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THE
GRAIN GROWING
APPARATUS

WHAT IT IS 33 3 WHAT IT DOES

AND HOW IT WILL MAKE AND
SAVE MONEY FOR EVERY
FEEDER OF LIVE STOCK

BY

AMERICAN GRAIN GROWING CO.

HOME OFFICE AND FACTORY
CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, U.S.A.

Copyrighted 1902

American Grain Growing Company

bo

GONGRESS;
Two a: RECEIVED

JUN. 1902

ENTRY

Gg, 1FO2-
CLASS Wx ie

33325

coPY_B.
—

T has been said that ‘‘ he who causes two blades of grass to grow where
I but one grew before is a benefactor to humanity.”’ If this be true,

and we believe all will agree that it is, then he who devises a plan
whereby double value may be secured from the grain ration as ordinarily
fed to live stock, must be regarded as doubly a benefactor to mankind.
Certain it is that the general methods employed at the present time are
wasteful and unsatisfactory. Any improvement in such methods by
which waste is avoided and better results obtained means a corresponding
increase in_ profits.

It is the purpose of the pages which follow to introduce to the reader
an apparatus for the sprouting and growing of grain for feeding purposes,
new in principle, far reaching in results. Its general scope is the effecting
of chemical changes in the flinty seed grains, dispersing certain of the
constituent elements and adding others of vastly increased value, and ren-
dering the whole a perfectly succulent, soluble food, in a form that the
animal may digest and assimilate every nutrient in its make-up. The
particular duty it sets for itself is, in brief, the accomplishment of these
most salutary purposes:—

Conmit

=

Introduction

1. It increases the weight by the growth of the grain up to 1007. -
2. Renders the grain wholly digestible and nutritive.
3. Brings to the grain by chemical changes most valuable food
elements not otherwise obtainable.
4. It aids the digestion of other food with which the grown
erain comes in contact.
5. The food supplies the best tonic that can be given to animals.
6. It converts corn, the great stock feeding material, into the
ideal food for poultry, and all young growing ode
It supplies at all seasons of the year a food to all animals
which is the equivalent and counterpart of the nutritious
pastures of summer.

~“

These propositions may suggest themselves as extremely radical to

one unfamiliar with the scope and bearings of our invention. We expect
otis taste true. °° Elites Pasis of the apparatus presumes a wide departure
o* Hroth Welk -astablishad ‘feeding practices. It sets aside much misapphed
3yc08 know le dge, of chemistry and food materials. But we make our statements

e iC ee a*s
of

ee © teil dsl; dnc in “hie slight of crucial, practical tests, having ourselves
: vanes He proven ‘the truth of ev ery claim.

We therefore submit this catalogue for your careful study and medita-
tion, with full faith that the practice of its teachings will prove to be of
vastly increased profit to you in your live stock feeding operations.

Most respectfully yours,

AMERICAN GRAIN GROWING CO.,
Chicago, U. S. A.

What Is Nature’s Intent?

HFCRE entering upon the true object of this book, we have thought
B it wise to go into a discussion of a few facts which, while not of

themselves necessary to the success of what follows, still have a more
or less direct bearing on the matter and which will ultimately lead up to
the main subject.

Primarily, we wish to make the somewhat broad statement that seeds,
and by seeds we mean grains of all classes, were not intended by nature as
food for animals. We know of course that in taking this position we shall
meet with the opposition of very many people and more particularly those
who have not taken the time to investigate these matters, or even to closely
observe natural conditions surrounding them. It is with a full knowledge
of these facts that we make the above assertions, and have only to say in
their support that they are not the result of mere hap-hazard conjecture
but rather result from a deep study of the subject coupled with extended
and well regulated experiment.

Let us in the first place then consider a seed in its natural construc-
tion, and as the best known and most common of the class of seeds let us
select corn as the example.

We find the single seed or grain of corn completely enveloped in a
hard and horny shell which is of such a degree of toughness and leathery
consistency as to be capable of withstanding many kinds and varieties of
treatment without breaking down and meeting dissolution of its molecular
construction. So great indeed is this protection that the seed may, and
times without number does, pass through the entire alimentary canal of an
animal and be again deposited upon mother earth without in the least
impairing its vitality or growing ability.

No proof need be brought in substantiation of this claim as it has
been noted times without number, how in proper season, corn has been
found growing in the fields and by the roadside from the decaying and
disintegrated droppings of animals.

What has been said of corn in this particular is true to a much
greater extent of the smaller grains, and the seeds of plants.

We know, for instance, of pieces of land, feed lots and milking yards
particularly, becoming almost completely seeded with clover by the drop-
pings of animals which were being pastured on second crop or aftermath
clover. Many farmers have suffered from the ravages of weeds, which is
one form of plant life, by buying and bringing to their own farms animals,
as cattle, from another section of the country which had with them at the

Seeds and
grains not
intended
as food for
man and
animals,

Nature’s
care in
protecting
seeds.

Vitality and

indigestibility

of seeds.

(By

time, within the stomach and intestines,

-s such seeds. Most of us have observed
how the excreta of birds are a most fruit-
ful source of trouble to the agriculturist
by the ease and rapidity with which
they will pollute a country with new, often
unknown and injurious plant life. These few
examples should serve to show how the seeds of plants
have been provided with protecting coats of mail as it were,
enabling them to completely escape, first, the mastication of animals, and

Seeding of second, the action of the powerful acids and other effects of the gastric

lands from
excreta ot juices of the stomach and intestines, and still come again into outer life
birds, ete. ynharmed and with the life germ active and unimpaired.

Since these things are true we have come naturally to the conclusion
that seeds were never intended as food for men and animals. This position
is further borne out by the natural indigestibility of these various seeds
and substances, and this holds true even after they have undergone the

Ordinary Most careful preparation by man. It is assumed by most feeders that
reparation’ when corn is once ground and fed in combination with other substances
grain doesnot that it is made wholly or entirely digestible. No greater mistake could
digestibility. Hossibly be made than to rely upon these conclusions as absolute. A care-
ful washing of the excreta of animals which are being fed on ground grain,

particularly corn, will show that large amounts of the grain have passed

through the animal undigested.

FEEDING ONE ANIMAL ON THE WASTE OF ANOTHER

That this is the result of feeding whole grain is well understood, and
that the practice is a most wasteful one, amounting in many cases to a loss
of fully fifty per cent of the grain so fed, is accepted as fact by most

The struggle feeders. It is this knowledge and the resulting desperate desire of the feeder
toavoid to recover a part of this great loss which has brought about the loathsome,
unsanitary, unnatural and disease breeding practice of feeding one animal
upon the excretions of another. This refers in particular to the common

and repulsive practice of following cattle with hogs.

It is a proper observance and due consideration of all these things
which has led us to the conclusion first mentioned, i.e. that seeds—grains
—were never intended by nature to be employed as food for man and
animals.

SAVING THE WASTE

The inventor and originator of the process and machines hereinafter

marett to be described, having suffered in common with all feeders from the
worthiessand natural waste and absolute loss resulting from the present methods of feed-
ing, sought some means of their obviation with the results which follow. —

It was found that such a considerable proportion of the grain ration

remained undigested even after the most careful preparation by the best

known methods, such as grinding to various degrees of fineness, steaming,
cooking, soaking, ete., that some other means had to be devised and adopted.

