NOOO 1ya yale yaa kva 1 4 "7 ERO Paes iets ovr es Sih Cin sf it i i ( i Ph 37h italy Rea it roa ee a PME Ba a St 10 yy Wahu Rie ‘ Hor eso avy iae, oi, tn ae ay 7 a Sof} in ara ror aie i Pee ae | a) ~ I i 7 7 fi ar » mee Tee ayy : nT al) ny : ie =e : iF ; MY ae _ er f i Re a Dy ia 7 a on ; Cae ae } hi - Las ne a Historic, archived document Do not assume content reflects current scientific knowledge, policies, or practices. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE LIBRARY Book NUMBER | — / B65B no Vesa 1892-1893 ores U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. DIVISION OF BOTANY. ILLUSTRATIONS OF NORTH AMERICAN GRASSES. WOU Ae aN of Pree an GRASSES OF THE PACIFIC SLOPE, ~~ INCLUDING ALASKA AND THE ADJACENT ISLANDS. PLATES AND DESCRIPTIONS OF THE GRASSES OF CALIFORNIA, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND THE NORTHWESTERN COAST, INCLUDING ALASKA. By Dr. GEO. VASEY, BOTANIST, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULILURE. PUBLISHED BY AUTHORITY OF THE SECRETARY OF AGRICULTURE. WASHINGTON: GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE. 1893. ™ NOTE. - The several parts of ‘Illustrations of North American Grasses” were originally published as bulletins of the Division of Botany, and were issued as follows: Vol. 1, part 1, October 13, 1890, as Bulletin 12, part 1. Vol. 1, part 11, December, 1891, as Bulletin 12, part 11. Vol. 11, part 1, October 20, 1892, as Bulletin 13, part 1. Vol. 11, part 11, June 1, 1893, as Bulletin 13, part 11. II LB IT BI Oe TIA INS SUED TT Jel be U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, DIVISION OF BOTANY, Waskington, D. C., February 11, 1893. Str : I have the honor of presenting for publication the second part of “Grasses of the Pacific Slope, Including Alaska and the Adjacent Islands,” which completes the second volume of “ Illustrations of North American Grasses.” I respectfully recom- mend that when the printing of this work shall have been completed a suitable number of copies shall be bound with the first part of the same volume, which was issued in October, 1892, as Bulletin No. 13, part I, of this Division. GEO. VASEY, Botanist. Hon. J. M. RUSK, Secretary of Agriculture. INTRODUCTION: —_—_ The grasses which are known to grow on the Pacific slope of the United States, inciuding Alaska, number not far from 200 species. These are nearly all specifically distinct fiom the grasses growing east of the Mississippi River, and also mainly distinct from the grasses of the plains and of the desert, except in that part of California which partakes of the desert flora. A considerable number of the grasses of the mountain regions of California, Oregon, and Washington reappear in the mountains of Idaho, Montana, and the interior Rockies. The interior of California is a dry region, verging in the extreme south into the desert country, and is deficient in grasses, especially of those species which form a continuous turf. In this volume we have figured and described mainly . those grasses which are most conspicuous in size and apparent utility. Nearly all are here illustrated for the first time. , The descriptions of the species are almost wholly the work of Mr. L. H. Dewey, Assistant Botanist. Go. VASEY. W GENERAL ND EX Ol RATES: Plate / Margy oyyintiien GIRO ROMS 6 65 Joos toobob ebeeoy ssadod coee ce aoodeoosecen abeaaT ade des bobeer psocnd seGear 96 ANOS COC [WUE EI WANS GH GE ees ics See es See Pca ac al EIS a ee en ee 29 densiflora .-.-... eh Ha aS PE es ESTs cles PSPS GAS ees ce age OR a a 30 OxaATa At OnRMAayas PCLLOMAS eae aes eee Cerca he ce ae ee ee ePA ete rey he eevee eentap se Soto ocici 31 LO TLOS Brae area a ao 2 ea Sy ct Sel aca aig aS ce ay eM She ole ayd 53 TE Ta} sti emp sess is dy ne SS 2 reat aay Gm URC ee rs Re Or Soccer rele tek oe 32 EA UTI eee gna es pee er Aa Mani i aE Spe Raa Ge SY atearess Sa foia stay a 33 TTC LO PL yall] cape eres esate ee a eee etc cE A Ue Sat RN nag turer aye tes a eka yaisiceh aM Blyelave ental ga icine 54 WSO S Gao aes GAM ets ie eran on aap age a Ree ST See eee ERE cae A eer men 34 PAULOMECUTIIS wa PUM TT Sep era ae ener sper ay pees) Naf ieve Ke ee ee ener Ane ere oie ie cinta eins Weal serene 24 CDE O TM CUS ate ope ee ee oe cea ee horses epee ae ee eeiare lees awe con ah ee 25 SEenICUlahushya LO DUMSUU Sass eee tat ohare err eo ts eer erste en rete ey acre me Seo 26 SHO Wiel liege ee rela a ee apes sya ct Sau cid Speci Gee ee Ne ee eis alent tea ee 27 WEXeOUDILL . S245 cccana ee Oe eV See pe Poet fa orc toy te ee eA DE Ry eiic te ats aye Aor 27 RECORDS ee SES Se Sa eae eye re eee Oe, cus en AoE ee een ey eee 28 S GOING OC Liars ce ne ee tee may eran e ete Sy StIsicue Sn eeciyss sine De Me ea as a iuepersieioe Dieta cln wean 24. AT CUACTOS ISM abit Ol ayee, se mreyee ante net see eee anette eS I Ea Peep rary een Det pam eR sea ee 52 AIST AMC ALi Ormil Caper weiss ects ep era Fee aia oe orciars Hiss ere ease eia tl ec ce aoe ere eee Se a ANS HRGy DUIS): WAS TUATHA AY ON OH ee espsrevel & aes Ga SENSE Es SOO REE oS ae es et a ee RE rea 90 IBLOMUSEORE WELTATIU Serene ree cts ain ets ee are es ts aya ote ears ae re my ee is re de ee So 94 SUDKS COT fiiteamt Nie pe eee nance Fine NC coors 5 LAs 2 Wee ne pe eee bee ey Mie Ae San ee oe 95 Salama rostis vAWe uit Caer peer daerae es Scr erate ela eerste ee ete eae ie iy ee eee epeeee an Se are sme 35 DLC LUC ee ree eee eg fares IM cts reen SS SR NE ane ee ea om Rem eys Serene ers 55 LSXON GW AYOIES BUGS eik ties Sio, ae Sry ache RE es ae en ee nt eR AG eS ae aie en 36 BTE WEL geese cee eee Baro A Sere SS oe a ese re sits eR Ta an ere SS eR 37 CTASSIP NUNN See see fore eee ee nantes S Seca ay eps e zat Sees etn Salar So SEY i ee es oa 38 OWISIC TG SEG Roos Sana SEAS ele eA teen es a ee ae ee cr nce NE lr ra 39 GIST SASSER Ss SoS SS GSSS SES cones Ere iia ae sti aeryanteee Seen eA es 40 eschamPS1Oi d CS pepe see ers ale yee a pa eee a oY nl See RIN ne Sm ee at ae han 41 Lele) DOTS seg SAR eis GES Ss cee ee es AS aye eh a ie Ea 42 MOST CC bay Maen ae ah See cee ee area eit 2 We ioe Sched yee sath ee Sos alee itens tats 56 DUD PULAS CEN Sia seeps wee ren seme ne Seen sae eee Secee en sat aa eles alata 43 SylviatiCamyarenlOmott Oliatene en wemrere sca ee en ac Le Stabe ee by ey See T 57 BONvie Olivet ery peepee eco epe ar eae teennia cane a crits oie Sica, ape meer Rl oy nok Leis LN 44 Conchinuspealnte ries rt: seer h mice pope eter cis cia ute ee lhe ieee te atl hee we lg Leon tea, 3 Coleanphusisumbtilisi(seess ohimardiGiays wll bill's) meses ees crete sty eee ee cn ee 51 Colpodiumypendullimuamse te eect ye serene ests anes ens eet ain Shi ge red) SL ee ee 86 Danthonia © amoOrnicaesaterre ase ee ene wee cnn mete ea cena ot we oe Te Seo et octets 61 DeschampsiarcrespliOsamyal male UCase nee cis ne fet lesa os es Joke oe ek telco se 45 ClON Gaba ecrr ere yee ees pete ny ere tea eae Ce ae Se 58 HO NeTPOnMUIS pperteret see ee Te eesree. dO eA Rt ee oe 59 IDTGSOME TCI es SoS eA Ae Bee See Bigeye Zo ne ee Spee a 87 pstlosanthaayar mM aVesCONSris semana re weer as foe eta eee eee SU Seti aus csc eee 88 DSS CMOS 35.55 SES eee Ue ees SOSA AOS ips eS EN Ne ee 97 CONG CMSA UU Sere em ee os ore eee oe ee eee eae Se Soe fee Nee ee eile Dae hce did ties 98 WRT OIG ESS SAE Gris Sepa See ese SETS Be IT cae a ets RPA a ge 99 HestucammiCrosua Chi See see erat eh ae sincere sere eter meee oe en AS Te ee Oe ee 91 SUID TIEN) 2SES USSs 6 Saad SG AAD Bas aso GaSe Se SC agate aan toe ee 92 TAUGHT Eh ete er dee DOE NE Aeris ie Sis See ee cla Se eae ese Re ee eT 93 Glyceria pauciflora. ...---. sect ccooed scoeed gobaEs So5555 SOS GG ROD Ge6S SHuS pene coEuaG abSceS 5OCOSE 89 EM erochloemmacropnyllamern sien semen ce meta e cee tec. ole ee oc ea setae cceeee 6 SE Hy esi Od ish OTIC Ayre ects erent alee a aT NE Se oe nen Sater ait ciate e s/o vwisiercieseserteteids Ge wc, 100 VallTy ie GENERAL INDEX OF PLATES. Imperata Hookert 4.252% 2. Soeaere sae eee ee cee eee eee ee ees Melica: bromoOides ys 25.2. a Se ee ee ee ae r= ag MD HEL TDS eases ae EN Pe np oe fPULES CONS eo No Ree ae SR HORAK oe sein ee lb Sepia Se SSS eras ne Paes ie ces een TS Cee oe a ef Or Gan eo eo ines te pe eT Muhlenbergia calamagrostidea seo esse ee i Se Se Ry Career ee eee a 19 CaliformaGay Sesai2e Ser Ses a ete ye Ses asa eee See et ets Pot 00 gr 2 Gebilis 4s stews eet atte Se ee eos = Nn UTM OS Bes ay Aes EAE wes TS ec a apa Pe eae PS PDL Oreuttia. Califormy as seek spe AeA aye Na lep ka lube ee Os ug en RR EN GRGenelne ses Se ee Se Mieke Nae Oe eID TE ape eS pedir Gee ee ace a eae a Ory ZOpsis Cx Was. S:/5A22 S2ise Ve ea a ee aheye ais rers ete Oh 2 Pn ee a ee a 17 PanicumsUrvilleamum’.< 2e..c Bese | eS SS ae ceo Pe 2 Phalarisiamethystimare etsy See Sec ee a a a Oe aaa ey ae ae 4 SU Lcleay oso yan Mees seater Sian Sele ee reese aie A ey SL {sy Meche Seta or pete 2 ee LO 5 Phippsiavalgida w. . 2. Se So 2S Sece See eee Seles Se eo ee eee eres eee ree 51 PleuropogonCalifornieum 3. 