'35

ILLUSTRATIONS OF

INDIAN FIELD SPORTS

CAPTAIN THOMAS WILLIAMSON

/^ .

THE LIBRARY

OF

THE UNIVERSITY
OF CALIFORNIA

PRESENTED BY

PROF. CHARLES A. KOFOID AND
MRS. PRUDENCE W. KOFOID

INDIAN FIELD SPORTS

ILLUSTRATIONS

OF

INDIAN FIELD SPORTS

SELECTED AND REPRODUCED FROM THE COLOURED ENGRAVINGS FIRST
PUBLISHED IN 1807 AFTER DESIGNS BY CAPTAIN THOMAS WILLIAMSON

OF THE BENGAL ARMY

ARCHIBALD CONSTABLE AND COMPANY

14 PARLIAMENT STREET S-W

MDCCCXCII

PREFACE

THIS republication of a selection of the illustrations from Captain Williamson's celebrated
work on Oriental Field Sports has been undertaken in the hope that such graphic records
of past days in India may still successfully appeal to a wide circle.

The original edition, published in 1807 by Edward Orme, containing forty plates with
descriptive letterpress to each, and dedicated to His Majesty King George the Third, has
long been a scarce book, fetching an ever-increasing price on the rare occasions when
copies have been available at book auctions or elsewhere.

In their original form, the plates, coloured mezzo-tint engravings from drawings by
Samuel Howett after the author's designs, measure eighteen inches by thirteen, and in
the reductions of them now offered to the public no efforts have been spared to reproduce
all the artistic features of the originals in a convenient size, and at a moderate price.

The work of selecting the illustrations to be reproduced has been no easy task, but it
is believed that the result presents a typical collection which may perhaps be added to
hereafter.

The descriptions .of the plates, based to some extent on the original letterpress, have
been carefully prepared to meet the requirements of those to whom sport in the East and

Vlll PREFACE

its surroundings are as yet unfamiliar, and at the same time with a view to interesting
Indian sportsmen generally. In this connection the following extract from the original preface
might be quoted with advantage : —

It is not merely to the Sportsman, that this Work is addressed It is offered to the Public as depicting
the Manners, Customs, Scenery, and Cojtume of a territory, now intimately blended with the British Empire,
and of such importance to its welfare, as to annex a certain degree of consequence to every publication, that
either exhibits, or professes to impart, a knowledge of whatever may hitherto have been concealed, or that
remains unfolded to our view.

Herein the British Nimrod may view, with no small satisfaction, a new and arduous species of the Chase.
The curious observer of Nature will feel equal transport, in contemplating that part of her works, which she
has appropriated to other soils. The Artist may reap a rich harvest of information, enabling him, not only to
comprehend more fully the scenery of the torrid zone, but to adorn his own compositions with a greater variety
of those beauties, which the climate and narrow limits of his own country cannot furnish. The Philosopher
and the Historian may either confirm or correct their conceptions of former details ; and, to say the least, even
those who, devoid of care for the past or for the future, seek for present recreation only, may in these pages
find that which, either from its novelty or its attraction, may help them to pass with pleasure through many ;i
lingering hour.

In addition to Oriental Field Sports, a second edition of which was issued on a reduced
scale soon after the publication of the first edition, Captain Williamson was the author of The
East India Vadc-Mccnm, or complete guide to Gentlemen intended for the Civil, J\Iilitary or
Naval Service of the Hon. East India Company. 8vo. Lond : 1810, of which a second edition
appeared in 1825 after his death, remodelled by Dr. }. B. Gilchrist ; and various other works,
on British Field Sports, Mathematics and Angling. He also supplied the letterpress to The
European in India, from a collection of drawings by Charles Doyley, Esqrc. 4to. Lond : 1813.