It was found by careful and long drawn out experiment, coupled with
a strict analysis of all substances brought into use, that nature had a way
of so changing seeds and other grains as to make them entirely digestible.

It has long been known that the digestion of the mouth, which em-
braces the mastication of the food and a thorough mixing with the saliva,
had a more direct and salutary action upon the breaking down of grain
constituents and the changing of their chemical relations and forms than
the after action of the stomach and intestines. This action and change are
due to the presence of ptyalin, a diastatic ferment which exists in consid-
erable quantities in the mucus substances, (saliva) of the mouth and
not anywhere else in the animal economy. ‘The office of this diastatic
ferment is to produce such chemical changes within the food substances as
to make them readily convertible into soluble form whereby they become
digestible and ready for assimilation by the blood. This change which
results entirely within the mouth progresses as follows:

The starchy substances of the food are first converted into dextrin
and sugar in combination, and then by further action of the diastatic and
other ferments into sugar alone. The action of the diastatic ferment is so
powerful that one part of it is capable of changing or transforming 2000
parts of starch. It must be remembered as stated above, however, that
salutary and desirable as are these effects, they exist and take place only
in the digestion of the mouth. To produce these very desirable results
therefore, it would be necessary for the animal to hold the food within the
mouth in the act of mastication until the whole mass was completely
reduced to a liquid or soluble form. This we all know they will not do,
the tendency to bolt the food being always present, notwithstanding our
very best efforts to prevent it by means of mechanical apphances, ingen-
iously contrived feeding troughs, etc. It is not possible to train or even
compel animals to eat their food so slowly and masticate it so thoroughly
as to produce the best possible results in after digestion and assimilation.

The very desirable action of the diastatic ferment was well known to,
and most highly appreciated by, the great William Gladstone, though we
have no knowledge of his having been in any sense a feeder of animals ora
student in that direction. Touching on the subject, however, he mentioned
it as being in his opinion the precise reason for his great longevity, stating
on one occasion that he lived long because he made it a rule to masticate
every morsel of food which went into his
mouth thirty-two times before swallowing it.

GERMINATION--NATURE’S PROCESS

In casting about for the means of bring-
ing large masses of food into the same soluble
and digestible condition in which we find
them within the mouth of the animal, after

Natural
methods.

Digestion
of grain
within the
mouth.

Ptyalin
and its
properties.

Chemical
changes
resulting
from mouth
digestion.

Impossibilities
of mouth
digestion.

William
Gladstone’s
recipe for
longevity.

How nature
changes

the seed and
comparison

with mouth
digestion.

Seeds not
intended
entirely as
food for
the young
plant.

Seeds sprout
and grow
without the
presence of
all the seed
substances.

having been thoroughly masticated and well mixed with the mucus
substances, (saliva), we were led to the analysis of the sprouted and
growing grain.

We found by analysis that the masticated bolus of food taken from
the mouth of the animal and the sprouted corn taken: from the ground
showed practically the same chemical constituents, the same food sub-
stances, and that they had both undergone the same changes. Here then
was the basis of our first active operation. If we could but find some
means of bringing the grain forward in a natural state of growth and
development in requisite quantity, and in succession from day to day, we
had solved the problem, and felt that by so doing we should prove the
humble means of one of the greatest benefactions to humanity. How
successful we have been we shall leave to the judgment of the reader after
he has finished a perusal of this book.

Having to some extent looked into the digestion of foods within the
mouth of an animal, and observed the changes brought about there, let us
for a short time consider the changes which take place in the great chemi-
cal laboratory of nature in preparing the seed as food for the young plant,
that is, so much of it as may be required for that purpose.

Just at this juncture we are compelled to depart to some slight extent
from the ordinarily accepted theory relative to this matter. It has been laid
down in the past as an inflexible rule in nature that the seed is intended
to supply the young plant with food until it has grown sufficiently and
has developed the necessary organs for extracting its nourishment from the
soil and air. We have not found this to be the case to any considerable
extent, and are not, therefore, prepared to subscribe entirely to the old
theory concerning these things.

Our own extended experiments have demonstrated in the most satis-
factory way that these things are true only in part, and that for the simple
development of the plant only a small part of the components of the seed
will be absorbed.

If, therefore, the acrospire and radicle be carefully removed from a ker-
nel of sprouted corn and planted in the ground under normal and natural
conditions in that form, it will grow and develop with the

same force and rapidity as another along side of it from
which the seed has not been taken. A fact in this
connection which is even better and more generally

understood is that the eye, which is the live
germ of a potato, may be removed entirely
from the great mass of the parent tuber
without in the least affecting its growing

ability. Weare of the opinion that the
old and generally accepted theory on
this subject results largely from

the fact that if a plant
ee be pulled up

Sugden. Some time

after growth has started the parent seed will be found as a shell from
which all substance has been absorbed or otherwise dispelled. This fact is
one quite well known to us, but the two examples of the corn and potato
stated above prove that the absorption of the endosperm, (entire inner sub-
stance of a seed), is for a different purpose and result entirely. We hold
that the absorption by the plant of the endosperm, is not, therefore, for
the nutriment of the plant, but that there exists within the seed substance
certain live materials, organisms or cells which in accord with the laws of
propagation and the reproduction of their species, live within the sap or
blood ‘of the plant, and again reproduce themselves into a new seed. It is
of greatest importance that these materials or cells are taken up by the
young plant in the greatest quantity for the production of a large crop, and
as they are of a very composite nature and easily decomposed, it follows
that under unfavorable atmospheric conditions which retard the growth of
the plant, the destruction of these cells occurs before they can be absorbed.

The first action of the seed in beginning new life is the absorbing of
water. Farmers and gardeners in order to facilitate the growth of the seed
haye often found soaking before planting very beneficial.

Water furnishes the seed and afterwards the plants with hydrogen and
oxygen. The next action of the plant is the absorbing of carbon dioxide
by the roots and leaves. Carbon dioxide consists of carbon and oxygen.

When the elements of water, viz.: hydrogen and oxygen, combine
chemically with the elements of carbon dioxide they produce a combina-
tion of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen; one part of oxygen is liberated,
forming the constituents of the so called
hydro carbons of the plants, viz.: cellu-
lose, starch, sugar, fats, ete. .

As previously stated, before the
young plants grow leaves, carbon dioxide /
cannot be absorbed from the air; it has to
be taken from the earth through the
roots. The earth which contains carbon
dioxide is the so called humus earth, and
is the product of decomposed animal and
vegetable matter. Under the influence of
water, light and heat, it deliquates car-
bon dioxide and ammoniac, and the latter
by further oxidation can directly be
absorbed by the roots
of the plants, thus
forming the nitrogen
which is found in the

Other offices
of the
endosperm
or seed
substance.

Endosperm
in relation to
abundant
crops.

Plant elements
and methods
of distribution.

Changes
into other
substances.

Humus earth
—what it is
and what

it does.

Following
nature’s
methods.

Unnatural
means of
preparing
malt.

Advantages
of corn as a
main feeding
ration in its
changed
form,

albumen, gluten, legumin and other protein substances of the plants.

The compounds of carbon dioxide and ammoniac are volatile, and are
precipitated by rain, snow, dew, etc., furnishing thereby to the plants these
nutriments in liquid forms; nevertheless, a direct assimilation by the
plants of such matters from the air also takes place.

If the plants can abundantly absorb all these substances the develop-
ment and growth is greatly accelerated; nevertheless, the atmospheric air
and accompanying conditions often act unfavorably and may hinder and
retard the growth by too much or too little moisture, warmth and light.

The apparatus controls in the most natural manner all necessary
conditions and furnishes abundantly the above mentioned elements and
nutriments to the cereals within, and the seed is quickly started to life,
and a further uniform growth continuously sustained.

The present sprouting process of the brewers in making malt is not a
natural growing process; it provides no nutriment to the grain and there-
fore is slow in development of the sprout, the main object being to secure
the greatest amount of sugar from the starch. Prolongation of this process

uickly destroys valuable substances in the grain by oxidation, prevents
an increase in weight, and has, therefore, no value as a process for growing
grain for feeding purposes.

It transpires, therefore, that the action of germination in grains through
the presence of ptyalin or diastatic ferment, brings them to exactly the
same condition as we found them within the mouth of the animal after
only the most thorough mastication and exposition to the action of the
saliva and other ferments of the mouth.

This then brings us to the point we sought, i. e., the means of bringing
grains to this entirely soluble and wholly digestible condition in an easy,
abundant and economical way. We have attained all we sought and even
more by the invention and perfecting of our grain growing apparatus as it
appears on these pages.

While the apparatus will handle equally well all varieties of grains,
we have confined our experiments more largely to corn than the other
grains for the following reasons:

In the first place we are situated within that great imaginary zone
reaching from the Ohio Valley west to the Rocky Mountains, known as the
Corn Belt. Within this section corn grows almost spontaneously within
the proper season. It transpires that under these conditions corn is more
largely fed than any of the other grains because of its ease and cheapness
of production and its very universality.

Furthermore, none of the other grains are so widely grown, that is,
over so wide an area and under so many and such varying conditions
of altitude and latitude.

In the feeding of corn under the conditions of ease mentioned above,
there has been produced the most baneful results by reason of the excess
carbon crowded into the animal economy. Corn is exceedingly rich in
carbon, and for that reason becomes an exceedingly one sided or unbal-
anced food for animals. This fact is well known to intelligent feeders, and
in their desperation to escape the direful results they are either compelled
to buy large quantities of other food stuffs, rich in constituents other than
carbon, with which to tone down the carbon content of the corn, thereby
producing a ration which is practically balanced in the relation of its
various food constituents to each other, or continue to suffer the enormous
loss resulting from the feeding of excess amounts of corn in order to secure
the requisite amounts of other substances.

Just here it may be added that the facts just stated above have been
largely responsible also for the practice throughout the great feeding sec-
tions of allowing hogs to follow cattle in the feed lots.

SOLUBILITY OF FOODS

Harlier in a discussion of these subjects we made some short reference to
the solubility of foods in general and of the grains treated by our apparatus
in particular. This is a matter of such very great importance in its
relation to feeding results that we wish to take the matter up somewhat at
length in this place. We may base our claims upon that well known law
existing everywhere in nature, which is, that every living thing in either
animal or plant life can take nourishment only in the liquid form. This
does not necessarily mean that the food must be liquid when taken into
the alimentary canal, although the more nearly it approaches
that condition the better, but that by processes of digestion it
must reach a liquid, or at least semi-liquid condition before any
assimilation to the blood, and hence to life, can be possible.

Since these are well known truths, it will be apparent to 4
all that any process which will make the ordinary food stuff
—and more particularly the grains, which we
have found in our discussion of the subject to be
the most indigestible of all substances —more
readily digestible and more easily assimilated, is
to be hailed with joy and immediately embraced
as an economic measure.

It is not necessary to bring any further proof
to the aid of these claims than merely to point
out that all herbivorous animals, including the
hog, thrive amazingly on the soft and succulent
erasses. This is not due so entirely to the fact
that grasses constitute perfectly balanced food

Excess
feeding of
carbon and
its results.

Balancing

of the ration
to reduce the
effects of
carkon.

Advantages of
solubility and
succulence

in stock
foods.

Nutrition
extracted by
the blood only
in liquid
form.

Entire
solubility and
digestibility
of growing
plants.

Growth
and profit
of soluble

foods.

Continued loss
from feeding
whole grains.

Changes in
growth
and time
required.

Inability of
gastric and
other juices to
deal with hard
substances.

rations, capable of producing the best obtainable results, as to the further
fact of their being in a soft, soluble and easily digestible and assimilable
condition. The very cellular structures of green and growing plants in
combination with rich juices — sap or blood of plants, and not water as so
many chemists erroneously claim —make them yield readily to all the
processes of digestion from mastication, rumination and deglutition, through
to the peristalsis of the alimentary canal.

Since we find then that the greatest amount of growth and develop-
ment in young animals, the greatest amount of fat in more mature animals
and the greatest amount of milk in cows, are all resultant from the con-
suming of these naturally succulent and almost wholly digestible foods
under normal or natural conditions, should we not all the more attempt
their adoption with the less digestible grain foods and at all seasons of the
year ?

Let us turn for a moment to the consideration of this subject in com-
parison with feeding dry grain either whole or ground.

We have already seen that an extremely large amount of grains so
fed passes through the animal undigested and is in a great measure lost.
This is especially true in those cases where cattle, horses or dairy cows are

not followed by hogs.

We have found that in the growth (sprouting) of the plant the same
changes take place as in the mouth digestion of grains. We find that by
the very best means ever known for bringing about these changes, which is
by the use of our own apparatus, it takes four full days to bring the grain
to a condition of complete digestibility and assimilability.

How absolutely impossible then is it for hard and dry grains to
undergo this necessary change during the few instants that they are con-
tained within the mouth of the animal, which we have found to be the
only place where this change can take place in a natural way. Even if we
allow the added time necessary to carry the substance through the entire
alimentary canal, subjected to all the action of the numerous acids and
ferments of the stomach and intestines, we find that it reaches the outer
world again in about twenty-four hours, forty per cent or more of it being

unchanged.
This is but one more of the many reasons why solubility and succu-
lence of food stuffs should be held to be an absolute essential in the feeding
of live stock for whatever purpose.
Before passing this phase of the subject there is another matter of
more than ordinary importance that should be mentioned here.

It is the

10

ore EE

natural result to the animal from the feeding of grains in their raw and
unchanged conditions as at present.

By this we mean the result so far as it concerns the ease and comfort
of the animal. Having found that such a very large proportion of the
grain food consumed by an animal passes through the alimentary canal in
a whole, partially whole, or at least undigested condition, we must con-
clude, taking ourselves and our own experience as examples, that during
the season of feeding dry foods, animals must of necessity suffer much from
indigestion. Of course the animal has no means of making its suffering
known, but that they do suffer in this manner and from the reasons before
mentioned, hardly admits of any doubt. The writer, being what might be
termed a heavy feeder, and believing that every animal should be pushed to
the mit of its production, be that for growth, fat or the production of
milk, has lost many animals which were sleek and fat and apparently in
the pink of condition. This too when strict attention was paid to the aa
feeding of a balanced ration composed of a variety of foods, brought to- Soasioe
gether in the proper nutritive ratio. In a majority of cases the post mortem =
examination disclosed a completely impacted condition of the manifolds
or maniplies of the stomach. In other cases death resulted from a devital-
ized condition of the entire alimentary canal, which prevented peristalsis
and a consequent retention of the aliment, excess fermentation, hoven and
death.

