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THE INSECT PEST SURVEY

BULLETIN.

A monthly review of entomological conditions throughout the United States.

Volume 1. June 1, 1921. Number 2.

BUREAU OF ENTOMOLOGY

UNITED STATES

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

AND THE STATE ENTOMOLOGICAL AGENCIES COOPERATING.

i '

flTXTE PLANT BOA*»

OUTSTANDING ENTOMOLOGICAL FEATURES OP MY I921

The chinch bug situation in the Mi ssissipx-i Valley corn belt is still the most serious entomological feature reported to the Survey. The outbreak, from present information, covers the north central part of Texas; all of Oklahoma ( except the three northwestern counties and the southeastern prrt of the State east of a line extending from Bryant to Adair Counties); the six northwestern counties of Arkansas 5 the eastern third of Kansas; southern two-thirds of Missouri ( being worst in Jasper, Newton, and Scott Counties); touching south central Nebraska from Franklin to Thayer Counties; and southeastern Iowa from Ringgold to Louisa Counties; thence crossing southern half of Illinois; narrowing to a belt across Indiana/ extending from Vigo to Posey Counties on the west and Allen and Veyne Counties on the East; and ending in a slight infestation in the northwestern counties of Ohio, and the southeastern border of Michigan.

The hessian flyrhas appeared in noticeable numbers in Guilford County, North Carolina, and Barnwell County, South Carolinar In Ohio the worst fields will probably be about one-half infested, and the average infestation will probably be much lower. In Indiana the situation is more serious, the insect being abundant over the southern part of the State as high as 59 Per cen"t of the stalks being attacked, and as far north as Lafayette infestation ranges from 50 to gO per cente Illinois reports the outbreak as about normal. Missouri reports the worst outbreak since I916, in some cases as high as 78 per cent of the stalks being attacked. In Oregon there is a normal infestation, being about a quarter less severe than last year/ with from 26 to 30 per cent of the stalks attacked.

The pale western cutworm is again present in destructive numbers in Montana and Colorado. In Montana it is estimated that from 10 to 75 Per cent of the small grain will be destroyed in the counties infested, and in Colorado thousands of acres are being plov;ed out and reseeded to a catch crop*

The v/estern wheat-stem maggot is seriously infesting wheat in central Montana. The last serious outbreak of this pest occurred in igi8#

The pea aphi6 outbrenk in the Mississippi Valley reported i« the last Bulletin seers to have died out, but reports oi* a very serious outbreak of this insect in Uestern Oregon on vetch ( the principal hay crop of the region ) have been received. The Experiment Station is testing out an aphid- resistant variety that L:ives excellent proiaise of success.

The two clover-leaf weevils are very much no re numerous than usual in Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, New Jersey, Oregon, Mi c hi ran, Iowa, and Missouri.

Flea beetles attacking tobacco seed beds have appeared in serious numbers in Maryland, Virginia, and Kentucky »

A newly introduced scale insect is reported as attacking

sugar-cane in Louisiana.

The unusual outbreak of the seed-oorn maggot attacking seed potatoes, reported in the last number of the Survey Bulletin, has continued, vdth the advance of the season, to extend northward along the Atlantio seaboard through New Jersey to Massachusetts and outbreaks have developed inland as far as Indiana and Illinois . The most significant feature of the outbreak is tro coincidence of serious damage with the use of r. organic fertilizers.

A very serious outbreak of cankerworms ( both spring and fall species ) has developed in southeastern Wisconsin, entirely defoliating the trees in several counties* Less serious outbreaks are reported from Illinois, New York^ Connecticut, and Ohio.

Tent caterpillars are more numerous than usual in the New England and Middle Atlantic States.

Reports have been received of a repetition of the serious outbreak of the achemon sphinx ' which occurred last year in the vineyards of Merced County, California.

The arborvitae lefvf-ndner is very seriously infesting the hedges arid ornamental^epecimens of this plant in Connecticut and on Long Island, New York.

Serious bagwora outbreaks are under way in Arkansas and Missouri.

Unusual numbers of stable flies in Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska, and parts of the Dakotas are reported, and a repetition of the serious outbreak of last year in which live stock suffered and fargi operations were suspended in this region is threatened.

INSECT PEST SURVEY

13 L L E T I N

VOL. 1,

June 1, 1921.

No. 2.

West Virginia.

South Carolina.

Ohio.

Indiana.

Illinois.

Iowa.

CEREAL AID FORAGE CROP INSECTS

WHEAT .

CHINCH BUG (Blissus leucopterus Say. )

W. Er Rumsey (May 23). "We have received no reports of chinch bug in West Virginia this year."

J. M. El eager, county agent of Saluda County (April 1). light infestation distributed v/idely over the county, "

"A very

H, A. Gussard (April 28), "We noticed chinch bugs flying freely at Wooster today." (May 21). "There are more chinch bugs than usual scattered all over the northern half of the State, but they are not present in sufficient numbers t o be considered a menace. So far as known to me there are only two or three counties along the western border of the State that have chinch bugs in considerable numbers; perhaps Defiance County and Williams County have more than other counties. I think there are no unusual numbers at all in Erie, Ottawa, or Lucas Counties."

J. J. Davis (May 17). "Apparently most of the bugs have left their winter quarters and are to be found in fields of snail grain, es- pecially wheat and barley. Chinch bugs are as abundant as antici- pated and plans are being made for a State-wide campaign. It is hoped to have one or more companies handling creosote to establish supply stations in the State."

W. P. Flint (May 17). "The cool spring delayed the flight of chinch bugs to the vheat. The general flight did not occur until the first week of May. Eggs are just being deposited, none have hatched to date. Th6 most serious outbreak covers the lover half of the State, the southern line extending across the center of Jackson County to the northeastern corner of Wabash County, and the northern line ex- tending across the middle of Calhoun County , running across the southern border of Christian County, End including practically ell of Crawford County. The counties in which examinations have been made indicate that the bugs will be fully as bad as anticipated, per- haps a little more abundant than we at first thought

F. A. Fenton (April 23). i!I saw wheat fields in Decatux County which had been badly taken by chinch bugs last fall. At the time of my visit this spring (April 23) the bugs were working in vixeat but a lot of them were found in the grass along the of the fields.

This is the first record of chinch bugs in Iowa for about 25 years; at least, as far as our records are concerned.''

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Arkansas. W. J. Baerg (May 9). "Chinch hugs in this State will prohahly he confined to the northwestern corner of the State, extending south as far as Crawford County and east as far as Carrol County. The outbreak will probably be very slight."

Missouri. A. J. Burrill (March 17). "Chinch bugs unusually numerous in

Scott, Newton, and Jasper Counties. Wo flight seen or indicated. In Scott County the chinch bugs were moving out of fence rows on March 15 and 16 into the corn stubble."

HiSSIAN FLY ( Phyt ophaga destructor Say. )

Worth Carolina- Franklin Sherman (May 2). "Damage by this insect has been re- ported by a correspordent from Guilford County. Crop reports to statisticians also mention the Hessian fly, but it is evidently not worse than such outbreaks usually are."

South G* D. Robertson, County Agent of Barnwell County. "In February

Carolina. wheat was a failure, from the effects of Hessian fly over the en- tire count yo"

Minnesota. C. N. Ainslie (May 20). "Quite a number of winter wheat fields

were looked at carefully, but I could find no trace of Hessian fly in any of them. Some dipterous (?) larvae had killed some of the tillers but the pest, whatever it was, had left."

Ohio. Ho A. Gossard (May 17). "Preliminary investigations regarding

Hessian fly lead us to forecast an infestation of not more than 50 per cent at harvest time in the worst infested fields and the average will be much lover than this. Some of the progeny of the spring brood have already reached the "flaxseed" stage. Eggs were still being laid at Sandusky, May 17."

Indiana. J. J. Lavis (May 17). ''Hessian fly abundant wherever observations

have been jade in the southern end of the State. The infestation ranges up to 99 per cent of the stalks infested, and there the majority are now in the "flaxseed" stage. At Lafayette the fly is also abundant and there are two distirct sizes of larvae, one nearly mature. These are more often to be found in the small dead tillers Others very small, probably not many days old, often occur in the larger stalks which have not yet been sufficiently injured to be evident. The infestation at Lafayette ranges from 50 per cent to 90 per cent. No observations have yet been made in the northern end of Indiana. There is every evidence that the fly will be very abundant this coming fall."

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Illinois. W. P. Flint (May 17). "Normal outbreaks occur over the entire State. The v/eather for the past month has been very favorable to Hessian fly development. The insects are now about half in the larval stage and half in the flaxseed stage."

Missouri. A. F. Satterthwait (March 28). "Hessian fly eggs had become very numerous on the laboratory wheat between March 22 and March 26." (March 28). "At Webster Groves brown puparia are now frequently found."

H. C. Hensley (April 30). "The Hessian fly is much more abundant than usual. Present indications are that 15 per cent of the crop has been damaged in New Madrid County."

Leonard Haseman (May 15). "We will probably have the worst out- break we have had since 1916. The fly is now mostly in the flax- seed stage. One sampife sent to the Station showed 98 per cent in- festation with an average of 9 larvae or flaxseeds to the infested tiller."

Dr. Haseman included with his report a map showing the general in- festation of this insect as covering most of the State, with the ex- ception of an area in the south-central part extending from Taney County on the southwest, Butler County on the southeast, Washington County on the northeast, and Camden County on the northwest.

Oregon. M. M. Reeher and L. P. Rockwocd. Tulletin and Willamette Valley.

"The outbreak is about average for the first spring brood, being about 25 per cent less than last year. The first spring flight was completed by May 1 at For est. Grove. About 36 per cent of the plants and 26 per cent of the tillers were infested, while at McMin- ville 48 per cent of the plants and 30 per cent of the tillers were infested. The area at McMinville was mostly winter vheat followi ng spring and showed a high percentage of infestation for late som winter wheat. Two fields at Forest Gi ove seeded in September during the fall flight of the Hessian fly had 73 per cent of the plants and 59.5 per cent of the plants, respectively, infested by the first spring brood. These fields were thinned to from 50 to 70 per cent of a stand last fall by the fall brood of the flies."

STRAW-WORM (Harmolita ^rande Riley . )

Missouri. A. F. Satterthwait (April 28). "The straw-worm is now in the pupal stage, at least in part , according to observations of April 25."

JOINTWORM (Harmolita tritici Fitch. )

Illinois. W. P. Flint (May 17). "This insect is more abundant than usual in the central part of the State; oviposit ion has taken place in the central and southern parts of the State during the past week."

LIBRARY STATE PLANT BOARD

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Missouri. A. F. Sat ter thwart (April 28). at V/ebster Groves."

"Ovipositing in wheat on April 25

PAIE WESTERN CUT W OBI (Porosagrotis orthogonia Morr . )

Montana. R. a. Cooley. "The pale western cutworm is again present over the general territory infested last year, and, if past experience can be counted on, the losses from this insect in 1921 will be enormous. However, in one locality in the heart of the infested region, where since 1918 from 25 per cent to 50 per cent of the acreage seeded has been a total loss, no damage has as yet shown up."

A. L. Strand (May 10). "About 75 per cent of the winter wheat will be totally destroyed at Power, Teton County. Calosoma calidum has been observed preying upon these insects. 10 per cent of the rye at Sweet Grass, Toole County, has already been destroyed, and many wheat fields over Hill Cuunty are heavily infested and will be a total loss."

J. y. Manning (May 2). "More abundant than usual in JLercfcs and Clark County. Heavy losses of the crop expected,"

D. W. Jones (March 4). "Damage to wheat by this insect just be- ginning to show up . much damage expected in Chouteau County . " (May 32). "Heavy damage to fall and spring wheat beginning to show up in Stillwater County."

