HARVARD UNIVERSITY
FARLOW
REFERENCE LIBRARY U
CRYPTOGAMIC BOTANY
from
(^x^uWu,
A QUAETERLY RECORD OF
CRYPTOGAMIC BOTANY
AND ITS LITERATURE.
Edited by M. C. COOKE, M.A., A.L.S.,
Author of “Handbook of British Fungif “Fungi, their usesf’ (fc., “Rust, Smut, Mildeic, and Mould,“ <^c., <fc.
VOL. XII.
18 8 3-8 4.
^VlLLIAMS AND NORGATB,
HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN, LONDON;
SOUTH FREDERICK STREET^ EDINBURGH.
LEIPZIG : F. A. BROCKHAUS. NEW YORK : WESTERMANN & CO.
H* \V. AVOLFF, PRI>TER, LEWES.
No. 61.]
[September, 1883.
A QUARTEELT RECORD OF CRYPTOGAMIC BOTANY AND ITS LITERATURE.
NUMMULARIA AND ITS ALLIES.
By M. 0. Cooke.
The following observations are in continuation of those on Xylaria (Vol. xi., p. 81), and Hypoxylon (Vol. xi., p. 121), to which, in the first place, these additions and corrections will have to be made : —
XYLARIA.
a. Xyloglossa. Sect. b.
53a. Xylaxia cynoglossa, CJce.
Umbrina, lingiiseformis (5-6 unc. longa 1|^ unc. crassa), brevis- sime stipitata, carne albo. Peritheeiis congestis, cylindricis, atris, ostiolis leniter papillatis, atris. Ascis cylindraceis. Sporidiis arcte fusiformibus, rectis curvulisve, fuscis (*016 -*018 x '004 mm.).
On wood. Tweed River (R. Fitzgerald).
62a. Xylaxia Thwaitesii, Berh. 4 CooTce in Herb. Berk., 8473a.
Suberosa^ cylindrica, rigida, fragilis, obtusa, demum cava (1-2 in. X I unc.) Stipite brevi vel obsoleto’, subcrasso, glabro. Peri- tbeciis carbonaceis, subglobosis, mediis, ostiolis haud papillatis. Ascis cylindricis. Sporidiis fusiformibus, rectis curvulisve, fuscis (*015-*018x*005 mm.).
On wood. Ceylon.
Allied to X. fistulosa, Lev., but externally quite smooth. Spori- dia broader.
c. Capitulum subglobose.
79«. Xylaxia cxetacea, Berk. Br. Linn. Trans. Ser. 2, Vol. i., p. 405.
Magnum (1-1 J unc. alt.) Subglobosum, stipitatum, e candido albidum, subrugosum, lineis tenuibus fuscis reticulatum, ostiolis nigris, minute punctatis, intus stratis ligneis fragilibus e stipite radiantibus formatum ; perithecia oblonga, nigra, ostiolis vix pro- minentibus munita ; sporidia oblonga, brunnea, continua, finibus acutis, *035-’045 x *013-*02 mm. Hypoxylon cretaceum, Berk. & Br. Brisbane, Australia.
1
2
NUMMULARIA AND ITS ALLIES.
85a. Xylaria glebulosum^ Ces. 1494.
d. Capitulum depressed, peltate.
90a. Xylaria frustulosa, B. ^ C. 1534.
905. ,, pauxillum, Ces. 1375.
90c. „ Berterii, Mont. 1395.
90c?. „ Natalensis. Berk, in Herb. Sporidia not
developed.
EHOPALOPSIS.
In this genus, as proposed (Vol. xi., p. 93), some additional details are required.
a. Stroma simple.
1. Rhopalopsis coenopus, {Mont.) No. 1488.
Sporidia lanceolate, •04--045 x *009 mm.
2. Rhopalopsis aggregatum, (TF. ^ C.) 1427.
3. Rhopalopsis Angolense, (TF. C.) 1519.
Sporidia •012-’015 mm. long.
4. Rhopalopsis clavus, (Fr.)
Sporidia lanceolate, *04 X -01 mm.
5. Rhopalopsis confusum. Berk. CooTce.
Gregarium, stipitatum, simplex. Capitulis globoso-depressis, glaucis, demum nigris, in stipitem flexuosam attenuatis ; perithe- ciis innatis, globosis, ostiolis punctiformibus. Ascis sporidiisque (?). On wood. Brazil.
6. Rhopalopsis micropus, {Berk.) 1491.
Sporidia •03-‘038 x •009-’012 mm.
7. Rhopalopsis congestum, (B. & Br.) 1402.
Sporidia -015--017 x*013--015 mm.
8. Rhopalopsis Berkeleyanum, Cooke. (Bijpoxylon coeyiopus, var.
Berk.)
Caespites suborbicularis (1-2 unc. lat.). Stromatibus clavatis, stipitatis, superne applanatis, dense congestis, atris, opacis, simpli- cibus, rarissime confluentibus, stipite brevi, ruguloso, infra attenu- atis. Peritbeciis minutis, numerosissimis, compressis, prominulis. Ascis cylindraceis. Sporidiis ellipticis, incequilateralibus, continuis, fuscis, 'OOS-’Ol X ‘004 mm.
On bark. Brazil (Glaziou, 8542, 8543). Ceylon (No. 60). Although resembling B. coenopus in habit, easily distinguished by the very much smaller perithecia, and different sporidia.
b. Stroma multipartite.
9. Rhopalopsis cetrarioides, (TF. d; C.) 1489.
Sporidia lanceolate.
10. Rhopalopsis lichenoides, (Berk.).
Sporidiis lanceolatis, *035 x *008 mm.
11. Rhopalopsis Fuiggarii, (Speg.) ] 232.
12. Rhopalopsis contracta, (Speg.) 1233.
NUMMULARIA AND ITS ALLIES.
3
13. Rhopalopsis Kuvziana, {Curr.) Xylaria Kurziana. Curr. Linn.
Trans,, Vol. i., p. 129.
Solitaria vel caespitosa, vel etiam connata (i-1 unc. long). Capite castaneo subhemispherico ; peritheciis prominentibus scabro, spo- ridiis nigro-fuscis amygdaloideis (-OlG-'Ol? mm. long).
On the ground. Calcutta.
14. Rhopalopsis microcephala, (Mont.) 1256.
15 Rhopalopsis xylaxioides, (8yeg.) 149 0.
CAMILLEA.
The species of Camillea will stand as follows : — a. Stroma elongated.
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1. |
Camillea Leprieurii, Mont. 1314. |
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2. |
bacillum, Mont. 1315. |
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3. |
mucronata, Mont. 1318. |
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b. Stroma abbreviated. |
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4. |
Camillea |
Cyclops, Mont. 1316. |
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6. |
if |
labellum, Mont. 1317. |
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6. |
j» |
Javanica, Mont. MSS. |
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7. |
macromphala, {Mont.) 1412. |
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8. |
)> |
Surinamensis, B. ^ C. 1319. |
USTULINA.
We venture to add three species to this genus, of which one is undescribed. There appears to be little doubt that the Hypoxylon pavimentosum, Ces., is really an Ustulina, and we do not hesitate to add SphcBria tuheriformis, Wallr., although we have seen no authentic specimen. It is also possible that Sphceria teres, Schw., may belong to this genus, but the hollow bullate stroma, in the specimens we have seen, might result from age or attacks of insects, hence we prefer to leave it in Hypoxylon.
Ustulina tessulata, (^Hypoxylon tessulatum, Berk, in Herb., No. 8550.)
Stromate superficiali, pulvinato-lobato, undulato, maximo, crasso, tessulato-ruguloso, atro-fuligineo, intus demum excavato, perithe- ciis compressis, stipatis, monostichis, periphericis, ostiolis puncti- formibus. Ascis cylindricis. Sporidiis lanceolatis, magnis, fuscis (•04--05X-008--009 mm.).
On wood. Bombay.
1. Ustulina vulgaris, TwZ. 1328.
2. Ustulina Brasiliensis, Speg. 1329.
3. Ustulina macrosperma, Mont. 1330.
4. Ustulina zonata, {Lev.) 1331.
5. Ustulina tessulat*. Berk.
6. Ustulina pavimentosa, {Ces.) 1374.
7. Ustulina tuberiformis, (TUa/Zr.) 1428.
4
NUMMULARIA AND ITS ALLIES.
NUMMULARIA.
Bearing in mind the salient features of the genus Nummularia, as already given, “ Stroma disc shaped, or cup shaped, adnate, marginate,” we are compelled to dispute the position of one or two species which have been introduced into it. Nummularia punctulata, Sacc. is Diatrype punctulata Berk, and Rav. and the most unlike a Nummularia that could possibly be found. The stroma is neither “ disc-shaped ” nor “ cup-shaped,” and extends for many inches after the manner of Diatrype stigma. Indeed it compels one to inquire what is the use of the diagnosis of a genus at all, if it is to be utterly set at defiance. Nummularia punctulata is plainly and distinctly an effused 'Hypoxylon, and nothing but casuistry can make anything else of it.
Nummularia Wrightii Sacc. exhibits a similar error in an opposite direction. This Hypoxylon Wrightii B. & C., is simply a large, nearly globose, Hypoxylon, neither disc shaped ” nor “ cup shaped ” but almost as globose as the ordinary form of Daldinia concentricum. It cannot be justified as a Nummularia.
Next we have two peculiar forms of Hypoxylon, included in Nummularia which have certainly no affinity with what is con- sidered usually to be the type form of Nummularia These are N. placentiformis, and N. suh- orbicularis, and if they are to be regarded as good species of Nummularia, then there must be associated with them Xylaria cerehrina, Hypoxylon Petersii and Hypoxylon Broomeanam. The latter more resembling Nummularia than any of the species included within it, to which we have taken exception. With all deference to Professor Saccardo, after having seen about twenty specimens of Hypoxylon sub-orbiciilaris Curr. of various forms and dimensions, we cannot recognise in it a re- semblance to Nummularia with its “ disc shaped,” or “ cup shaped ” stroma. At any rate it is a close ally of such species as we have named in conjunction with it.
Again if Hypoxylon glycyrrhiza B. & 0. is relegated to Num- mularia, a dozen species, with precisely the same form, must follow it. Either all sub-discoid forms, that are plano-convex in section, must go with it, into Nummularia, or it must retire to Hypoxylon.
We do not by any means dispute the right of these species, such as we have in view, to a place in Nummularia, but we contend that one species alone cannot be accepted and the residue excluded. Another feature in support of their relationship to Nummularia is the sterile margin of the stroma. If accepted as Nummularice, then the genus should be sub-divided into two sections, with Num- mularia discreta and its immediate allies as the type of one section and Nummularia Bulliardi of the other. In accordance with these views we have suggested a re-arrangement of the genus.
Space will not permit of our criticizing the species in detail, but we cannot forbear to point out that the Sphceria clypeus of
NUMMULARIA AND ITS ALLIES.
5
Scliweinitz cannot be synonymous with Nummularia Bulliardiy to which it is referred.
Measurements. —
Nummularia discreta, Tui. (1529).
We have seen no specimens in which the sporidia approximate to •015-'018mm. The usual dimensions we have recorded are *013 X '01 mm.
Nummularia obularia, (Fr.) (1540).
Sporidia *008 x ‘003 mm.
Nummularia clypeus, 8chwz. (1524).
Sporidia *020-*021 x *008-*01 mm.
Nummularia gigas, Plow. (1531).
Our measurements certainly do not exceed *006-'007 X *003 mm. Emendations. — The following species will have to be excluded from this genus : —
1532. Nummularia frustulosa (B. & C.), Sacc.
Will be Xylaria frustulosa (B. & C.)
1533. Nummularia Wrightii (B. & 0.)
Must stand as Hypoxylon Wrightii, B. & C.
1534. Nummularia punctulata (B. & Eav.)
Must remain as Hypoxylon punctulatum, B. & Eav.
1535. Nummularia placentiformis (B. & C.)
Will still be Hypoxylon placenti forme, B. & G.
1536. Nummularia subo rbicul aris (W. & Curr.)
Eemains as Hypoxylon suhorhiculare, W. & C.
1542. Nummularia spondylina (Fr.)
From the specimens we have seen this has no affinity with the present genus, and is therefore Hypoxylon spondy linum, Fr.
1544. Nummularia Artemisiae (Schw.)
Is a Dothidea with tetrasporous asci and uniseptate brown sporidia '016 x '007 mm., according to specimen from Schweinitz. It will stand as Dothidea Artemisiae (Schwz.)
1545. Nummularia subaffixa (Schwz.)
Has hyaline allantoid sporidia '008 mm. long. It will be Diatrype subaffixa (Schw.), and is an ally of Diatrype stigma, Fr.
The above alterations are made, as we believe, entirely in the spirit of Professor Saccardo’s interpretation of the genus. Such species as Hypoxylon cerebrina. Fee., Hypoxylon Wrightii, B. & C., Hypoxylon suborbiculare, W. & C., and some others, could not possibly be regarded as having any relationship to the species now included. There are some four or five species in- cluded in our list, which we have never seen, and these are included on the faith of the diagnoses, in which we have followed Saccardo.
Additions. — The following diagnoses of species not included in the “ Sylloge,” under any name, will be found supplemented by
6
NUMMULARIA AND ITS ALLIES.
the classified list in which the numbers are quoted of such as are to be found in the same work.
Nummularia discincola (Schwz.), Sphceria discincola, Schw. Syn. Car., No. 63. Antho stoma discincolum^ Sacc. Syll., No. 1104. The authentic specimen examined by Currey, and the sporidia figured, is a Nummularia differing in no respect, as far as we can judge from Nummidaria discreta, to which species it was referred by Tulasne. What the species described by Fries (S. M. ii., 368) may be we do not venture to determine, but we have sufficient evidence that the Sphceria discincola of Schweinitz and of Currey, is a species of Nummularia, with sporidia from *013 X ’01 mm. Wherefore it should be placed in Antliostoma is one of the mysteries we fail to comprehend.
5 Nummularia Baileyi (Hypoxylon Bailey i B. & Br.)
Erumpens, orbicularis, cupulata unc. diam.), margine
incrassato elevato, disco ostiolis prominulis asperato. Peritheciis elliptico-ovatis, centro immersis ; ascis cylindricis. Sporidiis ellipticis, fascis, variabilis ('013--02 mm. long.)
On wood. Brisbane, Queensland {Bailey, 428.)
14. Nummularia clypeus, {Sphceria Clypeus, Sckwz., Syn. Car., No. 42).
Explanata, ambitu elliptico immersa, atro-nitens, ostiolis conicis prominulis exasperato (l-3in.) margine ligneo undulato cingitur. Ascis cylindraceis. Sporidiis ellipticis, utrinque attenuatis, amygdaleeformibus, continuis, fuscis (-02 X ‘008 mm.).
On branches of Catalpa, &c. N. America (Dr. Curtis).
16. Nummularia macula (Sclijvz.) Splmi'ia macula, Schw. Syn. Car.,
No. 38.
Suborbicularis, erumpens, convexo-applanata, atra, ostiolis minutis punctiformibus notata. Ascis cylindraceis. Sporidiis late ovalibus atrofuscis (-012 x ’009 mm.).
On bark of Platanus.
Much smaller than N. clypeus.
26. Nummularia australis, Cke.
Stromate cortice innascens, erumpens, effusa, determinata, s^pe disciformis, convexa, impolita, atra. Peritheciis subglobosis, parvulis, 1-2 serialibus, ostiolis externis vix visibilis. Ascis cylindraceis. Sporidiis vere polymorphis, aliis fusiformibus (•021 X *009 mm.); aliis ovatis (-012 X ’008 mm.) ; aliis intermediis, plerumque magnis, fuscis.
On bark. Clarence Eiver, Australia. (Miss. Thorneton). Sporidia very variable in form and size, larger than in N. rumpens, which it externally somewhat resembles.
27. Nummularia mauritanica, Berk. Che.
Discoidea, demum confiuens irregularisque, erumpens, convexo- applanata, laevis, ater. Ostiolis obsoletis. Peritheciis elongato- compressis. Ascis cylindraceis. Sporidiis ellipticis ; utrinque rotundatis,, fuscis (’008 x *004 mm.).
On bark. Mauritius (No. 16), April 1857.
NUMMULARIA AND ITS ALLIES.
7
Habit of N. exutans, but sporidia smaller, uniformly obtusely rounded at the ends, whereas in that species they are almond shaped.
31. Nummularia hypophlaea, B, ds Bav. (1137).
Sporidia *008 X *004 mm.
32. Nummularia testudinea, Cke.
Suborbicularis, convexa, fusca ; margine tenui, sterili ; superficie demum in plagias minutas hexagonas fissurato-diffracti, plagiis cum peritheciis innatis convenientibus. Peritheciis centraliibus, congestis, globosis. Ascis cylindricis. Sporidiis ellipticis, fuscis (*005 X *003 mm.).
On bark. West Africa.
34. Nummularia Fhillyreae, Mont. (1116).
Sporidia *018 x *01 mm.
36. Nummularia scriblita, Mont. (1405).
Sporidia *038-*04 x *012 mm.
37. Nummularia scutata, Berlc. ^ Cke.
Tenuis, orbicularis, applanata, atra, erumpens ; ostiolis minutis punctiformibus vix notatis. Ascis cylindraceis. Sporidiis ellipticis, minutissimis, fuscis (*004-*005 x *0025 mm.).
On branches. Mauritius.
Allied to N. microplaca, but thinner, and sporidia smaller. NUMMULARIA.
Sect. A. — Disc concave.
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1. |
Nummularia repanda, Fr. 1525. |
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2. |
discreta, Schw. 1529. |
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3. |
>> |
discincola, Schw. 1104. |
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4. |
obularia, Fr. 1540. |
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5. |
5) |
Baileyi, B. ^ Br. |
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6. |
D |
macrocenangium, Ces, 1411. |
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7. |
Moselei, Berh. 1421. |
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8. |
lutea, A. 4" S. 1528. |
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9. |
succenturiata, Tode. 1527. |
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10. |
gigas. Plow. 1531. Sect. B. — Disc convex. |
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11. |
Nummularia Bulliardi, Tul. 1524. |
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12. |
5) |
constricta, Fr. 1543. |
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13. |
5) |
repandoides, Fckl. 1526. |
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14. |
clypeus, Schw. 1524. |
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15. |
)) |
glycirrhiza, B. 4" C. 1541. |
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16. |
)) |
macula, Schw. |
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17. |
regia, DeNot. 1538. mediterranea, DeNot. 1539. |
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18. |
||
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19, |
J) |
anthracodes, Fr. 1383. |
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20. |
comedens, Ces. 1389. |
8
nummularia and its allies.
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21. |
Nummularia dryophila, Tul. 1530. |
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22. |
pithodes, B. 4 Br. 1109. |
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23. |
fossulata, M. 1455. |
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24. |
? j |
microsticta, M. 1415. |
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25. |
)> |
exutans, Cke. 1105. |
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26. |
>j |
australis, Cke. |
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27. |
)> |
mauritanica, B. 4 Cke. |
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28. |
}) |
rumpens, Cke. 1140. |
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29. |
placenta, Kalch. 1377. |
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30. |
microplaca, B. 4 Rav. 1112. |
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31. |
bypophlaea, B. 4 Bciv. 1137. |
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32. |
J5 |
testudinea, Cke. |
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33. |
tenuis, Pass. 1537. |
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34. |
Phillyreje, Mont. 1116. |
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35. |
heterostoma, Mont. 1380. |
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36. |
scriblita, Mont. 1405. |
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37. |
) J |
scutata, B. 4 Cke. cycliscus, Mont. 1408. |
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38. |
n |
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39. |
V |
melanaspis, Mont. 1419. |
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40. |
5) |
? Carabayense, Mont. 1400. ? pachyloma, Lev. 1417. |
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41. |
)) |
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42. |
)y |
? sertata, DR. ^ if. 1372. |
AUSTKALIAN FUNGI.
By M. C. Cooke.
{Concluded from Vol. xi., p. 150.)
Gen. 6. Sph.®ropsis. Lev.
Sphaeropsis txicoxynes, B. ^ Br. Linn. Trans. II., 68.
On Tricoryne anceps. Brisbane, Q.
Gen. 7. Gloeosporium. Mont.
Gloeospoxium cucuxbitaxum, B. 4" Br, Linn. Trans, ii., p. 68.
On gourds. Brisbane, Q.
HYPHOMYCETES.
Ord. I. ISaRIACEl. Fr.
Gen. 1. IsARiA. Pers.
Isaxia gxaminipexda, £. ^ Chron.y 1873, 596.
Australia Felix.
Xsaxia fucifoxmis, Berli. Linn. Journ. xiii., 175.
Mt. Gambier.
AUSTRALIAN FUNGI.
9
Zsaxia radians, Berli. Fl.Tasm. ii., 271.
Tasmania.
Gen. 2. Ceratium. A. S.
Ceratium hydnoides, A.d: S. Consp. t. 2,/. 7.
Rockhampton, Clarence River, Endeavour River.
Ceratium arbuscula, B. 4" Br. Linn. Journ. xiv., 97. Queensland.
Ord, II. STILBACEI. Link.
Gen. 1. Stilbum. Tode.
Stilbum erythrocephalum, Ditm. Sturm. FI. in., t. 45.
W. Australia.
Stilbum cinnabarinum, Mont. LI. Cuh. 308, t. 11,/. 3.
Queensland.
Gen. 2.' Fusarium. Link.
Fusarium lateritium, Nees, Syst. 31, t. 26.
W. Australia.
Fusarium rubicolor, B. Br. Linn. Trans, ii., 1883, t. xv.,/. 10-11. Queensland.
Gen. 3. Illosporium. Ma?'t.
Zllosporium flavellum, B. 4' Br. Linn. Trans. ^ 1883,^. 68. Queensland.
Gen. 4. Microcera. Desm.
niZicrocera coccophila, Desm. Ann. Sci. Nat., 1848, x., 359.
, Queensland.
Ord. III. MUCEDZNEZ. Fr.
Gen. 1. Aspergillus. Link.
Aspergillus glaucus, Link. Spec, i., 67.
Queensland.
Aspergillus IVZulleri, Ber?i. Linn. Journ. Xlii., 175.
Oolingyarra.
Aspergillus mucoroideus, Cooke.
Gregarius. Mycelio albo, intricati -intertexto. Hyphis erectis, hyalinis, continuis, columella magno globoso coronatis, basidiis brevibus, cylindricis. Sporis diu persistentibus, globosis, fuscis, ('004 mm.) concatenatis, capitulo globoso atro formantibus.
On decaying plants. On Gomphrena. Arnheim’s Land. On leaves ; Johnstone River. (Berthold.)
Capituli about -015 mm. diam. Columella large. Hyplue without septa. Spores adhering fora long time, so that altogether very liable to be mistaken for a Mucor, bnt the spores are in chains, and wholly external.
10
AUSTRALIAN FUNGI.
Gen. 2. Polyactis. Link.
Polyactis vulgaris, Linh. Ohs. i.,p. 14,/. 22.
Tasmania.
Gen. 3. Penicillium. Link.
Fenicillium crustaceum, Fr. S)/st. Myc.iii.,407.
Clarendon.
Gen. 4. Verticillium. Nees.
Vexticillium eximium, Berk. Linn. Journ. Xiii., 175.
Paramatta.
Vexticillium niveum. Berk. FI. Tasm. ii., 271.
Tasmania.
Gen. 5. Rhinotrichum. Corda.
Rhinotxichum pulchxum, Bei'h. Linn. Journ. xiii., 175.
W angaratta.
Rhinotxichum micxospoxum. Berk. FI. Tasm. ii., 272.
Tasmania.
Rhinotxichum xamosissimum, B. 6c C. Forth American Fungi, No. 662. Clarendon.
Rhinotxichum Caxtexi, Cke.
Album, pezizseforme, subcompactum. Hyphis ramosis, septatis, sursum clavatis, sub-nodulosis. Sporis globosis (’008 mm. diam.), hyalinis, leniter ad basim apiculatis.
Upper Hunter River, N.8.W. (Carter.)
Gen. 6. Nematogonum. Desm.
Nematogonum auxeum, Bei’k. Eng. FI. v., 340.
Queensland.
Nematogonum auxantiacum, Desm. Ann. Set. Nat., 1834, 70, t. 2, /. 1.
Australia, in Herb. Berk.
Gen. 7. Thozetia. Berk. ^ Mull.
Thozetia nivea. Berk. lAnn. Journ. xviii., 388.
Gen. 8. Oidium. Link.
Oidium Tuckexi, Berk. Moniteur Beige, 1850, ix., 2383.
Oidium exysiphoides, Fr. Syst. Myc. in., 432.
Oidium leucoconium, Desm. Ann. Sci. Nat., 1829, j?. 102.
Queensland.
Ord. IV. DEMATZEZ. Fr.
Gen. 1. Cladosporium. Link.
Cladospoxium hexbaxum. Link. Ohs. ii., 37.
Queensland, Victoria.-
AUSTRALIAN FUNGI.
11
Cladosporium papyricolor, B. Br. Linn. Trans. y 1883, p. 68. Queensland.
Cladospoxium stenospoxum, Berk. 4" Curt. N. Amer. Fungi No. 650. Rockhampton.
Gen. 2. Helminthosporium. Pers.
Helminthospoxium Ravenelii, Curt, in Sill. Journ., 1848, 352. Queensland.
Helminthosporium rhabdiferum, B. & Br. Ann. Nat. Hist., 1865,
No. 1053.
S. Australia.
Gen. 3. Podosporium. Schwz.
Podospoxium grande, Cke.
Atrum, magnum, lanosum, ceespitos densos (1-2 in. long, ^-1 in. alt.) efformans. Hyphis erectis (^in. et ultra), congestis, septatis, atrobrunneis, sporis elongato-clavatis, pluriseptatis (8-11), brun- neis (‘Oy-’OSx’Ol mm.).
On stems oi Aster argophillus. Gipps Land, Australia (Turton). Forming dense woolly black tufts nearly an inch high. Super- ficially so much resembling Antennaria scoriadea that it has been sometimes mistaken for that species.
Gen. 4. Mystrosporium. Corda.
XHlystxosporium pulchrum. Berk. Hook. Journ. Bot., 1845, 70.
W. Australia.
Gen. 5. Fusicladium. Bon.
Fusicladium dendriticum, {Wallr.) Fckl. Symb. p. 357.
S. Australia.
Fusicladium pyxinum, (Lib.) Fckl. Symb. p 357.
S. Australia.
Ord. V. TRXCHODERMACEZ. Fries.
Gen. .1. PiLACRE. Fr.
Pilacre divisa. Berk. FI. Tasm. ii., 271.
Tasmania.
Gen. 2. Trichoderma. Pers.
Trichoderma viride, Pers. Syn. Fung., 230.
Tasmania. W. Australia. Queensland.
[Conidia of Hypocrea rufa.~\
Gen. 3. Sepedonium. Link.
Sepedonium chxysospexmum, Link. Sp., i., 29.
W. Australia. Queensland. [Conidia of Hypomyces.~\
Gen. 4. Myrothecium. Tode.
HXyrothecium inundatum, Tode. Meek, i., 25, t. 5, /. 39.
Clarence River.
12
AUSTRALIAN FUNGI.
Ord. VI. TORULA.CEX. Fr.
Gen. 1. Torula. Link.
Torula herbarum^ Link. Obs. i., 19.
Queensland.
Tozula pinophila, Chev. FI. Par. t., 34,
Clarendon.
Gen. 2. Bispora. Corda.
Bispora mouilioides, Corda Icon, i., 9, t. 2,f. 143.
Gen. 3. Bactridium. Kunze.
Bactridiuxn flavum, Kze. Myk. Hefte, t. 1, /. 2.
Queensland.
Bactridium magnum, Cke. Grevillea viir., 60.
Dividing Eange.
Gen. 4. Sporidesmium. Link.
Sporidesmium atrofuscum, Coohe.
Effusum, velutinum, atrum. S]3oris clavato-elongatis, irregu- laribus (*05-*08x'0l5-*02 mm.), in cellulis quadratis utrinque divisis, atro 'fuscis.
On woDd. Mount William, Victoria.
PHYSOMYCETES. B.
Ord I. MUCORZNl. Fr.
Gen. 1. Mucor. Mich.
Blucor cervinoleucus. Berk. FI. Tasm. ii., 282.
Tasmania.
Gen. 2. Phycomyces. Kunze.
Phycomyces nitens, Kze. Myk. Hefte. ii., 113.
Broadribb River.
Gen. 3. Circinella. Tieg. ^ Mon.
Circinella umbellata, Tieg. Mon, Am. Sci. Nat., 1873, t. 21, /. 18-23. ( = Helicostylnm Morelioe, B. & Br.).
Queensland.
Gen. 5. Endogone. Link.
Endogone australis, Berk. FI. Tasm. il., 282.
Tasmania.
ADDENDA.
The following species have been added to the Australian Flora since the publication of this catalogue commenced : —
HYMENOMYCETES. Fr.
Agaricus (Lepiota) rhytipelta, Muell. Proc. Linn. Soc . N. S.M 1882,
p. 104.
Lake Muir, Mullersville, Western Port.
AUSTRALIAN FUNGI.
13
Agaricus (Lepiota) mastoideus, Ft\ Bym Evr., 30.
Gipps Land, Barossa Range.
Agaricus (Tricholoma) civilis, Fr. Hym. Eur., 71, Fr. Icon., 42,/. 1.
Queensland.
Agaricus (Clitocybe) rheicolor. Berk. Ann. Nat. Hist. III., 376.
Queensland.
Agaricus (Collybia) nivosulus. Berk. Fungi Cubensis {No. 111.)
Gipps Land.
Agaricus (Collybia) coagulatus, B. ^ Br. Linn Trans, ii., 53. Queensland.
Agaricus (Mycena) acutatus, Kalcli. Proo. Linn. Soc, N.S.W., 1882,
p. 104.
Western Port.
Agaricus (Omphalia) glaucescens, Kalclib. Proc. Linn. Soc, N.S. IF.,
1882, p. 105.
Western Port.
Agaricus (Fleurotus) salignus, Fr. Hym. Fur., 174.
Lake Bonne j, Gipps Land, Endeavour River, N. S. Wales. Agaricus (Pleurotus) ostreatus, Fr. Hym. Fur., 173.
Illawarra.
Agaricus (Pleurotus) semiliber, B. Bi\ Linn, Trans, ii., 54. Queensland.
Agaricus (Pleurotus) mitis, Pers. Syn., 481.
Port Denison.
Agaricus (Pholiota) spectabilis, Fr. Hym. Eur., 221,
N. S. Wales.
Agaricus (Flammula) Baileyi, B. d-- Br. Linn. Trans, ii., 54.
Queensland.
Agaricus (Naucoria) melinoides. Bull. Champ., t. 560,/. 1.
Queensland.
Agaricus (Naucoria) cerodes, Fr. Hym. Fur.,p. 257.
Moe Swamp, Gipps Land.
Agaricus (Galera) peroxydatus. Berk. Journ. Bot.,\d,i^, p. 511. Queensland.
Agaricus (Stropharia) squamosus, Fr, Hym. Eur., 285.
Clarendon.
Agaricus (Hypholoma) Candolleanus, Fr. Hym. Eur., 295. Daylesford.
Hygrophorus gilvus, Kalclib. Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. W., 1882, p. 105. Western Port.
Hygrophorus Lewellinae, Kalelih. Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. TF., 1882, 105.
Lactarius piperatus, Fr. Bym. Fur., p. 430.
Endeavour River.
Lentinus strigosus, Fr. Fpicr., p. 388.
N. Queensland.
Lentinus blepharodes. Berk. & Curt. Fungi Cuba, No. 155.
Port Denison.
Lentinus Schomburgckii, Berk. Linn. Trans, xx., Ill, 9,/. 3. Daintree River, Port Denison.
14
AUSTRALIAN FUNGI.
Lentinus pelliculosus, Fr,Epicr.,
Kichmond Eiver.
Iientinus catexvazius, B. c& Br. Linn. Trans, ii., 55.
Queensland.
Lentinus exasperatus, B. db Br. Linn. Ti'ans. ii., 55.
Queensland.
Lentinus punctaticeps, B. Sf Br. Linn. Trans, ii., 55.
Queensland.
Lentinus eugrammus, Mont. Cuba, 414, t. 17, f. 2.
Queensland.
Fanus conchatus, Fr. Hym. Eur., 488.
Clarence River.
Fanus suborbicularis, B. £& Br. Linn. Trans, ii., 55.
Queensland.
Xerotus Bexterii, 3Iont. Chil. vii., 353.
Queensland.
Xexotus albidus, B. Br. Linn. Trans, ii., 56.
Queensland.
Xexotus lateritius, B. ^ C. Journ. Linn. Soc. x., 303.
Queensland.
Lenzites repanda, Fr. Epicr.y p. 404.
Queensland, Richmond River, Clarence River, Illawarra. Lenzites flaccida, Fr. Hym. Eur., 493.
Richmond River.
Boletus haediniis, B. ^ Br. Linn. Trans. ii.,-57.
Queensland.
Boletus calopus, Fr. Hym. Eur., 506. Sver. Svamp., t. 69.
Clarence River.
Folypoxus (Mesopus) Haxtmanni, Clce.
Pileo carnoso, subfragili, saepe dimidiato, leniter velutino, fusco- rubescente, margine pallidiore, plano, vel late umbonato, disco crasso, stipite ventricoso crasso, hinc illic subradicato, sursum rubro velutino, deorsum pallidiore, sub reticulato-tomentoso, poris minimis, rotundis, aequalibus, brevissimis, leniter decurrentibus, pallidis. Sporis minutis, ellipticis, albis.
On the ground. Toorvoomba, Queensland. {Hartmann^ No.
An elegant species approaching Boletus^ but with a descending trama. Pileus 3 inches diam., stem. 2^ inches long, 1 inch thick. Pileus and stem minutely velvety, wholly rufescent except the pores, which are pallid. The diagnosis is drawn from the dried plant. Unfortunately collectors and colonial correspondents will not be persuaded to send drawings and details with their fleshy fungi, although for many years the Rev. M. J. Berkeley was con- tinually urging it upon them. On account of this not more than one-tenth of the Agaricini and Boleti sent here can be accurately determined.
Folypoxus (IHlesopus) tomentosus, F\ Hym. Eur., 530.
Gipps Land, V.
AUSTRALIAN FUNGI.
15
Folypoxus (IVEesopus) similis, B^rTc. Hook. Journ., 1843, 635.
Endeavour Kiver, Goode Island.
Folyporus (IVXesopus) pxoteipoxus, Cooke.
Pileo albido, e carnoso-lento, coriaceo, convexo-plano, depresso, leniter tomentoso-leproso, demum subglabro, margine integro, vel sublobato, incurvo ; stipite brevi concolore ; carne pallido ; poris angulatis, irregularibus, confluentibus, decurrentibus (i-2 mm. diam.) elongatis (5 mm.) pallide umbrinis. Dissepimentis tenui- bus, margine laceratis.
On the ground. Torvoomba, Q. {Hartmann.')
Pileus 2 -4 in. diam. Stem scarcely an inch long, half an inch thick, dilated upwards. In some respects resembling P. rufescens and P. biennis, but firmer, belonging rather to the section Lenti than Spongiosi.
Folyporus (Fleuxopus) Strangexii, Muell. Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W., ^ 1882, 106.
Riverina.
Folyporus (Fleuropus) nephridius, Pe7'k. Journ. Bot. viii., 195. Brisbane, Q.
Folyporus (Fleuropus) vinosus, Bei'Tc. Ann. Nat. Hist, ii., Vol. ix., 195. Brisbane, Q.
Folyporus (Fleuropus) Leprieurli, Mont. 8yll., 155.
New Guinea.
Folyporus (Fleuropus) Guilfoylei, B. ^ Br. Linn. Trans, ii. 58. Brisbane, Q.
Folyporus (Fleuropus) mutabilis. Berk. Curt. Grev. i., 38. Daintree River.
Folyporus (Fleuropus) brunneolus, Berk. Sill. Journ., 1851, 94. Daintree River.
Folyporus (Fleuropus) carneo-niger, Bei'k.
Pileo reniformi, tenui, nigro, radiato-rugoso (2 unc. lat.) ob- scure zonato. Stipite brevi, elongatove, concolore, deorsum velu- tino-fusco, ad basim discoideo. Hymenio carneo, poris minutis, brevibus ; dissepimentis crassis.
Daintree River.
Folyporus (Fleuropus) dorcadideus, B. A Br. Linn. Trans, ii., 57, t. 10,/. 16.
Brisbane, Q.
Folyporus (Fleuropus) scopulosus, Berk. Hook. Journ., 1852, 143. Daintree River.
Folyporus (Fleuropus) dictyopus, Mont. Ann. Sci. Nat., 1835, 349. Queensland.
Folyporus (Fleuropus) Boucheanns, Fr. Hym. Fur., 533. Endeavour River.
Folyporus (Merisma) retiporus, Cooke.
Caespitoso-multiplex, succoso-caseosus, expallens, ochraceus, sicco fragilis. Pileis latissimis, imbricatis, undulatis, velutino- tomentosis ; carne albo ; poris angulatis, mediis, brevissimis ; dis- sepimentis obtusis retiformibus.
16
AUSTRALIAN FUNGI.
On trunks. Daintree River.
Resembling P. sulfureus, but the pores are three times as large, much shorter, the dissepiments almost venose. It differs also in its velvety surface. Colour uncertain, as no information was sent with the dried specimens.
Polypoxus (IVIexisma) laetus, Cooke.
Imbricato-multiplex, e lento coriaceus, leeticolor. Pileolis dimi- diatis, imbricato-concrescentibus, integris, in squamulis adpressis zonato- diffractis, aurantio-rubris, in coccineis purpureisque vergen- tibus, demum pallescentibus, postice in stipitem ingequalem con- fluentibus ; margine acuto, carne fibroso, aurantio-rubro, tenui (5 mm. crass). Poris mediis, pallidis, acie tenui.
Victoria.
Pilei 3 to 6 inches, or more, broad. Portion only sent without information. Apparently allied to P. giganteus.
Polypoxus (Mexisma) anthxacophilus, Cooke.
Imbricato-multiplex, e lento coriaceus, induratus, pileolis dimi- diatis, imbricato-concrescentibus, sinuoso-lobatis, sub-tomentosis, demum adpresso- squamosis, badio-fuscis, postice in stipites inee- qnales albidos attenuatis, anibitu leniter zonatis ; poris medio- cribus (1— 2- mm.) insequalibus, angulatis, decurrentibus, albis; dis- sepimentis tenuibus, sub-dentatis.
On charred ground. S. W. Australia. {Muir^ 116.) Rock- hampton. {Thozet.)
Tiifts 6 inches. Pores 1 cm. and upwards long. Becoming very hard when dry.
Polypoxus (nHexisma) confluens, ¥v. Hym. Eur., 539.
Port Denison, Lord Howe’s Island.
Polypoxus (Anodexmei) substuppeus, B. cO Cooke Linn. Journ. xv., 381. Endeavour River.
Polypoxus (Placodexmei) betulinus, P?'. Hym. Eur., bob. Queensland.
Polypoxus (Placodexmei) maxginatus, Ft. Hym. Eur., 561. Victoria. N. S. Wales.
Polypoxus (Placodexmei), lineato-scabex, B. ^ Br. Linn. Trans. II., 69, t. 11, /. 1.
Queensland.
Polypoxus (Placodexmei) oblinitus, Be7'k. in Hei'b. Kewensis. Clarence River.
Polypoxus (Placodexmei) testudo, B. ^ Br. Linn. Trans. II., 59, t.
10,/. 19.
Brisbane, Q.
Polypoxus (Placodexmei) dochmius, Bei'k. ^ Br. Linn. Journ. xiv., 50. Daintree River.
Polypoxus (Inodexmei), anebus. Berk. Hook. Journ., 1847, jo. 504.
Brisbane, Q.
Polypoxus (Inodexmei) caxtilagineus, Berk, Br. Linn. Journ., XIV., 49.
Johnstone River.
