LIBRARY OF THE MASSACHUSETTS AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE No.__s.f^_5:a5:. DATE..5:rAa.Qs so u RCE _,C_o,Ll e& e....4^u.'nds v. 11 [December 28, UIU7 The Gakden.] The Gardbn.] [DfiCHMBEB 28, 1907. From a pastel by] [Siffnora MajUovani Guiti. Miss Ei.len Willmott, V.M.H. The Gabdhn.] [Dkofmbkr 28, 1907. ,.s^t^€U^^ AN Illustrated Weekly Journal OF Horticulture in all its Branches, Founded by W. Robinson in 1871. VOL. LXXI. CHRISTMAS, 1907. LO0XDO[N^. Office: 20, TAVISTOCK STREET, COVENT GARDEN, W^.C. Published by "COUNTRY LIFE," Ltd., 20, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C, and by GEORGE NEWNES, Ltd., 3-12, Southampton Street, Strand. The Gakdjbn.] [December 28, 1907. C . 11 TO MISS WILLMOTT, V.M.H THE SEVENTY-FIRST VOLUME OF "THE GARDEN"' Is dedicated. M' ISS WILLMOTT has long been known as the foremost among women in practical horticulture and as the possessor of immense and ahvays-increasing collections of plants on her three places of residence in Essex, in Savoie and on the Mediterranean Coast. But it is as a conscientious and painstaking botanist, giving the greater part of hei- life and strength to the production of serious scientific work, that her name will live among those of her honoui-ed fellows in botanical science. Miss Willmott was among the first who received the Victoria .\:edal of Honour instituted by the Royal Horticultural Society, and her interest in that society and the National Eose Societj' is unflagging. The world of horticulture and botanical science owe much to Miss Willmott for her great knowledge so freely given and her enthusiasm in promoting a love of flowers and their ways in this and other countiies. Vol. LXXI. L" The Garden,'" December fiS, 1907, INDEX A. AbuMlona as roof plants, 5SS Acad i aud Grevillea out of doors, 95 Acauihus mollis 1. tlfuUus, 4"2 Acetylene ^la refuse for Paach curl, 373 Achioienes, S'l, 45S ; and Glusinlaa, 82 jK lothera macrocarpa, 577 .4':.blou6ina grandiflorum, 236 AsapaDtbus, 422 Akdbii qutoata, 248 Almond fruits, ripening, 550, 575, 586, 508 Aloe leaf causes b'oud poisoning, 14 Alpine garden at F.lir Park, the, 4, 16 Alpine plants, forced, 211; f tr dry ati , 236 ; in pans, 178 ; delicate, 553 Alatrcetnerlas, 27 Aiyasum aaxitlle, 231, 5S7 Aruaryllia, 82, 278 American blight, 255 American Gooaeberry mildew, the, 284 Ampelopsis L 'wi, 510 Amphicoma E-undi, 355 Anchuaa itallca Dropmnre var., 3S0 Anderson, Mr T. C , lOS Andr oaace sarnientosa atd Oao^ma albo* roseum, 321 Anemone alpiua, 63; and U,% allies, 19, 77, S!) ; apenniiia and its varieties, 103 ; the florist's, 207; fulgens and its vr*., 114 ; Hepitici and Us alliea, 140 ; j>ipoDica and its vars., 103 ; narciasiflora, 129 ; Pulsatilla, 214 ; Pulaatilla var. alba, 530; rtvularls, 12!) ; aud Ranunculus, 45 Anemonea. 19, 77, 80. 103, 114, 140; S-. Brigld, 248, 344 ; Poppy. 155 Annual climbing plants, 113 Annual flowers, a garden of (prize essay), 65 ; and Sweet Peai, bordeis of, 39 Annuals, 218, 410; beautiful 78 ; beds of, 190; half-hardy, seeds if, 121; hardy, Alterations, prepiring for, 457 Annual flower, a beautiful, 90 15S, 194. 434; at Brocklesby Hall Gar- dens, 527 ; sowing, 23 ; two beautiful, 482 Aothurium scherzerlanum, 121 Antirrhinums from Messrs. Dobbie aud Co , 354 ; or Snapdragons, 226 Aphelaudrn.21S Aphides, 255, 434 Apple Charles Ross, 26; Cos's Orance Pippin, 2 ; Golden Pippin, the old, 18S, 211 ; King of the Pippins, 201 ; Ribs -.!■ Pippin as a cordon, 493; trees, 82; for aniiteurs, 514; buab, for proQi, 541 ; pruning newly-planted, 00 ; re- plantinir, 589 ; Worcester Pearmain, 4S3 Apples for amateurs, 538, 530, 550, 563, 575, 587. 598 ; Cox's O.-auge and Ribston Pippin in May. 265 ; excellent new, for amateurs, 600; lur Northumberland, 611; in June, 344; in North Lincoln- shire. 23 ; and Pears, gatberlntr, 493 ; and Pears, summer pruning of, 3S7 ; fur profit, buih, 551 ; of receutlotroduction, 4 Apricot, the, 558 Apricots, 159, 182, 207 363, 374, 446 Aquilegias, 262 Arachnanthe rohaniana. 531 Arctotis, a beauiiful, 550; family, the, 261 Artichokes, G>ube, 302, 314, 546; i-.i autumn supp ies, 326; Jerusalem, 206 Arum L'lles, 236 ; pi je ttnura, 102 Arum Lily with iiouhle ti > ' ers, 235 Aiclepias atrosanenl- ea. 99 A'paragua, 266. 302, 509, 545, 570; btd-, 231 ; in sprinir, 290 ; h .* to grow, 327 ; seedlings, 363 Aspidistras, 121 Agter Mme. Cna^heanx, 599 Aaters, 194 ; annual 139 Auhrittias, 231 Auricula, the, 260 Autumn plani iug, preparing soil for, 423 ; colours, 533 ; »ork 523 Azalea indies, 106, 522, 594 ; lichen on, 75 Azira?, 77 Biden-B den, notes from, 136, 222, 306, 502 Balsams, 140 Bamboo3, 207 ; dying throuch flowering, 163 ; the flowericg of, 186, 211, 234, 246, 270, 402 ; hardy, 201 Battersea Park, flowers in, 414 B an, French, early, 254 ; Runner, a good — Prizewinner, 490 Baana, Broad, 135, 558; French, 279, 314 363; Climbing, 254; some useful, 230 two good — Epicure and Green Gem, 499 Kidney, jr-iserving. 410 ; and Ptas, 121 Runner, 458, 499 Bedding, 423 Bed ling plants, lifting and potting, 498 spring, 211 ; summer. 249, 509 Baech Wood and Chili Pine, 223 Beet, 218 ; Heakale. 206 Beetroo'., 194 382 408 473 Begonia, bedding, a good, Phosphoracens, 394; Gloire de Lorraine and its vars., 106 ; how to grow, 227 ; seedliog from, 607; aocotrana, 113, 374; winter-flower- ing, a valuable, 113 Begonias, fertillBingduu''!*', 328 ; tuberous- rooted, 82 ; tuberous, 231. 194 ; seels of, 22 ; winter-flowering, 127 Belladonna Lily flowering early, 344 Berberidopsis corallina, 77 Barberis Darwinii, 458 ; Wilsor^Pe, 541 Birch, a distinct, 101 ; a splendid. 258 Birds and the great snow, 174 Blackberry, the Spineless. 23 Black Bullace, Veitch'a Lingley, 611 Black Currant mite, S7, 426 Black Curranta, 472 ; cure for big bud, 138 Blue do -vers, a garden of, 437, 463 Blue Gum trees outdoors, 18, 39 B )rder for the autumn, a mixed (prize essay), 449 ; flower, foe late summer and autumn, 482 ; a neglenred, 103 Bjrders, herbiceoua, 242, 266, 473, 522; shady, how to make the beat of them, 477 B ittliog fresh fruits, 317 Bougainvllleas, 423 Bouvardiaa, 45, 134, 207, 374, 446, 601 Bramble, double pink, 442 Briar stocks and their preparation far planting, 4 ; in hedgerows, 275 British Columbia, fruit growing In, 426 Broccoli, 290. 340; whatlsa? 39; White Sproutine, 254 Brodiseas, 380 Brjom, the, 234 ; plnkof New Zealand, 428 Brooms, the hardy, 298 B 03m Rape, a, 514 ; one of ths, 529 Bruasels Spiouts, 04, 134, 473 ; early, 290 Budding, notes oo, 283, 323 Bulbous plants in winter, gcowiag, 27 Bulb show, a school, 174 Bulbi, 302, 434, 486 ; beautiful borders ( f, 427; the depth to plant, 515; early, 398; for eaUy f trcing, 635; for th-» greenhouse, 355, 379 ; haidy, f .»r autumn uUnting, 516; in fibre, 463; in the London parks, 490 ; in peat moss and oyster shells, how to graw, 576 ; plant- ing, 515 ; rare, 88 ; and tubers, 523 Bishfrulis, home-raised, 535 Cibbage, 230, 473, 510,534; sprin?, 446, 535 Cibbtgea, 24, 326, 373; spring, 106 Cactus, a hardy, 415 Cfeaalpinia jiponica, 552 ; Dulcherrlma. 606 CaUbish TubicGo-nlpes, 514 Ciladiums, 458, 498 ; and Gl-xlniaa, 45 Cdanthes, 22; deciduous. 472 Calceolaria, cniliu/ , 473; a rarp, 224; yellow, and Pen's niion, purple, 490 Cilceolarias, 194 363 434 472, 509; her- baceous, 290, 374, 522 C .lluna vulgaiis, 463 Camellia, the ChiLesePje jny-9owered, 215; reticulata, 215 Camellias, 76, 546 ; how to grow, 49 Campanula isophylla, 52; laciiflora, 418; pyramldalis, 183, 338, 423 ; h jw to grow, 175 ; Vidali, 543 Cmdytuft, perennial, 287 Cannas, 63, 82, 121 Cipe Hyacinth, the, 369 Capaicumg, weil-growu, 504 Cirdoona, 434 Carnation, new, Cheyonne, 415 ; pew, Hon. R. H. EJen, 415 ; Malmais.-ii, 328 ; Mrs. Kearley, 464 ; Richness, 402 ; Tree, as a border plant, 232 ; winter-ttowtrlrg y. the florist's, 150 Carnations, 121. 146, 362, 365, 446. 606; beautiful seedling, 514 ; border. 45, 266, 271,353,363, 480; Malmiison, 146, 255, 314, 510. 522; at Hadd.t House, Aber- deen, 402 ; in winter, 27 ; winter treat- mini of, 614 ; perpetuai-fl jwering, 319 ; at Porter's Park, 502 ; from seed, raising. 75 ; some new, 378 ; Souvenir de la Mal- maison, 325 ; Tree, 255 ; winter-flower- ing, 34, 190, 314. 325, 510 ; at Ascott, 114 ; how to gfQw, 125, 161 ; new, 162 Carnegie T uat garden c irapetltions, 462 Carpenteria callforcica, 77, 367 Carpet bedding plants. 498 Carrots, 171, 314, 363, 398, 434, 440, 487 ; a good method of keeping, 327; in frames, 594; and Turnips, 94; Tuinipa and Beet, wintering, 534 ; wintering, 343 Cataipas, the, 428 C ittleya Iria Hla Majesty, 481 Cauliflower, new, White Quee'n, 121, 146, 171, 398, 437, 571; autumn, 522; for spring planting, 303 Ceanothus Gloire de VerBailles, 553, 591 Cedars at Kew, th*^ old, 14 Celeria;, 194. 314, 523 Celery. 94. 134,194,207.255,278,200 325, 350, 374 409, 473,498, 593; storing, 569 Cerastium arvenae compactum, 504 Cereua pauclsplnuj var. fulvisplnu9, 415 Chamomile, Ox-tye, 434 Cherries, 255; beautiful, 233; fallln; tu fruit, 328; for growing in pots, i-e^r, 383 ; Morello, 374, 387, 393 ; and other fruits in an amateur's garden, 429 Cherry, Moreiln. for a north wall, 65 Cherry trees, 218 Chicory, 500 Chili Pine and Beech Wood. 223 Chimonanthus fragrans, 102 China, hardy plants from, new, 237 Choiaya ternata, 77 Christmas Roses, 503, 594 Chrysanthemum, bush plants, 52 ; best yellOT late. Golden Gate, 138; txSibl- 1 ions, 563, 587 ; Japanese, 621 ; Sunsi o -e, 95; maximum Davidail, 296; Rnosd n, 577; Mrs. J. Hygate, 614 ; ornatura, 5.3 ; Pompon, Snowdrop, a useful 1 ite-flo vei - ing, 34 ; a new annual. Silver Queen, 439 Chrysanrhemuma, 70, 171, 266, 337, 422 458, 472, 570, 60S ; American, 533 ; Anemo'ie-flowered, 15 ; annual, 6; W 'if, a few,- 34 ; ear'y-flowering, 121, 443, 570 ; early, at L mg DItton, 528 ; grouping, in shows, 015 ; hairy, 39 ; latp, 88, 110, 152; losing foliage, 508 ; at Merstham, 533 ; new early Uurder, 614 ; ne v incurvnl, 601; prizj essay, 561; si' gle-flowered. 33, 42; at Swanley, 594; "true sto>'k " in, 38, 62, 87, 127 ; in vases, 152 ; white, early-flowering, 18 CimicKuga simplex, 282 Clmicifugas, 260 Cinerarias. 112, 120, 434, 442, 522 558 Ciatus, 373 Ciatuses, dwarf, 462 ; the hardy, 455 Clematis J^ckmaul, the white, 405 ; m m ■ tana, 234, 266 Clematises, 194 ; autumn-flowering, 506 ; canescens, 378 ; Jackmani, 614 Climbers, 106, 242 ; greenbu ise, prunl g. 58; in stove and greenhouses, 606; twj continuous-flowering, 200 Climbing pUnt, a bdautiful, 422; a fragrant, 439 ; a handsome, 209 Climbing plant?, two beautiful, 128 ; ^leautiful hardy, 61 ; (prize essay), 245 Civia, the, 100, 106; miniata flowers, 186 Culeus, 207, 472 ; cuttings In sand, rooting, 127 ; ihyrsoideus, 134, 242 Colman, Mr. Jeremlab. 14 Commellna coelestls, 462 Compost or soil, potting, 341 Conifers in a NT^h Wales garden, 205 Convolvulus althioldes, 61 Coreopsis or Calliopsis, 146 Cornflowers cf d fferent colours, 415 Coronilla coronata, 07 Corydalis cava alblflora, 191 Cosmos biplnnatuB, 575 Cotoneaater, 76; angustlfolla, 50; flowe's of, 62; horizontalisona wall, 552 Cotton Thistle, ihe, 454 Cotton Thistles, 478 C jwslip Bush, the, 15 Crassulaa, 290 Crattegua Pyracantha, 76, 101 Crinum longiflorum, 379 ; Moore', 87 Crocus, autumn, 338 ; a beauLilul and is vars., 492 ; caicellafus, 402 ; Mara- •thonialus, 74; M. Helar, 52; speciosus alba, 613 Crocuses, early spring, 107 ; from seed, and hybridising, 223 ; In the graaa, 101 ; spring-flowering, 151 Crops, rotation of, 458 ; thinning the, 206 Croquet ground, a, 331 Crotons, 134 ; and Dracseaas, 46 Crown Imperials, the, 271 Cucumber, a gorid wln'er, 41 ; beds, 58 Cucumbers, 70, 134, 182, 183, 333, 374, 423, 446 ; for winter fruiting, 582 Currants, 242 ; Red and Black, 314, 546 Cuttings, 534 Cycia ctrcin«lis, 120 Cyclamen, 218, 333, 442, 486. 534 535 ; double, increasing the, 186; hattly, growing under evergreens, 379 ; hardy, under trees, 358 ; a new fringed, 554 ; Persian, 410 ; a beautiful new, 35 ; sow- ing seed of, 422 Cyprlpedlum inslgne, 607; parviflorum, 303; apectabile, 347; tautzlanum nigri- cans, SO Cvpripediums, twin. 536; hardy, 310 Cyiaus nigricans, 378 D. Da^oecla polifolla, 428, 442 DjfEodll, foes of the, 200, 235 ; season, (he paat, 333 ; show at Auckland, New Zealand, 3; ahowp, 170, 187 ; stripe. 414 Daffodils, aniflcial colouring in, 133; do not bloom, why ? 222 ; t^o »>ny, new.SSO ; some new Irish seg, 237 Djff odils from ScotiaLd, 136.248,265 ; amall> for pots, 406; Tulips «rni Hyacinths, how to grow (prize es ay). 513; yellow stripe disease in, 11, 75, 234 Uahlla, the climbing, 510. 606 Dihliaa, 82, 509, 510; dacorailve, 576; new quilled, 176 Ddsiea, Shasta, 344. 505 Uiphoe, a beautiful, 247 ; liidi::a In flower, 140 ; odora, 16 D I'ura suaveolttHP, 77 Delf,hlulum sulphureufii, 235 ; Z '.i\, 358 Djudrobiumo, the mnl Lidatiueu^ of, 58, 143; at Glasgow. 99 Deutzia scabrii, 345 Digging, 487, 504 ; and trenching, 403 DiasciaBarbeiffi, 103 Diaa grandiflora. 415, 427 Dipladenias, 132 Diplopappu3 fruticosus, 97 D'oinbraiu Memorial Cup, 74 Dorr^iiicum cjlumnte, 224 Draciunas and Crotona, 46 Dundee, children's flower show at, 138 ; school children and plant-growing, 26 K. Etst Ead garden, an, 270 Echeveria retusa, 09 Echinocysti^i lobata, 61 Eieiwels', 129 Eigingj, 70; perennials for, 4 ; Elinburgh Parks and Gardens, 08 ; Royal Botanic Gardens, 2 Elwardsia grandiflora, 296 Endive. 302, 350, 500 ; winter, 29 E -emuii, the, 367 Eremurui lobustus, 368 E'ica cillaris var. maweana, 4S0 ; colorans, 15 ; Veitchli, 101, 140 Erlnue, 13S Eicallonia macrantha, 77 Escallonlas, 458 Eucalyptus cocclfera in I -eland, 591 ; ficl- folia, 441, 462, 479 ; a rare, 441 Euphorbia j icquiniseaora, 121 Euonymus, 77 ; amerlcanus, 436 Evergreens, pruuiug, 150; transplanliag, 486 Exochorda grandiflora, 306 P. Faaciated growths, 470 Fennel, Sweet, 458, 499 Fenuela, S.vee , 490 Fern, a remarkable new, 576 Fernery, the hardy, 170 Ferns, 582 ; a simple method of raising, 601; for Wardian cases, British, 140; hardy, 207 ; Hart's-tongues, 115 Fig house, earliest, 213; the Hottentot, 600; trees, 446 ; in pots, early forced, 553 Figs 82, 255, 314, 398, 472, 570. 606; in pot?, early, 121 ; in the open, 201 ; under glass, how to grow, 332 ; outdoors, 146 Filbertp, &c., 94 Fire Thorn, 76 Flame Flowers, the, 111 Fleibane, thepu'ple, 599 Flora of France, the, 82 Floral arrangements, 527 Flower, a beautiful indoor, 64 ; a remaik- able, 308; beds, 231 Flowers at the Cornish Riviera, 599, 611; by artificial lighf, 54 ; from a chalk soil, 235 ; from a Surrey garden, 285 ; frcm Cheshire, 439; from Howlh, 35; from Ireland, 486; from Kirn, more, 223; from Messrs. J. Veitch and Sons, 266 ; from S mth Wales, 553 ; in the garden, blue, 50 ; late blue. 575 Forget-me-not, the New Zsaland, 143 Forsythia on a fence, 103 Fragaria indlca, 393 Frame, the colu. 374 Francoa ramos', 614 Freesias, 16, 58. 100, 362, 374, 546; in a cold pit, 418; new, 165; at Swanmore Vicarage, 230 French Beans, forced, 41 Friar Park, the alpine garden at, 4, 16 Fritlllarla imperialis, 271 FrltUiary, the Snake'a-head, 227 Fruit, blossom, proteciine, 32 ; bottling, some useful recipes, 498 ; buda from blrda, protecting, 90 ; crops, the use of walls for, 527; cultivation InScotlind, increased, 270; garden, making a, 112, 123, 165 ; gathering, 498 ; growing in British Columbia, 450 ; hardy, 279, 473, 582 ; pruning, &c , 9, 10 ; January. 22 ; houaes, 22 ; recipes, 362 ; room. 290 ; a cheap, 472 ; preparing the. 423 ; tree pts'.p, 522; wash, a good, 563 ; trees in gravelly soil, planting, 413; hardy, beauty in, 472 ; for north walU, 37, 110 ; prf.fltable, 101; pUnting. 522; in pots, 314 ; prep J ration of ground for, 458 ^^5 0 6 VI. INDEX. [" The Garden," December 38, 1907 Fruit trees, pruning of, 274; recently- erafted, 213; sorsylng, 218; crsnsplaut- InE 682; wall, 231; winter treatment oJ, 501 ; under glass, 9, 10. 68 278, 486 Fruits, bot'ling fresh, 317 ; gruolug and packing, 65 ; L«xton's, 510 ; small, prun- ing, 70 ; under glass, January, 22 Fuchsias, 53 ; from seed, 502 : the best, 481 ; a new race of, 453 Galanthus Imperati var., 249 ; Atkinal, 306 Gaiden, a corner of the, 299 ; new, maklug a, 423 ; pests, common, 329 ; plants of 1906. new, 86 Gardener, a great. Sir Joseph Paxton, 14 Gardeners and commisalon, 50 ; prizes for January, 2, 9S ; Feiruary, 126; March, 97 ; Anril, 162. 234 ; May. 210. 292 ; Jane, 258, 330; Jul?. 318.390; August, 366; September, 426. 514 : October, 478, 662 ; November, 526 Gardenias. 169, 278, 360, 498, 694 ; how to grow, 215 , . , Qa' denlng advice, valueless, . 4 ; in scbcolg, 426 ; " in Town and Suburb," 499 Gardening fcr heein-'ers, 8. 20 32. 44. 66. 68, 80, 92, 104, 118, 132. 144 156 168 ISO, 192 204, 216, 228 240, 262, 264, 276, 288, 300. 312, 3-24. 336. 348, 360, 372. 384, 396. 408, 420, 432, 444 456, 470 484, 496, 608, 520, 532, 644, 656, 688, 680, 592, 604, 616, House, plants an 1 flowers in the, 21 Humea elegans. 325, 398 Hyacinth, the. 5-29 ; Grand Msltre, 222 ; Che Water, 60 Hyaclnthus Bzurens var. amphibolis, 321 ; candlcans, 369 ; in glasses, 615 Hydrangeas, 302; ab.'Ut, 562, 576; blue, 434 ; how to groT, 28 ; moie about, 699 I . I. Impatiens, a new, 563 la»titntion, Girdeners' Royal Benevolent, 60. 148, 317, 366 loLiopsiomm acaule, 90, 111 Ipomcei, 61 Iri", ihe Algerian, 42, 141 ; " dans les J»rdi"», les," 106 ; Lacustrlp, 393 ; Netted, the, 141; paraci.'a. 431.451 ; tn<-Siheri«n, 321; sibirica, 380; •^yl..-», 94, 113, 593, 613 ; tlagltan», 3, 325. 404, 4-26 Irises, bulbous, 419 ; KouUsti and Spanish, 473; a ro'e uu, 187; from October to August, 139; Spanish, in a North country garden, 443 Irish garden, plants m flower in an, 364 Ivies, 76, 146 Ixias, 237 ; how to grow, 640 Garlic, 325 ; and Shallots, 82 Garryaelllptica,76 Oaura Llodhelmeii, 369 Genista monosperma, 97 Gentiana acaulls, 275 Geutlaoella, the, 275 Geranium cuttings, 556; platyanthum, 308 ; new tricolor, 464 Geraniums, 63, 58 ; the hardy, 167 ; Ivy- leaved, 190; pyramidal, in EUham Hall Gardens, 5-26 ; winter-flowering, 116 ; zonal, fo"- wtnrer-flowerlng, 540 Gesneras, 207, 403 Gllia coioo .pifulia, 564 Gladioli, earlv-floweiing, 394, 402, 455 ; Kel way's, 439 Gla liolus, the winter-flowering, 146, 607 Globe llowers, the, 309 Gloriosa superba, '299 Glory Pea, the. 273 Gloxinias, 273, 302 ; and Achimenes, 82 ; and Caladiums, 45 ; from speds, 75 Gooseberries, 242, 255, 314, 446, 461, 546 Gooseberry mildew, ihe American, 284 366 ; In E igland, 341 366 ; bushes, 546 Gouros, ornamental, 62 Grafting, 168, 169 Grafts, 350 Grape Biack Hamburgh, 242; Lady Djwne's Seedling. 