gg ee Bee nec A sot Hage \ a % Price 80° Cents (oe ee aa = a eee ee re ee eee a a nee ae Sy a House and ~ — Pet Dogs THEIR SELECTION, CARE AND’ [ RAINING FOREST AND STREAM PUBLISHING COMPANY Peal NEWS YORK ale ng, be Pe | is Ws Sie ed aa MASTIFF. W. K. Taunron’s ‘‘ BEAUFORT.” House AND Pet Doss: rithm ee LION, CARE. AND SEASANG MM —.- . ; > oe WITH PORTRAITS OF PRIZE WINNING SPECI- MENS OF ALL PRINCIPAL BREEDS: a 5 - / Z 6 - ax* aR ‘OF CONGATN. vA Koes COPYRIGHT “S85 { SEP sear Je ee EAI NEW YORK: FoREST AND STREAM PUBLISHING Co. 1890. Copyright, 18go0, by THE Forrest AND STREAM PUBLISHING Co, DES. BOOK. THE purpose of this book is to suppiy hints and instruction concerning the care and management of house and pet dogs. What is here written is all the fruit of practical and extended experience with these classes of dogs. Several of the chapters have been written by a feminine pen, and will be especially valued by ladies. It is hoped that the intelligent study of these. pages will lighten the lot of man’s best friend by securing for him sensible treatment. If he shall follow the instructions here given, the reader who is so fortunate as to possess a fine dog will not fail of finding increased satisfaction and joy in that possession. CONTENTS. PAGE CHOICE OF A HOUSE DOG, E s 9 CARE AND FEEDING, - : : : 21 FEEDING PUPPIES, 2 = : : Soe eee To RID oF FLEAS, 2 = 2 2 28 EXERCISE, - = : = = ain 42g TREATMENT FOR WORMS, 2 = : 30 A PORTABLE KENNEL, - © : 2 - apa EXERCISE FOR A CHAINED Doc, - - E 34 TREATMENT OF SICK PET Docs, - > igs 5) CARE OF DOGs IN SPRING, : = . 42 TREATMENT OF POISONING, - = : An ‘BRA LN ENG PEE DOGS... : - = : 51 TEACHING TO COME, - 2 2 2 Sot OS: TEACHING TO CHARGE, : - = = 72 FOLLOWING AT HEEL, - E 3 = Bane SITTING UP, - - - : : 76 GOING TO BED, ee ce s : eG TEACHING TO FETCH, 2 : = : 80 OTHER ACCOMPLISHMENTS, “ : 2 Sy egoct WHIPPING, - - - : : : 88 A WoMAN’S EXPERIENCE, = 2 : Bs et TEACHING TRICKS, - - - - - gI SoME USEFUL HINTs, - f . ot Nera TEACHING CANINE MANNERS, : : 96 OBEDIENCE, - - - - ="98 Docs AND FLOWER BEDs, : 2 : 99 BAD HasirTs, - = = = ey et (610) FoopD AND FEEDING, E 2 = ee 102 Goop BEHAVIOR AND HAPPINESS, - : a OS “TRAINING COLLIERS). "- : : - 108 PORT RALES-OF PRIZE DOGS. PaGE MAsTIFF—W. K. Taunton’s ‘‘ Beaufort,” - frontispiece. SMOOTH-COATED ST. BERNARD—John Poag’s ‘‘Watch,” 13 RouGH-Coatep ST. BERNARD—Miss A. H. Whitney’s ** Hermit,” - - - - = ately DEERHOUND—J. E. Thayer’s ‘‘ Wanda,” - - 23 GREYHOUNDS—‘‘ Mineral Water” and ‘‘ Greentick,”’ win- ner and runner-up Waterloo Cup, 1884, - Se OT GREAT Dane—Mrs. R. Herbert’s ‘‘ Norseman,”’ = ag PoINTm&R—C. Heath’s ‘* Graphic,” - = oe ely ENGLISH SETTER—E. L. Hardy’s “‘ Pollux,”’ 43 _ IrtsH SETTER—Dr. William Jarvis’s *‘ Rose,” - EO: FIELD SPANIEL—Oldham & Willey’s “‘Glencairn,”” - 53 COcKER SPpANIEL—J. P. Willey’s ‘‘Obo II.,” — - aS a CLUMBER SPANIELS—F. H. F. Mercer’s “‘ Johnny” and eralce = Z 2 : E 63 KING CHARLES SPANIEL—Mrs. Forder’s ‘‘ Bend Or,” - 67 BEAGLE—C. F. Judson’s—Little Duke,” - E 73 DACHSHUNDE—B. Hanbury’s ‘‘ Fritz” and ‘‘Diana,” - 77 Conie——G..R> Krebl’s:“* Kelipse,” _.- : : 8I PoopLE—W. C. Sanford’s “ Stys - - -. 83 BULLDOG—G., Raper’s ‘‘ Rustic King,” - - 85 BuLL-TERRIER—L. & W. Rutherfurd’s ‘‘Grand Duke,’’- 87 Fox-TERRIER—J. E. Thayer’s ‘‘ Richmond Olive,” - 89 SCOTCH TERRIER—H. J. Ludlow’s ‘‘Allister,”’ - SO DANDIE DINMONT TERRIER—W. Reed's ‘‘Grip,” - 97 BLACK AND TAN TERRIER—S. Cameron’s ‘‘ Wallace,” - Ior SKYE TERRIER—P. Sanderson's “‘ Jim,” - 105 YORKSHIRE TERRIER—Mrts. Foster's ‘‘ Bradford Hero,”- 10g PucG—City View Kennels’ ‘‘ Bradford Ruby,” - 113 CHOICE Of A HOUSE DOG. - F THERE were only two so-called ‘“‘yaller dogs”’ in this country they would be worth $500 each, because they would be valued for their rarity and not for their worth. The demand for everything new is greater than the supply, and wlien the supply increases the demand falls off. It is so with dogs; certain kinds are fashionable or unfashionable, as is furniture, dress, or anything that is bought and sold. Mr. Ellwanger, in his delightful book, “The Garden's Story,’ says, ‘To think it has taken all these years to render a daffodil ‘fashionable!’ As if a live flower were a ribbon, subject to the caprice of a milliner! Yet what may we not expect when lovely woman stoops to blond her tresses, and vandal florists figur- atively plunge a flower into the dye pot?” Now, it seems just as absurd that dogs should be “ fashion- 10 Flouse and Pet Dogs. able’’ or’ “unpopular ’’—and that one should hear ‘“‘fox-terriers are the rage now,’ “pugs have gone out.”” “Puggie dear” is now neither worse nor bet- ter than it was ten years ago. Foxie’s day will pass, and he will give place to the Roman dog, the Chi- huahua dog, or something else. It is owing to no true merit of his own that a certain breed of dog is popular; it is the indefinable something, and like the professional beauty, he is in favor everywhere, until. there is a verification of the old adage “Give a doga bad name and you hang him.”’ A great deal of this is brought about by dealers and breeders, who, when they find that any one kind are becoming too numer- ous to bring enough money to suit them, will import and boom some new sort. ‘lo do this they make the most of, or invent, some story or trait to his disad- vantage; which, if true, has been well concealed in the beginning of his career. The most plausible and easily believed is that “he is treacherous,”’ mean- ing that he will bite his master or some person he is supposed to have an affection for. ‘That was put on the Newfoundland when certain parties wished to bring up the St. Bernard. Now it is beginning to be said of the mastiff, who was ‘all the go” a year since. Now we wonder if the dog never thinks his master is treacherous? We knew an intellectual Choice of a House Dog. IT woman, who had a fine sensitive dog; there were times when caresses and all the pet names in the vocabulary were showered upon him; at others when she was busy writing or reading, thinking himself long enough neglected, he would place his head on her knec, or his nose under her hand for a caress; she, vexed with the interruption, would knock him with the book, saying, ‘“‘Go away.’ Now, was not that treachery ? Last spring while in London we read an inquiry in an English sporting paper, why Newfoundland dogs were so little known in America? We have answered it, although we disbelieve in their treach- ery, but they are rather too large to come under the head of house dogs. Mastiffs are often made in- door dogs in the country; they have the advantage of short hair, but are too big—great cumbersome things, becoming very fat, stupid and piggish-look- ing; and having such a mass of animal flesh in a room, especially in summer time, makes an unpleas- ant atmosphere. We recall a delicate little boudoir of a room in a certain country home, with a pretty woman in it—-everything in accord save a huge mastiff stretched out and snoring audibly. Ins Paris: it 1s considered! ;-that thére are three classes of dogs—the Caniche, the chzen (dog), and 12 flouse and Pet Dogs. the allez-vous en (go away). ‘The latter is a cur, or the waif of a good family adopted by some poor person. We have a word to say in favor of the mongrel. He learns to perform tricks more easily than any other sort, save the Caniche or French poodle. Udee, a thoroughbred cur of our-acquaint- ance, can do creditably twelve tricks, and we know others as smart as she is. M. Caniche is a veritable dude among dogs with his shaving, and his curls— ribbons on his neck, perhaps a bracelet on one leg, ridiculous—but he did not make himself look so. An unshaved poodle is a fright, and before he is established on this side, dog barbers will have to be set up as in Paris. So clever is he, learning so much, understanding almost