AUSTRALIAN FUNGI.
17
Folypoxus (Znodexmei) velutinus, Fr. Hym. Ftcr», 568.
Gipps Land, Endeavour Kiver,
Folypoxus (Inodexmei) txizonatus, Cooke.
Pileo coriaceo, tenui, rigido, ochraceo, applanato, postice con- vexo, sericeo, zonis tribus elevatis obscurioribus variegato, margine integro, acuto. Poris minimis, rotundis, postice decurrentibus, albis mm. diam.).
On trunks. Upper Yarra. (Lucas).
Pileus l^-2in., somewhat resembling P, hirsutus above, but silkj and shining, similar also in appearance to some forms of P. versicolor., but not at all velvety. Almost uniformly with three elevated, slightly darker zones.
Folypoxus (Inodexmei) contxaxius, B. tfc- Curt. Linn. Trans, ii., 60,
t. 11, /. 2-4.
Brisbane, Q.
Folypoxus (Inodexmei) stexeoides, Fr. Hym. Fur.y 569.
Eichmond Eiver, Upper Daintree River.
Folypoxus (Inodexmei) vellexeus, Berk. Journ. Bot,, 1842, y 455. Brisbane, Q.
Folypoxus (Inodexmei) bxevipoxus, Cooke.
Ferrugineus. Pileo membranaceo, rigido, radiato-rugoso, scruposo, conchiformi, vel imbricato, margine crispato. Poris bre- vissimis, minutis, rotundatis, concoloribus (i mm. diam.).
On trunks. Endeavour River.
Pileus very thin, conchate, resembling above a very thin P. scruposus, but not thicker than ordinary brown packing paper. Pores shallow, minute, very indistinct.
Folypoxus (Inodexmei) exiophoxus, B. 4* Br. Linn. Trans, ii., 60,
11,/. 5, 6.
Brisbane, Q. Illawarra.
This was described as a resupinate species, but it is evidently a resupinate condition of a species of Inodermei.
Folypoxus (Resupinatus) dictyopoxus, Cooke.
Effusus, indeterminatus, tenellus, albus, incrustans, poris effusis, hinc illic centralibus, mediis, «qualibus, subangulatis ; dissepi- mentis tenuibus, brevissimis, venoso-reticulatis, persistenter albis, partibus sterilibus villosis.
On charred wood. Torvoomba, Q.
With some resemblance to P. terrestris, but the very shallow pores are persistently white (about ^ mm. diam.).
Folypoxus (Resupinatus) contiguus, Fr. Hym. Eur., 571.
Clarendon. Daintree River.
Folypoxus (Resupinatus) medulla-panis, Fr. Hym. Fur. p., 579. Brisbane, Q.
Txametes obstinatus, Cooke.
Pileo coriaceo-lignoso, indurato, tenui, convexo-plano, de- pressovc, pallido subcinereo, velutino, lineato-zonato ; margine acuto, integro. Poris e rotundis elongatis mm. diam.), denti- culatis, ligni-coloribus.
2
18
AUSTRALIAN FUNGI.
On trunks. Endeavour River.
Pileus 2-3 inches broad, 2-3 mm. thick, very rigid, sometimes imbricated, with the habit of Polyporus versicolor, but differing in texture, with 2-3 linear reddish or purplish zones. Pores rigid, toothed, often oblique.
Txametes ochxoflava, Coohe Grevilleaix.,p. 12.
Brisbane, Q.
Daedalea incompta, Bej'k, Linn. Trans, ii., 61, t. 12, /.1, 2.
Port Douglas.
Daedalea scala'zis, B. Br. Linn. Trans, ii., 61, t. 11, /. 7-9.
Brisbane, Q.
Hexagona tenuis, Hooh. in Kunth St/nop., p. 10.
Queensland.
Laschia caespitosa, Berk. Hook. Jonrn., 185i, p. 229.
Queensland.
Mexulius Baileyi, B. & Br. Linn. Trans, ii. 62, 13, /. 1.
Queensland. .
Mexulius tenuissimus, B. Br. Linn. Trans, ii., 62.
Queensland.
Hydnum (Mexisma) coxalloides, Fr. Hym.Eur.,QQl.
Illawarra.
Hydnum (Apus) mexuloides, B. ^ Br. Linn. Trans, ii., 63, 1. 13, /. 4.
Queensland.
Zxpex tabacinus, B. ^ Curt. Forth Am er. Fungi, No. 198.
Queensland.
Zxpex gausapatus, B. Curt. N. Amer. Fungi {No. 2922).
Endeavour River.
Radulum molaxe, Fr. Hym. Eur., 623.
Queensland.
Cxatexellus coxnucopioides, Fr. Hym. Eur., 631.
Queensland.
Thelephoxa cxistata, Fr. Hym. Eur., 637.
Queensland.
Thelephoxa albo-maxginata, Schwein. Hook. Journ., 1847, 324.
N.S. Wales.
Stexeum (Pleuxopus) B-psith.\x\ditxira., Berk. Hook. Journ. viii.,j9. 274.
Queensland.
Stexeum (IKEexisma) fasciatum, Schwein. Syn.p. 106.
Queensland.
Stexeum (BlZexisma) simulans, B. Br. Linn. Trans, p. 64, t. 13,/. o-15.
Queensland.
Stexeum (Mexisma) complicatum, Fr. Epicr., 548, Linn. Trans, ii., t. 14, f. 12.14.
Queensland.
Stexeum pexlatum, Berk. Rook. Journ., 1842, 153.
Port Denison.
Stexeum molle. Lev. Ann. Sci. Nat., 1846, 147.
Daintree River.
AUSTRALIAN FUNGI.
19
Dictyonema membranaceum {Ag.), Berk. in. Hook. Journ., 1851, 16. Cloudy Mount.
Spaxassis cxispa^ Fr. Ifym. Eur., 666.
Clarendon.
Peniophoxa bambusicola, B. 4" Br. Linn. Trans. il.,p. 64.
Queensland.
Coxticium ? amoxphum, Pers. 8yn., 165), Fries. Hym. jE’wr. 648. Queensland.
Clavaxia gxisea, Pers. Comm.y 44. Fr. Hym. Eur., 672.
Gipps Land.
Clavaxia mucida, Fr. Hym. Eur., 679.
Illawarra.
Clavaxia Kalchbxennexi, Muell. Proc. Linn. Soc. H.S.W., 1812, p. 105.
Western Port.
Clavaxia luxida, Kalchb. Proc. Linn. Soc. MS. TF., 1882, ly. 105.
Western Port.
Clavaxia poxtentosa, B. ^ Br. Linn. Trans, il., 'p. 65, 1. 14, /. 15. Queensland.
Clavaxia miltina, Berk. Hook. Journ., 1852, p. 140.
Queensland.
Clavaxia xufa, jP/. Ban., t. 776, fig. 1.
Queensland.
Txemella lutescens, Fr. Hym. Eur. ,690.
Queensland.
Dacxymyces miltinus, Berk. {Tremella cinnabarina, Berk.), FI. Tasm. II., 263, t. 183, /. 7.
Clarendon, N. S. Wales. Tasmania.
Dacxymyces stillatus, JVees. Syst, p. 89, /. 90.
Clarendon, N. S. W.
Dacxymyces sacchaxi, B. ^ Br. Linn. Trans, ii., 65.
Queensland.
GASTEPOMYCETES.
Gen. Id. Omphalophallus. Kalcli.
Omphalophallus IWiullexianus, Kalcli. Flora, No. 6, 1883. Phallus xubicundus (Bose.), Fr. Sys. Afyc., ii., 284.
Port Phillip.
Sclexodexma vexxucosum, Pers. 8yn. Fung., 154.
Queensland.
Cyathus Novae Zelandiae, Tul.Ann. Sci. Nat, 1844, 66, t. 6,/. L5. Upper Hunter Kiver.
Gen.- 2d. * Phizopogon. Tul. (Jlypogoei).
Rhizopogon luteolus, Fr. in Tul. Bypog,,p. 81.
Murray Piver.
20
AUSTRALIAN FUNGI.
^CIDIOMYCETES.
JEcidium nymphoideaxum, B. 6s Br. Linn. Trans, ii., 67. nym-
phoides, D. C. FI. Fr.)
Brisbane, Q.
Melampsora nesodaphnes, B. & Br. Linn. Trans, ii., 67, t. 15, /. 9.
Brisbane, Q.
Ustilago Emodensis, Berk. Hook. Jow'n., 1851, 202.
Brisbane, Q. ,
Tilletia epiphylla, B. ^ Br. Linn. Trans., ii., 67.
Brisbane, Q.
Gen. 9. Graphiola. Poit.
Graphiola phoenicis, Poit. Ann. Sci. Nat., 1824, 473.
On date palm. Brisbane, Q.
DISCOMYCETES.
Feziza (Sepultaxia) confusa, Cke. Myco. t. 32,/. 124.
Brisbane.
Feziza (Scutellinia) hirta, Schum. Cke. Myco. t. 33, /. 128.
Gipps Land, V.
Feziza (Scutellinia) coprogena, B. 4’ £r. Linn. Trans, ii., p. 69.
Brisbane, Q.
Feziza (Scutellinia) badio-berbis, Berk. Grevillea viii., p. 137.
Clarendon.
Helotium terrestre, B. 4' Br. Linn. Trans, ii., 69.
Brisbane, Q.
Ascobolus Baileyi, B. 4’ Br. Linn. Trans, ii., 69.
On dung. Brisbane, Q.
Fatellaria lignyota, Fr. Sys. Myc. ii., 150.
Gipps Land, V.
PYKENOMYCETES.
Xylaria (Xyloglossa) cynoglossa, Cooke Grevillea xii., p. 1. Tweed River. (R. Fitzgerald.)
Hypoxylon serpens, Fr. Sys. Myc. ii., 341.
Queensland.
Nummularia Baileyi, Cooke Grevillea xii., p. 6.
Brisbane, Q.
Meliola mollis, B. ^ Br. Linn. Journ. xiv., 136.
Queensland.
Meliola corallina, Mont. FI. Chil. vii., 472.
Queensland.
Meliola Musae, Mont. Ann. Sci. Nat., 1846, j?. 265.
Queensland.
Antennaria semiovata, Berk. Ann. Nat. Hist, ii., vol. xm.,p. 468. Queensland.
AUSTRALIAN FUNGI.
21
Chaetomium cymatotrichuxn, CooTce.
Gregarium. Peritbeciis depresso-globosis (*2 mm.) ubique lanosis, olivaceo-fuligineis, ostiolo atro ; pilis tenuibus, simplicibus, glabris, intertextis, numerosissimis, gyroso-flexuosis, fuscis. Ascis pyriformibus, sporidiis globosis, ovatisve, leniter utrinque apicu- latis, vel obtuso-rotundatis, fuligineis ('01 X *008 mm.).
On leaves of Solanum Dallachii. Johnstone River, N. Queens- land (Berthand).
Perithecia, including the hairs, *04 mm. diam. Hairs waved throughout, from one-fourth to one-third the diameter of the sporidia.
CORRIGENDA.
References to be added to the following species : —
Agaricus (Pleurotus) sordulentus, B. ^ Br. Linn. Trans, ii., 54. Agaricus (Psalliota) versipes, B. SfBr. Linn. Trans, ii., 54. Hygrophorus porphyrius, B. Br. Linn. Trans, ii., 55.
Panus incandescens, B. ^ Br. Linn. Trans, ii., 55.
Panus viscidulus, B. 8f Br. Linn. Trans. ii.,55.
Xerotus proximus, B. 4* Br. Linn. Trans, ii., 56.
Polyporus (IVIesopus) dictyopus, Rost, in Sturm. FI., to be deleted. Polyporus luridus, KalcKbr., (p. 24), instead of Polyjporus lividus,
Kalchbr.
Trametes pictus, B. ^ Br. Linn. Trans, ii., 61.
Sistotrema irpicinum, B. Br. Linn. Trans, ii., 63.
Hydnum meruloides, B. Br. Linn. Trans, ii., 63.
IVIelampsora phyllodiorum, B. ^ Br. Linn. Traits, ii., 67.
Sphaeria polyscia, B. 4* Br., not Sphcsriapolyasca, B. & Br.
Note. — The above Catalogue has been compiled chiefly from descriptions, or determinations, by several mycologists, with no type specimens, in many cases, available for reference. Conse- quently no attempt has been made at reduction, although confident that species have been introduced which cannot be maintained as distinct from species previously described. Different authors will naturally hold different views as to the limits of species in propor- tion to their knowledge and experience of exotic forms, and their tendencies to variation under varied conditions. We make these observations in order to prevent any misconception that we are prepared to adopt all the names quoted in the list.
August, 1883.
M. C. C.
22
NEW AMERICAN FUNGI.
By M. C. Cooke.
Chiefly consisting of diagnoses of the species published in Ravenel’s North American Fungi.
Pyrekomycetes imperfects.
Leptostroma micropuncta, CooTte in Hav. Amer. Fungi, No. 527.
Gregaria. Peritheciis minutissimis, applanatis, atris, maculis suborbicularibus efformantibus. Spoils linearibus, hyalinis, utrinque obtusis (*006 X ’0015 mm.).
On Sabal. S. Carolina (Rav., 2848).
Leptostroma confluens, Cooke in Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 530.
Peritheciis orbicularibus, applanatis, atris, demum confluentibus, in plagiis irregularibus aggregatis. Sporis ellipticis, hyalinis, (•004 X -002 mm.).
On bark of Pinus, S. Carolina (Rav., 2337).
Coniothyrium callicarpee, Coolce in Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 503.
Sparsum, tectum, demum cortice fissurato erumpens. Peri- ibeciis atris, subdepressis. Sporis globosis, pallide fuscis (*004 mm. diam.).
On branches of Callicarpa (Rav., 2711). S. Carolina.
Phoma musarum, Cooke in Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 692.
Minutum, sparsum, punctiforme. Peritheciis subglobosis, atris, epidermide tenui tectis. Sporis elliptico-elongatis (-01 X ’003 mm.).
On petioles of Musa, (Rav., 3182). Georgia, U.S.
Phoma atomaesporum, Cooke in Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 541.
Sparsum, prominulum, atrum. Peritheciis subglobosis, poro pertusis. Sporis minutissimis, profusis, hyalinis, ovato-ellipticis, (•003 X ‘0015 mm.).
On petioles and midribs of Magnolia (Rav., 2656 B). S. Carolina.
Sphaeropsis filamentosa, Cooke in Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 545.
Sparsa, punctiformis. Peritheciis subglobosis, atris, cuticula hyalina tectis. Sporis cylindricis, utrinque obtusis, hyalinis, (•018--02 X -003--004 mm.).
On Yucca filamentosa, (Rav., 3089). S. Carolina.
Sphaeropsis viticolum, Cooke in Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 542.
Foliicola, gregaria. Peritheciis subglobosis, demum centro depressis, fuscis. Sporis sublanceolatis, rectis,'curvulisve, hyalinis, (•02--024 X -005--0065 mm.).
On leaves of Vitis, (Rav., 2933). South Carolina, U.S. . Sphaeropsis tertium, Cooke.
Sparsum vel subgregarium, punctiforme. Peritheciis depressis, minimis, atris, cuticula tectis. Sporis elongato -ellipticis, utrinque obtusis, hyalinis (•018 x •0035--004 mm.).
On branches of Ailantlius, (Rav., 2712). S. Carolina.
NEW AMERICAN FUNGI.
23
Sphaeropsis Ricini, Coolte in Bav. Amer. Fungi, No. 543.
Caulicolum, sparsiim. Peritheciis atris, subglobosis, demum depressis, poro pertusis. Sporis elongato-ellipticis, hyalinis, (•02 X '005 mm).
On stems of Ricinus communis (Rav., 2630). S. Carolina. Sphaeropsis Sacchazi, Coohe in Bav. Amer. Fungi, No. 693.
Sparsam, vel in plagias irregulares consociatum. Peritheciis atris, subglobosis, erumpentibus. Sporis lanceolatis, hyalinis, (•032--042 X *012 mm.).
On culms of Saccharum officinarum, (Rav., 3173). Darien, Georgia.
Sphaezopsis gladioli, Cooke.
Foliicolum, in maculas pallidos gregarium. Peritheciis minimis, subglobosis, atris ; sporis elongato-ellipticis, hyalinis, (’02 x *005 mm.).
On leaves of Gladiolus (Rav., 2956). S. Carolina, U.S. , Discella quezcina, Cooke in Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 555.
Sparsa, erumpens, discoidea, primo cortice tecta, demum laciniato-fissurato. Disco atro. Sporis elongato-ellipticis, hyalinis, (*015 X *004 mm.).
On bark of Quercus aquatica (Rav., 2857). S. Carolina.
Discella citzi, Cooke.
Sparsa, rotundata, elliptica, vel elongata, fusca, primo epidermide tecta, demum lacerata. Sporis elongato-ellipticis, hyalinis, (*016- •017 X *0045 mm.).
On twigs of Citrus (Rav., 2521). •
Diplodia zossecazpa, Cooke in Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 550.
Sparsa. Peritheciis demum erumpentibus, subglobosis, atris, obtusis. Sporis ellipticis, uniseptatis, fuscis, ad medio constrictis, (•02 X -01 mm.).
On fruits of Rosa (Rav., 2811). S. Carolina, U.S.
Diplodia Fhozadendzi, Cooke in Bav. Amer. Fungi, No. 549.
Sparsa, prominula. Peritheciis globosis, atris, demum superne nudis. Sporis magnis, ellipticis, uniseptatis, fuscis, ad medio con- strictis (^032 X ^02 mm.).
On Phoradendron (Rav., 3042). Seaboard of S. Carolina. Allied to Diplodia compressa, but distinct.
Diplodia Euonymi, Westdp. Rav. in Amer. Fungi, No. 548.
Sporis (-022--024 x •OOS mm.).
• On FMonymus Europceus, (Rav., 2918). S. Carolina.
Sphairellopsis, Cooke.
Perithecia erumpens, vel subsuperficialis, membranacea. Sporis uniseptatis, hyalinis.
Sphaezellopsis quezcuum, Cooke.
Hypophylla, sparsa. Peritheciis subglobosis, subsuperficialis, mimimis (•lb mm. diam.) fuscis. Sporis lanceolatis, uniseptatis, hyalinis (-016 x -004, mm.).
On leaves of Quercus virens. Darien, Georgia (Rav., 2500 bis.)
24
NEW AMERICAN FUNGI.
Kendersonia Wistaxiae, Cooke in Bav. Anier. Fungi, 782.
8parsa, tecta, dein erumpens. Peritheciis subglobosis vel depressis, atrofuscis. Sporis lanceolatis, triseptatis, fuscis, (•01 X *003 mm.).
On branches of Wistaria sinensis (Rav., 2617). S. Carolina. Hendexsonia Musae, Cooke in Bav. Amer. Fungi, No. 781.
Sparsa, tecta, punctiformis. Peritheciis parvulis, subglo- bosis, fuscis. Sporis lanceolatis, triseptatis, hyalinis, (’012 x '004 mm.).
On Banana (Rav., 3369). Darien, Georgia.
Pleococcum pezizoideum, Cooke in Bav. Amer. Fungi, No. 699.
Sparsum, atrum, cupulseformis, erumpens, margine subintegro, disco cinereo. Sporophoris simplicibus, subrectis. Sporis lineari- bus, obtusis, hyalinis, (*007 x *002 mm.).
On leaves oi Lathyrus (Rav., 3322). S. Carolina, U.S. Festalozzia Cxyptoxnexiae, Cooke in Bav. Amer. Fuo.gi, No. 554.
Foliicola, sparsa. Peritheciis tenuibus, subprominulis, con- vexis ; sporis lanceolatis, longe stipitatis, triciliatis, trilocu- laribus, fuscis, utrinque hyalino-apiculatis (•012 X *0035 mm.). On Cryptomeria, (Rav., 2614). S. Carolina.
Spores smaller than in F. funerea.
Vexmiculaxia polytxicha, Cooke in Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 532.
Erumpens, cupulaeformis, strigosa, atra. Setis dense con- gestis, erectis, rigidis, subulatis, glabris, atrofuscis. Sporis lanceolatis, lunatis, nucleatis, hyalinis, (^03 x *004 mm.).
On Lima bean, (Rav., 2988). S. Carolina.
Chsetophoma sabal, Cooke in Bav. Amer. Fungi, No. 535.
Sparsa, fusca, velutina. Hyphis conidiisque ut in Macro- sporio. Peritheciis subglobosis, membranaceis, fuscis (’1 mm. diam.). Sporis ellipticis, hyalinis (•004 x *0015 mm.).
On Sabal, (^Rav., 2847). S. Carolina.
Chaetophoma myxiospoxa, Cooke in Bav. Amer. Fungi, No. 537.
Sparsa, fusca. Hyphis erectis, simplicibus, septatis. Conidiis macrosporoideis, clavatis (^04 x ^013 mm.). Peritheciis
globoso-depressis, minimis (^05 mm. diam.) membranaceis. Sporis ellipticis, hyalinis, minutis (-003 x •OOl mm.).
On stems of Delphinium, (Rav., 2669). S. Carolina. Chsetophoma Musae, Cooke in Bav. Amer. Fungi, No. 536.
Effusa, atro- fusca, pannosa. Hyphis intertextis, clado- sporoideis [Cladosporium pannosum, Cooke). Peritheciis
globoso-depressis, membranaceis, fuscis (-08 mm. diam.). Sporis ellipticis, hyalinis (-004 x -002 mm.).
On Musa, (Rav., 3056). S. Carolina.
Ast exorna cexasi, Cooke in Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 521.
Hypophylla. Maculis orbicularibus, radiantibus, atris. Peri- theciis parvulis, applanatis, mycelio fusco insidentibus. Sporis ovalibus, continuis, hyalinis (•004 x '002 mm.).
On leaves of Cerasus Carolinensis, (Rav., 2766). S. Carolina.
NEW AMERICAN FUNGI.
25
Asteroma Liriodendri, Cooke in Bav. Amer. Fungi, No. 522.
Amphigena. Maculis parvulis, suborbicularibus, fuligineis. Peritheciis convexis, atris. Sporis minutissimis, ovalibus, hyalinis (-0015 x ^001 mm.).
On leaves of Lmode7id?wi, (Hay., 2859). S. Carolina. Asteroma tinctoria, Cooke in Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 523.
E^iphylla. Maculis suborbicularibus, atro-cinereis. Peri- theciis irregularibus, applanatis, (*1 mm. diam.) atris. Sporis ovato-ellipticis, hyalinis (*002 x *001 mm.).
On leaves of Quercus tinctmna, (Rav., 2765). S. Carolina. Leptothyrium cinctum, Cooke in Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 517.
Hypophyllum. Peritheciis subangulatis, minutis, applanatis, fuscis, circiter annulo pallescente cinctis. Sporis ovalibus, hyalinis (-005 X -0025 mm.).
On leaves of Cerasus serotina, (Rav., 3126). S. Carolina. Leptothyrium rosarum, Cooke in Bav. Amer. Fungi, No. 518.
Hypophyllum. Peritheciis discoideis, applanatis, atris, hinc illic aggregatis. Sporis ovato-ellipticis, hyalinis (’0035 x ‘002 mm.).
Oli Rose leaves, (Rav., 2705). S. Carolina.
Cheilaria Crataegi, Cooke in Bav. Amer. Fungi, No. 516.
Hypophylla. Peritheciis sparsis, minutissimis, applanatis, superne in lacinias 3-4 apertis. Sporis ovalibus, hyalinis, (-003 x •0015 mm.).
On leaves Crataegus. (Rav., 2730, 2682.) S. Carolina. Septoria dryina, Cooke in Bav. Amer. Fungi, No, 783.
Amphigena. Maculis orbicularibus, albis, minimis, rubrocinctis. Peritheciis paucis, punctiformibus, atris. Sporis linearibus, curvulis, nucleolis repletis, hyalinis (’Ob-’OB x *0015 mm.).
On leaves of Quercus falcata. (Rav., 3326.) S. Carolina. Septoria Solidaginis, Cooke in Bav. Amer. Fungi, No. 784.
Amphigena. Maculis-rubro-purpureis, irregularibus. Peritheciis sparsis, minutis. Sporis linearibus, flexuosis, nucleolis repletis, hyalinis (*05 x *001 mm.).
On leaves of Solidago odora. (Rav., 3338.) S. Carolina. Septoria albopunctata, Cooke in Bav. Amer. Fungi, No. 510.
Epiphylla. Maculis punctiformibus, albis, purpureo-cinctis ; Peritheciis 1-2 centro maculse insidentibus. Sporis linearibus, nucleatis, hyalinis (*06-‘07 X '002 mm.).
On leaves of Vaccinium arboreum. (Rav., 2618.) S. Carolina. Septoria gossypina, Cooke in Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 509.
Epiphylla. Maculis albidis, irregularibus, purpureo-cinctis. Peritheciis punctiformibus, centralibus, atris, semi-iniiatis. Sporis linearibus, hyalinis (*05 X ’001 mm.).
On leaves of Gossypium. (Rav., 2698). S. Carolina. Phyllostica Fhytolaccae, Cooke in Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 514.
Epiphylla. Maculis orbicularibus fuscis. Peritheciis minutis, semi-innatis, fuscis. Sporis breviter linearibus, obtusis, hyalinis, rectis (-008 x *0015 mm.).
On leaves of Phytolacca. (Rav., 2661.) S. Carolina.
26
NEW AMERICAN FUNGI.
Phyllosticta Nyss», CooJce in Rav., Amer, Fungi, No_, 798.
Epiphylla. Macculis pallidis, irregularibus, magnis, purpureo- cinctis. Peritbeciis minutissimis, punctiformibus, atris. Sporis subellipticis, hyalinis (-0035 X '0015 mm.).
On leaves of Nyssa capitata. (Rav., 3386). Darien, Georgia. Phyllosticta Bauhiniae, Cooke.
Epiphylla. Maculis irregularibus, fuscis. Peritbeciis minutis, sparsis, punctiformibus, atris. Sporis ellipticis, hyalinis, (‘0075 x •002 mm.).
On leaves of Bauhinia. Caraccas, Venezuela.
Phyllosticta sassafras, Cooke in Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 515.
Epiphylla. Maculis orbicularibus, fuscis. Peritbeciis numerosis, quandoque circinatis, sparsisve, atris (*1 mm.). Sporis elliptico- lanceolatis ('007 x '0015 mm.), hyalinis.
On leavesof Sassafras officinale. (Rav., 2767, 2672.) S. Carolina. Phyllosticta Liriodendri, Cooke.
Epiphylla. Maculis orbicularibus, fuscis, albescentibus, fusco- limitatis. Peritbeciis pancis, punctiformibus, centro congregatis, atris. Sporis ellipticis, hyalinis, (*006 x '002 mm.).
On leaves of Liriodendron. (Rav., 2917.) S. Carolina. Phyllosticta pyrorum, Cooke in Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 512.
Epiphylla. Maculis dealbatis, magnis, semi vel totam paginam occupantibus, linea purjDurea determinatis. Peritbeciis sparsis, convexis, atris. Sporis linearibus, rectis vel subcurvulis, hyalinis (•01 X -002 mm.).
On pear leaves. (Rav., 2710.) S. Carolina.
Phyllosticta serotina, Cooke in Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 513.
Arnphigena. Maculis orbicularibus, fuscis, linea obscuriore limitatis. Peritbeciis sparsis, punctiformibus, minutis. Sporis elliptico-lanceolatis, hyalinis ('012 x '003 mm.).
On leaves of Cerasus serotina. (Rav., 3108.) S. Carolina. Glaeosporium Hamamelidis, Cooke in Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 511.
Amphigenum. Maculis suborbicularibus, (1 cm. lat.) atro- fuligineis, hinc illic pertusis. Sporis subellipticis, obtusis, rectis, vel leniter curvulis, hyalinis, ('01 x '0025-'003 mtn.).
On leaves of Hamamelis Virginica. (Rav., 2734.) S. Carolina. Glseosporium aceris, Cooke in Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 525.
Hypojdiyllum. Maculis irregularibus, cinereo-fuligineis, sparse pertusis. Sporis ('018 x '005 mm.), ellipticis, obtusis, rectis tlexuosisve, hyalinis.
On leaves of Acer rubrum. (Rav., 2731.) S. Carolina. HYPHOMYCETES.
Tubercularia ailanthi, Cooke in Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 288.
Atra, nitida, globosa, breriter stipitata, erumpens. Hyphis elon- gatis, tenuissimis, curvulis, ramulosis, compactis. Sporis cylin- draceis, obtusis ('01 X '001mm.) hyalinis.
On branches of Ailanthus glandulosa (Rav., 2283). S. Carolina.
NEW AMERICAN FUNGI.
27
Undoiibte(^ly the stroma of a Nectria, which siirroimded some of the pustules, but too immature for determination.
Oidium pulvinatum, Coohe in Bav, Amer. Fungi, Wo. 770.
Hypophylla. Fasciculae gregariae maculas indeterminatas effor- mantes. Hyphis abbreviatis, simplicibus, continuis, in pulvinulos convexos congestis. Sporis ellipticis, hyalinis, concatenatis (’01 - '012 X ’005 mm.).
On green leaves of Cary a tomentosa (Rav., 3319). S. Carolina. Ramulaxia crypta, Cooke in Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 581.
Hypophylla, tomento foliorum tecta. Hyphis crassis, simpli- cibus, abbreviatis. Sporis cylindraceis, utrinque obtusis, rectis vel leniter curvulis, hyalinis ( 025-'03 X *006 mm.).
Oli leaves of Quercus falcata (Rav., 3125).
Trichothecium griseum, Cooke in Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 580. Pyricn- laria grisea, Sace. Midi, ii., 148.
On leaves of grasses (Rav., 2637).
Described as having the spores solitary at the apices of the threads, but, unless we are greatly mistaken, several grow together, as indicated by the short papillee at the apex of the thread. Botrytis elegantula, Cooke in Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 573.
Fusca, lanosa. Hyphis erectis, septatis, bi-tri-furcatis, apicibus ramulorum sporiferis, fuscis. Sporis subglobosis, in simul 2-3 (•005 X -0045 mm.).
On rotting grass (Rav., 2944). S. Carolina.
Botrytis nivosa, Cooke.
Nivosa, caespitosa. Hyphis tenuibus, abbreviatis, ramosis, sep- tatis, ramulis sursum fastigiato-divisis. Sporis ellipticis, hyalinis, (’004 X '002 mm.), ad apicem conglobatis.
On sweet potato. S. Carolina.
Botrytis sphagnorum, Cooke in Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 572. ■
Nivea, lanosa, caespitosa. Hyphis sterilibus elongatis, intertextis, furcatis, parce septatis, hyphis fertilibus abbreviatis, sursum bi-vel tri-dichotomis, ramulis fastigiatis, abbreviatis. Sporis subglobosis, minutis, paucis, hyalinis (’003 mm.j.
On Sphagnum (Rav., 2985).
Threads and spores about the same diameter.
Rhopalomyces cervinum, Cooke in Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 574.
Etfusum, indeterminatum, cervinum. Hyphis repentibus, ramulis assurgentibus, septatis, globoso-capitatis. Capitulis spicuHferis ('05 mm.). Sporis ellipticis, hyalinis, ad spiculis solitariis (*008 X •004 mm.).
On cow dung (Rav., 3142).
Bhinotrichum corticioides, Cooke in Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 575.
Effusum, compactum, pallidum, corticii-forme, demum fissuratum. Hyphis repentibus, ramosis ; ramulis assurgentibus, crassioribus, moniliformibus, constrictis, cellulis ultimis pennltimisque spiculosis, aurantio-fulvis. Sporis ellipticis, profusis, lasvibus, concoloribus, (•012-014 X •0065--007 mm.).
Oli charred pine logs (Rav., 2835). S. Carolina.
28
NEW AMERICAN FUNGI.
Myxormia hypospila, Cooke in Rav. Amer. Fungi, No, 556.
Hypopbylla, Hypospilam simulans. Receptaculis ellipticis, cinereis, stellato vel dentato-apertis, cupulgeformibus, disco nigro. Sporis concatenatis, ovalibus, byalinis (*005 X *003 mm.).
On leaves of Diospyros virginica (Rav., 2764).
Epicoccum maculatum, Coolce in Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 774,
Hypopbyllum. Maculis orbicularibus fuscis. Stroniaticis glo- boso-depressis (-06 mm. diam.). Sporis globosis, laevibus, fuscis, (•0065 mm. diam.).
On dead leaves (Rav., 3387). Darien, Georgia.
Seated on definite orbicular spots, so as to resemble a Sphceria at first sight.
Torula fusoidea, CooTce Rarlc.
Pulvinata, atra, pulverulenta. Sporis fusoideis, in catenas erectis simplicibus conjunctis, pallide fuligineis (-013 X ‘003 mm.).
On Gynerium argenteum (Harkness, 2136). California. Sporidesmium fumago, Coolie in Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 563, 564.
Epiphyllum, atrum, effusum, indeterminatum. Hypbis repen- tibus, nodulosis. Sporis sub-ellipticis, angulatis, difformibusque, cellulosis, quandoque 3-4 concatenatis, ad basim breviter stipitatis, atrofuscis (*02 X '015 mm.).
On leaves of Cratcegus (Rav., 2681). On pear (Rav., 3082). On Helianthus (Rav., 2622). On Euonymus (Rav., 2932). S. Carolina.
Very variable both in size and form, but the above appears to be the most highly developed condition.
Sporidesmium culmigenum, Cooke in Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 561.
Atrum, effusum, indeterminatum. Sporis breviter stipitatis, elliptico-globosis, angularibusque, concatenatis, cellulosis, atro- fuscis (‘03 X *02 mm.).
On Sorghum (Rav., 3001, 3004).
Spores less opaque than in S. polymorphum^ and larger than in- S. melanopum.
Sporidesmium herbarum, Cooke.
Atrum, effusum, indeterminatum. Sporis sessilibus, elongato- ellipticis, cellulosis, quandoque concatenatis, atris (*03 x '015 mm.).
On tomato stems (Rav., 2941).
Cells of spores rather large.
Sporidesmium ellipticum, Cooke in Rav. Ainer. Fungi, No. 562.
Atrum, circiter pustulas Diatrypeis conspersum. Sporis ellipticis, truncatis, multi-cellulosis, leniter constrictis, atris, quandoque 2-3 concatenatis (*05 X'03mm.).
Around pustules of Diatrype disciformis. On Alagnolia (Rav., 2904). S. Carolina.
Clasterisporium strumorum, Cooke. Sporidesmium strumorum, Cooke in Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 336.
Atrum, in strumas corticarum innascens. Hyphis tenuibus, repentibus, ramulosis. Sporis erectis, sessilibus, cylindraceis, multi-
NEW AMERICAN FUNGI.
29
septatis, constrictis, plerumque ad apicem hyalino-apiculatis (•1 X *01 mm.).
On living oak branches (Rav., 127). Florida.
Having the appearance of Dichcena strumorum. Helminthosporium paxvulum, Cooke in Rav, Amer. Fungi, No. 613.
Tenue effusum, atro-fuscum. Hyphis simplicibus, tenuissimis, septatis, erectis, flexuosis vel subrigidis (’OS-*! mm. long). Sporis inspersis, cylindricis, obtusis, 1-2 septatis, rectis, fuscis (*01-*017 X *0035 mm.).
On denudated branches. New England (5866). On Vaccinium arboreum (4806), and upon Gynerium argenteum. Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 613.
No feature present to distinguish the form on the grass from those growing on branches. A very thin and delicate species. Helminthospoxium asterinum, Cooke.
Maculgeforme, asteroideum, atrum. Floccis erectis, simplicibus, rigidulis, subflexuosis, septatis, fuscis(*006-*007 mm.diam.). Sporis obclavatis, superne rotundatis, deorsum truncatis, 7-8 septatis, fuscis (‘OO-’ll X •015-*017 mm.).
On Liquidamhcer. Florida, S. Carolina (1541).
There is not the slightest doubt that the specimens in Rav. Fung. Amer., No. 163, described in “ Grevillea,” vol. vi, p. 141, were quite immature, and that the description, as amended above, applies to the mature plant. Having now seen many gradations, we are convinced of the identity of the above. The peculiar habit remains the same, the chief difference is in the increase in size of the spores.
Helminthospozium lanceolatum, Cooke in Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 614.
Effusum, atrum. Hyphis simplicibus, erectis, flexuosis, pluri- septatis, subfasciculatis, atrofuscis. Sporis lanceolatis, sursum longe cuspidatis, hyalino-fuscis, deorsum truncatis, multiseptatis, (•1--15 X *008-*01 mm.).
On bark of Berchemia (Rav., 2910). S. Carolina.
Threads about half the diameter of those in Helm, caudatum. B. & C.
Helminthosporium minus, Schwz.
According to an authentic specimen this is only a dwarf variety of Helm, macrocarpum.
Helminthosporium dubium, Schwz.
No appreciable difference between this and Helm, caudatum, ' B. &. C., according to original specimen from Schweinitz. Helminthosporium brassicaecola, Schwz.
The only authentic specimen we have seen consists of the spores of Helm, foliculatum, Corda.
Helminthosporium crustosum, Schwz.
Has a compact crustaceous black stroma, from which arise short slender threads ; but no spores could be detected in the original specimen. It is probably a distinct species, in so far as the peculiar stroma is concerned.
30
NEW AMERICAN FUNGI.
Tziposporiuxn Ravenelii (Farlow), Coohe in Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 778.
Effusum, atrum, parasitaris (?). Hjphis algarum immixtum. Sporis triradiatis, septatis, fuscis, ad apicem hyalinis, inspersis (radiis ’012 mm. longis, biseptatis). Asterosporium Ravenelii, Farlow MS.
On bark of Platanus, mixed with alga threads (Rav., 3050).
Tzichaegum culmorum, Cooke.
Efi'usum, indeterminatum, atrofuscum. Hyphis fascienlatis, breviter septatis, simplicibus, fuscis. Sporis su%lobosis, radiato- septatis, atris, Igevibus (*02 mm. diam.).
On wheat straw (Dr. Harkness, 996). California.
Spores with 5-6 cells.
Cezcospoza Berkeley!, Coolie (Helminthosporium olivaceum, B, Sc C. North Amer. Fungi) Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 594; Helminthosporium PISTILLARE, Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 777.
Sporis clavato-attenuatis (•08-O2 X *005 mm.).
On leaves of Glediischiatriacanthos (PblY., 2701). Rav. North Amer. Fungi Exs., No. 594. S. Carolina.
On leaves of Teir anther a geniculata (Rav., 3360). Darien, Georgia. Cercospora nigricans, Coohe.
Epiphylla. Maculis effusis, irregularibus, atro-fuligineis. Hyphis fasciculatis, brevibus, fuscis. Sporis cylindraceis, vel superne leniter attenuatis, 3-5 septatis, hyalinis (*05-*06 X *002 mm.).
On leaves of Cassia ohtusifolia (Rav., 4023). S. Carolina. Cercospora phaseolorum, Coohe in Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 584.
Epiphylla. Maculis pallidis, vix determinatis. Hyphis fasci- culatis, abbreviatis, pallide fuligineis. Sporis subcylindricis, tere- ' tibus, 3-5 septatis, pallidis (•04--05 X -004 mm.).
On leaves of Phaseolus (Rav., 2692). S. Carolina.
Spores not half as long as in Cercospora olivascens, Sacc. Cercospora pustula, Coohe in Rav. Amer, Fungi, No. 779.
Hypophylla. Maculis orbicularibus, pustula^formibus, atrofuscis. Hyphis paucis, fasciculatis, fuscis. Sporis flexuosis, superne attenuatis, nucleatis (’07 x *003 mm.) hyalinis.
On leaves of Ampelopsis (Rav., 337.8). Darien, Georgia.
Cercospora Xanthoxyli, Coohe in Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 780.
Epiphylla. Maculis irregulariter ellipticis, pallidis, -determinatis. Hyphis brevissimis, dense fasciculatis, fuscis. Sporis cylindraceis, 1-3 septatis, hyalinis (-025-*03 X *003 mm.).
