THE INSECT PEST SURVEY
BULLETIN
A monthly review of entomological conditions throughout the United States
Volume 2 April 1, 1922 Number 1
BUREAU OF ENTOMOLOGY UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
AND THE STATE ENTOMOLOGICAL AGENCIES COOPERATING
Collaborators of the Urited States Department of Agriculture acting as
Reporters for the Insect PestSurvey
Alabama Dr. W, E. Hinds, Entomologidt , Agricultural Experiment Station,.
Suburn . Arizona Mr. Don C„ Mote, State Entomologist, Phoenix.
Arkansas Prof. G. C. Becker, Chief Inspector, State Plant Eoard, Little Roc
Mr. W. J. Baerg, Entomologist, Agricultural Experiment Station,
Fayetteville. California Mr.. IP. S„ Smith, Entomologist, Office of Plant Pest Control, State
Deo artm e nt o £ Ag r i c u It u re, Sac r am e n t o . Dr. Yr* B. Perms, Head cf Division of Entomology and Parasitology,
University of California, Berkeley. Colorado Dr. C. P. Gillette, State Entomologist, Agricultural Experiment
Connecticut Dr. \7. E. Britton, St ace Entomologist, Agricultural Experiment
St at ion t New Haven. Delaware Pro.'. C CJ. Houghton, Biologist, Agricultural Experiment Station,
Newark . Florida Mr. Jef:C Chaffin, Assistant Nursery Inspector, State Plant Board,
Gainesville. Georgia Prof. Ac C„ Lewis, State Entomologist, State Department of -Agri-
cult are, Atlanta. Idaho Mr- R» Kb Smith, Entomologist, Entomological Substation, Twin
Falls. Professor R, Muttkowski, University of Idaho, Moscow. Mr. Claude Vfakeland, Agricultural Experiment Station, Boise. Illinois Dr» 87. P. Flint, Entomologist, State Natural History Survey,
Urbana. Indiana Prof.. J. J. Davis, Entomologist, Purdue University, Lafayette.
Iowa Dr. Fv A, Fenton, Agricultural Experiment Station, Ames.
Kansas Dr. G« A. Dean: Entomologist, Agricultural Experiment Station,
Manhattan. Prof. S. J. Hunter, Entomologist, University of Kansas, Lawrence. Kentucky Prof, H. G irman, Entomologist, Agricultural Experiment Station,
Lexington. Louisiana Mr. T. H. Jones, Entomologist, Agricultural Experiment Station,
Baton Rouge •> Maine Dr« 2, M. Patch, State Entomologist, Agricultural Experiment
Station, Or 2:10. Maryland Prof.. E. N„ Cory, State Entomologist, Maryland University,
College Park. Massachu- setts Dr. H. T. Femald, Entomologist, Agricultural Experiment Station,
Amherst. Michigan Frof . R, H. Pettit, Entomologist, Agricultural Experiment Station,
East Lans ing , Minnesota Prof. A. G. Ruggles , State Entomologist, University Farm, St.
Paul . Mississippi Prof, R. \7. Harned, Entomologist, State Plant Board, Agricultural
College. Missouri Dr. L. Haseman, Entomologist, Agricultural Experiment Station,
Columbia.
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada New Hamp- shire New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Caro- lina North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma Oregon
Pennsyl- vania
Rhode Island
South Caro- lina South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Virginia
Washington
West
Virginia
Wisconsin
- 3 - Prof. R. A. Cooley, State Entomologist , Agricultural Experiment
Station, Eozeman. Mr. A. L. Strand, Assistant State Entomologist, Agricultural
Experiment Station, Bozeman. Prof v. M. H. Swenk, State Entomologist, University of Nebraska,
Lincoln. Prof. C. W. Creel, Entorologist, University of Nevada, Reno. Prof. W. C. O'Kane, Entomologist , Agricultural Experiment Station,
Durham . Dr. T. J. Headlee, State Entomologist, Agricultural Experiment
Station, New Brunswick. Dr. R. L. Middle orook, Agri cultural Experiment Station, State
College . Dr. E. P. Felt, State Entomologist, University of the State of
New York, Albany. Prof. 0. R. Crosby, Extension Entomologist, Cornell University,
Ithaca, Mr. P. J. Parrott , Entomologist, Agricultural Experiment Station,
Geneva. Prof. F. Sherman, Chief in Entomology, State Department of
Agriculture, Raleigh. Dr. R. L. vrebster, Agricultural Experiment Station, Agricultural
College, Prof. H. A, Gossard, Entomologist, Agricultural Experiment
Station, Wooster. Dr. Herbert Osborn, Entomologist, Ohio State University, Columbus. Dr. R. C. Osburn, Entomologist, Ohio State University, Columbus. Profr C E„ Sanborn, Entomologist, Agricultural Experiment
Station, Stillwater. Prof- A, L. Lovett , Entomologist, Oregon Agricultural College,
Cbrvallis. Mro J. G* Sanders, Director, Bureau of Plant Industry, State
Department of Agriculture, Harris burg. Dro A. &• Stene, Entomologist, State Board of Agriculture,
Kingston. Prof* A. F. Conradi, Chief Entomologist, Agricultural Experiment
Station, Clems on College, Prof. H. C. Severin, State Entomologist, /Agricultural Experiment
Station, Brookings. Prof. G. M. Bentley, State Entomologist and Plant Pathologist,
State Board of Agriculture, Knoxville. Dr. M. C, Tanquary,' State Entomologist, Agricultural Experiment
Station, College Station. Mr. E. E. Scholl, Chief Inspector, State Department of Agriculture,
Austin. Prof. H. J. Pack, Entomologist, Agricultural Experiment Station,
Logan. Prof. W. J. Schoene, State Entomologist, State Crop rest
Commission, Blacks burg. Dr. A. L. Melander, Entomologist, Agricultural Experiment Station,
Pullman. Prof. W. E. Rumsey, State Entomologist, Agricultural Experiment
St at i on , Mo rg ant own . Prof. L. M. Peairs , Entomologist, Agricultural Experiment Station,
M org ant own. Prof. S. B. Fracker, State Entomologist, State Department of
Agriculture, Madison. Prof. H. F. Wilson, Entomologist, University of Wisconsin, Madison.
INTRODUCTORY STATEMENT
In presenting the initial number of the second volume of the Bulletin, the Insect Pest Survey wishes formally to thank its Collaborators for the very sincere and painstaking efforts they have made in obtaining and transmitting information relative- to insect conditions in their respective territories. It wishes, also , to express its appreciation of the commendations they have made of the Survey's work, both in correspondence and in the resolutions adopted at the Annual Meeting of the American Association of Economic Entomologists held at TGronto.
The coming season's reports rromise to be much more complete than those of last year. The Collaborators in most cases have organized definitely for Survey work, some with a specialforce of assistants, and others by a cooperative arrangement with the Extension Service of the State, thus utilising the County Agent force, Ehe scope of the Survey's work is much better appreciated than when the work was inaugurated, and the Collaborators are reporting all notes on insect conditions at the present time, realizing that what might seem a trivial and normal condition rcay prove of inestimable value, when associated with similar reports from several other Collaborators.
