OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CFTHE iV OF Vc, THE GARDEN MONTH BY MONTH DESCRIBING the appearance, color, dates of bloom, height and cultivation of all desirable, HARDY HERBACEOUS PERENNIALS for the formal or wild garden, with addi- tional lists of aquatics, vines, ferns, etc. BY MABEL CABOT SEDGWICK Assisted by ROBERT CAMERON Gardener of the Harvard Botanical Gardens With over two hundred half-tone engravings from photographs of growing plants, and a chart in colors ; ; v THIRD EDITION NEW YORK FREDERICK A. STOKES COMPANY PUBLISHERS or THE JJNIVERSITV Copyright, BY FREDERICK A. STOKES COMPANY TO W. C. C. AND E. R. C. I 09684 ERRATA p. 5, for Galdnthus plicatus read Leucojum vernutn. p. 17, for Leucojum vernum read Leucojum cestivum. pp. 27 and 101 for Erysimum ochroleucrum read Erysimum ochroleucum. p. 153, under Polemonium reptans var. Himalayanum the height should be given as 1-2 feet. p. 180, under Lilium candidum, the height should be given as 3-5 feet. pp. 200 and 304, the reference to Leontopodium Alpinum or Edelweiss should be listed under whitish, not under yellow. p. 203, under Linaria Dalmdtica the height should be given as i-3 feet. p. 204, under CEnothera fruticdsa var. Fraseri for species read variety. pp. 282, 347 and 449, under Delphinium grandiflorum and var. album the height should be given as 1-2 feet. p. 326, under Tritonia crocosm&ndra for watering read win- tering. pp. 401 and 453, under Lilium speciosum and var. Melpomene the height should be given as 2-4 feet. PREFACE O P erf etui Fiori del Eterna Letizia IT is prudent perhaps for many of us to have our pleasure gardens shaped for us by an expert wiser than we may hope to be. A trained eye, long study of old forms, and that knowledge which is born only of experience, make possible a beauty of outline and insure a perfection of detail in a project which in the minds of most of us is a desire rather than a definite conception. Yet he who truly loves his garden will not relin- quish altogether the happy task of creating it. For him it is the centre of bright imaginings. He dreams of it asleep and awake, until from among the multitude of his thoughts there flashes some happy vision finished in all things, like the completed picture which the painter sees on the white canvas before him. Quickly before it fades he rushes to his task. But to the amateur, garden catalogues are often a snare and most books a de- lusion. Search as he may, these helpers serve him little, and as he struggles to find the appropriate flowers with which to paint his picture, the gay vision fades and confusion and discouragement ensue. It is for this gardener that I have made this book and offer it as a full palette, to enable him the more readily to paint the picture as he sees it, and save him the discouragement of looking in a thousand places for a thousand bits of information. However small a part of the garden it may be that he himself plans, he will look upon that portion with a kindlier eye, and find more in it to love and enjoy than all the rest of the garden has to offer. With this book I wish my gardener joy of his experiments, and if he fails to make his garden altogether as he has imagined it, may he have a fancy quick to suggest new visions; for in the possibilities of change lies the im- perishable charm of gardens. Forever through past experience shine the bright alluring pictures of the future. vii PREFACE The plan of this book is simple. The plants are arranged in the order of the months in which they bloom, while for the reader's convenience a plant which flowers in more months than one is listed afresh in each appro- priate month, though the full description of its habit and the directions for its culture are given only where it makes its first appearance. In the great majority of cases, the dates of bloom are taken from personal observations in the vicinity of Boston. The season about New York is, generally speaking, about ten days earlier. A rough and ready calculation allows six days' difference to every degree of latitude. Yet in this matter of the date of bloom the reader must understand that nothing like exactness is possible. All that can be claimed is the representation of a fair average. The season of bloom is very irregular, often varying as much as a fortnight in the, spring. But though early dates may vary, by June first all irregularities seem to disappear, and the reader can be confident that whatever are the dates of bloom, the succession of bloom remains invariable. As the plants are divided according to the months in which they first bloom, so they are subdivided according to color. In each month's list of blooming plants there are nine color groups, including " parti-colored," i.e., those plants in which each blossom is variegated, and " various," i.e., those in which the color of the blossoms vary. Since color is the chief glory of a garden, much stress has been laid upon it throughout the preparation of the book. Almost every flower mentioned has been accurately compared with the appended color chart, and in the column devoted to that purpose it bears its appropriate color number, while above this in quotation marks is the color ascribed to it by some reliable authority. The reader must remember, however, that with matters of color it is much as with matters of taste. One may call the wood violet purple and another insist that it is blue, while red fades so insensibly into pink, and yellow blends so imperceptibly into orange, that he is an artist indeed who can define the precise point where one becomes the other. It must also be borne in mind that the same flower may vary in color in different localities and the same plant may put forth blossoms of varying shades. And yet, though you may quarrel with the division lines, they are just in the main and are not further wrong than others might well be. A word or two is needed concerning the comprehensiveness of this viii PREFACE book. Annuals have not been included, as their dates depend altogether upon the time when their seed is sown. Of biennials but few are mentioned; but of hardy perennials it can fairly be said that all are included which de- serve a place in the garden proper, in the rock or wild garden, or which are worthy of naturalization; and of tender perennials a few that should find a place in every garden have been added. Large estates as well as small gar- dens are increasing so rapidly throughout the country and so many new and unfamiliar plants have come to enlarge the gardener's choice, that it has seemed best to make this book offer all which the most varied taste could wish for beautifying a great estate; but it is selection rather than variety which the small gardener needs, and for his sake such plants as are especially serviceable or exceptionally to be desired are marked with a single or double asterisk. The details of this book have been almost infinite in number, and my best thanks are due to all who have helped me: To Mr. Robert Cameron, of the Harvard Botanical Gardens, for revision of all facts mentioned in the book and for much valuable assistance; to Prof. Benjamin Watson, of Harvard, for advice and encouragement; to Mr. L. T. Ernst for observing many of the dates of flowering; to Miss Louisa-B. Stevens and Miss Turner for the preparation of the color chart and, with the assistance of Miss Edith May, for the skilful comparison of colors; to Miss Rose Standish Nichols, who has conducted the book through the press; to Messrs. John L. Gardner, J. S. Lee and J. Woodward Manning for many admirable photo- graphs which I should have gone far to secure elsewhere; and to Miss Elizabeth Dean for much devoted work. To all of these I feel greatly in- debted for their real interest and assistance, and in a special sense I wish to record the gratitude with which I shall always remember the unselfish and unremitting assistance and encouragement given me by Miss Pauline Brigham. For the rest I only hope that this book may help to make more gardens lovely and more gardeners content. M. C. S., BROOKLINE, MASS., Nov., 1906. CONTENTS Page PREFACE : - , . vii MARCH . . .... 3 APRIL . . .11 MAY . . • » • • 7i JUNE . . . . . . . . i67 JULY . . 274 AUGUST '•..'.*.'*•'. • -375 SEPTEMBER . . . . . .416 THE BEST HERBACEOUS PLANTS . . . .... . .446 A FEW WATER PLANTS OR AQUATICS . . . . . . .458 SOME BOG GARDEN OR MARSH PLANTS . 466 SOME PLANTS CONSPICUOUS FOR THEIR FOLIAGE 472 A FEW SELECTED VINES AND CLIMBERS ... . . . .479 ! A FEW OF THE BEST FERNS .... . . . . .486 I SUPPLEMENTARY LISTS . . . . * . . . . . .489 INDEX OF BOTANICAL AND ENGLISH NAMES . 493 ILLUSTRATIONS {For English Names of Flowers^ see Index) A GARDEN OF FLOWERS IN FULL BLOOM Frontispiece Page EARLIEST SPRING FLOWERS: GALANTHUS NIVALIS AND ERANTHIS HYEMALIS . 2 Photograph by John L. Gardner A. GALANTHUS PLICATUS. B. GALANTHUS ELWESII 5 Photographs by John L. Gardner A. HELLEBORUS NIGER. B. CROCUS VARS. ... ... . . .6 A. IRIS RETICULATA VAR. KRELAGI. B. CHIONADOXA LUCILI^). C. SCILLA SIBIRICA. Photographs by John L. Gardner . . . . . . .9 AN APRIL LANDSCAPE. Photograph by John L. Gardner 10 A. ANEMONE SYLVESTRIS. B. ARABIS ALBIDA. Photographs by John L. Gardner . 13 A. FRITILLARIA MELEAGRIS. VAR ALBA. B. DICENTRA CUCULLARIA . . 14 Photographs by John L. Gardner LEUCOJUM VERNUM. ORNITHOGALUM NUTANS. Photographs by John L. Gardner. 17 PHLOX SUBULATA VAR. ALBA . . , ,; 18 SANGUINARIA CANADENSIS . . ... * 21 VIOLA CANADENSIS. Photograph by John L. Gardner 22 ALYSSUM SAXATILE. Photograph by John L. Gardner > 25 ERYTHRONIUM AMERICANUM. Photograph by John L. Gardner . . . .26 NARCISSUS INCOMPARABILIS "SIR WATKIN". Photograph by John L. Gardner . 29 A. NARCISSUS LEEDSII. B. NARCISSUS JONQUILLA * 30 Photographs by John L. Gardner NARCISSUS PSEUDO-NARCISSUS, DOUBLE VAR. Photograph by John L. Gardner . 33 A. PRIMULA OFFICINALIS. B. TROLLIUS ASIATICUS 34 Photograph by John L. Gardner AQUILEGIA CANADENSIS. Photograph by John L. Gardner 37 TULIPA GREIGI. Photograph by John L. Gardner 38 BELLIS PERENNIS AND NARCISSUS POETICUS. Photograph by John L. Gardner . 41 ARMERIA ALPINA. Photograph by John L. Gardner 42 ERYTHRONIUM DENS-CANIS 45 PHLOX PROCUMBENS. Photograph by John L. Gardner 46 SAXIFRAGA CORDIFOLIA. Photograph by John L. Gardner 49 MERTENSIA PULMONARIOIDES 50 xiii ILLUSTRATIONS MUSCARI BOTRYOIDES. Photograph by John L. Gardner .... A. PHLOX STELLARIA. B. PULMONARIA SACCHARATA Photographs by John L. Gardner FRITILLARIA IMPERIALIS. Photograph by John L. Gardner .... A. PRIMULA POLYANTHA. B. FRITILLARIA MELEAGRIS .... Photographs by John L. Gardner SINGLE HYACINTHS. Photograph by John L. Gardner PRIMULA POLYANTHA. Photograph by John L. Gardner ..... TULIPS. Photograph by John L. Gardner TULIPA "YELLOW PRINCE". Photograph by John L. Gardner .... SINGLE PARTI-COLORED TULIPS. Photograph by John L. Gardner A MAY BORDER. Photograph by John L. Gardner A. ANEMONE PENNSYLVANIA. B. ANEMONE NEMEROSA .... Photographs by John L. Gardner CONVALLARIA MAJALIS . '. '. V IRIS FLORENTINA. NARCISSUS POETICUS. Photographs by J. W. Manning . LEUCOJUM jESTIVUM AND TULIPA "WHITE SWAN" Photograph by John L. Gardner NARCISSUS PSEUDO-NARCISSUS VAR. MOSCHATUS. Photograph by John L. Gardner ORNITHOGALUM UMBELLATUM. TRADESCANTIA VTRGINICA VAR. ALBA . Photographs by J. W. Manning PAPAVER ALPINUM. Photograph by John L. Gardner SANGUINARIA CANADENSIS v. . . A. STELLARIA HOLOSTEA. B. SHORTIA GALACIFOLIA TRILLIUM GRANDIFLORUM. Photograph by John L. Gardner . CYPRIPEDIUM PUBESCENS. Photograph by John L. Gardner .... CYPRIPEDIUM PUBESCENS. Photograph by John L. Gardner .... HYPOXIS ERECTA. NARCISSUS INCOMPARABILIS STELLA .... Photographs by J. W. Manning EUPHORBIA MYRSINITES. Photograph by John L. Gardner .... RANUNCULUS FICARIA. Photograph by John L. Gardner . . SPRING FLOWERS. Photograph by John L. Gardner . ... A. TULIPA SYLVESTRIS. B. TULIPA RETROFLEXA . . . Photograph by John L. Gardner UVULARIA PERFOLIATA AND VIOLA BLANDA ... TULIPA DIDIERI. Photograph by John L. Gardner . ... A. DIANTHUS DELTOIDES. B. DAPHNE CNEORUM DICENTRA SPECTABILIS. Photograph by John L. Gardner SCILLA HISPANICA VAR. ROSEA. Photograph by John L. Gardner . ,. . xiv ILLUSTRATIONS Page ASTER ALPINUS . 129 DODECATHEON MEADIA. Photograph by John L. Gardner 130 GERANIUM MACULATUM. ERIGERON BELLIDIFOLIUS 133 A. AND B. IRIS VERSICOLOR. C. IRIS PUMILA 4 .134 VIOLA CORNUTA VARS. AND PHLOX PROCITMBENS 137 Photograph by John L. Gardner POLEMONIUM C^ERULEUM. Photograph by John L. Gardner 138 AMSONIA TABERN^MONTANA. Photograph by John L. Gardner . . . .143 BAPTISIA AUSTRALIS 144 HOUSTONIA C^RULEA , . . . .147 LINUM PERENNE . .. . . . .148 MYOSOTIS PALUSTRIS VAR. SEMPERFLORENS. Photograph by John L. Gardner . 151 A. VERONICA GENTIANOIDES. B. POLEMONIUM REPTANS . . . . .152 Photographs by John L. Gardner IRIS GERMANICA ". . . ... 157 PJEONIA MOUTAN. Photograph by J. W. Manning . , * .- . . . .158 LATE TULIPS. Photograph by John L. Gardner . -. . '. . . .161 TULIPA "DARWIN" AND MYOSOTIS ALPESTRIS. Photograph by John L. Gardner . 162 TULIPA GESNERIANA VAR. DRACONTIA. Photograph by John L. Gardner . .165 A JUNE BORDER ...... . v . ., . . .166 ASTILBE JAPONICA. Photograph by James S. Lee v «... .. ' . V . . 169 CAMPANULA PERSICIFOLIA VAR. ALBA. Photograph by James S. Lee . . . 170 CORNUS CANADENSIS ., . V . . . 175 DIGITALIS PURPUREA VARS. Photograph by James S. Lee . . * . . .176 LILIUM CANDIDUM -. . . . . .181 LUPINUS POLYPHYLLUS VARS. Photograph by James S. Lee . . . . . 182 MITCHELLA REPENS . . . . . v „ * . . . .185 POLYGONATUM MULTIFLORUM. Photograph by John L. Gardner . . . .186 A. SMILACINA RACEMOSA. B. VIOLA PED ATA VAR. ALBA. C. VIOLA CANADENSIS . 191 YUCCA FILAMENTOSA. Photograph by James S. Lee v " . . . . .192 HEMEROCALLIS FLAVA 201 LILIUM CANADENSE VAR. FLAVUM . . 202 PHLOMIS TUBEROSA. LYSIMACHIA PUNCTATA. Photographs by John L. Gardner . 205 A. CENOTHERA FRUTICOSA. B. PAP AVER NUDICAULE 206 Photographs by John L. Gardner LILIUM ELEGANS. Photograph by James S. Lee 215 LILIUM MACULATUM. Photograph by James S. Lee 216 PAPAVER ORIENTALE. Photograph by James S. Lee 219 xv ILLUSTRATIONS Page JUNE LANDSCAPE ............. 220 DIANTHUS PLUMARIUS VARS 225 EREMURUS ROBUSTUS 226 CAMPANULA CARPATICA 235 CAMPANULA GLOMERATA. Photograph by James S. Lee 236 IRIS GERMANICA 243 IRIS SIBIRICA 244 PRIMULA JAPONICA. Photograph by John L. Gardner . . . . . .247 STACHYS BETONICA . . . 248 AQUILEGIA C^RULEA. Photograph by John L. Gardner 251 DELPHINIUM FORMOSUM . 252 DELPHINIUM HYBRIDUM 255 IRIS XIPHIUM 256 MYOSOTIS SYLVATICA. Photograph by John L. Gardner 259 AQUILEGIA FLABELLATA. Photograph by John L. Gardner 260 CAMPANULA MEDIUM 265 DIANTHUS BARBATUS. Photograph by James S. Lee 266 IRIS L^VIGATA. Photograph by James S. Lee 269 P^EONIA VARS 270 A MIDSUMMER GARDEN 275 ACHILLEA PTARMICA VAR. "THE PEARL" 276 CAMPANULA PUNCTATA 279 CIMICIFUGA RACEMOSA . . 280 LILIUM AURATUM 287 PLATYCODON GRANDIFLORUM VAR. ALBUM. LYCHNIS CHALCEDONICA VAR. ALBA 288 COREOPSIS GRANDIFLORA. Photograph by James S. Lee 297 COREOPSIS LANCEOLATA 298 HELIANTHUS MOLLIS 301 HYPERICUM MOSERIANUM 302 RANUNCULUS REPENS VAR. FLORE-PLENO. Photograph by John L. Gardner . 307 RUDBECKIA SPECIOSA 308 SOLID AGO SEMPERVIRENS. Photograph by James S. Lee 311 THALICTRUM FLAVUM 312 VERBASCUM OLYMPICUM. Photograph by James S. Lee 315 ASCLEPIAS TUBEROSA 316 HEMEROCALLIS FULVA AND PHLOX PANICULATA. Photograph by James S. Lee . 319 LILIUM TIGRINUM 320 xvi ILLUSTRATIONS Page TRITONIA CROCOSM^FLORA. Photograph by James S. Lee 327 CORONILLA VARIA 328 ACANTHUS MOLLIS VAR. LATIFOLIUS 335 ACONITUM UNCINATUM 336 ECHINOPS RITRO. ERYNGIUM AMETHYSTINUM 349 PENTSTEMON GLABER . . .350 LILIUM BROWNI. Photograph by James S. Lee 355 ALTHAEA ROSEA 356 CACTUS DAHLIA 361 DECORATIVE DAHLIA. QUILLED DAHLIA . . 362 GLADIOLUS VARS * - . . . .367 IRIS LJEVIGATA. Photograph by James S. Lee . . . . . . . 368 PHLOX PANICULATA . . . . .373 "A SHADY WALK IS PLEASANT IN AUGUST" f . . . |j f . . 374 BOLTONIA ASTEROIDES , >..-. . r; . . .377 EUPATORIUM AGERATOIDES . .378 SEDUM SPECTABILE. Photograph by James S. Lee . i;,...._- • • - • -399 LILIUM SPECIOSUM VAR. RUBRUM . . . ... .,,. . . . .400 ASTER NOVJE ANGLIC . .405 STOKESIA CYANEA . . . . . .406 AUTUMN ........ ^ ;.; 417 ANEMONE JAPONICA VAR. ALBA . . . / 418 A. HELIANTHUS GIGANTEUS. B. ASTER TURBINELLUS . . . . .423 HELIANTHUS ORGYALIS 424 KNIPHOFIA ALOIDES , 429 ANEMONE JAPONICA 430 HEUCHERA SANGUINEA Photograph by James S. Lee 433 ASTER NOVJE ANGLIC . . . . . 434 GENTIANA CRINITA 441 SINGLE AND DOUBLE HARDY CHRYSANTHEMUMS 442 CALTHA PALUSTRIS 459 NELUMBIUM SPECIOSUM 460 3ARRACENIA PURPUREA 467 LOBELIA CARDINALIS AND VARIOUS FERNS 468 :LEMATIS PANICULATA 477 WISTARIA CHINENSIS . 478 XVll THE GARDEN MONTH BY MONTH MARCH WHITE Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation' Time of Bloom "White" WHITE *Chionod6xa Pretty bulbous plant somewhat re- 3-6 in. Mid. GLORY OF Lucfliae sembling the Squill. Ten or twelve Sun or Mar. to THE SNOW var. alba flowers on each stem. Lance-shaped half early leaves. Plant in border or rock-gar- shade May den. Prop, by seed and offsets. Well- drained loam. Asia Minor. "White" CROCUS **Crdcusvars. See color "various," page 8. Mid. Mar. to late Apr. "White" GIANT SNOWDROP **Galanthus Elwesii Large handsome species; flowers more globular than G. Nivalis. Bul- 6-12 in. Sun or Mar., Apr. bous. Prop, by offsets in autumn. half Any ordinary garden soil. Mts. of shade Asia Minor. See Plate, page 5. "White" COMMON SNOWDROP **Galanthus nivalis A charming plant with drooping blossoms. Blooms whenever the snow 4-6 in. Sun or ** leaves the ground. Plant in quantity half on the lawn, in borders or under the shade shade of trees. Bulbous. Prop, by off- sets in autumn. Any garden soil. Pyr- enees to Caucasus. See Plate, page 2. "White" PLAITED SNOWDROP **GaUnthus plicatus Excellent Snowdrop, larger in all its parts than G. Nivalis and blos- 4-8 in. Sun or Mar. to early soming later. Solitary bell-shaped half May flowers on long graceful stems. Good shade for rock-garden or border. Bulbous. Prop, by offsets in autumn. Any or- dinary garden soil. Crimea. See Plate, page 5. "White" CHRISTMAS ROSE *HelleT>orus nlger Cup-shaped flowers about 3 in. across, sometimes purple-tinted. 9-i* in. Half Mar., early Good for cutting. Attractive ever- shade Apr. green foliage. Protect in winter and best do not disturb. Plant in border or rock-garden. Prop, by division. Any well-drained rich soil. Europe. See Plate, page 6. "White" LONG- *Helle*borus Largest flowered variety, with sev- 6- 1 8 in. Mar. to LEAVED ntger eral blossoms, 3-5 in. across, on a Half early CHRISTMAS var. altifdlius stem. See H. niger. Hort. shade Apr. ROSE H. n. var. ma- best jor, var. maxi- • . mus • ' T; T ; • "White" OLYMPIC *Helle*borus Profusion of small spreading flow- * ••«• HELLEBORE orientalis ers; good for cutting. a £rot£ct ;if* jyw/. . " var. winter. Plant in rocfc*gar*cfefl..3pKfr sbadf'l •• * • * Ol^mpicus border. Prop, by division. Well- list • *• J ' : •/.*• drained rich soil. Bithynia. WHITE, YELLOW, PURPLE, BLUE MARCH Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "White" WHITE SIBERIAN **Scffla Sibirica Very pretty early-flowering species. One to three flowers droop from slen- 3-6 in. Sun or Mid. Mar. to SQUILL var. alba. der stems. Long narrow leaves. half early Plant in clumps in rock-garden or shade May border. Bulbous. Prop, by offsets in autumn. Sandy soil; give an oc- casional top-dressing. Hort. "Yellow" CROCUS **Cr6cus See color "various," page 8. Mid. 6 vars. Mar. to late Apr. "Deep CLOTH OF **Cr6cus One of the earliest Crocuses. Flow- 3 in. « yellow" 6 GOLD CROCUS Susianus ers tinged or striped with brown. Va- riegated leaves in tufts. Naturalize Sun or half in the grass or plant under trees and shade in rows or clumps in the border. Bul- bous. Prop, by offsets in late Sept. or Oct. Deep well-drained soil. Cau- casus; Crimea. "Yellow" COMMON **Eranthis Pretty cup-shaped flower, surround- 3-8 in. Mar., 4 WINTER hyemalis ed by a whorl of leaves, appears at the Sun or Apr. ACONITE same time as the Snowdrop and does half well under trees, as it prefers partial shade shade. Bulbous. Any garden soil. S. Europe. See Plate, page 2. "Purple" CROCUS **Cr6cus See color "various," page 8. Mid. vars. Mar. to late Apr. "Reddish DARK-RED *Hell6borus Large cup-shaped flowers in clus- 9-15 in. Mar. purple" 42 EASTERN HELLEBORE orientalis var. ters. Leaves evergreen, one on^each flower-stem. Good for rock-garden Half shade to early atr6rubens and border. Prop, by division. Any best Apr. H. o. var. well-drained rich soil. Hungary. Cdlcbtcus Vars. F. C. Heineman and Gretcben Heineman are good and somewhat similar in color. • "Purple" NETTED *Iris Bulbous Iris. Fragrant yellow- i ft. Mid. 55 IRIS reticulata crested flowers on short stalks. Leaves Sun Mar. stiff and narrow, growing to full height after the flowers are gone, disappear when bulbs ripen. Plant in masses in the border in a sheltered spot. Well-drained sandy or fibrous soil. Several blue vars. Caucasus; Pales- tine. "Plum" KRELAGE'S *iris Flowers almost scentless; color va- i ft. Late 42 NETTED reticulata ries, yellow markings not distinct. See Sun Mar. IRIS van Iris reticulata. Caucasus. See Plate, t ". •' * • « ' KrSlagei page 9. "Bltfe"".. ALLEN'S *'r' '• <• ^ Similar to C. Luciliae, the white 3-6 in. Mid. 5.2. • GLORY- Of Alleni ' centre being less distinct. Border Sun or Mar. tibitfncfscitta and rock-garden. Bulbous. Prop, by j J H A J 'ID half i j to Alleni seed and offsets. Any good soil. Re- shade early quires moisture while growing. Hort. May (A) PLAITED SNOWDROP. Galanthus plicatus. (B) GIANT SNOWDROP. Galanthus elwesii. c 7 I CHRISTMAS ROSE, Helleborus niger CROCUS, Crocus vars. BLUE, PARTI-COLORED MARCH Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Blue" GLORY OF **Chionod6xa Pretty, bulbous plant somewhat re- 3-6 in. Mid. 52 & THE SNOW Luciliae sembling the Squill. Ten or twelve Sun or Mar. white flowers on each stem; petals tipped half to with blue, shading to white at the shade early centre. Lance-shaped leaves. Bor- May der or rock-garden. Bulbous. Prop. by seed and offsets. Any good soil. Likes moisture while growing. Asia Minor; Crete. See Plate, page 9. "Blue" GIANT **Chionoddxa Large form of C. Luciliae, of differ- 3-8 in. M 52 or 63 GLORY OF Lucilise ent habit. Groups of this plant are Sun or THE SNOW var. very effective in early spring. For half gigantea cultivation see C. Luciliae. Hort. shade "Blue" 52 TMOLUS' GLORY OF *Chionod6xa Lucilise Large flowers, bright blue and white; blooms later than the species. Choice 3-6 in. Sun or Late Mar. to THE SNOW var. rockery plant; rather rare. For cul- half early Tmolusi tivation see C. Luciliae. Asia Minor. shade May C. Tmolusi "Genti- an-blue" SARDIAN GLORY OF *Chionod6xa Sarde*nsis Flowers borne on branching flower- stems smaller than C. Luciliae, deeper 3-6 in. Sun or Mid. Mar. 52 deeper THE SNOW blue and without the white markings. half to Two vars., one having white stamens, shade early the other black. Bulbous. Prop, by May seed and offsets. Any good soil. They like moisture while growing. Asia Minor. "Blue" 61 STAR HYACINTH *Scffla aindena Blooms freely, but not so attractive as other Squills. Several flower-stems 6-9 in. Sun or orus viridis Drooping green flowers purple tinted, and grayish foliage, weeds 12-18 in. Half (i HELLEBORE var. pur- slight protection in winter. Should shade >urascens not be disturbed. Plant in border or best edge of shrubbery. Prop, by division. Any rich well-drained soil. Hungary. Various CROCUS **Cr6cus vars. Large funnel-shaped stemless flow- ers. Stiff grass-like leaves. Natural- 6-8 in. Sun or Mid. Mar. ize in masses in the grass and under half to late trees, or plant in clumps in the border. shade Apr. Bulbous. Prop, by offsets. Plant in light well-drained soil in late Sept. or Oct. The following are some of the best garden vars. : — White vars. — Caroline Chisbolm; free bloomer. Mammoth Wlite; very large. Mont Blanc; large and snow white. Yellow vars. — Golden Yellow; (color no. 6), deep yellow. Purple vars. — King of the Blues; deep purple blue, very large. Pur- purea grandiflora; large deep purple flowers. Parti-colored vars. — Albion; deep violet striped with white. Cloth of Silver; silvery white lilac-striped. La Majestueuse; large lilac flowers striped white. Sir Walter Scott; white striped with lilac; large and free blooming. See Plate, page 6. White or SPRING **Cr6cus The commonest species. Large 4-5 in- H 46 CROCUS vlrnus stemless funnel-shaped flowers, white Sun or or lilac, sometimes striped with pur- half ple. Stiff grass-like leaves. Mass in shade border or scatter in the grass or under trees. Bulbous. Prop, by offsets. Plant in late Sept. or Oct. in light, j well-drained soil. Europe. 8 KRELAGE'S NETTED IRIS. Iris reticulata -car. Krelagei. GLORY OF THE SNOW. Chionadoxa Lucilia. SIBERIAN SQUILL. Scilla Siberica. cr -1E \\ UE.?!S..ITY Jl 10 AN APRIL LANDSCAPE APRIL WHITE TO GREENISH Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Cream white" WHITE BANE- Act&a alba A. rubra Strong-growing plant of the Butter- cup order. Flowers in showy clusters. i-i$ft. Shade Early Apr. BERRY Berries white. Foliage finely cut. Suit- to able for rock and wild garden. Prop. J^y by seed and division. Loose soil. "Green- MOUNTAIN Alchemflla Drooping inconspicuous flowers and 6-8 in. Late ish" LADY'S alpina digitate leaves. Easily cultivated. Sun or Apr., ' MANTLE Suitable for the rock-garden. Prop. shade May by seed and division. Europe. "White" WILD *Allium Flowers change to rose-pink and are I -2 ft. Apr., turns to ONION mutabile borne in many-flowered umbels above Sun or May 29 pale the narrow leaves. Effective rock- half garden plant. Easily cultivated. Bul- shade bous. Prop, by seed and offsets. Well-drained soil. N. America. "White" WOOD Anemdne Common Anemone. Slender stem- 4-8 in. Late often 36 ANEMONE nemordsa med plant, bearing a solitary flower, Shade Apr. often pink or purplish, i in. across. to Attractive delicate foliage. Pretty in early wild garden and in masses under trees. June Prop, by division; of easy culture in good soil. U.S.A.; Europe; Siberia. "Cream SNOWDROP **Anem6ne Large nodding sweet-scented flow- i-i^ft. Late white" WIND- sylve*stris ers, tinged with lavender, solitary or Sun or Apr. tinged with 39 FLOWER two together; pretty drooping buds. Fine deeply cut foliage. Good in bor- der or under trees. Prop, by division. half shade to mid. July Europe. See Plate, page 13. "Cream DOUBLE *Anem6ne Large double-flowered var. of A. 12-15 in. Apr., white" SNOWDROP sylve"stris sylvestris. Good border plant; also Sun or May WIND- var. suitable for open position in the rock- shade FLOWER fl6re-pleno garden. Europe. "White" MUN- *Aquilegia Abundance of large flowers, many 2-3 ft. if STEAD'S vulgaris on a stem. Good for sheltered spots, Sun WHITE var. alba. in the wild garden or border. Prop, COLUM- A. v. var. by seed, sown as early as possible, or BINE nivea division. Deep sandy loam is best. Hort. "White" WHITE **Arabis Heads of fragrant flowers form a 6-8 in. Early ROCK albida sheet of pure white. Good for the Sun Apr. CRESS A. Caucdsica spring garden, for rockwork and edg- to ings, and for covering bare and rocky June places. Prop, by seed, division and cuttings. Thrives even in poor soil. Europe. See Plate, page 13. Var. variegata; var. with gold and green foliage. Var. flore-pleno; dou- ble-flowered var. II WHITE TO GREENISH APRIL Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "White" ALPINE *Arabis Resembles A. albida but has smaller 6 in. Early ROCK alpina flowers. Excellent rock-plant. Prop. Sun or Apr. CRESS usually by division, also by seed and half to cuttings. Thrives in any ordinary shade late soil. Europe. May Var. fiore-pleno; a double var. Var. variegata has green and yellow foli- age. "White" RUNNING *Arabis Useful trailing rock-plant with « ROCK proctirrens small flowers. Prop, by stolons. Any CRESS soil. Europe. "White" WHITE *Chionod<5xa See page 3. Mid. GLORY OF Luciliae Mar. to THE SNOW var. alba early May "Green- ish" GOLDEN SAXIFRAGE, Chrysosple- nium Creeping plant with inconspicuous flowers. Stems covered with small 6 in. Sun Late Apr., WATER CARPET Americanum pulpy leaves. For bog-garden. Prop, by division. Wet soil. N. Amer. May "White" CROCUS **Cr6cus See page 8. Mid. vars. Mar. to late Apr. "White" PEPPER- Dentaria Petals pale purplish beneath. Two i ft. Apr., ROOT, TWO- diph^lla Cardamine compound leaves. Rootstocks edi- ble. Suitable for margin of border Half shade May LEAVED dipbylla or shrubbery. Prop, by division and or shade TOOTH- WORT by bulblets. Easily cultivated. Light peaty soil, well enriched. Eastern N. Amer. "White" SQUIRREL CORN *Dice*ntra Canadensis A few pendent pink-tipped flowers terminate leafless stems. Pretty gray- 6-12 in. Half M Dielytra ish fern-like foliage. Good plant for shade Canadensis border or rock-garden. Prop, in spring by crown-division or root-cuttings. Light rich soil. Eastern N. Amer. "White" white & 3 DUTCH- MAN'S *Dice*ntra Cucullaria Racemes of drooping yellow-tipped flowers on leafless stems. Deeply-di- 3-6 in. Half it BREECHES Dielytra vided leaves. Suitable for rock-gar- shade Cucullaria den. Prop, in the spring by crown- division or root-cuttings. Light rich soil. Eastern N. Amer. See Plate, page 14. "White" LARGE WHITE- *Epimedium macr&nthum Dainty interesting plant with curi- ously shaped flowers. New leaves 8-10 in. Half Late Apr. FLOWERED var. niveum reddish. Suitable for rock-garden or shade to late BARREN- E. niveum border. Prop, by division. Any gar- best May WORT den soil. Japan. 12 SNOWDROP WINDFLOWER. Anemone WHITE ROCK CRESS. Arabis albida. OF - ••<- ' r- K.-«^. WHITE C.UINEA-HEN FLOWER. Fritillaria Mcleagris rar alba. DUTCHMAN'S BREECHES. Diccntra CucuUaria. WHITE TO GREENISH APRIL Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "White" white & 6 WHITE DOGTOOTH **Erythr6- nium Solitary flower with recurved pet- als, yellow at base, and two long nar- 6 in. Half Late Apr., VIOLET albidum row unmottled leaves, rising from the shade May root. Pretty on grassy banks and extremely good for planting in Rho- dodendron beds. Bulbous. Any light fibrous soil with good drainage. N. J.; Western U. S. A. "Green- LILY-LIKE *Fritillaria One to six lily-like flowers, veined 6-12 in. Apr., ish" FRITIL- liliacea with green, droop from each stalk. Half May LARY Leaves mostly in a whorl near the shade ground. Border or rock-garden. Bul- bous. Prop, by offsets. Rich loam. Cal. "White" WHITE **Fritillaria Solitary drooping bell-shaped flow- i ft. Late GUINEA- HEN Meleagris var. alba ers, slightly checkered. Delicate grass- like leaves which disappear after the Sun or shade Apr., May. FLOWER OR CHECK- ERED LILY bulb ripens. Charming for the bor- der and rock-garden. Bulbous. Prop, by offsets; division every 3 or 4 years necessary. Grows best in deep sandy loam. Europe; Caucasus. See Plate, page 14. "Green- ish CAUCASIAN SNOWDROP *Galanthus Caucasicus Later blooming than G. nivalis. Plant in masses in the rock-garden 8-9 in. Half Apr., May white" . G. Redoiitei and leave undisturbed for years. Bul- shade bous. Prop, by offsets. Any ordi- best nary garden soil. Caucasus. "White" GIANT **Galdnthus See page 3. Mar., SNOWDROP Elwesii Apr. "White" COMMON **Galanthus See page 3. (t SNOWDROP nivalis "White" PLAITED **Galanthus See page 3. Mar. to SNOWDROP plicatus early May "White" CHRISTMAS *Helle*borus See page 3. Mar., ROSE niger early Apr. "White" LONG- *HelleT>orus See page 3. Mar. to LEAVED niger var. early CHRISTMAS altifdlius Apr. ROSE H. n. var. ma- jor, var. mdx- imus "White" OLYMPIC *HelleT>orus See page 3. M HELLEBORE orientalis var. Ol^mpicus WHITE TO GREENISH APRIL Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "White" DUTCH **Hyacfnthus See color "various," page 59. Late HYACINTH orientals Apr., vars. May "Green- ORANGE Hydrastis Grown for its bright red berries and 12-15 in- « ish ROOT, Canadlnsis attractive foliage rather than for its Half white" GOLDEN small solitary flowers. Root of me- shade SEAL dicinal value. Wild garden. Prop. by seed and division. Moist loam with leaf-mold. Eastern N. Amer. "White" WHITE **Lathyrus Tufted habit. Drooping pea-like I -2 ft. "White" COMMON **Muscari Pretty bulbous plant. Dense clus- 9 in. II WHITE botryoides ters of small globular scentless flow- Sun or GRAPE var. album ers. Narrow stiff leaves. Plant in half HYACINTH clumps in the border or rock-garden. shade Prop, by offsets. Ordinary garden soil. Europe. "White" PRIMROSE Narcissus Two flowers on each stem; pure I -2 ft. Mid. PEERLESS biflorus white with pale yellow short cups. Half Apr. Plant in masses in the border, in the shade to late grass or the edge of shrubbery. Bul- best May bous. Prop, by offsets, riant in late Sept. or Oct., 6 or 8 inches deep, 3 in. apart. Any good soil. S. Europe. 16 OF 18 WHITE MOSS PINK. Phlox subulata var. alba. WHITE TO GREENISH APRIL Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height .and Situation Time of Bloom "White" ALGERIAN *Narcissus Small delicate plant with several 5-8 in. Late WHITE HOOP- Bulbocb- dium var. solitary flowers and slender leaves. Not very hardy. Plant in Sept. or Half shade Apr., early PETTICOAT Monoph^llus Oct., 5 in. deep and 3 in. apart. best May DAFFODIL Bulbous. Prop, by offsets. A good welUdrained soil. Give an occasional top-dressing. Algiers. "White" BUR- Narcissus A short-cupped Narcissus similar to 12-15 in- Mid. BIDGE'S Burbidgei the Poet's N. Yellow cups edged Half Apr. NARCISSUS with scarlet, and white base-petals. shade to late For cultivation, etc., see N. biflorus. best May "White" WHITE *0mphal6des Trailing plant. Flowers like For- 6 in. Apr., CREEPING ve"rna get-me-nots in clusters on an erect Sun or May FORGET- var. alba stem; less pretty than the blue var. half ME-NOT Good for rock-garden or for fringing shade walks. Prop, by division. Moist soil. Europe. Var. *plena-alba has double white flowers. "Cream DROOPING Ormth6galum Star-shaped flowers, white backed 8-12 in. 1C white" STAR-OF- nutans with green, in racemes of 3 to 12. Fo- Sun BETHLE- liage pale green, long and narrow. HEM Pretty plant, good for covering bare places in wild gardens as it increases rapidly. Bulbous. Prop, by offsets. Europe; Asia Minor. See Plate, page '7- "White" WHITE ICELAND **Papaver nudicaule Charming large cup-shaped flowers on graceful erect and leafless stems. 9- 1 5 in. Sun Late Apr. to POPPY var. album Buds nodding. Good for cutting. mid. Treat as an annual. Rock-gardens or borders. Prop, by seed. Light fairly June; late rich soil. Arctic and Alpine Regions. Aug., Sept. "White" WHITE MOSS OR *Phl6x subulata Creeping evergreen plant thickly covered with small flowers which rise 4-6 in. Sun Late Apr. GROUND var. alba from a moss-like bed of foliage. Fa- to late PINK vorite rock-plant; good for carpeting May rock-gardens or borders. Prop, by seed, division or cuttings. Light dry soil. N. Y., West and South. See Plate, page 18. "White" MOSS OR GROUND **Phl6x subulata Sheets of pink-centred flowers cover the thick moss-like bed of foliage. 4-6 in. Sun " PINK, var. Excellent for carpeting. Prop, by THE BRIDE "The Bride" seed, division or cuttings. Light dry soil. Hort. "White" NELSON'S *Phl6x Resembles the preceding in habit, 4-6 in. « MOSS OR subulata use and cultivation. Hort. Sun GROUND var. Nelsoni PINK WHITE TO GREENISH APRIL Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Bluish STRIPED *Puschkfnia Resembles the Squill family. Flow- 4-12 in. Late white" SQUILL scilloides ers marked with blue, in clusters of Sun Apr., Addmsia scilloides i-io. Foliage long and narrow. Good border or rock-garden plant, but can- early May not be crowded. Bulbous. Light soil. Asia Minor. "White" FLOWER- Pyxidanthera Minute evergreen creeping plant 2 in. Apr., buds 23 ING MOSS, barbulata growing in dense cushions. Buds rose- Sun or May PYXIE Diapensia color, flowers white. Rock-garden. half barbulata Prop, by division. Sand and leaf- shade mold. N. J. to N. C. "White" BLOOD- ROOT, RED *Sanguinaria Canade"nsis Large star-shaped flowers with yel- low centres, surrounded by handsome Sin. Sun or Early Apr. PUCCOON dark foliage which springs from the shade to root. Gives a charming effect in mid. masses under deciduous trees. Prop. May by division. Light,preferably moist soil. Eastern N. Amer. See Plate, page 21. "Dull EARLY Saxifraga Downy tufted plant. Numerous in- 4-9 in. Apr. white" SAXIFRAGE Virginie*nsis significant flowers in erect spikes. Sun to late Leaves in rosette at base of plant. June Protect with leaves. Suitable for rock-garden and used sometimes for border. Prop, by division. N. East- ern U. S. A. "White" WHITE **Scflla See page 4. Mid. SIBERIAN Sibirica Mar. SQUILL var. alba to early May "White" EASTER Townse"ndia Low-growing, almost stemless plant 6-12 in. Apr., DAISY of Colorado sericea with white or purple-tinted flowers, re- sembling Asters. Leaves very nar- Sun May row. Western N. Amer. "White" NODDING Trfllium Solitary flowers with wavy reflexed i ft. Late WAKE- ce"rnuum petals, somewhat hidden by the broad or more Apr. ROBIN leaves. Pretty for moist borders Half to among ferns or for naturalization un- shade early der trees. Prop, by seed or division. June - Rich moist soil is best. Eastern N. Amer. "White" WHITE ILL- SCENTED *Trfllium er€ctum Showy. Charming flowers on grace- ful stems from which spring broad I ft. or more « WAKE- var. dlbum dark leaves. For use and cultivation Half ROBIN see T. cernuum. N. Amer. shade "Cream EARLY Trillium Dwarf species. Flowers solitary on 5 in. Late white" WAKE- nivale erect or drooping stalks. Foliage nar- Half Apr., ROBIN row. Pretty for the wild garden or shade May border. Prop, by seed or division. Moist rich soil is best. U. S. A. "White" PAINTED Trfllium Large handsome flowers marked I ft. « WAKE- undulatum with crimson. Large leaves on the or more ROBIN T. erythrocdr- flower-stalks. Pretty in moist bor- Half pum, T. pic- ders, among ferns, or naturalized un- shade turn der trees. For cultivation see T. nivale. 20 BLOOD-ROOT. Sangitinaria Canadensis. 21 22 WHITE TO GREENISH, YELLOW APRIL Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "White" TULIP **Tulipa Single Early Bedding Tulips. See Late vars. color "various," page 64. Apr. to late May "White" TULIP **Tulipa vars. Double Early Bedding Tulips. See « color "various," page 64. "White" WHITE *Ver6nica Pretty tufted plant. Small flow- 6-24 in. M GENTIAN- gentianoides ers borne in erect spikes on leafy Sun or LEAVED var. alba stems above the carpet of foliage. half SPEED- Good for border or rock-garden and sbade WELL for covering bare places. Prop, by division. Any soil. Hort. "White" COMMON *Vmca Trailing evergreen. Large solitary 2-6 in. Late WHITE minor flowers and dark glossy foliage. Sun or Apr. PERI- WINKLE OR var. alba Spreads rapidly forming a thick car- pet for bare places, under trees or in sbade to June RUNNING rock-garden. Prop, by division or MYRTLE cuttings. Easily cultivated in any ordinary soil. Europe. "White" SWEET Viola Common species. Small flowers 2-6 in. Apr., WHITE blanda somewhat veined with lilac and faintly Sun May VIOLET fragrant. Round leaves minutely downy. Prop, by division. Found in low wet places. N. Amer. "White" CANADA Viola Common in rich woods. Flowers 3-14 in. Late tinged VIOLET Canade*nsis tinged with purple. Pointed heart- Half Apr. with 43 shaped leaves. Vigorous grower; shade to good under shade of trees. Prop, by Mid. division. N. Amer. See Plate, page 22. June "White" WHITE Viola Petals pinkish outside. Plant in 3-5 in- Late DOG canina masses in a shady spot of rock or wild Half Apr. VIOLET var. alba garden. Prop, by division. Europe. shade to late May "White" WHITE HORNED **Viola cornuta Vigorous tufted plant bearing a continuous profusion of sweet-scented 5-8 in. Sun or Late Apr. VIOLET var. alba flowers the size of small Pansies. half until OR BED- Clean bright foliage. Good for cut- sbade frost DING PANSY ting and excellent for border or rock- garden and for spring bedding. Prop. by seed, division or cuttings. Any good soil. Pyrenees. "White" SWEET Viola Tufted Violet with creeping run- 6 in. Late VIOLET odorata ners. Flowers very fragrant. Heart- Half Apr. var. alba shaped leaves. Should be natural- shade to late ized in large quantities. Prop, by May seed and division. Loose, rich sandy soil preferable. Europe. "Yellow" SPRING **Ad6nis Alpine plant. Dense tufts bear 8-15 in. Mid. 5 ADONIS, OX EYE vernalis A. Apennlna, large buttercup-like flowers. Very finely cut foliage in whorls. Useful Sun or half Apr. to A. Davurica for rock-garden or border. Prop, by shade June seed sown when gathered, or by divi- sion. Light sandy soil. Europe. 23 YELLOW APRIL Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Yellow" GOLDEN **Allium Flowers in round clusters surmount- I ft. Mid. 4 GARLIC Moly ing a slender stem. Leaves lance- Sun or Apr. shaped. Easily cultivated. Good in shade to masses. Bulbous. Prop, by offsets June -' | and seed. Hungary; the Pyrenees. "Lemon AUSTRIAN *Al^ssum Shrubby habit. Less hardy than 9-12 in. Apr., yellow" MADWORT Gemone*nse A. saxatile, but with larger flowers. Sun May 2 Rock-plant. Prop, by seed, division and cuttings. Europe. "Golden ROCK **Alfssum Excellent rock-plant of spreading i ft. Mid. yellow" MADWORT, saxatile habit covered with numerous clusters Sun Apr. 5 GOLDEN- of small flowers which form an effec- to late TUFT tive mass of color in border or rock- May garden. Good for edgings. If cut after flowering it will bloom again, even after frost. Prop, by seed, divi- sion or cuttings. Of easy culture. Prefers a well-drained soil. Europe. See Plate, page 25. A. saxatile var. variegatum is a va- riegated form. *A. saxatile var. flore- pleno is a double var., a splendid rock- plant and good for the front of bor- ders. "Yellow" COMPACT **Al£ssum A compact var. of A. saxatile. Fra- i ft. Mid. 5 ROCK saxatile grant flowers in clusters. Foliage sil- Sun Apr. MADWORT var. very. Used for rockwork or border. to OR GOLDEN- TUFT compactum See A. saxatile. Europe. June "Golden YELLOW *Anem6ne Plant resembles the Apennine Anem- 3-8 in. Apr., yellow" WOOD ranuncu- one. Flowers single or semi-double, Sun or May bet 1 & 2 ANEMONE loides usually solitary. Leaves deeply cut. shade Good rock-garden plant. Rich light soil. Europe; Siberia. "Yellow" 2 YELLOW CANADIAN *Aquilegia Canade"nsis Pretty variety. Flowers droop over the grayish foliage. Plant in shel- I -2 ft. Sun Late Apr. COLUMBINE var. tered situation in the rock-garden or to flaviflbra border. Prop, by seed sown as early early A. C.var.fla- as possible, or by division. Deep July vescens. A. sandy loam. N. Amer. ccerulea var. ftavescens "Yellow" 5 PROPHET FLOWER Arnebia echioides Slightly curving spikes of flowers with purple spots which gradually 3-12 in. Half Apr., May Macrotbmia disappear. Spreading leaves. Does shade ecbioldes well in a northern exposure. Suitable for rock-gardens. Prop, by seed, divi- sion or cuttings. Moist, but well- drained soil. Caucasus. "Yellow" DOUBLE Caltha Double form of our native plant. I -2 ft. M 5 MARSH paltistris var. Flowers i % in. broad. Good for cut- Sun or MARIGOLD flbre-pleno ting. Prefers wet places, but does half C. />. var. well in a rich border. Hort. shade monstrdsa- plena 24 ROCK MADWORT. Alyssum saxatile. 26 COMMON DOGTOOTH VIOLET. Erythronium Americanum. YELLOW APRIL Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Green- BLUE Cauloph^llum Native plant of the Barberry fam- I-2Ht. Apr., ish COHOSH thalictroides ily. Racemes of small flowers, suc- Half May yellow" green & ceeded by deep blue berries. Foliage dark and finely cut. Good for wild shade 2 garden. Prop, by division. Grows well in rich soil or peat. N. Amer. "Yellow" CROCUS **Cr6cus See page 8. Mid. 6 vars. Mar. to late Apr. "Deep CLOTH OF *Cr6cus See page 4. « yellow" GOLD Susianus 6 CROCUS "Yellow" 4 EVER- GREEN Draba Aizoon Tiny Alpine plant bearing a profu- sion of small flowers rising from dense 3 in. Sun Late Apr., WHITLOW rosettes of stiff dark green linear foli- May GRASS age. Plant on walls or in masses in rock-garden. Prop, by fall-sown seed, generally by division. Well-drained soil. Europe. "Yellow" ALPINE Draba Flower-stems hairy; leaves lance- 3 in. M 4 WHITLOW alpina shaped. For description see D. Sun GRASS Aizoon. "Yellow" COMMON **Erdnthis See page 4. Mar., 4 WINTER hyemalis Apr. ACONITE "Sulphur ALPINE Er^simum Resembles the Wallflower. Flowers 6-12 in. Late yellow" WALL- FLOWER ochroleucrum cover the plant thickly. Foliage forms a dense tuft. Good for front of bor- Sun Apr., May der, dry banks and rock-gardens. "On level ground it is likely to lose lower leaves and to perish on heavy soils in a hard winter." Prop, by division and cuttings. Spain. "Yellow" 1 COMMON ADDER'S TONGUE **Erythr6- nium Americanum Native plant. Charming lily-like drooping flowers with recurved petals, sometimes purple-tinged. Long nar- 6 in. Half shade Late Apr. to late OR row mottled leaves. Excellent for May DOGTOOTH rock-garden, to naturalize or to plant VIOLET in Rhododendron beds. Mulch in win- ter. Bulbous. Prop, by seed and off- sets. Light peaty soil. Eastern U. S. A.; Canada. See Plate, page 26. "Yellow" LEMON- *Erythr6nium Pretty native plant. Flowers with 6 in. Late 15 COLORED citrinum broad petals much reflexed, tipped Shade Apr. yellower DOGTOOTH with pink, 1-3 on the stem. Leaves to & lighter VIOLET mottled. For location and cultiva- mid. tion see E. Americanum. N.;Amer. May "Yellow" LARGE- **Erythr6- Attractive native plant. One to six 6 in; 11 Slight FLOWERED nium flowers on slender stems. Handsome Half j DOGTOOTH grandi- unmottled leaves. Blooms early. shade or VIOLET fldrum Naturalize under deciduous trees. For shade E. giganttum location and cultivation see E. Ameri- canum. N. Western Amer. YELLOW APRIL Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Yellow" MYRSIN- *Euph6rbia Low prostrate plant. Flowers in I ft. Mid. 2 pale & greenish ITES-LIKE SPURGE Myrsinites umbels surrounded by leaflets. Pulpy whitish green leaves. Good for rock- Sun Apr. to late gardens. Prop, by division. Any May soil. S. Europe. "Bright yellow" GOLDEN FRITILLARY *Fritillaria aurea Solitary drooping bell-shaped flow- ers checkered with brown. Deep green 6-12 in. Shade Mid. Apr. 5 lance - shaped leaves generally in to whorls of three. Replanting every 3 June or 4 years necessary. Bulbous. Prop. by offsets. Deep sandy loam. Cilicia. "Green- PALE- *Fritillaria Large pale bell-shaped flowers. Blu- 6-15 in. M ish FLOWERED pallidifldra ish green foliage. Pretty for the bor- Shade yellow" FRITILLARY der and rock-garden. For cultivation 2 deep & see F. aurea. Siberia. greenish "Yellow" 5 SHY FRITILLARY *Fritillaria pudica A charming plant and graceful species with fragrant bell-shaped un- 6-12 in. Half Mid. Apr. checkered flowers, solitary and droop- shade to ing. Long and narrow grayish leaves. mid. Replanting every 3 or 4 years neces- May sary. Give slight shelter. Bulbous. Prop, by offsets. Deep sandy loam mixed with leaf-mold. Also a purple var. N. Western Amer. "Yellow" DUTCH Hyacinthus See color "various," page 59. Late HYACINTH orientalis Apr., vars. May "Yellow" HOOP- *Narcfssus Small delicate species with several 5-8 in. Late 5 PETTICOAT DAFFODIL Bulbocddium solitary flowers and slender leaves. Pretty but not very hardy. Plant in Half shade Apr. to late Sept. or Oct., 5 in. deep and 3 in. best May apart. Prop, by offsets. Any good well-drained soil. Give an occasional top-dressing. S. France; Spain. "Yellow STAR **Narcissus A vigorous species which increases 12-15 in. Mid. mixed" DAFFODIL incomparabi- rapidly. Solitary scentless flowers. Half Apr. lis & vars. Plant in rows or masses in the border shade to or edge of shrubbery in Sept. or Oct., best mid. 6 in. deep and 6 in. apart. Cover in May winter. In 5 or 6 years the bulbs become crowded and should be sepa- rated. Bulbous. Prop, by offsets. Any good well-drained soil. Give an occasional top-dressing. S. Spain; France to the Tyrol. See Plate, page 29. The following are some of the best garden vars. They are hardy and in- crease rapidly. Medium Trumpet Narcissi, Single vars. — **Barrii Conspicuus; (petals color no. 2, cup 5), yellow crown, edged with orange-scarlet, and broad spreading primrose base-petals; unex- celled for cutting, lasting long in wa- ter. *Incomparabilis cynosure; (color no. 2, crown 5), large base-petals with 28 '•o 29 STAR DAFFODIL VAR. LEEDSII. Narcissus Lecdsii. JONQUIL. Narcissus Jonquilla. YELLOW APRIL Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom bold orange crown. ** Incotnparabilis Sir Watkin, Giant Welsh Daffodil; (petals color no. 3, cup 6), rich golden yellow cup, beautifully fringed, very large primrose base-petals. *Incom- parabilis Stella; (white and color no. 5), pure white base-petals, with bright yellow crown ; blooms early. * Leedsii; (color nos. 2 pale & 3 light), white base-petals, pale primrose cup which becomes white; fragrant. See Plate, page 30. ** Leedsii Amabilis; (color nos. 2 pale & 3 light), pure white base-petals, and long lemon-yellow crown; a very beautiful var. ** Leed- sii Ducbess of Brabant; (color nos. 2 pale & 3), white base-petals small ca- nary-yellow cup; a pretty var. *Nel- soni Major; (color nos. 2 pale & 4), large white base-petals, and long fluted bright yellow cup. Double vars. — These bloom some- what later and are not so charming as the single vars. Incotnparabilis Or- , ange Pbcenix, Eggs and Bacon; (color no. 7 & white), very large double cream white and orange flower of great beauty. Incotnparabilis plenus, Butter and Eggs; (color no. 2, centre 5), large double yellow flowers with v orange centres. Incomparabilis Silver Pbcenix, Codlins and Cream; (color no. 3 & white), one of the finest dou- ble sorts, with large pale creamy white fragrant flowers. "Yellow" 3 JONQUIL *Narcfssus Jonquilla & Delicate and graceful species; 2-6 flowers on a stalk. Plant in Sept. or 8-15 in. Half Apr., early vars. Oct., 5 in. deep and 3 in. apart. Prop. sbade May by offsets. Any good well-drained best soil. Give an occasional top-dressing. S. Europe; Algeria. See Plate, page 30. Vars. — Double and Single, Sweet scented; deep yellow. Campernelle; (color no. 5), large deep yellow flow- ers, excellent for cutting. Rugulosus; (color no. 4), very fragrant deep yel- low flowers; the largest Jonquil. "Yellow COMMON **Narcissus Hardy and common species. Usual- i2-i8in. Late mixed" OR TRUMPET Pseudo- Narcissus ly a single Trumpet Narcissus, but hav- ing also double forms in which the Half sbade Apr.. May DAFFODIL, LENT LILY vars. trumpet disappears. Plant in Sept. or Oct., 6-8 in. deep and 4 in. apart. best Cover in winter and separate after 5 or 6 years. Plant in rows or masses in the border or on the edge of shrub- bery. Prop, by offsets. Any good YELLOW APRIL Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonym* Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom well-drained soil. Give an occasional top-dressing. The following is a list of hybrids. This is an especially beautiful group, but not so hardy as the Medium Trumpet Narcissus. "Yellow mixed" Large Trumpet Narcissi. Single vars. — **Ard Rigb; (color nos. 3 & 12-15 in. Half Apr. to 4), large flowers blooming early. sbade mid. ** Emperor; (color no. 3, cup 4), im- best May mense flowers with golden yellow trumpets, and deep primrose base-pet- als; hardy. *GolaenSpur; (color no. 3, cup 4), large flowers with immense trumpets. *Henry Irving; (color no. 4), very handsome golden yellow flow- ers with large trumpet recurved at the tip, and broad overlapping base-pet- als. *Jobnstoni, Queen of Spain; (color no. 2), sulphur-yellow flowers; blossoms early. * Nanus; (color no. 3), about 6 in. high, bearing clear yel- low flowers which bloom early. *Ob- vallaris, Tenby Daffodil; (color nos. 4 & 3 bright), bright yellow flowers with wide trumpets and broad base- petals; quite hardy. *Princeps; (color no. 2, cup 3), large yellow trumpets and pale primrose bas£-pet- als. **Rugilobus; (color no. 4 to 3 light), large golden yellow trumpets and broad primrose base-petals; a free bloomer. **Spurius; (between color nos. 3 & 5), one of the finest Trum- pet Daffodils, clear yellow flowers with large wide-mouthed trumpets. **Trumpet Major; (color no. 5), very effective golden yellow flowers. ** Trumpet Maximus; (color no. 2, cup 5), golden yellow flowers with fringed trumpets and twisted base- petals. *Trumpet Minor; is a dwarf ' form of T. Maximus, about 5 in. high. * Empress; (color no. 2, cup 4), one of the best Daffodils, rich yellow trum- pet and broad cream-white base-pet- als. ** Grandee Maximus; (color no. 2, cup 5), large golden yellow trumpet and broad cream-white finely imbri- cated base-petals. **Horsfieldii, King of the Daffodils; (color no. 2, cup 5), large golden yellow trumpet and cream-white base-petals. *Scot- ticus; (color no. 4), deep yellow trum- pet beautifully serrated, white basie- petals; not quite hardy. Double vars.— Telemonius plenus, Van Sion; "Old Double Yellow Daffodil"; (color nos. 5 & 6), very large deep gold- en yellow flowers. See Plate, page 33. 33 ENGLISH COWSLIP. Primula officinolis. 34 ORANGE GLOBE FLOWER. Trollius Asiaticus. YELLOW APRIL Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Yellow" 5 or 6 ICELAND POPPY **Papaver nudicaule Lovely plant. Large solitary cup- shaped flowers on graceful leafless 9-1 5 in. Sun Late Apr. brilliant stems; nodding buds. Not enduring; to should be treated as an annual. If July, cut back flowers almost continuously late from spring until frost. Mass in bor- Aug. der or rock-garden. Prop, by seed. to Oct. Light rather rich soil. Arctic Regions. "Pale COMMON *Primula Several solitary flowers, i in. across 6-9 in. Mid. yellow" EUROPEAN acaulis on naked stems, rise above the pretty Half Apr. 2 OR TRUE PRIMROSE P. grandi flora P. vulgar is tuft of foliage. Slight protection needed in winter. Very pretty in shade to June sheltered positions in the rock-garden or border. Prop, by seed and offsets. Rich light soil, not dry. England; Europe. "Yellow" 3 ENGLISH COWSLIP **Pnmula officinalis Six to twelve small cup-shaped flow- ers drooping in one-sided clusters 6-12 in. Half Late Apr. which rise high above the rosette of shade to late foliage. Charming in sheltered posi- May tions in the rock-garden or border. Protect in winter. Prop, by seed. Rich light soil, not dry; N. and Cen- tral Europe. See Plate, page 34. "Orange ORANGE **Tr611ius Large solitary flowers, 1-2 in. across, li-2ft. Late yellow" GLOBE Asiaticus less globular than T. Europseus, on Sun or Apr. 6 FLOWER leafy stems. Foliage bronze-green half to late and finely divided. Good for cutting. shade May, Popular border plant. Prop, by divi- sion or seed which will flower the sec- early Aug. ond year. Prefers a damp peaty soil. to Oct. Siberia. See Plate, page 34. "Yellow" TULIP **Tulipavars. Single Early Bedding Tulips. See Late color "various," page 64. Apr. to late May "Yellow" TULIP **TWipa vars. Double Early Bedding Tulips. See (C color "various," page 64. "Yellow" VARIE- Tussilago Somewhat coarse spreading plant. 6-8 in. Apr. 3 GATED Farfara Dandelion-like flowers. Grown chiefly Shade COLTSFOOT var. for its large downy leaves margined variegata and spotted with white. Apt to spread too readily. Wild garden. Associate with ferns, etc. Prop, by runners. Grows in stiff clay. Hort. "Yellow" YELLOW **VJola One of the many charming yellow 5-8 in. Late 6 HORNED cornuta varieties of this species. Excellent for Sun or Apr. VIOLET OR var. border or rock-garden. Prop, by seed, half until BEDDING lutea major division or cuttings. Any good soil. shade frost PANSY "Yellow" HAIRY Viola Common in our woods. Softly 6-12 in. Late effect 2 light YELLOW VIOLET pube*scens downy. Lower petals purple veined. Broad heart-shaped leaves. Plant in Half shade Apr. to late a shady part of rock or wild garden. May Prop, sometimes by seed, generally by division. N. Amer. 35 YELLOW, ORANGE, RED APRIL Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Yellow" EARLY OR Zizia aurea Flowers in flat-topped clusters. I-2$ft. Late 4 GOLDEN Plant in masses in the wild garden. Sun Apr. MEADOW N. Amer. to late PARSNIP May "Orange GOLDEN Bloomeria Round clump of flowers surmount- 6- 1 8 in. Apr., yellow" BLOOM- ERIA aurea Notboscor- ing a slender stem. Foliage grass-like springing from the root. Winter pro- Sun May dum aureum tection of leaves or litter. Bulbous. Flowers from seed in 4 years. Warm sandy soil. Cal. "Or- DUTCH **Hyacinthus See color "various," page 59. Late ange" HYACINTH orientalis Apr., vars. May "Deep orange" ORANGE ICELAND *Papaver nudicaule Charming large cup-shaped flowers on graceful erect and leafless stems; 9- 1 5 in. Sun Late Apr. bet POPPY var. buds nodding. Treat as an annual. to 12 & 17 aurantiacum If cut back flowers almost continuous- July, ly from spring until frost. Rock-gar- ate den or border. Prop, by seed. Light Aug. soil, fairly rich. Arctic Regions. to Oct. "Deep orange" SMALL ICELAND *Papaver nudicaule Very showy var. See P. nudicaule var. aurantiacum. 9-1 5 in. Sun Late Apr. to bet. POPPY var. July, 12&17 miniatum mid. Aug. to Oct. "Scarlet" WILD *Aquilegia Compact native plant of slender I -2 ft. Late 19 & 4 COLUMBINE Canade*nsis growth, with many flowers. Effect is Sun or Apr. scarlet, but petals are yellow, with shade to spurs of brilliant scarlet and protrud- mid. ing stamens. Pretty foliage. Useful June for wild or rock-garden. Prop, pref- erably by seed. Any ordinary soil. N. Amer. See Plate, page 37. "Orange CALIFOR- *Aquilegia Drooping yellow - tinged flowers 2-3 ft. Apr. scarlet" NIAN truncata with short blunt petals and stout Sun or to 17 COLUM- A. Calif dr- spurs. Border plant. Prop, by seed half early BINE nica, or careful division. Sandy loam, deep shade June A. eximea and well-drained. Cal. "Red" DUTCH **Hyacinthus See color "various," page 59. Late HYACINTH orientalis Apr., vars. May "Brown- ILL- *Trfllium Charming flowers on graceful stems I ft. Late ish red" SCENTED ere"ctum from which spring broad dark leaves. or more Apr. 28 WAKE- T. pendulum Pretty for damp borders, to plant Half to neutral & lighter ROBIN T. purpureum T. fdtidum among ferns, or to naturalize under trees. Prop, by seed or division. A shade early June rich moist soil is best. N. Amer. "Red" TULIP **Tulipa Single Early Bedding Tulips. See Late vars. color "various," page 64. Apr. to late May "Red" TULIP **Tulipa Double Early Bedding Tulips. See it vars. color "various," page 04. 37 RED, PINK APRIL Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Red" 19 GREIG'S TULIP **TMipa Greigii Very showy. Large flowers 5 in. across with dark spots at base of pet- 3-8 in. Sun Late Apr. als. Leaves marked with purple. Ef- to fective in masses. Plant in late Sept. mid. or Oct. at a depth of 4 in. to the bot- May tom of the bulb, allowing 4 in. between each. Best to protect in winter and to give an occasional top-dressing. Prop, by offsets. Light soil. If drainage is t poor, put sand around the bulb. Tur- kestan. See Plate, page 38. "Intense LAUCHE'S **Armeria Flowers in dense heads spring from 3-6 in. Late pink" THRIFT OR maritima cushions of foliage. Easily grown and Sun Apr. 27 lighter SEA PINK var. blooms profusely. Excellent for rock- to Laucheana garden or for edging. Prop, by seed mid. A. Laucbeana and division. Any garden soil. Hort. June "Pink" 31 deeper LEICH- TLIN'S *Aubrietia deltoidea Creeping ptant, usually evergreen, covered in spring with a profusion of 2-10 in. Sun or Late Apr., & redder ROCK var. flowers. Leaves grayish. Attractive half May CRESS Leichtlini when trailing over rocks and when shade used for edgings. Prop, by seed, divi- sion or cuttings. Easily grown. S. Europe. "Pink" ENGLISH *Bfllis A plant of neat effect. Rays white, 3-6 in. Mid. 29 & DAISY pere*nnis tipped with pink or red, so numerous Sun Apr. white as frequently to conceal the yellow to centre. Should be protected in winter. mid. Desirable for edging and border. Prop. June by seed in spring or division in Sept. Rich soil. W. Europe. See Plate, page 41. "Rose" CAROLINA Claytonia Spreading dwarf plant. Flowers in 6 in. Late 36& 23 SPRING Caroliniana loose racemes on slender stems, pretty, Half Apr., BEAUTY but of few days' duration. Good for shade May the wild or rock-garden. Tuberous plant. Prefers moist soil. Minn, to the Atlantic and S. to the Mts. of N. C. "Light SPRING Clayt6nia Flowers are larger and more nu- 6- 1 2 in. Apr., pink" BEAUTY Virginica merous than in C. Caroliniana. Slen- Half May 36 der stem bears loose clusters of star- shade shaped flowers, veined with deeper pink, which pass quickly. Plant six to twelve together in wild or rock- garden. Tuberous plant. Moist rich soil. Middle and Eastern U. S. A. "Deep pink" GARLAND FLOWER **Daphne Cneorum Charming dense trailing evergreen shrub with close clusters of deliciously 6- 1 2 in. Sun or Late Apr., 29 fragrant flowers and crimson buds. half May Attractive dark glossy foliage. Often shade blooms again in summer. Plant in sheltered position in front of shrubs or in the rock-garden. Prop, by layers or cuttings of half ripe wood. Light loam well-drained and enriched. Eu- rope. 39 MAGENTA TO PINK APRIL Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom Var. majus; (color no. 30), "deep pink." Of stronger growth than the type. Hort. "Rose*' BLEEDING **Dice*ntra The best species of Dicentra. An I -2 ft. Late 30 HEART spectabilis excellent perennial. Arching stems Half Apr. Dielyira bear drooping heart-shaped flowers shade to spectdbilis with white protuberances. Handsome deeply-cut foliage. Good old-fash- best mid. July ioned border plant. Prop, by division of crown or roots. Light loam not too rich. Japan. "Pinkish" MAY- *Epigfca The well-known and lovely plant, 2-4 in. Apr., 36 or 29 FLOWER, TRAILING repens native of the woods, with fragrant flowers in clusters amidst dark glossy Shade early May ARBUTUS, foliage. Difficult of culture. Plant in GROUND the wild garden. Prop, by layers, LAUREL cuttings or division. Moist soil, sand and leaf-mold. U. S. A. east of the Mississippi. "Pink" DUTCH **Hyacinthus See color "various," page 59. Late HYACINTH orientalis Apr., vars. May "Pink" RED *L?chnis Star-like flowers in showy clusters. 6-12 in. U 29 pale ALPINE alpina Foliage thick at base of plant. Plant Sun CAMPION Viscaria in the border or rock-garden. Prop. alpina by seed or division. Ordinary light garden soil. N. Asia; Europe; Amer. "Ma- DARK *Phl6x Creeping evergreen plant covered 4-6 in. cc genta" PURPLE subulata with masses of small flowers which Sun bet. 44 & MOSS PINK var. atropur- rise from a moss-like bed of foliage. 