Another fruitful source of trouble to him in the feeding of dairy cows
where the grain ration was necessarily heavy, was from garget and milk
fever, showing a feverish condition of the blood well nigh impossible to — Garget,
overcome if cows were to be kept up to the limit of profitable production. ES teers

All these troubles, however, arose from the feeding of dry foods, and
never occurred where animals were at pasture, and were almost entirely
dissipated when he began the feeding of ensilage.

There can be little doubt that other feeders have had similar experi-
ences, and that the occasional loss of an animal quite materially cut down
the profits sought to be gained. Neither is there any doubt but that
liability to disease is greatly heightened by the almost continuous indi-
gestion of animals under high feeding pressure.

Indigestion
and the
troubles
arising
therefrom.

Heavy feeding.

11

ee Orn

Loss of
vitality.

Feeding
Animals.

Balanced
ration.

The animal
body and its
constituents.

Fodder
contents.

Relation of
animal and
vegetable
albumen,

12

Another matter that deserves consideration is that the nervous force
of animals fed largely on indigestible substances yield continuously
during the process until they reach a point beyond which it is not possible
to feed them further with any observable good results. In case of cows or
other animals kept from year to year, their vitality constantly wanes and
they become prematurely old, failing in their functions long before their
allotted time.

NITROGENOUS FOODS

The true principle of feeding animals of any kind consists in providing
the animal with a combination of food substances in such quantities and
in such relation to each other as regards their chemical constituents as to
supply all the wants of the animal.

The food constituents so combined constitute nutriment which in a
general way consists of starch, sugar, fat, gluten, casein, albumen, ete.
Every fodder or food stuff contains these elements, but they will be found
in widely varying proportions in different food substances.

When brought together in one mass in the right proportions they
constitute what is termed a balanced ration.

The compounds named above will be found in practically every part
of the animal body, and all that is necessary to keep up the animal economy
or increase its weight or product is to feed the elements of which it is itself
made. Analysis shows the animal body to be made up of nitrogenous and
non-nitrogenous elements with an admixture of certain mineral substances.

Some few fodders possess all these elements in such perfect com-
binations as to be denominated a perfect or balanced ration. This can
hardly be true, however, of any fodder growing in a natural state except
mixed grasses. Corn, straw, turnips and a few other substances contain
an excess of carbon, while oil meal, malt sprouts, etc., abound in an excess
of nitrogenous or albuminous substances.

Being very desirous of showing the great importance of nitrogenous
foods, we shall give here a short analysis showing how nearly the albumen
of animal structure and that of plant structure approach each other. Just
here let us say that the terms nitrogenous, albuminous and jproteids are

practically synonymous terms and have the same meaning.

Animal Albumen. Vegetable Albumen.

Carboni i=) ()a)on =) 2 53.5 53.5
Hydrogen - - - - - = 7.0 1.2
Nitrogen = )= = -= = & 15.5 16.5
Oxygen = Coc peepee 22.4 21.6
Sulphur - - -'- - -= = 1.6 1.2
100 100

Since we find by the preceding table that the albumen of animals and
plants so nearly equal each other in the proportions of the elements of their
constituency, we must at once conclude that it is of the greatest importance
that proteids, albuminoids or nitrogenous foods are fed to animals in
large quantities.

Of all the food elements the albuminous are by far the most easily
digested and assimilated. Indeed, they present to the animal economy a
mixture in which the substance of muscle or lean meat exists already
formed, and for this reason the albuminoids have for a long time been
known: as flesh forming foods. As a further evidence of the importance of
this class of foods, it may be pointed out that no food or class of foods des-
titute of albuminous compounds can sustain animal life for more than a few
days. For instance :—A sheep weighing fifty-two pounds, being fed on sugar
dissolved in water, died at the end of twenty days, having lost twenty-one
pounds in weight. A goose weighing six pounds, fed on sugar, died in
twenty-two days, and another, fed on starch, lived but twenty-seven days.

It is not maintained on the other hand that animals can live upon
albuminoids alone, but it is well known that foods rich in albuminoids are
greatly superior in feeding value.

This brings us to another phase of the subject, and one which, while
amply borne out by our own experince and experiment, is somewhat at
variance with the generally accepted theories regarding such matters.
Without fear of successful contradiction we make the declaration that
nature intended that for all the ruminants, solipeds and certain of the
pachyderms, notably the hog, the live sap of plants and grasses, should
constitute the most nourishing and vitalizing of all foods. It is well
understood that plants take their nourishment in liquid and gaseous forms.
We have found that all the mineral substances after being brought to the
liquid form are taken up by the principle of osmosis or membrane diffusion.
The gaseous substances are taken in, in part by the leaves or lungs of the
plants from the light, air, rains, dews, ete. All these substances diffuse
and are deliquated as sap or life blood of plants, from which the solid
substances and forms of the plant are made up. These things being true,
and certainly nobody will presume to dispute the facts, the live sap of the
plant must necessarily contain all of the elements of which the plant itself
is made up, in gaseous, liquid, semi-liquid and semi-solid form. The sap
of plants contains the same substances, therefore, as were previously shown
in our analysis to be the constituents of the animal body, 1. e. carbon,
hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, sulphur, and as before stated, these elements of
all others are most readily digested and as-
similated by the animal, more especially
cattle, and are so vastly superior to
the same forms of food when
found in a hardened or solid
state as in the grains, that
it is hardly worth while to
draw any comparison.

Solubility and
digestibility of
albuminoids.

The growing,
not the grown
plant, the most
natural and
best food for
animals.

Diffusion of
substances
necessary to
plant life and
development.

13

Sap, the life-
blood of plants.

Errors of

the chemist.

Sap of plants
is not water.

The chemist

follows the
ordinary
practices.

We have frequently referred to sap as being the blood of plants, and
this is a comparison which pleases us very much, as the function of the
sap in plant life is certainly analogous to the blood of animals, for like the
blood of animals, we find it constantly sur-charged with assimilable nutri-
ments or food material.

Just at this juncture is where one of the most egregious errors in
connection with the whole problem of plant and animal life creeps in and,
so far as we know, no single book, report or other matter devoted to the
subject is free from it. It is the persistency with which the inorganic
chemist insists blindly upon calling the sap, or life giving substance of all
plant life, water. He conveys that impression in everything he says or
writes, and in every analysis he makes. This misstatement of actual fact
has for so long a time been held up to the public, and particularly to the
farmer and feeder, that many of them have come to believe that the sap of
plants is nothing more or less than so much water of the same character
that composes springs, brooks and rivers. If these claims of the chemist
were true it would seem possible to draw off the sap of plants and replace
it with a like amount of pure water, and the plant yet live, grow and
perform its normal functions. This we all very well know would be quite
impossible.

