Historic, archived document Do not assume content reflects current scientific knowledge, policies, or practices. CT: ALL. LARS ER REN Le A A CE RRR NRG CNR tT AO re Al et tne th Ning es Se tt K H. OTTE, san ED CHARL FR (G1 odd oag) s1zy uvdee Jo prolg VW Explanatory Notes It is to be understood that this list is not completed until my Autumn Supplement is sent out, about September 1. All who have applied for this list will also receive the Supplement at the season of issue. Canadian customers will please remember that the rate of postage to them is double that to any part of the United States, and that shrubs, trees and vines are not admitted from the States at all seasons. — Express rates on nursery stock are much less than on other ordinary matter. Ours is the American or National Express, and we ean send as far as these lines go at very much reduced rates. To send 11 pounds from here to St. Louis costs only 35 cents, with 3 cents for each addi- tional pound; 13 pounds to Chicago costs 35 cents, with 2%4 cents for each additional pound; 35 pounds may be sent to Boston, Worcester, Springfield (Mass.), Coneord (N. H.), or to New York City, for 35 cents, and for each additional pound 1 cent will be added. Of course, when a package must go through the hands of more than one company, the express will be greater. My prices include boxing, packing—except in the ease of Trees and Shrubs (see instructions under that department)—and delivery to my nearest freight, post-office or express office. (1) 2 Fred’k H. Horsford, Charlotte, Vermont Separate offers for free delivery have been added to my prices, for those who wish plants sent by post or prepaid. I shall reserve the right to send either by post or prepaid express at these rates, and want the name of your express office as well as your post-office, whether the order is sent by post or not. These estimates by post may not always be exact, but when an excess of postage is sent I will either make up the deficiency in plants or return the excess. Where prices by mail are not given, it is understood that the plants are too large for mailing. The prices for seeds include postage. I shall always endeavor to give each customer full money value, whether the order is large or small, and in all eases where the customers feel that they have reason to complain, I shall thank them to inform me of it. If the fault lies with me, I shall be glad to make matters right. It must be distinctly understood by the purchaser of these goods that, while I use my utmost care to have all plants of strong and healthy growth, and seeds of germinating quality, and both true to name, I will not in any way be responsible for the failure of any, and if they eannot be accepted on these terms they must be returned within five days. So much depends upon the care such plants have and the season following the planting, that I feel that my responsibility must end when the plants have reached the purchaser in good, healthy condition. Thousands of plants die each year for want of proper setting and care until established. A little extra pains in preparing the soil, shading and water.ng the plants until the roots get established, is worth all it costs. Remittance may be sent at my risk by post-office order on Charlotte, Ve-mont, by draft or registered letter. Half a dozen plants will be furnished at dozen rates. To those who wish to purchase in large quanties, lower prices will be given, if my stock is sufficient. Those who wish to talk with me by telephone can usually find me at home at 12.30 and 6.30 Pp. M. during the shipping season. Messages can be transmitted by private wire to the office at any time. Address FRED’K H.HORSFORD, Charlotte, Vermont INDEX TO DEPARTMENTS This Catalogue is divided into eight departments, as follows: PAGE | PAGE Hardy) Perennials). o..0 esos cae eee 3. JROSES, 2 sc nncn «cues oonis cee ee meee aes 41 Hardy-"Perrestrial: Orchids 2 -5.cs se oes cake ee 36. |. Vines, Trailers and, Climbers. - 22 .2cnen5 a eeen 43 Tender, Plants jaz 325 sass Sone oe evi ode hes 223d || OShrubs°and: frees. oa oeee eee 45 Hardy: Werns' 2-020 ae toon cee eee oe Oa eee 38 | Seeds of Annuals and Biennials.................. 52 The plants are arranged alphabetically under each department COLLECTIONS (Not Prepaid) State what the collection is for when ordering HARDY HERBACEOUS PLANTS FOR ROCKERIES OR FOR THE OPEN BORDER 50 distinct varieties, my selection.............. one of each, $5.00; two of each, $9.00; three of each, $12.00 25 as a sf Ce ee nai Sees a ue 3.00: SY “« 5 00: = = 6 50 12 4 a = Cee Sine enn oe si as 125; ee cf 2:10: S he 2.50 COLLECTION OF HARDY PLANTS FOR THE SHADY CORNER 30 distinct varieties, my selection.............. one of each, $3.00; two of each, $5.00; three of each, $6.50 20 “ 2 a OE Ow tapeta tor Clete etctetatens -- . 