38 dull purea Good carpeting plant for rock-garden or border. Prop, by seed, division or cuttings. Dry light soil. Hort. "Rose" LEAFY *Phl6x For description and cultivation see 4-6 in. (i MOSS PINK subulata P. subulata var. atropurpurea. Hort. Sun var. frondbsa "Pink" THICK- *Saxifraga Showy and spreading. Drooping 12-15 in- Late bet. 29 at LEAVED crassifdlia masses of flowers high above the large Half Apr. 32 SAXIFRAGE clustered leaves. Protect in winter. shade to late One of the most popular rock-plants. May Prop, by division or offshoots. Any soil. Siberia. "Bright pink" 29 WELD PINK *Silene Pennsylva"- nica Small attractive plant. Flowers in nodding clusters of 6 or 8 about i in. across. Foliage mostly about the root. 6-9 in. Sun Late Apr., May Good rock-garden plant. Prop, by seed or cuttings. Sandy soil. Eastern U. S. A. "Pale TINY Trfllium Flowers small, about an inch long, i ft. Late flesh- color" TRILLIUM pusilluni on erect stems. Leaves lance-shaped or oblong. Pretty in moist borders Half shade Apr. to late white among ferns and naturalized under May turns 36 trees. Prop, by seed and division. Rich moist soil. N. Amer. "Pink" TULIP **Tiilipa vars. Single Early Bedding Tulips. See color "various," page 64. « 40 or ~ ALPINE THRIFT. Armeria alpina. PINK, PURPLE TO LILAC APRIL Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Pink" TULIP **Tulipa Double Early Bedding Tulips. See Late vars. color "various," page 64. Apr. to late May "Rosy" DOUBLE Vinca A rare form with double flowers of 2-6 in. Late bet. PINK PERI- minor var. unusual and conspicuous color. Its Sun Apr. 36&37 WINKLE rosea plena habit of growth is the same as that of to OR MYRTLE the Common Myrtle. Prop, by divi- June sion or cuttings. Any ordinary garden soil. Hort. "Pale CAROLINA Anem6ne Single flowers i-i£ in. across on 6-12 in. Apr., purple" WIND- Caroliniana slender stems. Color varies to white. Sun May white to FLOWER A. decapetala Foliage much divided. Wild garden. 44 bluer Tuberous. Prop, by seed and divi- sion. Rather rich light sandy loam. U. S. A. "Lilac" AMERICAN *Anem6ne Star-shaped flowers on erect stems. 4-9 in. i< 50 PASQUE patens var. Fine foliage. Good for the wild gar- Shade FLOWER, Nuttalliana den. Prop, by seed or division. U. WILD Pulsatilla S. A.; Siberia. PATENS hirsutissima (Brit.) "Purple" PASQUE *Anem6ne Flowers varying to lilac, i£-2$ in. 9-12 in. Early 44 or 37 FLOWER Pulsatflla across, erect on hairy stems. Leaves Sun or Apr. Pulsatilla much divided. Adapted for rockwork shade to late vulgaris or border. Prop, by seed or division. May A. acutipetala Well-drained or rocky soil. Europe; Siberia. "Pinkish ALPINE *Armeria Flowers in compact heads spring 6-9 in. Late laven- THRIFT alpina from cushions of needle-like ever- Sun Apr. der" 37 green foliage. Blooms freely and is of to easiest culture'. Excellent for rock- mid. garden and for edging. Prop, by seed June and division. Any garden soil. Eu- rope. See Plate, page 42. "Dark violet" PURPLE ROCK **Aubrietia deltoidea Creeping Alpine plant usually ever- green and covered in blooming season 2-ioin. Sun or Early Apr. 48 or 47 CRESS with a profusion of small flowers. half to late Leaves grayish. Pretty for rock-gar- shade May den, border and edging. Prop, by seed, layers and cuttings. Any garden soil. S. Europe. "Dark EYRE'S Aubrietia Large flowered and branching var. 2-ioin. Late violet" PURPLE deltoidea Rock plant of trailing habit thickly Sun Apr., 48 lighter ROCK var. Eyrei covered with flowers when in bloom. May CRESS Good for edging and rock-garden. Prop, by layers and cuttings. Thrives in stony places or any garden soil. S. Europe. "Dark GRECIAN *Aubrietia A compact large-flowered var. 2-ioin. Mid. violet" PURPLE deltoidea Hort. Sun Apr. 46 & ROCK var. to late white CRESS Graeca May 43 PURPLE TO LILAC APRIL Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Dark OLYMPIAN *Aubrietia Large flowers. Similar to var. 2- 10 in. Late violet" PURPLE deltoidea Eyrei. Hort. Sun Apr., 56 ROCK var. May CRESS Ol^mpica "Purple" 47 light DEEP PURPLE *Aubrietia deltoidea More erect than the type, with larger flowers borne on leafy stalks, 2-ioin. Sun or Mid. Apr. ROCK var. covering the plant with bloom. half to late CRESS purpurea Pretty for edging or for carpeting. shade May Prop, by seed, cuttings or layers. Rich deep loam is best. Europe. "Rosy SPRING **Bulboc6- One to three flowers resembling 4-6 in. Apr. purple" MEADOW- SAFFRON lium ve*rnum Crocuses spring from each bulb. Large broad leaves appear after the Sun flowers. Rock - garden or border. Bulbs should be divided every 3 years. Prop, by offsets. Plant in light sandy soil. Alps of Europe. "Rosy BEAR'S Cortusa Choice but delicate downy Alpine 6 in. Apr., purple" EAR Matthioli plant resembling Primula cortusoides. Half May 39 SANICLE Drooping flowers in clusters. Winter shade or protection necessary. Rock-garden shade plant. Prop, by seed sown when gath- ered. Moist loam, sand and peat. Swiss Alps. "Purple" CROCUS **Cr6cus See page 8. Mid. vars. Mar. to late Apr. "Lilac" often bet. COMMON DOGTOOTH **Erythr6- nium Pretty solitary drooping flowers; color varies from rosy purple to white. 4-6 in. Half Late Apr., 43&4S VIOLET Dens-Canis Leaves mottled with reddish brown. shade May of Europe Perfectly hardy. Excellent in rock- crannies or for naturalization. Bul- bous. Prop, by offsets. Light fibrous soil. Central Europe. See Plate, page 45. "Deep purple" PURPLE FRITILLARY *Fritillaria atropurpurea One to six bell-shaped flowers faint- ly checkered with green droop from 12-15 in. Shade Mid. Apr. 42 lighter leafy stems. Division every 3 or 4 to years necessary. Bulbous. Prop, by June offsets. Sandy and open loam mixed with leaf-mold. "Purple TWO- *Fritillaria Two to ten open bell-shaped flowers 1-2 ft. « black" FLOWERED bifldra with green tints, droop from leafy Half 56 FRITILLARY stems. Leaves in whorls. Replanting shade every 3 or 4 years necessary. Bulbous. Prop, by offsets. Rich sandy loam. "Deep BLACK *Fritfflaria One to three drooping bell-shaped 6- 1 8 in. « purple" LILY Camtschat- flowers on a stem. Deep purple lance- Shade 21 c6nsis shaped leaves. Plant in the border. Di- purpler Lilium Camt- vision every 3 or 4 years necessary. scbatctnse Bulbous. Prop, by offsets. Rich deep and sandy soil. Siberia; West- ern N. Amer. 44 45 46 PURPLE TO LILAC APRIL Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Livid RUSSIAN *Fritillaria Drooping bell-shaped flowers, 1-3 I -2 ft. Mid. purple" FRITILLARY Ruthe"nica on a stem. Lance-shaped leaves. For location and cultivation see F. Camt- Shade Apr. to schatcensis. Caucasus Regions. mid. May "Reddish DARK-RED *HelleT>orus See page 4. Mar., purple" EASTERN orientalis early 42 HELLEBORE var. Apr. atr6rubens H. o. var. Cdlchicus "Pur- SWAMP Helbnias Very showy. Twenty to thirty I -2 ft. Apr., plish" OR bullata flowers crowded in terminal racemes. Sun or May 44 deeper STUD PINK Long dark green leaves. Excellent shade bog plant; also good for edge of stream or moist sandy border. Bulbous. Prop, by division or offsets. Multi- plies rapidly. Any soil, preferably moist. Eastern U. 5. A. "Purple DUTCH **Hyacfnthus See color "various," page 59. Late & lilac" HYACINTH orientalis Apr., vars. May "Blue SLENDER *Iris ve"rna Sweet-scented species. Stems very 6 in. u violet" DWARF short, giving a dwarfed effect; free Half 55 IRIS blooming. Grassy leaves. Spreads shade rapidly. Plant in masses in sheltered spots. Ohio and southward. "Bluish SPRING **L£thyrus Tufted plant with small pea-like 12-15 in. Mid. violet" 39 BITTER VETCH v6rnus Orobus vernus flowers; good for cutting. Pale green foliage. Grows well in almost any sit- Sun Apr. to late uation. Excellent for rock-garden and May border. Prop, by seed and division. Any good garden soil. S. and Central Europe. "Pinkish TRAILING *Phl6x A choice dwarf plant closely re- 3-5 in. Late purple" 27 lighter PHLOX proctimbens lated to P. amoena but lower growing. Stems prostrate and terminated with Sun Apr. to late & more panicles of flowers. Excellent for May purple front row of border or rock-garden. Dr. Asa Gray regarded this plant as a hybrid between P. amoena and P. subulata. Prop, by division. See Plate, page 46. "Pale LILAC *Phl6x Masses of small flowers cover the 4-6 in. Late lilac" MOSS PINK subulata mossy bed of foliage. Good for car- Sun Apr.. 50 var. lilacina peting rock-garden or border. Prop. May by seed, division or cuttings. Soil light and dry. Hort. "Lilac" HEART- *Saxifraga Flowers in thick panicles half hid- 12-15 in- Late 39 LEAVED SAXIFRAGE cordifdlia den by the large dark and heart-shaped foliage. Protect in winter. Beautiful Half shade Apr. to late foliage plants for rocky places. Prop, by division or offshoots. Any ordi- May nary garden soil. Siberia. See Plate, page 49. 47 PURPLE TO LILAC APRIL Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Purple' PURPLE OR Saxifraga Flowers solitary on leafy stalks, so 2-6 in. Late 53 MOUNTAIN oppositifolia numerous as almost to cover the pur- Sun or Apr., brighter SAXIFRAGE plish mossy evergreen foliage. For shade May carpeting rock-gardens or for edging. Prop, by division. Sandy moist soil. Europe; N. Amer. There are several vars. "Violet" TULIP **Tulipa vars Single Early Bedding Tulips. See Late color "various," page 04. Apr. to late May "Violet" COMMON *Vinca Evergreen trailer. Large solitary 8-10 in. Late 49 PERIWIN- KLE, BLUE, minor flowers. Dark glossy foliage. Spreads rapidly forming a thick carpet for bare Sun or shade Apr. to RUNNING places, under trees and for rock-gar- June OR TRAIL- dens. Prop, by division or cuttings. ING MYRTLE Easily cultivated in any ordinary soil. Europe. Var. ccerulea (V . ccerulea\ has bluer flowers than the type. Hort. Var. plena, has double flowers. Var. aurea variegata, foliage variegated with yel- low. "Violet" HORNED **VIola Charming tufted plant of strong 5-8 in. Late 47 or 49 VIOLET, cornuta growth; bears a profusion of faintly Sun or Apr. BEDDING scented flowers the size of a small half until PANSY Pansy. Good for cutting. Pretty shade frost bright foliage. Excellent for border or rock-garden or for spring bedding. Prop, by seed, division or cuttings. Any good soil. Pyrenees. "Violet" SWEET Viola odorata Parent of the cultivated Violet; 6 in. Late 48 or 47 VIOLET tufted, with creeping runners. Flow- Half Apr. ers very fragrant, varying to reddish shade to late purple. Heart-shaped leaves. Should May be naturalized in large quantities. Prop, by seed or division. Loose rich sandy soil preferable. Europe; Africa; N. Asia. "Violet" EARLY Viola Flowers sometimes striped with 2-6 in. Late 53 BLUE palmata white, growing in very dense clumps Half Apr., VIOLET '/. cucullata intermingled with foliage. Leaves bade Way var. palmata heart-shaped. Good to naturalize in shady spots. Prop, by division. A rather heavy sandy loam is best. Eastern U. S. A. "Violet" COMMON Viola palmata Commonest species in the east. 2-6 in. Late 46 BLUE OR var. cucullata Thick clumps of leaves and flowers. Half Apr. LARGE Good for naturalizing. For cultiva- bade olate AMERICAN tion see V. palmata. Atlantic States. May VIOLET "Sky- APENNINE *Anem6ne Flowers i£ in. across. This and 4-9 in. Apr., blue" WIND- Apennina white var. well suited for the wild Shade VI ay 52 FLOWER garden. Prop, by division. Any good garden soil, though a well-drained rich sandy loam is best. Somewhat tender. Italy. 48 49 VIRGINIAN COWSLIP. Mertensia pulmonarioides. BLUE APRIL Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Sky- BLUE *Anemdne Flowers star-like. Foliage divided 4-6 in. Apr., blue" WINTER blanda and toothed. Excellent for rock-gar- Sun May 52 WIND- den and to naturalize. Prop, by seed intense FLOWER and division. Rich sandy and well- OR drained loam. Asia Minor; Greece. ANEMONE "Blue" ROBINSON'S *Anem6ne Superior to A. nemorosa. Solitary 6- 1 2 in. Mid. 44 tinged WOOD nemorbsa flowers i in. or more across. Attrac- Half Apr. blue ANEMONE var. Robin- tive foliage. Good for rockwork, for shade to soniana A. n. var. naturalizing and for border. Prop, by seed and division. Rich well-drained June ccerulea loam. Hort. "Blue" ALLEN'S *Chionod6xa See page 4. Mid. 52 GLORY OF Alleni Mar. THE SNOW Chionoscilla to Alleni early May "Blue" GLORY OF **Chionod6xa See page 7. H 52 & THE SNOW Luciliae white "Blue" GIANT **Chionoddxa See page 7. li 52 or 63 GLORY OF Lucfliae THE SNOW var. gigantea "Blue" TMOLUS' *Chionod6xa See page 7. M 52 GLORY OF Lucfliae THE SNOW var. Tmolusi C. Tmolusi "Gentian SARDIAN *Chionod6xa See page 7. «< blue" GLORY OF Sarde*nsis 52 deeper THE SNOW "Light VERNAL *Gentiana Beautiful Alpine plant of tufted 3 in. Apr. blue" 60 GENTIAN ve"rna habit. Solitary salver-form flowers. Sun to deeper & brilliant Rock-garden. Prop, by seed when just ripe. Deep sandy loam, moist but well- early June drained. Alps; Caucasus; GreatBritain. "Bluish" SHARP- *Hepdtica Resembles H. triloba, but the lobes 4-6 in. Apr., near 44 LOBED OR acutfloba of the leaves are more pointed. East- Half early HEART H. triloba var. ern U. S. A. shade May LIVER LEAF acuta, Anem- or shade dne acutiloba "Bluish" FIVE- *Hepa"tica Flowers over 2 in. across, sometimes 4-6 in. Late 53 lighter LOBED HEPATICA anguldsa Anemdne varying to reddish or white. For cul- tivation see H. triloba. Hungary. Half shade Apr., early anguldsa or shade Way "Bluish" near 44 ROUND- LOBED OR *Hepdtica riloba Our common Hepatica. Solitary flowers about half an in. across, vary- 4-6 in. Half « or 46 KIDNEY H. Hepdtica, ing to pinkish and white. Leaves three shade LIVER LEAF Anemone lobed. Good for eastern and northern or shade -lepdtica, exposures in the rock-garden or for A. triloba naturalizing under trees. Do not dis- turb. Prop, by seed and division. Well- drained soil and enriched with leaf- mold. Eastern U. S. A.; Asia; Europe. BLUE APRIL Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Blue" DUTCH **Hyacinthus See color "various," page 59. Late HYACINTH orientalis Apr., vars. May "Blue" VIRGINIAN *Merte"nsia The handsomest species of Merten- I -2 ft. Late 57 deeper turns to COWSLIP, BLUE BELLS pulmona- rioides sia. Pretty tubular flowers, which turn pink, in pendent clusters, the ef- Sun or half Apr. to late 29 M. Virglnica fect being a mixture of pink and blue. shade May Large bluish-gray leaves. Charming for the border and for rocky places. Prop, by seed when just gathered, and by division. Rich loose soil. Eastern U. S. A. See Plate, page 50. "Blue" COMMON **Muscari Pretty bulb. Small globular scent- 6-9 in. Apr., 63 or GRAPE botryoides less flowers in dense clusters. Rather Sun or May paler HYACINTH Hyacinthus narrow leaves spring from the root. half botryoides Plant in masses in the border or rock- shade garden with Narcissi, etc. It makes a pretty edging to beds of bulbs. Prop. by offsets. Ordinary garden soil. Europe; Orient. See Plate, page 53. "Dark DARK *Muscari Flowers small and scentless, in short 6- 10 in. ti blue" PURPLE commuta- racemes. Narrow leaves. Plant in Sun or 49 redder GRAPE tum masses in rock-garden or margin of half HYACINTH border. Bulbous. Prop, by seed and shade offsets. Any ordinary soil. Sicily. "Blue" TUFTED *Muscari Flowers 40-100 on a long stalk; the I ft. H 63 duller GRAPE comdsum lower ones brownish green, projecting Sun or HYACINTH, Hyacintbus outwards, the upper ones blue or vio- half PURSE comdsus let, on upcurved stems. Very long and shade TASSELS, narrow leaves. Bulbous. Prop, by TUZZY- seed or offsets. Ordinary soil. Orient; MUZZY Mediterranean Region. "Blue" FEATH- **Muscari A distinct form with round fluffy i ft. « 63 duller ERED, comdsum flowers which have a feathery effect. Sun or FAIR- van Much preferred to the type. Plant in half HAIRED OR monstr&sum masses. Bulbous. Prop, by seed and shade TASSELED M . plumdsum offsets. Ordinary soil. Hort. HYACINTH M. p. var. monstrbsum "Dark STARCH *Muscari Clusters of flowers with plum-like 4-8 in. M blue" GRAPE racemosum fragrance rise above long and almost Sun or 61 HYACINTH Hyacintbus prostrate leaves. Good for border. half racemdsus Bulbous. Prop, by seed and offsets. shade Any ordinary soil. Mediterranean Region; Caucasus. "Deep EARLY *Myos6tis Of tufted habit. Flowers in small 6-12 in. Late sky- FORGET- dissitiflora clusters. Foliage large, bright green. Sun or Apr. blue" 58 ME-NOT Biennial, but self perpetuating. Good half to brighter for open places in the rock-garden or shade July for naturalizing on grassy banks. Prop, by division and cuttings. Pre- fers moist soil but will grow almost anywhere. Switzerland. 53 OF -HE UNIVERSITY CHICKWEED PHLOX. Phlox stcllaria. 54 BETHLEHEM SAGE. Pulmonaria saccharata. BLUE, PARTI-COLORED APRIL Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and. Situation Time of Bloom "Blue" 58 deeper CREEPING FORGET- *0mphal6des ve*rna Trailing plant. Pretty flowers like Forget-me-nots borne in clusters on an 6 in. Sun or Apr.. May ME-NOT erect stem. Excellent for rock-garden half or for fringing walks. Pro_P- by divi- shade sion. Cool moist loam. Europe. "Pale CHICK- *Phl6x A tufted or creeping Phlox. Flow- 5-6 in. Late blue" WEED Stellaria ers varying to bluish white somewhat Sun Apr., 50 PHLOX scattered. Rock-garden. Prop, by May seed, division and cuttings. Light well-drained soil. U. S. A. See Plate, page 54. "Light GREEK *Polem6nium Dwarf bushy plant. Flowers in 6-8 in. Late blue" bet. VALERIAN re*ptans drooping lax panicles. For rock-gar- den or border. Prop, by fall-sown Half shade Apr. to 46& 52 seed or division. Deep rich loamy early soil. Eastern U. S. A. June "Blue" BETHLE- Pulmonaria Tufted plant. Tubular flowers in 6- 1 8 in. Late 51 HEM SAGE saccharata clusters, turn to pink. Smooth leaves. Half Apr. Good in semi-wild spot or in the bor- shade to late der. Prop, by division. Light soil or shade May not too dry is advisable. Europe. See Plate, page 54. "Blue" STAR *Scffla See page 7. Mid. 61 HYACINTH amdsna Mar. to early May "Dark EARLY *Scflla See page 7. M blue" SQUILL bifdlia 62 "China- SIBERIAN **Scffla See page 7. f( blue" SQUILL Sibirica 61 deeper S. amcena var. PTCBCOX "Blue" GENTIAN- **Ver6nica Charming tufted species. Light *-2ft. Late 46 or 53 LEAVED gentian- blue flowers with dark streaks borne Sun or Apr. SPEED- oides in erect spikes on leafy stems above half to late WELL the glossy foliage. Good to cover bare shade May places in shade or for border and rock- garden. Prop, by division. Any soil. S. Eastern Europe. Parti- CROCUS **Cr6cus See page 8. Mid. colored vars. Mar. to late Apr. Cream & SCOTCH OR *Cr6cus See page 8. u 42 out- CLOTH OF bifl&rus side, 44 SILVER inside CROCUS Effect 60 TROLLIUS- *Delphfnium Long lax racemes of blue and white 2-5 ft. Apr. lighter LEAVED trollifblium flowers surmount leafy stalks. Use- Sun LARKSPUR ful for cutting. Second bloom possi- ble if flowers are cut when faded. Border plant. Prop, in spring or autumn by seed division or cuttings; transplant every 3 or 4 years. Deep 55 PARTI-COLORED, VARIOUS APRIL Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom rich soil, sandy and loamy. Western U. S. A. 26,43 & white LARGE- FLOWERED *Epimedium macranthum Dainty plant as interesting as many Orchids. "Outer sepals bright red; 10-1 5 in. Half Late Apr. BARREN- inner sepals violet; spurs white." shade to late WORT New leaves reddish. Suitable for the May rock-garden or border. Prop, by divi- sion. Any garden soil. Japan. 1, mark- TWISTED- *Fritillaria Bell-shaped flowers checkered with i ft. Mid. ings 17 LEAVED FRITIL- obliqua brown and purple. Leaves grayish, oblique, numerous. Suitable for Sun Apr. to LARY mixed border or rock-garden. Bul- mid. bous. Prop, by offsets. Rich soil, well-drained. Greece. May Parti- EASTERN *HelleT)orus See page 8. Mid. colored HELLEBORE orientalis Mar. FRAU var. "Frau to IRENE Irene Heine- mid. HEINEMANN mann" Apr. Green & PURPLISH *HelleT>orus See page 8. ii 35 GREEN viridis var. HELLEBORE purpu- rascens Parti- TULIP **Tiilipa Single Early Bedding Tulips. See Late colored vars. color "various," page 64. Apr. to late May Various CROCUS **Cr6cus vars. See page 8. Mid. Mar. to late Apr. Various SPRING *Cr6cus See page 8. M CROCUS ve*rnus Often FLESH- Erica carnea Branching shrub. Numerous small 6-9 in. Apr., near COLORED bell-shaped flowers, rose, pale red or Sun May 22 HEATH white. Needle-like foliage. Protect in winter. Plant in rock or wild gar- den. Prop, by division and cuttings. Soil of peat and sand is best. Europe. 4, 13, or 19 more CROWN IMPERIAL **Fritfflaria Imperialis Showy plant. Bell-shaped flowers, red, yellow or orange, droop under an 2-3 ft. OWW, Mid. Apr. orange upright crown of leaves. Can be cut half to down when foliage turns brown. Dis- shade mid. agreeable odor. Divide every 2 or 3 best May years. Handsome in groups among shrubs or in border. Bulbous. Prop. by offsets. Deep rich well-drained soil. See Plate, page 57. Var. *aurea marginata ( F. I. coro- nata var. aurea ntarginata); foliage striped with gold. Var. variegata, foli- age marked with white and gold. \ CROWN IMPERIAL. Fritillaria imperialis 57 POLYANTHUS. Primula Polyantha. GUINEA-HEN FLOWER. Fritiliaria Mcleagris. VARIOUS APRIL Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom Various GUINEA- **Fritillaria Large attractive, bell-shaped flow- 10-12 in. Late HEN FLOWER, Meleagris ers in light colors checkered with green and purple, also white and purple. Sun or shade Apr. to late SNAKE'S Good for cutting. Foliage inconspicu- May HEAD ous. Plant in border and rock-garden. CHECK- It is well to have them spring through ERED LILY the green of some low carpeting plant like Creeping Phlox. Divide every 2 or 3 years. Bulbous. Deep sandy loam. Europe; Caucasus. See Plate, page 58. Various DUTCH **Hyacinthus Fragrant flowers in large dense 8-i8in. Late HYACINTH orientalis spikes surrounded by narrow stiff Sun Apr., vars. leaves. Protect with stable manure or May dry litter. Most effective when planted in rows. Plant bulbs 6 in. deep, 5 in. apart in Sept. or early Oct. Bulbous. Prop, by offsets. Light rich well- drained soil. Give an occasional top- dressing. S. Eastern Europe; Levant. The following are some of the best horticultural vars.: — Single white vars.— * Mont Blanc; snow white with large bells. *Queen of the Netherlands; pure white, of great substance. *Snowball; pure white with large bells. Grand Vain- queur; pure white. **La Grandesse; the finest pure white. *Lady Plim- soll; white, large truss, very fine. L'Innocence; pure white extra large bells. Madame van der Hoop; pure white, very large bells. *Alba Max- ima; pure white, large bells and spike. *Alba superbissima; snow white. * Baroness van Thuyll; white with primrose eye. *Paix de I' Europe, large bells, long truss. Double white vars. — Bouquet Royal; white, very double. Grootvorstin; pure white. Jenny Lind; white with purple eye. *Miss Nightingale; pure white. * Prince of Waterloo; pure white, large double bells. Sir Bul- wer-Lytton; white, large bells. Single yellow vars. — *Bird of Para- dise; (color no. 2), beautiful clear yel- low, magnificent spike; one of the best. *Ida; (color no. i), clear prim- rose yellow, large and superb spike. * King of the Yellows; (color no. 3), pure yellow, large bells in long sym- metrical spike. L' 'Or d'Australie; (color no. 2), pure deep yellow, long and very handsome truss. *0be- lesque; (color no. 2 deeper), pure yel- low, large truss. Yellow Hammer; (color no. 2 warmer), golden yellow. 59 VARIOUS APRIL Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom Double yellow vars. — Goetbe; (color no. 3 light), light yellow almost white, large spike. Minerva,- orange yellow, extra large and fine flower. Opbir d'Or; (color no. i), citron yellow with purple centre. Sunflower; (color no. 3), buff yellow. Double orange vars. — Bouquet d' Or- ange; (color no. 15 light), reddish orange. Single red vars. — Mr. Stanley; (color no. 27 light and brilliant), "dark red." Robert Steiger; (color no. bet. 26 deep & 33), deep crimson, compact strikes. Roi des Beiges; (color no. bet. 26 deep & 33), dark red. Double red vars. — * Princess Louise; (color no. 26 darker), "dark red." Single pink vars. — Baron van Tbuyll; (color no. 36), beautiful delicate rose in large spikes; early. Charles Dick- ens; (color no. 29 warmer), salmon- rose striped carmine; early. Cosmos; (color no. 29), deep rose with light eye, large bells. Fabrola; (color no. 22), pink striped with bright rose. ^Ger- trude; (color no. 2^), bright pink, in large spikes. *Gigantea; (color no. 36 deep), bright rose, very large spikes. *Lord Macaulay; (color no. 26), deep carmine pink, striped darker, very attractive. Norma; (color no. 22), coral pink, large waxy flowers. Von Schiller; deep salmon pink, striped with crimson. See Plate, page 61. . Double pink vars. — C^ar Nicholas; (color no. 36 warm), delicate rose. Kobinoor; (color no. 30), bright rose, large spikes. *Lord Wellington; (color no. 36), the finest double pink, large bells and massive spike. • Single purple and lilac vars. — Grand Lilas; (color no. ^7), "porcelain lilac," large bells and fine spike. King of tbe Blacks; (color no. 56), "black purple." Single blue vars. — Argus; (color no. » 49 & white), "dark blue, white eye." *Charles Dickens; (color no. 46 deeper), dark porcelain blue, large bells and spike. *C%ar Peter; (color no. bet. so . & 57), light porcelain blue, large bells, magnificent spike. * General Have- lock; (color no. 63 darker), "deep pur- ple shaded with black," large bells and truss. *Queen of tbe Blues; (color no. 46), sky-blue, fine bells, stately spike. *Sir J. Lawrence; dark blue, white eye. * King of tbe Blues; (color no. 60 6l 62 VARIOUS APRIL Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom 54 darker), clear dark blue, large bells and fine spike. *Lord Derby; (color no. 44), light porcelain blue, large. See Plate, page 61. Double blue vars. — *Bloksberg; (col- or no. 46 lighter), porcelain blue, striped. *Garrick; (color no. 55), "deep lilac blue," very large spike. Lord Raglan; (color no. 46), "dark blue." Lord Wellington; (color no. 42), dark stripes. *Vdn Speyk; pale blue, large bells, compact truss. Often 31 HAIRY **Phl6x Profusion of flowers varying from 4-6 in. Late duller PHLOX amcfena purple through pink to white in flat- Sun Apr., P. procum- topped clusters. Leaves in tufts at May bens, (Gray) the base of flower-stalks. Good for carpeting border or rock-garden. Prop, by division and cuttings. Light dry soil. S. Eastern U. S. A. 40, 36, 43, white MOSS OR GROUND **Phl6x subulata Creeping evergreen plant thickly covered by pink, blue, or white flow- 4-6 in. Sun U & others PINK P. nivalis ers which" rise from a mossy bed of foliage, no. 40 being the most common color. Favorite rock-plant, good for carpeting in border or rock-garden. Prop, by seed, division or cuttings. Any light soil. N. Y., West and South. 34 & AURICULA *Primula Not very hardy. Round bright 6-9 in. « others Auricula flowers in clusters terminating a leaf- Sun or Auricula less stem. Usually yellow-flowered half in the wild state; ranging from white shade to purple in garden vars. Broad thick foliage in a rosette at the base of the plant. Protect in winter. Charming in a sheltered position in the rock- garden or border. Prop, best by off- sets or division; also by seed. Rich light soil not dry. Europe. Various POLYAN- *Primula Mixed yellow and red or yellow 6-10 in. « THUS Polyantha flowers in umbels rise above the long Half leaves which spring from the root. Be- shade cause of its richness in coloring it is best good for beds or borders. Prop, by seed, generally by division. Rich moist soil. Hort. See Plate, page 62. Mixed VON **Primula Among the largest and most showy 6-12 in. tc white SIEBOLD'S Sieboldi of Primroses. Flowers 1-2 in. across Sun or & 48 PRIMROSE P. cortusotdes ranging from white to dark purple- half & others var. am&na, rose, in clusters. Leaves in a rosette shade var. grandi- at the base of the flower-stem. Rock- ftora 6* var. garden or border, in sheltered position. Sieboldi Winter protection of leaves. Prop, by seed or root division. Light rather rich soil with leaf-mold. Has many pretty vars. Japan. VARIOUS APRIL Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom Various TONGUE- *Saxifraga Vigorous showy plant. Flowers I ft. Late LEAVED SAXIFRAGE ligulata S. Scbmidtii white to light purple, globe-shaped, in spreading panicles. Foliage broad, Half shade Apr., May springing from the root. Winter pro- tection of leaves is necessary. Plant in the rock-garden. Prop, by divi- sion and offshoots. Any soil. Var. *ciliata has roundish hairy leaves. Himalayan Region. 34 or green SESSILE- FLOWERED WAKE- Trillium sessile Showy plant with small purple or green flowers surrounded by whorls of broad spotted leaves. Effective in 8-12 in. Half shade it ROBIN moist borders among ferns and in masses under trees. Prop, by seed or division. Moist rich soil is best. Eastern U. S. A. Various LARGE Trillium Larger than the type. Petals 4 in. 8-12 in. M CALIFOR- se*ssile var. long and leaves often 6 in. Flowers Half NIAN giganteum purple pink, or white. For use and shade WAKE- T. s. var. cultivation see T. sessile. Pacific ROBIN Californicum States. Various TULIP **TMipa Early Bedding Tulips. The follow- 10-14 in Late vars. ing is a carefully selected list of some Sun Apr. of the best single and double early to late Tulips of garden origin. There are May many others in the trade also desira- ble. Plant in late Sept. or Oct. at a depth of 4 in. to the bottom of the bulb, allowing 4 in. between each. It is best to protect in winter and to give an occasional top-dressing. Prop, by offsets. Light soil. If drainage is not good put sand around the bulb. See Plate, page 65. Single white vars. — *Joost Van Von- del, White; very large pure white flow- ers, height 10 in. Le Matelas; (white & color no. 30), white, shaded with bright rose, large blossoms, height 12 in. * Pottebakker, White; large showy pure white blossoms, height 14 in. White Swan; pure white large egg- shaped flowers, height 14 in. Double white vars. — Alba Maxima; very large white blossoms, height 12 in. Le Blason; white shaded with rose, height 1 1 in. Single yellow vars. — Canary Bird; (color no. 4), clear rich yellow, height 1 1 in. *Cbrysolora; (color no. 4), large pure yellow flowers, height 1 1 in. *Mon iresor; (color no. 4), rich golden yellow, extra large, height 1 1 in. Ophir d'Or; (color no. 0, very arge pure golden yellow, height 1 1 in. * Pottebakker, Yellow; (color no. 5), jure yellow, height 14 in. * Yellow 64 66 VARIOUS APRIL Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom Prince; (color no. 4), fragrant bright yellow flowers, height 10 in. See Plate, page 66. Double yellow vars. — Crown of Gold; (color no. 7), rich golden yellow, very large and very double, height n in. Tournesol Yellow; (fire. color mixed 20 lighter & 3), golden yellow, shaded with orange, height 1 1 in., especially fine. Single red vars. — Artus; (color no. 1 8), bright scarlet, height 10 in. Belle Alliance; (color no 20), rich crimson, height 10 in. Bi^ard Verdict; bril- liant carmine, gold striped. *Couleur Cardinal; (color no. 20 brilliant), rich crimson, height 1 1 in. Duchess of Parma; (color no. 19 deeper & bright- er), orange-red, yellow margined, height 12 in. * Kei^er Kroon; (color no. 1 8 bordered with 5), "crimson- scarlet, bordered with yellow," extra large, height 14 in. Pottebakker Scar- let; (color no. 20), large bright scarlet, height 14 in. * Prince of Austria; (color no. 17), "rich orange-red," fra- grant flowers, height 12 in. Stanley; (color no. 30 deep & brilliant), large ''dark rich crimson," height 10 in. Vermilion Brilliant; (color no. 18 red- der & more brilliant), "vermilion," height 12 in. Double red vars. — Gloria Solis; (color no. 19 bordered with 5), "deep crimson, with yellow border," height 12 in. Imperator Rubrorum; (color no. 1 8), bright scarlet, much doubled and large, height 12 in Le Matador; (color no. 14), brownish red, height 12 in. Rex Rubrorum; (color no. 20 more brilliant), brilliant scarlet. Tournesol Scarlet; (effect color no. 17), bright scarlet, edged with yellow, height 1 1 in. Single pink vars. — Cottage Maid; (color no 29 & white), "rose shaded with white," height 9 in. Proserpine; (color no. 27), very large "rich deep rose flowers," height 14 in.; it turns bluish. Queen of the Netherlands; (color no. 36), beautiful satiny pink, very large blossoms, height "13 in. Rachel Ruisch; (color no. 23), "rose," height 10 in. Double pink vars. — Crown of Roses; (color no. 30), "delicate rose," very double flowers, height 1 1 in. Murillo; (color no. 36 deeper), blush white, shaded with rose, height 10 in. 67 VARIOUS APRIL Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom Single violet vars. — Van der Neer; (color no. 33 lighter), large purplish violet flowers. Single parti-colored vars. — Gran d Duke of Russia; white striped deep violet Joost van Rondel, Striped; (color no. 33 & white), cherry and white, height io-in. Rose Grisdelin; (color no. 23 & white), rose and white, height 10 in. IVapen Van Leiden; (white striped with color no. 26), "white striped with rose," height 13 in. See Plate, page 69. Various DUG VAN THOL TULIP **Tulipa "Due van Thol» The earliest blooming of all Tulips. Dwarf habit. Large fragrant flowers from white to vermilion. Plant in 6 in. Sun or half Late Apr., early masses in late Sept. or Oct. at a depth shade May of 4 in. to the bottom of the bulb, al- lowing 4 in between each. It is best to protect in winter and to give an oc- casional top-dressing. Prop, by off- sets. Light soil. If drainage is not good put sand around the bulb. Hort. Among the most desirable are: — Maximus; (color no. 20 brighter edged with 5), red with yellow edge, fine form. Rose; (white tinged with color nos. 36 & 29), milky white shading to rose. Scarlet; (color no. 18), "red- dish scarlet." Crimson; (color no. 20 lighter), bright crimson. Orange; (effect color no. 17), very fine. *Ver- milion; (color no. 18), bright ver- milion. 46, etc. DOG VIOLET Viola canina Flowers blue, lilac, grayish or white, on leafy stems, petals pinkish outside. Plant in shady part of rock or wild 3-5 in- Half shade Late Apr. to late garden. Prop, by division. Europe. May Various PANSY, HEARTS- **Viola tricolor Our hybrid pansies come under this head as well as the little Heartsease 6-8 in. Sun or Mid. Apr. EASE which is often parti-colored, upper half to - petals color no. 42, lower and centre shade mid. no. 5. This plant has a wonderful Sept. length of blooming season and flowers with great richness of coloring, being purple, yellow, whitish, or parti- colored. Best to treat as an annual. Plant in border or rock-garden. Prop. by seed or division. Any garden soil. Europe. 68 A MAY BORDER MAY WHITE TO GREENISH Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Cream WHITE Actsea alba See page n. Early white" BANE- A. rubra Apr. to BERRY July "White" COHOSH, Actsea Vigorous plant of somewhat coarse I -2 ft. May, HERB spicata habit. Large racemes of small flow- Sbade June CHRISTO- ers tinged with blue which pass quick- PHER ly. Foliage good. Showy purple ber- ries in autumn. Suitable for the wild garden. Prop, by seed and division in spring. Japan; Europe. Var. rubra (A. rubra); flower clus- ters larger; showy red berries. North- ern U. S. A. "White" WHITE BUGLE *Ajuga re*ptans Dense creeping plant. Spreads rap- idly. Numerous spikes of flowers. 3-4 in. Sun or May to mid. var. alba Shiny leaves. Good for carpeting a shade June shady spot. Not so often cultivated as the blue var. Prop, by seed and division. Europe. "Green- MOUNTAIN Alchemflla See page n. Late ish" LADY'S alpina Apr., MANTLE May "White" WILD *Allium See page n. Apr., turns to ONION mutabile May 29 pale "White" ALPINE ANEMONE *Anem6ne alpina Beautiful alpine plant. Large flow- ers solitary or few on the stem, vary- 9-24 in. Half May A. acutipeiala ing to purple and cream outside, rise sbade above the large handsome finely cut foliage. Good for cutting and pretty for naturalization and for the border. Prop, by seed and division. Rich deep soil. Europe. "White" NARCISSUS- Anemdne Flowers J in. across, with yellow 6- 1 8 in. May to 39 under FLOWERED narcissifldra centres, in umbels. Foliage deeply di- Half Aug. petals ANEMONE A. umbellata vided. Pretty for the rock-garden or sbade border. Prop, by seed and division. Rich soil. Northern Hemisphere. "White" WOOD Anemdne See page 1 1 and Plate, page 73. Late often 36 ANEMONE nemordsa Apr. to early June "White" CANADA *Anem6ne Erect plant. Cup-shaped flowers 1-2 1-2 ft. Mid. ANEMONE Pennsyl- in. across on strong stems. Leaves Sun or May vfinica much divided. Prop, by seed and di- sbade to A Canadtn- vision. Any good soil; a well-drained early sis, good loam is best. N. Amer. See July A. dicbdtoma Plate, page 73. WHITE TO GREENISH MAY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Cream SNOWDROP **Anem6ne See page 1 1. Late white" WIND- sylve*stris Apr. tinged FLOWER to mid. with 39 • July "Cream DOUBLE *Anem6ne See page i r. Apr., white" SNOWDROP sylve"stris May WIND- var. FLOWER fldre-pleno "Cream RUE *Anemone*lla A pretty native found in woods. 3-6 in. May white" ANEMONE thalictroides Flowers nearly i in. across. Promi- Shade ThaHctrum nent stamens. Fern-like foliage. De- anemonoides lights in a shady spot in the rock- garden. Prop, by division. Prefers sandy peat. U. S. A. "White" ST. BRUNO'S LILY *Anthe*ricuin Liliastrum Lily-like flowers with green tips, in few-flowered racemes. Rush-like foli- 1-2 ft. Sun Late May to Paradisea age springs from the root. Protect in early Lilidstrum winter. Charming in the border. July Prop, by seed and division. S. Europe. Var. major; 2-3 ft. An improve- ment on A. Liliastrum. Flowers larger and more numerous, 2 in. long, 2^ in. across. Good border or rock-garden plant. Hort. "White" MUN- *Aquilegia See page 1 1 . Apr., STEAD'S vulgaris May WHITE var. alba COLUMBINE A . v.var.nivea "White" WHITE COLUMBINE **Aquilegia vulgaris A vigorous plant of compact habit with an abundance of large flowers. 2-3 ft. Sun Mid. May to var. nfvea Excellent in border or rock-garden. July Prop, by seed. Rich soil. Europe. "White" WHITE **Arabis See page n. Early ROCK albida Apr. to CRESS A. Caucdsica June "White" ALPINE *Arabis See page 12. Early ROCK alpina Apr. CRESS to late May "White" RUNNING *Arabis See page 12. a ROCK proctirrens CRESS "White" VERNAL Arenaria A dwarf alpine plant with star- 1-3 in. May SANDWORT ve"rna Alslne verna shaped flowers on slender stems. Foli- age erect. Excellent for rockwork and Sun for carpeting. Prop, by seed, divi- sion and rarely by cuttings. Any soil. Europe; Asia; Rocky Mts. "White" WHITE *Armeria Flowers in round compact heads 6-8 in. Late PLANTAIN- LIKE plantaginea var. leucantha spring from cushions of evergreen foli- age. Easily grown. Excellent for Sun May to ate THRIFT A. diantboldes rock-garden and edging. Prop, by fune seed and division. Any garden soil. CANADA ANEMONE. Anemone Pennsylvania. WOOD ANEMONE. Anemone nemcrosa. 73 OF -HE UNIVERSITY 74 LILY-OF-THE-VALLEY. Convallaria majalis. WHITE TO GREENISH MAY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "White" SWEET Aspe"rula Delicate flowers in tight clusters 6-8 in. Early WOOD- odorata rise from whorls of leaves which, when Half May to RUFF, dry, have a fragrance like hay. Spreads shade or mid. HAY PLANT rapidly. Good for edging and carpet- ing. Prop, by seed and division. Moist shade June loam. Europe; the Orient. "White" WHITE **Aster Similar to the type, but less desir- 3-10 in. Late ALPINE alpinus able and less vigorous. Large solitary Sun or May ASTER var. albus single flowers with yellow centres. half to late Leaves in clusters at the base of plant. shade June Good in rock-garden or border. Prop. generally by division of clumps. Easily cultivated in ordinary soil and expo- sure. Europe. "White" WHITE MOUNTAIN **Centaurea montana Dwarf compact plant. Large showy flowers resemble Bachelor's Buttons; 9-1 5 in. Sun Late May to BLUET var. alba produced plentifully. Good for bor- early OR KNAP- der. Prop, by division. Ordinary July WEED garden soil. Hort. "White" STARRY Cerastium Mat-like habit; flowers abundant. 4-6 in. May GRASS- arve*nse Good for bedding or half shady places Sun or WORT, under trees. Europe; Asia; u. S. A. half FIELD shade CHICK- WEED "White" LARGE- *Cer£stium Prostrate creeper. Profusion of 6-8 in. May. FLOWERED grandifldrum flowers on erect stalks. Silvery leaves Sun June MOUSE-EAR forming a dense mat. Good for edg- CHICK- ing or rock-garden, also used in the WEED border. Prop, by division or cuttings. Any soil. Hungary; Iberia. "White" WHITE *Chionod6xa See page 3. Mid. GLORY OF Luciliae Mar.to THE SNOW var. alba early May "Green- GOLDEN Chrysosple- See page 12. Late ish" SAXIFRAGE, nium Apr., WATER Americanum May CARPET "White" LILY-OF- **Convallaria A favorite plant. Many small, 8 in. Mid. THE- VALLEY majalis globular, fragrant flowers droop from the flower stalks. Clean and attrac- Half shade May to mid. tive foliage. Plant in masses under or shade June trees where it will spread rapidly. Prop, by division in fall or early spring. Moderately rich soil. Europe; Asia; S. Alleghanies. See Plate, page 74. "Green- DWARF Cdrnus Native plant. Involucres white va- 4-8 in. May. ish white" CORNEL, BUNCH- Canade*nsis rying to pink, supported by a whorl of dark foliage and succeeded by bunches Half shade June BERRY of red berries. Good for boggy places and wild gardens. Prop, by layers. Any soil. N. Amer. 75 WHITE TO GREENISH MAY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "White" SMALL *Cypripe- Leafy stem bears a solitary flower; 6-12 in. May to 36 in effect WHITE LADY'S dium candidum the sac is striped and spotted with pur- ple. Protect in winter. Suitable for Shade early June SLIPPER rock or wild garden. Porous moist peaty soil. U. S. A. "White" MOUNTAIN *Cypripe- Handsome species. Fragrant flow- 1-2 ft. « LADY'S dium ers with wavy brownish petals, the sac Shade SLIPPER montanum being dull white, veined with purple. OR Large leaves. Winter protection nec- MOCCASIN essary. Forms clumps in the rock or FLOWER wild garden. Porous moist peaty soil. Pacific States. "White" PEPPER- Dentaria See page 1 2. Apr., ROOT, TWO- LEAVED diphflla Cardamlne d. May TOOTH- WORT - - . "White" PINK **Dianthus Dwarf Pink of compact habit with 4-6 in. Late MISS "Miss numerous showy flowers. Good for Sun May SIMKINS Simkins" cutting. Excellent border plant. to late Grows in any ordinary garden soil. June Hort. "White" SQUIRREL *Dice"ntra See page 12. Apr., CORN Canade*nsis May Dielytra C. "White" DUTCH- *Dice"ntra See page 12. " white & 3 MAN'S Cucullaria BREECHES Dielytra C. "White" WHITE *Dice*ntra Less vigorous in appearance than I -2 ft. Late BLEEDING spectabilis the type. Heart-shaped flowers in Half May, HEART var. alba drooping racemes hang above the shade June Dielytra pretty foliage. Often found in old- spectdbilis var. alba fashioned gardens. Prop, by crown or root division. Good light soil, not too rich. Japan. "White" UMBRELLA- Diphylleia Flowers in round loose clusters, fol- i ft. May LEAF cymosa lowed by dark blue berries. One or Shade two very large umbrella-like leaves, heart or shield-shaped. Border. Prop. in spring by division. Dry peaty soil. Mts., Va. to Ga. "White" MOUNTAIN *Dr£as Evergreen creeper with large rose- 3-4 in. May, AVENS octope*tala like flowers and dense clumps of glossy Sun June foliage. Protect from winter sun with boughs. Excellent for the rock-gar- den. Prop, by seed, division or cut- tings. Loose well-drained soil. North- ern Hemisphere. "White" LARGE *Epimedium See page 12. Late WHITE- macranthum Apr. FLOWERED var. nfveum to late BARREN- E. ntveum May WORT WHITE TO GREENISH MAY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Creamy MUSSCHE'S *Epimedium Not so ornamental as the other I ft. May white" BARREN- Musschianum species, "but desirable. Flowers have Half WORT curious spurs. Foliage leathery, changing in color in the autumn. shade Prop, by division. Any garden soil. Japan. "White" LARGE *Erfgeron Large feathery daisy-like flowers 6-20 in. Late WHITE Coulter! 1-2 on a stem. Good to mass in the Sun May MOUNTAIN wild garden or plant in the border. to late DAISY Prop, by seed or division. Any ordi- June nary garden soil. Sierras; Rocky Mts.; Col. "Yellow- RUNNING *Erigeron Yellow-centred solitary aster-like 4-6 in. Mid. ish FLEABANE flagellaris flowers on half trailing leafy stems. Half May white" Color varies to pink. Good for front shade to late of border, and for naturalizing in wild June garden. Prop, by seed and division. Any ordinary soil. Western U. S. A. "Bluish WHITE **Erythr6- See page 15. Late white" DOGTOOTH nium Apr., white & 6 VIOLET albidum May "Green- LILY-LIKE *Fritillaria See page 15. Apr., ish" FRITILLARY liliacea May "White" WHITE **Fritillaria See page 15. Late GUINEA- Meleagris Apr., HEN var. alba May FLOWER OR CHECK- ERED LILY "Green- CAUCASIAN *Galanthus See page. 15. Apr., ish SNOWDROP Caucisicus May white" G. Redoutei "White" PLAITED **Galanthus See page 3- Mar. to SNOWDROP plicatus early May "White" WHITE *Geranium Good species. Large flowers borne i ft. Late BLOOD CRANES- BILL sangumeum var. album on branching stems. Pretty foliage. Border or rock-garden. Prop, by seed and division. Any good soil. Europe. Sun or half shade May to mid. July "White" WHITE *Geum Single flowers 1-2 in. across, some- I -2 ft. Late often WATER rivale times vary to blue. Leaves mostly at Half May, near 41 AVENS OR var. album the base of plant. Good for the rock- shade June WATER garden. Prop, by seed and division. FLOWER Light moist soil. N. Amer. "Yellow- ALPINE *Hutchinsia Minute alpine plant with clustered 2-3 in. May, ish white" HUTCH- INSIA alp in a flowers and glistening leaves. Attrac- tive mass of bloom in rock-garden. Sun June Prop, by seed and division. Sandy soil. Pyrenees. "White" DUTCH **Hyacfnthus See page 59. Late HYACINTH orientals Apr., vars. May 77 WHITE TO GREENISH MAY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Green- ORANGE Hydrdstis See page 16. Late ish ROOT, Canade*nsis Apr., white" GOLDEN May SEAL "White" GARREX'S CANDYTUFT *Iberis Garrexiana Spreading evergreen plant with clusters of blossoms which are good 6-9 in. Sun or May, June for cutting, rising above clumps of dark foliage. Mass in border or rock-gar- shade den. Leave undisturbed. Prop, by seed, division or cuttings. Any rich soil. S. Europe. "White" ROCK CANDYTUFT *Iberis saxatilis Spreading evergreen plant with clus- ters of flowers borne above masses of 6-9 in. Sun May, early fine dark green foliage. Effective in June clumps, drooping over rocks or edg- ing the border. Prop, by seed, divi- sion or cuttings. Any ordinary garden soil, not too moist. S. Europe. "White" LEATHERY- *Iberis Excellent alpine plant, dwarf var. 3-6 in. May, LEAVED saxatilis var. Flowers in round clusters on slightly Sun June ROCK corifblia drooping stems. See I. saxatilis. CANDYTUFT /. cori folia Sicily. "White" EVER- GREEN **Iberis sempe"rvirens Excellent shrubby plant with nu- merous dense clusters of flowers and 9- 1 5 in. Sun or May, early CANDYTUFT handsome dark evergreen foliage. half June Very hardy and vigorous, and may shade prove troublesome by spreading. Splendid rock-garden or border plant and good for edging shrubberies. Prop, by seed, division or cuttings. Any soil. S. Europe. Var. pleno; double flowered form not so desirable. Hort. Var. foliis variegatis, variegated leaves. Hort. "White" TENORE'S **Iberis Dwarf evergreen shrubby plant. 9-12 in. (t CANDYTUFT Tenoreana Flowers turn purple. Foliage very Half hairy. Liable to perish in heavy soils shade in winter. Pretty in rock-garden or margin of border. Prop, by seed. Sandy soil. S. Italy. "White" FLOREN- **Iris Large delicate scented flowers tinted I -2 ft. M TINE FLAG, Florentina with blue, with purple veining and Half ORRIS orange-yellow beards, stand above the shade ROOT dark green leaves. Root-stock fra- grant, (Orris-root). Good border plant in soil not too dry. Pr°P- by division. S. Europe. See Plate, page 79. "White" WHITE- *Iris One of the best dwarf Iris. Short- 4-8 in. May FLOWERED puinila lived flowers borne close to the ground. Sun or DWARF FLAG var. alba Sword-shaped leaves. Spreads rapid- ly. Good for rock-garden or margin of half shade border. Prop, by division. Any gar- den soil. Europe. 78 79 or -HE UNIVLrtSITY 8o WHITE TO GREENISH MAY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Dime of Bloom "White" WHITE SIBERIAN **Iris Sibirica Attractive species, distinguished by its tall slender stalks and early season. 2-3 ft. Sun .ate Way to FLAG var. alba Forms dense tufts; many flower- mid. stems bear clusters of pretty though [une rather small flowers, which rise above the grassy foliage. Good border plant. Prop, by division. Rich soil. Eu- rope; E. Siberia. "White" TWIN- LEAF *Jeffers6nia binata Dwarf plant, similar to the Blood- root. Solitary flowers i in. across on 16-18 in. Shade May /. dipbflla leafless stems. Round two-parted leaves. Bog or rock-garden plant. Prop, by seed and division. Peaty soil. S. Eastern U. S. A. "White" WHITE L>amium Semi-trailing plant. Flowers in 6-8 in. Mid. VARIE- maculatum whorls on leafy stalks. Heart-shaped Sun May to GATED var. album foliage blotched with white. Good late NETTLE L. dlbum for border or for covering barren July places. Prop, by division. Prefer- ably sandy open soil. Europe. "White" WHITE **Lathyrus See page 16. Late SPRING ve*rnus Apr., BITTER var. albus May VETCH Orobus v. var. a. "White" SUMMER *Leuc6jum See page 16 and Plate, page 80. Apr., SNOW- aestivum May FLAKE "White" SPRING *Leuc6jum See page 16. H SNOW- ve"rnum FLAKE "White" WHITE *Linum Branching plant. Flowers on slen- I -2 ft. Mid. PEREN- aere'nne der leafy stems. A free and contin- Sun or May to NIAL FLAX var. album uous bloomer. Good border and rock- balf Aug. garden plant. Prop, by seed and divi- sbade sion. Any garden soil. Europe. "White" WHITE OR *L?chnis See page 16. Apr., EVENING alba May CAMPION "White" MITRE- Mitella Small flowers in racemes on erect 6-12 in. May WORT, TWO- diphflla unbranching stalks. Fine large heart- shaped leaves on the flower-stalks and Sbade LEAVED in a clump at base of plant. Rock or BISHOP'S- wild garden. Prop, by division. Moist CAP soil somewhat peaty. Eastern States. "White" COMMON **Muscari See page 16. Apr., WHITE botryoides May GRAPE var. album HYACINTH "White" WHITE *Myos6tis Loose clusters of small flowers with I -2 ft. May, WOOD FORGET- sylvatica var. alba yellow eyes. Good for spring bedding, for fringing walks, or in garden beds. Sun or sbade early June ME-NOT Prop, by seed. Any good soil. Eu- rope; Asia. 81 WHITE TO GREENISH MAY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "White" PRIMROSE Narcissus See page 16. Mid. PEERLESS bifldrus Apr. ' to late May "White" ALGERIAN *Narcissus See page 19. Late WHITE Bulbocodium Apr., HOOP- var. early PETTICOAT monoph^Uus May DAFFODIL "White" BUR- Narcissus See page 19. Mid. BIDGE'S Burbidgei Apr. NARCISSUS to late May "White" PHEAS- ANT'S EYE, **Narcissus poe*ticus A lovely and vigorous species. Fra- grant wide-open flowers, the short cups having red edges. An old favorite. 12-1 5 in. Half shade May POET'S Plant in masses in the border, in the best NARCISSUS grass, or the edge of shrubbery beds, where it will endure for years. Bul- bous. Prop, by offsets. Plant the bulbs in late Sept. or Oct., 6 or 8 in. deep, 3 in. apart. Any good soil. Mediterranean Region. See Plate, p. 79. Vars. — P. Grandiftorus; the largest of the type, pure white base-petals, cup suffused with crimson. r. Or- natus. Resembles N. poeticus though larger. It blooms earlier but is not so fragrant. P. Poetarum; large flow- ers, a fine var. "White" or 2 WHITE SPANISH Narcissus Pseudo- Very fragrant large trumpet flow- ers. These Narcissi unfortunately die 6-9 in. Half Early to TRUMPET Narcissus out after a few years. Plant in rows shade mid. DAFFODIL var. or masses in the border or on the edge best May moschatus of shrubbery. Plant in late Sept. or Oct., 6-8 in. deep and 4 in. apart. Cover in winter. Bulbous. Prop, by offsets. Any good well-drained soil. Give an occasional top-dressing. See Plate, page 83. "White" STEMLESS *y division in spring and runners. Loamy soil mixed with leaf mold and peat is desirable. Penn. and South. "Yellow" 5 LARGE- FLOWERED TICKSEED **Core6psis grandiflSra Daisy-like showy flowers, larger than other garden species, few on a stem and lasting a long time. Foliage 1-2 ft. Sun June to Sept. small. Excellent for cutting. A group forms a bright mass of color in the border. Prop, by seed or division. Any soil. Southern U. S. A. "Yellow" LANCE- **Core6psis Resembles C. grandiflora with I -2 ft. « 6 LEAVED lanceolata smaller flowers; yellow or brown cen- Sun TICKSEED tres and broad rays, flowers solitary on the stalks which rise high above the dense tufts of glossy foliage. Good for cutting. Border. Prop, by seed or division. Any ordinary garden soil. Eastern States. "Yellow" STIFF *Core6psis Flowers, 1^-2$ in. across, have i H ft. June, 5 TICKSEED palmata brown or yellow centres with lemon Sun July C. prcecox rays. Border plant. Prop, by seed or division. Ordinary garden soil. Middle U. S. A. "Golden NOBLE *Cor£dalis See page 99. May, yellow*' FUMITORY nobilis early 4 Fumaria n. June "Bright yellow" SMALL YELLOW *Cypripedium parvifldrum See page 99. May, June 2 deep & LADY'S dull SLIPPER "Pale LARGE **Cypripe- See page 99. " yellow" YELLOW dium 2 deep & LADY'S pub£scens dull SLIPPER C. parvifld- rum, C. birsutum "Yellow" 2 ZALIL'S LARKSPUR *Delphfnium Zalil Large flowers on tall racemes. Dark green leaves. Suitable for the border. I -2 ft. Sun June, July D. sulpbu- Prop, by seed, division and cuttings. reum, D. by- Deep sandy soil, well enriched. Per- bridum var. sia. sulpbureum 196 YELLOW JUNE Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Yellow' YELLOW *Digitalis Perennial. Large tubular flowers 2-3 ft. Early 2 FOXGLOVE ambigua D. grandifldra D. ochroleuca with brown markings, which droop from long stalks rising high above the clump of broad downy leaves. Effec- Sun or half shade June to mid. tive planted in groups in the border or July wild garden. Prop, by seed and divi- sion. Rather moist light loam. Eu- rope; Asia. "Cream color" WOOLLY FOXGLOVE *Digitalis lanata A perennial Foxglove with long dense spikes of small flowers, some- « ft. oun OT Early June 2 times grayish or slightly purplish. See D. ambigua. S. Eastern Europe. half shade to late July "Golden AUSTRIAN *Dor6nicum See page 99. May, yellow" LEOPARD'S Austriacum June 5 BANE "Yellow" CAUCASIAN *Dor6nicum See page 99. May, 5 LEOPARD'S Caucasicum early BANE June "Golden CLUSIUS'S *Dordnicum See page 100. May, yellow" LEOPARD'S Clusu June 5 BANE "Yellow" CRAY-FISH *Dor6nicum See page 100. M 5 LEOPARD'S Pardalianches BANE "Yellow" PLANTAIN- *Dor6nicum See page 100. M 5 LEAVED >lantagineum LEOPARD'S BANE "Orange TALL *Dor6nicum See page 100. « yellow" PLANTAIN- >lantagmeum 7 LEAVED var. excelsum LEOPARD'S D. e. "Harpur BANE Crewe" 'HARPUR CREWE" "Yellow" VITALE'S )ougl£sia See page 100. Late 4 DOUGLASIA Vitaliana May, Aretia V. fune Gregbria V . "Yellow" AIZOON- Draba See page 100. May, 4 LIKE aizoides early WHITLOW fune GRASS "Yellow" 2 deeper OLYMPIAN WHITLOW *Draba Ol^mpica Dainty tufted alpine plant bearing a profusion of small flowers which 4 in. Sun fune GRASS 9. brunice- rise from the dense spreading tufts of blia foliage. Useful for rockwork in ele- vated positions. Prop, by seed, though generally by division. Well- drained soil. Caucasus. "Bright BUNGE'S Sremurus Pretty dwarf species. Bell-shaped i -3 ft. fune, yellow" EREMURUS Btingei flowers with long stamens in spikes Sun fuly 4, anthers 5 in. long. Flower stems slender. 13 Leaves grass-like in a clump at base. Plant in groups. Prop, by division. Deep rich sandy loam. Persia. 197 YELLOW JUNE Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Yellow" 6 lighter WOOLLY BAHIA Erioph^llum caespitdsum Babia lanata, Branching grayish plant. Numer- ous fairly large rayed flowers on leafy stalks. Suitable for the wild garden. I-I^ft. Sun June, July Actinella Prop, by seed and division. Light I an at a well-drained sandy soil. N. Amer. "Sulphur MOUNTAIN *Er^simum See page 101. May, yellow" HEDGE alpinum June 4 MUSTARD "Yellow" ROCK- *Er£simum See page 101. May, 3 LOVING rupe"stre early HEDGE E. pulcbellum June MUSTARD "Yellow" INDIAN *Fragaria Trailer with small solitary flowers 6-8 in. June 3 STRAW- BERRY Indica and many red berries. Leaves divided into 3 lobes. Protect slightly in win- Sun ter. Suitable for rock-gardens and i garden vases. Prop, by division. Any soil not too damp. India. "Yellow" LADY'S Galium Of low-growing spreading habit. . -3 ft. June 4 BEDSTRAW verum Numbers of tiny flowers in panicles. Sun to Charming feathery foliage. Good for Sept. naturalization on sterile ground. Prop, by seed and division. Any soil. Europe. "Yellow" DYER'S *Genlsta Effective sub-shrub, to be seen on 3ft. Late bet. 5&6 GREEN- tinctbria the Salem hills in Mass. Pea-shaped Sun June, WEED, flowers in racemes which form a mass July BASE of golden bloom. Foliage inconspicu- BROOM ous. Valuable for covering dry banks and also for rock-gardens. Prop, by seed and green cuttings. Any soil. Europe; Asia; Naturalized in Mass., Me., and N. Y. Var. plena has double flowers. "Yellow" YELLOW- *Geum See page 101. Late 6 FLOWERED montanum May to MOUNTAIN mid. AVENS June "Yellow" PYRENEAN Geum See page 101. Mid. 6 lighter AVENS Pyrenaicum May to mid. June "Yellow" BROAD- Grindelia An unimportant sub-shrub of coarse I -2 ft. Late 4 LEAVED squarrosa habit. Rayed flowers terminate Sun June GUM- branching stalks. Foliage stiff. Wild to PLANT garden or border. Prop, by seed, Sept. spring sown in green-house, division or cuttings. Any soil. Western U. S. A. "Yellow" BOLAND- *Helenium Wild in low ground. Robust, free- I -2 ft. June 6 ER'S Bolanderi blooming plant resembling Sunflower. Sun to SNEEZE- Showy flowers 2-3 in. wide with long Sept. WEED OR daisy-like drooping petals surround- SNEEZE- ing a dark brown centre. Border. WORT Prop, by seed, division or cuttings. Cal. 198 BELLOW JUNE Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Yellow" HOOPES'S **Helenium See page 102. Late 5 SNEEZE- Ho6pesii May WEED to late * June "Yellow" 2 to 5 ROCK OR SUN ROSE *Helianthe- mum vulgare Pretty shrubby evergreen plant. Flowers like small single Roses in lax 8-1 5 in. Sun Early June, racemes. Foliage silvery beneath, in July a low thick carpet. Desirable for the rock-garden. Needs slight protection in winter. Prop, by seed, division or cuttings. Sandy loam. Many differ- ent-colored vars. Europe; N. Africa; W. Asia. "Yellow" LEMON **Hemerocal- Very hard and vigorous. Fragrant 3ft. June, 6 deep LILY lis flava lily-like flowers in clusters surmount a Half early », mound of graceful grass-like leaves. shade July Good for cutting. Spreads rapidly. Charming in masses on the banks of streams, in clumps in the border or rock-garden, and for edging walks or beds of shrubs. Prop, by division. / Any moist rich soil. Europe; N. Asia. / See Plate, page 201. "Orange yellow" MIDDEN- DORF'S **Hemero- callis The prettiest species. Very fra- grant. Resembles H. Dumortieri, 1-3 ft. Half Late June, 8 YELLOW Middendorfii with paler flowers borne in threes or shade July DAY LILY fours, on long stems and broader bright green curving leaves in clumps. For planting and cultivation see H. flava. Amurland. "Yellow" THUN- **Hemero- Closely resembles H. flava though 3-4 ft. (t 6 lighter BERG'S callis the flowers are not so large. See H. Sun or YELLOW Thunbergii flava. Japan. half DAY LILY shade "Golden SHAGGY Hieracium Plant covered with white silkiness, I -2 ft. June yellow" HAWK- villbsum effective for its large flowers and sil- Sun to 5 WEED very foliage. Naturalize on barren mid. ground. More easily kept from spread- Aug. ing than other species of this genus. Prop, by seed and division. Any soil. Europe. "Deep YELLOW Hypdxis See page 102. May, yellow" STAR ere*cta June 5 deep GRASS //. hirsuta "Yellow" 5 LARGE- FLOWERING *Inula grandiflora Vigorous plant with large flowers in profusion. Foliage coarse. Border. 2-3 ft. Sun June ELECAM- Resists drought. Prop, by seed and PANE division. Any good soil. Asia. "Yellow" YELLOW- Iris See page 102. Late BANDED orientalis May, FLAG /. ochroleuca, June I . gigantea "Yellow" YELLOW OR *Iris See page 102. Late 5& 2 COMMON Pseudacorus May WATER /. Pseud- to late FLAG dcorus June 199 YELLOW JUNE Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Yellow" effect 11 TUCK'S FLAME *Kniph6fia Ttickii Brilliantly striking plant. Flowers, reddish when first in bloom, rise in 4-5 ft. Half June, to FLOWER dense slender spikes high above tufts shade Sept. of sword-shaped leaves. Group among tropical-looking plants in sheltered border with good background. Leave undisturbed and protect slightly in winter. Prop, by division. Any well- drained soil. Central Africa. "Yellow" 4 EDELWEISS *Leontop6- dium alpinum Prized by Alpine climbers. Downy star-like flowers rise well above a tuft 4-12 in. Sun June, July Gnapbalium of narrow hoary leaves. Pretty for Leontopodium rock-garden. Prop, by seed. Rather light soil. Switzerland. "Yellow" GRAY- *Le"pachys Flowers cone-shaped; purple cen- 3-5 ft. June 5 HEADED pinnkta tres and abruptly drooping rays. Re- Sun to CONE- Ratibida sembles Rudbeckia. Good for back mid. FLOWER p inn at a of border or in shrubbery. Prop, by Sept. Rudbeckia seed or division. N. Y.; W. and S. pinnata "Yellow" YELLOW *Lilium Picturesque native, wild in moist 1-4 ft. June, 7 dull CANADA Canade"nse meadows and bogs. Flowers, with Sun or July LILY var. flavum dark spots, drooping in clusters. half Lovely in masses or scattered among sbade shrubs, or naturalized. Bulbous. Prop, by offsets or scales. Light well- drained soil. Avoid contact with ma- nure. Eastern N. Amer. See Plate, page 202. "Yellow" CAUCASIAN *Lflium Conspicuous species. Fragrant tur- 2-5 ft. « 3 LILY monadelphum L. S{ovit{ia- ban-shaped flowers, tinged with pur- ple and spotted with black, crown a Half shade num, vigorous leafy stalk. Mass or scat- L. Cdlcbicum ter against dense background in border. Bulbous. Prop, by offsets, scales or very slowly by seed. Any light soil. Avoid contact with ma- nure. Persia. "Yellow" PARRY'S **Lflium Best yellow species. Flowers with 2-6 ft. M 5 LILY Parryi reddish brown markings and spread- Sbade ing reflexed tips. Foliage in whorls. Effective massed in border against background. Bulbous. Prop, by offsets, scales, or very slowly by seed. Light well-drained soil. Avoid con- tact with manure. Cal. "Golden HUM- *Lflium Graceful and stately. Drooping 3-5 ft- M yellow" BOLDT'S pube*rulum flowers 6-8 in. across, dotted with pale Half 6 more orange LILY L. Califdrni- cum, L. Hum- purple turning to red or brown, in panicles. Bright green leaves in large shade boldtii, L. whorls. Margin of shrubbery. Bul- Bloomeria- bous. Prop, by offsets, scales or very num slowly by seed. Any light well-drained soil. Avoid direct contact with ma- nure. Cal. 200 2OI 2Q2 YELLOW CANADA LILY. Lilium Canadense var. fiarum. YELLOW JUNE Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Buff" NANKEEN **Lilium Very choice and stately species, 2-6 ft. Mid. 1 LILY testaceum widely cultivated. Clusters of fra- Sun or June L. excelsum, grant flowers with conspicuous orange half to L. Isabelli- stamens, hang nodding from the top shade mid. num of tall leafy stalks. Group in border. July Bulbous. Prop, by offsets or scales. Any light soil. Avoid contact with manure. Supposed hybrid. "Yellow" 3 DALMA- TIAN *Linaria Dalmatica Showy, graceful and free-growing. Large snapdragon-like flowers in pro- 3-4 ft. Sun or Early June TOAD- fusion. Foliage dense. Border. shade to FLAX Prop, by seed and division. Any light early soil. S. Eastern Europe. July, late July to late Aug. "Yellow" MACEDO- Linaria Distinct species, with broader leaves 2-3 ft. June, 3 &7 NIAN Maced6nica than L. Dalmatica. Snapdragon-like Sun or July TOAD-FLAX flowers in tall terminal racemes bloom shade continuously. Inside of lower lip orange. Prop, by seed or division. Any ordinary soil. Macedonica. "Yellow" YELLOW *Linnm Gay flowers in loose clusters. Foli- I -2 ft. it 5 FLAX flavum age pretty but inconspicuous. Inval- Sun uable plant forming neat bush. Bor- der or rock-garden. Prop, by seed and division. Light rich soil. Europe. "Yellow" BIRD'S- Lbtus Hardy spreading trailer. Pea-like 4- 1 8 in. June 3 FOOT corniculatus flowers often marked with red, in um- Sun to TREFOIL, bels of five to ten. Foliage in tufts. Oct. BABIES' Rock-garden. Any soil. SLIPPERS Var. flore-pleno. Double and more showy variety; flowers last longer, preferred to the type. N. Hemi- sphere; Britain. "Yellow" 5 MONEY- WORT, CREEPING *Lysimachia nummularia Rapid creeper. Masses of pret- ty cup-shaped flowers on prostrate branchlets. Good for carpeting 1-2 in. Sun or half Early June to late JENNY where grass will not grow, for rock- shade July gardens and for drooping from garden vases. Prop, by seed and division. Any soil. Europe. Var. aurea, leaves wholly or partly yellow. "Yellow" SPOTTED *Lysimachia Of sturdy erect habit. Flowers in 1-3 ft. June, 5 LOOSE- punctata whorls around leafy stalks. Good in Sun July STRIFE L. verticulata border. Prop, by seed and division. Good garden soil. Europe; W. Asia. See Plate, page 205. "Yellow" BULB- Lysimachia Wild in low or wet ground. Flow- 8-24 in. ti bet. 5&6 BEARING stricta ers in thick terminal racemes above Sun LOOSE- L. terrestris long narrow leaves, grayish under- STRIFE neath. Wild garden Prop, by seed and division. Any soil. Eastern U. S. A. 203 YELLOW JUNE Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Yellow" 4 COMMON YELLOW *Lysimachia vulgaris Flowers, often with red margins, in spikes. Pointed leaves in whorls of 2-3 ft. Sun June, July LOOSE- 3 or 4 about the flower stalks. Quite STRIFE showy in clumps on banks of streams. Prop, by seed and division. Any moist soil. Europe; Asia. "Yellow" 5 WELSH POPPY Meconopsis Cambrica Rather large poppy-like flowers are borne erect on slender stems. Foliage i ft. Sun a light green much divided. Rock-gar- den. Prop, by seed and division. Any good soil. W. Europe. "Pale SESSILE- Oakesia See page 102. May, yellow" LEAVED sessilifolia June 1 BELLWORT Uvularia s. "Yellow" LARGE- *O2nothera Biennial. Vigorous and sometimes 4-5 ft- June 3 FLOWERED bie*nnis branching. A large variety of the Sun to BIENNIAL var. common Evening Primrose. Showy Sept. EVENING grandifldra flowers 3-4 in. across. Effective in PRIMROSE CE. Lamarck- masses in the wild garden and border. iana Prop, by seed and cuttings. Any soil. S. W. U. S. A. "Yellow" 5 SUNDROPS **CEnothera fruticbsa One of the best species. Shrubby plant with red stems and clusters of broad showy flowers continuously cov- i -3 ft. Half shade June, July ering the plant with golden bloom. Excellent border plant. Prop, by seed and cuttings. Any light soil. N. Amer. Var. Youngii. Flowers lemon- yellow. Branches slender. Vigorous and a free bloomer. Var. major; (color no. 3), is thick and bushy. See Plate, page 206. "Yellow" ERASER'S **O2nothera A good species. Upright plant be- 2-3 ft. June 5 EVENING PRIMROSE glauca var. Fraseri ;'.