If the inorganic chemist should happen to be possessed of a dairy farm
he would quickly discard his water theory relative to the sap of plants or
else starve to death through ignorance or stubbornness. For instance, the
chemist tells us that the food of cattle obtained in the pastures consists of
a large percentage of water and a little vegetable fibre. Notwithstanding
all this and his very learned way of dealing in these matters, he will
pasture his cows just as does every farmer who has for his guide only that
knowledge gained from experience in his occupation. While we are
regarding him as a dairyman and a shipper of milk, he might find a still
more practical illustration of how quickly his water theory in practice will
reduce to absurdity. Since milk is seventy-eight per cent water, which he
claims is valueless, if he will concentrate it on the farm, thus saving
freight, and send only the solids to his customers, notifying them to dilute
to suit their respective tastes, he will at least be impressed by the striking
rapidity with which a well established business can be destroyed. He
could lay claim to the advantages of this plan with just as much
reason, since he so openly declares the sap and juices of plants to
be water pure and simple. The actual facts are that in the theories

relating to the matter under discussion and the various analyses thereon,
the conclusions of the chemist are at fault and not in any single instance
in accord with experience and results.

In consideration of all of the foregoing and in accord with our own
experience we must conclude, therefore, that there is no single substance or
combination of substances which will produce the same salutary and
beneficial results when fed to cattle as these tender and juicy grasses. We
must also declare that it is not at all in keeping with the results to declare
that the soluble juices of these grasses consist simply and solely of water
as the chemist would have us believe.

In this connection we should like to propound a question and state a
well known fact. Will anybody name for us one single soluble nitrogenous
substance which stall fed cattle get during the long winter months when
they are obliged to subsist entirely on dry, woody and fibrous foods, and
when the entire system is in an overwrought and feverish condition? We
wish to state it as being a well known fact that constipation, indigestion,
impaction, loss of appetite, restricted growth and product are the sure
results of the present unnatural methods of crowding animals during
the long winter months with hard, dry, insoluble and fibrous foods, and
that all these conditions may be improved and relieved entirely by feeding
even small daily rations of grain sprouted by our grain growing apparatus.

Just above we have stated that stall fed cattle did not have within
their reach at any time during the long feeding period any succulent,
albuminous or nitrogenous substances. In this statement we referred
directly to the foods produced upon the farm and not to those which were
bought in the open market and which require cash outlay.

Within comparatively recent years an enormous business has been built —

up in this country based entirely upon supplying these substances in one
form or another. In every instance the pretended object has been to supply
the natural deficiencies as to nutritive ratio and digestibility of home grown
foods. This has led to crowding upon the market almost numberless
worthless substances hiding under the name ‘‘stock food,’’ their pretended
object being to aid the animals in the digestion and assimilation of the
coarse home grown foods. In most cases the required cash outlay to the
farmer is so large as to be almost fraudulent, and in all cases where used to
any extent, such so-called ‘‘stock foods’? reduce the farmer’s profit in his
feeding operations by just the amount he pays for such substances.

Since none of these materials are used by the feeder while his animals
are at pasture, for the very good reason that neither these nor anything else
ean be an improvement upon the natural grasses, we must conclude

Undesirable
expensive and
worthless
so-called
“stock foods.”’

The natural
law the best.

A simple
proposition.

Grown grains
_for the
dairyman.

Increased
period of
usefulness
in cows.

Se

16

that in order to secure such results as are satisfactory and desirable
we must follow closely nature’s laws in the preparation of animal foods.
This we have done in the invention of our grain growing apparatus and the
food which it produces. ,

This brings us to a practical conclusion of the discussion of the main
subject, but before closing finally there are a few matters upon which we
should like to lay particular stress.

We refer most particularly to the great simplicity of the entire propo-
sition. While much of the discussion has necessarily had to do with
matters which are more or less scientific in their nature, in reality they are
very simple after all. The adoption and use of the apparatus requires no
scientific training or profound knowledge, and it may be used with absolute
surety of good results by anybody.

Should you be a dairyman you will find that with no other grain ration
than the grown corn which can be produced so easily, you will have a per-
fectly balanced food which will produce the maximum flow of the richest of
milk at but a fraction of the cost as compared with dry feed. Furthermore,
the cows will keep in better condition, their general health will be materially
improved; the naturally fevered condition of the blood —and_ necessarily
therefore the milk—produced by the feeding of excess amounts of dry and
fibrous foods will all be obviated, the cows will last much longer, that is,
their period of usefulness will be extended as they will not be ‘‘burned
out,’’ so to speak, by being always heavily charged with carbonaceous and
heating foods, and their calves will be stronger and develop more rapidly
because of the better health and more even condition of the dam.

Should you be a feeder of beef cattle for market you will find in this
apparatus the first real assistant you have ever known. The
grown grains being so easily masticated, digested and assim-
ilated, the animal is relieved from practically all taxation or
strain upon the digestive organs, and everything moves
forward with that ease and evenness characteristic of
pasturing upon the natural grasses. Owing to these
facts and to the succulence of the food, beef made in
this way is much more tender and richer in natural
juices than when fed on dry feed. Then too the
animals may be fed for a much longer period and
made to convert much more cheap corn into high
priced beef. This is so for the reason that as we have
seen before there can be no sour stomach, indigestion,
impaction, etc., nor will there be any stiffness or
bursal enlargement in the joints as so frequently
results from long feeding of dry feed. Then too there
are the advantages of cheap production which may
be referred to here.

As a concrete illustration of the value of grown
corn, let us suppose that it requires fifty bushels in its
unprepared state to fatten one steer; ten steers will

require five hundred bushels. The grown or prepared
corn gives you double the weight with as many and
as essential food constituents, pound for pound, as
you have in the ungrown. Therefore, you will require
but one half or two hundred and fifty bushels to do
the duty of the five hundred. If corn be worth fifty
cents the net saving is $125.00; a most important
item on so small a matter as the fattening of ten head
of steers, If, in addition to the above, we take into
consideration the matter of waste, the figures become
still more significant. It is the experience of feeders
that a large percentage of the corn as ordinarily fed,
anywhere from thirty to fifty per cent, and vary-
ing in different animals, passes through the animal
system unassimilated and undigested, frequently un-
masticated. The grown grain is all digested, the
animal appropriating every food element it contains.
We have only to note this stoppage of absolute waste
to see that the figures above given are easily within bounds.

Should you desire to grow calves in large numbers for marketing as
veal, to replenish your dairy herd, for breeding purposes or for the general
increase of your live stock, you will find in this grain growing apparatus
your most efficient assistant. When the grown grains are ground and
mixed with the requisite quantity of water the substance almost instantly
dissolves into a rich creamy liquid that is second only to warm milk from
the cow in the ability to promote growth and rapid development in calves.
We have tried all of the substances recommended as substitutes for milk in
feeding calyes, but have never found anything that was a near approach to
this liquefied corn. Calves will be absolutely free from indigestion, scours
or bloody flux, and will need no other liquid food to bring them to the
highest state of profitable development.

‘For the feeding of horses for either speed, heavy work or ordinary ser-
vice, there is nothing in the form of single or mixed grains which will
produce the same uniformly good results as corn when grown by our
apparatus.

