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Fred k H.Horsfor

Charlotte Vermont

ACER GINNALA

One of the most useful small trees, beautiful in summer, most brilliant in autumn

DIRECTIONS TO CUSTOMERS

TULIPS, HYACINTHS, NARCISSI, CROCUS, IRIS, as well HOLLAND BULBS. as LILIES and other PLANTS, SHRUBS, and TREES, are

offered in the Autumn Supplement which is ready early in August.

CANADIAN CUSTOMERS will please remember that shrubs, trees, and vines are not admitted from the States at all seasons. They are admitted in spring, commencing March 15, until May 14, and in the fall, commencing September 26, until December 1. Postage to Canada, 12 ets. per lb.

About Forwarding Plants by Parcel Post, Express or Freight

Parcels of six to eight pounds can often go to the second or third zone cheaper by parce! post. When our customers wish us to send in this way, we will do so and charge the postage to those who give good reference. Plants can be sent with better roots, as all the soil can be left on that is necessary, better packed, safer, quicker and usually cheaper, by express. The new rates of express companies are much lower than heretofore.

IF IN GOOD CONDITION WHEN RECEIVED, OUR RESPONSIBILITY CEASES; if not in good condition, complaint must be made at once. We cannot be held responsible for CULTURAL FAILURES.

Hardy shrubs, vines and roses can be safely sent, when dormant, by freight. Unless the shipment is a large one, express is often better, insuring delivery without delay, and often cheaper, as freight is charged by the one hundred rate, even if the weight is very light. Plants with green tops, if sent by freight, and the weather is warm, if unduly delayed, are liable to decay; therefore, plants sent other- wise than by express are entirely at the risk of the purchaser.

MY PRICES include boxing, packing—except in the case of trees and shrubs (see instructions under that department)—and delivery to my nearest freight office, post office or express office.

I SHALL ALWAYS ENDEAVOR to give each customer full money value, whether the order is large or small, and in all cases where the customers feel that they have reason to complain, I shall thank them to inform me of it. If the fault lies with me, I shall be glad to make matters right.

IT MUST BE DISTINCTLY UNDERSTOOD by the purchaser of these goods that, while I use my utmost care to have all plants of strong and healthy growth, and seeds of germinating quality, and both true to name, I will not, in any way, be responsible for the failure of any, and if they can- not be accepted on these terms, they must be returned within five days. So much depends upon the care such plants have, and the season following the planting, that I feel that my responsibility must end when the plants have reached the purchaser in good, healthy condition. Thousands of plants die each year for want of proper setting and care until established. A little extra pains in preparing the soil, shading and watering the plants until the roots get established, is worth all it costs.

REMITTANCE may be sent at my risk by post-office order on Charlotte, Vermont, by draft, check or registered letter. Half a dozen plants will be furnished at dozen rates. To those who wish to purchase in large quantities, lower prices will be given, if my stock is sufficient.

FRED’K H. HORSFORD Charlotte, Vermont

Please take this Out and Use in Ordering Address:

FRED’K H. HORSFORD

CHARLOTTE, VERMONT

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NAMES OF PLANTS, ETC., WANTED

QUANTITY |

HORSFORD’S HARDY PLANTS

LILY BULBS, FERNS TREES, SHRUBS, ETC.

THIS LIST CANCELS ALL PREVIOUS OFFERS

N SENDING out my spring, 1921, Annual, I wish to call attention to two changes which I considered necessary. I am offering my ever- greens under a separate heading, and as a few more kinds have been added to the list, this will un-

>» doubtedly assist the customer in

his selection. The other change, which I regret to announce, is the omission of my offerings of fruit, excepting

A berry bushes. The wholesale rates on

Wa be Caw this class of stock have advanced to such

7. | an unreasonable height that I decided to leave them out of my list.

My nursery is located in the beautiful Champlain Valley,

twelve miles south of Burlington, Vt., on the Rutland

Railroad. There is not much of interest in the nursery

until the first week in June, when the German Irises are

in bloom, with other early-flowering perennials, like Poppies,

Lupines, Dianthus, etc.; then, later in the month, Peonies. Early-blooming

Lilies and Japan Iris are in flower in July and are followed by Phlox and

later-flowering perennials. In August the later Lilies, like Auratum and

Henryi, can be seen and, in early September, the late-flowering Speciosums.

I shall be glad to give desired information regarding hardiness of plants for certain locations, or selection of plants or shrubs and the time of plant- ing, providing the questions are of such a character that they can be briefly answered.

I realize my success can only be permanent when orders prove entirely satisfactory to customers, and I aim to give prompt and careful attention to every order, no matter how small or how large, and to do all in my power to merit a2 continuance of their kind patronage.

HARDY PERENNIALS

ACHILLEA. Yarrow: MILFroIt.

A. Millefolium, var. roseum. This handsome form of the common Yarrow has rose-colored or almost crimson flowers in August. Itis an attrac- tive plant when in bloom and comes when the flower crop begins to wane. It is propagated by division. 25 cts. each.

A.—, Pink Form. This is quite distinct from the others, having paler pink flowers. 25 cts. each. j

A. Ptarmica, var. The Pearl. A fine garden plant with full double white flowers, fine for cutting. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

A. filipendulina (A. Eupatorium). This fine plant from the shores of the Caspian Sea grows 2 to 3 feet high: flowers bright yellow, in flat heads, and with lace-like foliage. June to Sep- tember. Nice to plant among shrubbery, ever- greens, or for back border. 25 cts. each.

A. tomentosa. A very charming yellow-flow- ered plant blooming in June. It will do in the rockery or in any part of the border. While it grows naturally on dry, rocky soil, it has done finely on lower and more moist levels. 25 cts. each.

ACONITUM. Monxsuoop. An interesting group of plants, but the roots are very poisonous when eaten and are dangerous when planted near vegetables or where children are liable to get

Aconitum, continued them. They are-easily grown in common garden soil and do well in shade of deciduous trees.

A. Napellus. Probably the best and most reliable Monkshood, flowering the last of June. Its flowers are blue or nearly white. 35 cts. each,

A.—, var. bicolor. Blue-and-white, attractive flowers and is easily grown. 35c. each.

A. Storkianum. A very striking form on ac- count of its dark navy-blue flowers. 35c. each.

ACORUS Calamus. Sweet Frac. This bog-plant will grow in ordinary garden soil. The long, light green leaves are pretty, but the plant is principally cultivated for its aromatic root. 10 cts. each, $1 per doz.

ACTA alba. Wuitre BAaNEBERRY. Grows about 2 feet high, bearing short heads of white flowers in spring and white berries in autumn, Native of rich woods and useful to plant in shady corners. 20 cts. each.

A. rubra. Rep BANEBERRY. Grows | to 2 feet high, with short spikes of small, white flowers; red berries in late summer. Useful for rockery and wild garden. 20 cts. each.

ADONIS vernalis. PHEAsSANT’s-EyEe. One of the most attractive early-blooming plants. Flowers bright yellow, 2 to 3 inches wide. It forms tufts 8 to. 12 inches high, and has finely divided and attractive foliage. Likes a light, sandy soil,

FRED’K H. HORSFORD, CHARLOTTE, VERMONT

Harpy PERENNIALS 3

Adonis vernalis, continued where it should be left undisturbed when once established. Particularly fine for growing in front of shrubbery or higher-growing peren- nials, where it will increase rapidly. 35 cts. each.

AJUGA genevensis. Flowers bright blue, in long dense spikes which nearly hide the foliage. Use- ful in the shade or the rockery. 25 cts. each.

ALTHAFA rosea. SINGLE HottynHocks. This dis- tinctive old-fashioned flower is more permanent than the double kinds and of late it is much more of a favorite. It is fine among shrubbery and quite permanent when once established.

A.—, Single White, Maroon, and Sulphur- yellow. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

A.—, Single, Mixed. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

A.—, Double Pink. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

A.—, Double Red and Double White. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

ALYSSUM saxatile, var. compactum. Map- wort. A handsome yellow-flowered perennial which comes in May. It is useful for wall gar- dens or in any place where early spring flowers are desired. It grows about a foot high. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

AMSONIA Tabernzemontana. A rather good perennial, with terminal bluish flowers in May; very permanent plant when once established. The foliage is good and the flower-panicles attractive. 20 cts. each.

ANCHUSA italica. An interesting border plant 3 to 4 feet high with pretty blue flowers in June; fine among shrubs. 20 cts. each.

A.—, Dropmore Variety. This form with gen- tian-blue flowers is a favorite with all who see it. I consider it a better plant than the preced- ing. 20 cts. each. $2 per doz.

ANEMONE canadensis (A. pennsylvanica). This white-flowered Anemone comes in June. It likes a rather heavy damp soil and soon spreads and forms good clumps. 10c. each, $1 per doz.

A. nemorosa. Common WINDFLOWER: Woop ANEMONE. 10 cts. each, $1 per doz.

A. sylvestris. This is one of the best in moist, sandy soils. Bears good-sized, delicate white flowers on long stems, in latter part of May. It spreads a little from the root, forming good clumps or masses, but not so much as to be- come troublesome here. The flowering season may be extended by free cutting, to prevent its going to seed. 25 cts. each.

ANEMONELLA thalictroides. A pretty white spring flower about the size of the wood anem- ones and usually found in partial shade. 10c. each, $1 per doz

ANTHEMIS tinctoria. CuHamomite. This old flower is a very good and reliable garden plant which attains a height of about a foot. It is somewhat spreading and bears many handsome daisy-shaped yellow flowers which are fine for cutting. It may be grown in any good garden soil and is not difficult to manage. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

A.—, var. Kelwayi. Has flowers of various shades; otherwise it is much like the type. 20 cts. each.

ANTHERICUM Liliago. Sr. BERNARD’s Lity. At- tains a height of 15 inches. Flowers pure white in May and June. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

AQUILEGIA. Cotumpsrine. Alpine plants of many colors and sizes. A few are inclined to be bien- nial in cultivation; others are longer lived, while still others are permanent perennials. They bear a profusion of blooms on long, slender stems and present a most graceful aspect.

A. ceerulea. This blue-and-white Rocky Moun- tain flower is one of the most charming of the Columbines. While not as jong lived as some, it may be made to last longer by not allowing the seeds to mature. The flowers are borne on slender stems, often 2 feet or more high, are ex- ceptionally graceful and are useful in cutting. It is a lovely flower for any garden. 20 cts. each.

A. canadensis. AMERICAN WILD COLUMBINE; HoNEYSUCKLE. It flowers early, next after

the Oxysepala, and few of our wild flowers are better suited to the rock garden than this. Flow- ers an inch or more long, red and yellow are borne in abundance. Very graceful and attrac- tive plant. It seems to do well in any garden soil both in sun and shade. per doz.

15 cts. each, $1.50

Anchusa, Dropmore variety. German-blue flowers

4 Harpy PERENNIALS

FRED’K H. HORSFORD, CHARLOTTE, VERMONT

PRD, i a af es Campanula punctata, Marian Gehring (see page 6)

Aquilegia chrysantha. GOLDEN-SsPURRED COLUM- BINE. A hardy Rocky Mountain plant of great worth in the flower border. It is vigorous in habit and a long time in bloom. When given sufficient room, it is rather bushy in habit and attains 2 feet and more in height. The flowers are on long stems and keep well in water. pagers in summer. 20 cts. each, $2 per

Oz.

A. flabellata. A fine Japanese species with pale or nearly white flowers. Hardy. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

A. oxysepala. This native of Siberia is the first to bloom, and is quite hardy and more permanent than some. Flowers blue with some white and yellow tints. 25 cts. each.

A. sibirica. Flowers in May; mostly purple; useful for cutting. 20 cts. each.

A. vulgaris. A reliable old variety that has es- caped from gardens in some localities and grows wild; hardy and of easy culture. One of the best and has many colors. May and June. 15 cis. each, $1.50 per doz.

A.—, var. alba. This variety has white flowers and is very handsome and useful for cutting. 20 cts. each.

ARABIS albida. Low, pubescent, early-flowering plant. Fragrant white flowers in loose racemes in early spring. A good plant for the rockery, for the border, or for covering steep banks where it will spread and form a veritable carpet. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

ARMERIA alpina. ALPINE Turirt. Flowers are bole pink or rose, 8 or 10 inches high. 20 cts. each.

A. maritima. Low growing, with pale pink or rose flowers. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz. A. plantaginea. Sra Pinx. Taller than either of the preceding. Flowers on long, naked stems, pale pink or nearly white. Of easy culture and a good garden plant. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

ARIS/EMA triphyllum. = Jack-tN-THE-Putpit; Inp1AN Turnip. One of the interesting hardy bulbous plants; suited to shade or rockwork if moisture is given. It selects a rich, moist soil. May. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

ARUNCUS sylvester. Goart’s BEarp. Desirable border plant 2 to 4 feet high. Flowers nearly white in panicled, plume-like spikes, borne quite profusely. Nice among low shrubs and quite hardy. 25 cts. each.

ASARUM canadense. SNAKEROOT; GINGERROOT. Only 3 to 5 inches high. Large, dark green, kidney-shaped leaves. Flowers early, hidden among the leaves. Nice for shady corner or shaded rockwork. 15 cts. each.

ASCLEPIAS tuberosa. SwaLLowwort: BuTTER- FLY WEED. A very attractive plant when in flower. Grows about 18 inches high, and in time forms good-sized clumps which are very showy when the mass of orange-yellow flowers appears. It is suited to sunny portions of rockwork or to any well-drained soil. 35 cts. each.

ASTERS. Micu#itmas Datstes; PERENNIAL Asters. Late-blooming plants which flower after the first frosts. They are fine in the hardy garden and prolong the flower season, giving much color after most of the hardy flowers are past. The blooms are borne in such pro- fusion that at a distance the bush seems a solid mass of color.

A. levis. Has handsome, hardy, permanent, sky- blue flowers in late September and early Octo- ber. A showy plant and nice for cutting. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

A. nove-anglie. New ENGLAND AsTEeR. A very hardy, strong, and beautiful species with stout stems 3 to 6 feet high and a profusion of large flower-heads with beautiful violet-purple flowers in large corymbs in September and Oc- tober. One of the best Asters. Strong plants, 20 cts. each, $1.75 per doz.

A.—, var. roseus. Has rose-colored flowers much like the type in height and size. 35 cts. each.

A., Robert Parker. Two to 3 feet high: flowers lavender-blue, an inch wide. A very handsome and healthy sort. 20 cts. each.

A. tataricus. This is the latest bloomer of the kinds I have grown. It spreads fast from the root and a few plants soon make a good colony. Flowers bluish purple. 15c. each, $1.50 per doz.

A., White Queen. Hardy; 2 or more feet high with an abundance of white flowers an inch wide. 25 cts. each.

FRED’K H. HORSFORD, CHARLOTTE, VERMONT Harpy PERENNIALS 5

Hardy Actes

ASTILBE japonica (Spirza japonica). One to 3 feet high; white flowers in racemose panicles. 25 cts. each.

A. chinensis. Handsome pink flowers. 30 cts. each.

A., Rosa Pearl. Pale pink flowers at the be- ginning of August. One of the more attrac- tive. Forms a dense pyramidal truss 2 feet or more high. Was given reward of merit from the Royal Horticultural Society in 1908. 25 cts. each.

BAPTISIA australis. This is a very permanent plant which, once established, lasts in- definitely. It has blue pea-like flowers and dark green foliage. A single plant will form a good-sized clump in time, sending up more shoots each year. The foliage is good the season through. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

BELLIS perennis. ENcGiisH Daisy. Very pretty little plant 3 or 4 inches high, which bears handsome, double, daisy-like flowers of various shades. Nice for marking beds. 20 cts. each.

BOCCONIA cordata. PLuMEpD Poppy. In rich soil often grows 8 feet high, bearing large, terminal, buff-colored flowers in summer, followed by the almost equally ornamental fruit. Nice for planting among shrubs. It is a persistent plant and rather difficult to eradicate when once established. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

BOLTONIA asteroides. Useful in late summer and autumn when flowers begin to be scarce. The flowers are pure white and borne in large masses 8 feet high, in rich soil. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

Boltonia, latisquama. Flowers rosy pink to laven- der in large heads. A fine aster-like plant which blooms even later than the preceding and is fine for cutting. This plant has stood the first severe frosts without apparentinjury. 20c. each, $2 per doz.

BRAUNERIA purpurea. PuRPLE CONE-FLOWER. Two to 3 feet high, with rosy purple flowers 2 to 3 inches wide. A striking plant for the back border and better suited for this purpose than for cutting. At close range the plant is a little coarse for cutting. 25 cts. each.

CALTHA palustris. Marso Maricoip; Cowstipes. A fine yellow-flowered, early plant for wet ground. In a natural situation it makes a lavish show in

early spring. It forces well in pots. 12 cts. each, $1.20 per doz.

ae

Boltonia latisquama

6 Harpy PERENNIALS

Campanula persicifolia

CAMPANULA. BELLFLOWER. A remarkable genus for the hardy garden. It comprises many of the choicest gems our gardens afford. Some are especially suited to the rockery while others are better in the border. Most of those I offer are perennial.

C. alliarizefolia. One to 2 feet, branching at the top; leaves heart-shaped; flowers white, about 2 inches long, borne in racemes. Native to Asia Minor. 20c. each, $2 per doz.

C. carpatica. A charming tufted plant 6 to 8 inches high with handsome blue flowers an inch wide. Summer. 25 cts. each.

C.—, var. alba. The white form of this plant is very attractive. 25 cts. each.

C. glomerata. Stems 1 to 2 feet high: blue flowers clustered at summit. 20 cts. each.

C. latiloba (C. grandis). Twelve to 18 inches high; flowers blue and often 2 inches wide. 20 cts. each.

C. Medium. Canterspury Betis. The most popular biennial of the garden flowers. June. 26 cts. each, $2 per doz.

C. persicifolia, var. alba. One of the favorites of this genus. Flowers white, very showy, and on Bood stems for cutting. 25 cts. each, $2.50 per

OZ.

C.—, var. cerulea. 25c. each, $2.50 per doz.

C. punctata, var. Marian Gehring. We have many good reports from this plant. It seems to give best results when planted in a mass of half a dozen or more. A new perennial Canterbury Bell. Grows from 2 to 3 feet high, one to many stems from a single plant. Lower leaves round, heart-shaped, strongly toothed, 4 to 6 inches wide, on petioles 4 to 7 inches long. It spreads from subterranean stolons and does not bear seed. A single plant will form a strong clump 2 feet or more in diameter, and the flowers are produced in loose racemes in great profusion. The color of the flowers is pale lavender, and in

FRED’K H. HORSFORD, CHARLOTTE, VERMONT

C. punctata, continued

size they are nearly as large as those of the Canterbury Bell, though more graceful. The flowering season extends over a period of from four to six weeks, after which there is a more straggling succession of bloom until frost. This form originated in the garden of Dr. J. G. Gehr- ing of Bethel, Maine, and was found growing near a colony of Campanula punctata, near which one solitary specimen of a Canterbury Bell (Cam- panula Medium) was in bloom. Since it produces no seed, and has some of the characteristics of beth the above species, it is reasonable to sup- pose it a natural hybrid between the two plants. I offer plants at 30 cts. each, $3 per doz.

C. rhomboidalis. Somewhat like the little Hare- bell and grows about as high. Flowers blue. Nice for the rockery. 20 cts. each.

