pocket Microscope

Is an instrument of great

practical usefulness to

Teaoliers, Farmers,

^leri-liaiilK, Itlo-

cliaiiios, fliywi-

*j ciaiiN, Uoiaiiiot**,

ITIiiiertii, and man.

other?. It is the he^t

f.^r oxamiiiint,' FIOW-

ers, Seeds, Plants, Minerals,
Engravings, Bank Notes, Fabrics,

Etc. By means of a cage, accompanyini; each In-
strument, one Clin examine all kinds of |n"
sects or Worms alive. The

EYE OF A FLY,

or other insect of like fize, can be readily seen.
It is simple in con-iructioii and easj' lo operate.
One of these iiiie.esiiiii; Iiistrunients oiit;ht to
be in eTery family. We liavi- made a^rantjeraents
to furnish the Pocket Microscope at the
manufacliirer"9 J)rj( e. $l..'jfl. If will be sent, po-t-
()aid, t') any reader of this Paper desiring it, on
receipt of price, or m y be had at this office.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, S14 fhestiiut St., Phila.

Rochester, N. Y.

Olt'crs lor the Aulmiiii nf IsTS.

Special Collections

Of the finest ok.s'amuntal tricks, shrurs and rosks at reduc-
ed prices. Also all varieties of Fruit Trees and Small I'ruits.

All Stock WAKRANTKl) aS lIKfRKSKNTKl). Kumishiug PARKS.

( KMKTERlKs aud PRiVATK KSTATE,s .\ si'icci ALT V. Descriptive-
Catalogue, with colored plate, 10 cents. List of Novelties and
Spt!cial Collections free. Address,

FRED. W. KELSEY, Rochester, N. Y.

Nkw York Oi-j-k k, jus l!rria<l\v;iy.

70^ CHESTNUT ST. PH, LA*

AMERICAN FRUIT CULTURIST.

liY JOH.V J. TU0MA3.

Practical directions for the Cultivation of Fruit Trefs in the

NURSERY. ORCHARD AND GARDLN.

Descripticinsof the principal American and Foreign varir':"-;!
Plain Edition, 480 engravines, 611 pages, 12 mo. Price, SS.Ott
Mailed post-paid on receipt of price.

£;«-i:xtra KcUtion, 576 pages, heavy paper, fine cloth, ROS

illustrations aud chromo frontispiece; mailed, for 83.75.' ^. J

Address CHAS. H. MAROT, 814Chestnu St., PU'M

THE GARDENER'S MONTHLY

HORTICULTURIST FOR 1879.

Subscribers are requested to send at least one new name with their own, if possible. For this atten-
tion, we will furnish the two at $3.20 for the year.

TWO NEW subscriptions at ?3.20 ; five at $7.00.

Responsible Agents wanted — to whom a liberal commission will be allowed, retainable out of subscriptions
secured and forwarded. We do not hold ourselves responsible for the acts of Bogus Agents.

Any Subscriber who has already renewed his subscription and paid $2.10, may order a new subscriber
at rate of $3. 20 the two, by remitting the additional $1.10 to balance, and oblige, with thanks for past favors
and efforts.

All subscribers, at whatever rate, are invited to take advantage of our list of Club Papers on another
page.

CHAS. H. MAROT, Publisher, 814 Chestnut Street., Philadelphia-

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

P

iz 103? w/imar jriowimt

m mSmimmwm) biwsj ww ■j*sj«J^*j "ft hi?^ '^'^ Wh#"*ci:,i

20 000 ROSES, Saffron, Bon Silene, Douglass, Duchess, Alba rosea, Sylphide,
Marectial Niel <and all "Winter Roses, from one to three feet high in fine order for immediate
Forcing.

50,000 Bouvardias, Begonias, Carnations, Oallas, Jessamines, Eupatoriums, Ferns,
Poinsettias, Double and Single Primulas, Stevias, Smilax, Violets, &c., in fine order for
Winter work.

Bulbs and Roots for Winter Flowering.

Roman and other Hyacinths, Lily of the Valley, &c., <Sz;c.

Special Flower Seeds for Present Sowing.

Browalia Calceolaria, Cineraria Centaureas Cyclamen, G-eraniums, Lobelias, Mig-
nonette, Smilax, Stocks, &c.

Myosotis, Apple G-eranium, Primulas— Double and single, Pansies, Petunias, Ver-
benias, &C., &;c., mostly of our own raising from finest named sorts.

Special Vegetable Seeds for Present Sowing.

CABBAGE— Early Summer, Jersey, Wakefield, Early Flat Dutch.
CAULIFLOWER- Early Snowball and Early Erfurt.
LETTUCE— Boston Market and Simpson.
RADISH— Black Spanish and Grey Winter.

SPINACH — New Savoy -leaved, by far the best for either Spring or Summer crop.
Special Price List of the above for Market Gardeners and Florists, sent free on application.

PETER HEXDEBSON & CO.,

SEEDSMEN AND FLORISTS,

35 CORTLANDT STREET, NEW YORK CITY

AUGUST ROLKER & SONS,

44 Dey St., New York.

P. O. BOX 899.

Florist's Supplies of Every Description.

BULBS i SEEDS.

A SPECIALTY MADE OF FINE STRAINS IN

Asters^ Salsams^ Garnations^

Ginerarim^ Pansies^ Primulas^

and Grerznan Stocks^

Put up in Trade Papers. We offer
CENTAUREA CANDIDISSIMA, - - - per 100 seeds, 50cts. per 1000, S3.50

COBCEA SCANDEXS, - - - - per 20 seeds, 25cts. per 100, LOO-

CYCLAMEN PERSICUM, per trade packet, 50

PHASEOLUS CARACALLA,irood for hanging baskets, - " " 25

SMILAX, .--'.:. . per ounce, SL50. " " 10

SX^EOIJ^L OZPIPOI^TTTn^ITY.

We ofter a smail lot of Impokted Common Centifolia Moss Roses, strong plants at S4.00
per dozen. Imported High Standard Roses, grafted on Canina, assorted varieties, our choice,
at S9.00 per dozen. Both were left un.sold last Spring and have been planted out over Summer.

THK HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

Plants in Quantity

LYGODIUM SCANDENS,

12 to ?,0 inclios. per Dozen, $1.00 ; per Hundred, .$6.00.

JBlechnum Srazilensis.

LOMARIA GIBBA, SITOLOBIUM CICUTARIUM Kcsi lor cmtiimi und lil'ty otlier choice
kimls, ill .•Mticli \hA<. \\w plants. Per Dozen, $1.50; per Hundred, $8.00.

ALSOPHILLA AUSTRALIS.

Fino I'laiits. Per Dozen, $3.50; per Hundred. 825. OO.

CYBOTIUM SCHEIDII. •: and l-indi i-ots. Per Doz.. $5. OO: Per Hun., $35.00.

New Coleus of 1877.

Pictus, Miilticolor Eldorado, Musaica, &c. Per Dozen, $1.35 ; per Hundred, $10.00.
AK£BIA QUINATA. * ^" •' f'^*'*. '""'p I'l^nts. Per Dozen, $2.40; per Hun., $15.00.

Borsig-, Flag of Truce, Dame Melanie, M'dlle Marie Van Houtte, Eugene Mazel, A.Vers-

chafelt, tuojcther with lOll elioire kinds, ;'> years old, trraftcd, liiu; large beads fuli of hiul.s, in

fine hoaltli. Each, $1.25 ; per Doz. $12.00; per Hun., i>80.00.

I am now booking orders for Cane .Stake.s. They are the neatest, lightest, strongest and most durable article that can lie used
bv florists. All orders sent in rotation.

Price, 6 ft. and under, . . perl ), S4..50 Price,6 to 12 ft., . . per in(M), «6.(K)

" i< I. , , per lO,iHjo, ?4ii.0() " "... per 10,000, S50.00

A. BRAGKEnrRIDGE,

Govanstown, Baltimore Co., Md.

I^OSEB-^3>TI^ OSTTJI^SEIE^IES. nov i

5 Thousand

DOUBLE WHITE

PRIMULA raE AMERICAN

Landscape Gardeners,

SMITH, & BUTLER,
Newport, Rhode Island.

I'lans and estimates given for any part of the country.
V. 12.

In five-inch pots, to the trade for $35.00 per 100. lINK
HE.VLTHY STOCK.

C. YOUNG & SONS,

toct2 I406 Olive St., St. Louis, Mo.

200,000 Tuberoses

Guaranteed the finest Bulbs in the market.
nOVBLE, $15 per 1000. PBARL, $25 per lOOO

Eeady for shipment by the 1.5th of Octolier.

aug.tf F. GOEBELS, Memphis, Tenn.

TOBACCO STEMS,

For Fumigating ])uri>oses, for sale in bales of about 400
lbs., free on boat or cars at $•"> per bale, or throe bales for S12 on
one order.

STRAITON & STORM,
178 & ISO Pearl Street, ■
augl2 Kuw York City. I

liip < I'liipany nf I'liiludLliOiia. I'bihulelpbia i^ Liverpool
Line. I lu' mily Trans-Atlantic line sailing under the AlTier-
ican Flag.' Sailing every Thursday from Philadcli)hia, and
Wc'diK'sdav troni Liverpool.

THE RED STAR LINE,

Carrying tbf HclKiaii and I'liited .States Mails. Sailing every
twelve days, alternately from Philadelphia and New York
Direct and oiilv

TO ANTWERP.

The American ami Rid Star Lines Ijciiij,' uniler one manage-
ment, Kxcursion tirkcts are good to return liy either, thus sav-
ing the exjien-c and annoyance of re-crossing the Channel.

l-'or rates of passuixe ami general information ajiplv to
apllf J'HI Kit \V ItHiH I & Sftys, f/iiln. O'en'l Affts.

WEST JERSEY NURSERIES,

WOODBURY, N.J.

GIBSON & BENNETT.

100.000 Felton's Early Prolific and Reliance Raspberry : 200,000
Ciiirlrrilla and <'oiiiiiit'iital .Strawberry Plants, direct from the
original stalk. Millions of other I'laiits, Lrees, Ac, for sale.

/Pj5 New Descriptive Circular now ready. sep2

TO nursertmenT

Southern Natural I'each I'itts fur planting. .\lso Ajijile, Pear
and Osage Uraiige Seed, for sale by C. B. KOUEi;.'^, Seed Dealer
133 Market Street, Philadelphia. nov 1

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

1844:.]

HITCIIINGS & CO.,

No. 233 Mercer Street,

Between Bleecker and West 3d Streets,

NEW YORK.

Offer theii' very large Stock of

At prices lower than at any time
within the past thirty years.

/^DCLE^Clt

(r.^^^^fy\

,^ Patent Corrugated Fire Box Boilers, =3^
Conical Boilers,

Saddle Boilers and
Base Burning Water Heaters;

Heating Pipes and Pipe Fittings

OF EVEHY DESCRIPTION AND SIZE,

S ASH-LIFTIN G- APPARATUS

OF MOST APPROVED FORMS.

Send 6 eenis postage for Catalogue, References
and. List of Prices.

_cm

/f.ifiTmy-TrL

THE IIORTWULTURM. ADV K UTlSKn.

M. M. BAYERSDORFER & CO.,

56 North Fourth Street,

PHILADELPHIA, PA.

Wo lioir to call tlie attention of the WIIOl.KSALK juhI RETAIL TRADE in
\ FLORISTS' GOODS to our well assorted stock for the Full season :

BOUQUET PAPER Italiens,)

j riain While Edges, Gold and Silver Edges, Pasted Cartoons, White Satin for Bridal

J Bouquets, Fancy Lace Papers for Weddings, Receptions and Parties.

IMMORTELLES,

(Orijiiiial bunches, selected by one of our Firm.) White
and all colors.

DRIED GRASSES AND FLOWERS,

In jrrcat varieties and styles; very suitable tor ornamental purposes.

BASKETS

Brown vurnishod Willow Baskets. Wheat Straw and White Gilt Baskets.

ORNAMENTAL GRASS BOUQUETS,
FRENCH GREEN MOSSES,
TIN FOIL, Best in Market.

WIRE DESIGNS for CUT FLOWERS.

Prize Medal of Cincinnati Industriul Exposition of 1873; Malal and Diploma of International
Exposition of 1877, "i-br &c«? rfiV"y q/" 7^w?»P< P'jper*-." *,„„*<•

Send orders early in Fall. Illustrated Catalogue furnished gratis on application. t.aug.tf

%.

GREENHOUSES, GRAPERIES, Etc.

Their Construction a Specialty. Experience of 20 Years.

SHIPPED TO ALL PARTS OF THE COUNTRY. «@-Send for Catalogue, Address.

LORD'S HORTICULTURAL WORKS,

junetf Irvington-on-Hudson, New York.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

Bright scarlet, beautiful uud tlistiuctly striped and flaked like a Carnation. A very free bloomer; dwarl' habit; an excellent
foedder. It should be in every collection. Frice, $1,50 Jiach.

mad'ni Amelia Baltatj,

The finest double ■white Geranium in cultivation. 50 Cents Each; 5.00 per Dozen.
Large plant.s lifted from the ground, 50 Cents Each; $3 per Doz. ; $iiO per Hundred.

Anthericum Vitatum Variegatum,

Large Plants, $1.00 Each; $10.00 per Dozen.

-i^!Zi-^iL.:E].^i.s i2>r:oia.i^.

Two-year oil plants, $2.00 per dozen; $15.00 per hundred. Three-Year old, $3.00 per dozen; $20.00 per hundred.

NEW COLEUS OF LAST SPRING.

ALBION, ELDORADO, MUSAICA, PICTUS, MULTICOLOR SPLENDENS, - $1.50 per Doz.

CARNATIONS, TWELVE VARIETIES,

$2.00 per Dozen; $10.00 per Hundred.

GERANIUM, BISHOP WOOD AND JENNIE REID,

25 cents each ; $2.50 per doz.

Aiso a fine collection of Geraniums, including many of the new varieties of last Spring, at 31.50 per doz.; $10.00 per hundred.

NEW WHITE HYDRANGEA, THOMAS HOGG,

25 cents each; $2.00 per dozen; $15.30 per hundred.
Catalogue mailed to all on application.

JKiltlm Ki HARRIS^ Kingsessing lyurseries^

tffebi2 5501 DARBY ROAD, PHILADELPHIA.

(Late of the Firm of ITimmo and Scollay, )

PATENT IMPROVED HOT WATER BOILERS

Eor Heating Green- Houses, Oraperiea, Conservatories, For- ..^
cing Pits, Water for Baths, Drying Rooms, fublic
and Private Buildings,JS:e.

All tie Necessary Fittiugs for Hot Water Heating Aniiaratns *^-

VENTILATION APPAEATUS OF ALL KINDS.

PR/ZE MEDAL AND DIPLOMA AWARDED THIS BOILER
AT THE CENTENNIAL EXHIBITION.

/8£J~Please send for circular for explanation, etc., before you mako up
your mind to purchase elswhere.

««pi2 1204 Degraw Street, near Nostrand Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.

"newcoleusT

IXIUImTICOIiOR AND PICRTUS,

Jiy the quantity in lots to suit,

HEIGHT DOLLARS pe?^ HUNDRED, ONE DOLLAR j)er DOZ.

EDMUND M. WOOD & CO.,

*»P^^ 56 BROAD STREET, Boston, Mass.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

I mm\ PEACHES 0'

Six, nine and twelve days alicad of, and superior in size, color
and llavor tu tlie famous Alexander.

T. V. MUNSON,

Denison, Texas.

Send for nescrlptive Circular. nov I

FARM FOR SALE,

Near Worcester Mass.

In all tlie tiar,i;ain.s iilliiixl by We.sicrn lailroaiKs did you ever
sec anything ec|ual to this? J15.38 an aire and the buildings
thrown in (the fcnees on the farm co.st more than this), (Vi acres
iViinilcs from deiiol ; fine worn! lot, lifXI cords; now keeps:! (•()W.s,
can exsily be made to Iceep six; mowed by machine; Ou clioice
fruit tree.s; bonlereil by trout brook. Cottajie, (! rooms, painted
and papered. Uarn :{(i.\:!(), wagon house, etc., onlv SlKOn, i)art
c:ish, balance SjoO a year. The wood when marketed will pay for
the farm. Remember this is not a higlily colored description,
but was taken from the owner right on the farm. This, with
hundreds of better farms, fully described in our list, post paid to
any address.

GEO. H. CHAPIN,

Herald Building, Boston.

june6

CARPENTRY MADE EASY,

OR, THE SCIENCE AND ART OK BUILDING.
ByW. E. I?ELL, Architect.
A new and improved system. Specific instructions for Balloor.
Frames, Barn Frames, Mill Frrmes, Wareliouses, Churcli Spires,
&c. Also, System of Bridge Building, Bills, Estimates of Cost and
valuable txibles. Illustrated by 38 plates and nearly 200 figures. 134
pages, 8vo, cloth. Price, $5.00. Sent by mail post paid on receipt
of price. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

AMERICAN FLOWER GARDEN DIRECTORY.

By Bobert Buist.
With practi'>al directions for the Culture of Plants in Flower-
Garden, Uot-House, Greeu-llouse, Rooms, or Parlor Windows,
for ever;,- month of the year. Instructions for erecting Hot-
house, Greet house, and laying out a Flower garden. Instruc-
tion lor cultivating, propagating, pruning and training the
Grapj vine and description of best sorts for the open air. 342
pages, 12iuo, cloth. PriceSl 50. Sent by mail post paid on receipt
of price. CHAS. H. MAROT,

8U Chestnut St. Phila.

SMALL FRUIT CULTURIST.

BY ANDRE^V S. FULI,ER.

Giving Description, History, Cultivation, Propagation, Dis-
eases, Ac.

Beautifully Illustrated.

276 pages, 12mo, cloth. Price Sl.oO. Sent by mail, post-paid
on receipt of price. Address,

CHAS. H. MAKOT. 814 Chestnut St.. Phila.

GARDENING FOR PLEASURE.

BY PETEK HENDERSON.

A guide to the Amateur in the

FRUIT, VEGETABLE and FLOWER GARDEN.

Witli full directions for the
Greenhouse, Conservatory and "Window-Garden.
Illustrated. 250 Pages, 12nio, cloth. Price Sl.50. Sent by
mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. U. MAROT, SI 1 Cln'stnut St., Phila.

SELECfl^RNS^ND LYCOPODST^

By Benjami.v S. Williams, F.R.H.S.
Comprising descriptions of 950 choice species and varieties, Brit-
ish and Exotic, with directions for their management in the Tropical,
Temperate and Hardy Fernery, with numerous beautiful full-page
illustrations. 353 pages, izmo, cloth. Price, ^2.50. Sent by mail
post-paid on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

Bear of 428 Walnut Street, Philadelphia.

.Manufacture of PLAIN and FANCY WIRIvWORK, for FLO-
KI.ST.S; Wreaths, Crosses, Stars, Crowns, Hearts, Anchors. lUrds,
Lambs (Jipny l<aHketi<, Hanging Haj^kct*, Flower Stanas, Ac,
late.Mt (Icsigim.

SFND FOIt PKI'K LIST. t-fel>-tf

HYACINTHS,

TULIPS,
Crocus, Lilies,

And all other Bulbs for planting in the-
autumn; also Bulb Glasses, Fancy Fower
Pots, Fern Ca.ses, Rustic Work and Winter
Flowering Plants.

The Largest and Finest Assortment in the Country^
PRICES MODERATE.

Descriptive Catalogues inaikil to all applicants fiec.

HENRY A. DREER,
oct-2 714 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, Pa.

"WALTER ELDER,
LANDSCAPE A Mi JOIiltlSO GAKJ>1CIiEH.

1231 Rodman Street, Phil.idclphia,
Attends to all branches of his business on roa.«onablc terms.

TO THE TRADE.

Primulas, Calceolaria & Cineraria Seed.

The 'ircenl>rook it Pater.son Nurseries beg to inform the Traile
that the European growersv^'f the above seeds who supply the
principal seed trade of England, are desirous of introducing their
seeds to the American trade, and for that purpose have supplied
us with samples of the above for distribution to intending pur-
chasers, to prove the Purity, Vitality and superior excellence of
the strains, same being uns'urpa.ssed in every respect. Samples of
cither with lowest price per drachm, ounce or pound on applica-
tion with business card enclosed. Address, J. GREIVtS, Sec-
retary, Box 837, l*ater.son, N. .1. nov2

CHART OF THE AGE

DOMESTIC ANIMALS.

BY A. LI.iUTARD, M. D., V. S.

(American Veternary College.)
In this "Chart," which is fully illustrated and printed on
card-board, making a hand.some slieet for framing, much valua-
ble information is given in a concise and intelligible way, en-
abling one to determine the age of Hor.ses, Cattle, Sheep, Dogs
and Pigs. It is what has long been wanted and often enquired
for by stock breeders, and one of these Charts ought to be hang-
ing in sight of every man who h.as anything to do with the man-
agement of domestic anin)als. The size of the Chart is 21l4x2«^
inches. By mail, post-paid, on receipt of price, SI 00. AddreM,
CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut .St., Phila.

EXTRA LARGE ROSES

FOR WINTER BLOOMING.

Roses in 7 & 8 inch pots - - - S4 00 per doz.

" .' 6 " - - - - 8 50 " "

" » 5 " - . - - 3 00 " "

" " 4 " . - - - 2 00 " "

Other W' inter Blooming Plants at corresponding low rates.
Verbenas, strong plants . - - S3 00 per 100.

Address H. NIELSON,

uovl St. Joseph Conservatories, St. Joseph, Mo.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

Wanted to Buy

Good souiul, prime AURATUM LILY BULBS. Pay

either in cash or trade, liv

AUGUST ROLKER «fe SONS,

p. O. Box 899 New Yoilv City.

Buy Improved Farm Tools

THE ADVAN3E JR. CHILLED PLOWS

ARE TIIK LATEST AND BEST.

The LADOW WHEEL HARROW I'lts in wheat
thoroughly in trashy ground. Improved Plows, Harrows, Fod-
der-Cutters, Farmer's Boilers, Corn-Shellers, Cider-Mills, Corn-
knives, Pumps, etc., wholesale and retail, fiend for circu-
lars, S. L. ALLEN & CO., 229 Market St., Phihidelphia. oct-12

GREEfflOUSE DEPARTMENT

OF THE DUPAGE CO. NURSERIES.