177; Midresfleld Court, 290 ; scald, 323 Grape Hyacinth, the earliest, 27 Grapes, 256 ; bottling, 693 ; early Muscat, 266 ; f ir amateurs, 54 ; late. 278. 5-23 ; Muscat, 410 446 ; thiuulcg, 171, 259 Grease bands, 646 Green fly, preventing, 142 Greeuh use in early summer, the, 272 ; plant, a beautiful, 272; small boiler f..r, 110 ; the small unhoated (prize essay), 609 Greenhouses, amateui-'s, heating, 522 Guelder Koses, the, 319 ; a rare, 641 Gypsophila, late-flowering, 627 i H. ! Hardy cllmhing plants (prize essay), 246 • flowers, 338; flowers, some beautiful. 358 ; fruii, 278 ; plant, a valuable, 564 ' plants from Cbma, new, 237 ; plants' two good, 553 ! Harebell, the LIgurian, 52 1 Hartley Grange rock garden, 417 Heath, an autumn-flowering, 480 ; an Irish, 428, 442 Heaths at Kew, hardy, 198 ; rare, 486 ; the early-flowering, 262 Hedges, various, trimming, 369 Helianthemuma, 373 Helianlhus H. G. Mjon. 358 Hellebore, the »hi'e, 56S Herbs, 106, 169, 362, 374, 534 Herbaceous border, 546 ; uorder, formation and planting, 489; borders, 34 Hermannia cauaicans 15 Hieracium villosum, 393 Hlppeastrum, a blue. 98 Hippeast'ums. 218, 313, 472. 582 Holbeck Girdeus, Scaroorough, 447 Hollyhock, a biautlful, 394 Hollyhocks, 410 ; fiou seed, 52; in a Nor- folk garden, 517 Hollies, the. 209 Hot-beds, 682 Honeysuckle, a beautiful bush, 298 ; winter flowerine, lo2 Hop Hornbeam, 344 Hortlculiural Club, East Anglian, 38, 98 ; College, Swanlev, the, 270; Dinner, loternational, 282; directory, (he, 15; work In Surrey, 368 Jacobinias, 563 Jasmine, wini,er-floweriDg, 102 Jaammum nndifiornm, 102; primnlinum, 140, 186, 270 Kalanohoe Dyeri, 129 Kile, Sutton's Haruy Sprouting, 146 Kiles, useful winter, 41 Kelwaj's flowers, Messrs., 12 Kew in 1906, visitors to, 38 Kaw Gardens, wild fau^a and flora of, 174 Kew gardeners, '269, 295, S18, 342; Guild Journal, 48 ; Hanu Lists, the, 246 Kitchen gaiden, 10; January, 22; late summer cnipping uf, 422 ; planting, '24 Kuiph'.fl*. Ill ; and Pampas Grass, 619 ; I Ufa, 643; Saundersii, 492 Knotweea, a rare, 103 Labels, lead, 62. 87 Lady's Slippers, hardy, 310 Ljclio-Cattleya Andron.eda, 323 Land, preptration of, 458 Lantaua 8alviEe:o;ia, 299 Lapageria risea flowers from outdoora, 59 seeding, 39 Lapageriaa, 593 ; in the opfn, 574 Lirkspurs, a oeantiful, 286; lr..m Cash mere, a, 439 ; roae-coloureo, 505 Larkspurs, annual, forced, 331 Lalhyrus, 61 ; pnbeacens, 182 Laurels, mistaken use of, 612 Lavender, 423 ; sweet, 91 Lawn, the, 149; mowers and how to use them, 162 Lawns, 82, 218, 472, 658 ; and paths, 1'21 ; new, 158 ; the summer treatment of, 322 ; turf on, 128 Lawrence Medal, the, 74 Leeks, 71, 169, 207, 243 266, 338, 409 Leopard's B .i e, ihe, 224 Lettuce, 4'23, 636 ; f t winter silads, 569 Lettuces failing, 615 I Leucojuma, 518 Llbonia floribunda, 64 I Lilac, Chinese, a, 359 ; white, 286 Lilacs, the, 257 Lilies Jipanese, 488 ; a note on, 619 ; peat for, 550 ; of the Valley, 76, 94, 509 Lilium auratum wiih many flowers, 638 ; in New Zealand, 394 ; well grown, 615 ; ! candidum, 387. 466 ; crooeum, 405 ; ' giganteum. 439, 404 ; Uarrisii, 558 ; Ioi.bI- florum, 242; in ihe open gard-n, 494; snlpbureum, ^b2S ; testaceum, i519,, 653 ; washingroniftuum, 139 Lillums, 486, 693 ; abn..rmal, 686 Lily, the Burmese. 5-28; ihe K fflr, 588; I the Midonna, 466, 495 616 ; the Nank en, 619; the Orange, 405; ite Sacied, 102; Torch, a neglected, 492 ; white, forcing ^ the, 479 ; the Ziphyr, 38 Ling, the, 463 Linum trlgyuum, 99 Lobelia cardinalls, 363 634 Loganberry, the, 406, 472, 610, 694 London parka, uncommon subjects in, 414 Lonicera syrineantha, 298 L'jquat, (he, 442 Lucnlia gratlsslma, 16 Lupine, a new, 344 Lupines, perennial, 331, 344 ; shrubby, 331 ; under treea, 271 LuptuuB arboreus and Snow Queen, 313 Lychuis Vlscaria alba, 481 M. Magnolia grandiloa, 76; macrophylla, 354 ; stellata, 163 Main, Mr. A, V., prtsentation to, 602 Mandevilla tuaveoleus, 439 Manettia bicolor, 299 Manure, f )«1, 345 ; In the garden, 169 . Manures for amateurs, best artificial, 25 Maples, J.panese, in fruit, 296 M^rantas, 159 _ M«rr.iwB, Vegetable, 106 169, 182, 278, 279 350, 362 ; bush, the, 106 " Masters' Lectures, the," 306 • Matterhorn" in England, the, 605 ( Meadow Saffron, 687 Meconop?iB nepalensis, 313 ; Walllchl, 626 [ M gasea, 260 Melon, 183, 218. '242, 290, 302, 374, 4-2; canker in, 323 ; eany, 76 ; in cold Iramss, 177; in frames, 363 ; late, 609 Meieudera caucasica, 110 Me«embryanthemum», how to grow, 162 Michaelmas Daisies, 151 Michaelmas Daisy or Starwort, the, and new sorts, 603; double, the first, 639 Michauxia Tcnil-a^ch. tfi.626 Mignoneite, 360, 374, 609, 594; how to grow, 379 ; tv,r pot and boruoia, 57 Mildew, '255 ; American Gooseberry, in E.. gland. 341 ; carbolic soap as a preven- tive of, 164 ; on E ises, the wet season and its effect on, 392 MiUonla vexillaria, 344 Mistletoe, 258 Mjccasin Flower, the, 347 Mock Oranges, the dwarf, 381 Moles, deiitroying, 26 ; in the garden, 10 Montbretias, 28, 510 ; new, 605, 664 Moschosma ripaiium, 242 Mulberry, the. 483 Mushrooms, 387, 546 ; out of doors, 197 ; a simple w^y of growing, 670 Mntlala decurrens, 14 Myosotidium nobile, 143 Myrtle, 77 N. Narcissus Grand Monarque in flower, 35 Nectarines, 194, 374, 486; and Peaches, 231, 242, 312. 314, 326, 434 ; early, 255 ; loaf-curl in, 188 Nerine F. D Godman, 564 N^rlnes, 58 363, 423 ; ont of doors, 582 Neviusia alauameusls. 265 N irwich garden, a, 306 Nymphwas, 207 ; more about, 248 646; 106; 4'23; O. October, a year's flowers in, 514 Odontioda B''adsha«je, 55 Odontoglossum cri-pum Mme. Linden, 29 O Jontoglossums, 136 ; treatment of newly imported, 143 Olearia, 77 ; Haasli, 334, 481 Oucldiums, easiiy-gr..wn, 176 Ouion ground, ihe, 58 Onions, 94, 398 ; auiumn-sown, 135 how to grow, 94 ; main crop, planting nut, '207 ; spring-sown, winter, 374 Ouopord i>n Acanthium, 454 Orange, Mock, a new, 359 Orchard house, 194, 338, 582; trees, 498; pruning old, 693 O.chid, a curl._.u8 (Angrtecum sesqulpe- dale), 612 ; a handsome new, 481 ; a new hybiid, 55; a remarkable, 531; Lady's Slipper, a beautiful, 89 ' Orchids, hardy wild, 354 Ot-nlthogalums, 566 Oi'Obanche Hederte, 5-29 Oitrowskia, the, 63 ; magnlflca, 3 ; In Sjuth-west Scotland, 405 i ^- Pffiinia albiflora, 677 Fa; inies, 34. 446 ; herbaceous, 491 ; one of the old, 577 Pieony, Tree, Elizabeth, 344 Palms, 94 Pampas Grass. 171 ; in Anglesea, 6i5 ; and Kniphofla, 519 ; at Reading, the, 139 Pansies, 146, 446 ; from Messrs. Dobbieand Co., 236; and Rjaea, 335 ; some Tufed, 250 ; of blue, lavender and lilac colours, 332 : in the spring, 271 , Paris Chrysanthemum Committee, 514 Pasque-flower, the wliite, 630 ; the, 214 Pea Sutton's Ea-iy Giant, 374 ; Late Queen in October, 499 ; Sutton's Little Marvel, good early, 105 ; Webb's Masterpiece, 106 ; good early, Webb's Surprise, 121, 163 ; White Pearl, 344 Peach blister, 242 ; blossom, 234 ; houses, cold. In spring, 210 ; succession, 94 ; leaf- curl, 402 ; acetylene gas refuse for, 378 ; and Nectarine house, early, 121 ; trees, disbudding, 207 ; new, Peregrine, 405 ; spider pie, 414 ; irees outside, '274 Peaches, 194, 266, 374, 486, 635, 593 ; and Apricots, '207; diseased, youcg, 3'28 ; earwigs in outdoor, 451 ; flowering, 115 ; la'e, 488 ; and Neciarne", -231, '242, 302 ; 314. 326, 434, 498, 589, 618 ; dlsnuddi .g, 268 ; early, 256 ; leof-curl in, 188, 364 ; pnl trees of, 387; outdoor, earwigs eat- ing, 479 ; second early, 146 Pear Blickling, a valuable late, 54 ; Djy- ent i du Comice at Shorwell Vicarage, 259 ; Marguerite MarllUt, 551 ; new Michaelmas Nells, 578 ; midge, the, 218 ; new, Santa Clans, 578; trees, 483 Pears, 302 ; and Apples. 398 ; pruning, 570 ; f ir small gardens. 599 ; some good, 577 Pearl Bush, the, 306 Peas, 183. 302, 338, 658 ; and Beans, 121 ; early, 134; eaaj-sheiilng, 410; garden, 106 ; how to grow, 73 ; some good, 29 ; Iste, 278 ; gond late, for amateurs, 230 ; "Mummy," 504; rew, some valuable, 69 ; preserving, 343 ; from sparrows, protecting, 254; for succeasion, 243; wire-netting for supporting, 159 Pelarg< nlum Paul Crampel, 403 ; seedling 284 ; zonal, the best, the MiBado, 403 Peia'-gonlums, 398 ; bedding. 70 ; oook on, 306 ; regal and show, 36 ; show, '207 ; and fancy, 398; winter-tlowering, 446; zonal, 194. '278, 4,S6. 546; for winter flowering, 387 ; sorts for amateurs, 573 Pentstemons, 171 Perennials for edgings, 3 ; hardy. 503 Pergola, the, 164 ; newly-made, 309 Pergolas and dwaif rock ntants, 131 Peats, comman garden, 329 Philadelphus, 331 ; purpurens var. macn- latus, 369 Phlox, Mnssy, Seraph, 239 Phloxes. 423 ; herbaceoii«, in pots, 677 Pine, Umorella, the, '235 ; the Japanese Umbrella, 176, '247, 258 Pink«, '290, 326 ; Moss, for the tock walJ, 166 ; the propagation of, 331 Plant, a beautiful blue-flowered, 3S0 ; a pretty alpine (Pratia angulata). 613 ; a rare, 355; a us»-ful autumn, 599; por- traits, recent, 16, 34, 87, 139, 194, 239, 273, 302, 371 Planting for winter effect, 606 Plants and flowers in the house, 21 forced, 231 ; under glasa, 22, 70, 242 ; hardy, for forcing, 546 ; in winter, 534 ; hou-lng, 458 ; from a Lincolnshire gar- den, 296 ; not enough grown, 27 ; iu pits and frames, 558 ; the resting season of, 498; wllh handsome fiuits, 594; with richly-coloured foliage, 545 ; in rooms, 109 ; and seeds, 34 ; tender, lif .Ing, 487 ; uncommon, 416 ; from Walmsgate Gar- dens, 681 ; for winter deoorati'in. 290 Plum Coe's Golden Drop, 79, 111 ; Early Transparent Gage, 343 ; good early dessert, Blue Rick, 405; Ickworth I Imp eratrice, 177 ; trees falling to set and mature a crnp, 328 ; In pots, 343 Plums, 171, 314, 362. 498 Plumbago rosea, 121 I Poinsettiae, 35, 194, 387 Polyanthus, 218 ; a, 367 ! Polyanthuses and Primroses, planting, 443 ; Wallflowers and Forget-m«-notB, 588 Polygonum amplexicaule, 599 ; baldschu- anlcum, 14, 61 ; sericeum, 103 Poppies, Iceland, 94, 590; Shirley, cuttir.g, 310, 379 ; Welsh, '284 Potato, a curious, 599 ; Eistern Star, 486 ; growths, thinning out, 290 ; trials in Scotland, 602 ; Webb's Express, 29 Potatoes, 94, 121. 169, 279, 4'23, 472, 473 ; the best, 1'20, 159 ; early, 349 ; In frames, 608 ; some excellent, 134 ; some good, 326 ; late, 290 ; three good, 410 ; a trial of, S& : sead, 58 Potentllla lanuginosa, 466; repalensia, 358 Pot plants from seed, 166 ; Vines, 634 Primrose Cantab, 186 ; Chinese, Webb's Purity, 95 ; the double whire in autumn, 41 ; Evening, a pretty, 482 ; a trailing, 577 ; Japanese. 331 ; Rose de Barri, 235 Primroses, 115, 218 ; a beautiful group of, 236 ; Bunch, garden forms of, 347; double, 286 ; double. In pots, 162 ; and Poly- autbns, planting, 443 Primula, Ihe Bird's-eye, 39; the Chinese, 99 ; farlnoaa, 39 ; frondosa In Ireland, 3-22; jiponlca, 331; kewensls, 8S, 95; nivalis, 191 ; obconlca grown eut of doors, 464 ; sinensis, 97 Prlmulss. 171, 183, 278, 410 ; Chinese, 423, 442, 486 ; Webb and Sons', 141 Prizes for gardeners, January, 2, 98 ; Febrnary, 1'26 ; March, 97; ApMI, 182, '^34; May, 210, '292; June, '258, 330; July. 318, 390 ; August, 386 ; September, 1 438, 614 ; Ojti bar, 478 ; November, 626 Propagation. 398, 446 Pruning, 546 ; leiSfiis In, 200. 398 Prunns davldlana, 101 ; triloba, 286 Q. Queen wasps, 99 ; plants attractive to, 126 Quince, the Japanese and its varieties, 262 R. Rabbits, sparrows and Rosea, 320 Rainfall at Cole Orton Hall, 26; at Freeland Lodge Gardens, Woodstock, 26 Randia macrantha, 64 Ranunculus and Anemone, 45 Rispberries, 362, 410, 534, 571 Raspberry, the, 46, 452 ; Superlative, 4(2 " The Garden," December SS, 1907.] INDEX. RaveDscourt Park, flowers iu, 390 Keed, a variecftted, 321 Reeds, the, 199 Regent's Park, flowers in, 222 RebmanDia augulata, 272 Rhododendrou, a be-iutiful, 614 ; cinna- hariDum, 3-14 ; parrifollum, 94 ; no early- flowerlDg. R. pia'cox, 161 ; fljwers, 59 Rhubarb, 546 ; forciog, 571 Rhubarbs, some valuable fotclng, 16 Rhus Cottous, 552 Rtce, the Indian, 191 Richirdla africana, 36S ; eUiottaDa, 446 Richardias, 2U7, 231, 39S. 535 Riverside gardening, 413 Riviera notes, 07, 259, 306. 5S9 Rick and alpine gardening, 499 Rockfoll, an early-flowerlrg, 187 Rjck garden, 231, 409 ; Hartley Grangp, 417 ; In the South, plants suitable for a dry, 386 ; plant, a new, 504 Rock gardens, 582 R jck plants, 106 ; anaong the, 454 ; dwatf, and pergolas, 131 Rocket, double white, 330; the double, 306, 343 ; the single, 418 Romueya Coulteri, 533 Room plants on a hattleship, 98 Rooms, plants in, 109 Roots and tubers, flower, storing, 477 Rosa BrunonI, 392 ; gigantea, 67, 294 ; Hugonis, 296 Rose .Enncbeo Mtiller, 335 ; analysis, 1899-19U6. 16. 40; the Anemone, 334, 3S3, 390, 407 ; Tda, Arma Chartron, 440 ; new American, Aurora, 50 ; Baron vou Pallandt, 507 ; Biby Dorothy, 690 ; a beautiful seedling, 439 ; beds, mulcbircr, 283 ; Bessie Brown, 226; Betty. 490. 531, 564 ; Blanchefleur, 357 ; Blush R*mbler, 416; Briar stocks, standard, 26 ; bushes, shape of, 153 ; a charming hedge, 392; the China, 461 ; J. B. Clark, 507, 531 ; Claire Jacquier in Cape Town, 30; Com- tesse du Cayla, 440 ; Conrad F. Meyer, 320; culture, 153 164; Daniel Lacomhe, 335 ; Djrothy Perkins for forcing, 283 ; pruning, 142 ; Dr. Grill, 416 ; beauuful pink, Dr. J. Campbell Hall. 335 ; Electra, 381; K61tcit6 Perj-i^tue, 467 ; climbing, 590; Frederick Harms, 566; foliaee curled, 328; for dry soil, a good, 100; Fortune's Yellow, 308; pruning, 328; garden on a hill-top, i, 468 ; In Bdrkshiru, a, 565 ; Gardenia, 346 ; Gtoire de Dij >n with pink blooms, 480 ; a good white, 357; Gottfried Keller, 2 ; Grace Darling, 554; Giu^s an Hangerhausen. 440; Giiia'^ an Teplitz, 480 ; Gustave Grunerwald, 4S0 ; hedges, pruning, 177 ; climbing, H6 feue, 203 ; Hiawatha, 531 ; - ew, Hugo R >ller, 393 ; Irene Watis, 440 ; Japanese, the influence of the, 382 ; Jenny Gilleoiot, 566 ; Johanna Sebus, 441 ; Joseph Lowe, 382; an old garden, Lndy Emily Peel, 555 ; Lady Muriel Bithurat, 464 ; Lidy Wenlock, 507; Lena, 507; Leoule Laroesch (dwaiE Pulyantha), 203; the single-fiowered Macartney, 440 ; Mme Abel Chitenay, 369 ; Mme. Alfred S^batler, 438 ; Mme. Autolne Marl, 431 ; Mme. Berard, 480 ; a Violet-scented, Mme. Charles de Luze, 142; Mme. Con- stant Soupert, 214 ; Mme. Eugenie Boullet, 431 ; Mme Gamon, 540 ; Mme. Hector Leulllot, 383 ; Mme. Segond- Weber, 490; Marco, 320 ; Mai6chal Niel, 13 ; Mrs. Aaron Wara, 566 ; Mrs. Peter B air, 102; Mrs. Sharman Crawford, 666 ; Mohrenkboig, 441 ; the Mnek, 251 ; ^Nipneios, 15; the Noisette, 335; noie, a, 440; notes, 429, 469, 540; Poyllis, 542 ; PrincuBse Marie Mertchersk?, 540; a blue, 174; Queen Mab, 142; Relne Mdrguerlie d'lbalie, 507 ; R»v. Allan Cheales, 381 ; Rev. Divld R. Williamson, 451 ; Richmond, 154, 296 ; standard Rimbler, Rubin, 116 ; Sbuw, the Natiunal, 334, 335 ; single, a handsome, 225; sinica Anemone, 334, 450; new R.iujbler, Tauaendschon, 213; 'Jea Rtmbler, 383 ; Tea, a good whi e. The Queen, 429 ; tree pest, a, 283 ; Ulrlch Brunner, 602 ; Hyhrid Briar Uua, 465 ; Victor Hug.-, 295 ; Wrtltham Bride, 251; Waliham R-imnler, 393; Warrior, 467 ; new. White Killamey. 342, 366 ; Wdite Maman Cochet, 566; Wnite Per, 441 Roses, 158, 182, 243. 290, 498, 522 570 ; in autumn, 461, 490 ; Btttiksian, 266 ; as pot plants, 177; uest fur late districts, 590; for bowls, buttunbolps and table deiura- tions,214; budded, 434; bud-grafting of, 4; Chribimas, piautlug, 3S6; climbing, 356; some beautiful sons, 346 ; some old- fasbloued, 369; creeping (nichurai ina), some of the newer, S7 ; from cutlinga, 387. 531; early, 251, 276; everywhere, 602; green fly i.n, 226 ; guenhouae, 248; ' In u greenhouse, pianiiug, 507 ; Gustave ' Gruuerwald and Florence Pembertun, 440 ; beat Hybrid Teas for standards, 116 ; wt'h handHome fruits, 493; hedgerow, i 463 I Ro^ec, hints on planting, 597; hop matiure fir, 467 ; how and when to prune, 85, 100 ; Japanese, some of the newer, 275 ; Bi King's Waiden Bury Gardens. 407; late plttuud, 275 ; on low walla, 110 ; milde* on, 431.463; M"ps, 382; new,n<»tt-8on,377, 406, 416 430. 452, 465, 493 530, 539, 579, 002, 615; Novemtier, 6S2 ; old mud walla fur, 342 ; and Pansles, 335 ; pillar, renovating, 203; planting, 45, 106; In pots, 225, 472 ; pressing work among the (February), 51 ; propagating by cuttings, 698; pruning, 121, 159, 487; Rimbler, white early-fl)*ering, 357 ; rambling, under glass, 566; repottlnr, 440; at Sandringhara, 98; Scotch, 306, 334 ; In Scotland, 555 ; for small gardens (orize eaaay), 281; some (f the newer, 392; spring planting of, 153; atandflrd, 430 ; for suburban gardens, the best, 100 ; limely hints, March, 130; transplantn'g, 431; on trees, SS ; under glass, 177; various new, 4S0 ; -m walls, training, 153, 164 ; In Watford, 4.30 ; Wedding Bells, 29 ; wpeping, 356 ; wlchutatana froai seed, 367 ; or Japiueae on bank, 429 ; wild, the Kinc! of, 67, SV> ; In wluter. 29 ; work iu May, 251 ; yellow, 330; climbing, 283 Rubua frutic >su8 alba flure-pleuo, 378; odoratuB, 463 Salads, 553 ; summor, 338 : Salsify, 194 ; roota. 575 ' Salvia pttens, 27, 82, 94 ; splendena grandl- ! flora, 146, 515 Salvias for autumn and winter, 194 ; two I good greenhouse, 540 Savoys, heeling In, 570 ; late, 338 Saxifraga aplculata, 175; burserlana, 187 ; macnabiana, 297 Saxifrages, the large-leavod, 250 ; seedling, raising, 249 Scabiosa cauca%ica, 599 ; a new, 378 ■ Scirlet Gum, the, 462 Scblzinthus, 350 Schizestylls. 183 626 Schneider, Mr. George, 438, 574 : Scillas, the, 286 297 School garden, a, 565, i School gardening, 502, 675 ! Scorzonera, 194 I Scotland, fruit cultivation In, 74 Scutellaria mociniann, 255 ' Sea-coast flowers, colour and scent In, 464 ; Seaside gardening, 625 Seakale, 24, 106, 194, 266, 623, 546, 582 ; beds, new, 171 Sea Pink, the, 211 Sedum spectabile, 577 Seed and soil luuculation for leguminous crops, 61S ; sowing, 266. 