Colorado. C. P. Gillette (May 24). "This cutworm, which has attractfed so much attention in Montana, is evidently a native of Colorado and has been somewhat more active than usual in the winter wheat belt east of the mountains the present spring. Thousands of acres have been suf- ficiently injured' to make it necessary to plow and put in another crop."

WESTERN WHEAT-STEM MAGGOT (Hylemvia cerealis Gillette. )

Montana, R. a. Cooley. "Severe losses to fall and spring wheat through

central Montana have been due to a recurrence of this insect. It was first reported here in 1918. As the maggots axe about full grovvn, destroyed fields are now being reseeded."

Ac L. Strand reports this insect as almost as abundant in Cascade County as it was in 1918, when many thousand acres were necessarily reseeded. He further states that 15 per cent of the acreage in Hill County has been destroyed by this insect.

W« H. Jones reports from Stillwater County that in many fields the v/heat is a total loss.

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QUOVSR AHD ALFALFA

PEA APHIS tlllinoia pisi Kalt.) (See also Truck Crops*)

Illinois. W. P. Flint (May 17). "More abundant than usual in the southern part of the State, but the outbreak is much less severe than last month, the weather having been favorable for the development of parasites, which have destroyed from 35 to 50 per cent of the aphids.''

Oregon. A. L. Lovett (A ril 12). "The pea aphis has appeared in serious

abundance in western Oregon on field vetch, our principal hay crop for this region. The infestat ion was first observed on April 12. Climatic conditions favorable to aphid development had prevailed, that is, an unusually early spring followed by continued cool rainy weather. The infestation is very irregular, volunteer vetch being the most heavily attacked. Late sovn fields, particularly vhere accompanied by fall plowing am a general cleanup of surroundings, show few or no aphids. A vetch now being tested on the Station variety plat::: by Mr. Schoth of the Federal Service, known as Hungarian vetch (..Yicjia paanoolca) has many desirable qualities as a hay or silage crop and is particularly immune, apparently, to serious aphis injury.

Beneficial insects have developed slowly. Ccccinelli dae and the large syrphus fly ("■:.? sio^thicus iovrss:ri ) are the principal forms. Hymenoptercus parasites are, and have been in previous outbreaks, most conspicuous by their absence. The fungus, Empusa anhidis, is present in all the fields. The unusual abundance of aphis and the cool moist weather prevailing would appear ideal fcr the develop- ment of this fungus, nevertheless it i s of minor economic importance in control, the estimated mortality from fungous disease being from 8 to 14 per C6nt. Field and garden peas show no serious infesta- tion by aphis."

H. A.. Schoth (April 21). "Pea aphis at Forest Grove getting a start on volunteer vetch on April 2. One or two parent forms to a plant."

1. P. Rockwood (May 17). "Pea a:±is is attacking vetch more serious- ly than usual. The infestation as yet is confined to the early sown vetch, but winged migrants are appearing. last week the natural enemies, especially coccinellid beetles and syrphids, did excellent work during the few warm days, reducing the infestation to such an extent that no injury is anticipated unless the weather becomes unfavorable for them to v,0rk over a considerable period. Four species of Hip:oda;ria and Coccinella trifasciata have been present for at least two or three weeks, but the weather conc.it ions were not favorable for them to work; these and the syrohics are now laying eggs."

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IitiiSSER CIOVER-IEAF WEEVIL (Phytonomus nigrirostris Fab,)

New York. J. B. Detwiler (May 20). "This insect is fairly abundant at Ithaca, working in the buds, axils of the leaves, and in the heads. Some of the larvae are in the last instar.1*

Ohio. To He Parks (April 26). "Expect damage due to the backward condi-

tion of the plants and the advanced development of the insect over last year . This insect promises to damage the red clever serious jy in Darke, Shelby, Miami, Champai &n , and Clerk Counties in western Ohio. The first larvae were observed to he hatched April 26 as com- pared with May 14 in 1920. Pasturing the infested fields until May 15 is being advised by the Extension Serviced'

Indiana. J. J. Davis (May 17), "We are beginning to get in reports of con-

siderable damage to clover, particularly big English clover, and apparently the area of heavy infestation in Indiana is by the lesser clover leaf weevil. Wo find the larvae in all sizes f r cm the very smallest to those nearly full grown. This is for central Indiana."

Illinois. W. P. Flint (May 17). "Examinations of clover in Champaign County shoved 75 per cent of the heads infested. The insect is much more abundant than usual in the southern and central parts of the State, only occurring in moderate numbers on the west side of the State."

Oregon. L. P. Bockvood (May 17). "This insect shows an increase over last

year, especially south of Forest Grove, where they were scarce. The beetles are now actively feeding and laying eggs. The damage is not serious at this time. The parasite, Bathyplectes exlgua Grav. , is more numerous than the Phytonoous aduii;c. Male parasites greatly predominating at this time. These, however, will not be sufficiently developed to kill the larvae until the middle of June. This insect is gradually working southward, as Forest Grove is ap- parently the southern limit, and was very scarce in 1919 and 1920. Fortunately the pest is accompanied by its natural enemies.

n

CIOV!R-L£AF WEEVTX (Hyp era punctata Fab.)

New York. L. P. Wehrle (May 17). "The first beetle found today was still in the cocoon and newly transformed."

New Jersey. T. J. Headlee (April 27). "This is the first outbreak of this in- sect I have seen. It is in sufficient numbers in the northwestern portion of the State to clean up completely the foliage and the tends stems of clover. The clover in most cases seems to be a little red,

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Ohio.

Indiana.

Illinois.

Michigan.

R. C. Osburn (May 7). "Tjt'q clover leaf -weevil was vory abundant in red clever during April. Clover was regarded, due to the late spring freezes, vhile this insect was ad^ancod in its development as compared with 1920, consequently considerable damage occurred. Cocoons were being spun on April 26."

W. Ho Larrimer (April 30). "This insect is half again as numerous as during average years. About 60 per cent of the larvae have spun cocoons in preparation for pupation, while half of these have > been destroyed by the fungous disease, Emousa sphaarosperma Fres.

Wo P- Flint (May 17). "Much more abundant than usual over the en- tire State. Carnage has been reported from 75 counties, one counts' reporting 75 per cent of the clover killed. Adults are now abun- dant. The fangous disease, Frap u s a spha e r c so e rma , has destroyed about 25 per cent of the insects."

R. H. Pettit (April 29). "County agent E. L. Olds reports damage by this insect from Kalamazoo."

ff. H. larrimer (Hay 5). "Report received through county agent F. L. Simanton of St. Joseph, Michigan, that Fir. Uraphrey failed to get control of this insect, which is more abundant than usual on

both alfalfa and clover at Coloma. of lead and black leaf 40."

He sprayed with both arsenate

Iowa.

Mi ssour i.

Ho E. Jaques (April 22). "Has caused heavy damage to clover in southern Iowa. Yesterday I visited a 65-acre field north of Eldon where a good, stand, of second year growth had been totally destroyed. A cutworm, apparently the striped cutworm, was aiding in the des- truction. '"

Leonard Haseman (April 15). "Reports received from Oakhill and H;.llsboro irdicate damage by this insect as more serious than usual- ' Communication from a. M. Walker of Laclede, dated May 5, says: "Damage is being done to clover by a green worm, probably the clovei- leaf weevil."

MISCELLANEOUS CLOVER AM) ALFALFA INSECTS.

Northern grass warm (Drasteria erechtea Cramer-) New York. E. P. F^lt (May 8). "Mr. W. A. Hoffnan reports that the clover

semilooper, probably D. erechtea-, was abundant in fields near Albanj on May 8.i?

Delaware. C. 0. Houghton (May 9). "This species was common at Newark during

the last week in March. The sudden change from warm weather to vei y cool weather March 29 and jO (a drop of ebout 60 degrees in 18 hour g.; together with snow storms of freezing temperatures on April 9 and 1ft, appears to have destroyed a great many of these insects.'1

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Kentucky.

rk. New York.

Ohio.

Ohio.

New York.

H. Garraen (March 27). "Observed these insects in grasslands at Lexington. Clover butterfly, Eurymus philodice Gcdart , becoming frequent at Lexington.

Clover-seed caterpillar (Enarmonia inter stinctana Clemens.)

L. P. Wehrle (May IS). "Still in hibernation, and for the most part

in the larval stage; one pupa found."

Ho Oybcrn (May 2). "Adults observed at Columbus on this date."

CI o ver 1 eaf - ty er ( Ancylis angu 1 i fa sc Iana Ze 1 1 . )

He A. Gossard (April 28). "On April 25 I first noticed the clover leaf-tyer in great numbers flying in a field of alsike clover. The moths were more manes ans than I have seen them for 14 or 15 years. Mr. He-user reports having noticed the same phenomenon in a different field. Both of these fields are at V/ooster. V/e have no informa- tion whether this is simply a local outbreak or vh ether this insect may be expected to attract general notice over the State this spring."

Clover seed midge (Dasyneura leiruminicola Lint.)

L. ?. Wehrle (My 18) "First adults beginning to appear at Ithaca."

Bib3;Q norvosus^Loew. Oregon. A. L. L.vett (May 16). "H.ve been received and reported as injuring

the roots of clover, alfalfa, gardens, and grass lands from Umatilla, Wasco, Gilliam, Lincoln, and Marion Counties."

Clover root-borer (Hvlastinus obscurus Marsh.) Oregon. L. F, Ruckwocd (May 17). "T;.e practice of short clover rotations and

weather conditions have undoubtedly reduced this pest within the last two years. Birds have been noticed feeding upon these insects at the time of migration, notably the cliff swallow and violet green swallow.

Alfalfa weevil (Phytonomus po st icus Gyll. ) Nevada. C. W. Creel (April 28). "The alfalfa weevil was discovered in the

John Raffetto field, one half mile north of P no, by Mr. K. M. Pack, who visited Reno in June, 1920, ani at that time found. 7 or 8 weevil liarvae. No further trace of the insect in this locality was found during the summer, either by myself or the California quarantine of- ficials; although several exam inat ions vera made. Yesterday, how- ever , I fGund the insect in all three stages and from the size of the larvae judge that oviposit ion must have commenced as early as April 15." (Special Report No. 12).

Tychius picirostris Fab. New York. J, D. Detwiler (Hay 20). "The beetles are just .-caking their appear- ance on the opening clover heads at Ithaca. Eggs first found on April 22 c1'

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Western twelve-spotted cucumber beetle (Diabrotica so ror ILec.) Oregon. A. L. Lovett (April 7). "Was found devouring the developing leaves as they appeared on young clover plantings on April 7 in the Willa- mette Valley."

L. ?o Rockwocd (May 14). "This insect is badly damaging young beet tops and is present in very large numbers at Cornelius. The "beets are mangels and are grown as stock feed."

Garden s lug (Agrfoliuiax agrestis L. ) Oregon. A. L. Lovett (Late March). "The gray garden slug has flourished under the past winter and spring conditions and caused serious in- jury to com and clover fields in the lower Willamette Valley in late March."

Pall army worm ( Laohypma frugioerda S. & a. ) Louisiana. T. H. Jones (April 29). "A few larvae about one quarter inch in length were seen on young earn at the Sugar Experiment Station in New Orleans. The first larvae seen or reported this year in Louisiana." |May 4). "The first larvae noted at Baton Rouge on this date. A very few small larvae measuring about one-quarter inch in length were collected."

Sugar-cane borer (Diatraea saccharalis Fab* ) Louisiana. T. Ho Jones (May 7). "Specimens and inquiries received on the fol- lowing dates: April 28, Kohen Solms; May 3, Elton; May 6, Lafayette; May 7, B, eaux Bridge (one pupa present)."

L. W. '"'ilkenson (May 7). District agent of Agricultural Extension Work reports, 100 per cent of the planting of the last week in Janu- ary at Nov/ Iberia attacked ard only 5 per cent of the planting of the first week in March on the same farm infested.

