r HBBOSSBBBnmWwnt LIBRARY OF 1685- l©5e %^ CALIFORNIA STATE COMMISSION OF HORTICULTURE Injurious and Beneficial Insects Esslg 1915a:59 of California California Statb Printing Opfice Supplement to The Monthly BuUetin, State Commission of Horticulture, Vol. IV, No. 4, 1915. OFFICERS OF THE CALIFORNIA STATE COMMISSION OF HORTICULTURE. EXECUTIVE OFFICE. Capitol Building, Sacramento. A. J. COOK Commissioner GEO. P. WELDON Chief Deputy Commissioner E. J. VOSLER : Secretary MISS MAUDE HIETT Clerk MRS. N. ROTCHELL Stenographer O. W. NEWMAN Assistant INSECTARY DIVISION. Capitol Park, Sacramento. HARRY S. SMITH Superintendent HENRY L. VIERECK ; Assistant Superintendent E. J. BRANIGAN Field Deputy MRS. E. STEPHENS Stenographer QUARANTINE DIVISION. San Francisco Office: Room 11, Ferry Building. FREDERICK MASKEW - Chief Deputy Quarantine Officer GEO. COMPERE Chief Quarantine Inspector B. B. WHITNEY Quarantine Inspector L. A. WHITNEY Quarantine Inspector .\ RCHIE CHATTERLEY —Quarantine Inspector STEWART CHATTERLEY Quarantine Inspector MISS CLARE DUTTON Stenographer and Cleric Los Angeles Office: Floor 9, Hall of Records. A. S. HOYT Deputy Quarantine Officer C. H. VARY Quarantine Inspector LEE A. STRONG Quarantine Inspector San Diego Office: Court House. H. V. M. HALL - , Quarantine Inspector SUPPLEMENT THE MONTHLY BULLETIN CALIFORMA STATE COMMISSION OF HORTICULTURE INJURIOUS AND BENEFICIAL Insects of California (SECOND P]DITIOX) BY E. O. ESSIG Entered as second class matter, December 29, 1911, at the post office at Sacramento,- California, under the act of Jul7 16. 1894. FOREWORD. Insect devastation costs the United States millions of dollars annu- ally. California bears her full share, tAvo millions being a reasonable estimate. Wise and timely application of well-known remedies would save much of this constant loss. Mr. E. 0. Essig's signal success in the discovery and practice of control measures pointed him out as one fit to instruct the public as to the life histories of insects and the best methods to control their attacks. This led to the publication by the State Commission of Horticulture two years ago of "Injurious and Beneficial Insects of California." Anticipating a great demand for the book, a very large edition was issued. These anticipa- tions were greatly exceeded, and very soon the edition was wholly exhausted. Commendation of the work was most hearty and reached the Commission from all countries, far and near. The call for another edition was loud and general. The Commission is greatly pleased to heed this request in the present enlarged and improved edition, which it feels sure Avill be very heartily welcomed. A. J. COOK, State Commissioner of Horticulture. PREFACE. The second edition of "Injurious and Beneficial Insects of Cali- fornia" has been published at the request of Dr. A. J. Cook, State Commissioner of Horticulture, to meet the many demands for the first edition, which was exhausted soon after its appearance as Nos. 1 and 2, Vol. II, The Monthly Bulletin of the State Commission of Horticulture. January and February, 1913. Since that time the author has made many additions and corrections so that the present Avork is very much larger than the first. While the general scope of the publication is practically the same, many insects of minor importance have also been included, because of the demands upon the commissioner's office concerning them. Household insects and those attacking domestic animals are largely omitted, not because they are any less important than many that are included, but because time and space would not permit of the larger undertaking. The arrangement is systematic, following the classification of insects rather than of host plants so commonly used in recent works of economic entomology. This was done with the desire of making it possible for the reader to acquire a more comprehensive knowledge of the relationships of insects, which forms the basis of all real intel- ligent methods of control. The host plant index in the front permits one to readily follow out the host plant arrangement if so desired. The work is intended primarily for fruit growers and farmers and technicalities are avoided wherever not absolutely necessary, but it is hoped that entomologists may find it of some value also. The writer has drawn freely from all available sources of systematic and economic entomological literature and especially from the bulle- tins of the Bureau of Entomology, Ignited States Department of Agriculture, of the United States National Afuseum, of the California Agricultural Experiment Station and the agricultural experiment sta- tions of other states; from such publications as the Annals of the Entomological Society of America, The Journal of Economic Ento- mology, The Monthly Bulletin of the California State Commission of Horticulture, Entomological News, Canadian Entomologist, The Pomona College Journal of Entomology and Zoology, The Review of Applied Entomology, and publications of a similar nature; from such works on entomology as "Injurious Insects of the Orchard, Vineyard, Etc.," by :\IattheAv Cooke; "Insect Pests of Farm, Garden and Orchard," by E. Dwight Sanderson; "Biennial Crop Pest and Horticultural Report of the Oregon Agricultural College Experiment Station (report of the Department of Entomology), 1911-1912 and VJ PREFACE. 1915," by H. F. Wilson aud A. L. Lovett; "Guide to California Insects," by C. W. Woodworth; "Manual of Fruit Insects," by M. V. Slin^erland and C. R. Crosby: "Insects Injurious to Fruits," by W. Saunders; "Injurious Insects," by W. C. O'Kane, and many other works. The bibliography is largely included in the footnotes which are numbered consecutively throughout. All references are also indexed under the author's name in the general index. Five copies of the manuscript were prepared and sent to specialists with the request that the contents be severely criticised and such corrections and suggestions made as should be required to make the finished product accurate and reliable. Thus the entire copy has passed through the hands of many experts with the most gratifying results and is really the product of many workers. For the very valuable assistance rendered in this connection the author wishes to express his sincere appreciation and thanks; to the members of the California State Commission of Horticulture and especially to the commissioner, Dr. A. J. Cook, Avho has made the publication of both editions possible; to Mr. Geo. P. Weldon, chief deputy com- missioner; to Mr. Harry S. Smith, superintendent of the State Insee- tary, and to Mr. E. J. Vosler, secretary of the commission, for reading all of the manuscript and proof; to Mr. Vosler also for superin- tending the printing; to Prof. C. W. Woodworth, University of Cali- fornia, and Prof. R. W. Doane, Stanford University, for looking over the manuscript; to Dr. R. V. Chamberlin, Harvard University, for revising the Diplopoda, Symphyla and Chilopoda; to Mr. Geo. P. "Weldon also, for revising the Arachnida and the article on the fruit- tree leaf-roller; to Mr. Nathan Banks, United States Department of Agriculture, for revising the Arachnida and the Neiiroptera; to Mr. Paul R. Jones, San Francisco, Cal., for looking over the Thysanoptera and writing the methods of controlling the pear thrips (the scientific names of the thrips have been taken from the writings of Mr. J. D. Hood) ; to Prof. Lawrence Bruner, University of Nebraska, and Mr. A. N. Caudell, United States National ^Museum, for revising the Ortlioptera ; to Prof. R. W. Doane, Stanford University, and Mr. Geo. A. Coleman, University of California, for revising the Coccidce; to Prof. C. P. Gillette, Colorado Agricultural College, Mr. John Jun.'i Davis, United States Department of Agriculture, Prof. H. F. Wilson, Oregon Agricultural College, and Mr. W. M. Davidson, United States Department of Agriculture, for a very careful revision of the Aphididce; to Mr. E. P. Van Duzee, University of California, for looking over the Cicadidce, Memhracidce, Jassidce and Heteroptera (the recent works of Prof. A. L. Quaintance and Mr. A. C. Baker, United States Depart- ment of Agriculture, liave been followed in the classification of the Aleyrodidce) ; to Dr. Edwin C. Van Dyke, University of California, and Prof. H. C. Fall. Pasadena, Cal., for a very careful revision of the Coleoptera ; to Prof. J. M. Aldricli, United States Department of Agriculture, for revising the Diptera ; to Mr. W. M. Davidson also for looking over the Syrphidce ; to Mr. Harry S. Smith also for revising the H\jmfnoptera\ to Dr. Harrison G. Dyar and Mr. August Busck, United States National Museum, and Mr. Fordyce Grinnell, Jr., Pasa- dena, Cal., for revising the Lepidoptera (the classification of Dr. Geo. V. Hampson has been largely followed in the Lepidoptera, especially in the Noctuidca) ; to Mr. Geo. P. Gray, University of California, for revising the articles on spraying and fumigating ; to Mr. Leroy Childs, Oregon Agricultural College, for much assistance in gathering field notes and material when he was assistant secretary of the Commis- sion of Horticulture ; to Mr. S. H. Essig, horticultural inspector of Ventura County and l)rother of the author, especially for the many splendid specimens sent for illustrative purposes ; to Miss Maude Hiett, clerk of the State Commission of Horticulture, for assisting in reading the manuscript and proof, and to Mrs. Nellie Mitchell and Mrs. E. Stephens for their painstaking work in copying the manuscript. Unless otherwise designated, the illustrations were either drawn or photographed by the author and used in previous writings or here for the first time. The work was begun and largely finished while the author was a member of the State Commission of Horticulture, and, upon his transfer to the University of California, arrangements were made whereby he has been able to finish it with little or no interruption. The generosity of the University authorities in this connection is very greatly appreciated by the author and the State Commission of Horticulture. E. 0. Essig. Berkeley, California, May 1, 1915. CONTENTS. Page HOST INDEX xi GENERAL CLASSIFICATION 1 CRUSTACEA 2 ARACHNIDA 4 DIPLOPODA 18 SYMPHYLA 20 CHILOPODA 22 INSECTA OR HEXAPODA 24 NEUROPTERA 25 CORRODENTIA 28 Termitid.e 28 ORTHOPTERA 30 Gryllid^^s 30 locustid.e 32 acridiid.e 38 THYSANOPTERA 50 HEMIPTERA 59 HOMOPTERA 59 ClCADID^ 59 Membracid.e 61 Jassid^ 62 PSTLLID^ 66 APHIDIDiE 70 CocciD^ 107 Aleyrodid^ ^ 194 HETEROPTERA 199 Pentatomid^ 199 COREID^ 201 Lyg^id^ 207 Reduviid^ 210 Capsid^ 211 COLEOPTERA 216 Carabid^ 216 Coccinellid^ 219 ELATERIDiE 232 buprestid^ 233 scarab^id^ 240 Cerambycid.e 251 Chrysomelid^ 255 Bruchid^ 286 Tenebrionid^ 290 Meloid^ . 292 RHYNCOPHORA 294 X CONTENTS. Page DIPTERA 318 SybphiDxE 322 Tachinid^ 329 Anthomyid^ 331 Trypetid.e 340 Agromyzid^ 345 HYMENOPTERA 351 SiRICOIDEA 351 Tenthredinoidea 355 Parasitic Hymenoptera 361 LEPIDOPTERA 382 Sphingid^ 382 NocTUiD^ ■ 391 SPRAYS AND POISONS 463 ARSENICAL INSECTICIDES 4G3 Poison Baits 464 CONTACT INSECTICIDES 465 DUSTS 472 REPELLENTS 475 BANDS - 476 WHITEWASH 476 APPLICATION OF SPRAYS J 477 FUMIGATION 4S1 CARBON BISULFID 481 TOBACCO FUMES 482 HYDROCYANIC ACID GAS 482 COMMON NEMATODE OR POTATO EELWORM 493 INSECT COLLECTIONS 496 ERRATA 505 INDEX 507 HOST INDEX OF INSECTS DESCRIBED OR CITED. Abies — see Fir. Abutilon — see Flowering Maple and Indian Mallow. Acacia ( A ca da spp.) . Page Aspidistra scale, Hemichionaspis aspidistra; 171 Branch and twig-borer, Pohnaon confertus 239 Cottony cushion or fluted scale, Icerya purchasi 110 Fuller's rose beetle, Pantomorus fiiUeri 298 Greedy scale, Aspidiotus camelliw 175 Ivy or oleander scale, Aspidiotus hederce 176 Omnivorous looi>er, Sahitlodes caherata 419 Orange Tortrix, Tortrioo citrana 442 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus 179 Pineapple scale, Diaspis bromeliw 166 Red scale. Chrysomphahts aurantii 183 Tricolored Xylopertha, Xylopittha suturuh' 23;) Xylopertha declive 2.39 Acer — see Maple. Achillea — see YaiTow. Achyrantes {Iresine spp.). Fuller's rose beetle, Pantomorus fulleri 298 Actinidia {Actinidia sp.). Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus pprniciosus 179 Adenostoma fasciculatum — see Greasewood. ^-Egopodium podagraria — see Goutweed. JEsculus — see Buckeye and Horse-chestnut. Agaricus cam pest ris — see Mushroom. Agathis {Agathis spp.). Golden mealy bug, Pseudococcus aurilanatus 125 Agave — see Aloe. Ageratum (Ageratnm sp.). Greenhouse Orthezia, Orthezia insignis 112 Greenhouse white fly, Asterochiton vaporariorum 198 Agoseris {Agoseris spp.) Iris white fly, Aleyrodes spirceoides 196 Hessian fly, Phytopliaga destructor 322 Agropyron — see Quack grass and Wheat grass. Agrostis {Agrostis sp.) — see also red-top grass. Hessian fly, Phytopliaga destructor 322 Ailanthus glandulosa — see Tree of Heaven. Akebia (Alcebia sp.). Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus 179 Alder {Alnus spp.). Alder flea-beetle, Haltica bimarginata 266 Cottony maple or vine scale, Pulvinaria vitis 135 European fruit-tree scale, Aspidiotus ostrewformis 179 Lintner's scale, Chionaspis lintneri 159 Malacosoma pluvialis 411 Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphes ulmi 190 Omnivorous looper, Sabulodes caberata 419 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus 179 Alder, White or Sweet Pepper Birch (Clethra alnifolia) . Scurfy scale, Chionaspis furfura 158 Alfalfa {Medicago sativa) Alfalfa caterpillar, Eurymus eurytheme 459 Alfalfa crane fly, Tipula simplex 319 Alfalfa semi-looper, Phytometra calif arnica 395 Xll HOST INDEX. Alfalfa— (Continued). Page Apple leaf-hopper, Empoasca mali 63 Armyworm, Cirphis unipuncta 396 Bean thrips, Heliothrips fasciatus 52 Bur clover or cowpea aphis, ApJds medicaginis 90 Clover-apple aphis. Aphis bakeri 88 Clover seed chalcis, Bruchophagus pmchris 368 Corn ear-worm, Chloridca obsoleta 397 Cottony cushion or fluted scale, Icerya purchasi 110 Destructive pea aphis, Macrosiphum pisi 104 Devastating grasshopper, Melanophts devastator 45 Differential grasshopper, Melanoplus differentialis 46 False chinch bug, Nysius ericw 207 Fruit-tree leaf-roller, Archips argyrospila 439 Grape leaf-hopper, Erythroneura comes 65 Lesser migratory grasshopper, Melanoplus atlanis 43 Long-legged grasshopper, Clinopleura melanopleura 34 Obscure 12-spotted cucumber beetle, Diabrotica 12-punctata tenella 273 Pale-winged grasshopper, Melanoplus uniformis 47 Pellucid grasshopper, Camnula pellucida 43 Red-legged grasshopper, Melanoplus femur-rubrmn 46 Red-shouldered plant-bug, Thyanta custator 200 Red spider, Bryobia pratensis 14 Serpentine leaf-miner, Agromyza pusilla 345 Sugar-beet wireworm, Linioidus californiciis 233 Tarnished plant-bug, Lygiis pratensis 212 12-spotted cucumber beetle, Diabrotica 12-punctata 272 Two-striped grasshopper, Melanoplus bivittatus 44 Western armyworm, Euxoa agrestis 398 Western 12-spotted cucumber beetle, Diabrotica soror 271 Wheat thrips, Franlcliniella tritici 51 Valley grasshopper, (Edalconotus enigma , 48 Variegated cutworm, Lycophotia margaritosa 401 Yellow bear caterpillar, Diacrisia virginica 390 Yellow-striped armyworm, Prodenia prwfica 402 Allamanda (Allamanda neriifolia) . Citrus white fly, Dialeurodes citri 196 Allium cepa — see Onion. Almond (Prunus amygdalus) . Adaleres, Adalcres ovipennis 296 Black fruit-tree weevil, MagdaUs gracilis 302 Black peach aphis. Aphis persicw-niger 92 Black scale, Saissetia olew 1.54 Branch and twig-borer, Polycaon conferttis 239 California peach borer, JEgeria opalescens 424 California tussock moth, Hemerocampa vetusta 409 Devastating grasshopper, Melanoplus devastator 45 Greedy scale, Aspidtotus camellice 175 Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphes ulmi 190 Peach twig-borer, Anarsia lineatella 445 Pear thrips, Twniothrips pyri 57 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus 179 Polycaon stoutii 238 Red spider, Bryobia pratensis 14 Small gray leaf-weevil, Thricolepis inornata 300 Tobacco flea-beetle, Epitrix parvula 262 Two-spotted mite, Tetranychus telarius IG Western striped cucumber beetle, Diabrotica trivittata 274 Two-striped leaf-beetle, Luperodes bivittatus 277 HOST INDEX. Xlll Almond, Flowering {Frunus japonica). Page Cottony cushion or fluted scale, Icerya purchasi 110 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus 179 Alnvs — see Alder. Aloe (Aloe spp. and Agave spp.). Hemispherical scale, Saissetia hemisphwrica 151 Ivy or oleander scale, Aspidiotus hederw 176 Red scale, Chrysomphalus atirantii 183 Soft brown scale, Coccus hesperidum 143 Alopvcurus pmtcnsis — see Fox-tail grass. Althaa rotica — see Hollyhock. Althaa ofpcinaJis — see Hibiscus and Marsh Mallow. Alyssum, Sweet {Alyssum maritimum) . Imported cabbage worm, Pontia rapw 457 Amaranthus — see Pigweed. Amaryllis (Amaryllis spp.). Narcissus bulb-fly, Merodon equestris 325 Amhrosia — see Ragweed and Wormwood. AmelancJiier — see Juneberry and Shad-bush. Amorpha- — see False Indigo. Ampelopsis — see Boston Ivy and Virginia Creeper. Amsinckia (Amsinckia spp.). Clover-apple aphis. Aphis hakeri 88 Green peach aphis, Rhopalosiphum persicw 98 Lesser black plant-bug, Irbisia sericans 214 Thistle butterfly, Vanessa cardui 462 AtuDias sativus — see Pineapple. Andromeda (Andromeda spp.). Florida wax scale, Ceroplastes floridensis 138 Angelica (Angelica spp.). Parsnip plant louse, Siphocoryne caprew 100 Anise, Wild (Garum kelloggii) . California parsley caterpillar, Papilio zolicaon 455 Annona reticulata — see Custard Apple. Anthemis — see Chamomile. Anthurium (Anthurium spp.). European Fiorinia, Fiorinia fioriniw 172 Florida way scale, Ceroplastes floridensis 1,88 Aiithirrhinum — see Snapdragon. Antidesma (Antidesma sp.). Black scale, Saissetia olew 154 Apium graveolens — see Celery. Apocynum — see Dogbane. Apple (Pyrus malus). Apple leaf-hopper, Empoasca mali 03 Armyworm, Cirphis tmipuncta 390 Baker's mealy bug, Pseudococcus hakeri 126 Beet ai-myworm, Laphygma flavlmuculata 400 Black fruit-tree weevil, Magdalis gracilis 302 Black scale, Saissetia oleoe 154 Box-elder plant-bug, Leptocoris trivittatns 205 Branch and twig-borer, Polycaon confertus 239 Bronze apple-tree weevil, Magdalis wnescens 301 Buffalo tree-hopper, Ceresa iuialus 62 Bur clover or cowpea aphis, Aphis medicaginis 90 California peach borer, Aigeria opaleseens . 