We have a FINE STOCK of PLANTS to sell this Fall. Roses,
Monthly, H. P., Climbing; al.so hardy Dahlias, Lilies, Tulips,
Crocuses, Crown Imperial and oth«r Bulhs, Shruhs, Perennials,
Asparagus, Rhubarb, Small Fruits. Our stock is large and fine.
Please send for Trade List. F. LUDLOW, Lessee,

nov 1 Xapcrril/fi, III.

CHOICE FLOWER SEEDS

for Florist's use and present sowing. New Crop of 1878,
largely of our own saving.

Akdisia — Crenulata, Rosea and Alba per pkt. 20

Balsam— Double White Extra " oz. $2 00

Begonia— Choice Tuberous rooted sorts " pkt. 20

Calceolaria — Choice strain " " 35

Caknatiox — Ex. choice stage grown var " '• .3/5

Centaurea— Candidissima per 1000 seeds 2 00

" " Compacta " '' " 2 50

" dementi " " " 2 00

" Gymnocarpa. " " " 1 00

Cineraria — Choice strain per pkt. 20

Cyclamen— Persicum, extra choice " oz. 16 00

" " gigantea very large per 100 seeds 4 00

Geranium— Apple seen led, per 100 seeds 7oc. " 1000" 6 00

Glaucium — cornicidata per oz. 3 tO

Gloxinia — A choice strain " pkt. 3-5

LYfiODUiM ScANDENS— Japanese Creeping Fern.. " " 20

Pansy — Dreer's premium " oz. 10 00

" English, very fine " " 5 00

Petuni.v— Finest double hybrid " pkt. 20

" Fine striped and blotched " oz. 12 00

Pykethrum aureum— Golden Feather " " 3 00

" " Laciriatuni (new) deeply

lacineated foliage .'. " " 6 00

Salvia splendens " " 6 00

Smilax " " 2 50

Stock— Large flowering ten weeks " " G 00

Torenia Fournieri — A splendid bedder " pkt. 20

Verbena — From our very choice colleclion " oz. 5 00

" Striped " " 8 00

ViNCA Rose.\. — Alba and Ocellata " " 2 50

For other sorts please see Dreer's Descriptive Catalogue of Bulbs
and seasonable seeds, which will be mailed free. The above setds
mailed free on receipt of price by money order.

HENRY A. DREER,

nov Seedsman & Florist, Philadelphia.

INSECTIVOROUS PLANTS.

By Clias. Darwin.

With copious descriptive contents and index. Illustrated.
462 pages, 12mo, cloth. Price 87.00.
Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

8U CUcBtnutSt., Pbila.

30 GREENHOUSES.

100,000 FEET OF GLASS

TO THE TRADE.

My Price List of Plants i^ "ow ready, and will be
forwarded free on application.

ALSO,

JOHN DICK'S PITENT BOILER.

Economy, Simplicty and Durabilty. The Prize Medal of
the Centennial Commission was awarded for this Boiler.
Send to us for Testimonials from those who use it.

JOHN DICK. Florist,

S3d. <£z, IDs.r'b37- I2.oa.a., :Fli.lla,.

ROSE GARDEN.

By ^'m. Paul, F. R. H. S.

Embracing History of the Rose ; formation of Rosarium ; detail-
ed account of practice for successful cultivation ; arrangement ia
natural groups of most esteemed varieties, English and Foreign,
in the most eminent Gardens ; with full description and remarks
on origin an i mode of culture. Numerous illustrations. 2')6
pages. Royal 8vo, cloth. Price S3. 00. Sent by ma 1 post-paid
on receipt of price. Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

BOOK OF ROSES.

By Francis Parkinan.

Description, Cultivation ard Propagation. Beautifully illus-
trated. 22.5 pages, 12mo, cloih. Price SI. 50. S. nt by mail
post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT.

814 Chestnut St., Philtu

WORKING MAN'S WAY TO WEALTH.

By Edmund Wrigley.

A practical treatise on Building Associations, -what they are, and
kow to use them. loS pages, i6mo, cloth. Price, 7s cents. Sent
by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

GARDENERS' DICTIONARY.

By Gbo. W. Johnson, Editor of " Cottage Gardener."

Describing the Plants, Fruits and Vegetables desirable for the
Garden, and explaining the terms and operations employed in
their cultivation. New Edition, with a suppleraent, including the
new plants and varieties. 910 pages, i-.;mo, cloth, fine print. Price,
J3.50. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt $£ price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT.

814 Chestnut Strcei, 1-hilatli-lphia.

GUIDE TO THE STUDY OF INSECTS.

By a. S. Packakd, Jr., M.D.
Also a Treatise on those Injurious and Beneficial to
OPS. For the use of Colleges, Farms, Schools and Agriculturists.
Illustrated with II plates, and 650 wood-cuts. 702 pages, 8vo,~
cloth. Price, J6.00. Sent by by mail post-paid on receipt of price.
Address, CHAS. H. MAKOT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

TUE HOE TICULTUIIA L AVI Eli TISEJi.

PETER HENDERSON FOR SAI^S!

Cut blouin.s uf ihi^ liuc (ariuitioii in quuDtilics tu thu truiiu. Also
other choice Flowers iu their leason.

TOWNSEND, HAMMAR &, CO.,

150 Tremont St., Boston.

Prices rnritnl oi! a|'plii;iti..ii. toct.3

LONDON GARDENER'S CHRONICLE

■Will t.p luriii-ilioi, iK)St-|mid, direct to subscribers in the U. S.

'"!■ $7.50 l"*'"" yviiT. Apply to

oovtf CHAS. H. MAROT, Agent, 814 Chestnut St.. Phila.

SECOND HAND BOOKS.

liy Mail. .11 l:^.ci|,l uf I'ruH-.

Speak Quickly if You Want Them.

0"Say in your order "Second-hand List."*'5j|l

Allen's Domestic Animals

Anderson's Agricultural Chemistry

Beet Culture and Beetf^ugar, by Childs

Beck's New Book of Flowers,

Both Sides of the Grape Question

Boyd's Philadelphia Business Directory (1877-78)

Buist's Family Kitchen (Jardener

Christy's Chemistry of Agriculture

Chorlton's Grape Growers' Guide, 1 copy at

Copeland's Country Life

Cobhett's American Gardener

Dana's Muck Manual

Donaldson's Manures, Grass and Farming

Downing's Rural Essays

" Fruits an i Fruits Tree of America, 1 copy at
" " " " 1 copy at

" " " " 1 copy at

'' Landscape Gardening and Rural Architecture,
" Cottage Residences

Downing's Cottage Residences (8vo)

Fowler's Homes for All ....

Field's Pear Culture ....

French's Farm Drainage ....

Friend's Intelligencer, 12 bound vols, at subscription price

Fuller's Small truit Culturist

" Grape Culturist ....

Guernon on Milch Cows ....

Henderson's Gardening for Profit

Horticulturist, >^ Tky., (good as new) 3 vols., 1855, 1856,
and 1857, 82.50 each ....

Hovey's Magazine, 17 vols, bound, (scarce) .
" " vols. 1 to 30 " " .

Johnson's Agricultural Chemistry

Kern's Landscape Gardening

Loudon's Encyclopsedla of Agriculture, i^ Tky.,

" " Cottage Architecture, J4 Tky.,

Liebeg's Farmers' Chemistry, 1394 pages, 8 vo. ' .

Leibeg's Familiar Letters on Chemistry

Marazathy's Grape Culture and Wine Making

Mead's " " "

WcMahon's American Gardener

Mcintosh's Orchard, with colored plates,
" Greenhouse with colored plates,

Money in the Garden

Munn's Practical Land Drainer

Neill'.s Fruit, Flower and Vegetable Gardener's Companion 1 00

Korton's Scientific Agriculture . •■ ""

New American Orchardist

Pear Culture for Profit

Planter's Guide

Quinby's Bee Keeping

Beemelin's Vine-dresser's Manual, .

Saunder's Domestic Ponltry

Smee on the Potato Plant '.

Tobacco and its Culture, Billings, .

Ten Acres Enoueh

Todd's How to Make Farming Pay .

Warder 's American Pomology

Wood'sClass-book of Botany

" " " for Schools,

" Object Lessons in Botany

Woodward's Rural Art
" Graperies

Address,

1 00

1 00

75

1 50

1 25
75
75
75

2 25

1 00

2 00
2 25
2 50
1 00

1 25

2 00
75

1 00
CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

1 00
75

1 .50
20
75
75
75
60
75

4 00
1 00

1 00

2 00
1 50

3 00

5 00

1 25
3 00

2 00
1 50

75
1 00
1 00
31 20
1 00
1 00

75

1 00

7 50
17 00
30 00

2 00
1 25
7 50
7 .50

3 50
.1 00

4 00
3 00
1 25
3 00
3 00
1 -25

50

FIRST-CLASS FLORIST BUSINESS,

WJ TU G liJJKy // O USES.

Terms easy. For particulars, address, "G," Box ridi, Newport,
R.I. tnovS

Deiirey^s Colored Fruit Plates.

The A7i'f»' CAT A L<mV h: f.r IS7S i- now rt-tiili/,
containing sonii' iiOO Srw Tvsttil J'rtrlrl im Colorfil from

iVf/fttre, eiiilii'arinK all l\\<- pupular 1 iiiil>.

ORNAMENTAL TREES. SHRUBS. ROSES. &c.
Ctiltivntrd hi/ Sttr.ierytneit in thf IHitril StiiteM ,\t-
t.'ntion ha.s been given to SOUTIILUN, WKSTLRN and CALI-
FORNIA FRUITS.

Colored Fruit Plate Book No. 1, Pocket Size, ■ . $10

" " " " Cheap Book Mu.slin, . . 6

" " " " " " Leather, . . 7

Medium Plate Book, 50 plates, ...... 8

" " 100 " 15

^S~These books contain only popular plates, and are bound so
that more plates can go in —

The Tree Agent's Private Guide, . . . S2.50

General Nursery Catalogue, 20c each, S2 per dor., $15 per 100
AGEyrS WAKIKD to sell Elliott's Fruit Book and Elli-
ott's Landscai'k Gardkning. Send for Catalogue and Cir-
cular. For Labels, Label Ink, La>)el Pencils, Wax Fruits, Glass
Jars for putting up specimen fruits, Ac, address,
oct2 P. M. DEWEY. Rochester, N. Y.

The Gardener's Monthly.

THE FOLL(lWIN(i

BACK NUMBERS

WANTKIi,

IN GOOD CONDITION.

Avgrtst, 1869. January, 1873. March, 1875

September, " fJecfmher, " January, 1876

October, " January, 1874. January, 1877

A'ovember, " Fehruary, " February, "

December, " August, " March, "

January, 1870. January, 1875. August, "

July, " February, " January, 1878

January, 1872. February, "

March, "

Receivable in exchange on .Subscription account, or exchang-
able for other nnmbers not in above list. Send numbers pre-paid
by mail, and advise the publisher. Address,

CHAS. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

Wilson's Early Blackberry,

(Root Cuttings), OSAGEORANGE, 1 to2 years,SILVER MAPLE
and APPLE SEEDLINGS, ASPARAfiUS ROOTS, DOOLITTLE
and BRANDYWINE RASPBERRY PLANTS. PEACH TREES.
A LARtiE STOCK of SILVER, SUCIAR and NORWAY MA-
PLES, with a full line ol NURSERY PRODUCTS. For prices

oct2] Address, DAVID BAIRD, Manalapan, N. J.

f ilit Stocks

MAZZARD STOCKS,

MAHALEB STOCKS,

APPLE STOCKS,

AND MANY OTHER ITEMS.

Price by the 1000 or )jy tlic i|iiantity given, on application.
The season has lieen very favorable to the growth of these stocks
this year. Our stock is large, and the ijlants fine, and we invite
correspondence from those wanting a supjily. Catalogues sent
on application.

THOMAS MEEHAN,

sep-3 Germantown, Phila.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

nsTTTiesEie"^ c-a.isids,

-ee&Send for C
EDWIN ALLEN,

Xurseryiuan, New Brunswick, N. J.

BELLEVUE NUESEE7 CO.,
Florists & Plant (irowers, Paterson, >'. J.

CHAS. BLACZ & BBO. ^

Nurserymen, Hightstown, X. J.

JNO. S. COLLINS,
Small Fruit I'huits Ac, Moorestown, N.J.

HENB7 A. DBEEB,

•Seedsman & Florist, Philada., Pa.

GIBSON & BENNETT, Nursery and

Fruit (Growers, Woodbury, N. J.

Ircular and conditions of insertion under tli
SOBT. J. EALLIDAY, Bulbs and

Winter-blooming Plants, Baltimore, Md.

A. HANOE & SON, Nurserymen and

Florists, Red Bank, New .Jersey.

PETEE HENDEBSON 4 CO., Wholesale
Seed>nii'n and Florists, New York City.

THOMA

is reading.=U-9
POLK & HtATT,

Nurserymen, Odessa, Del.

MEEHAN.
Nurseryman A Tree Seeds, Germant'n,Phil.

JNO. OTNELTNOE, Nursery, & .Small Fruits,
(Exchange Stock,) Turner Junction, 111.

J. JENEINS,

Nurseryman, Winona, Ohio.

r. E. PIEESON, Florist and

Strawberry (jrower, Tarrytown, N. Y.

WU. PAEEY, Pomona Nursery,

Cinnaminson, N. J.

BICEABSSON b NICHOLAS,

Nurserymen, Geneva, N. Y.

JAUES H. BICEETTS,

Choice Grape Vines, Newburgh, N. Y.

C. VAUSHAN, Importer and

Dealer in Bulbs, Chicago, 111.

FLORISTS' NEW LIFE,

Of the Rarer Sorts, to

Arrive in November.

KYMPHEA ODORATA.

SUPPLIES,

Straw Baskets.

SEND FOR PRICES.

J. C. VAUGHAN. 12.3 Randolph Street. Chicago. Ills.

Artificial Wood Ornaments.

FOR SALE BY

THOS. THOMPSON, SONS & CO.,

240 South Second St., Philadelphia.
JOHN DUER & SONS,

24 South Charles Street, Baltimore; Md.
JOS. WOODWELL & CO.,

Cor 2d Avenue and Wood Street, Pittsburgh, Pa.
GLiESCHER & KUHLMAN, 534 Main St.. Cincinnati, O. [octl2

SOUTHERN ENTERPRISE

For the Developuient of our Material Resources, devoted to
Immigration, Southern Progress, National Pro.sperity Happy
Rural Life through Practical Horticulture, Elevat«d Agriculture
(the former being the cradle of the latter). Diversified Industries,
etc., is

PUBLISHED AT ATLANTA. GA., FOR $1 PEE, ANNUM.

•S. T. Jenkins, Editor and Proprietor; J. S. Newman, Associate
Editor. Receive — impart; know — be known. Everything shall
be sacrific&d to reliability. feb. 12.

GARDENING FOR PROFIT.

BY PETER HENDERSON. |

A Guide to the successful cultivation of the j

MARKET AND FAMILY GARDEN.

New and enlarged edition. Illustrated. 276 Pages, 12nio, cloth.
Price, 81.50. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

CLASS BOOK OF BOTANY.

By Alphonso Wood, A. M.
Being outlines of the Structure, Physiology and Classification of
Plants ; with a Flora of the United States and Canada. 832 pages,
8vo, half arabesque cloth sides. Price, J3.50. Sent by mail post-
paid on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

DENNISONS

'^CHEAP AND RELIABLE
I PATENT

-SHIPPING TAGS

FORSALEATTHIS OFF/C£,

Address CHAS. H. MAROT.

814 Chestnut St., Philadelphia.

(CANNELL.)

We offer a fine stock of this beautiful new (ieranium. Bright
scarlet, distinctly striped and flaked with white, like a Carna-
tion, and a very free bloomer. $1.00 each, 810.00 per doz.

Ne'w Salvia (Hoveyii), color a deep royal purple. A fine
novelty. 50 cents each.

Geraninins— Bishop 'Wood and Jennie Reid.
20 cents each, 5^1.75 per doz.

The above will be sent by mail, post paid, when not ordered by
express. Address, ELLIS BROS., Kekne, N. H. novl

V

ERBENA

S

Strong, Health V Stock Plants of Verbenas in
50 named varieties. Price «3.00 per 100, $20.00
per 1000, if taken during November.

Rooted cuttings $1.00 per 100, S7.50 per 1000. Samples of Plants

and cuttings sent by mail on application.

nov 2 J. H. SHEPARD, Plantsville, Conn.

Double Tuberose Bulbs.

Shipped in Nov. and Dec. Doz. 100. 1000.

First quality large flowering bulbs, - 8 .75 83.00 820.00
Second qualty flowering bulbs, - - ..50 2.00 15.00

A few hundred extra large bulbs, - 1.00 5 00

Dwarf Pearl, first quality flowering bulbs, 1..50 6.00

If sent by mail, 25 cents per dozen, extra,

MILLER & HATES,
nov 2 5774 Germanto-wn Ave., Philadelphia

AMERICAN GARDENER'S ASSISTANT.

By Thomas Brids^eman.

Containing complete practical directions for the cultivation of
Vegetables, Flowers, Fruit Trees and Grapevines. Illustrated.
529 pages, 12mo, cloth. Price $2.50. Sent by mail post-paid on
receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

WINDOW GARDENING.

By Henry T. Williams.
Devoted specially to the Culture of Flowers and Ornamental
Plants for In-door use and Parlor Decoration. Splendidly illus-
trated. 300 pages, med. 8vo, cloth. Price 81.50. Sent by mail
post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

ROSES AND ROSE CULTURE.

By Wm. Paul, F.R.H.S.
The rationale of Rose cultivation in a nut-shell. Intended to
place within a small compass all that is necessary for the successful
cultivation of the " Queen of Flowers." 83 p.iges, izmo, paper-
boards. Price, 60 cents. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of
price. Address,

CHAS. H MAROT,
814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

THE Hi) I! ri < TL TURA L AD VEli Tl^EK.

Rickett's New Seedling G-rapes

LADY \VASHIN<;T()N. The ln>st Unrdy Wliilc tiraiii' ivcr
iill"i-n-<i to tin- piililic. Also iiiv Now Fxu'lic Sci'illinj; HI-ACK
Ml'SCAT (JKAl'lC, "WKLCOMi:." the ImsI Cnipc in cxislenrf.
St'iid for New Circular and Pn.r List d \ iiu-^ :iii(l Wood with
stam,. JAMES H. RICKETTS,

t,,rt'J N''» I'uruti, N. 1 .

CHOICE STOVE UNO CREENHOOSE PUITS,

Ity Iloivj. S. Williiims, 1'. ii. II. S.

With descriptions of upwards of eleven hundred species and
varieties. Instructions fortheircultivation and mod'' of nianagc-
nient. Illustrated with eolored frontispiece and numerous
splendid illustrations. 68G pages, 2 vols., I'Jmo, cloth. Price
S5.00. Sent by mail post- paid on receipt of price.

Address CHA.S. H. MAROT.

814 llhestuut St , Phila.

GARDENING BY MYSELF.

By Anna Warner.

Containing Hints and E.xperiences under heading of each
month in the year. Illustrated. 16mo, 223 pages, cloth. Price
SI .2-3. Sent by' mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS H. MAP.OT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

GRAPE CULTURALIST.

By Andrew S. Fuller.

A treatise on the Cultivation of the Native Grape. Illustrated.
28G pages, 12mo, cloth. Price 81.50. Sent by mail post-paid on
receipt of price.

Address CHAS. II. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

FRUIT SEEDS, &C.

M(( h (( Ic b Seeds,

Ma::::ar(l Seeds,
Phim Seeds, Peaeh Seed, &c.

We shall have our usual supply of these seeds, of good quality,
anil early eoriespotideix'e is soijcilufl, where larye quautUiea
at foij" jiricfs are reiiuired.

Send for our Catalogues.

PARSONS ON THE ROSE.

By Samuel B. Parsons.

A treatise on the Propagation, Culture and Iliftory of the
Rose. Illustrated. 215 pages 12mo, cloth. Price §1.50. Sent.
by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

BOOK OF EVERGREENS.

By Jusiah Huopes.

A practical treatise on the Conifera; or Cone-bearing plants.
Handsomely illustrated. 43.t pages, 12mo, cloth. Price ii'S.W
Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

ORNAMENTAL TREES.

By Thomas Meehan.

An American Hand-Book, containing the personal observa-
tions of \lie author. 257 pages, 24mo, cloth. Price 7.5 cts. Sent
by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

Manual of Botany of tie Nortlern Uultei States.

By Asa Gray.

Including the district east of the Mississippi and north of Carolina
and Tennessee. Arranged according to the Natural System. Illus-
trated with 2o plates of Sedges, Grai-ses, Ferns, &c. 703 pages,
8vo, half-arabesque cloth sides. Price, JS2.25. Sent by mail post-
paid on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

THOMAS MEEHAN,

sei.t..3.

Gernnantown, Philadelphia.

CLEMATIS

JACKMANNII FLAMMULA. and other sorts. Dicentra spectabilis

.Astillpc japoiiiea, lar;;e plants ; I'apne indica, Oranges, Callas,
Caiiiations. Houvardia.s aixl Violets. Roses grown in I'ots. For

Prices apjilv to

GERALD

ALTORFER,

H'hS'l CHESTER, PA.

HAND-BOOK

PRACTICAL LANDSCAPE

GARDENING.

HV K. 1!. El.I.i

Designed for City and Suburlian P>e.sidences, and Country
School-Houses; containing vle."-igns for lots and grounds, from
a lot 30 by 100, to a forty-acre plot. Each plan is drawn to scale,
with schedule to each, showing where each tree, shrub, Ac,
should be planted; condensed instructions for forming and caring
for lawns; building of roads; turting, protection, pruning and
care of trees; making cuttings, evergreens, hedges, screens, Ac.
Condensed descrijitions of all the leading trees arid shrubs; soil
and position in which tliey should be grown. Illustrations of
ground plans, elevations, trees, shrubs, winter gardening, <ic.
96 pp., 8 vo. cloth. Price 31.50. Sent by mail on receipt of price.
Address,

CHAS H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila

TO FLORISTS,

CARNATION BLOOMS

In large quantities are offered to Florists the coming season.

THOS. F. SEAL,

sep.tf L'SIONVILLE, CHESTER CO., PA.

Orchid Grower's Manual

BY BENJ. F. WILLIAMS, F. R. H. S.

Containing descriptions of 930 Species and Varieties of
Orchidaceous Plants with notices of times of flower-
ing, ajiitroved modes of treatment and practical instructions on
general culture. Remarks on heat, moisture, soil, seasons of
growth and rest suited to the >everal specie-;.