25s 32 ee a a ae areas oer 2 ee eae ee ee eee eee 68 Pefrachwum Lae cs eo VES ee Pe See a ERA ems ge rare Ue ne PO 69 RoavArcticat. sant essen ase oe ere Peat eee as eT eMesd ens are Sine et Ste eS ted ea ls al AT POM GOB 5.5 aio ak ise Oe hp aS cL Se space ee eye eee ta ee Te eS payee eee 72 Bolanderigess- see see eR oer eee Ne ni ee Nt een ive eee ee EEA a Aa SAS eels 73 Californica(see ba hendlleniana) soe. eee gaat os ec eee ne a a 2 74 COMPS ys Ses eae ree fog hp re re aw Agger te 75 Wow pVasay 2). ics ke Se ese elie ke i ape Grae we 76 Fendleriana: (as: Ps Califormica) 2 2.8.2 sess Brest oe een ee ae seen eee este reper 74 PMIMATIS: Vee ec isinie tc Geiss e Reel SCS Eee oe Dar Ee 77 | TO WELL oe oor e wes Sere see Oe RE Ee hea ore oe I re ce ToS a 78 | Kellog pit onc sos ftir sec 2 a SS eee Sars eae es gee 79 | MOG VONE DOL tee ee ee etn ees Member eee a, Set ies ate Gaby coco MGuoU OS6O.CObLS0 80 | TOL VOSA Sos fs S So kis ete pe cy ee ea ec SI eee ee $1 pulchellasvar.; MajOre c.f See eels See acts ee ee ee eee eran eee ee 82 10TH QUERIES 56565 soo coue cone cco Beep te ee See eee Heme e ros Sassou bac %3 hurbeTrian aes see eee eee CUPS SSE eye ee atte ee ice cal Ze AN a re ag ap 84 Unilateralis.: = fo) See ee SRS cia Seale eee a Te ee rear po EN reser me Lae 85 Schmidtia subtilis (as Coleanthus subtilis) --.-.---- one tet Sethe Bed RN SO Em Sees eee Dees Syl Stipa (Corona bas yest) ts Bo eye ime sre elie eye re nla here ee ene cr EP te os ne ee eee 8 emMINeNS «25. Tease eto se tee ae Hee aoe enoe Series Cee See ER COE EE ree asec ee eee ear 9 LGtieghl ae seee souado dona os onisaea eno Sond Sano oSodead sudo mace oso sees sd adsood sesacesosdeeS 10 OCCIMOMbAliS 212 Sesh es Sees est Bohs ie vw as cee tee errata are eo ear ene iL Parighite css a eee es SE Se a ae ere ee re or 12 setigera ..---- Pea ce MOR oman Maen tem Sen aN Manure ae NON ee Ses iwse aoc 13 SUOSE heaee So aaa semen Snosce eas souoe bap pouSopbSdueGoda odds doooUnceen anus boeboe cesaosee 14 Stillmanteciessee Sashes re SSeS ie aS ae eae ee ee eee te ae ne 15 S]0 BOL: ee eee eh ys eT ee eis eran beta ae een deal ee Seen SS So aom SaeSeosc 16 Trisetum: barbatus sess is sy SS ye ee ee ee ere ee See 60 CalehorwaT Our eee a ei a ee Ep ec Se a sR ne a 46 CGE OVeY aL EX) OV EET —— STILLMANI Boland. STIPA ge ee ee ee No. 16. STIPA STRICTA Vasey, Bull. Torr. Club, x. 42. Plant perennial, somewhat cespitose. Culm erect, simple, slender, terete, pubescent at the nodes, 1 to 14 feet high. Leaves trom the base, with short sheaths and narrow involute blades 10 to 15 inches long. Leaves of the culm 2 or 3; sheaths rather loose, striate, minutely hispid, longer than the internodes; blades conduplicate or involute, 1 to 2 lines wide, 3 to 6 inches long; ligule membranaceous, lacerate, the lateral teeth longer. Inflorescence a narrow, erect panicle included below in the upper sheath; branches mostly in twos or threes or upper ones single, appressed, unequal, 1 inch long or less, the longer branched and bearing 3 to 5 spikelets beyond the middle. Spikelets oblanceolate, narrow, 5 to 6 lines long; empty glumes appressed, lance- olate, slender-pointed, convex and herbaceous below, thin-membranaceous and carinate above, sometimes purplish, 3-nerved, or both sometimes 5-nerved at base; first glume 54 to 6 lines long; second glume usually half a line shorter; stipe slender, curved, acute, short-bearded, 4 line long; floret spindle-shaped, 24 to 3 lines long, 4 line thick; floral glume thin, chartaceous, with 2 ciliate teeth $ line long at the apex, clothed throughout with close, short pubesence, 5-nerved; awn twisted and pubescent below, naked above, usually bent twice, 14 to 2 inches long; palet lanceolate, cleft or erose-dentate at the apex, pubescent between the 2 nerves, 14 lines long; lodicules slender, % line long; . anthers naked; grain spindle-shaped, olive-brown, 24 lines long. PLATE XVI; a, panicle; b, spikelet partly dissected enlarged 3 times. In the Sierra Nevada Mountains from central California to Washington. Probably a good species for sheep pastures. PLATE Savir &) RS < 5 e fea om a eS Now: ORYZOPSIS EXIGUA Thurb. Bot. Wilkes Exp. 481. Plant perennial, tufted, with numerous sterile shoots. Culms erect, Slender, terete, hispid, 6 to 15 inches high; nodes black, scarcely con- stricted. Leaves of sterile shoots numerous, with close striate, hispid sheaths, and narrow involute, wiry, scabrous blades 4 to 7 inches long. Leaves of culm usually 4; lower two with short, overlapping sheaths and blades like the radical leaves, next sheaths above much shorter than the internode, upper sheath usually vaginate and: longer, upper blades erect, 2 to 4 inches long; ligule membranaceous, acute, 1 to 2 lines long. Inflorescence a narrrow secund panicle included at first, 14 to 3 inches long; rachis fiexuous, branches usually in pairs, erect, unequal, the longer bearing usually 2 spikelets and the shorter one. Spikelets lanceolate, turgid, 1-flowered, 24 lines long; empty glumes oblong-ovate, barely acute or abruptly acuminate, membranaceous, minutely scabrous, equal, 2 to 24 lines long, 3-nerved or 5-nerved at the base, the nerves anastomosing; stipe short, blunt; floret spindle-shaped, 2 to 24 lines long, + as thick; floral glume herbaceous, becoming chartaceous, obtuse or with purple teeth at the apex, clothed throughout with short pubescence, 5-nerved, the nerves uniting above; awn persistent, minutely hispid, brown, 2 to 3 lines long; palet equaling the glume and like it in texture and pubescence, obtuse or bidentate at the apex; lodicules 2, 4 line long; anthers exserted ; grain oblong, flattened, oblique at the obtuse apex, yellow, minutely wrinkled, 14 lines long, 4 as wide. PLATE XVII; a, spikelet partly dissected, enlarged 5 times. Oregon and Washington, in the mountains. The persistent awn and elongated floret of this species place it close to Stipa, and indicate that it is difficult to make even an artificial distinction between the two genera. (bel ee No. 18. ORYZOPSIS WEBBERI (Thurb.) Vasey, Bull. Torr. Club, xv. 49. Plant perennial, densely cespitose. Culms erect, slender, thickened at the base, wiry, terete, hispidulous, 3 to 9 inches high, covered at base with numerous scarious, brown, shiny, smooth sheaths, naked only below the upper sheath. Leaves from the base numerous, filiform-convolute, rigid, scabrous, often ciliate near the base, 3 to 4 inches long. Leaves of culm 2 or 3 below, and 1 or often 2 or 3 somewhat fascicled above; lower sheaths close, slightly hispid, overlapping, with blades like those of the radical leaves but not exceeding them; upper sheath or fascicle of sheaths .dilated, nearly smooth, with an erect, convolute, rigid, deciduous blade scarcely equaling the panicle; ligule obscure or the upper ones membranaceous, oblique, less than +4 line long. Inflorescence a narrow, somewhat secund panicle, or often of 2 to 4 nearly equal erect branches 14 to 3 inches long, included at base, rays in twos or threes, erect, bear- ing one or two spikelets on clavate pedicels. Spikelets oblanceolate, 1-flowered; empty glumes spreading, lanceolate, acuminate, membranaceous above, often purple-tinged, smooth, 3-nerved, equal, 4 lines long; stipe oblique, obconical, acute, bearded throughout like the glume, } line long; floret spin- dle-shaped, 24 to 24 lines long, 4 line thick; floral glume coriaceous, yellow when mature, densely clothed throughout with erect, white, persistent hairs 1 to 14 lines long, 5-nerved, the lateral nerves uniting with the midnerve above; awn minutely sca- brous, twisted, bent, 3 to 5 lines long, caducous; palet 2 lines long, chartaceous and bearded like the glume, especially above; lodicules 2, linear, 1 line long; anthers naked; grain broadly spindle-shaped, nearly smooth, dark brown, opaque, nearly 2 lines long and 4 as thick. PLATE XVIII; a, spikelet enlarged 3 times; a’, spikelet before the awn has dropped; 6, empty glumes; ec, floret; d, palet. California and Nevada. = eS , = . VQ : <= a AN A Sa SS = a . ~~ = Ny S é No. 37. CALAMAGROSTIS BREWERI Thurb. Bot. Cal. i. 280. Plant perennial, in small, dense tufts. } Culms erect, simple, slender, smooth, and wiry, about 1 foot high; nodes black. Leaves from the base, abundant, with scarious sheaths and setaceously involute blades 3 inches long. Leaves of culm usually but one above the base; sheath close, striate, smooth, 1 to 2 inches long; blade erect, scabrid, involute, 1 inch long or less; ligule narrow, acute, | line long. Inflorescence a loose-spreading panicle 2 to 3 inches long; rays solitary or in twos or threes, spreading or even detlexed, purple, the lower $ to 1 inch long, bearing 2 or 3 spikelets at the ends. Spikelets on pedicels about equaling themselves, turgid, 1-flowered, 14 to 2 lines long; empty glumes nearly equal (second slightly longer), lanceolate, acute, convex, purple, scarious-margined, smooth, 1-nerved (or second obscurely 3-nerved), 14 to 2 lines long; floral glume oblong, 4-toothed at the obtuse apex, thin, minutely scabrid or nearly smooth, 4-nerved, 15 lines long; hairs of the callus short, of the rudiment % as long as the glume; awn attached near the base, exserted a line or more; palet oblong, obtuse, or bidentate at the apex, thin, smooth, 