everything that is said to him, he makes a fine house dog in a city home. The Russian poodle is larger, with longer curls, rather more intelligent, black, and much more rare. There is a spaniel from Chesapeake Bay, brown, with tight, though smaller curls, that we wish were known asa pet. His value as a bird dog 1s established; he could be made almost as smart as a poodle, but his home must be where there is water near enough to give him frequent swims so as to retain his health and looks. ‘he cocker spaniel and all the spaniel tribe make satisfactory house pets; their long soft 7 wt UK wr 7 4 a, NJ My WG NY q SSS NOTA SMOOTH-COATED ST. BERNARD. JoHN Poae’s ‘‘ WATCH.” : 14 Flouse and Pet Dogs. ears, pretty paws, and engaging ways all recommend them as such, provided there are means to give the larger sorts (larger than the Blenheims and King Charles) a good swim, for spaniels, like ducks, must go into the water. No dog “makes up” so prettily as a small spaniel; ribbons become him, there is an air of Van Dyke pictures and Queen Henrietta Maria associated with him when seen with his mis- tress in a city drawing-room, or driving beside her on bright-colored cushions. If one looks at the selection of a dog from an esthetic point of view—and why not—he should be chosen to accord with or to make a harmony with his owner, such as a tall and graceful man or woman accompanied by a greyhound. ‘They would have their surroundings to correspond with themselves, Put that greyhound beside a fat and stumpy person, and any one would note the discord, A greyhound has the advantage of short hair; he is below the average of intelligence, not a good watcher, the smaller ones delicate and very chilly. Again, see a young man in a white flannel suit, with brown shoes, etc., with a brindle and white terrier—there is a picture all made. The fox-terrier is fashionable, and for a city house dog very good. In England his value is increased as the number of dark spots Choice of a House Dog. 15 diminish. They are the most mischievous of pup- pies, so if a young one is bought, expensive as they are, in the course of a short time he will destroy to the value of his price. We have had such an ex- perience; whipping, nothing would do, until at last he killed a favorite canary through the bars of the cage, then he was exiled. When grown he became a satisfactory little dog. The bull-terrier puppy of fine breed is more easily trained than most other sorts; he learns obedience and good manners easily (if you are firm), is bright, amusing, he need not be made cross, and if kept where there are no other dogs to pick a quarrel with when grown, will be gentle and affectionate to his human friends, and an excellent watch. All white is considered the color. We have seen entirely brindled ones that we thought handsome. Darwin says that all quite white animals are deaf. We have noted it in almost all white cats and dogs. Of the larger sorts the setter 1s often a house dog. even in cities, but it is cruel to keep one of his size, and who requires so much exercise, imprisoned in streets and made to breathe the close atmosphere of a city house. Doing so subjects him to many dis- eases and much hardship. As a bird dog he is valued because his long hair keeps him from being 16 Ffouse and Pet Dogs. scratched in bushes and thorns. ‘That hair also gets full of burs and hayseed, fuller yet of fleas. There are various sorts and all prices, but in getting one for a pet, one that has not ‘a good nose” is desir- able, because as not needed for shooting with, he is less likely to go after game of himself. All bird dogs are desirable to keep where there are children, because they are not snappish; besides, their mouths and teeth are formed to carry game without mangl- ing, thus do not make as sharp a bite as those pos- sessed of sharp teeth and a pointed snout. We have seen a bird dog suffer a great deal from a child's teasing, still retain his good humor. A pointer 1s our favorite among dogs for a lady’s companion in a country house. They have intelligence, a gentle disposition, not boisterous ways; they will watch over and play with a child; in a word be made an ideal dog; they do not take to strangers, which is a good trait, and make the best of watchers; their ears and their nose being so quick to hear and smell they detect the approach of a person before any one else will. We have seen one start up and bark when the wind blew the scent of some one toward him, who was concealed from sight by bushes in the night, and whose footsteps were inaudible on the grass. Those with the most white are desired by sportsmen, beirg TUASVAYL,, DAG aNv « LINYAH ,, SAINLIHM ‘ET ‘VY SSI 18 flouse and Pet Dogs. easily seen at a distance, and bring a much higher price than dark ones, but dark-colored ones are much handsomer. . The collie 1s a beautiful animal, very graceful, beautifully shaded if brown, very valuable in many ways, and very good for a boy to romp with. It is hard to say it of any so attractive, that he is not de- sirable. It is their nature to drive animals, so they cannot be broken of chasing horses and carriages, which is such a dangerous practice as to keep the owner in constant dread that there will be an acci- dent, or to bring him into trouble with his neighbor; they also are snappish, not for badness but in play, usually biting at the feet or pulling the dress for a frolic, or in their gladness to see you. The collie’s place is at the barn, where he will drive the cows to and from the pasture every day, or stay around watching the men at their work, with one eye on the safety of the stable, but not on the piazza while the pony phaeton and the village cart are bringing young ladies to call on his mistress. The Spitz is of the past—but one can remember how extremely popular he once was; then came the hue and cry (principally raised by certain New York papers), “Down with the Spitz;” ‘“rabies;” ‘“an- other victim; and all that sort of talk. We never Choice of a House Dog. se believed so much bad of him. If he had been shorn of his long hair in summer and kept cool, he would have remained as sane as any other dog: certainly he had a peculiar disposition, and one it was not worth while to encourage with so many idiosyncra- sies. In those days we had a friend who brought a Spitz, or rather a Pomeranian, dog from the other side. The first time we saw him he barked most furiously, keeping it up (enough to frighten most people) until his mistress came into the parlor, greeting us very cordially. Then he sat on the floor opposite to us, gazing steadily at us for some while, after which he jumped on the sofa, put his paw on our shoulder and wanted to lick our cheek. Ever after we were the best of friends. After a while the mistress died. We did not then visit the house for many months, on which occasion the dog greeted us with enthusiasm, seating himself quietly by our side. We remained to dinner; upon that he left his place by his master to sit by us. During his mis- tress’ life he had barely tolerated his master, but after her death he was devoted to him until he mar- ried again, when the Spitz became so cross to the new wife he had to be sent away. We relate this to show the peculiar disposition of the Spitz—jealous, attaching himself to one person and disliking others. 