C. rotundifolia. HARrREBELL; BLuE BELLS oF ScoTLanp. Attains a height of 6 to 12 inches, forming dense tufts. Useful for the rock garden; will do well in partial shade or in open border. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

CASSIA marilandica. AMERICAN SENNA. Graceful and hardy; 3 to 5 feet high, with numerous acacia-like leaves and many clusters of yellow flowers. Makes a good showing after it is well established as a midsummer hedge plant. Fine among shrubbery. 20 cts. each.

CENTAUREA dealbata. This plant from Asia Minor has reddish flowers and grows from 8 to 24 inches high. The seeds attract the birds so that we have sometimes to cover the whole plant in order to save any seed. 25 cts. each.

C. montana. Has large blue flowers in May. 25 cts. each.

C. macrocephala. A very hardy species from the Caucasus. Numerous large decurrent leaves gad large yellow flower-heads in July. 20 cts. each.

CERASTIUM tomentosum. A low, creeping plant with the upper surface of the leaves light in color and woolly; it bears a profusion of pretty white flowers. Much used for edging, also to plant in crevices of walls or rockwork, where it keeps up a succession of bloom all summer. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

CHRYSANTHEMUM coccineum_ (Pyrethrum hybridum). Very charming daisy-like flowers on long stems; fine for cutting. June. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

C. maximum. Flowers like the common white daisy, but twice as large. Handsome when in flower, and the flowers have good stems for cut- ting. Hardy and easily grown in full sun. Sum- mer. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

C. sp., var. Shasta Daisy. White flowers. Sum- mer. 20c. each, $2 per doz.

C., Alaska Daisy. This is the largest of the Daisies we have tried here and the flowers are very fine. They are produced in great profusion and the season is a long one. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

C. uliginosum. Giant Datsy. One of the latest of the Hardy Chrysanthemums. Grows 3 to 5

feet high with many handsome, white, daisy-

like flowers. Useful because it is so late and a

good flower for cutting. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

FRED’K H. HORSFORD, CHARLOTTE, VERMONT

Harpy PERENNIALS 7

CIMICIFUGA racemosa. BuLack SNAKEROOT; Brack Conosu; BUGBANE. Grows 4 to 8 feet high, with white flowers in feathery drooping racemes. A stately plant, suited to moist and

shaded situations, though it will do fairly well in full sun.

July and August. 25 cts. each.

CLEMATIS integri- folia. This is not commonly known. It is a very pretty plant with deep blue nodding flowers. 25 cts. each.

Cc. recta. <A_ very attractive bush Cle- matis 2 to 3 feet high, with large clusters of pretty white flowers from June to August. It it a very permanent plant and _ should last years when once established. A very desirable va- riety. 20 cts. each, 2 per doz.

COREOPSIS _lanceo- lata. Of the best of the garden plants, nice for cutting, and has very pretty yellow flowers. Should be in every collection. Hardy, easily grown, and a favorite with all who knowit. 15c. each, $1.50 per doz.

C. verticillata. Very floriferous, with yel- low flowers a little smaller and_ later than Lanceolata.

as 15 cts. each, $1.50 Delphinium (Larkspur) yeh GOH.

CORONILLA varia. Crown VetcH. A _ plant belonging to the natural order of Leguminose, with pink-and-white flowers. 12 cts. each, $1.20 per doz.

CONVALLARIA majalis. Lity-oF-THE-VALLEY. A plant of the lily family, too well known to need detailed description. It likes a little shade and moisture, and does finely under shaded walls. Spring. Clumps, 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

DELPHINIUM. Larkspur. Thrives to a certain extent in any good garden soil with proper care, but, for the best results, special care should be given. Work the soil deep, with plenty of finely composted manure mixed in. An old favorite that supplies the blue needed to com- plete the color scheme of the garden.

D. Belladonna. Medium in height, with soft sky-blue flowers. A very pleasing tint for a Larkspur. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

Delphinium caucasicum. Tall, with handsome blue flowers. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

D. elatum. Bere Larkspur. Tall, if not the tallest-growing species. Flowers very fine, dark to pale blue. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

D. formosum, var. coelestinum. This form has large, pale blue flowers, borne profusely in fine shapes. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

D. grandiflorum (D. Chinense). StBERIAN LARK- spuR. One of the lower-growing kinds having variously tinted flowers, from deep blue to white, all very delicately shaded and of good size. One of the best. July and August. 20 cts. each,

2 per doz. D.—, var. album. 20 cts. each. D. hybridum, Mixed. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

D.—, Seedling from Herman Sterger. These seedlings are not now like the original stock. They are stronger, taller, and vary in color from nearly white to dark blue. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

D., Kelway’s Selection. This is one of the best flowers; variable and very showy. 20 cts. each.

D., King of the Blues. This is a medium-sized form, with very deep blue flowers, and seems to hold to color better than most Larkspurs. I found it growing in the nursery and it is probably a chance hybrid. 25 cts. each.

D. Maackianum. A Siberian species of medium height, with blue flowers in loose panicles. A very graceful variety that is most effective.

15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

8 Harpy PERENNIALS

FRED’K H. HORSFORD, CHARLOTTE, VERMONT

DIANTHUS barbatus. Sweet WiiiiaAm. An old- fashioned garden flower too well known to re- quire detailed description. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

D.—, White. 20 cts. each.

D.—, Pink Beauty. 20 cts. each.

D.—, Newport Pink. 20 cts. each.

D. deltoides. Maren Pink. Plant about 6 inches high; flowers rose in summer. One of the prettiest border Pinks. 15 cts. each.

D.— alba. 20 cts. each.

D. superbus. Flowers pale pink or white. A handsome single Pink. 15 cts. each, $1.30 per doz.

Hardy Garden Pinks

The following are clove-scented and flower in great profusion during May and June. Fine for edge of the hardy border and also for cutting.

Dianthus plumarius. PHEASANT’s-EYE PINK. Stems about a foot high from a tufted root. Flowers fragrant, in many shades. Australia and Siberia. Very hardy. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

D., Her Majesty. A fine, double, white, hardy, fragrant Pink. Summer. 25 cts.

Hardy Garden Pinks

Dianthus, var. Grass or Clove Pink. Ver- MONT Pink. Old, double, sweet-scented Pink; a favorite with all who know it. I sell it by the hundred for bordering beds and walks. It never has produced seed here, and we have to grow it from cuttings. It is very permanent when established, and the double, rosy pink flowers are borne on rather short stems. One of the most enticing plants for the old-time garden. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

D., Snow Queen. Fine pure white. 20 cts. each.

D., White Reserve. One of the best Hardy Garden Pinks, being an everblooming pure white. 20 cts. each.

DICTAMNUS albus (D. Frazvinella). FRAXINELLA; Gas-PLant. Bears large, loose clusters of white flowers in May and June. 20 cts. each.

D.—, var. ruber. It is a good-sized, hardy per- ennial of much worth, from eastern Europe. Its pale purple flowers are much better and more numerous after it has become well estab- lished. Too much should not be expected of this plant the first year after setting. It is easy of culture, but a dry soil suits it best. Fine when well established. May and June. 20 cts. each.

D. Dahuricus. This isa larger plant than either of the foregoing. The clusters of flowers are larger and of a purplish red shade and there is much more fragrance to the flowers. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

DICENTRA canadensis. SquirrREL Corn. A rather nice, little, early-flowering bulbous plant, native to rich woods in shade, and useful for shady parts of the wild garden. It wants rich, black soil that is not too dry. Flowers white, tipped with rose, and finely cut; foliage delicate. This and D. Cucullaria both die down to the bulb early in summer. 12 cts. each, $1 per doz.

D. Cucullaria. DuTcHMAN’s BREECHES. Bears a profusion of quaint white flowers in long racemes. 15 cts. each.

D. eximia. Handsome, reddish purple flowers and delicate foliage. Plant about 1 foot high. May to August. 30 cts. each.

D. spectabilis. Bireepinc Heart; SEAL FLower. One of the best old-fashioned gar- den plants. Hardy in every sense; fine for the border or margins of shrubbery, being quite distinct. May and June. 50 cts. each.

DIGITALIS. Foxciove. An interesting genus of plants whose culture is very simple, and will keep up a continuous succession of bloom all summer.

D. ambigua (D. grandiflora). Has yellowish flowers and is quite pretty. It is a perennial, hardy and of easy culture. Middle of June 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

D. lanata. Wootity Foxctiove. A biennial. 3 feet high. For best effect, should be massed. Its compound racemes of white and purplish flowers have an orchidaceous appearance. Eastern Europe. Summer. 20 cts. each.

FRED’K H. HORSFORD, CHARLOTTE, VERMONT

Digitalis purpurea, var. gloxinizeflora. Has a great variety of colors, but in growing them separately I have had much difficulty to keep the colors separate. A tall, majestic plant, bear- ing long spikes of tubular flewers most beautifully spotted and marked like a gloxinia. It is very impressive when grown in mass. My strain is one of the very best. Good, strong clumps of this charming flower. Blooms in June. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

D.—, var. alba. 20 cts. each. D.—, var. Rose cr Pink. 20 cts. each.

D. sibirica. SrpERIAN FoxcLtove. A permanent kind with small, creamy colored flowers, borne im splendid, erect spikes, in great profusion. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

DRACOCEPHALUM ¢randiflorum (D. Altaiense). Dracon’s Heap. Siberian; 6 to 9 inches high, bearing handsome spikes of dainty blue, odd- shaped flowers about an inch long. Blooms in June and July and is a valuable addition to the garden blues. 25 cts. each.

Eupatorium urticefolium

Harpy PERENNIALS 9

tet Ses Son Digitalis lanata.

ECHINOPS Ritro. GLospr THIstTLE. This is the best species of this genus for cultivation. The dark blue, globular heads are very showy and useful for cutting. 20 cts. each.

ERIGERON glaucus. FLEABANE. Comes from western North America. It is a fine, handsome perennial, apparently quite hardy, and bears plenty of good-sized heads of flowers, color light lilac, with yellow daisy-like center. Fine for cutting. 20 cts. each.

EUPATORIUM urticefolium. Wuitrt SNAKE- Root. Three to 4 feet high, with good-sized heads of white flowers; does well in shade. 20 cts. each.

EUPHORBIA corollata. FLoweErinG SpurGeE. Is a native, 2 to 3 feet high, branching and bear- ing many white bracts around the true flowers, which give it a floriferous appearance and make it one of the most delicate and attractive little natives. Very useful for cutting or for the border. Summer. 20 cts. each.

FUNKIA. Prantat Lity; Day Liry. A genus of hardy herbaceous perennials, with good foliage and often handsome flowers. Well suited to decorate the lawn, or for planting in the borders of shrubbery, or in rockwork. Before planting, mix in a supply of manure to a good depth.

F. Fortunei. A low-growing variety, with large, glaucous green leaves and mauve flowers. Very attractive for border planting. 25 cts. each.

F. lancifolia. A Japanese plant, with pale lilac flowers and lance-shaped leaves. Makes a very pretty show and is a most desirable addition to any planting. August. 20 cts. each.

2 A

Photograph taken in our Nursery

10 Harpy PERENNIALS

Funkia lancifolia, var. variegata. This has crinkled foliage, variegated with white; flowers purplish lilac, a little paler than Thomas Hogg. 20 cts. each.

F. Sieboldiana. Rather low-growing with thick, bluish green foliage and pure white flowers. Very distinct form. 25 cts. each.

F. subcordata. WuitE PLANTAIN Lity. Blooms late in autumn, and is valuable on this account. 25 cts. each.

GAILLARDIA aristata (G. grandiflora). BLan- KET FLower. A fine, hardy plant, admired by all. The daisy-shaped flowers are red and yellow inside, of good size, and on long stems. In bloom longer than most plants and provides a gorgeous display of color. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

Perennial Gaillardias may be ‘propagated in spring by root-division and root-cuttings.

GENTIANA Andrewsii. CLosED or BoTTLE GENTIAN. Stems 8 to 15 inches high; flowers purplish blue, in Aug. and Sept. 25 cts. each.

GERANIUM. CRANESBILL.

G. Ibericum, var. platypetalum. Large and branching; of variable colors in June. 20 cts. each.

Hemerocallis fulva, var. Kwanso (see page 11)

FRED’K H.

HORSFORD, CHARLOTTE, VERMONT

Funkia subcordata

GYPSOPHILA paniculata. Basy’s BreatH. A

native of Europe. Has much to recommend it. Its flowers, produced during the summer, are very numer- ous, so much so that to a casual observer they seem almost insepar- able. They are nearly white, borne in panicles, and give a very charming effect, either in the border or when used in bouquets. It is an airy, grace- ful plant that grows in any good gar- den soil and is sure to be prized by all who try it. Its graceful, feathery foli- age is very effective when used in bou- quet work with other flowers. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

HELENIUM autumnale. SNEEZE- WEED. This handsome native peren- nial attains a height of 3 to 5 feet. It branches at the top and bears many large yellow flowers in autumn. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

H.—, var. magnificum. Lower-grow- ing, with flowers as fine as any, and three weeks earlier. 20 cts. each.

H.—, var.rubrum. Bright terra-cotta- red flowers. 25 cts. each.

H. Hoopesii. Charming yellow flowers, fine for cutting. Hardy and interest- ing. Spreads from _ root-division. Flowers about June. 20 cts. each.

HELIANTHUS letiflorus. This plant is much shorter than Maximilianii, and its flowers are a brighter yellow. It is early, compared to most species. It soon spreads to good-sized clumps; flowers very handsome and borne in ereat profusion. Summer. 12 cts. each, $1.20 per doz.

FRED’K H. HORSFORD, CHARLOTTE, VERMONT

Harpy PERENNIALS 11

Hepatica triloba

Helianthus Maximilianii. Tall and late-blooming species from the Middle West. 25 cts. each. H. mollis. Grows about 4 feet high. Flowers 3 inches wide, yellow, coming in August.

20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

H. orgyalis (H. salicifolius). GraceFuL Sun- FLOWER. One of the most valuable perennial Sunflowers. Attains a height of 6 to 10 feet in good soil, and soon forms large clumps. Its narrow, drooping foliage gives a mass of it a very attractive appearance most of the summer, and when finally the large, handsome, yellow flowers appear in great profusion, just before frost and endure after some of the first hard freezings, we have to acknowledge it to be one of the finest of its class in cultivation. Late autumn. 20 cts. each.

HELIOPSIS levis, var. Pitcheriana, is a better plant than H. levis; not so tall, very floriferous and: the flowers are deeper yellow. 20 cts. each.

HELLEBORUS niger. Curistmas Rost. Grows about a foot high. producing large, nearly white flowers an inch wide; does finely in moist garden soil, though a rich, well-drained, moist loam is better. Use a good top-dressing of well-com- posted manure as a dressing after flowering. 20 cts. each.

HELONIAS bullata. Swamp Pink. Is found growing in dense shade and will grow in sun. It is one of the best bog-plants. Beautiful pink flowers. 20 cts. each.

HEMEROCALLIS Dumortieri. Day Lity. This form has brownish orange-colored flowers which are very attractive in June. Grows about 18 inches high with an abundance of flowers which are fine for cutting. Japan and Siberia. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

H. flava. Lemon Day Liry. Fragrant yellow flowers in June. Grows 2 feet high with flowers on long stems for cutting. Siberia and Japan. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

H. fulva. ORANGE Day Lity. This old-fashioned flower is one of the hardiest. It will do in full sun or in the shade of deciduous trees, and is not particular as to soil if not too wet. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

H.—, var. Kwanso. A form of the Orange Lily with double reddish flowers. It is an interesting plant both for cutting and for the border. Will do well under the same conditions as the type. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

H. minor. This plant resembles a small form of Dumortieri and the smaller flowers are very attractive. 20 cts. each.

H. Middendorfii. A profuse bloomer over a long season. Flowers deep golden yellow, three to five in a terminal head. Two to 3 feet high. 20 cts. each.

H. Thunbergii. This plant is much like the Lemon Lily except that it is taller and flowers after the earlier one has bloomed, or in August and September. It makes a good companion to the first, as it prolongs the season so much. It is easily grown in any good garden soil. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

HEPATICA acutiloba. LivERLEAr. The variously tinted flowers appear as soon as the snow is off the ground. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

H. triloba. Resembles the preceding closely, but has round-lobed leaves. It flowers very early

and is nice to plant in front of shrubbery. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

HESPERIS matronalis. Rocket; DamMr’s Rocket. Two to 3 feet high; various flowered: sweet scented at night. South Europe and Asia. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

12 Harpy PERENNIALS FRED’K H. HORSFORD, CHARLOTTE, VERMONT

~

HEUCHERA sanguinea. Atum Root; Cora Betis; Crimson Betts. One of the best plants for the hardy border, keeping up a succession of bloom during July and August. Its delicate spikes of coral-red bells are most charming, es- pecially in a large bed or a mass. Nice for table or other decoration. 20 cts. each.

HIBISCUS, Moscheutos. MarsuH Matitow. This is a most attractive member of the Hollyhock family. bearing flowers often 6 inches wide and of various colors. Fine for bogs, though quite at home in good garden soil. Summer. 235 cts. each, $2 per doz.

H. oculiroseus. Crimson Eyre. White, with crimson center. Very striking and has been widely advertised. It is commonly called Hi- biscus Crimson Eye. 25 cts. each, $2 per doz.

HOLLYHOCK. See Althza.

HYACINTHUS candicans. See Galtonia candi- cans, in Tender Plants.

IBERIS Tenoreana. Canpyturt. Has an abun- dance of almost white flowers which last over a long period. Fine for massing and exception- ally good as a cut-flower. No garden should be without it. 20 cts. each.

IRIS (lag)

This is a grand family with many varieties. The flowers are among the most glorious in the hardy garden, and, by a proper selection, they may be had in bloom several weeks.

IRIS Cengialti. This species attains a height of Iris flavescens, or Canary-Bird. One of the best:

Hibiscus Moscheutos

about 6 inches, with numerous good-sized lilac flowers, and not only has the habit of blooming profusely in summer, but in late autumn a few plants usually flower. A hardy kind, much like the lower forms of Germanica. 15 cts. each, $1.20 per doz.

I. cristata. Crestep Irnts. Comes from North Carolina, and has handsome light blue flowers, with short, thick green foliage. One of the best dwarf kinds. It soon spreads so as to form good-sized clumps, and seems entirely hardy. May. 20 cts. each.

I. florentina alba. Orris Root. Fine early Iris; white, tinged with lavender. 15 cts. each, $1.55 per doz.

IRIS germanica. German Iris; FLOWER-DE- Luce. The great Bearded Iris.

Atropurpurea grandiflora. Large, dark blue uprights and deep blue falls striped with white at base. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

Black Prince. Early; large flowers and one of the darkest purples. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz. Camellia. Uprights white stained blue, falls creamy white with few purplish stripes. A

fine light variety. 25 cts. each.

Duchesse de Brabant. Uprights coppery yel- low; falls dark velvet-purple. A fine Iris. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

Duchess of Remour. Porcelain-blue and dark blue. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

Edina. Low; uprights pale blue, falls blue and striped above. 20 cts. each.

conspicuous from a long distance when planted in a mass. Uprights soft creamy yellow, falls paler cream color, with striped base. A most striking and valuable variety. Last of May. 20 cts. each.

<a sil Wane

Clump of Iris germanica

FRED’K H. HORSFORD, CHARLOTTE, VERMONT Harpy PERENNIALS 13

Iris germanica in the foreground of

Iris Fragrans, or Storm King. White, with violet veins. 20 cts. each.

Gracchus. Beautiful and large, creamy yellow uprights, falls velvet-purple and yellow striped. A very strong and early form. 20 cts. each.

Her Majesty. Fine, with reddish purple flowers. 25 cts. each.