- coming bushy and leafy at the top, covered with clusters of flowers 2 in. Sun to Sept. CE. Fraseri across. Continuous in bloom. Effec- tive in masses for rock-garden or bor- der. Easy cultivation. Prop, by seed and cuttings. Any good garden soil. Southern U. S. A. "Lemon LINEAR- CEnothera Bushy plant. Flowers small but lift?, June yellow" LEAVED linearis numerous, forming a mass of bloom. Sun to 3 EVENING CE. fruticosa Leaves very narrow. Border plant. early PRIMROSE var. linearis, Prop, by division or cuttings in the Aug. CE. rip aria spring. Rich sandy soil. Eastern 0. S. A. "Yellow" MISSOURI **O2nothera A low species with prostrate as- 10 in. M 3 PRIMROSE Missourie"nsis CE. macro- cending branches. A profuse bloomer. Solitary flowers, often 5 in. across, Half shade cdrpa, cover the plant. Attractive in open Megapterium border or rock-garden. Prop, by divi- Missouriense sion or cuttings. Any light soil. S. Western U. S. A. 204 \ See page 128. May, ish BACCA, Europeeum June purple" HAZEL- WORT "Violet" BLUE **Aster See page 128. Late 46 ALPINE alpinus May ASTER to late June "Dark OREGON Bolandra A compact neat plant with flowers 15-20 in. June purple" BOLANDRA Oregana in flat-topped clusters. Suitable for Sun damp situation in the rock-garden. Recently introduced. Oregon. "Purple" LARGE Brunella Flowers in heads rise above the 8-12 in. June, 47 dull SELF-HEAL grandiflbra B. Pyrenaica thick foliage. Pretty for rock-garden and for carpeting. Any soil not too Half shade July dry. Europe. "Purple" ALPINE Calammtha Branching tufted plant with fra- 6 in. June 48 CALAMINT alpina grant flowers, similar to those of Sun Thyme, borne in whorls. Plant in the rock-garden. Prop, by seed, division in spring, or cuttings. Any garden soil. S. Europe. 234 235 236 PURPLE TO LILAC JUNE Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Lilac TOM Calammtha Pretty and minute alpine plant of 3 in. June, purple" THUMB glabella tufted habit, the flowers having an Sun July 23 dull CALAMINT aromatic fragrance. Rock-garden. Prop, by division. Sandy loam. N. Amer. "Purple" RUSSIAN *Camp£nula Sixty to a hundred small funnel- 2-3 ft. June 55& 44 BELL- Bononie'nsis shaped flowers in long loose pyramidal Sun FLOWER var. spikes. Dark green leaves. A showy Ruthe"nica border plant. There is a pretty white C. Rutbenica var. Prop, by seed. Rich well-drained loam. Caucasus; Tauria. "Violet" CARPA- **Campanula Very pretty and free flowering 9-18 in. Late 47 THIAN Carpatica species. Neat compact plant bears a Sun June shading HAIRBELL continuous wealth of large erect cup- to late darker shaped flowers, i£ in. across, above • Aug. the pretty clean foliage. Useful for cutting. Invaluable for border or rock-garden. Easily cultivated. Prop. by seed, division or cuttings. Rich well-drained loam. Transylvania. See Plate, page 235. Var. Hendersoni (C. Carpatica tur- binata Hendersoni). Very variable form; in height and shape of flowers resembles var. turbinata, but is more robust. Rich mauve flowers in pyra- midal racemes. A handsome hybrid. Hort. Var. pelviformis. Widely spreading fragrant flowers, almost 2 in. across, borne freely on branching stems. Pretty foliage like the type. Rock-garden or border. Var. " Riv- er slea"', (color no. 46 deep), stronger var., height 6-8 in.; flowers bluer than the type and 3 in. across. Desirable in rock-garden or border. Hort. Var. turbinata (C. turbinata), Turban Bell- flower. Height 6-12 in. Good var. lower and more compact than the type. Solitary deep purple flowers, i £-2 in. across, on erect stems. Leaves also larger. There is a fine though rare pale var. Transylvania. Var. "G. r. Wilson"', (color no. 44 darker), 6-12 in., a dwarf var., hybrid of var. turbinata and C. pulla. "It has the large flowers of the former and hand- some dark foliage of the latter." Hort. "Pale GARGANO '"Campanula See page 128. May to blue HAIRBELL Garganica Sept. violet" 44 deep "Purple" DANES' **Campinula One of the best Campanulas. Erect I -2 ft. June, 48 BLOOD, glomerata stems bear funnel-shaped flowers, in Sun July CLUSTERED dense terminal heads. Charming bor- BELL- der plant. There is also a white flow- FLOWER ered form. Prop, by seed, division or 237 PURPLE TO LILAC JUNE Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom cuttings. Rich loam well-drained. Europe; Asia. See Plate, page 236. ** Var. Daburica, a common form and excellent plant. Flowers larger than the type in clusters 3 in. thick. Hort. "Deep LARGE- **Camp£nula Better known than the type and 3-5 ft. Early purple" BLOS- latifdlia var. larger in every way. Flowers nearly Sun or June, 48 SOMED macrantha as large as Canterbury Bells. Some- shade July BELL- C. macrdntba what rank in growth, but a fine border FLOWER plant. Prop, by seed, division or cut- tings. Rich loam well-drained. Cen- tral Europe. "Violet" 47 PEACH- LEAVED **Camp£nula persicifolia A very charming plant. Many large cup-shaped flowers, 2 in. across, iH«*. Sun Early June shading BELL- ranging along tall stems, are borne to darker FLOWER, above the tuft of pretty foliage. mid. PEACH Flowers a second time. Good for cut- J^y BELLS ting. A graceful plant to group in border or along edge of shrubbery. Prop, by seed and division. Easily cultivated in rich soil. Central and N. Europe. The white var. is espe- cially pleasing. Var. grandtftora, larger flowers. De- sirable. "Purple" WALL Campanula See page 131. May, 48 HAIRBELL Portenschla- June giana C. muralis "Purple" 39 & 47 RAINER'S BELL- *Camp£nula Rainerii A sturdy dwarf compact plant. Each branch bears a large open erect 2-3 in. Sun Mid. June FLOWER flower. Rock-garden. Protect from to late slugs. Prop, by seed, division or cut- J^y tings. Rich gritty loam well-drained. Italian Alps. "Violet" 47 shad- ENGLISH HAIRBELL, **Camp£nula rotundifdlia A lovely little plant with drooping bell-flowers on delicate wiry stems. 6-12 in. Sun June to late ing to 49 BLUE BELLS OF Pretty for borders, though especially suited for crevices in the rock-garden, Aug. SCOTLAND or naturalization on steep slopes when planted so that the pendent habit is shown. Prop, by seed, division or cuttings. Rich loam, well-drained. N. Temp. Region. Var. Hostit; (C. Hostii), larger flowers on stouter stems. There is a white form which is not so vigorous, though the flowers are as large. *Var. sold ana flora; (C. soldanella), the Double Fringed Hairbell. Distinct var., blooms in June. Flowers are half- double and petals much divided. Hort. "Violet" VAN **Camp£nula A fine species, resembling C. punc- 2 it. Early 40 HOUTTE'S Van Houttei tata. Solitary bell-shaped flowers 2 Sun June BELL- in. long nod from the branchlets. Ex- to FLOWER cellent border plant. Prop, by seed, mid. division or cuttings. Rich loam well- J^y drained. Hort. 238 PURPLE TO LILAC JUNE Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height .and Situation Time of Bloom "Violet" BLUE *Catananche An everlasting. Flower-heads 2 in. 2ft. June 47 SUCCORY caerulea wide. Foliage at base of plant. Good Sun to OR for cutting. Prop, by seed and divi- Sept. CUPIDONE sion. Any soil preferably light. Var. bicolor; purplish white, centre color no. 41. Var. alba, white flowers. S. Europe. "Purple" MOUNTAIN **Centaurea Large flowers, resembling the Corn- 1 2-20 in. « 46 shad- BLUET OR montana flower, which turn redder as they grow Sun ing to 39 KNAPWEED old. Cottony foliage. Excellent for cutting and for the border. Prop. by division. Any good garden soil. Europe. "Pur- RAM'S HEAD *Cypripedium See page 131. Late plish" LADY'S arietinum May to effect 43 SLIPPER Aug. "Deep KASHMIR *Delphmium Slender dwarf species. Terminal 15 in. June, purple" LARKSPUR Dashmeri- v/ clusters of flat flowers, i in. or more Sun July 49 deep anum across, which vary somewhat in color. Deeply cut rounded foliage in a tuft at the base. Especially suited for the rock-garden. Prop, best by seed, also by division and cuttings. Well- drained rich soil. Himalayas. "Rosy COMMON OR *Dodecatheon See page 131. May, purple" EASTERN Meadia June 39 SHOOTING STAR, AMERICAN COWSLIP "Pur- BLUE OR Srigeron See page 131. Mid. plish" BITTER acris May to 50 FLEABANE early June "Purple" THRIFT- *Erigeron Seepage 131. Late 43 LEAVED armeriae- May, FLEABANE fdlius June "Bluish ROBIN'S Srigeron See page 131. Mid. purple" PLANTAIN, bellidifblius May to 43 deep & ROSE PETTY E. pulchellus July bluer "Pur- ROUGH *Erigeron See page 131. Late plish" ERIGERON glabellus May, 32 June "Light purple" bet. VERY ROUGH ERIGERON *Erigeron glabellus var. asper Tufted plant bearing aster-like flow- ers. A rough shaggy var. Mass in wild spots or in the border. Prop, by 6-20 in. Half shade Early June' to mid. 43&44 seed and division. Any ordinary gar- July den soil. "Violet" BEACH "Erigeron See page 131. Late 50 dull ASTER glaucus May, June 239 PURPLE TO LILAC JUNE Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Pur- plish lilac" SHOWY FLEABANE **Erigeron speciosus Stendctis The most desirable species. Vig- orous plant of erect habit. Aster- like yellow-centred flowers. Good for 1 i-2 ft. Sun June, July 47 lighter specidsa cutting. Plant in masses in the rock- garden or border. Prop, by seed and division. Any ordinary soil. N. Pacific Coast. Var. superbus has paler flowers and blooms more freely. Hort. "Violet WALL *Erinus See page 132. May, purple" ERINUS a lp in us June 39 more violet "Light GLANDULAR Erbdium Geranium-like alpine plant. Upper 6-10 in. June purple" STORK'S OR macradenium petals larger than the lower, spotted Sun to HERON'S BILL E. glandulo- sum with deep purple. Continuous in bloom. Foliage aromatic. Plant in Sept. crevices in rock-garden. Pyrenees. "Pur- MANES- Er6dium Most vigorous and desirable of the i-iift. June, plish" CAUT'S Manescavi family. Showy flowers, like the Gera- Sun July STORK'S OR nium, i £-2 in. across, 7-15 on the HERON'S BILL stem. Rock-garden or border. Prop, by seed and division. Dry soil not too rich. Pyrenees. "Laven- der" OVAL- LEAVED *Funkia ovata Distinguished for striking foliage. Flowers bell-shaped in limp racemes I -2 ft. Half June, early 45 bluer PLANTAIN F. carulea, well above a conspicuous tuft of dark shade J^y OR DAY F. lanceolata glossy heart-shaped leaves. Requires LILY space. Border. Prop, by newly ripened seeds or more commonly by division. Rich moist soil. Japan; N. China; Siberia. Var. marginata; bizarre with white edged leaves, not very attractive. Hort. "Pale SIEBOLD'S *Ftmkia The most decorative of the family, 2-3 ft. fune, lilac" PLANTAIN Sieboldiana especially because of its luxuriant fo- Half [uly 43 lighter OR DAY F. cucullata, liage. Resembles F. subcordata, but shade or LILY F. gigantea, the flowers drooping and smaller do shade F. glauca, not rise above the large leaves which F. Sieboldii, are a bluer green. Effective in the F. Sinensis border. There is a var. with yellow- edged foliage. Prop, by newly ripened seed, or commonly by division. Cul- tivation easy, preferably in deep rich soil. Japan. "Lilac purple" GOAT'S RUE *Galega officinalis Bushy plant. Flowers pea-shaped in compact racemes, good for cutting. 2-3 ft. Sun or fune o 43 Foliage luxuriant and graceful. Plant half Sept. groups in the border or wild garden. shade Prop, by seed and division. Any good soil. Europe; Asia. "Dark BALKAN *Geranium Flowers at ends of long stems. i ft. une ma- CRANES- Balkanum Leaves fragrant. Border or rock- Sun genta" BILL garden. Prop, by seed and division. 41 Any good soil. S. Europe. 240 PURPLE TO LILAC JUNE Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Purple" HILL- Geranium One of the showiest Geraniums. 2-3 ft. June, bet. 39 & 47 LOVING CRANES- collinum G. Londessi Flowers produced on drooping stems. Foliage insignificant. Second bloom Sun July BILL if cut before seeding. Wild garden or border. Prop, by seed and division. Any good soil. E. Europe. "Laven- WILD Geranium See page 132. Early der" GERANIUM, maculatum May to 39 WILD OR July SPOTTED CRANES- BILL "Purple" WALLICH'S Geranium Trailing plant with large flowers 12-15 in. June 42 CRANES- Wallichianum borne freely all summer amidst pretty Sun to BILL light green foliage. Rock-garden. Sept. Prop, by seed and division. Any good soil. Himalayan Region. "Purple" 40 to 47 ROCKET, SWEET ROCKET, *He"speris matronalis Vigorous. Fragrant flowers in showy spikes. Hairy foliage. Divide often. Pretty for wild garden, shrub- 1-3 ft. Sun or half June, July DAME OR bery or mixed border. Will grow in a shade DAMASK cold climate. Prop, by division and VIOLET cuttings. Rich soil is best. Europe; Siberia. "Pur- DOWNY Heuchera See page 132. Late plish" HEUCHERA pube*scens May, 30 deeper H. rubifblia, June to white H. pulveru- lenta "Bluish PYRENEAN Hormmum No especial character. Tubular 6-12 in. June purple" DEAD pyrenaicum flowers in spikes rise from broad tufts Sun 47 NETTLE of foliage. Border and excellent for rock-garden. Prop, by seed and divi- sion. Well-drained soil. S. Europe. "Palest LARGE Houstonia See page 132. May, purple" HOUSTONIA purpurea early 37 pale June "Purple" APPEN- Hydrophyl- See page 132. Mid. often 50 DAGED lum May to WATER- appendicula- early LEAF tum June "Bluish HYSSOP *Hyssopus Well-known aromatic shrub of culi- I -2 ft. Mid. purple" officinalis nary and medicinal value. Flowers Sun June 49 insignificant, sometimes white, in leafy to mid. spikes. Narrow leaves. Good as Aug. edging for beds or borders. Can be trimmed like Box. Prop, by seed, division or cuttings. Light rather dry loam; give plenty of water. S. Europe; Siberia. "Delicate GIBRALTAR *Iberis See page 135. May, lilac" CANDYTUFT Gibraltarica June 43 or 36 "Pale CRESTED **iris See page 135. Late lilac" DWARF cristata May, 44 IRIS June 241 PURPLE TO LILAC JUNE Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Sitwtion Time of Bloom "Purple GERMAN **Iris See page 135, and Plate, page 243. Late & laven- IRIS, Germanica § May, der" FLEUR- vars. June DE-LIS "Violet" GREAT **iris pallida See page 135. «( 44 deep PURPLE OR f. Junbnia, TURKEY I. Asidtica, FLAG I. sicula "Lilac" PLAITED **Iris plicata See page 135. M 50 FLAG /. aphylla var. plicata "Blue SLENDER *Iris See page 135. Mid. violet" BLUE FLAG prismatica May to 49 r. yirginica, July I. grdcilis "Deep SIBERIAN **Iris See page 136 and Plate, page 244. Late violet" FLAG Sibirica May to 49 /. acuta mid. June "Bright LARGER *Iris See page 136. Late purple" BLUE FLAG versicolor May, 56 lighter June "Violet ENGLISH **Iris Beautiful bulbous Iris flowering at I -2 ft. Late purple" IRIS xiphioides end of Iris season. Flowers resemble Sun June, 49 /. Anglica I. Kaempferi, though smaller, the type being purplish violet. Foliage grass- like. Light well-drained soil enriched. July It is well to put sand about the bulb. Pyrenees. There are white, lavender, deep blue, reddish purple, and striped vars. Mont Blanc is a pretty white form. "Pur- VARIE- Lamium See page 136. Mid. plish" GATED maculatum May 45 NETTLE L. purpureum to late (Hort.) J^y "Purple" near BLACK PEA OR BITTER Lathyrus niger Of the Pea order. Not a climber. Small flowers in clusters of 6 or 8. I -2 ft. Shade June, July 37&40 VETCH Orobus niger Compound leaves, pale green, or when dry, black. Good ground cover for border. Prop, by seed and division. Any soil. Central Europe. "Lilac" 47 light KENIL- WORTH IVY, Linaria Cymbalaria Tender perennial ivy-like creeper, killed by frost, which perpetuates itself by seed. Flowers small, foliage 4 in. Half shade June to Sept. MOTHER- OF-THOU- pretty. Useful to trail over walls and in odd corners. Protect slightly in SANDS winter. Prop- by seed and division. Moist soil. There is a pretty white var. Europe. "Purple" bet. TALL BLUE- FLOWERED **Luplnus polyph^llus Pea-shaped flowers in long spikes rise above the handsome clump of >5ft, Sun June, July 47&4S PERENNIAL L. grandi- satiny palmate leaves. Good old- LUPINE fldrus fashioned border plant. Prop, by seed and division. Any garden soil. Cal. 242 FLEUR-DE-LIS. Iris Germanica. 243- 244 SIBERIAN FLAG. Iris Sibirica. PURPLE TO LILAC JUNE Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Pur- SLENDER- L^thrum Flowers borne in threes, forming 2-3 ft. June, plish" BRANCHED virgatum loose racemes on long leafy stems. Sun July near PURPLE Shrubbery or border. Prop, by divi- 29 duller LOOSE- sion. Any good garden soil. Europe; STRIFE Asia. "Violet" SHARP- *Pentstemon Erect glaucous plant. Flowers lilac, 1-2 ft. June, 44 pinker LEAVED acuminatus changing to violet, in slender inter- Sun early BEARD- rupted panicles on leafy stems. Bor- July TONGUE der. Prop, by seed and division. Any good garden soil. S. Western U. S. A. "Light purple" 47 DIFFUSE PENTSTE- MONOR **Pentstemon diffusus Half shrubby plant. Tube-shaped flowers in showy open spikes. Winter protection of leaves advisable. Ex- 1-2 ft. Sun Early June to BEARD- TONGUE cellent border plant. Prop, by seed and division. Any soil. N. Western early July Amer "Lilac SLENDER *Pentstemon See page 136. Late purple" BEARD- gracilis May to 45 TONGUE early July "Rosy OVAL- Pentstemon See page 136. Late purple" LEAVED ovatus May 47 PENTSTE- P. glaucus to late MON June "Pale DOWNY *Pentstemon See page 136. Late violet" PENTSTE- pube*scens May to 47, edge MON mid. I white July "Laven- ONE-SIDED **Pentstemon Numerous tubular flowers, opening 12-18 in. June, der" PENTSTE- secundiflbrus broadly, in a long florescence. Long Sun July 44 MON OR and narrow grayish foliage. One of BEARD- the showiest Pentstemons. Effective TONGUE in border or rock-garden. Protect in winter. Prop, by seed and division. Any soil. Col. "Deep violet" VIOLET PRAIRIE CLOVER Petalostemon violaceus Kuhnistera Broad bushy plant bearing many showy flower-spikes. Foliage finely divided. Plant in rock-garden or i ^3 ft. Sun June until frost purpurea border. Prop, by seed and cuttings. Any light soil. Ind. to Tex. "Bluish AMERICAN **Polem6- See page 139. Mid. purple" 44&50 JACOB'S LADDER, CHARITY nium caeruleum May to July "Pur- EAR- *Primula See page 139. May, plish" LEAVED auriculata June 43 light PRIMROSE P. longi folia "Deep ROUND- *Primula See page 139. May, blue- HEADED capitata early purple" HIMA- June LAYAN PRIMROSE "Pale TOOTH- *Prfmula See page 139. ti purple" LEAVED denticulata 43 to PRIMROSE white 245 PURPLE TO LILAC JUNE Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Dark KASHMIR *Prfmula See page 139. May, purple" TOOTH- denticulata early 44 deeper LEAVED PRIMROSE var. Cachemiriana June P. Cacb- meriana "Lilac BIRD'S-EYE *Primula See page 139. M purple" PRIMROSE farinbsa 43 pale "Pur- JAPANESE **Primula See page 139 and Plate, page 247. Late plish" PRIMROSE Japonica May to near 30 Aug. deeper to white "Violet ROSETTE *Ram6nda See page 139. Mid. purple" MULLEIN Pyrenaica May to 52 more Ramdndia July violet Pyrenaica "Purple" ROSEMARY, *Rosmarinus Tender aromatic sub-shrub. Small 2-4 ft. June, 44 bluer OLD MAN officinalis flowers in short racemes. Leaves of Sun July culinary and medicinal value. Often seen in old-fashioned borders. Pro- tect in winter. Prop, by seed, cut- tings or layers. Dry light soil. Med- iterranean Region. "Bluish TWO- Salvia See page 140. Late violet" COLORED tricolor May, 44 SAGE June "Blue VERVAIN Salvia Flowers occasionally whitish. Bor- 2-3 ft. June, purple" SAGE Verbenacea der. Prop, by seed, Rich soil. Great Sun July 44 deep S. spelmina, Britain; Asia. S. Spilmanni "Bluish SMALL OR Scabidsa Branching plant with flowers in I -2 ft.' June purple" LILAC- Columbaria globular heads, i£ in. wide. Good Sun to Oct. near 50 FLOWERED for cutting. Plant in picking gar- SCABIOUS - den. Prop, by seed and division. Any garden soil. Europe. "Lilac" LILAC *Scffla . See page 140. May, 43 WOOD festalis var. early HYACINTH lilacina June "Purple" WIDOW'S Sedum Wild on rocks. Pretty trailing 3-6 in. June, 43 deep CROSS, BEAUTIFUL pulchellum species. Flowers small and closely packed on many branches. Tiny suc- Sun July STONE- culent leaves turning reddish or pur- CROP plish. Carpeting for border or rock- garden. Prop, by seed or offsets. Any ordinary soil. U. S. A. "Pinkish CUSHION *Silene Mossy dwarf herb with small flow- 2 in. a purple" 43 PINK, MOSS CAMPION acaulis ers just peeping out from a dense mass of pale green foliage. Rock-garden. Sun : Prop, by seed and division. Sandy ,: loam. Europe. "Rich LARGE- Sisyrinchium See page 140. May, purple" FLOWERED BLUE-EYED grandiflorum 5. Douglasii June GRASS 246 JAPANESE PRIMROSE. Primula Japonica. 247 248 WOOD BETONY. Stachys Betonica. PURPLE TO LILAC JUNE Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Heght and Situation Time of Bloom "Purple WOOD Stachys Flowers in showy spikes. Prettily I-2*ft. Late red" BETONY Betdnica shaped dark green leaves. Border or Sun June, 41 Betdnica wild garden. Prop, by seed and divi- July officindlis sion. Moist soil preferable. Europe; Asia Minor. See Plate, page 248. "Violet" LARGE- *Stachys Large flowers in whorls, occasion- i-i*ft. Mid. often 45 FLOWERED WOUND- grandiflora Betdnica ally pinkish. Broad heart-shaped leaves. Good in border. Prop, by Sun June to late WORT rosea seed and division. Ordinary garden July soil. Asia Minor. "Purple" WOOLLY Stachys Effective plant. Flowers in thick i-i^ft. M near 37 WOUND- lanata showy interrupted spikes. Foliage Sun WORT silvery and woolly, in low tufts. Bor- der or as edging. Prop, by seed and division. Ordinary soil. Tauria to Persia. "Lilac" 43 MOTHER OF THYME, Thymus Serp^llum Creeping evergreen. Tiny flowers in whorls. Aromatic leaves, slightly 3-4 in. Sun Mid. June CREEPING downy, in dense masses. Good in to THYME rock-garden for covering arid ground, mid. or as an edging. Prop, by division. Aug. Flourishes in poor soil. " Europe; Asia; N. Africa. Among the most desirable forms are: var. argenteus, bright green foli- "Pale COMMON Thymus age slightly streaked with silver. Var. aureus, golden leaves, especially beau- tiful in spring. Var. citriodorous, Lemon Thyme, 2-3 in. high, very small leaves, lemon-like fragrance. Var. lanuginosus, downy gray foliage. Effective for compact carpeting. Aromatic herb of dense growth val- 1-2 in. June, lilac" GARDEN vulgaris ued in cookery. Small flowers in ter- Sun July 37 THYME minal spikes. Bright pale green foli- age. Attractive as carpeting for banks, rock-garden or border. Prop. by seed and division Any soil. Europe. "Pur- COMMON *Tradescantia See page 140. Late plish" 44, SPIDER- Virginiana May 48 or 49 WORT T. Virginica to late Aug. "Purple" LONG- Trfllium See page 140. May, 46 LEAF- petiolatum early STALKED June TRILLIUM ; large beautifully shaped bright green leaves which are longer than in A. mollis. Looks well in the border or rock-garden. Protect in winter. Prop. by seed or division in spring or fall. Light well-drained loam. S. Europe. Various FAN- SHAPED COLUMBINE *Aquilegia aabellata Compact growing species with showy purple, bright lilac or white flowers. Spurs short and incurved. i-i^ft. Sun June Handsome foliage. Prop, by seed. It prefers a light well-drained but moist loam. Japan. See Plate, page 260. White to DOUBLE- *Aquilegia See page 1 56. - Mid. 48 duller FLOWERED vulgaris May to EUROPEAN var. July COLUMBINE fl6re-pleno Usually WILD Asarum Creeping plant with curious flow- 3-9 in. Late '21 or 2 GINGER, Canade*nse ers, chocolate brown, greenish purple, Sun or June CANADA or yellow, borne close to the ground shade to SNAKEROOT and hidden by cyclamen-like leaves. early Good under trees and easily culti- Aug. vated in rich moist soil. Woods, Eastern U. S. A. 36, 39, CANTER- * * C a rn p dnula An old favorite. Biennial plant of i*-4ft. Late 47, 48, BURY Medium erect bushy habit bears spreading Sun June, 43, 45 BELLS racemes of large bell-shaped flowers, July etc. contracted at the mouth, in shades of blue, purple or white and single or double. Border. Protect in winter. Prop, by seed which can be sown in- doors. The plants set out in May will then flower the first year. Rich well- drained loam. S. Europe. See Plate, page 265. Var. calycantbema, commonly called Cup and Saucer or Hose and Hose. This form is the most frequently cul- tivated. The calyx is colored like the flower giving a cup-and-saucer effect. Blooms in July. Tiort. 48, or NOBLE """Campanula Nodding spotted flowers 3 in. long, 2 it. Mid. white BELL- nobilis reddish violet, cream-colored or white, Sun June spotted FLOWER are crowded near the ends of the to with 45 branchlets. Broad foliage. Very Aug. handsome in border with good back- ground. Prop, by seed and division. Rich well-drained loam. China. 36, 31, RED **Chrysan- Charming flowers like large Daisies, I -2 ft. June, 27| 32 CHRYSAN- themum which vary from carmine through Sun July THEMUM coccmeum pink to white. Feathery foliage. A Pyrltbrum profuse bloomer. The old flowers hybridum, should be cut off. Good for picking. P. rdseum Very attractive in clumps or masses in the border. Prop, by division. 264 CANTERBURY BELLS. Campanula Medium. VARIOUS JUNE Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom Any good well enriched garden soil. There are many double and single vars. Caucasus. 62, 57 CHINESE **Delphinium A lovely slender-stemmed bushy I -2 ft. June, LARKSPUR grandifldrum species. Numerous long-spurred flow- Sun July var. ers deep or light blue or white. Lower Chine'nse petals and spur sometimes violet and upper petals yellow. Pretty, deeply divided leaves. Charming in masses. If the plant is cut back after flowering it will bloom again. Prop, by seed, division and cuttings. Deep friable or sandy soil, well enriched. China. 33, 34, 35, etc. SWEET WILLIAM **Didnthus barbatus Vigorous quickly spreading plant which blooms profusely. Flowers in 10-18 in. Sun <« flat-topped clusters, pink, white, red and parti-colored. Single and double vars. Good for cutting. Single dark vars. are prettiest. An old garden favorite. Pr°P- by seed. Any soil. Central and S. Europe. See Plate, page 266. Usually COMMON **Digitalis Usually a biennial plant but often 2-3 ft. June, bet. FOXGLOVE purpiirea self-perpetuating. Tubular flowers Sun or early 32& 39 D. tomentosa varying from deep purplish pink to white, often prettily spotted, droop from tall flower stalks. Foliage in half shade July clumps at the base. The white is by far the prettiest kind. Very effective in clumps among shrubs in the wild garden or border, or naturalized in masses. If cut down it will keep on flowering somewhat through the sum- mer. Prop, by seed. Rich light soil preferable. Europe. See Plates, pages 1 66 and 176. **Var. gloxinia flora, (D. gloxinoides, D. gloxiniaftora). A robust var. larger in every way than the type. Hort. The trade offers var. alba which is not spotted. Some- VIRGINIA Hydroph^l- See page 156. Mid. times WATER- lum May to 43 dull LEAF Virginicum July Various GERMAN **Iris See page 1 56. Late FLAG, Germanica May, FLEUR- vars. June DE-LIS Various JAPANESE **Iris One of our most beautiful and ef- 2-3 ft. June, IRIS laevigata fective plants which forms vigorous Sun July /. Kiempferi clumps. Flowers large and flat, some- times 10 in. across, ranging in color from white to deep blue and plum color, sometimes mottled or deeply veined. Narrow erect leaves. Beau- tiful in masses beside water or in the. border. Water freely during flower- 267 VARIOUS JUNE Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom ing season. Easily cultivated. Prop. by seed or division. Any good soil, enriched with well-rotted manure. Some of the best vars. are: Kagarabi; (white shaded with color no. 41), Kyodai-san, Kigan-no-misao, Kaku yako-ro Shippo, Samidare, Tora-odori, Oyo-do, Kumo-no-isho, Geisbo-in, Mana-dsuru, white with golden centre. East Siberia; Japan. See Plate, page 269. Bet. BITTER- Lewisia Peculiar plant allied to Portulaca. 2-4 in. June, 38& 44 or white ROOT, SPATULUM rediviva Flowers, varying from deep rose to white, 1-2 in. across, rise from a tuft Sun July of succulent leaves. Plant shrivels after flowering but is not dead. Prop. by seed and spring division. Moist well-drained soil. Mts. Western U. S. A. 1 spotted WILD **Lilium Well known native species found in i -4 ft. M brown, YELLOW OR Canade*nse moist meadows and bogs. Spotted Sun or 11 to 14 CANADA flowers with reflexed petals, varying half LILY from yellow to red, droop in a circle shade and surmount the graceful stems around which the leaves grow in whorls. Easy to cultivate. Charm- ing scattered among shrubs, massed in border or to naturalize. Bulbous. Prop, by offsets or scales. Light well- drained soil. Avoid direct contact with manure. Eastern N. Amer. Often 32 TURK'S CAP *Lflium Vigorous and picturesque species 2*-5 ft. June deeper OR MARTAGON Martagon L. Dalmdti- with turban-shaped fragrant flowers in lax racemes, varying in color from Sun LILY cum white to purplish red. Foliage decora- tive. Mass against high background in border. Bulbous. Prop, by off- sets, scales or very slowly by seed. Any light soil. Avoid direct contact with manure. Europe; Asia. Often 33 MULLEIN *L?chnis Woolly plant with striking mullein- I -2$ ft. June, brilliant PINK, Coronaria like foliage. Flowers i£ in. wide, Sun July DUSTY Agrostemma varying from white to rich crimson, MILLER, ROSE Coronaria, Coronaria form a striking contrast to the pale silvery leaves below. Effective in CAMPION tomentbsa rock-garden or border. Prop, by seed. Any soil. Europe; Asia. Various HERBA- **Pse6nia Peonies are perhaps the most beau- 3-4 ft- [une CEOUS PEONY vars. tiful of perennials. The following is a carefully chosen list of some of the Sun or half best hort. vars. in the market, double shade or semi-double excepting in the Jap- anese vars. The flowers are large and handsome and the foliage effective. Beautiful plants for the border and especially striking for distant effects, 268 JAPANESE IRIS. Iris lavagata. 269 OF ""HE UNIVERSITY OF 270 VARIOUS JUNE Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom edging walks, beds of shrubs, etc. A half shady position is desirable. Usu- ally prop, by division in early autumn. Gross feeders, they like a deep moist loam enriched with cow manure. See Plate, page 270. White vars.— **Duke of Wellington; a strong grower with large fragrant sulphur white blossoms. Duchesse de Nemours; one of the best white Peonies, cup-shaped flowers, sulphur white with greenish reflections fading to pure white. Festiva alba; large cup-shaped flowers, glossy and cream white with a few carmine spots. A dwarf var. ** Festiva maxima; an early and very free bloomer. Flowers enormous, snow-white, with a few purplish carmine spots in centre. One of the best and most vigorous of Peo- nies. **Marie Lemoine; large convex bloom, ivory white petals lightly edged with pink. One of the best late bloomers. Queen Victoria; large full blossom, cream white, centre petals tipped with red blotches. Excellent for cutting. Yellow vars. — **Solfaterre; sulphur yellow; a good kind. Red vars. — **Edouard Andre; vig- orous plant with large round flowers, deep crimson shaded black with a metallic lustre. General Jacqueminot; fragrant, color of the Jacqueminot Rose. ** Richard son's Rubra superba; brilliant deep crimson; the latest of all Peonies to bloom but fragrant and lasting long. Pink vars. — Edward Crousse; large rather bright pink flowers, slightly lilac tinted. Alexander Dumas; bril- liant pink interspersed with white, salmon and creamy buff. Beranger; mauve pink, broad cup-shaped flow- ers. Duchesse de Nemours; very large and fragrant, bright clear violet pink, with lilac tinted centre. One of the earliest to flower, and especially good for cutting. Humea alba; scarce var., each blossom having several shades of pink. Jennie Lind; clear rose pink, fragrant and long lasting. Richardson's Dorchester; large deli- cate flesh pink flowers which are late blooming. Souvenir d' Exposition Uni- verselle; clear cherry pink; large, fragrant and enduring. Parti-colored vars. — ** Golden Har- vest; large fragrant tricolor flowers, 271 VARIOUS JUNE Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom guard petals and centre blush pink, collar pinkish white and a few petals tipped and striped with light crimson; general effect creamy pink. **Marie Lemoine; early and fragrant, delicate China pink shading to ivory white at the tips. Marguerite Gerard; im- mense flowers, flesh color fading to creamy white with petals spotted with carmine purple. Marie Stuart; anem- one-shaped flower, with a ring of bright clear pink petals and centre of sulphur white. Single Japanese vars. — These are very charming. **0pbir; dark car- mine. ** Vesta; purplish red. ** Crystal. ** Diana; blush pink with creamy white centre. **Nep- {une; shell pink. *Topa%; deep rose, shading lighter at the margin. Various WHITE **Pa6nia See page 159. Late FLOWERED albifl6ra vars. May to PEONY mid. June Various TREE Pabnia See page 1 59 Mid. PEONY Mout£n May to P. arborea mid. June Often 33 COMMON **Pae&nia See page 1 59. M redder GARDEN officinalis PEONY vars. Various LARGE JAPANESE PETASITES Petasites Japdnica var. gigantea Large composite flowers, purple va- rying to white, in clusters. Round felt-like leaves with wrinkled mar- 6ft. Sun June, July gins, 3^-4 ft. broad. Stalk and buds edible. Good for subtropical effects. Sachaline Islands. Various EARLY OR *Phl6x Some good early vars. are: Arnold I -2 ft. M SUMMER- glabe"rrima Turner; white with red centre. Sun FLOWER- var. Beauty of Mindon; white rose tinted. ING PHLOX suffruticbsa Burns; rosy purple. Circle; pinkish white with deeper centre. Modesty; lilac pink, large flowers. Miss Lin- gard; (centre color no. 43 deep), white with a faint pinkish eye. A good var. Various WILD *Phlox Resembles P. paniculata, but is not 1-2* ft- M SWEET maculata so much cultivated. Fragrant flow- Sun WILLIAM ers, comparatively small, varying from purplish to white, in compact oval clusters. Leaves thick and smooth. Pretty in border. Prop, by seed, divi- sion and cuttings. Moist rich soil. Penn. S. and W. Various DOWNY *Phl6x pil&sa See page 160. May, PHLOX P, aristata June 272 VARIOUS JUNE Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom Often SAGE Salvia Popular sub-shrub. Flowers in I -2 ft. June, bet. officinalis whorls vary in size and in color from Sun early 46&47 purple and blue to white. Leaves July whitish and rather downv. S. Europe. Var. tenuior, flowers blue; used as kitchen herb. Mediterranean Region. Often 39 or 38 EGYPTIAN OR *Scabi6sa arve*nsis Straggling plant. Flowers in con- vex heads, pink lilac or blue, about I -2$ ft. Half Early June GYPSIES' 5. vari a i £ in. wide. Good for cutting. Foli- shade to ROSE age insignificant. Reserve garden. Prop, by seed and division. Fairly good garden soil. Europe. mid. Aug. Various COMMON *Scflla See page 160. May, BLUEBELL festalis early of England, S. nutans, June WOOD S. nonscripta, HYACINTH S. cernua Various SPANISH **Scilla See page 160. Late SQUILL OR Hispanica May, JACINTH, 5. campanu- June BELL- lata, FLOWERED S. pdtula SQUILL Often mixed or DARWIN TULIP **Tulipa "Darwin" See page 163. Late May to 39, 25, or early 3 & green, June etc. Various COMMON GARDEN **Tiilipa Gesneriana See page 164. Mid. May to OR LATE vars. early TULIP June 25, 42 PURPLE *Verbascum Distinct and valuable species. Flow- 2-3 ft. June, lighter, white MULLEIN phoeniceum y . ferrugi- ers, varying from purplish to pinkish, open best in wet weather. Leaves Shade July neum green, scarcely downy. Border. Prop, by seed. Any garden soil. S. Europe; Asia. Various PANSY, **VJola See page 68. Mid. HEARTS- tricolor Apr. to EASE mid. Sept. 273 JULY WHITE TO GREENISH Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "White" SNEEZE- Achillea See page 167. June WORT Ptannica to mid. Sept. "White" DOUBLE **Achillea See page 167 and Plate, page 276. June SNEEZE- Ptannica var. to Oct. WORT "The Pearl" "White" SIBERIAN *Achillea Large flowers in dense clusters on I i-2 ft. July to MILFOIL ORSibirica stiffly erect stems. Useful for cutting. Sun Oct. YARROW A. Mongoltca.i Good border plant. Prop, generally A. ptarmi- by division, also by seed, and cuttings coides in spring. Dry soil. Siberia. "Nearly WHITE **Aconitum Effective plant. Large and showy 3-4 ft. Mid. white" MONKS- HOOD OR Napellus var. album helmet-shaped flowers in racemes on erect stems. Handsome deeply divid- Sun or shade July to early OFFICINAL A. Tauricum ed leaves. Roots and flowers poi- Sept. ACONITE var. album, A. sonous. Good for border and for rocky pyramid ale banks. Prop, by division. Rich soil var. album preferable. Europe; Asia; N. Amer. "White" WHITE *Aden6phora Very similar to the Campanula. 2-3 ft. July, POTAN- Potannini Shrubby plant with spikes of droop- Sun Aug. NINPS var. alba ing bell-shaped flowers. Border plant. GLAND Should not be disturbed when estab- BELL- FLOWER lished. Prop, by seed or cuttings in spring. Rich loam, well-drained. Turkestan. "White" NARCISSUS- Anem&ne See page 71. May to 39 under FLOWERED narcissifldra Aug. petals ANEMONE A. umbellata "White" CANADA *Anem6ne See page 71. Mid. ANEMONE Pennsylva- May to nica early A. Canaden- July sis, A. dicbotoma "Cream SNOWDROP **Anem6ne See page 1 1. Late white" WIND- sylve"stris Apr. to tinged FLOWER mid. with 39 July "Green- TALL OR Anemdne See page 167. June, ish VIRGINIAN Virginiana July white" ANEMONE "White" ST. BER- *Anthe*ricum Small lily-like flowers in loose ra- 2-3 ft. Mid. NARD'S LILY Liliago cemes. Grass-like foliage springs from the root. Needs winter protection. Sun July to early Charming in the border. Bulbous. Aug. Prop, by seed, division of the root, and by stolons. S. Europe. 274 275 276 DOUBLE SNEEZE- WORT. Achillea Ptarmica var. " The Pearl" WHITE TO GREENISH JULY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "White" ST. BRUNO'S *Anthe*ricum See page 72. Late LILY LiMstrum May to Paradlsea L. early July "White" LARGE- Arenaria Alpine plant. Flowers in loose 6-10 in. July FLOWERED SANDWORT graminifdlia A. procera downy panicles. Long grass-like leaves, rough-edged. Very desirable Sun for rock-garden. Prop, by seed, divi- sion or cuttings. Any garden soil. . Caucasus. "White" GALIUM- LIKE Aspe"rula Galioides See page 168. June, July WOODRUFF • "White" BRANCHING *Asph6delus See page 168. it ASPHODEL albus "White" BOUQUET *Aster Dwarf early-blooming species, flow- i8in. July. STAR- FLOWER, YARROW- ptarmicoides Chrysopsis alba ering in profusion. Good for cutting and for the border. Prop, by seed and division. U. S. A. Sun Aug. LEAVED STARWORT "White" SMALL *Aster See page 168. June, WHITE vimineus July ASTER "Creamy FALSE **Astilbe See page 168. Early white" GOAT'S decandra . June to BEARD A. b item at a early July "White" JAPANESE **Astffl>e See page 168. Mid. FALSE Japonica June GOAT'S Hoteia /., to mid. BEARD H. barbata, July Spiraea J. "White" LARGE *Baptisia See page 171. Early WHITE leucantha June WILD to mid. INDIGO fuly "Pinkish white" PLUME POPPY **Bocc6nia cordata B. Japonica Striking and picturesque plant. Small flowers in plume-like panicles, borne well above the handsome large- 5-8 ft. Sun Early fuly to early leaved dull-green foliage. Wild gar- Aug. den or shrubbery; for subtropical effects. Apt to prove troublesome in border. Prop, by seed or suckers. Rich soil is best. China; Japan. "White" ALLIARA- LEAVED *Campanula alliariaefolia Vigorous plant. Bell-shaped flow- ers droop generally on one side of the I*-2ft. Sun July BELL- FLOWER C. lamiifolia, C. macro- stem. Large heart-shaped hairy leaves. Pretty in the border. Prop. pbylla by seed, division or cuttings. Rich loam well-drained. Caucasus. "White" WHITE CARPA- **Campinula Carpatica See page 171. Late [une THIAN var. alba :o late HAIRBELL Aug. 277 WHITE TO GREENISH JULY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "White" WHITE **Campdnula More dwarf and compact than the 6-12 in. July. TURBAN Carp£tica var. type with larger flowers, 1^-2 in. Sun Aug. BELL- turbinata across, solitary on erect stems. Gray- FLOWER alba ish leaves. Charming for rock-gar- C. turbinata den or border. Prop, by seed, divi- var. dlba sion or cuttings. Rich loam, well- drained. Hort. "White" MILK- WHITE ^Campanula lactifldra Erect branching plant of stiff habit. Panicles of milky-white flowers tinged 2*-6 ft. Sun or <{ BELL- with blue. Good in border. Prop, by shade FLOWER seed, division or cuttings. Rich loam, well-drained.- Caucasus. "White" WHITE """Campanula See page 171. Early PEACH- persicifdlia June LEAVED var. alba to BELL- early FLOWER July "White" BACK- **Campanula See page 171. June, HOUSE'S persicifolia July PEACH- var. LEAVED Backhouse! BELL- FLOWER "White" MOER- **Campanula See page 171. N HEIM'S persicifdlia PEACH- var. LEAVED Moerheimi BELL- FLOWER "White" SPOTTED ^Campanula See page 171 and Plate, page 279. June BELL- punctata to late FLOWER July "White", WHITE CHIMNEY- *Camp£nula pyramidalis Striking plant. Numerous open bell-shaped flowers close to the stem, 4-6 ft. Sun July, Aug. PLANT OR var. alba in pyramidal racemes. Best treated STEEPLE as biennial. Effective in the border or BELLS in isolated groups. Protect in winter. Prop, by seed, division or cuttings. Rich loam, well-drained. Europe. "White" WHITE *Camp£nula See page 171. June BLUE rotundifdlia to BELLS OF var. alba Sept. SCOTLAND "White" WHITE **Centaurea See page 75. Late MOUNTAIN montana May to BLUET OR var. alba early KNAPWEED July "White" WHITE Centrfinthus See page 172. June, JUPITER'S ruber July BEARD var. albus "Cream TARTARIAN *Cephalaria Rather like C. alpina in habit. 6ft. Early white" CEPHALA- Tatarica Scabious-like flowers. Good for the Sun July to RIA back of border. Prop, by seed and Sept. division. Any soil. Europe; Asia; Africa. 278 279 280 WHITE TO GREENISH JULY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "White" BIEBER- Cer£stium See page 172. June, STEIN'S Biebersteinii July MOUSE-EAR CHICK- WEED "Cream WHITE *Chel6ne Pentstemon-like flowers, often rose- 1-2* ft. July. white" SMOOTH glabra tinted, in spikes terminate leafy Half Aug. TURTLE C. obllqua stalks. Good in border. Prop, by shade HEAD var. alba seed, division in the spring, or by cut- tings. Rich garden soil. Hort. "White" DR. JAMES'S Chionophila See page 172. June, SNOW- Jamesii July FLOWER "White" LARGE- **Chrysan- See page 172. it FLOWERED themun WHITE- maximum WEED "White" SHASTA *Chrys£n- Seepage 173. June DAISY themum J to "Shasta Daisy" Sept. "White" TURFING DAISY *Chrys£n- themum See page 173. June, July Tchihaichewii j *j "Creamy white" BLACK SNAKEROOT *Cimicifuga racemosa C. serpentaria Long feathery spike-like racemes of flowers disagreeable in odor, are borne high above the handsome dark foliage. Effective against a dark background, 3-8 ft. Sun or shade July, early Aug. in a moist shady corner. Prop, by seed and division. Any soil. See Plate, page 280. Var. dissecta, foliage more deeply divided. N. Amer. *Cimicifuga fatida var. simplex, (C. simplex) is also grown and is said to be "tall and handsome," having a "fine dense raceme." Kamtschatka. "White" WHITE **Cle*matis See page 173. Early HERBA- re*cta June CEOUS C. erecta to VIRGIN'S mid. BOWER July "White" RAMONDIA- Condndron See page 173. Tune LIKE ramondioides j UAJVy fuly CONAN- j j DRON "White" HEART- *Crambe See page 173. „ LEAVED cordif&lia COLEWORT "White" MOSQUITO Cyn&nchum Rather ungraceful plant, noted for I -2 ft. July OR CRUEL - acuminati- its clusters of small flowers in which Sun PLANT folium insects are trapped. Foliage rather yincetoxicum large, grayish underneath. Wild gar- acuminatum, den. Prop, by seed. Any soil. Japan. y. Japoni- cum - - 281 WHITE TO GREENISH JULY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "White" DAHLIA **Dahlia See color "various," page 359. July vars. to late Oct. "White" WHITE *Delphmium Racemes of flowers, good for cut- 2-3 ft. July CAROLINA Carolinianum ting. Second bloom possible if first Sun LARKSPUR var. album flowers are cut off. Deeply divided D. Carolini- foliage.. Attractive in border. Prop. anum var. in spring or autumn by seed, division dlbidum or cuttings. Transplant every 3 or 4 years. Deep rich soil, sandy and loamy. U. S. A. "White" WHITE **Delphinium Very pretty var. with dense racemes 2-3 ft. July, LARGE- grandifl6rum of flowers good for cutting. Pretty Sun Aug. FLOWERED var. album foliage. Attractive in border. Prop. LARKSPUR in spring or autumn by seed, division or cuttings. Deep rich soil, sandy and loamy. Hort. "White" SAND PINK *Dianthus See page 174. Early arenarius June to early July "White" SPREADING *Dianthus See page 174. June, PINK squarrosus July "Cream white" DIAPENSIA Diape"nsia lapponica Shrubby evergreen. Solitary cup- like flowers on stalks densely sheathed 1-2 in. Sun July below with narrow leaves. Rock-gar- den. Prop, by division. Moist peaty sandy soil. N. Europe; N. Asia; N. Amer. "White" GAS PLANT, **Dictamnus See page 174. June, BURNING albus July BUSH, D. Fraxinella FRAXI- NFT T A Li X-/.L/ J-/.rl. j DITTANY "White" WHITE **Digitalis See page 174. June, FOXGLOVE purpurea early var. alba July D. tomentbsa var. a. "Pur- plish FULLER'S TEASEL Dipsacus Fullbnum See page 177. June, July white" "White" CYCLAMEN POPPY Eomecon chionantha Poppy-like flowers, 2-3 in. across, with bright yellow anthers, several I -2 ft. Sun July, Aug. flowers on the stem. Heart-shaped cyclamen-like leaves, bright yellowish green. Increases rapidly by running rootstocks. Border or rock-garden. Prop, by division. Moist soil. China. "White" WHITE *Epil6bium See page 177. June GREAT angustifdlium to WILLOW var. album early HERB OR E. spicatum Aug. FIRE WEED var. a. 282 WHITE TO GREENISH JULY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Green- MOTTLED Epipactis See page 177. June, ish SWAMP- Royleana July white" ORCHIS, E. gigantea FALSE LADY'S SLIPPER "White" HIMA- *EremUrus See page 177. N LAYAN Himalaicus EREMURUS "White" HORSE- Erigeron See page 177. June WEED, Canade~nsis to BUTTER- Sept. WEED "White" RATTLE- Er^ngium See page 177. June SNAKE- aquaticum to MASTER, E . yucccefo- Oct. BUTTON lium SNAKEROOT "White" WHITE SEA HOLLY *Eryngium planum Thistle-like plant. Large spiny leaves. Striking for subtropical effect I -2 ft. Sun July to mid. var. album in the border on account of its orna- Aug. mental foliage. Prop, by seed or divi- sion. Soil, light and sandy. Europe. "White" TALL THOROUGH- Eupatbrium altissimum Woolly branching plant. Flowers in dense flat heads, bloom profusely. 3-5 ft. Sun July, Aug. WORT OR Good for cutting. Effective in border. BONESET Prop, by seed and division. Any soil. S. Eastern U. S. A. "White" THOROUGH- WORT, BONESET, Eupat&rium perfoliatum Vigorous downy plant of disagree- able odor. Flowers in dense flat heads. Leaves wrinkled, of medicinal value. 3-5 ft- Sun it INDIAN Border. Prop, by seed and division. SAGE Any soil preferably moist. N. Amer. "White" FLOWERING Euphdrbia What appear to be small flowers, iHft. w SPURGE corollata though really tiny leaves, are borne in Sun profusion on branching stems. Much used for cutting. Border or reserve garden. Prop, by division or cuttings. Any light soil. Eastern U. S. A. "Pure SUBCOR- *Ftinkia Best Funkia. Fragrant lily-like i^ft. « white" DATE subcordata flowers in one-sided racemes, rise Shade DAY LILY F. alba, F. above the big clump of large hand- cordata, some foliage. Effective in border or F. Japonica, F. liliiftbra, along edge of shrubbery. Prop, by division. Rich soil. Japan. F. macrdntha "White" GALAX, COLTSFOOT, Galax aph^lla An evergreen grown chiefly for its foliage. Flowers in slender wands 6-9 in. Shade July WAND rise on leafless stems above a neat PLANT spreading clump of bright green leaves which turn to reddish bronze in win- ter. Foliage excellent for cutting. Desirable as carpeting in rock-garden, for bog-garden or for border of Rho- dodendrons. Prop, by division. Cool moist peaty loam. S. Eastern U. S. A. 283 WHITE TO GREENISH JULY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "White" WHITE *Galega See page 178. June, GOAT'S RUE officinalis July var. alba G. Persica "White" NORTHERN Galium See page 178. Early BEDSTRAW boreale Juneto G. septen- mid. tr ion ale July "White" WHITE OR Galium See page 178. Early GREAT Mollugo June HEDGE to late BEDSTRAW, Aug. WILD MADDER "White" SYLVAN BEDSTRAW *Galium Sylvaticum Myriads of tiny flowers in panicles on prostrate stems. Good for cutting, and with the mist-like effect of Gyp- iHft. Sun July. Aug sophila paniculata mingles well with other flowers. Good in border. Prop. by seed and division. Ordinary soil. S. Europe. "White" CAPE OR **Galt6nia Striking spikes of fragrant bell- 3-5 ft. N GIANT candicans shaped flowers, like large Snowdrops, Sun or SUMMER Hyacinthus rise above hyacinth-like foliage. Ex- half HYACINTH cdndicans cellent and effective in border with shade good background. Protect in very cold climates. Bulbous. Prop, by offsets or slowly by seed. Light rich soil. S. Africa. "White" WINTER- GREEN, CHECKER- Gaultheria procumbens Familiar creeping evergreen. Waxy flowers droop beneath glossy dark green foliage. Scarlet berries edible 4-6 in. Half shade (( BERRY, and fragrant. Beautiful for dense BOXBERRY carpeting in rock-garden. Prop, by seed, division, cuttings or layers. Soil rather moist, peaty or sandy. Eastern U. S. A. "White" WHITE *Geranium See page 77. -ate BLOOD sanguineum May to CRANES- var. album mid. BILL [uly "White" AMERICAN *Gillenia See page 178. lune, IPECAC stipulacea early Porterdnthus 'uly stipulacus "White" BOWMAN'S *GiUenia See page 178. « ROOT, trifoliate INDIAN Porterdnthus PHYSIC trifolidtus "White" SWORD **Gladiolus See color "various," page 365. uly to LILY vars. Oct. 284 WHITE TO GREENISH JULY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Green- RATTLE- Goodyera Dwarf Orchid. Flowers in dense 3 in. July, ish SNAKE pube"scens spikes rise from a tuft of foliage. Shade Aug. white" PLANTAIN Beautiful leaves, velvety green, deli- cately veined with silver. Rock- garden or for naturalization. Prop. by cutting, including a piece of root. Moist soil, peat and leaf-mold. N. Amer. "Pinkish white" POINTED- LEAVED CHALK- *Gypsdphila acutifdlia Resembles G. paniculata. Tiny flowers in spreading feathery panicles. Good for cutting. Scanty foliage. 3-4 ft. Sun Mid. July to late PLANT Border or rock-garden. Prop, by seed, Aug. division or cuttings. Fairly dry limy soil. Caucasus. "Pinkish white" CERAS- TIUM-LIKE *Gypsdphila cerastioides Downy creeping plant. Large flow- ers, red-veined, in clusters. Leaves 3-6 in. " Sun July CHALK- softly hairy on both surfaces. Desir- PLANT able in rock-garden. Prop, by seed, division or cuttings. Fairly dry lime- stone soil. Himalayas. "White" ELEGANT *Gypsdphila See page 178. June, CHALK- e"legans July PLANT "Pinkish white" BABY'S BREATH **Gyps6phila paniculata Dense spreading bush. Numerous tiny flowers in light feathery panicles; 2-3 ft. Sun July, Aug. delicate foliage. Good for cutting. Excellent in border or large rock- garden. Resists drought. Prop, by seed, division or cuttings. Fairly dry garden soil. Europe. Var. flore-pleno, flowers double. "White" STEVEN'S *Gyps6phila See page 178. [une, CHALK- Steveni early PLANT G. glauca [uly "White" UMBEL- Helianthe- See page 178. [une, FLOWERED mum [uly SUN ROSE umbellatum "Green- ish" HERNIARY, RUPTURE- Herniaria glabra Rapidly spreading plant of dense growth, forming a turfy mat with 2 in. Sun fuly, Aug. WORT clusters of small flowers. Foliage evergreen, reddish in winter. One of the best plants for carpeting in poor soil. Prop, by seed and division. Any soil. Europe; Asia. "White" DOUBLE *He*speris See page 179. une, WHITE matronalis uly SWEET var. ROCKET ilba plena "White" WHITE Heuchera See page 179. une CORAL angumea o late BELLS var. alba Sept. H. alba "Whit- HAIRY Hetichera See page 179. .ate ish" A.LUM villdsa une faintly 32 ROOT i. caulescent 0 Sept. 285 WHITE TO GREENISH JULY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Cream white" BROAD- LEAVED Hydrophyl- lum See page 179. June, July WATER- Canade*nse . LEAF "White" WHITE Lamium See page 81. Mid. VARIE- maculatum May GATED var. album to late NETTLE L. album July "White" GOLD- **Lilium Extremely showy. Flowers nearly 2-4 ft. Mid. BANDED auratum a foot wide, thickly dotted with pur- Sun or July to OR JAPAN ple and marked with central yellow half mid. LILY bands. Effective massed in border or shade Aug. scattered in Rhododendron bed. Plant deep in well-spaded peaty well-drained soil, and avoid direct contact with ma- nure. Short-lived bulb. Prop, by offsets, scales, or very slowly by seed. Japan. See Plate, page 287. "White" MADONNA **Lilium See page 180. June, LILY candidum July "White" GIANT LILY *Lilium giganteum A large imposing plant with fra- grant funnel-shaped flowers on gigan- tic stems well-clothed with large heart- 4-1 oft. Sun or half July. early Aug. shaped leaves. When conditions are shade right, not hard to grow. Prop, by scales or offsets. Light well-drained peaty soil. Avoid direct contact with manure. Himalayan Region. "White" COMMON *Lilium A profusion of fragrant waxy trum- 1-3 ft. « TRUMPET LILY longifldrum pet-shaped flowers, slightly drooping. Pretty in border or along edge of Sun or half shrubbery. Bulbous. Prop, by off- shade sets, scales, or very slowly by seed. Any light soil. Avoid direct contact with manure. Japan; China. Var. eximium (L. Harrisii, L. eximiurn), Bermuda or Easter Lily, has greater profusion of larger flow- ers and more leaves. "White" WALLICH'S *Lflium Rather hard to cultivate. Very 4-6 ft. July LILY Wallichianum large fragrant funnel-form flowers Half shading into green, grow horizontally shade on leafy stalks. Good in margin of shrubbery. Bulbous. Prop, by off- sets, scales, or very slowly by seed. Light rich soil. Avoid direct contact with manure. Himalayas. "White" WHITE *Linum See page 81. Mid. PERENNIAL pere"nne May to FLAX var. album Aug. "White" WHITE **Lupinus See page 180. June, MANY- polyphyllus July LEAVED var. albiflbrus LUPINE L. p. var. dl- bus, L. grandi- florus var. a. 286 GOLD-BANDED LILY. Lilium aurati 287 288 WHITE TO HITE TO GREENISH JULY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "White" DOUBLE *L^chnis Fragrant double flowers, larger I -2 ft. Mid. WHITE OR alba var. than Pinks, and opening in the even- Sun July to EVENING fldre-pleno ing. Grow in loose clusters. Common mid. CAMPION L. vespertlna var. fldre- in old-fashioned gardens. Prop, by seed, division or cuttings. Any soil. Sept. pleno Europe. "White" SINGLE & DOUBLE **L£chnis Chalcedonica See page 180 and Plate, page 288. June to WHITE vars. alba & early MALTESE alba plena Aug. CROSS "White" WHITE *L£chnis See page 180. June, MULLEIN coronaria July PINK OR var. alba DUSTY MILLER "White" SIEBOLD'S *L^chnis See page 180. H LYCHNIS coronata var. Sieboldii L. S., L. ful- gent var. S. "White" JAPANESE **Lysimachia See page 180. Mid. LOOSE- cle thro ides June STRIFE to late July "White" WHITE MUSK *Malva moschata Showy plant. Large single fragrant flowers 2 in. across in clusters. Foli- I -2 ft. Sun or July to early MALLOW var. alba age sweet-smelling. Good in the bor- der. Prop, by seed and division. Any shade Sept. soil. "White" DOUBLE *Matricaria See page 183. June SCENTLESS inoddra var. to CAMOMILE plenissima Sept. M. i. var. ligulosa, var. multiplex, M. grandifldra, Chrysanthe- mum i. var. fldre-pleno "Yellow- BALM Melissa See page 183. June ish officinalis to white" ', early Aug. "Whit- VARIE- Me"ntha See page 183. June, ish" GATED rotundif61ia ' July ROUND- var. variegata LEAVED MINT "White" with 25 MICHAUX'S BELL- FLOWER Michauxia campanu- loides Stately plant, similar to Campanula, with drooping purple-tinged flowers scattered along the stalks. Large 4-5 ft-" Sun July rough leaves. Good biennial for back- ground of border. Protect slightly in winter. Prop, by seed just ripe. Light rich soil. Levant. 289 WHITE TO GREENISH JULY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Dull WHITE *Monarda Rather coarse open flowers and in- 2-2 |ft. July white" WILD fistulosa conspicuous foliage. Striking in Sun BERGAMOT var. alba masses along banks or in wild places. Prop, by division; separate often in spring. Ordinary soil. N. Amer. "White" STEMLESS *(Enothera See page 82. Late turns to EVENING acaiilis CE. May to 36 PRIMROSE Taraxacifdlia Aug. "White" WHITE Onbnis Spreading plant of branching habit i-ijft. Mid. REST- arve*nsis covered with a mass of pea-shaped Sun July to HARROW var. alba flowers. Useful for banks and wild early O. spinosa var. alba parts of rock-garden. Prop, by seed and division. Any soil. Europe. Aug. "Silvery ORIENTAL **Papaver See page 184. Early white" POPPY orientale June to SILVER "Silver early QUEEN Queen" July "White" AMERICAN Parthe*nium See page 184. June FEVERFEW, iinlegrifolium to PRAIRIE Sept. DOCK "White" HARMALA Peganum See page 184. June, RUE Harmala July "White" FOXGLOVE **Pentstemon See page 187. Early BEARD- lasvigatus var. , June TONGUE Digitalis to mid. P. Digitalis July "White" PERENNIAL **Phl6x See color "various," page 370. July to PHLOX paniculata Oct. P. decussata "White" WHITE FALSE *Physostegia Virginiana Pretty but rather stiff in effect; grows in clumps. Tubular flowers in 1-3 ft. Sun Early July. DRAGON- var. alba dense racemes terminate leafy erect Aug. HEAD |P. Virginica stalks. Frequent division is necessary. var. alba Border or naturalization. Prop, by division in the spring. Any ordinary. soil, preferably moist and rich. Hort. "White" WHITE **Platyc6don See page 187 and Plate, page 288. June BALLOON grandiflorum to FLOWER var. ilbum Oct. Campanula g. var. a. Wablenbergia g. var. a. "White" WHITE *Primula See page 187. June, JAPANESE Japdnica July PRIMROSE var. alba "White" ROUND- Pfrola See page 187. ii LEAVED rotundifolia WINTER- (TRFFN VTl*.-I-/JC/i" | INDIAN LETTUCE "Green" PYRENEAN MIGNO- Reseda glauca See page 188. ii INETTE 290 WHITE TO GREENISH JULY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "White" RODGER'S BRONZE- LEAF Rodge*rsia podophylla See page 188. June, early July "White" PEARL- WORT Sagma subulata S. pUi/era, Spergula pili/era, S. subulata Tufted alpine evergreen, starred with numerous small flowers. Tiny leaves. Excellent for forming a velvety car- peting, especially in the shade on level soil. Prop, by division. Corsica. 4 in. Shade July, Aug. "White" SILVERY CLARY, SILVER- LEAVED SAGE *Salvia arge*ntea See page 188. June, early July "White" WHITE MEADOW SAGE *Salvia prat€nsis var. alba See page 188. « "White" WHITE SYLVAN SAGE Salvia sylve"stris var. alba Flowers in showy spikes. Oblong leaves. Border. Prop, by seed. Any soil. Europe. 3-3Ht. Sun July "Whit- ish" CANADIAN OR WILD BURNET Sanguisdrba Canade"nsis See page 188. Mid. June to late July "Green- ish" BURNET Sanguisorba minor Poterium Sanguisorba See page 188. Late June to mid. July "White" PYRAMIDAL COTYLEDON SAXIFRAGE *Saxifraga Cotyledon var. pyramidalis See page 188. June, July "White" WHITE CAUCASIAN SCABIOUS *Scabi6sa Caucasica var. alba See page 189. M "White" WHITE WOODLAND SCABIOUS *Scabi6sa sylvatica var. albiflbra See page 189. Early June to late Sept. "Cream white" WHITE STONECROP *Sedum album Pretty creeper. Starry flowers in clusters. Dense pulpy pale green foli- age. Good as carpeting for rock-gar- den or margin of border. Prop, pref- erably by division. Sandy soil. Europe; N. Asia. 4-6 in. Sun or half shade Mid. July to late Aug. "Pinkish white" SPANISH STONECROP Sedum Hispanicum Creeping plant. Starry flowers in clusters. Succulent leaves, very nar- row, grayish turning reddish. Good for carpeting. Prop, preferably by division. Sandy soil best. Europe. 