WALKER, FRANCIS
INSECTA BRITANNICA:
DIPTERA
VOL II 1853

ZIW

C.I

BMED

BRITISH ENTOMOLOGY.

Under the immediate sanction of the PRESIDENT and COUNCIL of the
ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON will be published a Series of Works
on British Entomology, to be entitled

INSECTA BRITANNICA.

The object of this series of publications is to supply the Entomologist,
and the Scientific Public in general, in the first place, with works descriptive
of those orders and families of the Insects of the United Kingdom, which
have not hitherto been fully treated of by British authors, and afterwards, to
revise what has already been published, introducing all the new discoveries,
and making such alterations in the nomenclature as the present state of
Entomological Science requires, so that ultimately a complete and uniform
Series of Works on British Entomology may be produced.

In order to render these works as popular and instructive as possible,
general information on the habits and economy of the species will be intro-
duced as far as practicable.

The necessity of such a series of Entomological publications, to complete
the great chain of works on the Natural Productions of this country, will
be evident to all interested in the history of our native Fauna, and should
secure their support.

Mode of Publication.

The only method of bringing this object to a successful issue is to publish
by Subscription ; and it is therefore intended to commence with the following
limited series of five volumes : —

Vol. I. DIPTERA ; by F. WALKER, Esq., F.L.S.

Vol. II. Continuation of the DIPTERA ; by F. WALKER, Esq., F.L.S.

Vol. III. MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA; by H. T. STAINTON, Esq., Sec. Ent. Soc.

Vol. IV. HEMIPTERA and HOMOPTERA; by W. S. DALLAS, Esq., F.L.S.

Vol. V. Completion of the DIPTERA; by F. WALKER, Esq., F.L.S.

One volume will be published annually, complete in itself, containing from
three hundred to three hundred and twenty octavo pages of letter-press, with
eight to ten plates, illustrative of the Genera, and will be delivered free at
any place in London where the subscribers may direct.

The Subscription for the first five volumes will be £4 10^., being at the
rate of 18«y. per volume, to be paid annually on its delivery.

The price of each volume to the public will be 25*.

The Series will be under the superintendence of a Committee consisting of
THE PRESIDENT OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
THE SECRETARIES OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
WILLIAM SPENCE, Esq., F.R.S., F.L.S., etc.
3. F. STEPHENS, Esq., F.L.S., etc.
W. W. SAUNDERS, Esq., F.L.S., etc.

LOVELL REEVE, Henrietta Street, Covent Garden.

INSECTA BRITANNIC A.

D I P T E R A

VOL. II.

FRANCIS WALKER, F.L.S.

LONDON :
LOVELL REEVE, HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN.

1853.

JOHN F.DWAED TATLOB, PBINIKR,
LITTLB QUEEN BTBBBT, LINCOLN'S IMN FIBLD8,

PREFACE.

THE second volume of DIPTERA of "Insecta Britannica" com-
prises the latter part of the Brackycera, with the Hypocera and
the Eproboscidea. In the BracJiycera two families are described,
the Muscida and the (Estrida, and the former is divided into
sixteen subfamilies. Upon closely examining the little-studied
families contained in this volume, the number of species has been
found very much greater than was anticipated, and, as we are
limited to a certain number of pages, only a portion of the
species could be given. The British Diptera seem to be as
numerous as those of Scandinavia, which Zetterstedt, in his ela-
borate work, occupied eleven volumes in describing. The sub-
families above mentioned are here briefly noticed. The Myopides
and the Sarcophagides are mostly described. In the Tachinides about
half the British species of Tachina are omitted. The species of
this genus are very numerous, and require all their characters to
be fully detailed, in order to identify them with certainty, and the
omission of a precise notice of a single part of the structure is
sufficient to cause a doubt as to the species. The greater part of
the Muscides, and about half the Decides are described ; but the
Anthomyides in this volume probably do not exceed one-fourth of
the British species. Many species of Helomyzides, Lauxanides,

IV PREFACE.

Ortalides, Oscinides and Psilides are unnoticed ; but the Seasides
omitted are for the most part mere varieties. The Borborides
and the Hydromyzides are more complete, and are copied from
Mr. Haliday's excellent descriptions of the genera and species of
those tribes. The Geomyzides and the Phytomyzides are mostly
passed over ; but the (Estrida, the Hypocera, and the Eproboscidea
are rather fully detailed. Mr. Westwood has again prepared ten
plates for this volume, Mr. Haliday's state of health having
prevented his contributing the illustrations of the wing-veins of
Diptera.

FRANCIS WALKER.

December, 1853.

EXPLANATION OF THE CONTRACTIONS IN THE
REFERENCES.

Ahr., et Ahreiis Fn. — Ahrens, Fauna

Insectorum Europse.
Bigot. — Bigot, Annales de la Societe

Entomologique de la France, Serie 2.
Bjerkander. — Bjerkander, Kongl. Sven-

ska Vetenskaps Academiens Hand-

lingar.
Blanch. — Blanchard, Histoire Natu-

relle des Insectes.

Boh. — Bohemann, Kongl. Svenska Ve-
tenskaps Academiens Handlingar.
Boie. — Boie, Entomologische Zeitung.
Bouche Naturg. — Bouche, Naturge-

schichte der Insekten.
Clark, CEstr. et (Estrid. ; L. T.— Clark,

Essay on the Bots of Horses, etc. ;

Transactions of the Lmnsean Society

of London.
Coq.et Coqueb. — Coquebert, Elustratio

Iconographica Insectorum, etc.
Curt. B. E. — Curtis, British Entomo-
logy.

De Brebisson. — De Brebisson.
D. G. I. et Ins.— De Geer, Insectes, etc.
Desv. et Dvd. E. M.; Rev. et Mag.

Zool. — Desvoidy, Essai sur les Myo-

daires; Revue et Magazin de Zoo-

logie.
Don. — Donovan, Natural History of

British Insects.
Doumerc. — Doumerc, Annales de la

Societe Entomologique de France.
Dumeril et Dumr. H. N. — Dumeril,

Dictionnaire Nouveau de 1' Histoire

Naturelle.
F., Fb., et Fabr. S. I., et Sp. I., et Sp. i.,

E. S. sppl., et Suppl. ; S. A. — Fabri-

cius, Species Insectorum ; Entomo-

logia Systematica, Supplement ; Sy-
stema Antliatorum.

Fal. Act. Holm. ; Msc. et Muse. ; Rhiz.;
Scat. ; Sciom. ; Helom. ; Heterom. ;
Ortal. ; Ochtid. ; Opomyz. : Oscinid. ;
Geom. ; Agromyz. ; Phytomyz. ;
Hydr. — Fallen, Acta Holmise ; Mus-
cides ; Rhizomata ; Scatomyzides ;
Sciomyzides ; Helomyzides ; Hete-
romyzides ; Ortalides ; Ochtidese ;
Opomyzides ; Oscinides ; Geomy-
zides; Agromyzides; Phytomyzides;
Hydromyzides.

Fischer. — Fischer von Waldheim; Pro-
gramme.

Frisch. — Frisch, Beschreibung von al-
lerlei Insecten in Deutschland.

Fuessly, Verz. — Fnessly, Verzeichniss,
etc.

Geoff. Ins. — Geoffroy, Histoire des In-
sectes.

Germ. — Germar, Insectorum Species
Novse, etc.

Gmel. — Gmelin, Linn. Sy sterna Nar
turae, ed. 13.

Guer. — Guerin, Iconographie du Regue
Animal.

Hal. E. M. et Ent. Mag. ; A. N. H. ;
D. B. et Ins. Brit. Dipt.— Haliday,
Entomological Magazine ; Annals of
Natural History ; Insecta Britannica,
Diptera.

Hardy, Proc. Berw. Nat. Club. —
Hardy, Proceedings of the Berwick-
shire Naturalists' Club.

Har. I. — Harris, Exposition of English
Insects.

Hbst. — Herbst, Archiv der Insecten-
geschichte, etc.

VI

CONTRACTIONS.

Herm. Mem. Apt. — Hermann, Me-
moire Apterologique.

Hoffm. et Hoff. — Hoffmansegg in
Meigen.

Kby. et Kirby. — Kirby, Introduction
to Entomology.

Lam. — Lamarck, Animaux sans Ver-
tebres.

Latr. G. C. et Gen. ; H. N. et H. N. I.;
Prec. Car. Gen. — Latreille, Genera
Crustaceorum et Insectorum ; His-
toire Naturelle des Insectes ; Precis
des Caracteres, etc.

Lea. (Estrid. Ins. ; Eprobosc. Ins. et
Eproboscid. Ins. ; Enc. Brit. ; Suppl.
Enc. Brit. ; Zool. Misc. — Leach, on
Eproboscideous Insects, etc. ; Ency-
clopaedia Britannica and Suppl. ; the
Zoological Miscellany.

Leon Duf. — Leon Dufour, Annales des
Sciences Naturelles; Annales de la
Societe Entomologique de France.

L. Fn. et F. S. ; S. N. ; I. Westrog.—
Linnaeus, Fauna Suecica ; Sy sterna
Naturae; Reisen durch Ost- Goth-
land.

Loew. — Loew, Entomologische Zei-
tung.

Macleay. — Macleay, Horse Entomolo-
gicae.

Mcq. H. et H. N. D. ; A. S. E. F.,
Ser. 2. — Macquart, Histoire Natu-
relle des Insectes Dipteres ; Annales
de la Societe Entomologique de la
France, Serie 2.

Meg. — Megerle in Meigen.

Meig. Kl. ; Zw. ; Illig. Mag. — Meigen,
Klassificaziou, etc. ; Zweifliigeligen
Insckten ; Illiger's Magazin.

Mont. — Montague, Transactions of the
Linnacan Society of London.

Newin. E. M. — Newman, Entomologi-
cal Magazine.

Nitzsch. — Nitzsch, Germar's Magazin

Olfers.— Olfers, De Vegetativis et Ani-
matis Corporibus in corporibus ani-
matis reperiundis Commentarius.

Oliv. — Olivier, Encyclopedic Metho-
dique.

Pz., Panz., et Panzer, Fn. — Panzer,
Fauna Insectorum Germanise.

Reaum. — Reaumur, Insectes, etc.

Ross, et Rossi, Fn. Etrusc. — Rossi,
Fauna Etrusc.

Schaeff. Ic. — Schaeffer, Icones Insecto-
rum.

Schell. G. M. — Schellenberg, Genres
des Mouches.

Schr. F. B. ; I. A.— Schranck, Fauna
Boica : Insecta Austriee.

Scop. E. C. — Scopoli, Eutoinologia
Carniolica.

St. — Stephens, Systematic Catalogue
of British Insects.

Staeg. — Staeger in Zetterstedt.

Stenh. — Stenhammer, Kongl. Svenska
Vetenskaps Academiens Nya Hand-
lingar.

Sulz. — Sulzer, Geschichte der Insekten.

Voigt. — Voigt, etc.

Walk. — Walker, Entomological Maga-
zine.

Westw. Class, et Cl., et Class. Ins. —
Westwood, Classification of Insects.

Wied. Zm. et Zool. Mag. — Wiedemanu
(in Meig.), Zoologische Magazin.

Winnertz . — Winnertz, Entomologi sche
Zeitung.

Zett. I. L. ; D. S. et D. Sc.— Zetter-
stedt, lusecta Lapponica; Diptcra
Scandiuaviae.

INSECTA BRITANNICA.

DIPTERA.

BRACHYCERA. (See Vol. I. p. 8
FAMILY XXVII. M U S C I

MUSCID.E p., Latr. G. C. (1809) ; Lam. ; St. ; Curt. ; Westvv. Musca
p., L. Muscides p. et Stomoxydes, Fal. ; Meig. Sarcostoma p.,
Dumr. CJietoloxce p., Durar. Myodaria p., Durar. Dichala, Atlieri-
cera p., Mcq. ; Zett. Muscidce et Stomoxydce> Lea. Muscides, Mcq.
Muscidii, Bigot.

Caput sat magnum. Oculi subtus genis inclusi. Proboscis distincta.

Antennarum articuli apicales aristam fingentes, articuli tertii clorso

insertam. Alee confertaB, rarissime abortive ; vena cubitalis simplex ;

vena spuria apud venas brachiales nulla ; lobus axillaris rotundatus.

Head large ; proboscis distinct ; eyes below bounded by the cheeks ;
last joints of antennae forming a slender arista, attached to the third
joint on its upper edge. Wings perfect, very rarely abortive ; cubital
vein simple; brachial veins without spurious vein; axillary lobe
rounded. Halteres of some hidden, of others uncovered.

The Muscida are the most remarkable of the families of Diptera,
on account of their very numerous groups, species, and individuals,
of their extensive variation of structure, and of their great import-
ance in the economy of nature. The nomenclature of some parts
of their structure requires a short explanation. Thefrons extends
from the hind part of the head to the base of the antennae, and
occupies the space between the eyes ; its hinder part is the vertex,
before which are the ocelli; its fore part contains \k& frontalia,
which are dark -coloured, and more or less linear ; in some cases

VOL. II. B

MUSCID^E.

they are partly or wholly divided by the triangular interfrontalia.
The ptillnum is a soft membrane, which in many species, and espe-
cially in the newly-hatched flies, appears between the antennae
and the front, and is alternately projected and withdrawn. The
fades extends from the base of the antennae to the epistoma ; its
middle part contains two f ovens, in which the antennae rest; its
lateral borders are the facialia, and are frequently setigerous.
The mediana are two triangular parts between the facialia and the
optica, or borders of the eyes, a little above the lateral borders of
the peristoma. The lateralia are beyond them, and on the lower
sides of the peristoma. The third joint of the antennae attains
its maximum of development in the leading groups of this family,
and may be the organ of smell ; it is perforated on its inner side
in the larger Tachinides. The fourth, fifth, and sixth joints form
the arista, or bristle ; the fourth and fifth are obsolete in most
genera. In the wings the flexure of the praebrachial vein is gene-
rally a characteristic of the Tachinides and of the Muscides which
have the most powerful flight. The radial vein springs from the
mediastinal vein, near the humeral" trans verse vein. The cubital
vein springs from the radial near its base, and is connected with
the praebrachial before one-third of its length by a thick slightly
oblique transverse vein. The pobrachial vein springs like the
praebrachial and the anal from the intermediate axis, near which
it is connected with them by two transverse veins. The distance
of the discal transverse vein from the border is measured on the
continuation of the pobrachial vein. The anal vein is almost
obsolete soon after its junction with the pobrachial. The subanal
vein springs from the intermediate axis.

Some species are insectivorous, many are parasitic in the larva
state, the rest feed on living or decaying animal or vegetable
matter. The species will form two divisions : —

Alulae distinct 1. CALYPTER^.

Alulae indistinct or none 2. ACALYPTER^I.

Alulae distincta.—Div. 1. CALYPTER^E.

The Caly pierce are generally also distinguished by their comparatively
large size, compact bodies, dark or metallic bodies, and frequently by
the development of the fourth and fifth joints of the antennae or the
basal joints of the arista.

Calypterata p., et Mesomyda, Desv. Creophylae et Anthomyzid(B> Latr. ;
Mcq. Caly pierce, Meig.

ZODION. 3

They comprise the following subfamilies : —

a. Head vesiculose. 1. MYOPIDES.
a a. Head not vesiculose.
b. Alulae large.
c. Thorax short.
d. Legs moderate.

e. Arista bare, pubescent, or plumose at the base. 2. TA-

CHINIDES.

e e. Arista plumose to the tip. 5. MUSCIDES.
d d. Legs long. 3. DEXIDES.
c c. Thorax long. 4. SARCOPHAGIDES.
b b. Alulae moderate or small. 6. ANTHOMYIDES.

SUBFAMILY 1. MYOPIDES.

Myopa, F. Conopsaria p., Fal. ; Meig. Conopida p., Lea. ; St. ; Westw.
Myoparice, Mcq. ; Zett. Qccemydae, Desv. Myopidce, Bigot.

Caput vesiculosum. Proboscis longa, gracilis. Alula parvee. Abdo-
men cylindricum, subtus apice recurvum.

Head vesiculose ; front broad. Proboscis long, slender. Arista dor-
sal. Wings small ; costal vein ending at the tip of the wing ; sub-
costal vein ending at a little before half the length of the fore border ;
mediastinal vein ending at a little beyond half the length of the fore
border; radial vein ending at about two-thirds of the length of the
fore border ; cubital vein undulating, ending at a little in front of the
tip of the wing ; praebrachial vein forming an obtuse angle at its junc-
tion with the discal transverse vein, joining the costal vein at very little
in front of the tip of the latter ; discal transverse vein straight, its dis-
tance from the hind border one-fourth or one-half of its own length ;
axillary and subaxillary veins united at some distance from the border ;
anal vein not reaching the border. Alula small. Abdomen cylindrical,
recurved beneath at the tip. Legs stout.

The species are probably parasites of other insects. The two
British genera may be thus divided : —

C one joint 1. ZODTON.

Proboscis with <

(.two joints 2. MYOPA.

Genus I. ZODION.

ZODION, Latr. G. C. iv. (1809) ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Desv. ; Germ.; Westw.;
Zett. Myopa p., F. ; Fal.

Caput subglabrum. Os nudum. Proboscis basi geniculata. Antennas

4 MUSCIDjE.

porrectse, subdeflexse, capite paullo breviores ; articulus primus cylin-
dricus ; secundus et tertius longitudine aequales, hie ovatus, ille cla-
vatus. Alae parallels, incumbentes. Ungues et onychia mediocria.
Head almost smooth. Mouth bare. Proboscis geniculate at the base.
Antenna porrect, slightly deflexed, a little shorter than the head ; second
and third joints of equal length, second clavate, third oval. Wings
parallel, incumbent. Ungues and onychia of moderate size.

1. cinereum, F. E. S. iv. 399. 9 (1794); Fal.; Meig.; Mcq. ;
Germ. ; Zett. — tibialis, F. — conopsoides, Latr. — notatum, Meig. ; Mcq. ;
Zett. — irrorata, F. — tessellata, F. Nigrum, cinereo-tomentosum, capite
albo-flavo vertice fusco, antennis articulo tertio nonnunquam subtus
fulvo, thorace^vdttis quatuor abdomineque maculis nigro-fuscis, alis sub-
cinereis basi hyaliriis, halteribus flavis, genubus fulvis. Long. 2^-3 ;
alar. 4-5 lin.

Black, with cinereous tomentum. Head whitish-yellow; vertex
brown. Third joint of the antennae occasionally tawny beneath. Tho-
rax with four stripes, and abdomen with spots of a dark brown colour.
Wings slightly grey, colourless at the base. Halteres yellow. Knees
tawny.

Not common. (E.)

Genus II. MYOPA.

MYOPA, Latr. G. C. iv. (1809) ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Desv. ; Westw. ; Zett.
Conops p., L. ; F. ; Pz. ; Fal. Sicus p., Scop. Myopa p., F. ; Meig.
Kl. ; Fal.

Proboscis basi medwque geniculata. Antenna porrectae ; articulus primus

cylindricus ; secundus clavatus basi compressus ; tertius brems. AJse

incumbentes, parallels.

Proboscis geniculate at the base and in the middle. Antenna porrect ;
first joint cylindrical ; second clavate, compressed at the base ; third
short. Wings incumbent, parallel.

The species may be thus grouped : —

a. Body ferruginous. Third joint of the antennae not more than half

the length of the second. Discal transverse vein at the distance

of half its length from the hind border.
b. Wings spotted.

c. Transverse veins not clouded. Species 1 .

c c. Transverse veins clouded. Species 2.
b b. Wings not spotted.

c. Abdomen ferruginous. Species 3.

c c. Abdomen black. Species 4.

a a. Body black. Third joint of the antennas a little shorter than the
second. Discal transverse vein at the distance of one-fourth of its
length from the hind border. Species 5.

MYOPA. 5

1. bnccata, L. P. S. 1905 (1761) ; Scop. ; F. ; Pz. ; Pal. ; Meig. ;
Mcq. ; Zett. Ferruginea, capite antice subtusque albido, vertice fusco-
notato, thoracis disco nigro vittis duabus canis, alls subci'.iereis antice
subfuscis maculis tribus hyalinis, abdomine basi nigro apicem versus
cano-toraentoso. Long. 3-3| ; alar. 6-7 lin.

Pale ferruginous. Head whitish in front and beneath ; vertex with
some brown spots. Proboscis piceous. Disc of the thorax black, with
two hoary stripes. Wings slightly grey, pale brown toward* tlie fore
border \ with three hyaline spots in tJte disc. Halteres pale, testaceous.
Abdomen black at the base, covered with hoary tomentum towards the
tip.

Not rare. (E.)

2. testacea, L. S. N. 11. 1006. 11 (1763) ; F.; Gmel. ; Pz. ; Fal. ;
Latr. ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett. Ferruginea, capite supra fusco-maculato
antice et subtus albo, thoracis disco nigro cano-bivittato, alls subcinereis
basi siibflavis, venis transversis nigro-fusco nebulosis, abdominis lateribus
tomento cano maculatis. Long. 3-4^ ; alar. 6-9 lin.

Ferruginous. Head with some brown spots above; white and
clothed with white hairs in front and beneath. Proboscis piceous.
Palpi testaceous. Antennae paler towards the tips. Disc of the thorax
black, with two hoary stripes. Wings pale grey, slightly yellowish at
the base and along the adjoining part of the fore border ; transverse veins
clouded with blackish-brown. Sides of the abdomen with spots of hoary
tomentum, which forms a band near the tip.

Common. (E. S.)

3. ferruginea, L. F. S. 1907 (1761); F.; Gmel.; Fal.; Latr.;
Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett. ; Pz. ! Fn. xxii. 24>.—dorsalis, F. ; Meig. ; Fal. ;
Latr. ; Zett. — ephippium, F. — -fasciata, Meig. ; Mcq. — testacea, F. S. I ;
Gmel.— grandis, Meig.; Geoff.; Schell. G. M. pi. 20. f. 1, 2. Ferru-
ginea, capite albo vertice luteo, thorace nigro-trivittato, alis subcinereis
basi flavis antice et apud venas subfuscis, abdomine longo lateribus to-
mento cano-maculatis. Long. 5^-6 ; alar. 9-10 lin.

Ferruginous. Head pale, luteous above, with white tomentum be-
neath. Proboscis piceous. Antennae pale, ferruginous. Thorax with
three black stripes, the side pair short. Wings slightly grey, yellow at
the base, brownish in front and along the borders of the veins. Abdo-
men long ; third and following segments with hoary tomentum on each
side of the base.

Not rare. (E.)

4. fasciata, Meig. Kl. I. 286. 4 (1804); Ucc{.— ephippium, F.
Ferruginea, capite antice subtusque albido, thoracis disco nigricante,
alis subcinereis basi subflavis, abdomine supra nigro, apice maculisque
lateralibus cano-tomentosis. Long. 4 ; alar. 7 lin.

Ferruginous. Head whitish in front and beneath. Proboscis piceous.
Antennae paler towards the tips. Disc of the thorax blackish. Wings

6 MUSCID^.

pale grey, with a slight yellowish tinge at the base and along the ad-
joining part of the fore border. Halteres pale, testaceous. Abdomen
black above,, covered with hoary tomentum towards the tip, and with
spots of the same along each side.

Rare. In the late Mr. Stephens' s collection. (E.)

5. atra, F. E. S. iv. 397. 3 (1 1781) ; Pz. ; Fal. ; Meig. ; Mcq.; Zett.
— annulata, F. — -femorata> F. — tibialis, F. — cinerascens, Meig. — macu-
lata, Meig. — micans, Meig. — -pusilla (Meg.), Meig. — -fulvipes, Desv. ;
Mcq.; Meig.; Curt.! B. E. 677. Nigra, capite albido vertice fulvo,
antennarum articulo tertio subtus fulvo, alis subcinereis, abdominis
maculis utrinque apiceque cano-tomentosis. Long. 2-3 ; alar. 3£-5£
lin.

Black. Head tawny above the antennae, whitish in front and beneath.
Antennae with the third joint tawny beneath, except at the tip. Wings
pale grey. Halteres pale, testaceous. Abdomen covered, with hoary
tomentum at the tip, and with spots of the same along each side. Hind
femora tawny, black towards the tips.

Not rare. (E. S.)

SUBFAMILY 2. TACHINIDES.

Tachinaria, Mcq. ; Meig. ; Westw. Zoobice, Entomobice, Botanobia, et
Phasianea, Desv. Tachinarida et Phasidce, Bigot.

Arista nuda aut pubescens aui basi plumosa. Thorax brevis. Alula

magnce. Pedes longitudine mediocres.

Arista bare or pubescent or plumose at the base. Thorax short. Alula
large. Legs of moderate length.

Parasites of other insects.

The form of the body, of the antennae, and of the veins of the
wings, in this subfamily, is very variable ; the prsebrachial vein is
abbreviated in a few species, but in all the rest it forms a flexure,
as in the three following subfamilies. With a few exceptions the
individuals are scarce and the species numerous, but the reverse
of this rule is more characteristic of the Muscides. Their highly-
developed structure and their rapid flight at once distinguish them
from all the following groups. They may be divided into the fol-
lowing genera : —

a. Abdomen depressed. PHASIA.
a a. Abdomen not depressed.

b. Abdomen arched, recurved beneath at the tip.

c. Pra3brachial vein joining the cubital before its tip. OCYPTERA.
c c. Prasbrachial vein joining the costal. PHANIA.
b b. Abdomen not arched nor recurved.

PHASIA.

c. Abdomen globose. GYMNOSOMA.
c c. Abdomen not globose.

d. Proboscis long, geniculated. BUCENTES.
d d. Proboscis not geniculated.
e. Head tumid. GONIA.
e e. Head not tumid. TA CHINA.

Genus I. PHASIA.

PHASIA, Latr. G. C. (1809) ; Coq. ; Meig. Zw. iv. ; Wied.; Curt. ; Zeti.
Conops p., L. Syrphus p., E. ; Eoss. Musca p., Gmel. ; Pz. ; Lam. ;
Hbst. Thereto, p., E. ; Pz. RJiizomyzides, Eal. ; Zett. I. L. Pha-
sianea, Desv.; Mcq. ; Meig. Zw. vii. ; Westw. Pfasiarea, Zett. D. S.
Phasidce, Bigot.

Corpus latum. Alaa latae. Abdomen depressum.

Body and wings broad. Eyes bare. Abdomen depressed.

The species may be grouped in accordance with the variations
of the prsebrachial vein.
a. Prsebrachial vein joining the cubital vein before its tip.

b. Prsebrachial vein very oblique between its flexure and the cubital
vein, which it joins near the tip of the latter. — Phasia, Desv. ;
Mcq.; Westw. — AlopJiora, Meig. Zw. vii. Species 1.
b b. Prasbrachial vein hardly oblique between its flexure and its junc-
tion with the cubital, which junction is remote from the tip of the
latter. — Hyalomyia, Desv. ; Mcq. ; Westw. Species 2, 3.
a a. (British ?) Praebrachial vein joining the tip of the cubital. —
Elomyia, Desv. ; Mcq. ; Westw. — Ananta, Meig.

1. subcoleoptrata, L. S. N. 11. 1006. 13 (1763); F. ; Gmel.;
Meig.; Fal.; Latr.; Pz. Fn. Ixxiv. 13, 14; Mcq.; Desv.; Zett.—
hemiptem, E. ; Latr. ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Desv. ; Zett. — a/finis, E. ; Pz. —
tristiSy Hbst.; Schell. ; Schaef. Ic. pi. 71. f. 6. Nigra, capite antice
argenteo, palpis albis, alis subcinereis fceminaB fusco variis, thoracis
abdominisque lateribus fulvis. Long. 4-5£; alar. 8-12 lin.

Black. Head white. Eace, facialia, and epistoma testaceous. Ea-
cialia bristly along three-fourths of the length. Palpi white. Antennae
not half so long as the face ; third joint subelliptical, very much longer
than the second ; sixth minutely pubescent, near thrice the length of
the third. Thorax tawny. Wings grey ; costal vein ending at the tip
of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at much beyond one-third of the
length; mediastinal vein ending at two-thirds of the length; radial
vein ending at about nine-tenths of the length ; cubital vein ending at
the tip ; praBbrachial vein forming a gentle curve at its flexure, joining
the cubital at some distance from the tip of the latter ; discal transverse
vein curved inward in the middle, parted from the border by hardly

MUSCID.E.

half its own length. Alulse whitish. Sides of the abdomen tawny.
Fcem. Wings more or less brown in front and at the tips.
Rare. (E.)

2. obesa, Fb. E. S. sppl. 561. 6 (1794); Latr. ; Meig.; Desv.;
Mcq. — speciosa, Curt. ! B. E. 697. Cana, capite antice argenteo, 'an-
tennis abdomine basi pedibusque nigris, tJwrace nigro-quadrivittato,
alls subcinereis fusco variis. Long. 2^-3 ; alar. 6-7 fin.

Head black, with hoary tomentum, white in front. Antenna black.
Thorax with four black stripes. Things pale grey, more or less brownish
about tlie middle of the fore border, and towards the tips and along the
transverse veins ; costal vein ending at the tip of the wing ; subcostal
vein ending at much beyond one-third of the length of the wing ; me-
diastinal vein ending at much beyond half the length; radial vein
ending at about eleven-twelfths of the length ; cubital vein joining the
costal at its tip; discal transverse vein more or less curved inward,
parted from the border by hardly half its own length. AlulaB white.

Rare. (E.)

3. pusilla, (Hoffm.) Meig. Zw. iv. 198. 23 (1824) ; Desv. ; Mcq. ;
Curt.; Zett. — semicinerea, Meig. ; Desv.; Mcq.; Curt.; Zett. Nigra,
capite antice albo-tomentoso, alis hyalinis, abdomine apicem versus
cano-tomentoso. Long, li-2; alar. 2-3^ lin.

Slack. Head white in front. Facialia bristly along full half the
length. Antenna reaching beyond half the length of the face ; third
joint linear, rounded at the tip, very much longer than the second ;
sixth very minutely pubescent, hardly twice the length of the third.
Wings hyaline ; costal vein ending at the tip of the wing; subcostal
vein ending at about one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending
at about half the length ; radial vein ending at about seven-eighths of
the length ; cubital vein ending at the tip ; pra3brachial vein much curved
at its flexure, joining the cubital at far from the tip of the latter ; discal
transverse vein almost straight, parted from the border by about half
its own length. AlulaB white, very large. Abdomen hoary towards
the tip.

Bare. (E.)

Genus II. OCYPTERA.

OCYPTETIA, Latr. G. C. iv. (1809); F. S. A.; Oliv.; Lam.; Meig.;

Mcq. ; Desv. ; Curt. ; Loew ; Winnertz ; Westw. ; Zett. Musca p.,

L. ; F, Sp. I.; D. G. ; Schr. ; Ross.; Gmel. Syrphus p., Pz.

Ehizomyzce p., Fal. Ocypteratce p., Desv. ; Mcq. ; Westw. Parthenia,

Desv.
Corpus augustum. Palpi brevissimi. Arista triarticulata, nuda, Vena

OCYPTERA. 9

prabrackialis cubitali ante apicem conjuncta. Abdomen cylindricum,

arcuatum, subtus recurvum.

Body narrow, linear. Palpi very short Fourth and fifth joints of
the antennae distinct ; sixth bare. Prabrachial vein united to tlie cubital
at some distance from the tip of the latter. Abdomen cylindrical, arched ',
recurved beneath at the tip ; first segment long.

a. Third joint of the antennae twice the length of the second. Sp. 1.
a a. Third joint of the antennae less than twice the length of the second.
Species 2.

1. brassicaria, P. S. 1. 11. 443. 36 (1781) ; Gmel. ; Latr. ; Fal. ;
Meig. ; Mcq.; Desv. ; Curt. ! B.E. 629 ; Loew; Zett. — cylindrica, D. G.
— segnis, Pz. ; Schell. ; Schaeff. Nigra, capite argenteo, thorace cano
nigro-quadrivittato, alis cinereis dimidio antico basalt flavescente, abdo-
mine rufo vitta interrupta dorsali apiceque nigris. Long. 5 ; alar. 8 lin.

Black. Head silvery-white. Frontalia deep black, slightly widen-
ing at each end. Epistoma pale yellow. Antennae reaching the epi-
stoma ; third joint almost fusiform ; sixth very stout towards the base,
near thrice the length of the fourth and fifth. Thorax hoary, with
four slender black stripes on the fore part. Wings grey, yellowish along
half the length beneath the costa ; praebrachial vein forming at its flexure
a well-defined hardly obtuse angle, which emits a very short appendage,
beyond this it is undulating, and joins the cubital vein at some distance
from the tip of the latter. Alulae white. Abdomen red, with a widely
interrupted black stripe, which is dilated and triangular at the base ; third
and following segments black.

Bare. (E.)

2. cylindrica, F. S. A. 313. 2 (1805); Meig.; Mcq.; Desv. ;
Winnertz; Loew; Zett. Nigra, capite argenteo, thoracis lateribus
anticis canis, alis cinereis antice subfuscis, abdomine segmentorum secundi
et tertii lateribus rufis. Long. 3-3^ ; alar. 5-6 lin.

Black, shining. Head silvery-white. Frontalia deep black. An-
tennae almost reaching the epistoma; third joint fusiform. Thorax
hoary on each side in front. Wings grey, brownish along the fore
border ; praebnichial vein forming an obtuse angle, and emitting a very
short branch at its flexure, near which it is very slightly curved inward,
but has a more distinct outward curve near its junction with the cubital.
Alulae white. Second and third abdominal segments red, hind border of
the latter and a dorsal stripe black.

Rare. In the collections of Mr. Desvignes and of the late Mr.
Stephens. (E.)

VOL. II.

10 MUSCID^E.

Genus III. PHANIA.

PHANIA, Meig. Zw. iv. 218 (1824); Desv. ; Mcq.; Zett.; Westw.

Corpus lineare. Arista nuda. Vena pr&brachialis costali ad alee apicem
connexa. Abdomen cylindricum, arcnatum, subtus recurvum, segmento
primo longo.

Body linear. Sixth joint of the antennae bare. Prtebrachial vein
forming a curve at its flexure, joining the tip of tlie costal vein. Abdo-
men cylindrical., arched, recurved beneath at the tip ; first segment long.
Sexualia of the male long.

1. thoracica, Meig. Zw. iv. 220. 4 (1824); Mcq.; Zett. Nigra,
capite argenteo, thorace cano nigro-quadrivittato, alis cinereis, alulis
albidis, halteribus ferrugineis, abdomine subtus fusco. Long. 3 ; alar.
6 lin.

Black, shining. Head silvery-white; froutalia deep black, slightly
widening from the ocelli to the antennae; facialia without bristles;
epistoma not prominent. Antennas nearly reaching the epistoma ; third
joint straight above, slightly convex beneath, rounded at the tip, about
twice the length of the second; fourth and fifth very short; sixth
slender, stout for nearly one-fourth of the length from the base. Thorax
with hoary tomentiim, which encloses four slender black stripes. Wings
grey ; costal vein ending at a little behind the tip of the wing ; sub-
costal vein ending at beyond one-third of the length ; mediastinal
vein ending at a little before half the length ; cubital vein joining the
costal near its tip; prabrachial vein much curved at its flexure, very
slightly curved inward from thence to its tip ; discal transverse vein
nearly straight, parted from the border by a little more than half its
own length. AlulaB dingy white. Halteres ferruginous. Abdomen
brownish beneath.

Bare. In the late Mr. Stephens' s collection. (E.)

2. curvicauda, Pal. Msc. 17. 33 (1810) ; Meig. ! Zw. iv. pi. 40.
f. 10; Desv.; Mcq.; Boh.; Zett. Nigra, capite argeuteo, epistomate
prominente, thoracis lateribus anticis vittisque duabus canis, alis cinereis,
alulis albis. Long. If; alar. 3 lin.

Black, shining. Head silvery ; frontalia deep black, linear from the
eyes to the antennae ; facialia without bristles ; epistoma prominent.
Antenna3 nearly reaching the epistoma ; third joint linear, rounded at
the tip, twice the length of the second ; fourth and fifth very short ;
sixth slender, stout for about one-fifth of the length from the base.
Thorax hoary on each side in front, and with two hoary stripes. Wings
grey ; costal vein ending at the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending
at about one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at before
half the length ; cubital vein joining the costal very near its tip ; prse-
brachial vein slightly curved at its flexure, almost straight from thence

GYMNOSOMA. 11

to its tip ; discal transverse vein almost straight, parted from the border
by hardly less than its own length. Alulae white.

Kare. In the late Mr. Stephens's collection. (E.)

Genus IV. GYMNOSOMA.

GYMNOSOMA, Fal. Rhiz. 9. 1; Latr.; Meig. ; Desv.; Mcq. ; Zett.
Mttsca p., L. ; F. ; D. G. ; Schr. ; Geoff. ; Schaeff. ; Gmel. ; Ross. ;
Har. ; Pz. ; Lam. ; Don. Tachina p., F. Ocyptera p., Latr.
Gymnosomete, Rhizomyza, Fal. Gastrodea, Desv. Gymnosomees,
Mcq. ; Westw.

Corpus breve, latum. Caput mediocre; frons plerumque lata. An-
tennae articulo sexto nudo. Abdomen globosum, setis nullis.
Body short, broad. Head of moderate size ; front generally broad.

Fourth and fifth joints of the antennae distinct ; sixth bare. Abdomen

globose, without bristles.

1. rotundata, L. F. S. 1838 (1761); F.; D. G. ; Schr.; Gmel.;
Ross. ; Pz. ; Fal. ; Desv. ; Latr. ; Lam. ; Meig. ! Zw. iv. pi. 39. f. 21 ;
Desv. ; Mcq. ; Zett. — cerium, Har. ; Geoff. ; Schaeff. Nigra, capite
aurato antice albo, thorace luteo-tomentoso nigro-quadrivittato, alis
subcinereis. Long. 3 ; alar. 6 lin.

Black. Head gilded above, whitish in front, white beneath and
behind. Frontalia ferruginous. Facialia without bristles. Epistoma
slightly prominent. Antennae longer than the face ; second joint sub-
clavate ; third sublinear, indistinctly curved, rounded at the tip, a little
longer than the second, testaceous at the base ; sixth stout, testaceous
towards the base, a little longer the third. Thorax luteous in front,
with four black stripes, the outer pair interrupted. Wings slightly
grey, yellowish at the base ; costal vein ending at a little above the
tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at much beyond one-third of
the length ; mediastinal vein ending at much beyond half the length ;
radial vein ending at a little before seven-eighths of the length ; cubital
vein ending at a little above the tip ; praebrachial vein much curved
at its flexure, straight from thence to its tip, which joins the cubital
near the tip of the latter ; discal transverse vein very slightly undulat-
ing, its distance from the border about one-third of its own length.
Alulae large, whitish, with yellow borders. Halteres luteous. Abdo-
men luteous, black at the base, and with four black dorsal spots, the
first connected with the black at the base, a black spot on each side
at the tip.

Rare. (E.)

12 MUSCID^E.

Genus V. BUCENTES.

BUCENTES, Latr. G. C. iv. 339 (1809). Musca p., D. G. Stomoxys
p., F. ; Fal. Siphona, Meig. ; Mcq. ; Westw. ; Zett. Syphona,
Desv.

Proboscis elongata, graciLis,Jiliformis, basi medioque geniculata. Antennae
subdeflexae, articulis primo et secundo parvis, tertio elongate, lineari,
obtuso. Arista nuda, triarticulata, geniculata.
Proboscis long, slender, filiform, geniculated at the base and in the

middle. Antennae slightly deflected ; first and second joints short ;

third long, linear, obtuse; fourth and fifth distinct; sixth bare,/om-

ing an angle with the fifth.

1. genicwlatus, D. G. I. vi. 20. 15 (1752); Fal.; Meig.! Zw.
pi. 37. f. 25 ; Desv. ; Mcq. — minutus, F. ; Pz. — cinereus, Latr. ; Lam. ;
Meig. ; Desv. — cristatus, tachinarius, F. — nigro-vittatus, Meig. — analis,
Meig. — quadrinotatus, Desv. — tristis, Desv. — pusillus, Desv. — fusci-
cornis, Desv. — consimilis, Desv. — analis, Desv. — melanoceras, Desv. —
testaceus, Desv. — hnmeralis, Desv. — sylvaticus, Desv. — clausus, Desv.
Niger, capite testaceo supra fulvo-tomentoso subtus albo-toraentoso,
antennis basi fulvis, scutello apice testaceo, alis subcinereis, femoribus
tibiisque fulvis ; Mas, abdoraine testaceo vitta dorsali apiceque nigris.
Long, lf-2^ ; alar. 3|-5 lin.

Black. Head pale, testaceous, fawn-coloured above, white beneath ;
frontalia ferruginous ; palpi pale, testaceous ; facialia without bristles ;
epistoma not prominent ; eyes bare ; palpi short, tawny. Antennae
almost reaching the epistoma; first and second joints tawny; third
linear, rounded at the tip, of the male four times, of the female thrice
the length of the second ; sixth stout, much longer than the third.
Scutellum testaceous at the tip. Wings very slightly grey ; costal vein
ending hardly above the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending before
one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending a little beyond one-
third of the length ; radial vein ending at about five-sixths of the length ;
cubital vein ending at very little above the tip ; praebrachial vein form-
ing a gentle curve at its flexure, almost straight from thence to its tip,
which joins the tip of the costal ; discal transverse vein hardly curved
inward, parted from the border by very much more than its own length.
Alulse whitish. Halteres testaceous. Legs tawny ; tarsi black. Ab-
domen of the male testaceous ; dorsal stripe and tip black.

Very common. (E. S. I.)

Genus VI. GONIA.

GONIA, Meig. Zw. v. 1. (1826) ; Mcq. ; Curt. ; Westw. ; Zett. Musca
p., D. G. Tuchina p., Fal. Wqera, Meig. Zvv. vii. Gonu1<e, Desv.

GONIA. 13

Corpus robustum. Caput tumidum. Facies verticalis. Arista geni-
culata, articulo secundo longo. Ungues et onychia minuta.
Body stout. Head tumid. Face vertical. Antenna reaching the

epistoraa ; third and fifth joints very long ; sixth bare, forming an angle

with theffth. Ungues and onychia small.

The British species also agree in the following characters : —
Black. Head large, tawny, covered with shining white tomentum,
thickly clothed beneath and behind with tawny hairs ; front more pro-
minent in the male than in the female ; frontalia broad ; face rather
deeply concave ; facialia bristly along rather more than half the length ;
epistoma slightly prominent ; mediana luteous ; eyes bare ; palpi tes-
taceous. AntennaB reaching the epistoma ; third joint slender, linear,
rounded at the tip, more than four times longer than broad ; fourth
very short ; fifth very little shorter than the sixth ; sixth short, stout,
forming an angle with the fifth. Thorax covered with brownish to-
mentum, which is interrupted by four slender irregular black stripes.
Costal vein terminating considerably above the tip of the wing, a little
beyond where the prsebrachial meets it ; subcostal vein ending beyond
one-third of the length, mediastinal vein ending beyond half the length
of the costa ; radial vein ending at four-fifths of the length ; cubital
vein ending very near the tip of the prasbrachial ; prabrachial vein
forming an obtuse angle at its flexure, near which it is very slightly
curved inward, and thence continues almost straight to its tip ; discal
transverse vein with two very slight curves, parted from the border by
very little less than its own length. Alula? white, very large. Abdo-
men subovate, slightly tessellated with white tomentum. Ungues
tawny at the base. Onychia pale testaceous.
a. Abdomen tawny on each side. Species 1.
a a. Abdomen black on each side. Species 2.

1. capitata, D. G. I. vi. 23. 12. 2. pi. 1. f. 3 (1763) ; Fal.; Meig.;
Desv.; Mcq. ; Curt.; Zett. — ornata, Meig. — vittata, Meig. — divisa,
(Meg.) Meig. — vacua, Meig. — auriceps, Meig. ; Curt. — vernalis, Desv.
— bombylans, Desv. — melanura, Desv. Antennis basi fulvis, scutello et
nonnunquam thoracis lateribus ferrugineis, alis subcinereis, abdominis
lateribus basi ad medium rufo-fulvis. Long. 4^-5^; alar. 8-11 lin.

First and second joints of the antennas tawny ; third tawny at the
base. Scutellum, and frequently the sides of the thorax, ferruginous.
Wings slightly grey ; veins black, testaceous at the base. Abdomen
reddish-tawny on each side from the base to the middle. Male. Frontalia
buff. Fern. Frontalia luteous.

Not rare. (E.)

2. ruficeps, Fin. Msc. 4. 3 (1810); Meig.; Curt.! B. E. 533;
Zett. — -fasciata, Meig. Scutello piceo, alis cinereis, abdominis segmen-
tonim marginibus anticis albo-tomentosis. Long. 5 ; alar. 10 lin.

Frontalia ferruginous or brown. Scutellum piceous. Wings grey ;

14 MUSCIDjE.

veins black, ferruginous at the base. Abdomen with a band of white
tomentum on the fore border of each segment.

Rare. In the collections of Mr. Desvignes and of the late
Mr. Stephens. (E.)

Genus VII. TACHINA.

Tachina et Miltogramma, Meig. Zw. iv. 234 (1824). . Tachina p., F.;
Fal.

Caput non tumidum. Proboscis non geniculata. Abdomen oblongum,

convexum, setosum.

Head not tumid. Proboscis straight. Abdomen oblong, convex, bristly.

In Tachina the variations of the bristles, of the antennae, and
of the veins of the wings, are very numerous, and serve as specific
distinctions rather than as characters of genera, for which they
have been used by Desvoidy, Macquart, and Meigen. The species
may be grouped thus : —

a. Second joint of the antennae very long ; third generally very short. —
Tachina A, Meig. Zw. iv. 239. pi. 40. f. 1, 5, %%—Echmomyia,
Dumr. H. N. (1807) ; Latr. ; Mcq.; Westw.; Meig. Zw. vii.; Zett.—
Macromyda, Desv. Facialia not bristly. Frontalia widening from the
ocelli to the eyes, with numerous black bristles along their borders,
two very stout bristles on each side behind ; face with a slight furrow
on each side; epistoma prominent, with a few bristles on each
side, one of them very stout; peristoma with bristles along each
border ; eyes bare ; proboscis piceous. Fourth and fifth joints of
the antennae very distinct ; sixth bare ; costal vein ending when the
praebrachial meets it at some distance in front of the tip of the wing ;
subcostal vein ending at more than one-third of the length of the
fore border ; mediastinal vein ending at less than two-thirds of the
length of the fore border ; radial vein ending at about four-fifths of
the length of the fore border ; cubital vein joining the costal very
near its tip.
b. Second joint of the antennae more than four times longer than

deep. Species 1.

b b. Second joint of the antennae more than thrice longer than deep.
c. Third joint of the antennae much shorter than the second.

d. Palpi filiform. Species 2, 3.

d d. Palpi subclavate. Species 4.
c c. Third joint of the antennas a little or hardly shorter than the

second. Species 5, 6.

a a. Third joint of the antennae longer than the second, but not twice
its length. — Tachina B, Meig. Zw. iv. 246. pi. 40. f. 2.—TacMnaria
p., Desv. — Tachina p., Mcq. — Clytia, Desv.; Mcq.

TACH1NA. 15

b. Costal vein and prsebrachial vein ending at some distance in front
of the tip of the wing ; prsebrachial vein much curved ; flexure
without a branch, or with a very short one. — Tachina B. a. p.,
Meig. Zw. iv. 246. pi. 40. f. 22. — Microcerte, Desv.-i—Nemortea,
Mcq. — Carcelia p., Desv. — Senometopia p., Mcq.
c. Eyes hairy.

d. Body not or hardly metallic.

e. Epistoma prominent. Species 7-9.
e e. Epistoma slightly prominent. Species 10-12.
e e e. Epistoma not prominent. Species 13-15.
d d. Body golden-green. — Gymnochata, Desv. — Chrysosoma,

Mcq. ;. Meig. Zw. vii. pi. 70. f. 6-11 ; Westw. Sp. 16.
c c. Eyes bare. Species 17-20.
b b. Costal vein ending at far in front of the tip of the wing.

c. Prsebrachial vein much curved, flexure emitting a long branch.
—Tachina B. b, Meig. Zw. iv. 258. pi. 40. f. 23. — Anthophila,
Desv. — Micropalpus, Mcq. ; Meig. Zw. vii. Species 21.
c c. Prsebrachial vein straight from near its flexure to its tip. Eyes
hairy. — Tachina B. c, Meig. Zw. iv. 263. pi. 40. f. 28. — Nemo-
raa p., et Macquartia p., Meig. Zw. vii. Species 22.
b b b. Costal vein and prsebrachial vein ending at or near the tip of
the wing.— Tachina B. d, Meig. Zw. iv. 267. pi. 40. f. 30.
c. Eyes hairy. — Macquartia p., Erebia, Labidigaster, et Harrisia
p., Meig. Zw. vii.

d. Prsebrachial vein forming a right angle at the flexure. Sp. 23.
d d. Praebrachial vein forming a very obtuse angle at the flexure.

Species 24-27.

c c. Eyes bare. — Clytia, Tachina p., et Macquartia p., Meig. Zw. vii.
d. Abdomen black. Species 28-31.
d d. Abdomen luteous. Species 32.

b b b b. Prsebrachial vein united to the cubital vein near the tip of the
wing. — Tachina B. e, Meig. Zw. iv. 280. pi. 40. f. 26.

d. Eyes bare. — Ptilocerata, Desv. — Ptilocera, Mcq. — Gagatia
p., Desv. — Melanophora p., Meig. Kl. ; Latr. ; Mcq. — Oisto-
gaster p., Clista p., Leucostoma p., et Panzeria p., Meig. Zw. vii.
Species 33.

d d. Eyes hairy. — Ocyptera p., F. ; Fal. — Oliviera, Desv. —

Sericocera p., Mcq. — Panzeria p., Meig. Zw. vii. Species 34.

b b b b b. Prsebrachial vein united to the cubital vein at some distance

from the tip of the wing. Eyes bare. — Tachina B. f, Meig. Zw.

iv. 284. pi. 40. f. 25. — Melanophora, Plesina, Gymnosoma p., Rhi-

nophora p., et Leucostoma p., Meig. Zw. vii.

c. Sixth joint of the antennse stout for one-third of the length, or

nearly so. Species 35, 36.
c c. Sixth joint of the antennse stgut at the base.

d. Sixth joint of the antennse minutely pubescent. Sp. 37, 38.

16 MUSCIDjE.

d d. Sixth joint of the antennae shortly plumose. Sp. 39-41.
a a a. Third joint of the antennae nearly twice or even thrice longer
than the second. — Urycince p,, Agridce p., et Bombomyda p., Dvd. —
Miltogramma, Meig. ; Latr. ; Desv. ; Mcq. ; Curt. ; Westw. ; Zett.
— Brackycerata, Desv. — Graosomes p., Desv. — Myobia p., Mcq.
b. Costal vein and prsebrachial vein ending at some distance in front
of the tip of the wing. — TacUna C. a, Meig. Zw. iv. 292. pi. 40.
f. 3, 24. — Lydella, Mcq. — FaunidfS p., Desv.
c. Eyes bare. — Erycince p., Desv. — Pales p., Desv. — Senomotopia
p., Mcq. — Faunidts p. — (Salia, Lydella, AtJirycia, et Lypha),
Desv. — Lydella, Mcq. — Tachina p., Playia, et Oliviera, Meig.
Zw. vii. — Fabricia, Meig. Zw. vii.
d. Proboscis short.

e. Faciala without bristles.

/. Sixth joint of the antennae stout at the base. Sp. 42-44.
ff. Sixth joint of the antennae stout for one-fourth of the

length. Species 45, 46.
///. Sixth joint of the antennae stout for one-third of the

length. Species 47-49.
////• Sixth joint of the antennae stout for one-half of the

length. Species 50, 51.
/////• Sixth joint of the antennae stout for three-quarters

of the length. Species 52, 53.
//////. Sixth joint of the antennae stout for more than

three-quarters of the length. Species 54, 55.
///////• Sixth joint of the antennae stout for the whole

length. Species 56.

e e. Facialia bristly for one-sixth of the length.
/. Sixth joint of the antennae bare. Species 57-59.
//. Sixth joint of the antennae plumose. Species 60.
e e e. Facialia bristly for one-fourth of the length.
/. Frontalia ferruginous. Species 61, 62.
//. "Frontalia black.

g. Sixth joint of the antennae stout for one-fourth of the

length. Species 63.
g g. Sixth joint of the antennae stout for one-third of

the length. Species 64, 65.
g g g. Sixth joint of the antennae stout for more than

one-third of the length. Species 66, 67.
ff ff ff ff- Sixth joint of the antennae stout for one-half

the length. Species 68-71.
99999- Sixth J°int °f tne antennae stout till near the

tip. Species 72.

e e e e. Facialia bristly for one-third of the length.
/. Scutellum ferruginous. Species 73.
//. Scutellum black.

TACHINA. 17

g. Face vertical. Species 74-76.
g g. Face more or less oblique. Species 77-79.
e e e e e. Facialia bristly for more than one-third of the length.

Species 80.

e e e e e e. Facialia bristly for half the length. Species 8 1 .
e e e e e e e. Facialia bristly for two-thirds of the length.

Species 82, 83.
d d. Proboscis long. — RhampJdna p., Mcq. D. 12. — Oliviera,

Meig. Zw. vii. Species 84.

c c. Eyes hairy. — Slurmia, Desv. — WintTiemia, Desv. — Carcelia
p., Desv. — Senometopia p., Mcq. — Exorista p., Meig. Zw. vii. —
Phorocera p., Mcq. ; Meig. Zw. vii.
d. Facialia without bristles.

e. Sixth joint of the antennas stout for nearly the whole length.

Species 85, 86.

e e. Sixth joint of the antennae stout for half the length. Spe-
cies 87, 88.
e e e. Sixth joint of the antennae stout for one-third of the

length. Species 89.

e e e e. Sixth joint of the antennae stout at the base. Sp. 90.
d d. Facialia bristly for one-sixth of the length. Species 91.
d d d. Facialia bristly for one-fourth of the length. Sp. 92-98.
b b. Costal vein and praebrachial vein ending at or near the tip of
the wing.— rac/mm C. b, Meig. Zw. iv. 341. pi. 40. f. 3, 30.
c. Eyes bare. Arista straight. — Tryphora p., Meig. Zw. vii. —
Actia, Meig. Zw. vii. — Roeselia, Meig. Zw. vii.
d. Facialia without bristles.

e. Sixth joint of the antennae stout for three-fourths of the

length. Species 99.
e e. Sixth joint of the antennae stout for more than half the

length. Species 100.

e e e. Sixth joint of the antennae stout at the base.
/. Palpi tawny or yellow. Species 101-103.
//. Palpi black, with a ferruginous band near the tip. Spe-
cies 104.

///. Palpi black. Species 105, 106.

d d. Facialia bristly for one-eighth of the length. Species 107.
d d d. Facialia bristly for one-fourth of the length. Species

108-112.
d d d d. Facialia bristly for one-third of the length. Species

113-117.

c c. Eyes hairy. — Phorocera p., Meig. Zw. vii. — Harruia p., Meig.
Zw. vii. — Exori&ta p., Meig. Zw. vii.
d. Facialia without bristles.

e. Sixth joint of the antennae stout along the whole length.
Species 118.

VOL. II. D

18 MUSCIDjE.

e e. Sixth joint of the antennae stout along half the length.

Species 119, 120.
e e e. Sixth joint of the antennae stout for near half the length.

Species 121.
e e e e. Sixth joint of the antennae stout for one-third of the

length. Species 122.

e e e e e. Sixth joint of the antenna stout at the base. Spe-
cies 123, 124.

d d. Facilia bristly for one-sixth of the length. Sp. 125, 126.
d d d. Facialia bristly for one-fourth of the length. Sp, 127.
dddd. Facialia bristly for one-third of the length. Sp. 1 28.
ddddd. Facialia bristly for half the length. Sp. 129, 130.
d d d d d d. Facialia bristly along the whole length. Sp. 133 .
b b b. Pra3brachial vein united with the cubital vein near the tip. —
Tachina C. c, Meig. Zw. iv. 366. pi. 40. f. 3, 26.
c. Eyes bare. — Dufourida, Desv. — Cassidtemyia, Mcq. Species

132-135.

c c. Eyes hairy .- — Senometopia p., Mcq. — Macquartida p., Desv. —
Zophomyia p., Mcq. — Tryphora p., Meig. Zw. vii. — Phorocera p.,
Mcq. ; Meig. Zw. vii.

a a a a. Third joint of the antennae four or six times longer than the
second. (Only thrice longer in T. antiqua.}

b. Costal vein and praebrachial vein ending at some distance in front
of the tip of the wing ; prsebrachial vein slightly curved or straight
between the flexure and the tip. — Tachina D. a, Meig. Zw. iv.
370. pi. 40. f. 4, 27, 28.

c. Eyes bare. — Pales p., Desv. — Zenillia, Desv. — Phryno, Desv. —
Senometopia p., Mcq. — Eurigaster p., Mcq. — Phryxe p., Desv.
— Masicera p., Mcq. ; Meig. Zw. vii. — Faunidee p., Desv. —
Metopia, Meig. Kl. Zw. vii. ; Mcq. — Degeeria p., Meig. Zw. vii.
— Frontina, Meig. Zw. vii. — Myobia p., Mcq. ; Meig. Zw. vii.
— Miltogramma p., Meig. Zw. vii.
d. Abdomen tawny. Species 136.
d d. Abdomen black.

e. Facialia without bristles. Species 137, 138.

e e. Facialia bristly for one-sixth of the length. Sp. 139.

e e e. Facialia bristly for one-fourth of the length. Species

140, 141.

e e e e. Facialia bristly for half the length. Species 142.
e e e e e. Facialia bristly for more than half the length. Spe-
cies 143-145.
e e e e e e. Facialia bristly along the whole length. Species

146, 147.

c c. Eyes hairy. — Phryxe p., Desv. — Masicera p., Mcq. — Tryphora
p., Meig. — Phorocera p., Mcq. ; Meig. Zw. vii. — Harrisia p.,
Meig. Zw. vii. — Exorista p., Meig. vii.

TACHINA. 19

e£ Facialia without bristles. Species 148.

d d. Facialia bristly for one-fourth of the length. Species 149,

150.

d d d. Facialia bristly for one-half of the length. Sp. 151-156.
d d d d. Facialia bristly for three-fourths of the length. Spe-
cies 157.
d d d d d. Facialia bristly for nearly the whole length. Species

158.

b b. Costal vein and prsebrachial vein ending near the tip of the
wing.— Tachina D. b, Meig. Zw. iv. 400. pi. 40. f. 4, 30. — Phryno
p., Desv. — Euriyaster p., Mcq. — Graosomae p., Desv. — Myobia p.,
Mcq.

c. Eyes bare. — Roeselia, Desv. — Degeeria p., Meig. Zw. vii. —
Masicera p., Meig. Zw. vii.
d. Sixth joint of the antenna forming an angle with the fifth.

Species 159.
d d. Sixth joint of the antennae not forming an angle with the

fifth. Species 160-163.
c c. Eyes hairy. — Doria, Meig. Zw. vii. — Phorocera p., Meig. Zw.

vii. Species 164, 165.

b b b. Prsebrachial vein united to the cubital near the tip. — Tackina
D. c, Meig. Zw. iv. 416. pi. 40. f. 4, 26.
c. Eyes bare. — Baumkaueria, Meig. Zw. vii. — Mazicera p., Meig.

Zw. vii. — Hypostena, Meig. Zw. vii. Species 166.
c c. Eyes hairy. — Fallenia, Meig. Zw. vii. — Exorista p., Meig.

Zw. vii. Species 167.

b b b b. Prasbrachial vein united to the cubital at some distance from
the tip. Eyes bare. — Tachina D. d, Meig. Zw. iv. 418. pi. 40.
f. 4, 25. — Scopolia, Meig. Zw. vii. Species 168.

1. grossa, L. Fn. 1837 (1761); D. G. ; Gmel. ; Pz. ! Fn. xxx."
21; Dumr.; Latr. ; Fal. ; Meig.; Mcq.; Desv.; Zett.; Reaum ; Hbst.;
Har. Picea, capite flavo, antennis fulvis, alis hyalinis, alulis cinereis,
pedibus nigris. Long. 8; alar. 18 lin.

Piceous. Head yellow. Frontalia ferruginous, slightly striated.
Epistoma very prominent. Palpi yellow. Antenna tawny ; third joint
black, tawny at the base, deepening from the base to the tip, which is
truncated, hardly half the length of the second ; fifth a little longer
than the fourth, the two full one-third of the length of the sixth.
Wings hyaline, slightly yellow at the base ; praebrachial vein forming a
hardly obtuse angle at its flexure, near which it is curved inward, and
is thence almost straight to its tip; discal transverse vein with the
hind curve less distinct than the fore one, its distance from the border
less than its own length. Alulae dark grey. Legs black ; tibias red
beneath.

Not common. (E.)

20 MUSCID^E.

2. fera, L. F. S. 1836 (1761); F. ; Gmel. ; Schr. ; Pz. ! Fn.
xx. 18 j Meig. ; Mcq. ; Desv.; Zett.— Geoff. ; Schell. ; Hbst. — analis,
Desv. — intermedia, Desv. — nigrofemorata, Desv. — rubricornis, Desv. —
testacea, Desv. — errans, Desv. — vernalis, Desv. — virgo, Meig. ; Mcq. ;
Zett. — magnicornis ? Zett. — -ferina ? Zett. Nigro-cinerea, capite flavo,
antennis fulvis apice nigris, articulo tertio secundi dimidio paullo lon-
giore, humeris scutelioque fulvis, alls subcinereis basi subflavescentibus,
abdomine testaceo, vitta dorsali nigra, pedibus testaceis, femoribus basi
nigris. Long. 5^ ; alar. 12 lin.

Head yellow ; frontalia ferruginous ; palpi yellow. Antennae tawny ;
third joint black, tawny at the base, deepening from the base to the
tip, which is truncated, a little more than half the length of the second ;
fifth joint more than twice the length of the fourth ; the second less
than one-third of the length of the sixth. Thorax greyish-black;
humeral scapulae and scutellum tawny. Wings greyish, slightly yellow
along the veins towards the base ; praebrachial vein forming an almost
right angle at its flexure, near which it forms an inward curve, and
thence is straight to its tip. Alulae white. Abdomen testaceous, with
a broad black dorsal stripe ; tip ferruginous. Legs testaceous ; femora
black towards the base.

Not rare. (E.)

3. tessellata, F. E. S. iv. 324-5 (1794); Meig.; Mcq. ; Desv.;
Zett. — -fera var. y, Fal. — nigricornis ? Meig. Nigra, capite argenteo
antice testaceo, antennarum articulo tertio secundi dimidio multo longiore,
thorace cano-tomentoso nigro-quadrivittato, scutello ferrugineo, alis
cinereis, abdomine rufo-fulvo, vitta dorsali apiceque nigris, tibiis pos-
terioribus piceis. Long. 5-6 ; alar. 10-12.

Head testaceous in front ; frontalia ferruginous, widening in front ;
epistoma prominent ; palpi testaceous. Antennae reaching the epistoma ;
" second joint deepening towards the tip, where its depth is one-third of
its length ; third very convex above, slightly truncated at the tip, much
shorter and deeper than the second. Thorax with four black stripes ;
scutellum ferruginous. Wings grey, with a slight brown streak extend-
ing from the flexure of the praebrachial vein ; middle transverse vein
clouded with brown ; praebrachial vein forming a right angle at its
flexure, near which it is carved inward, and is thence almost straight
to its tip; discal transverse vein with two slight and equal curves,
parted from the border by a little less than its own length. Alulae
white. Abdomen reddish-tawny ; dorsal stripe and tip black, the latter
with white tomentum. Posterior tibiae piceous.
Eare. In Mr. Desvignes's collection. (E.)

4. ferox, Pz. ! Fn. 10T4. 20; Meig. ; Desv. ; Mcq. ; Zett. — rotun-
data, Har. Nigra, capite cinereo-tomentoso, palpis clavatis fulvis basi
nigris, alis hyalinis basi subflavescentibus, abdomine testaceo, vitta
dorsali apiceque uigris. Long. 7; alar. 13 lin.

TACHINA. 21

Black. Head tinged with grey, testaceous on each side of the face
and of the peristoma ; frontalia piceous ; palpi tawny, subclavate, black
towards the base. Antennae black; third joint deepening from the
base to the tip, which is truncated, full two-thirds of the length of the
second ; fifth longer than the fourth, the second hardly one-third of the
length of the sixth. Wings hyaline, slightly yellow at the base ; prae-
brachial vein forming an almost right angle at its flexure, near which
it is slightly curved inward, and is thence almost straight to its tip ;
discal transverse vein with the hind curve less distinct than the other.
Alulae white. First, second, and third segments of the abdomen tes-
taceous, excepting an irregular black dorsal stripe.

Not common. (E.)

5. ursina, Meig. Zw. iv. 245. 11 (1824) ; Desv. ; Mcq. ; Zett.—
pilosa, Desv.; Meig.; Mcq. — subpilosa, Mcq.; Meig. Nigra, fulvo-hirta,
capite fulvo-tomeutoso, palpis fulvis, antennarum articulo tertio secundo
paullo breviore, scutello apice fulvo, alis cinereis, abdominis lateribus
anticis fulvis, segmentorum marginibus anticis testaceis, tarsis basi
tibiisque ferrugineis. Long. 7 ; alar. 14 lin.

Black. Head thickly clothed above and in front with black hairs,
behind and beneath with yellow hairs ; frontalia deep black ; palpi
tawny. Third j&int of the antennae almost linear, rounded towards the
tip, a little shorter but hardly broader than the second ; fifth more than
twice the length of the fourth, the two less than one-third of the length
of the sixth. Thorax and abdomen thickly clothed with tawny hairs,
among which are a few black bristles. Scutellum tawny towards the
hind border. Wings grey ; praebrachial vein forming a very slightly
obtuse angle at its flexure, near which it is curved inward, and is thence
almost straight to its tip ; discal transverse vein straight, excepting a
veiy slight and short outward curve in front. Alulae dingy white.
Abdomen subovate, a little broader than the thorax, tawny on each
side towards the base ; segments testaceous on the fore borders. Tarsi
towards the base and tibiae ferruginous.

Not common. (E.)

6. lurida, F. S. I. 11. 441. 29 (1781); Gmel. ; Meig.; Mcq.—
leucocoma, Meig. ; Mcq. — cucullifB, Desv. — lateralis, Desv. Nigro-
cinerea, facie aloa, palpis flavis, antennis nigiis, articulo tertio secundo
mx breviore, scutello fulvo, alis subcinereis, abdominis lateribus anticis
pedibusque testaceis, femoribus nigris. Long. 5-5^; alar. 10-1] lin.

Greyish-black, clothed with yellow hairs, beset with black bristles.
Head a little narrower than the thorax, thickly clothed with pale yellow
hairs behind and beneath; frontalia dark, ferruginous, not striated;
face shining white. Lateralia testaceous. Palpi yellow. Antennae
black, not reaching the epistoma ; third joint deepening from the base,
rounded at the tip, hardly shorter than the second ; fifth full twice the
length of the fourth, the two less than one-third of the length of the

22 MUSCIDjE.

sixth. Scutellum tawny. Wings slightly grey ; prasbrachial vein form-
ing an obtuse angle at its flexure, near which it is very slightly curved
inward, and is thence almost straight to its tip ; discal transverse vein
almost straight behind, very slightly curved outward in front. Alulae
white. Abdomen subovate, broader than the thorax, testaceous on
each side towards the base. Legs testaceous ; coxa3 and femora black.
Not common. (E.)

7. caesia, Fal. Msc. 27. 55 (1810); Meig.; Zett. Nigra, cinereo-
tomentosa, capite cano, palpis nigris, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alis
cinereis, alulis albis, abdomine subtessellato. Long. 5 ; alar. 10 lin.

Frontalia black, linear ; bristles of the front descending hardly lower
than the base of the antennas ; face vertical ; facialia without bristles.
Palpi black. Antennas reaching the epistoma ; second joint full twice
longer than deep ; third linear, rounded at the tip, a little longer than
the second ; fourth and fifth distinct ; sixth stout for more than half
the length, a little less than twice the length of the third ; subcostal
vein ending at full one-third of the length of the fore border ; medias-
tinal vein ending at more than half the length of the wing ; radial vein
ending at beyond five-sixths of the length; cubital vein joining the
costal very near its tip ; prasbrachial vein forming a hardly obtuse angle
at its flexure, which emits a very short branch, curved inward from
thence to its tip ; discal transverse vein with two distinct curves, parted
from the hind border by less than its length, and from the flexure of
the prasbrachial by less than half its length.

Eare. In Mr. Desvignes's collection. (E.)

8. detracta, n. Nigra, cinereo-tomentosa, capite cano, palpis ful-
vis, antennarum articulo tertio secundo paullo longiore, thorace nigro-
quadrivittato, alis cinereis, alulis albidis, abdominis lateribus rufis.
Long. 4^; alar. 11 lin.

Frontalia black ; bristles of the front hardly descending lower than
the base of the antennas ; face vertical ; facialia bristly along one-fourth
of the length. Palpi tawny. Antennas not reaching the epistoma;
second joint full twice longer than deep ; third sublinear, rounded at
the tip, a little longer than tlie second ; sixth very minutely pubescent,
stout towards the base, nearly twice the length of the third. Thorax
with four slender stripes. Costal vein ending at a short distance in
front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at about one-third
of the length ; mediastinal vein at beyond half the length ; radial vein
ending at a little beyond five-sixths of the length ; cubital vein joining
the costal near its tip ; prasbrachial vein forming a right angle at its
flexure, near which it is curved inward, and is thence straight to the
tip ; discal transverse vein with two distinct curves, parted by half its
length from the hind border, and by a little less than half from the
flexure of the prasbrachial. Abdomen slightly tessellated.

Eare. In Mr. Desvignes's collection. (E.)

TACHINA. 23

9. puparum? F. E. S. iv. 326. 58 (1792); Meig. — tricincta, Fal.
Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, pal/pis fulvis, antennis basi rufis,
articulo tertio secundo longiore, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, scutelli
apice rufescente, alls cinereis, alulis albidis. Long. 4^-5 ; alar. 11-
12 lin.

Frontalia piceous, widening in front ; bristles of the front descending
to one-fourth of the face ; face vertical ; facialia without bristles. Palpi
tawny. Antennae nearly reaching the epistoma; second joint red,
nearly thrice longer than broad ; third slightly convex above, beneath,
and at the tip, longer than the second ; fourth very short ; fifth rather
long ; sixth bare, stout for two-thirds of the length, nearly twice the
length of the third ; praebrachial transverse vein clouded with brown ;
cubital vein ending at a short distance in front of the tip of the wing ;
subcubital vein ending at beyond one-third of the length ; mediastinal
vein ending at much beyond half the length ; radial vein ending at
about seven-eighths of the length ; cubital vein ending near the tip of
the costal ; prsebrachial vein forming a right but not sharply-defined
angle at the flexure, much curved inward between this and the tip ;
discal transverse vein with two slight curves, parted by hardly half its
length from the flexure of the praebrachial and from the border. Ab-
domen short, elliptical, tessellated ; first segment black.

Eare. In Mr. Desvignes's collection. (E.)

10. dispartita, n. Yiridi-nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, an-
tennarum articulo tertio secundo vix longiore, thorace nigro-trivittato,
alis subcinereis, alulis albis. Long. 4^ ; alar. 9 lin.

Frontalia piceous, slightly widening in front ; bristles of the front
descending to one-sixth of the face ; face vertical ; facialia bristly for
one-eighth of the length. Epistoma pale testaceous. Lateralia red.
Antennae not reaching the epistoma ; second joint red at the tip, full
twice longer than deep ; third straight above, convex beneath, rounded
at the tip, hardly longer than the second ; fourth very short ; fifth short ;
sixth bare, stout for two-thirds of the length, much longer than the
third. Costal vein ending at some distance in front of the tip ; sub-
costal vein ending at much beyond one-third of the length ; mediastinal
vein ending at much beyond half of the length ; radial vein ending at
a little beyond five-sixths of the length ; cubital vein ending near the
tip of the costal ; praebrachial vein forming a right angle at the flexure,
which emits a very short branch, curved inward near this ; discal trans-
verse vein nearly straight, parted by much less than its length from
the border and from the flexure of the praebrachial, rather nearer to the
latter than to the former. Abdomen short-elliptical, much broader
than the thorax.

Eare. In the late Mr. Stephens's collection. (E.)

11. intracta, n. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, palpis fulvis,
antennarum articulo tertio secnndo multo longiore, thorace nigro-trivittato,

24 MUSCID.E.

scutello rttfo, alis cinereis, alulis albis, abdomine piceo. Long. 5 ; alar.
.10 lin.

Frontalia ferruginous, widening in front ; face vertical ; bristles of
the front not descending lower than the base of the antennas ; facialia
bristly for one-eighth of the length. Antennae nearly reaching the
epistoma ; second joint red, twice longer than deep ; third linear,
rounded at the tip, much longer than the second ; fourth indistinct; fifth
short ; sixth bare, stout for half the length, very much longer than the
third ; thorax with three black stripes, the middle one very broad.
Scutellum red. Costal vein ending at somewhat in front of the tip of
the wing j subcostal vein ending at beyond one-third of the length ;
mediastinal vein ending at beyond half of the length ; radial vein end-
ing at much beyond five-sixths of the length ; cubital vein ending near
the tip of the costal ; praebrachial vein forming a slightly acute angle at
the flexure, much curved inward near this, straight from thence to the
tip ; discal transverse vein with two distinct curves, parted by about
half its length from the flexure of the prsebrachial and from the border ;
prsebrafhial transverse vein clouded with brown. Abdomen obconical.

Rare. In the late Mr. Stephens' s collection. (E.)

12. bijuncta, n. Nigra, cinereo-tomentosa, capite albo, antenna-
rum articulo tertio secundo multo longiore, thorace nigro-quadrivittato,
alis subcinereis, alulis subciuereis, alulis albis, abdomine subovato tes-
sellato. Long. 4 ; alar. 8 lin.

Black, covered with grey tomentum. Head shining- white, thickly
clothed beneath and behind with pale yellow hairs; frontalia deep
black, hardly widening in front ; bristles of the front descending to
one-third of the face; facialia without bristles; epistoma slightly
prominent. Lateralia red. Palpi long. Antennae not reaching the
epistoma ; third joint sublinear, a little narrower at the base than
near the tip, which is rounded, broader, and much longer than the
second; sixth nearly twice the length of the third ; second stout for
full one-third of the length. Scutellum black. Wings slightly grey ;
costal vein terminating a little in front of the tip of the wing ; sub-
costal vein ending beyond one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein
ending at beyond half the length ; radial vein ending at four-fifths of
the length ; cubital vein ending near the tip of the costal ; prasbrachial
vein with an inward curve midway between the tip and the right angle,
which it forms at its flexure ; discal transverse vein with two very in-
distinct curves, parted from the border much more than half its length,
and by one-third of its length from the flexure of the prasbrachial.

Rare. (E.)

13. contracta, n. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, facialibus
usque ad quartam setosis, pal/pis fulvis, thorace nigro-quinquevittato,
scutello apice rufo, alis subcinereis basi subfuscis, alulis albis, abdomine
brevi-elliptico tessellato. Long. 3^; alar. 8 lin.

TACHINA. 25

Frontalia deep black, broad, slightly widening in front ; bristles of
the front descending to one-fourth of the face ; face vertical ; facialia
bristly to one-fourth of the length; palpi tawny. Antennae almost
reaching the epistoma ; second joint nearly twice longer than deep, red
at the tip ; third sublinear, truncated, mostly red on the inner side, very
much longer than the second ; fourth and fifth red ; fourth very short ;
fifth rather long ; sixth red at the base, bare, stout for rather more than
half the length, very much longer than the third. Costal vein ending at
some distance in front of the tip of the wing : subcostal vein ending at
much beyond one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at much
beyond half of the length ; radial vein ending at a little beyond five-
sixths of the length ; cubital vein ending near the tip of the costal ;
prsebrachial vein forming a very obtuse angle at the flexure, almost
straight from thence to the tip ; discal transverse vein with two very
slight curves, parted by rather more than half its length from the border
and from the flexure of the praebrachial.

Rare. In the late Mr. Stephens's collection. (E.)

14. arvensis? Meig. Zw. iv. 337. 269 (1824). Nigra, cano-
tomentosa, capite albo, thorace nigro-trivittato, facialibus usque ad
quartam setosis, alis subhyalinis, alulis subcinereis, abdomine obconico,
segmento primo marginibus posticis vittaque dorsali nigris. Long.
3i ; alar. 7 lin.

Frontalia widening in front ; bristles of the front descending to be-
yond one-third of the face ; face vertical ; facialia bristly to one-fourth
of the length ; palpi black. Antennas reaching the epistoma ; second
joint about twice longer than deep ; third linear, rounded at the tip,
much longer than the second ; fourth and fifth very short ; sixth bare,
stout for one-third of the length, more than twice the length of the
third. Thorax with four black stripes. Wings grey, brown at the
base; costal vein ending at some distance in front of the tip of the
wing ; subcostal vein ending at much beyond one-third of the length ;
mediastinal vein ending at much beyond half of the length ; radial vein
ending at five-sixths of the length ; cubital vein ending very near the
tip of the costal ; prsebrachial vein forming an obtuse angle at the
flexure, nearly straight from thence to the tip ; discal transverse vein
with two very distinct curves, parted by less than its length from the
flexure of the prsebrachial, and by more than half its length from the
border. Alula3 greyish. Abdomen oval, tessellated. Legs very slender.

Rare. In Mr. Desvignes's collection. (E.)

15. neglecta, n. Nigra, cinereo-tomentosa, capite albido, facia-
libus usque ad tertiam setosis, palpis fulvis, thorace nigro-trivittato, alis
cinereis basi subfulvis, alulis cinereis, abdominis segmentorum margi-
nibus anticis canis. Long. 6; alar. 12 lin.

Frontalia deep black, widening much in front ; bristles of the front
hardly descending lower than the base of the antennae ; face very slightly

VOL. II. E

26 MUSCID.E.

oblique ; facialia bristly to one-third of the length. Antennae not reach-
ing the epistoma ; first and second joints tawny ; second about twice
longer than deep ; third slender, linear, rounded at the tip, longer than
the second ; fourth and fifth very short ; sixth tawny towards the base,
stout for one-third of the length from the base, more than twice the
length of the third. Costal vein ending at some distance in front of
the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at a little before one-third
of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at a little beyond half the length ;
radial vein ending at a little before four-fifths of the length ; cubital
vein joining the costal near its tip ; prsebrachial vein forming a right
angle at its flexure, near which it is slightly curved inward, and is
thence straight to its tip ; discal transverse vein with two curves, which
are very slight, distant rather more than half its own length from the
border, and rather less than half from the flexure of the prsebrachial
vein.

Eare. In Mr. Desvignes's collection. (E.)

16. viridis, Fal. Msc. 25. 51 (1810) ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett. Aureo-
viridis, cyaneo varia, capite argenteo, antennis pedibusque nigris, alis
subcinereis, alulis albis. Long. 5 ; alar. 10 lin.

Bright golden-green, more or less bluish-green beneath ; bristles of the
front not descending along the face ; frontalia piceous ; mediana dark
red ; epistoma not prominent. Antennas not reaching the epistoma ;
third joint indistinctly concave above, almost linear, rounded at the
tip, longer than the second ; costal vein ending a little above the tip
of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at a little beyond one-third of the
length ; mediastinal vein ending at very little beyond half the length ;
radial vein ending at about five-sixths of the length ; cubital vein join-
ing the costal vein very near its tip ; praebrachial vein with a branch
at its flexure, which forms a very slightly oblique angle, thence after a
very gentle inward curve it continues almost straight to its tip ; discal
transverse vein parted from the border by much more than half its own
length, and by much more than half its length from the flexure of the
prasbrachial.

Not rare in woods during the spring. (E. S.)

17. flavescens? Meig. Zw. iv. 294. %%,—fasciata, Fal. Nigra,
cano-tomentosa, capite albo, palpis fulvis, thorace nigro-quadrivittato,
alis subcinereis, alulis albis. Long. 4^- ; alar. 8£ lin.

Front yellowish ; frontalia deep black, widening in front ; bristles of
the front descending to three-fourths of the face ; face vertical ; facialia
bristly to one-fourth of the length; epistoma not prominent; palpi
tawny. Antennas not reaching the epistoma ; second joint full twice
longer than deep ; third sublinear, obliquely truncated at the tip, much
longer than the second; fourth very short; fifth rather long; sixth
bare, stout for more than one-third of the length, very much longer
than the third. Costal vein ending at far in front of the tip of the

TACHINA. 27

wing ; subcostal vein ending at a little beyond one-third of the length ;
mediastinal vein ending at half of the length ; radial vein ending at
four-fifths of the length ; cubital vein ending at near the tip of the
costal ; praebrachial vein forming a right angle at the flexure, which
emits a long branch, curved inward near this, and thence almost straight
to the tip ; discal transverse vein with two distinct curves, parted by
much less than its length from the flexure of the praebrachial, and by
more than its length from the border. Abdomen long, obconical ; base,
tip, hind borders of segments, and dorsal stripe black.
Rare. In Mr. Desvignes's collection. (E.)

18. defecta, n. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, palpis nigris
apicefulvis, thorace nigro-trivittato, alis subcinereis, alulis albis, abdo-
raine elliptico tessellato. Long. 5 ; alar. 9 lin.

Frontalia deep black, widening in front ; bristles of the front not
descending along the face; face vertical; facialia bristly along one-
sixth of the length ; epistoma not prominent ; palpi clavate, with tawny
tips. Antennae nearly reaching the epistoma ; second joint longer than
deep ; third linear, rather deep, rounded at the tip, much longer-than
the second ; fourth very short ; fifth rather short ; sixth pubescent,
stout for one-third of the length, twice the length of the third. Costal
vein ending at some distance in front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal
vein ending at beyond one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending
at beyond half of the length ; radial vein ending at five-sixths of the
length ; cubital vein ending near the tip of the costal ; praebrachial
vein forming a very slightly obtuse angle at the flexure, slightly curved
inward from thence to the tip ; discal transverse vein with two very
slight curves, parted by about half its length from the flexure of the
praebrachial and from the border. Alula? white. Abdomen elliptical,
tessellated.

Bare. In Mr. Desvignes's collection. (E.)

19. sestiva ? Meig. Zw. iv. 278. 68 (1824). Nigra, cano-tomen-
tosa, capite albo, setisfrontalibus usque ad f add guartam extends, thorace
nigro-quadrivittato, alis cinereis, alulis albis. Long. 3£ ; alar. 7 lin.

Head white in front ; frontalia piceous, widening in front ; bristles
of the front descending to one-fourth of the face ; face vertical ; facialia
bristly to one-sixth of the length ; epistoma not prominent ; palpi
black. Antenna? nearly reaching the epistoma; second joint nearly
twice longer than deep ; third truncated, slightly convex beneath, very
much longer than the second ; fourth indistinct ; fifth very short ; sixth
bare, stout for full one-third of the length, twice the length of the
third. Costal vein with a spine at the tip of the subcostal, ending at
some little distance in front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein
ending at beyond one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at
a little beyond half of the length ; radial vein ending at five-sixths of
the length ; cubital vein forming an obtuse angle at the flexure, very

28

MUSCIDjE.

slightly curved inward from thence to the tip ; discal transverse vein
with two indistinct curves, parted by much less than its length from
the flexure of the prsebrachial and from the border. Abdomen ellip-
tical ; hind borders of the segments black.

Bare. In Mr. Desvignes's collection. (E.)

20. stabulans? Meig. Zw. iv. 306. 115 (1824). Nigra, cano-
tomentosa, capite albo, setis frontalibus faciem quarta excepta includen-
tibus, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alis cinereis, alulis albis. Long. 3 ;
alar. 6 lin.

Bristles of the front descending to three-fourths of the face ; rather
narrow; face vertical; facialia without bristles; epistoma not promi-
nent ; palpi black. Antennas almost reaching the epistoma ; second
joint nearly twice longer than deep ; third linear, rounded at the tip,
very much longer than the second ; fourth very short ; fifth rather
long ; sixth bare, stout for more than one-third of the length, twice
the length of the third. Costal vein ending at far in front of the tip
of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at about one-third of the length ;
mediastinal vein ending at before half of the length ; radial vein ending
at three-fourths of the length ; cubital vein ending very near the tip of
the costal ; prasbrachial vein forming an obtuse angle at the flexure,
which emits a long branch, near this it is very slightly bent inward,
and is thence straight to the tip ; discal transverse vein much curved
inward behind the middle, parted by a little more than half its length
from the flexure of the prasbrachial, and by a little less than its length
from the border. Abdomen long, obconical ; base, tip, dorsal stripe,
and hind borders of the segments black and shining.

Rare. In Mr. Desvignes's collection. (E.)

21. vulpina, Fal. Msc. 23. 47 (1810); Meig.! vii. pi. 70. f. 18;
Mcq. ; Zett. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite flavo albo-tomentoso, tho-
race nigro quinquevittato, humeris scutelloque testaceis, alis et alulis
subcinereis, abdomine ferrugineo albo tessellato nigro-vittato, pedibus
ful vis, tarsis nigris. Long. 5 ; alar. 9 lin.

Frontalia luteous ; face vertical ; bristles of the front descending to
one-fourth of the length of the face ; facialia without bristles ; epistoraa
prominent ; palpi black. Antennas black, almost reaching the epistoma ;
second joint thrice longer than deep ; third as long as the second, in-
creasing in breadth from the base to the tip, which is truncated ; sixth
stout, bare, about twice the length of the third. Subcostal vein about
one-third of the length of the wing ; mediastinal vein about half the
length ; radial vein ending at much beyond three-fourths of the length ;
cubital vein joining the costal very near its tip ; prasbrachial vein form-
ing a very slightly obtuse angle at its flexure, which emits a very long
branch, beyond this it is very slightly inclined inward, and is thence
almost straight to its tip ; transverse veins slightly clouded with brown ;
discal transverse vein almost straight, excepting a^ slight outward curve

TACHINA. 29

near its tip, parted from the border by very much more than its own
length, and by one-fourth of its length from the flexure of the praebra-
chial. Abdomen ferruginous, with a black stripe, tessellated with
white.

Not rare. (E. S.)

22. analis, Desv. E. M. 54. 4 (1830). Nigra, cinereo-tomentosa,
capite albo, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, scutello ferrugineo, abdomine
nigro, alis cinereis, alulis albidis, abdomine obconico tessellato. Long.
5£; alar. 11 lin.

Frontalia widening in front ; bristles of the front descending to one-
third of the face ; face vertical ; facialia without bristles ; epistoma
prominent. Antennae nearly reaching the epistoma; second joint
almost twice longer than deep ; third sublinear, rather deep, very much
longer than the second, rounded at the tip ; fourth short ; fifth rather
long ; sixth bare, tapering from the base to the tip, twice the length of
the third. Abdomen black. Costal vein ending at some distance in
front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at beyond one-third
of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at much beyond one-third of
the length ; radial vein ending at five-sixths of the length ; cubital vein
ending near the tip of the costal ; prsebrachial vein forming a right
angle at the flexure, which emits a branch, curved inward near this,
and thence straight to the tip ; discal transverse vein with two indis-
tinct curves, parted by one-third of its length from the flexure of the
prabrachial, and by much less than its length from the border.

Rare. In Mr. Desvignes's collection. (E.)

23. viridulans, n. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, thorace
nigro-trivittato, alis cinereis basi subfuscis, alulis subcinereis, abdo-
mine ovato nigro-viridi vix tessellato. Long. 3f ; alar. 8 lin.

Frontalia piceous; bristles of the front descending to one-third of
the face; facialia without bristles; epistoma pale testaceous, slightly
prominent; lateralia red. Antennae nearly reaching the epistoma;
third joint a little longer than the second, increasing in breadth towards
the tip, which is slightly rounded ; fifth longer ; sixth stout, especially
towards the base, nearly twice the length of the third; costal vein
ending at very little in front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein
ending at beyond one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at
beyond half of the length ; radial vein ending at beyond four-fifths of
the length ; cubital vein joining the costal near its tip ; praebrachial
vein emitting a short branch at its flexure, very slightly curved inward
from thence to its tip ; discal transverse vein with the fore curve very
slight, the hind one hardly perceptible, parted from the border and
from the flexure of the prsebrachial more than half its length.

Not common. (E.)

24. aenea, Meig. Zw. iv. 273. 60 (1824); Mcq.; Zett. — atrata,

30 MUSCID^E.

Fal. Nigra, cinereo-tomentosa, capite albo, thorace nigro-quadrivittato,
alls at alulis cinereis, abdomine obconico (sneo, tibiis ferrugineis. Long.
3£ ; alar. 8 lin.

Frontalia deep black ; bristles of the front descending nearly along
the whole face ; face vertical ; facialia with bristles along one-sixth of
the length ; epistoma not prominent. Antenna? not reaching the epi-
stoma ; second joint nearly twice longer than deep ; third sublinear,
longer than the second, rounded at the tip ; fourth almost obsolete ;
fifth very short ; sixth bare, stout at the base, more than twice the
length of the third. Costal vein ending at very little in front of the
tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at one-third of the length ;
mediastinal vein ending at half of the length ; radial vein ending at
five-sixths of the length ; cubital vein ending near the costal ; prabra-
chial vein forming a very obtuse angle at its flexure, hardly carved in-
ward from thence to the tip ; discal transverse vein with two distinct
curves, parted by much more than half its own length from the flexure
of the prsebrachial, and by little more than half from the border. Ab-

Rare. In the late Mr. Stephens's collection. (E.)

25. corusca, Meig. Zw. iv. 273. 61 (1824). ^Enea, capite albo,
thorace vix vittato, alis sublimpidis, alulis subcinereis, abdomine longi-
ovato cupreo. Long. 3 ; alar. 5 lin.

Frontalia red, widening in front ; bristles of the front descending to
half the length of the face ; face vertical ; facialia without bristles ;
epistoma slightly prominent ; lateralia red. Antenna? reaching the
epistoma ; second joint veiy much longer than deep ; third nearly
linear, rising in front, truncated, nearly twice longer than the second ;
fourth short ; fifth long ; sixth pubescent, stout to the tip, longer than
the third. Costal vein ending at very little in front of the tip of the
wing ; subcostal vein ending at one-third of the length ; mediastinal
vein ending at half of the length ; radial vein ending at five-sixths of
the length ; cubital vein ending near the tip of the costal ; prasbrachial
vein forming a rounded and very obtuse angle at the flexure, hardly
curved inward from thence to the tip ; discal transverse vein with two
very indistinct curves, parted by a little more than its length from the
flexure of the prabrachial, and by a little less from the border. Abdo-
men cupreous.

Eare. In Mr. Desvignes's collection. (E.)

26. chalybeata, Meig. Zw. iv. 271. 56 (1824) ; Mcq. ; Zett.
Nigra, capite albo, alis cinereis basi et antice subfuscis, alulis cinereis,
abdomine longi-ovato nigro. Long. 4 ; alar. 8 lin.

Bristles of the front descending along one-fourth of the face ; face
vertical ; facialia without bristles along one-eighth of the length ; epi-
stoma not prominent ; eyes hairy. Antennae not reaching the epistoma ;
second joint much longer than deep ; third linear, rounded at the tip,

TACHINA. 31

nearly twice the length of the second ; fourth and fifth very short ; sixth
very minutely pubescent, stout for one-fourth of the length from the
base, more than twice the length of the third. Wings grey, with a
brownish tinge at the base and in front ; costal vein ending at a short
distance in front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at less
than one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at less than half
of the length ; radial vein ending at about five-sixths of the length ;
cubital vein ending very near the costal ; praebrachial vein forming a
very obtuse and not sharply-defined angle at its flexure, straight from
thence to the tip ; discal transverse vein with two distinct curves, parted
by much less than its length from the flexure of the prsebrachial, aad
by half its length from the border. Alula3 grey. Abdomen elongate
oval, black.

Not common. (E.)

27. trenrala, L. S. N. iii. c. 152 (1767) ; F. ; Schr. F. B. ; Gmel. ;
Fal. ; Mcq.; Zett. — grossa, Schr. I. A. Nigra, cinereo-subtomentosa,
capite albo, alls albidis, venis luteis fulvo subnebulosis, alulis albis, ab-
domine longi-ovato nigro. Long. 4 ; alar. 8 lin.

Frontalia deep black, broad, linear ; bristles of the front descending
along one-fourth of the face ; face slightly oblique ; facialia with bristles
along one-sixth of the length ; epistoma not prominent ; eyes hairy.
Antennas almost reaching the epistoma ; first and second joints ferru-
ginous at the tips ; second very much longer than deep ; third sub-
linear, slightly truncated, nearly twice the length of the second ; fourth
and fifth short ; sixth very minutely pubescent, stout for one- fourth of
the length, full twice the length of the third. Wings whitish, slightly
tawny along the luteous veins ; costal vein ciliated, with a spine at the
tip of the subcostal, ending at some distance in front of the tip of the
wing ; subcostal vein ending at much beyond one-third of the length ;
mediastinal vein ending at much beyond half of the length ; radial vein
ending at beyond five-sixths of the length ; cubital vein ending at near
the end of the costal ; prsebrachial vein forming a very obtuse angle at
its flexure, hardly curved inward from thence to the tip ; discal trans-
verse vein with two very indistinct curves, parted by hardly less than
its length from the flexure of the prsebrachial, and by much less from
the border. Abdomen black.

Not common. (E.)

28. intercedens, n. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite argenteo,
tliorace nigro-quadrivittato, alls cinereis basi testaceis, alulis flavo-albis,
abdomine subelliptico, segmentorum marginibus posticis nigris. Long.
4 ; alar. 8 lin.

Frontalia deep black, widening in front; face vertical; bristles of
the front descending to one-sixth of the face ; facialia bristly for one-
sixth of the length ; epistoma not prominent ; eyes bare. Antennas
almost reaching the epistoma ; second joint much longer than deep ;

32 MUSCIDJ3.

third linear, subtruncated, longer by half than the second; fourth
almost obsolete ; fifth very short ; sixth bare, stout for half the length,
nearly twice the length of the third ; thorax with four black stripes.
Wings grey, testaceous at the base ; costal vein ending at very little in
front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at beyond one-third
of the length ; inediastinal vein ending at a little beyond half of the
length ; radial vein ending at five-sixths of the length ; cubital vein
ending very near the tip of the costal ; pra3brachial vein forming an
obtuse angle at the flexure, very slightly curved inward from thence to
the tip ; discal transverse vein with two slight curves, parted by little
less than its length from the flexure of the pra3brachial, rather nearer
to the border.

Rare. In the late Mr. Stephens's collection. (E.)

29. reclusa, n. Nigra, gracilis, cano-subtomentosa, capite albo,
thorace nigro-trivittato, alls subcinereis, alulis albis, abdomine fusiformi
e maculis nigris trivittato. Long. 2-| ; alar. 4^- lin.

Frontalia concave, with grey tomentum ; bristles of the front not de-
scending along the face ; facialia without bristles ; epistoma testaceous
and slightly prominent ; eyes bare. Antennas not reaching the epistoma ;
third joint rounded at the tip, very little longer than the second ; sixth
plumose and stout towards the base, more than twice the length of the
third ; thorax with three black stripes. Wings slightly grey ; costal
vein ending where the prasbrachial meets it at some little distance in
front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at about one-third
of the length ; mediastinal vein ending before half the length ; radial
vein ending at a little beyond three-fourths of the length -, cubital vein
joining the costal near its tip ; prasbrachial vein forming an obtuse
angle at its flexure, near which it is slightly curved inward, and is
thence almost straight to its tip ; discal trauverse vein with two very
slight curves, parted from the hind border by more than its length, and
by much more than half its length from the flexure of the praebrachial.

Not common. (E.)

30. inter chisa, n. Nigra, gracilis, cinereo-subtomentosa, capite
cano, thorace nan vittato, alls cinereis) alulis albis, abdomine cylindrico.
Long. 1^ ; alar. 3^ lin.

Bristles of the front descending to one-fourth of the face ; facialia
without bristles ; epistoma slightly prominent ; eyes bare. AntennaB
not reaching the epistoma ; third joint very broad, straight above, con-
vex beneath, very oblique at the tip, longer than the second ; sixth
pubescent and stout towards the base, almost twice the length of the
third ; thorax not striped. Wings grey ; costal vein ending in front at
some distance from the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at about
one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at before half of the
length ; radial vein ending at a little before four-fifths of the length ;
cubital vein slightly undulating, joining the costal very near its tip ;

TACH1NA. 33

praebrachial vein forming an obtuse angle at its flexure, near which it
is very slightly curved inward, and is thence straight to its tip ; discal
transverse vein with two slight curves, parted from the hind border by
rather less than twice its own length, and by much less than its length
from the flexure of the prabrachial.
Rare. (E.)

31. roralis, L. Fn. 1846 (1761); F. ; Schr.; Gmel.; Fal. ;
Desv. ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Desv.; Zett. — grossifaationis, L. ; F. ; Schr.;
Gmel. ; Desv. — interventum, Har. Atra, gracilis, alis nigricantibus,
marginibus posticis pallidioribus apice albis, alulis nigricantibus, ab-
domine subcyliudrico. Long. 2 ; alar. 3£ lin.

Frontalia not shining ; bristles of the front descending to half of the
length of the face ; facialia slightly concave, beset with bristles along
nearly the whole length ; epistoma not prominent ; eyes bare. Antennas
not near reaching the epistoma ; third joint linear, rounded at the tip,
a little longer than the second ; sixth minutely pubescent, full thrice
the length of the third. Wings blackish, pale along the hind border,
with a white spot on the hind part of each tip ; costal vein ending in
front at a little distance from the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein end-
ing at beyond one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at be-
fore one-third of the length ; radial vein ending at about five-sixths of
the length ; cubital vein joining the costal at its tip ; prasbrachial vein
forming an obtuse and not sharply-defined angle at its flexure, and
another very obtuse angle near its tip, which joins the cubital far from
the tip of the latter ; discal transverse vein indistinctly inclined out-
ward, parted from the hind border and from the flexure of the prabra-
chial by about thrice its length.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

32. continua, Panzer! Fn. Ix. 19; Meig. Nigra, aureo-sub-
tomentosa, subtus albida, capite argenteo, alis sublimpidis, alulis flavo-
albis, abdomine brevi-obconico luteo cinereo-vittato. Long. 2£; alar.
5 lin.

Head broad ; frontalia black, very narrow ; bristles of the front de-
scending to one-fourth of the length of the face ; face vertical ; facialia
without bristles ; epistoma not prominent ; eyes bare. AntennaB not
reaching the epistoma ; second joint hardly longer than deep ; third
subfusifqrm, more than twice the length of the second ; fourth very
short ; fifth long ; sixth bare, stout to the tip, much longer than the
third. Costal vein ending at hardly in front of the tip of the wing ;
subcostal vein ending at beyond one-third of the length ; mediastinal
vein ending at a little beyond half of the length ; radial vein ending at
beyond five-sixths of the length ; cubital vein ending near the tip of
the costal ; prasbrachial vein forming a gentle curve at its flexure, very
slightly curved inward from thence to its tip ; discal transverse vein
with two slight curves, parted by less than its length from the flexure

VOL. II. P

34 MUSCIDjE.

of the pvsebrachial, and by half its length from the border. Abdomen
luteous.

Bare. In the late Mr. Stephens's collection. (E.)

33. inter cepta, n. Nigra, cano-subtomentosa, capite albo, oculis
nudis, palpis fulvis, thorace nigro-trivittato, alls cinereis basi et apud
venas subfuscis, alulis albis, abdomine ovato. Long. 2f ; alar. 5^ lin.

Frontalia dull black ; bristles of the front descending to one-eighth
of the face ; facialia without bristles ; epistoma not prominent ; eyes
bare; palpi tawny. Antennae not reaching the epistoma; third joint
about twice longer than broad, rounded at the tip, a little longer than
the second ; sixth minutely pubescent, stout towards the base, much
more than twice the length of the third. Costal vein ending a little
above the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at about one-third of
the length ; mediastinal vein ending before half the length ; radial
vein ending at much beyond three-fourths of the length ; cubital vein
joining the costal very near its tip ; prsebrachial vein forming a very
obtuse but sharply-defined angle at its flexure, almost straight from
thence to its tip, which joins the cubital near the tip of the latter ;
discal transverse vein with two very slight curves, parted by hardly
less than its length from the flexure of the praBbrachial and from the
border. Var. /3, discal transverse vein emitting a short branch on the
inner side.

Bare. (E.)

34. lateralis, F. S. I. ii. 443. 37 (1781); Schr. ; Gmel. ;
Meig. — rufomaculata, D. G. — tachinaria, Fal. ; Schell. ! G. M. pi. 3.
f. 3. Nigra, cinereo-tomentosa, capite albo, oculis kirtis, thorace nigro-
quadrivittato, alis cinereis apud venas fuscis, alulis albis, abdomine fusi-
formi rufo, vitta dorsali apiceque nigris. Long. 3-4 ; alar. 6-8 lin.

Frontalia deep black, slightly widening in front ; bristles of the
front descending to one-fourth of the face ; face vertical ; facialia
bristly for one-sixth of the length ; epistoma not prominent ; eyes haij-y.
Antennae reaching the epistoma ; second joint more than twice longer
than deep ; third straight above, slightly convex beneath, rounded at
the tip, very little longer than the second ; fourth and fifth long ; sixth
minutely pubescent, stout for more than one-third of the length, nearly
twice the length of the third. Costal vein with a spine at the tip of
the subcostal, ending at some distance in front of the tip of the wing ;
subcostal vein ending at beyond one-third of the length; medias-
tinal vein ending at hardly beyond half of the length ; radial vein
ending at about four-fifths of the length; cubital vein ending very
near the tip of the costal ; prasbrachial vein forming an obtuse angle at
the flexure, straight from thence to the tip, which joins the cubital near
the tip of the latter; discal transverse vein with the hinder curve
deeper than the fore one, parted by a little less than its length from
the border, and by a little more than half its length from the flexure

TACHINA. 35

of the prsebrachial. Abdomen fusiform, red; dorsal stripe and tip
black.

Not rare. (E.)

35. simplex, Fal. Rhzm. 8. 10 (1810) ; Meig. Nigra, capite
albo antice testaceo, antennarum articulo sexto ad trientem incrassato,
palpis fulvis, alis limpidis, alulis albis, abdomine subfusiformi. Long.
1 J ; alar. 3 lin.

Frontalia piceous ; bristles of the front descending to one-eighth of
the face ; facialia without bristles ; epistoma very slightly prominent ;
palpi very short ; eyes bare. Antenna not reaching the epistoma ;
third joint rounded towards the tip, a little longer than the second ;
sixth minutely pubescent, stout for one-third of the length from the
base, more than twice the length of the third. Wings limpid ; costal
vein ending where the cubital meets it at a short distance in front of
the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at beyond one-third of the
length ; mediastinal vein ending at a little before half of the length ;
radial vein ending at about five-sixths of the length ; prasbrachial vein
forming a slightly obtuse angle at its flexure, which emits a short branch,
from thence it is almost straight to its tip, and joining the cubital very
far from the tip of the latter ; discal transverse vein slightly curved
inward in the middle, parted by much more than its length from the
flexure of the prasbrachial and from the border ; Male, prasbrachial vein
forming a very obtuse angle at its flexure, which does not emit a branch ;
discal transverse vein much curved inward.

Bare. (E.)

36. caminaria, n. Nigra, capite argenteo, antennarum articulo
sexto fere ad trientem incrassato, alis cinereis antice subfuscis, alulis albis,
abdomine longi-elliptico. Long. 3 ; alar. 5 lin.

Frontalia deep black ; bristles of the front descending to one-fourth
of the face ; face vertical ; facialia without bristles ; epistoma not pro-
minent ; eyes bare. Antennae not reaching the epistoma ; second joint
longer than deep ; third linear, rounded at the tip, longer than the
second ; fourth indistinct ; fifth short ; sixth pubescent, stout for near
one-third of the length, more than twice the length of the third. Cos-
tal vein ending at some distance in front of the tip of the wing ; sub-
costal vein ending at one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending
at much before half of the length ; radial vein ending at four-fifths of
the length ; cubital vein ending very near the tip of the costal ; prse-
brachial vein forming a very obtuse angle at its flexure, straight from
thence to the tip, which joins the cubital far from the tip of the latter ;
discal transverse vein hardly curved outward, parted by its length from
the flexure of the prabrachial, and by a little more from the border.

Rare. In the late Mr. Stephens's collection. (E.)

37. interlatens, n. Nigra, gracilis, cinereo-subtoinentosa, capite

86 MUSCID^E.

albo, antennarum articulo sexto tertio plus duplo longiore, alis cinereis,
alulis albis, abdomine fusiformi. Long. If ; alar. 3 lin.

Frontalia black ; bristles of the front not descending along the face ;
facialia short, slightly concave, without bristles ; epistoma not promi-
nent ; eyes bare. Antennae not reaching the epistoma ; third joint
linear, rounded at the tip, longer than the second ; sixth more than
twice the length of the third. Costal vein ending at hardly in front of
the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at a little before one-third
of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at much before half the length ;
radial vein ending at about four-fifths of the length ; cubital vein join-
ing the costal at its tip ; preebrachial vein forming an obtuse angle at
its flexure, almost straight from thence to its tip, which joins the cubital
at some distance from the tip of the latter ; discal transverse vein
straight, parted by much more than its length from the flexure of the
prsebrachial and from the border.

Eare. (E.)

38. expetita, n. Nigra, gracilis, capite albo, antennarum articulo
sexto tertio triplo longiore, alis cinereis, alulis albis, abdomine cylindrico
lateribus albo subtessellatis. Long. If ; alar. 3 lin.

"Frontalia deep black ; bristles of the front descending to one-third
of the face ; facialia without bristles ; epistoma slightly prominent ;
eyes bare. Antennae not reaching the epistoma; third joint linear,
rounded at the tip, longer' than the second ; sixth about thrice the
length of the third. Wings grey ; costal vein ending at very little in
front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at about one-third
of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at long before half the length ;
radial vein ending at about four-fifths of the length ; cubital vein join-
ing the costal at its tip ; praebrachial vein forming an obtuse and not
sharply defined angle at its flexure, from whence it is almost straight
to its tip, which joins the cubital at some distance from the tip of the
latter ; discal transverse vein straight, its distance from the hind border
much more than its length from the border, and by less than twice its
length from the flexure of the prsebrachial.

Eare. (E.)

39. atramentaria, Meg. ; Meig. Zw. iv. 291. 93 (1824). Nigra,
cano-tomentosa, capite albo, thorace nigro-trivittato, alis cinereis basi
et apud venas subfuscis, vena prcebrachiali cubitali conjuncta, alulis
albidis, abdomine fusiformi, dorso et marginibus posticis nigris. Long.
2^-3 ; alar. 5-6 lin.

Frontalia deep black ; bristles of the front descending to one-third
of the face ; facialia without bristles ; epistoma not prominent ; eyes
bare ; palpi slender. Antenna? not reaching the epistoma ; third joint
sublinear, almost truncate at the tip, much longer than the second,
about twice the length of the third ; thorax with three black stripes.
Wings grey, brownish at the base and along the veins; costal vein

TACHINA. 37

ending a little above the tip of the wing; subcostal vein much less
than one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at a little more
than one-third of the length ; radial vein ending at a little beyond three-
fourths of the length ; praebracliial vein forming an obtuse and not
sharply defined angle at its flexure, almost straight from thence to its
tip, which joins the cubital far from tlie tip of the latter ; discal trans-
verse vein with two hardly perceptible curves, parted by very much
more than its own length from the border, and by more than its length
from the flexure of the prsebrachial. Alulae whitish. Abdomen fusiform.
Not rare. (E.)

40. anthracina, Meig. Zw. iv. 289. 90 (1824). Nigra, nitens,
alis cinereis, venis cubitali et prabrachiali non conjunctis, alulis albidis,
abdomine longi-obconico cinereo-tomentoso marginibus posticis nigris.
Long. 3 ; alar. 6 lin.