Honorable. Upright portion of the flower clear yellow; lower portions yellow with purple veins. Early. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

Lady Stanhope. A tall, bold Iris, with exquisite lavender flowers; falls a little darker than the uprights. Flowers large, on stalks often 3 feet high. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

Madame Chereau. Tall, with high standards; white with blue margins. 15c. ea., $1.55 per doz.

Mrs. Woodhouse. Pale coppery yellow flowers; very attractive. 20 cts. each.

Germanica neglecta. One of the tallest and earliest of the German type, producing large, blue flowers. A striking and handsome Iris. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

Nimrod. Pale and dark purple. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

Pearl. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

Penelope. Low form, with nearly white flowers. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

ners Flowers deep, dark copper. 20 cts each.

Princess Louise. This new Iris is a very charm- ing form with rose-purple flowers. 25 cts. each.

a perennial planting

Iris, Purple Blush. A showy form, with rose-

purple striped flowers. 15c. each, $1.50 per doz.

Queen of Gypsies. A little taller than the average; uprights light mulberry, falls velvety purple with white stripes. A strong form with ample stems. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

Queen of May. A new and choice kind with mauve-purple flowers, somewhat resembling Her Majesty, though distinct from that variety. June 1. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

Roi des Belges. Purple falls, lighter than the standards. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

Socrates. Standards clear yellow, falls dark purple; large. Very rich and effective color combination. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

Spectabilis. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

Stylosa. Tall; standards white, tinged blue; falls purple with white stripes. Flowers large. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

Sylvia. Pale blue and purplish blue. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

Velveteen. Pale yellow standards; dark, velvety purple falls. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

Walter Scott. Standards coppery yellow; falls dark, velvety purple; strong growing; flowers June 10. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

In Various Colors, Mixed. The flowers show a variation in form and delicacy of coloring not excelled by many expensive and tender orchids. June. 10 cts. each, $1 per doz.

14 Harpy PERENNIALS FRED’K H. HORSFORD, CHARLOTTE, VERMONT

Iris Sibirica. From Siberia. Perfectly hardy. A profusion of light blue flowers. June. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz. Seeds, 5 cts. per pkt.

I.—, var. White-flowered. Produces white flowers of great beauty. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

I.—, var. Snow Queen. One of the best white Irises, and apparently as hardy as any of the Siberian Irises. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

I.—, var. orientalis. One of the best hardy blue sorts. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

1. versicolor. Common BLuz Fiaa. Is the com- mon Blue Flag of our brooksides and wet meadows. It grows naturally in moist places. but will thrive in any good garden soil when in cultivation. One of the best bog varieties. giving much bright color in its season, and blooms profusely in long spikes. June. 15 cts each, $1.50 per doz.

I. laevigata (J. Kaempferi). JAPAN Iris. This is one of the most popular of all the Irises, when grown on the right kind of soil. It comes in after the more common kinds are past bloom. and gives a great variety of color. It prefers a rather heavy, moist soil and will stand con- siderable enrichment. A few named kinds. strong plants. 30 cts. each, $3 per doz. Fine mixed, 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

Iris pumila

Iris longipetala. A species from Oregon, with blue flowers. A very pretty and effective va- riety that should be largely planted. 15 cts. each.

—= °

pallida Dalmatica. Tall, with finest lavender flowers. One of the handsomest of all Irises and most majestic in appearance as it carries its very large flowers in clusters of four or five on long stems. 25 cts. each.

Pseudacorus. Yrttow Frac. This is a strong-growing sort, 2 to 3 feet high, with clusters of good-sized yellow flowers. While it will do well in any ordinary garden soil, it seems to like moisture, and thrives best along the wet margins of brooks, where it soon forms good, large clumps. This is one of the taller, rank-growing kinds. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

pumila. A very pretty dwarf species, fine for edging; lilac-purple. April. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

I.—. Rose-purple. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

I.—, Hybrid. Purple flowers; early. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

I.—, Hybrid. Yellow; a very fine new Iris, with yellow flowers. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

— °

— °

BA ris levigata (Japan Iris)

| I

FRED’K. H. HORSFORD, CHARLOTTE, VERMONT Harpy PERENNIALS = 15

Lilium maculatum

Lilium auratum Lilium Henryi

LILIES - LiLium

HOSE of you who have grown Lilies,and grown them well, know what great satis-

faction there is in having a collection of this flower. It requires more attention in planting and caring for than many of the garden plants, and should not be left without attention as many others are when once they are planted.

The majority of species are hardy when once well established, yet by experience we find that a little covering is good to protect from sudden changes in winter. In light soils this can be remedied by deep planting, but I have found that deep planting in heavy soils is not so well as a more shallow setting with good winter protection. When the bulbs are once frozen in for the winter and a long warm spell comes which thaws them out en- tirely, they are liable to injury. But with a covering of hay, leaves, or straw manure, an ordinary winter’s thaw does not reach them.

Like most other plants, fall planting will give best results if the frost is not allowed to reach the bulbs the first winter; but, on the other hand, spring setting is safer when there is danger that frost will reach the bulbs. Lilies, like most other garden flowers here in the North, stand much more cold after being well established.

I find this bulb stands much more enrichment than has been supposed. Under Aura- tums, Speciosums, and Candidums I have had good success in putting a thin layer of sphagnum moss. I never set Auratums in the nursery without this sphagnum under them. It protects the bottom of the bulbs from the enriched soil and seems to stimulate their growth. Sphagnum moss Is used in packing our bulbs, and can be used for this purpose.

Lilies, like the hollyhock and potato, are liable in certain wet seasons to blight. When once it gets hold, as with the potato blight, spraying with bordeaux does not seem to be of much benefit, but, when the spraying is done before the blight comes, it is likely to prevent it and seems also to stimulate the growth of the plant.

In light loamy soils, in cold climates, 8 inches deep is not too much in the North. This depth seems to protect against drought as well as frost.

Lilies like good drainage as well as plenty of moisture during the blooming season. In heavy soils that are not well drained they seldom succeed.

Not rarely some Lilies do not appear above ground the first year after setting, but seem to go through a season of recuperation and come up strong and good the second spring. I have had L. Brownz and others do this, especially where imported bulbs were

AYASUNN YNO NI (NA TIAHdOIMAW) ATVOSAY WAIT JO ATAIA

FRED’K H. HORSFORD, CHARLOTTE, VERMONT

TARGA

Lilium speciosum

Harpy PERENNIALS

Lilium superbum

LILIES, continued

used which had become dry and the outer scales shrunken. When bulbs are stored in a cellar in tight boxes and in soil which is not allowed to become too dry, they will often winter in fine condition.

Many Lilies not only bear roots at the bottom of the bulb, but from where the

stem joins the bulb to near the surface of the bed have a large root growth.

The

Auratums are especially noted for this. It is well, therefore. to have plenty of well- composted manure worked in the soil to a good depth so that not only the ground under the bulb is enriched but near the surface also, so that the roots above

the bulb are stimulated.

BROWNII (L. japonicum, var. Brownit). Bears three or four flowers, 7 to 8 inches long, partly drooping, chocolate-purple outside and white within. A very showy and desirable kind which is nice for cutting, or in any place. It is a durable one with me. July. $2 each.

CANADENSE. Witp YeE.LLow Lity. Flowers vary in color—red and yellow. Grows 2 to 5 feet high and is a most hardy species. Nice to plant among shrubbery, and does quite well in shade. June and July. 15c. each, $1.50 per doz.

CANADENSE var. RUBRUM. 25 cts. each, $2.50 per doz.

CANDIDUM. Ascension or Maponna LIty. Handsome, large, fragrant, pure white flowers. Easy of culture; does best when left undis- turbed after planting. These are grown in the North of France; during, and following the war, this last fall, these bulbs did not get over in time for best results, and stock was not quite up to the usual standard. We are promised good quality this year, however; and an early enough delivery to insure good fall growth. I can quote only prices prevailing at time of shipment in September. Fall supplement in August will probably give price of Candidums.

CROCEUM. Golden yellow; closely follows L. Dahuricum in blooming. 30 cts. each.

ELEGANS, var. INCOMPARABILE. Deep red; one of the best easy growers. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

ELEGANS, var. ORANGE. A very vigorous and healthy form. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

ELEGANS, var. THUNBERGIANUM. Flow- ers pale scarlet. June. Japan. 20 cts. each.

ELEGANS, var. UMBELLATUM. One of the more common forms and a rather strong grower. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

GRAYI. This species has a bulb of about the same shape as Canadense, but smaller. The flowers are dark orange-red, fine for cutting to go with white flowers. 40 cts. each.

HANSONII. See L. maculatum. HENRYI. This is a splendid Lily from China,

the most vigorous I have ever seen. Flowers closely resemble those of L. speciosum in shape, but are a handsome deep orange-yellow, banded with green. Where soil, moisture and other conditions were favorable, I have known this Lily to grow and thrive ten or more years without any special care. sending out taller flower-stalks each season until fully matured, bearing magnificent clusters of its beautiful flowers in the greatest profusion. I consider it as healthy and permanent as any kind I have

Lilium tenuifolium Lilium tigrinum Lilium regale

18 Harpy PERENNIALS FRED’K H. HORSFORD, CHARLOTTE, VERMONT

—

LILIES, continued

Henryi, continued known. Like most other Lilies of the Specio- sum class, it is well to cover it a little during the winter. 40 cts. each, $4 per doz.

KRAMERI. See L. japonicum, var. roseum. LEICHTLINII. See L. Maximowiczii.

MACULATUM (L. Hansonii). Under favor- able conditions attains a height of 3 feet. The flowers of this species are reddish orange, six to ten in a cluster: petals thick and durable. A rare Japanese Lily that is rather high in price, but so permanent and healthy has it been with me that I consider it one of the cheapest. I have never lost a bulb after it was once established, and I have bulbs which have bloomed every year for years. 75 cts. each.

REGALE. Vigorous constitution, medium in height, bearing one to several handsome, white, fragrant flowers; slightly shaded pink outside and the lower inner surface primrose-yellow. It is a hardy Lily and I consider it one of the finest novelties offered in many years. It seems to thrive on any good soil not too wet. One customer from New Hampshire writes: “These of last fall did so very well. I find it one of the easiest Lilies to grow.’’ Everyone who sees a L. Regale bed in bloom admires it. Blooms about the same time as L. candidum. 75 cts. each, $7.50 per doz.

SARGENTIL#. This beautiful Lily, a native of Thibet and local in its distribution, grows taller than Regale, with its flowers in a cluster at the summit. Its white flowers have a chocolate shading outside. Too much moisture is not suited to this bulb nor too dry soil. My stock of this is too small to offer until October, when plenty of sizable bulbs will be ready.

SUPERBUM. American TurK’s Cap Lity.

This native Lily is one of the finest and most hardy of all. It often attains a height of 6 feet and produces a large number of flowers. Its flowers are bright orange in color, with dark spots. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

TENUIFOLIUM. Srspertan Corat Lity. One

of the most delicate and charming species. One to 2 feet high, with one to fifteen or more nodding, rich scarlet flowers. 20 cts. each.

TIGRINUM, var. SPLENDENS. By far the

best form of Tiger Lily I have had. It is taller, with handsome, large flowers and a much healthier plant. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

WILLMOTTI2. This new and rare Lily was

discovered by Mr. Wilson in the Province of Hupeh, China. It is a very floriferous and hardy Lily: as many as 28 blooms have been borne here on a single plant. In color it is like a shade of orange, or technically, it is that of rouge saturne. It is still very rare in cultiva- tion. It blooms with the Regale and seems to be quite as hardy. $2 each.

Japanese Lilies

AURATUM. Go.p-Banpep Japan Lity. This

is the most popular Lily grown. No species ever had so much general favor. It is a very variable species in the size, color, etc., of its flowers, and also in the time of flowering. A bed of one hundred Auratums will produce flowers over a longer time than a hundred of any other Lily species. Flowers white, with a central band and numerous deep purple spots. Height 2 to 6 feet, not rarely bearing twenty large, fragrant flowers 8 to 12 inches across, with a fragrance so strong that a bouquet will

FRED’K H. HORSFORD. CHARLOTTE, fee Harpy PERENNIALS

=

Lilium speciosum

LILIES, continued

Auratum, continued fill a large church with their odor. A clump makes a glorious show. July and September. First-sized bulbs. 75 cts. each, $7.50 per doz.

ELEGANS, var. FULGENS (L. Batemanniz). A strong variety, about 244 feet high; deep apricot flowers. 60 cts. each, $6 per doz.

JAPONICUM, var. ROSEUM (L. Krameri). All who see this Lily in flower admire it, and it is often thought to be the most delicately tinted of all. The flowers vary from pure white in a few to a deep reddish pink. They are of fairly good size, but of a most delicate struc- ture, quite in keeping with the color. It isa little difficult to grow on account of the fall rains getting into the center of the bulb and rotting it. It is said that the Japanese often

plant this Lily on its side, so that its scale will shed the rains, and to prevent the water

Lilium tigrinum

aponicum, continued from entering the center of the bulb. There seems to be little difficulty in having them live when fresh bulbs are set in spring. 60 cts. each, $6 per doz.

LONGIFLORUM. A grand Lily, with pure white, funnel-shaped flowers, often 7 inches long. Often used for forcing for Easter to take the place of the more tender Bermuda Lily. 50 cts. each, $5 per doz.

MAXIMOWICZII (L. Leichtlinit), var. RED- DISH YELLOW. This is a later-blooming species than most of the red or yellow kinds, and stronger than the yellow variety. 60 cts. each, $6 per doz.

RUBELLUM. I consider this the earliest Lily in my collection. The delicate pink flowers are showy and last well. While it is not so robust and durable as L. speciosum, it is a longer-lived species than L. Kramert. 60 cts. each, $6 per doz.

SPECIOSUM, var. ALBUM. About the same as the well-known L. speciosum rubrum, except that the flowers are white. It is a more ex- pensive Lily. August and September. 70 cts. each, $7 per doz.

SPECIOSUM, var. MAGNIFICUM and MEL- POMENE aare sub-varieties of L. speciosum rubrum and will be supplied at the same price as Rubrum as long as stocks last. 65 cts. each, $6.50 per doz.

SPECIOSUM, var. ROSEUM. White, shaded and spotted with rose. 65c. each, $6.50 per doz.

SPECIOSUM, var. RUBRUM. This fine, late- blooming plant from Japan is one of the most showy of Lilies; of medium height, and not difficult to grow. Blooms in August and September. Good flowering bulbs. 65 cis. each, $6.50 per doz.

19

20 Harpy PERENNIALS

FRED’K H. HORSFORD, CHARLOTTE, VERMONT

LATHYRUS latifolius. Prerennrat PEA: Ever- LASTING PEA. A very desirable perennial, and, though the flowers are not fragrant, like the sweet pea, they are very handsome and well worth growing. 15 cts. each.

L.—, var. White Peari. A fine white variety with large, purest white flowers. 30 cts. each.

LIATRIS. Gay FEATHER; BuTTON SNAKEROCOT. A group of plants of the composite family, with purple or nearly white flower-heads. Fine for the border. Liatris are easily grown from seed, bloom continuously and last for years.

L. pycnostachya. Prarrizr or Kansas Gay FeatHer. Long spikes of rose-purple flower- heads. 20c. each, $2 per doz.

L. scariosa. This is a much showier form than is usually sent out for this plant. It has large, showy, purple heads and flowers much later than the others. A very imposing form. 25 cts. each.

L. spicata. Has spikes of good-sized purplish flower-heads, 6 to 15 inches in length. Blooms profusely. August. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

LINUM austriacum. AusTRALIAN FrLax. Has pale blue flowers in June and July. It is a pretty border plant and remains for a long time in bloom. June. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

L. flavum. Is rather low in growth, with many branches, which terminate in a great number of bright yellow flowers. One of the best hardy perennials with yellow flowers. June and July. 20 cts. each.

ne polyphyllus

LOBELIA cardinalis. Carpryat Flower. The Cardinal Flower of our swamps and brooksides. Is one of the most striking of our wild flowers: often 4 feet high. Its elongated spikes of deep scarlet flowers attract attention in any place. Though naturally found in moist or boggy soil, it takes kindly to cultivation. and may be grown with success in any good garden soil. August. The Cardinal Flower may be natural- ized by sowing the seed in moist places where the surface is always damp, and even in partial shade, where it will grow without care. It is like the fringed gentian in this respect. but will do with more shade than the gentian. It should be shaded for three to four days after transplant- ing. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

LUPINUS polyphyllus. Has good-sized spikes of handsome blue flowers in June: attains a height of 3 feet and is a desirabie plant for the border. or to grow among shrubbery. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

L.—, var. aibus. A white variety of the preced- ing and makes a lovely combination when planted with it. 25 cts. each.

L.—, var. roseus is a new form with rose-colored flowers. A desirable new flower. 25 cts. each.

LYCHNIS. A showy ciass.

L. alpina. Has pink flowers, in close, compact heads half an inch wide. Plant about 6 inches high. A native of the Alps. May. 29 cts. each, $2 per doz.

L. Chalcedonica. Matrresr Cross: JERUSALEM Cross; ScaRLeET LIGHTNING. Two to 3 feet high, with white or scarlet flowers in good- sized corymbose heads. Give it a rich soil and it will bloom all summer. June. 20 cts.

each, $2 per doz.

FRED’K H. HORSFORD, CHARLOTTE, VERMONT

Lychnis coronaria. MuLiein Pink; Rose Cam- pion. Flowers red; showy in June. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

L. Flos-cuculi. $1.50 per doz.

L. dioica (L. diurna, var. rosea). About 2 feet high: rose-purple flowers. A native of Britain; hardy, showy. Naturalized along woodland walks or half-shaded borders, it will live and make a good showing while in bloom. May and June. 20 cts. each.

L. Flos-Jovis. Grows 12 to 18 inches high making a clump. Flowers in a rather dense umbel. Individual flowers half an inch wide or less. 25 cts. each.

LYTHRUM Salicaria, var. roseum superbum. Rosy Strire. A rose-colored form of L. Sali- caria, a native of England. where it is found erowing on the margins of lakes and streams. Height 3 to 5 feet, bearing leafy spikes of rose- purple flowers. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

MALVA moschata. Musk Mattow. Flowers rose or white, about 2 inches wide. in terminal axillary clusters: height about 2 feet: branching. A handsome perennial native of Britain. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

MERTENSIA virginica. VirRGINIAN CowsLIP; Buue Betts. A foot or two high, with dark ereen foliage, and loose panicies of rich blue- purple flowers in eariy spring. 25 cts. each, $2.50 per doz.

MITELLA diphylia. BisHop’s Cap; MirErRwort. The plant is a low and slender one with pretty, small, white flowers in racemes 6 to 8 inches long. Nice for the rockery and likes partial shade. 15 cts. each.

MONARDA didyma. Osweco Tra: BEE Bam; FRAGRANT Bato. Cardinal-red flowers in large, showy heads 2 or more inches across, on leafy, angled stems about 3 feet high, and when massed for distinct effects against a dark back- ground, its brilliant flowers give bright, semi- tropic garden pictures in summer. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

MYOSOTIS. ForGEetT-ME-NoT. M. alpestris, Victoria. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz. M. scorpioides, var. semperflorens (M. palus- tris). TRUE FoRGET-ME-NoT. A fine plant for garden and for moist or wet grounds. 20 cts. each.

CGENOTHERA,. Eveninc Primrose.

QE. Missouriensis. A low, caulescent perennial with decumbent stems and bearing many large, axillary, yellow flowers. A very perma- nent plant in well-drained, sandy or gravelly soil, but not difficuit to establish in any good garden soil. 20 cts. each.