FIFTH EDITION ENLARGED WITH COLORED FRONTISPIECE,
and numerou.-s beautiful ilhistrations, 336 PageS 12 ITIO.
Cloth. Price, $3.50- Sent by mail, postage free on re-
ceipt of price.

4th edition of the above work also on hand, 300 pages 12 mo.
cloth, illustrated. Price S2.o0. Sent mv mail, postage free, ou
receipt of price. Address, CHAS. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St.,

Phila.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

11

Medal and Diploma awarded by the U. b. Oen
tennial Commission, 1876, to

Manufacturers of Patent Improved

Portable CellularFireBoxRetiimFlue Boiler

AND

PATEUT PORTABLE CELLULAH FIRE BOX

Base Burner Boiler,

FOR HEATING

Greenhouses, Graperies^ Conservatories, Propagatlny HouseSf For-
cing Pits, Public and Private Buildings^ Sc/tools, Drying
lioornSf and Heating Water for Baths*

ALSO KEEP CONSTANTLY ON HAND

Expansion Tanks, Evaporating Pans, Stop Valves, Cast-iron Pipe, Elbows, Tees, Branches, Pipe
Chairs and everything necessary, of the best material, for Greenhouse Heating.

Smith & Lj^nch's Improved Ventilating Apparatus, for opening and closing Ventilating
Sash, on roof or sides of Greenhouses and Graperies.

Judges' Report on awards, with descriptive illustrated circular containing testimonials and
reference. Also price list furnished on application to

SMITH & LYNCH,

fe ,2 BOSTON, MASS.

12

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

GRAPE VINES.

Also GRAPE WOOD and CUTTINGS. LARGEST STOCK IN AMERICA.

All U'luiiiiK' vari.iii's i.i Uu^i' >iil>l'ly- Hxliii qiiiiliiy. Tnic to name. Sp.ciul rates to Aki'mN. lu-ul.is and Nursi'ryinon. Our
list ol'custonuMS iKiw cniliraci's ncailv all llii' Iraiiiug nurseiynii-n in the fininl t v. In wlimn we wmiM refer llmse not aoiuainltid
with ourstock. Descriptive CataloguB and Price List Free. T. S. HUBBARD, Fredonia, N. Y. auglO

SAUL'S

STANDARD PEARS A SPECIALTY.

.■>t ami lie>t ^1.

STANDARD PEARS

.rtnient
I'riees

1 Extra and First-

ow. Aihlre",

In the country. .\Nii a full a.'i^

Class Nursery Stock.

RICHARDSON &, NICHOLAS,
aug.tf. a-DEiNTE^r.^, 2sr. "S".

ASPARAGUS CU LTU RE.

The n- at JHitUiKls Eiiiplo>/ed in Kn<ilandnnd France.

]-tv .JaniCfi Harnes and Wm. Kohin.son, F. L. S.
Illustrateii, 23 pages, 12 mo, paper. Price 20 cents. ^Mailed,
po.stage free, on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila

ARITHMETIC MADE EASY.

ROPP S EASY CALCULATOR

Is a new publication tliat must prove of incalculahk- beiietit to
Farmers, Mechanics and Business Men. It is so rajii<l and origi-
nal a-s to M-Art\e the most .scholarly, and yet so .s/(n/;/c and //rac-
/iail tliat tile most illitemte. in figures can iiistaiildnemisly i)ecome
his own accountant. If enables thousands to arcmtiplish in a
minute what tliey could not /earn to calculate in many months.

Tlie first jwrt containing an entirely new si/.stcm of Tables,
which .shows «< a 9/rtHce tlie exact values of all kinds of (Jrain,
Stock, Hay, Coal, Lumber, Merchandi.se, etc., from one pound up
to a cnr load, and for any price which the market is likely to
reach ; the interest on any sum for any time at ti, 7, 8 and 10 per
cent.; correct niea.surenient of all kinds of Lumber, Saw Logs,
Cisterns, Tanks, Granaries, Bins, Wagon Beds, Corn Cribs; a
Time, Wages, and many other valuable tables.

The Second part is a practical Aritlimetie, and embodies a
simple matluiiiatieal principle which cnaliles ani/ one familiar
with the fundamental rules to become a lii/li/nin;/ calculator ; and
by which over ta-o-lhirds of the figures and labor required by the
ordinary methods, smA fnutiotu with their intricacies, are en-
tirely avoided.

The work is nicely printed on fine tinted paper, is well and
elegantly bound in pocket-book shape and is acoom])anied by a
Silicate Slate, Memorandum and Pocket for paper. It is by far
the most coinplete, comprelicnsive and convenient jiocket manual
ever publislied.

Prices Bound in Russia Leather, Gilded,
S2.00, Morrocco, SI.50; Fine English Cloth,

$1.00. ■'^ciit ijost-jiaid (in receii.t of price. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Che-stnut St., Phila.

The Native Flowers and Ferns of the
United States.

EDITED BY THOMAS MEEHAN.
Superbly Illustrated by Chronio Lithographic Plates. The
best, cheapest, and mo.st attractive botanical book ever pui)lished.
Published by L. PRAN(; & CO., Boston. Sold only by sul)scrii>-
tion. A few' experienced Canvassers wanted.

CHARLES ROBSON, General Agent,
tfoct. 723 Sansom Street, Philadelphia.

m^Emi

WASHINGTON, D. C.

TIic undersiKne<l oilers u line stock of tlii' following at low
rales.

Japanese Persimmon or Kaki, 8 Choice Varieties.

FEAES. — Souvenir du Congress, Pitmaston Ducliesse, and other

new sorts, Ac., a heavy stock of fine trees.
NEW PEACHES.— Tl'ic New Earlv Varieties, also the New
Very Late Sorts.

Fruit Trees of all kinds

An lC.\tensive Stock, viz;

PLUMS, CHERRIES, APRICOTS, APPLES,
suitable to the SOUTH. Sic.
GRAPE VINES, STRAWBERRIES, RASPBERRIES,
Sec, new .sorts Evetgreens, New Ornamental Trees, New
Shrubs, &c., Small Sizes, suitable for Nurserymen ;us weii
as large stock in great variety.

DUTCH BULBS.

Large importations direct from tlic leading growers in Hol-
land. First (luality liull)s: Hyacinths, Lilies, Tulii)s, Ac. New
and rare (ireenliouse Plants, Winter Blooming Plants.

PELARGONIUMS.— A Lih-ge stock of the flew choice va-
rieties.
NEW ROSES.y-Duchess of Edinburg, Perle des Jardins

Sec, witli an immense stock of finest varieties grown irk

pots in open ground.
New Wistarias, New Clematis, Geraniums, Primulas,
&c.

Catalogues mailed to a|)plicants.

septs JOHN SAUL, Washington, D. C.

CAMELLIAS.

A fine stock of the above, well set with buds, clean, liealthv
plant.s, ranging from IS inches to 4 feet high. Having a sur])lu.s^
stock I will sell at a low figure. Also, 24 new Chry.santheniums,.
Pompone, large flowering, and Japanese; and 24 new Douiile
Zonale Geraniums. List with prices sent on application.

R. SCOTT,

sept 3 7.55 South 19th St., Philadelphia.

J{a.spberrlett,

lilaekherriet,

Pmit Trees,
Vines and flanttt.
30,000 PEACH TREES.
Send for catalogue.

WM. PARRY,

Cinmtminson, N. J.

Sharpless

STRAWBERRY,

The Largest and Best.

By Edward Sprague Rand, Jr.

A treatise on Hardy and Tender Bulbs and Tubers. 369 [
12mo, cloth. Price, 82.30. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of '
price

Address, CHAS. H. MAUOT.

814 Chestnut Street, Pliiladelphia.

PLANTS FOR FLORIST STOCK.

IN GREAT QUANTITY AND VARIETY.

Send for Price List. (HOMWELLL A CONtiDON.

nov6 yi(r.\eri/inen and Florist, Baltimore, Md,

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

13

CLUB PAPERS AT NET PRICES,

ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED.

TO REMIT IN CLUBBING

any of the following list with the
GARDENER'S MONTHLY,
Select such as you wish, foot up the prices annexed, and add TWO DOLLARS
for the MONTHLY to the total.

American Agnculturist SI 20 \

" Artisan 1 60

Builder 2 (iO

" Farmer 1 3o

" Journal of Microscopy 80

Naturalist 3 25

" Odd Fellow 1 60

Appleton's Journal 2 50

Arthur's Home Magazine 1 85

Atlantic Monthly 3 4.5 I

Boston Cultivator : 1 60

Building Association Journal 75

" Societies Gazette, London, England 1 35

Buck's County Intelligencer, old subscribers, $2.(50, new 2 10

California Horticulturist 2 75

Central Union Agriculturist and Chromo 1 70 ,

Children's Friend 1 35

" Hour 1 15

Coleman's Rural World 1 80

Country Gentleman 2 10

Demorest's Magazine 2 60

Eclectict Magazine 4 60

Farmer's Home Journal 1 35

Farm Journal 20

Frank Leslie's Ladies' Magazine 3 10

Review 2 10

Germantown Telegraph, old subscribers, S^.oO, new 2 20

Godey's Lady Book 2 15

Graphic, (Dailv), per year 9 50 :

HaU's Journal' of Health 1 50

Harper's Bazar 3 35

" Magazine 3 .35

" Weekly 3 35

Herald of Health 1 60

Household 85

Iowa Homestead 1 60 \

Journal of Chemistry 1 10

Journal of Materia Medica 1 10

Kansas Farmer 1 35

Lady'sFIoralCabinet, with Chromo 1 01

Ladies' Repository 3 35

Leslie's Lady's Journal 3 60 ,

Lippincott's Magazine 3 10

Littell's Living Age 7 60

London (harden 8 75

London Gardener's Chronicle 7 50

Maine Farmer 2 10

Manufacturer and Builder 1 85

Maryland Farmer 1 35

Massachusett's Ploughman S2 60

Metroiiolitan 1 85

Milling Journal 1 85

Moore's Rural New Yorker 1 85

Nation 4 75

National Baptist 2 35

New England Farmer 2 35

" " Homestead 2 10

New York Evangelist 2 60

" " Methodist 2 20

" Herald Weekly 1 OO

" Post Wfi'klv, S1.40, Semi-Weeklv 2 60

" Times, Weeklv, 11.40 ; Semi-Weekly 2 60

" " Tribune, Weekly, $1.40; Semi-Weekly 2 60

" " World, Weekly, $1.40 ; Semi-Weekly 2 60

North-Western Farmer 1 10

Nursery 1 20

Ohio Farmer 1 50

Our Home Journal 2 25

Park's Floral Gazette 40

Penn Monthlv 2 10

Peter's Musical Monthly 2 60

PctiiMin's Magazine 1 70

Pliiludclpliia Wveklv Press ... 1 60

Philadclpliia W.ekly Times » 35

Plireuological Jotirnal 1 60

Poultry World 1 OO

Poultry World, colored plate edition 1 75

Popular Science Monthlv 4 20

Practical Farmer, (Weekly.) 1 60

Prairie Farmer 1 60

Purdv's Small Fruit Recorder 85

Saint" Niiliulas 2 60

Saturday ICvening Post 1 75

Scientific American 1 75

Scientific Farmer. 85

Scribner's Monthly 3 45

Southern Cultivator 1 85

Southern Planter and Farmer 1 85

Vick's Illustrated Monthly Magazine 95

Waverly Magazine ^ 4 65

Western Agriculturist 85

Western Farmer 1 80

" Rural 1 50

Working Farmer 1 10

Young Folk's Monthly 95

Young Scientist 40

Youth's Companion, new subscribers, S1.40 ; old sui)scribei-s 1 75

The above includes postage under the new U. S. Law requiring prepayment of postage before
mailing.

After subscription to a club paper through this agency, report non-receipt of your numbers
and other causes of dissatisfaction, irregularities of mails or changes of residence, only to said
paper direct [not to this office). '

Remit by P. O. Order, Draft or Registered Letter. Currency is at risk of mails.

If you wish a receipt or reply, enclose postage stamp for that purpose, otherwise the club papers will be considered a sufficient,
receipt.

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

14

THE HORTICULTUltAL ADVERTISE li.

Index to Advertisements.

AilviTllM-is lire rf'jii'.i'ril In lutv unter.i ill haml iif I'.AKI.Y as
russiiil.K. <^if>ii rfreitrit nfler the ~2d of riich month cannot he IN-
MKKii insTlion in thf nril ixsur.

All.-ii S. I,. A. (■..., I'hiliidelphiii, Pa 7

Altnif.T (.. raid. Wi-^t ClR-stcr, I'li HI

]<iiin.l l>;iviil, M:iiiala|iaii, N. .). 8

llayirxlc.rr.r M. M. .V < <i. I'liiladi-liiliia 4

Itrarkciiriiluc A., I iovaiist.iwii, Md 2

Hull Will., 1 1.Mi. Kiiwland Flv-loaf

Itrvaiit .1. M., I'liiladilidiift I'lv-k-al"

« hattitld A. 1'., Altiaiiv, N. Y. ("ver

Ctiaiiin <i. II., l5o.sIc.li, Mitss f>

(■..lliiis .lolui S., Mo-.r^stowii, N. J 1-1

<'iiHcii N., Nt»- York II

Cii.iiiwL'll .V ('<iiii;diiii, Italliniiire, Md IJ

lifHfv I». .M., II.mIuMvi-, X. Y S

l>i<k ,"l..liii, riiila.Udi.hia. 7

I>r<'or Hi'iirv, l'lillad(-li>hiu, I'll 6,7

KIdtr Walli-r, I'liiladi'li.hia (5

Kills Hr..s., Ki'i-iie, N. II !»

"G," Hox (iiil, No«|».rt, U.I 8

i;ricvi-< .1., I'atiTs.iii, X. .1 (1

(iilis.iM (t Ik'unelt. Woodlmrv, N.J 2

< ;iii->ilier and Kiihliiiaii, Cincinnati, 0 1)

i..ili.ls F., .\lL-iii|.liis, Toiin 2

Harris Win K., I'hihuU-lphia 3

llciidfrsiiii IVttT A C»., Xew York 1

ililcliinus A Co., Xew York ■■.

Hubl.ard T. 8., Fredonia, X. Y 12

Kelsfv F. W., Roi-hester, Xew York Fly-leaf

Landi'fth, David A Sons, Philadelphia Fly-leaf

Lord's llorticulliiral Works, Irvingtoii-on-the Hudson, N. Y.. 4

Ludlow F.,Xaperville, 111 7

Lvnix U., Philadelphia 6

Marot (has. IL, Philadelphia,';, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12,13, 14, Fly-leaf, cover

Milium Thos, (icrniantown, Phila 8, 10

Miller A Hayes, Philadelphia !)

Jlunson T. v., Denison, Texa-s O

Kiinnio Alex., Urooklyn, X. Y' .O

Nielson IL, St. Joseph", Mo «

Nursery Cards 9

Parry, Win., Cinnainiuson, X. J 12

Parsons A Sons Co., Flushing, X'. Y Cover

Parsons R. li. & Co., Flushing, N. Y 14

Richardson & Xicliola.s, Geneva, X. Y 12

Ridcetts James IL, Xewhurgh, X. Y. 10

Robson Charles, Pliihidelphia 12

Rogers C. B., Philadelphia 2

Rolker August A Sons, Xew York 1,7, Flv-leaf

.Saul John, Washington, I). C. 12

Seal Thos. F., liiionville, Pa 10

Scott R., Philadeljihia 12

Shejiard J. IL, Plantsville, Conn 9

Situations Wanted. 14

Smith A Hutler, Xewport, R. 1 2

Smith A Lynch, Boston, Mass 11

Southern Enterprise, Atlanta, Ua 9

Straiton A Storm, Xew York. 2

Townsend, Ilammar A Co., Boston 8

Transoii P. A E., Xew York ('over

Vaughan .1. ('., Chicago, 111 9

AVatson William, Brenham, Texas 14

Wood Edmund M.. Boston. 5

AVright Peter A Sons, Philadelphia. 2

Young C. A Sons, St. Louis, Mo 2

Flowciiiii» Camellias,

Wc an- this yi-ar again al>li' to oH'.t mtv fun' plants,

WITH A GREAT ABUNDANCE OF FLOWER BUDS.

Piirchasei- will tind lli:il tin- llowii- will iiliiin iiiocli iiioic
than the cost of Ihr plaiil-. .\ ii;; llie hudded suits are

ALBA 7LENA ANI OTBER EOOS WHITES,

As will as till- hcsl colond kind-. For |)ii(es addn'>s,

R. B. PARSONS & CO.,

I BOX 90.

I^l-a.sla.i3:i.gr, iT. "ST.
<!;BEF0RE BUYINGr GLASS.-- ESTIMATES

H-MHOAM3H "J^S ^VNV^ /.OoS

' t 'saaa-iOH 'sasnoH-jLoii 'sarjadVHO *<

SITUATIONS WANTED.

AS head gardener in a gentleman's family or nursery foreman.
"Thorough i)ractical in all its branches, having had great ex-
perience in England, Scotland and this country. First class tes-
timonials. Address J. W. P. care of Messrs Hovey A Co, Nursery-
men and Seedsmen, 16 'South Market Street, Boston, Ma.ss., to
■whom reference mav be made.

BY an English nurseryman, married, to take charge of a private
place, cemetery, public park, or could take the management
of a small nursery and seed business. Twenty years experience,
six in this country. Highest testimonials. Address H., box 113
New Ipswich, N. H.

2,000,000.

(ienuine Strawberry, Raspberry, Blackberry, Currant, Grape
Vines, Asparagus Roots, Peach Trees, Ac., Ac. Good Stock,
Lowi:sT Pricks. Xkw Cataloguk now readv. Sent free.
augtf JOHN S. COLLINS, Moorestown, N. J.

i$$"rto^

Foreman Wanted.

A first-cla.ss outKloor working foreman, one who is well u]) in
the pro])agation (d' Fruit Trees, and hardy ornamental nursery
stock, and is willing to do what he is told. Ixication very
healtliv. Good wages to a good man. Address, stating wages
wanted. WILLIAM WATSOX,

oft-2 I'oscdale Xnrseries, Brenliam, Texas.

TaWN" AND SHADE TREEST

By F. R. Elliott.

Deciduous and EvergreeiV Trees and Shrubs, for planting in
Parks, Gardens, Cemeteries, &c., Kc. Illustrated. 125 pages,
i2mo, cloth. Price, g 1. 50. Sent by mail, post-paid, on receipt of
price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

HOW PLANTS GROW.

By Asa Gray, M. D.

A simple Introduction to Structural Botany, with a Popular
Flora, or an arrangement and description of Common Plants,
both wild and cultivated. Illustrated with 500 wood engravings.
233 pages, large lOmo, half-arabesque, paper sides. Price 81 25.
Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. 1L4R0T.

814 Cbeatuut St., Phila.

PRACTICAL FLORICULTURE.

By Petek Henderson.
A Guide to the successful cultivation of

FLORISTS' PLANTS,

hr i\\c Amateur and rro/essional Florist. Illustrated. 288 pages,
i2mo, cloth. Price, $1.50. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt 01
price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

HOW TO LAY OUT A GARDEN.

By Kdward Kemp.

A general guide in Choosing, Forming and Improving an Es-
tate (Irom a (juarter-acre to a huiidr.d acres in extent), with
reference to both design and execution. Illustrated with nu-
merous plans, sections and sketches. 403 pages, 12mo, cloth.
Price S2.50. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.
Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

RURAL AND PRACTICAL BOOKS, (and any others in the market not' on this list) will be
sent by mail, post paid, on receipt of price. Address Chas. H. Marot, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

Allen's, R- L.. DLse.ises of Domestic Animals §1 00

Allen's, L. F. RuraKArehilecture 1 50

Allen's L.F., Aniericiin Gittle 2 50

Allen's, R. L. ct L. F., New American Farm Book 2 50

Allen's, R, L., American Farm Book 1 50

American Bird Fancier, (Brown's).
American Weeds and Useful Plants

1 75

Apple Culturist. S- E. Todd :.... 1 50

Art of Propagation, (Jenkins) 50

Art of Saw Filing 75

Art of Graftiiifj and Budding 2 00

Architect it Builders" Pocket Companion, tuck,S2.cloth. 1 55
Arciiitecture. ]\Ioderh American, Cummings & Miller... 10 00

Asi)aragus Culture, paper 20

Baker's Fruit Culture •. 4 00

Bassett on Cranberry Culture -iO

Barry's Fruit (Jarden 2 50

Bell's Carpentry made easy 5 00

Benicnt's Poulterers' Companion 2 00

Bement's Rabbit Fancier -V)

Beet Root i^ugar 1 50

Bieknell's Village Builder. 77 plates 12 00

Bomnier's Method of Making Manures • 25

Boupsingnult's J. 15., Rural Economy 1 60

Breek's New Book of Flowers 1 25

Bridgcmau's American Gardener's Assistant 2 50

Bridgenian's Fruit Cultivator's Manual ] 00

Bridgeinan's Kitchen Gardener's Instructor 1 00

Building Associations, How to Manage 2 00

Building Assoiations, What They Are 57

Buist's, Robert, Am. Flower Garden Directory 1 50

Buist's, Robert, Family Kitchen (Jardener 1 00

Burr's Field and Garden Vegetables of America 5 00

Carpenter and .Toiner's Hand Book, (IJollyi 75

Chorltnn's (Jrape-Grower's (iuide 75

Chemisterv of the Farm. (Nichols) 1 25

Cleveland's Villas and Cr)ttages 4 00

Cobbett's American Gardener 75

Cole's S. W. Amcricjin Fruit Book ..' 75

Cole's American Veterinarian 75

Dadd's, Geo. 11., American Cattle Doctor 1 50

Dadd's Modern Horse Doctor 1 50

Dana's. Samuel H., Muck Manual 1 25

Darwin's V.ariaiions of Animals and Plants, (2 vols).... 5 00

Darwin's Inseetiverous Plants, English Edition 7 00

" " " American edition 2 00

DcYoe's Market Assistant 2 50

Diiwning's, A. J., Landscape Gardening 6 50

Downing's Cottage Residences 3 00

Downing's Fruits and Fruit Trees of America 5 00

Downing's Rural Essays 3 50

Downing's Ladies' Companion to the Garden 2 00

.Jacaucs' Manual of the Garden SI 75

•Jennings' Cattle Doctor 1 75

.Jennings' on the Horse and His Diseases 1 7.5

Jennings' Sheep, .Swine and Poultry 1 75

Johnson's Gardeners' Dictionary 3 00

Johnson's How Crops Feed 2 00

Johnson's How Crops (Jrow 2 00

Johnson's Peat and its Uses 1 25

Johnson's Elements of Ag. Chemistry and Geology 1 50

Johnson's J. S- W., Agricultural Chemistry 1 75

Kemp's Landscape Gardening 2 50

Klippart's Farm Drainage 1 75

Jjangstroth, Rev. li. L.. on the Hive and Honey Bee... 2 00

Jjceds' History of the United States 1 50

Leuchars" How to Build Hot-Houses 1 75

Leibig's. Justus. Familiar I^ectures on Chemistry .". 75

Lou.len's Encyclopaedia of Plants 21 00

Lyman's Cotton Culture 1 50

."Mayhew's Practical Book-keeping for farmers ^ 80

^Mechanics' Companion. (}^icliolson) 3 00

Aleehan's Ornamental Trees 75

Allies on the Horse's Foot 75

.Miner's T. B. Bee-keeper's Manual 1 25

Alohr on the Grape-vine 1 00

Money in the Garden 1 50

My Vineyard atLakeview 1 25

"Slv farm of Edgewood 1 '5

.My Ten-rod Farm 50

North American Sy) va, 5 vols.,1.56 col. plates in 30 parts,

unbound 60 00

" HalfTurkey Antique, gilt 70 00

" full " " ■■ 75 00

Nichol's Chemistry of the Farm and Sea 1 2o

Norton's. John P., Elements of Scientific Agriculture. to

Noiris' Fish Culture 1 75

Onion Culture 20

Our Farm of Four Acres •. ' 1 2-3

PacKard's Guide to the Study of Insects cloth (5 00

Parks and Gardens of Paris 7 50

Paul's Book of Roses... ■• 60

Paul's Rose Garden 3 00

colored plates 5 oO

Pa.xton's Botanical Dictionary 15 00

Pardee on Strawberry Culture <o

Parkman's Book of Roses ••• 1 w

Parson's Samuel B., on the Rose , 1 m

Peat and its Uses 1 '20

Pear Culture, Fields 1 2.^

Pcilder's, .James, Farmers' Land-measure 60

Perchcron Horse ■; 1 00

Peterson's Preserving, Pickling and Canning Fruit oO

Phin's Open-air Grape Culture and Wine Making 1 -50

DuBreuil's Vineyard Culture (Dr. Warden) 2 00 Quinn's Pear Culture for Profit..... ..^..... ........ 1 00

Eastwood on Cultivation of the Cranijerry 75 Quinby's :\Iysteries of Bee-keeping Explained 1 oO

Elliott's Western Fruit Grower's Guide 1 50 I Randall's Sheep Husbandry........ 1 OU

Elliott's Landscape Gardening j 1 50 |

Elliott's Lawn and Shade Trees 1 50

Elliott's Fruit Growers' Hand Book, paper, 60 cts. cloth 1 00

Farming for Boys 1 50

Ferns in their Homes and Ours, Robinson 1 50

" of Kentucky, Williamson 2 00

Field's. Thomas, W., Pear Culture 1 25.