3-4 in. Sun July "White" MONRE- GALENSIS STONECROP Sedum Monregale"nse 5. cruciatum See page 189. June, July 291 WHITE TO GREENISH JULY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "White" NEVIUS' STONECROP *Sedum Nevii Prostrate plant with erect flower stems. Rosettes of succulent ever- 3-5 in. Sun July green foliage. Excellent for edging, and for rock-garden. Prop, by divi- sion. Sandy soil. Eastern U. S. A. "Green- ish" ROSEROOT, ROSEWORT Sedum roseum See page 189.. June, July 5. Rhodwla "White" DOUBLE Silene See page 189. H SEASIDE maritima CATCHFLY var. flbre- pleno "White" GOAT'S BEARD **Spiraea Aruncus See page 190. June, early A. Sylvester July "Creamy ASTILBE- **Spirsea See page 190. M white" LIKE astilboides MEADOW S. Aruncus SWEET var. a. Aruncus a., Astllbe a., A. Japdnica "Cream white" KAMT- SCHATKAN *Spirsea Damtschatica Irregular flower-clusters crown erect stems and rise from a tuft of palmate 5-10 ft. Half July MEADOW S. gigantea, root leaves. Good in the border or shade SWEET Filipendula beside water. Prop, by seed and divi- Camtscbdtica, sion. Fairly rich moist soil. Kam- Ulmaria C. schatka. "Creamy FINGERED *Spirafea See page 190. Early white" SPHLEA digitata [uneto early fuly 'Yellow- DROPWORT *Spiraea See page 190. fune, ish Filipendula _ early white" F. bexapttala, luly Ulmaria F. "Muddy white" WHITE PALMATE- *Spirsea paimata See page 190 .ate une, LEAVED var. alba uly MEADOW SWEET "Cream ENGLISH *Spirsea See page 190. une, white" MEADOW Jlmaria uly SWEET, MEADOW Filipendula Ulmaria, QUEEN, Ulmaria . BONEY pentapetala, SWEET U. palustris "White" WHITE Stdtice Clusters of small flowers in spike- lift. uly, COMMON Limdniiim lets crown numerous slender branches. Sun Aug. SEA var. alba Leaves spring from the root. Rock- LAVENDER garden and border. Prop, by seed OR MARSH and division. Deep rich soil. Europe; ROSEMARY N. Asia. 292 WHITE, YELLOW JULY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "White" HOFMANN'S SYMPHY- ANDRA Symphyandra Hofmanni Branching plant somewhat resem- bling the Campanula. Large leafy clus- ters of drooping bell-shaped flowers varying to blue. Pretty in rock-gar- den or border. Prop, by seed, division I -2 ft. Half shade July or cuttings. Dry soil. Bosnia. "Creamy white" COMMON COMFREY Symphytum officinale See page 93. Late May to often 37 mid. July "White" FEATH- *Thalictrum See page 93. <{ ERED aquilegi- COLUMBINE fdlium "White" MOUNTAIN Th^mus See page 193. Early WILD Serpyllum June THYME var. montanus to mid. T. m., Aug. T. Cbamkdrys "White" WHITE Tradescdntia See page 94. Late SPIDER- Virginiana May WORT var. alba to late Aug. "Yellow- HUNGARIAN Triffclium See page 193. Late ish CLOVER Pannonicum June white" to mid. 2 July "White" WHITE **Ver6nica See page 193. Early SPIKE- spicata June, FLOWERED var. alba July SPEEDWELL "White" WHITE **VIola See page 23. Late HORNED cornuta Apr. VIOLET OR var. alba until BEDDING frost PANSY "Creamy ADAM'S **Ytkca See page 194. June, white" NEEDLE, filamentosa July 2 greener BEAR OR SILK GRASS, THREADY > YUCCA "Yellow" WOOLLY- *Achillea See page 96. • Late 5 LEAVED tomentdsa May to MILFOIL mid. Sept. "Pale EGYPTIAN Achillea Alpine plant. Flowers in small flat 12-18 in. July yellow" 4 MILFOIL OR YARROW Touraef6rtii A. /Egyptiaca clusters. Foliage silvery and fern- like. Excellent for covering dry bare places. Prop, by seed, division and Sun :o Oct. cuttings. Any garden soil. Greece. "Yellow" PYRENEAN Aconitum See page 194. fune, 4 pale MONKS- Anthbra fuly HOOD' A. Pyrenai- j cum 293 YELLOW JULY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Yellow" PALE *Aconitum Narrow helmet-shaped flowers, 3-4 ft. July to 2 YELLOW Lycdctonum sometimes whitish, in racemes. Foli- Sun or early WOLFSBANE A. barbatum, A. ochroleu- age deeply cut. Roots poisonous. Good border plant. Prop, by seed and half shade Sept. cum, division. Prefers rich soil. Europe; A. squarrosum Siberia. "Yellow" PIGMY Actinella See page 194. June, 4 SUN- grandiflora early FLOWER July "Yellow" 6 very DOTTED PICRA- Actinella scaposa Hairy alpine plant. Numerous as- ter-like flowers i in. across. Leaves 6-15 in. Sun July, Aug. deep DENIA Picradenia spring from root. % Good for rock-gar- scaposa den. Prop, by seed and division. Light soil. Col. s "Yellow" 6 lighter CROWN- BEARD *Actin6meris squarrosa Coarse branching plant bearing nu- merous daisy-like flowers with irreg- 4-8 ft. Sun Mid. July ular rays; several on the stem. Plant to late in wild garden or with shrubs. Prop. Aug. by division. U. S. A. "Yellow" PYRENEAN *Ad6nis Solitary showy and brilliant butter- i-i*ft. July 3 ADONIS Pyrenaica cup-like flowers. Foliage very finely Sun or divided. Adapted for rock-garden or half border. Prop, by seed and division. shade Any ordinary garden soil, rather moist. Pyrenees. "Yellow" SILVERY Al^ssum See page 194. June to 6 MADWORT arge"ntium early A. alpestre Aug. "Yellow" BEAKED Al^ssum See page 194. Early 4 MADWORT rostratum June to A. Wilri- early bickii Aug. "Yellow" GOLDEN *Anthemis See page 194. Mid. 5 MARGUE- Kelwayi June RITE A. tinctoria to Oct. var. Kelwayi. "Yellow" GOLDEN *Anthemis See page 96. Mid. 2, MARGUE- inctoria May to centre 6 RITE, ROCK Oct. CAMOMILE "Yellow" YELLOW *Aquilegia See page 24. Late 2 CANADIAN Canade"nsis Apr. to COLUMBINE var. flavifldra, early A. C. var. [uly flavescens, A. ccerulea var. f. "Yellow" GOLDEN- **Aquilegia See page 96. ^ate 3 & 2 SPURRED chrysantha Way COLUMBINE A. leptoceras o late var. c. Aug. "Orange yellow" MOUNTAIN TOBACCO *Arnica montana Large daisy-shaped flowers. Leaves broad and oval springing from the i ft. Sun uly, Aug. 4 OR SNUFF root or growing in pairs on the stalk. Rock-garden or border. Prop, by seed, or generally by division. Europe. 294 ELLOW JULY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom ' "Yellow" TRUE *Asphodeline See page 195. June, 4 ASPHODEL, lutea July KING'S Asphddelus SPEAR luteus "Yellow" YELLOW Astragalus See page 195. « 4 MILK alopecuroides VETCH "Yellow" CHINESE Astragalus See page 195. N MILK Chine'nsis VETCH "Yellow" GALEGA- LIKE MILK Astragalus galegif6rmis See page 195. Early June to VETCH early July "Yellow" WILLOW- *Bupthal- See page 195. June, 6 LEAVED mum July OX-EYE salicif&lium B. grandi- florum "Yellow" SHOWIEST *Bupthal- See page 195. « 6 OX-EYE mum speci- osissimum "Yellow" SHOWY *Bupthal- See page 195. M 5 OX-EYE mum speciosum fi. cordifolium "Yellow" ITALIAN CANNA **Canna vars. See color "various," page 357. July to late Sept. "Yellow" WILD *Cassia Handsome shrub-like plant. Nu- 3-5 ft. July, 6 SENNA Marylandica merous small clusters of flowers with Sun Aug. chocolate colored anthers. Orna- mental light green compound foliage. Prop, by seed and division. Easily cultivated even in poor soil. New Eng. and West. "Yellow" 5 BABYLO- NIAN CENTAURY Centaurfca Babyl6nica Picturesque strong-growing plant. Numerous globe-shaped flowers in spikes. Grown chiefly for the silvery 6-1 2 ft. Sun July foliage. Useful for back of border and margin of shrubbery. Prop, by seed. Sandy soil is best. Levant. "Yellow" BLUE- 5 LEAVED Centaurfca glastifolia Grows vigorously and is free-flow- ering. Silvery thistle-like flowers. 3-4 ft, Sun July, Aug. CENTAURY Border. Prop, by seed and division. OR STAR Easily cultivated in ordinary soil. THISTLE Caucasus. "Yellow" SHOWY **Centaurea The best and most showy Centau- 2H ft. Mid. 5 CENTAURY OR macro ce"phala rea. Very large round flowers. Ex- cellent foliage. Good for cutting. Sun July to Sept. KNAPWEED Effective in border or shrubbery. Prop, by seed. Armenia. "Yellow" LEMON- Centaurea See page 99. Late 1 & 21 COLOR montana var. May to light MOUNTAIN citrina early BLUET C. m. var. July sulpburea YELLOW JULY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Pale RUSSIAN ?entaurea Large thistle-like flowers. Dark 3-4 ft. July yellow" KNAPWEED Ruthlnica green ornamental leaves deeply divi- Sun ded. Good in border. Prop, by seed and division. Any garden soil. Orient. "Pale ALPINE "Cephalaria See page 196. Late yellow" CEPHA- alp in a [une 4 very LARIA to late pale [uly "Yellow" GOLD 2hrys6gonum See page 196. [une, 3 JOINT /irginianum Ny "Yellow" ERECT *Cle-matis A plant of erect somewhat bushy 1-2 ft. J^y. 3 SILKY ochroleuca habit. Solitary flowers. Silky foliage. Sun Aug. CLEMATIS C. sericea Pretty in border or rock-garden. Winter mulching desirable. Prop, by seed and cuttings. Rich deep soil. Eastern U. S. A. "Yellow" 6 paler LARKSPUR TICKSEED *Core6psis delphinifdlia Compact branching plant. Flow- ers have dark brown centres and 1-3 ft. Sun Mid. July to 6-10 yellow rays. Smooth foliage. mid. Good border plant. Prop, by seed. Sept. Easily cultivated in any soil. Dry woods, Va. to Ala. "Yellow" LARGE-' **Core6psis See page 196 and Plate, page 297. June 5 FLOWERED grandiflSra to TICKSEED Sept. "Yellow" LANCE- **Core6psis , See page 196 and Plate, page 298. (i 6 LEAVED lanceolata TICKSEED "Yellow" STIFF *Core6psis See page 196. June, 5 TICKSEED palmata J^y C. pracox "Yellow" 6 deeper STAR TICKSEED *Core6psis pube"scens C. auriculala Vigorous branching species, more leafy than C. delphinifolia. The flowers have yellow rays with a band ,-4 ft. Sun Mid. July to late of purplish brown encircling the brown or yellow disk. Thick rather glossy foliage. Good for wild garden or Sept. border. Prop, by seed. Easily culti- vated in any soil. Rich woods, Va. to 111. and La. "Yellow" 6 paler WHORLED TICKSEED *Core6psis verticillata A pretty species, showy and slightly branching. Small and pretty flowers i-3 ft. Sun July, Aug. C. ttnuifdlia 1-2 in. across, with yellow rays jagged at the tip, and dull yellow disks are borne erect on wiry stems. Foliage fine, feathery and dark. Good for the border. Prop by seed. Easily cultivated in any ordinary soil. Dry soil, Ontario to N. C. and Ark. "Yellow" DAHLIA **Dahlia vars. See color "various," page 359. July to late Oct. 297 298 YELLOW JULY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Yellow" ZALIL'S *Delphinium See page 196. June, 2 LARKSPUR Zalil J^y D. sulphii- reunt, D. bybridum •oar. s. "Yellow" YELLOW *Digitalis See page 197. Early 2 FOXGLOVE ambigua June D. grandi- to mid. flora, July D. ocbroleuca "Yellow" 2& 1 RUSTY FOXGLOVE *Digitalis ferruginea Biennial plant. Long dense racemes of rusty tubular flowers are borne on 4-6 ft. Sun or July D. aurea very leafy stalks. Border. Prop, by shade seed and division. Any rich light soil. S. Europe. "Cream color" WOOLLY FOXGLOVE *Digitalis lanata See page 197. Early June 2 to late July "Bright yellow" BUNGE'S EREMURUS *Eremurus Bungei See page 197. June, July 4. anthers 13 "Yellow" WOOLLY Eriophfllum See page 198. ii 6 lighter BAHIA csespitbsum • Actinella lanata, Babia L "Yellow" 4 COMMON GIANT *Fe*rula communis Tiny flowers in flat-topped clusters on branching stalks are borne well 6- 10 ft. Sun July FENNEL above the mound of glossy finely-cut foliage for which the plant is chiefly grown. Plant in bold groups on lawns or edge of shrubberies. Prop, by fresh seed. Rich deep open soil. Med- iterranean Region. "Yellow" LADY'S Galium See page 198. June 4 BEDSTRAW verum to Sept. "Yellow" DYER'S *Ge*nista See page 198. Late bet. 5 & 6 GREEN- tinctbria June, WEED, July BASE BROOM "Yellow" YELLOW Gentiana Flowers in flat-topped clusters. 2-3 ft. July. 5 GENTIAN lutea Border or rock-garden. Prop, by seed. Leave undisturbed. Light Half sbadc Aug. rich soil. Europe; W. Asia. "Yellow" SWORD **Gladiolus See color "various," page 365. fuly to LILY vars. Oct. "Yellow" BROAD- Grindelia See page 198. Late 4 LEAVED squarrosa [uneto GUM- Sept. PLANT 299 YELLOW JULY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Yellow" BIGELOW'S *Helenium Daisy-like flowers, about 2 in. across 2-3 ft. July, 5 SNEEZE- Bigelovii with brown centres, either solitary or Sun Aug. WEED few on slender stems. Good for cut- ting. Useful, and easily cultivated in border. Prop, by seed, division or cuttings. Any soil, preferably rich and moist. N. Amer. "Yellow" BOLAN- *Helenium See page 198. June 6 DER'S Bolanderi to SNEEZE- Sept. WEED N OR SNEEZE- WORT "Yellow" 5 PURPLE- HEADED *Helenium nudiflbrum Fragrant daisy-like flowers, with drooping petals, sometimes striped . -3* ft. Sun July to Oct. SNEEZE- Leptopoda with brownish purple; centre, brown WEED bracbypoda or purplish. Effective in the border. Prop, by seed, division or cuttings. Moist rich soil preferable. S. Eastern U. S. A. "Yellow" ROCK OR *Helianthe- See page 199. Early 2 to 5 SUN ROSE mum vulgare June, July "Yellow" HAIRY **Helianthus The most desirable of the perennial 2-5 ft. July. 5 SUN- m611is sunflowers. A vigorous plant with Sun Aug. FLOWER large solitary flowers about 3 in. across, and rough grayish leaves. Effective in the back of border. Prop, by seed and division. Any garden soil. U. S. A. See Plate, page 301. "Yellow" STIFF *Helidnthus Distinct species. Showy flowers i -4 ft. M 5 SUN- FLOWER rigidus H. Missou- with reflexed petal tips borne in pan- icles. Valuable in shrubbery or bor- Sun riensis der or for naturalization in the wild garden. Prop, by division; divide every 2 years. Dry soil, not too heavy. Western U. S. A. "Orange PALE- Helianthus Rayed flowers about 3 in. across 3-7 ft. Mid. yellow" 6 LEAVED WOOD SUN- FLOWER strumosus are borne on branching stems. Rather rough grayish foliage. Shrubbery. Var. mollis (H. wacropbyllus), Sun July to late Sept. leaves downy underneath. Good for wild garden. For cultivation, etc., see H. rigidus. N. Amer. "Yellow" THROAT- Helianthus Branching plant with rough stalks. 3-5 ft. Mid. 5 WORT SUN- trachelifolius Pure green foliage. Not so showy as some other kinds. Plant among Sun July to early FLOWER shrubs. For cultivation., etc., see H. Sept. rigidus. Central U. S. A. "Yellow" 6 OX-EYE, FALSE SUN- *Heli6psis lab vis Branching plant bearing a profu- sion of sunflower-like blossoms about 3-5 ft. Sun Mid. July FLOWER H. belian- 2 in. across. Excellent for cutting. to late tboldes Effective in shrubbery or border. Sept. . Prop, generally by division. Light soil, not too moist. Eastern N. Amer. 300 301 302 YELLOW JULY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Yellow" PITCHER'S *Heli6psis Dwarf bushy var., spreading 3 feet, 2-3 ft. Mid. centre 7 OX-EYE OR FALSE SUN- laevis var. Pitcheriana distinguished by its deeper coloring and free blooming. Cup-shaped flow- Sun July to late FLOWER H. Pitcheri- ers in loose panicles. Good for the Sept. ana border, for dry situations, and for cutting. For cultivation, etc., see H. laevis. Hort. "Yellow" LEMON **Hemero- See page 199. June, 6 deep LILY callis flava early July "Orange MIDDEN- **Hemero- See page 199. Late yellow" DORF'S callis June, 8 YELLOW Middendorfii July DAY LILY "Yellow" LESSER *Hemero- Fragrant lily-like flowers in clus- 2ft. July, 5 YELLOW callis minor ters. Good for cutting. Dark green Half Aug. DAY LILY H. graminea, grass-like foliage. Attractive on shade H. gramini- banks of streams or in the border. folia Prop, by division. Any moist rich soil. Siberia. "Yellow" THUN- **Hemero- See page 199. Late 6 lighter BERG'S callis June, YELLOW Thunbergii July DAY LILY "Golden SHAGGY Hieracium See page 199. June to yellow" HAWK- villbsum mid. 5 WEED Aug. "Yellow" 5 AARON'S BEARD, Hype*ricum calycinum Rapidly spreading sub-shrub, al- most evergreen. Large flowers, 3 in. i ft. Sun or July, Aug. ROSE OF across, with conspicuous stamens and half SHARON red anthers. Dark glossy leaves. shade Used in England for carpeting under trees. Border or shrubbery. Protect in winter. Prop, by cuttings of root or ripe wood. Prefers sandy loam. S. Eastern Europe. "Yellow" GOLD **Hype'ricum A very attractive sub-shrub bear- 2ft. it bet. 5&6 FLOWER, Moserianum ing handsome single flowers, 2 in. Sun or ST. JOHN'S across with a circle of conspicuous half WORT orange stamens. Foliage dark and shade fine. Protect in winter. Pleasing in the border, though never producing a mass of color as some flowers drop while others open. Prop, by seed and cuttings. Light warm soil preferable. Hort. See Plate, page 302. "Yellow" SWORD- *Inula Vigorous plant and continuous 6-8 in. Mid. 5 LEAVED ensifolia bloomer with large aster-like flowers Sun July to ELECAM- and rather coarse foliage. Useful for Sept. PANE rock-garden or border. Prop, by seed and division. Any good soil. Europe; Asia. 303 YELLOW JULY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Deep yellow" 7 GLANDU- LAR FLEA BANE OR *Inula glandulosa A plant of coarse habit. Large aster-like flowers with fringed half- drooping petals. Leaves scattered 2-3 ft. Sun July, early Aug. INULA along the stalks and in clumps at their base. Good border plant. Prop, by seed and division. Any soil. Cau- casus. "Yellow" ELECAM- *Inula Vigorous somewhat coarse plant. 3-4 ft. Mid. 6 PANE Helenium Flowers with fringe-like petals. Large rough leaves downy beneath. Nat- Sun J^y to late uralize in wild places. Prop, by seed and division. Easily cultivated in Aug. ordinary soil. Europe; Siberia. "Yellow" effect 11 TUCK'S FLAME *Kniph6fia Ttickii See page 200. June to Sept. FLOWER "Yellow" EDEL- *Leontop6- See page 200. June, 4 WEISS dium alpinum July Gnapbaliunt L. "Yellow" GRAY- *Le*pachys See page 200. June 5 HEADED pinna ta :omid. CONE- Rattbida p., Sept. FLOWER Rudbeckia p. "Yellow" YELLOW *Lilium See page 200. fune, 7 dull CANADA Canade'nse [uly LILY var. flavum "Yellow" THUNBER- **Lflium Excellent var. with flowers almost 1-2 ft. July 5 GIAN LILY ALICE elegans var. "Alice lemon-colored terminating leafy stems. Easy to grow. Mass in border or Sun or shade WILSON Wilson" along margin of shrubbery. Bulbous. Prop, by offsets or scales. Rather peaty soil. Avoid direct contact with manure. Japan. "Yellow" YELLOW **Lffium Dwarf var. with spotted flowers 8- 10 in. n 6 THUNBER- GIAN LILY e*legans var. alutaceum terminating erect leafy stalks. Charm- ing massed in margin of border. Bul- Sun or half L. e. var. bous. Prop, by offsets or scales. shade Armeniacum, Peaty soil well enriched. Avoid di- var. citrtnum rect contact with manure. Japan. "Yellow" CAUCASIAN *Lflium See page 200. fune, 3 LILY monadel- [uly phum L. Cdlchicum, L. S^ovitiia- num "Yellow" PARRY'S **Lflium See page 200. « 5 LILY Parryi "Golden HUM- *Lflium See page 200. M yellow" BOLDT'S pube*rulum 6 more LILY L. Bloomeria- orange num, L. Cali- fdrnicum, L. Humboldtii _ 304 YELLOW JULY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Buff" NANKEEN **Lilium See page 203. Mid. 1 LILY testaceum June L. excelsum, to mid. L. Isabelli- July num "Yellow" DALMA- *Linaria See page 203. Early 3 TIAN TOAD- Dalmatica June to FLAX early July, late Tiilv July to late Aug. "Yellow" MACEDO- Linaria See page 203. June, 3& 7 NIAN TOAD- Maced6nica July FLAX "Yellow" YELLOW *Linum See page 203. « 5 FLAX flavum. "Yellow" BIRD'S- L6tus See page 203. June 3 FOOT corniculatus to Oct. TREFOIL, BABIES' SLIPPERS "Yellow" 5 MONEY- WORT, CREEPING *Lysimachia nummularia See page 203. Early June to late JENNY July "Yellow" 5 SPOTTED LOOSE- *Lysimachia punctata See page 203. June, July STRIFE L. verticulata "Yellow" BULB- Lysimachia See page 203. u bet. 5&6 BEARING stricta LOOSE- L. terrestris STRIFE "Yellow" COMMON *Lysimachia See page 204. M 4 YELLOW vulgaris LOOSE- STRIFE "Yellow" WELSH Meconopsis See page 204. M 5 POPPY Cambrica "Yellow" LARGE- *(Enothera See page 204. June 3 FLOWERED bie"nnis var. to BIENNIAL grandifldra Sept. EVENING CE. Lamarck- PRIMROSE iana "Yellow" SUNDROPS **, than the type, unspotted and of a particularly charming color, generally 3 on the stalk. Remarkably effective shade early Aug. L. fulgens, massed in border or on margin of L. sangui- shrubbery. Rich light peaty soil. neum . Avoid direct contact with manure. Japan. "Warm WALLACE'S **L ilium Rather pale flowers, spotted with l-2*ft. July apricot" THUNBER- e*legans var. black, generally two on the stalk. Sun or 11 GIAN LILY Wallace! Excellent in masses on the edge of half L. Wallacei shrubbery, or in the border or shady shade part of rock-garden. Light rich soil. Avoid direct contact with manure. Japan. "Or- ASA GRAY'S *Lflium See page 211. June, ange" 26 LILY Grayi July orange "Reddish SPOTTED OR **Lflium See page 211. H orange" HANSON'S maculatum 26 LILY L. Hdnsoni orange "Reddish WILD *Lflium The most characteristic and widely 1-3 ft. J^y. orange" ORANGE- Philadel- distributed of our native Lilies. Sun or Aug. 12 redder RED OR phicum Charming delicate flowers of a beauti- half PHILADEL- ful color spotted with black, on grace- shade PHIA LILY ful leafy stalks. Good for margin of Rhododendron bed or in border. Bulbous. Prop, by offsets, scales, or very slowly by seed. Light rich soil. Avoid direct contact with manure. N. Amer. 3,8 320 TIGER LILY. Lilium tigrinum. ORANGE, RED JULY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Reddish AMERICAN **Lilium Native in meadows and marshes. 3-6 ft. Early orange" TURK'S supe"rbum Delicate drooping flowers, having Sun or July to bet. CAP LILY pointed reflexed petals, spotted with- half early 19 & 20 in, in a pyramidal panicle of about shade Aug. 20. Charming, scattered in margin of Rhododendron beds or massed in border. Bulbous. Prop, by off- sets, scales, or very slowly by seed. Any well-drained soil. Avoid direct contact with manure. Eastern N. Amer. "Or- TIGER LILY **Lflium A showy and vigorous plant. 2-5 ft. Mid. ange" 12 tigrinum Racemes of drooping flowers with re- flexed purple-spotted petals. Dark Sun or half July to glossy foliage. Old-fashioned and shade Sept. useful giving a stately effect in the border. Naturalize near shrubbery or along a stone wall. Bulbous. Prop. by offsets, scales, or bulbs. Any well- drained soil. Avoid direct contact with manure. China. See Plate, page 320. Var. *splendens; (color no. 16 deeper), one of the best Lilies bearing elongated racemes of about 25 flow- ers. Very effective clumped in border. Var. ftore-pleno; double flowered and more thickly spotted. China; Japan. "Red ATLANTIC *Papaver See page 1 14. Late orange" POPPY rupifragum May to 11 var. Aug. Atl&nticum P. A. "Or- RUSSELL'S Potentate Large single flowers. Pretty com- 2ft. July, ange" CINQUE- R.usselliana pound leaves. Protect in winter. Sun Aug. 11 FOIL OR Not strictly hardy. Border. Prop. FIVE- by division in spring. "Heavy soil." FINGER Hort. "Or- ange" POTTS' BLAZING **Trit6nia Ptfttsii Vigorous and showy species. Star- like yellow flowers, flushed with brick 2-3. ft. Sun • uly to Oct. 6 to 18 STAR Monibretia red, in waving racemes. Stiff linear Pdttsii leaves. Protect with mulch or house in winter. Excellent for the border. Bulbous. Plant in Apr. or May and prop, by scales or offsets. Rich well- drained soil. S. Africa. "Red" RED *Achillea Numerous tiny flowers in broad i -3 ^. Mid. 27 YARROW OR MILFOIL Millefdlium var. rubrum flat clusters. Foliage finely divided. Effective on edge of shrubbery or in Sun uly to nid. border. Prop, by division and cut- Sept. tings. Any soil. S. Europe; Asia; N. Amer. "Violet PURPLE *Callirhoe See page 212. une crimson" POPPY mvolucrata o 27 bright MALLOW Sept. 321 RED JULY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Red" FRENCH OR **Canna vars. See color "various," page 357. July CROZY to late CANNA Sept. "Red" ITALIAN **Canna vars. See color "various," page 358. H CANNA "Ma- DARK Centaurea See page 212. June roon" PURPLE atropurpurea to near 33 KNAPWEED C. calocepbala Sept. "Crim- RED *Centranthus See page 212. June, son" VALERIAN, ruber July near 26 JUPITER'S BEARD "Red" DAHLIA **Dahlia See color "various," page 359. Late vars. July to late Oct. "Orange scarlet" SOUTHERN SCARLET *Delphmium cardinale Flowers in showy spike-like ra- cemes. Resembles r. nudicaule, but 2-3 ft. Sun July, Aug. 18 more LARKSPUR the flowers are finer and clusters orange larger. Leaves deeply divided. Hand- some among shrubs or in the border. Protect in winter. Prop, by seed, division or cuttings. Deep friable sandy soil, well enriched. Cal. "Red" CARTHU- Dianthus See page 212. Early 31 or 20 SIAN PINK Carthusia- June to & 27 ndrum early brilliant D. atrorubens July "Deep DARK RED **Dianthus See page 213. June, red" PINK crue*ntus July 28 bright to 26 "Crim- SEROTIN'S *Echinacea A fine form though of somewhat 2-3 * ft. July, son" PURPLE purpurea coarse habit. Large daisy-like flow- Sun Aug. 33 CONE- var. serdtina ers, 3-6 in. across, in varying shades of FLOWER E. intermedia rose and purple with prominent cen- tres. Border. Prop, by division. Any soil, preferably rich and sandy. N. Amer. "Red" 41 BLOOD-RED **Geranium See page 115. Late slightly CRANES- sanguineum May to deeper BILL mid. July "Dark DOUBLE *Geum See page 213. June, red" DEEP atrosangui- July 28 CRIMSON neum var. AVENS fi6re-pleno "Orange CHILOE *Geum See page 213. Late scarlet" AVENS Chiloe"nse June to 26 orange G. coccineum, early (Hort.) Aug. "Red" SWORD **Gladlolus See color "various," page 365. July to LILY vars. Oct. "Deep FRENCH Hed^sarum See page 213. June, red" HONEY- coronarium early 33 SUCKLE July 522 RED JULY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Red" CORAL OR **Heuchera See page 213. June 26 CRIMSON sanguinea to late brilliant BELLS Sept. "Bright red" BULB- BEARING *Lilium bulbiferum A desirable plant. Clusters of brown- spotted flowers sometimes shading 2-4 ft. Half July, Aug. 18 LILY to orange. The scattered leaves shade bear small bulbs. Pretty in border. Bulbous. Prop, by offsets or scales, very slowly by seed. Light rich soil. Avoid direct contact with manure. Europe. "Orange RED *Lflium See page 214. Early red" 13 CANADA Canade"nse June deep & LILY var. rubrum to redder Aug. "Orange SOUTHERN *Lilium Not easily cultivated in the North. I -2 ft. July red" RED LILY Catesbaei Bright flowers spotted with dark pur- Sun or 16 ple. Bulbous. Prop, by offsets, half scales, or very slowly by seed. Light shade well-drained soil, sandy and gravelly. Avoid contact with manure. S. Eastern U. S. A. "Scarlet" SCARLET *Lilium Gay nodding turban-shaped flow- 3-4 ft. « 18 deeper MARTAGON Chalced6ni- ers, about 3 in. across, in small clus- Sun or OR RED cum ters, surmount leafy stalks. Good half LILY massed in border. Bulbous. Prop. shade by offsets, scales or very slowly by seed. Light well-drained soil. Avoid contact with manure. Greece. "Scarlet" JAPANESE *Lilium See page 214. June, 17 deeper RED STAR concolor July LILY "Orange THUNBER- **Lilium See page 214. « red" GIAN LILY e*legans 12 redder L. Dahuri- & deeper cum, L. Tbun- bergianum, L. umbellatum "Bright red" 17, PANTHER LILY **Lilium pardalinum A fine species. Drooping orange- centred flowers with purple-spotted 2-3 ft. Half July centre 5 L. Calif dmi- reflexed petals. Foliage in whorls. shade cum Good for margin of shrubbery, etc. Bulbous. Prop, by offsets, scales, or very slowly by seed. Light well- drained soil. Avoid contact with ma- nure. Cal. "Scarlet" SIBERIAN **Lflium See page 214. Late 17 CORAL LILY tenuifolium June, brilliant July "Scarlet" SHINING *Lobelia Strikingly brilliant flowers, large, 2-3 ft. July. 33 CARDINAL fulgens deeper color and more showy than the Sun Aug. warmer FLOWER L. cardinalis Cardinal Flower. Long narrow bronze- (Hort.) tinted leaves on the flower stalks. L. formosa Effective in clumps against green. Protect in winter; not strictly hardy. Prop, by seed or cuttings. Mexico. 323 RED JULY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Scarlet" MALTESE **Lfchnis See page 214. Early bet. CROSS, Chalced6nica June 12 & 18 JERUSALEM to mid. SAGE, July SCARLET LIGHTNING "Deep DEEP "Lychnis See page 217. June, crimson" CRIMSON Coronaria July 33 MULLEIN var. brighter PINK OR atrosanguinea DUSTY MILLER "Red" SHAGGY *L£chnis See page 217. Early 11, 17 & LYCHNIS Haageana June to 18 bril- early liant Aug. "Red" BLOOD- Lycdris Half-hardy bulb. Large flowers, i -3 ft. July. 24 redder RED sangumea 3-4 in. wide, in umbels, bloom after Sun Aug. AMARYL- the long narrow foliage has disap- LIS peared. Japan. "Rosy HALL'S *Lyc6ris Hardy bulb. Immense fragrant 1-3 ft. M red" AMARYLLIS squamigera lily-like flowers, striped with yellow, Sun 18 Amaryllis bloom after the long narrow foliage ' V ' Hdllii has disappeared. Showy in border. Prop, by offsets. Var. purpurea is particularly hardy. Japan. "Scarlet" SCARLET *Mimulus See page 217. June 18 duller MONKEY cardinalis to FLOWER Sept. "Red" 20 OSWEGO **Monarda 1 See page 217. Mid. lighter, TEA, BEE OR didyma Juneto centre 21 FRAGRANT early redder BALM Sept. "Crim- WHORL- *Morina See page 217. June, son" 29 FLOWER longifdlia July turning darker "Bright red" ROUND- LEAVED On&nis rotundifblia Half shrubby plant with bright pea- shaped blossoms striped with deep ,jft Sun July 27 REST rose. Compound leaves scattered HARROW along the branching stems. Rough part of rock-garden or border. Prop. by seed and division. Any soil. Europe. "Scarlet" SCARLET Ourisia See page 218. June, 24 deeper OURISIA coccinea July "Scarlet" ORIENTAL **Papaver See page 218. Early bet. POPPY orientale June to 12 & 19 early July "Light RUPIFRAGE *Papaver See page 1 1 7. May to red" 16 POPPY rupifragum Aug. 324 RED JULY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Scarlet" 18 TORREY'S BEARDED PENTSTE- **Pentstemon >arbatus var. Ttfrreyi A very attractive kind. Graceful plant which forms a dense clump bear- ing many erect stems from which 4-5 *'• Sun Early [uly to early MON P. Tdrreyi droop brilliant tubular flowers. Gray- Aug. green leaves in clumps at the base. A charming border plant. Prop, by seed and division. Any soil not too dry and hot. Col.; N. Mexico. "Pur- HART- Penstemon See page 218. June plish WEG'S jentianoides to red" LARGE- lybrida Sept. 41 deeper FLOWERED grandifl6ra HYBRID P. Hdrtwegi PENTSTE- bybrida %. MON "Red" PERENNIAL **Phl6x See color "various," page 370. July to PHLOX Daniculata Oct. vars. P. decussata "Ver- milion" 18 redder CAPE FUCHSIA *Phygelius Capinsis Effective sub-shrubby plant. Long pendent tube-shaped flowers in branch- ing racemes terminate the many stalks if-3ft. Sun July, Aug. which rise above the thick foliage. Not very hardy and needs protection. Prop, by seed or cuttings. Light rich soil. S. Africa. "Red" ALKE- Phfsalis Striking because of its bright red I -2 ft. Fruit KENGI, STRAW- Alkeke*ngi calyxes surrounding the edible fruit which is showy and lasts a long time. Sun July to late BERRY Not hardy in the North. Winter pro- Oct. TOMATO, tection necessary. Prop, by seed and WINTER OR division. Good garden soil. S. Eu- BLADDER rope. CHERRY • "Red" CHINESE *Ph?salis Interesting and excellent hardy 2ft. M LANTERN Franche"tti plant, grown for its handsome fruit. Sun PLANT P. Alkekengi The fruit and calyxes are larger than var. in P. Alkekengi, are very showy and Francbetti last a long time in good condition. Prop, by seed and division. Japan. "Red" DARK Potentflla See page 221. June, 35 BLOOD- argyrophflla July RED var. SILVERY atrosanguinea CINQUE- P. atrosan- FOIL guinea "Red" HYBRID Potentilla See page 221. June CINQUE- hybrida vars. to FOIL DOU- Sept. BLE VARS. "Scarlet' RUSSELL'S *Potentilla See page 221. Early bet. HYBRID Russelliana June to 12 & 15 CINQUE- Aug. FOIL 325 RED JULY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Pinkish red" COBWEB OR SPIDER- *Semper- vivum Pretty starry blossoms rise above pale almost white pulpy leaves clus- 3-5 in. Sun July near 33 WEB arachnoi- tered in tiny cactus-like rosettes HOUSE- LEEK deum which are studded closely together. Cultivated more for its peculiar foli- age than for its flowers. Charming carpeting for rock-garden or stone- wall. Prop, by division. Dry sandy well-drained soil. Mts., S. Europe. "Pale ATLANTIC *Semper- See page 221. June, red" HOUSE- vivum July near 22 LEEK Atlanticum "Red" HOUSE- *Semper- See page 221. M 24, LEEK, vivum centre 33 OLD-MAN- tectdrum AND- WOMAN "Crim- FIRE PINK *Silene See page 221 M son" 20 Virginica brighter & lighter "Deep PINK ROOT, *Spigelia See page 222. Late red" 20, WORM Marylandica June to 4 inside GRASS early Aug. "Scarlet" 28 RED HEDGE NETTLE Stachys coccinea Rather a pretty plant. The small flowers are in irregular spikes. Bor- I -2 ft. Half July der. Protect slightly in winter. Prop. shade by seed and division. Any soil. Tex. to Ariz, and Mexico. "Bright RED Tradescantia See page 117. Late red" SPIDER- Virginiana May WORT var. coccinea to late Aug. "Orange CROCUS- **Trit6nia The commonest species. Lovely 3-4 ft. July to scarlet" FLOWERED crocos- slender branching plant with long Sun Oct. often 16 BLAZING maeflora spike-like racemes of flowers, 2 in. pinker STAR Montbrttia across. Tall stiff narrow foliage crocos- springs from near the bulb. Protec- maftora tion of mulch or indoor watering is necessary. Very gay and attractive for the border. Bulbous. Plant in Apr. or May and prop, by scales and offsets. Rich well-drained soil. There are many yellow and orange vars. See Plate, page 327. Var. *Transcendant; bright red outside, golden yellow within. Hort. "Bright red" REDDISH BLAZING **Trit6nia r6sea Spreading tubular flowers spotted with yellow. Short stiff narrow i ft. Sun uly, Aug. some- STAR Montbrltia leaves. Good winter protection of times 29 rosea mulch is necessary; it is safer to win- ter indoors. For cultivation, etc., see T. crocosmaeflora. S. Africa. 326 CROCUS-FLOWERED BLAZING STAR. Tritonia crocosmadora. 327 OF 328 MAGENTA TO PINK JULY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Pink" NODDING Allium Flowers, sometimes white, in loose 12-18 in. July 29 lighter WILD ONION cdrnuum slightly drooping umbels. Grassy foliage. Easily cultivated in rock or Sun wild garden. Prop, by seed and off- sets. Well-drained soil. W. Alle- ghanies. "Light CHINESE **Astilbe Graceful species. Flowers in com- I$-2ft. July, pink" 22 pale GOAT'S BEARD Chine*nsis pact panicles rising above the hand- some foliage. Effective in masses Half shade early Aug. and in the border. Prop, by division. Any good garden soil. China. "Rose" 29 lighter & duller EVANS' BEGONIA Begonia Evansiana B. discolor, Hardy with slight protection. Pro- fusion of large flowers. Foliage green above, red beneath. Prop, by cut- 2ft. Sun July, Aug. B. grdndis tings. Light rich soil. Japan; China. "Pink" HEATHER, *Calluna Evergreen shrub. Small flowers f-3 ft- M 37 pinker LING, vulgaris sometimes white, in dense terminal Sun HEATH Erica vulgaris racemes, lasting long when cut. Pretty in margin of shrubbery or in detached clumps. Prop, by division, cuttings or layers. Sandy peaty soil preferable. Europe; Asia Minor. "Purple pink" GRASS PINK ORCHIS Calopogon pulche*llus See page 223. June, July 40 duller Limoddrum tuberosum "Pur- HOARY *Cedrone-lla See page 223. June plish CEDRO- cana to pink" 27 NELLA Sept. "Deep WHITENED Centaurea See page 223. Late pink" KNAPWEED dealbata June to 31 early Aug. "Rose" ROSY **Centaurea See page 223. Late 40 duller MOUNTAIN montana May to BLUET var. r6sea early July "Pur- SMALL ROSE *Core6psis See page 223. June plish OR PINK rosea to rose" TICKSEED . Sept. 36 deep "Pink" CROWN Coronilla See page 223 and Plate, page 328. M 39 VETCH varia "Pink" CROSS- *Crucian611a See page 224. (i 29 WORT, FCETID stylbsa CRUCIA- NELLA "Pink DAHLIA **Dahlia See color "various," page 359. July etc." vars. to late Oct. "Deep ALPINE *Di£nthus See page 224. June, rose" PINK alp in us July 29 duller , & pale 329 M« **'- * . r+ MAGENTA TO PINK JULY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of I Bloom 1 "Delicate CHEDDAR *Dianthus See page 121. Late pink" PINK cassius May to 1 27 light early July "Ma- CINIfAMON **Di£nthus Flowers in tight round clusters. I ft. July, genta pink" PINK cinnabar inus Rigid grass-like leaves. Charming in border or rock-garden. Prop, best by Sun Aug. 23 division. Rich soil. Greece. "Pink" BROAD- **Dianthus See page 224. June 25, 27, LEAVED .atifolius to 28, 33, PINK Sept. 34&3S "Rose" ROCK PINK *Dianthus See page 224. Mid. m 36 light petraeus June to Aug. "Pur- SEGUIER'S **Dianthus See page 227. Late plish PINK Seguierii June, rose" 31 July "Deep WILD **Dice*ntra See page 227. Early rose" BLEEDING eximia Juneto 25 HEART Dielytrae Aug. "Rose" BLEEDING **Dice"ntra See page 40. Late 30 HEART spec tab ills Apr. to Dielytra s. mid. July "Pur- RED GAS **Dict£mnus See page 227. June, plish PLANT OR dlbus var. July pink" FRAXI- rubra 32 NELLA D. Fraxi- nella var. rubra "Pur- PALE *Echinacea Rudbeckia-like plant. Flowers . -3 ft. July, plish PURPLE angustifdlia smaller than in E. purpurea, of Sun Aug. pink" 29 CONE- FLOWER Braunlria pdllida brighter color, varying from pale pink to purple, continuous in bloom. Foliage hairy. Good border plant. Prop, by seed and division. Any soil, preferably rich and sandy. Central U. S. A. "Pur- PURPLE **Echinacea A. compact bushy plant with large 2-3 * ft. « plish CONE- purpurea showy rayed flowers having drooping Sun pink" FLOWER, Rudbeckia petals and dark centres. Blossoms bet. 32 & BLACK purpurea fast a long time. Splendid border 39, cen- SAMPSON plant. Prop, by seed and division. . tre 13 & Requires good rich soil. U. S. A. ! 20 "Shell- HEDGE-HOG Echinocactus See page 227. June pfck" THISTLE, Sfmpsoni to j bet. SIMPSON'S Sept. : 24 & 17 CACTUS ; "Ma- GREAT Epildbium See page 228. June 1 genta" WILLOW angustif61ium to t 40 HERB, Camcenlrion early FIRE WEED, angustifdliuvn Aug. FRENCH •— — — • WILLOW m—m—m—~*—m~ ••^-^^— — i— • •™«™^^— •— •••••^^—••—•^^•— — ——— _l 330 MAGENTA TO PINK JULY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Peach- ROBUST *Eremurus See page 228. June, colored" EREMURUS robustus July 38 "Pink" ARMENIAN Geranium See page 228. H 24 CRANES- Armenum BILL G. Back- housianum "Light LANCASTER *Geranium See page 228. « pink" CRANES- sanguineum veined BILL var. Lancas- with 26 trie"nse "Pink" SWORD **Gladiolus See color "various," page 365. July to LILY vars. Oct. "Pale CREEPING *Gypsophila See page 228. Early pink" CHALK repens June 36 PLANT G. prostrata to mid. July "Pink" MANY- Hedysarum See page 228. June 22 light PAIRED multijugum to FRENCH early HONEY- Aug. SUCKLE "Rose" CHANGE- Helianthe- See page 228. Early ABLE ROCK mum vulgare June ROSE var. mutabile to Aug. "Pur- DELAVAY'S *Incarvillea See page 229. Early plish INCAR- Delavayi June rose" VILLEA to mid. bet. July 32&40 "Pink" JAPANESE *L ilium A choice species which resembles 1-3 ft. J^y. LILY Japdnicum L. Brownii. 1-5 fragrant funnel- Sun or Aug. form flowers sometimes purple out- half side, always white within. Leafy shade stems. Pleasing among low shrubs or in border. Not very enduring. Bul- bous. Prop, by offsets, scales, or very slowly by seed. Light rich soil. Avoid direct contact with manure. China; Japan. Var. **roseum (L. Krameri); (color no. 43 pinker), more graceful than the type, with soft rose colored flowers varying to deep pink. A lovely Lily. "Pale TWIN Linnsea See page 229. June, pink" FLOWER borealis }uly 36 or 43 "Pink" RAGGED *L£chnis See page 229. H 27 light ROBIN, FloVcuculi or 29 pale CUCKOO FLOWER "Bright JUPITER'S *Lfchnis See page 229. « rose" FLOWER, F16s-Jovis 31 UMBELLED Agrostemma LYCHNIS Flds-Jovis 33 1 MAGENTA TO PINK JULY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Deep ALCEA *Milva See page 229. Juneto rose" 29 MALLOW Alcea Sept. "Rose" MUSK *Malva A showy plant. Large single fra- I -2 ft. June 38 more MALLOW moschata grant flowers 2 in. across, in clusters. Sun or to violet Foliage sweet-smelling. Good in bor- shade early der. Prop, by seed and division. Any Sept. soil. Europe. "Pur- MEXICAN *S *Stdtice Delicate plant. Numerous flowers I -2 ft. Late violet" SEA Gmelini in dense erect paincles. Good for Sun July to 44 LAVENDER cutting. Tufted root-leaves. Pretty early in rock-garden or open border. Prop. Sept. by seed. Does best in loose soil of good depth. E. Europe. "Bluish BROAD- **St£tice Strikingly effective plant. Clouds \ $-2 ft. M purple" LEAVED latifolia of tiny flowers in large spreading Sun 47 SEA spikes. Good for cutting. Bold luxu- LAVENDER riant foliage, springing from the root. Excellent in border or margin of shrubbery. Prop, by seed in spring. Leave undisturbed. Deep soil. S. Russia. "Purple* SHOWY SEA *Sta"tice Blue or white flowers in dense i ft. July near 46 LAVENDER speciosa spikes crowning numerous branchlets. Sun Grayish foliage. Good in rock-garden or border. Prop, by seed and divi- sion. Sandy well-drained deep soil. Siberia. 344 PURPLE TO LILAC, BLUE JULY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Purple" WALL Teucrium Branching plant with clusters of I -2 ft. Mid. 39 GERMAN- DER Chamsedrys pretty tubular flowers, spotted with red and white. Glossy fragrant foli- Sun July to mid. age, whitish beneath. Border or Aug. rocky bank. Prop, by division. Light soil. Europe. "Lilac" MOTHER Thymus See page 249. Mid. 43 OF THYME, Serp^llum Juneto CREEPING mid. THYME Aug. "Pale COMMON Thymus See page 249. v June, lilac" GARDEN vulgaris uly 37 THYME "Pur- COMMON *Tradescdntia See page 140. Late plish" SPIDER- Virgmiana May to 44, 48 WORT T. Virginica late or 49 Aug. "Lilac" LONG- **Ver6nica Effective sturdy plant of dense 2*ft. Mid. near 53 LEAVED Iongif61ia growth. Flowers numerous in tall Sun July to SPEEDWELL spike-like racemes. Grayish green foliage. Excellent in the border. Aug. Prop, by seed and division. Any good garden soil. Central and E. Europe; N. Asia. *Var. villosa, (color no. 46). An attractive form. Flowers of deeper color and foliage larger and narrower than that of the type. Siberia. "Violet" HORNED **VJola See page 48. Late 47 or 49 VIOLET, BEDDING cornuta Apr. until PANSY frost "Deep blue" AUTUMN ACONITE, **Acon!tum autumnale Large drooping helmet-shaped flow- ers in spikes. Foliage dark green and 3-5 ft. Sun or Mid. July to 56 MONKS- deeply cut. The roots are poisonous. shade mid. HOOD OR Very pretty for the border or rock- Sept. WOLFS- garden. Prop, by division. Prefers BANE a rich soil. N. China. "Blue" STORK'S *Aconitum Dwarf var. of A. Cammarum. 3-4 ft. July. PURPLE Cammarum Closed helmet-shaped flowers, not Sun or "A Aug. WOLFBANE var. very numerous, in spikes. Roots shade Storkianum poisonous. Border. Prop, by divi- A. Storkia- sion. Rich soil preferable. European num, A. in- Alps. termedium "Deep TRUE **Aconitum Ornamental plant. Large and 3-4 ft. Mid. purple blue" MONKS- HOOD, Napellus A. pyr ami- showy helmet-shaped flowers, grow- ing in racemes on erect stems. Leaves Sun or shade July to early near 49 OFFICINAL dale, deeply cut. Roots and flowers poi- Sept. ACONITE A. Tauricum sonous. Pretty for borders and rough places. Prop, by division. Rich soil preferable. Europe; Asia; N. Amer. "Blue" 61 GLAND BELL- *Aden6phora communis Rather large drooping bell-shaped flowers in panicles which rise above 2-2$ ft. Sun July to mid. FLOWER A. Fi sober i, the leaves. Border. Prop, by seed Aug. A. lili flora, and cuttings. Rich loam. Temp. A. lilii folia Asia; W. Europe. 345 BLUE JULY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Light blue" POTAN- NINPS *Aden6phora Potannini Bushy plant. Spikes of nodding bell-shaped flowers, similar to Cam- 2-3 ft. Sun July, Aug. 61 duller GLAND panula. Foliage springing mostly BELL- from the root. Good for mixed bor- FLOWER der. Should not be disturbed when established. Prop, by seed and cut- tings in spring. Rich loam. Tur- kestan. "Sky AZURE Allium See page 250. June, blue" 51 ONIONWORT azureum July "Deep LEAD *Am6rpha Beautiful shrub of the Pea family 1-3 ft. Early blue" PLANT cane*scens with clustered spikes of flowers. Fo- Sun July to 49 liage very hoary and small. Excel- early lent for shrubbery, rock-garden or Aug. border. Prop, by seed, cuttings and layers. Well-drained soil. Southern U. S. A. ( "Blue" CAPE *Anchusa See page 142. Late 54 ALKANET Cape*nsis May to early July "Blue" ITALIAN *Anchusa See page 142. Late 54, buds 41 ALKANET Italica May to mid. July "Pale TUFTED *Campa'nula See page 145. May to blue" HAIRBELL caespitosa Aug. 62 lighter "Pale blue" HAIRY GARGANO *Camp£nula Gargdnica Tufted trailing plant, hairier than the type. Numerous flowers, shading 3-6 in. Half July 46 HAIRBELL var. hirsuta to white in the centre, in loose racemes shade on pendent stems. Pretty when hang- ing over rocky ledges. Prop, by cut- tings in spring or by division. Rich well-drained loam. Italy. "Pur- GREAT *Campanula See page 253. June to plish BELL- latifolia early blue" 46 FLOWER Aug. "Pur- CHIMNEY * *Campdnula Striking plant. Numerous open 4-6 ft. July. plish blue" CAMPA- NULA, pyramidalis bell-shaped flowers close to the stem, in long spikes. Best treated as bien- Sun Aug. 48 STEEPLE nial. Effective in border or in isolated BELL- clumps. Protect in winter. Prop, by FLOWER seed, division or cuttings. Rich loam well-drained. Australia. "Light SARMATIAN *Camp6nula Masses of velvety nodding light I -2 ft. July blue" BELL- Sarmitica blue flowers in clusters. Gray leaves, Sun bet. 46&S2 FLOWER C. gummifera wrinkled and hairy. Border. Prop, easily by seed. Rich loam, well- drained. Caucasus. "Blue" FREMONT'S *Cle*matis Plant of erect habit. Profusion of I -2 ft. July, 53 CLEMATIS Fremonti flowers which are generally drooping. Sun Aug. Pretty in border or rock-garden. Winter mulching desirable. Prop, by seed, cuttings, grafting or layers. Rich deep soil. Western U. S. A. 346 BLUE JULY V Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Blue" UNDIVIDED- *Cle*matis See page 253. Mid. 60 LEAVED integrifolia June VIRGIN'S to BOWER Aug. "Blue" MUSK *Delphinium See page 253. June, 61 LARKSPUR Brunonianum July "Blue" CAROLINA *Delphmium Racemes of flowers varying to I*-2*ft July 62 LARKSPUR Carolinianum white. Good for cutting. Second Sun D. a^ureum, bloom possible if first flowers are cut D. virescens off. Deeply divided foliage. Attrac- tive in border. Prop, in spring or autumn by seed, division or cuttings; transplant every 3 or 4 years. Deep rich soil, sandy and loamy. U. S. A. "Blue" CAUCASIAN *Delphinium See page 253. June, 60 LARKSPUR Caucasicum July "Blue" BEE **Delphmium See page 253. June 61 LARKSPUR elatum to D. alpinum, Sept. D. pyramid ale "Blue" ORIENTAL **Delphfnium See page 253. June, usually LARKSPUR ronn6sum July 54 "Blue" 62 GREAT- FLOWERED LARKSPUR **Delphinium jrandifldrum D. Sinense Beautiful compact racemes of large flowers good for cutting. Deeply di- vided foliage. Very attractive in bor- 2-3 ft. Sun July, Aug. der. Prop, in spring or autumn by seed, division or cuttings. Deep rich soil, sandy and loamy. Siberia. Var. fiore-pleno, (var. bybridum ftore-pleno)', double flowered. Hort. "Blue" HYBRID **Delphinium See page 254. [une, 62 or 54 LARKSPUR lybridum fuly "Blue" MAACK'S *Delphinium Flowers blue and deep violet in 3ft. fuly S4&47 LARKSPUR Maackianum loose panicles. Divided foliage. If Sun or the plant is cut back it will flower half again. Effective in the border. Prop. shade by seed, division or cuttings. A friable or sandy soil, well enriched. Siberia. "Deep LARGE- *Dracoceph- See page 254. une, blue" FLOWERED alum uly effect 46 DRAGON'S- jrandiflorum HEAD D. Altaiense "Blue" 46 RUYSCH'S DRAGON'S- *Dracoce*ph- alum Belongs to the Sage family. Flow- ers in whorls. Foliage lance-shaped. 2 ft. Half uly HEAD Ruyschiana Neat border plant, also good for rock- bade garden. Prop, by seed and division. Rich sandy loam. Enjoys moisture. Siberia. "Blue" LOFTY *EchJnops Coarse thistle-like biennial differing 5-7 ft. uly, 50 & GLOBE exaltatus from other species in its erect stem. Sun Aug. cream THISTLE Simple flowers in globe-shaped heads. Handsomely cut foliage and silvery stems. Good to naturalize and to . plant among shrubs. Prop, by divi- sion or cuttings. Any soil. Russia. 347 BLUE JULY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Steel RITRO **Echinops Curious . plant somewhat resem- 2-3 ft. July, blue" GLOBE Ritro bling a Thistle with flowers in globe- Sun Aug. 53 colder THISTLE shaped heads and silvery and bluish foliage spiny and downy. Effective in wild garden or among shrubs, also with other bold plants in the border. Prop, by seed and division. Ordinary soil. S. Europe. See Plate, page 349. **Var. tenuifolius, (E. Rutbemcus); (color no. 53 to 56), the best Globe Thistle. S. Russia. "Pale ROUND- *Echinops A fine tall species. Woolly thistle- 5-7 ft. H blue" 52 HEADED sphaeroce"ph- like plant. Flowers in globe-shaped Sun greenish GLOBE alus heads, sometimes white, on white THISTLE stems. Handsome silvery spiny foli- age. Plant in wild garden and shrub- bery with Bocconias, Eryngiums, etc., or naturalize. Prop, by division and cuttings. Ordinary soil. Europe. "Bright ALPINE SEA *Ery"ngium Odd thistle-like plant. Especially i £-3 ft. 1C blue" HOLLY alpinum decorative from its steel blue stems Sun 53 and involucres. One of the most beau- tiful of the genus. Oblong flower- heads, 3 in. across, from spreading blue involucres. Leathery spiny leaves. Excellent for subtropical effect and in the border. Prop, by seed and division. Light soil prefer- able. Pastures, Swiss Alps. "Ame- AMETHYST **Ery"ngium See page 254 and Plate, page 349. June thyst SEA HOLLY amethy"sti- to blue" num early 63 lighter Sept. "Blue" BOURGAT'S *Ery"ngium Bluish foliage decorative and pun- 1-2 ft. Mid. 63 ERYNGO Bourgati gent. Oval flower-heads with large Sun July to involucres. Spiny leaves deeply divid- early ed. Pretty in the border or massed in Sept. rock-garden. Prop, by seed and divi- sion. Soil, light and sandy. Pyrenees. "Blue" DANEWEED, Ery"ngium Foliage ornamental and peculiar. I -2 ft. " 63 lighter HUNDRED campiistre Roundish flower-heads in panicles. Sun THISTLE Deeply divided spiny leaves. Pretty for subtropical effect in the border. Prop, by seed and division. Light sandy soil. Europe. "Blue" FLAT- **Ery"ngium Roundish flower-heads on steel blue .-3ft. J^y. LEAVED ERYNGO planum stems. Large spiny thistle-like leaves, divided or whole. Excellent Sun Aug. for subtropical effect in the border. Prop, by seed and division. Soil light and sandy. E. Europe; N. Asia. "Pur- ORIENTAL *Galega Graceful free - growing shrubby 2-4 ft. July plish GOAT'S RUE orientalis plant. Pea-shaped blossoms in dense Sun blue" racemes. Good for cutting. Wild 46 garden. Prop, by seed and division. Any soil, preferably rich loam. Caucasus. 348 I 349 350 LARGE SMOOTH BEARD-TONGUE. Pentstemon glaber. BLUE JULY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Deep blue" WILLOW GENTIAN *Gentiana asclepiadea Flowers in racemes covering nearly the whole length of the stems. Bor- 6- 1 8 in. Half July to early 59 lighter der or rock-garden. Prop, by division shade Sept. or very slowly by seed. Leave undis- or shade turbed. Rich moist soil. S. Europe. "Violet" IBERIAN Geranium See page 254. June blue" CRANES- Ibericum to 46 light BILL Sept. "Dark DUSKY- Geranium See page 254. Early blue" FLOWERED phseum June CRANES- to mid. BILL, July MOURNING WIDOW "Blue" MEADOW *Geranium See page 257. June 46 bluer CRANES- prate"nse to BILL Sept. "Light HAIR- *Globularia See page 146. Late blue"- FLOWERED tricosantha May to 52 deep GLOBE Aug. & dull DAISY "Blue" GLOBE *Globularia See page 257. June to 53 DAISY vulgaris Sept. "Blue" EASTERN **Iris See page 257. June, SIBERIAN Sibirica var. early IRIS orientalis July /. S. var. san- guinea, I. S. var. hamato- phylla, I. h., I. s. "Light blue" 52 dull SHEP- HERD'S OR SHEEP *Jasi6ne pere"nnis Plant of compact habit. Globe- shaped flowers in profusion. Foliage in tufts. Border, rock-garden or as i ft. Sun or half Early July to early SCABIOUS, SHEEP'S edging. Easily cultivated. Prop, by seed and division. Any well-drained shade Aug. BIT garden soil. Mts., Central and S. Europe. "Blue" AUSTRIAN *Linum See page 258. June 61 FLAX Austriacum to L. perenne Sept. var. A. "Blue" PERENNIAL **Linum See page 149. Mid. 54 lighter FLAX pere*nne May to Aug. "Blue" NOOTKA *Lupinus See page 150. Late 62 LUPINE Nootkate*nsis May to greener early July "Light COMMON *Lupmus See page 258. June, blue" WILD pere*nnis July bet. LUPINE 47&S2 351 BLUE JULY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Blue" EVER- *Myos6tis See page 153. May to 57 FLOWERING palustris Sept. FORGET- var. ME-NOT sempe*rflorens "Blue" LARGE- Nepeta See page 261. Late 53 FLOWERED Macrantha June to CATMINT early Sept. "Pur- LARGE *Pentstemon See page 261 and Plate, page 350. June, plish blue" SMOOTH BEARD- glaber P. Gdrdoni, early July 46 TONGUE P. specibsus "Lilac LARGE- Pentstemon See page 261. Early blue" FLOWERED grandifldrus Juneto 46 BEARD- early TONGUE July "Pur- SHOWY **Pentste- See page 261. Early plish PENTSTE- mon June blue" MONOR spectabilis to mid. 46&41 BEARD- July TONGUE "Pur- MICHELI'S *Phyteuma See page 261. Late plish HORNED MicheTii June, blue" RAMPION July 46 dull "Blue" often 56 BALLOON FLOWER, **Platyc6don jjrandifldrum A shrubby plant with large showy open bell-shaped flowers, 2-3 in. 1-3 ft. Sun or Early July to JAPANESE Campanula across, very numerous at the summit shade Oct. BELL- irandiflora, of erect leafy stalk. Very attractive FLOWER Wahlenbergia for the border or rock-garden. There grandiflbra are white and variegated vars. Prop. in the spring by seed or early division. Well-drained loamy soil. China; Japan. Var. ftore-pleno; double form, July and August. Var. Japonicum, (P. Japonicum); more numerous flowers and more bushy habit. Var. Mariesi; (color no. 49, 53 or 56 and white), denser. Stronger habit than the type, about i ft. high; flowers equally large, purple, lavender, blue or white. Japan. "Pale DWARF **Polem6- See page 261. fune, blue" JACOB'S nium humile My 52 LADDER P. Rtcbard- sonii "Azure HIMA- *Polem6nium See page 261. Late blue" LAYAN re"ptans May to VALERIAN var. Hima- early ayanum , Juiy P. grandiflb- rum, P. caru- 'eum var. g. 352 BLUE JULY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Blue" HAIRY Ruellia Hairy or downy plant sometimes lift. Early 47 RUELLIA ciliosa erect, sometimes straggling. Flowers Sun July 1-2 in. long, single or in clusters. Good to late for wild garden. Prop, by seed and division. Light soil. U. S. A. Aug. "Blue" MEALY *Salvia Dense growing flowers of two dis- 2-3 ft. July. 46 lighter SAGE farinacea tinct shades, branching out from the stalks in pairs forming elongated Sun Aug. whorls. Pretty in border. Protect in winter. Prop, by seed, flowering early the first season. Any soil. Texas. "Deep MEADOW **Salvia See page 262. June, violet SAGE prate*nsis early blue" July near 47 "Blue" PINCUSHION **Scabi6sa See page 262. June, 53 light FLOWER Caucasica July "Pale GRASS- *Scabi6sa See page 262. June blue" LEAVED graminifdlia :o often bet. SCABIOUS Oct. 43 & 44 "Bluish" WOODLAND *Scabi6sa See page 262. Early near 39 SCABIOUS sylv&tica June paler :o late Sept. "Pur- BAICAL'S *Scutellaria Alpine plant of neat half - erect 9-12 in. July, plish SKULLCAP Baicale'nsis habit, with an abundance of velvety Sun Aug. blue" S. macrdntba flowers in long racemes. Desirable near 49 for rock-garden or border. Prop, by division. Siberia. "Deep COMMON **Statice An effective plant bearing clusters lift. ii blue" SEA limbnium of tiny flowers in numerous spikelets. Sun 46 LAVENDER, MARSH S. marUima Large leathery leaves spring from the root. Excellent in rock-garden and ROSEMARY border and for cutting. Prop, by seed and division. Deep rich soil. Europe; N. Africa. "Blue" MARSH Swe*rtia Small star-like flowers varying to 6-12 in. [uly 50 FELWORT pere"nms white, in spikes well above the low Shade tuft of leaves. Bog or rock-garden. Prop, by seed and division. Moist soil. Europe; Asia; N. Western U. S. A. "Blue" PRICKLY S^mphytum See page 154. -ate 32> turns 61 COMFREY aspe"rrimum Way to mid. uly "Blue" AUSTRIAN *Ver6nica Plant of erect vigorous habit. I $-2 ft. Larly 53 SPEEDWELL Austriaca Flowers in showy racemes. Pretty in Sun uly to border. Any good garden soil. Prop. by seed and division. S. Eastern arly Aug. Europe; Asia. "Blue" HOARY **Ver6nica See page 262. Ylid. 46 SPEEDWELL incana une y. cdndida, o late y. neglecta uly 353 BLUE, PARTI-COLORED, VARIOUS JULY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Light blue" 50 COMMON SPEEDWELL Verdnica officinalis See page 1 54. May to Aug. "Bright SPIKE- **Ver6nica See page 262. Early blue" FLOWERED spicata June, 61 duller SPEEDWELL July "Blue" BROAD- Verdnicum See page 263. June, near 47 LEAVED Teucrium July HUNGARIAN var. latifdlia SPEEDWELL Parti- FRENCH OR **Canna vars. See color "various," page 357. July colored CROZY to late CANNA Sept. Parti- ITALIAN **Canna vars. See color "various," page 358. M colored CANNA Parti- colored DAHLIA **Dahliavars. See color "various," page 359. July to late Oct. 6 shading GREAT- **Gaillardia See page 263. June from 19 FLOWERED aristata to to 14 GAILLAR- G. grandi- Nov. DIA ftora Parti- colored SWORD LILY **Gladiolus vars. See color "various," page 365. July to Oct. Outside BROWN'S **Lilium Hardy and vigorous species recom- 3-4 ft. July. 27 deeper LILY Br6wni L. Japdnicum var. Brdwnii mended to beginners. A beautiful Lily with 2 fragrant partly drooping trumpet-shaped flowers with recurved tfyj shade Aug. petals, 7-8 in. long, white within and violet-purple without. Deep green foliage. Excellent in border or among low shrubs. Lift and replant every few years. Bulbous. Prop, by off- sets or scales. Rich well-drained peaty soil. Avoid direct contact with manure. Japan. See Plate, page 355. 44 & 11 ALPINE TOAD- Linaria alpina Dense spreading plant forming a silvery tuft, covered with small snap- 4-6 in. Sun « FLAX dragon-like flowers of violet with orange on the lower lip. Pretty for rock-garden. Prop, by seed and divi- sion. Of easy culture in any light soil. Alps. Parti- DOUBLE *Potentflla See page 263. June, colored HYBRID hjrtmda July CINQUE- vars. FOIL Various LONG- *Acanthus See page 264. « often 21 LEAVED longifdlius BEAR'S BREECH Various BEAR'S BREECH, CUTBER- **Acanthus mollis Flowers, white to purple, in loose spikes. Grown for the large shapely foliage in clump at base of plant. c3*' Sun July, Aug. DILL Ornamental for border and rock-gar- SEDOCKE den. Prop, by seed and division. Light well-drained soil. S. Europe. 354 BROWN'S LILY. Lilium Browni. 355 356 HOLLYHOCK. Althcca rosea. VARIOUS JULY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom Various VERY PRICKLY BEAR'S **Acanthus spinosissimus Flowers, white to purple, in loose spikes. Scanty dark green and prickly foliage. Protect in winter. Effective 3-4 ft. Sun July. Aug, BREECH for border and rock-garden. Prop. by seed, or division in spring or au- tumn. Light soil well-drained and rich. S. Europe. Various PRICKLY **Acanthus Flowers, white to purple, in com- 3-4 ft. 14 BEAR'S spindsus pact spikes. Deeply-cut prickly Sun BREECH leaves. See A. spinosissimus. S. Europe. 2, 34, 35, HOLLY- **Alth2ea A well known and stately biennial. 5-8 ft. (( 22, 27, white, HOCK rosea Large flowers, white, pale yellow, pink, or red, in long spikes which require Sun etc. staking. Foliage mostly in a clump at base of plant. Deep cultivation, much manuring, and watering in dry weather ensure the best results. Sub- ject to fungus disease; Bordeaux mix- ture should be used in the earliest stages. Cover with manure in winter. There is no plant more effective in rows against houses and garden walls or in clumps at back of border. Prop, by seed, eyes, cuttings or division. Rich loam well drained. China. See Plate, page 356. Usually WILD Asarum See page 264. Late 21 or 2 GINGER, Canade*nse * June to CANADA early SNAKEROOT Aug. 36, 39, CANTER- **Campanula See page 264. Late 47, 48, BURY Medium June, 43,45,etc. BELLS July 48, or NOBLE **Campanula See page 264. Mid. white BELL- nobilis June spotted FLOWER to with 45 Aug. Various FRENCH OR CROZY **Canna vars. A large-flowered group. Vigorous plants of dwarf compact growth, with 1^-4 ft. Sun July to late CANNA large spikes of brilliant flowers, con- Sept. tinue in bloom, sometimes from the last of June if started indoors. Foli- age in many shades of color and of tropical effect in groups and masses. Plant bulb in spring when danger of frost is over. When the foliage with- ers dig up the bulb, dry in open air, and store in dry cellar. Prop, by divi- sion of rootstock. Light soil, rich, deep and moist. The following are some of the best vars.: Red vars. — Admiral Dewey or Tar- rytown; (color no. bet. 1 1 & 12 deeper), beautiful for bedding; large spikes of deep red flowers, green foliage. An- toine Cro^y; (color nos. 18 brilliant 357 VARIOUS JULY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom & 5), flowers rich carmine, leaves green. President McKinley; flaming crimson scarlet; large spikes. Presi- dent Cleveland; (color no. 19 more orange), beautiful crimson. Sir Thomas Lipton; very large flower spikes; rich crimson. Parti-colored vars. — Charles Hen- derson; (color no. 18 redder), crimson and gold flowers. E. G. Hill; (color no. 17 brilliant), "scarlet mottled with carmine." Florence Vaugban; yel- low flowers beautifully spotted; very desirable. Madame Cro^y; (color nos. 1 8 & 5), brilliant crimson-scarlet margined with golden yellow. Queen Charlotte; (color nos. 18 duller & pinker & 5), scarlet, edged with yel- low. Roslindale; (color no. 5 & center 12), large spikes of golden flowers va- riegated with carmine. Very desir- able. Souvenir Antoine Cro^y; (color no. 17 slightly redder), large flowers, vermilion margined with deep golden yellow, very effective. Yellow Bird; (color no. 6 light), deep yellow, lower petals slightly mottled ; profuse bloomer. Various ITALIAN CANNA **C£nna vars. Vigorous tropical foliage plant, un- branched, taller than the French 3-4* ft. Sun July to late Canna and having longer bloom. Sept. Short-lived flowers in irregular ra- cemes terminating stout stalks. Oc- casionally begins to blossom in June if started indoors. Largely grown for its handsome foliage. Plant in for- mal garden or group among shrubs. After frost dig up the roots and re- plant in spring, when there is no longer danger of excessive cold. Prop, by division of root stock. Light rich moist soil. Among the best vars. are: Yellow vars. — Golden Sceptre; (color no. 5), deep rich yellow. Red vars. — America; (color no. 13 lighter and yellower), large brilliant red flowers, dark red leaves. La France; (color no. 16 deeper), glow- ing orange-scarlet, glossy dark foliage. Pluto; (color no. 18 yellower), large flowers, deep scarlet. Parti - colored vars. — Alemannia; (color no. 1 1 & 3 edge), large scarlet flowers margined with yellow; broad leaves. Aphrodite; deep yellow flow- ers spotted with salmon-pink; green foliage. Edouard Andre; (color no. 17 mottled with n), flowers flaming red with orange spots. H, Wendland; 358 VARIOUS JULY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom (color no. 12 & 3 edge), very large flowers, outer petals scarlet edged with gold, inner petals brilliant red with yellow centres; wide green leaves. Oceanus; (color no. 13 brilliant & 4 edge), outer petals fiery red, margined with golden yellow, inner petals scar- let; leaves green. Pandora; (color no. 1 8 with 4), rich red flowers bor- dered and blotched with gold. 36, 31, RED ^Chrysan- See page 264. June, 27, 32 CHRYSAN- themum July THEMUM coccineum Pyretbrum bybridum, P. rdseum Various CACTUS **Dahlia One of the most strikingly beautiful 3-6 ft. Late DAHLIA vars. of tall plants. The flowers with twisted petals are sometimes single Sun July to late but usually double. The opalescent Oct. coloring of those shading from yellow- ish to pinkish tints is especially fine. Excellent planted in single or double rows. Prop, best by root division or cuttings. Plant tubers in late May or June, about 3 feet apart in sheltered spots in any soil, not too clayey, though best rich and deep. House in winter. Dahlia Juarezi is the parent of the Cactus Dahlia. Mexico. See Plate, page 361. White vars.— *Eva; 4 ft. Keynes' Wlnite; "ivorv white." 5 ft. *Lord Rob- erts; Miss Webster; "pure white. "4 ft. Mrs. A. Pearl; "creamy white." 4 ft. Yellow vars. — Artus; "orange buff." 4 ft. Florence; "yellowish orange." H. F. Robertson; "deep pure yellow." 4 ft. Mrs. De Lucca; (color no. 3 to 9), orange yellow. Mrs. Freeman Thomas; "clear yellow shading to light orange." 3 ft. Mrs. H. J. All- croft; "soft orange buff." 4 ft. Pink and Red vars. — Ajax; (color no. 16 brilliant & 17), "orange suf- fused with salmon and buff." 4 ft. * Britannia; (color no. 24 pale), sal- mon pink, free bloomer. 4ft. **Clara G. Stredwick; (color no. bet. 1 5 & 29), clear bright salmon shading to yellow at base of petals. Large flowers with extremely narrow petals of great length. 3 ft. *Countess of Lonsdale; (color no. 24 richer and deeper), a blending of salmon and amber shades. 3 ft. Exquisite; (color no. bet. 16 & 17), bright scarlet tinted with salmon. 3 ft. Fire Brand; (color no. 19 red- 359 VARIOUS JULY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom der to 20), rich vermilion shading deeper. Galliard; (color no. 19 red- der), a true cardinal. 