— seetshy! poeohtonests st sstetetiassts til be Pesesecetecs *, gesetesrere roses piroseserstetsosecengell ieeiere te tiieag eis phestorets a r HAE Hs i Hae Siieaareenrsceareerren sesoiipess cies sesh sessasisboyecesppeecgeanterent tote ti piatithetnts thee FE He bees pi tested Fetho tbat 7 7 Tt M3333 iat ie aie iy et iptsneey bes peg verre teers ese lfate tasate tet iyyatial oe siehelpe cabal pesepepeterenincssanedy it eerttst rarepgacotertiteceotertts Sotetresthttoatetaseet istestytas tous z Pai posesht ptesedinss sasanheniebehn eslabyert wessesesttessefsrs Raieacerant tet preersrsey Ciretssens Sitesi teretst st raitebrt her eeteitrertvastted prertersieess Spafecabesptsesedau Percsiestst a Boe phiene spiagatestenclysnesteegtasa itotents sey petee aneereseetrsreeeenes, pene beteerbperprescosvnseparesshisperen: os rn ie PT sath Gocclasgasens st nsnrasergarsns t pacasgeseewsereces pererorstroresesrsrecseettre teaee os arti if anetlit Fartsit ca gensdoasetecserestoss il CC a i co fi i vil Nas ae 4 lt: ie Me Re - —_ = RES yee Ne ae ee eta ee Be, THE GARDEN MAGAZINE Devoted to Planting and Managing the Grounds About the Home and to the Cultivation of Fruits, Vegetables and Flowers Volume III February, 1906, to July, 1906 NEW YORK DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & COMPANY 1906 Copyrighted, 1906, by ‘DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & COMPANY INDEX Achillea, 145. millifolium, 135. tomentosa, 135. Acorus calamus, 137. Acteea spicata, 135. Adam’s needle 136. Adonis vernalis, 135. Agapanthus, 27. umbellatus, 136. Ageratum, 300,* 304. Ajuga reptans, 135. Akebia quinata, 306. Allen, J. K., photographs by, 110. article by, 110. All the Spireas Worth Growing, 206.* Alocasia, 27.* Alpine Flowers of Easiest Cultivation, 133.* Althza rosea, 212. Alyssum, 139, 149. argenteum, 135. maritimum, 139, 141. saxatile, 135. Amarantus caudatus, 140. “American gardens,” 334. Ames, Oakes, photograph by, 323. Ampelopsis quinquefolia, 24. Anderson, J. A., article by, 230. Andromeda, 336, 338. floribunda, 136. polifolia, 338, 340. Anemone, 135, 210,* 212, 242. Canadensis, 134, 135.* coronaria, 135. Japonica, 135, 210,* 211, 212. Pulsatilla, 135. St. Brigid, 135. sylvestris, 135. Whirlwind, 135. Angell, H. E., photographs by, 132, 133, 138, 143, 144, 152, 153, 162, 211, 324. I. M., article by, 20, 71, 223, 330. I. M., photographs by, 20, 21, 32, 71, 7p 18s Yip 2 Ly Annual flowers, how to get early, 82. Most Fragrant, 226. started in coldframe, 82.* Answers to queries, 242, 306, 352. Anthracnose, 234. Ants, 352. Aphides, 150,* 151,* 352. Apples, dwarf, 13.* spraying, 65.* Apple Tree Pests, 36.* worm, 36. Apricots, dwarf, 13.* Aquatics in a tub, 78.* Aquilegia Canadensis, 135. Arabis albida, 135. Aristolochia macrophylla, 306. Armeria maritima, 135. Arsenate of lead, 66, 346, 348. = Art of Growing Exhibition Chrysanthe- mums, 213.* TO THE GARDEN MAGAZINE Copyright, 1906, by Doubleday, Page & Co. Volume III. February, 1906, to July, 1906 An asterisk signifies that the article is illustrated Arundinaria Fortunei, 272. Japonica, 270,* 272.* Simoni, 272. Arundo Donax, 271.* Ashes, hardwood, 117c. Asparagus, 61, 155. fertilizers for, 61, 129. Aspen flowers, 18.* Asplenium Filix-foemina, 26. platyneuron, 25. ruta-muraria, 26.* Trichomanes, 25.* viride, 26. Aster, 27, 135, 139, 148. alpinus, 135. cordifolius, 210, 211.* disease, cure for, 166. grandiflorus, 210. Nove-Angliz, 135, 210, 212. ptarmicoides, 210. Stoke’s, 135. trinervis, 210. Astilbe Japonica, 135. Azalea, 136, 306, 336. ameena, 136. arborescens, 336. calendulacea, 136, 335. Canadensis, 335. Gandavensis, 136, 336. Indica, 136, 335- nudiflora, 136, 335, 340. occidentalis, 336. Pontica, 136, 336. Sinensis, 334;* 335- Vaseyl, 335- viscosa, 336. var. macrophylla, 270, Baby’s breath, 135, 139. Bachelor’s button, 135. Backyard Gardens, 27,* 28,* go. Japanese, 27.* Play-Garden with a Japanesque Idea, 27. Bagging grapes, 232. Balloon vine, 139. Balsams, 27,* 140. Bamboo, 272. Bambusa aurea, 272. Metake, 272.* nigra, 272. pygmea, 272. Banding trees, 38. Barnes, P. T., articles by, 139, 155, 188, 270, 294. : Barron, E. M., articles by, 143, 354- Leonard, articles by, 62, 130. photograph by, 130. L. and E. M., articles by, 158, 318.* Bartonia, 139. B. B., article by, 196. Beans, 73, 155, 156, 283, 317, 330, 331,* 333- Beard-tongue, 135. Beauty in Garden Grasses, 270.* Beavis, Walter R., article by, 27. photographs by, 27. Beckwith, Florence, articles by, 94, 226. photograph by, 94, 226. Bedding Plant Grown as a Tree, A., 142.* Beds and borders, 148,* 149,* 300.* Beets, 73, 155, 156, 283,* 317, 33%, 333- Beetles, 151, 234, 246. Beginner’s Garden, 10,* 11.* Begonia, 27, 149, 242, 304. Bellflower, 27,* 135, 138, 212. Berry moth, 234, 350. Best Hardy Plants qf the Heath Family, The, 334.* Better Stakes or None, 340. Bettis, J. R., article by, 228. photographs by, 228. Bird’s foot trefoil, 135. Blackberries, 327. Blanching celery, 332. Blanket flower, 135. Bloodroot, 134. Blue bells, 135. flag, 137- lotus, 323. sage, 135- spirea, 145. Bog garden, 80. Boltonia, 340. Book Reviews. Manual of the Trees of North America, 112. The Vegetable Garden, 112. Bordeaux mixture, 65,* 346, 348. Border, hardy, 212.%* Borers, 36,* 38,* 244, 265. elm bark, 244. Boult, E. M., photograph by, 14, 81. Brachycome iberidifolia, 139. Braunton, Ernest, articles by, 242, 284. Bridge, the garden, 110,* Brown, Caroline M., article by, 88. Brugmansia as a House Plant, 194. Brunella grandiflora, 135. Bud worm, 36. Bugbane, 211. Bugle-weed, 135. Building of a Hotbed, The, 22. Bulbs, 61, 96, 188. and roots, keeping, 242. to School Children, 182. Butterbach, N., article by, 166. 248, Cabbage, 151, 155, 156, 283, 317, 331, 332) 333- Caladiums, 304. Calendula officinalis, 140, 141. Californian’s Reminder, The, 104, 160, 248. Callirhoé involucrata, 135. Callistephus hortensis, 139. Calluna vulgaris, 335,* 336.* Campanulas, 246. Carpatica, 135. persicifolia, 212. Camptosorus rhizophyllus, 25,* 26. Candytuft, 135, 140, 141. Cane-borer, 234, 329. Cannas, 188, 304. Canning, 304. Canning, E. J., photographs by, 82, 133. article by, 82. Canterbury bells, 246. Caper substitute, 88. Carbolic-soap wash, 244. Cardinal flower, 80. Flowers as Annuals, 180. in the garden, 86. Cardiospermum Halicacabum, 139. Carnations, 148. for Cut Flowers Next Winter, 292, 294. Carrots, 72, 156, 317, 330;* 331, 332, 333- Caryopteris Mastacanthus, 146. Case-bearers, 36. Castor-bean, 330. Catch-fly, 140. Cattleya labiata, 42,* 44. Cauliflower, 155, 156, 333- Celery, 155, 156, 3175 331) 3325* 333- Centaurea Cyanus, 141. gymnocarpa, 138. moschata, 139. Ceratostigma plumbaginoides, 135. Cerastium tomentosum, 134, 135. Chafers, 346. Chamedaphne calyculata, 338, 340. Channon, F. E., photographs by, 106, 108. Chard, Swiss, 73. Cheapest Kind of Hotbed, The, 76.* Cheese-cloth Protection for Garden Seeds, 168. Cheilanthes lanosa, 26. Chelone Lyoni, 186.* Cherry branches, 19.* Chickweed, 135. Child’s Garden, 27.* Chionodoxa gigantea, 135.* Christmas rose, 212. Chrysanthemum Indicum, 212. uliginosum, 138, 212. Chrysanthemums, 138, 141, 148, 212, 213,* 214,* 215,* 216,* 217,* 274,* 275,* 280,* 298. disbudding, 215, 274.* Pompon, 280,* 281.* Cimicifuga foetida, 211. Clark, W., articles by, 118, 300.* Clarkia elegans, 140, 141. Classified Planting List for Annuals, 139. Vegetables, 155. Clematis paniculata, 27, 306. Clethra, 340. acuminata, 340. alnifolia, 338. Cliff-brake, 25. Clintonia borealis, 26. Coal ashes, 92. Codling moth, 36. Cohosh, 135. Coix Lacryma-Jobi, 272. Colchicum autumnale, 135. Coldframe, 9,* 82,* 129, 133.* Coleus, 304. Columbine, 135. Compost, 92, 214. a Conard, Henry S., article by, 78, 321. photographs by, 322. Confections, 225. Conoclinium ceelestinum, 135. Constant Succession of Hardy Flowers, A., 145- Convyallaria majalis, 134, 135. Coogan, W. P., photograph by, 27. Cooking utensils, 145.* Cooperia Drummondi, 273. pedunculata, 273.* Copper sulphate solution, 65. Coral bells, 135. Coreopsis rosea, 135. tinctoria, 139. Corn, 21,* 73, 155, 156, 283, 317, 330,* 331, 332» 333, 344- Cornell Countryman, photograph by, 144. Experiment Station, photographs by, 139 SAY Cornflower, 141. Cortaderia argentea, 270. Cosmos, 27, 342. Until November, 118. Cowpeas, 20.* Cover Crops, 70.* Craig, John, photographs by, 66, 277, 330. W.N., article by, 142. Cranesbill, 135. Crocus, autumn, 135. Crocuses, 81.* Cropping aids fertility, 333. Crown imperial, 145. Cucumber, 21, 74, 155, 156, 283, 317, 330, Sh tree, 267. Culture of Magnolias, The, 292. Cuphea ignea, 137. Cut-worm, 230, 306. Cyperus alternifolius, 28,* 136. vine, 139. Cypripedium, Edwardi, 62.* Fairieanum, 62,* 63.* spectabile, 94.* Dabeecia polifolia, 336.* Daffodils, 61.* Dahlia, 147, 188. Daisy, 138, 212. Swan River, 139- Darlington, E. D., article by, 325,* 342. Day lilies, 138. Delphinium formosum, 210, 212. grandiflorum, 212. Deutzia, 130, 131.* Device for Reaching Over the Border, A, 110.* Dewberries, 329. Dianthus barbatus, 212. Caryophyllus, 211. Chinensis, 139. latifolius, 211. Diervilla florida, 246. Digitalis ambigua, 135, 211, 212. Janata, 212. purpurea, 212. Disbudding, 215,* 274.* INDEX” iO) HB GAR DIEING MEAG AVZAIINGE Disgraceful “Annual Cleaning,” The, 92. Dodecatheon Meadia, 135. Dodging the Cutworm, 230. Dolichos Lablab, 139, 140, 141. Domesticating Fringed Gentians and Cardi- nal Flowers, 86. Drain pipe rollers, 106.* Drake, F. B., article by, 168. Dryopteris Goldieana, 25. marginalis, 25. spinulosa, 25. Dugmore, A. R., photos by, 213. 214, 215, 217. Dunbar, John, article by, 206, 244, 33 Dwarf fruit trees, 12, 13,* 14.* Eames, E. A., article by, 15. photographs by. 17. Earlier and Better Annual Flowers, 82.* Earthworms, killing, 84. Easiest Way to Can, The, 354. Edelweiss, 134, 135, 162.* from seed, 162. Edgings, 136.* Eggplant, 155. Eichhornia crassipes, 78. Eight Varieties of Apples on One Tree, 52. Eldredge, Arthur, photograph by, 266. Endive, 333- Erianthus Rayenne, 270. Erica carnea, 336. herbacea. 336. Tetralix, 335,* 336. vagans, 336. Erigeron grandiflorus, 210. Villarsi1, 210. Eupatorium ceelestinum, 135. Evening primrose, 135. star, 273. Everlasting, 140. False goat’s-beard, 135. Fastest Growing Vine, The, 240.* Felt, E. P., article by, 36,* 244. photograph by, 38. Fern, 25,* 26,* 27, 246. Fertilizers. 68,* 69, 158, 196. Fertilizing the Home Garden, 196. fruit garden, 68.* Festuca glauca, 271. Fifty-two Lily Blossoms from a Hopeless Bulb, 96.* Filix bulbifera, 25,* 26. fragilis, 25.* Firecracker plant, 137. Fleabane, 210. Fletcher, S. W., articles by, 68, 220, 232. 276, 327. photographs by, 68, 69, 70, 220, 221, 222, 276, 277, 327, 328, 3209- Flies, 150. Flower That Blooms in Three Days, A, 273-* Flowers After the Fall Frosts, 210.* for bulb bed, 352. Flowering Shrubs from April to November, 130.* Forcing Large Branches — A New Idea, 19. twigs, 18,* 19.* Twigs in the Home Window Sill, 18.* Torget-me-not, 134, 135, 212. Forsythia, 130.* Foxglove, 212, 246. Fraser, Samuel, article by, 75. French, Allen, article by, 280. photographs by, 280, 281. Frost, 50, 205. protection from, 275.* Fruit garden, 232. on Walls, 14.* Fruit trees, 276,* 277,* 279.* dwarf, 12,* 13,* 14.* Fuchsia, 27. Fullerton, E. L., article by, 22. photographs by, 22. Fumigating frame, 288.* melons, 288.* Paper, 290. with Tobacco, 290. Fungicides, 65, 346, 348. Funkia, 27. cordifolia, 135, 137- lancifolia, 135, 137- ovato, 137. subcordata, 135, 137, 212. Gaillardia. 140, 145. aristata 135. pulchella, 140. Garbage, 92. Garden Enemies, 288. Garden in June, 10.* July. 11.* August, 11.* irrigating the, 282.* Planted after July Fourth, A, 330.* Rock, 133. tools, 106, 110.* Garden publications. 112. Gardener’s Reminder, 9, 61, 129, 205, 265, RN Gardens, 10,* 152,* 153,* 154.* plan of vegetable, 74. prairie, 282.* Gathering Nasturtium Pods for Seed or Pickling, 88.* Gayest Flowers for Late Fall, The, 280.* Gentians, fringed in the garden, 86. Geranium, 137, 149, 304. sanguineum, 135. maculatum, 135. pratense, 135. Gerard, J. N., article by, 240. photograph by, 240. Gladioli, 148, 188, 342. Globe amaranth, 140. Glory-of-the-snow, 135.* Gloxinias, 84. Gnaphalium Leontopodium, 134, 135, 162. Godetia, 140, 141. Golden bells, 130. glow, 340. tuft, 135. Goldflower, 212. Gomphrena globosa, 140. Good News for Late Beginners, 205. Gourds, 218,* 219.* ; Gowran, C. C., photograph by, 223. Grafted apple tree, 52.* Grafting, 52,* 61. Granger, Edith, article by, 164. Grape, 27, 220, 232, 350. arbor, 220. leaf-folder, 348. leafroller, 346.* root-worm, 348. planting, 221. training, 221. vines, 149. Grass, The unmowable, 34.* Grasses, 270,* 271.* Graves, Henry, photographs by, 62. Nathan R., article by, 76. photographs by, 76, 77, 131, 132, 207, 210, 213, 214, 215, 216, 266, 270, 300, 302, 325, 326, 335, 336- Greenhouse for $100, A 12 x 19 ft., 176.* Greensmith, Herbert, article by, 186, 210. Growing Alpine Plants from Seeds and Cuttings, 178. China Asters Free from Disease, 166. Edelweiss from Seed, 162.* Growing Gourds for Fun, 218.* Quality Potatoes, 158. Gynerium argenteum, 270. Gynerium saccharoides, 270. Gypsophila muralis, 139. paniculata, 135. Haight, A. B., photograph by, 279. Hairy Ruellia, 135. Hamamelis Virginiana, 131, 132. Happy Owner of a Hotbed, The, 92. Hardy border, 145,* 186. Flowers tor.the Suburban Garden, 212.* Hartley, Charles A., article by, 230. Hawk moth, 348.* Hawkweed, 135. Hawks, go. Heath, 335,* 336.* Heather, 335,* 336.* Heating the window garden, 15,* 16,* 17.* Helenium, 211. Helichrysum bracteatum, 140. Helipterum Manglesii, 140. Heliotropes, 142,* 304. Helleborus niger, 212. Hemerocallis, 138. flava, 212. Heuchera sanguinea, 135. H. H. H., article by, 96. photograph by, 96. Hibiscus Moscheutos, 80, 212. Hieracium aurantiacum, 135. Hill, W. H., photograph by, 78. Hollyhock, 212. Home-made contrivances, 168, 228.* Straw Mats for the Hot-beds, 23. Horned violet, 135. Hotbeds, 22,* 76,* 77,* 92, 129. House Plants from Seeds, 84. How I Became an Orchard Grower, 42.* to Avoid the Spring Rush and Have a Better Garden, 129. to Get Any Plant You Want, 194. to Get Penny Packets of Seed, 100. to Make Your Garden Cost You Noth- ing, 317- to Use a Planting Plan, 146.* We Sold 80,000 Bulbs to School Children, 182. Humulus Japonicus, 139, 140. Hyacinths, 27. bean, 27, 139, 140, 141. Hydrangea, 27, 131, 132,* 145. Hypericum Moserianum, 212. Iberis amara, 140, 141. sempervirens, 135. Ice-plant, 141. Iceland Poppy, 135- Ideal Edging Plants for Walks and Flower Beds, 136.* Immortelles, 140. Impatiens Balsamina, 140. Important Indoor Jobs, 104. Vegetables for July Planting, 332.* Insect trap, 38. Insecticide, 36, 38, 64, 65, 112, 151, 290. Insects, 36, 38, 150, 230, 232, 234, 288, 290, 329, 346, 352- That Bother the Melon Patch, Some, 288.* Investigator’s Club, 98. Ipomcea Bona-nox, 139. fistulosa, 352. hederacea, 140. purpurea, 139. Quamoclit, 139. Tris, 27, 137, 145, 212, 242. Germanica, 212. levigata, 27, 242. Tris pallida, 212. Sibirica, 137- tectorum, 135. Iris, versicolor, 137. Xiphium, 137. Irrigating, 282. Jacob’s ladder, 28, 135. Japanese hop, 139, 140. Jasminum nudiflorum, 130. Jensen, Jens, article by, 136. Johnson, E. R., article by, 15. Johnston, J. F., photographs by, 148, 149. article by, 148. - Kaleidoscopic Series of Small Gardens, A., 148.* Kalmia angustifolia, 334,* 335. glauca, 335. latifolia, 136, 335. polifolia, 335. Kerosene emulsion, 64, 65,* 151, 244. Killing the bugs, 36,* 112. Knap-weed, 138. Knight, Hattie L., article by, $4. Kniphofia uvaria, 138. Kohlrabi, 20, 21.* Kudzu vine, 240.* Labrador tea, 338. Lady’s Slipper, 94.* Lagurus ovatus, 271. Lantanas, 304. Large Flowered Chrysanthemums doors, 274.* Larkspur, 211,* 212 Lathyrus odoratus, 139, 141. Laurel, 136, 334,* 335- Lawn, 61, 117-c. seed mixture, 117-c. Lawson, K. W., article by, 170. Leadwort, 135. Leather cap, 338. leaf, 340. Leaves for leaf-mould, 92. Ledum latifolium, 338. Lemon verbena, 148. Leontopodium alpinum, 135, 162. Lettuce, 73, 155, 156, 283, 284, 317, 318,* 319, 320,* 333, 344- Leucothoé Catesbzi, 334,* 338. Liatris pycnostachya, 145. Lilacs, 18, 130.* Lilies, the best spotted, 30. unspotted, 30. the World Really Needs, 29.* Lilium auratum, 96, 212. candidum, 29,* 30, 212. elegans, 30. longiflorum, 30.* speciosum, 30. superbum, 212. testaceum, 30. tigrinum, 30. Lily, 29,* 212, 273. Annunciation, 29.* Bermuda, 30.* bulbs from Seeds, 29.* gold banded, 96.* Madonna, 29.* of-the-Nile, 27. of-the-Valley, 134, 135. of-the-valley-bush, 338. Lime haters, plants which are, 136. sulphur wash, 36, 64, 112. Recipe for, 112. Limy soil plants for, 136. Little Known Vegetables Worth Growing, 20.* Out- EN DE alr @© Lobelia cardinalis, 80,* 180. syphilitica, 210. Lotus, 79. corniculatus, 135. Love-entangled, 135. Love-lies-bleeding, 140. Lysimachia nummularia, 246. McCollom, William C., article by, 12. photographs by, 13, 14. McColm, G. E., photographs by, 282, 283. Viola, article by, 282. McDonald, J., photograph by, 138. MacElwee, Alexander, article by, 180. McFarland Co., J. H., photographs by, 133, 134, 135, 268, 269, 292. Madia elegans, 140, 246, 304. Magnolia, 266,* 292.* All the, Worth Growing, 266.* acuminata, 267. Alexandrina, 266. cordata, 269. cyathiformis, 266. Fraseri, 267. feetida, 269. fuscata, 269. Gallisonieri, 269. glauca, 267, 268. glauca, published as M. macrophylla, 269.* grandiflora, 267, 268,* 269. hypoleuca, 268. Kobus, 267, 268,* 269. Lennei, 266, 268.* macrophylla, 268. macrophylla, published as M. glauca, 269.* Norbertiana, 265, 292.* obovata, 266, 267. pumila, 267. Soulangeana, 266, 268.* speciosa, 266. spectabilis, 266. stellata, 267,* 268.* superba, 266. Thompsoniana, 268. tripetala, 267, 263. triumphans, 266. Watsoni, 268. Yulan, 266.* Making of a Water Garden, The, 78.* new varieties, 29.* Manure, barnyard, 69.* green, 68. Manuring trees, 69.* Maple flowers, 19.* March Flowers without a 18.* Marigold, 140, 141. Marsh-mallow, 80, 212. Mason, A., article by, 32.* Matteuccia Struthiopteris, 25. Matthiola, bicornis, 226.* incana, 139, I4I. Maze flower, 226. Meadow cranesbill, 135. Melon, 284. Mentzelia Lindleyi, 139. Mertensia pulmonarioides, 135. Mesembryanthemum crystallinum, 141- Michelmas daisies, 135, 211.* Michelia, 269. Mignonette, 27,* 148, 226. Mildew, 234. Milfoil, 135. Mimulus moschatus, 140. Miscanthus Sinensis, 136, 271.* Mistflower, 135. Mitella diphylla, 26. Miller, Louise Klein, article by, 100, 182. Wilhelm, article by, 29, 266. Greenhouse, RHE GARDEN MAGAZINE Moneywort, 246. Montgomery, Jr., A., article by, 238. Moon flower, 139. Moore, Clement, article by, 42. photograph by, 42. Mordaunt Laura French, article by, 18. photographs by, 18. More Garden Problems That We Want to Solve, 236. Morning glory, 27,* 139, 140. Mosnat, H. R., article by, 34 photograph by, 34. Moss pink, 135. Most Fragrant Annual Flowers, The, 226.* Mountain aster, 135. spurge, 135. M. T. R., article by, to. photographs by, ro, rr. Murray, Thomas, article by, 162. Musk, 140. Muskmelon, 155, 156. Myosotis palustris, 134, 135, 212. Narcissus, 145. Nasturtium, 88,* 139, 140, 141, 190. seeds for pickles, 88. Nemophila insignis, 140. New Remedy for the Chicken Nuisance, A., 9o. Type of American Rose, A., 238. Nickerson, Abbie S., article by, 86. Nicotiana alata, 27. decurrens, 27. Tabacum, 140. Nitrate of soda, 117-c. Not All Sentiment and Roses, 265. Nothing Venture, Nothing Have, so. Novelties and varieties, 194. Nymphea Amazonum, 323. ampla, 323. cerulea, 323. Capensis, 323.* Devoniensis, 79. elegans, 323. flavo-virens, 322, 324. gigantea, 322. Lotus, 79. Mrs. C. W. Ward, 321. Pennsylvania, 322,* 323. pulcherrima, 323. stellata, 322. StuhImannii, 324. Sturtevantil, 79. sulphurea, 324. Wm. Stone, 321, 322.* Zanzibariensis, 321, 322,* 323.* (Enothera ameena, 140, I41. Missouriensis, 135. Old Palm Re-discovered, An, 284.* Onion, 72, 156, 283. culture, new, 92. Opuntia Rafinesquii, 135. Orchard Fruits in a Rented Garden, 12.* Orchard, T. S., article by, 178. Orchards, 276,* 277,* 279.* Orchids, 42,* 62,* 63,* 94.* Order early, 61. Osmunda Claytoniana, 25, 26. spectabilis, 25. Peonia albiflora, 212. officinalis, 212. tenuifolia, 212. Pachysandra procumbens, 135. Palafoxia, 140. Palms, 304. Palm, weeping, 284.* Pampas grass, 270. Pandanus, 352. Pansy, 137,* 139, 140, 141. Papaver nudicale, 135, 212. Rheeas, 140. Parasitic fly, 348.* Paris green, 151. Parrot’s feather, 79. Parsley, 72, 155, 330.* Parsnips, 156, 283.* Pasque flower, 135. Path, 138.* Pea lice, 150. Peas, 20,* 21,* 72, 155, 156, 283, 3175 3325 333- Peaches in sod, 68.* Pear, dwarf, 13.* slugs, 66. Pellza atropurpurea, 25. Pennisetum, 306. longistlyum, 136, 271. Ruppellii, 271. villosum, 136, 271. Pentstemon diffusus, 135. barbatus, 135. Peonies, 145, 212. Pepper, 155, 283, 325,* 326.* bush, 338. growing quality, 326. Periwinkle, 135, 138.* Perennials for Late Summer Flowers, 186.* protected, 149. retarding, 210. Petroleum emulsion, 64. Petunia, 141, 304. Phalaris arundinacea, 137, 271. Phegopteris polypodioides, 25. Phlox, 27, 140, 141, 145, 212. ameena, 135. divaricata, 135. Drummondi, 140, 141. paniculata, 21. subulata, 133, 135. Phyllitis Scolopendrium, 26. Phyllostachys aurea, 272. nigra, 272. viridi-glaucescens, 272. Phylloxera, 232. Physalis, 224. Pickles, 223. Pictorial Diary of a Beginner’s Garden, A. 10.* Pierce Co., C. C., photographs by, 284, 286. Pieris floribunda, 136, 334,* 336. Japonica, 136, 338. Mariana, 338. Pink, 139. Pinxter flower, 340. Pistol case bearers, 36. Plan, backyard garden, 27. Hardy borders, 145,* 147,* 212.* radial Garden, 12.* Plantain lily, 135. Plant breeding, 242. food most needed, 70.* Planting water-lilies, 80. Plant lice, 150,* 151.* Plants, month of flowering, 135. Plaster for land, 352. Platycodon, 27. grandiflorum, 138, 145, 212. Plumbago Larpenta, 135. Poisons, 151. Poker plant, 138. Polemonium caruleum, 28. reptans, 135. Polystichum acrostichoides, 25. Braunii, 25. Polypteris Hookeriana, 140. Pond, F. H., article by, 52. photograph by, 52. Poppies, 27, 148, 164. as Cut Flowers, 164. Poppy, 140, 212. Poppy mallow, 135. Portable Tomato Trellis, A., 228.* Window Forcing Box Heated by Gas ihe TR Portulaca grandiflora, 134, 140, I4!. Posts for trellises, 12. Potatoes, 72, 75,8 143.8 144,* 156, 158, 160, 283, 330- baking 144. in Eight Weeks, 75.* Planting, 158. sprouting tray, 75.* steaming, 144. sweet, 156. Powell, I. L., article by, 213. Pussy willows, 18.* Prepare for Fall and Winter Vegetables, 342- Preserves, 223, 225. Prickly pear, 135. Propagating water-lilies, 324. spireas, 244. Protection from frosts, 276.* winter, 276. Pruning berry bushes, 50, 129. errors 1M, 132. fruit trees, 13, 129. grapes, 129, 221,* 222.* raspberries, 328.* shade trees, 242. shrubs, 50, 129, 132. trees, 242. vines, 61. Pteridium aquilinum, 25. Pueraria Thunbergiana, 240.* Pumpkin, 155, 284. Purves, B. P. C., article by, 176. Quality Lettuces for the Home Garden, 318.% Potatoes for the Home Table, 143.* Radial garden plan, 12.* Radish, 156, 282,* 283,* 284, 317, 330, 332, 333- Rain lily. 273.* Rantankerous Brood of Aphides, The, 150.% Ranunculus acris- 135. Raspberries, 327,* 328,* 329,* Blackberries and Dewberries, 327.* Reading Course on Pruning, A, 50. Recent discoveries, 284.* Record Breaking Nasturtium, A, 190.* Red cranesbill, 135. spider, 215. Reed, 270. Rented garden, 12.* Repairing the Lawn, 117-c. Reseda odorata, 139, 226. Rhodanthe, 140. Rhododendron beds, 334. Rhododendrons, 335.* Rhodora, 335. Rhubarb, 61, 129. fertilizer for, 61- Rhus Cotinus, 131, 132.* Robinson, N. W., photographs by, 23. Rock cress, 135. Rockery, 24,* 133.* Rock-loving Ferns in the Garden, 24. Rohn, Hedwig, photograph by, 176, 178. Rollers Made from Drain-pipes, 106.* Romance of a Lost Orchid, The, 62.* Rose, 27, 238, 265. bugs, 346. chafer, 329. garden, 342. MOss, 140, I4I. Rosemary, 338. Rot, 234. INDEX TO THE GARDEN MAGAZINE Round-up of the Garden Peppers, A, 325.* R. T. F., article by, 273. Ruellia ciliosa, 135. Rue, wall, 26.* Rutabaga, 342. Sage, 137. Salvia, 27, 135, 137, 304. Sanderson, E. Dwight, articles by, 64, 150, 288, 346. photographs by, 64, 67, 150, 151, 288, 346, 347- Salpiglossis, 27. Sanguinaria Canadensis, 134.* San José Scale, remedies for, 64.* Santolina chamecyparissus, 137. Sauromatum, 27. Saw-fly, 329. Saxifrage, 135, 136.* Scale, oyster shell, 64. scurfy, 64. Schizonotus discolor, 207.* Schizopetalon Walkeri, 226. School gardening, 100, 182. Scirpus cernuus, 271. Scott, James I., article by, 133, 174, 332- Seakale, 61. Sea lavendar, 135. Sea pink, 135. Secrets of Growing Good Sweet Peas, The, 170. a Sedums, 135. Seed, penny packets of, roo. Self-heal, 135. Setting Out the Summer Bedding Plants, 300. Seven Delights of March, 104. Shady Places, Plants for, 246. Shasta daisy, 145. Shooting star, 135. Shrubs, 242. Silene Armeria, 140. Silver-tuft, 135. Small gardens, 148 greenhouse, 176.* Smokebush, 131, 132.* Snapdragon, 148, 149. Sneezeweeds, 211. Sneezewort, 212. Soil, 82, 84, 334- Some Suggestive Gardens, 152.* Sowing Sweet Peas for Succession, 172.* Speedwell, 135. Spencer, James H., article by, 172. photographs by, 170, 172. Spider wort, 27. Spinach, 155, 317, 3315 333, 344: Spikegrass, 272. Spirea, 27, 130,* 206,* 244. Spireea alba, 209. albiflora, 207.* 209 Anthony Waterer, 208. arguta, 207. arizfolia, 207.* Billardii, 209. bracteata, 208. Bumalda, 208. callosa, 208, 209. Cantoniensis, 208. crenata, 208. Douglasi, 209. Japonica, 208. Lenneana, 207.* Menziesii, 207.* prunifolia, 208 2 rotundifolia, 208. Thunbergi, 206,* 207. tomentosa, 209. Van Houttei, 131,* 207,* 208. Spleenwort, 24,%* Spray Grapes Three Times in July, 346.* Spraying apparatus, 64,* 65,* 67.* codling moth, 65. Spraying grapes, 350.* lime-sulphur wash for, 112, 129. Paris green for, 66. pears, 66. profits of, 66. roses, 129. rust, scab and rot, 65. the Home Garden, 64.* Squash, 74, 155, 156, 282,* 283, 284, 317, 3312p Sshetc Stachys lanata, 135. Stagger bush, 338. Stakes, 340. Starting Cannas and Dahlias, 188. Statice latifolia, 135. Stocks, 139, 141, 226.* Stokesia cyanea, 135. Stone crop, 135. Strawberry bed, care, 61. Straw mats, 23.* Strip Between Fence and Sidewalk, 34.* Succession of flowers in window garden, 15. hardy flowers, 145. Suggestions, 98, 236. Suggestive Gardens, 152.* Superior Home-grown Grapes, 220.* Sure Way to Have Grapes Free from Blemish, 232. Sweet alyssum, 137, 141, 145. flag, 137. pea, 139, 141, 148, 170,* 172, 174. Peas Worth Growing, 174. sultan, 139. William, 27, 135, 212. Swiss chard, 20.* Syringa Chinensis, 130. vulgaris, 130.* Tabor, I. G, article by, 146,* 212.* plans by, 147,* 212.* Tagetes patula, 14r. Talauma pumila, 267. Tarweed, 140, 246, 304. Taylor, H. G., article by, 145,* 274.* photographs by, 145, 274, 275- plans by, 145. Tecoma radicans, 306. Tender Day Blooming Water Lilies, The, 221.* AeneN i aitecaeDayGardect A, 71.* Texas, University of, photographs by, 273. Thalictrum aquilegifolium, 135. Things Worth Trying, 304. Thuya occidentalis, 136. Thyme, 135. Thymus Serphyllum, 135. Tiarella cordifolia, 26. Tibbets, H. C., photograph by, 78. Tickseed, 135. Tiger lily, 145. Tilling, fertilize by, 69,* 277.* the Home Orchard, 276.* Toad lily, 135, 211 Tobacco, 27, 140, 151, 290. Tomatoes, 20, 21,* 74, 155, 156, 223,* 224, 225,* 230, 284, 331.* as a Wall Fruit, 230. training, 223.* trellis, 228.* Torenia Fournieri, 140. Tree Names, 246, Trees and shrubs, 50, 292.* Trees in sod, 69. Trellis, 221,* 222,* 228.* Tricyrtis hirta, 135, 211. Tropzolum, 139, 140, 141. Troth, H., photographs by, 9, 15, 16, 61, 79, 80, 88, 130, 136, 137, 138, 142, 1$2, 153, 154, 186, 206, 208, 209, 267, 271, Zifers) eK) hap) 313}5)2 Truth About Early Orders, The, 61.* Tulips, 27. Turnips, 151, 156, 331, 332, 333» 342- Turtle head, 186.* Two crops, 146. Ingenious Window Gardens, 15.* Umbrella plant, 28, 136. tree, 267. Uniola latifolia, 272.* Unusual Tomatoes Pickles, 223.* U. S. Dept. of Agriculture, photographs by, 30, 318, 319, 32¢, 321. for Preserves and Vegetable Garden, An 8 x 30, 32.* Garden in the Semi-arid Region, A, 282.* Vegetables, 71,* 72,* 73,* 74,* 155, 158, 330,* 332,* 342. late planting, 330. storage of, 104, 342. worth growing, 20,* 21.* Verbena, 27, 300,* 304. Vermont Experiment Station, photographs by, 29, 138. Veronica incana, 135. Vinca minor, 135, 138.* Vines, 240,* 306. Viola cornuta, 135, 138.* tricolor, 140, 141. Virginia creeper, 24, 304. Wallflower, 248. Wall-rue, 26.* Walking fern, 25.* Walks, 61. Washingtonia filifera, 284.* robusta, 286.* Water gardens, 78,* 79,* 80.* hyacinth, 78, 79. Water-lilies, 79, 322,* 323.* from seed, 324. under glass, 324.* Water-poppies, 79. Webster and Albee, photographs by, 207. Weed, C. M., photographs by, 65. seeds, killing, 84. Weeks, Grace L., article by, 190. photographs by, 190. Weigela rosea, 246. Whale oil soap, 64, 129, 151. Whitlock, Gertrude L., article by, 19. photographs by, 19. Wild Lady’s-Slipper Tamed, The, 94.* Wild rosemary, 340. Willcox, E. E., article by, 218. photographs by, 218, 219. Willows, pussy, 182* Windflower, 134, 135.* Window garden, 15,* 16,* 17,* 84, 294. Wish-bone flower, 140. Witch hazel, 131, 132.* W. M., article by, 293. Wonderful Things You Can Do With a Hotbed, 9.