One of the greatest difficulties experienced in summarizing the data received is in interpreting the comparative terms used in describing the extent of destructiveness of a pest. This is no fault of the reports but serves to accentuate the lack of definite standards in this field. The nearest approach to these definite standards is the percentage of infestation and percentage of damage figures that are being used in some of the major pest surveys.
The Annual Summary of the insect conditions for 1921 is now about ready for publication. The scope of this work was necessarily modified from that set forth in the Introductory statement of Volume 1, The entire field could not be covered with the limited force at command, so nineteen of the more important and interesting pests were selected and reviewed.
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OUTSTANDING ENTOMOLOGICAL FEATURES FOR THE WINTER OF 1921-22 AND THE SPRING OF 1922 UP TO APRIL 1.
The Hessian fly situation has not been reported as at all serious in any of the important wheat -growing sections this spring.
Over the region infested by the chinch bug the winter has been comparatively rnild and observations in Illinois indicate that the winter mortality of this pest was extremely low. The adults became active in southern Illinois during the middle of March. Investigations made in Ohio indicate that this pest normally hibernates in farm wood lots and not in the weeds and grass along the fence rows as was formerly believed to be the case.
An interesting phase of the green-bug situation has developed this spring. Surveys carried on by the Bureau of Entomology indicate that there is practically no infestation of the green bug in northern Texas this year, the severe droughts of last summer having prevented the growth of volunteer wheat. In northern Oklahoma and eastern Kansas, however, there seems to be a sufficient green-bug infestation to start an outbreak in these regions, if weather conditions are favorable. This seems to indicate that the outbreaks of the green-bug in Oklahoma and Kansas are not necessarily the result of the northward migration of this pest from northern Texas.
The false wireworms have become seriously abundant and destructive in western Kansas and Nebraska. The dry fall and winter in many localities prevented germination of the seed until this spring, and the false wireworms have consequently been favored by this condition.
The corn borer that was discovered in Texas and northern New Mexico last summer has been determined this Fpiring as Diatraea lineolata Walker. The Survey carried on this spring indicates that in the Big Bend country of Texas the infestation amounts to 50 per cent of the corn.
The seed-corn maggot again appeared on the Atlantic Seaboard this spring, having been reported from North Carolina on March 6, This pest has al30 been reported this year^in Alabama and Louisiana.
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The variegated cutworm was exceedingly abundant in January in the State of Sinaloa, Mexico, where it is one of the serious pests attacking the commercial tomato and pepper plantations.
The southern green plant -tug is again becomin; destructive in southern Alabama. This pest has net been troublesome since the freeze of 1918.
The boll weevil passed the winter very sue cegu fully in Alabama, this spring's examinations snowing that lb per cent of the beetles were alive. This is about five times the normal average and indicates that with favorable* weather a serious boll -weevil year may be expectedin this region.
About 40 per cent of the papaya fruit in the Fort Myers district of Florida was destroyed by the papaya fruit fly.
Florists in Maryland, New York, and Massachusetts are reporting serious depredations by the chrysanthemua gall midge.
The cyclamen mite is reported as very serious in greenhouses in the Baltimore and Philadelphia districts where it is attacking cyclamen and cnapdragon.
The strawberry leaf -beetle as a rose pest in green- houses is attracting considerable attention this spring. Reports of serious injury havfc; been received from Massachusetts and Pennsylvania.
I N S 2 C T PEST SURVEY BULLETIN
Vol. 2
.'pril 1, 1922
No. 1
C E R S A L A FD PORUE-CROP PIN S E C T S
HESSIAN FLY ( Phyto-phaga cies true tor Say)
Tew York 0. R. Crosby (survey for 1921). "During; the la to summer of 1921, the Bureau of Entomology, in cooperation 'ith this office, made very careful counts of wheat stubble throughout New York State to ascertain the percentage of infestation by the Hessian fly. The samples were taken at various points throughout the counties, this office taking 25 straws in a sample while the Bureau of Entomology examined from 20 to 50 straws. /The samples were taken at from 4 to 20 different places in each county with the following results:
Per cent
Cayuga
Columbia. . . Erie
Genesee. . . . Livingston. Monroe.
6.9
9.9
8.2
7.6
4.2
...... 2.8
Niagara 12.3
Per cent
Ontario 4.0
Orleans........ 10.6
Seneca,.... 2.6
Tompkins 12.4
Ulster 6.4
'Vayue 9.3
Wyoming 4.9
"This mates an average infestation for the State in last yearSfi stubble of 7.3 per cent.'1
Iowa C. ". /inslie, Bureau of Entomology. "Examinations made late in
October, 12 miles from Sioux City, showed plenty of eggs and larvae as well as pupa r is in volunteer wheat at that time. Twenty miles north of this point no trace of the fly could be found. In this latter region no volunteer wheat was found in the fields examined and the sown grain was quite free. On the Missouri River bottoms to the south the infestation was very general, but the injury will probably be slight."
Nebraska M. H. Swenk (November 18, 1921). "The only report of serious in- jury to the new wheat by the Hessian fly coming to our attention during the period here covered (October 15 to November 18, 1921) was from York County during the middle of October in early sown fields."
(March 15.). "Examinations of the winter wheat in various localities indicate th.it the Fessian fly is present about as it was in the Spring of 1921. The outlook at present does not look particularly serious."
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Missouri J. R. Horton, Bureau of Entomology (October 31, 1921). "Examina- tions in 8 counties shaved that the most serious infestrtion in this State is in the southeastern third, here the infestation ranging from 19 to 32 per cent. Through the center of the State the infestation ranges from 5 to G percent, while in the north- western third of the State the infestation in the single county inspected showed 2 per cent infestation. The infestation in the several counties was as follows:
Per cent Wrigit............. 6.6
Boone. .. . 5.5
Perry.... 19.5
Green 5.2
Per cent JTodaway 2.0
Mississippi 32.0
Crawford........ 22.7
St, Louis 27.9
Kansas J. R. Horton, Bureau of Entomology (Oct* 31, 1921). "Several
examinations of wheat were made during the fall of 1921 to as- certain percentage of infestation and the relative parasitism. On September 3, examinations were made in the middle portions of southern Kansas, at which time volunteer wheat was well ad- vanced in the fields, h-jving heen about 1 inch high on August 8, having developed 3 or 4 leaves on 7\ugus t 17, and having begun tillering on August 29. The condition of the flaxseeds dur- ing this month was as follows: Empty but not parasitized, 30.7 per cent; containing healthy larvae, 30»2 per cent; con- taining diseased and dried-up larvae, 16*4 per cent; contain- ing living parasites, 10.2 per cent; containing parasite emer- gence holes, 12.3 per cent* Up to that time no pupae were found, nor had any emergence been observed. Infestation ranged from 7 to 26 per cent, averaging 14.1 per cent. On October 31, county examinations g^ve the following results:
Russell. . Ellsworth.
Rush ,
Barton. . . . Summer . . . .