20 House and Pet Dogs. Every one who knows RKome recalls the pretty little Roman dog. The Chihuahua dog from Mex- ico is equally bright and nice. ‘There are very few of them in New York. Would there were more; for, besides being very desirable as a small one, their being natives of a warm climate makes both them and the Roman well suited to keep in health during the summer heat of America. CARE AND FPERDING. T IS very hard to have to “pay premiums to ex- perience,” but in the lives of all of us such is often the case, especially in the bringing up or treat- ment of animals. Who has not lost a horse, cow or dog through want of knowledge, perhaps sending for the veterin- ary when the animal was beyond his skill? The books on dogs’ diseases are so full of disorders that to look them over a novice would fear to accept the responsibility of keeping a dog, deeming him liable to get every ailment human flesh is subject to besides those of his own, and being dumb, harder to treat. The novice need not hesitate, however, the great thing is to keep him well, and to do so, diet, cleanli- ness and exercise are all that are needful. There is an absurd notion in this country that a plain diet must be a sign of poverty. On once con- 22 flouse and Pet Dogs. gratulating a gardener’s wife upon the rosy, healthy condition of her children, she said, “Yes, sir, they are always well; I keep them upon porridge and po- tatoes; not that I cannot afford pies and cookies as well as Mrs. O'Leary, who gives hers freedom of the same, and of the melon patch, and they do forever be ailing.” We know a Mrs. Million, one of whose aims in life is to let her world know how extravagant she is, Calling on her one afternoon, we spoke of a little dog we had seen out with her. ‘ Yes,” she said, “I got him from Mr. , the celebrated dealer in England, giving a lot of money for him. The vet. says he is a most rare dog (he is there now, as he is dreadfully ill). It seems the servants have been giving him woodcock—just fancy, we found a whole one in his basket, no doubt they were a little too gamy.’ We knew she said this to demonstrate that woodcock were as plenty in her house as beefsteaks were in ours. Be it as it may, the dog died; and it seemed a pity that a valuable and rare dog should be sacrificed to the ostentation of a silly woman. Now, we hope that none of our readers are equally foolish about their dogs, realizing that an unhealthy one is like everything else with a flaw—not worth much. DEERHOUND. a J. E. THaver’s ‘ WANDA.’ 24 Flouse and Pet Dogs. FEEDING PUPPIES. To commence with the feeding of a puppy, he should be given dry bread, and buttermilk if you have it; if not, boiled milk, or rather scalded milk. If the scalded milk is found to be constipating, add some oatmeal porridge to thicken it. When he is cutting his teeth, crumbs of toast, hard cracker, or crusts of stale bread are needed. No one cares to eat the outside slice of a loaf, so that may be made stale, hard, and broken up for the little dog. Dry cornbread is very nice. If there are several to feed, get old rolls or loaves from the baker. You will find how extremely fond all old dogs are of hard crusts. A young one, if given too many at once, will carry them off to bury them, and bring them out on another day. The English breeders say that the American-bred dogs are so much fed on “slops,’’ meaning mush and soft food, that their jaws and teeth are not as firm and strong as they should be. “Give my dog a bone.” There are bones and bones—never give a poultry bone—it splinters up and may stick in the throat, causing strangulation. A big leg-of-mutton bone, or a beefsteak bone, will occupy a juvenile for hours sucking out the marrow. Some smaller beef and chop bones do not digest Care and Feeding. 25 well, as they are crushed up, swallowed, and after a time will be thrown up; and there may ensue a chronic weakness of the stomach, so that good food will not stay down. Cutting teeth on bones some- times makes the edges chip off. Dog cake is much used as hard food. A good clean dog will be morti- fied at destroying the tidiness of the house by throw- ing up his food; such a dog should not be punished for it. You must not give the odds and ends left after dinner to the canine favorite as if he were a pig, for a mixture or a variety of food at one time does not do; besides, there would be some things, such as tomatoes in a stew or cheese in maccaroni, that de- cidedly disagree with him. One of the premiums we paid to experience was a beautiful collie puppy, who was kept at the stable, and his diet not watched as it should have been. We noticed under the trees a number of pears with bites taken out. We won- dered, and asked what person did it. The gardener, (who was an Englishman) said, ‘“‘ Hits Dundee, mem, as heats the pears, I seed ‘im hat hit.”” We thought nothing of it; but the pears continued to drop and be bitten until the dog was very ill. We could not pour the medicine (which he would not take) down his throat for fear of being bitten, so the “bonnie Dundee”’ died. 26 FTouse and Pet Dogs. The régime for the day should be breakfast of porridge made of oatmeal, cornmeal or hominy, with or without milk, a small saucer full for a puppy; crusts and a few bits of meat, if he 1s over six months, for dinner. A) grown-up house dog should have very little meat, and only once a dav; the din- ner should be not later than 3 o0’clock, as an early meal 1s a great assistance to the habit of being “house broke.” ‘This should be varied by vegeta- bles every few days for grown-up dogs. A book we have says cabbage; but never give cabbage. Pota- toes are too fattening; carrots and beets nicely pre- pared should be fed in summer, being good for the blood; dogs usually like them, and are also fond of pumpkin, which has no special merit. A — small quantity of vegetables may be mixed with the meat, and if the dog leaves it at first, teach him to like it by feeding with the fingers. At the same time neat- ness in eating may be taught so as not to soil the carpet by dragging pieces off the plate. We hada large dog who learned to eat off a fork, and drink out of a spoon without spilling. A piece of sulphur kept in the pail of water is of no use whatever, save to give it a nasty taste; an animal appreciates a drink of cool, fresh water as much as a person does. Sulphur should be given ¥ggi dQ) OOTHALVA\ dO-4ENNAY GNV YANNIAY « MOLINGAYD,, ANV « VALVA\ IVYANIPYL 3? SANNOHATYD 28 FTouse and Pet Dogs. about once a fortnight in summer; for a grown one a level teaspoonful of flower of sulphur smoothly mixed in milk before breakfast. A friend who had recently “set wp’ a terrier came to us in a jomeas fright, saying that he had eaten the tips off a lot of parlor matches; on inquiry we found he had been stuffed with meat and nothing else. Was it not a remarkable case of instinct that led him to discover the sulphur matches and make a medicine of them? Sweet things, and above all sugar, loosens a dog’s teeth, and injures the gums, which may be proved by the number of ladies’ pets one sees with only a few crooked teeth in their mouths. TO -RLD- OF FLEAS. We did not intend to discuss fleas, as we fancied every one knew how to dispose of them. Picking and combing will not get rid of them, unless the dog is also powdered and washed. Get the Dalmatian powder, fresh, and put it on the back along the spine, working from tail to head, using the arrange- ment provided for blowing it on. He should be washed once a week in summer with carbolic soap suds, rinsed and dried very dry with a large burlap towel, then tie him so that he will not roll on the grass while damp. It improves a white dog’s color Care and Feeding. 