424 California Prionus, Prionns californicus 252 California tent caterpillar, Malacosoma californica 411 California tussock moth, Hemerocampa vetusta 409 XIV HOST INDEX. Apple— (Continued). Page Citrus red spider, Tetranychus mytilaspidis 15 Clover-apple aphis, Aphis bakeri 88 Codlin-moth, Cydia pomonella 437 Cottony cushion or fluted scale, Icerya purchasi 110 Cottony maple or vine scale, Pulvinaria vitis 135 Devastating grasshopper, Melanoplus devastator 45 European fruit Lecanium, Lecanium corni 146 European fruit-tree scale, Aspidiotus ostrcwformu 179 European or Italian pear scale, Epidiaspis piricola 172 Eall cankerworm, Alsophila pometaria 415 False chinch bug, Nysius ericw 207 Flat-headed apple-tree borer, Chrysohothris femorata 236 Florida wax scale, Ceroplastcs floridensis 138 Forest teut-caterpillar, Malacosoma disstria 412 Frosted scale, Lecanium pruinosum 151 Fruit-tree leaf-roller, Archips argyrospila 439 Fruit-tree Pulvinaria, Pulvinaria amygdali 135 Fruit-tree sericas, Serica spp 250 Fruit-tree leaf Syneta, Syneta albida 284 Gloomy scale, Chrysomphalus teneiricosiis 186 Greedy scale, Aspidiotus camelliw 175 Green apple aphis. Aphis pomi 94 Hairy Phobetus, Phohetus comatus 247 Lesser shot-hole borer, Xylehorus xylographus 314 Malacosoma pluvialis 411 Oat aphis, Aphis aveiue 87 Oblique-banded leaf-roller, Archips rosaceana 441 Oyster-shell scale, Lepldosaphes nlmi 190 Pear-leaf blister-mite, Eriophyes pyri 8 Pear-leaf rust mite, Epitrimerus pyri 12 Pear Psylla, Psylla pyricola 67 Pear thrips, Tceniothrips pyri 57 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus 179 Potato flea-beetle, Epitrix ciicumeris 261 Putnam's scale, Aspidiotus ancylus 174 Red-humped caterpillar, Schisura concinna 407 Red scale, Chrysomphalus aurantii 183 Red spider, Bryoiia pratensis 12 Rose leaf-hopper, Empoa rosw 62 Rosy apple aphis, Aphis sorii 96 Rusty or antique tussock moth, Notolophus antiqua 411 Scurfy scale, Chionaspis furfura 158 Shot-hole borer or fruit-tree bark-beetle, Eccoptogaster rugulosus 311 Small darkling ground beetle, Eurymetopon bicolor 292 Snowy tree-cricket, CEcanthus niveus 32 Soft brown scale. Coccus hesperidum 143 Spotted root fly, Euxesta notata 340 Spring cankerworm, Paleacrita vernata 417 Tarnished plant-bug, Lygus pratensis 212 Two-spotted mite, Tetranychus telarius 16 Variegated cutworm, Lycophotia margaritosa 401 Walnut scale, Aspidiotus juglans-rcgiw 178 Western striped cucumber beetle, Diabrotica trivittata 274 White bud-weevil, Eupagoderes mortivallis 297 White-lined sphinx. Cclerio lineata 383 Woolly apple aphis, Eriosoma lanigera 80 Yollow-necked apple caterpillar, Datana ministra 406 HOST INDEX. XV Apple, Crab {Pyriis baccata) . Page Clover-apple aphis, Aphis bakeri 88 Codlin-moth, Cydia pomonella ; 437 Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphes uhni 190 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus pemiciosus 179 Scurfy scale, Chionaspis furfura 158 Apple. Flowering Crab — see Chokeberry. Apple, Custard {Amiona reticulata). Florida wax scale, Ceroplastes florideitsis 138 Apple, Thorn — see Jimpson Weed. Apricot {Prunus anncniaca) . Apricot leaf-weevil, Paraptochus sellatus 299 Black fruit-tree weevil, Magdalis gracilis 302 Black scale, Saissetia olece 154 Branch and twig-borer, Polycaon confertus 239 California peach borer, Mgeria opalescens 424 Cherry fruit sawfly, Hoplocampa cookei 359 Citrus thrips, Scirtothrips citri 55 Common termite, Termcs lucifugus 29 Cottony cushion or fluted scale, Icerya purchasi 110 Destructive Eleodes, Eleodes omissa borealis 291 Devastating grasshopper, Melanoplus devastator 45 European fruit Lecanium, Lecaniiim corni 14G European fruit-tree scale, Aspidiotus ostrewformis 179 Fall cankerworm, Alsophila pomctaria 415 Flat-headed apple-tree borer, Chrysobothris femorata 236 Frosted scale, Lecanium pruinosum 151 Fruit-tree leaf-roller, Archips argyrospila 439 Fruit-tree sericas, Serica spp 250 Fuller's rose beetle, Pantomorus fulleri 298 Green peach aphis, Rhopalosiphum persicw 98 Lesser shot-hole borer, Xyleborus xylographus 314 Oblique-banded leaf-roller, Archips rosaccana 441 Orange Tortrix, Tortrix citraiia 442 Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphes ulmi 190 Peach tree borer, JEgeria exitiosa 421 Peach twig-borer, Anarsia lineatella 445 Pear thrips, Tcenlothrips pyri . 57 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus pemiciosus 179 Putnam's scale, Aspidiotus ancylus 174 Red-humped caterpillar, Schizura concinna 407 Red spider, Bryobia pratensis 14 Shot-hole borer or fruit-tree bark-beetle, Eccoptogaster rugulosns 311 Small darkling ground beetle, Eurymetopon bicolor 292 Social scarabaeid, Canotiycha socialis 241 Soft brown scale. Coccus hesperidum 143 Spring cankerworm, Paleacrita vernata 417 Two-striped leaf-beetle, Lupcrodcs bivitiattis 277 Walnut scale, Aspidiotus juglans-regiw 178 Western twig-borer, Apate punctipennis 238 Western striped cucumber beetle, Diabrotica trivittata 274 Westei-n 12-spotted cucumber beetle, Diabrotica soror 271 Yellow-necked apple caterpillar, Datana ministra 40tj Aquilegia — see Columbine. Arabis — see Rock Cress. Arachis hypogwa — see Peanut. Aralia nudicaulis — see Sarsaparilla. Xvi HOST INDEX. Araucaria, Bidwill's {Araucaria hidunllii) — also see Norfolk Island Pine and Monkey Puzzler. Paoe Araucaria Eriococcns, Eriococciis araitcarue 121 Black araucaria scale, Chrysomphalus rossi 185 Florida red scale, Chri/soinphalns aonidum 181 Golden mealy bug, Pseudococcus aurilanatus 125 Arborvitae {Thuya occidentalis) . Arborvitifi plant louse, Lachnus tujafilinvs 80 Juniper scale, Diasins carueli 167 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus 179 Two-spotted mite, Tetranychus telarius 16 Arhutus mciizeisii — see Madrone. Arbutus, Trailing {Epigwa repens) . Potato flea-beetle, Epitrix ciicumcris 2(il Arctium lappa — see Burdock. Arctostaphylos — see Manzanita. Areca — see Betel Nut. Arrhenathcrum avenaceum — see Oat Grass. Arrow-wood {Vihurnum sp.) — also see Snowball. Lintner's scale, CMonaspis lintneri 159 Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphes ulmi 190 Artemisia (Artemisia sp.) — also see California Sage. Black araucaria scale, Chrysomphahis rossi 185 Artichoke, Globe (Cynara scolymus) . Clover-apple aphis, Aphis hakeri 88 Artocurpiis — see Bread-fruit. Aruncus Sylvester — see Goat's-beard. Arundinaria — see Bamboo. Asclepias — see Milkweed. Ash {Fraxinus spp.). European fruit Lecanium, Lecanium corni 146 Flat-headed apple-tree borer, Chrysohothris femorata 236 Oblique-bandod leaf-i'oller, Archips rosaceana 441 Oystei'-shell scale, Lepidosaphes ulmi 190 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus 179 Potato flea-beetle, Epitrix cucumeris 261 Putnam's scale, Aspidiotus ancylus 174 Soft brown scale, Coccus hcsperidiim 143 Two-spotted mite, 'Tetranychus telarius , 16 Ash, Green (Fraxinus lanceolata). Citrus white fly, Dialeurodes citri 196 Ash, Mountain (tSorhvs spp.) — also see American and European Mountain Ash. Black scale, i^aissctia olcw 154 Cottony maple or vine scale, Pulvincria vitis 136 Flat-headed apple-tree borer, Chrysohothris femorata 236 Frosted scale, Lecanium pruinosum 151 Pear or cherry slug, Caliroa cerasi 357 Rosy apple aphis. Aphis sorhi 96 Shot-hole borer or fruit-tree bark-beetle, Eccoptogaster rugulosus 311 Ash, American Mountain {Sorhus americana) . Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphes ulmi 190 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus 179 Scurfy scale, Chionaspis furfura 158 Ash, European Mountain (Sorhus aucuparia) . Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphes ulmi 190 Pear-leaf blister-mite, Eriophycs pyri 8 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus 179 Scurfy scale, Chionaspis furfura 158 HOST INDKX. XVll Ash, Prickly (Xanthod-ijlum spy.)- Page Citrus white fly, Dialcurodes citri 196 Scurfy scale, Chionasiris furfiira IHS AValuut sealo, .1.s-/>(V/(o/h.s jiii/li/iia-rrf/iir ITS Ash, White {Fruj-iiiiis luiicricdnd ) . Scurfy scale, ('liioitusi)id furfuru 158 Waluut scale, Aspidiotiis jiiyluns-rcrjiiP 178 Asparagus, Esculent (Asparagus offrcinaUs) . Asparagus miner, Agromyza simplex 347 Common asparagus beetle, Criocerls asparagi 268 Harlequin cabbage bug, Murgantia histrionica 201 Lima bean symphylid, Scutigerella californica 21 Orange Tortrix, Tortrix citrana 442 Yellow bear caterpillar, Diacrisia virginica 390 Asparagus Ferns (Asparagus plumosus and A. sprengeri) . Hemispherical scale, Saissetia hemisphoerica 151 Ivy or oleander scale, Aspidiotus hcderw 176 Melon aphis, Aphis gossijpii 90 Aspen (Pvpuhis tremuloidcs) . European fruit-tree scale, Aspidiotus ostrcaformis 179 Oyster-shell scale, Lcpidosaphes ulini 190 Poplar-stem gall-louse, Peinphigns popuIicauUs- 76 Red-humped caterpillar, Scliizura conciniw 407 Aspen, Long-toothed (Populus grandidcutata) . Scurfy scale. Vhionaspis furfura 158 Aspidistra (A.'ima bean sj'mphylid, Scutigcrella caUfornica 21 Lima bean pod-borer, EticUa zinckcnella 434 Oblique-banded leaf-roller, Archips rosaceana 441 Pacific banded flea-beetle, Systena tceniata ligata 285 Pale-striped flea-beetle, {^ystena bhmda 285 IH'^>1 l.\l)l,\. MX Bean — (Continued). Pagk Potato flea-beetle, hJpitria; cHtuiiuris 261 Soed-coru maggot, Phorbia fiisriccps 334 Sugar-beet wirewoi-m, Limoninn califoniiciis 233 Thistle butterfly, ]'anessa vardtii 462 Twelve-spotted cucumber beetle, Diahrotica 12-punctuta 272 Two-spotted mite, Tctraiiy chits tdariiis 10 Variegated cutworm, Lycophotia margaritosa 401 Western potato flea-beetle. Epitrix siihcriuita 204 Western striped cucumber beetle, Diahrotica trivitiata 274 Western 12-spotted cucumber beetle, Diahrotica soror : 271 Yellow bear caterpillar, Diacrisia virgiiiicu 390 Bean, Broad, English Dwarf, Horse, Tick, Windsor (Vicia faha). Broad-bean weevil, Bruchus rufimanus 290 Bean, Castor {Kicinus comiiiiinia) . Beau aphis, Aphis riimicis 94 Cottony cushion or fluted scale, Icerya purchasi 110 Two-spotted mite, Tetranychvs ielarius 10 Bean, Soja {Qhjcine hispida) . Alfalfa caterpillar, Eiiryiniis ciirythcme 4r)9 Beech {Fayitu spp.). Black scale, ISaissetia olew ; ir)4 Cottony maple or vine scale, Puhnnaria litis 135 Flat-headed apple-tree borer, Chrysohothris femorata 230 Grape leaf-hopper, Erythroiiciira comes 05 Lesser shot-hole borer, Xyleborus xylographus 314 Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphes iilmi 190 Pernicious cr Sau Jose scale, Aspidiotiis perniciosiis 179 Putnam's scale, Aspidiotus aiicylus 174 Beet, Common and Sugar {Beta vulgaris). Apple leaf-hopper, Empoasca mail _^ 03 Beau thrips, Heliothrips fasciatus 02 Beet armyworm, Laphygma fiavimacuiata 400 Beet carrion beetle, Silpha opaca 219 Beet leaf-hopper, Eutettix tenella . 64 Beet or spinach leaf-miner, Pegomyia vicina 333 Beet root aphis, Pemphigus hetce 70 Differential grasshopper. Melaiioplus differcntialis 46 Harlequin cabbage bug, Murgantia histrioiiica 201 Hop flea-beetle, PsyUiodes punctulata 280 Large black blister beetle, Lytta insperata 293 Limonias catius 232 Limonius infuncatus ■ 232' Melon aphis. Aphis gossypii 90 Minute false chinch bug, JS^ysius cricw iniinttus 208 Muck or carrot beetle, Ligyrus gihhosus 246 Pacific banded flea-beetle, Systena twniata ligata 285 Pale-striped flea-beetle, Systena hlanda 285 Pale-winged grasshopper, Mclanoplus uniformis 47 Pellucid grasshopper, GamnuJa pellucida 43 Potato flea-beetle, Epitrix cucumeris . 2t>l Seed-corn maggot, Phorhia fusciccps 334 Serpentine leaf-miner, Agromyza pusilla 340 Spotted blister beetle, Epicauta macuJatu ^ : 292 Spotted root fly, Euxesta notata 341) Sugar-beet wireworm, Limonius califoriiicus 23.'J Sugar-beet leaf-beetle, Monoxia puncticoUis 279 'i'wo-spotted mite. Trtranychns trhirins 16 XX HOST INDEX. Beet — ( Continued ) . Tage Variegated cutworm, Li/cophotia margaritosa 401 Western armyworm, Euxoa agrestis 39S Western beet leaf-beetle, Monoxia conspula 278 Western cabbage flea-beetle. Phyllotreta pusiUa 281 Western striped cucumber beetle, Diabrotica trivittata 274 Western 12-spotted cucumber beetle, Diabrotica soror 271 White-lined sphinx, Cclerio lincata 384 Yellow bear caterpillar, Diacrisia virginica 390 Begonia ( Begonia sp.) . Citrus mealy bug, Pseudococciis citri 128 Florida red scale, Chnjsomphalus aonidum 181 Fuller's rose beetle, Paniomorus fulleri 298 Greenhouse thrips, Heliothrips luemorrhoidalis 54 Greenhouse white fly, Asterochiton vaporariorum 198 Long-tailed mealy bug, Pseudococciis longispinns 131 Melon aphis. Aphis gossypii 90 Bellflower (Campanula spp.) Serpentine leaf-miner, Agrouujza pusilla 346 BeUis perennis — see Daisy. Benzoin wstirale — see Spice Bush. Berberis — sec Barberry. Beta — see Beet. Betel nut (Areca sp.). Aspidisti'a scale, Heniiehioiiapsis aspidistrce 171 European Fioriuia, Fioriniu fioriniw 172 Ivy or oleander scale, Aspidiotus hederw 176 Tessellated or palm scale, Eucalgmnatus tessellatus 140 Betula — see Birch. Bidens — sec Bur-marigold. Bignonia {Bignonia sp.). Citrus mealy bug, Pseudococcus citri 128 (Treenhouse Orthezia, Orthezia insignis 112 Hemispherical scale, Saissctia hemisphwrica 151 Big Root — see Man Root. Billberry {Vaccinium sp. ) — also see Cranberry. Oak Eriococcus, Eriococcus quercus 122 Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphes ulmi 190 Potato flea-beetle, Epitrix cucumeris 261 Billbergia {Billbcrgixi zvbrina) . Pineapple scale, Diaspi,i- hromcUce 166 Bindweed — see Morning-glory. Biola {Biola orientalis) . Juniper scale, Diaspis carucli 167 Birch {Betula spp.). Apple leaf-hopper, Empoasca mali 63 Frosted scale, Lecanium pruinosum 151 Mourning cloak butterfly, Euvanessa antiopa^- 461 Oblique-banded leaf-roller, Archips rosaceana 441 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus 179 Two-spotted mite, Tetranychns tclarius 16 Birch, River {Betula nigra). Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphes ulmi 190 Birch, White {Betula populifolia) . European fruit-tree scale, Aspidiotus ostrewformis 179 Lintner's scale, Chionaspis lintneri 159 O.yster-shell scale, Lepidosaphes ulmi 190 Birch. Yellow or Gray {Betula lutea) . Oblique-banded leaf-roller, Archips rosaceana 441 ]108T INDEX. XXI Bird of Paradise Flower {StrcUtzia spp.)- Page Citrus mealy bug, Pseiidococcus citri 128 Greedy scale, Aspidiotus camellice 175 Long-tailed mealy bug, Pseiidococcus longispinus 131 Bitternut {Ctinja cordiformis) . Little hickory aphis, Monellia caryeUa 82 Bittersweet {t^olaniim dulcamara). Goldeu tortoise beetle, Coptocijcla hicolor 259 Oyster-sholl scale, Lepidosaphes nlml 190 Bittersweet, False {Celastrus scandens) . Euouymus scale, Chionaspis euonymi 157 Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphes ttlmi 190 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus 179 Blackberry (Ruhus spp.). Apple leaf-hopper, Einpoauva muJi : 63 Blue sharpshooter, TcttigonieUa circellata 66 California Prionus, Prionus californicus 252 California tree-cricket, CEcanthus californicus 31 Cottony maple or vine scale, Pulvinaria vitis 135 European fruit Lecanium, Lecanium, corni 146 Fuller's rose beetle, Pantomorus fullcri 298 Grape leaf-hopper, Erythronctira comes 65 Greenhouse white fly, Astcrochiton vaporariorum 198 Oblique-banded leaf-roller, Archips rosaceana 441 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus 179 Pubescent Hoplia. HopUu puhcscens 243 Raspberry horntail, Tiartifiid crcssoni 354 Red-humped caterpillar, Scliizura concinna 407 Red and yellow leaf-beetle, Cryptocephalus castaneus 269 Rose scale, Aulacaspis rosie 170 Raspberry crown moth, JEgeria rutilans 425 Two-spotted mite, Tetranychus telarius 16 Yellow bear caterpillar, Diacrisia virginica 390 Yellow-necked apple caterpillar, Datana niiiiistra 406 Blackthorn {Prunus spinosa) . Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphes tilmi 190 Blackwood, Australian {Acacia melanoxylon) — also see Acacia. Aspidistra scale, Hemichionaspis aspidistrw 171 Cottony cushion or fluted scale, Icerya purcluisi 110 Bladder Nut {^taphylea spp.). Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphes ulmi 190 Putnam's scale, Aspidiotus ancylus 174 Blueberry — see Billberry and Cranberry. Bottle-brush (CalUstcmon lanceolatus) . Citrus mealy bug, Pseudococcus citri 128 Bouvardia {Bouvardia sp.). Citrus mealy bug, Pseudococcus citri 128 Two-spotted mite, Tetranychus telarius 16 Box-elder {Negundo aceroidcs) . Apple leaf-hopper, Empoasca mali 63 Box-elder plant-bug, Leptocoris trivittatus 205 Cottony maple or vine scale, Pulvinaria vitis 135 Flat-headed apple-tree borer, Chrysobothris femorata 236 Oblique-banded leaf-roller, Archips rosaceana 441 Omnivorous locper. Sabulodcs cahcrata 419 Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphes ulmi 190 I'utnam's scale, Aspidiotus ancylus . 174 Red scale, Chrysomphalus auruntii 183 Soft brown scale, Coccus hcsperidum 143 Walnut scale, Aspidiotus juglans-regice 178 XXll H08T INDEX. Boxwood or Box Tree (Buxiis spp.). Page Cottouj' cushion or fluted scale, Icerya purchasi 110 Cottonj^ maple or vine scale, Pnlvinaria vitis 135 Ivy or oleander scale, Aspidiotus hederw 176 Oyster-shell scale, Lcpidosaphes ulmi 100 Red scale, C'hnjsompJuilus aurantU 1S3 Brassictt — see Cabbage, Kohl-rabi, Mustard, Rape, Rutabaga, Turnip, etc. Bread-fruit {ArtocarpuH sp.). Red scale, Chrysoinphahis aiirontii 183 Bromrlla — see Pinguin. Bromiis — see Brome Grass. Cheat, Upright Chess and Rescus Grass. Broccoli — see Cabbage. Broom {Cijtisus sp.). Oyster-sholl scale, L;:pidosaphcs iilrni 190 Broom, Butcher's (Rusciis spp.) Ivy or oleander scale, Aspidiotus hederw 170 Laurel scale, Aspidiotus hritannicus 174 Broom, Chapparal (Baccharis pihtlaris). Greedy scale, Aspidiotus camelliw 17-") Brussel's Sprouts — see Cabbage. Buck Brush {Ccunothus cuneatus). Greedy scale, Aspidiotus camelliw 175 Buckeye, California {^^sculus calif ornicus) . Apple leaf-hopper, Empoasca mali 63 Baker's mealy bug, Pseudococcus hakeri 120 California bucke.ve scale, Aspidiotus cesculi 173 Cottony maple or vine scale, Pulvinaria vitis . 135 Iris white fly, Aleyrodes spineoides 106 Oak twig-girdler, Agrilus politus . 234 Omnivorous looper. Hahulodes cahcrata 410 Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphcs ulmi 190 Spotted tree-borer, Hyuaphwta (jue.vi 253 Two-striped leaf-beetle, Lupcrodes hirittatus 277 Buckthorn (Rhamtuts spp.). Apple leaf-hopper, Empoasca mali 63 Black scale, Saissctia olew ^ 154 Ivy or oleander scale, Aspidiotus hederw 176 Melon aphis. Aphis yossypii 90 Oyster-shell scale, Lspidosaphes ulmi 190 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus 179 Scurfy scale, Chionaspis furfura 158 Buckwheat {Fagopyrum esculentum) . Apple leaf-hopper, Empoasca mali 63 Red spider, Bryohia pratensis 14 White lined sphinx, Celerio linrata 3.84 Bulrush iScirpus sp.). Twelve-spotted cucumber beetle, Diahrotica 12-pnnctata 272 Burdock (Arctium lappa). Grape leaf-hopper, Erythroneura comes 65 Oat aphis, Aphis avenw 87 Oblique-banded leaf-roller, Archips rosaceana 441 Bur- Marigold (i?if/e(is spp.). Bean thrips, H cliothrips fasciatus 52 Red scale, Chrysomphalus aurantii 18:! Burgmansia {Burgmanski sp.). Striped datura beetle, Lema nigrovittata 277 Bursa Bursa-pastoris — see Shepherd's Purse. HOST INDKX. XXlli Butternut or White Walnut (Jiic/hin.s' cincrcd). Pack Cottonwood scale, Chionaspis ortholohis 160 Oyster-shell scale, Lcpidosaphcs ulmi 1!K) Buttonbush (CcphdJnnthii.