CRPT QH 71 .1314 F43g 1921 Field Museum of Natural History FOUNDED BY MARSHALL FIELD, 1893 GENERAL GUIDE CHICAGO, U. S. A. MAY, 1921 Field Museum of Natural History FOUNDED BY MARSHALL FIELD, 1893 GENERAL GUIDE CHICAGO, U. S. A. MAY, 1921 OFFICERS STAm^EY Field, President Martin A. Ryerson, First Vice-President Watson F. Blair, Second Vice-President Albert A. Sprague, Third Vice-President D. C. Davies, Secretary George Manierre, Assistant Secretary Solomon A. Smith, Treasurer BOARD OF TRUSTEES Edward E. Ayer Watson F. Blair John Borden William J. Chalmers Richard T. Crane, Jr. Marshall Field Stanley Field Albert W. Harris Arthur B. Jones Chauncey Keep George Manierre Cyrus H. McCormick Martin A. Ryerson James Simpson Solomon A. Smith Albert A. Sprague William Wrigley, Jr. 2 STAFF OF THE MUSEUM Actinir Director D. C. Davies Department of AnthropoloffT’ Berthold Laufer, Curator Charles L. Owen, Assistant Curator Division of Archceology Fay-Cooper Cole, Assistant Curator Physical Anthropology and Malayan Ethnology Albert B. Lewis, Assistant Curator of African and Melanesian Ethnology J. Alden Mason, Assistant Curator of Mexican and So. American Archceology Helen C. Gunsaulus, Assistant Curator of Japanese Ethnology Department of Botany Charles F. Millspaugh, Curator B. E. Dahlgren, Assistant Curator Economic Botany Department of Geolo^ry Oliver C. Farrington, Curator H. W. Nichols, Assistant Curator Elmer S. Riggs, Assistant Curator of Paleontology Department of Zoology Charles B. Cory, Curator Wilfred H. Osgood, Assistant Curator of Mammalogy and Ornithology William J. Gerhard, Assistant Curator of Entomology Edmond N. Gueret, Assistant Curator of Osteology R. Magoon Barnes, Assistant Curator of Oology Alfred C. Weed, Assistant Curator of Ichthyology and Herpetology The N. W. Harris Public School Fxtension S. C. Simms, Curator Auditor Becorder Benj. Bridge H. F. Ditzel Bibrary Elsie Lippincott, Librarian Emily M. Wilcoxson, Assistant Librarian 3 ANTHROPOLOGY FIRST FLOOR INDEX TO HALLS 2 — Egyptian and Classical Archaeology — Edward E. Ayer Hall. 3 — Eskimo and Northwest Coast of America — Mary D. Sturges Hall. 4 — Salish, Plateau, and Woodland Tribes, North American Archaeology. 5 — Indian Tribes af the Great Plains. 6 — California and Nomadic Tribes of Arizona and New Mexico. 7 — Sedentary Tribes of Arizona and New Mexico. 8 — Mexico, Central and South America. 9 — Philippine Islands. 10 — Melanesia, South Pacific — Joseph N. Field Hall. 13 — Horned and Hoofed Mammals — George M. Pullman Hall, 15 — Mammals — Systematic. 16 — American Mammals — Habitat Groups. 17 — Osteology — Skeletons. 18 — Fishes, Reptiles, Marine Fauna. 19 — Shells — Insects. 20 — Birds — Habitat Groups. 21 — Birds — Systematic. 22 — African Game Animals. 4 ZOOLOGY SECOND FLOOR INDEX TO HALLS 23 — Chinese Paintings and Screens. 24 — China. 25 — Plant Economics. 26 — North American Trees. 27 — Foreign Woods. 28 — Plant Life. 29 — Plant Economics. 31 — Gems and Jewels — H. N. Higinbotham Hall. 32 — Africa, Siberia, Japan, Korea, India, Java, and Tibet. 33 — Japanese Prints and Paintings — Frank W. Gnnsaulus Hall. 34 — Systematic Minerals, Meteorites, Physical Geology. 35 — Relief Maps, Systematic Rocks, Physical Geology. 36 — Petroleum, Coal, Clays. 37 — Ores of Precious and Base Metals, Marbles, Alkalies — Frederick J. V. Skiff Hall. 38 — Historical Geology. 5 GEOLOGY GENERAL GUIDE TO THE COLLECTIONS INTRODUCTION This handbook is designed to serve as a general guide to the collections in the Museum. Field Museum of Natural History was established in 1893 at the close of the World’s Columbian Exposition. The founding of a scientific institution of this character in Chi- cago was made possible by a gift of $1,000,000 by Marshall Field (whose name the institution bears), and who on his death, January 16, 1906, bequeathed the institution a further sum of $8,000,000, of which $4,000,000 was designated to be used for the erection of a building and $4,000,000 for endowment. The Museum is incorporated under State Law and its active control rests in the Board of Trustees, with President, Secretary, Treasurer, etc. The executive of the Museum is the Director, under whom there are five head Curators with divisional Assistant Curators, Preparators, etc. The building now occupied by the Museum is 350 feet wide and 700 feet long. There are four floors, two of which are devoted to exhibition purposes, while the ground and third floors are used as working space for the scientific and mainte- nance staff. The main central hall rises to the entire height of the building, the rest of the structure being divided into floors. The exterior, of Georgia white marble, is about eighty feet high and is treated in a monumental manner based on Greek architecture of the Ionic order. The principal fronts are divided into a large pedimented central pavilion with two long