THE INSECT PEST SURVEY BULLETIN
Volume 16
June 1, 1936
Number 4
BUREAU OF ENTOMOLOGY AND PLANT QUARANTINE
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
AND THE STATE ENTOMOLOGICAL AGENCIES COOPERATING
LIBRARY STATE PLANT BOARD
INSECT PEST SURVEY BULLETIN
Vol. Id June 1, 1936 No. U
TEE MORE IMPORTANT ENTOMOLOGICAL RECORDS EOR MAY 1936
The periodical cicada "began emerging shortly after the middle of May, with the peak of emergence in the Middle Atlantic States occurring during the last week of May. Reports indicate that this "brood will reappear throughout the greater part of the territory infested.
Grasshoppers were reported as "being extremely abundant in western, southwestern, and southern Iowa, and in parts of North Dakota, Nebraska, Oklahoma, Colorado, Utah, Wyoming, and California. Reports received too late to ,"be included in the "body of the "bulletin indicate that young grass- hoppers are more abundant in the vicinity of Manhattan, Kans., and in central Illinois than they have "been for several years.
The Mormon cricket was appearing in outbreak numbers in several counties in Utah, eastern Nevada, Oregon, Montana, and Idaho.
Unusual numbers of cutworms were reported over a great part of the country, from Virginia and Georgia westward through the East Central States to Utah. In Utah, the pale western cutworm had occasioned a loss of over 7,500 acres of wheat. An unusual situation developed in Mississippi, where the variegated cutworm from ditch "banks and adjoining alfalfa fields migrated into cotton, seriously damaging the stand. This species is also occurring in abundance in western Kansas.
Cool weather protracted the period of wireworm injury in Washington, where considerable damage was done to truck crops.
Heavy losses to evergreen seed beds occasioned by white grubs were reported from Wisconsin.
The common rod spider emerged earlier than usual in the apple-growing sections of Washington, becoming so abundant as to require treatment.
Chinch bug infestation in the East Central States is very spotted. In some localities populations are heavy enough to produce considerable damage.
The spring brood of hessian fly was quite numerous in Indiana and Illinois. Considerable damage is reported from the western and southwestern parts of the latter State.
-95-
-96-
An unusually heavy infestation of corn ear worm in tomatoes was re- ported from Mississippi. Damage to corn silk was reported from California.
Sod webworms were very abundant in parts of Iowa and Missouri. Many cornfields were so badly infested as to require replanting.
Rather serious outbreaks of the sugarcane beetle were reported from limited areas in Tennessee and Mississippi.
Codling moth emergence reached its peak in Virginia, southern Illinois, and Indiana by May 10. In Do lav/are, Pennsylvania, northern Indiana, and northern Illinois the peak of emergence was reached about the middle of the month. In Ohio and Missouri the peak was apparently somewhat later. In the Pacific Northwest emergence began on May h and was heavy during the period May 10-13.
Eastern tent caterpillar was reported quite generally from the southern New England and Middle Atlantic States westward to Tennessee.
Various .fruit aphids were generally prevalent in the New England and Middle Atlantic States.
The peak of first-brood plum curculio larvae emerging from peach drops occurred in Georgia on May U, 6 days later than last year. In the Fort Valley section the infestation was moderate. In Indiana, Illinois, and Missouri infestations were heavier than last year. The insect was also reported from Tennessee, Mississippi, and Minnesota.
Rather severe damage to pecans by the nut case bearer was reported from Mississippi and Louisiana.
The six-spotted mite has been more injurious to grapefruit in Florida than for many years. In some groves 50 percent of the leaves dropped.
Flea beetle injury to truck gardens was quite generally reported from the Middle Atlantic, East Central, and Mississippi Valley States. Severe injury by flea beetles was also reported from San Francisco Bay region of California.
The spotted cucumber beetle was observed attacking a variety of truck crops in the South Atlantic and lower Mississippi Valley States. Fields of watermelons and corn were being completely destroyed in parts of Mississippi and Texas.
Mexican bean beetles appear to be quite scarce from Virginia northward, possibly owing to the severe winter experienced in this part of the country. Beetles were starting to emerge in Georgia during the first week in the month but were still quite scarce in that State up to the third week.
The beet leafhopper was reported as having passed the winter successfully at Billings, Mont.
-97-
Boll weevil populations were generally reported as light throughout the Cotton Belt, with the exception of Texas, in which State there were more "boll weevils than at this time of year during the past 3 years.
The first specimens of the cotton leaf worm were seen on May 5 near Port Tobacco, Tex.
Canker worms attacking "both forest and shade trees, and' occasionally apples, . were very abundant throughout the New England, Middle Atlantic, and eastern part of the East Central States.
Eorest tent caterpillars were generally abundant throughout Hew England southward to New Jersey. Heavy infestation is also reported from Minnesota and another from Mississippi and Louisiana. Considerable feeding by tent caterpillars is also reported from Utah and Washington.
Three cases of Rocky Mountain spotted fever have been reported from Maryland, in the vicinity of the District of Columbia.
During the month large numbers of infestations of household properties by termites were reported from the Hew England, Middle Atlantic, and East Central States westward to Hebraska and Oklahoma.
We 'wish to take this opportunity to thank the collaborators for collecting June beetles for P. Luginbill. Further collections will be appreciated and if collections could be made weekly they would be more valuable. — J. A. Hyslop.
-98-
GENERAL FEEDERS
GPASSHOPPERS (Acrididae)
Wisconsin. E. L. Cham"bers (May 20): Melanoplus mexicanus Sauss. was
observed hatching in quite large numbers in spots located in light sand areas of northern Wisconsin, where there has "been little or no rain this spring.
Iowa. C. J. Drake (May 20): Grasshoppers are extremely abundant in western, southwestern, and southern Iowa. They are probably more abundant than they have been at any time during the past 20 years. The heaviest in- festation is along the Missouri River and in the southwestern corner of the State. On Muscatine Island, in the Mississippi River, the hoppers have completely wiped out a number of truck patches. Fairly heavy infes- tations have been reported at Ottumwa and Waterloo.
Missouri. L. Haseman (May 23): Grasshopper young appearing in swarms on dry ground. Apparently most of them are the common Carolina locust (Schistocerca americana Drury) , although we have not closely checked nymphs for specific determination.
North Dakota. F. G. Butcher (May IS): Recent field observations indicate that grasshopper infestations correspond closely to earlier forecasts. Some eggs are reported hatching in the southern counties. Predators have been responsible for the destruction of a small percentage of eggs, but otherwise practically all of the eggs are viable.
Nebraska. 0. S. Bare (May 19): Hatching of eggs is proceeding at a rapid rate and the young hoppers are appearing in great numbers along road- sides, pasture edges, ditch, cut banks, and sod fence rows.
M. H. Swenk (May 20): On April 23 an inquiry was received from Webster County regarding the control of grasshoppers.
Oklahoma. C. F. Stiles and F. A. Fenton (May 25): Grasshoppers have been reported as very numerous in pastures in northern Oklahoma. They are moving to alfalfa and row crops. (May 26): We visited Osage County and found four species of grasshoppers very numerous. Alfalfa is being severely damaged. M. femur-rubrum DeG. is the predominant species and M. diff orentialis Thos. is quite abundant.
Colorado. G. M. List (May 22): Eggs have hatched well, and if the weather
is favorable the infestation will be rather heavy for the egg population observed last fall* Poisoning is now under way in several counties.
Utah. C. J. Sorenson (May 20): Grasshoppers have been hatching during the past 2 weeks at Kanosh and are very abundant.
G. F. Knowlton (May 11): Grasshopper nymphs are causing moderate damage to dewberries at Orem, in Utah County, and to wheat near Lehi. Second- and third-instar nymphs are moderately abundant on the
-99-
foothills 6 miles west of Lehi. They are less abundant in most agri- cultural sections of northern Utah County. (May 19): Grasshopper nymphs are abundant in parts of the Leh:.~Cedar Valley area and some injury to wheat and garden crops has been observed. Injury to dewberry foliage was observed at Granite and Pleasant Grove.
California. S. Lockwood (May 23): Undetermined species of grasshoppers are
now causing damage in Butte, Sacramento, San Joaquin, and Solano Counties.
MORMON CRICKET (Anabrus simplex Hald. )
Utah. C. J. Sorenson (May 20): Mormon cricket outbreaks of third to sixth instars, have "been noted as follows: Oak Creek mountains and range, east of Oak City, north of Holden, west of Scipio, aiso in a few fields near Oak City, Millard County; foothills, canyon, and nearby dry- farm fields southeast of Nephi, Juab County; foothills and adjoining dry-farm alfalfa and wheat fields northwest of Fountain Green, Sanpete County; Settlement Canyon and nearby fields southeast of Tooele, Tooele County.
CUTWORMS (Noctuidae)
Virginia. W. S. Hough (May 19): Climbing cutworms are very abundant in a number of orchards and have caused much damage to young apple trees by completely defoliating them. On bearing trees defoliation has not been complete but considerable damage has resulted from the outbreak. In several orchards cotton bands have been used successfully to keep the larvae from climbing the trees and in some instances poisoned-bran mash has been used in addition to banding the trees.
Georgia. 0. I. Snapp (April 29): Cutworms are more abundant than usual at Port Valley, especially in vegetable and flower gardens. They have cut down many little peach trees in our nursery. Precipitation during the spring has been considerably heavier than usual.
Ohio. T. H. Parks (May 25): Some cutworm injury is reported to corn in
central Ohio though the damage is not severe. Late plowing of corn land prevented the farmers from fighting this pest in the usual way and enabled more of the worms to survive.
Indiana. J. J. Davis (May 23): Cutworms (Euxoa sp. ) were reported on May 15 to be attacking apple at Bristol to the extent of at least $1,000 damage. The bronzed cutworm (Nephe lodes emmedonia Cram.) was reported from Aurora on May 19 as damaging bluegrass but not attacking any adjoining crops.
Michigan. R. Hutson (May 9): Cutworms have been reported as being particulars- numerous at Big Rapids, South Haven, and Sodus. Adults of Agrotis c-nigruir L. have been very numerous at windows here in East Lansing. (May 20): Climbing cutworms are extremely abundant throughout the fruit district. Reports of extensive damage have been received from Hartford, Albion, Stockbridge, Charlotte, Grand Rapids, South Haven, Northville, St. Joseph, and Paw Paw. Additional infestations have been found at Hastings, Odessa, Mentha, Petoskey, and Lake City.
-100-
Wisconsin. E. L. Chambers (May 20): Cutworms are being reported quite
generally throughout the northern part of the State as injuring garden crops.
Minnesota. A. G. Ruggles (May 22): Cutworms are moderately abundant.
Iowa. C. J. Drake (May 20): Cutworms have been doing a considerable amount of damage in garden truck areas near Des Moines.
Missouri. L. Haseman (May 23): Cutworms have been abundant during the month but seom less developed than usual for the season and few formers have complained of them. They have injured corn and cotton next to fields of alfalfa recently cut in southeastern Missouri.
Nebraska. M. H. Swenk (May 20): From Garfield and Frontier Counties came inquiries on May 2 and \H, respectively, as to the control of cutworms in gardens .
0. S. 3are (May 19): Very little trouble has been reported from cutworms, but moths of the variegated cutworm (lycophotia margaritosa saucia Hbn. ) have been very plentiful. :
Kansas. H. R. Bryson (May 1*0: The pale western cutworm (Porosagrotis
orthogonia Morr.) is very abundant in many fields in Rawlins County as reported by E. G. Kelly, D. A. Wilbur, and H. H. Walkden. Twenty thousand acres badly injured in Rawlins County. Near Atwood several fields showed that 75 percent of the plants were destroyed. As many as 20 to 50 larvae per square yard were found. The county agent of Meade County reported local infestations in that county. It was also reported from Ellis, Cheyenne, Rush, Barton, and Logan Counties. Chorizagrotis auxiliaris Grote is plentiful in gardens in Rawlins County. Further reports of damage were received from Lincoln, Cheyenne, Riley, and Kearny Counties.
Mississippi. C. Lyle (May 23): The variegati|d. cutworm (L. margaritosa
saucia) has been unusually destructive in the Yazoo-Mississippi Delta for several weeks, especially in fields where winter cover crops were plowed under. This is undoubtedly the worst outbreak in several years. Cotton has suffered the heaviest damage, but fields of alfalfa have also been injured. Many complaints have been received from various sections of the Delta. On May 9 Agrotis ypsilon Rott. was found associ- ated with the variegated cutworm on alfalfa and cotton at Greenwood, but in much fewer numbers.
Texas. K. P. Ewing & R. L. McGarr (May 1): Very little damage to cotton
this year by cutworms in the vicinity of Port Lavaca has been reported, in contrast to widespread damage last year.
Utah. G. F. Knowlton (May 19): Cutworms have caused moderate injury to newly set tomato plants in various parts of northern Utah.
•101-
C. J. Sorenson (May 20): The pale western cutworm (Porosagrotis orthogonia Morr.) is abundant in Cedar Valley and vicinity in Utah County. Loss is estimated at 7,500 acres of fall-planted dry- farm wheat. The pest is also found in a few fields of irrigated wheat on Maple ton Bench and near Lehi, Utah County, and at Bluff dale, Salt Lake County. On Levan Ridge, Juab County, approximately 500 acres of fall-planted dry-farm wheat had "been destroyed "by May 15*
ARMYWORM (Cirphis unipuncta Haw.)
Virginia. H. G. Walker (May 25): Near Norfolk armyworms are very abundant in some small grain and alfalfa fields where they are migrating to other fields, "being especially injurious to young corn.
Illinois. W. P. Flint (May 18): Light trap records at Urbana show a con- siderable flight of armyworms starting about the 19th of April and continuing in greater or lesser numbers, according to the temperature' Moths were flying in large numbers on the nights of May 8 to 12, inclusive.
SEED CORN MAGGOT (Hylemyia cilicrura Rond.)
New York. L. E. Curtis (May 18): Seed corn maggot injury was observed on young onions grown from seed on muck near Savannah in Wayne County. The larvae were found working in the young developing bulb of the onion.-
Iowa. C. J. Drake (May 20): The seed corn maggot is doing considerable
damage here and there in the southern half of the State. Heavy infes- tations have been reported near Leon.
Missouri. L. Haseman (May 23): Seed corn maggots are doing their usual damage in wet, cold soil in northern Missouri.
WIREWORMS (Elateridae)
South Carolina. F. E. Bondy and C. F. Rainwater (May 2): A few wireworm larvae have been found feeding on cotton roots at Florence. Numerous adults were on a tanglefoot screen 2 days after it was put up in the center of a cotton field that was planted to corn last year.