* Wood anemone, 135. ashes for garden, 61, 117-c, 166. ripening, 278. Wood-Ward, article by, go. Woodsia Ilvensis, 26. obtusa, 26. Woolson, G. A., article by, 24. Woundwort, 135. Xeranthemum annuum, 140. Yarrow, 135. Yucca filamentosa, 136. Zenobia speciosa, 338- ; Zephyranthes, 273- Zinnia, 141. { ot : \ a oe ea be Hie y Racer Dwarf Fruit Trees Uncommon Vegetables March Flowers February New Lilies We Need Making Hotbed Mats Window Gardens 1 ) C ° 1906 Orchids Without Expense Fern Rockeries A Garden for Children $1.00 per Year COVNTRYLIFE 3% DOVBLEDAY.PAGE*CO (@) — THE worRLDs > IN AMERICA- 133135137 EAST 16TH ST-NEW YORK ‘s - WORK + the Home Garden | | DIRECTIONS HOW TO GROW THEM IN YOUR OWN YARD THE SITE. Sunny and free from the close neighborhood of trees. Southern exposure desirable. THE SOIL. A deep loam is best. Well drained ground is essential. THE BED. Dig toa depth of about fifteen inches—fill with mixture three parts rich loam (found under the sod in any pasture) and one part well rotted cow manure. Mix thoroughly—so that the roots of roses are not in direct contact with the manure. Then wet the roots of the rose bushes thoroughly before planting—place bush in position and tramp soil down thoroughly with the feet. NOW COMES THE IMPORTANT POINT. Don’t plant weak slips that come from hot houses and will not stand the change to the open air. Plant good, strong mature rose bushes, Unless you do—all the directions in the world will do no good. WATERING. Necessary in dry weather—and copious; a gallon to a plant. Break up soil frequently. In mid-summer cover bed with two inches of old manure to keep the moisture in. CUTTING. Pick as freely as possible—with long stems—to a joint at least two eyes below flower. How You Can Make Success Sure—Plant Mature Rose Bushes—Use the Heller Method Now as to what constitutes a rose in perfect condition for planting, and to give you the proper information on this we must tell you the different steps through which we take them before we ship them out for garden culture, and to show you how different these plants are from the many thousands of little rose slips which are yearly sent out at fifteen to twenty for a dollar, and which have caused more discourage- ment to the amateur than anything else, for success with them, or even a moderate amount of success, is impossible. The cuttings are then put in sand in especially prepared beds where they are left for several weeks to form roots. They are then taken ovt and potted into soil in very small pots. Now they are in the condition of the “twenty for one dollar kind’”—the little slips you may have bought before—but we do not stop here. We put them into a larger pot, three inches in diameter, and leave them in these for several weeks. They are then taken and planted out in the field where we leave them about a year, and in the case of some varieties even two years. They are then again taken up and placed in the cool greenhouses, where they are kept in a partially dormant condition. Now they are ready for you—ready to go ahead and grow quickly and produce hundreds of beautiful flowers. Our new catalog will give you much interesting information—much that we would like to tell you here, but cannot for want of space. It will also tell you all about the many new American and foreign kinds, and give you information as to how to design your garden and your rose beds. HELLER BROTHERS 961 SOUTH MAIN STREET NEW CASTLE, IND. FEBRUARY, 1906 and 37th Street THE GARDEN MAGAZINE TIFFANY & CoO. Comparison of Prices Tiffany & Co. always welcome a comparison of prices and an examination of thei merchandise. This applies to their entire stock of rich as well as inexpensive jewelry, silverware, watches, clocks, bronzes, fine pottery, glassware and other artistic objects, on all of which their prices are as reasonable as is consistent with the standard of quality and workmanship strictly maintained by the house Upon advice as to requirements and limit of price, Tiffany & Co. will send photographs or careful descriptions of what their stock affords, free of all obligation to purchase To persons known to the house, or to those who will make themselves known by reference from any national bank or responsible business house, Tiffany & Co. will send a selection from their stock Fifth Avenue New York Formerly at Union Square Tiffany & Co. 1906 Blue Book will be sent to in- tending purchasers without charge. This catalogue contains no illustrations It is a compact little volume of 530 pages and over 6,000 suggestions of jewelry, silver- ware and choice artistic objects suit- able for wedding or other gifts, with the minimum and max- imum prices at which they may be purchased Mail Order Department Tiffany & Co.’s re- moval to their new building, Fifth Av- enue and Thirty- seventh Street, has enabled them to materially increase the scope and fa- cilities of their Mail Order Department. Patrons unable to visit the establish- ment are assured expeditious service and the same care- ful attention as is given to purchases made in person Tiffany & Co. are strictly retailers. They do not em- ploy agents or sell their wares through other dealers THE GARDEN MAGAZINE FEBRUARY, 1906 ) Twenty Years’ Experience in close practical touch with large and small estates in all parts of the country enables us to offer to every owner of Grounds and Gardens our special help in Designs and suggestions for the improvement of such, and with greater economy and saving than can be secured in any other way. We study to meet the individual requirements of each place, and supply both Plansand Material in the most economical manner. ‘{ Whether in Iowa or Maine our practical suggestions enable you to plant your Lawn, your Garden, or any other portion of your place, with a great saving, and we ask you to write us and we will help you, giving our time to accomplish something for you in a practical and pains- taking fashion. {{ We send men of experience at any time at nominal rates to advise upon every leading question of Land- scape work. Drainage, House location, Road making, Formal and old-fashioned Gardens and every feature of Landscape work, we give close and careful attention to. We will refer to many hundreds of private properties which we have brought to perfection. {] Our Nurseries are among the largest in the United States, and we ask but one profit in supplying our clients, selling at lowest rates possible. We offer every known hardy form of e Trees, Shrubs, Rhododendrons, Evergreens, Herbaceous Plants, Vines, Dahlias, ; Bulbs, Ete. at prices which, after you investigate, will attract your close attention. § If you have any problem to solve; any diffi- culty to meet in the way of Landscape work and Gardening we are willing to assist, and will be elad to have you write us. From all parts of the country we have had inquiries in past seasons and with good results, and we invite correspondence with those who wish’aid of an expert character. , WRITE US, FOR CATALOGUES, which are the most valuable printed. THE SHADY HILE- NURSERY CO} 155 Milk Street, Corner Broad BOSTON, MASS. The Gardentlagazine EQ No. 4 Combined Drill are known and used the world over, because they make Planting, Hoeing and Cultivating easy. Ournew 1906 Catalog describes and illus- trates Seeders, Wheel Hoes, Harrows, Riding Cultivators (one and two row), Sugar Beet and Orchard Cultivators, etc. No. 4 Planet Jr. is the most popular combined tool made. A per- fect seeder, wheel hoe, weeder, cultivator and plow. ntinuous rows or in hills 4, 6, 8, 12 or 24 inches apart. Easily changed and is useful at every stage of the garden work. No, 12 Double Wheel Hoe will enable you to hoe every day two acres of onions or any similar crop and do it faster and better than three men with hand hoes. It runs either astride or between the rows and kills all weeds. Our 1906 Catalog shows many garden scenes at home and abroad that will interest you. S. Th. /NIEIEADIN & CO: Box 1108 S, Philadelphia, Pa. Be sure and get it. We mail it free on request. HEALTHY, NATIVE-GROWN FRUIT TREES ORNAMENTAL TREES, VINES, SHRUBS, ETC. It pays you many times over to take pains to get reliable and healthy stock. The well-known Dwyer stock can always be relied on, for it is all selected stock, grown on our home grounds and receiving constant expert inspection. JVE GUARANTEE that every specimen is true to name, free from disease, and sure to grow. We also do landscape gardening. Write now for our FREE ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE T. J. DWYER & COMPANY, N. Y- Box 4, Cornwall, VERYONE will want this phenomenal new rose this year. Blooms outside all summer and inside all winter. Never without flowers, throwing truss after truss of huge bouquet-like clusters of forty to sixty flowers each. Indi- vidual flowers and trusses larger and brighter crimson than Crimson Rambler. Hardy as an oak. Insect-proof. SPECIAL OFFER of this Gold Medal Rose at this low price to get my catalogue of 7oo varieties of seeds and 100 kind of bulbs in hands of flower lovers. STRONG, GUARANTEED PLANTS, isc EACH, 2 FOR 25 5 FOR POSTPAID TWO-YEAR-OLD PLANTS, 40c EACH, 3 FOR §1.00. MISS MARY E. MARTIN, FLORAL PARK, NEW YORK A choice collection PA Oana Sie eee select from. The destin the world. Lists free. E. J. SHAYLOR, Wellesley Hills, Mass. NEW, RARE AND BEAUTIFUL PLANTS From the World Over Choicest Palms, Ferns, and all Deco- rative stock; Tropical Fruit and Econo- mic Trees; Bamboos, Orange Trees, Conifers, Aquatics, etc. Established in 1883. Send for unique and interesting Catalogue. Our naturally grown plants are much superior to hothouse stock in every way. Wesend by mail, express and freight to all parts of the world, every week in the year—safely. REASONER BROS., PRICES: 50c, Ferry’s Seeds are best because 50 successful years have been spent in their development—half a century of expert care in making them superior to all others We are specialists in growing flower _and vegetable seeds. 1906 Seed Annual free. D. M. FERRY & CO., Detroit, Mich. FERRYS SEEDS ONECO, FLORIDA | BIG PRIZES TO SEED USERS RITE for our interesting 1906 Cata- logue of Seeds for the garden, farm and /awn, and read pages 2,3 and 4. Get the book and vead z+—the quicker the better for you. It tells how you can secure S FREE These are our specialties of unusual value, offered with the view of acquainting seed users with their rare merit. Read the full details of these striking offers in our free catalogue bfore you invest a penny in seeds. Our catalogue zei/s the plain truth about seeds and quotes pric-s on eve y variety you can possibly want. We want everybody to get the benefit of these splendid offers. GRAIN GROWERS’ $1,000,00 CONTEST If you plant wheat, corn or oats, read page 2 of the free catalogue and learu how you can compete for the greatest prizes ever offered graiz growers. By all odds the most colossal Worth Vegetable or Flower Seeds prize competition ever conceived in this or any other country. OUR CATALOGUE IS FREE Address just like this NORTHRUP, KING & COMPANY 213 Northrup-King Bldg., Minneapolis, Minn. (QLIFORNIASEEDS are the besk WHY o > ra Because California’s superb growing cli- U) mate and soils insure a plumper seed with AT _ more vitality, and hence having positive germin- ating qualities. Beconvinced of this fact by sending 2 rial order for one or more of these superb collections of SURE-GROWING SEEDS Pkts. California Nasturtiums, all named, three tall and three dwarf » ‘ee varieties : E . : Pkts. California Sweet Peas, 6 the finest named strains, full 2 Ge weight 2 : . . Pkts. California Wild Flowers, 6 such as Escholtzia, Tidy-Tips, J G; Cream Cup, etc. F 3 The Three Collections only 50c. together with a copy of our monograph giving cultural ff directions, descriptions and illustrations of Cali- _ §)_ fornia flowers and vegetables, together with @ A) AUS) our special list of strong field-grown o: SES CALIFORNIA ROSES GLENDALE.CAL. It Is Worth While Buy a machine that does the work nght— that cleans its strainerautomatically with a brush, mixes liquid mechanically so that foliage is never burned, but gets its due proportion. Empire King, and Orchard Monarch do these things. They throw finest spray, are easiest to work and they never clog. You ought to know more about them. Write for instruction book on spraying, etc. Mailed free. IELD FORCE PUMP CO., No. 48 11th Street, Elmira, N. Y. A THRIELY GARDEN whether large or small, needs proper tools for seeding and cultivating. We make garden implements of all kinds, a tool for every purpose, MATTHEWS’ NEW UNIVERSAL HAND SEEDERS AND CULTIVATORS singly or combined with Hoes, Plows, Rakes, Markers, etc. Over 2ostyles. Free Book- let giving description, prices and valuable information mailed to any address. Send for ~ it now. Garden Tools for Every Purpose AMES PLOW CO., 20 Market Street, Boston, Mass. Tommi) THE FEBRUARY, 1966 GARDEN MAGAZINE Ge) Geeta > (ch. ects) | TI aan K (esee | -_ = RAAT EASA ON NEAT DWARF FRUIT TREE TRELLISES ARBORS, GARDEN ARCHES, FENCES, GATES The Espaliers and Trellises illustrated here are the most perfect form of supports for trained fruit trees and vines. They combine neatness with the requisite strength and give the garden a trim appearance. The Wall Espalier is constructed of steel upright supports, on which are bolted arms with pointed ends so that they can be driven into the seams of the wall between the bricks, thus insuring rigidity and strength. The wires are kept taut by means of ratchets at the ends of the Trellis. The Trellis illustrated below is built with heavy galvanized anchor posts and pipe top rail. The same construction as in the Wall Espalier is arranged for keeping taut the wires. Send for our illus- trated catalog No. 29 describing these in de- tail, also our Wrought Iron and Wire Fences, Entrance Gates, Tree Guards, Poultry Runs, Stock Paddocks, etc. THE ANCHOR F POST IRON “WORKS Te OLS Ga NEW for hand work. Free your trees and vines of injurious insects by use of the Auto-Spray No. 1, and the yield of apples, peaches, cherries, pears, grapes, currants, etc., will be largely increased. The Auto-Spray No. 1 is a 4-gallon cylinder of brass, 2 feet high and 7 inches in diameter, to which is attached a three-ply extra quality rubber hose with nozzle. Inside the brass cylinder is a solid brass air pump, simple in construc- tion and practically indestructable. Just a few strokes of the piston be- fore starting out compresses enough air in the cylinder to force out through the nozzle all the solution when the valve is open. Our patent valve is called the Auto-Pop, and with it the operator absolutely con- trols the amount of solution being used, at the same time automatically keeping the nozzle clean so it can’t possibly clog. AUTO-SPRAY No. 1. We manufacture the largest of hand or power prayers in America—em- bracing everything from hand atomizers to power sprayers for use on largest trees. Let us send you our free catalog and a copy of the most comprehen- Sive spraying calendar ever issued. E. C. BROWN & CO., 34 Jay Street, Rochester, N. Y. Five New Vegetables which are offered in Dreer’s Garden Book For 1906 Early Model Beet. A beautiful globe shape variety, rich blood red and matures very early. Pkt., ro cts.; 0z., 15 cts.; 14 lb., 40 cts., postpaid. Dreer’s Aristocrat Sugar Corn. The sweetest of all. Ears large Pkg., 10 cts.; pt., 30 cts.; qt., 50 cts., postpaid. May King Lettuce. Heads de- lightfully crisp and tender; quick growth, good for forcing or opening ground. Pkt., 10 cts.; 0z., 30 cts.; 14 lb., $1.00, postpaid. The Harbinger Pea. An Enzlish variety which is very dwarf but produces large pods in abundance. Peas are very tender and sweet. Pkt., 10 cts.: pt., 33 cts.; qt., 55 cts., postpaid. Dreer’s Earliest Cluster Tomato. The earliest and best extra early variety. Pro- duces fruits in immense clusters and the quality is excellent. Pkt., 15 cts.; 44 0z., 30 cts.; 0z., 50 cts.; % lb., $1.50, postpaid. We will send postpaid one packet each of the above five grand vegetables for 40 cts., and also to all who order any of the above seeds a copy of Dreer’s Garden Book for 1906 A handsome book of 224 "pages, with six colored plates of Vegetables and Flowers and contain- ing the most complete list of SEEDS, PLANTS, BULBS, etc.,ever offered. It will also be sent free to all applicants who mention this magazine. HENRY A. DREER 714 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pa. and mature early. OTHING will make the Home Grounds so cheerful, attractive and interesting, at low cost, as 5 Teta Herbaceous Plants, yielding as they do, a wealth of flowers of an almost endless variety of form and color from early spring until late autumn—not only during ‘the first year but for many years—from a single planting, and increasing in beauty as the years pass by. They flourish in almost ev ery soil, need but little care, and it requires no special knowledge to succeed with them. That those who have never ordered of me may, at a small outlay, learn of the excellence of my Hardy Herbaceous Plants, I offer the following special collections by mail post-paid, all well- developed plants which will bloom freely the first season ; 12 Double Hollyhocks, all different $1.00 10 Day Lilies, no two alike ......... $1.00 12 Hardy Phlox, no two alike ( 5 Columbines, no two alike ......... 15 German Iris, choicest sorts - 6 Foxgloves, no two alike 10 Hardy Pink, choicest varieties. . 6 Hardy Sunflowers, no two alike 12 Hardy Chrysanthemums, named. 6 Rudbeckias, no two alike.. 6 Larkspurs, no two alike. 6 Veronicas, choice named . “ 12 Hardy Asters, no two alike 10 Hardy Grasses, 5 kinds, two ofa kind 1, 6 Japanese Anemones, no two alike 10 Kitchen Perennials, 5 kinds. Mes q All are choice named varieties. I will send the 16 collections by Express for $10, purchaser paying charges. {J My special catalogue of Hardy Her- baceous Plants, a beautiful book of 50 pages, which truthfully describes and illustrates a most complete assortment of these charming flowers (over one thousand varieties), is replete with information useful to all interested in floriculture; free by mail for the asking. J. T. LOVETT, LITTLE SILVER, NEW JERSEY THE Poultry, Kennel and Live Stock Directory Information about the selection or care of dogs, poultry and live stock will be gladly given. Address INFORMATION DEPARTMENT, THE GARDEN MAGAZINE, 133 E. 16th St, New York GARDEN MAGAZINE FEBRUARY, 1906 for sale, of all varieties for breeding or exhibition. 2 GEDNEY FARM POULTRY YARDS S. C. Buff Orpingtons White Wyandottes S. C. Black Muinorcas Yards stocked with birds of the most noted prize-winning strains in America. ,000 to select from. FRANK W. GAYLOR, Manager, White Plains, N. Y. Old and young stock Are you willing to give four pair of our PURE-BLOOD HOMER SQUAB BREEDERS atrial? If sosend us a five-dollar bill and we will forward four pair of A-1 mated Homers. This trial order will convince you of the quality of our stock. As it will be impossible to fill or- ders at the present low price when the spring ff season opens, we will ship now, or book for shipment, all orders received before March ist at the following low prices: 12 pair, $18 3} 25 pair, 830; 50 pair, 857; 100 palr,| can assure that we can take car : ders an ive absolute satisfaction, at a price away below the regular. Our White Wyandottes have again been winners during the show season just closed. Should you perhaps be in need of a good Trio, Male bird, or a few Hens or Pullets, we can serve | @ayou. Thisis the best time to order your eggs | for hatching purposes, as it will insure prompt | gm delivery when desired. Prices, $3 for one or $5 = for two Settings of 15 eggs each. Let us kno0z wants and we shall be Pleased to fur ht all information desired. TRUE WHITE POULTRY YARDS x STEWART & LOEBER. Mm Office, 1717 Walnut Street, Milwaukee, Wis. Greider’s Fine Catalog of Prize-Winning Poultry for 1906. ‘his book is printed in several Beautiful Colors and is larger than ever. Contains a Fine Chromo of lifelike fowls. It illustrates and describes 60 varieties of poultry, ducks, geese, pigeons, etc. It shows best equipped poultry yards and houses—how to build houses; cure for diseases, and all kinds of information in- dispensable to poultry keepers. Send 10 cents for this noted book. P.H. GRFIDER, RHEEMS, PA. “The Breed that Lays is the Breed that Pays” Singie com White Leghorns | are the greatest layers known. We are the largest breeders in the world of this deservedly popular variety. A penof these fowls will make big money for you. A customer in 1904 bought two sittings from our special matings and raised from them a peu that won at the great Chicago Showin 1905. Our stock will win prizes for you in the hottest competition. Our Mating list for 1906 gives many pictures of our farm and birds. We want you to have a copy of this booklet. Send for it to-day. It is free. WHITE LEGHORN POULTRY YARDS €O., 2 ; Hooker St., Waterville,N.¥. ~* SHOEMAKER’S soon’: | POs akateaya and Almanae for 1906 contains 224 pages, with many fine colored plates of fowls true to life. It tells all about chickens, their care, diseases and remedies. All about incubators and how to operate them. All about poultry houses and howto build them. It’s really an encyclo- pzdia of chickendom. You needit. Price only 15 ci-. C. C. SHOEMAKER, Eox 457, Freeport, Iil. Rhode Island Reds WHITE AND BARRED ROCKS, WHITE WYANDOTTES AND LEGHORNS, LIGHT BRAHMAS Hardy, prolific, farm bred, pure stock. For RIRDS (moderate prices) or “EGG to HATCH” at eight cents each, write WALTER SHERMAN Meadowslope, Newport, R. I. al, costs but little. A safe guide to beginners, in- § ble to old poultry raisers. We teach you how to make any plot of ground, large orsmall, pay a sure dividend of from 25 to 50 per cent on the investment. Individual attention given each student. Write for free booklet telline how to make poultry pay. COLUMBIA SCHOOL OF POULTRY CULTURE, 158 Harvey Bldg., Waterville, N. Y. WM. COOK & SONS Originators of all the Orpington Fowls » Box 33, SCOTCH PLAINS, N. J. If you want to keep the best fowls you must keep Orpingtons, and if you want the best of these you must send to their originators, who naturally have the best. By far the largest winners wherever we exhibit. Illustrated catalogue,70 pages, 10 cents to cover postage. OrpPINGTON PouLtTRY JOURNAL, 5 Cts.; yearly, 60 cts. Inspection of farms cordially invited. Trains met. Advice free Eggs in Winter Your hens will lay freely when they are properly housed and have the right food. Write for our free lustrated Poultry Supply Book that tells about our “‘ Vigor”? Foods, Cyphers’ Incubators and Brooders and other Poultry Helps. Johnson & Stokes 217-2 19 [larket Street Philadelphia YOUR LUCKY STAR never brought you greater success than will STAR Incubators and Brooders They make poultry raising profitable, easy and certain. Sold ona guarantee that makes you safe. Free catalog tells why. Write. STAR INCUBATOR CO. 682 Church Street. Bound Brook, N. J, EYSTONE INCUBATOR has “‘ success”? stamped all over it. You’ll know wuy when you leam How it’s built and operates. New ; catalog tells wHy and How. Free. Write for it today. THE DIEHL-SCHILLING Box 610. Easton. Pa. co. Green Bone INTO Greenbacks by feeding your hens green bone cut with the modern Stearns 22% Cutter Cuts hard or soft bones, meats, vegetables—quicker, better, easier than any other. Our 30 days free trial offer will prove it. In- eresting booklet free. &.C. Stearns & Co., Box 2, Syracuse, N.Y. BEES FOR FERTILIZING BLOSSOMS If you raise fruit, vegetables or flowers, you cannot obtain the best results without bees to fertilize the blossoms. They pay well in honey with little care. A booklet on managing bees mailed for ro cents. Catalog free. My business is furnishing bees and Apiarian supplies. Visitors welcome at my Apiaries. Our Italian bees are not cross. I. J. STRINGHAM, 105 Park Place, N. Y. APIARIES, GLEN COVE, L. I. SPRING LAWN FERTILIZER Sheep manure is unequalled for top dressing the lawn in early spring. Spread on while the ground is still frozen, the early spring rains will wash in the fertilizing elements ready for the young roots immediately growth starts. There is no danger of carrying in weed seeds if sheep manure is used. 10 Ibs., 35c; 50 Ibs., $1.00; 100 fbs., $1.50; perton, $25.00 New City, N. Y.- CAIRNSMUIR FARM Kiln Dried and Pul- eep Manure. vesics. Best known fertilizer for lawn or garden. Large barrel full (more than _4 wagon loads of ordinary manure) freight prepaid east of Denver, $4.00. No weeds. No odor. Dormant Sod Co., 19 Union Stock Yards, Chicago. The Only Fertilizer that will Satisfy You Blatchford’s Garden Fertilizer BLATCHFORD’S CALF MEAL FACTORY, Waukegan, Ill IMPERIAL ICE Pies Best and Cheapest of its Kind. A Labor and Time Saver. Made in Four Sizes $12.00 to $20.00 Net Send for Snow-Plow and Ice Tool Circular J. S. WOODHOUSE; 191 and 195 Water Street - New York D. and GC. Roses are the best. Always on their own roots. Plants mailed to any point in the United States. Safe arrival guaranteed. Over 50 years’ experi- ence. Flower and Vegetable Seeds a specialty. A premium with every order. Write for NEW GUIDE TO ROSE CULTURE for 1906—the leading rose catalogue of America. 116 pages. Mailed FREE. De- scribes over 1.000 varieties. Tells how to grow them and all other desirable flowers. Fstablished 1850. 70 greenhouses. ; THE DINGEE & CONARD CO. _- - West Grove, Pa. K FRUIT BOOK shows in NATURAL COLORS and accurately describes 216 varieties of fruit. Send for our liberal terms of distri- bution to planters.—Stark Bro’s, Louisiana. Ma. ° Ileadquarters for SEEDS, BULBS, PLANTS, CACTUS Everbearing Crimson Winter Rhubarb < 15 choice plants, our selection, all different, for ®1.00 Special 20 varieties Cactus and Sueeculents for #1.00 — Mail Offer Venture Begonia, 1 packet Good Venture Geranium, 1 packet Rare Stocks for 12 plants of Crimson Winter Rhubarb for $1.50 1 packet seeds Shasta Daisy, 1 packet Good 25 Send roc. for Catalogue and Special Crimson Rhubarb Circular Mention this Magazine. THEODOSIA B. SHEPHERD CO., Ventura, (al. 10 Main 8t. Newark, N. ¥- Shrubs, Roses, etc., from grower to planter. Free Book, 62 pages, gives prices, describes 528 varieties, tells how to plant and care for them. Cuts from both sides of limb and does not bruise the bark. We pay Ex- press charges on all orders. W rite for circular and prices. BRHODES MFG. C6. f 431 West Bridge St., Grand Rapids, Mich, FEBRUARY, 1906 THE GARDEN MAGAZINE J Early Crops Mean Big Prices The sooner your early vegetables are on the market, the higher the prices they command. You know this and you know also that our : . es row fastest, mature earliest, and make largest crops. Hardy Northern Grown Seeds Sion know why. The Northern BOWING Seaton ie Noten plants grow quicker and mature sooner. This makes them strong and sturdy. ‘heir vitality is greater. ‘Their seeds sprout very quickly, grow very rapidly and mature in the shortest possible time. ‘This means early crops. Early crops mean first markets, and first markets mean fancy prices. ‘I'ry it yourself and see. TAKE POTATOES 1 We grow all the popular varieties, but Our Extra Early Petoskey is the fastest grower— * the quickest to mature—the biggest producer. You can get them on the market from two to three weeks ahead of all other varieties. And the potatoes are big, tempting beauties—snow white, mealy and delicious eating. FOR 25 CENTS (stamps or coin) we will send you a big Petoskey Potato and our complete catalog of Hardy Northern Grown Seeds. Catalog alone FREE. Write to-day and get your seed in the ground early. You won’t be sorry. Remember you can prove all we say if you act promptly and send at once. DARLING & BEAHAN, 402 Michigan Street, PETOSKEY, MICH. ee a DOVBLEDAY PAGE «CO NEW YORK A NEW kind of maga- zine for the Farmer of to-day, beautifully illus- trated, telling interestingly and simply what every farmer should know. |Amenican Farming An Illustrated Home Magazine Devoted to the Living and Growing Things on the Farm ae THE BEST WE ARE CONVINCED IS NOT “TOO GOOD FOR THE FARMER.” | 4 WHY YOU NEED “AMERICAN | FARMING” (1) It will lay special emphasis on the farm home. It will not only help to show how to make a living, but how to get the most satisfaction | SPECIAL NOTICE and happiness from farm life. CmitienllU nei esnecially strong. onc domesiie | AMERICAN FARMING will be the fourth magazine . . | D bl J 1 Br con Norseas chess wine, pouliey, aid €6 onl oubleday, Page & Company have started. Invariably (3) It will describ Z See ee | the first numbers have gone ‘‘out of print,’’ and the will describe men in every section who }f early issues have sold at a high premium. Begin with have succeeded, and will show just how they did it. oh a A cae ¥ Number One and send your $1.00 NOW. Here is a (4) Farming as practised throughout the States | subscription blank. will be adequately treated. H (5) While thoroughly up-to-date in theory, | and using to the full the knowledge gained by the scientists, it will be eminently practical. (6) Schools, roads, irrigation, systems of storing and marketing, telephones, etc., will be covered elaborately. (7) In a word, with the broadest field and the most inspiring subject there is in America, AMERICAN FARMING will combine beauty and | practical helpfulness as does its: most successful forerunner, THE GARDEN MAGAZINE. ae fjo----------: GUT OFF HERE? ='s=>>- =: == |S a RT DousLepay Pace & Company, 133-137 East 16th St., New York City. Enclosed find $1.00, for which send AMERICAN FARMING for One year to [G. M., 2,’06] The Garden Magazine JO Je, II UW AIRC, ILO OE COUN ES Ni ies! PAGE Cover DrsIGN—CattLevA HARDYANA Clement Moore THE GARDENER’S REMINDER - - 9 A PictorRIAL DIARY OF A BEGINNER’S GARDEN) - - = Nik Sl IR Ke) Photographs by the Author ORCHARD FRuItTSs IN A RENTED GAR- DEN - - William C. McCollom Photographs by the Author and by E. M. Boult al NS Two INGENIOUS WINDOW GARDENS. - I. E. R. Johnson II, E. A, Eames Sats Photographs by the Authors Marcu Frowers Wirnout A GREEN- HOUSE - = = = = = TI. Laura French Mordaunt 18 IT. Gertrude L. Whitlock I Photographs by the Authors \o LittLe-KNOWN VEGETABLES WoRTH GROWING - - - I. M. Angell 2 Photographs by the Author ro) THE BUILDING OF A HOTBED - = E. L. Fullerton 22 Photographs by H. B. Fullerton HomrE-MApDE Straw Mats FOR THE HoTBEDS - - N.W. Robinson — 23 Photographs by the Author Rock-Lovinc FERNS IN THE GARDEN G. A. Woolson 24 Photographs by H. H. Swift and others Tue CHILD’s GARDEN = - Walter R. Beavis 27 Photographs by the Author Litirs THE WoRLD REALLY NEEDS - Wilhelm Miller 29 Photographs by the Vermont Experiment Station and U. S. Dept. of Agriculture AN Eicut-By-THIRTY VEGETABLE GARDEN - . - A. Mason 32 Photographs by the Author THE STRIP BETWEEN FENCE AND SIDE- WALK - - - HT. R. Mosnat 34 Photograph by the Author APpLE-TREE PESTS E. P. Feli 36 Photograph by the Author How I BrecamME AN ORCHID GROWER Clement Moore 42 Photograph by the Author WILHELM MILLER, Editor Copyright, 1906, by DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & COMPANY. Entered as second-class matter January 12, 1905, at the post-office at New York, N. Y., under the Act of Congress, March 3, 1879. THE GARDEN MAGAZINE FEBRUARY, 190 HE almost entire exclusion of the great wealth of hardy plants from American gardens in favor of a few—hardly a score—of tender ones has so impoverished them of all real beauty as to make them monotonous. In almost every garden are seen the same stereotyped carpet and ribbon beds, mere lines of color, that are as unchanging during their season of four months as the patterns of carpet, and that perish entirely with the first frost. The entire labor and expense is renewed the next season, and the annual outlay is limited only by one’s willingness or ability to pay. Hardy flowers have all the artistic advantages and all the practical ones as well. Their first cost being their only cost, and their greatly increasing in size and beauty year after year, makes an investment in them yield an annua! dividend of loveliness not to be computed in any ordinary way. We have seen a garden where early spring is ushered in with mynads of snowdrops, crocuses and violets peeping through the grass, with yellow daffodils ard scarlet tulips, with rarest blue of scillas, and with odor of hyacinths; and later with |_tes-of-the-valley, and lilac, and hawthorns, and numerous flowering shrubs. | June—the month of flowers finds our garden fairly aglow with floral beauty, roses everywhere, in groups, on fences, sprawling on the grass with their wreaths of loveliness, clambering over bushes, ard here and there covering even the tops of the trees with flowers of pink or white bloom. Not only roses, but monarch poppies, peonies, columbines, early-flowering clematises and irises in a multitude, and Easter lilies in all their purity, ard the grand rhododendrons, second only to roses, and with them later, the glorious Auratum lilies showiag stately above their rich greens. | With this grand June overture to summer, our garden follows quickly with a succession of lovely and changing scenes—of day lilies, hardy pinks, exquisite Japan ines, and a procession of stately lilies, commencing with June and ending only with frost; of phloxes, hollyhocks—single and double—and clematises with their wreaths ard garlands of purples, pmks and whites; of foxgloves, larkspurs and evening primroses; and our garden, daily, until frost, will have new attraction. Arranged with some judgment at first, this garden might be left to take care of itself; time would but add to its attractions, and the happy owner might go away for years and find it beautiful on his return. We have gathered together the best collection of hardy plants and bulbs in America, and will send catalogue and information about hardy gardens on request. "A Plea for Hardy Plants," by J. Wilkinson Elhott, gives much information about hardy gardens, with plans for their arrangement. We have made arrangements with the publishers of this book to furnish it to our customers at a very low price. Particulars will be sent on request. NURSERY €O. “PITTSBURG, PA. The G arden Magazine VoL. II.