wings terminated by a smaller pavilion at each end. One of the principal features of the structure is a terrace, about forty feet wide, which completely surrounds the building and rises about six feet above the adjacent territory. In this structure, the architects, Graham, Anderson, Probst & White, have given to the City of Chicago and the country a masterpiece of monumental building having dis- tinction and dignity commensurate with its purpose and origin. The sculptural decoration of the main hall, dedicated to Mr. Stanley Field, the President of the institution, includes four figures designed by Mr. Henry Hering. These figures symbolize the aims and purposes of the Museum and suggest the various activities inspired within its walls. The - figures flanking the north archway represent Natural Science and the Dissemination of Knowledge, those at the south archway typify Research and Record. 6 STANLEY FIELD HALL Occupying the Nave of the Building The exhibits in Stanley Field Hall are intended to con- vey an impression of the activities of the Museum as a whole and to serve as an introduction to the systematic collections assembled in the exhibition halls. In the center of the hall are two African Elephants mounted in fighting attitude. They were secured on a Museum expedition to British East Africa in 1906. Case 1. Prehistoric American gold ornaments from Colombia and Ecuador, South America. Case 2. Ancient Roman bronze bathtub, from Boscoreale, Italy. Case 3. Ancient Roman bronze bathtub, from Bosco- reale, Italy. Case 4. Synoptic exhibit of jade carvings from ancient Mexico, New Zealand, and China. Case 5. Marine Fauna. Various types of beautiful and characteristic marine animals, as sponges, precious corals, sea urchins, and shells. Case 6. Ancient bronze table and other bronze and glass objects from Boscoreale, Italy. Case 7. Select specimens of Chinese art, as represented by ancient ceramics, bronze, and cloisonne enamel. Case 8. Gold and silver jewelry from India. Case 9. Amber and Amber-like Resins. This case, to- gether with two others in Hall 29, Department of Botany, contains the finest collections of amber-like resins known. Case 10. Large Meteorite. An iron meteorite weighing 3,275 pounds, which fell near Tonopah, Nevada. It was found in 1908. It ranks tenth in size among known mete- orites. Case 11. Bronze castings and carvings of wood and ivory from Benin, Africa. Case 12. Plant Models and Reproductions. This case contains a few models showing details of plant form and 7 structure together with some life-like reproductions of plants. These form an important feature of the installations in Hall 29 of the Department of Botany, where an appreciable be- ginning has been made toward the illustration, in this man- ner, of types of the entire plant kingdom on its main divi- sions. These models are produced in the Museum labora- tories. Case 13. Varieties of Quartz. The remarkable range of colors and forms of this mineral is illustrated. Case 14. Vertebrate and Invertebrate Fossils. Fossils from some of the more recent geologic periods are shown. They include a mounted skeleton of an extinct saber-tooth tiger, a fossil fish, and some beautifully preserved fossil am- monites, all from localities in the western United States. Case 15. American Horned Owl and Cottontail Rabbit. Our most rapacious bird surprised with its prey in the soli- tude of a winter landscape. Case 16. Decorative art of New Guinea, as exemplified by string bags, wood-carvings, and shell-work. Case 17. Metalliferous Minerals. Minerals which are compounds of some of the important metals, such as copper, lead, zinc, and iron, are displayed, the specimens chosen being especially those which are strongly colored, in order to illus- trate the colors often characteristic of these compounds. Case 18. American Red Fox. The common fox of east- ern North America is shown suddenly arrested in his hunting and listening with interest to the sound of quarreling mice under a log. Case 19. Birds of Paradise. Selected examples of the most curiously and gorgeously plumaged group of birds from the distant islands of New Guinea. Case 20. Basketry from the Indian tribes of California. Case 21. Buckskin costume, bags, and war bonnet from the Indian tribes of the Great Plains. Case 22. Blankets of the Navaho, Arizona and New Mexico. At the south end of the hall are a Chinese honorary gateway carved from teakwood and two pottery wine-jars of Roman times and also examples of the N. W. Harris Public School Extension cases. 