Per cent 0.3 0.4 2.0 0.0 2.2
Per cent Cowley 1.0
Sedgwick........ 6.0
McPherson. ..... 0.6
Saline 1.0
Ellis... 0.4
""During the month of October only one-third of the total number of Hessian fly pupae examined were alive. h heavy mortality also occurred among the larvae during the month of September. (TTov. 1). At this time examinations of flaxseeds show empty but not parasitized puparia, 18 per cent; healthy Hessian fly larvae, 58.5 per cent; Hessian fly pupae, 1.5 per cent; diseased, or dried-up larvae,': 16.5 per cent; and parasitized larvae, 5.5 percent."
G. A , Dean (March 13). "We are receiving few inquiries concern- ing the Hessian fly. There is some infestation by the Kessian fly over the entire eastern half of the State, but wi th the ex- ception of a few places we do not anticipate any injury."
Arknnsaa J. R. Norton, Bureau of Entomology (Oct. 31, 1921)- "Examinations fiiadc? in 7/ashington County showed infastation less than 0.5 per cent. In. Semroy Guiuiiy. infestation averages 3.2 per cento"
Oklahoma J. R. Horton, Bureau of Entomology (October 31, 1Q21). "Examina- tions made in the several counties in Oklahoma showed the follow- ing results: Mo Hessian fly found in 'Voods Country, Canadian County, K°y County, and Craig County, Ottawa County averaged 2.9 per cent, Garfield County 1»2 per cent, :nr» ?als^ County 0«6 per cent.
CHINCH BUG ( B 1 i s su s 1 cue op te ru s Say)
Illinois 3. C. Chandler (March 14..)* "Chinch "bugs are becoming active on
warn days in southern Illinois. Apparently very little mortality has resulted during the winter."
Ohio T. H. Parks (March 17). 'Er.amina tions made today in northwestern
Ohio to determine the hibernating quarters sho\/ed that probably nine-tenths of all living chinch bugs hibernated in the fallen leaves of farm wood lots-. "cods located 1/2 mile from previous- ly infested comf ields were found to contain the hib&rmting
bug£
None were found in dense bluegr^ss along ro-dsides and
fence rows."
GREER BUG ( Toxoptera graminum Rond. )
!7. R. '7alton, Bure-u of Entomology ("larch 3). *'7e are at last in a position to give you a summary on the green-bug situation in Texas, Oklahoma, Tensas, and southwes r.e.rn Missouri.
"In northern Texas, where the green bug was so abundant last year at this time, it has been impossible for our men, Mr. C. H. Gable and Mr. E. E. Russell, to find any trace of infesta- tion. The late sum-.rer was very dry, preventing the growth of volunteer grain, and this is believed to h-ve prevented the de- velopment of the insect. On the other hand, Mr. Horton reports the green bug present in the following counties in Oklahoma: Grady, Muskogee, Caddo, Tulsa, Log^r., 'Vashington.
The insect has been reported as present, either by Mr. Horton or the Kansas State men, from the following counties of Kansas: Montgomery, Neosho, Linn, Labette, JUlen, *Tiami, Cherokee, Bourbon, Leavenworth, the last county hrving been reported by Prof. Lean.
"In Missouri, Prof. Haseman reported a slight infestation in Jasper County in the southwestern corner of the State.
"The green-bug situation as it appears at the present time is most interesting for these reasons: The prevalent opinion during past years has beon that serious outbreaks in Oklahoma and Kansas are the result of excessive breeding of this pest in Texas and a heavy northernly migration, whereas the present Survey shows unmistakably that in snite of the fact that there is no infestation in Tex~s, enough infestation exists in Oklahoma and Tansas to serve -'S a starter for a very serious infestation this spring, given favorable weather conditions.
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• ThijSi.naetfs tb^jvLJ'kJ.2'?.:tl\s contention that in all probability the great outbreaks of Toxoptera have not teen due to early migra- tion, bur to the development of the insect in volunteer grain throughout the regions most seriously infested, and the apparent progress of the insect northward is due more to the progress of spring than to migrations of the adult Toxoptera. The present evidence, of course, is not conclusive but is enlightening v/ith respect to this matter."
Kansas J. R. Horton, Bureau of Entomology (March 16). "March examina-
tion shows the following status of the green bug in several counties in Kansas; Examinations were made in Sedgwick, Sum- ner, Harvey, McPherscn, Snline, Dickerson, and Marion Counties, and no green bv.g was found with the exception of two nymphs which were found in a field two miles south of Bell Pl-dne in Sumner County* ''/heat is generally in good condition due to recent rains. During r^oa t of the winter it has been poor ow- ing to severe drought, and practically no volunteer 2nd little of the seed grain sprouted until February - conditions which are rather unfavorable for aphids."
Meromyza punct.lfer Becker
Oregon L. P. Rockwood, Bureau of Entomology (March 8 ). "I have just
received the Meromyza material reared from wheat collections during the outbreak in Union County, Oregon, in June and July, 1921, determined by Dr. J. M. Aldrich, who found but one Meromyza ameriloana Pitch in this lot, all the other specimens being M, punctifer. It would be advisable, therefore, to
change the records published in the last volume of the Survey Bulletin on this outbreak so as to refer to M. punctifer as the species causing the damage. However, I think it would be advisable to retain the record of the occurrence of M. araer icana in this region, as it has been stated that this species dees not occur west of the Rocky Mountains."
"HEAT MIDGE (Contarinia tritici Kirby)
"ashington L. P. Rockwood, Bureau of Entomology (March 8). "The wheat midge, records c? which were published in the Insect Fest Survey -Bulletin, Volume 1, No. 4, page 147, and Volume 1, No. 5, page 180, should be corrected. Dr. E. P. Felt has de- termined the material from this infestation as Thecodiplosis mo gel Ian a Gehin. Similar material was reared from wheat collected at Batavia, N.Y. in 1912, by Dr. Felt."
JOINTS/OHM CHarmolitn tritici Fitch)
Kew York C. R. Crosby (March 22). "/. very complete survey was carried on during the late summer of 1921 to ascertain the infestation of wheat by tiie jointworm in the more important grain-graving counties of New York State, These examinations wore made co-operatively by this .office and the Bureau of Entomology, wi th the f o 1 low ing results-.
New York
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Per cent
Ontario.. 4.4
Orleans 3.5
Seneca 2.6
Tompkins 0.8
Ulster.. 2.6
Wayne 5.1
Wyoming. 1.1
Cayuga
Columbia.. .
Erie
Genesee.. . . Livingston.
Monroe
Niagara.. . .
Per cent 3.2 0.3 0.3 6.9 4.9 4.3 0.9
"The average infestation for the State "being 2,9 per cent."
WHEAT-SHEATH GALL J0INT70RM (HarmQlita vaginicola Doane )
•G.. R. Crosby (March 22), "In connection with the Hessian fly and jointv/orm survey carried on late last summer, observations were also made on this insect with the follov7ing results. No infestation in Ontario, Tompkins, Erie, Orleans, "Wyoming, Genesee, Seneca, Columbia, and Niagara Counties*
County
Per cent
Ulster 0.3
7ayne 2
Monroe .1
Livingston .2
Cayuga 2.1
"A 0.2 per cent infestation average for the State."