Georgia. T. L. Bissell (May 21): Wireworms are rather abundant, attacking small corn and cotton at Ercperiment. Injury to the latter seems unimportant. A pupa, species unknown, was observed in soil yesterday.
Mississippi. D. W. Grimes (May 22): Wireworms are causing damage to corn and popcorn at Durant.
Missouri. L. Haseman (May 23): Only the usual number of complaints of wire- worms .
Utah. G. F. Knowlton (May 19): Wireworms were moderately abundant in several wheat fields examined in the area northwest of Lehi.
-102-
Washington. H. P. Lanchcster (May): Injury "by Limonius canus Lcc. and L.
: • -calif ornicus Mann, to lettuce and spring-planted and transplanted onions .v. has been general at Walla Walla. The continuance of cool 'nights has ex- . tended the period of intensive injury until some fields of these crops "have "been entirely destroyed, while most fields show considerable damage. The plantings of cabbage and corn are not so extensive, nevertheless the injury has "been very serious. Some damage has also been noted in newly planted asparagus fields. The various species appeared more nearly at the same time than in the past several years- and the period of their flight has been short, being practically over for this season.
K. E. Gibson (May): Plantings of sugar beets at Prosser were destroyed by wireworm (L. canus and L. calif ornicus) feeding, while spring-planted wheat was severely damaged.
California. R. E. Campbell (May 1): Populations of L. californicus in many Orange County fields are much increased over last year, ranging in numerous counts from 3 to 75 Per 10 feet of bait row (rows 2-| feet apart), and averaging 23. Last year's average at this time was 9- This increase was anticipated, owing to the large adult population last spring.
WHITE GRUBS (Phyllophaga spp.)
Vermont. H. L. Bailey (May 25): May beetles have been scarce up to this date, but are more plentiful than last year. The first specimen was noted on Mjay;5.- â–
Delaware. D. MacCreary (May 17): The first large flight was observed on this date at Newark.
Maryland. E. P. Pelt (May 23): June beetles, probably P. fusca Proel. ,
arc reported as very abundant and injurious on large oaks at Monkton.
Georgia. T. L. Bissell (May 5): May beetles are unusually -abundant at Griffin, feeding on loaves of oak, particularly red oak.
Kentucky. W. A. Price -(May 26): May beetles have been very abundant in the bluegrass district of Kentucky. Many pin oaks and bur oaks have been defoliated. Elm, walnut, hackborry, and willow have also been attacked. Common species are P. hirticula Knoch, P. futilis Lee, P. tristis Fab., P. inycrsa Horn, P. fusca Proel., P. bipartita Horn, and P.. horni Smith.
Wisconsin. E. L. Chambers (May 20): Heavy flights have been observed in
Dane, Sauk, Portage, La Crosse, and Monroe Counties. All stages of white grubs are abundant in some of the northern nurseries in' spots, and where no treatment was followed heavy losses have resulted to evergreen seed beds.
C. L. Pluke (May 20): A heavy flight of P. tristis. Fab. began about the first week in May throughout southern and western counties, especially Jefferson, Lafayette, Iowa, Dane, Trempealeau, and Pepin.
-103-*'
Minnesota. A. G. Ruggles (May): W. G. Werner reports white grubs as very abundant in a lawn infestation at Kasson, in Dodge County.
Mississippi. C. Lyle and assistants (May 23): Injury to the foliage and
"buds of pecan trees has been observed in several sections of the State, especially near Grenada, Jackson, and Brookhaven.
Louisiana. W. C. Pierce (May 15): It has "been difficult to collect specimens of Phvllophaga feeding on new growth of pecan trees in the vicinity of Shreveport since the first adult appearance on the night of March 2h. Heavy infestations of the "beetles are known to occur around the towns of De Ridder, Elizabeth, and Trout. In the De Ridder vicinity damage to pecans is confusing, owing to the combined attack of May "beetles, the leaf case bearer (Acrobasis .yog land is LeB.), and a lepidopterous larva of undetermined species. Most damage occurred to yard trees and outside rows of commercial plantings. Very few pecan trees were noticed around Trout, and these showed practically no injury. The beetles seem to prefer feeding on sweet gun and oak trees, which were almost defoliated. Conditions are about the same around all of these points of outbreak. The towns are located in cut-over pine land sections, with very little of tho land in cultivation. The outbreak at Trout is widely separated from those at Elizabeth and De Ridder.
JAPANESE BEETLE (Popillia japonica Newn. )
United States. C. H. Hadley (April): In the monthly report for March 1936 a preliminary statement was made on larval mortality due to the cold weather in January and February. Additional surveys to determine the kill were made during the first 10 days of April. Findings in these bear out the previous statement that mortalities have "been high in some areas in New Jersey, south of the latitude of Trenton, in the southeastern corner of Pennsylvania, in northern Delaware, and in northeastern Mary- land. In much of this area mortalities above 50 percent are indicated. In areas where there was a heavy snow cover on the ground, as was the case in the northern half of Hew Jersey and in Pennsylvania, north and west of Philadelphia, mortalities are small, usually less than 5 percent.
ASIATIC GARDEN BEETLE (Autoserica castanea Arrow)
Pennsylvania and New Jersey. L. 3. Parker (April): Numerous and well-distri- buted diggings in areas previously heavily infested with these grubs indicate that the larval population is noticeably decreased this year. This fluctuation has been observed before as a local condition, but it seems to be prevalent throughout the Philadelphia area. Less extensive diggings point to a similar condition in Union County in northern New Jersey.
ASIATIC BEETLE (Anomala orientalis V/aterh.)
Connecticut. W. E. Britton (May 22): Larvae have been identified from many lawns in New Haven and West Haven, thus considerably extending the areas infested by this insect.
-10U-
ROSE CHAFER (Macrodactylus subspinosus Fab.)
New York. C. H. Hadley (May l): Our attention was recently called to
severe injury to several estates in the vicinity of Southampton, Long Island. The situation was investigated "by Dr. J. L. King, of this station. Considerable injury to the turf was evident and â– examination showed that the injury was caused "by larvae of the common rose chafer. Larval populations running in places as high as from 6 to 12 grubs per square foot were found.
Tennessee. G. M. Bentley (May 12): A very heavy infestation of the rose
chafer occurred in an orchard at Fayetteville. There was a heavy infes- tation in the orchard last year. We have never had such a heavy outbreak of this insect before.
COMMON RED SPIDER (Tetranychus telarius L.)
Kentucky. W. A. Price (May 26): Red spider is very common in the bluegrass area.
Mississippi. C. Lyle (May 23): Red spiders are fairly abundant on arborvitae in southwestern Mississippi, according to Inspector N. D. Peets of Brook- haven. At this time they are also heavily infesting violets and juni- pers at State College, while correspondents report them on oak trees at New Albany, on Cedrus deodar a at Ackerman, and on spinach at Lexington.
Arizona. C. D. Lebert (May 15) : Considerable injury this season to arborvitae, Italian cypress, and other evergreens in the Phoenix area. Several arbor- vitae and Italian cypresses have been killed and many severely injured.
Utah. G. F. Knowlton (May 6): Reports have been received that red spiders
are beginning to injure raspberry foliage in parts of Utah and Box Elder Counties.
Washington. E. J. Newcomer (May 19): This red spider emerged rather early on account of a period of unusually warn weather from April 12 to 22, and it has been very abundant in apple trees.
CEREAL AND FORAGE-CROP INSECTS
WHEAT
CHINCH BUG (Blissus leucopterus Say)
Indiana. C. M. Packard (May 19): Chinch bugs were scarce (from none to 2 per foot of drill row) in g out of 10 fields of young wheat and rye examined today in Tippecanoe County. In the other 2 fields spots near favorable hibernation quarters contained from 6 to 20 adult bugs per foot of drill row. A few eggs arc now present but apparently none have hatched. No old bugs could be found in their hibernation quarters.
Illinois. W. P. Flint (May 18): A check-up on chinch bug conditions made
-105-
during the last 2 weeks shows a very spotted infestation over the southwestern, central, and northwestern parts of the State. Adult hugs were still flying in numbers during the week of May 10. Mating was general in the fields "but no eggs had "been found. A UoO-mile check on wheat fields in the central part of the State, made on May lH-15, showed that approximately 25 percent of the wheat fields had sufficient hugs to cause moderate to heavy damage to adjoining corn, should the next 6 weeks he dry.
C. Benton (May 11-18): In the vicinity of Sterling gradual migration of the overwintered chinch "bugs occurred during favorable periods throughout the week. 3arley showed rather light hut general infestations. Counts in several wheat, rye, and "barley fields showed an average of one "bug per foot of drill row. The heaviest infestation encountered was in a pastured rye field in which the counts averaged 6 hugs per foot of drill row. Mating is in progress, hut no eggs or young have "been found to date.
Iowa. C. J. Drake (May 20): The chinch hug situation is more encouraging than it has "been for 3 years. 7/inter mortality ranged from U-_5 to 85 percent in some of the most heavily infested counties. The cool weather and late spring have greatly delayed spring migration to small-grain fields, and this has given the small grain a good start, so that it will he ahle to withstand a light to moderately heavy infestation. Surveys indicate that chinch hugs are most abundant in the southwestern and south- central counties and it is possible that moderate damage may occur here and there in these areas. In the extreme eastern and southeastern parts of the State winter mortality was so high that severe damage seems im- probable; however, a number of scattered fields in this area contain a moderate number of bugs and there may be light commercial damage in some fields.
Missouri. L. Haseman (May 23): Chinch bugs are most abundant in a strip
three or four counties wide extending across the State in a northeasterly direction from southwestern Missouri. Young were hatching on May 15 in west-central Missouri and a week earlier eggs were abundant at Columbia. Some fields are as severely infested with old bugs this year as in 193^»
Nebraska. M. H. Swenk (.May 20): Chinch bugs were fairly abundant in barley fields in Nemaha and Richardson Counties during the week of May 11 to 16.
0. S. Bare (May 19 ): During the past week chinch bugs have appeared in considerable numbers in barley fields of Nemaha and Pawnee Counties.
Kansas. H. R. Bryson (May 19): Some counties in the southeastern corner of the State have an abundance of chinch bugs. Coffey, Bourbon, and Wilson Counties will no doubt need barriers at harvest time. Serious injury may result in some counties.
Mississippi. C. Lyle and assistants (May 23): Young corn is suffering severe injury by chinch bugs at Bay Springs, where many plants were reported to be falling over on April 30. This is also the case in Leflore County.
-io6'
Bugs were light on oats at Morgan.
Texas. K. P. Ewing & R. L. McGp.rr (May. l): In April many acres of corn were destroyed in Calhoun County "by chinch hugs, together with southern corn root worn ( Diabr o t i ca&uo dec impunctata Fab . )
HESSIAN FLY (Fhytophaga destructor Say)
Indiana. '.7. B. Noble (May l): Observations in l6 wheat fields in Knox
and Gibson Co-unties showed from U to 75 percent of the stens infested with larvae ranging in size fron snail to half grown, and a few eggs still being laid. (May 19): Counts were nade in 10 wheat fields in Tippecanoe County on May 19. Sten infestations ranged fron 2 to 7U percent, with an average of 37 percent. Fly forns ranged fron snail larvae to puparia.
Illinois. .W. P. Flint (May IS): The spring "brood of the hessian fly has
"been abundant and destructive in the western and southwestern parts of the State. In the central and eastern parts of the State very little dan- age, has occurred, either fron last fall's brood or fron the spring "brood.
Missouri. L. Hasenan (May 23): The spring brood did not get by the severe weather apparently, as fields showing 90 percent of plants infested last fall with up to 60 flaxseeds per plant are now only noderately infested by the spring brood, with an average of about 1 flaxseed per culn, and not showing the expected severe danage. At the tine of the energence of the spring brood of flies in April the cold late spring had nost to do with preventing oviposit ion and hatching.
Kansas. H. R. Bryson (May 25): According to observations nade by E. G.
Kelly, the infestation is not so heavy this spring in Coffey County as was anticipated last fall. The county agent of Lincoln County reported finding a nunber of infested plants at Barnard. Heavy infestations were also reported in Bourbon and surrounding counties.
CORN
CORN EAR WORM (Heliothis obsoleta Fab. )
New Jersey. T. J. Headlee (May 21): Thirty-six. square yards of soil lH. inches deep were exanined for pupae in April. Sweet-corn fields heavily infested in 1935 were exanined and sanples were taken fron the southern, central, and northern parts of the State. No live pupae were found in any of the sanples, whereas in October 1935 similar soil sanples contained an average of approxinately one piipa per square yard.
Georgia. T. L. Bissell (May 18): Half-grown caterpillars hove been found at Experinent on various plants, including rose blossoms and bean leaves.
Mississippi. C. Lyle and assistants (May 23): Unusually heavy infestations on tonatoes have been reported in Rankin, Stone, Jackson, Harrison, Pearl River, and Hancock Counties.
-107-
Texas. R. W. Moreland (April): During April five species of plants were examined for eggs of H. obsoleta, with, results as follows: Alfalfa, U,800 plants and 5S eggs; blue-oonnetr, (lupinus subcarnosus.) , 1,280 plants and 30 eggs; blue-bonnets (L. .^.Konsiss), 1,200 plants; corn, 500 plants; and false indigo,, 200 plants without any eg^s "being found.
California. R. E. Campbell (May l) : Sweet corn coning into tho local
markets from the Coachella Valley already shows considerable damage.
M. W. Stone (May 19): Adults were collected and eggs found on corn and tomatoes near Santa Ana (Peters Canyon) on May S. Considerable injury to silks was noted. Eggs collected on tomato nen.r Costa Mesa and San Juan Capistrano on May 12 hatched in the insectary on May l6. First- and second-instar larvae were also observed feeding on tomato foliage at Costa Mesa on May 12.
LESSER CORNSTALK BORER (Elasmopalpus li^nosellus Zell.)
Florida. J. R. Watson (May 21): Many complaints are coming in of injury to cowpeas, corn, and, especially, beans.
SOD WEBWORMS ( Crambus spp.)
Iowa. C. J. Drake (May 20): Sod webworms are unusually abundant in Iowa this year. Corn planted on newly broken timothy and bluegrass sod is suffering damage from webworms, particularly in the southern part of the State. Near Lamoni and Bloomfield a few cornfields have been almost totally destroyed.
Missouri. L. Haseman (May 23): Sod webworms have been more abundant this spring than usual and many farmers have been obliged to replant corn because of their damage. Most of them are small and not so advanced as usual for the season.
EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Pyrausta nubilalis Hbn. )
Connecticut. N. Turner (May 23): Moths began emerging on May 20 at Mount Carmel. This is much earlier than usual.
CORN BILLBUGS (Calendra spp.)