8 DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY Halls 2-10, First Foor Halls 23, 24, 32 and 33, Second Floor Hall 2: Edward E. Ayer Hall. Egyptian and Classical Archaeology. — The north section of this hall is taken up by antiquities from ancient Egypt, notably pottery, bronze, marble and alabaster vases, figures of deities in bronze and stone, portrait statues, tomb tablets, charms, jewelry, and ushehti figures, with seventeen cases containing coffins and mummies ranging from the pre-dynastic to the Roman period. Etruscan, Greek, and Roman antiquities occupy the south portion of the hall. Hall 3: Mary D. Sturges Hall. Eskimo and Tribes of the Northwest Coast of America. — Eskimo culture is illus- trated in its wide geographical range extending along the Arctic shores of America from Labrador to northeastern Siberia. The dependence of the Eskimo on hunting and fish- ing is well brought out, being particularly elucidated by four life-size groups showing the chase and capture of the seal, preparation of skins, and winter fishing through a hole in the ice. The east section of the hall is given over to the Indian tribes of the Northwest Coast in the following order; Tlingit, Tsimshian, Haida, and Kwakiutl. The religious and ceremonial aspect of life, which dominates the activities of these peoples, is well represented, notably in three life-size groups picturing several stages in the Hamatsa dance of the Kwakiutl. Hall 4: Salish and Woodland Tribes. Plateau Tribes and North American Archaeology. — Beginning at the east end, the exhibits in this hall connect with those at the east end of Mary D. Sturges Hall. This section is occupied by the Salish tribes. The true Salish groups are introduced by a life-size group of their home life and industries. A single case illustrating the life of the northern Athapascans of the Yukon Valley deserves special mention because of the excellence of the garments and the decoration in porcupine- quill work. West from the center of the room, the Wood- land tribes are prefaced by two miniature villages charac- terizing the summer and winter life of the Sauk and Fox. Hall 5 ; Indian Tribes of the Great Plains. — In accordance with the culture of this widely diffused stock of tribes, which is swayed by the hunt of the buffalo and the preparation of hide and buckskin, the center of this hall is dominated by a 9 large, original tipi. Extensive collections of clothing, buffalo robes, hide bags, pouches, beadwork, porcupine-quill work, shields, weapons, feather ornaments, games, and objects of ceremonial use, are shown from nearly all Plains tribes. Their principal religious observances are typified by two altars of the Sun Dance — one of the Cheyenne, the other of the Arapaho; further, by miniature groups of the Thunder Ceremony, the sacrifice of a captive maiden, the animal dance of a medicine man, and the purification of the sacred bundles on the part of the Pawnee. Hall 6: Indian Tribes of California and Nomadic Tribes of Arizona and New Mexico. — The California tribes occupy the west half of the hall, being adequately represented by exhibits of ordinary and ceremonial costume, dance skirts and aprons, ornaments, implements, weapons, baskets, and games. Life-size figures of two Porno medicine men, one conjuring seed, another holding a ceremony over the deceased, stand in the west entrance of the hall. A remarkable collection of Navaho blankets is on view in the southeast section of the hall. Hall 7: Sedentary Tribes of Arizona and New Mexico. — The chief representative of this group are the Hopi of Ari- zona, whose religious and ceremonial life is brought out with great care and detail. At the west entrance are placed a life-size group showing the interior of a Hopi home with various domestic pursuits, the figure of a Hopi bride, and a Hopi boomerang thrower, followed by two life-size groups representing Katcina dancers in costume. Accurate repro- ductions of Hopi altars, as erected in the yearly ceremonies of the tribe, are displayed in thirteen cases. Models of the pueblos of Walpi and Hano also are noteworthy. The series of Hopi tihus (images representing deities and given to girls) is no less remarkable and instructive. Hall 8: Mexico, Central and South America. — The collec- tions displayed in this hall illustrate both the ethnology and the archaeology of the Indians of all America south of the United States. The ethnological material, chiefly coming from South America, is installed in the southwest part of the hall. On the opposite side, in the northwest section, are found the collections illustrating the archaeology of Mexico. Antiquities of Central America are displayed in the south- east portion. The archaeology of Peru and Argentina is shown mainly in the northeast section. This group is of exceptional interest, consisting mainly of mummies and fine textiles from the prehistoric graveyard at Ancon, Peru. 10 Hall 9: Ethnology of the Philippines. — The collections in this hall, gathered between 1906 and 1911 by three mem- bers of the staif, Wm. Jones (deceased), S. C. Simms, and F. C. Cole, under an endowment provided by the late Robert F. Cummings, are so arranged as to emphasize the outstand- ing characteristics