3ft. * Kriem- hilde; (white with color no. 30), "soft Apple-blossom pink with white cen- tre." 3 ft. Lady Ed. Talbot; terra cotta shaded with salmon. *Mary Service; (color no. 24 deep to 31 lighter), apricot shading into orange, margin purplish rose. 4 ft. Mon- arch; (color no. 24 deep, also 26 more orange), orange-red tipped with ma- genta. 3 ft. Queen Wilbelmina; (color no. 33 & deeper), deep pink. Viscountess Sherbrook; (centre color no. ii shading from 15 to 18), "bright terra cotta suffused with apricot." 3 ft. Dark Red or Maroon vars.— Aunt Cbloe; 3 ft. */• H. Jackson; (color no. 28 dark), flowers with long narrow petals on long stems. 4 ft. King of Siam; 4 ft. * Matchless; (color no. 28 dark), 4 ft. Mr. Moore. Night. Uncle Tom; (color no. 28 dark). 4 ft. Magenta vars. — Austin Cannel; (col- or no. 33 brilliant), rose-crimson shad- ing lighter at margin. 4 ft. Purplish vars. — Emperor; (color no. 26 bluish), indescribable Plum color shading at base of petal to yellow. 3^ ft. Island Queen; (color no. 40 to 47), purplish mauve. 3^ ft. Parti-colored vars. — Alpha; (white with markings color no. 48), white speckled and striped with purple- crimson and lilac. 4 ft. Columbia; (white dashed with color no. 18), pure white tipped with vermillion. 4 ft. Various COLLEP- *D£hlia vars. Collerette Dahlias are single and 4-6 ft. -ate ETTE distinguished by the circle of short Sun fuly DAHLIA petals around the disk. Prop, best by to late root division. Plant the tubers 1^-3 Oct. ft. apart, in sheltered spots in any rich soil not too clayey. See Cactus Dahlia. Var. Joseph Goujon, deep scarlet, clear yellow collar. President Viger; (color no. 20 deeper), rich claret with lighter edges, and white collar. 2$ ft. Various DECORA- **Ddhlia Decorative Dahlias resemble the 4-6 ft. tinged with lavender near the margin. Striped Banner; rich bright red, white striped. Various POMPON *Dahlia vars. Prop, best by root division. Plant 3-5 ft- <« DAHLIA the tubers i£ to 3 ft. apart in any Sun rich soil, not too clayey. The Dahlia rosea is parent. Vars. — Catherine; (color no. 3), yellow; 3 ft. Elegante; (bet. color nos. 30 & 27, tinged deeper), pink shaded deeper and lighter; 2^ ft. Le Petit Jean; plum color. Little Beauty; (32 brighter), shrimp-pink; excellent cut flower. Little Naiad; rose-lake tinged with crimson. Little 363 VARIOUS JULY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom Prince; (26 deeper and white), red with white tips; 3 ft. Lou Kramer; yellow and pink, red tipped; 3 ft. Snowdad; white, very small; 2^ ft. Sunshine; bright scarlet; 3 ft. Various QUILLED **D£hlia Prop, most easily by root division 4-6 ft. Late DAHLIA vars. or cuttings. Plant in sheltered spots Sun July in any rich soil not too clayey. Plant to late the tubers i£ to 3 ft. apart. Quilled Oct. are often given under the head of both Decorative and Show Dahlias. See Plate, page 362. Vars. — A. D. Livoni; (color nos. 32 to 38), clear pink; 4 ft. Grand Duke Alexis; ivory white tinged with white near the edges; 4^ ft. Kaiser Wilhelm; (5 lighter and softer), old gold with scarlet tips. Queen Vic- toria; (color no. 3), deep yellow; 4 ft. Ruth; white faintly tinged with pink near the centre. Various SHOW **Dahlia Large compact flowers of two or 3-6 ft. « DAHLIA vars. more colors, double to the centre. Sun Prop, best by division. Plant the tubers i£ to 3 ft. apart in sheltered spots in any rich soil not too clayey. When frost destroys the stems lift the plant and keep over winter in dry cellar. Plant in May when there is no danger of frost. Dahlia rosea is the parent. See Plate, page 362. Vars. — Arabella; (color no. 36 with 2 centre), primrose, tinted with old rose and lavender; 4 ft. John Ben- nett; (color nos. 18 & 8), golden yel- low tipped with red; 3 ft. John Walker; (color no. 2 pale), white. La Phare; rich scarlet. Mrs. Dexter; (color no. 16 pinker), deep salmon pink. Miss May Loomis; white tinted with rose. Black Diamond; black changing to black maroon. Pink Dandy; pink. Red Hussar; cardinal-red. Queen of the Belgians; (white to 36), delicate pale pink. Queen of Yellows; (color no. 3), clear yellow. Thos. White; (color no. 28 darker), deep maroon. Various SINGLE **Dalilia Prop, most easily by root division 4-6 ft. « DAHLIA vars. or cuttings. Plant the tubers i $ to 3 ft. apart in sheltered spots in any rich soil not too clayey. Dahlia rosea is parent. Vars. — Anemone; white. Annie Hughes; (color no. 26 with 3 light centre), carmine with yellow centre. Gold Standard; very large deep yel- low. Juno; white tipped with rose, 364 VARIOUS JULY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom yellow centred. Mrs. Bowman; (color no. 3 to white), solferino. Polly Ec- / cles; fawn colored, red centred. Sun- set; (color no. 4 warmer tinged 18), yellowish. Black Bird; maroon-black each petal spotted with red. Danish Cross; carmine each petal having a white central band. Gaillardia; golden yellow, red near the centre. Lustre; rose shaded lighter near the centre. Record; yellow, tinged with scarlet. Often SCARLET Dahlia Bushy plant with erect rather slen- 2-5 ft. July to 33 dark DAHLIA coccmea der grayish stems bearing large single Sun ear'ly flowers having yellow centres and rays Oct. recurved at the margin. Vars. yellow and orange. They should be staked. Dahlias are one of the most effective garden plants and are handsome in rows. Store roots in a dry cellar after frost kills the plant; 'set out preferably in June or July. They take six weeks to come to flower. Prop. by division; each tuber must have an eye, therefore start growth before dividing; cuttings, seed and grafting. Good sandy soil not too rich, for strength may go to foliage. Mexico. Various VON Dahlia Plant of low spreading habit. 2-3 ft. M MERCK'S Me-rckii Branching flower stems bearing single Sun DAHLIA D. glabrata flowers, often lilac, with yellow centres and short recurved rays which rise 2 or 3 ft. above the foliage, which is particu- larly finely cut and handsome. Stake the plants. See D. coccinea for further information. Mexico. Often COMMON Dahlia Color variable, flowers single and 2-5 ft. M 17 dark DAHLIA variabilis double. Vars. white and yellow. Sun D. rosea Hairy or smooth grayish or green stems. Leaves entire or in two divi- sions. Parent of most garden kinds. See D. coccinea for further informa- tion. Mexico. 62,57 CHINESE **Delphinium See page 267. une, LARKSPUR jjrandifldrum uly var. Chine^se 33,34, SWEET **Dianthus See page 267. « 35, etc. WILLIAM >arbatus Usually bet. COMMON FOXGLOVE **Digitalis purpurea See page 267. une, arly 32 & 39 D. tomentbsa uly Various SWORD LILY **Gladiolus vars. Conspicuous spikes of lily-like flow- ers which last long when cut. Sword- 3-4* ft. Sun uly to Oct. shaped leaves. Plant at intervals from early spring until July to secure succession of bloom. Striking and very desirable in border. When the 365 VARIOUS JULY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom foliage dies, dig up the bulb, dry in open air and store in dry cellar. P"rop. by seed or by small bulb at base of parent bulb. Any garden soil, pref- erably rich moist sandy loam. Cape * Colony; Natal. See Plate, page 367. Named hybrids. White vars. — Angele; very effective. Snow-Wlite; beautiful pure white, with a faint line of rose on the lower petal. Pink vars. — Madame Monneret; del- icate rose pink. Pyramide; large well-opened flowers, bright orange- rose. Surprise, purplish rose, very late blooming. Red vars. — *Brenchleyensis; bril- liant vermilion-scarlet. Flamboyant; large flowers, flaming scarlet. Parti-colored vars. — Agatha; dashed with lilac-carmine, spotted with clear yellow. Apollon; rose-lilac, with large rose spot, and centre striped with white. Baucis; large rose flow- ers, slightly tinted with salmon, blotched with purplish red. Calypso; flesh-colored rose, dashed with rose and mottled with carmine. Ceres; snow-white and mottled with purplish rose. Crepuscule; large spikes of lilac-rose flowers, suffused with car- mine and edged with violet. Eldo- rado; yellow, lower petals marked with red. Fatima; cream-white streaked with rose - salmon and blotched with violet. Grandesse; large well expanded flowers, pinkish ' white, touched with lilac, blotched ' with carmine. La France; (24 deeper & 3), cream-white with carmine edge and purplish blotch. Leviathan; large flowers, delicate rose, streaked with carmine and blotched with pur- ple. May; large spikes of pure white flowers, spotted with rose-crimson. Mr. Jansen; fine spike of large rose- carmine flowers, edged and slightly streaked with purplish red, and blotched with cream color. Neron; tall spike of round flowers, deep crim- son, touched with deep blood-red and violet. Ophir; dark yellow blotched with purple. Pepita; creamy yellow streaked with pink. Phcebus; (18 brilliant), vivid red strikingly blotched „ with white. Schiller; sulphur-vellow, with large carmine blotch. Titania; beautiful spike, creamy salmon dashed with cherry-red. Van Dael; very large flowers, light salmon-pink near 366 367 368 JAPANESE IRIS. Iris /.*M. VARIOUS JULY Color English Narhe Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom the centre, streaked blood-red at the petal edges. Gladiolus Childsi. Red vars.— Cardinal; (color bet. nos. 19 & 20), orange red. *Deborab; (color nos. 1 8 & 19 brighter), scarlet-vermilion, with large clear white centre. *Gov. McCormick; (color no. 18), scarlet vermilion with a white and cardinal red centre, (color no. 20). *Ne{in- scott; (effect color no. 1 8), scarlet-ver- milion. Saratoga; (effect color no. 19), orange scarlet. Pink vars. — America; (color no. 36), pale pink, centre deeper (color no. 33 brighter). Harlequin; (color no. 36), pale pink dashed with ma- genta (color no. 31). */rene; (color nos. 36 to 38 lighter), pale pink with dark centre (color no. 27). * Little Blush; (effect color no. 36), pale pink, outer edge dark (color no. 32), with yellow centre (color no. 2). Lydia; (color nos. 36 & 37 to 27 brighter, effect 36 spotted with 27), pink with reddish spots. Mrs. R. A. Gold- smith; (effect color no. 23 deeper), rose-pink with white centre. *Sibo- ney; (color nos. 36 to 39), pink vary- ing to heliotrope, with 'crimson edge (color no. 33). ^Splendor; (color no. bet. 24 & 26), deep pink, crimson centre (color no. 33). Gladiolus Gandavensis. White vars. — Augusta; (color no. 32), purplish white with small purplish pink centre. Yellow vars. — Canary Bird; (color nos. 2 greenish & i), greenish yellow. Sunshine; (color nos. 2 greenish & i), lemon-yellow. Red vars. — * Contrast; (color no. 1 8 darker), scarlet-vermilion with large clear white centre. Pink vars. — Ajax; (color no. 36), light pink edged with old-rose (color no. 25). Chaumont; (color no. 36 to 27 deeper on edge), pink. Eugene Scribe; (color no. 36), light pink edged with rose-red (color no. 27). * Octoroon; (effect color no. 22), light salmon-pink, spotted slightly with a deeper shade (color no. 30) with centre turning to pale yellow (color no. i) dashed with crimson (color no. 33). Various JAPANESE **Iris See page 267 and Plate, page 368. fune, IRIS laevigata [uly I. Kcempferi 369 VARIOUS JULY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation 'ime of Bloom Bet. BITTER- Lewisia See page 268. une, 3S&44 ROOT, ediviva uly or white PATULUM 1 spotted WILD **Lilium See page 268. entstemon Cobsea Few-flowered panicle of large flow- ers with narrow tube and broad flat 15-18 in. Sun M TONGUE top, varying in shades from white to purple. Thick leaves. Suitable for border, rock-garden and margin of shrubbery. Prop, by seed and divi- sion. Requires protection. Any soil. S. Western U. S. A. Various LARGE OR Petasites See page 272. M JAPANESE 'ap6nica PETASITES var. gigantea Various EARLY *Phl6x See page 272. U SUMMER glabe*nima FLOWERING var. PHLOX suffruticbsa Various WILD *Phlox See page 272. M SWEET maculata WILLIAM Various PERENNIAL PHLOX **Phl6x paniculata Sturdy erect plant forming clumps 2-3 ft. across. Dense panicles of flow- 2-3 ^ ft. Sun fuly to Oct. vars. ers often i ft. long; garden vars. P. decussata range through all colors except yel- low. One of the best plants for bril- liant effects forming a striking mass of color in border or edge of shrubbery. The flame-colored kinds should be de- tached from all except white flowers. Prop, by division; divide every 3 years in late autumn. Moist rich soil. U. S. A. See Plate, page 373. The following are some of the best garden vars.: — White vars.— Amazon; about i$ft. Candeur; dwarf, large flowers. Fian- cee; pure white, very large flowers. Independence; very tall plant; large flowers in large spike. Ixion; (eye, color no. 31), small crimson eye, large spike. Le Cygne; pure white large flower and very large pyramidal spike. Mrs. Huerlin; pure white. Saisons Lierval; (eye, color no. 31), white, crimson eye. Tapis Wane; pure white. 370 VARIOUS JULY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom Red vars. — Coccinea; (color no. 27 deeper & brilliant), small bright flow- ers in large clusters. *Coquelicot; (color no. 18 redder), intense orange- scarlet, dark crimson centre. *Et- na; bright, salmon-red, dark-centred. Flambeau ; salmon-red. Monta- gnard; (color no. 38 brilliant), deep crimson, dark-centred. Ornament; (color no. 26 slightly redder), very bright light crimson. Victor; (color no. 27), rose-red. Pink vars. — Bicohr; salmon-pink, crimson-centred. *Charles Darwin; (color no. 30 yellower, centre 31), bright salmon-pink, crimson centre, very large pyramidal spike. Day- break; (color no. 29 lighter), light pink. Evenement; (color no. 30 yel- lower & brighter), salmon-pink, pur- ple-centred. Gen. Chancy; (bet. color nos. 18 & 26), scarlet-pink, sal- mon tinted. James Bennett; (color no. 29 pale, eye 27), salmon-pink crimson eye. Le Soleil; (color no. 31), crimson-pink. Lothian; rich salmon-crimson eye. Large spread- ing spike. Excellent. Mars le lours; (color no. 29 pale, centre 31), pink and white. Pantheon; (color no. 30), pink. Pink Beauty; (color no. 38), pale pink, enormous spike. *R. P. Struthers; (color no. 26 bright), crimson-pink, orange tinted, dark centred; very good. Magenta vars. — Eclair -eur; (color no. 33 very deep & brilliant), deep magenta, large flowers. Lilac vars. — Amphitryon; large, lilac suffused with white. Crepuscule; (color no. 39 lighter), very large, lilac, with lighter margins, crimson centred. Cross of Honor; lilac, white margined. Esperance; (color no. 40, bluer to- wards 41), large and beautiful, ma- genta-lilac shading to white. Purple vars.— *Blue Hills; (color no. 48 deeper to 55), intense violet. Huxley; (color bet. nos. 40 & 41, cen- tre white), deep purple-magenta with white centre. Iris; deep magenta purple, crimson centred. Le Mahdi; (color bet. nos. 40 & 41), bright deep velvety purple flowers in large clus- ters. Lord Rayleigh; (color no. 47), effect blue, dark violet, centre purple. Wm. Ramsey; (color no. 40 very deep) velvety flowers, deep purple-magenta, dark centre; fine spike. 371 VARIOUS JULY Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom Often bet. SAGE Salvia officinalis See page 273. June, early 46 & 47 July Often 39 or 38 EGYPTIAN OR GYPSIES' *Scabi6sa arve*nsis See page 273. Early June ROSE to mid. Aug. 25, 42, lighter, PURPLE MULLEIN *Verbascum phceniceum See page 273. June, July white V. ferrigi- neum Various PANSY, HEART'S- **Viola tricolor See page 273. Mid. Apr. to EASE mid. •-'>". •..•:••'"' Sept. 372 373 374 " A SHADY WALK IS PLEASANT IN AUGUST AUGUST WHITE TO GREENISH Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "White" SNEEZE- Achillea See page 167. June WORT Ptarmica to mid. Sept. "White" DOUBLE **Achillea See page 167. June SNEEZE- Ptarmica var. to Oct. WORT "The Pearl" "White" SIBERIAN *Achillea See page 274. Julv MILFOIL Sibirica to Oct. OR YARROW A. Mongolica, A. ptarmi- coides "Nearly WHITE **Aconitum See page 274. Mid. white" MONKS- HOOD OR Napgllus var. album July to early OFFICINAL A. pyramid ale Sept. ACONITE var. a., A. Tailricum var. a "White" WHITE *Adenophora See page 274. July, POTANIN- Potaninni Aug. NPS GLAND var. alba BELL- FLOWER "White" ST. *Anthe*ricum See page 274. Mid. BERNARD'S LILY Liliago July to early Aug. "White" BOUQUET STAR- *Aster ptarmicoides See page 277. July, Aug. FLOWER, YARROW- Cbrysopsis alba LEAVED STARWORT "White" TALL FLAT-TOP WHITE ASTER *Aster umbellatus Doellingeria umbellata Showy plant. Flowers large. Foli- age long and narrow. Good for natu- ralizing in half shady places. U.S.A. 7ft. Half shade Late Aug. to early Oct. "Pinkish PLUME **Bocc6nia See page 277. Early white" POPPY cordata [uly to B. Japonica early Aug. "White" ASTER- *Bolt6nia Plant resembling the Aster in growth 2-8 ft. Late LIKE asteroides and flower; effect, however, is more Sun Aug. BOLTONIA B. glastifolia feathery. Covered in blooming sea- to mid. son with flowers varying to purple. Oct. Attractive in rough places or in mixed border, associated with Asters, etc. Prop, by division. Any soil. Central U. S. A. See Plate, page 377. 375 WHITE TO GREENISH AUGUST Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "White" WOAD- **Bolt6nia Blossoms about one month earlier 4-5 ^. Aug., LEAVED glastifoiia than B. asteroides and is smaller and Sun Sept. BOLTONIA weaker. Flowers with yellow centres. Pale green foliage. Prop, by division. Any soil. N. Amer. "White" WHITE """Campanula See page 171. Late CARPA- Carpatica June THIAN var. alba to late HAIRBELL Aug. "White" WHITE TURBAN **Camp£nula Carpdtica var. See page 278. July to Sept. BELL- turbinata alba FLOWER C. /. var. a. "White" MILK- *Campinula See page 278. July. WHITE lactiflora Aug. BELL- FLOWER ' ftpfe| "White" WHITE ^Campanula See page 278. ii CHIMNEY- pyramidalis PLANT OR var. alba STEEPLE BELLS "White" WHITE *Camp6nula See page 171. June BLUE rotundifdlia to BELLS OF var. alba Sept. SCOTLAND "White" WOLVES'- Carlina Low dwarf plant. Flower-heads, 3-9 in. Aug. THISTLE acaulis sometimes 6 in. wide, surrounded by Sun petal-like scales, scarcely borne above the thistle-like leaves. Good rock- garden plant. Prop, by seed in spring, or cuttings. Any garden soil. Europe. "Cream TARTARIAN *Cephalaria See page 278. Early white" CEPHA- Tatarica July, LARIA * Aug. "Cream WHITE *Chel6ne See page 281. July. white" SMOOTH glabra Aug. TURTLE C. obliqua HEAD var. alba "White" SHASTA *Chrysanthe- See page 173. [une DAISY mum 0 "Shasta Sept. Daisy" "White" GIANT DAISY **Chrysan- themum A fine plant forming a dense up- right bush branching above with a 4-5 ft. Sun Aug., Sept. uliginosum Pyretbrum uligindsum profusion of large, single, rayed and yellow-centred flowers, about 2} in. across, in lax clusters. Leaves pale • , : green. Good for cutting. Needs plenty of water. Blooms the first •'•--'= . ..-• « . " ~:. i year from seed; prop, also by divi- '''%- • sion, cuttings or suckers. Rich loam, moist and heavy. Hungary. 376 ASTER-LIKE BOLTONIA. Boltonia asteroides. 377 UNIVERSITY 378 WHITE SNAKE-ROOT. Eupatorium ageratoides. WHITE TO GREENISH AUGUST Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms v Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "White" AMERICAN BUGBANE Cimicifuga Americana Flowers of disagreeable odor in long terminal racemes. Handsome foli- 2-4 ft. Sun or Aug. Actcea prodocdrpa age. Plant against dark background in some shaded spot. Prop, by seed half shade y and division. Any good soil. Alle- ghany Mts. "Creamy white" BLACK SNAKEROOT *Cimicifuga racemosa See page 281. July, early C. serpentaria Aug. "White" DAHLIA **Dahlia See page 359. Late vars. July to late Oct. "White" WHITE **Delphinium See page 282. July, LARGE- jrandifldrum Aug. FLOWERED var. album LARKSPUR "White" CYCLAMEN Eomecon See page 282. « POPPY chionantha "White" WHITE *Epil6bium See page 177. fune to GREAT angustifdlium early WILLOW var. album Aug. HERB OR E . spicatum FIRE WEED var. a. "White" HORSE- Srigeron See page 177. fune WEED, Canade*nsis :o BUTTER- Sept. WEED "White" RATTLE- Eryngium See page 177 fune SNAKE- aquaticum 0 MASTER, E. yuccccfo- Oct. BUTTON ium ' SNAKE- ROOT "White" WHITE SEA HOLLY )lanum var. See page 283. ruly to mid. album Aug. "White" WHITE SNAKE- £upat6rium ageratoides Bushy native plant found in woods. Flower-heads small, but numerous, 3-5 ft. Sun Aug., Sept. ROOT in flat clusters, covering the plant with masses of bloom. Good for cutting. Border or naturalization. Prop, by division or cuttings. Any ordinary . soil. Eastern N. Amer. See Plate, page 378. "White" TALL THOR- Eupatorium See page 283. uly, OUGHWORT altfssimum ORBONESETJ Aug. "White" THOROUGH- Eupatbrium See page 283. it WORT, BONESET, perfoliatum INDIAN SAGE "White" FLOWERING Euph6rbia See page 283. «« SPURGE corollata 379 WHITE TO GREENISH AUGUST Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Sititation Time of Bloom "Pure SUBCOR- *Funkia See page 283. July, white" DATE subcordata Aug. DAY LILY F. alba, F. corddta, F. Japonica, F. liliiftora, F. macrdntha "White" LARGE- **Funkia Large fragrant tubular flowers in I -2 ft. Late FLOWERED subcordata spikes project above the mound of Half Aug., SUBCOR- |var. large leaves. Effective along walks or shade Sept. DATE grandifldra in the margin of shrubbery. Prop, by PLANTAIN ! F. alba var. g., division, sometimes by seed just ripe. LILY F. lilhftdra Rich moist soil. Japan. var. g. "White" WHITE OR Galium See page 178. Early GREAT Mollugo June HEDGE to late BEDSTRAW, Aug. WILD MADDER "White" SYLVAN *Galium See page 284. July, BEDSTRAW sylvaticum Aug. "White" CAPE OR **Galtonia See page 284. M GIANT c&ndicans SUMMER Hyacintbus HYACINTH cdndicans "White" WINTER- Gaultheria See page 284. July, GREEN, CHECKER- proctimbens Aug. BERRY BOXBERRY "White" WHITE *Gentiana Terminal clusters of dull tubular i-i}ft. Aug. GENTIAN alba flowers tinted with green or yellow. Half Cool locations in rock-garden or bor- shade der. Prop, very slowly by seed, ako by division. Leave undisturbed. Light moist soil, rich and sandy. N. Amer. "White" SWORD **Gladiolus See page 365. [ulv tO LILY vars. Oct. "Green- RATTLE- Goodyera See page 285. July, ish SNAKE pubescens Aug. white" PLANTAIN "Pinkish POINTED- *Gyps6phila See page 285. Mid. white" LEAVED acutifdlia • - [uly CHALK- to late PLANT \ug. "Pinkish 4BABY»S **Gyps6phila white" BREATH paniculata See page 285. [uly, Aug. "Green- HERNIARY, ^Herniaria See page 285. M ish" RUPTURE- glabra WORT "White" WHITE Heuchera See page 179. fune CORAL sangumea to late BELLS var. alba Sept. H. alba 380 WHITE TO GREENISH AUGUST Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Whit- HAIRY Heiichera See page 179. Late ish" ALUM villdsa June to faintly 32 SROOT H. caulescens Sept. "White" WHITE *Hibiscus One of the best kinds of this vig- 4 ft. Aug., SWAMP Moscheutos orous plant. Native along sea-coast. Sun or Sept. ROSE OR ROSE var. albus H. palustris Large open flowers like single Holly- hocks, 4-8 in. across and borne close half shade MALLOW var. albus to the stem. Leaves large and hand- some. Winter mulch desirable. Hand- some in groups in border or shrub- bery. Prop, by seed. Any good loam, preferably sandy. N. Amer. "White" CRIMSON *Hibiscus A handsome variety. Wide open 3-5 ft- M EYE Moscheutos flowers sometimes 7 in. across, pure Sun or SWAMP var. white with velvety crimson eye, and half ROSE "Crimson bronze tinted foliage. See H. M. var. shade Eye" albus. N.J. "White" GOLD- **Lflium See page 286. Mid. BANDED ORauratum. July to JAPAN LILY mid. Aug. "White" HEART- LEAVED *Lflium cordifolium Vigorous plant. Funnel-shaped flowers, 3-5 in. long, marked with 3-4 ft. Sun or Aug., Sept. LILY purplish brown within, are borne half in racemes. Red-tinged leaves. shade Rather hard to grow. Bulbous. Prop. by scales or offsets. Light well- drained vegetable soil. Avoid direct contact with manure. Japan. "White" GIANT LILY *LQium See page 286. July, giganteum early Aug. "White" COMMON *Lflium See page 286. M TRUMPET longinorum LILY "White" GREAT **Lobelia Handsome variety. Flowers in 2-3 ft. Mid. WHITE syphilitica long spikes. Leaves almost stemless Sun Aug. LOBELIA var. alba on the flower stalks. For damp to Oct. grounds or bogs. Prop, by seed or cuttings. Hort. "White" DOUBLE *Lf chnis alba See page 289. Mid. WHITE OR var. July to EVENING flbre-pleno mid. CAMPION L. vespertina Sept. var. f.-p. "White" SINGLE AND **L£chnis See page 180. June DOUBLE Chalcedonica to WHITE vars. alba & early MALTESE alba plena Aug. CROSS "White" • WHITE MUSK *Malva moschata See page 289. July to early MALLOW var. alba Sept. 38, WHITE TO GREENISH AUGUST Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "White" DOUBLE *Matricaria See page 183. June SCENTLESS inodora var. to CAMOMILE plenissima Sept. M. i. var. ligulbsa, var. multiplex, M. granaiftbra, Chrysanthe- mum i. var. flore-pleno "Yellow- BALM Melissa See page 183 June to ish officinalis early white" Aug. "White" SHOWY *(Enothera Shrubby plant. Large broad flow- If* ft. Aug., PRIMROSE speciosa Hartmdnnia ers which turn pink, borne freely. Very attractive in rock-garden or bor- Sun Sept. specidsa der. Prop, by seed, which blooms first year, division or cuttings. Any soil. S. Western U. S. A. "White" WHITE Ononis See page 290. Mid. REST- arve"nsis July to HARROW var. alba early O. spinosa Aug. var. dlba "White" WHITE ICELAND **Papaver nudicaule See page 184. Late Apr. to POPPY var. album mid. June, late Aug., Sept. "White" AMERICAN Parthenium See page 184. June FEVERFEW, integrifdlium to PRAIRIE Sept. DOCK "White" PERENNIAL **Phl6x pani- See page 370. July to PHLOX culata vars. Oct. P. decussata "White" WHITE Physostegia See page 290. Early FALSE Virginiana July to DRAGON- var. alba Sept. HEAD P. yirginica var. dlba "White" WHITE **Platyc6don See page 187. June BALLOON grandifldrum to FLOWER var. album Oct. Campanula g. var. a., Wab- hnbergia g. var. a. 382 WHITE TO GREENISH AUGUST Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Green- ish SACALINE Pol£gonum Sachaline"nse Flowers inconspicuous, in drooping clusters. Leaves dull green, often 8- 1 2 ft. Sun or Late Aug., white" i ft. long, and very numerous. Re- shade Sept. quires plenty of room and may spread too much. Most effective in rough grounds or near water. Prop, by seed, sown in permanent position, and by division. Any garden soil. Island of Sachalian. "White" JAPAN Pol^gonum A smaller species than P. Sacha- 3-5 ft. Aug., KNOTWEED Sieboldi linense and a freer bloomer. Quick- Sun Sept. P. cuspid a- growing and useful. See P. Sacha- turn, P. linense. Japan. Zuccairnii "White" PEARL- Sagina See page 291. July. WORT subulata Aug. 5. pilifera, Spergula p., S. subulata "White" WHITE *Scabi6sa See page 189. Early WOODLAND sylvatica var. fune SCABIOUS albiflora :o late Sept. "White" WHITE **Scflla A free bloomer. Open bell-shaped i-i^ft. Aug. HYACINTH hyacinthoides flowers in many-flowered racemes. Sun or SQUILL var. alba S. parvi flora Long and narrow foliage. Charming in the border or rock-garden. Bul- half shade var. dlba bous. Prop, by offsets. Light soil enriched with manure. Mediterra- nean Region. "Cream WHITE *Sedum See page 291. Mid. white" STONECROP album July to late Aug. "White" WHITE *Sedum One of the best Sedums. Flowers I $-2 ft. Late SHOWY SEDUM spectabile var. album 5. Fabaria var. dlbum in large, showy clusters surmount leafy stems. Glaucous grayish foliage. Very hardy. Good for massing in rock-garden. Prop, by division. Ordinary garden soil. Japan. Sun Aug. to mid. Sept. "White" WHITE Statice See page 292. July, COMMON Limbnium Aug. SEA var. alba LAVENDER OR MARSH ROSEMARY "White" MOUNTAIN Thymus See page 193. iarly WILD Serpyllum [une THYME var. montanus :o mid. T. montanus, Aug. T. Chamcedrys "White" WHITE *Trades- See page 94. ^ate SPIDER- cantia May WORT Virginiana to late var. dlba Aug. 383 WHITE, YELLOW AUGUST Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Whit- ish" GREAT VIRGINIAN *Ver6nica Virginica Strong, upright plant, more or less downy. Numerous flowers in tall 2-6 ft. Sun Early Aug. SPEED- Leptdndra spike-like racemes. Effective in bor- to WELL, CULVER'S Virginica der though of somewhat coarse ap- pearance. Rich soil preferable. East- early Sept. ROOT ern U. S. A. Var. Japonica resembles the type but blooms a month earlier. Japan. "White" WHITE **Viola See page 23. Late HORNED comuta Apr. VIOLET OR var. alba until BEDDING frost PANSY "Yellow" WOOLLY- *Achfflea See page 96. Late 5 LEAVED toment6sa May to MILFOIL mid. Sept. "Pale EGYPTIAN AchiUea See page 293. July to yellow" MILFOIL Tournefdrtii Oct. 4 OR YARROW A. Aigyptlaca "Yellow" PALE *Aconitum See page 294. July to 2 YELLOW Lyc6ctonuin early WOLFSBANE A. barbatum. Sept. A. ochroleu- cum, A. squarrosum "Yellow" DOTTED Actinella See page 294. July. 6 very PICRA- scaposa Aug. deep DENIA Picradenia scaposa "Yellow" CROWN- *Actin6meris See page 294. Mid. 6 lighter BEARD squarrbsa July to late Aug. "Yellow" SILVERY Al^ssum See page 194. June to 6 MADWORT arge'ntium early A. alpestre i Aug. "Yellow" BEAKED *Al^ssum See page 194- Early 4 MADWORT rostratum June to A. Wier^- early bichii Aug. "Yellow" GOLDEN *Anthemis See page 194. Mid. 5 MARGUE- Kelwayi June RITE A. tinctoria to var. Ktlwayi Oct. "Yellow" GOLDEN *Anthemis See page 96. Mid. 2, MARGUE- tinctdria May to centre 6 RITE, ROCK Oct. CAMOMILE "Yellow" GOLDEN- **Aquilegia See page 96. Late 3&2 SPURRED chrysdntha May -, , COLUMBINE A. leptochos var. c. to late Aug. "Orange- MOUNTAIN *Arnica See page 294. 4 July. yellow" TOBACCO montana Aug. 4 OR SNUFF 384 YELLOW AUGUST Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Yellow" ITALIAN CANNA **Cannavars. See page 357. July to late Sept. "Yellow" WILD "Cassia See page 295. July, 6 SENNA Marylandica Aug. "Yellow" BLUE- Centaurea See page 295. (t 5 LEAVED glastifdlia CENTAURY OR STAR THISTLE "Yellow" SHOWY CEN- **Centaurea See page 295. Mid. 5 TAURY OR macroce*phala July to KNAPWEED Sept. "Yellow" 6 HAIRY GOLDEN Chrys6psis villbsa Rather coarse plant. Irregular clusters of aster-like flowers terminat- I -2 ft. Sun Aug. ASTER ing leafy stalks. Suitable for wild garden. Prop, by seed and division. Blooms the first year from seed. Any garden soil. N. Amer. Var. Rutteri; (color no. 6), larger than the species, 1-3 ft. high; blooms later and is desirable in the border. "Yellow" ERECT *Cle*matis See page 296. July, 3 SILKY ochrole&ca Aug. CLEMATIS C. sericea "Yellow" LARKSPUR *Core6psis See page 296. Mid. 6 paler TICKSEED delphinifdlia July to mid. Sept. "Yellow" LARGE- **Core6psis See page 196. June 5 FLOWERED grandifldra to TICKSEED Sept. "Yellow" LANCE- **Core6psis See page 196. M 6 LEAVED lanceolata TICKSEED "Yellow" STAR *Core6psis See page 296. Mid. 6 deeper TICKSEED pube*scens C. auriculata July to late Sept. "Clear yellow" TALL TICKSEED *Core6psis tripteris Vigorous branching plant with large, rayed flowers. Broad leaves 4-8 ft. Sun Aug. Sept. 5 divided into 3 parts. Showy in the border. Prop, by seed and division. Any soil. Central U. S. A. "Yellow" WHORLED *Core6psis See page 296. July, 6 paler TICKSEED verticiUata Aug. C. tenui folia "Yellow" DAHLIA **Dihlia See page 359. July vars. to late Oct. "Yellow" LADY'S Galium See page 198. June to 4 BEDSTRAW verum Sept. "Yellow" YELLOW Gentiana See page 299. July, 5 GENTIAN lutea Aug. 385 YELLOW AUGUST Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Yellow" SWORD **Gladlolus See page 365. July to LILY vars. Oct. "Yellow" BROAD- Grindelia See page 198. Late 4 LEAVED squarrosa June GUM- to PLANT Sept. "Yellow" 5 deeper SNEEZE- WEED, FALSE OR **Helenium autumnale H. grandi- Striking plant. Daisy-like flowers with prominent yellow centres and drooping petals with 3-5 teeth. Valu- 3-5 ft. Sun Aug. to late Sept. SWAMP fldrum able for back row of border or margin SUN- of shrubbery. Prop, by seed, division FLOWER or cuttings. Moist rich soil, prefer- able. N. Amer. "Yellow" LARGE- **Helenium Taller than the type with larger 2-6 ft. Aug., bet 5 & 6! FLOWERED autumuale flowers of deeper color; deeper cen- Sun Sept. SNEEZE- var. tres. See H. autumnale. N. Amer. WEED grandiflbrum "Yellow" DWARF **Helenium Dwarf variety, vigorous and free- I -2 ft. u 6 SNEEZE- autumnale flowering. Daisy-like flowers with Sun WEED var. pumilum prominent yellow centres and droop- ing petals. Good for cutting. See H. autumnale. N. Amer. "Yellow" TALL **Helenium Vigorous plant. Flowers on leafy 2-6 ft. it 5 SNEEZE- autumnale branching stalks, with bright reflexed Sun WEED var. supe*rbum H. grandiflo- petals, and protruding yellow cen- tres. Suitable for shrubbery and rum var. mixed border and excellent for cut- suptrbum ting. Prop, by seed, division or cut- tings. Loam, rich and moist. N. Amer. "Yellow" BIGELOW'S *Helenium See page 300. July. 5 SNEEZE- Bigelovu Aug. WEED "Yellow" BOLAND- *Helenium See page 198. fune 6 ER'S Bolanderi o SNEEZE- Sept. WEED OR SNEEZE- WORT "Yellow" PURPLE- *Helenium See page 300. [uly 5 HEADED nudiflorum o SNEEZE- Leptopoda Oct. WEED bracbypoda "Yellow" NARROW- Helianthus An erect plant, slightly branching. 2-6 ft. Aug. 5 LEAVED OR SWAMP angustifblius Rayed flowers 2-3 in. broad, generally solitary. Dark green narrow leaves. Sun 0 ^ov. SUN- Good in masses in shrubbery border. FLOWER Prop, by division; divide every 2 years. Light, moist soil. Eastern States. "Yellow" THIN- *Helianthus A profusion of large, rayed flowers 2-5 ft. Aug. 5 LEAVED decape* talus terminating branching stems. Rough Sun o late OR WILD foliage. Good in shrubbery, or for Sept. SUN- naturalization in wild garden. Prop. FLOWER by division; divided every 2 years. Dry soil, not too heavy. N. Amer. 386 YELLOW AUGUST Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom Var. multiflorus; (H. multiflorus), double flowers. Var. multiflorus var. flore-pleno, flowers almost completely double. Var. multiflorus var. maxi- mus, single flowers, very large with pointed rays. Soleil a Or, quilled petals; striking in border. Hort. "Yellow" SHOWY Helidnthus Numerous single flowers 2-4 in. 4-8 ft. Aug. 5 to 6 SUN- laetifldrus across on wiry stems. Rough leaves. Sun Sept. darker, centre FLOWER Good for cutting and in clumps in shrubberies. Gross feeder. Prop, by dull seed, division or cuttings. Loose dry soil. Central U. S. A. "Yellow" SMOOTH *Helianthus Rather small flowers as produced 2-5 ft. Mid. 5 SUN- FLOWER leevigatus abundantly on light graceful stems which are clothed with smooth leaves. Sun Aug. to Plant among shrubs. Prop, by divi- Oct. sion; divide every 2 years. Dry soil, not too heavy. S. Eastern U. S. A. "Yellow" HAIRY **Helianthus See page 300. July, 5 SUN- m611is Aug. FLOWER "Yellow" STIFF *Helianthus See page 300. « 5 SUN- rigidus FLOWER H. Missouri- ensis "Yellow" STIFF SUN- **Helianthus Vigorous leafy plant with large 6ft. Late bet. FLOWER rigidus graceful flowers. Desirable, isolated Sun Aug. 5 & 6 MISS var. "Miss or massed in waste places. Prop, by Sept. MELLISH Mellish" division; divide every 2 years. Dry soil, not too heavy. Hort. "Orange PALE- Helianthus See page 300. Mid. yellow" LEAVED strumbsus July 6 WOOD SUN- to late FLOWER Sept. "Yellow" WOOLLY Helianthus Large flowers with dull grayish 4-9 ft. Late 5 SUN- tomentbsus centres, borne on stout branching Sun Aug. FLOWER stalks. Very large rough leaves. to late Plant among shrubs. Prop, by divi- Sept. sion; divide every 2 years. Dry soil, not too heavy. U. S. A. "Yellow" THROAT- Helianthus See page 300. Mid. 5 WORT SUN- trackeliifolius July to early FLOWER Sept. "Yellow" OXEYE, *Heli6psis See page 300. Mid. 6 FALSE lafevis July SUN- H. helian- to late FLOWER thotdes Sept. "Yellow" PITCHER'S *Heli6psis See page 303. J June to 49 darker HOOD Sept. "Purple" GLAND *Aden6phora See page 234. June to 47 BELL- Lamarckii Sept. FLOWER "Purple" JAPAN Aletris See page 337. July, STAR Japdnica Aug. GRASS "Purple" BESSARA- *Aster One of the most beautiful of the 2ft. Aug., 46 BLAN ASTER Am^llus var. Bessarabicus dwarf Asters. Very graceful. Large flowers in abundance; orange cen- Sun Sept. A. Bessarabi- tres. Good for cutting. cus Var. elegans, similar, with darker flowers. Plant in shrubbery, wild garden or border. Prop, by seed and division. Ordinary soil. Europe. "Violet" 47 RUSH ASTER *Aster junceus See page 337. July to early Sept. "Violet" bet. SAVORY- LEAVED *Aster linariifolius See page 337. July to Oct. 46&47 ASTER Diplopappus linariifolius "Violet" LINDLEY'S *Aster Flowers with brownish centres i-3ift. Aug. 44 pale ASTER Lindleyauus rather showy and abundant. Stems Sun to stout and erect, branching at top. early Good for open position in wild garden. Prop, by seed and division. Ordinary Oct. soil. Eastern States. 403 PURPLE TO LILAC AUGUST Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Purple" 48 redder NEW ENGLAND **Aster Ndvae Perhaps the most beautiful and conspicuous of the tall Asters. Flow- 3-7 ft. Sun Mid. Aug. ASTER OR STARWORT Angliae ers originally rich violet (color no. 46 lighter), with yellow centres, but va- to late Sept. rieties include albus, white; roseus (color no. 47 redder), deep rose-col- , ored; ruber (color no. bet. 40 & 41). Striking in the shrubbery or border or to naturalize. Prop, by seed and divi- sion. Grows readily in ordinary soil, preferably moist. New England. See Plate, page 405. "Pale ARROW- Aster See page 337. J«iy. violet" LEAVED sagittifdlius Aug. ASTER "Violet" SIBERIAN *Aster Pretty and hairy. Single terminal i ft. Aug., 47 ASTER Sibiricus flowers. Foliage rather broad and or less Sept. OR long. Good for the rock-garden. Sun STARWORT Prop, by seed and division. Europe; Rocky Mts. "Purple" LOW *Aster Beautiful flowers with light yellow 2ft. Late 49 SHOWY OR spectabilis centres. Long and narrow foliage. Sun or Aug. SEASIDE Good border plant. Coast, Mass, to half to mid. PURPLE Del. shade Sept. ASTER "Pinkish BROAD- **Bolt6nia See page 337. Late laven- 'SCALED atisquama July to der" 43 BOLTONIA Oct. pinker "Pale CUT- *Calimeris See page 338. July. purple" LEAVED incisa Aug. 44 CALIMERIS Aster inclsus, Boltbnia 'nclsa "Violet" 47 CARPA- THIAN * *Camp£nula Carpatica See page 235. Late [une shading HAIRBELL to late darker • Aug. "Pale GARGANO *Camp£nula See page 128. May to blue HAIRBELL Gargdnica Sept. violet" 44 deep "Violet" CREEPING *Campanula See page 338. My, 47 lighter OR rapunculoides Aug. or darker EUROPEAN BELL- FLOWER "Violet" 47 shad- ENGLISH HAIRBELL, **Camp£nula rotundifblia See page 238. une o late ing to 49 BLUE BELLS Aug. OF SCOTLAND "Pur- COVENTRY *Camp&nula See page 339. Mid. plish" BELLS, rrachelium uly to 48 BLUE C. uticifblia mid. FOXGLOVE Aug. 404 405 OFTHE UNIVERSITY 406 PURPLE TO LILAC AUGUST Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Violet" BLUE *Catananche See page 239. June 47 SUCCORY caerulea to OR Sept. CUPIDONE "Purple" MOUNTAIN **Centaurea See page 239. <( 46 shad- BLUET OR montana ing to 39 KNAPWEED "Purple" 37 deeper MEADOW SAFFRON **C61chicum autumnale Clusters of crocus-like flowers ap- pear after the large coarse foliage which dies in June. Protect in win- 3-4 in. Sun or half Aug., Sept. ter. Plant thickly in Aug. or early shade Sept. and where the exposed flowers get the support of other foliage or in grass which is not mown early. Do not disturb unless flowers deteriorate; then separate after the leaves die. Bulbous; can also be sown from seed. Rich light soil. White, striped and also double vars. Europe. "Pur- MARYLAND *Cunua Plant of tufted habit. Profusion of i ft. « plish" DITTANY Mariana small flowers in clusters. Heart- Sun 48 shaped leaves, i in. long. Neat plant for sunny border or wild garden. Middle U. S. A. "Pur- plish" DAHLIA **Dahlia vars. See page 359. July to late Oct. "Lilac" FRINGED *Dianthus See page 339. July. 43 darker PINK superbus i early Aug. "Light GLANDU- Erbdium See page 240. June purple" LAR macradenium to STORK'S E. glandulo- Sept. OR HER- sum ON'S BILL "Pale LANCE- **Ftinkia See page 340. Late lilac" LEAVED lancifdlia July to 47 pale DAY OR F. Japonica i early PLANTAIN Sept. LILY "Lilac GOAT'S Galega See page 240. June purple" RUE officinalis to 43 Sept. "Purple" WALLICH'S Geranium See page 241 «i 42 CRANES- Wallichia- BILL num "Bluish HYSSOP H^ssopus See page 241. Mid. purple" officinalis June 49 to mid. Aug. 407 PURPLE TO LILAC AUGUST Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Violet" COMMON Lavandula Fragrant woolly sub-shrub, whiter I -2 ft. Late 55 LAVENDER Spica and of lower and more compact habit Sun Aug. than L. vera; flowers in shorter, to mid. denser spikes. Slight protection nec- Sept. essary. An old favorite on account of its fragrance. Border. Prop, by young wood cuttings. Light, rich, open soil. S. Europe. "Violet" TRUE Lavandula See page 341. Mid. bet. LAVENDER vera July to 47& 49 Sept. "Purple" 33 bluer TWO- FLOWERED Lespedeza bicolor Graceful shrub. Pea-shaped flowers in racemes which branch out from 6- 10 ft. Sun or Early Aug. BUSH Desmodium the main stalk. Small round leaves. half D to CLOVER penduli- Ornamental in border and edges of shade early fibrum shrubbery. Prop, by seed and divi- Oct. sion. Japan; N. China. "Purple" CYLINDRIC *Liatris Resembles L. squarrosa though i ft. Aug. 32 BLAZING cylindracea more of a dwarf plant. Wild garden Sun or O STAR Lacinaria or border. Prop, by seed sown in half cylindracea autumn or by offsets. Rich soil pref- shade erable. Western N. Y. and West. "Purple" HANDSOME *Liatris See page 341. Early 39 very bright & BLAZING STAR Slogans Lacinaria July to mid. clear elegans Aug. "Purple" 46 LOOSE- FLOWERED *Liatris rraminifolia See page 341. July to Oct. BUTTON Lacinaria SNAKE- gramini folia ROOT "Purple" 42 lighter DENSE- SPIKED BLAZING **Liatris pycnostachya Flowers in dense spikes continuing in bloom for a long time. Thick grass- like foliage. Good in masses in the 3-5 ft. Half sbade Aug. to mid. STAR border. Prop, by seed or division. Sept. Rich soil is best. Central U. S. A. "Dark laven- SCARIOUS BLAZING **Liatris scariosa Tubular flowers in large, lax spikes on stout whitish stalks. Foliage lance- i-5/t. Sun Aug. Sept. der" 47 STAR shaped. Effective in masses. Prop. by seed and division. Rich soil pref- erable. Canada; U. S. A. "Deep DENSE **Liatris See page 341. Mid. purple" BUTTON spicata July to 46 SNAKE- Lacinaria early ROOT, GAY FEATHER spicata Sept. "Ma- COMMON *Liatris Flowers showy, in few heads. Fo- I -2 ft. Aug., genta purple" BLAZING STAR, squarrosa Lacinaria liage somewhat grass-like. Mass in wild garden or border. Prop, by fall- Sun or sbade early Sept. 45 more COLIC-ROOT squarrosa sown seed or by offsets. Easily culti- purple vated in any light, though preferably rich soil. Penn., S. and W. 408 PURPLE TO LILAC AUGUST Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Lilac" KENIL- Linaria See page 242. June 47 light WORTH Cymbalaria to IVY, Sept. MOTHER- OF- THOU- SANDS "Bluish purple" HIMA- LAYAN *Lindel6fia spectibilis See page 341. Early July to 44 duller LUNGWORT early Aug. "Light purple" REQUIEN'S PENNY- Me*ntha Requieni See page 342. July, Aug. 44 ROYAL "Pur- SPEAR- Me*ntha See page 342. M plish" MINT spicata 39 M. viridis "Violet" MUSSIN'S Ne-peta See page 342. M 47 tinged CATMINT Mussini 46 N. longifblia "Purple" 47 deep SCOTCH THISTLE Onop6rdon Acanthium See page 342. N "Lilac" SNAKE'S Dphiopdgon See page 342. «( 43 BEARD Jaburan "Pale GIANT *0str6wskia See page 342. « lilac" BELL- magnifica 43 FLOWER "Deep VIOLET Petalostemon See page 245. June violet" PRAIRIE violaceus until CLOVER Kubnistera frost purpurea "Lilac PERENNIAL **Phl6x See page 370. Tuly to purple" PHLOX paniculata Oct. vars. P. decussata "Bluish violet" BELL- FLOWERED *Phyteuma campa- See page 343. July, Aug. bet. HORNED nuloides 46& 47 RAMPION "Bluish SMALL OR Scabiosa See page 246. [une purple" LILAC- Columbaria 0 near 50 FLOWERED Oct. SCABIOUS "Purple" 49 MOUNTAIN SKULLCAP *Scutellaria alpina See page 343. larly uly o late Sept. "Rosy purple" PRETTY GROUND- *Senecio pdlcher See page 344. uly. Aug. 40 SEL "Light violet" TORREY'S NIGHT- Solanum T6rreyi See page 344. «< 44 deep SHADE "Dull TALL SEA Statice See page 344. Mid. violet" 47 LAVENDER elata uly to :arly Sept. 409 LILAC, BLUE AUGUST Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Rose CHOICE SEA Statice Flowers in somewhat one-sided I -2 ft. Aug. lilac" LAVENDER eximia clusters. Coarse leaves with wavy Sun bet. margins spring from the root. Plant 44& 38 in isolated clumps or in rock-garden. Prop, by seed and division. Sandy , well-drained soil. Songoria. "Blue GMELIN'S *Statice See page 344. Late violet" SEA Gmelini July to 44 LAVENDER early Sept. "Bluish BROAD- **Statice See page 344. M purple" LEAVED latifdlia 47 SEA LAVENDER "Purple" WALL GER- Teucrium See page 345. Mid. 39 MANDER Chamaedrys July to mid. Aug. "Lilac" MOTHER Th^mus See page 249. Mid. 43 OF THYME, Serp^llum June to CREEPING mid. THYME Aug. "Pur- COMMON *Tradescantia See page 140. Late plish" 44, SPIDER- Virginiana May 48 or 49 WORT T. Virginica to late Aug. "Deep SUB- **Ver6nica One of the best Veronicas. Showy 2-3 ft. Early blue purple" SESSILE LONG- longifolia var. vigorous branching plant, covered with long dense spikes of small brilliant Sun Aug. to mid. 55 LEAVED subse"ssilis flowers. Excellent for the border. Sept. VERONICA y. spicata Prop, by division. Rich loam pref- erable. Japan. "Violet" HORNED **Viola See page 48. Late 47 or 49 VIOLET, BEDDING cornuta Apr. until PANSY frost "Deep AUTUMN **Aconltum See page 345. Mid. blue" ACONITE, autumnale July to 56 MONKS- mid. HOOD OR Sept. WOLFS- BANE "Blue" STORK'S *Aconrtum See page 345. July, PURPLE Cammarum Aug. WOLFS- var. BANE Storkianum A. S., A. intermedium "Deep TRUE **Aconltum See page 345. Mid. purple MONKS- Nape"llus July to blue" HOOD, A. pvramidale »• early near 49 OFFICINAL A. Tauricum Sept. ACONITE 410 BLUE AUGUST Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Blue" GLAND *Aden6phora See page 345. July to 61 BELL- communis mid. FLOWER A. Fiscberi, Aug. A. liUftora. A. lili folia "Light POTAN- *Aden6phora See page 346. July. blue" NINI'S Potannini Aug. 61 duller GLAND BELL- FLOWER "Deep LEAD *Amdrpha See page 346. Earfy blue" 49 PLANT cane*scens July to early Aug. "Lilac MAACK'S *Aster Dwarf plant. Smooth leaves and 1-2 ft. Mid. blue" 53 ASTER Maackii stems with large flowers. Good bor- Sun Aug. lighter & der plant. Prop, by seed and division. to late brighter Good rich soil. Japan. Sept. "Pur- GREAT *Camp&nula See page 253. June to plish BELL- latifolia early blue" 46 FLOWER Aug. "Blue" CHIMNEY *Camp£nula See page 346. July, 48 CAMPA- jyramidalis Aug. NULA, STEEPLE BELL- FLOWER "Cobalt blue"- BLUE- FLOWERED Ceratostigma plumbagi- Beautiful half-shrubby plant which forms neat tufts and is covered with a 6- 1 2 in. Sun Late Aug.. 61 LEADWORT noides wealth of flowers that gradually be- Sept. Plumbago come violet. Excellent for rock-gar- Ldrpenta, den or edging. Protect in winter. Valoiadia p. Prop, by division. Warm light soil. China. "Blue" FREMONT'S *Cle*matis See page 346. fuly.' 53 CLEMATIS Fremonti Aug. "Light HERA- *Clematis Erect sturdy plant. Hyacinth- 2-3 ft. Aug., blue" CLEUM- leracleaef&lia shaped flowers in terminal and axil- Sun Sept. 44 bluer LEAVED CLEMATIS C. lubulosa lary clusters. Bright green foliage. Border or rock-garden. Prop, by division and cuttings, and with diffi- culty by seed. Rich deep soil. China. Var. Davtdiana, (C. tubulosa var. Davidiana): (color no. 54 lighter). Best form. Stems, 4 ft. tall, need slight support. Flowers with Orange- • blossom fragrance. Leaves very large. Fine border plant. Japan; China. "Blue" BEE **Delphfnium See page 253. une 61 LARKSPUR datum o 9. alplnum, Sept. D. pyrami- dale "Blue" GREAT- **Delphfnium See page 347. uly. 62 FLOWERED grand iflbrum Aug. LARKSPUR D< Sin&nse 411 BLUE AUGUST Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Blue" LOFTY *Echinops See page 347. July. 50 & GLOBE exaltatus Aug. cream THISTLE "Steel RITRO **Echlnops See page 348. « blue" GLOBE Ritro 53 colder THISTLE "Pale ROUND- *Echinops See page 348. N blue" 52 HEADED sphaero- greenish GLOBE ce*phalus THISTLE "Bright ALPINE SEA *Er^ngium See page 348. M blue" 53 HOLLY alpinum "Ame- AMETHYST **Er^ngium See page 254. June to thyst SEA HOLLY amethysti- early blue" nuin Sept. 63 lighter "Blue"- BOURGAT'S *Er£ngium See page 348. Mid. 63 ERYNGO Bourgati July to early ' Sept. "Blue1' DANE- Er^ngium See page 348. " 63 lighter WEED, HUNDRED campistre THISTLE * "Blue" FLAT- **Er^ngium See page 348. July, LEAVED planum Aug. ERYNGO "Deep blue" CLOSED BOTTLE OR Gentiana Andre" wsii A common wild herb. Flowers, which never open, stemless and sup. 2ft. Half Aug., Sept. 56 BLIND G. Catesbai ported on whorls of leaves. Brook- sbadt GENTIAN side, rock-garden or wild garden. Prop, by division or very slowly by seed. Leave undisturbed. Good moist soil. N. Amer. "Deep WILLOW *Gentiana Seepage 351. July to blue" GENTIAN asclepiadea early 59 lighter Sept. "Blue" WIND Gentiana Funnel-shaped flowers in racemes 6 in. Aug., 60 FLOWER, HARVEST Pneumo- nanthe terminating leafy stalks. Pretty when planted in grass on the banks of Half shade Sept. BELLS streams. Prop, very slowly by seed, also by division. Leave undisturbed. Rich deep soil mixed with humus. Europe: N. Asia. "Light BARREL OR *Gentiana Closed flowers about I in. long. 1-2 ft. it blue" SOAPWORT Saponaria erect in clusters. Wild or rock-gar- Sun or 62 GENTIAN G. Catetbai den. Leave undisturbed. Prop, by half greener seed just ripe. Deep loam well- sbade drained. N. Amer. "Violet" IBERIAN Geranium See page 254. June blue" CRANES- Ibericum to 46 light BILL Sept. "Blue" MEADOW *Geranium See page 257. " 46 bluer CRANES- prate"nse BILL 412 BLUE AUGUST Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Blue" GLOBE *Globularia See page 257. June to 53 DAISY vulgaris Sept. "Light SHEP- *Jasi6ne See page 351. Early blue" 52 dull HERD'S OR SHEEP pere"nnis July to early SCABIOUS, Aug. SHEEP'S BIT "Blue" AUSTRIAN *Linum See page 258. June 61 FLAX Austriacum to L. perenne Sept. var. A. "Blue" 46 GREAT LOBELIA, BLUE **Lobelia syphilftica Tubular flowers in long leafy spikes, on slightly hairy stalks. Foliage large, smooth or hairy. Good border plant. ,-3 ft. Sun Mid. Aug. to late CARDINAL Moist soil. Eastern U. S. A. Sept. FLOWER "Blue" EVER- *Myos6tis See page 153. May to 57 FLOWER- palustris var. Sept. ING FOR- sempgrflorens GET-ME- NOT "Blue" LARGE- Ne'peta See page 261. Late 53 FLOWERED macrantha June to CATMINT early Sept. "Blue" BALLOON **Platyc6don See page 352. Early often 56 FLOWER, jjrandifldrum fuly to JAPANESE 'Yablenbergia, Oct. BELL- grandiftbra, FLOWER Campanula g. "Blue" HAIRY Rue-Ilia See page 353. Early 47 RUELLIA ciliosa July to late Aug. "Blue" 52 PITCHER'S SAGE *Salvia azurea var. A sky-colored plant, slightly downy. Flowers blue, varying to white. Pret- i-5 ft. Sun ^ate rrandifldra ty in border. Protect in winter. Sept. S. Pitcberi Light sandy soil. S. Central U. S. A. "Blue" MEALY *Salvia See page 353. fuly, 46 lighter SAGE farinacea Aug. "Pale GRASS- *Scabi6sa See page 262. une blue" LEAVED graminifolia o often bet. SCABIOUS Oct. 43 & 44 "Bluish" WOOD- *Scabi6sa See page 262. larly near 39 LAND ylvatica une paler SCABIOUS o late Sept. "Blue" HYACINTH **Scflla Rather shy bloomer. Small open i-i^ft. Aug 58 SQUILL hyacinthoides bell-shaped flowers in many-flowered Sun or 5. parviflbra racemes. Long narrow leaves in a balf spreading clump at the base. Very bade pretty in the border or wild garden. Bulbous. Prop, by offsets. Light soil enriched with manure. Mediterra- nean Region. 413 BLUE, PARTI-COLORED AUGUST Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Blue" BLUE **Scflla Small bell-shaped flowers in race- I-I^ft. Aug. 57 deep HYACINTH SQUILL hyacinthoides var. c as rule a mes. Leaves in a spreading clump at the base of the plant. Charming in Sun or shade S. parvt flora the border or wild garden. Bulbous. var. c. Light soil enriched with manure. Mediterranean Region. "Blue" BAICAL'S *Scutellaria See page 353. July. 49 SKULLCAP Baicatensis A * Aug. 5. macrdntba . "Deep COMMON **Statice See page 353. M blue" SEA Limonium 46 LAVENDER, S. maritima MARSH ROSEMARY "Blue" STOKES' **Stokesia Somewhat aster-like flowers, few to i-iift. Aug. 52 dull ASTER cyanea many on leafy stalks. Useful for cut- Sun to ting. Excellent in border. Protect early slightly in winter. Prop, by division. Oct. Loamy soil, sandy and well-drained. S. Atlantic States. See Plate, page 406. "Blue" AUSTRIAN *Ver6nica See page 353. Early 53 SPEED- Austriaca July to WELL early Aug. Parti- PARKIN- *C61chicum Distinct species. Crocus-like flow- 4-6 in. Aug., colored SON'S Parkinson! ers, white checkered and barred with Sun or Sept. white & CHECK- purple, unsupported by foliage. Small half 34 ERED leaves appear in spring. Plant in shade MEADOW clumps in rock-garden or border SAFFRON among carpeting plants. Protect in winter. Bulbous. Prop, by offsets. Sandy loam, rich and light. Greek * Archipelago. Parti- FRENCH OR **Canna See page 357. July colored CROZY vars. to late CANNA Sept. Parti- ITALIAN **Canna See page 358. « colored CANNA vars. Parti- DAHLIA **Dahlia See page 359. July colored vars. to late Oct. 6 shading GREAT- **Gaillardia See page 263 fune from FLOWERED aristata :o 19 to 14 GAILLARDIA G. grandifldra Nov. Parti- SWORD **Gladiolus See page 365. [uly to colored LILY vars. Oct. Parti- BROWN'S **Lffium See page 354. July, colored LILY Brdwni Aug. L. Japdnicum var. Brdwnii 44& 11 ALPINE Linaria See page 354. . <« TOADFLAX alpina 414 VARIOUS AUGUST Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom Various BEAR'S **Acanthus See page 354. July. BREECH, mdllis Aug. CUTBER- DILL SEDOCKE Various VERY **Acanthus See page 357. M PRICKLY spinossimus BEAR'S BREECH Various PRICKLY **Acanthus See page 357. M BEAR'S spinosus BREECH 2, 34, 35, HOLLY- **Althaea See page 357. H 22, 27, HOCK rosea white etc. Various FRENCH OR **Canna See page 357. July to CROZY vars. late CANNA Sept. Various ITALIAN **Canna See page 358. i« CANNA vars. Various DAHLIA **Dahlia vars. See page 359. July to late Oct. Often 33 dark SCARLET DAHLIA Dahlia coccinea See page 365. July to early Oct. Various VON Dahlia See page 365. ti MERCK'S M6rckii DAHLIA D. Gldbraia Often COMMON Dahlia See page 365. «i 17 dark DAHLIA variabilis D. rosea Various SWORD **Gladiolus See page 365. July to LILY Oct. White, 2,44 COB^EA BEARD- *Pentstemon Cobsea See page 370. July, Aug. TONGUE Various PERENNIAL PHLOX **Phl6x paniculata See page 370. July to Oct. vars. P. decussata Often 39 or 38 EGYPTIAN OR *Scabi6sa arve"nsis See page 273. Early June to GYPSIES' S. v&ria mid. ROSE Aug. Various PANSY, **Viola See page 68. Mid. HEART'S- tricolor Apr. to EASE mid. Sept. 415 SEPTEMBER WHITE TO GREENISH Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "White" SNEEZE- Achillea See page 167. June WORT Ptannica to mid. Sept. "White" DOUBLE **Achillea See page 167. June SNEEZE- Ptannica var. to Oct. WORT "The Pearl" "White" SIBERIAN MILFOIL OR *Achillea Sibirica See page 274. July to Oct. YARROW A. Mongdlicp, A. ptarnzi- coides "Nearly WHITE **Aconitum See page 274. Mid. white" MONKS- Napellus July to HOOD OR var. album early OFFICINAL A. pyrami- Sept. ACONITE dale var. a. A. Tauricum, var. a. "White" JAPANESE BANE- BERRY Act&a Jap6nica Dense spikes of flowers, good for cutting and lasting a long time. Ef- fective border plant. Needs light 2*ft. Half shade Sept., Oct. rich soil. Japan. "Cream ANEMONE **Anem6ne One of the best autumn plants. 2-3 ft. Late white" HONORINE Jap6nica Similar to the type. Large flowers Sun or Sept. JOBERT var. alba with yellow centres. Handsome foli- half to age. Good for cutting. Plant in shade early masses under trees or in clumps in the ^ov. border. Leave undisturbed and pro- tect in winter. Prop, by seed and division. Rich soil. Hort. See Plate, page 418. *A. Japonica var. "The Whirl- wind;" a strong vigorous plant like the type, but with semi-double white flowers 2^-3 in. across, blooming more abundantly and lasting longer. Hort. "White" TALL Aster See page 375. Late FLAT-TOP umbellatus Aug. WHITE Dodhngena o ASTER itmbellata early Oct. "Whit- VARIOUS- *Aster Dwarf species with flowers about 2-3 ft. Sept., ish" COLORED versicolor i in. across, changing from white to Sun early turns 39 STARWORT mauve. Plant in mixed border or Oct. rock-garden. Sandy soil, Prop, by division. N. Amer. 4r6 AUTUMN 417 OF THE UNIVERSITY WHITE TO GREENISH SEPTEMBER Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "White" ASTER- *Bolt6nia See page 375. Late LIKE asteroides Aug. BOLTONIA B. glasti folia to mid. Oct. "White" WOAD- **Bolt6nia See page 376. Aug., LEAVED glastifblia Sept. BOLTONIA "White" centre 5 to 6 NIPPON CHRYSAN- THEMUM *Chrysanthe- mum Nippdnicum Large glistening daisy-like flowers sometimes 4 in. across, with yellow centres. Thick foliage. Good for 2ft. Sun Sept., Oct. border. Thrives in moderately light enriched soil. Japan. "White" GIANT **Chrysan- See page 376. Aug., DAISY themum Sept. uliginosum Pyretbrum u "White" DAHLIA **Dahlia See page 359. Late vars. July to late Oct. "White" RATTLE- SNAKE- Eryngium aquaticum See page 177. June to MASTER, E. yucca- Oct. BUTTON folium SNAKEROOT "White" WHITE Eupatdrium See page 379. Aug., SNAKEROOT ageratoides Sept. "White" LARGE- **Funkia See page 380. Late FLOWERED subcordata Aug., SUBCOR- var. Sept. DATE grandiflbra PLANTAIN F. alba var.g., LILY F. liliiflora var. g. "White" SWORD **Gladiolus See page 365. July to LILY vars. Oct. "White" WHITE Heuchera 'See page 179. June CORAL sanguinea :o late BELLS var. alba Sept. H. alba "White" CALIFOR- NIA ROSE *Hibiscus Califtfrnicus Vigorous shrubby plant. Flowers 4-5 £ in. across, sometimes pink, with 5-7 ft. Sun or Sept., Oct. MALLOW purple centres. Heart-shaped leaves, half gray beneath. Good in border. Pro- bade tect in winter. Prop, by seed. Any garden soil, preferably sandy and rich. Cal. "White" WHITE *Hibiscus See page 381. Aug., SWAMP Moscheutos Sept. ROSE OR var. albus ROSE H. p alii sir is MALLOW var. albus "White" CRIMSON *Hibfscus See page 381. «< EYE Moscheutos SWAMP var. "Crimson ROSE Eye" 419 WHITE TO GREENISH SEPTEMBER Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "White" JAPANESE *Lespedeza Resembles L. Sieboldi, but blooms 4-6 ft. Sept.. BUSH CLOVER Japdnica Desmodium Japdnicum a fortnight later. Strong vigorous plant with a profusion of pea-shaped flowers drooping in elongated racemes. Sun Oct. Dull pale green compound foliage. Ornamental in the border or edge of shrubbery. Prop, by division. Easily cultivated. Japan. "White" AUTUMN SNOW- *Leuc6jum autumnale Not hardy everywhere. Related to Snowdrop. Fragrant drooping bell- /&r Sept. FLAKE Acis shaped flowers, red-tinted, 1-3 on shade autumn till s slender stems, followed by slender shrubby foliage. Attractive in border and in shady sheltered part of rock- garden or shrubbery. Bulbous. Prop, by offsets. Any soil. Portugal. "White" HEART- *Lflium See page 381. Aug., LEAVED cordifblium Sept. LILY "White" GREAT **Lobelia See page 381. Mid. WHITE LOBELIA sypbjlitica var. alba Aug. to Oct. "White" DOUBLE *L^chnis See page 289. Mid. WHITE OR alba var. July to EVENING flore-pleno mid. CAMPION L. vespertlna Sept. var. f.-p. "White" WHITE MUSK *Malva moschata See page 289. [uly to early MALLOW var. alba Sept. "White" SHOWY *UM var. album to mid. S. Fabaria Sept. var. album "Whit- GREAT *Ver6nica See page 384. Early ish" VIRGINIAN Virginica Aug. SPEED- Leptandra to WELL, Virginica early CULVER'S Sept. ROOT "White" WHITE **Viola See page 23. Late HORNED comuta Apr. VIOLET OR var. alba until BEDDING frost PANSY "Yellow" WOOLLY- *Achillea See page 96. Late 5 LEAVED tomentdsa May to MILFOIL mid. Sept. "Pale yellow" EGYPTIAN MILFOIL OR Achillea Tournefortii See page 293. July to Oct. 4 YARROW A. /Egyptiaca "Yellow" 2 PALE YELLOW *Aconitum Lyc6ctonum See page 294. July to early WOLFS- A. barbatum, Sept. BANE A. ocbroleu- cum, A. squarrbsum "Yellow" GOLDEN *Anthemis See page 194. Mid. 5 MARGUE- K&wayi June RITE A. tinctbria to var. Ktlwayi Oct. "Yellow" GOLDEN *Anthemis See page 96. Mid. 2, MARGUE- tinctdria May to centre 6 RITE, ROCK Oct. CAMOMILE "Yellow" ITALIAN **C£nna vars. See page 357 July to CANNA late Sept. "Yellow" 6 paler LARKSPUR TICKSEED *Core6psis delphinifolia See page 296. Mid. July to mid. Sept. 421 YELLOW SEPTEMBER Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Yellow" STAR Coreopsis See page 296. Mid. 6 deeper TICKSEED pube*scens July to C. auriculata late Sept. "Clear yellow" TALL TICKSEED *Core6psis tripteris See page 385. Aug., Sept. "Yellow" DAHLIA **Ddhlia See page 359. July to vars. late Oct. "Yellow" SWORD **Glad!olus See page 365. July to LILY vars. Oct. "Yellow" SNEEZE- **Helenium See page 386. Aug. 5 deeper WEED, autumnale to late FALSE OR H. grandi- Sept. SWAMP ftorum SUN- FLOWER "Yellow" LARGE- **Helenium See page 386. Aug., bet. 5&6 FLOWERED autumnale Sept. SNEEZE- var. WEED ^randiflorum "Yellow" DWARF **Helenium See page 386. var. album HOOD & VAR. early Sept. white 274 Aconitum uncinatum WILD Mid. June Purple 3-5 ft- Sun or half 233 MONKSHOOD to Sept. shade Adonis vernalis SPRING ADONIS Mid. Apr. Yellow 8-15 in. it 23 to June Ajuga Genevensis ERECT BUGLE May Blue 6-8 in. Sun or 141 shade Ajuga reptans BUGLE Early May it 3-4 in. ii 141 to mid.June Allium Holy GOLDEN GARLIC Mid. Apr. Yellow i ft. it 24 to June Althaea rosea HOLLYHOCK July, Aug. Various 5-8 ft. Sun 357 Alyssum saxatile ROCK MADWORT Mid. Apr.to Yellow i ft. it 24 late May Alyssum saxatile var. COMPACT ROCK Mid. Apr. (t it it 24 compactum MADWORT to June Amsonia AMSONIA Late May, Blue 2-3 ft. ii 142 Taberaaemontana early June Anemone Japonica JAPANESE Late Sept. Rose, 2-5 ft. Sun or half 43>. & vars. WINDFLOWER to early white, shade 416 & VARS. Nov. ' pink Anemone sylvestris SNOWDROP Late Apr. White !-I*ft. ii 1 1 WINDFLOWER to mid.July Aquilegia caerulea LONG-SPURRED Mid. May Blue II SMI '45 COLUMBINE to July Aquilegia chry santha GOLDEN-SPURRED Late May Yellow 3-4 ft. ii 96 COLUMBINE to late Aug. Aquilegia formosa HYBRID CALIFOR- Mid. May Red i-i-Jft. ii 114 var. hybrida NIAN COLUMBINE to July Aquilegia glandulosa ALTAIAN May, June Blue i-iift. ii '45 COLUMBINE * AH plants in this list are prefixed in the previous text by a idouble star, indicating their excellence. 446 BEST HERBACEOUS PLANTS Botanical Name. English Name. Time of Bloom. Color. Height. Situation. Page. Aquilegia vulgaris var. nivea WHITE COLUMBINE Mid. May to July White 2-3 ft. Sun 72 Arabis albida WHITE ROCK Early Apr. u 6-8 in. u 1 1 CRESS to June Armeria maritima CUSHION PINK Mid. May Pink 3-6 in. u 118 to mid.June Armeria maritima LAUCHE'S Late Apr. ti it H 39 var. Laucheana THRIFT to mid.June Asclepias tuberosa BUTTERFLY Early July Orange 2-3 ft. It 3i7 WEED to early Aug. Aster alpinus & var. albus BLUE ALPINE ASTER & VAR. Late May to late June Violet, white 3-10 in. Sun or half shade 128, 75 Aster laevis SMOOTH ASTER Sept., Blue 4ft. tt 438 early Oct. Aster Novae Angliae NEW ENGLAND Mid. Aug. Purple 3-7 ft. Sun 404 ASTER to late Sept. Aster Shortii SHORT'S ASTER Late Sent. Violet 2-4 ft. Sun or 435 to late Oct. shade Aster Tartaricus TARTARIAN Late Sept., Purple 7 ft. or less Sun or half 436 ASTER Oct. shade Aster turbinellus PRAIRIE ASTER Mid. Sept. Mauve 2-4 ft. Sun 436 to Nov. Astilbe Chinensis CHINESE GOAT'S July, early Pink I*-2ft. Half shade 329 BEARD Aug. Astilbe decandra FALSE GOAT'S Early June White 3-6 ft. « 1 68 BEARD to early July Astilbe Japonica JAPANESE FALSE GOAT'S BEARD Mid. June to mid.July «i .