While it is true that the horse of all domestic animals, is best-provided
with the means of mastication, first because of the large and powerful teeth,
and second, because of the enormous amount of the secretions from the
glands within and near the mouth, the principal constituent of which is
diastatic ferment, we know also that none of our animals suffer so keenly
from the effects of mndigestion. In case of the horse the almost direct
result of this, coupled with the great amount of dry foods consumed, is to
largely dry up the secretions of the body and produce that condition com-
monly known as ‘‘hide bound.’’ No horse has ever been known to suffer
from this ailment when at pasture. No horse can possibly suffer from
this cause when fed upon the succulent and easily digested corn from our
grain growing apparatus.

Complete
digestion.

Advantages
of grown
grains for
feeding
calves.

Best substitute
known for
milk.

Feeding
horses on ;
grown grains.

Freedom

of troubles
arising from
indigestion.

Freedom from
indigestion,
ete.

17

Feeding
hogs for
market.

Best for

growing pigs.

The stock
boar.

The brood

sOW.

For feeding
poultry.

Winter eggs.

For growing
young chicks,
broilers, ete.

In feeding of hogs the grown grains will prove quite as salutary and
beneficial in effect as in those cases already referred to. Hogs for market
as in case of cattle can be fattened in the shortest possible time and at the
minimum of cost when fed with this food alone. Young pigs should be
fed upon the liquefied corn as previously described, for the feeding of
calves. By using this prepared corn the farmer will no longer be limited
in the number of pigs he can grow by the amount of milk he shall be able
to provide them. The growth will be simply surprising to one trying the
food for the first time, nor will the development be one-sided as the grown
grain possesses all the elements necessary for muscular and bone develop-
ment. Stock boars may be carried from one season to another on this food
at a most trivial cost and have the added advantage of remaining active and
serviceable for a much longer period than if fed upon dry feed. It excels
as a food for brood sows because of its great milk making qualities. Sows
fed with this food will remain in fine condition and at the same time
supply their pigs with an abundance of rich and fever-free milk. Other
advantages of feeding sows on this food will be found in the appended list
of questions and answers. .

The poultryman without respect to his object, will find the grown
erain the cheapest, safest and most profitable food it is possible to obtain.
The corn as changed in the apparatus is rich in albuminous substances as
we have seen in the previous discussion of these subjects. Since eggs are
so largely composed of the same substances it must necessarily, and does,
follow that this is a most excellent food for producing eggs. Since the pro-
duction of winter eggs is merely a question of the proper food, we have
solved the problem in the invention of our grain growing apparatus. These
conclusions are amply borne out by our own experiments, when under
normal conditions and with no other food than the grown grain we made
the most profitable winter layers of practically all of the breeds.

Experiments with chicks fed exclusively upon this food after being
ground, prove it to be a perfect food for rapidly developing the small birds.
Chicks so fed escape entirely that great bane of the poultry grower—
diarrhoea—and continue in perfect health from start to finish of growth.
In an experiment where a brood of chicks fresh from the incubator was
divided equally, one half being fed on the ground grown grain and the
other fed in the best way known to the poultryman’s art, lot 1, at the end
of three weeks were not only the most active and vigorous, but were found
by the scales to weigh 40 per cent more than lot 2.

This experiment may serve to show the advantages of this food to the
man who is producing broilers and ducklings for market.

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20

Fig. 1

This cut represents the growing apparatus set up complete and ready for use. It consists of a
series of eight growing chambers, eight drawers, each of which has a capacity of one half bushel of dry
corn, and a top cover. Three iron rods securely bolting together the above chambers in connection
with the cast iron frames on top and bottom, four strong wrought iron corner posts which stand in
sockets cast in the corners of top and bottom frames, which prevent a displacement of the growing
chambers from their positions and add to the great stability of the apparatus,

The stand on which the above set of chambers rests is made of two strong heavy castings bolted
together with four rods which are slipped through wrought iron pipes, forming as a whole a very
substantial foundation for the whole machine. A large iron drip pan is placed between the stand and set
of chambers which collects the water and drains it off through a nozzle in front into any kind of vessel.

The measurements of the apparatus are: Height, 5 feet 7 inches; width, 3 feet 6 inches; depth, 2
feet 8 inches; weight, 400 pounds; crated, 450 pounds.

Fig. 2

This cut represents the growing apparatus with one drawer withdrawn ready to
receive the grain, showing the construction of the drawer. It is made of best galvan-
ized wire netting and edged and braced with galvanized iron, forming a very compact,
durable drawer.

21

Pe ee ae Ca)

poenee*

Fig. 3

This cut represents the growing apparatus filled with corn for growing.

See NET

RAB
ZA

Ban

Aes

B
a

5

Y

This cut represents the growing apparatus with a drawer of corn showing the
development of the corn between the first and second days.

bo
SY)

24

Fig. 5

This cut represents the growing apparatus with a drawer of corn withdrawn show-
ing the development of corn when finished and ready for feeding.

WU
rT

Fig. 6.

This cut represents the relative bulk of the same quantity of corn grown and
ungrown. .

The small portion shown in the left of the cut represents so much corn ready to
be introduced within the apparatus.

The larger portion shown in the right of the cut represents the same grain four
days later when it has been acted upon and removed from the apparatus.

This will serve in a much better way than by any argument we may adduce to
show the increase in bulk of grains which are subjected to the action of our apparatus.

The changed and improved condition of the food as to its chemical construction,

digestibility, etc., are fully treated elsewhere in this book.
25

bo

(op)

Fig. 7

This cut shows how the grown grain may be prepared for the use of poultry or
other small animals which from one reason or another might have difficulty in handling
the long sprouts with kernel attached. A common meat grinder, such as is found in
practically every household, will be found entirely satisfactory for preparing the food.
The grown grain when treated in this way is especially well adapted to the feeding of
small chicks, broilers, ducklings and all kinds of poultry. It will take but a few
moments by this means to prepare the food for a flock of forty or fifty grown fowls.

Fig. 8

There has never been put in the hands of farmers such a satisfactory substitute for
milk. This grown corn ground to a pulp and then dissolved by pouring water over it,
fed to calves, will fatten them equally as well as when fed with fresh milk. It is very
much relished by them and is preferable to all other substitutes for fresh milk.
It will be found of equal value in feeding young pigs and hot-house lambs. The above
cut shows the ready solubility of the food. The photograph of the cut was taken
twenty seconds after the water had been poured on the pulp in the pitcher.

27

28

Fig. 9

As having a direct bearing upon the main discussion of this book we are present-
ing herewith a cut which gives a very excellent idea of a grain of corn when cut in two,
showing the various parts in their relation to each other, together with detailed ex-
planation and a complete analysis of the whole.

This cut explains in a much bettter way thar. could be done by any other means
the percentages of the several parts composing the whole.

A careful study of this cut and the descriptive matter connected with it will help
the reader to a much better understanding of the main subject.

H.—The outside shell, which is analogous with that of wheat, consists of the fruit
and seed scale grown together, and form a solid leathery, indigestible substance of a
rich yellow color in case of yellow corn, or nearly transparent in case of white corn.

Ki.—This portion of the grain consists of Gluten-Casein and Gluten-Fibrin, and
these two elements are again analogous with certain of the principal substances
found in wheat. These elements exist in very small proportions in corn however.