APPLE-GRAIN APHIS (RhQ-palosJ-phum prunifoliae Fitch)
Nebraska M. H. Swenk (November 18, 1921). "In Baker County growing wheat
was found rather heavily infested around the roots by the apple-grain aphis, but not a great amount of damage was done by it."
FALSE ,vr?S"'0JM (Eleodes opaca Say)
Nebraska M. H. Swenk (November 18, 1921). "In Garden County the wheat h'js nearly all been more or less damaged by the Great Plains frlse wireworm, and some fields were practically destroyed during the period covered by this report (October 15 to November 15)."
Kansas J. 7. McColloch (March 25). "This insect is making its appearance in wheat fields of western Kansas where it did a large amount of damage last fall, due to the dry weather and the poor germination of the grain. In many parts of the State the wheat did not germinate last fall and has laid over winter in the ground. Re- cent rains have started the seed to germinate and apparently stimulated the false wireworm to greater -ctivity. *s this insect will be in the larva stage for about another month, we may antici- pate even greater injury."
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MOPIiON CRICKET Unabrus simplex Hald. )
Montana A. L. Strand. "Through a mistalce in identification which has
since been cleared up, the coulee criel>et. Poranab^us scabr ? eg 111 3 !■'.-• o.n * , waa reported in Volume 1, No. 5 of the Insect Per^t Survey Bulletin as occurring in Toole and Teton Counties. 7iiis should have been the Mormon cricltet, Anabrus sinrplex. "
Aphod ius di3 t j no tas Mtlll.
Nebraska M. H. Sweiifc (November 18, 1921). "Heavy flights of this beetle were observed in the wheat fields in Cheyenne County early in November, but no injury was done."
MITE GRUBS (Phyno-Vh^rra spp, )
"/est L. M. Peairs ("arch 10). "larvae are quite numerous about Morgan-
Virginia town, full-grown grubs being within 10 to 12 inches of the sur- face,"
CUTVORMS (Undetermined )
Kansas G-. /. Dean ("'arch 13). "7e are receiving a few reports of cut-
worms from me south-. central part of Xri.e State. These are in wheat."
CORN
A NEW CORN BCRER (Diatraea line Plata "/rlker)
Texas W. R. 7/alton, Bureau of Entomology (March 19),. Turing the summer
of 1921, Mr. R. J-.. Epperson, one of the inspectors of the Federal Horticultural Board, employed under the direction of "Dr. ". D. Hunter on the Mexican border, discovered that a lepidopterous stDl7:-borer was very numerous in the corn in the Rio Grande Valley from El Paso southward through the Big 3end country, being especially nurerous on the Mexican side of the line. Messrs. C. H. Gable and R. A, Epperson were assigned to investigate the insect with a result that a single adult was reared which was determined during the month of February this ye -r as Dia tresfe; lineoia ta 'Vallsr. The late Mr. "/. R. McOonnell had studied
this insect at Carlsbad, New Mexico, during the month of February, 1914, and the following year.
"Messrs. Gable and Epperson conducted a survey in the Big Bend Country of Tex^s during the first ten d ^ys of February this year and found the insect present in ail cornfields in Brewster County, and as f ->r north as Las Cruces, New Mexico. The infes- tation was heavier ilong the river than elsewhere. Here it was impossible to fin;1 m unin^ur^d st-lM. In some fields whore
only stubble was found there had been approximately 50 per cent infestation and 25 per cent of the dead stubble contained living lirvae. Sugar cane and milo maize were al^o attac^d, although
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"the latter was but sli^itly injured. The insect is believed to be present in the Pecos Valley of New Mexico although this re- port has not been confirmed,
"The information regarding the biology of the insect so far collected indicates that its life history closely parallels that of Diatraea zeacol'&Qa and D. saccharalis. There are
probably two generations annually, the second one wintering as
larvae in the root stock of the corn. The insect is be-
lieved to have been conveyed across the Mexican border in fodder carried by the Mexicans for their horses and burros,"
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GREEN CLOVER r/ORM (Plathypena scabra Fab. )
New York E. P. Pelt (December 17, 1921). "Mr Roy Latham, of Orient Point, reported that quite a number of tte moths were flying on the even- ing of December 17."
GRASS
LUBBER GR/.SSH0P13ER (Pictyophorus reticulatus Thunb. )
Florida H, W. Fogg (March 18). "This insect is normally abundant about Eustis in Lake County,"
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FBUI1 I IT SECTS APPLE C0DLI1TG LIOTH ( Carpocapsa pnmonella L. )
Idaho Claude V.'akeland (Llarch 18). "Field men of the Department of Agriculture
report that in certain parts of the State, especially in the Boise Valley, most of the codling moth larvae wintering above the snow line have been killed by the extremely low temperatures."
•700LLY APPLE APHIS (Eriosoma l&niTeruro Hausm. )
Hew York C. R. Crosby (December 19, 1921). "Specimens of crab-apple trees slight- ly infested in Hew York City."
APPLE WIG-MBIER (Karmara elotella Busck)
Connecti- M. P. Zappe (Llarch 24). "The insects seem to be quite plentiful in a cut portion of an orchard at 3ranford where this pest has been observed in
previous years."
APPLE AM) TH0R1! SKELET01IIZER (Hemerophila pari ana Clerck)
lew York E. P. Felt (Llarch 23). "Ij*. Henry x>ird reports, from Rye, that this insect was the most impirtant pest last year in parts of V/estchester County and it presumably will be equally abundant during the coming season. There appear to be four broods and the activities of native parasites were noticeable."
SPRING CAlTKERrrSR:i (Paleacrita vernata Peck)
'Missouri A. P. Satterthwait (February 18). "Five males were caught by hand, and others were seen in flight, attracted to an out-door electric light between the hours of 7 and 10 p. m. The weather has been fair and mild but the frost is not yet out of the ground at "Tebster Groves."
FALL CAITKERV/lRi: (Alsophila pcmetaria Harr. )
Ohio H. A. Gossard (larch 18), "Cankerworm moths, which may have been either
of the fall or spring species, most probably the former, were reported by Ix. C. F. Irish to have appeared in Cleveland on February 23. i:ale moths were seen in V/ooster the 1st of March."
BUFFALO TREE-HOPPER ( Ceresa bubalus Fab . )
Connecti- M. P. Zappe (llarch 24). "Orchards in both Ilorth Haven and 3ranfcrd show cut many oviposition scars on the twigs and smaller branches. This pest,
apparently, has been present for several years. These scars are present, although less numerous, m pears."
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New York C. R. Crosby (February 9). "Oviposition scars present on apple and pear at Fernwood February 14. Several acres of young trees at Truxton with many egg scars."
Ohio H. A. Gossard (Larch 18). "We have received dozens of specimens of twigs
of fruit trees damaged by the buffalo tree-hopper, C_. bubalus , and Stictocephala inennis . Reports of such injuries have exceeded the aver- age."