312 Seeds for the garden, 605; protected by red lead, 199 ; to sow, the earliest, 76 Senecio auriculatlsslmus, 97 ; cUvorum, 664, 614 Shady Dorde'"!', 477 Shallots, 59, 325 ; and Garlic, 82 Shasta D ilsies, 5S2 Shirley Poppies and Sweet Peae, 466 Shortta uniflora, 310 Shrewsbury, prize vegetables at, 414 Shrub, a beautiful flowering, 298 ; early- flowetlng, a beautiful, 2S6 ; greenhouse, a good, 479; a new berried, 541; for shade, a, 463 ; tender, a showy, 64 ; an uncommon, 265 Shrubbery, the half-wild, 356 Shrubby subjects, choice, 409 Shiubs. beds of, 338; choice. 58; cuttings of. 570 ; digging among. 90 ; evergreen, 194; wall, 76; fl mering, 274, 314. 404 ; the best, 30, 43, 64 ; for forcing, 509 ; for small gaidens, 601 ; hardy -flowering deciduous, 35; latt--fl twering, 549; new fl jwering, 176. 541; some useful, 691; sprlng-fl iweMrg, 223, 273; and trees lor dry soils, 247 ; help for, 345 ; which are I he hardiest ? 98, 126, 137, 163, 176, 188, 206, 224. 247, 273, 319 Smil^x, 77 Smoke Plant or Wig Tree, the, 552 Soake-rootE, the, 260 Snapdragons or Antirrhinums, 226 Snowherrief, the, 51 Snowflikes, the, 513 Solanum capsicnatrum, 99 ; crispnm, 295 ; at Mo ireith, 318 ; jasminoides, 653 Solomon's Seal, 94 South African nlant, a rare, 418 Southampton Horticultural ScQool, 366 Sparmannla atricana, 368 Specimens In elementary schools, 138 Spinach. 94, 338 ; in e'»rly. 121 ; Baet, 499 ; New Z-a and, 194, 278, 279; wluter, 398 Spindle Tree, the, 4S0 I Spi'%1 callosa superba, 378 ; Douglasl, ^81 ; gigantea rosea, 418 ; a new, 418 Spl'feiP, spring-tlowerlng, 334 Spring beddirjg, prepin:g fir. 439;! flowers, 185 ; flowering plants, 509 Stars of B thlehem, 566 Stockp, Ten-week, 194 ' Stonecrjp, the J loanese, 577 Sorawbeirif, 35 71. 182, 266, 302, 349, 350, 374, 434, 498, 606 ; alpine, 106 ; for hmattur-i, new, 429 ; lii lace auium i, 492 ; hmuug the, 309 ; autumn-fruItlng, 429 ; forced, 218 ; for forcing, 302, 522 ; perpetual-fruiUug, a note on, 210 ; In pots, 94, 510; protecting, 570; for pre- serving, 325 ; Rjyal Sovereign, flie, 403 ; some good anrts for amateurs, 370 Strawberry, 293 ; beds, 314 ; the ladlan, 393 ; a late, 462 ; plants, maiden, 242 StreaoiBide, plants for, 63 Streptocarpua, 94, 255 Streptosolen Jamesunil, 112. 141, 393 Stuartia Pseudo-Camellia, 364 Summer, preparing for, 221 ; Snowflake In fljwer, 140 Sutton's greenhouse flowers, 122 ; Potato demonstration, 14 Svainsonia galeglfolia, 479 Swanley Horticultural College, 162 Swede, Sutton's G ilden Garden, 4 Sweet Gum, the, 3S1 Sweet Pea Countess Spencer, 14 ; flowers, early, 273 ; growing in old oil-casks, 543 ; Hele'i Le^is, 1S6, 222, 24G ; Hor^cb Wright, 550 ; new, St,. George, 566 ; trials, Megsrs. J K. King and Sons', 378 Sweet Peas, 34, 134, 171, 344, 367, 558; and annual flowers, b irders of, 39 ; from autumn-sown seed, 344, 415 ; the beat, 97; early. 294, 296 318; for exhibition, 62; the best, 27; au exhibitor's, 438; fourteen years ago, 113 ; how to grow (prize essay), 173 ; In Mciy, 266 ; the new, 525 ; new, Hditsn L?wls and Audrey Crier, 155; new, bow they shnuid be grown, 54; remarkable, 391. 427; and Shirley Popples, 466; tall. 451, 502; too-much- alike, 433 ; tall, 478 ; well-grown, 491 Sweet Rjcket, the, 271, 294, 306; Sweet-scented plants, some, 16, 40 Sydney Bjtanic Gardeu", 174 Symphorlcarpus, 51 Syrlnga pekinensls, 359 TacBonla von VolxeratI, 422 Timarix tetrandrd, 359 Temple Show, the, 262 Thorn, a late-flowerlug, 344 Tnyraacanthus rutllane, 338 Tiger Flower, the, 481 TlUandslas, 441 Tobacco, London-grown, 478 ; plant In Cornwall, Sanders', 39 ; for bedding, 175 Tomato Carter's Sunrise, 239 ; Cifcide,458 Tomatoes, 35, 70, 82, 134, 183, 302, 398, 434, 458, 558 ; iu cold frames, 254 ; for e^rly fruiting, 4; outside, 374; aalad, 326; under glass and outdoors, 238 Tree, a remarkable, 506 ; best, for a shady place, 612 Trees, pigmy, 210 Trees and ahruos, 546 ; berry-bearine, 611 ; for any soils, 247 ; help for, 345 ; In winter, 34, 613 ; ornamental, 638 ; plant- ing, 602 ; pruning of, 305 ; ani soil, 90 Trlcuspidarlas, the, 43 Trltomas, 194 Tropseolums, 61, 295 Tutjera and roots, flower, storing, 477 Tubs, plantain, 402 Tulip disease, the, 122, 191, 231 ; Keizer- kroon, 235 ; a seedling, 284 ; Tree, 373 Tullpa kai.fmannlana, 199 Tulipa, 325 ; cottage, 537, 585 ; at Ditton, 289 ; from IrelaLd, 274 ; late-flowering, 513 ; May-flowering, 246 ; unusually flue, 234, 258. 270. 282 ; Wallace's late, 277 Tupelo, the, 344 Tuif on lawns, 128 Turnip, early, Sutton's White Gem, 146 Turnips, 279, 302, 338, 350, 398, 434 U. Ugly places, the veiling of, 365 Vacant land, beautifying, 538 Vdccinlum ovatum, 404 ; pennsylvanicum, 404 Vale of Evesham, spring in the, 222 Vegetable Marrow, curious, 503 Vegetable, winter, a useful, 4 Vegetables, forcing. 22 ; storing, 59 Veratrum album, 553 Verbena Miss WiUmott, 175 Verbenas from seed, 151 Veronica gentlanoides, 393 Veronicas, 458 Versailles, tbe gardens of, 126 Viournum macrocephalum, 142; ihytido- pbyllum, 541 Viburnums, 319 ; the best, 163 Vines, 106, 146. 266, 290, 410, 458 ; BUck. Himburgh. 46; eaily, in nurJcia, .594; f ir early forcing, 546 ; into growLb, starting, 58; later, 594; pot, 325; for forcing, 398; pruning and cleaning, 546 ; young, 218 Vine borders, new, 22 ; shoots, stopping and tying, 231 Vineries, 458 ; succession, 326 Vinery, early, 326 Villas, 446 ; ijeiioing, In Glasgow, 390 Violet Cress, the, 111 Violet, tbe yellow -flowered, 123 Violets, 207, '423 446; two beautiful, 69; D )g's-tooth, 274 ; In frames. 194, 263. 282; for fram-s, 349; from Cornwall, 607; In pots, 14, 141; " pruLlng," 466; Bummer treatment of, 51 ; sweet, 2, 401 white, 95; Iu winter, 1, 11. 37 Virginian Creeper, a new, 516 Walks and drives, grass, 558 Wall garden, a beautiful, 131 ; gardening, 395 ; plants at Sandrlngbam, 332 Wa.ls, our, 49 Wallflower for late autumn, a, 514 Wallflowers, 231 Walnuts, 493 Waap-ca'cbing extraordinary, 84 Waipp, 446 ; nests, 132 ; destroying, 451 ; queen, 284 Watercress, 534 Water gardening and Water Lilies, 202 Water Lilies, more about, 243 ; aud water gardening, 202 Waterside gardening (prize essay), 391 " Weather, observing and forecastiug the : Meteorology without instruments," 574 White garden, a, 543 Wild flowers, 390; *' of the British Islea," 362; garden in Ireland, a, 371 Wiudflower, the blue winter, 554 WIneberry, Japanese, 458 Winter Coerry, the, 99 Winter - flowering plants, bright, 663 fragrant, 51 ; three go^d, 99 Winter Sweet, the, 95, 102 Winter, sweet-scented plants for, 40 Wiataria raultij'iga, 265 ; alba, 494, 694 Witch Hflzels, 94 Woburn Experimental Fruit Farm, 126 Woodland garden in spring of 1907, 308 Woodruflf, Sweet, 587 X. Xanthoceraa aorblfolia, 298 Yellow stripe disease In Daffodils, 11, 402 Yew hedge, management of a, 328 ; tree removing a large, 475 Yews, golden, 423 Yucca fllamentosa, 552 ; glorlosa, 539 Zephyr Fiower, the, 38. 62 Zephyrantbea, 515 ILLUSTRATIONS. Abutllon Savitzi, 580 Acanthua mollis lattfollus, the noble, 42 Aucuba cuttings, 104, 105 -K ,hionema granditloia, 235 Alpine plants and shrubs in a wall, 395 Alyssumsaxatile under shrubs, 587 Ampelopsls Lowi, 516 Amphicome Emodi, 355 Aochuaa Itallca Dropmore variety, 380 Androaace aarmentosa, 322 Anemone blanda, 178 ; the Japanese, 471 Pulsatilla alba, 530 Anemones, Chrysamhemum flowered, 297 Poppy, 155 Angire^um sesqulpedale, 612 Annual fljwers, border of, at Forde Abbey, Chard, 39 ; design for a garden of, 60 AntirrhiuuEp Fire King ^coloured supple- ment) Apple Alllngton Pippin, 521 ; Braroley's Seedllcg, 520 ; Ctxa Orange Pippin, 521 ; King of T,he Pippins, 521 ; Lane's Prince Albert, 620; tree, Laxr.on's stem-fruiting standard, 496 ; on Pai adlae stock, typical bush, 542 ; St. Elmu- d's Pippin, 521 Arable, cuttings of, 300 ; double white, 300; and Tulip'', 307 Arachnanthe rohaniana, 531 Arctotls decurrens, 261 Artillery Plant, the, 216 Arum Lilies at Sturton Vicarage, 236 Arum paheatinum, 102 Asparagus, fasciated growth of, 479 Aipidlatrn, niece of an old plant of, 32 Auricula", 240; p.-optgatin?, 241 Autumn flower?, a I order of, 432 B. B imboo, a graceful, 202 B imboos, one of the larger-leaved. 201 vni. INDEX. ['*The Garden" December ^S, 1907 Begubitt Gloirede Lurr>ilup, 227 Begonias potted up, 532; tuDerou*, pi c«"l on soil In a box to be started Intogrowih, 15S; tuberous, 180, ISl ; wlnter-fl j«eriii^: (coloured supplement) Bellfluwer, a beautiful, 418 BeibsrlsWiUocaj, 511 Blue Gum Tree lu a Barkahire garden, IS Briar Blocks, 5 Broona, the pink, of New Zealand, 428 Broom Rape grortiog on Ivy. 529 Bulbs after fl jwerirg, 2SS, 2S9 ; grown in mnas and shell fijre, 420, 421 C. 252. 253; in puis. the Peach- with PhVi 2-S7 237 Cacti, one of the hardv, 415 Cactus, the Old Man. 228; ihe Thim'jle 228 ; the Fish-hook, 228 Calceolaria cuttings, 457 Calceolarias, 456 Campanula latifolia, 41S ; leaved, 872 Campanulas, 557 Canna lifted i•^T storing, 509 Cionas, IGS, l(_i9 Candytuft, white, a bed of, . Newry Seedling (p^le blu^-), at Kew, Carnation layer, rooted, 533 Garnxtions Aurora and Mrs. H B irnetf (coloured supplement); layering, 3S4, 9S5 Cattleya Iris His Majeaty, 4S1 Cerastium arvense in a rock garden, 504 Cherry Frogmore Bigarreau in a po , 383 ; tree (150 years old) at Amersham, 274 Chrysanthemum cuttings, S, 9 ; F^ ■ Japonaise, flowers of the beautiful white, is ; Kathleen Thompson, well- grown bush plant of, 52 ; oroatum, 52 C If] aanthemuois, a group of, grown by an amateur, 015; early-floweriug, cui.tings of, 205 ; new annual. Morning and Evening Sf.ar (coloured supplement) Ctstusee, h group of, 455 Clarkia, 470 Clematis grata, 506; Jackm^ni. White Jackmani against post, 405 Coleus cuttings rooted in sand alone Corner of a small garden, 209 "Corona" flower-displayer, 527 Cosmos bipinnatus in Somerset, 575 Cotton Thistle, the, 12 feet high, 454 C jwslip Bush, the, 15 Crinum capense in the winter garden of the Hotel Mont Dore, Bournemouth, 379 ; Moorei, germination of seed of, S7 Crocus Sir Waiter Scott in pot, S2 ; speciosua albns, 013 Crocuses, drifts of. in a London p«k, 19n ; grown in bowls filled with moss fibre, 403 ; spring, in cold frame, 223 Cyclamen, a new fimbriated, 654 Cyprlpedium californicuro, 311 ; tautzi- anum nigricans, 89 Cynripediums, a group of hardy, in Mr, fleinrich's garden in Bavaria, 347 500 , 127 New well- Fieeaias 'gruAu fiom seed, pot, 397 Friar Park, view in the rock garden, 6 KritiUary, Snake's-head, 220 Fuchsia cuttings 433 ; lifted from the fljwer garden for the winter, 400 Fuchsias, 432 ; propagating, IIS, 119 ; one of the new hybrid, var. Coralle, 453 Funkia, 459 G. GiUntbua I nperatl var., 249 Gentianella, 275 Geranium cuttings, 40S, 459 ; In boxes, 532 ; wioter-flowerlng, Captain Holford, 117 Geraniums, 204 ; cuttings of, 80, 81 ; har^iy, one of the, 167 ; winter-fl twerinir, 116 Gladioli, early-flowerlog (coloured supple- inent) Globe Flowers, a mass of, 310 Gooseberry cutting", 568 Gourds, ornamenta), 337 Grapes, a " baby" basket of, 64, 65 fiuelder Rose, s, 319: the Japanesp, one of the rarer, 142 163 Di^cecia polifolia, 442 Diflfidils, the Birr Cup, at 'he Zealand Show, 3; in fi^re, 445; rooted, 557 Dahlia cuttings, 133; roots, 132, 533 Dahlias, new varieties of quilled (coloured si'j'phnaent) Diisies, double white, 300 Daphne blagayana at Friar Park. 7, 247 Daturas in Mlas Ewart's garden, Delphinium sulphureum, 2S5 Dendrobium nobile. 142 Dlsa granritflora, 427 Dracffina Bruanti, 544 Dracaenas, repotting, 44, 45 K. 77 Echeverias, 508 Edelweiss, a variety of the, 130 Eremuri in the garden at Scampton, 368 Eremurus robuslua in the garden of Mr. Louis Tillett, Old Catton, Norwich, 367 E-ica Veltchii, 101 Eucalyptus coccifera in a garden in I -eland, 591; flcifoUa, 441 ; globulus, IS F. Fern, a beautiful new, 576 ; leaflet of bulb- bearing, 21 ; Maidenhair, in winter and spring, 21 ; part of rootstock of a, 20 Ferns, seedling, 20 Fig Bourjasotte Grise, 333 ; an Indian, thit bears handsome red blooms, 229 Flower-pots, ISl Forget-me-not, the Naw Zealand, 143 Foxgloves and R xkets. 371 Freetia Chapmanii, 165 N, \ irclasus time In Miss Willmott's garden, 627 Nephrnkpls s'lperb'ssim", 576 Nerine F. D. Goimar, 564 Nymphae i Livdtkert rosea prolifcra (coloured supplement) Oiontloda Bradshai^fe, 55 Oooima b\ )o-roseum, 322 Orange, the 0:aheite, GS Orchid, a beautiful now, 4S1 ; a he'^u*:- ful, from the coUecii -n of M. Lindiii, Bruasel", 29; an e vlly-gi-o^u, 206; a new, 345 ; a new hyi rl I, 55 ; a remark- able, 531 ; the Table Moantaln, 427 P. ■supple- H. H ilf-hardy plants, seedUuga of, 276 Early flower, a beautiful, 235 He ith garden at Kew, in the, 263 death, Irish, 442 Heliotrope and cuttings, 92 ; cuttings, Hellebore, white, by streamsidf, 63 Hepaticas, pink, white and blue, 17$ Hdrmannia candicans, 15 Hoeing, 277 H >nyhock, the Fig-leaved, 394 H jUyhocks in a Norfolk garddo, 517 Hyacinth with four spike?, 204 Hydrangea, 34S, 552 lodiambber Plant, cuttings of, 32; inserted in pots, 33 lonopsidium acaule, 90 Iris, the Flag, in a town garden, 56; paracina, the new, 431 : reticuUta, 120 ; sibirica Snow Queen, 321 ; tiu^itana, 404 Irises, bulbous (colo2ire-d supplement) ; Spanish, among Roses, 443 Jacobinia chrysostephans, 563 Jaamiuum primulinum (coloured supple- inent). K. Kilanchce Dyeri, 129 Kniphofia, 111 ; S lUnderali, 492 Lady's Slipper, the Cilif jroi^n, 311 Lfelio-Cattleya Andromeda (coloured sup- plement) Lirkspur, the rose-coloured, 470 Larkspurs aad Roses In a rectory garden, 565 Lavender hedge, dwarf, in a Surrey garden, 91 Lawn mower", 156, 157 Leaf-curl fungus, ISS Leucojum icjtlvum, 518 ; vernum, 518 Lilac, white, a bu9h of, 286 Lilies, white, and oth«r hardy flowers, 495 Lillum auratum in a New Zsaiand garden, 395 ; with thirty-eight blooms, 515 ; with 106 blooms, 550 ; giganteum at Bink House, Weltingborougb, 439; loEg fl -rum in Walmsca'-e Girdens, Lines, 495 ; sulphureum, 52s ; teataceum, 519; washingtonianum, from seed, 139 Lily bulbs, 508; bulbs, showi-^g how to plant, 569 ; the Madonna, 466 ; the Nankeei', 519; the Plantain, 409; the Scarborouerh, 544 ; Trumpet, bulbs of, 57 Lily of the Valley, 75, 5S1 Lupines, annual, 265, 271, "331 Ffe^ny Christine Shand (coloured mijnt) pLimpas Grass in a garden in Anglesea, 575 Pans, garden, 313 Pansy, Tufted, Cream King, 273 Pansies and Rjses, 335; Tufted, among Rjse?, 272 ; propagation of, 336 Pdsque Fiower, the White, 530 Pasque Flowers among Ivy and Ferns, 215 Pd , new early, Laxtouiiu, 510 Peaches damaged by earwigs, 451 PearBjurie Superfin f jr November, 578; Blickling, 54; Dojeane du Cornice, 259, 579 ; Glou Moreeau for Ddcemoer, 577 ; Mirgnerite Marillat ai a cordou tree, 551 ; Marie Louise, 579 ; Thomp- son's, the beat-flowered, 578; tree, pyramid, a well-fruited, 4s3 Pdotstemona, 4S4 ; cuttings of, 485 Pergola, flowers in a ston ^ path bensatb. 131 ; a newly-madp, 309; of Roses anu other climber?, 567 Philadelphus Lemoioei, 359 Pnlox, Mossy, Seraph, 239 Pine, ihe Japanese Umbrella in a Donegal garden, 176 ; Norfolk Island, 545 Pink?, Mu3?, 166 ; propagation of, 337 Plant, a beautiful yet neglected, 355 Plum Coe's Golden Drop {coloured supple- ment) ; E irly Transparent G^ige, 343 Polyanthus and Primroses, 264 Pjlyfto lumbaldschuanicum, 19; sericeuro, 103 Poppies, bed of Iceland, at Htwlck, 590 Potato, a curiou3ly-3hap3d, 599 Prickly Pear or Indian Fig, the, 229 Primrose, an Alpine, 179 ; double-whit'-, in a shidy corner, 41; pUnts, propa- gating, 265 Primrose?, ounch (cvloi'red supplement) ; by pathside, 115 ; and Poiyauihusee, 264 Pfiujul", Suttun'a ne*', " The Czar ' (coloured suppleuient) ; frondosa in an Irish garden, a group of, 323 Prlmul 1--, Chines*', a group uf well-grow.', 99; Chinese, 141 Pceris serrulata, 545 Parley, a hlil-iup garden tt, 469 Pyrus M ilus flonbuoda, 31 Quince, Jipanes", 262 M. Masters, Dr. Maxwell T., F.R.S , 282 *' Matterhorn," view of the, in Mr. Frmk Crisp's garden at Henley-on-Thames, 505 Meconopsls WalHchf, 626 Mepembryanthemum edule, 6oO Michaelmas Daisy, new, X >rHh Peters, 503 Michauxla Tchiharcbf fii, 625 Mlltoiiia chelaieiisi-i aupfrha, 34S Milkwni bretia Prometh-jus (coloured supple- ment) Myosoiidlum nobile, 143 Rose, climbing, Leuchtstem, 361; Hybrid Tea Mme. Abel Chateney, 370 ; Mme. Julea Gravereaux, 212 ; Hybrid Tea Mrs. Peter Blair (coloured supptcmetit) : the Mnak, over Fir, 251; Psyche, 566 ; dwarf Polyantha Phyllis (coloured supplement) ; rambler Ruga, 360 ; Reine Marie Henriette, 152 ; Hybrid Tea Richmond (coloured supple uxent) ; Richmond, new crimson forcing, 154 ; shoot and leaves attacked by grubs, 283; a standard, 430; Ulrich Brunner, 601 ; Una, 465 ; Hybrid Tea Warrior (coloured supplement) ; a weeping stand- ard, 407 R isee,buddlng,324,325; Bennett's Seedling and Dundee Rim bier covering iron fence, 603; and Irises, May flowering, 463; the King of Wild in Madeira, 67 ; and Lark- spurs, 565 ; Messrs. Frank Cmt's exhibit of, at a summer show, 473 ; and other climbers on pergola, 407 ; and Pansies, 335 ; a pergola of, at Kew, 346 ; a p lie smothered In, 607 ; pruning, 144, 145 ; wlchuraiana, weeping standards of, 357 Saxifraga burserlana in rock garden, 187 ; ligulata apeciosa, 250 : oppositifoll", 179 Saxifraga?, one of the large leaved. 250 School garden at Holmwood, a, 565 Sea Pinks In a garden in North Wales, 211 Selaglnella, a charming variegated, 217 ; a cutting with roots, 217 Seedlings In pots, 193 ; pricked off, 192 ; of various sores, thinning, 313 Senecio cUvorum. 614 Shortia galaclfolia, 7 ; uniflors, 310 Shrub, hardy, a new, 541 Shrubbery, in the half wild, 356 Smoke or Wig tree, group of the, 552 Snowdrop, a seedling, 247 Snonflike, Spring, 518; Summer, 518 Soapwort, annual, in a narrow burder, 78 Spiia? V gigantea rosea, the new, 419 ; Van Houttei, a bush of, 334 Squill, the white Siberian, 179 Stuck, night scented, bordering of, 79 Strawberry plant with ruaners, 373 ; R >yal Sovereign, 403 Strawberries, mulched, 277 Streptocarpus, 313 Sunflower 13 feec high, 189 Sweet Paa, new, St. George (roloured supplement) Sweet Peas growing in a cask, 543 ; Helen Lewis and Miss Audrey Crier {coloured supplement); new (c'duured supplement); nearly 10 feet high, 391 ; 10 feeo high in j Mr. Hirtland's nursery, A'd-Calrn, Cork, 113; over 10 fee'^ hfg'>, 491; ! 