End.—Endosperm. This portion consists of—h, a horny part, and m a floury part;
h being filled with close joined polyhedral starch grains which with the plasmatic
substance are cemented into a solid horny mass; while m, the floury part, has a white
color and consists of round free laying starch grains.

Em.—Embryo. The embryo is for the greatest part enclosed by the scutellum;
and its epithelium, e, forms the immediate connection with the endosperm.

k.—Represents the point or head of the sprout or germ (acrospire) the part which
first makes its appearance above the ground.

ad.—Represents the adventive rootlet of the sprout or germ (acrospire) stem.

r.—The radicle or root with its root cap w.

ANALYSIS.
Watery gs cayuorsieieecsie catevaae seaterc 13.53 Non-Nit. Sub. —Sugar .............. 1.06
Nit. Substances— ID GRE N, Sets Reap ane 4.03
Solin esc Ai isy eee Beek eae On ange 90 Starcheeeeenoneaer 67.37
TImsoluilbleneneen ep erraoserae ioe ae 5.35 Woodtibretesi casas ee enon 1.84
1 ee) RR Pera a SU ER beams ile 4.87 UNS) a TR Mier A een th cea a RORY Hen ts Wt teh 1 05

The following report of a conversation between a large feeder and the
representative of the Company may interest the reader :

Q.—I notice that your machine seems to be very compact. What is the life of
the machine, or how long will it last ?

A.—As you will observe, all parts of the apparatus are made of the best
galvanized wire and sheet iron. It is designed to last for ordinary use, from fifteen
to twenty years without repairs. The total absence of any corrosive action in the
use of the apparatus or process warrants such long life, and you will further notice
here on this machine in use all metal surfaces are perfectly bright and without any
coating whatever.

(.—Supposing an accident happened to our apparatus, must the whole apparatus
be sent to the factory to be repaired in such an instance ?

A.—No. It could hardly happen that the whole apparatus would be damaged,
making a return of it to the factory necessary. In most cases where an accident
occurs it will be sufficient to send only that section which is damaged, as you see the
apparatus can be taken apart in a very few seconds, and readily reassembled by any one.

Q.— How often does the moss or filling have to be replaced ?

A.—The moss is designed slowly to decompose under the action of moisture and
air, thereby furnishing to the grain within the necessary nutrition for its growth ;
alter six months of use it becomes somewhat exhausted and should be replaced.

Q.—What is the cost of refilling the apparatus?

A.—lIt takes about one hundred and eighty pounds of moss to refill the entire
apparatus, which costs in the open market, one cent per pound. Any inexperienced
person can accomplish the task ina few hours. ~

Q.—Where can the material be had ?

A.—The Company and its agents always keep on hand large quantities of the
material which is specially selected for the purpose, and is sold to our customers at the
very lowest possible price. Furthermore, it may be obtained from the regular
farmers’ supply houses and seed stores.

‘Q.—What previous preparation must the grain undergo before being put into
the apparatus ?

A.—It is not really necessary to do anything with the grain, although we prefer
and advise to soak the grain for a day or so in water, as it saves time and thereby
increases the output of the apparatus.

Q.—How ean this best be done?

A.—Simply by putting the right quantity of corn into a tub or barrel and pouring
sufficient water over it.

Q.—What material is added to the grain to make it grow?

A.—Only water must be applied in sufficient quantity on top of the machine to
keep the grain always in wet condition.

Q.—What will be the result if for some reason the grain should grow too long?

A.—It would make it very difficult then to open the drawer, on account of the
grain haying grown into the sections above and below. In such a case the sections
above such drawer will have to be lifted off; otherwise there would be no change and
the same good results in feeding would obtain.

Q.— Does the apparatus require any specially prepared place for keeping it?

A.—It does not. It can be kept anywhere, in the barn, shed, etc., at the con-
venience of the user.

Q.—Can it be used in winter as well as in summer.

A.—Certainly. The seasons will not interfere at all, and indeed its greatest
advantage will be derived from winter use.

9)

30

().—But I see the apparatus is wet. How can you keep it from freezing ?

A.—Most every farmer has a cellar warm enough to prevent freezing, which is in
every way a suitable and desirable place for keeping the apparatus. Large dairymen
and feeders have barns so constructed as to avoid freezing even in the most severe
winter weather. Space in such buildings can be found for working the apparatus and
will be found to be very convenient and desirable.

Q.—Will all farm animals eat the grain when prepared by this apparatus?

A.—In all our experience we have not found an animal refusing to eat it greedily.
If for any reason an animal should refuse to taste it, as has been experienced at times
in the feeding of ensilage, then a little bran or middlings sprinkled over it will induce
the animal to taste, which is all that is necessary to overcome further objection.

(Q.—If it is a superior food for fattening stock as claimed, how can it also be a
good food for milch cows?

A.—To properly answer this it would be necessary for me to enter into a very
scientific explanation of the many chemical constituents of the prepared grain and
its further modifications and final assimilation into the animal body, but let me
explain, that nature’s laws of self preservation enable an animal to use the same
substance supplied as food for such organs which necessarily must first be supplied on
account of being for one reason or another exhausted, in order to prevent breaking
down. After these organs have been sufficiently supplied and a surplus of substances
is still undisposed of, then nature will facilitate the building up of other organs or parts
of the animal. A perfect balanced ratio of food will not only sustain a healthy
animal body, but will also perform the work necessary and accompanying all the
functions of propagation. Let me illustrate this to you by a fact which we can daily
observe. There are to-day made from malt many different articles of food. The most
concentrated form on the market is probably the malt extract. Another product,
malt tonics, another one is the beer and whisky. All these products contain in
principle the same chemical substances of nutriment. Now let us see the direct effect
trom their use. Malt extract given to very weak persons has been recognized as a
universal remedy and tonic for the entire system. It makes nerves, muscles, blood,
flesh, ete. It is also successfully used for the special purpose of increasing the flow
and quality of the milk in nursing mothers. It is hardly necessary to point out to you
the layers of fat the malt extract produces, in form of beer on heavy beer drinkers.
It is therefore very plain that nature can develop from the same substances and
different bodies, different results, for the purpose of propagation, self preservation, and
for the development of the highest type of species.

(..—But this may be true of food extracts whereas the prepared grain is only so
much raw material ?

A.—I am glad you mentioned this. This prepared grain is the most composite
form of food possible, containing all the elements necessary in making the animal
body, and because it is so composite, it is easily decomposed; and in order to make an
extract from same, which in order to be a marketable article must keep for any length
of time, a great many valuable substances must necessarily be destroyed in the process
of manufacture and be entirely lost because the product cannot be consumed
immediately after making.

Q.—Will the food or grain prepared prove a satisfactory ration for the production
of winter eggs ?

A.—No better food could be imagined for this purpose. It is so little work for

the hen to modify this food into eggs. The chemical analysis of the grain and eggs
show them to be closely related in form, and the first stated results have been
substantiated in all trials of practical use.

Q.—Does the grown grain possess any desirable qualities for feeding young
chickens, ducklings, and broilers for the early market?