A. C.

LIST OF PLATES

GOING OUT IN THE MORNING

BEATING SUGAR-CANES FOR A HOG

THE CHASE AFTER A HOG

HOG-HUNTERS MEETING A TIGRESS AND CUBS

CHASING A TIGER ACROSS A RIVER

THE DEAD TIGER

SHOOTING A LEOPARD IN A TREE

THE BUFFALO AT BAY

DRIVING A BEAR OUT OF SUGAR-CANES

THE HOG- DEER AT BAY

HUNTERS GOING OUT IN THE MORNING

GOING OUT IN THE MORNING

THIS scene represents the encampment of the English officers of a Native Infantry Regiment
in the early years of the present century. In a tope, or grove of trees, more commonly the
mango-tree — with which Bengal and the North-West Provinces are so abundantly planted-
are tents of various shapes and sizes. That in the right foreground is a double-poled tent,
perhaps thirty feet long by twenty broad, and especially convenient as giving in the centre a
large space free from the interruption of poles. In front of it is an elephant on its haunches,
while one of the sportsmen is mounting by a ladder to an old-fashioned hauda/i, such as we
found in use among the natives of the country. In more modern times the construction of the
Jiaudah has been altered from something like a railed couch to what more resembles the body
of a mail phaeton, with a seat in front for the sportsman and one behind for his native attendant,
the whole generally enclosed by iron rails and having various contrivances for the carrying of
the battery, provisions, &c. In front of the elephant is a rider equipped much after the fashion
of a modern jockey, — a fashion that would seem strange enough in the India of to-day —
endeavouring to mount a jibbing horse which, as is frequently the case with Indian — or, as
they are called, country-bred — horses, has to be blindfolded before it can be approached by a

B

2 GOING OUT IN THE MORNING

European. Its tail, it will be noticed, is tipped with pink, a practice still much affected by
native owners. On the left is a shdmidnd, or square tent with a flat roof, commonly used as
a sitting-room in the daytime and for a mess-room at night, when the weather is not too cold.
Sometimes, as here, the front is left open ; at other times its kandts, or movable walls, enclose
it on all sides. Immediately in front is a pad elephant, i.e., one on which the hunter's seat is a
pad of canvas thickly stuffed with straw and lashed round the elephant's body. Immediately
behind the animal's head sits the native driver, or )iid/iout, wielding his dnkus, a formidable
iron prod used for guidance or correction. A small elephant a little to the right is saddled, as
was not uncommon in bygone days, and mounted by a rider whose composite costume looks
like a yearning after Melton. In the centre are two native servants, " bearers " or valets
probably, clad in the chintz dresses padded with cotton which are still so common among
them in the winter months. Greyhounds and pet dogs, a dari, or tent-carpet, stretched on
the tent-ropes to dry, the muskets and cooking utensils of the guard, fill up the foreground,
while in the middle distance is a pair of combative nags that the syces, or grooms, are trying to
separate.

BEATING SUGAR CANES FOR A HOG

BEATING SUGAR-CANES FOR A HOG

HOG-HUNTING, or pig-sticking, as the sport is more familiarly called, is practised all over
India. In Bengal, the paradise of pig-stickers, the spear, a bamboo of some eight or nine feet
in length, weighted with lead at the butt, is carried by the rider close to his knee, the point being
depressed, and driven into the pig as he comes up with it. In other parts of the country the
spear, which is shorter, is thrown at the pig, the rider thereby being left defenceless for the time
being. With a stout boar-pig, the chase is long and arduous, his pace when in good condition
being such as requires a very fleet horse to come up with him. From November to April the pig
fattens upon his beloved sugar-cane and becomes gross in the extreme. But when the canes
are off the ground, and he has to travel long distances in quest of food, he becomes low in flesh,
and correspondingly active. It is then that the pig-sticker delights in his favourite sport. In-.
the print before us a host of beaters, armed with long bamboo poles, has just driven him out of
his covert. The sportsmen, stationed at the corner of the field beneath a group of cocoa-palms,,
are awaiting him as he breaks into the open and bursts at full speed across the khidris, or
poppy-beds prepared for the opium crop. In the centre is seen the rustic plough, — a mere
wedge of hard wood tipped with iron — from which at the appearance of the pig the frightened

B 2

4 BEATING SUGAR-CANES FOR A HOG

bullocks have broken loose, and the equally frightened ploughmen have scattered in all direc-
tions. In the foreground, at the border of the sugar kliet, is a well from which the cultivators
are irrigating the land, the bucket or leathern trough being suspended from a long pole pivoted
on an upright, and given a leverage by a weight of mud at its farther end. In the distance is
the pig-sticker's bungalow with a grove of " toddy-trees," or palmyra?, to the left. To the
right, beyond the elephant, is a banian-tree, covering a considerable area. The dogs in pursuit
are a couple of pariahs, or village dogs, belonging to no one in particular, but often of use in
bringing the pig to bay, or, by giving tongue, indicating the course he has taken when concealed
from the sportsman's sight.