14 lines long; grain oblong, flattened, yellow, opaque, ? line long; lodicules minute or absent. PLATE XXXVII; a, empty glumes enlarged 8 times; b, rudiment and floret with glume and palet spread to show the stamens; ec, floral glume, dorsal view. ® In the Sierras of California, at an altitude of 9,000 to 10,000 feet. ~ — VVV17, XXVIT. x WRScholl, del. ie Pp GASH E ere SC Og ee AR Le 3, Ay eee Ne No. 38. CALAMAGROSTIS CRASSIGLUMIS Thurb. Bot. Cal. ii, 281. Plant perennial, tufted, with rather strong rootstocks. Julm erect, simple, smooth, rather stout, rigid, 10 to 15 inches high. Leaves from the base and of sterile shoots numerous, 2 to 6 inches long. Leaves of culm 2 or 3; sheaths loose, striate, smooth, exceeding the internodes; blades divaricate, involute toward the acute points, thick, striate, hispid above, smooth beneath, 2 to 4 inches long; ligules obtuse, $ line long or less. Inflorescence a rather dense, almost spicate, erect panicle, 2 inches long, deep pur- ple; rays glomerate, unequal, less than $ inch long, crowded nearly or quite to the base with short-pediceled spikelets. Spikelets turgid, acute, 15 to 2 lines long; empty glumes broadly lanceolate or lance-ovate, abruptly pointed, subcartilaginous, with thin margins, hispidulous through- out, hispid on the nerves, 2 lines long or less; first glume 1-nerved (rarely 2-nerved): second glume 3-nerved; floral glume oblong-ovate, toothed at the obtuse apex, rather thick, minutely hispid, 5-nerved, 14 lines long; hairs of the callus and of the short, linear rudiment % as long as the glume; awn attached at the middle or below, equaling or slightly exceeding its glume; palet oblong, bidentate at the apex, 2-nerved, about 1 line long; lodicules 2, persistent, broadly lanceolate, thin, nearly $ line long. PLATE XXXVIIIT; a, empty glumes enlarged 5 times; 0, floral glume, dorsal view, partly unrolled; ¢, lodicules, stamens, pistil and ventral view of floral glume spread out. Swamps northern California to Washington and Vancouver Island. The northern i S specimens are taller and larger. « No. 39. CALAMAGROSTIS CUSICKII Vasey, Bot. Gaz. x. 224. _ Plant perennial, loosely tufted, with numerous sterile shoots and few flower-bearing culms, from strong creeping rootstocks. Culms erect, simple, smooth, 3 to 4 feet high. Leaves of sterile shoots with close, overlapping sheaths and flat, slightly hispid, flexible blades 10 to 15 inches long. Leaves of culm 3 or 4; sheaths striate, nearly smooth, half as long as the internodes, or the lower ones equaling the shorter inter- nodes; blades flat, hispid on both sides, 6 to 10 inches long, 2 to 3 lines wide; ligule obtuse, decurrent, 2 to 3 lines long. Inflorescence a rather closely flowered, oblong, erect panicle 6 inches long, 1 inch thick; rays crowded in 10 to 12 semiverticillate clusters, ascending, unequal, the longer (14 inches) subdivided and bearing clusters of short-pediceled spikelets beyond the middle, the shorter ray spikelet-bearing to the base. Spikelets narrow, acute, 2 to 24 lines long; empty glumes lanceolate, acute or acu- minate, convex, nearly smooth, rigid; first glume 1-nerved, 2 to 24 lines long; second glume obscurely 5-nerved and slightly shorter; floral glume oblong, 4-toothed at the slightly cleft apex, thin, smooth, 4-nerved above, 14 lines long; awn attached below the middle, slightly exceeding the glume; hairs of the callus and very small rudiment scanty, $ as long as the glume; palet oblong, obtuse, thin, 2-nerved, 14 lines long. PLATE XXXIX; a, spikelet enlarged 6 times; b, empty glumes; ec, floral glume, side view; d, palet, ventral view, partly unrolled. 4 Eastern Oregon, atan altitude of 5,000 to 6,000 feet. This grass produces a large quantity of foliage and probably will be found useful for cultivation. No. 40. CALAMAGROSTIS DENSA Vasey, Bot. Gaz. xvi. 147. Plant perennial, from strong root stocks densely tufted or in large patches. Culms erect, stout, nearly smooth or slightly hispid just below the black con- stricted nodes, 5 to 4 feet high. Leaves of culm 4 to 5; sheaths rather loose, striate, hispid, the lower exceeding the internodes, the upper one including the base of the panicle, middle ones little shorter than the internodes; blades flat near the base, involute toward the long, atten- uate points, hispid on both sides, or nearly smooth beneath, 1 foot long or less, 3 to 4 lines wide; ligule lacerate, 2 to 3 lines long. Inflorescence a narrow, lance-oblong, densely flowered panicle, 4 to 6 inches long, 4 inch thick; rays semiverticillate in a kind of collar on the slightly hispid rachis, appressed, 1 inch long or less, densely crowded to the base with nearly sessile spikelets. Spikelets narrow, 1-flowered, 24 lines long; empty glumes, equal, lanceolate, acute ; first glume carinate and I-nerved; second glume concave, 3-nerved, minutely hispid on the nerves, 24 lines long; floral glume oblong; 4-toothed at the 2-lobed apex, smooth, 4-nerved, 2 lines long; hairs of the rudiment half as long as the glume, of the callus shorter; awn attached below the middle, equaling or slightly exceeding the glume; palet linear-oblong, bidentate at the apex, thin, 2-nerved, 14 lines long; grain narrowly oblong. PLATE XL; a, empty glumes spread apart, enlarged 6 times; 0b, floret with glume and palet spread apart; c, floral glume, dorsal view. ; Southern California. Vasey. SSSA |. CALAMAGROSTIS DENSA No. 41. . CALAMAGROSTIS DESCHAMPSIOIDES Trin. Sp. Gram. iii. t. 354. Plant perennial, tufted, stoloniferous. Culms decumbent at base, smooth, 6 to 10 inches high. Leaves from the base and of sterile shoots numerous, flat or slightly involute, sea- brid above, 3 to 6 inches long. Leaves of culm usually 2; sheaths close, smooth, shorter than the internodes; blades folded or involute, erect, 1 to 2 inches long; ligule 1 line long. Inflorescence a loose, ovate or pyramidal panicle, 1 to 3 inches long; rays in twos or threes, 14 inches long or less, divided and bearing 3 to 6 spikelets beyond the middle. Spikelets on pedicels about equaling themselves, turgid, 1-flowered, 2 to 24 lines long; empty glumes lance-ovate, acute, convex, minutely hispid or nearly smooth, pur- ple, becoming brown in age; first glume 1-nerved, 13 to 24 lines long; second glume obscurely 3-nerved and slightly longer; floral glumes lanceolate or lance-oblong, bidentate at the apex, minutely hispid, 4-nerved above, 2 lines long; hairs of the callus and rudiment half as long as the glume; awn attached to the middle or above, 2 lines long or less; palet oblong, obtuse, thin, 2-nerved, 2 lines long; grain oblong, flattened, yellow, opaque, 1 line long; lodicules very small. PLATE XLI; a, empty glumes spread somewhat, enlarged 5 times; b, rudiment and floret with glume and palet spread; ¢, floral glume, dorsal view; d, stamens and pistil. Alaska and adjacent islands. No. 42. CALAMAGROSTIS HOWELLII Vasey, Bot. Gaz. vi. 271. Plant perennial, densely tufted, with abundant, rather coarse roots. Culms erect or somewhat geniculate below, simple, smooth, 10 to 20 inches high. Leaves ot sterile shoots numerous, with close, smooth sheaths and slender, invo- lute blades nearly equaling or even exceeding the culms. Leaves of the culm 2 or 3; sheaths close, striate, smooth, equaling the internodes; blades ascending, flat or involute, attenuate-pointed, firm, not rigid, slightly hispid above, 5 to 8 inches long, 1 line wide; ligule scarious, often purple, nearly acute, 24 lines long. Inflorescence an oblong or pyramidal panicle 2 to 5 inches long, spreading at flower- ing-time and more or less contracted afterward; rays mostly in fives, slender, scabrous, 14 inches long or less, subdivided, and bearing 5 to 10 spikelets beyond the middle. Spikelets on pedicels nearly equaling or often exceeding themselves, turgid, acute, 23 to 3 lineslong; empty glumes lanceolate, acuminate, convex, carinate above, smooth; first glume 1-nerved, 24 to 3 lines long; second glume distinctly 3-nerved, slightly shorter; floral glume lance-ovate, thin, nearly smooth, 24 to 3 lines !ong, cleft at the apex, each lobe terminating in two slender teeth formed by the excurrent nerves awn attached about 4 from the base, bent, $ inch long; hairs of the callus half as long as the glume; hairs and awn of the rudiment equaling the glume; palet oblong, the two nerves excurrent at the obtuse apex, thin, smooth, 2 lines long; grain narrowly oblong, slightly flattened, 1 line long. PLATE XLII; a, empty glumes; 0b, rudiment and floret with glume and palet spread apart, Showing the grain; c¢, palet. Oregon. A handsome species easily distinguished by the long setaceous leaves, the prominent awns, and the slender teeth of both glumes and palets. It produces abun- dant foliage, and should be tried in cultivation as a pasture or meadow grass, = St eee —— <= Se ——— SSS — = See eieeroee cesar SS = SE No. 43. CALAMAGROSTIS PURPURASCENS R. Br. in Richardson, Bot. Appx. Franklin’s Voy. 3. Plant perennial, tufted, with rather coarse woolly roots. Culms erect, simple, Smooth and shining or slightly hispid near the nodes, 2 to 24 feet high. | Leaves