of the principal pagan groups throughout the Archipelago. Comprehensive exhibits illustrate the eco- nomic and ceremonial life of the Tinguian. A miniature village of this people stands at the entrance of the room, while a life-size group pictures their most noteworthy indus- try— the forging of headaxes and spear-points. The Igorot are represented in the center of the hall. Of special interest are two groups — one, a miniature village illustrating the daily life and activities of the people; the other, a life-size group showing the making of pottery. Suits of armor, can- non, and other weapons from the Moro, are worthy of par- ticular attention. The west third of the hall is given over to the pagan tribes of the southern island. Hall 10: Joseph N. Field Hall. Melanesia, South Pacific. — This hall contains general ethnographical material from Melanesia and New Guinea, chiefly obtained by the Joseph N. Field Expedition (1909-13) in charge of A. B. Lewis. At the north end are collections from New Britain and New Ireland, including large ceremonial masks and elaborately carved wooden figures. Next come New Hanover and St. Matthias with their peculiar types of decorated spears, clubs, clothing, and ornaments. The Admiralty Islands are repre- sented by large wooden bowls, baskets, drums, carved figures, ornamented weapons, clothing, and ornaments. The central part of the hall is occupied by New Guinea, the most striking feature being four large feather masks from Hansa Bay. Next come the island groups of the Solomons, New Hebrides, New Caledonia, and Fiji. On the west side of the hall are a few cases with material from some small coral islands situated north of the Solomon Group. These show the exten- sive use of bone and shell implements, and looms for the weaving of small fine mats. Hall 24, East Gallery, second floor : China, — The collec- tions from China, secured by the Blackstone Expedition (1908- 10) in charge of B. Laufer, are intended to illustrate the development of Chinese civilization from its beginning till the present time. There are two main divisions: the ancient, original culture of China prior to the intrusion of Buddhism (Cases 1-27), and Buddhistic China, as influenced and modi- fied by religious and artistic currents coming from India (from third century a.d. onward; Cases 28-45). In each 11 di\ision, the principle of arrangement of the material is strictly chronological, starting from the south and running to the north end of the hall. A remarkable collection of models of Chinese pagodas, made by Chinese orphans in the Jesuit Institution of Sicca- wei, is shown on the south gallery. Hall 32, West Gallery, second floor. — A third of this hall, beginning at the south end, is occupied by exhibits illustrat- ing the ethnology of Africa (Cases 1-22), in particular the art of ancient Benin. The center of the hall is occupied by the culture of Japan (model of a pagoda, musical instru- ments, costume, armor, and an interesting set of dolls), East Siberia, Korea with a notable display of ofiicial and court- costume, India, Formosa, and Java represented by good examples of batik cloth. The north section of the hall har- bors the collections from Tibet (Cases 50-85), likewise se- cured by the Blackstone Expedition (1908-10). Weaving and textiles, clothing in a series of costumed figures, and jewelry are fully represented. Images, paintings, musical instru- ments, and other objects used for worship in the Lama* temples, are displayed in twelve cases. Hall 23 (at north end of East Gallery, second floor) contains selected examples of Chinese painting, tapestry, and screens. Hall 33: Frank W. Gunsaulus Hall (at north end of West Gallery, second floor) is devoted to a display of Japa- nese art, pre-eminently a painted screen of the Tosa school and a selected exhibit of Japanese prints (Surimono, cards of greeting for special occasions), presented by Miss Helen C. Gunsaulus in memory of her father. DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY Halls 25-29, Second Floor The installations in the halls of this department are designed to illustrate, as fully as possible, the forms of plant life and the products yielded by vegetation for the use of man. Hall 25: Plant Eiconomics. — The cases in this hall are a continuation of those in Hall 29, beyond. They show the principal plant products of the great families of the pines, the grasses and the palms. Here may be seen the products of the cereal grasses and the uses to which they may be 12 applied: Indian corn, sug^ar, cereals of all countries and vari- eties, starches, liquors, papers, fibers, etc. Among the pine products will be found a full representation of turpentine orcharding (both conservative and destructive), paper mak- ing, and other utilizations, also edible nuts, fibers and cone forms in great variety. Among the palms may be seen a comprehensive