^ occidintalis) . Pear 01- cherry slug:, Galiroa cerusi H~)7 IV-ruicious or Sau Jose scale, AftpidiofiiK ppmicioxiis 17!» Biixiis — see Boxwood. Cabbage {Brassica olcracea) . Alfalfa semi-looper, Phutomctni califoniicu 39") Armyworm, Cirphis iiiiiptiiicta 39G Cabbage aphis, Aphis brassic(e S9 Corn ear-worm, Chloridea ohsoleta 397 Drosophila apicata 343 False chinch bug, Xysiiis erica 207 Greasy cutworm, Agrotis ypsilon 394 Green peach aphis, Rhopalosiphiim pcrsiciv 98 Harlequin cabbage bug, Miirpantia Mstrionica 201 Hop flea-beetle, Psylliodcs punctidata 280 Imported cabbage worm, Pontia rapw 4o7 Milliped, Jiihis lurciis 19 Onion thrips, Thrips tahaci ."iO Potato flea-beetle, Epitrix cuciimeris 201 Seed-corn maggot, Phorbia ftisciceps 334 Serpentine leaf-miner. Agromyza pusiJIa 340 Southern cabbage butterfly, Pontia protodice 45.5 Spotted root fly, Euxcsta notata .340 Striped turnip flea-beetle, Phijllotreta vittata 283 Variegated cutworm, Lycophotia margaritosa 401 Western armyworm, Euxoa agrestis 398 Western cabbage flea-beetle, PhyUotreta pusilla 281 Western flea-beetle, Hemiglyptiis hasalis 200 Western radish maggot, Phoriia planipalpis .338 Western 12-spotted cucumber beetle, Dlabrotica soror 271 Cdcfiis — see Cereus, Echinocactus and Opuntia. Cactus, Lobster {EpiphyUiim sp.). Long-tailed mealy bug, Pseudococcus longisplnus 131 Cnjfums indicus — see Pigeon Pea. Vahimns — see Rattan Palm. Calandula officinalis — see Marigold. Calico Bush or Spoon -wood (Kalmia laiifolia) . Strawberry flea-beetle, Haltica ignita 207 Calla (Zantcdiscliia sp. ). Greenhouse thrips, Heliothrips hwmorrhoidalis .54 Long-tailed mealy bug, Pseudococcus longispinMS 131 Two-spotted mite, Tefraiiychus telarius 10 CalUstemon lanceolatus — see Bottle-brush. CaUinia vulgaris — see Heather. Camellia (Camellia spY).) . Black citrus plant louse, Toxoptera auraittiie 78 Black scale, Saissetia olew 1.54 European Fiorinia, Fiorinia fioriniw l 172 Florida red scale, Chrysomphalus aonidum 181 Fuller's rose beetle, Paiifoinorus fulleri 298 ■ Greedy scale, Aspidiotus camelliw 175 Hemispherical scale, Saissetia hemisphwrica 151 Ivy or oleander scale, Aspidiotus hederce 175 Japanese or Mexican wax scale, Cerophstes ceriferus 137 Oyster-shell scale, Lcpidosaphcs ulmi 190 Parlatoria pergandii camelliw 192, 193 Soft brown scale, Coccus hesperidum 143 XXIV HOST INDEX. Campanula — see Bellflower. Camphor Tree (Cinnamomiim camphora). Page Florida red scale, Ghrysomphalus aonidum 181 Greedy scale, Aspidiotus camellice 175 Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphes ulmi 190 Canaigre {Rumex hymenosepalous) . Apple leaf-hopper, Empoasca tnali 63 Green dock beetle, Gastroidea cyanea 275 Canna {Caiuia spp.)- Fuller's rose beetle, Pantomorus ftilleri 298 Pineapple scale, Diaspis hromelixe 166 Yellow bear caterpillar, Diacrisia virginica 390 ('annabis sativa — see Hemp. Cantaloupe — see Muskmelon. Capriola dactylon — see Bermuda Grass. Capsicum — see Pepper. Caragana arhorcscens — see Pea Tree. Caraway iCarum carvi) . Parsnip plant louse, Siphocoryne caprcw 100 Carnation {Dianthus cari/ophyllns) . Fuller's rose beetle, Pantomo7-us fulleri 298 Green peach aphis, Rhopalosiphnm persicw 98 Oblique-banded leaf-roller, Archips rosaceana 441 Two-spotted mite, Tetraiiychus telamis 16 Carob {Ccratonia siliqua) . Citrus mealy bug, Pseiidococoiis citri 128 Ivy or oleander scale, Aspidiotus hederw 176 Long-tailed mealy bug, Pscudococcus longispinus 131 Carpodetus (Carpodetus scrratus) . Ivy or oleander scale, Aspidiotus hederw 176 Carrot {Daiiciis carota). Dooryard sowbug, PorcclUo hcvis 3 Muck or carrot beetle, Ligyrus giihosus 246 Pale-striped flea-beetle. Systena hlanda 285 Parsnip plant louse, Siphocoryne caprece 100 Potato flea-beetle, Epitrix cucumeris 261 Yellow bear caterpillar, Diacrisia virginica 390 Carum carvi — -see Caraway. Carum kelloggii — see Wild Anise. Carya — see Bitternut, Hickory and Pecan. Caryota — see Fish-tail Palm and Wine Palm. Cassia — see Senna. Castanea — see Chestnut. Catalpa {Catalpa sp.) Melon aphis. Aphis gossypii 1 90 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus 179 Catnip {Nepcta- cat aria) . Grape leaf-hopper, Erythroneura comes 05 Cat-tail (Typha spp.). Oat aphis. Aphis avcnw 87 Potato tuber moth, PhthoHmwa operculella 448 Cattleya (Cattleya sp.) — also see Orchid. Greenhouse thrips, Heliothrips hwrnorrhoidalis 53 Cauliflower — see Cabbage. Ceanothus {Ccanothus spp.) — also see Buck-])rush, Deer-brush and New Jer- sey Tea. Adeleres. Adelercs ovipennis 296 Beautiful Hoplia, Hoplia dispar 243 Colaspidca varicolor 275 HOST INDEX. XXV Ceanothus — (Continued.) Page Diplacus Ceroputo, Ceroputo yuccw 125 Great Basin tent-caterpillar, Malacosoma fragiUs 411 I'eruicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotas perniciosus 179 Willow scale, Chionaspis saUcis-nigrw 163 Cedar, Deodara {Cedrus dcodara). Black scale, Saissetia olece 154 C.vpi-ess bark-beetle, Phlaosimis citpressi 314 Cedar, Incense (Liboccdriis decurrens) . Gray leaf-beetle, (ih/ptocelis longior 276 Juniper scale, Diaspis carueli 167 Cedar of Lebanon {Cedrus lihani) . Cottony cushion or fluted scale, Icerya purchasi 110 Ccdni.^ — see Cedar. Celastnis scandcns — see False Bittersweet. Celery (Apiiim graveolens) . Apple leaf-hopper, Empoasca ntaU 63 Celery and parsley caterpillar, Papilio polyxenes 454 Green peach aphis, Rhopalosiphum persicce 98 Oat aphis. Aphis uvctue 87 Oblique-banded leaf-roller, Archips rosaceana 441 California parsley caterpillar, Papilio zolicaon 455 Parsnip 'plant louse, Siphocoryne caprece 100 Potato flea-beetle, Epitrix cucumeris 261 Two-spotted mite, Tetranychus telarius 16 Western armyworni, Euxoa agrestis 398 Yellow bear caterpillar, Diacrisia virginica 390 Celtis — see Hackberry. Century plant — see Aloe. Cephnhtnfliiis occidcntalis — see Buttonbush. (■eraioiiia siUqua — see Carob. Cercidiphyllum (Cercidiphyllum japonica). Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus 179 Purple scale, Lepidosaphes heckii 186 Crrcis — see Red-bud. Cereus {Ccreus spp.). Cactus scale, Diaspis echinocacti-cacti 168 Cestrum {Cestrum spp.). Black scale, Saissetia olece 154 Citrus mealy bug, Pseudococcus citri 128 Striped datura beetle, Letna nigrovittaia 277 ChamiFcyparis lawsoniana — see Lawson's Cypress. Chaerophyllum (Chcerophyllnm temulum). Parsnip plant louse, Siphocoryne caprece 100 Chamo'dnphiie cah/culata — see Leather Leaf. C h a maed o rea ( Ch a m ccdorea sp. ) . Soft brown scale, Coccus hesperiduin 143 Chamomile (Anthemis sp.). Clover-apple aphis. Aphis hakeri 88 Cheat or Chess (Bromus secalinns) . Oat aphis. Aphis avence 87 Chenopodium (Chenopodium sp.) — also see Lambsquarters. Beau thrips, Heliothrips fasciatus 52 Cherry {Pruiius cerasus). Apple leaf-hopper, Empoasca muli 63 Black cherry aphis, Myzus cerasi 97 Box-elder plant-bug, Leptocoris trivittaUis 205 Branch and twig-borer, Polycaon confertus 239 Buffalo tree-hopper, Ccresa huhalus 62 XXVI HOST INDEX. Cherry — (Continnerl) . Page California peach borer, J^yeria opalescens 424 California tussock moth, Hemerocampa vetusta 409 Cherry or calico scale, Lecaniiim cerasorum 146 Cherry fruit sawfly, Hoplocampa cookei 359 Cherry or pear slug, Caliroa cciasi 357 Common termite, Tennes lucifugus 29 European fruit Lecanium, Lecanium corni 146 European fruit-tree scale, Aspidiotus ostrewformis 179 Fall cankerworm, AJaophila pometarla 415 Flat-headed apple-tree borer, Chri/sobothris femorata 236 Forest tent-caterpillar, Malacosoma disatria 412 Frosted scale, Lecanium pruinosum 151 Fruit-tree bark-beetle, Eccoptof/aster ritffuJosus __ 311 Fruit-tree leaf Syneta, Syneia alhida 2S4 Fruit-tree leaf-roller, Archips argi/rospUa 439 Greedy scale, Aspidiotus camellice 175 Green peach aphis, Rhopalosiphum persicce 98 Greenhouse thrips, HeUothrips hwmorrhoidalis 54 Harlequin cabbage bug, Murgantia histrionica 201 Ivy or oleander scale, Aspidiotus hedene 177 Lesser shot-hole borer, Xijlehorus xylographus 314 Oblique-banded leaf-roller, Archips rosaceana 441 Omnivorous looper, Sabulodes caberata 419 Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphes uhni 190 Peach tree borer, JEgeria exitiosa 421 Pear or cheri\v slug, Caliroa cerasi 357 Pear thrips, Twniothrips pijri 57 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosiis 179 Putnam's scale, Aspidiotus ancylus 174 Red spider, Bryobia pratevsis 14 Red-humped caterpillar, Schizura concinna 407 Shot-hole borer or fruit-tree bark-beetle, Eccoptogaster rugulosus 311 Spring cankerworm, Paleacrita vernata 417 Two-spotted mite, Tetranyclnis telarius 16 Walnut scale, Aspidiotus juglans-regiw 178 Yellow bear caterpillar. Diacrisia virginica 390 Yellow-necked apple caterpillar, Datana ministra 406 Cherry, Bitter (Prunus emarginata) . Great Basin tent-caterpillar, Malacosoma fragilis 411 Cherry, Ground {Physalis sp.) — also see Poha. Potato flea-beetle, Epitrix cucumeris 261 Potato tuber moth, Phthorimwa operculella 448 Tobacco flea-beetle, Epitrix parvula 262 Cherry, Jerusalem (Solanum pseudo-capsicum) . Greenhouse white fly, Astcrochiton vaporariorum . 198 Orange Tortrix, Tortrix citrana 442 Cherry, Laurel {Prunus laurocerasus) . Citrus white fly. Dinlcurodes citri 196 Cherry, Portugal Laurel {Prunus liisitanica) . Citrus white fly, Dialeurodes citri 196 Cherry, Western Sand {Prunus pumila besseyi) . Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus 179 Cherry, Wild Bird of Pin {Prunus pennsylvanica) . Potato flea-beetle. Epitrix cucumeris 261 Scurfy scale, Chionaspis furfura 158 Cherry, Wild Black {Prunus serotina) . Oat aphis, Aphis avcnce 87 Peach tree borer, /Egeria exitiosa 421 Scurfy scale, Chionaspis furfura 158 HOST INDEX. XXVI 1 Chess, Upright i^lironius ratcinosiis) — also see Cheat. Pa(;e Oat aphis, .Ip/its avente 87 Chestnut {Castanca spp.). California Priouus. I'rioinis califoniicus .252 European fruit Lecauiura, Lccanium corni ; 146 Flat-headed apple-tree borer, Chrysobothris femorata 230 Omnivorous looper. Hahulodeft caherata 41!) Oyster-shell scale, Lcpidosaphes vlmi 190 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotiis perniciosus 179 Yellow-necked apple caterpillar, Datana ministra 40G Chickweed {i^tcllaria media). White-lined sphinx, Celcrio llneutu 384 Chilicothe — see Man Root. China-bail Tree (Mdia sp.) — also see Umbrella Tree. Barnacle scale, Ceroplastes cirHpediformis 137 Chinaberry — see Umbrella Tree. Choisj/a fcrnata — see Mexican Orange. Chokeberry or Flowering Crab (Pi/riis floribunda) . Grwn apple aphis, Aphis pomi 94 Scurfy scale, Chionaspis furfirni 1,~)S Chokeberry (SorbKS spp.). Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotiis perniciosus 179 Scurfy scale, Chionaspis furfura 1,58 Chokecherry {Pruniis virginiana) . Apple leaf-hopper, Empoasca niali 63 Fruit-tree bark-beetle, Eccoptogaster rugulosus 311 Oat aphis. Aphis avcnce 87 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotiis perniciosus 179 Scurfy scale, Chionaspis furfura l.~)S Shot-hole borer, Eccoptogaster rugulosus 311 Chokecherry, Western (Crrasus virginiana deniissa). Cilifoniia peach borer, JEgeria opalescens 424 Christmas berrj — see Mountain Holly. Chrysanthemum (Chr!/santhemu)n spp.). Black scale, Saissetia olew 1,54 Clirysanthemum leaf-miner, Phijtomijza chrysanthemi 3.50 Cottony cushion or fluted scale, Icerya purchasi 110 False chinch bug, Nt/sius ericw 207 Green peach aphis, Rhopalosiphum persicw 98 Greenhouse Orthezia, Orthezia insignis 112 Greenhouse white fly, Asterochitoa vaporariorum 198 Harlequin cabbage bug, Murgantia hisfrionica 201 Hemispherical scale, 8aissefiu hcmisphcerica 151 Red composite aphis, Macrosiphum rudbeckice 10(5 Sugar-beet wireworm, Limonius californicus 233 Two-spotted mite, Tetrunychus telarius 10 Western 12-spotted cucumber beetle, Diabrotica soror 271 Cicer arietintim — see Chick Pea. Ciciifa virosa—see Water Hemlock. Cinchona (Cinchonas]}.). Cyanophyllum scale, Aspidiotus cyanophylU 176 Cineraria (Cineraria spp.). Chrysanthemum leaf-miner, Phytomijza chrysanthemi 350 Long-tailed mealy bug, Pseudococcus longispinus 131 Orange Tortrlx, Tortrix citrana 442 Ciniiinnomuin — see Camphor and Cinnamon. Cinnamon Tree (Cinnamoniuni zcijlanicum) . Tessellated or palm scale, Eucah/mnatus tcssellatus 140 Cirsium — see Thistle. XXviii HOST INDEX. Cissus {Cissus sjy.) . Page Fuller's rose beetle, Paiiioinonts fuUcri 298 Greefly scale, Aspidiotus cameUUc l^S Citron {Citrus medica) . Barnacle scale, Ceroplastes cirripediformis 137 Black citrus plant louse, Toxoptera aiirantiw 78 Black Parlatoria, Parlatoria zhiplius 103 Black scale, Saissctia olew 1*^ Chafif scale, Parlatoria pergandii 193 Citrus mealy bug, Pseudococcus citri 128 Citrus red spider, Tctranychus mijtilaspidis 15 Citrus thrips, Scirtothrips citri 55 Citrus white fly, Dialciirodes citri 196 Cottony cushion or fluted scale, Icerya purchasi 110 Florida red scale, Chrysomphalus aonidum 181 Florida wax scale, Ceroplastes floridensis 138 Fuller's rose beetle, Pantomonis fulleri 298 Glover's scale, Lepidosaphes glovcrii 188 Green peach aphis, Rhopalosiphum persicw 98 Greenhouse Orthezia, Orthczia insigiiis 112 Greenhouse thrips, Heliothrips hwmorrhoidalis 54 Hemispherical scale, Saissetia hemisphcerica 151 Ivy or oleander scale, Aspidiotus hederw 177 Long-tailed mealy bug, Pseudococcus longispinus 131 Melon aphis, Aphis gossypii 90 Purple scale, Lepidosaphes beckii 18G Red scale, Chrysomplmhts aurantii 183 Soft brown scale, Coccus hesperidum 143 Two-spotted mite, Tctranychus telarius 16 Western 12-spotted cucumber beetle, Diahrotica soror 271 Yellow scale, Chrysomphalus citrinus 185 Citrulhis vulgaris — see Watermelon. Citrus (Citrus sp.) — also see Citron, Grapefruit, Lemon, Orange, etc. Gray citrus scale, Coccus citricola 142 Orange Chionaspis, Chionaspis citri 157 Parlatoria proteus 193 Clematis (Clematis spp. ). Omnivorous looper, Hahulodes caherata 410 Oyster-shell scale, Lepidcsaphes ulmi 190 Soft brown scale, Coccus hesperidum 143 Two-spotted mite, Tetravychus telarius , 16 Clover (Trifolium pratcnsc) . Alfalfa caterpillar, Eurymus eurythemc 459 Alfalfa crane-fly, Tipula simplex 310 Alfalfa .semi-looper, Phytometra caUfornica 395 Alfalfa leaf-hopper, Empoasca mali 63 Bean thrips, Heliothrips fasciatus 52 Bur clover or cowpea aphis. Aphis mcdicaginis 90 Clover-apple aphis. Aphis hakeri 88 Clover seed chalcis, Bruchophagus funehris 3GS Corn ear-worm, Chloridea ohsoleta 397 Destructive pea aphis, Macrosiphum pisi 104 Devastating grasshopper, Melanoplus devastator 45 (irape leaf -hopper, Erythroneura comes 65 Hop flea-beetle, Psylliodes punctulata 280 Ivy or oleander scale, Aspidiotus hederw 177 Lesser migratory grasshopper, Melanoplus atlanis 43 Long-legged grasshopper, Clcinopleura melanopleuru 34 Oblique-banded leaf-roller, Archips rosaceana 441 HOST INDEX. XXIX Clover — (Continued). I'.vgk Pale-striped fiea-beetlc, Systc-na hluiula 285 Potato fiea-beetle, Epitrh ciiciiineris 261 Red-legsed grasshopper, Mckiiiophis fcmnr-rubniin 40 Red spider, Bryohia praicnsls 14 Serpentine leaf-miner, Agromi/za pusilla 346 Spotted blister beetle, Epicauta maciilata 292 Tarnished plant-bug", Lygiis pratensis 212 Two-striped grasshopper, McIanopJns hivittatus 44 Valley grasshopper, Q^dalcoitottis enigma 48 Western armyworm, Euxoa agrcsiis 398 Western 12-spotted cucumber beetle, Diahrotica soror 271 Clover, Sweet (Melilotiis alba). Alfalfa caterpillar, Eurymus eurythemc 459 ('iiirtis — see Thistle. Coccoloba (Coccoloha or CoccohoUa) — also see Seaside Grape. Black araucaria scale, Chrysomphalits rossi 185 Cockle bur {Xantium canadensc) . Pale-striped flea-beetle, 8ysteiia hlaiula 285 Cocoa [Thcohroma cacao). Greenhouse thrips, Hcliothrips hwmorrhoidaUs 54 Coconut or Cocoanut (Gocos nitcifera) . Aspidistra scale, Hemichioiiaspis aspidistrw 171 European Fiorinia, Fiorinia fiorina; 172 Florida red scale, Chrysomphalits aonidum 181 Kentia mealy bug, PseudGcoccus pseudonipw 132 Oyster-shell scale, Lcpidosaphcs ulmi 190 Red scale, Chrysomphalits aitrantii 183 Tessellated or palm scale, Eitcahimnafiis tessellatus 140 Cocos nitcifera — see Coconut. Coffee {Coffca spp.). Black citrus plant louse, Toxoptera aurantice 78 Citrus mealy bug, Pseudococcits citri 128 Citrus white fly, Dialeurodes citri 196 Tessellated or palm scale, Eucalymnatiis tessellatus 140 Thread scale, Ischnaspis longirostris 191 Goix lacryma — see Job's Tears. Cola — see Kola. Coleus {Colciis spp.). Citrus mealy bug, Pseudococcits citri 12S Greenhouse Orthezia, Orthezia insignis 112 Greenhouse white fly, Astcrochiton vaporariorum 198 Long-tailed mealy bug, Pseudococcus longispimis 131 Columbine {Aquilcgia sp.). Golden tortoise beetle, Coptocycla bicolor 259 Cone-flower {Rudbeckia spp.). Red composite aphis, Macrosiphiim rudbeckia 107 Twelve-spotted cucumber beetle, Diahrotica 12-punctata 272 Con volvulus — see Morning-glory. Copparis {Gopparis sp.). Black araucaria scale, Chrysomphalits rossi 185 Coreopsis — see Tickseed. Corn {Zea spp.). Angoumois grain moth, Sitotroga cerealella 450 Apple leaf-hopper, Empoasca mali 63 Armyworm, Cirphis unipuncta 390 Beet armyworm, Laphygma flavimaculata 400 Chinch bug, Blissus leucopterus 208 Corn ear-worm, Chloridea obsoleta 397 XXX HOST J.\))KX. Corn — (Cootiuued). I'A'ii': Devastating grasshopper, Mclunoplua dvvasiator 4.") Differential grasshopper, Mclanopliis (lifferentialis 4(; Granary weevil, Culandra f/ranuria 30" Harlequin cabbage bug. 3J iirffaidia histrionica -'•! Lesser migratory grasshopper, Mehinoplus atlanis 43 Oat aphis, AjjMs avenw 8" Obscure 12-spotted cucumber beetle, Diuhrotica 12-piinciuta tciiclla 273 Pale-striped flea-beetle, Sijstena hiaiida 285 Pale-wiuged grasshopper, Melanoplus niiiforniis : 47 Potato flea-beetle, Epiirix cKciuncris 2G1 Red-legged grasshopper, Melanoplus femur-ruhrum 40 Rice weevil, Calandra oryzce 308 Seed-corn maggot, Phorhia fusciccps 334 Sugar-beet wireworm, Limonius californicus 233 Twelve-spotted cucumber beetle, Diahrotica 12-piiuctafa 272 Two-spotted mite, Tctranychus telaiiiis I'j Two-striped grasshopper, Melanoplus bivittatus . 43 Valley grasshopper, CEdalconotus enigma 48 Variegated cutworm, Lijcophotia margaritosa 401 Western ax-myworm, Euxoa agrestis 398 Western cabbage flea-beetle, Phijlloireia pusllla 281 Western 12-spotted cucumber beetle, Diabrotica soror 271 Yellow bear caterpillar, Diacrisia virginica 390 Corn, Broom {Sorghum sp.)