Iowa. C. J. Drake (May 20): About three species of corn billbugs have been reported from southern and northern Iowa. Near Algona a 40-acre corn- field was totally wiped out by them.
Kansas. H. R. Bryson (May 21): The maize billbug (C. ma. id is Chitt.) was re- ported as quite numerous in the valley of the Neosho River, but not so abundant in Wilson County along the. Verdigris River. Some reports of injury to young corn plants by the adults have been received.
Oklahoma. C. E. Stiles (May 21): The maize billbug has been damaging corn in the lowlands of northeastern Oklahoma.
-108-
SUGARCANE BEETLE (Euethepla rugiceps Lee.)
Tennessee. G.M. Bentley (May 25): The rough-headed cornstalk beetle is re- ported as doing considerable damage to young corn in the community of Rogersville, Hawkins County. It has also "been reported in Bledsoe County in the vicinity of Pikeville. Every few years we have a serious outbreak of this beetle and, by its starting early, we anticipate considerable damage this year.
Mississippi. C. Lyle and assistants (May 23): The sugarcane beetle has been found at Durant around corn and has been reported from other points in the Durant district, while complaints of serious damage to corn have been received during the past month from Cruger, Oakland, Kosciusko, and Hermanville. On May 22 the county agent at Calhoun City reported many complaints concerning this pest.
CORN FLEA BEETLE (Chaeto enema pulicaria Melsh. )
Virginia. H. G. Walker (May 25): Very abundant in many cornfields around Norfolk and on the Eastern Shore of Virginia.
ALFALFA ASP CLOVER
ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hyp era postica Gyll. )
California. A. E. Michelbacher (May 21): Larvae of the alfalfa weevil are becoming rather scarce throughout its entire range in middle lowland California. Serious injury occurred in only one field in the Patterson area of the San Joaquin Valley. After the cutting of the first crop, alfalfa started immediate growth over one-half of the field and now it is being cut for the second time. Over the other half of the field newly emerged adults apparently fed so heavily on the crowns that the alfalfa is only a few inches tall. The larvae are heavily parasitized by Bathyploctes curculionis Thos., the paras it izat ion in many places being 99 percent or more.
Utah. C. J. Sorenson (May 20): The alfalfa weevil is moderately abundant and noticeable damage is in evidence in Millard County.
Colorado. G. M. List (May 22): Adults are numerous in the alfalfa fields at Grand Junction. On May 9 sufficient eggs and small larvae were present to indicate rather severe injury to the first crop.
CLOVER LEAF WEEVIL (Hypera punctata Fab.)
Indiana. J. J. Davis (May 23): The clover leaf weevil was damaging clover at Winchester on May 19. Clover injury was reported from Noblesville on May 7 and, although the report was not accompanied by specimens, the leaf weevil was probably responsible.
Iowa. H. E. Jaques (May): The clover leaf weevil has been reported from
the following counties: Osceola, Mills, Monroe, Wapello, Davis, Henry, and Louisa.
-109-
CLOVER ROOT BORER (Hylastinus oTdscutus Mar sham)
Oregon. D. C. Mote (April): Adults of the clover root borer were reported at Hubbard, the infestation amounting to 30 percent in one field of Austrian winter field peas adjacent to a 3-year-old. field of red clover.
PEA APHID (Illinoia pisi Kalt.)
Wisconsin. C. L. Fluke (May 20): The pea aphid is plentiful on alfalfa in Dane County. Natural enemies such as syrphid flies, ladybeetles, and parasites are also quite active.
Washington and Oregon. L. P. Rockwood (April 21): Low populations, rarely
exceeding 200 per 100 sweeps, were found in irrigated fields in Washing- ton near Maryhill, Toppenish, Satus, Mabton, Touchet, and 7/alla 7/alla, and near Milton-Freewator, Blue Mountain, Stanfield, Hermiston, Umatilla, Irrigon, Arlington, and The Dalles in Oregon. In one irrigated field near Echo, Oreg. , with a southern exposure and protected by hills from the cold winter winds, I. pisi averaged 1,300 per 100 sweeps. Unirri- gated fields near Maryhill, Wash., Weston and The Dalles, Oreg., yielded from none to 5 Per 100 sweeps, and most of those swept were immigrant alates. Coccinellid beetles, especially Hippodamia convergens G-uer., were very abundant ( 10-68 per 100 sweeps), except in the Yakima Valley where the season appeared later than elsewhere. Full-grown larvae of H. convergens and of the syrphid Lasiophthicus pyrastri L. were collected at Echo, Oreg.
Oregon. L. P. Rockwood and M. M. Reeher (May l6) : Aphid populations remained at practically the same low levels as in March on fall-sown annual legumes in Washington and Clackamas Counties until April 10 during cool weather. After that date, they multiplied rapidly, especially on Austrian field peas, during a 10-day period of abnormally warm weather without precipitation. This was also a period of remarkably fast growth of all crops. By May 6 the populations in some fields were 100 times as great as they had been on April 10, attaining 3,000 per 100 sweeps in one field. During the first week of May, during a period of moderate but daily precipitation following a similar period in the last week of April, the entomogenous fungus Entomophthora aphid in attained epidemic propor- tions among aphids in early fall-sown fields. As a result, the aphid populations wore reduced Z8 percent in some fields.
SPITTLEBUC-S (Cercopidae)
Maryland. E. IT. Cory (May 25): A severe outbreak of spittlebugs is occurring in Cecil, Harford, Baltimore, and Kent Counties on clover, alfalfa, and weeds. Farmers have been advised to mow hay at once.
Delaware. L. A. Stearns (May lU) : A spittlebug, probably Philaenus leucophthal- _mus_L.f is abundant in nymphal stages on clover and alfalfa at Odessa and Middletown. Several varieties are present.
Oregon. D. C. Mote (May): P. leucophthalmus was hatching in considerable
numbers on April 25 in the Willamette Valley. The first adult was observed on May 19. Reported by W. D. Edwards.
-110-
COWPEAS
COWPEA CURCULIO (Chalcodermus aeneus Boh.)
Georgia. T. L. Bissell (May 21): Weevils have "been found on volunteer cowpeas at Experiment since May 5* They are feeding somewhat on leaves and stems.
GRASS
MEADOW PLANT BUG (Miris do la prat us L.)
Kentucky. W. A. Price (May 26): The. meadow plant "bug is abundant on
bluegrass in Fayette, Scott, Woodford, Bourbon, and Clark Counties.
FLAX
FALSE CHINCH BUG (Nysius ericae Schill.)
North Dakota. J. A. Munro (May 27): The wingless nymphs are present in countless numbers in a UO- to 50-acre field of flax 7 miles west of Lisbon, Ransom County. The ov/ner of the field states that a week ago the rows of flax were showing over the entire field. Yesterday when we saw the field it was completely hare except for a few low spots. The field had been in grass and weeds for the last 10 years and was plowed just prior to seeding flax this spring. A grassland pasture adjoining the field is also overrun by the bugs.
FRUIT INSECTS
NEW YORK WEEVIL (ithycerus noveboracensis Forst.)
Connecticut. M. P. Zappe (May 23): Adults rather abundant on peach twigs near Cheshire, where they are gnawing into the bases of new shoots.
North Carolina. C. H. Brannon (May 20): New York weevil attacking apple trees in a large orchard in Alexander County.
FLOWER THRIPS (Frankliniella tritici Fitch)
Delaware. P. L. Rice (May 7): This thrips, which appeared in abundance on young fruit and leaves of apple shortly after petal fall in 1935. was found in a number of orchards in Kent and Sussex Counties early in May. Infestations were very light, as compared with these of 1935*
Michigan. R. Hutson (May 20): F. tritici is abundant beneath the shucks and on the leaves of peach trees in the vicinity of Sodus,, in Berrien County.
EUROPEAN FRUIT LECAN iUM ( Le can ium c orn i Bouche)
Michigan. R. Hutson (May 20): Adults of the European fruit lecanium are very abundant in the vicinity of Lansing.
Oklahoma. F. A. Fenton (May 23): The European fruit lecanium continues to he the outstanding insect pest of the State. It is found principally on elms, "but is also recorded as occurring on Osage orange and soft maple. The pest is still in the egg stage.
APPLE
CODLING MOTH (Carpocapsa pomonella L.)
New York. N. Y. State Coll. Agr. News Letter (May 25): The first codling moths of the season were collected in "bait traps on the night of May 22 in the Hudson River Valley. On this night 25 moths were caught in 52 traps in orchards in the vicinity of Poughkeepsie. Night tempera- tures during the month indicate that this was the first moth-flight period of the season. Of a few specimens examined on May 22 it was determined that less than J>0 percent of the overwintered larvae had pupated.
Pennsylvania. H. E. Hodgkiss (May 27): The first peak of emergence occurred between May 15 and 18 in Cumberland and York Counties. In Union County in the north-central area the first peak was on May 17 and IS, nnd a second large emergence started on May 22. Flight records were taken from bait pails.
Delaware. L. A. Stearns (May 23): Emergence of the spring brood is 75
percent complete; first brood larvae hatched May 17; development earlier than usual.
Maryland. E. N. Cory (May 12): Firct emergence of the codling moth on
Eastern Shore, May 7; western Maryland, May. 9; and emergence from cages May 12.
Virginia. f. J. Schoene (May 26): The emergence of the codling moth reached a definite peak on May 9 at Crozet. The emergence of unusually large numbers of adults within a short period was evidently due to the very high temperatures.
Ohio. T. H. Parks (May 25): Moth emergence in Lawrence County began May 8; at Columbus and Wooster, May 17; and in the lakeshore counties on May 18. It is unusual for emergence along the lake to so closely parallel that in central Ohio. First cover sprays have been recommended for all sections based on this emergence and the daily evening temperatures. Bait pans at Columbus have caught fairly large numbers of moths nightly since May 21. The first larval entrances were observed in Lawrence County on May 20.
Indiana. L.- F. Steiner (May 7): The first moth appeared in traps at Bicknell on May 4. The daily catch has increased slowly until 90 were captured
-112-
today in 33.S "baited trees. (May 21): Spring-brood emergence "began April 30 at Elberfeld. Bait-trap catches at Vincennes and Bicknell reached their peaks on May l6 and 17. Small numbers of larvae were hatching by May lU.
J. J. Davis (May 23): Codling moths are emerging in noticeable numbers in some localities. G. E. Marshall found the first adults at Orleans on May U. The peal: of emergence for southern Indiana was from May 8 to lU. Bait traps are located at the following points in the northern half of Indiana, and the dates of first codling moth catches are: La Payette, May l6; Denver, May l6; Saint Joe, May l6; La Porte, May 20; Bristol, none to date.
Illinois. W. P. Flint (May 18): There was a heavy emergence of adults from overwintering .larvae at all points in the southern half of the State, starting May 5 ^nd reaching a peak in southern Illinois between May 8 and 10. Newly hatched larvae were first found entering the fruit in extreme southern Illinois on May 13.
Michigan. R. Hutson (May 9): On May 8, in field observations at Mason, 50 percent of the codling moth larvae were found pupated.
Missouri. L. Haseman (May 23): The codling moth began emerging the last days of April in southern Missouri and by the end of the first week emergence was general over most of the State. First worms entered fruit in southern Missouri between May 11 and 15. Bait-trap catches indicate, only a moderate number of first-brood moths in orchards. Heaviest emergence in southern Missouri was from May 5 to 18 and in northern Missouri from May 10 to 20.
H. Baker (May 26): The first codling moths were caught in bait traps at Saint Joseph on May 7> 3-n(l large catches were taken during the period May lU-22. Only a few scattering worm entrances have been observed to date.
Colorado. G. M. List (May 22): The first codling moths were taken in traps at Paonia by J. H. Newton on May 3« There was a low winter mortality of the overwintering larvae in that section.
Washington. E. J. Newcomer (May 19): Emergence of moths began on May k in the Yakima Valley with large numbers emerging from the 10th to the 13th. This is about the same time as last year, although the development of the apples is about a week ahead of last year.
EASTERN TENT CATERPILLAR (Malacosoma americana Fab.)
Connecticut. W. E. Britton (May 19): Nests are very numerous in some
localities. Caterpillars are now about half grown. Gray birches along the roadside in Vv'allingford were nearly defoliated on May lk.
New York. N. Y. State Coll. Agr. News Letter (May)': Infestation by tent caterpillars is general in the Hudson River Valley and the western New York fruit district, although probably not so intensive as last year.
-113-
R. E. Horsey (May): Two tents 1§ inches in diameter, with larvae -| inch in length were seen on crabapple on May 2 at Rochester. Since then they have "become very numerous, acre so than I have ever seen them. As many as 12 nests were found on one :- mall native crabapple tree, and over 200 nests were removed from about 7 acres of ornamental and native crabapples. They were bad on Japanese quince, cotoneasters, wild plum, ornamental cherries, etc. A note from Gates on May 18 said," We have been having quite a time with tent caterpillars in our hedge (English hawthorn) and cherry trees. We thought we had them all cleared out but found a number of large nests in one of the cherry trees today,-"
New Jersey. T. J. Headlee (May 21): The eastern tent caterpillar is less abundant than last year but is still. present in considerable numbers in the northern half of the State. The caterpillars are about full grown and many of them have gone into migration. Egg parasites were common but not abundant in the eggs laid last fall.
Pennsylvania. R. M. Baker (May 22): M. americana was observed hatching as late as the last week in April in Crawford County.
H. E. Hodgkiss. (May 27): Eastern tent caterpillar is very abundant in Bradford, Susquehanna, and Centre Counties. Elsewhere it appears to be less abundant than in 1935.
Maryland. E. N. Cory (April 3): First noticed the tent caterpillar on
cherry and apple trees in Worcester County on April 3, in Talbot and Queen Anne Counties on April k, and southern Maryland on April 9.
Tennessee. G-. M. Bentley (April 15) : Tent caterpillars are very abundant
again this year on wild cherry and apple trees in all parts of Tennessee.
ERUIT TREE LEAF ROLLER (Cacpecia argvrospila Walk.)
Pennsylvania. H. E. Hodgkiss (May 27): Infestation of fruit tree leaf roller severe in some orchards. Not general in the State.
APPLE APHIDS (Aphiidae)
Connecticut. P. Garman (May 19): Rosy apple aphid (Anur aphis roseus Baker) very abundant in some localities in New Haven County.
New York. N. Y. State Coll. Agr. News Letter (May): All three species of the apple aphids appear to be more abundant than usual in the Hudson River Valley. The rosy apple aphid is the predominating species in the western fruit district. In both places syrphid flies and ladybeetlos are holding the aphids in check.
Maryland. E. N. Cory (April 29): Rosy apple aphid observed attacking apple at Sandy Spring.