Five Acres too Much (illustrated) 1 50

Flagg's European Vineyards 1 50

Fla.K Culture 50

Flint, Chas. L., on Grasses 2 50

Flint's Milch Cows 2 50

Floral Decorations for Dwelling-Houses 1 50

Flower's Homes for All 1 25

French's Farm Drainage 1 50

Fuller's Grape Culturist 1 50

Fuller's Small Fruit Culture 1 50

Fuller's Strawberry Culturist 20

Fuller's Forest Tree Culturist 1 50

Fulton on Peach Culture 1 50

Gentry's Life Histories of Birds, (2 vols) 4 00

Grey's How Plants Grow 1 25

Gray's Manual of Botany 2 25

Gray's Manual, Botany and Lessons, in one vol 4 00

Gray's School and Field Book of Botauy 2 .50

Gregory on Squashes, paper -30

Guernon on Milch Cows 75

Guide to Fortune 1 00

Harazihy's Grape Culture and Wine Making 5 00

Harris' Insects Injurious to Vegeta, clo, S4; col. eng's. 6 50

Harrison the Pig 1 50

Hatfield's American House Carpenter .' 3 50

Henderson's Practical Floriculture 1 50

Henderson's (iardcning for Pleasure 1 50

Henderson's (rardcning for Profit 1 50

Herbert's Hints to Housekeepers 1 75

Hoopes on Evergreens 3 00

Hop Culture 40

How to Buy a Farm, and Where to Find One 1 75

How to Paint 1 00

Hussman's Grapes and Wines 1 50

Randall's Fine Wool Sheep Husbandry 1 00

Rand's Bulbs 2 .50

Rand's Flowers for Parlor and Garden 2 oO

Rand's Popular Flowers and How to Cultivate Them.. 1 '2,'^

Rand's Garden Flowers 2 50

Rand's Orchid Culture 3 00

Rand's Rhododendrons 1 50

Robinson's Alpine Flowers 4 oO

Sub-Tropicial Garden 2 lO

Wild Garden ■-■•.... 2 25

Ropp's Commercial Calculator, cloth, SI, Morocco Tuck 2 (K)

Rose Culturist paper 30

Robbins', R., Prodlice and Ready Reckoner lO

Saunders' Domestic Poultry, paper, 40j. cloth lO

Saxton's Hand Book, in four series, each 1 50

Schcnck's Gardeners' Text-book lO

Scribner's Ready Reckoner and Log-book ;30

Strong's Cultivation of the Grape 3 00

'Pen Acres Enough 1 ?0

Thomas. J. J.. Farm Implements '■ 1 aO

Thomas. J. J.. Fruit Culturist; old cd., S.3,00; newed... 3 50

Tobacco Culture 2.5

Villc's Chemical Manures 1 2o

Warder's American Pomology ,3 00

Hedges and Evergreens 1 oO

Waring's Drainage for Profit and Health 1 oO

Elements of Agriculture 100

Earth CkKsets 50

Webster's Dictionary, I'nabridged 12 W)

AVcH's Kvery Man his own Lawyer 2 00

"WMlliams. B. S., on Stove and Greenhouse Plants, 2

vols. iU'd ;■ .••.. ., 5 00

■W illiams, B. S.. on Select Ferns and Lycopods 2 50

Williams, B. S.. Orchid Grower's Manual, 4th edition.. 2 50

" " ■■ 5th edition.. 3 M

Winilow Gardening •• ..•.• 1 50

White's (iardcning for the South 2 1)0.

Cranberry Culture 1 25

AVood's Class Book of Botany 3 50

Wright's Practical Poultry Keeper 2 00'

Youatt on the Horse J '^

Jacques' Manual of the House 150 "i'ouman's Household Science.

2 W

Japanese Persimmon.

We (illor fur the fall and H'tntrr Trnilr ti very larKi- iiml fine mIooV of lliis Ni>%v nnil Ittillfiloum Fruit. The trccH
have ullliet'ii erowii iil U'list oni' ycnr in our \tirMrrirH, iiiul \>ri\ig lliii>. wi-ll aixllniiitiMl ami with hihhI nmia, jirt- Krcullv prufcr-
alile lo any utliers. No oiif, I'spcfially in th<- SottHiern and -Smith- n'enti-rn Smtm, s\\tiuM lie wiilioia thciii. Tfiey will
ihiivi- whiri'viT tlif Amrrlciin /vraOnrnoM will. Tlu' smalliT trccft ciin In' Mciit liy mail. PBICI, '-' to.'! feet, Jl.OO I'nch; $76
I>or hiiudrctl ; :< to 4 fcot. $2 I'ucli. SISO ixr liiiii<lr<>(l: I to n fi;i't, $3 i-uch. Liboril Discount to Karierymon anl Seilori. Fur tlioiie,
•••"-irons of collecting orders wo can furnish FLATE-BOOE xt $2 ea<'h. Send for DoscrlptiTO Circular.

We bavo alno a most extensive and coinplctc a.H.sortincDt of all kinds of Early asl Half Bariy

FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES, SHRUBS AND VINES.

SPECIALTIES.— Rhododendrons. Hardy and Chinese Azaleas. Camellias, Roses, Magnolias, Purple Beech, Japanese Maples
and New and rare Plants.

PARSONS Sl sons CO., Limited,)

Price List Free. Descriptive (ataloKii.-;io .•■ni.s. KISSHyA X VRSEHJ ES, Flushino, y. r.

A. F. CHATFIELD,

BACK VOLUMES

ANI> liKiiWi

EAST INDIAN

ORCHIDS.

PRICES ON APPLICATION.

Albany, N. Y., March 1, 1878.

mchtf

OF THI:;

GARDENER'S MONTHLY

Can still be had in nnmbers, per year . - . . ?2.10
Hound in neat cloth cases, iucluding numbers, - - . 3.00

" " Roan " "... 3.15

Delivered postage free.
Or mail us your own numbers, and have them bound in cloth
cases for 90 cents. Returned to you bound postage free.
Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT,
814 Chestnut Street,

JPUILA JJELPUIA.

P. & E. TRANSON

FRANCE.

Beg to infbrm their friends and customers generally that their

New List for ISTS and '79

Is now ready and may be had on application to

Messrs. KNAUTH, NACHOD i KUHNE,

113 BROADWAY,

This Catalogue contains Prices of all the FRUIT TREE STOCKS; an extensive list of FRUIT TREES, New and Hardy
ORNAMENTAL PLANTS, CLIMBERS, the Hardiest and best CONIFERS, ROSES on their own roots. Also, SMALL CONIFERS,
DECIDUOUS and EVERGREEN ORNAMENTAL TREES, one or two years' Seedlings, most useful for Nurserymen.

.^"N. B. — ^The greatest attention given to packing. oct3

Donaldson & Co. Printers, 26 South Seventh St., Phila.

53 00

$4 00

$6 00

$8 00

$12 OO

$24 00

$48 OO

2 70

3 60

5 40

7 20

10 80

21 60

43 ^O

2 25

3 00

4 50

6 00

9 00

18 00

36 OO

2 00

2 70

4 00

5 35

8 OO

16 00

c2 OO

1 80

2 40

3 60

4 80

7 20

14 40

28 80

The Gardener's Monthly

AND HORTICULTURIST,

EDITED BY THOMAS MEEHAIM,

A:si:tod ty as ablo Corp: of AUEBICAtT and F0BEI3I7 COSSESPOITDSKTS.

It is nul)lisho(l on (ho first of every month, at the oftko. No. 814 CHESTNUT STREET,
PniLADKLPIIIA, when' all Business eomnmnications should be addressed.
Coiuiminications lor tlie Editor should he addressed: TllOMAS Meehan, (JeumantOAVX. Phiia.

SUBSCRIPTION PRICE, Postage Paid, $2.10.
TERMS OF ADVERTISING:

One Time,

Two to Three Times, each.
Foiir to Six Times, ' '
Seven to Nine Times, "
Ten to T-welve Times, "

Twelve lines iionpariel is >/^ col. A less space than li <""• "'" '"' fiii'iiislx <1 al rates in exael proportion, line for line

Vor THIRD and LAST COVER I'AtMvS; KIKST I'A(;K aUvertiseinent./V/t/wjr reailiiiL' matter; " 1"LY-LKA1' I'At.K." (front of

nnuilier'i before reading; matter and facing first cover— sp.-eial fiKiires will be jjiviii on applieiitioii.

Copv aiid orders for NEW advertisements .should be on band by tbe Slid of eaeb month ; and » W AN'tiKS ol ("<U'Y, runninj,'

contract's by the KUh of each month, to insure them in the lollowiii;,' issue. Address,

CHAS, H. MA ROT, Puhlisherf 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

CONTENTS OF THE DECEMBER NUMBER.

SEAS()X.\riLE HINTS; '(ianlenin}; in Amcriea — A.sei'ut of I'ike's Peak-r-Tlie

T^i ,. „ , . , , T>, ,. , o-y'i-i Ameriean AKrieultiirist — The Blessed l?ces — Jlinti-

Flower dardeii and Plea.su re (.1 round 3.)/i-.i.i4 ^

(ireenhouse and House Gctrdejiing ;5.-)7-r!."),s cultiiral Sucielies— Indiana Stale Horticultural So-

Friiit and Vegetaldc (Jardening "lil eiitv. :;77-.'.7s

rORRESPONBENCE: NKW f)Il HAUI': PLANTS:

Selaugiuella .Taponiea. 3.7I-3.V) Double (ieraniums—Cn.ton Disraeli :;r,j::;(;;i

Thclapan Quince :Cm ' Moi.re's Karly ( irapi — The Prentiss (oai • :;i;.'.

Notes on the October Monthly li"!")-:^;

The Climbing Hydrangea XiH SCRAPS AND (ili;iUi:S:

(iardens and Gardening in Austin, Texas :™^7 Varieties of Carnations-A Curious J'laut ::(;:!-:!(;i

Verbena vcnosa . :«7 ' j^.„^ Peaeh-Fine (irapes-De>tru.tive S.rawberrv

On Various Species of Fieus. 'X.^ luseet-lVuit .irnwing in I'enusylvauia :■.::.

Fruiting of FicusParcelli :!;is The Spe.iosa Calalpa :;.i^

Archbishop Wood an.l GuiUon Mangellon Geraniun.. :r>s .,.-.,.,,„„.,, .iis.„l„r-Tb.-< oral I'lan.-Audromeda ar-

Secdling .\butilons and Cereus GrandiHora ;>-.8-:i.-,!. ,„„.^.^, j,, t.hio-Priekley Con.frey-tiy.nnoela.Ius in

Cultivation of the Chinese Primrose i'llWiif)

Neterea I>epressa — Banks ^r.iW)!

Amanilidacea-. . :{(;i-:i'i2 n 1 -i- • ..-i . .,-,..-.

■' • Ilylindiziug Wheat ;!i'J-;i(-l

Gumbo XIU » V 'I- i> 1 .1 . .. ■> I

Are Nursery I rees Persnual Property,' — Hahania

Soineof tbe New Fruits in New Hami)sliire :{i^i-;{(i.") pj,|,, \|,,,i,.j, • -.tj^

The Hardy Catalpa ?,f^

Carnivorous Plants ;Mls-;;0!) FLOWKI: <;.\i;DI:N AND PLICASIRE (UtOTND :r>:i-:r,7

Curious Growth of Potato .Uili

Ascent of Pike's Peak "Z.'. :;71-::77 '''"'''^ '"*''^'- ^^" IKH-gK GAKDKNIN- :;.^70Vl

(lerniaiilowu — Light ning and Trees — Asclepias
uuti — Advantages and Disadvantages i>f I'lurida-

EDITORI AL NOTKS :

I'lUlT AND VK(;i:r.\HLl'; CAUDKNINd. MM-MV,

FORKSTKV ?M\.'M\n

Catalpa Planting in the AVest— That Hardy Catalpa—

Protits of Forest Culture-American Sumac -MV^iGX jf^^.^-,,^,^ Hl.sToKV AND SCllOXt K. :!f;s-:;74

Andromeda arborea— Structure of the Stai)elia— Ovi-

viparous Creatures— Hybrid Graft Ajiples. :W.)-.{7-2 ' LITKRATCRK. Tl! A V|;T,S .\ND PER.SONAL NOTKS.... 87-»-37S

FLORISTS SUPPLIES

In all branches; a full stock kept on hand constantly in prime quality only.

^VE CALL SPECIAL ATTENTION OF THE

HOLIDAY TRADE

To our FiM AssortnieDt of BASKETS,

1 M Oats, tri
Wlite and Gilt,

Freacli Rattan,
Broil yarnlsiiefl,
Iniltatioi Silver Wire,
Iiortei Wicker,
Etc., etc.

AI.S.., Immortelles, Grasses, Bouquet Papers,

Wire Designs, Wire, Foil, etc.

Si'inl your nivlers vory timely, to avoit] delay and (liriappointiiieTit.

M Catalope will k realy km tie course of ttiis uioutli.

AUGUST ROLKER & SONS,

44 Dey Street, New York,

or P. O. Box 899.

Address.

Dutch Bulbous Roots,

of tilt' linos) (lualily, our own iiii]if)rtiiti()ii from IIhIIiiikI direct.
( ':it;il(iL'Ufs iVcc.

DAVID LANDRETH & SONS,
Nos. 21 and 23 South Sixth Street,

Between Market and Chestnut Streets, Philadelphia.

t'RED

M.

f/

.ELSEY

IMPOltTKK ANJ) DEALICR IN

FLORIDA MOSS,

Beautiful for Dccoratioii.s.
4 oz., 10 cents ; 12 oz.. 'Ih ecuts : IG oz. , 30 cents
Sent free by mail. Stamps taken.
^loO.OO i>er l.hl. delivered on steamer. Pllie I\rUPSe W StOOh,

HARRY W. PETERS, „ . . ^T^ ^

, , , . ,. Rochester, N. Y.

decl Lake (jEoiuiK, Florida. ,

Offers for the Autumn of 1878.

Special Collections

Of tlie finest dknamkn iai, tukks, .siiuuiis and kosks at rt-Jtic-
ed prices. Also all varieties of Fruit Trees and Small Fruits.
All Stock WAUKA.N'TKii as UEPRESENTKl). Furnisliing parks.
CKMETERiEs and PiuvATE ESTATES A SPECIALTY. Descriptive
Catalogue, with colored plate, 10 cent.s. List of Novelties and
Special Collections free. .\ddre.ss,

FRED. W. KELSEY, Rochester, N. Y.

New York Office, 208 Broadway.

My annual Catalogue of Vegetable and

Flower Seed for 1879, lidi in .■nKiavinKs, will l,e
re;i.l\ iij .laiiuai y, ami miiI |-|;1:K to all who ;ip|.lv. Customers
of last season iieeil urn write loi- it. I otter one of the largest
collections of vegelalile seisl ever sent onl hv any seed house in
America, a large poit ion of which were grown i.n mv six seed
farm.s. Printnl ilin-iiionx fur niHinitloii on na-li parlciifff' All seed
iriirraiitfd fo hr Imtli JiksIi iind Inn- In miiiii' ; so far, that should if
prove otherwise, / irill n'ti/l (In- wifer qnill.t. The original intro-
<lucer of the Huhl)ar<l iSquash, l^hiimev's Melon, Marl)lehead
Cahhages, Mexican Corn, and scores of other vegetables, I invite
the iiatronage of*/// who are anxio/ix tolinre tlii'ir sffil direrUii from
//ii- t/niirfr,jre-^/i, /rue ami o) the ren/ hesf strain. New VeV/eta-
iiLES A SPEdALTY. .TAMKS .1. IL GREt iOKY, Marhlehead, Ma.ss.

WHITE FRINGE, {Chionanthus Virginica.)

A large slock 1 ye;u and 1 years (dd, and also 1 to ;J ft. high.
M. MOON SC SON, Morrixville, Burks Oj., Pa

- 70X CKESTNUT ST. ph.Ca*

AMERICAN FRUIT CULTURIST.

BY' JOHN J. TUOJIAS.

Practical directions for the Cultivation of Fruit Trees in the

NURSERY. ORCHARD AND GARDEN.

DLScriptionsof the principal American an 1 Foreign varieties.
Plain Edition, 480 engravings, 511 pages, 12 mo. Price, S3. OOl
Mailed pos;-paidon receipt of price.

«:«j-i;xtra Edition, 576 pages, heavy paper, fine clnth, 508

ithntratious aud chromo frontispiece; mailed, lor 83.7.j.'<, ')

Address CUAS. U. MAROT. 814Che8tT'u St.. Phil/

THE GARDENER'S MONTHLY

HORTICULTURIST FOR 1879.

^^)r this iitten-

Subscribers are requested to send at least one new iiaim- witli their own. if possiljl
tion, we will furnish the two at $o.20 ibr the year.

'I'WO NEW suliscriptions at $:{.20 : live at .$7.00.

Responsible Agents wanted — to whom a liberal coininission will be allowed, retiiiuahle out of subscriptions
secured and forwarded. We do not hold ourselves responsible for the acts oi' Bogus Agents.

Anv Subscriber who has already renewed his subcription and paid i?2.10, may order a new. subscriber
at rate of S3.20 the two. by remitting the additional 81. 10 to balance, and oblige, with thanks for past favors
and efforts.

All subscribers, at whatever rate, are invited to take advantage of our list of Olub Papers on another
paee.

CHAS. H. MAROT. Publisher. 814 Chestnut Street., Philadelphia.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

o[ists> Market Gardeners

1

, OR ()Tin;i:

lit Qi- UT ja. lar ^^ 1 ^" '^^

SUPPLIED WITH OUR

Monthly Wholesale Lists^

Which embrace EVERYTHING wanted in

s:m:.^i_,i_j ifie^tjits,

free: on application.

Our Greenhouses and Pits now cover an area of three acres solid in glass. We invite an in-
spection of Stock and Comparison of Prices.

PBTER HENDERSON & CO.

35 CORTLANDT ST., NEW YORK CITY.

AUGUST ROLKER & S0NS7

44 Dey St., New York.

p. O. BOX 899.

Florist's Supplies of Efery Description.

BULBS i SEEDS.

A SPECIAI-.TY MADE OF FINE .STRAINS IN

Asters^ Balsams^ Carnations^

Cineraria^ Pansies, Primulas^

and G-erman Stocks^

Put up in Trade Papers. We ofTer
CENTAUREA CANDIDISSIMA, - - - per 100 seeds, 50cts. per 1000, $3.50

COBCEA SCANDENS, . . . . per 20 seeds, 25cts. per 100, 1.00

CYCLAMEN PERSICUM, per trade packet, 50

PHASEOLUS CARACALLA, good for hanging baskets, - " " 25

SMILAX, - - -' - - ^ - per ounce, SI. 50. " " 10

We oflfer a small lot of Imported Common Centifolia Moss Roses, strong plants at S4.00
per dozen. Imported High Standard Roses, grafted on Canina, assorted varieties, our choice,
at S9.00 per dozen. Both were left unsold last Spring and have been planted out over Summer.

New Catalogue of Aug. Van Geert, of Ghent, Belgium, just received, and will be mailed on application.

TJIE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

WATER LILIES.