Brown c olaspis (Colas-ois brunnea Fab. ) Louisiana. Te K* Jones (April 29,. "Two adults, first seen or reported in the

field this year, were collected on young earn, at the Sugar Experiment Station in New Orleans."

MISCELLANEOUS CEREAL AND FORAGE INSECTS.

Grasshoppers (AcridiMa^J Indiana. J« J. Davis (April SO}. "Recently hatched grasshoppers were first

observed at Washington, Indiana, on April 24, and at L. fayette, Indiana on April 50. Cool weather has prevented some emergence and there are still many unhatched eggs in the ground*"

South H. S. Severin and A. L. Ford (April 25) . "Grasshopper.1- eggs are very

Dakota. abundant, all having come through the winter in a sound condition, at least local outbreaks are evident. Blister beetle larvae are so numerous that some trouble can be expected on alfalfa and garden stuff

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later in th© season from these iaasects, though these will probably be somewhat beneficial in controlling grasshoppers."

Minnesota. S. Lockwood (May 24). "In Kittson County, in the extreme north- western corner of the State, grasshopper eggs were in large numbers, as many as 40 and 50 egg masses to the square foot in some localities. Egg parasites were noticed fairly abundant, but not in large enough numbers to help much this year. Grasshoppers were first noticed hatching the 11th of May."

Clear -winged locust (Camnuja pellucida Scudd. ) Montana. R. B. McKee (May 19). "Eggs are reported to be hatching in Flathead County. This insect is expected to prove a serious menace to crops in western Montana, where extensive areas infested with eggs have been located."

Wireworms. Montana. A. L. Strand (May 13) this season."

"More numerous than usual in Blaine County

Stalk borer ( Papain ema nitela Guen. ) Virginia. K. M, King. (May 14). "This is the first appearance of this insect at Charlottesville this season. The larvae are very small, being in the first or second instar. Fifty per cent of the corn stalks were infested in a small planting of very early corn."

White grubs (Phvllophaaa spp.) Wisconsin. S. B. Fracker (May 19). "In Dane County the two-year old brood from 1919 adults are apparently more common here in old sod than we ex- pected, outnumbering the one-year old larvae b to 1; in some fields there are to be found from 5 to 10 larvae to the square yard."

Wo A. Toole (May 19), "Not very numerous at Baraboo."

Missouri. A. C. Burrill (April 7). "The first flight Phyllophaga gibbosa oc- curred at Or an, Scott County, on this date. Dissected 20 of the beetles, all of which were males. a similar report for same night received from Golden City, Dade County, Mo."

Cutworms . Nevada. C. W. Creel (May 1Q), "These insects are doing more or less damage over several hundred acres in Lyon County; in one 40-acre field thej are abundant enough to keep alfalfa eaten off to the crown of the plants, whereas the normal height should be 5 or 6 inches.

Migrating cutworm (?) South H M. Sanderson (April 21) . "These insects are much more abundant Dakota. than usual. They advance several hundred feet into the small grain each night. Entire fields are reported to be talsen in two or three days. The soil contains much moisture, causing the grain to come up after being eaten off; because ex this the atmage may not be as seriou

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as it would be under ord inary c ondit ions. "

Keghe lodes, minians Guen. New York. H. C. Huckett (May 12). "These insects are present in large numbers in grasslands on Long Island, but are apparently not doing much damage. "

Army woim (Cirphis unimancta Haw, ) Illinois. W. P. Flint (May 16). "Adults scarce at the three points in the State vhere bait traps have been run every warm night."

Twelve-spotted cucumber beetle (Diabrotica 12-punctata Qliv.) Texas. Ho J. Reinhard (May 18) . "Reported as doing considerable damage

to corn in Jefferson County. Some injuries in the larval stage. In some fields corn has been replanted for the third time."

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FRUTT INSECTS

APPLE

GREEN APPLE APHID (APHIS POMI DeG.)

Ne-/ York. P. J. Parrott (May 21). "In several young apple orchards in Ontario County, the green apple aphid ie unusually abundant for this season of the year. In one 40 acre orchard serious injuries are threatened if the insects continue to multiply as rapidly as they did during the past year. Individual trees have exhibited curling of the entire terminal growth."

C. R. Crosby & Assistants report this insect as plentiful, but not as abundant as last year in Orleans County. Quite numerous in Yates County and occurring in small numbers in Niagara, Genesee, Monroe, Wayne, Clin- ton, Albany, Columbia and Ulster counties.

Wisconsin. S. B. Fracker (May 19). "Unusually scarce in Dane County, reported by W. A. Toole as plentiful in Se^Jr County and by B. M. Apke as unusually common in Polk County."

Oregon. A. L. Lovett (May 16). "First appeared March 20, about nine days earlie

than last year, somev/hat more abundant than usual in the Willamette Valle no evidence is present of excessive injuryjalso unusually abundant in the Hood River Valley."

APPLE- GRAIN APHID (Rhopalcsiphum prunifoliae Fitch)

New York. P. D. Rupert (April 30). "Some injury noticed on tips of leaves from which the aphids have already migrated to grain and grasses in Wayne County."

C. R, Crosby & Assistants reported as scarce in Chautauqua, Niagara, Or- leans, Genes^fer-j; Monroe, Ontario, Seneca, Cayuga, Onondaga, Clinton, Al- bany, Columbia, Ulster, Dutchess and Orange Counties.

ROSY APPLE APHID (Anuraphis roseus Baker)

York. C. R. Crosby & Assistants report as fairly numerous and doing some darrage in Columbia, Dutchess, Onondaga and Wayne counties; not as bad as last year in Orleans County, and, only slight infestations reported from Ulster Albany, Clinton, Tompkins , Ifrates , Genesee, Monroe and Niagara counties.

P. J. Parrott (May 16). "Rosy Apple Aphids relatively scarce in Ontaric County."

Oregon. A. L. Lovett (March 9). "First appeared on March 9, about 10 days earl-

ier than last year. Unusually scarce in early spring. The infestatior is now increasing due to the multiplication of the later generations. Ir jury is probably much below normal this season in the Willamette Valley (Lathrop)."

WOOLLY APPLE APHID (Eriosoma lanigerum Haus.)

New York. C. R. Crosby & Assistants report this insect as occurring in very small numbers in Tompkins, Wayne, Genesee and Ulster Counties.

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• •

MISCELLANEOUS APHIDS

Massachu- H. T. Pernald (April 3) . "Worcester County Farm Bureau reports that setts. aphids are very early and plentiful for the season, April 22. Mr. L. ( Midgley visited 20 different fruit farms recently and found aphids everywhere

CODLING MOTH (G&rpooapsa poaonolla L. )

Virginia. L. A. Stearns (Hay 25). "The following statements are based on the

records of approximately 1000 individuals under observation In the open- air insectary at this field laboratory (Leesburg) and cheoiBd by notes o development in the orchard. The transformation of overwintered larvae h ceased; the peak of emergence for the spring brood of moths is about reached at the present time; the duration of the pupal stage for indivic als emerging now is about an even month; the date of first egg deposits ■was April 24; the date of first egg hatching was May 10; the length of incubation of eggs earliest laid was 16 days; the length of incubation o. eggs at present is about 8 days; pre oviposit ion period for moths is averaging 3 days; the development of the codling moth is about normal fc1 this section of the state; the development of the trees is far in advance of normal."

Ohio. H. A. Gossard (May 12). "Codling moth commenced to issue at Marietta on

May 6 and by May 12 was emerging in numbors."

Oregon. A. L. Lovett (May 12). "Apparently passed the winter well. Majority ai\. as yet in the larval stage in cocoons."

FRUIT TREE LEAF ROLLER (Ar chips argyrospila Walk. )

New York. P. J. Parrott (May 16). ^Abundant in neglected orchards."

C. R. Crosby & Assistants report this insect as 100$ more abundant- than last year in Niagara County, hatching a week later than normal by openir of buds; generally distributed in Genesee County, but not- so serious in well sprayed orchards; abundant in some unsprayed orchards; plentiful in southern part of Orleans County* rather bad in some sprayed orchards, more abundant than last year; a few more than last year but not many in Columbia County and as occurring in small numbers in Albany, Dutchess, Monroe, Onondaga, Orleans, Tompkins, Ulster and Wayne Counties.

Oregon. A. L. Lovett (May 16) . "The leaf roller in the Hood R^ver Valley Is

apparently less abundant, there appears to be a gradual decrease over tl* areas of greatest abundance and injury during the past *the past three years. There is accompanying thi3 condition a gradual spreading to new areas. In the new areas probably injury is slightly on the increase."

CIGAR CASE BEARER (Coleonhora fletcherella Fernald)

New York. P. J. Parrott (May 16) . "Abundant in neglected orchards in Ontario County,

C. B. Crosby & Assistants. Quite a few in neglected orchards in Ononda County; abundant in southern part of Orleans County, in poorly sprayed

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orchards for the most part in their new cases by May 14; especially abundant in poorly sprayed orchards in Wayne County; more abundant than last year, especially in neglected orchards, in both Genesee and Monroe Counties. The insect is also reported as occurring in snail numbers in Albany, Columbia, Dutchess, Niagara and Yates Counties.

it PISTOL CASE BEARER (Coleophora real ivore 11a Riley)

New York. P. J. Parrott (May 16). County."

'Abundant in neglected orchards in Ontario

C. R„ Crosby & Assistants. "More abundant than last year, especially in neglected orchards, but not as abundant as the cigar case bearer in Gene- see County; abundant in the southern part of Orleans County, for the most part in their new cases by May 14; abundant in Wayne County; not as abundant as last year in Onondaga, Niagara, Columbia, Monroe, Yates, Dutchess, Ulster and Albany Counties."

RIBBED COCOON MAKER (Bucculatrix pomifoliella Clem.)

New York. C. R. Crosby L Assistants report as abundant in neglected orchards in Genesee County and a f ew present in Wayne County.

BUD MOTH (Tmetocera ocellana Schif .)

New York. C. R. Crosby L Assistants report this insect as very abundant in Wayrye and Ontario Counties, also the southern part of Orleans County; about a* nu- merous as usual in Albany, Genesee and Tompkins County; on the decrease in Monroe County; and very scarce in Columbia, Dutchess and Yates Coun- ties.

GREEN ERUTT WORM (gvlina antennata Walk.)

New York. E. P. Felt (May 13). "Green fruit worm work is beginning to appear at Milton, Ulster County."

P. J. Parrott (May 13). "Quite numerous in neglected orchards through- out Ontario County."

C. R. Crosby & Assistants report this insect as quite common in Ulster County; abundant in a few orchards, with a few present in most orchards in Orleans County; present in & few orchards and doing some damage in Wayne County; ard present in small numbers in Niagara, Onondaga, Wayne, Columbia, Monroe and Dutchess Counties; being unable to find it in Al- bany County.

SPRING CANKER-WORM (Paleacrita vernata Peck )

Wisconsin. S. B. Fracker (Telegram May 26). *Ufost serious cankerworm outbreak in years, defoliating many orchards in several of the southeastern counties of Wisconsin lying between Waukesha anfl Dane Counties. Both the fall canker-worm and spring canker-worm are involved in this outbreak."

Illinois. W. P. Flint (May 17). "Has caused defoliation of a number of unsprayed orchards in West Central part of the State."

New York. C. R. Crosby l. Assistants report this insect as showing up in orchards

where no spraying has been done in Wayne County, and as doing considerable damage in

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neglected orchards in Genesee County, where they were first observed on April 25; causing considerable danage in unsprayed orchards and also in orchards which did not receive the calyx application in Monroe County; no- ticeable in orchards that received regularly only the calyx application in Nassau County; common in Niagara County; a few larvae were observed Iprii 26; by May 18 the insect had become quite bad in neglected orchards in the southern part of Orleans County; is abundant in the southern part of Wayne County, some unsprayed orchards being defoliated. The larvae began hatch- ing the latter part of April; these insects were observed in Columbia, Dutchess, Onondaga and Ulster Counties, while none were seen in Albany Count y."