11 feet high, 491 i S *eet Woodruff. 5SS T. Tamarisk, a beautiful, 358 Tomato Carter's Sunrise, 238 Tomatoes, one of the m.»3t f »mou9, 238 Torch Lilies or Flam-j Fio*e-s, 492 Trees, spring-flowering, uue if the Dest for a small garden, 31 Trollius europeeus, 310 Tnllpa kaufmanniiua, 199 Tulips in flbre, 444 ; laie (coloured supple- ment) ; Virellina, P irisitn Wnite and Picotee (coloured supplemeiit) Raspberries, 276 Rhododendron p ascox in March, 151 Rh)dodendronp, grouping of, 43 Rhus cotlnus, 552 Rice by watersliie, the Iidiin, 191 Rockfuils, one of vhe, 178 Rock garden, one year old, 417 ; two good plants for the, 322 R (sa gigantea. 67 ; Hu^ >nii a*"- K-- v, 295 ; Isevlgatp, 225; uoi4etLiaaa, 335; virgiu - ana, fruits ol, 493 Rise, the Anemone, 406 ; B by Dorothy (coloui-ed plate), 590 : Bennett's Seedlintr, 369; Btuah Rimoler on an arch, 416; bu^h, a badly-formed, 153 ; of good form, 153; Caroline Testout, the first week in Ojtoter, standards of, 497 ; Cherukeo, 1 he beautiful white, in a greenhouse, 225; Claire Jicquler covering house wall Iq Cape Town, 30 ; Conrad F. Meyer, 452 ; cuttings, 396, 397, 471 ; D3an Hole, 214; Exquisite, 349; Electra grown as a bush, 3S1 ; climbing evergreen, Ftlicite Perp6 ue, 467 ; growing over old Apple tree, 603 ; climbing, Flora, 361 ; Frau Karl Druschki, 213; a free-growing, 407; Gardenia, 346; climbing, H61eie, 203; new Tea Hugo Roller, 393 ; new Hybrid Tea Joseph Lowe, 3S2 ; an old garden, Lady Emily Peel, 555 ; new Tea Lady Muriel Bathurst, 464 V-getablea at the Shrewsbury s'low, 474 VjUch, James Herbert. F.L.A., 562 V'eratrum album, ctrE.\RR''crr 'DAFFODILS .SHOWN BY MR. ,1. W, TIBBS, M.A., AT THE NEW ZEALAND SHOW, .AUGUST 3I, I9 THE GAEDEN. [January 5, 1907. recommend is the pink Crucianella stylosa, which continues long in bloom if clipped shoi't after one florescence is past its best. A bod surrounded with a line of Aubrietia and an inner line of Crucianella would be pleasing from March to September. The duplicating of the edging is sure to give a pretty effect. The second line should, of course, be of "the same plant as the first line, and placed 1 foot or less distant from it, tlie inner space being filled by anotlier dwarf subject to bloom at a different season. Thus, Aubrietia Leichtlini might form two cheerful bands in early spring, and when their beauty is over flowers could be had from an inner band of white Pinks, the foliage of which would have served first to show up the Aubrietia colouring. Double red and white Daisies are always charming, the modern sorts being ver3' fine, but they require dividing and thinning out at least every other year. They look well, I find, behind a single plant row of the popular London Pride, which, if kept from spreading too much, is indeed one of the best edgings for beds or borders, being as valuable in shade as in sunshine. Of all dwarf Campanulas I regard C. nitida alba as the prettiest for this purpose ; it thrives in most localities, and prefers partial shade. The flower Is white, the height 6 inches, but the robust, dark, glossy leaves form a good part of its merits. The blue "C. pusilla, too frail in foliage to be useful as an outer edge, looks lovely in a Une behind C. nitida alba. Cerastium tomentosum and C. Biebersteinii are best used onlj* in dry, sunny places, as the closely-packed woolly white stems and foliage are apt to deca}- and become a slimj- mass in damp, shaded spots. There is an Erigeron suitable for edging, as it does not exceed 6 inches in lieight ; this is E. glandulosus, a mauve-coloured flower, which blooms from early June to September. E. maci-anthus is yet smaller, but its colour is variable, being some- times deeper purple, at others a washed-out lavender, so its effect is not to be relied upon. Thymus Serpyllum fol. aureis variegatis is a 3-inch golden Thyme that gives an especially prettj- appearance as an edge to a bed of purple flowers, such as violet Verbenas, Stocks, or Asters. For a rare plant about 9 inches high, to edge in front of tall subjects, Veronica orientalis should be tried ; its colour is a delicate flesh, and masses of this against such plants as white Asters, Marguerites, or Nieotianas look beautiful. E. J. Dunham. M THE FRUIT GARDEN. SOME APPLES OF RECENT INTRODUCTION. 0 S T of the new Apples raised in tliis country are submitted to the fruit committee of the Royal Horticultural Society for their inspection and report. I am nuich afraid that tlie result is often dis- appointing and discouraging to the raisers, so many being passed over as having no particular merit, and so few obtaining the coveted awards. After all, when one comes to consider the enormous number of excellent varieties we already possess, both dessert and culinary, early, mid- season and late, the wonder is that anj- new Apple possesses sufficient merit in tlie section to which it belongs to entitle it to be considered of equal, if not in some respects superior, to ap- proved varieties already in existence. Such distinction, more or less, the following varieties have been honoured with. AxLiNGTOK Pippin. — This is not a very new- Apple, and it cannot be said that its merits are not well known. I should not have included it onl}' for the reason that I consider it one of the most valuable Apples we possess, and its merits cannot be too widely known. The flavour, although good, does not come up to Cox's Orange Pippin, as it was said to do. It seldom or never fails to produce a crop, and I do not know of anotlier Apple that bears a heavier crop. Those contem- plating growing Apples for market should plant this dessert variety largely, which is in season from November to February. First-class certificate. James Grieve is no longer an infant, but a sturdj' Scotch youth, and growing stronger every daj- in the estimation of the Apple public. I had the pleasure of planting several trees of this variety when it was first sent out, and very highly satisfied I was -nith the result. Like AUington Pippin, it is notorious for heavy cropping in a yoimg state — every branch, unless the fruit is thinned, being heavily loaded. The fruit is of good size, golden cream colour, and the flavour splendid. It should be in every garden ; dessert variety, in season from SeptemVier to November. Award of merit. Charles Ross. — Named after its raiser, a gardener whose name will be handed down to posterity as having done as much if not more to raise improved varieties of Apples than any pomologist of recent times. This variety is a cross between Cox's Orange Pippin and Peasgood's Nonesuch. It is of large size and one of the handsomest of all British Apples. As regards flavour, it has not maintained its early promise of being in the first rank. It is classed as a dessert and also as a culinary Apple. In season from October to December. First-class certificate. Paroquet. — A very prolific and remarkably high-coloured variety, said to have a great future before it as a market Apple. Culinary. In season from October to January. Award of merit. Rival. — This is an attractive Apple, its colour being bright gold and scarlet, and the flavour brisk and refreshing. It is classed as dessert or cooking. In season from December to February. Award of merit. Christmas Pearmain. — Although this Apple has received (as far as I know) no special recogni- tion from any society, my experience of it at the Roj'al Gardens leads me to the conclusion that it will prove one of the best market Apples of recent introduction. A true Pearmain in shape, of good size, very rich colouring, and equal to AUington Pippin in cropping qualities, a most desirable Apple. Dessert. lii season fi'om November to Januar}-. BouNTLFUL. — This is a Herefordshire cooking Apple of great promise. It is a consistent and heavy bearer, and in season in November and December. Award of merit. Edward VII. — A Worcestershire Apple, first brought to public notice by Mr. Crump of Madresfield, no mean authority on the Apple. It is of great size, remarkablj- free bearing, and undoubtedl_v a good late keeping Apple. In season from January to April. Award of merit. (iABalva. — This is of a distinct spicy flavour, and to those who like a spicy Apple, either for dessert or cooking, it may be recommended. In season from January to March. Award of merit. King's Acre PipptN. — As its name implies, this is another Herefordshire Apple, and from all I hear of it, it is likely to forge its way to public favour by its intrinsic merit, and to rank as one of our best-flavoured late dessert varieties. In season from January to April. Award of merit. The Houblon.— a dessert variety of great promise, raised from Cox's Orange Pippin. It has been exhibited freely by Mr. Ross, and has on many occasions helped to win him manj' first prizes in classes for dessert Apples. Ripe from December to February. Award of merit. Hamblings. — A late cooking Apple of great excellence. Said to succeed well in cold districts, but not to bear well until the trees are a few years old. In .season from December to April. First-class certificate. Owen Thomas. THE KITCHEN GARDEN. C TOMATOES FOR EARLY FRUITING. HEMIN R0U(;E is a good variety for early fruiting. Our plants raised from seed sown in pots in November are now growing gently near the glass hi a house the temperature of which ranges from .57" to 60°. Very little water is given ; only just sufficient to keep the soil and roots moist. In this position they will remain for some time : but as soon as the days begin to lengthen and the sun becomes more powerful they will be shifted into 4J-inch pots, using a rather sandy compost, warmed before use. It is most important not to over-pot during this period, but repot at intervals as soon as the growth is more active. From 4J-inch I pot into 7-inch pots, and finally into those of 12 inches diameter for fruiting. The plants should at all times be placed sufficiently far apart to prevent a weak growth. Sunlight and dry warmth are what they need. At the final potting a richer and heavier compost is used. When potting make the soil firm about the roots, and this with good feeding and top-dressing when fruiting will be the means of producing heavy crops of good fruits. Another sowing is usually made in the middle of January as a succession. Wrotham Park. Baniet. H. Mabkham. A USEFUL WINTER VEGETABLE. Partaking of dinner with a gardening friend a. short time since I observed on the table a rather unusual dish of vegetables. I was asked to taste it, and found it uncommonly good, so good that I afterwards invited nu'self to do the same, and between us the dish was soon emptied of its golden contents. It proved to be Sutton's Golden Garden Swede. The cooking may have had something to do with its excellence, and the rich colouring may have been partly owing to the use of rich cream. It is as hardy as the field Swede, but has none of its strong flavour. I would ad\-ise everyone possessing a garden to include this in his or her seed order next spring. For a winter supply the seeds should be sowni about the middle of June, and the roots may be stored for winter and spring supply in clamps out of doors, or in cellars, or any out-of- the-way places. Owen Thomas. THE ROSE GARDEN. BRIAR STOCKS AND THEIR PRE- PARATION FOR PLANTING. S an old rosarian I read tlie essay on "Budding'' (see The G.^rden, Sep- tember'29. page 149) with a good deal of interest, as it is a somewhat diffi- cult suliject to describe in writing. With the essay I have no fault to find, Viut it appears to me thit the author takes a good deal of knowledge of stocks for granted, which. I must say, I do not find the average young rosarian in possession of, to judge from the questions I am often called upon to answer. I. therefore, ven- ture to send a few notes on the subject. By "stocks" I mean the common, or hedge Briar, the "jolly Dog Rose," as the late Dean Hole styled it. ^ I am sorry to find that the supply of these, in this neighbourhood at any rate (Berkshire), is getting short, and the stocks when the Briarman brings them in are rougher and need more preparation than used to be the case. Unless, therefore, a good system of pruning is adopted, the grower is la3ing up for himself no end of trouble in the shape of suckers and weakly growth. I have endeavoured in the accompanying photographs to show, "A" the stock as it arrives. In this case very little has to be done, as it is a good young stock, with January 5, 1907.] THE GARDEN. A. — STOCK AS IT ABRIVES^ -ROUGH STOCK. C. — PREPARED STOCK. -STOCK THE FOLLOWINO SEASON. fibrous roots. " B " shows another sort of stock, one which, if planted as it is. will give no enrl of future trouble. If the rough stem or root is left as it is, and the knobs, really dormant buds, are not cut off, the growth at the top where we want the strength will be weak, and a crop of suckers will spring up at the base. "C" shows a similar stock after treatment, and it presents a verj- forlorn appearance. But given a favourable season, and you have "' D," which exhibits a plentiful crop of roots, all ready to do their best for the future Rose. Now as to planting the stocks. Do not plant too deepl}', as this is another source of suckers, but rather go to the trouble of putting a stake at each end of the rows, and a wire, or stout string, to keep them upright, and a mulching will keep the roots going. This caution is, I find, neces- sary, as so many small growers bud their Roses where they are to remain. Next comes the care of the stock when the shoots appear. Many writers — and I see your essayist is no exception — advise that all shoots should be rubbed off except the three top ones. This is all very well when the Briar is well rooted ; but we must remember that we have to form the roots as well as the top growth, and if you do not, to a certain extent, let them have their fling, you cannot expect a good lot of roots. It is not, of course, necessary to let all the shoots grow to any great extent ; but whatever happens do not cheek the top shoots on which the buds are to be placed. It seems a fixed idea with .some people to shorten the ■ shoots " " to put all the strength into the bud." In my opinion, no greater mistake can be made, as it checks the growth of the Briar, and the buds, if they do grow, are but feeble folk, compared with those which are placed in well-grown branches. Here I may point out a fault, which is that of insert- ing the bud, perhaps an inch from the main stem. This is apt to lead to the bud blowing out, and also to there being room for a sucker to grow between the bud and stock. A properly-placed bud should in a short time grow over the top of the stem if the latter be .young and growing, and cut nicely back when tlie bud and stock are in fullest growth — say at beginning of July. Failures will occur in the best regulated gardens, and if there is no time to insert a fresh bud, and stocks are scarce, the best thing is to let the stock grow, lift in the aiitumn, if desirable, trim the roots, and try again. I have lately been in the habit of keeping a few last year unbudded shoots, as I find that thej' come in useful to bud early sorts of Roses on, such as new varieties, pot plants, &e. I hope that these few hints will prove of value to some young Rose-growers, and will conclude with an oft-told tale of mine, viz., the " Briar- man's Donkey," which carries a moral of its own. This intelligent beast was left outside the garden, while his master was having his bundles of stocks counted and sorted inside. When we returned to the donkey we found him contem- plating the stump of a two year old Dundee Rambler. He had eaten it to the ground, and was waiting for more ! That Rose started away the next spring, and very soon covered the end of the Vinery it was trained to. John T. Strange. Frilands, Sulhmmtead. ' ' take " so firm a hold of the stock as an ordinary bud does. We readily grant that if budding be carelessly performed there is considerable mortality, but in the hands of an expert there is no comparison between the two systems. On the Continent it is the practice to propagate Roses in such huge quantities that good buds are not always available, and then, of course, bud-gi-afting would be valuable, because if the graft be ever so tiny, pro^^ding it is ripe, it would be sure to I grow. But we have had excellent results in I budding these small-wooded Roses by simply cutting the bud very thin and inserting this without taking out the wood. By careful atten- tion in pulling out the wood of an ordinary bud so that the germ is uninjured, by using a proper knife so that the inner bark be not cut, and making a careful opening of the bark with a pointed bone handle, the old-fashioned way of budding is much the simplest and best for both the amateur as well as for the professional man. — Ed. ] BUD-GRAFTING OF ROSES. Many of us are always practising budding Roses on the Briar stock during the summer months, but a local newspaper lately (I enclo.se cutting) recommends bud-grafting for Roses instead of budding. Could j'ou tell us more about this ? I mean can this be safely done whenever buds are obtainable, and how deep should the incision into the wood of tlie stock be made to ensure success? H. N. [We should say the writer of the article, of which you send a cutting, has had no practical experience of this way of propagating Roses, or he would not say it could be accomplished more speedily than budding. An expert budder can insert easily 100 buds an hour, and we question if 100 of these bud-grafts could be inserted in two hours. Apart from this, however, there is the utility of the mode to be questioned. In a hot and dry season, when stocks quickly "give up" and the flow of sap is cheeked, it might then be serviceable, but in an ordinary season it can never replace good budding, or why has it not been generally practised in England ? It is no new thing ; Rose growers have long been aware of this special mode of propagation. We adopt something similar when we do winter grafting upon pieces of Briar root. A strong objection to bud -grafting is the tendency of the grafts to blow off during the following summer. They do not THE ALPINE GARDEN AT FRIAR PARK. I N the happy climate — mild and equable — that England enjoys, the alpine flora makes itself as much at home as on its native mountains. It is only the species that belong to the highest altitudes, such as Androsace glacialis and heloetica and Eritrichinm iiaiium, that appear to be unwilling to accept the conditions — those of too damp an atmosphere — that thej' are offered ; although even these are to be seen in perfect health in the gardens of a few of the amateurs of Great Britain, who are determined to make them prosper. I have already written in these pages of the beautiful gardens and cultivation of alpine plants at Warlej' in Essex. On this occasion I wish to draw the attention of the readers of The Garden to an alj^ine garden of great importance and of vast extent which lies out to the sun near Henley, among the cool, wooded banks of the Thames, at beautiful Friar Park, the residence of Mr. F. Crisp. This rock garden is the finest construction of its kind that I have seen in England. It recalls, in its varied views and out- lines, the great rocky masses of the Pennine Alps, THE GARDEN. [January 5, 1907. with a semblance of the bold peak of the Matter- horn in the background, dominating the whole. This great work has been carried out by Mr. Crisp himself, with the intelligent collaboration ■of his head-gardener, Mr. Knowles, without any ■a-ssistance from a professional landscape gardener. Begun about ten years ago, this rock garden has that comes dovra from the heights of the Matter- horn, all represented in the most natural way possible. The stone used is what is known in England as millstone grit. It occurs in great blocks that often measure several yards across. The weight of stone used amounts to over 7,000 tons. It .