(.M'lili'Micil ill iIk- <iai<l»iu-r'> Mi.iillily Inr NuvciiiIht.i
yiimjihtrn iteiiUi/a (ir/iiti). J hare raised Jiowers of this

the i>a.it srasun Iwiire invliex ill (liaiiiilrr, .' . . ■$/> 00
-yj/iiiphtra iMiuiiiatut (brilliant luxi/ criiiixoii), . . ,'00

.\i/mphiva rcenilea, . .' S i>0

Si/iiiphiva Jiara I 00

.\i/mjih<ra alba (the Juiijlixh .sjx-c/V.v) .'00

.S'ltrnphiFd (xluratii, rar. ilrliraie blush [pink jloiiers,) . . 1 50

.\rluiiibiiiiii liileiiiii, ........ 1 00

l.iiiiiiuchiiris lliiiiilioliltii, .',0

The Stock is not large. Karly uriler.s requested, wliich will be
booked in rotation, and i<lants delivered in April and May.

E. D. STURTEVANT, Florist,
'^ Bor dentown, N. J.

T

Dormant tubers of seedling varieties raised from the most select
varieties in eultivation, by the dozen or hundred. Price on ap-
plication.

GERANIUM, NEIAT LIFE.

A novelty of great value. Every flower striped like u Carnation,
with salmon and white. Plant of dwarf habit and very free
blooming. AVell established plants Sl.OO each, a few good
stock plants S;i.<iO each.

Seeds of :MA(iNOLi.\ GRANDIFLOKA, from an exceedingly fine
variety, 'J.T cents jicr packet.

Coleus, c;iretiilly liyliiidi/ed IVoni the most SELECT varie-
lic* ill ciihivatioii, per p:ukel. Ii5 cents.

Verbena Zonale Geranium, striped and blotched

Petunias. Seeds saved withgreat care from our magnificent
I ul led ions, 10 and 25 cents per packet; one packet of each of
I lie. Jive kinds for 7.") cents.

DANIEL BARKER,

dec.l Bruiiihi-lloii Florist (irninuls, Xorjulk, I'd.

THE AMERICAN

Steanisbiji Coniiiany of Philadelphia. Pliihi.lelpbia .V: Liverpool
Line. The only 'Irans-Athintic line sailing; umlcr tlie Amer-
ican Flag. Sailiiij; every Thursday I'lciii I'hiladelpliia, and
U'ednesdav lioiii Livii pool.

THE RED STAR LINE,

Carrying the Jielgian and I'nited States Mails. Sailing every
twelve days, alternately from Philadelphia and Jvew York
Diiect and onlv

TO ANTWERP.

The American and Pud .Star Lines being under one manage-
ment, Kxcursion tickets are good to return by either, thus sav-
ing the expense and annoyance of re-crossing the Channel.

For rates of passage and general information apply to
apltf I'ETKR WHIUHI & SOys, I'hila, Gen'l Agts.

200,000 Tuberoses

(iuaranteed the finest Bulbs in the market.
nOVBLE, $16 per lOOO. fJCARL, $25 per lOOO

Ready for shipment by the l.'ith of October.

aug.tf. F. GOEBELS, Memphis, Tenn.

TOBACCO STEWIS^"

For Fumigating purposes, for sale in bales of about 400
lbs., free on Vjoat or cars at S.') jier bale, or three bales for S12 on
one order.

STRAITON & STORM,
178 & ISO Pearl Street,

a»gl2 Xkw Yokk Cjtv.

Queen of the Market.

The largest, handsomest, best hardy Ked Raspberry, three incheH
around, an(l very pnxluctive. Carries best and sells best. Send
for Catalogue*.

tdec.4 WM. PARRY, Cinnaminson, N.J.

NICHOIiAS

Scribner's Illustrated Magazine
FOR GIRLS AND BOYS.

An Ideal Children's Magazine.

Messrs. StKinNKU & Co., in Ist::, began tlie jiublication of St.
Nicholas, an Illustrate<l Magazine for (Jirls and Roys, with
Mrs. Mary Mapes Dodge, as editor. Five years have pa.ssed since
the first "number was issued, and the magazine has won the
highest jiosition. *]t has a monthly circulation of

OVER 50,000 COPIES.

It is published'siraultaneously in London and New York, and
the transatlantic.recognition is almo.st as general and hearty as
tlie Aineri<an. To-ilay St. Nichoi.as stands

ALONE IN THE WORLD OF BOOKS.

Terms, S3. 00 a year; 25 cents a Number.

SCRIBNER &; CO.

dec.l 743 Broadway, New Y ork

HOW TO DESTROY INSECTS.

On I'L.vNTS and I'dwkhs in the (Jaudkn and the Hoi"SE; giving
directions slmrt, xlinr/i ami ileri.tive how to overcome every insect
enemy that inlects flowers and jilants, oul-<loors and in-doors,
which troubles window (iardens ; which eats up the vegetables of
the garden; which devours the fruit trees, shrubs and vines,
and lives in the homes of anxious, tired hou.sekeepers. Paper,
100 pages, price :{0 cents, jiostage free.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

HU Chestnut Street, Phila.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER

[E5£3T.A-:BI_iISia:EXD 1844.]

HITCHINGS & CO.,

No. 233 Mercer Street,

Between Bleecker and West 3d Streets,

NEW YORK.

Offer their very Large Stock of

i

t

PJ"^

At prices lower than at any time
within the past thirty years.

Qt

=^^

Patent Corrugated Fire Box Boilers,
Conical Boilers,

Saddle Boilers and
Base Burning Water Heaters;

Heating Pipes and Pipe Fittings

OF EVERY DESCRIPTION AND SIZE.

SASH-LIFTING- APPARATUS

OF MOST APPROVED FORMS.

Send 6 cents postage for Catalogue, References
and List of Prices.

y^.n Tf-or - Sf:

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

M. M. BAYERSDORFER & CO.,

56 North Fourth Street,

PHILADELPHIA, PA.

We bcfr to call the attention of the WHOLESALE and liE'J'AIL TRADE iu
FLORISTS' GOODS to our well assorted stock for the Fall season :

Wl

, BOUQUET PAPER (Italiens,)

I rhiiii Whiti' Edges, (iuld and Silver Edges, Pasted Cartoons, White Satin for Bridal

,-. . I Jjouquets, Faney Lace Papers for Weddings, Receptions and Parties.

^ IMMORTELLES,

I Original Iniiiciies, selected by one of our Firm.) White
and all colors.

#^

DRIED GRASSES AND FLOWERS,

In great varieties and styles; very suitable lor ornamental purposes.

"R ASICETS

Brown varni-^hed Willow Baskets, Wheat Straw and White Gilt Baskets.

ORNAMENTAL GRASS BOUQUETS,
FRENCH GREEN MOSSES,
TIN FOIL, Best in Market.

WIRE DESIGNS for CUT FLOWERS.

Prize Medal of Cincinnati Industrial Exposition of 1873; Medal and Diploma of International

V.-rnos,\txonoi XVl'l/" For hestdittpkiy of Bouqiiel Papers.'' ., , . ,. ^. * xr

^nd orders early in Fall. Illustrated Catalogue furnished gratis on application. taug.ti

GREENHOUSES, GRAPERIES, Etc.

Their Construction a Specialty. Experience of 20 Years.

SHIPPED TO ALL PARTS OF THE COUNTRY. a^Send for catalogue, Address.

LORD'S HORTICULTURAL WORKS,

Irvington-on-Hudson, New York.

June tf

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

Bright scarlet, beautiful and distinctly striped and flaked like a Carnation. A very free bloomer; dwart habit ; an ex(ellent
l.'Cdder. It should be in every collection. Pvice, ^I.OOeach. .)?y.OO per doz. ,j?7 0. OO jier hundred.

nflad^m Amelia Saltat^

The finest double white Geranium in cultivation. !>(> Cruts Hach ; /t.OO pcv 7)i>::fn.

Large plants lifted from the ground, 30 Cents Each; $3 per Doz.; $'-iO per Hundred.

Anthericum Vitatum Variegatum,

Large Plants, $1.00 Each; $10.00 per Dozen.

m^C^ ^—1 -^^ ^-J ^^ .^^ ^ IX. J^^N HZJ JI C^ -(^^ i,

TTC-ysar oli rlmts, SlOO per i::ea ; $13.00 -ccr iiMlrei. Threo-Tcar ol^. SO.CO uor a::5:: $20.00 per hundred.

NEW COLEUS OF LAST SPRING.

ALBION, ELDORADO, MUSAICA, PICTUS, MULTICOLOR SPLENDENS, $1.00 per doz. S8.00 per hun.

CARNATIONS, TWELVE VARIETIES,

$2.30 psr Dozen; $10.00 per H'indrod.

GERANIUM, BISHOP WOOD AND JENNIE REID,

15 cents each ; $1.50 per doz.; 10.00 per huudred.

Also a fine collection of Geraniums, including manv of the new varieties of last Spring, at Sl.SOper doz. ; ^ln.OO per hundred.

NEW WHITE HYDRANGEA, THOMAS HOGG,

23 coats each; $2.00 per dozea; $15.00 per hundred.
Catalogue mailed to all on apjilication.

VVMm K. MAH-I^IS^ Kingsessing I^urseries^

f^,^ ^5501 DARBY ROAD, PHILADELPHiA.

'Lato cf ".he Firm of Himm: ana GcoUa--', i

PATENT IMPROVED HOT WATER BOILERS

Jb'or Heiitittff iivfen- Houses, Gra/jeries, Conservatories, Jf'or- -— '~~rfg^
ciiiff Fits, Water for Haths, Drying Rooms, Public
andfrivateBuildlngs^&c.

All tlie Necessary FitlliiES for Hot Water Heating Apparatus

VENTILATION APPARATUS OF ALL KINDS.

PRIZE MEDAL AND DIPLOMA AWARDED THIS BOILER
AT THE CENTENNIAL EXHIBITION.

^S'Please send for circular for explanation, etc., before you make n]
your mind to purchase elswhere.

1204 Degraw Street, near Nostrand Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.

ALPINE FLOWERS FOR ENGLISH GARDENS

By \V. Robin.son, F. L. S.

sepl2

MANUllL OF SMALL FRUIT CULTURE.

BY E. P. ROE,

_ ("The chapter on picking and marketing is eminently prac-
tical and sensible." — American Agriculturist.)

How to raise and market Strawberries, Raspberries, Cur-
rants, (iooseberries, Blackberries, Ac. 82 pages, 8vo.. paper,
price 50 cents. Mailed post-paid on receipt of price. Address
CHAS. H. MAROT. 8U Chestnut St., Phila',

A HIST OUT OF

The United States of America.

BY JOSIAH W. LEKDS.

Including some important facts mostly omitted in smaller
histories. Designed for general reading and for academies.
Broufrht down to the year 1876. 1(18 pp.l'Jmo.cloth, toned paper,
Price, 81.~5. Sent by mail post-paid, on receipt of I'rice.

Address. CHAS. II. MAROT, 814 Che.=tnut St., I'hila.

An explanation of the principles on which the Exquisite
Flora of Alpine Countries may be grown to perfection in all
Parts of the British Islands, with numerous Illustrations, of
Rock Gardens, Natural and Artificial. 70 illustrations, 440
pages, crown 8vo, cloth. Price, 84.50. Mailed, postage free,
on receipt of price. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT.
SllCliestnntSt- Phila.

THE WILD GARDEN ;

Or, Our Groves and Shrubberies Made Beautiful by the Naturaliza-
tion of Hardy Exotic Plants.
By W. Robinson, F. L. S,
With Frontispiece.
2;^6 page?, PJmo, cloth. Price, $2.2."). Mailed, postage free,
on receipt of price.
i Address. CHAS. 11. MAROT.

I 814 Chestnut St.. Phila.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

Peter Henderson.

Cut liloiiins "f tlii> r:iiii"U- Cariialioii in <)iumtitii'.s to ttio trade.

Alwat/n on Hand.

TOWNSEND, HAMMAR & CO.

Wholesale Growers and Shippers of Cut Flowers,

I Oft. 3

150 Tremont St., Boston.

WALTER ELDER,

TjANDSCAPE AhD aOBJII\0 GAKT>ENER,

1231 Rodman Street, Philadelphia,
Attends to all branches of his business on reasonable terms.

NURSERYMEN & PLANTERS

Mow i> Ihr liuir to I,UV volll- ,^Inrk nf iVcsll si."(m|| i l|..,' PJtiACH
PITS "■'"" lHaltliv'ii';iti\c trcr^, cImmii. .\.1(1i(-.>,

BAILEY & HANFORD,

dv<4 Makanda, Jackson Co., HI.

carpentryIiade easy7

OR, THE SCILNCE AND ART OF BUILDING.
By W. E. Bell, Architect.
A new and improved system. Specific instructions for Balloon
Frames, Barn Frames, Mill Fn.mes, Warehouses, Church Spires,
&c. Also, System of Bridge Building, BilU, Kstimates of Cost and
valuable tables. Illustrated by 58 plates and nearly 200 figures. 134
pages, 8vo, cloth. Price, $5.00. Sent by mail postpaid on receipt
of price. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

AMERICAN FLOWERIiARDEN DIRECTORY.

By Robert Buist.
With practical directions for the Culture of Plants in Flower-
Garden, Hot-House, Green-House, Rooms, or Parlor Windows,
for ever^ month of the year. Instructions for erecting Hot-
bouse, Greei_ house, and laying out a Flower garden. Instruc-
tion for cultivating, propagating, pruning and training the
Grapo vine and description of best sorts for the open air. 342
pages, 12mo, cloth. Price 81 50. Sent by mail post paid on receipt
of price. CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St. Phila.

SMALL FRUIT CULTURIST.

BY ANDRE^V S. PULLER.

Giving Description, Historj', Cultivation, Propagation, Dis-
eases, &c.

Beautifully Illustrated.

276 pages, 12mo, cloth. Price Sl.oO. Sent by mail, post-paid
on receipt of price Addre.ss,

CHAS. H. MAROT. 814 Chestnut St.. Phila.

GARDENING FOR PLEASURE.

BY PETKE HENDER.SON.

A guide to the Amateur in the

FRUIT, VEGETABLE and FLOWER GARDEN.

With full directions for the
Greenhouse, Conservatory and Window- Garden.
Illustrated. 2.o0 Pages, 12mo, cloth. Price 81.50. Sent by
mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Addrrss CHA.S. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

SELECT FERNS AND LYCOPODS.

By Benjamin- S. Williams, F.R.H.S.
Comprising descriptions of 950 choice species and varieties, Brit-
ish and Exotic, with directions for their management in the Tropical,
Temperate and Hardy Fernery, with numerous beautiful full-page
illustrations. 353 pages, i2mo, cloth. Price, $2.50. Sent by mail
post-paid on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

Eear of 428 Walnut Street, Philadelphia.

Manufmturc of PLAIN and FANCY WIKi;-W(»KK, for FLO-
RISTS; Wreaths, Cro.sses, Stars, Crowns, Hearts, .Viiehors Birds,
Lambs. Gipsy Baskets, Hanging Baskets, Flower Stands, Ac,
latest uesigns.

SKND FOR PRICF LIST. t-feb-tf

C. F. A. HINRICHS,

29,31 and S3 l^ark Place, Seic York City.

HYACINTH AND BULB GLASSES,

r)i;( 0K.\Ti:i) ilowku i-kts, lava, m.\.I(»li(A, Ac, ac

Va.ses, Iron Sections fur I'lower Beds. Lawn, Fish and Flower
Stands, Floating animals for .\(|uaria. Buttonhole Botujuet Hold-
ers. Only and Oritjiiial (iKRMAX STUDENT LAMP for Con-
servatories. Send for ])rices to above address. dec.8

TO THE TRADE.

Primulas, Calceolaria & Cineraria Seed.

The Greenbrook A Paterson Nurseries beg to inform the Trade
that the European growers of the above seeds who supply the
principal .seed trade of Ent^land, are desirous of introducing their
seeds to the American trade, and for that purpose have supplied
us with samples of the above for distribution to intending pur-
chasers, to prove the Purity, Vitality and superior excellence of
the strains, same being unsurpa-ssed in every respect. Samples of
either with lowest price per drachm, ounce or pound on applica-
tion with busfness card enclosed. Address, J. GREIVES, Sec-
retary, Box 837, Paterson, ^f. J. nov2

CHARTOFTHEAGE

OF Tin:

DOMESTIC ANIMALS.

]!V A. LI.VUr.VKO, .M. I)., V. .S.

[American VftKritdry College.)
In this "Chart," which is fully illustrated and printed on
card-board, making a handsome sheet for framing, much valua-
ble information is given in a conci.se and intelligible way, en-
abling one to detcnnine the age of Horses, Cattle, Sheep, Dogs,
and Pigs. It is what has long been wanted and often enquired
for by stock breeders, and one of these Charts ought to be hang-
ing in sight of every man who has anything to do with the man-
agement of domestic animals. The size of the Chart is 21V^x28J^
inches. By mail, po.st-paid, on receipt of price, ?1.00. Address,
CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

HOW TO READ,

AND HINTS IN CHOOSIN& THE BEST BOOKS,

AVitli 11 classiricd list of works fif Biography, History, Criti-

-- . .ICM 1 IM »li >V 111 IV."* Ul i»iU(^I il|Jli.\ , * • 1.--L01 >, • 1 lUI

cism, Fine Arts, Fiction, I'oetry, Religion, Science, Language,
By Amelie V. Petit Pp. 220. 12mo, cloth. Price, Sl.OO.

etc

by mail, post-paid on receipt of price. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

Ho"w^ to liaise r'rij.its-

BY THOMAS GKEOG.

A Hand-book of Fruit Culture being a Guide to the proper
Cultivation and Management of Fruit Trees, and of Grapes
and Small Fruits. 184 ))ages. 12mo, cloth, fully illustrated.
I'rife Sl.OO. Sent by mail, postpaid, on receipt of price.
Address. CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St, Phila.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

TRAVELING AGENT

Wantcil h

NORSEUY.

canvas Ldiik Island in tlie interest uf the Babylon
P. H. FOSTER, Babylon, L. I.. N. V. tdec.l

Buy Improved Farm Tools

THE ADVANCE JR. CHILLED PLOWS

A7:l-: TJ[K IvATEST AXD BEST.

The LADOW WHEEL HARROW I'"ts in wheat
thoroughly in trashy gruiind. Improved Plows, Harrows, Fod-
■der-Ciitters, Farmer's Boilers, C<>rn-.Shellers, Cider-Mills, Corn-
knives, Pumps, etc., wholesale and retail. Send for cireit-
lai-M. .S. L. ALLICy & CO., 22!) Market St., Philadelphia, oct-12

Jm Plants & Seeds.

FOR 1879.

Ne-w Achyrantlius, NevcrColens, Ne-w Azaleas,
Hew Double Begonias, Ne-w Cannas, New Cole-
us. New Dahlias. New Fnchsias, New^ Geran-
inius. New Liantanas, &c. Also, New Hardy
Shrubs.

SPLENDID NEW YELLOW TQRENIA.

Per packet, 50 cts

" 10 cts

" 25 cts

" 50 cts

" 15 cts

Toreuia Bailloui,
■Glaucium Corniculatum,
•Grevillea robusta,
Authuriuin Scherzenamum
Ampelopsis Veitchii,

Most of these NOVELTIES in Plants and Seeds were
SELECTED PERSONALLY by us, while abroad, and are now
offered for the FIRST TIME in this Country.

Catalogue ready January 1st, free on application.

C. H. HOOVEY &. CO.,

dec2 ^2 Tremont St., (Under Museum i Boston, Mass.

VERBENAS -'"^'^••"''-"'^

)(■ white at same rate.

GERANIUMS

Xew varieties of '78, per
100 S20- Oood Var-
ieties, Double and Single,

per 100, S4. Bronze McMahon and Black Dougla.ss, per 100, S8.

Silver Edge Mountain of Snow, per 100, ?6.

T\ A TVTOITTTIOI ■■^jilendid collection, named colors,

r A NNI HliS Perl00$2.
X XXXl KJXJ-InJi Our usual stock of Choice Pants,
New and old at very reasonable rates.

The above offer is open for iJecember, or until the issue of
Spring <'atalogue in January.

W. F. BAIRD, Trustee,

<^ecl Bloomington Nurseries, 111.

insectivorolTs plantsT

By Chas. DaiTvin.

With copious descriptive contents and index. Illustrated.
462 pages, i2mo, clot h. Price S7.00.

Sent by mall post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

Art of Propagation.

A Hand-book for Nur.serymcn, Florists, Gardeners, and
Everybody, 32 pages octavo, paper, illustrated with 25
cuts, price 50 cts. Mailed, postage free, on receipt of price.
Address,

CHAS. H MAROT,

8U Chestnut St., Phila.

SO GREENHOUSES.

100,000 FEET OF GLASS

TO THE

My Price List of Plants i

forwarded free on application.

TRADE.

now ready, and will be

JOHN DICn PATENT BOILER,

Economy, Simplictt and Durabilty. The Prize ;Medal of
the Centennial Commission was awarded for this Boiler.
Send to us for Testimonials from those who use it.

sep.tf

JOHN DICK. Florist,

S35. <5c ISarTo^T- ISosccL, ns.ila,.

ROSE GARDEN.

By Wm. Paul, F. B. H. S.

Embracing History of the Rose ; formation of Rosarium ; detail-
ed account of practice for successful cultivation ; arrangement ia
natural groups of most esteemed varieties, English and Foreign,
in the most eminent Gardens ; with full description and remarks
on origin an' I mode of culture. Numerous illustrations. 2-56
pages. Royal 8vo, cloth. Price $3.00. Sent by mail post-paid
on receipt of price. Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Pkila.

BOOK OF ROSES.

By Franci-s Parkinan.

Description, Cultivation and Propagation. Beautifully illus-
trated. 22.5 pages, 12mo, cloth. Price Si. .50. Sent by mail
post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT.

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

WORKING MAN'S WAY TO WEALTH.

By Edmund Wrigley.

A practical treatise on Building Associations, what they are, and
ho-wto use tJient. io8 pages, i6mo, cloth. Price, ts cents. Sent
by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

GARDENERS' DICTIONARY.

By Gbo. W. Johnson, Editor of " Cottage Gardener."

Describing the Plants, Fruits and Vegetables desirable for the
Garden, and explaining the terms and operations employed in
their cultivation. New Edition, with a supplement, including the
new plants and varieties. 910 pages, i2mo, cloth, fine print. Price,
I3.50. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

GUIDE TO THE STUDY OF INSECTS.

By a. S. Packakd, Jr., M.D.

Also a Trer»tise on thoie Injurious and Bknrficial to

OPS. For the use of Colleges, Farms, Schools and Agriculturists.