- Oat aphis. Aphis avenw 87 Corn, Kaffir (Sorghum sp.)- Granary weevil, Calandra granaria 307 Coruun — see Dogwood. Vorylus — see Filbert and Hazelnut. Cotoneaster {Cotoneaster sp.). Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphcs uhni 190 Pear-leaf blister-mite, Eriophyes pyri 8 Pei'uicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus pcrniciot XXXll HOST INDEX. Currant — (Continued). Page Walnut scale, Aspidiotiis juglans-reyiw 178 White-lined sphinx, Celcrio lineata 384 Yellow bear caterpillar, Diacrisia virginica 3'JO Cushaw {Ciicurbita moschata) . Melon worm, Diaphania hi/alinata 431 Cyanoglossum — see Hound's Tongue. Cyanophyllum (Cganophyllum sp.). Cyanophyllmn scale, Aspidiotiis cyanophyUi 176 Cyanotis {Cyanotis sp.). Aspidistra scale, Hemichionnspis aspidistne 171 Cycas — see Sago Palm. Vydonia — see Quince. Cymara scolymus — see Globe Artichoke. Cyperus — see Umbrella Plant. Cypress (C'wpressws spp.) . Cottonj' cushion or fluted scale, Iccrya purchasi 110 European Fiorinia, Florinia fiorincB 172 Juniper scale, Diaspis carueli 167 Cypress, Lawson's (Chamwcy parts laicsoniana). Cypress bark-beetle, Phlaosimis cupressi 313,314 Cypress, Monterey (Cnprcsstis macrocarpa) . Cypress cone-borer, Oydia cuprcssana 436 Cypress moth, Argyresthia cupressella 454 Cypress twig-borer, Phlwosinus cristatus 312 CytisHS — see Broom. Dactylis — see Orchard Grass. Daffodil (Narcissus pseudo-narcissus). Narcissus bulb-fly, Mcrodon cquestris 325 Dahlia (Dahlia spp.). Apple leaf-hopper, Empoasca mali 63 Greenhouse thrips, Hcliothrips hwmorrhoidalis 54 Ii-is white fly, Aleyrodcs spirwoides 196 Two-spotted mite, Tetranychus telarius 16 Yellow bear caterpillar, Diacrisia virginica 390 Daisy, English (Bellis perennis) . Serpentine leaf-miner, Agromyza pusilla 346 Western 12-spotted cucumber beetle, Diahrotica soror 271 Daisy, Shasta. Chrjsanthemum leaf-miner, Phytomyza chrysaiifheini 350 Omnivorous looper, Habulodcs cahrrata 419 Daisy, Paris — see Marguerite. Dalbergia (Dalbergia championii) . Aspidiotus simillimus translucens 176 Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale). Bur clover or cowpea aphis, Aphis medicaginis 90 Serpentine leaf-miner, Agromyza pusilla 346 Daphne (Daphne spp.). Ivy or oleander scale, Aspidiotus hederw 177 Yellow scale, Chrysomphalus citrinus 185 Datura (sp.) — also see Jimpson Weed. Striped datura beetle, Leina nigrovittata 277 Davallia (Davallia pallida) — also see Ferns. Aspidistra scale, Hemichionaspi^ aspidistrw 171 Daucus carota — see Carrot. Deer-brush (Ceanothus integerrimus) . Citrus mealy bug, Pseudococcus citri 128 Willow scale, Chionaspis salicis-nigrw 163 HOST IKDKX. XXXU; Devil-wood (OsinantlMS americanus) . I'aok Citrus white fly, Dialc modes citri lOG Dewberry or thornless blackberry {Rubi4S canadensis) — also see Blackberry. Grape leaf-hopper, Erythroneaua comes 65 Rose scale, Aulacaspis rosw 170 Dianthiis — see Carnation and Pink. Dioscorca — see Yam. Diospyros kaki — see Persimmon. Diplacus ylutinosus — see Bush Monkey Flower. Dipsaciis fullorum — see Fuller's Teasel. Dirca palustris — see Leatherwood. Dock {Ritmex spp.). Alfalfa semi-looper, Phytometra californica 395 Aphis viburnl 94 Bean aphis, Aphis riimicis 94 Beet root aphis, Pemphigus betw 76 Bur clover or cowpea aphis, Aphis medicaginis 90 Citrus thrips, Scirtothrips citri 55 Green dock beetle, Gastroidea cyanea . 275 Hop flea-beetle, Psylliodes punctulata 280 Melon aphis, Aphis gossypii 90 Sugar-beet wireworm, Limonius californicus 233 White-lined sphinx, Celerio lineata 384 Yellow bear caterpillar, Diacrisia virginica 390 Dogbane {Apocynum, sp.). Potato fiea-beetle, Epitrix cucumeris 261 Dogwood (Gornits spp.). Lintner's scale, Ghionaspis linfneri 159 Melon aphis. Aphis gossypii . 90 Oat aphis. Aphis avenae 87 Oblique-banded leaf-roller, Archips rosaccana 441 Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosavhes ulmi 190 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidioius pernieiosus^ 179 Willow scale, Ghionaspis salicis-nigrw 163 Dondia {Dondia sp.) — also see Sea Blite. Sugar-beet leaf-beetle, Monoxia puncticollis 279 Dracena {Dracana spp.). Fuller's rose beetle, Pantomorus fiilleri 298 Long-tailed mealy bug, Pseudococcus longispinus '. 131 Duranta {Duranta sp.). Black scale, Saissetia olew 154 Echinocactus {Echionocactus sp.) — also see Cereus and Opuutia. California cochineal scale, Dactylopins confusus 122 Echionocystis — see Wild Balsam-apple and Man Root. Eggplant (Solanum melongena esculentum) . Armyworm, Cirphis unipunctata 396 Green peach aphis, Rhopalosiphum persicce 98 Greenhouse white fly, Asterochiton vaporariorum 198 Harlequin cabbage bug, Murgantia histrionica 201 Pale-striped flea-beetle, Systena blanda 285 Potato flea-beetle, Epitrix cucumeris 261 Potato stalk borer, Trichoharis trinotata 305 Potato tuber moth, Phthorimwa operculella 448 Two-spotted mite, Tetranychus telarius , 16 Yellow bear caterpillar, Diacrisia virginica 390 Elceagnus — see Silver Thorn. c— 13664 XXXI V HOST INDEX. Elder {8amhuciis spp.)- Page Alfalfa semi-looper, Fhytometra californica 39.") Baker's mealy bug, Pseudococcus iakeri 126 Blue sharpshooter, Tettigoniella circellata 00 Imported curraut borer, ^geria tipuliformis 428 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidioiiis perniciosus 179 Potato flea-beetle, Epitrix cucumeris 301 Serpentine leaf-miner, Agromt/za piisilla 340 Elm {Ulmus spp.). Apple leaf-hopper, Empoasca mali 03 Brown elm scale, Lccanitim canadense 144 Cottony maple or vine scale, Pulvinaiia vitis 130 European elm scale, Oossypraia nhni 119 European fruit Lecanium, Lecanium corni 140 Fall cankerworm, Alsophila pometaria 415 Frosted scale, Lecanium pruinosum 151 Fruit-tree leaf-roller, Archips argyrospila 439 Mourning cloak butterfly, Euvanessa antiopa 401 Muck or carrot beetle, Ligyrus gibbosus 240 Omnivorous looper, Sabtdodes caberata 419 Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphes uhni 190 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotiis perniciosus 1T9 Putnam's scale, Aspidiotus ancylus 174 Scurfy scale, Chionaspis furfura 15S Shot-hole borer or fruit-tree back-beetle, Eccoptogaster rugulosus 311 Snowy tree-cricket, (Ecanthus niveus 32 Spring cankerworm, Paleacrita vernata 417 Steel-blue grapevine flea-beetle, Haltica carinata 200 Two-spotted mite, Tetranychus telarius 10 AValnut scale, Aspidiotus iuglans-regics 17S White-lined sphinx, Celcrio lineata 384 Elm, Water (Planera keakei) . Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphes uhni -- 190 Elymus — see Wild Rye. Epigwa repens — see Trailing Arbutus. Epilobium angustifolittm — see Fireweed. Epiphyllum — see Lobster Cactus. Erechtites hieracifolius — see Fire-weed. Erica — see Heath. Eriobotrya japonica — see Loquat. Erodium — see Filaree. Erysimum vulgare — see Treacle Mustard. Erytliea edulis—see Guadaloupe Palm. Eschscholtzia — see California Poppy. Eucalyptus {Eucalyptus spp.). Black scale, Saissctia olece 154 Greedy scale, Aspidiotus camellice 175 Ivy or oleander scale, Aspidiotus hederw 177 Nautical borer, Xylotrechus nauticus 255 Omnivorous looper, Sabulodes caberata 419 Orange Tortrix, Tortrix citrana 442 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus 179 Polycaon stoutii 238 Purple scale, Lepidosaphes becjcii ISO Red Scale, Chrysomphalus aurantii 183 Xylopertha declive 239 Eugenia jambos — see Jambos. Eunanus (Eunanus brevipes) . Bean thrips, Heliothrips fasciatus 52 HOST INDKX. XXXV Euonymus {Euonymus spp.)- I'agf: Black araucaria scale, (Jhrysomphalus rosai 185 Cottony maple or vine scale, Pulvinaria viti^ 136 Euonymus scale, Chionaspis euonymi 157 Greedy scale, Aspidiotus canielUw 175 Orange Chionaspis, Chionaspis citri 157 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiottis perniciosus 179 Red scale, Chrysomphalus aiirantii 183 Yellow scale, Chrysomphahis cifrinus 185 Eupatorium {Eupatorium sp.)- Barnacle scale, Geroplastes cirripediformis 137 Chrysanthemum leaf-miner, Phytomyza chrysanthemi 350 Euphorbia- — see Poinsettia and Spurge. Eurycles {Eurycles sp.)- Narcissus bulb-fly, Merodon equestris 326 Euryptera {Eiiryptera lucida) . Bean thrips, Heliothrips fasciatus 52 Farjopyrum esculentum—see Buckwheat. Fagiis — see Beech. Fennel, Sweet {Fwniculum vulgare) . California parsley caterpillar, Papilio zolicaon 455 Fenugreek {Trigonella fcenum-grwcum) . Destructive pea aphis, Macrosiphum pisi 104 Serpentine leaf-miner, Agromyza pnsilla 346 Ferns {Filicales). Aspidistra scale, Hemichionaspis aspidistra; 171 Black fern plant louse, Idiopterus nephrelepidis 101 Citrus mealy bug, Psendococcus citri 128 European Fiorinia, Fiorinia fioriniw 172 Florida wax scale, Geroplastes floridensis 1 138 Greenhouse thrips, Heliothrips hwmorrhoidalis 54 Hemispherical scale, Saissetia hemisphwrica 151 Ivy or oleander scale, Aspidiottis hederw 177 Long-tailed mealy bug, Pseudococciis longispinus 131 Orange Tortrix, Tortrix citrana 442 Festuca — see Fescue grass. Feverfew — see Chrysanthemum. Ficus {Ficus sp.) — also see Fig and India Rubber. Cyauophyllum scale, Aspidiottis cyanophylli 176 Fig- {Ficus spp.) . Aspidistra scale, Hemichionaspis aspidistrw 171 Black scale, Saissetia olew 154 Blastophaga, Blastophaga psenes 362, 367 Branch and twig-borer, Polycaon confertus 239 Citrus white fly, Dialeurodes citri 196 Cottony cushion or fluted scale, Icerya purchasi 110 Florida way scale, Geroplastes floridensis 1.38 Greedy scale, Aspidiottis camelliw 175 Greenhouse thrips, Heliothrips hwmorrhoidalis 54 Long-tailed mealy bug, Pseudococcus longispinus 131 Oystei'-shell scale, Lepidosaphes tilmi , 190 Pear thrips, Twniothrips pyri 57 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus 179 Pomace fly, Drosophila melanogaster 343 Purple scale, Lepidosaphes beckii 186 Red scale, Chrysomphahis aurantii 183 Soft brown scale, Coccus hesperidum 143 Western twig-borer, Apate punctipennis 238 XXXVl HOST INDEX. Filaree {Erodiiim sp.) Paoe Giape leaf-hopper, Erythroneura comes Go Filbert {Corylus sp.)- — also see Hazelnut. Oyster-shell scale, Lcpidosaphes nimi _ 190 Filicales — see Ferns. Fir {Abies spp.) Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphes ulmi 190 Pine-leaf scale, Chionaspis pinifolicE IGl Fir, Red {Ahies magnifica). Cooley's Chermes, Chermes cooleyi '''-J Fir, White {Ahies con color) . Monterey pine scale, Physokcrmes insiguicola 155 Fireweed {Epilobium angustifolixim) . California grape root-worm, Bromitts oiscuriis 256 Fire-weed {Erechtites hieracifolius) . Strawberry flea-beetle, Haltica ignita 2G7 Flacourtia {Flacourtia sepiaria). Long-tailed mealy bug, Pseitdococciis longispinus 131 Focnicnlum vulgare — see Sweet Fennel. Four-o'clock, California {Mirabilis calif ornica) . Bean thrips, HeUothrips fasciatiis 52 Fragarla — see Strawberry. Fraxinus — see Ash. Fuchsia {Fuchsia spp.). Citrus mealy bug, Pseudococcus citri 12S Greedy scale, Aspidiotus camelliw I'''-' Greenhouse thrips, Helioihrips hwmorrhoidalis 54 Greenhouse Avhite fly, Asterochiton vaporariorum 198 Iris white fly, Aleyrodcs spirceoides 190 Long-tailed mealy bug, Pseudococcus longispinus 131 Red scale, Chrysomphalus aurantii 183 Two-spotted mite, Tetranychus telarius 16 Galeopsis — see Hemp Nettle. Galingale— see Umbrella Plant. Gall -berry {Ilex glabra). Florida wax scale, Ceroplastes ftoridensis 138 Oak Eriococciis, Eriococcus quercus , 122 Galtonia — see Hyacinth. Gardenia {Gardeni-a spp.) — also see Cape Jasmine. Greenhouse Orthezia, Orthezia insignia 112 ■ Japanese or Mexican wax scale, Ceroplastes ceriferiis 137 Gat/lussacia — see English Huckleberry. Genista {Genista sp.). Greedy scale, Aspidiotus camelliw 175 Ivy or oleander scale, Aspidiotus liedera 177 Geranium {Pelargonium spp.). Citrus mealy bug, Pseudococcus citri 128 Corn ear-worm, Chloridca obsoleta 397 Cottony cushion or fluted scale, Icerya purchasi 110 Fuller's rose beetle, Pantomorus fulleri 298 Greenhouse white fly, Asterochiton vaporariorum 198 Oblique-banded leaf-roller, Archips rosaceana 441 Orange Tortrix, Tortrix citrana ^^ 442 Omnivorous looper, Sabulodes caberata 419 Two-spotted mite, Tetranychus telarius 16 Ginger, Wild Japanese {Zingiber sp.). Yellow scale, Chrysomphalus citrinus 185 HOST INDEX. XXXvii Ginko {Giuko biloha) . Page European peach scale, Lecanium pcrsicw 149 Ginseng (Panax qitinqitefoUum) . Oj'ster-shell scale, Lepidosaphes ulmi 190 Gladiolus (Gladiolus sp.). Corn ear-worm. Chloridea ohsoleta 397 (llcditschia tnacanlhos — see Honey Locust. (llcditschia aqtiatka — see Water Locust. (IJijcine hlspida — see Soja Bean. Gli/ci/rrhi^a—see Wild Liquorice. G itapha Jin m — see Cudweed. Goat's-beard (Arutivus Sylvester) . Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphes ulmi 190 Golden rod (SoUdago spp.). Cottony cushion or fluted scale, Icerya purchasi 110 Orange Tortrix, Tortrix citrana 442 Red composite aphis, Macrosiphum rudbeckioe 107 Red scale, Chrysomphalus aiirantii 183 Gooseberry (Rihes spp.). Apple leaf-hopper, Empoasca mali 63 Black gooseberry borer, Xylocriiis agassizii 254 Cottony maple or vine scale, Pulvinaria vitis 136 Currant or gooseberry fruit-fly, Epochra canadensis 324 European fruit Lecanium, Lecanium corni 146 European peach scale, Lecanium persicce 149 Fruit-tree leaf-roller, Archips argyrospila 439 Grape leaf-hopper, Erythroneura comes 65 Imported currant borer, JEgeria tiptiliformis 428 Oblique-banded leaf-roller, Archips rosaceana 441 Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphes ulmi 190 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus 179 Scurfy scale, Chionaspis furfura 158 Two-spotted mite, Tctranychus telarius 16 Xylocrius cribratus , 253 Yellow bear caterpillar. Diacrisia virginica 890 Gooseberry, Wild (Ribes sp.). Great Basin tent-caterpillar, Malacosoma fragilis 411 Goosefoot — see Chenopodium and Lambsquarters. Gossypium — see Cotton. Gourd (Cucurbita pepo ovifera). Melon aphis. Aphis gossypii^- : 90 Melon worm, Diaphania hyalinata ■ 431 Squash bug, Anasa tristis , 202 Squash-vine borer, Melittia satyriniformis 430 Goutweed (/Egopodium podagraria) . Parsnip plant louse, Hiphocoryne caprew 100 Grape (Vitis spp.) . Achemon sphinx, Pholiis achemon .385 Alfalfa semi-looper, Phytometra californica 395 Apple leaf-hopper, Empoasca mali 63 Baker's mealy bug, Pseudococcus bakeri 126 Black scale, Saissetia olece 1.54 Blue sharpshooter, TettigonieUa circellata 66 Box-elder plant bug, Lcptocoris trivHtatiis 205 Branch and twig-borer, Polycaon confertus 239 California grape root-worm. Bromius obsdurus 256 California Prionus, Prionus califomicus .- 252 Citi-us mealy bug, Pseudococcus citri 128 Citrus thrips, Scirtothrips citri 55 iXXvm HOST INDEX.. Grape — (Continued). Page Common cutworm, Euxoa atomuris 399 Corn ear-worm, Chloridea oisoleta • 397 Cottony cushion or fluted scale, Icerya purehasi 110 Cottony maple or vine scale, Pulvinaria vitis 13f> Cyanophyllum scale, Aspidiotits cyanophi/lli 176 iJjvastating grasshopper, Melanoplus devastator 45 Differential grasshopper, Melanoplus different ialis 46 Erinose of the vine, Eriophyes vitis 11 European fruit Lecanium, Lecanium corni 146 European peach scale, Lecanium persicce 149 False chinch bug, Nysius ericw 207 Frosted scale, Lecanium pruinosum 151 Grape leaf-folder, Desmia funeralis 432 Grape leaf-hopper, Erythroneura comes 65 Grape phylloxera, Peritymhia vitifoliw 73 Grapevine Hoplia, Hoplia callipyge 242 Greedy scale, Aspidiotus camellice 175 Green dock beetle, Gastroidea cyanea 275 Greenhouse thrips, Heliothrips hcBmorrhoidalis 54 Greenhouse white' fly, Asterochiton vaporariorum 198 Harlequin cabbage bug, Murgantia histrionica 201 Long-tailed mealy bug, Pseudococcus longispinus 131 Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphes ulmi 190 Pale-winged grasshopper, Melanoplus uniformis 47 Pear thrips, Twniothrips pyri 57 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus 179 Red scale, Ghrysomphalus aurantii 183 Rose snout beetle, Rhynchites iicolor 317 Sacken's Hoplia, Hoplia sackenii 244 Soft bi'own scale. Coccus hesperidum 143 Steel-blue grapevine flea-beetle, Halnca carinata 266 Strawberry flea-beetle, Haltica ignita 267 Tricolored Xylopertha, Xylopertha suturale 240 Valley grasshopper, (Edaleonotus enigma 48 Western twig-borer, Apate punctipennis 238 White-lined sphinx, Celerio lineata 384 Yellow bear caterpillar, Diacrisia virginica 390 Yellow-striped armyworm, Prodenia prwfica 402 Grape, Seaside {Coccoloia uvifera). Tessellated or palm scale, Eucalymnatus tesscllatus 140 Grapefruit or Pomelo (Citrus grandis) . Barnacle scale, Ceroplastes cirripediformis 137 Black citrus plant louse, Toxoptera aurantiw 78 Black Parlatoria, Parlatoria ziziphus 193 Black scale, Saissetia olew 154 Chaff scale, Parlatoria pergandii 193 Citrus mealy bug, Pseudococcus citri 128 Citrus red spider, Tetranychus mytilaspidis 15 Citrus thrips, Scirtothrips citri 55 Cottony cushion or fluted scale, Icerya purehasi 110 Florida red scale, Chrysomphalus aonidum 181 Florida wax scale, Ceroplastes floridensis 138 Fuller's rose beetle, Pantomorus fulleri 298 Glover's scale, Lepidosaphes gloverii 188 Gray citrus scale. Coccus citricola 142 Green peach aphis, Rhopalosiphum persicce 98 Greenhouse Orthezia, Orthezia insignis 112 Greenhouse thrips, Heliothrips hwmorrhoidalis 54 HO«T INDEX. XXXIX' Grapefruit — (('uiitiiiuetl). Page Hemispherical scale, 8aissetiu hcmisphoerica 151 Ivy or oleander scale, Aspidiotus hederce 177 Long-tailed mealy bug, Pseudococcus longispinus 131 Melon aphis. Aphis goissypii 90 Purple scale, Lcpidosaphcs heckii 186 Red scale, Chnjsomphalus aiirantii 183 Soft brown scale, Coccus hesperidum 143 Two-spotted mite, Tetranyclms telariiis 10 Yellow scale, Chrysomplmlus citrinus 185 G ra ss {G ra m in cw ) . Alfalfa crane fly, Tipnlu simplex 319 Apple leaf-hopper, Empoasca mail 63 Annyworm, Chirphis iinipuncta 396 Beet armyworm, Laphygma flnvimacitlata 400 Beet carrion beetle, Hilpha opaca 219 Black plant-bug, Iriisia irachycsrus 213 Buffalo tree-hopper, Ceresa hnhalns 61 California Lachnosterna, Lachnostenia errans 245 Chinch bug, Blissus leucoptcrus 208 Devastating grasshopper, Mclaiwplus devastator 45 False chinch bug, Nysius ericw 207 Garden caiTion beetle, Silpha ramosa 219 Grape leaf-hopper, Erythroneura comes 65 Greasy cutworm, Agrotis ypsilon 394 Hairy Phobetus, Phohetus comatus 240 Ivy or oleander scale, Aspidiotus hederce 177 Lesser migratory grasshopper, Melanoplus atlanis 43 Lesser black plant-bug, Irhisia sericans 214 Long-legged grasshopper, CUnopleura melanopletira 34 Minute false chinch