On leaves of Xanthoxylon Carolinense (Rav., 2362). Darien, Georgia.
Cercospora Chenopodii, Fresenius. Rav. N. Amer. Iungi, No. 591.
On stems of Chenopodimn (Rav., 2935). S. Carolina.
Cercospora moricola, Cooke in Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 587.
Hypophylla. Maculis orbicularibus, rubro-fuscis. Hyphis fasciculatis, abbreviatis, olivaceis. Sporis superne attenuatis 3-4 septatis, hyalinis (-07 X •003 mm.).
On leaves of AIo7'us (Rav., 2679). S. Carolina. Clevedon, England.
NEW AMERICAN FUNGI.
31
Cercospora crotonifolia, Cooke in Rar. Amer. Fungi, N’o. 593.
Epiphylla. Maculis orbicularibus, albidis ; by phis abbreviatis, vel obsoletis, subfasciculatis. Sporis cylindraceis, rectis, ob- tusiusculis, 1-3 septatis, hyalinis (-028-'04 X -003 mtn.).
On leaves of Croton glandulosum (Rav., 2697). S. Carolina. Cercospora gossypina, Cooke in Bav. Amer. Fungi, No. 583.
Epiphylla. Maculis effusis, indeterminatis, fuscis. Hyphis sub- fasciculatis, elongatis, flexuosis, fuscis (•12-‘15 mm.). Sporis elongatis, superne attenuatis, flexuosis, 5-7 septatis, hyalinis (*07-*l X *003 mm.).
On leaves of Gossyyium (Rav., 2699). S. Carolina.
Cercospora citrullina, Cooke in Rav. Ai7ier. Fungi, No. 589.
Epiphylla. Maculis orbicularibus, albidis, purpureo-cinctis. Hyphis elongatis, teretibus, pallide olivaceis. Sporis longissimis, superne attenuatis, parce septatis, hyalinis (^•12-’14 X '003 mm.).
On leaves of Water Melon (Rav., SlOlj. S. Carolina. Cercospora Diospyri, {Thunien). Cooke in Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 588.
Hypophylla. Maculis indeterminatis pallide fuligineis. Hyphis fasciculatis, flexuosis, olivaceis. Sporis obclavatis, 4-7 septatis, cellulis abbreviatis, ad dissepimentis constrictis, hyalinis (‘OS-'OdS X *004 mm.).
On leaves of Dwspyros 2659). S. Carolina.
Cercospora sparsa, Cooke in Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 590.
Hypophylla. Maculis indeterminatis, fuscis. Hyphis sparsis, abbreviatis. Sporis superne attenuatis, 2-3 septatis, hyalinis (•05--07 X-003 mm.).
On leaves oi Kahnia latifolia (Rav., 2743). S. Carolina. Cercospora copallina, Cooke in Rav. Avier. Fungi, iVc. 586.
Amphigena. Maculis suborbicularibus, rubrofuscis. Hyphis dense fasciculatis, fuscis, deorsum nigricantibus. Sporis cylindra- ceis, flexuosis, nucleatis, hyalinis (*035-’05 X *004 mm.).
On leaves of Rhus copallina (Rav., 2716). S. Carolina.
Quite different from Cercospora rhuina, C. & E.
Cladosporium pericarpium, Cooke in Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 597.
Effusum, atrum, velutinum. Hyphis intricatis, ramulosis, re- pentibus, septatis, ramulis assurgentibus, brevibus, fuscis. Sporis cylindraceis, obtusis, 1-3 septatis, ad dissepimentis constrictis, con- coloribus (-015--025 X *005 mm.).
On husks of walnut (Rav., 2998).
Cladosporium tuberum, Cooke in Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 600.
Effusum, atro-fuligineum. Hyphis adscendentibus, flexuosis, septatis, fuscis, deorsum obscurioribus. Sporis cylindraceis, 1-2 septatis, obtusis, nec constrictis, fuscis (*01--02 X -005 mm.).
On tubers of Batatas edulis (Rav., 2844). S. Carolina. Cladosporium epimyces, Cooke in Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 596.
Effusum, tenue, fuligineum. Hyphis repentibus, septatis, ramosis, ramulis erectis, teretibus, fuscis, superne pallidioribus. Sporis lan- ceolatis, uniseptatis, concoloribus, hyalinis ('015-'02 X *004 mm.).
On pileus of Agaricus melleus (Rav., 2761).
32
NEW AMERICAN FUNGI.
Cladosporium fulvum, CooJce in Rav. Amer. Fungi, iVb. 599.
Effusum, lanosum, fulvum. Hjphis erectis, flexuosis, septatis, nodulosis, parce ramosis, fulvis. Sporis ellipticis, uniseptatis, vix constrictis, pallide fulvis, hyalinis (*01-*02 X *0045 mm.).
On leaves of tornato (Rav.,3112).
Cladosporium lycoperdinum, CooTce in Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 595.
Effusum, fuscum, tenue. Hyphis sparsis, elongatis, flexuosis, septatis, hinc illic geniculatis, pallide fuscis. Sporis cyclindracei"*, 1-2 septatis, fusco -hyalinis (*01-*02 X *0035 mm.).
On Lycoperdon (Rav., 2794). S. Carolina.
Macrospoxium pyrorum, Coohe.
Effusum, atrum, indeterminatum. Hyphis subfasciculatis, erectis, flexuosis, parce septatis, fuscis. Sporis clavatis, stipitatis, superne rotundatis, vel apiculatis, multi-septatis, fuscis (*05-*l x *01-*015 mm.).
On leaves of pear (Rav., 2710). S. Carolina.
Ilflacxospoxium erumpens, CooTce in Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 605.
Maculaeforme, atris. Caespites erumpentibus. Hyphis abbre- viatis, flexuosis, fuligineis. Sporis obtuse clavatis, merenchyma- ticis, concoloribus. Stipite abbreviato (*07 X '017 mm.).
On dahlia stems (Rav., 2992). S. Carolina.
Little erumpent fascicles on broad black spots.
IVIacrospoxium bulbotrichum, CooJce in Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 604.
Effusum, fuscum, tenue. Hyphis sparsis, abbreviatis, flexuosis, nodulosis, ad basim bulbosis, fuscis. Sporis clavatis, merencby- maticis, concoloribus (*05-*06 x ’014- *02 mm.).
On Canna Indica (Rav., 2815). S. Carolina.
IMEacrosporium solani, Cke.
Epipbyllum. Maculis determinatis, pallidis, ellipticis, irregu- laribus, confluentibusve, circinato-striatis ; hyphis brevibus, vel obsoletis. Sporis clavatis, longe stipitatis, 4-6 septatis, pallide fulvis, (*06-*07 X stipite.)
On leaves of Datura stramonium, and tomato. S. Carolina (Rav., 3344, 3343).
Spores similar in this 2cYidiM.asclepiadeum,h\\i habit very different. In the present species seated on different spots, and very slightly coloured ; in the other forming black, effused, irregular patches. IVIacrosporium asclepiadeum. Cke.
Atrum, velutinum, eflusum, indeterminatum. Hyphis gracilibus, elongatis, septatis, pleurumque simplicibus, fuscis. Sporis clavatis, longe stipitatis, 5-7 septatis, hinc illic loculis divisis, pallide fuligi- neis, *06-*07 (sine stipite) X '01 mm.
Oli stems and leaves of Asclepias amplexicaulis. S. Carolina (Rav., 3333).
Sflacrospoxium tornato, Cooke in Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 603.
Orbiculare, atrum. Hyphis abbreviatis, robustis, flexuosis, sep- tatis. Sporis clavatis, superne leniter attenuatis, deorsum vix stipitatis, merenchymaticis, fuscis (*1-*12 x *02-*022 mm.).
On ripe tomatoes (Rav., 3099). S. Carolina.
NEW AMERICAN FUNGI.
83
IVIacrosporium caespituluxn, Coolce in Rav. Amer. Fwngi, No. G09.
Erumpens, fasciculatum. Hyphis in fasciculos densos congestis, flexuosis, septatis, fuscis. Sporis clavatis, breviter stipitatis, 5-7 septatis, bine illic transverse divisis, fuscis (‘Ob-’O? X *015 mm.).
On asparagus stems (Rav., 3095). S. Carolina.
Mystirosporum polytzichum, Coolse in Rav. Amer. Fungi., No. 610, 611.
Eff'usum, velutinum, atrum. Hyphis fasciculatis, erectis, flexu- osis, septatis, fuscis. Sporis terminalibus, clavatis, 4-7 septatis, merenchymaticis, concoloribus (•04-*05 X •012-*016 mm.).
On stems of dahlia, Solanum melongena^ Hibiscus esculentus, Cassia, Convolvulus, on leaves of Gladiolus, on fruit of rose apple, on capsules of Gossypium, and on legumes of Cassia occi- dentalis and Phaseolus (Rav., 2997, 2769, 2809, &c.). S. Carolina. Epochnium quadratum, Cooke in Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 773.
Hypophyllum, in maculis indeterminatis atris oriundum. Hyphis repentibus, ramosis, nodulosis, fuscis. Sporis quadratis, cellularum quatuor globosarum compositis (*02 mm. diam., cell *01 mm.).
On leaves of Fraxinus (Rav., 3388). Darien, Georgia. Epochnium botryoideum, Cooke.
Tenue efi'usum, atrum, indeterminatum. Hyphis repentibus, septatis, ramosis, fuscis. Sporis subellipticis (’04 x *015 mm.), cellularum plurimum globosarum compositis, fuscis.
On logs'(Rav., 4017). Darien, Georgia.
Fsilonia aterrima, Cooke.
Aterrima, lineato-maculata, erumpens. Hyphis erectis, rigidis, subulatis, parce septatis. Sporis ad basim immixtis, globosis, laevibus', atris (-008 mm. diam.).
On Gynerium argenteum (Rav., 3141).
Threads about *5 mm. long, and of the diameter of the spores at the base, attenuated upwards.
Camptoum cuspidatum, Cooke 4" Hark.
Atrum, in caespitibus hemisphe ricis congestum. Hyphis simpli- cibus, septatis, internodis collapsis, subhyalinis. Sporis lunatis, cuspidatis, fuscis (*03 X *009 mm.) inspersis.
On Scirpus (Harkness, 2071, 2085). California.
Stachybotrys sub-simplex, Cooke Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 775.
Efl’usum, atrum. Hyphis simplicibus, erectis, tenuibus, septatis, superne lobato-capitatis. Sporis globosis, laevibus, atrofuscis, (*006 mm. diam.).
On Musa (Rav., 3368). Darien, Georgia.
Sporocybe digitata, Cooke.
Sparsa, atra. Hyphis rigidis, erectis, septatis, superne breviter digitato-lobatis. Sporis globosis, Isevibus, atrofuscis (*009 mm. diam.
On sheaths of Zea mays (Rav., 3). Florida.
3
34
SACCARDO’S SYLLOGE FUNGORUM.
We are glad to announce the publication of the second volume of this work, but any detailed criticism can only result from a care- ful examination. We have no occasion to repeat our strictures on the system, and as for its application we seem to recognise deficiency in practical acquaintance with the Extra- European species, which has already been commented upon in this Journal.
The third volume is announced for next year, and will contain the Sphceropsidece, MeJanconiece and Hypliomycetece. We hope, on various grounds, that we shall have no primary divergence of opinion as to the basis of classification in these lower fungi, and shall be able to welcome the third volume with increased satisfac- tion. From an outline of the scheme in “ Michelia,” we gather what will be the aspect of the group called —
MICRONEME^,
which includes the Torulacece and the Sporidesmiacece.
I. Amerospor^, Sacc.
Conidia continuous, globose, ovoid, or oblong, dark coloured, a. Conidia catenulate.
1. Torula, Pers.
And here we would hope that some attempt will be made to separate such species as Torula hysterioides Corda, and one or two others, which are certainly aberrant forms of Tonda.
2. Heterobotrys, Sacc.
3. Hormiscium, Kunze.
j3. Conidia in glomerules.
4. Echinobotryum, Corda.
y. Conidia single.
5. Coniosporium, Link.
But wherefore not Conisporium as Link published it ? More- over we should have preferred the retention of Gymnosporium Corda, as better known, and less likely to cause confusion by a similarity of names.
II. Didymospor^, Sacc.
Conidia ovoid, or oblong, uniseptate, brown.
a. Conidia catenulate.
6. Bispora, Corda.
(3. Conidia single.
7. Dicoccum, Corda.
SACCARDO’S SYLLOGE FUNGORUM.
To this genus belongs Dicoccum diplodium, which is the Spori- desmium diplodium, Cooke.
III. Phragmospor^, Sacc.
Conidia 2 or more septate, elongated.
a. Conidia concatenate.
8. Septonema, Corda.
j3. Conidia single,
9. Clasterispprium, Schweinitz.
This should not be Closterosporium, as written by Saccardo. There is no justification for thus altering an author’s name.
10. Bactrodesmium, Cooke (perhaps including Hymenopodium, Corda) for the reception of several species with clavate, multi- septate, but not muriform spores, hitherto united with Sporidesmium ; such as S. abruptum, B. & Br. spilomeum, B. & Br., &c.
11. Ceratophorum, Sacc.
12. Gyroceras, Corda.
13. Ceratosporium, Schweinitz.
This has priority of Hirudinaria, Ces., and to it should be re- ferred Sporidesmium digitatum, Cooke.
14. Stigmina, Sacc. ,
We do not trace Polydesmus, D.R. & M., in this arrangement.
lY. Dictyospor^, Sacc.
Conidia, globose or oblong, muriformly septate.
a. Conidia concatenate.
15. Sirodesmium, D.
We do not see Trimmat o stroma, Corda, recognized as distinct from Coniothecium. Part of Sporidesmium, indeed a large part, belong to this section instead of the next, as the conidia are normally concatenate.
/3. Conidia single.
16. Sporidesmium, Link, {not Sporodesmium).
17. Tetraploa, B. ^ Br.
18. Dictyosporium, Corda.
Speira, Corda.
We do not agree with placing this genus here, its affinities are with the Amerosporce.
19. Stigmella, Lev.
20. Coniothecium, Corda.
We have made these suggestions in advance, rather than have to urge them after the work is complete.
M. C. Cooke,
36
CLASSIFICATION OF THE UREDINES.
The Editor has said more than once that controversies upon matters mycological lead to no good; and, believing him to be right, I will only say that I have read carefully his remarks on p. 151. During the past summer I have been working at the physiology of the Uredines, and although I do not intend here to give the details of my experiments, I wish to point out —
(1) That the teleutospores of Uromyces poce, Rbh. which pre- viously had not been met with in Britain, have been found abundantly this year on Poce trivialis and P. pratensis wherever their grasses grow near ^cidium ficarise.
(2) That the ^cidium upon Ranunculus repens is connected with Uromyces poce^ and not, as was stated in my paper, with Uromyces dactylidis.
(3) That u^cidium rumicis is connected with Puccinia arun- dinacea ; and that the jEcidium has followed the infection with Puccinia Arundinacea spores upon Rumex obtusi/olius, crispus, hydrolapathrum and conglomeratus, and upon the common rhubarb.
(4) That up to the present time sowing the spores of P. arundinacea and P. SJ agnusiam on Rumex acetosa has with me produced no iEcidium.
(5) That as no Puccinia occurs on gooseberry leaves in this country it is clear jEcidium grossularice, as we find it, is not a Pucciniopsis, but is probably a heteroecismal species.
Charles B. Plowright.
7, King Street, King’s Lynn,
Aug. 15, 1883.
NEW BRITISH FUNGI.
By M. C. Cooke.
Folypozus (SHezisma) umbellatus, Fr. ffym. Eur. 537-
Very much branched, between fibrous and fleshy, rather tough ; pilei very numerous, entire, umbilicate ; stems elongated, distinct, coalescing at the base ; pores minute, white.
On stump. Epping ( J. English), July 19.
Cluster about 7 by 5 inches, but immature. A most inter- esting addition to the British Flora.
Raznulazia didyma, Ung. Exantli. (Didymaria Ungeri, jSacc. in
Michelia II., 360.)
On leaves of Ranunculus repens. Abridge, Essex, June 23, 1883.
Helminthospozium Bloxami, Cooke.
Thinly effused, black ; threads erect, rigid, opaque, thin, simple, or in a few instances furcate, .slightly swollen, almost bulbous at the base; spores terminal, elliptical-clavate, three-celled, brown, with a thin epispore (*025-*027 X ‘012--014 mm.).
On naked wood. Twy cross {Bloxam).
NEW BRITISH FUNGI.
37
Threads longer and rather more robust than in H. ohovatum ; septa just visible in the upper part of the thread, but concealed below; spores elliptical, three-celled, the lowest cell small, the other two nearly equal, rounded above.
Helminthospoirium tingens, Coohe.
Lignicolous. Thinly effused, black, tinging the matrix deeply of a purplish rose colour ; threads long, rigid, straight, simple, septate, with the cells abbreviated so as to be little longer than broad, brown ; spores mostly terminal, elliptical-clavate, 3 (rarely 4) septate, paler than the threads ; epispore thin (’03 x ‘01 mm.).
Chi rotten wood. Staunton.
Whether the stain of the wood is really due to the mould is difficult to determine, or whether, if so, it is a permanent charac- ter. The other features are, nevertheless, quite distinct enough to warrant its being recognised as a good species.
Cercospoira moricola. Cite, in Greillea xii., p, 30.
On mulberry leaves. Clevedon.
SOME EXOTIC FUNGI.
By M. C. Cooke.
We will commence this small and rather miscellaneous contribu- tion by reference to a Folyporusy of which we have not succeeded in finding a published diagnosis. We have therefore copied the description which accompanies the specimens in the Berkeley Herbarium.
Folypoxus (Mexisxna) anax, Berh.
Polyporus very much and intricately branched, the branches terminating in numerous frondose lobed pilei of various forms and sizes, imbricating and confluent, of a dusky grey, or lead colour, and somewhat downy or minutely fibrous above. The pores are white, varying in size and form, but mostly large and angular. The substance is coriaceous, brittle when dry. The smell is like that of mice, when it is in a dry state, but when moist almost in- odorous.
Found at the base of a dead stump, branching out from a thick single stem at the base, until at the top it formed a large head of branches and lobed pilei quite 16 inches in diameter. Ohio, U.S. Herb. Berk., No. 2458.
Spathulaxia velutipes, Cke. ^ Barlow.
Gregaria. Clavala spathulata, compressa, laevis, aurea. Margine subundulato. Stipite asquali, cavo, badio-velutino. Ascis clavatis, stipitatis. Sporidiis filiformibus, curvulis, flexuosis, hyalinis (*06 mm. long). Paraphysibus filiformibus.
In swampy ground, Shelburne, and Lake Willoughby, Vermont, U.S.A.
The stem is velvety throughout its length and bay-brown, by which it may readily be distinguished from S, flavida.
38 ' SOME EXOTIC FUNGI.
Ailographium lituxae, Cke.
Epiphyllum. Maculis orbicularibus, fuscis. Peritheciis lineari- bus, curvulis rectisve, atris, in maculis insidentibus ; labiis conni- ventibus. Ascis saccatis. Sporidiis biglobosis, uniseptatis, fuscis ('0075 X '0035 mm.).
On leaves of Quercus aquatica. Texas (Rav., 161 j.
Coxdyceps insignis. Cke. Eav.
Livido-purpurea. Stipite recto (3-4 cm.) pallido, sulcato, gequali, capitulo subgloboso, ovatove, e peritlieciis leniter asperulo. Peritheciis minimis, confertis, ovatis, ostiolo punctiformi, obscuriore. Ascis cylindraceis, longissimis ('6 mm,). Sporidiis filiformibus (*45 mm.) frustulis (*012 mm. long) dissilientibus.
Oil dead larvse buried in the ground. Seaboard of South Carolina, U.S. (Ravenel, 3251).
Somewhat resembling C. entomorrhiza, but larger and more robust. Stem about 4-5 mm. thick and longitudinally sulcate. Capitulum l^ cm. long, and 1. cm. broad, livid purple. In many respects reminding us of Cordyceps capitata.
Pleospoxa Paronychiae. Cke.
Epiphylla, sparsa. Peritheciis globosis, prominulis, papillatis, semi-immersis, minimis. Ascis clavatis ; sporidiis fusiformibus, centro constrictis, multiseptatis, muriformibusque, atrofuligineis, demum opacis (’03 x *01 mm.).
On fading leaves of Paronychia serpyllifolia. Luchon, France. The sporidia when mature are so dark and opaque that the septa are masked in the ascus ; they appear black and uniseptate ; in earlier conditions the septa are distinct.
Hendexsonia micxophylla. CJce.
Peritheciis membranaceis, fuscis, globoso-compressis, sparsis, semi-immersis, spoils cylindraceis-obtusis, rectis, triseptatis, pallide fuscis (’015 X ’0035^101.).
On fading leaves of Paronychia serpyllifolia. Luchon, France. (1827).
In company with a Pleospora and a Sphoerella. Helminthospoxium Mauxitanicum. Cke.
Effusum, lenue, sub-velutinum, atro-fuscum. Hyphis erectis, simplicibus, crassiusculis (-01 mm.), fuscis ; deorsum opacis, atris, sursum pallidiore, septatis. Sporis terminalibus, lateralibus, sparsisve, clavatis, pellucidis, pallide fuscis, demum 5-7 septatis (•05 X ‘018 mm.), episporio tenui.
On twigs and herbs. Mauritius.
The threads are thick and rigid, almost as in If. macrocarpuin, but the spores resemble those of If. apiculatum. The spore mem- brane is very thin, and the septa often indistinct.
Cexcospoxa Timoxensis. Cke.
Epiphylla. Maculis orbicularibus, brunneis. Hyphis brevissimis, hyalinis, subfasciculatis. Sporis linearibus, superne attenuatis, flexuosis, 3-4 septatis, hyalinis ('05 x *001 mm.).
On leaves of Ipomcea cymosa. Timorlaut. Dr. A. B. Meyer.
SOME EXOTIC FUNGI.
S9
Cercospora Froteaxum. Cooke.
Epiphylla vel ampbigena. Maculis orbicularibus, fuscis. Fasci- culis bjpborum dense congestis, ^erugineo-fuscescentibus, sporis magnitudine, vix septatis. Sporis cylindraceis, obtusis, 3-5 septatis, rectis, curvulis, flexuosisve, serugineis.
Var. Leucospermiw Sporis '05-'06 X *008 mm.
On Leucospernmm conocarpuiii (No. 1456).
Var. Iieucodendri. Maculis obscurioribus. Sporis byplisque minoribus pleumque 3 septates (-035 x ’007 mm.).
On Leucodendron argenteum (No. 1457). Cape of Good Hope. Me 0 wan.
CRYPTOGAMIC LITERATURE.
SiCARD, G. Histoire naturelle des Cbampignons comestibles et veneneux, 65 col. plates, 4o. Paris.
Zalewski, a. Tiber Sporenabsebnuring und Sporenabfallen bei den Pilzen, in “ Flora,*’ Nos. 15, 16, 17, 1883.
Muller, Dr. J. Licbenologiscbe Beitrage, xviii., in “ Flora,” Nos. 16, 17, 18, 1883.
Winter, Dr. Geo. Rabenborst’s Kryptogamen Flora ; Pilze. Part 12.
Roumeguere, C., and others. Various notes on Cryptogaraia, in “Revue Mycologique,” April and July, 1883.
WiTTROCK, Dr. V. B. Om snons ocb isens Flora.
ScHAARSCHMiDT, Dr. J. Fragmenta Pbycologiee Bosniaco-serbica3.
„ „ On Phlyctidiuni Haynaldii.
„ „ On Synedra ulna.
Stephani. Einige neue Lebermoose {Preissia Mexicana), “ Hedwigia,” No. 4, 1883.
OuDEMANS, Prof. A. C. Zwei neue Pilze, in “ Hedwigia,” No. 4, 1883.
Tuckerman, E. a new Ramalina, in “ Bull. Torr. Bot. Club,” April, 1883.
Thuemen, Baron. Mycotbeca Universalis. Cent, xxi, xxii.
Holmes, E. M. Algju Britannicae rariores exsiccatge. Fasc. i.
Muller, 0. Das Gesetz der Zelltbeilungsfolge von Melosira areolaria.
Berkeley, M. J., and Broome, C. E. Fungi of Brisbane, Australia, part 2, in “ Linn. Trans.,” ser. 2, t. ii.
Just, Dr. Botaniseber Jabresberiebt, for 1879, Vol. i., part 2; Vol. ii., part 3, 1880 ; Vol. i., Vol. ii., p. 1.
Thumen, F. v. Zur Kenntniss der auf der Scbwarzfobre vor- kommenden Pilze. Vienna, 1883.
Hartig. Der Wurzelpilz des Weinstockes. Berlin, 1883.
Braithwaite, Dr. R. British Moss Floia, part 7 ; Dicra- nacese, iii.
40
CRYPTOGAMIC LITERATURE.
Saccardo, P. A. Sylloge Fungorum. Pyrenomycetes, Vol. ii.
Carlyle, Dr. List of Fungi growing in the district around Carlisle. (Reprint).
Wharton, H. T. On Fungi as Food, “ Trans. Essex Field Club,” Vol. hi., part 7,
Smith, W. G. On Fairy Rings. Trans. Essex Field Club,” Vol. hi., part 7.
Peck, C. H. A New Fern 'Rw&t {^Cceoma cheilanthis) , in “ Bull. Torr. Bot. Club,” June, 1883.
OuDEMANs, C. A. Identity of Oidium monosporum^ West, Peronospora ohliqua, Cooke, and Ramularia obovata, Fckl., in “ Hedwigia,” June, 1883.
Saccardo, P. a. Fungi Italici, fasc. 33 to 36, plates 1281 to 1440.
Grove, W. B. Fungi of the Neighbourhood of Birmingham, “ Midland Naturalist,” July, 1883.
Grove, W. B. Nomad Fungi, reprint from “ Midland Naturalist.”
Crisp, Frank, and others. Summary of Current Literature, in “ Journ. Roy. Micro. Society,” June, 1883.
Balfour, Dr. J. B. Anniversary Address on Chlorophyll, in
Trans. Bot. Soc. Edin.,” Vol. xiv., part 3.
Stirton, Dr. J. Lichens from Newfoundland, in “ Trans. Bot. Soc. Edin.,” Vol. xiv., part 3.
Winter, Dr. G. Notiz iiber einige Pyrenomyceten. Uber einige Nordamericanische Pilze, in “ Hedwigia,” No. 5, 1883.
Gossel and Wendisch. Zeitschrift fur Pilzfreunde, Nos. 4, 5, 6, 1883.
Gore, Prof. J. H. On Tuckahoe or Indian Bread {Pachyma cocos), “ Smithsonian Report,” for 1881.
Murray, G. On the Outer Peridium in Broomeia, in “ Lin- nean Journal,” No. 128.
Brefeld, Dr. 0. Botanische untersuchungen uber Hefenpilze, part 5.
Bailey, W. W. Mosses, in “ American Naturalist,” June, 1883.
Winter, Dr. Geo. New North American Fungi, in “ Bul- letin Torrey. Bot. Club,” May, 1883.
Ellis, J. B. New North American Fungi, in “Bulletin Torrey Bot. Club,” May, 1883.
Gillet, C. Hymenomycetes, Planches Supplementaires, ser. 8.
Roy, John. List of Desmids found in Mull. “ Scottish Naturalist,” July, 1883.
Stevenson, Rev. J. Mycologia Scotica (continued), in “ Scot- tish Naturalist,” July, 1883.
Bucknall, C. Fungi of the Bristol District, part 6.
Kuhn, M. Ueber Farne and Charen von der Insel Socotra.
Farlow, W. G. Notes on some species in the 3rd and 11th cent, of Ellis’ N. A. Fungi.
Roumeguere, and others. Algues de France, cent, i.-iii.
No. 62.]
[December, 1883.
A QUAETEELY EECOED OF CEYPTOGAMIC BOTANY AND ITS LITEEATUEE.
NEW BKITISH FUNGI.
By M. C. Cooke.
(Continued from p. 37 J
Agaricus (Tricholoma) duracinus, Coolie.
Pileus flesLj, compact, firm, dry, smooth, shining, convex, broadly umbonate, cinereous, margin involute ; stem solid, attenu- ated upwards, striate below, reticulate squamose above, rather paler than the pileus ; flesh nearly white ; gills narrow, crowded, emarginate, arcuate, cinereous.
On the ground, under cedar. Kew Gardens, Oct., 1883.
Pileus 3 inches diam. Stern 3 inches long, inch thick at the base, nearly an inch at the apex. Fleshy disc nearly an inch thick. Gills little more than aline (scarcely one-eighth of an inch) broad. Upper part of the stem minutely squamose in a peculiar reticu- lated manner. Whole fungus cinereous and firm. Allied to Ag. tigrinus, Fr.
Agaricus (Mycena) leucogalus, Coohe.
Csespitose. Pileus membranaceous, campanulate, umbonate, sulcate to the middle, purple brown, paler at the margin, becoming black at the umbo, milk white, plentiful ; stem slender, a little thickened downwards, fistulose, of the same colour as the pileus, whitish tomentose at the base ; gills adnate, with a small decur- rent tooth, rather distant, connected by veins, cinereous.
On rotten stump. Kew Gardens, Oct. 9, 1883.
Pileus half an inch broad and high, not exceeding an inch. Stem 3 inches long, forming dense c^spitose tufts. Very similar in general appearance to Ag. pullatus, B. & Cke., but belonging to a different section. It could not be retained as a mere variety of Ag. galopus.
Cortinarius (Fhlegmacium) napus, Fr. Hym. Fur. 343.
Pileus fleshy, convex, then plane, smooth, glutinous, margin broken ; stem solid, equal, smooth, ascending from an obconic, oblique, marginate bulb, flesh-white ; gills emarginate, broad, rather distant, crisped, whitish, then dingy.,
In pine woods. Woolhope Foray, 1863.
4
42
NEW BRITISH FUNGI.
Cortinazius (Phlegmacium) puzpuzascens, var. sub-purpuz-
ascens, Fi’. Hym. E\ir, 346.
Pileus thinner than in the type form, slightly virgate, growing pale ; stem stuffed, nearly equal, white, with a bluish tinge ; bulb somewhat marginate ; gills cinnamon, and, as well as the flesh, becoming purple when bruised.
On the ground. Epping Forest, Oct., 188f3.
Coztinazius (Phlegmacium) fulmineus, Fr. Hym. Fur., 347.
Pileus compact, convex, then plane, viscid, marked with agglu- tinated scales, shining ; stem solid, stout, yellow, naked, with a white cortinate veil at the apex ; bulb broad, rooting ; gills rounded, crowded, at first pure yellow.
In shady woods. Ledbury.
Coztinazius (Phlegmacium) ozichalceus, Baisch.
Pileus fleshy, becoming flattened, smooth, with a viscid pellicle, disc rubiginous, cracking in scales, margin becoming livid ; stem solid, equal, fibrillose, yellowish, with a marginate bulb ; gills somewhat adnate, broad, sulphureous, becoming greenish.
Under trees. Lyndhurst, New Forest.
Coztinazius (Myxacium) azvinaceus, Fr. Hym. Eur. 354.
Pileus fleshy, soft, becoming plane, smooth, viscid, margin spreading ; stem tall, cylindrical, silky-viscid, white, then yel- lowish ; gills adnate, decurrent, broad, even, straw-coloured, then ochraceous.
In beech woods.
Coztinazius (Dezmocybe) miltinus, Fr. Hym. Eur. 369.
Pileus fleshy, thin, convex, bay-cinnamon, soon quite smooth and shining ; stem hollow, equally attenuated upwards, cinnamon, clad with reddish fibrils ; base thickened, white, tomentose ; gills adnate, narrow, plane, crowded, ferruginous.
In mixed woods. Ledbury.
Coztinazius (Dezmocybe) infucatus, Fr. Hym, Eur. 372.
Bright yellow. Pileus fleshy, convex, obtuse, silky when dry; stem solid, attenuated from the clavate base, fibrillose, paler, gills adnate, crowded, linear, fulvous then cinnamon. Flesh white.
On the ground. Haywood Forest, Hereford.
Lactarius sczobiculatus, Fr. Hym. Eur. 422.
Pileus fleshy, depressed, without zones, yellow, margin involute, villose, stem hollow, thick, scrobiculate spotted, gills thin, crowded, whitish, milk white then sulphury yellow.
On the ground. Near Bristol. (C. Bucknall.)
Lactazius capsicum, Schulz. Fr. Hym. Eur. 428.
Pileus compact, pulvinate, dry, chestnut colour, margin narrowly involute ; stem solid, firm, w’hitish, striate with brownish or red- dish fibrils, gills adnate-decurrent, rather crowded, tawny, approach- ing to orange ; milk white, acrid. — Kalch, Icon. Hung, t 26, f. 1.
On the ground. Dumfries {Rev. F. Stevenson.)
NEW BRITISH FUNGI.
43
Russula citrina, Gillet. Hym, Supp. 6.
Mild. Pileus fleshy, convex, more or less a little depressed in the middle, rather viscid when moist, smooth, a little wrinkled at the margin when old, of a bright citron yellow, ordinarily uniform, sometimes a little lighter at the margin, and occasionally also slightly tinted greenish (5-10 cent. diam). At length the centre of the pileus is discoloured and takes a pale ochraceous tint ; the epidermis is easily raised at the margin of the pileus. Gills white, slightly decurrent, bifurcate at the base, and occasionally also in the middle, broader at the marginal extremity, insensibly atten- uated towards the base. Stem solid white, striate, equal, or a little attenuated at the base, straight, or slightly flexuous ; flesh white, rather firm ; odour almost none; taste sweet, or very slightly acrid.
In mixed woods. Autumn.
Boletus aurantiporus, Kowse.
Pileus at first fulvous ferruginous then pale gilvous, pulvinate then expanded, viscid, at length squamulose about the margin ; stem equal, beautifully reticulated with yellow and red, tubes deeply decurrent, pores broad, angular, golden yellow then orange, taming red when bruised^ flesh becoming slightly reddish.
Under trees. Near Shere. {Rev. G. Sawyer.)
Pileus about 2 inches broad, stem 3 inches long.
Boletus granulatus, Fr. var. tenuipes.
Pileus gilvous, viscid, streaked with minute fibrils when dry, stem 3J inches long, attenuated at the base, yellow, becoming rufescent, pores adnate, with faint decurrent lines on the top of the stem, flesh under the pileus roseate pink.
On the ground. Monks’ Wood, Epping.
Intermediate between B. bovinus and B. granulatus, with some of the features of both, and not readily to be referred to either. The Kev. M. J. Berkeley considers that it approaches most to B. bovinus, but the pores are smaller, and the tubes are shortened as they approach the stem.
Feziza (Sepultaria) hybrida, Sow.
It must always remain a question of individual opinion as to what is really the Peziza brunnea A. and S. and the Peziza hybrida, Sow., and whether both are the same species. Kecently Mr. Cedric Bucknall has submitted to us specimens of a Peziza which, in our opinion, approximates most closely to the species of Sowerby of anything we had previously seen. It was found growing between paving stones in an area at Bristol. In size attaining three-quarters of an inch in diameter. The disc orange red, but not deep ; externally brown, claa with fascicles of rather rigid, straight-pointed hairs ( 2 x *008 mm.). Sporidia elliptic (’016 x '008 mm.). The nearest approach in the size of sporidia to this species is the P. umbrata, Fr. (Mycographia, fig. 137), but here all similarity ceases. The size is very much greater, the external hairs are fasciculate and straight as in P. gregaria^
44
NEW BRITISH FUNGI.
and not delicate, and flexiions as in P. umhrata. The habit and structure is that of the section Sepultaria, and not of Scutellinia. The figures given by Sowerby represent the species very well except that the disc is hardly so bright. All circumstances con- sidered, we feel satisfied that it is most probable this is really the missing species. How far this may be regarded as identical with the Peziza brunnea, A. and S., may after all remain doubtful ; we are prepared to accept it, meanwhile, as the Peziza hybrida of Sowerby.
Peziza (Sclezotinia) sclerotiorum, Lib.
It is to be regretted that by some error this species has been described over again in the Gardeners' Chronicle, under the name of Peziza postuma, Berk, and Wils. From a careful examination of fresh specimens, we can trace no difference.
Cenangium phaeospozuxn, CooJce.
Scattered, erumpent, clove-brown, about 1 mm. diam., shortly stipitate, externally rather delicately furfuraceous, attenuated down- wards into the darker stem, margin a little incurved, disc nearly of the same colour. Asci elongated clavate, sporidia uniseriate, smooth, clear brown (-012 X *008 mm.). Paraphyses thick, clavate, brown above.
On sycamore bark. Exeter (P. Parfitt').
Hypospila (Iiinospora) vibuzni, Bncknall.
Epiphylla, sparsa, nigricans. Pseudo-peritheciis convexis, subrugosis, folii innatis, prominentibus, astomis, suborbicularibus, cellulosis. Ascis cylindraceis, octosporis. Sporidiis stipatis, fili- formibus, hyalinis (’IGmm. long).
On dead leaves of Viburnum lantana, near Bristol (C. Pwc^waZ/).
Closely allied to Hypospila populina, Fr., and, in the arrange- ment of Saccardo, it would be placed with it in the section Ceutho- carpon of Linospora.
NOTES ON ALKALOIDS AND OTHER SUBSTANCES THAT HAVE BEEN EXTRACTED FROM FUNGI.
By Chas. G. Stewart.*
Chemical Laboratory, St. Thomas’s Hospital.
The chemistry of Fungi is by no means in a satisfactory state. Many of the existing statements are rendered doubtful by a bad identification of the species. It is also difficult to obtain a suffi- cient amount of raw material, and its perishable nature inter- poses another obstacle. Beyond this, the research itself is so difficult and expensive, and the question of profitable result is so remote to ordinary minds, that few qualified chemists have even ventured upon the task. This paper offers little that is original on
* Read at the Woolhope Club, Hereford, October 3rd, 1883.
NOTES ON ALKALOIDS AND OTHER SUBSTANCES.
45
the subject. I have only endeavoured to collect together such facts as were scattered in chemical literature, and to explain them as untechnically as was possible with due regard to exactness and truth. This must be my apology if to some I seem too elementary, and to others too abstruse.
Assuming that all plants are built up of cells, and that the essential parts of a cell are the cell-wall, and the cell contents (or protoplasm), we may assert that the cell-wall mainly consists of one of the varieties of cellulose, a colorless, tasteless substance insoluble in water, existing in three forms — Cellulose proper, as found in cotton ; paracellulose, existing in some roots and the epidermis of leaves ; and metacellulose or fungin, occurring in fungi and lichens. These are distinguished by different solubilities in ammoniated copper solution.
The cell-wall of fungi consists then of this metacellulose or fungin. They contain no lignin or woody fibre. All varieties of cellulose have the composition Cg Og, or a multiple of it.
The cell-contents, on the other hand, are very complex. Of course there is water, varying from 90 per cent., in fleshy species, to 9 per cent, in a woody Polyporus. Also essential to life is some variety of fibrin or albumen ; substances classed together under the name of “ albuminoids,” and distinguished by containing nitrogen as well as carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, by their complicated con- stitution, and the ready changes they undergo under the action of vital forces or of putrefaction. As these substances are especially valuable in food, the nutritive value is in great part indicated by the percentage of nitrogen. This percentage in fungi is very high, higher indeed in dried Agarics than in peas and beans, the next articles in this respect. As to the special kinds of albuminoids present in fungi, this has not been made out, but we know that they closely resemble the varieties found in animal food.
Mineral Salts, found as “ ash ” on burning, are also essential in food. The cells of fungi contain a large proportion. Analyses by Schlossberger and Popping show amounts of nitrogen varying from 7’2 per cent, in A. (Psalliota) arvensis, to 3‘2 in Cantharellus cibarius ; and an “ ash,” or mineral matter, varying from 19 '8 per cent, in Psalliota arvensis, to 3’0 in Polyporus fomentarius, all cal- culated on the dried plant.