Illustr.Tted with II plates, and 650 wood-cuts. 702 pages, Svo,

cloth. Price, J6.00. Sent by by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

LONDON GARDENER'S CHRONICLE

AVill In.' I'liriii-lml, jHisi-iiaid, ilirti-t iii sulisriibfi-s in Iho T. S.

for S7.50 !'•■'■ yeiir. Apply to

novtf rilAS. 11. MAItOT. AlmiiI. si l (hostnut St., Phila.

"second hand books."

r.y .M.iii ..II i:.Mri|.i ..f I'll..-.

Speak Quickly if You Want Them.

1 (III

1 III!
1 (III i

fl^-iray in your ordor "Secontl-liand List.""SSOi

Allen's Domestic Animals

Aniicrson's ARrienltural Chemistry

liairy's I'niit (iartlon

Beel Vulture and lieet Sugar, by Childs

Beck's New Book of Flowers,

Blake's Farm and l'ire.«ide

Both Sides of tlie (irape Question

Boyd's I'hiladelphia Business Directory (1877-78)

Buist's Family Kitchen (iardener

Christy's Chemistry of Agriculture

Chorltou's Grape (irowers' Guide, 1 copy at

Copeland's Country Life

Cohbett's American Gardener

Dana's Muck Manual

Doualdson's Manures, Grass and Farming

Downing's Kural Kssays

" Fruits and Fruits Tree of America, 1 copy at
" " " "1 copy at

" " " " 1 copy

■' Landscape Gardening and Kural Architecti
" Cottage Kesidences

Downing's Cottage Residences (8vo)

ICUiott's American Fruit Growers' Guide

Facts AlMiut Beat

Farmers' and Mechanics' Manual .

Farming for Boys

Field's Pear Culture

Five Acres too Much

Fowler's Homes lor All

French's Farm Drainage .

Friend's Intelligencer, 12 bound vols, at subscription price

Fuller's .'^niall Fruit Culturist
" (irape Culturist

Guernon on Milch Cows .

Henderson's Gardening for Profit

Horticulturist, i/! Tky., (good as new) 3 vols., 18.5.5, 185G,
and 1857, §2150 each , . .

Hovey's Magazine, 17 vols, bound, (scarce) .
" " vols. I to 30 " "

Johnson's Agricultural Chemistry

Kern's Landscape Gardening

Loudon's Encyclopaedia of Agriculture, ^2 Tky.,

" " Cottage Architecture, y, Tky.

Liebeg's Farmers' Chemistry, i:i94 pages, 8 vo.

Leibeg's Familiar Letters on Chemistry

Marazathy's Grape Culture and Wine Making

Mead's " " "

McMahon's American Gardener

Mcintosh's Orchard, with colored plates,
" Greenhouse with colored plates

Money in the Garden

Munn's Practical Land Drainer

Neill's Fruit, Flower and Vegetable Gardener's Companion 1 00

Norton's Scientiiie Agriculture

New American (iardener

Pear Culture for Profit

Planter's Guide

Plough, Loom and Anvil, 2 vols., oct.

Quinhy's Bee Keeping

Band's Flowers for Parlor and Garden

Eeemelin's Vine-dresser's Manual, .

Eiver.s' Miniature Fruit Garden

Saunder's Domestic Poultry

Smee on the Potato Plant ".

Ten Acres Fnoueh

Tobacco and its Culture, Billings, .

Todd's American Wheat Culturist

Todd's How to Make Farming Pay .

Voices of the Garden, Woods and Fields

Warder 's American Pomology
AVood'sClass-book of Botany

" " " for Schools,

" Object Lessons in Botany

Woodward's Rural Art
" Graperies

FOR SAI^E!

FIRST-CLASS FLORIST BUSINESS.

Ml Til G RKEN I J () US hS.

Terms easy. For particulars, addrcs..*, "G," Box <i(il, New|K)rt,
R. I. tnov 3

Fruit Stocks, &,c., For Fall.

i;o

75

4 00

1 00

1 00

2 00

1 ,50

■A 00

5 (10

1 25

S 00

2 00

1 50

1 IHI

1 (III

2 (III

/.5

1 00

75

1 00

31 20

1 00

1 00

75

1 00

7 50

17 00

30 00

2 00

1 00

7 50

7 50

3 60

1 00

4 00

3 00

I 25

3 00

3 00

1 25

50

1 00

1 00

75

1 .50

3 50

1 25

1 50

75

60

75

75

1 00

2 25

1 50

2 00

1 00

2 25

2 50

1 00

1 25

2 OC

75

1 00

MAZZARD STOCKS,

MAHAL£B STOCKS,

OSAGE ORANGE,

AND MANY OTHER ITEMS.

Price by the Kidil nr by ibe cjUiiniiiy gi\en, on application.
The season hits been very i'avoralile to the growth of these stock*
this year. Our stock is large, and the plants fiiu' and we invite
correspondence from those wauling a siijiply. ('v.talogues sent
on application.

THOMAS MEEHAN,
dec-i Germantown, Phila.

The Gardener's Wlonthly.

TUB FOLLOWING

BACK NUMBEES

\VANTi;i),

IN GOOD CONDITION.

Aiiffnst,

ISGO.

January, 187:1.

March, 1875

September,

"

December, "

January, ISIS

October,

"

Jiinuarv, 1874.

January, 1877

November,

"

February, "

Filiriiary, "

Decevtber,

"

.■yjiqiisl, "

Manh, "

January,

1870.

January, 1875.

Ainfiixl, "

July,

"

Febriianj, "

Jntniary, 187S

Januai'y,

1872.

February, "
March, "

Receivable in exchange on .Subscription account, or exchang-
able for other numbers not in above list. Send numbers pre-paid
by mail, and advise the publisher. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

THE FARMER'S ACCOUNT BOOK.

A Complete System of Book-Keeping for
Farmers. JHlanters, and Gardeners,

BY A. L. CAMPFIELn.

Every one sliould keep a strict account of all business trans-
actions, and thereby save much trouble that comes of neglect.
'This is a plain, practical system of book-keeping, easily under-
stood, and especially adapted to the wants of the Farmer.
Full instructions in each book. Can lie carried in an ordinary
pocket; 180 pages, bound in sheepskin. Price 75 cents. Mailed
postage free on receipt of price. Address,

CIIAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

Address,

CHAS. II. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

PEAR CULTURE FOR PROFIT.

BY P. T. QIJIXN.

A practical Horticulturist and author of "Money in the
Garden."

Containing practical method of raising Pears intelligently
and with best results; character of soil, best mode of prepar-
ing it; best varieties to select under existing conditions ; best
mode of planting, pruning, fertilizing, grafting, and utilizing-
the ground before the trees come into bearing, and finally
gathering and packing for market. Illustrated with practical
cuts on pruning and grafting, distance table and orchard
record. 13G pages, 12mo, cloth. Price $1. Sent by mail, post-
paid on receipt of price. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT, .sl4 chestnut St., Phila-

TEE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

3sr TT iR s^:Ea "sr o -^ i^ id s

«5"Seiid for C
EDWIN ALLEN,

Xurseryman, New Brunswick, N. J.
DAVID BAIED, Fruit Farm ynd Nurseries, EOBT. J. EALLIDAY, Bulbs ami
iS[alai)lan, N. J.

ircular and conditions of insertion under tliis heading.-tft
GIBSON & BENNETT, Nursery and ,J. JENKINS,
Fruit (i rowers, Woodbury, N. J.

Nurseryman, Winona, Ohio.

BELLEVUE NUESEEY CO.,
Florists A I'hmt (Jrowers, Paterson, N. J.

CHAS. BLAOKl; BEO.

Nurserymen, Higlitstown, N. J.

JNO. S. COLLINS, •"
Small Fruit Plants &c., Moorestown, N. J.

EENET A. DEECE,

Seedsman &, Florist, Philada., Pa.

Winter-bloonung Plants, Baltimore, Md.

A. HANOE & SON, Niu-sei-ynien :ind

Florists, Bed Bank, New .Jersey.

PETEE HENDEESONl 00^ Wholesale
Seedsmen and Florists, New York City.

THOMAS" MEEHAN;

Nurseryman it Tree Seeds, Germant'n, Phil.

JNO. 0. NELTNOE, Nursery, & Small Fruits,
(Fxcliange Stock,) Turner .lunrtion. 111

I POLZ JE HTATT,

Nurserymen, Odessa, Del.

Wli. PAEEY, Pomona Nur-sery,

Cinnaminson, N. J.

EICHAEDSON & NICHOLAS,

Nurserymen, Geneva, N. Y.

JAMES E. EICKETTS,
Clioice Uraiic Vin

NcwVjurgh, N. Y.

J. 0. VAUOEAN, Ini
I)eal>

in lUillis, Chicago, 111.

MOSSES IFLORISTS'^NEW LIFE,

PAMPAS PLnfflESi

NYMPUEA ODOKATA.

(CANNELL.)

We offer a fine stock of this beautiful new Geranium. Bright;
scarlet, distinctly striped and flaked with white, like a Carna-
tion, and a very tree l)loomer. 81.00 each, SIO.OO per doz.

Neiw Salvia (Hoveyii), color a deep royal purple. A fine
novelty. .50 cents each.

Geraninms— Bishop Wood and Jennie Reid.

20 cents each, .*t;i.7o per doz.

The above will be sent bv mail, post paid, when not ordered bv
express. Address, FLLIS BBOS., Keene, N. H. nov2

SUPPLIES,

Straw Baskets.

SEND FOR PRICES.

sepi J. C. VAUGHAN, 123 Randolph Street, Chicago, Ills.

Artificial Wood Ornaments.

FOR SALE BY

THOS. THOMPSON, SONS & CO.,

240 South Second St., Philadelphia.
JOHN DUER & SONS,

24 South Charles Street, Baltimore, Md.
JOS. WOODWELL & CO.,

Cor 2d Avenue and Wood Street, Pittsburgh, Pa.
GLiESCHER & KUHLMAN, 534 IMain St., Cincinnati, O. [octl2

SOUTHERN ENTERPRISE

For the Development of our Material Resources, devoted to

Immigration, Southern Progress, National Prosperity Happy ^^

Rural Life through Practical Horticulture, Elevated Agriculture \ fl *^ ■ ■ |» I ^v |^ iinrvMAr^rk Dllln^X

(the former being the cradle of the latter), Diversified Industries, UylJlJIv \ W U" lUotJ D U I Uo.

PUBLISHED AT ATLANTA. GA., FOR $1 PER, ANNUM.

S. T. Jenkins, Editor and Proprietor; J. S. Newman, Associate
Editor. Receive — impart; know— l>e known. Every thint; shall
be sacrificed to reliaV>ilitv. feb. 12.

V

ERBENA

S

strong, Healthy .Stock Plants of Verbenas in
50 named varieties. Price $3.00 per 100, $20.()ii
per 1000, it taken during December.

Rooted cuttings $1.00 per 100, -^T.jo per 1000. Samples of Plants

and cuttings sent by mail on application.

nov 2 J. H. SHEPARD, Plantsville, Conn.

100.

1000.

$3.00

120.00

2.00

lo.OO-

5 00

0.00

GARDENING FOR PROFIT.

BY PETER HENDERSON.

A Guide to the successful cultivation of the

MARKET AND FAMILY GARDEN.

New and enlarged edition. Illustrated. 276 Pages, 12mo, cloth.
Price, 81.50. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

CLASS BOOK OF BOTANY.

By Alphonso Wood, A. M.
Being outlines of the Structure, Physiology and Classification of
Plants ; with a Flora of the United States and Canada. 832 pages,
8vo, half-arabesque cloth sides. Price, fe.50. Sent by mail post-
paid on receipt of price.

Address, CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

Shipped in Nov. and Dec. Doz.

First quality large flowering bulbs, - f .75
Secoud qualty flowering bulbs, - - .50

A few hundred extra large bulbs, - 1.00

Dwarf Pearl, first quality flowering bulbs, 1..50
I If sent bv mail, 25 cents per dozen, extra,

MILLER & HAYES,
nov 2 5774 Germantofirn Ave., Philadelphia.

AMERICAN GARDENER'S ASSISTANT.

By Thomas Bridgemau.

Containing complete practical directions for the cultivation of
Vegetables, Flowers, Fruit Trees and Grapevines. Illustrated.
529 pages, 12mo, cloth. Price 82.50. Sent by mail post-paid on
receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. JIAROT,

814 Chebtnut St., Phila,

DENNISONS

CHEAP AND neU ABLE

PATENT
SHIPPING TAGS

FORSAIEAT THfS OFF/C£,

Address CHAS. II. MAKO T,

814 Che^^tnut St., Philadelphia.

WINDOW GARDENING.

By Henry T. Williani.s.

Devoted specially to the Culture of Flowers and Ornamental
Plants for In-door use and Pitrlor Decoration. Splendidly illus-
trated. 300 pages, mcd. 8vo, cloth. Price 81.50. Sent by mail
post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

S14 Chestnut St., Phila.

ROSES AND ROSE CULTURE.

By Wm. Paul, F.R.H.S.
The rationale of Rose cultivation in a nut-shell. Intended to
place within a small compnss all that is necessary for the successful
cultivation of the " Queen of Flowers." 83 pages, lamo, paper-
boards. Price, 60 cents. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of
price. Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT.
814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

10

Till-: iioirricuLTUitAL ADVKirnsKit.

LARGE AND SELECT LIST OF ROSES.

\\ !• .illii Ir-.. Ill- li^i i-.iiiipii'-iTi.; iiviT "iiin v^iiiclic- ol' lln' l;ili~l ;iii'l clinici'sl lt( >SICS, uniwii <>ii their

i)\VN Ituiu-, ;iMil -inuik' |il:iiM-.

Hy. Perp., Teas, Nois., etc., one year, $3 per doz., $18 per lOO.

We can iiN" siiiiply In.in our iuhmtUt llif HIvST VAUl KTI l-S <>( KKII T TKIJvS, in line Krowlli, and

till' clioiscst

Hardy Mwm\ Trees mi Siris, liotli Iwim and Beciio us

I'iiif S|HTinii'ii riaiil-, I'lii- |ihiiit iiii; Mil Lawns, ^■anl-, I lanlni'., dr.

MILLER «fe HAYES, Mt. Airy Nurseries, Philadelphia-

FRUIT AND BREAD.

A Katural and Scientific Diet.

BY GUSTAV 8CHL1CKF.YSKN. i

Translated from the German by M. L. Ilolbrook, M. D. In- |
tended to show what is the natural food of man ; to lead him to
beooiuc a livingohild of nature: to simplify and beautify his
manner of living; to emancipate women from the drudpcry of
the kitchen ; to lead to increased use of fruit; to diminish the
use of flesh, and where possible, to do away with its use alto-
gether; to improve the health and add to the eaioyments and
value of life. Cloth, 250 pages; 12mo. illustrated. I'rice, $1.
Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price. Address, I

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St.. Phila. |

CHOICE STOVE liND^GlEiKr PLANTS, ^

By Benj. S. Williams, F. R. H. S.

With descriptions of upwards of eleven hundred species and
varieties. Instructions for their cultivation and mode of manage-
ment. Illustrated with colored frontispiece and numerous
splendid illustrations. 686 pages, 2 vols., 12mo, cloth. Price
$.5.00. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT.

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

GARDENING BY MYSELF.

By Anna Warner.

Containing Hints and Experiences under heading of each
month in the year. Illustrated. 16mo, 223 pages, cloth. Price
$1.25. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

GRAPE CULTURALIST. j

By Andrew S. Fuller. |

A treati.s-? on the Cultivation of the Native Grape. Illustrated.
286 pnijes, r2mo, cloth. Price $1.50. Sent by mail post-paid on
receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

PARSONS ON THE ROSE.

By Samuel B. Parsons,

A treatise on the Propagation, Culture and History of the
Hose. Illustrated. 215 pages r2nio, cloth. Price $1.50. Sent.
by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

BOOK OF EVERGREENS.

By Josiah Hoopes.

A practical treatise on the Coiiiferte or Cone-bearing plants.
Hand.somely illustrated. 435 pages, 12mo, cloth. Price $3.00-
Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price.

Address CH.\S. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila,

FRUIT SEEDS, &C.
TREE SEEDS,

Plwin Seeds, PeachSeed, &c.

Wc shall have our usvial sujiply ofthe.se seeds, of good quality,
I and early corresi)ondencc is solicited, where large quantities
i at low prices are renuired.
j Send for our Catalogues.

Tuberoses, Gladiolus, &c.

dec.l.

THOMAS MEEHAN,

Germantown, Philadelphia.

dec.l.

Large crops. Kxtra fine. Very cheap.

M.MOON&SON, .i/on/.vrWc, Pa.

NURSERYMEN'S

DIRECTORY

of 1877-78

A reference book of the Nurserymen, Florists, Seedsmen,
Tree Dealers. &c., for the United States. Alphabetically ar-
ranged by States and Post Offices. 310 pages, 8vo. Price
$10.00. Mailed post-paid, on receipt of Price.

Address. CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St,. Phila.

I HAND-BOOK

PRACTICAL LANDSCAPE

GARDENING.

IIV F. U. KI.I.IipTT.

Designed for City and Suburban Residences, and Country
School-Houses; containing designs for lots and grounds, from
a lot 30 by 100, to a forty-acre plot. Each plan is drawn to scale,
■with schedule to each, showing where each tree, shrub, &c.,
should be planted; condensed instructions for forming and caring
for lawns; building of roads; turfing, protection, pruning and
care of trees ; making cuttings, evergreens, hedges, screens, &c.
Condensed descriptions of all the leading trees and shrubs; soil
and position in which they should be grown. Illustrations of
ground plans, elevations, trees, shrubs, winter gardening, &c.
96 pp., 8 vo. cloth. Price $1.. 50. Sent by mail on receipt of price.

Address,
CHAS H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila

~TO FLORISTS,

CARNATION BLOOMS

In large quantities are offered to Florists the coming season.

THOS. F. SEAL,

sep.tf UXTOXVILLE, CHE.STER CO., PA.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

ir

Medal and Diploma a-warded by the U. S. Gen
tennial Commission, 1876, to

MITl

Manufacturers of Patent Improved

Portable Cellular Fire Box RetiirnFliie Boiler

PATENT PORTABLE CELLULAR FIRE BOX

Base

rner Boiler,

FOR HEATING

Greenhouses, Graperieti^ Cofiservatories, JPt'opaf/atirtf/ Houses, For-
cing Pits, Public and Private Buildings, Schools, Drying
Rooms, and Heating Water' for Baths,

.^^

ALSO KESP CONSTANTLY ON HAND

Expansion Tanks, Evaporating Pans, Stop Yalves, Cast-Iron Pipe, Elbows, Tees, Branches, Pipe-
Chairs and everythini; necessary, of the best material, for Greenhouse Heating.

Smith «& Lynch's Improved Ventilating Apparatus, for opening and closing Ventilating
Sash, on roof or sides of Greenhouses and Graperies.

Judges' Report on awards, with descriptive illustrated circular containing testimonials and
reference. Also price list furnished on application to

SMITH & LYNCH,

as ^e:t7

feb.l2

sT:Ee:E:E:T,

BOSTON, MASS.

12

THE noirricri/rrh'A l a n vi:irrisi-:i:.

GRAPE VINES.

Also GRAPE TVOOD and CUTTINGS. LARGEST STOCK IN AMERICA.

All li'iuiini; vuri<li>'^ i.i l:iii;<' supply. ICxIra i|ii:ilily. Triu- to iiuiin'. Spiviiil ralis tn A^iiil-. I>(mIi'is aii'l NursiTyiiu-ii. Our
list nfcustoinors now .■iiiliraoos iieurlv all the IciidiiiK mirsiTyiiion in llir cuiinti v !.■ « |,.,,u «.■ wmhI.I r. I'.i lliosi- not iicquiiinltfd

with oursi<x-k. DcscriptiTO Cataloguo and Price List Froo. T. S. HUBBARD, Fredonia, N. Y. augio

ASPARAGUS CULTURE.

lltr lint Mrtliixlx Hinjilotfiil in Einjhmtl nml l<'ra>icr.
\^\ Janus IJarnes and Wni. KoMnsmi, F. L. S.
Illiistratc("l, ■.2:M'"«^"*. '■-' "i", l>ai)t'r. Price 20 cents. Mailed,'
uostatre free, on receipt of price.

Address, ClIAS. H. MAUOT,

«14 Chest nut JSt^, Pliila

ARITHMETIC MADE EASY.

ROPP'S EASY CALCULATOR

Is a new iiulilication that must prove of iucaliulal)k- l.cnclil to
I'arnicrs, Mechanics and Business Men. It is so riijiiil and urigi-
/Ki/ Its to startle the most scholarly, and yet so ,vi»/y//c and /<rac-
tkiil that the most illilenile in fijjures can in.slanldiifoii.ih/ become
his own accountant. It enables thousands to iiccoiiijilis/i in a
minute what they ci>uld not /eom tocalculate in many months.

The first jtart containing an entirely jn'tr .ii/.ilem of Tables,
which shows a/ a (/lance the exact values of all kinds of Grain,
.Stock, Ilay, Coal, Lumber, Merchandise, etc., from one pound up
to a cnr /'/'/'/, and for any price which the market is likely to
reach ; the interest on any sum for any time at G, 7, 8 and 10 per
cent.; correct mea-surement of all kinds of Lumber, .Saw Logs,
Cisterns, Tanks, Granaries, Bins, Wagon I?eds, Corn Cribs; a
Time, Wages, and nianv other valuable table.^.

The Second part is "a jinir'iail Arithmetic, and embodies a
simple mathematical principle which enables (in;/ one familiar
with the lundaiiieiital rules to liccomc a Ih/litning ((i/cnlfitor ; and
bv which over tn(j-lhh\ls of the figures and labor required by the
ordinary metliods, and fractions with tlieir intricacies, are en-
linii/ avoided.

The work is nicely printed on fine tinted paper, is well and
.elegantly bound in jwcket-book shape and is accoinijanied by a
Silicate Slate, Memorandum and Pocket for paper. It is by far
the most comjilcte, comprehensive andconveniint iiockct manual
ever pulilished.

Prices Bound in Russia Leather, Gilded,
S2.00, Morrocco, SI.50; Fine English Cloth,

$ I.OO. ^'■"' post-jiaid on receipt of price. Adilrcs>,

CHAS. H. MAROT,

814 CnKSTNfT .St., Phila.

The Native Flowers and Ferns of the
United States.

EDITED BY THOMAS MEEIIAN.
Superblv Illustrated by Chromo Lithographic Plates. The
best, cheapest, and most attractive botanical book ever published.
Published by L. PKA>'(i & CO., Boston. Sold only by subscrip-
tion. A few" experienced Canvassers wanted.