-rowii into a remarkablv faithful portrayal of comes from Idal, near Bradford. The blocks high alpine landscape. "The picture owes its I comprise many that are roughly square angular perfection to a right comprehension of proportion I and of frowning aspect, faithfully recalling the and of the artistic values of the mountain heights, appearance of those at the base of the Matter- The dimensions of the plant masses are in perfect , hom,althoughthey are of quite another formation, harmony «-ith the nature of the stone and its This alpine garden, covering an area of lines of cleavage, while the scale of the whole four acres, has been made by degrees, and is not composition is admirably proportioned. It is yet complete. Mr. Crisp, from his place of '^ observation, as in one of the cahaiies of the Swiss Alpine Club, corrects the work as it grows under the hand of his artist Knowles. Xo block of stone is finally placed «-ithout having been turned over and over until its form conies into perfect harmony with the rest of the work and its lines agree with what has gone before. The valley, hol- lowed by the cheer- ful-sounding alpine torrent that issues from the foot of the Matterhorn. simu- lates the Valine dt la VUye, or possibly the pleasant Valton- manche to the south of the mountain mass. The water flows in little cas- cades between the rocks and the stony path, crossing the latter several times in the most natural way, and meander- ing prettily about among the rocky masses. The thahreg loses itself at the base of the Matterhorn. which one can pass round to reach the wooded mountain region, representing the Valdotaiuf: forest on the Italian side of the Matterhorn. This forest consists of Pines and other mountain vegeta- tion of severe and sombre aspect. Not long ago as I sat at the foot of this admirable construction, listening to the plaintive murmur of the torrent as it flowed down among the rocks, and, gazing on the carpet of flowers that adorns it from one end of the year to the other, it was difficult to realise that was far away from my native alpine country : that I had put all France and the English Channel behind me and was almost within reach of the vastest city of the world. Herein is perhaps the best praise one can oflfer to this charming alpine garden. It is natural and at the same time artistic, while there is no visible obtrusion of imitation or artifice. Everything about it tells of the great mountain and its floners, of its valleys and its fallen rock masses ; even the pathways reproduce the natural pictorial qualities of those of tlie mountains. The vegetation used in this garden is not entirely confined to the flora of the Alps. It would be difficult and perhaps unnatural in England to confine the range of plants to those of the region represented by Mr. Crisp's work. It was necessary, in order to render it enjoyable throughout the year, to make use of all the mountain plants that do well in the English climate. It is a long list, that of the plants acclimatised at Friar Park. On the occasion of a former \isit, in the spring of 1905, I could not restrain a shout of admiration at the richness and variety of the floral carpet. On my recent \-isit. in the second week of October, I counted more than four hundred species in flower I The azure corollas of Gtntiana renin were open by the side of the delicate sky-blue of Omphalodts Lucilift ; PolenliUa aurea spread its golden bloom next to Rainondia pyrenaica, one tuft of which bore fifteen fine handsome flowers. A large number of Ericaceie, to which the climate seems specially adapted, were in full beauty, as well as Cydamtn eiirop'fiim. which perfumed the air with its many bright blooms, although it is found a difficult plant in many parts of England. The close tufts of Sihiie acaidii, vrith flowers both pink and white, were in full bloom, while on the top level of the plateau next to the mountain Pines (PiiiHs Piimilio) was an enormous tuft of Zattf'chiie'ria caUfornica^ rejoicing in its fiery scarlet. Autumn Crocuses, Colchicums, a large number of Saxifrages and Daphnes (of w hich there are here a whole collection, an unusual and pleasant thing to see) were all flowering happily in the sunshine of this genial autumn, their colours associating with those of the lilac and orange, blue and orange, rose and orange and other coloured flowers of Linaria alpina. W^ole carpets of Vaccinium Jlyrtillus showed off the brightness of the Campanulas (especialh- of the major form of C. muralis) and of the various Helianthemunis. Dianthus in many species were spreading their sweet-scented flowery masses along the edges of the huge blocks, and Accena microphylla, covered with its heads of crimson bristles, gave warm colouring to the mass. AH these tufted plants spread in the most natural way among the blocks of stone, thus perfecting the picture. The smallest of the Primrose species, Andro^ace cariiea. helvetica, pyrenaica^ rillosa, Laugeri, &e. ; Soldaiiella, Cortvsa, Lintxra horealts. the rarest and most t_\i)ically alpine species, as well as corresponding plants of the Himalayas, of the Caucasus, of Xew Zealand, of the Cape, of Xorth and South America, of the Arctic and Antarctic regions ; all bloom and prosper at Friar Park. Genei-a. H. CoRKEVOX. (To be continued. J VIEW IX THE ROCK GARDEN AT FRI.AR P.\KK. HESLEY-ON'-THAMES, RESIDENCE OF MR. FRAXK CRISP. just these qualities of appreciation of scale and proportion that are so rarely seen in such undertakings, however large their extent may be. Here the plants of larger growth are at the base of the rock masses, surrounding the piece of water and near the little chalet that, buried in foliage, gives one of the best points of view of the whole picture. Higher up the plants are of lower growth, and throughout the mountain heights and to the foot of the Matterhorn the size of the plants gradually diminishes until it dwindles to nothing. The carpet of dwarf vege- tation— of Sagina, Draba, Androsace and Azalea procumbens — is gradually lost in the sandj- debris COLOURED PLATE. PLATE 1315. ANNUAL CHRYSANTHEMUMS. A S a bedding and border flower the annual /\ Chrysanthemum well deserves its / % increasing popularity in this country. / \ Considering the range of form and I \ colouringexhibitedby the many varie- ties ( of the three or four known species) which have been produced by gi-owers in recent years, it is well entitled to a prominent place in gardens. As a cut flower it is exceedingly valuable, and for that purpose it is well worth growing extensively. AH are hard}- and may be sown in the open border, where they will come up freely. They like a somewhat warm position in light rich soil, but are not at all particular. As each plant gi'ows to a fair size when it has sufficient room, attention should be given to thinning out the seedlings at an early stage, in order to have them sturdy and robust. January 5, 1907. J THE GARDEN. MiUi_y people.' grow annuals and allow tlieni ,to grow too thickly, with the result that thuy l>ecume a mass of sickly- looking plants of straggling habit, and are disappointing ; whereas if well thinned out early, good bushy plants •are produced, standing up well, and ooyered with large flowers. C. carinalum (C tricolor). — This North African species grows to a height of about 14 feet, and is exceed i ngly variable in cul- tiyation. C. c. var. album is wliite, with an inner yellow- ring _and dark centre, very beautiful': C. c. var. atro- ■•eoccineuni has dark velvety scarlet flowers, with a golden iimer ring and darker centre ; C. c. var. aureum, bright yellow, with a dark centre ; C. c. var. burridgeanum is one of the best, with white flowers ha\ang crim.son and yellow inner rings ; and C. Evening Star is a tine showy hybrid of carinatumxsegetuni, bearing large golden yellow flowers 3 inches to 4 inches in diameter. From the same cross comes Morning Star, with large flowers having white petals shading to yellow, and a large golden centre. Besides these mentioned there are numerous other named varieties quite equal in merit to the above, which are all single- flowered kinds. Of the double varieties there is C. c. var. Dunetti fl. -pi. , with white, golden yellow, purple and scarlet flowers, which make fine border plants, producing large, handsome COLONY OF SHOKTI.\ GAI,.\CIF0LIA IN MR. CRISP S ROCK GAKDEN blooms which last well in a cut state. They are usually sown in open borders where the plants are to flower in April or earlj' in May, and come into flower in August, lasting in full beauty for a considerable time ; or they may be had in flower earlier by sowing the seeds in pans of light rich soil in a pit or frame early in March, and transplanting when all danger from frost is over. Planted out singly in rich soil and in a sunny situation, C. carinatum forms one of the most beautiful annual Composites. C. coronarium (Crown Daisy). — A native of the Mediterranean region, this is a taller-growing, more robust plant than C. carinatum, often reaching a height of 3 feet. It may be sown in the open border at the end of March, and autumn- sown seedlings will often survive the winter in a warm, sheltered situation. Among the taller- growing soi'ts there are double white, double prinu'ose yellow and deep yellow varieties, while the typical plant has single flowers of pale yellow or buff. There is a dwarfer strain in cultivation, in which the plants do not exceed 2 feet in height, among which may be mentioned Golden Queen, with golden yellow flowers; Primrose Queen, prim- rose, with a deeper yellow centre ; and White Pea,rl, snowy white, with a yellow centre. C. multicaiUe is a tine boi-der plant from North Afi-ica, foliage and large bright a golden centre. It is a hardy annual, and may be sown in the open border in April. It is of branching habit, and reaches a height of aliout 2 feet. • 0. mycoiiis, from the Mediterranean region, is a dwarf annual, forming a rosette of leaves close to the groinid, and bears golden yellow flowers singly on stalks about 6 inches long. It is a neat little plant for the front of the border, as the flowers are produced very freely. C seyetimi (jrandiflorum, a large-flowered form of our native Corn Marigold, is a most attractive plant. It is of compact, bushy habit, and is best sown in the autumn. Flowers of the beautiful varieties shown in the accompanying coloured plate were kindly supplied by Messrs. Sutton and Sons, Reading. W. I. with prettily - cut j'ellow flowers, with DAPHNE BL.\(:AVANA AT I'KIAK I'.IKK. THE GARDEN. [January 5, 1907. GARDENING FOR BEGINNERS, SIMPLE HINTS. CHRYSANTHEMUM CUTTINGS. — In the cultivation of tlie Cliry- santhemum a good beginning has more to do with the ultimate .success or failure than is usually acknowledged. The first thing to do, therefore, is to start with good cuttings. A method sometimes ad^'o- cated is to plant out one or two plants of each variety in spring in the open air, cutting the plants down in November, lifting the stools and planting them ill frames close to the glass, the theory being that cuttings from plants that have been highly fed to produce fine blooms are not all that one could wish. However, this is only by the way, for comparatively few growers have the convenience or time to practice this method. How to Olitdin the Gutthvjis. — The plants should be out down after flower- ing, and the " stools " transferred to a oool frame. Remove all long and spindling shoots. Thin out the re- mainder if crowded, to encourage the production of short, sturdy cutting.s. Select whenever possible those which spring from the base of the plant, as shown in illustration No. 1. Stem cut- tings, as figured at No. 2, should only be taken as a last resource, as thej- are CHRYSANTHEMUM CUTTINGS. — I. The best cuttings are those produced at the base of the plant— and not on the stem— as shown in this illustra- tio7i. Some of them wav have roots.) GOOD CUTTINGS. — 3. (Both are short and sturdy, while that on the right has roots already.) liable to produce flower-buds prematurely. When cuttings are to be severed below the surface of the soil an old table-knife should be used, as it soon spoils a budding-knife to employ it for this purpose. Avoid long cuttings (a) or those with a flower-bud in the apex (ft), as showni in illustra- tion No. 4. Sturdy cuttings or suckers 2 inches to ,3 inches in length, as shown at No. .3, are the best. If there is a root or two already on the suckers, as in No. S ('»), they will naturally grow a«ay all the quicker. Make the cut at the base clean, as in illustration No. 3 (a). Inserthuj tht Outtings. — The soil in which to insert the cuttings needs careful preparation. Use a compost of two parts fibrous loam and one part leaf-mould, adding plenty of sand to make it porous. Before using pass it through a half-inch mesh sieve. Ample drainage must be placed in the bottom of the pots. Previous to filling the pots with soil, a layer of the coarse soil which failed to pass through the sieve can be placed over the crocks. Place a layer of fine sand on the surface of the soil bcfoi-e inserting the cuttings. If the plants are to be grown for the production of large flowers, it is better to insert the cuttings singly in pots of 2i inches diameter. When grown for decorative pui-poses, three or four cuttings inserted round the side of the pot will suffice, as shown in Fig. 5 (a). The cuttings should as far as possible be of equal size in a pot, not irregular and over- crowded, as in Fig. 5 (h). It is as well toin.serta few more cuttings than the number actually required, to allow for accidents and the discarding of the weaklings when potting on. Label each pot carefully and well water the cuttings in. Hotr to Root the Ciifting.?. — This is the next eon.sideration. A cold frame is sometimes used, but in this they take a long time to root and are more liable to damp. There is also the difficulty of attending to them diu'ing frost or wet weather. If a long spell of severe weather is experienced it may be impossible to remove the covering from the frame for days together. A port- able propagating frame, or a propa- gating frame placed on a stage near the glass in a greenhouse, will be found very suitable and convenient. A layer of ashes should be placed over the bottom, on which to stand the pots. Look over the cuttings every day, carefully removing any damp leaves and watering when necessary. If the position is a dry one, an occa- sional damping overhead will be bene- ficial. As the cuttings show signs of rooting a little air may be given, gi'aduallj- increasing the quantity till eventualh' the lights may be dispensed with altogether. In another day or two they will be ready for removal, when the}' can be placed on a shelf in a light position to prevent their becoming drawn. Looking Forward. — To the gardener spring seems much nearer in the first week of the new year than in the last week of the old. Now thoughts'of spring flowers are uppermost in one"s mind, and one begins to look forward and to think about garden work that will soon have to be done. Seeds of summer flowers are now ordered, and this in itself is .sufficient to rai.se glad thoughts of brighter da}s. To be successful with gardening one^nnist always be looking foi-ward ; without STEM CUTTINGS. — 2. . (These are uiu^uitable, and should not be used except when, in the case of some particular variety, those from the base are not obtainable.) Jaxuary 5, 1907. J THE GARDEN. GARDENING OF THE WEEK. N^ BAD CUTTIXtiS. — 4. (rAe cutting on the lejt is too long and thin; that on the right has already formed a Jl&wer-bud.) some forethought and previous preparation beds and borders would not give of tlieir best in due season. It ra-Ay he advisable at the present time, when all the year is still before us, to consider what even now may be done in helping towards a successful issue later on. The soil may be rendered more suitable to the growth of plants if it is now dug up and left in the form of ridges. Practi- calh' all the cold weather has j'et to come, and ' the frost acting on the soil thus exposed will cause the large lumps to crumble, rendering the gi'ound friable, and easily broken up with a fork or rake later on when preparing for seed sowing. Early spring is in some ways the most important time of the year to the gardener, for it is then that seeds of many beautiful garden flowers are sowni. Autumn is the best time for planting, generally speaking, although much planting that for some reason or other was unable to be done then may be carried out when the frosty weather is over. February is a good month in which to sow certain seeds out of doors, the Sweet Pea being one of the most important. By sowing in February the plants will give a finer yield of flowers than if sowti, as the seeds generally are, a month later. Winter Work. — Worm -casts on the lawn, and especially on small lawns, are often an eyesore at this time of 3'ear. They should be swept off with a birch broom. It is well to save soot, and to apply it to the lawn any time when a fair quantity has been got together. It is within the means of everyone to save their own soot, and its application to the lawn even now will do good. Generallj' .speaking, it is advisable to keep off the grass as much as possible now. otherwise it may be disfigured and some of the grass de.stro3-ed. The shoots of climbing Roses should be made secure to the posts or arches against which the plants are growing, otherwise in a high wind they might be broken off. The recent heavy fall of snow has made it necessary to see to the safety of the shoots of standard Roses, branches of valuable conifers and other trees. The snow should be gently shaken off' the shoots and branches, other- wise these may be broken or damaged by its weight. FOR THE SOUTH AND SOUTH MIDLANDS. 