bug, Nysius ericw minutus 208 Muck or carrot beetle, Ligyrus gibiosus 246 Oak Eriococcus, Eriococcus quercits 122 Oat aphis, Aphis avenw 87 Onion thrips, Thrips tahaci 56 Pacific plant-bug, Thyrillus pacificus 215 I'acitic banded flea-beetle, Systena tceniata ligata 285 Pellucid grasshopper, Camnula pellucida 43 Red-legged grasshopper, Melanoplus femur-rubrum : 40 Red-shouldered plant-bug, Thyanta ciistator 200 Red spider, Bryohia pratensis 14 Two-striped grasshopper, Melanoplus bivittatus 43 Variegated cutworm, Lyco-photia margaritosa 104 Western armyworm, Eiixoa agrestis 398 Wheat thrips, Frankliniella tritici , 51 Grass, Bermuda {Capriola dactylon) . Cottony cushion or fluted scale, Icerya piirchasi 110 Grass, Brome {Bromns spp.). Hessian fly, Phytophaga destructor 322 Oat aphis, Aphis aveme 87 Western grass-stem sawfly, Cephus occidentalis 325 Grass, Canada Blue (Poo compressa) . Oat aphis, Aphis avenw 87 Grass, Cord i^pa'rtina f olios a) . Cord-grass scale, Chionaspis spartinw 165 Grass, Crab or Finger {Panicum sanguinale) . Oat aphis. Aphis avenw 87 Grass, Fescue (Festuca sp.) Oat aphis, Aphis avenw 87 Xl HOST INDEX. Grass, Finger — see Crab-grass. Page Grass, Fox-tail {Alojiecurus pratensis). Beet root aphis, Pemphigus hetw 76 Grass, Johnson {Sorghum halepense). Oat aphis, Aphis avenoe 87 Sugar-beet wireworm, Limonius caHfomicus 233 Twelve-spotted cucumber beetle, Diahrotica 12-punctata 272 Grass, June — see Kentucky Blue Grass. Grass, Kentucky Blue (Poa pratensis). Oat aphis. Aphis avcnw S7 Grass, Koeler's. Oat aphis. Aphis avence 87 Grass, Meadow (Poa spp.). Bur clover or cowpea aphis, Aphis medicaginis 90 Oat aphis. Aphis avence 87 Grass, Melic {Melica sp.). Oat aphis, Aphis avsnw 87 Grass, Oat (Arrhenatherum avenaceum). Oat aphis, Aphis avence 87 Grass, Orchard {Dactylis glomerata) . Oat aphis. Aphis avence 87 Gras-3, Pepper {Lepiditim sp.). Bur clover or cowpea aphis. Aphis medicaginis 90 Melon aphis, Aphis gossypii 90 Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphes ulmi 190 Grass, Quack {Agropyron repens). Hessian fly, Phytophaga destructor 322 Western grass-stem sawfl^, Cephas occidentalis 325 Grass, Reed Canary (Phalaris arundinacea) . Oat aphis. Aphis avence : 87 Grass, Rescue (Bromus nnioloides). Oat aphis. Aphis avence 87 Grass, Redtop (Agrostis vulgaris). Oat aphis. Aphis avence 87 Grass, Spear — see Kentucky Blue Grass. Grass, Wheat {Agropyron sp.). Western grass-stem sawfly, Cephiis occidentalis 3.52 Grass, Wire {Polygonum aviculure) . Beau thrips, Eeliothrips fasciatus 52 Grasstree {Xanthorrlwca sp.). Black araucai'ia scale, Chrysomphahis rossi 185 Greasewood {Adenostoma fasciculatum) . Grapevine Hoplia, Hoplia callipyge 242 Greasewood Eriococcus, Eriococcus adenostotnw 121 European fi'uit Lecanium, Lecanium corni 146 Grevillea or Silver Oak {Grevillca sp.). Bakers mealy bug, Pseudococcus bakeri 126 Black scale, Saissetia olew 154 Omnivorous looper, Sabulodes caherata 419 Grew la {Grewia sp.). Black scale, Saissetia olece 154 Groundsel or Ivy Senecio {Senecio mikanioides) . Clover-apple aphis, Aj)his hakeri 88 Green peach aphis, Rhopalosiphum persicce 98 Omnivorous looper, Sahulodes vaheratd ^ 419 Groundsel Tree {Baccharis pilularis) . Black scale, Saissetia olcce 154 Red composite aphis, Macrosiplwm rudheckice 107 HOST INDEX. Xll Guava {Psidium sp.). Page Black scale, Saissetia olece 154 Florida red scale, Chrysomphalus aonidum 181 Florida wax scale, Ceroplastes floridcnsis 138 Hemispherical scale. Saissetia hcmisph(erica-. 151 Long-tailed mealy bug, Pscudococciis longispinus 131 Guelder Rose — see Snowball. (rum — see Eucalyptus. Gumbo — see Hibiscus and Okra. Hackberry or Nettle Tree (Celiis spp.). Cottony cushion or fluted scale, Icerya purchasi i 110 Cottony maple or vine scale, Pulvinaria vitis 136 Mourning cloak butterfly, Euvanessa antiopa 461 Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaplies itlmi 190 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosiis 179 Putnam's scale, Aspidiotus ancylus 174 Hawkseed {Grcpis sp.). Bean thrips, Heliothrips fasciatus 52 Hawthorn (Cratcegiis oxycantha) . Clover-apple aphis. Aphis laJceri 88 Cottony maple or vine scale, Pulvinaria vitis 136 European fruit-tree scale, Aspidiotus ostrewformis 179 Frosted scale, Lecanium pruinosum 151 Green apple aphis. Aphis pomi 94 Oat Aphis, Aphis avenw 87 Oblique-banded leaf-roller, Archips rosaceana 441 Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphes ulmi 190 Pear or cheri-y slug, Caliroa cerasi 357 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus 179 Red-humped caterpillar, Schizura concinna 407 Rosy apple aphis, Aphis sorhi 96 Pcurfy scale, Chionaspis furfura . . 158 Shot-hole borer or fruit-tree bark-beetle, Eccoptogaster rugulosivs 311 Yellow-striped armyworm, Prodenia prwfica 402 Hazelnut {CoryJus spp.). Apple leaf-hopper, Empoasca mali 63 Imported currant borer, .^geria tipuliformis 428 Lintner's scale, Chionaspis lintneri 1.59 Oak twig-girdler, Agrilus politus 234 Oblique-banded leaf-roller, Archips rosaceana 441 Heath {Erica sp.). Greedy scale, Aspidiotus camellifr 175 Ivy or oleander scale, Aspidiotus hederw 177 Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphes ulmi 190 Heather {Callum vulgaris). European fruit-tree scale, Aspidiotus ostrewformis 179 Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphes ulmi 190 Hedera heli/"(■(^s f//^//iHOSMs) . Diplacus Ceroputo, Vvroimti) iniccw 125 Monkey Puzzler (Araucaria iiiihi irata) . Black araucaria scale, C'hrysomphalus rossi 185 Monstera {Monstera sp.). Thread scale, Ischnaspis longirostris 191 Moonfiower (Ipomcea bona-nox) . Citrus mealy bug, Pseudococcus citn 128 Cyanophyllum scale, Aspidiotus cyanophylli 176 Greenhouse Orthezia, Orthesia insignis 112 Long-tailed mealy bug, Pseudococcus longispinus 131 Two-spotted mite, Tetranychus telarius 16 Moosewood — see Leatherwood. Morning-glory (Convolvuhis spp.). Black-legged tortoise beetle, Cassida nigripes 257 Golden tortoise beetle, Coptoeycla bicolor 259 Iris white fly, Aleyrodes spirceoides 196 Lima bean symphylid, Scutigerella californica 21 Melon aphis, Aphis gossypii 90 Soft brown scale. Coccus hesperidum 143 Two-spotted mite, Tetranychus telarius 16 Yellow bear caterpillar, Diacrisia virginica 390 Morus — see Mulben-y. Mulberry {Morus sp.). Cottony maple or vine scale, Pulvinaria vitis 136 European fruit Lecanium, Lecanium corni 146 European peach scale, Lecanium persicw 149 Ivy or oleander scale, Aspidiotus hederw 177 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus 180 Soft brown scale, Coccus hesperidum 143 lii HOST INDEX. Mullein {Verhascum virgaium). Page Bean thrips, Hcliothnps fasciatiis 52 Murraya exotica — see Orange Jasmine. Musa sapientuni — see Banana. Mushroom (Agarieus campestris) . Dooryard sowbug, PorcelUo Iwvis 3 Muskmelon {Gucumis mclo) . Greenhouse white fly, Astcrocliiton vaporariorum 198 Lesser migratory grasshopper, Melanoplus atlanis 43 Melon aphis, Aphis gossijpii 90 Melon wonn, Diaphania hyalinata 431 Obscure 12-spotted cucumber beetle, Diahrotica 12-punctata tenella 273 Onion thrips, Thrips tahaci 5G Pale-striped flea-beetle, Siistcna hianda 285 Potato flea-beetle, Epiirix cucumeris 261 Spotted root fly, Exucsta notata 340 Squash-vine borer, Mclittia satyriniformis 430 Twelve-spotted cucumber beetle, Diahrotica 12-punctata 272 Two-spotted mite, Tetranychns telarius 16 Western 12-spotted cucumber beetle, Diahrotica soror 271 Western striped cucumber beetle, Diahrotica trivittata 274 Yellow bear caterpillar, Diacrisia virginica 390 Mustard (Brassica spp.). Bur clover or cowpea aphis. Aphis mcdicaginis 90 Cabbage aphis, Aphis hrassicw 89 False chinch bug, Nysius ericce 107 Grape leaf-hopper, Erythroneura comes 65 Green peach aphis, Rhopalosiphum persicw 98 Harlequin cabbage bug, Murgantia histrionica 201 Hop flea-beetle, PsylUodes punctulata 280 Imported cabbage woi-m, Pontia rapw 457 Lesser black plant-bug, Irhisia sencans 214 Lima bean symphlid, Sciitigerella californica 21 Seed-corn maggot, Phorhi^ fiisciceps 334 Striped turnip flea-beetle, PhyUotreta vittata 283 Sugar-beet wireworm, Limonius californicus 233 Western cabbage flea-beetle, PhyUotreta pusilla 281 Western flea-beetle, Hemiglyptus hasalis 260 Western striped flea-beetle, PhyUotreta ramosa 282 Western 12-spotted cucumber beetle, Diahrotica soror 271 Mustard, Hedge (Sisymhrium sp.). Serpentine leaf-miner, Agromyza pusiUa 346 Mustard, Treacle (Erysimum vulgare) . Parsnip plant louse, Siphocorync caprew '. 100 Myoporum {Myoporitm sp.). Black scale, Saissetia olew 154 Myrica {Myrica cerifera). Japanese or Mexican wax scale, Gcroplastes ceriferus 137 Myrsine {Myrsinc retusa) . Ivy or oleander scale, Aspidiotiis hcderw 177 Myrtle (Myrtiis communis). Barnacle scale, Ceroplastcs cirnpediformis 137 Citrus white fly, Dialenrodcs citri 196 Florida wax scale, Ceroplastcs floridciisis 138 Greedy scale, Aspidiotus cameUiw 175 Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphes ulmi 190 Rose scale, Aulacaspis rosw 170 Soft brown scale, Coccus hesperidum 143 HOST INDEX. liii Myrtle, Crape {Lagerstrosmia indica) . Page Citrus white fly, Dialeurodes citri 196 Alyrtus — see Myrtle. Narcissus (Narcissus sp.) — also see Daffodil. Narcissus bulb-fly, Merodon equestris 32G Nasturtium (Nasturtium spp.). Aphis viburni 94 Bean thrips, Heliothrips fasciatus 52 Imported cabbage worm, Fontia rapce 456,-157 Serpentine leaf-miner, Agromyza pusilla 346 Nectarine — see Peach. Negundo accroidcs — see Box-elder. Ncpcta cataria — see Catnip. Nephrodium (Nephrodimn sp.). Loug--tailed mealy bug, Pseudococeus longispinus 131 Ncrium oleander — see Oleander. Nettle (Urtica ureiis). Citrus mealy bug, Pseudococciis citri 12S Cottony cushion or fluted scale, Icerya purchasi 110 Green peach aphis, Rhopalosiphum persicw 98 Hop flea-beetle, Psylliodes punctulata 280 Sugar-beet wireworm, Limonius californicus 233 Thistle butterfly, Vanessa cardui 462 Nettle, Hedge (Stachys sp.). Serpentine leaf-miner, Agromyza pusilla 346 Nettle, Hemp (Galeopsis sp.). Serpentine leaf-miner, Agromyza pusilla 346 Nettle-tree — see Hackberry. Nicotiana — see Tobacco. Nightshade (Solanum spp.). Baker's mealy bug, Pseudococciis bakeri 126 Black scale, Saissetia olece 154 Citrus mealy bug, Psetulococcus citri 128 Cottony cushion or fluted scale, Icerya purchasi 110 Gray citrus scale, Coccus citricola 142 Greedy scale, Aspidiotus camelliw 175 Green tortoise beetle, Cassida pallidula 258 Iris white fly, Aleyrodes spirwoides 196 Ivy or oleander scale, Aspidiotus hederce 177 Pale-striped flea-beetle, Systena blanda 286 Potato flea-beetle, Epitrix cucumeris 261 Potato tuber moth, Phthorimcea operculella 448 Red scale, C'hrysomphalus aurantii 183 Solanum root plant louse, Trifidaphis radicicola 77 Nine Bark (Physocarpus sp.). Iris white fly, Aleyrodes spirwoides 196 Nutmeg, California (Torreya calif ornica) . Pine-leaf scale, Chiouaspis pinifoUw 1 1 Oryza satica — see Rice. Osmauthns iUcifolitis — see Devilwood. Pachysandra {Pachysandra terminalis) . Oyster-shell scale, Lcpidosaphes ulmi 190 Pwonia — see Peony. Palm — also see others listed following. Black araucaria scale, Chrysomplialus rossi 185 Black scale, Saissctia olew 154 Cyanophyllum scale. Aspidiottis cyanophylli 176 Fuller's rose beetle, Patitomortis fitllcri 298 Glover's scale, Lcpidosaphes gloverii 188 Greenhouse thrips, HeJiothrips hwmorrhoidalis 54 Greedy scale, Aspidiotus camelliw 175 Hemispherical scale, Saissctia hemisphwrica 152 Orange chionaspis, Chionaspis citri 157 Pineapple scale, Diaspis bromcUw 166 Red scale, Chrysomphalus aurantii 183 Thread scale, Ischiiaspis longirostris 191 Palm, California Fan {Washingtonia filifera) . Fuller's i-ose beetle, Pantomorus fuUcri 298 Red scale, Chrysomphalus aurantii — , 183 Palm, Curly (Howca helmorcana) . Tessellated or palm scale, Eucalymnatus tessellatus 140 Palm, Date (Phanix dacti/lifcra) — also see Palm. Date palm scale, Parlatoria hlanchardii 191 European fruit-tree scale, Aspidiotus ostrewformis 179 Florida red scale, Chrysomphalus aonidum 182 Ivy or oleander scale, Aspidiotus hederoe 177 Marlatt scale, Phocnicococcus marlatti 124 Red scale, Chrysomphalus aurantii 183 Soft brown scale. Coccus hesperidum 143 Palm, Fan {Latania horionica). Florida red scale, Chrysomphalus aonidum 182 Ivy or oleander scale, Aspidiotus hedcrw 177 Pineapple scale, Diaspis bromelim 166 Thread scale, L^chnaspis longirostris 191 Palm, Fish-tail {Caryota cumingii). Tessellated or palm scale, Eucalymnatus tessellatus 140 Palm, Fortune's (Trachycarpus excclsus) . Tessellated or palm scale, Eucalymnatus tessellatus 140 Palm, Guadeloupe {Erythea edulis) . Citrus mealy bug, Pseudococcus citri 128 Long-tailed mealy bug, Pseudococcus longispinus 131 Palm, Ivory-nut (Phytelephas macrocarpa) . European Fiorinia, Fiorinia fioriniw 172 Palm, Rattan (Calamus sp.). Tessellated or palm scale, Eucalymnatus tessellatus 140 Palm, Wine (Caryota uren^) . Tessellated or palm scale, Eucalymnatus tessellatus 140 Palmetto (Saial sp.). Thread scale, Ischnaspis longirostris 191 HOST INDEX. lix Panax quinqiicfolium — see Ginseng. Page Pandanus — see Screw Pine. Panicum — see Crab Grass and Millet. Parsley {Cariini petroseliniim) . California parsley caterpillar, Papilio zolicaon 455 Celerj- or parsley caterpillar, Papilio polyxenes 454 Parsnip plant louse, Siphocoryne caprew ICM) Parsnip {Pastinaca saliva). Parsnip leaf-miner, Acidia fratria 341 Parsnip plant louse, Siphocoryne caprew 100 Yellow bear caterpillar, Diacrisia virginica 390 Parsnip, Cow {Heracleum sphondylium) . Parsnip plant louse, Siphocoryne caprew 100 Parsnip, Giant Wild {Heracleum lantanum) . Parsnip leaf-miner. Acidia fratria 341 Wild parsnip leaf-miner, Phytomyza albiceps 349 Passlflora — see Passion Vine. Passion Vine {Passlflora spp.). Citrus mealy bug, Pseudococcus citri 128 Greedy scale, Aspidiottis camelliw 175 Omnivorous looper, Sahulodes caherata 419 Red scale, Chrysoniphahis aurantii 184 Two-spotted mite, Tetranychus telarius 16 Pastinaca — see Parsnip. Pea {Pisum spp.). Alfalfa catei-pillar, Eiirymus eurytheme 359 Alfalfa semi-looper, Phytometra californica 395 Armyworm, Cirphis unipuncta 396 Bean thrips, Heliothrips fasciatus 52 Bean weevil, Acanthoscelides obtectvs 287 Beet armyworm, Laphygma flavimaculata 400 Corn ear-worm, Chloridca obsoleta 397 Destructive pea aphis, Macrosiphum pisi 104 Lima bean symphylid, Scutigerclla californica 21 Obscure 12-spotted cucumber beetle, Dialrotica 12-punctata tenella 273 Pea weevil, Bruchus pisorum 288 Red spider, Bryohia pratensis 14 Seed-corn maggot, Phorbia fiisciceps 334 Serpentine leaf-miner, Agromyza pusilla 346 Two-spotted mite, Tetranychus telarius 16 Variegated cutworm, Lycophotia margaritosa 401 Western armyworm, Euxoa agrestis 398 Western radish maggot, Phorbia planipalpis 338 Western striped cucumber beetle, Diabrotica trivittata 274 Western 12-spotted cucumber beetle, Diabrotica soror 271 Yellow bear caterpillar, Diacrisia virginica 390 Pea, Chick {Cicer arietinum) . Granary weevil, Calandra granariu 307 Pea, Pigeon or Red-gram {Cajanus indicus). Black scale, Saissetia olew 154 Pea Tree {Caranga arborescens) . Bur clover or cowpea aphis, Aphis medicaginis 90 Peach {Prunus persica) . Bean thrips, Heliothrips fasciatus 52 Black fruit-tree beetle, Magdalis gracilis 302 Black peach aphis, Aphis persicw-niger 97 Black plant-bug, Irbisia brachycerus - — 213 Blue milkweed beetle, Chrysochns cobaltinus 259 Box-elder plant-bug, Leptocoris trivittatus 205 Ix HOST INDEX. Peach — ( Continued ) . Page Branch and twig-borer, Foh/caon confertus 239 Brown elm scale, Lecanium canadense 144 California peach borer, /I'Jgeria opalcseens 424 Cherry fruit saAvfiy, Hoplocampa cookei 359 Citrus red spider, TctranycJms mytilaspidis 15 Common termite, Terines lucifiif/iis 29 Corn ear-worm, Chloridea ohsoleta 397 Cottony cushion or fluted scale, Icerya purchasi 110 Cottony maple or vine scale, I'ulvinaria vitis 136 Devastating grasshopper, Melanopliis devastator 45 European fruit Lecanium, Lecanium corni 146 European fiiiit-tree scale, Aspidiotus ostrewformis _ 179 European or Italian pear scale, Epidiaspis piricola 172 European peach scale, Lecanium persicce 149 Flat-headed apple-tree borer, Ghrysohothris femorata 236 Forest teut-caterpillar, Malacosoma disstria 412 Frosted scale, Lecanium pruinosum 151 Fruit-tree Pulvinaria, Pulvinaria amygdali 135 Fruit-tree leaf Syneta, Sijneta albida 284 Green peach aphis, Rhopalosiphiim persicw 98 Hairy Phobetus, Phohctiis comatus 274 Hemispherical scale, Saissetia hemisphwrica 152 Nautical borer, Xyloterchiis nauticus 255 Net-winged cicada, Platypedia areolata 61 Oblique-banded leaf-roller, Archips rosaccana 411 Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphes ulmi 190 Peach tree borer, ^geria exitiosa 421 Peach twig-borer, Anarsia lineatella — _, , 445 Pear-leaf i-ust mite, Epitrimerus pyri 12 Pear thrips, Tceniothrips pyri , 57 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus 180 Putnam's scale, Aspidiotus ancylus 174 Red spider, Bryohia pratensis 14 Scurfy scale, Chionaspis furfura 158 Small gray leaf-weevil, Thricolepis inornata 301 Soft brown scale. Coccus hesperidum 143 Shot-hole borer or fruit-tree bark-beetle, Eccoptogaster riigulosus 311 Snowy tree-cricket, CEcanthiis niveus 32 Spotless fall web-worm, Hyphantria textor 391 Strawberry flea-beetle, Haltica ignita 267 Two-spotted mite, Tetranychus telarius 16 Walnut scale, Aspidiotus juglans-regiw . 178 Peanut {Arachis Jiypogwa). Two-spotted mite, Tetranychus telarius 16 Western 12-spotted cucumber beetle, Diahrotica soror 271 Yellow bear caterpillar, Diacrisia virginica 390 Pear {Pyrus communis). Apple leaf-hopper, Empoasca mali 63 Baker's mealy bug, Pseudococcus iakeri 126 Bean thrips, Hcliothrips fasciatus 52 Black scale, Saissetia olew 154 Branch and twig-borer, Polycaon confertus 239 Bur clover or cowpea aphis, Ajyhis medicaginis 90 California buckeye scale, Aspidiotus wsculi 173 California pear sawfly, Gymnonychus californicus 360 Cherry or calico scale, Lecanium cerasoi-um 146 Citrus red spider, Tetranychus mytilaspidis 15 Citrus thrips, Bcirtothrips citri 55 HOST INDEX. 