Frontalia deep black, widening in front; bristles of the front de-
scending along the whole face ; face vertical ; facialia bristly for half
the length ; epistoma not prominent ; eyes bare. Antennae not reach-
ing the epistoma ; second joint longer than deep ; third linear, rounded
at the tip, longer than the second ; fourth and fifth very short ; sixth
more than twice the length of the third. Wings grey ; costal vein
ending at hardly in front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending
at a little beyond one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at a
little before half of the length ; radial vein ending at a little before five-
sixths of the length ; praebrachial vein forming a very obtuse angle at
the flexure, very slightly curved inward from thence to the tip ; discal
transverse vein straight, with the exception of a very slight hinder
inward curve, parted by a little less than its length from the flexure of
the praebrachial, and by much less from the border. Alula3 whitish.
Abdomen long-obconical, with grey tomentum, excepting the hind bor-
ders of the segments.

Rare. In the late Mr. Stephens' s collection. (E.)

41. interlapsa, n. Nigra, gracilis, alis alulisque nigricantibus,
venis cubitali et prcebracUali conjunct^ abdomine subcylindrico. Long.
H ; alar. 3 lin.

Bristles of the front descending to one-third of the face ; face slightly
oblique ; facialia beset with bristles for one-third of the length ; epi-
stoma slightly prominent ; eyes bare. Antennae not near reaching the
epistoma ; third joint not much longer than broad, rounded at the tip,
a little longer than the second ; sixth joint four times ? longer than the
third. Wings blackish; costal vein ending at very little in front of
the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at beyond one-third of the
length ; mediastinal vein ending at before half the length ; radial vein
ending at a little beyond five-sixths of the length ; prabrachial vein
forming an obtuse and not sharply defined angle at its flexure, straight
from thence to its tip, joining the cubital at about four-fifths of

38 MUSCID^E.

the length of the latter; discal transverse vein straight, obliquely
parted from the hind border by about thrice its own length from the
border, and by more than twice its length from the flexure of the prae-
brachial.

Bare. (E.)

42. intersecta, n. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, palpis
mgris, thorace nigro-trivittato, alis cinereis basi et apud costam obscu-
rioribus, alulis subcinereis, abdomirie obconico tessellato hirsutissimo.
Long. 2 1 ; alar. 5 lin.

Frontalia widening in front ; bristles of the front descending to half
the length of the face ; face vertical ; facialia bristly to half the length ;
epistoma not prominent ; palpi black. Antennae not reaching the epi-
stoma ; second joint a little longer than deep ; third linear, truncated,
twice the length of the second ; fourth indistinct ; fifth very short ;
sixth bare, stout to half the length, nearly twice the length of the third ;
thorax with three black stripes. Costal vein prominent as far as the tip
of the subcostal, where it is armed with a spine, ending at a little in
front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at much beyond
one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at a little beyond half
of the length ; radial vein ending at five-sixths of the length ; cubital
vein ending very near the tip of the costal ; praebrachial vein forming
a right angle at the flexure, which emits a very short branch, much
curved inward between this and the tip ; discal transverse vein curved
inward, parted by less than its length from the border, and by very
much more than its length from the flexure of the pra3brachial.

Rare. In Mr. Desvignes's collection. (E.)

43. evocata, n. Nigro-senea, cinereo-subtomentosa, palpis nigrist
capite albo, thorace non vittato, alis nigricantibus apice margineque
postico albidis, alulis albis, abdomine subfusiformi. Long. 2 ; alar.
3i lin.

Frontalia deep black; bristles of the front descending along the
whole face ; epistoma not prominent ; palpi black. Antennae nearly
reaching the epistoma ; third joint slender, linear, rounded at the tip,
about thrice the length of the second; sixth much longer than the
third. Thorax not striped. Costal vein ending in front at a short dis-
tance from the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at about one-
third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending before half the length ;
radial vein ending at about five-sixths of the length ; cubital vein join-
ing the costal at its tip ; praebrachial vein forming a slightly acute
angle at its flexure, near which it is curved inward, and is thence indis-
tinctly curved outward to its tip, joining the cubital far from the tip of
the latter ; discal transverse vein with two very slight curves, parted
by very much more than its own length from the border and from the
flexure of the praebrachial.

Not common. (E.)

TACHINA. 39

44. nsta, Zett. D. S. iii. 1044. 36 (1844). Nigra, cano-tomen-
tosa, capite pallide flavo, palpis fulvisy thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alis
subcinereis, alulis albis, abdomine tessellato. Long. 4 ; alar. 8 lin.

Frontalia deep black ; bristles of the front descending to one-third
of the face ; epistoma hardly prominent ; palpi tavmy. Antennae not
reaching the epistoma ; third joint much longer than the second, linear,
slightly rounded at the tip ; fifth distinct ; sixth bare, about twice the
length of the third ; thorax with four black stripes. Costal vein end-
ing at far in front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein about one-
third of the length ; mediastinal vein a little less than half the length ;
radial vein ending beyond three-fourths of the length ; cubital vein
joining the costal very near its tip ; praebrachial vein forming a hardly
obtuse angle at its flexure, near which it is slightly curved inward, and
is thence almost straight to its tip ; discal transverse vein with the
basal curve inward, more distinct than the other which is outward,
parted by more than its length from the border, and by much less than
its length from the flexure of the praebrachial.

Bare. (E.)

45. intermixta, n. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, palpis
fulvis, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alis cinereis, alulis subcinereis, abdo-
mine ovato tessellato segmentorum marginibus posticis vittaque dorsali
nigris. Long. 3f ; alar. 8 lin.

Frontalia deep black, slightly widening in front ; bristles of the front
descending to half the length of the face ; face vertical ; epistoma not
prominent. Antennas reaching the epistoma ; second joint more than
twice longer than deep ; third linear, rounded at the tip, much longer
than the second ; fourth indistinct ; fifth short ; sixth bare, more than
twice the length of the third ; thorax with four black stripes. Costal
vein ending at some distance in front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal
vein ending at beyond one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending
at a little beyond half of the length ; radial vein ending at before five-
sixths of the length ; cubital vein ending very near the tip of the cos-
tal ; preebrachial vein forming a very slightly obtuse angle at the flexure,
very slightly curved inward from thence to the tip ; discal transverse
vein with a very deep hinder curve, parted by much less than its length
from the flexure of the prsebrachial, and by more than half its length
from the border. Abdomen oval, tessellated ; hind borders of segments
and dorsal stripe black.

Rare. In Mr. Desvignes's collection. (E.)

46. nana, Steph. MSS. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, tho-
race nigro-bivittato, alis sublimpidis, alulis albis, abdomine subelliptico
segmento primo vittaque dorsali nigris. Long. 1£ ; alar. 2£ lin.

Frontalia deep black, linear ; bristles of the front descending to one-
third of the face ; face vertical ; epistoma not prominent. Antennae
reaching the epistoma ; second joint a little longer than deep ; third

40 MUSCID^E.

decreasing in depth from the base to the tip, which is rounded, more
than twice the length of the second ; fourth almost obsolete ; fifth very
short ; sixth very minutely pubescent, nearly twice the length of the
third ; thorax with two very slender black stripes. Costal vein ending
at some little distance in front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein
ending at beyond one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at
a little beyond half of the length ; radial vein ending at five-sixths of
the length ; cubital vein ending very near the tip of the costal ; prae-
brachial vein forming an obtuse angle at its flexure, hardly curved in-
ward from thence to the tip, which joins the tip of the cubital ; discal
transverse vein slightly curved inward, parted by more than its length
from the flexure of the praebrachial, and by a little less from the border.
Hind borders of the second and third segments of the abdomen with a
black spot on each side.

Eare. In the late Mr. Stephens's collection. (E.)

47. conica, Fal. Muse. 19. 14 (1810); Meig. Nigra, cinereo-
tomentosa, capite albo, palpis nigris, antennarum articulo sexto nudo,
thoracis lateribus albidis, alis sublimpidis, alulis albis, abdomine obco-
nico e maculis fuscis trivittato. Long. 2 ; alar. 4 lin.

Bristles of the front not descending below the eyes ; face vertical ;
epistoma not prominent; palpi black, very slender. Antennce not
reaching the epistoma; second joint a little longer than deep; third
linear, truncated, about twice the length of the second ; fourth indis-
tinct ; fifth short ; sixth bare, very much longer than the third. Cos-
tal vein ending at some distance in front of the tip of the wing ; sub-
costal vein ending at a little beyond one-third of the length ; medias-
tinal vein ending at before half of the length ; radial vein ending at
about five-sixths of the length ; cubital vein ending at near the tip of
the costal; prasbrachial vein forming a hardly obtuse angle at the
flexure, curved inward near this, and thence straight to the tip ; discal
transverse vein with two very slight curves, parted by much less than
its length from the flexure of the praabrachial and from the border.

Eare. In Mr. Desvignes's collection. (E.)

48. evoluta, n. Nigra, gracilis, cinereo-tomentosa, capite albo,
palpis nigris, antennarum articulo sexto fere ad trientem pubescente, alis
cinereis, alulis albis, abdomine longi-obconico tessellato. Long. 2£ ;
alar. 4 lin.

Frontalia deep black ; bristles of the front descending to one-third
of the face ; epistoma not prominent ; palpi Hack. Antennae not reach-
ing the epistoma ; third joint linear, rather broad, rounded at the tip,
less than twice the length of the second ; sixth pubescent for nearly
one-third of the length, nearly twice the length of the third. Costal
vein ending at some distance in front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal
ending at a little beyond one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein
ending at a little before half the length ; radial vein ending at a little

TACHINA. 41

before four-fifths of the length ; cubital vein slightly undulating, joining
the costal very near its tip ; prasbrachial vein forming a hardly obtuse
angle at its flexure, near which it is curved inward, and is thence almost
straight to its tip ; discal transverse vein almost straight, parted from
the border by much more than its own length, and by a little less than
its length from the flexure of the praebrachial.
Bare. (E.)

49. particeps, n. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, palpisful-
vis, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alis subcinereis, alulis albis, abdomine
subelliptico subtessellato. Long. 3 ; alar. 6 lin.

Frontalia piceous ; bristles of the front descending to half the length
of the face ; epistoma not prominent. Palpi tawny. Antenna not reach-
ing the epistoma ; third joint slightly increasing in depth from the base
to the tip, which is rounded, longer than the second ; sixth stout for one-
third of the length, very much longer than the third. Costal vein ending
at some distance from the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at about
one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending before half the length ;
radial vein ending at about four-fifths of the length ; cubital vein join-
ing the costal near its tip ; prffibrachial vein forming a slightly obtuse
angle at its flexure, near which it is slightly inch'ned inward, and is
thence almost straight to its tip ; discal transverse vein very oblique,
with two slight curves, parted by more than its own length from the
border, and by much less than its length from the flexure of the prse-
brachial.

Bare. (E.)

50. exact a, n. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, antennarum articulo sexto
usque ad dimidium incrassato, thorace nigro-quinquevittato, alis cinereis,
abdomine elliptico tessellato. Long. 2£ ; alar. 5^- lin.

Bristles of the front extending along the whole face ; epistoma pro-
minent. Antenna not reaching the epistoma; third joint linear,
obliquely truncated at the tip, very much longer than the second ; sixth
pubescent and stout for nearly half the length, more than twice the
length of the third. Costal vein ending in front at some distance from
the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at about one-third of the
length ; mediastinal vein ending at a little before half the length ; radial
vein ending at a little before four-fifths of the length ; cubital vein
slightly undulating, joining the costal very near its tip ; prsebrachial
vein forming a slightly obtuse angle at its flexure, near which it is
slightly curved inward, and is thence almost straight to its tip ; discal
transverse vein with two distinct curves, parted by very much more
than its length from the border, and by much less than its length from
the flexure of the prsebrachial.

Bare. (E.) *

* In page 16 a species has been referred to here, and No. 51 is omitted that the
grouping may correspond with the descriptions.

VOL. II. G

42 MUSCID.E.

52. agilis? Meig. Zw. iv. 307. 118 (1824). Nigra, cano-loraen-
tosa, capite albo, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alulis albis, abdomine ovato,
segmentorum marginibus posticis basi vittaque dorsali nigris. Long. 3^ ;
alar. 6 lin.

Frontalia deep black, linear ; bristles of the front descending nearly
to half of the face ; face vertical ; epistoma not prominent. Antennae
reaching the epistoma ; second joint nearly twice longer than deep ;
third linear, truncated, more than twice the length of the second ; fourth
very short ; fifth long ; sixth bare, longer than the third. Costal vein
ending far in front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at
one-third of the length; mediastinal vein ending at one-half of the
length ; radial vein ending at very little beyond three-fourths of the
length ; cubital vein ending very near the tip of the costal ; prsebra-
chial vein forming an obtuse angle, slightly curved inward from thence
to the tip ; discal transverse vein slightly undulating, parted by nearly
its length from the flexure of the prasbrachial, and by much more from
the border. Abdomen oval; a slender dorsal stripe, first segment and
hind borders of the following segments black.

Rare. In the late Mr. Stephens' s collection. (E.)

53. rubrica, Meig. Zw. iv. 255. 27 (1824). Nigra, cano-tomen-
tosa, capite albo, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alis subcinereis basi sub-
fuscis, alulis albis, abdomine ovato fulvo, vitta dorsali abbreviata nigra,
tibiis fulvis. Long. 4f ; alar. 10 lin.

Erontalia nearly linear, piceous, ferruginous in front ; bristles of the
front descending to one-fourth of the face ; face vertical ; lateralia red ;
epistoma not prominent ; palpi testaceous. Antennae red, reaching the
epistoma ; second joint much longer than deep ; third subfusiform,
truncated, piceous above and at the tip, much more than twice the
length of the second ; fourth and fifth very short ; sixth very minutely
pubescent, nearly twice the length of the third. Costal vein ending at
some distance in front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at
very much beyond one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at
very much beyond half the length ; radial vein ending at a little beyond
five-sixths of the length ; cubital vein ending near the tip of the costal ;
praabrachial vein forming a very slightly obtuse angle at the flexure,
slightly curved inward from thence to the tip ; discal transverse vein
with two distinct curves, parted by rather more than half its length
from the flexure of the prabrachial and from the border. Abdomen
obconical, tawny, with a black dorsal stripe, which is broad at the base,
and does not extend to the tip ; tibice tawny.

Rare. In Mr. Desvignes's collection. (E.)

54. evidens, n. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, antennarum
articulo sexto vix quarta excepta incrassato, thorace nigro-quadrivittato,
alis subcinereis, alulis albis, abdomine ovato, segmentorum marginibus
posticis nigris. Long. 4 ; alar. 8 lin.

TACIIINA. 43

Frontalia broad, black ; bristles of the front descending to one-third
of the face ; face slightly oblique ; epistoma not prominent ; lateralia
red. Antennae almost reaching the epistoma ; third joint linear, ob-
liquely rounded at the tip, about thrice the length of the second ; sixth
stout for more than three-fourths of the length, a little longer than the
third. Costal vein ending at some distance in front of the tip of the
wing ; subcostal vein ending before one-third of the length ; mediastinal
vein ending before half the length ; radial vein ending at about three-
fourths of the length ; cubital vein joining the costal near its tip ; prae-
brachial vein forming an obtuse angle at its flexure, very slightly in-
clined inward from thence to its tip ; discal transverse vein with two
slight curves, parted by much more than its length from the border,
and by its length from the flexure of the prsebrachial.

Rare. (E.)

55. intacta, n. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, antennarum
articulo sexto ad apicem incrassato, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alis sub-
cinereis, alulis albis, abdominis segmentorum margiriibus anticis cano
interrupte fasciatis, tibiis nigris. Long. 4 ; alar. 8 lin.

Frontalia deep black ; bristles of the front descending to one-third
of the face ; face oblique ; epistoma not prominent. Antenna? reaching
the epistoma ; third joint linear, slightly and obliquely rounded at the
tip, almost thrice the length of the second ; fourth and fifth joints dis-
tinct ; sixth stout, bare. Costal vein ending far above the tip of the wing ;
subcostal vein about one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein about
half the length ; radial vein ending much beyond three-fourths of the
length ; cubital vein joining the costal near its tip ; prasbrachial vein
forming a very slightly obtuse angle at its flexure, which emits a very
short branch, near this it is slightly inclined inward, and thence straight
to its tip ; discal transverse vein almost straight, parted by more than
its length from the border, and by less than its length from the flexure
of the prasbrachial. Var. £. Prsebrachial vein without a branch ; dis-
cal transverse vein with two slight curves, parted from the border by
much more than its own length.

Bare. (E.)

56. pertinens, n. Nigra, albido-tomentosa, capite albido, frontali-
bus rufo-fulvis, antennis basi ferrugineis, articulo sexto ad apicem incras-
sato, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alis limpidis, alulis albis, abdomine ob-
conico sat longo maculis duabus testaceis, basi rnarginib usque posticis
nigris, tibiis fulms. Long. 3^ ; alar. 6^ lin.

Frontalia linear ; bristles of the front descending to one-sixth of the
face ; face vertical ; epistoma slightly prominent ; palpi tawny. An-
tennas nearly reaching the epistoma ; second joint ferruginous, nearly
twice longer than deep ; third linear, slightly truncated, a little more
than twice the length of the second ; fourth short ; fifth long ; sixth
bare stout to the tip, very much longer than the third. Costal vein

44 MUSCID.E.

with a spine by the tip of the subcostal, ending at some distance in
front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at a little beyond
one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at a little beyond half of
the length ; radial vein ending at five-sixths of the length ; cubital vein
ending near the tip of the costal ; prasbrachial vein forming an obtuse
angle at the flexure, nearly straight from thence to its tip ; discal trans-
verse vein curved outward in the middle, parted by hardly less than
its length from the border, and by more than its length from the flex-
ure of the praebrachial. Abdomen with a testaceous spot on each side
of the second segment ; tibia tawny.

Rare. In the late Mr. Stephens' s collection. (E.)

57. morosa? Meig. Zw. iv. 314. 129 (1824). Nigra, cano-
tomentosa, capite albo, antennarum urticulo tertio secundo duplo Ion-
giore, sexto nudo, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alis cinereis, alulis albis,
abdomine ovato, vitta dorsali et segmentorum marginibus posticis
nigris. Long. 2^; alar. 5 lin.

Frontalia deep black, widening in front ; bristles of the front de-
scending to beyond one-third of the length of the face ; face vertical ;
facialia bristly for one-sixth of the length ; epistoma not prominent.
AntennaB nearly reaching the epistoma ; second joint nearly twice
longer than deep ; third linear, truncated, twice tlie length of the second ;
fourth indistinct; fifth very short; sixth bare, stout for one-third of
the length, very much longer than the third. Thorax with four very
slender black stripes. Wings grey ; costal vein ending at some little
distance in front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at be-
fore one-third of the border ; mediastinal vein ending at before half of
the border ; radial vein ending at five-sixths of the border ; cubital
vein ending very near the tip of the costal ; praebrachial vein forming
an obtuse angle at the flexure, hardly curved inward from thence to the
tip ; discal transverse vein with the hinder curve much longer than the
fore one, parted by its length from the flexure of the prsebrachial, and
by a little less from the border.

Eare. In Mr. Desvignes's collection. (E.)

58. disjuncta, n. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, antennarum
articulo tertio secundo plus duplo longiore, sexto nudo, thorace nigro-
quadrivittato, alis subcinereis basi subfuscis, vena transversa discali
plus ejus longitudine ab margine remota, alulis albis, abdomine elliptico
nigro nitente, segmentorum marginibus anticis interrupte canis. Long.
3£ ; alar. 7 lin.

Frontalia piceous, linear ; bristles of the front descending to half the '
length of the face ; face vertical ; facialia bristly for one-sixth of the
length ; epistoma not prominent. AntennaB nearly reaching the epi-
stoma ; second joint almost twice longer than deep ; third linear,
rounded at the tip, more than twice the length of the second ; fourth
short ; fifth moderately long ; sixth bare, stout for more than one-third

TACHINA. 45

of the length, very much longer than the third. Costal vein with a
spine at the tip of the subcostal, ending at far in front of the tip of the
wing ; subcostal vein ending at one-third of the border ; mediastinal
vein ending at a little before half of the border ; radial vein ending at
about four-fifths of the border ; cubital vein ending near the tip of the
costal ; prrebrachial vein forming a somewhat rounded and very slightly
obtuse angle at its flexure, very slightly bent inward near this, and
thence almost straight to the tip ; discal transverse vein with two dis-
tinct curves, parted by nearly its length from the flexure of the prabra-
cliinl, and by a little more than its length from the border. Abdomen
elliptical, black and shining, excepting an interrupted hoary band on
the fore border of each segment.

Bare. In Mr. Desvignes's collection. (E.)

59. divulsa, n. Nigra, cinereo-tomentosa, antennarum articulo
tertio secundo plus duplo longiore, sexto nudo, thorace nigro-quadrivit-
tato, alis cinereis basi obscurioribus, vena tramversa discali non ejus
longitudine ab margine remota, alulis cinereis, abdomine obconico sub-
tessellato. Long. 4 ; alar. 8 lin.

Frontalia wider in front ; bristles of the front descending to full one-
third of the face; face vertical; facialia bristly to one-sixth of the
length; epistoma not prominent. Antennae nearly reaching the epi-
stoma ; second joint longer than deep ; third linear, truncated, more
than twice the length of the second ; fourth very short ; fifth short ; sixth
bare, stout to nearly half the length, twice the length of the third.
Costal vein ending at some distance in front of the tip of the wing ;
subcostal vein ending at much beyond one-third of the border ; medi-
astinal vein ending at much beyond half of the border ; radial vein
ending at four-fifths of the border ; cubital vein ending near the tip of
the costal ; praebrachial vein forming an obtuse angle at the flexure,
hardly curved inward from thence to the tip; discal transverse vein
with two slight curves, parted by less than its length from the border,
and by little more than half its length from the flexure of the prasbra-
chial.

Bare. In Mr. Desvignes's collection. (E.)

60. pertracta, n. Nigra, cinereo-tomentosa, antennarum articulo
sexto basiplumoso, thorace fusco-trivittato, alis subcinereis, alulis albidis,
abdomine ovato fasciis tribus fuscis. Long. 2f ; alar. 6 lin.

Fronfalia black ; bristles of the front descending to one-fourth of the
face ; epistoma not prominent. Antennas not reaching the epistoma ;
third joint straight above, slightly convex beneath, obliquely rounded
at the tip, much longer than the second ; sixth plumose for half the
kngthfrom the base, about twice the length of the third joint. Thorax
with three slender brown stripes. Costal vein ending in front at some
little distance from the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at a
little beyond one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at about

46 MUSCIB^E.

half the length ; radial vein ending at before five-sixths of the length ;
cubital vein joining the costal very near its tip ; prasbrachial vein forming
a very slightly obtuse angle at its flexure, near which it is curved in-
ward, and is thence almost straight to its tip ; discal transverse vein
with two slight curves, parted from the border by a little more than its
length, and by much less than its length from the flexure of the prse-
brachial.
Rare. ' (E.)

61. defecta, n. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, frontalibus
ferrugincis, thorace niyro-quadrivittato, alis subcinereis, alulis albis,
abdomine ovato, segmentorum marginibus anticis nigris. Long. 4 ;
alar. 7 lin.

Frontalia broad ; bristles of the frdnt descending to half the length
of the face ; face very oblique ; epistoma not prominent. Antennae
seated on a projection, reaching the epistoma ; third joint linear, almost
truncate at the tip, a little more than twice the length of the second ;
sixth very minutely pubescent, stout along three-fourths of the length,
a little longer than the third. Thorax witli four slender black stripes.
Costal vein ending at some distance in front of the tip of the wing ;
subcostal vein ending at about one-third of the length; mediastiual
vein ending at a little beyond half the length ; radial vein ending at
much beyond three-fourths of the length ; cubital vein joining the
costal very near its tip ; praabrachial vein forming a very slightly obtuse
not sharply defined angle at its flexure, between which and its tip it is
very slightly inclined inward ; discal transverse vein with two curves,
parted from the border by very much more than its length, and by less
than its length from the flexure of the prsebrachial.

Kare. (E.)

62. dorsalis, Meig. Zw. iv. 325. 148 (1824). Nigra, cano-to-
mentosa, capite albo, froutalibus rufo-piceis, thorace niyro-trivittato, alis
cinereis antice subfuscis, alulis fusco-cinereis, abdomine obconico piceo
cano-tomentoso, basi vittaque dorsali nigris, maculis quatuor piceis.
Long. 2i; alar. 5 lin.

Frontalia widening much in front ; bristles of the front descending
to one-fourth of the face ; face vertical ; epistoma not prominent. An-
tennse not reaching the epistoma ; second joint longer than deep ; third
linear, slightly rounded at the tip, full twice the length of the second ;
fourth almost obsolete ; fifth very short ; sixth very minutely pubescent,
stout for one-fourth of the length, full twice the length of the third.
Thorax with three broad black stripes. Costal vein ending at a little in
front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at a little beyond
one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at hardly beyond half
of the length ; radial vein ending at a little before five-sixths of the
length ; cubital vein ending near the costal ; prrebrachial vein forming
a very obtuse angle at the flexure, hardly curved inward from thence

TACIITNA. 47

to the tip ; discal transverse vein with the hinder curve much deeper
than the other, parted by more than half its length from the border,
and a little more remote from the flexure of the prasbrachial. Abdo-
men with a triangular piceous spot on each side of the second and of
the third segments.

Bare. In the late Mr. Stephens' s collection. (E.)

63. terminalis, Meig. Zw. iv. 323. 144 (1824). Nigra, cinereo-
tomentosa, capite albo, thorace nigro-trivittato, alis cinereis, alulis sub-
cinereis., abdomine obconico, basi maculisque quatuor vittaque dorsali
nigris. Long. 2 ; alar. 4 lin.

Frontalia deep black ; bristles of the front descending to one-fourth
of the face ; face vertical ; facialia beset with bristles for one-fourth of
the length ; epistoma not prominent. Antennae nearly reaching the
epistoma ; second joint much longer than broad ; third linear, truncated,
a little more than twice the length of the second ; fourth and fifth very
short ; sixth minutely pubescent, nearly twice the length of the third.
Costal vein ending at some short distance in front of the tip of the
wing ; subcostal vein ending at before one-third of the length ; medias-
tinal vein ending at before half of the length ; radial vein ending at
about five-sixths of the length ; cubital vein ending very near the tip
of the costal; prsebrachial vein forming a very obtuse angle at its
flexure, very slightly curved inward near its tip ; discal transverse vein
with two slight curves, parted by much less than its length from the
flexure of the praBbrachial and from the border. Abdomen obconical ;
hind borders of the second and third segments with a black spot on each side.

Bare. In the late Mr. Stephens' s collection. (E.)

64. cincta? Meig. Zw. iv. 297. 102 (1824). Nigra, cinereo-
tomentosa, capite albido, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alis sublimpidis
basi subcinereis, alulis albis, abdomine longi-obconico, segmentorum
margiriibus posticis nigris. Long. 3^ ; alar. 6^ lin.

Frontalia deep black, widening in front ; bristles of the front de-
scending to one-third of the face ; face vertical ; epistoma not promi-
nent. Antennas nearly reaching the epistoma ; second joint nearly
twice longer than deep ; third linear, slightly truncated, twice the
length of the second ; fourth and fifth short ; sixth bare, nearly twice
the length of the third. Thorax with four black stripes. Costal vein
ending at some distance in front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein
ending at one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at a little
before half of the length ; radial vein ending at four-fifths of the length ;
cubital vein ending near the tip of the costal ; prasbrachial vein forming
a very obtuse angle at the flexure, nearly straight from thence to the
tip ; discal transverse vein with two slight curves, parted by nearly its
own length from the border, and by a little less from the flexure of the
prasbrachial.

Bare. In the late Mr. Stephens's collection. (E.)

48 MUSCID.E.

65. intaminata, n. Nigra, cinereo-tomentosa, capite albo, tho-
race nigro-trivittato, alls cinereis, alulis subcinereis, abdomine obconico
subtessellato. Long. H ; alar. 3 lin.

Frontalia deep black, widening in front; bristles of the front not
descending below the base of the antennas ; face vertical ; epistoma not
prominent. Antennas reaching the epistoma ; second joint much longer
than deep ; third linear, slender, truncated, more than twice the length
of the second ; fourth and fifth very short ; sixth stout for one-third of
the length, very much longer than the third. Thorax cinereous on each
side, and with two slender cinereous dorsal stripes. Costal vein ending
at some distance in front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending
at a little before one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at a
little before half of the length ; radial vein ending at about four-fifths
of the length ; cubital vein ending very near the tip of the costal ; pras-
brachial vein forming a very obtuse angle at the flexure, nearly straight
from thence to the tip ; discal transverse vein bent inward near the
middle, parted by a little less than its length from the flexure of the
prasbrachial, and by much less from the border.

Rare. In the late Mr. Stephens's collection. (E.)

66. inter clusa, n. Nigra, cinereo-tomentosa, capite albido-cinereo,
antennarum articulo tertio ffracili,thoi'ace nigro-quadrivittato, alis cinereis,
alulis albis, abdomine longi-obconico tessellato. Long. 3^ ; alar. 6 lin.

Frontalia deep black ; bristles of the front descending to two-thirds
of the face; face slightly .oblique; epistoma not prominent; palpi
tawny. Antennas nearly reaching the epistoma; second joint more
than twice longer than deep ; third linear, slender, rounded at the tip,
very much longer than the second ; sixth nearly twice the length of the
third. Costal vein ending on the fore border, far from the tip of the
wing ; subcostal vein ending at about one-third of the length ; medias-
tinal vein ending at a little before half of the length ; radial vein ending
at a little before four-fifths of the length ; cubital vein joining the cos-
tal near its tip ; prasbrachial vein forming a slightly obtuse angle at its
flexure, beyond this it is slightly curved inward till near its tip, where
it is slightly curved outward ; discal transverse vein long, with two ex-
tremely slight curves, parted from the border by more than its length,
and by much less than its length from the flexure of the prsebrachial.

Rare. (E.)

67. enotata, n. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, antennarum
articulo tertio sat lato, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alis cinereis, alulis
albis, abdomine longi-obconico. Long. 4 ; alar. 8 lin.

Frontalia deep black ; bristles of the front descending to three-fourths
of the face ; face slightly oblique ; epistoma not prominent ; palpi tawny.
Antennas nearly reaching the epistoma ; third joint sublinear, rather
broad, slightly oblique and almost truncated at the tip, very much
longer than the second ; sixth about twice the length of the third.

TACH1NA. 49

Costal vein ending on the fore border at some distance from the tip of
the wing; subcostal vein ending at a little before one-third of the
length ; inediastinal vein ending at before hah0 of the length ; radial
vein ending at before four-fifths of the length ; cubital vein joining the
costal near its tip ; prsebrachial vein forming a hardly obtuse angle at
its flexure, between which it is indistinctly curved inward ; discal trans-
verse vein with two slight curves, parted from the hind border by a
little more than its own length, and by half its length from the flexure
of the prabrachial.
Bare. (E.)

68. emissa, n. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, fronte pallide
cervina, palpis fulvis, antennarnm articulo sexto nudo, thorace nigro-
quadrivittato, scutello nigro, alis einereis, vena pratbrachiali angulum
rectum Jingente, alulis albis, abdomine longi-obconico, segmentorum
marginibus posticis vittaque dorsali nigris. Long. 3% ; alar. 6 lin.

Frontalia deep black, widening in front; bristles of the front de-
scending to full half the length of the face; face vertical; facialia
bristly to one-fourth of the length ; epistoma not prominent. Antennae
nearly reaching the epistoma ; second joint thrice longer than deep ;
third linear, truncated, much longer than the second ; fourth very short ;
fifth moderately long ; sixth bare, stout to full half the length, about
twice the length of the third. Costal vein with a spine at the tip of
the subcostal, ending at far in front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal
vein ending at one-third of the fore border ; mediastinal vein ending at
a little before half of the border ; radial vein ending at three-fourths of
the border ; cubital vein ending very near the tip of the costal ; pra-
bracJiial vein forming a right angle at the flexure, which emits a long
branch, much curved inward near this, and thence straight to the tip;
discal transverse vein with two indistinct curves, parted by much less
than its length from the flexure of the pnebrachial, and by much more
than its length from the border.

Eare. In Mr. Desvignes's collection. (E.)

69. ruricola? Meig. Zw. iv. 299. 104 (1824). Nigra, cano-
tomentosa, capite albo, aniemmrum articulo sexto mido, thorace nigro-
quadrivittato, scutello nigro, alis subcinereis, vena prcebrachiali angulum
obtusum Jingente, alulis einereis, abdomine obconico, basi apice et seg-
mentorum marginibus posticis nigris nitentibus. Long. 8^ ; alar. 7 lin.

Frontalia linear ; bristles of the front descending to half the length
of the face ; face vertical ; epistoma not prominent ; palpi tawny.
Antennae reaching the epistoma ; second joint more than twice longer
than deep, testaceous at the tip ; third slightly deepening from the base
to the tip, which is rounded, much longer than the second ; fourth very
short ; fifth short ; sixth bare, stout for half the length, very much
longer than the third. Costal vein ending at far in front of the tip of
the wing ; subcostal vein ending at one-third of the length ; mediastinal

VOL. II. H

50 MUSCID^E.

vein ending at half of the length ; radial vein ending at a little beyond
three-fourths of the length; cubital vein ending near the tip of the
costal ; prabrachial vein forming an obtuse angle at the flexure, hardly
curved inward from thence to the tip ; discal transverse vein with two
almost imperceptible curves, parted by very much more than its length
from the border, and by more than half its length from the flexure of
the prabrachial.

Bare. In Mr. Desvignes's collection. * (E.)

70. insuscepta, n. Nigra, cinereo-tomentosa, capite cano, palpis
fulvis, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, scutello fulvo, alis cinereis, alulis
albis, abdomine elliptico, segmentorum marginibus posticis nigris.
Long. 4 ; alar. 8 lin.

Frontalia linear ; bristles of the front descending to half the length
of the face ; face vertical ; epistoma testaceous, slightly prominent.
Antenna3 reaching the epistoma ; second joint more than twice longer
than deep ; third linear, truncated, rather less than twice the length of
the second ; fourth very short ; fifth rather long ; sixth stout for half
the length, nearly twice the length of the third. ScuteUum tawny.
Costal vein ending at far above the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein
ending at hardly beyond one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein
ending at beyond half of the length ; radial vein ending at about four-
fifths of the length ; cubital vein ending near the tip of the costal ;
pra3brachial vein forming a very obtuse angle at the flexure, which
emits a short branch, nearly straight from thence to the tip ; discal
transverse vein with two distinct curves, parted by its length from the
border, and by much more than half its length from the flexure of the
pra3brachial.

Rare. In Mr. Desvignes's collection. (E.)

71. refecta, n. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, antennarum
articulo sexto pubescente, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alis subcinereis,
alulis albis, abdomine longi-obconico. Long. 4 ; alar. 8 lin.

Bristles of the front descending to half the length of the face ; facialia
beset with bristles along half the length ; epistoma not prominent ; palpi
tawny towards the tips. Antennae almost reaching the epistoma ; third
joint much longer than the second, slightly increasing in breadth from
the base to the tip, which is almost truncated ; fifth long ; sixth less
than twice the length of the third, minutely pubescent. Costal vein
ending where the pra3brachial meets it at some distance in front of the
tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at a little beyond one-third of
the length ; mediastinal vein ending at beyond half the length ; radial
vein ending at about four-fifths of the length ; cubital vein joining the
costal near its tip ; prsebrachial vein forming an almost right angle at
its flexure, which emits a short branch, near this it is slightly curved
inward, and is thence almost straight to its tip ; discal transverse vein
with two slight curves, parted from the border by very much more than

TACHINA. 51

its length, and by much less than its length from the flexure of the
praebrachial.
Rare. (E.)

72. fissa, n. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, antennarum arti-
culo sexto fere ad apicem mcrassato, thorace nigro-vittato, alis subcinereis,
alulis albis, abdomine obconico. Long. 4 ; alar. 8 lin.

Frontalia deep black ; bristles of the front descending beyond one-
third of the face ; epistoma not prominent ; lateralia red. Antenna
reaching the epistoma ; third joint linear, rounded at the tip, nearly
thrice the length of the second ; sixth stout till near the tip, very much
longer than the third. Costal vein ending at some distance in front of
the tip of the wing; subcostal vein ending at about one-third of the
length ; mediastinal vein ending at about half the length ; radial vein
ending at about four-fifths of the length ; cubital vein joining the costal
very near its tip ; praebrachial vein forming a slightly obtuse angle at
its flexure, near which it is slightly curved inward, and is thence almost
straight to its tip ; discal transverse vein with two distinct curves,
parted from the border by very much more than its length, and by much
more than half its length from the flexure of the praebrachial.

Bare. (E.)

73. rufo-scutellata, Mcq. A. S. E. F. viii. 474. 33 (1850).
Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite flavo albo, thorace nigro-quadrivittato,
scutelloferrugineo, alis subcinereis, alulis albis, abdomine obconico nigro,
segmentoruin marginibus anticis cano iiiterrupte fasciatis. Long. 3| ;
alar.- 7 lin.

Frontalia black ; bristles of the front extending to half the length
of the face ; epistoma testaceous, slightly prominent. Antenna almost
reaching the epistoma ; third joint linear, subtruncate at the tip, full
twice the length of the second ; sixth stout for nearly half the length,
almost twice the length of the third. Scutellum dark ferruginous.
Costal vein ending very little beyond where the prsebrachial meets it,
and far above the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at about one-
third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at hardly beyond half the
length ; radial vein ending at about three-fourths of the length ; cubital
vein joining the costal near its tip ; prasbrachial vein forming a right
angle and emitting a long branch at its flexure, near which it is much
curved inward, and is thence almost straight to its tip ; discal trans-
verse vein with two very slight curves, parted from the border by about
its length, and by more than half its length from the flexure of the
praebrachial.

Rare. (E.)

74. effecta, n. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, frontalibus
nigris, antennarum articulo sexto ad dimidium mcrassato, thorace nigro-
quadrivittato, alis subciuereis, alulis albidis, abdomine obcouico sub-
tessellato. Long. 3i ; alar. 7 liii.

52 MUSCID.E.

Frontalia deep black; bristles of the front descending to one-third
of the length of the face; epistoma not prominent. Antennae not
reaching the epistoma ; third joint sublinear, almost truncated at the
tip, much longer than the second ; sixth stout for full half the length,
more than twice the length of the third. Costal vein ending at some
distance in front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at a
little beyond one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at a little
before half of the length ; radial vein ending at before five-sixths of the
length ; cubital vein joining the costal almost close to its tip ; prse-
brachial vein forming a very obtuse angle at its flexure, straight from
thence till near its tip, where it is very slightly inclined inward ; discal
transverse vein with two distinct curves, parted from the border by much
more than its length, and by a little more than its length from the
flexure of the prsebrachial.

Bare. (E.)

75. Pacta, Meig. Zw. iv. 324. 146 (1824). Nigra, cano-tomen-
tosa, capite albo, frontalibus nigris, antennarum articulo sexto ad quartam
imrassato, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alis cinereis, alulis albis, abdo-
inine obconico tessellato. Long. 2-| ; alar. 5 lin.

Frontalia deep black, linear ; bristles of the front descending to one-
third of the face ; lace vertical ; facialia bristly to one-third of the
length ; epistoma not prominent ; eyes bare. Antennae nearly reaching
the epistoma ; second joint nearly twice longer than deep ; third linear,
slightly truncated, nearly twice the length of the second ; fourth and
fifth very short ; sixth bare, stout for one-fourth of the length, nearly twice
the length of the third. Costal vein ending at some distance in front of
the tip of the wing; subcostal vein ending at beyond one-third of the
border ; mediastinal vein ending at a little beyond half of the border ;
radial vein ending at four-fifths of the border ; cubital vein ending very
near the tip of the costal ; praibrachial vein forming a very obtuse angle
at the flexure, nearly straight from thence to the tip ; discal transverse
vein with two distinct curves, parted by its length from the flexure of
the prasbrachial, and by a little more from the border.

Rare. In Mr. Desvignes's colleetiori. (E.)

76. punctata, Meig. Zw. iv. 228. 3 (1824) ; Desv. ; Mcq. ; Curt. !
B. E. 529 ; Zett. — fjestracea, var., Fal. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite
a\bo,fro)italibusfulvis, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alis limpidis, alulis
albis, abdomine obconico nigro-quadrifasciato, lateribus basi fulvis.
Long. 4 ; alar. 7 lin.

Frontalia tawny, a little narrower in front ; bristles of the front not
descending to the face ; epistoma not prominent ; palpi testaceous.
Antennas much shorter than the face ; second joint with a long bristle,
testaceous at the tip, about twice longer than deep ; third linear, slightly
truncated, nearly twice the length of the second ; fourth and fifth short ;
sixth bare, stout for more than half the length, much longer than the

TACHINA. 53

third. Veins testaceous. Costal vein ending at some distance in front
of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at beyond one-third of
the length ; mediastinal vein ending at hardly beyond half of the length ;
radial vein ending at a little before four-fifths of the length ; cubital
vein ending near the tip of the costal; prabrachial vein forming a
hardly obtuse angle at the flexure, much curved inward near this, almost
straight from thence to the tip ; discal transverse vein with two very
indistinct curves, parted by much less than its length from the border,
and by little more than half its length from the flexure of the prae-
brachial.

Not common. (E. S.)

77. immissa, n. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, facie parum
obliqua, antennarum articulo sexto quarto, apicali excepta incrassato, tho-
race nigro-quadrivittato, alis cinereis, alulis albis, abdomine ovato, seg-
mentorum marginibus posticis vittaque dorsali nigris. Long. 3| ; alar.
81in.

Frontalia deep black, linear ; bristles of the front descending to half
the length of the face ; face slightly oblique ; epistoma not prominent.
Antennas reaching the epistoma ; second joint veiy much longer than
deep; third linear, slightly truncated, more than twice the length of
the second ; fourth very short ; fifth short ; sixth bare, stout to three-
fourtJiS of the length, very much longer than the third. Costal vein
ending at far in front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at
much beyond one-third of the border ; mediastinal vein ending at much
beyond half of the border ; radial vein ending at five-sixths of the
border ; cubital vein ending very near the tip of the costal ; prasbrachial
vein forming an obtuse angle at the flexure, hardly curved inward from
thence to the tip ; discal transverse vein with two very indistinct curves,
parted by less than its length from the flexure of the prasbrachial, and
by much more than its length from the border.

Rare. In Mr. Desvigne.^s collection. (E.)

78. involuta, n. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, facie parum
obliqua, antennarum articulo sexto ad bis trientem incrassato, thorace
nigro-quadrivittato, alis cinereis, alulis albis, abdomine longi-ovato
subtessellato. Long. 4 ; alar. 7 lin.

Prontalia deep black ; face slightly oblique ; bristles of the front de-
scending beyond one-third of the face ; epistoma not prominent. An-
tennaa reaching the epistoma ; third joint linear, rounded at the tip,
about thrice the length of the second ; fifth rather long ; sixth a little
longer than the third, thick for two-thirds of the length. Costal vein
ending at some distance above from the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein
ending at a little beyond one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein end-
ing at a little beyond half ^>f the length ; radial vein ending at much
beyond three-fourths of the length ; cubital vein ending near the tip
of the costal ; praabrachial vein forming a very obtuse angle at its flex-

54 MUSCID^E.

ure, near which it is hardly curved inward, and is thence almost straight
to its tip ; discal transverse vein with two very indistinct curves, parted
from the border by very much more than its length, and by little less
than its length from the flexure of the pra3brachial.
Eare. (E.)

79. er Ogata, n. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, fade valde
obliqua, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alis subcinereis, alulis albis, abdo-
mine nigro, segmentorum marginibus anticis albo interrupte fasciatis.
Long. 3 ; alar. 6 lin.

Frontalia deep black ; bristles of the front descending to one-third
of the face; face very oblique; epistoma not prominent. Antennae
reaching the epistoma ; third joint linear, truncated but rounded be-
neath at the tip, full thrice the length of the second ; sixth stout for
more than half the length from the base, very much longer than the
third. Costal vein ending on the fore border at some little distance
from the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at before one-third of
the length ; mediastinal vein ending at before half the length ; radial
vein ending at a little beyond three-fourths of the length ; cubital vein
joining the costal near its tip ; prabrachial vein forming a very obtuse
angle at its flexure, from whence it is nearly straight to its tip ; discal
transverse vein with two very slight curves, parted from the border by
more than its length, and by less than its length from the flexure of
the prsebrachial.

Eare. (E.)

80. discrepans, n. Nigra, cinereo-tomentosa, capite albido,
fadalibus fere ad dimidium setosis, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alis sub-
cinereis, alulis albis, abdomine obconico, vitta dorsali et segmentorum
marginibus posticis nigris. Long. 4 ; alar. 8 lin.

Frontalia deep black, broad, linear ; bristles of the front descending
beyond one-third of the face ; face vertical ; facialia bristly for more
than one-third of the length ; epistoma not prominent ; lateralia red ;
eyes bare. Antenna reaching the epistoma ; second joint nearly twice
longer than deep ; third linear, slightly truncated, nearly thrice the
length of the second ; fourth very short ; fifth rather long ; sixth stout
for three-fourths of the length, longer than the third. Costal vein
ending at far in front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at
a little before one-third of the border ; mediastinal vein ending at a
little before half of the border ; radial vein ending at three-fourths of
the border ; cubital vein ending very near the tip of the costal ; pra3-
brachial vein forming an obtuse angle at the flexure, which emits a very
short branch, hardly curved inward from thence to the tip; discal
transverse vein almost straight, parted by nearly its length from the
flexure of the praebrachial, and by much more than its length from the
border.

Eare. In Mr. Desvignes's collection. (E.)

TACHINA. 55

81. expleta, n. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, facialibus
ad dimidium setosis, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alis subcinereis, alulis
albis, abdomine obconico tessellato. Long. 3£ ; alar. 7 lin.

Frontalia deep black; bristles of the front descending to half the
length of the face; face slightly oblique; facialia beset with bristles
along half tJie length; epistoma not prominent; lateralia red. An-
tennee reaching the epistoma; third joint linear, slightly rounded at
the tip, hardly more than twice the length of the second ; sixth stout
till near the tip, very much longer than the third. Costal vein ending
where the praebrachial meets it at some distance in front of the tip of
the wing ; subcostal vein ending at much beyond one-third of the
length ; mediastinal vein ending at much beyond half of the length ;
radial vein ending at about five-sixths of the length ; cubital vein join-
ing the costal very near its tip; prsebrachial vein forming a slightly
obtuse angle, near which it is very slightly curved inward, and is thence
straight to its tip ; discal transverse vein with two slight curves, parted
from the border by more than its length, and by much less than its
length from the flexure of the praebrachial.

Bare. (E.)

82. distenta, n. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, facialibus
ad bis trientem setosis, palpis apice fulvis, thorace nigro-quadrivittato,
alis subcinereis, alulis albis, abdomine longi-obconico, basi apice mar-
ginibusque posticis nigris. Long. 3£ ; alar. 6£ lin.

Frontalia piceous, broad, linear ; bristles of the front descending to
one-third of the face ; face vertical ; facialia bristly for two-thirds of
the length; epistoma not prominent; palpi tawny towards the tips.
Antennae not reaching the epistoma ; second joint a little more than
twice longer than deep ; third sublinear, rounded at the tip, somewhat
longer than the second; fourth very short; fifth short; sixth very
minutely pubescent, stout for more than one-third of the length, very
much longer than the third. Costal vein ending at far in front of the
tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at a little beyond one-third of
the length ; mediastinal vein ending at about half the length ; radial vein
ending at four-fifths of the length ; cubital vein ending near the tip of
the costal ; prcebrachial vein forming an obtuse angle at the flexure,
which emits a short branch, very slightly curved inward near this, and
thence straight to the tip ; discal transverse vein with two very indis-
tinct curves, parted by much less than its length from the flexure of
the praebrachial, and by very much more than its length from the border.

Bare. In the late Mr. Stephens's collection. (E.)

83. co mi tat a, n. Nigra, cinereo-tomentosa, capite albo, facialibm
ad bis trientem setosis, palpis nigris, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alis
subcinereis, alulis albis, abdomine ovato, basi vitta dorsali et segmen-
torum margiuibus posticis nigris. Long. 2t ; alar. 5 lin.

Frontalia deep black, linear ; bristles of the front descending to one-

56

third of the length of the face ; face vertical ; facialia bristly for two-
thirds of the length ; epistoma not prominent ; palpi black. Antennae
reaching the epistoma ; second joint much longer than deep ; third
linear, slightly truncated, about thrice the length of the second ; fourth
very short ; fifth rather long ; sixth bare, stout for more than one-third
of the length, longer than the third. Costal vein ending at some little
distance in front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at a
little before one-third of the border ; mediastinal vein ending at a little
before half of the border ; radial vein ending at a little beyond four-
fifths of the border ; cubital vein ending near the tip of the costal ;
prsebrachial vein forming an obtuse angle at the tip, very slightly curved
inward from thence to the tip ; discal transverse vein nearly straight,
parted by much more than its length from the flexure of the praebrachial
and from the border.

Bare. In Mr. Desvignes's collection. (E.)

84. longirostris, Meig. Zw. iv. 315. 132 (1824) ; Mcq. Nigra,
cano-tomentosa, proboscide elongata, palpis fulvis, antennis basi ferru-
gineis, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, scutello apice fulvo, alis subhyalinis,
alulis albis, abdomine fulvo tessellato, vitta apiceque nigris. Long. 4 ;
alar. 8 lin.

Frontalia deep black, linear ; bristles of the front descending to one-
third of the face ; facialia without bristles ; epistoma slightly promi-
nent ; proboscis much longer than the head. Antenna reacliing the epi-
stoma ; second joint twice longer than deep ; third sublinear, slightly
truncated at the tip, very much longer than the second ; fourth and
fifth very short ; sixth minutely pubescent, very much longer than the
third. Costa ciliated to the tip of the subcostal vein, where it is armed
with a spine. Costal vein ending at a little in front of the tip of the
wing ; subcostal vein ending at about one-third of the length ; medias-
tinal, prsebrachial, and pobrachial veins armed with spines towards the
base, the first ending at before half the length ; radial vein ending at
about five-sixths of the length ; cubital vein ending very near the tip
of the costal ; praebrachial vein forming a very obtuse and not sharply-
defined angle at its flexure, from whence it is straight, with the excep-
tion of a slight curve near its tip ; discal transverse vein with a slight
inward curve, parted from the border by more than its length, and by
less from the flexure.

Yery rare. In Mr. Desvignes's collection. (E.)

85. fulgens, (Hoffm.) Meig. Zw. iv. 259. 34 (1824); Zett.—
Heraclei, Mcq. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, thorace nigro-
quadrivittato, scutelli apice ferruyineo, alis subcinereis basi subluridis,
alulis albis, abdomine subtessellato, lateribus basi tibiisgue ferrugineis.
Long. 5; alar. 10 lin.

Frontalia piceous, striated, concave ; bristles of the front descending
to one-third of the face ; epistoma very prominent. Antennas reaching

TACHINA. 57

the epistoma ; second joint more than twice longer than deep ; third
linear, rounded at the tip, about twice the length and breadth of the
second, with a distinct aperture ; sixth very minutely pubescent, more
than twice the length of the third. Scutellum ferruginous towards the
hind border. Costal vein terminating in front of the tip of the wing ;
subcostal vein about one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein a little
more than half the length ; radial vein ending at much beyond three-
fourths of the length ; cubital vein joining the costal near its tip ; prae-
brachial vein forming a right angle at its flexure, which emits a long
branch, near this it is deeply curved inward, and is thence straight to
its tip ; discal transverse vein with the fore curve more distinct than
the hinder, parted from the hind border by less, and from the flexure
of the prsebrachial by much less than its own length. Abdomen ferru-
ginous on each side towards tJie base.
Eare. (E.)

86. enodata, n. Nigra, cinereo-tomentosa, capite albo, frontali-
bus ferrugineis, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, scutello nigro, alis subci-
nereis, alulis albis, abdomine subovato tessellato, lateribus basi tibiisque

ferrugineis. Long. 5; alar. 10 lin.

Frontalia widening in front ; bristles of the front descending to one-
third of the face ; epistoma prominent. Antennas almost reaching the
epistoma ; second joint more than twice longer than deep ; third slightly
widening towards the tip, which is rounded, very much broader than
the second, and full twice its length ; sixth nearly twice the length of
the third, gradually tapering from the base to the tip. Scutellum black.
Costal vein terminating at a little in front of the tip of the wing ; sub-
costal vein ending beyond one-third of the length; mediastinal vein
ending beyond half the length ; radial vein ending at five-sixths of the
length; cubital vein ending near the pra3brachial ; prsebrachial vein
with a long branch at its flexure, which forms a right angle, near this
it is slightly curved inward, and thence straight to its tip ; discal trans-
verse vein with very slight curves, parted from the border by much more
than half its length, and by much less than its length from the flexure
of the prsebrachial. Abdomen ferruginous on each side at the base. Ti-
bia ferruginous.

Not common. (E.)

87. dispuncta, n. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, thorace
nigro-quadrivittato, scutello rufo, alis subcinereis, alulis albis, abdomine
obconico lateribus rufis. Long. 4^; alar. 9 lin.

Bristles of the front descending to one-fourth of the face; epistoma
testaceous, prominent ; lateralia red ; palpi long, slender, tawny. An-
tennas not reaching the epistoma ; third joint increasing in depth to-
wards the tip, which is rounded, much longer than the second ; sixth
about twice the length of the third. Scutellum red. Costal vein end-
ing at very little above the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at

VOL. II. I

58 MUSCIDvE.

much beyond one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at very
much beyond half of the length ; radial vein ending at beyond seven-
eighths of the length ; cubital vein joining the costal very near its tip ;
prsebrachial vein forming a slightly acute but much rounded angle at
its flexure, between which and its tip it is much curved inward ; discal
transverse vein with two hardly perceptible curves, parted from the
border by hardly half its length, and by little more than half its length
from the flexure of the prsebrachial.
Not common. (E.)

88. fimbriata? Meig. Zw. iv. 337. 168 (1824). Nigra, cano-to-
mentosa, capite albo, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, scutello nigro, alis sub-
cinereis, alulis albis, abdomine obconico tessellato. Long. 3; alar. 6 lin.

Frontalia deep black ; bristles of the front descending to one-fourth
of the face ; epistoma not prominent. Antenna3 reaching the epistoma ;
third joint linear, rounded at the tip, about thrice the length of the
second ; sixth very minutely pubescent, very much longer than the
third. Scutellum black. Costal vein ending at some distance in front
of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at about one-third of the
length ; mediastinal vein ending at a little before half the length ;
radial vein ending at about four-fifths of the length ; cubital vein slightly
undulating, joining the costal very near its tip ; prsebrachial vein form-
ing an obtuse angle at its flexure, between which and its tip it is very
indistinctly curved inward ; discal transverse vein with two distinct
curves, parted from the hind border by a little more than its own length.

Not common. (E.)

89. flexa, n. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, palpis apice fid-
vis, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alis cinereis, alulis albis, abdomine ovato,
vitta dorsali et segmentorum marginibus posticis nigris. Long. 3 ; alar.
6 lin.

Frontalia deep black, linear ; bristles of the front descending to one-
third of the face ; face vertical ; epistoma not prominent ; palpi tawny
towards the tips. Antenna reaching the epistoma ; second joint full
twice longer than deep ; third linear, rounded at the tip, reddish at the
base, nearly twice the length of the second ; fourth indistinct ; fifth
short ; sixth bare, stout for one-third of the length, twice the length of
the third. Costal vein ending at a short distance in front of the tip of
the wing; subcostal vein ending at a little beyond one-third of the
length ; mediastinal vein ending at beyond half of the length ; radial
vein ending at much beyond five-sixths of the length; cubital vein
ending very near the tip of the costal ; prsebrachial vein forming a
slightly obtuse and not sharply-defined angle at its flexure, very slightly
curved inward from thence to its tip ; discal transverse vein much
curved inward behind the middle, parted by its length from the flexure
of the pra3brachial, and by much less than its length from the border.

Rare. In Mr. Desvignes's collection. (E.)

TACHINA. 59

90. affinis ? Fal. Msc. 28. 57 (1810); Meig. ; Zett. Nigra, cano-to-
mentosa, capite albo, palpis fulvis, thorace nigro-quinqueviUato, scutello
apice fulvo, alis sublimpidis, alulis albis, abdomine brevi-elliptico, vitta
dorsal! et segmentorum marginibus posticis nigris, tibiis fulvis. Long.
3 1 ; alar. 8 lin.

Frontalia deep black, hardly widening in front ; bristles of the front
descending to one-third of the face ; face vertical ; epistoma not pro-
minent. Antennae nearly reaching the epistoma ; second joint much
longer than deep ; third deepening beneath from the base towards the
tip, which is very obliquely truncated, nearly twice the length of the
second ; fourth very short ; fifth rather short ; sixth very minutely
pubescent, stout to half the length, nearly half the length of the third.
Thorax with five black stripes, the middle one very broad. Costal vein
ending at some little distance in front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal
vein ending at a little beyond one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein
ending at much beyond half of the length ; radial vein ending at five-
sixths of the length ; cubital vein ending near the tip of the costal ;
praebrachial vein forming an obtuse angle at the flexure, almost straight
from thence to the tip ; discal transverse vein bent inward behind,
parted by little more than half its length from the flexure of the prse-
brachial and from the border.

Bare. In Mr. Desvignes's collection. (E.)

91. conjuncta, n. Nigra, cinereo-tomentosa, capite albo, palpis
fulvis, thorace vix vittato, alis cinereis, alulis albidis, abdomine obconico

lateribus basi subferrugineis. Long. 3^ ; alar. 8 lin.

Bristles of the front descending to one-sixth of the face ; face slightly
oblique ; facialia bristly for one-sixth of the length; epistoma not pro-
minent ; palpi tawny. Antennae not reaching the epistoma ; second
joint nearly twice longer than deep, red at the tip ; third subfusiform,
red at the base, rounded at the tip, nearly twice longer than the second ;
fourth very short ; fifth rather short ; sixth bare, stout for one-third of
the length, full twice longer than the third. Costal vein ending at
some distance in front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at
one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at beyond half of the
length; radial vein ending at five-sixths of the length; cubital vein
ending near the tip of the costal ; praabrachial vein forming a hardly
obtuse angle at the flexure, slightly curved inward from thence to the
tip ; discal transverse vein with two very slight curves, parted by half
its length from the flexure of the prsebrachial and from the border.

Rare. In Mr. Desvignes's collection. (E.)

92. Heraclei, Meig. Zw. iv. 339. 172 (1824); Mcq. ; Zett. Ni-
gra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, frontalibus ferrugineis, thorace nigro-
quadrivittato, scutelli apice ferrugineo, alis subcinereis, alulis albis,
abdomine obconico lateribus rufo-fulvis. Long. 3^ ; alar. 7 lin.

Bristles of the front descending to half the length of the face ; fron-

60 MUSCID^E.

t alia ferruginous ; facialia bristly for one-fourth of the length ; epistoma
not prominent ; lateralia red. Antennas nearly reaching the epistoma ;
third joint linear, rounded at the tip, full thrice the length of the
second ; arista stout for half the length from the base, near twice the
length of the third. Costal vein ending at some little distance in front
of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at a little before one-
third of the length ; rnediastinal vein ending at about half the length ;
radial vein ending at before five-sixths of the length ; cubital vein join-
ing the costal very near its tip ; prasbrachial vein forming a slightly
obtuse angle at its flexure, between which and its tip it is hardly curved
inward ; discal transverse vein with two extremely slight curves, emit-
ting a short branch inward near the hind end, parted from the hind
border by a little more than its length, and by much less than its length
from the flexure of the prsebrachial.
Eare. (E.)

93. exagens, n. Nigra, cinereo-tomentosa, capite al\3o,frontalibus
nigris, palpis fulvis, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alis cinereis basi fuscis,
alulis subcinereis, abdomine obconico tessellato lateribus basi ferrugineis.
Long. 4f ; alar. 9 lin.

Jrontalia black, widening in front ; bristles of the front descending
to one-fourth of the face ; face slightly oblique ; facialia bristly for one-
fourth of the length ; epistoma not prominent ; palpi tawny. Antennas
reaching the epistoma ; second joint twice longer than deep ; third
fusiform, more convex beneath than above, very much longer than the
second ; fourth and fifth indistinct ; sixth bare, stout for one-third of
the length, full twice the length of the third. Costal vein ending at
some distance in front of the tip of the wring ; subcostal vein ending at
a little beyond one-third of the border ; mediastinal vein ending at a
little beyond half of the border ; radial vein ending at beyond five-
sixths of the border ; cubital vein ending near the tip of the costal ;
prasbrachial vein forming an obtuse angle at the flexure, between which
and the tip it is very slightly bent inward ; discal transverse vein with
two slight curves, parted by hardly less than its length from the flexure
of the prasbrachial, and by full half its length from the border.

Eare. In Mr. Desvignes's collection. (E.)

94. dispecta, n. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, frontalibus
palpisque nigris, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alis subcinereis, alulis albis,
abdomine obconico tessellato, apice rufo. Long. 3^; alar. 7 lin.

Jrontalia deep black, almost linear ; bristles of the front descending
to one-sixth of the face ; face vertical ; facialia bristly for one-fourth of
the length ; epistoma not prominent ; palpi black. Antennas nearly
reaching the epistoma ; second joint much longer than deep ; third
subfusiform, truncated, nearly twice the length of the second ; fourth
and fifth very short ; sixth bare, stout for one-third of the length, more
than twice the length of the third. Costal vein ending at some dis-

TACHINA. 61

tance in front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at beyond
one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at beyond half of the
length ; radial vein ending at before five-sixths of the length ; cubital
vein ending near the tip of the costal; praebrachial vein forming a
slightly obtuse angle at the flexure, very slightly curved inward from
thence to the tip ; discal transverse vein with two very slight curves,
parted by half its length from the border, and by a little more from the
flexure of the prsebrachial.

Bare. In Mr. Desvignes's collection. (E.)

95. distermina, n. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, facia-
libus ad plus trientem setosis, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alis subci-
nereis, alulis albis, abdomine obconico subtessellato. Long. 3^ ; alar.
61in.

Frontalia piceous-black, broad, slightly narrower in front; bristles
of the front descending to half the length of the face ; facialia bristly
for more than one-third of the length ; epistoma not prominent. An-
tennae nearly reaching the epistoma; third joint linear, truncated at
the tip, more than twice the length of the second ; arista stout for two-
thirds of the length from the base, very much longer than the third
joint, its second joint long. Costal vein ending at some distance in
front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at a little beyond
one- third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at a little beyond half
of the length ; radial vein ending at about four-fifths of the length ;
cubital vein joining the costal near its tip ; prasbrachial vein forming
an obtuse and not sharply defined angle at its flexure, between which
and its tip it is hardly inclined inward ; discal transverse vein with two
distinct curves, parted from the border by more than its length, and
by its length from the flexure of the prffibrachial.
* Bare. (E.)

96. demota, n. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, facialibus ad
bis trientem setosis, palpis fulvis, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alis sub-
cinereis, alulis albis, abdomine longi-obconico tessellato. Long. 4 ;
alar. 8 lin.

Clothed behind and beneath with whitish hairs. Frontalia deep
black ; bristles of the front descending to half the length of the face ;
face slightly oblique ; facialia bristly for two-thirds of the length ; epi-
stoma not prominent. Antennaa nearly reaching the epistoma ; third
joint linear, rounded at the tip, more than twice the length of the
second ; sixth very slender, stout for nearly one-third of the length, a
little more than twice the length of the third. Costal vein ending at
some distance in front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at
one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at half of the length ;
radial vein ending at a little beyond three-fourths of the length ; cubital
vein joining the costal very near its tip ; prasbrachial vein forming an
almost right angle at its flexure, near which it forms a very obtuse in-

62 MUSCID^E.

ward angle, which emits a short branch inward, and is thence straight
to its tip ; discal transverse vein with two distinct curves, parted from
the border by more than its length, and by a little less than its length
from the flexure of the pra3brachial.
Bare. (E.)

97. domator, n. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, frontalibus
plceis, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alis omereis basi obscurioribus, alu-
lis albis, abdomine elliptico tessellato, apice rufo. Long. 2^ ; alar. 5
lin.

Frontalia piceous, linear ; bristles of the front descending to one-third
of the face ; face vertical, tawny ; facialia bristly to three-fourths of the
length ; epistoma not prominent ; palpi tawny. Antenna? reaching the
epistoma ; second joint much longer than deep ; third deep, slightly
convex above, beneath, and at the tip, nearly twice the length of the
second; fourth indistinct; fifth very short; sixth bare, stout to one-
fourth of the length, twice the length of the third. Costal vein ending
at some distance in front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending
at one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at half the length ;
radial vein ending at hardly beyond four-fifths of the length ; cubital
vein ending near the tip of the costal ; prsebrachial vein forming an
obtuse angle at the flexure, nearly straight from thence to the tip ; dis-
cal transverse vein with two indistinct curves, parted by much less than
its length from the flexure of the prsebrachial and from the border.

Bare. In Mr. Desvignes's collection. (E.)

98. internexa, n. Nigra, cano-subtomentosa, capite albo, fronta-
libus atris, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alis et alulis subcinereis, ab-
domine obconico, segmentorum margiuibus anticis tomentosis. Long.
3 1 ; alar. 8 lin.

Frontalia deep black, widening in front; bristles of the front de-
scending to one-third of the face; face vertical; facialia bristly for
three-fourths of the length ; epistoma not prominent. Antenna reach-
ing the epistoma ; second joint longer than deep ; third linear, slightly
truncated, about thrice the length of the second ; fourth very short ;
fifth short ; sixth bare, stout for full one-third of the length, very much
longer than the third. Costal vein ending at some distance in front of
the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at beyond one-third of the
border ; mediastinal vein ending at much beyond half of the fore border ;
radial vein ending at five-sixths of the fore border ; cubital vein ending
near the tip of the costal ; prsebrachial vein forming a hardly obtuse
angle at the flexure, slightly bent inward near this, and thence straight
to the tip ; discal transverse vein with two very slight curves, parted
by hardly less than its length from the border, and by much less from
the flexure of the prsebrachial. Alula? greyish. Abdomen obconical,
with tomentum towards the fore borders of the segments.

Bare. In Mr. Pesvignes's collection.

TACHINA. 63

99. reformata, n. Nigra, capite cano-iomeutoso, frontalibus fer-
rugineis, thorace cinereo, alis subcinereis, alulis albis, abdomine nigro-
aeneo subfusiformi. Long. 3 ; alar. 5^ lin.

Frontalia very dark fei'ruginous ; bristles of the front descending to
nearly half the length of the face; epistoma pale testaceous, hardly
prominent ; lateralia red. Antennae nearly reaching the epistoma ;
third joint linear, rounded at the tip, almost twice the length of the
second; fifth long; sixth very minutely pubescent, stout along three-
fourths of tJie length, much longer than the third. Costal vein ending
at very little in front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at
a little beyond one-third of the length; mediastinal vein ending at
about half the length ; radial vein ending at a little beyond five-sixths
of the length ; cubital vein joining the costal at its tip ; praebrachial
vein forming an obtuse and much rounded angle at its flexure, between
which and its tip it is slightly curved inward ; discal transverse vein
slightly curved outward near its base, parted from the border by more
than its length, and by a little more than its length from the flexure of
the praebrachial.

Bare. (E.)

100. pacifica, Meig. Zw. iv. 342. 178 (1824). Nigra, cinereo-
tomentosa, capite albo, palpis fulvis, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alis
subcinereis, alulis albis, abdomine lougi-obconico, pedibus fulvis, femo-
ribus basi tarsisque nigris. Long. 3 ; alar. 6 lin.

Frontalia red, broad, linear ; bristles of the front descending to one-
sixth of the face ; face vertical ; epistoma not prominent. Antennae
reaching the epistoma ; first and second joints red ; third linear, trun-
cated, full four times the length of the second ; fourth indistinct ; fifth
very short ; sixth minutely pubescent, stout for much more than half
the length. Subcostal vein ending a little beyond one-third of the
length; mediastinal vein ending beyond half of the length; discal
transverse vein slightly bent outward. Legs taicny.

Bare. Described from an injured specimen in the late Mr.
Stephens's collection. (E.)

101. nexa, n. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, palpis fulvis, antennis nigris,
thorace nigro-trivittato, alis subcinereis, alulis albidis, abdominis vitta
dorsali marginibusque posticis nigris. Long. 3 ; alar. 7 lin.

Frontalia deep black ; front slightly prominent, its bristles not de-
scending to the face ; epistoma not prominent ; lateralia ferruginous.
Antenna black, short, not reaching the epistoma ; third joint longer
than the second, linear, rounded at the tip ; fourth and fifth distinct ;
sixth very minutely pubescent, stout at the base, much more than twice
the length of the third. Costal vein terminating a little above the tip
of the wing ; subcostal vein about one-third of the length ; mediastinal
vein less than half the length ; radial vein ending at much beyond
three-fourths of the length ; cubital vein joining the costal very near

64 MUSCIDjE.

its tip ; praebrachial vein forming a very obtuse angle at its flexure,
straight from thence to its tip, which joins the cubital vein very near
the tip of the latter ; discal transverse vein with two very slight curves,
parted from the border by a little less than its length, and by more
than half its length from the flexure of the prsebrachial.
Bare. (E.)

102. inanis, Fal. Msc. 21. 43 (1810); Meig. Nigra, cinereo-
tomentosa, capite albo, antennis basi ru/s, thorace nigro-quadrivittato,
alis sublimpidis, alulis albidis, abdomine subfusiformi fulvo, vitta nigri-
cante, pedibus fulvis, tarsis nigris. Long. 3 ; alar. 6 lin.

Frontalia narrow, piceous, widening a little in front ; bristles of the
front descending to one-third of the face ; face vertical ; epistoma not
prominent ; proboscis rather long ; palpi long, tawny. Antennae reach-
ing the epistoma ; first and second joints pale red ; second much longer
than deep ; third a little deeper towards the tip, which is rounded,
rather less than twice the length of the second ; fourth almost obsolete ;
fifth short; sixth minutely pubescent, stout at the base, more than
twice the length of the third. Costal vein ending at hardly in front of
the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at beyond one-third of the
length ; mediastinal vein ending at beyond half of the length ; radial
vein ending at five-sixths of the length ; cubital vein ending near the
tip of the costal ; praebrachial vein forming a very obtuse angle at the
flexure, straight from thence to near the tip, where it is slightly bent
inward ; discal transverse vein nearly straight, parted by much more
than its length from the flexure of the praebrachial, and by much less
from the border. Abdomen subfusiform, tawny., with a blackish stripe,
which is widened towards the tip.

Bare. In the late Mr. Stephens's collection. (E.)

103. coxnputa. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, palpis flavis,
antennis Inteis, alis subcinereis, alulis albis, abdomine subfusiformi sub-
tessellato. Long. 1£ ; alar. 3 lin.

Frontalia deep black ; bristles of the front not descending along the
face ; epistoma not prominent. Antenna luteous, not reaching the epi-
stoma ; third joint straight above, cofrvex beneath, about twice the
length of the second ; sixth black, stout at the base, more than twice
the length of the third. Costal vein ending at the tip of the wing ;
subcostal vein ending at about one-third of the length ; mediastinal
vein ending at before half of the length ; radial vein ending at about
five-sixths of the length ; cubital vein joining the costal at its tip ;
praebrachial vein curved at its flexure, joining the cubital at a short
distance from the tip of the latter; discal transverse vein nearly
straight, parted from the border by less than its length, and by much
more than its length from the flexure of the praebrachial.

Bare. (E.)

104. torta, n. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, palpis ferrugineo-fasciatis,

TACHINA. 65

thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alls cinereis basi et ad costam luridis, alulis
albis, abdomine ovato nitente. Long. 3| ; alar. 7 lin.

Frontalia distinctly striated ; bristles of the front descending to one-
third of the face ; facialia without bristles ; epistoma not prominent ;
palpi long and slender, with a ferruginous band near the tips. Antennae
not reaching the epistoma ; second joint ferruginous ; third linear,
rounded at the tip, much longer than the second ; sixth very minutely
pubescent, stout at the base, much more than twice the length of the
third. Costal vein ending at hardly in front of the tip of the wing ;
subcostal vein ending at very little beyond one-third of the length ;
mediastinal vein ending at a little beyond half the length ; radial vein
ending at beyond five-sixths of the length; cubital vein joining the
costal near its tip ; praebrachial vein forming a very obtuse and not
sharply defined angle at its flexure, beyond which it is almost straight,
but is very slightly curved inward towards its tip ; discal transverse
vein with two extremely slight curves, parted from the border and from
the flexure of the praebrachial by much less than its length.

Eare. (E.)

105. excessa, n. Nigra, nitens, capite albo, palpis nigris, alis
cinereis basi subluridis, vena prabrachiali angulum obtusum Jingente,
alulis albidis, abdomine elliptico. Long. 2 ; alar. 4 lin.

Frontalia deep black; bristles of the front descending to half the
length of the face ; epistoma not prominent ; palpi black. Antennae
reaching the epistoma ; third joint linear, slender, conical at the tip,
about twice the length of the second ; sixth minutely pubescent, stout
at the base, full twice the length of the third. Costal vein ending at
hardly in front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at beyond
one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at a little beyond half
the length; radial vein ending at beyond five-sixths of the length;
cubital vein ending at the tip of the costal ; prcebrachial vein forming a
very obtuse and not sharply defined angle at its flexure, between which
and its tip it is hardly curved inward ; discal transverse vein slightly
curved inward behind, parted from the border by less than its length,
and by its length from the flexure of the praebrachial.

Eare. (E.)

106. mera, n. Nigra, gracilis, capite cano, palpis nigris, alis
cinereis antice nigricantibus, vena prcebrachiali curvata, alulis albidis,
abdomine sublineari. Long. 1 J ; alar. 3^ lin.

Frontalia slightly concave ; bristles of the front not descending along
the face ; facialia without bristles ; epistoma not prominent ; palpi
black. Antennae hardly reaching the epistoraa ; third joint almost
truncated at the tip, about twice the length of the second ; sixth stout
at the base, plumose except towards the tip, full twice the length of
the third. Costal vein ending at the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein
ending at much before one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending

VOL. II. K

66 MUSCIDJE.

at much before half the length ; radial vein ending at a little beyond
five-sixths of the length ; prcebrachial vein forming a slight curve at its
flexure, from whence it is straight to its tip; discal transverse vein
almost straight, parted from the border by very much more than its
length, and by rather less than twice its length from the flexure of the
praebrachial.
Rare. (E.)

107. longipes ? Meig. Zw. iv. 341. 176 (1824). Nigra, cano-
tomentosa, capite albo, antennis basi fulvis, thorace nigro-quadrivittato,
alis sublimpidis, alulis albidis, abdomine longo subfusiformi cinereo-
tomentoso, pedibus fulvis sat longis, tarsis nigris. Long. 3^ ; alar. 6
lin.

Frontalia deep black, hardly widening in front ; bristles of the front
descending to one-fourth of the face ; face vertical ; facialia bristly for
one-eighth of the length ; epistoma slightly prominent ; palpi long, tawny,
subclavate. Antennae nearly reaching the epistoma ; second joint
nearly twice longer than deep ; third linear, rounded at the tip, nearly
twice longer than the second ; fourth very short ; fifth short ; sixth
minutely pubescent, stout at the base, nearly twice the length of the
third. Costal vein ending at hardly in front of the tip of the wing ;
subcostal vein ending at a little beyond one-third of the length ; medi-
astinal vein ending at half of the length ; radial vein ending at four-
fifths of the length ; cubital vein ending near the tip of the costal ;
prasbrachial vein forming a very obtuse angle at the flexure, hardly
curved inward near the tip ; discal transverse vein nearly straight,
parted by a little less than its length from the flexure of the prsebra-
chial, and by much less from the border. Legs tawny, rather long ;
tarsi black.

Rare. In the late Mr. Stephens' s collection. (E.)

108. exscensa, n. Nigra, capite ferrugineo albo-tomentoso, pal-
pis fulvis, antennis fuscis basi fulvis, articulo sexto ad apicem incrassato,
thorace cano-tomentoso, alis subcinereis basi subluridis, alulis albis,
abdomine elliptico, segmentorum marginibus anticis albo interrupte
fasciatis. Long. 2 ; alar. 4 lin.

Bristles of the front descending to one-sixth of the face ; epistoma
not prominent. Antennae tawny, not reaching the epistoma ; third
joint broad, brown, tawny beneath towards the base, straight above,
convex beneath, obliquely rounded at the tip, about thrice the length
of the second ; fifth long ; sixth stout to the tip, very minutely pubes-
cent, not twice the length of the third. Costal vein ending at the tip
of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at a little beyond one-third of the
length ; mediastinal vein ending at a little before half of the length ;
radial vein ending at a little beyond five-sixths of the length ; cubital
vein joining the costal close to its tip ; praebrachial vein forming a
curve at its flexure, nearly straight from thence to its tip ; discal trans-

TACHINA. 67

verse vein straight, parted from the border by more than its length,
and by near twice its length from the flexure of the prsebrachial.
Rare. (E.)

109. bicolor, Meig. Zw. iv. 354. 199 (1824). Nigra, cano-
tomentosa, capite testaceo, antennarum articulo sexto ad apicem incras-
sato, scutelli apice humerisque testaceis, alis subcinereis, alulis albis,
abdomine lato obconico rufo-fulvo, pedibus fulvis, tarsis piceis. Long.
2£ ; alar. 5 lin.

Head with white tomentum ; frontalia red, broad, slightly widening
in front ; bristles of the front descending to one-sixth of the face ; face
vertical ; epistoma not prominent ; palpi testaceous. Antennae tawny,
nearly reaching the epistoma ; second joint not longer than deep ; third
linear, rounded at the tip, thrice longer than the second ; fourth very
short ; fifth long ; sixth stout along the whole length, a little longer than
the third. Costal vein ending at the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein
ending at a little beyond one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein end-
ing at a little before half of the length ; radial vein ending at five-sixths
of the length ; cubital vein with spines towards the base, ending very
near the tip of the costal ; prabrachial vein forming a curve at the
flexure, hardly curved inward from thence to the tip ; discal transverse
vein almost straight, parted by nearly twice its length from the flexure
of the prsebrachial, and by much more than its length from the border.
Abdomen broad, obconical, reddish-tawny.

Bare. In the late Mr. Stephens' s collection. (E.)

110. perpingens, n. Nigra, thorace cinereo-tomentoso, capite
albido, antennis articuli sexti plus dimidio incrassato, alis subcinereis,
alulis albidis, abdomine ovato marginibus anticis interrupte albidis.
Long. 1^; alar. 3 lin.

Bristles of the front descending to one-third of the face ; frontalia
piceous-black ; epistoma not prominent. Antennae reaching the epi-
stoma ; third joint linear, rather broad, rounded at the tip, nearly twice
the length of the second ; sixth stout for more than half the length,
much longer than the third. Costal vein ending at the tip of the wing ;
subcostal vein ending at a little beyond one-third of the length ; medi-
astinal vein ending at a little before half the length ; radial vein ending
at about five-sixths of the length ; cubital vein joining the costal very
near its tip ; prsebrachial vein forming a very obtuse angle at its flex-
ure, hardly curved inward towards its tip ; discal transverse vein almost
straight, parted from the border by much more than its length, and by
nearly twice its length from the flexure of the praBbrachial.

Rare. (E.)

111. separata, n. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, antennarum
articulo sexto fere ad dimidium incrassato, thorace nigro-trivittato, alis
subcinereis basi testaceis, alulis albis, abdomine brevi-elliptico, vitta

68 MUSCID^E.

dorsali et segmentorum marginibus posticis nigris. Long. 3£ ; alar. 7
lin.

Frontalia striated, slightly depressed ; bristles of the front descend-
ing to one-fourth of the length of the face ; facialia beset with bristles
along one-fourth of the length ; epistoma pale testaceous, slightly pro-
minent ; palpi subclavate. Antennae not reaching the epistoma ; third
joint sublinear, a little rising above at the tip, which is slightly rounded,
full twice the length of the second; sixth very minutely pubescent,
stout for near half the length, more than twice the length of the third.
Costal vein ending a little above the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein
ending at full one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at be-
yond half the length ; radial vein ending at much beyond three-fourths
of the length ; cubital vein joining the costal near its tip ; praebrachial
vein forming a right angle at its flexure, beyond this it is curved in-
ward, and is thence straight to its tip ; discal transverse vein with two
very slight curves, parted from the border by less than its length, and
by hardly more than one-fourth of its length from the flexure of the
praabrachial.

Hare. In Mr. Saunders's collection. (E.)

112. melania? Meig. Zw. iv. 348. 189 (1824). Nigra, capite
albo, antennarum articulo sexto ad trientem incrassato, alis obscure
ciuereis, alulis albis, abdoinine ovato hirsutissimo. Long. 2|- ; alar. 5
lin.

Frontalia widening in front ; bristles of the front descending to one-
third of the face ; face vertical ; epistoma not prominent ; palpi clavate.
Antennas nearly reaching the epistoma ; second joint much longer than
deep ; third linear, rounded at the tip, nearly twice the length of the
second ; fourth indistinct ; fifth short ; sixth minutely pubescent, stout
for one-third of the length, twice the length of the third. Costal vein
with a spine at the tip of the subcostal, ending close to the tip ; sub-
costal vein ending at a little beyond one-third of the length ; medias-
tinal vein ending at a little beyond half of the length ; radial vein end-
ing at beyond five-sixths of the length ; cubital vein ending near the
tip of the costal ; praebrachial vein forming a very obtuse and some-
what rounded angle at the flexure, nearly straight from thence to the
tip ; discal transverse vein with two very slight curves, parted by less
than its length from the flexure of the prsebrachial and from the border.

Rare. In Mr. Desvignes's collection. (E.)

113. senta, n. Nigra, cano-tornentosa, capite albo, frontalibus
ferrugineis, thorace nigro-trivittato, alis cinereis, vena prcebrachiali an-
gulum rectum Jingente, alulis albis, abdomine longi-obconico tessellato.
Long. 4 1 ; alar. 8 lin.

Frontalia dark ferruginous ; bristles of the front descending along
one-third of the face ; face oblique ; lateralia red ; facialia ferruginous ;
epistoma testaceous, slightly prominent. Antenna nearly reaching the

TACHINA. 69

epistoma; third joint linear, slightly rounded at the tip, much more
than twice the length of the second ; sixth minutely pubescent, stout
for one-third of the length, much more than twice the length of the
third. Costal vein ending at a little in front of the tip of the wing ;
subcostal vein ending at hardly beyond one-third of the length ; medi-
astinal vein ending at half the length ; radial vein ending at about four-
fifths of the length ; cubital vein joining the costal near its tip ; pra-
brachial vein forming a right angle at its flexure, which emits a very
short clouded branch, near this it is much curved inward, and is thence
straight to its tip ; discal transverse vein with two rather deep curves,
parted from the border by less than its length, and by much less than
half its length from the flexure of the prsebrachial.
Rare. (E.)

114. commissa, n. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, thorace
nigro-quadrivittato, alis subcinereis, venis fusco-subnebulosis, vena prce-
brachiali angulum subobtusum Jingente, alub's albidis, abdomine elliptico
tessellato seneo-nigro. Long. 2-2£ ; alar. 4-5 lin.

Frontalia deep black, widening in front, ferruginous above the base
of the antennae ; bristles of the front descending to beyond half of the
length of the face ; face vertical ; epistoma not prominent ; eyes bare ;
palpi tawny towards the tips. Antennse nearly reaching the epistoma ;
second joint a little longer than deep, tawny at the tip ; third linear,
slightly truncated, about thrice the length of the second ; fourth very
short ; fifth moderately long ; sixth bare, stout for half the length, very
much longer than the third. Costal vein convex as far as the subcostal,
ending at very little above the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending
at a little beyond one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at
hardly before half of the length ; radial vein ending at five-sixths of
the length ; cubital vein bristly at the base, ending at near the tip of
the costal; pr&brachial vein forming a slightly obtuse angle at the flex-
ure, slightly curved inward from thence to the tip; discal transverse
vein with two very indistinct curves, parted by its length from the
flexure of the pra3brachial, and by rather less from the border.

Rare. In Mr. Desvignes's collection. (E.)

115. interna, n. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, thorace
nigro-quadrivittato, alis cinereis, vena prcebracJiiali angulum obtusum

fingente, alulis albis, abdomine ovato, vitta dorsali et segmentorum
marginibus posticis nigris. Long. 3| ; alar. 7 lin.

Frontalia deep black, widening in front; bristles of the front de-
scending to one-third of the face ; face vertical ; epistoma not promi-
nent ; palpi with ferruginous tips. Antenna? reaching the epistoma ;
second joint a little longer than deep ; third linear, rounded at the tip,
about thrice the length of the second ; fourth indistinct ; fifth very
short ; sixth bare, stout for one-third of the length, very much longer
than the third. Costal vein ending at a little in front of the tip of the

70 MUSCID.E.

wing ; subcostal vein ending at a little beyond one-third of the length ;
mediastinal vein ending at a little beyond half of the length ; radial
vein ending at a little before five-sixths of the length ; cubital vein
ending very near the tip of the costal; prcebrachial vein forming an ob-
tuse angle at the flexure, hardly curved inward from thence to the tip ;
discal transverse vein with two indistinct curves, parted by a little less
than its length from the flexure of the praBbrachial, and by much less
from the border:

Rare. In Mr. Desvignes's collection. (E.)

116. infix a. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, thorace nigro-
quadrivittato, alis subcinereis, vena prcebrachiali angulum valde obtusum

Jingente, alulis albidis, abdominis vitta dorsali brevi gracili nigra. Long.
2£; alar. 5 lin.

Frontalia with grey tomentum ; bristles of the front descending to
one-fourth of the face ; epistoma not prominent. Antennae not reach-
ing the epistoma ; third joint very slightly decreasing in breadth towards
the tip, which is obliquely rounded, much more than twice the length of
the second ; sixth very minutely pubescent, stout at the base, nearly twice
the length of the third. Thorax with four black stripes. Costal vein
ending at very little above the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending
at a little before one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at
about half the length ; radial vein ending at very little before four-fifths
of the length ; cubital vein joining the tip of the praBbrachial ; prcebra-
chial vein forming a very obtuse and not sharply defined angle at its
flexure, between which and its tip it is almost straight ; discal trans-
verse vein with two rather deep curves, parted from the border by very
little less than its length.

Bare. (E.)

117. reventa. Atra, nitens, angusta, capite albido, thorace non
vittato, alis cinereis, vena prabrachiali angulum perobtusum jingente,
alulis albidis, abdomine elliptico. Long. 2^ ; alar. 5 lin.

Male. Frontalia widening much in front; bristles of the front de-
scending along half the face ; facialia beset with bristles for one-third
of the length ; epistoma very slightly prominent. Antennas not reach-
ing the epistoma ; third joint linear, rounded at the tip, a little more
than twice the length of the second; sixth pubescent, stout for full
one-third of the length from the base, more than twice the length of
the third. Thorax not striped. Costal vein ending where the pra3-
brachial meets it at very little above the tip of the wing ; subcostal
vein ending before one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending
before half the length ; radial vein ending at about five-sixths of the
length ; cubital vein joining the costal very near its tip ; prcebracldal
vein forming a very obtuse and not sharply defined angle at its flexure,
between which and its tip it is hardly curved inward ; discal transverse
vein with the hind curve deeper than the other, parted from the border

TACHINA. 71

by very much less than its length, and by rather less than its length
from the flexure of the praebrachial.
Bare. (E.)

118. motor, n. Nigra, nitens, capite albo, aniennarum articulo
sexto ad apicem incrassato, alis sublimpidis, alulis albidis, abdomine
elongato-ovato. Long. 2 ; alar. 4 lin.

Frontalia deep black ; bristles of the front descending along half the
face ; epistoma not prominent. Antennae almost reaching the epistoma ;
third joint sublinear, very deep, rounded at the tip, about thrice the
length of the second ; fifth long ; sixth stout to the tip, longer than the
third. Costal vein ending at very little in front of the tip of the wing ;
subcostal vein ending at a little beyond one-third of the length ; medi-
astinal vein ending at hardly beyond half of the length ; radial vein
ending at beyond five-sixths of the length ; cubital vein joining the
costal close to its tip ; prsebrachial vein forming an obtuse angle at its
flexure, hardly curved inward from thence to its tip ; discal transverse
vein with two hardly perceptible curves, parted from the border by a
little more than its length, and by more than its length from the flexure
of the prasbrachial.

Bare. (E.)

119. puparum, E. E. S. iv. 326. 58 (1792) ; Meig; Mcq.; Zett.
— tricincta, Fal. — lateralis, Desv. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo,
thorace nigro-quadrivittato, scutello rufo-fulvo, alis subcinereis, alulis
albidis, abdomine elliptico subtessellato lateribus rufo-fulms. Long. 3^ ;
alar. 8 lin.

Frontalia deep black; bristles of the front descending along one-
fourth of the face ; face slightly oblique ; facialia without bristles ; epi-
stoma somewhat prominent ; lateralia red ; palpi tawny. Antenna not
reaching the epistoma ; third joint broad, sublinear, rounded at the tip,
about twice the length of the second ; sixth minutely pubescent, stout
for half the length, ftill twice the length of the third. Costal vein end-
ing at a little above the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at be-
yond one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at much beyond
half of the length ; radial vein ending at about seven-eighths of the
length ; cubital vein joining the costal near its tip ; praBbrachial vein
forming a right but not sharply defined angle at its flexure, from whence
it is much curved inward to its tip ; prasbrachial transverse vein slightly
clouded with brown ; discal transverse vein with two distinct curves,
parted from the border by rather less than half its length, and by full
half its length from the flexure of the prsebrachial. Abdomen elliptical.

Bare. (E.)

120. rudis, Fal. Msc. 27. 56 (1824) ; Meig. ; Zett. Nigra, cano-
tomentosa, capite albo, thorace nigro-trivittato, scutello rufo, alis sub-
cinereis, alulis albis, abdomine nigro brevi-elliptico tessellato. Long.
4£ ; alar. 8 lin.

72 MUSCID^E.

Bristles of the front descending along one-fourth of the face ; fron-
talia piceous, slightly depressed; face very slightly oblique; facialia
reddish ; epistoma pale testaceous, slightly prominent ; lateralia reddish ;
palpi tawny. Antenna not reaching the epistoma ; second joint ferru-
ginous ; third sublinear, slightly rounded at the tip, much longer than
the second ; sixth very minutely pubescent, stout for half the length,
less than twice the length of the third, somewhat lurid at the base ;
veins black, testaceous at the base. Costal vein ending very little
above the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at beyond one-third
of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at very much beyond half the
length ; radial vein ending at about seven-eighths of the length ; cubital
vein joining the costal near its tip ; praebrachial vein forming a not
sharply defined right angle at its flexure, curved inward from thence to
its tip ; discal transverse vein with the two usual curves, which are very
slight ; parted from the hind border by less than half its length, and
by full two-thirds of its length from the flexure of the prrebrachial.

Not rare. (E.)

121. intersita, n. Nigra, cinereo-tomentosa, capite albo, palpis
fulvis, antennarum articulo sexto prope ad dimidium incrassato, thorace
nigro-quadrivittato, alis cinereis, alulis albidis, abdomine ovato, vitta
dorsali et segmentorum marginibus posticis nigris. Long. 3^; alar.
61in.

Frontalia piceous -black, linear ; bristles of the front descending to
one-third of the face ; face vertical ; epistoma not prominent. Antenna
reaching the epistoma ; second joint twice longer than deep ; third
linear, slightly truncated, tawny at the base, twice the length of the
second ; fourth very short ; fifth of moderate length ; sixth bare, stout
to near half the length, about twice the length of the third. Costal
vein ending at a little in front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein
ending at very much beyond one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein
ending at very much beyond half of the length ; radial vein ending at
five-sixths of the length ; cubital vein ending near the tip of the costal ;
pra3brachial vein forming an obtuse angle at the flexure, very slightly
curved inward from thence to the tip ; discal transverse vein much
curved inward behind the middle, parted by less than its length from
the flexure of the prasbrachial and from the border.

Rare. In Mr. Desvignes's collection. (E.)

122. laticella, Mcq. A. S. E. F. vii. 373. 20 (1849). Atra, cano-
tomentosa, capite albo, antennarum articulo sexto ad trientem incrassato,
thorace nigro-trivittato, alis cinereis, alulis subcinereis, abdomine obco-
nico tessellato. Long. 3 ; alar. 7 lin.

Erontalia deep black ; bristles of the front descending to near half
the length of the face ; face oblique ; epistoma not prominent. An-
tennae almost reaching the epistoma ; third joint straight above, slightly
convex beneath, almost truncated at the tip, very much longer than the

TACHINA. 73

second ; sixth stout and very minutely pubescent for one-third of the
length, more than twice the length of the third. Costal vein ending
where the prsebrachial meets it at a little above the tip of the wing ;
subcostal vein ending at beyond one-third of the length ; mediastinal
vein ending at beyond half the length ; radial vein ending at beyond
four-fifths of the length ; cubital vein ending at very near the tip of
the costal ; prrebrachial vein forming a very obtuse angle at its flexure,
from whence to its tip it is hardly curved inward; discal transverse
vein with the hind curve deeper than the other, parted from the border
and from the flexure of the prsebrachial by much less than its length.
Not rare. (E.)

123. delitescens, n. Nigra, cano-subtomentosa, capite albo, pal-
pis fulvis, thorace nigro-vittato, scutello ferrugineo, alis subcinereis,
alulis albidis, abdomine obconico subtessellato lateribus ferrugineis.
Long. 4 ; alar. 9 lin.

Frontalia piceous, widening in front ; bristles of the front descending
to one-eighth of the face ; epistoma not prominent ; palpi tawny. An-
tennas nearly reaching the epistoma ; third joint slightly convex above,
beneath, and at the tip, about twice the length of the second ; sixth
piceous, tapering, testaceous at the* base, about twice the length of the
third. Costal vein ending at very little in front of the tip of the wing ;
subcostal vein ending at a little beyond one-third of the length ; medi-
astinal vein ending at beyond half the length ; radial vein ending at a
little beyond five-sixths of the length ; cubital vein joining the costal
near its tip ; prsebrachial vein forming a slightly obtuse angle at its
flexure, near which it is very slightly curved inward, and is thence al-
most straight to its tip ; discal transverse vein with two rather slight
curves, parted from the border by about half its length, and by much
less than its length from the flexure of the prsebrachial.

Rare. (E.)

124. augens, n. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, palpis niyris,
thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alis subcinereis, alulis albis, abdominis
lateribus basi testaceis. Long. 3 ; alar. 6 lin.

Frontalia deep black, ferruginous towards the ocelli ; bristles of the
front descending to one-fourth of the face ; front slightly prominent ;
epistoma white, prominent; lateralia tawny; palpi black. Antennse
almost reaching the epistoma ; third joint linear, slightly oblique and
almost obtuse at the tip, nearly twice the length of the second ; fifth
distinct; sixth very minutely pubescent, stout towards the base, less
than twice the length of the third. Costal vein ending at very little in
front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at a little more than
one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at half the length ;
radial vein ending at a little beyond four-fifths of the length ; cubital
vein joining the costal very near its tip ; prsebrachial vein forming a
curve at its flexure, almost straight from thence to its tip ; discal trans-

VOL. n. L

74 MUSCID.E.

verse vein with two slight curves, parted from the border by more than
its length, and by little more than its length from the flexure of the
praebrachial.
Eare. (E.)

125. certans, n. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, palpis fulvis,
thorace nigro-quinquevittato, alis subcinereis, alulis albis, abdomine
obconico tessellato. Long. 4 ; alar. 8 lin.

Frontalia black ; bristles of the front descending to one-fourth of the
face ; epistoma not prominent ; palpi tawny. Antennas almost reach-
ing the epistoma ; third joint rather broad, ferruginous at the base,
almost truncated at the tip, nearly twice the length of the second ; sixth
slightly taperin'g from the base to the tip, more than twice the length
of the third. Costal vein ending a little in front of the tip of the
wing ; subcostal vein ending at about one-third of the length ; medi-
astfnal vein ending at a little beyond half the length ; radial vein end-
ing at about five-sixths of the length ; cubital vein joining the costal
near its tip ; praBbrachial vein forming an almost right angle at its
flexure, from which it is curved inward to its tip ; discal transverse vein
with two very indistinct curves, parted from the border by a little more
than half its length, and by less tha» its length from the flexure of the
pra3brachial.

Eare. (E.)

126. atrata, Fal. Msc. 34. 71 (1810); Zett. Nigra, cinereo-to-
mentosa, capite albo, palpis nigris, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alis sub-
limpidis basi subluridis, alulis subcinereis, abdomine longi-ovato hir-
sutissiino. Long. 3 ; alar. 7 lin.

Bristles of the front descending to one-fourth of the face ; face short,
vertical ; epistoma not prominent ; palpi black. Antennas nearly reach-
ing the epistoma ; second joint longer than deep ; third linear, rounded
at the tip, nearly twice the length of the second ; fourth indistinct ;
fifth very short ; sixth very minutely pubescent, stout to one-sixth of
the length, more than twice the length of the third. Costal vein with
a spine at the tip of the subcostal, ending at a little in front of the tip
of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at a little beyond one-third of the
length ; mediastinal vein ending at a little before half of the length ;
radial vein ending at a little before fire-sixths of the length ; cubital
vein ending near the tip of the costal ; prasbrachial vein forming an
obtuse angle at the flexure, hardly curved inward from thence to the
tip ; discal transverse vein with two distinct curves, parted by less than
its length from the flexure of the prsebrachial, and by half its length
from the border.

Eare. In Mr. Desvignes's collection. (E.)

127. angustipennis ? Meig. Zw. iv. 333. 162 (1824); Mcq.
Nigra, cano-subtomentosa, capite albo, facialibus ad quartam setosis,
thorace nigro-trivittato, alis cinereis, alulis albo-subcinereis, abdomine

TACHINA. 75

ovato, basi marginibus posticis vittaque dorsali nigris. Long. 2f ;
alar. 3£ lin.

Frontalia deep black ; bristles of the front descending beyond one-
third of the face ; facialia bristly for one-fourth of the length ; epistoma
not prominent. Antennae reaching the epistoma; third joint linear,
rounded at the tip, almost twice the length of the second ; sixth indis-
tinctly pubescent, tapering gradually from the base to the tip, more
than twice the length of the third ; costal vein ending where the prae-
brachial meets it, a little in front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein
ending at full one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at a
little before half of the length ; radial vein ending at beyond four-fifths
of the length ; cubital vein ending at very near the tip of the costal ;
pra3brachial vein forming an obtuse angle at its flexure, from whence
to its tip it is hardly curved inward ; discal transverse vein with two
rather deep curves, parted from the border by little more than half its
length, and by three-fourths of its length from the flexure of the prae-
brachial.

Not rare. (E.)

128. comosa, n. Nigra, cano-subtomentosa, capite albo, anten-
narum articulo sexto ad Us trientem incrassato, alis cinereis basi et ad
costam obscurioribus, alulis albis, abdomine obconico tessellato valde
setoso. Long. 2-2^ ; alar. 4-5 lin.

Frontalia black, widening in front ; bristles of the front descending
to two-thirds of the face ; face very slightly oblique ; epistoma not
prominent. Antennae not reaching the epistoma ; third joint linear,
rather broad, almost truncated at the tip, more than twice the length
of the second ; fifth long; sixth stout for two-thirds of the length, much
longer than the third. Costal vein ending at very little in front of the
tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at a little beyond one-third of
the length ; mediastinal vein ending at a little before half of the length ;
radial vein ending at about five-sixths of the length ; cubital vein join-
ing the costal close to its tip ; prsebrachial vein forming a slightly ob-
tuse and not sharply defined angle at its flexure, near which it is much
curved inward, and is thence straight to its tip ; discal transverse vein
curved inward in the middle, parted from the border and from the
flexure of the prsebrachial by much more than its length.

Bare. (E.)

129. constans, n. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, thoroce
nigro-quadrivittato, scutello ferrugineo, alis subcinereis, alulis albis, ab-
domine obconico subtessellato. Long. 3 ; alar. 6 lin.

Frontalia piceous, broad ; bristles of the front descending to nearly
half the length of the face ; epistoma not prominent ; lateralia red ;
palpi long, slender. Antennae not reaching the epistoma ; third joint
linear, almost truncated at the tip, much more than twice the length of
the second ; sixth very minutely pubescent, stout for much more than

76 MUSCID^E.

half the length, very much longer than the third ; thorax with four
Hack stripes ; scutellum ferruginous. Costal vein ending at a little in
front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at beyond one-third
of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at beyond half the length ; ra-
dial vein ending at hardly beyond five-sixths of the length ; cubital
vein joining the costal near its tip ; prsebrachial vein forming a very
obtuse angle at its flexure, from whence it is almost straight to its tip ;
discal transverse vein with the fore curve a little more distinct than the
other, which is hardly perceptible, parted from the border by very little
more than its length, and by much less than its length from the flexure
of the prsebrachial.
Bare. (E.)

130. intersecta, n. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, thorace
nigro-trivitiafo, alis cinereis, alulis albis, abdomine longi-obconico tes-
sellato. Long. 2i ; alar. 5 lin.

Frontalia deep black, linear ; bristles of the front descending to one-
third of the face ; face vertical ; epistoma not prominent. Antenna
nearly reaching the epistoma ; second joint rather less than twice longer
than deep ; third decreasing in depth from the base to the tip, which
is rounded, nearly twice the length of the second ; fourth indistinct ;
fifth very short ; sixth plumose to nearly half the length, stout for full
one-fourth of the length, full twice the length of the third. Thorax
with three black stripes. Costal vein ending at far in front of the tip
of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at beyond one-third of the length ;
mediastinal vein ending at about half of the length ; radial vein ending
at a little beyond three-fourths of the length ; cubital vein ending near
the tip of the costal ; preebrachial vein forming a hardly obtuse angle at
the flexure, which emits a short branch, much bent inward near this,
almost straight from thence to the tip ; discal transverse vein with very
indistinct curves, parted by less than its length from the flexure of the
prabrachial, and by much more than its length from the border.

Rare. Iii Mr. Desvignes's collection. (E.)

131. erecta, n. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, facialibm
totis setosis, pulpis fulvis, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alis subcinereis,
alulis cinereis, abdomine subelliptico, basi vitta dorsali et segmentorum
marginibus posticis nigris. Long. 3f ; alar. 7 liu.

Frontalia deep black, linear ; bristles of the front descending to a
quarter of the face ; face very slightly oblique ; facialia beset with bristks
for the whole length. Antennae reaching the epistoma; second joint
not longer than deep ; third linear, slightly truncated, more than four
times the length of the second ; fourth almost obsolete ; fifth short ;
sixth bare, stout for one-third of the length, very much longer than the
third. Costal vein ending at very little in front of the tip of the wing ;
subcostal vein ending at a little beyond one-third of the length ; me-
diastinal vein ending at a little beyond half of the length ; radial vein

TACHINA. 77

ending at about live-sixths of the length; cubital vein ending at near
the tip of the costal ; praebrachial vein forming an obtuse angle at its
flexure, straight from thence to near its tip, where it is very slightly in-
clined inward ; discal transverse vein nearly straight, parted by a little
less than its length from the flexure of the praebrachial, and by much
less from the border.

Rare. In the late Mr. Stephens' s collection. (E.)

132. denotans, n. Nigra cano-tomentosa, capite albo, an tennis
basi palpisque testaceis, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alis subcinereis,
alulis albidis, abdomine longi-obconico subcylindrico, pedibus fulvis,
tarsis nigris. Long. 3 ; alar. 5 lin.

Head testaceous in front. Frontalia reddish, slightly depressed,
widening much in front ; bristles of the front not extending along the
face ; facialia without bristles ; epistoma rather prominent. Antenna
not reaching the epistoma ; third joint linear, rounded at the tip, much
longer than the second ; sixth plumose, with rather long hairs, thick at
the base, more than twice the length of the third. Thorax with four
interrupted black stripes. Costal vein ending a little in front of the tip
of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at a little beyond one-third of the
length ; mediastirial vein ending at about half the length ; radial vein
ending at much beyond three-fourths of the length; cubital vein
joining the costal almost at its tip; praebrachial vein forming an
obtuse, and not sharply defined angle at its flexure, from whence it
is very slightly inclined inward to its tip, which joins the cubital vein
almost at the tip of the latter ; discal transverse vein with two very
slight curves, parted from the border by very little less than its length,
and by much more than its length from the flexure of the praebrachial.

Rare. (E.)

133. contempta, n. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, thorace
nigro-trivittato, alis subcinereis, alulis albis, abdomine ovato tessellato.
Long. 2^; alar. 5 lin.

Frontalia with grey tomentum ; bristles of the front descending to
one-third of the face ; facialia without bristles ; epistoma slightly pro-
minent. Antennas not reaching the epistoraa; third joint broad,
straight above, convex beneath, oblique at the tip, very much longer
than the second ; sixth pubescent, stout towards the base, much more
than twice the length of the third. Thorax with three black stripes. Cos-
tal vein ending where the praebrachial meets it, far in front of the tip
of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at about one-third of the length ;
mediastinal vein ending at half the length ; radial vein ending at before
four-fifths of the length ; cubital vein ending at very near the tip of the
costal; praebrachial vein forming a right angle at its flexure, which
emits a long branch ; near this it is curved inward, and is thence
almost straight to its tip ; discal transverse vein with the two usual
curves, which are extremely slight ; it has also a short outward curve

78 MUSCID^E.

on the hind part, and is parted from the border by very much more
than its length, and by less than its length from the flexure of the
prsebrachial.
Eare. (E.)

134. objecta, n. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, antennis basi
, thorace non vittato, alis subcinereis, alulis albidis, abdomine ovato,

vitta dorsali et segmentorum marginibus posticis uigris, pedibus fulvis,
femoribus basi et tarsis nigris. Long. 2 ; alar. 4 lin.

Frontalia deep black, linear ; bristles of the front descending along
the whole face ; face vertical ; facialia without bristles ; epistoma not
prominent ; lateralia reddish ; palpi tawny. Antenna nearly reaching
the epistoma ; first and second joints red ; second nearly twice longer
than deep ; third linear, rounded at the tip, longer than the second ;
fourth indistinct ; fifth short ; sixth minutely pubescent, stout for one-
fourth of the length, full twice the length of the third. Thorax not
striped. Costal vein with a spine by the tip of the subcostal, ending
at some distance in front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending
at one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at much before half
of the length. Radial vein ending at about four-fifths of the length ;
cubital vein ending very near the tip of the costal ; praebrachial vein
forming a very obtuse angle at its flexure, hardly curved inward, from
thence to the tip, which joins the tip of the cubital; discal transverse
vein, with two slight curves, parted by more than its length from the
flexure of the preebrachial and from the border.

Eare. In the late Mr. Stephens' s collection. (E.)

135. demissa, n. Nigra, gracilis, capite albo, palpis fulvis cla-
vatis, thorace non vittato, alis cinereis antice nigricantibus, alulis albis,
abdomine fusiformi hirsutissimo. Long. 3 ; alar. 5 lin.

Frontalia piceous black, widening in front ; bristles of the front des-
cending along the whole face ; face vertical ; facialia without bristles ;
epistoma not prominent. Antennas reaching the epistoma; second
joint much longer than deep ; third linear, truncated, twice the length
of the second ; fourth indistinct ; fifth very short ; sixth bare, stout to
one-fourth of the length, nearly twice the length of the third. Thorax
not striped. Costal vein a little convex as far as the tip of the sub-cos-
tal, ending at some little distance in front of the tip of the wing ; sub-
costal vein ending at one third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending
at very little beyond one third of the length ; radial vein ending at five-
sixths of the length ; cubital vein ending at the tip of the costal ; pra3-
brachial vein forming an obtuse angle at the flexure, with two indis-
tinct curves between that and the tip, which joins the cubital far from
the tip of the latter ; discal transverse vein parted by much more than
its length from the border, and by nearly twice its length from the
flexure of the praBbrachial.

Eare. In Mr. Desvignes's collection. (E.)

TACHINA. 79

136. laeta, (Weid.), Meig. Zw. iv. 381. 245 (1824). Nigra, cer-
vino-tomentosa, capita flavo, facie alba, antennis ferrugineis, thorace
nigroquadrivittato, alis subcinereis, alulis albis, abdomine fulvo obco-
nico, vitta dorsali et segment! tertii margine postico nigris, pedibus
fulvis, tibiis basi tarsisque nigris. Long. 4^ ; alar. 9 lin.