20 to put a little bluing in the water. Never put him in a tub, it should always be a sponge bath, and is best given in the stable or laundry. For any symp- tom of skin disease tar soap or sulphur soap should be used, Pears’ soap when he becomes dirty or dusty between the regular wash days. A dog likes to be clean, and when washed will jump around as he feels so nicely, and seemingly to show his improved con- dition to the family. EXERCISE. Eczema (skin disease) is not difficult to manage if you live in the country; but in a city it may become a tax to go out walking to exercise a dog after the novelty has worn off, but it must be done, and he must run as well as-walk. Want of exercise and fresh air means a poor digestion, bad breath and skin disease. The mange may not make its appear- ance, but the hair will look dry like an old door mat, and if long will come out in spots as if moth-eaten. In a city house throw his ball down-stairs again and again, and make him fetch it each time; invent some game to keep him in rapid motion and set his sluggish blood going. If there are two it is a nice chance to teach them to respect each other’s rights, by throwing the ball or stick, saying ‘‘Tottie,” “now 30 Flouse and Pet Dogs. Leo,” and do not let Leo pick it up when you say Tottie, and ace versa. It is also well to pursue the same plan of calling their names when feeding, as it prevents grabbing each other’s food and snarling over it. TREATMENT FOR WORMS. One of the ailments common to dogs is worms—a disagreeable subject, but one that cannot be avoided, and the owner must keep it in mind and be on the lookout. One of the signs is a voracious appetite and keeping thin. Give the puppy daily all the thick sour milk he will eat. Do not stuff him with mush and then offer him the sour milk, but mix the two, or better still, give the thick milk alone before his regular breakfast. Worms will appear long enough for the longest Latin name that scientific minds can invent, but there is no occasion to worry, and above all things do not give any drugs. There will be days when the puppy will eat little, or perhaps decline to eat at all. Man is said to be the only animal which does not know enough to re- frain from eating when sick, even the hog being his superior in that respect. At such times, do not tempt the puppy with meat. Let him alone; he will come back to his mush when he ought to eat anything. Care and Feeding. 31 There is much to be dreaded from distemper— which is the illness of puppies. For this and other reasons, it is best not to get a puppy under six months old. They rarely have it in the winter, thus the autumn is the safest season to get a young dog, because by spring he will be a year old and go through the second summer’s heat nicely. The dis- temper prevails the worst in kennels where many dogs are kept and boarded. If one comes to his home perfectly well, by observing the laws of health he will either remain perfectly well or have it lightly. Damp grass is a source of some troubles, neither . an old nor a young dog should be permitted to lie around on grass after heavy rains. Even if he isa house dog it is a good plan for a yearling to have a kennel near the front door full of clean straw, and to be fastened to it for a while each day, to have fresh air instead of roaming around alone. Some bird dogs, especially pointers, have sensitive lungs, and in severe or snowy weather want comfort and care and not too much romping in snowdrifts. We had one which had consumption and a cough, so he was sent to the South for a genial winter climate, where he lived until quite old. That pointer was greatly valued by his master as a field dog, and he was loved as the children's playmate, 22 Flouse and Pet Dogs. A PORTABLE KENNEL. At first sight it does not seem as if the kenneling of a single dog should be worth mentioning, and we suppose it is not to those worthies who stable their dogs with their horses, or cramp them in an old sugar hogshead; but if we can provide a kennel which combines cleanliness, comfort and easy loco- motive qualities at the same time and with little ex- pense, why not adopt it? The best device is an ordinary single kennel forty-eight inches by thirty- three inches, with an A roof, but with a detached bottom of the same size as the outside ground meas- urement of the kennel. This bottom is hinged by two stout strap iron hinges to the side of the kennel, and is provided with two wooden axles, to which are fitted four wooden wheels, say four inches in diam- eter. When closed it looks like any other kennel on wheels. It can be easily moved by one person from damp spots, etc.; and by turning the kennel back upon its hinges the bedding can be daily sunned and aired and the kennel washed and purified without trouble. ‘The wheels also serve to keep the bottom clear of the ground, and allow of a free circulation of air beneath. Tarred paper, such as is used in buildings, one or.two thicknesses on the floor, under the bedding, GREAT DANE. Mrs. R. HERBERT'S ‘¢ NORSEMAN.” 34 flouse and Pet Dogs. makes protection against dampness and against ver- min as well. The lower or box part might be an iron casting. EXERCISE: FOR A CHAINED DOG. The following plan for chaining up dogs works well, and by it the animal tied has more liberty than if confined in the usual manner. Make a sort of turnstile, only with two arms instead of four, and tie the dog to one of the arms. Set a stout post into the ground, standing out about four feet. Round off the top of the post dome-shaped, and bore down into the center a hole to receive, without splitting, a half-inch bolt. On top of the post place crosswise, so that it will about balance, a pole or piece of scant- ling about fourteen feet in leneth, . The pole vor crosspiece to be held in place by a half-inch bolt passing through a hole in the middle, and driven into the hole bored to receive st.a1n:the top ofthe post. The hole in the crossprece needs to be adie larger in diameter than the bolt, so that the cross- piece can easily revolve. The bolt should fit tightly the hole in top of the post, and should have a large, flat head to prevent the crosspiece working up and slipping off. Put iron washers on the bolt between the top of post and crosspiece, and between the Care and Feeding. 35 crosspiece and head of bolt. Have the bolt long enough to go well down into the post, or it will in time work loose, and the crosspiece jump off. Bore a hole in one end of crosspiece to pass the end of the dog’s chain through, and put a portable kennel anywhere inside the circle passed over by the arms. A dog tied in this way can have a good gallop ina circle. Another plan is to stretch a wire from post to post, or along a fence, or the side of a house or barn, and attach the chain by a ring which will slide along the wire so that the dog can run back and forth. PRE AEMENT OF SiICKk> PET: ‘DOGS. “Tn the canine world the lines of a pet dog usually fall in pleasant places. He is indulged (not always wisely) beyond his fellows and, being in the majority of instances under the protection of a lady, he may be looked upon as an exceptionally lucky dog. No expense is spared, no time or trouble grudged to make his short life pleasant, and in the hour of sick- ness care and attention as that bestowed on a human member of the family (possibly more) is freely and affectionately exercised. Unfortunately, however, cases occur in which the removal of the patient to 36 fTouse and Pet Dogs. another sphere becomes necessary, and it is under such circumstances the remarks I have to make are based. Firstly, then, the treatment of a pet dog thus removed should be a direct observance, so far as possible, to his usual comforts. A kennel to a draw- ing room dog is as a cell toa human being under similar conditions, and the approach of an ordinary kennel attendant as that of a jailer. All indoor pet dogs should be received indoors and not be stacked away in the kennel above kennel or menagerie style, in close proximity to dogs of all degree, and tortured or excited by their continual snarls, yelpings, or whines. Secondly, to treat a pet dog real affection for the species is necessary; assumed affection will not answer. No animal so readily detects and ap- preciates kindness in man as the dog, or as quickly discovers his assumed affection. A piece of sugar to a spoiled child is not the bait to quiet and assure a timid and sensitive dog. The clean sawdust or cushion on the day of visiting will not atone for the lack of improvement in health, or diminish the wild delight of the patient on seeing his mistress. Thirdly, a tenderly-handled dog requires tender handling, and doubly so when invalided; a caressed dog in- vites caressing, and, under pain, soothing words and gentle treatment are more appreciated than perhaps POINTER. Hratu’s ‘*GRAPHIC.” 