THE CHASE AFTER A HOG

THE CHASE AFTER A HOG

THE chase is here at its height, and the artist shows us the beginning of the end. The sports-
men in the background have started fresh game, which seems to be leading them to a river.
But our two friends — the one on a chestnut, the other on a grey — are urging the chase of the
fellow we saw evicted fiom the sugar-field, who has made for the lair where his wife and
children are awaitin'g his return in the long reedy grass which the villagers are cutting and
stacking to be used hereafter in thatching their cottages. Piggy's domestic solicitude, however,
will be unworthily recompensed if the gentleman on the chestnut Arab manages his weapon
well ; for the boar is tired and only a length in his front, just above the hidden retreat where
the sow and her alarmed " sounder " are crouched. His only chance now is that chapter of
accidents to which both men and pigs are often left. And in pig-sticking that chapter is a
long and varied one. Blind, indeed, is the country over which the course lies, and many a
" cropper " is the result from buffalo holes, disused wells, ravines, &c. Another source of
danger in such a scene as that before us lies in the goanches, or lumps formed by the roots of
grass. These goanches are the residue of the stubble after it has been fired. In their hardened
state they are a frequent stumbling-block to the rider, who cannot stop to pick his way even if
he could see what is before him ; while, when they rot, they become pitfalls into which the
horse's foot goes down with the certain consequence of an ugly fall.

HOG-HUNTERS MEETING BY SURPRISE A TIGRESS AND HER CUBS

HOG-HUNTERS MEETING BY SURPRISE A TIGRESS AND CUBS

LIKE the big game of North America, the Indian tiger is now- a- days fast disappearing from
the scene, and has to be sought out with elaborate preparation. But a century ago, when he.
abounded in numbers that would gladden the heart of a modern sportsman, it was not uncommon
for those in quest of other game to find themselves face to face with a foe whom their equip-
ment ill-fitted them to encounter. Such an incident, taken from real life, is depicted in the
present Plate. As a detachment of troops is marching from Berhampore to Cawnpore, a hog
crosses the line, and the officers, snatching spears from their syces, always ready for such a
contingency, are quickly in pursuit of the quarry. They have not, however, gone far when the
foremost rider, already exulting in the thought of taking " first spear," suddenly finds himself
abreast of a tigress that with a litter of cubs is basking behind a large byre (wild plum) bush.
A stampede is the prompt result, some of the sportsmen, owing to the terror of their horses,
having a very narrow escape, but succeeding in killing their pig. Returning to camp, they
arm themselves for vengeance upon the intruder, but only to find that maternal solicitude has
enjoined the better part of valour. In the sloping background of the scene is the line of troops
with their baggage animals, camels and elephants, and behind them again the ranges of hills
which form a border to the east and west of Bengal and Behar.

CHASING A TIGER ACROSS A RIVER

HERE the tiger, driven from his lair in the jungle by the long line of elephants, endeavours
to make good his retreat by swimming the river. Unlike the cat, he has no dislike to water,
but will readily take to it when pursued, or of his own accord when in search of food, frequently
even entering it in order to attack boats, though well manned. In the present instance he
seems to have but a-poor chance of escaping, for the elephants are close upon him ; though, as only
a small portion of his body is exposed, he is by no means an easy mark, while, should the ball
strike the water, its course is pretty certain to be diverted. Now-a-days an express bullet
hitting him in a vital point will either kill him or so wound him that, even if he gets to the
bank, he will be tracked by his blood ; but the musket of former days was a very uncertain
weapon, and the tiger, even though struck in many places, would frequently escape. The river
here is evidently not at its height, for the stretch of sand in the centre foreground will in the
monsoon be completely covered, and the peasant's hut removed till the dry season enables him
to put it up again and raise a scanty crop on the ooze left by the shrunken stream. The
building on the farther bank is a Hindoo mandar, or temple, with its long flight of steps down
to the water, to which, especially if it be that of the Ganges or the Jumna, the devout Hindoo
comes to perform his religious rites, or to bring the corpse of a relative to its sacred home.