PZEONIA § albiflora (P. chinensis). CHINESE PEontIEs. Among the many popular herbaceous plants it would be hard to find one that fits into any position in the garden or grounds like the Peony. The gorgeous display of flowers in their season is very effective, while the dark green foliage is at all times attractive. What better

RaGGED Rostn. 15 cts. each

Harpy PERENNIALS Q1

Malva moschata

Peonia, continued

frontage for shrubs or, in fact, for any large or small plantation, than Peonies) They are also well suited to massing in beds by them- selves. While Peonies may be planted with good results in spring or fall, there is probably no bet- ter time than from August 20 to the middle of September. Give the borders or beds a deep and thorough spading; yes, trench the ground, working in a liberal supply of the best decom- posed manure, and again a top-dressing of the same in the spring. Avoid planting too deep: a couple of inches of earth over the buds is suffi- cient. Don’t expect too much of them the first year. They are a little slow in their esrowth, but after a couple of seasons, if they have been well cared for, you will have no reason for regretting the extra pains in setting. They bloom in June.

Albert Crousse. A very large, flat, and compact bloom; rose-white, flecked crimson; fragrant Tall, erect, and a very free bloomer. An extra- fine variety. $1.50 each.

August Miellez. Pale red and blush. 55 cts. each.

Baron Rothschild. Double; shell-pink, white center. 60 cts. each.

22 Harpy PERENNIALS

FRED’kK H. HORSFORD, CHARLOTTE, VERMONT

Pzonia Festiva Maxima

Peonia albiflora, continued

Charles Russela. Double: red. 60 cts. each.

Crimson Queen. 40 cts. each.

Double Red. 30 cts. each.

Double Rose. 50 cts. each.

Duchess of Orleans. Pale red and blush. A charming variety. 65 cts. each.

Faust. White, tinged pink. 60 cts. each.

Festiva Maxima. One of the finest early white Peonies: flowers very large and double, splashed with clear carmine spots on edges of center petals; foliage good and flowers fragrant. 70 cts.

Golden Harvest. Medium size, crown-shaped; pale lilac-rose and cream-white center, crown pink; fragrant: medium height. 70 cts. each.

L’Excellente. One of the fine double, dark red forms. Large, fragrant flowers. 55 cts. each.

Lutitiana. Pale pink, yellow center. 60 cts. each.

Mary Tudor. Flower semi-double; rose, creamy center. 40 cts. each.

Magnifica. A fine double white, shaded with carmine. 90 cts. each.

Mutabilis. Pale pink. 75 cts. each.

Professor Morren. Pale pink. 55 cts. each.

Purpurea. Fine double purple flowers. 45 cts.

Reevesii. Fine: full-double; pink. 75 cts. each.

Rose de Gendbrugg. Pale rose. 55 cts. each.

Rubra plenissima. Pale pink. 45 cts. each.

Sappho. Dark rose. 45 cts. each.

Semi-Double Red. A new seedling of much merit. 50 cts. each.

Single Red. 60 cts. each.

Teas’ No. 1. A large, full-double, blush-pink flower, delicately fragrant and a most exquisite shade. $1 each.

Teas’ No. 3. A fine double; red. 55 cts. each.

Peonia albiflora, continued

The Bride. Large; double; white, touched with pink. $1 each.

Venus. A fine double, white form. 65 cts. each.

Victor Lemoine. Double; crimson. 50 cts. each.

Victoria. Single white. One of the best single white Peonies. $1.50 each.

Victoria. Double; white. $1 each.

Wellington. Pale rose or pink. 55 cts. each.

P. officinalis, var. rosea-plena. 75 cts. each.

P.—, var. rubra-plena. 60 cts. each.

P. tenuifolia, var. fl.-pl. An early, double Peony with deep scarlet flowers, but not so large as the ordinary sorts. 75 cts. each.

Mixed Seedlings. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

PANSIES. See Viola tricolor.

PAPAVER nudicaule. IczeLanp Poppy. White, reddish orange or common golden yellow flow- ers. Very hardy and a permanent perennial when established in congenial soil. May to November. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

LARGE ORIENTAL POPPIES

Papaver orientale

Mrs. Perry. A fine salmon-rose. One of the best of

the large Poppies.

Perry’s White. A valuable addition to the list of perennials. The flowers are a pure satiny white, ee crimson-maroon blotch at the base of each petal.

Gerald Perry. One of the most attractive of the Oriental Poppies yet seen. Large flowers of a uniform shade of apricot-pink, conspicuously blotched crimson.

Any of the above, 50 cts. each

PENTSTEMON. Bearp-Toncusr. This

FRED’K H. HORSFORD, CHARLOTTE, VERMONT

Papaver orientale. ORIENTAL Poppy. A most

attractive plant, easy of culture, and with me one of the most permanent of perennials. A loamy or slaty soil with good drainage is right for it. 15 cts. each.

P.—, var. Mahony. The darkest carmine- purple. 30 cts. each.

P.—, var. Royal Scarlet. Itisa fine hardy perennial, having great red flowers with dark center. 25 cts. each, $2.50 per doz.

P. pilosum. Flowers about 3 inches in diameter, reddish yellow, with pale spot at base of petals. 15 cts. each.

genus comprises a large number of variously colored flowers. Few genera among the popular hardy perennials afford a greater number that are so attractive. Their natural graceful- ness, variety of colors, and great abundance of flowers make them use- fulin many places. They like a sandy soil, with leaf-mold intermixed, and plenty of moisture in summer, but in winter good drain- age is essential. Though hardy as a rule, too much frost with an excess of moisture in winter seems to be fatal to most of this genus. Every flower-garden should have at least a few of these lovely flowers.

Pentstemon levigatus

Harpy PERENNIALS 23

Papaver nudicaule See page 22

Pentstemon acuminatus. Lilac or violet flow- ers in July. Stems erect, about a foot high. A very attractive flower and nice for cutting. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

P. barbatus, var. Torreyi. About 2 feet high: showy flowers; red or scarlet. One of the most attractive. 25 cts. each, $2.50 per doz.

P. grandiflorus. One of the showiest, with thick, leathery leaves at base of stem and long, one- sided spikes of large, showy, lilac or purple flowers. 25 cts. each.

P. levigatus (P. Digitalis). Common on moist grounds in the West. Though not so showy as some, its flowers are quite abundant, nearly white; a trifle more than an inch in length. Moist, sandy soil is its choice. June. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

PHLOX paniculata. Hysprip Pytoxres. Many of

the best hardy perennials are of this genus. Dwarf species, like P. subulata and its varieties, are useful in rockwork. The taller sorts, P. paniculata and P. maculata, give some most delicate and varied colors, and are prized as among the most staple garden perennials.

Following named Phlox varieties at 20 cts. each,

$2 per doz., except where otherwise noted.

Anna Crozy. An old-time favorite and one of the best whites.

Arataxis. Pink and white.

Bridesmaid. White with large crimson-carmine eye.

Eclaireur. One of the best of the rosy magentas, with flowers of thicker material than most other varieties.

General Chanzy. A very attractive color— bright pink, tinted salmon. A bed of these is a beautiful sight when in bloom.

Hanny Pfeiderer. Large; white, with cherry- red center.

Independence. Large; pure white. Very fine for contrast with the colored varieties.

D4. Harpy PERENNIALS

Phlox paniculata, continued

Jeanne d’Arc. Medium tall: white; late.

Jordan. A large-petaled, soft dark rose with darker eye.

Mme. Paul Dutrie. Delicate lilac-rose; flowers large and borne in large panicles.

Pantheon. Large, dark pink flowers: very fine.

Richard Wallace. White, violet center.

Rijnstroom (Rhine Stream). A grand new Phlox, resembling Pantheon, but with larger flower- heads. A soft, clear pink; medium height and strong grower. 25 cts. each.

R. P. Struthers. Rosy carmine with claret-red eye.

The Pearl. One of the best white Phloxes. Medium tall and an excellent variety.

Von Lassburs. Handsome pure white with very large individual flowers.

Tapis Blanc. Rather dwarf with beautiful heads of large white flowers. One of the best dwarf whites.

The Queen. A fine, tall, white variety.

W. O Veen. Delicate, soft shade of lilac. 25 cts. each.

P. suffruticosa, Miss Lingard. A fine, free- blooming Phlox, coming into flower much earlier than other kinds and_ continuing through the season. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

P. amoena. A low species, native to dry hills and barrens. Flowers pink, purple and, occa- sionally, white. This form is pink. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

P. divaricata. This species grows naturally in shade or partial shade, and does best in such a location. Six to 12 inches high, flowers blue or lilac. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

P.—, var. alba. 15 cts, each, $1.50 per doz.

Planting of Hardy Phlox

FRED’K H. HORSFORD, CHARLOTTE, VERMONT

Phlox paniculata, continued P. stolonifera (reptans).

A handsome, low- growing species. forming dense beds which, when in bloom. display a solid sheet of red flowers. May to June. 20 cts. each.

P. subulata. Moss Pink. Creeping and tufted,

Flowers pure white to

forming broad mats. 15 cts. each, $1.50

rosy red. May and June. per doz. P.—, var. alba. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz. P.—, var. Alice Wilson. The flowers of this are violet-blue. 20 cts. each.

PHYSOSTEGIA virginica. Fats—E Dracon- Heap. Flowers about an inch long, varying in color from purplish red to pink and white. 15 cts. each. $1.50 per doz.

P.—, var. alba. The white form of this plant is very pretty and fine for cutting. 20 cts. each.

PLATYCODON é¢randiflorum. JAPANESE BELL- FLOWER. Six to 15 inches high. Large, soli- tary, white or blue flowers at the ends of the branches. China and Japan. Summer. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

P.—, var. album. 20 cts. each.

P.—, var. Mariesii. Not so tall as the typical Grandiflorum, but with large blue flowers in great profusion. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

PODOPHYLLUM peltatum. ManpRAKE: May AppLe. A good plant for shade. The flower is pure white or nearly so, of good size, but often hidden by the foliage. It has large, round, lobed, peltate leaves. 20 cts. each.

POLEMONIUM Van Bruntia (P. ceruleum). Jacos’s Lapprer. A fine border plant, with handsome blue flowers in early summer. May and June. 20 cts. each.

ew

FRED’K H. HORSFORD, CHARLOTTE, VERMONT

Harpy PERENNIALS 25

Polemosiium reptans. GREEK VALERIAN. Loose- panicled corymbs of blue or sometimes white flowers. Plant 6 inches high, blooming in spring. 20 cts. each.

POLYGONATUM multiflorum. Davin’s Harp; Lapy’s Seat. One to 3 feet high, with small white flowers. A nice plant for the wild garden. Last of May. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

POLYGONUM amplexicaulee. MOUNTAIN FLEECE. Strong-growing plant, 3 to 5 feet high. Flowers nearly white, borne very profusely. Makes a brilliant display in the garden. Needs a little covering in Vermont, as it is somewhat tender. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

POTENTILLA rupestris. Flowers white, borne on long stems; a fine plant for dry places. 12 cts. each, $1 per doz.

PRIMULA officinalis (P. veris of Lehman and of Linnzus in part). Cowstip; PALsywort. Plant in rich, well-drained soil, in the border or in the rockery. Flowers vary from a clear yel- low to pleasing shades of yellow and maroon. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

P. officinalis, Yellow and Maroon. 25c. each. P. officinalis, Clear Yellow. 35 cts. each.

RUDBECKIA laciniata, var. ‘‘Golden Glow.”’ One of the finest plants, 6 to 8 feet tall, with large, full, double, golden yellow flowers in great profusion. Two or three plants will soon make a fine clump. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

R. Newmanii. Fiowers large; yellow with dark purple centers. Grows 1 to 3 feet high. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

SALVIA azurea, var. grandiflora. Sacer. Delicate blue flowers in August. A permanent plant of easy culture, adding a much-needed touch of blue to the garden when yellow seems to be predominant. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

Sanguinaria canadensis

SANGUINARIA canadensis.

Has very pretty white flowers in early spring, an inch or two wide, followed by large, heart- shaped leaves, which remain until autumn. It will do well in shade. and on this account is one of the most valuable for the shady corner 12 cts. each, $1 per doz., $6 per 100.

BLOODROOT.

26 Harpy PERENNIALS FRED’K H. HORSFORD, CHARLOTTE, VERMONT

Sedum spurium coccineum. Rose-purple flowers; low-growing; nice for rocks. 12 cts. each, $1.20 per doz.

S. stoloniferum. A species from Asia Minor, with pink or white flowers. 12 cts. each, $1.20 per doz.

S. Telephium. The common Live Forever of our meadows. Good for rocky, barren situa- tions. 10 cts. each, $1 per doz.

S. ternatum. Stems spreading; 3 to 6 inches high. 15 cts. each.

SILENE alpestris. ALPINE CatcHFLy. A low, per- ennial, white-flowered plant, 5 to 6 inches high, forming tufts. A fine plant for the low border as well as for rockwork. 20 cts. each.

SPIRA Aruncus. See Aruncus, page 4. S. Filipendula. See Ulmaria, page 27.

STACHYS lanata. Wootty Wounpwort. The blooms are striped, in whorls; leaves thick, soft and woolly. A fine bor- der plant blooming in June and July. 12 cts. each, $1.20 per dioiz.

STATICE lati- folia. SEA LAVENDER. A handsome

Sedum ee aple

SAPONARIA officinalis. Common Soapwort; Bouncine Bet. Will grow in the poorest soil.

12 cts. each. “jain, 2 See SEDUM. Sronecrop. A very large genus, com- high, from a prising more than a hundred species of plants, deep root. mostly hardy, and natives of temperate or Scape much frigid regions. Their flowers are mostly white branched, or yellow, sometimes pink or blue. panicle large S. acre. Watt Pepper: Mossy Stonecrop. A and prea pretty species for rockwork:; well known and Bek eae considerably used. 10 cts. each, $1 per doz. eo ES

P : ieee summer. As

S. Aizoon (S. Mazimowiczii). Flowers yellow, Ea Tl sin Gre opening in a dense, flat. spreading cyme in ting as the late summer. About a foot high. Japan. 15 Gypsophila. cts. each, $1.50 per doz. A hardy and S. hybridum. A low, creeping plant, forming permanent compact tufts, 4 to 5 inches high, with hand- plant, which some yellow flowers in umbellate cymes, 2 to 3 should be inches across. A native of Siberia and flowers in given a deep summer. Does well in dry, rocky places. 12 soil, sunny cts. each, $1.25 per doz., $6 per 100. position and S. maximum. A stout, bushy plant, 2 feet left undis- high or less. Flowers whitish with red spots turbed. Its toward the tips. 20 cts. each. color gives a S. pallidum, var. roseum. 15 cts. each, $1.50 most desir- per doz. able touch to S. reflexum. Flowering stems, 8 to 10 inches the hardy

high; flowers yellow, three-fourths of an inch border and is very attract-

wide. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz. 4 S. spectabile, var. purpureum. This form is pe 20 BES: See ct = ’ . . much better than the type, having larger and met tachys lanata darker purple flowers and larger cymes. 20 cts. STOKESIA cyanea. Sroke’s Aster. A sare,

each, $2 per doz. : , hardy plant of the Aster family; 12 to 18 S.—, var. Brilliant. This form has still deeper inches high, and very thrifty. Of surpassing rose flowers, and is an improvement on the -----. beauty, with blue flowers in August. Leaves

Purpureum. 20 cts. each. ee _-are rich green. 25 cts. each, $2 per doz.

FRED’K H. HORSFORD, CHARLOTTE, VERMONT

o ~

Harpy PERENNIALS g

d

TANACETUM vulgare, var. crispum, is the cut- leaved form of the common Tansy. It is interesting, both for the foliage and for its flowers. 12 cts. each, $1.25 per doz.

THALICTRUM dasycarpum. PureLE MrEapow Rust. Two to 4 feet high; purplish stem; flowers greenish and purple. Grows naturally in dry uplands. 20 cts. each.

T. dioicum. Earty Mrapow Rue. One to 2 feet high; flowers purplish and greenish in am- ple panicles, dicecious, coming in April and May. Nice for planting in shade. 15 cts. each.

T. minus. A somewhat variable species 1 to 2 feet high: blooms in summer. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

T. polygamum. Tatt Meapow Rue. Stately plant, when grown in rich, moist soil. Flowers white: foliage good. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

THERMOPSIS caroliniana. Grows 4 feet high, with bright yellow flowers. 25 cts. each.

TIARELLA cordifolia. Fatse Mirerwort; Foam Frower. Handsome in leaf and flower: quite hardy; easily increased, and at home in any moist. sandy soil. Fine for the shady corner, shady or sunny portions of the rockery, or, if not too dry, in full sun. Creamy white flowers, star-shaped, massed on stems above the foliage. May. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

TRADESCANTIA virginiana. Spmerwort. A good plant for decorative purposes among shrubbery or along the margins of woodland walks. After a time it forms fine, large clumps, 10 to 18 inches high, with numerous terminal umbels of large, light blue flowers. 15 cts. each.

TRILLIUM. Woop Liry; Wake Rosin. Early- flowering bulbous plants, which are generally fond of shade. Large, handsome, dark green

Thalictrum

Trillium, continued

leaves. which continue for a long time after the flower. If planted in spring, it should be done early. Autumn or late summer is the best time to transplant them. Clumps of Tril- liums interspersed amongst the shrubbery make a most interesting feature of the garden. They bloom profusely in spring.

T. cernum. Noppine Trititium. About a foot high, bearing three leaves with a nodding white flower. 20 cts. each.

T. erectum. The common purple-flowered kind; one of the first in bloom. 12 cts. each, $1.10 per doz.

T. grandiflorum. Generally considered the best, and probably a thousand of it are sold to a hundred of any other kind. A very charming plant, blooming in early spring and liking shade. Very hardy and increases rapidly. 10 cts. each, 75 cts. per doz.

T. undulatum (T. erythrocarpum). PatnTEep Trittium. This native of cold damp woods is more difficult to grow than some. It needs leaf- mold and deeper setting, but will amply repay the extra care when established. 12 cts. each, $1.25 per doz.

TROLLIUS europzus. Common GLOBE FLOWER. Stems 6 to 20 inches high, bearing pale yellow flowers an inch or more wide. A very interest- ing plant with handsome flowers. June to August. 25 cts. each.

TUNICA Saxifraga. Has small pink flowers in the greatest profusion. Nice for the low border or for rockwork: blooms profusely. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

ULMARIA Filipendula (Spirea Filipendula). Merapow Sweet: Dropwort. Flowers white or rose outside; stem 2 to 3 feet high. grooved, erect, with a few small leaves. Tuberous- rooted, herbaceous perennial. June and July. A native of Europe. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

28 Harpy PERENNIALS

FRED’K H. HORSFORD, CHARLOTTE, VERMONT

Viola cornuta, var. alba

Ulmaria purpurea. One of the finest of Meadow Sweets. 2 to 4 feet high. 15 cts. each.

UVULARIA grandiflora. BeLLwort. Ten to 18 inches high, forking above numerous light green leaves and pale yellow flowers. Spring. 12 cts. each, $1.20 per doz.

VALERIANA coccinea. Showy heads of reddish flowers. June to October. 2 feet. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

V. officinalis. Harpy GARDEN HELIOTROPE. An old-time favorite. Showy heads ef rose-tinted white flowers during June and July. Tall- growing with a delightful heliotrope odor. 35 cts. each, $3.50 per doz.

VERONICA gentianoides. About 2 feet high. with pale blue flowers borne in profusion. 15c. each.