Wisconsin. C. L. Eluke (May 20): Apple grain aphid (Rhopalosiphun prunifoliae Pitch) infests 75 to 90 percent of terminals in Crawford County. Green
-liH-
apple aphid (Aphis pomi DeG.) is practically absent in the western apple orchards in Crawford County.
Missouri. L. Hasenan (May 23): Sone rosy aphid present in southwestern Missouri and in the west-central portion hut generally aphids are less abundant than usual.
Colorado. G. M. List (May 22): The rosy apple aphid is somewhat more
numerous than usual in Delta and Mesa Counties and was reported for the first time from Montezuma County.
LEAEHOPPERS (Cicadellidae)
Connecticut. P. Carman (May 19): It was estimated that from one-fourth to one-half of the white apple leafhopper (Typhlocyba pomaria Mc.) had emerged at the time of calyx spray.
Pennsylvania. H. E. Hodgkiss (May 27): T. po met aria hatching on May 13 in Berks County. Infestation heavy in some orchards.
Missouri. L. Hasenan (May 23): There was a heavy overwintering crop of the
red-spotted (Erythroneura maculata Gill.) and red-striped (E. ohliqua Say) leafhoppers, hut in the last 2 weeks they have been less noticeable on foliage, owing to spread and possibly dying following egg laying. Eirst nymphs of these seemingly beginning to show up. The white apple leafhopper, which passes the winter in the egg stage, is fairly abundant and the first-brood mating occurred from May 15-20 in central Missouri.
APPLE REDBUGS (Miridae)
New York. N. Y. State Coll. Agr. News Letter (May): Red bugs have injured
the terminal growth in several orchards in the lower Hudson River Valley. Reports from Orleans and Wayne Counties also indicate injury.
New Jersey. T. L. Guyton (May 21): Apple redbug (Lygidea mendax Reut.) are rather numerous in part of an apple orchard at Lebanon.
Pennsylvania. H. E. Hodgkiss (May 27): Both species, L. mendax and
Heterocordylus malinus Reut., are abundant through the State. They were hatching on May 5 and 6.
SAN JOSE SCALE (Aspidiotus perniciosus Comst.)
Georgia. 0. I. Snapp (May 20): Most of the San Jose scales are dead in peach orchards sprayed last winter for the control of this insect at Port Valley. In these orchards, crawlers and recently set-up young are rather scarce.
Tennessee. G. M. Bentley (May): In many of our peach and apple orchards of western Tennessee San Jose scale is showing up in appreciable numbers.
Missouri. L. Haseman (May 23): San Jose scale is not breeding up heavily, 'probably on account of severe winter mortality.
-115-
Wisconsin. E. L. Chambers (May 20): More than 600 city properties in
southern 7/isconsin were sprayed during April with a niscible oil in a clean-up campaign against the San Jose scale. New infestations were found following an intensive survey in 6 now localities. This insect has not yet reached the commercial fruit-growing districts of the State.
North Dakota. J. A. Munro (May 18): Examination of a cotoneaster hedge at Eargo showed a heavy infestation of San Jose scale. -All insects above the snow lino were dead, "but where protection has "been afforded by snow the survival was about 5 percent.
FLAT -HEADED APPLE TEEE BORER (Chrysobothris fenorata 01 i v.)
Missouri. L. Hasenan (May 23): Adults first observed on May 18-20. Expect another bad siege, although sone increase of parasites last year nay help.
Nebraska. M. H. Swenk (May 20): During the period from April 21 to May 20 numerous complaints of damage to fruit and shade trees by the flat- headed apple tree borer continued to be received. These came from Douglas, Saunders, Saline, Platte, York, Hall, Holt, and Redwillow Counties.
APPLE ELEA WEEVIL (Orchestes pallicornis Say)
Ohio. T. H. Parks (May 25): Adult flea weevils overwintered in large
numbers in some orchards and migrated to the new apple leaves in the delayed dormant stage of bud development. Prompt sprays gave fairly good control. r On unsprayed trees larvae are now full grown in their blotch mines.
APPLE CURCULIO (Tachypterellus quadri^ibbus Say)
Pennsylvania. H. E. Hodgkiss (May 27): Adults of apple curculio were depositing eggs in apples in York County on: May 20. One larva was found feeding in young apple.
EUROPEAN RED MITE (Paratctranychus pilosus C. & E.)
Connecticut. P. Garman (May 19): European red mites are abundant in some orchards in Nev/ London County. Mites were mature and laying eggs at the time of the calyx spray.
Pennsylvania. H. 3. Hodgkiss (May 27): Eirst-genuration individuals of
European red spider mature in Dauphin County on May 6. Eggs deposited by first-generation adults hatching in Adams County en May 21.
-116-
PSACH •
PLUM GUEGULIO (Cono tracheitis nenuphar Hbst.)
Connecticut. P. Garman (May 19); Beetles of plum curculio out of hiberna- tion in New Haven County hut not working on fruit as yet.
Delaware. L. A. Stearns (May 23): The first overwintered adults were collected by jarring on April 17 at Bridgeville. Injury "by first- brood grubs subnormal.
Pennsylvania. H. E. Hodgkiss (May 2~f): First observation of plun curculio in Lancaster County v/as on May 11, when they were feeding on apple and plum. No feeding seen on peach, even where interplanted with apple.
Maryland. E. N. Cory (May 13): Plum curculio was found ovipositing on poach on May 13 at Avanel.
Virginia. W. J. Schoene (May 26): A heavy second brood of the plum curculio is in progress. The overwintering adults reached the orchard between April 2k and May 25. Large numbers arrived about May 1. The wormy peaches were dropping in large numbers on May 20-23, infestation running as high as 95 percent. In one orchard drops in the center of the peach block averaged 50 percent wormy and those on the outside of the blocks averaged 90 percent. The fruit is very small, about 1,000 to the gallon.
Georgia. 0. I. Snapp (May 6): The peak of first- brood larval emergence from peach drops at Fort Valley occurred on May U, which is 6 days later than the peak emergence in 1935* (May 25): Nearly all of the overwintered adults are dead, as revealed ''oy recent jarring of commercial orchards at Fort Valley. First-generation adults have not yet started to emerge.
Ohio. T. H. Porks (May): Scars from: the plum curculio are very scarce and no special sprays on apple have been necessary.
Indiana. L. F. Steiner (May 21): Injuries were noted at Vincennes on Ben Davis apples as early as May 5. only a few days after petal fall. The pest is more abundant than usual and is doing considerable damage throughout the district.
Illinois. W. P. Flint (May IS): Plum curculio is more abundant in southern Illinois than it has been at any time during the past 3 years. Jarring records made by S. C. Chandler show a considerable increase in numbers of adults taken during the past 2 weeks. The wet season of 1935 certainly enabled this beetle to stage a strong comeback.
Michigan. R. Hutson (May 9): On May 8 we jarred some trees at Mason and
East Lansing. C. nenuphar was recovered at both places. These recover- ies were, without doubt, due to the extremely warm weather of the past few days. The buds are in the prepink stage.
-117-
Tcnnessec. G. M. Bent ley (May): In peach and plum orchards where timely
sprays have net "been applied a large number of t.he curculio is present generally over the State.
Mississippi. C. Lyle (May 23): Injury "by the plum curculio is rather
general in unsprayed orchards, although only light damage is reported in the central and southwestern parts of the State. Inspector J. E. Lee at Poplarville reports wild plums in Pearl River County heavily infested, one count showing 9^ percent infestation.
Minnesota. A. G. Ruggles (May 22): Plum curculio is moderately abundant in Hennepin County.
Missouri. L. Haseman (May 23): In central Missouri there was an early May appearance of curculios and "both apples and stone fruits were attacked generally, hut at first punctures were mostly for feeding.. In the peach district of southwestern Missouri stone fruits were also "badly attacked with worms in fallen fruit May 20-22.
A PLEA BEETLE (Chalcoides helxines L.)
Connecticut. M. P. Zappe (May 22): Considerable feeding on leaves by adults Most abundant in peach orchards at Southington on those trees adjoining hedgerows containing chokecherries. Probably more beetles on choke- cherries than on peach. Injury not serious on either plant.
ORIENTAL PRUIT MOTH (Grapholitha molesta Busck)
Delaware. L. A. Stearns (May 23): Emergence of spring brood practically complete; first-brood larvae feeding in twigs are about half grown.
Pennsylvania. R. M. Baker (May 13): Terminal infestation on young peach quite noticeable at Rutherford. Not quite so bead on older trees.
Georgia. 0. I. Snrpp (May 20): Oriental fruit moth infestation is light at Port Valley.
Ohio. E. W. Mendenhall (May 20): Quite bad on the peach trees in central Ohio that are left alive from the severe freezes of last winter. The tips of the peach limbs are quite noticeable from their injury. Their population will be somewhat decreased on account of so many peach trees being killed last winter. They will no doubt attack other fruit trees.
Missouri. L. Haseman (May 23): Oriental fruit moth is more abundant at Cape ^ Girardeau than usual. The first brood is causing much damage to tips and worms are occasionally entering groen fruit.
Mississippi. C. Lyle (May 23): Oriental fruit moth injury to peach twigs was observed by Inspector N. L. Douglass at Water Valley and Grenada about the middle of May. At State College this injury' is much lighter than in the spring of 1935* Some orchards heavily infested last year show no injury at all this season.
-118-
PEACH BORER (Aegeria exitiosa Say)
Georgia. 0. I. Snapp (May S): A nale peach "borer noth was taken at Fort Valley this morning while trees were "being jarred for the curculio. This individual evidently emerged on May 8, as it was taken shortly after h a.m., and according to our observations energence does not take place "before ~[ a.n. Furthermore, the freshly cast pupal skin containing recently dried fluid was found en the tree next to the one from which the individual was jarred. Moths have not "been taken in the orchards earlier than May 27 before this year. (May 20): The infestation is heavy in orchards at Fort Valley that were not treated for this insect. Pupation is starting unusually early. Thirty-four cocoons and 20 freshly cast pupal skins were removed during the period May S-1S as a result of the examination of 223 trees in one commercial orchard. In a second orchard, 1 cocoon and 1 cast pupal skin were removed during the examination of 60 trees on May 12, and in a third orchard 4 cocoons were removed during the examination Of 103 trees on May 15 and 18. Peach "borer pupation in numbers is starting earlier than in any year since the insect has been under observation in this lat itude .
PEACH TWIG BOEER (Anarsia lineatella Zell.)
Utah. C. J. Sorenson (May 20): The peach twig borer is moderately abundant in Davis County. The overwintered broods have been emerging as adults during the past 2 weeks.
A MEGACHILIB (Anthidium sp.)
Arizona. C. D. Lebert (May 19): A leaf-cutting wasp, possibly A. emar^in- atum Say, caused severe defoliation of peach and apricot trees in a small grove near Higley. The peach trees had their foliage badly riddled. Some injury to the foliage of Chinese elm and umbrella trees was noted.
GREEN PEACH APHID (Myzus persicae Sulz.)
Pennsylvania. H. E. Hodgkiss (May 27): There is a general infestation of green peach aphid through the State.
A LEAFHOPPER (Macropsis trimaculata Fitch)
Michigan. R. Hutson (May 20): The leafhopper, reported to be responsible for the spread of certain virus diseases on peach, started hatching May 10 at East Lansing.
PEAR
PEAR PSYLIA (Psyllia pyricola Foerst.)
New York. N. Y. State Coll. Agr.. News Letter (May): ,In the Hudson River Valley most of the eggs of pear psylla had hatched by the middle of the month, after which date a few summer flies were observed. In
-119-
western New York hatching was well under way "by the middle of the month, out some eggs were still unhatched by the 25th.
PEAR THRIPS (Taeniothrips inconsequens Uzel)
Washington. I. W. Bales (May H): Pear thrips have caused considerable damage in Clark County this spring. Some orchards have suffered as high as 75 percent "blossom injury.
Oregon. S. C. Jones (May): In the Willamette Valley emergence of adults stopped on April 22. The larvae have "been hatching since April 17. In the Umpqua Valley larvae have hcen hatching since April 1. The larvae were practically full grown and had left the trees by May 12.
CHERRY
CHEERY LEAP BEETLE (Galerucella cavicollis Lee.)
Michigan. R. Hutson (May 20): Reported doing considerable damage to sour cherries in the vicinity of Traverse City.
PLUM
HOP APHID (Phorodon hamuli Schrank)
California. L. M. Smith (May IS): The production of migrants on French
prunes in the Sonoma Valley was practically complete hy May 15, marking the close of an unusually heavy infestation on the trees. Large numbers of migrants ( 10-50 Per leaf) were found on the terminal leaves of hops, while numerous immature alienicolae were found on the older, lower leaves of this plant.
SAY'S BLISTER BEETLE (pomphopoea sayi Lee.)
Ohio. T. H. Parks (May): These blister "beetles were sent from New Concord on May 1 with the statement that they were devouring plum "blossoms.
RASPBERRY
RASPBERRY CANE BORER (Oberea binaculata Oliv. )
Minnesota. A. G. Ruggles and assistants (May 18): Raspberry cane borer very abundant, causing heavy damage to raspberries in Clearwater County, according to J. T. Barnes.
GRAPE
GRAPE LEAP POLDER (Desmia funeralis Hbn. )
Missouri. L. Haseman (May 23): Bearing vines at Columbia are not showing injury but newly set young plants were "badly attacked by grape leaf- roller on May 15.
-120-
GRAPE ROOT WORM (Fjdia viticida Walsh)
Delaware. L. A. Stearns (May 22): There is a rather serious infestation of grape root worn on Moore's Early and Concord varieties at Smyrna.
GRAPE PLUME MOTH (Oxyptilus periscelidactylus. Fitch)
Ohio. T. H. Parks (May 21): Specimens of the larvae of grape plume moth were received from Hamilton County with the statement that they were feeding on grape foliage.
GRAPE LEAFHOPPER (Eyrthroneura comes Say)
Delaware. L. A. Stearns (May 13): First overwintered adults of grape leafhopper observed on grape at Camden today.
GOOSEBERRY AM) CURRANT
GOOSEBERRY FRUIT WORM (Zophodia grossulariae Riley)
New York. N. Y. State Coll. Agr. News Letter (May k) : Recently the goose- berry fruit worm has caused heavy losses in gooseberry and current plantings in the Hudson Valley.
IMPORTED CURRANT WORM (Pteronidea ribesii Scop.)
New York. N. Y. State Coll. Agr. News Letter (May 18): Found imported currant worms were working on currants on May 12 in Ulster County.
Ohio. T. H. Parks (May 20): The larvae of imported currant worms are now ah out half grown and are rapidly defoliating currants and gooseberries in some plantings at Columbus.