C

THE DEAD TIGER

THE DEAD TIGER

THOUGH he has managed to get across the river, the tiger here receives his coitp-de-grace.
Brought to bay, he has apparently made a savage attempt to die gloriously by attacking his
pursuers, and has no doubt succeeded in terrifying and perhaps severely wounding one or more
of the elephants. The terror, indeed, with which he inspires any but the most courageous and
well trained of these animals is so great that they not only swerve from his charge, but are
frequently seized with a panic and turn tail at the very moment the sportsman is about to take
aim. Here the central elephant expresses his mingled terror and vengeance by viciously
plunging his tusks into the body of his fallen foe, while crushing in his sides with the full
weight of his ponderous knees. His fellow to the right is lending a helping foot, while he
raises his trunk and trumpets forth the victory. The beaters rush up to join in the triumph,
and the sportsman who has followed the chase on horseback dismounts from his terror-stricken
nag, for whose nerves the neighbourhood^ even a dying tiger is too much. The various
shaped haudahs are such as are described under the first Plate, though none of them closely
resembles the approved pattern of the present day. The covering seen on the head of the
elephant between the two more prominent of his fellows is called a sarpesJi, or hood, and
though rarely used by Europeans, is by natives considered an indispensable part of his full dress.

C 2

THE DEAD TIGER

THOUGH he has managed to get across the river, the tiger here receives his coup-de-grace.
Brought to bay, he has apparently made a savage attempt to die gloriously by attacking his
pursuers, and has no doubt succeeded in terrifying and perhaps severely wounding one or more
of the elephants. The terror, indeed, with which he inspires any but the most courageous and
well trained of these animals is so great that they not only swerve from his charge, but are
frequently seized with a panic and turn tail at the very moment the sportsman is about to take
aim. Here the central elephant expresses his mingled terror and vengeance by viciously
plunging his tusks into the body of his fallen foe, while crushing in his sides with the full
weight of his ponderous knees. His fellow to the right is lending a helping foot, while he
raises his trunk and trumpets forth the victory. The beaters rush up to join in the triumph,
and the sportsman who has followed the chase on horseback dismounts from his terror-stricken
nag, for whose nerves the neighbourhood of even a dying tiger is too much. The various
shaped haudahs are such as are described under the first Plate, though none of them closely
resembles the approved pattern of the present day. The covering seen on the head of the
elephant between the two more prominent of his fellows is called a sarpesh, or hood, and
though rarely used by Europeans, is by natives considered an indispensable part of his full dress.

C 2

SHOOTING A LEOPARD

SHOOTING A LEOPARD IN A TREE

WHILE the tiger as a rule prefers the grass jungle as his place of concealment, it is the under-
woods, especially on the low shelving banks of rivers, that are most frequented by the leopard.
There skulking, it waits for any small game that may come in its way, and carries off sheep,
goats, or poultry that may be imprudent or unfortunate enough to wander in its neighbourhood.
Cattle of any size it rarely attacks, and, unless wounded, will avoid men. More subtle than
the tiger, it is at the same time more ravenous. It is also more vindictive. Tigers have been
known to be reared in a domestic state, and to become subject to man's control ; but whatever
care may be taken in taming a leopard, its treacherous nature is sure, sooner or later, to break
out. When pursued, it will rarely show fight. If tracked so closely that escape by conceal-
ment is impossible, it will seek safety by springing into a tree rather than turn and face its
pursuers with the noble wrath of the tiger. Such is the case in the present illustration. The
line of elephants and the attendant beaters have cut off all retreat. The dogs, of which it
would make short work if there were no sportsmen in the background, are yelping at its heels.
But amid the stately mango-trees all round there may still be a chance of escape, and with cat-
like activity the beast is quickly up the trunk, trusting under the cover of the foliage to crawl

I4 SHOOTING A LEOPARD IN A TREE

along one of the extended arms and, if not hit, to spring thence into another tree, and eventually
get back to earth undetected. Here, however, its pursuers are up in time to frustrate such
hopes, and to the shikari on the pad elephant too good a mark is presented for any
mistake.