—No. 1 PUBLISHED MONTHLY PE BIROPNRNE! L906 (eee DOLLAR A YEAR TEN CENTS A COPY (NoTE.—For Table of Contents of this month’s number see page 7.] The Wonderful Things You Can Do With a Hotbed HOTBED is a device that will enable you to get fresh vegetables a month earlier than usual this spring. It costs $3.00 plus a little elbow grease. March is plenty soon enough to sow the seeds, but the time to get a hotbed is now. There are seventeen desirable kinds of vegetables you can grow in hotbeds, but it is worth while to have one of these structures simply to grow tomatoes. Every day you gain on tomatoes before August 1st is clear profit, because no matter when a tomato plant begins to bear it will continue to do so until killed by frost. You can have tomatoes all through July and possibly even in June, if you have a hot- bed. You can also have in July the heat-loving relatives of the tomato, viz., the eggplant and pepper—a month ahead of time. YOU CAN GAIN On the whole cabbage outfit: Cauliflower, kohlrabi and cabbage in July; Brussels sprouts in August and the Englishman’s frequent substitute for cauliflower—broccoli. On that delicious home vegetable—celery— you can make a notable saving. On vines of the gourd family: Fancy fresh slicing cucumbers in June; luscious muskmelons in July. As to the short-season crops, like lettuce and radishes, which only need a month or so, you can reel them off any time in the year. With three or four hotbeds you can enjoy these two all winter. The things that require two months of growth are beans, beets and parsley. A MONTH FRESH VEGETABLES THIS MARCH In fact, if you had a hotbed right now you could taste home-grown lettuce and radishes in March; beans, beets and parsley in April. Figure it out for yourself. A hotbed is three feet by six. It will hold twenty-eight heads of lettuce—two heads a day. That means enough to last a family of six for a fortnight. At forty cents a pound or ten cents a head (midwinter prices) a single crop of lettuce would cost you, if bought from the grocer, $2.80, nearly as much as you paid for the sash. A hundred per cent. in two months! Has your boy ever earned any pocket money? I wonder if he wouldn’t like to raise a lot of young tomato plants to sell this spring ? DOES IT REALLY PAY? Perhaps not, if you charge up your time, cost of the manure, the old boards you pick up around the place, doctor’s bills in case you catch cold, etc. But it’s fun. And you get better varieties. The tomato plants you buy of the local grocer are “‘any old kind,” with fruit that is too big perhaps, or wrinkled, or an unat- tractive pink instead of an honest red. In short not suitable for dainty slices. YOU NEED A COLDFRAME TOO A coldframe differs from a hotbed in not having any artificial heat. It has seven reasons for existence. 1. It can supply lettuce, radishes and spinach all winter. 2. You can winter cabbages and cauliflower in one and thereby gain a month because you can set out good big plants in April. 3. If tea roses are not hardy in your climate you can store them in a frame all winter. Early vegetables are the most: pleasing returns from a hotbed 4. The very choicest foxgloves and lark- spurs can be raised cnly with the aid of cold- frames. 5. You can have no end of pansies, violets, English daisies and polyanthus primroses in a coldframe. They will bloom for a month or more between February and April. 6. When your vegetable plants this spring are too large for your hotbed, you want to put them in a coldframe where they can “harden off”? before you set them out in the garden. 7. Last, but not least, with a coldframe alone you can gain a week or two on the vegetable season this spring. HOW TO GET THEM If you are not handy with tools and don’t want the bother, you can buy ready-made sash locally or have them made by a car- penter. Or you can order them from the seedsmen or makers of greenhouses. If you want to save money you can buy the glazed sash and do the rest with hammer and saw. For ‘“‘The Making of a Hotbed,” see THE GARDEN MAGAZINE for March, 1905, page 58. For ‘“‘What Coldframes are Good For and How to Make Them,” see February, 1905, page 30. The bound volumes of THE GARDEN MAGAZINE are a fund of information like that. Do you bind your volumes ? Better do so now, or it will be too late. May. The first charm of the garden from plans made the previous fall. All ablaze with yellow tulips Cleveland, A Pictorial Diary of a Beginner's Garden—By M. T. R. SHOWING WHAT A BEGINNER CAN ACCOMPLISH WITH NO HELP EXCEPT FROM BOOKS AND MAGAZINES— THE FUN OF MAKING YOUR OWN MISTAKES IN YOUR OWN MY” SURPRISE and delight knew no bounds when I was able to gather a few flowers from my first gardening attempt, which consisted of some roses and shrubs purchased at random from a “‘floral agent.” They had been hurriedly planted in promis- cuous beds made by simply turning the soil, which had lost all of its vigor by having grown grapes for years. I knew enough to put them on the south side of the house, but had a hard time con- vincing the old German gardener that the prospective lawn would not be improved by having flower beds scattered upon it. Realizing that, after all, gardening was not a mystery, and that one need not be a genius to raise flowers, I became absorbed in the next summer’s plans, which resulted in this little garden. After reading every readily obtainable book on the subject, I was ready by the middle of September with my design, and the work began. Where the former beds had been seemed to be an ideal place for a little formal garden, and the helpful old gardener entered into my plans with zest. Together we staked and Photographs by the author planned, the borders and beds were dug out a foot in depth, the ground removed, and good light soil with plenty of weli-rotted manure put in. My various readings had put one idea upper- most in my mind—that ‘‘manure is the boss of the garden,” as an old gardener once said to me, so my quest was for old manure. One day, after bargaining for a fine lot, I was called into the house to receive a book agent. She looked the horror she felt when I assured her that I would far rather buy manure than books. She probably thinks me too degraded to ever visit me again. My own experience has proved that one of THE GARDEN MAGa- ZINE contributors was right when he said that “‘ with five dollars for a garden, three of it should go for manure.” Mrs. Ely’s ‘“A Woman’s Hardy Garden” has been invaluable to me, and my gratitude has prompted me to thank Mrs. Ely, but I fear she must be burdened with letters from grateful beginners. I stood in the garden directing the planting from her book, which, until the advent of THE GARDEN MAGAZINE, was our text-book on all’ gardening subjects. From her directions I’ started a seed bed WAY—SOMETHING SURE TO SUCCEED which, although not put in until the latter part of July, was quite successful, and the plants were as large as those one buys at.a nursery- There were sixty Sweet Williams, innu- merable foxgloves and Canterbury _ bells (called by the old gardener ‘‘the williams,” “the gloves” and “‘the bells”), thirty chrys- anthemums, three dozen hardy pinks and two dozen hollyhocks. My other perennials I chose while in bloom from a nearby nursery which guarantees all plants. The few that were winter-killed were replaced in the early spring, proving to me the wisdom of fall planting for they were much larger and abead of the spring-planted ones. Annuals I had in profusion, and I tucked them in everywhere. Four of the long centre beds which my friends try to tease me by calling “graves” I filled with seedlings started in the house March 1st, and owing to my inexperience many were my trials over them. Up to this time I had not seen THE GARDEN MAGAZINE, or I should never have made the mistake of planting my seeds in such heavy soil, in which the poor things could not grow. The seedlings appeared, were transplanted, but seedlings they re- June. The herbaceous plants take up the succession. Columbines, iris, poppies, Sweet William and Canterbury bells in evidence 10 FEBRUARY, 1906 THE GARDEN MAGAZINE JULY AND AUGUST—THE SUMMER RIOT OF COLOR The three upper views were taken in July. In August gladioli, phloxes and hydrangeas were in full bloom 12 mained until I planted them out May rst, expecting daily to find they had succumbed to the cold. But they thrived, and when the blossoms finally appeared I felt rewarded for my tribulations. Another year I shall transplant all of my seedlings to the hotbed, as the asters, cosmos and salvias with which I filled the one sash alloted to me grew so well that it prov ed to me a hotbed is ue only place to raise early plants. One of the beds was filled with Puapress candytuft, which bloomed in the middle of June and stayed in bloom several weeks. Two weeks later a bed of stocks in all the lovely pastel shades was in bloom, another had Phlox Drummondi and calendula in bloom, and the fourth was of Shirley poppies, which of course bloomed where they were sown. The four other long beds were planted with roses and gladioli, which was effective but will never be repeated, as the roses were handicapped. They have been put in my new picking garden (poor things, the third time transplanted) in a specially prepared bed where they will be unmolested. The old rose beds have been planted with irises, each bed a different color, and gladioli will be put in with them in the spring. Gladioli I tucked in wherever it was possible and found them most attractive for filling in gaps left by early perennials which could be cut down. That there were no bare spots in the garden I was proud, but I could never persuade the gardener that his way of “fine bik bets” on the lawn would not have been better. I did overhear him asking the laundress one day if she had ever seen such a fine garden and ‘“‘was it not like a park?” so I believe he secretly admired. With his knowledge of planting, manuring and with my ‘book knowledge,” we pulled smoothly together, and even if he had never before raised a THE GARDEN MAGAZINE flower or knew hardly one by name my gar- den could not have been the success it was without him. Between us we gave my dear old dog a “oarden adacakien and only those who have had both a garden and a ‘dog can sym- pathize. At first my despair was great but HEOGE OF ANNUAL HELIANTHUS (DBYARF) PERENNIAL BORDER 4 FT WIDE 25 FT WIDE POINVYLNT GRASS WALK VVINNAYT ES F9adgSH AFT WIDE TrANN GITGOOM & PEONIES. BORDER OF ANNVAL AWELIANTHUS BORDER HIVM SSsvuno INIAYY JOM Ld #2 SAHLNVITIM HEOGE PERENNIAL GRASS PERENNIAL 25 FT Wie 4 FT WIDE ENTRANCE WALK BORDER HEOGE ANNUAL HELIANTHUS CoWwARF) FINVYLNT The garden was laid out on the radial plan he is wise and was soon walking only the straight and narrow path of grass. The hedge or ‘‘fence,” as old Schmidt calls it, of dwarf helianthus or sunflower was extremely pretty until the first hard storm wrought havoc with it and it never looked the trim little hedge again. But it bloomed until frost and was a pretty background. Another year we shall support it securely by driving stakes into the ground at intervals on both sides and nailing long strips between the stakes to the height of about two feet. One day in May the garden looked so charming to me with its 500 yellow tulips Orchard Fruits in a Rented Garden—By THE ADVANTAGE OF THE TRAINED AND MAINTAINING A SUCCESSION (Ces apples and pears two years after planting the trees? Impossible, you say! Not at all. I have done it, others do it, and so may you. Of course the large orchard trees commonly seen take five or six years to reach fruiting age, but by planting dwarf trained trees the seemingly impossible may be attained. The owner of a very small garden need not despair of enjoying luscious pears and juicy apples from his own trees either. Let him plant dwarfs. They occupy so little room that even the average city plot would easily accommodate a score. There are several reasons why the trained dwarf trees are so precocious. In the first place, the nurseryman selects his very best specimens for training because he knows that in the end they will bring him the biggest prices; and he gives them the best of care and attention afterw ards. They are expensive to buy, of course, because the nurseryman has to give them individual atten- tion. About seventy-live per cent. of the FEBRUARY, 1906 blooming that I was tempted to take a snap- shot with my panorama kodak. In June and each month with its successive bloom the change was so great and so interesting to me that my camera was made to testify. After the tulips, which were planted as borders and which remained in bloom for several weeks, came columbines, peonies, oriental poppies, German iris, Sweet Will iams, hardy pinks, candytufts, and Canter- bury bells and foxgloves, the latter planted behind the former, making one of the most charming effects in the w liole garden. The July photographs show the garden with a riot of flowers and color. The sun- flower ‘‘fence” is in bloom, and hollyhocks, Shirley poppies, Japanese iris, snap dragon, stocks, Phlox Drummond of all colors, and one or two varieties of the perennial hardy phlox, calendula, platycodon, Gaillardias, Shasta daisies, golden glow, Achillea The Pearl, California poppies, and the annual and hardy coreopsis. In August the garden became more gor- geous in ‘coloring with the hardy sunflowers; all the hardy phloxes, planted with each color massed; hydrangeas in white, with the border of sweet alyssum around them, salvia, with hibiscus (crimson eye) planted near; the whole making a pretty effect, and the asters and gladioli were blooming profusely. The September garden is nearly the same as in August, with ‘the appreciable change of dullness coming over all. The hydrangeas are changing to pink, and everything looks faded and worn, with the exception of white Boltonia asteroides which blooms in Septem- ber, and looks like large white bouquets. After this there was nothing to anticipate but the cosmos and chrysanthemums. The lat- ter were a disappointment; the reason I have yet to learn. But the cosmos I picked in armfuls. Long Island William C. McCollom DWARF TREE—A PRACTICAL METHOD OF GROWING SEVERAL VARIETIES OF FRUITS ON A SPACE THAT ACCOMMODATES ONE ORDINARY young shoots have to be removed during the first season or two and they haye to be rubbed off before they are any size. It is by leaving only a few branches instead of a hundred or more that these trees are given stout, heavy stems and limbs, which are the proper founda- tion for clean, vigorous branches. An important factor in the production of perfect fruit is proper pruning, which can be easily done in the case of trained fruit trees, as all parts of the tree are easily reached. As the nurseryman starts the trees so must we continue, selecting the best wood and tying it in position, cutting out the weak, straggling shoots that are only a detriment to the plant and which are largely overlooked in the ordi- nary type of fruit tree. THE ESSENTIALS OF CULTIVATION The first and the most important point in the management of trained dwarf trees is a thorough preparation of the soil. Trench deep and put in plenty of manure. It is TREE foolish to pay big prices for fruit trees and then to plant them in hardpan or sand; it is just as foolish as paying ten thousand dollars for a house and spending only ten dollars on the foundation. Trench the soil at least three feet deep, putting in not less than four layers of manure; you will never regret the money expended. This preparation should have been done in the fall and the soil allowed to lie and settle over winter. As scon as the ground opens in the spring build up the trellis on which the trees are to be trained. Make this strong and have the posts set down so deep that the frost will not heave them. Iron posts are better than wood posts because the latter will rot and there is always the chance that just as scon as the trees are nicely trained the posts will give way at the earth line, and in a hard wind will topple over. The cross lines of the trellis should be of strong galvanized wire with a bolt in each strand so it can be tightened to take up any stretching of the FEBRUARY, 1906 THE GARDEN MAGAZINE By planting dwarf trained trees the amateur can grow a collection of several varieties on a space that would support only one large orchard tree wire. Build the trellis four to five feet high with wires nine inches apart, the lowest being one foot from the ground. It may be objected that this seems a lot of expense to go to for fruit trees, but I venture to say no ama- teur who goes to this expense will regret it, for the fruit grown in this manner is far better in quality than that grown in the regulation way. And surely that is what we want— quality, the best in the world. Besides, don’t forget the quick returns. Pears and apples screening the vegetable garden The dealers in dwarf fruit trees offer them in various forms, such as pyramid, globe and standard and it is important when ordering from the nursery to state which shape you desire. The forms just named are not adapted for growing on a trellis, of course, but are for open ground culture. For trellis work they come in palmetto, cordon and espa- lier forms. I like espaliers best as they are kept in shape more easily than the others. Planting should be done in the spring. ei ee Showing method of training an apple tree. The branches are tied to the wires of the trellis When the trees arrive from the nursery plant them close to the trellis and about eight to ten feet apart. As soon as the trees are planted give a heavy mulch of loose stable litter to prevent evaporation of the soil moisture. Take all possible care you can of the trees because the loss of one in a row makes an unsightly gap. After mulching go over the trees with pruning shears, cut out all damaged and undesirable wood and tie the best shoots in position. The two strongest shoots at the bottom should be tied to the lowest wire and allowed to grow until they meet the shoots from the next tree and there stopped. Strict attention to pruning is absolutely neces- sary. The principle to follow is to leave just enough wood to cover the trellis, removing all the thin, weak shoots. Never leave more than eight inches of the previous season’s growth and be careful to retain branches that have fruit buds. In June. further attention to pruning must be given and the number of shoots reduced. This tends to strengthen those that are left and hastens the bearing time. ‘They will need attention again about the latter part of August or the first part of September, when you must tie the shoots to the trellis in the posi- tion you wish them to grow. ‘This must not be done too early or the shoot will break off at the bottom, but it should not be left until the wood hardens as it is apt to crack when you are tying down the branches. If at this time you notice a branch carrying a large number of fruit buds, cut it back slightly to throw some strength into those buds. If you have been careful of the trees and they have not suffered much in the trans- planting, you may get a little fruit the first season. Of course you cannot expect much but the few you may have will be a revelation in quality. These trained fruit trees are mostly im- ported and as they are not used to our severe winters, must be helped through the first sea- son at least. Don’t run any risk. A little fall pruning will help. Go over the trees just before the leaves fall and remove a few inches of wood from each of the branches; after the ground is slightly frozen mulch heavily. This attention is not really necessary after the first season, but it will be a great help until the trees become acclimated, and should if possible, be followed up for two or three years at least. If there are any signs of rust or other fungi on the foliage during the summer, spray with Bordeaux mixture. THE SECOND YEAR’S NEEDS In the second year pruning should be done in the spring, and do not be afraid to cut back hard, as it is this cutting that induces Apricots are planted to the right, pears to the leit the development of good, clean heavy wood with which comes fruit spurs. Look over the trees when the fruit starts to swell and after all fear of dropping is passed, and if you notice a small tree with an excessive quantity of fruit, remove some. Strive rather for qual- ity than for quantity and the life of the tree will then not be endangered. For varieties of dwarf trees for the garden I should advise the following: In apples, BOB is eoaics ite A common complaint is that dwarf trained trees do not live long. These are eight years old “yr ke th h* orem... ay he The dwarf trees are more easily sprayed and a high quality of fruit is assured Bismarck you will find a good, short, heavy grower, a good cropper, and the fruit of good quality. Alexander is a good second to Bismarck. The fruit is large but not as attractive. Oldenburg is the best carly apple. Beauty of Kent is carly and good. The fruit is as large as Bismarck but it is a short cropper. Last, but not least, I should recommend the Baldwin, which is too well known to need mention here. vested. THE GARDEN MAGAZINE In pears, I should recommend Williams’ Duchesse d’Angouléme, a good early one; Nouveau Taiteau, a much better pear except that it winter kills in the latitude of Long Island. I think it would be hardy as far north as Philadelphia. Bartlett is very good for this work— a little rapid in growth—but the fruit repays the extra labor. Banjo is also an excellent pear. Among late pears I have found the follow- ing the best: Howell, Worden Seckel, Duch- esse d’Angouléme, Beurré d’Anjou and Fer- tility. Peaches, plums, apricots and other small fruit require treatment of much the same kind as the larger, except that their rapid crowth requires more tying. On account of early flowering the peach crop is often injured by late frost; this can be eliminated by throw- ing frost-proof blankets over the wires and letting them hang down over the trees. One of the best features of these trees is the economy of space. If you have a stable or an outhouse which you wish to cover, you can plant a trained fruit tree against it. If you are contemplating planting a hedge to shut off something unsightly, put in a row of trained fruit trees instead,and you will have something that not only answers the purpose but will give you some return for your money. Fruit crops on useless walls. One advantage of the trained tree is that it can be planted against a wall and if the soil is properly enriched a crop of fruitis har- No waste space about the base of the tree. The shoots are tied to a wire trellis, as if trained against the wall they would be too hot in summer 1906 FEBRUARY. Planted two years, this tree bore a good crop of fruit last year. It is full of fruit spurs for next season People who do not wish to go to the ex- pense of buying high-class trees, can have good results by buying young stock from the nursery, ‘‘whips” as they are called. Get good short-jointed growers and plant them about eight feet apart. After planting cut the top off just above the bottom wire, and when they start to grow train them to the other wires in the position you want. You will find by this method that you will have a nice little fruit tree in three years. In fact, I have fruited this class of trees in the third season from the time of planting. Two Ingenious Window Gardens EASY SOLUTIONS OF THE PROBLEM OF WINTER PLANTS IN THE HOUSE—SUGGES- TIVE HEATING SCHEMES, AND FORCING BULBS FOR FLOWERS ALL WINTER A Small Conservatory Heated from the Living Room By E. R. JoHNnson, Pennsylvania MY WINDOW garden may not be the most perfect garden there is, but it has given me a great deal of pleasure. It is a small structure, only seven feet long, five feet wide and ten feet high, composed entirely of glass and wood. The cost of erecting it was about $30. Situated on the south side of the house, it receives all the morning sun, which keeps the flowers constantly blooming. The worst difficulty I had to overcome at the outset was to keep the garden properly heated; I found upon experimenting that the best results could be obtained by watering the plants frequently and keeping the adjoining library at an even temperature of 70°. About the first of October every year I fill it with chrysanthemums. It holds about four dozen of these, and a pretty and artistic effect can be had by using several varieties and many colors. These flowers last till the end of November, when I replace them with the real winter flowers. First among these are the geraniums, which are hardy, do not require much care and will remain in flower throughout the entire winter. Heliotropes also do very well. Candytufts in boxes do much better than if placed singly in pots, and This miscellaneous collection of plants—geraniums, callas, candytuft, heliotropes—gives flowers all winter. The only heat is from the adjoining living-room. The little conservatory is built in a doorway 15 make a better showing. Nasturtiums with plenty of room and strings to climb on will remain in flower all winter. Mignonnette and begonias can also be grown with ad- vantage, and do not require much care. In fact any flower of a hardy nature will flourish in one of these gardens. CONTROL OF TEMPERATURE Never forget one thing—the temperature of the room. Never let the cold, frosty air strike your plants for any length of time, for it will kill them; nor do not let the tem- perature of the room vary between two wide limits. If at one time the plants are over- heated, and the next moment chilled, their growth is stunted and their bloom killed, Strive at all times to maintain an even tem- perature. With little care these plants will live for years, and by using slips and cuttings you will not need to buy new plants. Although intended for winter, these gar- dens also have their summer uses. When spring arrives I move all my plants out into the open air, where they thrive till it is again time to place them under cover. During the hot summer months I hang the sides of my window garden with curtains. It forms a cool, shady retreat in which I place palms and ferns. Later on in the summer I place in it boxes containing my spring seeds, pansies, canterbury bells, English daisies, etc. By the time these are large enough to transplant in hotbeds, it is again time to fill my window garden with chrysanthemums. A Portable Window Forcing Box Heated by Gas By E. A. Eames, Buffalo, N. Y. Bees fall my wife and I force all kinds of bulbs. Our success has led us to pot a constantly increasing number and variety until last year the problem of where to put them while coming into blossom became really serious. Our windows were crowded; up stairs, down stairs and even the cellar windows were made use of. We needed a green house—a forcing house, but could not afford one. Something we had to have for our precious bulbs were over-running us and throwing them away could not be thought of for a moment. It was early in October when I hada happy thought. While overhauling the storm win- dows preparatory for winter, I came across two tall, narrow ones which had been made useless by remodeling our sitting room the summer previous. It occurred to me that perhaps here was a start toward the little conservatory of which we were in so much need. Careful measurement showed that they were of exactly the same height as the storm sash of the south dining-room window. Here, then, were three sides of a window 16 The growing plants give a touch of welcome life in the depth of winter green house; moreover, they exactly fitted each other and the window in question, so the problem was practically solved. By means of four long screws on a side I fastened the two narrow sashes to the window frame at the exact places where the vertical edges of the regular storm sash belonged— only they were at right angles to the wall of the house, projecting into space. The regu- lar storm sash was now screwed to the outer edges of the two sashes already in place and behold, without any cutting or fitting of any kind I had three glass walls enclosing my window—forming a generous space, ideally lighted, requiring only a top and bottom to make a splendid window conservatory. For a bottom I simply nailed half-inch boards to the bottom of the three sashes and held it in place by two oak brackets (made from old bed slats). For the top I cut two tapering boards and fitted them to the top edges of the side sashes so that when the half- inch boards were nailed across them for a roof it had a pitch and overhanging eaves sufficient to shed any kind of weather. Before moving in, I made both the roof and the floor waterproof, and warmer, too, by tacking some old rubber floor matting to the half-inch boards. On the roof I easily made a tight joint with the house by continu- ing the rubber back and up under the bottom of the first clapboard. Three six-inch shelves were placed across both side