CHARLES ROBSON, General Agent,
oct.tf 723 Sansom Street, Philadelphia.

By Edward Spk.\.gue Hand, Jr.

A treatise on Hardy and Tender Bulbs and Tubers. 3G9 pages,
12nio, cloth. Price, S2.50. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of
price

Address, CHAS. H. iMAROT.

814 Chestnut .Street, Philadelphia.

FRENCH STOCKS.

L. PAILLET,

NURSERYMAN,

At Chatenay. near Paris.
FRANCE.

Begs to inform his cnstnmcrs that hi' oti'ers for this sea-son an
immen.se lot of fine

FRUIT TREE STOCKS,

of every dcM-ription and choice, >iicli as Tears, (|Minccs, Mahaleb
I'lunis, coninion Cherries, Doucin, Paradise Apple stocks, also
a large ((uantity of

ORNAMENTAL TREES, SHRT7BS AND
EVERGREEN STOCKS.

All al very low piico and an iiiiriii'nse lot of

ROSES,
of every si/c and description. STA XDMIDS, IIMJ-STAX-
DAI'DS, DWAHI'S. and on tlieir own roots, and a large ijuantitv
5. MAI.MAISO.X, L<i FI!ASCi:,M\<\ UKSd A LES ivssu\\v(\\ also,
SEW I^osKSnf THIS SI-:as<>\. CLADIOLl'S in larue (pian-
tities. MA'i.XOJJA S(>l/,A.\(iEA.\A, VEWLAX SI'ECIOSA,
COIiDATA, MACnol'HYI.I.A and otbirs. MAdSOLlA LEN-
A'E, — a larg<' ((uaiititv of this line .Magnolia is disposable (the
true variety from graft i. MAdSOIJA OA'OSIESSIS and
double XASTAIS (two tine double flowering varieties). ,Mso,
MAGNOLIA 1m (! A LISSOME HE and (il: .' SDJEJ.OIiA.
TI:EE Mv\ SINENSIS I'.KONIES,\\m' hcxl selec'-un in Enrope.
CLEMATIS, :',() Varldlcs, also CLEMATIS ivom Seed cropped of
iHst niricfir.s at C/icnp J'riccs^ JiETil.A ALU A I'VLIIS J'LR-
/'/7.'A7.s; disposabh' bv large quantities. VIOLA, BELLE I)e
CIIATENA y, and others.

The best care and attention is given to the packing.

0/:i)Ki:s may be sent to L. /'AJLLET(\irect, or to his agents
DEMiELsTEfiT dk CO., 9.1 WILLLiM .ST., NEW YOUK. De-
posits of money or values may be sent direct to L. Paillet, or to
his agents, where catalogues iind lists can be liad. tdecS

A boautiiui work of loo Pages, One Colored Flow-
er Plate, and 300 Illustrations, ^vith inscriptions

of the liest Flowers and A'e^'ctables, and how to grow them. All
for a Five Cext Stamp. In ICnglish oi- ( lerman.

The Flower and Vegetable Garden, ns Pages,

Six Colored Plates, and many hundred Engravings. For 50
cents in paper covers ; Sl.OO in elegant cloth. In German or En-
glish.

Vick's Illustrated Monthly Magazine-32

Pages, a Colored Plate in every number and many fine Engrav-
ings. Price 81 2.") a vcar ; Five Copies for S^j.OO.

A MANUAL OF VEGETABLE PLANTS.' CKYl^S^lftt^t^f ^I'i^o^ai! Gu'dk, JSntafni^gltt .^'f iw!

and plenty of information. Address,

dec3 JAMES VICK, Rochester, N. Y.

PLANTS FOR FLORIST STOCK. ^

IN GREAT QUANTITY AND VARIETY.

Send for Price List. CKO.MWELLL & CONUDON,

nov6 Nursen/inen and Elori^l, Baltimore, Md.

BY ISAAC F. TILLINGHAST.

Containing the experiences of the author in starting all those
kinds of vegetables which are most difficu It lor a novice to pro-
duce from seed ; with the best methods known for combating
and repelling noxious insects and preventing the diseases to
which garden vegetables are subject. 102 pages, 16mo. cloth.
Price, fl.OO, mailed, post-paid, on receipt ot price. Address.

CHARLES. H. MAROT,

814 Chestnut St., Phila.

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

13

CLUB PAPERS AT NET PRICES,

ALPHABETICALLY ARBANGJED.

TO REMIT IN CLUBBING '^AS^^^^S^tl^^^:

Select such as you wish, foot up the prices annexed, and add TWO DOLLARS
for the MONTHLY to the total.

Amerii-aii Aurirulturist ^1 H*

Aitisuii 1 <J"

Huihlei- ■■!■ lit)

■' Farmer 1 •'■■"i

" .Tourual of Microscopy ■'<••

" Naturalist -S i")

Odd Fellow 1 61)

Al)])leton',s Jiniriial - oi)

Arthur's Hoiue Magazine 1 85

Atlantic Monthly 3 -io

Boston Cultivator 1 60

Building Association Journal "5

" Societies Gazette, London, England 1 35

Buck's County Intelligencer, old subscribers, S2.60, new 2 10

California Horticulturist 2 75

'Central Union Agriculturist and Chromo 1 70

Children's Friend 1 35

Hour 1 1-5

Coleman's Rural World 1 SO

Country Gentleman 2 10

Demorest's Magazine 2 60

Eclectict Magazine t 60

Farmer's Home Journal 1 35

Farm Journal 30

Frank Leslie's Ladies' Magazine 3 10

" Review 2 10

Germantown Telegraph, old subscribers, $2.50, new 2 20

Godey's Lady Book 2 15

•Graphic, (Daily), per year 9 50

Hall's Journal of Health 1 50

Harper's Bazar 3 35

" Magazine 3 35

" Weekly 3 33

Herald of Health 1 60

Household 85

Iowa Homestead 1 60

Journal of Chemistry 1 10

Journal of Materia Medica 1 10

Kansas Farmer 1 35

Lady's Floral Cabinet, with Chromo 1 01

Ladies' Repository 3 3o

Leslie's Lady's Journal 3 60

Lippincott's Magazine 3 10

Littell's Living Age 7 60

Loudon Garden 8 75

London tiardener's Chronicle 7 50

Maine Farmer 2 10

Manufacturer and Builder 1 85

Maryland Farmer 1 35

Massachusett's Ploughman $2

Metropolitan 1

Milling Journal 1

Moore'sRural New Yorker 1

Nation 4

National Baptist. 2

New England Farmer 2

" " Homestead 2

New York Evangelist 2

" " Methodist 2

" Herald Weekly 1

" " Times, Weekly, $1.10 ; Semi-Weeklv 2

" " TribuneW'eekly, «1.10; Semi-Weekly 2

" " World, Weekl)',S1.00; Semi-Weekly 2

North-Western Farmer 1

Nursery 1

Ohio Farmer 1

Our Home Journal 2

Park's Floral Gazette

Penu Monthly 2

Peter's Musical Monthly 2

Peterson's Magazine ." 1

Philadelphia Weekly Press . ... 1

Philadelphia W.M-kly Times 1

Phrenological Journal 1

Poultry World 1

Poultry World, colored plate edition 1

Popular Science Monthly 4

Practical Farmer, (Weekly.) 1

Prairie Farmer 1

Presbyterian 2

Progress 4

Purdy's Small Fruit Recorder

Saint Nicholas 2

Saturday Evening Post 1

Scientific American 2

Scientific Farmer.

Scribner's Monthly 3

Southern Cultivator 1

Southern Planter and Farmer 1

Vick's Illustrated Monthly Magazine

Waverly Magazine 4

Western Agriculturist

Western Farmer 1

Rural 1

Working Farmer 1

Young Folk's Monthly

Young Scientist

Youth's Companion, new sutecribers, S1.40; old sni)scribers 1

The above includes postage under the new U. S. Law requiring prepaj'ment of postage before
mailintj.

After subscription to a club pa^^er tln-ough this agency, report non-receipt of your numbers
and other causes of dissatisfaction, irregularities of mails or changes of residence, only to said
paper direct {not to this office).

Remit by P. 0. Order, Draft or Registered Letter. Cm'rency is at risk of mails.

If you wish a receipt or reply, enclose postage stamp for that purpose, otherwise the club papers will bo considered a sufficient
receipt.

Addi'ess,

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

14

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

ARTHUR'S

ILLUSTRATED

HOME MAGAZINE

FOR 1879.

V'lir so many yoai> a niu'sl in llic Imnio unci lioarts dCtlir p('i>-
ple, with wliosi' Imusoliold I'li'i's and iliilii's, ami social IH'c, in-
tiTfsIs, and plca-suri's it lias sn cldscly iilciililicd itsclt", the lloMlc
MAfiAZIXK conies again, it" tin' ni'w year apiiniai'lics, and asks
for till' old place anions y<iu, and the oUl cordial welcome.

Not a tithe of what it will liring yon in the new year, ilyon
open the door and iHTiiiit it to have a free entrance, can lie fold
in the limits of this advert iscmeiil ; Imt eiioii>,'li can lie set forth
to uive von some t'air idea of the rieli and varied attractions if
will |.r.'-rllt. l'nri'nlH-.t ainnTC t lir^,. «i|l Let lie lo||o\vin«:

VIRGINIA P. TOWUSElTDrav'Zlt:;

with mil- icailii>. Hill loiiiiminc a iiiw >(rial Storv in the Jaiiu-
arv ninnl.cr This will he fdlow.-d hv

TEITDEE AUD TRUE;;.^;;//;:^;^^^.^^;;;^

T5nC*T?T T A T3TPT7 "ill '"riliihiile a scries of articles
itUuijljJjii niUJ-J "11 Western I'ioiicer J>ife, under
III.' liili- "I ■' /■'■nlliio l'<,:,//irhi/s : tii\ llif LdiiIi/ Lives of IjOnii .Ir/o."
BT^OTITT BATT^C! i'"i'i''" "»' ''t'« "f ''OurXei/jlihoi-
i ll IjJj X A U i 1 U /""W," is n„i,ig t,. give a scries of
papers ill her jieciiliar vein, which will be sjiicy and gowl, of
course, 'flic idd lady declares it to lie her intention to allow
her~-clf "lintli latitude and loimitude " in discussing the att'airs
of her nci._'lil..p,li,„Kl.

HTT A IPTV T5T5 HntTC! " •" talk to our young lady
UXX A ill iDfwwUJ^U readers in her easy, sen.sible
and |ilcasaiit war, under the title of " Wrinkles and Dimples; or,
Mus.lfiin.l Mil (i'irlsr

MRS. SAM STARKEY:.^;'n;L"tS

<|nitc a favorite in Wisiern reading eil■l■ll•^, is to give the HoMK
M.\<;azink a scries of letters in her jiciuliar vein. They will he
full of liuiuan nature, iiuiet humors, and i|uaint touches of char-

MANY NEW WRITERS al.:uli';^:!;;i:i.

ready larije list nf r'nitrilpiitors, wliih' supplies of choice literary
matter will be drawn from all available .sources, in order to give
the IIoMi-; MAiiAZiNK an interest and value second to no periodi-
cal in the count rv.

rriTTTP TTAMP nTTJpT P that favorite and attract-
illJj IlUiYIill WilbWliiJ ive Department will
overflow with iuli rest for the coming year. "Chatty Brooks,"
"IJi-heii" '•Viirii," "Kiintt'st," and a score of friends, new and
old, will meet our readers there month after month, in a series
of re-unions full of delight and ])rotitablc iiiterc(jurse.

AUtheVARIEE DEPAETMEHTS

will be sustained as ol old, most ol them from month to month,
and oihiT- a- llo' press .,f matter will admit.

BUTTERICK'S PATTERITS";^^.:;:
PREMIUMS TO CLUB-GETTERS !

W !• are ^'oint; to give our ( lub-( letters Minietliiiig more than an
extra copy of the Magazine, for their W(uk in making uj) Clubs.
See heloir.

TERMS FOR 1879.

*j..50

1 Copy, 1 year, . ■?2.-'") | :'. Coi'iES, 1 year,

G Cui'lES, and one to Club-(ieftcr,"Sll.">0

The Premium to Club-defter for either of these two Clubs will
be $1.00 worth of Butterick's Patterns for Ladies' and Chil-
dren's Dresses.

10 Copies, and one to Club-Cietter, .... SlT.on

lo COPIE.*!, and one to ClutM letter, .... 2().()()

Premium on S17..W Clvb— one pair *1..50 Three-Button Kid ;
Gloves, and Sl.OO worth of Butterick's Patterns. I

Premium on S26.0U Club— two pairs $1.50 Three-Button Kid i
(iloves, and Sl.fHl worth of Butterick's Patterns. i

T A U P TT^ m TTTJCf ''"' tl'cse we otter as I'reniiums !

JjXirluuXu UliUiDl^full Dress Patterns of elegant !

Black ."silk or line ICnglish and French Cashmere i

A-^ Full iiarticulais in regard to these large and valuable

Premiums will be found in our Special I ircular to ( luli-detters,

which will be mailed on application to all who desire to make up

Clubs for IS7'J
.■Specimen Number, 10 Cents.

T. S. ARTHUR & SON,

deci 227 South Sixth St., PHILADELPHIA.

V

ERBENA

S

Strong, Bushv Plants, free from Bust or Mil-

ilew <:<. per lOil; J-.'o |«'r lOOd; iVlal thousand

llool.d Cnllini:« -I per 10(1 ; vij |„.|

1(10(1 Onr Verbenas are all Named, CLoice, High
Colored Varieties

20,000 ROSES.

PiiK' v iv; plant- in '." .. in.li poi^ .; i.. ", in. b,s hi),di, s| per 10(1

m \% sDuid pnB mmmm snaioo i3n

MOW (iKB.\Nl CM Mad. Amelia Baltct, best double White,
'.!.»•. each, S2..")0 per dozen. NKW .sTBIPI;D (JKBANIIM New
Life, SI each, SKI per dozen. NKW DOIBLK WlilTK IVV
CiKR.VNll'M ],ney I.emoiiie, loc. ea<-li, ?1..">0 jicr dozen.

Wholesale Price List sent on application.

(itcT SKED, PADDOCK Sc CO.. Cleveland, O.

House Plans For Everybody.

FOR VILLACI:; ANI> COINTKY RIXIDKNCKS, COSTING

FROM $250 TO $8,000 liV

S. B. REED, ARCHITECT,

lucludinK full descriptions, and estiiiiati' in detail of
material, labor, cost, with many practical suggestions, and 175
illustrations : 24H pages, 12uio- cloth. Price, 81..50 mailed, post-
paid on receipt of price. -Vddress, •

CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 ( hestnut St, Phila.

HOW TO HUNT AND TRAP.

I'.y ,1. II. Beatty, Hunter and Ta.\idcrinist,
Containing full in.struetions for hunting the Buttalo, Elk,
Moose, Deer, Antelope, Bear, Fo.\, (Trouse, Quail, (lecse.
Ducks, AVoodeock, Snipe, etc., etc Also, the localities where
game abounds. In trapping, tells you all about steel traps ;
how to niake'hoine-made traps, and how to trap the Bear,
Wolf, Wolverine, Fo.\, Lynx, Badger, Otter, Beaver, Fisher,,
Martin, Mink, etc-, Birds of Prey, poisoning carnivorous ani-
mals, with full directions for prejiaring jielts for market, ctc-
Fully illustrated. 22:5 pages. 12ino. cloth. Price SLaO. Sent
post-fiaid on receipt ol price. Address,

(HAS. H. MAR.)T, H14 Chestnut St.. Phila.

Preseryiug, PicMiug and Canning Fraits.

By Mrs. M. E. Peterson.
Containing a choice collection of receipts for Preserving, .
Pickling, and Canning Fruits, many of them being original
from housewives of experience. 72 pages, lt5ino, cloth. Price
.50 cents. Sent by mail, post-paid, on receipt of price.
Address. CHAS. H. MAROT,
814 Chestnut St.. Phila

Architects' and Builders' Pocl(et Companion

AND PRICE BOOK.

By FRANK W. VOGDES. Architect,
Consisting of a short but comprehensive epitome of Decimals.
Duodecimals, Geometry and Mensuration, with tables of U.S.
Measures, strengths, etc., of iron, wood, stone and varioiis
other materials, quantities of materials in given sizes and di-
mensions of wood, brick and stone, and a full and complete
bill of prices fir nirpe/iter work. Also, rules for conuiuting and
valuing brick and brick-work, stone-work, painting, plaster-
ing, .fee, 284 pages. Itimo, doth S1..5I). Tuck, $2.00, Sent by mail
postage free, on receipt of jiricc. Address,
CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila.

PRACTICAL HINTS

On the selection and use of the

MICROSCOPE,

Intended for beginners, by John Phin.
Editorofthe Am. .Journal of Microscopy. Enlarged edition.
Profusely illustrated : 181 pp.. ]2mo., cloth ; price, 75 cts.
Mailed post-paid on receijit of price. Address.

CHAS. H. MAROT. 814 Chestnut St.. Phila.-

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

15

Harper's Magazine.

1879.

I LLUSTRATED.

NOTICES OF THE PKESS.

Harper's Mngnzhie is the American Magazine alike in litera-
ture and in art. — Bu-slon Traveller.

The most po]juhir Monthly in the world. — N. Y. Observer,

It i.s an excellent companion for the young, a delight to the
mature, a solace for declining age. — Louisville Courier-Journal.

No other Monthly in the world can show so brilliant a list of
contributors; nor does any furnish its readers with so great a
variety and so superior a quality of literature — Wutchnian,Boston.

The volumes of the Miignzine l)egin with the Numbers for
June and Decemtier of each year. When no time is specified, it
will be understood that the subscriber wishes to begin with the
current Number.

HARPER'S PERIOICALS.

HARPER'S MAGAZINE, One Year $4 00

HARPER'S WEKKLY, " " 4 0(»

HARPER'S BAZAR, " " 4 00

The THREE publications, one year 10 00

Any TWO, one year ". 7 00

SIX subscriptions, one year 20 00

Terms for large clubs furnished on application.

PostMje Free to all subscribers in the i'niied Slates or Canada.

A Coinplete Set of Harpkk's Magazine, now comprising 57
Volumes, in neat cloth binding, will be sent by express, freight
at expense of purchaser, for $2 25 per volume". Single volvmes,
by mail, jjo.'<lpaiil, $3 00. Cloth cases, for binding, 38 cents, by
mail, postpaid.

Remittances should be made by Post-Otfice Money Order or
Draft, to avoid chance of loss.

Sfwsjia Iters are uot to copy this aiherti.teiuenl icithonl the express
oritt-r of Harper A Brothers.

Address HARPER & BROTHERS, New York.

Harper's Bazar.

1879.

I LLUSTRATED.

NOTUE.S OK THE PRESS.

To dress according to J/arper's Bazar will be the aim and
ambition of the women of America. — Boston Trnnscript.

As a faithful chronicle of fashion, and a newspaper of domes-
tic and social character, it ranks without a rival.— Brookl i/n

JMI/If.

This paper has acquired a wide popularity for the fireside en-
joyiueut it aftbrds, and has become an established authority with
the la<lies. — A' 1'. Evening Post.

The Volumes of the Bazar begin with the first number for
January of each year. When no time is mentioned, it will be
understood that the subsciilicr wishes to commence with the
Number next after the receipt of his order.

HARPER'S PERIODICALS.

II.VRPER'S M.\(i.AZIN"i:, One Year »4 00

H.VRI'KR'S WEEKLY, " " 4 00

H.VRPKR'S BAZAR, " " 4 00

The THREE pul>licatioiis, one vear 11) 00

Any TWO, one vc-ar 7 00

SIX suliscriptio'us, one year 20 Oo

Terms for large clul)s furnislied on application.

Postage I-\ee to all subseribers in the liiileil States or Canada.

The Annual Volumes of Hakpiok's Bazar, in neat cloth bind-
ing, will be sent by express, free of exjieusc (provided the freight
does not exceed one ilollar per volume), for S7.00 each. .1 vom-
jilftr Set i;nn\\irisii\fi Klereu l7)///m»'.v, si-nt on receijit ofcasli at the
rale ot'$:").25 per volume, /VciVy/zt at eiiifuse of pitrehasrr.

(loth Cases for each volume, suitable for binding, will be .M'nt
by mail, postpaid, on receipt of ??1.00 each.

Remittances should be made by Post-Ofiice Money Order or
Draft, to avoid chance of loss.

Neu:\/>'l/ters ore not to rojjii this aihertisenient n-ithon^ie express
order of ]\ \nvKi< A Bkothkrs. "

A.I.Jre^- IIAl:i'i:i! A- URoTIIERS, NCw V.uk.

Harper's Weekly.

1879.

I LLUSTRATED.

NOTICES OF THE PRESS.

The Wefklg remains ea.sily at the head of illu.strated papers by
its fine literary quality, the beauty of its type and woodcuts. —

Springfielil Reiiublirun.

Its liiitorial attractions are superb, and embrace every variety
of siibjei't and of artistic treatment. — Zian's llintlil, Boston.

The Wi'i-Kii/ is a jioteut agency for the <liss(!min;ition of correct
political principles, and a powerful opponent of shams, frauds,
and false pretenses. — Evening Express, Rochester.

The Volumes of the Weekly begin with the first Number for
January of each year. When no time is mentioned, it will be
understood that the subscriber wishes to commence with the
Number next after the receijit of bis order.

HARPER'S PERIODICALS.

HARPER'S MAtJAZlNE, One Year «4 00

HAKI'EKS WKEKLY, " " 4 00

HARl'i;U'S I'.AZAR, " " 4 00

The THREE publications, one year 10 00

Any TWO, one year '. 7 00

SIX subscriptions, one year 20 00

Terms for large clubs furnished on application.

Postage free to all subscribers in the United State.% or Canada.

The Annual Volumes of Harper's Weekly, in neat cloth
binding, will be sent by express, free of expense (provided the
freight does not exceed one dollar jier volume), for $7 00 each.
A complete Set, comprising Tu-enty-tu-o Voltinn-s, sent on receipt of
cash at the rate of S5 25 per yolume, freight at expense of purcha.ier.
Cloth Cases for each volume, suitable for binding, will be sent by
mail postpaid, on receipt of $1 00 each.

Remittances should be made by Post-Otfice Money Order or
Draft, to avoid chance of loss.

New,ipaj>ers are not to copy this advertisement without the express
order of Harper & Brothers.

" Address HARPER & BROTHERS, New York

Fruit Qrouret's' Hand- Book.