Another class of substances containing nitrogen are “alkaloids,” or organic bases. These do not afford nutriment, but are cha- racterised by poisonous or medicinal action. They are generally present in very small quantities. We will defer their consideration for the present.
Starch and chlorophyll, two prominent constituents of other vegetals, are absent in fungi, but a near relative of the former, Myco-inulin, closely resembling the inulin found in Dahlia roots, &c., has been discovered in a kind of truffle, Elaphomyces granula- tus. It is a white, tasteless substance, soluble in hot water, and not blued by iodine. Its formula is Cg Og.
4G
NOTES ON ALKALOIDS AND OTHER SUBSTANCES.
The Sugars found in fungi are : —
1. Mannite, identical with that extracted from the manna of Fraxinus ornus and other kinds of Ash.
2. Mycose or Trehalose (formula the same as cane sugar, Ci2 H22 contained in ergot and other fungi, and in a peculiar variety of manna from the East. It is colorless, crystallizable, very sweet and soluble, and ferments with difficulty.
3. An uncrystallizable and easily fermentable sugar resembling honey or treacle (Isevulose).
Other obscure gummy substances are present, and are classed together as “ extractive matters.” They present little interest.
Oils and fats occur in most. Ergot contains 30 per cent., con- sisting of palmitin, olein, and possibly peculiar fatty acids.
The vegetable acids of fungi comprise citric, malic, fumaric, oxalic, agaricic, and others. Fumaric acid is closely related to malic, the acid of apples ; it occurs also in Chelidonium majus and Fumaria officinalis. Agaricic acid is a crystallized colorless body, discovered by Fleury (J. Pharm. [4] x, 202) in Boletus laricis and Polyporus officinalis. Hamlet and Plowright established the presence of oxalate of lime, or acid oxalate of potassium, in 30 species of Agaricus. In Fistulina hepatica they found 0*083 per cent, of free oxalic acid. See the “ Chemical Society’s Journal,” J 87 9, for other analyses by them. The “ fungic acid ” of Braconnot and earlier observers is a mixture of citric, malic, and phosphoric acids. Some fungi contain free acetic acid.
Various resins have been isolated, but are not well defined.
The coloring matters of fungi are often very characteristic, but are chemically still very obscure. Four yellow or orange matters have been made out, distinguished by giving, when viewed through the spectroscope, two absorption bands in the green or blue, differing in position. Phycoxanthine is yellow. Pezizaxanthine from Peziza aurantia is orange. There are also two relatives of the Xanthophyll or yellow coloring matter of leaves. All these are destroyed by light, but are not immediately altered by weak acids or alkalies.
A red coloring matter was extracted by Phipson from Agaricus violaceus.
From Polyporus purpuraceus occurring on oaks, and remarkable for turning violet with ammonia, Stahlschmidt (Liebig’s Annalen, clxxxvii, 177) extracted Polyporic acid^ formula Cg Og, constituting 43*5 per cent, of the dry fungus. It is an ochre- yellow powder, insoluble in water, but soluble with intense violet color in alkalies. It crystallizes from hot alcohol in small plates, having a bronzy lustre. The salts also crystallize. It belongs to the aromatic series, and is related to benzoic ac’d.
A section of Boleti, notably B. luridus, contain a yellow coloring matter, which turns blue on exposure to air. Phipson has asserted that this was a derivative of aniline. But neither aniline nor its salts have this property. Seeing that the Indigo plant and the
NOTES ON ALKALOIDS AND OTHER SUBSTANCES.
47
Woad (Isatis) contain a yellowish substance called Indig ogen, which is converted into Indigo-blue on exposure to air, I suggested some years ago that B. luridus contained this Indigogen. I ex- tracted about 2 lbs. of the fungus with alcohol, and obtained a brownish yellow extract becoming rapidly blue in air. But indigo is a very stable substance, which may be reduced by organic matter to colorless Indigo-white, and then again oxidized to Indigo-blue on exposure, and this transition may be effected any number of times. The pigment of Boletus, on the other hand, rapidly passes from yellow to blue, and from blue to brown ; while in the blue state it can be again reduced to yellow; but when it has once become brown it seems to be destroyed, as I could not by any means restore the blue color. Indigo gives in the spectroscope a very definite absorption band : in the blue matter of Boletus I could not detect any special band. The finally resulting brown matter was amorphous, acid, soluble in water and alcohol, and appeared very similar to the humus-like bodies extracted from peat, &c. It did not contain nitrogen. I could not, however, obtain the blue matter in a pure state on account of its rapid decomposition, but it certainly contains neither indigo nor aniline. It has been stated that B. cyanescens yields a brownish yellow pigment, turned deep- blue by sodium hypochlorite, and unaffected by weak alkalies or acids, and that similar reactions occur with B. luridus. Satanas, calopus, and variegatus. I found, however, that B. luridus was simply bleached, and not blued, by sodium hypochlorite, hlo cyanogen compound is present.
Now as to the Alkaloids, An alkaloid means literally a com- pound resembling an alkali. The alkalis are potash, soda, and ammonia ; they have the well-known effects of blueing vegetal reds, of forming salts with acids, of an acrid taste, a soapy feel and characteristic odors. Certain compact groups of carbon and hydrogen, which can pass entire from compound to compound, are thence called compound radicles. The alkali ammonia, then, being composed of one atom of nitrogen to three atoms of hydrogen, can have its hydrogen replaced by one or more of these compound radicles. So we form a “ compound ammonia,^* or “ amine.'’’ These “ amines” partake of the characters of the alkali ammonia, and hence are called alkaloids. They are generally colorless, alkaline in reaction, and form crystallizable salts by union with acids.
As a rule, they are powerful in their action on the system, hence the plants which contain notable quantities of them are either medicines, poisons, or perhaps condiments like pepper, or semi- medicinal foods like tea or coffee. For this reason their study is a most important feature of plant-chemistry.
From ammonia (NHg), by substituting the “ compound radicle ” methyl (CHg) for hydrogen, we get a volatile alkaloid tri-methyl- amine, a colorless liquid with a powerful fishy odor ; in fact it is the cause of the smell of decayed fish, and is extractible from herring-roes, from crayfish, and from other fishy sources. It is
48
NOTES ON ALKALOIDS AND OTHER SUBSTANCES.
also fonud in tlie flowers of Crataegus oxyacantlia, Crataegus monogyna, Pyrus aucuparia and communis, Chenopodium vulvaria, and in some odorous fungi, especially in Ergot of rye, and in putre- fying yeast. Probably Phallus impudicus and Clathrus cancellatus owe their odor to trimethylamine.
The formula of trimethylamine is N (CH3)3 or Cg Hg N. This group itself forms the nucleus of a series of alkaloids differing from one another by two atoms of hydrogen : —
Betaine, Cg Hg [N (CHg)3] Og or C5 NOg.
Muscarine, Cg Hg [N (CHg)g] (OH)g or C5 H^g NOg.
Amanitine, CgH^[N (CHg)g] (OH)g or C5 H^g NOg.
Betaine occurs in Beta vulgaris and Lycium barbarum, but has not yet been found in fungi.
Muscarine, C^ H^g NOg, was discovered by Schmeideberg about 1873. In the ‘‘ Chemische Centralblatt ” of 1876, p. 554, occurs his paper establishing its composition and artiflcial production. It occurs together with amanitine in Am. muscaria. The juice is evaporated, treated with alcohol, and then with lead acetate. After a long and complicated process the hydrochlorides of muscarine and amanitine are obtained, and are separated by pressing with paper, which absorbs the more deliquescent muscarine salt, and leaves the amanitine. The yield is verj small, as 2 lbs. of the alcoholic ex- tract (representing a very much larger quantity of the fungus, per- haps about 40 or 50 lbs.) gave only about ^ oz. of muscarine.
Muscarine forms a colorless inodorous syrup, crystallizing with great difficulty, easily soluble in water and alcohol, sparingly in chloroform, and not soluble in ether. It is strongly alkaline, forms crystallizable deliquescent salts, and is a strong narcotic, in some respects antagonistic to atropia. [Later researches show that this antagonism of physiological effect is not complete ; there are lateral actions of each poison which may make a combined dose of each more fatal than the same quantity of either separately, so that its action as an antidote must be carefully watched.] Mus- carine has not been obtained from any other natural source, but can be made artificially from amanitine.
Amanitine, Cg H^g NOg is identical with the animal bases choline and neurine. Its sources are : —
1. Am. muscaria, hence the name amanitine.
2. Bile, hence the name choline (Strecker).
3. Brain and nerve tissue, hence the name neurine.
4. From eggs and the milt of the salmon, &c.
5. It can be prepared artificially by a complicated process.
It is only of late years that the identity of these products has been proved. Amanitine is chemically called —
“ Trimethyloxethylammonium hydrate.”
It is a white crystalline substance similar to muscarine, but not so deliquescent, and not so poisonous.
By oxidizing agents, such as strong nitric acid, amanitine is con- verted into muscarine by the loss of two atoms of hydrogen. By
NOTES ON ALKALOIDS AND OTHER SUBSTANCES.
49
lieat both muscarine and amanitine yield triinethylamine. The passage from muscarine and amanitine to betaine has not yet been effected. The price of muscarine, either natural or artificial, is Is. per grain. 1 have not seen amanitine mentioned in a price list, except as choline orneurine.
The singular occurrences of amanitine (neurine or choline) are another link between fungi and the animal kingdom. The pro- duction of these bodies artificially is of great interest, as very few natural alkaloids have yet been artificially made ; and these suc- cesses lead us to hope that we may some day produce such medicinal alkaloids as quinine and morphia by chemical means at a cheaper rate.
Ido not know of any other alkaloids from fungi. I remember a paper by Phipson in the “ Chem. News ” about “ Agaricus violaceus” (Cortinarius ?), which professed to describe two new coloring matters and an alkaloid, but the information was very scanty. The processes are so tedious and costly. I myself tried to obtain an alkaloid from Boletus luridus, but failed. It requires about 1 cwt. of raw product to have any chance of success.
Sehni asserts that mildew and the larger fungi give off hydrogen and carbonic acid gas.
Taci (Comptes Kendus, Ixxvi, 505) gives the following analysis of Agaricus (Russula ?) foetens in percentages : — Water, 67 ; mannite, 0*6 ; fibrin (albuminoid matter), 4’ 6 ; gum, 1*5 ; fungin or cellulose, 20; fat, 0'68 ; ash, 5T3 ; with acids, coloring and odorous matters undetermined.
THE GENUS ANTHOSTOMA.
By M. C. Cooke.
The genus Anthostoma, as adopted by Saccardo in his “ Sylloge,” cannot be considered by any means satisfactory, from his own point of view. Judgingfrom the heterogeneous mass of species collected in it, one is led to fancy it a sort of “ refuge for the destitute,” into which all the phaeosporous species, not according with the other genera, might find a temporary home. Simple and composite forms almost jostle each other, and such strange companions as the jSphceria gastrina of Fries, the Haloiiia cubicularis of Fries, and some species of Nummularia consort together in the same domicile.
If the principle acceded to in other parts of the work, that com- posite should be kept apart from simple forms, then the second section of the genus must be taken by itself, with a few stragglers from the first section, with the generic name proposed by Nitschke of Fuckelia retained. Even with such a modification, there will be less symmetry in the genus than in the analogous one of Hy~ g)oxylon, for after all the ‘‘ idea ” of the genus appears to be, that it
50
THE GENUS ANTHOSTOMA.
corresponds with Ilypoxylon in habit and in fructification, but with membranaceous instead of carbonaceous perithecia. If it be correct to take such a view, then Sphceria gastrina, Fr., will be analogous to the pulvinate species of Hy poxy Ion, and Diatrype grandinia, B., to the resupinate species. Even as we have dissected the genus, it is open to strong objection, as the consequence of adopting an arti- ficial standard in the spore. Manifestly, if the species with a mem- branaceous perithecium are to be separated from those having a carbonaceous perithecium, then the other generic limits should correspond, unless it be contended that a feature held to be of generic value in one instance is inapplicable in the other. Corres- ponding to Daldinia, we have proposed our genus Sarcoxylon, and corresponding to Hypoxylon, we now proceed with Fuckelia, but, unless we are greatly mistaken, the genus Fuckelia, as represented by the subgenus of the same name, includes either more or less than its analogue Hypoxylon, by embracing Yalsioid forms, and excluding efiused Hypoxyloid forms, such as Diatrype grandinia, B. The only escape from such an anomalous position would have been in the separation and exclusion of all species which did not con- form to the habit of Hypoxylon. That is — having accepted the principle that the genus should include only species with simple coloured sporidia and membranaceous perithecia, the rest should follow on the same plan as adopted for species with simple coloured sporidia and carbonaceous perithecia. However we are not pre- pared to propose the details of any such arrangement, but shall endeavour to make the best of the present.
SAECOXYLON, Cke.
Stroma rather fleshy, pallid, or brightly coloured, subglobose, pulvinate, or depressed, perithecia submembranaceous, sporidia simple, coloured.
A. Sporoderm smooth.
1. Saxcoxylon compunctum, Jungh. 1231.
B. Sporoderm verrucose.
2. Sarcoxylon lycogaloides, 1342.
FUCKELIA, Nits.
In previous communications we have had occasion to commence with details of the measurements of the sporidia of species which had not previously been published, but in the present case this will be avoided, as we have no practical knowledge of the only species for which dimensions are not given.
Exclusions. — The following plants, for reasons already ex- pressed in previous communications, are excluded : —
1133. Anthostoma eterio {B. ^ Br.), wdiich is Hypoxylon eterio, B. & Br.
THE GENUS ANTH08T0MA.
51
1135. Anthostoma conostomum {Mont.). Fiom authentic specimen just examined this appears to be a genuine Hypoxylon (No. 52a.)
1137. Anthostoma hypophlaeum (^. ^ Rav.). This is Nummu- laria hypophlcea, B. & E. See “ Grevillea,” p. 8.
1140. Anthostoma rumpens (GooZ;^). Nummularia rum-
p)ens (Cke.). See “ Grevillea,” p. 8.
1141. Anthostoma Massare {De Not) is, according to authentic specimen, a good Hypoxijlon^ and must remain as Hypoxylon Mas- sares, De Not.
Additions.— The additions proposed are very few, because, not having this revision in view, no notes have been made, and not liaving “ fungus spores on the brain,” we have been content to classify and arrange specimens without any special reference to what we regarded as a specific rather than a generic character. It is just possible, should we find leisure to proceed any further, that amongst others of the old genera some species may be found which would be better localized in this genus, if indeed there is any valid reason for the genus at all.
We may observe in passing, and acknowledge with gratitude, that Prof. Saccardo has, in the Appendix to his last volume, kindly pointed out several typographical errors (p. xlii.) in our com- munications. We can only regret that we ai-e unable to reciprocate, and return the compliment, since, were we to do so, the list would occupy far more of our space than we can conveniently spare for such a purpose. W e nevertheless thank him for his benevolent intentions.
Fuckelia atirofusca, Berlc. Curt, in Herl. Berk., 9004.
Erumpens, pustulis minimis (vix J mm.), ellipticis, cortice mar- ginatis. Peritheciis inaequaliter in stromate atro depresso con- gestis. Ascis cylindricis, stipitatis, sporidiis ellipticis, fuscis (*013 X ‘007 mm.).
On bark of Rhus glabra. Virginia mountains, U.S.A. Fuckelia amplispora, Cooke.
Stromate diatrypoideo, pustulato, peridermio primo tecto, demum stellato-fissurato, prominulo (1-2 mm. diam.), peritheciis paucis, in singulo stromate, 4-6 monostichis, majusculis globosis, tenuibus. Ascis cylindricis, breviter stipitatis ; sporidiis uniserialibus ellip- ticis, utrinque obtusis, fuscis (*016 x *01 mm.).
On bark, probably Quercus. United States (75).
Fuckelia Caxteri, Berk, and Cooke in Herb. Berk.
Erumpens, hemisphaerica, demum libera, atra, composita (-J-l mm. diam.), stromate corticali primitus fusco velata, peritheciis tenuibus membranaceis, subglobosis immersis, vix papillatis. Ascis cylindraceis, substipitatis. Sporidiis ovalibus, atro-fuscis (*012 x •009 mm.).
On bark. Bombay {Dr. Garter).
52
THE GENUS ANTHOSTOMA.
Fuckelia I^oxsei, Berlc. d; Curt.
Hypoxylon Morsei, B. & C. 1441.
Hypoxylon Blakei, B. & C. 1343.
Not specifically distinct.
Fuckelia insidens {ScMuz, in Fr. Syst. Myc. ii., 422).
Effusa, stromate subrotundo, innato fusco-nigro, peritheciis emergentibus confertis, ovatis, flexuosis (nec carbonaceis) sub- papillatis. Ascis cylindricis. Sporidiis uniserialibus, ellipticis, pallide fuscis (*008 X *004 mm.).
On branches. United States.
Fructification from original specimen. “ ex. Herb. Schweinitz.”
Arrangement. — The arrangement adopted in the following list is merely a subdivision into three sections, the first of which in- cludes such species as would have been placed according to the Friesian system in Diatrype or Valsa ; the second contains species with an erumpent pulvinate stroma, analogous to what is seen in many species of Hypoxylon ; and thirdly, of species in which the distinct stroma is effused, as in other species of Hypoxylon, and such of Diatrype as D. stigma. It may fairly be urged that the first section should not legitimately be included, and in that we should concur, if the rule and practice in other and analogous genera is worth anything ; otherwise there is no reason why all Sphceriacei with simple brown sporidia should not be combined into one large genus, irrespective of their mode of growth or external appearance.
A. Stroma Diatrypoid.
1. Fuckelia Ellisii (Sacc.) 1146.
2. Fuckelia turgida (P.) 1128.
3. Fuckelia cercidicola {B. db C.) 1136.
4. Fuckelia dryophila (Curr.) 1149.
5. Fuckelia phaeosperma (Ellis) 5936.
6. Fuckelia denigrans (Curr.) 1148.
7. Fuckelia atrofusca B. d' C.
8. Fuckelia insidiosa (Crouan) 1139.
9. Fuckelia linosperma (Mont.) 1132.
10. Fuckelia teniospora (Sacc.) 1130.
11. Fuckelia adusta (Cke. db Pk.) 1142.
12. Fuckelia amplispora, Cooke.
13. Fuckelia amygdalina, Coolce. 1147.
14. Fuckelia Auerswaldii (Niessl.) 1138.
15. Fuckelia amaena, Nitschke. 1145.
16. Fuckelia aceris (Cke. ^ Ellis) 1423.
B. Stroma pulvinate.
17. Fuckelia microspora (Karst.) 1143.
18. Fuckelia gastrina (Fr.) 1129.
19. Fuckelia Plowrightii ( Niessl.) 1134.
20. Fuckelia Carteri, Berk, Cooke.
THE GENUS ANTHOSTOMA. 53
21. Fuckelia examinans {Berk.) 5247.
22. Fuckelia Moisei {B. ^ C.) 1343, 1441.
23. Fuckelia Rhenana {Fckl.) 1144.
24. Fuckelia diathrauston {Rehm.) 1385.
25. Fuckelia ostropoides {Rehm.) 1131.
C. Stroma effused.
26. Fuckelia decipiens {D.C.) 1126.
27- Fuckelia hiascens {Fr.) 1125.
28. Fuckelia insidens {Schw.)
29. Fuckelia gxandinia {B. C.) 1114.
Note. — F. decipiens and F. hiascens have the perithecia far too carbo- naceous to accord well with the other species. It is, in fact, doubtful if the distinction is a practicable one.
We take this opportunity of supplementing our revision of Hy- poxylon by the addition of a species which was accidentally omitted.
60* Hypoxylon polyp or oideum, Berk, in Herb.
Pulvinatum, convexo-applanatum, ochraceum, demum rufescens (1-2 cm.). Peritheciis minimis, numerosis, congestis, papillatis. Ascis cylindraceis. Sporidiis ellipticis, fuscis (•012--014 x '006 mm.).
On bark and wood. Kiver Binne, Tschaddi, Africa.
ILLUSTKATIONS OF BRITISH FUNGI.
The second volume of this work is now completed, and the first and second volumes can now be had, bound in cloth, with the plates arranged systematically in the order proposed in the Index.
This is a good opportunity for commencing to take the work by those who are not already doing so. The first two volumes include the section Leiicospori of the large genus Aga?dcus, and, it is hoped that the remainder of the genus will be completed in two volumes of a similar size, now commenced in parts, as before, of which from six to eight will be issued during the year.
PHYCOLOGIA MEDITERRANEA.
Under this title Professor F. Ardissone has just issued the first volume of a work which promises to be exceedingly useful to algalogists, as an Algal Flora of the Mediterranean Sea. This first volume, issued as a memoir by the “ Societa Crittogamologica Italiana,” is in large imperial octavo of 500 pages, and embraces the Florideje. Professor Ardissone is already well enough known by his contributions to the Algalogy of the Mediterranean to give authority to his work, and we doubt not it will be accepted generally with considerable satisfaction.
54
FUNGUS FORAYS, 1883.
The Cryptogamic Society of Scotland held its annual meeting this year at Dumfries, but with what success we have had no report. The time was rather early for Fungi, and consequently they were not numerous. Lactarius capsicum, Schulz, was one of the most noteworthy of the “ finds.”
The Essex Field Club met in Epping Forest for their annual Foray on the 29th of September, but the day proved anything but a pleasant one, and consequently, as the foray was to be confined to less than three hours, the results were not extraordinary. During the greater part of the afternoon a persistent downpour prevented outdoor investigations.
The Woolhope Field Club opened its week of meetings by the arrival of guests on the evening of October 1st, and excursions were planned for the four succeeding days. A detailed account was published in the Gardeners^ Chronicle for October 13th. The general impression was certainly that in the neighbourhood of Hereford, as well as in some other localities in Britain, the present was by no means a prolific year for fungi. From the North it has been reported that at one time the quantity observed was quite equal, if not above the average. In the New Forest this also seemed to be the case ; whilst in Cornwall the number was declared to be less than had been known for many years, and in many parts of the Eastern counties the same complaints were made. In War- wickshire, as far as we could judge, the number both of species and individuals was unusually small. In Epping Forest we have seen during the past Autumn fewer fungi than we have observed for many years. Hence we infer that although the general character of the year in England was unfavourable to the produc- tion of a good crop of fungi, there were in a few localities as many as are usually to be found in an excellent year. Fungi would seem to obey no law, or if they do, some law which is at present inex- plicable to us, since in one place they have been scarce, and in another plentiful, at the same time.
The character of the Fungus flora around Hereford seemed to be rather marked by the occurrence of numerous species of Corti- nariuSj and at the same time Epping Forest, which usually furnishes several species in considerable numbers, yielded this year only here and there a solitary specimen.
Of the species found around Hereford, the following is an ap- proximate list : —
Cortinarius (Phleg)
triumphans, Fr claricolor, Fr. sebaceus, Fr. varius, Fr.
Cort.
Cort.
Cort.
Cort.
Cort.
Cort.
cyanopus, Fr. anfractus, Fr. multiformis, Fr
J'UNGUS FORAYS, 1883.
55
|
Cortinarius (Phi eg) |
glaucopus, Fr. |
||
|
Cort. . |
calochrous, Fr. |
||
|
Cort. . |
fulgens, Fr. |
||
|
Cort. . |
fulmineus, Fr. |
||
|
Cortinarius (Myx.) |
elatior, Fr. |
||
|
Cort. . |
mucifluus, Fr. |
||
|
Cort. . |
Eiederi, Fr. |
||
|
Cortinarius |
(ino.)' |
albo-violaceus, Fr. |
|
|
Cort. . |
Bulliardi, Fr. |
||
|
Cort. . |
pholideus, Fr. |
||
|
Cortinarius |
(Derm.) |
ochroleucus, Fr. |
|
|
Cort. . |
caninus, Fr. |
||
|
Cort. . |
anomalus, Fr. |
||
|
Cort. , |
miltinus, Fr. |
||
|
Cort. . |
sanguineus, Fr. |
||
|
Cort. . |
cinnamomeus, Fr. |
||
|
Cort. . |
infucatus, Fr, |
||
|
Cortinarius |
(Tela.y |
bulbosus, Fr. |
|
|
Cort. . |
torvus, Fr. |
||
|
Cort. . |
scutulatus, Fr. ? |
||
|
Cort. . |
armillatus, Fr. |
||
|
Cort. . |
hinnuleus, Fr. |
||
|
Cort. . |
paleaceus, Fr. |
||
|
Cortinarius |
(Hydr.) |
subferrugineus, Fr |
|
|
Cort. . |
castaneus. Bull. |
||
|
Cort. . |
erythrinus, Fr. |
||
|
Cort. . |
decipiens, Fr. |
The above is certainly not a list to be despised for a single locality, during four days, of which, of course, some were rainy.
We cannot report so well of other genera, and know little of interest to be recorded.
The Hackney Microscopical and Natural History Society made a successful Saturday afternoon excursion on the Chingford side of Epping Forest on the 13th of October. A record was kept of up- wards of 100 species of Hymenomycetes seen and determined, many of which of course were common species. Amongst the rarities was a very peculiar variety of Boletus, somewhat intermediate be- tween B. granulosus and B. hovinus, and scarcely referable to either, which has been called B. granulatus, var. tenuipes. Besides this was Ag. {Pleurotus) corticatus, Ag. (^Pholiota) terrigenus, and Ag. (^Amanita) spissus. Several specimens of Ag. {Clitocybe') cerussatus were found, and proving agreeable to the taste whilst raw, were cooked and eaten, thus adding another, and an excellent one, to the list of edible species.
The Hertfordshire Natural History Society held their annual Cryptogamic meeting at Watford on Saturday, the 27th October, when a considerable number of species were added to the county list of Fungi, the complaint of the residents being that there were “ fewer fungi in the woods this year than for many preceding
56
FUNGUS FORAYS, 1883.
years.” Perliaps the most interesting specimens found were some very large Ag. {Amanita) excelsus, and a cluster of Ag. {Hypho- loma) storea.
This completes our brief record of the Fungus Forays of 1883. No frost, in the neighbourhood of London, occurring till the 13th of November, the Fungus season has this year been prolonged later than usual.
ON THE LICHENS IN DR. WITHERING’S HERBARIUM.
By the Rev. J. M. Crombie, F.L.S.
Having recently been engaged in determining Dr. Withering’s lichens now in the Herbarium at Kew, I here record the results of my examination. The lichens were contained in a small cabinet, each drawer of which had numerous divisions in which the specimens were arranged according to the order of the “ Arrange- ment of British Plants ” (Edition hi.), of which they are illustra- tive. Amongst the specimens which it contains are many from Dickson, Relhan, Griffith, and not a few from Robert Brown. Those from Dickson are especially interesting and valuable in the absence of his Lichen-Herbarium, of which no trace can be found, though it is no doubt somewhere in existence. Though sometimes, as in all old Herbaria, several distinct species appear under the same name, yet in what follows, the lirst identification immediately after Withering’s own name, may, in most instances, be regarded as exclusively denoting the species, of which he gives his own short diagnosis.
A. Substance like powder.
Of the few species enumerated in this section there are no specimens, but they are evidently, as in other Herbaria, only leprarioid states of other lichens.
B. Crustaceous, granulated.
(1) With Black lines.
L. Tcvi^os>xis = Dichcena rugosa (Fr.), — (specimen from Dickson).
It. scriptus = Grap/izs scripta (Ach.), — (specimen from Relhan) and = Graphis dendritica (Ach.), — (specimen from Dickson).
Var. 2. — (?) Hypoxylum fuscum, Fr., as it appears, but without spores, — (specimen from Griffith).
(2) With Tubercles.
It. fa,^XTievi^ = Pertnsaria amara (Ach.), sterile, and P. gr/oJzz/z/z'ra f. discoidea (T. & B.), — (specimens from Dickson).
Var. 2. — Phlyctis agelcea (Ach.), — (specimen from Dick- son, s.n. Lichen carpineus).
It. l>etulinus. Of this there is no specimen, but it is evidently some young state of a PerUisaria.
ON THE LICHENS IN DR. WITHERING’s HERBARIUM.
57
L. \?i.ctexis = Pertusarialaclea (Seiner.), — (specimen from Dick- son : sterile) .
L. ^txo-dilbvis = Lecidea aglcea (Smrmft.), — (specimen from Griffith), and= L^cawora ccesiocinerea Nyl., — (specimen on flint from Isle of Wight.)
Var. 2.^Lecidea decolorans var. granulosa (Whlnb.), — (specimen from Rellian, on peat earth).
Xi. simplex = Zecawora simplex (Dav.), — (specimen on slate from Griffith).
Ii. calcareus calcarea (Ach.), — (specimen from Relhan) sendi—Lecidea rimosa (Deks.), — (specimen from Griffith), 2indi—Lecidea contigua Fr., — (specimen from Dickson).
L. im.jxi%xsvis=Lecidea calcivora (Ehrh.), — (specimen from Dickson) imdi=Verrucaria calcivora Nyl , — (specimen from Relhan).
L. sanguinarius = sanguinaria (L.), — (specimen from
Dickson, corticole). Cfr. Bot. Arr. Ed. 3, iv., pp. 6,7.
It. ^x^xiifoxxais> = Lecidea myriocarpa (DC.), — (specimens from R. Brown) ; probably not Dickson’s plant.
Ii. oculatus = oculata (Deks.), — (a saxicole frag-
mentary specimen from Dickson, with the papillae but little evolute and sterile)^
L. xaxis>coxvita = Lecidea muscorum (Sw.), — (specimens from
Relhan and Dickson), 2iHdi=Lecidea milliaria Fr., — (specimens from Griffith).
L. •;^i\viidixis = Lecidea contigua Yy. minor, ‘‘ apotheciis convexis,” — (specimens from Griffith and Davies).
L. gelasinatus, t. xxxi., f. l.=Sphinctrina turhinata (Pers.), — (specimen from Griffith, evidently the plant intended), 2iYidi=Lecidea parasitica (Flk.), — (specimen also from Griffith).
L. c\nex?iScexi%=Lecidea speirea (Ach.), — (specimen from Griffith).
Var. '2.=Lecanora glaucoma (Hffm.), with Arthonia varians ‘(Dav.), and having the margin of the apothecia subcrenulated, — (specimen from Griffith).
L. cQxifiviexis =Lecidea conjluens (Ach.). Of vars. 2 and 3 there are no specimens.
Var. A:.=Lecidea fusco-atra (Ach.), — (specimen from
Griffith).
Var. h.—Lecidea grisella (Flk.),— (specimen from Griffith).
Var. Q.=Lecanora hadia{A.c\\.'), — (specimen from Griffith).
L. canescens = canescens (Deks.), — (specimens from
Dickson, Griffith, and also from Relhan s.n. Lichen incanus).
L . caexuleo-nigxicans = Lichen vescicularis ( Hffm.) , — ( specimens from Dickson, Hort. Sic. 24 and from Relhan).
5
58
ON THE LICHENS IN DR. WITHERINO’s HERBARIUM.
L. nigei = Pannula? ia nigra(U.nds.), — (specimens from Griffith). Along with these are other specimens from Griffith and Dickson = Pannularia triptophylla (Ach.), sterile.
L. fvisoo-diXex = Lecidea enteroleuca (Ach.), — (muricole, at Edgbaston) and=iecf<im parasema, Ach. (corticole, at Enville).
Var. 2. Of this there is no specimen.
L. = Lecidea declinans f. ochromela (Ach.), — (specimen
from Dcks. Hort. Sic. n. 24), smd=Lecanora Dicksoni (Ach.), — (specimen from R. Brown).
L. queirneus = quemea (Dcks.), — (specimens from
Griffith).
L. geographicus = geographica (L.), — (specimens from
Griffith, sufficiently typical).
L. sulphureus sulphurea (Hffm.), — (specimens from
Dickson, Turner and Griffith).
L. flavo-virescens = Z6cf(iea citrmella (Ach.), — (specimen from Dickson).
Var. 2.=f. alpina (Schger.), — (specimen from Griffith with young apothecia).
L. atro-virens = i^C2<^m geographica var. atrovirens (L.), — (specimen from Griffith).
L. rupicola = Z^cano?*a glaucoma (Hffm.), — (specimens from Dickson and Griffith),
L. compositus t. xxxi., f. 2=Lecanora glaucoma (Hffm.) with Arthonia varians (Dav.) parasitical, — (specimen from Griffith). Witli regard to L. cinerascens^ L. riipicola, L. compositus and L. varians, cfr. Griffith’s remarks in Bot. Arr. Ed. 3, iv., p 8.
L. f\na.^iform.is=Bceomyces rufus f. rupestris (Pers.), — (specimen from Robson) and 2d?>o=Onygena equina (Pers.), — (specimen from Relhan).
1*. xviivis=B(Bomyces rufus (Hiids.), — (specimens from Hudson and Relhan).
L. exicetoxxx.m.—Bceomyces roseus (Pers.),— (specimen from Robson, with paler apothecia, whence Withering describes them as flesh- colour).
L. calvus = irruhata (Ach.) f. caA-a (Dcks.), — (speci-
men from Dickson).
j^,'vexna\is = Lecidea luteola {Ach.), — (specimens from Dickson and at Edgbaston), and also==L^’ca?mra luteoalha (Turn.), — (speci- mens from Griffith and at Edgbaston).
Var. 2 = Lecanora irruhata (Ach.), — (specimen from Griffith, saxicole).
L. icmadophilus = icmadophilus (Ehrh.), — (specimens
from Dickson and Relhan).
L. sphaeroides = LmcZda sphceroides (Dcks.), — (specimens from Dickson and Griffith).
ON THE LICHENS IN DR. WITHERING S HERBARIUM.
59
L. fia.voxvLbescens = Lecanora aurantiaca (Lglift.), — (specimen from Dickson).
L. Pertusaria communis (DC.), — (specimen from Mr.
Knapp, Malvern Hills).
L. ventosus =Zeca7iora ventosa (L.), — (specimens from Dcks. Hort. Sic. 23, and from E. Brown).
L. coocinevis =Lecanora hcematomma (Ehrli.), — (specimens from Dcks. Hort. Sic. 24, and from R. Brown).
(3) With Saucers.
L. cox^\liTxxis = Pertusaria dealhata (Ach.), — (specimen from Dickson, fertile), and also fragments of var. corallina (L.), (pro- bably also from Dickson).
Is. V?ixe\\viB = Lecanora parelia (L.), — (corticole specimens from Dcks. Hort. Sic. 23), and (saxicole specimens, Saltash Ferry).
L. crenulatus = i^cawora umhrina * crenulata (Dcks.), — (speci- mens from Dickson).
L. candicans = Deca?iora ( Placodium) candicans (Dcks), — (specimen from Griffith).
L. -wdixi2LnB = Arthonia varians (Dav.), — (specimen from Davies).
L. 2itex = Lecanora atra (Ach.), — (saxicole specimens from Dick- son and at Rowdley Hill), and also corticole specimens from = Lecanora atra and Lecanora chlarona with Splioeria epi- cymatia, Wallr.
L. subimbricatus = circinata ^ subimhricata (Relh.),
(* Lecanora subcircinata Nyl ) — (specimens from Relh an and Dickson).
L. concentricus = Lec/fZea concentrica (Dav.), — (specimen from Griffith).
L. punctatus. Of this there is no specimen.
L. scruposus = scruposa (Ach.), — (specimen from
Relhan s.n. Lichen excavatus'), and also = var. bryophila, (Ach.), — (specimens from Dickson and Griffith).
Var. 2. Of this there is no specimen.
L. frustulosus = A6c«wom frustulosa (Dcks.), — (a fragmentary specimen from Dickson, not well evolute).
L. atrocinereus = atrocinerea — (specimen from
Dickson), and 2X^0 Lecanora (Placodium) chalybceum (Duf.), — (specimen from Robson).
L. gibbosus. Of this there is no specimen.
L. Dicksoni. Of this there is no specimen.
L. pruinatus. Of this there is no specimen.
L. corneus t. xxxi., f. ^ = Lecidea cornea (With.), — (three speci- mens from Griffith). This is the Lecidea tricolor (With.), of authors, but erroneously, vid infra.
60 ON THE LICHENS IN DR. WITHERING’s HERBARIUM.
L. pallidus = Zecc/??c>m intumescens (Kebent), — (specimen from Dcks. Hort. Sic. 23).
L. subfuscus= iecawora Parisiensis (Nyl.), — (a corticole speci- men from Dickson).
L. lacustxis t. xxxi., f. 4<=Lecanora lacustris (With.), — (speci- men from Griffith).
Ii. pallescens = subcarnea (Ach.), — (specimen from
T>ickson), Sind = Lecanora par el la (Jj.), — (specimen from Relhan), — si\so = Lecano?^a chlarona (Ach.), — (specimen from Griffith).
L. pezizoides = Pa/mM/a?'m nebulosa (Hffm.), — (specimens from Relhan and Griffith) .
L. hypnorum =A6CG?mra (PsorcmaJ hypnorum (Hffm.), — (speci- men from Dickson), sdso = Pannaria brunnea (Sw.), — (specimens from Griffith and R. Brown).
L. frigidus = tartarea var. frigida (L.), — (specimens
from Dickson, Griffith, and R. Brown).
L. cupularis = P^7’^wsan'a carneopallida (Nyk), — (corticole
specimen from Griffith), sind = Lecidea cupularis (Ehrh.), — (saxi- cole specimen from Griffith). The former of these is evidently the plant intended.
L. crenularius t. xxxi., f. Lecanora ferruginea f. crenularia (With.), — (specimens from Griffith and Isle of Wight).
L. exanthematicus = Dec? f/ea exanthematica (Sw.), — (specimen from Griffith), and also another from s>Sin\2=Lecidea cupularis (young state).
L. marmoreus = cupularis (Ehrh.), — (specimens from
Dickson and Griffith, that from the latter being s.n. Lichen tricolor on stone).
L. tricolor t. xxxi., f. 6= Lecidea querceti — (specimen from
Griffith, original and that depicted in tab., bearing on the label “ nondescript.”) Along with it another specimen from Griffith s.n. tricolor = Lecidea carneola, (Ach.), with Hysterium pulicare, Pers., on the same piece of bark, which very singularly was regarded by him as an old state of the plant, cfr. Bot. Arr. Ed. 3, iv., p. 23.
L. tartareus = Zecnnora tartarea (L.), — (specimens from Dickson and Griffith).
L. fusco-luteus = P^c/(/<?a fuscolutea (Dcks.), — (specimens from Dcks. Hort. Sic. 25*, and from R. Brown, who rightly observes that “ Dickson’s account of the scutellm is not accurate ”).
Ii. cetixiMs = Lecanora (Ehrh.), — (specimens from Griffith
and at Edgbaston Park).
L. quadricolor=Amt?ea decolorans (Elk.), — (specimen from Dickson).
1m. vL-psAliensis — Lecanoi'a tartarea var. frigida (L.), — (speci- men from Dickson, concerning which Griffith observes — “ Is this distinct from the specimens in division 70?” i.e., Lichen frigidus.
ON THE LICHENS IN DR. WITHERING S HERBARIUM.
61
Upsaliensis of the older British authors is only a more spinulose state of frigida).
L. byssinus. Of this there is no specimen.
L. fidi\ic2LJxs= Lecanora ( Placodium) murorum var. dissidens, Nyl., — (specimens from Dickson s.n. Lichen flavescens).
L. luteus = lutea (Dcks.), — (a fragmentary specimen
from Dickson).
L. xiva.o^vis = Lecidea rimosa (Dcks.), — specimen from Dickson.
(4) With both Tubercles and Saucers.
L. Psora = P/iy5cza ccesia (Hffm.), — (specimens from Griffith; fertile).
la. = Lecanora ( Placopsis) gelida (L.), — (specimens
from Griffith, R. Brown, and Dcks. Hort. Sic. 25j.
L. decipiens = decipiens (Ehrh.), — (specimens from
Dcks. Hort. Sic. 25, from Relhan s n. Lichen stellatus and others from Portugal).