SHOOTING A LEOPARD IN A TREE

WHILE the tiger as a rule prefers the grass jungle as his place of concealment, it is the under-
woods, especially on the low shelving banks of rivers, that are most frequented by the leopard.
There skulking, it waits for any small game that may come in its way, and carries off sheep,
goats, or poultry that may be imprudent or unfortunate enough to wander in its neighbourhood.
Cattle of any size it rarely attacks, and, unless wounded, will avoid men. More subtle than
the tiger, it is at the same time more ravenous. It is also more vindictive. Tigers have been
known to be reared in a domestic state, and to become subject to man's control ; but whatever
care may be taken in taming a leopard, its treacherous nature is sure, sooner or later, to break
out. When pursued, it will rarely show fight. If tracked so closely that escape by conceal-
ment is impossible, it will seek safety by springing into a tree rather than turn and face its
pursuers with the noble wrath of the tiger. Such is the case in the present illustration. The
line of elephants and the attendant beaters have cut off all retreat. The dogs, of which it
would make short work if there were no sportsmen in the background, are yelping at its heels.
But amid the stately mango-trees all round there may still be a chance of escape, and with cat-
like activity the beast is quickly up the trunk, trusting under the cover of the foliage to crawl

14 SHOOTING A LEOPARD IN A TREE

along one of the extended arms and, if not hit, to spring thence into another tree, and eventually
get back to earth undetected. Here, however, its pursuers are up in time to frustrate such
hopes, and to the shikari on the pad elephant too good a mark is presented for any
mistake.

HUNTING AN OLD BUFFALO

THE BUFFALO AT BAY

ALL over India the tame buffalo abounds. Frequently employed for draught, if is seen
lumbering along with its ungainly bulk and tardy gait. More useful in ploughing, with perhaps
an ox or a pony, or even a donkey, as its yoke-fellow, it drudges on at a pace that would
irritate beyond all bounds the patience of any but an Indian peasant. As a beast of burden it
is well-nigh useless from its invincible determination to wallow in any pool or stream it may
come across. Its chief value, however, is as a milk-giving animal. To European taste, its
milk, though rich, is unpalatable, while butter made from it has a tallowy flavour, and is
scarcely eatable. In this latter form it is rarely used by natives ; but being simmered over a
slow fire and cooled gradually it becomes granulated, and, as £•/*/, is used for cooking purposes
or eaten alone in large quantities. Sullen and clumsy in its domesticated state, the buffalo
when wild is active enough, and ferocious in the extreme. Its mere bulk makes it dangerous,
while its enormous horns are so sharp and strong as to penetrate even the hide of an elephant.
To hunt it on foot is a foolhardy exploit, for a single shot, unless very luckily planted, is likely
to do little else than further infuriate an already dangerous animal. Woe, then, to the sports-
man on whom it turns ! So great is its speed that none but a " racer " has any chance of

1 6 THE BUFFALO AT BAY

outstripping it, while a spear is but a poor defence against its rush. Except on the back of a
well-trained elephant, the sportsman runs as great a risk as in facing a tiger on foot. Indeed,
the chances against him are greater, insomuch as the tiger, though offering a smaller mark, is
the more vulnerable animal of the two. Hence the pursuit is usually organized, as in the case of
a tiger-drive, with a line of elephants. As a rule, the wild buffalo when pressed will make for
a///// (swamp), as seen in the present illustration, and when brought to bay will fight with a
desperate determination.