sashes by means of five-inch brack- ets. When still more room was necessary, additional 6-inch shelves were laid across the front with their ends resting on the first set. This provided three complete tiers of shelves running around the three sides of the conservatory. Without crowding we could manage about seventy-five pots and pans of various sizes. We were able to have a continuous series of bloom from mid November until spring weather lured us out to our garden again. Our tulips, crocuses, hyacinths, freesias, etc., THE GARDEN MAGAZINE were a continuous delight to us and the envy of our friends. Until really severe weather we were easily able to regulate the temperature by partially opening or closing the window—which formed the fourth wall of the conservatory. How- ever, as zero weather approached, the warmth from the dining room proved inadequate and other means of maintaining the requisite temperature to keep the plants growing were found to be necessary. A MINIATURE FURNACE I ran a three-eighth-inch pipe from the natural gas main in the cellar through the cellar window and up through the bottom of the conservatory, ending in an ordinary gas burner. This gave plenty of heat but the fumes from the gas proved objectionable. Various kinds of burners were tried in suc- cession, but all had to be discarded for the same reason. After considerable thought I hit upon the following scheme, which served the purpose admirably: For $2.25 I purchased a tiny gas stove which I placed on the cellar floor directly below the cellar window under the conserva- wii FEBRUARY, 1906 tory; I ran a short smoke pipe to the nearest chimney-opening in order to dispose of the fumes. A nearby tinsmith made to my dimensions a galvanized iron hood which fitted down over and completely enclosed the stove. It had a number of one-inch holes along its bottom edges for circulation, and a sliding door for access to the stove. Its top was drawn up to form a collar about eight inches in diameter. From this collar I ran an eight-inch flue straight up, then slanting up, out through the cellar window (from which a pane had been removed), then up again to where it ended at a 5 x7 inch register set into the floor of the conservatory. Of course the flue was enclosed in a wooden box or outer flue for insulation throughout its entire length outdoors. This formed virtually a miniature hot-air furnace. The tiniest flame warmed the stove, which in turn warmed the air enclosed in the galvanized hood. This warm air flowed up the pipe through the register and cave our plants just what they needed—pure, moist, warm air. The apparatus worked perfectly from the first, the supply of heat was easily regulated and the furnace gave off neither odors nor dirt. ] 4 a ae We ail i BS Pe + a] The conservatory is built on the outside of an unused doorway and acts also as an efficient storm box. It is ten feet high, seven feet long and five feet wide. Cost complete $30 | . . Ce a9 aoa —— FEBRUARY, 1906 THE GARDEN MAGAZINE 17 e g & 5 | Y Pees : aB “ Heated from the cellar by a shaft Baa Se Ect a sid u Beit enty-five pots— which give flowers from November till spring vy fa . These lines of shelves carry sev i Bin set & ie A white-flame stove costing $2.25 was built into an iron jacket, making a miniature The heated air entered the forcing box through an ordinary register where it; heating furnace could be controlled March Flowers Without a Greenhouse FLOWERING SHRUBS AND TREES THAT WILL BLOOM AND PUT IN WATER—AN ARE BARE—A NEW IDEA I. Forcing Twigs in the Home Window Sill LaurA FRENCH Morpaunt, Michigan N FEBRUARY in a city flat, when one ' is weary of winter and spring seems drearily far off, a bunch of glowing red A vaseful of aspens in flower maples in full bloom is a pleasant, com- forting and reassuring sight. It is surprising how much can be learned about the ways of growing things from one twig. Shade trees in city parks and Streets are usually pruned so high that most of us get only a general impression of color and outline, and miss the beauty of the indi- The fertile or pistillate flowers of the aspen (Populus tremuloides) IN HOUSE DECORATION: vidual flower. Some do not even realize that the flush of color high in a tree is from flowers rather than leaves. If you wish to know a few trees and shrubs intimately and personally there is no better way to accomplish it than to cut a few twigs, put them in a vase of water in a sunny win- dow, and watch the development of the tightly closed and frozen buds from the first indication of their awakening to the opening of the flower and unfolding of the leaves. If window space is limited a few twigs, not more than a foot or two in length, will be less likely to shut out needed light from the room and to be in the way generally. For a few short twigs ordinary vases are all that is required. For larger twigs and branches large jars are better than vases. If one is careful to keep vases and jars perfectly clean and the water fresh by frequent changing—once in three or four days, or less frequently if a small piece of charcoal is placed in each jar—the window nursery need never become objectionable to the housekeeper. The twigs, too, must be kept free from dust by occasional spraying or dipping into a pan of cool water. No doubt many varieties of trees and shrubs could be forced into bloom early, perhaps any time after the first severe frost, but I have never cared to do so with any except forsythia. One seems to need and to enjoy young leaves and buds more when winter is far advanced than in the early months. The sterile or staminate flowers of the aspen shake out a wealth of golden pollen 18 IN MARCH FROM TWIGS CUT IN FEBRUARY INDOOR FESTIVAL OF CHERRY BLOSSOMS WHEN THE TREES OUTDOORS SIX-FOOT BRANCHES LADEN WITH FLOWERS Whether the twigs are long cr short, few in number or many, it is always a mistake to crowd them, and I enjoy having each kind by itself, at least until the flowers are almost or quite open. All twigs are better for a soaking in slightly warm water when first brought into the house. Those which are cut from trees in dusty, smoky city yards especially need cleansing. Beech buds have an exciting story to tell. Poplars are waiting to scatter the gold of their pollen, and are ready to open their white stars in the warmth of a living rcom. If woods and roadsides are out cf reach, the old fruit trees in the city backyard are not to be despised, although cuttings from vigorous young wood are always desirable. Your friends in the South or California can send you twigs of sub-tropical shrubs through the mails. Last winter a small branch of rhodora which traveled half way across the country before reaching me was an object of interest from the beginning and a revelation of beauty when in its per- fection. An English filbert showered pollen from its graceful catkins and opened its quaint little reddish-purple pistillate flowers a few days after its journey. All twigs must be cut carefully—a clean, slanting cut, with no rough edges to harbor impurities. Large or partly opened buds are easily injured by a careless touch. All the early blossoming shrubs are desir- able for forcing, especially those which bloom before the leaves. Forsythia is the earliest and easiest; it will flower in two weeks. Pussy willows. Many species of Salix can be utilized in this manner FEBRUARY, 1906 These cherry branches reached a ten-foot ceiling and spread six feet on either side. They were in bloom for six weeKs when the ground outdoors was covered with snow For those who love old-fashioned, com- mon things, nothing will give more pleasure than the flowering currant with its spicy yellow flowers. Even the garden currants— especially the black—are interesting. Magnolia buds are fascinating in their gray-green velvet calyx, even if never more than a glimpse of pink is seen. Wonderful things are done with lilacs by some people, but I am content with the spring-suggestive delicate fragrance of the tender young leaves though the buds fail time after time. Peach, plum and cherry buds are usually the first to open. Pears and apples are more deliberate. In cutting twigs from fruit trees, select the full, round buds. They are the flower buds; the slender, more pointed ones being leaf buds. Anything is worth trying, but here are some of the most satisfactory: Most people fail to make as small a branch of lilac as this bloom indoors. Miss Whitlock has had great success with whole plants cut off at the base THE GARDEN MAGAZINE FOR FLOWERS Magnolia Pear Rhododendron Cherry English filbert Plum Forsythia ; Quince Almond, pink and white Apple Japanese quince Crab apple Currants of all varieties Maple Lilac Alder Dogwood Willow Rhodora Elm FOR LEAVES Horse-chestnut Poplar Beech Rose and sweet briar II. Forcing Large Branches- A New Idea GERTRUDE L. WuiTLock, Long Island HAVE had five kinds of shrubs in flower during the Christmas holidays by bring- ing branches indoors the first of December —cherry, forsythia, lilac, quince and Japan quince. It is not practicable to cut them earlier in the vicinity of New York City, but it is easy to provide a succession until spring. It makes a wonderful difference if you can cut limbs six to twelve feet long instead of mere twigs. These big branches make gor- geous decorative effects. The quality of the flowers is better and they last for several weeks. It is utterly useless to cut small sprays from the lilac and expect them to bloom. They will start out bravely but will soon droop. With the lilac I always cut off a whole bush at the ground, and have yet to fail in having a wealth of exquisite bloom. To avoid the uneven and weak develop- ment of your flowers put the pails of water containing the branches in a semi-dark, cool (not cold) place for a week or two. All the flowers will then be lighter in color and more ethereal in texture than if left to bloom outside. Especially is this change notice- able with the lilacs. Bushes that wear the purple out of doors will, when forced in the house, bear sprays pure white or faintly tinged. Without direct sunlight there is no pronounced color. The most satisfactory plan I have yet tried is to devote a room to the branches. We had a small, unused room on the top floor, out of harm’s way, where the average temperature was but fifty degrees, which seemed to be just right. Into this room I brought on the third of December, boughs of apple, quince, pear, crab apple and cherry, forsythia, lilac, weigela and Japan quince. I keep each variety by itself, and put a large piece of charcoal in each pail to keep the water fresh. I refill the pails once a week. It is not necessary to change the water entirely oftener than once a month. Do not remove the branches from the pails, as this will break off the buds and flowers. The forsythia was the first to blossom in four weeks. A week later the Japan quince had begun to unfold its graceful angularity of brown, thorny branches and flame-colored blossoms. From this time until the first of 19 First of the trees to flower outdoors is the red maple Staminate flowers on the left, pistillate on the right April we were never without quantities of flowers. One learns more and gets more real enjoy- ment from a single twig opening under one’s closest scrutiny than from a whole armful of full-bloom branches when cut out of decors. It is not possible to count with absolute certainty upon any sort of flower to develop within a given time, but boughs that have been well frozen and then put into an ordi- narily heated room should be in full bloom in a month or six weeks. The only distinct failure I have to record of the many varieties I have tried is with the magnolia, which has baffled all my coax- ings. Bridal-wreath, dogwood, honeysuckle, snowballs, wisteria and weicela all bloomed, but not freely, which failure I attribute to the short stems. But apples, crab apples, cherries, wild cherries, pears, quinces, for- sythias, lilacs and Japan quinces bloomed with glorious abandon. The luxuriance with which the cherry blossoms Little Known Vegetables Worth Growing—By I. M. Angell %% SOME GOOD THINGS THAT THE ORDINARY GARDEN DOES NOT HAVE, BUT WHICH ARE EASILY GROWN AND ADD VARIETY TO THE HOME TABLE—SUGGESTIONS FOR COOKING AND SERVING pee never was an amateur gardener who could resist the temptation to ex- periment with some of the odd, unusual vege- tables offered in the catalogues. Among many sorts tried in our own garden there are something less than a dozen kinds that we should wish to have again. We have found the following to be worth adding to our list, in company with the more common vegeta- bles: Swiss Chard, Kohlrabi, Edible Podded if Fk Swiss chard, a sort of beet of which the leaves are eaten as asparagus. Gives continuous crops Peas, Black Mexican Corn, Large Yellow Tomatoes, Lemon Cucumber and Edible Cow Pea. These are seldom seen in small gardens, at least in our section of the country, but they possess many good points that make them suitable for such use. SWISS CHARD Chard is so much liked by two members of our family that if it does not appear on the table at frequent intervals there are inquiries as to the cause. This is one of the good things for a small garden, because it combines two kinds of vegetables in one—the young leaves to use as greens and the stalks to cook like asparagus. A well-known cook book asserts that chard ‘‘makes one of the most delicate and delicious of dishes.” There are several points in its favor—it can be planted very early because of its hardiness; the young leaves will be of suitable size for greens in about two months from sowing; from the time it is eight inches high until full size it is in usable condition for one dish or the other. The plants may be left to stand in the garden all summer, to be used as wanted, but, as they have a tendency to become tough as the season advances, the wisest way is to sow for early use only, and clear off the ground for some latter planting when they have lost their tenderness. We have found chard useful as a fall-planted vegetable. Some sowed at the end of October showed considerable gain on the April ist planting; the latter gave us greens June oth and fair-sized stalks about ten days later. The plant in the photograph measured two feet. Although pulled after the middle of August it retained its tenderness, and was so brittle that the stalks broke in the handling. Chard demands the same cultivation as do Photographs by the author beets, except that it is not necessary to dig the ground so deeply. Seeds can be sown in April or May in rows a half yard apart and the plants thinned to a foot apart. A good supply of water and occasional cultivation are recommended by the seedsmen. The outer leaves should be cut from the plant, which will continue to produce throughout the season. In cooking, the chard leaves and stalks can be used either separately or together. One rule directs that the young and tender leaves and midribs be made into bundles and boiled and treated like asparagus on toast, then served with Hollandaise sauce or English drawn butter. Even with older stalks we have had success when carefully cooked. We cut them into inch lengths, then put them into boiling water with a little vinegar; after a few minutes we changed to fresh boiling water containing a pinch of baking soda. When cooked till very tender, properly salted and covered with thick cream sauce, this dish makes an acceptable addition to the bill of fare. KOHLRABI Kohlrabi is another vegetable with good points to recommend it for the small garden. This is one of the best vegetables for any family that likes the turnip-flavored tribe. One way of preparing Swiss chard for cooking. Old leaves are chopped, young ones are cooked whole It is a cabbage-cauliflower-turnip combina- tion. The stem-bulbs mature successively during a period of about a month, an advan- tage over a crop that ripens all at once. One of its valuable qualities is that it can be used in June,when so few vegetables are in bearing. Our April rst sowing was ready the third week in June. It is a remarkably clean and healthy plant, and free from disease so far as our experience goes. It is economical of space; enough to make a good dishful can be gathered from a yard of row, which cannot be said of many of our vegetables. It is remarkably hardy, and is well fitted for extra early sowing or midsummer sowing for fall use, on account of its ability to endure the cold. On the other hand it stands a drought well. None need be wasted, for if not all used for the table it is valuable for feeding horses or cows. Our row was about thirty feet long and every seed must have ger- > BD minated, for, beside the plants left to mature, we had seventy-two for transplanting as well as several dozen to give to a neighbor. These latter flourished in spite of being set out in a very dry time, and were ready for use in about a month after transplanting. They should always be pulled young, for they are much more sweet and tender than when they reach full size. Our investment gave good returns: we used only a fraction of a five-cent package of seed, yet the yield was nearly a hundred fair, sound bulbs. Kohlrabi is a good suc- cession vegetable, and for this it can be sowed every two weeks from May ist. to July rst. The plants should be thinned to stand several inches apart and should be cultivated in the same way as cabbage. They are good, cooked in any of the ways that turnips are used, or sliced and eaten raw like radishes. Our favorite rule is to peel and cut them into half-inch dice, boil thirty minutes in salted boiling water and cover with thick cream sauce. EDIBLE PODDED PEAS Edible podded peas, cut in short pieces and cooked according to the rule given for kohl- rabi, make another good dish. ‘The flavor is like both peas and asparagus. Cultivation is the same as for common peas and the vines are identical in appearance. The pods should be picked when the peas are just beginning to form, never left on the vines till tough and yellow. Their season is short; as they all mature in two or three weeks and are too old to use, it is best not to sow too many atatime, Our April 22d planting was ready for use on June 2oth and past its usefulness by the Fourth of July. LARGE YELLOW TOMATOES Large yellow tomatoes, stewed, sliced or canned, we have never seen on any table but our own, neither have we seen them in the stores. This state of things we do not under- stand, for they are so satisfactory that we do not consider our garden complete without them. They make a very attractive dish sliced with the red ones. For stewing they are as good as the common tomatoes. Doubt- Shelled and unshelled edible cow-peas. Growing they look like beans. Cooked their flavor is intermediate 1906 FEBRUARY Edible podded peas are ready to pick when the peas are just beginning to form; about eight weeks from planting. They are very sugary less any rule for cooking red ones would be equally satisfactory for yellow tomatoes. Ours have always been particularly fair, large and sound. BLACK MEXICAN SWEET CORN Black corn is a striking sight to anyone who has not seen it before. Ours caused considerable comment among our friends. It is suitable for a small garden, because it is very productive but does not take up much space. The stalks are short and slim and can ‘be planted close together. Good returns will be obtained in a spot where corn of a ranker growth could not be accommodated. It is one of the sweetest kinds, and bears a good- sized ear for a small growing sort. On May 8th we sowed a row thirty feet long. Al- though it was a very dry season the seed sprouted so thickly that we had to thin out to keep it from growing too close. We trans- planted enough to make eight hills. In spite of the fact that this was done more than five weeks after sowing, when some of the corn was a half yard high, it did not appear to be injured by its removal, and came into bearing only a week later than that in the original row. ‘The result would not have been so satisfactory if we had not taken precautions, such as transplanting when the soil was damp from recent heavy rain, and also shielding the plants for several days from the sun. The black corn in the original row was in tassel | just two months from the date of sowing, and three weeks afterward, July 28th, we picked the first ears. The bearing season lasted a month, and the yield from the thirty-foot row was seventy ears. We picked as many as twenty ears in a day, and that after the corn had been in bearing for two weeks. The stalks stood six or eight inches apart in the row. Corn is hungry for both food and culti- vation. A handful of commercial fertilizer rich in nitrogen is a good addition to the A good sort of sweet corn for the small garden is Black Mexican, because it does not make a rank growth, and is productive. Some people object to its color THE GARDEN MAGAZINE hill when planting. Our black corn was slightly troubled with “smut.” Knowing there was “‘no remedy that will not kill the plant also,” we broke off the parts of the stalks affected and burned them, and also burned the whole planting after the season was over, for fear of spreading the disease another season. ‘The crows also troubled us until we covered the corn with old chicken wire so they could not scratch it up. Another way to circumvent these pests is to put the corn in coal tar and then give it a dusting of plaster. LEMON CUCUMBER The lemon cucumber was a_ suspicious novelty until we tasted it. Now it has a per- manent place on our lists. Of all the many varieties of cucumbers raised in our garden none have had a finer flavor than the lemon cucumber. There is a strong resemblance to its namesake in its size, shape and color. It has a thin skin, the crispness, tender- ness and sweetness are all that could be The lemon cucumber, round and pale yeiiow, can be cheerfully recommended for the small garden. It is tender, sweet and of a desirable flavor desired, and it seems to lack the bitterness of the common cucumber. We made two sowings, the second week in June and the second week in July. Doubtless earlier sowings would have done equally well. It is attractive in appearance for using sliced, whole or as pickles. ‘The best time for pick- ing is just as it turns yellow. It requires rich mellow soil and good cultivation. All cucumbers grow best in cool; moist weather, ° but a touch of frost kills them. The vines always make a good growth at the end of the summer; in order to take advantage of this it is well to make a sowing late in June for fall bearing. Earlier sowings will do well if they can be shaded by planting between corn or similar crops. The vines are very sensitive and will not bear bruising, so that the fruit should be cut with a sharp knife, not pulled or twisted from the stem. They will produce longer if none is allowed to ripen. Those for the table should be picked early in the morn- 21 Kohlrabi, a deep rooted cabbage is one of the most useful vegetables for the amateur; it matires early, is hardy, and economical of space. Best when used young and tender ing, because they are superior in quality to those gathered under the heat of the sun and will keep much longer. The first month after sowing is the time to watch for cucum- ber enemies, after that the vine can take care of itself better. Frames of wire netting or old window screens are a help in keeping off the bugs; tobacco stems are also good for this purpose. Ashes finely sifted will discour- age the black fly; this must be applied when the plants are wet with dew, or radishes sowed in the same hill will attract the flies from the cucumbers. EDIBLE COW PEA Another queer vegetable that was good eating was the edible cow pea. It was al- most impossible to tell, from the looks and taste of the shelled and cooked peas, whether they resembled peas or beans the more closely. The vine and pods were decidedly like beans, while the blossom was like that of a pea vine, only larger and gayer in color, being both purple and yellow. A bunch of the flowers would be taken for some new and attractive sort of sweet pea. The pods are long and thick-set, some containing as many as twenty good-sized pea beans. The vine makes a slighter growth than the ordinary pole bean, so that a three-foot trellis made of chicken wire gave them sufficient room for climbing. We sowed them April 22d, but did not try to use them young; they were full-sized early in September. A part of the crop is to be used dry as a winter vegetable. Be sure not to sow until the ground is warm; the cul- tivation is the same as for any ordinary garden crop. A vegetable that resembles the cow pea in every particular except that the pod is ona larger scale is the asparagus bean. Those on our vines grew to ten inches in length and a quarter of an inch in width. The yellow-fruited tomatoes are as prolific as the commoner red ones, are less acid and more sugary. They do not look as rich however The Building of a Hotbed—by E. L. Fullerton Long Island COMPLETE DIRECTIONS, INCLUDING THE BUILDING OF THE FRAME, PROTECTION FROM S:VERE COLD AND HEAVY WINDS, AND THE PREPARATION A HOTBED is a necessity to the ama- teur who raises his own seedlings of tomato, cauliflower, lettuce, celery and early cabbage instead of buying them in the spring from the seed stores. The great advantage of knowing exactly what varieties one has is obvious. There is no mystery about the making of one, yet many people, just because they never understood how to make one, are content to go on year after year in the old way. ‘The warmest and most sheltered spot on the place is the one situation for the hot- bed. Of course the ideal corner in our garden was that which had been selected for the young chicks. So they had to give way. ‘There was room for seven sash, each 3 x 6 The frame made from 2x3 joists and 1x10 cypress planks. The ground dug to give a four-ioot depth Pieces of 2x3 lumber brace the sides An form slides for the sash Select a site sheltered on the north side OF THE HEATING MATERIAL. feet. For the frame 2x3 joists and some Ix1to cypress planks were boucht. On the ground where the hotbeds were to stand a space about 20% x 54 feet was dug to a sufficient depth so that when the frame work of the planks was set up and: leveled the interior space was four feet deep. Locust posts set firmly at each of the four corners and others at equal intervals on each side furnished support for the planks. The south front of the frame was made by one plank, the back being formed by two planks. This gave the ‘‘slope to the south” at an angle of about 30 degrees, which means catching the most of the sun’s heat and light. Six I x 3 joists running from back to front (north to south) support the sash. No grooves were made, as the sash was plain and without the tongues formed on moye elaborately finished sash frames. Three feet of fresh stable manure, well drenched with water from the garden hose, made the heating material. The frame was then closed up, and two days later the soil for making the bed was thrown in. Earth was banked firmly around the frame, then an outer fence of old boards was built about two feet from it on the north side, and the intervening space filled with manure, more of which was tightly banked around the ends and on the south side to prevent frost from entering. It is no use making a hotbed and allowinz all the heat to escape, so the glass of the sash must have some covering, otherwise it will radiate to an excessive degree. ‘There are various possibilities of course—straw mats, covered with old matting or carpet, boards, burlap, oiled or paraffined cloth, ete. Our preference was for salt hay, and, as this is too short to braid or weave, we made a thin mattress-like affair about four inches deep of unbleached muslin sheeting. It takes five yards of unbleached muslin two and a quarter yards wide, a couple of wheelbar- row loads of salt hay, a small quantity of twine and about four hours time to make the mattress mat. The regular six-foot straw mat made on a frame takes four sheaves of rye straw, a ball of twine and two and a half hours’ time. The whole is covered with a waterproof covering of some sort, to prevent snow or rain from soaking through. This can be accomplished by having the waterproof cover long enough to fasten down on the ground at each end of the frame. If attached to a wooden roller, it will facilitate the uncovering. The fun of a hotbed comes in when you are gathering lettuce and radishes from it before the regular outdoor seeding time. The small ones of the family can be provided for, too, if given a small section for sweet violets. They will derive great joy in the thought of sending the flowers to brighten 22 USING UP OLD ARTICLES ABOUT THE GARDEN the desk of some city friend who loves nature as they do. Last November was so mild that I had pansies still in bloom, so I lifted some roots to the hotbed, cutting them back severely. Of course I know I should have sown seed in August, and had planned to do so, but best intentions sometimes fail, and, although I had vowed terrible and awful things in recard to the various seeds I would plant in August, they still remain unsown. It is in making up for lost opportunity, as well as in forestalling the spring advent, that the home gardener will find abundant satis- faction in owning a hotbed. Mats of straw or mattresses of salt hay are serviceable covers for retaining heat The foundation of success—plenty of green manure Home-Made Straw Mats for the Hotbeds—By N. W. Robinson NABLE to find in the stores mats thick enough for warmth in the earlier part of the season, I decided to make some myself. I took two pieces of 2 x 4 inch rough spruce timber about ten feet long, laid them on the floor, parallel and about eight inches apart, joining the ends with pieces of $-inch stock, four inches wide. The frame. Two pieces of 2x4 inch spruce ten feet long and eight inches apart. The central piece, or rod, pulls the mat down during the making process aay ESE & Lay it across the strings, heads toward the centre making sure that the straws lie close and parallel Starting about 18 inches from one of the ends of this frame and about an inch from the edge, I drove in six-penny wire nails at intervals of seven inches. Back of these rows and a little to one side, I drove two other rows of wire nails, making rows of cleats on both. Among the odds and ends of lumber about the place I found a pole such as rugs are wrapped around, which I placed between the outer pieces of the frame. My first outlay of cash was for tarred mar- lin, known to the trade as No. 44. A ball usually contains about 300 feet. ' Having decided on the size for the mat, mark off the necessary number of cleats for the width of the mat, allowing for