PALL CANHER WORM (Alsophila pometaria Har.)

Ohio. H. A. Gossard. "As expected some orchards near Wooster were only saved

from defoliation by spraying soon after the worms hatched. Reports of damage by canker-worms are not coming in, hence I conclude the hatching must have been somewhat late or possibly the late frosts caught many of the young caterpillars just after hatching, thus disposing of many of them.

Con- B. H. Walden {May 20) . Locally common nearly every year but perhaps not in

necticut. the same localities as this year. Common at New Haven and Branford.

New York. G. 3. Smith (May 18). "Bad in neglected orchards in the southern part of Orleans County."

TENT CATERPILLARS (Malaoosoma americana Pab.)

Maryland, L. B. Plohr, Federal Bureau of Markets (May 14) „ "Observed many tents and several trees were entirely defoliated by these insects in Frederick County, Maryland. They were so numerous as to attract the attention of a group of automobilists traveling through the county."

New T. J. Headlee (April 27) . "The apple-tree tent caterpillar has hatched

Jersey. quite generally over the State, but is not doing any considerable damage."

Delaware. CO. Houghton (May 7) . "This insect is more abundant than usual. Cater- pillars are now full grown here and migrating to find suitable places for spinning up. Accumulated excess of temperature since January 1 approxi- mately 850 degrees."

Con- John T. Ashworth (May 17) . "This insect has been scarce for three or four

nectiout. years in Vfindham, but is now increasing again."

K. P. Chamberlain (April 28) . "Though source for three or four years this species is now again on the increase in Litchfield County."

Massa- Edward R. Parrar (May 13) . "About twice as bad as usual in Lincoln." ohusetts.

L. C. Midgeley (April 22). "Infestation is light as considered with

other years in Wooster County."

New York. E. P. Felt (May 19) . "Apple tent caterpillars very scarce in eastern part of the State, although a scattering infestation was noted in northeastern Rensselaer County, May 23. Tent caterpillars present in very small numbers at Newport, Herkimer County."

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few York. H. C. Huckett (May 20). "More abundant than for the last four years in Nassau County."

C. R. Crosby & Assistants report this insect as occurring "in norrral num- bers1 in Yates, Tompkins, Rensselaer, and Douglas counties', as scarce in Monroe, -Genesee, Albany,' Columbia, Ulster and Clinton Counties, and as not occurring in Niagara and Wayne Counties.

APPLE RED BUG (Heterocordylus malinus Reut.)

* ew York. P. J. Parrott (April 28; . "Nymphs observed in large numbers in several neglected orchards ,• most of them in the 3rd instar." (May 18) . "Very abundant in one orchard in Ontario County now in fourth and fifth instar and injuring terminal leaves."

C. R. Crosby L Assistants . Second instar nymphs common on Newton Pippins •in Ulster County April- 24. Quite abundant in Onondaga County, Had reached fourth and fifth instar by May 7, Scarce in Wayne County, and not observed in- Columbia County.

FALSE APPLE RED BUG (Lygidea mendax Reut.)

New York, P,- J..- Parrott (May 13). Conspicuous injury to terminal leaves. Ob- served in a number of orchards in Ontario County. Serious injury to the fruit in, a number of plantings may be expected. The first nymph of this species was observed in "Ontario County on April 22, by Hugh Glascow.

D. D. Ward (May ?) . "Hatching in considerable numbers and foliage injury is common in Onondaga County; by May 14 some of the nymphs had reached the third '-1418. tar." - . -

C R. Crosby & Assistants. A little more abundant than last year in Mon- roe County; abundant in many orchards in Dutchess County; nymphs mostly in the third instar by May 6; very actively working on unsprayed trees in •Wayne County, being more abundant in the western, southern. and northern .-.•• . parts of the County.; about as abundant as last year in Orleans County;

and reported as scarce in Albany, Columbia, Genesee, Nassau, Niagara, Tompkins, Ulster, and Seneca Counties,

TARNISHED PLANT BUG (Lygus pratensis L.)

New York. P. J. Parrott (May 16). "Observed puncturing apple and pear buds in On- tario County." .

Washing- F. H. Chittenden. "The unusual warm weather of the winter 1920-1921 has ton,- D.C. enabled the tarnished plant bug, among othsr insects to successfully pass the cold months, and as p. result, by the end of April., the bugs had reached the last tw« stages of the nymph end w-sre exceedingly abundant on the wild plants on which it breeds in early spring* It was particularly abundant on chickweed, wild cress,, shepherds purse., and other crucifers, and there is grave danger that it w \.x become a pest to nursery plants, especially apple and pnssibly on v.-gotab". ®s later in the season, since there is nothing to prevent its increase as fur ac known. Only two seri- ous outbreaks of this tpecie3 have be^r. observed by the writer in. the Dis- trict of. Columbia where these observations were made; one on various orn- amental composites several years old and another on potatoes about a year age, but further North there,,are often severe outbreaks."

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Kentucky. H. Garnan (March 23). "marnished plant bug is working on fruit buds of apple and destroying whole clusters."

SAN JOSE SCALE (Asp idiot us perniciosus Const ock)

New York. P. J. Parrott (May 18). "More abundant than any year since 1918 in

Ontario County, because of the early season will probably be the earli- est observed in 20 years."

C. R. Crosby & Assistants report as more abundant than during the past three years in Monroe County; considerable increase in abundance over last year in Orleans County; much more abundant than last year in Gen- esee County. Also reported from Albany, Tompkins, Niagara, Columbia, Ulster, Yates , Wayne, and Onondaga Counties.

OYSTER SHELL SCALE (Lepidosaphes ulmi L.)

New York. C. R. Crosby ft Assistants report this insect as occurring occasionally on trees in poorly sprayed orchards in Broome, Albany, Columbia, Monro*, Onondaga, Orange, Orleans, Tompkins, V/ayne , and Yates Counties.

Ohio, H. A. Gossard. "The Oyster Shell Scale i» more frequently reported to

us by orchardiste this spring than any other species of scale."

Wisconsin. S, B. Fracker (May 18). "This insect is causing a revival of dormant spraying in many farm orchards. It was not a serious pest until about 1919, since when it has been slowly killing many trees.*'

ROUND HEADED APPLE TREE BORER (Saperda Candida Fab.)

New York. E. P. Felt (May 19). "Mr. Hart reports that the round headed apple tree borer is very common in portions of Dutchess County, especially near scrub apple trees."

C. R. Crosby & Assistants report this insect as doing serious damage in Columbia County and as occurring very numerously in Ulster, Niagara and Orleans Counties.

ROSE LEAF- HOPPER (Empoa rosee L.)

New York. C. R. Cro3by (May 6)* "Nymphs abundant on apples in one orchard in Dutchess Count yjft

D. D. Ward (May 11). "Nymphs becoming common in Onondaga County."

P. J. Parrott (April 28). "First nysiph observed on this date. By Ma; 16 some of the nymphs had reached the second iHJtar. This insect is les6 abundant than last year."

L. F. Strickland (May 18) . "Relatively abundant in Niagara County,"

4*52-

APPLB LEAF-HC™^ (Smpoasca mali LeB.)

Hew York. C. R. Crosby (May 13). "Abundant in many orchards in Monroe County. May 14, nymphs appearing in abundance in Wayne County. "

BLACK APPLE LEAP-HOPPER (Idiocerus provancheri Van D.)

Nev; York. P. J. Parrott (Hay 18} . "Common in Ontario County."

C. R. Crosby & Assistants. About as abundant as usual, but apparently doing no damage in Dutchess, Ulster, Columbia and Tompkins Counties.

BUFFALO TREE HOPPER (Ceres a bubalus Fab.)

ITew York. C. R. Crosby & Assistants report this insect as doing some damage to young trees in Genesee, Orleans, and Albany Counties.

Illinois. W. P. Flint (April 21) . "Every tree in a 17 acre orchard at tSneida, se- verely damaged by these insects, egg parasites abundant."

PEAR

PEAB LEAF BLISTER MITE (Eriophyes pyri Pgst.)

New Yorlc P. J. Parrott (May 16) . "Abundant in one orchard in Ontario County."

C. R. Crosby & Assistants, "Quite cannon in Wayne, Albany, Orleans, Colum- bia, Dutchess, Ulster, Nassau, Genesee, Onondaga, and Orleans Counties."

Oregon. A* L. Lovett (May 16) . "Pear leaf blister mite destructively abundant where lime sulphur sprays were omitted in the Willamette Valley. Both foliage and fruit appear already badly gone. Promises heavy losses of fruit and foliage. Appeared on apple (Childs) in Hood River for first time this spring, in western Oregon (Lane County) the first time last year. There is much evidence to substantiate the theory that the apple form is a distinct varietal type."

PEAB THRIPS (Taeniothrips inconsequens Uzel)

New York. C. R, Crosby & Assistants report this insect as increasing in abundance in several counties, but of no serious importance as yet.

PEAR PSYLLA (Paylla pyricola Foer. )

New York, P. J. Parrott (May 16). "Eggs very abundant in Ontario County."

C. B. Crosby & Assistants. "Albany County, nymphs numerous on May 9; Colum- bia County, heavy deposition of eggs May 9; Onondaga County abundant May 31; flies of the second brood now very abundant in Genesee County, much more abundant than last year, second brood of flies appearing May 19; second brood of flies appearing in Monroe County May 20, extremely abundant in this county, May 13; nymphs in the fourth and fifth instar on May 14 in Niagara County; eggs found in considerable numbers in Onondaga County about April 26, many of the nymphs being in the "hard shell stage" by May 14; Orleans

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Cofnty LTay 7, flios still ^aying eggs, May 18, flies of the second brood appearing ir. mrj. ••■ - s. Ulster Comity May 7, first of the se j I ..rood emerged; Slay 14 abundant th v j-nt Wayne Caanty."

PEAP. MIDGE (Crmtarinie nsrivora Riley)

New York. C. B. Crosby & Assistants repaart 1.i/f> in^oct as becoming very serious in Ulster, gqapTrina and Coliarabia Cottntiesa

C E B B B Y

C:?R?.Y APED (Myz^s ^or^i Fab.)

Raw York. E. P. Pelt [1 - ." | . "Black Ch ,-'r;; Aphis present in small nambers on street cherry ai Btsaoon, Du'jchuss County."

CB -- £VC\ o shy & Assistants. "Beported as fairly abundant in Ulster and Tj~ v,.; jc; Qoi3G.t3.es, ana as b6ing noticeable in Wayne and Columbia Counties J!

P. J, Parrott (Hay 16) . "Not as abundant as during the last two or three yea_'S in Gncario County."

E. P. Felt (Llay IE). "Have begun to curl the foliage at Mechanicsville, Saratoga County." . .

PEAH 31-IGrET BEETLE ( Arisandrus pyri Peok)

Oregon. A. L. Lovett [2Zzy 16). "Shot hole borer destructively abundant, all

fmit t—'t/.' attacls&d, cherries possibly nost Lerious. Almost- continuous n •.'■-. ; uonditicE . ?a31 j: slvs k£pi tixs L!cil saturated with ^ater.

Probably la-?k of soil variation is largely responsible for general de- vitalization of trees., permitting the attack of borers."

WHITE ANT ( "J?ot i cul it o rre n f 1 avipe s Ebl . )

Michigan. P.. H3 Pettit (May 1.8). "Orchards set in old peach ground at Shelby where in ms&y sttmyps vers present sesai to ve attac£ad by these termites. They seera to att&dk young healthy cheery trees and woi-k tinder the bark of the roots.

DIVARICATE CHERRY BOBEH (Diocroa divaricata Say)

Delaware. C. 0. Hcaghton (Hay 8). "Fircfc adult of the season taken on this date."