V. longifolia. Two feet high; lilac flowers. 12 cts. each, $1.20 per doz.

V.—, var. subsessilis. By far the finest of the hardy Veronicas. The flowers are large, and of an intense blue. A very decorative plant: quite permanent. 25 cts. each.

Veronica spicata. Handsome bright blue flowers in a dense spike; blooms profusely. Europe. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

VERBASCUM nigrum. Muvtuetmn. Handsome, bright yellow or white flowers in June. Plant 2 feet high and very stately: most effective in the border. Western Asia. 20 cts. each.

VIOLA. VIOLET.

V. canadensis. CAaNapraAN WHITE VIOLET. One of the best of wild Violets. Not rarely 18 inches high, branching and bearing numerous white- and-purple flowers. 12 cts. each, $1.25 per doz

V. cornuta. HorNED Pansy; TUFTED Pansy. The recently added varieties of this charming plant have greatly enhanced its value as a class, which is distinct from the common Pansy. Partial to moist soil: comes readily from seeds. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

V.—, var. alba. Like the preceding except the flowers are pure white. One of the daintiest. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

V. odorata, var. alba. 20 cts. each.

V. pubescens. Downy YELLOW VIOLET. Six to 12 inches high, with broadly heart-shaped leaves and yellow flowers. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

V. palmata, var. cucullata. Hooprep VIOLET. Blue flowers. 12 cts. each, $1.20 per doz.

V. tricolor. Pansy. Very popular. The flowers are borne profusely on long stems. It prefersa cool, moist bottom. 8 cts. each, 75 cts. per doz.

YUCCA filamentosa. Apam’s NEEDLE. Leaves about an inch wide. Pyramids of white, beil- shaped fiowers in July. 4 to 8 feet high. each.

ee D5 ate oY Yow

Trillium grandiflorum (see page 27)

FRED’K H. HORSFORD, CHARLOTTE, VERMONT

OrcHIpDs 29

HARDY TERRESTRIAL ORCHIDS

This charming hardy group contains some of the most showy hardy plants in cultivation. They are

very easy to manage, and exceedingly attractive when in flower.

No class of plants has more admirers, and

all who have had the pleasure of seeing them growing have doubtless been struck with the lovely and varied

coloring of some of this family.

To see them growing in their habitat is a treat which comparatively few

can enjoy, but with a little trouble we may have the pleasure of their flowers at home in our garden.

APLECTRUM hyemale. Putry-Roor: Apam AND Eve. Flower-stalks 10 to 15 inches high with about ten flowers which are yellowish, tinged with madder-purple. By the time the flowers are fully developed, the single leaf at the base of the stem has faded and soon disap-

pears. to come up again in October. Very odd and attractive. 50 cts. each.

CALOPOGON pulchelius. Flowers in _ loose racemes—magenta-crimson, rarely white.

Native to open bogs and meadows. 15 cts. each.

CYPRIPEDIUM parviflorum. Smatt YELLOW Lapy’s Sirpeer. One of the best native orchids: 6 to 15 inches high, with one or more brighé yellow flowers. The brown-purple spiral petals contrast nicely with the yellow lip; fragrant. Does well in sandy soil, with a mix- ture of peat or leaf-mold: likes some shade. May and June. 25 cts. 3,5, 6, or more buds at 25 cts. a bud. C.—, var. pubescens. LarGe YELLow Lapy’s Suipper. Resembles C. parviflorum, but is larger. Does well in almost any soil; likes some shade. One of the easiest to manage, and one of the most permanent when well set. It should be in every collection of hardy plants for it adds distinction to any planting. May and June. 25 cts. each, $2.50 per doz.

C. acaule. Common Lapy’s Siipper. This is another handsome native, beautiful, rose-col- ored flower 2 inches in length. Suited to well- drained fissures of rockwork. 20 cts. each. 3, 5, 6, or more buds at 20 cts. a bud.

C. hirsutum (spectabile). SHowy Lapy’s SurppER. The grandest of all terrestrial orchids. The flowers are borne on leafy stems 2 feet or more high. The pouch is much inflated, of a deep rose-purple or almost white, while sepals or petals are white. May be forced in peat or grown outside. It likes a con- siderable amount of moisture, but no stag- nant soil will suit. Strong, single-budded plants, 25 cts. each; plants with two flowering buds, 50 cts. each. A few larger plants, with 3, 5, 6 or more buds at 25 cts. a bud.

EPIPACTIS pubescens (Goodyera pubescens). RATTLESNAKE PLANTAIN. Reticulated leaves which are very pretty, are clustered at the base from which springs a stalk 12 to 18 inches high, terminating in a close spike of white flowers. The flowers of this plant are pretty enough in their season, but the leaves, lasting fresh through the winter, are very attractive. Needs shade and peat or leaf-mold. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

The most of these Orchids are quite permanent when established in the right soils.

Epipactis repens. Grows 6 to 12 inches high. Leaves much smaller than in Pubescens. Flow- ers white in a one-sided raceme. 35 cts. each.

E. tesselata. Stems average about 8 inches high leaves ovate to oblong-lanceolate, faintly veined. 35 cts. each.

HABENARIA blepharigiottis. Wuirre FRINGED Orcuips. An attractive white-flowered Orchid of our northern swamps and bogs. Flowers in short roundish or oval heads. 50 cts. each, $3.50 per doz.

H. fimbriata. Usually a little taller than Psycodes, with longer leaves and more densely flowered spike. Rich, wet deciduous woods and borders. Flowers paler than those of Psycodes:; leaves broader. We can offer only a few at $1 each.

H. psycodes. A rather pretty plant, native to wet meadows and swamps, about 2 feet high. Flowers purplish in a dense spike. 30 cts. each.

LIPARIS Leeselii. Twaysiapr. Grows 2 to 6 inches high from a bulbous root. Leaves elliptic or oblong, keeled. Flowers greenish yellow five to ten on a stem. 15 cts. each.

POGCNIA ophioglossoides. Flowers usually single, pale pink. Roots fibrous. 20 cts. each.

ORCHIS spectabilis (Galeorchis spectabilis). SHowy Orcuts. Grows 4 to 7 inches high, with two oblong leaves at the base; short, loose spikes of pink-purple flowers in May. Native to rich woods, 20 cts. each.

SPIRANTHES cernua. Lapisrs’ TREssEs. Grows 6 to 12 inches high. Leaves mostly radical. Flowers white; fragrant. Open grassy moist pastures and meadows. 20 cts. each.

See aes

I have seen one

or two of the Lady’s Slipper planted where they lasted five years; in one case, sixteen years.

30 Harpy Ferns FRED’K H. HORSFORD, CHARLOTTE, VERMONT

HARDY FERNS

N the last 20 years Hardy Ferns have gained much in popularity in America. They seem so well fitted for shady locations, where little else would succeed, that large num- bers are often used to fill space which seems suited to them alone. I believe it is usually understood that the right sort of enrichment for Ferns is decayed peat or good leaf-

mold, also well-decomposed chip dirt. The dark soils of our deep woods are suited to these shade-loving plants. I say “shade-loving,”’ because the majority are found only in shade in their natural homes, though a few thrive in very dry and sunny situations. As a rule, they are easy to grow. In fact, in some soils a few are inclined to spread and become weeds. We have hilly moist pastures in Vermont which are almost entirely given up to some species. This, however, is in only a few favored places and not many species are so inclined to spread. When they become well established in congenial soils, they are quite permanent and need almost no care, except to be let alone.

Though I have never tried barnyard manures under Ferns, I have read so often that manures are not congenial to them that I feel warranted in not advising their use. It may be that well-composted manures, where no further decomposition is possible, can be used sparingly under Ferns, if no leaf-mold or similar soil is ob- tainable, but it should be used sparingly and never when the leaf-mold is at hand. Some locations which are in the shade are not good for Ferns. The ground under maple trees is often so sapped of all moisture and enrichment that hardly Various fronds anything else can live there. Aspidium cristatum

FRED’K H. HORSFORD, CHARLOTTE, VERMONT

Adiantum

PEDATUM. Matpennair FERN. One of the most popular species of hardy sorts. It makes a good pot-plant, and is at home in almost any good garden soil where sufficient moisture is near, and drainage as well. It grows naturally in shade and also in the sun. The chief char- acteristics of this Fern are its airy poise and delicate frond texture. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz., $6 per 100.

Aspidium

CRISTATUM. A small, narrow-fronded plant which grows in moist meadows and swamps, but more commonly around old stumps and decayed trees in open meadows and pastures. It makes one of the best plants in cultivation. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

CLINTONIANUM. A much larger plant than the true type of A. cristatum; attains a height of 4 feet when grown under the most favorable conditions. It is usually found in shade, and is fine for the north side of the house. 25 cts. each, $2.50 per doz.

GOLDIEANUM. Not rarely attains a height of 4 feet in its natural home. Itis one of the finest Aspidiums. Moist, well-drained, loamy soil is good for it. 25 cts. each.

MARGINALE. Quite common on rocky hill- sides. Its large, light green fronds have a bluish tinge and are very durable; cut speci- mens will keep a long time. A valuable Fern for rocky or shaded slopes, or, in fact, for any place where it may be grown. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

NOVEBORACENSE. Of medium size and more delicate structure than most of the larger Ferns. Its height in favorable locations is a little more than a foot. 20c. each, $2 per doz.

SPINULOSUM. Makes a fine plant for any corner where it may be made to grow. Its fronds are 1% feet high, by 4 and 5 inches

wide, and so delicately constructed as to be very handsome. Is worth any amount of care and trouble to make it

> grow. 20 cts. each,

$2 per doz.

~ THELYPTERIS. aie much on dif- ferent soils. Fronds are about 2 feet high, long and narrow. Fine for giving variety to the front bed. 15 cts. each.

Dicksonia punctilobula

Harpy FErrns

Aspidiums are beautiful planted in masses

Asplenium

ACROSTICHOIDES (A. thelypteroides). S1- VER SPLEENWORT. Attains a height of 3 feet and has fronds 3 to 5 inches wide. It is one of the Ferns which grow alone if in good, moist soil. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

ANGUSTIFOLIUM. SpLeenwort. A fine, tall Spleenwort, growing in moist ravines, and often 3 feet high. Needs shade and a moist, rich soil. 25 cts. each, $2.50 per doz.

FILIX-FQEMINA. Lapy Fern. Has a larger number of cultivated forms in Europe than any other of our common Ferns. One to 3 feet high, with fine, delicate fronds, and very hardy. Shade and sun are alike con- genial, if soil is sufficiently rich and moist. Grows vigorously. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

PLATYNEURON (A. ebeneum). Usually 9 to 15 inches high when fairly established. A fine little Fern, with narrow, ever- green fronds, which are very handsome. Found on rocky soil. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

31

Aspidium marginale

32 Harpy Ferns

Osmunda cinnamomea (Cinnamon Fern)

ASPLENIUM, continued TRICHOMANES. Mamennair SPLEENWORT. This does well in shaded rockwork and will grow on shaded cliffs if moist. 20 cts. each, S2 per doz.

Camptosorus RHIZOPHYLLUS. Watcxinc-Lear. Is found

on the margins of shaded cliffs or rocks, where the leaf-mold has formed a good black soil, and is always shaded. Where such locations can be imitated, it is a good plant and will prove a very effective addition indeed where plants are needed for a shady place. 25 cts. each.

Cystopteris BULBIFERA. Btapper Fern. Its fronds are

not rarely 2 feet = long, but quite y= narrow. They

are widest at the bottom and ta- per to a narrow point at the top. Exceptionally useful on damp, rocky banks. A most interesting Fern. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

S\ FRAGILIS. This is avariable Fern,

=

growing Over a

ee v wide area. It is

olystichum smaller and more fronds

fragile than the

FRED’K H. HORSFORD, CHARLOTTE, VERMONT

Fragilis, continued Bulbifera. It makes a nice piant for rock- work. It is found in partial shade or full sun. 15cts each, $1.50 per doz.

Dicksonia PUNCTILOBULA (0D.

pilosiuscula). Hay- SCENTED FERN. Very abundant in the mountain pastures of New England. Del- icate and easy of cul- ture, it is one of the best. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

Onoclea

STRUTHIOPTERIS. OstricH FERN. One of the most stately and one of the best for cultivation. Not rare- ly over 4 feet high, with handsome dark,

green fronds growing in a circle, forming in outline a handsome vase. It is not evergreen, but lasts until frost kills the fronds. It likes to be shaded part of the day and will stand con- siderable moisture. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

SENSIBILIS. Sensitive FERN. A common plant in moist ground; though nice to estab- lish in some places, I do not consider it so good as many others 12 cts. each, $1.20 per doz., $6 per 100.

Osmunda

Flowering Fern

The Osmundas area grand group of large, tall- growing Ferns, which when estab- ; lished in right soils and locations, & make fine plants. a O. regalis and O. cinnamomea grow in more moisture, as a rule, than O. Claytoniana; but with good treat- ment and _ intelli- gent selection of location, the three may be grown to- gether. It will not be the first or sec- ond year that the full benefit comes from the planting of these _ species; after they have be- come established, much handsomer fronds appear.

Polystichum plant

FRED’K H. HORSFORD, CHARLOTTE, VERMONT

OSMUNDA, continued CINNAMOMEA. CINNAMON FERN. each, $2 per doz. CLAYTONIANA. CLAyTON’s FLOWERING FERN. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

REGALIS. Royat FERN; BucKTHORN BRAKE. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

20 cts.

Phegopteris, Cliff Brake

HEXAGONOPTERA (Polypodium hezago- nopterum). HrExAGON BrEEcH FERN. Broader fronds; very delicate and pretty. Grows in any good, moist soil, where it will not get too dry and still have drainage. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

POLYPODIOIDES. 5 to 8 inches high. A very delicate litthke Fern which will grow in rock- work or level culture in partial shade. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

Polystichum

BRAUNII. Suretp Fern. Comes from the shaded brooksides of the higher mountains of New England. A very handsome Fern, though not so common as most of the hardy sorts. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

ACROSTICHOIDES (Aspidium acrosti- choides). DaGGEerR FERN; CHRISTMAS FERN. A widely known species; its fronds are used by the trade in bouquets. One of the easiest to manage, and about the best evergreen hardy Fern we have. It grows on rocky, half-shaded hillsides and in swamps. Is fine for forming an undergrowth among shrubbery. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

Harpy Ferns’ = 33

Polypodium

VULGARE. Potypopy. A fine evergreen Fern for rockwork in shade. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per

doz. W oodsia ILVENSIS. Rusty Woopsta. Grows on dry,

exposed rocks, forming large tufts, and is a pretty Fern. 5 to 6 inches high. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

OBTUSA. Fronds a little wider than W. [lven- ae Easily managed, 15 cts. each, $1.50 per OZ.

Mater al

oe a Sag EN : Fak

Foundation Planting of Ferns

34 TENDER PLANTS

FRED’K H. HORSFORD, CHARLOTTE, VERMONT

TENDER PLANTS

Suited to spring planting.

They are lifted in autumn just after frost, and, after being well dried,

the bulbs are stored in a warm, dry place. The flowers of nearly all are brilliant and showy.

Cannas

Austria. One of the best yellow-flowering Cannas. Flowers of large size, of a very clear canary-yel- low. inside slightly dotted brown; wonderfully fine. A tall-growing variety; green foliage. 25 cts. each.

Charles Henderson. Of uniform, compact habit, growing about 31% feet high: flowers a deep crimson with yellow flame at the throat; green foliage. 15 cts. each.

Eastern Beauty. Light salmon; bronze foliage. 20 cts. each.

Mont Blanc. Almost pure white. 30 cts. each.

King Humbert. King of the Bronze - leaved Cannas. A _ brilliant orange-scarlet variety of large size; leaves broad and massive. Height 5 feet. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

Tritonia (Montbretia)

Crocosmeflora. One of the most floriferous of summer-flowering bulbs. The very pretty orange- scarlet flowers are borne in loose racemes and measure 2 inches across. The foliage is sword- shaped and abundant, greatly enhancing the beauty of the flowers. August and September. 12 cts. each, 60 cts. per doz., $3 per 100.

Galtonia

Candicans (Hyacinthus candicans). SUMMER Hyacintu. I have placed this plant in former years among the hardy sorts, and it is as hardy as many of the Japan lilies, but without protection it kills out in open winters in Vermont. It is as easily wintered in soil in the cellar as a gladiolus. It has large, pure white, pendent, funnel-shaped flowers in long racemes. They are fragrant, and the whole raceme is not out at one time. South Africa. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

Gladioli

This is a very useful class of bulbs for spring planting, from the fact that the flowers are not only among the most showy in their season, but also because, by making a succession of plantings, the season may be prolonged until frost. Some of the later hybrid sorts are exquisitely delicate in their rich tints. They are most effective when massed among plants of similar character. They like a deep, rich soil and sheltered position. Plenty of manure should be worked into the soil, but not allowed, in its fresh state, to come in contact with the bulbs, as it causes decay. August.

Baron Hulot (Blue King). A really fine blue Gladiolus. In color it is a rich, royal violet- blue, very effective when cut and used in conjunction with Schwaben or other yellow variety. 10 cts. each, $1 per doz.

Halley. The predominating color of these flowers is delicate salmon-pink, with a slight roseate tinge, though the lower petals bear a creamy blotch with astripe of bright red through the center, the whole producing a delightful effect. 10 cts. each, 90 cts. per doz.

Niagara. A delightful cream shade, blending to canary-yellow, splashed with carmine. 10 cts. each, $1 per doz.

Prince of Wales. This is in our estimation one of the best novelties of recent introduction. The flowers are large and well placed and the color is a most charming coral-pink. 25 cts. each. $2.50 per doz.

Princeps. Brilliant scarlet- crimson, carrying mostly three white blotches on lower petals. 10 cts. each, $1 per doz.

Schwaben. Clear canary-yellow, shading to soft sulphur. 12 cts. each, $1.25 per doz.

Gladioli Mixtures

White and Light Varieties. Mixed. Superb. 7 cts. each, 80 cts. per doz.

Scarlet and Red. Extra-fine scarlet and red shades. 8 cts. each, 65 cts. per doz.

Yellow and Orange. Best yellow shades. 9 cts. each, 95 cts. per doz.

Striped and Variegated. 7 cts. each, 55 cts. per doz.

Scarlet and Variegated. 7 cts. each, 55 cts. per doz.

Pink and White Mixture. A _ fine selection, especially for cut-flowers. Some of the best pinks and whites used. 9 cts. each, 95 cts. per doz.

Fine Mixed, All Shades. Some of the showy

kinds, with many of the most delicate colors. 10 cts. each, 80 cts. per doz., $4 per 100.

Extra-fine selection.

FRED’K H. HORSFORD, CHARLOTTE, VERMONT Roses 35

SS

=f a N

Dorothy Perkins Roses (see page 36)

ROSES

Roses like a good, rich, deep loam. There is little danger of getting the soil too rich. Shallow, sandy or gravelly soils are not suited to them. When it is necessary to plant in such soils as these, artificial compost should be made by taking out a foot and a half of this natural soil, and filling in with rich, heavy loam. In cold climates, Roses may be grown by banking up a foot or 18 inches just before winter. In spring this should be removed and the plants cut back as far as they are killed. Even the tender greenhouse Roses may be grown outside in this way.

Rosa Wichuraiana. CEMETERY or MEMORIAL Rost. <A Japanese trailing species. Foliage firm and glossy green; a good bloomer. A splendid Rose for growing where it will receive no care. Flowers single, white, and borne in profusion. $1 each.

Mixed Hybrids. These mixed Memorial Roses are very fine. Some are double and some single. 45 cts. each.