2.50; e a 4.00; ‘3 se 5.00 12 = of ples SeSectes Sao f es 1.25; ~ io 2.10; ~ a 3.00 A PLANTING OF HARDY PERENNIALS Perennials from See T is a little more difficult to grow some of the perenniaJs from seed than the annuals. Ina light, sandy loam, almost all can be readily grown in frames shaded so the surface of the soil is kept moist. After the seeds of perennials are once sown, they should be kept moist until they germinate. Occasionally one finds a difficult kind to manage, such as Heuchera sanguinea, which had better be started in the greenhouse. A few others do better with me sown at certain seasons. For example, I have had better success with the Oriental Poppy sown the last of August and transplanted in spring, and with Campanula Medium sown just before winter on the surface of the ground without covering, and transplanted after the plants get to be of pretty good size in the spring. Here, so far North, late transplanted perennials do not amount to much. I like to get the seeds in as early in spring as I can for a good strong stock for the next year. A good shad- ing for the little plants, when grown in frames, is cotton cloth, until the seeds have germinated; then a shade made of lath racks with spaces between the lath half as wide as the lath, which admits of sufficient light and good circulation. Plants do not damp off under these except in very damp, rainy spells, when all shading could be left off. One cause for a good many failures of perennials from seeds is that they are covered toe heavily, so they cannot come up. No small seeds should be covered, and the larger ones do not require such deep planting as is often supposed. When the young seedlings are transplanted, which may be done as soon as they are large enough to be handled, they should be shaded for a time at first until the little plants get a start. Some perennials do not come up the first year, and occasionally there will be a kind which may not come up until the second year. Someof the Clematises and many of the Irises have to lie in the ground over winter before they come up. (3) 4 Fred’k H. Horsford, Charlotte, Vermont PROTECTING PLANTS I like a little protection for nearly all the hardy plants in winter; not a protection so much against frost, for this is natural to them, but a protection against mild winter weather. Plants that are hardy enough for the severest winter weather may be killed by alternate freezing and thawing. Nature, in many instances, provides this protection in the dead foliage falling about the plants; yet we cannot tell just how much of this exposure each species will bear during the winter, nor just how much it will have to bear. Our hardiest meadow grasses are frequently killed out in open winters, as is the case with winter cereals. With Hardy Perennials, it is much the same. Species that are native to coldest climates—that will stand almost any amount of cold, freezing weather—are often injured by alternate freezing and thawing; but a covering of 2 or 3 inches of swale or beaver meadow hay protects them from such sudden changes, and they come out from their covering in spring as fresh and green as those from under a snowbank. A few of the more tender sorts may need 3 inches of forest leaves under the hay, but these are not necessary except for tender sorts. For the exclusion of all frost for species that will not bear freezing, 6 to 10 inches of the leaves under the hay will be required. ACHILLEA. Yarrow, MILFOIL. Achillea Millefolium, var. roseum, continued A. filipendulina (A. Hupatorium). This fine sion. N., 12 ets. each, $1.15 per doz.; P., 1d plant from the shores of the Caspian Sea grows 2 or 3 feet high; flowers bright yellow in flat heads and with lace-like foliage. Nice to plant among shrubbery, evergreens or for the back border. N., 20 cts. each; P., 25 cts. each. Seeds, 5 cts. per pkt. ets. each, $1.25 per doz. A. Ptarmica. SNEEZEWORT. A strong, hardy native of England, 1 to 2 feet high. Flowers white, in loose corymbs. Fine for cutting, and, though not quite so showy as the next, is an easier plant to grow. August. N., 12 cts. each; P., 15 cts. each. A. —, var. ** The Pearl.’’ Full double white flowers, very fine for cutting, which remain fresh a long time. Summer. N., 12 cts. each, $1 per” doze; ¢ P., 15 cts. each, -S1210 5 per doz. A. tomentosa. Low, woody plant, 8 inches high; many bright yellow flowers in June. Wants rather dry soil or rockwork. N., 20 cts. each, $1.75 per doz.; P., 25c. each, $2 per doz. ACONITUM. Mownx’s-HOoD, WOLF’S-BANE. A most charming group of plants, but the roots are very poisonous if eaten, and it is dangerous to plant near vegetables, or where children are liable to get them. Common garden soil suits them, and they also do well in shade of decidu- ous trees. A. autumnale. This species blooms much later; in fact, is often in flower at the time the ground freezes here in November. Flowers blue. N., 15 cts. each; P., 