0 time must be lost in completing the pruning and clean- ing of Vines and Peache]s under glass. Rub off all loose bark and wash the canes with an emul- sion of soft soap and paraffin (jr some approved insecticide. Wash down walls, woodwork and glass ; whitewash the walls with fresh lime, adding to each bucket of wash a good handful of flowers of sulphur. The temperature of vineries and Peach houses already started should be carefully regulated. If Orapes are re- quired for June, a house should now be started into growth, taking care not to have the temperature too high at first, 50° to 55° being ample, in- creasing the temperature to HO" as the buds commence to break and grow. If pot Vines are used they should be plunged in a gentle hot-bed of Oak or Beeeh leaves. Hardy Fruit. All planting should now be completed. As weather permits complete the prun- ing and training of fruit trees. Among wall trees Apricots should have first attention, as the buds will soon be swelling \ip. Overcrowded orchard trees should be thinned out preparatorj'tospra}'ing with caustic wash, (iood healthy trees of poor sorts should be headed down, and may profitably be grafted later on with good sorts, saving scions now of suitable varieties, which should be care- fully labelled and laid under a north wall. Every calm daj' should be taken advantage of for spraying operations ; lib. of caustic soda and 111>. of caustic potash will make ten gallons of liquid. To this add about 'ilb. of soft soap : this makes the wash adhere Ijetter to the branches. The above strength is for Apples and Pears ; for Peaches and Cherries it should be diluted to twelve gallons. This wash (in fact, all insecti- cides) should be mixed in wooden or earthenware vessels. A good Knapsack sprayer is best for garden work ; for orchards and large plantations a larger machine, mounted on a suitable carriage, is necessary. Here we use a 30-gallon barrel mounted on wheels, and fitted with a suitable pump, hose-rods and spraying nozzles. A few 3'ears' systematic spraying with the above wash, followed later on with Bordeaux mixture, does much good. Flower Garden. Roll the paths when the weather permits. Now is a suitable time to make new paths and remake old ones where they require it. Good dry and well-kept paths are most necessary, and no pains should be spared, in the first instance, to make them well, and afterwards to keep them in good condition. The same thing applies to lawns, and no suitable opportunity should be lost of improving them, where thej' require it, either by levelling "where they are uneven, or manuring with sifted soil, soot and wood ashes, where the grass is thin and poor. Wood ashes is an excellent thing for eradicating mo.ss, but it tends to increase the growth of Clover at the expense of the fine grasses. Continue to sweep and roll lawns ^^■hen they are in suitable condition. Kitchen Garden. With the advent of the New Year one must push on work in this department, taking ad- vantage of suitable weather to wheel manure on to vacant quarters, and get all digging and trenching finished as soon as possible, throwing the soil up into ridges, thus exposing a gi'eater surface to the action of the weather. Continue to collect and prepare material for the formation of hot-beds, as they are required for the forcing CCTTINci.S INSERTED IN SMALL POTS. — 5. {Those on the left hand are properly inserted, the cuttings are of the same size and have the other vot the cuttings are of irregular size and are crowded.) plenty oj room : in 10 THE GAEDEN. [January 5, 1907. of Potatoes, Carrots, &c. Introduce at stated intervals, according to requirements, fresh batches of Seakale, Rlnil)arl) and Asparagus. Also keep up the supply of Mint, Tarragon, C'hicor}- and Endive for salads. Here it is always too damp to blanch Kndive in the open ; it has to be lifted carefully', dried in an airy shed, then introduced to a dark cellar or Mushroom-house. Killerton Gardens, E.retpr. JoHX Coutts, FOR THE NORTH AND NORTH MIDLANDS. A TEJIPERATUKE of 6,)° bj' night, with a rise of o" by day, will meet the requirements of Codiseums, Gardenias. &e. , whose roots and ^owth are slightly active. Watering must be carefully attended to ; an overdose is fatal to health, while the plants must never become thoroughly dry. A batch of well-ripened Gloxinias maj- be placed in a moist heat of about '65°. When growth commences shake out and repot in good fibrous loam, leaf-soil and sand. Ventilate carefull3' on all favourable occasions. Clerodendrons, Allamandas and other kindred plants, cut back and resting, may have a tem- perature of 60° to 6.5°, but no water at the roots. Winter-flowering Cj'pripediums, as leeanum insigne varieties, now out of flower, should be ^.■famined, and anj' division or repotting maj' be carried out ; a good compost consists of peat and chopped sphagnum moss, with the addition of some good fibrous loam. Azalea mollis, Deutzias, Spira'as, &c. may now be introduced to a temperature of 5.5° to 60°, and will readily start into growth. Tulips (early-flowering), Lily of the Valley and other bulbs needed for succession sliould be brought in as occasion requires. Flower Gardex \\ here .spring gardening is not practised, the present is a good time to manure and dig beds. Alterations or improvements not yet begun should be taken in hand, so that they may be completed before the busy season. Odd corners to be cleared, repairs to fences, &c. , may be done before their need becomes pressing. If alterations are to be mafle in the summer bedding, the e the trap in position, so that when the mole comes along he passes and falls easily between the claws of the trap, and the animal is dead in a few seconds. I ought to say that great care is necessary in covering the trap. A few leaves, moss, or pieces of turf should first be placed over the top of the trap, to prevent loose pieces of soil from falling in. Over this a little loose soil should be sprinkled, so as to exclude all light. An old buck mole is sometimes very difficvilt to catch, and he will spring or fill the trap time after time. Then it is best to set a second trap a short di.stanoe from the first. I have caught eleven moles in one run in eleven days, and in the same run twenty-seven in one season. The kitchen garden here is just over one aci-e in extent, and our man catches all our moles in one run, which is under the main gravel walk. Mi/foii Bryan, M'ohurn. Charles J. Kilby. These troublesome little creatures are not so hard to catch as is generally supposed. We read of all .sorts of different ways of dri\'ing them away, but this is not worth while if one can catch them, which is not so difficult after all if we go about it in the proper way. What is the use of driving away moles from one garden to another — ' one's neighbour's, for instance — while at the same time he drives his moles on your ground ? You might as well throw him your garden refuse and receive his in return. My fattier was a profes- sional mole-catcher, and I have had several seasons with him catching moles, ha\nng a rim of about LtMX) acres. To catch moles in a field is not .so difficult. One can generally find a run across a furrow or leading to a ditch. It is not the ne^\' flat runs one wants, but what we call the main run, which is much deeper. One may see mole-hills close to the ditch, and out in the field perhaps 20 yards or 30 yards away more mole-hills, but can see no run from one colony to the other ; it is there all the same. The best waj' to find it is with a pointed stick or .spud by pushing it into the ground about halfway from one colony to the other. You will know if you are in the rmi by the stick suddenly dropping in about 2 inches. Now. having found the run. open it out about 4 inches in length and the width of the run with your hands ; tliis must be done ver\- carefidly, clearing out every particle of loose soil, as the smallest piece left in will cause him either to burrow under the trap or round the side of it. Some think it is the scent of the hand that causes them to do this, but I am sure it is not so. We have caught thousands of them, and never wear gloves. The two chief things to remember are to clear the run well out before setting the trap, and cover the latter well so as to shut out the light. First cover the trap with some short grass about 3 inches in length laid across the run, then sprinkle it with loose soil, from a mole-hill for preference, until the light is completely .shut out. To catch moles in a gaiden is more difficult, as the soil is looser. The best way when you find where the run is is to tread it down with the foot in one or two places, then leave it for a day or January 5, 1907.] THE GARDEN. 11 so. If it is a good run the}' will throw it up again. The trap may then be set, as the soil will be much firmer through treading it. I find the best traps to use are the iron ones sold by most ironmongers. Of course, throwing them out with the spade if you can see them working is all very well, but does not always pay, especially in the Onion bed. I have seen this tried a good man}' times, but the moles often escape. I think there is nothing to beat catching them with traps. Billerkay. F. S. In your issue of October 27 you state you know of no effective way of ridding a garden of moles except b}' trapping. I have found poisoning with arsenic effective. My method of using it is that of cutting a small Potato in two, scooping out a snui.ll portion, then dropping the arsenic in and tying the Potato with black thread. The Potato is then dropped into the run. Scofswood, Berea, Durban. J. S. Wyhe. Being a regular reader of The Garden, I have been much amused at some of the explanations as to the best methods of catching moles. Now, I may say that during my expei'ience the most reliable and effective method has been to first locate the main run, which is generally at the side of the walk, then to place pieces of slate (12 inches by 3 inches) at each side of the run andanotheratthe bottom. Then place an ordinary galvanised iron trap between the slates as described in a recent issue. By this means the moles are prevented from passing under the trap or at either side. No light must be admitted, .so therefore great care must be taken to cover the trap with rubbish. If you are desirous of catch- ing the moles alive, a most effective and yet simple method is to sink a good-sized jar or some other receptacle to the level of the run and cover carefully with thin paper, which slightly cover with a little dry soil. Place the bottom piece of slate as described above at the top to prevent the soil falling. I feel certain that if your readers follow out the above instructions they will be less troubled with moles. YoKKiE. PRIZES FOR GARDENERS. VIOLETS IN ^^'INTER— AWARDS. The essays sent in on the subject of " How to Provide a Supply of Violets during Winter " were more numerous than in any of our pre^'^ous com- petitions. This would seem to show that the Violet is a plant in which large numbers of gardeners, professional and amateur, have a special delight, and take great pains to provide a supply of fragrant flowers throughout the winter months. Perhaps in no pre\-ious competition has there been such discrepancy of opinion as to the methods of cultivation. Some writers say that the Violet should be grown during the summer months on a border facing north or west, others prefer a south or east border, while some believe an open simny position to be the best. The distance apart at which the Violets should be planted in the frames was also a subject upon which competitors differed widely, even to such an extent that while a few recommended the plants to be put out 3 feet apart, others would have them placed close together. We have no sympathy with the -idews of either of these extremists. When Violets are planted in the frames they are not put there to grow but to flower ; their growth being practically completed, it is quite unneces.sary to put them 3 feet apart, and it is equally unwise to place them close together. After very careful consideration of the essays sent in we have awarded the prizes as mentioned below. We have not the space to give the names of all competitors whose papers were worthy of commendation, but we publish names of a few wliose papers were little inferior to the prize-winning ones. First prize of four guineas, Mr. James Day, The Gardens, Galloway House, Garliestown, N.B. Second prize of two guineas, Mr. J. Heath, Kingskerswell, South Devon. Third prize of one guinea, Mr. John Roberts, The Gardens, Tan-y-bwlch, North Wales. Fourth prize of half-a-guinea, Mr. James Mayne, Bieton Gardens, Devonshire. The following are highly commended : J. McCallum, Burkham House, Alton ; W. H. Morton, St. James's Crescent, Gloucester ; John Burch, Staple Park Nursery, Bristol ; J. Lavender, Waltham Manor Gardens, Twyford ; W. G. Wadge, Viceregal Lodge Gardens. Dublin ; F. Lock, The Gardens, Woolton Hill, New- bury, Hants ; A. Brown, Walton Hall Gai'- dens, Warrington ; F. Cobbett, The Boltons, Ipswicli ; Walter H. Aggett, 70, St. James's Road, Bermondsey, S.E. ; M. Taylor, The (iardens, Hawley Hill, Blackwater, Hants ; William Turnham, Culliam Court Gardens, Henley-on-Thames : John W^. Forsyth, The Gardens, Wishaw Hciuse, Wishaw, Lanarkshire, N.B. : W. A. Smart. Orowcombe, Taunton ; E. H. Williams, Four Burrow House, Scorrier, R.S.O., Cornwall; Miss A. Cecil Bull, The Lodge. Winslow, Clay-next-.Sea, Norfolk ; Miss Helen Cobb, 6, Adamson Road, South Hamp- stead, N.W. : William A. Ward, The Boltons Gardens, Henle}' Road, Ipswich ; A. Dean, Aud- ley's Wood Gardens, Basingstoke ; A. Campbell, The (jardens. St. Anne's, Clontarf, Covuity Dublin ; C. W. Caulfield, Bridgen House, Park Crescent, Erith, Kent ; E. G. Creak, The Gar- dens, Westerfield House, Ipswich ; H. M. Canning Wright, 23, Havelock Road, Croydon, Surrey ; H. Tyrrell, Englefield Gardens, Reading, Berks ; H. G. Small, Iceland House, Tresco, Isles of Scilly, Cornwall ; Edward Albert Norris, Brook Lea, St. Ann's Park, Brislington, Bristol ; F. H. White, The Gardens, Bilton Hall, near Rugby ; Sidney J. Weeks, The Gardens, Tredethy, Bod- min ; H. Tomalin. Tower Hill Cottages, Kings- clere, near Newbury ; A. 0. Main, The Gardens, Wishaw House, Wishaw, N.B. : Jean Rogers, gardener. Denovan House, Denny, Stirlingshire, N. B. : W. H. Jenkins, Wythenshawe Hall Gar- dens, Northenden, Cheshire ; C. W. Crosby, Broom Hurst, Dorking ; G. Sewell, Thistleton, Kirkham, Lancashire ; F. J. Chambers, The Gardens, Elstree, Redhill ; and W. J. Smith, The Gardens, Tanglev Park. Guildford. YELLOW STRIPE DISEASE IN DAFFODILS. THE discussion of this subject, initiated by my note in The Garden of April 7 last, did not result in anything that could be regarded as definite, and, though many hypotheses were put forward, the real cause of the trouble was not proved. For my own part I have felt all along that we had to deal with some- thing more than could be attributed to mere accidents of cultivation, and while giving those correspondents who do not regard the "yellow stripe " as a disease every credit for the siDcerity of their convictions, further observations and enquiries have led me to a fuller knowledge of the subject, and I am now able to affirm, unquestionably, that this trouble is due to a fungoid disease, which every year appears to be gaining ground. What strikes me as being remarkable is that, although many of our leading growers are well acquainted with yellow stripe, no attempt appears to have been made to discover the causes from \\'hich it is due, and eA'en Mr. Bourne, in his " Book of the Daffodil," ignores the whole question. In these days, when the study of mycology is receiving profound attention, and every effort is being taken to disseminate information concerning the mode of life of those fungoid parasites that attaok.cultivated plants, it is a littlesurprisingthat no one should have deemed it worth while to try and ascertain whether yellow stripe was due to A Fungoid Disease ok Not. Before proceeding further it will be wise to enumerate these causes as set