Group I—Species ROSA carolina. The well-known wild Rose. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz. R. lucida. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

R. rubiginosa. SwWEETBRIER, or EGLANTINE. Handsome, single flowers. Both flowers and leaves very fragrant. 2 to 3 feet. 30 cts. each.

R. rugosa. Russtan Rost. A very desirable and hardy species, with large, solitary, red, or sometimes white, flowers, coming in long suc- cession. It is not rare to see ripe fruit and flow- ers at the same time. Fruit large, orange-red to red; handsome in autumn. 40 cts. each, $4 per doz.

R.—, var. alba is a single white form. 60 cts. R. setigera. Prarrre Rose. One of the best

Group II—Horticultural

Following named varieties at $1 each, except where otherwise noted

Anna de Diesbach. Large, brilliant crimson, fra- grant flowers; of good habit and vigor.

Baby Rambler, or Dwarf Crimson Rambler. It is claimed to ke perfectly hardy and free from

single Roses; delightful pink; hardy and very charming in a mass; height about 6 feet in rich soil. Much used for naturalizing, produc- ing very effective results. $1 each,

disease. Is constantly in flower from early spring until frost. A first-class bedding plant not over 18 inches high, with good-sized trusses of crimson flowers much like Crimson Rambler. 75 cts. each.

FRED’K H. HORSFORD, CHARLOTTE, VERMONT

Crimson Rambler. This vigorous grower attains a height of 10 to 20 feet in favored situations. The flowers are borne in good-sized clusters, of a bril- liant crimson color; in fact, a single cluster is a bouquet of itself. It has been quite hardy here, seldom killing back, except a little in the most trying winters. 75 cts. each.

Dorothy Perkins. This new climbing Rose has stood Vermont winters and seems quite hardy. I have seldom seen a more desirable climber. The flowers are a beautiful, clear shell-pink, borne in clusters of ten to twenty each, and over an inch wide. They have a delicious fragrance and are very durable. For arches and pergolas there is no finer Rose among the climbers.

Frau Karl Druschki. This charming new Rose is among the best of the double whites. If it has any fault yet seen, it is that it is too free in blooming. I would suggest thinning out the buds a little that larger blooms might be had, ghoueh the flowers are very large and of splendid orm.

General Jacqueminot. Fragrant, large, very showy flowers of bright, velvety crimson. An old favorite that should be in every rose-garden.

Killarney. One of the best Roses with fragrant pink flowers. While it is not the hardiest Rose we have it is as hardy as most of them, and if you bank it up a foot in late fall, you will have plenty of good wood if it should kill back to the ground,

Paul Neyron Roses

Hugh Dickson.

A free, fragrant bloomer, with bright crimson-shaded scarlet flowers.

Madame Plantier. This choice, full-double, pure

white Rose is hardy here, and, though it flowers at one time only, produces its blooms in the

greatest profusion. One of the best Roses that we know of to plant where it has to take care of itself, as in cemetery planting. Blanc de Coubert. Large, double 75 cts. each. Magna Charta. Hardy. Handsome pink flowers in June, on long stems. Exceedingly fragrant.

Margaret Dickson. Soft creamy white. Very large and fine.

Mrs. John Laing. Soft pink; of good form: fra- grant and free flowering. One of the finest June Roses.

Paul Neyron. The flowers are very large, clear, deep rose and very double; the largest Rose in cultivation; borne on long stems; very fragrant.

Persian Yellow. Rather small flowers and foli- age; bright yellow, nearly full flowers; very hardy. A fine Rose for growing in the shrubbery border; the bush is very hardy.

Semi-Double Scotch Rose. This old Rose has long been established in some of our Vermont homes. It is very hardy, and produces plenty of good-sized yellow flowers. $1.25 each.

Ulrich Brunner. Bright cherry-red. Stems long. light green and almost smooth. Free flowering.

white.

FRED’K H. HORSFORD, CHARLOTTE, VERMONT

VINES 37

VINES, TRAILERS AND CLIMBERS

GHTSDR Ex

ARISTOLOCHIA Feropryiia. LIUTCHMAN’S Pier. Fine climber; large, dark green leaves; small, quaint flowers, shaped like a pipe, purple and green. $1 each.

CELASTRUS scandens. BITTERSWEET. A hand- some, twining shrub, with dark green foliage and handsome orange-colored fruit. For cover- ing old walls or stone-heaps. 50 cts. each.

C. orbiculatus. Japan BITTERSWEET. A vig- orous grower bearing a profusion of orange- yellow fruit with crimson seeds. 50 cts. each.

CLEMATIS lanuginosa, var. Jackmanii. Very handsome, large, dark purple flowers. The showiest and handsomest of all the Clematis.

C., Mme. Edouard Andre. Crimson.

Either of the above two in strong two-year-old plants, 75 cts. each

C. orientalis (C. graveolens). A small, hardy climbing species from Chinese Tartary. Flow- ers pale yellow, solitary, of medium size; the only yellow-flowered Clematis. 45 cts. each.

C. paniculata. One of the handsomest in culti- vation; of strong, climbing habit, often 12 feet high, and covered with fragrant white flowers as if with a mantle. A fine species; a native of Japan, and quite hardy. 50 cts. each.

C. virginiana. VirGin’s BowER; OLtp Man’s Bearp. One of the hardiest, though not so free from blight as C. paniculata. Has quaint, hairy seed-pods. 40 cts. each.

C. Vitalba. TRAVELER’s Joy. A hardy, single, white-flowered sort. 45 cts. each.

HUMULUS Lupulus. Common Hop Vine. Very useful for covering bowers, or any place where the covering is not necessary for winter. It can be planted to run among shrubbery. Ex- ceedingly fast grower, covering a large trellis in a short time. Heat, drought or insects do not trouble it. Leaves are large and rough. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

H.—, var. aureus. GOLDEN Hop VINE. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

LONICERA flava. Very handsome with its red fruit. 2 feet. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

L. glauca. 25 cts. each, $2.50 per doz.

L. Periclymenum, var. belgica. ScarLet HoNEYSUCKLE. A very fine, red-flowered form; almost shrubby. It is also quite hardy. 55 cts. each.

L. Sullivantii. Bears scarlet berries in the axils

of veined leaves. 20 cts. each.

LYCIUM chinense. Matrimony Vine. Hardy climber; very handsome when covered with its scarlet fruit in autumn. 45 cts. each.

MENISPERMUM canadense. MoonsEEp. 25 cts. each.

Wistaria chinensis

PSEDERA (Ampelopsis) quinquefolia. Vir- GINIA CREEPER; AMERICAN WOODBINE. Hardy; a quick grower. Fine for covering trellises or stone walls. Its beautiful green foliage turns to a charming dark red in autumn. It likes a rich, peaty soil. 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.

P. (Ampelopsis)—, var. Engelmannii. A form which clings to rocks, and may be used where the Boston Ivy would not be hardy. 35 cts. each.

P. (Ampelopsis) tricuspidata (A. Veitchii). Boston Ivy. Clings closely to wood or stone- work; colors beautifully in autumn. 50 cts. each, $5 per doz.

TECOMA radicans (Bignonia radicans). TRUMPET CREEPER. Orange-scarlet, trumpet-shaped, showy flowers. A tall climber. 25 cts. each.

VINCA minor cerulea. For shady places; fine clumps. 10 cts. each, $1 per doz.

WISTARIA. Kipney BEAN. Form thick, woody stems and climb high. Their spring bloom is produced in rich cascades, and they flower at intervals all summer.

W. chinensis. Flowers large, not odorous, pro- duced in great profusion on established plants. Native of China. Flowers purple. 50 cts. each.

W. chinensis alba. 18 to 24 inches. 50 cts. each.

388 SHRUBS AND TREES FRED’K H. HORSFORD, CHARLOTTE, VERMONT

EVERGREENS

Evergreens are used for specimens on lawns, also extensively for massing, shelter-belts, screens, hedges, etc. They form perfect backgrounds for the flowering shrubs of early spring, the berries of autumn, and winter’s tracery of bright bark and twigs. Other new uses are for filling window-boxes, and growing ever- greens in tubs for hall and porch plants. Trees dug with ball of earth about the roots and tightly pinned in burlap will stand transportation and transplanting with little risk of loss. We pack them so that the root- fibers are well protected and will reach their destination in good growing condition. If planters will continue this care, keeping the fibers from drying out by exposure to air and sun until the stock is planted, success is reasonably sure. Planting season for fall from about August 15 to October 10; for spring, from April 10 to May 15, depending on season and locality. We do not charge for balling in burlap. Boxes over 3 feet in length are charged for at cost.

Picea pungens. CoLorapo Spruce. Not blue. One of the hardiest of the western Spruces. 12 to 20 inches. $1.50 each.

P. —, var. glauca. This blue form of the Colo- rado Spruce is a seedling, and seedling trees are often more symmetrical than grafted trees like the Koster’s. A very handsome and hardy tree. Plants, 12 to 18 inches high, $3 each.

P. —, var. Kosteriana. KostTER’s BLUE SPRUCE. 12 to 18 inches. $3.50 each.

PINUS flexilis. Lmrmeer Prive. Tree grows in time to 50 to 80 feet high. Native from Alberta to California and New Mexico. It is a hardy Pine of slow growth, and is especially adapted for ornamental planting on rocky slopes. Plants, 2 to 3 feet, $2.50 each.

P. Laricio, var. austriaca. AUSTRIAN PINE. A tall tree with broadly ovate head, dark

ee green, rigid foliage and dark gray bark. It ; forms a symmetrical pyramid when mature.

Picea excelsa ee to 3 feet high, $1.50 each; 3 to 5 feet, each.

ABIES concolor. A large tree in its natural habitat growing 150 feet or more in height, with trunk = ==> 4 to 6 feet in diameter; foliage pale blue or | glaucous. Plants, 12 to 18 inches, $2 each; . 2 to 3 feet high, $4 each. '

JUNIPERUS virginiana. Rep CEpaAr, or SAVIN. A handsome pyramidal evergreen 30 to 60 feet high, with shreddy bark and heartwood red and aromatic. Plants, 18 to 24 inches, $1.75 each.

PICEA alba (Abies alba). Wuirre Spruce. A tall and handsome tree which attains a height of 50 to 150 feet, somewhat resembling the Balsam in aspect. Plants 2 to 3 feet, $2 each; 4 to 5 feet. $3.50 each.

P. Alcockiana. A.LcocKk’s Spruce. From Japan. It forms a beautiful tree of close habit. Foliage ee ae “a e pale green, silvery underneath. Valuable. ott EE SESE 2 to 3 feet, $3 each. ; . =

P. excelsa (Abies excelsa). Norway SPRUCE. Largely used in cultivation as a shade tree and now established in several places in Connecticut. Its dark green, glossy foliage makes it a desirable evergreen. Rath erquick in growth, quite hardy, and very ornamental. 3 to 5 feet, $1.50 each, pT OADer doz., $100 per 100; 5 to 7 feet, $2.50 each.

P. Engelmanni. A pyramidal tree of compact growth and having attractive bluish foliage. Very desirable variety. Plants, 18 to 24 inches, : ; : $2 each; 3 to 4 feet, $4 each. Picea Engelmanni

FRED’K H. HORSFORD, CHARLOTTE, VERMONT

Pinus Strobus

Pinus montana, var. Mughus. Mucuo Pine. A dwarf tree of the highest value where a low, dense, spreading growth is desired; very dark foliage; extremely hardy. 15- to 18-inch spread, $2 each, 18 to 24-inch spread, $4 each.

P. resinosa. Rep Pine: Norway Pine. Tree attains a height of 70 to 150 feet, with long, hor- izontal branches. A fine ornamental tree. Plants, 1 to 2 feet, $1.25 each.

P. Strobus. Wuirts, or WEymMoutTH Prinz. This is the handsomest of the Pines, and will thrive in a greater variety of soils and situations than any other species. It is rather rapid in growth. 3 to 5 feet, $1.50 each.

TAXUS cuspidata. A pretty Japanese evergreen which has stood our Vermont winters. Plants, 15 to 20 inches high, $2 each,

SHRUBS AND TREES 39

Tsuga canadensis

TSUGA canadensis. Common Hemtock. Fine for hedges, a beautiful boundary tree or in any position you may place it. Plants, 2 to 3 feet, $1.50 each, $15 per doz; 4 to 6 feet, $3 each.

THUYA occidentalis. AMERICAN ARBORVIT. This well-known evergreen is entirely hardy in all situations and adapted to all soils. Of rapid growth, attaining a height of 25 to 30 feet, growing in an erect, conical form, making a beautiful hedge or specimen plant. 18 to 24 inches, 40 cts. each, $4 per doz.; 3 feet, 75 cts. each, $7.50 per doz., $60 per 100.

= -—, var. Little Gem. A dwarf form. Very attractive and useful in certain locations. 4- year-old plants, $2 each.

T.—, var. Hoveyi. A very desirable, low-growing sort; light green, 11% to 2 feet, $1.75 each.

40 SHRUBS AND TREES

FRED’K H. HORSFORD, CHARLOTTE, VERMONT

SHRUBS AND TREES

In handling shrubs and trees it is very important that the roots do not become dry. When they are unpacked if they are not set out permanently at once, they should be heeled-in in moist soil or placed where they can not dry out. We make a practice of dipping the roots of those we send out in a clay mud which keeps the roots from the air. We believe this is very beneficial in preserving their vitality. Where shrubs and trees are over 3 feet, we charge the cost of box or bale. When we can bale them, the parcel is lighter and express not so much. Bales of over 3 feet cost from 15 to 75 cents according to size. A few shrubs and trees do not carry well unless boxed.

Trees or shrubs sent with roots done in balls of earth in burlap cost more by express, on account of this extra weight, but are surer to live. We can ball any of the shrubs or small trees for 5 to 10 cents extra, according to size, if customers order them sent this way. All shrubs or trees with ball of earth must be boxed. All are good, healthy, nursery-grown stock. We furnish certificates of inspection of stock to those who desire them. I am inclined to believe that shrubs and trees of the deciduous class may be transplanted with success much earlier in autumn than is generally supposed. I do not advise transplanting before the growth has ceased, but as soon as all growth is done, and before the leaves fall, I think transplanting can be done, and I do not consider it necessary to remove all the leaves. In fact, I believe that a part of the foliage left on the shrubs or trees is beneficial, and will aid them in making a root-growth, which would not occur after they are removed. I have had quite as good reports from this class of plants shipped with foliage all on as when sent late, after all leaves had been removed by frost.

Acer Ginnala, continued

ACANTHOPANAX pentaphyllum. Shrub 5 to

10 feet high, branches long and slender with few compressed prickles. Graceful shrub with arching branches and bright shining foliage. Nice for rocky banks and slopes. Plants, 4 to 5 feet, 50 cts. each, $5 per doz.

ACER Ginnala. Small tree, or large shrub, with

handsome foliage, turning scarlet in autumn. Much like the Japanese Maples in general effect. It makes a good, tall shrub to give a touch of color in any border or bed of shrub- bery. No better shrub could be found for shutting out unsightly objects. May be

Acer platanoides

trimmed back, if desired. Plants, 4 to 6 feet high, $1 each; 2 to 3 feet, 60 cts. each, $6 per doz.

A. Negundo. Box Mapte; Box ELpEr. A quick grower and makes a good shade tree of good size, with handsome foliage. Plants, 8 to 10 feet high, $1.40 each.

A. pennsyivanicum. Moosrwoop, STRIPED Mapte. This is a small and slender tree, with light green striped bark. Winter effect very handsome. Plants 3 to 5 feet, 45 cts. each.

A. platanoides. Norway Marte. A very orna-

mental and hardy species; attains a height of

50 feet; rapid in growth; needs good drainage.

One of the finest of the Maples. 6 to 8 feet. $1.30 each; 10 to 12 feet, $1.75 each.

A.—, var. Schwedleri. A form with purplish foliage. Plants, 5 to 7 feet, $2 each.

A. pseudoplatanus. Sycamore Mapte. Tree 70 feet high, of vigorous growth, with spreading head, native to. Europe in the Caucasus Mountains. Plants, 6 to 8 feet, 60 cts. each, $6 per doz.

A. rubrum. Rep Mapte. Usually a small tree, but it sometimes attains a large size. Native to swamps and moist woods. A quick grower, handsome in flower, and adapted to moist ground. Its foliage often turns scarlet in autumn. 7 to 9 feet. $1.45 each.

A. saccharinum. WuiteE or Sitver Mapte. This fine, ornamental tree is found growing along river-banks, and in moist clay is a rapid grower. It will thrive in more places than the Sugar Maple. 6 to 8 feet, 85 cts. each.

A. spicatum. Mountain Mapes. 3 to 4 feet, 75 cts. each.

A.—, var. Wieri laciniatum. WreEr’s Cut- LEAVED Mapte. Ornamental. 6 to 8 feet, $1.75.

A. saccharum. SuGar Mapte. For decorative purposes or shade. 6 to 8 feet, 90 cts. each; 8 to 10 feet high, $1.25 each.

FRED’K H. HORSFORD, CHARLOTTE, VERMONT

SHRUBS AND TREES 41

Cornus florida (Flowering Dogwood) (see page 42)

ZESCULUS Hippocastanum. 6 to 7 feet. $1.25 each. ZE. rubicunda. Rep Horsre-CHESTNuT. 3 to 6 feet high, $1 each.

AILANTHUS glandulosa. 4 to 5 feet, 70 cts. each.

AMELANCHIER canadensis. 3 feet, 50 cts. each.

AMORPHA canescens. LrEap PLant. Low shrub, 1 to 3 feet high, densely white-canescent. Flowers blue, spikes crowded into terminal panicles. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz.

A. fruticosa. Bastarp INnpico. Shrub grows 5 to 20 feet high. Native from Wisconsin south. Spreading habit, fine feathery foliage. Dark violet-purple flowers. 45 cts. each.

AMYGDALUS. FLoweERING ALMOND. Double Rose. A delightful little tree for the lawn. 2 to 3 feet. 75 cts. each. Double White. 75 cts. each.

BERBERIS Thunbergii. This makes a fine plant for low hedges or for the shrub border. The red berries which come so abundantly on ma- ture plants and the handsome scarlet foliage it usually has in the fall make it one of the most attractive shrubs. It is a plant easily estab- lished and, if set in fall or spring at the right time, seldom fails. Plants, 12 to 18 inches high, 20 cts. each, $2 per doz.; 18 to 24 inches high, 25 cts. each, $2.50 per doz.

B. vulgaris. Common BARBERRY. 3 to 4 feet, 45 cts. each.

B.—, var. atropurpurea. Purple-leaved form. 3 to 4 feet high, 55 cts. each, $5.50 per doz.

HorseE-CHESTNUT.

TREE OF HEAVEN.

SHap BusH. 2 to

BETULA alba. European Wuite Bircu. This tree is a very beautiful one on account of its white bark as well as its dark green foliage. Plants, 6 to 8 feet high, 75 cts. each.

B. var. Lenta. CHerRryY, SWEET or BLACK Brrecu. Plants, 7 to 9 feet high. 80 cts. each.

B. var. pendula laciniata. CUuT-LEAVED WEEPING BrrcH. Makes an effective lawn tree. 8 to 10 feet, $1.65 each.

B.—, populifolia. Wuirr, Gray or OLDFIELD Brrcw. Common on poor, sandy, or rocky soil. Plants, 4 to 6 feet, 50 cts. each.

B. papyrifera. Paper, CaANor, or WHITE Brrcw. A native of rocky upland woods, with white bark. When young the bark is usually yellow, but after it attains size and age it turns white. Plants, 3 to 5 feet high, 50 cts. each, $5 per doz.