SAN JOSE SCALE (Aspidiotus perniciosus Corns t. }
Connect!- F/« E. oritton (Larch 8). HThis insect has been rather scarce for several cut years and now seems to be increasing."
Hew York E. P. Felt (Larch 23). nllr. Henry Bird reports that this insect appears to be absent in parts of V/estchester County."
Illinois S. C. Chandler (Larch 14). "Owing to the mild weather, the mortality of
the San Jose Scale has been rather low at Olney. Of 1,000 scales examined, 522 were alive."
OYSTER-SHELL SCaLE (Lepidosaphes ulmi L. )
Hew York C. R. Crosby (January 14). "Ten acres of apples 3 miles northwest «f Ithaca are badly infested with this insect."
SCUHFx SCALE ( Chionaspis fur fur a Fitch)
Hew York C. R. Crosby (February 1). "Four rows of old apple trees at Upper Red Hook are very badly infested."
SHOT -HOLE BOflER (Scolytus rugulosus Ratz. )
New York C. R. Crosby (January 17). "Observed an infested tree at Katonah."
Ohio H. A. Gossard (Larch 18). "This insect was received three times and
there were eight or ten additional inquiries about the control of this pest without specimens."
ROUEDHEABED APPLE-TREE BORER ( Saperda Candida Fab.)
Ohio H. A, Gossard (Larch 18). "Among orchard insects the roundheaded apple-
tree borer was received from East Canton."
PEACH
CHERRY SCALE ( Aapidiotus forbesi Johns. )
Earyland E. N. Cory (February 24). "This pest has multiplied about Berlin In spite of spraying, probably being protected by the scaly bark due to peach scab."
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PEACH BORER (Aegeria exitiosa S&y)
Pennsyl- S. W. Prost (fall of 1921). "Paradichlorobenzene has been placed about vania trees of several orchards in Adams as v/ell as other counties in Pennsyl- vania. An examination of the trees in Adams County on November 1st showed no evidence of any of the chemical being left."
Ohio H. A, Gossard (Larch 18). "A large number of inquiries, two or three
dozen of them during the past two months., indicate great interest in the use of paradichlorobenzene for the peach-tree borer."
LESSER PEACH TREE BORER (Aegeria pic tines G^ 6b R. )
Ohio R. A. Gossard (L'srch 18). "The lesser peach-tree borer was the subject
of a few inquiries ana observations in peach orchards, which are frequent- ly cultivated and, therefore often scarred and bruised, showed that such orchards are quite run down with thic pest as compared with orchards not cultivated so often.'1
PLUL1
PLUli GALL-IILTE (Eriophyes phloeocoptes Nal . )
Ohio H- Ac Gossard (;:arch 16). "On March 15 the plum gall mites had become
active and were creeping over the outside of the galls in dozens and were sv/arming within by hundreds."
RASPBERRY
STRIPED TREE CRICKET ( Oecanthus nigricornis Walk. )
Ohio K. A. Gossard (torch 10). "^7e have received dozens of specimens of
orchard twigs and the canes of small fruits injured bv the tree cricket. Reports of such injuries have exceeded the average."
BLACKBERRY
FLORIDA FLOWER TERIP3 (Franlvlinielia bisninosus pro.iectus \7atson;
Florida Jeff Chc:ffin (II; rch 18). "Thrips are very numerous and will, no doubt, do quite a bit of damage to commercial blackberry plants in the vicinity of Bradentown (Uanatee County). This is the first ye'r I have noticed this pest."
CURRAIST
IMPORTED CURR^ET BORER (Aegeria tjpulil'ormis Clei-ck)
Hew York C. R. Crosby (December 30, 1921). "Infested canes were receive from East Hampton today."
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GRaPE
ROSS CHAFER (Ilacrodactylus subsoinosus Fab. )
Ohio H. A. Gossard (March 18). "Five inquiries about the control of the rose beetle during January and February indicate that this insect was locally abundant last season and is expected again this year* Reports of such injuries h~ve exceeded the average.,"
CITRUS FRUIT
FLORIDA FLO'.TER THRIPS (Franltliniella Mgp?.nosus nrojacfrus Watson)
Florida J. R. Watson (March 20). "This thrips, v/hich marks and scars the fruit while in bloom, appears to be more numerous this year throughout the entire State."
P4PAY4
PAPiiY^. FRUIT FLY iTozotrypana curvicauda Gerst. )
Florida T7. R. Eberhardt (Larch 11). "This insect has damaged about 40 per cent of the fruits in the Ft. Ilyers district, -.;here it has been noticed for the first time this year."
jOuisiana
lOuisiana
Jorth Carolina
labama
exico
I
TRUCK-CROP INSECTS
POTATO BEETLE (Loptinotarsa decemlineata Say)
T. H. Jones (March 13). "Mr. R. W. Axt observed beetles recently among seed potatoes at planting time. Without doubt these entered the con- tainers in the field or a near-by shed."
SEED-CORN IIAGGOT (Hylemyia cilicrura Rond.)
T» H. Jones (December 16, 1921). "Under date of December 18 Mr. Foulks wrote 'The maggots are beginning to work on my cabbage crop and I feel a little uneasy about them. ' No specimens of the maggots were sent but I am of the opinion that they probably were this species, which has caused some damage on this truck farm in previous years."
R. W. Leiby (March 6). "A letter from Mr. D. C. McCotter of Cash Cor- ner, Pamlico County, says: *I am sending you, under separate cover, specimens of seed potatoes snowing the same maggot worm that attacked the crop last season. It has appeared again this season and is likely to do as great damage to the crop as it did last year. The specimens I am sending you have been in the ground about three weeks. The last planting has not yet been attacked but I am fearful that it will be in a short time. I have about 100 acres already planted and about the same acreage to plant. Have stopped planting until you can send a man here to assist me in arranging some solution of this matter to see if the seed can not be treated in some way before planting. Unless some- thing is done right away, the crop will most certainly be a failure.' On the same date a telegram was received from Mr. ¥♦ L. Standi, Sec- retary of the Chamber of Commerce of Beaufort, which read as follows: 'Irish potatoes that have been planted are being attacked by a maggot in Carteret County. Please advise at once what to do or send man to investigate. Only a small part of crop planted. If seed can be treat- ed wire formulae. Prompt action must be taken.'"
J. M. Robinson (March 15). "This insect was reported here about March 5, the maggots being about half grown, and we are attempting to check up on the life history here at Auburn,"
CORN EAR-WORM (Heliothis obsoleta Jab.)
R» K. Van Zwaluwenburg (January 14) . "The tomato fruitworm has not showed up yet in this part of the State of Sinaloa in any numbers. Only a few eggs have been found so far this season. Two years ago this insect practically ruined the crop in the Culiacan district in February, March, and April. I am informed that there are between 7,600 and 7,800 acres of tomatoes planted on this coast between Nayarat and the south Sonora line, equivalent to about 5,500 acres in good condition. The crop began to move about the middle of January and will continue into April if the market holds."
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VARIEOATED CUTWORM (i.ycophotia martTaritosa Haw.)