DRIVING A BEAR OUT OF SUGAR CANES

DRIVING A BEAR OUT OF SUGAR-CANES

THE Bengal bear is distinguished by the deep black colour of his hair, which is long and thinly
scattered over his body, and by a crescent of white, like a gorget, on his breast. His hind legs
are shorter, and the paws flatter and longer than those of the European breed ; his pace more
shuffling and laboured. Clumsy, however, as he looks, it would fare ill with a man on foot who
thought to outstrip him. He is nimble enough, too, in climbing, and will be up in no time
amid the branches of a tree in which instinct tells him that a banquet of nuts will reward his
activity. Steep, unfrequented banks, or burrows made by jackals and other animals, are his
most frequent shelter, but a plantation of sugar-cane is the delight of his heart, the cover being
thick and cool, and the succulent stalks furnishing him with both meat and drink. To the
native he is a foe to be shirked unless under the protecting convoy of European sportsmen,
when a whole village will gladly turn out to beat a khet (field). Such a scene we have here.
Roused from his pleasant retreat, Bruin is making off for one of his hiding-places. The field,
with a legion of pariah dogs, is in full chase, while in a tree, to which the quarry is to be driven^
a native shikari is ambushed with his rifle ready for the devastator of the village crops. The
conical mounds in the right foreground are heaps of earth thrown up by those pestilent little

D

a8 DRIVING A BEAR OUT OF SUGAR-CANES

scourges, the white ants. When a bear finds a nest of ants, but especially white ants, he is in
his glory ; he tears up the whole burrow, licking up all the clusters he can get at, and lying
with his tongue out to entice the little prey into his mouth. By this means he, no doubt, often
obtains an ample meal, as frequently a bushel of white ants may be found in the same nest.
In the left background, within a clump of mango-trees, bordered by the feathery bamboo, is a
Hindoo temple ; in the centre the frequent palm, with a line of buildings, probably those of an
indigo factory.

THE HOQ DEER AT BAY

THE HOG-DEER AT BAY

ABOUT the size of our fallow-deer, to whose horns those of the bucks are very similar, the
hog-deer differs essentially in form of body. With a heavy head, not unlike that of a sheep,
it has remarkably low fore-quarters, with hinder parts broad and fleshy. Down the back,-in two
parallel lines, run oval white spots, commencing at the withers and gradually lessening in size
as they approach the insertion of the tail. The rest of the animal is of a mouse colour,
modified, however, according to its age and environments. In point of speed the hog-deer is
greatly inferior to the antelope. In hunting the latter, greyhounds are of little or no use, they
being easily outstripped, unless by good fortune they chance to take a herd by surprise and
terrify it into inactivity. With the hog-deer it is different. A greyhound will keep him at his
full speed, even if not able to run him down, and will prevent him from squatting, as he is very
apt to do. When closely pursued, the buck becomes extremely fierce, and rarely fails to
make an obstinate defence. One very ugly trick the animal has, that of suddenly stopping
short, letting the horseman pass, and then making an impetuous rush at the horse's hind
quarters. If two sportsmen be in company, the one in the rear will at this moment get a
favourable opportunity for delivering a spear ; but the risk in hunting this animal being much

20 THE HOG-DEER AT BAY

less than in that, for instance, of pig-sticking, a rider often goes out alone, and in the above
contingency may find himself and his horse very unpleasantly situated. In the present Plate,
brought to bay and in the act of charging the rider in blue, the deer finds himself taken in flank,
while, should the spear fail to prove fatal, a bullet from the sportsman on the pad elephant
will quickly settle matters.

Efforts have frequently been made to domesticate this animal, but without success. Taken
in nets, treated with every kindness, and allowed ample space in which to roam, it so pines for
liberty that no instance is known of its surviving confinement for more than a few days.

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this end, and cannot fail to create in their readers a desire to push their knowledge further. — The Sco! nna>t.

The new volume of " Constable's Oriental Miscellany " would have delighted Macaulay and the champions of

"Occidentalism" in Indian education in Lord William Bentinck's day Messrs. Gall and Robertson .... have

prepared a collection of essays which will be at least as acceptable to the general reader as to the student, in which the results

of the most modern researches in physical science are brought up to date In each case the subject is treated in a clear

and interesting way .... it is a most commendable undertaking. — The Bombay Gaz-ttc.

The title sufficiently indicates the lines on which the two collaborators have worked. Theirs is no dry-as-dust text-book ;

it is rather a collection of scientific facts forming chapters in what has aptly been called the romance of science Messrs.