A.—In the practical use of this grain as food for this class of animals, it has
again been shown overwhelmingly, how, in the work shop of nature, the same substances
can adopt different forms. It is true that the stomachs of these delicate, tiny birds
will not bear trifling with. No class of domestic animals gives more trouble in feeding
or suffers more from consequences of indigestion, than a flock of newly hatched

chickens. The feeding of this prepared grain not only develops the young birds
with astonishing rapidity, but it also causes a marvelous growth of feathers from the
very beginning and prevents, during this period, many ailments of the young
chickens, which may be compared with the ailments of the human baby while
teething.

().—What would be the probable effect in feeding brood sows?

A.—I may answer this with a question. Namely, what would young clover do
to them? You know that young clover as a food for animals of this class can hardly
be surpassed. It is a very nitrogenous food and just exactly what is needed for them.
The nitrogenous matter in the clover does not, however, reach the same percentage as
in the grown grain and your own experience as a feeder will help you to conceive the
true results, namely, a very rapid development. The feeding of these sprouted grains
will have another and most salutary effect on the brood sows. It will prevent
entirely that pernicious and unnatural habit of sows eating their new born pigs.
Many breeders suffer large annual losses from this cause. Taking into account their
short-sighted methods of feeding we must conclude that they have only themselves
to blame. Brood sows, like most animals in the corn belt, are fed excess amounts of
corn and other carbonaceous substances. During the period of gestation the tem-
perature of the blood is very naturally raised by several degrees, and the carbonaceous
food adds to this high temperature until it amounts to a positive fever. The entire
animal nature under these conditions craves something which will be cooling and
soothing in its effect to counteract the feverish influences. The result is that the
brood sow eats first the placenta and then the pigs. Singularly enough analysis shows
that the newly born pig is a complete lump of albumen or nitrogenous substance,
which we have found to be so valuable in counteracting the evil influences arising
from a use of excess amounts of carbon. Taking all these things and relative analyses
into account, we find that the brood sow fed on our prepared grains will be entirely
free from a desire to consume her own offspring.

.—Is there anything in this grown or sprouted grain that would be likely to
affect the reproductive organs of the female animals or cause them to abort?

A.—None whatever. On the contrary, in feeding large herds with this grown
grain we actually prevent organic disease, including abortion, by the more vigorous
condition of the animals.

().—Ii for any reason the grain after sprouting should become dry, will it be lost
or wasted, or'may it be used just the same as dried or natural grain ?

A.—Grown grain from our apparatus does not decompose when dried and there-
fore connot be lost or wasted. It is in such a state, a still better article of food than
the dried natural corn, on account of a solubility and change of the anatomic con-
struction of the grain.

(Q.—Can the grain be grown and sold in a commercial way by use of this appa-
ratus, i.e. could a man establish a plant in a community and hope to grow and sell the
grain successtully and at a margin of profit?

A.—It will indeed be a profitable undertaking for a man to establish a central
station for growing the grain to be sold or exchanged to farmers in the neighborhood.
Such business could easily be carried on by the present grist mills. The value of a
bushel of corn by the growing process is more than doubled, which certainly should
leave a margin of profit for both the grower and the farmer.

(.—How may the grown grains be prepared otherwise than to feed them in the
form in which they come from the apparatus?

A.—For the purpose of increasing all the qualities of the grain, there is absolutely
no better process of preparation possible; but for making the substance more suitable
to be eaten by poultry, it can be ground up, sprouts, roots, grains, altogether into
different sizes in machines like our modern meat choppers, and even to so fine a pulp
that it can be easily and entirely dissolved by pouring hot water over it. In this form
it can also be fed with the greatest success to calves, as a substitute for milk.

(.—Will those grains which from any chance escape mastication, be in a condition
to be acted upon by the digestive tract, i.e. will they digest if they reach the stomach
without mastication ?

A.—We can guarantee that the grain in this form will be totally digested, even if
the animal had not a single tooth in its mouth, for we have found that the digestion
of the mouth is not at all necessary.

Q.—How long does it take a standard sized apparatus to pay for itself in extra
advantages over the ordinary methods of feeding, if operated to its full limit daily ?

A.—You will certainly not find it very difficult to figure the profits the apparatus
will make for you, after our explanation and what you have seen here. A standard
sized apparatus prepares one bushel of corn daily. Ifa bushel of corn is fed unprepared,
half of it is lost, which at present prices equals twenty eight cents per day, and which

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we redeem under all circumstances. Considered alone on this account the apparatus
will pay for itself in about two hundred and seventy days. The second feature of the
process is that about fifty to sixty pounds of succulent and nitrogenous substances are
added to the weight of the bushel of corn, and taking the price of oil meal as a standard
for comparison, should be valued at a cent per pound, which equals fifty to sixty cents
a day; it is by no means exaggerated, as claimed that the earning capacity of a standard
machine at the present time is equal to two hundred and seventy-five dollars per year
in coin.

Q.—How many mature animals should a farmer or feeder have to make it an
object to own a grain growing apparatus ?

A.—Whenever a farmer has sufficient stock to feed a half bushel of grain ration
per day. Such stock to include horses, cattle, calves, swine and poultry.

Q.—On what kind of animal would a trial best show the beneficial results to be
derived from a use of the apparatus ?

A.—We recommend that it be tried on milch cows first, for the reason that a
change of food of any kind is more quickly apparent in the dairy herd than elsewhere;
or on any animal that from one cause or another is off its feed and generally out
of condition.

Q.—As compared with the cooking, steaming or grinding of feed is this process
more or less expensive ?

A.—It is infinitely less expensive than any of the plans named above. The
apparatus does not cost more in the first instance than a first-class, durable and long-
lived boiler and does not cost anything like as much as a power feed grinder, power
included. Then in the second place there is no comparison between the labor
required in working out the several plans, as it only takes ten minutes time per day
to successtully operate our apparatus. Then too it requires no power, no fuel, there —
is no danger of fire, none from explosion, no costly repairs, and above all, no danger
of spoiling the feed from over-cooking or burning.

Q.—Now,I have asked about all the questions which I think have any direct
bearing on the case. To sum up these from the answers you have given me I must
conclude that corn as sprouted and grown in your Grain Growing Apparatus is in
and of itself a balanced ration and a perfect food for all kinds of live stock; that the
corn so grown contains all the elements necessary to develop the animal in bone and
flesh and product, such as milk; that by the use of this apparatus I will in future be
spared the enormous expense of buying wheat, bran, middlings, oil meal, cotton seed
meal, ete., etc., containing nitrogenous substances with which to balance up my
excessively carbonaceous corn feed.

A.—Yes, your conclusions are entirely correct and the results you name are borne
out entirely by our experiments and long experience in the use of the apparatus and
the food it produces. We know that you and all other feeders of live stock will secure
equally beneficial and money-making results from its use.

AN INVITATION

In the foregoing we have given the reader all the information that
seems possible without an actual observation of the machine itself, and the
growing of the grain within the machine.

Our factory in Chicago is located at No. 163 South Canal Street, just a
half block south of the Union Passenger Station and on the same street.

Grain growing machines will be constantly in operation there and
courteous and intelligent attendants will always be present to show the
machines and explain their workings.

We extend a most cordial invitation to all farmers, feeders, breeders,
poultrymen, ete., who are visiting the city to pay us a visit. ‘Seeing is
believing,’’? you know, and we know that you will not dispute the evidence
of your own eyes.

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