Mexico R. H. Van Zwaluwenburg (January 14), "The variegated cutworm is ex-
tremely abundant in this section, Las Hochis, Sinaloa, on tomatoes and peppers, causing repeated replanting in many cases. Mr, F. L. Yeav/ says it is especially destructive to peppers, destroying buds and young fruit. It has destroyed approximately 50 per cent of the first cutting of to- matoes. In one instance 60 worms were found at the base of a single plant."
SOUTHERN GREEN PLANT-BUG (Nezara viridula L.)
W. E. Kinds (December 24, 1921). "These insects have increased in num- bers gradually since the very great reduction, which occurred during the first week of February, 1918, when the temperature dropped to about 10 degrees above zero in the southeastern part of Alabama. On account of that cold weather following a very warm January, these bugs were so greatly reduced that they were hardly noticeable in 1918. During the past fall, however, they have become so abundant as to cause complaint. If the present winter continues to be mild we must lock forward to seri- ous damage from this pest in southern Alabama during this season."
FLORIDA FLOUER THRIPS (Frankliniella bispinosus project us Watson)
Jeff Chaffin (March 18), "Mr. Briggs reports that this thrips is doing some damage to tomatoes in the Brad en town section in Manatee County."
CABBAGE
CABBAGE APHIS (Brevicorvne brassicae L.)
M. C, Tanquary (January 30). "A report, dated January 13, of the appear- ance of lice on cabbage at San Benito, Tex., has been received. There were not many lice at that time but they were beginning to appear in a cabbage patch of 100 acres."
STRAWBERRY
STRAY/BERRY FLEA-BEETLE (Haltica ignite; Illig.)
jFlcrida J» Chaffin (March §). "Several reports have been received during the past ten days of this insect doing serious damage to the strawberry plantings in Polk and Hillsboro Counties."
COTTON RED SPIDER (Tetranychus telarius L.)
jouisiana T. Rv Jones (March 15). "Judging from reports, red spiders have caused considerable injury to strawberries in Louisiana this spring. We re- ceived letters from Springfield, La., diced February 27, and Panchatula, dated March 6, complaining of damage, and I have received verbal reports to the effect that they have been and are doing damage in fields in the parish of Tangipahoa, the important strawberry-growing section of the State."
Texas
LIBRARY
srxrew-AKT BOARD
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B E A N
MEXICAN BEAN BEETLE (Epilachna corrupta Muls . )
Alabama W. E. Hinds (March 16). "The Mexican bean beetle appears to be active already to some extent. In fact, it has been active during every month since first discovered in Alabama in 1920, There has been no complete dormancy even in midwinter. A very heavy attack of this insect also seems to be in progress. Bean raisers in the territory where the beetle did extensive damage in 1921 are, apparently, reducing their planting to between 10 and 20 per cent of what they had planted previously. The damage to the 1921 crop of snap beans, shell beans, and lima beans in the most heavily infested area was approximately 80 per cent of a normal crop."
flew Mexico R. L. Middlebrook (March 22). "The Mexican bean beetle appeared in the Mesilla Valley on March 16."
PEAS
PEA APHIS (Illinoia pisi Kalt.)
lOuisiana T. H. Jones (March l) . "Mr. 0. G. Price, County Agent of Saint Tammany Parish, complains of damage to peas by aphids in his Parish. No speci- mens accompanied the complaint."
WATERMELON
COTTON APHIS (Aphis gossvpii Glov.)
Lorida J. R. Watson (March 18). "These insects are just making their appearance in the Ft. Myers district of Lee County."
CUC U M B E R
STRIPED CUCUMBER BEETLE (Diabrotica v it tat a Fab.)
/Mexico R. L. Middlebrook (March 15). "The striped cucumber beetle put in its first appearance here today."
CELERY
COTTON RED SPIDER (Tetranvchus telarius L.)
orida J. R, Watson (March 20). "This insect is doing serious damage to sever-
al celery plantings in the vicinity of S.mdford in Seminole County."
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5UGAR BEET
BEET ROOT-APHIS (Pemphigus balsamifene Williams)
Nebraska M. H. Swenk (November 13, 1921). "Up to the time of heavy frosts the sugar-beet louse was doing considerable damage to the sugar beets in Scottsbluff County."
LETTUCE
MYRIAPODS (Geophilidae)
Alabama W, E, Hinds (March 18). "Centipeo.es attacking roots of lettuce were re-
ceived from Celina ."
LETTUCE L1TAFH0PPER (Species ncc known)
Jew Mexico R. L. Middlebrock (March 2), "The lettuce leafhopper appeared here for the first time this season ooday."
PEPPERS
GREEN PEACH APHIS (Myzus persicae Sulz.)
'lorida J. R. Watson (March 20). "This insect was noticed doing considerable
damage in several commercial plantings of peppers in the Ft. Myers dis- trict in Lee County."
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SOUTHERN FIFLD CROP INSECT?
COTTON
BOLL T7EEVIL (Anthor.cmus grand is Boh*)
Alabama W. E. Hinds (March 15)* "The winter of 1921-22 has been exceedingly short and favorable for a very high percentage of boll weevil sur- vival in hibernation. Killing frosts occurred unusually late in the fall of 1521 and in many localities cotton was green and weevils were breeding therein until the end of December. This shortened the usual hibernating period by nearly two months. Recent examina- tions indicate that the percentage of living weevils in the field at this time runs exceptionally high, 15 percent being found in seme cases. This is about five times the normal average survival and indicates that we shall have a very early emergence from hibernation, and exceptionally heavy attack upon the young cotton plants. If normal rainfall occurs through June and July we antici- pate exceptional weevil damage to the 1922 cotton crop.."
SUGAR CANE
CANE LACEV7ING (Leptodictya tabida H.Schaef,)
Mexico R, H. Van Zwaluwenburg (January 14). "The cane lacewing insect
has been very abundant since October on corn and on old sugar-cane plants. It is also abundant just now en the common ba.Mbcc."
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FOREST AND SHADE-TREE INSECTS
GENERAL FEEDERS
OYSTER-SHELL SCALE (Lepidosaphes ulmi L.)
Nebraska M. H. Swenk (March 15). "The leafless condition of the trees has caused inquiries regarding the scale-insect infestations which are now exposed and comparatively conspicuous. Such inquiries are related chiefly to the oyster-shell scale."
TUSSOCK MOTH (Hemerocampa leucostigma S. & A.)
Illinois C. C. Compton (March, 1522). "From the number of egg masses it is evident that the tussock moth will be numerous this year in Humboldt Park and also Oak Park, Chicago. The temperature has been above the normal, and but few egg masses show parasitism."
BORERS
Nebraska M. H. Swenk (March 15). "Reports indicate that the various shade- tree borers are resuming activity. Reports of this sort have been received since March 9."
MAPLE
, MAPLE S ESI AN (Sesia acerni Clem.)
Ohio H. A. Gossard (March IS). "Maple sesian was received from Hicksville
in Defiance County."
FLAT-HEADED APPLE-TREE BORER (C.irvscbothris femorata Oliv.)