PLUM

PEU2I CUP.0I7I-I0 (Ccuotrachelua nenuphar Ebst.) , .

jNew York. E. Pc Pelt ('lay 19) . "Injury on sppla is rf»tb»r con^on near scmb growth in Dutchess Cocsty, reported ry \Va . .. Eh& tixafc signs of. woik

wera observed at Mi: ton, Ulster Coia y I:?..1'

P. J. Parrott (May 21). "Beetle collected by jarring in Ontario Count y>'-'

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Uew York. C. K. Crosby & Assistants report the insect as very numerous in Dutchess

and Orleans Counties; first eggs found in Columbia County on May 11, while first egg punctures wore observed in Tompkins Coanty on May 20.

Delaware. C. 0. Houghton {Hay 9). "So little fruit survived the cold weather of late March and early April that it is difficult to get any damage data for Northern Delaware ."

.Vest B. C. Sherwood (April 27) . "1^ or Zfo of apples infested of the Yorks and

Virginia. Borne Beauties and 10% of the Grimes Golden in Berkeley County."

North Franklin Sherman (TT^y 11). "As yet I have seen but few larvae but plenty

Carolina, of punctures at K^1. sigh."

Georgia. A. 0. Lewis (April 23] . "The curculio is already doing considerable damage to peaches in Georgia. They are very numerous this year. The peaches are now dropping ofx in considerable numbers and where the trees have not been sprayed about 80$ of the o.rops are infested with Curculio. Infestation in the drops from the sprayed trees are much less. The cold weather of this month has killed more peaches than at first estimated."

Alabama. V7. E. Hinds (May 10) . "Occurs in unusual abundance. The first generation is now maturing, spraying for the second brood being practised in many orchards."

Louisiana. T.H.Jcnes (Liarch 30) . "Small attacked fruit numerous on the ground

beneath trees on the above date. Adults began issuing from breeding jars at Baton Rouge May 6."

Ohio. K. A. Gossard (May 16) . "The only work of the plum curculio yet observed

by me was a single puncture in a peach at Waterville on this date."

Missouri. Leonard Baseman (May 9) . "Mr. C.E.Brown reports from Carroll County that about 2/£ of the plums are infested."

PEACH

GBEEN PEACH APHID (Mygus pqrsicaa Sulz.)

New York. M. D. Leonard (Hay 16) . "Leaves considerably curled by lice on small planting in Onondaga County."

BLACK PEACH APHID (Anuranhis rarsicae-niger Smith)

Indiana. J. J. Davis (May 17) . "This aphis is abundant in peach orchards in

southern Indiana. It attacked tender shoots but since May 1 the winged forms have been migrating to young orchards necessitating spray oporations to control and prevent injury."

Illinois. W.P. Flint (May 17). "More abundant than usual in southern Illinois."

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PEAGH TREE BORER ' ] ^geria exitiosa Say)

Jew York. CrR. Crosby & Assistants report this insect as increasing in abundance in Orleans, Wayne and Columbia Counties; about as abundant as usual in Monroe and Albany Counties, and less abundant in Ulster County,

ladiana, J. J. Davis (May 17) . "This every day pest is very abundant over the State. T7e are advised that it is more abundant than usual, but this may be due tc the fact that worming operations were somewhat suspended during the war on account of the scarcity of labor."

LESSER PEACH TREE BORER (Aegeria pictipes G. & R.)

few York. C. R. Crosby & Assistants report this insect as very abundant in orchards in Orleans County whe re brown rot is prevalent, borers infest the cankers. The species was also fairly common in Monrce County and a few were observed in Albany and ',;ayne Counties.

TERRAPIN SCALE (Lecanium nigrof as c latum Perg.)

Ohio. H. A. Gossard. "Several reports of terrapin scale on both maple and peach

may presage more than average abundance of this insect this season."

Kentucky. H. Garman (March 8). "Terrapin scale reported from LaGrange with specimens.1'

BLISTER BEETLE (Pomphopoea aenea Say)

Georgia. Oliver I. Snapp (March 10) . "All of the blossoms and foliage were removed from 50 trees in a four thousand tree orchard. The outbreak was checked within two days by arsenate of lead and hand picking."

PECAN

PECAN NUT CASE BEiSER (Acrobasis hebescella Hulst )

?s.-cs. G. B. Uatkins (May 27) . "Reports indioate that this insect is working over

the whole state and threatens the crop, which otherwise would be heavy."

CURRANT

CUPRANT APHID (Myzus ribis L.)

Connect i- 1. H. V/aldon (May 20) . "Fairly abundant at New Haven, is usually present cut. each season."

New York. S. P. Felt (May 13) . Beginning to appear at Milton, Ulster County.

P. J, Parrott (May 16). "More abundant than usual in Ontario Ccunty."

C. R. Crosby & Assistants. "More abundant in Tioga County, Tompkins County, and fairly abundant in Ulster County."

Delaware. C 0. Houghton (April 12) . "Half grown plant lice of this species sur- vived the snow and freezing temperature, of April 10-11, at Newark."

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IMP0RT3D CURRANT WOT"™ (^teronidsa ribesi Scop.)

New York. B. P. Pelt (May 18) . "Currant worms are about l/3 grown, at Scotia, Saratoga County." r

C. R; Crosby & Assistants report as doing damage in Suffolk end Ulster Counties.

Delaware. C» 0. Houghton (Hay 10). "Larvae are full grown now and leaving the hushes." Polistes 3p. destroys many of the larvae here."

RASPBERRY

RASPBERRY FRUIT WORM (Byturus unicolor Say)

Conneoti- 3. H. Walden .(May 20) . "Very abundant on each of three visits to Bast cut. Haven, is now laying egg3."

Hew York. B. P. Felt (May 13). "Is locally abundant and very injurious ;to raspberry plantings in the vicinity of Milton and Marlboro, Ulster County, and this season has already caused serious lossos to the prospective berry crop. This insect is credited with being en important factor in bringing . about the reduction in area devoted to this fruit. A very considerable percent- age of the blossoms had been destroyed by May 13 and the beetles were still active and were controlled to only a relatively 3light degree by repeated poison applications or spraying with a tobacco preparation."

P. J. Parrott (May 16). "Observed in small numbers in Ontario County."

C. R_ Crosby & Assistants. "First noticed on May 12 and very numerous on May 22 in Ulster County."

MISCELLANEOUS RASPBERRY INSECTS

Monophadnoides rubi Harris

Conneoti- B. H, Walden (May 20) . Present in every plantation visited in New Haven out. East Haven and North Bradford. Adults first observed April 16 and

newly hatched larvae at New Haven April 27.

Bembecia marginata Harris

Oregaa. a. L. Lovett (May 16). "Reports from Washington and Lane Counties of

serious injury to loganberry arid raspberry plantings by the crown borer are at hand. Probably the climatic conditions have served to seriously de- vitalize the plants to such an extent as to accentuate the injury -by the borers."

BLACKBERRY ROSE CURCULIO (Rhynchites bicolor Fab.)

Oregon ^ L( LQVQtt (j£3y 12.). "The rose curculio is appearing on the buds of I

small fruits, principally blackberries in the vicinity of Portland.' The beetles injure the blossom buds by feeding and oviposition punctures. The buds wilt and never open. The same injury occurred in 1912 and 1913 but has been almost negligible since that time.

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&RAP£

GBAPE LEAF HOPPER (Typhlocyba come3 Say)

New York. C. R. Crosby & Assistants found this insect fairly abundant towards the end of Hay in Ulster County.

Call- A. J. Plebut (Hay 18). "Much more abundant than usual at Fresno, hatched

fornia. about May 3, second instar Ilay 10. Considerable work done with a dust containing black leaf 40 against the adults but with no success."

GRAPE FLEA BEETLE (Altica chalfrbea 111.)

New York. C, R. Crosby & Assistants reported in very small numbers from Columbia ai Ulster Counties.

GRAPE PLUME-LDTH (Oxvptilus periscelidactylus Fitch.)

New York. E. P. Felt (May 13). Larvae very common on grape tip at Milton, Ulster County.

MISCELLANEOUS GRAPE INSECTS

Grape vine hoplia (Hoplia callipyge Lee.)

Cali- A. J. Flebut (2day 7). "Reported several days ago by F. H. Howard, also

fornia. reported on young vines near Delano by P. R. Jones, more abundant than usual . "

Grape mealy bug (Pseudoooccus maratimus Ehrh. )

Cali- A, J, Flebut. "Many more insects on foliage than usual at Fresno."

fornia.

Aohemon sphinx (Pholus achemon Dru.)

Cali- A. J. Flebut (May 1). "Much more abundant than usual. Last year this

fornia. insect stripped 1000 acres near Livingston. They are now abundant in the same vineyard and have spread to vineyards several miles away. Emerged 25 days earlier this year than last. Oviposit ion May 1st. First hatched May 9."

Grape leaf folder (Desmia funeralis Hubn. ) New York. J. D. Detwiler (May 20) . Larvae fairly abundant at Ithaca.

Grape leaf skeletonizer (Harrisina amerioana Guer.) Delaware. C. 0. Houghton (May 7) . "First adult of the season taken on a lilac."

-56- CIERUS ATTD SOB-ERQPIGAL FRUITS

BUST MIT3 (Sriophyes clsjrorus Asian. }

Florida. E. Fe DeBusk (April 23} . "Bust reite appeared earlier this year. Is much more abundant than usual. 75$ oi the crop is intosted in lake County. "

S9&IEED GUOUISiR BBB3L3 (Dlghrotica yittata gab.)

X. 3. 3ragdc:i (April 21). This insect has damaged the fruit to the e3*ent of 5C$ on a few treea causing the Crait to drop to the ground by feeding thereon. Damage observed in ProvajrU County.

COEDOHY MAPIS SCAL3 (Fulvinaria visis L.)

Alabama. W. S« IHrds (May 10) . "Cottony maple scale reported as attacking an area of several acres in the extreme southeastern part of Baldwin County, occurring upon the orange, satsuma orange included but not in great abundance thoreon."

BLUB GREEH CITRUS TCSSYIL (Paohnaeus onalus 01 iv.)

Florida. H. B. Stevens (April IS) . This insect is always present ever the southern portion of the State, but seldom becomes numoroaa enough to cause much damage. At the presort tiros it appears to be very numerous in Little It? "'"".' V5.c5.nity, sn& Is warding in conjunction with t.ie Artipus floridanus and is causing considerable damag

Art gnus Horn

Florida. H. E, Stevens (Apr*"' Lfc} . £hi: - has for years been knovm to attack

limes "". the > ■'"■ ,rv J.-^rl - • v . fchs first time it has been kntuwn

to do noticoari ■ '•:.-•• trees. TMs year it is doing

cr - - - *..-,- t.-:!oi: r;/ ex D-srio It attacks the young foliage

eating ut P«g^s ">'•' **» leaves, a~so does 3light damage to mangoes

and eons ids rable daaage to avocado.

A. R. Oakley (May 14) '; "Doing serioas damage to young citrus on Hypoluzo Island."

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I

SOUTHERN FIELD CROP INSECTS.

TOBACCO

Maryland.

Virginia.

Kentucky.

Florida.

Florida.

TOBACCO FLEA -BEETLE (Epitrix parvula Fab.)

E, N. -Corey (April 16). "J. P. Burdett, county agent %n Charles County, reports that those insects are much more aoundant bnan

usual. Farmers report that 10 per cent, of the plants in the seed beds a re being destroyed by flea beetles. The fanners generally cover their beds with muslin, bu£ many report that the beetles get under the muslin. " (April 22 ) "Ma-h more serious than usual in lower Prince George's County. The weather con- ditions have retarded the plants so that the injur:/ is even mere serious than would normally be the case. Yesterday I went to lower Prince George J s County on a request from the county agent, Mr, W. B, Posey, who reported that the black fly was doing considerable damage » The black fly proved to be Egitrix par vol a and it, would s eem that it has been partially responsible for the loss of a number of seed .beds in the lower pcrtion of the county. The injury ranges from 33 to 50 per cent, of the plants at present found in the beds,"

W. J. Schoene (April 28). " We have received a number of com- plaints during the past ten days of ir:jary to tobacco beds by flea-beetles. Some of the reporters rtate that the injury is serious and that some of the earliest plants were entirely destroyed,"

H, German (April 25), "Flea-beetles are becoming very destruct- ive in some tobacco beds in this Statu,"

SOUTHERN TOBACCO HORNTORM (Phlegethcntius sexta Johan.)