PECAN
PECAN NUT WORM (Acrobasis caryae Grote)
Louisiana. W. C. Pierce (April 2.k) : Larvae and pupae of the pecan nut case bearer were collected in pecan shoots at the Robson Experimental Station. The number of injured shoots ranged from two to four per tree on 6-year-old pecan trees. On May lU the first case-bearer eggs were collected on young pecan. Eggs were in late stage of development with none hatched at this time. Damage will probably be noticed by pecan growers this year on account of the light pecan crop, which is confined to a few varieties.
PECAN LEAF CASE BEARER (Acrobasis Jutland is LeB.)
Louisiana. W. C. Pierce (May ~f): Considerable damage has been caused by larvae of the pecan loaf case bearer feeding on buds and new growth of pecan in southwestern Louisiana near De Ridder.
-121-
PHYLLOXEEA (Phylloxera spp.)
Mississippi. C. Lyle and assistants (May 23): Numerous complaints of
damage to pecans have "been received during the month. Specimens of P. devastatrix Perg. were received fron correspondents at Rolling Fork, Yazoo City, Charleston, Leland, and Satartia. P. notabilis Perg. was received fron Pattison, and a complaint unaccompanied by specimens came from Vicksburg. A report was received of damage to a pecan tree at Leland.
Louisiana. W. C. Pierce (May 5): The first open galls of P. devastatrix
were observed near Shreveport on Schley pecan trees. The gall opening period on Stuart and Success varieties is a little later than on the Nelson and Schley varieties. Severe damage has been caused on pecan trees at locations scattered along the Hed and Mississippi Rivers. (May 7-15) ! Light infestations of Phylloxera sp. (undetermined) have "been observed on pecan trees in southwestern Louisiana and on trees growing along the Pod and Mississippi Rivers. The most severe infes- tation was observed on Nelson variety, which was also attacked by P. devastatrix.
PECAN APHIDS (Aphiidae)
Georgia. T. L. Bissell (May 21): Melanocallis caryaefoliae Davis, the black pecan aphid, is present in moderate numbers, a small number of fending spots being present at Experiment. Monellia costalis Pitch is very abundant at Experiment. M. nigropunctata Granovsky is present in moderate numbers on pecan at Experiment.
A SAWFLY (Periclista sp.)
Louisiana. M. C. Pierce (May l~lrj): Small holes in pecan leaflets caused by the feeding of sawfly larvae have been observed in every pecan orchard visited in this State. Practically no damage has been caused.
OBSCURE SCALE (Chrysomphalus obscurus Comst.)
Mississippi. C. Lyle and assistants (May 2}): An infestation of obscure
scale on pecan trees at Shaw was reported by Inspector N. L. Douglass, who also stated that a few oak trees had been killed by this insect and others severely injured. In the Delta this scale is causing damage to pecan trees.
Louisiana. W. C. Pierce (May 7): Ten-year-old pecan trees severely encrusted with obscure scale were observed near De Ridder. It is unusual to find pecan trees of this age heavily encrusted with this scale. In northern Louisiana damage is confined mostly to the lower parts of trees from 20 to 30 years old or over.
-122-
CITRUS
CALIFORNIA RED SCALE (Chrysomphalus aurantii Mask.)
Arizona. C. D. Lehert (May 19) : It seems that the fumigation and scale clean-up around Phoenix during the past season has "been 100 percent efficient. IJo live adult scales or crawlers have "been found on either citrus or ornamentals. Check trees in formerly infested groves fumigated this spring were negative.
COTTONY CUSHION SCALE (icerva purchasi Mask.)
Florida. H. T. Eernald (May 23): The fluted or cottony cushion scale is very ahundant in the Orlando section on prickly pear, "but I have not seen any on citrus,
Mississippi. C. Lyle (May 23): An infestation of cottony cushion scale on pecan was sent in hy a correspondent at Hattieshurg on May 2.
Arizona. C. D. Lehert (May 19): A light-to-moderate; infestation of this scale was found in a grapefruit grove near Phoenix. The Australian ladyheetle (Rodolia 'cardinal! s Mvils.) was also present and each scale cluster had from 3 to 7 larvae around it. The "beetles were "building up nicely.
CITRUS WHITEFLY (Sialeurodes citri Riley & How.)
Mississippi. J. E. Lee (May 23); The citrus whitefly very ahundant in the vicinity of Poplarville. A number of Cape-Jasmine plants have "been completely defoliated.
ORANGE TORTRIX (Tortrix citrana Pern.)
Florida. J. R. Watson (May 21): W. L. Thompson, of our Citriis Station
at Lake Alfred, reports that he has soon more orange tortrix than for several years.
A THRIPS (Prankliniella sp.)
Florida. J. R. Watson (May 21): Thrips multiplied rapidly during this dry period in the month of April and the first half of May.
Correction The note on page 39 of the Insect Pest Survey Bulleti
volume 16, number 2 (April 1, 1936), Scirtothrips citri Moult, should read Frankliniella sp.
CITRUS RUST MITE (Phyllocoptes oleivorus Ashm. )
Florida. J. R, Watson (May 21): Dry weather has caused rapid development of rust mites and there has "been much spraying for them.
-123-
SIX-SPOTTED MITE (Tetranychus sexmaculatus Riley)
Florida. J. R. Watson (May 21): The six-spotted mite has "been more injuri- ous to grapefruit than for many years, in most sections of the State causing a severe leaf drop, in some cases. as much as 50 percent. The leaves are maturing at the present time and the damage from this mite is subsiding.
DATE' PALMS
A CERAM3YCID (Prionus sp.)
Arizona. C. D. Lebert (May 19): The larvae of a cerarnbycid, prohahly
P. calif ornicus Mots, or P. heroicus Semen, wore found in date palms and offshoots at Litchfield Park. Numerous tunnels in the mother palms and all the offshoots on three parent plants were either dead or dying. Twenty-seven large larvae were taken from three small offshoots. The injuries were confined to one side of the field and to four or five trees.
NAVEL ORANGE WORM (Myelois venipars Dyar)
Arizona. P. Simnons (May 27): Moths reared from dates near Phoenix were sent in hy P. Simmons and determined "by C. Heinrich as M. venipars.
TRUCK-CROP INSECTS
VEGETABLE WEEVIL (Listroderes ohliquus Klug)
Mississippi. C. Lyle and assistants (May 23): Early in the month infesta- tions were reported on tomato at Hazlehurst and on cahoage at McCool. This pest has "been very active during the month, damaging turnips in Hinds, Rankin, Holmes, and Yazoo Counties.
California. A. E. Michelhacher (May 21): In parts of the San Francisco Bay region newly set tomato plants have "been seriously injured.
FLEA BEETLES (Halticinae)
New York. N. Y. State Coll. Agr. News Letter (May): Flea "beetles were reported as injurious in western New York during the latter half of the month.
Ohio. B. J. Landis (May k) : Adults of the striped cabbage flea beetle
(Phyllotreta vittata Fah. ) are common on turnip and early cahhage at Columbus.
Indiana. J. J. Davis (May 23): Flea beetles were damaging small radish plants at New Haven on May 19 .
-12U-
Missouri. L. Ha so man (May 23) ! Several species of flea "beetles have "been abundant and injurious in gardens in central Missouri.
Mississippi. D. W. Grimes (May 22): Flea beetles are causing damage to turnips at various points.
Nebraska. 0. S. Bare (May 19)5 Numerous small, dark-colored, quick-jumping beetles have riddled the leaves of radishes and cabbage.
California. A. E. Michclbacher (May 21): In parts of the San Francisco Bay region newly set tomato plants have been seriously injured.
STRIPED CUCUMBER BEETLE (Diabrotica vittata Fab.)
Connecticut. W. E. Britton (May 20): Severe damage to young summer squash plants observed in one field on May 11 at New Haven.
N. Turner (May 23): Some cucumbers killed in East Hartford by striped cucumber beetle, which is apparently abundant as usual.
Virginia. H. G. Walker (May 25): The striped cucumber beetle is rather scarce in the Norfolk district.
Ohio. B. J. Landis (May -6): The first adult of the striped cucumber beetle was observed on May 6. On May 10 adults were numerous in a woodlot at Columbus.
Mississippi. C. Lyle and assistants (May 23): A heavy infestation was observed on watermelons in Jackson County and on squash at Durant, Holmes County.
Minnesota. A. G. Ruggles (May): Striped cucumber beetle has been reported as moderately abundant in Morrison, Crow Wing, Rice, and Pipestone Counties.
Missouri. L. Haseman (May 23): In central Missouri the striped cucumber
beetles are either slower in showing up or less abundant than usual, as little damage has been done as yet.
Oklahoma. F. A. Fenton (May 23): The two-striped cucumber beetleis injuring the cucurbits.
SPOTTED CUCUMBER BEETLE (Diabrotica duodecimpunctata Fab.)
Virginia. L. W, Brannon (May 7): Twelve-spotted cucumber beetles were
observed feeding in the field at Norfolk on young snap beans for the first time this season on April 20. This is 6 days earlier than the first beetles were observed feeding in 1935*
Georgia. T. L. Bissell (May 5): The first injury to corn by budworms was seen today at Experiment. Beetles were very numerous in March and early April but very few larvae have been found on cover crops.
-125-
0. I. Snapp (May 19): The spotted cucumber "beetle has "been more abundant than usual this spring, and large numbers have "been jarred from peach trees at Fort Valley.
Mississippi. C. Lyle and assistants (May 21): Adult "beetles are completely destroying a field of watermelons at State College. The larvae were causing unusual damage to corn in the Aberdeen district. (May 22): Twelve-spotted cucumber beetles found on squash at Durant and noticed generally in gardens on other plants.
Kentucky. W. A. Price (May 26): Spotted cucumber beetle present on beans.
Oklahoma. F. A. Ponton (May 23): The twelve-spotted cucumber beetle is injuring cucurbits.
WESTERN SPOTTED CUCUMBER BEETLE (Diabrotica soror Lee.)
Oregon. D. C. Mote (May): More numerous at this time in the Willamette
Valley than for the last few years. Damage to alfalfa has been observed in Linn County. Reported by 3. G. Thompson.
STRIPED BLISTER BEETLE (Epicauta vittata Fab.)
Georgia. T. L. Bissell (May 25): Pimiento pepper beds in Butts County are attacked by this blister beetle.
A COCCINELLID (Coratomcgilla fuscilabris Muls.)
Mississippi. J. P. Kislanko (May 23): An unusual case of economic loss due to this ladybeetlc has been observed. A canning factory in Laurel rejected several tons of turnip tops and spinach on account of numerous pupae attached to the lower surface of the leaves, which rendered the product unfit for canning.
FALSE CHINCH BUG (Nysius ericae Schill.)
California. A. E. Michelbacher (May 21): In one or two places in the San Francisco Bay region nymphs of the fatee chinch bug have caused some damage.
S. Lockwood (May 23): Outbreaks of the false chinch bug.. are now appearing in Napa, Sacramento, and El Dorado Counties. In some fields the bugs are doing considerable damage to young tomato plants which are just now starting to grow in the field.'
Nebraska. M. H. Swenk (May 20): On May l6 a Madison County correspondent
reported the false chinch bug feeding on radishes, cucumbers, and other garden vegetables.
Arizona. C. D. Lebert (May 19): On account of the dry spring and the con- sequent sparse growth of mustard weed there has been very little trouble from this pest. One heavy infestation was observed in a citrus
-126-
grove near Phoenix where severe injury, occurred to the young trees. A mustard cover crop in this grove was responsible for this inlestation. Reports from Tucson state that several residents were annoyed by the presence of large numbers of these pests late in April and early in May.
TARNISHED PLANT BUG (ivgus pratensis L.)
Colorado. G. M. List (May 22): The tarnished plant "bug was not as abundant on peaches during the blooming period in the peach-growing districts as usual. It has, however, '"been comparatively numerous on some garden crops in other localities.
GREEN STINKBUG (Acrosternvm hilar is Say)
California. S. Lockwood (April 30) : The green soldier bug is occurring in large numbers again this year in Merced County. Inspections yesterday gave evidence of far more than normal nuibcrs of this insect.
POTATO ATP) gQMATO COLORADO POTATO BEETLE (Leptinotarsa docemlineata Say)
New York. N. Y. State Coll. Agr. News Letter (May" IS): The Colorado potato beetle is laying eggs in Nassau County.
Delaware. D. MacCreary (May 12): One specimen of Colorado potato beetle observed at Odessa.
Virginia. H. G. Walker (May 25): The Colorado potato "beetle is very abundant at Norfolk.
Georgia. T. L. Bissell (May 5): The Colorado potato beetle has become very abundant and injurious on Irish potato at Griffin.
Ohio. N. E. Howard (May 18): The potato beetle is injuring early tomatoes in the field at South Point but is not very numerous on early potatoes.
B. J. Landis (May 7): The first adult was seen flying on May 7 at Columbus. On May 11, 15 adult beetles were counted on a oO-foot row of potatoes. Egg mass on S planum dulcamara was observed ^n May 12.
Mississippi. C. Lyle (May 23): The Colorado potato beetle is generally
abundant over the State and practically all gardeners are finding control measures necessary.
Missouri. L. Haseman (May 23): Reported by many growers as extremely abundant, more so than was expected, following so severe a winter.
Nebraska. 0. S. Bare (May 19): Potato bugs seem to be very plentiful this spring.
Oklahoma. C. P. Stiles (May 21): Potato beetles are quite numerous in the
vicinity of Edmond and it will be necessary to poison most of the fields to prevent defoliation.
-127-
POTATO FLEA BEETLE (Epitrix cucumeris Harr.)
New York. N. Y. State Coll. Agri News Letter (May 18): Sonc potato flea beetle injury is showing up in Nassau County.
Pennsylvania. H. E. Hodgkiss (May 27): On May lH potato flea "beetle was
just starting on potatoes. The initial infestation is not as large as in nost years.
Kentucky. W. A. Price (May 26): Potato flea beetles are connon and destruc- tive over the State generally.
Iowa. H. E. Jaques (May 23): Potato flea beetle unusually abundant.
Mississippi. J. E. Lee (May 23): The heaviest infestation of potato flea "beetles in several years was noted at Purvis early in May. .
Colorado. G. M. List (May 22): Plea beetles, especially E. cucumeris,
are damaging tomatoes, potatoes, and many other snail plants in several sections of the State.
TOMATO PINWORM (Gnorimo schema lycopersicella 3usck)
Florida. J. R. Watson (May 21): Tomatoes in the Bradcnton section show a very light infestation of the pinworn.
POTATO APHID (illinoia solanifolii Ash». )
Virginia. H. C-. Walker (May 25): The pink and green potato aphid is beginning to appear on potatoes at Norfolk in small numbers.
TOMATO PSYLLID (Paratrioza cockerelli Sulc.)
Colorado. G. M. List (May 22): The tomato psyllid was taken in a "car trap" at Grand Junction April 20 by 0. A. Hills. Adults were taken on native host plants at Las Animas, by L. Sweetman on May 2. On May l6 eggs were rather numerous at Fort Collins on tomato plants growing in the coldframe.
BEANS
MEXICAN BEAN BEETLE (Epilachna varivestis Muls.)
Virginia. H. G. Walker (May 25): The Mexican bean beetle appears to have suffered a very heavy winter mortality, as they are very scarce in the field and loss than 2 percent have emerged from hibernation cages at Norfolk.
L. W. Brannon (May j) • The first Mexican bean beetle of the season was found feeding in the field in the Norfolk area on April 20. Only one beetle was found on 20 rows of snap beans 300 foot long, so the beetle is apparently one of the first to emerge. Daily observations have .been made since the first beans were observed on April 11.
LIBRARY STATE PLANT BOARD
-12S-.
Georgia. T. L. Bissell (May 5): 0ne "beetle found today on beans at Griffin. Occasional beetles have been found for 2 weeks on peach trees but this is the first on "beans. (May 21 ): The beetle continues to "be scarce at Experiment, doubtless on account of the long-continued dry weather, which is also keeping the "beans hack. A report that the beetle is injurious at Thonasville has not been verified.
Ohio. N. E. Howard (May 20): The first beetle was found in the field at
South Point on May 8 and had apparently been feeding for a day or nore. 3y May 18 a number of beetles were present in each field examined but were less numerous than usual.
BEAN LEAF BEETLE (Cerotoma trifurcafa Eorst.)
Virginia. H. G. Walker (May 25): The bean leaf beetle is very abundant at •
Norfolk and it seems especially destructive because of the dry weather, whid has greatly retarded the growth of the beans.
Georgia. T. L. Bissell (May 5): The bean leaf beetle has severely riddled the leaves of snap beans. Injury was first noted about 2 weeks ago at
Experiment and Griffin.
Ohio. N. E. Howard (May 18): The bean leaf beetle has been numerous on early beans at South Point. The first leaves in' some fields averaged 20-holes per leaf. Injury to trifoliate leaves is not great and the infestation is subsiding.
Indiana. J. J. Davis (May 23): The bean leaf beetle was reported to be
damaging garden beans in a number of localities in the southern half of the State, Torre Haute being the most northern point reported. Most of the reports came in from May 11 to lh.
Kentucky. W-. A. Price (May 26): The bean leaf beetle has been more destruc- tive to the bean crop than the Mexican bean beetle, which is very common.
Mississippi. C. Lyle and assistants (May 23): The bean leaf beetle has been rather uniformly destructive over the State.
BEAN APHID (Aphis runic is L.)
California. S. Lockwood (May 25): The bean aphid is causing considerable
damage to sugar beets, field peas, and horse beans in the Delta district
of Solano County.
PEAS
PEA APHID (Illinoia pisi Kalt.)
Hew Jersey. T. J. Headlee (May 21): The first pea aphids en peas were
observed on May 18 in southern New Jersey. The infestation is confined to those fields bordering on or near clover and alfalfa fields. Pea
-129-
fields situated some distance from clover and alfalfa fields are free from aphids. Weekly aphid surveys have "been made since the last week in April, covering 3,500 acres of peas in the southern part of the State .
Virginia. L. W. Brannon (May 7): The first pea aphid of the season in the Norfolk district was found on peas on April 13 . Peas have "been up in that district since the middle of March and weekly sweepings had "been made since that date. On April 2*+ the first pea aphid of the season on the Eastern Shore of Virginia was found in the vicinity of Cher it on. Peas have been up in that district since the middle of March, and weekly sweepings had been made since the first week in April.
Ohio. 3. J. Landis (May 12): Pea aphids scarce on canning peas at Chilli- cothe, Circlcville, and Canal Winchester. (May 20): Pea aphid survey on canning peas in Ohio: Pea fields swept are the same and bear the same numbers as those reported May 12; no sweeps were made at Canal Winchester; 1-| miles north of South Bloomfield — 5° sweeps, 13 aphids;
1 mile east of Circlcville — 5^ sweeps, 27 aphids; south edge of Circle- ville — 50 sweeps, 59 aphids; Scippo Creek — 50 sweeps, 88 aphids; in a field north of covered bridge on Route 10U — 50sweeps, 47 aphids; in field near Veteran's Hospital on Route 10^ — 50 sweeps, 107 aphids;
2 miles west of Chillicothe — 50 sweeps, $8 aphids; 2 1/8 miles west of Chillicothe — 50 sweeps, 179 aphids; south of city limits of Chillicothe— 50 sweeps, S3 aphids. (May 27): 1^ miles north of South Bloomfield — 52 aphids in 50 sweeps; 1 mile east of Circleville on State Route IBS — 130 aphids in 50 sweeps; south edge of Circleville on State Route 23 — 171 aphids in 50 sweeps; U miles south of Circleville on State Route
23 at Scippo Creek — 36O aphids; about 3 miles north of Chillicothe on State Route 10U at wooden bridge — 85 aphids in 50 sweeps; across from Veteran's Hospital on State Route 10U — 170 aphids in 50 sweeps; 2 miles west of Chillicothe on TJ. S. Route 50 — 172 aphids in 50 sweeps; ^ mile west of No. 7 — 1^2 aphids in 50 sweeps; south edge of city limits of Chillicothe — k^>G aphids in 50 sweeps.
Mississippi. C. Lyle (May 23): Infestations of I., pisi were observed
on English peas and sweetpeas near State College and Starkville on May 1 and 15.
California. R. E. Campbell (May lU) ; A 50-acre field of cannery peas in full bloom in Marin County was quite generally infested with the pea aphid, ranging from 3 or H to 200 per plant. Although a few syrphid larvae and numerous eggs were present, it was apparent that the infes- tation was building up and that »erious injury would be caused.
CABBAGE
IMPORTED CABBAGE WORM (Ascia rapae L. )
Virginia. H. G. Walker (May 25).' Cabbage worms are relatively scarce, although there are a few imported cabbage worms and a few larvae of the diamond-back moth (Plutella maculipennis Curt.) in some fields.
-130-
Mississippi. C. Lyle (May 23): Tho imported cabbage worn is causing severe injury in the Aberdeen district and is fairly abundant at State College and in the ticking section of Copiah and Lincoln Counties.
Washington. R. S. Lehnan (May): The cabbage butterfly is doing some damage to cabbage near 7/alla Walla. Cabbage plants are usually set out in the fall, but a fall freeze killed all the plants, making a spring setting of plants necessary; thus, greater damage "oy the cabbage butterfly is expected as the plants will nature late.
CABBAGE LOOPER (Autographa brassicae Riley)
Mississippi. L. J. Goodgane (May 23): The cabbage looper is unusually abundant in the Aberdeen district.
CABBAGE APE ID (Brevicoryno brassicae L.)
Virginia. H. G. Walker (May 25): The cabbage aphid is very abundant in sonc fields of cabbage and seed kale at Norfolk.
Tennessee. G. M. Bentley (May 6): The cabbage aphid is prevalent on young
cabbage plants in the western part of the State in the trucking counties, and particularly in Gibson County in the vicinity of Hunboldt. These plants were observed on May 6.
HARLEQUIN BUG (Murgantia hi,strionica Halm)
Virginia. L. W. Brannon (May 7) : Adults have been observed feeding on seed- kale plants in the field at Norfolk since March 31* The first eggs were found in the field on April 21. The date of energence and oviposi- tion is about normal.
Georgia. T. L. Bissell (May 12): Eggs were found in col lards today at Experiment.
Mississippi. C. Lyle and assistants (May 23): The harlequin cabbage bug
was abundant in the Aberdeen district and around Jackson. Only slight damage in southwestern Mississippi has been observed.
CABBAGE MAGGOT (Kylenyia brassicae Bouche)
Connecticut. N. Turner (May 23): Maggots reported to be much more abundant on cabbage in the Connecticut Valley than usual. Mature larvae were found May 22, snnewhat earlier than usual. Two fields of early cabbage showed heavy infestations and 50 percent loss.
New York. N. Y. State Coll. Agr. News Letter (May): The cabbage maggot is more injurious to crucifers on Long Island than it has been for several years. It is also injurious in Niagara and Onondaga Counties.
New Jersey. T. J. Headlee (May 21): The cabbage maggot has been unusually abundant this season, especially in the northern part of the State.
-131-
Pcnnsylvania. H. E. Hodgkiss (May 27): 'Infestations as a whole are rather light. On May 13 in Fayette County cabbage following a planting of turnips of 1935 was very heavily infested.
CABBAGE CURCULIO (Ceutorhynchus rapae Gyll.)
Ohio. T. H. Parks (May): Cabbage curculios were brought to the office with the statement that they were injuring cabbage near Cincinnati. This insect is rarely brought to our attention.
SQ.UASH
SQUASH BUG- (Anasa tristis DeG. )
Mississippi. D. W. Grimes (May 22): Squash bug found on squash at Durant and noticed generally in gardens on other plants.
Utah. G. F. Knowlton (May 19) : Squash bugs were active in the fields before squash seed was planted this season.
ONIONS
ONION THRIPS (Thrlps tabaci Lind.)
Virginia. H. G. Walker (May 25): Onion thrips are very abundant at Norfolk.
Florida. J. R. Watson (May 21): The onion thrips became so bad in Sarasota County on celery that the crop was harvested 10 days or 2 weeks before it would have otherwise been cut. Several fields of beans in Sarasota and Manatee Counties were also a total loss because of depredations of this thrips.
A BLISTER BEETLE (Meloe impressus Kby. )
Minnesota. A. G. Ruggles (May 22): M. impressus is damaging onions at Red Wing, in Goodhue County.
CARROTS
CARROT BEETLE (Ligyrus gibbosus DcG. )
Michigan. R. Hutson (May 20): The carrot beetle has been reported from Garden City.
North Carolina. C. A. Brannon (May 22): This species is causing considerable damage to carrots in Cumberland County.
STRAW3SRRY
STRAWBERRY WEEVIL (Anthonomus signatus Say)
Delaware. L. A. Stearns (May 13): Strawberry weevil particularly severe in infestations about the margins of plantings adjoining woodland at Bridgeville.
-132- ..
Pennsylvania. H. E. Hodgki3S (May 27) i A* signature is abundant in Union and York Count lefe, where it wiped out crops.
Michigan. R. Hutson (May 20): Strawberry weevil is abundant in the vicinity of St. Joseph.
A BEETLE (Diplotaxis atlantis Fall)
Connecticut. W. E. 3ritton (May 19): Moderate injury from D. atlantis on a 1-|â„¢ acre field at East Haven, where in one corner the leaves had been eaten by the adult beetles. Adult also received from New Haven.
STRAWBERRY LEAE ROLLER (Ancylis comptana Fro el.)
Missouri. L. Haseman (May 23): The strawberry leaf roller is abundant and was doing much damage in some patches in central Missouri from May 10 to 20.
Nebraska. M. H. Swenk (May 20): A. comptana reported damaging strawberry plants in Gage County on May 18.
Colorado. G. M. List (May 22): Larvae were very numerous in two plantings of strawberries at Grand Junction on May S and an occasional moth was flying. The larvae were mostly in the second instar.
STRAY/BERRY CROWN BORER (Synanthedon bibiopennis Bdv. )
Oregon. D. C. Mote (April): W. D. Edwards reports that in the Willamette Valley S. bibiopennis left their winter cells and began feeding on April 25.
EIELD CRICKET (Gryllus assimilis Fab.)
Missouri. L. Haseman (May 23): Black field crickets are very abundant in central and northern Missouri, injuring ripe strawberries badly.
PEPPER
PEPPER WEEVIL (Anthonomus eugenii Cano)
Florida. J. R. Watson (May 21): Three light infestations have been found in Manatee County. The two most severe of these were due to a small planting of hot peppers, which was missed last summer during the clean- up campaign.
SPINACH
A GELECHIID ( Gnor imo schema chenopodiella Busck)
Michigan. R. Hutson (May 20): Adults are numerous in spinach plantings at Lake Odessa.
-133-
RHUBATB RHUBARB CURCULIO (Ltxus concavus Say) Michigan. It. Hutson (May 20): Reported frc» Kalaiaazoo, Flint, and Birmingham.
Indiana. J. J. Davis (May 23): The rhubarb curculio has been reported from several central-Indiana localities as appreciably damaging rhubarb.
BEETS
BEET LEAFHOPPER (Eutettix tenellus Bak. )
Montana. J. R. Douglass and D. E. Eox (April) : Surveys in the Billings
beet-growing district from April 20 to 23 revealed that a small number of females of E. tenellus survived the past winter in that district and that some of the host plants had germinated the previous fall. The surviving adults were found near Billings and Warden, practically in the center of the district where the curly-top disease of sugar beets was most prevalent in 193^ c"n(i 1335* The fact that even a few individuals can survive winter conditions in the Billings district is of great importance, as it demonstrates the ability of this pest to survive a moderately severe Montana winter and shows at least a temporary extension of this insect's range.
Utah. G. F. Knowlton (May 19): Beet leafhoppers survived in reasonable abundance again in the Grant sville-Timpie area of Tooele County.
TOBACCO
TOBACCO PLEA BEETLE (Epitrix parvula Fab.)
North Carolina. C.'H. Brannon (May 15): Flea beetle injury to newly set tobacco is very severe in eastern North Carolina.
COTTON INSECTS
BOLL WEEVIL (Anthonomus grand is Boh.)
South Carolina. F. F. Bondy (May): Emergence of the boll weevil at Florence has been much lighter than usual.
Mississippi. D. W. Grimes (May 22): One specimen was found on cotton in Leake County on May 19.
Louisiana. R. C. Gaines (May): The boll \7eevil emerged in much fewer numbers than usual at Tallulah this year.
Oklahoma. C. F. Stiles (May): The emergence of the boll weevil has been lighter than usual at Eufaula.
Texas. R. W. Moreland (May): Emergence has been about normal or a little above normal at College Station.
-13^~
K. P. Ewing and R. L. McGarr (May 9): All indications are that there are more boll weevils in the field 'this year than for the last 3 years. More weevils have been collected from the flight screens and more have been observed from plant inspections than previously. During the^ week ended May 9, three weevils were found on the flight screens and three were foundry inspection of 5,800 plants in 2H fields in Calhoun County. Inspections were made May 8 in 5 fields in the Guadalupe River bottom at Victoria. Eight weevils were found on 1,600 plants in this area or an average of 0.45 per 100 plants.
F. L. Thomas (May 29): Boll weevils were found on 15 of 35 farms examined along the coastal plain last week. They were most abundant in Do Witt, Goliad, and Refugio Counties.
COTTON LEAF WORM (Alabama argillacea Hbn.)
Texas. K. P. Ewing and R. L. McGarr (May l6) : The first leaf worm of the season was found on May 5 on a farm 1 mile south of Port Lavaca. The worm was about three-quarters grown. On May 15 seven leaf worms were found on a farm about 15 miles south of Port Lavaca.
BEET ARMYWORM (Laphygma oxigua Hbn.)
Arizona. T. P. Cassidy (May 2): A small area of seedling cotton in the Buckeye Valley was found by T. C. Barber to be infested on April 3°« This is the first occurrence of this insect on cotton reported this season. The first report in 1935 was on Ma7 2* Although the present infestation is small, it indicates that damage may be expected again this year.
COTTON APHIDS (Aphiidae)
South Carolina. F. E. Bondy and C. E. Rainwater (May l6): Alate and apterous females and nymphs of Aphis medicaginis Koch were found on cotton near Florence the past week. Some cotton plants were severely infested. The root aphids Trif idaphis phaseoli Pass., Anuraphis maidi-radicis Forbes, and Rhopalos iphum sp., were found on cotton during the week. Much cotton has been killed in some fields.
Texas. R. W. Moreland (May l6) : In places around College Station fairly heavy infestations of aphid, probably Aphis gossypii Glov., have developed.
K. P. Ewing and R. L. McGarr (May lb): Aphids, probably A. gossypii, have done considerable damage in Calhoun County. Many fields are heavily infested and in a few fields the stand of cotton has been destroyed.
COTTON FLEA HOPPER (Psallus seriatus Reut.)
Texas. F. L. Thomas (May 29): Of 35 farms examined last week in 12 counties along the coastal plain, 25 had infestations of the cotton flea hopper. The heaviest infestations were in Goliad, Jim Wells, and Victoria
-135-
Counties. Five of the farms had. sufficient infestations to warrant control.
i K. P. Swing and E. L. McGarr (May 2): Although' the seasonal emergence records at Port Lavaca are not complete, indications are that the peak Of emergence occurred from April 27 to 3°- Tne peak of emergence was ' approximately 3 weeks later than in 1935*
Mexico. C. S. Rude (May 19): Flea hoppers have, he en observed in several fields near Tlahualilo, hut there is no noticeable Aanage.
THRIPS (Thysanoptera)
South Carolina. P. .P. ..Bonfcand- C. P. Rainwater (May 20): Thrips are much more numerous now than a week ago and an appreciable infestation may . • "develop. The infestation is unusual, according to J. G.* Watts, as to the manner of infestation and the species causing it. The infestation is centered in the terminal bud, rather than on the small leaves, and ' the attacked buds resemble those stung by the boll weevil. Pour species have been found on cotton to date, namely,- Prankliniella f us ca Hinds, P. tritici Pitch, Thrips t abaci Lind. , and Sericothrips variabilis Beach. The last-named species is -responsible for 75 percent of the. total injury.
-.FOREST AND' SHADS-TREE INSECTS
CANKERWORMS (C-eometridae) â–
Rhode Island. A. S. Stene (May 28): Cankerworms are apparently abundant in places where they occurred last year.
Connecticut. P. Carman (May 19): Many cankerworms (Alsophila pometaria
Harr.) emerged in New Haven County and were feeding at' the time of the pink spray, May 5 to 7- Sprays applied at that time gave almost complete control. Shade and woodland trees are heavily infested in some localities.
ITew York. N. Y. State Coll. Agr. News Letter (May IS): Cankerworms are unusually numerous in Rockland County; especially in the Nyack area. They arc seriously injuring oaks, elms, and linden trees. In Dutchess County they are more numerous than last year.
New Jersey. T. J. Head lee (May 21): Cankerworms are abundant and causing considerable injury to forest trees and some shade and street trees in most of the northern ha, If of New Jersey. Pour species of worms arc present in. considerable numbers. These are A. pometaria, Paleacrita vernata Peck, Erannis tiliaria Harr. , and Ennomos subsignarius Hbn. The caterpillars are about half grown.
Pennsylvania. H. E. Hodgkiss (May 27): Pall and spring cankerworms are generally abundant.
-136^
New Jersey. T. L. Guyton (May 12): Cankerworms are numerous on apple and forest trees at Lebanon.
Ohio. T. H. Parks (May 25): Larvae of the fall cankerworm are defoliating 'many elms in western Ohio. The infestation extends as far east as Madison County, though the greatest injury is reported from Greene and Clark Counties. The outbreak is very spotted but some complete defoliation has already occurred, although the larvae are still less than half grown.
Michigan. R. Hutson (May 20): Spring and fall cankerworms are very abundant in the vicinity of Lansing, Grand Ledge, and Lake Odessa.
FOREST TENT CATERPILLAR (Malacosoma disstria Hbn.)
Vermont. H. L. Bailey (May 25): Forest tent caterpillars are very abundant in the southern and western parts of the State. Reports of heavy feeding during the week of May 18 came from Bonnirgton, Windsor, and Addison Counties. The first hatching from eggs was noted at Middlebury o'n May k. Apparently most larvae were in the third instar on May 22-23.
Connecticut. W. E. Britton (May 19): Observed a few caterpillars crawling on trunks of paper birch on my premises at New Haven.
Massachusetts, Connecticut, and New York. E. P. Felt (May 23): The forest tent caterpillar is locally abundant in western Massachusetts, in Connecticut, and in areas of New York adjacent to Massachusetts and Connecticut.
New Jersey. T. J. Headlee (May 21 ) : The forest tent caterpillar has been common but not injurious in wooded areas.
Minnesota. A. G. Ruggles (Hay 22): Very abundant in the Arrowhead district. On May 20 many were hatching, although none were beyond the second instar.
Mississippi. C. Lyle and assistants (May 23): Specimens were received from Wave land on May 1 with the report that they were defoliating fruit trees and roses. The heavy infestation which existed last month has about disappeared. So many caterpillars were then present that the grade of turpentine produced was considerably lowered.
Louisiana. T. E. Snyder (April): P. Wakeley reports that forest tent
caterpillars are defoliating several southern hardwood trees more or less severely. This condition is general from Slidell and Pearl River north through Talisheek and Bush to Bogalusa, and is more severe this season than in recent years.
Utah. G. F. Knowlton (May 20): Poplars and ash are being severely damaged in Washington County by the forest and apple tree tent caterpillar (Malacosoma sp.)
Washington. R. S. Lehman (May): The forest tent caterpillar is doing
considerable feeding on fruit trees, especially on prunes at Walla Walla.
-137- ..
BROWN-TAIL MOTH (Nygmia phaeorrhoea Don. )
Rhode Island. A. E. Stcnc (May 28) : A few nests of the crown-tail moth were found for the first time in over 10 years.
LEOPARD MOTH (Ze-azera -pyrina L.)
New York. E. P. Felt (May 23): The leopard moth is somewhat generally preva- lent though not usually abundant, in shade trees on western Long Island and in the vicinity of New York City.
A SCALE INSECT (Lecaniodiaspis pruinosa Hunter)
Colorado. G. M. List (May 22): This scale has been increasing on the elm and Cottonwood at Rocky Ford, until it is now doing considerable injury. The only report of this insect in the State comes from Otero County.
ASH
CARPENTER WORM (Prionoxystus robiniae Peck)
Nebraska. M. H. Swenk (May 20): Prom Saunders County on May 19 came an inquiry as to the control of the carpenter worm in ash trees.
BANDED ASH BORER (Neoclytus caprea Say)
Nebraska. M. H. Swenk (May 20): The banded ash borer was reported to be working in ash trees in Knox and Saunders Counties on May 15 and 19, respectively.
BEECH
WOOLLY BEECH APHID (Phyllauhis fagi L. )
Kentucky (May 26): Woolly beech leaf aphid very common on beeches in the vicinity of Lexington.
BIRCH
EUROPEAN BIRCH SAWELY (Penusa pumila Klug)
Connecticut. W. E. Britton (May 20): Adults observed on May 8 at Hamden. No eggs could be found in the leaves.
A BEETLE (Diplotaxis sp. )
Vermont. H. L. Bailey (May 25): Diplotaxis sp. had stripped foliage from young transplanted white "birch trees at East Haven in Essex County on May 20.
CATALPA
CATALPA SPHINX (Ceratomia catalpae Bdv.)
Mississippi. C. Lyle and assistants (May 23): A heavy infestation of the
-138-
catalpa sphinx is reported in the cities of Charleston and Grenada and in the vicinity of Laurel.
ELM
ELM LEAE BEETLE (Galerucella xanthome laena Schr.)
Vermont. H. L. Bailey (May 25): Adults in numbers reported to he emerging from hibernating quarters about houses at Windsor the first week in May.
California. H. C. Donohoe (April 28): Elm leaf beetles were observed on
April 26 to be causing serious damage to foliage in a planting of large elm trees near Fresno.
C. S. Morley (May k): Elm leaf beetle has been actively feeding on elm trees for the past 3 weeks in Kern County.
PIGEON TREMEX (Tremex columba L.)
ITorth Dakota. J. A. Munro (May IS): Pigeon tremex reported as common in elm trees at Crystal in Grand Porks County.
ELM BUD GALL (Dasyneura ulmea Pelt)
Nebraska. M. H. Swenk (May 20): Specimens of white elm twigs having
blasted and malformed buds caused by this small gall midge were received on April 2k from Douglas County.
MOURNING-CLOAK BUTTERFLY (Hamadryas antiopa L.)
Georgia. T. L. Bissell (May 13): The spiny elm caterpillar is present on elm in small numbers at Experiment.
EUROPEAN ELM SCALE (Gossyparia spuria Mod.)
Wisconsin. E. L. Chambers (May 20): The European elm scale is still restric- ted to less than a half dozen cities in southern Wisconsin. Drastic control campaigns were carried out in Madison and Milwaukee during March and April.
Colorado. G. M. List (May 22): The winter mortality of the European elm scale was comparatively low, with the result that there will be heavy infestations in most sections of the State where spraying was not done.
HACKBERRY
RA.CK3ERRY BUD GALL (Pachypsylla gemma Riley)
Nebraska. M. H. Swenk (May 20): Specimens of the hackberry bud gall on a branch from a hackberry tree were sent in from Dundy County on May 18.
-139-
LARCH
LARCH CASE BEARER (Coleophora laricella Hbn.)
New York. R. E. Horsey (May): Larch cape bearer is fairly numerous on Dahurian, European, American, Siberian, and Japanese larches at Rochester. They were feeding on the leaves en May 2, after a tempera- ture of about SO0 P., for a couple of days.
LINDEN
LINDEN BORER (Saperda vestita Say)
New York and New England. E. P. Eelt (May 23): The linden borer is locally injurious to young trees in southwestern New England and on Long Island.
LOCUST
LOCUST BORER (Cyllene robiniae Eorst.)
Oklahoma. E. A. Eenton (May 23): We have received requests for information on control of the locust borer.
MAPLE
A ROOT BORER (Prionus laticollis Drury)
New York. E. P. Pelt (May 23): Broad-necked Prionus grubs were found working abundantly in, the living roots of silver maples on Long Island.
GLOOMY SCALE (Chrysomphalus tenebricosus Comst.)
Mississippi. C. Lyle (May 23): A correspondent at Doddsville sent in maple twigs heavily infested with this scale on May 1.
OAK
AN OAK GALL (Andricus punctatus Bass.)
New Jersey. T. J. Headlee (May 21): The gouty ash gall seems to be increasing in abundance in the State and is causing some injury to oaks in several plant ings .
Pennsylvania. E. P. Pelt (May 23): The gouty oak gall was found to bo some- what abundant on oaks in the Philadelphia area.
AN APHID (Myzocallis walshii Monell) .
Georgia. T. L. Bissell (May 13): Oak aphids (M. walshii) are exceedingly abundant on oaks at Griffin.
-iHo-.
PINE
SOUTHERN FINE BEETLE (Dendroc tonus frontalis Zinn. )
Mississippi. H. Gladnoy (May 23): A large infestation of the southern pine "beetle was observed in Harrison County on May 12.
EUROPEAN PINE SHOOT MOTH (Rhyacionia bouliana Schiff.)
Connecticut. E. P. Felt (May 23): European pine shoot moth was found ex- tremely abundant in Mugho pines in Greenfield Hills.
A PINE NEEDLE MINER (paralechia pinifoliella Chamb.)
Massachusetts. E. P. Felt (May 23): The pine leaf miner was found somewhat prevalent on pitch pine at Belmont.
PITCH-MASS BORER (Parharmonia pini Kollicott)
Massachusetts. E. P. Felt (May 23): The pitch-mass "borer was somewhat prevalent in a white pine planting at Waban.
PINE BARK APHID (pineus strobi Htg.)
New York and New Jersey. E. P. Felt (May 23): Pine "bark aphid was reported on white pine in large numbers at Peekskill, N. Y. It was also reported present on white pine at West Orange, N. J.
Wisconsin. E. L. Chambers (May 20): Our white pine blister rust forces
are reporting the pine bark louse as being abundant on white and Norway pine throughout the northern part of the State.
PINE NEEDLE SCALE (Chionaspis pinifoliae Fitch)
Massachusetts. E. P. Felt (May 23): The pine leaf scale was extremely
abundant on pine at Stockbridge. This insect usually favors the Austrian pine.
Minnesota. A. G. Ruggles (May 22): Hatching at Wabasha and Fairmont on May 15. Very abundant.
Nebraska. M. H. Swenk (May 20): On May 13 a Cherry County correspondent reported that one of his Black Hills spruce trees was infested with the pine-leaf scale.
SCOTCH PINE SCALE (Toumeyella nunisraaticup Pettit & McDaniel)
Wisconsin. E. L. Chambers (May 20): The Scotch pine scale, while still
prevalent m northern Wisconsin jack pine forests, is apparently less ahundant than usual this spring. ' '
-lHi-
SPRUCE
SPRUCE MITE ( Parate t ro.nych.us uninf?uis Jacobi)
Connecticut . W. E. Britton (May 19); Leaves of spruce showed result of nite injury last season at Danielson, Hartford, and West Haven.
Pennsylvania. H. E. Hodgkiss (May 21): Spruce nite is very abundant in Franklin County.
WILLOW
WILLOW SAWFLY (Pteronidea ventralis Say)
Delaware. P. L. Rice (May f) : A heavy infestation of the slug was found on a willow tree at Georgetown.
EUROPEAN WILLOW BEETLE (Plagiodera versicolora Laich.)