Illinois M. D. Leonard (November 26, 1921). "I have just received specimens of the flat-headed apple-tree borer from Danville. The nurseryman who sent them in stated that they were very injurious to newly planted hard and Norway maples."
ELM
WOOLLY ELM APHIS (Erioscma americana Riley)
Ohio H. A. Gossard (March 18) . "This insect was received about a half dozen times and about twice as many inquiries evidently referring to this pest came in during the winter."
AMERICAN ELM SCALE (Chionasr.is americana Johns.)
Nebraska M. H. Swenk (March 15). "The leafless condition of the trees has caused inquiries regarding the scale-insect infestations which are now exposed and comparatively conspicuous."
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ASK
OYSTER-SHELL SCALE (Lepidosaphes ulmi L.) ^ New York C. R. Crosby (January 10). "Trees are badly infested in hedge rows at Barton."
BIRCH
BRONZE BIRCH BORER (Atrrilus anxius Gory)
Ohio H. A. Gossard (March 18). "The bronze birch borer was reported from Akron."
HICKORY
HICKORY BARKBEETLE (Scolvtus quadrispinosus Say)
New York E. P. Felt (March 23). "Mr. Henry Bird reports that this insect has practically disappeared from the V/estchester County areas where it was so abundant some years ago."
PINE
PINE LEAF SCALE (Chionaspis pinifoliae Fitch)
New York E. P. Felt (March 23). "Mr. R. E. Horsey reports that the pine leaf scale occurs throughout the Pinetum of the park area of Rochester, though not so evident as last season due to successful spraying in June, 1921."
LARCH
LARCH CASE-BEARER (Coleophora laricella Hubn.)
New York W. T. M. Forbes (November 19, 1921). "The hibernating cases are more scarce about Ithaca as compared with normal yaars."
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GREENHOUSE AND 0 R E i i: E U I A L PLANTS
jBHRgSj^TEHEMntt
CHHYSANTHELIIEI GALL L1IDGE ( Diar thronomyia hypogaea F. Loew)
Massachn- C. H. Crosby (November 8, 19X1). ''Badly infested plants were observed setts at T" inches ter."
Hew York C. R. Crosby (Harch 23). "12?. J. J. de"7yver reports that the chrysanthe- mum midge has become established in some greenhouses at Grrionta."
Elaryland E. II. Cory (November 26, 1921). "Examinations of a large number of green- houses in Baltimore reveals a greater degree of injury than was an' .' . ted, the damage running from 10 to 00 per cent of the flower crop. This injury takes no account whatever of the effect on the stock plants; in- fested greenhouses were observed at College Park, Gcvanstown, Branchville, L!t. Washington, and Baltimore."
CABBAGE LOCPSR (Atttograrha brassicae Riley)
Indiana H. P. Dietz (November 3, 1921). "The cabbage looper did its greatest
damage to chrysanthemum foliage. However, chrysanthemums at this time of the year usually have an abundance of foliage, so they can spare some. On this account the insect's damage was not nearly as great as that of the earworm because the looper s rarely ate the buds. On the other hand, when the caterpillar ate the foliage near the tcp of the plant it ruined the flowers for show nr sale purposes."
COTTON RED SPIDER (Tetranychus telarius L. )
New York C. 3. Crosby (November 12). "Plants badly infested with this insect were observed in greenhouses at Llanhasset."
FERNS
HEMISPHERICAL SCALE (Saissetia hemisphaerica Targ. )
New York C. R. Crosby (November 4, 1921). "Reports if this insect damaging ferns from Pnr^e Bay."
C. R. Crosby (December 6, 1921). "Reports of this insect damaging ferns at Fredonia."
CARNATIONS COTTON CUT./GRi: [Frodenia ornUhogalll Guen. ) Indiana H. F. Dietz (Novembo- 3, 1921). "The yellow striped armyworro did its
-26-
greatest damage to carnations. In nne cr.se the plants were almost mowed down "by it, but taken as a whole this pest was not as abundant in greenhouses as the looper or the corn earworm, and its damage was less than that of either of these pests."
cyclamen
CYCLALEN LUTE (Tarsrnerous -pallidus Banks )
Maryland E. N. Cory (January 18, 1922) . "Mr. C< C. Hamilton reports that 60 per cent of the plants failed to make satisfactory blooms and cruld not be sold from three greenhouses infested in the Baltimore district."
Alabama W. E< Hinds, "Cyclamen mites were received fr~m Springfield."
CYCLAMEN WEEVIL (Brachyrhinus sulcatus Fab. )
Llaryland E. N. Cory (January 17, 1922). "Li*. C. C. Hamilton reports that this insect is present in very small numbers in Baltimore greenhouses, the infestation being less than 1 per cent,"
RHODODENDRON
RHODODENDRON TINGIS (Stephanitis rhododendri Horv. )
New York C. R. Crosby (February 25). "Infested leaves received from Cold Spring Harbor."
ROSE
STRA7BERRY LE4F-BEETLE (Paria canella Fafc . )
ISassachu- C. A. Weigel (March, 1921 ). "This insect has been reported as very setts destructive in a rose hwuse at V/akefield."
Pennsylv C. P. Doucette (March 21, 1922). "Beetles are beginning to show up vania actively, but not as numerously as last year in the Philadelphia district, where they are attacking roses under glass. Scattered beetles were observed feeding and the first egg masses were found on March 20,"
ROSE LEAF TYER (Cacoecia rosaceana Harr. )
Illinois C. C. Compton (March 1922). "This insect has been reported during the winter of 1921-22 as more abundant than usual. From 10 to 20 per cent of the roses are estimated as being damaged by this pest."
-27-
SKA^LR/.GQN
CYCLAMEN MITE (Tarsonemus pallidns Banks)
Pennsyl- C. A. Weigel. "This insect is reported as serious in several greenhouses vania in the Philadelphia district where it is attacking snapdragon."
SUNFLOWER
SUNFLOWER PEaCOCK FLY (Strauss la lcmgj.per.ni. 3 Wied . )
Montana A. L. Strand. "This insect was reported in Volume 1, No. 7, page 269, under date of September 6, 1921, as infesting the stems of cultivated sunflowers, At that time the species had not been identified, Exami- nations of several hundred plants showed that 80 per cent were infested."
POINSETT IA
TERMITES (Rftticulitermes flavj.-pes Kol. )
New York C. R. Crosby (November 2, 1921). "This insect has been found doing considerable damage in Brooklyn greenhouses."
EUONYMUS
EU0NYMU3 SCALE (Chionaspis euonymi C^mst. )
North M. D. Leonard (March 10). "On February 20 I received a cutting from
Carolina a euonymus bush which was badly infested with this scale. This was from Greensboro."
ORNAMENTAL ASPARAGUS
HYACINTH MITE (Rhiz^glyphus hyacinthi Boisd. )
Pennsyl C. F< Loucette (March 10). "Asparagus -olumosus in a greenhouse at Mal- vania vern was completely infested by this mite which occasioned a loss rf 66 per cent of the crop,"
SMI LAX
HYACINTH MITE (Rhizoglyphus hyacinthi 3oisd. )
Pennsyl- C. F. Doucette (March 10). "In the Malvern district three crops of vania smilax are harvested each season; the November crop was entirely de- stroyed by this mite this season and the February crop was only 75 per cent normal."