of culm usually 3; sheaths striate, hispidulous, or nearly smooth, much shorter than the internodes; blades flat, involute toward the attenuate points, flexible, hispidulous, 6 to 10 inches long; ligule lacerate or fimbriate, obtuse, 2 lines long. Inflorescence a closely flowered, erect, narrow panicle, 3 to 4 inches long, 4 inch thick; rays crowded in 10 to 12 clusters, appressed, unequal, } inch long or less, the longer spikelet-bearing beyond the middle, the shorter crowded with spikelets to the base. Spikelets on pedicels half as long as themselves, turgid, acute, 2 lines long; empty elumes lanceolate, acute, smooth, purple at apex or throughout; first glume carinate, I-nerved; second glume convex, distinctly 3-nerved, 2 lines long; floral glume oblong, erose at the obtuse apex, smooth, 4-nerved, 14 lines long; awn attached 4 way from the base, 2 lines long; hairs of the rudiment unequal, half as long as the glume, those of the callus scanty and shorter; palet oblong, obtuse, thin, 2-nerved, 14 lines long. PLATE XLIII; a, spikelet enlarged 7 times; b,empty glumes; ¢, floral glume, side view; d, palet, dorsal view. Alaska and British America, extending south in the Cascade Mountains to Wash- ington. No. 44. CALAMAGROSTIS TWEEDYI Secribn. Contr. Nat. Herb. iii. 83. Plant perennial, loosely tufted, stoloniferous. Culms erect, smooth, robust, thick, 3 to 34 feet high. Leaves from the base, flat, lanceolate, slightly hispid, 5 to 10 inches long, 4 to 5 lines wide. Leaves of culm 2 or 3; sheaths rather loose, striate, smooth or slightly scabrous above, shorter than the internodes; blades flat, erect, hispid, 1 to 3 inche long; ligule thin, membranaceous, decurrent, 3 to 4 lines long. | Inflorescence a close, erect, oblong panicle 3 to 4 inches long, 4 inch thick; rays 5 to many, crowded in 12 to 15 clusters, appressed, unequal, an inch long or less, the longer spikelet-bearing above the middle, the shorter crowded to the base. Spikelets short-pediceled, turgid, 1-flowered, 3 lines long; empty glumes lanceolate, acute, nearly smooth; first glume 1-nerved, slightly carinate; second glume 3-nerved, convex, 3 lines long; floral glume ovate-oblong, unequally toothed at the rounded apex, minutely scabrid, 4-nerved, 25 lines long; awn attached 4 way from the base of the glume, twisted and bent, 3 to 4 lines long; hairs of the callus short and unequal, those of the rudiment half as long as the glume; palet lance-oblong, obtuse, thin, smooth, 2-nerved, 2 lines long; grain oblong, yellow, opaque, 14 lines long. PLATE XLIV; a, spikelet, enlarged 5 times; b, empty glumes, spread apart; e¢, floral glume, side view; d, palet, dorsal view; e, rudiment and palet; /, floret and rudiment. Cascade Mountains, Washington. No. 45, DESCHAMPSIA CAESPITOSA Beauv. var. ARCTICA Vasey. Plant perennial, densely czespitose. Culms erect, stout, smooth, 10 to 15 inches high. Leaves of sterile shoots numerous, with rather loose, thin, overlapping sheaths and flat or folded, erect blades 4 to 6 inches long. Leaves of the culm usually but one above the base; sheath rather loose, striate, smooth, 4 to 5 inches long; blade flat or folded, slightly scabrid above, 1 to 3 inches long; ligule thin, attenuate-pointed, 2 to 4 inches long. Inflorescence a loose, pyramidal or oblong panicle 4 to 5 inches long; rays mostly in threes or twos at the 6 or 7 nodes of the slightly flexuous, smooth, common axis, scabrous, 2 inches or less long, subdivided and spikelet-bearing beyond the middle. Spikelets on pedicels about equaling themselves, slightly compressed, 2- to 3-flow- ered, 3 to 34 lines long; empty glumes lance-ovate, minutely bidentate at the apex, thin, scarious-margined, smooth, purple turning brownish; first glume 1-nerved, 24 lines long; second glume wider, slightly longer, 3-nerved; floral glume oblong, erosely 4-toothed at the truncate apex, thin, obscurely 4-nerved, 2 to 24 lines long; awn at- tached near the base, straight, about 2 lines long; hairs of the callus + as long as the glume; intrenodes of the rachilla hairy, 1 line long, extended beyond the base of the palet oblong, 2-lobed at the apex, thin, 2-nerved, 2 lines long; stamens 3 with short upper floret; filaments. PLATE XLV; a, empty glumes; J, florets slightly opened. Coast of Alaska and adjacent islands. “e 7 PLATE XIV. No. 46. TRISETUM CALIFORNICUM Vasey, n. sp. Plant apparently annual, loosely tufted, with numerous slender roots. Culms geniculate below, spreading, weak, rather slender, branching, velvety- pubescent near the nodes, 10 to 20 inches high. Leaves of culm usually 3; sheaths rather loose, striate, finely pubescent, retrorsely hispidulous, the lower shorter than the internodes, the upper longer and usually inclosing the base of the panicle; blades flat or folded, erect, finely pubescent, hispidu- lous, 2 to 3 inches long, 1 line wide; ligule obliquely obtuse, somewhat lacerate, 1 line long or less. Inflorescence a narrow, contracted, loose, flexuous panicle, 3 to 4 inches long, somewhat interrupted below; rays erect, mostly in twos, unequal, $ to 2 inches long, spikelet-bearing to the base. Spikelets on pedicels $ as long as themselves, obovate, 3-or 4-flowered, 24 to 3 lines long; empty glumes oblanceolate, barely acute or obtuse, scabro-pubescent, scarious- margined; first glume 3-nerved; second glume broader, 5-nerved, 2 lines long; floral glume ovate-lanceolate, cleft 4 way down from the thin apex, smooth, obscurely 5-nerved, 2 to24 lines long; awn attached below the cleft, bent, 3 to 4 lines long; internode of rachilla $ line long, slightly hairy; palet oblong, spread out above, 2-toothed, thin, 1 line long. PLATE XLVI; figure of the plant taken from a rather young and depauperate specimen; a, spikelet enlarged 7 times; b, empty glumes; ¢, floral glumes, side view; d, palet, dorsal view. Lower California near the boundary and probably extending into southern Cali- ornia. No. 47. TRISETUM CANESCENS Buckley, Proc. Acad. Phil. 1862. 100. Plant perennial, loosely tufted, somewhat thickened at base, with numerous fibrous roots. Culms erect, striate, nearly smooth, 2 to 3 feet high. Leaves from the base, with close, short sheaths and flat, canescent blades 6 to 10 inches long. Leaves of culm usually 3; sheaths rather loose, open above, Sstriate, canescent or nearly smooth, shorter than the internodes; blades flat, canescent, scabrid or nearly smooth, 4 to 6 inches long, 3 lines wide; ligule ovate, erose or lacerate, 2 to 3 lines long. Inflorescence a narrow, somewhat flexuose, rather closely flowered panicle 6 to 8 inches long; rays mostly in fours or threes at the 10 to 12 nodes of the scabrid or nearly smooth common axis, erect, slightly scabrid, unequal, 2 inches or less long, bearing beyond the middle, or to the base on the shorter ones, 3 to 10 spikelets nearly sessile or on pedicels as long as themselves. Spikelets slightly compressed, 3 to 4 lines long, 2-flowered, or with only 1 perfect flower; first empty glume narrowly ovate, acute, slightly carinate, thin, hispid on the keel, 1-nerved, 14 to 2 lines long; second empty glume broadly lanceolate, acute, his- pid on the keel above, 3-nerved below, 1 line wide, 3 lines long; floral glume ovate- lanceolate, cleft 4 way from the apex, somewhat chartaceous, membranaceous on the margins above, minutely scabrid, obscurely 5-nerved, 3 lines long; awn attached at base of cleft, hispid, twisted and bent, $ inch long, hairs of the distinct callus 4 line long; internodes of rachilla villose, 1 to 2 lines long; palet lance-oblong, minutely 2-toothed at the apex, slightly arched, finely canescent on the two keels, thin, 24 lines long; grain spindle-shaped, slightly gibbous, light yellow, opaque, 13 lines long. PLATE XLVI; a, spikelet enlarged 7 times; b, empty glumes; c¢, floral glume, dorsal view; d, palet, dorsal view; e, palet and internode of rachilla, side view. California to southern Alaska. ee PLATE / } / No. 48. TRISETUM CERNUUM Trin. Mém. Aead. St.-Peters. 