forth by three different correspondents in The Garden for April 28, May 19 and June 9 respectively. They are as follow : (1) over-division of the bulb, (2) cold, (3) inherent weakness, in the case of the variety M. J. Berkeley. Apart from these, many other assertions have been made as to the origin of this trouble, some of tliem being of a rather vague and improbable character. The following letter, received by a friend of mine resident in Ireland, from one of the leading English growers, clearly demonstrates how prevalent is the belief that carelessness of cultivation — not disease — is the cause of yellow stripe. " In answer to your letter respecting yellow stripe on Daffodil foliage, this is brought about by two or three causes, namely : (1) Over-humus in the soil ; (2) bad drainage, generally due to the beds being lower than the path, pnd the bulbs being affected by frost during winter : (3) forcing the bulbs asunder with a knife before planting ; (4) over-deep planting will sometimes be the cause with weak varieties ; (5) any uncongenial matter in the soil. We advised you last year to dig in a little fre.sh lime in case there was any disease in the soil, or foreign vegetable matter, which the bulbs might object to. If you dig up and examine any Daffodil which has a tinge of yellow in the foliage you will invariably find that the roots are not healthy, or that they have received some check, and may be brown at the tips instead of white. It is not unusual to find one or two strong-growing healthy bulbs among a number which are suffering, as these bulbs may have hit upon good soil, and, being in a stronger and healthier condition, would not be injured by frost, or by the causes that affect the other bulbs. Dafftxiils growing wild in a hedgerow, where the roots are protected from frost by grass and other subjects, and where the drainage is perfect, never sho\\' signs of yellow in the foliage, while Daffodils growing in meadows and hollows will decay ; in fact, in hollows they generally die out. You need have no fear of tlie disease spreading. Your best plan now (April 12, 1906) will be to break the ground between the bulbs with a hoe, and water freely, and they may outgrow the disease." Now, if anything were needed to bear out what I have already written as to the hypothetical character of the assertions that have been made as to the causes of yellow stripe, it is supplied by this letter ; for though unsupported by evidence, the dictum is laid down that there is no likelihood oi the disease becoming epidemical. It is easy enough to confute many of these Alleged Causes, and before proceeding further it will perhaps be wise to do so. ( 1 ) Over-humus in soil. I have cases of yellow stripe in some of my beds where, to my knowledge, no animal manures have been used for ten or fifteen years, the ground being pasture land for quite that length of time before it was broken up to plant Daffodils. Over-humus is, admittedly, the cause of basal rot, pure and simple. (2) Bad drainage generally causes death through the entire bulb rotting away. (3) Over- division. If caused by this, what explanation can be given of the fact that Some of the Worst Cases of yellow stripe that have come under my observation were to be found in beds of Sir Watkin undisturbed for three consecutive years ? [i) Over-deep planting. Only last spring I had experience of this, thanks to the energies of a 12 THE GARDEN. [January 5, 1907 iilaLnic of moles, but those bulbs, which by this liieans got buried at a great depth, showed no signs of stripe on their foliage when they came through, (o) The vagueness of this point, "any uncongenial matter in the soil," prevents its discu.s.sioii. , , . , i- As to the suggestion that cold is the cause of \ellow stripe, it is scarcely worth discussion. "Evervone is well aware that when Daffodils are induced by a mild winter to appear above gr-ound rather eaiiy, and then hard weather follows, that their foliage will often wear a yellow appearance. But this is not a disease. It will probably be remembered that in niv first note on this subject I referred to tlie fact that last year one of my colleagues on the Narcissus committee sent some Daffodils affected with yellow stripe to a botanist of the microscopical section, and that he reported the disease to be Bacterium Hyacinthi. This season samples of affected plants were sent to two independent savants, and both returned the same verdict, i.e.. that it was a definite disease caused by the bacterium just named. This bacterium produces a mass of yellow slime, by which its presence can be known, either as yellow streaks on the leaves or as streaks of yellow sticky gum between the scales of the bulb. When once introduced it remains in the soil, so that the crop is infected from year to year. The stripes on the leaves may pass up from the diseased bulb, or may be the result of direct infection of the leaf ; when the plants are grown in infected land, the bacteria being carried to the leaves by insects, wind, &c. It is DiFTicrLT to Distinguish bulbs that are only slightly infected : they are usually rather small and soft, but when cut m two. the yellow streaks indicate the disease imniediateiy. In land once infected the bacteria remains for years if not thoroughly destroyed. A certain method of doing this is to give a good dressing of gas lime, allow it to remain on the surface for two months, and then lightly work it into the soil. Of course this means nearly a year's rest for land so treated. The above is an almost word for word report kindly supplied h\ Mr. George Massee of Kew. Now I tiiink that we have at last something definite to work upon. We know that it they communicate the tact that they have 80,000" bultjs of Sir Watkin so affected with stripe that they do not intend to distribute any of them. ' Arthur R. Goodwin, The Elmx. Kkhhnnimter. NURSERY GARDENS. KELWAY'S FLOWERS. It is a Dlsease and not merely carelessness of cultivation or something lacking in the soil ; also, we have a remedy suggested in the gas lime. It would appear, however, that there is little hope of an infected crop being brought round to thorough health ; the remedy seems to be to burn the Ijad bulbs, and either get a fresh supply or give up the cultivation of such varieties as are subject to it. After all, it is only a few varieties that are seriously troubled bv this disease. Specially noteworthy is the fact that C. J. Backhouse is peculiarly "liable ; Mr. Engleheart tells me that, solely on this account, he has been obliged to abandon its cultivation. My owu experience is akin to this. At Lismore, Miss Croney grows this same variety to perfection, nor does it exhibit any signs of stripe. A friend of mine procured some of these Lismore bulbs, and the first season they were free, but each year afterwards they oradually became more .and more affected with stripe. This appears to bear out Mr. Massee's contention that, when once introduced, the fungus remains in the .soil. It is clear that certain varieties are more susceptible to the disease than others, thus Prineeps, Queen Sophia, Henry Irving, (iolden Spur, Sir Watkin, .Sensation and" Dorothy Yorke are peculiarly lialile. There are others, but in much less degree, such as Barri oonspiouus and a few less known to the public. In conclusion, I would venture to suggest that burning all badly aftected bulbs will, in the end, prove the cheapest remedy, as also the wisest course. That the matter is one of serious import, especially to trade growers, cannot^ be gainsaid. A letter received from a leading firm of growers last summer is now before me, and in OFTEN it happens that from one reason or another one is unable to cimi- I plete the planting of beds and I liorders in the early autumn before liad weather sets in. In such cases it is far better to ifefer planting until the .spring, and now is the time to deter- mine what to plant and to make selections. No manual will help one to make a better choice than Kelwa\''s "Manual of Horticulture, published by Messrs. Kelway and Son, Langport, Somerset. "The illustrations alone in this book c'ive one an excellent idea of many of the most beautiful border flowers, and should be missed by no one who is contemplating planting in the near future. Among hardy perennials there is nothing more attractive tha"n those of which Messrs. Kelwav make a speciality, for instance. Pyre- thrums, Pa?onies, Gaillardias, Delphiniums and Phloxes. The Langport firm has long made a special feature of these handsome border plants, which, in common with a great variety of others, they grow in large quantities. The Pyrethrum is unsurpassed as a flower for cutting, and its blossoms are produced in great profusion, making a wonderful display in the early summer. What, for instance, is more striking than masses of Pyrethrums James Kelway, crimson red ; Sir Hugo, rich ro.sy crimson ; Agnes Mary, violet-red, especially when they are relieved by groups of the beautiful white sorts Princess Marie and Princess Irene and the charming pink varieties Camilla and Cora. A plant that makes a brilliant display in the garden and at the same time gives large quantities of flowers unsurpassed for cutting purposes, is doubly valuable, and no garden, whether large or small, can afford to be without it. Kelway's Pyrethrums are among the most valuable of our hardy border flowers, and none are more appreciated. One has only to look at some of the illustrations of Delphiniums in Kelway's Manual to realise, if one did not already know, "what a magnificent plant it will deveh.ip into. One illustration shows a plant bearing forty-one spikes in full bloom. No mixed border can be considered complete without several clumps of Delphiniums. While the predominating colour among them is blue, varieties are now to be had in many very beautiful shades. One might even plant a" border with Delphiniums alone and pro- duce an effect in the garden which it would liardly be possible to surpass with any other Hiwer. The varieties are so numerous that it would be useless to attempt to give a selection here ; we must refer readers to Kelway's Manual, where the very finest sorts to be had are illustrated and described. The Gaillardia is a plant that needs no recom- mendation -, it is known by all who have gardens as an indispensable border Hower, and when planted in bold groups it makes a gorgeous dis- play. Those who know the Gaillardia only as it is s"eeii in cottage gardens do not really know it at all. The forms raised by Kelway and others are great improvements upon the old varieties ; the latter are not comparable with them in point of value as garden flowers. The colours are now richer and more varied, and the flowers are larger and more freely produced. The richly-coloured flowers of William Kelway are often a inches across, and the effect of a mass of this sort in the border docs not need to be described : one cannot fail to imagine how very striking a flower-picture it forms. The Gaillardia rivals the Pyrethrum as a cut flower. In these two we have flowers which for their value in the border and when cut are not tn be excelU'd. Kelway's Pieonies are famous tlie world o\er, and this is hardly sur- prising for tliey are grown by the acre at Langport. There one may see fields of Pajonies; the large, handsome flower-heads showing above the sturdy leafage provide a scene of flower beauty tliat must be seen to be appreciated, (iently moving to the summer wind, flower and leaf b'lend in a rippling sea of colimr, feasting the eyes and gladdening the heart of all who see them, making one realise that the Pieony is one of the noblest flowers we grow. These famous flowers — Pteony, Pyrethrum. Delphinium, (iaillardia and others— as well as being indi.spensable have the merit of being quite easy to grow, especially if one possesses Kelway's Manual and follows out the excellent information to be found therein. Now is the time to com- plete all gardening work before the spring weather starts plants into growth. ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS. RULES FOR CORRESPONDENTS. Queatlona and Answers.- TAe Bdxtor intends ■0 make IBK Gaedek helpjul to all reader) who des\re assistance, no matter what the bratuh 0/ gardening may be, and with that object will make a special feature of the 'Answers to Correspondents" column. All communica- tions should be clearly and concisely written on one side of the paper only, and addressed to the EDITOR 0/ TB« Gabdkb, to, Tavistock Street, Cove7it Garden, W.C. Letters n business should be sent to the PuBUSHIE. The name tnd address of the sender are required in addition to any iesignation he may desire to be used in the paper. When more than one query is sent, each should be on a separate Diece of paver. Legal Points.— We are prepared to answer questions of law which have anything to da with the subject of gardening and forestry. The questions should be as clear and explicit as possible. Atmcers will be found in a separate column headed " Legal Points. '' FLOWER GARDEN. Violets in Frames {X. L. K. £».).— We are afraid you can do little to help your Violets now, for when planted in frames their growth is • practically completed, and unless they have developed into good plants by then there is not much chance of their giving a good crop of flowers. All you now can do is to fork in a light mulch of well-decayed manure, see that the plants are not allowed t« suffer from want of water, as we are inclined to think yours have done, and give air on all favourable occasions, removing the lights entirely in mild wejither. Next year grow your plants in a richer soil, and when "you lift them for planting in frames do so very carefully, and do not damage the roots more than is unavoidable. Keep saucers filled with water; this will prevent the atmosphere in your greenhouse from getting dry. Brioht - roi.ouRED Perennials for Dry Border (/?f»(f().— Such a position is not suitable for herbaceous plants, but by . indica in 1800. Now, however, in the '■ Kew Hand List" the two species are regarded as identical, and no varieties are mentioned, but there are certainly two or three very distinct forms. What is usually regarded "as the tjTjioal form (though on this point I do not speak with any confidence) has flowers which in the bud state are tinged with reddish purple, but when fully expanded the inside is seen to be of an ivory white, .slightly shaded with pink. A more s"traggling grower than this has white flowers, while another form has leaves variegated with white. There is a very interesting hybrid and a decidedly un- common one named D. Dauphini, raised between V>. indica and the hardy D. sericea, or collina as it is often called. this hybrid has purplish flowers, with a fragrance decidedly less pro- nounced than in the tj-pical D. odora. This just-named species needs careful treatment for its successful culture, especially if it is grown in pots. In nurseries it is often grafted on the •deciduous 1). Mezereum, but this seldom proves satisfactory. The evergreen D. pontica makes a more suitable stock, but some cultivators — and these by no means the least successful — prefer plants struck from cuttings. A suitable soil for this Daphne is equal parts of loam and peat, with half a part of sand. It is. however, when planted out in a prepared border in the greenhouse that this Daphne is seen at its best, a feature shared by the second sweet-scented shnib to mention, LrCULIA GRATISSIMA, which was first introduced from the Himalayas in 1823. Given ample space it will attain the THE ALPINE GARDEN AT FRIAR PARK. (Continued from page 6.) The gi-ouping of the plants in carpets and in closely connected masses, even if it follows Nature less faithfully that a more careless mixture, is a gain to the general artistic effect. The colouring deliberately arranged and well assorted makes the whole picture pleasant to the eye. Patches of yellow Potentilla approach carpets of purple Aubrietia, masses of crimson Helianthemums are beside white Arabis, and so on ; and all in wide- spread, generous masses. In rocky fissures are Saxifraga longifolia, crmtata. Cotyhdon. and all the species of the large and lieautiful Euaizoonia group, and even those of the Kabtchia group, S. ca-sia. diapensoides, Valdensis, &e. Gorges, deep and cool, are the homes of such treasures as the Filmy Ferns, Haherka, Bamondia with flowers of lilac, white and pink colourings, the delicate Ferns of the high mountains, some of the Primulacea?, and many North American and Antarctic plants. In little gras.sy places that represent alpine pastures there "are terrestrial Orchids and mountain plants of bulbous, liliaceous and iridaceous character, and small flowering or berry- bearing bu.shes, -n-ith the alpine Rhododendrons. The pools of water, and the little lake that forms the base of the whole landscape, have their edges furnished with all the bog garden plants. Calthn, Cypripfdinm, Houttnyiua, Parnamici. &c. ; but all are plants of modest dimensions and in due relation to the whole construction. In the water are Nymphajas and some of the choicest aquatic plants. Wandering about these flower-strewn paths one might well be walking among the mountains and climbing their heights. Were it not for the variety and profusion of species, the scene is that of Scotland or the Swiss Alps. This garden already is, and as time goes on will become more and more, a s^iTithesis of Nature in the mountains. If its constniction and arrangement have been a source of satisfaction to its owner, they will pr()ve one of still greater pleasure to those lovers of alpine flowers who may have the privilege of seeing it. Genera. H. Correvox. THE KITCHEN GARDEN. SOME VALUABLE FORCING RHUBARBS. WITH the new year our Apple supply is less plentiful, and thosewho have a warm cellar or even a stage under a green- house can force good Rhubarb in a short time. It is always advisable to grow this vegetable for home supplies, as when used in a fresh state it is much better. The forcing is very simple. The roots after