D. L, Campbell (April 23,) "This insect is just making its appearance. It is a little earlier than usual this year. Only a few eggs have been observed so far in Gadsden County,"

BUDWORM (Chi or idea virescens Fab. )

"This budworm appeared earlier than usual this year and is present as usual on every plant in the fields in Gadsden County*

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SUGAR CANS

SCALE INSECT ( Aclerda sp.)

Lcuisians. T. H. Jones (April 11.) "Specimens of this scale insect were sent me on May 8 by Mr. T. C» Barber, though the pest had "been noted some tine previously by hid. It was taken on sugar cane growing in the greenhouse at the Sugar Experiment Station at Audubon Park, and Mr* Barber has. more recently reported it. outdoors on grass near the greenhouse, the grass being ^S&FPgP^gF. gggjicatuSa Both Mr. H. Morrison and Professor G. P. Eeiris;. have seen specimens of the scale insect reporting noth- ing further than genus. It appears that it may be an undes- crioed species, that it has net been taken in Louisiana before, and possibly is a recent introduction. Indications are that it will not prove to be a serious pest of sug^r cane »t least, and Mr. Barber reports that it is highly parasitized." (Special Report.)

COTTON.

. . COTTON APHID (Aphis goSSypii Glov.)

Texas, A. J. Reinhard (May 18). "Not abundant thus far in Brazos

Oounty. A ?ery severe infestation during April was reported from Karnes County, wherein the reporter states that they have completely destroyed a large acreage this year."

CUTWORM (Undetermined)

Texas. A. J. Reinhard (May 18). "In$&stSfcs and Karnes Counties cut- worms are reported abundant in all fields; in some fields from 10 to 15 per cent, of the plants have been d estroyed."

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PINK BOLLWQRM (Pectincrshora g^s^y^iella Saund,)

At the conference relating to the pink bollworm situation, held at Washington, May IS, 1921, attended by representatives cf the States of Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas, Arkansas, Oklahoma, New Mexico, Arizona, and California, the- following report' was unanimously adopted as em- bodying the opinions of the conference:

(1) We indorse and coL-mend the Policies of the Federal Horticul- tural Board in dealing with the pink bcllworm situation in the United States. We wish, furthermore, to express cur approval particularly of the work of Dr. W. D, Hunter, who has been in direct charge cf the field wcrk of the infested States; his energy, persistence, and tact in dealing with an unusually difficult situation ere especially to be commended. To his efforts and to those cf the proper State authorities who have worked in^ccoperation with him, especially in, Texas and Louisiana, the other cotton-gr owing States feel deeply indebted that this cctton pest has not spread more widely since 1917.

(2) It is clear to the conference that the only practicable method of eradicating the pink bollworm is by continued prohibit- ion of the growth of cotton in irfes ted districts for a period of years. The feasibility of extermination wcrk where conducted accord- ing to the methods and maintained for the period of time recommended by the entomologists of the Cotton States and approved by the Federal Horticultural Board is completely demonstrated in the Hearne district, where a noncottcn zone has been maintained since the fall of 1917 and intensive scouting each year thereafter has failed to show any re- currence of the infestation. Furthermore, it is apparent in the Trinity Bay district that the maintenance of a noncottcn zone for one year only is not long enough to accomplish extermination*

(3) The conference believes that there is now a possibility cf exterminating the pink bollworm but that this opportunity is one that must be taken prompt advantage cf . On the other hand, we feel that the continuance of the infestation in any areas under a regulated system is fraught with grave danger to the entire cotton industry. Therefore, we believe that the present establishment of regulated areas in west Texas and New Mexico should be considered only as a temporary arrangement, to be condmdfesdd onlyso long as may be neces- sary for appropriations to be made to maintain this district as a non- cottcn zone. In the meantime, also, we would recommend that efforts be made to secure the cooperation of the Mexican authorities in maintaining a noncottcn zone on the Mexican side of the border. In order to provide further safeguard against the introduction of in- festation, we believe that the Immigration Service along the Mexican border should be so strengthened as tc secure the movement cf all laborers coming from Mexico into the United States through the proper points of entry where adequate inspections may be maintained.

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(4) In dealing with the pink hillwonn situation, adequate provis- ion should be made in State laws for a technical commission, which should be vested with full authority In establishing the fact of in- festation, as well as in exercising wide discretion in relation to the fixing of the limits of any areas which may be placed in noncotton zones or regulated zones, such zones to be continued in force auto- matically until changed by the act of the commission,

(5) With reference to States bordering on Mexico, the conference believes that action should be based upon infestation conditions pre- vailing on the Mexican as well as on the .American, side, in such action both Federal and State authorities should cooperate »

(6) We bela^ve that inasmuch as the work of eradication is un- dertaken for the benefit of the country at large, as well as for the direct benefit of the States wherein infestation may be found, that tha«funds utilized in maintaining noncotton zones should be supplied jointly by the State and Federal Governments, in. accordance with pre- cedents already established in the case of the work against tuber- culosis and the foot and mouth disease of cattle#

(7)i We hereby express our appreciation of the present attitude of the citizens of Louisiana and Texas in favor of extermination work, as reported by their representatives in this conference. We are grati- fied with the assurance we have here received that it is proposed, through a special session of the Texas Legislature, to be held in July, 1921, to strengthen and make fully effective the eradication work now under way, or to be hereafter instituted in that State,

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IRUCI CRO-P INSECTS POTATO SEED-CORN MAGGOT ( Hylc:..yia cilicrura Rond.)

I.lassa-

chusetts. H, T. Fernald (Kay 10) " This insect was observed in the region extending fron South Deerfield to Hatfield in the Connecticut River Valley. It is the first case I have seen in the State, some fields suffering as high as 25 per cent damage. Where cotton seed meal -was used as a fertilizer the injury seer:.ed greatest and maggots taken in the field and put into the sane material £Sd on it. The growers noticed this and asked if the maggots could possibly have come in the Deal, The insect was bred fron the maggot and identified as an adult, verifying the larval ( tentative) identification. Just as the insect had been identified the special report on this pest was received. The maggots seemed worse on the lov/er spots in the fields out v;ere not wholly absent on the higher ground. "

New

Jersey. 2, J. Headlee (April ZJ) " The seed-corn maggot has appeared this spring in considerable numbers over the southern third of the State and has done dam re to pea and' bean seed^ to lettuce plants y and in some cases to potato seed. "

D. E. Pink ( May 11) "This insect is 100 per cent rcore abundant than last year over the entire southern part of the State. By actual count 10 per cent of the 'string bean and liira bean plants were found to be injured. In the vicinity of TCest Palmyra fish scrap was used in the bottom of sweet corn hills and this field was nearly ruined. Another field planted a day later had no fish scrap in the bottom of the hills but the fish scrap was applied on top nfter the corn was up. This latter field was not injured. "

Indiana. J. J. Davis ( Kay iy) " Reports of injury to corn and beans in central and south central Indiana have been received. "

Illinois. S. C„ Chandler ( Kay iy) "This insect was bred from dying strawberry plants. Twenty-five per cent of the plants in a field at Richview were found to be in this condition. It was impossible to tell whether or not the maggots attacked healthy plants. "

COLORADO POTATO BEETLE ( leptinotarsa deceralinoata Say)

New York. C. R. Inglce ( Hay 13) " Beetles attached plants soon after the latter showed through the ground in Suffolk County. "

H. C. Huckett ( Hay 14) " Eggs now becoming noticeable in sot© fields in Nassau C ounty. "

•64r

New D. E. Fink (May 12). "Much more abundant than usual/ The beetles are Jersey now attacking potatoes; in some localities they are more in evidence than in others/ Eggs are now being deposited."

West E. C. Sherwood (April 29). "Very few adults observed. The first egg Virginia masses of the season observed today."

South L. B. Altman (county agent). "Some damage done this spring in Greenwood Carolina County."

POTATO APHIS (Macrosiphum solanifolii Ashm.)

Delaware C. 0. Houghton (May 9). "This species is quite common on rose here this spring but I have not yet observed it on potato. It apparently is being held in check by Alalia bipunctata."

West E. C. Sherwood (April 29). "Could find no signs of aphids on potatoes Virginia in Mineral County. First observed aphids on potatoes and tomatoes on May 23.

North Franklin Sherman (May 11). "This pest is as yet unknown to me in the Carolina field. If present it certainly has not been a subject of complaint in this State."

Missouri L. Haseman (May 9). "Mr. C. E. Brown, of Carrollton, Carroll County,

reports that there is a slight infestation of potato aphids in his part of the State."

Alabama W. E. Hinds (May 10). "Occurs, but not in numbers to cause complaint. This species has not yet attracted much attention in Alabama."

POTATO FLEA -BEETLE (Epitrix cucumeris Harr.)

New York C. R. Inglee (May 13). "Rather heavy infestation in Suffolk County but recent rains seem to have driven many of them off the vines."

E. P. Felt (May 12). "Adults were first noticed in small numbers on garden plants in Rensselaer County today."

H. C. Huckett (May 14*21). "This beetle is about as numerous as usua 1 in Nassau County this year."

R. Matheson (May 25). "Beetles have been active for a week, doing con- s iderable damage to young tomato plants at Ithaca."

E. P. Felt (May 25). "A report has just been received from Genesee County that the small black flea-beetle is very numerous on tomato plants.'

Delaware C. 0. Houghton (May 7). "Quite numerous and doing about the usual amount of damage at Newark."

New Jersey

West Virginia

Oregon

D. E. Fink (May 12). "About as numerous as usual in the southern part of New Jersey. Beetles are just beginning to attack potatoes and to- matoes."

E. C. Sherwood (April 29). "First observed on this date in Mineral County. A few beetles on the larger plants in the lower parts of the fields. Potatoes are about three inches high."

A. L. Lovett (May 10), "The western potato flea-beetle (Epitrix subcrinita Leo.) is present in most fields but less numerous than usual."

CABEAGE

New York

Delaware

Kentucky

Ohio

Oregon

New York

CABBAGE WORM (Pontia rapae L.)

C. R. Crosby and assistants report that cabbage butterflies were first observed in Erie County on May 14; eggs first observed in Tompkins County on May 13; by May 26 larvae were in the third and fourth instar and considerable damage was being done to garden cabbage in the latter county.

C. 0. Houghton (May 9). "This species does not appear to be as common as during the la st week in March and I believe that the cool weather of March 29 and 30 and the snow and freezing temperature of April 9 and 10 destroyed many of the adults."

H. Garman (March 15). "First adult of the season observed on this date. Adults common by March ?.r. at Lexington. The southern cabbage butterfly ( Pontia protodicc B. ft l>n) was quite common about the flowers of the common weed Lithospsnausi awenss on March 27."

H. A. Gossqrd (May 7). "Cabbage butterfly laying eggs at Marietta the first week in May."

A. L. Lovett. -'First eggs were found on May 10; so far adults seem very scarce."

CABBAGE MAGGOT (Hylemyia brassicae Bouche)

C. R. Crosby and assistants report that on April 29 females were ac- tively laying in Nassau County, as high as 80 per cent of ths plants in many rowa having eggs at the base. By May 14 egg laying h? . -t ceased and injury was apparent b-^ih in seed bsd3 and 5.u the . . - .J. • by May 20 cabb3gec grown for seed were shewing s.ig-xs of injury. 1 ;. ap- pears that in such cases the maggot does net injure the i v>ts but at- tacks the plant ir. the region of the o'-d head entering the steza at the axils of the leaves. Within three inches £3 maggoxs wore removed from one plant. Growers of cabbage seed have removed all the Isaves in the ti~?e of saving the healthy plants. This may bs th- r/,-?.?.v reason for the lack of success that growers of cabbage sc-sC have had during the past season. On May 3.4 flies were quite numerous and laying eggs in Erie County; May 3.8 repots of serious damage co radish in Orleans County were received and mi the 21st serious damage to early cabbage in iSuffolk County was reported.