CALYCANTHUS floridus. SHRUB; CAROLINA ALLSPICE. each.

CARAGANA arborescens. PEA TREE. An inter- esting shrub, with fine, dark green, locust-like foliage and yellow, pea-shaped flowers. 3 to 5 feet, 35 cts. each, $3.50 per doz.

CASTANEA dentata. AMERICAN CHESTNUT. The common Chestnut as sold in our markets. Plants, 4 to 6 feet high, 50 cts. each.

CATALPA speciosa. CATAWBA TREE: CIGAR Tree. A large, tall tree, with thick bark, and large, heart-shaped leaves. It produces good- sized clusters of showy flowers in June. 6 to 7 feet, 75 cts. each.

SWEET-SCENTED 2 feet, 50 cts.

42 SHRUBS AND TREES

FRED’K H. HORSFORD, CHARLOTTE, VERMONT

Forsythia suspensa (see page 43)

CEANOTHUS americanus. New Jersey TEA. Grows about 3 feet high, bearing terminal and axillary panicles of pretty white flowers. While it will grow in considerably moist ground, it is found usually growing naturally in rather dry places. Plants, 24 inches high, 40 cts each, $4 per doz.

CEPHALANTHUS occidentalis. Burron Busn. Native to swamps and along streams. Plants about 2 feet high, 30 cts. each.

CLETHRA alnifolia. Sweet Perprer Busu; Waitt Avper. A shrub 3 to 10 feet high, grow- ing near the coast from Maine to Virginia and southward, bearing an abundance of handsome, fragrant flowers in summer. 2 to 3. feet, 50 cts. each, $5 per doz.

CORNUS. Docwoon: Cornet.

C. alba, var. sibirica. The bright coral-red branches make this a very pretty shrub in winter when the foliage is gone. Plants, about 2 to 3 feet, 35 cts. each, $3.50 per doz.

C.—, var. sibirica, variegata. Grows 8 to 10 feet high with purplish red branches and beau- tiful silver variegated foliage. Plants 2 to 3 feet, 60 cts. each, $5 per doz.

C.—circinata. ROUND-LEAVED DoGwoop. This is the largest-leaved Dogwood we have, I think. It grows in dry woods and will thrive in drier places than most shrubs. Plants, 2 to 3 feet high. 50 cts. each.

Cornus Amomum. SILKy CoRNEL. Shrub 3 to 10 feet high, with purple branches and round dark green leaves. Fruit blue or bluish white. Plants 3 to 4 feet, 35 cts. each.

C. florida. FLowrrtne DoGwoop. This is the showiest of the genus; a shrub or smal! tree with spreading branches; 10 to 15 feet high; flowers white. A native from Massachusetts to Florida. Plants 214 feet high, 60 cts. each.

C. sanguinea. Shrub sometimes 12 feet high with purple or dark red branches. Native of Europe. Plants, 30 to 40 inches high, 35 cts. each.

C. stolonifera. Rep Oster. With red bark. 3 feet, branching, 40 cts. each, $4 per doz.

C.—, var.aurea. Yellow bark. 55 cts. each.

C. paniculata. Shrub 6 to 15 feet, with gray branches and white flowers. The white fruit and red peduncles are very pretty in the fall and the foliage often turns a pretty color in autumn. It looks best when planted in a mass. Plants, 3 to 5 feet, 35 cts. each, $3 per doz.

COTONEASTER horizontalis. About 18 inches high, with small, dark, shiny green leaves. Fine for edging shrubbery. 40 cts. each, $4 per doz.

CRATAGUS Oxyacantha. ENGiiso HawtnHorn. A charming bush when in flower or when full of its dark red fruit. Plants, 3 to 5 feet, 45 cts. each, $4 per doz.

C. Crus-galli. Cockspur TuHorn. Shrub or tree with wide-spreading branches having numerous slender spines and shiny dark green foliage. It is a decorative species, handsome in bloom and with showy red fruit in autumn. Plants 5 to 7 feet, 55 cts. each, $5 per doz.

CYDONIA japonica. Japanese Quince. This shrub when in flower makes a good hedge plant or is nice among other shrubbery. Flowers red. Plants, 2 feet high, 40 cts. each.

DEUTZIA gracilis. Shrub which attains a height of 3 feet and bears an abundance of pure white flowers in June. Plants, 2 feet, 35 cts. each, $3.50 per doz.

D. Lemoinei. 116 to 2 feet, with white flowers. This is as hardy here as any of the Deutzias and a handsome shapely shrub. 45 cts. each.

DIERVILLA amabilis. Pale pink flowers. Plants, 18—24 inches high, 45 cts. each, $4.50 per doz.

D. candida. Flowers white, of good size, and very handsome. 4 feet, 55 cts. each.

D., Eva Rathke. Crimson. 2 to 3 feet, 65 cts. ea.

D. florida (Weigela rosea). A handsome Chinese shrub, with pink-and-white variegated flowers in June. 55 cts. each.

D. trifida. A low shrub with yellow flowers and oblong-ovate leaves. Native from Newfound- land to South Carolina. 20c. ea., $2 per doz.

FAGUS sylvatica, var. purpurea. PuRPLE- LEAVED Beecu. Three to 4 feet (trees this size are much more likely to live than larger ones), $2.

FRED’K H. HORSFORD, CHARLOTTE, VERMONT

FORSYTHIA suspensa. GoLDEN BELL. Shrubs 5 to 8 feet high; branches often drooping and not rarely rooting when they are on the ground; flowers golden yellow, appearing before the leaves. Plants, 3 to 5 feet, 50 cts. each.

F.—, var. Fortunei. This makes a more vigor- ous growth and has more upright or arching branches than the preceding variety. Plants, 2 to 4 feet, 45 cts. each, $4.50 per doz.

GENISTA tinctoria. DyrEr’s Broom; GREEN Weep. Flowers yellow, in spicate racemes. Plants 2 feet high with round, erect branches, and smooth, lance-shaped leaves. Europe and northwest Asia. 25 cts. each, $2.50 per doz.

GINKGO biloba. Marprennarr Fern Tree. A tall-growing, hardy tree, with horizontal branches. Has curious maidenhair-like leaves. Plants, 5 to 6 feet. $1.25 each.

HALESIA carolinianum. Sttver Bett TREE; Snowprop TREE. Handsome, with snowy white flowers. Plants, 2 to 3 feet high, 75 cts. each.

HAMAMELIS virginiana. Wircn Hazev. A fine, tall shrub, which blooms just before win- ter. Flowers yellowish. Good plants, 2 to 3 feet high, 60 cts. each.

HYDRANGEA arborescens, var. sterilis. H1~1us- oF-Snow. This is a very pretty shrub when in bloom, and the flowers remain fresh a long time. It grows rather slowly, but blooms freely when only 2 feet high. It makes a showy hedge. Plants 18 to 24 inches high, 80 cts. each, $8 per doz.

H. paniculata, var. grandiflora. It is a fine decorative plant, either grown as a shrub or trained into tree form, when it sometimes reaches a height of 8 to 10 feet. 2 to 3 feet, 45 cts. each, $4.50 per doz.

ILEX verticillata. WINTERBERRY; BLack ALDER. A pretty shrub, 4 to 5 feet high, bearing bril- liant red fruits, which last after the leaves are off, and often nearly all winter. Plants, 18 to 24 inches, 35 cts. each, $3.50 per doz.

KALMIA latifolia. Mountain LAauREL; CALico Busu. One of the most desirable evergreen shrubs, growing 4 to 8 feet high, bearing in May and June a profusion of large, showy, deep rose or nearly white flowers. Plants, 12 to 18 inches in clumps, 85 cts. each; 1 foot, 50 cts.

LARIX decidua. EurorprEan Larcu. This is a more shapely and more handsome tree than the American. It is a fast-growing tree and one that should be used more. Plants, 8 to 10 feet, 75 cts. each.

L. laricina. AMERICAN or Tamarack; Hacxmatrack. Native of cold swamps or moist uplands. A _ slender tree, 25 to 100 feet high, with hard and resinous wood. Plants, 8 to 10 feet, 65 cts. each.

LIGUSTRUM Ibota. Hardy in Vermont; nice for hedges. Plants, 3 ft. high, 20c. each, $2 per doz.

LONICERA Morrowii. Shrub with wide-spread- ing branches and flowers pure white at first, blooming in May and June. Very decorative, with its bright red fruit from August until late in fall. 2 to 3 feet, 30 cts. each, $3 per doz.

Buack Larcu;

SHRUBS AND TREES 43

Lonicera oblongifolia. Swamp FLy HoNEYSUCKLE. Two to 3 feet, with cream-colored flowers, light green oblong leaves and reddish purple berries. A Splendid variety in any planting. 35 cts. each.

L. dioica (glauca). A hardy kind, native to rocky ground from Maine to Manitoba. Smooth, with glabrous and glaucous leaves; greenish yellow or purplish flowers. A very de- sirable sort. 25 cts. each.

L. tatarica. Tarrartan Honeysuckte. A vigorous grower with dark green foliage and crimson flowers in May and June. Plants, 2 to 3 feet, stocky, 55 cts. each.

L. tatarica rubra. Plants, 3 to 5 feet, 75 cts. each

MORUS alba. Wuirrt Mutperry. The fruit when ripe attracts birds. This is the Mulberry which has been grown to feed the silkworm, and the leading fruit-hearing varieties of

North America are from this species. Plants, 6 to 7 feet, 50 cts. each.

Hydrangea arborescens, var, sterilis

44 SHRUBS AND TREES

FRED’K H. HORSFORD, CHARLOTTE, VERMONT

Street-planting of Lombardy Poplars

MYRICA cerifera. BaysBerry: Wax Myrt.e: CANDLEBERRY. An interesting shrub. with fragrant foliage, the crushed leaves emitting a very pleasing odor. Plants, 18 to 24 inches, 35 cts. each, $3.50 per doz.

M. Gale. Sweet GALE. 15 cts. each. NEGUNDGO aceroides. See Acer Negundo.

PHILADELPHUS aureus. GoLDEN SynineGa. The color of this shrub is very attractive during the early summer. Plants, 18 to 24 inches high, 60 cts. each.

P. coronarius. Mock ORANGE; SyRINGA. Grows from 2 to 10 feet high. A handsome species from the south of Europe. Plants, 2 to 3 feet, stocky, 40 cts. each, $4 per doz.

P. Lemoinei. Very fragrant, white flowers in short racemes, literally covering the branches. 2 to 3 feet, 50 cts. each, $5 per doz.

P. pubescens (P. grandiflorus). The flowers of this are a little larger than those of P. corona- rius. 18 to 24 inches, 30 cts. each, $3 per doz.

PHYSOCARPUS aureus. Zato 3 feet, 40 cts. each.

P. opulifolius. Niveparx. A fine, native shrub, 5 to 10 feet high, with umbel-like heads of white flowers in June. Plants, 4 to5 feet high, 30 cts. each.

PLATANUS orientalis. OrrtenTAL PLANE TREF. Grows 50 to 80 feet with usually broad and round head on comparatively short trunk; bark dull grayish or greenish white color. Young plants, 5 to 7 feet, 60 cts. each.

POPULUS nigra, var. italica. LomBarpy or IraLtiAN Poptar. Plants, 5 to 6 feet, 30 cts. each, $3 per doz.; 7 to 9 feet, 50 cts. each, $5 per doz; 10 to 12 feet, 65 cts. each, $6.50 per doz.

PYRUS Aucuparia. EuropEAN Mountatn-AsH 6 to 8 feet. $1.75 each.

GOLDEN SPIREA.

QUERCUS rubra. Rep Oak. A large tree, 80 to 100 feet tall, unusually large in leaf and quick in growth. The young shoots and _ leaf- stems are red, the foliage purplish crimson in au- tumn. A most beautiful object on the lawn. 6 to8 feet, $1.75 each.

RHODODENDRON maxi- mum. Ross Bay; GREAT LaurEL. This handsome shrub grows naturally in Vermont and New Hamp- shire, but never attains the large size here that it does in the South. Flowers pale rose or white, showy: leaves thick, 4 to 8 inches long, deep green. Plants, 2 to 3 feet high. $1.75 each; 1 foot $1 each.

R. catawbiense. Plants 8 to 10 inches high, 80 cts. each.

R. arborescens (Azalea arborescens). Deciduous leaves and pale rose-colored flowers in June. One of the brightest shrubs of early spring. 85 cts. each.

R. nudiflorum. PINxTER Flower. A handsome shrub, 2 to 10 feet high. It forms clumps. The flowers are very handsome and vary in color from nearly white to dark purple. $1 each $10 per doz.

R. punctatum. This has proved quite hardy here and its white or pale pink flowers are very fine. One of the best. Plants, 1 to 2 feet high, $1.50 each.

R. viscosum. Swamp Pink; WuitEe Honey- SUCKLE. 4 to 10 feet high; white flowers in May. Good plants, 18 to 24 inches high, 75 cts. each.

RHUS canadensis (R. aromatica). FRAGRANT Sumac. A straggling shrub, 3 to 5 feet high. Especially adapted to dry, rocky banks. Plants, 2 to 3 feet, 55 cts. each.

R. cotinoides. Smoke Tree. Shrub bearing delicate fringe-like flowers, which, when in full bloom, produce the appearance of a cloud of smoke. 4 to 6 feet, 90 cts. each.

R. typhina. StTacHorn Sumac. The coloring of the foliage in autumn is very fine. Useful to plant in groups about rocky corners, with other shrubbery, or to screen’ unsightly objects. Good collected plants, 15 cts. each. $1.30 per doz.

R.—, var. laciniata. A very attractive form, with finely divided foliage and turning to a handsome orange-red in autumn. 45 cts. each.

ROBINIA hispida. Rose Acacia. A shrub 3 to 8 feet high, with bristly branches and stalks and large deep rose-colored flowers in May and June, 35 cts. each, $3 per doz.

FRED’K H. HORSFORD, CHARLOTTE, VERMONT

SHRUBS AND TREES 45

RUBUS odoratus. PuRPLE-FLOWERING RaAsp- BERRY. Attainsa height of 3 to 5 feet, and bears large, showy, rose-purple flowers in summer. 2-foot collected plants, 15c. each, $1.50 per doz.

SALIX pentandra (S. laurifolia). Bay-Lear; LAUREL-LEAF WILLOW. Grows 8 to 20 feet, with shining, lanceolate, dark green leaves. Makes a nice screen for any unsightly object. Plants, 4 to 5 feet, 75 cts. each, $7.50 per doz.

SAMBUCUS canadensis. Common ELpER. Col-

lected plants only, 15 cts. each, $1.20 per doz.

S.—, var. aurea. GOLDEN ELpeER. Plants, 2 to3 feet, 75 cts. each.

S. racemosa. RED-BERRIED ELDER. On account of the fine clusters of dark red fruit and dark green foliage, this makes a fine showing among other tall shrubs. The fruit stays on well. Plants, 20 to 36 inches, 35c. ea., $3.50 per doz.

SORBARIA sorbifolia (Spirza sorbifolia). Flow- ers white, in panicles. July and August. Grows 3 to 6 feet high, and is a native of Siberia. Plants, 2 to 3 feet, 55 cts. each.

SPIRAEA. MEADOWSWEET.

S. arguta. This is one of the finest of hardy shrubs, ranking with Van Houttei and Thun- bergii for beauty. Plants, 2 to 3 feet high, 55 cts. each, $5.50 per doz.; 4 feet, 60 cts. each.

S. Billiardii. Grows about 6 feet. Flowers bright pink in 5 to 8-inch panicles. July and August. Plants 3 to 4 feet, 30 cts. each.

S. Bumalda. Shrub about 2 feet high with

Plants,

pinkish flowers in July and August. 2 feet, 55 cts. each.

Spirzea Bumalda, var. Anthony Waterer. A free-flowering and compact shrub with bright crimson flowers in July and August. 55 cts.

S. japonica (S. callosa alba). DWARF SPIREA. 2 to 3 feet. Flowers white. July to September. 18 to 36 inches, 65 cts. each.

S. Margaritee. Shrub, 4 to 5 feet. Flowers bright pink in broad corymbs. July and August. 45 cts. each, $4.50 per doz.

S. opulifolia. NINEBARK. See Physocarpus.

S. prunifolia fl.-pl. A rather good plant with its button-shaped double white flowers. The foliage turns in autumn to a lovely tint of orange. Plants, 20 to 30 inches high, 55 cts. each.

S. trilobata. Sometimes 4 feet high with slender spreading branches. Flowers pure white in many-flowered umbels. May and June. 50 cts.

S. Thunbersgii. One of the handsomest. Branching, with many delicate white flowers and handsome foliage. 2 to 3 feet, 65 cts. each.

S. Van Houttei. Bripat WreatnH. A beautiful hardy shrub, with a profusion of white flowers in June. 2 to 3 feet, 45 cts. each, $4.50 per doz.

STAPHYLEA trifolia. AmMERIcAN BLADDERNUT. An upright, rather stout shrub which grows 6 to 15 feet high; flowers in nodding panicles; sepals greenish white, petals white; capsules much inflated and borne in profusion. Strong fruiting plants, 4 to 6-foot clumps, 40 cts. each.

SYMPHORICARPOS orbiculatus. Inp1an Cur- RANT; CoraL Berry. Flowers tinged with rose, in short axillary clusters, followed by red berries. 35 cts. each.

46 SHRUBS AND TREES FRED’K H. HORSFORD, CHARLOTTE, VERMONT

Symphoricarpos racemosus. SNowBERRY. A pretty shrub, with rose flowers, followed in autumn by handsome snow-white fruit. Quite hardy. Plants 2 to 3 feet high, 45 cts. each.

SYRINGA. Linac.

S. vulgaris. Common Puree Linac. Plants, 2 feet, 55 cts. each.

S.—, var. alba. Common Waite Lizac. Plants, 2 to 3 feet, 65 cts. each.

S. japonica. Japan TREE Lizac Grows to 30 feet, and makes a beautiful lawn specimen. Flowers appear in great profusion during June or July, creamy white in slender plumes 15 to 20 inches long. 2 to 3 feet, 75 cts. each, $7.50 per doz.; 3 to 4 feet, 90 cts. each, $9 per doz.

S. Josikzea. Late: bluish purple flowers. Plants, 3 to 4 feet, 55 cts. each.

S. persica. Prerstan Linac. White. Plants 2 to 3 feet, 55 cts. each.

HYBRID LILAC.

S., Belle de Nancy. Double, satiny pink flowers. Plants, 2 to 3 feet, 80 cts. each.

S., Charles X. Violaceous red. Plants, 2 to 3% feet, 75 cts. each.

S., Mme. Casimir Perier. Double, pearly white flowers. 2 to 3 feet, 75 cts. each.

S., Marie Legraye. White flowers. Plants, 2 to 3 feet, 75 cts. each.

S., Maurice de Vilmorin. Double, bluish azure. 4 to 5 feet, $1.75 each.

S., Mme. Lemoine. Double white. 4 to 5 feet, $1.45 each.

ULMUS americana. Wuitrt Eitm. 5 to 7 feet, 90 cts. each.

VIBURNUM acerifolium. Dockmacktie. Attains 5 feet, with upright branches. Flowers yellowish white, in long peduncled cymes, in May and June. Grows pretty well in dry situations under trees. The foliage turns a handsome

dark purple in autumn. Fruit a dark berry and

quite persistent in autumn. Plants, 3 feet or more, in good clumps, 65 cts. each.