18 ets. each. A. Napellus, var. albus. A very pretty form with almost white flowers. N., 20cts. each, $1.75 per doz.; P., 22 cts. each, $2 per doz. A. —, var. bicolor. This form with blue and white fiowers is very showy, and it seems to be comparatively free from blight with me. 15 cts. each, $1.35 per doz.; P., 17 cts. each, $1.50 per doz. A. uncinatum., AMERICAN WOLF’S-BANE. Wild in low grounds South. It is inclined to climb. Blooms in July, bearing an abundance of pale blue flowers. One of the best. N., 15 ets. each, $1.25 per doz.; P., 18 cts. each, $1.35 per doz. -¢] ACORUS Calamus. Sweer Frac. A bog plant mee or sub-aquatic, but will live in moist garden soil. The long light green leaves are quite pretty, especially as seen growing naturally. Height, 2 to4 feet. N., 10 cts. each, 80 cts. per doz.; P., 11 ets. each, 95 cts. per doz. A. Millefolium, var. roseum. A handsome va- riety of the common Yarrow, with rose-colored or almost crimson flowers in August. A charm- ing plant when in bloom. Propagated by divi- SINGLE HOLLYHOCK (See page 5) NV. preceding the prices indicates NOT PREPAID; P. indicates PREPAID. Hardy Perennials 5 _Acorus gramineus, var. variegatus. Does i well in either moist ordry soil. A fine varie- gated plant. N., 15 ets. each, $1.25 per doz.; a P., 18 cts. each, $1.35 per doz. ACTAEA spicata, var. rubra. RED BANE- BERRY. One or 2 feet high, with short spikes of small white flowers in early spring, and handsome clusters of bright red berries in late summer. Useful for rockery and wild garden. N., 20 cts. each; P., 23 cts. each. ADONIS vernalis. PHEASANT’S-EYE. One of the most attractive early - blooming plants. Flowers bright yellow, 2 or 3 inches wide. It forms tufts 8 to 12 inches high, and has finely divided and attractive foliage. Likes a light, sandy soil, where it should be left undisturbed when once established. N., 15 ets. each, $1.40 per doz.; P., 18 cts. each, $1.65 per doz. Seeds, 6 cts. per pkt. AGROSTEMMA. See Lychnis. ALLIUM cernuum. Noppine WILD ONION. About 18 inches high. Nodding heads of white or pale pink flowers; does well in sun or shade. Rather pretty, but has too strong odor for cutting. N., 6 cts. each, 50 cts. per doz.; P., 7 ets. each, 55 cts. per doz. ALTHAEA rosea (Single Hollyhocks). More permanent and hardy than the double and when planted with a deep green back- ground, such as arborvite hedge, they afford a most striking effect. Fine among shrub- bery and will last for years when once estab- lished. Summer. A. —, Single Mixed Plants. N., 75 cts. per doz.; P., 90 cts. per doz. Single Mixed Seed. 8 cts. per pkt., 20 ets. per 40z. Mixed Double. Same as mixed single. Seeds, 8 ects. per pkt. ALYSSUM. Mapwort. Those below named are perennials, of easy culture in any ordi- nary soil. Useful for rockwork or the border. A. argenteum. A fine species, compact in ANCHUSA Italica. Three to 4 feethigh; flowers growth, a foot or more high. Flowers yellow, blue or purple, in June. It makes an interest- in clustered heads in summer. N., 15 ets. each, ing border plant, or is good to plant among $1.25 per doz.; P., 20 cts. each, $1.35 per doz. shrubs. N., 15 cts. each; P., 20 cts. each. Seeds, 5 cts. per pkt. Seeds, 5 cts. per pkt. A. rostratum (A. Wierzbickii). Flowers in ANEMONE. WIND-FLOWER. Belongs to the nat- closer corymbose heads, deep yellow. June. ural order of Ranunculacew or Crowfoot family, Asia Minor. N., 15 ets. each, $1.25 per doz.; constituting an extensive genus, many of which P., 20c. each, $1.40 per doz. Seeds, 5e. per pkt. are very attractive, hardy perennials for cultiva- A. saxatile, var. compactum. One of the tion. A rich, sandy loam, moist but well drained, best, with handsome masses of bright yellow is what they like; yet, for these, any good gar- flowers in May. . Fine for wall gardens, the corn- den soil seems to suit. The border is the most mon border or in fact any location where early suitable place, or some may be used about rock- spring flowers are desired. It grows about a work to good advantage. They also make good foot high. N., 15 cts. each; P., 18 cts. each. pot-plants, giving brilliant flowers in mid-win- Seeds, 5 cts. per pkt. ter. A. Japonica is not quite hardy here with- AMSONIA Tabernaemontana. A _ perennial out a covering, but I easily grow any of its va- with alternate leaves and pale blue flowers in rieties here by covering with 3 to 6 inches of terminal panicled cymes. It is a permanent straw manure. plant when once established. Comes as readily A. Canadensis (A. Pennsylvanica). Flowers from seed as most perennials. I offer only the seed. 5 cts. per pkt. white or pale rose in June. N., 10 cts. each, $1 per doz.: P., 12 ets. each, $1.15 per doz. NV. preceding the prices indicates NOT PREPAID; P. indicates PREPAID 6 Fred’k H. Horsford, Charlotte, Vermont ANTHEMIS TINCTORIA Anemone Japonica, var. **‘Honorine Jou- bert.’’