By F. R. Elliott, author of "Western Fruit Growers
Guide." (one of the best posted men on the subject in the
United States). Contains the practice on all subjects con-
nected with fruit growing. The book is made for those who
grow fruit for their own use Also an Appendix, containing
matter relating to the selection and culture of Ornamental
Trees, Roses, Plants, &c. Illustrated with 45 wood-cuts, 130
pages, Itjmo cloth. Si : paper, GO cts. Sent by mail postpaid
on receipt of price. Address.
CHAS. H. MAROT. 814 Chestnut St.. Phil a

THE VEGETABLE GARDEIT.

r.v .iames ho(.(;.

A complete guide to the cultivation of Vegetables, contain"
ing thorough instructions for Sowing, PiantinK and Cultiva"
ting all kinds of Vegetables : with plain directions for pre-
paring, manuring and tilling the soil to suit each plant; in-
eluding also a summary of the work to be done in a vegetable
garden during each month of the year. 137 pages, Ithno,
cloth. Illustrated. Price 50 cents : sent by mail, post-paid,
on receipt of Price. Addre.ss, CHAS. H. MAROT,
814 Che^nut St., Phila.

SUBTROPICAL GARDEN ;

Or, Reaiitij of Form in thf. Flotoer Onrtlet,.

By W. Robinson. F. L.S.
Beautifully illustrated. :i41 p-iges. IJmo. cloth. Price, 82.75
Mailed, postage free, on receipt of price

Vddress. CHAS. H. MAROT.

Ml Chestnut St.. Ph ibi

ART OF GRAFTING AND BUDDING

iiy Cliarles l!;illel.
Appropriately and fully illustr.ited by cuts, showing meth-
ods to(ds, and appli.iiices, i! i pages, Ijmo, cloth. Price.
S-.iKi. Mailed. post:i!?e free, on receipt of price.

Address. CKAS.H. MAROT.

S14 Chestnut St.. Phila.

IC

THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER.

Index to Advertisements.

Advert isiTS (;rt riYyii/-.'!/'./ /o luui onlirx in Imii'l iis \'.\\A.\ .\-<
Possiiii.K. tbpt/ ri-reiifil itfirr t/u-'-'il of rdc/i month can not In' IN-
SURKD insertion in tlif nril is.iue.

Aliens. L. & Co., I'liiliidolnlilii, Pa 7

Arthur T. S. .^ S niil:ulfl|>liiii U

)5uvcrs(l..rf.'r M. M. .li C... Philiul.'li.liiu 4

Painl, W. V. HloouiiiiK'loii, 111. 7

liailv X Hanlonl, Makaiula, 111 (i

Harkj'r Daiiii-l, Norfolk, Va 2

Hrvaut .1. M., l'lula.k'li)hia Flv-leaf

Chiitficia A. v., Albaiiv, N. Y (over

"(' 197," Cincinnati, Oliio I'i

Collins .liilm S., Monrt-stown, N. J Hi

Cowrn N., New York 1(>

Croniwoll .V Ci'mi'lini, Haltiinore, Md 12

Dick .lohn, I'liilaa.li.liia. 7

Dinfidsti'.lt A ( (»., New York 12

Klder Walti-r, Pliiladolphia. «

KIlis Bros., Koeni, N. 11 !)

Fostor, P. II., Pal.vlon, N. Y; 7

"U," Box (>(!!, Ncwjiort, H.I 8

Gregory James ,T. II., Marblchead, Mass Ply-loaf

Grieve.s ,T., Pater.son, X. J •>

Glic-schor and Kulilnian, Ciueinnati, O !t

Gojbels P., Memphis, Tenn 2

Harper A Brothers, New York 15

Harris Win K., Pliiladelpliia -T

Henderson Peter i4 Co., Xew York 1

Hinrichs C. P. A., New York (>

Hitehings A, Co., New York 3

Hoovev, C. II. A Co. Boston, Ma.ss 7

HubbaVd T. S., Pretlonia, N. Y 12

Kelsey P. W., Rochester, New York Ply-leaf

Landreth, David A .Sims, Philaflelpliia Ply-leaf

Lord's Ilorticullural Works, Irvington-on-the Hudson, N. Y.. 4

Lvuex P., Philadelphia 6

Marot (has. H., Pliiladelphia, 2, 5, G, 7, S, <), 10, 12, 18, 14, 1.") 16,

Ply-leaf, cover

Meehan Thos., (lermantown, Phlla ] s, 10

Miller it Haves, Philadelphia . . 9,10

Moon M. & Son., Morrisville. Pa 10, Ply-leaf

Nimnio Alex., Brooklyn, N. Y 5

Nursery Cards. 9

Parry, W''ni.,Cinnaniinson, N. J 2,16

Parson.s & Sons Co., Flushing, N. Y Cover

Parsons R.B. & Co., Flushing, N. Y 10

Peters Harry W., Lake George, Flori(ia I'ly-leaf

Kobson Charles, Philadelphia 12

Rolker August A Sons, New York a 1, Ply-leaf

Seribner & O., New York 2

Seal Tho.s. P., Pnionville, Pa 10

Shepard J. H., Plautsville, Conn 9

Situations Wanted. 16

Sked, Paddock A Co., Cleveland, Ohio 14

Smith A Lynch, Boston, Mass 11

Southern Enterprise, Atlanta, Cja 9

Straiton A Storm, Now York. 2

Sturtevant P. I)., Bordentown, N. .1 2

Townsend, Hammar A Co., Boston. 6

Transon P. A IC, New York Cover

Vaughan J. C, Chicago, 111 y

Vick James, Rochester, N. Y 2, 12

Watson William, Bienham, Texa.s 16

Wright Peter A .Sons, Philadelphia 2

SITUATIONS WANTED.

B^ a sol>cr and iiirhistrious in;ui. <TrrMiaii,as Lcanlener in a
commercial or jjrivate jilacc. lias had twenty years' ex-
perience in this country, and understands the business well.
Would not ol>ject to go in as a working partner with some gen-

tleman in a driving city. Best of references given ;us to abilities
and character Addi
Louisville, Ky.

Iress William Seller, care of Narz A Neuner,

AS gardener in a private or ctminierclal establishment. Well
up in all its branches, including Orchids, stove and green-
house plants, and the forcing of flowers, fruits and vegetables.
Married man with a small family, (jood reference given. Ad-
dre.ss Sanil. Parker, No. IIO-') Front Street, Harrisburg, Pa.

AS foreman and iirojiagator, by a married man, small family.
Thoroughly understands his business in all its branches;
has had long experience in the business. Pir.st-cla.ss reference
from present and former emplovers. Address ,T. ("., care White
Bros., R.)chcster, N. V.

Xaspberrtes,

lilackherrifs,

Fruit Trees.
Tin ex anrl I'Untts.
30.000 PEACH TREES.
Send for catalogue.

WM. PARRY,

Cinnaminson, X. J.

Sharpless

STRAWBERRY,

The Largest and Best.

Flowering Camellias,

W'c arc this y.'ar again alj|.- lo ollrr vrry linr jilaiils,

WITH A GREAT ABUNDANCE OF FLOWER BODS.

Purchasers will find that the Mowers will return inuib moic
tliaii the co^l (.f ihr plaiitv .\]ii..].- the bml.bd -oris arc

m mi m other \m whiiss,

As well as the best c.lond Uiii.l-, I'or prices address,

R. B. PARSONS & CO.,

nox 00.

Foreman Wanted.

A first-class out-door working foreman, one who is well up in
the propagation of Fruit Trees, and hardy ornamental nursery
stock, and is willing to do what he is' told. Location very
healthv. Good wages to a good man. Address, stating wages
wanted WILLIAM WATSON,

oct-2 Rosedale Nurseries, Brenham, Texas.

2,000,000.

Genuine Strawberry, Raspberry, Blackberry, Currant, (Jrape
Vines, .Asparagus Boots, Peach Trees, Ac, Ac. (ioon Stoi k,
LowKsT Prices. Nuw Catai.o(iuio now ready. Sent free.

augtf

JOHN S. COLLINS, Moorestown, N. J.

WANTED.

A p[li.sT-(l,.\.ss GakdeNEK to take responsible charge of large
place with 4.">000 feet of glass and care and growth (jf tine plants
and cut flowers. Proprie'tor's business is increasing, making it
necessary for him to give more exclusive attention to bis city
depot, and to put in his place a thoroughly reliable man to at-
tend to an increased demand lor stock. A good man with gooil
references indispensable. .Vddress "(', 107," Cincinnati, ( >. dec.l

THE BLESSED BEES.

BV JOHN ALLKN.

A record of a year's work in Bee-keeping by modern methods;
its profits ccitain and large, and its jileasures invaluable. In-
tended to ditfuse a more general knowledge of Bee-culture. 169
pages, 12 mo. cloth, liraj). Price, fl. Mailed jiostatie free on re-
ceipt of i)rice. Address, (HAS. ll. jM.VUoT,
S14 Chestnut Slrn-i, I'biladelpbia.

HOWTO LAY OUT A GARDEN.

Uy Kiliviril Keuip.

A general guide in Choosing, Forming and Improving an Ps-
tate (from a rjuartcr-acre to a hundrd acres in extent i, witli
reference to both design and execution. Illustrated witli nu-
merous plans, sections and sketches. 403 pages, 12mo, cloth.
Price $2.50. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of pri- e.
Address CH AS. H. MAROT,

814 t heslnut St.. Phila.

>»BEFORE BUYING GLASS.-- ESTIMATES

H-:aHOAM3jsi

'•i:s qvNVO /.OS*^

s 'saiHGiLVA^asHoo "sasnoHHaaHO 2
(D 4

RURAL AND PRACTICAL BOOK

sent by mail, post paid, on recei])t of price.

Allen's. R. L.. Diseases of Domestic Animals

Allen's, L. F. Rural Architecture

Allen's L. F., American Cat-rle ,

Allen's, R. L. k h F , New American Farm Book

Allen's. R, L.. American Fjirm Book

American Bird Fancier, (Brown's)

American 'Weeds and Useful Plants

Ap|)le Culturist. 8- E. Todd

Art of Propagation, (Jenkins)

Art of Saw Filing *.

Art of Graftinff and Budding

Architect k Builders' Pocket Conipanion.tuck.S'i.cloth.
Architecture. .Modern American, Cummings & Miller...

Asparagus Culture, pajier

Baker's Fruit Culture

Bassett on Cranberry Culture

Barry's Fruit (larden

Bell's Carpentry made easy

Bement'f: Poulterers' Companion

Bement's Rabbit Fancier

Beet Root Sugar

Bickuell"s Village Builder. 77 plates

Bommer's Method of Makinir Manures

Bonssingault's .J. B , Rural Economy

Breck's New Book ol Flowers

Briilgeman'.s American Gardener's Assistant

Bridgeman's Fruit Cultivator's Manual

Bridgeman's Kitchen (hardener's Instructor

Building Associations, How to Manage

Building Assoiatiuns, What 'J'hey Are

Buisi's, Robert, Am. Flower Garden Directory

Buist's, Robert, Family Kitchen (Jardener

Burr's Field and (.iarden Vegetables of America

Carpenter and Joiner's Hand Bock, (Holly)

Cliorlton's (i rape-Grower's tiuide ,

(Jheruistery of the l-arm. (Nichols)

Cleveland's \'illas and Cottages.

Cobhelt's American Ganlener

(dole's S. Vt . American Fruit Bonk

Co(e's American Vt'terinarian

Dniild's. Geo. II.. American Cattle Doctor

))aild's Modein Horse Doctor

Dana's, Samuel H , Muck Manual

D.irwin's Variations of Animals and Plants. i2 vols)....

Darwin's Insectiverous Plants. English Edition

" ' '■ American edition

DeVoe's Market Assist.ant

Downing'.-. A. J.. Landscape (Jardening

Downing's Cottage Residences

Downing's Fruits and Fruit Trees of America

)iowning's Rural Essays

Downing's Ladies' Companion to the (ilarden

DuBreuil's Vineyard Culture 'Dr. Warden!

Eastwood on Cultivation of the Cranoerry

Elliott's Western Fruit (xrower's (Suide

Elliott's Tjundsc-ipe (Jardening

Klliott's Lawn ana Shade Trees

Elliott's Fruit Growers' lland Book, paper, (50 cts. cloih

farming for Boys

Ferns in their Homes and (Jurs, Robinson

of Kentucky. Williamson

Field's, Thomas. W., Pear (Julture

Five Acres tiM» Mui-h (illustr.itcd;

Flagg's European Vineyards

F'la.Y Culture

Flint. Ch-is. L., on Grasses

Flint's Milch Cows

Floral Deeor.ilions for Dwelling-llouses

Flower's Homes for All

French's Farm lira inn ge

Fuller's (ir.-ipe Culturist

Fuller's Small Fruit Culture

Fuller's Striwberiy Culturist

Fuller's Forest Tree (,'ulturist

Fulton on Peach Culture

Gentry's Ijite Histories of Birds, (2 vols'

(irey's How I'lants (Jrow

(iray's Manual of Botany

(Jray's Manual. Bot'iny and Lessons, in one vol

Gray's School and Field IJook of Botany

(xrcgory on Squasht^s, pi|)er

(inernon on Milch Cows ,

<iuidc to Fortune

llar.ay.ihy's (iraKC Culture and Wine M.aking

Harris' Insects Injurious to Vegeta, do, S+; col. eng's.

'Harris on the Pig

Hatfield's American House Carpenter :

Henderson's Practical Floriculture

Henderson's (rardening for Pleasure

Henderson's (iardening for Profit

Herbert's Hints to Housekeepers

Jloopes on Evergreens

Hop Culture

How to Buy a Farm, and Where to b'ind One

How to Paint

Hussman's (Jrapes and Wines

.Jacfjues' ALnnual of the House

S, (and any others in the market not on this Ii.st) will he
Address Cha.s. K. Marot, 814 Chestnut? St., Phila.

$1 00 Jacnups' Manual of the Garden SI 75

1 50 Jennings' Cattle Doctor 1 75

Jennings' on the Horse and His Diseases 1 75

Jennings' Sheep. Swine and Poultry 1 75

Johnson's (hardeners' Dictionary 3 00

Johnson's How Crops Feed 2 00

Johnson's How Crops (Jrow 2 00

Johnson's Peat and its Uses 1 25

Johnson's Elements of Ag. Chemistry and Geology 1 50

Johnson's J. S. W., Agricultural Chemistry 1 75

2 00 Kemp's Landscape Gardening 2 50

1 .TO Klippart's Farm Drainage 1 75

Langstroth, Rev. L. L., on the Hive and Honey Bee... 2 00

Leeds' History of the United States 1 50

Leuchnrs' How to Build Hot-Houses 1 75

Leibig's. .lustus. Familiar Lectures on Chemistry 75

Louden's Eneyclop:edia of Plants 21 00

Lvman's Cotton Culture 1 50

Manual of Vegetable Plants 1 00

Mayhew's Practical Book-keeping for farmers 80

Mechanics' Companion, (Nicholson) 3 00

Meehan's Ornamental Trees 75

Miles on the Horse's Foot 75

;>tiner's T. B , Bee-keeper's Manual 1 25

Mohr on the Grape-vine 1 00

Money in the Garden 1 50

Mv Vineyard at Lakeview 1 25

Mv farm of Edgewood 1 75

My Ten-rod Farm .50

North American Svlva, 5 vols..l5(5 col. plates in .30 parts,

unbound 60 00

Half Turkey Antique, gilt 70 00

full " " 75 00

Nichol's Chemistry of the Farm and Sea 1 25

Norton's, John P., Elements of Scientific Agriculture. 75

Norris' Fish Culture 1 7."i

<')nion Culture 20

Our Farm of Four Acres 1 25

PacKardis Guide to the Study of Insects cloth (J 00

Parks and Gardens of Paris.... 7 50

Paul's Book of Roses (iO

Paul's Rose (harden 3 00

colored plates 5 50

Pa.xton's Botanical Dictionary 15 00

Pardee on Strawberry Culture 75

Parkman's Book of Roses 1 50

Parson's Samuel B., on the Rose 1 .50

Peat and its Uses 1 25

Penr Culture, Fields 1 25

Pedder's, .James, Farmers' Land-measure OO

Percheron Hffffe 1 00

Peterson's Preserving, Pickling and Canning Fruit -50

Phin's Open-air (xrape Culture and '^Vine Jlaking 1 .50

Quinn's Hear Culture for Profit 1 00

(^uinbv's Mysteries of Bee-keeping Explained 1 5(1

Randall's Sheep Husbandry 1 5()

Randall's Fine Wool Sheep Husbandry 1 00

Rand's Bulbs 2 50

Rand's Flowers for Parlor and Garden 2 50

Band's Popular Flowers and How to Cultivate Them.. 1 2."»

Rand's (Jarden Flowers 2 50

Rand's Orchid Culture 3 00

Rand's Rhododendrons 1 .50

Robinson's Alpine Flowers 4 50

Sub-Tropicial Garden 2 75

Wild (harden 2 25

Ropp's Commercial Calculator, cloth, $1, Morocco Tuck 2 00

Rose Culturist paper .30

Robbins'. Pi., Produce and Ready Reckoner..

2 50
2 50
1 50

30
1 75
1 50

50

10 00
20

4 00 >
.30 '

2 50

5 00
2 00

1 50

12 00

25

1 (50

1 25

2 50
1 OO

1 00

2 (JO

1 5(')
1 00
5 00

00

1 50
\ 50

1 25
5 00
7 00

2 00

2 60
() .50

3 00
5 00
3 50
2 00
2 00

1 50
1 50
1 00
1 00
1 50

1 50

2 00
1 25
1 50

1 50
50

2 50
2 50
1 50
1 25

1 50 Saunders' Domestic Poultry, paper, 40 cloth

1 50
1 50
20
1 50
1 50
4 00

4 00

2 50
30

Sa.Kton's Hand Book, in four series, each 1 50

Schenck's Gardeners"Text-book 75

Seribner's Ready Reckoner and Log-book .'50

Strong's Cultivation of the Grape 3 00

Ten Acres Enoueh 1 50

. ,, Thomas, J, J., Farm Implements J 50

1 25 Thomas. J. J.. Fruit Culturist ; old ed., $.'i,00: new ed... 3 60

2 25 Tobacco Culture 2;}

Ville's Chemical Manures 1 25

Warder's American Pomology 3 00

Hedges and Evergreens 1 50

Waring's Drainage for Profit and Health 1 50

100 " Elements of Agriculture 100

5 00 " Earth Closets 50

(i .50 Webster's Dictionary, Unabridged 12 00

1 M) Well's Kverv Man his own Lawyer 2 00

3 50 Williams. B. S., on Stove and Greenhouse Plants. 2

1 .50 vols, ill'd 5 00

1 .50 M'illiams. B. S.. on Select Ferns and Lycopods 2 .50

1 TH) Williams. B. S., Orchiil (jrower's Manual, 4th edition.. 2 50

] 7,5 '• " ■■ " 5th edition.. 3 50

3 00 Window (iardening... 1 50

40 White's Gardening for the South 2 0(_)

] 75 " Oanberry ("ultiire 1 2)

1 on Wood's Class Book of Botany.... 3 50

!. . Wright's Practical Poultry Keeper 2 00

1 "" Vouatton the Horse 1 j5

1 50 Youman's Household Science 2 t>

Japanese Persimmon.

\Vi' iilli'r for till' Fall and tfinter Tratlf :i Vfiy liir^'e and fmt' slock of lliis Mt^w ami UrIiclouH h'rult. The tn'es
Imvo alllii'cn itrowii al least oih' year in mir h'uriterit^H, ami ln'iiiK thus wc-ll aci'liinalrd and with ^ond niois, an- gn-atlv pmfcr-
alile to any others. No one, i-spiM hilly in tin* Southera ami Saulh- WfHtrru .S>«/«'«, should he willioul thoni. Tfiey will
thrive h herover the Anterica it I'f'miinmoH will. The smaller trees can he sent hy mail. PEI02, 'J to :t fnot, $1.00 eueli ; $75
[H-r hundred ; :no 4 feet. $2 each. $'.50 per hundred; I to r. feet, $ J each. Llboril Di3:o-ant to Nursorymon anl Sealers. Fr)r those,
desirous of eolleeting oniers we can furnish PLATE-BOOK i>l $2 each. .^en<i for Coscriptivo Circular.

We hav(. also a most extensive and complete ass<ntmeni of all kinds of Hardv ani Ha'.f Hard?

FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES, SHRUBS AND VINES.

SPECIALTIES.— Rhododendrons. Hardy and Chinese A;aleas. Camellias. Roses. Magnolias. Purple Beech. Japanese Maples
and New and rare Plants.

PARSONS & SOXS CO., Limited,

Price List Free, nescrlptive ('iitajogiic.io eent.f. KISSBSA XORSBKTES, Flimhinff, N. Y

A. r. CHATFIELD, BACK VOLUMP.S

IMfORTF.R AND (.KOWEB OK

oi- Tin:

EAST INDIAN GARDENER'S MONTHLY

ORCHIDS.

fan .still he had in luimhers, per year - . . . S2.10
Hound in neat cloth cases, including numhcrs, . - - .'{.00

" " Itoan " "... :t.i,5

DkHvitciI postciffe free.
Or mail ns your own numbers, and have them bound in cluth
Ciuses for 9:i cents. JSeturned to you hound po.Stage free.
Address,

CHAS. H. MAROT,
PRICES ON APPLICATION. 814 Chestnut Street.

Albany, N. V., Mar.li I, ISTS. mclitf

PHILADELPHIA.

P. &E. TRANSON

\ m^f^ '^^f^m.^^m^j ^hl i&^i ij^^^i "P^jr- ^

Hcf; to inform lie ir Iriends and customers }{enerally that ihcir

INTew List for 1878 unci 'TO

is now ready and may ho had on applicaiioii ti

Messrs. KNAUTH, NACHOD i KUHNE,

100 & 102 BROADWAY,

NEA^ YORK.

This Catalogue contains Prices of all the FUUIT THEE STOCKS; an extensive list of FRUIT TREE.S, New and Hardy
ORNAMENTAL PLANTS, CLIMBERS, the Hardiest and best CONIFERS. ROSES on their own roots. Also, SMALL CONIFERS,
DECIDUOUS and EVERGREEN ORNAMENTAL TREES, one or two years' .Seedlipgs, most useful for Nurserymen.

j8®*N. R. — The greatest attention given to packing. . octS

New York Botanical Garden Librar

3 5185 00253 9946