exhibit of fibers and oil nuts, their useful character and application to arts and industries. Hall 26: North American Trees. — ^The cases in this hall present monographic displays of the trees of North America. They show: first the trunks in size ratio throughout; the tree in summer and winter; the wood in plain, quartered and figured boards; a branch in leaf and fiower; a map, colored to show the area of distribution; and a descriptive label giving such other knowledge of each species as the specimens themselves fail to convey. Hall 27: Foreign Woods. — The cases in this hall are grouped geographically and contain specimens of the woods and timbers of Russia, Corea, Japan, Formosa, Australia, Philippines, Ceylon, India, Johore, Jamaica, Trinidad and various countries of Central and South America. The speci- mens are so prepared as to give as full an idea of their character and grain as possible. The Japanese series is the most valuable and comprehensive ever brought together. Hall 28: Plant Life. — Beginning at the left of the en- trance this hall embraces plant life from the bacteria to the highest fiowering plants. The main illustrative specimens are reproductions of typical plants in each natural group or family. Microscopic plants are represented as if seen through a microscope. Details of structure are shown en- larged. Fruits, seeds and other specimens further illustrate botanical characters and relationships. Hall 29: Plant Economics. — The cases in this hall (con- tinued through Hall 25) contain the products yielded by the plants exhibited in Hall 28. Here may be observed series of such interesting and useful products as cotton, linen, paper, lacquer, dyes, tanning substances, starches, sugars, gums, oils, crude drugs and other plant products; the whole with the descriptive labels comprising an encyclopedia of plants illustrated by natural objects. Third Floor: The Herbaria. — ^Three large collections, comprising over 500,000 specimens of mounted plants, are installed in rooms over Hall 25. These are accessible to those persons specially interested in botany. 13 DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY Halls 34-38, Second Floor Hall 34: Systematic Minerals, Meteorites, Physical Geol- ogy.— This hall contains minerals, meteorites, and a part of a collection illustrating physical geology. In the systematic collection of minerals are to be found typical specimens of all the important mineral species, about five thousand specimens being shown. Many of them are of great beauty, besides pos- sessing much scientific interest. The William J. Chalmers crystal collection is a valuable feature of this exhibit. The meteorite collection contains specimens of nearly all known meteorite falls, being in this respect the largest in the world. Many of the individual specimens are of unique value and interest. An especially large collection of Canyon Diablo meteorites is shown. In the portion of the hall devoted to collections illustrating physical geology, two large, glaciated rocks, other illustrations of glacial phenomena and a great variety of concretions may be seen. Hall 35: Physical Geology, Lithology, Relief Maps. — Vol- canic products, cave formations, fulgurites, dendrites, folded and faulted rocks, ripple marks, etc., are among the geological phenomena illustrated here. Following these, a systematic collection of rocks, numbering about one thousand specimens, affords an opportunity for a study of the important varieties of the chief constituents of the earth’s crust. In the western end of the hall are exhibited about sixty relief maps and models showing the topography and structure of selected por- tions of the earth’s surface. These include representations of well-known scenic areas, such as Yosemite Valley, Niagara Falls, the Grand Canyon of the Colorado, the Natural Bridge of Virginia, etc., and also illustrate the relief of several States and other political divisions. Hall 36: Petroleum, Coal, Clays. — In this hall there are shown many varieties and products of petroleum, asphalt, coal, clays, sands and soils. Both raw materials and products are shown. The large variety of products obtained from coal tar is quite fully illustrated in one case, and a model of the original petroleum refinery built by John D. Rockefeller in Cleveland, Ohio, in 1863 is shown. A model of the Chandler iron mine, Minnesota, is exhibited in this hall. The large collection containing varieties of clays is accompanied by briquettes which illustrate the characters of the burned prod- ucts of most of the specimens. A model of a peat bog accom- panies the collection of peat and its products. 14 Hall 37: Frederick J. V. Skiff Hall. Ores, Marbles, Alka- lies.