-3 ft. « 1 68 Aubrietia deltoidea PURPLE ROCK Early Apr. Violet 2-10 in. Sun or half 43 CRESS to late May shade Baptisia australis BLUE WILD Late May Blue 4-4* ft- Sun 277 INDIGO to mid.June Bocconia cordata PLUME POPPY Early July White 3-8 ft. « 277 to early Aug. Boltonia glastifolia WOAD-LEAVED Aug., Sept. M 4-5 ft. « 376 BOLTONIA Boltonia latisquama BROAD-SCALED Late July Lavender 4ft. « 337 BOLTONIA to Oct. Bulbocodium SPRING MEADOW Apr. Purple 4-6 in. M 44 vernum SAFFRON Campanula CARPATHIAN Late June Violet, 9 18 in. H 237, Carpatica& var. alba HAIRBELL & VAR. to late Aug. white 171 Campanula WHITE TURBAN July, Aug. White 6-12 in. « 278 Carpatica var. BELLFLOWER turbinata alba Campanula CLUSTERED June, July Purple 1-2 ft. M 237 glomerata BELLFLOWER Campanula latifolia LARGE- Early June, << 3-5 ft- Sun or 238 var. macrantha BLOSSOMED July shade BELLFLOWER 447 BEST HERBACEOUS PLANTS Botanical Name English Name. Time of Bloom. Color. Height. Situation. Page. Campanula Medium Campanula nobilis CANTERBURY BELLS NOBLE BELLFLOWER Late June, July Mid. June to Aug. Various u I*-4ft. 2ft. Sun tt 264 264 Campanula persicifolia PEACH-LEAVED BELLFLOWER Early June to mid.July Violet rfjft. tt 238 Campanula persicifolia var. alba WHITE PEACH-LEAVED BELLFLOWER Early June to early July White iHft- y 171 Campanula persicifolia vars. Backhousei & Moerheimi BACKHOUSE'S & MOERHEIM'S PEACH-LEAVED BELLFLOWERS June, July « iHft. « 171 Campanula pyramidalis CHIMNEY CAMPANULA July, Aug. Blue 4-6 ft. M 346 Campanula rotundifolia ENGLISH HAIRBELL June to late Aug. Violet 6-12 in. || 238 Campanula Van Houttei VAN HOUTTE'S BELLFLOWER Early June to mid.July 1C 2ft. H 238 Canna vars. FRENCH & ITALIAN CANNA July to ate Sept. Various 3-4* ft. M 357- 358 Centaurea macrocephala CENTAURY Mid. July to Sept. Yellow 2i-3 ^ M 295 Centaurea montana Centaurea montana vars. alba & rosea Chionodoxa Luciliae & var. gigantea MOUNTAIN BLUET WHITE & ROSY MOUNTAIN BLUETS GLORY OF THE SNOW fune to Sept. Late May to early July Mid. Mar. o early May Purple White, rose Blue 1 2-20 in, 9-20 in. 3-8 in. « « Sun or half shade 239 75. 121 7 Chrysanthemum vars. HARDY CHRYSANTHEMUM Sept., Oct. Various 2-3 ft. Sun 440 Chrysanthemum coccineum RED CHRYSANTHEMUM fune, July « I -2 ft. tt 264 Chrysanthemum maximum LARGE- FLOWERED WHITEWEED M White I ft. tt 172 Chrysanthemum ! uliginosum GIANT DAISY Aug.. Sept. « 4-5 ^. tt 376 Clematis heracleaefolia var. stans ERECT HERAC- LEUM-LEAVED CLEMATIS Sept., early Oct. Blue « tt 439 Clematis recta WHITE HERBACEOUS VIRGIN'S BOWER larly June o mid. fuly White 2-3 ft. tt '73 Colchicum autumnale MEADOW SAFFRON Aug., Sept. Purple 3-4 in. Sun or half shade 407 Colchicum speciosum HANDSOME MEADOW SAFFRON Early Sept. o early Oct. Violet 6-12 in. tt 436 448 BEST HERBACEOUS PLANTS Botanical Name. English Name. Time of Bloom. Color. Height. Situation. Page. Convallaria majalis LILY-OF-THE- Mid. May White 8 in. Half shade 75 VALLEY to mid. or shade June Coreopsis LARGE-FLOW- June to Yellow 1-2 ft. Sun .96 grandiflora ERED TICKSEED Sept. Coreopsis lanceolata LANCE-LEAVED June to M M tt 196 TICKSEED Sept. Crocus vars. CROCUS Mid. Mar. Various 6-8 in. Sun or half 8 to late Apr shade Crocus biflorus SCOTCH CROCUS u Parti- « • 8 colored Crocus Susianus CLOTH OF GOLD tt Yellow 3 in. M 4 CROCUS Crocus vernus SPRING CROCUS M Various 4-5 in- « 8 Cypripedium pubescens LARGE YELLOW LADY'S SLIPPER May, June Yellow I -2 ft. Shade 99 Cypripedium SHOWY LADY'S June White I -2* ft. Half shade '74 spectabile SLIPPER or shade Dahlia vars. CACTUS, DECORA- TIVE, FANCY, Late July to late Oct. Various 3-6 ft. Sun 359. 360, QUILLED SHOW& 363, SINGLE DAHLIAS 364 Daphne Cneorum GARLAND Late Apr., Pink 6-12 in. Sun or half 39 FLOWER May shade Delphinium elatum BEE LARKSPUR June to Blue 2-6 ft. tt 253 Sept. Delphinium ORIENTAL June, July tt 2-3 ft. ti 253 formosum LARKSPUR Delphinium grandi- florum & var. album GREAT-FLOW- ERED LARKSPUR July, Aug. Blue, white 2-3 ft. Sun 347- 282 & VAR. Delphinium grandi- CHINESE June, July Various - I -2 ft. tt 267 florum var. Chinense LARKSPUR Delphinium HYBRID M Blue 3-4 ft. Sun or half 254 hybridum LARKSPUR shade Dianthus barbatus SWEET WILLIAM M Various io-i8in. Sun 267 Dianthus CINNAMON PINK July, Aug. Pink i ft. tt 33° cinnabarinus Dianthus cruentus DARK RED PINK June, July Red i*iift. tt 213 Dianthus deltoides MAIDEN PINK May, June Pink 6-9 in. tt 121 Dianthus latifolius BROAD-LEAVED June to M 6-12 in. tt 224 PINK Sept. Dianthus PINK MISS Late May White 4-6 in. tt 76 "Miss Simkins" SIMKINS to late June Dianthus plumarius SCOTCH PINK M Pink i ft. tt 122 Dianthus GARDEN PINK [une it 8-12 in. tt 227 plumarius vars. Dianthus plumarius DOUBLE WHITE tt White 8-12 in. tt '74 vars. alba plena & GARDEN PINKS "White Witch" 449 BEST HERBACEOUS PLANTS Botanical Name. English Name. Time of Bloom. Color. Height. Situation. Page. Dianthus Seguierii SEGUIER'S PINK Late June, Rose I ft. Sun 227 July Dicentra eximea WILD BLEEDING Early June ii I -2 ft. Half shade 227 HEART to Aug. Dicentra spectabilis BLEEDING HEART Late Apr.to «i « Half shade 40 mid. July best Dictamnus albus & GAS PLANT June, July White, 2-3 ft. Sun or half '74, var. rubra pink shade 227 Digitalis purpurea & var. alba COMMON FOX- GLOVE & VARS. June, early July Various, white 2-3 ft. « 267, '74 Echinacea purpurea PURPLE July, Aug. Pink 2-3* ft. Sun 330 CONEFLOWER Echinops Ritro RITRO GLOBE ii Blue 2-3 ft. u 348 THISTLE Eranthis hyemalis COMMON WINTER Mar., Apr. Yellow 3-8 in. Sun or half 4 ACONITE shade Erigeron speciosus SHOWY June, July Lilac I*-2ft. Sun 240 FLEABANE Eryngium AMETHYST SEA June to Blue 1-3 ft. « 254 amethystinum HOLLY early Sept. Eryngium planum FLAT-LEAVED July. Aug. M M « 348 ERYNGO Erythronium WHITE DOG- Late Apr., White 6 in. Half shade 15 albidum TOOTH VIOLET May Erythronium COMMON ADDER'S Late Apr. Yellow ii « 27 Americanum TONGUE to late May Erythronium COMMON DOG- Late Apr., Like 4-6 in. M 44 Dens-Canis TOOTH VIOLET May of Europe Erythronium LARGE-FLOW- Late Apr. Yellow 6 in. Half shade 27 grandiflorum ERED DOGTOOTH to mid. or shade VIOLET May Fritillaria Imperialis CROWN IMPERIAL Mid. Apr.to Various 2-3 ft. Sun or half 56 mid. May shade Fritillaria Meleagris GUINEA-HEN Late Apr. II 10-12 in. Sun or 59 FLOWER to late May shade Fritillaria Meleagris WHITE GUINEA- Late Apr., White i ft. « '5 var. alba HEN FLOWER May Funkia lancif olia LANCE-LEAVED Late July Lilac I -2 ft. Half shade 340 DAY LILY to early best Sept. Funkia subcordata LARGE- Late Aug., White M Half shade 380 var. grandiflora FLOWERED Sept. SUBCORDATE PLANTAIN LILY Gaillar dia aristata GREAT- June to Parti- i*-3ft Sun 263 FLOWERED Nov. colored GAILLARDIA GaJanthus Elwesii GIANT SNOWDROP Mar., Apr. White 6-1 2 in. Sun or balf shade 3 Galanthus nivalis COMMON a M 4-6 in. « 3 SNOWDROP 450 BEST HERBACEOUS PLANTS Botanical Name. English Name. Time of Bloom. Color. Height. Situation. Page. Galanthus plicatus PLAITED Mar. to White. 4-8 in. Sun or half 3 SNOWDROP early May shade Galtonia candicans CAPE HYACINTH July, Aug. «i 3-5 ^. M 284 Geranium BLOOD-RED Late May Crimson I*-2ft. M "5 sanguineum CRANESBILL to mid.July Gladiolus vars. SWORD LILY July to Oct. Various 3-4* ft. Sun 365 Gypsophila BABY'S BREATH July, Aug. White 2-3 ft. tt 285 paniculata Helenium autumnale SNEEZEWEED Aug. to Yellow 2-5 ft.. n 386 late Sept. Helenium autumnale SNEEZEWEED Aug., Sept. Yellow i -6 ft. tt 386 vars. grandiflorum, pumilum & superbum Helenium Hoopesii HOOPES'S Late May Yellow 1-3 ft. M 102 SNEEZEWEED to late June Helenium nudiflorum STRIPED PURPLE- Aug. Orange 3-4 ft. 14 393 var. grandicephalum HEADED striatum SNEEZEWEED Helianthus mollis HAIRY July, Aug. Yellow 2-5 ft. tt 300 SUNFLOWER Helianthus rigidus STIFF SUNFLOW- Late Aug., u 6ft. tt 387 var. "Miss Hellish" ER MISS MELLISH Sept. Hemerocallis DUMORTIER'S June, July Orange I -2 ft. Sun or half 210 Dumortierii DAY LILY shade Hemerocallis flava LEMON LILY June, early Yellow 3ft. Half shade 199 July Hemerocallis MIDDENDORF'S Late June, tt 1-3 ft. tt 199 Middendorfii YELLOW DAY July LILY Hemerocallis THUNBERG'S it M 3-4 ft. Sun or half '99 Thunbergii YELLOW DAY shade LILY Heuchera sanguinea CORAL BELLS June to Red i-iift. tt 213 ate Sept. Hypericum KALM'S Aug. Yellow 2-4 ft. Shade 388 Kalmianum ST. JOHN'S-WORT Hypericum Moserianum GOLD FLOWER fuly, Aug. M 2ft. Sun or half shade 303 Hyacinthus DUTCH Late Apr., Various 8-i8in. Sun 59 orientalis HYACINTH May Iberis sempervirens EVERGREEN May, early White 9- i 5 in. Sun or half 78 CANDYTUFT [une shade Iberis Tenoreana TENORE'S it ha Graceful plant for marshes or shal- 4-8 ft. fune LEAVED latifdlia low water. Peculiar brownish flowers Sun |uly CAT-TAIL, in dense spikes and very narrow rib- COMMON bon-like leaves, long and gjossy. Ex- REED MACE cellent in bogs and shallow ponds. Amer.; Europe; Asia. "Green INDIAN OR *Zizania A beautiful kind of reed-like grass. 7-9 ft. Aug. white" WILD RICE, aquatica Useful for margins of streams on ac- Sun WATER count of the graceful habit of its OATS leaves. Prop, by seed, sown annu- ally. N. Amer. 465 SOME BOG-GARDEN OR MARSH PLANTS Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Yel- SWEET Acorus Marsh plant. Flowers insignificant. 2ft. June, lowish FLAG Calamus Foliage erect and rush-like. Root- Sun or early green" stock odorous and edible. Prop, by shade July division. Europe. Var. variegatus. Foliage striped with green and gold. More frequently cultivated than the type. "Red- GIANT Arundo A plant, decorative because of its I Oft. dish" REED Ddnax striking foliage. Reddish flowers in- Sun significant. Prop, by seed and divi- sion. Any soil. S. Europe. Var. vartegata, (var. versicolor). Foliage variegated. "Yellow" DOUBLE Caltha Double form of our native plant. i ft. Apr., 5 MARSH paltistris var. Flowers i $ in. broad. Good for cut- Sun or May MARIGOLD fldre-pleno ting. Hort. The single var. is also half C. p. var. good. See Plate, page 459. shade monstrosa- plena COMMON HORSE- Equisetum hyemale Unique primeval looking plant with slender hollow reed-like stems and I -2 ft. Sun or TAIL OR no apparent leaves or flowers. Prop. shade SCOURING by spores. U. S. A. RUSH "Purple pink" JOE-PYE OR TRUMPET Eupat6rium purpureum Plant of coarse growth. Flowers in immense flat clusters, 18 in. across. 5-7 ft. Sun or Late July to bet. WEED Foliage in whorls. Naturalize on half early 45 & 25 banks of streams or in wet meadows. shade Sept. Prop, by cuttings. Any soil. N. Amer. "Lilac" LARGE Habenaria An Orchid. Grows in wet meadows. i-i$ft. June, 43 deep PURPLE- FRINGED fimbriata H. grandi- Fragrant flowers prettily fringed, rarely white, rise in spikes above in- Half shade July ORCHIS fldra conspicuous foliage. Bog-garden. Leaf-mold and sand kept moist by mulch of leaves. N. Amer. Various ISMALLER Habenaria Closely related to H. fimbriata, but 2-3 ft. July- oftenbetJPURPLE- psycddes with smaller blossoms. Very fragrant Half Aug. 39441 FRINGED Orchis fringed flowers, rose, lilac or crimson, shade ORCHIS psycddes rarely white, in tall spikes 4-10 in. long. Showy in bog-garden. Leaf- mold and sand kept moist by mulch of leaves. N. Amer. Various JAPANESE **Iris One of the most beautiful and 2-3 ft. June, IRIS laevigata effective plants. Forms vigorous Sun July /. K&mpfen clumps. Flowers large and flat, sometimes 10 in. across, ranging in color from white to deep blue and 466 PITCHER PLANT. Sarracenia purpurea. 467 468 CARDINAL FLOWER. Lobelia cardinal*. BOG PLANTS Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom plum color, sometimes mottled or deeply veined. Narrow erect leaves. Beautiful in masses beside water. Prop, by seed and division. Any good soil. Water during flowering season. For names of good vars. see page 267. "Yellow" COMMON OR Iris Forms luxuriant clumps having iHft. Late 5 & 2 YELLOW WATER Pseudacorus many stems which bear large broad- petaled flowers veined with brown. Sun May to late FLAG Long stiff gray-green leaves. Beauti- June ful for the margin of water. Prop, by division. Europe. "Bright LARGER Iris Native Iris. Flowers marked with 1-3 ft. Late purple" BLUE FLAG versicolor white, yellow and purple. Leaves Sun or May, 55 lighter slightly grayish. Good for margin of half June ponds and also for dry positions. shade Prop, by division. Canada; Northern U. S. A. Various CANADA OR Lflium Well-known native species found in i -4 ft. June, 1 spotted WILD Canade'nse moist meadows and bogs. Spotted Sun July brown or YELLOW flowers, varying from yellow to red, or half 11 shad- LILY droop in a circle, surmounting the shade ing to 14 graceful stems around which the leaves grow in whorls. Easily nat- uralized. Bulbous. Prop, by offsets or scales. Light well-drained soil. Avoid direct contact with manure. Eastern N. Amer. "Reddish AMERICAN **Lilium Native in meadows and marshes. 3-6 ft, Early orange" bet. 19 & 20 TURK'S CAP LILY supe*rbum Delicate drooping flowers having pointed reflexed petals, spotted with- in, in a pyramidal panicle of about Sun or half shade July to early Aug. twenty. Bulbous. Prop, by offsets, scales, or very slowly by seed. Any well-drained soil. Avoid direct con- tact with manure. Eastern N. Amer. "Crim- CARDINAL **Lobelia Brilliant flowers in spikes on erect 2-4 ft. Mid. son" FLOWER, cardinalis unbranching stems. Leaves narrow Sun or July to 20 INDIAN mostly on lower part of stalk. Nat- shade Sept. PINK uralize near water or plant in shaded border. Prop, by seed or division. Rich soil, preferably moist. Wet places, Eastern N. Amer. See Plate, page 468. "Blue" 46 GREAT LOBELIA, **Lobelia syphilitica Tubular flowers in long leafy spikes on slightly hairy stalks. Foliage i-3 ft. Sun Mid. Aug. BLUE large, smooth or hairy. Good in bog- to late CARDINAL garden or border. Moist soil. Wet Sept. FLOWER places, Eastern U. S. A. See Plate, page 468- "White" GREAT **Lobelia Handsome variety. Flowers in 2-3 ft. Mid. WHITE syphilitica long spikes. Leaves almost stemless Sun Aug. to LOBELIA var. alba on the flower stalks. Damp grounds Sept. or bogs. Prop, by seed or cuttings. Hort. 469 BOG PLANTS Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Pur- SPIKED OR *Lfthrum Erect bushy plant. Delicate 2-3 ft. Late ple" 40 PURPLE LOOSE- salicaria starry flowers with wavy petals in wandlike spikes on long graceful leafy Sun July to late STRIFE stems. Pretty for water-side. Prop. Aug. by division. Any moist soil. Tem- perate Zone. "Rose" PINK **L£thrum Tall spikes of flowers on long 4-6 ft. M SPIKED salicaria var. graceful stems covered with willowy Sun or LOOSE- rdseum foliage. Beautiful on banks of half STRIFE superbum streams and ponds. Prop, by divi- shade L. rbseum sion or cuttings. Moist soil preferable. superbum Hort. "Violet" SQUARE- Mimulus Snapdragon-like flowers with open 1-2 ft. July. 47 STEMMED rfngens throats. Bog-garden or margin of Sun Aug. MONKEY water. Prop, by seed. Any soil, FLOWER abundantly watered. N. Amer. "Brown- EULALIA Miscanthus Striking kind of grass with plume- 4-9 ft. Oct. ish Sine'nsis like spikes of flowers. Prop, by seed Sun violet" Eulalia and division. Any soil. Japan. Japdnica Vars. gracillimus, (Eulalia gracil- lima univitiata, E. Japonica gracil- lima). Leaves narrower, fariegatus, foliage variegated. Zebrinus, leaves with cross bands of gold. Prop, the last two vars. by division. "Blue" 57 EVER- FLOWERING **Myos6tis palustris Dwarf plant of spreading habit, called semperflorens from its long Sin. Shade May to Sept. FORGET- var. season of bloom. Flowers in loose ME-NOT sempeYflorens clusters. Good for damp shady spots of rock-garden. Prop, by seed and - cuttings. Moist soil. Hort. "Pale ROYAL OR *0smfinda Distinctive in appearance. Smooth 2-4 ft. M green" FLOWERING FERN regalis pale green foliage and conspicuous fruit in flower-like clusters. Thrives Sun or shade in rich moist soil, even with water standing 2 or 3 in. deep. Prop, by spores. Eastern Amer. "Pur- plish PICKEREL WEED *Pontederia cordata Among the most beautiful of aquat- ics. Many small flowers in spikes. i £-4 ft. Sun or July to Sept. blue" Glossy heart-shaped leaves. Pretty half 46 in bog-garden or best in water 6-12 shade in. deep. Prop, by division at any time. N. Amer. "Rosy purple" MEADOW BEAUTY, *Rhe*xia Virginica Numerous showy flowers about i£ in. wide, several on the stem, con- 9-12 in. Sun July to Oct. DEER spicuous golden anthers. For bogs or GRASS moist spots in wild garden where it will form a bed of bloom. Prop, by seed or division. Peaty soil. Eastern U. S. A. "White" COMMON Sagittaria Flowers similar to Buttercups in 4-6 ft. July to ARROW- latifdlia whorls of 3 around leafless staiks. Sun jarly HEAD S. sagittafdlia Arrow-shaped leaves. For bogs, Sept. var. varidbilis, edges of ponds and shallow water. S. varidbilis Prop, by seed and division. N. Amer. 470 BOG PLANTS Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Red- dish GREAT TRUMPET Sarracenia Drummondii Curious wild bog plant. Odd-shaped unobtrusive flowers. Horn-like leaves «tt. Sun June brown" LEAF, 2 ft. long, marked with pale yellow PITCHER and purple. Bog-garden. Protect in PLANT OP winter. Prop, by division. Moist SIDE- soil. S. Eastern U. S. A. SADDLE FLOWER "Deep purple" PITCHER PLANT, Sarracenia purpurea Curious wild bog plant. A solitary flower, sometimes brownish, of un- 8- 1 2 in. Sun N SIDE- usual shape, less conspicuous than the SADDLE purple-veined pitcher-like leaves. Bog FLOWER garden or water-side. Prop, by divi- sion. Moist soil. Atlantic States. See Plate, page 467. "Green- ish" PENNSYL- VANIA OR SWAMP Saxifraga Pennsyl- vanica A profusion of flowers in elongated panicles. Large leaves in clumps at the base of the plant. Prop, by divi- 3ft. Half shade May, June SAXIFRAGE sion, offshoots and stolons. Good for bogs. Swamps, Eastern U. S. A. "Or- JAPANESE Senecio Effective flowers on tall stems, 4-5 ft- Late ange" GROUNDSEL Jap6nicus sometimes branching. Leaves very Sun July to 6 Erytbrochcete broad, i ft. across, deeply lobed. Ex- mid. palmattfida, cellent for foliage effect in border. Aug. Ligularia Prop, by seed, division or cuttings. Japonica Moist soil. Japan. "White" GOAT'S BEARD Spiraa Aruncus Erect branching herb growing wild in rich woods. Abundant flowers in 3-5 ^ Sun or June, early Aruncus plumy panicles. Handsome com- shade July sylv^ster pound foliage. Invaluable for rough places and for grouping with foliage plants. Prop, by division. Any soil. N. Europe; Asia; N. Amer. "Car- PALMATE- **Spiraea Vigorous plant. Broad clusters of 2-4 ft. June, mine" LEAVED palmata brilliant flowers borne on erect stems. Half July 26 deep MEADOW Filiptndula Tufted root leaves, palmately divided. shade SWEET purpurea, Prop, by seed and division. A fairly Vim aria rich moist soil. Japan. pvrpurea "Cream POISONOUS Zygadenus Slender plant. Small flowers in I*-2ft. Mid. white" ZYGADENUS venenosus short racemes on erect stems. Leaves Sun May to mostly about the root. Bulb poison- mid. ous. Plant in wild or bog-garden. June Slight winter protection necessary. Prop, by seed, more frequently by offsets. Moist soil preferable. West- ern U. S. A. 47 1 SOME PLANTS CONSPICUOUS FOR THEIR FOLIAGE Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Cream VARIE- jEg0p6dium A common foliage plant. Spreads 12-15 in- Late white" GATED podograria quickly by creeping rootstocks, and Sun May to GOUTWEED var. makes attractive mats of white mar- late OR variegatum gined foliage. Hard to get rid of June ASHWEED when established. Prop, by division. Europe. "Purple" VARIE- Aira Rather stiff grass plant of orna- 1-2$ ft. GATED caeriilea var. mental foliage. Flowers in spike- Sun HAIR variegata like panicles. Leaves striped green GRASS Molinia and gold. Excellent for carpeting. ccerulea var. Central Europe; Asia. variegata "White" INDIAN Aralia A strong-growing plant. Umbels of 5-8 ft. WILD Cachemirica flowers forming long loose panicles. Half SARSAPA- A. Cashme- Small round black or purplish berries. shade RILLA riana, A. Leaves compound. Good for shady macrophflla places under trees and for subtropical effects. Prop, by cuttings. Mts. of India. "White" CORDATE Aralia Umbels of flowers forming long 4-6 ft. WILD cordata loose panicles. Small round black or Half SARSAPA- A. edulis purplish berries. Leaves divided into shade RILLA somewhat heart-shaped leaflets. Good for subtropical effects. Prop, by cut- tings. Japan. "Green- SPIKENARD Aralia Flower umbels in loose panicles. 3-4 ft. Late ish racemosa Bears small round black berries. Fo- Sun July white" liage compound. Good under trees. to late Prop, by cuttings. Northern U. S. A. Aug. "Green" VARIE- Arrhenathe- A pretty dwarf tufted grass. 6-8 in. GATED rum Leaves striped green and white. Good Sun OAT- Dulbdsum var. for the edge of border. Prop, by divi- GRASS variegatum sion. Ordinary garden soil. Hort. "White" SOUTHERN- WOOD, OLD MAN Artemisia Abr6tanum A plant of shrubby growth. Droop- ing flowers on long slender panicles. Grown for its dark green fragrant foli- 3-5 ft. Sun age. Prop, by division or cuttings. Thrives even in poor soil. Europe. "Whit- LEWIS' Artemisia Very hoary plant with panicles of 2ft. ish" SOUTHERN- Ludoviciana small tubular blossoms. Silvery col- Sun WOOD ored foliage is more effective than flowers. Margin of border. Prop, by division. Thrives in poor soil. Plains of Western U. S. A. 472 FOLIAGE PLANTS Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Whitish ROMAN Artemisia An effective bushy foliage plant. I ft. yellow" WORM- P6ntica Panicles of small globe-shaped droop- Sun WOOD ing flowers. Leaves finely divided and whitish beneath. Prop, by divi- sion. Thrives in poor soil. Europe. "Yellow' OLD WOMAN Artemisia Stelleriana A very hoary shrubby plant. Small globe-shaped flowers in com- 2 it. Sun pact racemes. Attractive for its silvery effect. Prop, by division. Thrives in poor soil. Coast of Mass.; Asia. "Green" JAPANESE Arundinaria Grass -like plant. Foliage large, 6- i o ft. BAMBOO Japdnica dark and glossy, whitish underneath. Half Bambiisa Grows well in cities. Needs plenty shade Metdke of room, sheltered position and also some winter protection. Prop, pref- erably by division in spring. Rich loamy soil. Japan. "Green" SIMON'S Arundinaria Imposing plant which takes some 1 0-20 ft BAMBOO Simdni years to establish. Leaves 8-12 in. Sun A. Narihira, long and very narrow. Needs shel- Bambiisa tered position, some winter protection Simoni, and pruning. Prop, preferably by B. viridi- spring division. Rich loamy soil. striata India; China. "Red- GIANT Arundo Grown for foliage. Erect stalks 10 ft. dish" REED Ddnax with plumy racemes of small flowers, Sun and graceful large pointed leaves. Effective in clumps. Prop, by seed and division. Any soil. S. Europe. Var. variegata, (A. D. var. ver si- color), variegated foliage. Hort. "Bronze" LARGE- *Bocc6nia Plumy clusters of bronze-tinted 9 ft. [uly LEAVED microcarpa flowers at the summit of stems clad Sun J PLUME with large handsome leaves like those POPPY of B. cordata. Naturalize on edge of lawns or shrubbery, etc. Prop, by division, generally by suckers. Rich soil is essential. China. "Red" NIGRICANS Canna One of the most desirable of the 4-6 ft. bet CANNA nigricans tall Cannas on account of its foliage, Sun 19&20 which is very dark. Plant in formal garden or shrubbery border. After frost, dig up the roots and store in dry cellar until spring. Prop, by division of rootstock. Light soil, rich, deep and moist. "Green" VARIE- GATED Dactylis glomerata Dwarf grass in inconspicuous flower clusters. Foliage marked with silver. I $-2 ft. Sun Aug. ORCHARD var. Much used for edgings. Prop, by GRASS OR variegata division. Any good soil. Hort. COCK'S- FOOT 473 FOLIAGE PLANTS Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Green" SEA LYME Elymus Vigorous strong-rooting ornamental 2-5 ft. GRASS arenarius grass. Flowers valueless. Plant near Sun shrubbery or on sandy banks. Tem- perate Zone. "Green- WOOL Eriinthus Ornamental grass. Very long 4-7 ft- Aug. ish" GRASS, Rave"nnae leaves tinged with violet and with Sun PLUME Sdccharum white line down the centre. Hand- GRASS, Ravenna; some in clumps like the Pampas RAVENNA Grass. Prop, by division. Any soil. GRASS S. Europe. BLUE Festuca Ornamental grass. Inconspicuous 18-20 in. June, FESCUE glauca flowers in panicles grown for the Sun or GRASS F. ovlna var. dense tufts of very narrow bluish half glauca leaves. Used for edgings or for con- shade trast with darker foliage. Prop, by division. Europe. "White" GIANT Heracleum Large bold plant for subtropical 8- 10 ft. July, PARSLEY OR villdsum effects. Small flowers in dense clus- Sun early GIANT COW H. gigdnteum ters i ft. or more across. Leaves very Aug. PARSNIP large. Easy to naturalize in rough places. Prop, by seed and division. Rich moist loam. Europe. "Brown- EULALIA Miscanthus An excellent grass plant with feath- 4-9 ft. Oct. ish Sine"nsis ery panicles of flowers which have Sun violet" Eulalia long silky hairs. Good for orna- Japdnica mental beds or in the shrubbery bor- der. Prop, by seed and division. Any soil. Japan. Vars. gracillimus, (Eulalia gracil- lima univittata, Eulalia Japonica gra- cillima), narrower leaves. Variega- tus, variegated foliage. Zebrinus, has cross bands of yellow on the leaves. The last two Japanese vars. are prop. better by division. "White" RIBBON Phalaris A grass with flowers in spikes. 2-4 ft. Aug. GRASS, arundinacea Grown for its ribbon-like foliage, which Sun GARDEN- var. variegata is striped with white. Good for edg- ER'S P. arundina- ing beds. Northern N. Amer. GARTERS cea var. picta "Brown- GOLDEN Phyll6stachys Graceful grass plant with small 10-15 ft- ish" BAMBOO aurea light-colored leaves and stems of yel- Half Bambusa lowish green. Effective if planted shade aurea against setting of dark foliage. Prop. usually by spring division. Rich loamy soil. Slight protection neces- sary. Japan. "Brown- BLACK Phylldstachys One of the best-known species. 1 0-20 ft. ish" BAMBOO nlgra Branches turn black after a year. Half Bambusa Delicate, paper-like foliage of medium shade nlgra size. Prop, usually by spring division. Rich loamy soil; sheltered position, slight protection. Orient. 474 FOLIAGE PLANTS Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Green" OVAL- PhylKSstachys Very angular habit of growth; Ii-2ft. LEAVED ruscif61ia small dark oval leaves. Prop, usually Half BAMBOO P. Kumdsaca, by spring division. Rich loamy soil; shade Bambusa sheltered position; slight winter pro- ruscifolia, tection. Japan. B. viminalis "Green" GLAUCOUS BAMBOO Phyll6stachys viridi- Graceful and easily cultivated Bam- boo, covering large space. Running io-i8ft. Half glauce"scens rootstock. Small yellowish branches, shade Bambusa medium sized leaves. Prop, usually viridi- by spring division. Rich loamy soil; glaucescens sheltered position; slight winter pro- tection. China. "Green- MEDICINAL Rheum Effective foliage plant with very 5-6 ft. ish RHUBARB officinale large leaves, sometimes 3 ft. broad. Sun white" Flowers numerous. Plant near shrub- beries, etc. Prop, by division. Rich deep soil. Thibet; W. China. "Green- PALMATE Rheum Foliage plant of tropical effect. 6-8 ft. ish RHUBARB palmatum Flowers in elongated clusters. Large Sun white" R. sangui- roundish heart-shaped leaves, deeply neum lobed. Plant near shrubberies, etc., isolated or in masses. Prop, by seed and division. Deep rich soil. China. Var. Tangbuttcum, (Rheum Tang- buticum), is more vigorous than the type. It increases rapidly. Leaves longer, and less deeply divided. Hort. "White" VARIE- GATED Rdhdea Japonica var. Foliage plant. Bell-shaped flowers in compact spikes. Beautiful varie- 9-12 in. Half June JAPANESE variegata gated leaves, 10-12 in. long, in up- shade ROHDEA right rosettes, rising above the flow- ers. Deep rich soil. Japan. "Yellow" LAVENDER Santolina Shrubby downy plant of compact I*-2ft. July. COTTON chamae- habit with inconspicuous greenish Sun Aug. cyparissus yellow flowers. Valuable for its sil- 5. incana very foliage,* evergreen and fragrant. Desirable in groups or in the border. Prop, by cuttings. Slight protection. Europe; Asia. "Brown" VARIE- Scirpus Ornamental, rush-like foliage plant. i-i}ft. June, GATED Holoschdenus Minute brown flowers in clustered Sun July BULRUSH var. spikes. Leaves striped with yellow- OR SEDGE variegatus ish white. Effective in bog-garden or beside water. Prop, by seed, division or suckers. Moist or dry soil. Hort. "Green" FEATHER Stipa pennata Looks like ordinary grass except 20 in. July. GRASS when in bloom. Feathery plumes of Sun Aug. flowers used in 'everlasting' bouquets. Border. Prop, by seed and division. Deep sandy loam. Steppes of Europe and Siberia. 475 FOLIAGE PLANTS Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom Various VARIE- GATED Sy"mphytum officinale var. Broad leaves deeply margined with yellow or cream color. When culti- JM ft. Sun or June, July COMMON COMFREY variegatum S. officinale vated for ornamental foliage the flower stems should be cut off. Europe. half shade var. luteo- marginatum "Green" GAMA OR SESAME GRASS Trfpsacum dactyloides T. Ddctylis, T. yiolaceum Ornamental grass of tufted habit. Terminal spikes of flowers. Plant in wild garden or among other orna- mental grasses. Prop, by seed, pref- erably by rootstock cuttings. Moist 4-7 ft. Sun it situation. Southern and Central U. S. A. "Purple" SHRUB- YELLOW ROOT Xanthorrhiza apiifdlia Zanthorhtfa apiifdlia Shrubby yellow stemmed plant. Flowers in slender drooping racemes under the pinnate leaves. Grown for its foliage, which becomes golden yel- low in autumn. Prop, by seed and I -2 ft. Shade May, early June • division. Any garden soil, preferably moist. Eastern U. S. A. 476 PANICLED CLEMATIS, Clematis paniculata. 477 CHINESE WISTARIA. Wistaria Chinensis. A FEW SELECTED VINES AND CLIMBERS Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "White" ASIATIC Actfnidea Strong rapid grower which makes 20 ft. or June ACTINIDIA pol^gama long shoots each season. A deciduous more twining shrub with inconspicuous Sun or fragrant flowers in clusters. Hand- shade some glossy foliage. Especially good for screens, trellises or arbors. Prop. by cuttings and layers. Rich soil. E. Asia. "Pur- AKEBIA Akebia A graceful twining shrub with pret- 12 ft. or May, plish" 42 quinata ty clusters of small fragrant flowers and charmingevergreen foliage. Forms more Sun early June a thick screen. Good for trellises, pergolas, etc. Prop, by seed, root- division, cuttings or layers. Well- drained soil. Japan; China. "Green- VIRGINIA Ampeldpsis Rapidly climbing shrub of free and I 2-20 ft. July ish" CREEPER quinquefolia luxuriant habit bearing inconspicuous Sun or A. hederacea, clusters of flowers followed by hand- half Vitis quin- some dark blue berries. Beautiful shade quefolia divided foliage, turning brilliantly in fall. Invaluable for covering walls, dead trees, buildings, etc. Prop, by seed, generally by hardwood cuttings. Any soil. N. Amer. "Green- ish" JAPANESE OR BOSTON Ampelopsis tricuspidata One of the best wall creepers, re- sisting dust, etc. Climbing shrub 30-40 ft. Sun or Late June, IVY A. Roylei, clinging closely and having dense shade early A. VeitclH. growth of glossy foliage which turns July nth bronze or scarlet in fall, and bunches incdnstans of berries. Much used in cities. It will grow well in a northern exposure. Prop, by seed, greenwood cuttings and layers. Any soil. China; Japan. "Pur- DUTCH- Aristol&chia Striking climbing shrub with odd 12-20 ft. Late plish MAN'S macroph^lla inconspicuous flowers and large round Sun or May, brown" PIPE A. Slpbo dark leaves, 10 in. across. Useful for half early 21 screens, porches, etc. Prop, by cut- shade June tings. Any good loamy soil. U. S. A. "Green- ORIENTAL Celastrus Shrubby climber with clusters of 12-15 ft. June ish BITTER orbiculatus small flowers, succeeded by clusters of Sun or white*1 SWEET C. articulatus bright orange-yellow berries with con- shade spicuous crimson seeds which are hidden until the leaves fall. Prop, by fall-sown seed, cuttings of the root or layers. Any soil. China; Japan. 479 VINES AND CLIMBERS Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Green- FALSE Celastrus Shrubby climber with terminal 20 ft. June ish BITTER scandens clusters of small flowers, followed by Sun or white" SWEET bright yellow berries with conspicuous shade crimson seeds which last all winter. Prop, by fall-sown seed, cuttings of the root or layers. Any soil. N. Amer. "Lilac" BLUISH CLEMATIS Clematis casrulea Large spreading blossoms of a beautiful shade when grown in a 8- 1 oft. Half June, July C. a^urea, northern exposure. Rather slow- shade C. patens growing. Requires rich deep soil and plenty of rotten manure. Needs plenty of water during dry weather. Prop by cuttings or graftings. Rich loamy soil, well-drained and enriched. Japan. "Purple" 48 JACKMAN'S CLEMATIS Clematis Jackmani A beautiful species bearing a pro- fusion of large, spreading, deep purple 5-6 ft. Half Late June intense flowers. Support is necessary and shade to winter mulching advisable. Prop, by early cuttings or graftings. Rich loamy soil, well-drained and enriched. Needs Sept. plenty of water. Hort. Var. Gypsy Queen has deep violet flowers. Var. Star of India has purple flowers striped with red. Var. mag- nifica, (Clematis magnified), has pur- X ple flowers crimson tinted and striped with red. Hort. "White" WHITE Clematis This variety is similar to the type, 5-6 ft. M JACKMAN'S Jackmani differing only in having white blos- Half CLEMATIS var. alba soms. Support is necessary and winter shade mulching advisable. Prop, by cut- tings or graftings. Rich loamy soil, well-drained and enriched. Needs plenty of water in summer. Hort. "Laven- GREAT- 21e"matis This species is remarkable for the 5-6 ft. June der" FLOWERED lanuginosa size of its blossoms, which are borne Half :o VIRGIN'S in succession throughout the summer. shade Sept. BOWER Support is necessary and winter mulching advisable. Prop, by cut- tings or grafts. Rich loamy soil, well-drained and enriched. There are many vars. China. Var. Candida, (C.. Candida}, differs from the type, having larger flowers and larger leaves. Var. excelsior, (C. excelsior), has double pale purple flow- ers with red stripes. Hort. "Grayish GREAT- Clematis This variety is similar in habit to 5-6 ft. M white" FLOWERED VIRGIN'S lanugindsa var. the tvpe. The flowers are large and bluish tinted. Support is necessary Half shade BOWER "Otto and winter mulching advisable. Prop. OTTO Froebel" by cuttings or grafts. Rich loamy FROEBEL soil, well-drained and enriched. Hort. 480 VINES AND CLIMBERS Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Siti4ation Time of Bloom "White" MOUNTAIN Clematis A beautiful species. Strong-grow- I 5-2O ft. June CLEMATIS montana ing climber with large showy flowers. Sun Requires protection in winter. Prop. by cuttings or graftings. Rich soil. Mediterranean Region. "White" PANICLED Clematis A vigorous climber which covers a 20-25 ft. Sept. CLEMATIS paniculata large space the first season. Remark- Sun ably plentiful in blossoms, and de- lightfully fragrant. Small starry flowers. Invaluable for covering porches, arbors, etc. Prop, by seed, cuttings or graftings. Rich light loamy soil. Japan. See Plate, page 477. "Bluish PURPLE Clematis A species with drooping flowers 8- 1 oft. May, purple" VIRGIN'S verticillaris 2-3 in. across. Prop, by seed, cuttings Sun June BOWER Atrdgene or grafts. Rich loamy soil, well- Americana drained and enriched Eastern N. Amer. "Red" RED Clematis More desirable than the type. 8-10 ft. Early LEATHER FLOWER Vidrna var. coccmea Scarlet or rosy red pitcher-shaped flowers. Grayish foliage. Winter Sun June, uly, C. coccmea mulching desirable. Prop, by seed ate and cuttings. Rich soil, light and Sept. loamy. Texas. "White" TRAVEL- LER'S JOY Clematis Vitalba One of the most vigorous species of Clematis. A profusion of small fra- 20-30 ft. Sun July to Sept. grant flowers in panicles. Grows quickly and covers arbors rapidly. Support is necessary. Prop, by cut- tings or graftings. Rich loamy soil with good drainage. Europe; Africa. "White" JAPANESE SPINDLE Eudnymus radicans A bushy climbing evergreen much valued for its dark glossy foliage. 10-12 ft. Sun or TREE E, Japonicus Forms a dense covering over walls, shade var. radicans rocks, fences, etc. Prop, by cuttings of half-ripe wood. A warm exposure and ordinary soil. There are vars. with variegated foliage. Japan. "Green- ENGLISH He*dera Climbing or trailing evergreen sub- 30-40 ft. June, ish" IVY Helix shrub with inconspicuous flowers and Shade July beautiful large dark green leaves. There are many vars., all of which do especially well on the north side of buildings. Protect in winter. Prop. by half-ripe cuttings. Preferably rich damp soil. Europe; Africa; Asia. "Green- ish COMMON HOP Stimulus Lupulus Vigorous free-growing twining per- ennial which bears greenish yellow 2 5-30 ft. Sun Mid. July to yellow" catkins. Leaves rough and hairy. early Useful for its rapid growth in cover- Aug. ing trellises, old fences, etc. Prop, by seed or division in spring. Any soil, preferably rich loam. Europe; N. Amer.; Asia. 481 VINES AND CLIMBERS Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "White" MAN-OF- Ipomosa Hardy perennial vine. Funnel- 2- 1 2 ft. J"iy. THE- pandurata shaped purple-throated flowers in Sun Aug. EARTH, clusters. Dense foliage. Good for WILD covering fences or stumps in wild gar- POTATO den, etc. Prop, by seed, division or VINE, cuttings. Any soil. Canada; East- PERENNIAL ern U. S. A. MOON- FLOWER "Pur- TWO- Ldthyrus Perennial climber of the Pea order, 4-6 ft. June, plish FLOWERED grandifldrus not so vigorous as L. latifolius. Flow- Sun or July rose" EVER- ers, size of Sweet Pea and largest of shade 31 LASTING species, grow in pairs. Habit free darker PEA and neat. Good covering for rocks, banks, stumps, etc. Prop, by seed and division. Any garden soil. S.Europe. "Rose" EVER- Ldthyrus Vigorous perennial climber. Nu- 4-8 ft. Mid. 40 LASTING latifdlius merous large loose clusters of pea- Sun or July to lighter & OR shaped flowers continuous in bloom shade sarly 37 PERENNIAL even after a frost. Grayish foliage. Sept. PEA Excellent for covering rocks, stumps, banks, etc. Good for cutting. Very easily cultivated. Prop, by seed, divi- sion or cuttings. Any soil. Europe. Var. splendent; (color no. 3 i or 40) is the best form of L. latifolius. Very showy and free-growing. Brilliant purplish pinkish flowers, occasionally red. The luxuriant foliage makes a good background. "White" WHITE [/fithyrus Vigorous perennial climber. Nu- 4-8 ft. Mid. EVER- atifolius merous large pea-shaped flowers in Sun or July to LASTING var. albus loose clusters. Gray-green compound shade Sept. OR foliage. Excellent for covering PERENNIAL stumps, banks, etc. Prop, by seed PEA and division. Any soil. Hort. "Old SHOWY Lathyrus Wild on shady banks. Strong- 2-3 ft. Mid. rose" WILD PEA vendsus stemmed perennial vine. Blossoms Sun or [une 25 in many-flowered clusters. Good for shade to July cutting. Useful in covering rough places. Prop, by seed and division. Any good garden soil. N. Amer. "Yel- ITALIAN Lonicera Climbing plant with fragrant pur- 12-15 ft- May, lowish HONEY- Caprifolium plish tinted flowers. Useful for trel- Sun [une white" SUCKLE, C. bortense, lises and walls. Prop, by fall-sown FRAGRANT WOODBINE C. perfoliatum seed or ripe wood cuttings. Any good soil. Europe; Asia; naturalized in N. Amer. "White" JAPANESE Lonicera Climbing vine with dainty fragrant 1 5 ft. fune, OR Japonica flowers and semi -evergreen leaves. Sun |uly CHINESE Charming when grown over walls or HONEY- shrubs. Prop, by fall-sown seed or SUCKLE ripe wood cuttings. Any good soil. China; Japan; naturalized in N. Amer. Var. aureo-reticulata, (L. reticulata aurea, L. bracbypoda reticulata), has smaller yellow-veined leaves. Hort. 482 VINES AND CLIMBERS Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "White" HALL'S Lonicera Climbing vine differing from the .5 ft. Sept. JAPANESE Japdnica var. type mainly in its time of bloom. Sun HONEY- SUCKLE Halliana L. flexuosa Semi-evergreen foliage. Prop, by fall-sown seed or ripe wood cuttings. Halliana, Any good soil. China; Japan. Caprtfolium Hallidnum "Scarlet" TRUMPET Lonicera Beautiful native climber with ter- 8-10 ft. May to 18 HONEY- sempe"rvirens minal clusters of lovely bright flowers, Sun Sept. SUCKLE Caprifolium sometimes yellow. Handsome foliage, sempervirens evergreen in the Southern States. Prop, by fall-sown seed or ripe wood cuttings. Any good soil. U. S. A. "Yellow" SULLI- Lonicera Climbing plant with close spikes of 4-5 ft. May, VANT'S HONEY- Sullivantii L. flava purplish tinted flowers. Thick gray- ish leaves. Attractive in the fall on Sun June SUCKLE account of its bright red berries. Prop. by fall-sown seed or ripe wood cut- tings. Any good soil. N. Amer. "Purple" CHINESE L^cium Branching shrub which if trained 12-15 ft. June BOX Chme*nse to a support will grow 15 ft. high, the Sun to THORN long slender branches being laden Sept. with ornamental scarlet fruit. Good rich soil. China. "White" MATRI- L^cium Branching shrub with a profusion 12-15 ft- Late MONY vulgare of bright red berries following funnel- Sun May to VINE, L. ftdccidum, like flowers which vary to purple. late BOX L. halimi- Grayish foliage. Useful for covering Sept. THORN folium walls, etc. Prop, by seed, cuttings of hard wood, layers or suckers. Plant in any position not too damp. Europe. "White" BALTIMORE R6sa A variety of the Prairie Rose. It 6ft. June, BELLE "Baltimore has clusters of rather small double Sun July ROSE Belle" flowers and is not so hardy as the type. A useful climber for trellis or porch. Prop, generally by cuttings. Any rich soil. Hort. "Rosy CARMINE R6sa A lovely climbing Rose having deli- 10-12 ft. June carmine" PILLAR 'Carmine cate single flowers of a peculiarly fine Sun bet. ROSE Pillar" color. Foliage good. An excellent 27&34 pillar rose and good for walls, arbors, etc. It is best to cover in winter. Prop, by cuttings or graftings. Rich soil. Hort. "Crim- CRIMSON R6sa A climber bearing a profusion of i 5-20 ft. June, son" RAMBLER "Crimson rather small dazzling double flowers. Sun July ROSE Rambler" A vigorous plant which is a great favorite and makes quick growth, covering a large space in the first season. Prop, generally by cuttings. Any good soil. Hort. 483 VINES AND CLIMBERS Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Crim- THE Rosa A cross between Rosa multiflora 10-15 ft June son" DAWSON "Dawson" and General Jacqueminot. A ram- Sun ROSE pant grower, covered with a myriad of small single roses in clusters. Pret- ty clean foliage. Very attractive for arbors, trellises, etc. Prop, by cut- tings and graftings. Good rich soil. Hort. "Pink" 30 DEBU- TANTE Rosa 'Debutante" A "perpetual flowering" climbing Rose bearing a profusion of flowers in 10-15 ft- Sun June ROSE clusters. Excellent for pillars. Prop. generally by cuttings. Rich heavy soil, either loamy or clayey. "White" BRAMBLE Rosa A rampant grower covered with 6- 1 oft. H ROSE multifl&ra clusters of small single fragrant flow- Sun R. intermedia, ers. Free vigorous habit. Useful for R. polydntba, pillar work and pretty in the shrub- R. Wicbura bery, where it forms a large bush. Prop, generally by cuttings. Re- quires good rich soil. China; Japan. "Deep PRAIRIE R6sa Climber with clusters of flowers 2 6ft. June, rose" ROSE setigera in. across, which gradually fade to Sun J^y 30 white. Very effective, the flowers be- ing exceptionally showy. Prop, gen- erally by cuttings. Any rich soil. Eastern N. Amer. "Bright pink" near 30 SWEET- HEART ROSE R6sa 'Sweetheart" A perpetual floweringclimbing Rose, bearing a profusion of double flowers in clusters. Good for covering pillars 10-12 ft. Sun N and porches. Very effective and pleasing. Prop, generally by cuttings. Heavy soil, either loamy or clayey. Hort. "Pink" THE R&sa One of the most rapid growers. 1 5-20 ft. M 20 to 30 FARQUHAR 'The Flowers in large clusters. The splen- Sun & darker ROSE Farquhar" did shiny foliage lasts in good condi- tion throughout the season. Prop, by cuttings. Hort. "White" WICHU- Rosa A strong-growing Rose of prostrate I 2-20 ft. July. RIANA Wichuriana habit with single flowers 1^-2 in. Sun Aug. ROSE across and brilliantly glossy leaves. Forms long shoots in a season and is pretty on rocks or sunny banks, etc. Prop, by division and cuttings. Any ordinary soil. There are many pretty vars. in different colors. Japan. "White" CLIMBING Schizo- A very effective climbing shrub 30 ft. [uly HYDRAN- )hragma which resembles the Hydrangea. Sun or GEA lydran- Small flowers in large clusters and half geoides pretty bright green deciduous foliage shade which forms a pleasing contrast to the young red shoots. Useful for cover- ing walls, etc. Prop, by seed, cuttings of green wood or layers. Rich soil fairly moist. Japan. 484 VINES AND CLIMBERS Color English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation Time of Bloom "Scarlet" CHINESE Te"coma Shrubby climber, not as high grow- 4-6 ft. Late bet. TRUMPET grandifiora ing as T. radicans but with larger Sun J^y. 16 & 17 CREEPER T. Chinensis, Bignbnia flowers. Terminal clusters of gorgeous blossoms about 2 in. broad. Prop, by Aug. Chinensis, seed, cuttings or layers. Rich and Cdmpsis moist soil is best. China; Japan. adrepens "Scarlet TRUMPET Te*coma Shrubby climber with terminal 8-12 ft. July, orange" JVINE, rad icans clusters of showy tubular flowers, Sun Aug. 19 shad- CREEPER Bignbnia yellow inside, and handsome dark ing to 10 OR HONEY- SUCKLE radicans, Cdmpsis green compound leaves. Very effec- tive when in flower. Good for cov- radicans ering walls, fences, old trees, etc. Prop, by seed, cuttings or layers. Rich moist soil is best. Eastern U. S. A. "Purple" CHINESE Wistaria A deservedly favorite climber with 20-30 ft. May 44 WISTARIA Chine*nsis large dense pendent clusters of pea- Sun W ' . conse- shaped flowers and beautiful light quana, green foliage. This wonderful vine is W. poly- stachya, of a sturdy growth and very flores- cent. It needs support. Prop, most W '. Sinensis easily by layers. Rich soil is prefer- able. China. See Plate, page 478. "White" ^THITE Wistaria A lovely variety though not so 20-30 ft. ii (CHINESE Chine*nsis hardy as the type. The clusters are Sun WISTARIA var. albifldra longer and more graceful. Plant in a warm sheltered spot. Prop, by lay- ers. Rich soil. "Purple" 44 LOOSE- CLUSTERED Wistaria multijuga The drooping clusters of this species are much larger and looser than those 20-30 ft. Sun H WISTARIA ]V . Chinensis of the Chinese Wistaria. Pale green var. multijuga, W . grandi- foliage. Prop, most easily by layers. Rich soil is preferable. Japan. ftbra 485 A FEW OF THE BEST FERNS English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation MAIDENHAIR *Adiantum Graceful clusters of delicate fronds on dark 8-14 in. FERN pedatum wiry stems. Excellent for cutting. Set Shade plants a foot apart in masses. Easily culti- vated in rich soil with plenty of water and good drainage. Prop, by spores. U. S. A. CHRISTMAS OR *Aspidium A tough evergreen with deep green pol- i ft. SHIELD FERN acrostichoides ished fronds, coarsely divided. Excellent Shade Dryopteris for cutting. Plant several i ft. apart in acrosticboldes good well-drained garden soil. Easily trans- planted. Prop, by spores. Eastern Amer. MALE SHIELD *Aspidium Beautiful and uncommon evergreen. i-iHt. FERN Filix-mas Thrives under trees. Plant in masses a foot Shade . Dryopteris apart. Rich soil mixed with sand and leaf- Filix-mas mold. Prop, by spores. N. Europe; Can- ada; Col. GOLDIE'S Aspidium Our tallest wood fern with deep green 2-4 ft. WOOD FERN Goldianum fronds occasionally more than a foot wide. Shade Dryopteris Plant these ferns at intervals of 18 in. in Goldieana moist soil. Prop, by spores. Eastern Amer. MARGINAL * Aspidium Thick fronds, 3-5 in. wide, remain deep I -2 ft. SHIELD OR marginale green all the year round. Thrives anywhere Shade EVERGREEN Dryopteris but prefers rich soil. Plant at intervals of WOOD FERN marginalis i foot. Prop, by spores. N. Amer. SPINULOSE * Aspidium An evergreen with minutely divided 1 5 in. WOOD FERN spinulosum fronds about 4 in. wide. These ferns thrive Shade Drydpteris when planted 18 in. apart in rich soil with spinulbsa plenty of muck or leaf-mold. Prop, by spores. Northern N. Amer.; Europe. NARROW- Asplenium Pale delicate foliage easily beaten down . -4 ft. LEAVED angustifolium by wind or rain. Plant in background about Shade SPLEENWORT ib in. apart. Rich moist soil preferable. Prop. by spores. N. Amer. EBONY *Asplfenium An evergreen species with delicate leaves, 6-15 in. SPLEENWORT ebfeneum i to 2 in. wide on dark erect stems. Good Sun or A. platyneuron for rock-garden. Plant 18 in. apart in dry half soil mixed with some leaf- mold and a little shade lime. Prop, by spores. N. Amer. LADY FERN *Asplfenium A striking species with finely toothed 2-3 ft. Fllix-fcemina fronds. Set out plants in rich moist soil Sun or nearly 2ft. apart. Prop, by spores. Europe; shade N. Amer. MAIDENHAIR *Asplfenium Dainty evergreen with delicate fronds 3-6 in. OR DWARF Trichomanes about \\ in. wide. Excellent for rock-gar- Shade SPLEENWORT den. Thrives in any cleft of rock, if given a bare foot-hold. Plant 8 in. apart. Leaf- mold beneficial. Prop, by spores. Northern Hemisphere. 486 FERNS English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation WALKING LEAF *Camptos6rus Excellent for carpeting the rock-garden. 4-12 in. OR FERN rhyzoph^llus Small prostrate fern with tapering evergreen Half leaves. The fronds root at their tips, if they shade touch the ground, thus forming by "steps" new plants. Set out plants o in. apart in dry soil with a sprinkling of leaf-mold. Prop, by rooting of leaves and spores. East- ern N. Amer. BULBLET Cystdpteris Thrives on lime-stone cliffs near falling I -2 ft. BLADDER bulbifera water. Slender tapering foliage, pale in Shade FERN color. Set but plants 8-12 in. apart, in moist soil, in front of stronger ferns. Prop, by spores. Eastern N. Amer. HAY-SCENTED *Dicks6nia Excellent for massing in open ground. 2-3 ft. OR GOSSAMER puncti!6ba, Finely cut foliage fragrant when dry or Sun or FERN, HAIRY DICKSONIA D. pilosiuscula, Dennstcedtia crushed. Plant at intervals of 8 in. in dry or moist soil, well drained. Prop, by spores. half shade punctilobula Eastern N. Amer. CLIMBING, *Lyg6dium The only climbing fern in America. Deli- i -3 ft. CREEPING OR pahnatum cate heart-shaped fronds of a pale green on Shade HARTFORD slender trailing stems. Needs some support. FERN Plant in moist soil with leaf-mold and a mulch of leaves for a few years. Prop, by spores. Florida; Tenn. SENSITIVE Onoclea Thrives anywhere. Withers rapidly after I -2 ft. FERN sensibilis being picked. Coarse foliage peculiar in shape and delicate in color. Set out plants Sun or shade a foot apart. Prop, by spores. Eastern N. Amer. OSTRICH FERN *0noclea One of the tallest and most stately ferns. 2-5 ft. Struthi6pteris Graceful feathery foliage, dark green and Sun or Strutbiopteris usually erect. Effective .as background for shade Germdnica smaller ferns, as its growth is of tropical luxuriance. A gross feeder, requiring much manure. Prop, by spores. Northeastern N. Amer. CINNAMON *0smtinda A striking plant. Fronds 8 in. wide turn 2-5 ft. FERN cinnamdmea to cinnamon-brown. Thrives in rich moist Sun or soil with plenty of leaf-mold. Prop, by shade spores. Eastern Amer. CLAYTON'S OR Dsmunda Easily cultivated. Resembles the Cinna- 2-4 ft. INTERRUPTED Dlaytoniana mon Fern with graceful foliage curving out- Shade FERN ward like a feather duster. Plant at inter- vals of about 2 ft. in dry stony soil. Prop. by spores. Eastern Amer. ROYAL OR *0smu*nda Distinctive in appearance. Smooth pale 2-4 ft. FLOWERING regalis green foliage and conspicuous fruit in flower- Sun or FERN like clusters. Thrives in rich moist soil, shade even with water standing 2 or 3 in. deep. Prop, by spores. Eastern Amer. BROAD OR HEXAGON *Pheg6pteris iexagon6ptera Triangular leaves broader than their length, and much divided. Establish plants 7-12 in. Shade BEECH FERN about 8 in. apart in any garden soil, pref- erably rather dry. Prop, by spores. East- ern N. Amer. 487 FERNS English Name Botanical Name and Synonyms Description Height and Situation COMMON BRAKE OR EAGLE FERN *Ptferis aquilina Strikingly tall and vigorous plant. Leath- ery foliage, dull green in a sunny exposure, but a fresh color when growing in the shade. Any soil. Prop, by spores. N. Amer. •-5 ft. Sun or shade COMMON POLYPODY, ROCK OR *Polyp6dium vulgare Evergreen. One of the best for the rock- garden, and useful for cutting. Finely cut fronds. Grows on decayed tree-trunks and 4-12 in. Half shade SNAKE FERN on flat shelves in rocky ledges. Plant at in- tervals of 4-6 in. in any soil, not very moist. Prop, by spores. Europe; U. S. A. RUSTY Woodsia Hvlnsis Suitable for rock-garden. Grows in com- 2-6 in. WOODSIA pact tufts on exposed rocky ledges. Plant at intervals of about 8 in. in moist well- Sun or half drained soil. Prop, by spores. Amer. shade NARROW- LEAVED OR NET-VEINED CHAIN FERN Woodwdrdia angustifolia • Minutely toothed fronds 3-4 in. wide grown in compact tufts. The plant thrives in wet bogs, in moist or dry garden soil, well- drained. Prop, by spores. Eastern U. S. A. i ft. Shade • SUPPLEMENTARY LISTS SOME PLANTS WHICH WILL BLOOM IN SHADE Ajuga alpina Funkia subcordata Ajuga reptans Funkia subcordata var. grandiflora Asarum Europaeum Funkia Sieboldiana Convallaria majalis Hepatica acutiloba Epimedium alpinum Hepatica triloba Funkia Fortunei Orobus vernus Funkia lancifolia Pachysandra terminalis Funkia lancifolia var. alba marginata Pachysandra terminalis var. variegata Funkia lancifolia var. undulata Vancouveria hexandra Funkia ovata Vinca minor SOME PLANTS WHICH WILL GROW IN POOR SOIL Achillea serrata Lamium album Ajuga alpina Linaria vulgaris Alyssum saxatile Opuntia Missouriensis, and Rafinesquii Aquilegia Canadensis Orobus lathroides Arabis albida Phlox subulata Cerastium tomentosum Potentilla tridentata Dianthus deltoides, plumarius, and many others Saxifraga Pennsylvanica Eryngium campestre Sedum acre and stoloniferum Euphorbia Myrsinites Sempervivum tectorum, and arvernense Geranium sanguineum, and maculatum Verbascum Thapsus Helianthemum vulgare Veronica rupestris Iberis sempervivens Viola cucullata A FEW PLANTS. HAVING ESPECIALLY LONG BLOOMING SEASONS Campanula Carpatica Scabiosa graminifolia Delphiniums, if cut back Scabiosa sylvatica Heuchera sanguinea Verbascums, if cut back Lathyrus latifolius Viola cornuta Lychnis coronaria Viola tricolor SOME PERENNIALS FLOWERING THE FIRST SEASON FROM SEED SOWN IN SPRING Bupthalmum salicifolium Dianthus plumarius, and many other species Campanula Carpatica Erigeron Coulteri Campanula Carpatica var. alba Erigeron glabellus Campanula Carpatica var. rotundifolia Gaillardia aristata var. grandiflora Centaurea montana Geum atrosanguineum Chrysanthemum maximum Inula ensifolia Delphinium exaltatum Linaria Dalmatica Delphinium formosum Papaver nudicaule Delphinium grandiflorum Pentstemon campanulatus 489 SUPPLEMENTARY LISTS FIFTY OF THE BEST ANNUAL PLANTS 1 Ageratum Mexicanum 2 Alonsoa incisifolia 3 Amarantus cordatus 4 Antirrhinum majus, many varieties 5 Arctotis grandis 6 Bartonia aurea 7 Brachycome iberidifolia 8 Browallia elata var. grandiflora 9 Calendula officinalis, many varieties 10 Calistephus hortensis (China Aster) 1 1 Celosia cristata, many varieties 12 Celosia plumosa 13 Centaurea Americana 14 Centaurea cyanus 15 Chrysanthemum carinatum, many vari- 10 Clarkia elegans [eties IT Cleome pungens 18 Collinsia bicolor 19 Convolvulus tricolor 20 Coreopsis Drumondii 21 Cosmos bipinnatus, and varieties 22 Delphinium consolida, and varieties 23 Dianthus Chinensis 24 Eschscholtzia Californica 25 Gaillardia picta var. Lorenziana 26 Gilia tricolor 27 Helianthus cucumerifolius var. Stella 20 Helipterum roseum 29 Helichrysum bracteatum, and varieties 30 Iberis umbellata, and varieties 31 Ipomoea purpurea 32 Lathyrus odoratus, many varieties 33 Lupinus hirsutus, and other species 34 Matthiola incana, and var. annua 35 Mirabilis jalapa 36 Papaver Rhoeas, and somniferum in variety 37 Petunia hybrida 38 Phacelia viscida and Whitlavia 39 Phlox Drumondii 40 Reseda odorata, many varieties 41 Salpiglossis sinuata, and varieties 42 Salvia splendens 43 Scabiosa atropurpurea, and varieties 44 Schizanthus pinnatus, and varieties 45 Tagetes patula, and erecta -^ 46 Tropaeolum majus, and minus 47 Thunbergia alata 40 Torenia Fournieri 49 Verbena hybrida 50 Zinnia elegans TWENTY-FIVE OF THE BEST HARDY HERBACEOUS PLANTS Adonis vernalis Anemone Japonica, and its varieties Aquilegia caerulea, chrysantha, and chrys- Aster alpinus [antha hybrids Campanula Carpatica, persicifolia, and Clematis recta [macrantha Delphinium elatum, formosum, and hy- Dicentra spectabilis [bridum Iris Germanica, and its varieties Iris laevieata, and its varieties Lilium Hansoni, speciosum, tenuifolium, and many other kinds Lychnis Chalcedonica (Enothera fruticosa var. Youngii 14 Paeonia albiflora, officinalis, and many fine hybrids 1 5 Papaver orientale, and its varieties 10 Phlox paniculata, and its varieties 17 Phlox subulata 10 Platycodon grandiflorum 19 Pyrethrum (Chrysanthemum) roseum 20 Pyrethrum (Chrysanthemum) uliginosum 21 Rudbeckia speciosa 22 Sedum spectabile 23 Statice latifolia 24 Trollius Europaeus 25 Veronica rupestris, and latifolia var. sub- sessilis A FEW OF THE BEST ROCK-GARDEN PLANTS Adonis vernalis Alyssum saxatile Aquilegia caerulea, Canadensis, vulgaris, and many others Arabis albida Armeria maritima Aster alpinus Aubretia deltoidea CampanulaCarpatica, turbinata, and rotundi- Dianthus deltoides, and many others [folia Epimedium alpinum Geranium sanguineum Gypsophila repens Iberis sempervirens Lathyrus vernus Papaver alpinum, and nudicaule Phlox subulata Primula denticulata Helianthemum vulgare Heuchera sanguinea Lychnis viscaria var. flore-pleno Saxifraga cordifolia, crassifolia, and ligulata Sedum spectabile and Sieboldii Sempervivum arachnoideum, and sobiliferum Tunica saxifraga Viola cornuta 490 SUPPLEMENTARY LISTS SOME OF THE BEST HARDY PLANTS FOR EDGINGS Achillea tomentosa Ajuga reptans Arabis albida Armeria maritima Aubrietia deltoidea Campanula Carpatica Cerastium tomentosum Dianthus deltoides Phlox subulata Phlox procumbens Sedum stoloniferum Stellaria Holostea Veronica incana Veronica rupestris Viola cornuta SOME HARDY PLANTS FOR BOLD OR SUBTROPICAL EFFECTS Acanthus latifolius Bocconia cordata Cimicifuga racemosa Dipsacus Fullonum Echim^ps Ritro and exaltatus Elvffijis arenarius Helianthus orgyalis Heracleum giganteum Onopordon Acanthium Polygonum cuspidatum Polygonum sachalinense Silphium perfoliatum Spiraea- Aruncus Telekia cordifolia Verbascum Olympicum Yucca tomentosa A FEW OF THE BEST PLANTS FOR WILD GARDENS Anemone Canadensis Aquilegia vulgaris, and Canadensis Aster corymbosus, Novae Angliae, and many Campanula rapunculoides [others Convallaria majalis Coreopsis lanceolata Coronilla varia Crocus, in variety Epilobium angustifolium Erythronium Americanum Galanthus nivalis Helianthus mollis, and rigidus Hemerocallis fulva Hesperis matronalis Malva Alcea Lamium album Narcissus poeticus, princeps, and many others Scilla Sibirica and Hispanica Tulipa sylvestris Rudbeckia speciosa Verbascum Thapsus Viola cuculata, pedata, and pubescens Lilium superbum, and Canadense Solidago Canadensis, serotina, and many others Geranium maculatum INDEX OF BOTANICAL AND ENGLISH NAMES INDEX [Figures in bold-face type refer to pages bearing descriptive text, i.e., the important references; entries set in italic type are synonyms; varieties entered with no page numbers following are subordinate to the entries under which they are indented; " illus." indicates pages on which illustrations of the respective entries occur.] Aaron's Beard, 303, 388. Acanthus, Broad-leaved, 337, 403. Acanthus latifolius, 337. 403, 491. Acanthus longifolius, 264, 354. Acanthus Lusitanicus, 337. 403. Acanthus mollis, 354, 415, 446. Acanthus mollis var. latifolius, 337, 403, 446; illus. 335. Acanthus spinosissimus, 357, 415, 440. Acanthus spinosus, 357, 415, 446. Achillea AZgyptiaca, 293, 384, 421. Achillea Millefolium var. rubrum, 321, 394, 428. Achillea Mongolica, 274, 375, 416. Achillea Ptarmica, 167, 274, 37.5, 4i6. Achillea Ptarmica var. "The Pearl," 167, 274, 375, 4i6, 446; illus. 276. Achillea ptarmicoides, 274, 375, 416. Achillea serrata, 489. Achillea Sibirica, 274, 375, 416. Achillea tomentosa, 96, 194, 293, 384. 421, 491. Achillea Tournefortii, 293, 384, 421. Acts autumnalis, 420. Aconite, Autumn, 345, 410, 438, 446. Common Winter, 4, 27, 450. Officinal, 274, 345, 375, 4io, 416, 438. Aconitum Anthora, 194, 293. Aconitum autumnale, 345, 410, 438. Aconitum barbatum, 294, 384, 421. Aconitum Cammarum var. Storkia- num, 345, 410. Aconitum intermedium, 345, 410. Aconitum Lycoctonum, 294, 384, 421. Aconitum Napellus, 345, 410, 438, 446. Aconitum Napellus var. album, 274, 375, 416, 446. Aconitum ochroleucum, 294, 384, 421. Aconitum pyramidale, 345, 4io, 438. Aconitum pyramidale var. album, 274, 375, 4i6. Aconitum Pyrenaicum, 194, 293. Aconitum squarrosum, 294, 384, 421. Aconitum Storkianum, 345, 4io. Aconitum Tauricum, 345, 410, 438. Aconitum Tauricum var, album, 274, 375, 416, 438. Aconitum uncinatum, 233, 337, 403, 446; illus. 336. Acorus Calamus, 466. var. variegatus. Acorus gramineus var. variegatus, 458. Actaea alba, II, 71, 167. Actaea Japonica, 416. Actoea prodocarpa, 379. Actaea rubra, it, 71, 167. Actaea spicata, 71, 167. var. rubra (A. rubra). Actinella grandiflora, 194, 294. Actinella lanata, 198, 299. Actinella scaposa, 294, 384. Actinidea, Asiatic, 479. Actinidea polygama, 479. Actinomeris squarrosa, 294, 384. Adamsia scilloides, 20, 89. Adam's Needle, 194, 293, 457. Adder's Meat, 93, 190. Adder's Tongue, Common, 27, 101. Adenophora communis, 345, 411. Adenophora Fischeri, 345, 411. Adenophora Lamarckii, 234, 337, 403. Adenophora liliflora, 345, 411. Adenophora Ittiifolia, 345, 411. Adenophora Potannini, 346, 411. Adenophora Potannini var. alba, 274, Adiantum pedatum, 486. Adonis, Pyrenean, 294. Spring, 23, 96, 446, 490. Adonis Apennina, 23, 96. Adonis Davurica, 23, 96. Adonis Pyrenaica, 294. Adonis vernalis, 23, 96, 446, 490. ^Egopodium podograria var. variega- tum, 472. ^Ethionema cordifolium, 234. ^Ethionema grandiflorum, 127, 234, ^Ethionema Persicum, 222. Ageratum Mexicanum, 490. Agrostemma Coronaria, 268, 370. Agrostemma Flos-Jovis, 229, 331. Aira caerulea var. variegata, 472. Ajuga alpina, 141, 489. Ajuga Genevensis, 141, 446. Ajuga metallica var. crispa, 141, 250. Ajuga nugosa, 141. Ajuga reptans, 141, 250, 446, 489, 490. var. rubra. " variegata. Ajuga reptans var. alba, 71, 167. Akebia, 479. Akebia quinata, 479. Alchemilla alpina, n, 71. Aletris Japonica, 337, 403. Alexanders, Golden, 209, 314. Alkanet, Barrelier's, 142, 250. Cape, 142, 250, 346. Italian, 142, 250, 346. Alkekengi, 325, 397, 431. Allium anceps, 127, 234. Allium azureum, 250, 346. Allium cernuum, 329. Allium Moly, 24, 96, 446. Allium mutabile, it, 71. Allium platycaule, 127, 234. Alonsoa incisifolia, 490. Alpine Aster, Blue, 128, 234, 447. White, 75, 168. Alsine Holostea, 93, 190. Alsine verna, 72. Alstroemeria aurantiaca, 31?, 392. Alstrcemeria aurea, 317, 392. Althaea rosea, 357, 415, 246; illus. 356. Alum Root, 214. False, 93. Hairy, 179, 285, 381. Alyssum alpestre, 194, 294, 384. Alyssum argentium, 194, 294, 384. Alyssum Gemonense, 24, 96. Alyssum rostratum, 194, 294, 384. 495 j.j.o.11 o, j^, .jyu. Amaryllis aurea, 389. American Violet, Con Alyssum saxatile, 24, 96, 446, 489, 490; illus. 