three or four inches of the straw to extend beyond the outside strings of marlin. For example, for a mat to cover a 6 x 6 foot sash, eleven cleats will be used, giving ten seven-inch spaces. The straw when trimmed should extend beyond the outside strings of marlin three inches on each side. To begin operations, cut the tarred marlin into lengths 34 times the length of the mat. Fold the marlin, to get the centre of the length, and with the centre over the pole fasten it to two opposite cleats. Repeat until you have a sufficient number of strands fastened on the frame. This is the warp in the weaving process. For convenience shorten up the lengths of marlin by making loops on the ends. With staples, tack the marlin to the pole. Support the frame at a convenient distance from the floor or suspend from a beam overhead. Take a handful of rye straw— the larger the handful, the thicker the mat— and lay it across the strings of marlin, heads toward the middle of the frame; add enough straw to cross over all the strings, and extend beyond the ends about a foot. Distribute the straw so that the strand is of uniform thickness (a 14-inch diameter gives a good, heavy mat). Unfasten a length of the mar- lin—the centre one is the best to start with— cross over the ends, pull taut and fasten again. Repeat, working toward the ends, smoothing out the straw and don’t forget that putting the heads and loose ends inside the strand makes a neater piece of work. The weight of the mat as it hangs in the frame will cause it to stretch, and therefore allow three or four extra strands of straw. Use straw sufficient to extend beyond the size of the finished mat, to allow for trimming 23 Massa- chusetts When you have woven in sufficient strands finish off by tying with a square knot the pieces of marlin as you weave the last time. With a pair of shears cut the projecting strands of straw, to give the sides of the mat a straight edge, leaving a margin of at least three inches beyond the outside strings of marlin. ‘Trim off loose ends and heads all over the mat, and the work is done. Liha aaetnte Tighten each string, working from centre to the ends Finish off by tying each string with a square Knot and trimming the sides of the mat A mat like this—a little larger than the frame—will Keep all quite snug Rock-Loving Ferns in the Garden—By G. A. Woolson *%. HOW TO INTRODUCE INTO OUR HOME GARDENS THE CHOICEST FERNS OF THE WCODS AND ROCKS, AND MAKE THEM FEEL AT HOME—A PRACTICAL WAY OF GROWING THE WALKING-LEAF AND OTHER DAINTY SPECIES THAT REQUIRE EXCEPTIONAL CONDITIONS HE association of rock and fern is not accidental, but a simple device of Na- ture for inducing a lower temperature, moist- ture for the fern roots, and the needful supply of disintegrating limestone or other mineral matter. The owners of large estates may be fortu- nate enough to possess naturally shaded dells or at least ravines which can, with little ex- pense and trouble, be converted into charm- ing glades full of nooks and corners, where hardy ferns from all parts of the earth may be naturalised. Rockwork plays an important part in the landscape gardener’s art. But great under- takings which require skilled artisans, an endless amount of stone and much expense are confined chiefly to public parks and gardens. Boulders artistically arranged about a fountain, with a leafy canopy overhead, are for the favoured few; but a few stones judiciously placed are within the reach of the majority and will afford more pleasure in proportion to the time consumed in the making and in space occupied than could be obtained in any other way. A shady nook is of course the ideal loca- tion, but is not always available. Partial shade, however, is imperative. Pines and spruces make an artistic background and soften the abrupt transition from smooth lawn to ragged rocks. The color effect of rock and fern against a screen of Virginia creeper (Ampelopsis quinquefolia) is particu- larly fine, and within the reach of all. In the selection of rocks most people have to take what they can get; but, given a choice, 46 5S" Afern th a ~ le Ns at will > ies : ’ Ne SA E ™, grow almost anywhere. The maidenhair spieenwort (Asplenium Trichomanes) does well in Photographs by the author and H. H. Swirr sandstone and calcareous rocks are the most desirable. Much of the so-called artificial rockwork is composed of tufa, a soft, porous volcanic stone of light weight. Nothing, however, can surpass the pic- cies require a richer and lighter compost in which leaf-mould predominates. In building rockeries on our lawns we may follow general principles but may not imitate Nature in detail of construction, for too much The foundation of a practical rockKery where plants will grow. Every crevice connects with the ground. No water-tight pocKets to swamp and then dry up. Weathered and porous rocKs used turesque quality of a bit of old limestone in process of decay. Freshly quarried stones of any kind should never be used; the more rugged and weather-beaten they are the better for the place assigned. Rock plants in general require light, sandy soil mixed with old mortar, if decomposed limestone is not at hand; brick rubbish also makes a satisfactory mixture. Certain spe- Lm ee eS Bed Lait © either sun or shade. When planting make the earth firm and tight 24 confusion is out of place on a well-ordered lawn; therefore we have recourse to some- thing ‘‘’twixt art and Nature.” Happily the stone-wall abominations, with dry, cramped pockets in which no respectable fern would attempt to grow, are things of the past. The more exposed the position however, the greater the need of something approach- ing regularity, in outline at least, for proper deference must be paid to the lawn mower. Whatever form of architecture is adopted, see to it that there is a soil connection through every pocket and crevice with the earth beneath, and that the top soil is firmed down to that which is underneath, otherwise capillary attraction will have no more chance of keeping the earth damp than in an imper- fectly drained flower pot. ‘This is the funda- mental principle on which depends success- ful garden rockwork or rockeries, whether for ferns or anything else. Environments usually suggest the proper style, which should always be simple and unpretentious. THE CIRCULAR ROCKERY A CONVENIENCE As a matter of convenience, I have a cir- cular rockery on my lawn. Careful selection of stones gives a varied outline; a curved slab of calcareous rock is highly valued, as it is so advanced in decay that layers are easily sprung and ferns inserted as fancy dictates. Regu- larity ceases with the marginal tier of stones. Four good-sized rocks artistically irregular in shape are placed at right angles slightly inclined toward the centre; the space between FEBRUARY, 1906 the big stones is walled up to a height of two or more feet, with a six-inch wall across the open front. This gives four large receptacles below the central pocket, with a twelve-inch border and no end of tiny nooks. A BAD MISTAKE TO BUILD HIGH Unless a rockery is in a sheltered nook the height should be limited to two and a half feet. No great expectations need be indulged in even at this low point, for none of our regal beauties that would answer for a centrepiece can endure the winds if thus elevated and isolated. I had in my mind’s eye an elegant vase- like ostrich fern (Matteuccia), which should crown my rockery with dignity and grace. My aspirations, however, were blown away, for no sooner did a frond unroll its curly tips than a wind promptly snapped the brittle stalk, and an inglorious and untidy “‘study in ferns” marred an otherwise successful creation. The plant was eventually removed but stolons had penetrated in all directions and a fringe of young ostrich ferns ap- peared. MAKING AND SHADING THE ROCKERY In building rockwork it matters little what sort of earth is used for the foundation; but if taken from a rubbish heap it must be freed from vegetable matter, which may decompose and eventually cause the earth to settle away from the stonework. In the construction of small rockeries of the style described, part of the ground tier of stones may be laid and the filling piled high in the centre, and either tamped or thor- oughly wet down with the hose before the inside stones are placed. A shady corner allures the fern grower, and affords scope for bewildering confusion of rocks and ferns or an artistic sectional ar- rangement, as fancy dictates. The latter is much more satisfactory in every way and may be as picturesque and informal as the material will admit or the ingenuity of the builder suggests. An odd lot of calcareous sand-rock and pudding stone compose the larger part of my rockwork. ‘These stones look as if they might wash away, but, having withstood the elements for some fifteen years, they are not likely to vanish in the near future. They are, however, sufficiently disinte- grated to make the limestone with which they are impregnated available for the cliff dwell- ers to be grown thereon. A few other con- glomerates, chiefly limestone and quartz, are in the foreground. INSURING PLENTY OF MOISTURE Mine has an especially dry corner, as the trees and shrubbery absorbed the natural moisture from the soil. For this reason, after the ground was cleared the hose was turned on and the water allowed to play for many hours before any filling was piled on. This in turn was wet down in instalments. Evaporation was thus checked and the soil thoroughly settled. To insure a good slope of the side slabs, which diverge from a beautiful central up- THE GARDEN MAGAZINE Cea pe oo VNC iahe a ease 2/1 AVE 4 MES Meh LE Lone eae: The bladder ferns are ideal for dry and exposed rocks. Filix fragilis above, Filix bulbifera below. They grow freely and will overpower others if not restricted. May be lifted in spring and brought indoors right, the earth was piled much higher in the rear and sloped toward the open front. Some foundation stones were laid beneath the main divisions and cement used in a few of the joints. This was immediately dusted over with coarse sand and pebbles inserted to match the conglomerates. Experienced handling is imperative, as the stones, so replete in tufts and turrets, are easily injured by small breakages, which The Walking Fern (Campfosorus rhisophyllus) is indis- pensable for the rockery. The ends of its curious fronds penetrate into fissures of rock and take root 25 lessen their artistic value. Careful selection and grouping of material are also necessary, for there is great difference in color and wave of sandstone; a beautiful stone may look like a new patch on an old garment and spoil an otherwise harmonious whole. Nature is so lavish of material that it is not difficult to blend one neutral tint into another, thus avoiding abrupt transitions which are so detrimental to any color scheme. Space should be left for massing tall ferns outside the walls. The large pockets are of course designed for vigorous growers. Even though it is designed to make your rock garden a repository for a botanical col- lection, no attempt should be made toward grouping genera and species, since artistic value is not a secondary consideration. Only single specimens of the larger ferns should be omitted, but the lesser growths may be largely in evidence. Leave space outside the walls for massing the common bracken or brake (Pteridium aquilinum), ostrich fern (Matteuccia Strutht- opteris) and the interrupted fern (Osmunda Claytoniana). ‘The tall fronds arching over the fawn-colored stones will exquisitely frame the picture in the near future. The royal fern (Osmunda spectabilis) is an admirable queen for the central pocket. Rocks are so unique and beautiful in them- selves that special care should be taken not to overload them in stocking and to prevent ultimate growth from hiding their formation. THE BEST FERNS FOR ROCKERIES Large clumps of osmundas and Goldie’s fern (Dryopteris Goldieana) were literally built into the four sections described. Lower down in the border are specimens of maiden- hair. The dark, glossy fronds of the Christ- mas fern (Polystichum acrostichoides) are largely in evidence, contrasting well with the reliable marginal shield fern (Dryopteris mar- ginalis); both in turn foil the more delicately cut and colored spinulose shield fern (D. spinulosa), with its varieties. ‘The most dis- tinguished member of the polystichum group is Braun’s holly fern (P. Braunii). Fine clumps of the purple cliff brake (Pel- lea atropurpurea) are apparently as much at home as they are among the outcropping ledges at the base of scraggy cliffs. They are not only beautiful in design but unique in color, a dark blue-green emphasizing all the varying tints about it. They begin to unfold their fronds late in comparison with others, a desirable habit, for the oak fern (Phegopteris Dryopfteris) is so intensely brilliant earlier in the season that nobody looks at anything else. The beech fern (Phegopteris polypodioides), on the contrary, appears late in the season and keeps so fresh and looks so cool long after other deciduous ferns are fading that no rockery can afford to be without it. The common polypody is perhaps equally to be desired and should be lavishly used in rockwork. Of the smaller spleenworts, the ebony spleenwort (A. platyneuron) stands here as elsewhere like a small sentinel. Pretty rosettes of the maidenhair spleenwort (A. Trichomanes) are cropping out here and 26 there, and tucked down in a shady corner is the green spleenwort (Asplenium viride). To the casual observer these two are much alike. ‘The former likes the sun, but the latter thrives only in the shade. Very unlike any other of its genus is the wall rue (Asflenium ruta-muraria), the shy cliff dweller with sea-green fronds, which is as much at home in a rockery on the lawn as the walking leaf (Cam/ptosorus rhizophyllus), which fastens its tapering points on every side. The pretty little rusty woodsia (W. I/ven- sis) is excellent for rockwork, requiring little soil and thriving best in the sunniest corner. There is no mistaking this, for rusty indeed it is in dry weather, but it freshens up in a shower. The obtuse woodsia (Woodsia ob- tusa) requires more shade. Nearly all of the genus are cultivable. The bulbiferous bladder fern (Filix bulbi- fera), graceful and fragile looking, is the first to fling a mantle of green over rock and stone, and, as a natural sequence, the first to pass. The only remedy for this is to break away the old fronds in midsummer. This species reproduces itself in two ways, by spores, and by bulblets located on the under side of the fronds; the latter start to grow so quickly after they fall that the species may become a nuisance, crowding out others equally desir- able. The aftermath, however, is a compen- sation, for a second fragile mantle of green covers the trail of Jack Frost with fresh prom- ise of the coming spring. The hairy lip fern (Cheilanthes lanosa), an attractive little Southerner which super- ficially resembles the rusty woodsia (W. I/ven- sis), is one of the very best ferns for the lawn rockery. Growing naturally on the crest of rocks, it accepts trying situations with a better grace than many transplanted Northern species. In my own experience it is perfectly hardy, looking remarkably fresh after the severest Vermont winter on record. A light covering, however, is to be recom- mended for exposed situations. AT tan The ferns do not obliterate the rocK-forms, which are merely clothed and complemented by the plants THE GARDEN MAGAZINE Nay ear ha The commonest of all rocK-loving ferns. The Wall-rue (Asplenium rufa-muraria) like the two ferns on the preceding page, needs a cranny in the rocks. It grows with a minimum of soil No rockery is complete without the hart’s tongue (Phyllitis Scolopendrium). It is easily cultivated, but also needs light protection through the winter in northern New England. FLOWERS ON THE ROCKS It is a profanation of Nature to force ferns to live in the midst of gorgeous geraniums or other cultivated plants blazing with color. But where nature has the selection of the floral accompaniments of ferns, her touch will be light and delicate. Wild flowers are the only permissible adjuncts of the fern rockery, whether as invited guests or as chance comers. Beauty of design is often greater than that of color, hence variety of foliage is often desirable. Orchids of any kind are especially fitting. A trillium here and there, or a jack-in-the-pulpit, may preach the gospel of good effect by contrast. Solo- mon’s seal droops gracefully beneath the in- terrupted fern (Osmunda Claytoniana), and is nearly as interesting in its unfolding and development. The ever present Herb Robert FEBRUARY, 1906 spreads itself about and Clintonia borealis carpets space well. This wildling is not as well known as it should be. There is an aristocratic exclusiveness about it which does not appeal to those who wish for something gayer than the graceful umbel of greenish- yellow bells; however, with its orchid-like foliage, it is highly decorative. The wild strawberry gives an ideal finish to our June picture. A mass of the foam flower (7 7zarella cordifolia) is especially pleasing. Once estab- lished, it takes the situation in hand and the ferns literally rise out of the spray of bloom in self-defense. But the daintiest concep- tion which Nature has dropped among the ferns is the bishop’s cap (Mitella diphylla). This exquisite bit of floral conservatism is in perfect harmony with the ‘feathery fern, whether it groweth wild and free” or as a willing captive. Hepaticas, violets, white and blue, may bloom among the ferns; even the rock-loving columbine loses none of its loveliness in its adopted home; but the ideal accessories of ferns in the rock garden are harebells. Such strength and delicacy are not elsewhere found in the floral world. Like a rare trait in a rough character, they grace the rugged rocks on which they grow. Just a foothold and a chance to swing and sway as the breezes do, are all that this flower of the air demands. Once established, the care of ferns is prac- tically nothing. My ferns are rarely watered, and never with the hose, unless a small stream is turned on and the hose allowed to lie on the ground for the purpose of soaking the roots in extremely dry weather. One application of the full spray is as dis- astrous as a tornado. I have had the beauty of many choice ferns spoiled for the season by the veering of the wind which blew the spray from a hose, supposed to be out of reach, upon them. Even the maidenhair, that so-called voucher for the purity of waters near which it grows, turns brown and withers. Keep careful watch that the Lady Fern (Asplenium Filix-foemina) does not oust its companions. It is hardy, aggressive, impertinent, springing up even where it was not planted FEBRUARY, 1906 A Backyard Play-Garden With a Japanesque Idea. By WALTER R. BEavIs. Photographs by the AutHor and W. P. Coocan. [Eprror’s Notre. Here is a garden designed to amuse the children, which should not be judged by conventional standards. It has the essential idea of the Japanese gar- den—a landscape in miniature. In this respect it is a truer translation of the Japanese idea than a mere jumb- ling of their materials (e. g., stone lanterns, and dwarf trees in pots), without relation to anything else. Anyone who criticizes this from an adult standpoint will miss enjoying its imaginative quality and its effectiveness for its own pur- pose, viz., that of amusing the children] HE backyard garden of which I write is on a lot 40 x 80 feet. As the time that I can devote to its care is limited, I have planted freely of permanent shrubs, as these require but little care when once set out, and increase in beauty with each succeeding sea- son. For instance, I have near the spirzea (No. 35 on the plan) a very large plant of Begonia gigantea. rosea, and near the hydrangea (No. 37) is a specimen of the curious Sauro- matum venosum, with its peculiarly-shaped leaves. In the corner formed by the arbor (No. 24) is a fuchsia four feet high, trained on a trellis, and which is in constant bloom throughout the summer. My iris bed shows a wonderful combina- tion of form and coloring, and is a particu- lar favorite of mine, as I can get such great results with the simplest culture. In bed No. 34 are some representatives of the principal varieties of English and German iris, with their richly marked and mottled flowers, and the Japanese J. Jevigata, having Princes A Japanesque landscape idea in a city backyard. Umbrella plant and cat-tails form A delight to the children bold masses of scenery. THE GARDEN MAGAZINE gorgeous blossoms measuring eight to ten inches across. ‘The several types, and even different colors of the one type of iris, come into bloom at different and overlapping periods, and thereby give a succession of bloom. The clumps of iris are planted with spaces four or five feet between them and in these spaces are various plants which come into bloom after the iris season is over. These include such flowers as balsams, asters, Shir- ley poppies, Sweet Williams, Japanese bell 27 of Clematis paniculata, hyacinth bean, morn- ing glory,and grapes. The playhouse I built myself. The uprights are 2 x 44-inch pine, set on posts sunk in the ground. The rafters and half rafters are cut out of inch stuff a foot wide, to allow for the curves of the roof. The roof is shingled, the shingles being nailed on three-inch strips fastened to rafters. The sides are latticed with {-inch stuff, one and a half inches wide, and the strips are placed about four inches apart, giving good open work for the vines to cling to. The platform Planting plan for the 1. Virginia creeper vines 16. Mill 2. Persian lilac 17. Bridge 3- Dahlias 18. Umbrella plant (CyZerus 4. Syringa alterntifolius) 5. Lilac common 19. Portulacca 6. Japan quince 20. Cat-tails 7- Artichokes 21. Elephant’s ear (Caladium 8. Zanzibar castor bean Iris, wild and cultivated g- Children’s play house . Platycodon. white fe blue 2. Sfirza Van Houttet . Waterlily pond 14. Hill 15. Castle Forget-me-nots Seat, and arbor of honeysuckle - Geraniums and tuberous begonias; border of silver leaf geranium Lily-of-the-valley . Fringe tree - Tuberoses flower (Platycodon), hardy phlox, blue lily of the Nile, (Agapanthus), mignonette and ver- bena. On the opposite side of the walk, and be- tween the bay windows are climbing roses, Baltimore Belle and Prairie Queen, and in the bed, besides the clumps of shrubs indi- cated on the plan are early and late flowering cosmos, tobaccos (Nicotiana alata and NN. decurrens), salvia, fuchsia, alocasia, sal- piglossis, sauromatum, spiderwort, and funkia. In this bed, and also across the walk are planted tulips, hyacinths, and some crocuses. Around the children’s playhouse are vines castle. The lake 40x 80 city garden 29. Gladiolus Sweet pea shrub 30. Japan quince Salmon peony 31. Weigela er seat. Vines of 32. White lilac atts paniculata 33- Ferns 7- Lila 34. Iris 48. Golden elder 35. Sfirza Van Houtter g 36. Bush honeysuckle 37- Hydrangea 38. Roses 39. Madeira vine . Rack of nasturtiums love} 40. Japan honeysuckle - Rhubarb 41. Sweet Mary and Columbine Tomatoes 42. Spiderwort . Compost heap 43- Red peony O. Trees is 6x6 feet and six feet high, and made of 2-inch pine, and is intended for a toboggan slide in winter, the incline coming down into the lawn and the slide continuing to the house. The seats under the arbors are made of two-inch sidewalk plank of narrow widths; the seat at No. 46 is five feet long and about twenty inches wide, the one at No. 24 is four feet long and fifteen inches wide. Both are painted light stone color, so as to maintain a pleasing contrast to the dark shadows of the arbor recesses. One of the most interesting features of the garden is formed by the water-lily pond. The hill of slag is covered with Othonna and a forest of “old man”"’ shelters the is planted with water-lilies and irises, etc. Showing the steps leading up the hill to the castle over which cypress vine is Elephant’s ear in the foreground. Water-lilies in flower growing. From whatever position this little pond is viewed, a most charming picture is obtained, the clear water reflecting on its surface the lights and shadows of its surroundings and enhancing the beauty of the plants grow- ing on its banks, and just enough formal lines are presented in castle, mill and bridge to contrast with and render still more beautiful the natural grace of plant forms. To construct it, 1 had a plumber make and sink a galvanized-iron pan, ten feet long, six feet wide and one foot deep, the pan shown by dotted lines on plan. The excavation was made deep enough and large enough to allow a depth of eight to ten inches of ashes and cinders to be placed under and around the pan, to prevent any lifting by frost. : The pan is connected with the sewer drain, and the outlet pipe is so arranged as to pre- vent the water overflowing in summer. It can be removed after the first heavy frosts, and the pond is kept entirely drained during THE GARDEN MAGAZINE the winter. The pan, sunk and connected with sewer drain, cost $8. The earth from the excavation was thrown up near the fence (and here I made an inner wall of inverted tomato cans to keep the dirt from rotting the fence) and this hill covered with slag from iron works. This was covered with low-trailing plants and a few miniature buildings and topped with a “forest,” and the whole forms a very pleasing background to the “lake.” The “castle” is cut out of half-inch pine and painted a light stone color. The “mill” with its old-fashioned over- shot wheel is made of half-inch stuff, and little boughs halved and nailed on the sides give it the appearance of being constructed of logs. The bridge is cut out of inch pine, painted stone color ,and makes a very pretty effect where placed; particularly pleasing is the reflection of its arch in the water of the pond. To construct the waterfall troughs were made and so placed that when water was turned on it would be carried from a pipe A lawn for croquet and other games. and abundance of flowers are in the border. FEBRUARY, 1906 The arbor is covered with Japan clematis Fruit trees in the bacKground back of the castle, over the waterfall, through a little stream down over the wheel of the mill; then the troughs were built up with stones, slag and earth and planted with trail- ing plants and moss, the whole to simulate a natural waterfall and stream. In the corners of the pan I piled up earth to three or four inches above the water line, and continued it outside of the pan, to form beds. These are planted with various moisture-loving plants. In one corner is the umbrella plant (Cyperus alternifolius) and Jacob’s-ladder (Polemonium ca@ruleum); in another corner is a huge mass of cat-tails. Plants of elephant’s-ears thrive wonder- fully in the moist soil adjoining the pond; here also some iris, both wild and cultivated, find themselves in their natural home and show their appreciation by a profusion of bloom. Last but not least, all weeds pulled up, leaves and grass clippings and some manure go to make up a compost heap, which is dug into the soil the following spring. Entrance to the backyard. Annuals give a mass of gorgeous color all summer Luxuriant growth of the Zanzibar castor bean. Largest leaf measures 42 inches across The complete landscape in the bacKyard is a great delight to the children FEBRUARY, 1906 Lilies the World Really Needs By WitHetm MILLer ee well illustrate the most important fact in plant breeding, viz., that at least half the battle is to find out what the world wants. You and I could walk through a ten-acre cauliflower patch on Long Island and never know whether there was a single plant in the whole outfit that ought to be saved for seed. Professor W. W. Tracy, the veteran seedsman, could tell. He could tell us the points of a cauliflower just as you may know the points of a St. Bernard dog. But. you and I do not know what kind of a cauli- flower the market demands, nor what one, most important quality the existent varieties lack. If we did, we could seize upon the slightest advance along that particular line. Without such knowledge, you and I would not be plant breeders—merely gamblers, with the chances a thousand to one against us. Yet the one thing that amateurs almost never do is to study the market end of a problem. America is full of dilettante inventors, who pin their faith on “inspiration” and never try to find out what value the world puts upon a thing. The patent office is full of inventions by country mechanics, who work alone and never get their ideas corrected by commerce with other people in the same line of work. And, sad to say, there is a regularly organized system of “bleeding” these good people by preying upon their vanity. So, too, there are, or have been, thousands of varieties of potatoes, dahlias, chrysanthemums, etc., raised by amateurs which are utterly and justly forgotten, simply because they were not along the main line of development. They were side issues. Nobody wanted them. ‘They were not enough better. There is no short and easy way to find out what the world needs in lilies or in anything else, but there is one method which is generally pursued by the masters of invention—the method of comparative study. Your trained inventor, like Edison or Elihu Thompson, does not work by chance or by “inspiration”’; he painfully finds out something the world lacks—not a little want, but a big one. Then he sends for all the patents along that line. He gets a whole “sub-class” for $10 or $15. In a week’s study of previous in- ventions he can find out what is the matter with them all, what they lack, and the line of effort is then clear. So, too, with lilies. You must grow them all and talk with other THE GARDEN MAGAZINE growers before you can create varieties worth while. There are orly two lilies, in my opinion, that the world really needs—a better Easter lily and a hardy wnite lily that will live out- doors all winter in the North. As nearly as I can make out, there are more dollars spent for Easter lilies than for any other kind. The dollar sign is usually a safe guide, but not always. In this case the true cause lies deeper. The lily at Easter appeals, not merely to a sense of beauty but to a funda- mental religious instinct. You find white lilies in some of the oldest pictures of the Resurrection. Easter is the greatest flower festival of the year; white is the favorite colcr then; lilies have been an Easter symbol for many centuries. No wonder we spend a quarter of a million annually for Easter lilies. I presume that the people of southern Europe do not have to force lilies for Easter as we do. Their lily—the