Archibald Constable & Co. have a particular interest in this country-, and their Oriental Miscellany is so well edited, printed,
and published, that it is easy to predict for it a wide popularity. — The Madras Mail.

The second volume of "Constable's Oriental Miscellany, just published under the above heading, has been designed to

meet an undoubted want, and will hardly yield in usefulness to any in. the projected series While elementary principles

are explained with sufficient clearness to enable the work to be used independently of other text-books, the compilers have-
devoted much attention and space to many of the results of scientific researches which have mainly distinguished the present
century. The Darwinian theory, for instance, is not only admirably summarized in itself, but we are furnished with a useful
precis of the arguments pro tt coir, together with an account of the more recent discoveries of paleontologists which have-
strengthened the doctrines of the evolution of organic beings, and an outline of the views regarding it of the .ww.'A of all
nations. The book is one which should secure a large number of general readers, who will find in it a vast store of useful
information placed before them in a peculiarly readable and acceptable form. — The Pioneer.

This is a popular treatise covering a very wide range of subjects. .... A well-written book like a modernized Lardner,
or ay?« dc siecle edition of the "Scientific Information for the People " of the " Useful Knowledge Series." — The Educational
Times.

The authors write about what they know, and they write with clearness and precision, and on the topics which they

discuss they have spoken with that accuracy which comes from full knowledge The value of the book is enhanced by

a glossary of technical terms, which will be of the utmost possible use to the beginner, and also of use to those who are
somewhat advanced in their studies. — The Aberdeen Daily Free Press.

Archibald Constable and Company's Publications 3

Vol. in.

AURENG-ZEBE, a Tragedy, by JOHN DRYDEN, and Book ii. of THE CHACE, a Poem, by WILLIAM
SOMERVILE. Edited, with Biographical Memoirs and Notes, by KENNETH DEIGHTON, Editor of Select
Plays of Shakespeare. With a Portrait of Dryden, and a coloured reproduction of an Indian painting repre-
senting the Emperor Akbar deer-stalking. Cr. 8vo, pp. xiii. + 222. Price 55. nett.

Forthcoming volumes, in active preparation

LETTERS FROM A MAHRATTA CAMP, during the year 1809, by THOMAS DUER BROUGHTON. A
New Edition, with an introduction by the Right Honble. Sir MOUNTSTUART E. GRANT DUFF, G.C.S.I.,
F.R.S., Notes, Coloured and other Illustrations, and a Map. — In the Press.

HAND ATLAS OF INDIA, Physical, Political, and Statistical, with Plans of the Principal Cities. Pre-
pared by J. G. BARTHOLOMEW, on the basis of The Indian Government Surveys.

Other publications

STUDIES IN MOHAMMEDANISM, Historical and Doctrinal, with a chapter on Islam in England. By JOHN
J. POOL. WTith a Frontispiece and Index, pp. xvi. + 420. Cr. 8vo, full cloth. Price 6s.

An interesting survey — all the more readable, perhaps, on account of its informal and even discursive arrangement — of
Mussulman faith, practice, and history A conspicuous feature of Mr. Pool's work is the account of the Moslem propa-
ganda, which Mr. Quilliam, a Liverpool solicitor, is now prosecuting in that city It is tinged by no rancour or con-
tempt, and exhibits a conscientious endeavour to appreciate the Mohammedan standpoint. As a " popular text-book," dealing
with some of the most picturesque aspects of Islam, it deserves more than ordinary attention. — The Times.

Mr. Pool .... has done good service in publishing this popular exposition of the doctrines and real character of Islam.

So far as he errs at all, he errs on the side of too much leniency to Mohammedanism Mr. Pool's too favourable

account of the Moorish regime in Spain is the only part of his book that is open to serious question. The rest of the volume is
both readable and instructive. He has evidently studied Islam with great care, and he states his own views with exemplary
moderation. — The Spectator.

The chapter which gives information on this matter [Islam in Liverpool] is naturally the most interesting in the volume. . . .
As to the other parts of Mr. Pool's book it is difficult to speak too highly. His account of Mohammed and his system is fair
and full, abounding in all kinds of illustrative anecdote. — The Glasgow Herald.