4 +e C 38 Flouse and Pet Dogs, any measures the attendant can adopt. Finally, to go thoroughly into the treatment of pet dogs, the at- tendant must go thoroughly into the usual home life of the animal, its disposition and peculiarities, and enter into the feelings of its owner. Everything must be ascertained that ts likely to add to its com- fort or discomfort, its pain or alleviation, and no one but a genuine dog lover can do this. The same argument will apply to the nurse; indeed, I may reiterate what I have observed on the subject of ‘nursing’ in my work on ‘The Management of Dogs’: ‘That as in human, so in canine practice, good nursing is one of the greatest helps the med- ical attendant can have; indeed, it may almost be said to be indispensable in the treatment of disease. Warmth, comfort, cleanliness, pure air, good food and water, regularity in the administration of medi- cine where it has to be given, kindness, watchfulness in the progress or abatement of certain symptoms, are all matters requiring the supervision of the nurse. In short, the health of the patient 1s in the majority of Cases quite as much in the hands of the nurse as the professional attendant, and the fault so often, in all classes of practice, attached to the med- ical treatment, would generally be more correctly placed to the lack of attention on the part of those Care and Feeding. 39 on whom the general care of the patient devolves. ett is always, therefore, advisable to let the latter know the full extent of his or her responsibility; and that though the charge is, as they may express it, ‘but a dog,’ it is endued with imagination, instincts and thought; has a language of its own, is sensible of neglect, harshness, yea, even cross looks on the part of those ministering to it, and to a degree rarely exhibited in other of the lower animals. The two then—the practitioner and nurse—acting in combi- nation, and working to the same end, if they do not reap the desired reward of their labors, have at least the satisfaction of knowing they did their best for the patient under their care.’ Science without feel- ing, nursing without interest, are both misapplied, for ‘An hour of pain is as long as a day of pleas- ure, and ‘An acute word cuts deeper than a sharp weapon;’ while ‘Kindness is the noblest weapon to conquer with.’ Three good old proverbs that may fitly adorn the infirmary of all genuine canine prac- titioners, and which are especially applicable to the conclusion of these remarks.’’—PROFESSOR J. WooD- RUFFE HILL. Rheumatism in the dog, says an English writer, assumes several forms; it occurs in the region of the loins, and so represents lumbago in man. It 40 Flouse and Pet Dogs. affects the joints, as it does in the human subject, and a characteristic form is common to sporting dogs, and is known as kennel lameness, which 1s apparently due to rheumatism in the subscapular muscles, arising from exposure to cold and damp in kennels. Youatt suggests that the disease may be associated with sprain, which is not unlikely, as a rheumatic tendency is certain to exhibit itself most prominently in a damaged limb, as sufferers from the affection know too well. One chief cause of kennel lameness is exposure to damp, and the correction is the proper arrangement of the beds sufficiently above the floor. To he high and dry is a maxim which is based on sound princti- ples and sustained by successful practice. Causes of rheumatism are in dogs and men about the same. First, the particular habit of body must exist, and this is most probably the outcome of defective or perverted nutrition, Rheumatism is allied to gout, and both seem to be associated with digestive errors, which aid in the formation of acid products. Uric acid is the special agent in gout, and lactic acid may perhaps play the most important part in the rheu- matic state. Mayhew’s view, that rheumatism is one of the diseases due to high living, is not at all far- fetched, as an indulgence in flesh food it exactly eee) 3 4 Care and Feeding. AI - what might be expected to cause the formation of such secondary organic products as uric acids and its salts, Symptoms of rheumatism in dogs are not unlike those which are observed in rheumatic men, save that in dogs the intestines are almost invariably affected, and constipation, with swelling and heat of the belly, are present in nearly all cases. In the form which is allied to lumbago of man, the dog is still in his movements and prefers to remain still, with the back arched. Pressure to the loins causes extreme pain, which the animal expresses by his cries. In bad cases the use of the hind extremi- ties is quite lost, and this condition is designated by Youatt by the term ‘palsy;’”’ and Blaine evidently recognizes the same state when he speaks of para- lysis in the hind extremities. Acute rheumatism of the dog is accompanied with fever, increased breath- ing, quick pulse, and rise of internal temperature; the signs of rheumatic fever. In the chronic form the symptoms are less marked, but in any case it is admitted, by old and modern writers, that a dog which had once suffered from rheumatism is always likely to have another attack if he is exposed to cold and damp. In the treatment of rheumatism there is a difference to be observed in regard to internal remedies, 42 _ House and Pet Dogs. The remedies which are in common use in the treatment of rheumatism in man are salicylic acid, or, more often now, the salicylate of soda, iodide of potassium, and the carbonate or bicarbonate of pot- ash, on which some practitioners pin their faith. Doses of these agents will vary according to the age and size of the dog, and the range is therefore likely to be considerable, varying from one grain to ten of the iodide of potassium or salicylate of soda, and from five to twenty grains of the bicarbonate of pot- ash. Besides medical treatment, the diet must be regulated, avoiding flesh for a time and substituting vegetables. Protection from cold and wet is abso- lutely essential, and this is particularly to be ob- served in regard to the sleeping accommodation. Nothing is gained by keeping a dog dry and warm all day and turning it into a damp kennel at night. CARE-OF DOGS IN’ SPRING: Dog owners are often distressed and mortified in the spring of the year at seeing their dogs evincing the very bad taste of eating carrion, and often roll- ing in it and thereby making themselves extremely offensive. The true reason why dogs show this dis- position may not be generally known. In the spring they, like all other animals, feel the need of a purga- « XATIOd,, S,AAGNVY BW CA < CHT aS: Hel iN of 44 Flouse and Pet Dogs. tive. Decomposing animal matter serves as a Ca- thartic. It is very easily digested, and carnivorous animals in their wild state often bury portions of their food so that it may be partially decomposed, because the process of decomposition is really a cooking process, and cooking food, as a rule, makes it tenderer, as every one knows. Again, in the pro- cess of decomposition of animal matter, sulphuretted hydrogen—the gas that makes the odor of bad eggs so offensive—is largely given off. The sulphur in this attenuated form is the active principle that makes decaying meat so powerfully cathartic. This is to a great extent what the dogs are craving. Now for the remedy. Give dogs meat that has been cooked, and also give them some sulphur on it. The sulphur can be put in the meat so that they will not hesitate to eat it. TREATMENT OF POISONING. Believing that a brief reference to some of the more common and popularly known poisons from which dogs are most likely to suffer, and their anti- dotes, may be of use to our readers, we quote as fol- Jows from Mr. Dalziel’s excellent little book on “The Diseases of Dogs”’: Perhaps none of our domestic animals are so liable Care and Feeding. 