lily of history— used to be forced by American florists until the Bermuda lily took its place. The old Annunciation or Madonna lily (Liliawm can- didum) has a bell-shaped flower, the Bermuda lily (Lilium longiflorum, var. eximium) has a large trumpet-shaped flower. These are the only two lilies that have ever taken kindly to forcing, and the main reason why the Bermuda lily displaced the Annunciation lily is that the florists could make it flower with greater ease and certainty than the other. The Bermuda lilyis reallya native of Japan, and it has been injured by the slovenly methods of “get-rich-quick” bulb growers in Bermuda. It has at least seven impor- tant insect enemies and diseases. Bermudan greed has nearly, if not quite, killed the goose \& wie) 29 that laid the golden egg. The only sure way to get rid of the troubles which cause such heavy losses to our florists seems to be the revolutionary method proposed by the United States Department of Agriculture, viz., to grow the bulbs ourselves from seed. Mr. George W. Oliver, of the Bureau of Plant Industry, has grown salable bulbs from seed in ten months—a feat which everybody supposed would require three or four years. He has even grown lilies from seed in six months and thirteen days. The problem of the Easter lily, therefore, is in good hands. Meanwhile the best thing the amateur and the florist can do is to pay a high price for Bermuda-grown bulbs for Christmas forcing and get the Japan-grown bulbs in November for Easter forcing. It may be years before the Department dis- tributes the new stock. ‘The regular course is to send novelties to commercial growers who are interested, and let them multiply the stock for the people; the public would only waste such things. I wouldn’t write the Secretary now for bulbs. He will tell us all at the proper time. We cannot get them any sooner. However, if you can’t wait you can grow Easter lilies yourself from seed. You can send for the Department bulletin, which tells you just how to do it. You can read “The Easter Lily—a Romance of Horticulture” in Country Life in America for April, 1904. After this, if no clear-cut plan of action sug- gests itself you will never be a second Bur- bank. You will only “putter.” It is more than likely that the problem of the hardy white lily will be solved, as a by- product of the Easter lily study, because Lilium longiflorum is said to come from a part of Japan whence we get other things The Annunciation, or Madonna lily (L. candidum) is the best white hardy lily we have, but it is not good enough. There is a fortune awaiting the man who can give us a better one 30 that are hardy in the northern United States. How could a man get bulbs of Lilium longi- florum from the northernmost spot in Japan, where they grow wild, I wonder? Who has grown Lilium longiflorum the farthest north of any one in America ? Why isn’t Lilium candidum good enough for a hardy white lily? Because it is more susceptible to disease than any other; be- cause no one knows whether to plant it deep or shallow, give manure or not, divide fre- quently or leave alone. Plenty of people have succeeded temporarily by opposite methods; no one is sure of permanent suc- cess and knows why. Can the facts be dis- covered and proved? Can the difficulties be overcome? There is a small fortune waiting for the man who will first give us a hardy white lily; possibly, also, a GARDEN MacGa4ZINE Achievement Medal. While there is no quick way of finding out what the world wants there is an excellent way of clarifying your ideas as to what the market does and does not get. Make a chart like the one on this page, which shows at a glance the kinds of lilies we do not have. In order to do this consider what are the two most valuable characteristics of the group of plants in which you are interested. In this case, the shape and color of the flowers are clearly the most important items. Therefore, range your important colors across the page and the shapes down one side. Try to fill each space with the name of the best variety of that shape and color. In this case there were so many good varieties in certain squares that I have made two tables, one for the spotted lilies and one for the lilies without spots. Now see what interesting flashlights such a chart throws upon our problem. Consider the spotted lilies. Practically all of them are turban-shaped, and it is evident that in this class there is room for a yellow tiger lily. The tiger lily is the commonest and cheapest of all lilies, the easiest to grow and one of the most permanent. Why should we not have this type in all colors, with and without spots? Evidently the tiger lily should be the basis of the plant breeder’s work, because it has every desirable quality except a wide range of colors. The other spotted lily of supreme impor- tance is Lilium speciosum. it is one of the most informal-growing lilies; the tiger lily one of the most formal. The rosy pink form of Lilium speciosum is the common- est, and the best for general purposes. The white variety, I fear, is neither so robust nor attractive. We have two series of colors in lilies—the strong ones red, orange, yellow, and the delicate ones white and pink. No species has been known to cross the color line. But why should we not have white and pink tiger lilies? Or Lilium speciosum in red, orange and yellow? I should think it would be worth $100 to create any of these varieties. I don’t want a blue lily or a green or purple one; andI believe the world doesnot, any more than it wants such monstrosities as blue roses, carnations, chrysanthemums or peonies. As to the unspotted lilies, the chart shows THE GARDEN MAGAZINE The best Easter lily we have is the so-called “Bermuda” lily (ZL. longiflorum, var. eximium), but the getting of healthy bulbs is too much of a lottery. Something radical must be done that we have no funnel-shaped flowers in red or orange; no cup-shaped flowers in white or pink; and no turban-shaped flowers in the latter colors. All these combinations would seem to be attractive, and the chart suggests how to go at them, e. g., the first by crossing L. longiflorum and L. tigrinum; the second, FEBRUARY, 1906 L. elegans and L. candidum; the third, L. tigrinum and L. speciosum, var. album. All this sounds delightfully simple. The trouble is it doesn’t work. Nothing is easier than to cross lilies, because the ‘flowers are so large, but nothing ever comes of the crosses. You get seeds and they grow and look won- derfully unlike in their young stages, but when they come into flower they are the same old thing. Peter Barr once told me that he had about an acre of lily seedlings. He spent no end of time hybridizing lilies, collecting seed, sowing it, and gloating over his thousands of young plants, no two of which were alike, but when they bloomed did he get anything new ? Not one solitary lily. “T saved P. ,’ exclaimed Mr. Barr, naming a famous American botanical ex- plorer. “I saved him from wasting his life trying to grow lily hybrids. He had started into the business and I warned him in time.” It is a singular thing that no lily hybrids of importance have ever been produced. True, the nankeen lily (Lilium testaceum) looks like a hybrid, and its native country is unknown. Who will solve this mystery for us? Why is it so easy to cross lilies and so hard to “break the type.” Who will give us lilies the world really needs—not a trifling lot of varieties which are just a little different from those mentioned in this table? And who can tell us varieties that are better than any that are named in this connection? The columns of THE GARDEN MAGAZINE are open to anyone who can carry our knowledge of the subject beyond this point. THE BEST SPOTTED LILIES WHITE PINK RED ORANGE YELLOW PRIMROSE Runnels eee Bellet alse eepaeteeee Chbibclossccsassace tigrinum superbum ARWAEING ooiocasscces speciosum speciosum speciosum Henryi Leichtlinii var. album var. Melpomene| pardalinum puberulum THE BEST UNSPOTTED LILIES WHITE PINK RED ORANGE YELLOW PRIMROSE Japonicum INA 5 oo Soscse55- longiflorum var. roseum Parry Belton miscistoseine candidum rubellum Canadense Canadense Canadense elegans, var. | elegans, var. | elegans, var. elegans, var. (Cibo ssossodeaoud Best Red fulgens alutaceum tenuifolium partheneion ANAL Oo Soncseess testaceum Chalcedonicum monadelphum A chart showing the best lilies of every shape and color. The blanks show which types have no hardy representa- tives in cultivation. A method of indicating opportunities for the plant breeder which can be adapted to any group of plants. The Pacific Coast species are L. pardalinum, puberulum and Parry. FEBRUARY. 1906 THE GARDEN MAGAZINE 31 GIANT PANSIES VAUGHAN’S INTERNATIONAL The World's Best. This mixture has been made up and sold by us for fifteen years. It contains the most varied colors, types, blendings and unique kinds that can be found in all the world. During the past three or four years we have added only the Giant strains which have been produced by French and German growers. Enormous in size, many with ruffled edges, with extremely thick velvety petals. This is the best general mixture in existence, and is the most widely known and popular. The worth of our Pansy Seed is best known to professional florists. Probably more than half of the American florists use our seeds. Price, Pkt. (250 seeds) 25 cts.; 5 Pkts. (1,250 seeds) $1.00 NEW ORCHID-FLOWERED PANSIES A mixture of the most surprising, novel, unique and beautiful color combinations, entirely new among Pansies. The ground color of nearly all the flowers is in light shades; the petals are marked with large brown or golden yellow blotches which diffuse into rays and veins toward the edge. The upper petals are upright and sort of plaited, which gives the flowers their resemblance to orchids. The colors range in the terra-cotta shadings as well as in the flesh, orange, rose, pink and lilac. Pkt. 15 cts. Vaughan’s “ Elite’’ Mixture of Pansies This is not a complete mixture like our International; it does not contain any pure white, yellow or any self colors, nor any other of the well-known kinds. It is comprised of the Cream of four Pansy specialists’ choicest and most expensive mixtures and such new and novel kinds as listed above. It is a mixture that will please everybody who likes Pansies and can appreciate quality in color, shape, size and substance—in fact everything that makes a perfect Pansy. Aan Pkt. (250 seeds) 50 cts. Was awarded a Medal at the World’s Fair in Chicago in 1893, a Medal at the Trans-Missicsippi Exposition in Omaha in 1898, a Medal at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo in 1901. Parks and cemeteries East and West have used our International Pansy Mixture. Among these we may mention Oakwoods, Rose Hill and Mt. Greenwood Cemeteries and Linco’n Park and Washington Park, Chicago; The Public Garden, Boston; Prospect Park, Brooklyn, N. Y. TESTIMONIALS, Henley Beach, South Australia. I had not intended growing any Pansies next season, but your ‘*‘ Elite Mixture ”’ is so good everybody who sees the flowers will want some. Your “‘International’’and‘‘Giant’’ Pansy Mixtures are also splendid, in fact the very best I’ve secn. I am pleased to be able to say that all seeds I have had from you have been fresh and good, and in every CF Way just as yourepresentthem to be. =: mea | A f the seeds I am now ordering are SATO ~ equal to the previous lots I have had I shall be more than satisfied. J. Ernest PApMAN. = = Honolulu, H. T., Oct. 4th, 190s. Your International Pansies were grand. People who have traveled extensively in America and Europe said they had never seen my Pansies equaled. Et SNYDER. S Se P is more effective if the bark of the trees is No seed annual published can in any respect approach kept smooth. Fallen, infested fruit should ane OUR Wh SUGECESOTME sana edkeon be destroyed by feeding or otherwise before : ‘ the worms therein escape. Winter birds are Mailed FREE on application. valuable allies of the fruit growers as they empty many cocoons, and therefore they J. M. THORBURN & CO., 36 Cortlandt Street, New York should be attracted to orchards and gardens Over a Century in business in New York City as much as possible. E. P. FEtt. New York State Entomologist. FEBRUARY, 1906 THE GARDEN MAGAZINE 39 Of SEEDS, PLANTS, BULBS, TOOLS, BOOKS, Etc., For the Garden, Greenhouse, Lawn and Farm. BEAUTIFUL — INSTRUCTIVE — ELABORATE. 188 large pages, richly illustrated with photographs from nature; \ 8 colored and 6 duotone plates, and art cover. It weighs 1 pound. TO GIivE Henderson's Gatalogue “Everything for the Garden’ the largest possible distribution, we make the following liberal offer: EVERY ESIPTY ENVELOPE COUNTS AS CASH To every one who will state where this advertisement was seen and who encloses Ten Cents (in stamps or coin), we will mail the catalogue and also send free of charge Our famous 50c. “HENDERSON” COLLECTION OF SEEDS containing one packet each of Giant Mixed Sweet Peas; Giant Fancy Pansies, Mixed; Giant Victoria Asters, Mixed; New York Lettuce; Larly Ruby Tomato and White-tipped Scarlet Radish in a coupon envelope, which, when emptied and returned, will be accepted as a 25-cent cash payment on any order amounting to $1.00 and upward. (0 | 35.AND 37 * CORTLANDT ST., gees cree en ete a Wisve, OBSERVATORY BEE HIvE ‘¢Saved Twenty Times Its Cost ”’ “T am writing this,’’ says E. C. Parmelee, Highlands, N. J., ‘‘ by the light of one of your | Angle Lamps. In fact I would not think of using any other light. They are the lamps. | eS Everyone who has seen mine is impressed with them. Why, I have saved at least twenty { q One of the best educators for beginners times their cost in oil, burners, chimneys and ‘cuss words.’”’ The Angle Lamp is not an improvement on the old style lamp but an entirely new In Bee Keeping 1S the Observatory Hive principle of oil lighting which has made common kerosene (or coal oil) the most _satisfac- tory of all lighting methods. Safer and more reliable than gasoline, or acetylene, yet as convenient to operate as gas or electricity. Books are good, but what you read is easily forgotten, and nothing will impress facts upon your mind as : The ANG LE LAMP readily as witnessing them. We manufacture the most complete line of bee-keepers’ supplies in the world. | is lighted and extinguished like gas. May be turned high or low without odor. No smoke, no danger. Filled while lighted and without moving. Requires filling but once ci 4 or twice a week. It floods a room with its beautiful, soft, mellow light that has no equal. Write for Catalog and for little bee boboks—AI] Free. Write for our catalog ‘41’ and our proposition for a Ee ROOT CO. Main Office, Medina, Ohio || OU DESY SPREE TRIO. Write for our catalog 4r listing thirty-two varieties of The Angle Lamp from BRANCHES $1.80 up, now—before you forget it—before you turn this leaf—for it gives New York City, 44 Vesey Street Philadelphia 10 Vine Street you the benefit of our ten years of experience with a// lighting methods. Chicago, 144 E. Erie St. Washington, D. C., 1100 Maryland Ave., S. W. fs THE ANGLE MFG. CO., 78-80 Murray St., New York rise 40 THE GARDEN MAGAZINE FEBRUARY, 1906 DO YOU KNOW WHAT Trane Shrubs and Plants | are hardy in CANADA? If not write for our beautifully illustrated book, “WHAT TO PLANT IN CANADA.” A particular feature of this book is a map | of the Dominion showing the hardiness of If you in Montreal, Toronto or Winnipeg, or if your summer home is at Murray Bay, The Thousand Islands, Muskoka, etc., | | you can avoid disappointment by obtaining || this book. || ornamental plants in any locality. live Sent free to anyone intending to do planting, on receipt of 12 cts. to cover cost of mailing. || CANADIAN NURSERY COMPANY (LIMITED) 2210 St. Catherine Street, Montreal, Canada RAPES draw large quantities of PotasH from the soil. This must be replaced in the ferti- lizer, else the vine cannot thrive. Interesting pictures of grape vines, grown with and without Portas, are shown in “Plant Food,” one of a number of valuable books for the farmer, which we send free for the asking. Send name and address. } Address, GERMAN KALI WORKS, 93 Nassau Street, New York. TREES FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL STRAWBERRIES AND HOWTO “GROW THEM 1906 Worth its BOOK Bae FREE pe i The Book that beats them all because it tells how big crops of big fancy strawberries can be grown every year and how to pick and pack them for big prices. It keeps Experienced Growers posted on new discoveries in plant breeding and latest cultural methods. It takes beginners through a complete course of instruction ; tells just when and how to do ev erything to get Big Results, and how to start a Profitable Berry Farm with little capital. Beautifully illustrated with photo-engravings. Don’t order your plants until you read this book. It is free. R. M. KELLOGG CO., Box 690, THREE RIVERS, MICH. 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Send your name and learn how to secure these books free. iW ROCHESTER NEW YORK Illustrated Descriptive Catalogue (144 pages), also Descriptive List of Novelties and Spec ial ties with beautiful colored plate of the New Hardy White Rose Frau Druschki, mailed FREE on request. TRADE MARK BRO. JONATHAN Fruit-Grower Co., 104 S. 7th St., St. Joseph, Mo. WHEN YOU WANT WRITE FOR COMPLETE CATALOG HARRINGTON & RICHARDSON ARMS CO. 373 PARK AVE.., WORCESTER, MASS. Pruning Shears Will Snip a Broom Handle That gives you an idea of the strength and quality of the pruner. Wiss Pruning Shears will outlast a dozen ordinary ones. They will cut tissue paper. That shows how nicely they are adjusted. Nurserymen and growers of fine trees use them in preference to all other shears—they will cut clean the thickest twigs or the most delicate tendrils without tearing. Wiss dealers will replace free of charge any shears returned defective or unsatisfactory. All parts are interchangeable. If any part (say the blade) becomes worn, itcan be replaced, thus making the shears as good as new at a slight cost. in two sizes—9 inch, $2.25; 10 inch, $2.50 Extra blades, 50 cents each. For sate by all dealers. J.WISS & SONS CO., 15-33 Littleton Ave., Newark, N.J. Made SPECIAL PREMIUM OFFER To all readers of the GARDEN MAGAZINE we are offering special inducements on Seeds. Our 64- page Descriptive, Illustrated Catalogue will give you full particulars. Don’t miss this grand opportunity. Write to-day. Mailed Free. A postal will bring it. W. E. MARSHALL & CO., 146 W. 23d St., New York JAMES VICKS pil SEWAGE AND GARBAGE: DISPOSAL problems are solved for Country homes and summer camps by INTERNATIONAL INCINERATORS Sanitary, odorless, thoroughly practical. Illustrated book- let and prices on request. Special proposition to agents. INTERNATIONAL INCINERATOR CO., 648 Prudential Bldg., Buffalo, N.Y. FEBRUARY, 1906 Me Garden Magazine Bush of Frau Karl Druschki, fourteen months from planting. Why not have the Best Roses Since they require no more space or care (except to cut the extra blooms) ? OUR OFFER for 1906 includes: 12 Best Garden Roses, 12 Best Everblooming Hybrid Teas, 22 New Roses, and the cream of the old. Our Roses were awarded a Gold Medal at St. Louis. Killarney, Baby Rambler, Frau Karl Druschki, Franz Deegan, Gruss an Teplitz, etc., etc. Chowe Shrubs and Trees of all kinds. CATALOGUE FREE. S. G. HARRIS, = Tarrytown, N. Y. THE GARDEN MAGAZINE The Garden Magazine WINDBREAK AND SCREEN PLANTING AT WESTBURY NURSERIES F.vergreens for Winter Comfort Evergreens are often considered as expensive, isolated ornaments for the lawn. There is a work they will do if planted in quantity. Plant them as windbreaks, shelter belts, screens, for ornament, and increase the beauty, comfort and value of your property. The foresight and skill of the WESTBURY We have evergreens by the 100,000 and make them profttable. NURSERIES make this possible. Reforest your barren lands grown oz Long Island, from Long Island seed, to fit Long Island conditions. Send for price list of transplanted and seedling evergreens—the white, Austrian, Scotch and densiflora pines, the spruces, at low rates in quantity. Order now for Spring planting. Cedars, pines, firs, spruces, 15 to 45 feet high. 400 feet of old sheared Hemlock hedge, 8 by 8 feet, moved at any season by the HICKS’ TREE- MOVERS, built for various types of tree and soil. ISAAC HICKS & SON, Nurserymen and Scientific Treemovers WESTBURY STATION, LONG ISLAND, N. Y. HOME STUDY COURSES | Pe. interested in farming or garden- ing, everyone who owns or who expects to own asuburban oracountry home, should know about The Home Study Courses in Agri- culture, Horticulture, Land- scape Gardening and Flori- culture, which we offer under Prof. Wm. P. Brooks of the Massachusetts Agricultural College and Prof. John Craig of Cornell University. @ There is money and pleasure, too, in farming and gardening, in the growing of fruit and of flowers, for those who understand the ways how and the reasons why of modern agriculture. A knowledge of landscape gardening and flori- culture is indispensable to those JOHN CRAIG Professor of Horticulture in Cornell University who would have the pleasantest homes. q Every reader of THE GarpeN MacaziNe who is interested in these matters is invited to send for a free copy of our eighty-page catalogue and full infor- mation in regard to our home study courses. THE HOME CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOL Dept. 8, SPRINGFIELD, MASS. MAKE YOUR GROUNDS BEAUTIFUL of blooded stock. Consultation on all land problems. Correspondence invited. FEBRUARY, 1906 THE GARDEN MAGAZINE 43 If it isn’t an Eastman, it isn’t a Kodak. There’s a world of delight in KODAK Home Portraiture, and it is simpler than most people think. Beautiful results are obtainable by the light of an ordinary window, or by flashlight. A _ portrait attachment, at fifty cents, adapts the small Kodak to the making of good sized bust photographs. The simple methods are made clear in: ‘““Amateur Portraiture by, Blashlight, Wy by Wm. S. Ritch, : - = $| 10) ‘“Home Portraiture, Me by FE. M. Sicadhaen, - - 25 “Modern Way of Picture Making ’’ contains full text of both of above, and special articles by the leading authorities, including Stieglitz, Eickemeyer, Dugmore, Demachy, etc., 200 pages beautifully illustrated. Bound in cloth. The most clear, concise and comprehensive book ever published for the amateur, - and Hardiest Known DENDRON awbiense na Mountain Species. by Highlands Nursery Carolina Mountains, yation. By the single lots. The most unique catalog published (ex- tive Plants). The Best RHODO. Cat True Caroli Grown only in the high 3,800 ft. ele plant or car All Kodak dealers or by mail. EASTMAN KODAK CoO. Rochester, N. Y., The Kodak City. Amateur Kodak Portrait made by the light of an ordinary window. and beautiful clusively Na Garden =Seed Wisdom Can we persuade you to plan your vegetable HARLAN P. KELSEY 6 Beacon St., Boston e€ FERRIS Trademark 1s never put on a Ham or Bacon that has not been cured and smoked under our personal supervision! garden at. onceP Your keen enjoyment will amply compensate you for the little time and effort necessary in the early spring. Study the seed catalogue, as so much of your later success depends upon the varieties ordered. You get results from your garden that money cannot buy—better than anything in the market, and fresh every day. Our **q Little ook About Roses” IT LEADS THEM ALL Washburn College, Topeka, Kansas, Feb. 11, 1905. “ After reading the big padded catalogues in which the most common things, even trash, are described in the superlative, it is a tonic to take up your little book, which dares to tell the truth.”’ (Prof.) W. A. Harshbarger. Tufts College, Mass., Feb. 6, 1905. ““Your modest catalogue, just received, is worth some whole volumes on accountof its concise and complete directions on the cul- ture of the Rose, and I own a good many works on floriculture.”’ G. W. Bullard. Easton, Md., Oct. 8, 1905. “Tl admire your frankness, and if there were more such catalogues floriculture would be brought to a higher plane.”’ C. D. Lee. 1906 edition ready Feb. Ist. May I send you acopy? It’s free to intending planters. G. H. PETERSON, Rose and Peony Specialist FAIR LAWN, NEW JERSEY Therefore, Cs little higher In price— \ But!” 7 Gardenisakann Manual For 1906 describes all choic- : | est varieties of vege- Inousetaseee | tables and flowers. The Iron Age Hor- ticultural Label and Row Index marks place and date of planting, shows name, varie- ty, fertilizer used, and date of maturity. Card removable, pro- tected by weather-proof Grits al {i mica cover, and held at Label convenient angle for reading naval yY Forms valuable record at end of Raw season. Made of high quality of 4 iron, galvanized, and will last a life- Index fey time. For sale by all prominent deal- ers and seedsmen or sent, charges paid, on receipt of 30 cents in stamps. IRON AGE Horticultural Lable and Row Index Our Two New Tomatoes JUNE PINK and STRAIN No. 10 SPARKS’ EARLIANA J are without peers in their respective classes. The earliest of all, one in pink and the other in red sorts; perfectly smooth. Two weeks ahead of any other varieties. Round, solid, fleshy and of fine flavor. Price: JUNE PINK—Pkt., 20c; 3 pkts., 50c; 7 pkts., $1. STRAIN No. 10 SPARKS’ EARLIANA—Pkt., 15c¢; ¥% oz., 60c; oz., $1. Put the seed in NOW. Transplant into pots or berry § baskets and keep them in warm place until danger of frost is f over. Then transplant outside and have choice fruit the latter part of June. 2 mM | JOHNSON & STOKES "Philadelphia is only one of the famous Iron Age Garden Implements. _—A full line of Wheel Hose, Hill and Drill Seeders, Cultivators, etc., are illustrated and described in our New Iron Age Book. Mailed free on petuere BATEMAN MFG. CW., Box C, Grenloch, N. J. For Liquor and Drug Using A scientific remedy which has been skilfully and successfully administered by medical specialists for the past 25 years Seeds, Plants, Roses, Bulbs, Vines, Shrubs, Fruitand Ornamental Trees The best by 52 vears test, 1,200 acres, 40 in hardy roses, ne better grown, 44 green- houses of Palms, Ferns, Fieus. Geraniums, Everblooming Roses and other things too numerous to mention. Seeds, Plants, Roses, ete., by mail postpaid, safe arrival and sat- istnetion guaranteed, larzer by express or freight. You will be interested in our extraordi- nary cheap offers of over half a hundred choice 24 collections in Seeds, Plants Roses, Trees, ete. Elegant 168-page Catalogue FREE. Send for it to-day and see what values we give for a little money. THE STORRS & HARRISON CO. Box 180, PAINESVILLE, OHIO AT THE FOLLOWING KEELEY INSTITUTES: Harrisburg, Pa. Pittsburg, Pa., 4246 Fifth Ave. Providence, R. I. Salt Lake City, Utah Buffalo, N. Y. White Plains, N. Y. Columbus, ©., 1087 N. Dennison Ave. Philadelphia, Pa., 812 N. Broad St. Des Moines, Ia. Lexington, Mass. Portland, Me St. Louis, Mo., 2808 Locust St. North Conway. N. H. Rirmingham, Ala. Washington. D. C., Hot Springs, Ark. 211 N. Capitol St. San Francisco, Cal., Dwight, Ill. 1190 Market St. Marion, Ind. West Maven, Conn. Plainfield, Ind. THE GARDEN | KELLERS GORGEOUS Hardy Garden Flowers “* Little wonder that a plant so boldly decorative in outline and bearing a flower of exquisite coloring so marvelously formed should make its strongest appeal to the artistic Japanese. From these fore- most gardeners of the world has come a strain of irises that neither orchids nor lilies can rival in beauty of form, texture coloring, markirgs and general effectiveness. Yet the /7zs Kemfferi may be as easily grown as the potato. Moreover, it is perfectly hardy. High, dry lands do not suit its moisture-loving roots, but good garden soil, en- riched with thoroughly decayed manure, deeply dug in and well watered during May and June—the blos- som months in the northeastern United States—will produce flowers of wonderful size. Do notselecta shady place for your irises. They thrive under full exposure to the sun, but moisture they must have to bloom their best, and sometimes their roots will penetrate two feet deep to get it. Naturalized in the water garden, they are ideally situated; but let no one forego the delight of growing Japanese irises merely because he has nota pond or stream on his place. Some exceedingly fine specimens have been produced in a city backyard.”’ —Neltje Blanchan in the Garden Magazine. The Japanese Iris is one of the many beautiful perennials that make up a hardy garden, a garden of charm that gives continuous bloom from frost to frost, year after year, with practically no other expense than that incurred the first season. We are specialists on hardy perennials, growing them exclusively, having in our nurseries all the best varieties. We shall be glad to send you our 1906 catalogue and advise in the planning and selection of stock for the hardy garden. Write us to-day. I. Bo KELLER SONS 1023 SOUTH AVE., ROCHESTER, N,Y. light. My oil stove would smoke at times— the orchids resented it. It soon became clear that either the pit or the orchids must be given up. The latter won, and a small greenhouse measuring 18x20 feet was built, and success of a sortcame. ‘The plants did not die, and I succeeded in producing some of the most gorgeous of flowers. The collection was still a mixed one, and it was soon evident that all kinds could not be grown together to perfection. My fancy ran to cattleyas, as they seemed to yield the greatest return in the way of large and su- perbly colored flowers. As the newer addi- tions to the collection came into flower, they were compared with the older ones, and the best only were kept for future cultivation. This is the exciting and attractive feature of orchid growing. It must be remembered that practically no two imported plants are alike. Herein lies the overwhelming differ- ence between these plants and the ordinary run of the more popular flowers, which dupli- | cate one another to the limits of multiplica- tion. All orchids have an_ individuality. The glorious uncertainty of not knowing ex- actly what blending of coloring will develop, and the always present poss sibility of some- thing very fine or rare being flowered in your collection removes the orchid cult from that of the other greenhouse plants. By rapid strides the addition of finer types crowded the space in my greenhouse, and larger quarters were planned. By successive stages more glass was provided, until to-day I have my choicest plants, numbering into the thousands, in a structure of 25 X 125 feet. Unflowered imported plants are added from time to time, and the surplus finds its way back to the auction rooms to sell for what it may. If one can successfully grow the cattleya it is quite possible to have blooms all the year | round. The best types for cut flowers are these: Name Season of Bloom Cattleya labiata, var Sandertana. (C. gigas), and C. War- GYAN ee er June-August aa Wars \Dozcrana== seen eee September—November “ “ Perctvalliana........ .November—December x “ Trianz ...... .......December—February x < Schradertana........-March-Apmnil “e “ Mossia-.-...-.....-..May—June a So Mendelli 2 es eed May-July The first named is the most gorgeously beautiful, and the most difficult to manage— it wants all the light possible, and a peculiarly cool buoyancy of the air that can be learned only by experience. Hardy’s cattleya, which flowers with it, is easier to grow, and to many people is even more pleasing in its coloring. It isa natural hybrid of C. gigas and C. aurea, and is remarkable for the large size of the flowers and the beautiful mottled or honey- comb effect on the purple-mauve petals. The easiest of all to grow is C. Jabiata, which will thrive in an ordinary greenhouse. It is preéminently the amateur’s orchid, and can be purchased at very moderate prices. Orchids are not necessarily expensive. Some of those I have named can even be bought for one dollar each, but the man who pays more for well-selected plants will get more than the extra money’s worth. New Jersey. CLEMENT Moore. MAGAZINE FEBRUARY, 1906 THE GARDEN UNIT PACKET DES A NEW IDEA FOR THE GARDEN EVERY LOVER of the garden will be pleased to hear of my new and onginal method of putting up all garden seeds. Every packet that | now send out is guar- anteed to contain just enough seeds to fully plant one 10- foot row; two packets will fully plant 20 feet; three packets 30 feet, etc. This method eliminates all guess- work and enables you to estimate exactly the cost of your garden. You pay for just the exact amount you want— not for more than you want. MY SEEDS have been for years recognized as the standard. NASTURTIUMS are my specialty. My Flowerlover’s Mixtures are un- questionably the finest ever offered. They are especially mixed from selected named varieties by my own formulae, insuring giant flowers of the most beautiful colors, and so carefully proportioned as to give the greatest variety in every package. [| also make a specialty of Acom Shirley Poppies. MY SPECIAL OFFER is good for a limited period only and entitles you to all the following privileges : Membership in the Flowerlover’s Club. My Little Green Book for the Garden for 1906. The Flowerlover's Bulletin for one year. My Little Brown Book of Dutch Bulbs. Hints by Peter the Gardener. The biggest and best investment you can make for your garden this year. 10 cents covers ALL . . 10 cents Write to-day for pamphlets and full particulars. HENRY SAXTON ADAMS WELLESLEY, MASS. TRY THE NEW vierenn Tomato The greatest vegetable novelty of the season. By all odds the largest, finest flavored and most productive in existence. Thousands of our cus- tomers have written us that it surpassed other sorts and produced 100 Ibs. to 147 Ibs. of fruit to the plant. Many reported single toma- toes weighing 3 Ibs. to 64s Ibs. each. Just think what this kind of crop w ould mean on an acre of ground. The fruits are not coarse-grained and poor like other large sorts, but are smooth, solid, have few seeds, and are unsurpassed in quality. Of fine shape and beautiful color. The first season the seed sold at 40c. a packet of 100 seeds, but this season we have reduced price to z5 Cents, and in addition to this we are offering $100.00 in Cash prizes this year on them. Our large illustreted catalog de- scribing the above and many other choice novelties will be sent free if you mention this paper. IOWA SEED CO. Des Moines, lowa with or without PEDESTALS Send for illustrated Price List H Hartmann Bros. Mfg. Co. Mit. Vernon, N. Y. SPRING TS COMERS Arouse to the necessity of ordering EARLY Hardy Perennials May Soon be Planted We offer a Choice Collection, also the BEST OF CHRYSANTHEMUNMS, CARNATIONS, CANNAS, GERANIUMS AND OTHER TENDER STOCK Send for Illustrated Catalogue NATHAN SMITH & SON, ** “So ace e= Adrian, Mich. FRBRUARY, 1966 E - % 2 o Roepe f P ] A N f I . S FOR DARK SHADY PLACES _While we grow many thousands of the hardy garden flowers which require open sunlight for their growth, like Phloxes, Cam- panulas, Peonies, Digitalis, etc., there is a demand for something to grow in dark shady places where the hardy garden plants will not thrive. We find just such a class of plants in the HARDY WILD FERN AND FLOWERS of New England. ‘These we have been studying and growing for 25 years, and can help you in your selec- tions. ‘They are adapted fora great many places, and selections can be made for beautifying the dark corner by the porch, the shaded wall of hedge, shady hillsides, wet places in both open sun, deep shade, dry woods and rocky places. Brilliant lobelias for planting in small brooks; dainty gentians for planting by brookside. Before purchasing send for my illustrated descriptive catalogue of over 50 pages, which tells about this class of plants. EDW. GILLETT, Southwick, Mass. OLD-FASHIONED FLOWER GARDEN The sweet old-fashioned flowers Grandmother used to plant are again coming into prominence. Nothing so sweet and pretty for cut flowers as those of olden times. A corner of your garden devoted to them will be a delight the whole season through. For 20c (cash or 2c stamps) we will mail you postpaid our “‘Grandmother’s Flower Garden,” with full cul- tural directions. Consists of 10 full-size packets of seed of these beautiful flowers. Don’t miss this opportunity for securing hours of enjoyment. This offer we can afford to make only as a means of in- troducing ourselves to new customers. We send with the collection our 72-page illustrated catalogue describing the best things in flowers and plants. Honest, truthful de- scriptions with no exaggeration, therefore no disappoint- ments. Send to-day before our supply of collections is exhausted MONADNOCK GREENHOUSES KEENE, N. H. STRAWBERRY PLANTS Virginia and Chesapeake, winners of $100 GOLD PRIZE offers; also Cardinal, Commonwealth, North Shore, Oaks Early, New York, Glen Mary, Stevens Champion, and go others; best list, good stock, reason- able prices. Dewberries: Lucretia and Austin’s. Cabbage: New Volga and 20 other S Cucumbers: Pen- varieties. E E D insula Prize, Allen’s Pride of the Market, Arlington Spine, Shamrock, etc, Cantaloupes: Allen’s First Choice, True Rocky Ford. Toma- toes: Livingston s Globe, Allen’s Best, Chalk Jewel, Maule’s Ear- liest, Earliana, etc. Kansas King, Eighty Day Yellow Dent, Mary- land Queen Field Corn. Best new and standard Garden, Field and Flower seeds, Asparagus Roots, Special Agricultural Implements, etc. 60 PAGE CATALOGUE FREE. Send address on postal NOW. It tells about lots of good things for the farm and garden and where to get them. W.F. ALLEN, Dept. 42, Salisbury, Md. Ay 1 7 ) \ ¢ bil Hi) » > / Mie om We Git is he it i, GUI TINESS ae ‘RED RIVER VALL! EARLY OHIOS grown in the cold Northwest are unsur- | passed for vigor and early maturity. Olds’ pure select seed is the best that can be obtained. Prices reasonable. Send postal for 80-Page Catalog Potatoes, ; Corn, Oats, Barley, Clover Seed, Grass Seed, Garden Seeds, ete, Z L. L. Olds Seed Co., Drawer 17 , a Wis. CT ll Uv THE GARDEN MAGAZINE 45 Multiply the Joys of Gardening The home gardener who uses the Iron Age Garden Implements gets far the greatest returns of pleasure and profit from the occupation. The wonderful adaptability of these tools to every need of the garden and wish of the gardener is a pleasure in itself. The delightful ease of operation is another source of satisfaction, and gives the user all the enjoyment of gardening with the work left out. Be teON AGE wee, NO IMPLEMENTS : Strong and durable in construction, yet ‘light enough to be easily operated by a woman. With the No. 6 Iron Age Combined Double and Single Wheel Hoe, Hill and Drill Seeder and its interchangeable attachments you can prepare the ground and distribute the fertilizer. At a single operation it will open the ground, : plant and cover seed, in either rows, hills or drills. A slight change of attachments, enables you to plow, hoe, rake, roll, weed or cultivate the garden. The No. x Iron Age Double and Single Wheel Hoe is fully equipped with hoes, plows, rakes : A No. 6 Iron \ and cultivating teeth. Adjustable in a moment, it completely filling every Uy, g No. 1 dee Combined \ desire in handling the soil. Makes it easy to keep down weeds between y Yd Tronics one gem the showers, or to conserve the moisture in time of drouth. Y 4 and Single There are many other labor-saving Iron GY 4 Wheel Hoe, ~ \Ex Age Implements fully described in our WS. K\ D> New Iron Age Book. Contains many Sao valuable garden hints, and is mailed Fo free on request. S=! IF ae BATEMAN MFG. CO., Box C,Grenloch,N.J. and Drill \ S. Seeder. ry GENUINE PERUVIAN GUANO FOR THE FRUIT ORCHARD Experienced fruit growers are learning that they should not use acidulated fertilizing materials in their fruit orchards. NOTE HOW THEORY AND PRACTICE AGREE TH EO R Prof. F. A. Waugh, of the Department of Agriculture of the Massachusetts Agricultural College, writes us concerning Peruvian Guano: “‘ Theoretically, I have a notion that it (Peruvian Guano) is one of the best forms in which to use Nitrogen on fruit trees.”” Pp RACTICE Mr. David L. Fiske, of the Massachusetts State Fruit Growers’ A ssoct- ation, with large orchards in Worcester Co., Mass., writes us under date of August 21st, 1905 : “‘ Lwillsay that Ihave been growing peaches for market for the past thirty years, and though the summer has been unusually dry in this section zever had more vigorous foliage or finer fruit. Usedin the spring of this year for the first time PERUVIAN GUANO overall my orchard ground; this in connection with Sulphate of Potash seems to be just right. Hope to use more next year.”’ Nitrate of Soda, Sulphate of Potash, Muriate of Potash, at very low prices Our beautifully illustrated 80-page book is sent free if youmention THe GARnEN MaGazine. Our agricultural expert will test your soil free of charge and advise you how to fertilize it properly. COE-MORTIMER COMPANY, 136 FRONT STREET, NEW YORK CITY Reproduction of a sketch submitted by us for a proposed garden to be planted this spring at Oyster Bay, L.I. The garden in the foreground was sketched on a photograph of the grounds so that the effect ts accurately portrayed LET US MAKE ONE FOR YOU Then you will know before planting what the finished effect will be. If you are thinking of fixing up the old homestead or have just started a new home and desire immediate effect you will require some of our large trees and shrubs. We are prepared with our new tree-moving machine to move trees up to 16 inches in diameter at a reasonable cost. Our collection of evergreens is very choice. They were awarded a silver medal last November by the American Institute in New York City. A complete assortment of the most satisfactory herbaceous plants are grown at our Nursery, as well as our famous gold medal peonies. Write to-day before the busy season opens up for suggestions and plans for your grounds. Price list of nursery stock sent on request. COTTAGE GARDENS COMPANY, QUEENS, LONG ISLAND 46 THE GARDEN MAGAZINE FEBRUARY, 1906 SN ee nab fas WHEN: YOU BUY A DIAMOND you look for quality first—before any other point of excellence—it must be pure and without flaw. WHEN YOU BUY SEEDS you naturally expect them to germinate —this is an abselute necessity. But the most important point is the quality of the flower or vegetable produced. MY QUALITY SEEDS cover all these points—because I go to acknowledged specialists for individual varieties, and I spare no expense in procuring the best and finest seeds of germination and productiveness. MY ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE, containing premiums, sixty-four pages and nearly one hundred full-page and other photo-engravings, seed, plant and bulb information and cul- tural directions. This superb catalogue MAILED FREE if you say where you saw this advertisement. Send for it to-day. ARTHUR T. BODDINGTON SEEDSMAN 342 West 14th Street, New York City, N. Y. The Glen Steel Folding Mat Prevents Anyone Tracking Mud or Snow Into the House. One scrape of the foot in any direction across a Glen Steel Mat takes off all those balls of mud and snow which cling so tenaciously and resist all the ordinary mats. The Glen Mat is neatand attractive, is easily cleaned, does not curl up. Its wonderful construction and flexibility will make it wear a lifetime. Unexcelled for residences and entrances to all public and private buildings. All first class dealers handle the Glen, if yours don’t, write today for catalog and particulars. Wemake bar anj soda-fountain mats on same principle. Glen Mfg. Go., 149 Mill St., Ellwood Gity, Pa. Also Mfrs. Hartman Steel Picket Fence, Hartman Flexible Wire Mats and Ilartman Stoekade Woven Wire Fence. “@, HOW TO GROW ROSES Growing Roses successfully and abun- dantly is easy when you have learned a few simple facts and have good rose bushes to start with. Our handsome, helpful book “How to Grow Roses”’ tells lect the best Roses for your and protect them; and how 2g to grow the finest blossoms. Beau- describing the choicest Roses. We are the pioneer Rose Growers of America. Our plants have areputation. From our complete assortment you can be sure of getting the kinds that do bestin your locality. We pack carefully F and guarantee each plant to reach you in perfect growing condition. For roses next summer begin planning now. It will pay to get our two books. Write for them to-day. “Helen Gould” - ae ee BOLE Be hf Conard & One of our many choice varieties, J C noted for its rich’ color, beautiful shape ones C0O., and delightful fragrance. A great rose Box P to make a showy bed or a magnifi- Shades to a rich crim- West Grove,Pa. cent bouquet. : son. Grows luxuriantly - 5 i a Strong Plants $5 a Dozen. “Growers of the Best Roses in America.” you these facts; how to se- | locality; howtoplant, prune | 4 tifully illustrated with photographs. | Free to readers of this Magazine. | So is our new 136-page catalogue, | Seeds in Early Sowin g The varieties of flower seed offered below can be sown in pots or flats in the house during February and March and will be ready for transplanting in the garden dur- ing the latter part of April and early May, thus saving from a month to six weeks. PKT, Alyssum, Little Jem .05 Aster, Queen of the Market .o5 Aster, Semple Branching .10 Balsam, Camelia flowweed -10 Pansy, Giant mixed Phlox, Dwarf mixed Petunia, large flowering, mixed Stock, large flowering Salvia, Bonfire s Verbena, Mammoth mixed . Linnia, large flowering Carnation, Giant Marguerite.10 Dahlia, double mixed Lobelia, Crystal Palace Marigold, African mixed One packet each of the above collection of 15 pack- ets mailed with our fine 1906 catalogue for 50c. STUMPP & WALTERCO. 50 BARCLAY STREET, NEW YORK Everything for the Fruit Garden, Flower Garden, Lawns and Avenues A full stock of fine trees. Please send in orders early to ensure the best stock. Send for our free catalogue. Address THE STEPHEN HOY T’S SONsSsGO- NEW CANAAN, CONN. Telephone 148-2 South Norwalk > y Bridgeman’s Vegetable, Farm and Flower Seeds GARDEN TOOLS and HORTICUL- TURAL BOOKS Descriptive illustrated catalogue mailed free on application BRIDGEMAN’S SEED WAREHOUSE 37 East 19th Street, New York City Joveererme 94 TTT FAIRFAX ROSES CANNOT BE EQUALLED Catalogue for 1906 row ready, describing hundreds of varieties. BABY, JRA MUR IGEAR and all the new ones. Mailing size and strong two-year dormant plants. Also all greenhouse and bedding plants. New dahlias a specialty. W R GRAY BOX 6, OAKTON, : . ) FAIRFAX CO., VA. The Burpee-Quality in Seeds! B 9 Cost but little more than do u r p e e iS e e i) usual commercial grades,—and yet are woxth much more. At LE = Or Omi lanns im Ramis iiage and New Jersey, as well as in the gardens of Planters everywhere,—_BURPEE’S SEEDS are proved by test to be the BEST SEEDS THAT GROW. Consequently, we hold the largest mail-order seed trade in the world. With a view to serving our customers even better and to provide for further increase in business, we purchased—a year ago and have equipped—an additional building on Fifth Street and a double warehouse on York Avenue, south of the BURPEE BUILDING, erected in 1898. We also bought a farm in New Jersey, to supple- ment the work of our Pennsylvania FORDHOOK FARMS, so long famous as the most complete trial grounds’ in America. We began in the Centennial year of American Independence. The little building that first saw our declaration of independence is shown herewith. Wedo more business now zz a week than in the two years (1876 and 1877) that we occupied this little building. And yet our great organization to-day is the wholesome growth from the seeds then sown. Asa leading horti- culturist once wrote, ‘‘It is because BURPEE’S HEE CIE BSE SEEDS GROW —that the Burpee Business FIFTH STREET FRONTAGE OF THE IN 1876 Grows!” BURPEE BUILDING, PHILADELPHIA OUR “SILENT SALESMAN’? eit dssodin a cont of the plain truth, with photographic pictures of the superior products of BURPEE’S ‘“SEEDS THAT Grow,” will be sent by return mail,—if You will write a postal card for 1876 Thirtieth Anniversary 1906 Edition Pe FARM ANNUAL ‘“‘*The Leading American Seed Catalogue.” This isa HANDSOME BOOK OF 168 PAGES, carefully edited and neatly printed, bound in cover lithographed in nine colors. ‘With the CoLoRED PLATES, also in nine colors, it shows, painted from nature, Seven Superb Specialties in VEGETABLES of unequaled merit and Six Novelties in FLOWERS,—including LUTHER BURBANK’S New Floral Wonder for 1906. to write for our NEw COMPLETE CATALOGUE and then parti- This Invitation cipate in the Special Celebration of OUR THIRTIETH ANNI- VERSARY, is given FREE to all who will appreciate the BURPEE QUALITY IN SEEDS. If you intend to garden this spring. you will want time to lay your plans, and therefore we urge you to write a postal card TO-DAY !—the very day you read this ‘advertisement. Name fhis Magazine and address W. ATLEE BURPEE & CO., Seed Growers BURPEE BUILDING, PHILADELPHIA, PA., U. S. A. Aes Please poem Der: if you should > iz orget our full firm name, that it is hged faites Game aun Burpee Ph iladelphia letter, telegram, or cable message,— 9 Correjpondenjzen in deutjher und jranzojijher Sprade erhalten die jorgjaltigite Xujmertjamfert. 48 BURBANK SPECIALTIES Many of which are for the first time offered for sale Australian Star Flower (seed) New Yellowish Calla (bulbs) - New Hybrid Amaryllis (bulbs) ‘*Burbank’’ Rose Verbena Mayflower (seed) ‘“Burbank’’ Canna (plants) Shasta Daisy (seeds and plants) Crimson Winter Rhubarb (seeds and plants) Burbank Dahlia Seed Potato Seed, new varieties Cream Cup (seed) Hybrid Crinums (bulbs) These are all fully described in Vaughan’s 1906 Catalogue Vaughan’s Flower Seeds are ditterent) from titosec Of mo SH We sell to 7,000 greenhouse dealers. gardeners— most critical buyers. Vaughan’s seeds ‘have “high vitality, are true to name, and produce flowers ideal in size, form and color. VAUGHAN SPECIALTIES Five new Pansies. co ee PT welenye Nice. _ PLANTS VADGHA [)S scens 5 SEEDS This is a reproduction of the cover of pana 1906 Catalogue. The complete 150-page edition will be MAILED FREE to all who mention The Garden Magazine. A new Giant Primrose. New Sweet Peas. ping. New Beans, New Peas, New Lettuce, Cucumbers and Turnips. VAUGHAN’S SEED STORE NEW YORK, 14 Barclay Street (INCORPORATED) Vaughan’s Vegetable Seeds — have for thirty years been staple: with the best market garden- ers and critical pr vate planters. For convenience we have made up the three following col- lections: Collection A. For the City Garden Twenty varieties, $1.25 Collection B. For the Suburban Garden Thirty-two varieties, $2.50 Collection C. For the Farm Garden Forty-seven varieties, $5.35 Gladiolus Princeps—the new giant flowered. Gladiolus America—shell pink. Chicago Giant self-blanching Five new Giant Petunias. Baby Rambler Rose—New Everblooming Rose which blooms all summer without stop- New Stock Beauty of 84-86 Randolph Street, CHICAGO Greenhouses, Trial Grounds and Nurseries, WESTERN SPRINGS, ILL. THE WORLD’S WORK PRESS, NEW YORK March STARTING THE SPRING WORK 4 1906 Gaining Time with Hotbeds and Coldframes Fertilizing tbe Soil Making a Water Garden Finding a Lost Orchid $1.00 per Year _ THE GARDE |AZIN COVATRY LIFE 8@@ ~=—- POVBLEDAY. PAGE CO : THE WORLDS > IN AMERICA: 133-135a137 EAST 16TH ST. NEW YORK _* WORK - ) y at So Va : i f Ui U a y q fe i, | he L ; i - = £ —— | iG : j ey : ed 7; = 3 N \'g Mes : ‘\ 4 A Fes }! 1g ¥ ay = BS me 4 £ if elt | Y te! 2! Se fe i 5 Se iy : = SS = ate += 6] ES ly Sama 7 Ae =e) rhe PSC) Kia lj Wie} Wigs mill (As ly Se es al i) Nt sty > Gi Wee (| » ,c4llAs Ss eet Ny = a ean St; Ca MAO SRST ix g ¥ i, ge ashi bs cays ail, Me | ta ge fa ERS ‘4 Vy as eee Oe We ae CROs ap ARS 4, “a | 2 o Ss Zi 4 j | 4 Ne Se a ee ee ee ¥ or me cae ie! Se == ia (0 i Il | Tal — 62, Rae S=s=\-1 1a i | Aine — ris TAKE | ] OHO) iy i io ee AX a } Ae T is the beautiful tone of these instruments that has given them world- wide celebrity. @ This, with durability, insured by the highest quality of workmanship and finish, leads the purchaser to pay cheerfully the somewhat higher price asked for them. @ Catalogue free. CHICKERING & SONS, 827 Tremont Street, Fenway Station, BOSTON Established 1823 Marcu, 1906 THE GARDEN MAGAZINE and 37th Street TIFFANY & CoO. DIAMOND AND GEM MERCHANTS GOLD AND SILVERSMITHS The Price of Silver Notwithstanding the increasing cost of silver bullion, Tiffany & Co. will continue, until further notice, to offer Sterling Silver Forks and Spoons of their current copyrighted patterns at $1.00 per ounce Upon this basis, the prices per dozen range as follows Tea Spoons, - - - - dozen, $11. upward Dessert Spoons, = - = cI Sh So. Soup or Table Spoons, - - fo G2Os 2 Breakfast, Entrée or Dessert Forks, “ $17. _ Dinner or Table Forks, - ep aoe Cuts of Patterns Sent Upon Request This method of marking prices furnishes patrons with exact information as to weights and enables them to more readily compare values with articles for similar uses sold elsewhere Silverware on Approval Upon receipt of satisfactory references from any National Bank or responsible business house, Tiffany & Co. will send on approval selections from their stock to any part of the United States Fifth Avenue New York Formerly at Union Square 49p Tiffany @ Co. always welcome a comparison of prices All of Tiffany & Co.’s silverware is of English Sterling quality, 925/1000 fine. A\ll their pat- terns are copyright- ed, and as Tiffany & Co. are strictly retailers, these de- signs never lose their — individuality by overproduction or promiscuous sale through other dealers Tiffany & Co. 1906 Blue Book will be sent to in- tending purchasers without charge. This catalogue contains no illustrations It isa compact little volume of 530 pages and over 6,000 suggestions of jewelry, silver- ware and choice artistic objects suit- able for wedding or other gifts, with the range of prices at which they may be purchased THE GARDEN MAGAZINE Marcu, 1906 GARDEN BOOKS For any information concerning publications on gardening, the improvement of the home grounds, and allied subjects, address THE GARDEN SIXTEENTH GARDEN BOOK DIRECTORY, MAGAZINE NOS. 133-137 EAST STREET, NEW YORK CILY OUT OF DOOR BOOKS FIELD BOOK OF AMERICAN WILD FLOWERS By F. SCHUYLER MATHEWS. 44x74 in. 525 pp. 350 Illustrations (24 Colored). Limp leather, net, $2.25. ““A triumph in presenting scientific facts in the most agreeable manner. lovers.””—WV. ¥. Tribune. FIELD BOOK OF WILD BIRDS AND THEIR MUSIC By F. SCHUYLER MATHEWS. 44% x7% in. 38 Colored and 15 other Full page Illustrations and numerous Musical Diagrams: Let, $2.00; Limp leather, net, $2.50. A description of the songs and the coloring of wild birds which will enable any one to identify the species common in the Eastern United States. The book fills a place never before occupied by any volume devoted to bird study. LANDSCAPE GARDENING Notes and Suggestions on Lawns and Lawn Planting, Laying out and Arrangement of Country Places, etc., etc. By SAMUEL PARSONS, JR., Ex-Superintendent of Parks, N. Y. City. Large vo. 200 lllustrations. $3.50. “We commend it highly to all landowners.””—Country Gentleman. 850 plants described. Net, $1.75; Indispensable to all flower Send for Full Descriptive Circulars New York and London At all Booksellers G. P. PUTNAM’S SONS 27 West 23rd St. 100 HOUSE PLANS FOR $1. If you are thinking about building, don’t fail to buy the book, PALLIS- ER’S MODERN BUILDINGS, containing 104 pages, 11x14 inches in size, consisting of large 9x12 plate Pages, giving plans, elevations, per- spective views, descriptions, actual cost of construction (No GUESS WoRK), and instructions HOW TO BUILD 1oo cottages, villas, double houses, brick block houses, suitable for city, suburbs, town, and country, costing from $500 to $7,000, together with specifications and form of contract. Sent in paper cover by mail, postpaid, on receipt of $1. 200 OLD-TIME SONGS. This volume contains the words and music of choicest gems of the old and familiar songs we used to sing when we were young. It has been arranged with great care and is the best book of the kind published. The book contains 200 songs, and would cost $50 in sheet-music form. All the popular old-timers are in this book. Buy it and sing the songs, and make believe you are young again. It contains 176 pages, and will be sent in paper cover by mail, postpaid for 25 cents; bound in cloth, 75 cents. Either of the above books will be sent by mail, postpaid, on re- ceipt of price. Address all orders to J.S. Ogilvie Publishing Company, 6¢@ ROSE STREET, NEW YORK. SUN-DIALS with or without PEDESTALS > Send for Iilustrated Price List H Hartmann Bros. Mfg. Co. New York Office, 1123 Broadway Mt. Vernon, N.Y. ont Pia ee BS TS shown in this adv’t—Violets by Mary E. Hart, Roses by Paul de Lougre, and Tug of War (Kittens and Puppies) each 10 x 35 inches. Any two for 25 cents. See Soda B 22225) I want my new catalogue of beautiful pictures in color to get into every home, and to give you an idea of the high character ot my line of oiland water color pictures--suitable for every purpose (framing, oil and water color painting and china decoration)—I will send to any address for only 38 cents, the four lovely pictures These three studies alonesell for §1.50. My new 36-page catalogue illustrates hundreds of subjects, and will be sent anywhere on request. Send now. All orders filled same day as received. W. A, OERTEL. Art Publisher Postcards I have the finest assortment of Souvenir Postcards— thousands of subjects—in exquisite colors, and in new Graphure process —the latest process known to printer’s art. Send 15 cents for sample set of ten ‘‘Buster Brown’’ or set of six exquisite Views—two sets for 25 cents. P. O. Box 69, Branch O0, NEW YORK “The Best for American Photographers’’ PHOTOGRAPHY FOR PROFIT AN COMPREHENSIVE survey of the many ways by which the amateur or professional photographer can make his camera work add to his income. Plain and practical information on easily cultivated lines of work, such as Picture Post Cards; Prints on Fabrics; Carbon Prints on Metals; Portraiture at Home and Outdoors; Interiors; Groups; Copying Paintings, Legal Documents, Daguerreotypes; Specialist Photography in Machine Shops; Nature Photo- graphy; Photographic Souvenirs on Watch Dials, Caps, etc., as well as Photo- graphing for Newspapers, Magazines, Booklets, and so on. This volume is one of a practical series covering the whole field of Photography for American amateurs and professionals. Beautifully Illustrated, 5x8 Inches. PRICE, 25 CENTS, POSTPAID. The coupon below will introduce you to THE PHoTO-MINIATURE SERIES—the most comprehensive library of photographic information available in the English language—including such books as ” ‘Photography in Advertising,’’ ‘‘ Photographing Flowers and Trees,’’ “‘ Landscapes,’’ ‘‘ Clouds,”’ ‘“The Dark Room,”’ ‘‘ Enlarging Negatives,”’ “* Decorative Photography,’’ ‘‘ Coloring Photo- graphs,’’ and fifty other subjects. TENNANT & WARD, Publishers 287 Fourth Avenue, New York Enclosed find 25 CENTS for “PHOTOGRAPHY FOR PROFIT,” postpaid. Send 25 cents additional and secure the volume on © Vaca- tion Photography,’’ a practical book on outfits and methods Address to make the vacation trip with the camera successful. Two New Indispensable Volumes Comprising The American Horticultural Manual In Two Volumes By Proressors N. E. Hauser & J. L. Bupp VolumeI. Howto Grow.—The Lead- ing Principles and Practices connected with the Propagation, Culture and Improve- ment of Fruits, Nuts, Ornamental Trees, Shrubs and Plants in the United States and Canada. 417 pages, 107 figures. Price, Cloth, $1.50, prepaid. VolumelIl[. Systematic Pomology.— Containing Descriptions of the Leading Varieties of the Orchard Fruits, Grapes, Small Fruits, Subtropical Fruits, and the Nuts of the United States and Canada, to- gether with those of special promise in local parts. 491 pages, over 100 illustra- tions. Price, Cloth, $1.50, prepaid. FRUITS AND FRUIT TREES OF AMERICA—By A. F. Downing The great authoritative work in this country. Price, cloth, $5.00 Send for catalogue and circulars of many of the best hooks in Horticulture Science. Free un application JOHN WILEY & SONS, Publishers 43 and 45 East 19th Street, New York MaRcuH, 1906 THE GARDEN MAGAZINE 49 D Practical Books for the Garden Ferns and How to How To Make a Grow Them Flower Garden Are You Lnterested in Photography ? THEN YOU SHOULD READ THE PHOTOGRAPHIC TIMES | America’s Oldest Photographic Magazine pes publication furnishes a greater variety of interesting pho tographic matter fora dollar than any other magazine in its class. Nicely printed, finely illustrated, and valuable to any one who follows the many phases of photography. By G. A. Wootson. A charming and practical book by ex- 2 | An authoritative little hand-book, dealing perts on every branch of the subject. ee ONE DOLLAR A YEAR with the growing of hardy ferns both in 219 beautiful photographic illustrations. ees a r é Se == the garden and indoors. | Profusely Net, $1.60. (Postage 16c.) TEN CENTS A COPY. illustrated. Net, $1.10. (Postage 10c.) How To Make Roses and How to School Gardens Grow Them By H. D. HEMENWay. Illustrated. $1.10 postpaid. Send 10 cents for the current tssue Subscribe now through | your nearest photo supply man, newsdealer, bookseller, or send direct to the publishers. A very practical volume, uniform with the above. Profusely illustrated. Net, $1.10. (Postage 10c.) How To Plan the Home Grounds PUBLISHING SES GaHGN How to Make a By SAMUEL Parsons, JR. T Illustrated. $1.10 postpaid. 