— This hall contains ores of the precious and base metals, marbles and building stones and various non-metallic minerals which are used for abrasive, refractory and numerous other industrial purposes. Beginning at the east end of the hall, there are shown, first, synoptic collections of gold, silver and lead ores, then collections of these ores geographically ar- ranged. Following these are ores of the other metals simi- larly disposed. Instructive models illustrating methods of mining and extracting the metals from the ores are inter- spersed am.ong these exhibits, as are also illustrations of some metallurgical processes. The collection of marbles is remarkable for its completeness and the large size of the specimens, thus enabling the characteristic colors and pat- terns of each variety to be seen. A number of varieties of building stones from a wide range of localities are shown and the exhibit of non-metallic minerals and their products presents many interesting features. Hall 38: Historical Geology. — The collections illustrate historical geology and paleontology and are so arranged that, beginning at the south end of the hall, the forms of life which have characterized successive stages of the earth’s history are illustrated in order from the earliest up to recent times. Thus the fossils which represent the life forms of each geological period may be found in the portion of the hall corresponding in position to that period in time. Begin- ning with two introductory cases, one, illustrating methods of fossilization, and the other, comparisons of ancient and modern plants and animals, the fossils of the Age of Inverte- brates, Age of Fishes, Age of Reptiles, Age of Mammals and Age of Man are shown successively. Especially note- worthy exhibits include a partial skeleton of the huge dino- saur, Apatosaurus, from Colorado, a very large skull of the hooded dinosaur, Triceratops, a mounted skeleton of the extinct ungulate. Allops, shown partially imbedded, complete skeletons of the Mastodon, Cave Bear and Irish Deer, and several skeletons or parts of skeletons from the asphalt beds of Los Angeles, California. DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY Halls 13, 15-22, First Floor Hall 13: George M. Pullman Hall. Horned and Hoofed Mammals. — This hall, running north and south and imme- diately west of Stanley Field Hall, is devoted to horned and 15 hoofed mammals — game animals from all parts of the world. In the north end is a large habitat group of Alaska Moose and thence southward are various representatives of the deer family, the antelopes, gazelles, wild sheep, goats, and oxen, terminating at the south end of the hall with the Bison and Musk Ox. Hall 15: Mammals-Systematic. — This hall is at the right of the main north entrance to the Museum and is entered by passing through the north end of Pullman Hall. With the exception of those represented in Pullman Hall, it con- tains members of the principal groups of mammals of the world arranged so far as practicable according to their rela- tionships. Beginning with the lower forms, the monotremes or egg-laying mammals of Australia and the pouched mam- mals or marsupials, it successively shows various groups, as the horse family, the tapirs, sea-cows, rodents, cat family, dog family, and terminates with the highest mammals, the monkeys and manlike apes. In the northwest corner of the hall is a large habitat group of American beavers. Hall 16: American Mammals — Habitat Groups. — Hall 16, next on the south from Hall 15, contains ten habitat groups of North American large mammals. From east to west, these are as follows: Virginia Deer in the four seasons. Spring, Summer, Autumn, and Winter; Stone’s Mountain Sheep; Polar Bear; Musk Ox; Prongbuck; Sonora Grizzly Bear; American Bison. Hall 17 : Osteology-Skeletons. — Contains skeletons of the principal vertebrates or backboned animals. These include fishes, frogs and their relatives, birds, and mammals. At the right of the east entrance are the lower forms, fishes, etc., and at the left are the higher apes and man. In the center toward the west end is the huge skeleton of a right whale. Hall 18: Fishes, Reptiles, Marine Fauna. — The east half of this hall is devoted to fishes and reptiles and the v/est half to marine invertebrates. The fishes are arranged in two series, one showing representatives of the principal orders and families of fishes and another showing habitat groups and special collections of Atlantic and Pacific food and game fishes and Chicago market fishes. The invertebrates include many of the myriad forms of life found in the sea, corals, crinoids, sponges, sea urchins, star fishes, crustaceans, and many others. 