Hybrid Lilac

Viburnum dentatum. ARRow-woop. 5 to 15 feet

high; white flowers, dark purpie fruits. The foli- age is very good, being a bright, shining green. Plants, 2 feet high, 40 cts. each. $4 per doz.

V. Lantana. WayFrarInGc TREE. This shrub or low tree sometimes attains a height of 20 feet. Flowers in white, dense cymes. Nice for dry places and limestone soil. Plants, 2 to 3 feet high, 65 cts. each.

V. Lentago. SHEEPBERRY; NANNY-BERRY. Shrub or small tree, sometimes 30 feet high. Flowers white in sessile cymes 2 to 5 inches wide. The fruit is oval and bluish black. Blooms in May and June. Foliage often colors a fine purplish red in autumn. Plants, 4 to 6 feet, 45 cts. each, $4.50 per doz.

V. Opulus. CrRANBERRY-BUSH: HicH BusH CRANBERRY. Shrub often 12 feet high, with rather smooth, light gray branches. Flowers white in peduncled cymes 3 to 4inches wide. The handsome, persistent clusters of red fruit make this a most beautiful shrub in autumn. Fruit begins to color at the end of July. Plants, 4 to 6 feet, 75 cts. each, $7.50 per doz.

V.—, var.nanum. A dwarf form. Plants 8 to 10 inches high, 45 cts. each.

V.—, var. flore-pleno. Common SNowBatt. A very hardy shrub and handsome in flower. 2 to 3 feet, 90 cts. each.

V. tomentosum, var. plicatum. JAPANESE SNOWBALL. Has all flowers sterile, forming large globose balls. Plants, 2 to 3 feet, 60 cts. each.

WEIGELA. See Diervilla.

LAWN GRASS

Central Park Choice. A mixture of the best Grass seeds to form a thick, heavy sward. 30 cts. per Ib., 20 Ibs. $5. About 80 lbs. of Lawn Grass seed are required for an acre.

FRED’K H. HORSFORD, CHARLOTTE,

VERMONT

FRvuITS 47

SMALL FRUITS

RASPBERRIES

Any soil that will grow good corn is suitable for Raspberries. Cutout the old wood as soon as the crop is harvested if best results are desired. This enables the young canes to get more vigor for the next crop.

St. Regis. Red. Hardy. $1.15 per doz.

Cuthbert. $5 per 100.

Columbian. Purple; strong grower and unexcelled for productiveness. 90 cts. per doz., $6 per 100.

Extra-strong plants,

Hardy red variety. 80 cts. per doz.,

Cumberland. Large; black; a healthy, vigorous grower and prolific. The finest of all black Raspberries. $1.10 per doz.

Golden Queen. A hardy kind with yellow fruit. $1.15 per doz.

BLACKBERRIES

These respond to good treatment and, seeming to prefer a sandy soil, will grow and fruit almost everywhere.

Eldorado. Very hardy and very sweet. $1 per doz.

Snyder. A _ popular, hardy and prolific sort. It often gives a good picking where others fail. 75 cts. per doz., $4 per 100.

VEGETABLE PLANTS AND ROOTS

ASPARAGUS, Conover’s Colossal. Palmetto. 2-year roots, $1.25 per 100. Argenteuil. 2-year roots, $1.25 per 100.

RHUBARB, Victoria. 20 cts. each.

2-year roots, $1.20 per 100. A few 3-year roots $3 per 100. A few 3- -year roots, $3 per 100. A few 3-year roots, $3 per 100.

SULPHO-TOBACCO SOAP (Insecticide and Fertilizer)

On flowers and plants in windows, flower- and vegetable-gardens, shrubs, small fruits, trees, etc., it is

used as a spray for all plant lice and insects. 3-o0z. cake (makes 11% gallons prepared solution), 12 cts.;

8-02.

cake (makes 4 gallons solution), 22 cts. Easy to use. Dissolves in water and can be applied with atomizer.

HAZELTINE’S HAND WEEDER

My men like this better than any other weeder we have tried 25 cts. each.

here. It is useful in thinning out. See illustration.

Postage on each, 5 cts. for first two zones and 1 ct. additional for each extra zone

INDEX

PAGE PAGE Abies sis 2.2 rim eee ce 38 AGquileciaeeee a ee 3,4 INCEXAEY, INOS So ooo 0 bs 4s 44 (ATalbisnaacien aie seca 4 Acanthopanax 40 IAT DORVAL een aoe eee PIAGET es Beer eee cre 40 INSET soo SoH ON Mowe 4 eXchilleak ee eee eee IATISLOLOCHIA Meee eee 357/ (AcOnituineae nie eae 2 PAIN CRI See tetas ota aen ees 4 INCOLUS 825 che ee 2 IATTFOW=wWOO0Gss.-— 45 450040 ING tea er eet sien ares 2 IAT UNCUSHE ea ens 4 Adam’s Needle......... 28 INSSIGRUIT See ee eae + AdianGumneee eee a 31 IAsclepiasissae ean cree 4 AGONIS:. Sere 23 Ashe Wiountamh 5445 4- 44 ABSCUlUS eee eee 41 ASpidiumepeneeeer 31, 33 JMENOUNUS 5506000000006 41 ASplenium eee 31 Agugas.2. = Seerener ene 3 INSTCES ram Atanas 4, 26 AIGER.. :. 2 eee er 42, 43 Astilbe.. ee Es er RO Allspice, Carolina.......41 IN Alea aseseae a eae 44 Almond, Flowering...... 4] Baby’s Breath..........10 Althea: oe nee eee 3 Ballina se See eet 21 Alum Root tee? iBanebernynnae. = eee. 2 Al vcsummcs ome eee 3 Bap tisiasenecen eer 5 Amelanchier............ 41 Bar bernynceee een ee aL AMOLP Hane eee 4 Bay berry Rs Se eee dts 44 Ampelopsis .......... nel Beard-Tongue..........23 IAIMSONIA sere ere ee: 3 IBAGYel lage g Reese ons Cee 42 Amypdalush penne 4l Bellifloweres- eee 6, 24 ANGCHUSA ee eee 3 BS CliSReP ee pre rere eet ce 5 Anemones eee 3 Bell Wontar ee 28 Anemonella............ 3 IBEEDERIS te eceeeene oe. 41 | INNINTNS oan ob oo boo Soc 3 Betulaeits. oh eee me 41 Anthericum. =... .55-. 3 Bion ONIase yi oer 37 iAplectrumeenne ene 29 IBinchee nae eaercirt cere seers 4t

PAGE PAGE Bishop’s Cap...........21 Castanea ac.s. sees cael Bittersweet... ed. Catalpa.. Sane ho aA Bladdernut....../.....-45 Catawba Tree. Seal Blackberries............ 47 Geanothtsas. oe oe 42 Blanket Flower.........10 @edarwRedesi joss Bleeding Heart......... 8 Celastrushres eee 37 Bloodroot==-.- >. aoe eZ @entauneaias. sche oe Blue Bells: 223.232 -..6; 21 @ephalanthus.....-.5.-- 42 IBYONCOMIE5obadaacooence ® @erastiumee oe eno Boltontas ese 5 Chamomiles seen Bouncing Bet.......... 26 @hestnut- eee eee aL. Brake ga neces oot hoe 33 Chrysanthemum........ 6 Braueniana cn nec Divi Ciearahree x..0.2 take Loe 41 Bridal Wreath..........45 @imiciiiicas ae iG Bugbane.. Saas ek te @Wlematistas. Tae Butterfly Weeds--:.4... 4 @lethrat:. 55+ see 42 Buttoulsushee eee 42 Columbine==—-=-eeeeon 4. Calico Bush..:.........438 Gonehlower eee eee eee 5 Galthas: eetictico-. tere O Convallaniase eases 7 @alopozenteen=-eees oe: 29 CoralbBellsonsse eee le Calycanthus............41 Coralbertyscss. eee 45 Campanula. . siees aieemaran mG @oreopsiss ee 7 Campion, Rose.........20 Cornel.. Saat pees Be Camptosorus.........--32 Corn, Squirrel. . Sn eS See 8 @andleberry:--....-« ....44: Corus ss. eae ae 42 Candy tutte eee ee 12 Corll coscacaseaskoo U @annast see eee 34 Cotoneaster - eee 42 Canterbury Bells........ 6 Cowslipeeseee ee 5 All BIS Garacanae eee 4] Cranberry, High Ree A 46 Cardinal blowers 20 Cranesbill-. =: .10 Cassia@ic.e. oc. cares Bc iene ea (Crateousee eee eee 42

48 INDEX FRED’K H. HORSFORD, CHARLOTTE, VERMONT PAGE PAGE PAGE | PAGE GrmsontBellseasae ee see 12 DISCUSS Eee a sae ae 12 OSIERS fete Benet ee 42 Snowballye eee ent G Crimsonybyers seo eee ee 12 Holly hocksee =a ee 3 Osmundasss. 4 eee 32, 33 Snowberryccenee eae 46 Currant, Indian......... 45 Honey rsuckle...3, 37, 43, 44 Peontaene sccee ce. 215 22 Snowdrop Tree......... 43 Cydonia eae © oe te 42 HopaVines= oe eee 37 PANS Yoana ee eee 28 SOapWwOGla ee ee 26 Cypripediuniy ee eee 29 Horse-Chestnut......... 41 Palsywort. SES na SOD SOLDALIAS et eee 45 Cy stopteue.- Bee ac seen Humulus.. Saco! Fapaver.. _2+22,.23 Spiderworts aes so. 27 Daisy . eee So OO Hyacinth, ‘Summer...... 34 Pea, Everlasting. oe Ne 20 Spirea’.5, 27, 28, 44, 45, 46 David's ‘Harp. Mire SRD By acinthus* 6a) ea). 34 iReawPerennial ees eee 20 Spiranthes See ee eee 29 Delphiniumey sass ee 7 Hy uae 43 (Peatiinreein er ee eae Spleenwort.......... 31, 32 Deutziate eee eae Tberis. . Tie, Sanne iRentstemones-- ese eee 23 Spruce? 38a eee 38 Dian thustaee eee eee 8 xcs ok 3 ya ere ete ee 43 Peony. Zl, Be Spurge, Flowering....... 9 Dicentrans eee eee 8 indigo: Bastarde=.-)-..— 41 Pepper Bush, Sweet..... 42 Stachysasch sae eae 26 Dicksoniaaane Cee 32 Frise see eee LL 4 Pepper, Wall.. = 22226 Staphyleae an eee 45 Diciamnuss = eee 8 Ivy, Boston. ee ech ee ee: Sa Pheasant’s Eye.. ee 28 Statice Foes ee eee 26 Diervaillacceey ee 42 Jack-in- the-Pulpit....... 4 Inheczop terse eee 33 Stokesia As: ee 26 Digitaliss see .8, 9 Jacob’s Ladder......... 25 iPhiladelphus: ess ee 44 Stonécrop eee eee 26 Dockmackie............46 Jerusalem Cross........ 20 PO xe teh oe eee 23, 24 UMAGA ete ee See 44 DOs wooden eee 42 UR IpeLuS=—— eee eee 38 Physoecarpus-.....-.---: 44 Suntlower..o--o- 62 oe LOS ANT Dracocephalum. . 289 Kallman ae ea ees 43 Physostegia.....-2..--- 24 Swallowwort........... 4 Dragonhead . “9, 24 Lady’s Slipper .29 Picea ore eee 38 Sweet-scented Shrub... .41 Dropw ort. .27, 28 Tarlton ate ae eere ae 43 Pine. soe opeey oY Sweet William.......... 8 Dutchman’s Breeches.... 8 sGeuret Rete Sees eee Ce ae 43 Pinks ek eee 4, 8, 20, 24 Symphoricarpos..... 45, 46 Dutchman’s Pipe....... 37 arkspurse se eee 7 PINUS» eee 38, 39 MABIINE oe nemGaakanaeor 44 Echinops. See, cathy nuSseeee eee O Pinxter Wlower.--.5---- 44 Ramanac knee 43 Elder .40, 45 Waucele t= os ets eee 43, 44 Plane Tree.. 2 .44 anacetume pee Seer 27 Han Nanny aga Lei eue A 46 Lavender, Sea..........26 Plantain, Rattlesnake. . .29 Tams? ea eee 39 IE pipactissac ee ae eee 29 eadePlants wee 41 Platanus esere see 44 Tea, New Jersey........ 42 TIS CLOn sa ee ee ee 9 iatrise +e et: 20 iPiatycod cneee een eae eee heaSOswezOeeren aes 21 Eupatorium sean a ee SrA 9 i custhume es eee 43 Podophyllum.. An cae Tecomas. eee ee eee 37 Huphorbiase soe eee eee 9 TCR ints See eee are ene 46 Pogonia. . eee ee) ‘Rhalictrum—es eee 27 Eivergreens.......... 38, 39 Lilies.3, 9, 10, 11, 15-19, 27 Polemonium........ 24, 25 wRheLMOpsSisaaee ee eee 27 PAP US een eek ee 42 alam Seis oae- epee one 15-19 Polygonatum........:.-205 Thistle, Globe.......... 9 Ferns.. . 30-32 Lily-of-the-Valley....... Polygonum. HAR eer 2O ‘EWORNE eS a= oe ere 42 Flag.. 2, IU! Linum.. St rors 20 Polypodium. . er Ae eats (thrifts pine were 4 Flax, ‘Australian........ 20 HLIPALIS ees ee PAS) iRolypodyan eee 2 Whuya. 222 5s 39 Rleabane: 2 seers 2) Live Forever........... 26 Rolystichumesc- = 48 eso Tiarellact 35a eee 27 iHoamy Hlowerserees os se oat Liverleaf.. 5 Ui Ropar ee ee 44 ibradescantiane eee 27 Forget-me-not... RY ie obelia:: a8eacns see eas 20 RODD YAEL Eee By, De, BE Rraveler/s: JOY sess n eeu lorsyithiaen, sae eee oe 43 Lonicera ..37, 43 Populuse:225 ace = tee A Tree of Heaven.........41 Hoxcloviestces-s eee 8, 9 LUpINUSs Sf sees eee see 20 Potentilla.. ae ee ee Trillium. eee eee PAT) Piraxane lla eee 8 Lychnis 240), Bail Primrose, Evening BE ae z1 "PritOnia eas a ee 34 IDS, Saeco ecco cess 47 Lycium 5 eco Primulaceeceore eee oe 25 Trolliust ce. ee eee Bunkaato: ee eee 9, 10 IbMATAEIENS os éconcacecoos Pll iPsedera coc ccee nate 37 Trumpet Creeper....... 37 Gaillardia. . He ieee LO Nad WOGtSe en eee 3 Byrethnuimense ne 6 TSUGS 2. ee eee 39 Gale, SES Sipe thy oe nie 44 Maidenhair Fern Tree.. .43 IP YIIS Apreks ies Re 44 PUNIGR <7oc ee eee 27 Galtoniaeee eee eee 34 Mallow. on jee ee 12, 21 Quercus. . Pees ty liana ee eee 27, 28 Gas-Rlantpasseee en ce eS Maltese Cross.......... 20 Quince, Japanese ers ae 42 Wins. aaa ee eee 46 Gay pHeathere noc one a - 20 Mia va ie hei en eee ae 21 Raspberries. =.=. =--/- 45, 47 Unulania: ae eee 28 Génistas- 4 S255 eee 43 IMandrakes se aces oe oe 24 Rhododendron.......... 44 Valeriana2 ree eee 28 Gentiana.. SpE SALO Maples nanan sae ene 40 RU USHSS eed en ee ee 44 Valerian, Greek......... 25 Gentian, Closedis eevee. 10 Marigold, Marsh........ 5 Robinia 44 Vegetable Plants and Geranium eee eee LO Matrimony Vine........ 37 IRaya el ha i Gis Ofte rool ake teh ROOtS 7 See 47 Ginger-root. Bis eee acest 4 MaycAppless-c ses ec mee: Rocket, Dame’s......... 11 \Verbascumess eee eee ees iInkeOt.. Ae ae: 43 Meadowsweet....27, 28, 45 Rose hristmasea ss ee 11 Veronica- eae ees Gladioli.. es ee eo: Menispermum.......... Si ROSES Ae oe 35, 36 Metcht! Crowne eee 7 Globe Flower...........27 IMeLtensia seer ser ae 21 Rosy Strife Dried ek Viburnum............-. 46 Goatis:Beardeeeneee eee 4 Milton eae yy eociee Rubus... 45 Vin@as: sd tac ene 37 Goldensbell ae oe 43 IMiatellar sin es 2) Pe Sees 21 IRudbeckiareaee eee mee 25 Vines, Trailers and Grass) Wawite see pee eo IMiterwOrta-ne ose 21 Rue, Meadow......-.-.- 27 Climbers] eee 37 Green Weeden. 6. 43 iMonardaleeen een ae 12 Sageseeer 25 Wi Ola ioe eee 28 Gypsophilake esses eo IMonkshoodes sesh eee 2 Salliicer ere Bree er ee 45 Violetss 5-2 eee 28 IHabenanase eee 29 iIMontbretiaesso- 4 eee 34 Salvia ewe seis were 25 Virginia Creeper........ 37 Hackmatack........:.. 43 iINMoonseedte ee ee SambuUCUSE aaa ane 44 Virgin’s Bower.......... 37 Halesiat year ee ae 43 IMoosewoodsa.) oa aaee 40 Saneumaniaese eee 25 Wake Robing eee 27 iHamamelisteeeeeerieeeor 43 IM RIS cops ce iene bo ee 2 43 Saponaria AACE ees eee 26 Walkanpaieat arenes Iarebell Ate es oe 6 Mountain Fleece........ 25 Savin. PAROS Wayfaring Tree......... 46 Ba wthornee eee eer eee IMulbexsya-ee se eee 43 Scarlet. Lightning Ran ee 20 Wersélas:. su sco meen 42 Helenium: saa eee 10 IMUM eIN eee Ae eee ete 28 Seal Blowers. so. =... 8 Wallowa fee ee 45 Helianthuss.2 ss. ee Ose Myosotis ALLO Sedum. ---- S20 Wand ilowerseene eee 3 IGGL co pcone scans ollill INGY PICS 5. ee 44 Senna, American een 6 Wanterbernyese oer 43 Heliotropeleseeee eee 28 IMyntlessWiaxern. seer 44 ShadsBusheess eee 41 Wistania Shh see sere 37 FIG NORUS.555o5c6cccee 11 Nanny-berry........... 46 Sheepberry............- 46 Watchslazelaeeeens eee 43 Helonias: i rae eel: INinebark 4 fase aes 44 Shrubs and Trees... .40—-46 Woodbine, American... .37 Hemerocallis........... 11 Oa KOA Lr Gane ene ae 44 DTLEME ek ieee eae eee 26 Wioodsia Saher eee oe 33 Hemlock.. Pete Beato, (Brnotheraes- se eee Silver Bell Tree......... 43 Woundwort, Woolly..... 26 Hepatica.. ee ee ea Onoclea. . Ee RRO Smoke “Ureew 8" 5 use 44 VATrOWsr cokes ee. Sass 2 IRfesperis e420. eee 11 Grange, | Mock. ese 44 Snakeroot....... 4, 7, 9, 20 WAI CCAM Stree twee. Se oe 28 Heuch erat sees eee 12 Orchids. Nah oe AOA Sneezeweed............ 10

J. Horace McFarLtanp Company, HorTICULTURAL PRINTERS, HARRISBURG, Pa.

CLGUGM. 4

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doen dont

Hardy Plants, Lily Bulbs’

Ferns

Trees, Sk ue: a Fred’k H. Horsford

Charlotte, Vermont