L. ienXi^etvis = T^ecanora (Squamaria) lentigera (Webr.), — (specimens from Dickson, Belhan, and from Portugal).
L. candelarius = XccG/mra citiina (Ach.), — (specimen from Griffith), and=Zec«?zor« vitellina (Ehrh.), — (fragmentary speci- men from Relhan).
C. Crustaceous, tiled, spreading, fixed.
L. leucophaeus = syncumista (Flk.), — (specimen from
Griffith ; no doubt also Dickson's plant).
L. obscurus = aquila (Ach.), — (specimens from Griffith
and from Dickson, also Hort. Sic. 25).
L. luridus lurida (Sw.), — (specimens from Griffith,
fertile, and from R. Brown sterile).
L. multifidus incurva (Pers.), — (specimen from
Dickson with young apothecia).
la. cartilagineus=S'5'?mwa?’m crassa (Huds.), — (specimens from Relhan, Robson, and Dickson, also Hort. Sic. 24).
L. vavixdi\isz=zzLecanora( Squamaria ) saxicola (Poll.), — (specimens from Dickson, Relhan, and Griffith).
D. Somewhat crustaceous, leaf-lihe, tiled, loose.
L. fahlunensis=P/flt?/s??m Fahlunense (L.), (specimen from Dickson), 2indi=Platysma commixtum (Nyl.),— (specimens from R. Brown and Griffith ; also Dcks. Hort. Sic., 23).
!•. squamatus=PecGno7’a cervina (Pers.), — (specimen from Griffith, and evidently the plant intended), and d['&o=Lecidea lurida (Sw.), — (specimens from Dcks. Hort. Sic. 25).
L. ci\iditxis=Physcia ulothrix (x\ch.), — (saxicole specimen from Dickson) .
62
ON THE LICHENS IN DR. WITHERINg’s HERBARIUM.
L. sty^iyis=Parmelia stygia (L.), — (sterile specimen from Dick- son), and also “ Parmelia alpicola Fr. fil, — (specimens from Dcks. Hort. Sic. 25^).
L. stellaris = (^Physcia stellaris (L.), — (specimens from Rellian, Dickson, and at Edgbaston Park).
Var. 2 = Physcia pulverulenta (Schreb.), — (specimen from Griffith).
Var. Physcia pulverulenta var. venusta , — (speci-
men from Edgbaston Park).
Yar. A,=Physcia ulotlirix — (specimen from Griffith).
L. tiliaceus = Pame/?’a tiliacea (Hffm.), — (a small fertile speci- men from Dickson).
"L. = Platysma diffusum (Webr.), — (specimen from Dcks.
Hort. Sic. 23).
L. vltysoiies = Parmelia p^liysodes (L.), typical, — (a fertile speci- men from Dickson, also one from Portugal).
L. cexitxifvL^vLB = Parmelia conspersa (Ehrh.), — (a fertile speci- men from Dickson).
L. carnosus = /a carnosa (Dcks.), — (fertile specimens
from Dickson).
Ii. saxatilis = saxatilis (L.), typical, — (specimens from
Dickson, one of which is fertile).
Var. 2. Of this there is no specimen.
L. fulvus. Of this there is no specimen.
1^, ova.'^li^\odies> = Parmelia omphalodes (L.), — (fertile specimens from Relhan).
L. parietinus = P%scm parietina (L.) typical,— (specimens from Dickson and Relhan).
L. marginalis = Collema melcenum, (Ach)., f. (Huds.), —
(specimen from Relhan), and = (7. melcenum typical, — (specimen from Dickson), d\.s>o = Collema multipartitum (Sm.), — (specimen from Griffith).
L. olivaceus = Pam<?Zm exasperata (Ach.), — (fertile specimens from Dickson), Parmelia Delisei (Dub.), — (specimen from
Griffith).
Vars. 2 and 3. Of these there are no specimens.
E. Somewhat crustaceous, cup-hearing .
L. foliaceus = G/ucZowm alcicornis (Lghft.), — (specimen from Relhan).
Var. 2. Of this there is no specimen.
L. pyxidatus = pyxidata (L.), f. simplex (Roth.), —
(sterile specimens).
Vars. 2, 3, and 4. Of these there are no specimens.
(To he continued.)
63
SPIROGYKA ORTHOSPIRA, Nag.
This interesting species is described at p. 87 of Fresh Water Algse,” and at that time it was stated that it had only been found in Ireland. We have now to record its occurrence in a pool at Fairsted, Essex, where it was collected by Mr. E. G. Varenne, on the 2nd June, 1883, with the mature zygospores.
CRYPTOGAMIC LITERATURE.
Ardissone, Prof. F. Phycologia Mediterranea, parti. Floridee. 1883.
Marquand, E. D. The Desmids and Diatoms of West Cornwall.
Holmes, E. M. Rhodymenia palnietta, var. Nicaeensis, in “ Jonrn. Bot.,” Bond., Oct., 1883.
Joshua, W. Notes on British Desmidieae, No. 2, in “ Journ. Bot.,” Bond., Oct., 1883.
Boswell, H. On Campylopus brevifolius, in “ Journ. Bot.” Bond., Oct., 1883.
Gyula, Dr. S. Nemely Chlorosporeak Vegetativ Alakvaltoza- sairol,in “Magyar Noven. Lap.,” Oct., 1883.
Cooke, M. C. Address to Hackney Nat. Hist. Society, in Sixth Annual Report.
WiTTROCK, V., and Nordstedt, 0. Algae Aquae dulcis Exsic- catae. fasc. xi., xii.. Diagnoses in “ Botaniska Noticer,” No. 4, 1883.
Husnot, T., and others. Notes on Bryology, in “ Revue Bryo- logique,” No. 5, 1883.
Gyula, Dr. S. Tanulmanyok a Magyarhoni Desmidiaceakol. “Trans. Acad. Sci.,” Budapest.
Farlow, Dr. W, G. Notes on some Species in 3rd and 11th Cents, of Ellis’s “North American PMngi.”
Richter, P. Manipulation von Susswasser Algen, in “ Hed- wigia,” July, 1883.
Saccardo, P. a., and Malbranche, A. Fungi Gallici, series 5.
Cleve, Prof. On Diatoms collected during the Arctic Expedi- tion of Sir Geo. Nares. “Journ. Linn. Soc.,” No. 129.
OuELET, Dr. L. Quelques especes critiques ou nouvelles de la Flore Mycologique de France.
Morgan, A. P. The Mycologic Flora of Miami Valley, Ohio, parts 1, 2, 3.
Cooke, M. C. On Biological Analogies, in “Journ. Quekett Micr. Club,” Oct., 1883.
Peck, C. H. 33rd and 34tli Reports of the State Museum of Natural History, Albany, N.Y.
Forssell, K. B. J. Studier of Cephalodierna.*** K. Svenska Yaet-Akad. Handl.
Gossel and Wendlish. Zeitschrift fur Pilzkunde, parts 7, 8.
Ellis, J. B., and Everhart, B. M. New Species of Fungi, in “ Bull. Torr. Bot. Club,” July, Aug., Sept., 1883.
Peck, C. H. New Species of Fungi, in “ Bull. Torr. Bot. Club,” July, 1883.
64
CRYPTOGAMIC LITERATURE.
Lagerheim, G. Bidrag till Sveriges Algflora.
Hitchcock, R. Development of Pleurococcus, in ‘‘ Amer. Mon. Micr. Joiirn,,’' Oct., 1883.
PiccoNE, A. Appendice al Bibliographia Algologica Italiana, in “ Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital.,” Oct., 1883.
Farlow, W. G., Dr. Notes on some Ustilaginese of the United States, in “ Botanical Gazette,” Aug., 1883.
Arthur, J. C. Descriptions of Iowa Uromyces. Bull. Min- nesota Acad. Nat. Sci.,” Vol. ii.
Crisp, F., and others. Summary of Researches in the Crypto- gamia, &c., in “ Journ. Roy. Micr. Soc.,” Oct., 1883.
Neubner, E. Kenntnis der Calicieen, in “Flora,” July 1, 11, 1883.
Muller, Dr. J. Lichenologische Beitrage, in “ Flora,” July 1, 11, 21 ; Aug. 1, 1883.
Reinsch, P. Algae in Russian Coal. “ Flora,” July 21 ; Aug. 1, 11, 1883.
Warnstorf, C. Die Torfmooze des v. Flotowschen Herbarium, in “Flora,” Aug. 21, 1883.
Hoffman, H. On Torrubia cinerea, f. brachiata, in “Flora,” Aug. 21, 1883.
Winter, Dr. Geo. Ueber einige nordamerikanische Pilze, in “Hedwigia,” Sept., 1883.
Oudemanns, C. a. j. Coryneum gummiparum, in “ Hed- wigia,” Sept., 1883.
Oudemanns, C. A. J. On Coryneum Beyerinckii and Discella Ulmi, in “Hedwigia,” Aug., 1883.
Saccardo, P. a., and Roumeguere, C. Reliquiie Libertianje, ser. 3., in “ Revue Mycologique,” Oct., 1883.
Feuilleaubois, M. Remarques sur le Phallus impudicus, in “Revue Mycologique,” Oct., 1883.
Roumeguere, C. Peronospora de la Vigne dans le Sud-Ouest et le Sud. “Revue Myc.,” Oct., 1883.
Schulzer de Muggenburg, Capt. Le Morchella rimosipes et le Polyporus Sarrazini, in “ Revue Myc.,” Oct., 1883.
Cooke, M. C. Woolhope Fungus Foray, in “ Gardener’s Chronicle,” Oct. 13, 1883.
Trail, J. W. H. Heteroecism in the Uredines, in “ Scottish Naturalist,” for Oct., 1883.
Stevenson, Rev. Jno. Mycologia Scotica, in “ Scottish Natu- ralist,” for Oct., 1883.
Cooke, M. C. British Fresh-water Algae, part 6, Ulotrichace^, Chaetophoraceae.
Cooke, M. C. Illustrations of British Fungi, parts 17, 18, and Index.
Cooke, M. C. Illustrations of British Fungi, Yols. i. and ii., cloth. Agaricus (Leucospori).
Cooke, M. C. Australian Fungi enumerated, (reprinted from “ Grevillea”).
No. 63.]
[March, 1884.
A QUARTERLY RECORD OF CRYPTOGAMIC BOTANY AND ITS LITERATURE.
NEW BRITISH FUNGI.
{Continued from p. 44.)
The following species are enumerated in a communication by- Messrs. Berkeley and Broome to the “ Annals of Natural His- tory,” for Dec., 1883 : —
Agaricus (Lepiota) licmophozus, B. ^ Br. Linn. Jonrn. xi., p. 500, Iiepiota flammula, Gillet. Bymen. France.
Description is given in the Reprint of the “ Handbook,” at the end of this number.
Agaricus (Lepiota) illinitus, Fr. Hym. Fur. 39.
Penzance (J. Ralfs). Description also as above.
Agazicus (Tzicholoma) ozeinus, FI. Syst. Myc. p. 52. Coohe Ulus.
t. 2m.
Agazicus (Tzicholoma) atzocinezeus, Pers. Syn. 348. Coohe Ulus, t. 52a. Grevillea viii., p. 73.
Agazicus (Clitocybe) cyanophaeus, Fr. Hym. Fur, 82, var. Fengellei,
B. Br. Cooke Ulus. t. 264.
Pileus compact, convex, then plane, obtuse, smooth, fuscous, be- coming blue ; stem solid, smooth, attenuated from the base, when young bluish, apex abruptly white ; gills very decurrent, crowded, violet, becoming pallid.
In woods. Cornwall.
“ It is possible that this form may be specifically distinct ; but though it differs so much from the figure given by Gonnerman and Rabenhorst, the characters answer so well to those which are given in Hym. Eur. that we do not at present consider it distinct. It occurred on two occasions ; the abrupt white apex of the stem is very remarkable.” — B. ^ Br.
Agazicus (Clitocybe) zivulosus, Pers. 8yn. 369. var. neptuneus,
Batsch. f. 115. Cooke Ulus. t. 2005, vide Grevillea vii.,y?. 127.
On dry mountain pastures near the sea.
Agazicus (Collybia) cedematopus, Schceff. t. 259.
“ The specimens were in a very early stage, and the identification requires confirmation.”
6
66 KEW BRITISH FUNGI.
Agaxicus (Collybia) ozes, Ft. Hym. Eur. 125.
Strong scented. Pileus rather fleshy, campanulate, then plane, umbonate, nahed^ smooth, hygroplianous, margin striate, stem medul- late then Jishdose, finely striate, slender, fragile, somewhat flexuous, apex mealy ; gills adfixed, crowded, cinereous, then sooty-olive.
On pine leaves.
Pileus 1 in. and more, when moist cinereous-fuscous, when dry pale clay-coloured. Stem 2^-4 in. long, 1 line thick.
Agaricus (Mycena) metatus, Fr. Hym. Eur. Grevillea iv., 168. Coolie Ulus. t. 238.
Agaxicus (Bflycena) pullatus, Berh. Cooke Ulus, t. 237. Grevillea
XI., 69.
Penzance. “ A distinct species.”
Agaxicus (Omphalia) telmatiaeus, Berk, & Cooke Ulus. t. 240. Ag. affxicatus, Berk, (not Fries.)
On Sphagnum.
Agaxicus (Pleuxotus) acexinus, Fr. Hym. Eur.Ylh. Grevilleaxi., 155. Cooke Ulus. t. 291.
On ash, near Morpeth.
Agaxicus (Pleuxotus) limpidus, I'r. Hym. Eur. 177. Grevillea x., 149. Cooke. t. 276J.
On decaying wood. Penzance.
Agaxicus (Pleuxotus) hypnophilus, Fr. Hym. Eur. 181. Cooke Handbook, No. 135. lllus. t. 212c.
On moss.
Agaxicus (Leptonia) aspxellus, Fr. Hym. Eur. 205. Cooke Handbook,
No. 280.
Amongst grass. Coed Coch.
Agaxicus (Eccilia) gxiseo-xubellus, Fr. Hym. Eur. 212.
Pileus membranaceous, deeply umbilicate, at length plane, striate, hygroplianous, umber then hoary, stem fistulose, smooth, paler ; gills slightly decurrent, rather distant, pallid, then flesh-coloured.
In pine woods.
Stem 2 in. long. Pileus 1 in. and more broad.
Agaxicus (Hebeloma) magnimamma, Fr, Hym. Eur. 243.
Pileus with a fleshy disc, extended in a mammiform umbo, con- vexo-plane, naked, brick-red, growing pale, stem obsoletely fistu- lose, equal, smooth, naked, pale gilvous ; gills obtusely adnate, crowded, pallid, then ferruginous.
On the ground, amongst grass.
Circumference of the pileus thin, not hygroplianous.
Agaxicus (Galexa) tenex, Schcef. var. pubescens, Fr.
According to Fries this is A. pilosellus, Pers.
Agaxicus (Tubaxia) stagninus, Fr. Hym. Eur. 273.'
Pileus submembranaceous, conical, then convex, obtuse, rather viscid and striate when moist, ferruginous-bay, when dry even, subochraceous, furnished about the margin with fioccose, concentric white scales, stem fistulose, rubiginous-brown, gills decurrent, very broad, ferruginous.
In marshy ground. Sibbertoft. A dwarf form, about the size of A. inquilinus.
NEW BlilTISH FUNGI.
67
Agaricus (Crepidotus) applanatus, Pers. Ohs. t.b.f. 3.
Pileus rather -fleshy, soft, fragile, plane, reniform, or wedge- shaped, whitish^ ending behind in a very short ivhite tomentose stem; gills determinate^ crowded, linear; whitish, then pale cin- namon.— Fr, Hym. Eur. 275.
On decaying wood. Penzance.
Agaricus (Crepidotus) haustellaris, Fr, Hym, Fur. 276. CooTcq Handbook No. 354.
With the last.
Agaricus (Crepidotus) Ralfsii, B. & Hr. Ann. Nat. Hist. (1883), p. 372, No. 2008.
Pileus semi-reflexed, yellow, delicately hispid or chaffy, margin involute, flat, fixed by cottony flocci, stem obsolete, gills ventricose, clay-coloured, margin whitish.
On decaying wood. Penzance.
Agaricus (Psilocybe) subericaeus, hr. Icon. No. 367, t. 136, f. 2. = A. clivularum, Letell.
Pileus rather fleshy, convex, then plane, even, smooth, tawny ; stem fistulose, smooth, becoming yellowish, gills sinuate, adnexed, broad, pallid, then blackish.
In fields, near Chester.
Stem l|-2 in. Pileus 2 in. broad or more.
Ag. clivularum, Letell, is referred by Fries to his Ag. ericceus, but it is clearly rather his Ag. suberic(Bus.”
Agaricus (Psathyra) conopileus, Fr. Hym. Eur. 304. Cooke Hand- hook, No. 422.
“ In various places amongst grass, and in garden borders, vary ing when fresh in the depth of the brown tint. Near Peterborough it occurred last year with a distinct bulb.” — B, 4’ Br.
Agaricus (Psathyra) glareosa, B. ^ Hr. Ann. Nat. Hist, 1883, p. 372,
No. 2011.
Pileus campanulate, obtuse or umbonate, grey, apex pallid chestnut, striate, floccose with shining atoms ; stem fistulose, invested with white fibrils, brown, gills broadly adnate, umber.
On gravelly soil, after wet weather. June.
“ Pileus ^ in. across, very minutely tomentose ; stem 1-2 in. high, 1 line thick ; gills broad behind. Spores black. Flesh brown, especially close to the gills.”
Agaricus (Psathyra) pellospermus, Bull. t. 561.
“We have certainly had this year the true plant of Bulliard, which seems to us distinct from A. corrugis.^’
Agaricus (Psalthyrella) crenatus, Fr. Hym. Eur., 315.
Pileus membranaceous, hemispherical, sulcate, atomate, hygro- phanous, margin crenaie, stem slightly curved, fragile, smooth, whitish, striate above, and mealy ; gills adnate, somewhat ventri- cose, from yellowish brown becoming black.
On grassy ground. Penzance.
Coprinus iloculosus, Fr. Hym. Eur. 315. Cooke Handbook, No. 461.
68
NEW BRITISH FUNGI.
Copiinus cothurnatus, Godey in Gillct, Planches, Sup., 3 series.
[We have as yet seen no published diagnosis of this species.] Penzance.
Stem about 2in. long ; pileus about lin. broad. Yellowish.
Cortinarius (Telamonia) scutulatus, Fr. Eym. Eur. 377. Grevillea
VIII. 77.
“ The form figured by Quelet, and not that by Fries in his ‘ leones.’ ”
Cortinarius (Telamonia) stemmatus, Fr. Eym. Eur. 385.
Pileus rather fleshy, convex, then plane, obtuse, bright hay, about the margin hoary silky, when dry becoming paler, fibrillose ; stem somewhat fistulose, floccose, squamose, and annulate, ferruginous bay ; gills adnate, crowded, bay-brown.
In moist woods. Lyne, Sussex.
“ The ringless form mentioned by Fries in the text.”
Cortinarius (Hygrocybe) germanus, Fr. Eym. Eur. 397.
Pileus almost membranaceous, conical, then expanded, obtusely umbonate, rather silky, fragile, even, brownish (clay-coloured) ; stem somewhat fistulose, thin, equal, smooth, lilac, then becoming pale, gills adnate, rather distant, broad, watery cinnamon.
In beech woods. Coed Coch.
Stem 3in. long, 1 line thick. Pileus lin.
Hygrophorus glutinifer, Fr. Eym. Eur. 408.
Pileus fleshy, convex, then expanded, with a glutinous pellicle, rufescent, disc rugose-punctate, stem stuffed, ventricose upwards, with a viscid veil, of the same colour, apex whitish squamulose, gills arched, decurrent, rather thick, white.
In woods. Penzance.
“ Probably the same with the little known Ag. aromaticus, Sow.” Hygrophorus vitellinus, Fr. Eym. Eur. 417.
Pileus membranaceous, disc rather fleshy, smooth, viscid, lemon- yellow, whitish when dry, margin plicate-striate, stem fistulose, fragile, pale yellow, gills decurrent, rather distant, egg yellow.
In fields, &c. Penzance.
Lactarius hysginus, Fr. Hym. Eur. 426. Cooke Eandhook, No. 590. Near Morpeth.
Lentinus lepideus, Fr. Eym. Eur. 481. Coohe Handbook, No. 684.
“ In an old hollow elm. The veil still adhering to the edge of the pileus. Specimens found before in this country have been on imported pine wood. The proper name is ‘ ‘ lepideus’ inaccurately.” — B. Br.
[We have had it, at least two or three times, on indigenous wood. — Ed. Grev.~\
Polyporus (Pleuropus) petaloides, Fr. Eym. Eur. 536.
Pileus somewhat membranaceous, spathulate, rugose, zoneless, chestnut-brown, flaccid when moist ; stem lateral, ascending, com- pressed, smooth, rootless, whitish, adnate by a dilated scutate base ; pores decurrent, very short, small, white.
NEW BRITISH FUNGI.
69
“ On an old stump. Sibbertoft. A very interesting addition to our mycology, and of great beauty.” — B. ^ Br.
Folypozus (Placodezxnei) fomentarius, var. pomaceus, Pers.
Syn. 531.
“ The common form on willow, which is very hard. Occurs also in Cornwall. This, however, is referred by Fries to P. igniarius, the true distinction of which species depends on the difference of the colour of the spores, which are dark and ferruginous, and not white as in P. igniarius and P. dryadeusP — B. ^ Br.
Folypozus (Inodezmei) gossypinus, Fr. Hym. Fur. 566.
White. Pileus coriaceous, effused and reflexed, flattened, tomen- tose, zoneless, substance white, pores at the first doedaleoid, then angular, pale cinerous, dissepiments thin, toothed. — Leveille Ann. Sci. Nat. 1843, 124.
On an old stump of Ulex. Sibbertoft.
“ Distinguished at once by its dasdaleoid pores. We hoped to get a large supply of specimens this year, but the same stump, which was accidentally trodden down, has produced instead P. fumosus in great abundance.” — B. ^ Br.
Folypozus (Resupinatus) Laestadii, Fr. Sr BerJt.
Substance white, pores bright lemon-yellow, hymenium here and there tuberculate. — Ann. Nat. Hist. 1883, p. 373, No. 2025.
On the underside of a deal board in a hothouse.
“ Colour bright persistent yellow, very beautiful. We have no doubt that our plant is what is mentioned by Fries (Hym. Eur. 575). It forms confluent patches many inches in length.” — B. ^ Br,
Hymenochaete zubiginosa, Lev. Stezeum zubiginosum, Fr. Hym.
Eur. 641.
On decaying wood.
“ A very different species from Stereum tahacinum.^'
Stezeum stzatosum, B. ^ Br. Ann. Nat. Hist. (1883), p. 374, No. 2027.
Effused, bright ochraceous white, smooth, becoming yellowish, here and there rugose, substance pallid, stratose ; the strata at length separating.
On bark. Penzance.
In addition, those authors propose a new genus for the reception of Aga?’icus (Clitocybe) laccatus and its allies, under the name of —
LAC CARIA, B.<^.Br,
Substance tough, hymenium confluent with the stem ; gills thick, powdered with the white globose spores.
“ This is clearly quite as distinct from the genus Agaricus as Pussula and Lactarius, and cannot with any justice be included in the sub-genus Clitocyhe. We have several very distinct forms from Ceylon, besides our own Ag. laccatus, Ag. bellus, and one or two continental species. The amethyst-coloured form usually referred to Ag. laccatus is probably distinct. We have long seen the necessity of this separation, but were unwilling to add to the numerous genera already seperated from Agaricus, with greater or less reason.” — B. 4' Br.
70
NEW BRITISH FUNGI.
The species which would come under the genus proposed by Messrs. Berkeley and Broome would be —
Laccaria laccata (Scoj?.)
Laccazia tortilis {Bolt.)
Laccaria amethystina {Bolt.)
Laccaria bella {Pers.)
Laccaria spodophora {B. Sf Br.)
Laccaria sublaccata {B. ^ Br.)
Laccaria porphyrodes {B. Br.)
Laccaria vinosofusca {B. Sj Br.)
ON THE LICHENS IN DK. WITHERING’S HERBARIUM.
By the Rev. J. M. Crombie, F.L.S.
( Concluded from p. 62.)
L. fimbriatus = (Hffm.), — (sterile specimens].
Vars. 2 and 3. Of these there are no specimens.
L. exsicilis = Cladonia gracilis [chordalis Elk.), — (sparingly fertile specimens).
L. xa.Aia.tus = *(^Cladonia fibula, var. radiata (Schreb.), — (sterile specimens).
L. ventricosus. Of this there is no specimen.
L. deformis. Of this there is no specimen.
L. ^\ifoxtais=Cladonia macilenta (Hffm.) i. filiformis, — (speci- men from Relhan, sparingly fertile).
Var. 2. Of this there is no specimen.
L. cocciiexvis = Cladoniacoccifera (L.), — (sterile specimens) and = Cl. Floerkeana (fertile specimens from Dartmoor).
L. cornutus = C/ac/oma macilenta, a state approaching to f. clavata (Ach.), — (specimen from Griffith) and = f. scolecina (Ach.), — (specimen from Edgbaston Park pales ; substerile).
L. digitatus = macilenta curonata (Ach.), — (speci-
men from Relhan). Along with this is Cl. squamosa (Hffm.), — (specimen from Dickson with dark-brown apothecia).
L. cornucopioides = G/acZoma coccifera f. cornucopioides (Ach), — (fertile specimens).
F. Somewhat crustaceous, Shruh-like,
L. siliquosus=i?amaZma cuspidata (Ach.), — (specimens from Dickson and H. Brown).
L. ^\obi£ex\xs = Sphcerophoron coralloides (Pers.), — (fertile speci- mens from Dickson and Griffith).
L. £xa.^ilis= Sphceroflioron compressum (Ach.), — (specimens from Dcks. Hort. Sic. 23).
ON THE LICHENS IN DR. WITHERINO’s HERBARIUM.
71
L. vermicnla,xis= Tha7nnoIia vermiculai'is (Sw.), — (specimens from Dickson and R. Brown).
L. rangifeirinus=(7/«c?ma rangiferina (L.), — (a fertile specimen), and along with it a specimen marked L. rangiferinus (alpestris)= Cl. sylvatica var. alpestris (L.) ; sterile.
Var. 2=Cladonia 2nmge7is, Flk. and f. foliosa^ Flk. (sterile specimens) .
L. subulatus=(7/ac/o?^^a furcata (subulata L.), — (a fertile
specimen) ,
'Roccella,= Eoccella tmct07'ia (DC.), — (a small specimen very sparingly fertile from Dickson, who rightly adds “ I fear not English”).
L. tristis=Pame//a t7'istis (Webr.), — (specimens from Relhan and Griffith, also from Dickson Hort. Sic. 25 s. n. Lichen 7'adiatus).
L.hispidus= aculeata f. hispida (Lghft.), — (specimens
from Relhan, Dickson and Griffith).
L. uncialis=G/a<io?im U7icialis (L.), — (a sterile specimen).
Var. 2=f. tu7'gesceus (Fr.), — (sterile, from Birmingham Heath) .
L. ’g^scYidi\is=Ste7'eocaulo7i co7'alloides (Fr.), — (specimens from Dcks. Hort. Sic. 24, sterile).
L. spinosus= G/atZowm fu7xata var. 7'acemosa f. spinosa (Lghft.), (sterile specimen from Dickson).
L. papillaria=P^cnoi^eZm 2)apilla7'ia (Ehrh.), — (sterile speci- men from Dickson, with very short podetia).
Jm» fuxcditsi=Cladonia fu7'cata var. 7^accmosa (Hffm.),— (fertile specimen from Dickson).
Var. 2=^Cl. 7'acemosa f. 7'ecu7'va (Hffm.), — (siibsterile speci- mens).
lt.vaxisoico\di=Leptogiu7n muscicola (Sw.), — (specimens from Dickson, fertile, and from Griffith, sterile).
G. SoTfneTJohat C7'ustaceous, Tlv^ead^like.
L. ochroleucus=.4/6c^orfa sar7ne7itosa , var. cincmnata (Fr.), — (specimen from R. Brown, s. n. L. ochroleucus who observes that “ no accurate account has yet been given of this remarkable plant ”).
ls,^vLb?itviB=Alect07dajuhata (prolixa, Ach.), — (sterile specimen from Griffith). Mr Gough’s specimen from the gallery of a copper m\\\Q={Ozoniu7n au7'eu77ij Fr.).
L. hirtus= hh'ta (h.), — (sterile specimens from Dickson)
also a specimen from Dartmoor=(7. ce7^atina^ (Ach.), (sterile).
L. chalybeifo*mis=A/ec^orza jubata var. chahjbeifoiDiis (L.)^ — (specimen from Dickson) diXid=Alectoria (Ach.),— (speci-
men from Griffith).
72
ON THE LICHENS IN DR. WITHERINO’s HERBARIUM.
ess,i\is=Ephehe pubescens (L.), — (specimens from Dickson, sterile, and from Griffith, one of which is fertile).
L.. l^vi^t\is=Alectoria hicolor (Ach.), — (specimen from Griffith) 2^xidi=Parmelia lanata, var. reticulata (Wulf.), — (specimen from Dickson).
l*.'gxi\ie&cen^=Parmelia lanata var. reticulata vM,), — (speci-
mens from E. Brown and Griffith). A specimen from Dickson=
Ephebe pubescens (L).
L. articulatus= JJsnea articulata (L.), — (specimen from Dickson).
Var. 2 barbatus=2i, state with the articulations more slender, — (specimen from Dickson, on the label of which it is called L. barbatus, Huds.).
L. va\^inxis= Physcia Jlavicans (Sw.), — (specimens from Dick- son s. n. A. vulpinus and from Griffith, one of which is the true Chlorea vulpina (L.), but not British).
L. plicatus — XJsnea dasypoga (Ach.), — (specimens from Dickson and Eelhan, sterile), while a specimen from Gough = JJ. ceratina, Ach.
It, Usnea florida {IjI), — (specimens from Griffith and
from Dcks. Hort. Sic. 25).
H. Herbaceous.
L. f?irivLdLcevis = Pamalina farinacea (L.), (a sterile specimen).
Var. 2 = phalerata, (Ach.) (sterile.)
Var. ^^Pamalina pollinaria (Westr.), sterile.
Ii. fucifoirinis = jRocc6//a fucijormis Ach., — (sterile specimen from Dickson).
Ii. pinastri = pinastri (Scop.), — (a specimen from
Dickson).
L. calicaris = calicaris, (Hffm.,) — (specimens from
Dickson ; fertile).
Var. 2 = Pamalina cuspidata (Ach.), and f. minor, Nyl., both sterile. /
L. endocarpon = p72fZocarjoo7^ hepaticum, (Ach.), — (specimen from Dickson), and f. trapeziforme (Zoega) — (specimen from E. Brown).
L. cxocditvLS = Stictina crocata (L.), — (specimens from Dcks. Hort. Sic. 24*).
L. 'grvixi2is,txi = Evernia prunastri (L.), — (fertile specimen from Dickson, who observes on the label “ not of any English author, it vTill be in my 4th fasc.,'’ also fertile specimen from Eelhan s. n. Lichen cornicidatus') .
Var. 2. Of this there is no specimen.
L. ^\^vicvis = Platysma glaucum (L.), — (sterile specimens from Dickson).
L. idiWdL'ss.^Platysma glaucinni. fallax (Webr.), — (a sterile speci- men from Dickson).
ON THE LICHENS IN DR. WITHERINg’s HERBARIUM.
73
L. Islandicus = Islandica (L.), — (specimens from Grif-
fith, sterile, from R. Brown, fertile, and one from Dickson = f. platyna, Ach., fertile).
2 = "^Cetraria crispa (Ach.), — (a sterile specimen from Relhan).
L. pulmonarius = pulmonaria (L.), — (fertile specimens
from Griffith and from the New Forest).
L. ciliaris = ciliaris (L.), — (specimens from Relhan,
Egbaston Park, and from Dicks. Hort. Sic. 24, all fertile).
Var. 2=f. verrucosa (Ach.). — (from Egbaston Park, “ plentiful.’’)
L. fvix£vix2icevi& = Evernia furfuracea (L.), — (specimens from Dickson, Relhan, and Robson, fertile, also on trees, Egbaston Park = f. Scobicina, Ach., sterile).
L. tenellus = stellaris* tenella (Scop.), — (a small speci-
men from Relhan, fertile).
L. frdiXi.irxevis = Ramalina fraxinea (L.), — (fertile specimens).
L. scopulorum = scopulorum (Retz.), — (fertile speci-
mens from Dickson).
L. Burgessii = Burgessii (Lghft.), — (specimens from
Dicks. Hort. Sic. 24).
L. glomuliferus= fffcasoZfa amplissima (Scop.), — (specimens from Dickson and Griffith).
L. laetevirens = Pfca5o/m Icetevirens (Lghft.), — (fertile speci- mens from Griffith, s. n. Lichen herbaceus, Huds).
L. caperatus = Pa7’we/f« caperata (L.), — (specimens from Dick- son, fertile, and from Relhan, sterile).
L. scrobiculatus = /Sifcima scrobiculata (Scop.), — (sterile speci- mens from Griffith and Dickson, the latter of whom observes that it is L. verrucosus, Huds.).
L. plumbeus = Goccocarjt9fa plumbea Pers., — (specimens from Griffith and from Dicks. Hort. Sic. 24, s. n. Lichen ccerulescens, and others from the latter, one of 'which. = Pannaria rubiginosa (Thunb.), while one from Griffith =P. rubiginosa, var. co- noplea, Ach.).
L. s2i\vixxiixivis = Leptogiuin saturninum (Dcks.), — (sterile speci- mens from Dickson and R. Browm, also one from the latter = Leptogium Hildenbrandii (Garov.).
L. xix^dL\is = Platysma nivale (L.), — (specimens from Dickson and R. Brown).
L. endivifolius = C/acfonm endivicefolia (Dcks.), — (specimens from Dcks. Hort. Sic. 24*).
L. ^xa^xiWdicevis = Platysma glaucum L ampullaceum Of this
there is no specimen, cfr. Bot. Arr. Ed. 3, iv., p. 61).
7
74 ON THE LICHENS IN DR. WITHERING’s HERBARIUM.
L. tenvLissimvi.s = Leptogium (Homodium) tenuissimum (Dcks.), — (specimen from Dickson, well fruited).
L. raera}ixtLixdLcevLs = Amphiloma lanuginosum (Ack.), — (sterile specimen from Dickson).
L. concolor =^Physcia lychnea (Acli.), — (fertile specimens from Dickson, corticole, and from Relhan, saxicole).
I. Root Central.
L. Jacquini. Of this there is no specimen.
L. torreisiCtvis = Gy rophora torrefacta (Lghft.), — specimens from Dickson and Relhan, the latter s. n. L. polyrhizos, Huds.).
1m. = GyropTiora prohoscidea (Ach.), — (fertile specimens
from Dickson and Griffith).
L. anthiracinus. Of this there is no specimen.
L. ’po\yxh.i'zoB=^ Gyrophora polyrliiza (L.), — (sterile specimens from Dickson and Relhan (s. n. L. velleus, Huds.), also a speci- men trom Relhan = f. luxurians. Ach.).
L. ■gn&tvi\dLtvi&=^ Umbilicaria pustulata (L.), — (sterile specimens from Dickson and Relhan).
L. proboscideus = Gyrophora cylindrica (Ach.), — (specimens from Dickson and Griffith), also specimens from R. Brown = f. denticu- lata, Ach.
Yar. 2=f. fimlriata (Ach.), — (specimen from Griffith).
L. polyphyllus=G?^7’c>ji9^ora polyphylla (L.), — (specimens from Relhan and Griffith, sterile).
L. mini^.tns,= Endocarpon miniatum (Ach,), — (specimens from Dickson, Griffith, and Mr. Threshar ; also a specimen from Dick- son =var. complicata, Ach.).
L. ^'m.'^\i.i'bins=Endocarpon fluviatile, (D. C.), — (specimen from Griffith) and also = Af. miniatum, var. euplocum (Ach.), — (speci- men from Griffith).
L. fluviatilis (A. aquaticus on \d)oQ\)=Endocarpon fluviatile, (D.C.), — (specimen from Griffith).
K. Foliage Leather -like.
L. fucoides=Aocc^Z/a 2)hycopsis (Ach.), — (a fragmentary and sterile specimen from Dickson).
L. saccatus=:.,S'o/o7’ma saccata (L.), — (specimens from Griffith, Dickson, and Relhan).
L. crocons=Solorina crocea (L.), — (sterile specimen from R. Brown).
L. '9or\^.t}xs= p armelia perlata (L.), — (sterile specimen from Reihan), also a specimen from Dickson = perforata
(Wulf.).
ON THE LICHENS IN DR. WITHERING’s HERBARIUM.
75
L. cditi.ixixis=Peltigera canina (L.), — (fertile specimens from Dickson) .
L. -golydidictylos^Peltigera polydactyla^ Hffm. and f. microcarpa (Ach.), — (specimens from Dickson).
Var. 2=P . polydactyla * hymenina, (Ach.), — (specimen from Griffith).
L. venosvis^Peltidea venosa (L.), — (specimens from Dickson and Hort. Sic. 25).
L. 2LT^tliosvis=Peltidea aphthosa (L.), — (sterile specimens from Dickson and fertile from Relhan).
L. rufus (X. rufescens on label)=P6?%<?ra rufescens, (Hffm.), — (fertile specimen from Griffith).
L. fuliginosus^/Si/c^ma fuliginosa (Hiids.), — (sterile specimens from Griffith, one of which marked “male p\2i\ii^’=Stictina limbata, Sw.)
L. xes\i-pina.tvLS= JSfephi’omium lusitanicum (Schser.), — (speci- mens from Dickson and Griffith).
Var. 2=the same, with the medulla of a deep yellow colour, — (specimen from Griffith).
L. &c\xX^X\i&=Peltig era scutata (Dcks.), — (fertile specimens from Dickson).
lA^Byl'v^ticMs=Stictinasylvatica (Huds.), — (specimens from Rel- han and Griffith).
Var. 2. Of this there is no specimen.
L. Yioxi^ont^lis= Peltigera horizontalis (L.), — (fertile specimens from Dickson).
L. Gelatinous.
L. Xxera.el\^==Leptogium lacerum (Sw.), — (specimens from Rel- han and Dickson).
Var. 2. Of this there is no specimen.
pulvinatum (Hffm.), — (specimen from Grif- fith).
Var. 4i=Scytonema, Sp.? (sterile specimen from Griffith).
L. s,e-ginco\^= Platysma ulophyllum (Ach.), — specimen from Dickson).
L. giranulatus=(7oZ/ma furvum (Ach.), — (specimen from Dick- son), and also=G. granuliferum, (Nyl.), — (specimen from Grif- fith).
L. cochleatus=(7c»ZZe/72a flaccid am, {Kch.), — (sterile specimen from Griffith), and also Leptogium trtmelloides (L.), — (sterile specimen from Dickson).
L. palmatus=Xej9^o^fwm palmatum (Huds ), — (sterile specimen from Dickson). Along with this a specimen from Griffith marked l=Platys7na commixtum, Nyl., old and sterile.
76 ON THE LICHENS IN DR. WITHERING^S HERBARIUM.
Im. nigrescens^Collema nigrescens (Hiids.), — (fertile specimens from Griffith and from Dcks. Hort. Sic. 22).
L. cxistatus=(7nZ/ma tenax var. coronata, (Kbr.), — (specimens from Dickson s. n. L. crispus, and from Griffith).
L. &itixi^t‘}xs=Leptogiuni sinuatum (Hnds.), — (fertile specimens from Dickson and Griffith).
L. fascicula»is=Go//ma fasciculare (L.), — (specimen from Dickson), and ^s>o=Leptogium (Collemodium) inicropTiyllum (Ach.), — (specimen from Griffith).
L. crispus= Co/Zema cheileum^ (Ach.), — (fertile specimen from Mr. Woodward).
Ii. xupestris. Of this there is no specimen.