16 Hall 19: Shells -Insects. — A very large collection of land and marine shells is housed here. Some 30,000 specimens are shown arranged according to their relationships. At the western end of the hall are several cases of insects, one containing poisonous insects, tarantulas, centipedes, scorpions and allied forms, and another containing enlarged models illustrating the life history of the silk worm. Hall 20: Birds-Habitat Groups. — Eighteen bird groups with painted backgrounds are shown here, mostly in four large sectional cases with four groups to each case. Con- spicuous among them are groups of Northern Loon, Golden Eagle, California Condor, Whooping Crane, Wild Turkey, Pelican, and Flamingo. Hall 21: Birds-Systematic. — A systematically arranged collection of birds including representatives of the more im- portant orders and families. Cases on the north side of the hall are devoted to North American birds and those on the south side to birds of foreign countries. Hall 22: African Game Animals. — This, the largest hall, occupies the entire western end of the building. In the northern half are groups of large African mammals collected and prepared by C. E. Akeley — Koodoos, Zebras, Buffaloes, and various antelopes. In the southern half are other ante- lopes, Wart-hogs, Hyaenas, and a collection of large apes, mostly Gorillas and Chimpanzees, but also including a group of Bornean Orangs and of Proboscis Monkeys. H. N. HIGINBOTHAM HALL Hall 31: Gems and Jewels. — Second floor, at head of staircase leading from the south end of Stanley Field HalL This hall contains large and valuable collections of gems and jewels of both ancient and modem origin. In the five central cases of the hall are shown examples of nearly every known gem, represented both by cut and uncut specimens. Many of the specimens are of historical interest and of high intrinsic value. Special note may be made of the DeVrees engraved diamond, the Hope and Tiffany aqua- marines, the Russian topazes, the series of cut amethysts and the Sun God opal. A valuable collection of crystallized and wire gold and of gold nuggets may also be seen here. 17 The nine wall-cases contain Egyptian and classical jewelry, Greek and Roman cameos and intaglios, Algerian and Bulgarian jewelry, a remarkable collection of jewelry from India, and prehistoric American gold ornaments. THE N. W. HARRIS PUBLIC SCHOOL EXTENSION OF FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY In addition to the collections in the Museum, the scope of the institution is extended by means of maintaining a sys- tem of Museum Extension to the Public Schools of Chicago. This was accomplished through the benefaction of the late Norman Wait Harris, who provided an endowment of $250,000, the income from which is utilized for this purpose. This endowment has been supplemented by a contribution of $25,000 from the heirs of the Harris Estate. The cases prepared for this work, numbering over 600, are circulated to the public schools of Chicago by means of a motor car, especially designed for the purpose. Four examples of these cases are exhibited at the south end of Stanley Field Hall. GENERAL INFORMATION LOCATION The Museum is situated in Grant Park with the main entrance facing Roosevelt Road extended east. The Illinois Central main and suburban station at Park Row is within two blocks of the Museum. Street car and elevated lines on Wabash Avenue or State Street to Roosevelt Road also provide transportation to within a few blocks of the Museum. HOURS AND RULES OF ADMISSION The Museum is open daily from 10:00 a. m. to 4:00 p. m. On Sundays, Thursdays and Saturdays admission is free. On other days an admission fee of 25c is charged. Children Free. Students, professors and teachers in attend- ance at any recognized University, College, School or Institute are admitted free upon presentation of proper credentials. No return admission checks are issued. 18 CHECKING Canes, umbrellas and parcels must be checked at the entrances. A fee of 5c is charged for this service. INFORMATION Information concerning the Museum and its activities may be obtained at the main entrance, where the Scientific Publications of the Museum, Guides, Photographs and Pic- ture Post Cards are sold. THE LIBRARY The Library is open for reference daily except Sundays. The Library contains approximately 70,000 volumes and pamphlets. TELEPHONE A Public Telephone will be found to the east of the Main Entrance. PHOTOGRAPHS Copies of many photographs made by the Museum pho- tographer are on sale at the main entrance. Photographing and sketching in the Museum are per- mitted under certain restrictions, details of which may be obtained upon application at the Director’s office. RESEARCH COLLECTIONS The research collections and laboratories of the Museum are established on the third floor. They are not open to the general public, but may be consulted by students, specialists, and investigators upon request to the Curators in charge. MEMBERSHIPS Life members who contribute ------- $500.00 Associate members who contribute ------ 100.00 Sustaining members who contribute annually - - 25.00 Annual members who contribute annually - - - - 10.00 19 COLONIAL PRESS, CHICAGO