1830. i. 61. Plant perennial, loosely tufted, somewhat thickened at base. Culms erect, smooth, 2 to 3 feet high. Leaves of culm usually three; sheaths rather loose, open above, striate, smooth or scabrid above or even canescent, shorter than the internodes; blades flat, scabrid on both sides or nearly smooth beneath, 5 to 10 inches long, 3 to 6 lines wide; ligule ovate, lacerate, 1 to 6 lines long. Inflorescence a rather loose, open, flexuose or nodding panicle 5 to 8 inches long; rays in twos, threes, or fours at the 7 to 10 nodes of the scabrid common axis, slender, flexuose, spreading, scabrid, bearing beyond the middle spikelets on pedicels 1 to 5 lines long. Spikelets compressed, 2-, 3-, or rarely 4-flowered, 3 to 4 lines long; first empty glume narrowly ovate, acute, carinate, thin, minutely hispid on the keel, 1-nerved, 1 to 15 lines long; second empty glume broadly oblong, obtuse or acuminate, thin, hispid on the keel above, 3-nerved below, 2 to 24 lines long; awn arising below the base of the cleft, 3 to 5 lines long; hairs of the callus short; internode of the rachilla villose, 1 line long, upper one bearing a slender awn about one line long; palet oblong, erose at the obtuse apex, slightly arched, thin, minutely scabrid, hispidulous on the two keels, 14 lines long; grain narrowly oblong, light yellow, opaque, 14 lines long. PLATE XLVIII; a, spikelet enlarged 6 times; b, empty glumes; ¢, floral glume, side view; d, palet, dorsal view; e, palet and internode of rachilla, side view. Northern California to Alaska. No. 49. ORCUTTIA CALIFORNICA Vasey, Bull. Torr. Club, xiii. 219. Plant annual, in low, spreading clusters. Culms geniculate, spreading, branching, slightly hairy, 2 to 4 inches long. Leaves of culm 2 or 3; sheaths open, somewhat inilated, striate, sparsely hairy, about equaling the internodes; blades flat or folded, 1 inch long or less; ligule obso- lete. Inflorescence a simple panicle about 1 inch long, of 4 to 8 sessile spikelets, inter- rupted below, crowded above, often but a single pair of empty glumes for a cluster of 3 or more upper spikelets. Spikelets compressed, broadly ovate, 12- to 20-flowered, 3 to 5 lines long; empty glumes oblong, convex, sparsely pubescent, 1 to 2 lines long, with usually 3 acute, 3-nerved lobes at the apex, the outer lobes longer; floral glume oblong, convex, scar- ious-margined, sparsely pubescent, 14 to 24 lines long with 5 narrow, acute, 3-nerved lobes, the middle lobes longer; palet oblong, erosely 4-toothed at the apex, thin, 14 to 2 lines long, with 2 rigid green keels; internodes of rachilla nearly smooth, + line long, not extending Leyond the base of the upper floret; stamens 3. PLATE XLIX; a, plant, natural size; b, cluster of spikelets enlarged about 7 times; c, first empty glume; d, second empty glume; e, floral glume; jf, palet; g, stamen and pistil. Northern Lower California near the line and probably extending across the boun- dary into the United States. No. 50. ORCUTTIA GREENE! Vasey, Bot. Gaz. xvi. 146. Plant apparently annual, in small tufts of about a dozen culms from a root. Culms erect or ascending, rigid, terete, finely pubescent, 5 to 10 inches high. Leaves of culm 5 to 8; sheaths open, loose, striate, pubescent or somewhat gla- brate, shorter than the nearly equal internodes; blades erect, rigid, loosely involute, seabrid, 2 inches or less long; ligule obsolete. Inflorescence a narrow, spicate, jagged panicle, 1 to 3 inches long, usually included at base in the upper sheath. Spikelets sessile, appressed, ovate or oblong, compressed, 9- to 15-flowered, 4 to 6 lines long; empty glumes oblong, wider above, oblique, 3-toothed at the apex, scarious- margined, rigid, prominently 7- to 9-nerved, sparsely pubescent, about 2 lines long; sec- ond glume slightly larger; floral glume broadly oblong, somewhat carinate, rigid, scarious-margined, sparsely pubescent, 24 lines long, with 5 to 7 prominent nerves terminating in as many teeth and as many or more less prominent nerves terminating at the sinuses; palet oblong, wider toward the erosely 4-toothed apex, 2 lines long, with 2 rigid green keels; grain ovate-oblong, yellow, opaque, 1 line long; internode of rachilla $ line long, nearly smooth. PLATE L; a, spikelet enlarged 4 times; b, floral glumes; c¢, palet, dorsal view. Chico, northern California. =~ — GRASSES OF THE PACIFIC SLOPE, INCLUDING ALASKA AND THE ADJACENT ISLANDS. | AUR TE iE: No. 51. SCHIMDTIA SUBTILIS Tratt. Fl. Austr. i. 12 (1816). Plant low, spreading, annual. Culms geniculate and often branched below, ascending, slender, 1 to 3 inches tall. Leaves two or three on each culm; sheaths rather scarious, loose, open above, the upper one vaginate; blades flat or folded, curved backward, smooth, $ inch long and | line or less wide; ligule ovate, acute, Teena 1 to 2 lines long. Inflorescence a rather spreading, interrupted, flexuous panicle $ to 1 inch long, simple or branched below, with spikelets in umbellate clusters at the nodes of the axis and extremities of the branches, on pubescent pedicels 5 lines iong or less. Spikelets 1-flowered, about 4 line long; floral glume lanceolate, ‘ eer awn- pointed, thin, membranaceous, shoes the hispidulous excurrent midnerve, 4 line long palet broadly obovate, 2- or 3-lobed or toothed above, about 4 line long, thin, ane Be eeOUs except the two hispidulous, divergent, shghtly ecoumtent keels; stamens 4, with short anthers; ovary elliptical, smooth, $ line long, with 2 feathered stigmas; nnenedie erain nealdlisth, » ‘ line long, falling free. PLATE LI, No.1; a, spikelet opened slightly; b, floral glume, dorsal view; c, palet, ventral view, half opened. Oregon and Washington, in low, muddy land. Too small and scarce to be of any practical value. The name was changed to Coleanthus subtilis Seid. in R. & S. Syst. ii. 276 (1817), because an older genus Smithia was held to conflict with the use of Schmidtia. The plate was lithographed before the recent changes in nomenclature reinstated the older generic name. No. 51, PHIPPSIA ALGIDA R. Br. Chlor. Melv. 285 (1823). Plant low, cespitose or densely tufted, perennial, with abundant, long, fibrous roots. Culms branched below, ascending, rather robust, smooth, 3 to 6 inches long. Leaves of culm 2 or 3, with loose, open, rather scarious, smooth sheaths nearly equaling the internodes, and flat or folded, obtuse, smooth blades 2 inches or less long; ligule membranaceous, 1 line or less long. Inflorescence an oblong, rather closely flowered panicle about 1 inch long; rays 4 or 6 in semiverticillate clusters, unequal, $ inch long or less, erect, divided, and spikelet- bearing near the extremities. Spikelets obovate, somewhat compressed, 1-flowered, 3 line long; einpty glumes” obtuse, less than + line long, cadueous; floral glume lance-oblong, obtuse, or barely acute, usually denticulate above, smooth, obscurely 3-nerved, 2 line long; palet obovate, oblong, obtuse, or more or less 3-lobed above, nearly smooth on the 2 divergent keels; Stamens 2; grain broadly elliptical, tuberculate, roughened, about equaling the glumes at maturity. PLATE LI, No. 2; a, spikelet opened; b, floral glume; c, palet, dorsal view, partly opened. Alaska and Arctic America. Its mode of growth in dense masses would indicate that it might form a considerable portion of the forage of the herbivorous animals of the region. 8 > = 1) S w a N No. 52. ARCTAGROSTIS LATIFOLIA (R. Br.) Griseb. in Ledeb. Fl. Ross. iv. 434 (1853); Colpodium latifolium R. Br. Chior. Melv. 286 (1823). Plant perennial, with strong, creeping rootstock, usually purple in the inflores- cence. Culms erect or slightly decumbent at the base, robust, smooth, leafy nearly to the panicle, 6 to 12 inches tall. Leaves of the culm usually 3; sheaths loose, open above, smooth, usually exceed- ing the internodes; blades flat, striate, scabrous above, 2 to 4 lines wide, 2 to 4 inches long; ligule usually lacerate at the obtuse apex, 2 lines long. Inflorescence a rather closely flowered, contracted panicle, 2 to 5 inches long; rays in semiverticillate clusters of 3 to 5 at each of the 6 to 8 nodes, appressed or slightly spreading, unequal, an inch long or less, spikelet-bearing to the base, or the longer ones sometimes naked below. Spikelets 2 to 24 lines long, 1-flowered, with a slender capillary rudiment; empty glumes broadly lance-oblong, acute or subacute, thin, smooth, the first 1-nerved, 1 to 14 lines long, the second + line longer and 3-nerved; floral glume broadly lance-oblong, subacute or often mucronulate, minutely roughened throughout, slightly pubescent on the keel below, obscurely 5-nerved, 2 lines long; palet broad and glumaceous in form and texture, margins not infolded, purple like the glume and about equaling it in length, pubescent on the 2 nerves; stamens 3, with short filaments and yellow anther 1 line long. PLATE LIT; a, spikelet with floret and rudiment lifted out and opened to show the stamens; J), first empty glume; ¢, second empty glume; d, floral glume; e, palet. Alaska to Greenland. This species resembles Dupontia Fisheri more nearly than any other of the same region, but that is readily distinguished by its long, golden, empty glumes. PLATE LIL. No. 53. AGROSTIS FOLIOSA Vasey, Bull. Torr, Club, xiii. 55 (1886). Plants perennial, from a creeping rootstock, tufted. Culms erect or decumbent at the base, leafy throughout, smooth, 1 to 2 feet tall. Leaves of the culn 3 to 53 sheaths smooth, close, equaling or often exceeding the internodes; blades flat, long pointed, hispidulous or nearly smooth, 2 to 3 lines wide, 4 to 8 inches long; ligule obtuse, 1 to 2 lines long. Inflorescence a loose, oblong, erect panicle, 3 to 6 inches long; rays 3 to 7 at each of the 7 to 9 nodes, slender, scabrid, 2 inches long or less, subdivided, and spikelet- bearing beyond the middle or nearly to the base. Spikelets 1-flowered, 1 to 15 lines long; empty glumes, ovate, acute, hispid on the keel, or the second usually smooth, i-nerved, equal, or the first slightly larger,1 to 1$ lines long; floral glume ovate-oblong, nearly equaling the empty glumes, smooth except a Slight tuft of hairs at the base, 4-nerved above, the nerves terminating in 4 short teeth; awn arising at the middle or below, $ to 2 