1X1 Pear — (Continued). Page Citrus white fly, Dialeurodes citri 196 Clover-apple aphis, Aphis bakeri 88 Codlin-moth, Cydia pomonella 437 Colaspidca varicolor 275 Common termite, Termes lucifugus 29 Corn ear-worm, Ghloridca oisoleta 397 Cottony cushion or fluted scale, Iceri/a purchasi 110 Cottony maple or vine scale, Fulvinaria vitis 33G Devastating- grasshopper, Melanoplus devastator 45 European fruit Lecanium, Lecanium corni 146 European fruit-tree scale, Aspidiotus ostrewformis 179 European or Italian pear scale, Epidiaspis piricola 172 European peach scale, Lecanium persicce 149 Flat-headed apple-tree borer, Chrysobothris femorata 236 Florida wax scale, Chrysoinphahis floridensis 138 Forest tent-caterpillar, Malacosoma disstria 412 Fruit-tree leaf roller, Archips argyrospila 439 Fi'osted scale, Lecanium pruinosum 151 Fuller's rose beetle, Pantomorus fulleri 298 Gray leaf-beetle, Glyptoscelis longior 276 Greedy scale, Aspidiotus camelUw 175 Green apple aphis, Aphis pomi 94 Hairy Phobetus, Phobctus comatiis 247 Lesser shot-hole borer, Xyleborus xylographus 314 Melon aphis, Aphis gossypii 90 Oat aphis, Aphis avsnm 87 Oblique-banded leaf-roller, Archips rosaceana 441 Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphes ulmi 190 Pale-striped flea-beetle, Systena blanda 286 Pear-leaf blister-mite, Eriophyes pyri 68 Pear-leaf rust mite, Epitrimertis pyri 12 Pear Psylla, Psylla pyricola 67 Pear or cherry slug, Caliroa cerasi 357 Pear thrips, Tceniothrips pyri 57 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus 180 Putnam's scale, Aspidiotus ancyhis 174 Red-humped caterpillar, Schiisura concinna 407 Red scale, Chrysomphahis aurantii 184 Rose scale, Aulacaspis rosw 170 Rose leaf-hopper, Empoa rosw 62 Scurfy scale, (Jhionaspis furfvra 158 Shot-hole borer or fruit-tree bark-beetle, Eccoptogaster rugulosus 311 Soft brown scale, Coccus hesperidum 143 Spring cankerworm, Paleacrita vcrnata 417 Tarnished plant-bug, Lygus pratensis 212 Two-spotted mite, Tetranychus telarius 16 Variegated cutworm, Lycophotia margaritosa 401 Walnut scale, Aspidiotus juglans-regiw 178 Western twig-borei", Apatc punctipennis 238 White-lined scarabseid, Pohjphylla crinita 248 White-lined sphinx, Gclerio Uncuta 384 Woolly apple aphis, Eriosoma laiiigera SO Yellow-necked apple caterpillar, Datana ministra 406 Pear, Sand (Pyrns sinensis). Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus ISO Ixii HOST INDEX. Pecan {Carya pecan). Page American walnut aphis, Callipterus caryw 82 Cottony cusliion or fluted scale, Icerya purchasi 110 European fruit Lecanium, Lecanium corni 140 Flat-headed apple-tree borer, Chrysoiothris femorata 236 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus ISO Two-spotted mite, Tetranychiis telarhis 16 Pelargonium — see Geranium. Pellaea {Pellwa ha statu) . Greenhouse thrips, Hcliothrips hwmorrhoidalis 54 Pentas {Pentas sp.)- Orange Tortrix, Tortrix citrana 443 Peony (.P(eonia sp.)- Citrus mealy bug, Pseudococciis citri 128 Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphes ulmi 1^ Pepper (Capsicum annuuni). Armyworm, Cirphis unipuncta 396 Corn ear-woi-m, Chloridea obsoleta 397 Cottony cushion or fluted scale, Icerya purchasi 110 Green peach aphis, Rhopalosiphum persicw 98 Greenhouse Orthezia, Orthezia insignis 112 Greenhouse white fly, Asterochiton vaporariorum 198 Potato flea-beetle, Epitrix cucumeris 261 Serpentine leaf-miner, Agromyza pttsilla 346 Two-spotted mite, Tetranychiis tclarius 16 Pepper Bush, Sweet — see White Alder. Pepper Tree {Schintis' molle) . Aspidistra scale, Hemichionaspis aspidistrw 171 Black scale, Saissetia olew 154 Citrus thrips, Scirtothrips citri _ 55 Greedy scale, Aspidiotus camelliw 175 Hemispherical scale, Saissetia hemisphwrica 152 Ivy or oleander scale, Aspidiotus hederie 177 Omnivorous looper, Sahulodes caberata 419 Pepperwood — see California Laurel. Persea — see Avocado and Red Bay. Persimmon (Diospyros kaki) . Barnacle scale, Ceroplastes cirripediformis 137 Citrus white fly, Dialeurodes citri 196 Fuller's rose beetle, Pantomorus fulleri 298 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus ISO Petunia {Petunia sp.). Potato flea-beetle, Epitrix cucumeris 261 Phalaris arundinacea — see Reed Canary Grass. Phaseolus — see Bean. Phleum pratense — see Timothy. Phlox (Phlox spp.). Black scale, Saissetia olew 154 Greenhouse thrips, Heliothrips hwmorrhoidalis 54 Potato flea-beetle, Epitrix cucumeris 261 Soft brown scale. Coccus hesperidum 143 Two-spotted mite, Tetranychus telarius 16 Phwnix — see Date Palm. Phoradendron flavescens — see Mistletoe. Photinia (Photinia villosa). Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus 180 Phragmitcs vulgaris — see Common Reed. Physalis — see Ground Cherry and Poha. Physocarpus — see Nine Bark. HOST INDEX. ixiii Phytelcpluis macrocarpa — see Ivory-nut Palm. Pagk Picea — see Spruce. Pigweed {AmarantJius spp.). Beet armyworm, Laphi/fjDia fiavimaculata 400 Cottony cushion or fluted scale, Icenja purchasi 110 Green peach aphis, Rhopalosiphum prrsicw 98 Greenhouse Orthezia, Orthezia insignis 112 Harlequin cabbage bug, Murgantia histrionica 201 Melon aphis. Aphis gossijpii 90 Onion thrips, Thrips tabaci 5fi Solanum root plant louse, Trifidaphis radicicola 77 Sugar-beet wireworm, Limonius califortiicus 233 Twelve-spotted cucumber beetle, Diahrotica 12-punctata 272 Yellow bear caterpillar, Diacrisia virginica 390 Pimpinel {rinipinella sp.). Parsnip plant louse, Hiphocoi-yne caprcw lOD Pine {Pinus spp.). Cottony cushion or fluted scale, Icerya purchasi 110 Lesser shot-hole borer, Xylchorus xylugraphus 314 Monterey pine scale. Physokermes insignicola 155 Pine-leaf scale, Chioiiaspis pmifoliw 161 Pine, Digger {Pinus sahiniana). California pine-leaf scale, Aspidintus califoruicus 175 Pine-leaf scale, Vhionaspis piniioliw 161 Pine, Knob-cone (Pinus tuherculata) . California pine-leaf scale, Aspidiotus californicus 175 Pine, Monterey {Pinus radiata) . California pine-leaf scale, Aspidiotus californicus 175 Ivy or oleander scale, Aspidiotus hedcrw 177 Monterey pine aphis, Essigella californica 81 Monterey pine scale, Physokermes insignicola 155 Pine-leaf scale, Chionaspis pinifolice 161 Pine, Norfolk Island {Araucaria excelsa) . Araucaria Eriococcus, Eriococcus araucaria' 121 Golden mealy bug, Pseudococcus aurilauatus 125 Greenhouse thrips, Hcliothrips hwmorrhoidalis 54 Pine, Red or Norway {Pinus resinosa). Pine-leaf scale, Chionaspis pinifoliw 161 Pine, Screw {Pandanus sp.). Thread scale, Ischuaspis longirostris 191 Pine, Yellow {Pinus ponderosa) . California pine-leaf scale, Aspidiotus californicus 175 Monterey pine aphis, Essigella californica 81 Pine-leaf scale, Chionaspis pinifoliw 1(51 Pineapple {Anauas sativus). Pineapple scale, Diaspis hromeliw 16r; Pinguin {Bromelia pinguin) . Pineapple scale, Diaspis bromeliw 166 Pink {Dianthus spp.) — also see Carnation. Greenhouse white fly, Hcliothrips hwmorrhoidalis 54 Two-spotted mite. Tetranychus telarius 54 Pinus — see Pine. Pistacia {Pistacia vera). Red scale, Chrysomphalus aurantii 184 Pis urn — see Pea. Pittosporum {Pittosporum spp.). Cottony cushion or fluted scale, Icerya purchasi 110 Greedy scale, Aspidiotus camelliw 175 Gv.'pu apple aphis. Aphis pomi (not listed). Ixiv HOST INDEX. Plane Tree — see Sycamore. Page Plantain {Plantago spp.). Beet armjworm, Laphpyma fiavimaculata 400 Iris white fly, Aleyrodes spirwoides 196 Melon aphis. Aphis gossypii 90 Potato flea-beetle, Epitrix cucumeris 261 Serpentine leaf-miner, Agromyza pusilla 346 Platanus — see Sycamore. Plum ( Pru n us doinestica ) . Apple leaf-hopper, Empoasca mali 63 Black peach aphis, Aphis persicw-niger 92 Black scale, Saissetia olew 154 Box-elder plant-bug, Leptocoris trivittatus 205 California peach borer, JEgeria opalescens 424 Cherry fruit sawfly, Hoplocampa cookei 359 Cottony maple or vine scale, Pulvinaria vitis 136 Destructive Eleodes, Eleodcs omissa borealis 292 Devastating grasshopper, Melanopliis devastator 45 European fruit Lecanium, Lecanium corni 146 xiiuropean fruit-tree scale, Aspidiotus ostreceformis 179 European or Italian pear scale, Epidiaspis piricola 172 European peach scale, Lecanium persicce 149 Fall cankerworm, Alsophila pometaria 415 Flat-headed apple-tree borer, Chrysohothris fcniorata 236 Forest tent-caterpillar, Malacosoma disstria 412 Frosted scale, Lecanium pruinosum 151 Fruit-tree leaf-roller, Archips argyrospila — 439 Fruit-tree Pulvinaria, Pulvinaria amygdali 135 Fruit-tree sericas, Serica spp 250 Green peach aphis, Rhopalosiphum persicce 98 Harlequin cabbage bug, Murgantia histrionica 201 Hop aphis, Phorodon humuli 102 Ivy or oleander scale, Aspidiotus hederw 177 Lesser shot-hole borer, Xyleborus xylographus 314 Mealy plum plant louse, Hyalopterus arimdinis 85 Oat aphis. Aphis avctue 87 Oblique-banded leaf-roller, Archips rosaceana 441 Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphes ulmi 190 Peach tree borer, ^geria exitiosa 421 Peach twig-borer, Anarsia lineatella 445 Pear or cherry slug. Caliroa cerasi 357 Pear thrips, Twuiothrips pyri 57 Pei-nicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus ISO Putnam's scale, Aspidiotus ancylus 174 Red-humped caterpillar, Schizura concinna 407 Red spider, Bryohia pratensis 14 Rusty or antique tussock moth, Notolophus antiqua 211 Scurfy scale, Chionaspis furfura 158 Shot-hole borer or fruit-tree bark-beetle, Eccoptogaster rugulosus 311 Small gray leaf weevil, ThricoJepis inornata 301 Snowy tree-cricket, (Ecanthus niveus 32 Social scarabfeid, Cocnonycha socialis • 241 Soft brown scale. Coccus hesperidum 143 Spring cankerwoi-m, Paleacrita vernata 417 Two-spotted mite, Tetranychus telarius 16 Walnut scale, Aspidiotus juglans-regice 178 White-lined sphinx, Celerio lineata 384 Yellow-necked apple catei-pillar, Datana ministra 406 HOST INDEX. IXV Plum, Bullace or Damson {Pniiuis spinosa dainasccna) . Page Green peach aphis, Rhopalosiphuiti perskw 98 Plum, Java (Priinus sp.). Fuller's rose beetle, Pantomorus fiillcri 208 Plum, Sierra (Prunus subcordafo) . Groat Basin teut-caterpillar, Malacosoma fragilis . 411 Plum, Wild iPnmiis sp.). Black peach aphis, Aphis persicw-niger 92 Peach tree borer, JEgetia cxitiosa 421 Walnut scale, Aspidlotits jiiglans-iegke 178 Plumbago — see Leadwort. Poa — see Meadow Grass, Canada Blue Grass and Kentucky Blue Grass. Podocarpus (Podocarpiis sp.). European Fiorinia, Fiorinia fioriniw 172 Red scale, Chrysomphalus aitrantii 184 Poha {Phi/saUs peruviana) — also see Ground Cherry. Tobacco flea-beetle, Epitrix ciicinneris 2G2 Poinsettia (Eiipliorhia pulcherrima) . Citrus mealy hug, Pscudococcus citri 128 Cottony cushion or fluted scale, Icerya piirchasi 110 Pohigoiniiu — see Wire Grass and Smartweed. Pomaderris {Poinadcrris apctahi). Purple scale, LcpidosapJics hcclii 186 Pomegranate (Piinica granatum) . Black scale, Saissetia olew 154 Citrus thrips, Scirtothrips citri 55 Citrus white fly, Dialeurodes citri 196 Cottony cushion or fluted scale, Icerya piirchasi 110 Florida wax scale, Ccroplastes floridensis 138 Greedy scale, Aspidiotus camclliw 175 Ivy or oleander scale, Aspidiotns hederw 177 Pomelo — see Grapefruit. Poplar {Popiihis spp.). Agromyza schincri 347 Alder flea-beetle, Haltica himarginata 20(3 Bead-like cottonwood gall-louse, Tecabius populinioitilis 77 Black scale, Saissetia olew 154 California buckeye scale, Aspidiotus wscuU 173 California Prionus, Prionus califoruicus 252 Cottonwood scale, Chionaspis ortholobis 160 Cottony maple or vine scale, Pulvinaria vitis 136 European fruit-tree scale, Aspidiotus ostrcwformis 179 Fruit-tree leaf-roller, Archips argyrospila 439 Fruit-tree leaf Syneta, Syneta albida 284 Mottled cottonwood plant louse, Thomasia popidicola : 81 Mourning cloak buttei"fly, Euvanessa antiopa 461 Oblique-banded leaf-roller, Archips rosaceana 441 Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphcs uhni 190 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus 180 Poplar-stem gall-louse. Pemphigus popuUcaulis 76 Scurfy scale, Chionaspis furfura 158 Soft brown scale, Coccus hcsperidum 143 Transverse poplar-stem gall-louse. Pemphigus popuUtransversus 70 Two-spotted mite, Tctranychus telarius 17 Willow scale, Chionaspis salicis-nigrw 163 Poppy, California {Eschscholfzia spp.). Infernal blister beetle, Lytta stygica 294 Popuhis — see Cottonwood, Poplar, Aspen, Balm of Gilcad. E— 13G64 Ixvi PIOST INDEX. Portulaca — see Purslane. Potato (Solaniim tuberosum). Page Apple leaf-hopper, Empoasca mali G3 Armyworm, Cirphis unipuncta 396 Baker's mealy bug, Pseudococcus bakeri 126 Beet armyworm, Laphygma flavimacuJata 400 Black plant-bug, Irhisia hrachijcerus 213 Common milliped, Julus hesperiis 19 Cottony cushion or fluted scale, Icerya purchasi 110 Differential grasshopper, Melanoplus differ entialis 46 Dooryard sowbug, Porcellio laevis 3 Drosophila iusckii 343 Eelvvorm, Heterodera radicicola 494 False chinch bug, Nysius ericcc 207 Ohjptina cerina 263 Green peach aphis, Rhopalosiphum persicw 98 Harlequin cabbage bug, Murgantia histrionica 201 Hop flea-beetle, Psylliodes punctulata 280 Lesser migratory grasshopper, Melanoplus atlanis 43 Obscure 12-spottcd cucumber beetle, Diahrotica 12-punctata tenella 273 Pale-winged grasshopper, Melanoplus tiniformis 47 Potato flea-beetle, Epitrix cucumeris 261 Potato stalk borer, Trichobaris trinotata 305 Potato tuber moth, Phtliorimwa operculella 448 Sand or Jerusalem cricket, Stenopelniatus irregularis 38 Seed-corn maggot, Phorbia fusciceps 334 Serpentine leaf-miner, Agromysa pusilla 346 Solanum root plant louse, Trifidaphis radicicola 77 Spotted blister beetle, Epicauta maculata 292 Sugar-beet wireworm, Limonins californicus 233 Tobacco flea-beetle, Epitrix parvula- 262 Tobacco worm, Protoparce qiiinquemaculata 385 Tomato worm, Protoparce sexta 387 Valley grasshopper, (Edaleonotus enigma 48 Variegated cutworm, Lycophotia margaritosa 401 Western armyworm, Euxoa agrestis 398 Western potato flea-beetle, Epitrix subcrinita 264 Western 12-spotted cucumber beetle, Diabrotica soror 271 Wireworms 232 Potato, Sweet {Ipomoea batatas). Black-legged tortoise-beetle, Cassida nigripes 257 Golden tortoise-beetle, (Joptocycla bicolor 259 Potato flea-beetle, Epitrix cucumeris 261 Seed-corn maggot, Phorbia fusciceps 334 Yellow bear caterpillar, Diacrisia virginica 390 Potato Vine {Solanum jasminoides) . Baker's mealy bug, Pseudococcus bakeri 126 Citrus mealy bug, Pseudococcus citri 128 Prickly pear — see Opuntia. Primrose {Primula spp.). Bur clover or cowpea aphis. Aphis medicaginis 90 Fuller's rose beetle, Pantomorus fulleri 298 Greenhouse white fly, Astcrochiton vaporariorum 198 Long-tailed mealy bug, Pseudococcus longispinus 131 Primrose, Evening {GEnothera spp.). Potato flea-beetle, Epitrix cucumeris 261 Steel-blue grapevine flea-beetle, Haltica carinata 266 Strawberry flea-beetle, Haltica ignita 267 White-lined sphinx, Celerio lineata 384 HOST INDEX. Ixvii Primula— see Primrose. Privet, California (Ligustrum ovalifoUum) . Page Black scale, Saissetia olew 1,54 Citrus white fly, Dialcurodes citri 196 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosas 180 Privet, Common (Ligiistrum vulgare). Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus ISO Red scale, Chryso)nphahts aurantii 184 Privet, Golden {Ligustnim sp.). Citrus white fly, Dialeurodes citri 190 Prosopis — see Mesquit. Prune {Primus domestica galatensis) . Black peach aphis, Rhopalosiphum persicw 92 Black scale, Saissetia olew 1,54 Blue milkweed beetle, Chrysochus cohaltinus 259 Branch and twig-borer, Polycaon confertus 239 Brown day moth, Pseudohazis eglanterina 388 California case-bearer, Colcophora sacramenta 451 California peach borer, ^Egeria opalescens 424 California Prionus, Prionus californicus 252 Cherry or calico scale, Lecanimn cerasorum 146 Cherry fruit sawfly, Hoplocampa cookei 359 Citrus red spider, Tctranychus mytilaspidis 1,5 Common cutworm, Euxoa atoinaris 399 Devastating grasshopper, Melanoplus devastator 45 European fruit Lecanium, Lcvanium corni 146 European or Italian pear scale, Epidiaspis piricola 172 European fruit-tree scale, Aspidiotus ostrewformis 179 Eurymctopon cylindricum 291 Fall cankerworm, Alsophila pometaria 415 Flat-headed apple-tree borer, Chrysobothris femorata 236 Frosted scale, Lecanium pruinosum 151 Fruit-tree leaf-roller, Archips agyrospila 439 Fruit-tree leaf Syneta, Syneta albida 284 Fruit-tree Pulvinaria, Pulvinaria amygdali 135 Fruit-tree sericas, Serica spp 250 Mealy plum plant louse, H yaloptcrus arundinis 85 Oblique-banded leaf-roller, Ai-chips rosaccana 441 Peach tree borer, JEgeria cxitiosa 421 Peach twig-borer, Anarsia lineatella 445 Pear thrips, Twniothrips pyri 57 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus 180 Red-humped caterpillar, Schizura concinna 407 Red spider, Bryohia pratensis 14 Small gray leaf-weevil, Thricolepis inornata 301 Soft brown scale. Coccus hesperidum 143 Spring cankerworm, Paleacrita vernata 417 Two-spotted mite, Tetranychus telarius 16 Two-striped leaf-beetle, Luperodes iivittaius 277 Walnut scale, Aspidiotus juglans-regiw 178 Western striped cucumber beetle, Diabrotica tririttata 274 Western 12-spotted cucumber beetle, Diabrotica soror 271 Yellow-necked apple caterpillar, Datana ministra 400 Prunns — see Almond, Apricot, Blackthorn, Cherry, Choke Cherry, Mock Olive, Peach, Plum, Prune. Prunus {Primus andersoni) . Buffalo tree-hooper, Ccrcsa bubalus 62 Pseudotsuga — see Spruce. Psidium — see Guava. Ixviii lIOaT INDEX. Ptclca — see Hop Tree. Pumpkin {Oiicurhita pcpo) . Page Citrus mealy bug, Pscitdococcus citri 12S Corn ear-worm. Chloridca ohsoleta 397 Potato flea-beetle, Epitrix cucumeris 2C31 Squash bug, Anasa trisiis 202 Squash-vine borer, Melittia satyriniformis i-'>0 Twelve-spotted cucumber beetle, Diabrotica 12-pnnciata 272 Two-spotted mite, Tetranyclius telarius 16 Western striped cucumber beetle, Diahrotica trivittata 274 Yellow bear caterpillar, Diacrisia vvrginica 390 Punka granaium — see Pomegranate. Purslane (Portulaca oleracea) . Citrus thrips, Scirtothrips citri rjO Cottony cushion or fluted scale, Icenja p)irchasi 110 False chinch bug, Nijsius ericce 207 Pale-striped flea-beetle, 8ystc)ia hhiiida 286 Purslane, Sea — see Atriplex. Pyrus — see Apple, Crab Apple, Chokeberry, Pear, Sand Pear. Quercus — see Oak. Quince {Cydonia oblonga). Barnacle scale, Ceroplastcs cirripediformis 137 Codlin-moth, Cydia pomonella 437 Cottony cushion or fluted scale, Icerija purchasi 110 Cottony maple or vine scale. Pulvinaria vitis 136 Devastating grasshopper, Mclanoplus devastator 65 European fruit Lecanium, Lecanium corni 146 Florida wax scale, Ceroplastcs floridensis 138 Fruit-tree leaf-roller, Archips argyrospila 439 Greedy scale, Aspidiotus camelliw — 175 Green apple aphis. Aphis pomi 94 Oat aphis, Aphis avenw 87 Red spider, Bryohia pratensis 14 Scurfy scale, Chionaspis fin-fura 15S Shot-hole borer or fruit-tree bark-beetle, Eccoptogaster rtignlosiis 311 Yellow-necked apple caterpillar, Datana ministra 40G Quince, Japanese or Flowering (Gho'iiomeles japonica). Baker's mealy bug, Pseudococcus baleri 12G European peach scale, Lecanium persicw 149 Greedy scale, Aspidiotus camellice 175 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus 180 Padicula — see Horse Radish and Water Cress. Radish {Raphanus sativus) . Armyworm, Cirphis unipuncta 396 Bean thrips, Heliothrips fasciatus 52 Black plant-bug, Irbisia brachycerus 212 Cabbage aphis. Aphis brassicw 89 False chinch bug, Nysius erica; 207 Green peach aphis, Rhopalosiphum persicw 98 Harlequin cabbage bug. Murgantia histrionica 201 Hop flea-beetle, Psylliodes pnnctulata 280 Imported cabbage worm, Pontia rapw 457 Lima bean symphylid, Scutigerella calif ornica 21 Potato flea-beetle, Epitrix cucumeris 261 Pomace fly, Drosophila melanogaster 343 Seed-corn maggot. Phorbia fusciceps 334 Serpentine leaf-miner, Agromyza pusilla 346 Striped turnip flea-beetle, Phyllotreta vittata 238 Variegated cutworm, Lycophotia maragritosa 401 HOST INDEX. IXIX Radish — (Coutiuued) . Page Western araiyworm, Enxoa agrestis ; 39S Western cabbage flea-beetle, Phyllotrcta pusilla 281 Western flea-beetle, Hcmighjptus hasalis 2G0 Western radish maggot, Phorhia planipalpis 338 Western striped flea-beetle, Phyllotrcta ramosa 282 Yellow bear caterpillar, Diacrisiu virginica 3fJ0 Ragweed {Amhrosia spp.)