45 : to suffer from the effects of poisonous substances as the dog; his restless and inquisitive nature, and that inveterate habit of routing into every accessible hole and corner, lays him open to it, while the sporting dog, on duty in places where unsportsmanlike prac- tices prevail, is exposed to special danger. Dog- poisoning is either the result of design—where some envious or malicious and cowardly person is the per- petrator—or it is the result of the ignorance of per- sons administering to the animal drugs of the nature and action of which they are ignorant; or from acci- dent, which, properly interpreted, in most cases means culpable negligence on the part of those having to use poisonous substances for the destruc- tion of vermin or other purposes. Against the malicious poisoner it is difficult to provide; being rarely forewarned we cannot be fore- armed, and against accidental poisoning much can be done by using reasonable care when it is neces- sary to use poison. The following will cover the great majority of cases: Arsenic, corrosive subli- mate, phosphorus, strychnine, cantharides, carbolic acid, and what of late has caused serious trouble, Paris green. As a general rule, for distinguishing between the evidence of poisoning and the symp- toms of disease, the suddenness of the attack must 46 House and Pet Dogs. weigh largely; and by tracing where the dog has been, and what he has or is likely to have picked up, a pretty accurate conclusion may be arrived at. The first step to be taken in most cases 1s to freely empty the stonaach by means of emetics, as tartar emetic, sulphate of zinc, ipecacuanha wine, or, if none of these are at hand, by drenching with luke- warm water, and afterward giving the antidotes in- dicated, if procurable, but, under any circumstances, eive demulcents, such as boiled flour and milk, starch, gruel, milk and eggs beaten «1p, olive oil, etc., in considerable quantities. A dose of castor oil may also be given, and, if the dog suifer much pain, a dose of opium or Jaudanum every three hours. Where great depression and weakness follow, stim- ulants (as ether, wine, whisky, brandy) should be given in small quantities at frequent intervals. ARSENIC.— Symptoms: Great heat and pain in the stomach and bowels, sometimes accompanied with swelling, the belly being very tender to the touch; great thirst; frequent vomiting and retching; more or less discharges of frothy saliva; frequent evacua- tions of fluid, dark-colored matter often marked with blood. ‘The animal soon loses muscular power, to a ereat extent, Showing an indisposition to move; the tongue, lips, ete., become red and swollen, and the « HSOW,, SSIANV[ KVITIIAA “AC erohGliG dl ahsy ISh soils lt 48 | Flouse and Pet Dogs. breathing more and more labored and painful. Az- tidotes: Ferrugo, or hydrated sesquioxyde of iron, twelve parts of which combine with one of arsenic, forming an insoluble compound; also light magnesia, which will remove one-twenty-fifth its weight of arsenic from its solution in water. STRYCHNINE.— Symptoms: Severe, acute pain, mak- ing the dog utter sharp cries; frequent twitchings and jerkings of the head and limbs; the fore and hindlegs are drawn ‘toward each other, and the back is arched; the fits of cramp and twitching are inter- mittent, but are really brought on by a touch or even sudden noise; foaming at the mouth js also a frequent symptom. Antidotes: An emetic, which should immediately be given, and afterward butter, lard or other fat in considerable quantities PHospHoORUS.—Anitidote: Calcined magnesia, with diluents and demulcents given in quantity. CANTHARIDES. — Frequently given by ignorant men for purposes, which are defeated, which pro- duces dangerous results, causing inflammation of the urinary organs. Symptoms: Violent thirst; copi- ous discharge of bloody mucus from the stomach, mixed with which may be seen the shiny green parti- cles of the flies. There is great pain in the loins, swelling and inflammation of the genital organs, pain Care and Feeding. 49 in the bowels and bloody stools and urine. Axtrdotes: An emetic should at once be given, and the dog should afterward be drenched with demulcents (such as oil), and a dose of opium given every three or four hours. CORROSIVE SUBLIMATE is used for a variety of purposes about farms. It is also used for destroy- ing vermin. Symptoms: Violent vomiting and purg- ing of stringy and offensive matter; the belly dis- tended and painful to the touch; the urine sup- pressed; cramp and twitches in the limbs, and fre- quently paralysis ensues. Axdidotes: Tartar emetic as an emetic; white of eggs, followed immediately by infusions of galls; milk or gluten of wheat. Of the chemical antidotes, the albumen of eggs is by far the best; the white of one egg is sufficient to neutralize or render insoluble four grains of solid bi-chloride of mercury. CarsBoLtic Acip.—This produces baneful effects _by absorption through the pores of the skin when too freely used. It causes great prostration with trembling of the whole frame. Symptoms: Extra- ordinary depression of the vital powers; there is general shivering and almost constant trembling of the limbs, and a palsied motion of the head; bleeding at the nose is a frequent symptom, and the dis- BO Flouse and Pet Dogs. charges from the bowels are also often stained with blood. “Phe countenance of the sufferer is expres- sive of a most helpless and painful state. PARIS GREEN.—The arsenite of Copper; exten- sively used for destroying the “potato bug.” Sywzp- foms and antidtote: Same as by arsenic poisoning. Corrosive sublimate, phosphorus and strychnine each enter mto the composition of paste and powder, largely sold for the destruction of vermin; and it is when so used, being placed on bread and butter, bits of meat, ete., that they are most likely to be picked up by the dog, i lal PRALINING PET pOGs. HERE is nothing which adds so much to the pleasure and pride one feels in owning a good dog, as to know that besides being affectionate and handsome, he is intelligent. Moreover, there is no surer passport to general favor for a dog than the display of such intelligence. Most people dis- like dogs for no better reason than that they know nothing of dog nature, but these same people dis- play the greatest astonishment and interest when they see a dog that can do anything unusual. One that will-mind, or that will lie down or go to his place when told to, strikes them as being something entirely unusual. They are likely to say, “I do not like dogs usually, but yours seems remarkably in- telligent.” If the dog can perform a few simple tricks, the interest and wonder of such persons is still further heightened. 