lines long; palet wanting; grain 4 line long. PLATE LIIT; a, spikelet with floret lifted out of the empty glumes; J, floral glume not opened at the base, dorsal view; c¢, floral glume, ventral view. Oregon and Washington, in the mountains. This species is rather variable and difficult to define, like some others of the same genus in this region. Its stoloniferous, perennial habit and abundant foliage indicate that it might be valuable for pasturage | [Pl Lya IIE inl IOL No. 54. AGROSTIS MICROPHYLLA Steud. Syn. Pl. Gram. 164 (1855), Plant annual, loosely tufted, with slender, fibrous roots. Culms erect, often branched at the base, slender, smooth, constricted at the black nodes, 6 to 15 inches tall. Leaves of the culm 2 or 3; sheaths nearly smooth, closed, shorter than the inter- nodes; blades erect, scabrid, flat, or loosely involute, 2 inches long or less; ligule usually lacerate, 1 to 2 lines long. Inflorescence a close-flowered, spike-like panicle, 1$ to 3 inches long, light-green or purplish, the numerous exserted awns giving it a feathery appearance; rays in semi verticillate clusters at the 5 to 7 nodes, unequal, barely exceeding the intervals, $ inch long or less, divided and crowded to the base with pedicellate, appressed spikelets. Spikelets 1-flowered, 14 to 2 lines long; empty glumes nearly equal, subulate-pointed thin, hispid on the keels, 1-nerved, 14 to 2 lines long; floral glume broadly oblong, 4. toothed at the apex, smooth except the few minute hairs at the base, thin, obscurely 4-nerved, 1 line long or less; awn arising above the middle, hispidulous, slender, 2 to 3 lines long; palet wanting; stamens 3, the short anthers scarcely exserted. PLATE LIV; a, spikelet with glumes in position; 0), first empty glume; c, second empty glume; d, floral glume, side view; e, Same opened, dorsal view. California to Oregon, mostly on the coast ranges and foothills. This species has been referred to A. evarata, as it resembles some of the small forms of that variable species, but if may be distinguished by the smaller leaves, slender culms, and long awns. PAE TIVE Ht. Mayo, det. : . AGROSTIS MICROPHYLLA stud a ‘ < : Te din 2B - 7 No. 55. CALAMAGROSTIS ARCTICA Vasey, sp. nov. Plant perennial, from a creeping rootstock. Culms decumbent at base, smooth, 5 to 10 inches tall, covered below with persist- ent, scarioug sheaths. Leaves from the base, numerous, ase smooth, 2 lines wide, half as long as the culm; but 1 or 2 above the decumbent base, these with rather long sheaths loose above, half open at the throat, smooth and thin; the blades erect, flat, or folded, about 1 inch long; ligule nearly acute, about 14 lines long. Inflorescence, a dense, short, spicate panicle, 1 inch long and 4 inch wide,.rays 4 inch long, in glomerate clusters. Spikelets 1-flowered, 2 to 24 lines long; empty glumes narrowly lance-ovate, at- tenuate-pointed, hispid on the keels and minutely scabrid throughout, purple below, the first 1-nerved and slightly longer, the second 3-nerved, 2 to 25 lines long; floral glume oblong, acutely 4-toothed at the apex, smooth, purple above, 4-nerved, 2 lines jong; awn arising near the base, 25 to 3 lines long, exserted beyond the empty glumes; palet oblong, 2-toothed at the apex, nearly smooth on the keels, about equaling its glume; hairs of the callus and sterile pedicel one fourth as long as the floret. PLATE LV; a, spikelet dissected, showing all the parts somewhat fae: b, floral glume, do:'sal view. St. Paul Island, Bering Sea. Collected by J. M. Macoun, 1891. ao PLATS Eye am “WA, Scnoli, del. & No. 56. CALAMAGROSTIS NEGLECTA (Ebrh.) Gaertn. Fl. Wett. i. 94 (1799); Arundo neglecta Khrh. Beitr. vi. 137 (1791). Plant perennial, tutted, from a strong rootstock. Culms erect, simple, nearly smooth, leafy nearly to the panicle, 1 to 2 feet tall. Leaves of the radical-tuft numerous, with open, smooth, chartaceous sheaths and slender, involute, rather rigid, sharp-pointed blades half as long as the culm: leaves of the culm 2 or 3; sheaths striate, nearly smooth, close, half open at the throat, nearly as long as the internodes; blades erect, involute, 3 to 6 inches long; ligule acute, decurrent, 1 to 2 lines long. Inflorescence an erect, closely-flowered, narrow, oblong panicle 2 to 4 inches long; rays 4 to 6, in semiverticillate clusters at each of the 7 to 10 nodes of the hispid axis, triangular, hispid, erect or spreading, unequal, 1 inch long or less, subdivided and spikelet-bearing beyond the middle. Spikelets turgid, 14 lines long, with 1 perfect flower and a pilose rudiment; empty glumes nearly equal, ovate, acute, slightly scabrous and hispid on the keels, apccaers 3-nerved, 14 lines long; floral glume broadly oblong, erose-dentate at the truncate apex, smooth, 4-nerved, 1 to 14 lines long; awn arising above the middle, barely ex- ceeding the apex of the glume; palet broadly oblong, obtuse, half as long as the glume; hairs of the callus and rudiment one-half to two-thirds as long as the floret. PLATE LVI; a, spikelet; 5, first empty glume; c, second empty glume; d, floret, side view with the palet and rudiment brought out from the enveloping glume; e, floral glume spread out, dorsal view. Oregon to Alaska and in northern Labrador. This form agrees well with the specimens from Scandinavia, marked Arundo stricta Timm., Calamagrostis stricta Hartmann, and Deyeuxia neglecta Khrh. The figure, however, represents a broader panicled state than is usual. The name has been applied to a species from the high interior plains, which is C. robusta Vasey. D. Olszewskt del. AAT VL, R GHECTA Gaeron No. 57. CALAMAGROSTIS SYLVATICA var. Longifolia Vasey, Contvr. Nat. Herb. ili. 83 (1892). Plant perennial, densely tufted, with numerous sterile shoots from a creeping rootstock. : Culms erect, simple, or branched at the base, leafy nearly to the panicle, 10 to 15 inches tall. Leaves of sterile shoots numerous, with close sheaths and involute blades equal- ing the culms: leaves of the culm 2 or 3; sheaths nearly smooth, striate, rather loose above, half open at the throat. equaling or exceeding the internodes; blades flat or loosely involute, setaceously pointed, scabrid above, equaling those of the sterile shoots; ligule obtuse, 1 to 2 lines long. Inflorescence a close-flowered, erect, spike-like panicle 2 to 4inches long; rays 4 to 6 at each of the 8 to 10 nodes, erect or almost appressed, unequal, 4 inch long or less, divided and spikelet-bearing to the base. Spikelets 3 to 4 lines long, with 1 perfect floret and a pilose, sterile pedicel; empty glumes divergent, nearly equal, exceeding the floret, lance-ovate, acute or awn-pointed, nearly smooth, 3 to 4 lines long, the first 1-nerved, the second 3-nerved; floral glume ovate-oblong, 2-lobed, each lobe terminating in two setaceous points formed by the 4 hispid, excurrent nerves, membranaceous and smooth below, 24 to 3 lines long; awn arising below the middle, 4 to 5 lines long, much exceeding the glumes; palet lance oblong, 2-toothed at the apex, thin, the 2 keels contiguous above, $ line shorter than the glume; grain cylindrical, with a furrow on one side, yellow, 14 to 2 lines long; hairs of the callus half as long as the floret, and those of the rudiment two-thirds as long. PLATE LVI; a, spikelet with glumes spread somewhat to show the floret and ster- ile pedicel; 0, first empty glume; c, second empty glume; d, floral glume, dorsal view; e, palet. : Collected by H. N. Bolander (No.6470) along the Mattole River, Humboldt County, California. Well marked by the long, involute leaves and the conspicuous hairs of the callus. PRAY E Eve K Mayo del. aS, ZY ATICA DC. VAR LONGIFOLIA Vase No. 58. DESCHAMPSIA ELONGATA (Hook.) Munro. in Benth. Pl. Hartw. 342 (1857); Aira elongata Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer. ii. 243 (18407). Plant annual, tufted, with fibrous roots. Culms erect, simple, slender, smooth, naked above, 12 to 18 inches tall. Leaves of culm usually 2, the first with a very short, open sheath and slender, in- volute blade 3 to 6 inches long, the second with long, smooth, striate sheath, rather loose and haif open above, and a slender, involute blade 1 to 3 inches long; ligule membranaceous, nearly acute, 1 to 2 lines long, decurrent. Inflorescence a linear, strict, erect or slightly nodding panicle 6 to 8 inches long; rays mostly in twos, unequal, 2 inches or léss long, erect, scabrous, bearing 3 to 5 spikelets on appressed pedicels. Spikelets ianceolate, somewhat compressed, 24 to 3 lines long, 2-flowered, with a rudiment of a third; empty glumes nearly equal, lanceolate, acute, purplish above, slightly hispid on the keel, 3-nerved, 24 to 3 lines long; floral glume broadly oblong, equally 4-toothed at the truncate apex, convex, membranaceous, smooth except the few pilose hairs at the base, obscurely 5-nerved, 1 to 14 lines long; awn arising near the middle, about I line long; palet’broadly lance-oblong, 2- or 4-toothed at the apex, slightly hispid on the 2 keels; grain elliptical, yellow, % line long; lodicules usually present but small; internode of rachilla 2 line long, pilose especially