CAMELLIA
TEA SCALE (Fiorinia theae Green)
Louisiana T. He Jones (March 15). "There has been considerable complaint of injury
-28-
to camellias "by the scale insect this past winter and this spring. Letters regarding injury were received from Opelousas December 21 .and January 4, LeCompte January 24, and T7ilson February 21. Thsre have been several complaints from Baton Bouge and vicinity. The tea scale appears to be the most common species present, though LftpiaosRphes newsteadi Sulc, Pari at or ia proteus Curtis, and Pseudaonidia paeonia Ckll, also attacked this ornamental shrub."
- 29 -
INSECTS A F F E C T I N G MAN AND DOMESTIC
ANIMAL S.
MAN
MOSQUITOES (Culicidae)
New York E. F. Felt (March 23). "Mosquitoes became somewhat .active at Bainbridge about March 18."
DOMESTIC ANIMALS
OX WARBLE (Hypoderma lineatum DeV.)
Test
Virginia L* M. Peairs (March 17). "Rather severe infestation of cattle by
this insect was observed at Morgantown, 10 to 15 of the parasites
being found in each animal."
BITING CATTLE LOUSE (Trichodectes scalaris Nitzsch)
Ohio H» A. Gossard (March 18). "This insect was received from Cuyahoga
Falls during February where it Y/as infesting live stock."
HOUSEHOLD INSECTS
TERI 1ITE ( Reticulitermes tikis^: 5_Bank s )
Nebraska M» H, Swenk (November 13, H2l). "A case of the virtual destruction of a building at Holdrege , Phelps County, by our small native termite came to our attention during late October-."
SILVERFISH (Lepisma saccharina L. )
New York C. R* Crosby (January 2 5). "Reports of the serious infestation rf offices by this insect were received from New York City*"
New York
Nebraska
Ohio
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STORED PRODUCT INSECTS
GRAIN
GRANARY WEEVIL (Calendra granaria L.)
H. Sm Doane (November l,192l). "This insect is causing much injury to stored wheat at Romulus and Seneca Falls, in Soneca County,"
Um H* Swenk (November 18,1921). "In northern Nebraska , especially Cedar County, heavy injuries to stored oats by the granary weevil were evident."
RICE WEEVIL (Calendra oryza L.)
H. A. Gossard (March 18). "The rice weevil was reported as destructive from Medina*"
South Carolina
Iowa Nebraska South
Dakota
Nebraska
A, 8* Conradi (November 1,1921). "Reports from the county agents indicate that this insect is very seriously injurious to stored corn in Laurens, Lexington, Lancaster, Clarendon, Saluda, Marion, Fairfield, and Chester Counties, the damage appearing even more serious than usual."
SAW- TOOTHED GRAIN BEETLE (Oryzaephilus (SilvanutOsurinamcnsis L.)
Cm N. Ainslie (November 3,1921). "Elavator men and grain buyers in northwestern Iowa, eastern Nebraska, and eastern South Dakota are complaining of serious damage from 'bran buggfe ' and grain weevils in stored grain. I understand that oats have suffered the most, the kernel being eaten out leaving the hulls empty. It is supposed that the unusually mild winter of 1920-21 is responsible for the multiplying of these posts. Investigation of these reports indicates that most of the injury is being done by the saw-toothed grain beetle, which appears to have multiplied throughout the Northwest, This species has also been very annoying by its inroads on household food supplies. Calendra granaria and C_, oryza are present in limited numbers while Psocids are especially numerous in the oats. While the injury caused by these pests is rather small, terminal elevator men are docking the farmers from 3 cents to 13 cents a bushel which is probably out of proportion to the real inijury."
M» H. Swenk (November 18,1921). "In northwestern Nebraska, ospecially in Cedar County, heavy injury to 6tored oats by the saw-toothed grain beetle was evident."
-Si- Nebraska (March 15). "Since March 5 reports of stored grain pests in
wheat and ofaer grains in the farmer's bins h o/e again started
to cone in, indicating a resumption of activity by these insects."
Ohio H. A- Gossard (March 16). "The saw-toothed grain beetle was
received from Akron and Curtice."
INDIAN MEAL MOTH (Plodia interpunctella Kubn.)
Ohio H, A. Gossard (March 18). "This insect was sent in, as doing damage,
from Springfield."
Nebraska M« H. Swenk (March 16). "Stored grain in bins was, in some instances, found infected with the Indian meal moth."
MEAL SNOUT-MOTH (Pvralis $J£*£l£Js2. L*)
Hew York jS. R. Crosby (November 30,1921). "This insect was reported
" as destroying bulbs in storage on Staten Island, the bulbs being tulip and hyacinth*"
EUROPEAN GRAIN MOTH (Tinea granejlla L')
Connecti- M. P. Zappe (March 24). "Many larvae, pupae, and adults present cut in a large seed warehouse at Milford. Most of the injury is on
corn stored in the warehouse since 1920*"
FOREIGN GRAIN BEETLE (Cjthartus. advena YTaltl.)
Nebraska M. H« Swenk (November 18,1921)* "In northeastern Nebraska, es- pecially in Cedar County, injury to stored grain was noted hy the foreign grain beetle**1
YELLCY/ MEALWORM (Tenebrio mclitor L.)
New York C. R„ Crosby (November 30,1921). "This beetle was found among tulip and hyacinth bul^s on Staten Island-"
©hia H. A. Gossard (March 18)* "This insect was sent in from Akron."
CADELLE (T^ehjppJLdes. maj^itanicus. L.) Nebraska M. H, Swenk (November 18,19 21). "The injury to stored wheat xn bins' of farmers in eastern Nebraska by the cadelle insect, the extent of which I described last month as almost unprecedented in this State, continued with but gradual abatement until early in November , since which time reports of injuries have been much fewer.
CONFUSED FLOUR BEETLE (Tribolium confusum Duv.) Ohio H. A, Gcssard (March 18). "Confused flour beetle was sent in
from New Phil rielphia.';
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TOBACCO PRODUCTS
CIGARETTE EEETLE (Lasioderma serriccrne Fab.)
New York C. R. Crosby (December 20,1921), ^'Received cigars
completely destroyed by this insect from New York City."
BEANS
BEAN VEEVIL Q.'vlabris rbtectus Pay.)
New York C, R. Crosby. "During the months of November, December,
and. January numerous reports were received frcm all parts of the State of serious injury to beans by this insect. Specimens were sent in from Delmar, Depew, Corenhaga)?, Hammond sport, Schenectady, Elnira, Lake George, Cincinnatus, North Franklin, Ossining, Adams, Seneca, and 17a+erloc. At last place afrcut 2© per cent of a stock of 5€ bushels of beans were destroyed-"
Ohio H, A. Gossard (March IS). "Bean weevil was received frcm
six or eight different points in the State."
nSSaT
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II