- Cottony cushion or fluted scale, Icerya purchasi 110 Grape leaf-hopper, Erythroneura comes 65 Harlequin cabbage bug, Murgantia histrionica . 201 Oblique-handed leaf-rollei", Archips rosaceana 441 Red composite aphis, Macrosiphum rudbeckiw 107 Yellow bear caterpillar, Diacrisia virginica 390 Ramoiia — see Black Sage and White Sage. Rape {Brassica napus). Harlequin cabbage bug, Murgantia histrionica 201 Imported cabbage worm, Pontia rapw 457 Serpentine leaf-miner, Agromyza pusilla 281 Western cabbage flea-beetle, Phyllotrcta pusilla 281 Raphanus safinis — see Radish. Raspberry {Ruhiis spp.). Apple leaf-hopper, Empoasca malt 03 Blue sharpshooter, Tcttigoniella circellata 60 California tree-cricket, (Ecanthus californicus 31 Citrus thrips, Scirtothrips citri 5.5 Flat-headed apple-tree borer, Chrysbothris f?morata 236 Fruit-tree leaf-roller, Archips argyrospila 4.30 Fuller's rose beetle, Pantomortts fnlleri 208 Grape learf-hopper, Erythroneura comes 65 Oblique-banded leaf-roller, Archips rosaceana 441 Oyster-.shell scale, Lcpidosaphcs iilmi 190 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus pcrniciosus 180 Potato flea-beetle, Epitrix cucumeris ■ 261 Raspberry horntail, Uartigia cressoni 3.54 Rose scale, Aulacaspis rosw 170 Rose snout-beetle, Rhynchites hicolor 317 Scurfj^ scale, Ghionaspis furfura 158 Snowy tree-cricket, CEcanthus niveiis 32 Strawberry crown moth, JEgcria rutilans 425 Two-spotted mite, Tctranychus telarius 16 Y'ellow bear caterpillar, Diacrisia virginica .390 Rattle-weed — see Loco-weed. Red-bud or Judas-tree {Cercis sp.). Greedy scale, Aspidiotus canicllixe 175 Ivy or oleander scale, Aspidiotus hedcrw 175 Redwood, Coast {Sequoia sempervirens). Citrus mealy bug, Pseudocoecus citri 128 Cypress twig-borer, Phlocosinus cristatus 312 Red-gram — see Pigeon Pea. Reed, Common (Phragmitcs vulgaris). Mealy plum plant louse, Hyalopterus arundlnis 84, 85 Reineckia {Reineckia cornea). Soft brown scale. Coccus hcspcridum 143 Reseda — see Mignonette. Rest Harrow {Ononis rotundifolia) . Serpentine leaf-miner, Agromyza pusilla 340 Rhamnus — see Buckthorn. IXX HOST INDEX. Rhapis (Rhapis flabelliformis) . Page Tessellated or Palm Scale, Eucalymnatus tessdlatus 140 Rheum rhaponticum — see Rhubarb. Rhinocarpus {RMnocarpus sp.). Black araucaria scale, Chrysomphalus rossi 185 Rliododendron — see Azalea. Rhubarb (Rheum rhaponticum). Apple leaf-hopper, Empoasca mali 63 Black plant-bug, Irhisia brachycerus . 213 Bur clover or cowpea aphis. Aphis medicaginis 90 Green dock beetle, Gastroidea cyanea 275 Green peach aphis, Rhopalosiphum persicce 98 Hop flea-beetle, PsylUodes punctulata 280 Potato fiea-beetle, Epitrix cucumeris 261 Western armyworm, Eiixoa agrestis 298 Yellow bear caterpillar, Diacrisia virginica 390 Rhus — see Sumach. Ri:bes — see Currant and Gooseberry. Rice {Oryza sativa) . Rice weevil, C'alandra orysw 308 Ricinus communis — see Castor Bean. Roiinia pseudacacia — see Locust. Rock-cress (Arabis sp.) . Senientine leaf-miner, Agromyza pusilla 346 Roripa nasturtium — see Water Cress. Rose {Rosa spp.). Apple leaf-hopper, Empoasca mali 63 Beautiful Hoplia, Hoplia dispar 243 Black scale, Saissetia olew '. 154 Citrus thrips, Scirtothrips citri * 55 Cottony cushion or fluted scale, Icerya purchasi 110 Cottony maple or vine scale, Pulvinaria vitis 186 European peach scale, Lecaninm persicw 149 Flat-headed apple-tree borer, Chrysoiothris femorata 286 Florida red scale, Chrysomphalus aonidum 182 Frosted scale, Lecanium pruinosum 151 Fruit-tree leaf-roller, Archips argyrospila 439 Fuller's rose beetle, Pantomorus fulleri 298 Grapevine Hoplia, Hoplia callipyge 241 Greedy scale, Aspidiotns camellia; 175 Greenhouse white fly, Asterochiton vaporarionim 198 Harlequin cabbage bug, Murgantia histrionica 201 Hemispherical scale, Saissetia hemisphwrica 152 Iris white fly, Aleyrodes spirwoides 196 Large rose aphis, Macrosiphum rosw 105 Oblique-banded leaf-roller, Archips rosaceana 441 Orange Tortrix, Tortrix citrana 442 Oj'ster-shell scale, Lepidosaphes ulmi 190 Omnivorous looper, Sabulodes caberata 419 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus 180 Raspberry horntail, Uartigia cressoni 354 Red scale, Chrysomphahis aurantii 184 Red and yellow leaf-beetle. Crypt ocephalus castaneus 269 Rhopalosiphum nervatum 99 Rose leaf-hopper, Empoa rosw 62 Rose scale, Aulacaspis rosw 170 Rose snout beetle, Rhynchites bicolor 317 Rusty or antique tussock moth, Notolophus antiqua 411 Small green rose aphis, Myzus rosarum 99 HOST INDEX. Ixxi Rose — (Continued). Page Soft brown scale, Coccus hesperidum 143 Two-spotted mite, Tetranychus telarius Ifi Walnut scale, Aspidiotus juglans-regiw 174 Western 12-spotted cucumber beetle, Diabrotica soror 271 Rose Rock iHcIianfUemum chariuccistus) . Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphes ulmi 190 Rose, Wild {Rosa sp.)- Great basin tent-catei-pillar, Malacosoma fragilis 411 Rosin Weed {Silphium laciniatum) . Red composite aphis, Macrosiphum riidbeckiw 107 Rowan Tree — see European Mountain Ash. Rubber, India (Ficiis elastica). Black scale, Saissetia olew ^ 154 European Fiorinia, Fiorinia fioriniw 172 Florida red scale, Chrysomplialus aonidum 182 Soft brown scale. Coccus hesperidum 143 Yellow scale, Chrysomphalus citrinus 185 Ruhia peregrina — see Madder, Rubus — see Blackberry, Dewberry, Loganberry, Raspberry. Rudbeckia — see Cone-flower. Rumex — see Dock, Cauaigre, Sorrel. Ruscus — see Butcher's broom. Russian Thistle {Halsola kali tragus). Beet leaf-hopper, Eutcttix tenella 64 Sugar-beet leaf-beetle, Monoxia puncticollis 279 Yellow bear caterpillar, Diacrisia virginica 390 Rutabaga {Brassica campcstris) — also see Cabbage and Mustard. Cabbage aphis. Aphis brassiere 89 Western radish maggot, Phorbia planipalpis 338 Rye {Secale cereale) . Oat aphis. Aphis avenw 87 Tarnished plant-bug, Lygus prateiisis 212 Twelve-spotted cucumber beetle, Diabrotica 12-punciata 272 Western grass-stem sawfly, Cephas oecidentalis 352 Rye, Wild {Elymus spp.). Oat aphis, Aphis avenw 87 Hessian fly, Phytophaga destructor 322 Rye, California Wild (Elynius condensatus) . Oat aphis, Aphis avenw 87 Smith's Ripersia, Ripersia smithii 132 Western grass-stem sawfly, Cephas oecidentalis 352 kiabal — see Palmetto. Sage (Salvia spp.). Greedy scale, Aspidiotus camelliw 175 Greenhouse Orthezia, Orthezia insignis 112 Greenhouse white fly, Asterochiton vaporariorum 198 Two-spotted mite, Tetranychus telarius 10 Sage, Black {Ramona stachyoides) . Diplacus Ceroputo, Ceroputo yuccw 125 Sage, California (Artemisia californica) Black scale, Saissetia olew 154 Clover-apple aphis, Aphis bakeri 88 Diplacus Ceroputo, Ceroputo yuccw 1-5 Orthezia artemisiw 111^ Wheat thrips, Franklimella tritici 51 White bud-weevil, Eupagoderes mortivallis ^- 297 White sage mealy bug, Pseudoeoecus craivii 130 Ixxii HOST INDEX. Sage, White {Rainona polystaohya) . Page White sage mealy bug, Pseudococcus crawii 130 Sago Palm {Cycas rcvoluta) . Black scale, Haissetia olew 154 Cyauoplijilum scale, Aspidiotus cyanophylU 176 European Fiorinia, Fiorinia fiorinice 171, 172 Florida red scale, Chrysomphalus aonidum 182 Hemispherical scale, Saissetia hemisphwrica 152 Ivy or oleander scale, Aspidiotus hederw 177 Long-tailed mealy bug, Pseudococcus longispinus 131 Pineapple scale, Diaspis broineliw 16G Red scale, Chrysomphalus aurantii 184 Rose sca!e, Anlacaspis rosw 170 Soft brown scale. Coccus hesperidum 143 Zamia scale, Diaspis samiw 168 St. John's Wort {Hypericum sp.). Potato flea-beetle, Epitrix cucumcris 261 Salix — see Willow. Salsola kali tragus — see Russian Thistle. Saltbush — see Atriplex. Saltonia {Saltonia sp.). Narcissus bulb-fly, Mcrodon cquestris 326 Salvia — see Sage. Samiucus — .see Elder. Sai)iu7n — see Tallow Tree. Sarcobatus (Sarcohatus sp.). Beet leaf-hopper, Eutettix tcnclla , 64 Sarsaparilla {Aralia nudicaulis). Cottony maple or vine scale, Pulvinaria vitis 136 Potato flea-beetle, Epitrix cuciimeris 261 Sassafras (Sassafras officinale). Oyster-shell scale, Lcpidosaphes ulmi 190 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus ISO Saxifrage or Umbrella Plant {Saxifraga peltata) . California grape root-worm, Bromius ohscurus 2.56 Schimis mollc — see Pepper Tree. Scilla—see Squill. Scirpus — see Bulrush and Tule. Sea Blite (Dondia sp.). Beet leaf-hopper, Eiitettix tcnsUa 64 Secale cercalc — see Rye. Sedge — see Bulrush. Sedum {Sedum sp.). Greedy scale, Aspidiotus cuineUiw 175 Scnecio — see Groundsel. Senna (Cassia sp.). Bur clover or cowpea aphis, Aphis mcdicaginis 90 Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphes ulmi 190 Serpentine leaf-miner, Agromyza pusilla 346 Sequoia sempervirens — see Coast Redwood. Service-berry — see Shad-bush. Shad-bush or Service-berry (AtncJanchier canadensis) . Pear-leaf blister-mite, Eriophycs pyri 8 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus 180 Scurfy scale, Chionaspis furfura 1.58 Willow scale, Chionaspis saJicis-nigne 163 HO.-^T INDEX. Ixxiii Shepherd's-purse (Biirsd hursa-pastoiDi) . Page Bur clo\er or cowpea aphis, Aphis mcdicaginis 90 Cabbage aphis, .^phis hrassicw 89 Green peach aphis, Rhopalosiphum pcrsicw 98 Melon aphis. Aphis gossypii 90 Oat aphis. Aphis avcnw 87 Silver-berrj- — see Silver Thoru. Silver Oak — see Grevillea. Sisijmhriittn — see Hedge Mustard. Smartweed {Folygomtm sp.) — also see Knotweed. Oblique-bauded leaf-roller, Aichips rosaccana 441 Smilax (Smiiaj; spp. ). Citrus white fly, Dialsnrodcs citri 19G Greenhouse thrips, HcUothrips hwmorrhoidalis 54 Two-spotted mite, Tetranychus telarius IG Smoke Bush (Rhus cotiniis) — also see Sumach. reniicious or Sau Jose scale, Aspidiotiis perniciosiis 180 Snapdragon lAitthirrhiiinm sp.). Green peach aphis, Rhopalosiphum persicw 98 Snowball (Vihuniunt opulus). Aphis lihunii 94 Apple leaf-hopijer, Empoasca mall 03 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus pcniiciosus ISO Snowberry {Si/mphoricarpos }-accmosus) . Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus 180 Sobraiia — see Orchids. Solanum (Solanum spp.) — also see Nightshade. Potato, Potato Vine, Horse Nettle, Bittersweet, Eggplant and Jerusalem Cherry. Barnacle scale, Ccroplastes cirripediformis 137 Citrus thrips, Scirtothrips citri 55 Tobacco flea-beetle, Epitrix parvula 262 Yellow bear caterpillar, Diacrisia virgiiiica 390 Solidago — see Goldeurod. i$onchus — see Sow Thistle. Sophora {Sophora sp.). Bur clover or cowpea aphis, Aphis medicagiiiis 90 Sorius—see Chokeberry and Mountain Ash. Sorghum (Sorghum spp.) — also see Broom Corn and Johnson Grass. Oat aphis. Aphis avcnw 87 Obscure 12-spotted cucumber beetle, Diabrotica 12-punctata tciicUa 273 Sorrel (Rumex spp.). Hop flea-beetle, PsyUiodcs punctulata 280 Potato flea-beetle, Epitrix cucumcris 201 Sour Gum (Xyssa sylvatica). Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus 180 Spanish Needle or Spanish Bayonet (Yucca sp.) — also see Yucca. Y'ellow bear caterpillar, Diacrisia virginica 390 Spartiua foliosa — see Cord Grass. Spear-grass — see Meadow Grass. Spearmint (Mentha spicata) . Cottony cushion or fluted scale, Icerya purchasi 110 Speedwell — see Iron-weed. Spice Bush (Benzoin wstivale) . Lintner's scale, Chionaspis Untneri 159 Spinach (Spinacia oleracea) . Beet or spinach leaf-miner, Pegomyia vicina 333 Green peach aphis, Rhopalosiphum persicw 98 Melon aphis. Aphis gossypii 90 Ixxiv HOST INDEX. Spinach — (Coutinned). Page Potato flea-beetle, Epitrix cuciimeris 261 Serpentine leaf-miner, Agromyza pusiUa 34G Western 12-spotted cucumber beetle, Diabrotica soror 271 Spindle-tree — see Euonymus. Spiraea {SpircBa spp.)- Cottony maple or vine scale, Pulvinaria vitis 136 Green apple aphis, Aphis pomi (not listed). Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphes ulmi 190 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus 180 Spoon-wood — see Calico Bush. Spruce (Picea sp.). Lesser shot-hole borer, Xylehorus xi/lographus 314 Pine-leaf scale, Chionaspis j^inifolue 161 Spruce, Blue (Picea parryana) . Cooley's Chermes, Chermes cooleyi "5 Spruce, False {Pseudotsuga douglasii) . Cooley's Chermes, Chermes cooleyi T5 Spruce, Douglas (Pseudotsuga taxifolia). Cooley's Chermes, Chermes cooleyi ^S Spurge (Euphorbia sp.). False chinch bug, Nysius ericce "-07 Spurge, Cypress (Euphorbia cyparissias) . Serpentine leaf-miner, Agromyza pusilla 316 Squash (Cucurbifa maxima and C moschata) . Corn ear-worm, Chloridea obsoleta 307 Drosophila busckii 343 Harlequin cabbage bug, Murgantia histrionica 201 Melon worm. Diaphania hyalinata _ 431 Obscure 12-spotted cucumber beetle, Diabrotica 12-punctata tenella 273 Potato flea-beetle, Epitrix cucumeris 261 Squash bug, Anasa tristis 202 Squash-vine borer, Melittia satyriniformis 430 Tobacco flea-beetle, Epitrix parvula 262 Twelve-spotted cucumber beetle, Diabrotica 12-punctata 272 Two-spotted mite, Tetranychus telarius ■ 17 Western striped cucumber beetle, Diabrotica trivittata 274 Western 12-spotted cucumber beetle, Diabrotica soror 271 Yellow bear caterpillar, Diacrisia virginica 390 Squill (Scilla sp.). Narcissus bulb-fly, Merodon equestris. Stachys — see Hedge Nettle. Stangeria (Stangcria schizodon) — also see Sago Palm. Long-tailed mealy bug, Pseudococcus longispinus 131 Staphylea — see Bladder Nut. Stocks (Matthiola sp.). Striped turnip flea-beetle, Phyllotreta vittata 283 Strawberry (Fragaria spp.). Corn ear-worm, Chloridea obsoleta 397 Dooryard sowbug, Porcellio Iwvis 3 False chinch bug, Nysius ericce 207 Fullers rose beetle, Pantomorus fulleri 298 Grape leaf-hopper, Erythroneura comes 65 Greenhouse Orthezia, Orthezia insignis 112 Greenhouse white fly, Asterochiton vaporariorum 198 Milliped, Julns cocruleocinctus 19 Murky ground beetle, Harpalus caliginosus 216 Oblique-banded leaf-roller, Archips rosaceana 441 Pale-striped flea-beetle, Systena blanda 280 HOST INDEX. IXXV Strawberry — (Continued). Page Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus pcrniciosiis 180 Red carabid, Amara stupida 217 Strawberry crown moth, Mgeria rutilans 425 Strawberry flea-beetle, Haltica ignita 267 Two-spotted mite, TetranycJms telarius 17 Wheat thrips, Frankliniella tritici 51 Strelitzia — see Bird of Paradise Flower. Streptanthus {Sireptanfhus orbiculattis) . Harlequin cabbage bug, Mxirgantia histrionica 201 Strobilanthes (StroUlanthes sp.). Greenhouse Orthezia, Orthezia insignis 112 Sumach (Rhusspi).). Apple leaf-hopper, Empoasca mali 03 Black scale, Saissctia olew 154 Cottony maple or vine scale, Piilvinaria vitis 136 Imported currant borer, Mgeria iipuliformis 428 Ivy or oleander scale, Aspidiotus hederw 177 Oblique-banded leaf-roller, Archips rosaceana 441 Omnivorous looper, Sabulodes caberata 419 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus 180 Potato flea-beetle, Epitrix cucumeris 261 Spotted root fly, Eiixesta notata 340 Yellow bear caterpillar, Diacrisia virginica 390 Sunflower {Helianthus spp.). Baker's mealy bug, Pseitdococcus balceri 126 Beet armyworm, Laphygma fiavimaculata 400 Blue sharpshooter, Tettigoniella circeUata 66 Clover-apple aphis. Aphis bakeri 88 Corn ear-worm, Chloridea obsoleta 397 Cottony cushion or fluted scale, Icerya purchasi 110 Harlequin cabbage bug, Murgantia histrionica 201 Oblique-banded leaf-roller, Archips rosaceana 441 Onion thrips, Thrips tabaci 56 Potato flea-beetle, Epitrix cucumeris 261 Two-spotted mite, Tetranychus telarius 17 Yellow bear caterpillar, Diacrisia virginica 390 Sweet Gum {Liquidambar styraciflua) . Cottony cushion or fluted scale, Icerya purchasi 110 Scurfy scale, Chionaspis furfura 158 Walnut scale, Aspidiotus juglans-regice 178 Sycamore (Platanus accident alls ) . Black scale, Saissctia olew 154 Cottony maple or vine scale, Pulvinaria vitis 136 Flat-headed apple-tree borer, Chrysobothris femorata — 236 Frosted scale, Lecanium pruinosum 151 Omnivorous looper, Sabulodes caberata 419 Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphes ulmi 190 Symphoricarpos racemosus — see Snowberry. Syringa {Syriitga sp.) — also see Lilac. Apple leaf-hopper, Empoasca mali 63 Tacsonia {Tacsonia jasminoides) . Bean thrips, Heliothrips fasciatus 52 Citrus mealy bug, Pseudococcus citri 128 Tallow Tree {Sapium sebiferum) . Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphes ulmi 190 Tamarisk (Tamarix sp.). Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphes ulmi 190 Tanacetum vulgare — see Tansj'. Ixxvi HOST INDEX. Tangarine or Mandarin (Citrus nobilis delicosa) — also see Orange. Page Black citrus plant louse, Toxoptera aurantice 78 Black scale, Saissetia olece . 154 Citrus mealy bug, Pseudococcus citri 128 Citrus red spider, Tetranychus mytilaspidis 15 Citrus white fly, Dialeurodes citri 196 Fuller's rose beetle, Pantomorus fulleri 298 Red scale, Chrysomphalus aurantii 181 Tansy {Tanacetum vulgare). Bur clover or cowpea aphis. Aphis medieagluis .90 Taraxacum officinale — see Dandelion. Taxus — see Yew. Tea {Camellia tliea). Aspidiotus simillimus translucens 176 European Fiorinia, Fiorinia fiorinicB 172 Florida wax scale, Ceroplastes floridensis 138 Greenhouse Orthezia, Orthezia insignis 112 .Japanese or Mexican wax scale, Ceroplastes ceriferiis 137 Red scale, Chrysomphalus aurantii 184 Tea, New Jersey (Ccanothus americanus). Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphes ulmi 190 Teasel, Fuller's {Dipsaciis fullorum) . Red composite aphis, Macrosiplmm. rudhcckice 107 Tecotna radicans — see Trumpet Vine. Theobroma cacoa — see Cocoa. Thespesia (Thcspesia sp.). Black scale, Saissetia olew 154 Thistle [Cirsiiim sp.). Red composite aphis, Aphis riidhcckiw 107 Thistle {Cnieus spp.). Lesser plant-bug, Ir'bisia sericans 214 Oblique-banded leaf-roller, Archips rosaceana 441 Thistle butterfly, Vanessa cardui 402 Thistle, Sow (Sonchus spp.). Beau thrips, Heliothrips fasciatus 52 Green peach aphis, Rhopalosiphum persicce 98 Iris white fly, Aleyrodes spirwoides 196 Lesser black plant-bug, Irhisia sericans 214 Serpentine leaf-miner, Agromysa pusilla 346 Thorn, Silver or Silverberry (Eheagnus spp.). European peach scale, Lecanium persicce 149 Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphes ulmi 190 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosits 180 Purple scale, Lepidosaphes heckii 186 Thorn, White {Cratwgvs coccinea) — also see Hawthorn. Rosy apple aphis. Aphis sorM 96 Thorn, Wild {Cruticgns tomentosa)- — also see Hawthorn. Buffalo tree-hopper, Ccresa liihalits 62 Thunbergia (Thnnhergia sp.). Greenhouse Orthezia, Orthezia insignis 112 Two-spotted mite, Tetranychus telariits 17 Thuya occidcntalis — see Arborvitae. Tickseed (Coreopsis sp.). Oat aphis. Aphis avenw 87 Tilia — see Bass wood and Linden. Timothy (Phleum pratense) — also see Grass, Oat, Wheat. Lesser migratory grasshopper, Melanoplus atlanis 43 Oat aphis. Aphis avence 87 Western grass-stem sawfly, Cephus occidentaUs 352 HOST INDEX. Ixxvii Tobacco {yicotiana tahacum) . Page Citrus mealy bucr. Pseudocvccus citri 128 Corn ear-worm, Vhloridea ohnolcta 297 Potato flea-beetle, Epitrix cucnmeris , 2G1 Potato tuber moth, Phthorimwa operculella 448 Tobacco flea-beetle, Epitrix parvula 202 Tobacco worm, Protoparcc qiiinqucmaculata 385 Tomato worm, Protoparce sexta 387 Trichoharis mticorea 303. 305 Tobacco, Tree (Nicotiana glauca). Bean thrips, IlcUothrips fasciatiis 52 Iris white fly, Aleyrodes spirwoides 19G Tobacco, Wild {Nicotiana ritstica) . Beet armywoi-m, Lapliydma flavimaculata 400 Tolguacha — see Jimpson Weed. Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum) . Armyworm, Cirphis unipuncta 3<)G Corn ear-woiTn, Chloridea obsnlctn 397 Greasy cutworm, Agrotis ypsilon 394 Green peach aphis, Rliopalosiphum persicw 98 Greenhouse Orthezia, Orthczia inslgnis 112 Greenhouse white fly, Astcrochiton vaporariorum 198 . Hop flea-beetle, Psylliodes punctulata 280 Pale-striped flea-beetle, Systena ilanda : 286 Potato flea-beetle, Epitrix cucumcris 261 Potato tuber moth, Phthorimwa operculella : 448 Small darkling ground beetle, Eurymetopon bicolor 292 Tobacco flea-beetle, Epitrix parvula 262 Tobacco worm, Protoparce quinqnemaculata 385 Tomato worm, Protoparce sexta 387 Two-spotted mite, Tetranychus telarius 17 Variegated cutworm, Lycophotia margaritosa 401 Western armyworm, Euxoa agrestis 398 Western potato flea-beetle, Epitrix siibcrinita 264 AVhite-lined sphinx, Celerio lineata 384 Tomato, Husk- — see Ground Cherry. Torreya californica — see California Nutmeg. Toxylon pomifcntin — see Osage Orange. Trachycarpus cxcslsus — see Fortune's Palm. Tradcscantia — see Wandering Jew. Tree of Heaven {Ailanthus glandulosa) . Citrus white fly, Dialeiirodes citri 196 Oyster-shell scale, Lspidosaphes ulmi 190 Rose scale, Aulacaspis rosw 170 Trifolium (Trifolium spp.) — also see Clover. Alfalfa caterpillar, Eurymus curytheme 459 TrigoncUa fanum-grwciini — see Fenugreek. Tnticum sativum — see Wheat. Trumpet Vine (Tccotna radicans) . Citrus white fly, Dialeurodcs citri 196 Trumpet Vine (Tccoma jasminoides) . Omnivorous looper, Sahulodes cabcrata 419 Tsuga canadensis — see Hemlock. Tule (Scirpus lacustris occidcntalis) . Tule billbug, Sphenophorus discolor 308 Tulip (Tiilipa sp.). Bean thrips, Heliothrips fasciatus 326 Narcissus bulb-fly, Mcrodon equestris 326 Ixxviii HOST INDEX. Tulip-tree {Llriodendron tulipifera) . Ivy or oleander scale, Aspidiotus liederce (not listed). Page Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphes ulmi 190 Wniow scale, CMonaspis salicis-nigrce 163 Turnip {Brassica rapa) — also see Cabbage, Mustard, Radish. Bean thrips, Heliothrips fasciatiis 52 False chinch bug, Ntjsins ericce 207 Green peach aphis, Rhopalosiphiim persicce 98 Hop flea-beetle, Psylliodes punctulata 280 Imported cabbage worm, Pontia rapw 457 Pale-striped floa-beetle, Systena hlanda 286 Potato flea-beetle, Epitrix cucumeris 261 Seed-corn maggot, Phorhia fitsciceps 334 Striped turnip flea-beetle, Phyllotreta vittata 283 Western cabbage flea-beetle, Phyllotreta pusilla 281 Western flea-beetle, Hemiglyptus hasalis 260 W^estern radish maggot, Phoriia planipalpis 338 Western striped flea-beetle, Phyllotreta ramosa 282 White-lined sphinx, Celerio lineata 384 Yellow bear caterpillar, Diacrisia virginica 390 Twin Berry, Black (Lonicera involucrata) — also see Honeysuckle. Iris white fly. Alcyrodes spirceoides 196 Typha — see Cat-tail. Ulmus — see Elm. Umbelliferw — see Parsley. Umbellularia californica — see California Laurel. Umbrella Tree {Melia azedarach). Citrus thrips, Scirtothrips citri 55 Citrus white fly, Dialeurodes citri 196 Greedy scale, Aspidiotus camelliw 175 Ivy or oleander scale, Aspidiotus hederce 177 Umbrella Plant {Cypcrus alternifolius) — also see Saxifrage. Citrus mealy bug, Pseudococcus citri 128 Ivy or oleander scale, Aspidiotus hederce 177 Long-tailed mealy bug, Pseudococcus longispinus 131 Twelve-spotted cucumber beetle, Diabrotica 12-punctata 272 Vrtica — see Nettle. Vacciniam — see Billberry, Cranberry and Huckleberry. Vallota i^Vallota sp.). Narcissus bulb-fly, Merodon equestris 326 Verbascum virgatum — see Mullein. Verbena {Verbena spp.). Cottony cushion or fluted scale, Icerya purchasi 110 Greenhouse Orthezia. Orthezia insignis 112 Greenhouse thrips, Heliothrips hwmorrhoidalis 54 Oblique-banded leaf-roller, Archips rosaccana 441 Two-spotted mite, Tetranychns telarius 17 Verbena, Lemon (Lippia citriodora) . Omnivorous looper, Sabulodes caberata 419 ^'ernonia — see Iron-weed. Vetch {Yicia sativa) . Alfalfa caterpillar, Eurymus eurythcme 459 Destructive pea aphis, Macrosiphum pi^i 104 Viburnum (Vibiirinim spp.) — also see Arrow-wood, Laurestinus and Snow- ball. Cottony maple or vine scale, Piilvinaria vitis 136 Greenhouse thrips, Heliothrips hwmorrhoidalis 54 Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphes ulmi 190 Potato flea-beetle, Epitrix cucumeris 261 Yicia — see Vetch. HOST INDEX. Ixxis Vigna catjang — see Cowpea. Vinca {Vinca spp.)- Page Fuller's rose beetle, Pantomorus fiiUcri 298 Ivy or oleander scale, Aspidiotus hcderw (not listed). Soft brown scale. Coccus liesperiditm 143 V i o let ( Viola spp. ) . Brown violet aphis, RhopaJosiplmm violw 101 Omnivorous looper, tSahulodcs cabcrata 419 Potato flea-beetle, Epitrix cucumcris 261 Two-spotted mite, Tetrant/chus telarius 17 Yellow bear caterpillar, Diacrisia virginica 390 Virginia Creeper {Ampelopsis quinquefolia) . Acbemou spbinx, Pholus acliemon 385 Cherry or calico scale, Lecanium cerasorum 146 European peach scale, Lecanium persicw (not listed). Grape leaf-hopper, Erythroneura comes 65 Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphcs ulmi 190 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosiis 180 Strawberry flea-beetle, Haltica ignita 267 Vitex (Vitex littoralis) . Ivy or oleander scale, Aspidiotus hedcrce 177 Vitis — see Grape. Vriesia {Vriesia spIonJrns) . Ivy or oleander scale, Aspidiotus hcdercc 177 Wall Flower {Erysimum spp.). Striped turnip flea-beetle, Phyllotreta vittata 283 Walnut, Black (Juglans spp.). American walnut aphis, CalUpterus caryw 82 Apple leaf-hopper, Empoasca mali 63 California Prionus, Prionus californicus 252 California tussock moth, Hemerocampa vetusta 409 Little hickory aphis, MoncUia carycUa 82 Omnivorous looper, Saiulodes cabcrata 419 Orange Tortrix, Tortrix citrana 442 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus 180 Scurfy scale, Chionaspis furfura 158 Spotted tree-borer, Synaphata gucxi 253 Two-spotted mite, Tetranychus telarius . 17 Walnut blister mite, Eriophyes tristriatus 9 Wild walnut plant louse, CalUpterus californicus 83 Yellow-necked apple caterpillar, Datana ministra 406 Walnut, English (Juglans regia) . Baker's mealy bug, Pseudococcus bakeri 126 California Prionus, Prionus californicus 252 Cherry or Calico scale, Lecanium cerasorum 146 Codlin-moth, Cydia pomonella 437 Cottony cushion or fluted scale, Icsrya purchasi 110 Eriophyes tristriatus erinus 9 Frosted scale, Lecanium pruinosum 151 Greedy scale, Aspidiotus camclUw 175 Green peach aphis, Rhopalosiphum persicw 98 Nautical borer, Xylotrechus nauticus 255 Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphcs ulmi 190 Pear thrips, Twniotlwips pyri 57 Pernicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus ISO Red scale, Chrysomphalus aurantii 184 Spotted tree-borer, Synaphosta guexi : 253 Two-spotted mite, Tetranychus telarius 17 Walnut blister-mite, Eriophyes tristriatus 9 IXXX HOST INDEX. Walnut — (Coutiimed). PAfiR Walnut plant louse, Chromaphis jiifflaiidicola 83 Walnut scale. Aspidiotits juglans-rcgia; ITS Yellow-necked apple caterpillar, Datana ministra 4(X) Walnut, White — see Butternut. Wandering Jew (Tradcscantia spp.). Citrus mealy bug, Pseudococcus citri _ 128 Orange Tortrix, Tortrix citrana 442 Washinf/tonia filifera — see California Fan Palm. Water Cress (Radicula (Roripa) nasturtium-aquaticum) . Striped turnip flea-beetle, Phyllotrcta vittata 283 Watermelon (CiiruUits vuhjaris). Black scale, Saissetia olece 154 Destructive Eleodes, Eleodes omissa horcalis 291 Greenhouse white fly, Asterochiton vaporariorum 198 Lesser mlgratorj' grasshopper, Blelanoplus atlanis 43 Melon aphis, Aphis gossijpii 90 Melon Avorm, Diaphania hyalinata 431 Obscure 12-spotted cucumber beetle, Diahrotica 12-punctata tenella 273 Pale-striped flea-beetle, Systcna ilanda 286 Potato flea-beetle, Epitrix cucumeris 261 Squash-vine borer, Melittia sati/riiiiformis 430 Twelve-spotted cucumber beetle, Diahrotica 12-punctata 272 Two-spotted mite, Tctranychus telarius 17 Western-striped cucumber beetle, Diahrotica triiittata 274 Western 12-spotted cucumber beetle, Diahrotica soror 271 White-lined sphinx, Celerio lincata 384 Yellow bear caterpillar, Diacrisia virginica 390 Yellow-striped armyworm, Prodenia prwfica 402 Wheat {Triticum sativum). Angoumois grain moth, Sitotroga cercalclla 450 Armyworm, Cirphis unipuncta 396 Black plant-bug, Irhisia hrachycerus 213 Chinch bug, Blissus leiicopterus 208 Devastating grasshopper, Melanoplus devastator 45 Granary weevil, Calandra granaria 307 Hessian fly, Phytophaga destructor 322 Lesser black plant-bug, Irhisia scricaiis 214 Oat aphis. Aphis avcnw _ 87 Pacific plant-bug, Thyrillus pacificus 215 Pellucid grasshopper, Camnula pelhicida 43 Red-legged grasshopper, Melanoplus femur-ruhrum 46 Red spider, Bryohia pratcnsis . 14 Rice weevil, Calandra oryzw 308 Tarnished plant-bug, Lygus pratcnsis 212 Tule billbug, Sphenophorus discolor 308 Twelve-spotted cucumber beetle, Diahrotica 12-punctata 272 Valley grasshopper, 0-]daleonotus enigma 48 Variegated cutworm, Lycophotia margaritosa 401 Western grass-stem sawfly, Cephus occidentalis 352 Wheat joint-worm, Isosoma tritici 370 Willow (>S'ff/;> spp.). Alder flea-beetle, Haliica hiiiiarginata 266 Baker's mealy bug, Pseudococcus halcri 126 Buffalo tree-hopper, Ceresa huhalus 62 California buckeye scale, Aspidiotus wsculi 173 Citrus thrips, Scirtothrips citri 55 Cottonwood scale, Chionaspis ortholohis 160 Cottony cushion or fluted scale, Icerya purchasi 110 HOST INDEX. Ixxxi Willow — (Continued). Page Cottony maple or vine scale, Pulvinaria vitis 13f, Flat-headed apple-tree borer, Chrysohothris femorata 236 Fruit-tree leaf Syneta, Syneta albida 284 Great basin tent-caterpillar, Malacosoma fragilis 411 Greedy scale, Aspidiotvs camelliw 175 Mottled Cottonwood plant louse, Thomasia populicola 81 Mourning cloak butterfly, Euvanessa antiopa 461 Oak twig-girdler, Agrilus poliUts 234 Omnivorous looper, Sabulodes caberaia ■._ 419 Orange Tortrix, Tortrix citrana 442 Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphes ulmi 190 Parsnip plant louse, Sipliocoryne caprece 100 Pei'nicious or San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus 180 Red-humped caterpillar, Schizura concinna 407 Red scale, Ghrysomphalus aurantii 184 Red and yellow leaf-beetle, Cryptocephahis castaneus 269 Scurfy scale, Ckionaspis furfura 158 Snowy tree-cricket, CEcanthus niveus 32 Soft brown scale, Coccus hesperidum 143 Spotless fall web-worm, Hyphantria textor 390 Willow scale, Ghionaspis salicis-nigrw 163 Wistaria (Wistaria sp.). Wistaria stem gall-fly, Agromyza wehsteri 348 Woodbine (Ampelopsis veitchii) — also see Virginia Creeper. Cottony maple or vine scale, Pulvinaria vitis 13'j Wormwood (Ambrosia artemisiwfolia) . Pale-striped flea-beetle, Systena blanda 285 Woundwort — see Hedge Nettle. Xanthorrhoea — see Grasstree. Xanthoxylum — see Prickley Ash. Xantium canadense — see Cockle Bur. Yam (Dioscorea sp.). Greedy scale, Aspidiotus camellice 175 Yarrow (Achillea spp.). Beet root aphis, Pemphigus betcB 76 Greenhouse Orthezia, Orthezia insignis 112 Pubescent Hoplia, Hoplia pubescens 243 Yew (Taxus cnspidata). Purple scale, Lepidosaphes beckii 186 Yucca (Yucca sp.) — also see Spanish Needle. Diplacus Ceroputo, Ceroputo yuccw 125 Ivy or oleander scale, Aspidiotus hederw 177 Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaphes ulmi 190 Zamia (Zamia spp.). Hemispherical scale, Saissetia hemisphwrica 152 Long-tailed mealy bug, Pseudococcus longispinus 131 Zamia scale, Diaspis zamice 168 Zantedeschia — see Calla. Zea — see Corn. Zingiber — see Ginger. Zinnia (Zinnia sp.). Western 12-spotted cucumber beetle, Diabrotica soror 271 Zizia (Zizia aurea) . Parsnip plant louse, Siphocoryne caprece 100 Zizyphus (Zizyphus sp.). Black Parlatoria, Parlatoria siziphus 193 F— 13664 GENERAL CLASSIFICATION Insects belong to the phylum Arthropoda, a group of animals having jointed bodies and jointed legs. In the same phylum are to be found the following classes: 1. Crustacea.— Water and land animals, with five or more pairs of legs; two pairs of antennae; and hard exoskeleton; head and thorax united. Examples : crabs, lobsters, crayfish and sowbugs. 2. Arachnida. — Land forms; antennas absent; four to eight legs, head and thorax united. Examples : scorpions, solpugids, spiders, mites and ticks. 3. Malacopoda.— Land forms; body worm-like with numerous legs. Very peculiar animals which are seldom met with. Example : Peripatus. 4. Diplopoda.— Land forms; body long, cylindrical, chitinized, many segmented ; legs short, attached close together on the ventral surface, usually two pairs to a segment; antennte short. Examples: millipeds or thousand-legged worms. 5. Symphyla.— Land forms; body small, slender, rather flattened with soft whitish integument, many segmented; twelve pairs of legs in adults, less in young, single pair to a segment, attached wide apart near sides, no poison jaws present ; antennae quite long. Example : the lima bean symphylid. 6. Ghilopoda. — Land forms; body long, flat, many segmented, some- what chitinized ; fifteen or more pairs of legs in adults, a single pair to a segment, attached wide apart, first pair modified into poison jaws; antenna? quite long. Examples: centipedes. 7. Insecta or Hexapoda. — Aquatic and terrestrial, but primarily the latter. Body of the adults divided into three distinct regions: head, thorax and abdomen. Adult forms with six legs. Many are winged. Transformations or metamorphoses occur in all except the lowest order, Aptera, which has only primitive transformations. Examples : insects. 2 INJURIOUS AND BENEFICIAL INSECTS OF CALIFORNIA. CRUSTACEA (Class) SOWBUGS, CRAYFISH, LOBSTERS, CRABS, ETC. At first thought few persons in California would think of any mem- bers of this class as injurious to the crops grown in the State and would probably need to be reminded that the common sowbugs so very abundant in gardens and greenhouses belonged in this class. It is because of the much alleged serious damage done by these sowbugs that it has been thought best to include a few words relative to at least one of the common species. THE DOORYARD SOWBUG PorcelUo Iwvis Koch' (Fig. 1) Description. — The photograph (Fig. 1) gives a very good idea of the general appearance of sowbugs. The color is dull slate above and light grayish beneath. The outer covering is rather hard and resem- bles a number of articulating plates. There are seven pairs of legs. Fig. 1. — Tlie dooryard sowbug, PorcelUo Iwvis Koch. Enlarged twice. (Original) The antennge are 7-jointed. The length varies from one eighth inch for the very small young to over one half inch for the largest fullgrown specimens. Life History.— The sowbugs are not aquatic, but are always found in wet or damp places, and therefore become especially abun- 'A very closely related species, PorcelUo spinicornis Say, is usually associated with this species in the central part of the state. Both species were determined by Miss Rathburn, U. S. Nat. Museum, through the kindness of Dr. L. O. Howard. llSTJURlOUS AND BEJSTiEPICIAL INSECTS OF CALIFORNIA. 3 dant at times under thick vegetation in the garden, greenhouses, manure piles, cellars, under boards and around wells. There are no transformations in their development as in insects and the young appear very much like the fully matured forms, except in size and color. Until ready to feed the young are carried about in a receptacle formed by modified anal plates of the female. Feeding is done during the night and deeaj^ed vegetable matter forms the principal diet, but at times the roots and foliage of plants are attacked. There is prob- al)ly but one generation a year, which begins in the spring. Nature of Work.— As previously stated, roots and foliage are some- times devoured, though there is little excepting the presence of the sowbugs themselves to name the marauder. The caps of mushrooms are often attacked when quite young and small holes eaten into them, or they may be entirely destroyed.^ Distribution.— This species is widely distributed throughout the State and country. Food Plants.— Though normally of little consequence to growing vegetation, many plants growing in greenhouses or in damp favorable localities may be attacked. Mushrooms are recorded as food." Prof. W. E. Collinge reports it as often destructive to the roots of straw- berries.^ Control.— In greenhouses the best remedy is a thorough fumigation Avith hydrocyanic acid gas at the rate of ^ oz. cyanide to every 100 cubic feet of air space. If the greenhouse is very tight the cyanide should be reduced to ^ oz. to avoid burning to tender foliage. Slices of raw potatoes,* carrots or other vegetables rolled in Paris green and placed in the haunts of this pest will prove effective in the green- house, as well as in the garden, cellar or other places. =Popenoe, C. H.. Cir. No. 155. Bur. Ent.. U. S. Dept. Agric, p. 8, 1912. 3Jr. Bd. of Agric, Vol. XXI. No. 3, p. 210. June. 1914.