25. Alyssum saxatile var. compactum, 24, 96, 446. var. flore-pleno. " variegatum. Alyssum Wierzbickii, 194, 294, 384. Amarantus cordatus, 490. Amaryllis, Blood- red, 324, 396. Hall's, 324, 396. f n.'U.'Tffrt aRd.. immon Blue, 48, 141. Large, 48, 141. Amorpha canescens, 346, 411. Ampelopsis hederacea, 479. Ampelopsis quinquefolia, 479. Ampelopsis Roylei, 479. Ampelopsis tricuspidata, 479. Ampelopsis Veitchi, 479. Amsonia, 142, 250, 446. Narrow-leaved, 142, 250. Amsonia angustifolia, 142, 250. Amsonia ciliata, 142, 250. Amsonia latifolia, 142, 250. Amsonia salicifolia, 142, 250. Amsonia Tabernaemontana, 142, 250, 446; illus. 143. Anchusa Barrelieri, 142, 250. Anchusa Capensis, 142, 250, 346. Anchusa Italica, 142, 250, 346. Anemone, Alpine, 71. Blue Winter, 51, 142. Canada, 71, 167, 274. Narcissus-flowered, 71, 167, 274. Pink Japanese, 432. Rue, 72. Tall, 167, 274. Virginian, 167, 274. Wood. See Wood A. Anemone acutiloba, 51, 146. Anemone acutipetala, 43, 71, 127. Anemone alpina, 71. Anemone angulosa, 51, 149. Anemone Apennina, 48, 142. Anemone blanda, 51, 142. Anemone Canadensis, 71, 167, 374, 491. Anemone Caroliniana, 43, 127. Anemone decapetala, 43, 127. Anemone dichotoma, 71, 167, 274. Anemone Hepatica, 51, 149. Anemone Honorine Jobert, 416. Anemone Japonica, 431, 446, 490; illus. 430. var. "Queen Charlotte." Anemone Japonica var. alba, 416, 446, 490* illus. 418. Anemone Japonica var. rubra, 432, 446, 490. Anemone Japonica var. "The Whirl- wind," 416, 446, 490. Anemone narcissiflora, 71, 167, 274. Anemone nemorosa, u, 71, 167; illus. Anemone nemorosa var. caerulea, 51, 142. INDEX Anemone nemorosa var. Robinsoni- ana, 51, 142. Anemone patens var. Nuttalliana, 43, 127. Anemone Pennsylvanica, 71. 167, 274; illus. 73. Anemone Pulsatilla, 43. 127. Anemone ranunculoides, 24, 96. Anemone sylvestris, u, 72, 167, 274, 446; illus. 13. Anemone sylvestris var. flore-pleno, ii, 72. Anemone triloba, 51, 149. Anemone umbellata, 71, 167, 274. Anemone Virginiana, 167, 274. Anemonella thalichtroides, 72. Anemonopsis, Large-leaved, 337. Anemonopsis California, 337. Anemonopsis macrophylla, 337. Angel's Eyes, 154, 262, 456. Antennaria dioica, 222. var. tomentosa. Anthemis Kelwayi, 194, 294, 384, 421. Anthemis tinctoria, 96, 195, 294, 384, 421. Anthemis tinctoria var. Kelwayi, 194, 294, 384, 421. Anthericum, Branching, 168. Anthericum Graminifolium, 168. Anthericum Liliago, 274, 375. Anthericum Liliastrum, 72, 167, 277. var. major. Anthericum racemosum, 168. Antirrhinum majus, 490. Apache Plume, 115, 213. Aponogeton distachyum, 458. Aquilegia alpina, 142, 250. var. superba. Aquilegia atrata, 127, 234. Aquilegia caerulea, 145, 250, 446, 490; illus. 251. var. hybrida. Aquilegia ccerulea var. flavescens, 24, 96, 195, 294. Aquilegia Calif ornica, 36, 114, 212. Aquilegia Calif or nica var. hybrida, 114, 212. Aquilegia Canadensis, 36, 114, 212, 489 49°. 49i; illus. 37- Aqu^leg^a Lanadensis var. flavescens, 24, 96, i95. 294. Aquilegia Canadensis var. flaviflora, 24, 96, 195, 294. Aquilegia chrysantha, 96, 195, 294, 384, 446, 49°- var. flavescens (A. aurea, A. Canadensis var. aurea). Aquilegia eximea, 36, 114, 212. Aquilegia flabellata, 264; illus. 260. Aquilegia flabellata var. flore-alba, 168. Aquilegia formosa var. hybrida, 114, 212, 446. Aquilegia flabellata var. nana-alba, 1 68. Aquilegia glandulosa, 145, 250, 446. Aquilegia leptoceras, 145, 250. Aquilegia leptoceras var. chrysantha, ., 96, 195, 294, 384. Aquilegta macrantha, 145, 250. Aquilegia oxysepala, 127, 234. Aquilegia Skinneri, 114, 212. Aquilegia stellata, 127, 234. Aquilegia Stuarti, 145, 250. Aquilegia truncata, 36, 114, 212. Aquilegia vulgaris, 127, 234, 490. 491. var. Olympica (A. Wittmamana). Vervaeneana (var. foliis-au- reis, var. atroviolacea) . Aquilegia vulgaris var. alba, n, 72. Aquilegia vulgaris var. flore-pleno, 156, 264. Aquilegia vulgaris var. niyea, 72, 168. Aquilegta vulgaris var. nivea, n, 72, 447- Arabis albida, n, 72, 447, 489, 490, 491; illus. 13. 42. Arabis albida (cont'd) — var. flore-pleno. " variegata. Arabis alpina, 12, 72. var. flore-pleno. " variegata. Arabis Caucasica, n, 72. Arabis procurrens, 12, 72. Aralia Cachemirica, 472. Aralia Cashnteriana, 472. Aralia cordata, 472. Aralia edulis, 472. Aralia macrophylla, 472. Aralia racemosa, 472. Arbutus, Trailing, 40, 122. Arctotis grandis, 490. Arenaria graminifolia, 277. Arenaria procera, 274. Arenaria verna, 72. Arethusa, 118, 222. Arethusa bulbosa, 118, 222. Aretia Vitaliana, 100, 197. Aristolochia macrophylla, 479. Aristolochia Sipho, 479. Armeria alpina, 43, 128, 234; illus Armeria dtanthoides , 72, 168. Armeria Laucheana, 39, 118, 222. Armeria maritima, 118, 222, 447, 489, 490. Armeria maritima var. Laucheana, 39, 118, 222, 447. Armeria plantaginea, 128, 234. Armeria plantaginea var. leucantha, 72, 1 68. Armeria vulgaris, 118, 222. Arnebia echioides, 24, 99. Arnica montana, 204, 384. Arrhenatherum bulbosum var. vaxie- gatum, 492. Arrowhead, Common, 470. Old World, 465. Artemisia Abrotanum, 472. Artemisia Ludoviciana, 472. Artemisia Pontica, 473. Artemisia Stelleriana, 473. Artichoke, Jerusalem, 425. Arum, Arrow, 465. Aruncus astilboides, 190, 292. Aruncus Japonica, 190. Aruncus Sylvester, 190, 292, 471. Arundinaria Japonica, 473. Arundinaria Narihira, 473. Arundinaria Simoni, 473. Arundo Donax, 466, 473. var. variegata (var. versicolor). Asarabacca, 128, 234. Asarum Canadense, 264, 357. Asarum Europaeum, 128, 234, 489. Asclepias tuberosa, 317, 392, 447; illus. 316. Ashweed, Variegated, 472. Asperula ciliatq, 224. Asperula Galioides, 168, 277. Asperula odorata, 75, 168. Asphodel, Branching, 168, 277. True, 195, 295. Asphodeline lutea, 195, 295. Asphodelus albus, 168, 277. Asphodelus luteus, 195, 295. Aspidium acrostichoides, 486. Aspidium Filix-rnas, 486. Aspidium Goldianum, 486. Aspidium marginale, 486. Aspidium spinulosum, 486. Asplenium angustifolium, 486. Asplenium ebeneum, 486. Asplenium Filix-fcemina, 486. Asplenium platyneuron, 486. Asplenium Trichomanes, 486. Aster, Alpine. See Alpine A. Arrow-leaved, 337, 404. Beach, 131, 239. Bessarabian, 403, 435. Hairy Golden, 385. Lindley's, 403, 435. Low Showy, 404, 436. Aster (cont'd; — Maack's, 411, 439. New England, 404, 435, 447; illus. 405, 434- Prairie, 436, 447. Purple. See Purple A. Rush, 337, 403, 435- Savory-leaved, 337, 403, 435. Short's, 436, 447. Siberian, 404, 436. Small White, 168, 277. Smooth, 438, 447. Stokes', 414, 440, 455- Tall Flat-top White, 375, 416. Tartarian, 436, 447. Western Silky, 394, 428. Western Silvery, 394, 428. Aster Alpinus, 128, 234, 447, 490; illus. 129. var. superbus. Aster alpinus var. albus, 75, 168, 447. Aster Amellus var. Bessarabicus, 403, 435. var. elegans. Aster Amellus var. hybridus, 432. Aster argenteus, 394, 428. Aster Bessarabicus, 403, 435. Aster corymbosus, 491. Aster incisus, 338, 404. Aster junceus, 337, 403, 435. Aster laevis, 438, 447. var. formosissima. Aster linariifolius, 337, 403, 435. Aster Lindleyanus, 403, 435. Aster Maackii, 411, 439. Aster Novas Anglias, 404, 435, 447, 491; illus. 405, 434. var. albus. " roseus. " ruber. Aster Novi Belgii, 435. Aster patens, 436. Aster ptarmicoides, 277, 375. Aster sagittifolius, 337, 404. Aster salsuginosus, 177. Aster sericeus, 394, 428. Aster Shprtii, 436, 447. Aster Sibiricus, 404, 436. Aster spectabilis, 404, 436. Aster Tataricus, 436, 447. Aster turbinellus, 436, 447; illus. 423. Aster umbellatus, 375, 416. Aster versicolor, 416. Aster vimineus, 168, 277. Astilbe astilboides, 190, 292. Astilbe biternata, 168, 277. Astilbe Chinensis, 329, 397, 447. Astilbe decandra, 168, 277, 447. Astilbe Japonica, 168, 277, 292, 447; illus. 169. var. grandiflora. " multiflora. " variegata. Astragalus alopecuroides, 195, 295. Astragalus Chinensis, 195, 295. Astragalus galegiformis, 195, 295. Astrantia major, 223. Astrantia helieborifolia, 222. Atragene Americana, 481. Aubrietia deltoidea, 43, 128, 447, 490, 491. Aubrietia deltoidea var. Eyrei,43, 128. Aubrietia deltoidea var. Graeca, 43, 128. Aubrietia deltoidea var. Leichtlini, 39, 121. Aubrietia deltoidea var. Olympica, 44, 128. Aubrietia deltoidea var. purpurea, 44, 128. Auricula, 63, 1 60. Avens, Chiloe, 213, 322, 395. Double Deep Crimson, 213, 322. Long-plumed Purple, 115, 213. Mountain. See Mountain A. Pyrenean, 101, 198. Water. See Water A. 496 INDEX Babies' Slippers. 203, 305, 389. Babylonian Centaury, 295. Baby's Breath, 285, 380, 451- Bachelor's Button, 105, 208, 309, 39°- White, 89. Bahia, Woolly, 198, 299. Bahia lanata, 198, 299. Balloon Flower, 352, 413, 440, 454- White, 187, 290, 382, 420, 4S4; illus. 288. Balm, 183, 289, 382. Bee, 217, 324, 396, 43L Fragrant, 217, 324, 396. 43 x. Bamboo, Black, 474. Glaucous, 475- Golden, 474- Japanese, 473- Oval-leaved, 473. Simon's, 473- Bambusa aurea, 474. Bambusa Metake, 473- Bambusa nigra, 474. Bambusa ruscifolia, 475. Bambusa Simoni, 473. Bambusa viminalis, 475' Bambusa viridiglaucescens, 475« Bambusa viridistriata, 473- Baneberry, Japanese, 416. White, ii, 71, 167. Baptisia australis, 145, 253, 447; "lus. 144. Baptisia ccerulea, 145, 253. Baptisia exaltata, 145, 253. Baptisia leucantha, 171, 277. Barrenwort, 100. American, 94, 193. Common, 114, 213. Large-flowered, 56, 100, 155. Large White- flowered, 12, 76. Mussche's, 77. Red, 115- Bartonia aurea, 490. Base Broom, 198, 299. Bearded Pentstemon, 230, 332. Torrey's, 325f 396, 454. Beard-tongue, Blue Smooth, 153, 261. Cobaea, 37<>, 415. Crowned, 207, 306. Diffuse, 245, 342. Foxglove, 187, 290, 454. Large- flowered, 261, 352. Large Smooth, 261, 352. One-sided, 245, 343- Sharp-leaved, 245, 345. Showy, 261, 352. Slender, 136, 245, 343. Bear Grass, 194' Bear's Breech, 354, 415, 446. Long- leaved, 264, 354. Prickly, 357t 41 5. 446. Very Prickly, 357. 415, 446. Bedding Pansy, 48, 141, 249, 345, 410, 438. 456. White, 23, 95, 194, 293, 384, 421, Yellow, 35, no, 210, 317, 392, Bedstraw, Hedge. See Hedge B. Lady's, 198, 299, 385. Northern, 178, 284. Sylvan, 284, 380. Beech Fern, Broad, 487. Hexagon, 487. Begonia, Evans', 329, 397. Begonia discolor, 329, 397. Begonia Evansiana, 329, 397. Begonia grandis, 329, 397. Belemcanda Chinensis, 317, 392. Belentcanda punctata, 317, 392. Bellflower, Alliara-leaved, 277. Clustered, 237-238, 338, 447. Creeping, 338, 404. European, 338, 404. Giant, 342, 409. Gland. See Gland B. Bellflower, Great, 253, 346, 411. Japanese, 352, 413, 440. Large- blossomed, 238, 338, 447. Michaux's, 289. Milk-white, 278, 376. Noble, 264, 357, 448. Peach-leaved. See Peach-leaved B. Rainer's, 238, 338. Russian, 237. Sarmatian, 346. Spotted, 171, 278. Steeple, 346, 411. Turban. See Turban B. Van Houtte's, 238, 339, 448. Bellis perennis, 39, xai, 223; illus. 41. Bellwort, Large- flowered, no, 210. Perfoliate, no. Bellwort, Sessile-leaved, 102, 204. Bergamot, White Wild, 290. Wild, 342. Bethlehem Sage, 55, 154. Betonica offlcinalis, 249, 344. Betonica rosea, 249, 344. Betony, Wood, 105, 207, 249, 344. Bignonia Chinensis, 485. Bignonia radicans, 485. Bird's Eyes, 154, 262. Bishop's-cap, Two-leaved, 81. Bishop's Hat, 114, 213. Bitter- root, 268, 370. Bitter Sweet, False, 480. Oriental, 479. Bitter Vetch, Black, 242, 341. Spring, 47, 136, 452. White Spring, 16, 8r, 452. Black Sampson, 330, 398. Blazing Star, Common, 408, 437. Crocus-flowered, 314, 326, 392, 397, 431, 456; illus. 327. Cylindric, 408. Dense-spiked, 408, 437, 452. Handsome, 341, 408. Potts', 321, 394, 428, 456. Reddish, 326, 397, 456. Scarious, 408, 437, 452. Bleeding Heart, 40, 122, 227, 330, 450. California, 122, 227. White, 76, 174. Wild, 227, 330, 450. Blood-root, 20, 89. Bloomeria, Golden, 36, 113. Bloomeria aurea, 36, 113. Bluebell, Common (of England), 160, 273. Blue Bells, 52, 150. Blue Bells of Scotland, 238, 339, 404. White, 171, 278, 376. Blue Flag, Larger, 136, 242, 469. Missouri, 257. Slender, 135, 242. Western, 149, 257. Bluet, Mountain. See Mountain B. Bluets, 149, 257; illus. 147. Bocconia cordata, 277, 375, 447, 491. Bocconia Japonlca, 277, 375. Bocconia microcarpa, 473. Bolandra Oregana, 234. Boltonia, Aster-like, 375, 419. Broad-scaled, 337, 404, 436, 447. Woad-leaved, 376, 419, 447- Boltonia asteroides, 375, 419; illus. Boltonia glastifolia, 376, 419, 447. Boltonia glastifolia, 375, 419. Boltonia incisa, 338, 404. Boltonia latisquama, 337, 404, 436, 447. Boneset, 283, 379. Tall, 283, 379- Borage, Loose-flowered, 250. Borago Laxiflora, 253. Bouncing Bet, Double, 333t 4oa. 497 Bowman's Root, 178, 284. Boxberry, 284, 380. Box Thorn, 483. Chinese, 483. Brachycome iberidifolia, 490. Brasenia peltata, 458. Brauneria pallida, 330, 398. Brodicea unifiora, 140. Bronze-leaf, Rodger's, 188, 291. Broom, Base, 198, 299. Broomwort, Mountain, 93, 193. Browallia elata var. grandiflora, 49 •>. Brunella grandiflora, 234, 338. Brunella Pyrenaica, 234, 338. Buckbean, Fringed, 458. Bugbane, American, 379. Bugle, 141, 250, 446. Crisped Metallic, 141, 250. Erect, 141, 446. White, 71, 167. Bulbocodium vernum, 44, 447. Bulrush, Great, 465. Variegated, 475. Bunchberry, 75, 173. Bunge's Eremurus, 197. Bupthalmum cordifolium, 195, 295. Bupthalmum grandiflorum, 195, 295. Bupthalmum salicifolium, 193, 295, Bupthalmum speciosissimum, 195, 295. Bupthalmum speciosum, 195, 295. Burnet, 188, 291. Canadian, 188, 291. Wild, 188, 291. Burning Bush, 174, 282. Bush Clover, Japanese, 420. Two-flowered, 408, 437. Von Siebold's, 437, 452. Buttercup, Aconite-leaved, 89, 187. Creeping Double-flowered, 106, 208, 309. Double Aconite-leaved, 106, 208. Mountain, 106, 208, 309. White, 89, 187. Butterfly Weed, 317, 392, 447. Butterweed, 177, 283, 379. Button Snakeroot, 177, 283, 379, 419- Dense, 341, 408, 437, 452. Loose-flowered, 341, 408, 437. Cactus, Simpson's, 227, 330, 398. Calamint, Alpine, 234. Tom Thumb, 237, 338. Calamintha alpina, 234. Calamintha glabella, 237, 338. Calendula oflScinalis and vars., 490. Calimeris, Cut-leaved, 338, 404. Calimeris incisa, 338, 404. Calistephus hortensis (China Aster), 499. Callirhoe involucrata, 212, 321, 394. var. linearriloba. Calluna vulgaris, 329, 398. Calopogon pulchellus, 223, 329. Caltha palustris var. flore-pleno, 24, 99, 458, 466; illus. 459- Caltha palustns var, vnonstrosaplena, 24, 99. 458, 466. Calypso, 121, 223. Calypso borealis, 121, 223. Calypso bulbosa, 121, 223. Camcenerion angustifolium, 228, 330, 398. Camass, 145. Camassia Cusickii, 145. Camassia esculenta, 145. Camassia Fraseri, 145. Camomile, Double Scentless, 183, 289, 382. Rock, 90, 195, 394, 384, 421. Campanula, Chimney, 346, 411, 448. Campanula alliariaefolia, 277. Campanula Barrelierii, 338. INDEX Campanula Bononiensis var. Ruthen- ica, 237- Campanula caespitosa, 145, 253, 346. Campanula Carpatica, 237, 338, 404, 447, 489, 490. 491;,, illus. 235. var. "G. F. Wilson." " Henderson! (C. Carpatica tur- binata Henderson!) . " pelviformis. Riverslea." " turbinata (C. turbinata) (Tur- ban Bellftower). Campanula Carpatica var. alba, 171, 277, 376, 447, 489. Campanula Carpatica var. turbinata alba, 278, 376, 447. Campanula fragilis, 338. Campanula Garganica, 128, 237, 338, 404. Campanula Garganica var. hirsuta, 346. Campanula glomerata, 237-238, 338, 447; illus. 236. var. Dahurica. Campanula grandiflora, 352, 413, 44O. Campanula grandiflorum var. alba, 187, 290, 382, 420. Campanula gummifera, 346. Campanula lactiflora, 278, 376. Campanula lamiifolia, 277. Campanula latifolia, 253, 346, 411. var. eriocarpa. Campanula latifolia var. macrantha, 238, 338, 447- Campanula macrantha, 238, 338, 490. Campanula macrophylla, 277. Campanula Medium, 264, 357, 448; illus. 265. var. calycanthema. Campanula muralis, 131, 238. Campanula nobilis, 264, 357, 448. Campanula persicifolia, 238, 338, 448, 490. var. grandiflora. Campanula persicifolia var. alba, 171, 278, 448; illus. 170. var. alba grandiflora. " flore-pleno. Campanula persicifolia var. Backhou- sei, 171, 278, 44.8. Campanula persicifolia var. Moer- heimi, 171, 278, 448. Campanula Portenschlagiana, 131, 238. Campanula punctata, 171, 278; illus. 279. Campanula pyramidalis, 346, 411, 448. Campanula pyramidalis var. alba, 278, 376. Campanula Ra ^«.».KU.»u.u. iiainerii, 238, 338. Campanula rapunculoides, 338, 404, 491. Campanula rotundifolia, 238, 339, 404, 448. var. Hostii (C. Hostii). " sol danae flora (C. soldanella). Campanula rotundifolia var. alba, 171, 278, 376. Campanula Ruthenica, 237. Campanula Sarmatica, 346. Campanula Trachelium, 339, 404. Campanula Trachelium var. alba, 172. var. alba plena. Campanula turbinata, 490. Campanula turbinata var. alba, 278, 376. Campanula ucticifolia, 339, 404. Campanula Van Houttei, 238, 339, Campion, 'Double White, 289, 381. 420. Double Evening, 289, 381, 420. Evening, 16, 81, Morning, 115, 317. Moss, 246. Red, 115, 217. Campion, Red Alpine, 40, 122. Rose, 268, 370. White, 1 6, 8x. Campsis adrepens, 485. Campsis radicans, 485. Camptosorus rhyzophyllus, 487. Canada Lily, Red, 214, 323. Wild, 268, 370. Yellow, 200, 304; illus. 202. Candytuft, Evergreen, 78, 179, 451. Garrex's, 77, 179. Gibraltar, 135, 241. Large-flowered Lebanon, 127, 239, Leathery-leaved Rock, 78, 179. Mi. Lebanon, 234. Persian, 222. Rock, 78, 179- Tenore's, 78, 179, 451. Canna, French or Crozy, 357-358, 385, 394, 414, 415, 428, 440, 448. var. Admiral Dewey. " Antoine Crozy. " Charles Henderson. " E. G. Hill. 1 Florence Vaughn. " Madame Crozy. President Cleveland. President McKinley. Queen Charlotte. Roslindale. Sir Thomas Lipton. Souvenir Antoine Crozy. Tanytown. " Yellow Bird. Italian, 358-359, 385, 394, 4*4, 415, 421, 428, 440, 448. var. Alemannia. " America. " Aphrodite. " Edouard Andre". Golden Sceptre. H. Wendland. La France. Oceanus. Pandora. Pluto. Canna nigricans, 473. Canterbury Bells, 264, 357, 448. Caprifolium Hallianum, 483. Caprifolium hortense, 482. Caprifolium perfoliatum, 482. Caprifolium sempervirens , 483. Cardamine diphylla, 12, 76. Cardamine pratensis var. flore-pleno, 223. Cardinal Flower, 396, 431, 469; illus. 468. Blue, 413, 440, 469- Shining, 323, 396. Carlina acaulis, 376. Carolina Larkspur, 347- White, 282. Carpathian Hairbell, 237, 338, 404, 447; illus. 235. White, 171, 277, 3?6, 447- Cassia Marylandica, 295, 385. Castalia odorata, 463. Castalia odorata var. rosea, 464. Castalia tetragona, 464. Castalia tuberosa, 464. Catananche caerulea, 239, 339, 407. var. alba. " bicolor. Catchfly, Alpine, 90, 189. Autumn, 233, 334, 403. Caucasian, 93, 189. Double Seaside, 189, 292. German. See German C. Catmint, Large- flowered, 261, 352, .. 413. Mussm's, 342, 409. Cat's-ear, 222. Cat- tail, Broad-leaved, 465. Caulophyllum thalictroides, 27, 99. Cedronella, Hoary, 223, 329, 398. Cedronella cana, 223, 329, 398. Celandine, Lesser, 106. Celastrus articulatus , 479. Celastrus orbiculatus, 479. Celastrus scandens, 480. Celosia cristata, 490. Celosia plumosa, 490. Centaurea Americana, 490. Centaurea atropurpurea, 212, 322, 394. Centaurea Babylonica, 295. Centaurea calocephala, 212, 322. Centaurea cyanus, 490. Centaurea dealbata, 223, 329, 398. Centaurea glastifolia, 295, 385. Centaurea macrocephala, 295, 385, 448. Centaurea montana, 239, 339, 407, 448, 489. Centaurea montana var. alba, 75, 172, 278, 448. Centaurea montana var. citrina, 99, 195, 295. Centaurea montana var. rosea, 121, 223, 329, 448. Centaurea montana var. sulphurca, 99, 195, 295. Centaurea Ruthenica, 296. Centaury, Babylonian, 295. Blue-leaved, 295, 385. Diffuse, 228. Showy, 295, 385. Centranthus ruber, 212, 322. Centranthus ruber var. albus, 172, 278. Cephalaria alpina, 196, 296. Cephalaria Tatarica, 278, 376. Cerastium arvense, 75. Cerastium Biebersteinii, 172, 281. Cerastium Boissierii, 172. Cerastium grandiflorum, 75, 172. Cerastium tomentosum, 172, 489, 491. Ceratostigma plumbaginoides, 411, 439- Chain Fern, Narrow-leaved, 488. Net-veined, 488. Chalk-plant, Cerastium-like, 285. Creeping, 228, 331. Elegant, 178, 285. Pointed-leaved, 285, 380. Steven's, 178, 285. Charity, 139, 241. White, 89, 187. Checkerberry, 284, 380. Cheiranthus Cheiri, 156. Chelidonium diphyllum Papavtr Sty- lophorum, 106, 209. Chelone barbata, 230, 332. Chelone glabra, 281, 376. Chelone Lyoni, 395. Chelone obliqua, 395. Chelone obliqua var. alba, 281, 376. Chelone purpurea, 395. Cherry, Bladder, 325, 397, 431. Winter, 325, 397, 431. Chickweed, Mouse-ear. See Mouse- ear C. Field, 75. Chimaphila corymbosa, 172. Chimaphila umbellata, 172. Chimney-plant, White, 278, 376. Chinese Box Thorn, 483. Chinese Lantern Plant, 325, 397, 431. Chinese Wistaria, 485. White, 485. Chinkapin, Water, 461. Chionodoxa Alleni, 4, 51, 145. Chionodoxa Luciliae, 7, 51, 146, 448; illus. 9. Chionodoxa Luciliae var. alba. 3, 12, 75. Chionodoxa Luciliae var. gigantea, 7 51, 146, 448. Chionodoxa Luciliae var. Tmolusi, 4, 51, 146. iod( Chionodoxa Sardensis, 7, SL 146. Chionodoxa Tmolusi, 4, 51, 146. 498 INDEX Chionophila Jamesii, 172. 281. Chionoscilla Alleni, 4, 51, i4S. Christmas Rose, 3, 15. Long-leaved, 3, 15. Christopher. See Herb Christopher. Chrysanthemum, Anemone-flowered Pompon, 443, 448. var. Antonicus. 4 Clara Owen. ' Descartes. 1 Emily Rowbottom. Reine des Anemones. " Rose Marguerite. Aster or Large-flowering Pompon, 443-444; illus. 442. var. Alice Carey. " Allen Town. ' Arabella. ' Ashbury. Blenheim. ' Bohemia. ' Cerise Queen. ' Constance. Cowenton. Crola. Daybreak. Douckelaori. Duluth. Empress. Fred J. Fred Peele. Globe d'Or. Gloire de France. Hamlet. Hester. Hijos. King Philip. Lady de Vaul. Little Pet. Madeline. Montclair. Mrs. Porter. Mrs. Vincent. Patterson. Prince of Wales. Queen of the Whites. Sadie. Salem. ' Sheridan. ' Sir Michael. ' Soeur Melanie. ' St. Anselm. 1 Sunset. ' Sunshine. " The Czar. " Viola. ' Zenobia. Button or Small-flowering Pompon, 444-445; illus. 442. var. Agalia. ' Anna Mary. ' Austin. Black Douglas. Blushing Bride. ' Dawn. 1 Dinizulu. Dundee. Fashion. Golden Fleece. Golden Pheasant. Goldfinch. Henrietta. James Boon. Jeanette. L'Ami Condorchet. Little Bob. Mignon. Northumberland. Norwood. Paragon. Rhoda. Ruby Queen. Rufus. Savannah. Snowdrop. Tennyson. Chrysanthemum. Hardy, 440, 448; illus. 442. Nippon, 419. Red, 264, 359, 448. Single Hardy, 440, 443; illus. 442. var. Boston. ' Constance. ' Miss Rhoe. ' Northumberland. ' Sir Walter Raleigh. Chrysanthemum carinatum, 490. Chrysanthemum coccineum, 264, 359, Chrysanthemum inodorum var. flore- pleno, 183, 289, 382. Chrysanthemum maximum, 172, 281, 448, 489. var. filiformis. " Triumph." Chrysanthemum Nipponicum, 41. Chrysanthemum "Shasta Daisy," 173, 281, 376. Chrysanthemum Tchihatchewii, 173, 281. Chrysanthemum uliginosum, 376, 419, 448. Chrysocoma Linosyris, 389. Chrysogonum Virginianum, 196, 296. Chrysopsis alba, 277, 375. Chrysopsis villosa, 385. var. Rutteri. Chryspsplenium Americanum, 12, 75. Cimicifuga Americana, 379- Cimicifuga racemosa, 281, 379, 491; illus. 280. var. dissecta, " foetida var. simplex (C. sim- plex). Cimicifuga serpentaria, 281, 379. Cinquefoil, Calabrian, 105, 207, 306. Dark Blood- red Silvery, 221, 325. Hybrid. See Hybrid C. Large- flowered, 208, 309. Nepal, I2S, 231. Pyrenean, 105, 208, 309. Russell's, 321, 394. Shrubby, 207, 309, 390. Silvery, 105, 207, 306. Silvery-leaved, 207, 306. Three- toothed, 89, 187. Clarkia elegans, 490. Clary, Silvery, 188, 291. Claytonia Caroliniana, 39, xai. Claytonia Virginica, 39, iai. Clematis, Bluish, 480. Erect Heracleum-leaved, 439, 448. Erect Silky, 296, 385. Fremont's, 346, 411. Heracleum-leaved, 411, 439. Jackman's, 480. Mountain, 481. White Jackman's, 480. Clematis azurea, 480. Clematis caerulea, 480. Clematis coccinea, 481. Clematis erecta, 173, 281. Clematis Fre"monti, 346, 411. Clematis heracleaefolia, 411, 439. var. Davidiana (C. tubulosa var. Davidiana). Clematis heracleaefolia var. stans, 439, 448. Clematis integrifolia, 253, 347. Clematis Jackmani, 480. var. Gypsy Queen. ' magnifica (C. magnified). ' Star of India. Clematis Jackmani var. alba, 480. Clematis lanuginosa, 480. var. Candida (C. Candida}. " excelsior (C. excelsior). Clematis luniginosa var. "Otto Froe- bel," 480. Clematis montana, 481. Clematis ochroleuca, 296, 385. Clematis paniculata, 481; illus. 477. 499 Clematis patens, 480. Clematis recta, 173, 281, 448, 490. var. lathyrifolia. ' umbellata. Clematis sericea, 296, 385. Clematis stans, 439. Clematis tubulosa, 411, 439. Clematis verticillaris, 481. Clematis Viorna var. coccinea, 481. Clematis Vitalba, 481. Cleome pungens, 490. Clintonia, Yellow, 99, 196. Clintonia borealis, 99, 196. Clover, Bush. See Bush C. Holy, 230, 332. Hungarian, 193, 293. Violet Prairie, 245, 343. 409, 437- Cock s- foot, Variegated, 473. Cohosh, 71, 167. Blue, 27, 91. Colchicum autumnale, 407, 436, 448. Colchicum Parkinsoni, 414, 440. Colchicum speciosum, 436, 448. Colchicum variegatum, 432. Colewort, Heart-leaved, 173, 281. Colic-root, 408, 437. Collinsia bicolor, 490. Coltsfoot, 283. Variegated, 35. Columbine, Alpine, 142, 250. Altaian, 145, 250, 446. Californian, 36, 114, 212. Double-flowered European, 156, 264. Dwarf White-flowered, 168. European, 127, 234. Fan-shaped, 264. Feathered, 93, 193, 293. Golden-spurred, 96, 195, 294, 384, 446. Hybrid Californian, 114, 212, 446. Large Scarlet Californian, 36, 212. Long-spurred, 145, 250, 446; illus. 251. Mexican, 114, 212. Munstead's White, II, 72. Sharp- sepaled, 127, 234. Stuart's, 145, 250. White, 72, 168. Wild, 36, 114, 212. Yellow Canadian, 24, 96, 195, 294. Comfrey, Common, 93, 193, 293. Prickly, 154, 262, 353. Variegated Common, 476. Compass Plant, 313, 392, 455- Conandron rampndioides, 173, 281. Coneflower, California, 390. Gray-headed, 200, 304, 388. Green-headed, 309, 390. Large, 390. Large-flowering, 390. Orange, 394, 428. Pale Purple, 330, 398. Purple, 330, 398, 450. Serotin's Purple, 322, 395. Showy, 309, 390. Sweet, 391, 455- Tall, 309, 39o. Thin-leaved, 309, 391, 455. Yellow, 390. Conoclinium ccelestinum, 439. Convallaria majalis, 75, 173, 449, 489, 49U illus. 74. Convolvulus tricolor, 490. Coral Bells, 213-214, 323, 395, 428, 451; illus. 433. White, 179, 285, 380, 419. Coral Lily, Siberian, 214, 323, 453. Coreopsis auriculata, 296, 385, 422. Coreopsis delphinifolia, 296, 385, 421. Coreopsis Drumpndii, 490. Coreopsis grandiflora, 196, 296, 385, 449; illus. 297. Coreopsis lanceolata, 196, 296, 385, 449, 491; illus. 298. Coreopsis palmata, 196, 296. INDEX Coreopsis preecox, 196, 296. Coreopsis pubescens, 296, 385, 422. Coreopsis rosea, 223, 329, 398. Coreopsis tenuifolia, 206, 385. Coreopsis tent . . , , _ . Coreopsis tripteris, 385, 422. Coreopsis verticillata, 296, 385. Corn, Squirrel, 12, 76. Cornel, Dwarf, 75, 173. Cornus Canadensis, 75, 173; 175- illus. Coronarta tomentosa, 268, 370. Coronilla varia, 223, 329, 398, 491; illus. 328. Cortusa Matthioli, 44, 131. Corydalis bulbosa, 121. Corydalis nobilis, 99, 196. Corydalis solida, 121. Cosmos bipinnatus and vars., 490. Cotton, Lavender, 475. Coventry Bells, 339, 404. White, 172. Cowslip, American, 122, 131, 227, 239. Blue, 153. English, 35, 105, 455; illus. 34. Virginian, 52, 150. Crambe cordifolia, 173, 281. Cranesbill, 240. Armenian, 228, 331. Blood-red, 115, 213, 322, 451. Dusky-flowered, 254, 351. Endress's, 122, 228. Hill-loving, 241, 340. Iberian, 254, 35i,l4ia. Lancaster, 228, 331. Meadow, 257, 351, 412. Spotted, 132, 241; illus. 133. Wallich's, 241, 340, 407. White Blood, 77, 178, 284. Wild, 132, 241. Creeping Forget-me-not, 55, 153. White, 19, 85. Creeping Jenny, 203, 305. Cress, Rock. See Rock C. Crimson Bells, 213-214, 323, 395, 428, 451; illus. 433. Crocus, 8, 12, 27, 44, 55, 5$, 449, 49i; illus. 6. var. Albion. Caroline Chisholm. Cloth of Silver. Golden Yellow. King of the Blues. La Majestueuse. Mammoth White. Mont Blanc. 1 Purpurea grandiflora. 1 Sir Walter Scott. Cloth of Gold, 4, 27, 449. Cloth of Silver, 8, 55. Handsome Autumn, 436. Saffron, 436. Scotch, 8, 55, 449. Spring, 8, 56, 449- Crocus binorus, 8, 55, 449. Crocus sativus, 436. Crocus speciosus, 436. Crocus Susianus, 4, 27, 449. Crocus vernus, 8, 56, 449. Cromwell, Gentian-blue, 150, 258. Crowberry, 131. Crosswort, 224, 329, 398. Crowfoot, White, 89, 187. Crownbeard, 204, 384. Crown Imperial, 56, 156, 450; illus. Crown- Vetch, 223, 329, 398. Crucianella, Foetid, 224, 329, 398. Crucianella stylosa, 224, 329, 398. Cruel Plant, 281. Cuckoo Flower, 229, 331. Double, 122, 223, 229. Culver's Root, 384, 421. Cunila Mariana, 407, 437. Cupidone, Blue, 239, 339- 407. Cup Plant, 313, 392. Cutberdill Sedocke, 354, 415. Cynanchum acuminatifolium, 281. Cypripedium acaule, 121, 224. Cypripedium arietinum, 131, 239, 339. Cypripedium candidum, 76, 173. Cypripedium hirsutum, 99, 196. Cypripedium montanum, 76, 173. Cypripedium parviflorum, 99, 196. Cypripedium pubescens, 99, 196, 449; illus. 97, 98. Cypripedium regince, 174. Cypripedium spectabile, 174, 449. Cysopteris bulbifera, 487. Dactylis glomerata var.variegata, 473. Daffodil, Algerian White Hoop- petti- coat, 19, 82. Common, 31-32, 102, 453; illus. 33. Hoop-petticoat, 28, 102. Star, 28, 31, 102, 453. Trumpet, 31-32, 102, 453; illus. 33. White Spanish Trumpet, 82. Dahlia varieties, 359-360, 363-365, 379, 385, 395, 398, 407, 414, 415, 419, 422, 428, 432, 437, 440, 445, 449. Dahlia, Cactus, 359-360, 379; illus. 361 var. Ajax. Alpha. Artus. Aunt Chloe. Austin Cannel. Britannia. Clara G. Stredwick. Columbia. Countess of Lonsdale. Emperor. Eva. Exquisite. Fire Brand. Florence. Galliard. H. F. Robertson. Island Queen. J. H. Jackson. Keynes' White. ' King of Siam. " Kriemhilde. 4 Lady Ed. Talbot. 1 Lord Roberts. ' Mary Service. " Matchless. ' Miss Webster. ' Monarch. " Mr. Moore. " Mrs. A. Pearl. ' Mrs. De Lucca. " Mrs. Freeman Thomas. " Mrs. H. J. Allcroft. ' Night. " Queen Wilhelmina. ' Uncle Tom. " Viscountess Sherbrook. Collerette, 360, var. Joseph Goujon. " President Viger. Common, 31, 102, 365, 415. Decorative, 360, 363; illus. 362. var. Admiral Dewey. 4 Black Beauty. ' Bronze Beauty. ' Lemon Giant. ' Lyndhurst. ' Mephisto. " Nymphaea. " Perle. " Sundew". ' Wm. Agnew. " Wilhelm Miller. " Zulu. Fancy, 363. var. Admiral Schley. ' Buffalo Bill. ' Eloise. ' Frank Smith. 14 Judah. 500 uia Joh b Dahlia, Fancy (cont'd) — var. Lottie Eckford. ' Lucy Fawcett. " Olympia. ' Penelope. " Striped Banner. Pompon, 363-364. var. Catherine. " Elegante. 4 Le Petit Jean. 1 Little Beauty. ' Little Naiad. 1 Little Prince. Lou Kramer. ' Snowclad. " Sunshine. Quilled, 364; illus. 36?. var. A. D. Livoni. 1 Grand Duke Alexis. Kaiser Wilhelm. ' Queen Victoria. 1 Ruth. Scarlet, 365, 415. Show, 364. var. Arabella. Black Diamond, ohn Bennett, ohn Walker. Phare. ' Miss May Loomis. 1 Mrs. Dexter. 1 Pink Dandy. ' Queen of the Belgians. ' Queen of Yellows. 1 Red Hussar. " Thos. White. Single, 364-365. var. Anemone. 1 Annie Hughes. Black Bird. ' Danish Cross. ' Gaillardia. * Gold Standard. ' Juno. Lustre. ' Record. Von Merck's, 365, 415. Dahlia coccinea, 365, 415. Dahlia glabrata, 365, 415. Dahlia Merckii, 365, 415. Dahlia rosea, 365, 415. Dahlia variabilis, 365, 415. Daisy, Double Orange, 317, 393. Easter (of Colorado), 20, 93. English, 39, 223. Globe. See Globe D. Giant, 376, 419. Mountain. See Mountain D. Shasta, 173, 281, 376. Turfing, 173, 281. Dalibarda frazarioides , 113, 210. Dane's Blood, 237, 338. Dane-weed, 348, 412, 439. Daphne Cneorum, 39-40, 121, 449! illus. 1 20. var. ma jus. Day Lily, Brown, 318, 393. Dumortier's, 210, 317, 451. Fortune's, 340. Lance-leaved, 340, 407, 437, 450. Lesser Yellow, 303, 388. Middendorf's Yellow, 199, 303, 451, Orange, 31 7, 393- Oval-leaved, 240, 340. Siebold's, 240, 340. Subcordate, 283, 380. Thunberg's Yellow, 199, 303, 451. Deer Grass, 470, Delphinium alpinum, 253, 347, 411. Delphinium azureum, 347- Delphinium Brunonianum, 253, 347. Delphinium cardinale, 322, 395. Delphinium Carolinianum, 347. Delphinium Carolinianum var. o/M. dum, 282. Delphinium Cashmerianum, 239, 339. INDEX Delphinium Caucasicum, 253, 347. Delphinium consolida and vars., 490. Delphinium elatum, 253, 347, 4ii> 449, 490. Delphinium exaltatum, 489. Delphinium formosum, 253, 254, 347, 449, 489, 49°; MUS- 252. var. ccelestium. Delphinium grandiflorum, 347. 4", 449, 489. var. flore-pleno (var. hybridum flore- plena). Delphinium grandiflorum var. album, 282, 379, 449- Delphinium grandiflorum var. Chi- nense, 267, 365, 449. Delphinium hybridum, 254, 347, 449, 490; illus. 255. var. Barlowi. Delphinium hybridum var. sulphur eum, 196, 299. Delphinium Maackianum, 347. Delphinium nudicaule, 114, 212. Delphinium pyramidale, 253, 347, 411. Delphinium Sinense, 347» 4ii. Delphinium sulphureum, 196, 299. Delphinium trollifolium, 55. Delphinium virescens, 347. Delphinium Zalil, 196, 299. Dennstadtia punctilobula, 487. Dentaria diphylla, 12, 76. Desmodium Japonicum, 420. Desmodium penduliftorum, 408, 437. Dianthus alpinus, 224, 329. Dianthus arenarius, 174, 282. Dianthus atrorubens, 212, 322. Dianthus barbatus, 2671 365, 449; illus. 266. Dianthus bicolor, 174. Dianthus csesius, 121, 224, 330. Dianthus Carthusianorum, 212, 322. Dianthus Chinensis, 490. Dianthus cinnabarinus, 330, 398, 449. Dianthus cruentus, 213, 322, 449. Dianthus deltoides, 121, 224, 449, 489, 490, 491; illus. 1 20. Dianthus glacialis, 224. Dianthus la^lius, 224, 330, 398, 449. Dianthus "Miss Simkins," 76, 174, 449- Dianthus neglectus, 224. Dianthus pallidiflorus, 224. Dianthus petraeus, 224, 330. Dianthus plumarius, 122, 224, 449, 489. Dianthus plumarius vars., 227, 449; illus. 225. var. Essex Witch. ' New Mound. ' roseus flore-pleno. Dianthus plumarius var. alba plena, 174, 449. Dianthus plumarius var. "White * ] Witch," 174, 449- Dianthus Seguierii, 227, 330, 450. Dianthus squarrosus, 174, 282. Dianthus superbus, 339, 407. Dianthus sylvestris, 213. Dianthus mrgineus, 213. Diapensia, 282. Diapensia barbulata, 20, 89. Diapensia lapponica, 282. Dicentra Canadensis, 12, 76. Dicentra cucullaria, 12; illus. 14. Dicentra eximia, 227, 330, 450. Dicentra formosa, 122, 227. Dicentra spectabilis, 40, 122, 227, 330, 450, 490; illus. 123. Dicentra spectabilis var. alba, 76, 174. Dicksonia, Hairy, 487. Dicksonia pilosiuscula, 487. Dicksonia punctiloba, 487. Dictamnus albus, 174, 282, 450. Dictamnus albus var. rubra, 227, 330, 450. Dictamnus Fraxinella, 174, 282. Dictamnus Fraxinella var. rubra, 227, 330. Dielytra Canadensis, 12, 76. Dielytra cucullaria, 12, 76. Dielytra eximia, 227, 330. Dielytra spectabilis, 40, 122, 227, 330. Dielytra spectabilis var. alba, 76, 174. Digitalis ambigua, 197, 299. Digitalis aurea, 299. Digitalis ferruginea, 299. Digitalis grandiftora, 197, 299. Digitalis lanata, 197, 299. Digitalis ochroleuca, 197, 299. Digitalis purpurea, 267, 365, 450; il- lus. 176. var. alba. ' gloxiniaeflora (D. gloxinoides, D. gloxiniae-nora) . Digitalis purpurea var. alba, 174, 282, 450. Digitalis tomentosa, 267, 365. Digitalis tomentosa var. alba, 174, 282. Diphylleia cymosa, 76. Diplopappus linariifolius , 337, 403, Dipsacus Fullonum, 177, 282, 491. Dittany, 174, 282. Maryland, 407, 437. Dock, Prairie, 184, 290, 382, 392. Dodecatheon Jeffreyi, 122, 227. Dodecatheon Meadia, 131, 239; illus. 130. Doellingeria umbellata, 375, 416. Dogtooth Violet, Common, 27, 101. Common (of Europe), 44, 132, 450; illus. 55. Large- flowered, 27, 101, 450. Lemon-colored, 27, 101. White, 15, 77, 45O. Dog Violet, 68, 164. White, 23, 95. Doronicum Austriacum, 99, 197. Doronicum Caucasicum, 99, 197. Doronicum Clusii, 100, 197. Doronicum excelsum "Harpur Crewe," ioo,t 197. Doronicum' Pardalianches, 100, 197. Doronicum plantagineum, 100, 197. Doronicum plantagineum var. excel- sum, 100, 197. Douglasia Vitaliana, 100, 197. Draba aizoides, 100, 197. Draba Aizpon, 27, 100. Draba alpina, 27, 100. Draba brunicefolia, 197. Draba Olympica, 197. Dracocephalum Altaiense, 254, 347. Dracocephalum grandiflorum, 254, Dracocephalum nutans, 146, 254. var. alpina. Dracocephalum Ruyschiana, 347. Dragonhead, False, 333. White False, 290, 382. Dragon's-head, Large- flowered, 254, 347. Nodding, 146, 254. Ruysch's, 347. Dragon Tulip, 164, 273, 456;[illus. 165. Dropwort, 190, 292. Dry as octopetala, 76, 177. Dryopteris acrostichotdes , 486. Dryopteris Filix-mas, 486. Dryopteris Goldieana, 486. Dryopteris marginalis, 486. Dryopteris spinulosa, 486. Dusty Miller, 268, 370. Deep Crimson, 217, 324. White, 180, 289. Dutchman's Breeches, 12, 76. Dutchman's Pipe, 479. Dwarf Flag, 133. Azure, 149. White-flowered, 78. Dwarf Iris, Crested, 135, 241, 451. Slender, 47, 136. 501 Easter Bell, 93, 190. Echinacea angustifplia, 330, 398. Echinacea intermedia, 322, 395. Echinacea purpurea, 330, 398, 450. Echinacea purpurea var. serotina, 322, 395. Echinocactus Simpsoni, 227, 330, 398. Echinops exaltatus, 347, 412, 491. Echinops Ritro, 348, 412, 450, 491; illus. 349. var. tenuifolius (E. Ruthmecus). Echinops sphaerocephalus, 348, 412. . Edelweiss, 200, 304. Elecampane, 304, 388. Large- flowering, 199. Sword-leaved, 303, 388. Elymus arenarius, 474, 491. Empetrum nigrum, 131. Eomecon chionantha, 282, 379. Epigaea repens, 40, 122. Epilobium angustifolium, 228, 330, 398, 491. Epilobium angustifolium var. album, 177, 282, 379. Epilobium sptcatum var. album, 177, 282, 379. Epimedium alpinum, 114, 213, 489, 490. Epimedium alpinum var. rubrum, 115. Epimedium Colchicum, 100. Epimedium hexandra, 94, 193. Epimedium macranthum, 56, 155. Epimedium macranthum var. niveum, 12, 76. Epimedium Musschianum, 77. Epimedium niveum, 12, 76. Epimedium pinnatum, 100. Epimedium pinnatum var. Colchicum, ipo. Epimedium rubrum, 115. Epipactis gigantea, 177, 283. Epipactis Royleana, 177, 283. Equisetum hyemale, 466. Eranthis hyemalis, 4, 27, 450; illus. 5. Eremurus Bungei, 197, 299. Eremurus Himalaicus, 177, 283. Eremurus robustus, 228, 331; illus. 226. Erianthus Ravennae, 474. Erica carnea, 56, 156. Erica vulgaris, 329, 398. Erigeron, Rough, 131, 239. Very Rough, 239, 339. Erigeron acris, 131, 239. Erigeron armeriaefolius, 131, 239. Erigeron aurantiacus, 317, 393. Erigeron bellidifolius, 131, 239; illus. Erigeron Canadensis, 177, 283, 379. Erigeron Coulteri. 77, 177, 489. Erigeron flagellaris, 77, 177. Erigeron glabellus, 131, 239, 489. Erigeroo glabellus var. asper, 239, 339. Erigeroii glaucus, 131, 239. Erigeron pulchellus, 131, 239. Erigeron salsuginosus, 177. Erigeron speciosus, 240, 339, 450. var. superbus. Erinus, Wall, 132, 240. Erinus alpinus, 132, 240. Eriophyllum caespitosum, 198, 299. Erodium glandulosum, 240, 339, 407. Erodium macradenium, 240, 339, 407. Erodium Manescavi, 240, 339. Eryngium alpinum, 348, 412. Eryngium amethystinum, 254, 348, 412, 439- 45o; illus. 349. Eryngium aquaticum, 177, 283, 379, 419. Eryngium Bourgati, 348, 412, 439. Eryngium campestre, 348, 412, 439, 489. Eryngium planum, 348, 412, 450. Eryngium planum var. album, 283, 379- INDEX Eryngium yucca folium, 177. 283, 379, 4*9. Eryngo, Bourgat's, 348, 412, 439- Flat-leaved, 348, 412. Erysimum alpinum, 101, 198. Erysimum ochroleucrum, 27, 101. Erysimum pulchellum, 101, 198. Erysimum rupestre, 101, 198. Erythraea diffusa, 228. Eryihrcea Masoni, 228. Erythrochcete palmatifida, 471. Erythronium albidum, 15, 77, 450. Erythronium Americanum, 27, 101, 450, 491; illus. 26. Erythronium citrinum, 27, 101. Erythronium Dens-Canis, 44, 132, 450; illus. 45. Erythronium giganteum, 27, 101. Erythronium grandiflorum, 27, 101, 450. Eschscholtzia Californica, 490. Eulalia, 470, 474. Eulalia Japonica, 491. Euonymus Japonicus var. radicans, 481. Euonymus radicans, 481. Eupatorium ageratoides, 379. 419; illus. 378. Eupatorium altissimum, 283, 379. Euphorbia corollata, 283, 379. Euphorbia Myrsinites, 28, 101, 489; illus. 104. Evening Primrose, Eraser's, 204, 305, 389, 453- Large- flowered Biennial, 204, 305, 389- Linear-leaved, 204, 305, 389. Showy, 382, 420. Stemless, 82, 183, 290. Tufted, 82, 183. Everlasting, Mountain, 222. Everlasting Pea, Two- flowered, 482. White, 482. Fair Maids of France, 89. False Goat's Beard, 168, 277, 447. Japanese, 168, 277, 292, 447; illus. 169. False Sunflower, 300, 386. Pitcher's, 303. Pel wort, Marsh, 353. Fennel, Common Giant, 299. Fern, Beech. See Beech F. Bulblet Bladder, 487. Chain. See Chain F. Clayton's, 487. Christmas, 486. Cinnamon, 487. Climbing, 487. Common Brake, 488. Common Eagle, 488. Common Polypody, 488. Common Rock, 488. Common Snake, 488. Creeping, 487. Flowering, 470, 487. Gossamer, 487. Hartford, 487. Hay-scented, 487. Interrupted, 487. Lady, 486. Maidenhair, 486. Male Shield, 486. Marginal Shield, 486. Ostrich, 487- Royal, 470, 487. Sensitive, 487. Shield, 486. Walking, 487. Wood. See Wood F. Ferula communis, 299. Festuca glauca, 474. Festuca ovina var. glauca, 474. Feverfew, American, 184, 290, 382. Ficaria Ficaria, 106. Fig, Barberry, 207, 306, 390. Figwort, 1 06. Filipendula Camtschatica, 292. Filipendula hexapetala, 190, 292. Filipendula lobata, 233, 334. Filipendula purpurea, 233, 334, 471. Filipendula Ulmaria, 190, 292. Fire Weed, 228, 330, 398. White, 177, 282, 379. Fivefinger, Hybrid, 208, 309, 390. Large- flowered, 208, 309. Russell's, 321, 394. Shrubby, 207, 309, 390. Silvery-leaved, 207, 306. Flag, Blue. See Blue F. Dwarf. See Dwarf F. Elder- scented, 155. Florentine, 78, 179, 451; illus. 79. German, 156, 267. Great Purple, 135, 242, 452. Neglected, 149, 257. Plaited, 135, 242, 452. Red-brown, 211. Siberian, 136, 242, 452; illus. 244. Sweet. See Sweet F. Sword-leaved, 257. Turkey, 135, 242. Water. See Water F. White Siberian, 81, 179, 452. Yellow- banded, 102, 199. Flame Flower, 428; illus. 429. Coral- red, 431. Ever- blooming, 393, 452. Tuck's, 200, 304, 388. Flax, Austrian, 258, 413. Perennial, 149, 258, 351, 453; illus. 148. White Perennial, 8z, 180, 286. Yellow, 203, 305. Fleabane, Bitter, 131, 239. Blue, 131, 239. Glandular, 304, 388. Running, 77, 177. Showy, 240, 339, 450. Thrift-leaved, 131, 239. Fleur-de-lis, 135, 156, 159, 242, 267, 451; illus. 157, 243. Foam Flower, 03. Forget-me-not, Creeping. See Creep- ing F. Early, 52, 150, 258. ^ver- flowering, 153, 258, 352, 413, 453. 47o; illus. 151. True, 130, 258. Wood. See Wood F. Foxglove, Blue, 339, 404. Common, 267, 365, 450; illus. 176. Rusty, 299. White, 174, 282. Woolly, 197, 299. Yellow, 197, 299. Fragaria Indica, 198. Fraxinella, 174, 282. Red, 227, 330. Fritillaria atropurpurea, 44, 132. Fritillaria aurea, 28, 101. Fritillaria biflora, 44, 132. Fritillaria Camtschatcensis, 44, 132. Fritillaria Imperialis, 56, 156, 450; illus. 57. var. aurea marginata (F. I. coro- nata var. aurea marginata). ' variegata. Fritillaria liliacea, 15, 77. Fritillaria Meleagris, 59, 156, 450; illus. 58. Fritillaria Meleagris var. alba, 15, 77, 450; illus. 14. Fritillaria montana, 155. Fritillaria obliqua, 56, 155. Fritillaria pallidiflora, 28, 101. Fritillaria pudica, 28, 101. Fritillaria Ruthenica, 47, 132. 502 Fritillaria tenella, 155. Fritillaria tulipifolia, 146. Fritillary, Golden, 28, zoz. Lily-like, 15, 77. Pale-flowered, 28, zoz. Purple, 44, 132. Russian, 47, 132. Shy, 28, 101. Slender, 155. Twisted-leaved, 56, 155. Two-flowered, 44, 132. Tulip-leaved, 146. Fuchsia, California, 397, 431. Cape, 325, .3 96. Fumana nobilis, 99, 196. Fumaria solida, 121. Fumewort, Solid-rooted, I2Z Fumitory, Noble, 99, 196. Funkia alba, 283, 380. Funkia alba var. grandiflora, 380, 419. Funkia ccerulea, 240, 340. Funkia cordata, 283, 380. Funkia cucullata, 240, 340. Funkia Fortunei, 340, 489. Funkia gigantea, 240, 340. Funkia glauca, 240, 340. Funkia Japonica, 283, 340, 380, 407, Funkia lanceolata, 240, 340. Funkia lancifolia, 340, 407, 437, 450, 489. var. albo - marginata (F. albo- marginata). ' undulata (F. undulata). Funkia liliiflora, 283, 380. Funkia liliiflora var. grandiflora, 380, 419. Funkia macrantha, 283, 380. Funkia ovata, 240, 340, 489. var. marginata. Funkia Sieboldiana, 240, 340, 489. Funkia Sieboldii, 240, 340. Funkia Sinensis, 240, 340. Funkia subcordata, 283, 380, 489. Funkia subcordata var. grandiflora, 380, 419, 450, 489. Gaillardia, Great-flowered. See Gail- lardia aristata. Gaillardia aristata, 263, 354, 414, 440, 450, 489. var. grandiflora. Gaillardia grandiflora, 263, 354, 414, Gaillardia picta var. Lorenziana, 490. Galanthus Caucasicus, 15, 77. Galanthus Elwesii, 3, 15, 450; illus. 5. Galanthus nivalis, 3, 15, 450, 491; illus. 2. Galanthus plicatus, 3, 15, 77, 451; illus. 5. Galanthus Redoutei, zs, 77. Galax, 283. French, 232. Galax aphylla, 283. Galega officinalis, 240, 340, 407. Galega officinalis var. alba, 178, 284. Galega orientalis, 348. Galega Persica, 178, 284. Galium boreale, 178, 284. Galium Mollugo, 178, 284, 380. Galium septentrionale, 178, 284. Galium Sylvaticum, 284, 380. Galium verum, 198, 299, 385. Galtonia candicans, 284, 380, 451. Gardener's Garters, 474. Garland Flower, 39-40, 121, 449: illus. 1 20. Garlic, Golden, 24, 96, 446. Gas Plant, 174, 282, 450. Red, 227, 330, 450. Gaultheria procumbens, 284, 380. Gay Feather, 341, 408, 437. Gay Wings, 125, 231. INDEX Genista tinctoria, 198, 299. var. plena. Gentian, Alpine, 146, 254. Barrel, 412, 439. Blind, 412, 439. Closed Bottle, 412, 439. Fringed, 439- Soapwort, 412, 439. Stemless, 146, 254. Vernal, 51, 146, 254. White, 380. Willow, 351, 412, 439- Yellow, 299, 385. Gentiana acaulis, 146, 254. Gentiana alba, 380. Gentiana alpina, 146, 254. Gentiana Andrewsii, 412, 439. Gentiana asclepiadea, 351, 412, 439. Gentiana Catesbcei, 412, 439- Gentiana crinita, 439; illus. 441. Genitana lutea, 299, 385. Gentiana Pneumonanthe, 412, 439. Gentiana Saponaria, 412, 439- Gentiana verna, 51, 146, 254. Gentianella, 146. 254. Gentian-leaved Speedwell, 55, 15 4, 456; illus. 152. White, 23, 95. Geranium, Wild, 132, 241; illus. 133. Geranium Armenum, 228, 331. Geranium Backhousianum, 228, 331. Geranium Balkanum, 240. Geranium collinum, 241, 340. Geranium Endressi, 122, 228. Geranium Ibericum, 254, 351, 412. var. platypetalum (G. platypeta- lum). Geranium Londessi, 241, 340. Geranium maculatum, 132, 241, 489, 491; illus. 133. var. plenum. Geranium phaeum, 254, 351. Geranium pratense, 257, 351, 412. var. flore-pleno. Geranium sanguineum, 115, 213, 322, 45 1, 489, 490- Geranium sanguineum var. album, 77, 178, 284. Geranium sanguineum var. Lancas- triense, 228, 331. Geranium Wallichianum, 241, 340, 407. German Catchfly, 125, 229. Brilliant, 217. Germander, American, 334, 403. Wall, 345, 4io. Geum atrosanguineum, 489. Geum atrosanguineum var. flore-pleno, 213, 322. Geum Chiloense, 213, 322, 395. var. grandiflorum. Geum Chiloense var. miniatum, 113, 210. Geum ciliatum, 115, 213. Geum coccineum, 213, 322, 395. Geum miniatum, 113, 210. Geum montanum, 101, 198. Geum Pyrenaicum, 101, 198. Geum rivale, 113, 210. Geum rivale var. album, 77, 178. Geum trinorum, 115, 213. Gilia tricolor, 490. Gillenia stipulacea, 178, 284. Gillenia trifoliata, 178, 284. Ginger, Wild, 264, 357. Gladiolus, 365-366, 369, 380, 386. 395, 398, 414, 4iS, 419, 422, 428, 432, 440, 445, 451; illus. 3lsi 369-. var. America. Cardinal. Deborah. Gov. McConnick. Harlequin. Irene. Chills Gladiolus, Childsi (cont'd)— var. Little Blush. Lydia. Mrs. R. A. Goldsmith. Nezinscott. Saratoga. Siboney. Splendor. Gandavensis, 369. var. Ajax. Augusta. Canary Bird. Chaumont. Contrast. Eugene Scribe. Octoroon. Sunshine. Hybrids, 366, 369. var. Agatha. Angele. Apollon. Baucis. Brenchleyensis. Calypso. Ceres. Cre"puscule. Eldorado. Fatima, Flamboyant. Grandesse. La France. Leviathan. Madame Monneret. May. Mr. Jansen. Neron. Ophir. Pepita. Phoebus. Pyramide. Schiller. Snow-white. Surprise. Titania. Van Dael. Gland Bellflower, 234, 337, 345, 403. Potannini's, 346, 411. Potannini's White, 274, 375. Glaucum Fischeri, 317. Globe Daisy, 257, 351, 413. Hair- flowered, 146, 257, 351. Globe Flower, Japanese, 109, 210. Mountain, 109, 209, 456. Orange, 35. 106, 456; illus. 34. Globe Thistle, Lofty, 347, 412. Ritro, 348, 412, 450; illus. 349. Round-headed, 348, 412. Globularia trichosantha, 146, 257, 35i. Globularia vulgaris, 257, 351, 413. Glory of the Snow, 7, 51, 146, 448. Allen's, 4, 51, 145. Giant, 7, 51, 146. Sardian, 7, 51, 146. Tmolus', 7, 51, 146. White, 3, 12, 75. Gnaphalium dioicum, 222. Gnaphalium Leontopodium, 200, 304. Goat's Beard, 190, 292, 455, 471. Chinese, False. Golden Club, 464- Golden Drop, Taurian, 306, 389. Golden Glow, 309, 390, 455. Goldenrod, 313, 392. Goldentuft, 24, 96. Compact, 24, 96. Gold Flower, 303,388,451; illus. 302. Goldilocks, 389. Gold Joint, 196, 296. Goodyera pubescens, 285, 380. Goutweed, Variegated, 472. Grape Hyacinth, Common, 52, 150, 453; illus. 53. Commoij White, 10, 81, 453. Dark Purple, 52, 150. 5<>3 , 329, 397, 447. See False G. Grape Hyacinth, Starch, 52, 150. Tufted, 52, 150. Grass, Aizoon-like Whitlow, 100, 197. Alpine Whitlow, 27, 100. Bear, 194, 293. Blue Fescue, 474. Common, 122, 224; illus. 225. Deer, 470. Evergreen Whitlow, 27, 100. Feather, 475. Gama, 476. Golden, 16. Japanese Star, 337, 403. Large-flowered Blue-eyed, 140, 246. Olympian Whitlow, 197. Plume, 474. Ravenna, 474. Ribbon, 474. Scotch, 122, 224. Sea Lyme, 474. Sesame, 476. Silk, 194, 293. Variegated Hair, 472. Variegated Oat, 472. Variegated Orchard, 473. Wool, 474. Worm, 222, 326, 397. Yellow Star, 102, 199. Grasswort, Starry, 75. Greenweed, Dyer's, 198, 299. Gregoria Vitahana, 100, 197. Grindelia squarrosa, 198, 299, 386. Ground Pink, 63, 160. Nelson's, 19, 86. White, 19, 86. Ground Pink The Bride, 19, 86, 454. Groundsel, Dorian, 313, 392. Japanese, 471. Pretty, 344, 409. Guinea-hen Flower, 59, 156, 450; illus. 58. White, 15, 77, 450; illus. 14. Gum-plant, Broad-leaved, 198, 298, 386. Gypsophila acutifolia, 285, 380. Gypsophila cerastioides, 285. Gypsophila elegans, 178, 285. Gypsophila glauca, 178, 285. Gypsophila paniculata, 285, 380, 451. var. flore-pleno. Gypsophila prostrata, 228, 331. Gypsophila repens, 228, 331, 490. Gypsophila Steveni, 178, 285. Habenaria Fimbriata, 466. Habenaria grandiflora, 466. Habenaria psycodes, 466. Hairbell, Brittle, 338. Carpathian, 237, 338, 404, 447: illus. 235. English, 238, 339, 404, 448. Gargario, 128, 237, 338, 404. Hairy Gargano, 346. Tufted, 145, 253, 346. Wall, 131, 238. White Carpathian, 171, 277, 376. Harrow. See Rest-Harrow. Hartmannia speciosa, 382, 420. Harvest Bells, 412, 439. Hawkweed, Narrow-leaved, 388. Orange, 211, 318, 393. Shaggy, 199, 303, 388. Hawthorn, Water, 458. Hay Plant, 75, 168. Hazelwort, 128, 234. Heartsease, 68, 164, 273, 372, 415, 445- Heath, 329, 398. Black-berried, 131. Flesh-colored, 56, 156. Heather, 329, 398. Hedera Helix, 481. Hedge Bedstraw, Great, 178, 284. 380. White, 178, 284, 380. INDEX Hedysarum coronarium, 213, 322. var. album. Hedysarum multijugum, 228, 331, 401 Hedysarum onobrychis, 230, 332. Helenium autumnale, 386, 422, 451. Helenium autumnale var. grandiflo- rum, 386, 422, 451. Helenium autumnale var. pumilum, 386, 422, 451- Helenium autumnale var. striatum, 393- Helenium autumnale var. superbum, 386, 422, 451. Helenium Bigelovii, 300, 386. Helenium Bolanderi, 198, 300, 386. Helenium grandiflorum, 386, 422. Helenium grandiflorum var. superbum, 386, 422. Helenium Hoopesii, 102, 199, 451- Helenium nudiflorum, 300, 386, 422. Helenium nudiflorum var. grandiceph- alum striatum, 393, 451. Helianthemum umbellatum, 178, 285. Helianthemum vulgare, 199, 489, 499. Helianthemum vulgare var. hyssopi- folium, 210, 317. Helianthemum vulgare var. mutabile, 228, 331. Helianthemum umbellatum, 178. Helianthus angustifolius, 386, 422. Helianthus cucumerifolius var. Stella, 490. Helianthus decapetalus, 386-387, 422. var. multiflorus (H. multiflorus). " multiflorus var. maximus. " Soleil d'Or. Helianthus giganteus, 422; illus. 423. Helianthus giganteus var. crinitus, 425. Helianthus laetiflorus, 387, 422. Helianthus laevigatus, 387, 425. Helianthus Maximiliani, 425. Helianthus Missouriensis, 300, 387. Helianthus mollis, 300, 387, 451, 491; illus. 301. Helianthus orgyalis, 425, 491; illus. 424. Helianthus rigidus, 300, 387, 491. Helianthus rigidus var. "Miss Mel- lish," 387, 425, 45i. Helianthus strumosus, 300, 387, 425. var. mollis (H. macrophyllus). Helianthus tomentosus, 387, 425. Helianthus trachelifolius, 300, 387, 425. Helianthus tuberosus, 425. Helichrysum bracteatum and vars., 490. Heliopsis helianthoides , 300, 387, 425. Heliopsis laevis, 300, 387, 425. Heliopsis laevis var. Pitcheriana, 303, Heliopsis Pitcheriana, 303, 387, 4*5. Heliotrope, Garden, 233. Helipterum roseum, 490. Helonias bullata, 47. Hellebore, Black, 223. Dark- red Eastern, 4, 47. Eastern, Frau Irene Heinemann, 8, 56. Olympic, 3, 15. Purplish-green, 8, 56. Helleborus niger, 3, 15; illus. 6. Helleborus niger var. altifolius, 3, 15. Helleborus niger var. major, 3, 15. Helleborus niger var. maximus, 3, 15. Helleborus orientalis var. atrorubens, var.' F. C. Heinemann. ' Gretchen Heinemann. Helleborus orientalis var. Colchicus, 4, Helleborus orientalis var. "Frau Irene Heinemann," 8, 56. Helleborus orientalis var. Olympicus, 3, 15. Helleborus viridis var. purpurascens, 8, 56. Helonias bullata, 47, 132. Hemerocallis aurantiaca, 317, 393. var. major. Hemerocallis disticha, 318, 393. Hemerocallis Dumortierii, 210, 317, 45i. Hemerocallis flava, 199, 303, 451; illus. 20 1. Hemerocallis fulva, 318, 393, 491; illus. 319. var. flore-pleno. ' Kwamso. ' variegata. Hemerocallis graminea, 303, 388. Hemerocallis graminifolia, 303, 388. Hemerocallis Middendorfii, 199, 303, 45i. Hemerocallis minor, 303, 388. Hemerocallis rutilans, 210, 317. Hemerocallis Sieboldii, 210, 317. Hemerocallis Thunbergii, 199, 303, 45i. Hens-and-Chickens, 310, 391. Hepatica, Five-lobed, 51, 149. Hepatica acutiloba, 51, 146, 489. Hepatica angulosa, 51, 149. Hepatica Hepatica, 51, 149. Hepatica triloba, 51, 149, 489. Hepatica triloba var. acuta, 51, 146. Heracleum giganteum, 474. Heracleum giganteum, 491. Heracleum villosum, 474. Herb, St. George's, 233. Herb Christopher, 71, 167. Herb of Grace, 310. Herniaria glabra, 285, 380. Herniary, 285, 380. Heron's Bill, Glandular, 240, 339, 407. Manescaut's, 240, 339. Hesperis matronalis, 241, 340, 491. Hesperis matronalis var. alba plena, 179, 285. Heuchera, Downy, 132, 241. Heuchera alba, 179, 285, 380. 419. Heuchera caulescens, 179, 285, 381. Heuchera pubescens, 132, 241. Heuchera pulverulenta, 132, 241. Heuchera rubifolia, 132, 241. Heuchera sanguinea, 213-214, 323, 395, 428, 451, 489, 490; illus. 433. var. Americana. ' splendens. Heuchera sanguinea var. alba, 179, 285, 380, 419. Heuchera villosa, 179, 285, 381. Hibiscus Calif ornicus, 419. Hibiscus incanus, 388, 425. Hibiscus militaris, 401, 432. Hibiscus Moscheutos, 401, 432. Hibiscus Moscheutos var. albus, 381, 419. Hisbiscus Moscheutos var. "Crimson . Eye," 381, 419- Hibiscus palustns, 401, 432. Hibiscus palustris tar. albus, 381, 419. Hibiscus virginicus, 401, 432. Hieracium aurantiacum, 211,318, 393. Hieracium umbellatum, 388. Hieracium villosum, 199, 303, 388. Holly. See Sea Holly. Hollyhock, 357, 415, 446; illus. 356. Holy Clover, 230. Honeysuckle, Chinese, 482. French, 213, 322. Hall's Japanese, 483. Italian, 482. Japanese, 482. Many-paired French, 228, 331, 401. Sullivant's, 483. Trumpet, 483, 485. Honey Sweet, 190, 292. Hop, Common, 481. Horminum pyrenaicum, 241. 504 Horned Rampion, Bellflowered, 343, 409. Micheli's, 261, 352. Horned Violet, 48, ; 41, 249, 345, 410, 438, 456. White, 23, 95, 194, 293, 384, 421, Yellow 35, no, 210, 317, 392, 457. Horse-tail, Common, 466. Horseweed, 177, 283, 379. Hotem barbata, 168, 277. Hoteia Japonica, 168, 277. Houseleek, 221, 310, 326, 391. Atlantic, 221, 326. Auvergne, 232, 334. Cobweb, 326. Common Runnered, 221. Hairy, 310, 391. Heuffel's, 391. Mountain, 221. Purple-tipped, 232. Spider-web, 326. Verloti's, 334. Houstonia, Large, 132, 241. Houstonia caerulea, 149, 257; illus. 147* Houstonia purpurea, 132, 241. Hummingbird's Trumpet, 397, 431. Humulus Lupulus, 481. Hungarian Speedwell, 155, 263, 457. Broad-leaved, 263, 354. Hutchinsia alpina, 77, 179. Hyacinth, Amethyst, 149, 257. Cape, 284, 380, 451. Dutch, 59-6o, 63, 77, 102, 113, 115. 122, 732, 149, 156, 451; illus. 61. Fair- haired, 52, 150. Feathered, 52, 150, 453. Giant Summer, 284, 380, 451. Grape. See Grape H. Star, 7, 55, 154. Starry, 333, 402, 432. Tasseled, 52, 150. Wild, 145. Wood. See Wood H. Hyacinth Squill, 413, 455. Blue, 414, 455. Pink, 402, 455- White, 383, 455- Hyacinthus amethystinus, 149, 257. Hyacinthus botryoides, 52, 150. Hyacinthus candicans, 284, 380. Hyacinthus comosus, 52, 150. Hyacinthus orientalis, 59-60, 63, 77, 102, 113, 115, 122, 132, 149, 156, 451; illus. 61. var. Alba Maxima. ' Alba Superbissima. ' Argus. ' Baron van Thuyll. Baroness van Thuyll. Bird of Paradise. Bloksberg. Bouquet d'Orange. Bouquet Royal. Charles Dickens. Cosmos. Czar Nicholas. Czar Peter. Fabrola. Garrick. General Havelock. Gertrude. Gigantea. Goethe. Grand Lilas. Grand Vainqueur. Grootvorstin. Ida. Jenny Lind. King of theJBlacks. King of the Blues. King of the Yellows. " Kohinoor. " Lady Plimsoll. INDEX Hyacinthus orientalis (cont'd) — var. La Grandesse. ' L' Innocence. 1 L'Or d'Australie. 1 Lord Derby. ' Lord Macaulay. ' Lord Raglan. ' Lord Wellington. Madame van der Hoop. 1 Minerva. ' Miss Nightingale. Mont Blanc. Mr. Stanley. Norma. Obelesque. Ophir d'Or. Paix de 1' Europe. Prince of Waterloo. 1 Princess Louise. * Queen of the Blues. ' Queen of the Netherlands. 1 Robert Steiger. 1 Roi des Beiges. ' Sir Bulwer-Lytton. ' Sir J. Lawrence. ' Snowball. ' Sunflower. " Van Spuyk. " Von Schiller. Yellow Hammer. Hyacinthus racemosus, 52, 150. Hybrid Cinquefoil, 208, 231, 309, 333, 390. Double, 263, 354. Double vars., 221, 325, 397. Russell's, 221, 325. Hydrangea, Climbing, 484. Hydrastis Canadensis, 16, 78. Hydrophyllum appendiculatum, 132, 241. Hydrophyllum Canadense, 179, 286. Hydrophyllum Virginicum, 156, 267. Hypericum calycinum, 303, 388. Hypericum Kalmianum, 388, 451. Hypericum Moserianum, 303, 388, 451; illus. 302. Hypoxis erecta, 102, 199; illus. 103. Hypoxis hirsuta, 102, 199. Hyssop, 241, 340, 407. Hyssopus ofncmahs, 241, 340, 407. Iberis corifolia, 78, 179. Iberis Garrexiana, 78, 179. Iberis Gibraltarica, 135, 241. Iberis jucunda, 234. Iberis saxatilis, 78, 179. Iberis saxatilis var. corifolia, 78, 179. Iberis sempervirens, 78, 179, 451, 489, 490. var. foliis variegatis. 4 pleno. Iberis Tenoreana, 78, 179, 451. Iberis umbellata, 490. Iceland Poppy, 33, ix>2, 207, 390, 454. Orange, 36, 113, an, 394. Small, 36, 114, 211, 394, 428. White, 19, 86, 184, 382, 420, 454. Incarvillea Delavayi, 229, 331. Indian Cup, 313, 392. Indian Paint, 113. Indian Physic, 178, 284. Indigo, Blue False, 145, 253. Blue Wild, 145, 253, 447; illus. 144. Large White Wild, 171, 277. Innocence, 149, 257; illus. 147. Inula, Glandular, 304, 388. Inula ensifolia, 303, 388, 489. Inula glandulosa, 304, 388. Inula grandiflora, 199. Inula Helenium, 304, 388. Ipecac, American, 178. Ipomoea pandurata, 482. Ipomoea purpurea, 490. Iris, Brown-flowered, 155, 263. Dwarf. See Dwarf I. Eastern Siberian, 257, 351, 452. Iris, English, 242, 340, 452. German, 135, 156, 159, 242, 267, 451; illus. 157, 243. Japanese, 267-268, 369, 452, 458, 466, 469, 490; illus. 269, 368. Krelage's Netted, 4- Netted, 4. Spanish, 258, 452; illus. 256. Spurious, 149, 257. Iris acuta, 136, 242. Iris Anglica, 242, 340. Iris aphylla var. plicata, 135, 242. Iris Asiatica, 135, 242. Iris biglumis, 257. Iris cristata, 135, 241, 451. Iris cuprea, 211. Iris ensata, 257. Iris Florentina, 78, 179, 451; illus. 79. Iris fragrans, 257. Iris fulva, 211. Iris Germanica, 135, 156, 159, 242, 267, 451, 490; illus. 157, 243. var. Albert Victor. Bronze Beauty. ' Darius. ' Due de Nemours. ' Gracchus. ' Hector. 1 Mme. Chereau. • " Mrs. H. Darwin. 1 Purple King. Victorine. Iris gigantea, 102, 199. Iris eracilis, 135, 242. Iris ncematophyila, 257, 351. Iris Hispanica, 258. Iris Junonia, 135, 242. Iris Kampferi, 267-268, 369, 458, 466. Iris laevigata, 267-268, 369, 452, 458, 466, 469, 490; illus. 269, 368. var. Geisho-in. " Kagarabi. Kaku yako-ro Shippo. Kigan-no-misao. Kumo-no-isho. Kyodai-san. Mana-dsuru. Oyo-do. Samidare. Tora-odori. Iris Missouriensis, 149, 257. Iris neglecta, 149, 257, 452. Iris ochroleuca, 102, i99. Iris orientalis, 102, 199. Iris oxypetala, 257. Iris pallida, 135, 242, 452. Iris plicata, 135, 242, 452. Iris prismatica, 135, 242. Iris Pseudacorus, 102, 199, 469. Iris Pseudacorus, 102, 199. Iris pumila, 135; illus. 134. var. atroviolacea. Iris pumila var. alba, 78. Iris pumila var. azurea, 149. Iris reticulata, 4. Iris reticulata var. Krelagei, 4; illus. 9- Iris sambucina, 155. Iris sanguinea, 257, 351. Iris Sibirica, 136, 242, 452; illus. 244. Iris Sibirica var. alba, 81, 179, 452. Iris Sibirica var. hcematophylla, 257, 3Si. Iris Sibirica var. orientalis, 257, 351, Iris Sibirica var. sanguinea, 257, 351. Iris sicula, 135, 242. Iris spectabilis, 258. Iris spuria, 149, 257. var. notha. Iris squalens, 155, 263. Iris Tolmieana, 149, 257. Iris verna, 47, 136. Iris versicolor, 136, 242, 458, 469; illus. 134. 5°5 Iris Virginica, 135, 242. Iris xiphioides, 242, 340, 452. var. Mont Blanc. Iris Xiphium, 258, 452; illus. 256. Iron weed, Great, 438. Ivy, Boston, 479. English, 481. Japanese, 479. Kenilworth, 242, 341, 409. Ixifi Chinensis, 317, 392. Ixia punctata, 317. Jacinth, Spanish, 160, 273. White Spanish, 90, 189. Jackman's Clematis, 480. White, 480. Jacob's Ladder, American, 139, 245, 454; illus. 138. Dwarf, 261, 352, 455. White, 89, 187. Japanese Primrose, 139, 246, 343, 455; illus. 247. White, 187, 290. Jasione perennis, 351, 413. Jeffersonia binata, 81. Jeffersonia diphylla, 81. Jerusalem Sage, 207, 214, 306,324. Tuberous, 230, 332. Joe-pye, 466. Jonquil, 31, 102; illus. 30. Jupiter's Beard, 212, 322. White, 172, 278. Jupiter's Distaff, 310, 391. Jupiter's Flower, 229, 331. King's Spear, 195, 295. Knapweed, Dark Purple, 212, 332, 394. Mountain, 239, 339, 407. Russian, 296. Showy, 295, 385. White, 75, 172. Whitened, 223, 329, 398. Kniphona aloides, 428; illus. 429. var. glaucescens. 4 grandiflora. 4 nobilis (Tritoma nobilis'). Kniphona corallina, 431. Kniphofia Pfitzerii, 393, 452. Kniphona Tuckii, 200, 304, 388. Kniphofia Uvaria, 428. Kno tweed, Japan, 383, 421. Wh9rtleberry-leaved, 390. Kuhnistera purpurea, 245, 343, 409, 437. Lacinaria cylindracea, 408. Lacinaria elegans, .341, 408. Lacinaria graminifolia, 341, 408, 437. Lacinaria spicata, 341, 408, 437. Lacinaria squarrosa, 408, 437. Lady's Mantle, Mountain, u, 71. Lady's Slipper, False, 177, 283. Large Yellow, 99, 196, 449; illus. 97, 98. Mountain, 76, 173. Ram's Head, 131, 239, 339. Showy, 174, 449- Small White, 76, 173. Small Yellow, 99, 196. Stemless, 121, 224. Lady's Smock, 223. , 81, 179, 491 Lamium album. 179. 286, 489, Lamium maculatum, 136, 242, 340. Lamium maculatum var. album, 8x, 179, 286. Lamium purpureum, 136, 242, 340. Lamp Flower, Champion, 217. Larkspur, Bee, 253, 347, 4«, 449- Carolina, 347. Caucasian, 253, 347. Chinese, 267, 365, 449. Dwarf Red, 114, 212. Great- flowered, 347, 411, 449. Hybrid, 254, 347, 449; illus. 255. INDEX Larkspur, Kashmir, 239. 339- Maack's, 347. Musk, 253. 347- Northern Scarlet, 114, 212. Oriental, 253-254, 347, 4491 i11"3- 252. Southern Scarlet, 322, 395. Trollius-leaved, 55. White Carolina, 282. White Large- flowered, 282, 379. 449. Zalil's, 196, 299. Lathyrus grandiflorus, 482. Lathyrus latifolius, 482, 489. var. splendens. Lathyrus latifolius var. albus, 482. Lathyrus niger, 242, 341. Lathyrus odoratus, 490. Lathyrus venosus, 482. Lathyrus vernus, 47, 136, 452, 490. Lathyrus vernus var. albus, 16, 81, Laurel, Ground, 40, 122. Lavandula Spica, 408, 437- Lavandula vera, 341, 408. Lavender, Common, 408, 43J. Sea. See Sea L. True, 341, 408. er Cott nt, 346, . Leadwort, Blue-flowered, 411, 439. Lavender Lead Plant, tton, 475- 411. Leather Flower, Red, 481. Lemon, Wild, 86. Leontopodium alpinum, 200, 304. Leopard's Bane, Austrian, 99, 197. Caucasian, 99, 197. Clusius's, 100, 197. Cray-fish, 100, 197. Plantain-leaved, 100, 197. Tall Plantain-leaved, "Harpur Crewe," 100, 197. Lepachys binnata, 200, 304, 388. Leptandra Virginica, 384, 421. Leptopoda brachypoda, 300, 386, 422. Lespedeza bicolor, 408, 437. Lespedeza formosa, 437. Lespedeza Japonica, 420. Lespedeza racemosa, 437. Lespedeza Sieboldi, 437, 452. Lettuce, Indian, 187, 290. Leucocrinum montanum, 16. Leucojum aestivum, 16, 81; illus. 80. Leucojum autumnale, 420. Leucojum vernum, 16, 81; illus. 