L. fluviatilis=Zep^9'm7/i fluviatile (Huds.), — (specimens from Griffith, fertile ; from Dickson and R. Brown, sterile).
Sphaeria &ce^^xiA.=Arthonia cinnabarina^ var. Kermesina (Schser.), — (specimens from Griffith).
SIROSIPHON SAXICOLA (Nceg).
Filaments minute, curved, variously branched, closely crowded into a thin dark crust or unevenly scattered pulvinuli ; vagina nar- row, fuscous ; cellules in single series, growing denser and nucleate with age ; fruit not seen.
On damp rocks, rare ; Ennerdale Lake side, Cumberland, 1881.
This lichen grows upon damp rocks, or rocks down which water trickles rather than flows ; its colour when wet is dark olive, when dry black. It is sparsely scattered, more thickly clustered in some spots than others, and looks like a thin dark plush upon the stone. With a lens, the filaments can be distinguished entangled and de- pressed, and under the microscope they appear variously branched, somewhat mammillose and obtuse. The cellules are defined, roundish at the apices of the ramuli, but becoming oval, oblong or quadrate, as they are crowded down into the older parts of the filaments, where they are frequently double. The ramuli are merely lateral developments of the central cellules, and these run out into branches not by bursting, but by diverting the vagina.
Dr. Nylander has examined this plant and pronounced it the species named, and we know of no previous record in Great Britain of which it is a synonym. How far it may differ from Scytonema minutum Ag. (Mackay’s FI. Hibernica, p. 236) we can- not sav, as we have not seen the latter.
Hartlepool.
W. Johnson.
77
NOTES ON HYPOCREACEiE.
By M. C. Cooke.
It is not our intention to proceed in detail with observations on some of the remaining groups of Saccardo’s ‘‘ Sylloge,” since such a course would involve a considerable amount of labour, and no small expenditure of space. It is very generally known what our views are with regard to such a carpological arrangement, and therefore these need not to be repeated at every step. We shall therefore content ourselves with giving the diagnoses of additional species ; and probably, in some form or other, print our method of grouping the species, as classed in our own Herbarium, and that of the Royal Gardens at Kew.
One point must, however, be noticed, in passing, with regard to the genus Nectria. We have long considered that, inasmuch as cgespitose species are kept generically distinct from those in which the perithecia are scattered, in other sections of Pyrenomycetes, so in this genus they should be separated, retaining the old name of Nectria for the caespitose species, and adopting one of Saccardo’s subgeneric names, viz., that of Dialonectria, for the discrete species. Other divergencies from the method adopted in the work above named we must leave to justify themselves. Those who hold views similar to ourselves will appreciate our endeavour to bring the two systems into working order, so that, whilst maintaining our opinions, we may still turn the labours of Professor Saccardo to the best account that we can.
We have preferred to supplement Hypocreacece by a subdivision into three sub-families : (i.) Hypocreoide^ for the genera of compositae forms ; (ii.) Nectria for the simple or caespitose groups of true Nectria allies ; and (iii.) Pseudo-nectri^ for those aberrant genera, which we do not feel justified in placing in the second sub-family.
We enter upon this method with a desire to adopt all that we can, with a good conscience, accept of the scheme of the “ Sylloge,” and to reject such as we may not approve, without acrimonious and unnecessary discussion.
Claviceps Wilsoni, Cooke.
Mycelio sclerotioideo, cylindrico, subarcuato, atropurpureo, nigres- cente. Stromatibus solitariis, vel binatis, vel ternatis, simplicibus, carnosis, albo-flavidis ; clavula elongato-clavata, flavo-carnea, e peritheciis laxis subliberis prominentibus asperula (peri. *4 x *18 mm.) ; stipitis flexuoso, abbreviato, cylindrico, primo albido. Ascis angustissimis, linearibus ; sporidiis filiformibus (*14 mm. long).
On ergot of Glyceria Jiuitans. (A. S. Wilson.)
Differs from all other species in the elongated clavate capitulum and in the lax manner in which the perithecia are produced.
78
NOTES ON HYPOCREACE^.
Coxdyceps typhulaefoxinis, Berh.Sf Cooke in Herb. Berk. No. 8255.
Stromate clavato, gracili, carneo-rubro, in stipitem aequalem at- tenuato, carnoso-molli (circa seminncialis). Peritheciis sub- prominulis, ascis cylindraceis. Sporidiis filiformibus.
On larvae ? Java.
5051. Cordyceps sinensis, Berk.
Ascis cylindraceis, apice capitatis. Sporidiis filiformibus, in fragmentis dissilientibus.
5053. Cordyceps dipterigena, B. 4" Br.
Ascis linearibus, subflexuosis. Sporidiis filiformibus, articulis brevibus, subqnadratis.
Cordyceps albida, Berk, d: Curt, in Herb. Berk. No. 8269.
Similar to conidia of C. sphingum, but smaller, tips somewhat clavate. Too imperfectly developed for description.
On crickets. Cuba.
Glaziella vesiculosa, Berk. ^ Warm, {Sacc. Syll. No. 5075.)
Siibglobosa, oclireo-flavida, vesiculosa, magna (3-4 in. diam.), glaber, hinc illic rugnlosa. Contexta carnosa. Peritheciis peri- phericis, immersis, pallidis, immaturis.
Brazil. Glaziou No. 8526.
4988. Hypocrea scutellaeformis, B. ^ C.
Hypocrea Ravenelii, B. in Raven. Fungi Car.
Are two names for the same species.
4901. Hypocrea ochroleuca, B. ^ Rav.
■ Sporidiorum articulis (-006 mm.) hyalinis.
4904. Hypocrea armeniaca, L. d: C.
Sporidiorum articulis globosis hyalinis ('004 mm.).
4905. Hypocrea polyporoidea, B. Sj C.
Sporidiorum articulis globosis hyalinis ('004 mm.).
4906. Hypocrea saccharina, B.s; a Sporidiorum articulis globosis hyalinis ('005 mm.).
4907. Hypocrea insignis, B. S; C.
Sporidiorum articulis subglobosis, hyalinis ('0035 mm.).
4909. Hypocrea sulphurea, Schivein.
Sporidiorum articulis globosis hyalinis ('005 mm.).
4915. Hypocrea Stereorum, Schivein.
Sporidiorum articulis subglobosis hyalinis.
4916. Hypocrea peltata,
Sporidiorum articulis globosis hyalinis.
Hypocrea umbrina, Cooke. Hypocrea gelatinosa, var. umbrina, Cesati.
Convexa, sublobata (1-2 c.m. lata) umbrina, leniter rugnlosa, ostiolis punctiformibus obscurioribus ornata. Ascis cylindraceis. Sporidiis in cellulis 16 globosis dissilientibus, hyalinis '004 mm.
On rotten wood. Ceylon. (Cesati.')
Hypocrea Cesatiana, Cooke. Hypocrea multiformis, Cesati.
Applanata, rubro-fusca, subelliptica, vel irregularis, margine flavida. Ostiolis vix distinctis. Ascis cylindraceis. Sporidiis in cellulis 16 globosis hyalinis dissilientibus ('005 mrn. diam.).
On wood. Sarawak. (^Cesati No. 7.)
NOTES ON HYPOCREACEiE.
79
Hypocrea subrufa, Berli. Cooke in, Herb. Berk.
Gregaria vel sparsa, superficialis, hemispliserico-depressa, subdis- coidea, rufa (1-2 mrn. diam.) ostiolis minimis obscurioribus. Ascis cylindraceis. Sporidiorum articulis sub-aequalibus, globosis, hyali- nis (’003 mm.).
On branches. Neilgherries, India. — (E.C.B.)
Hypocrea Karsteniana, JViessl. in Rehm. Acomyceten No. 678. H. citrina, f. fungicola, Karst. Myc. Fenn. ii., 204.
Sporidiorum articulis ovalibus ('003-*0035 mm.).
Hypocrea rugulosa, Berk ^ Cooke in Heri. Berk.
Gregaria, superficialis, pulvinata vel hemispherica, rotundata, sicco rugulosa, carnosula, fusco-nigrescens (1-2 mm.) Stromatibus laxe adherentibus, nudis, intus fuscis. Ostiolis vix prominulis. Ascis cylindraceis (circa *08 mm. long). Sporidiorum articulis equalibus, quadrato-globosis, fuligineis (•004--0042 mm.).
On rotten wood. Neilgherries, India. — {E.C.B.)
Var. major.
Stromatibus minus rugulosis (3-4 mm.). Articulis sporidiorum majoribus (*005 mm. diam.l
On bark of trees. Neilgherries, India. — {E.C.B.)
Hypocrea undulata, Berk. Cooke in Herb. Berk,
Effusa, pallido-ochracea, subtenuis, undulata, margine pallidiore tomentoso ; ostiolis papillatis, numerosis, fusco-atris. Ascis cylin- draceis ; sporidiis ellipticis, diu continuis, demum uniseptatis, utrinque rotundatis, hyalinis (*012 x *005 mm.).
On rotten wood. Neilgherries, India. — (E.C.B.)
Hypocrea Nilgherrensis, Berk. Sc Cooke in Heri. Berk.
Tenuis, effusa (1 c.m. lata) convexo-applanata, ochraceo-flavida, centro fusca, margine pallidiore sterili ; ostiolis papillatis, fuscis. Ascis breviter cylindraceis (*05 mm. longis) octosporis ; sporidiis ovalibus vel subglobosis, continuis, hyalinis (*005 X *006 mm.).
On bark. Neilgherries, India. — (E.C.B. No. b%).
Hypocrea colliculosa, Fries, in Herb. Berk.
Pallida, effusa, planiusciila, tomentosa (-|-1 inch lata) peritheciis convexis, magnis (1 mm. diam.) ostiolis papillatis, atris. Ascis cylindraceis. Sporidiorum articulis subglobosis (*005 mm.) hyalinis.
On old Polyporus. Sweden. — (E. Fries).
Hypocrea consimilis, Eliis N. Amer. Fungi No. 158.
Orbicularis, rufa, convexa, subcorrugata, sparsa vel aggregata, carnosa (1-2 lin.) Ascis cylindraceis, octosporis. Sporidiis ellip- ticis, continuis, hyalinis (*01 X *004 mm.).
On decorticated Azalea viscosa.
Hypocrea Carteri, Berk. ^ Cookein Herb. Berk. No.S^l^.
Effusa, indeterminata (^-1 in. diam.) ochracea, undulata, mar- gine tenui. Ostiolis punctiformibus, fuscis. Peritheciis subglo- bosis, immersis. Ascis subcylindricis. Sporidiis ellipticis, uni- septatis, hyalinis (*015 X ‘005 mm.).
On bark. Bombay. — (H. J. Carter).
80
NOTES ON HYPOCREACE^.
Hypocxea Fendlezi, Berk. ^ Curt in Herb. Berk. 8325.
Sub-e£fusa, plana, demum atro-fusca, margine obtuso, contextu albo. Peritheciis immersis, subglobosis. Ascis cylindraceis, octo- sporis. Sporidiis ellipticis, hyalinis (*005-’006 mm. long).
On bark. Venezuela.
In all the three species, Nos. 4895, 4896, 4897, we believe that the joints of sporidia are sixteen, and not eight.
Hypomyces apiospozus, Cooke.
Effusa, pallida, tenuis. Peritheciis semi-immersis, leniter papil- latis (sicco melleis) ostiolis obscuriore. Ascis cylindraceis, octo- sporis. Sporidiis lanceolatis, supra apiculatis, infra rotundatis, totius asperulatis, continuis (apicula excepta) flavidis (’018 X *0065 mrn.).
Oli Clavaria pistillaris (1). New York, U.S. — {W.Tt.G.') Hypomyces spadiceus, Fries, in Herb. Berk.
Tenuis, effusa, spadicea. Peritheciis parvulis (*15-*2 mm. diam.) congestis, semi-immersis, ostiolis papillato, concolore. Ascis cylin- draceis. Sporidiis arcte lanceolatis, uniseptatis, hyalinis (*016-*02 X *003-’0035 mm.).
On Agarics (?) Sweden. — {E. Fries).
Sporidia acute but not apiculate. The sporidia apparently not well matured.
Hypomyces atez, Fries. Summa Veg. Scan. 564.
Effusa, tenuis, atra ; peritheciis glabris, semi-immersis, ostiolo conico, concolore. Ascis cylindraceis. Sporidiis lanceolatis, utrinque acutis, uno polo mucronatis, continuis, hyalinis ('03-’035 X *005--006 mm.).
On Agarics. Sweden. — (^E. Fries).
Sometimes the mucronate extremity appears to have a pseudo- septum.
Hypomyces tomentosus, Fries. {Saee. 4643.)
Ascis cylindraceis. Sporidiis lanceolatis, utrinque mucronu- latis, uniseptatis, hyalinis (•042-*05 x *006-'007 mm.). Hypomyces tegillum, Berk. ^ Curt. (Sacc. 4645.)
Ascis cylindraceis. Sporidiis arete lanceolatis, uniseptatis, hyalinis (-Old-’Old x *003 mm.).
Hypomyces flavescens (Scliwein.).
Peritheciis gregariis, distinctis, globoso-ovatis, papillatis, albidis, villo secedente tectis, subiculo lacteo latissimo pubescente insiden- tibus. Ascis cylindraceis. Sporidiis arcte ellipticis, hyalinis, imma- turis.
On the hymenium of resupinate Polypori. Bethlehem, U.S., ex. herb. Schweinitz.
Hypomyces pannosus (Schwein.).
Late effusus, albidus, pannosus, tenuis, margine fimbriato-byssino. Peritheciis seiui-imuiersis, pallidis. Ostiolis punctiformibus, fuscis. Ascis cylindraceis. Sporidiis immaturis.
NOTES ON HYPOCREACE^.
81
On rotten wood. Ex herb. Schweiniiz.
Quite a different thing from the species described by Fries under the name of Sphceria pannosa.
Nectria alutacea, Berh. 8f Cooke in Herb. Berk.
Caespitosa, erumpens, alutacea, vel incarnata. Peritheciis in stromate ellipsoideo vel elongato congestis, subglobosis, papillatis, laevibus, glabris (*25 mm. diam.), translucentibus. Ascis clavatis, octosporis. Sporidiis biseriatis, ellipticis, uniseptatis, hyalinis (•01--012 y -003 mm.).
On bark. Neilgherries, India (E. S. Berkeley).
Nectria collabens, Berk. ^ Cooke in Herb. Berk.
Caespitosa, erumpens, mellina. Peritheciis in stromate tuber- culoideis congestis, subglobosis dein collabescentibus, difforrni- busque, glabris, tenuissimis (*2 mm. diam.). Ascis cylindraceis, octosporis. Sporidiis late ellipticis, utrinque attenuatis, loculis sub-conicis, uniseptatis, hyalinis, magnitudine valde variabilis (•012--014 varius -018 x *006 mm.).
On bark. Bombay (^H. J. Carter).
Nectria hypocreoides, Berk. S; Cooke in Herb. Berk.
Caespitosa, erumpens, pallida. Peritheciis subglobosis, mox con- fluentibus (*25 mm. diam.) in stromate tuberculoideis densissime congestis, furfure flavo-pallescente conspersis ; ostiolis nudis obscu- rioribus. Ascis cylindraceis, octosporis. Sporidiis ellipticis, hya- linis, endochromate bipartito, nec vere uniseptatis (•012 x *004 mm.).
On bark. Bombay (I/. J. Carter).
Nectria fenestrata, Berk. ^ Curt, in Herb.
Caespitosa, cinnabarina, erumpens. Peritheciis globosis, laevibus, glabris, vix papillatis, in stromate tuberculoideo aggregatis. Ascis clavatis, octosporis. Sporidiis biserialibus, ellipticis, 5 septatis, muriformibusque, hyalinis (’03 x *01 mm.).
On bark. Canada, Ceylon.
Nectria balsamea, Cke. ^ Peck {Sacc. Sijll. 4804).
Erumpens, caespitosa, suborbicularis. Peritheciis parvulis, laevibus, coccineis, papillatis demum collapsis, stromate pallido congestis. Ascis cylindraceo-clavatis, octosporis. Sporidiis fusi- formibus, quinqueseptatis, hyalinis (*03 x ‘077 mm.).
On bark of Abies balsamea. U.S.A.
Nectria decolorans, Fries. Scler. Suec., No. 184.
Ascis cylindrico-clavatis. Sporidiis octonis ellipticis, utrinque rotundatis, uniseptatis, leniter constrictis, hyalinis (-023--025 x •0075 mm.).
The above are the results of the examination of three authentic specimens of this species as published in Scler. Suec. No. 184.
Nectria Passeriniana (Nectria viticola, Pass in Pirotti. Fung. Par.^b).
Sub-caespitosa, erumpens. Peritheciis sub-globosis, carneis, in stromate pulvinato connatis. Ascis cylindraceis, octosporis. Sporidiis ellipticis, uniseptatis, hyalinis (*02 x •OOO mm.).
82
NOTES ON HYPOCREACE^.
On vine twigs. (^Ex herb. Passerini).
Not the species of Berk, and Curt., which is —
Dialonectria viticola, B. cj- Curt. (vxx. Saco. Syll., No. 4729.) Sporidiis ellipticis, uniseptatis, hyalinis, (’01 x *004 mm.).
On Vitis. N. America. {Ex herb. Berkeley.')
Dialonectxia Eucalypti, Cooke Sf Hark.
Sparsa, superficialis, ochracea. Peritheciis globosis, demum sub- depressis (*2 mm.), primum pilis papillosis sparsis hyalinis obsitis, mox denudatis. Ascis clavatis, octosporis. Sporidiis lanceolatis, uniseptatis, nec constrictis, hyalinis (‘016-’018 x ‘004 mm.).
On bark of Eucalyptus branches. California. {Harkness, 2,216, 2359.)
Dialonectria depallens, Cooke ^ Hark.
Sparsa, gregariave, superficialis, testaceo-rubra, depallens. Peri- theciis subglobosis, glabris, nudis, opacis mm.). Ascis clavatis, octosporis. Sporidiis lanceolatis, utrinque subacutis, uniseptatis, nec constrictis, hyalinis (•022--024 x *004-*0045 mm.).
On stems of Lupinus. California {Harkness, 2,432).
Dialonectria episphaerica. Fries., var. verruculosa, Cke.
Peritheciis obtuse, verruculosis, vix collabescentibus. Ascis sporidiisque ut in typis.
On perithecia of Splicena confinis, Lev. Java.
The specimen of Sphceria confinis, Lev. in Herb. Berk., has this Nectria parasitic on the pustules ; hence the Sphceria was called Nectria confinis, and placed in that genus. Examination has proved, however, that the Nectria is parasitic upon Leveille’s Sphceria, which is quite distinct, and allied to Cucurbitaria, although no perfect sporidia could be found.
Dialonectria laetifulva. Berk. 8p Cooke in Hei'b. Berk.
Gregaria, sparsave, Ijetifulva. Peritheciis superficialibus, globo- sis, papillatis, glabris, Itevibus (-2-’25 mm. diam.). Ascis clavatis, octosporis. Sporidiis biseriatis, breviter lanceolatis, uniseptatis, hyalinis ('014 x '004 mm.).
On bark. Neilgherries, India {E. S. Berkeley).
Dialonectria xanthostigma, Berk. 4- Cooke in Herb. Berk.
Sparsa, superficialis, flavida. Peritheciis Itevibus, glabris, sub- globosis (*2 mm. diam), leniter papillatis. Ascis clavatis, octosporis. Sporidiis biseriatis, arcte ellipticis, uti inque rotundatis, uniseptatis, hyalinis ('01 x *003 mm.).
On herbaceous stems. Neilgherries, India {E. S. Berkeley, 1863).
Dialonectria Dorcas ( Peziza doi’cas, B. ^ Br. Ceylon 944).
Superficialis, sparsa, globosa, demum collapsa et cnpulasformis. Peritheciis extus cervino-tomentosis. Ostiolo fusco. Sporidiis subellipticis, medio constrictis, biseriatis, uniseptatis, hyalinis ('012 X '0045 mm.).
Oli some monocotyledonous piant. Ceylon.
NOTES ON HYPOCREACE^.
83
Dialonectria vulpina (Peziza vulpina, C.), Coohe.
Sparsa, anrantio-fiisca. Peritheciis globosis, demum depressis et cupulgeformibus, laevibus, glabris, vix papillatis (’S-’S mm.) Ascis clavatis. Sporidiis arcte ellipticis, hyalinis, continuis (‘008 X -0025 mm.).
On chips. New Jersey {J. B. Ellis).
Dialonectria diminuta (B. Sf C. ), Nectria diploa, var. diminuta, B. ^ C. N. Atner. Fungi.
Sporidiis demum triseptatis, hyalinis (*025-‘03 x *0085 mm.). Parasitic on Sphceria.
HYSTRICULA, Che.
Caespitosa, erumpens. Peritheciis confluentibus, vel discretis, tomentosis, mollibus, carneo-membranaceis. Ostiolis teretibus, longissimis. Ascis brevibus. Sporidiis globosis, hyalinis.
Hystricula Montagnei (Hypoxylon erinaceum, Motit), Bacc. Syll. No.
1497.
Sporidiis globosis, hyalinis (*004 mm.).
NEW CALIFORNIAN FUNGI.
{Continued from Yol. ix., p. 81.)
Dialonectria Eucalypti, Coohe ^ Barh. Grevillea xir. p. 82.
On branches of Eucalyptus (No. 2216).
Dialonectria depallens, Cooke 4* Bark, (jrevilleaiai.
On stems of Lupinus (No. 2432).
Stictis monilifera, Phillips 4" Barkness.
Gregaria, minuta, immersa, margine integro, vel sublaciniato, prominulo, disco albido. Sporidiis filiformibus moniliformibusque, (•1 X ’002 mm.) paraphysibus numerosissimis.
Un fruit of Pittosporum. California {Harkness^ 2426). Fhacidium albidum, Phil. 4' Bark.
Hypophylliim, gregarium, tectum, convexum, demum in lacinias dehiscens ; disco albido. Ascis cylindraceo-clavatis. Sporidiis linearibus, utrinque acutis, multinucleatis (*06-’075 x '002 mm.). Paraphysibus numerosissimis, filiformibus.
On the under-side of leaves of Vaccinium. California {Harkness, 2561).
Hysterium (Hysterographium) ceanothi, Phil. <f Barh.
Sparsum, sessile vel subimmersum, ovale, dein lanceolatum, Iteve, glabrum, nitidum, atrum. Labiis prominulis, arcte conni- ventibus. Ascis late clavatis, tetrasporis. Sporidiis muriformibus, oblongo -lanceolatis, utrinque obtusis, fuscis (*04-‘015 X '014 mm.) paraphysibus adherentibus.
On stems of Ceanothus. California {Harkness, No. 2540 bis.). Sometimes the sporidia are surrounded by a gelatinous envelope.
84
NEW CALIFORNIAN FUNGI.
Hysteirium prominens, Phil. Hark.
Sparsum, erumpens deiu superficiale, atrum. Peritheciis ellip- ticis (1 mm. long), longitudinaliter striatis, labiis demum late apertis, hiantibus ; disco atro. Ascis clavatis, octosporis. Spori- diis lanceolatis, medio constrictis, utrinque acuminatis, multisep- tatis (7-11), fuscis (•04-*05 x ’01 mm).
On branches of Salix (No. 2647).
Iiophodermium Dracaenae, Vhil. S( Harlc.
Sparsum, ellipticum vel ovatum (‘S-’S mm. long), superficiale, deciduum, glabrum, atrum, labiis adherentibus, demum apertis, hiantibusque. Ascis cylindraceis, octosporis. Sporidiis filiformi- bus, hyalinis (*07-‘085 x •001-*002 mm.), paraphysibus filiformi- bus, ad apicem dichotomis.
On Draccena. California (^Harkness^ 2514).
FUNGI FROM PERAK.
Lenzites repanda, Fr. (Wray, 73.)
Folyporus (IVIesopus) rugosus, Fees. (Wray, 85.) Polyporus (Fleur opus) affinis, Nees. (Nos. 79, 80.) Folyporus (Fleuropus) Guilfoylei, Midi. (74.) Folyporus (Fleuropus) grammocephalus, Berh. (90.) Polyporus (Anodermei) cinnabarinus, Fr. (78.) Folyporus (Placodermei) australis, Fr. (72.) Folyporus (Inodermei) Auberianus, Mont. (81.) Folyporus (Inodermei) albocervinus. Berk. (77.) Folyporus (Inodermei) elongatus, Berk. (59, 84.) Folyporus (Inodermei) Curreyi, Berk. (86.)
Daedalea tenuis. Berk. (76.)
Hydnum sclerodontium, Berk. (88.)
Lachnocladium furcellatum, Lev. (89.)
Stereum lobatum, Kunze. (75.) mieliola amphitricha. Fries.
OimuM Tuckeri. — In the American Monthly Microscopical Journal ” for Jan., 1884, Mr. Thos. Taylor claims to have found the perfect fruit of Oidium Tuckeri in Uncinula spiralis, B. & C. Although both the Rev. M. J. Berkeley and ourselves have urged that there is not the slightest evidence to prove their identity. In the paper above alluded to a communication of M. J. B. is quoted, which states distinctly, “ We cannot suppose that it (Uncmula spBa Us J arises from the historical Oidium Tuckeri.” The same claim was raised by the same person in 1875, and replied to in the same terms by Mr. C. B. Plowright, in “ Monthly Microscopical Journal,” Vol. xiii., 1875, p. 209.
85
SOME EXOTIC FUNGI.
By M. C Cooke.
Polypoxus (IMEesopus) pocula (Spbseria pocula. Schwein. Proc. Acad.
Sci. Phil).
Erumpens, lierbinato-poculiformis, dependens minimus, prui- nosus, albidus, substantia subsupirosa pallida (1 lin. lat-) Hyme- nio discoideo, concavo. Poris minutissimis brevibus Spoils glo- bosis.— Cooke in Journ. Linn. Soc. ined.
On branches, U.S. America.
Cyphella discoidea, Cooke.
Gregaria, epiphylla. Cupulis discoideis, 1-2 mm. diam., tenu- iter membranaceis, applanatis, glabris; disco carneo, margine albido ; basidiis brevibus, spoils globosis, laevibus (’004 mm.).
On Hawkweed. New Zealand (Colenso, No. 30).
Stexeum (Apus) lugubxis, Cooke.
Coriaceum, rigidum, pileo effuso reflexoque, tomentoso, zonato, cinereo-pallescente, zonis obscurioribus, margine subacuto, pallido, bymenio subpapilloso, glabro, nudo, atro.
On logs. New Zealand (W. Colenso, 23).
A very distinct species by its black obtusely papillate liymenium. Pilei about an inch deep, often densely umbricated and extending laterally several inches.
Sphaexia (Anthostomella) phoxmicola, Che.
Sparsa, tecta. Peritheciis globosis atris, sub cuticula dealbata nidulantibus, ostiola impresso. Ascis cylindraceis. Sporidiis ova- libus, continuis, atrofuscis (*099-'01 X ’007 mm.).
On flower stalks oi Phormiiim, New Zealand (Kirk, 24). Sphaexella (Sphaexulina) Todeae, Cke.
Sparsa, amphigena. Peritheciis minimis, subglobosis, atris, semi-emargentibus vix papillatis. Ascis clavatis. Sporidiis sub- lanceolatis, triseptatis, hyalinis (’012 X ’0025 mm.)
On Todea hymenophylloides . Karori, North Island, New Zea- land (Kirk, No. 1).
Astexina Licanise, Cooke.
Epiphylla. Maculis suborbicularibus tenuibus (1 cm.), atro- fuligineis. Peritheciis applanatis, orbicularibus ; margine hyphis fuscis intertextis ornato. Ascis amplis saccatis. Sporidiis ellip- ticis, obtusis, medio constrictis, uniseptatis, atro-fuscis (’04-’045 x •022--026 mm.).
In foliis Licanioe. S. Carlos (Spruce, 633).
Meliola densa, Cooke.
Hypo-rarius epiphylla, aterrima, velutina. Maculis orbiculari- bus (1 cm.), dein confluentibus. Peritheciis globosis, atris, leniter verruculosis (*18 mm. diam.), inter fibras erectas, apice curvulas, confertissimas, quasi absconditis. Ascis late clavatis bisporis. Sporidiis ellipticis 4 septatis, constrictis, fuscis (*045 x *018 mm.).
On leaves of Eucalyptus. Herbert River, Queensland, also on leaves of Tlex{^l) Khasia, India.
86
FUNGUS FOKAY IN IRELAND.
The first Fiingns Foray ever lield in Ireland took place on 18th September, 1883, under the auspices of the Belfast Naturalists’ Field Club.
An excursion was organised to Shane’s Castle Demesne as being the oldest and most extensive wmod in Ulster. It lies in the County Antrim, fourteen miles north of Belfast.
Nothing could have been more propitious than the weather, nor more abundant than the fungi, in picking specimens of which a large party of members and friends spent a long and pleasant day under the guidance of the Rev H. W. Lett.
A prize, a volume of Cooke’s Fungi, having been offered for the best collection, eleven competitors displayed the contents of their bags, the numbers being respectively 8, 10, 14, 15, 20, 21, 31, 33, 34, 40, 56, representing in all about 80 species, distributed as follows : —
|
Agaricini |
... |
... 61 |
|
Polyporei... |
. . . |
... 8 |
|
Clavariei ... |
... 2 |
|
|
Trichogastres |
. . . |
... 2 |
|
Auricularini |
... 3 |
|
|
Elvellacei |
... |
... 4 |
Here, as elsewhere in the North of Ireland, it was noticed that this year Agaricus campestris was one of the rarities. The most abundant were Agaricus nehularis and Lactarius torminosus, which were everywhere in thousands. Only one Lycoperdon giganteum and one Agaricus muscarius were met with. Several examples of Helotium ceruginosum were collected in perfect condition. The best find of the Foray was a colony of magnificent Sparassis, wonder- fully like cauliflowers, growing on the stump of an oak.
H. W. Lett, M.A.
.iEcimuM Bellidis, D.C. This fungus has hitherto been re- garded as one of the spore forms of Puccinia compositarum, Mart. During the past two years I have become convinced that this cannot be its true life history ; for upon the “daisy” no other spore forms occur. A series of experimental cultures made by me during the present winter have demonstrated the fact that this ypcidium is heteroecismal in its habit, and is connected with Puccinia obscura, Schrot. on Luzula. This Puccinia differs from P. luzulce, Lib., in having subglobose rough uredo-spores, whereas the uredo-spores of P. luzulce are elliptical and smooth. It has not previously been recorded as British.
CHARLES B. PLOWRIGHT.
King’s Lynn.
87
CRYPTOGAMIC LITERATURE.
Just, Prof. Botanischer Jaliresbericht, for 1880. Vol. ii., part 2.
Ellis, J. B. New Species of N. American Fungi, in “ Ameri- can Naturalist,” Nov. 1883.
Allen, T. F. American Species of Toljpella, in Bull. Ton*. Bot. Club,” X., p. 109.
Ellis, J. .B, and Everhart. New Species of Fungi, in “Bull. Torr. Bot. Club,” x., 117.
Niessl, Dr. G. Contributiones ad Floram Mycologicam Lusi- tanicum. Series iv.
Crisp, F., and others. Summary of Current Researches in Cryptogamia, &c., in “ Journ. Roy. Micr. Soc.,” Dec., 1883, and Feb., 1884.
Berkeley, M. J., and Broome, C. E. Notices of British Fungi, in “ Ann. Nat. Hist.,” Dec., 1883.
Mika, A. On Puccinia malvacearum^ in “ Magyar Novenytani Lapok,” Nov., 1883.
Geheeb, a. Bryologische Fragmente, ii., in “ Flora,” No. 31, 1883.
Nylander, W. Addenda nova ad Lichenographiam Euro- paeam, “ Flora,” No. 34, 1883.
OuDEMANS, C. A. J. Revisio Perisporiacearum in Regno Bata- vorum hucusque detectarum.
Patouillard, N. Tabulie Analyticte Fungorum. Fasc. ii., tigs. 101 — 200.
Planchon, Louis. Les Champignons comestibles et Veneneux de la region de Montpellier, &c.
Turner, W. B. The Algse of Sirensall Common, in the “ Naturalist,” Dec., 1883.
Murray, G., and Flight, A. W. Examination of Wilson’s Sclerotia of Phytoplithora infestans, in “ Journ. Bot.,” Dec., 1883.
Gossel and Wendisch. Zeitschrift fur Pilzfreunde, No. 9, 1883, No. 11. 1884.
Venturi. Nouvelle espece de Fissidens, in “Revue Bryo- logique,” No. 6, 1883.
Massalongo and Carestia. Trois hepatiques nouvelles pour les Alpes Pennines, “ Revue Bryologique,” No. 6, 1883.
Heese, H. Die Anatomie der lamelle und ihre bedeutung fur die systematik der Agaricineen. Inaugural dissertation (Berlin, 1883).
88
CRYPTOGAMIC LITERATURE.
Stephani. Zwei neiie Lebermoose, in “ Hedwigia,” No. 10, 1883.
Niessl. Ueber die Thieliing der Guttung Sordaria, in “ Hed- wigia,” No. 10, 1883.
Winter, Dr. G. Rabenhorst’s Fungi Europaei Exsicc. Ser. 2, cent, XXX.
Farlow, W. G., Dr. Peronosporeae of the United States, in “ Botanical Gazette,” Oct., Nov., 1883.
Lemaire, a. Liste des Desmidiees dans les Vosges.
Marchal, E. Pyrenomycetes coprophiles nouveaux pour la Flore Beige.
Karsten, P. a. Symbolae ad Mycologiam Fennicam. Part ix.
Ellis, J. B., and Martin, G. New Florida Fungi, i., ii., in “ Ainer. Naturalist,” Dec., 1883, Jan., 1884.
Farlow, W. G. Notes on the Cryptogamic Flora of the White Mountains — “ Appalachia,” Vol. iii., Jan., 1884.
Plowright, C. B. Life History of Dock JEcidium — and Ma- honia aquifolia, as a nurse of wheat mildew, “ Proc. Roy. Soc.,” 1883.
Taylor, T. Oidium Tuckeri. “ Amer. Mon. Micro. Journ.,” Jan., 1884.
Borzi, a. Protochytr'ium spiroqyrce, in “ Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital.,” Jan., 1884.
Comes, 0. Reliquie Micologische Nctarisiane, in “ Annuario della R. Scuola sup. d’Agricoltura in Portici,” iii., 1883.
Just, Prof. Botanischer Jahresbericht, ix. Vol. i., part 1.
Roumeguere, C. Algues de France. Cent. iii.
„ „ Fungi Selecti Galliiei. Cent, xxvii., xxviii.
Cooke, M. C. Illustrations of Fungi. Parts xx. and xxi,
,, ,, Fresh Water Algie . Part vii. Chroococcaccie
and Nostoc.
,, On Circumnutation in Fungi, in “Journ. Quekett Micr. Club,” Feb. 1884.
Hick, Thos. Protojolasmic continuity in the Florideai, in “ Journ. Botany,” Feb., 1884.
Saunders, Jas. South Bedfordshire Mosses, in “ Journ. Botany,” Feb., 1884.
Saccardo, P. a. and Roumeguere. Reliquiie Mycologijc Libertianae. Series iv., in “ Revue Mycologique,” Jan., 1884.
ScHULZER, S. and Saccardo, P. A. Micromycetes Sclavonici novi, in “ Revue Mycologique.”
Borzi, A. Studi Algologici, saggio di ricerche sulla Biologia delle Alghe ; 9 plates.
No. 64.]
[June, 1884.
A QUARTEELT RECORD OF CRYPTOOAMIC BOTANY AND ITS LITERATURE.
NEW BRITISH LICHENS.
Communicated hy The Rev. J. M. Crombie, F.L.S.
The following new species of Lichens discovered in this country have since rny last communication in Grevillea, Vol. x, pp. 22-24, been described by Nylander in the “ Flora.”
1. Ephebeia IKEaztindalei, Cromb., 2Vyl. in Flora, 1883, p. 104. Subsimilar to E. hispidula (Ach.), but differing in the thallus,
being scarcely spinulose, and in the receptacle of the apothecia above being smaragdine (or sub-bluish in thin section). Spores oblongo-ellipsoid, simple, 0*009-0’014 mm. long, 0*004-0'06 mm. thick.
On moist rocks. Mardale, Westmoreland (Martindale). Pro- bably a subspecies of E. hispidula.
2. Lecanora {Placodmm) miniatula, Nyl. in Flora, 1883, p. 98. Subsimilar to L. lobulata (Smmrf.), with the thallus subminiate,
planer, and the spores smaller, 0*007-l’010 mm. long, 0’004-0-005 mm. thick.
On quartzose rocks. Morrone, Braemar (Crombie). Probably only a variety or subspecies of L. tegularis (Ehrh.).
3. Lecanora circinatula, JSfyl. in Flora, 1883, p. 100.
Thallus dark-grey or brownish-grey, adpressed, diffract, radioso- divided at the circumference, the radii plane ; apothecia dark- brown, innate, plane, the thalline margin thin, entire ; spores 8 nse, simple, ellipsoid, about 0*007 mm. long, 0*005 mm. thick, para- physes thickish, articulated ; hymenial gelatine at first bluish, and then tawny wine-red with iodine.
On siliceous stones, in maritime districts. Near Beachy Head, Sussex (Crombie). Allied to L. circinata, but smaller, and with smaller spores.
4. Lecanora decincta, Nyl, in Flora, 1882, p. 452.
Thallus umbrine, smooth, thin, rimulose, greyish at the circum- ference ; apothecia black, opaque, plane, the thalline margin not prominent, internally subincolorous or brownish ; spores 8 nae, ellipsoid, simple, 0*010-14 mm. long, 0 006-8 mm. thick, para-
8
90
NEW BRITISH LICHENS.
pliyses discrete, nearly moderate ; hymenial gelatine pale-bluish, and then tawny-yellow (especially the theca3), with iodine.
On schistose rocks. Eed Series, Westmoreland (Martindale). Allied to L. intercincta, Nyl.
5. Lecidea c»sio-lepra, Nyl, in Flora, 1881, p. 532.
Thallus caisious, leprose, soft, thin, effuse, subrimose (K + yellow'ish) ; apothecia brown, slightly ciesio-pruinose, with evanes- cent thalline margin ; spores 8 nee, colourless, ellipsoid, 1-septate, 0'009-0‘011 mm. long, 0*004-5 mm. thick, paraphyses nearly moderate, inspersed at the apices ; hymenial gelatine pale-bluish, the theca3 tawny-yellow, with iodine.
On sandstone rocks and quartzose soil. Island of Brechou, near Sark ( Larbalestier). Belongs to the section of L. cyrtella.
6. Lecidea aggregatula, Nyl. in Flora^ 1883, p. 101.
Thallus whitish or greyish-white, minutely granulated, granu- lato- aggregated, diffract (K — ) ; apothecia blackish or brownish- black, subrugulose, opaque, adnate, plane, immarginate or sub- marginate, internally pale ; spores 8 nee, oblong, 0*011-15 mm. long, 0*005-6 mm. thick, epithecium brown, paraphyses slender, hypothecium colourless ; hymenial gelatine bluish, and then tawmy wine-red, with iodine.
On porphyritic rocks. Charnwood Forest, Leicestershire (Lar- balestier). It belongs to the section of Lecidea leucoplicea.
7. Lecidea tenebrica, Nyl. in Flora, 1882, p. 454.
Thallus dark-greyish, unequal, areolato- rimose, thinnish, sub- determinate ; apothecia black, convex, immarginate, internally whitish ; spores 8 me, ellipsoid, simple, 0*010-11 mm. long, 0*005- 6 mm. thick, paraphyses not well discrete, epithecium and lower stratum of hypothecium brown ; hymenial gelatine bluish, and then tawny-yellow, with iodine.
On schistose rocks. Bed Scues, Westmoreland (Martindale). Although having the appearance of L. tenebrosa, it belongs rather to the section of L. rivulosa.