Pennsylvania. R. M. Baker (May 11 ) : Adults and larvae are- abundant on willow at Camp Kill.
A WILL07/ SCALE (Chionaspis salicis-nigrae Walsh)
Minnesota. A. G. Ruggles (May 22): C. salicis-ni.grn.o observed in the south- western part of the State.
INSECTS AFFECTING GREENHOUSE
AND ORNAMENTAL PLANTS
A SAWFLY (Tenthredinidae)
Ohio. T. H. Parks (May): Specimens of sawfly larvae were received from
Versailles with the statement that they were infesting evergreens in that vicinity.
OYSTER-SHELL SCALE (Lcpidosaphes ulmi L.)
Indiana. J. J. Davis (May 23): Oyster-shell scale began hatching at Lafayette about May 20, nuch earlier than usual.
Minnesota. A. G. Ruggles (May): Oyster-shell scale is moderately abundant in Nicollet, Rice, Murray, Brown, Winona, and Ramsey Counties.
Utah. G. F. Knowlton (May 1?): Oyster-shell scale is damaging many shade and ornamental plants in northern Utah, plants often being killed by severe infestations. Serious injury to dogwood and horsechestnut were recently observed at Lo«;an.
-lU2-
ARBORVITAE
CEDAR BARK 3EETLE (Phloeo sinus dentatus Say)
New York. E. P. Pelt (May 23): Arborvitae twigs showing work of cedar "bark "beetle were received from Babylon, Long Island.
AZALEA
AZALEA SCALE (Eriococcus azaleae Const.)
Mississippi. C. Lyle and assistants (May 23): An infestation of the
azalea scale was found this nonth at Kosciusko but the source of the plants could not be determined. An infestation was also found in Bay St. Louis. On May 19 the scale was found for the first tine in the Durant district.
CRAPEMYRTLE
• CRAPEMYRTLE APHID (Myzocallis kahawaluokalani Kirk. )
Georgia. T. L. Bissell (May 17): The crapenyrtle aphid is very abundant on crapenyrtle at Griffin.
ELDER
AN APHID (Aphis' sanbucif oliae Pitch)
Mississippi. J. p. Kislanko (May 23): A heavy infestation on elder at
Hattiesburg, causing the leaves to turn yellow, was observed on May 2.
JUNIPER
JUNIPER WEBWORM (Dichoneris narginellus Pab.)
Pennsylvania. E. P. Felt (May 23): The juniper webworn was found to be injuring junipers in the Philadelphia district.
LILAC
LILAC BORER (Podosesia syrin.g;ae Harr. )
Michigan. R. Hutson (May 20): The lilac borer has been reported fron Flint.
MAGNOLIA
A CURCULIONID (priononerus calceatus Say)
Mississippi. H. Gladney (May 23): Several of these beetles were collected on a magnolia at Ocean Springs on May 9.
-1U3-
MAG-NOLIA SCALE (Neolccanium cornuparvun Thxto)
Maryland. E. N. Cory (April 15.) : Magnolia scale was found attacking magnolia at Poconoke City.
OLEANDER
HEMISPHERICAL SCALE (Saissetia hemisphacrica Targ. )
Mississippi. J. G-. Hester (May 23): Oleanders infested with this scale were found in Louisville on May 2.
ROSE
ROSE SAWFLY (Caliroa aethiops Fab.)
New Jersey. J. S. King (May 10): Adults of the European rose slug were abundant in the late afternoon o'n rose leaves at Riverton. Larvae were also present in all stages up to 5/16 inch in length on tea roses.
OBLIQUE-BANDED LEAF ROLLER (Cacoocia rosace ana Harr.)
Ohio. E. W. Mendenhall (May 22): 'The rose roller is quite "bad already in rose gardens in Columbus.
THRIPS (Thysanoptera)
Mississippi. C. Lyle and assistants (May 23): Numerous complaints of thrips on roses have "been received from various parts of the State, including Louisville, Coffeeville, Cleveland, Ocean Springs, and Jackson.
ROSE LEAF BEETLE (Nodonota puncticollis Say)
Maryland. J. A. Hyslop (May 30): Practically every "blossom of rose and
peony in my garden at Avanel is ruined by this "beetle. As many as hO beetles occur in a single peony flower and as many as 12 in a rose.
SPIREA
SPIREA APEID (Aphis spiraecola Fatch)
Maryland. E. N. Cory (May 6): Aphids taken on cpirea on April 5 at College Park were determined oy P. W. Mason as A. spiraecola*
VERBENA
CHRYSANTHEMUM LEAF MINER (Napomyza chrysanthemi Kowarz)
Mississippi. C. Lyle (May 23): Was causing considerable damage to verbena .leaves at State College on May 9«
INSECTS ATTACKING MAN AND
DOMESTIC ANIMALS
MAN
BUCK MOTH (Hemileuca maia Drury)
Texas. 0. G. Babcock (May 18): Oak leaf spiny caterpillar first appeared on live oaks 31 miles southeast of Sonora about April 1, but is now grown and about gone. Many cases of local poisoning have been reported. A few parasites are appearing this year.
BEDBUG (Cimex lectularius L.)
Indiana. J. J. Davis (May 23): Bedbugs have been reported from a number of localities in the State as abundant in hones and poultry houses.
Nebraska. M- H. Swenk (May 20): Conplaints of the infestation of houses by the bedbug were received from Dodge, Madison, Merrick, Custer, and Frontier Counties from April 21 to May 20.
Colorado. G. M. List (May 22): The hat bedbug (C. pilosellus Horv. ) has been brought in during the last 2 weeks from Greeley, Loveland, and Eort Collins. In all cases these were taken in dwellings and were con- fused with the common bedbug.
MOSQUITOES (Culicinae)
Delaware. D. MacCreary (May 3) J The peak of the flight of Aedes cant at or Coq. in Delaware City occurred on the above date.
Indiana. J. J. Davis (May 23): Mosquitoes have been quite annoying at Lafayette the past week.
Utah. G. E. Knowlton (May 19) : Mosquitoes have been very abundant and annoying in various parts of northern Utah near numerous ponds left by subsiding flood water along various streams and rivers.
Texas. H. E. Parish (May) ! Mosquitoes have not yet made their appearan in numbers to be of economic importance.
SANDFLIES (Culicoides spp.)
Delaware. D. MacCreary (May 12): Sandflies are very abundant and annoying in salt marshes near Odessa.
Georgia. J. 3. Hull (May 25): During the first 3 weeks of April sandflies, especially C. canithorax Hoff., were numerous around the marshes near Savannah. There was a marked decrease in the number of adults during th last week of April, indicating the end of the heavy spring emergence.
-lM-5-
Florida. F. C. Bishopp (May 2R): Reports fron the east coast of Florida show that sandflies were unusually bad in that locality during the entire winter and spring.
TICKS (Dernacontor spp.)
Massachusetts and Maryland. P. 0. Bishopp (May 25): The American dog tick (p. variabilis Say) is rapidly increasing in abundance in Maryland in the vicinity of Washington, D. C. This species is the carrier of the eastern form of Rocky Mountain spotted fever, and three cases of this disease have already been reported this season. Unusual abundance of the tick has been reported fron eastern Massachusetts.
North Dakota. J. A. Munro (May 18): Rocky Mountain wood tick (D. venustus Marx.) reported from Ami don (Slope County) by D. E. Lawrence. (Dot. by C. B. Philips.)
CATTLE
SCREW WORM (Cochlionyia anericana C. & P.)
General. P. C. Bishopp (May 25): Hibernation studies show that the primary screw worn fly overwintered as far north as Valdosta, G-a. , and Uvalde, Del Rio, Gonzales, and New Braunfels, Tex. With the coning of warmer weather the usual northward spread of the pest is taking place, infestations having been reported fron Menard and Sonera on about April 15, Round Mountain on May 8, and fron Adansville southward on May 21. Adults wore taken at Johnson City on May 8. No cases have been reported this season in Texas as far north as Dallas. The population in the vicinity of Uvalde built up rapidly during April. One ranchnan reported 120 infestations among his animals. By May 21 infestations had become quite numerous throughout the county.
H. E. Parish (May): G. anericana is quite active in Menard County, Tex. , and several collections of larvae have been made from the southern part of Kimble County. Practically all calves and lambs develop cases of myiasis. The first infestation of C. anericana at Menard was recorded May 8.
Puerto Rico. H. L. Dosier (May 25): On May 2, with the opening up of warmer weather, screw worms were becoming more active over the island. A number of cases were observed in the vicinity of Mayaguez.
STABLE PLY (Stomoxys calcitrans L.)
Texas. H. E. Parish (May): Stable flies are causing a great deal of annoyance to livestock in the vicinity of Menard.
A BLOWPLY (Phormia sp.)
Oklahoma. P. C. Bishopp (May 25): Eifty cases of myiasis occurring early in May in a number of dehorned cattle shipped into Oklahoma from Old Mexico
~iH6-
were reported. Upon investigation it was found that infestations were due to a species of Phormia, the "black blowfly.
HORNFLY (Haenatobia irritans L.)
Texas. A. W. Lindquist (April 30): The hornfly is becoming nore annoying at Uvalde than during the corresponding period last year.
H. E. Parish (April 10): Hornflies first observed on livestock at Menard. (April 30) : Plies quite abundant and causing annoyance to livestock.
HORSE
A BUFFALO GNAT (Simulium sp.)
Kentucky. W. A. Price (May 26): Buffalo gnats appeared in the tradewater
section of Y/ebster, Crittenden, and Caldwell Counties during the latter part cf April and early in May, killing about 100 animals, mostly horses, mules, and cattle.
Tennessee. New York Times (News Items) (May 7): Dense swarms of Buffalo
gnats, bred during high-water stages this spring, appeared last Sunday and killed Uo horses and mules in the past few days in Shelby County, officials reported today.
SHEEP
SHEEP KED (Melophagus ovinus L. )
Texas. 0. G. Babcock (May 19): This wingless hypoboscid fly is rather
numerous this season on sheep and goats at Sonora, Ozona Junction, in the ranch country in western Texas. This parasite has been introduced many times from the Northern States and is now becoming established, or acclimated to this hot climate. Usually it lets up during the hot season but increases as the cooler weather comes on. Complaints are becoming more numerous.
H. E. Parish (May): Sheep ticks are very abundant on several flocks of sheep in the vicinity of Menard.
POULTRY
TROPICAL RAT MITE (Liponyssus bacoti Hirst)
Mississippi. C. Lyle (May 23): Specimens of this mite were received from a correspondent at Raymond on April 22. They were causing considerable trouble.
-1^7-
DOGS
FOLLICLE MITE (Demodox folliculorun Simon)
Mississippi. C. Lyle (May 23): An infestation on a dog was found at West point on May 12.
HOUSEHOLD AND S T 0 P E D ~ P P ODUCTS INSECTS
TEPMITES (Reticulitermes spp.)
Phode Island. A. E. Stone (May 28): Several complaints of termite prevalence have "been sent in.
Connecticut. N. Turner (May 23): Eleven samples of winged termites, P.
flavipes Kol., received and Ul infested buildings examined during the past month. Reexamination of "buildings shielded with copper shows no reentry of termites.
New York. P. E. Horsey (May 13): Termites reported on May 13 to have
seriously damaged old shoring of wood left in the ground around the •foundations of "a modern office "building at Pochester.
Delaware. L. A. Stearns (May 12): Specimens of damaged wood fencing received from Leipsic.
Pennsylvania. H. E. Hodgkiss (May 27): More than the usual number of requests for assistance in controlling termites are being received.
West Virginia. L. M. Peairs (Hay 23): In a load of apparently fresh manure hauled in for garden use in Morgantown, winged forms of termites emerged in large numbers within a week of its delivery (about April 3) and continued to emerge for at least 6 days. Examination showed many workers, apparently in good condition* notwithstanding the disturbance to which they had been subjected. As late as May 15 the remnants of the manure heap wore examined and 'workers were still to bo found, possibly surviving individuals or a colony.
Ohio. E. W. Mendenhall (May l): P. flavipes quite bad in somo of the old houses in Summer ford, Madison County,
Indiana. J. J. Davis (May 23): The usual enormous number of inquiries about termites have been received. Over 100 specific requests have been received since January.
Michigan. P. Hutson (May 20): Peports of termite damage have been received from Holland, Coldwater, Jackson, and Grand Rapids.
Tennessee. G. M. Bentley (April IS): Termites continue to be destructive in all parts of the State.
UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
, illiliillll
-146'" 3 1262 09244 6755
Nebraska. M. H. Swenk (May 20): Reports of damage to houses Uy g. jfbialis Bks. wore received from Buffalo and Dawes Counties, during the las* month. This is the first report in Nebraska from as far northwest as Dawes County.
Oklahoma. F. A. Fenton (May 23): k large part of our correspondence deals with the question of tornite control.
ANTS \ Formic idt e)
Virginia. H. G. Walker (May 25): What appears to he the. pavement ant
(Tetramorium caespitum L.) is causing severe injury to many eggplants in the Norfolk district. She ants hark t: e stems of the plants "below ground, causing them to die.
Indiana. J. J. Davis (May 23): Ants have "been frequently reported as ahun- dant in lawns generally over the State.
Minnesota. C. Lyle (May 22): Ants in many forms are very ahundant.
Nehraska. M. H. Swenk (May 20): Complaints of peonies heing infested with ants were received from Dawson, Greeley, and Redwillow Counties. From Frontier County came the complaint of the common Harvester ant (Pogonomyrmex occidental is Cress.) working in a garden*.
PEA WEEVIL (Bruchus pisorum L.)
North Dakota. J. A. Munro (May 18): An infestation of pea weevil in stored seed peas at Lelth, Grant County, was found on April 11.
California. R. E. Cunpheel (May lU): Adults were numerous in a field of cannery peas in Marin County. In numerous small pods, some of them not more than 2 inches long, it was difficult to find a single pod on which there were no eggs, and many of them had 10 or 12.
BROWN SPIDER BEETLE (Ptinus hrunneus Dufts.)
Connecticut. W. E. Britton (May 19): Millions of these "beetles were reported as infecting grain and grafn hags in New Britain.
Ohio. T. H. Parks (May 19): Specimens were received from Ross and Auglaize Counties with the statement that they were infesting houses.
LARDER BEETLE (Dermestes lardarius L.)
Minnesota. A. G. Ruggles (May 22): The larder heetle is ahundant on meat at Saint Charles in 7/inona County.
ANGOUMO
IS GRAIN MOTH (Sitotroga' cerealella 01 iv.)
Indiana. J.J.Davis (May 23): More than the usual numher of inquiries have he received regarding infestation of Angoumois grain moth in seed corn ana popcorn. Most of the inquiries refer to corn held over the second year in the southern half of the State.