17. Lewisia rediviva, 268, 370. Liatris cylindracea, 408. Liatris elegans, 341, 408. Liatris graminifolia, 341, 408, 437. Liatris pycnostachya, 408, 437, 452. Liatris scariosa, 408, 437, 452. Liatris spicata, 341, 408, 437, 452. var. montana (L. pumila). Liatris squarrosa, 408. Ligularia Japonica, 471. Lilium auratum, 286, 381, 452; 21us. 287. Lilium Batemannia, 318, 393. Lilium Bloomerianunt, 200, 304. Lilium Browni, 354, 414, 452; illus. Lilium bulbiferum, 323, 395. Lilium Californicum, 200, 304, 323. Lilium Camtschatcense, 44, 132. Lilium Canadense, 268, 370, 452, 469, Lilium Canadense var. flavum, 200, 304; illus. 202. Lilium Canadense var. rubrum, 214, Lilium candidum, 180, 286, 452; illus. 181. Lilium Carolinianum, 395. Lilium Catesbaei, 323. Lilium Chalcedonicum, 323. Lilium Colchicum, 200, 304. Lilium Columbianum, 211, 318. Lilium concolor, 214, 323. Lilium cordifolium, 381, 420. Lilium Dahuricum, 214, 323. Lilium Dalmaticum, 268. Lilium elegans, 214, 323, 452; illus. 215. Lilium elegans var. "Alice Wilson," 304, 452. Lilium elegans var. alutaceum, 304, 452. Lilium elegans var. Armentacum, 304. Lilium elegans var. citrinum, 304. Lilium elegans var. fulgens, 318, 393, 452. Lilium elegans var. Wallacei, 318, 452. Lilium excelsum, 203, 305. Lilium fulgens , 318, 393. Lilium giganteum, 286, 381. Lilium Grayi, 211, 318. Lilium Hansoni, 211, 318, 490. Lilium Henryi, 393. Lilium Humboldtii, 200, 304. Lilium Isabellinum, 203, 305. Lilium Japonicum, 331, 401. var. roseum (L. Kramer f). Lilium Japonicum var. Brownii, 354, 414. Lilium lancifolium, 401, 432. Lilium longiflorum, 286, 381. var. eximium (L. Harrisii, L. ex- imium). Lilium maculatum, 211, 318, 452; illus. 216. Lilium Martagon, 268. Lilium monadelphum, 200, 304. Lilium pardalinum, 323, 452. Lilium Parryi, 200, 304, 452. Lilium parviflorum, 211, 318. Lilium Philadelphicum, 318, 393. Lilium pomponum, 214. Lilium puberulum, 200, 304. Lilium rubellum, 122, 229. Lilium rubrum, 214. Lilium sanguineum, 318, 393. Lilium Say*, 211, 318. Lilium speciosum, 401, 432, 453, 490. var. album (L. prcecox). Lilium speciosum var. Melpomene, 401, 432, 453. Lilium speciosum var. rubrum, 401, 432, 453; illus. 400. Lilium superbum, 321, 394, 453, 409, 491. Lflium superbum var. Carolinianum, Lilium Szovitzianum, 200, 304. Lilium tenuifolium, 214, 323, 453, 490. Lilium testaceum, 203, 305, 453. Lilium Thunbergianum, 214, 323. Lilium tigrinum, 321, 394, 453; illus. 320. var. flore-pleno. ' splendens. Lftium umbellatum, 214, 323. Lilium Wallacei, 318. Lilium Wallichianum, 286. Lflium Washingtonianum, 180. Lily, Asa Gray's, 211, 318. Black, 44. 132. Blackberry, 317, 392. Brown's, 354, 414, 452; illus. 355. Bulb-bearing, 323, 395. Canada. See Canada L. Carolina, 395. Caucasian, 200, 304. Common Trumpet, 286, 381. Day. See Day Lily. Dr. Henry's, 393. Giant, 286, 381. Gold-banded, 286, 381, 452; illus. 287. Golden Peruvian, 317, 392. Handsome Melpomene, 401, 432. Hanson's, 211, 318. Heart-leaved, 381, 420. Humboldt's, 200, 304. Japan, 286, 381. Lily, Japanese, 331, t Star, 214, 323. ___ 401. Japanese Red ~ Japanese Toad, 435. Lemon, 199, 303, 451; illus. 201. Lent, 31, 102. Leopard, 317, 392. Madonna, 180, 286, 452; illus. 181 Mahogany, 318, 393. Martagon. See Martagon L. Nankeen, 203, 305, 453. Nevada, 180. Oregon, 211, 318. Panther, 323, 452. Parry's, 200, 304, 452. Philadelphia, 318, 393. Plantain. See Plantain L. Pond. See Pond L. Red. See Red L. Reddish, 122, 229. Sand (of Colorado), 16. Siberian Coral, 214, 323, 453. Spider. See Spider L. Snake's Head Checkered, 59, 156. Spotted, 211, 318, 401, 452, 453; illus. 216. St. Bernard's, 274, 375. St. Bruno's, 72, 167, 277. Sword, 365-366, 369, 380, 386, 395, 414, 415, 419. 422, 428, 432, 440, 445, 451. Thunbergian. See Thunbergian L. Tiger, 321, 394, 4531 illus. 320. Torch, 428; illus. 429. Turban, 214. Turk's Cap. See Turk's Cap L. Wallich's, 286. Washington, 180. Water. See Water L. White Checkered, 15, 77. Wild Orange-red, 318, 393. Yellow. See Yellow L. Lily Alice Wilson, Thunbergian, 304. Lily-of-the- Valley, 75, 173, 449; illus. Limnanth'emum nymphoides, 458. Limodorum tuberosum, 223, 329. Linaria alpina, 354, 414. Linaria Cymbalaria, 242, 341, 409. Linaria Dalmatica, 203, 305, 389 489. Linaria Macedonica, 203, 305. Linaria yulgaris, 489. Lindefolia spectabilis, 341, 409. Ling, 329, 398. Linnsea borealis, 229, 331. Linosyris vulgaris, 389. Linum Austriacum, 258, 351, 413. Linum flavum, 203, 305. Linum perenne, 149, 258, 351, 4531 illus. 148. Linum perenne var. album, 81, 180, 286. Linum perenne var. Austriacum, 258. 351, 4i3. Lion's Heart, 333- Lithospermum canescens, 113. Lithospermum prostratum, 150, 258. Live- forever, 334, 403. Liver Leaf, Heart, 51, 146. Kidney, 51, 149. Round-lobed, 51, 149. Sharp-lobed, 51, 146. Lobelia, Great, 413, 44Q, 453. 469- Great White, 381, 420, 453. 469. Lobelia cardinalis, 396, 469; illus. 468. Lobelia cardinalis, 323, 396, 431. 453. Lobelia formosa, 323, 396. Lobelia fulgens, 323, 396. Lobelia syphilitica, 413, 44O, 453, 469. Lobelia syphilitica var. alba, 381, 420, 453. 469- Lonicera Caprifolium, 482. Lonicera ftava, 483- Lonicera flexuosa Halliana, 483. 506 INDEX Ixraicera Japonica, 482. var. aureo-reticulata (L. reticu- lata aurea, L. brachypoda re- ticulatd) . Lonicera Japonica var. Halliana, 483. Lonicera sempervirens, 483. Lonicera Sullivantii, 483. Loosestrife, Bulb-bearing, 203, 305. Common Yellow, 204, 305. Japanese, 180, 289, 453- Pink Spiked, 470. Purple, 470. Slender- branched Purple, 245, 341. Spiked, 470. Spotted, 203, 305; illus. 205. Wing-angled, 437. Lotus, American, 461. False, 461. Indian, 461. Magnolia, 461. Lotus corniculatus, 203, 305, 389. var. flore-pleno. Love Entangle, 106, 208. Lungwort, 153. Himalayan, 341, 409. Siberian, 150, 258. Lupine, Common Wild, 258, 351. Nootka, 150, 258, 351. Tall Blue- flowered Perennial, 242, White Many-leaved, 180, 286, 453; illus. 182. Lupinus grandiflorus , 242, 341. Lupinus grandiftorus var. albus, 180, 286. Lupinus hirsutus, 490. Lupinus Nootkatensis, 150, 258, 351. Lupinus perennis, 258, 351. Lupinus polyphyllus, 242, 341, 453. Lupinus polyphyllus var. albiflcrus, 180, 286, 453; illus. 182. Lupinus polyphyllus var. albus, 180, 286; illus. 182. Lychnis, Shaggy, 217, 324, 396. Siebold's, 180, 289. Umbelled, 229, 331. Lychnis alba, 16, 81. Lychnis alba var. flore-pleno, 289, 381, 420. Lychnis alpina, 40, 122. Lychnis Chalcedonica, 214, 324, 453, 490. var. flore-pleno. Lychnis Chalcedonica var. alba, 180, 289, 381, 453; illus. 288. Lychnis Chalcedonica var. alba plena, 180, 289, 381, 453. Lychnis Coronaria, 268, 370, 489. Lychnis Coronaria var. alba, 180, 289. Lychnis Coronaria var. atrosanguinea, 217, 324. Lychnis coronata, 217. var. speciosa (L. speciosa, L. ful- gens var. speciosa). Lychnis coronata var. Sieboldii, 180, 289. Lychnis dioica, 115, 217. var. flore-pleno. Lychnis diurna, 115, 217. Lychnis Flos-cuculi, 229, 331. Lychnis Flos-cuculi var. plenissima, 122, 229. Lychnis Flos-Jovis, 229, 331. Lychnis fulgens var. Sieboldii, 180, 289. Lychnis Haageana, 217, 324, 396. Lychnis plenissima semperflorens, 122, Lychnis Sieboldii, 180, 289. Lychnis vespertina var. flore-pleno, 289, 381, 420. Lychnis Viscaria, 125, 229, 490. var. elegans. ' flore-pleno. Lychnis Viscaria var. splendens, 217, Lycium Chinense, 483. Lycium flaccidum, 483. Lycium halimiiolium, 483. Lycium vulgare, 483. Lycoris aurea, 389. Lycoris sanguinea, 324, 396. Lycoris squamigera, 324, 396. var. purpurea. Lygodium palmatum. 487. Lysimachia clethroides, 180, 289, 453. Lysimachia nummularia, 203, 305. var. aurea. Lysimachia punctata, 203, 305; illus. 205. Lysimachia stricta, 203, 305. Lysimachia terrestris, 203, 305. Lysimachia verticulata, 203, 305. Lysimachia vulgaris, 204, 305. Lythcum alatum, 437. Lythrum roseum superbum, 470. Lythrum salicaria, 470. Lythrum salicaria var. roseum super- bum, 470. Lythrum virgatum, 245, 341. Mace, Common Reed, 465. Macrotomia echioides, 24, 99. Madder, Wild, 178, 284, 380. Madwort, Austrian, 24, 96. Beaked, 194, 294, 384. Compact Rock, 24, 96, 446. Rock, 24, 96, 446; illus. 25. Silvery, 194, 294, 384. Magnolia Lotus, 461. Maidenhair Fern, 4-86. Maidenhair Spleen wort, 486. Mallow, Alcea, 229, 332, 401. Hoary Marsh, 388, 425. Musk, 332, 401, 432. Purple Poppy, 212, 321, 394. Rose. See Rose M. White Musk, 289, 381, 420. Maltese Cross, 214, 324, 453. Double White, 180, 289, 381, 453. Single White, 180, 289, 381, 453', illus. 288. Malva Alcea, 229, 332, 401, 491. Malva moschata, 332, 401, 432. Malva moschata var. alba, 289, 381, 420. Mandrake, Wild, 86. Man-of-the-Earth, 482. Marguerite, Golden, 96, 194. Marguerite, Golden, 96, 194, i95, 294, 384, 421. Marigold, Double Marsh, 24, 99, 458, 466. Marjoram, Pot, 230, 332. Wild, 230, 332. Martagon Lily, 268. Scarlet, 323. Masterwort, Christmas- Rose-leaved, 222. Great Black, 223. Matricaria grandiflora, 183, 289. Matricaria inodora var. ligulosa, 183, 289, 382. Matricaria inodora var. multiplex, 183, 289, 382. Matricaria inodora var. plenissima, 183, 289, 382. Matrimony Vine, 483. Matthiola incana, 490. Matthiola incana var. annua, 490. May Apple, 86, 187. Himalayan, 86. Mayflower, 40, 122. Meadow Beauty, 470. Meadow Queen, 190, 292. Meadow Saffron, 407, 436, 448. Handsome, 436, 448. Parkinson's Checkered, 414, 440. 'ng, 44, 447. Sprir Varie rariegated, 432. Meadow Sage, 262, 353, 455. Pink, 232, 333. White, 188, 291. 507 Meadow Sweet, Astilbe-like, 190, 292, Elegant Palmate-leaved, 233, 334. English, 190, 292. Kamtschatkan, 292. Palmate-leaved, 233, 334, 455, 47L White Palmate-leaved, 190, 292. Meconopsis Cambrica, 204, 305. Megapterium Missouriense, 204, 306, 389. Melissa officinalis, 183, 289, 382. var. variegata. Mentha Requieni, 342, 409. Mentha rotundifolia var. variegata, 183, 289. Mentha spicata, 342, 409. Mentha viridis, 342, 409. Mertensia pulmonaroides, 52, 150; illus. 50. Mertensia Sibirica, 150, 258. Mertensia Virginica, 52, 150. Michauxia campanuloides, 289. Mignonette, Pyrenean, 188, 290. Milfoil, Egyptian, 293, 384, 421. Red, 321,394, 428. Siberian, 274, 375, 416. Woolly-leaved, 96, 194, 293, 384, 421. Milk Vetch, Chinese, 195, 295. Galega-like, 195, 295. Yellow, 195, 295. Milkwort, Fringed, 123, 231. Milla uniflora, 140. Mimulus cardinalis, 217, 324, 396. Mimulus ringens, 470. Mint, Variegated Round-leaved, 183, 289. Mirabilis jalapa, 490. Miscanthus Sinensis, 470, 474. var. gracillimus (Eulalia gracil- lima univittata, Eulalia Ja- ponica gracillima). ' variegatus. ' zebrinus. Mist Flower, 439. Mitchella repens, 183; illus. 185. Mitrewort, 81. Moccasin Flower, Mountain, 76, 173. Molinia ccerulea var. variegata, 472. Monarda amplexicaulis , 229. Monarda Bradburiana, 229. Monarda didyma, 217, 324, 396, 431, 453- var. alba. Monarda fistulosa, 342. var. media (M. media, M. purpu- rea). Monarda fistulosa var. alba, 290. Moneywort, 203, 305. Monkey Flower, Scarlet, 217, 324, 396. Square- stemmed, 470. Monkshood, Autumn, 345, 410, 438. Pyrenean, 194, 293. True, 345, 4io, 438, 446. White, 274, 375, 4i6, 446. Wild, 233, 337, 403, 446; illus. 336. Montbretia crocosmce flora, 326, 392, 397, 431- .. Montbretia Pottsit, 321, 394, 428. Montbretia rosea, 326, 397. Moonflower, Perennial, 482. Moonwort, Blue, 140. Morina longifolia, 217, 324. Mosquito Plant, 281. | Moss, Flowering, 20, 89. Moss Campion, 246, 344. Moss Pink, 63, 160, 454. Dark Purple, 40, 125. Leafy, AO, 125. Lilac, 47, 139. Nelson's, 19, 86. White, 19, 86. Moss Pink The Bride, 19, 86, 454. Mother-of-Thousands, 242, 341, 409. Mountain Avens, 76, 177. Yellow-flowered, 101, 198. INDEX Mountain Bluet, 239, 339. 407, 448. Lemon-color, 99, 195, 295. Rosy, 121, 223, 329, 448. White, 75, 172. 278, 448. Mountain Daisy, Large White, 77, i?7. Lavender, 177. Mountain Fleece, 445. Mourning Widow, 254, 351. Mouse-ear Chickweed, Bieberstein's, 172, 281. Boissier's, 172. Cottony, 172. Large- flowered, 75, 172. Mullein, Dark, 210, 314. Long-leaved Italian, no, 210. Nettle-leaved, 210, 314. Olympian, 314, 456; illus. 315. Purple, 273, 372. Rosette, 139, 246. White Rosette, 89, 187. Mullein Pink, 268, 370. Deep Crimson, 217, 324. White, 1 80, 289. Muscari botryoides, 52, 150, 4531 illus. S3- Muscari botryoides var. album, 16, 81, 453- Muscari commutatum, 52, 150. Muscari comosum, 52, 150. Muscari comosum var. monstrosum, 52,150,453. Muscart plumosum, 52, 150. Muscari plumosum var. monstrosum, 52, 150. Muscari racemosum, 52, 150. Mustard, Mountain Hedge, 101, 198. Rock-loving Hedge, 101, 198. Myosotis alpestris, 153, 261; illus. 162. Myosotis dissitiflpra, 52, 150, 258. Myosotis palustris, 150, 258. Myosotis palustris var. semperflorens, 153. 258, 352, 413. 453, 47o; illus. 151. Myosotis sylvatica, 153. 258; illus. 259. Myosotis sylvatica var. alba, 81, 183. Myosotis sylvatica var. alpestris, 153, 261. Myrtle, Common Blue, 48, 141. Common Trailing, 48, 141. Double Pink, 43, 127. Herbaceous, 141, 249. Running. See Running M. Narcissus biflorus, 16, 82. Narcissus Bulbocodium, 28, 102. Narcissus Bulbocodium var. mono- phyllus, 19, 82. Narcissus Burbidgei, 19, 82. Narcissus incomparabilis, 28, 31, 102, Medium Trumpet, Single: var. Barrii Conspicuus. Incomparabilis cynosure. " Incomparabilis Sir Watkin (Giant Welsh Daffodil); illus. 29. ' Incomparabilis Stella; illus. 103. Leedsii; illus. 30. ' Leedsii Amabilis. ' Leedsii Duchess of Brabant. ' Nelsoni Major. Medium Trumpet, Double: var. Incomparabilis Orange Phoenix (Eggs and Bacon). ' Incomparabilis plenus (But- ter and Eggs). 4 Incomparabilis Silver Phoe- nix (Codlins and Cream). Narcissus Jonquilla, 31, 102; illus. 30. var. Campernelle. ' Rugulosus. Narcissus, Poet's, 82, 453, 491. Narcissus poeticus, 82, 453, 491; illus. 41, 79. var. poeticus grandiflorum. ' poeticus ornatus. ' poeticus poetarum. Narcissus Pseudo-Narcissus, 31-32, 102, 453; illus. 33. Large Trumpet, Single: var. Ard Righ. Emperor. 1 Empress. ' Golden Spur. ' Grandee Maximus. " Henry Irving. " Horsfieldii (King of the Daf- fodils). ' Johnstoni (Queen of Spain). ' Nanus. ' Obvallaris (Tenby Daffodil). Princeps. Rugilpbus. Scotticus. Spurius. Trumpet Major. Trumpet Maximus. Trumpet Minor. Large Trumpet, Double: var. Telemonius plenus. " Van Sion ("Old Double Yel- low Daffodil"). Narcissus princeps, 491. Narcissus Pseudo-Narcissus var. mos- chatus, 82; illus. 83. Nelumbium luteum, 461. Nelumbium speciosum, 461 ; illus. 460. var. kermesina. ' rosea. ' rosea plena. Nelumbium speciosum var. album, 461. var. alba striata. Nelumbo, American, 461. Nelumbo Indica, 461. Nelumbo lutea, 461. Nelumbo nucifera, 461. Nelumbo nucifera var. alba, 461. Nepeta longifolia, 342, 409. Nepeta Macrantha, 261, 352, 413. Nepeta Mussini, 342, 409. Nerine aurea, 389. Nettle, Pyrenean Dead, 241. Red Hedge, 326. Variegated, 136, 242, 340. White Variegated, 81, 179, 286. Nightshade, Torrey's, 344, 409. Nigricans Canna, 473. Northoscordum aureum, 36, 113. Nuphar advena, 461. Nuphar Kalmianum, 461. Nuphar luteum, 461. Nymphcea advena, 461. Nymphaea alba, 461. Nymphaea alba var. candidissima, 462. Nymphaea Andreana, 462. Nymphaea Arethusa, 462. Nymphaea Aurora, 462. Nymphcea candidissima, 462. Nymphaea Ellisiana, 462. Nymphaea flava, 462. Nymphaea fulva, 462. Nymphaea Gladstoniana, 462. Nymphcea Kalmiana, 461. Nymphaea Laydekeri, 462. var. fulgens. ' liliacea. 1 purpurata. ' rosea. Nymphaea Marliacea var. albida, 463. Nymphaea Marliacea var. carnea, 463. Nymphaea Marliacea var. chromatella, 463. Nymphaea Marliacea var. flammea, 463. Nymphaea Marliacea var. ignea, 463. Nymphaea Marliacea var. rosea, 463, Nymphaea odorata, 463. var. Caroliniana. ' exquisita. ' Luciana. 1 sulphurea. ' sulphurea grandiflora. Nymphaea odorata var. rosea, 464. Nymphcea odorata var. rubra, 464. Nymphcea pygmcea, 464. Nymphcea reniformis, 464. Nymphaea Robinsoni, 464. Nymphcea Robinsoniana, 464. Nymphasa Seignoreti, 464. Nymphaea tetragona, 464. Nymphaea tetragona var. Helvola, 464. Nymphaea tuberosa, 464. Nymphcea tuberosa var. flavescens, 463. Nymphaea tuberosa var. Richardsonii, 464. Nymphaea tuberosa var. rosea, 464. Oakesia sessilifolia, 102, 204. Oats, Water, 465. Wild, 1 10. Obedient Plant, 333. CEnothera acaulis, 82, 183, 290. CEnothera biennis var. grandiflora, 204, 305, 389. CEnothera caespitosa, 82, 183. CEnothera eximea, 82, 183. CEnothera Fraseri, 204, 305, 389. CEnothera fruticosa, 204, 305, 453, 490; illus. 206. var. major. Youngii. CEnothera fruticosa var. linearis, 204, 305, 389. CEnothera glauca var. Fraseri, 204, , 305, 389, 453- CEnothera Lamarckiana, 204, 305, 389. CEnothera linearis, 204, 305, 389. CEnothera macrocarpa, 204, 306, 389. CEnothera marginata, 82, 183. CEnothera Missouriensis, 204, 306, 389, 454. CEnothera npana, 204, 305, 389. CEnothera rosea, 229, 332. CEnothera speciosa, 382, 420. CEnothera Taraxacifolia, 82, 183, 290. Old Man, 246, 343, 472. Old-Man-and- Woman, 221, 326. Old Woman, 473. Omphalodes verna, 55, 153. Omphalodes verna var. alba, 19, 8$. Omphalodes verna var. plena-alba, IQ. Onion, Nodding Wild, 329. Wild, ii, 71. Onionwort, Azure, 250, 346. Broad- stemmed, 127, 234. Onobrychis sativa, 230, 332. Onobrychis vicice folia, 230, 332. Onoclea sensibilis, 487. Onoclea Struthiopteris, 487. Ononis arvensis var. alba, 290,382. Ononis arvensis var. spinosus, 230, 332. Ononis rotundifolia, 324. Ononis spinosa var. alba, 200, 382. Ononis spinosus, 230, 332. Onopordon Acanthium, 342, 409, 491. Onosma stellulatum var. Tauricum, 306, 389. Onosma Tauricum, 306, 389. Ophiopogon Jaberan, 342, 409. var. variegatus. Opuntia, Many-spined, 306, 389. Opuntia ferox, 306, 389. Opuntia mesacantha, 306, 389. Opuntia Missouriensis, 306, 389, 489. Opuntia Opuntia, 207, 306, 390. Opuntia Rafinesquti, 306, 389, 489. Opuntia splendens, 306, 389. Opuntia vulgaris, 207, 306, 309. 508 INDEX Grange Root, 16, 78. Orchis, Grass Pink, 223, 329. Large Purple- fringed, 466. Smaller Purple- fringed, 466. Swamp. See Swamp-orchis. Orchis psycodes, 466. Oriental Poppy, 218, 324, 454; illus. 219. Oriental Poppy Blush Queen, 230, Oriental Poppy Silver Queen, 184, 290, 454. Origanum vulgare, 230, 332. Ornithogalum nutans, 19, 85; illus. 17. Ornithogalum umbellatum, 85, 183; illus. 84. Orobus lathyroides , 263, 489. Orobus niger, 242, 341. Orobus vernus, 47, 136, 489. Orobus vernus var. albus, 16, 81. Orontium aquaticum, 464. Orpine, 334, 403. American, 189. Crested Stone, 310, 391. Stone, 310, 391. Orris Root, 78, 179. Osmunda cinnamomea, 487. Osmunda Claytoniana, 487. Osmunda regalis, 470, 487. Ostrowskia magnifica, 342, 409. Oswego Tea, 217, 324, 396, 431, 453- Ourisia, Scarlet, 218, 324. Ourisia coccinea, 218, 324. Ox Eye, 23, 96, 300, 387, 425. Showiest, 195, 295. Showy, 195, 295. Pitcher's, 303, 387, 425. Willow-leaved, 195, 295. Oxlip, 105. Pachysandra, Japanese Evergreen, 85, 184. Pachysandra procumbens, 85, 183. Pachysandra terminalis, 85, 184, 489. var. variegata. Paeonia, 268, 271-272, 454; illus. 270. var. Alexander Dumas. Beranger. Crystal. Diana. Duchesse de Nemours. Duke of Wellington. Edouard Andre". Edward Crousse. Festiva alba. Festiva maxima. General Jacqueminot. Golden Harvest. Humea alba. Jennie Lind. Marguerite Gerard. Marie Lemoine. Marie Stuart. Neptune. Ophir. Queen Victoria. Richardson's Dorchester. Richardson's Rubra superba. Solfaterre. Souvenir d* Exposition Uni- verselle. Topaz. Vesta. Paeon a albiflora, 85, 184, 454, 490. Paeon a albiflora vars., 159, 272, 454. Paeon a anomala, 115. var. insignis. intermedia. Pcson a arborea, 159, 272. Pceonia arborea var. papaveracea, 85. Pceonia arborea var. vittata, 85, 184. Paeonia arietina, 115. Pceonia Cretica, 115. Paeonia daurica, 125. Pceonia edulis, 85, 159, 184. Pceonia fulgida, 159, 218. Paeonia microcarpa, 116. Paeonia Moutan, 159, 272; illus. 158. Paeonia Moutan var. papaveracea, 85, 184. Paeonia Moutan var. rosea superba, 125, 230. Paeonia Moutan var. rubra- plena, 125, 230. Paeonia Moutan var. vittata, 85, 184. Pceonia Moutan "Reine Elizabeth," 125, 230. Pceonia Moutan "Triomphe de Grand," 125, 230. Paeonia officinalis, 116, 218, 454, 490. var. anemonaeflora. ' rosea-plena. 1 rubra-plena. Paeonia officinalis var. alba plena, 86, 184, 218. Paeonia officinalis vars., 159, 218. Paeonia paradoxa, 116. var. nmbriata. Paeonia peregrina, 116. Paeonia peregrina vars., 159. Paeonia tenuifolia, 116, 218. var. flore-pleno. Paeonia triternata, 125. Pansy, 68, 164, 273, 372, 415, 445, Bedding. See Bedding P. Papaver alpinum, 86, 184, 454, 490; illus. 87. var. album. Papaver arborea var. papaveracea, 8s, 184. Papaver Atlanticum, 114, 211, 321. Papaver bracteatum, 116, 218. Papaver nudicaule, 35, 102, 207, 390, 454, 489, 490; illus. 206. Papaver nudicaule var. album, 19, 86, 184, 382, 420, 454. Papaver nudicaule var. aurantiacum, 36, 113, 211, 394. Papaver nudicaule var. miniatum, 36, 114, 211, 394, 428. Papaver orientale, 218, 324, 454, 490; illus. 219. var. Parkmanni. ' Royal Scarlet. Papaver orientate var. bracteatum, 116, 218. Papaver orientale "Blush Queen," 230, 332, 454- Papaver orientale "Silver Queen," 184, 290, 454. Papaver pilosum, 114, 211. Papaver Rhceas, 490. Papaver rupifragum, 117, 218, 324. Papaver rupifragum var. Atlanticum, 114, 211, 321. Papaver somniferum, 490. Paradisea Liliastrum, 72, 167, 277. Pardanthus Chinensis, 317, 392. Pardanthus Sinensis, 317, 392. Parsley, Giant, 474- Parsnip, Early Meadow, 36, 113. Giant Cow, 474. Golden Meadow, 36, 113. Parthenium integnfolium, 184, 290, 382. Partridge Berry, 183. Pasque Flower, 43, 127. American, 43, 127. Patens, Wild, 43, 127. Patrinia, Downy, 86, 184. Scabious-leaved, 105, 207. Patrinia scabiosaefolia, 105, 207. Patrinia villosa, 86, 184. Pea, Everlasting, 482. Perennial, 482. Two-flowered Everlasting, 482. White Perennial, 482. Peach Bells, 238, 338. Peach-leaved Bellflower, 238, 338, 448. Backhouse's, 171, 278, 448. Moerheim's, 171, 278, 448. 509 Peach-leaved Bellflower, White, 171, 278, 448; illus. 170. Pear, Prickly. See Prickly P. Pearl wort, 291, 383. Pedicularis Canadensis, 105, 207. Peganum Harmala, 184, 290. Peltandra undulata, 465. Peltandra Virginica, 465. Pennyroyal, Requien's, 342, 409. Pentstemon, Bearded. See Bearded P. Bellflowered, 332, 402. Cleveland's, 117, 218. Crowded, 207, 306. Diffuse, 245, 342, 454. Downy, 136, 245, 343. Hartweg's Large-flowered Hybrid, 218, 325, 396. One-sided, 245, 343, 454. Oval-leaved, 136, 245. Showy, 261, 352, 454. Pentstemon acuminatus, 245, 342. Pentstemon angustifolius, 332, 402. Pentstemon atropurpureus , 332, 402. Pentstemon barbatus, 230, 332. Pentstemon barbatus var. Torreyi, 325, 396, 454. Pentstemon campanulatus, 332, 402. 489. Pentstemon Cleveland!, 117, 218. Pentstemon Cobaea, 370, 415. Pentstemon confertus, 207, 306. var. caerulea-purpureus. Pentstemon cyanthus, 153, 261. Pentstemon diffusus, 245, 342, 454. Pentstemon Digitalis, 187, 290. Pentstemon gentianoides hybrida grandiflora, 218, 325, 396. Pentstemon glaber, 261, 352; illus. 35°. Pentstemon glaber var. cyananthus. 153, 261. Pentstemon glaucus, 136, 245. Pentstemon Gordoni, 261, 352. Pentstemon gracilis, 136, 245, 343. Pentstemon grandiflorus, 261, 352. Pentstemon Hartwegi hybrida grandi- flora, 218, 325, 396. Pentstemon laevigatus var. Digitalis. 187, 290, 454. Pentstemon ovatus, 136, 245. Pentstemon pubescens, 136, 245, 343. Pentstemon secundiflorus, 245, 343, 454. Pentstemon spectosus, 261, 352. Pentstemon spectabilis, 261, 352, 454. Pentstemon Torreyi, 325, 396. Peony, Anomalous, 115. Common Double White, 86, 184. Common Garden, 116, 159, 218. 272, 454- Fine-leaved, 116, 218. Herbaceous, 268, 271-272, 454; illus. 270. Paradoxical, 116. Ram's Horn, 115. Small- fruited, 116. Straggling, 116, 159. Three-Part Leaved, 125. Tree. See Tree P. White-flowered, 85, 184, 159, 272, Pepper, Wall, 106, 208. Pepper-root, 12, 76. Perennial Flax, 149, 258, 351, 453; illus. 148. White, 81. Periwinkle, Common, 48, 141. Common White, 23, 95. Double Pink, 43, 127. Herbaceous, 141, 249. Petalostemon violaceus, 243, 343, 409, Petasites Japonica var. gigantea, 272, 37°. Petunia hybrida, 490. Phacelia viscida, 490. INDEX Phacelia Whitlavia, 490. Phalaris arundinacea var. picta, 474. Phalaris arundinacea var. variegata, Pheasant's Eye, 82, 453; illus. 41, 79. Phegopteris hexagonoptera, 487. Phlomis fruticosa, 207, 306. Phlomis tuberosa, 230,332; illus. 205. Phlox, Carolina, 231, 332. Chickweed, 55, 153. Crawling, 125, 231. Downy, 160, 272. Early, 272, 370. Hairy, 63, 159. 454. Mountain, 231, 333. Perennial. See Phlox paniculata. Shrubby Smooth-leaved, 231, 332, 402. Smooth, 332. Summer-flowering, 272,370. Trailing, 47, 136; illus. 137. Phlox amoena, 63, 159, 454. Phlox aristata, 160, 272. Phlox Canadensis, 136. Phlox Carolina, 231, 332. Phlox decussata, 370, 382, 396, 402, 409, 415, 420, 431, 432. 438, Phlox divaricata, 136, 454. Phlox Drumondii, 490. Phlox glaberrima, 332. Phlox glaberrima var. suffruticosa, 231, 272,332, 370, 402. var. Arnold Turner. " Beauty of Mindon. " Circle. 1 Miss Lingard. ' Modesty. Phlox maculata, 272, 370. Phlox nitida, 231, 332, 402. Phlox nivalis, 63, 160. Phlox ovata, 231, 333. Phlox ovata, 231, 332. Phlox paniculata, 37O-37I, 382, 396, 402, 409, 415, 420, 431, 432, illus. 438, 445, 454, 49°: 373- var. Amazon. 4 Amphitryon. " Bicolor. 1 Blue Hills. ' Candeur. ' Charles Darwin. ' Coccinea. ' Coquelicot. ' Cre'puscule. ' Cross of Honor. ' Daybreak. Eclaireur. Esperance. Etna. Eve"nement. Fiancee. Flambeau. Gen. Chanzy. Huxley. Independence. Iris. ' Ixion. ' James Bennett. 1 Le Cygne. " Le Mahdi. " Le Soleil. " Lord Rayleigh. ' Lothian. Mars le Tours. ' Montagnard. " Mrs. Huerlin. ' Ornament. 1 Pantheon. ' Pink Beauty. 1 R. P. Struthers. ' Saisons Lierval. Tapis blanc. Victor. Wm. Ramsey. 319, Phlox pilosa, 160, 272. Phlox procumbens, 47i 491; illus. 46, 137. Phlox procumbens, 63, 136, 159. Phlox reptans, 125, 231. Phlox Stellaria, 55, 153; illus. 54. Phlox stolonif era, 125, 231. Phlox subulata, 63, 160, 454, 489, 490, 491. Phlox subulata var. alba, 19, 86; illus. 1 8. Phlox subulata var. atropurpurea, 40, 125. Phlox subulata var. frondosa, 40, 125. Phlox subulata var. lilacina, 47, 139. Phlox subulata var. Nelsoni, 19, 86. Phlox subulata var. "The Bride," 19, 86, 454. Phlox suffruticosa, 231, 332, 402. Phlox trtflora, 231, 333. Phygelius Capensis, 325, 396. Phyllostachys aurea, 474. Phyllostachys Kumasaca, 475. Phyllostachys nigra, 474. Phyllostachys ruscifolia, 475. Phyllostachys viridiglaucescens, 475. Physalis Alkekengi, 325, 397, 431. Physalis Alkekengi var. Franchetti, 325,397, 43i. Us Fr Physalis Franchetti, 325, 397, 431. Physostegia Virginiana, 333. var. denticulata (P. denticulata). ' speciosa (P. imbricata, Dra- cocephalum speciosum). Physostegia Virginiana var. alba, 290, 382. Physostegia Virginica, 333. Physostegia Virginica var. alba, 290, 382. Phyteuma campanuloides, 343, 409. Phyteuma Michelii, 261, 352. Pickerel Weed, 465, 470. Picradenia, Dotted, 294, 384. Picradenia scaposa, 294, 384. Pilot Weed, 313, 392. Pincushion Flower, 262, 353, 455. Webb's, 208, 310, 391. Pine, Prince's, 172. Pink, Alpine, 224, 329. Broad-leaved, 224, 330, 398, 449. Carthusian, 212, 322. Cheddar, 121, 224, 330. Cinnamon, 339, 398. Cushion, 118, 222, 246, 344, 447. Dark Red, 213, 322, 449. Double White Garden, 174, 449. Fire, 221, 326. Fringed, 339, 407. Garden, 122, 224, 227, 449; illus. 225. Ground. See Ground P. Glacier, 224. Indian, 118, 222, 396, 469. Lauche's Sea, 39, 118, 222. Maiden, 121, 224, 449; illus. 120. Miss Simkins, 76, 174, 449. Moss. See Moss P. Mullein. See Mullein P. Pale-flowered, 224. Pheasant's Eye, 122, 224. Rock, 224, 330. Sand, 174, 282. Scotch, 122, 224, 449- Seguier's, 227, 330, 450. Spreading, 174, 282. Stud, 47, 132. Swamp, 47, 132. Two-colored, 174. Wild, 40, 127. Woodland, 213. Pink Beauty, 232, 334. Pink Root, 222, 326, 397. Pitcher Plant, 471. Plantain, Rattlesnake, 285, 380. Robin's, 131, 239. Plantain Lily, Fortune's, 340. 510 Plantain Lily, Lance-leaved, 340, 407, 437. Large-flowered Subcordate, 380, 419. 450. Oval-leaved, 240, 340. Siebold's, 240, 340. Platycodon grandiflorum, 352, 413, 440, 454, 490; var. flore-pleno. Japonicum (P. Japonicum). Mariesi. Platycodon grandiflorum var. album, 187, 290, 382, 420, 454; illus. 288. Pleurisy Root, 317, 392. Plumbago Larpentcz, 411, 439. Plume Poppy, 277, 375, 447. Large-leaved, 473. Podophyllum Emodi,.86, 187. Podophyllum peltatum, 86. Polemonium caeruleum, 139, 245, 454; illus. 138. Polemonium caeruleum var. album, 80, 187. Polemonium ccrruleum var. grandiflo- rum, 153, 261, 352. Polemonium grandiflorum, 153, 261, Polemonium humile, 261, 352, 455. Polemonium reptans, 55, 153, 261; illus. 152. Polemonium reptans var. Himalaya- num, 153, 261, 352. Polemonium Richardsonii, 261, 352. Polyanthus, 63, 160. Polygala, Fringed, 125, 231. Polygala paucifolia, 125, 231. Polygonatum commucatum, 89, 187. Polygonatum giganteum, 89, 187. Polygonatum multiflorum, 89, 187; illus. 1 86. Polygonum amplexicaule, 445. Polygonum cuspidatum, 383, 421, 491. Polygonum multiflorum, 445. Polygonum oxyphyllum, 445. Polygonum Sachalinense, 383, 420, 491. Polygonum Sieboldi, 383, 421. Polygonum speciosum, 445- Polygonum Zuccarinii, 383, 421. Poly podium vulgare, 488. Pond Lily, Andrews', 462. Arethusa, 462. Aurora, 462. Cape Cod, 464. Ellis', 462. Gladstone's, 462. Large Yellow, 461. Laydeker's, 462. Marliac's, 463. Marliac's Firy, 463. Marliac's Flaming, 463. Marliac's Flesh-colored, 463. Marliac's Pink, 463. Purest White, 462. Robinson's, 464. Seignoreti's, 464. Small Yellow, 461. Sweet-scented, 463. Tawny, 462. Pond Weed, Cape, 458. Pontederia cordata, 465, 47o. Poppy, Alpine, 86, 184, 4541 illus. 87, 206. Atlantic, 114, 321. Bracteate, 116, 218. Celandine, 106, 209. Cyclamen, 282, 379. Fischer's Horned, 317. Hairy- stemmed, 114, 211. Iceland. See Iceland P. Oriental. See Oriental P. Plume. See Plume P. Rupifrage, 117, 218, 324. •Welsh, 204, 3°S. Porteranthus stipulates, 178, 284. INDEX Porteranthus trifoliatus, 178, 284. Potato, Indian, 422. Potato Vine, Wild, 482. Potentilla argentea, 105, 207, 306. Potentilla argyrophylla, 207, 306. Potentilla argyrophylla var. atrosan- guinea, 221, 325. Potentilla atrosanguinea, 221, 325. Potentilla Calabra, 105, 207, 306. Potentilla coccinea, 125, 231. Potentilla formosa, 125, 231. Potentilla fruticosa, 207, 309, 390, Potentilla "Gloire de Nancy," 309, 390. tilla grandiflora, 208, 309. 208, Potenti Potentilla Hapwoodiana, 231, 333. Potentilla hybrida, 221, 263, 325, 354, 397- var. Dr. Andre". Eldorado. ' Le Vesuve. Victor Lemoine. " William Rollinson. Potentilla insignis, 207, 306. Potentilla Nepalensis, 125, 231. Potentilla Pyrenaica, 105, 208, 309. Potentilla Russelliana, 221, 325, 394. Potentilla tridentata, 89, 187, 489. Poterium Sanguisorba, 188, 291. Prickly Pear, Common, 207, 306, 390, Western, 306, 389. Prima Auricula, 63. Primrose, Bird's Eye, 139, 246. Common European, 35, 105. Cortusa-leaved, 126, 231. Dwarf Canadian, 126, 231. Ear- leaved, 139, 245. Evening. See Evening. P Japanese. See Japanese P. Kashmir Tooth-leaved, 139, 246. Mexican, 220, 332. Missouri, 204, 306, 389, 454. Mistassini, 126, 231. Rosy Himalayan, 126. Round-headed Himalayan, 139, 245. Stuart's, 105, 208, 455. Tooth-leaved, 139, 245. True, 35, 105. Von Siebold's, 63, 160, 455. Primrose Peerless, 16, 82. Primula acaulis, 35, 105. Primula Auricula, 63, 160. Primula auriculata, 139, 245. Primula Cachemiriana, 139, 246. Primula capitata, 139, 245. Primula cortusoides, 126, 231. Primula cortusoides var. amcena, 63, 160. Primula cortusoides var. grandiflora, 63, 160. Primula cortusoides var. Sieboldi, 63, 160. Primula denticulata, 139, 245, 490. var. purpureum. Primula denticulata var. Cachemiri- ana, I39t 246. Primula elatior, 105. Primula farinosa, 139, 246. Primula farinosa var. Mistassinica, 126, 231. Primula grandiflora, 35, 105. Primula Japonica, 139, 246, 343, 455; illus. 247. Primula Japonica var. alba, 187., 290. Primula longifolia, 139, 245. Primula Mistassinica, 126, 231. Primula officinalis, 35, 105, 455; illus. Primula Polyantha, 63, 160; illus. 58, 62. Primula pusilla, 126, 231. Primula rosea, 126. Primula Sieboldi, 63, 160, 455. Primula Stuartii, 105, 208, 455. Primula vulgaris, 35, 105. Prophet Flower, 24, 99. Pteris aquilina, 488. Puccoon, Hoary, 113. Red, 20, 89; illus. 88. Pulmonaria angustifplia, 153. Pulmonaria officinalis, 153. Pulmonaria maculata, 153. Pulmonaria saccharata, 55, 154; illus. Pulsatilla hirsutissima (Brit.), 43, 127. Pulsatilla vulgaris, 43, 127. Purple Aster, Late, 436. Seaside, 404, 436. Purple Rock Cress, 43, 128, 447. Deep, 44, 128. Eyre's, 43, 128. Grecian, 43, 128. Olympian, 44, 128. Purse Tassels, 52, 150. Puschkinia scillpides, 20, 89. Pyrethrum hybridum, 264, 359. Pyrethrum roseum, 264, 359, 490. Pyrethrum uliginosum, 376, 419, 490. Pyrola rotundifolia, 187, 290. Pyrola umbellata, 172. Pyxidanthera barbulata, 20, 89. Pyxie, 20, 89. laker Lady, 149, 257; illus. 147. imash, Cusick's, 143. imasia hyacinthina, 145. of the Prairie, 233, 334. Ragged Robin, 229, 331. Double, 122, 229. Ragweed, Dorian, 313, 392. Ramonda Pyrenaica, 139, 246. Ramonda Pyrenaica var. alba, 89, 187. Ramondia Pyrenaica, 139, 246. Rampion, Horned. See Horned Ram- pion. Ranunculus aconitifolius, 89, 187. var. flore-pleno (R. a. var. ple- nus}. Ranunculus aconitifolius var. luteus- plenus, 106, 208. Ranunculus acris var. flore-pleno, 105, 208, 309, 390. Ranunculus amplexicaulis, 89, 187. Ranunculus Ficaria, 106; illus. 107. Ranunculus montanus, 106, 208, 309. Ranunculus repens var. flore-pleno, 106, 208, 309; illus. 307. Ratibida pinnata, 200, 304, 388. Rattlesnake-master, 177, 283, 379, 419. Red-hot Poker Plant, 428; illus. 429. Red Lily, Handsome, 401, 432. Scarlet, 323. Southern, 323. Red Root, 113. Reed, Giant, 466, 473. Reed Mace, Common, 465. Reseda glauca, 188, 290. Reseda odorata vars., 490. Rest-Harrow, Round-leaved, 324. Thorny, 230, 332. White, 290, 382. Rheum officinale, 475. Rheum palmatum, 475. var. Tanghuticum (Rheum Tan- ghuticum). Rheum sanguineum, 473. Rhexia Virginica, 470. Rhubarb, False, 313, 392. Medicinal, 475. Palmate, 475. Rice, Indian, 465. Wild, 465. Rock Cress, Alpine, 12, 72. Leichtlin's, 39, 121. Purple. See Purple R. C. Running, 12, 72. White, n, 72, 447. Rocket, 241, 340. Double White Sweet, 179, 285. 5" Rocket, Sweet, 241, 340. Rockfoil, 1 88. Rock Rose, 199, 300. Changeable, 228, 331. Hyssop-leaved, 210, 317. Rodgersia podophylla, 188, 291. Rohdea, Variegated Japanese, 475- Rohdea Japonica var. variegata, 475' Rosa "Baltimore Belle," 483. Rosa "Carmine Pillar," 483. Rosa "Crimson Rambler," 483. Rosa "Dawson," 484- Rosa "Debutante," 484. Rosa intermedia, 484. Rosa multiflora, 484. Rosa polyantha, 484. Rosa setigera, 484. Rosa "Sweetheart," 484. Rosa "The Farquhar." 484. Rosa Wichurce, 484. Rosa Wichuriana, 484. Rose, Baltimore Belle, 483. Bramble, 484. Campion, 268. Carmine Pillar, 483. Christmas. See Christmas R. Cliff, 118, 222. Crimson Rambler, 483. Debutante, 484. Egyptian, 273, 372, 415. Gypsies', 273, 372, 415. Prairie, 484. Rock. See Rock R. Sun, 199, 300. Swamp. See Swamp R. Sweetheart, 484. The Dawson, 484. The Farquhar, 484. Umbel-flowered Sun, 178, 285. Wichuriana, 484. Rose Mallpw, 401, 432. California, 419. Halberd-leaved, 401, 432. Hoary, 388, 425. White, 381, 4i9. Rosemary, 246, 343. Marsh, 292, 353, 414. White Marsh, 292, 383. Roseroot, 189, 292. Rose Petty, 131, 239. Rose of Sharon, 303, 388. Rosewort, 189, 292. Rosinweed, Rough, 313, 392. Whorled, 313, 392. Rosmarinus officinalis, 246, 343. Rudbeckia aspera, 309, 390. Rudbeckia California, 390. Rudbeckia fulgida, 394, 428. Rudbeckia grandiflora, 390. Rudbeckia laciniata, 309, 390. Rudbeckia laciniata var. flore-pleno, 309, 390..455. Rudbeckia maxima, 390. Rudbeckia pinnata, 200, 304, 388. Rudbeckia purpurea, 330, 398. Rudbeckia speciosa,3O9,39o, 490, 491; illus. 308. Rudbeckia subtomentosa, 391, 455. Rudbeckia triloba, 309, 391, 455. Rue, 310. Dwarf Meadow, 209, 314. Fen, 313, 392. Glaucous Meadow, 209, 314. Goat's, 240, 340, 407. Harmala, 184, 290. Oriental Goat's, 348. Purplish Meadow, 93, 193. Rue, White Goat's, 178, 284. Ruellia, Hairy, 353, 413. Ruellia ciliosa, 353, 413- Running Myrtle, Blue, 48, 141. Common, 48, 141. Common White, 23, 95. Rupturewort, 285, 380. Rush, Common Scourish, 466. Rush Aster, 337. INDEX Ruta graveolens, 310. Sabbatia, Prairie, 231, 333. Sabbatia campestris, 231, 333. Sacaline, 383, 420. Saccharum Ravenna, 474. Saffron, Meadow. See Meadow S. Sage, 273, 372. Bethlehem, 55, 154. Indian, 283, 379. Jerusalem. See Jerusalem S. Meadow. See Meadow S. Mealy, 353, 413. Pitcher's, 413, 440. Silver-leaved, 188, 291. Sylvan, 343- Two-colored, 140, 246. Vervain, 246, 343. White Sylvan, 291. Wood, 334, 403. Sagina piltfera, 291, 383. Sagina subulata, 291, 383. Sagittaria Japonica, 405. Sagittaria latifolia, 470. Sagittaria sagittaefolia var. flore-pleno, 465- Sagittaria sagittaefolia var. variabilis, 470. Sagittaria variabilis, 470. Sainfoin, 230, 332. Salpiglossis sinuata and vars., 490. Sal via argentea,i88, 291. Sal via azurea var. grandiflora, 413, 440. Salvia bicplor, 140, 246. Salvia farinacea, 353, 413. Salvia glutinosa, 310, 391. Salvia officinalis, 273, 372. yar. tenuior. Salvia Pitcheri, 413, 440. Salvia pratensis, 262, 353, 4515. Salvia pratensis var. alba, 188, 291. Salvia pratensis var. rosea, 232, 333. Salvia spelmina, 246, 343. Salvia Spielmanni, 246, 343. Salvia splendens, 490. Salvia sylvestris, 343. Salvia sylvestris var. alba, 291. Salvia Verbenacea, 246, 343. Sandwort, Large- flowered, 277. Vernal, 72. Sanguinaria Canadensis, 20, 89; illus. 21, 88. Bangui sorb a Canadensis, 188, 291. Sanguisorba minor, 188, 291. Sanicle, Bear's Ear, 44, 131. Santolina chamscyparissus, 475. Santolina incana, 475. Saponaria ocymoides, 126, 232, 333. Saponaria otficinalis var. flore-pleno, 333, 402. Sarracema Drummondn, 471. Sarracenia purpurea, 471 ; illus. 467. Sarsaparilla, Cordate Wild, 472. Indian Wild, 472. Saxifraga Aizoon, 188. Saxifraga Andrewsii, 90, 188. Saxifraga cordifolia, 47, 140, 490; illus. 49- Saxifraga Cotyledon var. pyramidalis, 188, 291. Saxifraga crassifolia, 40, 126, 490. Saxifraga ligulata, 64, 90, 160, 490. var. ciliata. Saxifraga oppositifolia, 48, 140. Saxifraga peltata, 90, 188. Saxifraga Pennsylvania, 471, 489. Saxifraga recta, 188. Saxifraga rosularis, 188. Saxifraga Schmidtii, 64, 160. Saxifraga Virginiensis, 20, 90, 188. Saxifrage, Andrew's, 90, r88. Early, 20, 90, 178. Golden, 12, 75. Heart-leaved, 47, 140. Large Strap-leaved, 90. Livelong, 188. Saxifrage, Mountain, 48, 140. Pennsylvania, 471. Purple, 48, 140. Pyramidal Cotyledon, 188, 291. Swamp, 471. Thick-leaved, 40. Tongue-leaved, 64, 160. Scabiosa arvensis, 273, 372, 415. Scabiosa atropurpurea, and vars., 490. Scabiosa Caucasica, 262, 353, 455. Scabiosa Caucasica var. alba, 189, 291. Scabiosa Columbaria, 246, 343, 409, 438. Scabiosa graminifolia, 262, 353, 413, 440. 489. Scabiosa ochroleuca, 208, 310, 391. Scabiosa sylvatica, 262, 353, 413, 440, 489. Scabiosa sylvatica var. albiflora, 189, 291, 383, 421. Scabiosa vana, 273, 415. Scabiosa Webbiana, 208, 310, 391. Scabious, Grass-leaved, 262, 353, 413, Lilac- flowered, 246, 343, 409, 438. Sheep, 351, 413. Shepherd's, 351, 413. Small, 246, 343. 409, 438. Webb's, 208, 310, 391. White Caucasian, 188, 291. White Woodland, 189, 291, 383, Woodland, 262, 353, 413, 440. Scarlet Lightning, 214, 324, 453. Schizanthus pinnatus, and vars., 490. Schizocodon soldanelloides, 232. Schizophragma hydrangeoides, 484. Scilla amoena, 7, 55, 154. S cilia antcena var. pr&cox, 7, 55, 154. Scilla autumnalis, 333, 402, 432. Scilla bifolia, 7, 55, 154. var. alba. Scilla campanulata, 126, 160, 232, 273. Scilla campanulata var. carnea, 126, Scilla cernua, 160, 273. Scilla festalis, 160, 273. Scilla festalis var. alba, 90, 189. Scilla festalis var. cernua, 126, 232. Scilla festalis var. lilacina, 140, 246. Scilla festalis var. rosea, 126, 232. Scilla Fraseri, 145. Scilla Hispanica, 160, 273, 455, 491. Scilla Hispanica var. alba, 90, 189. Scilla Hispanica var. carnea, 126, 232, Scilla Hispanica var. rosea, 126, 232, 455; illus. 124. Scilla hyacinthoides, 413, 455. Scilla hyacinthoides var. alba, 383, Scilla hyacinthoides var. caerulea, 414, Scilla hyacinthoides var. rosea, 402, Scilla nonscripta, 160, 273. Scilla nutans, 160, 273. Scilla nutans var. alba, go, 189. Scilla nutans var. cernua, 126, 232. Scilla nutans var. rosea, 126, 232. Scilla parviflora, 413. Scilla parviflora var. alba, 383. Scilla parviflora var. carulea, 414. Scilla parviflora var. rosea, 402. Scilla patula, 160, 232, 273. Scilla patula var. carnea, 126, 232. Scilla patulata, 126. Scilla Sibirica, 7, 55, 154, 455. 491; illus. 9. Scilla Sibirica var. alba, 4, 20, 90,455. Scirpus Holoschoenus var. variegatus, Scirpus lacustris var. zebrina, 465. Scirpus Taberncemontana var. zebrina, 465- 5I2 Scutellaria alpina, 343, 409, 438. Scutellaria Baicalensis, 353, 414. Scutellaria macrantha, 353, 414. Sea Holly, Alpine, 348, 412. Amethyst, 254, 348, 412, 439, 4SO. Seal, Golden, '16, 78. Sea Lavender, Broad-leaved, 344, 410, 438, 455. Choice, 410. Common, 353, 414, 455. Gmelin's, 344, 410, 438. Hill-loving, 233, 334. Showy, 402, 435. Tall, 344, 409, 438. Tartarian, 397, 431. White Common, 292, 383. Sea Turf, 118, 222. Sedocke, Cutberdill, 354, 415. Sedge, Variegated, 475. Sedum, Showy, 402, 435, 455; illus. 399- White Showy, 383, 421. Sedum acre, 106, 208, 489. var. aureum. Sedum Aizoon, 208, 310, 391. Sedum album, 291, 383. Sedum cruciatum, 189, 291. Sedum Ewersii var. Turkestanicum, Sedum Fabaria, 402, 435. Sedum Fabaria var. album, 383, 421. Sedum Hispanicum, 291. Sedum hybridum, 208. Sedum Kamtschaticum, 310, 391. Sedum Lydium, 402, 435. Sedum maximum, 435. var. purpureum. Sedum Middendorfianum, 209, 310. Sedum Monregalense, 189, 291. Sedum monstrosum, 310, 391. Sedum Nevii, 292. Sedum pulchellum, 246, 343. Sedum reflexum, 310, 391. Sedum reflexum var. cristatum, 310, Sedum Rhodiola, 189, 292. Sedum robustum, 3io, 391. Sedum roseum, 189, 292. Sedum sexangulare, 209, 310. Sedum Sieboldii, 402, 435, 490. var. variegatum (5. variegatum). Sedum spectabile, 402, 435, 455, 490; illus. 399. var. variegatum. Sedum spectabile var. album, 383, 421. Sedum spuriun, 333, 403. Sedum stoloniferum, 333, 403, 489, Sedum Telephium, 334, 403. var. purpurascens. " purpureum. Sedum telephoides, 189. Self-heal, Large, 234, 338. Sempervivum arachnoideum, 326, 490. Sempervivum Arvernense, 232, 334, 489. Sempervivum Atlanticum, 221, 326. Sempervivum calcareum, 232. Sempervivum Californicum, 232. Sempervivum flaRelliforme, 221. Sempervivum globiferum, 310, 391. Sempervivum Heuffelii, 391. Sempervivum hirtum, 310, 391. Sempervivum montanum, 221. Sempervi'inim soboliferum, 310, 39 1 , 490 Sempervivum tectorum, 221, 326, 489. Sempervivum Verloti, 334- Senecio Doria, 313, 392. Senecio Japonicus, 471. Senecio pulcher, 344, 409. Senna, Wild, 295, 385. Sheep's Bit, 351, 413. Shooting Star, Common, Eastern, 131, 239. 131, 239- INDEX Shooting Star, Jeffrey's, 122, 227. Shortia, Galax-leaved, 90, 189. Shortia galacifolia, 90, 189; illus. 91. Shrub-yellow Root, 476. Siberian Flag, 136, 242, 452; illus. 244. White, 81, 179, 452. Sidalcea, White, 189. Sidalcea Candida, 189. Sidalcea Listeri, 232. Sidalcea malvaeflora var. Listeri, 232, Side-saddle Flower, 471. Silene acaulis, 246, 344. Silene alpestris, 90, 189. Silene Caucasica, 93, 189. Silene maritima var. flore-pleno, 189, 292. Silene Pennsylvanica, 40, 127. Silene Schafta, 233, 334, 403. Silene Virginica, 221, 326. Silphium asperrimum, 313, 392. Silphium laciniatum, 313, 392, 455- Silphium perfoliatum, 313, 392, 491. Silphium terebinthinaceum, 392. var. pinnatifidum. Silphium trifoliatum, 313, 392. Sisyrinchium Douglasii, 140, 246. Sisyrinchium grandiflorum, 140, 246. Skullcap, Baical's, 353, 414. Mountain, 343, 409, 438. Smilacina borealis, 99, 196. Smilacina racemosa, 93, 190; illus. 191. Snake's-beard, 342, 409. Snakeroot, Button. See Button S. Black, 281, 379. Canada, 264, 357. White, 379, 419. Sneezeweed, 386, 422, 451. Bigelow's, 300, 386. Bolander's, 198, 300, 386. Dwarf, 386, 422. Hoopes's, 102, 199, 451. Large-flowered, 386, 422. Purple- headed, 300, 386, 422. Striped, 393. Striped Purple- headed, 393, 451. Tall, 386, 422. Sneezewort, 167, 274, 375, 416. Bolander's, 198, 300, 386. Double, 167, 274, 375, 416, 446; illus. 276. Snowdrop, Caucasian, 15, 72. Common, 3, 15, 450; illus. 2. Giant, 3, 15, 450; illus. Plaited, 3, 15, 77, 451; illus. 5. Snowdrop Windflower, II, 72, 274, 446. Double, ii, 72. Snowflake, Autumn, 420. Spring, 1 6, 81. Summer, 16, 81. Snowflower, Dr. James's, 172, 281. Snuff, Mountain, 294, 384. Soapwort, Rock, 126, 232, 333. Solanum Torreyi, 344, 409. Soldanella alpina, 140. Solidago, 3i3t 392; illus. 311. var. Canadensis. Canadensis var. glabrata. Drummondii. Latifolia. Nemoralis. Patula. Petiolaris. Rigida. Sempervirens. Shortii. Speciosa. Ulmifolius. Solidago Canadensis, 491. Solidago serotina, 491. Solomon's Seal, 89, 187; illus. 186. False, 93, 190; illus. 191. Great, 89, 187. 167, Solomon's Seal, Smooth, 89, 187. Southernwood, 472. Lewis', 472. Spanish Squill, 160, 273, 455. Flesh-colored, 126, 232, 455. Rose-colored, 126, 160, 232, 273, White, 90, 189. Spatterdock, Common, 461. Spatulum, 268, 370. Spearmint, 342, 409. Speedwell, Austrian, 353, 414. Bastard, 154, 263. Broad-leaved Hungarian, 263, 354. Common, 154, 262, 354. Creeping, 95. Gentian- leaved, 55, 154, 456; illus. 152- Germander, 154, 262. Great Virginian, 384, 421. Hoary, 262, 353, 456. Hungarian, 155, 263, 457. Long- leaved, 345. Pink Long-leaved, 233, 337. Pink Spike- flowered , 233, 337. Rock, 154, 262, 456. Saw-leaved, 155, 263. Scallop-leaved, 154, 262. Spike-flowered, 262, 354, 456. White Gentian-leaved, 23, 95. White Spike- flowered, 193,293,457. Spergula pilifera, 291, 383. Spergula subulata, 291, 383. Spiderwort, Common, 140, 249, 345, 410. Red, 117, 222, 326, 397. o White- 94, ? 93, 293, 383. Spigelia Marylandica, 222, 326, 397. Spikenard, 472. Spindle Tree, Japanese, 481. Spiraea, Elegant Palmate-leaved, 233, 334. Fingered, 190, 292. Spiraea Aruncus, 190, 292, 455, 471, 491. Spiraea Aruncus var. astilboides, 190, 292. Spiraea astilboides, 190, 292, 455. var. floribunda. Spiraea Camtschatica, 292. Spiraea digitata, 190, 292. Spiraea Fuipendula, 190, 292. var. flore-pleno. Spiraea gigantea, 292. Spiraea Japonica, 168. Spiraea lobata, 233, 334. Spiraea palmata, 233, 334, 455, 471. Spiraea palmata, 233, 334. Spiraea palmata var. alba, 190, 292. Spiraea palmata var. elegans, 233, 334, Spiraea Ulmaria, 190, 292. var. aurea variegata. ' flore-pleno. Spleenwort, Dwarf, 486. Ebony, 486. Maidenhair, 486. Narrow-leaved, 486. Spring Beauty, 39, lai. Carolina. 39, 121. Spurge, Alleghany Mountain, 85. Flowering, 283, 379. Japanese Evergreen. 85, 184. Myrsinites-like, 28, 101. Squawberry, 183. Squill, Autumn, 333, 402, 432. Bellflowered, 160, 273. Early, 7. 55, 154. Hyacinth. See Hyacinth S. Siberian, 7, 55, 154, 455; illus. 9. Spanish. See Spanish S. Striped, 20, 89. White Bellflpwered, 90, 189. White Siberian, 4, 20, 90. Stachys Betonica, 249, 344; illus. 248. Stachys coccinea, 326. Stachys grandiflora, 249, 344. Stachys lanata, 249, 344. Starflower, 94. Bouquet, 277, 375. Star-of- Bethlehem, Common, 85, 183. Drooping, 19, 85. Starwort, Greater, 93, 190. Hybrid Italian, 432. New England, 404, 435. New York, 435- Siberian, 404, 436. Various-colored, 416. Yarrow-leaved, 277, 375. Statice Besseriana, 233, 334, 397, 431. Statice collina, 233, 334. Statice elata, 344, 409, 438. Statice eximia, 410. Statice Gmelini, 344, 410, 438. Statice incana var. nybrida, 397, 431. Statice latifolia, 344, 410, 438, 455, Statice Limonium, 353, 414, 455. Statice Limonium var. alba, 292, 383. Statice maritima, 353, 414. Statice speciosa, 344. Statice Tatarica, 397, 43 1. St. George's Herb, 233. Steeple Bells, White, 278, 376. Stellaria Holostea, 93, 190, 491; illus. Stenactis speciosa, 240, 339. Stipa pennata, 475. Stitchwort, Greater, 93, 190. St. John's Wort, 303, 388. Kalm's, 388, 451. Stokesia cyanea, 414, 440, 455; illus. 406. Stonecrop, 106, 208. Aizoon, 208, 310, 391. Beautiful, 246, 343. Ewer's Turkestan, 433. Hybrid, 208. Largest, 435- Lydian, 402, 435. Middendorf's, 209, 310. Monregalensis, 189, 291. Nevius', 292. Orange, 310, 391. Purple, 333,- 403. Siebold's, 402, 435. Six-angled, 209, 310. Spanish, 291. White, 291, 383. Stonehore, 310, 391. Crested, 310, 391. Stork's Bill, Glandular, 240, 339, 407. Manescaut's, 240, 339. Strawberry, Barren, 113, 210. Indian, 198. Yellow, 113, 210. Struthiopteris Germanica, 487. Stylophorum diphyllum, 106, 209. Succory, Blue, 239, 339. 407. Sundrops, 204, 305, 453; illus. 206. Sunflower, False, 300, 386, 387, 422, 425. Hairy, 300, 387, 451; illus. 301. Linear-leaved, 425. Maximilian's, 425. Narrow-leaved, 386, 422. Pale-leaved Wood, 300, 387, 425. Pigmy, 194, 294. Pitcher's False, 303, 387, 425. Showy, 387, 422. Smooth, 387, 425. Stiff, 300, 387. Stiff, Miss Mellish, 387, 425, 451. Swamp, 386, 421, 422. Thin-leaved, 386, 422. Throatwort, 300, 387, 425. Wild, 386, 422. | Woolly, 387, 425. Swamp-orchis, Mottled, 177, 283. Swamp Rose, 401, 432. Crimson Eye, 381, 419. White, 381, 419. INDEX Sweet Flag, 466. Striped, 458. Sweet William, 267,365,449; illus. 299. Wild, 136, 272, 370, 454- Swertia perennis, 353. Symphyandra Hofmanni, 293. Symphytum asperrimum, 154, 262, Symphytum officinale, 93, 193, 293. Symphytum officinale var. luteomargi- natum, 476. Symphytum officinale var. variega- tum, 476. Taberneemontana Amsonia, 142, 250. Tagetes erecta, 490. Tagetes patula, 490. Tea, Oswego, 217, 324, 396, 431, 453. Teasel, Fuller's, 177. Tecoma Chinensis, 485. Tecoma grandiflora, 483. Tecoma radicans, 485. Telekia cordifolia, 491. Tellima grandiflora, 93. Ten o'Clock, 85, 183. Teucrium Canadense, 334, 403. Teucrium Chamaedrys, 345, 410. Teucrium Virginicum, 334, 403. Thalictrum anemonoides, 72. Thalictrum aquilegifolium, 93, 193, 293. Thalictrum flavum, 313,392; illus. 312. Thalictrum glaucum, 209, 314. Thalictrum minus, 209, 314. var. adiantifolium (T. adiantioi- des, T. adianthifolium). Thalictrum purpurascens, 93, 193. Thalictrum purpureum, 93, 209, 193, 314. Thalictrum saxatile, 209, 314. Thaspium aureum, 209, 314. Thaspium trifoliatum var. aureum, 209, 314. Thermopsis, Alleghany, 106, 209, 314. Bean-like, 106, 209. Carolina, 209, 314. Mountain, 106, 209. Thermopsis Caroliniana, 209, 314. Thermopsis fabacea, 106, 209. Thermopsis mollis, 106, 209, 314. Thermopsis montana, 106, 209. Thermopsis montana, 106, 209. Thistle, Globe. See Globe T. Hedgehog, 227, 330, 398. Hundred, 348, 412, 439. Scotch, 342, 409. Star, 295, 385. Thlaspi alpestre, 93, 193. Thorn, Box, 483. Chinese Box, 483. Thoroughwort, 283, 379. Tall, 283, 379- Thrift, Alpine, 43, 128, 234. Lauche's, 39, 118, 222, 447. Plantain-like, 128, 234. Seaside, 118,222. White Plantain-like, 72, 168. Thunbergia alata, 490. Thunbergian Lily, 214, 323, 452; illus. 215. Shining, 318, 393, 452. Wallace's, 318, 452. Yellow, 304, 452. Thunbergian Lily Alice Wilson, 304, Thyme, Common Garden, 249, 345. Creeping, 249, 345, 410. Mother of, 249, 345, 410. Mountain Wild, 193, 293, 383. Thymus Chamcedrys, 193, 293, 383. Thymus montanus, 193, 293, 383. Thymus Serpyllum, 249, 345, 410. var. argenteus. 4 aureus. ' citriodoTous. ' lanuginosus. Thymus Serpyllurn var. montanus, 193, 293, 383. Thymus vulgaris, 249, 345. Tiarella cordifolia, 93. Tickseed, Lance-leaved, 196, 296, 385, 449; illus. 298. Large-flowered, 196, 296, 385, 449; illus. 297. Larkspur, 296, 385, 421. Small Pink, 223, 329, 398. Small Rose, 223, 329, 398. Star, 296, 385, 422. Stiff, 196, 296. Tall, 385, 422. Whorled, 296, 385. Toadflax, Alpine, 354, 414. Dalmatian, 203, 305, 389. Macedonian, 203, 305. Tobacco, Mountain, 294, 384. Tomato, Strawberry, 325, 397, 431. Toothwort, Two-leaved, 12, 76. Torenia Fournieri, 490. Townsendia sericea, 20, 93. Tradescantia Virginiana, 140, 249, 345, 4io. var. caerulea. Tradescantia Virginiana var. alba, 94, 193- 293, 383; illus. 84. Tradescantia Virginiana var. coccinea, 117,. 222, 326, 397. Tradescantia Virginica, 140, 249, 345, 410. Traveller's Joy, 481. Tree Peony, 159, 272. Double Red, 123, 230. Large Rosy, 125, 230. Poppy-flowered, 85, 184. Striped, 85, 184. Trefoil, Bird's- foot, 203, 305, 389. Tricyrtis hirta, 435. var. nigra. _ Tricyrtis Japonica, 435. Trientalis Americana, 94. Trifolium Pannonicum, 193, 293. Trillium, Egg-shaped, 94. Long-leaf-stalked, 140, 249. Tiny, 40, 127. Trillium cernuum, 20, 94, 193. Trillium erectum, 36, 117, 222. Trillium erectum var. album, 20, 94, 193. Trillium erythrocarpum, 20, 94. Trillium fcetidum, 36, 117, 222. Trillium grandiflorum, 94, 193, 455; illus. 92. Trillium nivale, 20, 94. Trillium ovatum, 94. Trillium pendulum, 36, 117, 222. Trillium petiolatum, 140, 249. Trillium pictum, 20, 94. Trillium purpureum, 36, 117, 222. Trillium pusillum, 40, 127. Trillium sessile, 64, 160. Trillium sessile var. Calif ornicum, 64, 160. Trillium sessile var. giganteum, 64, 160. Trillium undulatum, 20, 94. Tripmadam, 310, 391. Crested, 310. Tripsacum Dactylis, 476. Tripsacum dactyloides, 476. Tripsacum Violaceum, 476. Triteleia uniftora, 140. Tritoma Uvaria, 428. Tritonia crocosmaeflora, 326, 397, 431, 456; illus. 327. var. Transcendent. Tritonia crocosmaeflora vars., 314, 392, 456. var. Gerbe d'Or. Rayon d'Or. ' Soleil couchant. Tritonia Pottsii, 321, 394, 428, 456. Tritonia rosea, 326, 397, 456. Trollius Asiaticus, 35, 1 06 , 4 5 6 ; illus. 3 4. Trollius Europaeus, 109, 209, 456, 490 var. Loddigesii. Trollius globosus, 109, 209. Trollius Japonicus, 109, 210. Tropaeolum majus, 490. Tropaeolum minus, 490. Trumpet Creeper, 485. Chinese, 485. Trumpet Leaf, Great, 471. Trumpet Vine, 485. Trumpet Weed, 466. Tulip, Batalin's, 109. Bieberstein's, 109. Brilliant, 117. Common Garden, 118, 164, 222, 273 Darwin. See Tulipa Darwin. Didier's, 117. Dragon, 164. Due van Thol. See Tulipa Due van Thol. Early, 118. Elegant- flowered, 117. Greig's, 39, 118. Kaufmann's, 109. Keeled, 117, 456. Lady, 155. Late, 118, 164, 222, 273; illus. 161. Ostrosk's, 118. Parrot, 164. Persian, no. Reflexed, no. Southern, 109. Sun's-eye, 118. Turkish, 109. Vitelline, no. Wild, no. Yellow, no. See Tulipa. Tulipa (Early Bedding), 23, 64, 67-68, 94, 109, 117, 127, 140, 155, 160, 456. var. Alba Maxima. ' Artus. ' Belle Alliance. Bizard Verdict. ' Canary Bird. ' Chrysolora. ' Cottage Maid. ' Couleur Cardinal. 1 Crown of Gold. ' Crown of Roses. 1 Duchess of Parma. ' Gloria Solis. ' Grand Duke of Russia. 1 Imperator Rubrorum. Joost van Vondel, Striped. " Joost van Vondel, White; illus. 66. Keizer Kroom. ' Le Blason. ' Le Matador. ' Le Matelas. " Mon Tresor. " Murillo. ' Ophir d'Or. " Pottebakker, Scarlet. " Pottebakker, White. 1 Pottebakker, Yellow. Prince of Austria. ' Proserpine. ' Queen of the Netherlands. Rachel Ruisch. Rex Rubrorum. " Rose Grisdelin. 1 Stanley. Tournesol, Scarlet. Tournesol. Yellow. Van der Neer. Vermilion Brilliant. " Wapen van Leiden. " White Swan; illus. 80. " Yellow Prince; illus. 66. (Late Bedding), 163, 456. var. Belle Alliance. Bizarre. " Blue Flag. INDEX Tulipa (Late Bedding) (cont'd) — var. Bouton d'Or. ' Bybloemens. ' Duke of York. ' Golden Crown. 1 La Candeur. 1 Manage de ma Fille. ' Peony Gold. 1 Picot^e. ' Rose Blanche. Tulipa acuminata, 109. Tulipa australis, 109. Tulipa Batalini, 109. Tulipa Biebersteiniana, 109. Tulipa Carinata, Ii7t 456. Tulipa Clusiana, 155. Tulipa "Darwin," 163-164, 273, 456; illus. 162. var. Alabama. ' Glory. 1 Grande Duchesse. ' Gustave Dor6. ' Herold, Hipp9lyte. Liberia. " Longfellow. " Olga. " Pales. ' Richelieu. " Scylla. Tulipa Didieri, 117; illus. 119. Tulipa "Due van Thol," 68, 164, 456. var. Crimson. 4 Maximus. ' Orange. ' Rose. ' Scarlet. Vermilion. Tulipa elegans, 117. Tuhpa Florentina, no. Tulipa Florentina var. odorata, no. Tulipa fulgens, 117. Tulipa Gesneriana, 118, 164, 222, 456. Tulipa Gesneriana var. Dracontia, 164, 273, 456; illus. 165. var. Admiral of Constantinople. ' Cafe Brun. Lutea Major. Markgraaf. 1 Monstre Rouge. 1 Perfecta. Tulipa Greigii, 39, 118, 456; illus. 38. Tulipa Kaufmanniana, 109. Tulipa Oculus-solis, 118. Tulipa Ostrowskiana, 118. Tulipa patens, no. Tulipa Persica, no. Tulipa praecox, 118. Tulipa retroflexa, no, 456; illus. in. Tulipa sylvestris, no, 491; illus. in. Tulipa vitellina, no, 456. Tunica Saxifraga, 233, 334, 490. Turban Bellflower, White, 278, 376, Turkey's Beard, 95, 194. Turk's Cap Lily, 268. American, 321, 394, 453, 469. Turtle Head, Lyon's, Red, 395- lite Smi 395- White Smooth, 281, 376. Tussilago Farfara var. variegata, 35. Tuzzymuzzy, 52, 150. Twin Flower, 229, 331. Twin-leaf, 81. Typha latifolia, 465. Ulmaria Camtschatica, 292. Ulmaria Filipendula, 190, 292. Ulmaria palustris, 190, 292. Ulmaria pentapetala, 190, 292. Ulmaria purpurea, 233, 334, 47!. Ulmaria rubra, 233, 334. Ulmaria rubra var. elegans, 233, 334. Umbrella-leaf, 76. Umbrella Plant, 90, 188, Uvularia grandiflora, no, 210. Uvularia perfoliata, no; illus. 112. Uvularia sessilifolia, 102, 204. Valerian, Common, 233. Greek, 55, 153, 261. Himalayan, 153, 261, 352. Red, 212, 322. Valeriana ofncinalis, 233. Valoridia plumbaginoides, 411, 439. Vancouveria hexandra, 94, 193, 489. Verbascum Chaixii, 210, 314. Verbascum ferrugineum, 273, 372. Verbascum longifolium, no, 210. Verbascum nigrum, 210, 314. Verbascum Olympicum, 314, 456, 491; illus. 315. Verbascum orientale, 210, 314. Verbascum pannosum, no, 210. Verbascum phoenicium, 273, 372. Verbascum Thapsus, 489, 491. Verbascum vernale, 210, 314. Verbena hybrida, 490. Verbascums, 489. Vernonia-Arkansana, 438. Vernonia crinita, 438. Veronica, Subsessile Long-leaved, 410, (438, 456. Veronica amethysttna, 154, 263. Veronica Austriaca, 353, 414. Veronica Candida, 262, 353. Veronica Chamaedrys, 154, 262, 456. Veronica fruticulosa, 154, 262. Veronica gentianoides, 55, 154, 456; illus. 152. Veronica gentianoides var. alba, 23, 95' Veronica incana, 262, 353, 456, 491. Veronica latifolia var. subsessilis, 490. Veronica longifolia, 345. var. villosa. Veronica longifolia var. rosea, 233, Veronica longifolia var. subsessilis, 410, 438, 456. Veronica neglecta, 262, 353. Veronica ofncinalis, 154, 262, 354. Veronica paniculata, 154, 263. Veronica pectinata, 154, 262. Veronica repens, 95. Veronica rupestris, 154, 262, 456, 489, 49°. 491- Veronica spicata, 262, 354, 456. Veronica spicata, 410, 438. Veronica spicata var. alba, 193, 293, 457- Veronica spicata var. rosea, 233, 337. Veronica spuria, 154, 263. var. elegans. Veronica Teucrium, 155, 263, 457. Veronica Teucrium var. latifolia, 263, Veronica Virginica, 384, 421. var. Japonica. Vetch, Black Pea, 242, 341. Bitter. See Bitter V. Vetch, Crown. See Crown- Vetch. Milk. See Milk V. Pea-like, 263. Vicia oroboides, 263. Vinca herbacea, 141, 249. Vinca minor, 48, 141, 489. var. aurea variegata. ' caerulea (V. carulea). Vinca minor var. alba, 23, 95. Vinca minor var. rosea plena, 43, 127. Vincetoxicum acuminatum, 281. Vincetoxicum Japonicum, 281. Viola blanda, 23, 95; illus. 112. Viola Canadensis, 23, 95, 193; illus. 22, 192. Viola canina, 68, 164. Viola canina var. alba, 23, 95. Viola cornuta, 48, 141, 249, 345, 410, 438, 456, 489, 49°, 491- Viola cornuta var. alba, 23, 95, 194, 293, 384, 421, 4571 illus. 137. Viola cornuta var. lutea major, 35, no, 210, 317, 392, 457; illus. Viola cucullata, 489. Viola cucullata var. palmata, 48, 141. Viola dentata, 155, 263. Viola hastata, no. Viola hirta, 155. Viola lutea, 113. Viola Munbyana, 164. Viola odorata, 48, 141. Viola odorata var. alba, 23, 95. Viola palmata, 48, 141. Viola palmata var. cucullata, 48, 141. Viola pedata, 141, 250, 491. Viola pedata var. alba, 95, 194; illus. 191. Viola pubescens, 35, 113, 491. Viola sagittata, 155, 263. Viola tricolor, 68, 164, 273, 372, 415, 445, 457, 489. Violet, Arrow-leaved, 155, 263. Bird's-foot, 141, 250. Canada, 23, 95, 193. Common Blue, 48, 141. Damask, 241, 340. Dame, 241, 340. Dog, 68. Dogtooth. See Dogtooth V. Early Blue, 48, 141. Hairy, 155. Hairy Yellow, 35, 1 13. Halberd-leaved Yellow, no. Horned. See Horned V. Large American 48. Mountain, 113. Munby's, 164. Sweet, 23, 48, 95. Sweet White, 23, 95; illus. 112. White Bird's-foot, 95, 194; illus. White Dog, 23. Virginia Creeper, 479. Virgin's Bower, Great-flowered, 480. Purple, 481. Undivided-leaved, 253, 347. White Herbaceous, 173, 281, 448. Virgin's Bower Otto Froebel, Great- flowered, 480. Vlscarla alpina, 40, 122. Vitis inconstans, 479. Vitis quinquefolia, 479. Wahlenbergia grandiflora, 352, 413, 440. Wahlenbergia grandiflora var. alba, 187, 382, 420. Wakerobin, Early, 20, 94. Ill-scented, 36, 117, 222. Large Californian, 64, 160. Large- flowered, 94, 193, 455; illus. 92. Nodding, 20, 94, 193. Painted, 20, 94. Sessile- flowered, 64, 160. White Ill-scented, 20, 94, 193. Waldsteinia fragarioides, 113, 210. Walking Leaf, 487. Wallflower, 156. Alpine, 27, 101. Wand Plant, 283. Water Avens, 113, 210. White, 77, 178. Water Carpet, 12, 75. Water Flag, Common, 102, 191, 458, 469. Yellow, 102, i9i, 458, 469. Water Flower, 113, 210. Dwarf Chiloe, 113, 210. White, 77, 178. Water-leaf, Appendaged, 132, 241. Broad-leaved, 179, 286. Virginia, 156, 267. INDEX Water Lily, Andrew's, 462. Arethusa, 462. Aurora, 462. Canary, 463- Cape Cod, 464. Ellis', 462. Gladstone's, 462. Helvola, 464. Laydeker's, 462. Marliac's, 463. Marliac's, Firy 463. Marliac's Flaming, 463. Marliac's Flesh-colored, 463. Marliac's Pink, 463. Pink Tuberous, 464. Purest White, 462. Richardson's Tuberous White, 464. Robinson's, 464. Seignoreti's, Small White, Sweet-scented, 463. Tawny, 462. Tuberous White, 464. White, 461. Yellow, 462. Water Nymph, 463. Water Shield, 458. Whiteweed, Large- flowered, 172, 281, 448. Whorlflower, 217, 324. Widow's Cross, 246, 343. Willow, French, 228, 330, 398. Willow Herb, Great, 228, 330, 398. White Great, 177, 282, 379. Wind Flower, 412, 439. Windflower, Apennine, 48, 142. Windflower, Blue Winter, 51, 142. Carolina, 43, 127. Japanese, 431, 446; illus. 430. Snowdrop. See Snowdrop W. Wintergreen, 284, 380. Chickweed, 94. Flowering, 125, 231. Round-leaved, 187, 290. Wistaria, Loose-clustered, 485. Wistaria Chinensis, 485; illus. 478. Wistaria Chinensis var. albiflora, 485. Wistaria Chinensis var. multijuga, 485. Wistaria, consequana, 485. Wistaria grandiflora, 485. Wistaria multijuga, 485. Wistaria polystachya, 485. Wistaria Sinensis, 485. Wolfsbane, Autumn, 345, 410, 438. Pale Yellow, 294, 384, 421. Stork's Purple, 345, 410. Wolves'-thistle, 376. Wood Anemone, u, 71. Robinson's, 51. Yellow, 24, 96. Woodbine, Fragrant, 482. Wood Fern, Evergreen, 486. Goldie's, 486. Marginal Shield, 486. Spinulose, 486. Wood Forget-me-not, 153, 258; illus. 259. Alpine, 153, 261. White, 81, 183. Wood Hyacinth, 160, 373. Lilac, 140, 246. Nodding, 126, 232. Wood Hyacinth, Pink, 126, 232. White, oo, 189. Woodruff, Galium-like, 168, 277. Sweet, 75, 168. Woodsia, Rusty, 488. Woodsia Ilyensis, 488. Woodwardia angustifolia, 488. Wormwood, Roman, 473. Wound wort, Large- flowered, 249, 344. Woolly, 249, 344. Xanthorrhiza apiifolia, 476. Xerophyllum asphodeloides, 95, 194. Xerophyllum setifolium, 95, 194. Yarrow, 293. Egyptian, 293, 384, 421. Red, 321, 394, 428. Siberian, 274, 375, 416. Yellow Lily, Canada, 469. European, 461. Wild, 268, 370, 452, 469. Yucca filamentosa, 194, 293, 457; illus. 192. var. filamentosa bicolor. Yucca, Thready. See Yucca filamen- tosa. Yucca tomentosa, 491. Zanthorhiza apiifolia, 476. Zauschneria Calif ornica, 397. 43 1. Zinnia elegans, 490. Zizania aquatica, 465. Zizea aurea, 36, 113. Zygadenus, Poisonous, 471. Zygadenus venenosus, 471. OFTHt UNIVERSITY 5,6 THIS BOOK IS DUE ON THE LAST DATE STAMPED BELOW AN INITIAL FINE OF 25 CENTS WILL BE ASSESSED FOR FAILURE TO RETURN THIS BOOK ON THE DATE DUE. THE PENALTY WILL INCREASE TO 5O CENTS ON THE FOURTH DAY AND TO $1.OO ON THE SEVENTH DAY OVERDUE. YO 1601 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY