_ iim oo0040b87449 < f EO ‘ \ | 1] we Ava P Din’ Jur OO Taye ya y ‘ho ei. * s? ey rie ee ae io i +4 PPP yi, hee eee Lo fre yee a) 1) * a a Nel ay i ee), ae Bet V3 ; oH) a WEP A bs pian eee oy! i] if ss wat iv i ti , “1 by + i ‘id Cb SEPP Ly toro aaa ae > 7 eli 7 ie ay fee: 4 EN mA } vi ner df fe ye ‘ 7 —_ LLY p ‘ Te pest aries Me Lay iv Ay Obs a unt, WOON ar: ie ony i, i 1 ’ 7) ¥ "iy : A d ’ Wi uy ol f i iy | oath) aes ia * ] J 5 f : ‘ Oyy) hiv f fiL- ’ : ) ’ vy ws * : i i a s ; on iif f j i ; EN Mia 4 Pe ea A i ne Eat dun , any Munk re Y Af ay A a a . "es \ ; ei . Luh tits ‘it " yA ’ ? hy wh ) i 7 \ fh iN / a y Mis nA yA 8 iy ROR nS oe Wee A ip’ vir, ol 1 f 7 “en! aes r ( yy An, 4 i 4 » j (ee Ve Py Si (Aca han t fae a ONT ‘ =m | j An y oe - ny i yi ni imine - [ 7 ? Wy ; vi u i , ‘ f - nA : i ’ j vat eA ta fr i 1 f h t ht r \) : 1 ve ? ’ i +} ite ot . Ore aU aed ee em a aD a pe keen a hi wes! ™ ‘ ry aL j Na 4 ie : is , Mi win b ‘ | Mi i Ue r f ; ; ‘ ” . hi fi Ble A i ah Dt HATERS aP y Me , ; Ci Saag aK a A ‘ iy Ae a? ee up A yt Sa ' a aay i. A cea ue Afar wage oe . ri ae ome pit oa pa Pa ea Mi Ke i. a Nl bs re ue Baek oh Ry en ee i ie ? ri 7 He, “UOISstLIOd PUT SH TILA ‘snes puntupy Aq SuyMMg PAooYLASeW of} WOT poonpo.adayy “YIIOLIO THE GENTLEMAN'S DOG, HIS Rearing, Training and Treatment. By C. A. Bryce, A. M., M. D., EDITOR OF THE SOUTHERN CLINIC; AUTHOR BRYCE’S PRACTICE OF MEDICINE, ETC. RICHMOND, VA. SOUTHERN CLINIC PRINT 1909, ee Qe 16.1909 , 246923 PREFACE. ANY men never have known the pleasure p of being loved by man’s best friend. They consequently have never learned to love this faith- ful animal friend—the truest on earth to man. They are like the poor fellow with the muck rake who was so busy enriching himself with the foul products of earth that he could not see the mellow rays of an evening sunset nor inhale the fragrance of the violet at his feet. Poor fellow, he never owned nor loved a dog, nor would a decent dog have cared for his love. But the Almighty certainly created the dog for companionship with mankind, and true to his instinets, he will return tenfold in love and_ loyalty JE PREFACE. all we can do for him. But in the parlance of the Old Virginia Gentleman, he must be treated like a white man, and that means something more than erusts and kicks and sleeping on the ash-pile. This little book is intended to fill a want yet un- filled, as many dog books as we have, for it teaches how to eare for, train and treat the diseases of your bird dog, and does not keep you constantly buying dog foods and dog remedies, but tells you what to get, how to prepare and how to use remedies after you have prepared them. It is written by a dog lover, a dog owner, a huntsman and a medical doctor, and it is what you need. Tuer AvrHor. To the memory of my dear friend, HUNTER, who has given me many happy days afield, this little book is lovingly dedicated. Copyrighted 1909 by C. A. Bryce, M. D. THE GENTLEMAN'S DOG. CHARACTER AND DISPOSITION. WW “y we will devote a little space to the consideration of EFORE entering upon the important subject 1S of training the bird dog for active field work the natural tendencies and disposition of all bird dogs, and the peculiar idiosyncrasies of many indi- vidual dogs of their classes. We would also urge upon our readers the importance of knowing their own dispositions and weaknesses before undertaking to train so sensitive an animal as a thorough bred pointer or setter. While all dogs have certain instincts and traits in common, they are individually as different in temp- erament and peculiarities as men. 10 THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. There is no one who has read even the little story books of childhood days who has not had instances without number of the dog’s fidelity and love im- pressed upon his mind. Cases in which dogs have starved to death while watching over the graves of their departed friends are numerous; and the many rescues of persons from drowning and fire where the faithful animal has, regardless of suffering, saved the little child who has gained his love are familiar to all. These examples show that the dog possesses in a high degree the qualities of love, devotion, intelli- gence and courage; and with such qualities one can train and perfect a faithful servant and warm heart- ed companion that will prove more sincere than any human being usually met with outside of the imme- diate family circle. Possibly the best all-around tribute to the dog’s good qualities may be found in Senator Vest’s elo- quent speech before a jury in a western court some years ago when a brute of a man was being tried for killing a faithful dog. If you have never read it, it will be worth the price of this book; and if you have read it, it will not hurt you to read it again and again. THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. li Senator Vest, of Missouri, was attending court in a country town, and while waiting for the trial of a ease in which he was interested, he was urged by the attorneys in a dog case to help them. He was paid a fee of $250 by the plaintiff. Voluminous ev- idence was introduced to show that the defendant had shot the dog in malice, while other evidence went to show that the dog had attacked the defend- aut. Vest took no part in the trial and was not dis- posed tospeak. The attorneys, however, urged him to make a speech, else their client would not think he had earned his fee. Being thus urged, he arose, scanned the face of each juryman for a moment, and said: “Gentlemen of the Jury—The best friend a man has in the world may turn against him and become his enemy. His son or daughter that he has reared with loving care may prove ungrateful. Those who are nearest and dearest to us, those whom we trust with our happiness and our good name, may become traitors to their faith. The money that a man has he may lose. It flies away from him, perhaps, when he needs it most. A man’s reputation may be sac- p ¥ 12 THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. rificed in a moment of ill-considered action. The people who are prone to fall on their knees to do us honor when success is with us may be the first to throw the stone of malice when failure settles its cloud upon our heads. The one absolutely unselfish friend that man can have in this selfish world, the one that neverdeserts him, the one that never proves ungrateful or treacherous, is his dog. A man’s dog stands by him in prosperity and poverty, in health and in sickness. He will sleep on the cold ground, where the wintry winds blow, and the snow drives fiercely, if only he may be near his master’s side. He will kiss the hand that has no food to offer; he will lick the wounds and sores that come in encoun- ter with the roughness of the world. He guards the sleep of his pauper master as if he were a prince. When all other friends desert he remains. When riches take wings and reputation falls to pieces, he is as constant in his love as the sun in its journeys through the heavens. “If fortune drives the master forth an outcast in the world, friendless and homeless, the faithful dog asks no higher privilege than that of accompanying THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. 13 him, to guard against danger, to fight against his enemies. And when the last scene of all comes, and death takes the master in its embrace, and his body is laid away in the cold ground, no matter if all other friends pursue their way, there by the graveside will the noble dog be found, his head be- tween his paws, his eyes sad, but “open in alert watchfulness, faithful and true even in death.” Then Vest sat down. He had spoken in a low voice, without any gesture. He made no reference to the evidence or the merits of the case. When he finished, judge and jury were wiping their eyes. The jury filed out, but soon entered with a verdict in favor of the plaintiff for $500. He had sued for $900. It is even said that some of the jurors actu- ally wanted to hang the defendant. There may be a question as to why we have lim- ited the appellation of the Gentleman’s Dog in this little volume to the bird dog—the pointer and setter, We have no authority for thus classifying these dogs to the exclusion of the fox-hound and shepherd— both special favorites with everybody. But as we look back upon a memory picture of old Virginia, 14 THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. her gentlemen, and her dogs also, in their palmiest days, we cannot disassociate the bird dogs of ante- bellum days from those lordly old fellows known as Old Virginia Gentlemen! In “dem good ole days” when the plantation songs enlivened the labors of the hundreds of blacks as the goldeu harvests yielded to their cradles, and ‘ole marster” rode among them over his broad acres on his easy-going pacer he was almost always ac- companied by a brace of thorough-bred pointers. The poor white man and the free negro hunted “ole hyars and ’possums” with the hound; but the bloods of Virginia bird-hunted on thorough-bred horses and with dogs of pure blood likewise. With this picture of the past we still remember the bird dog as the Gentleman’s Dog! It would be unfair in us to leave our readers under the impression that these dogs were the prominent or principal dogs owned by gentlemen in those days, for nearly all wealthy gentlemen owned large packs of hounds and indulged in fox hunting extensively. So much was the sport endorsed and popularized that no one objected to the mad rush of dogs and horses THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. 15 over his fields and fences. Indeed when the hounds were heard coming in full cry, the negroes in the fields would often quit their work, open fences in advance of the approaching riders, unhitch the mules and horses from the plows and join in the chase along with their masters. So while we shall still take the bird dog for our theme, we say: Here’s to the Hound. HOW TO FEED THE PUPPY. NE of the most perplexing things the unin- itiated have to learn is how to feed the pup- py when he is taken from its mother. It is usually overdone, frequently too much in quantity and too little in the right articles for his developing age. The multitude of counsellors in the case of the puppy raiser is certainly without safety for the pup, however true it may be as regards the rest of the creatures of this sphere. One will tell you to be eareful and not let him have any meat or grease; another will caution you against milk for fear of worms So between the dangers of distemper, worms and scratches there may come the greater danger of letting your puppy die of inanition. THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. 17 Nothing prepares a puppy for any of the diseases mentioned better than gradual starvation under ignorant ideas of proper feeding. One of the most sensible replies that we ever received to a question of ours as to how we should feed and treat our little weanling of a setter who had a troublesome diarrhoea and looked generally miserable and unhappy, came back to us over the telephone from a level headed dog man as follows: “Doctor, treat him just like you would your little baby.” The most valuable remedy in the whole dog pharmacopoeia is common sense, and we advise our friends who wish to raise healthy and happy dogs to use their judgment and experience while listen- ing to the advice of others who know probably less about the dog than they do themselves. Puppies cannot all be subjected to the same line of treatment any more than children can, and this is the reason that the well-meant advice of our friends is so often actually harmful in individual cases. If you examine a dog’s teeth you will see that he was intended to be a meat eater, and from his con- 18 THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. formation it is evident that as he was not certain in primitive days of always getting his meat at regular times his capacity for taking a large meal, for enduring hunger, and for severe exertion was great. But this should also teach us a lesson that according to a dog’s needs should he be fed. The results would be quite different if we allowed the puppy with little exercise to gorge himself as the sinewy hungry dog does after a hard day’s work. One would be injured while the other be benefitted. The growing puppy requires an abundance of nourishing food rich in nerve and bone factors and a plentiful supply at all times of fresh, clean drink- ing water. The setter or in fact any of his class will drink a great quantity of water, and unless this is provided he will suffer for it and decline in health. In our days of civilization the dog, of course, has no longer to pursue game for his sup- port and consequently his exercise is not severe enough to demand that his food should be meat at all times. For this reason a mixed diet is best for the growing dog as well as the mature one. As a general rule the healthiest puppies are raised from THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. 19 the general scrappage from the family table, with occasionally some odds and ends from the butcher. It is safe to let a young dog eat whatever he finds in this table offal and just as much as he willhold. He ean have milk and meat, cooked and raw, in spite of all the ominous head shaking of the wise ones, and he will improve and grow fat and strong on it. I have raised some of the finest dogs I ever saw by giving them a start with raw meat, and keeping them fed plentifully on it for a week at a time until they ’ wanted something else, and then they would go ahead eating corn bread, mush and milk, and table offal, when before that they would not touch it, and would have starved if restricted to it. It is a good rule when your puppy gets off his food or off the ortho- dox food as you have been taught, to let him eat whatever he may prefer, whether it agrees with the usual teaching or not, for here is where common sense saves the day every time. Twice I have had fine puppies saved by my wife who, in spite of my former ideas of dieting too rigorously, just stuffed them with all manner of raw meat, grease, and other prohibited articles with the result of bringing them 20 THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. back to the normal ina hurry. I write this not to encourage recklessness in feeding but to show that circumstances must govern our conduet in the man- agement of the puppy as in other conditions affect- ing our own lives and health. It must be remem- bered that the growing puppy will require gradually increasing amounts of food and of a stronger char- acter, and the making of big bones must be kept in view all the time, for upon a strong skeleton we hope to build a strong dog. Therefore do not let the nothing-but-corn-bread idea get hold of you too strong. Good “grudging” flour as we call the old time seconds or brown flour that the country millers send back when they make usa barrel of white flour is one of the best possible additions to the occasional food of the young dog. Mixed with a little corn- meal and properly baked it makes a delightful change of diet for a few days at a time. One of the best all-around foods that we know of is made from a recipe appearing in the Amateur Trainer, one of the best books on training of the bird dog in the English language, and written by our friend, Ed. H. Haberlein, of McPherson, Kan- THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. 21 sas, and sold by him at $1.50 postpaid, a book that you all should have. His formula is as follows:— “Secure scraps at your meat shop, or buy a chunk of cheapest beef; put this into a kettle with hot water and a pinch of salt, and boil until meat falls from the bones; fish out the latter, and with a fork stir meat into shreds, to remain in the broth. Now stir and work into this a mixture consisting half and half of corn meal and shorts to a stiff dough; fill low pans and place into a slow oven till quite well baked through. When cooled cut pone into suita- ble pieces. The quantity of meat thus worked into meal and shorts may be in proportion of one to six" At the slaughter house the head of a beef may be had for the asking, and such a one can be util ized for the above purpose with very good results. After boiling, the bones of the head become quite brittle, and these form a splendid part of the dog’s diet. Dog bread made as above stated will keep for a long time, and it embodies nourishment of the very best quality; the dogs eat it with delight and remain in excellent condition”’. Like the grown dog the puppy’s heaviest meal oD, THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. should be his supper, and in cold weather it should contain enough meat scraps or a little fat to help keep him warm. Cooked greens and other vegeta- bles, pot liquor and corn bread softened in it is tip- top. He needs a variety just like you and me, and if this general idea is borne in mind you will raise a strong sprightly dog that will stand by you under all conditions, whatever may come THE PUPPY’S BED. Fee, S we have said a first-class dog should be treated like “a white man” to use a com- mon expression of we “down south” fellows. You cannot expect to raise a decent self-respecting dog unless you think enough of him to give him com- fortable, clean, and well attended sleeping quarters. A dog that has to scurry around when night comes on for a place to sleep is nobody’s dog and will soon not have courage or bottom enough to defend his home when you give him one. The country dog is more likely to be neglected in this respect than the dog raised in a city for ob. vious reasons, and yet it is just as important to teach a dog in the country that he has a better 94. THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. place for his lodging-room than the cow shed, hay stack, or under the house. Inattention to this pro- vision of one certain comfortable place for sleeping belonging solely to the one dog is one of the surest ways of creating a rambler from home and encour- aging shiftless ways and inconstancy towards his master. From about the first of May to the latter part of September the dog needs no other bed than the ground or clean plank floor under an open shelter. For the remainder of the year he needs a comforta- ble kennel or other compartment in some building that he can get in and out at all times The size of the kennel or room in the building should be small enough to allow the natural heat from the dog’s body to accumulate and help to keep him warm with the least expenditure of his own reserve. We would say a room two and-a-half by three feet and four feet high would be an average good house for the dog. It should be so constructed that ite sides could be removed to allow thorough cleaning at regular intervals as well as for arranging the bed- ding. The floor should be absolutely airtight, for THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. 25 no dog can be kept comfortable in severe weather upon a floor admitting air from beneath, however much you may cover it with bedding. It is equal- ly as important to allow sufficient ventilation over- head, for dogs need fresh, pure air as well as body warmth. The best way to keep the cold winds from disturbing the dog in his sleeping room is to have a wigwam-shaped entrance which may be built of plank or canvas as is most handy. This winding entrance securely guards the puppy or old- er dog from the severe winds that tax his powers and lay him liable to diseases only awaiting certain depressed conditions to make themselves manifest. The bedding may consist of several layers of crocus bags, carpeting, pinetags, excelsior, walnut leaves and similar stuff. I am opposed to allowing wheat straw under dogs, for it certainly has a ten- dency to promote skin troubles. The bedding should be frequently changed and renewed, for fil- thy bedding is all that is needed to produce any number of obstinate skin affections. THE BATH. y ¥ HE dog having no pores in its skin has not “A the advantage of the freely sweating animals of relieving the hide of many impurities and con- sequently is far more liable to skin affections than might be supposed. It is particularly true of long haired dogs, as the setter and shepherd dog. Such dogs need frequent bathing both for their comfort and for health. They can be best protected from vermin and incipient mange by systematic washing with a good antiseptic soap once or twice a week. I am confident that many cases of mange or so call- ed scratches commence from a dirty irritated skin, and more particularly will this be the case if the skin has gotten in a state of rebellion by the pres- THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. oT ence of thousands of dog lice which infest dirty hides on ill nourished dogs. The frequent bath re- lieves and prevents all these conditions. Now the novice will wish to know whether to wash his dog in cold weather, whether to use warm or cold water, what kind of soap to use and many other questions that we would hardly suppose him to ask, yet this is natural when a man wishes to do exactly right about all the details in caring for a good dog in a humane manner. And we would say in this instance as in all others: In all cases use good common sense, as circumstances changing will force conditions to be so altered that you can- not follow any hard and fast rules. Adapt the temperature of the bath to the comfort of the dog; if the weather is very cold take the chill off the water, wash the dog in a sheltered place and be sure to dry him thoroughly before turning him out of doors. This is all the precaution needed for washing in winter. I seldom use warm bath for dogs even in winter, but often take off the chill. The main care being to rub the dog thoroughly dry so that he will not be chilled after his bath. In 98 THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. summer the natural temperature of the water is all right and if the sun is shining and the dog can have a run and wallow in the grass I omit rubbing him dry. The question of what soap to use will arise and you will be told that this, that or the other is the best. The fact is they all are good, but very little better than the average soap sold in the grocery or drug stores for family use. Some are entirely too high for their actual worth because they are sold on reputation, and claims, that we are sorry to say, have not been realized in our experience. Any good castile or tar soap will be all needed for your dog’s bath, and if you need to treat him for any skin affection it is better to apply a direct remedy for the disease than to rely upon the small amount of drug in an ordinary washing soap to cure him. The mistake is frequently made of using a soap too strong with carbolic acid or other antiseptic agents which leaves the skin irritated, when really the object is to leave the skin clean and pliable with a good lively feeling and scented pleasantly with such agents as will drive away insects and THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG: 29 make an agreeable odor at the same time. We greatly prefer the regular use of a good castile soap followed by a spray of mild carbolized water, creo lin, or spirits of lavender, all of which will drive away parasites and vermin. EXERCISE. conmoas This like other things in the care of the dog is fre- EXT to proper feeding for the puppy and growing dog is correct and regular exercise. quently given with the very best intentions, but re- sults disastrously to the young dog. It must not be argued that if exercise will aid the puppy’s di- gestion and development of frame and muscle, that. the more the better for this purpose. Exercise, like medicine should be administered in proper dos- es, at proper times and with regularity to accom- plish certain desired results. No two dogs have exactly the same powers of indurance nor the same capacity nor need for food or exercise. This isa THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. 31 matter for the trainer or owner to ascertain from a study of the individual dog or puppy. No growing puppy can be kept healthy and de- veloped to the best advantage for field work with- out systematic exercise gradually increased food consumption and bodily growth. It should be borne in mind that the young dog is taken out to improve his digestion, strengthen his muscular and nervous system, to improve his circu- lation and give him “good wind,” and lastly, and by no means least, to let him get acquainted with the world so as not to conduct himself like a fool the first time he finds himself outside of his yard. Simply walking along a highway or running over the pike is not the correct form of exercise. The dog is to be trained for the work ahead of him. He should be allowed a free rein to go in the fields, jump ditches, run and race in the leaves and pine tags and take a plunge in the ponds and streams as he likes. From six months until the dog is a year old he should have at least 2 or 3 outings a week working him up to his full capacity of endurance— ao THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. but not beyond. A dog so raised will be in condi- tion to take the field when he is a year old and stay with the best of them all day long. ey TRAINING THE PUPPY. s be HE great principle in training the bird dog, or any other dog for that matter, is to gain his affection, his respect, and his obedience; and the chief of these is obedience—prompt and une- quivocal. We have often noticed performances go- ing on between the master and voung dog under the name of training when in fact the young dog was being ruined, just as many a child 1s ruined by a too indulgent and soft hearted parent. The half-handed system of playing with a young setter or pointer and persuading him to come to you, fetch, or lie down, is not understood by the dog as being in the order of command, nor does he consider that he is obeying your command when he 34 THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. brings you a ball or stick under such conditions. In other words, he is playing with you and stops when he gets enough of it. There is no use to get mad and whip or cower him at this stage; you will only make matters worse and after a while he will be afraid even to play that kind of game with you. It is all right to play with your dog—it makes him affectionate and gives him a good disposition, but let it be play pure and simple and do not give him any commands, nor impose any task upon him, and let him quit whenever he likes. But when you commence to train you must Jet him understand that it is a matter of business and obedience and then you must let your orders and words be few, distinct and be obeyed. One of the greatest les- sons tanght dog trainers has been the instruction in what is known as the force system without the whip. Our friend Edward F Haberlein, the an- thor of an excellent manual, gives very full diree- tions for this system by the use of the force eol- lar. We commend the book to our readers. But the principle involved owes its value to the un- derlying foundation-stone of teaching obedience in THE G@ENTLEMAN’S DOG. 35 small things in the beginning, and instead of beat- ing and cowering a dog, to so control him that he sees it is best to do what he is commanded to do. Now to start with: We must make objection to much that is considered “the thing” in dog training. We are totally opposed toa lot of unnecessary, and, to our mind, foolish accomplishments insisted upon by “professional” dog trainers and dog owners. There are also terms which are not in common use with the average person and which we believe should be dropped. Of course if you are going to train a dog to meet the requirements of a select few, you must teach him to do all the stunts requir- ed by these critics, and in this way you perfect him in one way and handicap him in another and fre- quently ruin him for field work. It must be re- membered too that you are training your dog for your own pleasure and for your own field work; and as no two men nor dogs possess the same ideas or dispositions, possibly your dog will work to suit you perfectly when no other dog would do it half so well. Therefore you wish a good, sweet tem- pered and obedient dog at home and afield. 36 THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. To illustrate the importance of few commands aud instant obedience, I will mention that on one occasion I asked a veteran huntsman and dog raiser what he considered the most important thing to teach a bird dog. He promptly replied “If I had only one thing to teach my pointer or setter it would be to “stop instantly anywhere I told him to do so.” And another great hunter made almost a similar reply when he told us that a dog should al- ways be under snech command “that you can get your hand on him when you want him.” The point insisted upon is not only obedience but prompt obedience. When you tell a dog to “take > he must not continue to walk care” or “down,’ ahead slowing down gradually and getting into a covey orupon a single bird, he must stop as prompt- ly as the sound of the voice reaches his ear. To illustrate again on this vital point: When you go into your back yard and whistle and clap your hands and say ‘come here Bob” and your dog comes bounding to you, he does not do this because you say ‘come here” but because he is glad to see you and wants to play with you and welcome you. THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. Rae yi When you toss a ball out to him and he runs after it and brings it to you, he does not do it because you tell him to “fetch it,” but because it is fun for him. He has no idea that he ig under your dominion or in any sense obeying you. Bat when you see him anywhere about the prem- ises, no matter how far off, and no matter how much engaged in play or otherwise, if you say to him in a distinct, quiet tone, “Down” and he immediately prostrates himself with fore feet extended and head resting flat upon the ground, he is obeying your command. If you then tell him “Up” and he gets up and stands awaiting further orders, he is obeying. If you can say “Come here”—no coaxing, beckon- ing or encouragement, and if he promptly comes to you, and obeys the other few commands— Take care,” “Sit down,” you have a dog that 1s as well trained as mortal man can train an intelligent ani- mal and all other things can be easily achieved with but little trouble. Now, how is the best way to reach this desirable state with the young dog? As we have said, dogs differ in disposition and 38 THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. while many may be trained by patience and gentle- ness, some will require more forcible measures than others and for this class we unhesitatingly recom- mend Haberlein’s method of the force collar and cord. We have found that the vocabulary for all usual purposes with the bird dog may be contained with- in about the following list, and are the most impor- tant in the order in which they are stated: “Take care” which means to stop and remain in a standing position until ordered forward. ‘Hie on” which means to advance or seize the object which he stop- ped to point. ‘Hie Away” which means liberty to go away, play or do what he likes—in the field it means to proceed to scour the fields and range for game. “Sit Down.” Emphasize the word “sit” and pronounce “down” lightly. The dog should sit upon his haunches and be attentive for any oth- er command or order. ‘Down’ is one of the most important commands, and should be followed by an instant prostration of the dog’s body, extension of the fore legs forward and a complete dropping of the head flat between the front feet. The dog THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. 39 should associate this command with a downward waving of the hand; so that when at a distance, or when you wish to make no noise a simple wave of the hand towards the earth will bring him down promptly. “Come Bere’—‘ Bring It” and “Let Go” are self explanatory, and these eight commands will fit your dog for the field. Understand—you cannot teach your dog to hunt and find game, point it and retrieve it after itis killed. If he does not inherit these tendencies and practise them naturally he is worthless. But you can so train him that he will point or stand and retrieve anything and when he finds game he will be cautions and obedient and soon adapt your general training to his special work afield. TIME FOR TRAINING, UCH has been said and written as to the proper time to commence training the pup- py. This is subject to varying conditions, for really while a dog’s education should commence as soon as it is old enongh to understand anything, the serious methodieal training should not be undertaken until a puppy is six or eight months old and reasonably well developed. So our rule is to commence with the pup at two or three months and the first thing we teach him is to “Take Care” before he eats his food —not al-ways, but so many times a week. It is just as important to let him have his food without this command also, as it teaches him the difference between obedience THE GENTLEMAN'S DOG. 41 and restraint on the one hand and freedom and lib- erty on the other. Therefore we take the puppy and set his plate of food before him and while gently restraining him by holding, we say in a quiet, distinct tone; “Take Care,” and keep him quiet for a few moments, re leasing him with the words “ Hie on.” Be careful and always try to speak the words plainly and in the same quiet tone, and by all means do uot keep repeating them as if you were fearful he would not obey —make him take care by simply holding him quietly without further words. Don’t overtax the puppy’s patience, but gradually extend the time un- til your dog will wait a full minute for you—or longer. Don’t make the mistake of getting too far away from the puppy until you know you have him staunch, then you may caution him and place his food three or four feet in front of him and, stand- ing to one side and between him and his plate, give the order to “Take Care.” The puppy should stand staunchly until you order him on. Then you should gradually increase the distance so that where- 49 THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. ever you are he will come to a prompt stand when- ever he hears your voice. Don’t lose your temper, nor chastise the dog, but keep cool and firm, and maintain absolute control of him by actually holding him if necessary. Never give a puppy two commands at the same time nor in different words for the same command; you will confound him and make him unstable and uncertain —and when he loses confidence in himself as your interpreter he is ruined. IN THE FIELD. w, T may be inferred that after all we have writ- DG ten there is nothing more to be done for the dog but take him into the field and find him a good hunter, staunch on point, a good “dropper,” a per fect retriever &e., &e. Well, with ordinary care such a dog can be carried into the field and will, with a little handling, do all of these things. The three things to be guarded against in the field are flushing, chasing (or breaking shot) and improp erretrieving. Right here is where we wish to again impress upon you the importance of prompt obedi- ence—“‘teaching the dog to stop when you tell him” as we have so frequently impressed upon the reader. Therefore if the lesson has been properly 44 THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. taught at home in the yard—two of the troubles are excluded for he will neither flush nor (break shot) chase birds after covey has gotten up if you are able to control him with your voice. In spite of your efforts should the dog get excited and hard- headed and bolt into the covey any way, we know of no better method than the force collar and cord which Mr. Haberlein so well describes in his book. In fact no one makes or sells a better force col- Jar than Mr. Haberlein. This collar, provided with modified metal points next the dog’s neck and with a ring into which is snapped as much cord (sash cord is our preference) as you like, is the outfit. For a headstrong dog we prefer twenty feet of good cord. Usually fifteen feet is enough. The application is simple. If your dog is a flusher, put on the collar and cord and let him trail until he is nearly ready to run into the birds. Keep close to him and eantion him with the words “Steady,” “Steady.” Now as he scents the birds and increas- es his pace it is the proper time to test his obedi- ence. Step up and tell him to “Take care” ina firm, but quiet tone. If he pays no attention to it, THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. 45 pick up the end of the cord, run forward with it so as to give it good slack, drop it, and put your foot down on it: firmly and just before the dog makes it taut, call out sharply “Take care,’ and let him know that “Take care” means to stop and to stop instantly. Don’t scold him nor speak a word, but let him know that he brings it on himself. Instead of using the foot to hold the cord a very convenient method is to wear a stout leather belt with a strong snap attached and the drag end of the cord, which always terminates in a good sized iron ring, can be picked up and snapped on to the belt. In this way the trainer has the use of his hands and can simply drop back on the cord with his whole weight and bring the dog up just at the proper moment. When yon are using the gun in advanced training, and when yon are teaching to drop to shot as it is called, and wish to break the habit of chasing, this belt is indispensable. Now the same procedure with the force collar that breaks the dog of flushing will make him re- main staunch after the covey has flown until you give him the command. The judgment of the 46 THE GENTLEMAN'S DOG. handler and disposition of the dog will determine when to relinquish the use of the force collar, but it is weil to keep the collar reversed on the dog with a little cord attached so as to remind him that he is yet under restraint and likely to punish him- self if he is disobedient. Of course whipping, kicking, beating and shoot- ing will break a dog occasionally of these faults but no man acquainted with the character and traits of the bird dog nor with the proper feelings towards God’s creatures will be likely to adopt these meth- ods, when more sensible and humane measures are at hand in the force collar. RETRIEVING. If your dog has been properly trained in the yard to “fetch” and “let go” the chances are that if he retrieves he will doit properly. Some dogs will never retrieve; most will do it, and the important thing is the manner in which it is done. The dog who mouths, noses and chews the bird, and who Lolds on to it until you drag it out of his mouth isn’t fit to carry into the field and unless broken of _ the habit will be worse than worthless. This very THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. 47 bad fault is usually the result of carelessness on the part of the trainer in permitting the young dog to catch and kill a wounded bird in the beginning. This is the very worst thing that could happen, and it is very hard to break the habit. But with pains and patient yard training it may be done. For fear of this accident we always advise our friends to have a companion who will do the shoot- ing at first so as to allow the owner or trainer to have control of his dog with both handsat all times. In this way the dog never has the advantage and a few outings will cure him of all bad habits and make him staunch, safe and reliable afield under all circumstances. There are other fanlts that seriously handicap a dog’s usefulness, and some that render him actually worthless. The worst of these is gun shyness, and while it may be overcome, we have never had the patience to cure a well developed case of it and offer no suggestions on the subject. Our honest belief is that a thoroughly gun-shy dog is only fit for a pet about the house and then he is taking care and attention that had better be bestowed upon a 48 THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. dog that could be not only a pet, but capable of fill- ing all of the requirements of a first-class hunter afield. Apropos to the subject of training the bird dog, I will close this chapter with a little article from my pen which appeared in the Amateur Sports: man for December 1895, and which illustrates my ideas with the young dog when introducing to field work: “HOW TO TRAIN YOUR DOG. I wish to state at the commencement that I do not expect to say anything likely to instruct the “regulars,” but, asa member of the army of good fellows who hunt occasionally and fish whenever they can, with rude implements and adverse condi- tions, I may offer a suggestion or two for those of mv class. In this paper I will talk briefly about the dog, one of the noblest animals ever created and man’s most devotod friend. It has been my fortune, or, rather, misfortune, to spoil some as good dogs as any man ever owned, and this by trying to follow the advice of men sup- THE GENTLEMAN'S DOG. 49 posed to know “all about it.” While going through this school I learned some few things of value, and now I feel able to speak positively on a few points in the training of young dogs, especially setters and pointers. Possibly a little account of my management of two different dogs will better illustrate my lesson. A number of years ago a friend presented me with a full-blooded setter puppy, and I determined to make a crack dog of him in every particular. I was told that obedience was everything, and I made that dog obedient, you may be sure. When he was eight months old I could speak to him in an under- tone and he would fall to the earth, with his tail between his legs, like one stone dead. But this obe- dience was dearly bought, for when he was in the field, although he had a most excellent nose, he was so cautious and fearful of not catching my every command or wish that he would stand, tremble and wait for me, look back, and then advarce on a cov- ey of birds until he would make forty stands be- fore I actually reached the birds. He was a good dog, but too well trained. 50 THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. I coneluded after this that I wanted a dog with more push about him. So I got anotner and gave him more latitude in training. He would at com- mand, “Take care,” stop reasonably before his food, but I always took good pains to “hie on” in good time to keep him from really disobeying me. He would bring me a glove or any light article when I threw it away, and he felt in the humor to do so. I flattered myself that I had a pretty good dog, and with the proper amount of field training expected to find him a treasure indeed. Well, he was a dan- dy. He could smell partridges a half-mile away, and his great zeal would earry him right up to them. He would make his usual “bread stand,” take it for granted that I had said “hie on,” and up he would get the covey, regardless of all my yell ing and threatening. The only way I ever got a shot was to outrun him. I never succeeded in breaking him of this bad habit. I have been bothered much in former years about dogs not retrieving, running bares, ete. Now, here is the way I handled the last dog I trained—I have him tiow. He ‘is entering his fourth year, is a HE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. 51 pointer dog of first-class blood, a beauty and one of the best all-around dogs in Virginia, or any other State in the Union. This puppy was given to me when about two months old. I determined to study its disposition and make a friend of it. I had long ago learned that no two dogs have the same disposition, nor can they be treated alike, either in regard to petting or punishment. I was very fond of him, and allowed him much liberty, talked to him a great deal, play- ed with him frequently, scolded him moderately when he needed it, and always complimented him highly for his good behavior. I wish to say right here that experience has proven to me that the av- erage dog or horse can understand and appreciate a very large vocabulary, and for this reason | ama very great talker to dogs and horses. The next thing to be observed is the fact that the dog, espec- ially, is anxious and willing to do his master’s bid- ding as soon as he understands him. We will get back to my dog. Fully trusting to the general intelligence of my dog, I took him into the field at eight months of age, and he trailed up 59 THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. a covey of partridges and made a very pretty stand. [ was two hundred yards away, and he looked anx iously back for me several times, and finally, just before [ reached him, he sprang into them and chas ed them beautifully. I was sorry to have him do this, but I knew he was a puppy and I would have to talk to him about it. I called him in and patted him and said nothing about his bad behavior. The next day we winded some birds, and this time I called him back sharply and made him keep close to me. When within sixty yards of the cov- ey he began to creep and tremble, throwing his eye back at me for every few steps and advancing like a panther. Now, huntsman, here is a picture for the artist, and here is the time and place to make or ruin your dog. “Steady now, boy, take care,” I said, ina quiet, kindly manner. The puppy knew exactly what I meant, and steadily felt his way, telling me plainly with hig eye and gestures that he appreciated his work. “Steady, boy,’ I said lower in tone, and with eyes blazing with intensity, tail straight as an arrow, THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. 53 belly almost touching the ground, and every muscle in a quiver, he came to a stand as decided and im- movable as if he had been transformed to marble. I advanced and up the covey arose; bang! and one bird fell. (I was shooting a little single barrel breech-loader.) The puppy started off at a good run after the birds, but with a little positive calling he came back and found the dead bird, mouthed it and left it. Icould not persuade him to bring it to me, nor did I worry him much abont it. In a few weeks he would stand, flush at command, and hunt single birds very well, but had never re- trieved—would not do so. I did not get mad with him about this fault, for I reasoned that he was a youngster, and further that asall of the birds I had killed were in the open and easy to get myself he did not see the necessity for bringing them. Still, I was very sorry he would not do so, and trusted to his affection and good sense to overcome this evil. One day late in the season I was hunting over a low ground with a friend and jnst as we came to the edge of a dense half acre of immense briars, ab- solutely impenetrable for a man, a large covey arose 54 THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. and we dropped three of them about forty yards in this field of briars. The dog was scouring the field on the other side when we got the flock up, and hearing the shots came bounding to us. I had not much hope of getting the birds, as my dog had never brought me one, but I told him to “look for them.” He threaded his way in and I soon heard a crippled bird flutter when he caught it. I could not see ten feet in the jungle, but spoke encourag- ingly to him and continued to say, “ Bring him to master,” “Oome along, good boy,” ete., and to my great delight he came, not only once, but again and again, until he had bronght all three birds and laid them at my feet. From that day to this he has invariably gotten my game for me, unless it would happen to be within immediate reach of me. One great error with the young dog owner is to be too particular about his dog. Now, I do not care a snap how many‘hares my dog runs, nor whether he is a good ‘‘‘possum dog’ or not. The fact is simply the amount of brain your dog may have. A good dog will hunt anything and do it correctly. My pointer has no THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. 55 superior for birds, and yet he will stand, run and bring back a hare as well asa hound. He will put turkeys up a tree and come back and lie as still as a mouse until they are yelped up and shot. He will tree squirrels and bark until I find him, and then he will keep his mouth shut and never move out of his tracks for a half hour or until I shoot the little game. He will throw down a steer or hold a hog weighing one hundred and fifty pounds as still as any two men could. The fact is, whatever he does he does well, and he is capable of doing a great many things. This isa very complimentary notice of my own dog, and I never would offer it to the readers of the AmargEur Sportsman but for the fact that it may impress them with the importance of having patience with young dogs, treating them as intelli- gent beings and gaining their affection and very best possible work.” Ricumonp, Va. TREATING THE SICK DOG. BS x A VERY dog owner should have a reasonably “A fair knowledge of the usual diseases affecting the dog and he should knowenough of certain rem- edies to make intelligent use of same when thrown upon his own resources. So we will first call attention to a few drugs and the matters of dose and method of giving. The full grown year or two old dog weighing fifty or seventy pounds can take usually about the average dose of any ordinary drug that we prescribe for the adult human being, though we seldom give the larg- est dog over half the full dose, preferring to in- crease with small doses at short intervals until we have the desired effect. Puppies according to age THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. BT and size require diminished doses in proportion, so that you can figure out a puppy’s dose if you know the adult human dose, or dog’s dose which we usu- ally make one-half less. It is well also to remem- ber that the animal, unlike man, has not been raised on drugs and become immune to their action by re- peated and constant ase, hence their action becomes more prompt and energetic than in man, therefore for given effects they require less drug. Then again certain drugs act differently according to dose, and some are not as well borne by the lower ani- mals while others must be administered in larger doses to have required effect. For example a dog will improve on doses of arsenic that would be dangerous for a man, while very small doses of cocaine will often affect him seriously. Strychnine should be given with much caution and in smallest doses in commencing, while the much used carbolic acid has been the cause of much damage to many dogs by reason of its reckless use, and its ill effects on the kidney. Many a dog has been made to suffer from partial paralysis, weak back and nephritis or kidney inflammation from having been literally 58 THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. bathed in ecarbolic acid as we find it in many lotions for vermin, scratches and skin troubles. It is a good rule never to give a dog medicine un- less he needs zt, and it is a better rule to always know what you are giving, and still better to know what you are giving it for or what effect it should have—an effect that you can see whether you are getting or not. While there are many excellent ready-made preparations for the various ailments of the dog put up by the manufacturers, we prefer to fix our own drugs and make our own preparations for our own use, but whenever we use any proprie- tary remedy we always inform ourselves of the in- gredients entering into it before using it on our dog. We would suggest this advice to our readers, for then you will know when you are getting the effects desired and when to stop the use of the remedy. Amoug the drugs most commonly needed we will mention the following: CatomeLt—The Mild Chloride of Mercury—is used as a prompt purgative in 5 or 6 grain doses— in doses of a grain repeated at 2 hour intervals it is good in jaundice and liver troubles. Its chief use THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. 59 in dog practice is for the removal of worms in con- nection with santonin. Castor Orr—too well known as the safest and best laxative cathartic for dogs and puppies—Table- spoonful is a fair dose. Aromatic Syrup oF Rauuparsp—isa splendid laxa- tive cathartic well suited for puppies or dogs with indigestion and bloody diarrhceal passages. Dose teaspoonful. SuLPHATE OF QouriniInE—is used for chills and con- gestions, colds, distemper &e. Dose 5 to 10 grains —as a tonic | or 2 grains a day. Arsenic—Arsenious Acid. Powerful poison— Fine alterative in skin diseases, splendid tonic, good blood remedy ( Dose =; to zy of a grain. Average dose 1-30th grain after meals 3 times a day.) The dog is an exception and will take } of a grain three times a day to advantage. Iron—A splendid tonic¢ and astringent, both in- ternally and externally. Dried sulphate of iron (copperas) may be given in 1 grain doses. The tinct- ure of iron may be given in 3 to 5 drop doses well diluted in gum water or rice water. 60 THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. Sanronin—The great worm expeller. It is made from the old time household remedy known as worm seed (chenopodium) given in connection with an active cathartic it speedily clears out the common round worm. Dose—A dog may be given 3 to 1 grain with a little calomel, or it may be given alone and followed with a dose of castor oil. Sprrits or Nirre—Febrifuge. Diuretic (acting on kidneys.) May be given in dose of 10 to 30 drops (half teaspoonful) well diluted every three hours. Maanesium SutpHarE—Epsom Salts—This is the best cooling cathartic that can be given a dog—Tea- spoonful in half glass of water. Carzotic Acip—This is one of the coal tar prod- ucts. It is a powerful antiseptic, deodorizer and germicide. It is a deadly poison and used entirely too often and too recklessly under the belief that it is harmless. It has its place in medicine—but we wish to caution against its immoderate or unneces- sary use. Solutions and ointments should not be of greater strength than 1 to 5 per cent. of carbolic acid. SrtRYCHNINE——Powerful poison—-splendid nerve THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. 61 and muscular tonic. Should be used in minimum doses and cautiously on dogs. Wewould not like to give a full grown dog over =, of agrain 3 times a day. GiycErInE—This excellent household remedy is good in fevers, colds and coughs and ean be given in teaspoonful doses. SaLIcyLATE oF SoprumM——This is the great rheuma- tism medicine, and may be given in doses of 8 to 5 grains 2 or 3 times a day. Laupanum—This is a liquid form for administer- ing opium. The dose for the average tull grown forty to sixty pound dog is3 to 5 drops, equal to 4 to 4 grain of opium. Caxtcrum Sutpaipe—A great anti-zymotic, germ- icide, and pus preventive. Dose for a dog 1 to 1 grain three times a day. ANTIKAMNIA Tasiers—The ideal pain reliever, fever reducer and sedative--Dose one or two tab- lets and repeat in 2 or 3 hours if necessary. Soptum Bromipp—Another excellent mild seda- tive. It relieves pain, fever and restlessness. Av- erage dose for adult dog 4 to 10 grains in solution or milk. 62 THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. Or or Tar—Here is one of the best remedies in the dog owner’s whole materia medica. It acts on the kidneys, is a good vermifuge, has antiseptic properties, and when used externally is good for sores, abrasions &c., and a good flea killer and pre- venter. Internally a few drops is a dose—say 2 to 5. Externally it may be used in oil or ointment as high as 50 per cent. strength. Hyprocren Prroxipe—For quickly cleansing and disinfecting purulent ulcers and sores of all pus. It can be diluted anywhere from 50 per cent., to the pure preparation and applied as a local wash to the diseased parts with sponge or absorbent cotton. Iopororm—is a splendid local antiseptic, germ1- cide and protective to fresh sores or injuries and may be sprinkled on at liberty. Its odor is disa- greeable, but it is admirably adapted to keep flies and vermin away, and in summer it is one of the best applications we know of for keeping flies away from sores on dogs. Cocaine Murtare.—This is a most valuable local application for relieving itching or pain of an acute kind. It should be used cautiously aud moderately. THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. 63 Just dampen the painful surface once or twice with a four per cent. solution, which your druggist should prepare for you. OxipE or Zinc.—You will find this a good dust- ing, drying and protective powder which may be used freely where an open sore simply needs a protec- tive powder. We have said nothing about how to administer the drugs mentioned. It seems that most people who give advice on remedies assume that any- body can give medicine to a sick dog. This is about like giving physic to your own child; and sympathy for the sick one too often bungles the job. We have found dosing a sick dog a very dis- agreeable and unpleasant business usually. The chief thing to do is to make up your mind that you are going to give the dog his medicine, determine how you are going to make him take it, and then without scolding, scuffling or worrying the dog, just give it to him. For liquids the best way is to hold the dog’s head up with your hand under the chin, pull one side of cheek out so as to make a funnel and pour 64 THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. the medicine out of a long neck bottle slowly in, allowing him to swallow gradually. The dog should be made to sit down, and if not willing to submit quietly, help must be had to hold him quietly and firmly until he has swallowed the dose. It pays to go about it rightly—saves the dog from fatigue and irritation, and is quickly and properly done. When a dog is not seriously sick and does not refuse all food, many drugs in pill form may be put in bits of beef and thrown at him to catch and swallow. Always throw him one or two pieces without the pill to get him to catching and swal- lowing without suspicion, then let the piece with the pill go and he will take it down without any trouble. We do not approve, however, of giving medicine to sick dogs in any food or drink. It is generally discovered and they neither take the medicine when needed, nor their food for some time after- wards. It is best to face the music, get the dog in your power and give the remedy promptly and properly. When an injection is needed the dog’s buttocks THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. 65 should be eievated, an assistant should hold him, and the fluid injected quietly and in sufficient quantity from a fountain syringe, or a common one if necessary. GENERAL DISEASES, Diarrhea. OA TTY. HE digestive system of the dog is liable to J; ue the same derangements as the human subject, and consequently diarrhoea especially is not an uncommon affection and usually is easily managed, but now and then it becomes a matter of serious moment. . It must be borne in mind that many causes can be found for the production of this trouble and that itis a very valuable point to discover the cause, for frequently a removal of the same will allow the dog to get well. Such is not always the case, however, and the dog will require certain medication to restore him to health, We have THE GENTLEMAN'S DOG. 67 found the chief causes to be duc to worms, (in pup- pies especially) overfeeding on raw meat, or too long continuance on a common diet, and cold from dampness of bedding or insufficient honsing. From long observation we are convinced that in the grown dog we have entirely too much diarrhoea and dysentery from want of dry, warm and_proper- ly ventilated sleeping quarters. For seven or eight months in the year the dog needs a comfortable “living room,” .house or bedroom as yon choose to designate the place he looks upon as “his room.” When he comes in tired and warm he should not be compelled to sleep under the steps, or in the woodshed, nor down in the barn where cold drafts of wind may strike him when he curls up for an hour’s rest. He should know just where he can find a quiet, protected, sweet-smelling bed to rest on and to which he can return for the night’s rest. The dog that comes home chilled from exposure to cold rain, and consequently with resisting powers lowered from fatigue, needs just such a place as we have described. It should be roomy enough to allow him to wallow on some dry hay, tags or leaves 68 THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. and then to find a dry place to sleep upon. To provide such quarters requires a little time and trouble and a dollar or two; but isn’t a decent, faith- ful friend and loving companion worth this much ? Diarrhoeas need different lines of treatment in accordance with the actual disturbed conditions of the alimentary tract. Some diarrhoeas are salutary and are relieving the dog of matters that should be expelled, hence it would be bad practice to sudden- ly check up such cases with astringents and opiates. If the dog is in good .condition otherwise, it wonld be well to moderate his diet fora day or two—let him keep reasonably quiet, and feed him on a little well cooked rice with a little boiied milk. An ounce of pulverized gum arabic may be dissolved in a quart of water, which should be used for his drinking water. If this doesn’t relieve him and there is a tendency for the passages to become more watery and _ fre- quent, a tablespoonful of castor oil and a teaspoon- ful of paregoric should be given and if necessary repeated in eight or ten hours. In place of the above a teaspoonful of the aromatic syrup of THE GENTLEMAN'S DOG. 69 rhubarb two or three times a day will be found very effective. It may be necessary to add 10 or 15 drops of landanum or a teaspoonful of paregoric, if the rhubarb alone is ineffective. This is about all required for the ordinary case of diarrhoea due to indigestion or cold. The diet should be bland and simple, consisting of boiled rice, boiled milk thick- ened with wheat flour, stale biscuit crumbled im milk, ora little beef broth well thickened. The dog should be kept warm and comfortable and_ his drink limited to gum arabic or slippery elm water. In puppies where worms are the cause they should be treated for worms—according to direc- tions under that head elsewhere in this volume. Dysentery. DysrnrEry, while somewhat akin to diarrhoea, must be treated differently, as they are by no means the same affections nor do they arise from the same causes altogether. Cases of diarrhoea very often end up in dysentery, but this is as a result of neglected treatment of the first disease. Usually dysentery in the dog is due to direct 70 THE GENTLEMAN’S DoG. cold or chilling which either congests the bowels or affects the liver in advance of the attack. This being the case, it is almost always good practice to commence by using a mild cathartic with some gentle mercurial to stimulate the liver and clean out offending material from the bowels. In this trouble the dog is likely to have consider- able thirst, loss of appetite and frequent strainings of mucus and blood in small quantities. This condi- tion is painful and soon prostrates a dog unless he is promptly and properly treated. He should be confined and made to keep quiet in some vacant room or close lot; his drinking water should be cut down to some extent and his diet confined to about what we have outlined for diarrhoea. It is our custom to give at first a dose of castor oil and if it relieves the straining we wait awhile and see what rest, warmth, and dieting will do. If the trouble seems to be unrelieved in 24 hours, we would give the following: Calomel, 2 grains. Opium, 1 grain. Make four pills. Give one every hour. THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. vi If the dog is in much pain or seems unusually feverish or thirsty, in place of the above the follow- ing is better: Epsom Salts 1 Tablespoonful. Pulv. Gum Arabic 1 3 Paregoric f x Water 8 ch Mix well together and shake, and give one table- spoonful every hour or two until relieved. If the bloody straining is very severe and increas- ing after use of above remedies, the dog should have a rectal injection of laundanum and starch, just as we administer to the human subject. Make a thick starch ard to a small syringeful add 20 or 30 drops of laudanum and slowly inject same, having the dog’s hind parts elevated, and hold rectum to- gether for a little while to retain the mixture. In any of these abdominal troubles when the dog becomes weakened from the disease and pain, it is good practice to give him a raw egg now and then, and even better to give him a few teaspoonfuls of good whiskey in egg or milk punch. It not only nourishes and sustains him, but greatly relieves the "2 THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. pain from inflammation and gaseous distension of the intestines. Distemper, This is unfortunately a very serious disease and while it may be in many instances easily cured with- in a week or two, it is one of the most obstinate and dangerous diseases with serious sequelae when neglected or improperly treated. Tae Symproms of distemper are a general dull- ness especially about the eyes, loss of appetite, no disposition to be playful. Dog looks miserable and dejected and within a few days is taken with a ca- tarrhal sneezing cough. The disease is in effect an almost perfect counterpart of epidemic influenza or La Grippe in the human subject and if treated with this idea in view from its inception can fre- quently be aborted within the first week. The gen- eral muscular soreness, aching in limbs, feverish- ness, pains and marked debility and depression all remind us of a typical case of Grippal influenza. The chief indications to be met are to open the bowels with a gentle laxative—one or two teaspoon- THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. ‘ta fuls of castor oil is the best; to reduce fever and allay congestion and pain—a pill of 2 grains of an- tikamnia, one grain of quinine and ¢ grain of pulv. capsicum given 3 times a day (or one antikamnia and quinine tablet) will hold him in a very comfort- able shape; and lastly to sustain his strength, which may be done by putting him in warm, quiet quar- ters, keeping him free from excitement or annoy- ance and feeding on Nght, relishable nutrient. A pan of beef broth, a saucer of warm milk or cool milk if he is very feverish will be relished. Mush and milk or grits and milk make an excellent diet for him. He should have an abundance of fresh water, and be allowed to take moderate exercise of his own accord in good weather. If he seems to be unusually depressed and failing, it is advisable to give him a teaspoonful of some good oil emulsion or codliver oil 38 times a day. Added to this, if necessary for great weakness we would give a little cream toddy or eggnog several times a day and, if still showing symptoms of serious depression, we would suggest $ to 2 drops of tincture of nux vomica 3 times a day 74 THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. Where the head symptoms are severe and the nostrils are stopped up with mucus or purulent secretions, much relief will be afforded by wiping into each nostril or right across the nose a mixture consisting of olive oil, liquid albolene each 2 drams (120 grains) and menthol 15 grains. This will open the nostrils and encourage a discharge of the offensive secretions; and where cough is very troublesome and the respiration is embarrassed, there is much good to be derived from the use of Glyco-Heroin in teaspoonful doses 3 or 4 times a day. This excellent preparation is put up by the Martin H. Smith Co., of New York, who will ship it directly to you if your local druggist does not carry itin stock. It is known as “Glyeo-Heroin- Smith” and should be so specified when ordering it. It is almost always needed in this disease, and sel- dom fails to relieve. A few dropsof oil of tar rub- bed over the dog’s nose or on his tongue clears res- piration and opens the head very well in some eases. A ease taken early and treated sensibly should be well within a week or two instead of running on for months and ending in chorea or paralysis. GS THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. To recapitulate, we wish to impress upon our readers that we have noted the striking resemblance of this disease to La Grippe in the human subject and we have found further that care and treatment of the dog under this point of view has given us the best results. It 1s the chronic case of both dis- eases that is the serious one and likely to be follow- ed by paralysis, chorea or congestion of lungs end- ing in pneumonia or tuberculosis. We see cases of distemper of an acute character in the dog which are well, under vigorous treatment or by reason of extra constitutional vigor, in a week. We see cases of acute Grippe in the human subject that pass off in three days under a good purge, a hot mustard foot bath, and ten grains of antikam- nia and quinine followed by a sweat, and twenty- four hours in bed. On the other hand we see the same disease drag on for weeks ending in death or permanent invalidism. These are the cases that tax the judgment and patience of prescriber and nurse. Therefore when your dog shows symptoms of this disease you should take his case in hand seriously and not lose a moment in waiting to see if he will cee THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. not be better to-morrow. The disease is one that strikes at his vitals and prostrates him speedily. Everything that will maintain his powers should be utilized. Bear in mind that the whole mucous membrane in the dog is in a state of conges- tion—that he is having catarrh of the bronchial tubes and their ramifications in the lungs, that his breathing will be embarrassed and his blood consequently impaired and poisoned by reason of insufficient aeration. He will have catarrh of stom- ach and his appetite and digestion will fail. Keep this before you and you will see how necessary it will be to make him perfectly comfortable in his room. The temperature should be such as to avoid any cold draft or chill from moisture, the air should be pure and enough for his need and his bed should be clean, soft and free from humps, so that he rests without any effort to find an easy lying-spot. In the inflammatory stage of this disease, which is the first three or four days, you will try tu reduce fever and headache by slight laxatives and fever re- ducers that do not depress. We do not recommend aconite in distemper (or dog Grippe), but prefer WHE GENILEMAN’S DOG. ut the milder and safer agents, such as spts. nitre, cool sweet milk or antikamnia about half a tablet every 2 or 3 hours. Within a few days after the com- mencement of the attack unless it is aborted, you will observe the increasing catarrhal progress and the accompanying debility. The dog will be suffer- ing from headache; his weak eyes and hebetude will indicate this. Now you need to stimulate his secretions, help his breathing and hold up his gen- eral strength. Here is the place to use Glyco-Her- oin-Smith, as we have described; this wiil clear his bronchial tubes and help him bring up the clogging secretions. He will breathe deeply and his head will clear up. Now is also time to feed for pur- poses of keeping his powers up at this critical stage. His dict should be very easily digested and of am- ple value as a blood builder. If he will not volun- tarily take milk, broth, nor mush, you must stimu- Jate him at regular intervals with milk toddy, egg- nog and beef broth, fed by way of the mouth in funnel fashion as we have described in giving li- quids. With care and right attention nearly all dogs 78 THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. should be saved—but more of them die from neg- lect or treating by half-handed methods. Our friend, Polk Miller, of this city, one of the best fellows on earth to day, and who knows more about dogs than any man in Virginia, gives some excellent and timely advice on the subject of distemper which we take the liberty of copying bodily from his little book ‘ Dogs.” In reference to the brain symptoms in this disease he says: “Hivery portion of the body of the dog in which there is a “mucous membrane”’—and that’s almost everywhere—is affected by this disease. But the head seems to be the part mostly affected. The dog doesn’t seem to be able, as a man is, to ‘blow his nose” frequently, and thus get rid of the mucus, nor can he take a pinch of snuff to loosen up the accumulation. It finds a lodgment there, and seems to produce fever, which finally goes to the brain. I do not despise the remedy which the the folks in the country used when I was a boy, for I have seen great clots of mucus come from the nose of a dog which inhaled burnt tar and feathers. They shut the dog up in a close room, and made the THE GENTLEMAN'S DOG. 79 air stifling with the odor, and after remaining in it for an hour, I have seen dogs come forth sneezing and slinging mucus for six feet around. I have seen men do the same thing after taking a pinch of snuff, and they felt better afterwards. Try it on your dog. There is evidently inflammation of the brain in bad cases of distemper, and I’ve seen the most won- derful recoveries from the use of a seton, which acted as a counter-irritant, and brought the inflam- mation to the surface. This is done as follows: Take up about an inch of the skin of the dog just back of the base of the skull, on his neck, and run a big needle (called a bodkin) straight through. Thread the bodkin with some coarse twine, such as is used by grocers (the coarser the better) pull it through, leaving about three to four inches of the twine on either side of the wound. Work it back and forth a few times, and then tie it and leave it in. Next day, and for several days, untie it, and saw back and forth through the wound, so as to pre- vent its healing. Keep this up until the dog be- gins to showsigns of recovery. This is a simple 80 THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. and easy way of treating a dog, and there is little or no pain about it. Many a man’s life has been saved in pneumonia by the blistering of his chest, in order to draw the inflammation from his lungs to the surface, and since, on account of the hair of the dog, we cannot apply a blister, the se- ton is the next best thing. One very important thing is not to allow the dis- ease to get too great a start; but, as soon as you suspect it, go to your nearest drug or sporting goods store and purchase a box of Sergeant’s Condition Pills, which, acting as a powerful tonic and altera- tive, will build up his system to such an extent as to prevent the disease from making any headway whatever.” The symptoms of this trouble are so well known that they hardly require mentioning. The victim of this annoying and loathsome disease is biting and scratching all the time until his skin is thoroughly in- flamed, red, pustulous and scabby. The disease is dre to parasitic infection and usually requires both local THE GENTLEMAN'S DOG. &9 and poor elimination, accumulate morbid products in the blood rapidly and develop all phases of rhenmatie troubles. Unlike some dogs who have a happy balance of exercise with sensible food, they are not in shape to throw off waste products and consequently suffer the penalty of having indulgent masters who believe in coddling and feeding. But indolence and overfeecding are not the sole causes of rheumatism in the dog. A hard day’s hunt, a full meal of meat, and a good night’s chill- ing will do the work just as well. After a day of hard work late in the chill November days when your dog drags himself up to the porch and flops himself down for relief from his severe fatigue, he needs more attention than you would if you did such a foolish thing. In thirty minutes he will be fast asleep and chilled to the marrow. Dis blood will be driven in upon the vital organs and he will have congestion of the Jungs, kidneys and liver. It may not proceed far enough to bring on serious consequences to those organs themselves, but it will interfere with all of their functions and leave the dog’s muscles and blood charged with the poison 90 THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. that produces rheumatism and muscular soreness. The prevention of rheumatism is better than its cure. In the first place do not stuff your dog with too much meat, but feed him on a generous mixed diet, especially enough corn pone, grits or shorts to keep his bowels in a healthy condition, then protect him from cold and dampness when he is exhausted from hard work. In fact, as we have stated else- where, a dog when in repose should be comfortable and protected from cold and wet. When he comes in after your day’s hunt, you should give hima pan of water if he is thirsty, then a bowl of sweet milk, a bit or two of bread and allow him to lie down either in a comfortable close kennel or with a coverlet over him if on the porch. After two hours rest you can give him a full, nu- tritious supper, and you will find him al] right next morning for another glorious day afield. If you have been so unfortunate as to allow your dog to contract this painful affection, then he must be treated and carefully housed. His diet should be lessened in quantity and changed in quality. Milk, butter milk, mush, “pot liquor’ and cooked THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. 91 greens are good. A light purge of rochelle salts, or cream of tartar every other day for a few days will help him. The great remedy for this trouble, for direct antidoting and removing pain and the cause of it, is usually salicylic acid in some com- bination such as salicylate of sodium. This may be given in five grain doses three times a day until the dog is relieved. What we greatly prefer however, both for con- venience of administration and universal relief, is Antikamnia and Salol. This may. be had in a sin- gle tablet, and one may be given two or three times a day, which will afford speedy relief. St. Vitus’ Dance. (Chorea). The dog, like his human friends, is subject to many nervous troubles aad none more disabling to himself nor painful to his master than Chorea. This is a troublesome affection to get at by reason of its obscure origin. In one so sensitive as the dog, it may result from many very different causes, consequently it is one of those difficult diseases to THE GENTLEMAN g DOG. Je) bo find the particular disturbing or exciting cause. In a few cases we have been able to trace this trouble to worms, but the cause is usually of a far graver nature and not amenable to successful treat- ment. The majority of cases are simply the end results of graver antecedent diseases, notably and prinei- pally distemper. We have seen more cases follow- ing distemper than from all other causes. Wheth- er chorea is partial or general its seat is always in the central nervous system (the brain or spinal col- umn) and as long as the brain or spinal cord is con- gested or pressed upon, or irritated from nervous impulses sent back through the nerves of sensation in skin, muscle or digestive system, we will have these irregular jerky muscular movements. Now we have tried to make the matter plain to our readers how this affection is kept up, and we trust they will be able to treat their dogs, under- standingly. While most authorities hold out very little hope of cure of a choreic dog, it is by no means a reason why we should not analyze each case and make an effort along sensible lines. A fair THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. 93 number have been cured, many more might be if the proper ideas were followed out. The main re- liance has been in strychnine in small doses which has failed oftener than it has brought relief. Looking upon this disease in the true light we find that congestion of the spine will produce it; that morbid pressure from inflammatory deposits will do it, and that irritation reflected to brain or spine will do it. Now it is advisable to give strychnine a fair trial fora month. If this fails and the case is one that has followed distemper we would assume that there was chronic irritation, congestion or deposits in brain or cord and would discontinue strychnine and give an absorbent such as iodide of potassium. A most excellent prescription would be: | Iodide of Potassium, One dram. Fluid Extract Ergot, Sey hrerse Syrup Wild Cherry, 4 ounces. Give teaspoonful morning and evening. Usually the dog will be benefited by a little irri- tating liniment rubbed down the spine, not enough to blister, but to warm things up a little. There is 94 THE GENTLEMAN’S DoG. nothing better than capsicum vaseline. It may be bought in little tubes for ten cents from your drug- gist. We have found very mild descending galvanic currents to do much good in a few cases, but on the whole treatment is not as satisfactory as it should be, but enough cases are curable to warrant the trouble with a valuable dog. Convulsions or Fits, Fits in puppies generally arise from worms, con- stipation, or over feeding with meat. Remove the cause and usually the puppy is allright. In older dogs we find a somewhat different condition, for they seem to partake of epileptic seizures, and usn- ally follow from constipation or over exertion and excitement. For such dogs we would advise a laxative diet. moderate exercise and a brain and nervous sedative. We know of nothing better than the following: Bromide of Sodium, 3 ounce. Fluid Extract of Ergot, 2 drame, THK GENTLEMAN’S DOG. 95 Syrup Acacia, 1 onnee. Distilled water, 3 ounces. Give teaspoonful twice a day. If the dog is poorly nourished and not strong, in- stead of the above we would give the following pill morning and evening for a week or two at a time: Sulphate of Iron, 10 grains. Extract Nux Vomica, 4 grains. Extract Taraxacum, 30 grains. Make into 30 pills. Should you prefer a liquid instead of this pill your druggist can prepare this for you: Dialysed Iron, 4 ounce. Tincture Nux Vomica. 1 dram. Fld. Ext. Taraxacum, 2 ounces. Syr. Simple, 2 rae Mix and give dog teaspoonful 3 times a day. Lice. There is no greater pest nor one least suspected than lice on dogs. Asa general rule one is not apt to think of a dog having lice on him. Somehow it 96 THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. is unusual to see a dog owner who suspicions lice when he finds his dog annoyed with an intractable itching and an irritable skin. He may think of fleas, eczema, or scratches, but seldom closely ex- amines his Jog for those dreadful pests. The greatest surprise we ever had was in a case of a beautiful setter which seemed to go almost wild from an acute erythema. We regulated his digestion, and bathed him in soothing lotions, but no relief. Finally we took a strong glass and ex- amined the skin closely at the roots of the hairs, when we found hiin simply alive with millions of the smallest lice. Quick work can be made of these invaders with the following: Kerosene oil, 3 ounces. Liquid Albolene, 4 ounces. Spirits Turpentine, 1 ounce. Mix—Rub well into dog’s hide and wash with a good soap suds next day. Polk Miller gives the following: Kerosene oil, 1 pint. Melted lard, hs: THE GENTLEMAN'S DoG. Sl and internal treatment after it las become chronic. After thoroughly cleansing the skin with some good carbolized soap or alkaline wash, the dog should be treated to an inunction of some one of the various specific oil preparations or ointments containing some paraciticide. The basis of all of the local applications for the ecnre of scratches will be found to be sulphur, tar or carbolie acid held in oily suspension. Sometimes one is taker, and fre quently all are used in one prescription. The great secret in the whole range of external remedies consists in getting them thoroughly ap- plied to the hide, which is not only difficult but disagreeable unless it is andertaken seriously and with a full determination to do it as it should be done. And next to this thorough application of the remedy in importance is the prevention of re- infection. Unless great care is taken to keep the dog quar- antined so that he cannot lounge and sleep about promiscuously, you cannot destroy all of his bed ding and disinfect his quarters after he is well; and unless this is done he will reinfeet himself again 89 THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. and again and you will finally conclude that you have an incurable case on your hands. Unless the treatment is properly conducted in all of its details, this is one of the most unmanageable diseases we ever encountered; and where it is properly handled it is always easily cured. One of the best English setters we ever owned was ruined by this half-handed treatment in the beginning. He had an unusual coat of very long hair and we employed what we supposed was a good, responsible negro man to give him his pre- paratory scrubbing and to follow with the inunction. We left the matter to him for the first week or ten days, when to our horror we found the dog suffer- ing from blood poisoning from absorption of pus from the numerous ulcers and abscesses concealed under his matted and half washed hair But for our great affection for the poor beast we would have humanely ended his life. As it was, after six months of the most intense suffering on his part and the most troublesome attention on our part, he eame out of the disease with the loss of every hair on him, and as deaf as a post. The poor dog seem THE GENTLEMAN'S DOG. 83 ed to be conscious of his great affliction, and avoided his friends and former acquaintances, staying in his kennel most of the time and finally wandered away one day and never returned. We firmly believe he died of grief over his humiliating affliction. We give this as an example of what may happen from half-way treating some unusual cases of this very contagious and loathsome disease when it first makes its appearance—the very time to put in your. best efforts. Coming to the treatment proper we would advise, except in very cold weather, that all long haired dogs should be clipped, so that their skins ean be well washed and medicated ointments or oils easily applied to the entire surface. We do not say this is absolutely necessary, but it saves a deal of labor and insures correct treatment and earlier cure. It favors against the dog’s reinfecting himself from concealed secretions under matted hair. After cutting the hair if you conclude do so, then give the dog a good cleansing bath, with the chill slightly taken off, of carbolized soap suds or castile soap with a tablespoonful of creolin in the §4 THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. water. Rub him well, in fact, scrub him clean. When he has been thoroughly dried off or rubbed dry then apply either of the following preparations to every portion of his body except his eyes—with the hands just go over the dog working it into every inch of his skin. You can select from the following—they are all good—the main thing is to use them faithfully, and so as to hit the spot: Dr. Hall in his treatise gives this: Sulphur Sublimed 8 ozs. Whale Oil 8 ozs. Oil of Tar 4 OZ. Mix thoroughly. Polk Miller, whom we have already introduced, gives the following: “Take quarter-pound each of tar and sulphur and one pound of vaseline. Mix them thoroughly (first the tar and vaseline) and add to the mix- ture a half-ounce of pure carbolic acid. After thoroughly greasing the dog with it—once in two days—wash him off well with warm water and soap. When dry apply an ointment as before. THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. 85 Two or three applications generally cure, but it may be necessary to make as many more.” We have derived most excellent results from the following prescriptions given us by our friend, Dr. Chas. H. Epps, V. 8., of this city: Sulphur 4 ounces. Pot. Bicarb 4 ounce. Petrolatum 6 ounees. Work into an ointment and apply as directed. Another good one: Fish Oil 1 qt. Sulphur elie Ol Tar 4 ounces. Ol Turpentine 2 ounces. Mix. In chronic cases where the blood needs alterative remedies he prefers the following: Fowler’s Solution of Arsenic. Give 2 drops first day and increase 2 drops every day until you get to 20, then decrease 2 a day until you get back to 2 drups. 86 ‘HE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. Worms. The man who knows how to successfully treat Distemper, Scratches and Worms in his dogs is pre- pared to meet four-fifths of the troubles that he will encounter. These are the three bugbears of the canine practitioner or dog owner. For this reason we have devoted unusual space to the fore- going subjects and now we shall try to show the important part played by these intestinal parasites in producing a multitude of ills in the puppy and grown dog alike. All dogs under certain conditions are liable to be — infested by this curse, and especially the puppy. Their presence is responsible for fictitious appetite, loss of strength and animation, dead and lusterless coats, chronic diarrhoeas, fits, chorea, weakness of Joins and irregular gait. Dogs fed on infected, decomposing refuse foods are more likely to eat the eggs or ova producing these worms, and such dogs with impaired digestion and foul contents in stomach and intestinal tract are more likely to develop and mature these worms. THE GENTLEMAN'S DOG. 87 Consequently a dog with worms necessarily has feeble digestion on the one hand and on the other is much more likely to develop the ova when in- troduced into his digestive tract. It is obvious therefore that as a preventive of worms there is nothing better than attention to the proper diet. Now when you see your puppy on a decline, with scrubby hair and a miserable little diarrhoea, you may suspicion worms. If he hasa fit now and then along with these symptoms, you may be still more certain. Your older dog is not as likely to have fits nor diarrhoea, but he may have both along with his bleared eyes, voracious appetite, rongh coat, and loss of flesh. Of course, if you notice worms in his defecations, it is positive proof of his infection. Nevertheless, the general symptoms will be enough to warrant the assumption that your dog is ““wormy.”’ Like many other troubles, human and canine, in this case the diagnosis (ascertaining what disease is present) is of more importance than the treatment, for this can be made effective quite easily with the proper remedies. You can buy a number of pre- 88 THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. parations under various names for expelling worms, and most of them are good, and if directions are followed will relieve the dog of his internal enemies. But all of them depend upon one ingredient viz: - Santonin, the active principle of wormseed. You ean get from your druggist a few graing or tablets of Santonin, give the proper dose to your dog —say half grain to grain and a half, according to age and size, and in three hours follow with a good purge of castor oil. Some prescribers prefer to give santonin and oil together, but we prefer giving the vermicide an hour or two ahead to kill the worms before sweeping them out with the oil. This is all there is to worm expelling, in a nut shell, and if you have not so and so’s remedy at hand, you will do just as well with what we have given you. Rheumatism, Many people forget that the dog is especially prone to rheumatism and gonty affections, particular- ly the well fed, middle aged, city dog. These ani- mals by reason of insufficient exercise, rich food oe) ~j THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. Spirits Turpentine, 4 gill. Mix and apply as above. Coughs, The dog is subject to colds and pulmonary and bronchial cough, acute and chronic. The best line of treatment is to make the dog warm and comfortable, regulate his bowels, and give him a stimulating and soothing mixture. The cod liver oil emulsions are excellent, raw egys are good, but the very best remedy for this entire state of affairs is Glyeo Heroin-Smith. Teaspoonful three or four times a day. - = ( G)\ ¢ Ed Oo Oe eee THE WOUNDED DOG, Pa LL dog owners and dog lovers should be pre- > pared to treat sudden injuries and wounds to which the dog may be exposed. It is the unexpect- ed that happens, and it usually happens when you are away from help and dependent upon yourself. It is unpardonable in anyone to allow a dog to die from loss of blood from an open wound or severed artery, or for a broken leg to be allowed to swing and grind its fragments until the poor dog can drag itself home. These things have occurred and may occur again with anyone who does not inform himself and is not prepared to meet the con- ditions. The usual lacerated or incised wounds are accom. THE GENTLEMAN'S DOG. 99 panied with either capillary or arterial hemorrhage. Where no artery is cut, we have simply oozing (capillary hemorrhage). In such cases all that is necessary is to cleanse the wound with simple water, no soaps nor carbolic acid, and dust on a little iodo- form for ordinary abraded wounds. If the wound is deeper and gaping, it shonld be brought together with a compress and bandage, or by means of a stitch or two, and the iodoform or other antiseptic dressing powder sprinkled over all, not inside before drawing together, as we would on an ordinary abraded or surface wound that must heal gradnally by granulation. Dear this in mind for deeply cut or lacerated wounds that are brought together must not have any drug, chemical or powder left inside after closing. We wish to call your attention here to another one of the popular crazes which we hope you will not fall into. It is the eternal cry about germs, antiseptics, blood poison and the like. It is fashion- able nowadays to fight unseen germs, and the poor child and his playmate, the dog, are both to be pitied when they fall into the hands of the germ 100 THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. erazy faddist, whether he be a fool doctor or an excitable layman. No poison applied to any wound facilitates its healing, and if used tvo freely, retards and prevents it. Most of the germicides and antiseptics are poisonous and are used to kill something, and while they are killing the imaginary germs they may kill the healing processes or the dog! We do not discourage sanitary antisepsis in its proper application, but used foolishly and in the wrong place, so-called antiseptics have done a world of harm. Your dog is sure to lick his wounds, and nature intended that he should, but it never intend- ed that he should lick carbolie acid, corrosive sub- limate nor formaldehyde. Mr. Lawson Tait, the most celebrated and suecess- ful surgeon that England ever produced, wrote us a little before his death that in his hundreds of successful abdominal operations he never used any- thing about the patient but plain water from the hydrant tap. No man in this country or Europe has ever equalled Tait’s sucesses. We introduce THE GENTLEMAN'S DOG. 101 this to assure you that you need not poison your dog in trying to cure him! But we will get back to the subject of hemorrhage. If the wound has been deep and an artery has been divided, hemorrhage will be rapid and abundant. No time is to be lost. The blood will come out in a stream in spurts, unless the end of the artery is obstructed by overlapping flesh, and then it will come ont as a flow—a rapid, running stream. This kind of bleeding may be controlled in several ways. If it is a small artery and over a bony surface, it may be controlled by pressure between the open wound and _ the heart; just press here and there until the flow is checked. Cold applications and pressure with lint or cotton on the wound itself will help. Most of the arteries in the legs are found on the inner sides of the legs, this is the place to apply pressure. This is only safe for small arteries. A better way is to have a small pair of rattooth forceps and try to see the spouting place and seize it and twist it around once or twice. This is called torsion, and will quickly arrest a dangerous hemor- 102 THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. rhage. Another most excellent way is to have a curved needle (such as surgeons use) with a well waxed silk thread, and sponge or mop out the wound until you see exactly the spot from which the blood is sponting, and then insert the point to one side of the artery, carry it under for | inch and bring it out on opposite side and tie tightly across the mouth of the bleeding vessel. This will arrest any hem- orrhage. Cut one end of string short and Jet the other hang out of the wound. After bleeding has been stopped and clots and other foreign matter have been cleaned away, bring the edges of the wound together and take a few stitches with the same curved needle and stout silk thread. Tie the stitches only moderately tight to allow for swelling, which would cause tlem to cut out, if very tight. The dressing over all should be simply dusting with iodoform, aristol, baby powder or soot from the chimney. Tyree’s Antiseptic Powder, made by our friend, J. 8. Tyree, Washington, D. C., is the best thing you could get. You may fix your dog up all right and yet make a failure of his case by neglecting to provide a place THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. 103 where he can be kept quiet and free from disturb- ance by tbe other dogs, horses or cattle about the premises. A sick dog or a wounded dog doesn’t want to be played with or annoyed by other dogs running over him and jumping around him. Unless he isin a good, safe room, he is in constant dread and apprehension of being walked over when unable to get about. So let us beg you not to leave a wounded dog to shuffle for himself after you have dressed his injury, he needs your help more then than ever. In addition to wounds, the dog is hable to fractures and dislocations, which need prompt attention also A broken leg should not condemnea dog to a life of uselessness nor to ve shot because it is troublesome to get him well. If your dog breaks his leg while away from home, just take him in a vehicle or ona stretcher and bring him home, after straightening the limb and wrapping a few turns of a broad handkerchief around it to keep it in place. The novice must not think that noone but a professional man can properly adjust a broken bone. He may not do it as well as a veterinarian, but he 104 THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. can do it well enough to make his dog comfortable and bring about a satisfactory cure with a perfectly useful leg. All fractures require three things for successful unior, viz: replacement of the fragments, retaining them in position, and non—nse of same until the callus or ferrule of organized plasma has been thrown around the broken ends and solidified. It is useless to-attempt to cure a broken leg and allow your dog to flop around and sleep on the porch floor or under the steps. Just what we have said about giving the wounded dog a safe, quiet place to stay in during his convalescence applies even more forcibly to the dog with a broken leg. Indeed, many eases of fracture in the smaller ani- mals only require that the animal should be so con- fined as to prevent it from attempting to travel about. The animal usuaily has no desire to move about with a broken limb, and when he is confined to restricted quarters and sees that he cannot get away he will not attempt motion in such narrow limits. Usaally it is only necessary to pull the limb THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. | ~ 105 straight in small dogs, make a few turns of thick felt cloth or canton flannel three or four inches wide around the broken ends; secure with safety pins or stitches, and confine the dog to limited quarters. This bandage must not be tight enough to produce congestion or swelling in the foot, but just enough to act as a mild support. The majority of fractures will be cured without deformity by this simple procedure. Where the dog is a large, heavy animal it is necessary to use more substantial means of retaining big bones in place. There are many expedients for doing this, but all depend upon using some adaptable device or mate- rial that can be moulded or fitted to the limb. We must straighten the leg to the length of the corres- ponding one, and then protect bony parts from pressure of retaining splint by linen compresses or other suitable padding. Now we can mould over this a suitable retaining support from sole leather, gutta percha, binder’s board, starch bandage or plaster of paris. Probably the simplest for the country man, away from the conveniences of the city, is leather or pasteboard splint. This can be 106 THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. softened and brought snugly around the limb for an inch or two above and below the fracture. It ean encircle the leg as a whole piece or be more elaborately made in two pieces. Some turns of a common bandage wild hold it together or it may be perforated and tied nicely with snoe laces or cord. Remember, you must not squeeze the dog’s leg, but allow a little room for circulation. If the dog per- sists in getting up and moving around, it will be well to put a little harness or jacket around his shoulders and attach the bandage or retaining ap- paratus from its upper margin to prevent its slip- ping down too far, and in this manner you can retain a loosely fitting splint in place. Where the thigh bone is broken, it will be necessary to use more care and a broad splint mould- ed toembrace the whole leg. We would recommend the accurate moulding of a piece of leather or gutta percha from the dog’s fout all along the an- terior face of the leg above the seat of fracture, good padding and the whole held up against this splint by ample bandage and tight enough to hold rather well. In experienced hands, we would rec. THE GENTLIMAN’S DOG. 10% ommend a light plaster cast for the whole limb. The time required for the union of these bones varies from a week to three weeks, according to age and condition of the animal. As soon as a hard enlargement is observed around the ends of the bones, the retaining apparatus may be removed, but the dog should only be allowed moderate ex- ercise for a week or two longer. ‘“POINTERS.”’ Wry, HE WHISTLE.— While it is proper to train DNS your dog to obey your spoken commands, it is a matter of importance to train him always to come to your whistle. In this way he can be made to hear at a far greater distance than he would hear the voice and it would be no strain to you to sound the whistle. You should use the little shrill metal or hard rubber pocket whistle. When a dog has been trained to come to the whistle he will return to his master upon hearing it more promptly than from any other eall. Rerrrevine From Wartr.— Every dog should be encouraged to be fond of taking water, playing in it and retrieving fromit. Frequently it will happen THE GENTILEMAN’S DOG. 109 that gaine will fall into a river or lake where the dog is the only oneto get it. If yourdog has been made fund of water by throwing sticks in and hav- ing him swim about after them and bringing them out to yor, he will readily plunge in and bring your duck or bird when ordered in by a wave of the hand with or without the word “fetch.” Don’t Lenp Your Doe Our.—The owner of a good dog should think enongh of him not to lend him to the best friend he has on earth. More dogs have been spoiled and ruined by being handled and hunted by men of different dispositions than in any other way. If a friend must hunt with your dog, see that he hunts with you and your dog. This is the only safe way, for everybody’s dog is nobody’s dog, and the first one to find it out is the dog himself. A truly loyal dog wiil not follow anyone but his master if his master has gained his affection. We had a dog, dear old Hunter, to whose memo- ry we have dedicated this book, who was the most enthusiasti¢ hunter we ever knew, and yet he would only hunt with us. If we wereshooting in company with others and dropped out he would leave the field 110 THE’ GENTLEMAN'S DOG. promptiy when he discovered we were not along. Sore Frer.—Until a dog gets his feet tongh and hard he is likely to suffer very much in the com- mencement of the hunting season from tender feet. The best thing we have ever tried for this is Mr. Haberlein’s suggestion in the Amateur Trainer: “During some weeks before actual work afield shall commence, frequently give your dog runs of moderate duration at first, increasing time and dis- tance at each subsequent run. This will puta good solid padding on the dog’s feet. If cracks are noticed to appear on the sole, besmear them with a little castor oil or vaseline. After a tough, thick sole has been produced, procure some pine tar, soft- en this to the consistency of a syrup, pour onto a board or tin plate ;4 of an inch deep and set dog’s foot in it, withdraw and set foot firmly down ina pan of dust taken from a dusty road devoid of sand. Treat each foot in this manner for three con- secutive days before starting out on a hunting trip, and redip once a week thereafter, and you will nev- er be bothered by a lame dog, caused by wearing his feet sore,” THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. HGR: Brians anp Burrs.—Many an enthusiastic dog has been handicapped in his work and made to suf. fer severely by having a briar or thorn in his foot where he conld not remove it, or a burr deeply matted in his hair and grinding down upon sensi- tive bleeding flesh. | Now brother huntsman, when you see your dog stop and lie down and try to get something ont of his foot, don’t leave it all to him. Do just as one of your family would for you if you had a splinter in your hand—help him get it out! The same in- junction applies to burrs under a tender ear. Tur Cottar —Always see that the dog has com- fortable room in his collar. When buckled around his neck run your hand through and see that it ean easily move around between collar and dog’s neck. See that it is wide enough to prevent twisting and cutting under strain, and see that there are no riv- ets or projections to hurt him. This looks like a simple matter, but these little things neglected im- pair the best work of your dog besides giving him unnecessary pain and annoyance. . E have told our readers a good deal about ) e training the hunting dog, which would in- dicate that a dog must be trained to be of any ae. count. Now in the main if this were not true we would have but little claim on the great army of huntsmen to buy this humble little volume. But there are exceptions to all rules and these ex- ceptions make a fellow sit up and think now and then. We are going to take enough of your time to tell you about an untrained dog that we were ac. quainted with and whose exploits we published in that admirable sportsman’s journal, /veld and Stream, of New York. We reproduce it from the November, 1905 issue: THE GENTLEMAN'S DOG. 113 “GOOD BLOOD SOMEWHERE. Having had considerable experience afield with bird dogs of varied accomplishments, pedigrees, training records, and other supposed necessary qual- ities to make them good hunters, I have naturally made some comparisons now and then between these favored canines and the common run of “pick-ups” found here and there at the farmhouses all over our state, and who are of uncertain lineage and utterly unknown to fame. I have so frequently been astounded at the good work done by these unkempt dogs that I sometimes wonder if many good dogs are not overtrained, and maybe overbred! It is a fact well know that many of our best men in all walks in life are self made men, and certainly some of the very best dogs I have known have been essentially self broken and self developed. I reeall the fact that some autumns ago I went to a gentleman’s house in a nearby county to hunt partridges, but as both of my dogs were sick, I re- lied upon finding some kind of a dog at his place. He seemed surprised that I had not brought my 114 THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. dogs with me, but said he hada “plug of a dog” that might help ont after a fashion. The animal was certainly one of very unprepossessing appear- ance. He was a kind of sorrel setter, with a de- cided suspicion of a bull dog cross abont his face. He looked sheepish and guilty, and had a woebe- gone eye. The poor fellow had been taking pot luck with his master, who was a good fellow, but a bachelor, aud even a dog would not be expected to be happy and sleek under the domestic manage- ment of a bachelor. After dinner we coneluded to take a little round after the birds, and ealling the dog out from under the house, my friend tossed him two little pieces of corn bread and bade him “git out.” The dog shook the ashes and feathers ont of his coat and exhibited. considerable interest as he saw our guns. He struck out ahead of us and dodged off into a well- covered field from which grain had been cut. Ina little while he made a very respectable stand, and [ advanced and was getting ready to flush the covey, when my friend said, ‘No birds there,—he stands moles too.” Sure enough the dog roached his back THE GENILEMAN’S DOG. 115 and pounced down with both forepaws and dug out a mole in short order. Soon the dog made another stand, and I ambled on ready fora rise, when his master said: “I think that isa hare.” It proved to be an old hare and our bird dog gave him as lively a chase as I have ever observed. In the course of fifteen or twenty minutes the dog returned and commenced hunting the field care- fully and soon came to a dead stand. “They are there,” said my friend in a confident manner. And they were there, and a beautiful covey it was. In a two hours’ hunt this peculiar dog’s work was perfectly beautiful, he finding covey after covey and standing single birds as staunchly as he did the coveys, never flushing under any circumstances, and while he would not retrieve in the usual way he would find every dead or crippled bird and stand over him until we came and got it. I never saw a more unpromising looking dog, nor have I ever hunted with a better one. My friend, Mr. Walter Harrison, living near Ash- 116 THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. land, Va., had a puppy that he took into the field last fall at ten months of age for the first time. Previous to this time, the puppy had never been trained a day in any manner, nor had he ever seen a bird; he had just loitered around the farmhouse with the hounds and curs and run as he pleased. Mr. Harrison took him out alone one afternoon to see what he would do. The little fellow soon stood a covey and held them like a “Stonewall,” to use a favorite Southern expression, and when Mr. Harrison came up and kicked them up and shot a couple of them, the puppy stood his ground until the two birds fell and tien without a word of com- mand went and got each bird and brought them to his master. He stood three coveys that afternoon and a number of singles, never flushed a bird, and retrieved every one killed. And he has kept this behavior up ever since. Mr. Harrison has never found it necessary to speak to him or give him any sort of command, for he does everything that he should do, and does it well. The lesson that we draw from these experiences is that a twan must gain the confidence of his dog, THE GENTLEMAN’S DDG. 1 ly associate with him, and let him fully understand by observation what is wanted, rather than hamper him by constant watching and training in narrow limits. The next observation that we have made is that ‘blood will tell,” even in a dog. POLK MILLER, OF VIRGINIA! iN p% E came near closing this book and making WC a big mistake; for any man living in Vir- ginia who writes a “dog book” with Polk Miller left out would be giving the pudding with all the sauce left off. We are going to give you just a glance at him to save ourselves, bless his dear old heart! Poik Miller is one of the South’s most popular humorists. He has been in the drug business in Richmond just fifty years. He is the President of the Polk Miller Drug Co., of this city. His son, W. Withers Miller, is the Secretary and Treasur- er, and is in fact the real thing when it comes to running the business, but now and then he goes off THE GENTLEMAN’S DOG. 119 on business, or pleasure trips, and the “old man” takes charge of things. They do a large mail order business in dog medicines, and one day, in the absence of the son, Polk concluded he would get out a circular to send to the druggists at large, and here it is: “Tax Dam Foor Drveeaisr.” We get orders by mail from every quarter of the United States, and on shipping the goods, we fo!- low it up with a letter which reads as follows: “Please get your nearest druggist to keep our goods in stock.” A man in Ohio who had sent in ten letters en- closing money, and four telegrams, asking them to hurry the shipment, received one of these letters of advice after each shipment, and wrote back as fol- lows: ‘You keep on writing me to get my nearest druggist to order your goods, and I have seen the dam fool druggist, but he won’t order.’ Are you one of that kind? If so, we’ll remind you that it is a peculiarity of some people to love dogs. You may think they are “dam fools,” but it won't do to tell ‘em so, particularly if the dog 120 THH GENTLEMAN’S DOG. owner should be a woman, for she would continue to love her dog, while you would roost very low, in her estimation.” About the time that Polk Miller’s printer had struck off 100 of the circulars, the son, who is of a dignified mien, and is “business all over”, came into the office, and the 100 circulars are hid away until the son can see the humor in it! Some more of his foolishness: “I's GwinkE Din Suu.” Polk Miller’s latest darkey story is on an old man whom he found sleeping at a station, waiting, as he was, for a belated train. The old fellow’s head was thrown back with his mouth wide open, and he was snoring so loud that it sounded as if some one was grinding coffee. The attention of a score or more of passengers was called to him, and a mischievous drummer slipped up and dropped, far back into his mouth, a ten grain powder of quinine. He then aroused him and asked where he was going? The old negro’s face began to show signs of distress and fear as he hawked and spat upon the ground, and 6 B said oss, is dar a Doctor ’bout here?’ “No, THE GENTLEMAN'S DOG. 121 there’s no doctor here, what do you want with a doctor, old man?” ‘Well suh, I’s gwine ter die.” ‘What makes you think so?” said the drummer. “I knows Ts gwine ter die, kase my gall is done busted |”’ BETTER THAN DOLLARS, ake HERE are men in this world who are in- YAY clined to speak disrespectfully and unkindly of huntsmen as a class. They classify them as > and seem to think that “loafers” or ‘trespassers,’ the only mission of man is to grind on forever with- out a moment’s recreation until the last call catches him with his hand on the other fellow’s dollar! You will hear them say, “I don’t see how Jones can keep a dog, a pretty gun, and take whole days off from his business and keep his bills paid, when it is all I can doto keep buckle and tongue together when I never miss a day from my business.” Well now the secret is just this: Jones is the better man of the two—he is more successful in THE GEN1LEMAN’S DOG oS business because he lightens and brightens his heart by going out and enjoying a whole glorious day over the brown and: fragrant fields, through the bright tinted woods and along the purling brook. He has rustled around and inhaled the fragrance of the pungent pine, and “life everlastin.” He has been reminded of his days back at the farm, has retrod his steps from manhood to boyhood and sat down bythe old ‘fishing hole” where he hooked his first minnows; he has come back by the the old pasture path along by the foot of the old gar- den and paused under the willow tree drooping over a lone mound-—-he has lingered long enough to lean on the old crumbling rail and go away back to the memory of the dear one resting there under that, mound. Perhaps he utters reverently the word “mother” and wipes away a tear. Jones may not have as many questionable dollars as old skinflint, but when the boatman ealls for Jones to take his last trip, there’!] be no trouble about the toll. CONTENTS PREFACE Character and Disposition How to Feed the Puppy The Puppy’s Bed . The Bath : . . : Exercise Training the Puppy Time for Training In the Field Treating the Sick Dog INDEX. General Diseases. : ‘ : ‘ 61 Diarrhea : : : ke ‘ 67 Dysentery . é ‘ : : 69 Distemper ; : : : Pet: Mange—( Scratches) ‘ : ‘ ‘ 80 Worms . : : ‘ : 86 Rheumatism ‘ ‘ : Anette! St. Vitus’ Dance ( Chorea) : ; ot Convulsions or Fits. ‘ : ps OE Lice. F ‘ ; ; 95 Cough ; , ; Pa : 97 The Wounded Dog : ; : : 98 Arrest of Hemorrrhage : : ee LOll Dressing of Wounds “ : : 102 Fracture of Bones. : : ees Treatment of Same : ‘ , 104 Pointers : ; : ~ / £08 The Whistle. ; ‘ : 108 IND EX. Retrieving from Water ; : Suess >) Don’t Lend Your Dog Out ° 109 Sore Feet : : é May (0 Briars and Burrs . : : pbs The Collar , ; ; , AG a A Natural Born Hunter. : : fe Polk Miller of Virginia ; ; : 118 Better Than Doliars : : ; ; 119 6 enna THE SWEETEST LITTLE PRESENT you could give any lady or relative is a lovely copy of KITTY DIXON A WEE BIT OF LOVE AND WAR in Blue and Gray and Gold by GO. A. BRYCE, A. M., M. D. PRICE FIFTY CENTS, at SoUTHERN CLINIC, Richmond, Va. IF YOU FEEL BLUE and begin to think that you and Old Sport have about hunted the field over, your liver is wrong. A good laugh will help it and many laughs will cure the case. Ups and Downs of a Virginia Doctor By CC. A, BERYCH, AVE. VM. 493. Witt Furnisa tHe Remepy. The records show that four persons have laughed themselves to death already, but thousands have been saved by it and you can chance if. PRICE ONE DOLLAR. Send Sienat to the old fellow himself for it. Dr. BRYCE, SouTHERN CLInIc, Richmond, Va FoR EIELD SHIOOTING Use Shells Loaded With WALSRODE POWDER Schoverling, Daly & Gales, 302-304 BROADWAY, NEW YORK. ag gg Oe ie ee ee a ee ee ec ne ee bash NN a i es at f } the elsve jen FAY 1 int iy Let a | . F ; "A Bf i Thy ult i . Vee arn ae Dts Fy Vee oe A " j Pe we ; i } { ; ha ile ara ere ee iyiN i , a .U 3 * ans Ree a iy, a ; i i { ) i had y y. j 4 rp LAN : fa ji ‘ i y ‘ ny , ee, Hi i ae i j ™ * Wish! 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