Frontalia black ; bristles of the front descending to one-fourth of the
face; face vertical; facialia bristly for three-fourths of the length;
epistoma not prominent; palpi testaceous. Antennae reaching the
epistoma; second joint not longer than deep; third linear, piceous
towards the tip, which is rounded, full eight times the length of the
second ; fourth extremely short ; fifth short ; sixth bare, stout for five-
sixths of the length, a little longer than the third ; wings pale brown at
the base and along the fore border. Costal vein ending at some dis-
tance in front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at much
beyond one-third of the length; mediastinal vein ending at much
beyond half of the length ; radial vein ending at a little before five-
sixths of the length ; cubital vein ending near the costal ; praebrachial
vein forming an obtuse angle at the flexure, very slightly curved inward
from thence to the tip ; discal transverse vein with two very distinct
curves, parted by much less than its length from the flexure of the prae-
brachial, and by little more than half its length from the border.

Rare. In the late Mr. Stephens's collection. (E.)

137. rejecta, n. Nigra, cano-subtomentosa, capite albo, thorace
nigro-vittato, alis subcinereis, vena prcebrachiali angulum rectum fin-
genie, alulis albis, abdomine longi-obconico, marginibus anticis albis.
Long. 2£ ; alar. 5 lin.

Frontalia dark ferruginous; bristles of the front descending along
half the face ; epistoma not prominent. Antennae reaching the epis-
toma ; third joint linear, rather broad, rounded at the tip, about four
times the length of the second ; fifth long ; sixth stout for more than
half the length, much longer than the third. Costal vein ending at a
short distance in front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at
a little before one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at much
before half the length ; radial vein ending at about three-fourths of the
length ; cubital vein joining the costal almost close to its tip ; prcebra-
chial vein forming a right angle at its flexure, near which it is much
curved inward, and is thence straight to its tip, which joins the cubital
at some distance from the tip of the latter ; discal transverse vein very
slightly curved inward in the middle ; parted from the border by very
much more than its length, and by much more than its length from the
flexure of the praebrachial.

Rare. (E.)

138. neglecta, n. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, thorace
nigro-quadrivittato, alis subcinereis, vena prabrackiali angulum perobtu-
sum fingente, alulis albis, abdomine obconico tessellato. Long. 3£;
alar. 7 lin.

80 MUSCIDJE.

Frontalia piceous ; bristles of the front descending to two-thirds of
the face; face slightly oblique; epistoma not prominent; lateralia red.
Antennae reaching the epistoma ; third joint linear, truncated at the tip,
nearly four times the length of the second ; sixth very minutely pubes-
cent, stout for more than half the length from the base, much longer
than the third. Costal vein ending at some distance in front of the
tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending before one-third of the length ;
mediastinal vein ending before half the length ; radial vein ending before
four-fifths of the length; cubital vein joining the costal near its tip.
Pr&bracMal vein forming a very obtuse angle at its flexure, from whence
it is almost straight to its tip ; discal transverse vein with two slight
curves, parted from the border by more than its length, and by its
length from the flexure of the praebrachial.

Rare. (E.)

139. retracta, n. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, facialibus
ad sextam setosis, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alis subcinereis, alulis albis,
abdomine obconico, vitta dorsali et segmentorum marginibus posticis
nigris. Long. 3| ; alar. 6 1m.

Head rather prominent in front. Frontalia piceous, linear, striated ;
bristles of the front descending to half the length of the face; face
slightly oblique. Facialia bristly for one-sixth of the length. Epis-
toma not prominent. Antennae reaching the epistoma ; second joint
longer than deep ; third linear, slightly truncated, full four times the
length of the second; fourth short; fifth rather long; sixth bare,
stout for three-fourths of the length, hardly longer than the third.
Costal vein ending at far in front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal
vein ending at a little beyond one-third of the length ; mediastinal
vein ending at a little beyond half of the length ; radial vein ending
at four-fifths of the length ; cubital vein ending very near the tip of the
costal ; prsebrachial vein forming a very slightly obtuse angle at the
flexure, which emits a very short branch, very slightly bent inward
near this, and thence almost straight to the tip ; discal transverse vein
slightly bent inward, parted by its length from the flexure of the prse-
brachial, and by much more than its length from the border.

Rare. In Mr. Desvignes's collection. (E.)

140. consanguinea, Mcq. A. S. E. F. vii. 387. 46 (1849). Ni-
gra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, antennarum articulo sexto ad dimidium
incrassatOy thorace nigro-quadrivittato, scutelli apice ferrugineo, alis sub-
cinereis, alulis albis, abdomine ovato subtessellato. Long. 3|- ; alar.
71in.

Frontalia broad ; bristles of the front descending to half the length
of the face ; face hardly oblique ; epistoma not prominent ; lateralia
red. Antennas reaching the epistoma ; third joint linear, almost trun-
cated at the tip, nearly four times the length of the second ; fifth long ;
sixth very minutely pubescent ; stout for about half the length , very

TACHINA. 81

much longer than the third. Costal vein ending on the fore border at
a little distance in front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending
at a little beyond one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at
a little beyond half the length ; radial vein ending at before five-sixths
of the length ; cubital vein joining the costal near its tip ; praebrachial
vein forming an obtuse angle at its flexure, between which and its tip
it is slightly curved inward ; discal transverse vein with two very indis-
tinct curves, parted from the border by much more than its length, and
by a little less than its length from the flexure of the praebrachial.
Rare. (E.)

141. amabilis, Meig. Zw. iv. 374. 232 (1824). Nigra, cano-to-
mentosa, capite albo, antennarum articulo sexto ad trientem incrassato,
thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alis subcinereis, alulis albidis, abdomine
longi-ovato tessellato. Long. 2f ; alar. 5 lin.

Frontalia deep black, broad, linear ; bristles of the front descending
to three-fourths of the face; face oblique; epistoma not prominent.
Antennae reaching the epistoma ; second joint not longer than deep ;
third linear, slightly truncated, six times the length of the second ;
fourth and fifth very short ; sixth bare, stout for one-third of the length,
longer than the third. Costal vein ending at far in front of the tip of
the wing ; subcostal vein ending at beyond one-third of the length ;
mediastinal vein ending at half of the length ; radial vein ending at
four-fifths of the length ; cubital vein ending near the tip of the costal ;
praebrachial vein forming a hardly obtuse angle at the flexure, which
emits a long indistinct branch, curved inward near this ; discal trans-
verse vein with two indistinct curves, parted by its length from the
flexure of the prsebrachial, and by much more from the border.

Rare. In Mr. Desvignes's collection. (E.)

142. campestris, Fal. Msc. 8. 12 (1810); Meig.; Mcq. ; Zett.
Nigra, cinereo-tomentosa, capite porrecto albo, facialibus ad dimidium
setosisy alis subcinereis, aluh's albidis, abdomine obconico tessellato.
Long. 2f-3 ; alar. 4^-5 lin.

Frontalia striated ; bristles of the front descending to one-eighth of
the face ; face oblique ; facialia bristly for half the length ; epistoma
slightly prominent. Antennae reaching the epistoma ; third joint linear,
rounded at the tip, about sixth times the length of the second ; sixth
microscopically pubescent, stout for more than half the length from the
base, a little longer than the third. Costal vein ending at some
distance in front of the tip of the wing; subcostal vein at a little
beyond one-third of the length; mediastinal vein ending at a little
before half the length ; radial vein at about five-sixths of the length ;
cubital vein joining the costal very near its tip ; prajbrachial vein
forming a very slightly obtuse angle at its flexure, near which it is curved
inward, and is thence almost straight to its tip ; discal transverse vein
with two very slight curves, parted from the border by very much

VOL. II. M

82 MUSCIDJE.

more than its length, and by more than its length from the flexure of
the prsebrachial.
Not rare. (E.)

143. multans, n. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite argenteo, facia-
libus ad bis trientem setosis^ antennarum articulo sexto ad apicem incras-
sato, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alis subcinereis, alulis albis, abdomine
longi-obconico tessellato. Long. 3i ; alar. 5^ lin.

Frontalia ferruginous, widening behind; bristles of the front de-
scending to one-sixth of the face ; face very slightly oblique ; faci-
alia bristly for two-thirds of the length; epistomanot prominent; palpi
tawny. Antennae reaching the epistoma ; second joint not longer than
deep ; third linear, truncated, more than six times the length of the
second; fourth almost obsolete; fifth very shorth; sixth bare, stout
to the tip, as long as the third. Costal vein ending at some distance
in front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at much beyond
one-third of the length; mediastinal vein ending at beyond half of
the length ; radial vein ending at four-fifths of the length ; cubital
vein ending very near the tip of the costal ; prasbrachial vein forming
an obtuse angle at the flexure, slightly curved inward from thence to the
tip ; discal transverse vein with two very indistinct curves, parted by
much more than its length from the border, and by much less from the
flexure of the prsebrachial.

Eare. In the late Mr. Stephens' s collection. (E.)

144. assimilis, Fal.Msc. 28. 58(1810); Meig.; Zett. ; Mcq. A.
S. E. F. — agilis, Desv. ; Mcq. D. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo,
facialibus ad plus dimidium setosis, antennarum articulo sexto fere ad di-
midium incrassato, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alis subcinereis, alulis
albis, abdomine longi-obconico tessellato. Long. 3|-4 ; alar. 7-8 lin.

Frontalia deep black ; bristles of the front descending to one-sixth
of the face ; face slightly oblique. Facialia bristly for more than half
the length ; epistoma not prominent ; palpi tawny. AntennaB reaching
the epistoma ; third joint linear, subconical at the tip, about four times
the length of the second ; sixth stout for nearly half the length, nearly
twice the length of the third. Costal vein ending in front at some
little distance from the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at about
one-third of the length; mediastinal vein ending at about half the
length ; radial vein ending at about four-fifths of the length ; cubital
vein joining the costal near its tip ; prabrachial vein forming an obtuse
angle at its flexure, near which it is very slightly curved inward, and
is thence almost straight to its tip ; discal transverse vein with two
very indistinct curves, parted from the border by its length, and by
much less than its length from the flexure of the preebrachial.

Not rare. (E.)

145. munita, n. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite sX^o, facialibus ad

TACHINA. 83

bis trientem setosis, antennarum articulo sexto basi incrassato, thorace
nigro-quadrivittato, scutello rufo, alis subcinereis, venis fusco subne-
bulosis, alulis albis, abdomine longi-obconico tessellato. Long. 4^ ;
alar. 10 lin.

Frontalia deep black, striated, widening towards the antenna? ;
bristles of the front descending to half the length of the face ; front
prominent. lacialia bristly for two-thirds of the length ; epistoma pro-
minent; palpi tawny. Antennae reaching the epistoma; third joint
about four times the length of the second ; flat above, slightly convex
beneath, obliquely rounded at the tip ; fourth and fifth short ; sixth
very minutely and almost imperceptibly pubescent, stout towards the
base, almost twice the length of the third. Costal vein ending at not
far from the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein at a little more than one-
third of the length ; mediastinal vein more than half the length ; radial
vein ending before four-fifths of the length ; cubital vein joining the
costal at a short distance from the pra?brachial ; praebrachial vein form-
ing an obtuse angle at its flexure, near which it is slightly inclined in-
ward, and is thence almost straight to its tip ; discal transverse vein
with a curve at each end, parted from the border by a little less than
its length, and by much less than its length from the flexure of the
prcebrachial.

Bare. (E.)

146. leucocephala, F. E.S. iv. 329. 74 (1792); Pz.; Fal.; Meig.;
Desv. ; Mcq. ; Zett. — labiata, F. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite ar-
genteo micante, antennarum articulo sexto ad dimidium incrassato, thorace
nigro-quadrivittato, alis subcinereis, alulis albidis, abdomine obconico
fusco-tessellato. Long. 2-3 ; alar. 4-6 lin.

Head slightly conical in front ; vertex with grey tomentum. Fron-
talia deep black ; bristles of the front descending to one-fourth of the
face ; face obh'que. Antenna? reaching the epistoma ; third joint linear,
oblique at the tip, about six times the length of the second; sixth
thick for half the length, rather stout from thence to the tip, hardly
longer than the third. Costal vein ending where the praBbrachial meets
it, at some distance from the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending
at about one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at half the
length ; radial vein ending at about four-fifths of the length ; cubital
vein ending at near the tip of the costal; prabrachial vein form-
ing a very slightly obtuse angle at its flexure, which emits a very short
branch ; beyond this it is slightly curved inward, and is thence almost
straight to its tip ; discal transverse vein with the hind part slightly
curved inward, parted from the border by very much more than its
length, and by much less than its length from the flexure of the praB-
brachial.

Not rare. (E.)

147. froutosa, Meig. Zw. iv. 388. 259 (1824). Nigra, cincreo-

84 MUSCID.E.

tomentosa, capite albo, antennarum articulo sexto ad bis trientem incras-
sato, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alls subcinereis, alulis albis, abdo-
mine elliptico tessellato. Long. 2i-2-| lin. ; alar. 4-4-| lin.

Frontalia deep black, linear ; front prominent ; bristles of the front
descending to one-fourth of the face ; face very oblique ; epistoma not
prominent. Antennae reaching the epistoma ; second joint very little
longer than deep ; third linear, truncated, four times the length of the
second ; fourth indistinct ; fifth of moderate length ; sixth bare, stout
for two-thirds of the length, longer than the third. Costal vein ending
at far in front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at beyond
one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at a little before half
of the length ; radial vein ending at beyond three-fourths of the length ;
cubital vein ending very near the tip of the costal ; prcebrachial vein
forming a right angle at the flexure, which emits a long branch, curved
inward near this, and thence almost straight to the tip ; discal trans-
verse vein with two very slight curves, parted by less than its length
from the flexure of the prasbrachial, and by much more from the
border.

Rare. In Mr. Desvignes's collection. (E.)

148. quadricincta, Steph. MSS. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, ca-
pite albo, facialibus non setosis, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alis sublim-
pidis, alulis albidis, abdomine obconico, basi marginibus posticis vitta-
que dorsali nigris, femoribus subtus piceis. Long. 2 ; alar. 4 lin.

Frontalia piceous, slightly narrower in front ; bristles of the front
descending to one-third of the length of the face ; face vertical ; fa-
cialia without bristles; epistoma not prominent. Antennae almost
reaching the epistoma ; second joint a little longer than deep ; third
linear, rounded at the tip, about four times longer than the second ;
fourth indistinct; fifth rather long; sixth very minutely pubescent,
stout for half the length, rather less than twice the length of the third.
Costal vein minutely ciliated, ending at a little in front of the tip of
the wing; subcostal vein ending at much beyond one-third of the
length ; mediastinal vein ending at much beyond half of the length ;
radial vein ending at beyond five-sixths of the length ; cubital vein
ending near the costal ; prrebrachial vein forming a very obtuse angle
at the flexure, hardly curved inward, from thence to the tip ; discal
transverse vein with two slight curves, parted by a little more than
its length from the flexure of the prrebrachial, and by much more from
the border.

Rare. In the late Mr. Stephens' s collection. (E.)

149. volatica, Mcq. A. S. E. F. ser. 2. vii. 414. 95 (1849). Nigra,
cano-tomentosa, capite argenteo, antennarum articulo sexto ad bis trientem
setoso, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, scutelli margine fulvo, alis subhyali-
nis, alulis albis, abdomine tessellato. lateribus basi ferrugineis. Long.
3 1 ; alar. 7 lin.

TACHINA. 85

Frontalia deep black ; front prominent ; bristles of the front de-
scending to nearly half the length of the face ; epistoma testaceous, not
prominent. Antennae reaching the epistoma ; third joint linear, slightly
rounded at the tip, rather more than four times the length of the second ;
fifth rather long ; sixth very minutely pubescent, much longer than the
third, stout for two-third* of the length. Costal vein ending above the
tip of the wing ; subcostal vein rather more than one-third of the length ;
mediastinal vein more than half the length ; radial vein ending at much
beyond three-fourths of the length ; cubital vein joining the costal very
near its tip ; prabrachial vein forming an obtuse angle at its flexure,
between which and its tip it is slightly curved inward ; discal transverse
vein with two rather indistinct curves, parted from the border by very
much more than its length, and by nearly its length from the flexure
of the pnetbrachial.

Bare. (E.)

150. nigrolineata, Steph. MSS. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite
albo, antennarum articulo sexto ad trientem setoso, thorace nigro-quadri-
vittato, alis subcinereis, alulis albis, abdomine obconico, marginibus
posticis vittaque dorsali nigris. Long. 2f ; alar. 5 lin.

Frontalia piceous, linear; bristles of the front descending to one-
third of the face ; face oblique ; epistoma not prominent. Antenna?
reaching the epistoma ; second joint not longer than deep ; third linear,
truncated, more than four times the length of the second ; fourth almost
obsolete ; fifth rather short ; sixth bare, stout for full one-third of the
length, very much longer than the third. Costal vein ending at some
little distance in front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at
a little beyond one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at a
little beyond half the length ; radial vein ending at five-sixths of the
length ; cubital vein ending very near the costal ; prsebrachial vein
forming an obtuse angle at the flexure, hardly curved inward from
thence to the tip ; discal transverse vein almost straight, parted by a
little more than its length from the flexure of the praebrachial, and by
a little less from the border.

Rare. In the late Mr. Stephens's collection. (E.)

151. vulgaris, Fal. Msc. 30. 62 (1810); Meig. ; Zett. Nigra,
cano-tomentosa, capite albo, antennarum articulo sexto ad bis trientem
incrassato, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, scutello apice ferrugineo, alis
subcinereis, alulis albis, abdomine obconico subtessellato. Long. 3^;
alar. 6 lin.

Frontalia dark ferruginous ; bristles of the front descending to one-
third of the face ; epistoma not prominent. Antenna? nearly reaching
the epistoma ; third joint linear, rounded at the tip, full four times the
length of the second ; sixth stout for two-thirds of the length, much
longer than the third. Costal vein ending at a short distance in front
of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at a little beyond one-

86 MUSCID^E.

third of the length ; mediastiual vein ending at a little beyond half of the
length ; radial vein ending at a little before five-sixths of the length ;
cubital vein joining the costal near its tip ; prsebrachial vein forming
an obtuse angle, between which and its tip it is very slightly curved
inward ; discal transverse vein with two very slight curves, parted from
the border by nearly its length, and by much less than its length from
the flexure of the prsebrachial.
Not rare. (E.)

152. inoperta, n. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, palpisful-
vis, antennarum articulo sexto ad dimidium incrassato, tJiorace nigro-
quadrivittato, alis cinereis, alulis subcinereis, abdomine obconico, vitta
dorsali et segmentorum marginibus posticis nigris. Long. 4 ; alar. 8
lin.

Frontalia deep black, slightly widening in front ; bristles of the front
descending very little below the base of the antenna ; face vertical ;
epistoma not prominent ; palpi tawny. Antennae nearly reaching the
epistoma; third joint linear, slightly truncated at the tip, full four
times the length of the second ; fourth obsolete ; fifth distinct ; sixth
bare, very much longer than the third, thick to half its length ; thorax
with four black stripes. Costal vein ending at a short distance in front
of the tip of the wing; subcostal vein ending at very little beyond
one-third of the length ; rnediastinal vein ending at a little beyond half
the length ; radial vein ending at about five-sixths of the length ; cu-
bital vein joining the costal near its tip ; prsebrachial vein forming a
very obtuse and not sharply defined angle at its flexure, nearly straight
from thence to its tip ; discal transverse vein with the hinder curve
more distinct than the fore one, parted from the border and from the
flexure of the prsebrachial by a little less than its length.

Bare. (E.)

153. audax, Mcq. A. S. E. P. ser. 2. vii. 388. 48 (1849). Nigra,
cano-tomentosa, capite albo, palpis nigris, antennarum articulo sexto ad
dimidium incrassato, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, scutelli marginibus rufis,
alis subcinereis, alulis albis, abdomine obconico subtessellato. Long.
4 ; alar. 8 lin.

Frontalia ferruginous along each side ; bristles of the front descend-
ing to nearly half the length of the face ; epistoma pale testaceous, not
prominent ; palpi black. Antennas reaching the epistoma ; third joint
slightly decreasing in breadth beyond the base, almost truncated at the
tip, about six times the length of the second; sixth stout for half the
length, very much longer than the third ; thorax with four black stripes.
Oostal vein ending at some little distance from the tip of the wing ;
subcostal vein ending at much beyond one-third of the length ; medi-
astinal vein ending at much beyond half the length ; radial vein ending
at about five-sixths of the length ; cubital vein joining the costal near
its tip ; prsebrachial vein forming a slightly obtuse angle at its flexure,

TACHINA. 87

near which it is slightly curved inward, and is thence almost straight
to its tip ; discal transverse vein with two extremely slight curves,
parted from the border by its length, and by much less than its length
from the flexure of the prsebrachial.
Bare. (E.)

154. inquilina. Nigra, hirsutissima, cano-subtomentosa, capite
albo, antennarum articulo sexto ad plus trientem incrassato, thorace nigro-
trivittato, alis subhyalinis, alulis subcinereis, abdomine obconico, basi
vitta dorsali et segmentorum marginibus posticis nigris. Long. 2£ ;
alar. 5 lin.

Frontalia deep black, linear ; bristles of the front descending to one-
third of the face ; face vertical ; epistoma not prominent. Antennae
reaching the epistoma ; second joint not longer than deep ; third linear,
subtruncated, four times the length of the second ; fourth almost obso-
lete ; fifth very short ; sixth bare, stout for more than one-third of the
length, much less than twice the length of the third ; thorax with three
slender black stripes. Costal vein ending at some little distance in front
of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at a little beyond one-third
of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at beyond half of the length ;
radial vein ending at beyond four-fifths of the length ; cubital vein
ending very near the tip of the costal^; praebrachial vein forming an
obtuse angle at its flexure, hardly curved inward from thence to its tip ;
discal transverse vein straight, with the exception of an indistinct
hinder inward curve, parted by hardly more than its length from the
flexure of the prsebrachial, and by hardly less from the border.

Rare. In the late Mr. Stephens' s collection. (E.)

155. insedata, n. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albo, antennarum
articulo sexto ad trientem incrassato, palpis fulvis basi obscurioribus,
thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alis cinereis, vena pr&brachiali angulumfere
rectum Jingente, alulis albis, abdomine longi-obconico tessellato. Long.
3i ; alar. 7 lin.

Frontalia deep black ; bristles of the front descending nearly to half
the length of the face ; epistoma not prominent ; lateralia partly red.
Antennas reaching the epistoma ; third joint linear, slightly rounded at
the tip, more than four times the length of the second ; sixth very mi-
nutely pubescent, stout for one-third of the length, nearly twice the
length of the third. Costal vein ending at some distance in front of
the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at hardly one-third of the
length; mediastinal vein ending at hardly half the length; radial
vein ending at about four-fifths of the length ; cubital vein joining
the costal very near its tip ; prcebrachial vein forming an almost right
angle at its flexure, from whence proceeds a slight clouded streak ; be-
tween this and its tip it is very slightly curved inward ; discal trans-
verse vein with the hind curve much deeper and longer than the other,
which is hardly perceptible, parted from the border by much more

88 MUSCID^.

than its length, and by more than its length from the flexure of the
prsebrachial.
Bare. (E.)

156. concinnata? Meig. Zw. iv. 412. 301 (1824). Nigra, cano-
tomentosa, capite albo, antennarum articulo sexto ad trientem incrassato,
thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alis subciiiereis, vena prcebrachiali angulum
perobtusumfngente, abdomine obconico subtessellato. Long. 4 ; alar.

7 lin.

Frontalia deep black, slightly widening in front ; bristles of the front
descending to one-third of the face from the base of the antennas ; face
vertical ; epistoma not prominent ; palpi tawny. Antennae nearly
reaching the epistoma ; second . joint longer than deep ; third almost
linear, truncated at the tip, more than four times the length of the
second; fourth very short; fifth distinct; sixth bare, full twice the
length of the third, stout for one-third of the length. Costal vein end-
ing at a little in front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending
at much beyond one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at
beyond half the length ; radial vein ending at about five-sixths of the
length ; cubital vein joining the costal near its tip ; prcebrachial vein
forming a very obtuse and not sharply defined angle at its flexure, from
whence it is almost straight to its tip; discal transverse vein with
two very slight curves, parted by much less than its length from the
border, and by a little less from the flexure of the prasbrachial vein.

Rare. In tlje late Mr. Stephens' s collection. (E.)

157. infensans, n. Nigra, cano-subtomentosa, capite albo, /<zm-
libus quarta excepta setosis, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, scutello ferru-
gineo, alis subcinereis, alulis albis, abdomine obconico. Long. 4 ; alar.

8 lin.

Bristles of the front descending to one-fourth of the face ; face
slightly oblique ; facialia bristly for three-fourths of the length ; episto-
ma not prominent. Antennae reaching the epistoma ; third joint linear,
rounded at the tip, full four times the length of the second ; sixth very
minutely pubescent, stout towards the base, much longer than the
third. Costal vein ending at some distance in front of the tip of the
wing ; subcostal vein ending at a very little beyond one-third of the
length ; mediastinal vein ending at much beyond half the length ;
radial vein ending at about four-fifths of the length; cubital vein
joining the costal near its tip; prsebrachial vein forming an almost
right not sharply defined angle at its flexure, near which it is slightly
curved inward, and is thence straight to its tip ; discal transverse vein
with two very slight curves parted from the border by less than its
length.

Eare. (E.)

158. angusta, Mcq. A. S. E. F. ser. 2. viii. 469. 23 (1850). Ni-
gra, cano-subtomentosa, capite albo, facialibus fere totis setosis, thorace

TACIIINA. 89

nigro-quadrivittato, scutello ferrngineo, alls subcinereis, alulis albis,
abdomine obconico, segment! secundi lateribus tibiisque ferrugineis.
Long. 3^ ; alar. 6 liu.

Frontalia deep black ; bristles of the front descending to one-third
of the face; face oblique; facialia bristly along nearly tJie whole
length ; epistoma not prominent ; lateralia red. Antennas reaching the
epistoma ; third joint linear, rounded at the tip, more than four times
the length of the second ; sixth very minutely pubescent, tapering gra-
dually from the base to the tip, very much longer than the third.
Costal vein ending at some distance in front of the tip of the wing ;
subcostal vein ending at a little beyond one-third of the length ; me-
diastinal vein ending at much beyond half the length; radial vein
ending at about four-fifths of the length; cubital vein joining the
costal very near its tip ; prasbrachial vein forming an almost right angle
at its flexure, near which it is slightly curved inward, and is thence
almost straight to its tip ; discal transverse vein with two very slight
curves, parted from the border by a little less than its length, and by
less than its length from the flexure of the prasbrachial.

Bare. (E.)

159. spinipennis, Meig. Zw. iv. 350. 192 (1824). Nigra, cano-
tomentosa, capite albido, frontalibus ferrugineis, arista angulata, thorace
nigro-quadrivittato, alis sublimpidis, alulis albis, abdomine obconico,
basi et marginibus posticis nigris. Long. 2-2£ ; alar. 4-4^- lin.

Frontalia broad; bristles of the front descending to one-sixth of
the face ; face slightly oblique ; facialia bristly along the whole length ;
epistoma not prominent ; palpi tawny. Antennas reaching the episto-
ma ; second joint a little longer than deep ; third linear, rounded at
the tip, four times the length of the second ; fourth and fifth very long ;
sixth stout to the tip, nearly twice the length of the third, forming an
angle with the fifth. Costal vein ending at hardly in front of the tip of
the wing; subcostal vein armed with spines, ending at beyond one-
third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at a little beyond half of
the length ; radial vein ending at about seven-eighths of the length ;
cubital vein joining the costal near its tip ; prsebrachial vein forming
a very obtuse angle at the flexure, hardly curved inward from thence
to the tip ; discal transverse vein straight, parted by very much more
than its length from the flexure of the prsebrachial, and by a little more
than its length from the border.

Bare. (E.)

160. accidens, n. Nigra, gracilis, capite albo, thoracis lateribus
albido-tomentosis, alis subcinereis, alulis pallide testaceis, abdomine
cylindrico, segmentorum marginibus anticis albidis, pedibus nigris.
Long. 3 ; alar. 5^ lin.

Frontalia deep black ; bristles of the front not descending along the
face ; facialia bristly along three-fourths of the length ; epistoma not

VOL. II. N

90 MUSCIDJE.

prominent. Antennae reaching the epistoma ; third joint linear, slightly
oblique and almost truncated at the tip, about four times the length of
the second ; sixth pubescent, stout at the base, very much longer than
the third. Costal vein ending at the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein
ending before one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at much
before half the length ; radial vein ending at about five-sixths of the
length ; cubital vein joining the costal very near its tip ; praBbrachial
vein forming a very obtuse and not sharply defined angle at its flexure,
from whence it is almost straight till near its tip, where it is slightly
inclined inward ; discal transverse vein with two distinct curves, parted
from the border by hardly more than half its length, and by a little
less than its length from the flexure of the praebrachial. Legs black.
Rare. (E.)

161. pallipes, Fal.Msc. 22.44(1810); Meig. ; Mcq.A.S.E.F.
— agilis, Desv. ; Mcq. D. Nigra, cinereo-tomentosa, capite flavo-
albo, frontalibus ferrugineis, fadalibus ad sextam setosis, thorace nigro-
quadrivittato, scutello fulvo, alis subcinereis, alulis albis, abdomine ob-
conico tessellato, pedibus fulvis. Long. 4^; alar. 10 lin.

Frontalia slightly wider in front; bristles of the front hardly de-
scending below the base of the antennae ; face vertical ; facialia bristly
along one-sixth of the length ; epistoma not prominent ; palpi tawny.
Antennae reaching the epistoma; second joint red, not longer than
deep; third sublinear, slightly truncated, about six times the length of
the second ; fourth very short ; fifth distinct ; sixth bare, thick for less
than half the length, very much longer than the third. Costal vein
ending at some distance in front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein
ending at about one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at
beyond half the length ; radial vein ending at a little beyond three-
fourths of the length ; cubital vein ending near the costal ; prsebrachial
vein forming an obtuse angle at its flexure, near which it is very
slightly inclined inward, and is thence almost straight to its tip ; discal
transverse vein with two very distinct curves, parted by very little less
than its own length from the flexure of the praebrachial, and by much
less from the border. Legs tawny.

Not common. (E.)

162. antiqua, Meig. Zw. iv. 412. 300 (1824).^?0%es var., Fal.
Nigra, cinereo-tomentosa, capite albo, frontalibus rufis, fadalibus ad di-
midium setosis, antennis basi fulvis, articulo tertio secundo triplo longiore,
thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alis subcinereis, alulis albis, abdomine ovato,
vitta dorsali nigra, pedibus fulvis, tarsis nigris. Long. 2f ; alar. 6 lin.

Frontalia deep red ; bristles of the front descending to one-third of
the face ; facialia bristly for nearly half the length ; epistoma not pro-
minent ; palpi slender, tawny. Antenna? reaching the epistoma ; third
slightly increasing in breadth towards the tip, which is truncated, about
thrice tlie length of the second; sixth stout for nearly half the length,

TACH1NA. 91

longer than the third. Costal vein ending at hardly above the tip of
the wing ; subcostal vein ending at beyond one-third of the length ;
mediastinal vein ending at beyond half the length ; radial vein ending
at about four-fifths of the length ; cubital vein joining the costal at its
tip ; praebrachial vein ceasing on approaching the border of the wing,
and with no flexure ; discal transverse vein almost straight, parted from
the border by nearly twice its length. Legs tawny ; tarsi black.
Not common. (E.)

163. infestans, n. Nigra, cervino-tomentosa, capite albido, fa~
ciali&us ad dimidium setosis, antennis basi fulvis, articulo tertio secundo
quadruplo longiore, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alis subcinereis, basi
subluridis, alulis albidis, abdomine ovato, pedibus fulvia, tarsis rigris.
Long. 2f ; alar. 5£ lin.

Frontalia piceous ; bristles of the front descending to one-third of
the face ; facialia bristly along half the length ; epistoma not promi-
nent ; palpi tawny. Antennae reaching the epistoma ; third joint sub-
linear, hardly broader towards the tip, which is almost truncated, about
four times the length of the second; sixth stout till near the tip, longer
than the third. Costal vein ending at very little above the tip of the
wing ; subcostal vein ending at about one-third of the length ; medias-
tinal vein ending at hardly half the length ; radial vein ending at a
little beyond five-sixths of the length ; cubital vein joining the costal
very near its tip ; prsebrachial vein forming a very obtuse angle at its
flexure, between which and its tip it is very slightly inclined inward ;
discal transverse vein straight, parted from the border and from the
flexure of the praebrachial by twice its length. Legs tawny ; tarsi
black.

Bare. (E.)

164. albicans? Fal. Msc. 35. 74- (1810); Meig.; Zett. Nigra,
cano-tomentosa, capite albo,facialibus non setosis, palpis fulvis, antennis
basi ferrugineis, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alis et alulis albidis, ab-
domine obconico, vitta dorsali et segmentorum marginibus posticis
nigris, femoribus apice subtus tibiisque ferrugineis. Long. 2^ ; alar.
6 lin.

Frontalia red, slightly widening in front ; bristles of the front de-
scending to one-fourth of the length of the face ; face vertical ; facialia
without bristles ; epistoma not prominent. Antennae reaching the epis-
toma ; third joint slender, linear, truncated, four times the length of the
second; fourth and fifth indistinct; sixth bare, stout for half the
length, very much longer than the third. Costal vein ending at the
tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at much beyond one-third of
the length; mediastinal vein ending at beyond half of the length;
radial vein ending at beyond five-sixths of the length; cubital vein
ending very near the tip of the costal ; praebrachial vein forming a very
obtuse angle at its flexure, hardly curved inward from thence to its tip ;

92 MUSCID.E.

discal transverse vein almost straight, parted by much less than its
length from the border, and by a little less from the flexure of the
prrebrachial.

Eare. In the late Mr. Stephens^ collection. (E.)

165. impavida, Mcq. A. S. E. F. vii. 395. 60 (1849). Nigra,
cano-tomentosa, capite a\l>o,faciaUbus ad quartam setosis, thorace nigro-
quadrivittato, scutello apice ferrugineo, alis sublimpidis, alulis albidis,
abdomine ovato subtessellato. Long. 3 ; alar. 6 lin.

Frontalia piceous ; bristles of the front descending to one-third of
the face ; face very slightly oblique ; facialia bristly for one-fourth of
the length; epistoma not prominent. Antenna? reaching the epistoma ;
third joint linear, rather broad, almost truncated at the tip, full four
times the length of the second ; sixth very minutely pubescent, stout for
two-thirds of the length, longer than the third. Costal vein ending at
very little in front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at
beyond one-third of the length; mediastinal vein ending at much
beyond half the length ; radial vein ending at beyond five-sixths of
the length ; cubital vein joining the costal very near its tip ; prabra-
chial vein forming a very obtuse and not sharply defined angle at its
flexure, very slightly curved inward near its tip ; discal transverse vein
with two very slight curves, parted from the border by a little less than
its length.

Eare. (E.)

166. carbonaria, Pz. ! Fn. liv. 15 ; Fal. Rhzm. 8. 9. Atra, ni-
tens, angusta, capite albo-tomentoso, alis cinereis antice nigricantibus,
venis cubitati et prabrachiali in discum connexis, alulis albis, abdomine
fusiformi. Long. 2 ; alar. 4 lin.

Frontalia narrow ; bristles of the front descending along one-third
of the face; face vertical; facialia without bristles; epistoma not
prominent. Antennae nearly reaching the epistoma; second joint
much longer than deep ; third linear, slightly truncated, much longer
than the second ; fourth almost obsolete ; fifth short ; sixth stout at
the base, plumose nearly to the tip, a little more than twice the length
of the third. Costal vein with a spine by the tip, ending far in front
of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending before one-third of the
length ; mediastinal vein ending at one-third of the length ; radial
vein ending at beyond five-sixths of the length ; cubital vein ending
at the tip of the costal ; prcebracTiial vein forming a very slightly obtuse
angle at the flexure, curved inward near this, and thence almost
straight, and joining the cubital at some distance from the tip of the
latter ; discal transverse vein almost straight, parted by nearly twice
its length from the flexure of the preebrachial and from the border.

Eare. In the late Mr. Stephens' s collection. (E.)

PKOSENA, 93

SUBFAMILY 3. DEXIDES.

Stomoxyda p., Meig. Dexiar'ue p., Mcq. ; Meig. Stomoxydea p., Westw.
Tachinaria p., Westw.

Arista pubescens, aut plumosa. Thorax brevis. Alula magna. Pedes

longi.
Arista pubescent, or plumose. Thorax short. Alula large. Legs

long.

The Decides might cease to be considered as a subfamily, for
part of the species therein seem to belong to the Tachinides, and
the rest to the Muscides.

a. Proboscis long, geniculate at the base. PROSENA.
a a. Proboscis short. DEXIA.

Genus I. PROSENA.

PROSENA, St. Farg. et Ser. Enc. Meth. (1830). Westw.; Mcq.;
Meig. Zw. vii. Stomoxys p., F. ; Gmel. ; Latr. ; Pz.

Corpus magnum, subcylindricum, pubescens, setosum, opacum. Oculi
mediocres, oblongi, in utroque sexu remoti. Proboscis longa, por-
recta, basi geniculata. Palpi parvi, breves, clavati, pilosuli.
Body large, nearly cylindrical, pubescent, bristly, dull. Eyes of
moderate size, oblong, remote in both sexes. Proboscis long, porrect,
geniculated at the base. Palpi small, short, clavate, somewhat pilose.

1. siberita, F. S. I. ii. 467. 3 (1781) ; Gmel. ; Fal. ; Latr. ; Meig.
— grisea, F. — longipes, Gmel. — irritans, Pz. ! Fn. v. 24. Nigra, ci-
nereo-tomentosa, capite testaceo albo-tomentoso, frontalibus luteis, an-
tennis pedibusque testaceis, alis subcinereis, tarsis nigris; Mas, ab-
dominis lateribus testaceis. Long. 4^ ; alar. 9 lin.

Black. Head testaceous, with shining white tomentum; frontalia
pale luteous, widening in front, with bristles along each side ; facialia
bristly along the whole length; epistoma slightly prominent. Pro-
boscis black, testaceous towards the base. Palpi testaceous. An-
tennae testaceous, not nearly reaching the epistoma ; third joint linear,
rounded at the tip, about thrice the length of the second ; sixth plu-
mose, with long hairs, very much longer than the third. Thorax with
four very slender interrupted black stripes. Wings pale grey ; veins
testaceous; costal vein ending at a little in front of the tip of the
wing, with a spine by the tip of the subcostal ; subcostal vein ending
at a little beyond one-third of the length; mediastinal vein ending
at rather beyond half the length ; radial vein ending at about four-fifths

94 MUSCID^E.

of the length ; cubital vein ending at near the tip of the costal ; prae-
brachial vein emitting a very short branch at its flexure, which forms a
right angle, from thence it is slightly curved inward to the- tip; discal
transverse vein with two extremely slight curves, parted by a little less
than its length from the flexure of the praebrachial, and by much less
from the border. Alulae whitish. Halteres testaceous. Abdomen
with a black triangular spot at the base. Legs testaceous; tarsi
black. Var. /3. Hind borders of the third and fourth abdominal seg-
ments black. Male. Front and frontalia narrow. Abdomen long-ob-
conical, testaceous on each side. Fern. Front and frontalia broad.
Abdomen oval.
Not rare. (E.)

Genus II. DEXIA.

DEXIA p., Meig. Zw. v. 3 (1826); Latr. ; Mcq.; Zett. Musca p.,
F. ; Gmel. ; Panz. ; Fal. Ocyptera p., F. Folucella, Schr. Dexia
et Dinera, Westw.

Corpus magnum aut mediocre, subcylindricum aut oblongum, pubescens,
setosum. Oculi oblongi, nudi, in mare approximati, in fcemina sat
remoti. Proboscis brevis. Palpi filiformes aut subclavati, setulosi.
Body large or of middle size, oblong or nearly cylindrical, pubescent,
bristly. Eyes oblong, bare, approximate in the male, rather remote in
the female. Proboscis short. Palpi filiform or subclavate, somewhat
bristly.
a. Praebrachial vein joining the cubital.

b. Abdomen compressed. — Ocyptera p., Fabr. — Sericocera p., Mcq. —

Wiedemannia, Meig. Zw. vii. Species 1.
b b. Abdomen not compressed — Dinera, EstJieria et Aria, Desv. —

Dinera, Mcq. Species 2.
a a. Praebrachial vein joining the costal.

b. Sixth joint of the antennae plumose, with short hairs. — Ocyptera
p., F. ; Musca p., Fab.; Zett. I. L. — PJiyllomyia} Desv. — Sericocera
p., Mcq. — Melania, p. Meig. Species 3.
b b. Sixth joint of the antennae plumose, with long hairs.

c. Palpi long. — Musca p., F. ; Panz. ; Fal. — Thelaira, Desv. —

Sericocera p., Mcq. Species 4.
c c. Palpi short. Species 5-8.

The first, third, and fourth of the following species appear to be
Tackinides, the rest and Prosena might be joined to the Muscides.

1. compressa,F.E.S.iv.327.64(1792); Meig.; Mcq.; Desv.;
Zett.— lurida, Schr.— rufa, ^.—lateralis, Panz.! Fn. vii. 22.—rufiven-

DEXIA. 95

iris, Fal. Nigra, frontalibus atris, palpis fulvis, thorace fusco-trivittato,
antennis basi abdominis lateribus femoribusque rufis, alia subcinereis.
Long. 4i; alar. 9 lin.

Black. Head with silvery tomentum ; frontalia deep black ; facialia
without bristles ; epistoma not prominent. Eyes bare. Palpi tawny.
Antenna reaching the epistoma; first and second joints red; third
joint red at the base, sublinear, slightly broader towards the tip, which
is rounded, about four times the length of the second ; sixth minutely
pubescent, stout towards the base, more than twice the length of the
third. Thorax with whitish tomentum, which is interrupted by two
dark brown stripes. Wings slightly grey; costal vein ending at a
short distance in front of the tip, with two spines by the tip of the sub-
costal vein ; subcostal vein ending at a little before one-third of the
length; mediastinal vein ending at much beyond one-third of the
length ; radial vein ending at about six-sevenths of the length ; cubital
vein ending near the tip of the costal ; prasbrachial vein emitting a
long branch from its flexure, which forms a very slightly obtuse angle ;
near this it is slightly curved inward, and thence is almost straight to
its tip ; discal transverse vein with two distinct curves, parted from the
border by much more than half its length, and by a little more than
half from the flexure of the praebrachial. Abdomen subcompressed,
elongate-fusiform, with silvery-white reflections along the middle and
on each side ; first, second, and third segments red on each side. Fe-
mora red.

Not common. (E.)

2. cristata? Meig. Zw. v. 41. 14 (1826); Mcq. ; Zett. Nigra,
cinereo-tomentosa, capite antice palpis antennis scutello abdomine pe-
dibusque testaceis, frontalibus rufis, thorace quadrivittato, scutello basi
abdominis vitta tarsisque nigris, alis subcinereis. Long. 4£j alar.
10 lin.

Fern. Black, with cinereous tomentum. Head with whitish tomen-
tum, testaceous in front. Frontalia red, widening much in front,
bordered on each side with a single row of bristles which extend to
the base of the antennae ; epistoma slightly prominent ; eyes bare ; pro-
boscis and palpi testaceous. Antennas testaceous, not near reaching
the epistoma; third joint little more than twice the length of the
second ; fourth and fifth short, distinct ; sixth stout and black towards
the base, twice the length of the third. Thorax with four slender
interrupted black stripes; scutellum testaceous except at the base.
Wings slightly grey ; costal vein ending at a little in front of the tip of
the wing ; subcostal vein ending at a little beyond one third of the
length ; mediastinal vein ending at a little beyond half the length ;
radial vein ending at about four-fifths of the length ; prasbrachial vein
emitting a short branch, and forming a right angle at the flexure, near
which it is slightly inclined inward, and is thence almost straight to its

90 MUSCID^E.

junction with the cubital; discal transverse vein with a deep hinder
inward curve, parted by much less than its length from the flexure of
the prsebrachial and from the border. Halteres, abdomen and legs
testaceous. Abdomen long-obconical, with an irregular black stripe.
Tarsi black.

Not rare. (E.) Meigen and Zetterstedt describe D. cristata
as having brown antennse, the abdomen with brown spots, not
testaceous, and the femora black.

3. volvulus, F. E. S. iv. 328. 67 (1792); Pal.; Meig.; Mcq.;
Zett. — cylindrica, Fal. Nigra, albo-tomentosa, capite antice argenteo,
frontalibus atris, palpis fulvis, alis subcinereis basi albidis. Long. 4 ;
alar. 7 lin.

Black, with white tomentum on the thorax and on the fore-borders
of the abdominal segments. Head silvery in front, clothed beneath
with white hairs. Frontalia deep black, widening in front; facialia
without bristles ; epistoma not prominent. Eyes bare. Palpi tawny.
Antennae almost reaching the epistoma ; third joint slightly rounded at
the tip, more than four times the length of the second ; sixth plumose
with short hairs, stout at the base, about twice the length of the third.
Wings greyish, whitish at the base ; costal vein ending at hardly in
front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending much before one-
third of the length of the wing ; mediastinal vein ending much before
half the length ; radial vein ending before seven-tenths of the length ;
cubital vein ending at a little in front of the tip; praebrachial
vein forming a very obtuse angle at its flexure, beyond this it is indis-
tinctly curved inward ; discal transverse vein very slightly undulating,
parted from the border by much more than half its length, and by a
little less than its length from the flexure of the praebrachial. Alula?
whitish. Abdomen fusiform.

Not rare. (E.')

4. nigripes,F.E.S.iv.319. 30(1792); Panz.! Fn. civ. 18.; Meig.;
Mcq. — lateralis, Fal. (mas). — leucozona, Panz. Fn. civ. 19; Meig.;
Mcq. ; Zett. — nigrina, Fal. (fcem.) Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite ar-
genteo, frontalibus atris, palpis fulvis, thorace quadrivittato, alis cine-
reis ; Mas, lateralibus scutellique apice ferrugineis, abdomine obconico
lateribus testaceis ; Fcem. abdomine subfusiformi albo-quadrimaculato.
Long. 4-5^; alar. 8-12 lin.

Black, with hoary tomentum. Head with silvery tomentum. Fron-
talia deep black ; facialia bristly for about one-fourth of the length ;
epistoma hardly prominent. Eyes bare. Palpi tawny. Antennae
nearly reaching the epistoma. Thorax with four very slender stripes.
Wings grey ; costal vein ending at very little in front of the tip of the
wing ; subcostal vein ending at a little beyond one-third of the length ;
mediastinal vein ending a little beyond half the length ; radial vein
ending at a little beyond five-sixths of the length ; cubital vein joining

DEXIA. 9?

the costal very near its tip ; preebrachial vein forming an obtuse and
not sharply defined angle at its flexure, very slightly inclined inward
from thence to its tip ; discal transverse vein with two distinct curves,
parted from the border by less than its own length. Alulre whitish.
Male. Lateralia ferruginous ; third joint of the antenna full twice the
length of the second ; sixth more than twice the length of the third ;
scutellum ferruginous towards the tip. Abdomen obconical, with
hoary reflections ; first, second, and third segments testaceous on each
side. Fern. Smaller than the male. Third joint of the antennas full
thrice the length of the second ; sixth nearly twice the length of the
third. Abdomen subfusiform ; foreborders of the second and third seg-
ments with a large white tomentose spot on each side.
Not rare. (E.)

5. rustica, F. S. I. ii. 440. 26 (1781); Gmel.; Meig. ; Mcq. ;
Zett. Nigra, ciuereo-tomentosa, capite albido, frontalibus atris, latera-
libus rufis, palpis pedibusque fulvis, antennis abdomineque testaceis,
thorace fusco-quadrivittato, alis subcinereis, venis subnebulosis, vena
prabrachiali ramulum perbrevem adflexuram emittente apicem versus vix
arcuata, abdominis vitta tarsisque nigris. Long. 6 ; alar. 12 lin.

Fern. Black, with cinereous tomentum. Head with whitish tomen-
tum. Frontalia deep black, slightly widening in front ; epistoma not
prominent ; lateralia red ; proboscis and palpi tawny. Antennae testa-
ceous, not near reaching the epistoma ; third joint little more than
twice the length of the second ; sixth stout at the base, nearly twice
the length of the third. Thorax with four brown stripes, the side pair
much interrupted. Wings slightly grey ; veins indistinctly clouded ;
costal vein ending at a little in front of the tip of the wing, with a
spine at the tip of the subcostal ; subcostal vein ending at beyond one-
third of the length; mediastinal ending at beyond one-half of the
length ; radial vein ending at about four-fifths of the length ; cubital
vein joining the costal near its tip ; prcebrachial vein emitting an ex-
tremely short branch, and forming a right angle at its flexure, very
slightly inclined inward from thence to its tip ; discal transverse vein
with a distinct inward hinder curve, parted by little less than its length
from the flexure of the prasbrachial, and by much less from the border.
Alulae whitish. Abdomen testaceous, long-obconical, with a black
dorsal stripe. Legs tawny ; tarsi black.

Not rare. (E.)

6. vacua, Fal. Act. Holm. (1816); Meig.; Mcq.; Zett. Nigra,
cinereo-tomentosa, capite albido, froutalibus atris, lateralibus fulvis,
palpis antennis abdomine pedibusque testaceis, thorace quadrivittato,
alis cinereis basi albidis, vena preebrachiali ramulum brevem adflexuram
emittente apicem versus valde arcuata, abdominis vitta fasciis duabus
tarsisque nigris. Long. 3f ; alar. 8 lin.

Black, with cinereous tomentum. Head with whitish tomentum;

VOL. II. O

98 MUSCID.E.

frontalia narrow, deep black, widening in front ; epistoma slightly pro-
minent ; lateralia tawny ; proboscis and palpi testaceous. Antenna?
testaceous, not reaching the epistoma; third joint about thrice the
length of the second; sixth stout at the base, less than twice the
length of the third. Thorax with four very slender black stripes.
Wings grey, whitish at the base; costal vein ending at some little
distance in front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at a
little beyond one-third of the length; mediastinal vein ending at a
little beyond half the length ; radial vein ending at about four-fifths of
the length ; cubital vein joining the costal very near its tip ; prahra-
cJiial vein emitting a short branch, and forming a right angle at itsflexure,
near which it is muck curved inward; discal transverse vein with two
slight curves, parted by less than its length from the flexure of the
prsebrachial, and by much less from the border. Abdomen long-ob-
conical, testaceous ; dorsal stripe and hind borders of the third and
fourth segments black. Legs testaceous ; tarsi black.
Not rare. (E.)

7. fingens, n. Nigra, albo-tomentosa, capite antice fulvo, fronta-
libus piceis, palpis abdomineque testaceis, antennis luteis, thorace qua-
drivfttato, alis subcinereis, vena prabrachiali ramulum brevem adflexuram
emittente apicem versus fere recta, pedibus fulvis, tarsis nigris. Long.
4; alar. 9 lin.

Black, with white tomentum. Head tawny in front ; frontalia
piceous ; palpi testaceous. Antennae luteous ; third joint twice the
length of the second ; sixth black. Thorax with four slender inter-
rupted black stripes. Wings slightly grey ; veins indistinctly clouded ;
costal vein ending at some little distance in front of the tip of the wing ;
subcostal vein ending at beyond one-third of the length ; mediastinal
vein ending at beyond half the length ; radial vein ending at four-fifths
of the length ; cubital vein joining the costal near its tip ; prcebrachial
vein forming a right angle and emitting a short branch at its flexure,
nearly straight from thence to the tip ; discal transverse vein with two
very slight curves, parted by much less than its length from the flexure
of the praBbrachial, and by still less from the border. Abdomen long-
obconical, testaceous. Legs tawny ; tarsi black.
Bare. (E.)

8. canina, F. S. I. ii. 440. 24 (1781); Gmel. ; Pal.; Meig. ;
Mcq. ; Zett. Nigra, fulvescente-tomentosa, capite albido-flavo, fronta-
libus ferrugineis, palpis flavis, antennis fulvis, thorace nigro-quadrivit-
tato, alis subcinereis, vena prabrachialis Jiexura ramulum longum emit-
tente, abdomine vitta obscuriore, segmentorum marginibus posticis
nigris, pedibus testaceis, tarsis nigris. Long. 5^; alar. 12 lin.

Black, with testaceous-tawny tomentum. Head with shining whitish-
yellow tomentum beneath ; frontalia ferruginous, narrow, slightly widen-
ing in front ; epistoma slightly prominent ; proboscis and palpi yellow.

SARCOPHAGIDES. 99

Antennae tawny, not reaching the epistoma ; third joint more than twice
the length of the second ; sixth hardly longer than the third. Thorax
with four black stripes, the outer pair much interrupted and much
broader than the inner pair. Wings slightly grey ; costal vein ending
at very little in front of the tip of the wing, with a spine by the end of
the subcostal ; subcostal vein ending at one-third of the length ; medi-
astinal vein ending at beyond half the length ; radial vein ending at
about four-fifths of the length ; cubital vein ending at near the tip of
the costal ; prcebrachial vein emitting a long branch and forming a right
angle at its flexure, near which it is much curved inward, and is thence
almost straight to its tip ; discal transverse vein with two very slight
curves, parted from the flexure of the prasbrachial and from the border
by much more than half its length. Alulae whitish. Abdomen long-
obconical, with an indistinct darker dorsal stripe ; hind borders of the
segments black. Legs testaceous ; tarsi black.
Common. (E.)

The following additional species of Dexia have been recorded
as British : —

1. Dexia anthracina, Meig.
melanoptera, Fal.

nana, Meig.
maura, F.
caminaria, Meig.
melania, Meig.
picta, TTeid.
carnifrons, Fal.
grisescens, Fal.

SUBFAMILY 4. SARCOPHAGIDES.

SarcopMga et Trixa, Meig. Sarcophagi^ et Trixa, Mcq. ; Westw.
Sarcophagari(S p. et Trixa, Zett.

Capui non vesiculosum. Antennae breves aut mediocres ; arista pubes-
cens aut plumosa. Thorax longus. Alula magna.
Head not vesiculose. Antennas short, or of moderate length ; third

joint generally soft ; sixth pubescent or plumose, bare towards the tip.

Thorax long. Alula large.

Most of the Sarcopkagides, like some of the Muscides, are dis-
tinguished by the softness of the third joint of the antennae. They
are generally viviparous, and are quickly attracted by decaying
matter, on which the larva? feed.
a. Antennae very short. 1. TRIXA.
a a. Antennae of moderate length. 2. SARCOPHAGA.

100 MUSCIDJ5.

Genus I. TRIXA.

TRIXA, Meig. Zw. 222 (1824) ; Mcq. ; Zett. ; Westw. Crameria, Desv.

Corpus pubescens, setosum. Frontalia striata. Epistoma non promi-
nens. Palpi subclavati. Antennae brevissimee; articulus tertius sub-
ovatus, secundo plus duplo longior j sextus subpubescens. Abdo-
men subovatum.

Body bristly. Frontalia striated, slightly widening in front, with a
double" row of bristles on each side ; face with very shallow furrows ;
facialia bristly along full half the length ; epistoma not prominent ; eyes
bare ; palpi subclavate. Antennae not near reaching the epistoma ; third
joint subovate, more than twice the length of the second ; fourth and
fifth very short ; sixth very minutely pubescent, more than twice the
length of the third. Abdomen subovate.
a. Femora black. Species 1, 2.
a a. Femora tawny. Species 3.

1. variegata, Meig. Zw. iv. 225. 6 (1824) ; Mcq. Nigra, albo-
tomentosa, frontalibus ferrugineis, facialibus rufis, palpis fulvis, anten-
nis obscure rufis, thorace sexvittato, alis subcinereis, abdomine nigro
tessellato, tibiis tarsisque ferrugineis. Long. 5 ; alar. 11 lin.

Black, with white shining tomentum. Frontalia dark ferruginous ;
facialia red ; palpi tawny. Antennae red ; sixth joint black. Thorax
with six black stripes. Wings slightly grey ; veins black, partly tawny
at the base ; transverse veins clouded with brown ; costal vein ending
at a little in front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at one-
third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at half the length ; radial
vein ending at about four-fifths of the length ; cubital vein ending very-
near the tip of the costal ; praebrachial vein emitting a short branch,
and forming a hardly obtuse angle at its flexure, near which it is slightly
curved inward, and thence is almost straight to its tip ; discal transverse
vein with two curves, the hind one much deeper than the other, parted
from the flexure of the prasbrachial by a little more than half its length,
and by much more from the border. Alulae white. Halteres tawny.
Abdomen black, tessellated. Legs ferruginous ; femora black.

ISTot common. (E.)

2. dorsalis, Meig. Zw. iv. 225. 5 (1824); Mcq. Nigra, albo-
tomentosa, frontalibus tibiis tarsisque ferrugineis, facialibus antennisque
rufis, thorace sexvittato, alis subcinereis, abdominis apice lateribusque
fulvis. Long. 5 ; alar. 1 1 lin.

Black, with white shining tomentum. Frontalia ferruginous ; facialia
red ; palpi tawny. Antennae red ; sixth joint black ; thorax with six
black stripes. Wings slightly grey ; veins black, partly tawny at the
base ; transverse veins clouded with brown ; costal vein ending at a

SARCOPHAGA. 101

little iu front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at one-third
of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at half the length ; radial vein
ending at about four-fifths of the length ; cubital vein ending very near
the tip of the costal ; praebrachial vein emitting a short branch, form-
ing a hardly obtuse angle at its flexure, near which it is slightly curved
inward, and is thence almost straight to its tip ; discal transverse vein
with two curves, the hind one much deeper than the other, parted from
the flexure of the praebrachial by a little more than half its length, and
by much more from the border. Alulae white. Halteres tawny. Ab-
domen iawny beneath at the tip, and on each side of the middle above.
Not common. (E.)

3. scutellata, Newm. E. M. I. 507 (1833).— obscura, Zett. Ni-
gra, cinereo-tomentosa, frontalibus piceis, facie antennisque testaceis,
palpis pedidusquefulvis, thorace quadrivittato, alls subcinereis basi sub-
jftavis. Long. 6 ; alar. 1 2 lin.

Black, with cinereous tomentum. Frontalia piceous ; face testaceous ;
proboscis and palpi tawny. Antennae testaceous ; sixth joint black.
Thorax with four black stripes. Wings slightly grey, with a yellow
tinge towards tJte base-, costal vein ending at a little in front of the
tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at much beyond one-third of
the length ; mediastinal vein ending at much beyond half the length ;
radial vein ending at five-sixths of the length ; cubital vein joining the
costal near its tip ; praebrachial vein emitting a short branch, and form-
ing an obtuse angle at its flexure, almost straight from thence to its
tip ; discal transverse vein with two distinct curves, parted by more
than half its length from the flexure of the praebrachial and from the
border. Alulae yellowish-white. Abdomen with black bands on the
hind borders of the segments. Legs tawny.

Rare. (E.)

Genus II. SARCOPHAGA.

SARCOPHAGA, Meig. Zw. v. 14 (1826); Westw. ; Zett. Musca p.,
L. ; D. G. ; F. ; Scop. Cynomyia, Gmel. ; Schr. ; Latr. ; Fal. Sar-
cophaga et Agria, Mcq. Myophora, etc., I)esv.

Corpus elongatum, pubescens, setosurn. Frontalia substriata. Facialia
non setosa. Epistoma vix prominens. Oculi in utroque sexu remoti,
nudi. Antennae mediocres. Abdomen maris subfusiforme apice
tumidum, foemiuae subovatum.

Body elongate. Frontalia minutely striated, with a row of bristles
along each side ; facialia without bristles ; epistoma very slightly promi-
nent ; facialia of the peristoma bristly ; eyes bare. Antennae not reach-
ing the epistoma ; third joint sublincar, rounded at the tip, very much

102

longer than the second; sixth near twice the length of the third, more
or less plumose for a little more than half the length. Thorax long.
Costal vein ending at a little in front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal
vein ending at hardly beyond one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein
ending at much beyond half the length ; radial vein ending at beyond
five-sixths of the length ; cubital vein ending very near the tip of the
costal. Male. Abdomen subfusiform, tumid at the tip. Fern. Abdo-
men subovate.

a. Palpi black. Abdomen black, tessellated.
b. Tip of the abdomen black.

c. Tibiae of the male ciliated on the inner side. Species 1-4.
c c. Tibiae bare in both sexes. Species 5.
b b. Tip of the abdomen red.

c. Tibia? of the male ciliated on the inner side. Species 6, 7.
c c. Tibiae bare in both sexes. Species 8.
a a. Palpi pale. Abdomen bright-blue or green. Species 9, 10.

1. carnaria, L. Fn. 1 832 (1761) ; F. ; Schr.; Gmel. ; Fal.; Latr. ;
Meig. ; Mcq. ; Desv. ; Zett. — variegata, Scop. ; Reaum. ; D. G. Nigra,
capite aureo-tomentoso, frontalibus atris, thorace albo-sexvittato, alis
subcinereis, abdomine maculis albis guadrimitato. Long. 5-6 ; alar.
11-13 lin.

Black. Head with pale gilded tomentum ; frontalia deep black. Sixth
joint of the antennae deeply plumose. Thorax with six stripes of white
tomentum, the two outer pairs irregular, the inner pair subdivided.
Wings slightly grey ; praebrachial vein forming a slightly obtuse angle
at its flexure, near which it is curved inward, and thence is almost
straight to its tip; discal transverse vein with two indistinct curves,
parted from the border by less than its length, and by less than half
its length from the flexure of the praebrachial. Alulae white. Halteres
ferruginous. Abdomen with four rows of white tomentose spots, which
are most distinct in the male. Hind tibiae of the male deeply ciliated.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

2. striata, F, E. S. iv. 315. 13 (1792); Meig.; Mcq.; Zett.—
carnaria var., Fal. Nigra, capite supra subaureo antice albo-tomentoso,
frontalibus atris, thorace albido-sexvittato, alis subcinereis, abdomine
maculis albidis quadrivittato. Long. 4-4^ ; alar. 8-9 lin.

Black, with whitish tomentum. Tomentum of the head slightly gilded
above, shining white in front ; frontalia deep black. Sixth joint of the
antennae deeply plumose. TJwrax with six stripes of whitish tomentumy
the two outer pairs irregular, the inner pair subdivided. Wings slightly
grey; praebrachial vein forming a right angle at the flexure, much
curved inward near this, and thence almost straight to the tip; discal
transverse vein with two distinct curves, parted by much less than its
length from the border, and by less than half its length from the flexure

SARCOPHAGA. 103

of the praebrachial. Alulae white. Abdomen tessellated with four rows
of whitish spots. Hind tibia of the male rather deeply ciliated.
Common. (E.)

3. albiceps, Meig. Zw. v. 22. 8 (1826); Mcq.; Zett. Nigra,
capite albo-tomentoso, frontalibus piceis, thorace albido-sexvittato, alis
sublimpidis, abdomine maculis albidis plerumque confluentibus sexvittato.
Long. 2^-3 ; alar. 6-7 lin.

Fern. Black, with whitish tomentum. Head with shining white to-
mentum in front ; frontalia piceous. Sixth joint of the antennas deeply
plumose. Thorax with six whitish stripes, the two outer pairs connected
in front, the inner pair intersected. Wings nearly limpid ; praebrachial
vein forming a hardly acute angle at the flexure, much curved inward
near this, and thence almost straight to the tip ; discal transverse vein
with two very indistinct curves, parted by a little less than its length
from the border, and by more than half its length from the flexure of
the praebrachial. Alulae white. Abdomen tessellated, spots mostly con-

Rare. In Mr. Saunders's collection. (E.)

4. melanura, Meig. Zw. v. 23. 11 (1826); Mcq.; Zett. D. S.—
albiceps, Zett. I. L. Nigra, capite antice Jlamdo-albo, frontalibus atris,
thorace albido-sexvittato, alis subcinereis, abdomine maculis albidis qua-
drivittato. Long. 3-4 ; alar. 6-8 lin.

Black, with cinereous-white tomentum. Head yellowish-white in
front ; frontalia deep black. Sixth joint of the antennae rather deeply
plumose. Thorax with six whitish stripes, less regular than those of
S. albiceps, the two outer pair connected in front, the inner pair indis-
tinctly intersected. Wings slightly grey ; praebrachial vein forming a
right angle at the flexure, curved inward near this, and thence almost
straight to the tip ; discal transverse vein with two distinct curves,
parted by much less than its length from the border, and by more than
half its length from the flexure of the praebrachial. Alulae white.
Abdomen tessellated with four rows of whitish spots.

Common. (E.)

5. lineata, Fal. Muse. 40. 5 (1810) ; Zett. Nigra, capite albido-
cinereo, frontalibus atris, thorace albido-cinereo sexvittato, alis cinereis,
abdomine maculis albido-cinereis subconfluentibus quadrivittato. Long.
2-3 ; alar. 4-6 lin.

Black, with whitish-cinereous tomentum. Frontalia deep black. Sixth
joint of the antennae thinly and not deeply plumose. Thorax with six
stripes, less distinct and regular than those of most other species, the
two outer pairs connected in front. Wings grey; prabrachial vein
forming a slightly obtuse angle at the flexure, very slightly curved in-
ward near this, and thence almost straight to the tip ; discal transverse
vein with two very indistinct curves, parted from the border by much
more than its length, and by much more than half its length from the

104 MUSCID.E.

flexure of the praebrachial. Alulae white. Abdomen tessellated with
four rows of partly confluent spots. In a fly of this species the cubital
and praebrachial veins in one wing are connected near their tips by a
transverse vein.
Common. (E.)

6. hsemorrhoidalis, Fal. Muse. 39. 2 (1810); Meig.; Mcq. ;
Zett. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite argentato, thorace nigro-quadrir
vittato, alis subhyalinis, vena prabrachiali inter jlexuram et apicem valde
arcuata, abdomine quadrifariam nigro-tessellato. Long. 4-5 ; alar.
8-10 lin.

Black, with whitish tomentum. Head silvery-white in front ; fron-
talia deep black. Sixth joint of the antennas deeply plumose. Thorax
with six regular stripes, the two outer pairs connected in front, the
inner pair intersected. Wings almost limpid ; prcebrachial vein form-
ing a right angle at its flexure, near which it is much curved inward, and
thence is almost straight to its tip ; discal transverse vein nearly straight,
parted by less than its length from the border, and by a little more
than half its length from the flexure of the pra3brachial. Alulae white.
Abdomen distinctly tessellated with four rows of spots.

Not common. (E.)

7. cruentata, Meig. Zw. v. 28. 23 (1826) ; Mcq.; Zett. D. S.—
rujicauda, Zett. I. L. Nigra, capite antice albo, frontalibus atris, tho-
race cano-sex vittato, alis sublimpidis, vena prcebracliiali inter jlexuram
et apicem subarcuata, abdomine quadrifariam nigro-tessellato. Long.
3£ ; alar. 7 lin.

Black, with hoary tomentum. Head white in front ; frontalia deep
black. Sixth joint of the antennae rather deeply plumose. Thorax with
six stripes, the two outer pairs connected in front, the inner pair indis-
tinctly intersected. Prcebrachial vein forming a hardly obtuse angle at
the flexure, slightly curved inward near this, and thence straight to tJie
tip ; discal transverse vein with two slight curves, parted by little less
than its length from the border, and by more than half its length from
the flexure of the praebrachial. Alulae white. Abdomen tessellated
with four rows of spots.

Not common. (E.)

8. hsemorrhoa, Meig. Zw. v. 29. 24 (1826) ; Mcq. ; Zett. Ob-
scure fusco-nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite antice albido, frontalibus
atris, thorace sexvittato, alis subcinereis, abdomine maculis nigris
qnadrivittato. Long. 3 ; alar. 6 lin.

Brownish-black, with cinereous tomentum. Head whitish in front ;
frontalia deep black. Sixth joint of the antennae thinly and rather
deeply plumose. Thorax with six stripes, the two outer pairs con-
nected together in front. Wings slightly grey ; praebrachial vein
forming an obtuse angle at the flexure, very slightly curved inward near
this, and thence almost straight to the tip ; discal transverse vein with

SARCOPHAGA. 105

a distinct inward hinder curve, parted by a little more than half its length
from the border, and by much less than half its length from the flexure
of the praebrachial. Alula3 whitish. Abdomen tessellated with four
rows of rather indistinct spots.
Not common. (E.)

9. mortuorum, L. En. 1830 (1761); F.; Gmel. ; Fal.; Latr. ;
Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett. — chrysocephala, D. G. Nigro-cyanea, capite luteo
aureo-tomentoso, palpis fulvis, antennis rufis, thorace nigro-trivittato,
abdomine purpureo-cyaneo. Long. 6; alar. 13 lin.

Bluish-black, with hoary tomentum. Head luteous, with gilded to-
mentum ; vertex and hind part black, with white tomentum ; proboscis
black; palpi subclavate, tawny. Antenna red; third joint black above
towards the tip, full thrice the length of the second ; sixth black, near
twice the length of the third. Thorax with three broad black stripes. Wings
slightly grey; praebrachial vein forming a right angle at its flexure,
near which it is curved inward, and thence continuous straight to its
tip ; discal transverse vein with two very distinct curves, parted -from
the border by less than half its length, and by much less from the
flexure of the prsebrachial. Alulae white. Abdomen elongate-oval,
purplish-blue, thickly covered with black down. Legs black.

Not common. (E. S.)

10. alpina, Zett. D. Sc. iv. 1304. 26 (1845). Nigra, capite luteo
antice aurato, palpis fulvis, antennis luteis, thorace cano-quadrivittato,
alis subcinereis, abdomine cyaneo-viridi. Long. 4 ; alar. 9 lin.

Black. Head luteous, gilded in front ; epistoma prominent ; proboscis
black ; vertex black ; palpi tawny. Antennce luteous, reaching the
epistoma ; third joint black for three-fourths of the length above and
at the tip, full thrice the length of ttie second ; fourth and fifth black,
distinct; sixth testaceous, black towards the base, plumose to two-
thirds of the length. Thorax with four hoary stripes. Wings slightly
grey ; subcostal vein ending at a little beyond one-third of the length
of the wing • mediastinal vein ending at a little beyond half the length ;
radial vein ending at hardly beyond five-sixths of the length ; prasbra-
chial vein forming a right angle at the flexure, slightly curved inward
near this, and straight from thence to the tip ; discal transverse vein
with two distinct curves, parted by more than half its length from the
border and from the flexure of the praebrachial. Alulae greyish. Abdo-

Eare. (E.;

The following additional species of Sarcophaga have been re-
corded as British : —

1. S. pumila, Meig.

2. S. sinuata, Meig.

3. S. vagans, Meig.

106 MUSCID^E.

SUBFAMILY 5. MUSCIDES.

Musciae, Mcq. ; Westw. Muscarice, Zett. Muscida p., Bigot. Sfo-
moxydea p., Westw.

Corpus breve, latum, crassum. Caput non vesiculosum. Arista plumosa.

Thorax brevis. Alula magna. Pedes longitudine mediocres.

Body short, broad, thick. Head not vesiculose. Arista plumose.
Thorax short. Alula large. Legs of moderate length.

The Muscides feed, in the larva state, on decaying matter;
many of them are viviparous, and several species are excessively
abundant.

a. Proboscis thick, soft, obtuse, retractile. 1. Muse A.
a a. Proboscis slender, porrect, smooth, shining, acuminated. 2. STO-

MOXYS.

Genus I. MUSCA.

Musca, Meig., et Mesembrina, Meig. Zw. iv. Musca, etc., Desv. ; Mcq. ;
Westw. ; Meig. Zw. vii. ; Zett. Sarcophaga p., Zett.

Corpus pubescens, setosum, latum, robustum. Color varius. Frontalia

lata. Antennas decumbentes ; articulus tertius linearis, apice rotun-

datus, secundo duplo triple aut quadruple longiore ; sextus plumosus.

Abdomen subovatum, thorace paullo latius non longius.

Frontalia broad, thickly striated, with a row of bristles on each side ;

foveae of the face very shallow ; facialia bristly along more than half

the length; facialia of the peristoma bristly; lateralia large. Third

joint of the antennas linear, rounde<J at the tip, from twice to four times

the length of the second ; sixth stout at the base, plumose nearly to

the tip. Costal vein ending at a little in front of the tip of the wing.

Abdomen subovate, a little broader but not longer than the thorax.

a. Prsebrachial vein forming a right or hardly acute angle. — Calliphora,

Desv., etc. Species 1, 2.
a a. Prasbrachial vein forming a slightly obtuse angle.

b. Colour bright metallic. — Lucilia, Desv., etc. Species 3-5.
b b. Colour blackish-blue. — Lucilia, Mcq. Species 6.
b b b. Thorax black. Abdomen green or blue. — Melinda, Desv. —
Calliphora p., Mcq. — Dasyphora, Desv. — Sarcophaga p., Zett.
Species 7, 8.
b b b b. Colour not metallic.

c. Abdomen not pale on each side.

d. Abdomen not tessellated. — Nitellia, Desv. Species 9.
d d. Abdomen tessellated.

e. Abdomen not pale beneath. — Polknia, Desv. Species 10.
e e. Abdomen pale beneath. — Musca, Meig., etc. Species 11.

MUSCA. 107

c c. Abdomen pale on each side.

d. Wings of moderate length. — Musca, Meig., etc. Species 12.
d d. Wings long. — Plaxemyia, Desv. Species 13.
« a a. Prsebrachial vein forming a curve.

b. Colour bright metallic. — Pyrellia, Desv. Species 14-16.

b b. Colour bluish-black. — Morellia, Desv. — Curtonevra p., Mcq. —

Oyrtoneura p., Zett. Species 17.
b b b. Colour not metallic.
c. Abdomen tessellated. — Cyrtoneura p., Zett.

d. Tibiaa ferruginous. — Anthomyia p., Wied. — Muscina, Desv. —

Curtonevra p., Mcq. Species 18.
d d. Tibiae black.-— Grapkomyia, Desv. — Curtonevra p., Mcq. —

Cyrtoneura p., Zett. Species 19.
c c. Abdomen spotted, not tessellated. — Curtonevra p., Mcq. —

Cyrtoneura p., Zett Species 20.
c c c. Abdomen without marks. — Mesembrina, Meig. Species 21.

1. erythrocephala, Meig. Zw. v. 62. 2 (1826), vii. 300. 2 ; Zett
— vomitoria, Fal. (var.) ; Mcq. Nigro-cyanea, albido-tomentosa, capite
mbtus rufo nigro-hirto, antennis rufo variis, thorace nigro-quadrivittato,
alis cinereis, abdomine purpureo-cyaneo. Long. 8-5 ; alar. 8-12 lin.

BLUE-BOTTLE FLY. — Bluish-black, covered with whitish tomentum.
Head with black hairs beneath ; frontalia dull black. Interantennaria,
face., epistoma, mediana, and lateralia red; disc of the face black; palpi
reddish-tawny. Antennae red at the tip of the second joint and about
the base of the third ; sixth joint less -than twice the length of the third.
Thorax with four black stripes, the inner pair double. Wings grey,
slightly tinged with brown about the veins near the base ; discal trans-
verse vein with two distinct curves, parted from the border and from
the flexure of the prasbrachial by hardly one-third of its length. AlulaB
dark grey. Halteres luteous. Abdomen blue, rarely purplish, with
shining white tomentum forming large spots on each side. Legs black.

Common. (E. S. L)

2. vomitoria, L. Fn. 1831 (1761) ; Schr. ; Pz. ! Fn. x. 19 ; Fal. ;
Meig. — carnivora) F. — mortuorum, F. — fulvibardis, Mcq. Nigro-
cyanea, albido-tomentosa, capite subtus rufo fulvo-hirto, facialibus et
epistomate rufis, antennis rufo variis, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alis
cinereis, abdomine purpureo-cyaneo. Long. 5 ; alar. 12 lin.

BLUE-BOTTLE FLY. — Bluish-black, with whitish tomentum. Head
clotted beneath with reddish-tawny hairs; facialia and epistoma red.
Antennae black ; second joint at the tip and third joint towards the
base beneath red. Thorax with four black stripes, the inner pair
double. Wings grey, slightly tinged with brown near the base. Alulae
dark grey. Halteres luteous. Abdomen purplish-blue, with shining
white tomentum on each side. Legs black.

Common. (E. S. I.)

108 MUSCJD^.

3. Caesar, L.Fn. 1828(1761); F. ; Schr.; Gmel.; Fal.; Latr. ;
Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett. Aureo-viridis aut viridi-cyanea, capite argenteo,
frontalibus atris, palpi* fulvu, alls subhyalinis, pedibus nigris. Long.
2i-4i; alar. 6-10.

GREEN-BOTTLE FLY. — Bright bluish-green or golden-green, here
and there purplish, partly tinged with white tomentum. Head with
silvery-white tomentum ; frontalia black ; facialia reddish, bristly for
one-third of the length ; epistoma testaceous, slightly prominent ; palpi
tawny. Antennae black. Wings subhyaline. Alula3 white. Halteres
luteous. Legs black ; femora bluish.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

4. cornicina, F. S. I. ii. 438. 11 (1781); Gmel. ; Fal.; Meig.;
Mcq. ; Zett. Aureo-viridis aut cyaneo-viridis, capite argenteo, palpis
nigris, alis sublimpidis, venae prcebrachialis flemra angulum valde rotun-
datum subobtusumfingente, pedibus nigris. Long. 3-4 ; alar. 7-9 lin.

GREEN-BOTTLE FLY. — Green, or bluish-green, or golden-green.
Head with silvery tomentum in front ; frontalia deep black ; facialia
bristly to full one-half of the length ; palpi and antennae black. Wings
nearly limpid ; prcebracMal vein forming a much roftnded and slightly
obtuse angle at tlie flexure, slightly curved inward near this, and straight
from thence to the tip. Alula3 white. Halteres tawny. Legs black ;
femora greenish.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

5. iUustris, Meig. Zw. v. 54. 7 (1826); Mcq.; Zett. Cyaneo-
viridis aut aureo-viridis, capite argenteo, palpis antennis pedibusque
nigris, alis subhyalinis, vence pr&brachialis flexura angulum obtusum et
optime determinatumflngente. Long. 3-4 ; alar. 7-9 lin.

Thorax bluish-green, with two purple stripes. Head with silvery
tomentum ; frontalia black ; facialia bristly for less than half the length.
Antenna3 black. Wings nearly limpid ; prabrachial vein forming an
obtuse and sharply defined angle at the flexure, straight from thence to the
tip ; discal transverse vein with two very slight curves, parted by half
its length from the border, and by more than half from the flexure of
the pra3brachial. Alula3 white. Abdomen golden-green. Legs black.
Var. /3. Discal transverse vein parted by more than half its length from
the border. Var. y. Thorax golden-green. Var. 8. Discal transverse
vein parted by less than half its length from the flexure of the prsebra-
chial. Var. e. Abdomen greenish-blue, purple on each side. Var. £.
Abdomen golden, partly cupreous.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

6. equestris, Meig. Zw. v. 57. 13 (1826); Mcq. Nigro-cyanea,
capite albido-tomentoso, palpis fulvis, antennis nigris articulo secundo
ferrugiueo, alis subcinereis, pedibus nigris. Long. 4-4| ; alar. 8-9 lin.

Dark blue. Head black, with whitish tomentum ; facialia bristly
along more than half the length ; epistoma slightly prominent ; eyes

MUSCA. 109

bare ; palpi tawny. Antennae black, not reaching the epistoma ; second
joint ferruginous at the tip ; third thrice the length of the second ; sixth
deeply plumose for more than half the length. Scutellum and base of
abdomen generally purple. Wings slightly grey ; subcostal vein end-
ing at much beyond one-third of the length ; mediastinal vein ending
at much beyond half the length ; radial vein ending at a little beyond
five-sixths of the length ; prffibrachial vein with a very short branch,
and forming an obtuse angle at its flexure, very slightly curved from
thence to its tip ; discal transverse vein with the fore curve much
deeper than the hind one, parted from the flexure of the praBbrachial
and from the border by a little less than half its length. Aluke dark
grey. Halteres tawny. Legs black.
Not rare. (E.)

7. vespillo, F. E. S. iv. 318. 26 (1792); Fal.; Zett.—sepulcralis,
Meig. Nigra, capite argenteo-albo, facialibus palpisquQ fulvis, thorace
cano-quadrivittato, alis cinereis, abdomine viridi. Long. 3-3^; alar.
6-7 lin.

Black, with hoary tomentum. Head with silvery-white tomentum ;
facialia tawny, bristly along half the length; mediana and epistoma
red, the latter not prominent; eyes bare; palpi tawny. Antenna
not near reaching the epistoma ; third joint hardly twice the length of
the second ; sixth plumose for more than half the length. Thorax with
four hoary stripes. Wings grey ; subcostal vein ending very little be-
yond one-third of the length of the wing ; mediastinal vein ending at
one-half of the length ; radial vein ending at five-sixths of the length ;
preebrachial vein forming a very obtuse angle at its flexure, almost
straight from thence to its tip ; discal transverse vein with two rather
deep curves, parted from the border and from the flexure of the pra3-
brachial by less than half its length. Alulse white. Halteres testa-
ceous. Abdomen green. Legs black.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

8. cserulea, Meig. Zvv. v. 63. 23 (1826) ; Mcq. ; Zett. — cognata,
Meig. Zw. vi. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, facialibus ferrugineis, palpis
niyris, thorace quadrivittato, alis cinereis, aMomine caeruleo. Long.
2-3£ ; alar. 5-7 lin.

Black, tinged with grey tomentum. Facialia ferruginous, bristly
except by the epistoma, which is slightly prominent ; eyes bare. Palpi
black. Antennas nearly reaching the epistoma ; third joint four times
the length of the second ; sixth plumose for two-thirds of the length.
Thorax with four stripes. Wings grey ; subcostal vein ending much
beyond one-third of the length of the wing ; mediastinal vein ending
much beyond half the length ; radial vein ending at beyond five-sixths
of the length ; prsebrachial vein forming an obtuse angle at its flexure,
slightly curved inward near this, and straight thence to its tip ; discal
transverse vein with two slight equal curves, parted from the border

110 MUSCID.E.

and from the flexure of the praebrachial by rather more or rather less
than half its length. Alulae white. Halteres tawny. Abdomen dark
blue. Legs black.
Common. (E. S. I.)

9. nitens, Zett. D. S. iv. 1340. 12 (1845).— veapiUo, Meig. ; Mcq.
Nigra, capite fulvo-tomentoso, antennis basi rufescentibus, alis sub-
cinereis, abdomine nitente. Long. 3^ ; alar. 7 lin.

Black. Head with pale tawny tomentum ; facialia bristly for near
half the length ; epistoma not prominent. Antennas not near reaching
the epistoma ; first and second joints reddish ; third about twice the
length of the second; sixth plumose to two-thirds of the length.
Wings slightly grey ; subcostal vein ending at a little beyond one-third
of the length ; medlastinal vein ending at a little beyond half the length ;
radial vein ending at beyond five-sixths of the length ; praBbrachial vein
forming a rounded and very slightly obtuse angle at the flexure, curved
inward near this, and straight thence to the tip ; discal transverse vein
with two very slight curves, parted by a little more than half its length
from the flexure of the prsebrachial, and by rather less from the bor-
der. Alulae dingy white. Abdomen shining. Male. Eyes contiguous.
Fern. Eyes remote.

Common. (E. S.)

10. rudis, F. E. S. iv. 314. 9 (1792) ; Fal.; Meig.; Mcq.; Zett.
Nigra, capite fulvo-tomentoso, antennis basi rufescentibus, thorace fulvo-
hirto, alis subcinereis, abdomine cinereo-tessellato. Long. 3-4 ; alar.
6-8 lin.

Black, with grey tomentum. Head with pale tawny tomentum ;
frontalia with hoary tomentum, reddish towards the antenna?; face
hoary ; facialia reddish, bristly for one-third of the length ; epistoma
not prominent. Antennae not near reaching the epistoma; first and
second joints reddish ; third about twice the length of the second ; sixth
plumose for three-fourths of the length. Thorax clothed with tawny
hairs. Wings slightly grey ; subcostal vein ending at hardly beyond
one-third of the length of the wing ; mediastinal vein ending at hardly
beyond half the length ; radial vein ending at beyond five-sixths of the
length ; praebrachial vein forming a rounded and very slightly obtuse
angle at its flexure, slightly curved inward near this, and thence almost
straight to the tip ; discal transverse vein with two distinct curves,
parted by full half its length from the flexure of the praebrachial, and
by rather more from the border. Alulaa dingy-white. Halteres whitish.
Abdomen tessellated with cinereous tomentum. Var. Head clothed
beneath with pale tawny hairs. Var. Facialia of the face and of the
peristoma reddish.

Frequents houses, passes the winter in a sluggish state, and
abounds on windows in the spring before the appearance of
M. domestica. Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

MUSCA. Ill

11. domestica, L. Fn. 1833 (1761); F.; Schr.; Gmel.; Fal.;
Meig. ; Desv. ; Mcq. ; Zett. Nigra, cinereo-tomentosa, capite argen-
tato, thorace quadrivittato, alls subcinereis, abdomine subtessellato
subtus pallido. Long. 3-3£ ; alar. 6-7 lin.

HOUSE FLY. — Black, with grey tomentum. Head somewhat silvery
in front ; frontalia ferruginous in front ; facialia bristly for one-third of
the length ; epistoma not prominent. Antennae not reaching the epi-
stoma; third joint slender, full four times the length of the second; sixth
plumose to three-fourths of the length. Thorax with four black stripes.
Wings almost limpid; prsebrachial vein forming a rounded obtuse
angle at its flexure, nearly straight from thence to the tip ; discal trans-
verse vein nearly straight, parted by its length from the flexure of the
praebrachial, and by more than half its length from the border. Alulae
whitish. Abdomen slightly tessellated, testaceous beneath.

Everywhere abundant. (E. S. I.)

12. corvina, F. S. I. ii. 440. 21 (1781); Gmel.; Fal.; Meig.;
Mcq.; Desv.; Zett.—ludifica, F. ; Pz. ! Fn. cv. 13. — Tau, Schr. —
nigripes, Pz. ! Fn. Ix. 13. Nigra, capite argenteo, thorace cano-to-
mentoso quadrivittato, alis subcinereis ; Mas, abdomine testaceo vitta
dorsali nigra ; Fcem. abdomine cano nigro-tessellato. Long. 3£ ; alar.
7 lin.

Black. Head silvery-white; frontalia deep black; facialia beset
with bristles ; epistoma not prominent. Antennae almost reaching the
epistoma ; third joint about four times the length of the second ; sixth
plumose to the tip. Thorax with hoary tomentum. Wings slightly
grey ; subcostal vein ending at much beyond one-third of the length of
the wing ; mediastinal vein ending at a little beyond half the length ;
radial vein ending at about seven-eighths of the length ; praBbrachial
vein forming a rounded obtuse angle at its flexure, nearly straight from
thence to the tip ; discal transverse vein with two distinct curves, parted
by full half its length from the border, and by much less than its length
from the flexure of the praebrachial. Halteres pale testaceous. Male.
Thorax with four broad black stripes. Alulae greyish. Abdomen testa-
ceous ; base and dorsal stripe black. Fern. Thorax with four slender
black stripes. Alulae white. Abdomen hoary, tessellated with black.

Common. (E.)

13. vitripennis, Meig. Zw. v. 73. 38 (1826). Nigra, cano-
tomentosa, capite subargenteo, frontalibus antice ferrugineis, thorace
quadrivittato, alis sublimpidis, abdomine testaceo vitta dorsali apiceque
nigris. Long. 3-3f ; alar. 7-8 lin.

Black, with hoary tomentum. Head somewhat silvery; frontalia
ferruginous in front ; facialia bristly to one-third of the length. An-
tennae not reaching the epistoma ; third joint about four times the
length of the second ; sixth plumose to three-fourths of the length.
Thorax with four black stripes. Wings nearly limpid ; subcostal vein

112 MUSCIDjE.

ending at beyond one-third of the length of the wing ; mediastinal vein
ending at a little beyond half the length ; radial vein ending at about
seven-eighths of the length ; prasbrachial vein forming a rounded angle
at the flexure, indistinctly curved inward from thence to the tip ; dis-
cal transverse vein almost straight, parted by its length from the flexure
of the pra3brachial, and by nearly half its length from the border. Aluke
whitish. Abdomen dull testaceous ; dorsal stripe and tip black.
Common. (E.)

14. lasiophthalma, Meig. Zw. vii. 299. 9 (1838) ; Mcq. ; Zett.
JEneo-viridis, cyaneo et purpureo varia, oculis hirtis, palpis antennis
pedibusque nigris, thorace cano quinquevittato, alis subcinereis. Long.
3-3| ; alar. 7-8 lin.

.ZEneous-green. Facialia beset with bristles; epistoma not promi-
nent ; eyes hairy ; proboscis, palpi, antennae, and legs black. AntennaB
nearly reaching the epistoma ; third joint about four times the length
of the second; sixth plumose nearly to the tip. Thorax with five
broad hoary stripes. Wings slightly grey ; subcostal vein ending at a
little beyond one-third of the length of the wing; mediastinal vein
ending at a little beyond half of the length ; radial vein ending at about
seven-eighths of the length ; prasbrachial vein indistinctly undulating
between the flexure and the tip ; discal transverse vein curved inward
near the middle, parted by nearly its length from the flexure of the
prsebrachial, and by more than half its length from the border. Alula?
greyish. Abdomen greenish-blue. Var. /3. Thorax and abdomen green.
Var. y. Thorax seneous. Abdomen golden-green. Var. S. Thorax and
abdomen purplish-blue, the former green in front.

Not rare. (E.)

15. cadaverina, L.Fn. 1829(1761); D. G.; Schr.; Ross.; F.;
Fal. ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett. Cyaneo-viridis, capite argenteo, oculis nudis,
palpis autennis pedibusque nigris, antennarum articulo tertio secnndo
quadruple longiore, alis subcinereis, abdomine purpureo. Long. 3 ;
alar. 6 lin.

Bluish-green. Head silvery-white in front ; frontalia, proboscis,
palpi, antenna?, and legs black; facialia bristly to one-fourth of the
length ; epistoma not prominent ; eyes bare. Antenna nearly reaching
the epistoma; third joint about four times the length of the second;
sixth plumose to . three-fourths of the length. TTings slightly grey ;
subcostal vein ending at much beyond one-third of the length of the
wing ; mediastinal vein ending at beyond half the length ; radial vein
ending at beyond five-sixths of the length ; discal transverse vein very
slightly curved inward in the middle, parted by more than its length
from the flexure of the praBbrachial, and by much less than its length
from the border. Alula? white. Abdomen purple, partly blue.

Common. (E.)

MUSCA. 113

16. serena, Meig. Zw. v. 59. 18 (1826); Mcq.; Zett. Viridis,
capite argenteo, oculis nudis, palpis antennis pedibusque nigris, anten-
narum articulo tertio secundo triple longiore> alis limpidis, abdomine
nonnunquam cyaneo. Long. 2|-; alar. 5 lin.

Bright green. Head with silvery-white tomentum ; frontalia black ;
facialia bristly for one-fourth of the length ; epistoma not prominent ;
proboscis, palpi, antennae, and legs black. Antennae not reaching the
epistoma ; third joint about thrice the length of the second ; sixth plu-
mose nearly to the tip. Thorax with three broad rather indistinct
hoary stripes. Wings limpid ; subcostal vein ending at a little beyond
one-third of the length of the wing ; mediastinal vein ending at half
•the length ; radial vein ending at seven-eighths of the length ; praebra-
chial vein very indistinctly undulating between its flexure end its tip ;
discal transverse vein with a distinct inward curve in the middle, and
a very indistinct outward curve at each end, parted from the border
by much more than half its length, and by much more than its length
from the flexure of the praebrachial. Alulae white. Abdomen golden-
green. Halteres luteous. Var. £. Abdomen blue.

Not common. (E.)

17. hortorum, Pal. Muse. 52. 33 (1810) ; Meig. ! Zw. v. pi. 43.
f. 33 ; Weid. ; Mcq. ; Zett. — importuna, Desv. Nigra, capite argenteo,
thorace cano-trivittato, alis sublimpidis, abdomine nigro-viridi subtes-
sellato. Long. 2|-3£ ; alar. 5-7 lin.

Black, with hoary tomentum. Head with silvery tomentum ; fron-
talia black ; facialia bristly along half the length ; epistoma not pro-
minent. Antennae nearly reaching the epistoma ; third joint almost
reaching the epistoma, full thrice the length of the second ; disc of the
thorax black, with three hoary stripes. Wings nearly limpid ; sub-
costal vein ending at much beyond one-third of the length of the wing ;
mediastinal vein ending at beyond half the length ; radial vein ending
at about seven-eighths of the length ; discal transverse vein very slightly
curved inward in the middle, parted by more than its length from the
flexure of the praebrachial, and by much more than half its length from
the border. Alulae whitish. Abdomen greenish-black, slightly tessel-
lated.

Very abundant. (E. S. I.)

18. stabulans, Fal. Muse. 52. 32 (1810) ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett. —
cinerascens, Wied. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite argenteo, thorace
quadrivittato, scutello femoribusque apice tibiisque ferrugineis, alis
cinereis, abdomine fuscescente tessellato. Long. 4^ ; alar. 9 lin.

Allied to AntJiomyia. Black, with cinereous tomentum. Head sil-
very ; frontalia deep black ; facialia bristly for one-third of the length ;
epistoma not prominent. Antennae not reaching the epistoma ; second
joint ferruginous at the tip ; third about twice the length of the second ;
sixth plumose to two-thirds of the length. Thorax with four black

VOL. II. Q

114

stripes. Scutellum ferruginous at the tip. Wings grey; subcostal
vein ending at much beyond one-third of the length of the wing ; medi-
astinal vein ending at beyond half the length ; radial vein ending at
about seven-eighths of the length ; curve of the prasbrachial vein near
the tip very slight ; discal transverse vein with two very slight curves,
parted by much more than its length from the flexure of the prasbra-
chial, and by a little less than its length from the border. Alulse grey.
Abdomen brownish, tessellated. Femora towards the tips and tibia3
ferruginous.

Not common. (E.)

19. maculata, L. S. N. ed. 12. ii. 990. 70 (1763); D.G.; F.;
Gmel. ; Pz. ; Fal. ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett. — vulpina, F. Nigra, albo-
tomentosa, alis subcinereis, abdominis segmentis vitta dorsali maculisque
quatuor nigris; Mas, thorace albido-quadrivittato, scutello apice tes-
taceo, alis ad costam subfuscescentibus, abdomine testaceo ; Fcem. tho-
race albido-quinquevittato, alis sublimpidis. Long. 3^ ; alar. 8 lin.

Black, with white tomentum. Frontalia deep black, widening in
front ; facialia bristly along two-thirds of the length ; epistoma slightly
prominent ; eyes hairy. Antenna? not reaching the epistoma ; third
joint almost four times the length of the second; sixth plumose to
three-fourths of the length. Subcostal vein ending at much beyond
one-third of the length of the wing ; mediastinal vein ending at much
beyond half the length ; radial vein ending at about seven-eighths of
the length ; curve of the praebrachial vein very near the border ; discal
transverse vein much curved inward behind the middle, parted by much
less than its length from the flexure of the pra3brachial, and by less than
half its length from the border. Halteres pale-yellow. Abdomen with
an interrupted black dorsal stripe, and with four blackish spots on the
hind border of each segment. Male. Lateralia red. Eyes not con-
nected. Thorax with four whitish stripes. Scutellum testaceous to-
wards the tip. Wings slightly brownish at the base and along the fore
border. Abdomen testaceous. Fern. Thorax with five whitish stripes.
Wings nearly limpid. Alulas white.

Common. (E. S. I.)

20. meditabunda, F. Sp. I. ii. 444. 46 (1781); Pz.; Fal.;
Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett. Nigra, cinereo-tomentosa, capite argenteo, tho-
race quadrivittato, abdomine quadrimaculato ; Mas, alis fusco-cinereis ;
Fcem. alis subcinereis. Long. 3-3^ ; alar. 6-7 lin.

Allied to Anthomyia. Black, with cinereous tomentum. Head sil-
very ; frontalia deep black ; facialia bristly to one-fourth of the length ;
epistoma not prominent ; eyes hairy. Antennas not reaching the epi-
stoma ; third joint full twice the length of the second ; sixth plumose
to three-fourths of the length. Thorax with four black stripes ; sub-
costal vein ending a little beyond one-third of the length of the wing ;
mediastinal vein ending at a little before half the length ; radial vein

MUSCA. 115

ending at about five-sixths of the length ; curve of the prsebrachial vein
very slight and very near the tip ; discal transverse vein with two dis-
tinct curves, parted by less than its length from the border, and by
very much more than its length from the flexure of the prsebrachial.
AlulaB and halteres dingy testaceous. Second and third segments of
the abdomen with two spots on each. Male. Eyes not connected.
Stripes of the thorax broad. Wings brownish-grey. Abdominal spots
large. Fern. Eyes remote. Stripes of the thorax narrow. Wings
slightly grey. Abdominal spots small.
Not common. (E.)

21. meridiana, L. Fn. 1 827 (1761) ; D. G. ; Schr. ; Gmel. ; Pz. ;
Fal. ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett. Nigra, nitens, capite cano-tomentoso antice
aurato, alis subhyalinis basi luteis. Long. 5^-6 ; alar. 11-12 lin.

Black, shining. Head with hoary tornentum ; frontalia deep black ;
facialia bristly along more than half the length ; mediana and lateralia
gilded. Antenna3 not reaching the epistoma ; second joint ferruginous
at the tip ; third tapering from the base to the tip, thrice the length of
the second; sixth ferruginous towards the base, plumose to the tip.
Wings subhyaline, slightly grey along the veins, bright luteous at the
base and along part of the fore border ; subcostal vein ending at much
beyond one-third of the length of the wing ; mediastinal vein ending at
about two-thirds of the length ; radial vein ending at about seven-eighths
of the length ; discal transverse vein with two distinct curves, parted
by much less than its length from the flexure of the prsebrachial, and
by hardly half its length from the border. Alulae slightly luteous.
Halteres ferruginous.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

The following additional species of Musca have been recorded
as British : —

1. Musca Ceesarion, Hoff.

2. chloris, Hal.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.
10.
11.

regina, Meig.
albipennis, Meig.
azurea, Fal.
Lanio, F.

atramentaria, Meig.
sepulchralis, Meig.
pabulorum, Fal.
caesia, Meig.
tempestina, Fal.

12. „ cyanella, Meig.

13. „ versicolor, Meig,

116 MUSCID^E.

Genus II. STOMOXYS.

STOMOXYS, Geoff. Ins. ii. 539 (1764) ; F. ; Schr. F. 3 ; Fal. ; Meig. ;
Mcq. ; Zett. Conops p., L. ; Gmel. ; Schr. I. A. Musca p., D. G.
Stomoxys et Hamatobia, Desv. ; Mcq.

Corpus mediocre, opacum, pubescens, vix setosum. Oculi oblongi,
nudi, in utroque sexu disjuncti. Proboscis porrecta, gracilis, Itevis,
nitens, acuminata, basi geniculata. Thorax sutura transversa. Ab-
domen segmentis quatuor, non setosum.

Body of middle size, dull, pubescent, with very few bristles. Eyes
oblong, bare, parted in both sexes. Proboscis porrect, slender, smooth,
shining, acuminated, geniculated at the base. Thorax with a transverse
suture. Abdomen with four apparent segments, not bristly.

Some of the species of this genus much resemble M. domestica,
but are especially distinguished from Musca by the form of the
proboscis, with which they pierce the skin and suck the blood of
man and of cattle.

1. calcitrans, L. Fn. 1900 (1761); Geoff.; F.; Gmel.; Schr.;
Fal. ; Meig. ; Mcq. — tessellata, F. Nigra, cinereo-tomentosa, capite
albo, palpis fulvis, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, abdominis segmentis
maculis duabus vittaque dorsali suturisque nigris ; Mas, palpis longis
clavatis, alis fuscis; Icem. alis subcinereis, tibiis anticis basi fulvis.
Long. 2|-3 ; alar. 5-6 lin.

Black, with cinereous tomentum. Head white; facialia without
bristles; epistoma slightly prominent; palpi tawny. Antennas not
reaching the epistoma ; third joint linear, rounded at the tip, full thrice
the length of the second ; sixth plumose nearly to the tip. Thorax
wich four black stripes ; costal vein ending at a little behind the tip of
the wing ; subcostal vein ending at beyond one-third of the length ;
mediastinal vein ending at beyond half the length ; radial vein ending
at about seven-eighths of the length ; cubital vein very slightly curved ;
prsebrachial vein forming a slight curve at its flexure, joining the costal
at some distance from the tip of the cubital ; discal transverse vein
curved inward in the middle, parted by much less than its length from
the flexure of the praebrachial, and by less than half its length from the
border. Alula3 grey. Abdomen with two spots on each segment, an
interrupted dorsal stripe, and the sutures black. Male. Darker than the
female. Palpi long, clavate. Wings brown. Abdomen with the spots
larger than those of the female, and the dorsal stripe less interrupted.
Fern. Wings slightly grey. Fore tibiae tawny towards the base.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

The following additional species of Stomoxys have been recorded
as British : —

1. Stomoxys irritans, L.

2. „ stimulans, Meig.

ANTHOMYIDES. 117

SUBFAMILY VI. ANTHOMYIDES.

Anthomyzidae, Latr. ; Mcq. ; Westw. Mesomyda, Desv. Anthomy-
zides, Zett.

Caput non vesiculosum. Antennae facie paullo breviores ; articulus tertius
elongatus ; quartus obsoletus ; quintus brevis ; sextus basi incrassa-
tus, tertio multo longior. Thorax subellipticus, transverse sulcatus.
Alae mediocres ; vena prabrachialis recta vel subrecta. Alula me-
diocres aut parva. Abdomen non elongatura. Pedes longitudine
raediocres.

Body hairy, bristly. Head not vesiculose. Fovese of the face very
shallow. Antennae nearly reaching the epistoma; third joint very
slightly tapering from the base to the rounded tip, more than twice the
length of the second ; fourth obsolete ; fifth short ; sixth short at the
base, much longer than the third. Thorax nearly elliptical, with a
transverse suture. Wings of moderate size. Costal vein ending where
the praebrachial meets it on the hind border at some distance from the
tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at very little beyond one- third
of the length of the wing ; mediastinal vein ending at about half the
length ; radial ending at beyond sixth-sevenths of the length ; cubital
vein joining the costal at very little in front of the tip of the wing ;
prcebrachial vein straight, or nearly so. Anal and subanal veins abbre-
viated. Alula of moderate size, or small. Abdomen not long. Legs
of moderate length.

The Anthomyides are nearly allied to the Muscides, but may be
distinguished by the straight prsebrachial vein, and by the smaller
alulae. Their size also is generally smaller, their bodies longer
and less compact, and their flight less powerful. Their larvae mostly
live on decaying vegetable substances. The three genera here
adopted may be thus distinguished : —

C straight 1. ANTHOMYIA.

f linear or subclavate. Proboscis <
p , . N (.with geniculate labella . 2. DRYMEIA.

C capitate 3. LISPE.

Genus I. ANTHOMYIA.

ANTHOMYIA et Canosia, Meig. Zw. v. 81. 210 (1826). Aricia et An-
thomyza, Zett. Aricia, Spilogaster, Hydrophoria, Hydrotaa, Ophy-
ra, Limnopkora, Hylemyia, ChortopJiila, Atomogaster, Homalomyia
(Bouche), Anthomyia, Pegomyia, etc., Desv. ; Mcq. ; Meig. Zw. vii.

Color varius, plerumque obscurus, rarissime submetallicus. Oculi

118 MUSCID^E.

maris conjunct!, approximate, vel remoti ; foem. disjunct!. Proboscis

recta. Palpi fliformes, vel subclavati. Arista pluraosa, pubescens, aut

nuda. Alae sat latae, vel angustae ; venae cubitalis, praebrachialis, et

discalis transversa structura variae. Alulae mediocres vel minutae.

Body very various in size and breadth, more or less hairy and bristly.

Colour various, generally dingy, sometimes pale, very rarely slightly

metallic. Eyes of the male united, contiguous, remote; of the female

more or less remote. Proboscis straight. Palpi filiform or subclavate.

Arista plumose, pubescent, or bare. Wings rather broad, or narrow.

Cubital, praebrachial, and transverse discal veins of various structure.

Alulae of moderate size, or small. Abdomen oval, elliptical, fusiform,

obconical, or linear. Femora and tibiae of the male notched or dentate.

The variations in structure of the alulae, of the arista, and of

the wing-veins above mentioned are characters for grouping the

species, which may be thus divided : —

a. Alulae of moderate size ; lower valve extending much beyond the
upper.

b. Arista plumose, with long hairs.
c. Legs black.

d. Abdomen broad, oval.

e. Abdomen not distinctly spotted.
/. Epistoma not prominent. Species 1-5.
//. Epistoma prominent. Species 6, 7.
e e. Abdomen distinctly spotted. Species 8-11.
d d. Abdomen narrow, obconical. Species 12-16.
c c. Legs partly pale.

d. Body more or less pale. Species 17-21.
d d. Body black, with pale tomentum.
e. Discal transverse vein clouded.
/. Abdomen not spotted. Species 22-24.
//. Abdomen distinctly spotted. Species 25, 26.
e e. Discal transverse vein not clouded.
/. Femora and tibiae tawny.

g. Scutellum tawny. Species 27, 28.
g g. Scutellum not tawny.
h. Wings greyish, or limpid.

i. Fore femora tawny. Species 29-32.
i i. Fore femora black. Species 33, 34.
h Ji. Wings brown. Species 35.
//. Femora black ; tibiae tawny.
g. Transverse veins not clouded.

h. Thorax with four dark stripes. Species 36-40.
h h. Thorax with three dark stripes. Species 41.
g g. Transverse veins clouded with brown. Sp. 42, 43.
b b. Arista plumose, with short hairs. Species 44.

ANTHOMYIA. 119

b b b. Arista pubescent. Species 45.

a a. Alulae rather small ; lower valve extending a little beyond the
upper.

b. Arista plumose with long hairs.
c. Legs black. Species 46-48.
c c. Legs black; tibiae tawny. Species 49-51.
b b. Arista pubescent or bare.
c. Legs black.

d. Thorax and abdomen spotted. Species 52.
d d. Thorax and abdomen not spotted. Species 53-57.
c c. Legs pale. Species 58, 59.

a a a. Alula? small ; lower valve not extending beyond the upper.
b. Arista plumose with long hairs. Species 60-64.
b b. Arista plumose with short hairs. Species 65.
c. Legs black.

d. Body bluish-black. Species 66.
d d. Body black.

e. Thorax not striped. Species 67, 68.
e e. Thorax striped. Species 69-73.
c c. Legs black ; tibias ferruginous. Species 74.
c c c. Femora and tibias piceous. Species 75.
c c c c. Femora, tibias, and abdomen pale. Species 76-80.

1. lardaria, F. S. I. ii. 436. 5 (1781); Gmel.; Fal. ; Meig.; Mcq. ;
Zett. — Har. ! I. pi. 36. f. 52. Albido-tomentosa, capite aurato, thorace
nigro-quadrivittato, alls subhyalinis, vena discali transversa valde obliqua.
Long. 4-5 ; alar. 8-10 lin.

Black, with whitish tomentum. Head gilded above and in front; inter-
frontalia distinct, triangular ; frontalia of the male black, of the female
ferruginous ; facialia setigerous along nearly the whole length ; medi-
ana pale ferruginous ; lateralia large. Eyes hairy. Thorax with four
black stripes. Wings subhyaline. Cubital and prabrachial veins di-
verging from the prsebrachial transverse vein to the border. Discal
transverse vein undulating, very oblique, parted by a little more than its
length from the prabrachial transverse vein, and by less than half its
length from the border. Alulaa whitish. Abdomen subovate, tessellated,
a little broader but not longer than the thorax.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

2. albolineata, Fal. Msc. 54. 38 (1810); Meig.; Mcq.; Zett.
Albido-tomentosa, capite albo, thorace nigro-bivittato, alis hyalinis, ab-
domine tessellato. Long. 2^-3^- ; alar. 5-7 lin.