52 Flouse and Pet Dogs. Success in training pet dogs depends almost alto- gether on the judgment, discretion and patience of their teachers. We know of no more. intelligent remarks on this subject than those found in the chapter entitled ‘‘ Ladies’ Pet Dogs,” printed in Mr. S. T. Hammond’s excellent work on the education of the dog, entitled “Training vs. Breaking,” which by permission we reproduce here: “The special education of house dogs falls within the scope of this book. An animal which has re- ceived some training is certain to be vastly more interesting than one which is nothing more than a lap dog. Such an animal may be made useful in many ways, and from the fact that it does not have to be continually looked after, causes much less trouble than one which has been taught nothing. ‘No intelligent person who has carefully perused the earlier chapters of this book will have failed to observe that the essentials to success in teaching a dog are kindness, patience and firmness. In the case of pet dogs, which are to receive their educa- tion at the hands of women, the order of these essen- tials may be reversed, and we may speak of them as firmness, patience and kindness. There is little danger that a lady will be unnecessarily severe with her pet, and so it is not worth while to recommend « NYIVONETD,, SATTIIA ® WVHAIO TSINVdS GTA NYWTW FH i ee on f . , r : * i = a4 flouse and Pet Dogs, her to spare the rod in its education. There 1s, however, every probability that a dog, if he be cun- ning and obstinate, may by persistently refusing to obey, wear out the patience of his mistress and Induce her—for the moment at least—to give up the strugele, and so may gain a victory which he will remember for a long time. This is a serious mis- fortune, and one which should be guarded against iIn-every possible way. It need never occur, and will not to those who remember the teachings which we are cndeavoring to make plain. “Before going into any details in this matter, it 1s perhaps worth while to remark that dogs do not by iistinet understand the English language. It is quite a@ common thing to see people give a command to a strange dog, and, after repeating it several times, become quite angry because it 1s not obeyed, Persons who act in this way do not take the trouble to think. AX dog obeys a certain command given by a particular person because he has learned that the sounds uttered are to be followed by some act of his own, but he does not know what meaning those sounds convey to ous. A dog could be taught to ‘Charge by saving to him * Stand on your head,’ just as casily as at the sound of the word which we com- monly employ, Training Pet Dogs. 55 “Sir John Lubbock is said to have taught his dog to read; and, while this is of course not literally true, his experiments are so interesting, and show so well what may be done in the education of this animal, that we give them below. In his first note on the subject he says: ; ““¢Miss Martineau once remarked that, considering how long we have lived in close association with ani- mals, it is astonishing how little we know about them, and especially about their mental condition. This applies with especial force to our domestic ani- mals, and above all of course to dogs. “<1 believe that it arises very much from the fact that hitherto we have tried to teach animals rather than to learn from them—to convey our ideas to them rather than to devise any language, or code of sig- nals, by which they might communicate theirs to us. No doubt the former process is interesting and in- structive, but it does not carry us very far. “* Under these circumstances, it has occured to me whether some such system as that followed with deaf mutes, especially by Dr. Howe with Laura Bridgman, might not prove very instructive if adapted to the case of dogs. ‘““* Accordingly I prepared some pieces of stout cardboard, and printed on each in legible letters a 56 fTouse and Pet Dogs. word such as ‘food,’ ‘bone,’ ‘out,’ etc. The head master of one of the deaf and dumb schools kindly agreed to assist me. We each began with a terrier puppy, but neither of us obtained very satisfactory results. My dog, indeed, was lost before I had had him long. I then began training a black poodle, Van by name, kindly given me by my friend Mr. Nickalls. I commenced by giving the dog food in a saucer, over which I laid the card on which was the word ‘food,’ placing also by the side an empty saucer, covered by a plain card. ““*Van soon learned to distinguish between the two, and the next stage was to teach him to bring me the card; this he now does, and hands it to me quite prettily, and then I give him a bone, or a little food, or take him out, according to the card brought. He still brings sometimes a plain card, in which case I point out his error, and he then takes it back and changes it. This, however, does not often happen. Yesterday morning, for instance, Van brought me the card with ‘food’ on it, nine times in succession, selecting it from other plain cards, though I changed the relative position each time. “No one that sees him can doubt that he under- stands the act of bringing the card with ‘food’ on- it as a request for something to eat, and that he dis- ee COCKER (SPANTEI:: ieee Wine Ss” - OBOo TT. ” 58 House and Pet Dogs. tinguishes between it and a plain card. [I also be- lieve that he distinguishes, for instance, between the card with the word ‘food’ on it and the card with ‘out’ on it. “ «This, then, seems to open up a method which may be carried much further, for it is obvious that the cards may be multiplied, and the dog thus ena- bled to communicate freely with us. I have as yet, I know, made only a very small beginning, and hope to carry the experigvent much: ftirther.: ° * +> ™ “This letter was written in December, 1883. “At a later date (April, 1884) he published another note on the subject, in which, referring to his pre- vious letter, he says that it ‘has elicited various replies and suggestions which you will perhaps allow me to answer, and I may also take the opportunity of stating the progress which my dog Van has made, although, owing greatly no doubt to my frequent absences from home, and the little time I can devote to him, this has not been so rapid as I doubt not would otherwise have been the case. Perhaps I may just repeat that the essence of my idea was to have various words, such as ‘food,’ ‘bone,’ ‘ water,’ ‘out,’ etc., printed on pieces of cardboard, and after some preliminary training, to give the dog anything for which he asked by bringing a card. Training Pet Dogs. 59 “ WQS Seeks Ss Be EAT SVN ——— AS iC Be mm is rT ee = eS = SS SS Q Na SS | = Green eee ee sea es SOS) WAS 2a fe oo Oe “ = ee Cr So AY on \ SASS Sey rien Cee Sas —— = = <_ ; = SS Ta SS) , Its SS IN SON ame 4s : SOY g ea — NY ( MTA fe / = WO PSS SS I MY OD i, j | iY ) = fe ae i pa 5 SS Ay 2a Vara go a Wy ([f v%6 y) ff t se ie . i Thiedis, ofp = Fak PMjr-0s be Wwe ty boleh ot Gere) ated dee thie frtemest wath Whol ti itis WET De vbeweed Day Wisthors pee the Neth Plo testoat these is tee sit ap Vo siti chess Tear this readiiv. aid yor well Hot ere Thr PRIVe ob el ee epee (lin it, Pit the sie Dehobe Voy oi at stttiee posited, saad takin beth borepaiwes oh Vou tert Tamed, raise theem Prova the } | evened tae) bedamee tant oon tas heaaehes, stpyert- mie do dy the borepaws se tintt Tee awill pet fall ead Well Vout rrodit draped thoid) ao dat ot ora: ker before His drose Plas ctttentionm will seo be comecnutrated on thes, aed tre will foreet to strigvele, cme will im- volintarily try te keep dis bakunee. Keep lim there Por Tagh at niites ciel thea cive tam the cracker anel the temas Veter two oor three dessous of this kind vol wl tet Trave to tld Tas paws, but merely to oem Veo Tame trader them tee prevent has falling borg] \oiitthe fater ato wtih be casy te withdraw the smippert aibowether. Atter each lesson vet must Hot tan te oaress the parpil, aad: fet hum daderstand Phte beet bits chote well uid deserved VOUT tpprobna tava ti tyoye fap tines the qiere stibstuntecl) rew.rd) of poortoet took bat iP wot ose stake: ttn macder- pied Pine * HOnEDeHsa Lian for Tis efforts is the ee ee ey a ‘Nagy cher ThtsS tow rire four “tricks. if Vou Training Pet Dogs. 79 wish to call them so—at all events he has four ac- complishments, three of which will add very greatly to your comfort in dealing with him. He will, if you have taught him in the right way, come to you at the word, will walk close beside you without running off to fraternize with strange curs that he may see in the street, and will lie down and remain in one place and posture until you tell him to ‘hold up;’ even though you go out of the room and leave him alone for half an hour. The sitting up is after all the only ‘trick’ he has learned. The other three accomplishments are really necessary parts of his education. COMG LO BED: “Tn the sitting-room or library, or wherever it may be that you spend most of your time, there should be a corner devoted to your dog. On the floor in this corner there should be a cushion or mat large enough for the dog to lie on. You will often find that when you are busy the dog will insist on having some attention, will either want to be petted or to play, and so will be somewhat troublesome. . Teach him, therefore, when he is told to do so, to ‘go to bed.’ All that is necessary in this is to give the com- mand, lead him to his bed, and when he has reached it order him to ‘charge’ there. After you have done So Flouse and Pet Dogs. this a few times he will understand what you mean by ‘go to bed,’ and will obey readily enough. You can call him out of his corner by the words ‘hold up’ and ‘come along,’ and after a little the mere point- ing of your finger to his bed will be enough to send him trotting into his corner. “By varying the places you can readily enough teach him to go to the window, get upon the sofa or chair, go up-stairs, into the dining-room, or into any room in the house. We have had toy dogs that we have sent into a corner as a punishment, as naughty children are sometimes supposed to be disciplined, but the punishment corner should not be the same as the bed corner. The order to go into the first- named should always be given in a tone of mingled severity and reproach, and, of course, the dog should not be sent there unless it has really in some way offended. TEACHING DO FETCH: “Tn a previous chapter the lesson ‘fetch’ has been given, but for toy dogs, a less elaborate method will do, All young dogs delight to run after a ball, and will usually either bring it back to be thrown again, or will carry it off to one side and amuse themselves for a while by gnawing at it. Your dog, however, has been taught to ‘come,’ and if he shows a dis- “ASHI IO Gi 4. Solaaa sy NS) a6 SGHlAlatG)9) 82 House and Pet Dogs. position to run off with the ball, you must call him to you. If he brings the ball, caress and praise him, and then throw it again, and if he brings it the second time, repeat the praise, and congratulate yourself upon having a natural retriever. If, how- ever, he drops the ball when you call him and runs to you, lead him back to the ball, place it gently between his jaws and hold it there, and lead him back to the spot where you stood when you first called him, repeating the word ‘fetch.’ Then praise and pet him, and after a moment, interest him in the ball and throw it again. In putting the ball in his mouth you must be very gentle with him, for this is something entirely new, and he will not un- derstand it, and may, if he is of a timid disposition, be frightened by what you are doing. Be quiet, therefore, and deliberate in all your movements, and as you lead him back with the ball in his mouth, say in a quiet voice, ‘fetch,’ ‘fetch. “He will comupnes hend what you desire very soon, and as he enjoys the sport of chasing the ball, will be only too glad to obey your order as soon as he understands what you mean. “By the time your dog has acquired the various accomplishments already alluded to, the association between you has no doubt extended over several POODLE. WiC .SANEORD'S: (° STVX.” Ip Tf cette: Pia? Pet Dynes, Mo lis Vou dive probably cared somethuag Of at, dustela outer dis claeraeter, cad tie haa come fo understuid your wavs very thoronehive Th you speak te dai cheertilly and ensouragimely he ts delighted: a vou rebuke or reproach hint he as mer tifedk cid erieved, and shews it im every har oof tis bowiv. Needless to sav that vou are very fond of him. and that he faarly worships vou You tind too that be now learns much more quickly than at first, Netoonuly has lis itelligence been directed) bw tis education, but lis ever increasing desire te wit your approbation makes hin strive to comprehend what ved wish, and to remember it after he has come to an appreciation of what the command means. Phe lessons Which vou have given him have probably net been without their effeet upon vou, and you have learned) ao wreat deal about does and their imtelh- eenee and imethods of reasonme, which has never been set dewr de words, OTTER VCCOMPELISTD ME NES. -Trowill net be very ditheuit for you to very con silerably cstend your dog’s list of aecomplishments Voor eeu kee wy) hits playthings I some corner which cw cessthte te. liam, are ect bec hh dita to brie Vou Woocoraiuirel iy ote ood the articles that Vou May BULLDOG. G. RAPER’s ‘‘ Rustic KING,” [he ae DAH Wake. 86 flouse and Pet Dogs. designate; can teach him to shake hands, to roll over, to walk on his hind legs, to chase his tail, to wipe his feet on the mat at the front door when he is coming in from a walk, and a great many other sim- ple tricks of this description. ee SG. = se A SWI Ny en Se BLACK AND TAN TERRIER; S. CAMERON'S ‘‘ WALLACE.” Apes Grey: 102 flouse and Pet Dogs. it down. Isit beside him, repeating the words a few times; usually he drops asleep. It will not be long before he will learn this without being touched, so you can say “ Dead dog”’ from across the room; but do not trifle with him and make him perform the trick when there is no reason for it, or he will refuse to do it. FOOD AND FEEDING. The dog-owning public is gradually becoming convinced of the injuriousness of indiscriminate feed- ing; still there are few houses where the animal is forbidden the kitchen, and the consequent indul- gence of tid bits from the servants. I would dismiss a cook who fed a dog or encouraged him in the kitchen against my orders. ‘This I make understood beforehand. Besides the ruination to the digestion, being fed in the kitchen is the first step to stealing there or in the dining-room, which fault is inherent in the animal, evolved from his wolf ancestors, mak- ing it an instinct to get his living by depredation. Thus it is difficult to train them not to be thieves, but it can be done if begun when young; with no tampering allowed, no notice taken of begging. His food should never be thrown on the ground, but put on one platter, and water put always in the same bowl, both having a spot reserved for them and not Teaching Canine Manners. } 103 interfered with by any other animal. This teaches fastidiousness, which should be encouraged as a pre- ventive to picking up bits—a very dangerous habit, sometimes resulting in accidental or intentional pois- oning. If the dog picks up a bit it should always and immediately be removed from the mouth by the master’s fingers. All of our dogs permit me to do this without trouble. In regard to feeding them there is much advice given about the desirability of giving them but one meal a day. It certainly is not best to have them fat, but I doubt if the one-meal-a-day plan works well, One time we wished to reduce a bird dog’s flesh, and fed him sparingly. It was noticed that he disappeared at a certain hour every day, on which we discovered that he ran some distance to a district school, where he picked up the bread and butter - thrown out of the children’s lunch baskets. After that we deemed it better to increase his rations than to have him go on a picnic. Of course he might have been tied to his kennel, but tying up a dog for hours a day spoils its shape. GOOD BEHAVIOR AND HAPPINESS. Dogs recognize their rights, and have better memories than one gives them credit for. 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