above. PLATE LVIII; a, spikelet partly dissected; 0, floret; c, floral glume, dorsal view. California, near the coast in the vicinity of San Francisco and northward to Oregon. Also extending eastward to Idaho and Montana. In some localities very abundant, and furnishing a considerable amount of pasturage. BEAM jealLadeval "R. Scholl del. DESCHAMPSIA ELONGATA Munro No. 59. DESCHAMPSIA HOLCIFORMIS Presl. Rel. Haenk. i. 251 (1830). Plant perennial, tufted, with numerous sterile shoots from a creeping rootstock. Culm erect, simple, terete, striate, smooth, rather robust, 20 to 30 inches tall. Leaves of radical tufts, and of sterile shoots, with smooth, chartaceous sheaths and slender, involute blades 8 to 12 inches long: leaves of the culm usually 2; sheaths smooth, striate, rather loose, half open above, exceeding the internodes; blades involute, rather rigid, scabrid on the prominent nerves above, about 1 line wide, 3 to 6 inches long; ligule membranaceous, nearly acute, decurrent, 2 lines long. Inflorescence an erect, closely flowered, somewhat interrupted, lance-oblong pani- cle, 4 to 6 inches long; rays 3 to 7, in glomerate clusters at the 8 to 10 nodes of the slightly hispid axis, ascendjng, 1 inch long or less, subdivided, and densely flowered nearly to the base with short-pedicelled, appressed spikelets. Spikelets oblanceolate, slightly compressed, 2-flowered with a sterile rudiment, 3 lines long; first empty glume lance-oblong, acute, carinate, hispid on the Keel, 2 lines | long; second empty glume broadly lanceolate, acute, convex, 3-nerved, hispid on the keel, 24 lines long; floral glume oblong, equally 4-toothed at the truncate apex, convex, thicker than the empty glumes, minutely scabrid, pilose at the base, 5-nerved, 2 lines long; awn slender, 1 line long, arising below the middle sinus; palet broadly lance- oblong, emarginate at the apex, slightly hispid on the 2 keels; grain elliptical, $ line long, nearly equaled by the 1 or 2 lodicules; rachilla and sterile pedicel pilose, each 1 line long. PLATE LIX; a, spikelet partly dissected; bd, floret opened; c¢, first empty glume; d, second empty glume; e, floral glume. California, near the coast. It is probably of some value for hay and forage in the low marshes along the coast. It varies greatly under different conditions, some forms with loose panicles even approaching D. cwspitosa. MEI. ( 6 We Scroll aeC . LCIFORMIS FPrest. SSS dr owmus Lrinii Adbesvcaex. No, 60. TRISETUM BARBATUM Steud. Syn. Pl. Gram. 229 (1855), Plant perennial, few. culms in a stool, with fibrous roots. Culms erect, or decumbent at the base, often branched below, smooth, leafy nearly to the panicle, 2 to 3 feet tall. Leaves of the culm 3 or 4; sheaths sparsely retrorsely hispid, half open above, shorter than the internodes; blades scabrid, sparsely hairy or nearly smooth, 2 to 3 lines wide, 3 to 6 inches long; ligule obtuse, erose, 1 line or less long. Inflorescence a loose, open, or often rather constricted, erect or flexuous panicle 4 to 8 inehes long; rays 2 to 5 at each of the 4 to 6 nodes, scabrid like the axis, unequal, 3 inches long or less, spikelet-bearing toward the ends. Spikelets loosely 3- to 6-flowered, 7 to 10 lines long; first empty glume very nar- rowly ovate, subulate-acute, carinate, membranaceous and smooth, except the promi- nent, slightly hispid keel, 3 to 4 lines long; second empty glume lance-ovate, acute, often involute subulate, slightly hispid on the keel, 3-nerved, 5 to 6 lines long; floral elume lanceolate, with two teeth, each about $ line long, at the apex, pubescent throughout, 5- to 7-nerved, 5 to 7 lines long; awn arising at the base of the sinus, rather coarse, hispid and slightly twisted below, bent, $ to ? inch long; palet linear, thin, ciliate on the keels above, 4 to 5 lines long; grain spindle-shaped, reddish-brown, subtranslucent, 3 to 4 lines long; internode of rachilla slender, about 14 lines long. PLATE LX; 4a, first empty glume; b, second empty glume; ¢, floral glume, side view; d, floral glume, dorsal view; e, palet, not opened; /, grain. Southern California. The description in Botany of California seems to include in some characters the variety major Vasey, which differs from the type in having larger spikelets and broader empty glumes mote or less plainly 3- and 5-nerved, respectively. Prof. Thurber, in Botany of California, is authority for the reference of this species to T. barbatum Steudel, and only from description. The name does not occur in Four- nier’s Graminées Mexicaines, and we have seen no authentic specimens of the species. PLANE Ie ra ks ts No. 61. DANTHONIA CALIFORNICA Boland. Proc. Cal. Acad. ii. 182 (1862). Plant perennial, usually pale green, often purple in the inflorescence. Culms erect, or geniculate at the lower nodes, smooth, slender, thickened at the base, leafy nearly to the panicle, 1 to 24 feet tall. Leaves of radical shoots numerous, with short sheaths and slender, involute blades 4 to 8 inches long: leaves of the culm 4 to 6; sheaths rather loose, closed at the hairy throat, striate, usually pubescent, mostly shorter than the nearly equal inter- nodes; blades flat or loosely involute, scabrous, especially toward the involute points, often thinly pubescent, 2 to 5 inches long; ligule nearly obsolete. Inflorescence a short, simple panicle of 3 to 8 spikelets on spreading, flexuous pubescent pedicels about equaling the spikelets. Spikelets cuneate, compressed, 5- to 8-flowered, 6 to 8 lines long; empty glumes lance-ovate, with long, carinate or involute points which are obtuse when unrolled, in- distinctly 3- to 7-nerved, about equal, 6 to 7 lines long; floral glume broadly lanece- oblong, acuminate, with 2 teeth 1 line long at the apex, smooth except a tuft of pilose hairs midway on each margin or often slightly ciliate on the margins through- out, 9- to 11-nerved, 4 to 5 lines long; awn arising at the base of the sinus, slightly hispid, often twisted and bent, 3 to 5 lines long; palet oblong, 3-toothed at the apex, margins flatly infolded, ciliate on the prominent keels, 3 to 34 lines long; stamens 3, with brown anthers, 14 lines long, exserted; ovary smooth; grain opaque, nearly 2 lines long; lodicules 2, rather fleshy, 3-lobed above, § line long; internode of rachilla rs a pubescent, less than $ line long, the upper joint usually bearing an awned rudiment. PLATE LXI; a, spikelet with florets spread somewhat; b, first empty glume; c, Second empty glume; d, floral glume; e, palet; /, floret. Central California northward to Washington and eastward to Nevada and Montana. PLATE LXL. Juiris Bien & Co lithe ix S = - Ry = a re Q- ee La << O (a \ No. 79. POA KELLOGGII Vasey sp. nov. Plant perennial, tufted, from a stoloniferous rootstock. Culms erect, or somewhat decumbent at the base, smooth, leafy nearly to the panicle, 2 to 3 feet tall. Leaves from the base numerous, with short, scarious sheaths and flat or loosely in- volute blades 6 to 12 inches long: leaves of the culm usually 3; sheaths nearly smooth, striate, nearly equaling or often exceeding the internodes, the upper one long and extending nearly to the panicle; blades loosely involute, 2 to 4 lines long; ligule, 1 line long or Jess. Inflorescence a loose, open, pyramidal panicle; rays scabrous like the axis, in twos or threes at the rather distant 5 or 6 nodes, divergent or horizontal, 3 inches long or less, spikelet-bearing toward the extremities. Spikelets oblong, compressed, 3 lines long, loosely 2- or 3-flowered with a small rudiment; empty glumes ovate, acute, hispid on the keels, the first 1-nerved, 14 lines long, the second 4 line longer and 3-nerved; floral glume lance-ovate acute, smooth except the long, thin web at the base, 5-nerved nearly to the apex, the midnerve barely excurrent, about 2 lines long; palet linear-oblong, 2-toothed, nearly smooth on the green keels, 4 line shorter than the glume; stamens 3, slightly exserted; inter- node of rachilla smooth, nearly 1 line long. PLATE LXXIX; a, spikelet with florets lifted out of the empty glumes; J, floret opened. California. No. 4705 of Bolander’s distribution, without locality. This species is evidently somewhat dicecious, but with no apparent difference in the spikelets, unless the glumes in the pistillate florets thicken as they reach maturity. WL. Scholl, del UT a dee : VA i a fe [corn a fy 4 MN oa) . + = g Oo © -- O : rt NS ey oe ; No. 80. POA MACRANTHA Vasey, Bull. Torr. Club, xv. 11 (1885). Plant perennial, tufted or in small ‘‘bunches,” usually somewhat glaucous, from a strong rootstock. Culms erect, or somewhat decumbent at the base, often branched below, smooth, rigid, leafy nearly to the panicle, 1 to 2 feet tall. Leaves from the base numerous, with loose, smooth sheaths and involute, rigid, smooth, curving or recurved blades 6 to 12 inches long, often somewhat constricted below the lessinvolute corneus points: leaves of the culm Z to 4; sheaths striate, nearly: smooth, scarious-margined, loose and open above, exceeding the internodes; blades in- volute, pointed, recurved, 2 to 4 inches long; ligule truncate, somewhat erose, decur- rent, $ line long. Inflorescence a closely flowered, oblong, rather secund panicle, somewhat inter- rupted below, 2 to 4 inches long; rays in twos or threes, erect, unequal, 4 to 2 inches long, spikelet-bearing nearly to the base. Spikelets lance-ovate, compressed, 5- to 8-flowered, 6 to7 lines long; empty glumes lance-ovate, acute, sparsely hispid on the keels, rather thin, 5- to 7-nerved, 34 to 4 lines long, about equaling the lower florets; floral glume broadly lance-ovate, barely acute, or more often emarginate, scarious-margined above, strigose-pubescent through- out, ciliate on the keel and marginal nerves, 33 to 4 lines long; palet oblong, emargi- nate, pubescent on the keels, the broad margins infolded, nearly as long as the glume; stamens 3 with exserted anthers; grain spindle-shaped, roughly wrinkled, golden brown or gray, opaque, 2 lines long; lodicules rather prominent, 4 line long; internode of rachilla thick, pubescent, Jess than $ line long. PLATE LXXX; a, spikelet; b, floret opened; ¢, floral glume, dorsal view; d, grain. Jalifornia to Washington, in the sand along the seashore or along the low river banks in the tide-water region. It is dicecious, the staminate panicles being less dense, with more compressed, loosely-flowered spikelets and thinner glumes. No. 81. POA NERVOSA (Hook.) Vasey; Festuca nervosa Hook. FI.. Bor. Amer. 251 (18402). Plant perennial, with a slender, stoloniferous rootstock. Culms erect, slender, smooth, naked 4 of the way below the panicle, 2 to 3 feet tall. Leaves of sterile shoots numerous, flat or conduplicate, scabrous above, rather thin and flexible, 1 to 2 lines wide, 6 to 12 inches long: leavesof the culm usually 3; sheaths close, smooth, striate, shorter than the long internodes; blades flat, scabrous on the margins, 2 to 4 inches long; ligule obtuse, 1 to 2 lines long. Inflorescence a loose, open, erect or somewhat flexuous panicle 3 to 5 inches long; rays 2 to4 at each of the 6 or 7 nodes, slender, slightly scabrous, 2 inches long or less, bearing 2 to 5 spikelets near the extremities. Spikelets compressed, 4 to 5 lines long, rather loosely 4- to 8-flowered with a small rudiment; empty glumes ovate, acute, carinate, hispid on the keels, 14 to 14 lines long, shorter than the lower florets; floral glume lance-ovate, barely acute, scarious margined, scabrous on the nerves or throughout, often villeus below but not webbed, 5-nerved, 2 lines long; palet lance-oblong, ciliate on the keels, nearly equaling the glume; grain linear, translucent, 1 line long. PLATE LXXXT; a, spikelet; b, floret opened. Central California to British Columbia and east to Montana in the mountains. It is described in Botany of California as P. stenantha Trin., but the specimens do not agree with Trinius’s description. It isa very common grass in open pine woods, and is considered valuable for stock-grazing. OSS NE od % e jst) I K e bo ga x Baio "§ ‘Si ‘e FH =< ; = Ay MN is — 1 EN | 8 SS Sy aes NS ? VQS2 Ve sroe OVA NE RAO caA. a eS ee ee ee ee i eh | No. 82. POA PULCHELLA var. MAJOR Vasey var. nov. Plant perennial, cespitose at the base, with a branching rootstock. Culms erect, or decumbent below and somewhat. geniculate, slender, smooth, 1 foot tall. Leaves from the base numerous, with rather broad, scarious sheaths and flat or convolute, smooth blades 1 line or less wide, 2 to 4 inches long: leaves of the culm usually 2, with close, striate, smooth sheaths shorter than the internodes, and erect, flat blades 1 to 2 inches long; ligule attenuate-pointed, 2 to 3 lines long. Inflorescence a loose, open panicle 2 to 4 inches long; rays slender, nearly smooth, flexuous, mostly in pairs at the 4 or 5 nodes, spreading or horizontal, 24 inches long or less, bearing | to 3 spikelets near the extremities. Spikelets oblong, compressed, 3 to 4 lines long, 3- to 5-flowered with a rudiment; empty glumes ovate, acute or obtuse, smooth, the first 1-nerved, 1 to 14 lines long, the second 3-nerved and slightly longer than the first, but both shorter than the lower florets; floral glume lance-ovate, obtuse and erose or nearly acute at the scarious apex, minutely scabrid on the keel and nerves or throughout, not webbed, 5-nerved, 2 lines long; palet oblong, bidentate or obtuse and erose, pubescent on the keels, nearly as long as the glume. PLATE LXXXII; a, spikelet; b, floret opened. Southern Oregon in the same locality as the species proper, which differs from the variety in being smaller, except in the spikelets, and in the short, filiform radical leaves, obtuse ligules, and more obtuse and coarsely erose glumes. Species described in Bot. Gaz. vii. 32. AC ae leony No. 83. POA PURPURASCENS Vasey, Bot. Gaz. vi. 297 (1881). Plant perennial, tufted or cespitose, from a strong rootstock. Culms erect, wiry, smooth or slightly scabrid, usually naked above the middle, 10 to 15 inches tall. Leaves of sterile shoots numerous, with short, narrow sheaths and closely involute, smooth or scabrid, erect blades less than 1 line wideand 4 to 6 inches long: leaves of the culm 2 or 3; sheaths striate, smooth, the lower ones short but exceeding the inter- nodes, the upper one extending half the length of the culm; blades wider and less involute than those of the base or often flat, 1 to 2 inches long; ligule ee 1 Ime long or less or often nearly obsolete. Inflorescence a rather closely flowered, oblong panicle 1 to 3 inches long; rays hispid, 2 to 4 at each of the 5 to 7 nodes, 1 inch lone or less, nearly erect or somewhat spread- ing, subdivided and spikelet- Troertiys near the extremities or above the middle. Spikelets rather turgid, 3- to 5-flowered, 24 to 3 lines long; empty glumes ovate, acute or subobtuse, smooth, . nerved or Suscunely 3-nerved, 14 to 2 lines long, shorter than the lower florets; floral glume lance-ovate, acute or obtuse, sometimes slightly cuspidate, ey scabrid UOT hispid-ciliate on the keel, narrowly scarious- margined above, 5-nerved, 24 to 3 lines long; palet oblong, obtuse, ciliate on the 2 keels, 2 lines one grain oblong, greenish yellow, nearly opaque, 1 line long; inter- node of rachilla slender, nearly smooth, about $ line long, the upper one bearing a minute rudiment. PLATE LX XXIII; a, spikelet; 5, floret. Central California to British Columbia and eastward to Colorado. Iv is somewhat variable, as any Poa must be with such a range. The first description was based on a series of specimens which were uniformly purple in the inflorescence, but other forms differing only in this one respect cannot be excluded. eagle) ALY OOM ENS Vasey No. 84. POA THURBERIANA (O. Ktze.) Vasey; Panicularia Thurberiana O. Ktze. Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 783 (1891). Plant perennial, pale green throughout, tufted; roots fibrous. Culms erect, clothed at the base with scarious sheaths, leafy to the panicle, 2 to 3 feet tall. _ Leaves from the base numerous, with smooth, striate sheaths 3 to 5 inches long, and slender, scabrid blades, conduplicate cr loosely involute, 1 line wide and 4 to 12 inches long: leaves of the culm usually 4; sheaths striate, smooth, close, open above, exceed- ing the long internodes; blades 3 to 6 inches long; ligule subacute, wider than the blade, decurrent, 2 lines long. Inflorescence an erect, narrow, contracted panicle 6 to 12 inches long; rays mostly in twos or threes at the 10 to 15 nodes, scabrid like the axis, erect, spikelet-bearing nearly to the base, or the longer ones naked below. Spikelets small, 1$ to 2 lines long, with one perfect floret and a rather large rudi- ment, or 2 florets and a very small rudiment; empty glumes ovate, subacute, thin, nearly smooth, the first 1-nerved, 1 line long, the second 3-nerved below and +4 line longer than the first, each about 3 as long as the adjacent florets; floral glunie broadly lance-oblong, minutely erose at the obtuse or rounded, membranaceous apex, nearly smooth, 5-nerved, 1$ lines long; palet puberulent on the 2 keels, about equaling the glumes; stamens 3, with short filaments and included anthers; stigmas small, sessile. PLATE LXXXIV; a, spikelet with 2 perfect flowers and a rudiment; b. floret and rudiment of 1-flowered spikelet; ¢, first empty glume; d, second empty glume; e, floral glume: jf, palet inclosing the ovary, ventral view. California, in wet meadows in the valleys of the Sierra Nevada, California. De- scribed in Bot. Cal. ii. 310 as Atropis pauciflora, and changed by Otto Kuntze, Rey. Gen. Pl. ii. 783, to Panicularia Thurberiana. It is plain to me, however, that this and some other species which are placed in Atropis by Prof. Thurber in Bot. Cal., are true Pow and should be restored to that genus. Dr. Kuntze’s name was given on the supposition that it was an Atropis, which he thinks is properly called Panicularia; and as the specific name had already been appropriated in that genus, it was neces- sary to adopt another. As the name pauciflora has been employed for a Poa by %c~emer and Schultes, it would seem that Kuntze’s name should be adopted for the species under Poa, : ste = mie CS rE Se alae S PLATE LXXXIV. ogee ee ae ee THURBERIANA 'O.K) Vasey.