thej- have been lifted" should be just kept moist (not too wet) and covered to exclude the light. They will then give a quick return. AVe now come to varieties, and I would adrise two not sufficientlv kno-mi. These are The Sutton and Daw's Cliampion, both of which force splendidly : indeed, any amateur who has the old sorts" would be astonished with the two named, as the quality is much better than that of the old ones. The Sutton is not quite so early as the other, but I would strongly advise both ; grow this variety on a warm border to give first crop in the open. If the crowns are covered with a little litter at this season the stalks will be very early and of splendid colour and quality. As a "forcer Daw's is certainly first rate, and should become a great favourite. It is large and of splendid colour, and when cooked is delicious. G. Wtthes. RECENT PLANT PORTRAITS. The quadruple number of tlic Belgian Monograph of Orchids entitled Lindenia, which completes the seventeenth volume of the work, contains beauti- fully coloured portraits of the following fourteen varieties of Orchid : 1, Cj-pripedium insigne var. cinnamomeum ; 2, C. lucienianum var. superbum ; 3, C. vialianuni ; 4, C. lathamiauum var. prin- ceps ; .5, C. glaucophyllum, a cm-ious species with long race es of flowers ; 6, C. Chantini var. lawrencianum ; 7, C. Theodore BulUer ; 8, Cattleya liardiaiia var. Majestica ; 9, C. panne- makcriana ; 10, C. Triana- var. brandneriana ; 11, C. Fascinator : 12. Oncidium incur\nini album, a pm-e white-flowered form of the type : 13, Odontoglossum chromaticum ; 1-t, O. crispum var. graireanum. In the last published number of this work, which appeared so long ago as THE ROSE GARDEN. MR. EDWARD MAWLEY'S ROSE ANALYSIS, 1 899- 1 906. THE importance of the following tables to the exhibitor of the Rose can hardly be exaggerated. They form, without doubt, the most complete Rose statistics of the year, and have appeared now for the last twenty years in the columns of your con- temporary, "the Journal of Horticulture. It is with the courteous permission of the Editor of that journal, and of Mr. Mawley, that they are liere reproduced for the benefit of the readers of The Garden-. Mr. Mawley's lettei-press is of equal interest, and, therefore, I send it to j'ou. "The spring, summer, and early autumn of the past year proved exceptionally trying to Roses over" the greater part of England, owing to the continued dry weather, which may l>e said to have lasted from" the beginning of April until the end of September. Fortunately for our analysis, in the last week in June there occurred the one heavy rainfall of those six months. It is, how- ever," surprising how soon in a dry season like this the efteets of even such an exceptionally hea\-^- downpour pass away. Still it helped in some' measure to save the situation as far as the National Rose Society's exhibition, which was held on July o in the Royal Botanic Gardens, Regent's Pa"rk, was concerned. Under such adverse weather conditions as had previously prevailed, the general quality of the blooms there displayed, as might have been anticipated, fell short "of what we are led to expect at this the great Rose show of the year. That the blooms I of the ' exhibition ' Roses were on that occasion. January 12, 1907.] THE GARDEN. 17 as good as thoy were only serves to illustrate the skill and energy of the large body of trade and amateur exhibitors who year by year sot up Kciscs at that show, and what exceptionally fine results may be anticipated whenever the season shall once again, more or less, completely favour their eft'orts. As it was, the exhibition proved an unusually large one ; indeed, by far the most extensive the society has ever held. " Before proceeding to consider the relative positions of tlie varieties in the tables of Hybrid Perpetuals and Hj'brid Teas, and that of Teas and Noisettes, it may be advisable, it only for the sake of those readers who may be consulting tliose tables for tlie first time, to offer a few words of explanation as to tlie s\^stem on whicli they have been compiled. For the last twenty years the name of every Rose in the first, second, and third prize stands has been taken down at the leading exhibition of the season, known to rosarians as ' the National,' in other words, the metropolitan exhibition of tlie National Rose Society. Tlie results thus obtained have been afterwards tabulated, and the varieties arranged in the published tables according to the average number of times each Rose was staged at tlie last eight exhibitions of the society. This applies to more than two-thirds of the Roses ^^•hich find places in those tables. For the sorts of more recent introduction the longest trustworthy averages available are given instead, while the still newer kinds find places according to their records for the last exliibition alone. " The most noteworthy feature in the table of Hybrid Perpetuals and Hybrid Teas is the high positions taken up by the Hybrid Teas of recent introduction. For instance, among the first twenty-four varieties are to be found as many as eight Roses (all Hybrid Teas) which are from two to seven years old. Whereas it we go back only five years, and turn to the analysis for 1901, it will be seen that there were in the same table only four Roses among the first twenty-four varieties as youthful. In fact, the changes now going on are so great, and the good new varieties each year introduced so numerous, that it requires some such test as these yearly analyses afl'ord of the relative value of the newcomers in order to keep us in any way in touch with them. The way in which the Hybrid Teas are ousting the Hybrid Perpetuals is clearl}' evident when we look at the positions some of our old favourites occupied only five years ago, as compared with those they take up at the present time. Mrs. John Laing. then the premier flower on the list, has now fallen to No. 4, Ulrich Brunner from No. 3 to No. 5, A. K. Williams from No. 6 to No. 10, Her Majesty from No. 6 to No. 15, Mrs. Sharnian- Crawf ord from No. 8 to No. 1 1 , (iustave Pigaiieau from No. 12 to No. 16 and S. M. Rodocanachi from No. 13 to No. 17, while Mme. G. Luizet, Alfred Colomb, Marie Baumann, Marchioness of Londonderry, Earl of Diift'erin, F. Michelon, Prince Arthur and Dupu\' Janiain are no longer to be found in that select faniilj' — the first twenty-four varieties. "At the last exhibition A. K. Williams, La France and Marie Baumann have never before, and Mrs. W. J. Grant, Karl of Dufi'eriii and Etienne Levet have only once before been as poorly represented, while G. Piganeau, S. M. Rodocanachi, Prince Arthur, Alfred Colomb and Marchioness of Loiid(jnderry have seldom been as sparsely shown. In fact, of the established varieties, only Caroline Testout, Charles Lefebvre, Duke of Wellington and Xavier Olibo were exhibited in any marked degree above their average records. "As stated before, the Hybrid Teas still continue to gain ground. Eight years ago there were only nine Hybrid Teas on the list, last year there were twenty-three, and in the present analysis twenty-six, twelve of them being among the first twenty-four varieties in the table. Then, as will be presently seen, all the newer Roses included in it, with three exceptions, belong to tiiis comparatively modern and popular section. " By newer Roses is here meant those varieties in the present list of Hybrid Perpetuals and Ifybi-id Teas which are fi\e or fewer years old. To begin with those sent out in 1901, we Hr.st come to Mildred Grant (ivory white, shaded pink). Tliis fine exhiliition Rose last j'ear and the year before headed the list, and now stands only second to Bessie Brown, while Robert Scott (ro.sy pink) has risen since last year from No. .'iO to No. 34, and Mamie (ros}' carmine) from No. 47 to No. 37. On the other hand, Lady Moyra Beauclerc (madder rose) has fallen from No. '2() to No. 37, and Duchess of Portland (pale sulphur yellow, after the style of Kaiserin Augusta Victoria), from No. 33 to No. 41. Of the 1902 varieties, Alice Lindsell (creamy white, with pink centre) and Florence Pemberton (creamy white, tinted pink) now stand together at No. 13, the former having risen to that position from No. 15, and the latter from No. 30. Bent Cant Hybrid Perpetual (deep crimson) and Perle von (iodesberg (cream, shaded lemon) will both be found near the bottom of the table. Strangely enough, there is no representative of the year 1903, but as if to make up for this loss, as many as six 1904 varieties have already obtained a footing in the table. Of all the newer Ro.ses, we have now under consideration Dean Hole (silvery carmine, shatled salmon) is nntUmbtedly the greatest aciiuisition. Although only sent out two years ago, it has risen since the last analysis was issued from No. 32 to No. 7 on the list. Lady Ashtown (deep jiink), of the same year, on its first appearance takes a place at No. 20. Hugh Watson, Hybrid Perpetual (crimson shaded carmine), Mrs. David MeKee (creamy yellow) and Dr. J. Campbell Hall (coral rose, suffused wliite), which are al.so new to the table, take up their positions re.spec- tively at No. 45, No. 45 and No. (il, while Hugh Dickson, Hybrid Perpetual (crimson, shaded scarlet), rises from Ni>. 07 to No. fil. The varieties distributed in 1905 are J. B. Clark (deep scarlet, shaded plum), the sensational Hower of the National Rose Society's 1904 exhibitiijii, which will be found at No. 32, and C. J. Cirahanie (\ery bright crimson) at No. 5(j. It is very gratifying to find how many of the above new Roses are of Britisli origin, no fewer than fifteen of the seventeen having been raised in the North of Ireland, and twelve of them liy a single firm. One of the remaining two varieties came to us from America and the other from (Jermany. " HYBRID PERPETUALS AND HYBRID TEAS. ? 2 ill J* So e.. 6^ a,~ 1 .. 50-2 .. 55 . 2 49-7 . . 51 . 3 .. 43-0 .. 46 . 4 .. 40-6 . . 36 . 5 .. 37-4 .. 36 6 .. 36-5 .. 43 . ♦7 34-0 .. 34 . 8 .. 30-3 .. 32 . 9 .. 28-6 .. 21 . Ill 27-6 . . 21 . 11 .. 'J6-4 .. 20 . Vi . 25-4 .. 12 . *\S .. 24-0 . . 24 . *13 .. 24-0 .. 24 . 15 22-9 .. 13 . 16 .. 22-0 .. 17 . 17 .. 20-1 .. 17 . 18 .. 18-9 . . 19 . 19 .. 185 .. 21 . «20 .. 18-0 .. 18 . 21 .. 17-6 .. IS . 22 .. 16-3 .. 18 . 23 .. 15-9 .. 14 . 24 . 15-7 .. 13 . 25 .. 14-7 .. 6 . 26 . 14-4 .. 11 . 27 . 14-0 .. 19 . 28 . 13-9 .. 13 . 29 . 13-7 . 8 . 30 .. 13-6 .. 8 . 31 . I3-4 . . 12 . ■•32 . 13 0 .. 13 . 33 .. 11-9 .. 12 . 34 . 11-5 .. 11 . 35 . . 10-7 4 . 36 .. 10-5 S . 37 .. 10-0 1 . 37 . lO-O .. 8 . 37 .. 10-0 .. 9 . 40 .. 9-8 .. 8 . 41 .. 9-3 .. 7 . 41 .. 9-3 7 . 43 .. 9-2 .. 6 . 43 .. 9-2 .. 8 . »45 .. 9-0 .. 9 . *45 .. 9-0 .. 9 . 47 .. 8-8 7 . 47 .. 8-8 .. 5 . 49 .. 8-3 . . 12 . 49 .. 8-3 4 . 49 .. 8-3 4 . 49 .. 8-3 .. 8 . .53 .. 8-2 6 . 54 .. 7-6 7 . 55 7-4 .. 13 . 56 . 7-0 .. 6 . *56 .. 7-0 7 . .58 .. 6-6 .. 5 58 .. 6-6 .. 6 . 58 .. 6-6 .. 5 . ♦61 .. 6-0 6 . >6l .. 6-0 . 6 . 61 .. 6-0 . 5 . 64 .. 5-7 4 . 65 .. 6-6 . 4 . 06 .. 5-5 5 . 67 .. 5-4 1 . Name, Bessie Brown, H.T Mildred Grant. H.T Frau Karl Druschki Mrs. John Laing Ulrich Brunner Caroline Testout, H.T Dean Hole, H.T Kaiserin Augusta Victoria, H.T. Mrs. W. J. Grant, H.T A. K. Williams Mrs. R. G. Sharman-Crawford . . La France. H.T Alice Lindsell, H.T Florence Pemberton, H.T. Her Majesty Gustave Piganeau Suzanne M. Rodocanachi . . Horace Vernet Captain Hayward Lady Ashtown, H.T Ulster Marquise Litta, H.T Helen Keller White Lady, H.T Mme. Gabriel Luizet Pi-ince Ai'thur Charles Lefebvre Killarney. H.T Marie Baumann Alfred Colomb Francois Michelon J. B. Clark, H.T Dupuy Jamain Robert Scott, H.T Marchioness of Londonderry . . Countess of Caledon, H.T. Lady Moyra Beauclerc, H.T. . . Mamie. H.T Tom Wood « . . Fisher Holmes Duchess of Portland, H.T. G^n^ral Jacqueminot Comte de Raimbaud Lady Mary Fitzwilliam. H.T. . , Hugh Watson Mrs. David McKee, H.T Marchioness of Downshire Margaret Dickson Duke of Wellington Earl of Dufferin Etienne Levet Victor Hugo Papa Lambeit, H.T Duke of Ed nburgh Xavier Olibo Beauty of Waltham Charles J. Grahame, H.T Duke of Teck Gladys Harkness, H.T Marchioness of Dufferin . . . . Dr. J. Campbell Hall, H.T. .. Hugh Dickson Louis van Houtte Ben Cant Marie Verdier Perle von Godesberg, H.T. Dr. Andry 1899 1901 1900 1887 1881 1890 1904 1891 1895 1877 1894 1867 1902 1902 1885 1889 1883 1866 1893 1904 1899 1893 1895 1890 1877 1875 1861 1898 1863 1865 1871 1905 1868 1901 1893 1897 1901 1901 1896 1865 1901 1853 1868 1S8S 1904 1904 1894 1891 1864 1887 1871 1884 1899 1868 1864 1862 1905 1880 190J 1891 1904 1904 1869 1902 1877 1902 1864 Raiser's Introducer's Name. A. Dickson and Sons Lambert Bennett Levet Pernet-Ducher A. Dickson and Sons LamljL'it and llt-iter A. Dicksi.)!! and Sons Schwartz A. Dickson and Sons Guillut A. Dickson and Sons Bennett Pernet-Ducher L^vSque Guillot Bennett A. Dickson and Sons Pernet-Ducher A. Dickson and Sons W. Paul and Son . . Liabaud B. R. Cant . . . . Lacharme A. Dickson and Sons Baumann Lacharme Levet Hugh Dickson . Jamain Robert Scottand Son A. Dickson and Sons E. Verdier . . . . A. Dickson and Sous Roussel Roland Bennett A. Dickson and Sons Granger A. Dickson and Sons Levet Schwartz Lambert Paul and Son . . Lachanne . . W. Paul and Son . A. Dickson and Sons Paul and Son . . . . A. Dickson and Sons Hugh Dickson . . Lacharme B. R. Cant and Sons E. Verdier . . . . Schneider . ... E. Verdier New varieties, whose positions are dependent on their records for the Colour. Creamy white Ivory white, shadcfl pink Pure white Rosy pink Cherry red Light salmon pink Silvery carmine, shaded salmon Cream, shaded lemon Bright rosy pink Bright ciuiiiine-red Clear m.sy jiink Silveiy rose, shaded lilac Creamy white, pink centre Creamy white, tinted pink Pale rose Shaded carmine Glowing rose Scarlet-crimson, dark shaded Scarlet-crimson Deep pink Salmon pink Camiine-ros^, bright centre Rosy cerise Creamy white Light silvery pink Bright crimson Purplish crimson Pale pink, shaded white Soft carmine-red Bright carmine-red Deep rose, reverse silvery Deep scarlet, shaded plum Bright cerise Clear rosy pink, shaded Mesh Ivory white Carmine rose Madder rose, with silvery reflex Rosy cannine, yellow base Brownish red Shaded crinisoii-scarlet Pale suli>lmr yellow Bright scarlet-crimson Clear crimson Rosy flesh Crimson, sbadeil carmine Creani> \cll('w Li;^lit i>ink. shaded rose Ivury white Bright shaded crimson Dark crimson, shaded maroon Carmine -rose Dazzling crimson, sluidid Pinkish rose Scarlet-crimson Dark velvety crimson Rosy crimson Very bright crimson Light crimson-scarlet D'p sahnon-p'k, silvery reverse Pink Coral rose, suffused white Crimson, shaded scarlet Deep crimson, shaded maroon Deep crimson Pure rose Cream, shaded lemon Bright crimson 1906 show only. I 18 THE GARDEN. [January 12, 1907. One notices Mr. Mawley's lament jover tlie downfall^of jhis old favourites — the Hybrid Perpetuals — and one can sympathise with and understand his point of view. One does not like to see one's old tried and faithful friends beaten — even if it is by some- thing that is fitter for the task set before it — I will not .say more beautiful — they are all equally beautiful, only the Hybrid Teas, or some of them, are more likely to give a perfect flower than the Hybrid Perpetuals. That, in a few words, is the reason of their being at the head of the list, and that is wliat the exhi- bitor wants to know. What sorts will pay him best to grow ? Let him peruse this analysis ; he \\ill not go far wrong ; but he must not forget the new Roses — those with a star — nor the colours of the Roses, or he will leave out the dark reds. Bessie Brown heads the list again, and right well .she deserves the honoin-. It is true she hangs her head, but that is only her modesty. My friend Mr. Bate- man in a recent letter to you stated that nine out of every ten exhibitors, if asked the question which was the finest exhibition Rose, would vote for Mildred Grant. I doubt the proportion. I will leave out of the question the Teas, and presume he was only referring to the Hybrid Per- petuals and Hybrid Teas, and I think he would find if he tested the question that Mrs. John Laing would still have a fair number of supporters, and that Mildred Grant would probably come next. Then Frau Karl Druschki, but that the votes for Bessie Brown would predominate. At any rate, of the four named, she would get my vote, as produc- ing from a single plant more exhi- bition flowers than you would be likely to get from any other variety. Frau Karl Druschki would win easily in the garden, but she has not petals enough to stand the journey to the show. A Rose that liolds a record of lasting eighteen days would not fail that way ; but I have ?iot learnt the secret of growing Mildred (Jrant, unless it is that she must be grown by the dozen Vo get an occasional flower, and those must be maidens. But when all is said and done she is a bold, brazen young lady to my way of thinking. Dean Hole has come with a rush, and will go higher, and yet I can remember when the National Rose Society (in their wisdom this time) awarded the gold modal, quite a lot of unkind things were said about this glorious THE BLUE GUM TREE (EUC.\LTPTUS GLOBULUS) IN \ BERKSHrRE G.iRDEN. Rose I)y those who had never seen it growing. It is going to run Caro- line Testout very close as the best all-round Rose in cultivation, and Messrs. Alexander Dickson made no mis- take when they called it after him whose name it bears. Hugh Dickson and C. J. Grahame will speedily work their way up the list unless I am much mistaken. Lad\- Ashtown starts uncom- monly well to get into the first twenty - four at the first time of asking. I do not think many Roses have done that ; but it is a real good Rose. The analysis of the Tea Roses will follow very shortly. H. E. MOLTNECX. Purley. BLUE GUM TEEE OUTDOORS. I ENCLOSE a photograph of a group of Eucalyptus globulus, the tallest of which is 14 feet high. When ;the photograph was taken the trees were eighteen months old, from seed sown in Febi-uary, 1905, and the seedlings planted