Black, with whitish tomentum. Head white ; facialia setigerous along
most of the length. Eyes hairy. Thorax with two broad black stripes.
Wings hyaline; cubital and pra?brachial veins slightly diverging from
the praBbrachial transverse vein to the border; discal transverse vein
oblique, very slightly curved, parted by a little less than its length from

120 MUSCID^.

the prcebrachial transverse vein, and by more than half its length from
the border. Alulae white. Abdomen oval, tessellated, a little broader
but not longer than the thorax.
Not rare. (E.)

3. praeterita, n. Canescente-tomentosa, thorace nigro-quadrivit-
tato, alis cinereis, abdomine subtessellato. Long. 3| ; alar. 7 lin.

Black, with grey tomentum. Head hoary. Eyes bare. Thorax with
four slender blackish stripes. Wings grey ; cubital and praebrachial
veins diverging from the praebrachial transverse vein to the border;
discal transverse vein oblique, almost straight, parted by a little more
than its length from the praebrachial transverse vein, and by less than
its length from the border. Alulae whitish, with testaceous borders.
Abdomen oval, slightly tessellated, a little broader but not longer than
the thorax.

Not common. (E.)

4. interlatens, n. Cinereo-tomentosa, thorace fusco-quadrivittato,
alis subcinereis, venis transversis non mbulosis, abdomine longiovato.
Long. 3^ ; alar. 7 lin.

Black, with cinereous tomentum. Head whitish. Thorax with four
very slender brown stripes. Wings greyish ; transverse veins not clouded
with brown ; cubital and praebrachial veins slightly diverging from the
praebrachial transverse vein to the border ; discal transverse vein oblique,
undulating, parted by a little more than its length from the praebrachial
transverse vein, and by very little less than its length from the border.
AlulaB whitish. Abdomen elongate-oval, as broad and as long as the
thorax.

Not common. (E.)

5. serva, Meig. Zw. v. 86. 6 (1826); Mcq. ; Zett. Cinereo-to-
mentosa, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alis cinereis, venis transversis fusco-
nebulosis, abdomine ovato tessellato. Long. 3-3^; alar. 6-7 lin.

Black, with cinereous tomentum. Head white on each side in front.
Eyes bare. Thorax with four slender black stripes. Wings grey ;
transverse veins clouded with brown; cubital and praebrachial veins
diverging from the praabrachial transverse vein to the border; discal
transverse vein undulating, slightly oblique, parted by a little more
than its length from the praebrachial transverse vein and by hardly less
than its length from the border. Alulae whitish, with pale testaceous
borders. Abdomen oval, tessellated, a little broader, but not longer
than the thorax.

Common. (E.)

6. indecisa, n. Canescente-tomentosa, thorace nigro-quadrivitta-
to, alis subcinereis basi subluridis, vena prcebrachiali transversa non ne-
bulosa, abdomine cinereo-tomentoso, vitta dorsali basali nigra. Long.

alar. 7-8 lin.

ANTHOMYIA. 121

Black, with grey tomentum. Head whitish. Thorax with four
black stripes. Wings slightly grey, with an indistinct lurid tinge at
the base ; cubital and prasbrachial veins slightly diverging to the border
from the prabrachial transverse vein which is not clouded; cubital vein
very slightly undulating ; discal transverse vein oblique, undulating,
parted by much more than its length from the praabrachial transverse
vein, and by much more than half its length from the border. Alula3
whitish, with luteous borders. Abdomen oval, with cinereous tomen-
tum, and with a black dorsal stripe towards the base, as broad as the
thorax but not longer.

Common. (E.)

7. incana, Wied. Z. M. I. i. 81. 31 (1816); Meig.; Mcq.; Zett.
— nemorum, Fal. Canescente-tomentosa, thorace nigro-quadrivittato,
alls cinereis basi et apud venas luridis, abdomine cano-tomentosa.
Long. 3-3£ ; alar. 6-7 lin.

Black, with grey tomentum. Thorax with four black stripes. Wings
grey, lurid at the base and more slightly so along the borders of the veins ;
cubital and prsebrachial veins slightly diverging from the prsebrachial
transverse vein to the border ; discal transverse vein oblique, slightly
undulating, parted by a little more than its length from the prsebrachial
transverse vein, and by much more than half its length from the border.
Alulae whitish, with lurid borders. Abdomen oval, with hoary tomen-
tum, as broad as the thorax, but not longer.

Common. (E.)

8. fixa, n. Canescente-tomentosa, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alis
subcinereis, venis cubitali et prabrachiali divergentibus, discali transversa
non nebulosa ad praebrachiali transversa ejus longitudine paullo remotioret
abdomine cinereo nigro-quadrimaculato. Long. 3 ; alar. 6 lin.

Black, with grey tomentum. Head whitish. Thorax with four
black stripes. Wings greyish ; cubital and praibrachial veins slightly
diverging from the clouded prcebrachial transverse vein to the border ;
discal transverse vein oblique, slightly undulating, not clouded, parted
by a little more than its length from the prtsbrachial transverse vein,
and by less than its length from the border. Alulae whitish, with tes-
taceous borders. Abdomen cinereous, elongate-oval, as broad and as
long as the thorax ; second and third segments with two black spots on
each.

Not rare. (E.)

9. decedens, n. Canescente-tomentosa, thorace nigro-quadrivitta-
to, alis cinereis, venis cubitali et praebrachiali fere par allelis, discali trans-
versa non nebulosa ab prtebrachiali transversa ejus longitudine paullo re-
motiore, abdomine nigro-quadriinaculato. Long. 3 ; alar. 6 lin.

Black, with grey tomentum. Head white. Thorax with four black
stripes. Wings grey; cubital and prtebrachial veins nearly parallel

VOL. II. E

122 MUSCTDjE.

from the discal transverse vein to the border ; discal transverse vein
oblique, slightly undulating, not clouded, parted by a little more than its
length from the prabrachial transverse vein, and by a little less than its
length from the border. Alulae whitish, with pale testaceous borders.
Abdomen fusiform, a little longer than the thorax ; second and third
segments with two black spots on each.
Not common. (E.)

10. detracta, n. Cano-tomentosa, thorace nigro-quadrivittato,
alis subciuereis, vena discali transversa non nebulosa ab praebrachiali
iransversa ejus longitudine mullo remotiore, abdomine maculis quatuor
indistinctis nigricantibus. Long. 2^ ; alar. 5 lin.

Black, with hoary tomentum. Head sil very- white ; lateralia dull
testaceous. Thorax with four black stripes. Wings greyish ; cubital
and praebrachial veins slightly diverging from the prtebrachial trans-
verse vein to the border ; discal transverse vein slightly oblique, very
slightly undulating, not clouded, parted by much more than its length
from the prabrachial transverse vein, and by very little more than its
length from the border. Alulae whitish. Abdomen oval, a little
broader but not longer than the thorax, with two indistinct blackish
spots on each segment.

Not common. (E.)

11. lucorum, Fal. Msc. 55. 40 (1810); Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett.
Canescente-tomentosa, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alis cinereis basi et
apud venas fuscescentibus, abdomine nigro-quadrimaculato. Long. 3 ;
alar. 6 lin.

Black, with grey tomentum. Head white. Thorax with four black
stripes. Things grey, brownish at the base and along the borders of the
veins ; cubital and praBbrachial veins slightly diverging from the praa-
brachial transverse vein to the border ; discal transverse vein oblique,
slightly undulating, parted by about its length from the prabrachial
transverse vein, and by a little less than its length from the border.
Alula3 greyish, with testaceous borders. Abdomen elongate, oval, as
broad and as long as the thorax ; second and third segments with two
black spots on each.

Common. (E.)

12. debilis, n. Canescente-tomentosa, thorace vittis duabus in-
distinctis nigris, alis subcinereis, abdomine non maculato. Long. 2-£;
alar. 5 lin.

Black, with grey tomentum. Thorax with two indistinct black
stripes. Wings slightly greyish ; cubital and prabrachial veins slightly
diverging from the prabrachial transverse vein to the border ; discal
transverse vein slightly oblique, nearly straight, parted by very little
more than its length from the praabrachial transverse vein, and by much
more than half its length from the border. Alulaa slightly greyish.

ANTHOMYIA. 123

with pale testaceous borders. Abdomen oval, shining, not spotted, a
little broader but not longer than the thorax.

Not common. (E.)

18. fumosa, Meig. Zw. v. 109. 45 (1826). Atra, hirsutissima,
alls nigro-fuscis apice et maryine postico cinereis, abdomine nigro-emeo
immaculate. Long. 2-J- ; alar. 5 lin.

Deep black, very hairy. Head greyish in front. Wings dark brown;
hind borders and tips grey ; cubital and praebrachial veins diverging
from the praabrachial transverse vein to the discal transverse vein,
nearly parallel from thence to the border ; cubital vein slightly curved ;
discal transverse vein hardly oblique, very slightly undulating, parted
by a little more than its length from the praebrachial transverse vein,
and by more than half its length from the border. Alula3 whiiish. Ab-
domen esneous-black, obconical, very little longer than the thorax.

Not rare. (E.)

14. vespertina, Fal. Msc. 58. 49 (1810); Meig.; Zett. Mas,
Nigra, subjyilosa, nitens, alisfuscis, apice margineque postico cinereis, ab-
domine nigro-<zneo immacidato, vitta dorsali nigra. Long. 2^-3 ; alar.
5-6 lin.

Male. Black, shining, slightly hairy. Head whitish in front and
beneath. Wings brown, grey at the tips and along the hind border ;
cubital and pra3brachial veins diverging from the praebrachial transverse
vein to the discal transverse vein, hardly diverging from thence to the
border; diseal transverse vein oblique, slightly curved inward, parted
by a little more than half its length from the praBbrachial transverse
vein, and by a little less than its length from the border. AlulaB whitish.
Abdomen long-oval, teneous-blacJc3 with a black dorsal stripe, not spotted,
a little longer than the thorax.

Common. (E.)

15. obscurata, Meig. Zw. v. 89. 12 (1826); Zett.— var. Sahl-
bergi, Zett. Nigro-cinereo-tomentosa, thorace vittis tribus vix conspi-
cuis nigris, alis obscure cinereis basi et apud venas fuscis, abdomine nigro-
aeneo maculis quatuor nigris. Long. 2-^ ; alar. 5 lin.

Black, with dark grey tomentum, very hairy. Eyes hairy ; sixth joint
of the antennaB with moderately long hairs. Thorax with three indis-
tinct black stripes. Wings dark grey, brown at the base and along the
borders of the veins ; cubital and praBbrachial veins diverging from the
praBbrachial transverse vein to the border; discal transverse vein ob-
lique, slightly undulating, parted by hardly more than its length from
the praBbrachial transverse vein, and by rather less than its length from
the border. Alulae whitish, with pale testaceous borders. Abdomen
elongate-oval, indistinctly ceneous-black, a little longer than the thorax ;
second and third segments with two black spots on each.

Not rare. (E.)

16. dispar, Fal. Msc. 58. 48 (1810); Meig.; Mcq.; Zett. Ca-

124 MUSCID.E.

nescente-tomentosa, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alis cinereis, maris basi
et antice vix fuscescentibus, abdomine cinereo nigro-quadrimacidato.
Long. 2£-3 ; alar. 5-6 lin.

Black, with grey tomentum. Head hoary. Thorax with four black
stripes. Wings grey, of the male very slightly brownish at the base and
in front ; cubital and praebrachial veins slightly diverging from the
praebrachial transverse vein to the border ; discal transverse vein ob-
lique, slightly undulating, parted by hardly more than its length from
the praebrachial transverse vein, and by less than its length from the
border. Alulae grey, with testaceous borders. Abdomen long-obco-
nical, with cinereous tomentum, as long as the thorax; second and
third segments with two black spots on each.

Common. (E.)

17. pallida,F.E.S.iv.320.33(1792); Gmel.; Fal.; Meig.; Mcq.;
Zett. — testacea, D. G. Testacea, antennis articulo tertio apice fusco,
alis subcinereis, tarsis nigris. Long. 2|— 3 ; alar. 5-6 lin.

Testaceous. Head whitish in front ; third joint of the antennae
brownish at the tip. Wings slightly grey; cubital and praebrachial
veins diverging from the praebrachial transverse vein to the border;
discal transverse vein slightly oblique, very slightly undulating, parted
by a little more than its length from the praebrachial transverse vein,
and by less than its length from the border. Alulae whitish, with pale
testaceous borders. Abdomen subelliptical, as long and as broad as
the thorax. Tarsi black. Male. Discal transverse vein parted by about
its length or a little less from the praebrachial transverse vein, and
by a little less than its length from the border. Var. Thorax with
three short brown stripes. Wings slightly testaceous at the base and
in front.

Not rare. (E.)

18. Populi, Meig. Zw. v. 115. 55 (1826); Mcq.; Zeit.—pallida
var., Fal. Nigra, canescente-tomentosa, palpis testaceis, thorace nigro-
quadrivittato, humeris scutello abdomine pedibusque fulvis, alis subci-
nereis basi subluridis,. venis cubitali et prcebrachiali apices versus diver-
gentibus, vena prabrachiali transversa non nebulosa, tarsis nigris. Long.
3-3i; alar. 6-7 lin.

Block, with grey tomentum. Head white. Palpi testaceous. Thorax
with four black stripes. Humeri and scutellum tawny. Wings slightly-
grey, pale lurid at the base ; cubital and prcebrachial veins slightly di-
verging from the unclouded prcebrachial transverse vein to the border ;
discal transverse vein clouded with pale brown, a little oblique, slightly
undulating, parted by almost its length from the prcBbrachial transverse
vdn, and by little more than half its length from the border. Alulae
whitish, with pale testaceous borders. Abdomen tawny, subelliptical,
as long and as broad as the thorax. Legs tawny ; tarsi black.

Common. (E.)

ANTHOMYIA. 125

19. testacea, F. S. 1. ii. 440. 22 (1781); Gmel.; Pz.l Fn. Ix.
14 ; Meig. — scutellaris ? Fal. ; Zett. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, thorace
nigro-quadrivittato, scutello abdomine pedibusque fulvis, alls subcine-
reis, venis cubitali et prtebrackiali apices versus convergentibus, vena
prabrachiali transversa non nebulosa, tarsis nigris. Long. 3 ; alar.
61in.

Black, with hoary tomentum. Thorax with four slender blackish
stripes ; scutellum tawny. Wings slightly greyish ; cubital and pra-
brachial veins slightly diverging from the unclouded prabrachial trans-
verse vein to Jialf the distance between the discal transverse vein and tJie
border, very slightly converging from tJience to the border ; discal trans-
verse vein slightly oblique, slightly curved inward, parted by more than
its length from the prcebrachial transverse vein, and by about half its
length from the border. Alulae greyish, with testaceous borders. Ab-
domen tawny, elongate-oval, a little longer than the thorax. Legs
tawny; tarsi black.

Not common. (E.)

20. abdominalis, StaBg. MSS. ; Zett. D. S. v. 1744. 126 (1846).
Nigra, cano-tomentosa, an tennis basi scutelli apice abdomine pedibusque
ful>:is, thorace fusco-quad?'ivittato, alis subcinereis, venis transversis fusco-
nebulosis, tarsis nigris. Long. 3 ; alar. 6 lin.

Black, with hoary tomentum. Head white in front; first and
second joints of the antenna? tawny ; third tawny at the base. Thorax
with four brownish stripes ; scutellum taiony at the tip. Wings greyish;
transverse veins clouded with brown ; cubital and prsebrachial veins di-
verging from the prtebrachial transverse vein to the border ; discal trans-
verse vein almost upright, hardly undulating, parted by its length from
the prebrachial transverse vein, and by less than its length from the
border. AlulaB white. Abdomen elliptical, tawny, not longer than the
thorax ; second and third segments with two black spots on each. Legs
tawny ; tarsi black.

Not common. (E.)

21. uliginosa, Fal. Msc. 81. 100 (1810); Meig.; Mcq.; Zett.
Nigra, cano-tomentosa, antennis basi testaceis, thorace vittis quatuor
postice conjunctis fuscis, scutello fusco-bimaculato, alis sublimpidis, venis
transversis fusco-nebulosis, abdomine testaceo vitta interrupta maculisque
fuscis, pedibus fulvis, tarsis nigris. Long. 2£ ; alar. 5 lin.

Black, with hoary tomentum. Head white. Eyes not meeting
above in the male; first and second joints of the antennas testaceous.
Thorax with four brown stripes, which are partly confluent behind ; scu-
tellum with two large triangular brown spots. Wings nearly limpid ;
transverse veins, and junction of the cubital and prtshrachial veins clouded
with brown ; cubital and praBbrachial veins slightly diverging from the
prsebrachial transverse vein to the border; discal transverse vein
slightly oblique, slightly undulating, parted by less than its length

126 MUSCIDJE.

from the prsebrachial transverse vein, and from the border. Alulae
whitish. Abdomen pale testaceous, obconical, a little longer than the
thorax, with a slender interrupted brown stripe ; first segment with a
brown spot on each side ; second, third, and fourth segments with four
brown spots on each. Legs tawny ; tarsi black.
Not common. (E. S.)

22. vagans, Fal. Msc. 78. 93 (1810) ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett. Cine-
reo-cano-tomentosa, scutello concolore, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alis
subcinereis, venis infuscatis, abdomine subtessellato, pedibus fulvis,
tarsis nigris. Long. 3^ ; alar. 7 lin.

Black, with cinereous hoary tomentum. Head white. Thorax with
four black stripes; scutellum not tawny. Wing greyish; transverse
veins clouded with brown; cubital and prsebrachial veins diverging
from the prsebrachial transverse vein to the border ; discal transverse
vein oblique, undulating, parted by a little more than its length from
the praebrachial transverse vein, and by less than its length from the
border. Alulse white. Abdomen oval, slightly tessellated, very little
broader or longer than the thorax. Legs tawny; tarsi black; fore
femora black, with tawny tips.

Not common. (E.)

23. errans, Meig. Zw. v. 112. 50(1826); Mcq.; Zett. — erratica
var., Fal. Cano- (Mas) vel cinereo-(J?im.) tomentosa, thorace nigro-qua-
drivittato, scutello apicefulvo, alis cinereis, vena prcebrachiali transversa
non nebulosa, abdomine subtessellato, pedibus fulvis, tarsis et maris fe-
moribus anticis nigris. Long. 3^ ; alar. 7 lin.

Black. Head white. Thorax with four black stripes; scutellum
tawny towards the tip. Wings grey ; cubital and prsebrachial veins di-
verging from the unclouded prcebrachial transverse vein to the border ;
discal transverse vein oblique, undulating, clouded with brown, parted
by more than its length from the prsebrachial transverse vein, and by
much less than its length from the border. Alulse grey, with testa-
ceous borders. Abdomen oval, as long and as broad as the thorax,
slightly tessellated. Legs tawny ; tarsi black. Male, with hoary to-
mentum ; fore femora black with tawny tips. Fern., with cinereous to-
mentum.

Not rare. (E.)

24. signata, Meig. Zw. v. 113. 52 (1826) ; Mcq. ; Zett. Cinereo-
tomentosa, antennis basi pedibusque fulvis, thorace fusco-quadrivittato,
scutello apice testaceo, alis subcinereis, venis transversis fusco-nebulosis,
abdomine subtessellato, tarsis nigris. Long. 3 ; alar. 6 lin.

Black, with cinereous tomentum. Head hoary beneath. First and
second joints of the antenna tawny. Thorax with four brown stripes ;
scutellum testaceous towards the tip. Wings greyish; transverse veins
clouded with brown ; cubital and prsebrachial veins slightly diverging
from the prsebrachial transverse vein to the border ; discal transverse

ANTHOMYIA. 127

vein undulating, slightly oblique, parted by about its length from the
prsebrachial transverse vein, and by little more than half its length from
the border. Alulae whitish. Abdomen oval, slightly tessellated, a little
broader but not longer than the thorax. Legs tawny ; tarsi black.
Not rare. (E.)

25. effecta, n. Cinereo-tomentosa, thorace nigro-quadrivittato,
alis cinereis, vena praebrachiali transversa infuscata, abdomine ovato
niyro-sexmaculato, pedibus fulvis, femoribus anticis tarsisque nigris.
Long. 3 ; alar. 6 lin.

Male. Black, with cinereous tomentum. Head white. Thorax with
four black stripes. Wings grey ; cubital and prsebrachial veins slightly
diverging from the clouded praBbrachial transverse vein tc the border ;
discal transverse vein oblique, slightly undulating, parted by a little
less than its length from the praebrachial transverse vein, and by more
than half its length from the border. Alula? whitish, with pale testa-
ceous borders. Abdomen oval, as long and as broad as the thorax ;
first, second, and third segments with two black spots on each. Legs
tawny ; tarsi black ; fore femora black, with tawny tips.

Not common. (E.)

26. depuncta, Fal. Msc. 80. 98 (1810) ; Meig. ; Zett. Cinereo-
tomentosa, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alis cinereis, vena praebrachiali
transversa infuscata, abdomine longi-ovato nigro-quadrimaculato, pedibus
fulvis, femoribus anticis tarsisque nigris. Long. 3 ; alar. 6 lin.

Black, with cinereous tomentum. Head whitish. Thorax with four
black stripes. Wings grey; transverse veins slightly clouded with
brown ; cubital and praebrachial veins slightly diverging from the prae-
brachial transverse vein to the border ; discal transverse vein oblique,
undulating, parted by a little more than its length from the praebrachial
transverse vein, and by less than its length from the border. Alulae
white. Abdomen elongate oval, slightly tessellated, as long and as broad
as the thorax ; second and third segments with two Hack spots on each.
Legs tawny ; tarsi and fore femora black.

Not rare. (E.)

27. erratica, Fal. Msc. 77. 92 (1810); Meig.; Mcq.; Zett.
Cano-tomentosa, antennis basi scutello pedibusque fulvis, thorace nigro-
quadrivittato, alis subcinereis, abdomine tessellato, tarsis nigris. Long.
5 ; alar. 11 lin.

Black, with hoary tomentum. Head white in front and beneath ;
facialia and epistoma testaceous. First and second joints and base of
the third joint of the antennae tawny. Thorax with four black stripes ;
scutellum tawny. Wings greyish ; cubital and praebrachial veins di-
verging from the praebrachial transverse vein to near the border, where
they slightly converge ; discal transverse vein oblique, very undulating,
parted by more than its length from the praebrachial transverse vein,

128 MUSCID^E.

and by much less than its length from the border. Alulae whitish.
Abdomen oval, tessellated, shorter and broader than the thorax. Legs
tawny ; tarsi black.

Not common. (E. I.)

28. pagana, F. E. S. iv. 326. 61 (1792); Fal.; Meig. ; Mcq.;
Zett. Cinereo-tomentosa, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, scutello pedi-
busque fulvis, alls subcinereis basi fulvis, abdominis vitta dor sail tarsisque
nigris. Long. 3-4 ; alar. 6-8 lin.

Black, with cinereous tomentum. Head white in front. Thorax
with four blackish stripes. Scutellum tawny. Wings greyish, tawny
at the base; cubital and praebrachial veins slightly diverging from the
praebrachial transverse vein to the border; discal transverse vein ob-
lique, very slightly undulating, parted by a little more than its length
from the praebrachial transverse vein, and by more than half its length
from the border. Alulae whitish, with testaceous borders. Abdomen
oval, with a very slender black dorsal stripe, as long and as broad as the
thorax. Legs tawny ; tarsi black.

Common. (E. S. I.)

29. urbana, Meig. Zw. v. 118. 60 (1826) ; Mcq. ; Kelt.— Angelica
var. /3 rustica, Fal. Cano-tomentosa, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alis
subcinereis, abdomine subtessellato, pedibus fulvis, tarsis nigris. Long.
3i-4 ; alar. 7-8 lin.

Black, with hoary tomentum. Head white ; frontalia deep black.
Thorax with four black stripes. Wings greyish, slightly testaceous at
the base ; cubital and praebrachial veins slightly diverging from the
praebrachial vein to the border ; discal transverse vein oblique, very
slightly curved inward, parted by more than its length from the prae-
brachial transverse vein, and by much more than half its length from
the border. Alulae whitish, with testaceous borders. Abdomen oval,
with cinereous tomentum, slightly tessellated, a little shorter and broader
than the thorax. Legs tawny ; tarsi black.

Common. (E.)

30. Angelica:, Scop. E. C. 884 (1763) ; Fal. ; Meig. ; Ahr. ! Fn.
10. pi. 25; Zett. — deceptoria, Schr. ; Gmel. Cervino-tomentosa, tho-
race nigro-quadrivittato, alis subcinereis basi subtestaceis, abdomine vitta
dorsali nigra non tessellato, pedibus fulvis, tarsis nigris. Long. 3^-4 ;
alar. 7-8 lin.

Black, with fawn-coloured tomentum. Head white. Thorax with
four black stripes. Wings greyish, slightly testaceous at the base ; cubital
and praebrachial veins diverging from the praebrachial transverse vein
to the border ; discal transverse vein oblique, slightly undulating, parted
by much less than its length from the border. Alulae greyish, with
testaceous borders. Abdomen oval, with a black dorsal stripe, not tes-
sellated, a little broader but not longer than the thorax. Legs tawny ;

ANTHOMYIA. 129

tarsi black. Male. Discal transverse vein more undulating and nearer
to the praebrackial transverse vein than that of the female.
Common. (E. S. I.)

81. defecta, n. Cinereo-tomentosa, thorace fusco-quadrivittato,
alls limpidis, aldomine obconico vitta dorsali nigra non tessellato, pedibus
fulvis, tarsis nigris. Long. 3 ; alar. 6 lin.

Black, with cinereous tomentum. Head white. Epistoma slightly
prominent. Thorax with four brown stripes, the inner pair very slen-
der. Wings limpid; cubital and prabrachial veins slightly diverging
from the praBbrachial transverse vein to the border ; discal transverse
vein oblique, deeply undulating, parted by a little more than its length
from the prsebrachial transverse vein, and by more than half its length
from the border. Alula3 whitish. Abdomen obconical, with tawny
cinereous tomentum, and with a slender black dorsal stripe, not tessel-
lated, a little longer and narrower than the thorax. Legs tawny ; tarsi
black.

Not common. (E.)

32. impuncta, Fal. Msc. 79. 96 (1810); Meig. ; Mcq.; Zett.
Cervino-tomentosa, antennis basi runs, thorace fusco-quadrivittato, alis
subcinereis, abdomine non tessellato nee vittato, pedibus fulvis, tarsis
nigris. Long. 3-3^; alar. 6-7 lin.

Black, with fawn-coloured tomentum. Head white in front. First
and second joints of the antennas red. Thorax with four brown stripes.
Wings greyish ; cubital and prsebrachial veins diverging from the prse-
brachial transverse vein to the border ; discal transverse vein oblique,
slightly curved inward, parted by a little more than its length from the
prsebrachial transverse vein, and by much less than its length from the
border. Alulse whitish. Abdomen oval, not tessellated nor striped, not
broader and hardly longer the thorax. Legs tawny ; tarsi black.

Common. (E. S. I.)

33. extrema, n. Cinereo-tomentosa, thorace nigro-quadrivittato,
alis cinereis basi et antice subfuscis, abdomine nigro-quadrimaculato,
pedibus fulvis, femoribus posterioribus basi anticis totis tarsisque nigris.
Long. 3 ; alar. 6 lin.

Black, with cinereous tomentum. Head white. Thorax with four
black stripes. Wings grey, slightly brownish at the base and in front ;
cubital and pra?brachial veins very slightly diverging from the prsebra-
chial transverse vein to the border ; discal transverse vein oblique, un-
dulating, parted by about its length from the prsebrachial transverse
vein, and by much less than its length from the border. Alula3 grey,
with testaceous borders. Abdomen oval, hardly longer than the thorax ;
second and third segments with two black spots on each. Legs tawny ;
femora and tarsi black ; posterior femora more or less tawny towards
the tips.

Not common. (E.)

VOL. ii. s

130 MUSCID.E.

34. tetrastigma, Meig. Zw. v. 120. 66 (1826). Cano-tomentosa,
thorace nigro-quadrivittato, alls cinereis, venis tramversis infuscatis, ab-
domine longi-obconico cinereo-tomentoso nigro-quadrimaculato, pedibus
fulvis, femoribus anticis et tarsis nigris. Long. 3|-4 ; alar. 7-8 lin.

Black, with hoary tomentum. Head white. Thorax with four blackish
stripes. Wings grey ; transverse veins clouded with brown ; cubital and
prsebrachial veins slightly diverging from the preebrachial transverse
vein to the border ; discal transverse vein slightly oblique, a little curved
inward, parted by hardly its length from, the prsebrachial transverse
vein, and by much less than its length from the border. Alula3 white.
Abdomen long-obconical, with cinereous tomentum, a little longer and
narrower than the thorax ; second and third segments with two black
spots on each. Legs tawny ; tarsi and fore femora black.

Not common. (E.)

35. transiens, n. Obscure tomentosa, capite cano, alis fuscis,
abdomine nitente, pedibus obscure fulvis, tarsis nigris. Long. 2^ ; alar.
5 lin.

Black, with dark grey tomentum. Head hoary. Wings dark brown ;
cubital and prsebrachial veins slightly diverging from the prsebrachial
transverse vein to the border ; discal transverse vein slightly oblique,
nearly straight, parted by nearly its length from the prsebrachial trans-
verse vein, and by a little more than half its length from the border.
Alulse grey. Abdomen shining, nearly elliptical, a little longer but not
broader than the thorax. Legs dark tawny, slender, with very few
bristles ; tarsi black.

Not common. (E).

36. quadruxn, F. S. A. 297. 67 (1805); Meig.; Mcq. ; Zett.—
subpuncta, Fal. — dispar, Desv. Cinereo-tomentosa, thorace nigro-
quadrivittato, alis subcinereis, abdomine ovato nigro-quadrimaculato,
femoribus apice tibiisque runs. Long. 2|-3 ; alar. 5-6 lin.

Black, with pale cinereous tomentum. Head whitish. Thorax with
four blackish stripes. Wings greyish ; cubital and prsebrachial veins
slightly diverging from the prsebrachial transverse vein to the border ;
discal transverse vein slightly oblique, very slightly undulating, parted
by a little more than its length from the prsebrachial transverse vein,
and by a little less than its length from the border. Alulse white.
Abdomen oval, as long and as broad as the thorax ; second and third
segments with two black spots on each. Tibise and tips of the femora
red ; posterior femora red for one-fourth of the length from the tips.

Common. (E. S. I.)

37. impulsa, n. Pallide cinereo-tomentosa, thorace nigro-quadri-
vittato, alis subcinereis, venis transversis sat approximatis, abdomine longi-
ovato nigro-quadrimaculato, femoribus apice tibiisque runs. Long. 3 ;
alar. 6 lin.

Black, with pale cinereous tomentum. Head whitish. Thorax with

ANTHOMYIA. 131

four very slender blackish stripes. Wings greyish ; cubital and prse-
brachial veins slightly diverging from the praebrachial transverse vein
to the border ; discal transverse vein slightly oblique, very slightly un-
dulating, parted by much less than its length from the pr&brachial trans-
verse vein, and by hardly less than its length from the border. Alula?
white. Abdomen elongate-oval, a little longer than the thorax ; second
and third segments with two black spots on each. Posterior tibiae and
tips of posterior femora red.
Not rare. (E.)

38. repulsa, n. Pallide cinereo-tomentosa, thorace nigro-quadri-
vittato, alis subcinereis, venis transversis remotis, abdomine longi-ovato
vitta interrupta dorsali maculisque quatuor nigris, femoribus apice
tibiisque rufis. Long. 2^-3 ; alar. 5-6 lin.

Black, with pale cinereous tomentum. Head whitish. Thorax with
four blackish stripes. Wings greyish ; cubital and praebrachial veins
slightly diverging from the pra3brachial transverse vein to the border ;
discal transverse vein very slightly oblique, almost straight, parted by
nearly twice its length from the prcebrachial transverse vein, and by less
than its length from the border. Alulae white. Abdomen elongate-oval,
a little longer than the thorax, with an interrupted black dorsal stripe ;
second and third segments with two black spots on each. Tibiae and
femora towards the tips red.

Not rare. (E.)

39. depulsa, n. Cinereo-tomentosa, thorace nigro-quadrivittato,
alis subcinereis, abdomine obconico nigro-quadrimaculato, femoribus apice
tibiisque rufis. Long. 3 ; alar. 6 lin.

Black, with grey tomentum. Head white. Lateralia ferruginous.
Thorax with four black stripes. Wings greyish ; cubital and praebra-
chial veins slightly diverging from the praebrachial transverse vein to
the border ; discal transverse vein oblique, undulating, parted by a little
less than its length from the prcebrachial transverse vein, and by about its
length from tlie border. Alula? white. Abdomen obconical, very little
longer than the thorax ; third and fourth segments with two black spots
on each. Posterior tibiae and tips of posterior femora red.

•Not common. (E.)

40. supera, n. Cinereo-tomentosa, thorace fusco-quadrivittato,
alis subcinereis, abdomine obconico nigro-quadrimaculato, femoribus
apice tibiisque fulvis. Long. 4 ; alar. 8 lin.

Black, with cinereous tomentum. Head white beneath. Thorax
with four brown stripes, the outer pair much interrupted. Wings grey-
ish, with a slight testaceous tinge in front ; cubital and praebrachial
veins diverging from the praebrachial transverse vein to the border ;
discal transverse vein slightly oblique, more or less undulating, parted
by a little more tJian its length from the prcebrachial transverse vein, and
by less than its length from the border. Alulae white. Abdomen obco-

132 MUSCIDjE.

nical, a little longer than the thorax ; second and third segments with
two black spots on each. Legs black ; tibise and tips of femora tawny.
Male. Head white above ; eyes approximate, but not connected.
Not common. (E.)

41. tigrina, F. S. I. 444. 42 (1781) ; Zett. Cano-tomentpsa, tho-
race fusco-trivittato, alis subcinereis, abdomine longi-ovato nigro-sex-
maculato, femoribus apice tibiisque fulvis. Long. 2^ ; alar. 5 lin.

Black, with hoary tomentum. Head white in front and beneath ;
proboscis long; mouth shining, pointed. Thorax with three slender
brownish stripes. Wings slightly greyish ; cubital and prsebrachial
veins diverging from the prsebrachial transverse vein to the discal
transverse vein, hardly diverging from thence to the border ; discal
transverse vein slightly oblique, straight, parted by twice its length
from the prsebrachial transverse vein, and by a little less than its length
from the border. Alulae white. Abdomen elongate-oval, a little longer
than the thorax, with two black spots on each segment from the second
to the fourth. Tibia? and tips of femora tawny.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

42. anceps? Zett. D. S.iv. 1663. 28 (1845).— quadrum? Fal.—
meditata, var. /3? Fal. — subpuncta, var. /3 confinis? Fal. Cinereo-to-
mentosa, thorace fusco-quadrivittato, alis subcinereis, abdomine nigro-
quadrimaculato, tibiis rufescentibus. Long. 3 ; alar. 6 lin.

Black, with cinereous tomentum. Thorax with four brown stripes.
Wings greyish ; cubital and preebrachial veins very slightly diverging
from the prsebrachial transverse vein to the border ; discal transverse
vein oblique, hardly undulating, parted by more than its length from
the prsebrachial transverse vein, and by a little less than its length from
the border. Alulae whitish. Abdomen elliptical, a little longer than
the thorax ; second and third segments with two black spots on each.
Tibise reddish.

Not common. (E.)

43. infixa, n. Canescente-tomentosatthoracenigro-quadrimttato,^\^
subcinereis, abdomine cinereo-tomentoso nigro-quadrimaculato, tibiis
posterioribus ferrugineis. Long. 2f ; alar. 5 lin.

Black, with grey tomentum. Head white. Thorax with four slender
black stripes. Wings greyish ; cubital and praebrachial veins slightly
diverging from the praebrachial transverse vein to the border ; discal
transverse vein oblique, slightly undulating, parted by about its length
from the prsebrachial transverse vein, and by hardly less than its length
from the border. Alulse greyish. Abdomen long-obconical, with cine-
reous tomentum, not longer than the thorax ; second and third seg-
ments with two black spots on each. Posterior tibise ferruginous.

Not common. (E.)

44. collina, n. Fusco-cinereo-tomentosa, thorace nigro-quadrivit-

ANTHOMYIA. 133

tato, alls cinereis maris obscurioribus, abdomine nigro-quadrimaculato,
pedibus fulvis, tarsis nigris. Long. 2^-3 ; alar. 5-6 lin.

Black, with brownish-cinereous tomentum. Head white in front.
Thorax with four blackish stripes, the outer pair much interrupted.
Wings grey ; cubital and praebrachial veins slightly diverging from the
prsebrachial transverse vein to the border ; discal transverse vein nearly
upright, hardly undulating. Alulae greyish, with testaceous borders.
Abdomen a little longer than the thorax ; second and third segments
with two black spots on each. Legs tawny ; tarsi black. Male. Body,
wings, alulae, and legs darker than those of the female ; discal trans-
verse vein parted by about its length from the prsebrachial transverse
vein, and by less than its length from the border. Fern. Discal trans-
verse vein parted by much more than its length from the praebrachial
transverse vein, and by much less than its length from the border.

Common in summer on the hills by the upper part of Wharf-
dale. (E.)

45. cunctans, Meig. Zw. v. 133. 89 (1826). Atra, obscure
cinereo-tomentosa, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, abdomine ovato, vitta
interrupta dorsali nigra; Mas, alis fuscis, margine postico cinereo;
Fcem. alis limpidis. Long. 2^-3 ; alar. 5-6 Ihi.

Deep black, with dark grey tomentum. Head silvery-white. Sixth
joint of the antennae pubescent. Thorax with four black stripes. Cu-
bital and prsebrachial veins diverging from the prsebrachial transverse
vein until some distance beyond the discal transverse vein, whence they
slightly converge to the border ; discal transverse vein oblique, slightly
undulating, parted by about its length from the praebrachial transverse
vein, and by hardly half its length from the border. Alulae whitish.
Abdomen oval, as long and as broad as the thorax, with an interrupted
black dorsal stripe. Male. Wings brown, greyish along the hind bor-
der. Fore femora with a tooth beneath towards the tips. Fore tibia3
notched beneath towards the base. Fern. Wings limpid.

Common. (E.)

46. subsecuta, n. Cinereo-tomentosa, alis cinereis basi fulvis;
Mas, vena discali transversa recta, thorace nigro-quadrivittato, abdo-
mine ovato subtessellato vitta dorsali nigra; Fcem. frontalibus piceis,
thorace fusco-quadrivittato, abdomine fusiformi. Long. 3-3^; alar.
6-7 lin.

Black. Wings grey, tawny at tJie base ; cubital and praebrachial veins
very slightly diverging from the praebrachial transverse vein to half the
length between the discal transverse vein and the border, almost pa-
rallel from thence to the border. Male with dark grey tomentum.
Head hoary. Thorax with four indistinct black stripes. Discal trans-
verse vein oblique, straight, parted by a little more than its length from
the prsebrachial transverse vein, and by hardly half its length from the
border. Alulae grey, with testaceous borders. Abdomen oval, slightly

134

tessellated, a little broader but not longer than the thorax; dorsal
stripe black. Fern, with cinereous tomentum. Head white in front ;
frontalia piceous. Thorax with four indistinct brown stripes. Cubital
and prsebrachial veins slightly diverging from the prsebrachial trans-
verse vein to the border ; discal transverse vein slightly oblique, parted
by much more than its length from the prsebrachial transverse vein, and
by a little less than its length from the border. Alulse whitish, with
pale testaceous borders. Abdomen fusiform, a little longer than the
thorax.

Common. (E.)

47. allecta, n. Mas, cinereo-tomentosa, pilosissima, thorace nigro-
quinquevittato, metathorace cano, alls subcinereis basi subfulvis, vena
discali transversa valde incurva, abdomine lineari vitta dorsali nigra.
Long. 3 ; alar. 6 lin.

Black, very hairy, with dark grey tomentum. Thorax with five
blackish stripes ; metathorax hoary. Wings very slightly greyish, with
a tawny tinge at the base; cubital and prsebrachial veins diverging
from the praebrachial transverse vein to nearly opposite the end of the
radial vein, where the cubital slightly converges towards the prsebra-
chial; discal transverse vein oblique, much curved inward, parted by
more than its length from the prsebrachial transverse vein, and by
much less than its length from the border. Alulse whitish. Abdomen
linear, with a black dorsal stripe, narrower but hardly longer than the
thorax.

Not common. (E.)

48. inconfessa, n. Cinereo-tomentosa, frontalibus antice rufis,
thorace fusco-quadrivittato, alis subcinereis, abdomine fusiformi vitta
dorsali nigra. Long. 2^ ; alar. 5 lin.

Black, with cinereous tomentum. Head whitish in front ; frontalia
red towards the antennse. Thorax with four brown stripes. Wings
greyish ; cubital and prsebrachial veins diverging from the prsebrachial
transverse vein to the discal transverse vein, parallel from thence to
the border ; discal transverse vein curved inward, parted by nearly
twice its length from the prsebrachial transverse vein, and by a little
less than its length from the border. Alulae whitish, with pale testa-
ceous borders. Abdomen fusiform, with a black dorsal stripe, a little
longer and narrower than the thorax.

Not rare. (E.)

49. conica, Wied. Z. M. I. 79. 29 (1816); Fal.; Meig.; Ahrens!
Fn. 10. pi. 23 ; Mcq. ; Zett. Cinereo-tomentosa, angusta, thorace
fusco-quadrivittato lateribus cams, alis cinereis, abdomine longi-obconico
cinereo-cano, tibiis ferrngiiieis. Long. 3-4 ; alar. 6-8 lin.

Black, long and narrow, with cinereous tomentum. Head white.
Thorax with four brown stripes, hoary on each side. Wings grey ; cu-
bital and prsebrachial veins diverging slightly from the prsebrachial

ANTHOMYIA. 135

transverse vein to the border ; discal transverse vein very oblique and
undulating, parted by hardly more than its length from the prsebra-
chial transverse vein, and by much less than its length from the border.
Alulae greyish, with testaceous borders. Abdomen long obconical,
cinereous-hoary, a little longer and narrower than the thorax, with a
black dorsal stripe, which tapers from the base to the tip ; tibiae ferru-
ginous.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

50. subtracta, n. Cinereo-cano-tomentosa, thorace nigro-quadri-
vittato, alis subcinereis, abdomine ovato, tibiis fulvis. Long. 3 ; alar.
61in.

Black, with cinereous-hoary tomentum. Head whitish in front and
beneath. Thorax with four slender blackish stripes. Wings greyish ;
cubital and praebrachial veins diverging from the praebrachial transverse
vein to the discal transverse vein, hardly diverging from thence to the
border. Alulae whitish; discal transverse vein slightly oblique, very
slightly undulating, parted by a little more than its length from the prae-
brachial transverse vein, and by a little less than its length from the
border. Alulae whitish. Abdomen oval, not longer nor broader than
the thorax. Tibia? tawny.

Not common. (E.)

51. absens, n. Cinereo-tomentosa, thorace nigro-trivittato, late-
ribus canis, alis subcinereis, vena praebrachiali transversa nulla, abdomine
longi-ovato maculis quatuor later alibus pallidis, vitta dorsali et segmen-
torum marginibus posticis nigris, tibiis ferrugineis. Long. 3; alar.
6 lin.

Black, with cinereous tomentum. Head white. Thorax with three
black stripes, hoary on each side. Wings greyish, with no praebrachial
transverse vein ; cubital and praebrachial veins diverging slightly to the
border ; discal transverse vein oblique, deeply undulating, parted by
more than half its length from the border. Alulae whitish. Abdomen
elongate-oval, a little longer than the thorax, with a large pale semi-dia-
phanous spot on each side of the second and of the third segments ; dorsal
stripe and borders of segments black ; tibiae ferruginous.

Not common. (E.)

52. pluvialis, L. Fii. 1844 (1761); F.; Gmel.; Schr.; Latr.;
Fal; Meig.; Mcq.; Zett.— litus, Harr. — Geoffr. ; D.Gr. Albido-tomen-
tosa, thorace abdomineque nigro-maculatis, alis sublimpidis. Long. 2-3 ;
alar. 4-6 lin.

Black, with whitish tomentum. Head white. Epistoma prominent ;
sixth joint of the antennas very minutely pubescent. Thorax with seven
black spots, two in front, three in the middle, and two on the scutellum.
Wings nearly limpid ; cubital and praebrachial veins slightly diverging
along three-fourths of the length from the praebrachial transverse vein,
slightly converging from thence to the border ; discal transverse vein

136 MUSCIDJE.

oblique, slightly undulating, parted by about half its length from the
border. Alula? white. Abdomen as long as the thorax, with two
black spots on the first segment, and three on each of the folloioing
segments to the fourth. Male. .Discal transverse vein parted by its
length from the prasbrachial transverse vein. Abdomen linear. Fern.
Discal transverse vein parted by rather more than its length from the
prasbrachial transverse vein. Abdomen elliptical.
Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

53. canicularis, L.Fn. 1841 (1761); F. ; Gmel. ; Schr. ; Fal. ;
Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett. Cinereo-tomentosa, thorace fusco-quadrivittato,
alis subcinereis, abdomine fusiformi lateribus basi testaceo-semipellucidis.
Long. 2^-3 ; alar. 5-6 lin.

Black, with cinereous tomentum. Head silvery white ; sixth joint
of the antennae very minutely pubescent. Thorax with four brown
stripes. Wings greyish ; cubital and prasbrachial veins slightly diverg-
ing along three-fourths of the length from the praebrachial transverse
vein, and thence very slightly converging to the border ; discal trans-
verse vein slightly oblique, curved inward in the middle, parted by a
little less than its length from the prasbrachial transverse vein, and by
about half its length from the border. A Mas whitish. Abdomen sub-
fusiform, testaceous and semi-diaphanous towards the base, with the ex-
ception of a dorsal stripe which is dilated on the hind borders of the
second and third segments.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

54. elapsa, n. Cinereo-tomentosa, thorace fusco-quadrivitiato, alis
sublimpidis, abdomine ovato teneo-cinereo. Long. 3 ; alar. 6 lin.

Black, with pale cinereous tomentum. Head white in front and
beneath. Thorax with four slender indistinct brownish stripes. Wings
nearly limpid ; cubital and prasbrachial veins diverging from the pras-
brachial transverse vein to the discal transverse vein, from whence to
the border they are nearly parallel, but the cubital is very slightly
curved ; discal transverse vein slightly oblique, hardly curved inward,
parted by very much more than its length from the prasbrachial trans-
verse vein, and by more than half its length from the border. Alulae
slightly greyish, with testaceous borders. Abdomen oval, with a slight
teneous tinge, a little broader and longer than the thorax.

Not common. (E.)

55. desulans, n. Cano-tomentosa, thorace nigro-quadrimttato^
alis subcinereis, abdomine ovato. Long. 3 ; alar. 6 lin.

Black, with hoary tomentum. Head white ; frontalia deep black ;
sixth joint of the antennas pubescent. Thorax with four blackish stripes.
Wings slightly grey ; cubital and prasbrachial veins slightly diverging
from the prasbrachial transverse vein to the border ; discal transverse
vein slightly oblique, hardly curved inward, parted by much more than
its length from the prasbrachial transverse vein, and by much less than

ANTHOMYIA. 137

its length from the border. Alulae whitish, with pale testaceous
borders. Abdomen oval, not longer than the thorax.
Not common. (E.)

56. radicum, L. Fn. 1840 (1761); F. ; Fal.; Meig.; Mcq.; Zett.
— Napobrassica, Bjerkander. — Brassiest Wied. Mas, cinereo-tomentosa,
thorace non vittato, alis cinereis, abdomine subelliptico mtta lata dorsali
nigra. Long. 2^-3 ; alar. 5-6 lin.

Male. Black, with dark grey tomentum. Sixth joint bare. Thorax
not striped. Wings grey; cubital and praebrachial veins slightly di-
verging from the praebrachial transverse vein to half their length beyond
the discal transverse vein, whence they slightly converge to the border ;
discal transverse vein very slightly oblique, almost straight, parted by
nearly its length from the prsehrachial transverse vein, and by nearly
half its length from the border. Alulae whitish. Abdomen subelliptical,
with a broad black dorsal stripe, a little longer than the thorax.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

57. defixa, n. Nigro-cinereo-tomentosa, alis subcinereis, thorace
ahdomineque non vittatis. Long. 2^ ; alar. 5 lin.

Black, with dark cinereous tomentum. Thorax and abdomen not
striped. Wings slightly grey ; cubital and prsebrachial veins slightly
diverging from the prsebrachial transverse vein to the discal transverse
vein, almost parallel from thence to the border ; discal transverse vein
nearly upright, hardly undulating, parted by very much more than its
length from the prsebrachial transverse vein, and by hardly more than
half its length from the border. Alulae slightly greyish, with pale tes-
taceous borders. Abdomen oval, a little longer than the thorax.

Not common. (E.)

58. varia, Meig. Zw. v. 187. 182 (1826). Glaucescente-tomentosa,
alis limpidis, abdomine fusiformi, pedibus testaceis, tarsis nigris. Long.
2 ; alar. 4 lin.

BlacJcy with glaucous whitish tomentum. Head white ; frontalia black-
ish. Sixth joint of the antennae very minutely pubescent. Wings lim-
pid ; cubital and prsebrachial veins slightly diverging from the praebra-
chial transverse vein to the discal transverse vein, almost parallel from
thence to the border ; discal transverse vein nearly upright, hardly un-
dulating, parted by much more than its length from the discal trans-
verse vein, and by a little more than its length from the border. Alulae
whitish. Abdomen fusiform, a little longer than the thorax. Legs
testaceous; tarsi black.

Not rare. (E.)

59. fu tills, n. Fulva, capite supra antennisque apice nigris, alis
subcinereis basi et antice subluridis, abdomine ovato, tarsis nigris.
Long. 4 ; alar. 8 lin.

Tawny, testaceous beneath. Head black above. Palpi testaceous.

VOL. II. T

138 MUSCID.E.

Antennae black ; first and second joints tawny ; sixth pubescent. Wings
greyish, with a lurid tinge at the base and in front ; cubital and pra3-
brachial veins slightly diverging for about two-thirds of the length from
the praebrachial transverse vein, nearly parallel from thence to the bor-
der; discal transverse vein slightly oblique, very slightly undulating,
parted by a little more than its length from the praebrachial transverse
vein, and by much less than its length from the border. Alulae limpid,
with testaceous borders. Abdomen oval, not longer than the thorax.
Legs pale tawny ; tarsi black.
Not common. (E.)

60. pullula, Zett. D. S. iv. 1449. 60 (1845).— longula, Meig. ;
Mcq. Fcem. pallide cinereo-tomentosa, thorace fusco-quinquevittato,
alls subcinereis venis tramversis infnscatis, abdomine ovato vitta dorsali
interrupta nigra, tibiis nigris. Long. 2£ ; alar. 4| lin.

Black, with pale cinereous tomentum. Head white in front and
beneath. Thorax with five brown stripes, the outer pair indistinct.
Things slightly grey ; transverse vein clouded with brown; cubital and
praebrachial veins slightly diverging from the prsebrachial transverse
vein to the discal transverse vein, almost parallel from thence to the
border; discal transverse vein very slightly oblique, almost straight,
parted by nearly twice its length from the preebrachial transverse vein,
and by a little less than its length from the border. Alulae whitish.
Abdomen oval, with an interrupted black dorsal stripe, as long as the
thorax. Tibia black.

Not common. (E.)

61. flavipennis, Fal. Msc. 59. 52 (1823); Zett.— crassirostris,
Meig.; Mcq. Mas, nigro-cinereo-subtomentosa, nitens, capite antice
albo, thorace nigro-trivittato, alia subcinereis bosi et antice subluteis, ab-
domine lineari. Long. 2^-3 ; alar. 5-6 lin.

Black, shining, with very little dark grey tomentum. Head white
in front. Sixth joint of the antennas with long hairs. Thorax with
three black stripes. Wings greyish, slightly luteous at the base and in
front; veins luteous, with black tips; cubital and praBbrachial veins
diverging from the praebrachial transverse vein to the discal transverse
vein, parallel from thence to the border ; discal transverse vein straight,
nearly upright, parted by more than twice its length from the praebra-
chial transverse vein, and by less than its length from the border. Alube
whitish. Abdomen linear, narrower and longer than the thorax.

Common on the hills by the upper part of Wharfdale.

62. coarctata, Fal. Msc. 84. 108 (1810); Meig.; Mcq.; Zett.
Pallide cinereo-fulvo-tomentosa, thorace vittis tribus indistiuctis obscu-
rioribus, alia subfulvis apice subcinereis, abdomine gracillimo, tibiis fer-
rugineis. Long. 3 ; alar. 6 lin.

Black, with pale cinereous fawn-coloured tomentum. Head white.
Thorax with three indistinct slightly darker stripes. Wings greyish,

ANTHOMYIA. 139

with a tawny tinge for half the length from the base ; cubital and prse-
brachial veins slightly diverging from the praebrachial transverse vein
to the border ; discal transverse vein slightly oblique, a little curved
inward, parted by a little more than its length from the praebrachial
transverse vein, and by more than half its length from the border.
Alula3 whitish. Abdomen linear, very slender, longer and much nar-
rower than the thorax. Tib'ue ferruginous.
Common near Darenth Wood, in Kent.

63. praepotens, Weid. Z. M. I. 83. 36 (1816); FaL; Meig. ;
Mcq. ; Zett. Nigra, cinereo-tomentosa, thorace fusco-trivittato, late-
ribus et metathorace canis, alls cinereis vixfuscescentibus, abdomine longi-
obconico, vitta dorsali et segmentorum marginibus nigris, pedibus fulvis,
tarsis nigris. Long. 3-4 ; alar. 6-8 lin.

Black, with cinereous tomentum. Head white. Sixth joint of the
antennae with long hairs. Thorax with three brown stripes ; sides and
metathorax hoary. Wings grey, with a slight brownish tint; cubital
and praebrachial veins slightly diverging from the praebrachial transverse
vein to the border ; discal transverse vein oblique, undulating, with the
hinder curve much deeper than the fore curve, parted by a little more
than its length from the praebrachial transverse vein, and by full half
its length from the border. Alulae whitish. Abdomen long-obconical,
longer and a little narrower than the thorax ; dorsal stripe and borders
of segments blackish. Legs tawny ; tarsi black. Fern. Frontalia bright
red in front ; lateralia tawny.

Common. (E. S.)

64. ferrugineo-vittata, Zett. D. S. iv. 1703. 76 (1845). Fcem.
albido-cinereo-tomentosa, capite albo, frontalibus rufis, thorace obsolete
trivittato, alls sublimpidis antice subluridis, abdomine subfusiformi ob-
solete vittato, pedibus fulvis, tarsis nigris. Long. 3-3| ; alar. 6-7 lin.

Black, with whitish-cinereous tomentum. Head white; frontalia
bright red ; lateralia ferruginous. Thorax with three indistinct slightly
darker stripes. Wings nearly limpid, with a slight lurid tinge in front ;
cubital and praebrachial veins slightly diverging from the praebrachial
transverse vein to nearly opposite the end of the radial vein, from whence
to the border the cubital slightly converges towards the praebrachial ;
discal transverse vein slightly oblique, very slightly curved inward,
parted by very much more than its length from the praebrachial trans-
verse vein, and by much more than half its length from the border.
Alulae whitish. Abdomen subfusiform, with an indistinct dark dorsal
stripe, hardly longer than the thorax. Legs tawny ; tarsi black.

Common near Darenth. Wood, in Kent.

65. tempta, n. Canescente-tomentosa, thorace fusco-quadrivittato,
alis subciuereis, abdomine obconico, pedibus validis. Long. 3^ ; alar.
7 lin.

140 MUSCID^E.

Black, with grey tomentum. Head whitish ; frontalia tawny towards
the antennae. Thorax with four brown stripes. Wings slightly grey ;
cubital and prsebrachial veins diverging from the prsebraehial transverse
vein to the discal transverse vein, parallel from thence to the border ;
discal transverse vein slightly oblique, a little bent inward, parted by
almost twice its length from the prsebrachial transverse vein, and by a
little less than its length from the border. Alula3 white. Abdomen
obconical, not longer than the thorax.

Not common. (E.)

66. ciliata, F. E. S. iv. 333. 87 (1792); Meig.; T&cq.—spinipes,
Fal. ; Zett. — bimaculata, Meig. Nigro-cserulea, nitens, capite albo,
frontalibus pedibusque nigris, humeris abdominisque fasciis interrupts
albo-tomentosis, alis limpidis. Long. 2^-3 ; alar. 5-6 lin.

Bluish-black, shining. Head white in front. Sixth joint minutely
pubescent. Wings limpid ; cubital and prsebrachial veins diverging
from the praebrachial transverse vein to a little beyond the discal trans-
verse vein, almost parallel from thence to the border ; discal transverse
vein very slightly oblique, undulating, parted by about half its length
from the border. Alula? greyish, with tawny borders. Abdomen oval,
not longer than the thorax. Male. Discal transverse vein parted by
nearly its length from the prsebrachial transverse vein. Fern. Frontalia
deep black ; discal transverse vein parted by much more than its length
from the prsebrachial transverse vein.

Not rare. (E. S. I.)

67. humilis, Meig. Zw. v. 220. 23 (1826); Zett. Fcem. cano-
tomentosa, capite et antennarum articulo secundo albidis, alis sublim-
pidis, abdominis set/mentis fusco-trimaculatis, pedibus piceis, tarsis nigris.
Long. 1-1 i ; alar. 2-3 lin.

Black, with hoary tomentum. Head whitish. Second joint of the
antennae whitish above. Wings nearly limpid ; cubital and praebrachial
veins diverging from the praebrachial transverse vein to the discal trans-
verse vein, hardly diverging from thence to the border ; discal trans-
verse vein very slightly oblique, slightly undulating, parted by more
than its length from the praebrachial transverse vein, and by more than
half its length from the border. Alulae whitish. Abdomen elongate-
oval, a little longer than the thorax ; segments with three brown spots on
each. Legs piceous ; tarsi black.

Not rare. (E.)

68. sepia, Meig. Zw. v. 152. 121 (1826); Mcq. ; Zett. Mas,
atra, capite albo, alis fuscis, halteribus flavis, abdomine nigro-cinereo
sublineari mtta dorsali nigra. Long. If- 2 ; alar. 3^-4 lin.

Deep black. Head white. Wings brown ; cubital and prsebrachial
veins slightly diverging from the prsebrachial transverse vein to a little
beyond the discal transverse vein, parallel from thence to the border ;
discal transverse vein slightly oblique, hardly curved inward, parted by

ANTHOMYIA. 141

a little more than its length from the praebrachial transverse vein, and
by more than half its length from the border. Alulae whitish. Hal-
teres yellow. Abdomen greyish-black, sublinear, longer than the tho-
rax, with a black dorsal stripe.
Not rare. (E.)

69. decrepita? Zett. D. S. iv. 1454. 65 (1845). Fcem. cinereo-
tomentosa, frontalibus atris, thorace fusco-trimttato lateribus canis, alis
cinereis basi et antice subluridis, abdomine subfusiformi non mttato.
Long. 3 ; alar. 6 lin.

Black, with cinereous tomentum. Head white; frontalia broad,
deep black. Sixth joint of the antennae pubescent. Thorax with three
brown stripes, hoary on each side. Wings grey, with a lurid tinge at
the base and in front ; cubital and praebrachial veins slightly diverging
from the praebrachial transverse vein to the border; discal transverse
vein very slightly oblique, hardly curved inward, parted by very much
more than its length from the praebrachial transverse vein, and by much
less than its length from the border. Alulae whitish. Abdomen sub-
fusiform, longer than the thorax, not striped.

Not common. (E.)

70. bruxmeilinea ? Zett. D. S. iv. 1448. 58 (1845). Fcem. ci-
nereo-cano-tomentosa, capite albido, frontalibus atris antice rufis, tho-
race fusco-quinquevittato, alis fulvo-subcinereis, abdomine longi-ovato non
mttato. Long. 2£; alar. 5 lin.

Black, with cinereous hoary tomentum. Head whitish; frontalia
broad, deep black, more or less bright red in front. Sixth joint of the
antennae pubescent. Thorax with jive slender pale brown stripes. Wings
greyish, with a slight tawny tinge at the base and in front ; cubital and
praebrachial veins diverging from the praebrachial transverse vein to the
discal transverse vein, almost parallel from thence to the border ; discal
transverse vein oblique, almost straight, parted by very much more than
its length from the praebrachial transverse vein, and by more than half
its length from the border. Alulae -whitish. Abdomen elongate-oval,
hardly longer than the thorax, not striped.

Not rare. (E.)

71. varicolor, Meig. Zw. v. 167. 146 (1826). Canescente-to-
nientosa, capite albo, frontalibus antice rufis, thorace vittis tribus indis-
tinctis obscurioribus, alis lurido-subfuscis, abdominis mtta dorsali niara.
Long. 2^-3 ; alar. 6 lin.

Black, with grey tomentum. Head white; frontalia red in front.
Sixth joint of the antennae very minutely pubescent. Thorax with three
indistinct darker stripes. Wings brownish, with a lurid tinge ; cubital
and prsebrachial veins slightly diverging from the praebrachial transverse
vein to the discal transverse vein, parallel from thence to the border ;
discal transverse vein slightly oblique, straight, parted by much more
than its length from the praebrachial transverse vein, and by more than

142 MUSCID^E.

half its length from the border. Alulae pale. Abdomen icith a Hack
dorsal stripe, a little longer than the thorax, Male. Abdomen linear.
Fern. Abdomen fusiform.
Not rare. (E.)

72. incisurata, Zett. I. L. 679. 79 (1840), mas ; Zett. D. S. mas
et focm. — impura, Zett. I. L. fcem, Mas, obscure canescente-tomen-
tosa, capite albo, thorace nigro-trivittato, alls subcinereis, abdomine sub-
fusiformi vix thoracis longitudinet vitta dorsali et seymentorum maryinibus
nigris. Long. 2^; alar. 5 lin.

Black, with grey tomentum. Head white. Sixth joint of the an-
tennae pubescent. Thorax with three black stripes. JFinys greyish;
cubital and prsebrachial veins diverging from the prsebrachial transverse
vein to the discal transverse vein, parallel to half the length between
the latter and the border, where the cubital is slightly inclined towards
the prsebrachial ; discal transverse vein very oblique, hardly undulating,
parted by about its length from the praebrachial transverse vein, and by
full half its length from the border. Alulse whitish. Abdomen nearly
fusiform, hardly so long as the thorax ; dorsal stripe and borders of seg-
ments black.

Common. (E.)

73. floralis, Fal. Msc. 71. 76 (1810) ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett. Ca-
nescente-tomentosa, capite albo, thorace nigro-trivittato lateribus albidis,
alls subcinereis, abdomine longi-ovato thorace longiore, vitta dorsali lata
et segmentorum marginibns niyris. Long. 3 ; alar. 6 lin.

Black, with grey tomentum. liead white. Sixth joint of the an-
tennaa pubescent. Thorax with three black stripes, whitish on each
side. Wings greyish ; cubital and precbrachial veins very slightly di-
verging from the prsebrachial transverse vein to beyond the discal trans-
verse vein, from thence to the border the cubital is slightly inclined
towards the prsebrachial ; discal transverse vein oblique, very slightly
undulating, parted by much more than its length from the prcebrachial
transverse vein, and by much less than its length from the border.
Alulse white. Abdomen long obconical, longer and narrower than the
thorax j a broad dorsal stripe and borders of the segments black.

Common. (E.)

74. compnncta, Wied. Z. M. I. 80. 30; Meig.; Mcq.; Zett.
Subfusco-cinereo-tomentosa, capite albo, alis subfusco-cinereis, abdo-
mine vitta dorsali rnaculisque quatuor nigris, tibiis ferrugineis. Long.
3 ; alar. 6 lin.

Black, with brownish-cinereous tomentum. Head white. Sixth
joint of the antennae very minutely pubescent. Wings brownish-grey ;
cubital and prsebrachial veins slightly converging from the prsebrachial
transverse vein to some distance beyond the discal transverse vein, very
slightly converging from thence to the border ; discal transverse vein
very slightly oblique, almost straight, parted by nearly its length from

ANTHOMYIA. 14-3

the prsebrachial transverse vein, and by much less than its length from
the border. Abdomen tapering, a little longer and narrower than the
thorax, with a black dorsal stripe ; second and third segments with two
black spots on each. Tibia3 ferruginous.
Not rare. (E.)

75. stricta, n. Nigro-piceo-tomentosa, capite albo, alis cinereis,
pedibus piceis, tarsis nigris ; Mas, abdomine fusiformi ; Fcem. abdomine
obconico acuminato. Long. 1-li ; alar. 2-2^ lin.

Piceous-black. Head white. Sixth joint of the antenna minutely
pubescent. Wings grey ; cubital and pra3brachial veins diverging from
the prsebrachial transverse vein to the discal transverse vein, parallel
from thence to the border ; discal transverse vein straight, nearly up-
right, parted by much more than its length from the prsebrachial trans-
verse vein, and by a little less than its length from the border. Alulae
whitish, very small. Abdomen a little longer than the thorax. Legs
piceous ; tarsi black. Male. Abdomen fusiform. Fern. Abdomen ob-
conical, acuminated.

Not common. (E.)

76. mollicula, Eal. Msc. 90. 126 (1825) ; Zett.—nemoralis, Meig. ;
Mcq. Albido-tomentosa, capite albo, antennis articulo tertio testaceo,
thorace fusco-bivittato, alis limpidis, abdomine jtedibusque testaceis,
tarsis nigris. Long. l|-2 ; alar. 3-4 lin.

Black, with whitish tomentum. Head white; frontalia blackish.
Antennas black ; third joint testaceous ; sixth very minutely pubescent.
Thorax with two brown stripes. Wings limpid ; cubital and prsebra-
chial veins slightly diverging from the prsebrachial transverse vein, to
the discal transverse vein, parallel from thence to the border; discal
transverse vein nearly upright, straight, parted by nearly twice its length
from the prsebrachial transverse vein and from the border. Alulse
white. Abdomen testaceous , a little longer than the thorax. Legs tes-
taceous ; tarsi black. Male. Abdomen linear. Fern. Third joint of
the antennas brown towards the tip. Abdomen fusiform.

Common near Darenth, in Kent.

77. fungorum, D. G. ! Ins. vi. 42. 18. pi. 5. f. 1-7 (1752) ; Fal. ;
Meig. ; Zett. Canescente-tomentosa, capite argenteo, thorace vittis
quatuor indistinctis nigricantibus, scutelli apice ferrugineo, alis cinereis
basi flams, abdomine depresso pedibusque fulvis, tibiis anticis piceis, tarsis
nigris. Long. 4 ; alar. 8 lin.

Black, with grey tomentum. Head silvery- white. Sixth joint of
the antennas very minutely pubescent. Thorax with four indistinct
blackish stripes. Scutellum ferruginous at the tip and beneath. Wings
grey, yellow at the base ; cubital and prsebrachial veins diverging from
the prsebrachial transverse vein to the discal transverse vein, parallel
from thence till near the border, where the cubital converges towards
the prsebrachial ; discal transverse vein oblique, slightly undulating,

144 MUSCIDjE.

parted by a little more than its length from the praebrachial transverse
vein, and by less than half its length from the border. Alulae whitish,
with testaceous borders. Abdomen tawny, fusiform, depressed, a little
longer than the thorax. Legs tawny ; tarsi black; fore femora dark
tawny ; fore tibiae piceous.
Not common. (E.)

78. mitis, Meig. Zw. v. 183. 173 (1826); Mcq.; Zett. Cano-
tomentosa, frontalibus runs, palpis aldomine convexo pedibusque fulvis,
antennis basi ferrugineis, thorace subvittato, alls subcinereis basi et antice
subluridis, tarsis nigris. Long. 2^-3 ; alar. 5-6 lin.

Black, with hoary tomentum. Head white ; frontalia red ; lateralia
ferruginous ; palpi tawny. First and second joints of the antenna fer-
ruginous ; sixth very minutely pubescent. Thorax indistinctly striped.
Wings greyish, with a slight lurid tinge at the base and in front ; cubital
and praebrachial veins slightly diverging from the praebrachial transverse
vein to the discal transverse vein, nearly parallel from thence to the
border ; discal transverse vein nearly upright, almost straight, parted
by very much more than its length from the praebrachial transverse vein,
and by a little more than half its length from the border. Alulae whitish.
Abdomen tawny, convex, a little longer than the thorax. Legs tawny ;
tarsi black. Male. Abdomen linear. Fore femora black, with tawny
tips. Fern. Palpi with black tips. Abdomen fusiform.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

79. fulgens, Meig. Zw. v. 183. 172 (1826). Canescente-tomen-
tosa, palpis fulvis apice nigris, scutelli apice pedibusque fulvis, alls
lurido-fuscis, abdomine fulvo lineari apice segmentorum marginibus et
tarsis nigris. Long. 3 ; alar. 6 lin.

Black, with grey tomentum. Lateralia ferruginous. Palpi tawny,
with black tips. Sixth joint of the antennae very minutely pubescent.
Scutellum tawny towards the tip. Wings lurid brown; cubital and
praebrachial veins slightly diverging from the prsebrachial transverse
vein to the discal transverse vein, nearly parallel from thence to the
border, near which the cubital slightly converges towards the praebra-
chial; discal transverse vein oblique, almost straight, parted by its
length from the praebrachial transverse vein, and by little more than
half its length from the border. Alulae brown. Abdomen tawny, linear,
very hairy, a little longer and narrower than the thorax ; borders of
segments black. Legs tawny, slender ; tarsi black.

Not common. (E.)

80. ornata, Meig. Zw. v. 191. 188 (1826), mas. Nigra, capite
albido ; Mas, alis fusco-cinereis, abdomine testaceo longi-ovato apice ni-
gro segmentorum marginibus nigricantibus. Long. 2 ; alar. 4 lin.

Black. Head whitish. Wings grey, brownish in front and along the
veins ; cubital and prsebrachial veins slightly diverging from the prae-
brachial transverse vein to the border ; discal transverse vein oblique,

ANTHOMYIA.

145

straight, parted by a little more than its length from the praebrachial
transverse vein, and by a little less than its length from the border.
Alula3 whitish. Abdomen testaceousy elongate-oval, black towards the
tip ; borders of the segments blackish.
Not common. (E.)

The following additional species of Anthomyia, etc., have been
recorded as British : —

ANTHOMYIA.

1. lugubris, Meig.

2. umbratica, Meig.

3. obscurata, Meig.

4. notata, Fal.

5. maculosa, Meig.

6. hilaris, Fal.

7. albiceps, Meig.

8. virginea, Meig.

9. variata, Fal.

10. sociata, J/i?^.

11. divisa, Meig.

12. ffiqualis, Meig.

13. cinerella, .F<z£.

14. ruralis, Meig.

15. Cardui, J/^.

16. an cilia, Meig.

17. semicinerea, Wied.

18. denigrata, Jf^r.

19. asella, Meig.

20. nigrita, M.

21. signata, Meig.

22. perdita, Meig.

23. variegata, J/<?^.

24. separata, Meig.

25. modesta, ^PZerf.

26. pertusa, Meig.

27. strenua, Meig.

28. sericata, Jf<%.

29. strigosa, F.

30. nigrimana, .Mby.

31. irritans, Fal.

32. bidens, Wied.

33. palsestrica, Jfe^r.

34. militaris, Meig.

35. meteorica, X.

36. annipes, Fal.

37. armata, Meig.

VOL. II.

38. manicata, Meig.

39. lepida, #«.

40. scalaris, F.

41. bland a, ^/<?z^.

42. dentipes, F.

43. floricola, Meig.

44. triangula, .Fa/.

45. pacifica, Meig.

46. diadema, Jlfe^.

47. pusilla, Meig.

48. albipennis, Meig.

49. gibbera, Jfezy.

50. tristis, Meig.

51. carbonaria, Jf<?/^.

52. fumigata, Wied.

53. glabricula, Fal.

54. stygia, Jkfe?y.

55. luctuosa, Meig.

56. nigella, Jlfe^.

57. aterrima, Meig.

58. serea, Fal.

59. pratensis, 3f<?&£.

60. tetra, Wied.

61. leucostoma, J'a/.

62. Anthrax, Meig.

63. triquetra, Fal.

64. pratincola, Pz.

65. promissa, Meig.

66. antiqua, Jf<?iy.

67. stigmatica, Meig.

68. aBstiva, Meig.

69. muscaria, jP.

70. spreta, Meig.

71. platura, Jlf^.

72. melanura, Meig.

73. striolata, Fal.

74. fugax, Jlfa^r.

u

146

MUSCID^E.

75. fuscula, Fal.

76. ruficeps, Meig.

77. picipes, Meig.

78. bicolor, Hoff.

79. Winthemi, Meig.

80. solennis, Meig.

81. diaphana, Wied.

1. pumila, Fal.

2. rufina, Fal.

3. sexnotata, Meig.

4. verna, -F.

5. intermedia, Fal.

6. murina, Jlf^.

7. nigrimana, Meig.

C(ENOSIA.

82. inanis, Fal.

83. posticata,

84. obtusipennis, Fal.

85. riparia, -F.

86. hirticeps, Meig.

87. occulta, Wied.

8. means, ^j.^Vy,

9. pedella, Fal.

10. nigra, Meig.

11. minima, Meig.

12. genie ulata, Fal.

13. myopina, Fal.

SCHCENOMYZA, Hal.

1. littorella, Fal. 2. fasciata, Meig.

Genus II. DRYMEIA.

DRYMEIA, Meig. Zw. v. 204 (1826) ; Mcq. ; Zett. Musca p., Fal.

Corpus oblongum, hirtum, setosum. Facies porrecta. Epistoma pro-
minens. Oculi nudi. Proboscis dongata, geniculata. Palpi subcla-
vati. Antenna3 epistoma non attingentes ; articulus tertius secundo
longior ; arista pubescens. Alulae parva?. Mas. Corpus valde seto-
sum. Oculi contigui. Pedes hirsutissimi. Fcem. Corpus sat se-
tosum. Oculi remoti. Pedes subhirsuti.

Body Father long, hairy and bristly. Face and epistoma prominent.
Eyes bare. Proboscis long, geniculate towards the tip, with long lobelia.
Palpi very slightly clavate. Antennae rather short, not reaching the
epistoma ; third joint longer than the second ; sixth pubescent. Wings
of moderate breadth. Alulae small ; lower valve extending a little be-
yond the upper. Male. Body and legs very bristly. Eyes contiguous.
Abdomen nearly linear. Fern. Body and legs slightly bristly. Eyes
remote. Abdomen fusiform.

1. hamata, Fal. Msc. 61. 57 (1823); Zett.—ofiscura, Meig. ; Mcq.
Nigra, cinereo-tomentosa, capite albo, alis subcinereis. Long. 2^-3^ ;
alar. 5—7 lin.

Black, with dark-grey tomentum. Head white. Thorax with four
slender black stripes. Wings slightly grey, with a brownish tinge to-
wards the base and in front; cubital and praebrachial veins slightly
diverging from the prsebrachial transverse vein to the border, the former

LISPE. 147

very slightly curved ; discal transverse vein slightly oblique, hardly
curved inward, parted by much more than its length from the praebra-
chial transverse vein, and by much less than its length from the border.
Alula? greyish, with testaceous borders.
Not rare. (E. I.)

Genus III. LISPE.

LISPA, Latr. G-. C. iv. 347 (1810); Zett. Mmca p., D. G. Lispe,
Fal.; Meig.; Hal.; Mcq.

Corpus subsctosum. Caput breve. Frons lata. Facialia L.uda. Epistoma
subprominens. Oculi nudi, in uiroque sexu remoti. Palpi capitati.
Antennae epistoma vix attingentes; articulus tertius secundo duplo
longior ; arista basi supra plumata. Alas parvae. Alulae mediocres.
Abdomen ovaturn, depressum. Pedes intermedii elongati.
Body slightly bristly. Head short ; front broad ; facialia bare ; epi-
storaa slightly prominent. Eyes bare, remote in both sexes. Palpi capi-
tate. Antennae nearly reaching the epistoma; third joint twice the
length of the second ; sixth plumose above towards the base. Wings
rather small; cubital and praebrachial veins diverging from the prae-
brachial transverse vein to the discal transverse vein, nearly parallel
from thence to the border ; discal transverse vein slightly oblique, nearly
straight, parted by about twice its length from the praebrachial trans-
verse vein, and by much less than its length from the border. Alulae
of moderate size ; lower valve extending much beyond the upper. Ab-
domen oval, flat. Legs slender ; middle legs rather long.

These flies inhabit the sea-shore, and the borders of ponds and
lakes. L. adscita, Hal., and perhaps another British species, might
be removed from this genus.

1. tentaculata, D. G. I. vi. 42. 15 (1752) ; Latr. ; Fal. ; Meig. ;
Mcq.; Zett. Cinereo-tomentosa, subtus cana, capite aurato, palpisful-
vis, thorace fusco-quadrivittato, alis cinereis, abdomine e maculis albidls
subtrigonis trivittato ; Mas, tarsis anticis fulvo-cinctis. Long. 2^-3 ;
alar. 4-5 lin.

Black, with cinereous tomentum, hoary beneath. Head gilded in front.
Palpi tawny. Thorax with four brown stripes. Wings grey. Alulae
white. Abdomen with three whitish nearly triangular spots on each
segment. Femora, tibia, and tarsi of the middle legs long in both sexes.
Male. Fore metatarsus armed with a spine at the tip, shorter than
the second joint, which is tawny and slightly dilated ; third and fourth
tawny beneath. Hind metatarsus with a tuft of bristles beneath at the
base.

Not common. (E. I.)

148 MUSCID.E.

2. litorea, Fal. Msc. 94. 5 (1810); Meig.; Zett. Fusco-tomen-
tosa, subtus cana, capite araenteo, palpis niffris, thorace nigro-subqua-
drivittato, alls cinereis, abdomine cinereo, pedibus nigris ; Mas, tarsis
intermediis bremssimis. Long. 3 ; alar. 5 lin.

Black, with brown tomentum, hoary beneath and on each side of the
thorax. Head silvery in front. Palpi black. Thorax with four slight
blackish stripes. Wings grey. Alulae white. Abdomen cinereous.
Legs black. Male. Middle tarsi very short.

Not common. (E. I.)

Alula indistincta vel nulZa.--Div. 2. ACALYPTEILE, Mcq.

These are generally distinguished from the Calyplera by their
comparatively smaller size, their paler and less compact bodies,
their more feeble flight, and by the less developed structure of
their antennae. They may be grouped thus : —
a. Subcostal and mediastinal veins separate.
b. Head transverse.

c. Pobrachial and anal areolets of moderate length.

d. Wings almost always unspotted. 1. HELOMYZIDES.
d d. Wings very generally spotted. 4. ORTALIDES.
c c. Pobrachial and anal areolets very short. 3. LAUXANIDES.
b b. Head round, or elongated. 5. SEPSIDES.
a a. Subcostal and mediastinal veins united.
b. Hind metatarsus thick. 2. BOEBOEIDES.
b b. Hind metatarsus slender.

c. Radial vein ending at not beyond three-fourths of the length of

the wing. 7. OSCINIDES.

c c. Eadial vein ending at much beyond three-fourths of the length
of the wing.
d. Pobrachial and anal areolets distinct, long.

e. Discal transverse vein parted by not more than its length

from the border. 6. PSILIDES.
e e. Discal transverse vein parted by full twice its length from

the border. 9. PHYTOMYZLDES.
d d. Pobrachial and anal areolets indistinct or none.

e. Pra3brachial transverse vein distant from the base of the

wing. 8. GEOMYZIDES.

e e. Praebrachial transverse vein very near the base of the
wing. 10. HYDROMYZIDES.

CORDYLUBA. 149

SUBFAMILY 1. HELOMYZLDES.

Scatomyzides, Fal., et ffelomyzides, Fal.

Ala vix unquam maculate, areolis pobrachiali et anali sat longis. Abdo-
men sessile. Pedes mediocres.
Wings very generally without marks. Pobrachial and anal areolets

ratJier long. Abdomen sessile. Legs of moderate length.

a. Tip of the abdomen thickened in the male, compressed in the female.

1. CORDYLURA.

a a. Tip of the abdomen not thickened nor compressed.
b. Proboscis smooth, shining, pointed. 2. SCATOPHAGA.
b b. Proboscis not smooth, nor shining, nor pointed.

c. Third joint of the antennas elongate-conical, shorter than the
second.

d. Hind femora armed beneath with spines. 12. SEPEDON.
d d. Hind femora without spines or bristles. 13. DORYCERA.
c c. Third joint of the antenna? nearly round, not longer than the
second.

d. Body depressed, coriaceous. 3. CCELOPA.
d d. Body not depressed nor coriaceous. 5. ACTORA.
c c c. Third joint of the antennae longer than the second.
d. Second joint of the antennas short.

e. Third joint of the antenna? round, a little longer than the
second.

/. Costal vein armed with spines. 8. LERIA.
//. Costal vein unarmed. 9. HETEROMYZA.
e e. Third joint of the antennae conical, much longer than the
second.

/. Body depressed, coriaceous. 4. ORYGMA.
ff. Body not depressed nor coriaceous. 6. SCIOMYZA.
e e e. Third joint of the antennae conical, twice the length of
the second.

/. Wings of moderate length. 7. HELOMYZA.
//. Wings long. 10. DRYOMYZA.

d d. Second joint of the antennae generally long ; third rarely
shorter than the second ; hind femora beset with bristles.
11. TETANOCERA.

Genus I. CORDYLURA.

CORDYLTJRA, Fal. Scat. 6 (1819) ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett. Musca p., L. ;
F. ; Gmel. Ocyptera p., F. Mosina, Norellia, PArosia, Nupharia,
et Delina, Desv.

Corpus angustum, cylindricura, setosum. Caput subrotundum. Frons
lata. Proboscis brevis. Palpi filiformes, vel subnliformes. Antennae

150 MUSCID^E.

epistoma non attingentes ; articulus tertius linearis, secundo longior,
apice subtruncatus. Thorax ellipticus. Alulae angusta?. Abdomen
thorace longius. Pedes validi, setosi. Mas. Abdomen lineare, apice
incrassatum. Fcem. Abdomen fusiforme.

Body narrow, cylindrical, bristly. Head nearly round ; front broad
in both sexes ; face vertical ; facialia without bristles ; epistoma not pro-
minent. Eyes nearly round. Proboscis short. Palpi filiform or nearly
so. Antenna not reaching the epistoma ; third joint linear, longer
than the second, somewhat truncated at the tip ; fourth obsolete ; fifth
very minute ; sixth setaceous, more than twice the length of the third.
Thorax elliptical. Wings narrow ; costal vein ending on the hind
border near the tip ; subcostal vein ending at about one-third of the
length of the wing ; mediastinal vein ending before half the length ;
radial vein ending before five-sixths of the length ; cubital vein ending
at the tip ; cubital and praebrachial veins diverging from the praBbru-
chial transverse vein to the straight and nearly upright discal transverse
vein, nearly parallel from thence to the border. Abdomen longer than
the thorax. Legs stout, bristly. Male. Abdomen linear, thickened
at the tip. Fern. Abdomen fusiform.

a. Arista plumose with long hairs.

b. Fore femora and fore tibiae without spines. Species 1, 2.

b b. Fore femora and fore tibia3 armed with spines beneath. Spe-
cies 3, 4.
a a. Arista bare, or nearly so. Species 5, 6.

1. pubera, L. Fn. 1855 (1761); F. ; Gmel. ; Fal.; Meig.; Mcq.;
Desv.; Zett. Nigra, albo-tomentosa, palpis tibiis tarsisquefulvis, tho-
race nigro-bivittato, alis flavo-cinereis apice fuscis ; Foem. frontalibus
runs. Long. 3-4 ; alar. 6-7 Hn.

Black. Head and thorax with white tomentum. Palpi tawny, with
darker tips. Antenna not near reaching the epistoma; third joint
longer than the second. Thorax with two broad black stripes. ' Wings
grey, tinged with yellow in front, tips brown, a slight incision at the
tip of the pobrachial vein ; discal transverse vein parted by much more
than its length from the prasbrachial transverse vein, and by much less
than its length from the border ; halteres, tibia, and tarsi tawny. Ab-
domen slightly tinged with grey. Male. Front very broad ; frontalia
deep black. Fern. Front moderately broad ; frontalia red. Abdomen
compressed at the ti]

Common. (E. ~

2. albipes, Fal. Scat. 9. 8 (1819); Meig.; Mcq.; Zett.—Jilipes,
Desv. Nigra, subtus albida, frontalibus antennisque luteis, palpis albis,
scutelli vitta pedibusque albidist tarsis fuscescentibus. Long. 2-2^ ;
alar. 4 lin.

Black, whitish beneath. Frontalia luteous; palpi white. Antenna?

COKDYLURA. 151

luteous ; third joint twice the length of the second ; arista black ; sou-
tellum with a whitish stripe. Wings hyaline; discal transverse vein
parted by much more than its length from the prsebrachial transverse
vein, and by a little less than its length from the border. Halteres
and legs whitish. Tarsi brownish. Fern. Abdomen compressed at
the tip.

Common. (E. I.)

3. flavicauda, Meig. Zw. v. 235. 12 (1826) ; Mcq. Nigro-picea,
capite subtus palpisque albis, frontalibus antennisque luteis, thoracis
lateribus pectore scutelloque rufescentibus, alis subluridis, abdominis apice
fulvo, pedibus testaceis, femoribus posterioribus apice fuscis. Long.
2^ ; alar. 4 lin.

Piceous-black. Head white beneath ; frontalia luteous ; palpi white.
Antennae luteous, nearly reaching the epistoma ; third joint twice the
length of the second; arista black. Thorax more or less reddish on
each side and beneath; scutellum reddish. Wings generally slightly
lurid ; discal transverse vein parted by much more than its length from
the praebrachial transverse vein, and by less than its length from the
border. Halteres whitish. Abdomen tawny at the tip. Legs testa-
ceous ; posterior femora with brown tips. Foem. Abdomen compressed
at the tip.

Common. (E.)

4. spinimana, Fal. Scat. 7. 3 (1819); Meig.; Mcq.; Zett. —
semiflava, Pz. — pseudo-narcissi, Desv. Fulva, capite subtus palpisque
albis, frontalibus antennisque luteis, thorace fusco-bivittato, alis sublu-
ridis, abdominis apice fulvo, pedibus testaceis, femoribus posterioribus
apice fuscis. Long. 2^; alar. 4 lin.

Tawny. Head white beneath ; frontalia luteous ; palpi white. An-
tennas luteous, nearly reaching the epistoma; third joint twice the
length of the second; arista black. Thorax with two brown stripes,
which are sometimes almost obsolete. Wings generally slightly lurid ;
discal transverse vein parted by much more than its length from the
prsebrachial transverse vein, and by much less than its length from the
border. Halteres white. Abdomen tawny at the tip. Legs testaceous ;
posterior femora with brown tips. Fern. Abdomen compressed at the tip.

Common. (E.I.)

5. liturata, Wied.; Meig. Zw. v. 238. 19 (1826); Mcq.; Zett.
Nigra, cinereo-tomentosa, capite subtus palpisque albis, frontalibus
fulvis, antennis flams, alis hyalinis apice fuscescentibus, pedibus fulvis.
Long. 2 ; alar. 3^ lin.

Black, with grey tomentum. Head white beneath ; frontalia tawny ;
palpi white. Antenna yellow, nearly reaching the epistoma ; third joint
twice the length of the second ; arista black, flings hyaline, rather
short ; tips brownish; discal transverse vein parted by very much more
than its length from the prsebrachial transverse vein, and by less than

152 MUSCIDjE.

its length from the border. Halteres whitish. Legs tawny ; fore fe-
mora and fore tibiae armed beneath with spines. Male. Abdomen tawny
beneath at the tip. Fern. Abdomen compressed at the tip.
Not rare. (E.)

6. obscura, Fal. Scat. 9. 6 (1819); Meig.; Mcq.j Zett. Nigra,
cano-tomentosa, capite subtus palpisque albidis, antennis basi ferrugineis,
frontalibus rufis, alis hyalinis, pedibus piceist tibiis testaceis. Long. 2 ;
alar. 4 lin.

Black, with hoary tomentum. Head whitish beneath ; frontalia bright
red ; palpi whitish. Antenna black, almost reaching the epistoma ; first
and second joints ferruginous ; third more than twice the length of the
second. Wings hyaline; discal transverse vein parted by more than
its length from the praBbrachial transverse vein, and by its length from
the border. Halteres whitish. Legs piceous ; tibia testaceous.

Not rare. (E. I.)

The following additional species of Cordylura have been recorded
as British : —

1. ciliata, Meig. 8. fasciata, Meig.

2. pudica, Meig. 9. punctipes, Meig.

3. rufipes, Meig. 10. pallida, Fal.

4. nervosa, Meig. 11. hydromyzina, Fal.

5. armipes, Meig. 12. fraterna, Meig.

6. striolata, Meig. 13. livens, F.

7. apicalis, Wied.

Genus II. SCATOPHAGA.

Corpus longum, angustum, setosum. Frontalia plana. Frons promi-
nens. Facies obliqua. Epistoma non prominens, lateribus setosis.
Oculi ovati. Proboscis Ia3vis, nitens, acuminata. Palpi graciles, sub-
filiformes. Antennae mediocres ; articulus tertius linearis, apice ro-
turidatus ; secundo plus duplo longior, quintus sat longus. Ala3 sat
angustse. Abdomen pilosum, thorace longius. Pedes validi, setosi.
Mas. Abdomen sublineare. Fcem. Abdomen fusiforme.
Body rather long and narrow. Head and thorax bristly. Head
transverse ; frontalia flat ; front prominent ; face oblique ; facialia with-
out bristles ; epistoma not prominent, with several stout bristles on
each side. Eyes oval. Proboscis long, slender, smooth, shining, pointed.
Palpi slender, almost filiform. Antennae nearly reaching the epistoma ;
third joint linear, rounded at the tip, more than twice the length of
the second ; fourth obsolete ; fifth rather long ; sixth plumose or bare.
Thorax nearly elliptical. Wings rather narrow ; costal vein ending on
the hind border at some little distance from the tip of the wing ; sub-

COUDYLURA. 153

costal vein ending at about one-third of the length of the wing ; medi-
astinal vein ending at beyond half the length ; radial vein ending at
beyond five-sixths of the length ; cubital vein ending at the tip ; cubi-
tal and praebrachial veins slightly diverging between the transverse
veins, parallel or slightly converging from the discal transverse vein to
the border. Abdomen very hairy. Legs stout, bristly. Male. Abdo-
men nearly linear. Jem. Abdomen fusiform.

a. Arista plumose.

b. Discal transverse vein very oblique and undulating. Species 1.
b b. Discal transverse vein almost straight, slightly oblique or upright.
c. Antennae black. Species 2, 3.
c c. Antennas luteous. Species 4.
a a. Arista bare. Species 5, 6.

The ScatopJiagcK generally prey on other Diptera. " The eggs
of 8. stercoraria are deposited in dung, and if not thus sur-
rounded with moisture, they shrivel up and come to nothing.
But it is equally necessary that they should not be wholly covered ;
if they were, the young larva would be suffocated on emerging
from the egg. Each egg is provided at its upper end, at which
the animal when hatched comes out, with two diverging horns ;
these prevent it being stuck more than three-fourths of its length
in the dung, in which the female deposits the eggs one by one."

1. scybalaria, L. Fn. 1860 (1761); F. ; Gmel.; Latr.j Fal.;
Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett. Fulvo-tomentosa, capite luteo subtus fulvo, pal-
pis flavis, antennis luteis, thorace fusco-bivittato, alis cinereo-fulvis ;
Mas, abdomine rufo-fulvo, pedibus rufescentibus ; Fcem. abdomine ci-
nereo, apice et subtus fulvo, pedibus fulvis. Long. 4-5 ; alar. 10-11 lin.

Thickly covered with tawny tomentum. Head luteous, tawny be-
neath ; proboscis black ; palpi yellow. Antennas luteous, nearly reach-
ing the epistoma ; third joint thrice the length of the second ; arista
black. Thorax with two brownish stripes. Wings tawny, grey along
the hind border and in the discs of the areolets ; cubital and praebra-
chial veins diverging from the praebrachial transverse to the discal
transverse, slightly converging from thence to the border ; praebrachial
forming a slight angle at its junction with the praebrachial transverse ;
discal transverse very oblique, much curved outward, parted by very
much more than its length from the prsebrachial transverse, and by
much less than half its length from the border. Halteres yellow.
Male. Abdomen reddish-tawny. Legs reddish. Fern. Abdomen grey,
tawny at the tip and beneath. Legs tawny.

Not common. (E. I.)

2. stercoraria, L. Fn. 1861 (1761); F.j Gmel.; Latr.; Fal.;
Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett. — scybalaria, Schr. ; Reaum. ; Geoff. ; D. G. Flavo-
tomentosa, capite supra luteo, palpis flavis, antennis nigris, thorace

VOL. II. X

154 MUSCID.E.

supra fuscescente vittis quatuor obscurioribus, alls fulvo-subcinereis,
abdomine pedibmque fulvis. Long. 3-4; alar. 8-10 lin.

Thickly covered with yellow tomentum. Head luteous between the
eyes; proboscis black; palpi pale yellow. Antennae black. Thorax
brownish above, with four darker stripes. Things greyish, with a very
slight tawny tinge along the borders of the veins ; cubital and prsebrachial
slightly diverging from the clouded prsebrachial transverse to the discal
transverse, almost parallel from thence to the border ; discal transverse
oblique, almost straight, parted by nearly twice its' length from the
prsebrachial transverse, and by half its length from the border. Hal-
teres pale yellow. Abdomen and legs tawny.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

3. merdaria, E. E. S. iv. 344. 133 (1 792) ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett.
Cinereo-tomentosa, capite luteo subtus palpisque flavis, antennis nigris,
thorace fusco-quadrivittato, alls fulvo-mblimpidis, pedibus testaceis, femo-
ribus cinereis. Long. 2-3 ; alar. 4-6 lin.

With cinereous tomentum. Head pale-yellow, luteous above; pro-
boscis black ; palpi pale-yellow. Antennae black, not reaching the epi-
stoma ; third joint twice the length of the second. Thorax with four
brown stripes. Wings nearly limpid, with a slight tawny tinge in front ;
cubital and prsebrachial veins diverging from the clouded prsebrachial
transverse to the diseal transverse, almost parallel from thence to the
border; discal transverse oblique, almost straight, parted by much
more than its length from the prsebrachial transverse, and by full half
its length from the border. Halteres pale yellow. Legs testaceous;
femora cinereous.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

4. lutaria, F. E. S. iv. 344. 134 (1792) ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett. D. S.
- — suilla, Fal. ; Zett. I. L. — analis ? Meig. Cinereo-tomentosa, capite
palpisque flavis, frontalibus rubris, antennis luteis, thorace fusco-qua-
drivittato, alis subfulvescentibus, abdomine pedibusque fulvis, illius
vitta dorsali suturisque nigris; Var. abdomine cinereo apice fulvo.
Long. 2|-3| ; alar. 5-7 lin.

With cinereous tomentum. Head yellow ; frontalia deep red ; pro-
boscis black, testaceous towards the base; palpi yellow. Antenna?
luteous ; arista black. Thorax with four brownish stripes ; metathorax
hoary. Wings with a slight tawny tinge, especially towards the base ;
cubital and prsebrachial veins slightly diverging from the prsebrachial
transverse to the discal transverse, almost parallel from thence to the
border; discal transverse almost straight, nearly upright, parted by
nearly twice its length from the prsebrachial transverse, and by less
than half its length from the border. Halteres yellow. Abdomen
tawny ; dorsal stripe and sutures of the segments black. Legs tawny.
Var. Abdomen cinereous ; tip tawny.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

CORDYLURA. 155

5. squalida, Meig. Zw. v. 252. 10 (1826). Cermno-tomentosa,
capite palpisque albidis, frontalibus rufis, antennis luteis, articulo tertio
apice fusco, thorace fusco-quadrivittato, alis subcinereis basi subfulvis
apice subnigris, venis transversis nebulosis, abdomine cinereo apice venire
pedibusquefulvis. Long. 2^-3 ; alar. 5-6 lin.

With fawn-coloured tomentum. Head whitish ; frontalia red ; probos-
cis black; palpi whitish. Antenna luteous ; third joint brown towards
the tip ; arista black. Thorax with four brownish stripes ; metathorax
hoary. Wings slightly greyish, with a tawny tinge at the base and a
blackish tinge at the tips; transverse veins clouded; cubital and pra3-
brachial veins slightly diverging from the praBbrachial transverse to the
discal transverse, almost straight from thence to the border; discal
transverse slightly oblique, almost straight, parted by much less than
its length from the prsebrachial transverse, and by less than half its
length from the border. Halteres whitish. Abdomen cinereous, tawny
at the tip and beneath. Legs tawny.

Not rare. (E. I.)

6. litorea, Fal. Scat. 4. 4 (1819) ; Meig. ; Zett. Cinereo-tomen-
tosa, capite albo, frontalibus cinereis antice flavis, antennis nigris, palpis
fulvis, thorace fusco-quadrivittato, alis cinereis, pedibus nigro-cinereis,
tibiisfulms. Long. 3£; alar. 7 lin.

With cinereous tomentum. Head white ; frontalia cinereous, yellow
in front ; proboscis and antenna black ; palpi tawny. Thorax with
four brownish stripes ; metathorax hoary. Wings grey ; cubital and
prsebrachial veins slightly diverging from the praabrachial transverse to
the discal transverse, very slightly diverging from thence to the border ;
discal transverse straight and upright, parted by much more than its
length from the praBbrachial transverse, and by more than half its length
from the border. Halteres yellow. Legs cinereous-black ; tibia tawny.

Inhabits the sea-shore. (E. I.)

The following additional species of Scatophaga have been re-
corded as British : —

1. inquinata, Meig. 10. rufipes, Meig.

2. turpis, Hal. 11. calida, Hal.

3. eximia, Hal. 12. rudis, Hal.

4. spurca, Meig. 13. decipiens, Hal.

5. ostiorum, Hal. 14. bipunctata,

6. cineraria, Meig. Subgen HALITHEA,, Hal.

* °gaD
Si

156 MUSCID^E.

Genus III. CCELOPA.
CffiLOPA, Meig. Zw. vi. 8 (1830) ; Mcq. ; Zett. ; Hal.

Corpus depressum, coriaceum, sat angustum, setosum vel pilosum. Caput
parvum,fere rotundum, thorace multo angustius. Facies subobliqua.
Oculi parvi, oblongi. Antennas brevissimce ; articulus tertiusfere ro-
tundus, secundo non kngior. Thorax elongato-subquadratus, antice
angustior. Alas subangustse. Abdomen ellipticum vel obconicum.
Pedes valid! ; tibiae subcurvata?.

Body flat, coriaceous, rather narrow, more or less bristly or hairy.
Head small, marly round, much narrower than the thorax ; front and
epistoma rather prominent ; face slightly oblique. Eyes small, oblong.
Proboscis and palpi short. Antennae very short ; third joint nearly
round, not longer than the second ; sixth long, slender, bare or pubes-
cent. Thorax flat, elongate-subquadrate, narrower in front. Wings
rather narrow ; costal vein ending on the hind border near the tip of
the wing ; subcostal ending at beyond one-third of the length ; medi-
astinal ending beyond half the length ; radial ending at five-sixths of
the length; cubital and praebrachial slightly diverging between the
transverse veins, almost parallel from the discal transverse to the bor-
der ; discal transverse vein straight, upright, parted by more than twice
its length from the praebrachial transverse, and by nearly its length
from the border. Abdomen flat, elliptical or obconical, a little longer
than the thorax. Legs stout, bristly or hairy ; tibia3 slightly curved.

These flies inhabit marine rejectamenta, and their flat bodies
and tough coriaceous skins enable them to creep without injury
among the loose stones and tangled seaweeds.

1. frigida, F. S. A. 307. 116(1805); Fal.; Hal.; Zett.—ffravis,
Hal. E. M. Nigro-picea, antennis ferrugineis, alis limpidis, abdo-
minis lateribusfulvo-maculatis, segmentis fulvo-marginatis, pedibus fulvis
setosis. Long. 3-3^; alar. 6-7 Hn.

Piceous-black, dull. Proboscis and antennce ferruginous. Wings lim-
pid. Halteres testaceous. Abdominal segments tawny along the hind
border, and with a tawny spot on each side. Legs tawny, very bristly.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

2. pilipes, Hal. A. N. H. ii. 186. 1 (1838).— frigida, Meig.;
Mcq. Nigro-picea, antennis piceis basi rufescentidm, alis subcinereis,
pedibus ferrugineis pilosis. Long. 2-2^; alar. 4-5 lin.

Piceous-black, dull. Proboscis testaceous. Antenna piceous ; first
and second joints reddish. Wings slightly grey. Halteres testaceous.
Legs ferruginous, very thickly clothed with hairs.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

C. frigida belongs to the submenus Fucomyia, Hal., and the

ACTOEA. 157

following additional species of Ccelopa have been recorded as
British :—

1. simplex, Hal. Subgen. MALOCOMYIA, HaL

2. parvula, Hal. 3. sciomyzina, Hal.

Genus IV. ORYGMA.

ORYGMA, Meig. Zw. vi. 6 (1830) ; Mcq. ; Zett. Psalidomyia, Doumerc.

Corpus coriaceum, sat breve, subdepressuin, vix setosum. Caput thorace
vix angustius. Frons latissima. Antennae breves ; articulus tertius
conicus, secundo multo longior ; arista nuda. Abdomen subovatum,
segmento secundo magno. Pedes pilosi, setosi.
Body coriaceous, rather short, almost flat, with a few bristles. Head
nearly as broad as the thorax ; front flat, very broad; face concave,
nearly vertical ; epistoma and peristoma not prominent. Proboscis and
palpi very short. Antenna? short, not reaching the epistoma ; third
joint conical, much longer than the second ; sixth slender, bare. Tho-
rax flat. Wings moderate ; costal vein ending on the hind border at
some little distance from the tip of the wing ; subcostal ending before
half the length ; mediastinal ending a little beyond half the length ;
cubital and praebrachial diverging between the transverse veins, almost
parallel from the discal transverse to the border; discal transverse
nearly upright, very slightly oblique, parted by much more than its
length from the prsebrachial transverse, and by more than half its
length from the border. Abdomen flat, nearly oval, with six segments,
-a little longer than the thorax ; second segment large. Legs hairy
and bristly.

1. luctnosa, Meig. Zw. vi. 6. 1 (1830); Mcq.; Zeit.—fucicola,
Doumerc. Nigra, obscura, capite subtus ferrugineo, antennis piceis basi
ferrugineis, thorace cinereo-quadrivittato, alis cinereis, pedibus testaceis.
Long. 3 ; alar. 6 lin.

Dull black. Head ferruginous beneath. Antennaa piceous ; first
and second joints ferruginous. Thorax with four cinereous stripes*
Wings grey. Halteres and legs testaceous.

Inhabits seaweed. (E. S. I.)

Genus V. ACTORA.

ACTORA, Meig. Zw. v. 403 (1826). Heteromyza p., Fal. Helcomyza,
Curt.

Corpus elongatum, hirsutissimum, non depressum nee coriaceum. Caput
thorace vix angustius, antice brevi-conicum. Palpi subclavati. An-
tenna brevissima ; articulus tertius subrotundus, secundo non longior ;

158 MUSCID^.

arista brevis, nuda. Thorax subellipticus. Alee sat longae. Abdo-
men obconicum, thorace vix longius. Pedes hirsutissimi, femoribus
crassis.

Body elongate, very hairy, not depressed nor coriaceous. Head nearly
as broad as the thorax, short-conical in front ; vertex broad, convex ;
front slightly prominent ; face nearly vertical, slightly concave ; epi-
stoma not prominent ; peristoma slightly prominent. Eyes rather small,
nearly round. Proboscis short. Palpi subclavate. Antennae very short,
not near reaching the epistoma ; third joint nearly round, not longer
than the second ; sixth short, stout, bare. Thorax subelliptical, with an
indistinct transverse furrow. Wings rather long; costal vein armed
with short spines, ending on the hind border near the tip of the wing ;
subcostal ending beyond one-third of the length ; mediastinal ending
very far beyond half the length ; radial ending at about seven-eighths
of the length ; cubital and prabrachial diverging between the costal
veins, very slightly converging from the discal transverse to the border ;
discal transverse oblique, almost straight, parted by twice its length
from the praebrachial transverse, and by one-third of its length from
the border. Abdomen obconical, very little longer than the thorax.
Legs very hairy ; femora stout.

1. sestuum, Meig. Zw. v. 403. 1 (1826) ; l&c^—mtulata, Curt. !
B. E. 68. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, thorace fusco-quadrivittato, alis
albis, abdomine glaucescente, pedibus fulvis, femoribus nigris. Long.
4-5; alar. 8-10 lin.

Black, with hoary tomentum. Head with white tomentum in front
and beneath; palpi and antenna? black. Thorax with four brown
stripes, the middle pair approximate. Wings white ; veins mostly tes-
taceous ; prsebrachial transverse clouded with brown. Halteres testa-
ceous. Abdomen with glaucous tomentum. Legs tawny; femora
black, with glaucous tomentum.

Inhabits the sea-shore. (E.)

Actora buccata, Fal., has been recorded as British.

Genus VI. SCIOMYZA.

SCIOMYZA, Fal. Sciom. ; Meig. Zw. vi. 9 (1830); Mcq.; Zett.; Hal.
Musca p., F. E. S. Scatophaga p., F. S. A.

Corpus sat angustum, non depressum nee coriaceum. Facies obliqua.
Antennarum articulus tertius subconicns, secundo multo longior ; arista
pubescens. Mas. Abdomen lineare. Fcem. Abdomen fusiforme.
Body rather narrow, not depressed nor coriaceous. Frontalia flat ; face
oblique ; epistoma not prominent ; peristoma rather produced. Pro-
boscis short, thick ; palpi filiform. Antenna not reaching the epistoma ;
third joint nearly conical^ much longer than the second; sixth pubescent.

SCIOMYZA. 159

Wings moderate ; costal vein ending on the hind border at some little
distance from the tip ; subcostal ending at about one-third of the length
of the wing; mediastinal ending at hardly beyond half; radial ending
at about seven-eighths ; cubital slightly diverging from the praebrachial
between the transverse veins, more slightly converging to it from the
discal transverse to the tip ; discal transverse nearly straight and up-
right, parted by much more than its length from the praebrachial trans-
verse, and by full half its length from the border. Abdomen a little
longer than the thorax. Legs pubescent, slightly bristly. Male. Ab-
domen linear. Fern. Abdomen fusiform.

These flies generally inhabit woods.
a. Wings unspotted.

b. Wings bordered with white. — Cfaetocera, Desv. Species 1.

b b. Wings brown. Species 2.

b b b. Wings grey. — Dyctia, Desv. Species 3-5.
a a. Wings spotted. — Pherbelliat Desv. Species 6.

1. albo-costata, Fal. Sciom. 12. 3 (1820) ; Meig.; Mcq. ; Zett.
Testacea, cano-tomentosa, antennis luteis, thorace fusco-quadrivittato,
alis cinereis albo-marginatis, pedibus anticis albis. Long. 2-2£ ; alar.
4-5 lin.

Testaceous, with hoary tomentum. Head pale-yellow; frontalia red.
Antennae luteous. Thorax with four brownish stripes. Wings grey,
white in front and behind ; discal transverse vein nearly straight,
slightly oblique, parted by more than twice its length from the pra-
brachial transverse, and by more than half its length from the border.
Fore legs black.

Not rare. (E. S. I.)

2. fuscipennis, Meig. Zw. vi. 16. 15 (1830) ; Mcq. ; Zett. Fer-
ruginea, antennis luteis, thorace fusco-quadrivittato, alis fuscis, pedibus
fulvis, tibiis anticis tarsisque fuscescentibus. Long. 2-3 ; alar. 4-6 lin.

Ferruginous. Head whitish-yellow beneath ; frontalia bright tawny.
Antennas luteous ; sixth joint black. Thorax with four brownish stripes.
Wings brown, darker in front except at the base; discal transverse
vein very slightly undulating, nearly upright, parted by much more
than its length from the prebrachial transverse, and by more than half
its length from the border. Halteres testaceous. Legs tawny ; tarsi
and fore tibiaa brownish.

Not common. Inhabits woods. (E. S.)

3. obtusa, Fal. Sciom. 13. 4 (1820) ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett. Fulva,
antennarum articulo tertio niyro, thorace fusco-quadrivittato, alis sub-
cinereis, tibiis tarsisque nigricantibus. Long. 2-3 ; alar. 4-6 lin.