-6&- 0

New Jersey

Indiana

New York Delaware

Ohio

Michigan

Florida

Alabama

P. J. Parrott (April 25). "Flies observed in considerable numbers in cabbage seed teds May 16. Egg laying not extensive; the larvae are now hatching."

T. J. Headlee (April 27) ing early cabbage."

"Some damage by the cabbage maggot attack-

J. J. Davis (May 5). On May 2 I was at Haamond and there found cab- bage maggot eggs on every plant examined , and in many cases 15 or more eggs to aplant. In this connection it is interesting to know that last year there was practically no damage by the cabbage maggot in that section. of the State."

(May 17). "For the past 15 years the cabbage maggot has been a regular pest in northwestern Indiana; last year, however, it was conspicuous by its absence. A second visit to Hammond, May 14, showed a heavy infestation of small maggots in cabbage, cauliflower, and radish, and dozens of eggs about every cabbage or cauliflower plant in the favored areas."

ASPARAGUS

ASPARAGUS BEETLE (Crioceris asparagi L.)

J. D. Detwiler (May 20). "Beetles fairly numerous, have been laying eggs for the past two weeks at Ithaca."

CO. Houghton (May 9). "More numerous than usual at Newark. With this species has appeared Crioceris 12-punctata L. , but much less numerous than the asparagus beetle."

H. A. Gossard (May 12). "Beetles were observed at Marietta on May 11. w

R. H. Pettit (May 17). "More abundant than usual, damage being quite serious. Have observed hymenopterous egg parasites attacking the egg? of this beetle."

BEAN

BROWN COLASPIS (Colaspis brunnea Fab,)

E. Frierson (May 12). "Noticed for the first time today at Elfers; about 10 percent of the beans were damaged by actual count. The vari- e^y ^ lavida is the one present."

MEXICAN BEAN BEETLE (Epilachna corrupta Muls . )

W. E. Hinds (May 10). "Continued to emerge in large numbers from hibernation, and even the earliest planted table beans are now threatened with extremely serious injury. Cold weather has delayed the crop and favored the increased damage ffem this species."

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F. H. Chittenden, Bureau of Entomology. "Investigations of the dis- tribution of the Mexican bean beetle show that it is continuing to spread. It has been reported under dates of May 30 and June 1 as fol- lows:

Tennessee 11 miles north of Chattanooga, and from McDonald in Bradley County, to Tucker Springs in the same county.

Georgia Dade County (Rising Fawn, Trenton, Sulphur Springs), Chattooga county (Lyerly and Holland), Floyd county (Gammon), and Walker County (Flint- stone, Highpoint , Cooper Heights, Cassandra, Shaw, and Lafayette).

Alabama Cherokee County (Pleasant Springs), Calhoun County (Piedmont, Anniston) , Clebourne County (Muscadine, about 2 miles from the Georgia line, show- ing a spread of about 60 miles due east).

It is eviddnt from the information already obtained that the bean beetle will spread much more rapidly than was at first believed/ There is indeed reason to believe that the extensive spread could only be ac- complished by strong migration immediately before hibernation last fall. This habit is characteristic of other Coccinellidae and may be reason- ably expected with the Mexican bean beetle and other Epilachna,"

CUCUMBERS AND MELONS

STRIPED CUCUMBER BEETLE (Diabrotica vittata Fab. )

Alabama J. J. Davis (May 10). "Made their conspicuous appearance at Lafayette today; coming in swarms, apparently with an easterly wind, from bot- tom-lands of the 7/abash river. They attacked cucumbers in frames in swarms «"

Texas H. J. Reinhard (May 19). "This pest is reported unusually abundant in Tarrant and Montgomery Counties and is causing serious damage to the melon crop."

COTTON APHIS (Aphis gossypii Glov.)

Florida Jeff Chaff in and assistants report that this insect v/as first noticed on May 1 in Orange County; by May 4, it was doing considerable damage over the entire county; and by May 9, at least 15 per cent of the watermelons that had not been sprayed were seriously damaged. At Arcadia this insect was reported as being more abundant and doing many times as much damage as usual in watermelon fields located near citrus groves by April 18; and was much more abundant than usual in Pasco County by April 19.

STRAWBERRY

STRAWBERRY WEEVIL (Anthonomus signatus Say)

-63- -68-

New York E. P. Felt. "Strawberry weevil adults were observed in small num- bers in Saratoga County on May 18."

C. R. Crosby and assistants report that they were quite numerous and doing considerable damage in Ulster County by April 27. In one planting about 10 per cent of the blossoms had been already cut off. By May 7 it was noticeable that serious injury was confined to the variety William Belts; varieties Sample, Schofield, and Bubach are only slightly injured. Slight damage was also reported from Orleans County, while a more serious outbreak developed in Columbia County; here one dusting was applied on April 22 and another on April 30. The two treatments held the pest in check ffom the report received on May 7; here again, the William Belts variety seems to be the worst infested.

STRAWBERRY LEAF -BEETLE (Paria canella Fab.)

New York E. P. Felt (May 18). "Adults feeding in small numbers on strawberry plants at Scotia, Saratoga County."

New Jersey

C. R. Crosby and assistants (May 9). "Adults found occasionally in Columbia County."

STRAWBERRY LEAF-ROLLER (Ancylis comptana Froehl.)

D. E. Fink (May 12). "Moths were out last month, and by the end of the month eggs were deposited. Larvae are now attacking foliage at Mooretown and Haddonf ield ."

New York

New York

Florida

Arkansas

Otiorhynchus rugifrons Gyll.

J. B. Palmer (May 14). "Very serious injury by grubs working in the crown of the plants in Ulster County."

MISCELLANEOUS TRUCK CROP INSECTS

Onion Maggot (Hylemyia antiqua Meig.)

C. R. Crosby and assistants report that the maggots are less numerous than usual in the onion section of New York State up to May 21.

Striped Blister Beetle (Epicauta vittata Fab.)

H. Mowey (May 13). "Damaged about 10 per cent of the plants at Jacksonville."

Sweet Potato Flea*Beetle (Chaetocnema confinis Gr, )

W» J. Baerg (May 17). "This pest is apparently quite numerous in certain localities. It is not generally destructive! however."

Pea Aphis (Macrosiphum pisi Kalt)

.

-M-

Texas

New Jersey D. E. Fink (May 9). ''About as numerous as usual over the southern half of the State. The insect seems to be on the increase and spraying is being resorted to by many farmers."

False Turnip Aphis (Aphis psaudohra-.es ioae Davis)

H. J. Reinhard (May 11). "Very injurious to turnips in Potter County."

Southern Green Plant-bug (lTezara viriduJa L.)

W*. E, Hinds. "This insect is appearing in large numbers and will certainly again become a serious problem in the southeastern part of the State. This insect was greatly reduced by the extreme cold weather of January, 1913 , and has not occurred until this time in large numbers."

Horse-radish Flea -bee tie (Phyllotreta armoraciae Koch.)

Connecticut B. H, Warden (May 9) "Abundant and eating leaves of horse-radish at New Haven."

A labama

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FOREST AND SHADE TREE INSECTS

SPRUCE

Spruce Gall Aphid (Adelges abietis Kalt.) New York. C. R". Crosby and Assistants report this insect as badly infesting Black Hills spruce, attacking three or four year old seedlings, as well as older trees at Brentwood on Long Island.

MAPLE

Silver Maple Leaf Mite (Phyllocoptes quadripes Shim.) New York. E. P. Felt. (May 23). "Maple bladder galls fully developed and locally abundant on soft maple at East Schodack, Rensselaer County."

M. D. Leonard (May 11-16). "One tree with galls very numerous on the leaves at Baldwinsville, and another at Elmira."

Chaitophorus iyropiota Kess. New York. E. P. Felt (May 19). "Females are scatteringly present on Nor- way maples at Albany, yhis plant louse is somewhat abundant every year and occasionally is very injurious to Norway maples."

Drepanaphis acerifolii Thos. New York. E. P. Felt (May 19). "Adults were scatteringly present on soft maples at Albany. This aphid is a very prevalent one, although rarely markedly injurious*"

Maryland.

New York.

New York.

New York.

North Carolina.

Chaitophorus aceris L«

E. N. Corey (May 24). 'More abundant than usual at College Park

and reported as very numerous at Annapolis. n

V/oolly Maple Leaf Scale (Phenacoccus acericola King)

E. P. Felt (May 23). "Reported as common on most of the sugar

maples at Oneonta, Otsego County."

Cottony Maple Scale (Pulvinaria vitis L.)

E. P. Felt (May 23). "Present on soft and silver maples at One- onta."

Terrapin Scale (Becanium nigrofasciatum Perg.) ' E. P. Felt (May Zff. "Black banded scale abundant on maples at Cambridge, Washington County, there being numerous eggs."

Green-Striped Maple Y/orm fAnisota rubicuada Fab.)

F. Sherman* (April 16). "Adults sent frost lioclcleaaa^rg County, Seems like early appearance for this species."

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Box Elder Aphid (Chaito~horus neguniinis Thomas) Indiana. J. J. Davis (March 16). "This aphid is becoming exceptionally abun- dant in several parts of Indiana, and in some cases has resulted in a decided dropping of the foliage. This aphid is one of the very first to hatch from the egg in the spring and this year at Lafayette they were first hatching, according to our observations, on March 16. The dimorphic form is already abundant."

BIRCH

Calaphis betulaecolens Fitch. New York. E. P. Felt (May 19). "Both adults and young were abundant upon

weeping birch at Albany, and the foliage was already becoming coat- ed with honey dew."

C. R. Crosby & Assistant report that trees are badly infested at Hyack and less so at Warwick." N

White Marked Tussock Moth (Hemerocampa leucostigma S. & A.) Kentucky. H. Garman (April 18). "Hatching from the eggs today at Lexington."

Bronze Birch Borer (Agrilus anxius Gory) New York. E. P. Felt (May 19). "Seriously injuring cut-leaf white birch foliage and during the last three or four years has killed a number of large trees in Albany Parks and the remainder are in a sickly or dying con- dition. This insect has been very destructive to ornamental birches throughout most of the State."

BEECH

Beech Aphid (Phyllaphis fagi L.) New York. E. P. Felt (May 19). "Adults and young decidedly abundant on copper beech at Albany."

ASH

Ash-Mid-Rib Gall (Contarinia canadensis Felt) New York. E. P. Felt (May 18). "Galls are well developed and abundant in Al- bany County, many of the larvae being half grown and some attacked by parasites."

HOLLY

American Holly Leaf 'liner (Phytomyza obscurella, var. ilicicola Loew) New York. A. F. 3artlett (May 19). "Occurred on a hedge at Syosset^ . Much more destructive in the vicinity of Philadelphia and farther Scut'/..

LARCH

Woolly Larch Aphid (Cnaphalodes strobilobius Kalt.)

M.D.Leonard (May 17). "Many large tr?es ./ere so badly infested at

New York.

Ithaca, as to look as if dusted with flour, that the trees actually dripped."

Honey dew was so abundant

Chermes laricis Htg. -72- New York. E. P. Felt (May 19). "Was- generally abundant on the new larch

. leaves at Albany. Occasionally this aphid is decidedly injurious."

' PINS Pine Bark Aphid (Pineus strobi Htg.) Ohio. H. A. Gossard. "Quite conspicuous at Wooster and has been reported from two or three other localities*"

New York. M, D. Leonard (May 14). "Several pines affected at Pleasant ville."