8. Lecidea contenebzicans, Nyl. in Flora, 533.
Thallus dark-greyish or greyish-brown, nearly moderate, smoothish, rimoso-diffract, internally white (and with I and K + yellow becoming rusty-red) ; apothecia black, somewhat plane, margined, internally whitish, the lower stratum dark-brown ; spores 8 nee, ellipsoid, 0*010-11 mm. long, 0*005-6 mm. thick, epithecium dark-bluish, hypothecium reddish-brown ; hymenial gelatine bluish, and then tawny-violet (the thecee especially), with iodine.
On schistose rocks. Bed Scues, Westmoreland (Martindale). Though having the appearance of L. tenebrica, this is a very distinct species, differing in being larger, with the apothecia margined, and in various other characters.
9. Lecidea coziacella, N\jl. in Flora, 1882, p. 454.
Thallus dark-grejish, subsmooth, coriaceo-insculpt, thinnish but someivhat variable ; apothecia blackish, opaque, innate, im* marginate, internally pale ; spores 8 me, ellipsoid, simple, 0*010-12
NEW BRITISH LICHENS.
91
mm. long, 0*006 mm. thick, epithecium brown, paraphyses mode- rate, hypotliecium colourless ; hymenial gelatine yellowish (the thecfe tawny wine-coloured-) with iodine.
On porphyritic rocks. Red Scues, Westmoreland (Martindale). Belongs also to the section of L. rivulosa.
10. Lecidea periplaca, Nyl. in Flora, 1882, p. 454.
Thallus greyish-black, thin, or very thin, subsmooth, thinly areo- lato-rimulose, subbyssoid and applanato-placodioid at the circum- ference; apothecia black, margined, at length convex, internally pale; spores 8 nee, ellipsoid, 0*009-0*010 mm. long, 0*006 mm, thick, epithecium and perithecium brown, paraphyses submoderate, thalamium slightly yellowish-brown, hypothecium colourless ; hymenial gelatine bluish, and then yellowish (the thecae wine-red), with iodine.
On stones of walls. Stavely, Westmoreland (Martindale). Be- longs to the section of L. tenebrosa.
11. Vexrucairia interseptula, Nyl. in Flora, 1881, p. 453.
Thallus olivaceous, opaque, thin; apothecia subconically convexo- prominent, the pyrenium dimidiately black, epithecium not im- pressed ; spores 8 nae, colourless, fusiform, 5-septate, with one or two longitudinal or oblique septules, 0*020-24 mm. long, 0*006-7 mm. thick.
On moist siliceous rocks. Wastdale, Cumberland (Rev. W. Johnson). Belongs to the section of V. chlorotica, the thallus containing chrysogonidia.
12. Verrucairia canella, JVyl. in Flora, 1883, p. 102.
Subsimilar to Verrucaria amphibola or glaucina, but at once distinguished by the spores being subfusiform, 0*025-32 mm. long, 0*007-0*011 mm. thick.
On calcareous rocks. Bangor, N. Wales (J. Griffith).
13. Verrucaria globosa, Tayl. in Mss., Nyl. in Flora, 1883, p. 534. Thallus greyish or greyish-greenish, thin, unequal, continuous;
apothecia yellowish or yellow flesh-coloured, pertusarioid, sub- globoso-mastoid, often externally covered by the thallus ; spores 8 n^, fusiform, 7-septate, 0*050-70 mm. long, 0*010-14 mm. thick ; the spores only in the protoplasm tinged tawny-yellow, with iodine.
On trachytic rocks. Blackwater, Kerry (Taylor). Belongs to the section of F. mastoidea.
ADDITIONS TO THE BRITISH CLADONIEL
The following varieties and forms have to be added to those recorded in my enumeration (yid. Grevillea,” 1883, pp. 111- 115):—
1. Cladonia degenerans, var. pleiolepidea, Nyl.
Rare amongst the N. Grampians. Morrone, Braemar.
2. Cladonia furcata racemosa, f. palamsea, Ach.
Rare in S. England. Shiere, Surrey.
92
ADDITIONS TO THE BRITISH CLADONIEI.
3. Cladonia coccifera, Yar. incrassata, Flk. (Cl. macilenta, f.
deminuta, Cromh.).
Rare in the W. Highlands and among the Central Grampians'.
4. Cladonia macilenta, var. scabrosa, Mudd; f. incrassata, Cromb.
“ Podetia larger, turgid, densely and coarsely granulato-squamu-
lose.”
Probably not unfrequent amongst the Grampians.
5. Cladonia bacillaris, var. subcoronata, Nyl. — Exs., Mudd Clad,, n,
72 in pt.
Not common iii N. England, the S. Grampians, and N. W. Ireland.
6. Cladina sylvatica, f. tennis, Lamy. — Exs., Mudd Clad., n. 58. Probably not uncommon.
var. grandis. Flic. — Exs., Mudd Clad., n. 60.
Local and rare in N. England, S. Scotland, and amongst the Grampians.
J. M. C.
CALIFORNIAN FUNGI.
By M. C. Cooke and W. H. Harkness.
( Continued from p. 84.^
Coniothyrium rosarum, Cke. Harh.
Gregaria, tecta, demum corticem stellato-fissurans. Sporis pro- fusis subglobosis, ovatisve, continuis, pallide fuscis (-004 x *003 mm.).
On stems of Rosa. California (No. 2176).
Coniothyrium punctum, Cke. 4' Hark.
Sparsum, subliberum, maculas nigras insidens. Peritheciis minimis, depressis, atris (’15 mm. diam.). Sporis subglobosis pallide fuscis (-005 mm.).
On decorticated Acacia. California (2067).
Coniothyrium decipiens, Cke. Sf Hark.
Erumpens, prominulum, subgregarium. Peritheciis globosis, atris, opacis, subrugosis, demum superficialibus, sporis ovalibus, subglobosisve continuis, pallide fuscis (-004 x *003 mm.).
On branches of Acacia. California (No. 2267).
Fhoma rhamnicola, Cke. Sf Hark.
Gregaria, minuta, punctiformis. Peritheciis tectis, subglobosis, atris, ostiolis erumpentibus. Sporis oblongis, continuis, hyalinis, (•0075 X '003 mm.).
On twigs of Rhamnus Californica. California (No. 2188).
Fhoma Fittospori, Cke. Sf Hark.
Gregaria sparsave, parvula. Peritheciis atris subglobosis tectis, demum sursum erumpentibus, sporis ellipticis, continuis, hyalinis, ('008 X *0025 mm.).
On twigs of Pittosporum. California (No. 2294). Accompanying Diplodia Pittospori, C. & H.
CALIFORNIAN FUNGI.
93
Phoma stigma, Che. 4' Hark.
Caulicola. Perithecia minuta, sparsa vel subgregaria, puncti- formis, semi-immersa, poro pertusa, sporis ellipticis, continuis, hyalinis ('006 x *003 mm.).
On stems of Portulaca. California (No, 1958).
Phoma heteiomeles, Che. 8f Park.
Epiphylla. Peritheciis subsparsis, semi -immersis, sursum nudi- bus, conico-convexis, atris, nitidis. Sporis elongato-ellipticis, con- tinuis, hyalinis, plerumque binucleatis ('01-'012 x '003 mm.).
On dead leaves of Heteromeles. California (No. 2312, 2089).
Phoma discosiseformis, Che 8f Hark.
Epiphylla, subgregaria. Peritheciis parvulis, superne nudibus convexo-applanatis, nitidis, atrofuscis. Sporis minutis, ovalibus continuis, hyalinis (*005 x '0025).
On dead leaves of Quercus aquifolia. California (No. 2135).
Phoma Pxitchardise, Cke. ^ Park.
Subgregaria. Peritheciis semi-immersis primo tectis, atris, nitidis, poro pertusis. Sporis cylindrico-ellipticis, utrinque ob- tusis, continuis, binucleatis, hyalinis (*014 x '003 mm.).
On leaves of Pritcliardia. California (No. 2167).
Sphaeropsis macxospeirmum, Cke. ^ Hark.
Superficiale, sparsum. Peritheciis subglobosis, atris, punctifor- mibus, laevibus, vix papillatis. Sporis magnis, ellipticis, utrinque rotundatis, hyalinis ('032-'04 x '012 mm.) granulis repletis, epi- sporio crasso.
Oli fallen Eucalyptus bark. California (No. 2000 bis). Kesembling in habit some such Sphaeria as S. millegrana.
Sphseropsis maculatum, Cke. ^ Hark.
Maculis atris, effusis, difformibus. Peritheciis gregariis, magnis globosis rugulosis erumpentibus. Sporis ellipticis, profusis, hya- linis ('01 X '005 mm.)
On palms. California (No. 2546).
A species of a very distinct character, the perithecia being seated on large blackened patches.
Diplodia resurgens, Cke. ^ Park.
Gregaria. Erumpens, demum subsuperficialis. Peritheciis globosis, atris, parvulis, nec papillatis, pertusis. Sporis arcte ellipticis, utrinque rotundatis, uniseptatis, nec in medio constrictis, laete brunneis ('012-'014 x '004 mm.)
On twigs of Rhus trilohata. California (No. 2134).
Clearly distinct from D. microspora, Sacc.
Diplodia Sarothamni, Che. ^ Hark.
Gregaria vel sparsa, tecta, subtiliter elevata, ostiolo atro pertusa ; peritheciis depressis atris. Sporis elongato-ellipticis, obtusis, uni- septatis, vix constrictis, fuscis ('03 x '01 mm.).
On twigs of Sarotharnnus. California (No. 2094).
94
CALIFORNIAN FUNGI.
Diplodia Amygdali, Cke. Hark.
Gregaria, tecta, corticem vix elevata. Peritheciis globoso- depressis, atris, papillatis. Sporis ellipticis, obtusis, uniseptatis, nec constrictis, fuscis (•02-*002 x ‘008 mm.)
On Apricot twigs. California (No. 2076).
Distinct from D. cerasorum. Fckl.
Diplodia Pittospoxi, Cke. Hark.
Sparsa vel subgregaria, tecta. Peritheciis subglobosis, atris, ostiolo punctiformi erumpente. Sporis ellipticis, diu hyalinis, continuis, demum uniseptatis, fuscis, nec constrictis (-002 x '912 mm.).
On twigs of Pittosporum. California (No. 2171).
Diplodia millegrana, Cke. ^ Hark.
Superficialis, gregaria. Peritheciis subglobosis, atris, laevibus, minimis. Sporis ellipticis, uniseptatis, utrinque rotundatis, nec medio constrictis, laete fuscis (•022--03 x *008 mm.).
On decorticated Acacia. California (No. 2102).
In habit resembling Sphceria millegrana. Schweinitz.
Diplodia lata, Cke. Hark.
Gregaria, tecta. Peritheciis globoso-depressis, atris, in corticem nidulantibus, vix elevatis. Sporis ellipticis, uniseptatis, utrinque rotundatis, medio constrictis, atro fuscis (*025 x •016-’018 mm.).
On branches of Acacia. California (No. 2283).
Characterised chiefly from its allies by the broad spores. Chromospomm lateritium, Cke. ^ Hark.
Effusum, pulverulentum, l^te lateritium, hyphis obsoletis. Sporis subglobosis ovatisve, hyalinis, roseo-tinctis (*01 x mm.).
On decorticated Acer. (No. 2488.)
Ceuthospora minima, Cke. ^ Hark.
Amphigena, parvula, convexa, atra, nitida (i-J mm. diam.) sparsa vel in maculas irregulares aggregata, demum sursum fissurata. Sporis bacilliformibus, obtusis, hyalinis (*02 x ’001 mm.), sporophoris brevibus simplicibus.
On dead leaves of Vaccinium. California (No. 2555). Festalozzia inquinans, Cke. Sf Hark.
Epiphylla, sparsa, immersa, demum fissurato-erumpens, mar- ginem circa sporis exudentibus inquinans. Sporis clavatis, trilo- cularibus, fuscis, utrinque hyalino-apiculatis, superne setis tribus ornatis, infra breviter pedicellatis (*02 x *005 mm. sine setis).
On dead leaves of Eucalyptus. California (No. 2094). Festalozzia polychaeta, Cke. ^ Hark.
Sparsa, tecta, demum elevata et stellato-fissurata, pustulis mediocribus. Sporis clavatis, trilocularibus, fuscis, utrinque hya- lino-apiculatis, superne 4-5 ciliatis (’025 x ‘008 mm. sine setis).
On twigs of Sarothamnus. California (No. 2095). Glaeosporium capsulairum, Cke. <L' Hark.
Gregarium, punctiforme, ore fissurato- lacerato ; sporis extrusis hinc illic in caespitibus pallidis acervatis; sporis cylindraceis utrinque obtusis, gracilbus, rectis, continuis hyalinis (*018-*02 x -0025 mm.).
On dead capsules of Eucalyptus. California (No. 2290).
CALIFORNIAN FUNGI.
95
Libextella Lonicexae, Clie. ^ Harlt.
Sparsa, tecta, leviter bnllata, demirni pertiisa. Conidiis fusi- formibus arcuatis, continuis, hyalinis, in cirrbos pallidos emergenti- bus ('02 X '025 mm. long).
On twigs of Lonicera. California (No. 2474).
Dictyospoxiuxn cixcinatum, Cke. ^ Hark.
Effusum, atro-fuliginosum, pulverulentum. Sporis subglobosis cordatisve, cellulosis (7-10) fuscis, cellulis globoso-compressis, circinatis, ut in Helicomatis simulantibus, absque liypliibus (sporis •035 mm. cellulis *01 mm. diam.).
Oli decorticated (No. 2434.)
Spores similar to those of Helicoma Berheleyi, but entirely with- out threads of any kind. A somewhat aberrant Dictyospormm.
Dictyospoxium opacum, Cooke (i:; Hark.
Maculeeforme, atrum. Sporis linguseformibus, applanatis, atro- fuligineis, subopacis (-05-*06 X -03-’035 mm.). Cellulis seriatis parallelibusque (circa *005 mm. diam.) compositis, numquam dis- silientibus.
On culms of Typlia latifolia. California. (No. 2507.) Bactxodesmium opacum, Cke. Hark.
Effusum, atrofuscum. Hyphis repentibus, sparsis, ramosis, septatis, flexuosis. Sporis assurgentibus, clavato-cylindraceis ; rigidis, sursum rotundatis, deorsum apiculato-attenuatis, atro- fuscis, opacis, multiseptatis (•! x *01 mm.') cellulis diametro 2-3 pio. brevioribus.
On cedar plank. California (No. 2363).
Bactxodesmium clavulatum, Cke. Hark.
Effusum, macul^forme, velutinum, atrum. Sporis clavatis, rectis, sursum rotundatis, deorsum in stipitem brevem attenuatis, 4-5 septatis, atrofuscis (-045-’05 x *015 mm.).
On bark of Eucalyptus. California (No. 1999, 2322). IMEystxospoxium tuxbinatum, Cke. & Hark.
Effusum, velutinum, atrum. Hyphis brevibus, tenuibus, sub- simplicibus, septatis, plerumque sparsis. Sporis turbinatis, mox liberis, 3-5 septatis, superne rotundatis, obscurioribus, opacis, deorsum attenuatis, subhyalinis (*025-‘028 x '01 mm.).
On decorticated Sequoia (No. 2495.)
Spores broader than in M. aterrinum from which it differs also in not being densely fasciculate, and in the spores being soon de- ciduous. Quite distinct from Helminthosporium Arecce B. & Br.
Helminthospoxium atxo-olivaceum, Cooke & Hark.
Atro-olivaceum, molle, lanosum, effusum. Hyphis flexuosis, tenuissimis (*0025- ’003 mm.) intertextis, plerumque simplicibus, breviter septatis ; sporis clavatis ellipticisve, multe crassioribus, obscurioribusque, quinqueseptatis, fuscis (•02-'025 x -0075 mm.).
On bark of Acacia. (No. 2328.)
Threads very delicate and flexuous, not half the diameter of the spores, which latter are very numerous.
96
CALIFORNIAN FUNGI.
Epochnium'glaucum, Che. Barh.
Palviiiatum, vel breviter effusum, molle, glaucum vel caesio- glaucum. Hypbis tenuibus, repentibus, ramulosis, hyalinis. Sporis sub-quadratis subglobosis, vel subpyriformibus (*01-015 X *01 mm.) cellulis 4-8 (plerumque 4) compositis, atro-fuscis.
On wood of oak (No. 2434), and of Umhellularia (No. 2445). California.
The component cells of the spores are about *004 mm. diam. Cladospozium bzunneum, Cke. cL’ Earle.
Tenuiter effusum, atrum. Hyphis fasciculatis, erectis, multi- septatis, leniter flexuosis, brunneis, ad basim obscurioribus. Sporis ellipticis, continuis, demum uniseptatis, nec constrictis, concolori- bus (*01-*014 X *004 mm.).
On dead leaves of Hedera. California (No. 1954).
Differs from its allies in the threads and spores being alike of a clear brown colour.
Stachybotrys scabza, Clee. <£• Earle.
Effusa, atra. Hyphis repentibus, ramosis, septatis, hyalinis, ramulis assurgentibus, ad apicem capitato- divisis. Sporis subglo- bosis, inaequalibus, verrucosis, atro-fuscis (*006-*01 mm.).
On Phormium tenax. California (No. 2458).
Stzumella Acaciae, Clee. d- Earle.
Gregaria, discoidea, convexa, superflcialis, atra. Hyphis simpli- cibus, rectis, compactis, in massam olivaceis. Conidiis ovalibus, profusis, acrogenis, pallide olivaceis, primo utrinque truncatis (•004--005 X *0025 mm.).
On twigs and branches of Acacia. California (Nos. 2175, 2355).
Blennozia umbellulaziae, Clee. d Earle.
Stroma discoidea, atra, convexa, subgregaria, erumpens. Hyphis bis vel tri-dichotomis, erectis, hyalinis. Sporis cylindraceis, termi- nalibus, utrinque obtusis, continuis, hyalinis (‘035- *04 x *004 mm.).
On branches of U7uhellularia. California (No. 1985). Fusazium gynezium, Clee. d Earle.
Aurantiacum, tenuiter effusum, maciflieforme. Sporis fusiformi- bus, utrinque abrupte attenuatis curvatisve, quinqueseptatis, nec constrictis (*05 x *006 mm.).
On sheaths of Gyneiinm argenteum. California (No. 1978). Fusaziuxn cataleptum, Che. 4* Earh.
Aurantio-rubrum, convexo-pulvinatum (-l-l.c.m.). Sporis elongato-fusiformibus, arcuatis, utrinque longe attenuatis, multi- nucleatis (*06-*08 x *044 mm.).
On branches of Acacia. California (No. 1981).
Fusazium Acaciae, Che. 4' Eark.
Koseum, minutum, punctiforme, gregarium, convexum. Sporis fusiformibus, utrinque acutis, curvulis, quinqueseptatis, hyalinis, (*045-*05 X *005 mm.).
On twigs of Acacia. California (No. 2353).
CALIFORNIAN FUNGI.
97
Fusarium obtusispoium, Cke. cf- Hark.
Pallidum, erumpens, convexum, margine tenui, saepe confluens. Sporis cylindraceis, curvulis, utrinque obtusis, indistincte trisep- tatis, hyalinis (-03--035 x '004--005 mm.).
On twigs of Acacia. California (No. 2273).
Tzichosporium fuscescens, Cke, Hark.
Late effusum, subcompactum, fuscescens ; hyphis ramosis, re- pentibus, densissime intertextis, septatis, fuscis. Sporis acrogenis, inspersisve, ovalibus vel subellipsoideis, levibus, fuscis (*008-*01 x •077 mm.).
On decorticated pine (No. 2491).
Zygodesmus mazginatus, Cke. ^ Hark.
Effusus, pallidus, margine lato albo sterili circumdatus. Hypliis repentibus, septatis, intertextis, hyalinis. Sporis globosis, nume- rosis, pallidis, spinulosis (‘OOG-'OOS mm.).
On pine wood. California (No. 2360).
Threads thicker than the diameter of the spores, or of equal thickness.
Tetzachia quadzigemina, Berk ^ Curt.
This is the Sporidesmium tessarthriim B. & C. and the Spegazzinia ornata Sacc, found originally in Cuba, and Venezuela.
Flora of British Fungi- (Hymenomycetes). — The Rev. John Stevenson has now announced this work, in two vols., post 8vo., with illustrations by Mr. Worthington Smith. The price to sub- scribers is fixed at 10s. 6d. each volume, which will be increased on publication. The issue will depend on a sufficient number of subscribers being received by an early date, in which case the first volume will be published without delay. Address, either to Rev. John Stevenson, Glamis, N.B., or to Messrs. W. Blackwood and Sons, Edinburgh.
WooLHOPE Fungus Foray, 1884. — The Club day is fixed for Thursday, October 16th. Visitors will assemble for the week on Monday, October 13th. The Essex Field Club Foray— to extend over two days — will be held on Friday and Saturday, Oct. 3rd and 4th.
A Real Yankee Puff-Ball. — In the “ American Naturalist” for May, 1884, Professor C. E. Bessey announces that a specimen of Lycoperdon giganteum has been found in Herkimer County, N.Y., which was of an oval outline, and measured five Jeet four inches in its longest diameter and four feet six inches in its smallest diameter, whilst its height was but nine and a half inches. Pro- fessor Call says of it, that it was “ much larger than the largest wash-tub we had at home.”
9
98
NEW BRITISH FUNGI.
By M. C. Cooke.
{Continued from p. 70J
Agaricus (Hebeloma) ischnostylus, Cooke.
Pileus slightly viscid, smooth, even, convex, then expanded, and broadly umbonate, white or a little pallid at the disc, inodorous (or with a faint odour of Spircea), margin thin, stem slender, equal, or a little thickened at the base, solid, smooth, naked, gills rounded behind and adnate, slightly serrate at the margin, whitish then argillaceous.
On the ground, amongst grass. Shrewsbury.
Pileus 1-2 inches broad, stem 2 inches long, inch* thick. Spores *012 x ‘0075 mm. Belongs to the section Denudati and allied to Ag. nudipes, but evidently not any form of that species. Will be figured in the “ Illustrations.”
Agazicus (Naucoria) cidaris, Fr. Hym. Fur. 253.
Pileus rather fleshy, conical then campanualate, even, clay coloured cinnamon, when dry tan-coloured, margin undulated, striate, stem hollow, fusiform short, smooth dark brown, gills affixed, then seceding, ventricose crowded, honey-coloured.
In pine woods, and on the ground around trunks. Near Here- ford (Dr. Bull).
Pileus an inch high and broad, or more ; stem IJ in. long. Inodorous.
Hydnum (Resupinati) stipatum, Fr. Hym. Fur. 617.
Whitish. Subiculum broadly effused, flocculoso-fnrfuraceous, crustaceous, adnate, spines crowded, granuliform, rather obtuse and denticulate.
On rotten wood. Carlisle (Dr. Carlyle).
Differing from the other species with white spines in the fur- furaceous stratum. The spines are obtuse and crowded, very few being toothed. The whiteness is retained in drying.
Hydnum Weinmanni, Fr. Hym. Eur. 613.
The typical form has been found by Dr. Carlyle, near Carlisle, and also, what appears to be, a variety, which differs in being of a deep bay- brown when fresh, with obtuse spines of the same colour. This species was only found previously in this country by the late Rev. A. Bloxam.
IVIozchellia Smithiana, Cooke MycograpMa t. 83.
This species has again been found and forwarded to us in a fresh state from Malton, Yorks. There is no doubt in our minds of its being a good species. The pileus of the specimen in question was four inches in diameter, and four inches in height. The sporidia are proportionately narrower than in allied species, being about *02 X *008, and although sometimes as long as '022 or '023 mm, the
NEW BRITISH FUNGI.
99
width is not increased. The paraphyses are very thick. The pits of the pileus half an inch in diameter, and equally deep. The stem densely but shortly tomentose. Specimen preserved in the Herbarium of the Royal Gardens, Kew.
Tilletia sphaeirococca, F. de Waldh. Bull. Mosc. 1867 p. 255.
Mycelium black. Spores globose or obtiise-ovoid ('026-*03 mm.) dark brown reticulations of the epispore more prominent than in Tilletia caries. — Mem. sur les Ustilag. p. 254.
In the ovaries of Agrostis pumila. Glen Cluny (F. C. S. Roper).
Entyloma canescens, Sehrdter, Beitr. z. Biol. Pflanzen ii., 372.
Leafspots (1-3 mm. diam.) at first whitish, then turning brown or black. Spores nearly sphEerical (•008-*012 mm. diam.), smooth almost colourless, and rather thin-walled. Scottish Naturalist Ap. 1884, p. 125 and 181. Protomyces Fergussoni. B. Br. Herb. Berk. No. 5247.
On leaves of Myosotis. New Pitsligo and Aberdeen.
Entyloma Calendulse, Be Bary, Bot. Zcit. 1874.
Spores rounded or angular •008-*012 mm. (mostly •Ql-’012 mm.) with a sporoderm of two membranes, yellowish. Fisch. de Waldh. Ustilag. p. 246. Scottish Naturalist Jan.y 1884, p. 124. Protomyces Hieracii Berk, in Herb. No. 5248.
On leaves of Hieracium. Noran woods.
Doassansia alismatis, Cornu. Ann. 8ci. Nat. (1883) xv., 285.
Effused, circinating, on both surfaces of the leaves. Sori •2--28 mm. diam. x*16-*2 mm. deep. Spores numerous, nearly sphgerical (*008 mm. diam.) pale brown, and thin-walled. Cells of outer wall brown, and about *02 mm. x *008-*01 mm. Scottish Naturalist Ap. 1884,^9. 180. Protomyces macularis Fckl. Symb. Myc.p. 75. Tham. Myc. Univ. No. 1417. Protomyces Sagit- tarise Fckl. Vize Micr. Fungi. Protomyces Alismatis, Berk, in Herb. .^cidium incarceratum. Berk, in Rahh. Fung. Eur. No. 1492. Uredo Sagittari». West, and Wall. Herb. Beige. Physoderma maculare ( R^a//r.) in Thum. Myc. Univ. No. 1417.
On leaves of Alisma plantago^ and Sagittaria.
Oidium pactolinum, Cooke.
Tenuiter effusum, aiireo-fulvum. Hyphis brevissimis, tenuis, vix conspicuis. Conidiis subglobosis, concatenatis, utrinque polo primo truncatis, demum (liberis) rotundatis, plasmate aureo, sub- granuloso repletis (*01 mm. diam.).
Forming a thin stratum, as if sprinkled with gold powder. Threads so short as scarce to be detected. Conidia in chains of from 6 to 10 nearly globose cells, at first longer than broad, and truncate at the ends, but at maturity, and when detached, becoming globose, with a thin hyaline membrane, and granular golden yellow contents.
On living leaves of Jasminum sambac in stove. Isleworth (G. Nicholson).
100
NEW BRITISH FUNGI.
Acmosporium tricephalum, Phillips in Gard. Chron. Mar. 8, 1884,
fig. 61.
Small oval white tufts in. long formed of a layer of loosely interwoven colourless hyphse, from which arise simple erect septate stems, once or twice branched in the upper part, the extremities of each branch again divided into three short branchlets, which are slightly enlarged upwards, and each terminated by a globose head on which are seated several globose spores. Total height 25 mm.; width of stem -01 mm.; diameter of globose head *014 mm.; spores *005 mm.
On fallen leaves of Cryptomeria Japonica.
BEITISH FRESH-WATER ALG^.
Chroolepus umbxinum (Kvtz.) has recently been obtained by Mr. Varenne in Essex. He says, “ It seems frequent on the bark of oak and elm trees, in woods, and in the more open country about Kelvedon.”
lyiicxothamnion vexator (Cooke) has been found by Mr. F. Bates in the neighbourhood of Leicester, also
Spirogyra velata (Cleve) in excellent fruit.
Symphyosiphon Hoffmanni (Ag.) was detected by us a few days since in one of the stoves of the Royal Botanic Society, in Regent’s Park. M. C. C.
NOTES ON HYPOCREACEiE.
(Continued from p. 83.)
Claviceps Wilsoni, Cooke in Grevillea xii., p. 77. Barya aiirantiaca. Plow. Sf IT'iZs., Gard. Chron. Feb. 9, 1884.
This has nothing in common with the genus Barya, to which it has been referred, that being only a ca^spitose Acrospermum. Cordyceps isarioides, Curt, in Cat. Plants. N. Carolina, p. 138. Cordyceps gryllotalpae, Curt, in Cat. Plants. N. Carolina, p. 138.
Of both these nothing but the names appear to have been published.
Hypocrea dacrymycella, Cooke ^ Plow.
Stromatibus gregariis (3-4 mm.), superficialibus pulvinatis, humectis tremelloideis, subrufis, demum siccis collabescentibus, ex ostiolis obscurioribus punctiformibus punctatis. Ascis cylindraceis. Sporidiorum articulis ecqualibus, 16, subglobosis leniter granulatis, olivaceis ( 00G-*008X'006 mm.).
On Scotch fir. Brandon, England (C. B. Plouf right).
Hypocrea flavo-virens, Berk, in Herh. J\o. 8305.
Pulvinata, orbicularis, demum centro depresso (1-3 mm.) flavo- virescens, ostiolis punctiformibus, atro-viridis. Ascis cylindraceis. Sporidiorum articulis subglobosis truncatis, olivaceis.
On bark. Nilgherries, India.
NOTER ON HYPOCREACE^.
10]
N ectria infusaxia, Qoolie ^ Hark.
C^espitosa, erumpens, pallide rubra. Peritlieciis paucis, ovali- bus, ceraceo-mollis subconfluentibus, Igevibus, glabris, 5-10 in stromatice gerentibus. Ascis cylindraceis octosporis. Sporidiis uniseriatis ellipticis, obtusis, uniseptatis, nec constrictis, hyalinis demum pallidis (*01 x *0045 mm.).
Conidiis plerumque consociatis, vel in pustulis praecedentibus, fusarioideis, stromate pulvinato, rubro-pallescente, sporis curvulis, utrinque acutis, triseptatis, gracilibus, hyalinis (•03-*04 x '0025 Tam.)=Fusarium Acacice, C. & H.
On Acacia twigs. (No. 2362, 2268.) California.
Byssonectxia chxysocoma, Cke. ^ Hark.
Lignicola. Stroma fibroso-byssoidea, aurea, effusa. Peritheciis minutis gregariis (’l-’lb mm.) obovatis, tenuibus, flavido-fuscis, in stromate semi-immersis. Ascis clavatis, octosporis. Sporidiis biseriatis arcte ellipticis, uniseptatis hyalinis (’Ol x ’002-*0025 mm.).
On wood of Eucalyptus. (No. 2321.) California. Byssonectria zosella, Cke. ^ Hark.
Tenuis, effusa, rosella. Hyphis repentibus intertextis. Peri- theciis minutis inspersis obscurioribus (incompletis). Conidiis fusarioideis lunatis, utrinque acutis quinqueseptatis, plerumque nodulosis hyalinis immixtis (*04 x *005-*006 mm.).
On dead grass. California. (No. 2241.)
Unfortunately, in an immature condition, the perithecia alone being formed. The conidia appear to present distinctive characters. Dialonectria filicina, Cke. Hark.
Sparsa vel gregaria, aurantia, intra squamulas filicis nidulans. Peritheciis obovatis, Isevibus, glabris subnitidis, vix papillatis. Ascis cylindraceis octosporis. Sporidiis elliptico-cylindricis, utrin- que obtusis hyalinis (*008 X *0025 mm.).
On stipes of tree-fern. California. (2133.)
Acxospexmum Robexgeanum, Desm. Ann. des. Sci. Hat. ser. 3, t. xvi.
(1851) 300, Desm. Cnjpt, Ho. 51.
Sparsum minutum clavatum cylindricum brunneo-pallidum, apice et basi albidum siccum nigrescens complanatum. Ascis cylindraceis, longissimis, tenuibus, octoporis (-25 mm.) sporidiis parallele stipatis filiformibus, ascis longitudine subsequalibus, hyalinis.
In foliis semiputridis Corni sanguinece.
Aczospexmum fultum, Harkness in Trans. California Acad. Sci.
1884, p. 47.
Acrospermum (Baxya) parasiticum, Fckl. Sace. Syll. No. 5003. Acro-
spermum stromaticum, Cooke in Grev. vin., 38. Epichloe virescens Quelet inGrev. Viii.,'38. Acrospermum virescens, Sacc. Syll., No. 5870.
Whichever description may prove to be most accurate, we have at least satisfied ourselves, by examination of authentic specimens of Fuckel’s and Quelet’s plants, that both are in all respects abso- lutely identical.
10
102
SYNOPSIS PYRENOMYCETUM.
SuB-OiiD. Pyrenomycetes.
Fam. 1. Hypocreaceje, De Not.
Simplices vel compositse. Perithecia subcarnosa vel ceraceo- membranacea, laete colorata numquam carbonacea. Ostiolo dehis- centia. Stroma, ubi adest molliiisculum, carnoso -ceraceum, rarius byssinum. Sporidia plerumque hyalina rarius fusca. — Sacc. Syll.
ii. 447.
Suh-Fam. I. HYPOCREOIDE^.
Gen. 1. CLAVZCEPS, Tui. — Stroma verticale, e sclerotic. Sporidia filiformia hyalina. — Sacc. Syll. ii. 564.
1. purpurea, Fr. ...*5005 4. pusilla, Ces. ... 5008
2. microcephala. Tui. ... 5006 5. setulosa, Quel. ... 5009
3. nigricans, 2'ul. ... 5007 6. Wilsoni, xii. 77
Gen. 2. CORDTCEPS, Tries. — Stroma verticale, entomogenum, subinde mycogenum, clavatum. Sporidia filiformia, in articulos mox secedentia, hyalina.
A. Entomogence.
'* Stroma simplicia, clavula rotundata vel elliptica.
7. entomorrhiza (Dicks.) 5012
V. gracilis, Grev. ... 5001 V. menesteridis, Berk.
8. insignis, Cke.., Grev. xii. 38
9. Wallaysii, West ... 5014
10. armeniaca, B. 4" C. ... 5016
11. flavella, B. ^ C. ... 5022
12. Ditmari, Quel. ... 5024
13. dipterigena,R. Rr. 5053
14. myrmecophila, Ces. 5010
15. Humberti, Roh. ... 5045
16. coccigena, Tui. ... 5047
17. Helopis, Quel. ... 5025
18. cinerea. Tui. ... 5026
19. unilateralis, Tui. ... 5027
20. australis, Speg. ... 5028
** Stroma furcata, vel ramosa.
21. bicephala, B. ... 5029 23. sobolifera, B. ... 5021
22. palustris, B. ^ Br. ... 5018 24. racemosa, B. ... 5049
Stroma simplicia, clavula elongata.
25. Gunnii, Berk. ... 5030
26. curculionem. Tui. ... 5013
27. sphecophila, Kl. ... 5015
28. stylophora, B. 4' 5017
29. gentilis, Ces. ... 5020
30. alutacea, Quel. ... 5023
31. pistillari£eformis,S.^'R/’.5019
32. militaris, Linn. ... 5031
33. memorabilis, Ces. ... 5032
34. rRobertsii, Hook. ... 5034 |=(7. Hugelii, Corda.
35. Ravenelii, B. 4" C. 5035
36. superficialis, Peck 5036
37. facicularis, Pav. ... 5037 \—Carolinensis , B. & Br.
38. typhulieformis, B. 4" Cke.
Grev. xii. 78
39. falcata, Berk. ... 5040
40. sinensis, B. ... 5051
41. Barnesii, Thw. ... 5052
42. fuliginosa, Ces. ... 5042
* These numbers, to the right, are those of the species in Saccardo’a “ Sylloge.”
SYNOPSIS PYRENOMYCETUM.
103
*5^ Stroma ramosa vel fasciculata.
43. caloceroides, B. ^ C. 5050 =ccespitosa^ Tui. ... 5043
44. Sinclairi, Berk. ... 5054 45. Tajlori, Berk. ... 5041
Perithecia in stromate conspersa vix capitata.
46. sphingum, Tui. ... 5033 47. memorabilis, Ces. ... 5032
B. Mycogence.
48. opbioglossoides, Ehr. 5038 49. capitata, Holms, ... 5039
C . Species incertoe.
50. melolonthae, Tui. ... 5044 53. albida, B. C. in Herh.
51. Miquelii, Tui. ... 5046 54. herculea {Schw.) ... 5055
52. Montagnei, B. ^ C.... 5048 55. adpropinquans, Ces. 5056
Gen. 3. CORALLOMyCES, B. ^ Gwri.— Stroma ramosum fili- forme, perithecia nuda ramis stromatis insita. — Sacc. Syll. ii. 519.
56. elegans, B. ^ G. ... 4832
Gen. 4. EFICHLOE, Juries —Stroma sessile effusum, culmos plerumque circumambiens. Sporidia filiformia, Sacc. Syll. ii. 598.
57. typhina (P.) ... 5057 61. strangulans (M.)... 5058
58. cinerea, ... 5059 62. atramentosa, P. ^ (7. 5066
59. pulvinulus, Berk. ... 5068 63. Bambusse, B. ^ Br. 5064
60. semiamplexa, B. ^ C. 5067
Gen. 5. GLAZIELLA, Berk.— Sivoma, subglobosum, carnosum Iseticolor, sporidia plerumque dubium. — Sacc. Syll. ii. 581.
64. abnormis (B. ^ C.) ... 5071 67. ceramichroa(^.^Pr.)5074
65. aurantiaca. Berk. ... 5072 68. vesiculosa. Berk. ... 5075
66. splendens. Berk. ... 5073
Gen. 6. HYPOCREA, Fries. — Perithecia stromate pulvinato vel effuso subsuperficiale immersa. — Sacc. Syll. ii. 520.
A. PoDOCROA, Sacc. Stroma verticaliter elongata.
69. alutacea, P. ... 4882 72. brevipes, M. ... 4886
70. larvata, M. ... 4884 73. grossa, B. ... 4874
71. Petersii, ^ C. ... 4885
B. Eu-hypocrea, Sacc. Stroma pulvinata, disciforma vel effusa. Sporidia didyma, articulis secedentibus.
a. Stroma pulvinata vel discoidea.
I Sporidia hyalina.
|
74. cerebriformis, B. |
... 4897 |
|
75. peltata, Jungh. |
... 4916 |
|
7 6. rufa (P.) |
... 4834 |
|
77. vinosa, Cke. |
... 4846 |
|
78. jecorina, B. 4" Br. |
... 4864 |
|
79. discella, B. 4' Br. |
... 4869 |
|
80. pezizoides, B. 4" Br. |
... 4865 |
81. patella, C. ^ P. ... 4849
82. laetior, B. ^ C. ... 4867
83. pulvinata, Fckl. ... 4835
84. lycogalge, K. C,... 4847
85. tremelloides, Sch.... 4839
86. Eichardsoni, P. ^ T7.4873
87. MmhvmsbfCke.^Orev. xii. 78
104
SYNOPSIS PYRENOMYCETUM.
88. snbrufa, ^ (7^5., xii. 79 95. palmicola, B. ^ C. 4862
89. minima, Sacc. ... 4837 96. lenta, Tode. ... 4836
.. 4838 97. Schweinitzii, i^r.
90. olivacea, C. ^ E.
91. insignis, B. C.
92. stereorum, Schw.
93. saccharina, B. 4' C.
94. subcitrina, K. ^ C.
4907 98. atrata, Karst.
.. 4840 .. 4841 .. 4844 .. 4859
110. sulfurella, K. 4' C. 4854
111. spinulosa, FcH. ... 4851
112. flavovirens, Berk.,
Grev. xii. 100
113. Molinis, Pass. ... 4856
114. nigulosa, B. ^ Cke.^
Grev. xii. 79
4915 99. rigens, Fr.
4906 100. contorta, Schw.
4848 101. solenostoma,.S. 4887
tf Sporiclia colorata.