Tawny. Head bright-yellow in front, whitish-yellow beneath ; pro-
boscis ferruginous; palpi yellow. Antenna tawny ; third joint black,
tawny towards tJie base ; sixth black. Disc of the thorax with grey
tomentum, and with four brownish stripes. Wings slightly greyish,

J 60 MUSCID.E.

darker at the tips ; discal transverse vein straight, very slightly oblique,
parted by less than twice its length from the praebrachial transverse.
Halteres testaceous. Fore tibia3, fore tarsi, and tips of the posterior
tarsi blackish.
Not rare. (E.)

4. cinerella, Fal. Sciom. 14. 8 (1820); Meig. ; Mcq.; Zett.
Cana, vertice fiavo, antennis piceis, thoracis disco fusco, alis fusco-cine-
reis, abdomine cinereo, pedibus fulvis, anticis piceis. Long. 2-2^;
alar. 4-5 lin.

Hoary. Head whitish beneath ; vertex bright-yellow, with a brown
middle stripe, and with a brown spot on each side in front ; proboscis
ferruginous. Antenna piceous. Disc of the thorax brown. Wings
grey, brownish in front and in the discs of the areolets; transverse
veins clouded with brown ; discal transverse nearly straight, slightly
oblique, parted by less than twice its length from the prabrachiai
transverse, and by full half its length from the border. Halteres
whitish. Abdomen cinereous. Legs tawny ; fore legs mostly piceous.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

5. nana, Eal. Sciom. 15. 12 (1820); Meig.; Zett. Fusca, cano-
tomentosa, capite flavo, antennis fulvis, thorace fusco-guadrimttato, alis
fusco-cinereis, abdominis segmentis testaceo-marginatis, pedibus fulvis
anticis fuscescentibus. Long, li ; alar. 2i lin.

Brown, with hoary tomentum. Head yellow, white beneath. An-
tennae tawny. Thorax with four brown stripes. Wings grey, brownish
in front, and with a diffuse brownish band near the tip ; transverse
veins clouded with brown ; discal transverse slightly curved outward,
parted by much more than its length from the prsebrachial, and by
more than half its length from the border. Halteres and hind bor-
ders of abdominal segments testaceous. Legs dull tawny ; fore legs
brownish.

Not common. (E. I.)

6. monilis, Meig. Zw. vi. 17. 18 (1830); Mcq.; Zett. Cinerea,
capite flavo, antennis ferrugineis, thoracis lateribus et abdominis seg-
mentorum marginibus testaceis, alis subcinereis fusco-guttatis, pedibus
fulvis. Long. 2 ; alar. 4 lin.

Cinereous. Head yellow, white about the orbits of the eyes ; vertex
with ferruginous streaks; proboscis ferruginous; palpi tawny. An-
tennae ferruginous ; third joint darker towards the tip ; sixth black.
Thorax mostly testaceous on each side. Wings slightly grey, with
rows of brown dots between the longitudinal veins ; discal transverse
vein almost straight, slightly oblique, parted by nearly twice its length
from the praBbrachial transverse, and by full half its length from the
border. Halteres pale testaceous. Hind borders of abdominal seg-
ments testaceous. Legs dull tawny.

Not common. (E. I.)

HELOMYZA. 161

The following additional species of Sciomyza have been recorded
as British : —

1. simplex, Fal. 4. notata, Meig.

2. glabricula, Fal. 5. nigrimana, Meig.

3. griseola, Fal.

Genus VII. HELOMYZA.

HELOMYZA, Hal. Westw. Class. 1. 145 (1839). Musca p., F.; Schr.
Helomyza p., Fal. ; Meig. ; Mcq.

Corpus oblongum, subsetosum. Antennarum articulus tertius conicus,
secundo duplo longior ; arista plumosa. Alee mediocres ; vena costali
spinosa.

Body oblong, with a few bristles. Front flat ; face nearly vertical ;
sides of the peristoma slightly projecting. Antenna nearly reaching
the epistoma; third joint conical, about twice the length of the second ;
sixth slender, plumose with long hairs or pubescent. Thorax elliptical.
Wings moderately long ; costal vein armed with short spines, ending on
the hind border near the tip ; subcostal ending before one-third of the
length ; mediastinal ending much before half the length ; radial ending
at about seven-eighths of the length ; cubital and praBbrachial slightly
diverging between the transverse veins, nearly parallel from the discal
transverse to the border. Legs hairy, with a few bristles. Male. Ab-
domen linear. Fern. Abdomen long-obconical.

1. rufa, Fal. Helom. 4. 2 (1820); Meig.; Mcq.; Zett. Fulva,
capite flavo, arista plumosa, thorace ferrugineo-bivittato, alls cinereis

fusco-variis maculisque duabus connexis apicalibus albidis, abdomine ni-
gro-fasciato, pedibus testaceis. Long. 2£ ; alar. 5 lin.

Tawny. Head yellow, whitish, testaceous in front and beneath.
Antenna3 tawny ; sixth joint black, plumose. Thorax with two ferru-
ginous stripes. Pectus testaceous. Scutellum flat, blackish at the
base. Wings grey, brown towards the tips, wliere are two whitish con-
nected spots; transverse veins clouded with brown; discal transverse
slightly oblique, nearly straight, parted by twice its length from the
pra3.brachial transverse, and by a little less than its length from the
border. Halteres and legs testaceous. Abdomen with blackish con-
nected bands on the hind borders of the segments.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

2. flava, Meig. Zw. 6. 50. 3 (1830). Fulva, arista plumosa, tho-
racis disco cinereo, alis subcinereis, strigis discalibus obscurioribus macu-
lisque tribus apicalibus fuscis, venis transversis nebulosis. Long. 3 ;
alar. 6 lin.

Tawny. Head yellow beneath, with white tomentum about the eyes.

VOL. II. Y

162 MUSCID^E.

Antennae tawny ; sixth joint black, plumose. Disc of the thorax grey.
Wings greyish, with darker streaks between the veins ; tips of the radial,
cubital, and praebrachial veins slightly clouded with brown ; transverse
veins clouded with dark brown ; discal transverse oblique, almost straight,
parted by nearly twice its length from the prsebrachial transverse, and
by full half its length from the border.
Not rare. (E.)

3. pallida, Fal. Helom. 3. 1 (1820); Meig.; Zett. Testacea,
arista pubescente, thoracis disco fulvo, alis flavo-subcinereis, abdomine
fusco-fasciato. Long. 3 ; alar. 6 lin.

Testaceous. Third joint of the antennas short-conical, about twice
the length of the second ; sixth black, pubescent. Disc of the thorax
tawny. Wings slightly grey, with a yellowish tinge in front. Halteres
pale testaceous. Abdomen with a narrow brown band on the hind
border of each segment. Tarsi with brown tips.

Not common. (E.)

Genus VIII. LERIA.

LEKIA, Desv. E. M. (1830). Musca p., L. ; F. ; D. G. ; Schr. ; GmeL
Helomyza p., Fal. ; Meig. ; Zett. Blephariptera, Mcq.

Corpus oblongum, subsetosum. Antennae bremssimce ; articulus tertius
rotundus, secundo paullo longior ; arista nuda. Alas mediocres, costa
spinosa.

Body oblong, slightly bristly. Head slightly produced ; front flat ;
face oblique. Epistoma and sides of the peristoma rather prominent.
Proboscis short. Palpi nearly filiform. Antennae very short; third
joint round, a little longer than the second ; fourth and fifth indistinct
or obsolete; sixth long, slender, bare. Thorax elliptical; transverse
furrow indistinct. Wings moderately long; costal vein armed with
short spines, ending on the hind border at some distance from the tip ;
subcostal vein ending at before one-third of the length of the wing;
mediastinal ending at before half the length ; cubital and prsebrachial
very slightly diverging between the transverse veins, nearly parallel
from the discal transverse to the border. Abdomen long-obconical.
Legs slender, pubescent, with a few bristles. Fern. Oviduct exserted.

1. serrata, L. Fn. 1847 (1761); F.; Schr. ; G.mel. ; Fal. ; Meig.;
Mcq. ; Zett. — latrinarum, D. G. Ferruginea, capite pallido, thorace
cinereo vittis duabus obscurioribus, alis limpidis, pedibus testaceis.
Long. 2-3 ; alar. 4-6 lin.

Ferruginous. Head luteous above, whitish-testaceous beneath. An-
tennas: ferruginous ; sixth joint black. Thorax with grey tomentum,
and with two darker dorsal stripes. Wings limpid ; discal transverse

DRYOMYZA. 163

vein upright, hardly curved inward, parted by twice its length from
the praebrachial transverse, and by half its length from the border.
Halteres very pale yellow. Legs testaceous.
Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

The following additional species of the two preceding genera
have been recorded as British : —

1. olens, Meig. 8. fenestralis, Fal.

2. affinis, Meig. 9. rufiventris, Meig.

3. prseusta, Meig. 10. inscripta, Meig.

4. tigrina, Meig. 11. humih's, Meig.

5. griseola, Meig. 12. fuscipennis, Meig.

6. suilloides, Desv. 13. ruficornis, Meig.

7. villosa, Meig. 14. arenaria, Hal.

Genus IX. HETEROMYZA.

HETEROMYZA, Fal. Heterom. 2 (1820) ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett.

Corpus oblongum. Antennarum articulus secundus brevis ; tertius ro-
tundus, secundo paullo longior. Alarum vena costalis spinis nullis.
Body oblong. Antenna not reaching the epistoma ; second joint

short ; third round, a little longer than the second ; costal vein armed

with spines.

1. flava, Meig. Zw. vi. 46. 2 (1830). Fulva, capite flavo, palpis
testaceis apice fuscis, antennis fuscis basi subtusque flavis, alis sublim-
pidis, costa apice venaque discali transversa subfuscis, pedibus testaceis.
Long. 3 ; alar. 6 lin.

Tawny. Head yellow. Palpi testaceous, with brown tips. An-
tenna tawny ; third joint brown above ; sixth black, very minutely
pubescent. Wings nearly limpid, clouded with brown in front, at the
tips, and about the discal transverse vein; cubital and praBbrachial
veins slightly diverging between the transverse veins, almost parallel
from the discal transverse to the border ; discal transverse vein indis-
tinctly undulating, almost upright, parted by nearly twice its length
from the prsebrachial transverse and from the border. Halteres and
legs testaceous.

Not common. (S.)

Genus X. DRYOMYZA.

DRYOMYZA, Fal. Sciom. 16 (1820); Meig.; Mcq.; Zett. Dryope,
Desv.

Corpus elongatum, sublineare, nitens, breve. Antennarum articulus

164 MUSCIDJE.

tertim subconicus, secundo duplo longior ; arista pubescens. Alee longce.

Pedes validi, pilosi.

Body smooth, shining, elongate, nearly linear, with a few hairs and
bristles. Frontalia broad ; face oblique ; facialia without bristles ; epi-
stoma very prominent. Eyes bare. Proboscis thick, short. Palpi
linear. Antennae not reaching the epistoma ; third joint nearly conical,
full twice the length of the second; arista pubescent along the whole
length, more than thrice the length of the third joint. Thorax subfusi-
form. Wings long ; costal vein ending on the hind border at some
little distance from the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at about
one-third of the length of the wing; mediastinal vein ending at far
beyond half the length ; radial vein ending at about seven-eighths of
the length of the costa ; cubital vein ending at the tip of the wing ;
cubital and prsebrachial veins very slightly diverging from the prsebra-
chial transverse, very slightly converging from thence to the border ;
discal transverse nearly straight, very slightly oblique, parted by very
much more than its length from the praebrachial transverse, and by full
half its length from the border. Pobrachial and anal areolets rather
long. Abdomen longer than the thorax. Legs stout, hairy. Male.
Abdomen nearly linear. Fern. Abdomen fusiform.

The species inhabit shady woods.

1. flaveola, F. E. S. iv. 343. 130 (1792); Meig.; Mcq. ; Zett.
Fulva vel testacea, arista subpubescente, thorace nonnunquam quadrivit-
tato, alts sublimpidis, abdomine nonnunquam fusco. Long. 3-5 ; alar.
8-12 lin.

Tawny or testaceous. Head pale testaceous beneath. Frontalia
bright tawny. Third joint of the antennae brown towards the tip ;
arista black, thinly and minutely pubescent. Thorax occasionally with
four very indistinct darker stripes. Wings nearly limpid ; discal trans-
verse vein parted by twice its length from the prsebrachial transverse.
Tarsi brown towards the tips. Var. Abdomen brown ; tip tawny.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

2. prseusta, Meig. Zw. v. 257. 3 (1826); Mcq.; Zett. Fulva,
antennis luteis, thorace fusco-subquadrivittato, alls fulvo-subcinereis,
venis longitudinalibus apice transversisyue fusco-nebulosis. Long. 3-5 ;
alar. 8-12 lin.

Tawny. Head testaceous beneath. Frontalia luteous. Antennae
luteous ; sixth joint black, tawny at the base. Thorax with four slight
brownish stripes. Wings greyish, tawny in front and at the base ; trans-
verse veins and tips of longitudinal veins clouded with brown. Sutures
of abdominal segments blackish.

Generally distributed. Mr. Spence informs me that he has
reared it from truffles. (E. S. I.)

3. anilis, Fal. Sciom. 16. 2 (1820) ; Meig. ; Zett. Testacea, arista

TETANOCEKA. 165

pubescente, thorace fulvo-quadrivittato, alls limpidis, venis transversis
infuscatis, abdomine piloso. Long. 2^; alar. 6 lin.

Testaceous. Head pale testaceous beneath. Frontalia bright-tawny.
Antennas tawny ; sixth joint black, with ratJier thick and long pubescence.
Thorax with four tawny stripes. Things limpid ; transverse veins slightly
clouded with brown ; cubital and praabrachial veins very slightly diverg-
ing from the prasbrachial transverse to the discal transverse, parallel
from thence to the border ; discal transverse parted by rather less than
twice its length from the prsebrachial transverse, and by full half its
length from the border. Abdomen very hairy. Tarsi brownish towards
the tips.

Not common. (S.)

Genus XI. TETANOCERA.

TETANOCERA, Dumr.; Latr. H. N. v. 21. 22 (1805) ; Fal. ; Meig. ;
Mcq. ; Zett. ; Loew. Musca p., F. E. S. ; Gmel. ; Pz. Scatophaga
p., F. S. A. Tolucella p., Schr. ; Schell.

Corpus oblongum, robustum. Frons depressa. Facies obliqua. Peri-

stoma subproductum. Antenna porrecta ; articulus secundus longus ;

tertius conicus, secundo scepe lonyior. Pedes validi, pilosi.

Body oblong, stout. Head full as broad as the thorax. Front flat,
rather prominent. Face oblique. Epistoma not prominent. Peri-
stoma slightly produced. Proboscis thick. Palpi filiform. Antennae
porrect ; second joint long ; third conical, longer or very rarely shorter
than tJie second. Wings moderately broad ; costal vein ending on the
hind border at some little distance from the tip of the wing ; subcostal
ending at little beyond one-fourth of the length; mediastinal ending at
much before half the length; radial ending at beyond five-sixths of the
length ; cubital very slightly diverging from the prasbrachial between
the transverse veins, parallel to it from the discal transverse to the
border ; discal transverse parted by much more than its length from
the prsebrachial transverse, and by about half its length or less from
the border. Abdomen a little longer than the thorax. Legs stout, hairy,
with a few bristles. Male. Abdomen nearly linear. Fern. Abdomen
subfusiform.

Most of the species frequent aquatic plants, and their larvae
live in the water.

a. Arista pubescent.

b. Third joint of the antenna shorter than the second. Species 1, 2.

b b. Second and third joints of the antenna3 of equal length. Sp. 3.

b b b. Third joint of the antenna longer than the second. Sp. 4, 5.
a a. Arista plumose with short hairs. Species 6.
a a a. Arista plumose with long hairs. Species 7—11.

166 MU8CID.E.

1. marginata, F. S. I. ii. 449. 74 (1781) ; Schr. ; Pz. ! Fn. xxxii.

22 ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett. ; Loew. — limbata, Gmel. — crinicornis, Fal. ;
Schell. Ferruginea, thoracefusco confertim guttato, antennis pedibusque
ferrugineis, alls fuscis confertim guttatis, abdomine tibiis apice tarsisque
piceis. Long. 4-4^; alar. 8-9 lin.

Ferruginous, with cinereous tomentum. Head whitish-testaceous
beneath, piceous about the ocelli, and with a deep black spot on each
side of the front. Proboscis piceous. Palpi testaceous. Antennae
ferruginous, pilose ; third joint much shorter than the second ; arista
testaceous, thickly pubescent. Thorax thickly covered with very minute
brown dots, and a few of larger size. ScuteUum with a brown stripe.
Wings brown, with very numerous limpid dots ; fore border blackish-
brown ; discal transverse vein curved outward, nearly upright, parted
by less than twice its length from the prsebrachial transverse, and by a
little more than half its length from the border. Abdomen piceous.
Legs ferruginous ; femora, tarsi, and tips of tibiae mostly piceous.

Not common. (E.)

2. rufifrons, F. S. I. ii. 449. 76 (1781); Gmel.; Latr.; Meig.;
Mcq. ; Zett. — reticulata, Fal. Fulva, thorace quadrivittato, alis cine-
reis confertim guttatis, abdomine nigro-vittato, tarsis fuscis. Long.
3-4 ; alar. 6-8 lin.

Tawny. Head testaceous, and with whitish tomentum beneath, a
black dot about the ocelli, and another on each side of the front. Third
joint of the antennae shorter than the second; sixth stout, minutely
pubescent. Thorax with four indistinct darker stripes. Wings grey,
darkest in front, with very numerous limpid dots ; disc limpid between
the prsebrachial transverse vein and the border ; discal transverse vein
oblique, slightly undulating, parted by nearly twice its length from the
prsebrachial transverse, and by more than half its length from the bor-
der. Abdomen with a blackish dorsal stripe. Tarsi brown.

Not rare. (E.)

3. cucullaria, L. S. N. ii. 995. 103 (1763); F.; Gmel.; Fal.;
Meig. ; Mcq.; Zett.; Loew. — rufa, Pz. ! Fn. liv. 17. — Sundewalli, Fries.
Ferruginea, glauco-tomentosa, capite luteo, thorace subvittato, alis sub-
cinereis, maculis nonnullis apices versus fuscis , abdomine pedibusque ful-
vis. Long. 3^; alar. 7 lin.

Ferruginous, Head luteous, with a ferruginous stripe, and on each
side with brown spots, underside testaceous. Proboscis ferruginous.
Palpi whitish. Antennae ferruginous ; second and third joints of equal
length; sixth whitish, minutely pubescent, testaceous at the base.
Thorax with glaucous tomentum, indistinctly striped. Wings greyish,
here and there almost limpid, and with a few pale brown spots towards
the tip ; prsebrachial transverse and each end of the discal transverse
clouded with brown; discal transverse oblique, very deeply angular,
parted by more than its length from the prcebrachial transverse, and by

TEXAN OCERA. 167

much less than half its length from the border. Halteres testaceous.
Hind femora rather thick, armed with spines beneath. Var. Thorax
without glaucous tomentum. Wings lurid.
Not rare. (E.)

4. lineata, Fal. Sciom. 11. 14 (1820); Meig. ; Mcq.; Zett.;
Loew. Ferruginea, cano-tomentosa, capite antennis thoracisque vittis
quinque testaceis, alis albidis fusco-nebulosis.

Ferruginous, with hoary tomentum. Head testaceous, with a brown
spot on each side of the front, whitish beneath. Proboscis tawny.
Palpi testaceous. AntennaB testaceous ; second joint black above ;
third black at the tip, hardly longer than the second ; sixth whitish,
minutely pubescent. Thorax with three slender testaceous stripes on the
disc, and a broad one on each side. Wings dingy -whitish ; discs of the
areolets slightly and partly clouded ; transverse veins clouded ; discal
transverse oblique, very deeply undulating, parted by very much more than
its length from the prcebrachial transverse, and by more than half its
length from the border. Halteres testaceous. Abdomen and legs tawny,
the former with a brownish dorsal stripe.

Not common. (E. I.)

5. aratoria, F. E. S. iv. 344. 132 (1792) ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett. ;
Loew. — interstincta, Fal. Ferruginea, albido-tomentosa, capite fusco-
maculato, antennis abdomine pedibusque fulvis, thorace quadrivittatot
alisfulvisfusco-quinquemaculatis. Long. 2^-4 ; alar. 5-8 lin.

Ferruginous, with whitish tomentum. Head luteous, with brown
spots on each side of the vertex, pale testaceous beneath. Proboscis
ferruginous. Palpi testaceous. Antenna tawny ; third joint a little
longer than the second ; sixth testaceous, minutely pubescent. Thorax
with four ferruginous stripes. Wings tawny, with darker streaks between
the veins, and with jive brown spots, one on each side of the discal
transverse along the prabrachial, one at each end of the discal trans-
verse, and one on the prasbrachial transverse ; discal transverse very
oblique and very deeply undulating, parted by very much more than its
length from the pr&brachial transverse, and by nearly half its length from
the border. Halteres pale testaceous. Abdomen and legs tawny.

Not rare. (E.I.)

6. retictdata, F. S.I. ii. 450. 77(1781); Gmel.; Latr.; Meig.;
Mcq. ; Zett. ; Loew. — obsoleta, Fal. Fulva, albido-tomentosa, thorace
quadrivittato, alis subhyalinis maculis plurimis transversisfuscis. Long.
3| ; alar. 7 lin.

Tawny. Head and thorax with whitish tomentum. Head whitish
beneath. Frontalia, proboscis, and palpi testaceous. Third joint of
tJie antenna hardly longer than the second; sixth plumose with short
hairs. Thorax with four tawny stripes. Wings nearly hyaline, with
numerous transverse brown spots between the longitudinal veins, greyish
towards the hind border ; discal transverse vein undulating, oblique,

168 MUSCID^E.

parted by more than its length from the praebrachial transverse, and
by hardly half its length from the border. Halteres testaceous. Tarsi
brownish.

Not rare. (E.)

7. punctata, F. E. S. iv. 347. 147 (1794); Meig.; Mcq.; Zett. ;
Loew. Ferruginea, thorace subvittato, alia cinereis, guttis plurimis
apud venas fuscis, pedibus fulvis. Long. 2|-; alar. 5 lin.

Ferruginous. Head yellow, pale testaceous, with white tomentum
beneath. Palpi yellow, clavate, with ferruginous tips. Antenna ferru-
ginous ; third joint much longer than the second; sixth black, with long
hairs. Thorax with indistinct darker stripes. Wings grey, with nume-
rous brown dots along the veins ; transverse veins clouded ; discal trans-
verse vein oblique, undulating, parted by much more than its length
from the prsebrachial transverse, and by more than half its length from
the border. Halteres testaceous. Legs tawny.

Not common. (E.)

8. umbrarum, L. Fn. 1864 (1761); Fal. ; Meig.; Zett.— gem-
mata, Ahrens. Ferruginea, capite flavo fusco-guttato, antennis ferru-
gineis, thoracis disco fusco lateribus testaceo-guttatis, alis fuscis Urn-
pido-guttatis, abdomine fusco, pedibus fulvis fusco-variis. Long. 2;
alar. 4 lin.

Ferruginous. Head yellow; front with brown dots; face white,
shining. Antennae ferruginous; third joint longer than the second;
sixth black, with long hairs. Thorax with testaceous dots on each
side ; disc brown. Wings brown, darJcest along the costa, thickly
covered with limpid dots; discal transverse vein very slightly oblique,
very slightly curved outward, parted by full twice its length from the
praebrachial transverse, and by half its length from the border. Hal-
teres pale testaceous. Abdomen brown. Legs tawny; femora with
brown bands ; tips of the tibise and of the tarsi brown.

Not common. (E. I.)

9. ferruginea, Fal. Sciom. 9. 9 (1820); Meig.; Mcq.; Zett.;
Loew. Testacea, antennis luteis, thorace ferrugineo-quadrivittato, alis
subfulvis strigis obscurioribus, venis transversis infuscatis, abdomine
pedibusque fulvis. Long. 2f -3^ ; alar. 5-7 lin.

Testaceous. Head luteous, whitish beneath. Proboscis ferruginous.
Palpi whitish. Antennce luteous; third joint longer than the second;
sixth black, with long hairs. Thorax with four ferruginous stripes.
Wings slightly tawny, with indistinct darker streaks between the veins,
and frequently clouded with brown along the costa; transverse veins
clouded with brown ; discal transverse oblique, almost straight or
slightly curved outward, parted by nearly half its length from the
prabrachial transverse, and by nearly twice its length from the border.
Halteres pale testaceous. Abdomen and legs tawny.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

SEPEDON. 169

10. Hieracii, F. E. S. iv. 361. 201 (1794); Meig.; Mcq.—
Argus, F. — nemorum, Fal. ; Zett. Testacea, thorace ferrugineo-macu-
lato, alia nigro-fuscis e guttis limpidis trifasdatis, abdomine fusco-albido
fasciato. Long. 2 ; alar. 4 lin.

Testaceous, with white tomentum beneath. Head white beneath.
Proboscis tawny. Palpi whitish. Third joint of the antenna a little
longer than the second; sixth black, with long hairs, testaceous towards
the base. Thorax with ferruginous spots. Wings blackish-brown, with
numerous limpid dots, which form three irregular bands; discal trans-
verse vein slightly oblique, very slightly undulating, parted by much
more than half its length from the prsebrachial transverse, and by a
little less than half its length from the border. Halteres whitish. Ab-
domen brown, with whitish interrupted bands on the hind borders of
the segments. Legs pale testaceous.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

11. sylvatica, Meig. Zw. vi. 41. 15 (1830) ; Mcq. ; Zett. ; Loew.
— -ferruginea var. minor, Fal. Rufo-fulva, antennis fulvis, articulo se-
cundo vix elongato, alis subdnereis antice subflavis, pedibus testaceis.
Long. 3-3£ ; alar. 6-7 lin.

Reddish-tawny. Head testaceous beneath. Antenna tawny ; second
joint shorter than usual; third a little longer than the second; sixth
black, very deeply plumose. Wings greyish, yellowish in front ; trans-
verse veins clouded; discal transverse oblique, slightly curved outward,
parted by more than twice its length from the prabrachial transverse,
and by more than half its length from the border. Halteres and legs
testaceous.

Not common. Inhabits woods. (E. I.)

The following additional species of Tetanocera have been recorded
as British : —

1. chaerophylli, F. 4. arrogans, Meig.

2. pratorum, Fal. 5. elata, F.

3. obliterata, F. 6. dorsalis, F.

Genus XII. SEPEDON.

SEPEDON, Latr. G. C. iv. 350 (1809); Fal.; Meig.; Mcq.; Zett.
Syrphus p., F. Mulio p., F. ; Schell. ; Pz. Baccha p., F. Scato-
phaga p., F. Musca p., Schr. ; Gmel. ; Pz.

Corpus angustum. Frons depressa. Facies obliqua. Peristoma valde
productum. Antenna longa ; articulus tertius secundo brevior. Pedes
sat longi ; femora postica subincrassata, subtus spinosa ; tibia postica
subarcuata.
Body narrow, slightly pubescent, with very few bristles. Front de-

VOL. II. Z

170

pressed. Face oblique. Epistoma prominent. Peristoma much pro-
duced,, like a short beak. Proboscis short ; labella broad. Palpi almost
filiform. Antennae long ; third joint elongate-conic, convex above, shorter
than the second; sixth setiform, stout, bare. Thorax elongate-subqua-
drate, with no transverse furrow. Wings moderate ; costal vein end-
ing on the hind border very near the tip of the wing ; subcostal ending
at about one-third of the length; mediastinal ending before half the
length ; radial ending a little beyond five-sixths of the length ; cubital
and pra3brachial very slightly diverging between the transverse veins,
almost parallel from the discal transverse to the border ; discal trans-
verse slightly oblique, curved outward, parted by twice its length from
the pra3brachial transverse, and by half its length from the border.
Abdomen subfusiform, longer than the thorax. Legs rather long ; hind
femora slightly incrassated, armed beneath with spines ; hind tibiae slightly
curved.

These flies inhabit aquatic plants.

1. sphegeus, F. S. I. ii. 429. 40 (1781) ; Gmel. ; Pz. ! Fn. Ixx.
21; Fal.; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zeii.—rufipes, F. ; Pz. ! Fn. Ix. 13.— den-
tipes, Schell.—jlavipes, Schr. — -palustris, Latr. Nigra, glauco-tomen-
tosa, thorace quadrivittato, alis cinereis, pedibus rufis, tarsis fuscis.
Long. 4 ; alar. 8 lin.

Black, shining, slightly metallic, with glaucous tomentum. Second
joint of the antenna much longer than the third ; sixth white towards
the tip. Thorax with four black stripes. Wings grey, with a lurid
tinge in front and along the borders of the veins. Halteres red, with
a whitish band. Legs bright red ; tarsi brown.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

2. Hseffneri, Fal. Sciom. 3. 21 (1820); Meig.; Mcq.; Zett.
Ferruginea, albido-tomentosa, thorace sexvittato, alis subluridis. Long.
3^ ; alar. 7 lin.

Ferruginous, with whitish tomentum. Third joint of the antenna a
little shorter than the second, brown towards the tip ; sixth white to-
wards the tip. Thorax with six ferruginous stripes. Wings slightly
lurid, almost limpid towards the hind border. Halteres testaceous.

Less common than the preceding species. (E. I.)

Genus XIII. DORYCERA.

DORYCERA, HofFm. ; Meig. Zw. vi. 29 (1830); Mcq.; Zett. Musca
p., F. E. S. Scatophaga p., F. S. A. Tetanocera p., Latr. ; Coqueb.
—Geoff.

Corpus angustum, lineare. Caput longum. Frons porrecta, conica,
depressa. Fades valde obliqua. Antennae porrectas ; articulus tertius
secundo brevior ; arista basi incrassata et subangulata.

BORBORIDES. 171

Body narrow, linear, pubescent, with a few bristles. Head long.
Front porrect, conical, depressed. Face very oblique. Epistoma and
peristoma not prominent. Antenna porrect ; third joint elongate-coni-
cal, shorter than the second; sixth setiform, bare, incrassated and slightly
bent towards the base. Thorax elongate-subquadrate. Wings rather
short ; costal vein ending on the hind border near the tip of the wing ;
subcostal ending at much beyond one-third of the length ; mediastinal
ending at much beyond half the length ; radial ending at beyond seven-
eighths of the length ; cubital and praebrachial very slightly diverging
between the transverse veins, and very slightly converging from the
discal transverse to the tip ; discal transverse straight, nearly upright,
parted by nearly twice its length from the praebrachial transverse, and
by less than half its length from the border. Abdomen linear, longer
than the thorax. Legs pubescent ; femora with very few bristles.

1. graminum, F. E. S. iv. 346. 143 (1781); Latr. ; Coqueb. ;
Meig. ! Zw. vi. pi. 57. f. 5 ; Mcq. ; Zett. — Geoff. Nigra, cinereo-to-
mentosa, capite pallido, thorace quadrivittato, alis albis fusco variis,
abdomine univittato, pedibus fulvis. Long. 3 ; alar. 5^ lin.

Dull-black, with cinereous tomentum. Head testaceous beneath,
white about the eyes. Front luteous, ferruginous on each side. Tho-
rax with four black stripes, outer pair dilated in front. Wings whitish,
partly brown in front and towards the tips ; transverse veins clouded
with brown. Halteres pale yellow. Abdomen with a cinereous stripe.
Legs tawny ; tarsi brown towards the tips.

Not common, but appearing occasionally in profusion. (E.)

The following additional species of this family have been re-
corded as British : —

TETANOPS, Fal. LUCINA, Meig. EURINA, Meig.

1. myopina, Fal. 1. fasciata, Meig. 1. lurida, Meig.

SUBFAMILY 2. BORBORIDES.

BORBORIDES, Hal.; Westw. Cl. 1. 144 (1839). Borborus, Meig.
Spharocera, Latr. Copromyza p., Fal. Putrellide&p.j'Desv. Spha-
roceridce, Mcq. ; Hal. E. M. Vopromgzma, Zett.

Antennarum articulus tertius sphceroideus ; arista dorsalis, elongata, gra-

cillima. Alarum vena subcostalis vix costee trientem pertingens. Alula

fere nulla. Metatarsus posticus dilatatus, articulo secundo brevior.

Front broad, subquadrate, a little inclined. Orbits, frontalia, and

stemmatic triangle usually distinguished. Face broad, impressed,

membranaceous. Epistoma prominent, bearing bristles at the corners.

Clypeus exserted, transverse. Peristoma very large, rounded. Labium

thick, fleshy ; below with a broad bellying sheath of horny consistence.

172 MUSCID^E.

and hairy. Labella round, obliquely striate. Labrum short. Tongue
obsolete. Maxilla with a small linear and hairy lobe disengaged from
the tip. Palpi linear, bristly. Eyes round. Antenna rather distant,
short, slightly deflected ; first joint very small ; second as long as the
third; third transversely spheroidal, obliquely compressed; arista dorsal,
long and slender, with only two joints apparent. Thorax rather depressed.
Wings in repose lying flat on the back ; subcostal vein short ; axillary
lobe rather large. Alulae extremely small, the lower valve disappearing.
Abdomen depressed, oblong ; in the male with six visible segments,
the penultimate being withdrawn ; in the female with five segments,
the remainder being very small, tubular and internal ; sometimes less
than five, from some being indistinct. Legs long, formed for running
or leaping ; hind metatarsus dilated, shorter than the second joint. Ony-
chia distinct, feathery.

The larvae feed on decaying substances, and many of the species
are excessively abundant. The genera may be grouped thus : —

rbare ... 1. SPH^.ROCERA.
/'With the basal joint scarcely distinct <

(.pubescent . . 2. BORBORUS.

( perpendicular . 3. LIMOSINA.
jointed at the base. Discal transverse J * *

I vein of the wing . -(oblique. . . 4. HETEROPTERA.

Genus I. SPHUEROCERA.

SPH^EROCERA, Mcq. D. ii. 564. 11 (1835); Hal. Musca p., F. Ca-
lobata p., F. Ehagio p., Schr. Borborus A b, Meig. Lordatia et
Coprina, Desv. Copromyza p., Zett.

From et scutellum setis experta. Arista glabra, quasi exarticulata.

Vena discalis transversa ab alee margins remota. Areola analis com-

pleta.

Front much produced, flat, without long bristles. Face very short,
concave. Antennas reposing in deep lateral cavities. Arista bare, the
first joint very minute. Thorax with very protuberant callosities, the
suture before the wings deep, the sides of the metathorax angular.
Discal transverse vein distant by its own length from the border ; pobra-
chial vein continued beyond it ; prasbrachial vein approaching the cubi-
tal, at the tip of the wing, by a gentle curve ; anal areolet and the small
one before it complete. Abdomen broad, very flat, margined, the first
segment almost concealed. Middle tibia3 without lateral bristles, hind
pair ending in a curved spur ; hind metatarsus very much dilated.
a. Thorax and scutellum with a number of minute points, which are

disposed in distant lines on the former, and scattered over the latter.

Species 1, 2.

SPH.EROCERA. 173

a a. Thorax and scutellum granulated, the margin of the latter denticu-
late. Species "3-5.

1. subsultans, F. Sp. I. ii. 444. 1 (1781); Schr.; Fal.; Meig.;
Mcq. ; Hal. ; Zett. — curvipes, Latr. — merdarum, stercoraria, cadaverina,
et necrophaga, Desv. Abdominis segmento secundo pragrandi, pedibus
posticis elongatis incrassatis ; Mas, femoribm clavatis. Long. l?-2£ ;
alar. 3-4 lin.

Rather dull-black, with faint lines on the thorax ; frontal triangle
more glossy. Wings yellowish-hyaline, often with brown streaks be-
tween the veins. Halteres dingy-white. Abdomen very broad, the second
segment appearing very large, as the third is confounded with it ; the rest
small, and gradually narrower. Coxa? and base of the tibiae rust-brown.
Hind legs very long, with thick femora and tibia ; spur strong ; hind
femora of the male still more thickened. Var. Posterior legs testaceous,
with dusky knees and tarsi.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

2. monilis, Hal. E. M. iii. 319. 2 (1836). Pedibus simplicibus,
annulo tarsorum anticorum albo. Long. 1^ ; alar. 3 lin.

Head and thorax as in 8. subsultans. Abdomen, in the female par-
ticularly, broader than the thorax ; second, third, and fourth segments
nearly equal ; fifth small. Hind legs scarcely thicker in the male than
in the female^ fore tarsi rather thick, with tlie end of the first joint and
the entire second white.

Not common. In Mr. Holiday's collection. (E.)

3. denticulata, Meig. Zw. vi. 200. 3 (1830); Mcq.; Hal.— bo-
vina, Desv. Capite thoraceque nigris, femoribus posticis mans parum
incrassatis. Long. 1£; alar. 2^-2f lin.

Dull-black. Arista blackish. Thorax and scutellum shagreened
and set with minute points, the former with two impressed smooth
lines, the margin of the latter with a number of sharp teeth. Wings
hyaline, with brownish veins of a dusky tinge, with the costal vein
blackish. Halteres whitish. Abdomen as in S. monilis. Coxae and
knees brown; hind femora of the male a little thickened, of the female
slender. Var. Legs testaceous ; tarsi and tips of fore tibia3 dusky.

Common. (E. S. I.)

4. vaporariorum, Hal. E. M. iii. 319. 3 (1836).— -coprina, Hfsv.
Capite thoraceque nigris, femoribus posticis maris clavatis, fosm. parum
incrassatis. Long. 1 ; alar. 2 lin.

Resembles S. denticulata, but the hind femora of the male are nearly
as large as in S. subsultans, and a little thickened in the female also.
Thorax generally without impressed lines, but more irregularly and
thinly shagreened about the middle than elsewhere. Abdomen attenu-
ate behind. Wings shorter than in S. denticulata, and hind metatarsus
less dilated.

Common. (E. I.)

J74 MUSCID.E.

5. scabricula, Hal. E. M. iii. 320. 5 (1836). Castaneo-fusca,
abdomine nigro. Long, f ; alar. 1|- lin.

Head and thorax chestnut-brown, opaque, very thickly shagreened, and
set with minute white points, lying flat. Head very long. Eyes small.
Arista whitish. Teeth of the scutellum very short, decurved. "Wings
whitish-hyaline, with pale ferruginous veins, shorter than in S. denti-
culata ; costal vein brown ; rib finely ciliate. Abdomen black. Legs
short, set with very minute whitish bristles, light brown; knees and
tarsi paler ; hind femora of the male not thickened ; tarsi very short ;
hind metatarsus as long as the next three joints together.

Rare. In Mr. Holiday's collection. (E.)

Genus II. BORBORUS.

BOKBORUS, A. C. et B., Meig. Borborus et Apterina, Mcq. ; Hal.
Sphcerocera, Nerea, et Mycetia, Desv. Copromyza p., et Limosina p.,
Zett.

Arista pubescent, quasi exarticulata. Frons et scutellum setigerce. Areola

analis completa. Vena discalis transversa alee margini proximo,.

Front less produced than in Spha?rocera, some long bristles bordering
the frontalia ; face longer. Antennas obliquely advanced ; arista pu-
bescent, the basal joint very minute. Thorax smooth ; scutellum short,
with a pair of bristles at the end. Anal areolet of the wing and the
small one before it complete; transverse veins remote, the discal one
being close to the border, and the pobrachial vein scarcely, if at all,
continued beyond it ; cubital and prsebrachial veins not approaching.
a. Wings and halteres developed.

b. Hind tibia? armed with a spur.

c. Middle tibia? bristly on the outer side. Species 1-3.

c c. Middle tibia? hardly bristly on the outer side. Species 4-8.

b b. Hind tibia? without spurs. Species 9.
a a. Wings and halteres rudimentary. — Apterina. Species 10.

1. nitidus, Meig. Zw. vi. 201. 4 (1830); Desv.; Mcq.; Hal.
E. M. iii. ; Zett. — hamatus, Hal. E. M. I. ; Curt. Niger, nitidus, hal-
teribus albidis, alis ferrugineis, rnaris femoribus posticis basi uncinatis.
Long. 2-| ; alar. 5 Kn.

Shining-black. Frontalia dull-black. Palpi not dilated. Thorax
with a brassy tinge. Wings rust-yellow; veins brown; transverse
veins often darker. Halteres whitish. Segments of the abdomen nearly
equal in length. Legs hairy ; posterior coxa?, trochanters, and knees
sometimes rust-brown ; middle tibice with a row of long spines down the
outside. Male. Abdomen with two filiform appendages beneath. Femora
very thick ; fore pair serrate below ; hind pair longer, curved, armed at

BORBORUS. 175

the base below with a hook, the small second spur of the hind tibiae is
twisted and angular, and catches on the hook. Fore metatarsus slightly
unguiculate at the tip ; first and second joints of hind tarsi covered
below with yellow down, the latter thickened. Fern. Fore femora only
thickened ; hind femora with a tubercle instead of the hook ; basal
joints of the hind tarsi more slender than in the male.
Not common. (E. S. I.)

2. suillorum, Hal. E. M. in* 322. 2 (1836).— tibialis, Desv.—
communis, Desv. — punctipennis ? Mcq. Niger, nitidus, alls ferrugineis,
venis transversis infuscatis, halteribus albidis. Long. 1£ ; alar. 3 lin.

Very like B. nitidus, but the transverse veins of the wings are con-
stantly suffused with brown ; the bristles on the outside of the middle
tibiae are much finer ; the legs more slender, the femora of the male
unarmed, and only the fore pair thickened; the second joint of the
hind tarsi is slender ; the posterior coxae, the trochanters and tarsi, and
the extreme base of the tibiae, are rust-brown, the fore and hind tarsi
darker. Var. Tibiae and tarsi ferruginous ; end of the fore tibiae and
base of the fore and hind tarsi brown.

Not common. (E. I.)

3. niger, Meig. Zw. vi. 201. 6 (1830) ; Mcq. ; Hal. ; Zett. Niger,
opacus, villosus, alis hyalinis, halteribus fuscis. Long. 2i; alar. 4^ lin.

Dull-black, hairy. Front with a glossy line. Arista thickly pubes-
cent. Thorax slightly tinged with green. Wings obscurely hyaline;
veins brown. Halteres dusky. Segments of the abdomen nearly equal ;
knees and tarsi dusky; fore femora thick, hairy; middle tibiae with
strong bristles or spines on the outside ; second joint of the hind tarsi
scarcely thickened. Male. Fore metatarsus unguiculate at the tip.

Not common. (E. I.)

4. equinus, Fal. Het. 6. 2 (1820); Meig.; Mcq.; Hal.; Zett.—-
communis, Desv.—fuliginosa, Desv. — coprivora ? Desv. Arista subnuda,
abdominis segmento secundo maximo, tar sis posticis brevibus ; Mas, meta-
tarso antico inermi. Long. l£-2£ ; alar. 3-5 lin.

Arista with very thin and short pubescence. Second segment of the
abdomen much larger than the third. Hind tarsi short, broad. The
characters of this species and of its larva are fully described by Mr.
Haliday (Ent. Mag. iii. 323, 335).

Everywhere abundant. (E. S. I.)

5. nigrif emoratus ? Mcq. D. ii. 567. 5 (1835); Hal. Niger,
nitidus, fronte pedibusque testaceis, arista subnuda, abdominis segmentis
sub<zqualibus,femoribus anticis, in mare omnibus nigris, maris metatarso
antico inermi. Long. 2 ; alar. 4 lin. — B. equinus var. ?

Narrow margin of the front testaceous. Transverse veins of the wings
more remote than in B. equinus ; praebrachial transverse vein not reach-
ing to one-third of the discal areolet ; second and third segments of the

176

abdomen nearly equal in length. Tibise and tarsi brown, base of the tarsi
testaceous ; hind tarsi longer than in B. equinus. Male. Glossy-black.
Var. Posterior tibia3 and middle tarsi entirely testaceous.
Not common. (E.)

6. flavipennis, Hal. E. M. iii. 324. 6 (1836). Fcem. Niger,
facie coxis anticis et genubus testaceis, alis Jlavescentibus pallido-venosis,
halter ibus albidis. Long. 1^; alar. ^JJ lin.

Black. Frontalia dull ; triangle glossy. Face and palpi testaceous.
Thorax shining. fPings yellowish ; veins scarcely darker ; praebrachial
transverse vein placed at about the first third of the discal areolet.
Halteres whitish. Abdomen dull-black; second segment not longer
than the third. Legs hairy ; fore coxae and the extreme base of the
tibias rust-yellow. Resembles B. longipennis, but the transverse veins
are much less distant, the fore and hind femora are thick, the hind
metatarsus is almost triangular, the second very little longer.

Not common. (E.)

7. longipennis, Hal. E. M. iii. 324. 7 (1836). Niger, alis pal-
lido-venosis, venis transversis remotis, halteribus albidis, pedibus ferru-
gineis, femoribus et tibiarum apicefuscis. Long. H; alar. 3 lin.

Black, pubescent, with little gloss. Frontalia opaque. Things hya-
line with pale veins ; prcebrachial transverse vein usually at the first fifth
of the discal areolet. Halteres whitish. Segments of the abdomen
nearly equal ; underside and sometimes the incisures pale. Legs hairy ;
second joint of the hind tarsi a little thickened, one-half longer than
the first ; the spur springs before the extremity of the hind tibia3, and
is very slender and long. Male. Extremity of the abdomen hairy, but
little thickened. Legs pitchy-brown ; fore coxae, knees, and base of the
tibia rust-brown; fore metatarsus very distinctly unguiculate. Fern.
Legs rust-brown or rust-yellow ; fore and hind tarsi, end of the tidies and
of the posterior femora brown.

Common. (E. I.)

8. vitripennis, Meig. Zw. vi. 206. 20 (1833); Hal.; Zett.
Niger, alis hyalinis fusco-venosis, venis transversis remotis, halteribus
albidis. Long. 1 ; alar. 2-^ lin.

Resembles B. longipennis in most characters. Entirely black. Fron-
talia very deep black, opaque. Triangle and thorax shining. Wing-
veins more apparent; transverse veins scarcely so remote. Base of
the halteres blackish. Abdomen of the male clavate and less hairy at
the tip. Legs entirely black. Far. Legs less hairy and much longer ;
second joint of the hind tarsi not thickened.

Not common. Inhabits the sea-coast. (E. I.)

9. ater, Meig. Zw. vi. 203. 11 (1830) ; ^A.—geniculatus, Mcq. ;
Zett. Niger, nitidus,glaber,fronte antice et genubus testaceis, halteribus
albidis. Long. 1£ ; alar. 3 lin.

LIMOSINA. 177

Glossy-black, nearly glabrous. Fore margin of the front and sides
of the face testaceous. Frontalia almost bare, narrow, dull black.
Arista very slightly pubescent. Scutellum flat, semicircular, with mi-
nute terminal bristles. Wings hyaline; veins brown; middle of the
costal blackish ; praebrachial transverse vein a little above the middle
of the discal areolet. Segments of the abdomen nearly equal. Legs
rather short, almost bare ; fore femora thick and shining ; extreme
base of the tibiae, in general also the fore coxae and the base of the
middle tarsi, pale testaceous ; second joint of the hind tarsi not dilated.
Male. Fore metatarsus not unguiculate.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

10. pedestris, Meig. Zw. vi. 209. 30 (1830); Mcq. ; Hal. ; Zett.
Niger, opacus, alls halteribusque brevissimis. Long. 1^-1 J lin.

Dull-black, hairy. Arista pubescent. Scutellum very obtusely tri-
angular. Wings shorter than the thorax ; discal transverse vein falling
on the margin, and forming a continuation of the costal vein. Hal-
teres abortive, dusky. Abdomen of the male short, clavate; second
segment very large, with a longitudinal line ; following segments very
short, the last large. Legs long, hairy ; femora thick, especially the
fore pair; hind tibiae with a curved spur; second joint of the tarsi
twice as long as the first, not thickened. Male. Fore metatarsus un-
guiculate.

Not common. (E.)

Genus III. LIMOSINA.

LIMOSINA, Mcq. D. ii. 571 (1835) ; Hal. ; Zett. Borborus A e, Meig.
Mycetia et Nerea, Desv.

Arista pubescens, basi geniculata. Areola analis incompleta. Vena
transverse approximates ; vena prabrachialis et pobracJiialis abbreviate .
Front bristly. Arista pubescent ; first joint a little elongated. Scu-
tellum large, flat, with long bristles. Costal vein of the wing often
bristly at the base; radial distant from the tip ; prcebrachial and pobra-
chial vanishing before the discal transverse vein, which is remote from the
border ; no anal areolet, nor any complete one above the discal. Middle
legs elongated, the tibiae usually with lateral spines or bristles ; no spur
at the end of the hind tibia.
a. Antennae obliquely porrect.

b. Disc of the scutellum smooth, bare.

c. Male having the fourth abdominal segment furnished at each

angle with a long curved tuft of hair. Species 1.
c c. Fourth abdominal segment bare.

d. Halteres black, with a whitish head. Species 2, 3.
d d. Halteres of one colour, or paler at the base. Sp. 4-15.
VOL. ii. 2 A

178 MUSCID^E.

b 1. Scutellum with several bristles at the sides, and a few on the

disc. Species 16.

b b b. Scutellum pubescent. Species 17, 18.

a a. Antennae turned in opposite directions, lying close to the eyes.
Scutellum glabrous, with four bristles.
b. Eyes bare.

c. Marginal areolet extending beyond the middle of the costa.
Species 19, 20.

c c. Marginal areolet very small. Species 21.
b b. Eyes small, with minute erect hairs. Species 22.

1. sylyatica, Meig. Zvv. vi. 207. 24 (1830) ; Mcq. ; Hal. ; Zett.—
claripennis, Desv. Nigra, nitida, alis subhyalinis, halteribus fuscis.
Long. If ; alar. 3| lin.

Shining -black. Frontalia dull blackish-brown. Face testaceous.
Arista very delicately pubescent. Scutellum long, with two marginal
and two apical bristles. Wings hyaline or yellowish; veins dusky;
costal blackish, ciliate at the base ; radial terminating half-way between
the subcostal and the cubital, the latter a little sinuous, running to the
tip of the wing; discal areolet longer than usual, with its posterior
angle rounded. Halter es blackish-brown. Legs long, pubescent ; spines
of the middle tibiaa few and distant ; second joint of the hind tarsi
linear, not thickened, more than twice as long as the first. Male.
Middle femora bearded, armed with a long spine at the base beneath ;
middle tibia? with a pencil of hair within, about the middle j middle
metatarsus compressed, hollowed out below, and bearded.

Abundant. (E. S. I.)

2. limosa, Fal. Het. 8. 6 (1820); Meig.; Mcq.; Hal.; Zett.—
riparia, Desv. Nigra, scutelli setis bis quaternis, alis infuscatis. Long.
1^; alar. 3 lin.

Dusky -black. Front thickly set with bristles. Face short, brownish,
very much elevated between the antennas. Thorax often dull rusty-
brown. Scutellum long, produced beyond the metathorax, with three
bristles at each side and two at the tip. Wings brownish ; costal vein
bristly at the base ; radial continued nearly to two-thirds of the inter-
val between the subcostal and the cubital, the latter reaching the tip of
the wing ; discal transverse vein parted by about twice its length from
the prasbrachial transverse vein. Legs thinly hairy. Middle tibiaa
thickly armed with spines ; middle tarsi bristly ; second joint of the
hind tarsi linear, twice as long as the first.

Very abundant. (E. S. I.)

3. humida, Hal. E. M. iii. 328. 3 (1836). Nigra, facie albida,
scutelli setis quaternis. Long. 1| ; alar. 3 lin.

Like L. limosa, but with much fewer and slighter bristles on every part ;
one only at each side of the scutellum, which is not so long. Face hoary.

LIMOSINA. 179

Thorax with dull blue reflections. Wings obscure hyaline ; base of the
costal vein and legs simply pubescent. Abdomen with a glaucous tinge.
Not rare. (E. I.)

4. arcnata, Mcq. D. ii. 572. 4 (1835) ; Hal. Nigra, scutelli setis
bis quaternis, vena cubitali subarcuata, tibiis tarsisqueferruginosis. Long.
1-H; alar. 2-3 lin.

Like L. limosa ; face less elevated. Wings obscure hyaline or brown-
ish ; veins rust-brown ; costal bristly at the base ; radial extending over
two-thirds of the interval betioeen the subcostal and the cubital, the latter
recurved, and terminating before the tip of the wing ; discal transverse
vein parted by half again its length from the praebrachial transverse
vein. Halteres dusky-red. Fore coxae, tibia at each end, and tarsi red-
dish-brown.

Common. (E. S. I.)

5. geniculata, Mcq. ii. 572. 3 (1835) ; Hal. Nigra, scutelli setis
bis ternis, alis infuscatis, halteribus fuscis, coxis anticis genubus tarsisque
ferruginosis. Long. 1 ; alar. 2 lin.

Resembles L. arcuata, but the wings are as in L. limosa. Scutellum
with two bristles on each side.

Bare. In Mr. Haliday's collection. (E. I.)

6. crassimana, Hal. E. M. iii. 328. 6 (1836). — stercoraria, Desv.
Nigra, alis infumatis, halteribus fuscis, tarsis crassis ; Mas, tibiis anticis
clavato-compressis. Long. |— 1 ; alar. 2-2-| lin.

Black. Front sometimes with a narrow reddish margin. Arista
finely pubescent. Scutellum scarcely so long as the metathorax, with
but four bristles, as in the nine following species. Wings rarely hyaline,
generally dusky ; veins darker; base of the costal ciliate with short
hairs ; radial ending nearer to the cubital than to the subcostal ; discal
transverse vein generally parted by half again its length from the prse-
brachial transverse vein. Halteres brown or blackish. Legs more pu-
bescent than in any of the following species; bristles of the middle
tibia3 scattered; tarsi thick. Male. Fore tibia clavate, furrowed ; fore
tarsi dilated ; hind tarsi with two dilated joints.

Abundant. (E. S. I.)

7. ochripes, Meig. Zw. vi. 209. 29 (1830) ; Mcq. ; Hal. ; Zett.
Nigra, capita pedibusque rufs, tarsis posticis nigris. Long. 1-1 i ; alar.
2|-2f lin.

Black. Head tawny-red, a dot on the crown, and the occiput black.
Antennae sometimes red at the base. Arista very delicately pubescent.
Scutellum shorter than the metathorax. Wings almost hyaline ; veins
pale; base of the costal pubescent; radial ending half-way between
the subcostal and the cubital ; discal transverse parted by nearly twice
its length from the prabrachial transverse. Halteres whitish. Legs
pubescent, tawny ; hind tarsi, generally also fore tarsi and tips of fore

180 MUSCIDJ3.

tibiae, blackish ; middle tibiae with few bristles ; second joint of hind
tarsi linear, twice as long as the first.
Not rare. (E. I.)

8. scutellaris, Hal. E. M. iii. 329. 8 (1836). Nigra, facie coxis
genubusque teslaceis, scutello aterrimo, halteribus albidis, tarsorum posti-
corum articulis duobus incrassatis. Long. | ; alar. 2 lin.

Like L. ochripes. Face and fore margin of the front pale testaceous.
Thorax glossy-black. Scutellum elongate, opaque, deep black. Wings
hyaline ; veins pale-brown ; costal darker ; radial ending much further
from the subcostal than from the cubital, which does not quite reach
the tip of the wing. Halteres whitish. Abdomen dull-black. Tibiae
and tarsi dusky ; fore coxa, base of the tibia, often the entire of the
middle tibia and tarsi testaceous or rust-brown; second joint of hind
tarsi thickened, twice as long as the first.

Not common. (E. I.)

9. nivalis, Hal. E. M. i. 178 (1834). Nigra, facie pedibusque
ferruginosis, alis halteribusque abbreviatis. Long. 1 lin.

Dusky-black. Face dull rust-colour. Arista finely pubescent. Scu-
tellum shorter than the metathorax. Wings brownish, not extending to
the end of the abdomen, sometimes very small. Halteres abortive, dusky ;
no prabrachial transverse vein. Legs pubescent, dull rust-colour ; femora
and often the middle of the posterior tibiaB dusky ; second joint of hind
tarsi not dilated.

Not rare. (I.)

10. quisquilia, Hal. E. M. iii. 330. 10 (1836). Nigra, alis in-
fumatis, halteribus fuscis ; Mas, tibiis simplicibus. Long. 1 ; alar. 21 lin.

Like I/, crassimana, but tJie tarsi are slender, and the fore tibia not
clavate in the male. Scutellum longer and legs more pubescent than in
most of the following species.

Eare. In Mr. Halida/s collection. (I.)

11. fungicola, Hal. E. M. iii. 330. 11 (1836). Nigra, nitida,
fronte opaca, alarum lineola costali nigra, halteribus nigris. Long, f ;

alar. 2 lin.

Glossy-black ; pubescence very fine. Front opaque, deep black, with
a glossy triangle. Face elevated between the antennae, rather hoary.
Wings ample, blackish, rarely hyaline; veins dusky, black from the sub-
costal to the radial, which extends scarcely half-way from the subcostal
to the cubital ; costal pubescent at the base ; discal transverse parted
by almost twice its length from the praebrachial transverse ; submar-
ginal areolet wider than usual.

Not rare. (E. I.)

12. erratica, Hal. E. M. iii. 330. 12 (1836). Nigro-fusca, facie
pedibusque ferrugineis, alis infumatis, halteribus fuscis. Long, f ; alar.
2 lin.

LIMOSINA. 181

Like L.fungicola ; marginal and submarginal areolets much narrower;
transverse veins less distant. Legs sometimes entirely ferruginous ; in
others the femora and the middle of the tibiae are pitchy, or the legs
are blackish, with the knees and tarsi ferruginous. Wings brownish,
with distinct brown veins, the costal vein not incrassated. It differs from
L. clunipes by tJie wings, by t/te second joint of the hind tarsi, which is not
thickened, and by other characters.

Bare. In Mr. Holiday's collection.

13. clunipes, Meig. Zw. vi. 208. 26 (1830) ; Mcq. ; Hal. Nigro-
fusca, facie pedibusque ferrugineis, alis hyalinis, Jtalteribus fuscis, tarso-
rum posticorum articulis duobus incrassatis. Long, f ; alar. 1£ lin.

Dusky. Margin of the front and the face ferruginous. Arista thickly
pubescent. Pectus and legs ferruginous. Wings hyaline ; veins nearly
colourless ; costal ferruginous, slightly ciliated at the base, without a
spine, a little thickened along the middle ; radial ending half-way be-
tween the subcostal and the cubital ; discal transverse parted by rather
more than its length from the prsebrachial transverse. Second joint of
the hind tarsi nearly twice as long as the first, and a little thickened.

Not common. (E. I.)

14. spinipennis, Hal. E. M. iii. 331. 14 (1836). Nigra,pubes-
cens, alis denigratis, costa incrassata basi spinigera, haltenbus nigris.
Long. -J; alar. 1^ lin.

Rather dull-black. Face elevated between the antennaa. Arista with
thick black pubescence. Thorax thickly pubescent. Wings blackish;
costal vein thickened along the middle, somewhat bristly at the base,
with a long erect spine springing near the root; other veins as in
L. clunipes. Halteres black. Middle tibia3 with more bristles than in
L. fungicola ; second joint of the hind tarsi scarcely thickened.

Rare. In Mr. Haliday's collection. (I.)

15. heteronenra, Hal. E. M. iii. 331. 15 (1836). Nigra,fade
pedibusque ferruginosis, alis infuscatis, venis transversis fere contiguis.
Long. -|; alar. 1|- lin.

Black, pubescent. Face reddish. Arista thickly pubescent. Wings
brownish; costal vein a little bristly at the base; radial vein as in
L. clunipes ; discal transverse parted from prcebrachial transverse by the
length of tJie latter. Halteres brown. Legs dusky, nearly bare ; fore
legs, knees, and tibia rust-brown ; middle tibia with a pair of bristles
only on tJie outside.

Rare. In Mr. Halida/s collection. (I.)

16. foscipennis, Hal. E. M. i. 178 (1834), Nigra, alis infus-
catis,halteribusfusciscapitulopallido,pedibuspiceis. Long. 1^ ; alar.
2|-lin.

Dusky-black, very like L. limosa ; transverse veins less distant ; legs
rather shorter and more Jiairy. Face very short and elevated between

182 MUSCID^).

the antennae, so that the head is nearly triangular above. Front thickly
set with bristles, its fore border piceous. Palpi reddish. Thorax and
scutellum often dull rust-brown. Scutellum elongate, with several
bristles at the sides and a few on the disc. Wings brownish; veins
dusky, nearly as in L. limosa. Halteres yellowish, dusky at the base.
Abdomen opaque, black. Legs hairy, pitchy-brown ; middle legs very
thickly armed with spines or bristles ; second joint of hind tarsi not
thickened.

Inhabits seaweeds on the shore. (E. I.)

17. vagans, Hal. E. M. i. 178 (1834). Nigra, opaca, alis infu-
matis, halteribusflavidis. Long. 1 ; alar. 2 lin.

Dull-black. Eyes small. Arista finely and thickly pubescent. Scu-
tellum as long as the metathorax. Wings and veins brownish-yellow ;
costal more dusky, rather thick, bristly at the base ; radial extending
over two-thirds of the interval between the subcostal and the cubital ;
discal transverse parted by more than its length from the prsebrachial
transverse. Halteres yellowish. Legs dusky, pubescent; fore coxae
and knees, and middle tarsi, and sometimes the legs, entirely rust-
brown ; middle tibia? with numerous bristles ; second joint of the hind
tarsi not thickened, twice as long as the first.

Not rare. Inhabits seaweed. (E. I.)

18. lugubris, Hal. E. M. iii. 332. 18 (1836). Nigr a, pubescent,
alis denigratisy halteribusfuscis. Long. £ ; alar. 1£ lin.

Deep black. Face piceous. Eyes larger than of L. vagans. Scutel-
lum shorter. Wings blackish ; base of the costal vein less bristly ; radial
ending half-way between the subcostal and the cubital ; transverse veins
not so distant. Middle tibia? and tarsi dusky; middle tibiae with fewer
bristles ; second joint of the hind tarsi shorter.

Common. (E. I.)

19. Zosterae, Hal. E. M. i. 178 (1834). Nigra, opaca> alis infu-
matis. Long. 1^; alar. 3 lin.

Opaque-black. Front gibbous, bristly. Face much elevated between
the antenna?. Second joint of the antenna? very bristly, larger than
the third ; arista with thick whitish pubescence. Thorax scarcely pu-
bescent, very flat, with an impressed line down the middle. Scutellum
not so long as the metathorax. Wings and veins brownish-yellow;
costal more dusky, rather thick, bristly at the base ; radial extending
little more than half-way between the subcostal and the cubital ; discal
transverse parted by much more than its length from the pra?brachial
transverse. Halteres with a deep brown knob. Legs piceous, rather
short, thinly hairy ; knees and tarsi tawny ; middle tibia? with nume-
rous bristles ; second joint of hind tarsi not very long, scarcely thick-
ened. Var. Legs tawny.

Common on seaweed. (E. I.)

HETEEOPTEBA. 183

20. leucoptera, Hal. E. M. iii. 333. 20 (1836). Nigro-fusca,
alls albis, costa nigricante. Long, f ; alar, li lin.

Dusky, with paler legs. Eyes small. Arista with thick whitish pu-
bescence. Scutellum short, nearly semicircular. Wings whitish ; cos-
tal vein and those next to it dusky, the rest colourless ; costal region
dusky towards the end; costal vein with a few bristles at the base, a
little thickened from the subcostal to the radial vein, the latter ending
much nearer to the subcubital ; marginal areolet long and very narrow ;
submarginal broad, not extending quite to the tip of the wing ; discal
transverse vein parted by its length from the praebrachial transverse.
Halteres brown. Middle tibiae bristly ; second joint of hind tarsi long,
scarcely thickened.

Rare. In Mr. Halida/s collection. (E.)

21. nigerrima, Hal. E. M. iii. 334. 21 (1836).— aterrima, Hal.
E. M. i. 178. — minima, Mcq. — vitripennist Zett. Atra, velutina, alis
albis. Long, vix ^ ; alar. 1 lin.

Deep black, without gloss. Arista with abundant whitish pubes-
cence. Wings white-hyaline; veins colourless; costal blackish, not
thickened ; radial scarcely reaching to the middle of the rib ; cubital
arched, terminating before the tip of the wing ; transverse veins almost
contiguous; marginal areolet exceedingly small; submarginal wide,
oblong-ovate. Halteres black ; tarsi short ; middle tibiae almost bare.

Bare. In Mr. Holiday's collection. (E.)

22. melania, Hal. E. M. iii. 334. 22 (1836). Atra, opaca, alis
hyalinis. Long, vix i ; alar. 1 lin.

Deep black, opaque, much resembling L. nigerrima. Eyes small,
with minute erect hairs. Arista thickly pubescent. Wings hyaline;
veins darker, very delicate; costal blackish; radial extending nearly
half-way between the subcostal and the cubital, the latter scarcely
arched, nearer to the tip of the wing than in L. nigerrima ; discal trans-
verse parted by its length from the praebrachial transverse. Halteres
black. Legs piceous ; middle tibiae almost without bristles.

Bare. In Mr. Holiday's collection. (E.)

Genus IV. HETEROPTERA.

HETEROPTERA, Mcq. D. ii. 570 (1835) ; Hal. Borlorm A d, Meig.
Limosina p. ? Zett.

Limosina characteres, sed vena discalis transversa valde oliliquata.

Resembles Limosina. Discal tramverse vein placed so slanting that
it becomes confounded with the prabrachial longitudinal, but forms with
the pobrachial a very acute angle advanced towards the border of the
wing ; radial vein continued nearer to the tip than in Limosina.

184 MUSCID^E.

1. pusilla, Meig. Zw. vi. 206. 22 (1830); Mcq.; Hal.— acut-
angula? Zett. Nigra, alis albido-hyalinis aut fuscescentibus, venis
nigro-fuscis, halteribus albidis. Long. 1 ; alar. 2 lin.

Black. Thorax and scutellum pubescent, the latter shorter than the
metathorax. Wings whitish-hyaline or dusky; veins blackish-brown.
Halteres whitish. Legs finely pubescent ; middle tibiae without many
bristles ; fore metatarsus and hind metatarsus acutely produced at the
tip, the latter triangular.

Not rare. (E.)

SUBFAMILY 3. LAUXANIDES.

Sciomyzides p., Fal. Ochtidia p., Fal. Sapromyzides, Hal. Lauxanida,
Bigot.

Alarum vena subcostalis et mediastinalis non conjuncta, areola pobra-
chialis et analis brevissima. Abdomen sessile. Pedes longitudine me-
diocres.
Subcostal and mediastinal veins of the wings separate. Pobrachial and

anal areolets very short. Abdomen sessile. Legs of moderate length.

a. Sixth joint of the antennae plumose or pubescent.
b. Wings unspotted.

c. Antennae reaching the epistoma. 1. LAUXANIA.
c c. Antennae not reaching the epistoma. 2. LONCH^EA.
b b. Wings generally spotted. 3. PALLOPTERA.
a a. Sixth joint of the antennas bare. 4. OCHTHIPHILA. '

Genus I. LAUXANIA.

LAUXANIA, F. S. A. (1805); Latr.; Fal.; Meig.; Mcq.; Zett.; Hal.
Musea p., F. ; Schr.

Corpus oblongum, convexum. Vertex apud antennas subdepressus.

Facies verticalis. Epistoma non prominens. Antenna epistoma at-

tingentes ; articulus tertius elongato-conicus, secundo plus duplo lon-

gior ; sextus plnmosus vel pubescens.

Body oblong, convex, with few hairs and bristles. Vertex slightly
depressed towards the antennae. Face vertical, almost flat. Epistoma
not prominent. Antenna reaching the epistoma; third joint elongate-
conical, more than twice the length of the second ; sixth pubescent or
plumose. Costal vein ending on the hind border at some distance from
the tip of the wing ; subcostal ending at very little before one-third of
the length ; mediastinal ending at before half of the length ; radial
ending at about nine-tenths of the length ; cubital ending at the tip ;
discal transverse vein almost straight, slightly oblique, parted from the

LAUXANIA. 185

praebrachial transverse by more or less than twice its length, and by
more than half its length from the border.

a. Arista plumose. Species 1, 2.
a a. Arista pubescent. Species 3, 4.

1. cylindricornis, F. E. S. iv. 332. 86 (1794); Pz. ! Fn. cv.
11; Fal. ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett. — chrysoptera, Schr. — rufitarsis, Latr.
Nigra, antennis fulvis, thorace cinereo-trivittato, alis fulvis basi nigris,
halteribus fulvis apice nigris, tarsis piceis. Long. 2 ; alar. 5 lin.

Black. Frontalia with a slight furrow on each side. Epistoma not
prominent. AntennaB tawny, almost reaching the epistoma ; third joint
conical, about twice the length of the second ; sixth black, plumose.
Thorax with three grey stripes. Wings tawny, black at the base ; dis-
cal transverse vein indistinctly undulating, parted by very much more
than its length from the prabrachial transverse, and by little more than
half its length from the border. Halteres tawny with black knobs.
Tarsi piceous.

Common. (E. S. I.)

2. lupulina, F. E. S. iv. 323. 45 (1794); Fal.; Meig.; Mcq.;
Zett. Nigra, glauco-tomentosa, antennis testaceis, alis subfulvis, hal-
teribus abdomine pedibus posticis necnon tibiis tarsisque intermediis tes-
taceis. Long. 1^ ; alar. 4 lin.

Black, with glaucous tomentum. Head whitish, a brown band in
front of the vertex. Antenna3 testaceous, almost reaching the epistoma ;
third joint conical, more than twice the length of the second ; arista
black, plumose. Wings slightly tawny ; discal transverse vein almost
straight, parted .by more than twice its length from the prasbrachial
transverse, and by much more than half its length from the border.
Halteres, abdomen, and legs testaceous. Fore legs black ; fore knees
testaceous ; middle femora black.

Common. (E. S. I.)

3. senea, Fal. Ortal. 28. 3 (1820); Meig.; Mcq.; Zett. Mieo-
viridis, antennis testaceis, alis subfulvis, pedibus fulvis, pedibus anticis
femoribusque nigris. Long. 1 J-2 ; alar. 4^-5 lin.

jffineous - green. Epistoma not prominent. Antennae testaceous;
third joint darker towards the tip ; arista black. Wings slightly tawny ;
discal transverse vein parted by nearly twice its length from the pra3-
brachial transverse, and by a little more than half its length from the
border. Halteres testaceous. Legs tawny; femora and fore legs
black ; fore tibia3 tawny towards the base.

Common. (E. S. I.)

4. Elisse, Wied. ; Meig. Zw. v. 297. 2 (1826); Mcq. ; Zett. Atra,
antennis basi fulvis, alis luteis basi nigris, pedibus piceis, tarsis poste-
rioribus fulvis. Long. \\ ; ak*- 4 b'n.

Deep-black, shining. Face slightly convex. Epistoma very slightly

VOL. II. 2 B

186 MUSClDvE.

prominent. Antennae reaching far beyond the epistoma; first and
second joints tawny, clavate ; second more than half the length of the
first ; third slightly tapering from the base to the tip ; arista testaceous.
Wings luteous, black at the base; discal transverse vein parted by
about twice its length from the prabrachial transverse, and by much
more than half its length from the border. Halteres black. Legs
piceous ; posterior tarsi tawny.
Not common. (E.)

The following additional species of this genus have been re-
corded as British : —

1. arnica, Hal. 4. hyalinata, Meig.

2. geniculata, F. 5. longipennis, Meig.

3. atrimana, Mcq. 6. sordida, HaL

Genus II. LONCHJEA.

LONCH^A, Fal. Ortal. (1820); Meig.; Mcq. ; Zett. Muscay., F.

Corpus breviusculum, nigrum vel metallicum. Antennas epistoma non
attingentes ; articulus tertius conicus, secundo longior ; sextus nudus.
Alts immaculate.

Colour Hack or metallic. Body rather short and broad, with a few
hairs and bristles. Head as broad as the thorax, nearly hemispherical.
Front convex. Face vertical. Epistoma and peristoma not prominent,
the latter setose. Proboscis short. Antennce short, not reaching the
epistoma ; third joint conical, longer than the second ; sixth long, slen-
der, bare. Thorax a little longer than broad ; transverse furrow very
indistinct. Wings immaculate, of moderate length ; costa slightly con-
vex towards the base ; costal vein ending on the hind border at some
little distance from the tip of the wing ; subcostal ending beyond one-
third of the length ; mediastinal ending at about half the length ; radial
ending at seven-eighths of the length ; cubital and prsebrachial diverg-
ing between the transverse vsins, parallel from the discal transverse to
the border; discal transverse nearly straight and upright, parted by
much more than its length from the prasbrachial transverse, and by
much less than its length from the border. Male. Front narrow. Fern.
Ovipositor exserted.

1. vaginalis, Fal. Ortal. 26. 2 (1820) ; Meig. ; Mcq.; Zett. Ni-
gro-casrulea, capite halteribus pedibusque nigris, facie albido-tomentosa,
alis limpidis. Long. H; alar. 4 lin.

Blackish-blue. Head, halteres, and legs black. Face with whitish
tomentum. Wings limpid ; veins pale testaceous, blackish towards the
tips.

Common. (E. S. I.)

PALLOPTEEA. 187

2. tarsata, Fal. Ortal. 26. 3 (1820) ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett. Nigro-
cserulea, capite halteribus pedibusque nigris, alia limpidis, tarsis pos-
teriorious fulvis. Long, 1£ ; alar. 3 lin.

Blackish-blue. Antennae, halteres, and legs black. Wings limpid ;
veins pale testaceous, darker towards the tips. Posterior tarsi tawny.

Not rare. (E.)

The following additional species of this genus have been re-
corded as British : —

1. chorea, F. 4. aenea, Meig.

2. pusilla, Meig. 5. nigrimana. Meig.

3. nigra, Meig. 6. latifrons, Meig.

Genus III. PALLOPTERA.

PALLOPTERA, Fal. Ortal. (1820); Hal.; Westw.; Zett. Mmca p.,
F. ; D. G. ; Schr. ; Gmel. Tephritis p., F. Dacus p., F. Tru-
panea p., Schr. Sapromyza p., Fal. ; Meig. ; Mcq. Suillia, Sylvia,
Minettia, Lycia, et Terenia, Desv. Toxoneura, Mcq. Subgen. Peplo-
myza, Hal. ; Westw.

Corpus oblongum, flavum aut cinereum. Antenna breves; articulus

tertius conicus, secundo longior; sextus plumosus vel pubescens.

Alee sat longse, stepissime maculates. Tibiae absque cilio praeapicali.

Fcem. Abdomen apice attenuatum et depressum. Oviductus exsertus,

subulatus, valvulis cohaerentibus glabris.

Colour yellow or cinereous. Body oblong, with a few hairs and
bristles. Head nearly as broad as the thorax, almost hemispherical.
Front convex. Face vertical, very slightly concave on each side. Epi-
stoma and peristoma not prominent, the former very slightly prominent
in one species. Proboscis short. Palpi slender. Antenna short, ge-
nerally not reaching the epistoma ; third joint conical, longer than the
second ; sixth plumose or pubescent. Thorax elliptical, with a slight
trace of the transverse furrow. Wings rather long, generally spotted;
costal vein ending on the hind border at some little distance from the
tip of the wing ; subcostal ending at or before one-third of the length ;
mediastinal ending before half the length ; cubital and praebrachial
slightly diverging between the transverse veins, the former ending at
the tip of the wing ; discal transverse straight and upright, or nearly
so, parted by much more than its length from the prsebrachial trans-
verse, and by much less than its length from the border. Pobrachial
and anal areolets very short. Abdomen a little longer than the tho-
rax. Legs slender, unarmed, almost bare. Male. Abdomen linear.
Fern. Abdomen attenuated at the tip. Oviduct exserted, subulate,
with smooth coherent valves.

188 MUSCID^.

The species generally inhabit herbage in fields and woods.
They may be thus grouped : —
a. Praebrachial vein straight, parallel with the cubital.
b. Sixth joint of the antenna plumose. Species 1-3.
b b. Sixth joint of the antennae pubescent.

c. Antennae not reaching the epistoma. Species 4-9.
c c. Antennae reaching the epistoma. Species 10, 11.
a a. Praebrachial vein undulating. Species 12.

1. obsoleta, Fal. Ortal. 31.6 (1820) ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett.—flava,
F. ; Gmel. — apicalis, Desv. Testacea, antennis pallidis, thorace vix
vittato, alts sublimpidis, abdominis segmentis antice subfuscescentibus.
Long. 2-2^ ; alar. 4-5 lin.

Testaceous. Third joint of the antennae conical, more than twice
the length of the second. Thorax indistinctly striped. Wings nearly
limpid ; radial vein ending at about nine-tenths of the length ; discal
transverse almost straight, parted by more than twice its length from
the praebrachial transverse, and by much more than half its length from
the border. Fore borders of abdominal segments slightly brownish.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

2. rorida, Fal. Ortal. 32. 7 (1820) ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett.— -flava,
Desv. Testacea, antennarum articulo tertio nigro, alis subluteis. Long.
2-2^ ; alar. 4-5 lin.

Testaceous. Third joint of the antennae black, short- conical, rather
broad, testaceous at the base. Wings slightly luteous ; radial vein end-
ing at about nine-tenths of the length of the wing ; discal transverse
almost straight, parted by nearly twice its length from the prsebrachial
transverse, and by more than half its length from the border.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

3. inusta, Meig. Zw. 5. 267. 21 (1826) ; Mcq. Testacea, palpis
nigris, alis sublimpidis, vitta antica macula una apicali alteraque apud
venam discalem transversam fuscis, abdomine fusco, femoribus et tibiis
posticis tibiisque anticis apice tarsisque piceis. Long. 2^-; alar. 5 lin.

Testaceous. Head whitish beneath. Palpi black. Third joint of
the antennae rather broad, much more than twice the length of the
second. Wings almost limpid, with a brown spot on the tips of the sub-
costal and mediastinal veins, another on the discal transverse vein, and a
brown stripe extending along the border from half the length of the wing
to the prcebrachial vein ; radial vein ending at about eleven-twelfths of
the length of the wing; discal transverse vein indistinctly less than
twice its length from the praebrachial transverse, and undulating, parted
by rather more than half its length from the border. Halteres testa-
ceous. Abdomen brown. Legs testaceous ; tarsi, tips of fore tibiae and
of hind tibia, and of hind femora piceous.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

PALLOPTEKA. 189

4. arcnata, F. S. I. ii. 451. 86 (1781); Gmel.; Fal.; Meig. ;
Mcq. ; Zett. Lutea, alls limpidis, maculis quatuor nigricantibus, prima
secundaque apicalibus, tertia quartaque apud venas transversas. Long. 2 ;
alar. 4 lin.

Luteous. Third joint of the antennae conical, full twice the length
of the second. Wings limpid with four blackish spots, one on the tips of
the subcostal and mediastinal veins, one on each transverse vein, and one
along the border at the tip ; radial vein ending at beyond eleven-twelfths
of the length of the wing ; discul transverse almost straight, parted by
twice its length from the prsebrachial transverse, and by rather more
than half its length from the border. Oviduct oblanceolate, short,
piceous on each side at the base.

Generally distributed, (E. S. I.)

5. trimacula, Meig. Zw. v. 267. 22 (1826); Zett. Testacea,
alls limpidis, maculis tribus fuscis, prima secundaque apicalibus tertiaque
apud venam discalem transversam. Long. 2-2^ ; alar. 4-5 lin.

Testaceous. Third joint of the antenna? conical, full twice the length
of the second. Wings limpid, with three brown spots, one on the tips
of the subcostal and mediastinal veins, one on the discal transverse
vein, and one on the border about the tip ; radial vein ending at beyond
eleven-twelfths of the length of the wing ; discal transverse vein almost
straight, parted by much more than twice its length from the prabra-
chial transverse, and by about half its length from the border.

Not rare. (E.)

6. umbellatarum, F. S, I. ii. 451. 87 (1781); Schr.; Meig.;
Mcq. ; Zett. — gangrcenosa, Pz. ! Fn. lix. 22 ; Fal. Nigra, cano-tomen-
tosa, antennis fulvis, alls limpidis, maculis quatuor fuscis, prima costali,
secunda apicali, tertia quartaque apud venas transversas, pedibus testaceis.
Long. 1^-2 ; alar. 3-4 lin.

Black, with hoary tomentum. Head with white tomentum, testa-
ceous in front. Antennas tawny; third joint conical, rather broad,
about twice the length of the second. Wings limpid, with four brown
spots, one on the tip of the mediastinal vein, one on each transverse
vein, and one occupying the tip and the adjoining part of the costa ;
radial vein ending at beyond eleven-twelfths of the length ; discal trans-
verse vein indistinctly curved outward, parted by much more than its
length from the prrebrachial transverse, and by about half its length
from the border. Halteres whitish. Oviduct short, lanceolate. Legs
pale testaceous.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

7. ustnlata, Fal. Ortal. 24. 2 (1820) ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett. Tes-
tacea, antennis luteis, thoracis disco nigro, alls limpidis apice fuscis.
Long. H-lf ; alar. 3f-4 lin.

Testaceous, with whitish tomentum. Antenna? luteous ; third joint
conical, rather broad, less than twice the length of the second. Thorax

190 MUSCLDjE.

black ; humeral scapula and scutellum testaceous. Wings limpid, long,
with a brown spot at each tip; radial vein ending at beyond eleven-
twelfths of the length of the wing ; discal transverse indistinctly undu-
lating or almost straight, parted by much more than twice its length
from the prsebrachial transverse, and by a little less than half its length
from the border. Halteres and legs pale testaceous.
Not rare. (E.)

8. quadripunctata, F. S. I. ii. 453. 93 (1781); Schr.; GmeL;
Fal. ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Desv. ; Zett. — sexpunctata, Meig. ; Mcq. ; Desv. ;
Zett. Testacea, alis sublimpidis, abdomine maculis quatuor vel sex nigris.
Long. 1^ ; alar. 3 lin.

Testaceous. Head yellow. Third joint of the antennas full twice
the length of the second. Wings nearly limpid; radial vein ending at
about nine-tenths of the length of the wing ; discal transverse almost
straight, parted by nearly twice its length from the prsebrachial trans-
verse, and by a little less than its length from the border. Abdomen
almost linear ; fourth and fifth, or third, fourth, and fifth segments with
a black spot on each side.

Not rare. (E.S.I.)

9. saltuum, L. Fn. 18. 66 (1761).— unicolor, F. ; Meig. ; Mcq. ;
Zett. — marginella, Fal. Lutea, thorace fusco-bivittato, alls subluteis
vitta marginali nigra. Long. 1^-lf ; alar. 3^-4 lin.

Luteous. Head testaceous. Antenna pale luteous; third joint
short-conical, rather broad, about twice the length of the second. Tho-
rax with two brown stripes. Wings slightly luteous, with a black mar-
ginal stripe dilated at each end, and extending from the tip of the sub-
costal vein to beyond the tip of the cubital ; radial vein ending at far
beyond eleven-twelfths of the wing ; discal transverse vein parted by
a little more than twice its length from the prsebrachial transverse, and
by more than half its length from the border. Halteres and legs tes-
taceous. Fern. Oviduct piceous, lanceolate, recurved, very slender.

Not common. (S.)

10. praeusta, Fal. Ortal. 31. 4 (1820) ; Meig.; Mcq.; Zett.—
liturata, Desv. Testacea, alis limpidis, maculis tribus apicalibus unaque
apud venam discalem transversam fuscis, abdomine fulvo. Long. 2 ;
alar. 4 lin.

Testaceous. Vertex slightly prominent in front. Third joint of the
antennae much more than twice the length of the second. Wings
limpid ; discal transverse vein and tips of the radial, cubital, and pra-
brachial veins clouded with brown ; discal transverse vein parted by a
little more than twice its length from the prsebrachial transverse, and by
more than half its length from the border. Halteres and legs testa-
ceous. Abdomen tawny.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

OCHTHIPHILA. 191

11. decempunctata, Fal. Ortal. 30. 1 (1820); Meig.; Mcq.;
Zett. — communis, Desv. Testacea, alls subtestaceis, maculis tribus api-
calibus duabusyue apud venas transversas fuscis, abdomine fulvo. Long.
2 ; alar. 4 lin.

Testaceous. Head whitish beneath. Antennae tawny ; third joint
twice the length of the second. Wings slightly testaceous, with Jive
brown spots, one on each transverse vein, and three on the tips of the
radial, cubital, and prcebrachial veins ; discal transverse vein parted by
more than its length from the praebrachial transverse, and by a little
less than half its length from the border. Halteres pale testaceous.
Abdomen tawny, pale testaceous at the base. Legs pale testaceous;
tarsi darker.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

12. pulchella, Boss. Fn. Etrusc. Ed. 111. ii. 478. 15. 28 (1794).—
fasciata, Mcq. Testacea, thoracis vittis duabus scutellique apice fuscis,
alis limpidis, vittis duabus testaceis fusco-strigatis, abdomine fulvo.
Long. 2 ; alar. 4 lin.

Testaceous, whitish beneath. Face short. Epistorna very slightly
prominent. Palpi long, with brownish tips. Antennas rather broad,
almost reaching the epistoma; third joint conical, hardly twice the
length of the second ; sixth minutely pubescent. Thorax with a brown-
ish stripe on each side. Scutellum prominent, with a brownish tip.
Wings limpid, long, narrow, with two testaceous brown-streaked bands,
one along the fore border, the other undulating and near the hind bor-
der ; radial vein ending at about nine-tenths of the length of the wing ;
discal transverse oblique, curved outward, parted by much more than
its length from the prabrachial transverse, and by less than half its
length from the border. Halteres and legs pale testaceous. Abdomen
tawny, oval, testaceous at the base. Fern. Oviduct lanceolate, about
half the length of the abdomen.

Not rare. Frequents windows. (E.)

The following additional species of Palloptera have been recorded
as British : —

1. pallida, Fal. 6. notata, Fal.

2. plumicornis, Fal. 7. 5-maculata, Mcq.

3. femorella, Fal. 8. placida, Meig.

4. pallidiventris, Fal. 9. litura, Hoffm.

5. rivosa, Meig.

Genus IV. OCHTHIPHILA.

OCHTHIPHILA, Fal. Ochtid. (1820) ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett. Chamce-
myia, Pz. Estelia, Desv.

192 MUSCID^.

Corpus oblongum, sublineare. Oculi rotundi. Antennarum articulus
tertius sublinearis, apice rotundatus ; xextus nudus. Alse sat angusta?.
Body oblong, nearly linear, with few hairs and bristles. Face flat,
bare. Peristoma small, round. Eyes round. Third joint of the an-
tennse nearly linear, rounded at the tip, more than twice the length of
the second ; sixth bare. Wings rather narrow. Costal vein ending
on the hind border near the tip ; subcostal a little shorter than the medi-
astinal, which ends a little beyond one-third of the length ; radial end-
ing very near the tip ; cubital and prabrachial parallel ; discal trans-
verse straight and upright, parted by more than twice its length from
the prsebrachial transverse, and by more than its length from the border.
Abdomen with five apparent segments, hardly longer than the thorax.
These flies inhabit herbage.

1. aridella, Fal. Ochtid. 10. 2 (1820) ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett. Cano-
tomentosa, alis limpidis, abdomine immaculate, tibiis flavis. Long. 1^ ;
alar. 3 lin.

Black, with hoary tomentum. Wings limpid. Abdomen unspotted.
Legs yellow ; femora, except the tips, and tarsi towards the tips black.
Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

2. juncorum, Fal. Ochtid. 9. 1 (1820); Meig.! Zw. vi. pi. 59.
f. 11 ; Mcq. ; Zett. Cano-tomentosa, alis limpidis, abdomine e maculis
nigris bivittato, tibiis flavis. Long. 1£ ; alar. 3 lin.

Black, with hoary tomentum. Wings limpid. Abdomen with three
black spots on each side. Legs yellow ; femora, except the tips, and
tarsi towards the tips black.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

The following additional species have been recorded as British: —

1. poly stigma, Meig. 3. geniculata, Hal.

2. flavipatpis, Hal.

SUBFAMILY 4. OETALIDES.

ORTALIDES, Hal. ; Westw. Class. Ins. i. 148 (1839). Ortalides, Fal.
Ortalides et Aciphorece, Fal. ; Zett. Tephridita, Bigot.

Alarum venae subcostalis et mediastinalis non conjunctce, areolcs pobra-
chialis et analis sat longce. Abdomen sessile. Pedes longitudine me-
diocres.
Subcostal and mediastinal veins separate. Pobrachial and anal areolets

not short. Abdomen sessile. Legs of moderate length.

a. Palpi thick.

b. Colour not metallic. 1. PLATYSTOMA.
b b. Colour metallic. 2. ULIDIA.

ULIDIA. 193

a a. Palpi slender.

b. Oviduct not flat nor cylindrical. 3. OETALIS.
b b. Oviduct flat or cylindrical. 4. TRYPETA.

Some of the species in Ortalis and in Trypeta are mutually
nearer allied than they are to others in their respective genera.

Genus I. PLATYSTOMA.

PLATYSTOMA, Latr. G. C. iv. 354 (1809); Meig.; Mcq.; Desv.
Musca p., F. ; Schr. ; Gmel. Dictya p., F. Trupanea p., Schr.

Corpus latum, obscurum. Epistoma et peristoma turgida. Ocuh' magiii.

Proboscis crassa. Palpi lati. Antennae breves ; irticulus tertius

conicus, secundo paullo longior ; sextus nudus. Abdomen brevi-ob-

conicum. Pedes sat validi.

Body broad. Front a little longer than broad. Face nearly vertical.
Epistoma and sides of peristoma prominent. Eyes large, elliptical.
Proboscis and palpi thick. AntennaB short, not reaching the epistoma ;
third joint conical, a little longer than the second ; sixth slender, bare.
Thorax with an indistinct transverse furrow. Wings moderate ; costal
vein ending at the tip of the wing ; subcostal vein ending beyond one-
third of the length; mediastinal vein ending much beyond half the
length ; radial ending a little before five-sixths of the length ; cubital
and prsebrachial very slightly diverging between the transverse veins,
almost parallel from the discal transverse to the border ; discal trans-
verse upright, hardly curved outward, parted by much more than its
length from the prasbrachial transverse, and by much less than half its
length from the border. Abdomen short-obconical. Legs rather stout.

1. seminationis, L. Fn. 1874 (1761) ; F. ; Schr. ; Gmel. ; Latr. ;
Meig. ; Mcq. ; Desv. Nigra, flavo-punctata, antennis piceis, alis nigris
albo-guttatis, abdomine subtus flavo. Long. 2-3 ; alar. 4-6 lin.

Black, dull, with numerous minute irregular yellow marks. Head
with white tomentum about the eyes. Antenna piceous. Proboscis,
palpi, and legs black. Wings black, with numerous white dots of va-
rious size. Halteres testaceous, with black knobs. Abdomen yellow
beneath.

Common in Kent. (E.)

Genus II. ULIDIA.

ULIDIA, Meig. Zw. v. 385 (1826) j Mcq. ; Zett. Musca p., F. Te-
phritis p., F. Chrysomyza, Fal.

Corpus breve, latum, metallicum. Caput transversum ; vertex latissi-
mus. Facies obliqua. Epistoma et peristoma turgida. Palpi crassi.
VOL. ii. 2 c

194 MUSCIDjE.

Antennae brevissimse ; articulus tertius subrotundus, secundo paullo
longior; sextus nudus. Abdomen brevi-obconicum. Pedes validi.
Body short, broad. Head transverse ; vertex flat, very broad. Face
obliquely projecting. Epistoma and sides of the peristoma prominent.
Palpi thick. Antennae very short ; third joint nearly round, a little
longer than the second ; sixth setaceous, very slender, stout towards
the base. Wings moderate ; costal vein ending at the tip of the wing ;
' subcostal ending at much beyond one-third of the length ; mediastinal
ending much beyond half the length; radial ending beyond seven-
eighths ; praebrachial much curved, approaching very near the cubital
at the tip of the wing ; discal transverse almost straight, very slightly
oblique, parted by more than twice its length from the praBbrachial
transverse. Anal areolet lanceolate, very long. Abdomen short-obco-
m'cal. Legs rather stout. Jem. Oviduct exserted.

1. demandata, F. E. S. Suppl. 564 (1794) ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett.
— spkndida, Fal. — bicolor, Mcq. Viridis, capite rufo albo-bimaculato,
antennis rufescentibus apice nigris, thorace seneo-trivittato, alis albis,
pedibus nigris, tarsis flavis. Long. 2 ; alar. 4 lin.

Metallic-green. Head red, with a white spot on each side of the
vertex ; face and orbits of eyes with white tomentum. Antennas red-
dish ; third joint black towards the tip ; sixth black, pale at the base.
Thorax with three asneous stripes. Wings white ; veins pale yellow ;
costal vein black towards the tip. Halteres white. Legs black ; pos-
terior tarsi yellow, with black tips ; fore tarsi yellow at the base.

Bare. (E.)

Ulidia erythrophthalma, Meigv has been recorded as a British
species.

Genus III. ORTALIS.

ORTALIS, Fal. Ortal. (1820); Meig.; Mcq.; Zett. Musca p., F.

ScatopJiaga p., F. Tephritis p., F. Trupanea p., Schr. Seioptera,

Kby. Ceroxys, Herina, etc., Mcq. Melieria, Myodina, Heramya,

Herina, etc., etc., Desv.
Corpus oblongum. Facies carinata. Oculi non metallici. Palpi gra-

ciles. Antennarum articulus tertius secundo plus duplo longior;

sextus pubescens. Foem. Oviductns non depressus nee cylindricus.

Body oblong, with a few hairs and bristles. Face keeled. Eyes not
metallic-coloured. Palpi slender. Antennas moderately long; third
joint more or less longer than the second ; sixth minutely pubescent,
more than twice the length of the third; costal vein ending on the
hind border near the tip of the wing ; subcostal ending beyond one-
third of the length ; mediastiual ending beyond half the length ; cubi-
tal ending at the tip. Fern. Oviduct not flat nor cylindrical.

ORTALI8. 195

a. Third joint of the antenna pointed.

b. Third joint of the antennae much longer than the second.

c. Legs pale. — Melieria, Desv. — Ceroxys p., Mcq. Species 1, 2.

c c. Legs piceous. — Meckelia, Desv. Species 3.
b b. Third joint of the antennae full thrice the length of the second. —

Rivellia, Desv. Species 6.
a a. Third joint of the antenna? not pointed.
b. Tarsi black. — Henna, Mcq. Species 4.
b b. Tarsi ferruginous.

c. Wings with four black bands. — Herina, Mcq. Species 5.

c c. Wings with two black spots. — Seioptera, Kby. Species 7.

1. crassipennis, F. E. S. iv. 357. 185 (1792); FaL; Meig. ;
Mcq. ; Zett. — gangranosa, Desv. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, capite albido,
vertice luteo, antennis fulvis, alis albidis fusco-quadrifaseiatis, abdomine
fusco-fasciato, pedibus testaceis, femoribus nigris. Long. 3^; alar. 7 lin.

Black, with hoary tomentum. Head whitish ; vertex luteous. An-
tennae tawny ; third joint conical, pointed and curved upward at the
tip, much longer than t]ie second. Wings whitish, with four brown
bands ; first, second, and fourth shortened hindward ; third interrupted ;
fourth apical; radial vein ending beyond five-sixths of the length of
the wing ; cubital and praebrachial veins hardly diverging between the
transverse veins, almost parallel from the discal transverse to the bor-
der; discal transverse hardly undulating, slightly oblique, parted by
much more than its length from the praebrachial transverse, and by
much less than half its length from the border. Halteres whitish.
Abdomen with brown bands. Legs testaceous; femora black. Fern.
Oviduct short, lanceolate, ferruginous, shining.

Not rare. (E. I.)

2. omissa, Meig. Zw. v. 274. 2 (1826); Mcq. Cano-tomentosa,
capite flavo, palpis antennisque fulvis, alis albis, macula basali fasciisque
tribus fuscis, pedibus testaceis, tarsisfuhis. Long. 3£; alar. 7 lin.

Black, with hoary tomentum. Head pale-yellow. Epistoma not
prominent. Proboscis ferruginous. Palpi tawny. Antennae tawny;
third joint subconical, much acuminated, hardly retuse or inclined up-
ward at the tip. Wings white, with a brown spot near the base, and
with three brown bands ; first and second bands shortened hindward
and interrupted ; fourth apical ; radial vein ending at about seven-
eighths of the length of the wing ; cubital and praebrachial veins very
slightly diverging between the transverse veins, nearly parallel from
the discal transverse to the tip ; discal transverse vein almost straight
and upright, parted by much more than its length from the praebrachial
transverse, and by less than half its length from the border. Halteres
pale testaceous. Legs testaceous ; tarsi tawny.

Not common. (E.)

3. Urticse, L. Fn. 1875 (1761); F.j Gmel.; Fal.; Meig.; Mcq.;

196 MUSCIDJE.

Desv. ; Zett. Nigra, capite antennisque luteis, alls limpidis nigro-qua-
drifasciatis, pedibus piceis, tarsisferrugineis. Long. 2-|-3 ; alar. 5-6 lin.

Black, shining. Head and antennae luteous. Third joint of the
antennae conical, pointed, slightly curved upward. Thorax with hoary
toraentum. Wings limpid, with four blackish bands; first, second,
and fourth shortened hindward ; fourth apical, connected in front with
the third ; radial vein ending at about nine-tenths of the length of the
wing; cubital and praebrachial slightly diverging between the trans-
verse veins, slightly converging from the discal transverse to the tip ;
discal transverse slightly undulating, nearly upright, parted by much
more than its length from the praebrachial transverse, and by less than
half its length from the border. Halteres white. Legs piceous ; tarsi
ferruginous.

Not rare. (E.)

4. picta, Meig. Zw. v. 276. 6 (1826). Atra, capite rufo, antennis
fulvis, alls limpidis fusco-quadrimaculatis, pedibus piceis, tarsis nigris.
Long. 2-2£ ; alar. 4-5 lin.

Deep black. Head bright red, tawny in front, with white tomentum
about the eyes. Epistoma rather prominent. Antennae tawny, almost
reaching the epistoma ; third joint almost linear, rounded and darker
at the tip, full thrice the length of the second. Wings limpid, with
three brown spots, one at the tip, and one on each of the transverse veins,
and with a brown costal streak from the base to the tip of the mediastinal
vein, whence it extends hindward to the transverse vein ; radial vein end-
ing at beyond eleven-twelfths of the length ; cubital and praebrachial
veins parallel from the praebrachial transverse to the tip ; discal trans-
verse vein almost straight and upright, parted by more than its length
from the praebrachial transverse, and by much less than half its length
from the border. Halteres white. Legs piceous ; tarsi black.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.) Several of Meigen/s species
of. Ortalis are probably varieties of 0. picta.

5. Cerasi, L. Fn. 1878 (1761) ; D. G. ; F. ; Schr. ; Gmel. ; Latr. ;
Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett. D. S. — mall, F. — morio, 'F.—frondescentiae ? L.—
uliginosa, Fal. ; Zett. I. L. Atra, capite ferrugineo, antennis testaceis,
alls albidis fasciis quatuor nigro-fuscis, pedibus piceis, tarsisferrugineis.
Long. If-lf ; alar. 3-3| lin.

Deep black. Head ferruginous, with white tomentum about the
eyes. Face and epistoma prominent. Antennae testaceous ; third joint
linear, full thrice the length of the second. Wings whitish, rather nar-
row, with four blackish-brown bands ; first extending to the base along the
costa, connected with the second on the hind border ; third and fourth
connected along half the length from the fore border; radial vein ending
at about nine-tenths of the length of the wing ; cubital and praebrachial
veins parallel from the praebrachial transverse to the border; discal
transverse vein curved outward, slightly oblique, close to the border,

OETALIS. 197

parted by much more than its length from the prsebrachial transverse.
Halt.eres whitish. Legspiceous; tarsi ferruginous.
Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

6. syngenesiae, F. S. I. ii. 454. 101 (1781); Gmel.; Latr. ;
Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett. — urticce, Schr. — juncorum, Fal. — herbarum, Desv.
Nigro-viridis, capite ferrugineo, antennis piceis, alls limpidis nigro-fusco-
quadrifasciatis, pedibus nigris, tarsia basi ferrugineis. Long. l-J-l^ ;
alar. 2-2£ lin.

Blackish-green, shining. Head ferruginous. Antennas piceous ; third
joint long-conical, slightly pointed, full thrice the length of the second.
Wings limpid, varied with blackish-brown, which forms a stripe in front
at the base, a spot at the tip, and two intermediate bands, which cover the
transverse veins ; radial vein ending at a little beyond three-fourths of
the length of the wing ; cubital and prasbrachial veins diverging be-
tween the transverse veins, parallel from the discal transverse to the
border ; discal transverse straight and upright, parted by less than its
length from the praebrachial transverse, and by hardly half its length
from the border. Halieres and legs black ; tarsi ferruginous towards
the base.

Not rare. (E. S. I.)

7. vibrans, L. Fn. 1867 (1761); D. G. ; F.; Schr.; Gmel.;
Ross.; Latr.; Fal.; Meig.; Mcq.; Zett.; Geoff. Atra, capite rufo,
antennis fulvis, alis limpidis apice nigro-fuscis, tarsis posterioribus genu-
busque ferrugineis. Long. 3 ; alar. 6 lin.

Deep black, shining. Head bright red, tawny in front, with white
tomentum about the eyes. Epistoma prominent. Antennae tawny ;
third joint conical. Wings limpid, with a blackish-brown spot at the tip,
and another between the subcostal and mediastinal veins ; mediastinal vein
ending at far beyond half the length of the wing ; cubital and praebra-
chial veins diverging between the transverse veins, slightly converging
from the prasbrachial transverse to the tip ; radial ending at much be-
yond eleven-twelfths of the length ; discal transverse indistinctly inclined
outward, parted from the praBbrachial transverse by a little more than
twice its length, and from the border by about half its length. Hal-
teres luteous. Knees and posterior tarsi ferruginous.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

The following additional species of Ortalis have been recorded
as British : —

1. marmorea, F. 6. afflicta, Meig.

2. guttata, Curt. 7. luctuosa, Meig.

3. ornata, Meig. 8. lacustris, Meig.

4. nigrina, Wied. 9. oscillans, Meig.

5. lugubris, Meig. 10. paludum, Fal.

198 MUSCIDJE.

Genus IV. TRYPETA.

TRYPETA, Meig. Illig. Mag. ii. 277. 94 (1802) ; Loew. Musca p.,
F. E. S. ; Schr. I. A. ; Gmel. ; Pz. Scatophaga p., F. S. A. Dacus
p., F. S. A. Dictya p., F. Trupanea p., Schr. F. B. Tephritis,
Latr. ; F. S. A. ; Pz. ; Fal. ; Mcq. ; Zett. ; Westw. Aciphorea,
Desv. Tephritites, Newm.

Corpus oblongum. Facies carinata. Oculi metallici. Palpi graciles.
Antennarum articulus tertius secundo plus minusve longior ; sextus
plerumque pubescens. Fcem. Oviductus sapissime depressus aut cylin-
dricus.

Body oblong, with a few hairs and bristles. Face keeled. Eyes
metallic-coloured. Palpi slender. Antennae moderately long; third
joint more or less longer than the second ; sixth very generally pubes-
cent. Costal vein ending on the hind border near the tip of the wing ;
subcostal ending beyond one-third of the length; mediastinal ending
beyond half the length ; cubital ending at the tip. Fern. Oviduct gene-
rally flat, obconical; in some species cylindrical.

The larvae of Trypeta live in the interior of vegetables, and
several of them form galls. The flies are remarkable for the bril-
liant colours of their eyes. They may be grouped thus : —
a. Discal transverse vein very oblique. Species 1.
a a. Discal transverse vein nearly or quite upright.
b. Arista bare. Species 2.
b b. Arista pubescent.

c. Abdomen more or less cylindrical. Oviduct not exserted. Spe-
cies 3-5.
c c. Abdomen not cylindrical. Oviduct exserted.

d. Wings immaculate, or slightly spotted. — Ensina, Desv.

(Myopites, De Brebisson), et Terellia, Desv. Species 6, 7.
d d. Wings spotted. — Terellia, Desv., et Forellia, Desv. Sp. 8, 9.
d d d. Wings with spots in front, and a single band. — Splie-

nilla, Desv. Species 10.
d d d d. Wings brown or black, with limpid dots. — Nceeta,

Desv. Species 11.
d d d d d. Wings with dotted bands. — Acinia, Desv., et Urellia,

Desv. Species 12-17.
d d d d d d. Wings with ferruginous grey-bordered bands. —

TepUtis, Desv. Species 18, 19.
d d d d d d d. Wings with brown or black bands. — Urophora,

Desv. Species 20-22.

1. Gsedii, Meig. Zw. vi. 382. 64 (1830).— -purmundm, Harr. Ni-
gra, capite antennis scutello corpore subtus pedibusque testaceis, alis
limpidis macula basali limpido-guttata radiisque quatuor fuscis. Long.
2 ; alar. 5 lin.

TRYPETA. 199

Black, with grey tomentum. Head, antennae, scutellum, body be-
neath, and legs testaceous. Thorax with two darker stripes. » Wings
limpid, brown, with some limpid dots in front for near half the length
from the base, and with four brown streaks, two of which extend to the
costa, and two to the hind border from the brown part, the second in
front extends to the tip of the wing; cubital and prsebrachial veins
slightly diverging from the praebrachial transverse to the tip ; discal
transverse nearly straight, very oblique, parted by much less than its
length from the praebrachial transverse, and by less than half its length
from the border. Halteres and legs testaceous. Abdomen hardly
longer than broad.

Rare. In the collection of the Entomological Club. (E.)

2. Heraclei, L. Fn. 461. 1877 (1761); Gmel.; Loew; Zett.—
Onopordinis, F. ; Gmel. ; Fal. ; Meig. ; Mcq. — Centaurea, F. Picea
vel ferruginea, alis fuscis limpido-septemmaculatis, pedibus testaceis.
Long. 2-3 ; alar. 4-6 lin.

Piceous or ferruginous, shining. Head ferruginous, testaceous be-
neath. Antenna3 testaceous ; third joint much longer than the second.
Metathorax black. Wings brown, with two limpid spots in front, two
in the disc, and three larger behind; cubital and prsebrachial veins
very slightly diverging between the transverse veins, parallel and slightly
curved from the discal transverse to the tip ; discal transverse nearly
straight, slightly oblique, parted by much less than its length from the
prEebrachial transverse, and by less than half its length from the border.
Halteres and legs testaceous. Abdomen elliptical, a little broader than
the thorax.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

3. cognata, Wied. Zool. Mag. i. 76 (1816); Meig. Zw. v. 315.
6. pi. 48. f. 19 ; Loew; Boie. ; Desv. ; Zett. Pulva, longa, cylindrica,
metathorace uigro-bimaculato, alis limpidis fasciis quatuor testaceo-fuscis.
Long. 3^; alar. 7 lin.

Tawny, long, cylindrical. Third joint of the antennas conical, much
longer than the second. Metathorax with a black spot on each side.
Wrings limpid, with four irregular partly brown partly testaceous bands,
which cover the transverse veins; fourth connected in front with a
short brown stripe, which extends along the costa to the tip ; cubital
and praBbrachial veins diverging between the transverse veins, slightly
curved and almost parallel from the discal transverse to the tip ; discal
transverse oblique, nearly straight, parted by a little more than its
length from the prabrachial transverse, and by one-third of its length
from the border. Legs hairy.

Not common. (E. I.)

4. Artemisia;, P. E. S. iv. 351. 162 (1792); Meig.! pi. 48.
f. 21 ; Loew ; Zett. — interrupta, Fal. — intermissa, Meig. ; Mcq. — con-
tinua ? Meig. Pulva, subcylindrica, capite tibiis tarsisque testaceis,

200 MUSCID.E.

thorace subquadrivittato, alls limpidisfusco-guinquemaculatis. Long.
2^ ; alar. 5 lin.