E. P. Felt (May 19). "Has apparently been an important factor in weakening white pines in Albany Parks since infested trees have been losing strength and dying for the last 10 or 12 years."

Kentucky. H. Garman (March 15). "Eggs observed on white pine at Lexington. Some trees very badly infested. April 7, the eggs are hatciing."

White Pine Weevil (Pissodes strobi Peck) New' York. E. P. Felt (May 13). "Has been abundant and very injurious to

white pines for a series of years near Broadaibin, Fulton County, and during the last four or five years has. seriously injured a mod- erately large planting of white pine. There is a marked contrast between these conditions and those in northeastern Rensselaer County, where recently set pines are practically unharmed. Injury by this insect here and there on Long Island was reported on May 13.

POPLAR

Cottonwood Leaf Beetle (Lina scripta Fab.) Ohio. H. A. Gossard (April 11). "For several years has been a serious

pest in the plantations of the Mead Pulp and Paper Company at Chil- licothe, Ohio, and has commenced its operation full early this sea- son being received April 11."

ARBOR VITAE

Arbor-Vitae Leaf-Miner (Argyresthia thuiella Pack.) Connecticut. W. E. Britton (May 19). "Since reporting this pest last month the larvae have pupated and a few adults have emerged. This leaf miner has injured many plants about New Haven."

New York. E. P. Felt (May 24). "Has been the cause of several complaints from Long Island and a shipment from Newport, Rhode Island, was badly infested as reported by P. M. Eastman."

OAK

Tent Caterpillars (Malacosoma spp.) Oregon. A. L. Lovett (May 16). "More abundant in the fruit sections of

Douglas County. Malacosoma d is stria and .erqsa are both prevalent. The majority are on oak but tend to migrate to orchards. Malaco- soma pluvialis is more generally common in the upper- Willamette valley this spring than usual; the principal hosts are wild rose and alder."

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ELM

The Elm Leaf Beetle (Galerucella luteola MU11.) New York. E. P. Felt (May 17). "Adults working freely in Albany and vicin- ity."

Oregon. A. L. Lovett (May 10). "Adults appeared on trees to date at Port- land and Corvallis. Previously reported from Multnomah County, is now found in Salem, Marion, Corvallis, and Benton Counties."

Dim Scale (Gossvparia spuria Modeer) New York. E. P. Felt (May 19). "The elm bark louse females are nearly full grown and some-.'hat abundant on both European and American elms in Albany and vicinity."

Woolly Elm Aphid (Eriosoma amerjcana Riley) New York. E. P. Felt (May 18) . "Just starting leaf rolls on American elm at Karnor, Albany County."

MISCELLANEOUS FOREST AND SHADE TREES INSECTS.

Bag Worm (Thvridopteryx sp.) Arkansas. W. J. Baerg (May 10). "Several times as numerous as usual at Fay- etteville, hatching in large numbers, no parasites seem to be pre- sent, a thousand bags were collected and examined."

Missouri. L. Haseman (No date). "Much more numerous than usual in Jasper,

Newton, Barton and Laurence Counties. A special campaign has been started in Jasper County to control this pest."

Gypsy Moth (Porthetria dispar L.) Massachusetts. H. T. Fernald (April 22). "Worcester County Farm Bureau re- ports very heavy infestation this year."

Fall Canker Worm (Alsophila pometaria Harris) North Carolina. Franklin Sherman (May 11). "Has been locally epidemic in mountain forests and in western North Carolina in the years 1917 to 1920. We expect it again this year, but studies in 192C indi- cate that natural enemies are on the increase. Of these an egg parasite ranks first in importance."

GREENHOUSE AND ORNAMENTAL PLANTS

ROSE ROSE LEAFHOEPER ( Empoa rosae L.)

New York, ' E. P, Pelt ( May G) " Rose leafhopper young were abundant on the under side of rose leaves at Nassau, Rensselaer County. H

R. Ma the son ( May 23) " Very abundant on rarbler roses at Ithaca. •'

M. D. Leonard . " Badly infested rose leaves received from Ensenore. One nymph apparently in the fourth stage- "

Ohio. H» A, Gossard, " The rose leafhopper has appeared in numbers on

rose foliage at Yiboster, the nymphs now being nearly grown. They have yielded quickly to spraying with nicotine sulphate, where this has been applied, "

ROSE APHID ( Macro siphun rosae L. )

New York, M, D. Leonard ( May 20) " Rugosa roses with buds and terminal

growth now considerably infested with these aphids at Ithaca. "

Ohio. H. Osborn ( May 12) " Quite numerous at Columbus, injury not

especially noticeable and natural enemies are likely to control them. "

ROSE SCALE ( Aulacaspis rosae Bouche. )

New York. M. D. Leonard ( May 26) " A large bed of Rugosa roses badly infested at Ithaca. "

ROSE CHAFER ( Macrodactylus subspinosus Fab.)

Delaware, C. 0. Houghton ( May 9) M Took first adults of the season at Newark, today. "

ROSE MIDGE ( Dasyneura rhodophaga Coq.)

Indiana. H. F. Dietz ( May 17) " Rose midge began to show up after the middle of March due to warm weather. "

IRIS

GARDEN SLUG ( Agriolimax agrestis L.)

New York. R. Matheson ( May 15) " Leaves badly damaged by this pest in one • bed at Ithaca ."

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New York,

LILAC OYSTER SHELL SCALE ( Lepidosaphes ulrai L. ) P. J. Parrott ( May Id) " Abundant on lilacs at Rochester. K C. R. Crosby ( May 7) " Abundant at Milton, Ulster Qounty."

. BOXWOOD

BOXWOOD LEAF-MINER ( Monarthropalpus buxi Labou.)

New York. 'M. D. Leonard ( May 9) " Large hedge at Glen Cove, Long Island

badly infested, apparently most in the larval stage, but several_ pupae were observed on two leave's . "

Y/EIGELIA .

FOUR- LINED LEAF BUG ( Poecilocapsus lineatus Fab.)

New York. R. Matheson ( May 23) " Is now injuring the terminal growth, but is not as abundant as last year at Ithaca."

HOLLYHCCK

HOLLYHOCK EUG ( Orthotylus delicatus Uhl ??)

Indiana. J. J. Davis ( May 13) w A capsid which seems to be the same as has been referred to under above name, has appeared in destructive numbers on hollyhocks at Lafayette. "

CHRYSANTHEMUM

CHRYSANTHEMUM GALL MIDGE ( Diarthronomyia hypogaea

F. Loew)

Indiana* J. J. Davis ( April 15) " According to reports which have come to uslthe chrysanthemum gall midge is pretty well distributed in Indiana and ia a very serious pest."

H. F. Dietz ( May 17) " Chrysanthemum midge is getting widely scattered though it does not seem to be a s destructive as in the past^ probably our mild winter was favorable to its rapid multiplication. There is at present a decided shortage of chrysanthemum stock in Indianapolis, which means that lots of florists will have to buy plants and if they are not careful will get midges with them. r

THR3PS ( Heliothrips femoralis Reut.?)

Indiana, H#£F. Dietz (May 17) " Thrips have been very abundant on

chrysanthemum and have done serious damage. These insects are practically always present on calla lilies in this State, though the actual damage to this host is slight. "

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Indiana.

Indiana,

BOSTON FERN

BOSTON FERN SCALE ( Henichionaspis aspidjstrae Sign,)

H. F, Dietz ( May 17) " Is a common pest on ferns, though not universally present in. the greenhouses of the State. "

MISCELLANEOUS GREENHOUSE INSECTS

Greenhouse orthezia ( Orthezia ins ignis Doug. )

H. F. Dietz ( May 17) M This insect has been found in three different greenhouses on coleus in the past month. Hot serious as yet. M ( Also received from Logans "port, Indiana, this past winter, J. J. D.)

Greenhouse white fly ( Trialeurodes vaporariorum Tffest. )

Indiana, H, F, Dietz ( May 17) " Have found the greenhouse white fly to be the most universally present of all pests so far in

Indiana."

Greenhouse leaf-tyer (*£hlyctaenia ferrugalis Hubn.)

Indiana, H, F. Dietz ( May 17) " Greenhouse leaf-tyer is bad in the

northwastern part of the State ( Fort Wayne and vicinity) wit nij one outbreak at Indianapolis, "

INSECTS ATTACKING MAN AND DOMESTIC

A N I M A L S .

Mosquitoes ( Aedes abfitchii Felt.)

New York. Matheson and Shannon ( May 10) n Large numbers of larva© and

pupae found on April 21 and to-day. Females active and several taken attacking nan. "

Aedes canadensis Theo.

New York, Matheson and Shannon ( May 8) " Adults reared from larvae taken in a small, spring ef pool at Ithaca,"

Anopheles punctipennis Say. 1

New York. Matheson and Shannon ( April 2) " Adults just emerging from hibernation at Ithaca, "

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Matheson and Shannon ( May 14) " Adults obtained from larvae and pupae found in a email pool along railroad at Ithaca*"

Culiseta inornatus Wil,

jw York. Matheson and Shannon ( April 2) " Adults just emerging from hibernation at Ithaca."

Stable fly ( Stomosys calcitrans L, )

Office of Southern Field Crop Insect Investigation: Attention must be given to the stacking of straw during threshing if the terrible outbreak of stable flies of last year is not to be repeated this season, Last year's losses are well remembered by the farmers and stockmen of Oklahoma, Kansas ~ Nebraska, and parts of the Dakotas. Heavy rains at threshing time combined with loose piling of the straw was responsible* Plowing wa_s practically abandoned in some sections, amd tractors were resorted to in many instance! as the horses could not withstand the overwhelming hordes of flies. Cattle suffered heavily, flesh beirjg greatly reduced and milk flow cut tv;entyrtfive to fifty per cent, in some cases. Death loss was also heavy- animals weakened through blood loss and worry fell ready prey to certain diseases and others were said to be actually made sic!: by the flies themselves. The field men of the Bureau of Entomology state that these blood-sucking flies were present in unusual numbers in June, With many old straw stacks still in the fields and the usual careless piling of stnaw at threshing time and some heavy summer rains these flies will develop into veritable hordes late in the summer,

MISCELLANEOUS INSECTS ATTACKING MAN Chrysops niger Macq,

New York. Matheson and Shannon ( May 6) " Several females taken while attempting to attacjj:'man, also several males taken on blossoms of chokecherry at Ithaca,"

S imuLlum sp.

Matheson and Shannon ( May G) " The species pictipes locally abundant in woods at Ithaca. "

Small body hen louse ( Menopon pallidum Nitz.)

New York, M. D. Leonard ( April 12) " Back of a man at Accord was badly bitten by these lice, They hud evidently gotton on him while working in a poultry house, as he was employed by a poultryman."

UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA

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Fowl tick ( Argas miniatus Koch)

Louisiana. T. H„ Jones ( April 11) " These oites were taken in New Orleans

and were referred to Mr. F. C. Bishopp of the Bureau of Entomology for determination. I believe this to be the first authentic record of this pest in the State of Louisiana, although we have had one or two reports which were suspicious. ( Special Report No.l^)

Common cat and flog flea ( Ctenocephalus canis Curtis)

Missouri* Leonard Haseman. " Very serious outbreaks of these insects attacking ram at Atlanta, Pleasant Hill* and Hale have been reported to this office. The fleas are breeding in hog houses and have entered dwellings and other farm buildings. "

English Earwig ( Forf.jcula auricularia L. )

Oregon, A. L. Lovett ( May l6) The English Earwigs passed the winter

apparently vrith little or no mortality or loss of vitality. They are already active in Portland Where approximately lG square blocks in one of our exclusive districts are simply over run with the ■ pest. They are a serious nuisance. Houses do not rent, property will not sell, and friends even decline invitations to call. They are transported very readily and new outbreaks are expected. They prey on ornamentals and have been found destroying raspberry blossoms." ;