102. gelatinosa, Tode. ... 4850 109. chrysostigma,j5T.^C.4855
103. multiformis, B. 4' 4861
104. dacry my cella, C. 4" Bl.,
Grev. xii. 100
105. clilorospora, B. 4' C. 4852
106. chromosperma, 4857
107r aureoviridis, PI. 4" C. 4853 108. catoptron, B. 4" Br.... 4863
fff Color non indicatus.
115. hsematoplaca, Mont.... 4858 116. fibula, d'Not ... 4868
b. Stroma effusa.
•f Sporidia hyalina.
117. citrina (P.) ... 4875 126. deplanata, P. 4871
118. Karsteniana, ') Aor-a 127. Cesatiana, (7^*^.,
■iO / D ..r~o
Xll. /8
128. liypomycella, Sacc. 4880
129. lactea, Fr. ... 4878
130. farinosa, B. 4" Br. 4879
131. stipata, Lih. ... 4881
132. colliculosa. Fries. ^
Grev. xii. 79
4901
4904 4866 4877
4905 4909 4896
= fungicola^ Karst.
119. ocbroleuca, B. 4’ Bav
120. armeniaca, B. 4' C. ...
121. albofulva, B. 4’ Br. ...
122. delicatula, Tul.
123. polyporoidea, B. 4' C.
124. sulfurea, Schivz.
125. cervina, B. 4' C.
d. Stroma ohsoleta.
133. inclusa, B. 4' Br. ... 4895
C. Ph^ospora. Stroma pulvinata vel discoidea. Sporidia elliptica fusca, episporio asperulo.
134. rhytidospora, Ces. ... 4894
D. Selinia, /iTarsf. ii, 457^. Stroma vermciforme, vil-
losulum. Sporidia continua hyalina.
134*. pulchra (Wint.) ... 4586
a. Stroma efifusa.
135. Nilgherrensis, P. ^ (7^’^., 136. Fendleri,P. C«H.,
Grev. xii. 79 Grev. xii. 80
h. Stroma discoidea.
137. consimilis, P///5 xii. 79. 138. viridans, P. 4 C. 4892
SYNOPSIS PYRENOMYCETUM.
105
E. Clintoniella, Sacc. Stromate variis. Sporidiis fusoideis
raro ellipsoideis uni-septatis.
139. corticioides, B. ^ Br. 4890
140. carnea, K. ^ Cke. ... 4842
141. impressa, M. ... 4893
142. fusca, Mont, ... 4860
143. undulata, B. ^ Che.,
Grev. xii. 79
144. citrinella, Eliis ... 4843
145. apiculata, C. ^ Pk. 4889
146. fusigera B. 8^ Br. 4891
147. Carteri, B. ^ Cke.^
Grev. xii. 79
148. tuberculariformis,
Behm. ... 4845
a. Hypocreopsis, Karst. Stroma tuberoso-carnosum, lobatum. Sporidia ellipsoidea uniseptata, hyalina.
149. riccioidea (Boli.) ... 6173
F. Broomella {Sacc. Syll. ii. 557.) Sporidia subfusoidea 2-pluriseptata.
150 vitalbas B. ^ Br. ... 4987 152 chlorina, Cke. ... 4989
151 Kavenelii, ... 4988 153 nephidium, ^ .Sr. 3357
G. Hypocrella {Sacc. Syll. ii. 579). Sporidia filiformia.
§ Perithecia concreta.
154. phyllogena, ilf. ... 5060 159. hypoxylon,Pec^.... 5069
155. discoidea, B. ^ Br. ... 5061 160. macul£eformis,5.^C.4883
156. scutata, Cke. ... 5062 r. p r, • t • ,-7
157. Palm^, B. ^ Br. ... 5063 § § Perithecia libera.
158. cyperacearum, i^. ^ (7. 5065 161 tuberiformis, 4902
Species imperfectae.
162 parasitans, B. ^ C. ... 4870 169. sublobata, Schw. 4911
163. semiorbis, B. ... 4898 170. cupularis, Fr. ... 4912
164. atrovirens, il/. ... 4899 171. enteromorpba,Zei;. 4913
165. Berggreni, Cke. ... 4900 172. molliuscula, Schw. 4914
166. subviridis, B. 4' C. ... 4903 173. variabilis, Curr. ... 4917
167. artocreas, B. ^ Br. ... 4908 174. armata, Fr. ... 4888
168. sterilior, Schw. ... 4910
Gen. 7. POLYSTZGBflA. Pers. Sacc. ii. 458. — Stroma effusum, fulvum vel rubrum, phyllogenum.
175. rubrum, Pers. ... 4587 177. Bumelige, S. ... 4589
176. fulvum, D. C. ... 4588
Gen. 8. VALSONECTRIA. Speg. Sacc. ii. 519. — Perithecia valsoideo-circinantia, tecta.
* Sporidia uniseptata.
178. pulchella, Speg. ... 4833
Thyronectria {Sacc. ii. 561). Sporidia muriformia.
179. patavina, Sacc. ... 4997 180. pyrochlora, Awd. 4998
106
SYNOPSIS PYRENOMYCETUM.
Sub -Fam. II. NECTRI^.
Gen. 9. SPHAIROSTILBE. toe. /SfyZZ. ii. 611.— Perithecia
Nectrice sed in basi vel in consortio fungilli condiophori verticaliter elongata.
* Sporidia uniseptata.
|
181. |
nammea, Tid. |
... 4807 |
|
182. |
sanguinea, Fckl. |
... 4808 |
|
183. |
ciespitosa, Fckl. |
... 4809 |
|
184. |
aurantiaca, Tul. |
... 4810 |
|
185. |
coccopbila, Tul. |
... 4811 |
|
186. |
hyalina, Fckl. |
... 4812 |
|
187. |
gracilipes, Tul. |
... 4813 |
|
188. |
Wrightii, B 4 C. |
... 4814 |
|
189. |
fu'sea, Fckl. |
... 4815 |
|
190. |
flavo-viridis, Fckl. |
... 4816 |
** Megalonectria.
Sporidiis
191. emnabarma, Tul. 4817
192. variabilis, -Br. 4818
193. incerta, Ces. ... 4819
194. hypocreoides K. 4'
Cke. ... 4820
195. repens, jB. 5r.... 4821
196. nitida, B. C. ... 4822
197. lateritia, 5. 4' C 4823
198. rosea, K. 4 Cke.... 4824
199. dnbia, B. ... 4825
Sacc. Syll. ii. 560. luriformibus.
900 Cpseudo-tricliia, Schw. 4995 201. nigrescens, K. 4'
{JiypocrateriformiSy B.& Br. Cke. ... 4996
Gen. 10. NECTRIA. i^Wes.—Perithecia libera, csespitosa, subinde stromati conidifero insidentia. Sporidia oblongata.
202.
203.
205.
206.
209.
211.
212.
213:
214.
215.
216.
217.
218.
219.
220.
A. Eu-nectriella. Sporidia continua.
* Asci octospori.
miltina, Mont. ... 4547 204. fusarioides. Berk. 4561
microspora, C. 4" E. 4555
** Chilonectria. Asci polyspori. cucurbitula, Curr. ... 4574 207. Eosellinii, Car. ... 4577 sulphurella. Not. ... 4575 208. myriospora, Cr. ... 4576
Aponectria, >Bacc. ii. 516,
inaurata, E. ^ Er. ... 4826 210. coryli, ... 4674
B. Sporidia uniseptata.
* Metanectria, Sacc. ii. 517. Asci polyspori.
citrum {Wallr.) ... 4828.
** Asci octospori.
|
cinnabarina, Tode. |
... 4662 |
|
ribis, Tode. |
... 4663 |
|
decolorans, Fr. |
... 4797 |
|
punicea, Kze. |
... 4664 |
|
rubicarpa, C. |
... 4665 |
|
Cel astri, S. |
... 4669 |
|
illudens, Berk. |
... 4736 |
|
verrucosa, S. |
... 4790 |
|
sinopica, Fr. |
... 4666 |
221. Eussellii, C. 4668
222. coccinea, P. ... 4670
223. Desmazierii, Not. 4672
224. sub-coccinea,AS.^-E'. 4673
225. ditissima, Tul. ... 4671
226. eximia, K. 4' C. ... 4667
227. vulgaris, Speg. ... 4676
228. Bogosarum, Pass. 4677
229. Zelandica, Cke. ... 4678
SYNOPSIS PYRENOMYCETUM.
107
230.
231.
232.
233.
234.
235.
236.
237. 238
239.
240.
241.
242.
243.
244.
245.
261.
b,
263.
264.
265.
266.
267.
268. 269.
cucurbitula, Tode. ... heterosperma, K. ^ C. hematocliroma, Speg. Iteticolor, B. ^ C. ... bactridioides, B. ^B. infusaria, Cke. ^ H.
Grev. xii. 101 Magnusiana, Relim. ... nigropunctata, Speg. . . . nigrescens, Cke. bicolor, 5. ^ (7. aurantiicola,^. ^Br, . . . gjrosa,^. ^ Br. aureofulva, C. ^ E. ... offuscata, B. ocbracea, Grev. aquifolii, Fr.
4680
4682
4683
4684 4679
4685
4686
4687
4690
4691 4681
4692
4688
4689
4693
246. armeniaca, Tui. ... 4675
247. chlorella, Fr. ... 4694
248. ochroleuca, Schw. 4789
249. chrjsiteSjll^aZZr.... 4695
250. collabens, B. ^ Cke.,
Grev. xii. 81
251. applanata, Fr. . . 4697
252. discophora, M. ... 4698
253. rhizogena, Cke. ... 4699
254. alutacea, B ^ Cke. l.c. 81
255. stilbosporae. Tui.... 4702
256. stenospora, 4703
257. selenosporii, iTwZ.... 4704
258. aglseothele, jB. ^ (7. 4732
259. carneo-rosea,BeAm. 4709
260. Passeriniana, Cke.,
Grev. xii. 81
a. Cryphonectria. Stroma grumosa.
variicolor, Fckl. ... 4784 262. abscondita, Sacc. 4785
Lepidonectria, Sacc. ii. 503. Perithecia furfuracea vel squamulosa.
Ralfsii, B. ^ Br. ... 4767 270 mammoidea. Plow. 4774
apocyni, Pk. ... 4769 271. hypocreoides, B. ^ Cke.,
subquaternata, B. ^ C. 4701 Grev. xii. 81
furfuracea, K. ^ C. ... 4zll0 272. dematiosa, S. ... 4782
diploa, ^ C. ... 4771 273. pulcherrima, B. ^
dealbata, R. 4- iZ. ...4772 Br. ...4962
pityrodes, Mont. ... 4773 274. Otagensis, Gurr. 6174
C. Calonectria, Sacc, ii. 540. Sporidia pluriseptata.
* Sporidia 2-5 septatee.
275. cucurbitula, i^r. ... 4934 278. Oudemansii, West. 4948
276. decora, Wallr. ... 4936 279. citrino-aurantia,Zac. 4950
277. rigidiuscula, B. ^ Br. 4938 280. balsamea, C.^ Pk. 4804
** Sporidia 6-10 septata.
O0 1 Cai^ngera, B ^ Br. ... 4931 282 polythalama, B. ... 4933
\=^jiavitecta, B. &. C. 4935
Sporidia muriformia.
283. Lamyi, Desm. ... 4990 287. Tasmanica, B. ... 4795
284. Berolinensis, S'ucc. ... 4991 288. fenestrata, B. ^ C.
285. megalospora, Sp. ... 4992 Grev. xii. 81
286. austro- americana, S. 4993
D. Species duhice.
... 4788 290. dubia K. ^ C. ... 4800
289. aurora. Fries
108
SYNOPSIS PYRENOMYCETUM.
Gen. 11. HYPOIYEYCES, Fries. /Sacc. ii. 466. — Subicnliim byssino- velutiimm, fuugicoliim.
* Peckiella. Sporidia continua.
291. viridis, A. S. ... 4633 297. byalinns, S. ... 4639
292. Tulasneanus, PZoii;. ... 4643 298. transformans, FJc. 4640
293. chrysostomus, 4635 299. Banningige, ... 4641
294. Van-Brnntianns, Ger. 4636 300. ater, Fr. Grev. xii. 80
295. violaceus, Fr. ... 4637 301. apiosporns, Che., Grev.
296. polyporiniis, PA;. ... 4638 xii. 80
** Eu-hypomyces. Sporidia uniseptata.
A. My cogence.
302. asteropborus, Tul. ... 4611
303. fusisporus, Tul. ... 4612
304. melanostigma, Tul. 4613
305. cbrysospermus, Tul.... 4614
306. lateritius, Fr. ... 4615
307. aureonitens, Tul. ... 4616
308. spadiceus, Fr., Grev.
xii. 80
309. rosellus, A. ^ /S. ... 4617
310. roseus, Pers. ... 4618
311. lactifluorum, Schw. ... 4619
312. Broomeanus, Tul. ... 4620
313. ocbraceus, P. ... 4621
314. tomentosus. Fries. ... 4643
315. auran tins, P^rs. ... 4622
316. fulgens, Fr. ... 4623
Berkelella. S
330. stilbiger, B. ^ Br. ... 4642
317. Berkeleyanus, P^oiy.
C. ... 4625
318. candicans, P/oii?.... 4626
319. pceonius, B. ^ Br. 4627
320. torminosus, Mont. 4628
321. floccosus, Fr. ... 4629
322. insignis, P. C 4630
323. chromaticus, P.... 4631
324. Cesatii, Mont. ... 4632
325. subiculosus(P.^(7.) 4763 B. Terrigence, lignicolce,
326. terrestris, Plow. 4'
Bond. .. 4624
327. tegillum, P. C. 4645
328. pannosus, Schivz., Grev.
xii. 80
329. flavescens, Schwz., Grev.
xii. 80.
Dridia pluriseptata.
Species ascis ignotis.
331. deformans, Lagg. ... 4644 334. agaricola, Chaill. 4648
332. trichoderma, Hoffm.... 4646 335. tubericola, Schivz. 4659
333. fulvus, Fr. ... 4647 336. boleticola, Schwz. 4650
Species incompletce.
337. Linkii, Tul. ... 4651
338. pezizse, l\l. ... 4652
339. cervinus, 2\d. ... 4653
340. decipiens, Tul. ... 4654
341. bombacinus, Karst. ... 4655
342. chlorinus, Tul.
343. Baryanus, Tul.
344. tuberosus, Tul.
345. miliarius, Tul.
346. albus, Cr.
4656
4657
4658
4659
4660
Gen. 12. ELEUTHEROMYCES, Peritbecia cylindraceo-
subulata, subdiapbana. — Sacc. ii. 455.
Sporidia continua, setigera.
847. subulatus {Tode) ... 4578
SVNOl’818 PYKENOMYCETUM.
100
Gen. 13. BYSSONECTRIA, Karst. Sacc. ii. 456. — Stromate byssino- connexse, perithecia subsuperticialia, conferta.
A. Sporidia hyalina.
* Sporidia continua.
348. obducens, Karst. ... 4583 349. fimeti, Cke. ... 4584
** Hyphonectria — Sporidia uniseptata.
350. byssiseda, B. Br. 4758 355. umbrinella,^.^.fir. 2762
351. australis, B. ^ B. ... 4759 356. fimicola, Fkl. ... 4761
352. flavo-lanata, ^ Br. 4779 357, bryopbila, Boh. ... 4764
353. pezicula, Speg. ... 4760 358. epigoea, Cke. ... 4765
354. cbrysocoma, Cke. ^ Hk.,
Crev. xii. 101
Sporidia 2-5 septata.
359. ambigua, Speg. ... 4943
B. Sporidia colorata.
* Spha^roderma. Sporidia continua.
360. theleboloides, Fckl. ... 4590
** Letendr^a. Sporidia uniseptata.
361. turbinata, Fckl. ... 4921 362. eurotioides, Sacc. 4920
C. Species duhice.
363. auricoma, Wallr. ... 4787 365. Eugenia, Curr. ... 4802
364. Dufourii, Fries. ... 4798 366. rosella, Cke. ^ Hark..,
Grev. xii. 101
Gen. 14. OOIMEYCES, B. Br. — Perithecia pauca sacculo inclusa,
sporidia filiformia, hyalina.
367. carneo- albus {Lih.) ... 5004
Gen. 15. FUIGGARIELLA. Subiculum flabellatum.
Perithecia scutellato-dimidiata. — Sacc. ii. 478.
* Sporidia hyalina, didyma.
368. apiahyna, Speg. ... 4661
Gen. 16. DIALONECTRIA, Sacc. Cp.p.). — Perithecia libera, superficialia, gregaria vel sparsa, carnosa, glabra, Isete colorata.
A. Nectriella.
a. lignicolce vel corticolce.
369. aurea, S. ^ S. ... 4551
370. saccharina, ^ C.... 4700
371. chrysites, West. ... 4556
372. vulpina, Cke. Eliis N.E.
Fungi, No. 774
373. coruscans, Fr. ... 4559
374. jucunda, M. ... 4548
Sporidia continua.
375. thelopsioides, Cr. 4563
376. bambusse, B. Br. 4558
377. jucundula, S. 4 S. 4549
378. resinae, Fr. 4564
b. fructicolve.
379. versoniana, N. # P. 4552
c. herbicolce vel foliicolce.
380. digitalicola, Cr. ... 4562
110
SYNOPSIS PYRENOMYCETUM.
381. citrina, Cr. ... 4565 d. In cry ptog amis parasiticae.
382. umbelliferarum, Cr..., 4566 385. mycetophila, Pk.... 4554
383. chlorina, Cr. ... 4567 386, perpusilla, M. ... 4560
Cfurfurella, i?. ^i?r. ... 4568 e. Charticolce.
' X=Keithii,B. ... 4569 387. papyrogeHajAS. 4* -P. 4553
B. eu-Dialonectria. Sporidia uniseptata hyalina.
a. Lignicolce vel corticolce.
388. sanguinea, Fr. ... 4721
389. peziza, Tode. ... 4757
390. laurina, Sacc. ... 4722
391. rimincola, Cke. ... 4723
392. truncata, Eliis ... 4724
393. citrina, Fr. ... 4725
394. flava, Bon. ... 4726
395. umbellularias. Plow. ^ Hk.
Trans. Cal. Ac. Sci. 1884,
p. 26
396. dispersa, C. ^ E. ... 4727
397. verruculosa, Niessl.... 4728
398. viticola, B. ^ C. ... 4729
399. Veuillotiana, S. 4’ P* 4730
400. urceolus, Sp. ... 4731
401. eucalypti, Cke. %■ Hark.,
Grev. xii. 82
402. quisquilaris, Cke. ... 4733
403. hgematococca,^. 4'^r. 4735
404. leocarpoides, K. ^ C. 4737
405. martialis, K. C. ... 4738
406. congesta, Sacc. ... 4739
407. leetifulva, B. 8f Cke. Grev.
xii. 82
* Perithecia squamulosa.
408. squamuligera, /S'acc. . . . 4766
409. squamulosa, Eliis ... 4768
b. Herhicolce vel foliicolce.
410. minutissima, Behni.... 4706
411. dacrymycella, Nyl. ... 4707
412. heraclei, Cr. ... 4708
413. fuscidula, Rehm. ... 4709
414. Bloxami, B. ... 4952
415. brassicae, EU. ... 4710
416. Daldiniana, Not. ... 4712
417. alpina, Wint. ... 4714
418. foliicola, B. 8f C. ... 4715
419. arenula, B. ^ B. ... 4/16
C. CosMOSPORA. Sporidia
449. cosmariospora, Not 4786
450. fuliginea, B. Br. ... 4734
420. graminicola, 4717
421. paludosa, Fckl. ... 4718
422. thujana, Rehm. ... 4719
423. pandani, Tui. ... 4720
424. xanthostigma, B.Sf Cke.,
Grev. xii. 82
425. umbrina, ... 4796
426. depallens, Cke. ^ Hark.,
Grev. xii. 82
427. depauperata, Cke. 4696
428. galii. Plow. Hark.,
Trans. Cal. Ac. Sci., 1884, p. 26
c. Fructicolce. rpeponum, ^ C. 4713
429. -j aurelia, B. C. {^perpusilla, B. ^ C.
d. /n cry ptogamis parasiticae.
430. epispheeria, Tode. 4740
431. Purtoni, Grev. ... 4741
432. tephrothele, B. ... 4742
433. Fuckelii, iSacc. ... 4744
434. lichenicola, Ces. ... 4745
435. erythrinella, 4746
436. Robergei, M. ^ D. 4747
437. lecanodes, Ces. ... 4748
438. tabacina, Ces. ... 4749
439. aurea, Grev. ... 4750
440. affinis, Grev. ... 4751
441. lycopodii. Lev. ... 4752
442. musci vora, B. llfBr. 4961
443. Fdcmsk, CJke. Hk., Grev.
xii., 101
e. Charticolce, tendcolce, 4'C.
444. cliarticola, Fckl. ... 4753
445. ossicola, Cr. ... 4754
446. indigens, Aim. ... 4755
447. fibricola, Pl. ... 4756
448. monilifera, B. ^ C. 4550
uniseptata, fusca, asperula.
451. myriadea, Ces. ... 4557
SYNOrSlS PYRENOMYCETUM.
Ill
D. Calonectria. Sporidia oblongata, giittnlata.
a. LignicolcE v. corticolce.
|
452. |
Brongniartii, Cr. |
... 4958 |
|
453. |
Levieuxii, Fr. |
... 4966 |
|
454. |
ulicis, Cr. |
... 4969 |
|
455. |
aurea, Cr. |
... 4956 |
|
b. Herhicolce. |
||
|
456. |
xantlioleuca, Kze. |
... 4953 |
|
457. |
sceptri, Karst. |
... 4961 |
458. Curtisii, B. ... 4963
c. FoUicolce.
459. obvoluta, Kalch. ... 4954
460. leucorhodina, A^p.... 4955
461. minuscula, /S'. ^ aS^. 4960
462. luteola, Desm. ... 4965
a. Funicolce.
463. luteo-fusca, Cr. ... 4970
* Sporidia 2
a. LignicolcB v. corticolce.
464. chlorinella, Che. ... 4937
465. agnina, Desm. ... 4939
466. Leightoni,^. 4940
467. Fuckelii, Ntke. ... 4945
468. varians, Sacc. ... 4946
469. platasca, Berk. ... 4951
470. ochraceo-pallida,^.... 4971
b. Foliicolce.
471. pyrocbroa, Ddsm. ... 4942
-5 septata.
472. erubescens, Desm... 4944
c. In cryptogamis parasiticce.
473. Massarite, Pass. ... 4947
474. affinis, Sacc. sub.
Paranectria ... 4972
475. diminuta, B. ^ C.
476. cerea, B. C. ... 4967
477. lielmintliicola, B. ^
Br. ... 4968
** Sporidia 6-10 septata.
a. Lignicolce v. corticolce.
478. macrospora, S. ^ Sp. 4923
479. Tarvisina, Sp. ... 4924
480. pseudopeziza, 7)^5?«... 4927
481. viburnicola, Cr. ... 4929
482. Eichoni, Sacc. ... 4930
b. Herhicolce.
483. Plowrightiana,AS'acc.4925
484. opalina, Cr. ... 4928
c. Foliicolce.
485. Daldiniana, Not 4922
d. In cryptogamis parasiticce.
486. duplicella, Nyl. ... 4926
E. Pleonectria, sporidia muriformia.
487. lichenicola, Cr. ... 4994 488. lutescens, ... 6175
F. Ophionectria, sporidia filiformia.
489. mellina (if.) ... 4999 491. agaricicola, B. ... 5001
490. trichospora, B. ^ Br. 5000 492. paludosa, Cr. ... 5002
G. Species duhice.
493. epimyces, Fr. ... 4396 498. delicatula, Fr. ... 4797
494. smilacis, /Sci w. ... 499. solani, ... 4805
495. aurantium. Wall. ... 4789 500. Oropensis, Ces. ... 4806
496. granatum, Wallr. ... 4790 501. mobilis, Tode. ... 4795
497. fibriseda, /S'. ... 4793 502. lageniformis,^.^' (7. 4801
Gen. 17. LASIONECTRZA, 8acc.— Peritbecia birtella. a. Notarisiella. Sporidia continua.
503. Eousselliana, if. ... 4570 505. carnea, Desm. ... 4572
504. villosula, Speg. ... 4571 506. nigroviridis. Or. ... 4573
112
SYNOPSIS PYRENOMYCETDM.
b. Lasionectria, sporidia uniseptata.
507. fulva, Berk,
508. mantuana, Bacc.
509. lasioderma, Ell.
510. suffulta, B. # C.
511. birtella, .S'. Jf- S.
. 4570 512. dorcas, B. ^ Br,
. 4775 xii. 82.
. 4776 513. punctum, ...
. 4762 514. Rexiana, Ellis. ...
. 4777 515. terrestris, Cr.
516. macrostoma,R.4 C.
c. Sporidia oblonga guttulata.
517. flavida, Ca. ... 4957 518. Jungermannise, Cr.
d. Sporidia 2-5 septata.
519. volutella, B. ^ Br.... 4941 520. funicola. Berk. ...
e. Sporidia 6-10 septata.
521. hirta. Blox. ... 4932
Grev.
4780
4781 4783 4778
4959
4949
Gen. 18. GIBBERELLA, 8acc. ii. 552. — Perithecia glabra super- flcialis, cyanea vel violacea.
a. Lisea, sporidia didyma, hyalina.
522. nemorosa, Sacc, ... 4828 524. australis, Sjieg. ...
523. Buxi {Fckl.) ... 4829 525. vitis [Niessl.)
b. Genuina, sporidia triseptata.
526. pulicaris, Fr.
527. baccata, Wallr
528. moricola, Not.
529. flacca, Wallr.
530. Saubinetii, M.
4973 531. cyanogena, Desm.
5974 532. acervalis, Moiig. ...
4975 533. Euonymi, Fckl. ...
4976 534. Mapaniie, S.
4977
4830
4831
4978
4979
4980
4981
c. Species dubiie.
535. polycocca, M. ... 4982 537. cicatrisata, Pr. ... 4984
536. ficina, C. ^ H. ... 4983 538. agglomerata, Fr. 4985
Gen. 19. HYPONECTRIA, Sacc. ii. 455. — Perithecia tecta. a. Sporidia continua.
539. buxi, D. C. ... 4579 541. Queletii, ^ars^. ... 4581
540. flavonitens, /S'. /S'. ... 4580 542. gossypii, /S'cAzp^ ... 4582
b. Charonectria. Sporidia uniseptata, hyalina.
543. consolationis, Sacc. ... 4610 544. succinea, ... 6172
c. Spegazzinula. Sporidia uniseptata, fusca.
545. dubitationum, Speg.... 4919
d. Cesatiella. Sporidia 3 septata.
546i australis, aS^. ^ /S^p. ... 4986
SYNOPSIS PYRENOMYCETUM.
113
Suh-Fam. III. PSE UDONECTRI^.
Gen. 20. HYSTRICULA, Ooo^e.— Csespitosa erumpens. Peri- theciis confluentibus vel discretis, tomentosis, mollibus, corneo- membranaceis. Ostiolis teretibus longissimis.
* Sporidia globosa, hyalina.
547. Montagnei, Cooke^ Grev. xii, 83.
Gen. 21. PASSERINULA, Bacc, — Perithecia candida, immersa, ostiolo cylindrico.
* Sporidia uniseptata, colorata.
548. candida, Sacc. ... 4918
Gen. 22. MELANOSPORA, 6*«.— Perithecia simplicia, ostiolo subulato-rostrato (vel erostrato) apice saepe penicillato.
A. ViTTADiNULA. Subiculo nullo. Perithecia erostrata. Sporidia continua fusca.
549. episphaerium, P. ^ P. 4591 551. fimicolum {Hans.) 4593
550. aculeatum {Hans.') ... 4592
B. Perithecia rostrata.
|
a. eu-Melanospora. |
Sporidia continua. |
|||
|
552. |
chionea, Fr. |
... 4594 |
559. Zobelii, Ca. |
4601 |
|
553. |
vervecina, Desm. |
... 4595 |
560. vitrea, Ca. |
4602 |
|
554. |
lagenaria, Fr. Helvellae, Cke. |
... 4596 |
561. leucotricha, (7a. ... |
4603 |
|
555. |
... 4597 |
562. Zamiae, Ca. |
4604 |
|
|
556. |
arachnophila, Fckl. |
... 4598 |
563. barbata, P. |
4605 |
|
557. |
caprina, Fr. |
... 4599 |
564. parasitica, Tui. ... |
4606 |
|
558. |
arenaria, M. |
... 4600 |
b. Bivonella. Sporidia muriformia.
565. chrysomalla, B. ^ Br. 4607
c. Dubice.
566. lucifuga, Jungh. ... 4608 567 Coemansii, West.... 4609
Gen. 23. ACROSPERMUIVI, Tode. — Perithecia elongata vel clavata, carnosa sub-cornescens. Sporidia filiformia.
a. Barya. Perithecia gregaria.
568. parasiticum, Fckl. 5870, 5003 Grev. xii. 101
b. eu-Acrospermum.
569. compressum, Tode. ... 5863
570. conicum, P. ... 5864
571. graminum, Lih. ... 5865
572. decipiens. Pass. ... 5866
573. Ravenelii, B, ^ C. ... 5867
574. foliicolum, B. ... 5868
Perithecia sparsa.
575. Robergeanum, Desm.,
Grev. xii, 101.
576. viridiilum, B. ^ C. 5869
577. corrugatum, Eliis 5871
578. fultum. Hark. Trans.
Cal. A., 1884, 47
c. Species dubiae.
579. pyramidale, Tode ... 5872 581. cornutum, Fr. ... 5874
580. ? laetum (Ehr.) ... 5873
114
BRITISH FRESH- WATER ALG^.
In answer to various communications as to the progress of this work, we are able to announce that the plates of Part IX. are in the printer’s hands, and will shortly be ready for publication. Part X. is also in an advanced condition, and this will contain the Bhodophyceoe, which, with supplement, introduction, glossary, and Index, will complete the work. It is hoped that this consumma- tion will be reached about September, before active mycological operations commence. A few copies of the complete work will be bound in two volumes, cloth, when finished, but unfortunately the number will be much smaller than we could have desired, and therefore only prompt application will secure them, before the volumes share the fate of their predecessors, by Hr. Hassall, and become notified as “ out of print.”
HESMIDS OF THE UNITED STATES.
The Rev. F. Wolle has just published a volume on the above subject, with 52 plates and descriptive letterpress, at the moderate charge of five dollars, which would be equivalent to a British guinea. Although we have not yet seen it, there is no doubt of both figures and descriptions being fully reliable, and we commend it with confidence to the attention of our English readers. A large number of the species are also British. The address of the author is Bethlehem, Penn., U.S.A.
CRYPTOGAMIC LITERATURE.
Gillet, C. C. Les Hymenomycetes de France, 9 series.
„ ,, Les Discomycetes de France, part vi.
Gossel and Wendisch. Zeitschrift fur Pilzfreunde, No. 12 (1883).
Brefeld, Dr. 0. Untersuchungen aus dem gesammtgebiete der Mykologie, part vi. Myxomyceten, Entomophthoreen.
Ellis, J. B., and Martin. New Florida Fungi in “Amer. Nat.” Feb., 1884.
Borzi, a. Studi Algologici, part i. (1883).
Quelet, M. L. Aper9u des qualities utiles on nuisibles des Champignons.
Kalchbrenner, C. Gasteromycetes novi vel minus cogniti. (Hungar. Acad. Sci. 1884.)
Stewart, S. A. Supplement to list of mosses of N.E. Ireland in ‘‘Report Belfast Nat. Club,” Yol. ii., part 3.
Farlow, W. G. Additions to the Peronosporeje of United States in “ Bot. Gazette,” Mar., 1884.
Wolle, F. Fresh- Water A Igge vii., in “Bull Torr. Bot. Club,” Feb., 1884.
CRYPTOGAMIC LITERATURE.
115
Elli8, J. B., and Everhart, B. M. New North American Fungi, in “ Bull. Torr. Bot. Club,” Feb., 1884.
Kaurin, C. Fra. Opdals Mosflora in ‘‘ Bot. Notiser,” No. 1, 1884.
Rau, E. a. Additions to the Habitats of N. Amer. Sphagna, in “Bot. Gazette,” Feb., 1884.
PiM, Greenwood. Recent Additions to the Fungi of Counties Dublin and Wicklow. “ Proc. Roy. Irish Acad.,” Vol. iv.. No. 1. Wright, Dr. E. P. Report on Potato Culture, Ireland. Karsten, P. a. Fragmenta Mycologica in “ Hedwigia,” No. 1, 1884.
Hazslinszky, F. Magyar Birodalom Zuzmo-Floraja (Lichen Flora) .
Gillet, C. C. Tableaux Analytiques des Hymenomycetes. Phillips, W. Breaking of the Shropshire Meres.
Cooke, M. C. Structure and affinity of Sphceria pocula. Schwz. in “ Journ. Linn. Soc.,” No. 131.
Plowright, C. B. Life History of yEcidium bellidis, D. C. Kitton, F. Diatomaceae from Island of Socotra, in “ Linn. Journ.,” No. 131.
Cooke and Harkness. Fungi of the Pacific Coast in “ Bull. California Acad. Sci.,” Feb., 1884.
Phillips, W., and Harkness, W. H. Fungi of California in “ Bull. Cal. Acad. Sci.,” Feb., 1884.
Plowright, C. B., and Harkness, H. W. New Species of California Fungi, in “ Bull. Call. Acad. Sci.,” Feb., 1884.
Ellis, J. B., and Harkness, H. W. New Californian Fungi in “ Bull. Cal. Acad. Sci.,” Feb., 1884.
Harkness, H. W. New Californian Fungi in “ Bull. Cal. Acad. Sci.,” Feb., 1884.
Winter, Dr. G. Rabenhorst’s Kryptogamen Flora (Pilze), part 14.
Karsten, P. A. Fragmenta Mycologica, viii. in “ Hedwigia,” No. 2, 1884.
Marchal, E. Champignons Coprophiles de la Belgique. Forssell, Dr. K. B. J. Lichenologische Untersuchungen. Ueber die Cephalodien.
Traill, Prof. J. W. On Doassansia Alismatis, &c., in “ Scot- tish Naturalist,” April, 1884.
Stevenson, Rev. J. Mycologia Scottica, in “ Scottish Natu- ralist,” April, 1884.
Saccardo, P. a. Conspectus generum Discomycetum. Bennett, A. W. Reproduction of the Zygnemacese in “ Journ, Linn. Soc.,” No, 130,
116
CRYPTOGAMIC LITERATURE.
Grove, W. B. New or Noteworthy Fungi in “ Journ. Bot.,” May, 1884.
Moore, S. H. M. Remarks on some Endophytic Algae in “Journ. Bot.,” May, 1884.
Schulzer, S. Mycologischen Bemerkungen. (Hermannstadt, 1884).
Geheeb, a. Bryologische notizen aus dem Rhongebirge in “ Flora,” No. 2, 1884.
Arnold, Dr. F. Die Lichenen des Frankischen Jura in “ Flora,” No. 5 and No. 9, 1884.
Spruce, R. Hepaticae Amazonicae et Andinae (p. 308). “Trans. Bot. Soc. Edin.,” Vol. xv., p. 1.
Crisp, F., and others. Bibliography of Cryptogamic Literature in “Journ. Roy. Micr. Society.”
Bisset, J. P. List of Desmidieae found near Lake Winder- mere. “ Journ. Roy. Micr. Soc.,” Ap., 1884.
Massee, Geo. Formation and growth of cells in Polysiphonia in “ Journ. Roy. Mic. Soc.,” Ap., 1884.
Gillot, Dr. X. Notes Mycologiques in “Revue Mycologique,” Ap., 1884.
Schulzer, S., and Sacca rdo, P. A. Micromycetes Sclavonici novi, in “Revue Mycologique,” Ap., 1884.
Tuckerman, E. Two lichens of the Pacific Coast, in “ Bull. Tor. Bot. Club,” Mar., 1884.
Peck, C. H. New Species of Fungi, in “ Bull. Tor. Bot. Club,” Mar., 1884.
Grove, W. B. On the Pilobolidae (Abstract from Van Tieg- hem’s Memoir), in “ Midland Naturalist,” May, 1884.
Cooke, M. C. Fresh- Water Algae. Part viii. Nostoceae and Lyngby^.
„ ,, Illustrations of British Fungi. Parts xxii., xxiii.
Rehm’s Ascomyceten. Fasc. xv.
Ellis, J. B. North American Fungi. Cent, xii., xiii.
Smith, W. G. On Artotrogus, in “ Gardener’s Chronicle,” April 26, 1884, p. 544.
WoLLE, Rev. F. “ The Desmids of the United States,” in one vol., with 52 plates.
Winter, Dr. G. “ Contributiones ad Floram jMycologicum Lusitanicum.” Series v.
Ludwig, Dr. F. On Micrococcus Pflugeri, in “ Hedwigia,” March, 1884.
Karsten, P. a. Fragmenta Mycologica, parts xi. to xvi., in “ Hedwigia,” Mar., Apr., 1884.
Winter, Dr. G. Ueber die Gattung Corynelia, in “ Bericht der Dent. Bot. Gesell.”
INDEX TO VOL.
XII
Additions to British Clad oniei ...
^cidium Bellidis
Algae, British Fresh Water
Alkaloids and other substances in Fungi
Anthostoma, the Genus...
Australian Fungi
British Cladoniei, additions to...
British Fresh Water Algae
British Fungi, Illustrations Classification of Uredines
Cooke, M. C., American Fungi
„ ,, Australian Fungi
„ „ Exotic Fungi
,, ,, New British Fungi
„ „ on Anthostoma ...
,, ,, on Hypocreaceae...
,, ,, on Nummularia ...
Cooke and Harkness, New Californian Fungi Crombie, J. M., British Cladoniei, additions to ,, „ New British Lichens ...
,, ,, Withering’s Lichens ...
Cryptogamic Literature...
Desmids of United States
Flora of British Fungi
Fungi, Alkaloids, &c., extracted from ...
„ Australian ,, from Perak
,, New American ...
,, New British
,, New Californian
,, some Exotic
Fungus Forays, 1883
Fungus Foray in Ireland
Harkness, H. W., and Cooke, New Californian Fungi Hypocreaceae, Notes on Illustrations of British Fungi ...
Lett, H. W., Fungus Foray Lichens in Withering’s Herbarium ...
Lichens, New British ...
Lycoperdon giganteum New American Fungi ...
New British Fungi New British Lichens
36,
PAGE
91 86
101, 114 44 49 8
91
101, 114
53
36 22, 92
8
37, 85 41, 66, 98 49
77, 100 1
92 91 89
56, 70 63, 87, 114 114 97 44 8 84 22, 92 41, 66, 98 83, 92
37
54 86 Q9
77, 100 53 86 56, 70 89 97 22, 92 36, 41, 66, 98 89
39,
36
11
INDEX.
PAGE
New Californian Fungi... ... ... ... ... 83, 92
Notes on Hypocreaceae ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 77,100
Nummularia and its Allies ... ... ... ... ... ... 1
Oidium Tuckeri ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 84
Phycologia Mediterranea ... ... ... ... ... ... 53
Plowright, C. P., Classification of Uredines ... ... ... ... 36
„ „ on u^cidiuni Bellidis ... ... ... ... 86
Eeal Yankee Puff-Ball ,.. ... ... 97
Saccardo’s Sylloge Fungorum ... ... ... ... ... ... 34
Sirosiphon saxicola ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 76
Some Exotic Fungi ... ... ... ... ... 37, 85
Spirogyra orthospira ... ... ... ' ... ... ... ... 63
Stewart, C. Gr., Alkaloids, &c., in Fungi ... ... 44
Synopsis Pyrenomycetum ... ... ... ... ... ... 102
Uredines, Classification of ... ... ... ... ... ... 36
Woolhope Fungus Foray, 1884... ... ... ... ... ... 97
Appendix, containing revision of the Hymenomycetes in “ Cooke’s Hand- book of British Fungi,” paged separately 1 to 48.
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