Tawny, nearly cylindrical. Head testaceous in front and beneath.
Third joint of the antenna conical, much longer than the second. Tho-
rax with four indistinct darker stripes. Metathorax black. Wings
limpid, with five brown spots ; first between the prsebrachial transverse
vein and the costa ; second apical ; third intermediate ; fourth on the
discal transverse vein ; fifth on the pobraehial ; cubital and praebrachial
veins slightly diverging between the transverse veins, nearly parallel
from the discal transverse to the tip ; discal transverse nearly straight
and upright, parted by much more than its length from the prasbrachial
transverse, and by less than half its length from the border. Tibias
and tarsi testaceous.

Not common. (E.)

5. Zoe, Wied.; Meig.! Zw. v. 315. 7. pi. 48. f. 14, 15 (1826);
Mcq. ; Loew ; Zett. D. S. — apicalis, Zett. I. L. Testacea, subcylin-
drica, metathorace nigro, alis Hmpidis antice fusco-bimaculatis. Long.
2-2i; alar. 4-4^ lin.

Testaceous, nearly cylindrical. Third joint of the antennas conical,
much longer than the second. Metathorax black. Wings limpid, with
two brown spots ; first between the prasbrachial transverse vein and the
costa, and extending thence towards the base; second apical; cubital
and prasbrachial veins very slightly diverging between the transverse
veins, almost parallel from the discal transverse to the tip ; discal trans-
verse nearly straight and upright, parted by much more than its length
from the prasbrachial transverse, and by hardly half its length from the
border.

Not common. (E. I.)

6. Sonchi, L. S. N. ii. 998 (1763); Gmel. ; Fal.; Meig.; Mcq.;
Zett.; Loew; Boie. — obsoleta, Wied.; Meig. — Asteris, Hal. — chry-
santhemi, Desv. — herbarum, Desv. — -pratensis, Desv. — Linarite, Desv. —
Scorzonerae, Desv. — JDoronici, Desv. Nigra, cano-tomentosa, subtus tes-
tacea, capite abdominis marginibus posticis pedibusque testaceis, antennis
luteis, alis albis, costa fusco-trimaculata. Long. 1-1 i; alar. 2-2-| lin.

Black, with hoary tomentum. Head and body beneath testaceous.
Proboscis long, slender, bigeniculate. Antennas pale luteous ; third joint
linear, rounded at the tip, longer than the second. Wings white, with
three brown spots in front, first and largest between the tips of the
subcostal and mediastinal veins ; cubital and prasbrachial veins very
slightly diverging between the transverse veins, parallel from the discal
transverse to the tip ; discal transverse straight and upright, parted by
its length from the prasbrachial transverse, and by much more than half
its length from the border. Halteres pale yellow. Hind borders of
the segments and tip of the abdomen and legs testaceous.

Generally distributed. (E. S. L)

TRYPETA. 201

7. Serratulae, L. Fn. 1871 (1761); F. ; Gmel.; Fal. ; Mcig. ;
]\Ic(j. ; Zett. — pollens, Wied. ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett. — palpata, Desv. —
luteola, Desv. — Abrotani, Mcq. — lonyicauda ? Meig. — -fuscicornis, Loew.
— nigricoma, Loew. — dentata, Loew. Testacea, vertice antennisque
luteis, thoracis disco nigro, alis limpidis costa nonnunquam fitsco-macu-
lata, abdomine ferrugineo maculis fuscis. Long. 2-2£ ; alar. 4 lin.

Testaceous. Vertex luteous. Antennae luteous ; third joint conical,
a little longer than the second. Disc of the thorax black, with grey
tomentum. Winy 8 limpid, frequently with two brown spots in front, and
brown murks on the transverse veins; cubital and praebrachial veins
slightly diverging between the transverse veins, parallel from the discal
transverse to the tip ; discal transverse almost straight, slightly oblique,
parted by a little more than its length from the praebrachial transverse,
and by hardly half its length from the border. Halteres whitish. Ab-
domen ferruginous, occasionally with two brown spots on each seg-
ment. Fern. Oviduct flat, obconical, moderately long.

Not common. (E.)

8. florescentise, L. Fn. 1880 (1761); Fal.; Meig.; Mcq.;
Loew ; Boie ; Zett. — nificauda, F. Flava, aritennis luteis, thoracis disco
nigro, alis albidis cincreo-nebulosisfusco-maculatis, abdomine ferrugineo.
Long, li-lf ; alar. 3 lin.

Pale yellow. Vertex tawny. Antennas pale luteous; third joint
nearly linear, obliquely rounded at the tip, full twice the length of the
second. Disc of the thorax black, with a yellow streak on each side,
and an angular spot in front of the scutellum. Metathorax black.
Wings whitish, sliyhtly clouded with grey, and with three brown spots in
front; transverse veins also clouded with brown; cubital and praebra-
chial very slightly diverging between the transverse veins, hardly con-
verging from the praebrachial transverse to the tip ; discal transverse
nearly upright, very slightly curved outward, parted by a little more
than its length from the pnebrachial transverse, and by full half its
length from the border. Halteres white. Abdomen pale ferruginous.
Fern. Oviduct flat, obconical, rather short.

Not common. (E.)

9. Arnicas, L. Fn. 1872 (1761) ; F. ; Scop. ; Schr. ; Gmel. ; Latr. ;
Fal.; Meig.; Mcq.; Zett. — flava, Geoff.; Loew; Boie. — miliaria,
Schr.; Gmel. — sphterocephala, Schr. — arcuata, F. ; Gmel.; Pz. ! Fn.
pi. xcviii. f. 22. — Onopordinis ? Don. — cirsiorum, Desv. Lcete testacea,
vertice luteo, alis cinereo-subnebulosis, maculis quatuor fuscis, oviductu
ferrugineo apice nigro. Long. 3-4 ; alar. 6 lin.

Bright testaceous. Vertex luteous. Third joint of the antennae
conical, about twice the length of the second. Wings slightly clouded
with grey, brown at the tips, and with three brown spots, one at the tips
of the subcostal and mediastinal veins, one at the tip of the anal areolet,
and one extending along the discal transverse vein to the border ; cu-

VOL. II. 2 D

202

bital and prsebrachial veins slightly diverging between the transverse
veins, parallel from the discal transverse to the tip ; discal transverse
nearly straight, very slightly oblique, parted by its length from the
prsebrachial transverse, and by hardly more than half its length from
the border. Fern. Oviduct depressed, obconical, ferruginous, black at
the tip, about half the length of the abdomen.
Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

10. marginata, Fal. Ortal. 7, 8 (1820); Meig. ! Zw. v. pi. 49.
f. 15 ; Mcq. ; Loew; Boie ; Zett. — Linarics, Desv. Cervino-tomen-
tosa, capite flavo, antennis luteis, alls albis, macidis quatuor anticis
fasciaque una cinereis, abdomine cinereo-tomentoso fasciis testaceis,
pedibus fulvis, oviductu nigro. Long. If; alar. 3f lin.

Head yellow. Antenna pale luteous; third joint nearly linear,
truncated at the tip, full twice the length of the second. Thorax with
fawn-coloured tomentum. Wings white, with Jive grey spots in front, the
third forming a band across the wing, covering the transverse veins, and
including one or two white dots ; cubital and prsebrachial veins hardly
diverging between the prscbracliial transverse and the tip ; discal trans-
verse nearly upright, hardly curved outward, parted by little more than
half its length from the prsebrachial transverse, and by a little less from
the border. Halteres white. Abdomen black, with cinereous tomen-
tum ; hind borders of the segments testaceous. Legs pale tawny. Fern.
Oviduct short, flat, obconical, black, shining.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

11. guttularis, Meig. Zw. v. 341. 44 (1826); Mcq. ; Loew; Zett.
— capitata, H?a\.—Jlavipes, Desv. — brunicosa, Desv. Fusco-tomentosa,
capite antennisque luteis, scutello et oviductu nigris nitidis, alisfuscis Urn-
pido-guttatis, pedibus fulvis, femoribus nigris. Long. 1^-2; alar. 3-4 lin.

Body with brown tomentum. Head luteous, testaceous beneath.
Antennae luteous ; third joint nearly linear, rounded at the tip, much
longer than the second. Scutellum and metathorax black, shining.
Wings dark brown, with a few white dots in the disc, and more along
the border; cubital and prsebrachial veins hardly diverging between
the praebrachial transverse and the tip ; discal transverse upright, nearly
straight, parted by less than its length from the prsebrachial transverse,
and by almost half its length from the border. Abdomen with a whitish
dorsal stripe, and with whitish bands on the hind borders of the seg-
ments. Legs tawny; femora black, with tawny tips. Fern. Oviduct
lanceolate, convex, black, shining, much shorter than the abdomen.

Not common. (E.)

12. Absinthii, F. S. A. 322. 30 (1805); Meig. ! Zw. v. pi. 50.
f. 12; Mcq.; Loew; Boie; Zett.— punctella, Fal. — millefolii? Desv.
— Alethe, Newm. Cinereo-tomentosa, capite pedibusque fulvis, anten-
nis luteis, alls albis, guttis nonnullis fasciisque duabus connexis albo-gut-
tatisfuscis, oviductu ferrugineo. Long, li-lf ; alar. 2f-3 lin.

TttYPETA. 203

Body with cinereous tomentum. Head tawny. Antennae luteous ;
third joint conical, longer than the second. Wings white, with brown
dots, and with two broad irregular brown bands, which enclose white dots,
and are connected in the disc ; cubital and praebrachial veins hardly di-
verging between the transverse veins, almost parallel between the dis-
cal transverse and the tip; discal transverse almost straight and up-
right, parted by a little less than its length from the prsebrachial trans-
verse, and by much less than half its length from the border. Halteres
whitish. Legs tawny. Fern. Oviduct short, flat, obconical, ferru-
ginous, shining.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

13. parietina, L. Fn. 1863 (1761); F. ; Gme.. ; Meig. ! Zw.

£\. 50. f. 7; Mcq. ; Loew; Boie; Zeti.—pant/terina, Fal. — cinerea,
esv. Cervino-tomentosa, capite luteo, alis albis, guttis nonnullis fas-
ciisque tribus albo-guttatis fuscis, pedibus testaceis, oviductu nigro.
Long. li-H; alar. 2|-3 lin.

Body with fawn-coloured tomentum. Head luteous. Antennae paler ;
third joint nearly linear, rounded at the tip, longer than the^second.
Wings white, with three brown bands; first basal; third apical; these
bands contain some white and testaceous dots, and the white part has also
some brown dots ; cubital and prsebrachial veins nearly parallel from the
prsebrachial transverse to some distance beyond the discal transverse,
very slightly diverging from thence to the tip ; discal transverse up-
right, curved outward, parted by a little less than its length from the
prsebrachial transverse, and by hardly half its length from the border.
Halteres and legs testaceous. Fern. Oviduct short, flat, obcoiiical, black.

Not rare. (E.)

14. corniculata, Fal. Ortal. 8. 11 (1820); Meig.; Zett.; Mcq.;
Loew ; Boie. — Jacea, Desv. Testacea, alls albis, guttis nonnullis fas-
ciisque tribus connexis albo-guttatis fuscis, abdominefusco-quadrimaculato.
Long. 3 ; alar. 7 lin.

Testaceous. Third joint of the antennas linear, obliquely truncated
at the tip, much longer than the second. Wings white, with three brown
bands ; frst with some darker brown spots in front, connected in the disc
with the second; third apical, connected in front with t/te' second; these
bands contain white dots, and there are a few brown dots on the white
part ; cubital and praebrachial veins hardly diverging between the trans-
verse veins ; cubital indistinctly undulating, but nearly parallel to the
prsebrachial between the discal transverse and the tip; discal trans-
verse nearly upright, slightly curved outward, parted by much less than
its length from the praebrachial transverse, and by hardly half its length
from the border. Abdomen elliptical ; fourth and fifth segments with two
brown spots on each.

Not rare. (E.)

204 MUSCID.E.

15. Bardanse, Sclir. Faun. Boie, iii. 2524 (1798) ; Meig. ; Loevv ;
Zett. — confusa, Meig. — ylantaris? Desv. — Heraclei? Mcq. Cinereo-
tomentosa, capite antennis pedibusque fulvis, alls (Mis, guttis nonnullis
fasciisque duabus albo-guttatis fuscis, oviductu ferrugineo. Long. 2£ ;
alar. 4 lin.

Body with cinereous tomentum. Head and antennae tawny. Third
joint of the antennae linear, obliquely truncated at the tip, much longer
than the second. Wings white, with a few brown dots, and with two
irregular brown bands, which contain some white dots ; first angular, ob-
lique, covering the transverse veins ; second near the tip, broader than the
first; cubital and prsebrachial veins slightly diverging between the
transverse veins, hardly diverging from the discal transverse to the
border ; discal transverse almost straight and upright, parted by less
than its length from the prsebrachial transverse, and by nearly half its
length from the border. Legs tawny. Fern. Oviduct short, flat, ob-
conical, ferruginous. %

Not rare. (E.)

16. Leontodontis, D. G. I. vi. 24. 17. pi. 2. f. 15-18 (1752);
Schr.; Fal.; Meig.! Zw. v. pi. 50. f. 8; Mcq.; Loew ; Boie ; Zett.
— parietina, F. — Scabiostc, F. — stellata ? Stilz. ; Fuessly ; Pz. — confusa?
Meig. — claripennis, Desv. Cinereo-tomentosa, capite testaceo, anten-
nis pedibusque fulvis, alls albis, fasciis duabus latis connexis postice albo-
guttatis fuscis, oviductu nigro. Long. If ; alar. 3^ lin.

Body with cinereous tomentum. Head testaceous. Antennse tawny ;
third joint linear, rounded at the tip, much longer than the second.
Wings ichite, with two broad brown bands, which are connected in the
disc, and are full of white dots hindward ; cubital and prsebrachial veins
very slightly diverging from the praebrachial transverse to the tip ;
discal transverse upright, hardly curved outward, parted by much less
than its length from the prsebrachial transverse, and by less than one-
third of its length from the border. Halteres whitish. Legs tawny.
Fern. Oviduct short, obconical, black, shining.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

17. stellata, Fuessly, Verz. ii. 25 (1794); Sulz. ; Loew; Boie.—
radiata, F. ; Schr. ; Pz. ! Fn. ciii. 21 ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett. — terminata,
Fal. ; Meig. — Caldtrapa, Desv. — Parisiensis, Desv. Albido-tomentosa,
capite antennis pedibusque ftdvis, alls albis macula subapicali radiata

fasca. Long, f-li; alar. 2-2£ lin.

Body with whitish tomentum. Head and antennae tawny. Wings
white, a broad brown band, with some more or less complete white dots
about it near each tip ; cubital and praebrachial veins hardly diverging
between the prsebrachial transverse and the border ; discal transverse
nearly straight and upright, parted by a little less than its length from
the praebrachiai transverse, and by hardly half its length from the

TRYPETA. 205

border. Haltercs whitish. Legs tawny. Fern. Oviduct flat, lanceolate,
black, shining, shorter than the abdomen.
Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

18. cornuta, F. E. S. iv. 357. 186 (1792); Fal.; Meig; Curt.!
B. E. pi. 231; Mcq. ; Loew; Boie ; Zett. Viridi-testacea, capite
luteo, thorads disco dnereo-tomenloso nigro-trivittato, scutello flavo, alis
Ii,>ijiidisfu8ciis qiiatuor testaceis cinereo-marginatis, oviductu fulvo apice
nigro. Long. 3-4 ; alar. 6-7 lin.

Greenish-testaceous. Head luteous. Antennae paler; third joint
conical, longer than the second. Disc of the thorax with yrey tomentum,
and icilh three slender black stripes. Scutellum yellow. Metathorax
black. Wrings limpid, with four grey-bordered testaceous bands ; first
irregular, shortened hindward; fourth apical, mostly brown; cubital
and pra3brachial veins very slightly diverging between the transverse
veins, slightly converging between the discal transverse and the tip ;
discal transverse oblique, nearly straight, parted by more than its length
from the praebrachial transverse, and by less than half its length from
the border. Halteres pale yellow. Legs testaceous. Fern. Oviduct
flat, lanceolate, long, tawny, with a black tip.

Not rare in the south of England. (E.)

19. Arctii, D. G. I. vi. 21. 16. pi. 2. f. 6-14 (1752) ; Fal. ; Meig. ;
Mcq. ; Loew ; Zett.— punctata, Schr. ; Loew ? — solstitialis, Pz. ! Fn.
ciii. 22. — JacefBt Desv. — dor sails, Desv. ; Mcq. — -pusilla, Desv. — cylin-
drica ? Desv. — abdominalis, Desv. Testacea, thoracis disco fusco, alis
limpidis, fasciis quatuor testaceis dnereo-marginatis. Long. 3^-2 ; alar.
3-4 lin.

Testaceous. Third joint of the antennae conical, much longer than
the second. Disc of the thorax brown. Metathorax black. Wings
limpid, with four irregular grey-bordered testaceous bands ; first irregu-
lar and extending along the veins to the base ; fourth apical ; cubital
and praebrachial veins parallel between the transverse veins, and nearly
parallel between the discal transverse and the tip; discal transverse
upright, slightly curved outward, parted by more than its length from
the prasbrachial transverse, and by hardly half its length from the
border. Fern. Oviduct flat, lanceolate, rather long, black towards the
base.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

20. solstitialis, L. Fn. 1879 (1761); F. ; Gmel. ; Latr. ; Fal.;
Lam. ; Meig. ! Zw. v. pi. 49. f. 10 ; Mcq. ; Zett. ; Loew ; Boie. —
Dauci, F. ; Gmel. — hastata, F. — stylata, F. ; Gmel. ; Meig. — Cirrii,
Schr. — Leucacanthi, Schr. — Jacobeee, Pz. ; Fal. — aprica, Fal. ; Meig. —
cuspidata, Meig. ; Mcq. — -pugionata, Meig. Atra, capite scutelloque
flavis, antennis luteis, alis albis fusco nonnunquam quadrtfasciatis, pedi-
bus fulvis, oviductu longissimo. Long. 2-2—4 ; alar. 5 lin.

Black, shining. Head yellow ; vertex pale luteous. Antenna hi-

206 MUSCID^E.

teous, almost reaching the epistoma ; third joint nearly linear, oblique
at the tip, much longer than the second. Scutellum yellow. Wings
white, with four brown bands ; first and second occasionally imperfect or
wanting ; fourth apical, connected in front with the third; cubital and
praBbrachial veins hardly diverging between the transverse veins ; cu-
bital curved and slightly converging towards the praebrachial between
the prabrachial transverse and the tip ; discal transverse upright, hardly
curved outward, parted by nearly twice its length from the prsebrachial
transverse, and by one-third of its length from the border. Halteres
white. Legs tawny. Fern. Oviduct cylindrical, obconical at the base,
much longer than the abdomen.
Not rare. (E.)

21. aprica, Fal. Ortal. 7. 7 (1820); Meig. ; Loew; Zett.— sol-
stitialis, F. Nigra, capite scutelloque flavis, alis albis nigro-quadrifas-
ciatis, pedibus fulvis, oviductu cylindrico abdominis longitudine. Long.
2-2-|- ; alar. 3^-4 lin.

Black, shining. Head yellow. Antennae luteous ; third joint linear,
rounded at the tip, much longer than the second. Scutellum yellow.
fPings white, with four brown bands ; fourth apical^ connected in front
with the third ; cubital and prsebrachial veins slightly diverging between
the transverse veins, hardly converging between the discal transverse
and the tip ; discal transverse nearly upright, very slightly curved out-
ward, parted by much more than its length from the praebrachial trans-
verse, and by less than half its length from the border. Halteres
white. Legs tawny. Fern. Oviduct cylindrical, obcouical at the base,
as long as tJie abdomen.

Common. (E.)

22. Cardui, L. Fn. 1876 (1761); D. G.; F. ; Gmel. ; Schr. ;
Latr. ; Lam.; Meig.! Zw. pi. 49. f. 9; Mcq. ; Loew; Boie; Zett.—

fiexuosa, Germ. — Reaumurii, Desv. — liturata, Ttesv.—SoncM, Desv. —
Centaurece, Desv. — Dejeanii, Desv. Nigra, capite scutello tibiis tar-
sisque flavis, alis albis fasciis quatuor latis connexis nigris, oviductu
cylindrico. Long. 2-2^; alar. 4-5 lin.

Black, shining. Head yellow; vertex reddish. Antenna luteous,
not near reaching the epistoma ; third joint conical, brown at the tip,
a little longer than the second. Scutellum yellow. Wrings white, with
four black bands ; first connected with the second, and third with the
fourth in front; second connected with the third behind; cubital and
prasbrachial veins slightly diverging between the transverse veins,
slightly curved and almost parallel from the discal transverse to the
tip; discal transverse straight and upright, parted by more than its
length from the prasbrachial transverse, and by more than half its
length from the border. Halteres whitish. Legs yellow ; femora black.
Fein. Oviduct cylindric-conical, rather long.

Not rare. (E.)

SEPSIDES. 207

The following additional species of Trypeta have been recorded
as British : —

1. Westermanni, Meig. 11. flavicauda, Meig.

2. Colon, Meig. 12. gemmata, Meig.

3. Wiedemanni, Meig. 13. irrorata, Fal.

4. Lappae, Meig. 14. Winthemi, Meig.

5. Tussilaginis, F. 15. rotundiventris, Fal.

6. Lychnidis, F. 16. Plantaginis, Hal.

7. discoidea, F. 17. Pini, Hal.

8. signata, jfei^. 18. electa, Meig.

9. laticauda, Meig. 19. Asteris,
10. Hyoscyami, L.

SUBFAMILY 5. SEPSIDES.

Carpomyzce p., Latr. Ortalides p., Fal. TJielidomyda p., Desv.

Corpus angustum, cylindricum. Caput subproductum, postice latum.
Frons lata. Oculi rotundi, remoti. Proboscis magna, rugosa, apice
lata. Palpi longi, graciles, setosi, aut vix couspicui. Antennae breves;
articulus tertius ovatus, secundo longior, sextus nudus aut vix pubes-
cens. Thorax longi-ovatus. Ala angustae ; vena subcostalis et me-
diastinalis non conjunctee ; areolce pobrachialis et analis sat longte.
Abdomen nonnunquam petiolatum. Pedes plus minusve elongati;
coxa3 anticaB longse.

Body narrow, cylindrical. Head slightly produced, broad behind.
Front broad. Eyes of moderate size, nearly round, remote. Proboscis
large, rugose, broad at the tip. Palpi long, slender, bristly, hardly
visible in some species. Antenna3 short \ third joint oval or nearly
round, longer than the second ; sixth bare or hardly pubescent. Wings
narrow ; subcostal and mediastinal veins distinct ; pobrachial and anal
areolets rather long. Abdomen occasionally petiolated. Legs generally
elongated ; fore coxas long.

The Seasides in the larva state generally feed on decaying
matter. They may be divided into the following genera : —

a. Abdomen distinctly petiolated.

b. Wings spotted. Fore femora and fore tibiaB of the male with

teeth and spines beneath. SEPSIS.
b b. Wings unspotted.

c. Fore femora and fore tibiae of the male with teeth and spines
beneath ; middle tarsi dilated. Metatarsus of the female com-
pressed at the base. ENICITA.
c c. Legs simple in both sexes. NEMOPODA.
a «. Abdomen sessile.

208

b. Legs of moderate length.

c. Scutellum of the metathorax developed. THEMIRA.

c c. Scutellum of the metathorax obsolete. SALTELLA.
b b. Legs long. CALOBATA.

Genus I. SEPSIS.

SEPSIS p., Fal. ; Meig. ; Wied. ; Latr. ; Curt. Musca p., E. S. ;
Gmel. ; Schr. ; Pz. ; Coq. Tephritis p., F. S. A. Micropeza p., Latr.
Micropeza, Desv.

Metathoracis scutellum bene determinatum. Ala apice nigro-maculata.
Abdomen subpetiolatum, convexum, arcuatum, apice subtus incur-
vurn ; segmentum primum longum, apice supra tumidum. Pedes
graciles; tibiae arcuatae. Mas. Abdomen subclavatum. Femora
tibicBgue antica subtus dentata et spinosa. Fcem. Abdomen longi-
ovatum.

Scutellum of the metathorax distinct. Wings with a black spot at each
tip ; costal vein ending on the hind border at a short distance from the
tip of the wing ; subcostal ending before one-third of the length ; me-
diastinal ending before half the length ; radial ending at about seven-
eighths of the length ; cubital ending at the tip ; praebrachial diverging
from the cubital between the transverse veins, slightly converging to
it between the discal transverse and the tip ; discal transverse nearly
straight, parted by much more than its length from the praebrachial
transverse and from the border. Abdomen slightly petiolated, convex,
arched, incurved beneath at the tip ; first segment long, tumid at the
tip. Legs slender ; tibiae slightly curved. Male. Abdomen subclavate.
Fore femora and fore tibia dentate and spinose beneath.

1. cynipsea, L. S. N. ii. 997. 113 (1767); D. G. ; Scop.; F. ;
Schr. ; Grael. ; Oliv. ; Latr. ; Fal. ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett.—fulffida,
Desv. Nigro-viridis, pedibus niyris, antemiis fuscis, alis hyalinis, ab-
domine cupreo purpureoque rnicante. Long. 1-1^ ; alar, lf-2i lin.

Greenish-black. Head aeneous-black behind. Antennae brown ;
arista black. Thorax aeneous on each side. Wings limpid. Halteres
yellow. Abdomen somewhat cupreous, with a purple band on each
segment. Legs black; coxae brown; fore coxae red ; femora brown at
the base and at the tips ; fore tibias brown with red tips ; middle tibiae
with brown tips. Var. /3. Male. Scutellum of the metathorax aeneous.
Var. y. Male. Abdomen wholly cupreo-aeneous. Var. d. Male. Abdo-
men aeneous ; first and second segments with blue bands ; fore tibiae
and metatarsi red. Var. e. Fern. Abdomen cupreous ; first segment
aeneous-green on the hind border, second purple on the disc; hind
femora red at the base.

Generally distributed, and abundant from the spring to the
autumn ; sometimes in great swarms. (E. S. I.)

ENICITA. 209

2. punctum, F. E. S. iv. 351. 159 (1792) ; Coq. ; Schell. ; Oliv. ;
Latr. ; Fal. ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett. — stigma, Pz. ! Fn. Ix. 21. — cynipsea,
Desv. Nigro-viridis, antennis fuscis, alis hyalinis, abdomine pur-
pureo basi aureo, pedibus rufa. Long. lf-2 ; alar. 2£-2J lin.

Blackish-green. Head black in front ; face red. Antenna brown ;
arista black. Sides of the thorax, scutellum of the metathorax, and
abdomen shining, the latter coppery-purple, gilded at the base. Wings
limpid. Halteres yellow. Legs red; posterior femora with brown
bands; hind tibia3 brown; tarsi and middle tibia3 with brown tips.
Var. ft. Male. First abdominal segment reddish-green. Var. y. Male.
Fore femora and anterior tibiaB with brown bands. Var. 8. Fern. Ab-
domen with purple bands. Middle tibia3 and hind tarsi brown.

Generally distributed. (E.)

The following additional species of Sepsis have been recorded
as British ; some of them are probably mere varieties : —

1. fulgens, ffoffm.

2. flavimana, Meig.

3. hilaris, Meig. — vivida var? Desv.

4. maculipes, Walk.

5. concinna, Walk.

6. ruficornis, Meig.

7. nigripes, Meig. — nitida, Desv.

8. violacea, Meig.—pygmaa var.? Desv.

9. ornata, Meig.
10. duplicata, Hal.

Genus II. ENICITA.

ENICITA, Westw. Class. Ins. i. 148 (1839). Sepsis p., Meig. ; Curt. ;
Zett.

Metathoracis scutellum bene determinatum. Ala immaculate. Abdo-
men pubescens, subpetiolatum, convexum, arcuatum, incurvum, seg-
mento primo longo. Pedes graciles, pubescentes ; tibiaB subarcuata?.
Mas. Abdomen cylindricum, apice cornubus duobus instructum. Fe-
mora antica subtus dentata et spinosa. Tibiae anticte subtus bidentatce.
Tarsi intermedii dilatati. Fcem. Abdomen longi-ovatum. Pedes
simplices ; metatarsi basi compressi.

Scutellum of the metathorax distinct. Wings unspotted; costal vein
ending on the hind border at a short distance from the tip of the wing ;
subcostal ending at about one-fourth of the length ; mediastinal ending
at hardly beyond one-third of the length ; radial ending at three-fourths
of the length ; cubital ending at the tip ; prsebrachial diverging from
the cubital between the transverse veins, very slightly converging to it

VOL. II. 2 E

210 MUSCIDjE.

from the discal transverse to the tip ; discal transverse straight, nearly
upright, parted by full twice its length from the praebrachial transverse,
and by much more than its length from the border. Abdomen pubes-
cent, slightly petiolated, convex, arched, curved beneath at the tip.
Legs slender, pubescent ; tibiae slightly curved. Male. Abdomen cylin-
drical, with two appendages at the tip. Fore femora dentate and spinose
beneath. Fore tibiae bidentate beneath. Intermediate tarsi dilated. Fern.
Legs unarmed ; metatarsi compressed at the base.

1. annulipes, Meig. Zw. v. 292. 1. 6 (1826) ; Curt. ! B. E. 245 ;
Mcq. Nigra (mas) aut nigro-senea (fcem.\ antennis fuscis, alis sub-
fuscis (mas) aut subhyalinis (fcem.), pedibus nigris. Long, li; alar.
H lin-

^Eneons-black. Antennae brown, red at the base; arista black.
Sides of the thorax, scutellum of the metathorax, and abdomen shining ;
first and second abdominal segments somewhat cupreous. Halteres
yellow. Legs black; coxae yellow; femora aeneous-black, yellow at
the base. Male. Head and disc of the thorax black. Wings slightly
brown. Tibiae marked with yellow above at the tips ; anterior tibiae
brown ; middle tarsi deep black ; first and second joints white at the
base. Fern. Wings almost limpid. Middle tarsi black ; first joint
yellow. A^ar. /3. Male. First and second abdominal segments aeneous-
green ; third and fourth aeneous-black.

Not common. (E. I.)

Genus III. NEMOPODA.

NEMOPODA, Desv. E. M. 743 (1830) ; Mcq. Musca p., E. E. S. Calo-
bata p., E. S. A. Sepsis p., Eal. ; Meig.

Corpus vix setosum. Palpi longi, graciles, setosi. Metathorads scu-
tellum dene determination. Ala immaculate. Abdomen pubescens,
subpetiolatum, convexum, arcuatum, apice subtus incurvum ; seg-
mentum primum longum, apice supra tumidum. Pedes graciles, non
setosi, in utroque sexu simplices ; tibiae subarcuatae ; metatarsi longi.
Mas. Abdomen subclavatum. Fcem. Abdomen longi-ovatum.
Body with very few bristles. Palpi long, slender, bristly. Scutellum
of the metathorax distinct. Wings unspotted ; costal vein ending on
the hind border at a short distance from the tip of the wing ; subcostal
ending at hardly beyond one-fourth of the length ; mediastinal ending
at beyond one-third of the length ; radial ending at five-sixths of the
length ; cubital ending at the tip ; praebrachial very near the cubital
before the praebrachial transverse, diverging much from it between the
transverse veins, slightly converging to it from the discal transverse
to the tip ; discal transverse straight, very slightly oblique, parted by

TUEMIRA. 211

nearly twice its length from the praebrachial transverse, and by about
its length from the border. Abdomen slightly petiolatcd, convex,
arched, pubescent, curved beneath at the tip ; first segment long, tumid
above on the hind border. Legs slender, not bristly, unarmed in both
sexes. Metatarsi long. Male. Abdomen subclavate. Fern. Abdomen
elongate-oval.

1. cylindrica, F. E. S. iv. 336. 104 (1792) ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett.
— nitidula, Yal.—putri*, Desv. Nigro-aenea, antennis rufis, thoracis
lateribus antice et postice rufis, alis hyalinis apice obscuris, abdomine
seneo-cupreo, pedibus flavo-fuscis. Long. lf-2£; alar. 2|-2f- lin.

^Eneous-black. Head black in front ; epistoma red. Antennae red ;
arista black, red at the base. Sides of the thorax and scutellum of the
metathorax aeneous, shining, the former red in front and beyond.
Wings limpid, yellowish at the base, brownish at the tips. Halteres
white. Abdomen aeneo-cupreous, shining. Legs yellow ; posterior fe-
mora brown in the middle ; hind tibiae brown ; middle tibiae pale brown
above ; tarsi brown, the anterior yellowish-brown at the base. Var. /3.
Male. Middle tibiae brown.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

The following additional species of Nemopoda have been re-
corded as British : —

1. stercoraria, Desv. 3. tarsalis, Walk.

2. nigricornis, Meig. 4. fumipennis, Walk.

Genus IV. THEMIRA.

THEMIRA, Desv. E. M. (1830); Mcq. Musca p., F. ; Schr. ; Gmel.
Sepsis p., Fal. ; Meig. ; Curt. ; Zett.

Arista pubescens, basi crassa. MetatJwracis scutellum bene determina-
tum. Ala immaculata. Abdomen mx petiolatum, depressum. Mas.
Abdomen fere lineare, apice plerumque setosum ; segmentum primum
longum. Femora et tibice antica subttts dentata et spinosa. Fcem.
Abdomen longi-ovatum ; segmenta subaequalia.
Body nearly linear. Sixth joint of the antennae pubescent, stout at
the base. Scutellum of the metathorax distinct. Wings unspotted ;
costal vein ending on the hind border at a short distance from the tip
of the wing ; subcostal ending at a little before one-third of the length ;
mediastinal ending before half the length ; radial ending beyond five-
sixths of the length ; cubital ending at the tip ; prsebrachial diverging
from the cubital between the transverse veins, slightly converging to it
from the discal transverse to the tip ; discal transverse straight, almost
upright, parted by more than twice its length from the praebrachial
transverse, and by nearly its length from the border. Abdomen nearly

212 MUSCID^E.

sessile, depressed. Legs slender. Male. Abdomen almost linear, gene-
rally bristly at the tip ; first segment long. Fore femora and fore tibia
dentate and spinose beneath. Fcem. Abdomen elongate-oval, segments
of nearly equal size.

1. putris, L. S. N. ii. 793. 89 (1767) ; Scop. ; F. ; Gmel. ; Pal. ;
Meig. ; Mcq. ; Hal. ; Zzii.—Jimeti var., ~L.—Jimeti, Schr. Atra vel
nigro-senea, nitida, alis subhyalinis ant subfuscis ; Mas, hypopygio bre-
vius setoso, metatarso antico brevi incrassato. Long. 1|— If ; alar. 2|—
31in.

Black, shining. Wings almost limpid ; costa black. Halteres yel-
low, brown at the base ; tarsi covered beneath with brown down. Male.
Tufts of curled hairs on each side of the hypopygium not half so long as

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

2. pilosa, Desv. E. M. 746. 1 (1830). — superba, Hal. Nigra
aut nigro-asnea, nitida, alis sublimpidis ; Mas, hypopygio longius setoso,
metatarso antico longmimo. Long. 1£; alar. 2 lin.

Black, shining. Wings almost limpid ; costa black. Halteres yel-
low. Tarsi covered beneath with brown down. Male. Tuft of hairs
on each side of the hypopygium as long as the abdomen. Fore femora
twisted and armed below with four spinous teeth in a cluster ; fore tibia
deeply notched, with a, strong tooth on the inner side ; above this a spine,
a small tooth nearer the base ; before the tip on the outer side is a long
spine ; fore metatarsus very long and straight, the next joint is the shortest.
Var. Body asneous-black.

Not common. (E. I.)

3. minor, Hal. E. M. i. 170 (1833). Nigra, nitida, alis sublim-
pidis aut subfuscis; Mas, hypopygio nudo, tarsis simplicibus. Long.
f-1 ; alar. If-lf lin.

Black, shining. Wings almost hyaline or slightly brown. Halteres
yellow. Abdomen asneous-black. Male. Hypopygium bare. Fore
femora with a few bristles below ; fore tibiae with a bifid spine about the

GeneraUy distributed. (E. S. I.)

4. Leachi, Meig. Zw. v. 291. 14 (1826). Nigra, nitida, alis sub-
limpidis, maris abdomine apice setoso, pedibus basi runs. Long. 2 ; alar.
4 lin.

Black, shining. Wings almost hyaline. Halteres yellow. Legs
red at the base. Male. Hypopygium bristly ; fore femora and fore tibia
dentate beneath.

Bare. (E.)

SALTELLA. 213

Genus V. SALTELLA.

SALTELLA, Desv. E. M. 74 (1830). Pandora, Hal. Piophila p., Fal.

Anisophysa, Mcq.

Frons lata, glabra, setosa. Epistoma subdescendens, foveolatum, my-
stacinum. Oculi rotundi, remoti. Antenna? incumbentes; arti-
culus tertius ellipticus, compressus ; sextus nudus. Metathorax oc-
cultuB. Alse incumbentes (erectae vibrantes). Abdomen oblongum,
depressum, glabrum.

Front broad, smooth, bristly. Face convex, carinated. Eyes round,
remote. Proboscis thick. Palpi very small, terminated by a seta.
Antennae incumbent, reposing in deep foveolae ; the third joint ellipti-
cal, compressed ; sixth bare. Scutellum of the metathorax extending
to the abdomen. Metathorax concealed. Wings small, incumbent,
narrowed to the tip, vibrating when erect ; costal vein ending on the
hind border very near the tip of the wing ; subcostal ending before one-
third of the length ; mediastinal ending before half the length ; radial
ending before five-sixths of the length; cubital ending at the tip;
praebrachial slightly diverging from the cubital between the transverse
veins, slightly converging to it from the discal transverse to the tip ;
discal transverse straight and upright, parted by much more than its
length from the prabrachial transverse, and by less from the border.
Abdomen nearly sessile, oblong, depressed, smooth. Legs short, un-
armed ; femora slightly clavate ; tibiae straight.

1. nigripes, Desv. E. M. 747. 2 (1830).— basalis, Hal. Nigra,
antennis fuscis, scutello apice rufo, alis albis, abdomine nigro-aeneo,
pedibus basiflavis. Long. 1£ ; alar. 1-| lin.

Black. Proboscis brown, with a red tip. Antenna brown; arista
black. Scutellum of the metathorax with a red tip. Wings white ;
veins pale brown. Halteres brown. Abdomen aeneous-black, shining.
Posterior femora at the base and coxes yellow.

Not common. (E. I.)

2. scutellaris, Fal. Heterom. 10. 3 (1820); Meig.; Zett. — stel-
lata ? Hal. Nigra, capitis maculis duabus, antennis, humeris, scutello,
abdominis basi, tibiis intermediis femoribusque fulvis, alis sublimpidis.
Long. H; alar. 2£ lin.

Black. Head with two tawny spots behind. Antennae, humeral
scapulae, and scutellum tawny. Wings nearly limpid. Abdomen at
the base, middle femora, fore femora beneath, and hind femora, except
the tips, tawny. Middle tibiae mostly tawny.

Not common. (E. I.)

Var. ? sellata, Hal. A. N. H. ii. 186 (1839). loem. Nigra, antennis
fuscis, scutello aterrimo, coxis pallidis.

214 MUSCID^E.

Genus VI. CALOBATA.

CALOBATA, F. S. A. (1805); Pal.; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett. Musca p.,
F. E. S. ; Gmel. ; Scliell. ; Schr. Ceijx, Dumr. Calobata et Ne-
rius, Desv.

Corpus longum, gracillimum, vix setosum. Capnt oblongum. Frons
subproducta. Facies valde obliqua. Oculi magni. Proboscis crassa,
exserta. Palpi breves. Antennae brevissimsc ; articulus tertius sub-
rotundus, secundo paullo longior; sextus pubescens. Thorax longi-
subellipticus. Alae angustss. Abdomen thorace multo longius, apice
attenuatura. Pedes longi, graciles, nudi. Fcem. Oviductus latus. ($j
Body long, very slender, with very few bristles. Head oblong. Front
rather produced. Face very oblique. Epistoma and peristoma not
prominent. Eyes large. Proboscis thick, exserted. Palpi short. An-
tennae very short, not near reaching the epistoma ; third joint nearly
round, a little longer than the second ; sixth setaceous, stout, pubes-
cent. Thorax long-subelliptical ; transverse suture distinct. Things
narrow ; costal vein ending at very little beyond the tip of the wing ;
subcostal ending at very little beyond one-third of the length ; medias-
tinal ending at very little beyond half the length ; radial ending beyond
five-sixths of the length ; cubital diverging from the prsebrachial between
the transverse veins, curved towards it near the tip ; discal transverse
nearly straight and upright, parted by full thrice its length from the
praebrachial transverse, and by full half its length from the border.
Abdomen linear, much longer than the thorax, attenuated towards the
tip. Legs long, slender, bare. Fern. Oviduct broad.

Note. The separation of the subcostal and mediastinal veins
is much less apparent in C. cibaria than in C. petronella, and is
still more indistinct in C. ephippium.

a. Thorax with two black stripes. Species 1.

a a. Thorax with ferruginous shoulders. Species 2.

a a a. Thorax red. Species 3.

1. cibaria, L. Fn. 1859 (1761); Schr.; Gmel.; Meig.; Mcq.;
Zett. — cothurnata, Fal. — Solidaginis, Desv. — soror, Desv. Cinereo-to-
mentosa, capite subtus albo, antennarum articulo tertio luteo, thorace
nigro-bivittato, alls limpidis, abdominis apice pedibusque testaceis, femo-
ribus posterioribus apice fuscis. Long. 3 ; alar. 6 lin.

Black, with cinereous tomentum. Head white beneath and about
the eyes. Antennae black ; third joint luteous. Thorax with two black-
ish stripes. Wings quite limpid. Halteres whitish. Abdomen tes-
taceous at the tip. Legs testaceous ; tips of posterior femora brown.
Male. Frontalia red. Fern. Frontalia luteous.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

2. petronella, L. Fn. 1856 (1761); F. ; Schell. ; Schr.; Gmel.;

PSILIDES. 215

Fal. ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett. — corrigiolata, Fal. Cinereo-tomentosa, capite
subtus albo, ' antennarum articulo tertio ferrugineo, humeris ferrugineis
alls subcinereis, abdominis apice pedibusque ferrugineis. Long. 3^-4 ;
alar. 7-8 lin.

Black, with cinereous tomentura. Head white beneath and about
the eyes. Frontalia bright red. Antennae black; third joint ferru-
ginous. Thorax with a ferruginous scapula on each shoulder. Wings
slightly grey. Halteres testaceous. Abdomen ferruginous towards the
tip. Legs ferruginous. Var. Legs tawny ; tips of posterior femora
darker.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

3. ephippium, F. E. S. iv. 338. 108 (1792) ; Pz. ! Fn. xxvii. 21 ;
Fal. ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett. — Inula, Desv. Nigra, capite albo-tomen-
toso subtus fulvo, thorace rufo, alis limpidis apice nigricantibus, pedibus
testaceis, femoribus posticis nigro-bifasciatis. Long. 2i ; alar. 4 lin.

Black. Head with white tomentum, tawny beneath. Frontalia
deep black. Thorax red. Wings limpid, with blackish tips. Legs tes-
taceous ; hind femora with two black bands.

Not rare. (E.)

The following additional species of Calobata have been recorded
as British : —

1. cothurnata, Pz. 2. sellata, Meig.

SUBFAMILY VI. PSILIDES.

Opomyzides p., Fal. Loxocerides, Hal. Piophilides p., Hal. Neriides
p., Hal. Loxocerida, Bigot. Psilomydce, Bigot. Piophilida, Bigot.
Alarum vents subcostalis et mediastinalis conjunctce ; radialis apicemfere
attingens, discalis transversa prope marginem ; areolce pobrachialis et
analis distinct^, longa. Metatarsi postici graciles.
Subcostal and mediastinal veins united. Radial vein extending nearly
to the tip. Discal transverse vein near the border. Pobrachial and anal
areolets distinct, long. Hind metatarsi slender.

The genera may be grouped thus : —
a. Head very long. MICROPEZA.
a a. Head transverse.

b. Abdomen clavate. TETANUEA.
6 b. Abdomen not clavate.

c. Third joint of the antennae four times the length of the second.

LOXOCEEA.

c c. Third joint of the antennae about twice the length of the
second.
d. Antennae reaching the epistoma. CHYLIZA.

216

d d. Antennae not near reaching the epistoma. PIOPHILA.
c c c. Third joint of the antennae a little longer than the second.
d. Body very long. LISSA.
d d. Body moderately long. PSILA.

Genus I. MICROPEZA.

MICROPEZA, Meig. Zw. v. 382 (1826) ; Mcq. ; Zett. Mmca p., P. E. S. ;
Schr. I. A. ; Gmel. Calobata p., P. S. A. ; Pal. ; Latr. Rhagio p.,
Schr. P. B. Phantasma, Desv.

Corpus longum, nudum, gracillimum. Caput longissimum, cuneiforme.
Proboscis non exserta. Palpi subclavati. Antennae brevissimae ; ar-
ticulus tertius subrotundus, secundo paullo longior; sextus nudus.
Thorax longi-fusiformis. Alee breves, anyustce. Abdomen sublineare,
thorace plus duplo longius. Pedes longissimi, gracillimi. Foem.
Oviductus linearis.

Body long, bare, extremely slender. Head very long, cuneiform., with
a few bristles, about twice longer than broad. Prontalia very narrow.
Front porrect. Face very oblique. Eyes elongate. Proboscis short,
thick, not exserted. Palpi subclavate. Antennae very short ; third joint
nearly round, a little longer than the second ; sixth setaceous, slender,
bare. Thorax elongate-fusiform. Wings short, very narrow; costal
vein ending at the tip of the wing ; subcostal ending at about one-sixth
of the length; radial ending at one-fifth of the length; cubital and
praebrachial slightly diverging to beyond the discal transverse, slightly
converging from thence to the border; discal transverse straight, up-
right, parted by full four times its length from the praebrachial trans-
verse, and by more than its length from the border. Abdomen nearly
linear, more than twice the length of the thorax. Legs very long and
slender ; tibiae with very short bristles. Jem. Oviduct linear.

1. corrigiolata, L. S. N. ii. 995 (1767); P.; Schr.; Gmel.;
Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett.—jiliformis, F. ; Pal. ; Latr. ; Desv. Nigra, capite
subtus et antennarum articulo sexto albis, alis subcinereis, abdomine
flavo-fasciato, pedibus fulvis, femoribus posterioribus fusco-bifasciatis,
tarsis fuscis. Long. 4 ; alar. 4 lin.

Black, with slight glaucous tomentum. Head white beneath. An-
tennae black; sixth joint white. Wings slightly greyish. Halteres
white. Hind borders of the abdominal segments with yellow bands,
which are most conspicuous beneath. Legs tawny ; posterior femora
with two brown bands near the tips ; tarsi brown.

Not rare. (E.)

Micropeza lateralis and Tetanura pallidiventris have been re-
corded as British species.

LOXOCERA. 217

Genus II. LOXOCERA.

LOXOCERA, F. S. A. 202 (1805) ; Latr. ; Fal. ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Desv. ;
Zett. Syrphus p., F. E. S. Mulio p., F. E. S. Suppl. Nemotelus
p., Schr. Musca p., Gmel. ; Pz.

Corpus perangustum, fere cylindricum. Caput subquadratum. Fades
valde obliqua. Antenna capite longiores ; articulus tertius linearis,
secundo quadruplet longior. Thorax longi-subquadratus. Ala3 sat
angustae. Abdomen gracillimum, thorace multo longius. Pedes
graciles, sat longi. Mas. Abdomen Jineare, cylindricum. Fosm.
Abdomen lanceolatuin, compressum.

Body very narrow, nearly cylindrical, slightly pubescent, without
bristles. Head subquadrate, slightly prominent. Front slightly con-
vex. Face very oblique. Epistoma and peristoma not prominent.
Antenna longer than the head; third joint linear, very slender, about
four times the length of the second ; sixth setiform, pubescent, stout,
as long as the third. Thorax elongate, subquadrate. Wings rather
narrow ; costal vein ending on the hind border at some little distance
from the tip of the wing ; subcostal ending at much before half the
length ; radial ending at about seven-eighths of the length ; cubital
and prabrachial slightly diverging between the transverse veins ; pras-
brachial slightly angular at its junction with the transverse veins, more
curved than the cubital, and slightly diverging from it towards the tip ;
discal transverse nearly upright, slightly curved outward, parted by
twice its length from the praBbrachial transverse, and by more than half
its length from the border. Abdomen very slender, very much longer
than the thorax. Legs slender, almost bare, rather long. Male. Ab-
domen linear, cylindrical. Fern. Abdomen lanceolate, compressed,
longer than in the male.

1. ichneumonea, L. Fn. 1809 (1761) ; F. ; Gmel. ; Latr. ; Fal. ;
Meig. ; Mcq. ; Desv. ; Zett. — albisetus, Schr. — aristata, Pz. ! Fn. Ixxiii.
Nigra, antennis basi ferrugineis, arista testacea, thorace rufo nigro-bivit-
tatot alis sublimpidis, pedibus fulvis ; Mas, abdomine thorace duplo Ion-
giore ; Fcem. abdomine tJwrace triplo longiore. Long. 3^-5 ; alar. 5^-7
lin.

Black, shining. Antennae black ; first and second joints ferruginous ;
arista testaceous. Thorax red, more or less black in front, and with two
black discal stripes. Wings with a slight lurid tinge, or nearly limpid.
Halter.es pale yellow. Legs tawny; hind tarsi and tips of anterior
tarsi brown. Male. Abdomen twice the length of the thorax. Fern. Ab-
domen thrice the length of the thorax.

Common. (E. S.)

2. sylvatica, Meig. Zw. v. 365. 3 (1826) ; Mcq. ; Zett. Nigra,
antennis basi ferrugineis, arista testacea, thorace rufo nigro-univittato,

VOL. II. 2 F

218 MUSCID^E.

alls sublimpidis, pedibus fulvis ; Mas, abdomine thorace non duplo lon-
giore; Teem, abdomine thorace plus duplo longiore. Long. 2|-3 ; alar. 5 lin.

Black, shining. Antennae ferruginous at the base ; arista testaceous.
Thorax red ; disc in front black, whence a black stripe extends nearly to
the scutellum. Wings nearly limpid. Halteres pale yellow. Legs
tawny ; tarsi darker. Male. Abdomen less than twice the length of the
thorax. Fern. Abdomen a little more than twice the length of the thorax.

Not rare. (E.)

L. elongata, Meig., has been recorded as a British species.

Genus III. LISSA.

LISSA, Meig. Zw. v. 370 (1826) ; Mcq. ; Zett. Ocyptera p., F. Chy-
liza p., Fal.

Corpus cylindricum, sublineare, longissimum, gracillimum. Captit trans-
versum, subquadratum. Antenna breves ; articulus tertius secundo
paullo longior. Alee parvse. Pedes sat breves ; femora postica crassa,
subtus spinosa.

Body cylindrical, nearly linear, very long and slender. Head subqua-
drate, transverse. Front concave. Face vertical. Epistoma and peri-
stoina not prominent. Antenna short, not near reaching the epistorna ;
third joint conical, a little longer than the second; sixth setiforrn, long,
slender, pubescent. Thorax elongate-quadrate. Wings small; costal
vein ending on the hind border very near the tip of the wing ; subcos-
tal ending at a little beyond one-third of the length ; mediastinal end-
ing at a little before half the length ; radial ending at a little before
five-sixths of the length ; cubital and praebrachial very slightly diverg-
ing between the transverse veins, and more slightly converging from
the discal transverse to the border ; discal transverse straight, upright,
parted by more than twice its length from the pra3brachial transverse,
and by full half its length from the border. Abdomen linear, narrower
than the thorax, and more than twice its length. Legs rather short,
pubescent, without bristles. Hind femora thick, armed with spines
beneath.

1. dolium, F. S. A. 315. 12 (1805).— loxocerina, Fal. ; Meig. ;
Mcq. ; Zett. Nigra, antennis fulvis, articulo sexto albido, alis limpidis,
pedibus fulvis, femoribus anticis apice tibiisque anticis fuscis, tarsis
anticis nigris. Long. 4 ; alar. 5-| lin.

Black, shining. Head and thorax beneath, and sutures of the ab-
domen with white tomentum. Antennee tawny; sixth joint whitish.
Wings limpid. Halteres pale yellow. Legs tawny; fore tibiae and
tips of fore femora brown ; fore tarsi black.

Not common. (E.)

CHYLIZA.

219

Genus IV. CHYLIZA.

CHYLIZA, Fal. Opomyz. (1820) ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett. Sargus p., F.
Musca p., Pz. Dasyna, Desv.

Corpus angustum, sat longum. Caput transversum. Antennae epistoma

attingentes ; articulus tertius secundo duplo longior. Alas mediocres.

Abdomen thorace longius. Pedes graciles. Mas. Abdomen lineare.

Fcem. Abdomen fusiforme.

Body narrow, rather long, pubescent, not bristly. Head short.
Front nearly flat. Face vertical. Epistoma and peristoma not promi-
nent. Antenna reaching tlie epistoma ; third joint cornea./, about twice the
length of the second ; sixth setiform, slender, pubescent, twice the length
of the third. Thorax elongate-subquadrate. Wings moderate ; costal
vein ending on the hind border very near the tip of the wing ; subcos-
tal ending before half the length ; radial ending at about seven-eighths
of the length; prabrachial diverging from the cubital between the
transverse veins, very slightly converging to it from the discal trans-
verse to the border ; discal transverse straight and upright, parted by
more than twice its length from the prsebrachial transverse, and by full
half its length from the border. Abdomen longer than the thorax.
Legs slender, pubescent, without bristles. Male. Abdomen linear.
Abdomen fusiform.

1. scutellata, F. E. S. Suppl. 567. 5 (II Qty.—leptoff aster, Pz. !
Fn. liv. 19; Fal.; Meig.; Mcq.; Zett. Nigra, capite antice sub-
tusque flavo, antennis fulvis basi supra fuscis, scutello fulvo, alis lim-
pidis, pedibus flavis. Long. 3 ; alar. 6 lin.

Black, slightly pubescent. Head yellow in front and beneath, and
with a transverse tawny spot behind the ocelli. Antennas tawny, brown
above towards the base ; sixth joint black. Scutellum tawny. Wings
limpid, brown at the tips. Halteres whitish. Legs yellow.

Not common. (E.)

The following additional species have been recorded as British: —
1. atriseta, Meig. 2. annulipes, Mcq.

Genus V. PSILA.

PSILA, Meig. Zw. v. 35 (1826) ; Zett. Musca p., F. E. S. ; Gmel. ;
Schr. I. A.; Schell. ; Pz. Tephritis p., F. S. A. Scatophaga p.,
F. S. A., Fal. Tolucella p., Schr. Psilomyia, Latr. ; Mcq. Oblicia,
Desv.

Corpus sublineare, sat longum. Caput non longum. Facies valde ob-
liqua. Antenna breves; articulus tertius secundo paullo longior.

220 MUSCIDjE.

Ala3 sat angusta3. Abdomen thorace longius. Pedes graciles, sat

longi.

Body nearly linear, rather long, shining, almost bare. Head slightly
prominent in front, not broader than long. Face very oblique. Epi-
stoma and peristoma not prominent. Eyes oblong. Proboscis thick.
Palpi subclavate. Antenna short, not near reaching the epistoma;
third joint conical, a little longer than the second ; sixth plumose or
pubescent. Thorax fusiform. Wings rather narrow ; costal vein ending
on the hind border at some little distance from the tip of the wing ; sub-
costal ending at about one-third of the length ; radial ending at about
seven-eighths of the length ; cubital ending at the tip ; pra3brachial
curved and nearly parallel to it. Abdomen linear, lanceolate, or fusi-
form, longer than the thorax. Legs slender, without bristles, rather
long.

The Psila frequent herbage. The species may be thus charac-
terized : —

«, Arista plumose. Species 1.
a a. Arista pubescent.

b. Body pale.

c. Wings greyish. Species 2.

c c. Wings slightly testaceous. Species 3.

b b. Abdomen black. Species 4.

b b b. Body black. Species B.

1. fimetaria, L. Fn. 1862 (1761); F. ; Schr.; Gmel. ; Latr. ;
Fill. ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett.— -flava, Schell. ; Pz. Fn. ! xx. 2Z.—testacea,
Desv. Testacea, capite antice subtusque albido, arista piumosa, alis
subflavescentibus, abdomine fulvo. Long. 4 ; alar. 8 lin.

Testaceous. Head whitish in front and beneath. Arista plumose,
black at the base. Wings slightly yellowish ; prasbrachial vein slightly
diverging from the cubital between the transverse veins, curved and
nearly parallel to it between the discal transverse and the tip ; discal
transverse upright, nearly straight, parted by nearly four times its
length from the praBbrachial transverse, and by one-third of its length
from the border. Abdomen fusiform, tawny.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

2. mfa, Hoffm.; Meig. Zw. v. 357. 3 (1826); Zett. Ferruginea,

alis subcinereis, venis transversis infuscatis, pedibus fulvis. Long. 2f ;
alar. 5^ lin.

Ferruginous. Head testaceous beneath. FTings greyish ; transverse
veins slightly clouded with brown ; prsebrachial vein almost straight and
very slightly converging to the cubital between the discal transverse
and the tip ; discal transverse parted by more than twice its length
from the prsebrachial transverse, and by a little less than its length from
the border. Legs tawny. Fern. Abdomen oblanceolate.

Bare. (S.)

PIOPHILA. 221

3. pallida, Fal. Opomyz. 9. 2 (1820) ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett. Tes-
tacea, alls subtestaceis. Long. 3 ; alar. 6 lin.

Testaceous. Head paler beneath. Arista pubescent, black at the
base. Wings slightly testaceous ; praebrachial vein slightly curved and
parallel to the cubital between the discal transverse and the tip ; discal
transverse parted by nearly thrice its length from the prsebrachial trans-
verse, and by full one-third of its length from the border. Male. Ab-
domen linear. Fern. Abdomen oblanceolate.

Not common. (E. S.)

4. bicolor, Meig.! Zw. v. 358. 4. pi. 51. f. 13 (1826); Mcq.;
Zett. — pallida var. /3, Fal. Testacea, alis limpidis, abdomine nigro.
Long. 2-3 ; alar. 4-6 lin.

Testaceous. Arista pubescent. Wings limpid; prabrachial vein
slightly curved and diverging from the cubital towards the tip ; discal
transverse slightly oblique, parted by four times its length from the
prabrachial transverse, and by almost half its length from the border.
Abdomen black. Male. Abdomen linear. Fern. Abdomen oblanceolate,
compressed towards the tip, which is tawny.

Not rare. (E.)

5. Rosse, F. E. S. iv. 356. 181 (1792); Fal.; Meig.; Mcq.;
Zett. ; Curt. Nigra, capitefulvo, alis limpidis, pedibus testaceis. Long.
H-2 ; alar. 3-4 lin.

Black. Head tawny, testaceous beneath. Third joint of the antennae
black; sixth testaceous, pubescent. Wings limpid; prabrachial vein
slightly curved beyond the discal transverse, diverging from the cubital
towards the tip ; discal transverse nearly straight and upright, parted
by much more than twice its length from the prsebrachial transverse,
and by full half its length from the border. Halteres whitish. Legs
testaceous. Male. Abdomen nearly linear. Fern. Abdomen fusiform.

Common. (E. S. I.)

The following additional species have been recorded as British: —

1. pectoralis, Fal. 3. nigra, Fal.

2. nigricornis, Meig. 4. atra, Meig.

Genus VI. PIOPHILA.

PIOPHILA, Fal. Heterom. (1820); Meig.; Mcq.; Zett. Musca p.,
F. E. S. ; Gmel. Tepnritis p., F. S. A. Tyrophaga, Kby. ; Curt.

Corpus lineare, non elongatum. Caput subrotundum. Antenna epi-
stoma non attingentes ; articulus tertius secundo duplo longior. Alaa
subangustffi. Abdomen thorace paullo longius. Pedes longitudine
mediocres.
Body linear, moderately long, shining, not bristly. Head nearly

222 MUSC1DJE.

round. Face slightly oblique. Epistoma and peristoma not prominent.
Antenna short, not reaching the epistoma ; third joint a little longer than
broad, about twice the length of the second ; sixth bare. Wings rather
narrow ; costal vein ending on the hind border at a short distance from
the tip of the wing ; subcostal ending at a little beyond one-third of
the length ; radial ending at hardly five-sixths of the length ; cubital
ending at the tip ; prsebrachial very near the cubital before the praebra-
chial transverse, diverging much from it between the transverse veins,
and parallel to it from the discal transverse to the tip ; discal transverse
nearly straight and upright, parted by a little more than its length
from the prasbrachial transverse, and by much less than its length from
the border. Abdomen nearly linear, a little longer than the thorax.
Legs pubescent, of moderate length.

The larvae of the Piophila feed on animal substances, and leap
very actively, as is described in the following extract : — " When
the larva prepares to leap, it first erects itself upon its anus, and
then bending itself into a circle by bringing its head to its tail, it
pushes forth its unguiform mandibles, and fixes them in two cavi-
ties in its anal tubercles ; it next contracts its body into an oblong,
so that the two halves are parallel to each other ; it then lets go
its hold with so violent a jerk that the sound produced by its
mandibles may be readily heard, and the leap takes place."

1. casei, L. Fn. 1850 (1761); Fal.; Meig. ; Curt.! B. E. 126;
Mcq. ; Zett. — putris var., Gmel. Nigro-aenea, capite luteo, antennis
nigris basi luteis, alis albis, pedibus fulvis, anticis piceis, femoribus pos-
ticis piceo-cinctis. Long. 2 ; alar. 4 lin.

THE CHEESE FLY. — .ZEneous-black. Head luteous; vertex black.
Proboscis piceous. Antenna? black, luteous towards the base. Wings
white; veins whitish. Halteres testaceous. Legs tawny; fore legs
mostly piceous. Hind femora with a piceous band.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

2. luteata, Hal. E. M. i. 169 (1833).— petasionis, Leon Duf.
Nigra, nitida, capite pleuris pectore pedibusque posterioribus luteis,
alis subflavescentibus, femoribus tibiisque posticisfusco-cinctis. Long. 2;
alar. 3f lin.

THE BACON FLY. — More robust than P. casei. Legs shorter and
thicker. Wings shorter, yellowish, with thick yellow veins. Back of the
thorax, scutellum, and the entire abdomen shining greenish-black. Fore
legs blackish, with the knees and base of the tibia? yellowish; hind
femora and tibia? with brown rings ; tips of the tarsi dusky.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

The following additional species have been recorded as British : —

1. atrata, F. 3. nigricornis, Meig.

2. nigrimana, Meig. 4. nigriceps, Meig.

PLATYCEPHALA.

223

SUBFAMILY VII. OSCINIDES.

OSCINIDES, Hal. Oscinides p., Fal. ; Zett. Heteromyzides p., Mcq.
Oscinida, Bigot.

Alarum vents subcostalis et mediastinalia conjunct^ ; radialis ab apice

remota. Metatarsi postici graciles.

Subcostal and mediastinal veins united ; radial vein not extending be-
yond three-fourths of the length of the wing. Hind metatarsi slender.

The Oscinides comprise the following genera : —

1. PLATYCEPHALA.

(long
long ; second joint \

shorts

(.short

Hind femora thick ; hind tibiae curved

2. CAMAROTA.

3. MEROMYZA.

{Cubital vein ending at the
tip of the costal ... 4. CHLOROPS.
Prsebrachial vein ending at
the tip of the costal . 5. OSCINIS.

Genus I. PLATYCEPHALA.

PLATYCEPHALA, Fal. Oscinid. (1820) ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Curt. ; Westw. ;
Zett. Musca p., F. E. S. Oscinis p., F. S. A.

Corpus mediocre. Caput supra depressum. Frons conica, valde pro-
ducta. Facies perobliqua. Antenna porrecta ; articulus secundus
longus, oblique truncatus ; tertius elongato-conicus, secundo vix longior ;
quintus longus ; sextus pubescens, quinto triplo longior. Thorax
punctatus. Abdomen thorace paullo longius. Femora postica crassa ;
tibia postica arcuata.

Body moderately long. Head flat above. Front conical, much pro-
duced. Face extremely oblique, almost horizontal. Proboscis and
palpi short. Antenna porrect ; second joint long, obliquely truncated;
third elongate-conical, hardly longer than the second; fifth long; sixth
pubescent, rather stout, about thrice the length of the fifth. Thorax
thickly punctured. Wings of moderate size ; costal vein ending on
the fore border at a little distance in front of the tip of the wing ; sub-
costal ending at beyond one-third of the length ; radial ending at a
little beyond two-thirds of the length ; cubital ending at the tip of the
costal ; prsebrachial ending on the hind border at some little distance
from the tip ; prabrachial ending before two-thirds of the length of the
hind border ; discal transverse straight, slightly oblique, parted by its
length from the prffibrachial transverse, and by near thrice its length

224 MUSCID2E.

from the border. Abdomen a little longer than the thorax. Legs of
moderate length. Hind femora thick. Hind tibia curved.

1. umbraculata, F. E. S. iv. 348. 148 (1792); Meig. ; Mcq. ;
Zett. — agrorum, Fal. Ferruginea, capite pectore ventre pedibusque
fulvis, thorace fulvo-bivittato, alls sublimpidis, halteribus albidis. Long.
2-3 ; alar. 3-5 lin.

Ferruginous. Under side, head, and legs tawny. Thorax with two
tawny stripes. Wings nearly limpid; veins tawny. Halteres whitish.

Not common. (E.)

P.jplanifrons, E., has been recorded as British.

Genus II. CAMAROTA.

CAMAROTA, Meig. Zw. vi. 7 (1830) ; Mcq.; Westw.

Corpus breve, latum, convexum, nudum.' Caput conicum, depressum.

Antenna longcz ; articuli primus et secundus breves ; tertius elongato-

conicus ; arista pubescens, valida. Thorax punctatus. Ala medicares ;

vena radialis nulla.

Body short, broad, convex, bare. Head conical, nearly as broad as
the thorax ; disc above flat and triangular. Antenna long ; first and
second joints short; third elongate-conical ; arista pubescent, very stout,
more slender at each end, longer than the third joint. Thorax longer
than broad; scutellum semicircular. Wings of moderate size; costal
vein ending at some little distance in front of the tip of the wing ; sub-
costal ending at much before half the length ; radial vein none ; cubital
curved upward and ending a little before the tip of the costal ; prasbra-
chial ending at hardly in front of the tip ; praebrachial transverse nearly
straight, very oblique, parted by twice its length from the discal trans-
verse and from the border. Abdomen not longer than the thorax, with
six distinct segments. Legs of moderate length.

1. flavitarsis, Meig. Zw. vi. 7. 1 (1830); M.cq.—aurifrons, Hal.
Nigra, capite antennisque luteis, alis cinereis, halteribus piceis, pedibus.
fulvis, femoribus tibiisque nigro-variis. Long. -|-1 ; alar. 1|— 2 lin.

Black. Head luteous. Antennae paler ; third joint towards the tip
and arista black. Thorax minutely punctured. Wings grey; veins
black. Halteres piceous. Legs tawny ; femora and tibias more or less
black.

Eare. (E.)

Genus III. MEROMYZA.

MEROMYZA, Meig. Zw. vi. 163 (1830); Mcq.; Westw.; Zett. Musca
p., L. ; F. E. S.; Schr.; Gmel. Tephritis p., F. S. A. Oscinis p., Fal.

MEROMYZA. 225

Corpus sat longum. Frons producta. Fades obliqua. Antenna breves ;

articulus tertiusfere rotundus ; arista gracilis, nuda. Femora postica

crassa; tibia postica arcuaia.

Body rather long. Head not broader than long. Front produced.
Face oblique. Proboscis and palpi short. Antenna not reaching the
epistoma ; third joint nearly round, longer than the second ; sixth
slender, bare. Wings rather narrow ; costal vein ending at about four-
fifths of the length of the wing ; subcostal ending at one-third of the
length ; radial ending at beyond half the length ; cubital ending at
about four-fifths of the length ; prabrachial ending on the hind border
near the tip ; pobrachial ending at beyond half the length ; discal
transverse straight, upright, parted by a little more than its length
from the pra3brachial transverse, and by full four times its length from
the border. Abdomen longer than the thorax. Legs of moderate
length. Hind femora thick. Hind tibia curved.

The Meromyza frequent herbage. The species are few in num-
ber, and may be thus distinguished : —
a. Thorax with black stripes.

b. Abdomen longer than the thorax. Species 1.

b b. Abdomen almost twice the length of the thorax. Species 2.
a a. Thorax with pale red stripes. Species 3.

1. saltatrix, L. Fn. 2317 (1761); Fal.; Meig.; Mcq. ; Zett.—
minuta, Gmel. ; F. — clavicrus, Schr. ; Gmel. Viridis, antennis supra
fuscis, thorace nigro-trivittato, alis sublimpidis, abdomine thorace longiore
e maculis nigris trivittato. Long, li-lf ; alar. lf-2f lin.

Pale-green. Head with a forked luteous mark in front. Front less
produced than in M. pratorum ; a black dot on the vertex. Antenna
brown, pale green beneath and towards the base. Thorax with three
black stripes. Wings nearly limpid. Abdomen longer tlian the thorax,
with three rows of black dots.

Common. (E. S. I.)

2. pratorum, Meig. Zw. vi. 165. 1 (1830) ; Mcq. ; Zett.— viridula,
Hal. Viridis, antennis piceis, thorace nigro-trivittato, alis limpidis,
abdomine thorace fere duplo longiore vitta dorsali maculisque duabus
basalibus nigris, tibiis tarsisque fulvis. Long. 2^ ; alar. 3 lin.

Pale-green. Head with a forked luteous mark in front ; a black dot
about the ocelli. Antennas piceous, pale green towards the base. Tho-
rax with three black stripes. Wings limpid. Abdomen almost twice the
length of the thorax, with a black dorsal stripe, and with a black dot on
each side at the base. Tibia? and tarsi tawny.

Common. (E. S. I.)

3. variegata, Meig. Zw. vi. 165. 2 (1830); Mcq.; Zett. Flava,
antennis apice fuscis, thorace vittis tribus rufa duabusgue nigris, alis
sublimpidis, abdomine e maculis nigris trivittato. Long. 1^-lf ; alar.

lin.

VOL. II. 2 G

226 MUSCID^E.

Yellow. Vertex pale red ; a black dot about the ocelli. Antennae
brown towards the tips. Thorax with three pale red stripes, and with
two black stripes; metathorax black. Wings nearly limpid. Abdo-
men with three rows of black dots.

Common. (E. S. I.)

The following additional species of Meromyza have been recorded
as British : —

1. femorata, Mcq. 2. nigriventris, Mcq.

Genus IV. CHLOROPS.

CHLOKOPS, Meig. Zw. vi. 138 (1830) ; Pz. ; Mcq. Oscinis p., F. S. A. ;
Schr. F. B. ; Latr. ; Fal. ; Zett. Musca p., F. E. S. ; Gmel. ; Schr.
I. A. Tephritis p., F.

Corpus breve. Caput transversum. Facies obliqua. Antennae brems-
simce ; articulus tertius rotundus ; arista gracilis nuda. Alee medio-
cres ; vena cubitalis costali juncta. Jemora postica gracilia ; tibia
posticce recta.

Body short. Head transverse. Vertex flat. Front prominent. Face
oblique. Antennae very short, not near reaching the epistoma; third
joint round, twice the length of the second ; sixth bare. Wings mode-
rately broad ; costal vein ending at a little in front of the tip of the
wing ; subcostal ending at much beyond one-third of the length ; radial
ending at three-fourths of the length ; cubital ending at very near the
tip of the costal ; prabrachial ending on the hind border near the tip ;
pobrachial ending at beyond half the length ; discal transverse straight,
upright, parted by more than twice its length from the prasbrachial
transverse and from the border. Abdomen obconical. Legs of mode-
rate length. Hind femora slender. Hind tibiae straight.

Some of the species of this genus are excessively abundant, and
their larvae are very injurious to corn.

a. Thorax with five black stripes.

b. Abdomen yellow, with a black spot on each side at the base.

Species 1.

b b. Abdomen yellow, with black bands.
c. Vertex with a reddish dot on each side. Species 2.
c c. Vertex with no reddish dots.
d. Head without a black stripe.

e. Legs yellow ; tarsi with black tips.
/. Wings nearly limpid. Species 3.
//. Wings grey. Species 4.

e e. Fore tarsi at the base, and tips of the fore tibia? black.
Species 5.

CHLOROPS. 227

e e e. Femora and hind tibiae mostly black. Species 6.
b I b. Abdomen black ; base and tip yellow. Species 7.
a a. Thorax with three black stripes. Species 8.
a a a. Thorax not striped.
b. Head yellow.

c. Scutellum yellow. Species 9.
c c. Scutellum black. Species 10.
b b. Head black. Species 11.

1. hypostigma, Meig. Zw. vi. 141. 2 (1830) ; Mcq. ; Zett. Flava,
verticis gutta, antennis apice, thoracis vittis quinque, abdominis guttis
duabus basalibus, tarsisque apice nigris, scutello albido, alls limpidis.
Long. -|-li ; alar. l£-2£ lin.

Yellow. Vertex with a black dot about the ocelli. Antennse black,
yellow at the base. Thorax with three black stripes. Scutellum whitish.
Things limpid. Abdomen with a black dot on each side at the base. Tips
of the tarsi black.

Common. (E. S. I.)

2. notata, Meig. Zw. vi. 144. 10 (1830); Zett. Flava, capitis
macula triangulari, antennis apice, thoracis vittis quinque, abdominis
maculis duabus basalibus fasciisque nigris, vertice maculis duabus rufes-
centibus, scutello pallide flavo, alis subcinereis, tarsis apice nigris. Long,
li-lf ; alar. 2-2f lin.

Yellow. Head black behind, and with a black triangular spot about
the ocelli. Vertex with a pale reddish spot on each side. Antennse
black towards the tips. Thorax with five black stripes. Scutellum
pale yellow. Wings greyish. Abdomen with a black dot on each side
at the base, and with slender black bands on the fore borders of the
segments. Tips of the tarsi black.

Common. (E.)

3. scalaris, Meig. Zw. vi. 145. 11 (1830) ; Mcq.; Zett. Flava,
capitis macula, thoracis vittis quinque, abdominis guttis duabus basalibus
fasciisque angnstis nigris, antennis nigris basi flavis, alis sublimpidis.
Long, lf-2 ; alar. 3|-4 lin.

Yellow. Head black behind, and with a black triangular spot about
the ocelli. Antennas black, yellow towards the base. Thorax with Jive
black stripes, and with a black dot on each side in front. Scutellum
pale yellow. Pectus with a black spot on each side. Wings nearly
limpid. Abdomen with a black dot on each side at the base, and with
very narrow blackish bands on the fore borders of the segments. Tarsi
with black tips.

Common. (E. S. I.)

4. nasuta, Schr. I. A. 475. 966 (1781); Gmel.; Meig.; Mcq.;
Zzit.—lineala, Schr. F. B. ; TfaL—vmbelliferaritm, Schr. F. B. ; Geoff. ;
Schell. Flava, capitis macula triangulari, auteimis apice thoracis vittis

228 MUSCID.E.

quinque, abdominis fasciis tarsisque apice nigris, scutello albido, alls
cinereis. Long. 1^-lf ; alar. 3-3£ lin.

Yellow. Head black behind, and with a black triangular spot about
the ocelli. Antennae black, yellow at the base. Thorax with three broad
black stripes. Scutellum whitish. Wings grey. Abdominal segments
with black bands in front. Tips of the tarsi black.

Common. (E. S. I.)

5. tseniopus, Meig. Zw. vi. 144. 9 (1830); Mcq. ; Curt.; Zett.
Flava, capitis macula triangulari, antennis apice, thoracis vittis quinque,
abdominis fasciis, tibiis anticis tarsisque apice tarsisque anticis, basi ni-
gris, scutello albido, alis subcinereis. Long. l|-lf ; alar. 2|~3i lin.

Yellow. Head black behind, and with a black triangular spot about
the ocelli. Antennae black, yellow at the base. Thorax with five broad
black stripes. Scutellum whitish. Wings greyish. Abdominal seg-
ments with black bands in front. Tips of the tarsi, fore tarsi at the
base, and tips of the fore tibia black.

Common. (E. S. I.)

6. cinctipes, Meig. Zw. vi. 148. 19 (1830). Flava, capitis vitta,
thoracis vittis quinque, pectoris maculis sex, abdominis fasciis, tibiis pos-
ticis femoribusque nigris, antennis nigris basi flavis, alis subcinereis.
Long. H ; alar. 3 lin.

Yellow. Head black behind, and with a large black triangular spot,
from whence a stripe proceeds to the antenna. Antennae black, yellow
at the base. Thorax with Jive black stripes ; middle one and inner pair
very broad. Scutellum pale yellow. Pectus with three black spots on
each side. Wings greyish. Halteres white. Abdomen with slender black
bands on the fore borders of the segments. Femora and hind tibia mostly
black above.

Not rare. (E.)

7. lineata, F. Sp. I. ii. 453. 99 (1781); Gmel.; Latr. ; Meig.;
Mcq.; Zett. — pumilionis, F. Flava, capitis macula, thoracis vittis
quinque, pectoris maculis sex, abdominisque disco nigris, antennis nigris
basi flavis, alia limpidis. Long, j— 1 ; alar. 1^-2 lin.

Yellow. Head black behind, and with a large black triangular spot
on the vertex. Antennae black, yellow at the base. Thorax with five
black stripes; the middle one and the inner pair broad, Scutellum
pale yellow. Pectus with three black spots on each side. Wings lim-
pid. Halteres white. Abdomen black above ; base and tip yellow.

Very abundant ; often appears in profusion on windows during
the spring. (E. S. I.)

8. glabra, Meig. Zw. vi. 149. 20 (1830); Mcq.; Zett. Flava,
capitis macula maxima, antennis, thoracis fasciis tribus, abdominis disco
tarsisque anticis nigris, alis limpidis, femoribus tibiis fusco-strigatis.
Long. 1£ ; alar. 2^ lin.

Yellow. Head black behind, and with a very large black triangular

CHLOROPS. 229

spot, which extends to the antennae. Antennae black. Thorax with
three very broad black stripes. Scutellum whitish-yellow. Pectus with
a black spot on each side. Wings limpid. Halteres white. Abdomen
black above, yellow on each side and at the tip. Femora and tibiae with
broicn streaks above. Fore tarsi black.
Not rare. (E.)

9. Cereris, Fal. Oscinid. 5. 3 (1820); Meig.; Mcq.; Zett.—
scutellatus, Pz. — agnata, Hal. (var.) Nigra, capite, antennis basi, pec-
tore scntello pedibusque flavis, alis limpidis, femoribus posticis supra
fuscescentibus, tarsis anticis nigris. Long. li-H ; alar. 2-2^ lin.

Black. Head yellow, black behind, and with a large black spot on
the vertex. Antennas black, yellow towards the base. Pectus and scu-
tellum pale yellow, the former with black spots on each side. Wings
limpid. Halteres pale yellow. Legs yellow ; hind tibia brownish above ;
fore tarsi and tips of fore iibm Hack.

Common. (E. S. I.)

10. messoria, Fal. Oscinid. 5. 4 (1820); Meig.; Mcq.; Zett.
Nigra, capite apud oculos antice subtusque, thoracis lateribus halteri-
busque pallide flams, alis vix subcinereis, tibiis tarsisque posterioribus
basi genubusque fulvis. Long. \\ ; alar. 2^ lin.

Slack. Head pale yellow along the eyes, above, in front, and be-
neath. Antennas black, yellow at the base. Thorax with two longi-
tudinal furrows ; sides and pectus pale yellow, with black spots. Wings
very slightly greyish ; veins black, tawny at the base ; costal vein end-
ing in front at about five-sixths of the length of the wing ; radial end-
ing before two-thirds of the length ; discal transverse parted by less
than its length from the prasbrachial transverse, and by four times its
length from the border. Halteres white. Posterior tibiae and tarsi
towards the base and knees tawny.

Common. (E. S. I.)

11. tarsata, Fal. Oscinid. 5. 5 (1820) ; Meig. ; Zett. Nigra, alis
sublimpidis, halteribus albidis, tarsis posterioribus tibiis apice genu-
busque fulvis. Long. 1^ ; alar. 2 lin.

Slack. Wings nearly limpid. Halteres whitish. Posterior tarsi
except the tips, knees and tips of tibias tawny.
Not common. (E.)

The following additional species of Chlorops have been re-
corded as British : —

1. gracilis, Meig. 7. cingulata, Meig.

2. brunnicornis, Mcq. 8. circumdata, Meig.

3. confluens, Meig. 9. lateralis, Hal.

4. laeta, Meig. 10. fulvifrons, Hal.

5. fasciata, Meig. 11. elongata, Meig.

6. speciosa, Meig.

230 MUSCIDjE.

Genus V. OSCINIS.

OSCINIS, Mcq. Oscinis p., F. S. A. (1805) ; Latr. ; Fal. ; Zett. Musca
p., F. E. S. ; Gmel. Madiza p., Fal. ; Zett. CJilorops p., Meig.

Corpus sat breve, sublineare. Caput transversum ; vertex planus. Frons
prominens. Facies obliqua. Antenna brevissima ; articulus tertius
subrotundus ; arista nuda. Alee subparvas ; vena prabrachialis costali
juncta. Abdomen subellipticum. Pedes inediocres, postici femoribus
gracilibus tibiisque rectis.

Body rather short, nearly linear. Head transverse; vertex flat.
Front prominent. Face oblique. Antenna very short, not near reach-
ing the epistoma ; third joint nearly round, twice the length of the
second; sixth bare. Wings rather small; costal vein ending at the
tip of the wing; subcostal ending at much beyond one-third of the
length ; radial ending at about three-fourths of the length ; cubital
ending at a little in front of the tip ; prabrachial ending at the tip of
the costal ; pobrachial ending at much beyond half the length ; discal
transverse straight, upright, parted by a little more than its length from
the prsebrachial transverse, and by full twice its length from the border.
Abdomen nearly elliptical. Legs of moderate length. Hind femora
slender. Hind tibia straight.

The characters and habits of this genus much resemble those
of Chlorops. The species may be grouped thus : —
a. Black. Head yellow.
b. Wings grey. Species 1.
b b. Wings limpid. Species 2.
a a. Greenish-black. Species 3 .
a a a. Thorax testaceous, with two brown stripes. Species 4.

1. palposa, Fal. Oscinid. 6. 7 (1820) ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett. Ni-
gra, robusta, nitens, capite antice subtusque antennis genubusque flavis,
alls cinereis sat parvis, halteribus albis. Long. \\ ; alar. 2 lin.

'Black, stout, shining. Head yellow in front and beneath. Antenna
yellow. Wings grey, rather short ; veins black, testaceous at the base.
Halteres white ; knees yellow*

Not common. (E.)

2. cornuta, Fal. Oscinid. 6. 6 (1820) ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett. Ni-
gra, capitejlavo, thorace cinereo-bwittato, alis limpidis, halteribus pedi-
busque flavis. Long. 1 ; alar. 2 lin.

Slack, dull. Head yellow, with a black dot about the ocelli. An-
tennae yellow; fifth and sixth joints black; fifth long; sixth stout.
Thorax with two grey stripes. Wings limpid ; costal vein ending at a
little behind the tip of the wing ; subcostal ending at hardly one-third
of the length ; radial ending at a little beyond two-thirds of the length ;

GEOMYZIDES. 231

cubital ending at a little in front of the tip ; prsebrachial ending at the
tip of the costal ; pobrachial ending at near two-thirds of the length ;
discal transverse straight, nearly upright, parted by more than twice
its length from the prabrachial transverse, and by about thrice its length
from the border. Halteres and legs yellow. Abdomen with four ap-
parent segments ; first very long.
Not common. (E.)

3. maura, Fal. Oscinid. 6. 8 (1820) ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett. Viridi-
nigra, arista halteribusque albis, alls fuscis, pedibus fulvis, tibiis pos-
ticis femoribusque nigris. Long. -|; alar. 1^ lin.

Slack, shining, slightly tinged icith green. 'Sixth joint of the antenna?
and halteres white. Wings brotcn ; costal vein ending at the tip ; sub-
costal ending at about one-third, and radial at about two-thirds of the
length ; cubital ending in front near the tip ; prsebrachial ending at
the tip of the costal ; pobrachial joining the border ; discal transverse
straight, nearly upright, parted by more than its length from the pra3-
brachial transverse, and by about thrice its length from the border.
Legs tawny ; femora and hind tibia3 black.

Common. (E.)

4. brevipennis, Meig. Zw. vi. 159. 49. pi. 61. f. 19, 20 (1830).
Testacea, verticis macula nigra, tJwrace ftisco-bivittato, alis limpidis, ab-
domine nigro macula basali testacea. Long. \\ ; alar. 2 lin.

Testaceous. Head with a black spot about the ocelli. Sixth joint
of the antennae black. Thorax with a brown stripe on each tide. Wings
limpid. Abdomen black, with a testaceous spot at the base.

Not common. (E.)

The following additional species of Oscinis have been recorded
as British : —

1. albiseta, Meig. 5. Frit? L.

2. pratensis, Meig. 6. nigerrima, Mcq.

3. laBvigata, Fal. 7. cincta, Meig.

4. vindicata, Meig. 8. albipalpis, Meig.

SUBFAMILY VIII. GEOMYZIDES.

GEOMYZIDES, Fal. Geom. (1820).

Alarum vena subcostalis et mediastinalis conjunct^ ; radialis apicemfere
attingens ; preebrachialis transversa ab alee basi remota ; areoke pobra-
chialis et analis indistincta vel nulla. Metatarsi postici graciles.
Subcostal and mediastinal veins united ; radial ending at much beyond

three-fourths of the length of the icing ; prcebrachial transverse distant

from the base of the wing ; pobrachial and anal areolets indistinct or none.

Hind metatarsi slender.

232

MUSCIDjE.

The species of tins subfamily are numerous, and of small size ;
they frequent recent or decaying vegetable substances. The ge-
nera here described may be grouped thus : —

f bare. Body bare, more or

^of the usual length.
Arista .

Radial vein«

less

oy
metalli

pubescent. Body pale, with
some bristles ,

1. GYMNOPA.

2. OPOMYZA.

thinly plumose on both sides 3. DIASTATA.

with five or six bristles on

each side . 4. DROSOPHILA.

_very short 5. ASTEIA.

Genus I. GYMNOPA.

GYMNOPA, Fal. Oscinid. (1820); Meig.; Mcq. ; Westw. ; Zett. Syr-
phus p., F. E. S. Eristalis p., F. S. A. Madiza p., Fal. ; Zett.

Corpus parvum, glabrum, nitens, nudum. Caput trans versum, thoracis
latitudine. Fron* plana. Facies tuberculata. Epistoma prominens.
Antennae facie multo breviores; articulus tertius oblongus; arista
gracilis, nuda. Abdomen ovatum vel subellipticum, thorace paullo
longius. Pedes mediocres.

Body smooth, shining, bare. Head transverse, as broad as the tho-
rax. Front flat. Face tuberculated. Epistoma prominent, angular.
Eyes nearly round. Antennae very short, not near reaching the epi-
stoma ; third joint oblong, a little longer than the second ; sixth slen-
der, setiform, bare. Thorax more or less convex. Wings of moderate
size, or rather short. PraBbrachial vein ending at the tip of the costal.
Abdomen oval or nearly elliptical, a little longer than the thorax. Legs
of moderate length and thickness.

The Gymnopa inhabit herbage, and frequently occur on win-
dows.

1. subsultans, F. E. S. iv. 304. 96 (1792); Meig.; Mcq.—
(Enea, Fal. ; Zett. JEnea, antennis nigris, thorace valde convexo, alis
limpidis, halteribus albidis, tarsis posticis fulvis. Long. 1 ; alar. 2 lin.

jffineous. Antennae black. Thorax very convex. Wings limpid ;
costal vein ending on the hind border near the tip of the wing ; sub-
costal ending before one-third of the length; radial ending at much
beyond three-fourths of the length ; cubital ending at the tip ; praebra-
chial ending at the tip of the costal ; pobrachial angular at its junction
with the discal transverse ; discal transverse straight, slightly oblique,
parted by full twice its length from the prsebrachial transverse, and by

nrzi, 233

a little more than its length from the border. Halteres whitish. Ab-
domen broad, slightly convex. Hind tarsi tawny.
Not rare. (E.)

3. glabra, Fal. Oscinid. 9. 3 (1820); Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett. Ni-
gro-viridis, sublinearis, vix convexa, antennis halteribus pedibusque ni-
gris, alis albis, tarsis fulvis. Long. 1-1| ; alar. 2-2£ lin.

Blackish-green, nearly linear, rather slender. Head and thorax sl'ghtly
convex. Antennae black. Thorax minutely punctured. Wings white ;
veins whitish ; costal vein ending on the hind border at a short distance
from the tip ; subcostal ending before one-third of the length ; radial
ending at very near the tip ; cubital ending at the tip ; praebrachial
ending at the tip of the costal ; pobrachial hardly angular at its junc-
tion with the discal transverse ; discal transverse almost straight, slightly
oblique, parted by much more than its length from the praebrachial
transverse and from the border. Halteres black:. Abdomen subf'usi-
form, depressed, a little broader than the thorax. Legs black: tarsi
towards the base and hind tarsi tawny.

Very abundant on windows. (E. S. I.)

Genus II. OPOMYZA.

OPOMYZA, Fal. Opomyz. (1820); Meig.; Westw. ; Mcq.; Zett.
Musca p., F. E. S. ; Schr. ; Gmel. Dacus p., F. S. A. Teplirith
p., F. Geomyza p., Fal. ; Zett.

Corpus sat longum, sublineare. Caput et thorax convexa, subsetosa.

Caput transversum, breve, thoracis latitudine. Antenna breves ; ar-

ticulus tertius rotundus; arista longa, gracilis, pubescens. Thorax

ellipticus. Alae mediocres vel sat angustse, plerumque maculata?.

Abdomen lineare. Pedes mediocres.

Body rather long, nearly linear. Head and thorax convex, beset with
a few bristles. Head transverse, short, as broad as the thorax. Pro-
boscis retracted when at rest. Palpi short. Antenna short ; first and
second joints minute ; third round ; fourth and fifth obsolete ; sixth or
arista long, slender, pubescent. Thorax elliptical. Scutellum rather
large, short- obconical. Wings of moderate length, rather narrow, ge-
nerally spotted ; costal vein ending on the hind border near the tip ;
subcostal ending at one-fourth of the length of the wing; radial ending
at very little in front of the tip ; cubital ending at the tip ; praebrachial
ending at the tip of the costal ; pobrachial straight ; discal transverse
straight, slightly oblique, parted by half its length from the border, and
by more than its length from the prsebrachial transverse. Abdomen
linear, with six or seven segments. Legs of moderate length and thick-
ness.

The Qpomyzrt abound on herbage.

VOL. TI. 2 H

234- MUSCIDJE.

a. Wings moderately broad.

b. Thorax with three stripes. Species 1.

6 b. Thorax not striped. Species 2.
a a. Wings narrow.

b. Thorax testaceous. Species 3.

b b. Thorax ferruginous, partly black. Species 4.

1. germinationis, L. Fn. 1874 (1761); F.; Gmel.; Fal.; Meig.;
Mcq. ; Zett. Fulva, capite flavo subtus albido, antennis luteis, thorace

ferrugineo-trivittato, alis subcinereis fusco variis, abdomine plus minusve
piceo. Long. 1^-2 ; alar. 3-3^ lin.

Tawny. Head yellow, whitish in front and beneath. Antennas
luteous. Thorax with three pale ferruginous stripes. Wings greyish,
of moderate breadth, irregularly clouded with brown along the fore
borders and at the tips ; transverse veins clouded with brown ; discal
transverse vein parted by nearly twice its length from the prasbrachial
transverse. Halteres and legs testaceous. Abdomen with a piceous
dorsal stripe, or with piceous bands, or wholly piceous.

Yery abundant. (E. S. I.)

2. florum, E. E. S. iv. 352. 164 (1792); Meig.; Mcq.; Zett.
Testacea, alis hyalinis subtestaceis fusco-quadrimaculatis. Long. 2 ;
alar. 4 lin.

Testaceous. Wings hyaline, of moderate breadth, with a slight testa-
ceous tinge, clouded with brown at the tips and on the transverse veins,
and with a brown spot on the prsebrachial vein beyond the discal trans-
verse, which is parted by more than its length from the prasbrachial
transverse.

Not rare. (E.)

3. combinata, L. S. N. ii. 997 (1763); F. ; Gmel. ; Fal. ; Meig. ;
Mcq. ; Zett. — germinationis, Schr. — maculata, Schr. Testacea, alis lim-
pidis angustis fusco-trimaculatis, abdomine plus minusve nigro. Long.
H ; alar. 3 lin.

Testaceous. Wings narrow, limpid, with brown tips, an irregular
brown mark on the fore border very near the base ; veins testaceous ;
discal transverse vein clouded with brown, nearly upright, parted by
more than twice its length from the praebrachial transverse, and by a
little less than its length from the border. Abdomen with black bands,
or wholly black except the base.

Abundant. (E. S. I.)

4. tripunctata, Fal. Geomyz. 2. 2 (1820); Meig.; Mcq.; Zett.
Ftrruginea, nigro-varia, capite pedibusque fulvis, alis angustis sub-
cinerascentibus nigro-quadrimaculatis, abdomine nigro. Long. 1£;
alar. 3 lin.

Ferruginous. Head tawny. Thorax varied with black, with a very
slight metallic tinge. Wings hyaline, very slightly greyish, with a

DI AST AT A. 235

large black spot in front of the tip, with a black spot on each of the
transverse veins, and with a black dot on the fore border near the base ;
discal transverse vein nearly upright, parted by more than twice it?
length from the praebrachial transverse, and by less than its lengt'
from the border. Abdomen black. Legs tawny.
Common. (E. S. I.)

The following additional species of Opomyza have been recorded
as British : —

1. marginella, Fal. 4. trcmula, Hal.

2. sabulosa, Hal. 5. asteia, Hal.

3. cinerelln, Hal. 6. grisea, Fal.

Genus III. DIASTATA.

DIASTATA, Meig. Zw. vi. 94 (1830); Mcq. ; Zett. Geomyza p., Fal.

Corpus parvum, sublineare, sat angustum. Caput et thorax convexa,
subsetosa. Caput transversum, breve, thoracis latitudine. Antenna
facie vix breviores ; articulus tertius sublinearis ; arista parce plu-
mosa. Thorax ellipticus. Alai sat angustae. Abdomen thorace
paullo longius. Pedes mediocres.

Body nearly linear, rather narrow. Head and thorax convex, with
a few bristles. Head transverse, short, as broad as the thorax. An-
tenna nearly as long as the face ; first and second joints very short ;
third joint nearly linear ; fourth and fifth obsolete ; sixth long, slender,
setiform, thinly plumose on each side. Thorax elliptical. Scutellum
small, obconical. Wings moderately long and narrow ; costal vein end-
ing on the hind border near the tip of the wing ; subcostal ending at a
little beyond one-fourth of the length ; radial ending at some little dis-
tance in front of the tip ; cubital ending at the tip ; prasbrachial ending
at the tip of the costal ; discal transverse parted by thrice its length
from the prasbrachial transverse, and by more than its length from the
border. Abdomen with six or seven segments, longer and a little nar-
rower than the thorax. Legs of moderate length and thickness.

The Diastata inhabit woods.
a. Thorax not striped. Species 1.
a a. Thorax with three stripes. Species 2.

1. obscurella, Fal. Geomyz. 4. 6 (1820); Meig.; Mcq.; Zett.
Picea, capite antennisque luteis, alis subcinereis basi fuscis, halteribus
testaceis, pedibus fulvis. Long. If ; alar. 3 lin.

Piceous. Head luteous, whitish in front and beneath. Proboscis
and palpi yellow. Antennas luteous. Wings greyish, brown in front
near the base ; veins black. Halteres pale testaceous. Legs tawny.

Not common ; frequents damp and shady woods. (E.)

236 MUSCIDJE.

2. Punctnm, Meig. Zw. vi. 98. 10 (1830); Mcq. ; Zett. Cana,
capite flavo, antennis nigris basi fulvis, Ihorace piceo-trivitt&to, alis cine-
reis fusco-variis, halteribus pedibusque testaceis, abdomine piceo disco
fulvo. Long. 1 ; alar. 2£ lin.

Hoary. Head yellow, whitish in front, beneath, and behind ; vertex
grey. Antenna black ; first and second joints tawny. Thorax with
three piceous stripes. Wings brown in front, more slightly so at the
tips, grey along the hind borders, almost limpid in the discs ; veins
black ; subcostal vein hardly one-fourth the length of the wing ; discal
transverse parted by nearly twice its length from the border. Halteres
and legs testaceous. Abdomen piceous ; disc tawny towards the base.

Not common. (E.)

The following additional species of Dlastata have been recorded
as British : —

1. fulvifrons, Hal. 2. obscuripennis, Meig.

Genus IV. DROSOPHILA.

DROSOPHILA, Eal. Geomyz. (1820); Meig.; Mcq.; Westw. ; Zett.
Musca p., F. ; Gmel. ; Pz. Oiuopota, Kby.

Corpus parvurn, breve. Caput et thorax convexa, subsetosa. Gaput

transversum, breve, thoracis latitudine. Ardennes facie breviores;

articulus tertius sublinearis ; arista setis lateralibus quinque vel sex.

Thorax ellipticus. Alse mediocres. Abdomen thorace vix longius.

Body small, short. Head and thorax convex, with a few bristles.
Head transverse, short, as broad as the thorax. Antenna shorter than
the face ; first joint very short ; second rather short ; third rather long,
nearly linear, oblique at the tip; arista long, slender, setiform, with
Jive or six hairs on each side. Thorax elliptical. Scutellum obconical.
Wings moderately long and broad; costal vein ending on the hind
border at a short distance from the tip ; subcostal ending at about one-
fifth of the length; radial ending at about four-fifths of the length;
cubital ending at the tip of the wing ; preebrachial ending at the tip of
the costal ; discal transverse straight, upright, or slightly oblique, parted
by nearly thrice its length from the preebrachial transverse, and by
hardly less than its length from the border. Abdomen with seven seg-
ments, hardly longer and broader than the thorax. Legs of moderate
length and thickness. Male. Abdomen linear. Fern. Abdomen ellip-
tical or fusiform.

The larvae of Drosophila feed on plants, Boleti, oak-apples, and
other substances. Mr. Hardy remarks that all the small species
of Drosopliila are dark (D. gramwmm), and are found upon the
Caryophyllea, while the larger kinds only frequent Cruet/era.

DKOSOI'IIILA. 237

a. Wings moderately broad.

b. Body ferruginous. Species 1.
b b. Body testaceous.

c. Transverse veins clouded with brown. Species 3.

c c. Transverse veins not clouded with brown. Species 4.
a a. Wings narrow.

b. Body tawny. Species 2.
b b. Body hoary.

c. Thorax striped. Species 5, 6.

c c. Thorax not striped. Species 7.

1. cellaris, L. Fn. 1848 (1761); F. ; Gmel. ; Mcq. Ferruginea,
alls subcinereis, halteribus pedibusque testaceis, abdomine plus minusve
piceo. Long. 1£; alar. 3^ lin.

Ferruginous. Wings slightly greyish, moderately broad ; veins black,
tawny towards the base ; discal transverse upright. Halteres and legs
testaceous. Abdomen with piceous bands or wholly piceous above.

Abundant; feeds on Boleti and on oak-apples^ in the larva
state, also on the matter adhering to casks of wine or of beer.
(E.S.I.)

2. funebris, F. E. S. iv. 323. 48 (1792); Gmel.; Fal. ; Meig.;
Zett. — erythrophthalma, Pz. Fulva, alls subtestaceis sat angmtis, hal-
teribus pedibusque testaceis, abdornine piceo. Long. 1^; alar. 2|- lin.

Tawny, slender. Wings rather narrow, with a very slight testaceous
tinge; veins testaceous; discal transverse upright, parted by nearly
thrice its length from the praebrachial transverse, and by much more
than its length from the border. Halteres and legs testaceous. Ab-
domen piceous, tawny at the base; of the female fusiform.

Common. (E.)

3. transversa, Fal. Geomyz. 6. 5 (1820); Meig.; Mcq.; Zett.
— -phalerata, Meig. ; Mcq, Testacea, alis subtestaceis sat latis, venis
transversis infuscatis, halteribus pedibusque testaceis, abdomine fasciis
interrupts fuscis. Long. 1-li; alar. 2^-3 lin.

Testaceous. Wings moderately broad, with a testaceous tinge ; veins
testaceous ; cubital and pra3brachial veins hardly diverging between the
transverse veins, which are clouded with brown ; discal transverse vein
slightly oblique, parted by twice its length from the praBbrachial trans-
verse, and by nearly its length from the border. Halteres and legs
pale testaceous. Abdominal segments with brown bands, which are
interrupted on the disc. Fern. Abdomen elliptical.

Common. (E. S. I.)

4. fenestramm, Fal. Geomyz. 6. 4 (1820) ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett.
— viryinea, Mcio;. ; Zett. D. S. — melanogaster, Meig. Testacea, alis
subtestaceis sat latis, halteribus albidis ; Mas, abdomine nigro ; Fcem.
abdomine piceo-fasciato. Long. 1 ; alar. 2| lin.

238 MUSCID^E.

Testaceous. Wings moderately broad, with a slight testaceous tinge ;
veins testaceous; discal transverse slightly oblique, parted by much
more than twice its length from the prsebrachial transverse, and by
much more than its length from the border. Halteres whitish. Legs
pale testaceous. Male. Abdomen black. Fern. Abdomen elliptical ;
segments with piceous bands.

Common. (E. S. I.)

The two following species belong to the genus Scaptomyza of
Hardy, who characterizes it thus : — " Body elongate, rather nar-
row. Head subtriangulate, moderately transverse behind ; sides
obliquely sloped, so as to straiten it anteriorly, which contraction
slightly affects the fore part of the frontal band ; front sparingly
bristly; face somewhat slanted, keel moderate; bristles of the
peristoma rather scant and short ; eyes suboval, finely pubescent ;
proboscis dilated at the tip. Palpi rather narrow, ovate, or sub-
elliptical. Antennae with the third joint parallelograrnrnic, its
tip rounded (Ungulate). Arista with a few long hairs, mostly on
the upper side. Thorax somewhat longer than broad, subparal-
lelogrammic, faintly glossy, the colouring striped. Wings nearly
as in Drosophila, but not so broad. Abdomen subconical, rather
long and narrow ; its tip in the female slightly compressed, ob-
lique, with shining serrated plates beneath. Larva living as a
miner on the parenchyma of leaves." — Hardy, Proceedings of the
Berwickshire Naturalists3 Club, 361, 1849.

5. graminum, Fal. Geomyz. 8. 11 (1820); Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett.
— Cana, capite antico, antennis, halteribus pedibusque testaceis, tJwrace

fusco-trivittato, alls vix subcinereis anyustis, abdomine piceo. Long. 1 ;
alar. 2i lin.

Hoary, slender. Head testaceous in front and beneath. Antennas
testaceous. Thorax with three brown stripes. Wings hardly tinged
with grey, rather narrow ; veins tawny ; discal transverse vein upright,
parted by full thrice its length from the prsebrachial transverse, and by
much more than its length from the border. Halteres and legs testa-
ceous. Abdomen piceous ; of the female fusiform.

" The larva is subcutaneous in the leaves of the common chick-
weed (Stellaria media], of the corn-cockle (Lychnis Githago], of
L/itnopodium album, and of Viscaria oculata and Silene Armeria
in gardens. Its operations are marked by a large shapeless blotch,
with smaller winding galleries conducting to it." — Hardy.

Common. (E. S. I.)

6. apicalis, Hardy, Proc. Berw. Nat. Club, 362. 2(1849). Flava,
puucto verticis arista anoque nigris, thorace subferrugineo albo vix
micante, linea longitudinal! marginibusque lateralibus ferrugineis, alis

ASTEIA. 239

hyalinis venis flavis, tarsorum apicibus vix fuscescentibus ; Mas, meta-
thorace subcinereo. Var. Thoracis dorso cinereo, lineis tribus longi-
tudinalibus fuscis, scutello cinereo flavo-limbato, abdomine superne
fusco. Long. 1-li; alar. 3 lin.

Yellow. Dot on the vertex, arista and tip of the abdomen Hack.
Thorax slightly ferruginous, indistinctly shining with white toraentum ;
longitudinal stripe arid sides ferruginous. Wings hyaline ; veins yel-
low. Tips of the tarsi very slightly brownish. Male. Metathorax
nearly cinereous. Var. Dorsum of the thorax cinereous, with three
longitudinal brown stripes ; scutellum cinereous, bordered with yellow.
Abdomen brown above.

"The larva mines the leaves of the turnip and the pea; and
on the sea-coast it is found as late as the end of October in those
of the common scurvy-grass (Cochlearia officinalis), and in the
lady's-fingers (Anthyllis Vutneraria}. It mines sometimes in
companies of four or five; but in a small leaf many of these
desert the seat of the original colony, and commence a separate
establishment. The pupa is brown, darker at the tips and across
the lines of the segments, rather narrow, elongate-oval, finely
striated transversely, convex above, tess so beneath." — Hardy.

Common. (S.)

7. gracilis, n. Cana, gracillima, capite luteo, antennis fulvis,
alis limpidis angustis, halteribus pedibusque testaceis, abdomine piceo.
Long. ] i ; alar. 2-| lin.

Hoary, very slender. Head luteous, testaceous beneath. AntennaB
tawny. Wings limpid, rather long and narrow ; veins testaceous ; dis-
cal transverse vein slightly oblique, parted by about twice its length
from the prasbrachial transverse, and by nearly its length from the
border. Halteres and legs testaceous. Abdomen piceous, much lon-
ger than the thorax.

Not common. (E.)

The following additional species of Drosophila have been re-
corded as British : —

1. ingrata, Hal. 4. tristis, Fal.

2. cameraria, Curt. 5. littoralis, Meig.

3. transversa, Fal. 6. flava, Fal.

Genus V. ASTEIA.

ASTEIA, Meig. Zw. vi. 88 (1830); Mcq. ; Westw. ; Zett.

Corpus gracile, nitens, fere nudum. Caput et thorax convexa. Caput
transversum, thorace paullo latius. Antennae brevissimas ; articulus

240

tertius subrotundus ; arista trisetosa. Thorax ellipticus. Alee Ion-
gee, vena discali transversa nulla. Abdomen thorace paullo longius
et angustius. Pedes graciles.

Body slender, shining, almost bare. Head and thorax convex.
Head transverse, a little broader than the thorax. Front broad. Face
vertical. Eyes nearly round. Antennae very short ; first and second
joints very small ; third nearly round ; arista setiform, very slender,
with three hairs on the upper side. Thorax elliptical. Wrings long,
moderately broad ; costal vein ending at very little behind the tip of
the wing ; subcostal ending at about one-fourth of the length ; radial
ending at hardly one-fourth of the length ; cubital ending at the tip ;
prsebrachial very slightly curved upward, ending at the tip of the
costal ; prsebrachial transverse very near the base of the wing ; no dis-
cal transverse vein. Abdomen nearly linear, a little longer and nar-
rower than the thorax. Legs slender.

These insects dwell among herbage ; they are very small, and
of feeble structure and flight.

1. amoena, Meig. Zw. vi. 89. 1 (1830); Mcq. ; Zett. Nigra, ca-
pite antico, thoracis lateribus scutello pectoreque pallide flavis, antennis,
halteribus pedibusque flavis, alis limpidis, abdomine fulvo nigro-vario.
Long, f-1 ; alar. 2|~2i lin.

Black. Head in front and beneath, sides of the thorax, scutellum,
and pectus pale-yellow. Antenna?, halteres, and legs yellow. Wings
limpid: veins pale testaceous. Abdomen tawny, more or less black
above.

Common ; may be frequently found on windows and in hay-
stacks. (E.S.I.)

Asteia concmna, Meig., and the following additional genera and
species have been recorded as British : —

LEUCOPIS, Neig. LEPTOMYZA, Mcq. TETHNIA, Hal.

1. puncticornis, Meig. 1. gracilis, Fal. 1. illota, Hal.

2. obscura, Hal.

SUBFAMILY 9. PHYTOMYZIDES.