E

4 Archibald Constable and Company's Publications

In the forty-one chapters of this volume the promise of the title is well kept, and every aspect of Islam faith and practice
is discussed in a clear, comprehensive, and interesting manner. — The Liverpool Ale re it ry.

These "Studies in Mohammedanism," are conspicuously fair. The writer is devotedly attached to Christianity, but he
frankly and gladly acknowledges that Mohammed was a man of extraordinary powers and gifts, and that the religion which
licars his name has done incalculable service to humanity in keeping the sublime truth of the unity of God before the eyes of
the non-Christian world steeped in polytheism. — The Bradford Observer.

THE HISTORY OF THE MOGHUL EMPERORS OF HINDUSTAN ILLUSTRATED r,\ THEIR COINS. By
STAN LEV LANE-POOLE. With a Map of Mediaeval India, showing the mints of the Muhammadan
Rulers, a Genealogical Tree of the Moghul Emperors, and Index. Svo, full buckram, pp. 188. The
impression for sale is strictly limited to 100 copies, numbered and signed. Price 8s. nett

Under preparation

Axcn;\r INDIA, its Invasion by Alexander the Great, as described by Arrian, (^. Curtius, Diodoros,
Plutarch, and Justin : Being Translations of such portions of the works of these and other classical
authors as describe Alexander's Campaigns in Afghanistan, the Panjdb, Sindh, Gedrosia, and Karmania.
With an Introduction, containing a Life of Alexander, copious Notes, Illustrations, Maps, and an
Index. By J..\V. MCCRINDLE, M.A., M.R.A.S., F.R.S.G.S.— In the Press.

THE PRESENT SITI/ATION IN CENTRAL ASIA; authorized translation of the work Antagonisimis
der Englischcn and Russischen Jnttrcsscn in Asicii, Wien 1890. Brought up to date, with a Map
embodying the latest information. — In the Press.

MT.MORIKS OF BOOK-, Arniou-, AN is, from the Life of a Publisher's Assistant.

15y the late JAMES G. BERTRAM. With a Portrait of Sir Walter Scott from an engraving by Lewis,
after the drawing by Geddes. — Shortly.

MI.MORI.M > OF THE DISRUPTION IN nn. SCOTTISH CHURCH, Historical, Financial, and Pictorial.
— Early next year.

THE Mi<; RATION OF SVMIIOI.S. |)\ Count GOBLET D'ALVII.I.I.A, Professor of the History of
Religions in the University of Brussels. An authorized translation, edited by Sir GEORGE BIRDWOOD,
M.D., K.C.I.E., C.S.I., LL.P., Officer of the Legion of Honour and of the French Academy. With five
full-page Plates and 139 Illustrations in the text. — Early next year.

Archibald Constable and Company's Publications 5

PREM SAGAR, or Ocean of Love. A new translation of Professor Eastwick's edition of the Hindi
text of Shri Lullu Lai Kavi. By FREDERIC PINCOTT, M.R.A.S., Author of the Hindi Manual, Editor
and Annotator of the Sakuntala in Hindi, and Translator of the Sanskrit Hitopadesa. With copious
notes, philological, mythological, and historical, emendations of faulty readings in the text, and explana-
tions of peculiar idioms. •

ENGLISH SETTLEMENTS IN INDO-CHINA. By J. CHAILLY-BERT. Authorized English translation,
with an Introduction, Maps, Notes, and an Index.

THE INDIAN MAGAZINE AND REVIEW. A publication which aims at interesting its readers in the
people of India, in then literature, their history, their art, and their customs; their various phases of
development, and particularly in their progress.

Published on the first of each month. Subscription, 53. per annum, in advance, post free; single
numbers, 6d., postage extra.

NORTH INDIAN NOTES AND QUERIES. A Monthly Periodical devoted to the systematic collection
of authentic notes and scraps of information regarding the country and the people. Edited by WILLIAM
CROOKE, B.A., Member Asiatic Society of Bengal and Folklore Society, Bengal Civil Service.

Subscription, xos. 6d. per annum, in advance, post free.

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