39-G. Union Square NEW YORK Vegetable Garden i By EpitH L. FULLERTON. A. Plea for Har dy A real necessity for a suburban or a country home. 250 beautiful photo- Plants graphic illustrations. Net $2.00. (Post- By J. W. Evxiort. age 20c.) Beautifully illustrated. COVNTRY LIFE <3 THE WORLDS IN AMERICA WORK $1.76 postpaid. THE GARDEN MAGAZINE THE GARDEN MAGAZINE We will send it free, postpaid, to each reader of the Che Garden QWPagasine who sends us fwo yearly subscriptions at one dollar each (one of them should be new, not a renewal; the other subscription may be your own paid for another year.) REMEMBER THE DOUBLE SPRING PLANTING NUMBER and THE GREAT FALL PLANT- ING NUMBER are two of the most important gardening publications issued during the year in this country. They are indispensable. When purchased separately they cost twenty-five cents each. Altogether regular subscribers for one dollar get twelve numbers that would otherwise cost $1.50. Some friend of yours cannot afford to miss the April Planting Number. eee HOW TO PLAN THE HOME GROUNDS. Samuel Parsons, Jr., the author, is a Fellow of the Society of American Landscape Architects, and was for years Superintendent of the New York Parks. He gives practical directions not only for laying out the home grounds, selection of site, the care and making of roads and paths, lawns, woodlands, hedges, gardens, selection of plants and trees, etc., but also in a second section he treats of the village improvements, designed to elevate public taste, as it concerns the highways, the schoolhouses, the stations, and the village outdoor life generally. Prevent Mislaying numbers of The Garden Magazine The New Temporary Binder Is very convenient end will hold copies until volume is complete and ready for permanent binding. It is worth its cost several times over each year. You will have the copies together when you need them. and if will last for years for succeeding volumes. Black cloth neatly stamped in gold. Made on an improved pattern. Size, 5x 7343 pages, 249; illustrations, 56; binding, cloth; price, net, $1.00. DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & COMPANY, 133 EAST SIXTEENTH STREET, NEW YORK SAMUEL-PARSONSSR: | Price, $1.00 prepaid Doubleday, Page & Company, 133-137 East 16th Street, New York. THE GARDEN MAGAZINE Marcu1906 IMPLEMENTS For any information concerning the purchase or use of any garden or farm implement, etc., address IMPLEMENT DEPARTMENT, THE GARDEN MAGAZINE NOS. 133-137 EAST SIXTEENTH STREET, NEW YORK CITY The Dollars that Grow in the Garden The time has passed when old-fashioned methods of garden planting and cultivation can be made to pay. Planting by hand and cultivation by hoe is too slow and too expensive to be possible with profit. Get our New Iron Age Book and see what wonderful economy in time, labor, seed and fertilizer is accomplished by the Iron Age Farm and Garden Implements. Think what a change it must be from the tire- EPs some labor of old-fashioned garden planting by hand, to Ye Iron Age AN be able to open the ground, plant and cover seed at # Double X\ any desirable depth or spacing at a Joo Tran’ Age Wheel > Xs single operation and at an fo A vend Single mi’ WAS NERAYD) easy walking gait. Vet this ¥ solfHoe: Seeder. GPNE NES, § J is just what is made possi- ble by the IRON AGE No. 15 P \ Iron Age S Y Combined N S Single Wheel No. 20 Hoe, Hill and ~ ~N é Iron Age Drill Seeder. . . \ at the following low prices: 12 pair, 418; | 25 pair, 850; 50 pair, $975 100 pair, | 8110; 200 pair, $200. Those that are} looking for a beautifully colored Homer, or one of extra good shape or producing qualities, we | can assure that we can take care of their or-Le 2 - ders and give absolute Bate taeeion at a price away below the regular. GE DINENe FARM POULARM..YARDS Our White Wrandottes have again been S. C. Buff Orpingtons Cornish Indian Games winners during neé show season ust closed. ¢ 7 Should you perhaps be in need aan good trio, Ss. Cc. Black Minorcas White Wyandottes @ Male bird, or a few Hens or Pullets, we can serve you. Eggs for hatching, packed in strong ship- ping boxes $3.00 per setting ; 2 settings, $5 00. Let us know your wants and we shall be - Ee Pleased to furnish all information desired. SPECIAL—A FEW CHOICE, WBLL MARKED SCOTCH COLLIE PUPS FOR SALE. UE WHITE POULTRY YARDS STEWART & LOEBER, PROPS Office, 1717 Walnut Street, Milwaukee, Wis Greider’s Fine Catalog of Prize-Winning Poultry for 1906. This book is printed inseveral Beautiful Colors and is larger than ever. Contains a Fine Chromo of lifelike fowls. It illustrates and describes 60 varieties of poultry, ducks, geese, pigeons, etc. It shows best equipped poultry yards and houses—how to build houses; cure for diseases, and all kinds of information in- dispensable to poultry keepers. Send 10 cents for this noted book. B.H.GREIDER, :: RHEEMS, PA. We breed our prize Winners and can sell you birds that will enable you to do the same. At Madison Square Garden we won first and Club special on S. C. Buff Orpington pen—14 pens competing. Also third pullet—39 pullets in the class. At Albany, N. Y., we made a clean sweep. Our Buff Orpingtons won every regular prize offered, except one third—64 Buffs competing. Also eight specials, including silver cup for best display —all varieties com- peting. On C. I. Games we won two Ist, four 2d and three 3d at the same show. Our Black Minorcas are bred for egg production and shown for exhibition only. Stock and eggs for sale at right prices. Satisfaction guaranteed. Frank W. Gaylor, Mgr., White Plains, N. Y. | Catalogue Free—Exhibition | Barred, White and Buff Plymouth Rock Eggs $3.00 also $2.00 per 1s. Grand Pekin Duck Eggs $2.00 also | $1.00 per 1x. Incubator eggs by # the 1000. Stock for sale. BRED TO LAY BRED TO WIN The Triumph Strain of White Wyandottes LINE-BRED for fifth of a century. For heavy BROWN EGG production and SHOW ROOM HONORS this STRAIN is to-day recognized as the leader. Choice cockerels and pullets yet to spare. Finely illustrated catalogue free. Write your wants to HARRY W. BRITTON, Moorestown, N. J. } Plymouth Poultry Farm Co. | Route 22, York, Pa- SHOEMAKER’S POIl | TR Y BOOK on and Almanae for 1906 contains 224 pages, with many fine colored plates of fowls true to life. It tells all about chickens, their care, diseases and remedies. All about incubators and how to operate them. All about poultry houses and how to build them. It’s really an encyclo- peedia of chickendom. You needit. Price only 15 cts C. C. SHOEMAKER, Boz 457, Freeport, Iil. RAISE EVERY CHICK you hatch. CHICK MANNA makes your chicks grow up strong and healthy. Nothing 1s nearly so good. Plenty of other helpful supplies, and Cyphers’ Incubators and Brooders. Read all about them in our J//ustrated Poultry Supply Book —mailed free. JOHNSON @ STOKES, 717,219 Market St. “‘The Breed that Laysis the Breed that Pays” “"tan> White Leghorns are the greatest layera known. Weare the largest breeders in the world of this deservedly popular variety. A penof these fowls will make big money for you. A customer in 1904 bought two sittings from our special matings and raised from them a pen that won at the great Chicago Showin 1905. Ourstock will win prizes for you in the hottest competition. Our mating list for 1906 gives many pictures of our farm and birds. We want you to have a copy of this booklet. Send for it to-day. It is free. WHITE LEGHORN POULTRY YARDS CO., 2% Hooker St., Waterville,N.Y. We can teach you thoroughly, siccessfully. Our original’ personal correspondence course of instruction is interest” ing, practical, costs but little. A safe gnide to beginners, in- valuable to old poultry raisers. We teach you how to make any plot of ground, large or small, pay a sure dividend of from 25 to 50 per cent. on the inyestment. Individual "attention given each student. -Write for free booklet telling how to make poultry pay. COLUMBIA SCHOOL OF POULTRY CULTURE, 178 Harvey Bldg., Waterville, N. Y. POULTRY SUPPLIES We sell SENS the poultryman needs. Incubators, Brooders, Fouds, Tonics, Powders, Fences, Bone Cutters, Egg Boxes, ete. Write to-day for a free copy of our Poultry Supply Catalogue. You'll be surprised how much you can save by buying all your supplies from one place. JOSIAH YOUNC, 23 Crand Street, Troy, N. Y. Why--Gentlewoman’s Hen ? So profitable So tame Eggs best cake & complexion write free booklet. Mary Ray, Dedham, Mass EYSTONE INCUBATOR has ‘‘ success ” stamped all ever it. You’ll know wHy when you leam How it’s built and operates. New catalog tells wHy and How. Free. Write for it today. THE DIEHL-SCHILLING CO. Box 610. Easton, Pa. VOURWWCEY S LAK never brought you greater success than eae tha ald STAR Incubators and Brooders They make poultry raising profitable, easy and certain. Sold ona guarantee that makes you safe. Free catalog tells why. Write. STAR INCUBATOR co. 682 Church Street, Bound Brook, N. J, . Complete fire-proof hatching and brooding if you have the best HOTIER ‘ plant for $7.50. 2 qts. oil hatches 50 eggs E : PIGEONS. Wecan supply a and raises chicks. Catalogue free. CYCLE limited number of very choice HATCHER CO., Box 289 Salem, New York. : TURN \ ‘| Green Bone INTO Greenbacks by feeding your hens green bone cut with the modern Bone Stearns 20%. Cuts hard or soft bones, meats, vegetables—quicker, better, easier than any other. Our 30 days free trial offer will prove it. In- teresting booklet free. E. C. Stearns & Co., Box 2, Syracuse, N. Y: breeders at right prices. NEWARK SQUAB CO. NEWARK NEW YORK § If you havenot beensuccessful | with fruit, flowers, or vege- tables, your trouble is proba- bly lack of fertilization. The past severe winters have nearly exterminated many kinds of insects. Bees are the best insects for fertiliz- ing blossoms and are profitable as well. A booklet on managing bees for profit, 10 cents. Catalogue free. Colonies of Italian bees in chaff hives, $9.50. eo OO RIN GANS 105 Park Place, N. Y. Apiaries: Glen Cove, L.I. IES, GANIRID IB IN WAI AZ ION 18 The ‘Tree Book JULIA E. ROGERS ** This is the most valuable, ACCUTALC and elab- orate book ever pub- lished in Mim eniea on our na- tive trees.’’ —New York Herald. Opening shoots of a beech tree 1n May ‘THis book has many features It is extraordinary how little known, comparatively, are the blossoms of the beech tree. The Tree Book that no other reveals some interesting facts here «—as well as for all the other impor- tant American trees. work on trees It tells how to know the trees; approaches. the uses and value of trees; the care of trees; how to grow trees; the preservation of forests. The 350 beautiful photographic illus- by A. R. DuGmore, show bud, full leaf, fruit and the wood of trations, blossoms, all the important species. Sixteen plates in color. Net, $4.00. (Postage, 34 cents.) THE GARDEN @.) Comte LIFE ES eons MAGAZINE IN AMERICA DOVBLEDAY sae CO NEW “YORK WANT DEPARTMENT A special low rate is made in this department for the convenience of readers to advertise for a gardener» or for gardeners to offer their services. OO as Head Gardener or Super- Position W anted intendent by _ practical ° experienced man to take Aged 34, married, no children. Address Henry, 572 Park Ave.. wishes position, thoroughly experi- GARDE N E R enced in all branches of gardening, capable to take charge of gentleman’s country place; nine years in present position, best of references; Scotch, age 35, married, 2 children, disengaged March ist. Address, - WAYSON. South Kortright, N. Y, WANTED RELIABLE SALESMEN to sell our hardy Nursery Stock. We pay liberal salaries and commissions. Write to-day for terms. KALAMAZOO NURSERIES, KALAMAZOO, MICH. charge of first class country estate. Refer by permission to last employer. New York City. | Gardeners’ Register High-class men, with good records, can be obtained at VAUGHAN’S SEED STORE, 14 Barclay Street, New York City. No fee. 84 Randolph Street, Chicago. ————— Marcu, 1906 | AM About Dogs ae tremendous increase of interest in dogs and canine matters was never more truly evinced than this year. “Every dog has his day’’—and these are the days’ | for exhibition dogs. All | kinds of dogs are treated | adequately, for, the first time in America, in The Dog Book, by JAMES WaTson. To be_ | in ten parts. I. to VI. now | ready. Well illustrated. ($1.10 each, subscription) AM About Poultry | OU can lear aliseaatms ; known about the raising, | breeding, care and sale of every kind of feathered pro- duct in The Poultry Book, It is the most complete and | authoritative bookonthesub- ject ever printed in America. | Superbly illustrated in color and black-and-white, by HARRISON WEIR. ($13.60, sold by subscription) THE GARDEN COVATRY LIFE THE WORLDS MAGAZINE , IN AMERICA ~ WORK DOVBLEDAY PAGE «CQ NEW YORK MAULE’S SEEDS LEAD ALL. Illustrated Catalogue free WM. HENRY MAUI 1701 Filbert Street, Philadelphia, Pa. JAPANESE GARDENS and plants. Extensive nurseries in Japan and America. Send for Catalogue. HINODE FLORIST COMPANY, Whitestone, Long Island Largest importers and growers of ORCHIDS in the United States LAGER & HURRELL | Orne CrOwers and NTO OTS SUMMIT, N. J, Marcu, 1906 Wisl 1d) (GIN ID) IS, IN) WAC INA IUINENS, The Famous MaGaAZINE subscriber. fully illustrated by photographs and plans. How to [ake a Lawn BY LEONARD BAKRON Relation of the greensward to the coun- try place—preparing the soil—the best kinds of grass, etc. A New Kind of Wall Garden BY H. E. PENDLETON A unique story of a house in Pittsburg which was bought “sight unseen” by a gen- tleman who liked the looks of the vines on the wall. A Garden By Hand BY MARTIA LEONARD Saving the good features of a deserted home. Transforming a brook into a pond and rock garden. Why early design was a moral failure, and how a tornado suggested a new view. The Country Home Reminder Duties and activities made necessary by March weather. Early garden planting. The best time to prune trees. An active month for the poultry man. Planning Your Own Place BY I. G. TABOR The fundamental principles of gardening reduced to a few simple rules, with the reasons therefor. Pe We (GOIN Ia AN dhs It is brimful of practical suggestions—besides being beautiful and interesting. Sun Dials in Modern Gardens BY WALTER A, DYER A charming garden ornament which is becoming more and more popular. The various styles and how to select. Wild Gardening by a Wooded Lake BY WILHELM MILLER Showing how anyone who can afford a New England farm at $10 an acre can dam a woodland stream and create a charming wild garden, such as Mr. Griscom, of Hay- erford, Pa., and others have done. Flowers from Frost to Frost BY HENRY MAXWELL A garden that is famous for its uninter- rupted succession of flowers. Some of the best combinations that may be produced in any garden. Dwari Fruit Trees for Suburban Gardens BY F, A. WAUGH Good fruit in one or two years. Dwarfing the trees and training them in special forms. Ornamental treatment for pears, apples, peaches, plums and cherries, that help, not hinder, bearing. An Insect That Makes Us «Do or Die” The San José Scale—the worst insect pest of modern times; new ways of fighting it. COUNTRY LIFE IN AMERICA MARCH _ Double Number A COMPLETE GARDENING MANUAL This sumptuously illustrated magazine is a practical guide book in itself that will prove of great usefulness to every GARDEN It contains many definite outlines for laying out various types of gardens in different localities and situations, all MARCH COVER YOUR SUBSCRIPTION sent to us now for a year will include this special 50c. number without extra charge. Not only is every issue of CountTRy LIFE IN AMERICA of gardening value to you, but will interest you in many ways, as each regular number sweeps the whole field of outdoor activities. Some regular subjects : Sailing, Fishing, Automobiling Country Home Making Furnishing and Decorating Inside the Country House The Country Home Reminder Masterpieces of Nature Poetry Landscape Gardening Cheap Lands for Successful Farming Horses, Dogs, Cattle, Poultry, etc. The Planter’s Guide Walter J. Travis on Golf Wild Foods Discoveries and News of Outdoor Interest The March issue is one of the three special 50-cent numbers (Christmas Annual, Housebuilding Number, Gardening Manual) but all three are included in the regular subscription, $4.00, without extra cost. Send $4.00 at once and we will enter your subscription beginnirg with the Gardening Manual. THE - GARDEN 2) COVNTRY LIFE (@ ae <.. MAGAZINE — \eedsex7_ IN AMERICA ¢3 DOVBLEDAY PAGE «CO NEW THE WORLDS WORK YORK 56 THE GARDEN MAGAZINE Marcu, 1906 From ‘Top to Bottom THE . NATURE LIBRARY $b so is filled with live interest and all the charms of the out- Mrs. Sy, doors. It forns the only complete American library of HELEN Ye the open air. The value and comprehensiveness of R.WELLS, Ds Akron, Ohio, the set is well evidenced by the titles of these says: “*T can hardly say enough in praise of Tue Nature Liprary. The whole family, from the grandmother to the youngest child, are delighted with them. My boys hang over them like butterflies and anticipate the greatest pleasure in their use. The elder one, who is sixteen, will soon have studies in which they will be most helpful,'and the ten-year-old will get much from them. He says: ‘Oh, I feel as if we're just rich to have these books.’ While the father, who is quite an enthusiastic on mush- rooms, is particularly interested in that book.” %, jase Se, 4,000 pages, 10+ x 7 inches > 300 plates in full colors ; g). 450 half-tone photographs hy 1,500 other illustrations, and YX, A General Introduction by Fohn Burroughs Miss LETTA BERNICE BURNS, o> Superviser Nature Study, State Nor- bh mal School, Jamaica, N. Y., says: € You will want to know more about this great work. 4 We have prepared an elaborate booklet that gives some idea of the beauty and authoritative character of the books. It shows how this library, most valuable for reference, is, above all, readable and interesting. It contains striking O) ‘ and abundant. These books S) meet a real demand and will : : ano og tie ie be of grea vi aeh- .. specimens of the wonderful three-color photo- : = Ss pa Te, "ers and arulene Cae graphy and some of the full-page black-and-white a ; >, study. plates. This book is too costly to be mailed in- = ee Sh discriminately, but the return of the coupon opposite, with your name, will bring one to you promptly, with details of a particularly attrac- tive offer we make for a limited time. Better Do It Now Doubleday, Page & Co. Publishers Country Life in America The Worlds Work 133 East 16th Street New York City Marcu, 1906 THE GARDEN MAGAZINE 57 mae New Cyclopedia American Horticulture (A new and enlarged edition of the work formerly published in four volumes by The Macmillan Company) is Now in process of publica- tion, and will soon be ready for delivery. In the mean- time special inducements are offered to “ Before-Pub- lication” subscribers. Write for full particulars. Every man or woman who cares for outdoor mat- | ters actually needs this Cyclopedia. It will be the one great authority, containing in its six great quarto volumes 2,100 pages of: 1. Descriptions, alphabetically arranged, of all—over a thousand—of the native trees, plants and flowers worth cultivating, with keys enabling you to name any species as well as to find out all about it. 2. Fullest cultural instructions for every flower, fruit and vegetable, trees and ornamental plants you may want to grow. 3. Hundreds of elaborate articles on such subjects as the tools necessary for all sorts of work in the ground, railroad gardening, spraying, thinning, transplanting, and so on. 4. Over 4,357 articles in all, by 450 expert writers, occupying about 2,100 pages and covering 24,434 plant names. 5. 2,800 detailed illustrations, enormously increasing the ease of identifica- tion to the amateur, and 146 beautiful full-page plates. 6. An inexhaustible mine of information from practical cultivators on culture, marketing, localities, and the horticultural capabilities of each State and section. THE GARDEN COVANTRY LIFE THE WORLDS MAGAZINE IN AMERICA WORK DOVBLEDAY PAGE =CO NEW YORK 133-135-137 EAST 16TH STREET, NEW YORK THE GARDEN MAGAZINE Marcu, 1906 THE NEW MAGAZINE Farming appeared during the last week in January. At first it seemed as if, with the printers’ strike on hand, we would occupy our work-rooms to their fullest capacity for the first month in the year, but when we found that things were going well we decided to bring out the first number at once. It is by no means a perfect specimen of what we de- sign the magazine to be, but it does show the general line on which we are trving to work, and the cordial reception of it by readers and advertisers alike astonishes us quite as much as it encouragesus. We realize our obli- gations and shall try to live up to them. The March number, which is now nearly ready, contains a good many interesting articles. Here are a few of them: The Possibilities of Swine Breeding, How to Make the Farm Pay, How Cowpeas Made a Profit of $6,000 in a Year from an Unsal- able Farm, Farm Buildings with a Typical Plan, The Jersey Cow, A Novel Chicken Brooder from a Piano Box, Plowing and Harrowing; besides the monthly depart- ments of the magazine on the subjects in which the farmer is most interested, inclu- ding Dairy Notes, Horses, Cattle and Sheep, Grain Notes, Irrigation, Farm Law, Good Roads, Farm Implements, etc., etc. Always Farming will bear in mind the great sub- ject Farmers as Business Men, a topic of unvarying interest, and, if properly treated, of lasting helpfulness. THE SUBSCRIPTION SEASON The two months of December and January are the publisher’s harvest time so far as sub- scriptions go, and every one of our magazines shows a most splendid increase for which we now express our gratitude. The World’s Work, Country Life in America and THE GARDEN MaAGazInE have received from twenty per cent. to forty per cent. more subscribers than ever before, and last year’s increase was a good one, which makes this year’s record still more satisfactory. REPRESENTATIVES WANTED We need a few good people to represent our magazines and to secure subscriptions for us. We do not want many representa- ““To business that we love to rise betime And go to’ with delight.” —A xtony and Cleopatra. atives, and we only wish to have connected with us people on whom we can absolutely rely—people in character as good, or bet- ter than the magazines. Those who have acted for us have made good incomes, and we shall be glad to advise with you on the subject if you will send us your name and address with the request for some account of our agency plans. The spring-time, which is now upon us, is particularly favor- able for the work on THE GARDEN MacazineE, Farming, and Country Life in America. THE COUNTRY HOUSE To anyone who is planning to build a house, this volume, by Chas. Edw. Hooper is worth its price many times over. Will be sent to you on approval. Now isa good time to buy: “Ferns and How to Grow Them,” $1.10 net. “How to Make a Flower Garden,” $1.76 net. ““How to Make a Vegetable Garden,” $2.20 net. “Roses and How to Grow Them,” $1.10 net. “The Tree Book,” $4.40 net. “The First Book of Farming,’ $1.10 net. THE GARDEN MAGAZINE For April will be the special double Plant- ing Number, for which we charge twenty-five cents on the news-stands, but it is furnished in the yearly subscription to subscribers. An especial feature is the Planting Tables for annuals, vegetables, and perennials that bloom the first year from seed. These are extensions and great improvements upon the very successful tables of last year, carrying the information a point or two further than was then done. A unique article, the first of its kind that has been published in a horti- cultural magazine, tells you exactly how to use a planting plan; it explainsexactly how to transfer the plan from the paper to the gar- den. A suburban garden which is full of flowers from the first days of spring until frost is described, with planting lists. Following out the scheme of last year, there are three pages of beautiful pictures of suggestive gar- dens. The whole subject of spring planting is entertainingly discussed and copiously illustrated, including special articles on the - OFFICE: | treating cf edgingsand rock gardens. The first of a series of articles on quality in vege- tables appears in this number, and is devoted to potatoes, the ultimate test of table quality being applied. RDEN Beautiful three-color cover for April THE GARDEN ANNUAL OF COUNTRY LIFE IN AMERICA This month we issue the Double Number of Country Lije in America devoted to the the garden. It sells for fifty cents on the news-stands, but is included in a yearly subscription for $4.00. Here are some of the features: How to Make a Lawn. A New Kind of Wall Garden. A Vagabond Garden Reclaimed. A Japanese Garden on a Village Lot. Sun-Dials in Modern Gardens. A Garden Hidden by Informal Planting. Wild Gardening beside a Wooded Lake. Flowers from Frost to Frost. The Country Home Reminder. Planning the Home Grounds. An Insect that Makes Us Do or Die. Dwarf Fruit Trees for Suburban Gardens. Quality Vegetables and Fruits for the Home Garden. Marcu, 1906 THE GARDEN MAGAZINE FE t 9 AGENTS who represent THE GARDEN MAGAZINE receive large special inducements for work done during the early subscription season of 1906. Write for samples and particulars. You will probably wish to represent THE GARDEN MAGAZINE reg- ularly in your locality. MAGAZINE the most profitable one to work for. It Pays: Good agents find THE GARDEN Address: Circulation Dept., THE GARDEN MAGazinE, 133 East 16th St., N. Y. City. NOW IS THE GARDEN] | MAGAZINE EBACE ONS eG ear pei Eevee Ps] Tisha, Tawhe TO BIND VOLUME TWO of The Garden Magazine August, 1905 to January, 1906, inclusive Price, Bound, Complete, ‘OR WE WILL BIND YOUR OWN COPIES FOR 75c. Postage, 32 cents ia) $ 1.35 It is not too late also to purchase Vol- ume One (February, 1905, to July, inclu- sive) and thus own the set of beautiful, practical and interesting books, from the | beginning: It is the best way to preserve Fp ERE EIS ES OEE Way tODICSCIVE the copies. We have the attractive permanent cloth bindings for Volume I. and Volume II., gold stamped, for your local binder to stitch on. Price, 50 cents each (Postage 12 cents each volume, if mailed.) Or, if the six copies of either volume are returned to us by ex- press, prepaid, we will return the volume neatly bound. Our charge for the binder and the work is 75 cents for each volume. Postage 32 cents. Back numbers 10 cents each, prepaid, excepting October, which is 25 cents, prepaid, and February, 1905, which is out of print. é Any copies of incomplete files which are returned to us prepaid (with no duplicate numbers) will be credited on this bill for bound volumes at 10 cents each. Indexes for Volume I. and Volume II. sent free on request to those who bind their own volumes. In returning copies mark your name and address plainly on the package. Cut out coupon along this line - = {G. M.-March. ’06] Dousiepay, Pace & Co., 133-137 East 16th St., New York Enclosed find $ (note credit for copies returned), for which please fill my order as follows : One Permanent Cloth Cover for Volume Il. . . Ware ts One Volume Two, bound, com- lines PIE o «6 oo @ oo. not One Volume Two, bound with Cross copies returned to you to-day One Volume One, bound com- plete $0.50 1.35 05) 1.35 Please credit me 10 cents each for copies for returned to-day and apply on $1.35 order. Yours truly Address If you wish us to mail volumes add 32c. each for postage, or 12c. each for mailing the covers. _ eee The Garden Magazine CONTENTS - - - MARCH, 1906 PAGE Cover DESIGN—DAFFODILS Herbert T. Angell THE GARDENER’S REMINDER -— —- —- 61 THE ROMANCE OF A Lost ORCHID — 62 Leonard Barron Photographs by courtesy of A. Dimmock and H. Graves SPRAYING THE Home GARDEN — -— 64 E. Dwight Sanderson Photographs by the Author and C. M. Weed FERTILIZING THE Home Fruir GARDEN 68 S. W. Fletcher A TeEN-MinuteEs-A-DAY GARDEN - 71 I. M. Angell Photographs by the Author PoTaTOEs IN EiGHT WEEKS ~ - — 75 Samuel Fraser Photographs by courtesy of the Cornell Expt. Station THE CHEAPEST KIND OF HOTBED - 76 Nathan R. Graves Photographs by the Author THE MAKING of A WATER GARDEN — 78 Henry S. Conard Photographs by Henry Troth and H. C. Tibbetts EARLIER AND BETTER ANNUAL FLlowrers — -— EdwardJ.Canning 82 Photographs by the Author House PLANTS FROM SEEDS - — — 84 Hattie L. Knigh DOMESTICATING FRINGED GENTIANS AND CARDINAL FLOWERS - — —- 86 Abbie S. Nickerson GATHERING NaAsturTIuM Pops FoR SEEDS ORVEICKLING 9 eS Caroline M. Brown A New REMEDY FOR THE CHICKEN NUISANCE - — —. = go W ood-W ard THE DISGRACEFUL ANNUAL CLEANING 92 THE WILD LADy’s-SLIPPER TAMED — 94 Florence Beckwith Firty-Two Lity BLooms From A HopeE- ESSE ULB ay iene Ler LemaigG THE InvesticaTors’ CLUB - — —- 08 How To Get PENNY PACKETS OF SEED - —- -— - - —- =~ = = 100 Louise Klein Miller ImporTANT INDOOR JoBS —- - —- —- 104 SEVEN DELIGHTS OF MarcH - — — 104 CALIFORNIA REMINDER - —- — — 104 Ernest Braunton RoLitERS MADE FROM DRAIN-PIPE — 106 Frank E. Channon. A DEVICE FOR REACHING OVER THE BORDER —- —- —-.- — = = = #70 WILHELM MILLER, Editor Copyright, 1905, by DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & ComMPANyY. Entered as second-class matter January 12, 1905, at the post-office at New York, N Y., under the Act of Congress, March 3, 1879. 60 THE GARDEN MAGAZINE Marcu, 1906 OR twenty-five years we have been urging the many advantages of gardening with Hardy Plants, and now that these advantages are pretty gener- ally recognized we wish to call attention to some of the better varieties which are not wellknown. Everybody knows about the good qualities cf Paeconies, Phloxes, and Ho!lyhocks, but there are scores of plants equally as good which are comparatively unknown. Among the best of these are the superb English Delphiniums. Tall, stately and picturesque in habit, they produce immense spikes of flowers of every imaginable shade of blue fora very long season during the summer. The colors are often combined with various shades of bronze, sometimes with white eyes, and the range of colors includes plums, purples, white, and primrose yellow. The flower spikes are sometimes two feet in length, and the variety and combination coloring is lovely beyond description. The plants range from three to seven feet in height and will thrive in any soil except in a very light and sandy one, and even in this if it is liberally enriched with well-rotted cow manure. We have the best and the only good collection of English Delphiniums in America. They are grown from the finest collections in England. s . ( Fine mixed English, - - - - - $1.50 perdozen, $10.00 per 100 Special Offer of f English, in separate colors, ei, ings 2.00