Alarum vena subcostalis et mediastinalis conjunct^ ; radialis apicemfere
attingens ; discalis transversa ab margine remota ; areolce pobrachialis
et analis distinctae, longa. Metatarsi postici graciles.
Subcostal and mediastinal veins united ; radial ending at much beyond

three-fourths of the length of the wing ; discal transverse parted by full

twice its length from the border ; pobrachial and anal areolets distinct,

long. Hind metatarsi slender.

The species of this subfamily are very numerous, and are all

of very small size ; their larvae undermine and feed on the leaves

AGROMYZA.

241

of many kinds of trees and herbs, which are discoloured by their
ravages. Mr. Hardy and M. Goureau have investigated the ha-
bits of several species, which are here mentioned, with the plants
which they infest : —
Agromyza Macquarti, Goureau, feeds on Verbascum Thapsus.

„ Ira?os, Desv. ,

„ Medicaginis, Desv.

„ maura, Meig.

„ pusilla, Meig.
Phytomyza Aquifolii, Goureau,

,, Lonicera?, Desv.

„ Primulae, Desv.

,, Aquilegia?, Desv.

„ Thapsi, Desv.

„ Xylostei, Desv.

„ Lappa?, Goureau,

„ Sonchi, Desv.

„ Sphondylii, Desv.

,, Ranunculi, Desv.

,, Scolopendri, Desv.

,, geniculata, Mcq.

lateralis, Fal.
Plantaginis, Desv.

Discal transverse vein

beyond the prsebrachial transverse . .
in a line with the preebrachial transverse,

Iris Pseudacorus.

Medicago sativa.

Crepis biennis.

Euphorbia Cyparissiat.

Ilex Aquifolium.

Lonicera.

Primula grandiflora.

Aquilegia vulgaris.

J^erbascum Thapsus.

Lonicera Xylosteum.

Arctium Lappa.

Sonchus oleraceus.

Heracleum Sphondylium.

Ranunculus acris.

Scolopendrium.

Tropteolum capucinum, Pisum
sativum, Crambe maritima,
Papaver orientale, Matrica-
ria officinalis, Cheirantkus
Cheiri, etc.

Sonchus oleraceus and Leucan-
themum ChrysantJtemum.

Plantago lanceolata.

\. AGROMYZA.

or none

2. PHYTOMYZA.

Genus I. AGROMYZA.

AGROMYZA, Fal. Agromyz. (1823) ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Westw. ; Zett.

Corpus parvum aut minimum, convexum, breve, subsetosum. Antenna?

breves ; articulus tertius rotund us ; arista setiformis, gracilis, nuda.

Thorax subellipticus. Ala mediocres ; vena discalis transversa pra-

brachiali transversa disjuncta. Abdomen plerumque breve. Pedes

graciles ; ungues et onychia minima.

Body small or very minute, convex, short, thinly beset with bristles.
Head generally narrower than the thorax. Eyes rather small, or of
moderate size. Antenna? short ; first and second joints very small ;

VOL. II. 2 t

242 MUSCID.E.

third round ; fourth and fifth obsolete ; sixth setiform, slender, bare,
seated on the third. Thorax nearly elliptical. Wings moderately long ;
costal vein ending near or at the tip of the wing ; subcostal ending at
about one-third of the length ; radial ending at five-sixths of the length
or beyond ; cubital ending at the tip of the costal ; prrebrachial ending
at the tip, or on the hind border near the tip ; pobrachial complete ;
disced transverse straight, slightly oblique, beyond the prcebrachial trans-
verse. Abdomen with six distinct segments. Legs of moderate length,
generally slender. Ungues and onychia very small.
a. Discal transverse vein parted by very little more than its length from

the prsebrachial transverse, and by nearly twice its length from the

border.

b. Head wholly black. Species 1.

I b. Head ferruginous in front. Species 2.

b b b. Head yellow. Species 3.
a a. Discal transverse vein parted by a little more than its length from

the prsebrachial transverse, and by about four times its length from

the border.

b. Legs black.

c. Scutellum yellow. Species 4.
c c. Scutellum black. Species 6.

b b. Legs yellow. Species 5.
a a a. Discal transverse vein parted by more than its length from the

praBbrachial transverse, and by more than twice its length from the

border. Species 7.

1. nigripes, Meig. Zw. vi. 170. 7 (1830); Mcq. ; Zett.-— var.
reptans var. d. ambigua, Fal. — ambigua, Zett. I. L. Nigra, oculis rufis,
alls subcinereo'hyalinis, venis nigris, halteribus albis. Long. 1-li ;
alar. 2|-3 lin.

Black, slightly shining. Eyes red. Wings slightly greyish-hyaline ;
veins black ; costal vein ending at the tip of the wing ; praebrachial
ending on the hind border near the tip. Halteres white. Abdomen
very little longer and narrower than the thorax. Legs rather slender.

Common. (E.)

2. latipes, Meig. Zw. vi. 177. 34 (1830); Zett. Nigro-cinerea,
capite atro-bivittato antice fermgineo, antennis piceis, thorace quadri-
subcarinato, alis albis, tibiis tarsisque flavo-cinctis, maris tibiis posticis
dilatatis. Long. -| ; alar. 1^ lin.

Greyish-black. Front with two deep black stripes, ferruginous towards
the face. Antennae piceous. Thorax with four slight ridges. Wings
white ; veins and halteres whitish. Abdomen elliptical, a little longer
than the thorax. Legs black ; a yellow band on each of the anterior
tibiae ; first and second joints of the tarsi yellow at the base. Male.
Hind tibiae dilated. Fern. Hind tibia? with a yellow band.

Local, or occasionally abundant. (E.)

AGROMYZA. 243

3. ornata, Meig. Zw. vi. 176. 29 (1830). Laete flava, oculis ru-
bris, capite pedibusque pallide flavis thoracis disco atro, alls limpidis,
abdomine flavesceute fulvo e maculis nigris trivittato. Long. li ; alar.
2£ lin.

Bright-yellow. Head pale-yellow. Eyes bright-red. Thorax above,
except the scutellum, and disc of the pectus deep-black. Wings lim-
pid ; veins black ; costal vein ending at the tip of the wing ; praebra-
chial ending on the hind border at some distance from the tip. Ab-
domen yellowish-tawny, with three rows of black spots. Legs pale-
yellow.

Not rare. The larva occurs on the leaves of different species
of Cratagus, where it preys on Alcyrodes Phillyrea, Hal.

4. flaveola, Fal. Agromyz. 6. 11 (1823) : Meig. ; Zett. — variegata,
Meig. Nigra, capite luteo-flavo postice nigro, antennis flavis, thoracis
lateribus scutelloque pallide flavis, alis sublimpidis, halteribus albidis,
abdomine sordide flavo, fasciis abbreviatis apiceque nigris, tibiis basi
genubusque flavis. Long. J-l ; alar. 2-2£ lin.

Black. Head luteous-yellow, black behind. Antennae yellow. Scu-
tellum and sides of the thorax pale-yellow. Wings hyaline, nearly
limpid, very iridescent ; veins black ; costal vein ending at a little in
front of the tip of the wing ; praebrachial ending at the tip. Halteres
whitish. Abdomen dingy-yellow ; a stripe of short bands and tip
black. Legs black, slender ; knees and tibiae at the base yellow.

Common. (E. S. I.)

5. pusilla, Meig. Zw. vi. 185. 68 (1830). Nigra, capite tho-
racisque lateribus pallide flavis, antennis luteo-flavis, scutello albido,
alis limpidis, abdominis suturis ventreque flavescentibus, pedibus flavis,
tibiis posterioribus tarsisque piceis. Long. %— | ; alar. 1-1^- lin.

Black. Head pale-yellow, black behind. Antennae luteous-yellow ;
arista black. Sides of the thorax pale-yellow. Scutellum whitish.
Wings limpid ; veins black ; costal vein ending at a little in front of
the tip of the wing ; praebrachial ending at the tip. Halteres whitish.
Abdomen elongate-oval ; hind borders of the segments and underside
yellowish. Legs yellow ; tarsi and posterior tibiae piceous.

Common. (E. S. I.)

6. exigua, Meig. Zw. vi. 184. 68 (1830) ; Zett. Nigra, capite
antico thoracisque lateribus pallide flavis, alis limpidis, halteribus albidis.
Long. ± ; alar. 1 lin.

Black. Head in front and sides of the thorax pale-yellow. An-
tennae black. Wings limpid ; veins black ; costal vein ending at a
little in front of the tip of the wing ; praebrachial ending at the tip.
Halteres whitish. Legs black.

Common. (E. S. I.)

7. denticomis, Pz. Fn. 104.22; Meig. (1830); Mcq.; Zett.—

244 MUSCID2E.

Meigenii, Fal. Nigra, sat longa, capite antennisque basi luteis, tho-
racis lateribus flavis, alis subcinerascentibus, halteribus pallide flavia,
pedibus piceis, femoribus flavis, tibiis antice fulvis. Long, f-l£; alar.
li-2i lin.

Black, shining, rather long and slender, nearly linear. Head luteous,
black behind, pale-yellow beneath. Antennae black ; first and second
joints luteous ; third conical, terminated by a short spine. Thorax
elliptical ; sides yellow. Wings slightly greyish-hyaline ; veins black,
yellow towards the base ; cubital vein ending at a little in front of
the tip of the wing ; prsebrachial ending at very little behind the tip.
Halteres pale-yellow. Abdomen fusiform. Legs piceous, rather long ;
femora yellow ; fore tibias tawny.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.) Macquart has given this
species the generic name of Odontocera, on account of the spine
on the third joint of the antennae.

Genus II. PHYTOMYZA.

PHYTOMYZA, Fal. Phytomyz. (1823); Meig. ; Mcq. ; Westw.; Zett.

Corpus angustum, parvum vel minimum. Caput et thorax convexa,
subsetosa. Caput thoracis latitudine. Antennae breves; articulus
tertius rotundus vel oblongus ; arista nuda aut pubescens. Thorax
ellipticus. AlcK sat longsc ; vena discalis transversa disco valde re-
mota prabrachiali transversa conjuncta, vel nulla. Pedes graciles.
Body small or very minute, rather slender, nearly linear, with a few
bristles. Head and thorax convex. Head as broad as the thorax.
Antennas short ; first and second joints very minute ; third round or
oblong, arista slender, setiform, bare or pubescent. Thorax elliptical.
Wings rather long ; costal vein ending on the fore border at some dis-
tance from the tip of the wing ; subcostal ending at a little beyond
one-third of the length ; radial ending at a little before two-thirds of
the length ; cubital ending at the tip of the costal ; pirebrachial and
pobrachial straight, very slight, occasionally indistinct ; prsebrachial
ending at the tip or at a little behind it ; prcebrachial transverse in a
line with tlie discal transverse, and parted by more than six times its length
from the border, or none. Abdomen a little narrower than the thorax,
with distinct segments. Legs of moderate length. Male. Abdomen
linear, as long as the thorax. Fern. Abdomen fusiform, or attenuated
towards the tip, a little longer than the thorax.

a. Praebrachial transverse vein in a line with the discal transverse.

Species 1.
a a. No prabrachial transverse vein.

b. Body black, or greyish-black.

PHYTOMYZA. 245

c. Front black.
d. Wings greyish.

e. Body black. Species 2.
e e. Body greyish-black. Species 3, 4.
d d. Wings white. Species 5.
c c. Front pale. Species 6.

d. Legs black ; femora yellowish. Species 7.
d d. Legs yellow. Species 8.
b b. Body pale.

c. Thorax with three grey stripes. Species 9.

c c. Thorax without stripes. Species 10.

c c c. Thorax with three luteous stripes. Species 11.

1. lateralis, Fal. Phytomyz. 3. 2 (1820); Meig.; Mcq.; Zett.—
Sonchi, Desv. Nigro-cinerea, capite, thoracis vittis lateralibus, halteri-
bus, abdominis suturis, genubusque flavis, vertice nigro, alis sublim-
pidis. Long. 1£ ; alar- 3 lin.

Greyish-black. Head yellow in front, pale-yellow beneath, and with
two pale-yellow stripes on the vertex; triangle of the ocelli black.
Antennae deep-black. Thorax and abdomen with a slender yellow
stripe on each side. Wings nearly limpid ; veins black, yellow towards
the base ; praebrachial vein ending at very little behind the tip of the
wing. Halteres pale-yellow. Hind borders of the abdominal segments
yellow, especially towards the tip. Legs black; knees yellow. Fern.
Abdomen subfusiform.

Common. (E. S. I.)

2. Aquifolii, Goureau, MSS. ; Desv. Rev. et Mag. Zool. 1851
(1851). Nigra, setosa, alis cinereis, halteribus flavis, genubus albidis.
Long. 1 ; alar. 2£ lin.

Black, bristly. Wings grey ; veins black, yellow at the base ; cubi-
tal vein ending much nearer to the tip of the wing than to the tip of
the radial ; prsebrachial vein ending at a little behind the tip. Halteres
pale-yellow. Abdomen rather haiiy. Legs black ; knees dingy-white.

Common; appears ifi May. The larva undermines and feeds
on holly leaves. (E. S. I.)

3. obscurella, Fal. Phytomyz. 4. 8 (1820); Meig.; Mcq.; Zett.
Nigro-cinerea, gracilis, alis subcinereis, halteribus albo-flavescentibus ;
Fcem. abdomine subfusiformi. Long. J— 1 ; alar. 2-2| lin.

Greyish-black, slightly bristly. Antennae black ; third joint round.
Wings greyish ; veins black ; cubital vein ending as near to the radial as
to the tip of the winy ; praebrachial ending on the hind border very
near the tip. Halteres yellowish-white. Legs black. Fern. Abdomen
subfusiform.

Abundant in the spring. (E. S. I.)

4. nigra? Meig. Z\v. vi. 191. 7 (1830). Nigro-cinerea, vim gra-

246 MUSC1D.E.

cilia, alis subcinereis, halteribus albo-flavescentibus ; Fcem. abdomine
ovato. Long. £-1 ; alar. 2-2|- lin.

Greyish -black, shorter and broader than P. obscurella, slightly bristly.
Antennae black ; third joint round. Wings greyish ; veins black ; cubi-
tal vein ending nearer to tJie radial than to the lip of the wing ; prsebra-
chial ending on the hind border very near the tip. Halteres yellowish-
white. Legs black ; knees whitish. Fern. Abdomen oval.

Common. (E. S. I.)

5. albipennis, Fal. Phytomyz. 4. 9 (1820); Meig.; Mcq.; Zett.
Nigro-cinerea, alis halteribusque albis. Long. 1£ ; alar. 2f lin.

Greyish-black. Antennae black; third joint round. Eyes red.
Wings white ; fore veins black, yellow towards the base ; prsebrachial
and pobrachial white, very indistinct. Halteres white. Legs black.
Fern. Abdomen elongate-obconical.

Not common. (E.)

6. affinis, Fal. Phytomyz. 3. 3 (1820) ; Zett. Nigro-cinerea, ca-
pite fulvo, alis sublimpidis, halteribus albidis, abdominis suturis ven-
treque flavescentibus, genubus flavis. Long, f ; alar, li lin.

Greyish-black. Head tawny. Antennae black. Eyes red. Wings
nearly limpid ; veins blackish, yellow towards the base ; cubital vein
ending at an equal distance between the radial and the tip of the wing ;
praebrachial ending at hardly behind the tip. Halteres whitish. Ab-
domen yellowish on the underside and along the hind borders of the
segments. Legs black ; knees yellow.

Common. (E. S. I.)

7. notata, Meig. Zw. vi. 193. 16 (1830) ; Mcq. Cinerea, capite,
antennis basi, thoracis lateribus, scutello, abdominis lateribus suturisque
flavis, alis limpidis, femoribus flavescentibus. Long. 1-1 i ; alar. 2^-
3 lin.

Grey. Head, sides of the thorax, and scutellum pale-yellow. Tri-
angle of the ocelli and hind part of the head black. Antennae black,
yellow at the base. Wings limpid ; veins blackish, yellow towards the
base ; cubital vein ending nearer to the radial than to the tip of the
wing ; praebrachial ending very little behind the tip. Halteres whitish.
Abdomen yellow along each side and on the hind borders of the seg-
ments. Legs black ; femora and knees yellowish.

Common. (E. S. I.)

8. rufipes, Meig. Zw. vi. 192. 13 (1830). Nigro-cinerea, capite
antennisque luteis, thoracis lateribus flavo-vittatis, alis limpidis, halteri-
bus albidis, abdominis marginibus posticis pedibusque flavis. Long.
H ; alar. 3 lin.

Greyish-black. Head luteous ; triangle of the ocelli and hind part
black. Antennae luteous. Thorax with a pale yellow stripe on each
side. Wings limpid ; veins blackish, yellow towards the base ; cubital
vein ending at an equal distance between the radial and the tip of the

HYDROMYZIDES. '241

wing ; praebrachial ending at a little behind the tip. Halteres whitish.
Hind borders of the abdominal segments yellow. Legs yellow ; tips of
the tarsi brown. Fern. Abdomen elongate-obconical ; tip yellow.
Not common. (E.)

9. terminalis, Meig. Zw. vi. 195. 24 (1830) ; Mcq. Flava, an-
tennis nigris basi flavis, thorace cinereo-trivittato, alis limpidis, halteri-
bus albidis, metathorace abdominisque apice nigris. Long. 1-H; alar.
2-2f lin.

Yellow. Triangle of the ocelli and hind part of the head black.
Antennae black, yellow at the base. Thorax with three broad grey
stripes. Metathorax black. Wings limpid; veins yellow; cubital
vein ending much nearer to the radial than to the tip of the wing ;
prsebrachial ending at very little behind the tip. Halteres whitish.
Tarsi brown. Fern. Abdomen elongate-obconical ; tip black.

Common. (E. S. I.)

10. flava, Fal. Phytomyz. 3. 5 (1820); Meig.; Mcq.; Zett. Lu-
teo-flava, antennis nigris basi flavis, metathorace fulvo, alis limpidis
halteribus albidis, abdomine nonnunquam fasciis fuscescentibus. Long.
H-H ; alar. 2i-2f lin.

Luteous-yellow. Triangle of the ocelli and hind part of the head
blackish. Eyes red. Antennas black, yellow at the base. Scutellum
pale-yellow. Metathorax tawny. Wings limpid ; veins yellow ; cubi-
tal vein ending much nearer to the radial than to the tip of the wing ;
pra3brachial ending at hardly behind the tip. Halteres whitish. Ab-
domen occasionally with brownish bands. Legs yellow. Fern. Abdo-
men elongate-obconical.

Common. (E. S. I.)

11. populicola, Hal. MSS. Flava, thorace luteo-tiivittato, meta-
thorace nigro, alis limpidis, halteribus albidis ; Fcem. abdominis apice
iiigro. Long. |~1 ; alar. 2-2^ lin.

Pale-yellow. Triangle of the ocelli and hind part of the head deep-
black. Eyes black. Thorax with three very broad almost united pale
luteous stripes, which occupy nearly the whole of the disc. Metathorax
black. Wings limpid ; veins yellow ; cubital vein ending nearer to the
radial than to the tip of the wing ; prabrachial ending at hardly be-
hind the tip of the wing. Halteres whitish. Legs yellow. Fern. Ab-
domen subfusiform ; tip black.

Bare. (I.)

SUBFAMILY 10. HYDROMYZIDES.

HYDROMYZIDES, Hal.; Westw. Class. (1840). Hydromyzida, Fal.; Zett.

Fades convexa, dbsqiie foveolis membranaceis. Peristoma rotundatum.
Mentum breve incrassatum. Antennse breves, articulo primo incon-

248

spicuo. Arista quasi exarticulata, non nisi dorso pectinata. Alulae
auricula interfere quasi nulla*. Vena mediastina cum subcostali con-
nata, ala3 trientem longitudinem vix pertingens. Areolce pobrachialis
et analis perparvae, modo non semper incomplete^. Oviductus foeminse
plane reconditus^:. Tibia3 anticse et posticse setis lateralibus ex-
pertes.

Face convex, without membranaceous furrows. Peristoma round.
Mentum short, thick. Antennae short ; first joint indistinct ; fourth and
fifth obsolete ; sixth never pectinated beneath. Subcostal and medias-
tinal veins united, hardly extending to one-third of the length of the
wing. Pobrachial and anal areolets very minute, if not always incom-
plete. AlulaB with the lower valve obsolete. Pore and hind tibia3
without lateral bristles. Fern. Oviduct concealed.

" None of this, except the singularly-formed Musca mantis of
De Geer, had been described before the appearance of Fallen's
essay in the ' Stockholm Transactions' for the year 1813, in which
the tribe first assumed a distinct character and definite limits.
The author has here described nineteen genuine species, and cha-
racterized most of the genera ultimately admitted. The Dolicho-
pidae were included in this tribe in the first sketch of his arrange-
ment of Diptera, published three years before. Latreille adds to
the tribe the exotic genus Eopalomera, and excludes from it the
type of Fallen's genus Hydromyza, Musca livens of Fabricius, re-
ferred to the Cordylurte in accordance with Meigen's arrangement.
E. Desvoidy has also placed with his Hvdrettidea a group of
Cordylura less aberrant (than C. livens) from the ordinary cha-
racter; the type of his genus Nupharia being the C.fraterna of
Meigen. Macquart, remanding Hydromyza and Nupharia to their
proper place among the Cordylura, has further limited the Hydro-
myzida, by rejecting all the species which have not the arista
pectinate. These he has placed in his family Piopkilida, in con-
junction with many genera of diversified character and remote
affinity.

"The tribe, as described by Fallen in his 'Diptera Suecise/
where he removes Hydromyza to the Scatowyzidtz, and rejects the
addition of Ropalomera, is one of the most remote from the Ca-
lyptrate section, and can scarcely be confounded with any other

* A little more apparent in Ochthera.

f For an exception see Ephydra nasica. The imperfection of the same areolets
is a character of the Oscinida also; but in that tribe they become incomplete after
attaining their full development in the Loxocerida. This appears as well from the
indication of their limit in the thickening of the veins and the corresponding divari-
cation of the radial and cubital veins, as from the analogy of the last-named tribe.

\ There is a slight exception in the subgenera Glenanthe and Teichomyza.

OCHTHERA.

249

group, unless it be with certain species of the Geomyzida, which
appear to offer the nearest affinity. Nevertheless from these the
Hydromyzida may be distinguished either by the form of the head
and mouth, the characteristic imperfection of the areolets of the
wing, or the total concealment of the ovipositor. The greater
number frequent the neighbourhood of waters, a destination indi-
cated by the satiny lustre of the minute scales which clothe the
face and sides. Ephydra riparia, the feet of which are formed
peculiarly for resting on the surface of pools, is here regarded as
the type of the group. The larvse of most Ephydra live among
the semi-fluid green matter which mantles on the surface of stag-
nant waters, or in the mud at the bottom. Desvoidy assumes
that the other genera of the tribe, in their larva state, are nourished
by the living tissue of phanerogamous plants ; but this view rests
on conjecture, and a solitary fact observed regarding a species of
Notiphila. The form and homogeneous texture of the face in-
dicates but little sensibility to smells, from whence we may pro-
bably conclude that the larvae are not eminently saprophagous." —
Haliday.

SYNOPSIS OF THE GENERA,
/'oval, incrassated 1. OCHTHERA.

Fore femora

f densely pilose 3. HYDEELLIA.

.like the pos- \

terior. Eyes j bare, or with scattered f unguiculate 2. NOTIPHILA.
C hairs. Second joint- <

of the antennae . (. not ungui-
culate . 4. EPHYDRA.

Genus I. OCHTHERA.

OCHTHERA, Latr. H. N. xiv. 321 (1814 ?) ; Pal.; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Desv.;
Hal. ; Zett. Musca p., D. G. ; F. Tephritis p., F.

Corpus vix nisi nudum. Caput subtus attenuatum, subtrigonum.

Vertex impressus. Clypeus exsertus, suborbiculatus. Oculi magni,

protuberantes. Palpi exserti, dilatati. Arista dorso ciliis perpaucis

pectinata. Yena discali-recurrens obliquata. Areola priraa exterior

apice attenuata. Abdomen deplanatum. Pedes antici femoribus

crassis ovatis, tibiis arcuatis acutis. Metatarsus posticus incrassatus.

Body almost bare. Head nearly triangular, attenuated beneath.

Vertex impressed. Clypeus projecting, suborbiculate. Eyes large,

prominent. Palpi exserted, dilated. Arista with very few bristles

above. Discal-recurrent vein oblique. First, exterior areolet attenuated

VOL. ir. 2 K

250

MUSCID.E.

at the tip. Abdomen flat. Fore legs with thick oval femora and with
curved acute tibia. Hind metatarsus incrassated.

1. mantis, D. G. ! I. vi. 143. pi. 8. f. 15, 16 (1752) ; Latr. ;
Meig. ; Mcq. ; Hal. — manicata, F. ; Coq. ; Fal. ; Desv. Nigra, sub-
metallica, abdominis margine albo-punctato. Long. 2 ; alar. 4 lin.

Black. Body slightly metallic. Wings hyaline. Abdomen with
white dots on the borders.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

Genus II. NOTIPHILA.

NOTIPHILA, Fal. Act. Holm. (1813); Meig.; Mcq.; Hal.; Stenh. ;
Zett.

Caput oblatum. Mentuni parum incrassatum. Oculi snbglabri. An-
tennas articulo secundo incrassato unguiculato. Arista dorso pecti-
nata. Alee plerumque unguiculatce.

Head oblate. Mentum slightly incrassated. Eyes almost bare.
Antennae with the second joint incrassated, unguiculated. Arista pec-
tinated above. Wings generally unguiculated.

SYNOPSIS OF THE SUBGENERA.

n level. Proboscis rwith five segments. f , ,
-8 g> unigeniculate. j Antennse with C oblonS ' ' 5. HYGRELLA.

Abdomen \ second joint ^suborbiculate 6 DISCOCERINA.

Lappareutly with four segments . . 4. TRIMERINA.

bigeniculate 7. HECAMEDE.

deflexed behind 3. DISCOMYZA.

ceasing at the tip of the wing. ( spinose at the tip
male

Abdomen of the

( unarmed

2. DICKLETA.
1. NOTIPHILA.

Subgenus 1. NOTIPHILA.

NOTIPHILA, Hal. Keratocera, Desv.

Fades perpendicularis, lateribus ciliata. Palpi dilatati. Vena costalis
in alee apice evanescens. Abdomen depressum, inerme. Tibia inter-
media extrorsum spinosce.

Face perpendicular, ciliated on each side. Palpi dilated. Costal vein
vanishing at the tip of the wing. Abdomen depressed, unarmed. Inter-
mediate tibia; spinose on the outer side.

NOTIPlilLA. 251

1. cinerea, Fal. Act. Holm. 250. Hydr. 8. 2 (1813); Meig. ; Mcq.!
pi. 21. f. 9; Hal.; Zett. — palustris,Desv. — Trap&,~Desv.—fulvicornis,
Desv. Facie fulvescente, palpis tibiis tarsisque ferrugineis, thorace fer-
ruginoso, abdomine cinereo nigro-maculato. Long. 2 ; alar. 4 lin.

lace tawny-yellow. Palpi, tibia, and tarsi ferruginous. Thorax rust-
brown. Abdomen cinereous, with black spots.

Everywhere abundant in marshes. Desvoidy has observed that
it deposits its eggs in the flowers of Potamogeton. (E. S. I.)

2. riparia, Meig. Zw. vi. 65. 2 (1830) ; Mcq. ; Hal. ; Zett. Facie
cinerea, palpi tibiis tarsisque ferrugineis, thorace ferruginoso, abdomine
cinereo nigro-maculato, tibiis annulo nigro. Long. 2 ; alar. 4 lin.

Face cinereous. Palpi, tibue, and tarsi ferruginous. Thorax rust-
brown. Abdomen cinereous, with black spots. Tibia with a black
ring.

Not rare. (E. I.)

3. uliginosa, Hal. A. N. H. iii. 922. 3 (1839). Facie fulvescente,
palpis pedibusque nigris, thorace ferruginoso, abdomine cinereo nigro-
maculato, tarsis ferrugineis. Long. 2 ; alar. 4 lin.

Face tawny-yellow. Frontalia deep-black. Vertex, orbits, and tho-
rax rusty-brown. Antennae and palpi black. Wings obscurely hyaline.
Halteres yellowish. Abdomen cinereous, with a blackish spot at the
sides of each segment. Legs black ; the tarsi (at least the two hinder
pairs) ferruginous.

Found in a marsh between Glengariff and Adrighoule ; on the
banks of the Shannon at Tarbert ; on the shores of Belfast Lough.
(I.)

Subgenus 2. DICEUETA.

DICH^TA, Fal. Act. Holm. 1813. Hydr. 8. 247 (1813); Meig.; Mcq. ;
Hal.

Abdomen maris convexum, apice bispinosum, segmento penultimo margine
pectinato. Characteres reliqui fere quales Notiphila.
Like NotipJiila. Male. Abdomen convex, with two spines at the tip ;

penultimate segment with a pectinated border.

4. caudata, Fal. Act. Holm. 1813. Hydr. 8. 249 (1813) ; Meig. !
Zw. pi. 58. f. 1-6; Mcq.; Hal. Nigra, obscura, facie fulvescente,
tarsis ferrugineis. Long. 2 ; alar. 4 lin.

Black, dull. Face tawny-yellow. Tarsi ferruginous.
Bare. (E.)

Subgenus 3. DISCOMYZA.

DISCOMYZA, Meig. Zw. vi. 76 (1830); Mcq. ; Hal.; Stenh. Psilopa
p., Fal. ; Zett.

252 MUSCID^K.

Corpus depressum. Fades latissima, rugosa. Alee abdomen superantes,
postice decurva. Abdomen k-annulatum, orbiculatum, planum, subde-
fiexum. Tibia intermedia nisi apice nudes.

Body depressed. Face rugose, very broad. Wings not extending be-
yond the abdomen, decurved behind. Abdomen orbiculate, flat, slightly
defiexed, with four segments. Middle tibia bare, except at the tips.

5. incurva, Fal. Act. Holm. 1813. 249. Hydr. 8. 6. 1 (1813);
Meig. ! Zw. vi. pi. 58. f. 14-17 ; Mcq. ; Hal. ; Zett. Nigra, antennis
tarsisque posterioribus luteis. Long. 1£ ; alar. 2 lin.

Black. Antennae and posterior tarsi luteous. Wings blackish.

Pound in September on the wooded cliffs about Ish-oronsay, in
Skye; runs swiftly, but scarcely flies. (E.I.)

Subgenus 4. TRIMERINA.

TRIMERINA, Mcq. D. ii. 529 (1835) ; Hal. Psilopa p., Fal. Act. Holm. ;
Meig. ; Zett. Psilopa, Fal. Hydr.

Fades perpendicularis. Antenna articulo tertio oblongo. Ala plana,
abdomen non superantes. Abdomen marginatum, quasi §-annulalum,
i. e. segmentis primo et quinto minimis, tribus intermediis magnis. Tibia
intermedia nisi apice inermes.

Face vertical. Antenna with the third joint oblong. Wings fiat, not
extending beyond the abdomen. Abdomen with a margin apparently with
three segments, that is, with the first and fifth segments very small, the
other three large. Middle tibia bare, except at the tips.

6. madizans, Fal. Act. Holm. 1813. 7. 2. 252 (1813); Meig.;
Mcq. ; Hal. Nigricans, submetallica, antennis femoribus anticis pedi-
busque posterioribus runs. Long. 1 ; alar. If lin.

Blackish, slightly metallic. Antennas, fore femora, and hinder legs
luteous.

Not uncommon on grassy banks, running actively and flying
little. (E. I.)

Subgenus 5. HYGIIELLA.

HYGRELLA, Hal. A. N. H. iii. 223 (1839). Notiphila p., Fal. ; Meig.
Psilopa p., Fal. ; Zett. Hydrellia p., Mcq. Keratocera p. ? Desv.

Fades perpendicularis, lateribus dliata. Antenna articulo tertio oblongo
dejlexo. Ala abdomen superantes. Abdomen immarginatum, segmentis
quinque subaqualibus. Tibia intermedia nisi apice nuda.
Face vertical, ciliated on each side. Antenna with the third joint ob-
long, deflexed. Wings extending beyond the abdomen. Abdomen without
a margin, having five almost equal segments. Middle tibia bare, except
at the tips.

NOTIPHILA. 253

7. nitidula, Fal. Act. Holm. 1813. 252 (1813); Meig. ; Mcq.;
Hal. ; Zett. — viridescens ? Desv. Obscure aenea, antennis, tibiis tar-
xix///(c posterioribus ferrugineis, alis hyalinis. Long. -|; alar. 1^ lin.

Dull-aeneous. Antennae, tibiae, and hinder tarsi ferruginous. Wings
hyaline.

Not common. (E.)

8. leucostoma, Meig.! Zw. vi. 68. 12. pi. 58. f. 12 (1830) ; Mcq. ;
Hal. ; Zett. Obscure aenea, antennis pedibusque ferrugineis, alis hya-
linis, vena discali transversafusco-cincta. Long. -f-; alar. 1^ lin.

Dull-aeneous. Antennae and legs ferruginous. Wings hyaline ; dis-
cal transverse vein bordered with brown.

Common among aquatic plants. (E. I.)

Subgenus 6. DISCOCERINA.

DISCOCERINA, Mcq. D. ii. (1835); Hal. NotipUla p., Fal. ; Meig.;
Zett. Hydrellia p., Mcq.

Fades media convexa, lateribus ciliata. Proboscis basi tantum geniculata.

Antenna articulo tertio suborbiculato. Alee planae. Tibiae intermedia^

nisi apice nudce.

Face convex in the middle, ciliated on each side. Proboscis bent only
at the base. Antennae with the third joint suborbiculate. Wings hori-
zontal. Middle tibia bare, except at the tips.

The species will form two groups : —

a. Clypeus very short, hardly exserted. Species 9-11.
a a. Clypeus exserted, inflexed, subquadrate. Species 12.

9. nigrina, Meig. Zw. vi. 69. 17 (1830). Nigricans, fronte tho-
raceque cinerascentibus, facie exalbida, tarsis ferrugineis. Var. /3. An-
tennis subtus et fronte antice ferrugineis. — obscurella ? Fal. Act. Holm.
1813. 251 (1813); Meig. Zw. vi. pi. 59. f. 15; Hal.; Zett. Var. y.
Minor, thorace fusco, pedibus fere totis nigris. Long. |— 1 ; alar. 1-jp-
2 lin.

Blackish. Front and thorax greyish. Face whitish. Wings hyaline.
Tarsi ferruginous. Var. /3. Fore part of front and antennae beneath
ferruginous. Var. y. Smaller. Thorax brown. Legs almost wholly
black.

Common in moist grassy places. Var. (S. rare. (E. I.)

10. calceata, Meig. Zw. vi. 69. 16 (1830) ; Hal. Nigra, subnitida,
scutelli disco subglabro, tarsis basijlavis. Long. 1 ; alar. 2 lin.

Black, slightly shining. Disc of the scutellum almost smooth. Wings
hyaline. Tarsi yellow at the base.
Not rare about streams. (E. I.)

254 MUSCIDvE.

11. pulicaria, Hal. A. N. H. iii. 224 (1839). Nigra, scutello
pubescente, vena pobrachiali non abbreviata. Long. 1 ; alar. 2 lin.

A minute species, with the wings scarcely exceeding the abdomen ; the
base of the costal vein more bristly, and the radial rather shorter than in
the others ; the pobrachial scarcely abbreviate. Arista with only four or
five hairs. Thorax and scutellum pubescent. Wings obscure hyaline.
Club of the halteres white. Extremity .of the abdomen glossy.

Not common ; mostly found on windows. (I.)

12. glabra, Meig. Zw. vi. 69 (1830) ; Mcq. ; Hal. Nigra, nitida,
alis hyalinis, halteribus fuscis, tarsis basi flavis. Long. 1 ; alar. 2 lin.

Black, shining. Wings hyaline. Halteres brown. Tarsi yellow at
the base.

Not common. (E.)

Subgenus 7. HECAMEDE.

HECAMEDE, Hal. A. N. H. iii. 224 (1839). Notiphila p., Meig. ; Mcq.

Fades tuberculata. Oculi a peristomate distantes. Proboscis bigenicu-

lata. Antenna articulo tertio orbicidato. Alee abdomen non superantes.

Abdomen planum, subdeflexum, ^-annulatum, "centre toto coriaceo hand

insecto. Tibia nisi apice nudce.

Face tuberculate. Eyes remote from the peristoma. Proboscis with
two joints. AntenntB with the third joint orbiculate. Wings not extend-
ing beyond the abdomen. Abdomen level above, slightly deflexed, with
four segments, wholly coriaceous and without sutures beneath. Tibia bare,
except at the tips.

13. albicans, Meig. Zw. vi. 65. 3 (1830); Mcq.; Hal. Albida,
facie puncto nigro, antennis tibiis tarsisque flavis. Long, f ; alar. 1^
lin.

Whitish. Face with a black dot. Antennas, tibiae, and tarsi yellow.
Wings white.

On sandy coasts, especially on fresh marine rejectamenta ; runs
fast and does not fly readily. (E. I.)

Genus III. HYDRELLIA.

HYDRELLIA, Desv. E. M. (1830.) Notiphila p., Fal. ; Meig. ; Zett.
Discocerina p., Mcq. Hydrina ? Desv.

Caput oblatum. Mentum parum incrassatum. Oculi confertissime pilosi,
quasi velutini. Antenna articulo secundo exunguiculato. Alee exun-
guiculata.
Head oblate. Mentum slightly thickened. Eyes very thickly pilose,

as if velvety. Antennae with the second joint exunguiculate. Wings ex-

HYDRELLIA. 255

unguiculate. Every facet of the eyes appears to produce a short erect
hair from its centre, which gives a velvety pile to the whole, and an
indefinite outline when viewed by a magnifier, unless in the direction
of a row of the lenses.

SYNOPSIS OF THE SUBGENERA.

r convex 1. HYDRELLIA.

f pectinated above. Face <
A . , ) (.impressed 2. ATISSA.

(.very minutely pubescent 3. GLENANTHE.

Subgenus 1. HYDRELLIA.

HYDRELLIA, Desv.; Hal. A. N. H. iii. 401 (1839).

Fades convexa, superne attenuata, squamuloso-micans, puncto lucido an-
tennarum basin superante. Palpi subdilatati. Antenna; articulo tertio
ovato aut orbiculato, compresso, deftexo ; arista dor so peciinata. Ala
apice rotundatce. Vena discali-recurrens ab alee margine parum dis-
tans.

Face convex, attenuated above, shining, as if squamulose, with a lucid
spot above the base of tJie antennae. Palpi slightly dilated. Antenna
with the third joint oval or orbiculate, compressed, dejlexed ; arista pec-
tinated above. TFings rounded at the tips. Discalrrecurrent vein near
the border of the wing.

The species of this group generally occur in great profusion in
their favourite localities, and are subject to some variation in the
colour of the face, antennae, and mouth. The general colour of
the body is rather uniform, ranging from a dull olive or cinereous
shade to a shining black. The halteres are sulphureous, with the
base black in the dark-coloured species, brown or tawny in the
others.

1 . Cardamines, Hal. A. N. H. iii. 402. 1 (1839). Nigro-anescens,
antennis subtus facie ore palpis coxis et tibiis anticis totis tibiis posterio-
ribus apice tarsisque basi fulvis. Var. j8. Facie albo-micante. Var. y.
Antennis et mento nigris. Long, f-li lin.

JEmeous-black. Antennae beneath, face, mouth, palpi, coxes, fore tibia,
hinder tibia at the tips, and tarsi at the base taiony. Var. /8. Face with
white reflections. Var. y. Antenna and mentum black.

Among aquatic plants, at Hollywood, near Belfast ; local, but
not rare. (I.)

2. flaviceps, Meig. Zw. vi. 72 (1830) ; Mcq. ; Hal. — aurifacies,
Desv. Obscure viridis, ore palpisquejlavis,faciejlava albo-micante, an-
tennarum articulo tertio tibiis tarsisque fulvis, tibiis posticis annulofusco.
Long. 1 ; alar. 2 lin.

256 MUSCID.E.

Dark-green. Mouth and palpi yellow. Face yellow, with white re-
flections. Third joint of the antenna, tibia, and tarsi tawny. Hind tibia
with a brown band.

Rare ; found in marshes about Hollywood, near Belfast. (I.)

3. Hydrocotyles, Hal. A. N. H. iii. 402. 3 (1839).— communis ?
Desv. Obscure viridis, facie albissima, tibiis anterioribus et posticarum
apice palpis tarsisquefulvis. Long. 1 ; alar. 2 lin.

Dark-green. Face brilliant-white. Palpi, tarsi, anterior tibia, and
tips of hind tibia tawny.

Extremely rare; found at Hollywood, near Belfast. In the
collection of Mr. Haliday. (I.)

4. porphyrops, Hal. A. N. H. iii. 402. 4 (1839). Nigricans, facie
ore palpisqueflavis, puncto frontali albo, oculis hyacinthinis, antennarum
articulo tertio tibiis apice tarsisque basifulvis. Long, -f ; alar. 1^ lin.

Blackish, with a white frontal dot. Face, mouth, and palpi yellow.
Third joint of the antenna, tibia at the tips, and tarsi at the base tawny.

This distinct and beautiful species has occurred but once at
Hollywood, near Belfast, among Mentha sylvatica, in a ditch.
The face is remarkably small, and the eyes are large and of an
exquisite purple tint ; they are dark green or brassy in most other
species. In Mr. Haliday' s collection. (I.)

5. thoracica, Hal. A. N. H. iii. 402. 5 (1839). Facie alba, palpis
nigris, thorace cinereo obsolete lineato, tar sis posterioribus ferrugineis.
Long. 1-| ; alar. 2-g- lin.

Face white. Palpi black. Thorax with indistinct grey stripes. Pos-
terior tarsi ferruginous.

A very distinct species, of robust form, and the only one which
has any vestige of markings on the body. The discal-recurrent
vein is very near the margin. The middle and hind tibiae are
evidently thicker than the fore pair. Rare; found in June on
the sea-coast at Hollywood, near Belfast. In the collection of
Mr. Haliday. (I.)

6. Ranunculi, Hal. A. N. H. iii. 402. 6 (1839). Nigro-olivacea,
facie alba, tarsis posterioribus basi palpisque ferrugineis, vena discali trans-
versa subobliqua. Long. ]i; alar. 2^ lin.

Blackish olive-colour. Face white. Palpi ferruginous. Things with
the discal transverse vein slightly oblique. Posterior tarsi ferruginous at
the base.

Abundant in meadows and marshes. This is probably the va-
riety of H. griseola of which Fallen makes mention, and erro-
neously considers its white face to be a sexual distinction. (E. I.)

7. griseola, Pal. Act. Holm. 1813. 250. 9. 5 (1813); Meig. ;

HYDRELLIA. 257

Mcq. ; Hal.; Zett. Firidi-cinerea, subtus scfilstacea, facie flavicante^
puncto frontali albmimo, tarsis posterioribus basi palpisque ferrngineis,
alls hyalinis, vena transversa perpendiculari. Long. 1 ; alar. 2 lin.

Greenish-grey, slate-colour beneath. Face yellowish. Frontal dot
brilliant-white. Pal/pi ferruginous. Wrings hyaline ; discal transverse
vein perpendicular. Posterior tarsi ferruginous at the base.

The most abundant species in meadows. The distinct white
dot above the antennae is rarely wanting. The palpi are usually
dusky at the base. The wings and legs are particularly long.

8. chrysostoma, Meig. Zw. vi. 67. 8 (1830); Hal.; Zett. — viri-
descens, Desv. Nigro-olivacea, facie Jlavicante, palpis ferrugineisy vena
transversa subobliqua. Long. 1 ; alar. 2 lin.

Blackish olive-colour. Face yellowish. Palpi ferruginous. Wings
with a slightly oblique transverse vein.
Not rare in marshes. (E. I.)

9. tarsata, Hal. A. N. H. iii. 403. 9 (1839). Nigro-oliveacea,
facie palpisque fiavis, femoribus anticis validis, tarsis iisdem subtus favo-
tomentosis, onychiis longiusculis rufescentibus. Long, li ; alar. 2 lin.

Blackish olive-colour. Face and palpi yellow. Fore femora stout.
Fore tarsi clothed beneath with yellow tomentum. Onychia reddish,
rather long.

Distinguished particularly by its onychia; those of the other
species being short and white in both sexes. Very rare ; found
but once at Hollywood, near Belfast. In Mr. Holiday's collec-
tion. (I.)

10. albiceps, Meig. Zw. vi. 68. 11 (1830); Mcq.; ftz\.—fuligi-
nosa ? Desv. Nigro-cenescens, facie alba, palpis ferrugineis, alis obscuris,
halteribus basi nigris. Var. /3. Labellis ferrugineis, antennarum articulo
tertio subtus vel etiam toto fulvo. Long. 1 ; alar. 2 lin.

JEneous-black. Face white. Palpi ferruginous. Wings dusky. Hal-
ter -es black at the base. Var. /3. Labella ferruginous. Antenna with the
third joint beneath or even wholly tawny.

Common in marshes. (E. I.)

11. erythrostoma, Meig. Zw. vi. 69. 14 (1830); Mcq. ; Hal.—
favicornis, Stenh. ; Zett. Nigro-cenescens, antennarum articulo tertio
facie palpisque fulvis, puncto frontali albissimo, alis obscuris, halteribus
basi nigris. Var. 0. Puncto frontali flavicante, antenuarum articulo
tertio fusco. Long. 1 ; alar. 2 lin.

JEneous-black. Frontal dot brilliant white. Face, palpi, and third
joint of the antenna tawny. Wings dusky. Halteres black at the base.
Var. /§. Frontal dot yellowish. Third joint of the antenna brown.

Common on moist grassy slopes of mountains and in marshes
(E. I.)

VOL. II. 2 L

258

12. Cochlearise, Hal. A. N. H. iii. 403. 12 (1839). Nigro-
tenescens, facie flavicante, palpis nigris, alls obscuris, halteribus basi
nigris. Long. 1 ; alar. 2 lin.

JEneous-black. Face yelloicish. Palpi black. Wings dusky. Hal-
teres black at the base. Very like H. erythrostoma, but appears to be
a distinct species.

Bare ; found in June at Holly wood, near Belfast. In the col-
lection of Mr. Haliday. (I.)

13. albilabris, Meig. Zw. vi. 71. 22 (1830) ; Mcq.; Hal.— argyria,
Desv. — argyrostoma, Stenh. ; Zett. Nigra, nitida, facie alba, antenna-
rum articulo tertio fulvo, halteribus basi palpisque nigris. Long. -| ;
alar, li lin.

Slack, shining. Face white. Halteres at the base and palpi black.
Third joint of the antenna tawny. The third joint of the antenna is
more orbiculate than in the other species, and the wings are nearly lanceo-
late, with the radial vein shorter.

Yery rare. In meadows at Hollywood, near Belfast. In the
collection of Mr. Haliday. (I.)

Subgenus 2. ATISSA.

ATISSA, Hal. A. N. H. iii. 404 (1839). Ephydra p., Hal. E. M. I.
174.

Fades brevis, sub antennis utrinque impressa, margine infero prominulo.
Antenna articulo tertio spharoideo, subcompresso ; arista dorso breviter
pectinata. Ala lanceolata. Vena discali-recurrens a margine remota.
Face short, impressed on each side beneath the antenna, with the lower
border rather prominent. Third joint of the antenna spheroidal, slightly
compressed ; arista pectinated above with short bristles. Wings lanceo-
late ; discal-recurrent vein remote from the border.

14. pygmsea, Hal. E. M. I. 174 (1834). Cinerea, facie albida,
antennis tarsisque ferrugineis. Long, f ; alar. \\ lin.

Cinereous. Face whitish. Antennae and tarsi ferruginous.
Eare ; found in a salt-marsh at Hollywood, near Belfast. In
the collection of Mr. Haliday. (I.)

Subgenus 3. GLENANTHE.

GLENANTHE, Hal. A. N. H. iii. 404 (1839).

Fades sub antennis utrinque impressa, medio longitrorsum convexa. Oculi
inferne attenuati, subangulati. Antenna articulo tertio orbiculato, com-
presso ; arista brevi, subtilissime pubescente. Vena discali-recurrens ab
ala margine distans. Foem. Abdomen apice rima longitudinali tuber-
culum muricatum includente.

EPHYDRA. 259

Face impressed on each side beneath the antennae, convex longitudinally
in the middle. Eyes attenuated below, slightly angulated. Third joint
of the antenna orbiculate, compressed ; arista short, very finely pubescent.
Discal-recurrent vein remote from the border of the wing. Abdomen of
the female with a longitudinal furrow, which includes a muricate tubercle.

15. ripicola, Hal. A. N. H. iii. 404. 15 (1839). Cinerea, fronte
thoraceque ferruginosis, antennis tibiis tarsisque ferrugineis, facie albida.
Long. 1 ; alar. 2 lin.

Cinereous. Front and thorax ferruginous. Antennae, tibiae, and
tarsi ferruginous. Face whitish.

Found on the muddy sea-coast at Hollywood, near Belfast. In
Mr. Haliday's collection. (I.)

Genus IV. EPHYDRA.

EPHYDRA, Fal. Act. Holm. 1813 (1813); Meig.; Mcq.; Hal.; Zett.

Oculi glabri, seu vage pubescentes. - Proboscis magis incrassata. Antenna
articulo secundo exunguiculato. Femora subaqualia.
Eyes bare, or thinly pubescent. Proboscis rather thick. Third joint

of tJie antenna not unguiculate. Femora of almost equal size.

SYNOPSIS OF THE SUBGENERA.

a. Prsebrachial and anal areolets small, complete. 11. CAN ACE.
a a. Prsebrachial and anal areolets incomplete.

b. Claws almost straight, with obsolete onychia. 10. EPHYDRA.
b b. Claws curved, with hairy onychia.
c. Head hardly depressed.

d. Transverse vein near the border of the wing. 4. PELINA.
d d. Transverse vein remote from the border.
e. Face ciliated on each side. 1. HYDRINA.
e e. Face almost bare.
/. Costal vein passing round the tip of the wing. 2. HYA-

DINA.

//. Costal vein ceasing at the tip of the wing. 3. AXYSTA.
c c. Head depressed.

d. Clypeus exserted. 5. NAP^A.
d d. Clypeus withdrawn.

e. Peristoma bare on the border. 6. ILYTHEA.
e e. Peristoma hairy or pectinated.
/. Arista pectinated above. 7.
//. Arista pubescent. 8. SCATELLA.
///. Arista bare. 9. TEICHOMYZA.

200 MUSCID.E.

Subgenus 1. HYDRINA.

HYDRINA, Desv. E. M. (1830). Notiphila p., Fal. ; Zett. Ephydra
p., Meig.

Fades proclivis, subtriangularis, convexa, lateribus subtiliter ciliata. Palpi
par um dilatati. Antennae mediocres ; articulo tertio subdejlexo, oblongoy
dorso subimpresso. Arista pubescens aid dorso pectinata. Vena dis-
cali-recurrens ab alee margine distans. Abdomen %-annulatum, con-
vexum, apice glabrnm.

Face slanting, almost triangular, convex, finely ciliated on each side.
Palpi hardly dilated. Antenna of moderate size; third joint slightly
dejiexed, oblong, a little impressed above. Arista pubescent, or pectinated
above. Discal-recurrent vein remote from the border of the icing. Abdo-
men icithjive segments, convex, smooth at the tip.

The species may be divided into two sections : —
a. Arista with long hairs, or pectinated on the back. Species 1.
a a. Arista pubescent. Species 2-7.

1. picta, Fal. Act. Holm. 1813. 254. 11. 13 (1813) ; Meig. ; Hal. ;
Zett. Antennis snbtus pedibusque testaceis, thorace fusco utrinque linea
alba, scntello aterrimo. Variat femoribus nigris, ant pedibus nigris,
tarsis basi rufescentibus. Long. \\ alar. 1 lin.

Antenna; beneath and legs testaceous. Thorax drown, with a white
stripe on each side. Scutellnm deep black. Var. /3. Femora black.
Var. y. Legs black ; tarsi rufescent at the base.

Common on grass iu shady places. (E. I.)

2. punctato-nervosa, Fal. Act. Holm. 1813. 254. 12. 14 (1813);
Meig. ; Hal. ; Zett. Anlennis pedibusque Jlavis, thorace cinereo, alls
seriatim fusco-punctatis, venis transversis fuscis. Long, f; alar. 1| lin.

AntenncR and legs yellow. Thorax grey. Wings with rotes of brown

dots ; transverse veins broicn.
In sandy places. (E. I.)

3. flavipes, Fal. Hydr. 12. 15 (1813) ; Meig. ; Hal. ; Zett. Facie
antenni* peel iljusque Jlavis, thorace cinereo, venis transversis fuscis. Long.
f ; alar. 1 \ lin.

Face, auU'iince, aud legs yellow. Thorax grey. Transverse veins brown.
Not rare in meadows. (E. I.)

4. stictica, Meig. Zw. vi. 121 (1830); Mcq. ; Hal. Facie anten-
nis pedibusque Jlavis, thorace cinereo^fusco-vittalo, alarum venis transversis
(I pujicto fuscis. Long, f ; alar. 1^ lin.

Face, a/tle/nitf, and legs yellow. Thorax grey, with brown stripes.
ft i.Hys with brown transverse veins and a brown dot.
Common in meadows. (E. I.)

EPHYDRA. 261

5. interstincta, Fal. Act. Holm. 1813. 254 (1813); Meig. ; Mcq. ;
Hal. ; Zett. — maculipennis, Desv. Thorace fusco-cinereo, tibiis tarsisque

fernicjuieis, alarum venis transvei'&is et punctis sex fuscis. Long, f ;
alar. \\ lin.

Thorax brotcnish-grey. Wrings with brown transverse veins, and with
six brown dots. Tidies and tarsi ferruginous.

Common on grass. (E. I.)

6. interrupta, Hal. E. M. I. 176 (1834). Facie antennis tarsisqne
flavis, thorace cinereofusco-vittato, alis fuscis disco hyalinis venis trans-

versis fuscis. Long. 1 ; alar. 2 lin.

Face, antenna, and tarsi yellow. Thorax grey, with brown stripes,
Wings brown ; disc hyaline ; transverse veins brown.

Rare ; found at Hollywood, and on the sandy shore of Killiney
Bay, county Dublin. In Mr. Halida/s collection. (I.)

7. posticata, Meig. Zw. vi. 124. 27 (1830); Mcq.; Hal. — nlgri-
cauda ? Stenh. ; Zett. Cinerea, abdominis apice nigro, facie antennis
tarsisque flavis, alis hyalinis. Long. 1 ; alar. 2 lin.

Grey. Face, antennae, and tarsi yellow. Wings hyaline. Abdomen
black at the tip.

Not uncommon. (I.)

Subgenus 2. HTADINA.

HYADINA, Hal. A. N. H. iii. 406 (1839). Notiphila p., Fal. ; Zett.
Ephydra^.; Meig.; Mcq. Hydrina p., Desv.

Fades perpendicular is, superne parnm angustata, mx nisi nuda. Arista
pubescens. Vena costalis alts apicem ambiens, vena discali-recurrens
ab ales margine distans, venae brachialis ibidem sinu approximate. Ab-
domen §-annulatum, segmento quinto magno glaberrimo.
Face vertical, slightly straitened above, almost bare. Arista pubescent.
Costal vein embracing the tip of the wing ; discal-recurrent vein remote
from the border of the wing ; brachial veins approximate in one bend of
the wing. Abdomen with Jive segments ; Jifth segment large, very smooth.

8. guttata, Fal. Act. Holm. 1813. 253. 11. 12 (1813) ; Meig.;
Hal. ; Zett. — nitida, Mcq. — vernalis, Desv. Nigra, subnitida, antennis
subtus pedibusque testaceis, scutelli lateribm aterrimis, alis albo-guttatis.
Long. ^; alar. 1 lin.

Black, slightly shining. Antennae beneath and legs testaceous.
Sides of the scutellum deep black. Wings with white dots. Var. £. Face
silvery-white or straw-colour. Var. y. Legs dusky. The clear dot
above and below the transverse vein is not very evident unless when
the wings overlap.

Common in swampy spots. (E. I.)

262 MUSCID^J.

9. scutellata, Hal. A. N. H. iii. 406. 9 (1839). Nigra, subnitida,
antennis subtus pedibusque testaceis, scutello aterrimo, alls albo-bigut-
tatis. Long, vix 1 ; alar. 2 lin.

Black, slightly shining. Antennae beneath and legs testaceous.
Scutellum deep black. Wrings with two white dots.

Yery rare ; found at Hollywood, near Belfast. In Mr. Hali-
day's collection. (I.)

Subgenus 3. AXYSTA.

AXYSTA, Hal. A. N. H. iii. 406. (1839). Ephydra p., Meig. Trime-
rina, Mcq. Hydrina p., Desv.

Fades perpendicularis, media subconvexa, superne parum angustata, vix
nisi nuda. Arista pubescens. Abdomen quasi 3-annulatum, i. e.
segmentis primo et quinto minimis, basi marginatum. Vena costalis
in alee apice evanescens. Vena discali-recurrens ab alee margine distans.
Vencs brachiales ibidem sinu approximate.

Face vertical, slightly convex in the middle, a little straitened above,
almost bare. Arista pubescent. Costal vein vanishing at the tip of the
wing ; discal-recurrent vein remote from the border ; brachial veins ap-
proximate in the same flexure of the wing. Abdomen with a margin at
the base, apparently with only three segments, the Jirst and the fifth being
very small.

10. viridula? Desv. E. M. 795 (1830) ; Hal.— cesta, Hal. E. M.
I. 777. — cceruleiventris ? Mcq. Nigra, nitida, facie albida vitta nigra,
abdomine punctatissimo cyanescente. Long. % ; alar. 1 lin.

Black, shining. Face whitish, with a black stripe. Abdomen bluish,*
very thickly punctured.

Bare ; found on grass at Hollywood. In Mr. Haliday's collec-
tion. (I.)

Subgenus 4. PELINA.

PELINA, Hal. A. N. H. iii. 407 (1839). Notiphila p., Eal.; Zett.
Ephydra p., Meig. ; Mcq.

Fades latissima, perpendicularis, lateribus tenuissime ciliata. Clypeus
subexsertus. Arista subtilissime pubescens. Vena discali-recurrens
prope alee marginem. Abdomen depressum.
Face very broad, vertical, very finely ciliated on each side. Clypeus

slightly projecting. Arista very minutely pubescent. Discal-recurrent

vein near the border. Abdomen depressed.

11. aenea, Eal. Act. Holm. 1813. 253 (1813) ; Meig. ; Hal. ; Zett.
— glabricula, Meig. ; Mcq. Obscure renea, facie albicante, alis hyalinis,
tarsis flavis. Long. J ; alar. H lin.

EPHYDRA. 263

Dull-aeneous. Face whitish. Wings hyaline. Tarsi yellow.
Common among aquatic plants. (E. I.)

Subgenus 5.

NAPJEA, Desv. E. M. 800 (1830); Hal. Ephydra p., Fal. ; Meig. ;

Mcq. ; Zett.
Corpus pedesque subglabra. Caput depressum. Fades proclivis, latissima,

vix nisi nuda. Clypeus exsertus. Mentum valde incrassatum. Arista

basi pubescens. Vena prabrachialis recurrens fere in al<£ medio. Ab-

domen depressum, suborbiculatum.

Body and legs almost smooth. Head depressed. Face inclined, very
broad, almost bare. Clypeus exserted. Menium very thick. Arista pu-
bescent at the base. Prcsbrachial recurrent vein almost in the middle of
the wing. Abdomen depressed, nearly orbiculate.

The species will form two groups : —
a. Recurrent vein with a branch at the tip. Species 12, 13.
a a. Recurrent vein simple. Species 14-17.

12. coarctata, Fal. Act. Holm. 247. 4. 4 (1813); Meig.; Hal.;
Zett. — rufitarsis, Mcq. — stagnicola major, Desv. Fusco-cenea, arista
nisi basi nuda, alls fuscanis, venis transversis obscuris, tarsis basi ferru-
gineis. Long. 1^ ; alar. 3 lin.

Broionish-ceneous. Arista bare, except at the base. Wings brownish,
with darker transverse veins. Tarsi ferruginous at tJie base.
Abundant on pools. (E. I.)

13. littoralis, Meig. Zw. vi. 116. 6. pi. 60. f. 8 (1830); Mcq.;
Hal. ; Zett. Obscure aenea, arista villoss, alls fuscanis, venis transversis
obscuris utrinque hyalino-guttatis, tarsis basi ferrugineis. Long. 1^ ;
alar. 3 lin.

Dull-ceneous. Arista villose. Wings brownish; transverse veins
darker, with hyaline dots along each side. Tarsi ferruginous at the base.

Less common than E. coarctata. (E. I.) E. quadripunctata,
Meig., also belongs to this group.

14. Aquila, Fal. Act. Holm. 1813. 247. 4. 3 (1813); Meig.;
Mcq. ; Hal. ; Zett. Fusco-anea, alis fuscanis, venis transversis obscuris,
tibiis basi apiceque albis, tarsis ferrugineis. Long. 1^; alar. 3 lin.

Broicnish-ceneous. Wings brownish, with darker transverse vein*.
Tibue white at the base and at the tips. Tarsi ferruginous.
Not rare. (E. I.)

15. fossarum, Hal. E. M. 1. 175 (1834). — stagnicola minor? Desv.
Fusco-fcnea, alis fuscanis, venis transversis obscuris, tarsis basi ferrugineis.
Long, f; alar. 1^ lin.

264

Brownish-aeneous. Wings brownish ; transverse veins darker. Tarsi
ferruginous at the base.

Abundant on pools. (E. I.)

16. Hecate, Hal. E. M. 1. 175 (\%Zk).-—fuscipenms, Mcq. Fusco-
cenea, alis fuscanis, venis transversis obscuris utrinqne hyalino-guttatis,
tarsis basiferrugineis. Long. £ ; alar. H lin.

Brownish-teneous. Wings brownish; transverse veins darker, with
hyaline dots along each side. Tarsi ferruginous at the base.

Very rare; found at Hollywood, near Belfast. In Mr. Hali-
day's collection. (I.)

17. pusilla, Meig. Zw. vi. 126. 33 (1830).— m/^fo, Hal. E. M. I.
175. Nigro-tenea, facie albicante, alis fuscanis, venis transversis obscuris,
pedibus nigris. Long. -|; alar. 1^ lin.

^neous-black. Face whitish. Wings brownish; transverse veins
darker. Legs black.

Bare; found at Hollywood, near Belfast. In Mr. Haliday's
collection. (I.)

Subgenus 6. ILYTHEA.

ILYTHEA, Hal. A. N. H. iii. 408 (1839). Ephydra p., Hal. ; Curt.

Caput depressum; facie convexa, inter antennas elevata, nisi lateribus
nuda ; clypeo recondito. Mentum incrassatum. Lobelia crassa, retro-
producta, obtusa. Arista dorso pectinata.

Head depressed. Face convex, elevated between the antennae, bare ex-
cept on the sides. Clypeus withdrawn. Mentum thickened. Lobelia,
thick, produced hindward, obtuse. Arista pectinated above.

18. spilota, Hal.; Curt. Brit. Ent. 413 (1832). Nigra, facie
ferruginosa, alis nigro-punctatis, tarsis flavis. Long. 1 ; alar. 2 lin.

Black. Face ferruginous. Wings with black dots. Tarsi yellow.
Not rare about pools and ditches. (E. I.)

Subgenus 7. CJENIA.

CJENIA, Desv. E. M. 800 (1830); Mcq. Ephydra p., Pal; Meig.;
Hal.; Zett.

Caput depressum ; facie protuberante et margine perisiomatis villosis out
setosis ; clypeo recondito. Mentum valde incrassatum. Arista dorso
pectinata.
Head depressed. Face protuberant, hairy or bristly, as is also the

border of the peristoma. Clypeus withdrawn. Mentum much thickened.

Arista pectinated above.

EPIIYDHA. 265

The species will form two groups : —
a. Third joint of the antennae obtuse. Species 19-21.
a a. Third joint of the antennae almost conical. Species 22.

19. albula, Meig. Zw. vi. 115. 4 (1830) ; Hal. Facie cinerascente,
tJwrace obscure-ceneo, halteribus albidis, abdomine glauco incisuris obscuris.
Long. 1£ ; alar. 3 lin.

Dull-aneous. Face greyish. Halteres whitish. Abdomen glaucous ;
sutures dark.

Rare; found in August at Loch Fad, Isle of Bute. In Mr.
Haliday's collection. (S.)

20. palustris, Fal. Hydr. 4. 2 (1813); Meig.; Mcq.; Hal.; Zett.
— caricicola, Desv. Nigro-cenea, capite pedibusque nigris, facie setosa,
halteribus fuscanis. Long. 1 ; alar. 2 lin.

JEneous-black. Head and legs black. Face bristly. Halteres brownish.
Common in marshes. (E. I.)

21. obscura, Meig. Zw. vi. 115. 3 (1830). Obscure cenea, episto-
matejlavo setuloso, alls hyalinis, pedibus cinerascentibus. Long. J ; alar.
1^ lin.

Obscure eeneous. Epistoma yellow, somewhat bristly. Wings limfrid.
Halteres white. Legs cinereous.
Rare. (E.)

22. defecta, Hal. E. M. I. 174 (1834). Nigro-asnea, antennis
subtus tarsisque luteis, scutello cyanescente, alis obscuris hyalino-gut-
tatis. Long. |; alar. 1^ lin.

^Eneous-black. Antennae beneath and tarsi luteous. Scutellum bluish.
Wings dark, with hyaline dots.
Common in swampy spots.

Subgenus 8. SCATELLA.

SCATELLA, Desv. E. M. 801 (1830); Hal. Notiphila p., Fal. ; Zett.
Ephydra p., Fal. ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Hal. ; Zett.

Caput depression ; facie buccata et margine peristomatis villosis aut setosis ;
clypeo recondito. Antenna articulo tertio obtuso. Arista arcuata,
pubescens. Ungues curvati, divaricati. Onychia manifesta.
Head depressed. Face inflated, hairy or bristly, as is also the border

of the peristoma ; clypeus withdrawn. Third joint of the anienncB obtuse.

Arista curved, pubescent. Claws bent. Onychia conspicuous.

23. sibilans, Hal. E. M. I. 175 (1834). Ferruginosa, facie fla-
vida setosa, alis obscuris, abdomine cenescente. Long. \ ; alar. 1 lin.

Ferruginous. Face yellowish, bristly. Wings dark. Abdomen some-
what (sneous.

Very common on the sea- coast at Hollywood, near Belfast.
(E.I.)

VOL. II. 2 M

266 MUSCID^E.

' 24. leucostoma, Meig. Zw. vi. 121. 20 (1830); Hal. Olivacea,
facie villosa albicante, alls obscuris, vena transve?-sa a margine remote.
Long. -| ; alar. 1 \ lin.

Olive-colour. Face whitish, hairy, flings dark ; transverse vein re-
mote from the border.

Not uncommon on marine rejectamenta. (E. I.)

25. sorbillans, Hal. A. N. H. iii. 409. 24 (1839). Olivacea,
facie pubescente alba, alls cinerascentibus indistincte hyalino §-guttatis.

Long. 1-^ ; alar. 2-| lin.

Olive-colour. Face white, pubescent. Wings greyish, with jive indis-
tinct ftyaline dots.

Not rare on the sea-coast. (I.)

26. sestuans, Hal. E. M. I. 176 (1834). Cinerea, fronte tho-
racisque dorso ferruginosis, facie Jlavida, alis ferruginosis guttis quinque
albis anteriore majore quadrata, tarsis ferrugineis. Long. |- ; alar. 1|-
lin.

Grey. Front and the back of the thorax somewhat ferruginous. Face
yellowish. Wings rather ferruginous, with Jive white dots, of which the
fore one is the largest and quadrate.

Common on fuci. (E. I.)

27. buccata, Desv. E. M. 801 (1830); Hal.— stagnalis? Fal. ;
Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett. Nigra, fronte thoraceque fuscis, facie Jlavicante,
alisfuliginosis hyalino- -d-guttatis. Long. -|; alar. 1^ lin.

Black. Front and thorax brown. Face yellowish. Wings dusky,
with jive hyaline dots.

The most abundant species. Eallen has probably confounded
with his E. stagnalis all the species with hyaline dots on the dark
ground of the wings. (E. S. I.)

28. lutosa, Hal. E. M. I. 176 (1834). Fusco-cinerea, fronte tho-
raceque ferruginosis, facie Jlavicante, alis infum&tis hyalino-^-guttatis,
tarsis ferrugineis. Long. -|; alar. 1^ lin.

Broicnish-grey. Front and thorax somewhat ferruginous. Face yel-
lowish. Wings smoky, with Jive hyaline dots. Tarsi ferruginous.
Found with E. buccata, and almost equally abundant. (E. I.)

29. despecta, Hal. A. N. H. hi. 409. 28 (1839). Cinerea, facie
albida, thoracefusco lineolis albidis, alis cinerascentibus obsolete hyalino-
guttatis ; Mas, femoribus mediis subtus basi pectinatis. Long. 1 ; alar.
2 lin.

Grey. Face whitish. Thorax brown, with whitish stripes. Wings
greyish, icith almost obsolete hyaline dots. Male. Intermediate femora
pectinated beneath at the base.

On the sea-coast and in sandy places. Not common. (I.)

30. noctula, Meig. Zw. vi. 119. 14 (1830); Mcq.; Hal.; Zett.

EPHYDRA. 267

Nigricans, facie Jlavicante, thorace fusco lineolis albidis, alisfuscanis hya-
lino-guttatis, tarsis ferrugineis. Long. J; alar. 1^ lin.

Blackish. Face yelloicish, Thorax brown, with whitish stripes.
Wings brownish, with hyaline dots. Tarsi brown.

Common in moist places. (E. I.)

31. comta, Hal. E. M. I. 176 (1834).— cinerea? Uesv. Nigra,
facie albida, tJiorace fusco, alisfuscanis hyalino-guttatis. Long. -j ; alar.

1 lin.

Black. Face whitish. Thorax brown. Wings brownish, with hya-
line dots.

Generally one-half less than E. noctula, of which it may be a
variety. (E. I.)

32. quadrata, Fal. Act. Holm. 1813. 255. 5. 6 (1813); Meig. ;
Mcq.; Hal. A. N. H. iii. 410. 31; falt.—graminum, Hal. E. M. I.
176. Nigricans, thorace fusco lineolis albidis, alls fusco-nubeculosis
margine antico nigro-tessellato, tarsis ferrugineis. Long. |-; alar. 1^ lin.

Blackish. Thorax brown, with whitish stripes. Wings clouded with
brown, tessellated with black along the fore border : Tarsi ferruginous.
Var. £. Face whitish. Var. y. Face yellowish.

Common. (E. I.) To the same group belong E. paludum,
E. lacustris, and E. quadriguttata, Meig.

Subgenus 9. TEICHOMYZA.

TEICHOMYZA, Mcq. D. ii. 535 (1835). Scatella p., Desv. Ephydra
p., Hal.

Caput depressum ; facie longe porrecta fornicata setosa, sub antennis im-
pressa ; clypeo recondito. Peristomatis mar go pectinatus. Antennas
arista elongata glabra tenui. Ungues validi curvati ; onychiis conspi-
cuis hirtis. Fcem. Abdomen apice subcompressum, rima verticali.
Head depressed. Face porrect, arched, bristly, impressed beneath tJie

antenna; clypeus withdrawn. Border of the peristoma pectinated. Arista

long, bare, slender. Claws stout, curved. Onychia conspicuous. Fern.

Abdomen compressed at the tip, with a vertical furrow.

33. fusca, Mcq. D. ii. 535 (1835); Hal. Fusco-olivacea, thorace
lineolis duabus anticis cinereis, alis fuliginosis ; Mas, femoribus mediis
subtus pectinatis, metatarso antico incrassato. Long. 2 ; alar. 4 lin.

Brownish olive-colour. Thorax in front with two grey stripes.
Wings smoky. Male. Intermediate femora pectinated beneath. Fore
metatarsus incrassated.

" On the walls of damp outhouses, in winter, where the larvae
(as observed by Macquart) feed on the decomposed mortar."
(E. I.) This fly occurs in great numbers in London and in some '

268 MUSCJDJE.

towns on the Continent, and frequents sewers, where it finds a
combination of salt and lime like that in its natural and original
habitation, the sea-shore chalk-cliffs, a little below high-water mark.

Subgenus 10. EPHYDRA.

EPIIYDRA, Fal. ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Bouche; Hal. A. N. H. hi. 510 (1839).

Caput depressum ; facie porrecta fomicata villosa. Peristoma margine
pectin at um. Menturn canaliculatum, labella in quiete retrocuspidata ex-
cipiens. Antenna? articulo tertio conico ; arista basi villosa. Ungues
subrecti. Onychia obsoleta.

Head depressed. Face porrect, arched, hairy. Peristoma pectinated
on the border. Mentum channelled, receiving the backward-pointed la-
bella while in repose. Third joint of the antenna conical. Arista hairy
at the base. Ungues almost straight. Onychia obsolete.

The singular larvae of this group are figured by Bouche fNa-
turgeschichte der Insckten). The posterior spiracles are placed
each at the extremity of a slender conical shaft, springing from a
common stem, and with it longer than the rest of the body.

34. riparia, Pal. Act. Holm. 1813. 255. 3. 1 (1813) ; Meig.; Mcq.;
Hal. ; Zett.- — salinarum, Bouche, Naturg. i. 99. pi. 6. f. 13, 14, larva
ct pupa. Obscure rcnea, facie alba aut flavicante, arista villosa, alis
fuscanis, tibiis tarsisqtie basi testaceis. Var. /3. Thorace ferruginoso.
Yar. y. Pedibus nigris. Long. If ; alar. 4 lin.

Dull ceneous. Face white or yellowish. Arista hairy. Wings brownish.
Tibiae and tarsi testaceous at the base. Yar. /3. Thorax rather ferru-
ginous. Yar. y. Legs black.

Common. (E. I.)

35. micans, Hal. E. M. I. 175 (1834). Obscure viridis, facie alba
autjlavicante, arista nomdsi basi pubescente, alis fuscanis, pedibus nigris.
Long. If ; alar. 4 lin.

Dull green. Face white or yellowish. Arista pubescent only at the
base. Wings brownish. Legs black.

This may be a mere variety of E. riparia ; as such Fallen has
considered it. (E. I.)

Subgenus 11. CANACE.

CAXACE, Hal. A. N. H. hi. 411 (1839).

Caput depressum. Fades transversa, perpendicular is, subimpressa, late-
ribns c'diata ; clypeus exsertus. Peristoma magnum. Oculi elliptici,
transversi. Arista pubescens. Areolce prcebracltialis et analis parv<z,
complete. Abdomen conicum, 1-ammlatum, segmento secundo maxima.

(ESTRUS. 269

Head depressed. Face transverse, vertical, slightly impressed, ciliated
on each side; clypeus projecting. Peristoma large. Eyes elliptical,
transverse. Arista pubescent. Prabrachial and anal areolets small,
complete. Abdomen conical, with seven segments; second segment very
large.

36. nasica, Hal. A. N. H. iii. 411 (1839). Cinerea, fronte tho-
raceque ferruginosis, facie albicla, tarsis basi ferrugineis. Long. 1| ;
alar. 2i lin.

Grey. Front and thorax somewhat ferruginous. Face whitish.
Tarsi ferruginous at the base.

Rare. In Mr. Halida/s collection. (E.)

FAMILY XXVIII. (ESTBJD.E.

(ESTRID;E, Leach, (Estrid. Ins. (1817) ; Curt. ; Steph. ; Westw. (Es-
tracidcB, Meig. Automata, Dumeril. (Estrides, Blanch.

Caput sat magnum. Proboscis obsoleta. Alee completes. Vena cubitalis

simplex. Halteres manifesti.

Head pretty large. Proboscis obsolete. Wings complete ; cubital vein
simple. Halteres uncovered.

The flies of this family are usually called Bots; they deposit
their eggs on cattle, and their larvse are nourished in the bodies
of these animals.

very lar°-e Pne- OoininS the tiP of the cubital . 1. CESTRUS.
Alulae 5 brachial vein ( joining the cubital before itg tip 2. CEPHALEMYIA.

^•very small . • 3. GASTEROPHILUS.

Genus I. CESTRUS.

(ESTRUS p., L. ; F. ; Schr. ; Gmel. ; Latr. ; Lea. ; Clark, L. T. ; Fal. ;
Meig. ; Mcq. Hypoderma, Clark, (Estr. ; Mcq. ; Guer. (Edemagena,
Clark, (Estr. ; Mcq. ; Guer. ; Blanch. Cephonemyia, Mcq.

Corpus sublineare, pilosum. Caput thorace paullo angustius. Frons
magna, antice latior. Facies brevis, lata, concava, carinata. An-
tenna3 brevissimaB. Alee mediocres ; vena costalis ala multo brevior ;
prtebrachialis cubitali ad apicem juncta ; discalis transversa undulata.
Alulte maxima. Abdomen ovatum, thorace sequale, subtus concavum
et retractum. Pedes sat longi et validi; ungues et onychia sub-
elongata.

270 (ESTBID^E.

Body subfusiform, pilose. Head a little narrower than the thorax.
Vertex moderately broad. Front large, widening towards the face.
Eace short, broad, concave, with a middle ridge. Eyes of moderate
size, nearly elliptical, rather prominent. Antennae extremely short,
partly concealed by scale-like processes above them ; first and second
joints very minute ; third round ; fourth and fifth obsolete ; sixth stout,
bare. Thorax much longer than broad, with a very slight transverse
furrow ; scutellum very short. Wings rugulose, of moderate length ;
costal vein ending at a very short distance in front of the tip of the
wing ; subcostal ending at a little beyond half the length ; mediastinal
ending at before two-thirds of the length ; radial ending at about five-
sixths of the length ; cubital ending at the tip of the costal ; prcebra-
cJdal forming a very obtuse angle at its junction with the discal trans-
verse, very slightly curved inward from thence to its tip, which joins the
tip of the cubital; pobrachial inclined towards the hind border; discal
transverse undulating, parted by nearly its length from the border, and
by very much more than its length from the praebrachial transverse.
Alula very large. Halteres concealed by the alulae. Abdomen oval,
as broad and as long as the thorax, concave and retracted beneath.
Legs hairy, rather long and stout. Ungues and onychia rather long.

1. Bovis, F. E. S. iv. 231. 3 (1792) ; Fischer ; Schr. ; Latr. ; Lea. ;
Clark; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Guer. — hamorrhoidalis, L. — Var. Ericetorum,
Lea. ; Curt. Nigro-fusca, capite flavo-albido hirto subtus testaceo,
facie antennisque nigris, thorace testaceo-hirto, alis subcinereo-hyalinis,
abdomine nigro-hirto basi testaceo-hirto apice luteo-hirto, pedibus ful-
vis, femoribus piceis. Long. 5-6 ; alar. 9-11 lin.

Body blackish-brown. Head clothed with yellowish-white hairs,
pale-brown above, testaceous in front and beneath. Face on each side
of the middle ridge and antenna black. Processes above the antennae
ferruginous. Thorax with four interrupted longitudinal ridges, clothed
with testaceous hairs. Wings greyish-hyaline; veins and halteres
brown. Alulae white. Abdomen clothed with black hairs in the mid-
dle, towards the base with testaceous hairs, and at the tip with orange
hairs. Legs tawny ; coxae black ; femora mostly piceous ; tibiae with
piceous stripes.

" The tip of the abdomen of the female is furnished with a tube
of a corneous substance, consisting of four pieces, which are re-
tractile within each other. The last of these terminates in five
points, three of which are longer than the others, and hooked;
when united together they form an instrument very much like an
auger or gimlet. Lays its eggs on the hides of oxen, which, as
soon as they are aware of the presence of the fly, the whole terri-
fied herd, with their tails in the air, or turned upon their backs,
or stiffly stretched out in the direction of the spine, gallop about
their pastures, making the country re-echo with their lowings, and

CEPHALEMYIA. 271

finding no rest till they get into the water. The only communi-
cation which this grub has with the atmosphere is at its anal ex-
tremity, and therefore it has no respiratory organs at the anterior
extremity. Each plate at the other end is separated by a curved
line into two unequal portions, the smallest of which is contiguous
to the convex belly, and the largest to the concave back of the
animal. This last is distinguished by two hard brown kidney-
shaped pieces, a little elevated, with the concave sides turned to-
wards each other ; in this sinus is a single small white spot, which
appears to be a spiracle ; in the smallest portion are eight minute
circular orifices arranged in a line. Bracy Clark thinks that he
has discovered spiracles in this larva in the usual situation, but
Kirby believes that they are analogous to the spiraculiform tuber-
cles of (E. Oms." Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

Genus II. CEPHALEMYIA.

CEPHALEMYIA, Clark, (Estrid. (1815); Mcq. ; Westw. ; Blanch.
(Estrus p., L. ; F. ; Schr. ; Hbst. ; Gmel. ; Don. ; Clark, L. T. ; Lea. ;
Latr. ; Fal.; Meig.

Corpus sublineare, pubescens. Caput et thorax tuberculata. Caput
magnum, subtus tumidum, thorace vix angustius. Frons magna,
antice latior. Fades parva^ concava, antice angustior. Antenna
brevissimse. Alee sat breves ; vena costalis ala rnulto brevior ; pra-
brachialis cubitali ante ejus apicem juncta ; discalis transversa obliqua,
undulata. Alula maxima!. Abdomen subovatum, thorace paullo an-
gustius, D on longius. Fed es breves, tenues ; unguesetonychiaminuta.
Body nearly linear, pubescent. Head and thorax tuberculate. Head
large, tumid beneath, nearly as broad as the thorax. Vertex broad.
Front large, widening towards the face. Face small, concave, narrow in
front, with a row of short transverse furrows. Gena3 broad. Eyes of
moderate size, nearly elliptical. Antennae extremely short, seated in
the cavity of the face ; first and second joints very minute ; third round ;
fourth and fifth obsolete ; sixth setiform, stout, bare, thickened towards
the base. Thorax much longer than broad, with a slight transverse
furrow ; scutellum semicircular. Wings rather short ; costal vein end-
ing at some distance in front of the tip of the wing ; subcostal ending
at beyond half the length ; mediastinal ending at a little before two-
thirds of the length ; radial ending at beyond five-sixths of the length ;
cubital ending at the tip of the costal ; prtebrachial undulating and in-
clined upward shortly after its junction with the discal transverse, and
united to tlie cubital at a short distance from the tip of the latter ; pobra-
chial curved towards the hind border; discal transverse undulating,

272 (ESTRIDjE.

oblique, parted by a little less than its length from the border, and by
a little more than its length from the prsebrachial transverse. Alula
very large. Halteres concealed by the alulas. Abdomen nearly oval, a
little narrower but not longer than the thorax ; dorsal segments extend-
ing beneath, where they are slightly retracted towards the base ; ventral
segments very small. Legs rather short and slender; ungues and
onychia small.

1. Ovis, L. Fn. 1734 (1761); F. ; Schr. ; Gmel. ; Lea.; Latr. ;
Clark ; Fal. ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett. Fusca, nigro-tuberculata, capite
subtus antennisque testaceis, harum articulo tertio pectoreque nigris,
halteribus albidis, abdomine nigro argenteo-tessellato, pedibus fulvis.
Long. 5 ; alar. 10 lin.

Head and thorax pale brown above, with numerous minute black tuber-
cles. Head testaceous in front and beneath. Antennaa testaceous ;
third joint black above. Pectus black, clothed with pale hairs. Wings
quite limpid, rugulose ; veins testaceous. Halteres whitish. Abdomen
black or dark brown, tessellated with silvery- white tomentum. Legs
pale tawny.

" Infests sheep, and lays its eggs on the inner margin of the
nostrils, from whence the maggots make their way into the head,
feeding in the maxillary and frontal sinuses on the mucilage there
produced. When full grown, they fall through the nostrils to
the ground, and become pupse. Sometimes the maggots make
their way even into the brain, and occasion the death of the animal.
In order to prevent the gad-fly from getting at their nostrils, the
sheep shake their heads and strike the ground violently with their
fore feet ; or run away, and, getting into ruts, dry dusty spots, or
gravel-pits, crowd together and hold their noses close to the
ground. The anal plates are surmounted by a central boss, which
is a valve that closes the respiratory orifices." Generally distri-
buted. (E. S. I.)

2. picta, Meg.; Meig. Zw. iv. 172. 8 (1824); Curt.! B. E. iii.
106. Argenteo-cinerea, nigro-hirta, capite tessellato, fronte scutelloque
castaneis, facie antennisque ferrugineis, thorace abdomineque nigro-
variis, alis limpidis basi flavescentibus, pedibus ferrugineis, femoribus
nigro-variis. Long. 5 ; alar. 10 lin.

Body grey, silvery, clothed with black hairs. Region of the ocelli and
hind part of the head tessellated with grey. Front castaneous, with
grey glance. Face pale ferruginous, with a hoary tinge. Eyes fer-
ruginous. Antennae pale ferruginous, with a hoary tinge. Thorax
adorned with black spots and stripes. Scutellum castaneous. Wings
colourless, yellowish towards the base ; veins brown. AlulaB brown.
Abdomen silvery, variegated with black. Legs ferruginous ; thighs
partly black and grey beneath.

GASTEROPHILUS. 2?3

" This is supposed to be one of the two species of gad-fly which
infest fallow-deer. One of these deposits its eggs in an orifice it
makes in the skin of the animal, and so produces tumours ; the
other lays its eggs in such a manner that its larvae, when hatched,
can make their way into the head, where they take their station
in a cavity near the pharynx. There are two fleshy bags as big
as a hen's egg, and of a similar shape, near the root of the tongue
of the deer; these are inhabited by the larvae in considerable
numbers, and between sixty and seventy bots have been taken
from one of them. The larvae have been found in England in
deer that had been killed for venison ; they were stationed in the
throat, just at the commencement of the oesophagus. They much
resemble the larvae of (Estrus Ovis, but are proportionately longer
and less angular." Very rare. (E.)

Genus III. GASTEROPHILUS.

GASTEROPHILUS, Lea. (Estrid. Ins. (1817); Zett. (Estrus p., L. ;
D. G.; F. ; Hbst. ; Schr. ; Gmel. ;. Clark ; Fal. ; Latr. ; Mcq. ;
Guer. ; Westw. Gastrus, Meig.

Corpus sublineare, hirtum. Caput breve, thorace angustius. Frons
magna, antice latior. Fades parva, concava. Antennae brevissimae.
Ala medicares; vena costalis ala multo brevior; prabrachialis ad
marginem posticum terminata ; discalis transversa fere recta, subob-
liqua. Alula minima. Abdomen subtus recurvum, thorace longius.
Pedes mediocres ; ungues et onychia sat longa.
Body nearly linear, hairy. Head short, narrower than the thorax.
Interfrontalia large, triangular. Front broad, widening towards the
fore border, which is concave. Face small, concave. Genre large.
Eyes of moderate size, rather narrow, nearly elliptical. Antenna very
short, seated in the cavity of the face ; first and second joints very mi-
nute ; third round ; fourth and fifth obsolete ; sixth setiform, slender,
bare. Thorax not longer than broad, with a slight transverse furrow ;
scutellum small, nearly semicircular. Wings moderately long, slightly
rugulose ; costal vein ending at some distance in front of the tip of the
wing; subcostal ending at much before half the length; mediastinal
ending at before two-thirds of the length ; radial ending at about five-
sixths of the length ; cubital ending at the tip of the costal ; prcebra-
chial nearly straight, slightly inclined hindward, and ending on the hind
border at some distance from the tip; pobrachial and anal curved to-
wards the hind border ; discal transverse nearly straight, slightly ob-
lique, parted by nearly four times its length from the border. Alula
very small. Halteres uncovered. Abdomen as broad as the thorax,

VOL. II. 2 N

274 (ESTRID^E.

and more or less longer, recurved beneath ; ventral segments nearly as
broad as the dorsal. Legs of moderate length and thickness ; femora
hairy; tibiae and tarsi pubescent; ungues and onychia rather long.
Male. Discal transverse vein in a line with the praebrachial transverse.
Fern. Discal transverse vein parted by less than half its length from the
pra3brachial transverse. Tip of the abdomen attenuated, recurved, and
applied to the underside when at rest.

1. Equi, F. S. A. 228. 4 (1792); Fischer; Lea, ; Latr. ; Clark;
Fal. ; Meig.; Mcq. ; Zett. ; Guer.— Boms, L. ; F. Sp. I.; Hbst. ;
Schr. — intestinalis, D. G. — vituli, F. E. S. — hcemorrhoidalis, Gmel.
Piceo-fulvus vel piceus, testaceo vel fuscescente hirtus, antennis piceis,
alls albidis cinereo-bifasciatis, halteribus pedibusque testaceis, tibiis apice
tarsisque nonnunquam piceis. Long. 5-8 ; alar. 11-12 lin.

Body tawny, clothed with testaceous hairs. Head testaceous be-
neath. Antenna3 piceous. Disc of the thorax piceous. Wings dingy
whitish ; a transverse band beyond the middle and tips grey ; veins and
halteres testaceous. Legs testaceous. Male. Discal transverse vein in
a line with the prsebrachial transverse. Fern. Discal transverse vein
parted by less than half its length from the prasbrachial transverse.
Abdomen black towards the tip. Var. /3. Abdomen ferruginous ; sides
partly piceous. Var. y. Body piceous, clothed with brownish hairs.
Tarsi and tips of the tibiaa piceous.

" Deposits its eggs on the hairs of such parts of the body as
tbe horse can reach with its tongue, and the eggs are thus con-
veyed into the stomach. Tbe larva has no communication at all
with the external air, breathing that which is received into the
stomach, and has respiratory plates at both ends of the body. It
has eight longitudinal tracheae, six arranged in a circle and two
minute ones, which appear to terminate in a pair of external
spiracles in the neck. The other (Estrida have only a pair of
tracheae." Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

2. hsemorrhoidalis, L. Fn. 1733 (1761) ; F. S. A. ; Fal. ; Clark ;
Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett. — Bovis, Gmel. — Equi var., F. E. S. Nigro-piceus,
testaceo-hirtus, capite fulvo, antennis piceo-ferrugineis, alis sordide hya-
linis, venis halteribusque testaceis, abdomine medio nigro-hirto apice
luteo-hirto, pedibus testaceis, femoribus piceo-vittatis. Long. 4^-5 ;
alar. 9-10 lin.

Body rather slender, piceous black, clothed with testaceous hairs.
Head tawny; vertex piceous. Antennae ferruginous, piceous above;
arista black. Scutellum ferruginous. Wings dingy hyaline ; veins and
halteres testaceous; discal transverse vein parted by more than its
length from the prabrachial transverse. Abdomen clothed with testa-
ceous hairs towards the base, with short black hairs in the middle, and
with orange hairs towards the tip. Legs testaceous ; femora with piceous
stripes. Yar. £. Abdomen tawny towards the base.

HYPOCERA. 275

Lays its eggs on the lips of horses, which, " at sight of this fly,
are always much agitated, tossing their heads about in the air to
drive it away ; and, if this does not answer, galloping off to a dis-
tant part of the pasture, and, as their last resource, taking refuge
in the water, where the gad-flies never follow them." Not com-
mon. (E.)

3. salutaris? Clark, (Estr. pi. 1. f. 35, 36 (1815); Meig.; Mcq.
—salutiferus, Clark, (Estr. Suppl.; Curt.! B. E. iii. 146. Nigra,
ochraceo-hirta, alis subfuscescentibus, basi et ad costam subflavescenti-
bus, abdomine nigro-hirto basi Jlavo-hirto apice ochraceo-hirto, pedibus
ferrugineis. Long. 4^-5; alar. 9-10 lin.

Body black, very pubescent, shining, punctured, brighter and more
robust in the male than in the female. Head clothed with short ochra-
ceous hair. Eyes dull castaneous. Thorax covered with orange down,
having at the base of each wing an orange spot, which is more distinct
in the male than in the female. Wings slightly brown, yellowish-brown
at the base and along the fore border ; costal vein brown ; the others
paler. Alulae opake-white. Abdomen black in the middle, clotJied with
pale-yellow hairs towards the base, and with orange hairs at the tip.
Legs reddish-brown, clothed with paler down.

Not common. (E.) The fly here described seems hardly dis-
tinct from the preceding species.

4. nasalis, L. Fn. 1732 (1761) ; D. G. ; F. Sp. I. ; Schr. ; Gmel. ;
Pz. ; Meig. ; Mcq. — Equi, F. E. S. — veterinus, F. S. A. ; Fal. ; Clark.
— Clarkii, Lea. ; Meig. Nigro-fusca, fulvo-hirta, capite fulvo subtus
testaceo, antennis pedibusque fulvis, alis sublimpidis, abdomine cano-
hirto, femoribus tibiisque ad partem nigris. Long. 4 ; alar. 8 lin.

Body blackish-brown. Head and thorax clothed with tawny hairs.
Head tawny, testaceous beneath. Antennas tawny. Wings nearly
limpid ; veins tawny. Abdomen clothed with hoary hairs. Legs tawny ;
femora and tibia? partly black.

Not common.

•tiy t
(E.)

HYPOCERA.

HYPOCERA, Latr. ; Mcq. Trineurce, Meig. Trineurides, Zett. Pho-
rites, Blanch.

Mandibulce et maxilla obsolete. Palpi porrecti, exartivulati. Antenna
prope epistoma, articulo uno insigniore et arista. A?& venis anteriori-

276 PHORID.E.

bus validis, cum costali circa medium costa desinentibus ; posterioribus

subtilissimis, simplicibus, disjunctis. Coxa et femora crassa, compressa.

Mandibles and maxillae obsolete. Palpi porrect, not jointed. Antenna

seated near the epistoma, with the third joint conspicuous, and with an

arista. Wrings with the fore veins stout, ceasing with the costal vein

about the middle of the costa ; hind veins very slender, simple, disjoined.

Coxa and femora thick, compressed.

FAMILY XXIX. PHOEID.E.

PHORIDJE, Hal. D. B. I. 9 (1851).

This family has been divided into the four following genera : —
Phora, Conicera, Metopina, and Gymnophora ; the three latter are
here reunited to Phora. Conicera is distinguished by the arista
of the male, which is vertical and thick towards the base, Meto-
pina by its much compressed thorax, and Gymnophora by the bare
costal vein.

Genus I. PHORA.

PHORA, Latr. H. N. I. (1796) ; Steph. ; Curt.; Westw.; Zett. Tri-
neura et Conicera, Meig. Phora, Gymnophora et Metopina, Mcq.
Phora, Gymnophora et Conicera, Blanch.

Corpus subcompressum, parvum aut minimum. Caput et thorax con-
vexa, subsetosa. Frons sat lata. Pacies subconcava. Oculi me-
diocres, oblongi, nudi. Ocelli tres. Proboscis brevis. Palpi longi,
validi, setosi. Antennae brevissimse ; articulus tertius rotundus ;
arista longa, nuda, setiformis. Thorax brevi-ellipticus. Ala3 corpore
sa3pissime paullo longiores ; vena costalis plerumque ciliata. Abdo-
men thorace longius, apicem versus in foemina pra3sertim attenuatum ;
segmenta longitudine subsequalia. Pedes postici longi ; femora com-
pressa ; ungues et onychia minuta.

Body compressed, small or very minute, slightly shining or dull, with
a few bristles. Head and thorax convex. Head vertical. Front rather
broad. Face slightly concave. Eyes bare, oblong, of moderate size,
convex, not prominent. Ocelli three, on the vertex. Proboscis short.
Palpi long, stout, bristly. Antenna? very short ; first and second joints
extremely small ; third round ; fourth and fifth obsolete ; sixth long,
bare, setiform. Thorax short-elliptical ; disc bare. Wings generally a
little longer than the body, moderately broad, concave on the hind
border at the base ; costal vein ending before or a little beyond half
the length of the wing, generally ciliated ; subcostal vein rudimentary ;
mediastinal vein distinct ; radial vein more or less united with the cu-
bital ; cubital vein ending at the tip of the costal ; prasbrachial, pobra-

PHORA. 277

chial, anal, and axillary veins represented by four veinlets ; first spring-
ing from near the tip of the cubital, slightly curved ; second springing
from about the middle of the cubital ; third springing from the basal
areolet ; fourth near the hind border. Halteres small. Abdomen ge-
nerally narrower and longer than the thorax, attenuated towards the
tip, especially in the female ; segments nearly equal in length. Legs
rather long, especially the hind pair, with a few bristles ; femora com-
pressed ; tibiae a little shorter than the femora ; tarsi a little longer
than the femora ; ungues and onychia minute.

The Phom in the larva state generally feed on decayed vege-
table substances, and the species may be distinguished by the
variations in the wing-veins of the flies.
a. Costal vein ciliated.

b. Thorax hardly compressed.

c. Radial vein emerging from near the tip of the cubital.
d. Costal vein ending at beyond half the length of the wing.
e. Costal vein ending at much beyond half the length of the
wing, emitting a veinlet which extends to full seven-eighths
of the length ; mediastinal ending at a little beyond half
of the length of the costal. First veinlet much curved
near the base, straight and nearly parallel to the fore bor-
der from thence to the tip, which ends at the tip of the
wing ; second, third, and fourth nearly straight. Sp. 1, 2.
e e. Costal vein ending at beyond hah0 the length of the wing,
emitting a veinlet which extends beyond five-sixths of the
length ; mediastinal vein ending at very little beyond two-
thirds of the length of the costal. First veinlet undulating,
ending at some little distance in front of the tip of the
wing; second and third nearly straight. Species 3.
e e e. Costal vein ending at a little beyond half the length of
the wing, emitting a veinlet which extends to about five-
sixths of the length ; mediastinal vein at a little beyond
half of the length of the costal. First veinlet very slightly
curved near the base, straight from thence to the tip, which
ends at very little in front of the tip of the wing ; second
and third slightly undulating. Species 4, 5.
e e e e. Costal vein ending at very little beyond half the length
of the wing, emitting a veiulet to beyond five-sixths of the
length ; mediastinal vein ending at beyond two-thirds of
the length of the costal. First veinlet undulating, ending
at very little in front of the tip of the wing ; second and
third nearly straight. Species 6.

e e e e e. Costal vein ending at very little beyond half the
length of the wing, emitting a veinlet which extends to
about five-sixths of the length ; mediastiual vein ending at
much beyond half the length of the costal. First veinlet

278 PHORID^J.

slightly curved near the base, straight from thence to the
tip, which is very little in front of the tip of the wing ;
second, third, and fourth nearly straight. Species 7.
d d. Costal vein ending at or before half the length of the wing.
e. Costal vein ending at half the length of the wing, emitting
a veinlet which extends to about five-sixths of the length ;
mediastinal vein ending at much beyond half the length of
the costal. First veinlet slightly curved near the base,
straight from thence to the tip, which is hardly in front of
the tip of the wing; second, third, and fourth nearly
straight. Species 8.

e e. Costal vein ending at half the length of the wing, emit-
ting a veinlet which extends to about seven-eighths of the
length ; mediastinal vein ending at very little beyond half
the length of the costal. First veinlet slightly curved in-
ward near the base, nearly straight from thence to the tip,
which is very little in front of the tip of the wing ; second,
third, and fourth very slightly undulating. Species 9.
e e e. Costal vein ending at half the length of the wing, emit-
ting a veinlet which extends to three-fourths of the length ;
mediastinal vein ending at beyond half the length of the
costal. First veinlet very slightly curved along the whole
length, ending at some distance in front of the tip of the
wing ; second, third, and fourth nearly straight. Sp. 10.
e e e e. Costal vein ending at hardly half the length of the
wing, emitting a veinlet to beyond three-fourths of the
length ; mediastinal vein ending at about five-sixths of the
length of the costal. First veinlet almost straight, ending
at some little distance in front of the tip of the wing;
second, third, and fourth nearly straight. Species 11.
e e e e e. Costal vein ending at a little before half the length
of the wing, emitting a veinlet which extends to about five-
sixths of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at full two-
thirds of the length of the costal. First veinlet very
slightly curved inward along the whole length, ending at
very little in front of the tip of the wing ; second, third,
and fourth nearly straight. Species 12.
c c. Radial vein wholly united with the cubital.

d. Costal vein ending at much before half the length of the
wing, emitting a veinlet which extends to four-fifths of the
length ; mediastinal vein ending at before two-thirds of the
length of the costal. First veinlet much curved near the
base, nearly straight and parallel to the fore border from
thence to the tip, which ends at a little in front of the tip
of the wing ; second, third, and fourth nearly straight. Spe-
cies 13.

PHORA. 279

d d. Costal vein ending at about half the length of the wing,
emitting an indistinct veinlet to about five-sixths of the
length ; mediastinal ending at before half the length of the
costal. First veinlet very slightly curved, ending at the tip
of the wing; second and third straight. Species 14.
d d d. Costal vein ending before half the length of the wing,
emitting no visible veinlet ; mediastinal vein ending at beyond
two-thirds of the length of the costal. Yeinlets very indis-
tinct or obsolete. — Conicera, Meig. Species 15, 16.
b b. Thorax very much compressed. — Metopina, Mcq. Species 17.
a a. Costal vein not ciliated. — Gymnophora, Mcq.; Meig. Zw. vii. ;
Zett. Species 18.

1. maculata, Meig. Zw. vi. 214. 7 (1830); Zett. — vulgaris var.,
Fal. Nigra, palpis antennis halteribus testaceis, alis subfuscescentibus,
macula subcostali fusca, abdominis segmentis pallide marginatis apice
fulvo, pedibus ferrugineis. Long. 2£ ; alar. 4£ lin.

Black, dull. Palpi, antennae, and halteres testaceous. Wings pale-
brownish ; veins darker ; a brown spot at the tip of the cubital vein.
Hind borders of the abdominal segments pale ; tip tawny. Legs fer-
ruginous.

Not common. (E.)

2. thoracica, Fal. Phytomyz. 6. 3 (1823); Latr.; Meig.; Mcq.;
Zett. Nigra, palpis antennis pedibusque testaceis, thorace rufo, alis
limpidis apice fuscis, halteribus albidis, tarsis posticis subfuscis. Long.
2^ ; alar. 5 lin.

Black, dull. Palpi, antennae, and legs testaceous or pale-tawny.
Thorax red. Wings limpid, brown towards the tips ; veins tawny.
Halteres whitish. Hind tibias rather bristly ; hind tarsi brownish.

Rare. (E.)

3. abdominalis, Fal. Phytomyz. 5. 2 (1823) ; Meig. ; Zett. Ni-
gra, palpis antennis abdomineque luteis, alis vix subluridis, pedibus
piceis, anticis fulvis. Long. 1^-2 ; alar. 3|-4 lin.

Black. Head very bristly. Palpi and antennae luteous. Wings with
an extremely slight lurid tinge ; veins tawny. Halteres brown. Ab-
domen luteous, piceous at the base. Legs piceous, rather bristly ; fore
legs tawny.

Bare. (E. S.)

4. dimidiata, Meig. Zw. vi. 215. 9 (1830); Zett.— thoracica var.,
Fal. Nigra, palpis halteribus pedibusque testaceis, antennis fulvis, alis
luridis apice obscurioribus, tarsis fuscis. Long. 1-1^ ; alar. 2-2^ lin.

Black. Palpi, halteres, and legs testaceous. Antenna3 tawny. Tho-
rax ferruginous-piceous. Wings lurid, darker towards the tips ; veins
brown. Legs slender ; tarsi brown.

Not rare. (E.)

280 PHORID.E.

5. fuscipes, Mcq. H. N. D. ii. 627. 10 (1835); Meig. ; Hardy;
Zett. Nigra, obscura, alls limpidis, pedibus piceis validis, tibiis auticis
ferrugineis ; Mas, abdominis apice nitente. Long, li-li ; alar. 2^-3
lin.

Black, dull. Wings limpid; veins blackish, strongly marked. Legs
piceous, stout ; fore tibiae ferruginous, unarmed ; middle tibiae with two
apical spurs ; hind tibise with three apical spurs ; hind metatarsus
rather broad. Male. Abdomen shining towards the tip.

Not rare in woods during the spring. (E. S.)

6. florea, F. E. S. iv. 255. 8 (1792) ; Meig.; Mcq. Nigra, pal-
pis antennisque fulvis, alis sordide hyalinis, halteribus albidis apice
fuscis, pedibus piceis, anticis testaceis. Long, li-lf ; alar. 2^-3 lin.

Black. Palpi and antennas tawny. Wings dingy hyaline; veins
brown. Halteres whitish, with brown tips. Legs piceous ; fore legs
testaceous.

Not rare. (E.)

7. crassicornis, Meig. Zw. vi. 220. 26 (1830); Mcq.; Zett.
Nigra, antennarum articulo tertio magno, alis sordide hyalinis, pedibus
piceis, tibiis anticis fulvis. Long, li; alar. 3 lin.

Black. Third joint of the antennae large. Wings dingy hyaline.
Legs piceous ; fore tibiae tawny.
Not common. (E.)

8. rufipes, F. S. A. 336. 1 (1804); Meig.; Mcq.; Zett.— pal-
lipes, Latr. ; Leon Duf. — vulgaris ex parte, Fal. — Var. annulata, Meig. ;
Mcq. Nigro-picea, palpis halteribus pedibusque testaceis, alis subfla-
vescente-hyalinis, abdominis segmentorum marginibus posticis testaceis.
Long, f-li; alar, 1^-3 lin.

Piceous-black. Palpi, halteres, and legs testaceous. Wings hyaline,
with a very slight yellowish tinge. Hind borders of the abdominal
segments occasionally testaceous.

Very abundant. (E. S. I.)

9. flava, Fal. Phytomyz. 7. 8 (1823) ; Meig. ; Zett.— lutea ? Meig. ;
Mcq. ; Zett.—interrupta ? Zett.—fasciata ? Fal. ; Meig. ; Zett. Lutea,
vertice abdomineque fasciis integris vel interrupts nonnunquam piceis,
alis subflavescente hyalinis, halteribus pedibusque testaceis. Long. 1-
2 ; alar. lfc-3 lin.

Luteous. Vertex generally piceous. Wings with a very slight yel-
lowish tinge. Abdomen occasionally with entire or interrupted piceous
bands. Halteres and legs testaceous.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

10. gracilipes, Meig. Zw. vi. 216. 13 (1830). Nigra, alis sub-
fuscis, venis nigricantibus, halteribus pedibusque piceis, tibiis tarsisque
anterioribus' fulvis. Long, li; alar. 2| lin.

PHORA. 281

Black. Wings brownish ; veins blackish. Halteres and legs piceous ;
anterior tibia? and tarsi tawny.
Not common. (E.)

11. funebris, Meig. Zw. vi. 221. 30 (1830). Atra, palpis an-
tennis halterib usque piceis, alis subfuscis, pedibus nigris, tarsis anticis
basi genubusque fulvis. Long. If ; alar. 3^- lin.

Deep-black. Palpi and antennas piceous. Wings brownish ; veins
darker. Legs black ; fore tarsi at the base and knees tawny.
Not common. (E.)

12. pumila, Meig. Zw. vi. 218. 20 (1830); Zett.? Nigra, ob-
scura, palpis venisque fulvis, antennis pedibusque piceis, alis limpidis,
halteribus testaceis, pedibus anticis fulvis. Long. f-H; alar. 1-2 lin.

Black, dull. Antennae piceous. Palpi tawny. Wings limpid ; veins
tawny. Halteres testaceous. Legs piceous ; fore legs tawny.
Not rare. (E.)

13. incrassata, Meig. Zw. vi. ?12. 1 (1830); Mcq. ; Zett.—
mordellaria var., Fal. Nigra, obscura, robusta, antennis ferrugineis,
alis subluridis, halteribus fulvis, abdominis segmento primo albido-mar-
ginato, femoribus incrassatis, pedibus anticis ferrugineis. Long. 1^ ;
alar. 3£ lin.

Black, dull, rather broad. Antennae ferruginous. Wings slightly
lurid ; veins tawny ; costal vein and tip of the cubital black. Halteres
tawny. Abdomen short ; first segment with a whitish border. Legs
bristly ; femora very stout ; fore legs mostly ferruginous.

Not common. (E.)

14. aterrima, F. E. S. iv. 334. 93 (1792) ; Latr. ; Coq. ; Meig. ;
Zw. ; Mcq. ; Zett. ; Geoff. ; Schell.— atra, Meig. Kl. ; Fal. Aterrima,
brevis, alis albis limpidis, venis nigris, pedibus validis. Long. 1-1 £ ;
alar. 1|— 2 lin.

Deep black. Thorax and abdomen without hairs and bristles.
Wings white, limpid ; veins black ; vemlets pale. Legs rather stout,
with a few bristles.

Common. (E. S. I.)

15. atra, Meig. Zw. vi. 226. 1 (1830); Mcq. — Dauci, Meig.
Nigra, brevis, subsetosa, alis limpidissimis, pedibus nigro-piceis, tibiis
anticis ferrugineis ; Mas, arista elevata basi incrassata. Long. 1 ; alar.
H Hn.

Black, short, slightly bristly. Wings quite limpid, veins blackish.
Legs piceous-black ; fore tibiae ferruginous. Male. Arista vertical and
incrassated towards the base.

Common. (E. S. I.)

16. similis, Hal. E. M. I. 179 (1833). Nigra, tibiis et tarsis an-
ticis testaceis, alis subhyalinis ; Mas, antennis conici? nsoendentibus.
Long. \ ; alar. 1 lin.

VOL. II. 2 O

282 EPROBOSCIDEA.

Black, half the size of P. Dauci, the antenna? shorter. Wings more
obscurely hyaline, with conspicuous veins, those of the costa thick and
bristly. Fore tibiae and fore tarsi testaceous.

Not common. (I.)

17. galatea, Hal. Ent. Mag. 1. 179 (1833); Mcq. Nigro-fusca,
antennis halteribus pedibusque fulvis, thorace gracillimo, alis vix fusces-
centibus. Long. ^— | ; alar. J— 1 lin.

Body long, slender, blackish-brown. Head compressed, with the
dilated front overhanging the eyes. Palpi pale, prominent, divaricate.
Antennas tawny. Arista ascending, plumose, thickened at the root.
Thorax very narrow. Wings slightly brownish or nearly limpid ; costa
pubescent ; veins brown ; costal vein ending at about half the length
of the wing ; mediastinal vein ending at about half the length of the
costal; veinlets indistinct. Halteres and legs tawny. Abdomen de-
pressed, very broad behind.

Not rare. (ILL)

18. arcuata, Meig. Zw. vi. 222. 33 (1830) ; Mcq.; Zett.—ntfipes,
Fal. — debilis, Hal. Nigro-fusca, gracilis, nuda, alis fuscis, halteribus
pedibusque fulvis. Long. 1-2 ; alar, lf-3^ lin.

Body blackish-brown, rather long and slender, almost without hairs
and bristles. Wings brown ; veins dark brown ; costal vein ending at
beyond half the length of the wing, emitting a veinlet which extends
to five-sixths of the length ; mediastinal vein ending at a little beyond
three-fourths of the length of the costal ; radial vein emerging from
near the tip of the cubital. First veinlet very slightly curved, ending
at far in front of the tip of the wing ; second, third, and fourth slightly
undulating. Halteres tawny. Legs slender, tawny, without hairs and
bristles.

Var. debilis, Hal. E. M. I. 179 (1833). Fusca, thorace cano-lineato,
alis et pedibus inermibus testaceis.

Brown. Thorax with hoary lines. Wings deep brown, with darker
veins, and hyaline streaks between.

Not rare. (E. I.)

EPROBOSCIDEA.

EPROBOSCIDEA, Hal. Ins. Brit. Dipt. 1. 6 (1851). Omaloptera, Leach.
Pupipara, Latr. ; Mcq. Coriacea, Meig. Homaloptera, Macleay ;
Steph. ; Curt. Thoracocephala, Westw. Ornithomyia, Blanch.

HIPPOBOSCID^E. 283

Labium tubulosum, superne Jissum, busi injlatum, lingua tenui inclusa et
labro incumbente inter palpos porrectos fere vaginatum. Antenna
forrolis immersa prope os. Ala et halteres saepius mutila vel nulla.
Abdomen coriaceum, vix insectum. Pedes dissiti sterno lato. Ungues
duplicati vel triplicati.

Palpi -extra fulcrum labii siti, nee cum eo exserendi. Oculi multiformes.
Thorax depressus. Prosternum ultra capitis insertionem porrectum.
Alae ubi completae fere ut in Brachyceris. Abdomen basi constrictura.
Ungues et onycbia imparia, utraque ex adverso, i.e. unguis major
ouychium minus subjectum habet et vice versa. Ungues ad scan-
sum apti.

Labium tubulose, cleft above, inflated at the base, and together with the
included slender tongue and with the incumbent labrum between the porrect
palpi almost forming a vagina. Antenna deep set in furrows near the
month. Wings and halteres most often imperfect, or none. Abdomen
coriaceous, hardly with incisnres. Legs parted by the broad sternum.
Ungues double or triple.

Palpi seated beyond the fulcrum of the labium, and not exserted with
it. Eyes of various form. Thorax depressed. Prosteraum extending
in front beyond the insertion of the head. Wings, when complete, al-
most like those of the Brachycera. Abdomen contracted at the base.
Ungues and oriychia unequal, that is, when the one are small the other
are large. Ungues formed for clinging.

These flies are parasites of Mammalia and birds,, and feed on
the substance at the roots of the hairs or of the feathers.

FAMILY XXX. HIPPOBOSCID^.

HIPPOBOSCID^E, Leach, Eprobosc. Ins. (1815) ; Curt. ; Steph. ; Westw.
Coriacea, Mcq. Ornithomyites, Blanch.

Caput pronum. Collum supra prosternum recumbens.

Head prone ; the neck lying on the prosternum.

" The species of this family pass their egg and larva state in
the body of the mother, and when born are pupae, or larvae just
ready to assume the pupa state, as is proved by their size, which
nearly equals that of the parent fly, by their slight motion when
first extruded, by spiraculiform points which run down each side
of them, and by their changing into perfect flies. Each female
produces only a single egg. The proboscis consists of a pair of
hairy coriaceous valves, which include a very slender rigid tube
or siphuncle, the instrument of suction, which is formed by the
union of two setiform pieces. Almost the whole of the wing is
occupied by the apical areolets, which in some instances are in-
complete/'

284

( distinct ... 1. HIPPOBOSCA.
f none. Discal trans- \

versevein(none 2. ORNITHOBIA.

^complete. j

three, Pnebraehial and C d°se ^^r ' 3' O™I™OMY,A.

L<lis<*l transverse veins ^..^ 4. H.EMOBOEA.

Wi,,gs

very narrow ............. 5. STKNOPTEUIX.

none ............... 6. MELOPHAGUS.

Genus I. HIPPOBOSCA.

HIPPOBOSCA p., L. Fn. 1921 (1761); D. G. ; E. ; Sclir. ; Rossi;
Panz. ; Latr. ; Fal. ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Curt.; Westw. ; Zett. ; Blanch.
Nirmomyia, Nitzsch.

Corpus mediocre, ovatum, depressura, coriaceum. Caput parvum.

Oculi magni, oblongi. Ocelli nulli. Os capitis dimidio brevius.

Thorax suturis duabus trans versis, antica interrupta, Sternum la-

turn. Alse completes, mediocres ; vena3 longitudinalis et transversse

distincta?. Halteres minuti. Abdomen pilosum, subpetiolatum ;

latera antice nmcronata. Pedes robusti. Ungues duo, longi, validi,

curvati. Onychia parva.

Body of middle size, oval, depressed, tough, coriaceous, shining,
slightly hairy and bristly. Head small, about half the breadth of the
thorax, circular, including the eyes. Vertex slightly raised. Front
and face flat ; front concave in front. Epistoma concave, bristly beneath.
Eyes large, oblong, slightly convex, bare, not prominent, with very small
facets. Ocelli none. Mouth less than half the length of the head.
Antennae extremely short; first and second joints indistinct; third
round ; arista setiform, bare, with only one visible joint. Thorax
rather broader than long, bare on the disc, slightly bristly on the sides,
with two transverse sutures ; one in front interrupted in the middle,
the second between the wings slightly curved. Sternum broad. Wings
of moderate size, rather stout ; costal vein ending at about three-fourths
of the length of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at a little before half
the length ; mediastinal vein ending at a little beyond half the length ;
radial vein ending at a little beyond the mediastinal; cubital vein
ending very near the tip of the costal ; prsebrachial vein obsolete
at a short distance beyond the praebrachial transverse vein; pobra-
chial vein much nearer to the fore border than to the hind border of
the wing, obsolete at a little beyond the discal transverse vein, which is
very oblique. Halteres minute. Abdomen hairy, compact, subpetio-
lated, with a process on each side in front ; sutures of the joints indis-
tinct. Legs rather short, very stout, slightly bristly, the four posterior
very wide apart ; tibia3 a little shorter than the femora ; tarsi but little
more than half the length of the tibise; ungues long, stout, curved,

ORNITHOBIA. 285

bicleiitute ; onychia small. Male. Abdomen nearly linear, shorter and
narrower than the thorax. Fern. Abdomen somewhat oval, longer and
broader than the thorax.

1. equina, L. Fn. 1921 (1761); D. G. ; F. ; Schr.; Rossi; Pz. ;
Latr. ; Nitzsch ; Fal. ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Curt. ! B. E. ix. pi. 421 ; Zett.
Nigra, capite thoraceque fulvo flavoque variis, alis sordide hyalinis,
pedibus fulvis, tibiis posterioribus et femoribus nigro-subfasciatis, un-
guibus nigris. Long. 3-3^ ; alar. 8 lin.

Black. Head tawny-yellow. Front black. Face pale-yellow. Eyes,
mouth, and antennae black. Thorax with a very large spot on each
side in front, and with the borders of the segments tawny-yellow ; three
pale-yellow spots forming an interrupted stripe on the disc, the third
more or less triangular on the scutellum. Pectus with slight transverse
furrows on each side. Wings somewhat dingy hyaline ; veins brown.
Abdomen clothed with pale hairs. Legs tawny ; femora and posterior
tibiae with imperfect black bauds ; ungues black.

Very abundant in the New Forest, Hampshire. (E.)

Genus II. ORNITHOBIA.

ORNITHOBIA, Meig. Zw. vi. 229 (1830).

Corpus parvum, subovatum, depressum, coriaceum. Caput mediocre,
thoracis dimidio paullo latius. Frons linearis, antice subconcava.
Facies subexcavata. Epistoma incisum. Ocelli nullL Os capitis
dimidio non longius. Antennae non ciliatae. Thorax longitucline
latius, suturis duabus transversis sulcoque uno longitudinali. Alas
completae, mediocres, venis distinctis, discali transversa nulla. Abdo-
men brevi-obconicnm, thorace paullo brevius. Pedes longitudine
mediocres. Ungues longi, validi, curvati, bidentati. Onychia parva.
Body of rather small size, nearly oval, depressed, tough, coriaceous,
shining, slightly hairy and bristly. Head of moderate size, a little
more than half the breadth of the thorax, a little broader than long,
bristly in front. Front linear, slightly concave in front. Face slightly
excavated. Epistoma deeply notched. Eyes large, oblong, slightly
convex, bare, not prominent, with very small facets. Ocelli none.
Mouth not more than half the length of the head. Antennae extremely
short ; first and second joints indistinct ; third round ; arista setiform,
bare, with only one visible joint. Thorax broader than long, bare on
the disc, slightly bristly on each side, with two transverse nearly straight
sutures, and with a very slight longitudinal furrow. Sternum broad.
Wings stout, of moderate size ; costal vein ending at about three-fourths
of the length of the wing ; subcostal vein ending at before one-third of
the length ; mediastinal vein ending before half the length ; radial vein
ending at much beyond half the length ; cubital vein ending at the tip

286 HIPPOBOSCID^.

of the costal ; praebrachial vein at about one-fourth of the breadth of
the wing from the fore border, parallel with the cubital as far as the
praebrachial transverse, more slight from thence to the hind border; no
discal transverse vein; pobrachial vein slight along the whole length
except near the base ; anal vein slight but distinct. Abdomen short-
obconical, slightly bristly at the tip, a little shorter than the thorax ;
sutures of the segments indistinct. Legs stout, almost bare, wide
apart, of moderate length ; tibiaB a little shorter than the femora ; tarsi
hardly more than half the length of the tibiae; ungues long, stout,
curved, bidentate ; onychia small.

1. pallida, Meig. Zw. vi. 230. 1. pi. 63. f. 21-24 (1830). Fulva,
capite testaceo-vario, thoracis disco fuscescente, margine postico testaceo,
alis cinereis. Long. 2-| ; alar. 6 lin.

Tawny, paler beneath. Head testaceous along the eyes and in front.
Eyes brown. Disc of the, thorax brownish; hind border testaceous.
Wings grey, hyaline ; veins dark brown. Ungues black.

Infests birds. Rare. (E.)

Genus III. ORNITHOMYIA.

ORNITHOMYIA, Olfers, Leach Eproboscid. Ins. (1815) ; Latr. ; Meig. ;
Westw. ; Mcq. ; Blanch. Hippobosca p., L. ; F. ; D. G. ; Schr. ;
Gmel. ; Fal. QrnytTiomyza, Zett.

Caput mediocre aut parvum, subellipticum, depressum, coriaceum. Ca-

put mediocre. Oculi magni, oblongi. Ocelli tres. Os capitis triente

brevius. Thorax longitudine latins, suturis duabus transversis. Alre

completse, longas, venis distinctis, transversis approximates. Abdomen

brevi-obconicum, thorace brevius. Pedes longitudine inediocres.

Ungues sat longi, curvati, tridentati. Onychia parva.

Body of middle or rather small size, subelliptical, depressed, tough,

coriaceous, shining, slightly hairy and bristly. Head of moderate size,

more than half the breadth of the thorax, broader than long, very bristly

in front. Front flat, concave in front, decreasing in breadth from the

vertex to the face, which is somewhat excavated. Epistoma concave.

Eyes large, oblong, slightly convex, bare, not prominent, with very

small facets. Ocelli three. Mouth less than one-third of the length

of the head. Antennae extremely short, ciliated ; first and second joints

indistinct; third round; arista setiform, bare, with only one visible

joint. Thorax broader than long, bare on the disc, slightly bristly on

the sides, with two transverse sutures, one in front, interrupted in the

middle, the second between the wings, slightly curved. Sternum broad.

Wings rather long and stout ; costal vein ending at beyond three-fourths

of the length of the wing ; subcostal and mediastinal veins ending near

together at before one-third of the length ; radial vein ending at before

H^EMOBORA. 28?

two-thirds of the length ; cubital vein ending at the tip of the costal ;
pnebrachial vein distinct to the border of the wing at some distance
behind the tip ; pobrachial vein somewhat nearer to the fore border
than to the hind border as far as the discal transverse vein, distinct
from thence to the border ; discal transverse vein slightly curved, nearly
upright, parted by less than half its length from t/te pr&brachial trans-
verse vein ; anal vein distinct to the border, with a transverse vein be-
tween it and the pobrachial. Halteres minute. Abdomen short-obco-
nical, not so long as the thorax ; segments with indistinct sutures above,
retracted beneath towards the base. Legs stout, slightly bristly, wide
apart, of moderate length ; tibiae shorter than the femora ; tarsi shorter
than the tibia? ; ungues moderately long, curved, tridentate ; onychia
small.

Infests birds.

1. avicularia, L. Fn. 1922 (1761) ; D. G. ; F. ; Schr. ; Gmel. ;
Eossi ; Leach ; Latr. ; Fal. ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett. — viridis, Leach ; Latr. ;
Meig. — viridula, Meig. — Fringillina, Cart. ! B. E. xiii. pi. 585. Fulvo-
viridis, fronte thoracisque dorso fulvis, oculis ore antennisque fuscis,
thoracis vitta dorsali testacea, alis subcinereo-hyalinis, unguibus nigris.
Long. 2-2^ ; alar. 6-7 lin.

Green, more or less varied with tawny, which colour chiefly prevails
on the front and on the thorax. Eyes, mouth, and antennas brown.
Thorax with a testaceous dorsal stripe. Wings greyish-hyaline ; veins
blackish. Ungues black.

Common. (E. S. I.)

Genus IV. HJEMOBORA.

ILEMOBORA, Curt. B. E. i. 14 (1824).

Caput transversum, subtrigonum. Oculi parvi. Ocelli tres. Thorax
capite paullo latior, subquadratus. Alae longae, vena distinctae,
transverse remote.

" Head broader than long, somewhat triangular. Eyes very remote,
small. Ocelli three, in a triangle, sunk in foveolce. Antennae inserted
close to the anterior angles of the clypeus, globular, hairy, sunk into
the head. Labrum horny, elongate, hollow, slightly arched, enclosing
the lingua. Lingua nearly as long as the. labrum, slender. Labium
horny, arched, hollow, enclosing the labrum and the lingua. Maxillae ?
rigid, obtuse, ciliated with strong hairs, united at their internal ridges,
bent downwards, including the proboscis, and extending beyond the
head like a beak. Mentum large, coriaceous, membranaceous, covering
and concealing the base of the proboscis. Thorax a little broader than
the head, nearly quadrate, dilated near the base of the wings, notched
in front. Scutellum broad and short. Wings very long, rounded ;

288

first marginal or mediastinal areolet extending to one-third of the length
of the wing ; second marginal areolet very long, rounded at the end ;
discal areolets united ; six obscure imperfect veins extending to the
posterior margin ; transverse veins far apart. Abdomen small, nearly
conical, pedunculated, coriaceous towards the base, spongy towards the
tip. Claws lengthened at their base on each side of the onychia." —
Curtis.

1. pallipes, Curt.! B. E. i. 14 (1824). Flavo-viridis, fusco-
nebulosa, pilis nonnullis rigidis vestita, oculis unguibusque nigris, alis
sublimpidis, costa subciliata, venis flavis. Long. 2 ; alar. 4 lin.

" Greenish-yellow, shining, clouded with brown, with strong hairs
scattered over the limbs and body. Eyes arid claws black. Thorax
beneath punctured and covered with short, strong, erect hairs. Wings
nearly transparent ; veins yellow, the costa slightly ciliated." — Curtis.

Very rare. (E.)

Genus V. STENOPTERYX.

STENOPTERYX, Leach, Eproboscid. Ins. (1815); Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett. ;
Blanch. Hippobosca p., L. ; F. ; Schr. ; Gmel. ; Fal. OrnitJwmyia
p., Latr. ; Nitzsch. Oxypterum, Kirby ; Westw. ; Blanch. Crate-
rina, Olfers ; Westw. Anapera, Meig.

Corpus parvum, subtrigonum, depressum, coriaceum.^ Caput mediocre,
thoracis antici dimidio latius. Frons lata, linearis, antice valde con-
cava. Facies excavata. Epistoma incisum. Os capitis quadrarii
longitudine. Thorax non bene determinatus, antice angustior et
concavus, sutura una transversa unaque longitudinaH. Scutellum
parvum. Alse iricompletae, plus minus ve acuminatse. Abdomen
subrotundum, apice truncatum, thorace latins. Ungues longi, validi,
curvati, tridentati. Mas. Ocelli tres. Alee longte, valde angmtce et
acuminatce. Fcem. Ocelli nulli. Ala breves, trigonce.
Body of rather small size, nearly triangular, depressed, tough, coria-
ceous, shining, slightly hairy and bristly. Head of moderate size, more
than half the breadth of the front of the thorax, longer than broad,
bristly in front. Front broad, flat, linear, very concave on the fore
border. Face somewhat excavated. Epistoma notched. Eyes of mo-
derate size, oblong, slightly convex, bare, not prominent. Ocelli three.
Mouth about one-fourth of the length of the head. Antennas like
tubercles, bristly. Thorax but little developed, narrower and concave
in front, slightly concave on each side, with two slight sutures, one
transverse, the other longitudinal. Scutellum small, convex in front.
Sternum broad. Wings incomplete, ciliated in front; costal vein more
than two-thirds of the length of the wing ; longitudinal veins crowded
together close to the costal. Abdomen hairy, nearly round, broader

MELOPHAGUS. 289

than the thorax, truncated at the tip ; sutures of the segments very indis-
tinct. Legs very stout, bristly, moderately long, wide apart. Tibiae a
little shorter than the femora ; tarsi much shorter than the tibia* ;
ungues long, stout, curved, tridentate ; onychia small. Male. Ocelli
three. Wings long, very narrow, acuminated. Abdomen a little longer
and broader than the thorax, much truncated in the middle at the tip.
Fern. Eyes smaller than those of the male. Ocelli none. Wings short,
triangular ; prsebrachial, pobrachial, and anal veins distinct to the bor-
der; discal transverse vein straight, oblique, parted by a little less
than its length from the praebrachial transverse.

1. Hirundinis, L. Fn. 1923 (1761); F.; Schr. ; Rossi; Fal.;
Leach ; Latr. ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; Zett. — Kirbyana, Leach ; Meig. ; Mcq.
Fulva aut testacea, alis sublimpidis, unguibus nigris. Long. 2-2£;
alar. 4^-5 lin.

Tawny or testaceous. Wings nearly limpid ; veins tawny. Abdomen
sometimes ferruginous. Ungues black.

Infests swallows. Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

Genus VI. MELOPHAGUS.

MELOPHAGUS, Latr. Gen. iv. 36 (1809) ; Leach ; Meig. ; Mcq. ;
Westw. ; Blanch. Hippobosca p., L. ; F. ; Schr. ; Gmel. ; Fal. ;
Pz. Pediculus p., Frisch. Melophila, Nitzsch. MelopJtaga, Zett.

Corpus parvum, depressum, coriaceum. Caput magnum, transversum,

thorace paullo latius, subtus trigonum. Frons antice tuberculata et

subconcava. Facies brevis. Epistoma subconvexum. Oculi parvi.

Ocelli nulli. Thorax parvus, sublinearis, tuberculatus. Ala nullee.

Abdomen subrotundum, thorace paullo longius et multo latius. Pedes

robusti. Ungues longi, validi, curvati, bidentati.

Body of small size, depressed, tough, coriaceous, shining, hairy and
bristly. Head large, a little broader than the thorax, broader than
long, triangular beneath. Front tuberculated and bristly in front,
where the border is very slightly concave. Face short. Epistoma
slightly convex. Eyes small, oblong, slightly convex, bare, not promi-
nent. Ocelli none. Mouth as long as the head. Antenna3 like
tubercles. Thorax nearly linear, slightly convex, tuberculate, bristly,
not developed. Sternum broad. Prosternum much advanced. Wings
none. Abdomen nearly round, hairy, a little longer and much broader
than the thorax ; sutures of the segments very indistinct. Legs very
stout, bristly, moderately long, wide apart. TibiaB shorter than the
femora. Tarsi hardly shorter than the tibia?. Ungues long, stout,
curved, bidentate.

"The union of the valves of the sheath is so short that they

VOL. II. 2 P

290 NYCTERIBTD.E.

appear like a tube ; bat if cut off they will separate and show the
siphuncle, as fine as a hair, between them."

1. ovinus, L. Fn. 1923 (1761) ; F. ; Schr. ; Frisch ; Pz. ; Nitzsch ;
Fal.; Latr. ; Leach; Meig. ; Mcq.; Zett. — aptera, L. I. Westrogoth.
Fulvus, capite subtus albido, abdomine ferrugineo, unguibus riigris.
Long. 2 lin.

Tawny. Head whitish beneath. Eyes brown. Abdomen ferru-
ginous. Ungues black.

Generally distributed. (E. S. I.)

FAMILY XXXI. NYCTEEIBID^E.

NYCTERIBIDJE, Leach, Eprobosc. Ins. (1815). Notostomata, Leach,
Suppl. Euc. Brit. Nycteribiidce, Westw. Phtliiromyii, Latr. ; Mcq.
Nycteribiites, Blanch. Diptera p., Latr.

Caput reversttm, et subversum, supra mesonotum.

Head turned back) and upside down, over the mesonotum.

Genus I. NYCTERIBIA.

NYCTERIBIA, Latr. Free. Car. Gen. (1795); F. S. A.; Fal.; Meig.;
Mont. ; Leach ; Curt. ; Westw. ; Mcq. ; Zett. Pediculus p., L. Fn.
Acarus p., F. Sp. Hippobosca p., L. ; F. Ent. Syst. ; Schr. ; Voigt.
Celeripes, Mont. PhtMridium, Herm. ; Olfers ; Leach.

Caput parvum, obconicum, antice setosum et emarginatum. Oculi
tuberculis paucis, aut simplices. Os basi tumidum, antice styhforme.
Antenna? biarticulata3, brevissimae, approximate, porrectse, parallela? ;
articulus secundus primo longior, subtrigonus, externe rotundatus.
Thorax brevi-ovatus, supra elevato-areolatus," subtus planus, linea
media longitudinali, appendice utrinque pectinata. Pedes crassi,
longissimi, setosi ; coxae anticee sat longaB ; trochanteres brevissimi ;
femora valida, compressa, transverse impressa ; tibiaa graciliores, basi
quasi triarticulatas ; tarsi articulo primo longissimo subannulato,
secundo, tertio, quartoque brevissimis, quinto longiore ; onychia duo
magna; ungues duo validi, basi subtus dilatati. Mas. Abdomen
5- aut 6-articulatum. Fcem. Abdomen quasi biarticulatum.
Body crustaceous ; thorax above and abdomen leathery. Head small,

obconical, furnished with seta?, and slightly emarginate in front above,

more deeply so beneath. Eyes composed of a few tubercles, or simple.

Mouth with a large basal bulb-like organ, terminating in an elongated,

NYCTEKIBIA. 291

slender, and horny style. Antennae biarticulate, inserted in the supe-
rior margin of the front of the head, very short, contiguous, porrect,
parallel ; second joint larger than the first, subtriangular, rounded ex-
ternally. Thorax short-oval above, divided into compartments by nar-
row crustaceous ridges ; underside quite flat, of a uniform crustaceous
texture, with a central longitudinal line running from the anterior to
the posterior extremity ; a pectinated process on each side of the thorax,
placed between the base of the fore and middle legs, and received in a
cavity formed by the lateral productions of the dorsum and pectus.
Legs thick, very long, furnished with strong bristles, inserted at the
anterior and lateral margins of the thorax, the pectoral shield extending
beneath at the base of each ; fore coxas distinct, bristly, rather long ;
trochanters very short; femora thick, compressed, with a transverse
impression before the middle of the limb ; tibiae more slender but not
longer than the femora, with three slight traces of articulation towards
the base; basal joint of the tarsi very long, apparently annulated;
three following joints very short ; fifth much larger, furnished with a
pair of large onychia, and with two strong claws, which are dilated at
the base beneath. Male. Abdomen composed of five or six segments.
Fern. Abdomen with only two apparent segments.
Infest bats.

a. Abdomen of the female with two long styles. — Subgenus Stylidia,

Westw. Species 1.
a a. Abdomen of the female without styles. Species 2.

1. biarticulata, Herm. Mem. Apt. pi. 6. f. 1 (1804); Lea. Zool.
Misc.; Westw. — Hermanni, Lea. Enc. Brit. — vespertilionis, Mont.
Pallide ochracea, thorace subtus concolore, abdomine obscuriore, pedi-
bus elongatis, dilatatis, longi-setosis, seta unica ad basin tibiarum lon-
gissima, coxis anticis brevibus; Mas, abdomine 6 ?-articulato, subtus
ad apicem stylis duobus incurvis ad ventrem adpressis; Jcem. abdo-
mine quasi biarticulato, segmento primo supra longius producto, stylis
duobus caudalibus elongatis cylindricis porrectis ad apicem longi-setosis.
Long, l-j-2 lin.

Pale ochraceous. Abdomen darker. Legs long, dilated, with long
bristles ; a single very long bristle at the base of the tibia? ; fore coxa3
short. Male. Abdomen apparently six-jointed, having at the tip be-
neath two styles, which are curved and applied to the underside. Fern.
Abdomen apparently six-jointed, with the first segment most lengthened
above, and with two anal long cylindrical porrect styles, which are beset
with long bristles at the tips.

Rare. In the British Museum. (E.)

2. Vespertilionis, L. Fn. 1941 (1761); F. ; Gmel.; Schr. ;
Latr. ; Meig. ; Mcq. ; ZeiL—Latreillii, Lea. ; Curt. ! B. E. vi. pi. 277 ;
Westw. Pallide ochracea, thoracis pectore latiore et breviore, pectinibus
thoracis unguibusque nigris, pedibus perbrevibus, femoribus tibiisque

292 NYCTEBIBID-E.

valde dilatatis, setis obscuris elongatis, tarsorum articulo primo reliquis
conjunctim vix lonc^iore ; Mas, abdomine 6 -articulate, segmento ultimo
longiore conico-truncato, subtus laminis duabus distantioribus elongatis
incurvis ad ventrem. adpressis styloque intermedio armato ; Fcem. ab-
domine ovali absque appendiculis, apice inciso, subtus segmento basali
distincto, seriebusque transversis setarum rigidarum instructo. Long.
f-U lin.

Pale ochraceous. Pectus short and broad. Pectinated processes of
the thorax and ungues black. Legs very short ; femora and tibiaB much
dilated, with long dusky bristles ; first joint of the tarsi hardly longer
than all the rest together. Male. Abdomen with six segments ; the
last segment the longest, conical-truncated, armed beneath with two
long remote curved laminae, which are applied to the underside, and
with an intermediate style. Fern. Abdomen oval, without appendages,
notched at the tip ; underside furnished with transverse series of rigid
bristles ; first segment distinct beneath.

Rare. In the British Museum. (E.)

INDEX.

[The names in parentheses are those of Subgenera.]

Page

Page

Page

ACALYPTEIUE .

. . 148

A. erratica . . .

. 127

A. subsecnta . .

. 133

Actora * .

. . 157

extrema . . .

. 129

subtracta . .

. 135

sestuum . .

. . 158

ferrugineo-vittata

. 139

supera . . .

. 131

.A.£rroTH"y"Zct

. 241

fixa <-

121

tempta

139

denticornis .

. . 243

flavipennis . .

. 138

testacea . . .

. 125

exigua . .

. . 243

floralis . . .

. 142

tetrastigma . .

. 130

flaveola . .

. . 243

fulgens . . .

. 144

tigrina . . .

. 132

latipes . .

. . 242

fumosa . . .

. 123

transiens . .

. 130

nigripes . .

. . 242

fungorum . .

. 143

nliginosa . .

. 125

ornata . .

. . 243

futilis . . .

. 137

nrbana . . .

. 128

pusilla . .

. . 243

humilis . . .

. 140

vagans . . .

. 126

Antlioniyia

117

impulsa .

. 130

varia ....

137

abdominalis .

. . 125

UUJ71UV.

impuncta . .

. 129

varicolor . .

. 141

albo-lineata .

. . 119

incana . . .

. 121

vespertina . .

. 123

allecta . .

. . 134

incisnrata . .

. 142

ANTHOMYIDES

. 117

absens . .

. . 135

inconfessa . .

. 134

Asteia . . .

. 239

anceps . .

. . 132

indecisa . . .

. 120

amccna .

. 240

Angelica

. . 128

infixa . ^ .

. 132

BORBORIDES . .

. 171

brunneilinea

. . 141

interlatens . .

. 120

Borborus . .

. 174

canicnlaris

. . 136

lardaria .

. 119

ater ....

176

ciliata . .

. . 140

lucorum . . .

. 122

equinus . . .

. 175

coarctata

. . 138

mitis . . .

. 144

flavipennis . .

. 176

collina . .

. . 132

mollicula

. 143

longipennis

. 176

compuncta .

. . 142

obscurata . .

. 123

niger . . .

. 175

conica . .

. . 134

ornata . . .

. 144

nigrifemoratus .

. 175

cunctans

. . 133

pagana . . .

. 128

nitidus . . .

. 174

debilis . .

. . 122

pallida . . .

. 124

pedestris . .

. 177

decedens

. . 121

pluvialis . .

. 135

vitripennis . .

. 176

decrepita

. . 141

Populi . f .

. 124

Bucentes , .

. 12

defecta . .

. . 129

prsepotens »., .

. 139

geniculatus

. 12

defixa . .

. . 137

prseterita . V;

. 120

Calobata .

. 214

depulsa . .

. . 131

pullula . . .

. 138

cibaria . *•...„.

. 214

depuncta

. . 127

quadrum . .

. 130

ephippium . .

. 215

desulans . .

. . 136

radicum . ...

. 137

petronella . .

. 214

detracta . .

. . 122

repulsa . ...

. 131

C AL YPTE BUB « -jt v*

. 2

dispar . .

. . 123

sepia . . .

. 140

Camar ot a . . >

. 224

effecta . .

. . 127

serva . . ...

. 120

flavitarsis . .

. 224

elapsa . .

. . 136

signata . . .

. 126

Cephalemyia .

. 271

errans . .

. . 126

stricta . , ., „.

. 143

ovis

. 272

294

INDEX.

Page

Page

Page

C. picta . . .

. . 272

E. annulipes

. 210

GEOMYZTDES . .

. 231

Chlorops

. . 226

Ephydra . . .

. 259

Gonia ....

. 12

Cercris . .

. . 229

(Axysta) .

. 262

capitata . . .

. 13

cinctipes

. . 228

(Ceenia) . . .

. 264

ruficeps .

. 13

glabra . .

. . 228

(Canace) . . .

. 268

Gymnopa . .

. 232

hypostigma .

. . 227

(Ephydra) . .

. 268

glabra . . .

. 233

lineata . .

. . 228

(Hyadina)

. 261

subsultaus . .

. 232

messoria

. . 229

(Hydrina) . .

. 260

Gymnosoma

. 11

nasuta . .

. . 227

(Ilythea) . . .

. 264

rotundata . .

. 11

notata . .

. . 227

(Napaea) . . .

. 263

Hsemobora . .

. 28?

scalaris . .

. . 227

(Pelina) . . .

262

pallipes .

. 288

tfeuiopus

. . 228

(Scatella) . .

'. 265

Helomyza . .

. 161

tarsata

. . 229

(Teichomyza)

. 267

flava

161

Chyliza

. . 219

a?nca

. 262

pallida . . .

. 162

scutcllata

. . 219

tcstuans

. 266

rufa .

161

Coelopa . .

. . 156

albula . . .

. 265

Helomyzides .

. 149

frigida . .

. . 156

Aquila . . .

. 263

Heteromyza

. 163

pilipes

. . 156

buccata .

. 266

flava ....

163

Cordylura .

. . 149

coarctata . .

. 263

Heteroptera

. 183

albipes

. . 150

comta

. 267

pusilla

. 184

flavicauda .

. . 151

defecta . . .

. 265

Hippobosca . .

. 284

liturata .

. . 151

despecta . .

. 266

equina

. 285

obscura . .

. . 152

flavipcs . . .

. 260

HlPPOBOSCID/E .

. 283

pubera

. . 150

fossarum . .

. 263

Hydrellia . .

. 254

spinimana .

. . 151

fusca ....

. 267

(Atissa) . . .

. 258

Dexia . . .

. . 94

guttata . . .

. 261

(Glenanthe) . .

. 258

canina . .

. . 98

Hecate . . .

. 264

(Hydrellia) . .

. 255

compi'cssa .

. . 94

interrupta .

. 261

albiceps . . .

. 257

cristata . .

. . 95

interstincta . .

. 261

albilabris

. 258

fmgeus . .

. . 98

leucostoma . .

. 266

Cardamines . .

. 255

. . 96

littoralis

. 263

chrysostoma

. 257

rustica

. . 97

lutosa . . .

. 266

Cochlearite . .

. 258

vacua . .

. . 97

micans . . .

. 268

erythrostoma

. 257

volvulus .

. . 96

nasica . . .

. 269

flaviceps . .

. 255

DEXIDES . .

. . 93

uoctula .

. 266

griscola .

. 256

Diastata . .

. . 235

obscura . . .

. 265

Hydrocotyles .

. 256

obscurella

. . 235

palustris .

. 265

porpliyrops . .

. 256

Punctum

. . 236

picta ....

. 260

pygmsca .

. 258

Dorycera

. . 170

posticata

. 261

llauunculi .

. 256

graminuiii

. . 171

punctato-ncrvosa

260

ripicola

259

Drosopliila .

. . 236

pusilla

. 264

tarsata

. 257

238

quadrata

267

thoracica

256

ccllaris . .

. . 237

riparia

. 268

HYDROMYZIDES .

. 247

fenestrarum

. . 237

scutellata . .

. 262

HYPOCERA . .

. 275

fuuebris . .

. . 237

sibilans .

. 265

Lauxania

. 184

gracilis .

. . 239

sorbillans

. 266

aenea ....

185

gramiiium .

. . 238

spilota

. 264

cylindricornis .

. 185

transvcrsa .

. . 237

stictica . . .

. 260

Elisse . . .

. 185

Drymeia . .

. . 146

viridula .

. 262

lupulina . . .

. 185

ham at a .

. . 146

EPROBOSCIDEA .

. 282

LATIXANIDES . .

. 184

Dryomyza .

. . 163

Gasterophilus .

. 273

Leria ....

. 162

anilis . .

. . 164

Equi ....

. 274

serrata

. 162

flaveola .

. . 164

shcemorrhoidalis

. 274

Limosina . .

. 177

pneusta . .

. . 164

nasalis . . .

. 275

arcuata .

. 179

Enicita . .

. . 209

salutaris .

. 275

clunipes . . .

. 181

INDEX.

295

L. crassimaua . .

Page
. 179

M. rudis . . .

Page
. 110

O. floruin . . .

. 234

erratica . . .

. 180

serena . . .

. 113

germiuationis .

. 234

fungicola . .

. 180

stabulans . < *

. 113

tripunctata . .

. 234

fuscipennis . .

. 181

vespillo . . .

. 109

Ornithobia . .

. 285

geniculata .

. 179

vitripennis . .

. Ill

pallida . . .

. 286

heteroneura

. 181

vomitoria . .

. 107

Ornithomyia .

. 286

huinida . . .

. 178

MUSCID2E . . .

. 1

avicularia . .

. 287

leucoptera . .

. 183

MUSCIDES , .

. 106

ORTALIDES . .,

. 192

liinosa . . .

. 178

Myopa .

. 4

Ortalis . . .'

. 194

lugubris

. 182

atra ....

6

Cerasi . . *

. 196

melania ...

. 183

buccata . . .

. 5

crassipennis

. 195

nigerrima . .

. 183

fasciata . . .

. 5

omissa . . .

. 195

mvalis . .

. 180

ferruginea

5

picta . . . .

196

ochripes . . .

. 179

testacea . . .

. 5

Syngenesia? . .

. 197

quisquilia . .

. 180

MYOPIDES . .

. 3

Urticffi . . .

. 195

scutellaris . .

. 180

Nemopoda . .

. 210

vibrans . . .

. 197

spinipennis . .

. 181

cylindrica . .

. 211

Orygma . . .

. 157

sylvatica . .

. 178

Notiphila . .

. 250

luctuosa . . .

. 157

vagans . . .

. 182

(Dicheeta) . .

. 251

OSCINIDES *',.»

. 223

Zosterse . . .

. 182

(Discocerina) .

. 253

Oscinis . . .

. 230

Lispe ....

147

(Discomyza)

. 251

brevipennis .

231

litorea . . .

. 148

(Hecamede)

. 254

cornuta . — ^

. 230

tentaculata . .

. 147

(Hygrellia) . .

. 252

maura . . .

. 231

Lissa . . . .

. 218

(Notiphila) . .

. 250

palposa . . .

. 230

dolium . . „•-

. 218

(Trimerina) . .

. 252

Palloptera

-. 187

Lonchsea . . .

. 186

albicans . . .

. 254

arcuata . . .

. 189

tarsata . . .

. 187

calceata . . .

. 253

decempunctata .

. 191

vaginalis . .

. 186

caudata . . .

. 251

inusta . * .'

. 188

Loxocera . .

. 217

cinerea . . .

. 251

obsoleta . .

. 188

ichneumonea .

. 217

glabra . . .

. 254

prseusta . . .

. 190

sylvatica . .

. 217

incurva . . .

. 252

pulchella . .

. 191

Melophagus

. 289

leucostoma . .

. 253

quadripunctata .

. 190

ovinus . . .

. 290

madizans . .

. 252

rorida . . .

. 188

Meromyza . .

. 224

nigrina . >**_ ."

. 253

saltuum . . .

. 190

pratorum . .

. 225

nitidula . v .

. 253

trimacula . .

. 189

saltatrix . . .

. 225

pulicaria . .

. 254

umbellatarum .

. 189

variegata . .

. 225

riparia . . .

. 251

ustulata . . .

. 189

Micropeza . .

. 216

uliginosa . .

. 251

Phania . . ,

. 10

corrigiolata .

. 216

Nycteribia . .

. 290

curvicauda . .

. 10

Musca . . '.-.-

. 106

biarticulata .

. 291

thoracica . .

. 10

cadaverina . .

. 112

Vespertilionis .

. 291

Phasia . . ,

. 7

caerulea . . .

. 109

NYCTERIBIDJB

. 290

obesa . . .

. 8

Caesar . . .

. 108

Och.th.era . . *

. 249

pusilla . , .

. 8

cornicina

. 108

mantis . . .

. 250

subcoleoptrata .

. 7

corvina , . .

11X

Ochthiphila . .

. 191

Pliora ...»

276

domestica . .

. Ill

aridella .

. 192

abdominalis

. 279

equestris . .

. 108

juncorum . .,

. 192

arcuata . . .

. 282

erythrocephala .

. 107

Ocyptera . i-

. 8

aterrima . ••„

. 281

hortorum

. 113

brassicaria .

9

atra . . . i,

281

illustris . . .

. 108

cylindrica . .

. 9

crassicornis . .

. 280

lasiophthalma .

. 112

CEsTRiD^; . . f

. 269

dimidiata « .

. 279

maculata

. 114

CEstrus . .

. 269

flava . w

280

meridiana . .

. 115

Bovis .

. 270

florea . . »

. 280

meditabunda

. 114

Opomyza . .

. 233

funebris . . ;.-;

. 281

nitens . . .

. 110

combinata

. 234

fuscipes . . i.

. 280

296

INDEX.

Page

Page

Page

P. galeata . . .

. 282

S. lutaria . .

. . 154

T. chalybeata .

. . 30

gracilipcs . .

. 280

merdaria

. . 154

cincta

. . 47

iucrassata

. 281

scybalaria

. . 153

comraissa

. . 09

maculata . .

. 279

squalida . ,

. . 155

comitata

. . 55

pumila . . .

. 281

stercoraria .

. . 153

comosa . .

. . 75

rufipes . . .
similis

. 280
. 281

Sciomyza
albocostata .

. . 158
. . 159

computa .
concinnata .

. . 64

. . 88

thoracica . .

. 279

cinerella . .

. . 160

conica . .

. . 40

PHORIDjE .

276

fuscipennis .

. . 159

conjuncta

. . 59

Phytomyza . .

. 244

monilis . .

. . 160

consanguinea

. . 80

affinis

246

nana

160

coflstciiis

75

albipennis . .

'. 246

obtusa

. . 159

contempta .

'. '. 77

Aquifolii

. 245

Sepedon . .

. . 169

continua

. . 33

flava

247

HoeiFneri .

. . 170

coirtrtictci

24

lateralis . . .

. 245

sphegeus

. . 170

corusca . .

. . 30

nigra . . .

. 245

SEPSILES . .

. . 207

defecta (see

Er-

uotata . . .

246

Sepsis .

208

7V7//7\

27 46

obscurella . .

. 245

cynipsea . .

. . 208

delitescens .

. . '73

populicola . .

. 247

punctum

. . 209

demissa . .

. . 78

rufipes . . .

. 246

Spheerocera .

. . 172

demota . .

. . 61

terminalis . .

. 247

denticulata .

. . 173

denotans

. . 77

PHYTOMYZIDES .

. 240

monilis . .

. . 173

detracta . .

. . 22

PiopMLa . . .

. 221

scabricula .

. . 174

discrepans .

. . 54

casei ....

. 222

subsultans .

. . 173

disjuucta

. „ 44

luteata . . .

. 222

vaporariorum

. . 173

dispartita .

. . 23

Platycephala .

223

Stenopteryx

. . 288

dispecta . .

. . 60

umbraculata

! 224

Hirundinis .

. . 289

dispuncta

. . 57

Platystoma . .

. 193

Stomoxys

. . 116

distenta . .

. . 55

seminationis

. 193

calcitrans

. . 116

distermina .

. . 61

Prosena . . .

. 93

Tachina . .

. . 14

divulsa .

. . 45

siberita . . .

. 93

accidens . .

. . 89

domator . .

. . 62

Psila . .

219

seuea .

. . 29

dorsalis .

. . 46

bicolor . . .

. 221

sestiva . .

. . 27

effecta . .

. . 51

fimetaria . .

. 220

affinis

. . 59

emissa . .

. . 49

pallida . . .
Rosso . . .

. 221
. 221

agilis . .
albicans . .

. . 42
. . 91

enodata .
enotata . .

. . 57

. . 48

rufa .

220

amabilis .

. . 81

erecta .

. . 76

PSILIDES . . .

. 215

analis . .

. . 29

erogata . .

. . 54

SalteUa . . .

. 213

angusta . .

. . 88

evidens . .

. . 42

nigripes . . .

. 213

angustipennis

. . 74

evocata .

. . 38

scutellaris . .

. 213

authracina .

. . 37

evoluta . .

. . 40

Sarcophaga . .

. 101

antiqua . .

. . 90

exacta

. . 41

albiceps . . .

. 103

arveusis . .

. . 25

exagens . .

. . 60

alpina

. 105

assimilis .

. . 82

expetita .

. . 36

carnaria . . .

. 102

atramentaria

. . 36

expleta . .

. . 55

cruentata . .

. 104

atrata

. . 74

exscensa . .

. . 66

hseinorrhoa .

. 104

audax . .

. . 86

exscessa .

. . 65

hsemorrhoidalis

104

augens

. . 73

fera .

20

lineata . . .

. 103

bicolor . .

. . 67

ferox . . .

. . 20

melanura . .

. 103

bijuncta . .

. . 24

fimbriata

. . 58

mortuoruni

105

csesia

. . 22

fissa .

51

striata . . .

. 102

caminaria .

. . 35

flavescens .

. . 26

SARCOPHAGIDES .

. 99

campcstris .

. . 81

flexa . . .

. . 58

Scatophaga . .

. 152

carbonaria .

. . 92

froutosa .

. . 83

litorea . . .

. 155

certans . .

. . 74

fulgens . .

. . 56

INDEX.

297

1
T. grossa ....
Heraclei . . .
immissa ....
impavida . . .
inanis ....
infensans . . .
infestans ....
infixa ....
inoperta ....
inquilina . . .
insedata ....
insuscepta . . .
intacta ....
intaminata .

59
53
92
64
88
91
70
86
87
87
50
43
48

T. nigrolineata
objecta . .
pacifica . .
Pacta . .
pallipes . .
particeps
perpingens .
pertinens
pertracta
punctata . .
puparum (see
rata) . .
quadricincta
reclusa .

Page
. . 85
. . 78
. . 63
. . 52
. . 90
. . 41
. . 67
. . 43
. . 45
. . 52
Er-
. 23,71
. . 84
. . 32

T. Hieracii .
lineata . .
marginata .
pimctata
reticulata
rufifrons . .
sylvatica
umbrarum .
Themira . .
Leachi . .
minor . .
pilosa . .
putris . .
Trixa

Page
. . 169
. . 167
. . 166
. . 168
. . 167
. . 166
. . 169
. . 168
. . 211
. . 212
. . 212
. . 212
. . 212
100

intercedens . . .
intercepta . . .
interclusa (see Er-
rata) . . 32,
interlapsa . . .
interlatens . . .
intermixta . . .
interna ....

31
34

48
37
35
39
69

refecta . .
refonnata .
rejecta . .
retracta . .
reventa . .
roralis . .
rubrica . .
rudis .

. . 50
. . 63
. . 79
. . 80
. . 70
. . 33
. . 42
. . 71

dorsalis .
scutellata
variegata
Trypeta . .
Absinthii .
aprica . .
Arctii . .
Arnicse

. . 100
. . 101
. . 100
. . 198
. . 202
. . 206
. . 205
201

internexa . . .
intersecta (see Er-
rata) ... 38,

62

76

rufbscutellata
ruricola . .
senta .

. . 51

. . 49
. . 68

Artemisise .
Bardanse
Cardui

. . 199

. . 204
206

intersita ....
intracta ....
involuta ....
Iseta . . .

72
23
53
79

separata . .
simplex . .
spinipennis .
stabulans

. . 67
. . 35

. . 89

28

cognata . .
corniculata .
cornuta . .
florescentise

. . 199
. . 203
. . 205
20]

lateralis . . . . -
laticella . . ...

34

72
88

terminalis
tessellata .
torta

. . 47
. . 20
64

Gsedii . .
guttularis .
Heraclei

. . 198
. . 202
199

longipes . . .
longirostris . . .
lurida ....
melania ....

66
56
21
68
65

tremula . .
viridis ~>>»^
viridulans .
volatica . .
vulgaris . .

. . 31

. . 26
. . 29

. . 84
. . 85

Leontodontis
marginata .
parietina
serratulse
solstitialis

. . 204
. . 202
. . 203
. . 201
205

morosa ....
motor ....

44
71

8?,

vulpina . .
ursina . .

usta . . .

. . 28
. . 21
. . 39

Souchi .
stellata . .
Zoe .

. . 200
. . 204
200

munita ....

82
39

TACHINIDES .
Tetanocera .

. . 6
. . 165

TJlidia . .
demandata .

. . 193
. . 194

neglecta (see Er-
rata) ... 25,
nexa .

79
63

aratoria , .
cucullaria .
ferruginea .

. . 167
. . 166
. 168

Zodion . .
cinereum

. . 3
. . 4

ERRATA.

Page 2, line 5 from the bottom, for compact bodies, read compact structure.
,, 14, The following list of the additional species of TacJiina, which have been re-
corded as British, was accidentally omitted : —

1. echinata, Meig.

2. consobrina, Meig.

3. vagans, Mcy.

4. radicum, F.

5. Histrio, Meig.

6. ncmoruin, Meig.

7. glabrata, Meig.

8. 4-pustulata, F.

9. vuriegata, Meig.

10. conspersa, Meig.

11. ignobilis, Meig.

12. amceua, Meig.

13. cgens, Wied.

melanocephala, Meig.
parvicornis, Meig.
nigra. Mcq.
maoulata, Fed.
gagatina, Meig.
venosa, Meig.

20. lepida, Meig.

21. pnepotens, Meig.

22. larvarum, L.

23. nitidula, Meig.

24. cincta, Meig.

25. verticalis, Meig.
20. devia, Fed.

27. agrcstis, Fed.

28. floralis, Fal.

29. simnlans, Meig.

30. vidua, Meig.

31. hortulana, Meig.

32. angustipeimis, Meig.

33. arveusis, Meig.

34. aratoria, Meig.

35. spreta, Meig.
3G. plebeia, Fal.

37. luctuosa, Meig.

38. vetusta, Meig.

39. setipeimis, Meig.

41. dubia, Fal.

42. exigua, Meig.

43. argyrocephala, Meig.

44. pruinosa, Jfov/.

45. vertiginosa, F.

46. silvatica, Fal.

47. modesta, Meig.

48. festinans, 7v?^.

49. turrita, J/«y.

50. cellaris, Fal.

51. separata, Meig.

52. seria, J/^.

53. stupida, Meig.

54. schistacea, Jf^.

55. longicornis, /<>//.

56. coracina, Meig.

57. lugens, J/e^.

58. riparia, Desv.

59. cunctans, Meig,

40. albicollis,
Page 33, line 8, for Desv. ; Meig. ; read Meig.
„ 46, line 7, for defecta, read coufecta.
„ 48, line 19, for iuterclusa, read exclusa.
., 71, line 21,ybr puparum, read conducta.
„ 76, line 13, for intersecta, read exsecta.
,, 79, line 4 from the bottom, for neglecta, read collecta.
„ 84, line 20, for Step]}. MSS., read Steph. MSS.
„ 99, line 25, and p. 113, line 21, for Wcid., read Wied.
,, 152, after Genus II. SCATOPIIAGA, insert SCATOPHAGA, Latr. G. C. iv. 358

(1810) ; Meig. ; Desv. ; Mcq. ; Curt. ; Westw. Musca p., L. ; F. ; Gmel ;

Schr. I. A. Volucella p., Schr. F. B. Scatomyza, Fal.; Zett.
„ 163, line 5, under HETEIIOMYZA, for costal vein armed with spines, read costal

vein without spiiies.
., 198, line 13 from the bottom, for Sphenilla read Sp henella ; and line 7 from

the bottom, for TepJiitis, read Tephritis.
., 243, line 12, for Alcyrodes, read Aleyrodes.

PLATE XL

FAMILY XXVII. MUSCEXE. Division 1. OALYPTEEATM.

Subfamily 1. MYOPIDES.

GENUS 1. Zodion. Fig. 1. Zodion cinereum. la, head, sideways;
1 b, antenna ; 1 c, abdomen, sideways.

GENUS 2. Myopa. Fig. 2 a, head of M. ferruginea, sideways ; 2 6,
mouth of ditto (from Curtis) ; a, labrum ; b, lingua ; c, maxilla ;
d, palpus ; e, labium ; 2 c, abdomen of male ; 2 d, extremity of
wing.

Subfamily 2. TACHINIDES.

GENUS 1 (3). Phasia. Fig. 3. Phasia subcoleoptrata. 3 a, head,
seen in front ; 3 b, antenna.

GENUS 2 (4). Ocyptera. Fig. 4 a, head of 0. Brassicaria, seen side-
ways ; 4 5, antenna ; 4 c, wing.

GENUS 3 (5). Phania. Fig. 5. Phania thoracica. 5 a, head, side-
ways ; 5 6, abdomen of male, sideways.

GENUS 4 (6). Gymnosoma. Fig. 6. Gymnosoma rotundata. 6 a,
head, sideways.

GENUS 5 (7). Bucentes. Fig. 7. Bucentes geniculatus. 7 «, head,
sideways ; 7 5, antenna.

GENUS 6 (8). Gonia. Fig. 8 a, head of Gonia capitata, sideways;
8 b, antenna ; 8 c, extremity of wing.

GENUS 7 (9). Tachina. Fig. 9. Tachina tremula: 9 a, head, side-
ways ; 9 b, antenna. Fig. 10 a, antenna of Tackina grossa ; 10 6,
extremity of wing. Fig. 11. Tachina roralis: 11 a, head, side-
ways ; 11 b, antenna.

J. 0. W.

DIPTERA.P1.XI

PLATE XII.

FAMILY XXVII. MUSCIME (continued).
Subfamily 3. DEXIDES.

GENUS 1 (10). Prosena. Fig. 1 «, head of Prosena Siberita, side-
ways ; 1 6, antenna ; 1 c, wing.
GENUS 2 (11). Dexia. Fig. 2. Dexia nigripes. 2 a, head, sideways;

2 5, antenna.

Subfamily 4. SARCOPHAGIDES.

GENUS 1 (12). Trixa. Fig. 3. Trixa variegata. 3 a, head, sideways ;

3 6, antenna (from Meigen).

GENUS 2 (13). Sarcophaga. Fig. 4. Sarcophaga mortuorum, male.

4 a, extremity of abdomen, sideways. Fig. 5 a, head of Sarco-
phaga carnaha ; 5 b, antenna.

Subfamily 5. MUSCIDES.

GENUS 1 (14). Musca. Fig. -6. Musca vomitoria : 6 a, head, side-
ways ; 6 d, mouth ; 6 c, antenna. Fig. 7 a, head of Musca (Me-
sembrina} meridiana, sideways ; 7 b, wing of ditto.

GENUS 2 (15). Stomoxys. Fig. 8 a, head of Stomoxys calcitrans,
seen sideways.

Subfamily 6. ANTHOMYZIDES.

GENUS 1 (16). Anthomyia. Fig. 9. Antlwmyia lardaria: 9 a,
antenna. Fig. 10 a, head of Anthomyia tigrina ; 10 b, wing of
ditto. Fig. 11. Aniliomyia pluvialis : 11 a, antenna.

GENUS 2 (17). Drymeia. Fig. ]2. Drymeia hamata. 12 «, head
of ditto, sideways; 12 b, antenna.

J. O. W.

DIPTEP.A, PI. XII

PLATE XIII.

FAMILY XXVII. MUSCID^ (continued).

Subfamily 6. ANTHOMYZIDES (continued).

GENUS 3 (18). Lispe. Fig. 1. Lispe tentaculata. 1 a, head, seen
sideways, with the antennae removed ; 1 6, one of the palpi ; I c,
antenna.

Division 2. ACALTPTERAT^.

Subfamily 1. HELOMYZIDES.

GENUS 1 (19). Cordylura. Fig. 2. Cordylura pubera, male. 2 a,
head, sideways ; 2 d, abdomen of male, sideways ; 2 c, antenna of
Cordylura obscura.

GENUS 2 (20). Scatophaga. Fig. 3 a, head of Scatophaga sterco-
raria. 3 b, antenna; 3 c, wing.

GENUS 3 (21). Coelopa. Fig. 3. Ccelopa frigida. 4 a, head, side-
ways ; 4 b, antenna.

GENUS 4 (22). Orygma. Fig. 5. Orygma luctuosa. 5 a, head, side-
ways; 5 b, antenna; 5 c, extremity of abdomen of male, beneath.

GENUS 5 (23). Actora. Fig. 6 a, head of Actora aestuum, sideways ;
6 b, antenna.

GENUS 6 (24). Sciomyza. Fig.. 7. Sciomyza albo-costata. 7 «,
head, sideways; 7 o', antenna.

GENUS 7 (25). Helomyza. Fig. 8 a, head of Helomyza rnfa, side-
ways ; 8 6, antenna ; 8 c, wing.

GENUS 8 (26). Leria. Fig. 9. Leria serrata. 9 a, head, sideways;
9 b, antenna.

GENUS 9 (27). Heteromyza. Fig. 10 «, head of Heteromyzajlava,
seen sideways; pp, palpi; 10 b, wing.

J. O. W.

DIPTERA. PL XIII.

PLATE XIV.

FAMILY XXVII. MUSCID.E (continued).
Subfamily 1. HELOMYZIDES (continued).

GENUS 10 (28). Dryomyza. Fig. 1. Dryomyzajlaveola. 1 a, head,
sideways ; 1 b, antenna.

GENUS 11 (29). Tetanocera. Fig. 2. Tetanocera ferruginea. 2 a,
bead, sideways ; 2 b, antenna.

GENUS 12 (30). Trigonometopus (Curtis). Fig. 3 a, head and
thorax of Trigonometopus frontalis, Meig., from above (after Curtis);
3 b, head of ditto, sideways.

GENUS 13 (31). Sepedon. Fig. 4 a, head of Sepedon spheyeus, side-
ways ; 4 b, hind leg.

GENUS 14 (32). Dorycera. Fig. 5 «, head of Dorycera graminum,
from above ; 5 b, ditto, sideways ; 5 c, antenna.

GENUS 15 (33). Luc in a (Meig.; Curtis). Fig. 6 a, head, sideways;
6 6, antenna (after Curtis).

Subfamily 2. BORB GUIDES.

GENUS 1 (34). Sphserocera. Fig. 7. Spharocera subsultans. 1 a,
head, in front ; 7 b, mouth (after Curtis) ; /, labrum ; m, maxilla ;
jo, palpus.

GENUS 2 (35). Borborus. Fig. 8 a, antenna of Borborus nitidus ;
8 b, wing of ditto.

GENUS 3 (36). Limosina. Fig. 9. Limosina sylvatica, male. 9 a,
antenna ; 9 b, middle femur of male.

GENUS 4 (37). Heteroptera. Fig. 10 a, wing of Heteroptera pu-
silla, emarginate near the extremity of the hinder margin, and
furnished with a series of ten bristles, which are decumbent when
at rest on the disc of the wing.

Subfamily 3. LAUXANIDES.

GENUS 1 (38). Lauxania. Fig. 11. Lauxania cenea (natural size,
£ of an inch long, omitted). 11 «, head, sideways ; 1 1 5, antenna.

GENUS 2 (39). Lonchaea. Fig. 12 a, head of Lonchcea vaginalis ;
12 b, wing.

J. 0. \V.

DIPTERA.PLXIV.

PLATE XV.

FAMILY XXVII. MUSCID^E (continued).

Subfamily 3. LAUXANIDES (continued).

GENUS 3 (40). Palloptera. Fig. 1. Palloptera decem-punctata. 1 a,
head, sideways ; 1 b, mouth of Palloptera litura (from Curtis) ;
1 1, labrum ; t, lingua or tongue ; mx, maxilla ; p, palpus ; I 2, la-
bium; 1 c, antenna.

GENUS 4 (41). Ochthiphila. Fig. 2 a} head of OchthipUla ari-
deUay seen sideways ; 2 b, antenna ; 2 c, wing.

Subfamily 4. ORTALIDES.

GENUS 1 (42). Platystoma. Fig. 3 a, head of Platystoma semi-
nationis ; 3 b, wing ; 3 c} antenna.

GENUS 2 (43). Ulidia. Fig. 4. Ulidia demandata. 4 a, head, side-
ways.

GENUS 3 (44). Ortalis. Fig. 5. Ortalis vibrans. 5 «, head, side-
ways ; 5 b, head of Ortalis crassipennis ; 5 c, antenna of ditto.

GENUS 4 (45). Trypeta. Fig. 6. Trypeta corniculata. 6 «, head,
sideways ; 6 5, head of Trypeta Heraclii, sideways ; 6 c, antenna
of ditto ; 6 d, mouth of Trypeta cornuta, fern., with swollen bristly
palpi (from Curtis, Tephritis c.}

Subfamily 5. SEPSIDES.

GENUS 1 (46). Sepsis. Fig. 7. Sepsis punctum, male. 7 «, head,
sideways; 7 b, antenna.

GENUS 2 (47). Enicita. Fig. 8 a, fore leg of Eniciia annulipes ;
8 b, hind tarsus ; 8 c, wing of ditto.

GENUS 3 (48). Saltella. Fig. 9. Saltella scutellaris. 9 a, thorax
and base of abdomen, seen sideways.

GENUS 4 (49). Nemopoda. Fig. 10 a, thorax and base of abdomen
of Nemopoda cylindrica, seen sideways.

GENUS 5 (50). Themira. Fig. 11 a, thorax and base of abdomen
of Themira putris, seen sideways.

J. O. W.

DIPTERA,.P1.XVY

JrintedtyF. Reeve.

PLATE XVI.

FAMILY XXVII. MUSCID^ (continued}.
Subfamily 6. SEPSIDES (continued).

GENUS 6 (51). Calobata. Fig. 1. Calobata petronella. 1 «, head,
seen sideways ; I bt antenna.

Subfamily 6. PSILIDES.

GENUS 1 (52). Micropeza. Fig. 2. Micropeza corriyiolata. 2 a,
head, sideways; 2 b, antenna.

GENUS 2 (53). Loxocera. Fig. 3 a, head of Loxocera ichneumonea,
seen sideways ; 3 b, wing of ditto.

GENUS 3 (54). Lissa. Fig. 4. Lissa Dolium. 4 a, head, sideways;
4 b, antenna.

GENUS 4 (55). Chyliza. Fig. 5. Chyliza atriseta. 5 a, head, side-
ways ; 5 b, antenna.

GENUS 5 (56). Psila. Fig. 6. Psila fimetaria. 6 a, head, sideways ;
6 b, antenna.

GENUS 6 (57). Piophila. Fig. 7, head of PiopUla cam; 1 a, an-
tenna ; 7 6, wing.

Subfamily 7. OSCINIDES.

GENUS 1 (58). Platycephala. Fig. 8 a, head of Platycephala pla-
nifrons, sideways ; 8 b, antenna ; 8 c, wing ; 8 d, hind leg.

J. 0. W.

DIP TEH A. Pl.XVL

'-

PLATE XVII.

FAMILY XVII. MUSCID.E (continued}.
Subfamily 7. OSCINIDES (continued).

GENUS 2 (59). Camarota. Fig. 1. Camarotaflavitarsis. 1 a, head,
sideways; 1 6, antenna.

GENUS 3 (60). Meromyza. Fig. 2. Meromyza pratorum. 2 a, head,
sideways ; 2 b, antenna ; 2 c, fore leg ; 2 d, hind leg.

GENUS 4 (61). Chlorops. Fig. 3. Chlorous Cereris. 3 «, head,
sideways; 3 b, antenna.

GENUS 5 (62). Oscinis. Fig. 4 a, head of Oscinis palposa, sideways ;
4 b, wing.

Subfamily 8. GEOMYZIDES.

GENUS 1 (63). Gymnopa. Fig. 5. Gymnopa subsultans. 5 a, head,
sideways ; 5 b, antenna.

GENUS 2 (64). Opomyza. Fig. 6. Opomyza germinationis. 6 a,
head, sideways; 6 b, antenna.

GENUS 3 (65). Diastata. Fig. 7. Diastata obscurella. 1 a, head,
sideways ; 7 b, antenna.

J. 0. W.

DIPTEBA.P1XVII

PLATE XVIII.

FAMILY XVII. MUSCID^ (continued).
Subfamily 8. GEOMYZIDES (continued).

GENUS 4 (66). Drosophila. Fig. 1 a, head of DrosopMla cellaris,
sideways ; 1 b, mouth of ditto (from Curtis) ; I, labrum ; mx,
maxilla ; p, palpus ; 1 c, antenna ; 1 d} wing.

GENUS 5 (67). Asteia. Fig. 2. Asteia amcena. 2 «, head, sideways;
2 b, antenna.

Subfamily 9. PHYTOMYZIDES.

GENUS 1 (68). Agromyza. Fig. 3. Agromyza denticornis. 3 at
head, sideways ; 3 6, antenna.

GENUS 2 (69). Heteroneura (Fal.; Curtis). Fig. 4. Heteroneura
albimana, Meig. (after Curtis). 4 a, head, sideways ; 4 b, antenna
(after ditto).

GENUS 3 (70). Phytomyza. Fig. 5. Phytomyza qffinis. 5 a, head,
sideways ; 5 b, face ; 5 c, antenna.

Subfamily 10. HYDROMYZIDES.

GENUS 1 (71). Ochthera. Fig. 6. OcMJiera mantis. 6 a, head,
sideways ; 6 b, ditto in front ; 6 c, antenna ; 6 d, fore leg ; 6 e,
hind leg.

GENUS 2 (72). Notiphila. Fig. 7. Notiphila cinerea. 7 a, head,
sideways ; 7 b, face of ditto ; 7 c, antenna.

J. 0. W.

DIPT ERA,

PLATE XIX.

FAMILY XXVII. MUSCID^ (continued).

Subfamily 10. HYDROMYZIDES (continued).

GENUS 3 (73). Hydrellia. Fig. 1. Hydrellia griseola. 1 a, head,
seen sideways ; 1 b, antenna.

GENUS 4 (74). Ephydra. Fig. 2. Ephydra fusca. 2 a, head, side-
ways ; 2 bt antenna ; 2 c, mouth of Ephydra riparia (Curtis) ; 2 d,
antenna of ditto (Curtis).

FAMILY XXVIII. CESTBILm

GENUS 1. GEstrus. Fig. 3. (Estrm Bovis, male. 3 a, head, seen
in front ; 3 5, ditto, sideways ; 3 c, antenna.

GENUS 2. Cephalemyia. Fig. 4. Cephalemyia Ovis. 4 a, head,
seen in front, with palpi detached (Curtis) ; 4 b, antenna.

GENUS 3. Gasterophilus. Fig. 5. Gasterophilus Equi. 5 a, head,
seen in front ; 5 £, oral aperture ; 5 c, antenna.

FAMILY XXIX. PHOROLE.

GENUS 1. Phora. Fig. 6. Phora rufipes. 6 a, head, sideways; 6 b,
mouth (Meig.) ; 6 c, antenna of Phora incrassata ; 6 d, wing of
ditto (Curtis) ; 6 e, wing of Phora velutina (Meig.) ; 6/, head of
Phora (Conicera) atra (Meig.), seen sideways.

J. O. W.

DIPTERA.P1.XK.

Printed, by IReevt.

PLATE XX.

FAMILY XXX. HIPPOBOSCHm

GENUS 1. Hippobosca. Fig. 1. Hippobosca equina. 1 a, head,
seen in front ; 1 b, antenna ; 1 c, front of head, sideways ; 1 d,
labrum, with the lingua and labium, and the muscular base by
which they are protruded ; 1 e, one of the halteres.

GENUS 2. Ornithobia. Fig. 2. OrnitJiobia pallida (from Meigen).

GENUS 3. Ornithomyia. Fig. 3. OrnitJwmyia amcularia. 3 a, an-
tenna ; 3 b, ungues.

GENUS 4. Hsemobora. Fig. 4. Hamobora pallipes (from Curtis).

GENUS 5. Stenopteryx. Fig. 5. Stenopteryx (Oxypterum) pallidum.
5 0, antenna of Stenopteryx Hirundinis ; 5 b, wing of ditto.

GENUS 6. Melophagus. Fig. 6. Melophagus ovinus. 6 a, head,
seen from beneath ; 6 b, antenna (from Curtis) .

FAMILY XXXI. NYCTEEIBIID^.

GENUS 1. Nycteribia. Fig. 7. Nycteribia Hermanni. 7 «, the
same, walking, with the head (K) thrown back in the ordinary
position ; 7 b} thorax and abdomen, seen from beneath ; 7 c, ab-
domen, seen sideways ; 7 d, head, seen as when porrected, from
the side; 7 je, abdomen of Nycteribia Latreillii, seen from above ;
7 /, thorax and abdomen of ditto, seen from beneath.

J. 0. W.

DIPTERA. P1.XX.

LIST OF WORKS
PRINCIPALY ON NATURAL HISTORY,

PUBLISHED BY

REEVE AND CO.,

5, HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN.

BOTANY.

rilYCJOLOGIA BBITANNICA; or, History of the British Sea-
weeds ; containing coloured figures, and descriptions, of all
the species of Algae inhabiting the shores of the British
Islands. By Professsor HARVEY, M.D., M.B.I. A., Keeper
of .the Herbarium of the University of Dublin, and Professor
of Botany to the Dublin Society. The price of the work,
complete, strongly bound in cloth, is as follows : —

In three vols. royal 8vo, arranged in the! ^7 10 A

order of publication J

In four vols. royal 8vo, arranged sy sterna- 1 $„ ,„ „

tically according to the Synopsis J

A few Copies have been printed on large paper.

" The ' History of British Sea- weeds ' we can most faithfully recommend for
its scientific, its pictorial, and its popular value : the professed botanist will find
it a work of the highest character, whilst those who desire merely to know the
names and history of the lovely plants which they gather on the sea-shore, will
Hud in it the faithful portraiture of every one of them."- — Annals and Magazine
of Natural History .

" The drawings are beautifully executed by the author himself on" stone, the
dissections carefully prepared, and the whole account of the species drawn up in
such a way as cannot fail to be instructive, even to those who are well acquainted
with the subject. The greater part of our more common Algse have never been
illustrated in a manner agreeable to the present state of Algology." — Gardeners'
Chronicle.

NEREIS AUSTRALIS ; or, lUustrations of the Algse of the
Southern Ocean. By Professor HAKVEY, M.D., M.R.I. A.
To be completed in Pour Parts, each containing twenty-five
plates, imp. 8vo. Price 1Z. Is. coloured. Parts I. and II.
recently published,
" Of this most important contribution to our knowledge of exotic Algre, we I

know not if we can pay it a higher compliment than by saying it is worthy of the \

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author. It should he observed that the work is not a selection of certain species,
but an arranged system of all that is known of Australian Algae, accompanied by
figures of the new and rare ones, especially of those most remarkable for beauty
of form and colour." — London Journal of Botany.

THE EHODODENDEONS OF SIKKIM-HIMALAYA. With
drawings and descriptions made on the spot. By J. D.
HOOKER, M.D., F.E.S. Edited by Sir W. J. HOOKER,
D.C.L., F.E.S. In handsome imperial folio, with thirty plates.
Price 3£. 16*. coloured.

" In this work we have the first results of Dr. Hooker's botanical mission
to India. The announcement is calculated to startle some of our readers when
they know that it was only last January twelvemonths that the Doctor arrived
in Calcutta. That he should have ascended the Himalaya, discovered a num-
ber of plants, and that they should be published in England in an almost
UNEQUALLED STYLE or MAGNIFICENT ILLUSTRATION, in less than eighteen
months — is one of the marvels of our time." — AtTienceum.

" A most beautiful example of fine drawing and skilful colouring, while the
letter-press furnished by the talented author possesses very high interest. Of
the species of Rhododendron which he has found in his adventurous journey,
some are quite unrivalled in magnificence of appearance." — Gardeners' Chronicle.

POPULAE ECONOMIC BOTANY; or, Description of the Bo-
tanical and Commercial Characters of the Principal Articles of
Vegetable Origin, used for Food, Clothing, Tanning, Dyeing,
Building, Medicine, Perfumery, etc. Illustrated from the
Liverpool Collection of the Great Exhibition. By T. C.
ARCHER, Collector of Economic Botany to the New Crystal
Palace. Eoyal 16mo, with twenty plates of figures. Price
105. 6 d. coloured.

" Mr. Archer's volume, we are surprised to find, is the first popular book
that has been devoted exclusively to the commercial products of the Vegetable
Kingdom — of that which constitutes nine-twelfths of the whole commerce in
raw produce giving employment to our vast mercantile marine. . . . We can
heaitily recommend this most useful and entertaining little book." — Examiner.

" Every production of the vegetable world which tends to the use, the com-
fort, or the luxury of mankind, is noticed in its pages. . . . The illustrated figures
of the principal among them have been executed in a style hitherto only to be
found in the most costly works of descriptive Botany." — Leicestershire Mercury.
" Practically and scientifically qualified for his task, Mr. Archer has succeeded
in giving his information with clearness and conciseness, so vital to the success
of every popular manual." — Britannia.

POPULAE HISTOEY OF BEITISH SEA-WEEDS, comprising
all the Marine Plants. By the Eev. DAVID LANDSBOROUGH,
A.L.S., Member of the Wernerian Society of Edinburgh.
Second Edition. With twenty-two plates by Fitch. Eoyal
16mo. Price 10*. Qd. coloured.
" A work of much general interest. The descriptions are scientific as well as

popular, and the plates are clear and explicit. Not only the forms, but the uses of

REEVE AND CO., HENRIETTA STREET.

Algae, are minutely described. It is a worthy SEA-SIDE COMPANION — a hand-
book for every occasional or permanent resident on the sea-shore." — Economist.

"Those who wish to make themselves acquainted with British Sea-weeds,
cannot do better than begin with this elegantly illustrated manual." — Globe.

" This elegant work, though intended for beginners, is well worthy the perusal
of those advanced in the science." — Morning Herald.

POPULAR HISTORY OF BRITISH FERNS, comprising all
the Species. By THOMAS MOORE, F.L.S. With twenty plates
by Fitch. Royal 16mo. Price 10*. Qd. coloured.

" Mr. Moore's ' Popular History of British Ferns' forms one of the numerous
elegant and instructive books by which Messrs. Reeve and Co. have endeavoured
to popularize the study of Natural History. In the volume before us, Mr.
Moore gives a clear account of the British Ferns, with directions for their cul-
tivation ; accompanied by numerous coloured plates neatly illustrated, and pre-
ceded by a general introduction on the natural character of this graceful class of
plants." — Spectator.

" We have rarely seen a publication relating to plants where the object aimed
at is more fully accomplished than in this plegant volume." — Hooker's Journal.

"A prettily got-up book, and fit for a drawing-room table." — The Friend.

THE BOTANIST'S WORD-BOOK, being an Etymological and
Explanatory Vocabulary of the Terms used in Botany. By
GEORGE MACDONALD/ Esq., and PROFESSOR ALLAN. Fcap.
Price Is. Sd. cloth.

POPULAR FIELD BOTANY; containing a familiar and tech-
nical description of the plants most common to the British
Isles, adapted to the study of either the Artificial or Natural
Systems. By AGNES CATLOW. Third Edition. Arranged
in twelve chapters, each being the Botanical lesson for the
month. With twenty plates of figures. Royal 16mo. Price
10*. Qd. coloured.

" The design of this work is to furnish young persons with a Self-instructor in
Botany, enabling them with little difficulty to discover the scientific names of the
common plants they may find in their country rambles, to which are appended a
few facts respecting their uses, habits, &c. The plants are classed in months, the
illustrations are nicely coloured, and the book is altogether an elegant, as well as
useful present." — Illustrated London News.

(Under the Authority of the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty?)
FLORA ANTARCTICA ; or, Botany of the Antarctic Voyage of
H.M. Discovery Ships Erebus and Terror,, during the years j
1839-1843, under the command of Capt. Sir James Clark <
Ross, R.N., F.R.S. By J. D. HOOKER, M.D., F.R.S., &c., j
Botanist to the Expedition. In two vols. Royal 4to, cloth,
containing two hundred plates. Price 10£. 15*. coloured;
11. 10*. plain.
*** The Cryptogamic portion of this work may be had sepa-

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rately, in one volume, royal 4 to, with seventy-four plates. Price
41. 4*s. coloured; %l. Us. plain.

" The descriptions of the plants in this work are carefully drawn up, and much
interesting matter, critical, explanatory, and historical, is added in the form
of notes. The drawings of the plants are admirably executed by Mr. Fitch ;
and we know of no productions from his pencil, or, in fact, any botanical illus-
trations at all, that are superior in faithful representation and botanical correct-
ness."— Athenaum.

(Under the Authority of the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty?)

FLORA OF NEW ZEALAND. By Dr. J. D. HOOKER, F.R.S.

To be completed in Five Parts, each containing Twenty Plates.

Price 31s. Qd. coloured; 21s. plain.

" When completed, this will be the most important work that has yet appeared
in illustration of the vegetation of the British Australian possessions. . . . Let
us add, that the beautiful execution of the work renders it a ' library -book,' even
to those who are not interested about natural history." — Gardeners' Chronicle.

CURTIS'S BOTANICAL MAGAZINE (commenced in 1786);
Continued by Sir W. J. HOOKER, F.R.S., D.C.L., &c., Director
of the Royal Gardens of Kew.

*** Published in monthly numbers, each containing six plates,
price 3s. Qd. coloured ; and in annual volumes, price 42s.

HOOKER'S JOURNAL OF BOTANY and KEW GARDENS
MISCELLANY. Edited by Sir W. J. HOOKER, D.C.L., F.R.S.,
Director of the Royal Gardens, Kew.

This Botanical Journal, in addition to original papers by
Eminent Botanists, contains the Botanical News of the month,
Communications from Botanical Travellers, Notices of New
Books, &c.

*#* In monthly numbers, with a plate, price 2s.

THE LONDON JOURNAL OF BOTANY. Edited by Sir W.
J. HOOKER, D.C.L., F.R.S., etc. Vol. VII., completing the
series. 8vo, with twenty-three plates. Price 30s. plain.

ICONES PLA.NTARUM; or, Figures, with brief descriptive
characters and remarks, of new and rare Plants. 8vo.
New Series. Vol. V. With two hundred plates. 31s. &d. plain.

ILLUSTRATIONS OF BRITISH MYCOLOGY; containing
Figures and Descriptions of the Funguses of interest and
novelty indigenous to Britain. First Series. By Mrs. HUSSEY.
4to, cloth gilt, with ninety beautifully drawings. Price
11. 12s. Qd. coloured.
" This talented lady and her sister were in the first instance induced to draw

some of the more striking Fungi, merely as picturesque objects. Their collection

REEVE AND CO., HENRIETTA STREET.

of drawings at length became important from their number and accuracy, and
a long continued study of the nutritive properties of Fungi has induced the
former to lay the results of her investigations' before the public, under the
form of illustrations of the more useful and interesting species. The figures
are so faithful that there can be no difficulty in at once determining with
certainty the objects they are intended to represent ; and the observations will
be found of much interest to the general reader." — Gardeners' Chronicle.

" This is an elegant and interesting book : it would be an ornament to the
drawing-room table ; but it must not, therefore, be supposed that the value of
the work is not intrinsic, for a great deal of new and valuable matter accompanies
the plates, which are not fancy sketches, but so individualized and life-like, that
to mistake any species seems impossible. The accessories of each are significant
of site, soil, and season of growth, so that the botanist may study with advantage
what the artist may inspect with admiration." — Horning Post.

ILLUSTRATIONS OF BRITISH MYCOLOGY; containing
Figures and Descriptions of the Funguses of interest and
novelty indigenous to Britain. Second Series. By Mrs. HUSSEY.
Publishing in Monthly Parts, coloured drawings, price 5s.

VOICES FROM THE WOODLANDS ; or, History of Forest
Trees, Lichens, Mosses, and Ferns. By MARY ROBERTS.
Elegantly bound. With twenty Plates of Forest Scenery,
by FITCH. Royal 16mo. Price 10s. Qd. coloured.
" This work includes a wide range of genera, from the lichen to the oak, and
by way of giving variety to a subject so commonplace, the several plants are sup-
posed to tell their own stories, and describe their own family peculiarities." — Atlas.
" The fair authoress of this pretty volume has shown more than the usual
good taste of her sex in the selection of her mode of conveying to the young
interesting instruction upon pleasing topics. She bids them join in a ramble
through the sylvan wilds, and at her command the fragile lichen, the gnarled oak,
the towering beech, the graceful chestnut, and the waving poplar discourse elo-
quently, and tell their respective histories and uses." — Britannia.

THE VICTORIA REGIA. By Sir W. J. HOOKER, F.R.S., D.C.L.

In elephant folio. Illustrated on a large scale by W. Fitch.

Reduced to 21s.

The work on the Royal Water Lily contains four plates of very
large size, expensively coloured, illustrative of the different stages of
flowering and fruiting, with analyses of structure, as follows : —

1. A view of the entire plant, flower, fruit, and leaves, on the

water.

2. A flower of the natural size in progress of expanding, together

with as much of the enormous foliage as the broad dimen-
sions of the paper will admit.

3. A fully expanded flower of the natural size, with foliage, &c.

4. A vertical section of the fully developed flower, with various

dissections and analyses.
" Although many works have been devoted to the illustration and description

6 WORKS PUBLISHED BY

of the Victoria regia, it Seemed still to want one which, whilst it gave an accu-
rate botanical description of the plant, should at the same time show the natural
size of its gigantic flowers. This object has been aimed at by the combined la-
bours of Sir W. Hooker and Mr. Fitch, and with distinguished success. The
illustrations are everything that could be desired in the shape of botanical
drawings. They are accurate, and they are beautiful." — Athenceum.

A CENTUEY OP ORCHIDACEOUS PLA.NTS, selected from

those most worthy of cultivation figured in Curtis's Botanical

Magazine, with coloured figures and dissections, chiefly

executed by Mr. PITCH ; the descriptions (entirely re-written)

by Sir W. J. HOOKER, P.R.S., D.C.L. With an introduction

on the culture of Orchidacese generally, and on the treatment

of each genus; by J. C. LYONS, Esq. Royal 4to, containing

one hundred plates. Price Five Guineas, coloured.

" In the exquisite illustrations to this splendid volume full justice has been

rendered to the oddly formed and often brilliantly coloured flowers of this curious

and interesting tribe of plants." — Westminster and Foreign Quarterly Review.

" A very acceptable addition to our knowledge of the Orchis tribe. The plates
are beautifully executed, and have been selected with great care. Each species
has a brief character attached, and to each genus botanical and practical observa-
tions, from the pen of Sir William Hooker, are prefixed. The work is enriched
with a prefatory memoir by Mr. Lyons, full of sound judgment and experience,
on the most approved method of growing Orchids." — Literary Gazette.

THE ESCULENT PUNGUSES OP ENGLAND ; a treatise on

their History, Uses, Structure, Nutritious Properties, Mode

of Cooking, Preserving, &c. By the Kev. Dr. BADHAM.

Super-royal 8vo, with twenty-one plates. Price 21s. coloured.

" There is no reason why we should eschew frogs and relish turtle ; still less is

there for our eating one or two of the numerous edible funguses which our island

produces, and condemning all the rest. To draw attention to this fact, and to

supply an accurate account, with a correct delineation, of the esculent species of

this family in Great Britain, are the objects of the book before us. Such a work

was a desideratum in this country." — Athenceum.

PARKS AND PLEASURE-GROUNDS ; or, Practical Notes on
Country Residences, Villas, Public Parks, and Gardens. By
CHAELES H. J. SMITH, Landscape Gardener. Crown Svo.
Price 6s.

CONTENTS:— The House and Offices — The Approach— Pleasure Grounds and
Mower Gardens — The Park —Ornamental Character of Trees detached and
in combination — Planting — Fences of the Park and Pleasure Grounds —
Water — The Kitchen, Fruit, and Forcing Gardens — Public Parks and Gar-
dens—The Villa — The Laying-out and Improvement of Grounds. — The
Arboretum — The Piuetum.

" Mr. Smith expresses himself with frankness as well as precision, and with
such an evident reliance on the sympathy of his readers, as to make him a favou-
rite with those who are familiar with his* pages. In short, his book is what was

REEVE AND CO., HENRIETTA STREET.

really wanted in these busy times to bring the elegant in country residences
abreast of the useful." — North British Agriculturist.

" In describing the characters and requirements of the various descriptions of
ornamental grounds, Mr. Smith has happily chosen language so plain, and rules
so simple, that he leaves nothing to be wished for." — Liverpool Standard.

" The author gives the result of some twenty years' study and observation in
a methodical form and practical style." — Aberdeen Journal.

" Mr. Smith, who is a landscape-gardener and garden-architect of great expe-
rience, has worked out his design with ability and judgment." — Globe.

" The character of this publication is altogether practical, from the opening
hints upon the house and offices, to the closing directions about the arboretum
and the pinetum." — Spectator.

" Mr. Smith is an experienced landscape-gardener, and a man of much good
sense. His opinions are therefore entitled to attention." — Gardeners' Chronicle.

SANDERS'S PRACTICAL TREATISE ON THE CULTURE
OF THE YINE, as well under Glass as in the Open Air.
With plates. 8vo. Price 5*. plain.

" Mr. Assheton Smith's place at Tedworth has long possessed a great English \
reputation for the excellence of its fruit and vegetables : one is continually hear- ;
ing in society of the extraordinary abundance and perfection of its produce at
seasons when common gardens are empty, and the great world seems to have
arrived at the conclusion that the kitchen gardening and forcing there are
nowhere excelled. We have, therefore, examined with no common interest the
work before us, for it will be strange indeed, if a man who can act so skilfully as
Mr. Sanders should be unable to offer advice of corresponding value. We have
not been disappointed. Mr. Sanders's directions are as plain as words can make
them ; and, we will add, as judicious as his long experience had led us to expect.
After a careful perusal of his little treatise, we find nothing to object to, and
much to praise." — Gardeners' Chronicle.

" A clever, well-written, and nicely illustrated horticultural pamphlet, telling
us all we want to know on the subject." — Guardian.

( Under the Authority of the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty?)
BOTANY OF THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. HERALD, under the
command of Captain H. KELLETT, R.N., C.B. By BERTHOLD
SEEMANN, Member of the Imperial Academy Nat. Curiosorum.
To be completed in Ten Parts. Plates. 4to. 10*. plain.

THE TOURIST'S FLORA. A Descriptive Catalogue of the
Flowering Plants and Ferns of the British Islands, France,
Germany, Switzerland, and Italy. By JOSEPH WOODS,
F.L.S., F.G.S. 8vo. Price 18*.

" The appearance of this book has been long expected by us ; and we can justly
state that it has quite fulfilled all our expectations, and will support the high re-
putation of its author. Mr. Woods is known to have spent many years in collect-
ing and arranging the materials for the present work, with a view to which he
has, we believe, visited all the most interesting localities mentioned in it. This
amount of labour, combined with extensive botanical knowledge, has enabled him
to produce a volume such as few, if any other, botanists were capable of writing."
— Annals of Natural History.

WORKS PUBLISHED BY

ZOOLOGY.

( Under the Authority of the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty.}

ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. SAMARANG.
Edited by ATITHUR ADAMS, F.L.S., Assistant-Surgeon, R.N.,
attached to the Expedition.

VERTEBRATA. By JOHN EDWARD GRAY, F.R.S., Keeper of the
Zoological Department of the British Museum. One Part.
Price 10s. 6d.

\ FISHES. By Sir JOHN RICHARDSON, M.D., F.R.S. One Part.

Price 10*. Qd.
\ MOLLUSCA. By the EDITOR and LOVELL REEVE, F.L.S., F.G.S.

Including the anatomy of the Spirula, by Prof. OWEN, F.E.S.

Three Parts. Price II. lls. Qd.

CRUSTACEA. By the EDITOR and ADAM WHITE, F.L.S. Two
Parts. Price 3 8*. Qd.

\ *** Complete in one handsome royal 4to volume, containing 55
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! CONTRIBUTIONS TO ORNITHOLOGY. By SIR WILLIAM
JARDINE, Bart., F.R.S.E., F.L.S., &c.

The "CONTRIBUTIONS" are devoted to the various departments of Orni-
thology. They are published at intervals in Parts, and form an annual Volume,
illustrated by numerous coloured and uncoloured Plates, Woodcuts, &c.

The Series for 1848, 9s.; 1849, 21s.; 1850, 21s.; 1851, 18s.; \
1852, 24s.

POPULAR HISTORY OF MAMMALIA. By ADAM WHITE,
F.L.S. , Assistant in the Zoological Department of the British
Museum. With sixteen Plates of Quadrupeds, &c. By B.
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of animal has been used with much tact by Mr. White, who has a terse chatty
way of putting down his reflections, mingled with that easy familiarity which
every one accustomed daily to zoological pursuits is sure to attain. The book is
profusely illustrated." — Atlas.

"No book can better answer its purpose: the descriptions are as bright as
the pictures, and the kind-hearted playfulness of the style will make it an espe-
cial favourite; unlike most popular manuals, it is the product of first-rate
science." — Presbyterian Messenger.

REEVE AND CO., HENRIETTA STREET.

i >

I POPULAR HISTORY OF MOLLUSCA; or, Shells and their }

Animal Inhabitants. By MARY ROBERTS. With eighteen \

plates by Wing. Royal 16mo. Price 10s. Qd. coloured.

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various departments of Natural History, for which the public is indebted to

Messrs. Reeve & Co. . . . When we add, that the plates contain no fewer than

ninety figures of shells, with their animal inhabitants, all of them well, and several

admirably, executed, and that the text is written throughout in a readable and even

elegant style, with such digressions in poetry and prose as serve to relieve its

scientific details, we think that we have said enough to justify the favourable

opinion we have expressed." — British and Foreign Medico-Chirurgical Review.

POPULAR BRITISH ORNITHOLOGY ; comprising a familiar
and technical c'escription of the Birds of the British Isles.
By P. H. GOSSE. Second Edition. In twelve chapters, each
being the Ornithological lesson for the month. With twenty
plates of figures. Royal 16mo. Price 105. Qd. coloured.
" To render the subject of ornithology clear, and its study attractive, has been the

groat aim of the author of this beautiful little volume. ... It is embellished by

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student." — Globe.

POPULAR SCRIPTURE ZOOLOGY; or, History of the Animals
mentioned in the Bible. By MARIA E. CATLOW. With Six-
teen Plates. Royal 16mo. Price 10*. 6d. coloured.

"It contains a short and clear account of the animals mentioned in the Bible,
classed according to their genera, and illustrated by a number of well-executed
and characteristic coloured plates. It is a seasonable addition to a very nice set
of books," — Guardian.

" Miss Catlow's abilities as a naturalist, and her tact in popularizing any sub-
ject she undertakes, are too well known to need reiteration on this occasion." —
Notes and Queries.

" It is a pleasant mixture of popular and scientific matter. . . . The book is
illustrated by characteristic coloured plates." — Spectator.

THE DODO AND ITS KINDRED ; or, the History, Affinities,
and Osteology of the DODO, SOLITAIRE, and other extinct
birds of the islands Mauritius, Rodriguez, and Bourbon. By
H. E. STRICKLAND, Esq., M.A., E.E.G.S., F.G.S., and A. G.
MELVILLE, M.D. Royal quarto, with eighteen plates and
numerous wood-illustrations. Price 21s.

" The labour expended on this book, and the beautiful manner in which it is
got up, render it a work of great interest to the naturalist. . . . It is a model
of how such subjects should be treated. We know of few more elaborate and
careful pieces of comparative anatomy than is given of the head and foot by
Dr. Melville. The dissection is accompanied by lithographic plates, creditable alike
to the Artist and the Printer." — Athenaeum.

10

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CONCHOLOGIA ICONICA ; or, Figures and Descriptions of the
Shells of Molluscous Animals, with critical remarks on their
synonyms, affinities, and circumstances of habitation. By
LOVELL REEVE, F.L.S., F.G.S.

*** Demy 4to. Published monthly, in Parts, each containing
eight plates. Price 10s. coloured.

SOLD ALSO IN MONOGRAPHS :

1 9

Achatinella 0 8

Achatiua

s. d.

Area

Artemis

Buccinum

Bulimus

Bullia .

Cardita .

Cardium

Cassidaria

Cassis .

Chama .

Chiton .

Chitonellus 0 1

Conus ..30

Corbula

Crassatellc

Cyprsea

1 1
0 13
0 18
5 12
0 5

0 11

1 8
0 1
0 15
0 11

2 2

0 G

0 4

1 14

Dolium . .
Eburna .
Fasciolaria .
Ficula . .
Fissurella .
Fustis . .
Glaucouome
Haliotis
Harpa .
Hernipecten
Isocardia .
Lucina .
Man gel ia .
Mesalia i
Eglisia * '
Mitra . .
JMonoceros
Murex . .
Myadora .
Oliva

0 10
0 1

090
0 1 G

0 6
6 6

0 1

1 1
0 5
0 1
0 1

0 14 0
0 10 6

016
2 10 0

0 5
2 5

016

1 18 0

Oniscia .
Paludomus
Partula .
Pectunculus
Phorus . .
Pleurotoma
Pterocera .
Purpura
Pyrula . .
Ranella . .
Ricinula
Rostellaria
Strombus .
Struthiolaria
Turbiuella .
Triton . .
Turbo . .
Turritella .
Voluta .

Cypricardia 0 3
Delphinula . 0 6

The genera HELIX and PECTEN are in course of publication.

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PLEUROTOMA PECTUNCULUS CYPRICARDIA
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VOL. III. MUREX MANGELIA MONOCEROS

CYPR^EA PURPURA BULLIA

HALIOTIS RICINULA BUCCINUM

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VOL. IV. CHAMA FICULA Fusus

CHITON PYRULA PALUDOMUS

CHITONELLUS TURBINELLA TURBO

FASCIOLARIA
[110 Plates, price 71. la. 6d. half-bound.]

0 1
0 4
0 5
0 11
0 4
2 10
0 8
0 17
0 11
0 10
0 8

0 4

1 4
0 1

0 17

1 5
0 17

0 14

1 8

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VOL. V. BULIMUS CASSIS ONISCIA

ACHATINA TURRITELLA C ASS ID ARIA

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EGLISIA
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VOL. VI. VOLUTA ARTEMIS STROMBUS

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The figures are drawn and lithographed by Mr. G. B. SOWEKBY,
Junr., of the natural size, from specimens chiefly in the collection of
Mr. Cuming.

" This great work is intended to embrace a complete description and illustra-
tion of the shells of molluscous animals, and, so far as we have seen, it is not
such as to disappoint the large expectations that have been formed respecting it.
The figures of the shells are all of full size ; in the descriptions a careful analysis
is given of the labours of others ; and the author has apparently spared no pains
to make the work a standard authority on the subject of which it treats." —
Athenaeum.

CONCHOLOGIA SYSTEMATICA ; or, Complete System of Con-
chology, illustrated with 300 plates of upwards of 1500
figures of Shells. By LOVELL REEVE, F.L.S., F.G.S. 2 vols.
4to. Price 10£. coloured ; 61. plain.

" The text is both interesting and instructive ; many of the plates have ap-
peared before in Mr. Sowerby's works, but from the great expense of collecting
them, and the miscellaneous manner of their publication, many persons will no
doubt gladly avail themselves of this select and classified portion, which also
contains many original figures." — Athenaeum.

ELEMENTS OF CONCHOLOGY ; or, Introduction to the Natural
History of Shells and their animals. By LOVELL REEVE, F.L.S.
Parts I. to X., price 3s. 6d. each.

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POPULAR BRITISH ENTOMOLOGY, comprising a familiar
and technical description of the Insects most common to the
British Isles. By MARIA E. CATLOW. Second Edition. In
twelve chapters, each being the Entomological lesson for the
month. In one vol., with sixteen plates of figures. Eoyal
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" Judiciously executed, with excellent figures of the commoner species, for the

12 WORKS PUBLISHED BY

use of young beginners." — Annual Address of the President of the Entomological
Society.

" Miss Catlow's ' Popular British Entomology' contains an introductory chapter
or two on classification, which are followed by brief generic and specific descn'p-
tions in English of above 200 of the commoner British species, together with
accurate figures of about 70 of those described ; and will be quite a treasure to
anyone just commencing the study of this fascinating science." — Westminster
and Foreign Quarterly Review.

\ CURTIS'S BRITISH ENTOMOLOGY, being Illustrations and
Descriptions of the Genera of Insects found in Great Britain
and Ireland, comprising coloured figures, from nature, of the
most rare and beautiful species, and, in many instances, of the
plants upon which they are found. By JOHN CURTIS, F.L.S.

The ' British Entomology ' was originally brought out in Monthly
$ Numbers, size royal 8vo, at 4s. Gd., each containing four coloured
| plates with text. It was commenced in 1824, and completed in
\ 1840, in 193 Numbers, forming 16 volumes, price £43 16s.

The work is now offered new, and in the best condition : —
Price to Subscribers for complete copies in sixteen volumes, £21.
Price of the new issue, and of odd Numbers . . 3s. Qd. per No.

*#* Vols. I. II. III. and IV. of the New Issue are now ready for

delivery.

INSECTA BRITANNICA. DIPTERA. By F. WALKER, Esq.,
F.L.S. Vol. I. and II. Illustrated with plates. Price 25s.
plain.

(Under the Authority of the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty?)

THE FOSSIL MAMMALS COLLECTED IN NORTH-
WESTERN AMERICA DURING THE VOYAGE OF
H.M.S. HERALD, under the command of Captain Henry
Kellett, R.N., C.B., while in search of Sir John Franklin. By
Sir JOHN RICHARDSON, C.B., F.R.S. In royal 4to, with
Fifteen double Plates. Price 21s.

THE ARTIFICIAL PRODUCTION OF FISH. By PISCARIUS.
Third Edition. Price Is.

" The object of this little book is to make known the means by which fish of

all descriptions may be multiplied in rivers to an almost incalculable extent

This principle of increase Piscarius has carried out by argument and experiment
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the country gentleman, and the clergyman ; for it shows how an immense addi-
tion may be made to the people's food with scarcely any expense." — Era.

REEVE AND CO., HENRIETTA STREET. 13

POPULAR HISTORY OF BRITISH ZOOPHYTES. By the
Rev. Dr. LANDSBOKOUGH. With Twenty Plates. Royal
16mo. Price 10*. 6d. coloured.

" This work constitutes one of the popular series of scientific treatises which,
from the simplicity of their style, and the artistic excellence and correctness of
their numerous illustrations, has acquired a celehrity beyond that of any other
series of modem cheap works. "With this manual of Zoophytes, and that upon
Seaweeds by the same author, the student can ramble along the sea-shores and
glean knowledge from every heap of tangled weed that lies in his pathway."
— Liverpool Standard.

" Parents who sojourn for a few months at the sea-side will find him a safe
and profitable companion for their children. He will tell them not only to see,
but to think ; and he is moreover a cheerful, and at times a merry teller of inci-
dents belonging to his subject." — Belfast Mercury.

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which will greatly add to the interest of a temporary or permanent residence by
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section of the deep." — Weekly News.

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VOYAGES AND TRAVELS.

TRAVELS ON THE AMAZON AND RIO NEGRO. By
ALFRED R. WALLACE, ESQ. With Remarks on the Vocabu-
laries of Amazonian Languages. By R. G. LATHAM, M.D.,
F.R.S. 8vo.

WESTERN HIMALAYA AND TIBET; the Narrative of a
Journey through the Mountains of Northern India, during the
Years 1847-8. By THOMAS THOMSON, M.D. With Tinted
Lithographs and a new Map by Petermann. 8vo, 15s.

" Few more valuable volumes of travels than this by Dr. Thomson have been
for a long time past published. Long after the interest which its novelty will
create shall have passed away, it will be a standard book of reference on account
of the valuable facts which it contains, and of the spirit of sound observation in
which it is written." — Athenaum.

" The work is one of durable importance. The most general reader will not

find Dr. Thomson's journey tedious We have in this volume matter

which will inform every man who reads it steadily, and follows the author's
route with attention to the Map." — Examiner.

" To all those who desire to judge scientifically of what is possible in the cul-
tivation of the Indo-Alpine Flora, which is no\v so rapidly enriching our gardens,
/ works of this description have great interest." — Gardeners' Chronicle.

" We can most cordially recommend Dr. Thomson's work to all those who wish
to obtain a clear idea of this magnificent and interesting region, to which our
late conquest in the Punjaub has brought us into such close contiguity." —
Guardian.

" This is a valuable contribution to our knowledge of a remote and lately ex-
plored tract of the earth's surface." — Advertiser.

14 WORKS PUBLISHED BY

CIRCUMNAVIGATION OF THE GLOBE, being the NARRA-
TIVE OF THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. HERALD, under
the command of Captain Henry Kellett, R.N., C.B., during
the years 1845-1851. By BERTHOLD SEEMANN, Member
of the Imperial Academy Nat. Curiosorum. In Two Volumes,
8vo, with Tinted Lithographs and a New Map by Petermann.

""With extensive knowledge in geography and its cognate sciences, Mr.
Seemanu possesses a close and vivid style, which expresses his ideas not only
with clearness but animation." — Spectator,

" Mr. Seemann is always a lively and agreeable companion, and has the merit
of directing the attention of the general reader to applied Natural History rather
than to questions interesting only to the student of pure science ; he now appears
as the narrator of an important circumnavigation of the globe." — Gardeners'
Chronicle.

TRAVELS IN THE INTERIOR OF BRAZIL; principally
through the Northern Provinces and the Gold and Diamond
Districts, during the years 1836-41. By the late GEORGE
GARDNER, M.D., F.L.S., Superintendent of the Royal Botanic
Gardens of Ceylon. Second and cheaper Edition. With a Map
of the Author's Route and View of the Organ Mountains.
Price 12s. cloth; ]8*. bound.

" When camping out on the mountain-top or in the wilderness ; roughing it in
his long journeys through the interior ; observing the very singular mode of life
there presented to his notice ; describing the curious characters that fell under his
observation, the arts or substitutes for arts of the people, and the natural pro-
ductions of the country — these Travels are full of attraction. The book, like
- the country it describes, is full of new matter." — Spectator.

" This volume is from the pen of an able naturalist, whose heart is in his occu-
pation Some of the regions he visited have seldom been trodden by

Europeans — never by Englishmen ; so that his observations derive value from
the novelty of the matter to which they relate." — Athenaeum.

MISCELLANEOUS.

POPULAR PHYSICAL GEOLOGY. Illustrated on a new and
striking plan by twenty double-tinted Lithograph Landscapes,
each depicting some special geological phenomenon, drawn
and coloured from nature. By J. BEETE JUKES, Esq., M.A.,
F.R.S., Local Director of the Geological Survey of Ireland,
and President of the Geological Society of Dublin. Royal
16mo. Price 10*. &d.

" Mr. J. Beete Jukes's ' Popular Physical Geology ' is one of the best of the
popular scientific manuals which have been published in a series by Messrs. Reeve
and Co." — Guardian.

" Mr. Beete Jukes is well known as a Geologist, and he has given the public a
work at once popular and original. By original, we do not mean to intimate

REEVE AND CO., HENRIETTA STREET.

15

that he has propounded in it new theories or original discoveries, but that the
hook is a writing out of his own experience, without abridgment or re-writing
of other books. The result is admirable for perspicuity, for charm of exposi-
tion, and for solid instruction. The book is illustrated with twenty tinted litho-
graphs, from drawings by Mr. Jukes and Mr. Dunoyer, who is himself a Geologist,
and they are of rare excellence as illustrations ; altogether it is an introduction to
the study of Geology to be most emphatically recommended." — Leader.

" This is one of the most remarkable works on Geology which have yet been
published ; Mr. Jukes has struck out a new path for the geological student, and
has done more to remove the difficulties which impeded his progress than any
previous author. Rarely, indeed, have we perused any introductory manual with
greater pleasure; every word we have read has conveyed the impression that
Mr. Jukes is an original observer, thoroughly conversant with his subject, and
aware of the difficulties to be overcome. His language is graceful, simple, and
free from everything like scientific pedantry." — Liverpool Courier.

POPULAR MINERALOGY; a Familiar account of Minerals and
their Uses. By HENRY SOWERBY. With Tweuty plates of
figures. Royal 16mo. Price 10s. Qd. coloured.

" Mr. Sowerby has endeavoured to throw around his subject every attraction.
His work is fully and carefully illustrated with coloured plates." — Spectator.

TALPA; or, THE CHRONICLES OF A CLAY FARM: an
Agricultural Fragment. By C. W. H. Second Edition. With
Twenty-four Illustrations by GEORGE CRUIKSHANK. 12mo.
Price 8*.

" If there still remains a real living unsatisfied Protectionist, we in all hearti-
ness and goodwill recommend to him the amusing and instructive ' Chronicles '
before us. . . .To complete its attractions, every chapter of the work has been
illustrated by the inimitable George Cruikshank." — Sherborne Journal.

" The writer handles this subject in such a masterly manner — his style is so
piquant, as well as forcible, so scholarly, yet so racy — his wit and his wisdom are
so skilfully blended — he has so cleverly worked out his motto, Ridentem dicere
venim, by telling the truth laughingly — that the reader finds himself irresistibly
carried along, and he and the book part not company until he has made himself
master of the tale that he has to unfold." — Leicestershire Mercury.

" This is a rare little volume. We don't know which to admire most, the
author's humour or his wisdom. He has set himself the task of illustrating, in
an agreeable manner, the evils of Custom, Prejudice, and Feudalism, as they
exist among agriculturists. It will create much laughter among the merry, and
convey many a lesson to the tiller of the soil. There are some very capital
illustrations too embellishing the volume." — Era.

" Cleverly written in a vein of pleasantry, the work perseveringly uproots the
prejudice of the past, and demonstrates that scientific knowledge is an important
element in successful tillage." — Lincoln Mercury.

"The vignettes of Mr. Cruikshank are the happiest proofs we have lately
seen that the genius of this fine artist's earlier day is still fresh and unimpaired.
The farmers should be very grateful to have such a nice little book provided for
their especial use, entertainment, and profit." — Examiner.

16 WORKS PUBLISHED. BY REEVE AND CO.

DROPS OF WATER; their marvellous and beautiful Inhabitants
displayed by the Microscope. By AGNES CATLOW. Square
12mo, with plates. Price Is. 6d. coloured.

" ' Drops of Water ' is an introduction to one of Nature's inexhaustible sources
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" An elegant little book, both in the getting up and its literature. . . . The
text is accompanied by coloured plates, that exhibit the most remarkable creatures
of the watery world." — Spectator.

" Of the manner in which this work is executed, we can say that, like Miss
Catlow's previous productions on Natural History, it displays an accurate
acquaintance with the subject, and a keen delight in the contemplation of the
objects to which it is devoted. As far as the living beings which inhabit ' Props
of Water' are concerned, we know of no better introduction to the use of the
microscope than the present volume." — Athenasum.

ILLUSTRATIONS of the WISDOM and BENEVOLENCE of
the DEITY, as manifested in Nature. By H. EDWARDS, LL.D.
16mo, 2s, Qd.

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THE PLANETARY AND STELLAR UNIVERSE. By
ROBERT JAMES MANN. With fifty astronomical Diagrams and
Maps of the Circumpolar Constellations. Fcap. Price 5s.

"A brief abstract of the discoveries of Newton, clearly explained and elegantly
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NEW WORKS

Preparing for Publication.

POPULAR BRITISH CONCHOLOGY, comprising all the British
Mollusks and Shells. By G. B. SOWERBY, Jun., F.L.S.

POPULAR HISTORY OF BRITISH MOSSES, comprising all
the British Species. By R. M. STARK, Esq.

POPULAR GARDEN BOTANY, comprising the cultivated I
Garden Flowers. By AGNES CATLOW.

DAIRY FARMING : a Treatise on the Rearing and Feeding of \
Dairy Stock. By J. H. SAUNDERS, Esq.

Printed by J E. Taylor, Little Queen-street, Lincoln's Inn Fields.

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