o <3rd? /'^ i INVENTORY OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS 1990 W Environment Ontario ISSN 0836-1037 RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY BRANCH ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH PROGRAM INVENTORY OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS 1990 INVENTORY OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS 1990 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Introduction 1 Research Advisory Committee Projects 2 Air Resources Branch Projects 113 Hazardous Contaminants Coordination Branch Projects 121 Laboratory Services Branch Projects 124 Waste Management Branch Projects 143 Water Resources Branch Projects 147 Regional Projects 156 Ontario Pesticides Advisory Committee Projects 163 - 1 - INTRODUCTION The Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Research and Technology Branch publishes the Inventory of Research and Development Projects annually in order to ensure the dissemination of research findings to the environmental scientific community. This document reflects the Ministry's commitment to environmental research through effective allocation of resources in a manner consistent with Ministry policies and priorities. The inventory presents summaries of research projects funded by the Ministry and in progress during 1990. It includes research grants and contracts to universities, consultants and other external research institutions and agencies, as well as internal research projects. The summaries are reported according to the sponsoring committee. Branch or Region as follows: - Research Advisory Committee - Air Resources Branch - Hazardous Contaminants Coordination Branch - Laboratory Services Branch - Waste Management Branch - Water Resources Branch - Regions - Ontario Pesticides Advisory Committee The budget and resources information provided reflects only the originally approved allocations. Further information pertaining to any of the projects may be obtained by contacting the principal investigator or the project liaison officer. Information about the Ministry's Environmental Research Program can be obtained from: Research and Technology Branch Ontario Ministry of the Environment 135 St. Clair Avenue West, 9th Floor Toronto, Ontario M4V 1P5 Telephone: (416) 323-4574 - 2 - RESEARCH ADVISORY COMMITTEE TABLE OF CONTENTS Project No. Title Page 296C Slow Sand Filtration for Production of 10 Drinking Water in Small Northern Communities 299C Clay/Leachate Compatibility Study 11 Hydraulic Conductivity of Ottawa-Carleton "Leda" Clay Barrier Soils Permeated with Domestic Waste Leachate 333G Slow Rate Infiltration Land Treatment and 12 Recirculation of Landfill Leachate in Ontario 3 36C Development of the Backfill and 13 Construction Application Guidelines - Phase II 344G In Situ Determination of Fecal Indicator 14 Bacteria Survival in Agriculturally Impacted Watersheds 346C Development of Ambient Air Monitoring 16 Methodologies for Dioxins and Furans 356G Development of a Hydrologic Model to 17 Predict the Environmental Fate of De-icing Salts 376G Solid Phase Extraction of PAH ' s From 18 Drinking Water and Analysis of Chlorophenols and Phenoxy-acid Herbicides in Water 386G Hamilton Air: Chemical Composition and 19 Genotoxic Activity of Respirable Particulate and Organic Vapours 387G Partial Support of a Collection of Algal, 21 Microbial and Plant Cell Cultures 388C Sampling of Biomedical Waste Incinerators 22 - 3 - Project No. Title Page 389C Modelling Higher Moments of the 23 Concentration Probability Distribution (Concentration Fluctuations) 392G A Study of Geochemical Modification of 24 Groundwater Discharging Into Surface Water From an Industrial Disposal Site 393G Measuring Groundwater Velocity and 25 Hydrodynamic Dispersion in a Single Fracture in Fractured Shale 396G Tillage and Event Based Soil and Phosphorus 26 Loss 4 00G An Integral Model Study of the Airborne 27 Chemical Contaminants From Chemical Plants and Research Buildings: Their Detection, Identification and a Proposed Method for Their Elimination 401G Atmospheric Measurements of Natural 28 Hydrocarbons Using Gas Chromatograph/Mass Spectrometry 405G Determination of the Dose-Reponses for 29 Tissue Contamination and Growth of Vegetable Crops Exposed to Chronic Levels of Organic Environmental Contaminants Originating from Industrial Processes 407C An Investigation of Vibration Isolation in 30 a House for Reduction of Train Vibration 410C Landfill Monitoring Protocol Development 31 for Ontario 411C Classification and Leachability of 32 Hazardous Waste Residues 412C Chlorinated and Nonchlorinated Organics 33 Storage Studies 413C Solid Phase Extraction of Triazines and 34 Organophosphorus Compounds From Water - 4 - Project No. Title Page 414G Flow Injection Sample Introduction for 35 Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission and Mass Spectrometry 417G Wildlife Toxicology Fund Projects 36 418G Environmental Evaluation Research 37 421G Recycling of Textile Dyebath Effluents 38 4 2 3G Chemical Exposure Pathways in Ontario 39 424G Monitoring Exposure and Effects of 41 Organic Substances in the Huron-Erie Corridor 427G Behavioural Ecology of the Eastern 43 Subterranean Termite in Ontario as a Basis for Control 429G Carcinogencity Testing of Industrial 45 Effluents Using a Rainbow Trout Assay 4 3 2G Devleopment of an Expert System for 46 Automated Analysis of Metals 4 3 3G Development of Multivariate Analysis 48 Procedures for Ontario Air Quality Data 434G Investigations Into the Analysis of 49 Hydride-Forming Elements 437G Modelling Municipal Water Systems for 51 Demand Management 440C Quantifying Infiltration Through 52 Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Covers 44 IC In Situ Biodegradation of Chlorinated 53 Solvents as a Remedial Technology for Contaminated Groundwater 443G Ecology and Control of the Biofouler, 54 Dreissena polymorpha , (Bivalvia: Dreissenidae) , New to the Great Lakes - 5 - Project No. Title Page 444G Groundwater Impact From Large Septic 55 Systems for Sewage Disposal in Ontario 445C Regional Low Flow Analysis for the 56 Central and Southeastern Regions of Ontario 450G Standardized Rearing Materials and 57 Procedures for Hexagenia. a Benthic Bioassay Organism 452C Multispectral Remote Sensing Techniques 58 for Past, Present and Future Mapping of Chlorophyll 453G New Methods for Rapid Sample Digestion 59 454C Standard Reference Materials for Trace 60 Organic Analysis of Aqueous Environmental Samples 457G An Assessment of Landuse Impact on the 61 Microclimate of the Fonthill Kame 459C Review of Established Regulatory Policies 62 Using Genotoxicity Tests, Current Capability, and Recommendations for Future Developments 461G Statistical Assessment of Multivariate 63 Ordination Techniques for Zoobenthic Communities and Water Chemistry for Lakes from Central Ontario 462G The Relative Effect of Individual 64 Environmental Factors on Indicator Bacterial Survival 465G C02 Production and Carbon Cycling in 65 Precambrian Shield Watersheds 466C Determination of Hydrogeological and 66 Contamination Transport Properties of Fractured, Weathered Leda Clay in Eastern Ontario - 6 - Project No. Title Page 467G Practical Application of Fecal Coliform 67 (FC) to Streptococcus Facesium Subsp. Casselif lavus SC and Bifidobacterium to SC Ratio to Determine Human and Animal Sources of Pollution 468G Zooplankton Communities and Water 68 Chemistry of Sudbury Area Lakes: Changes Related to pH Recovery 469G Abiotic Factors Involved in Predicting 69 Trace Metal Levels in Freshwater Bivalves 470C Sequential Sampling, Amphiod Abundance, 70 and Lake Acidification: Development of a Simple and Ubiquitous Biomonitoring Tool 473G Psychosocial Impacts in Populations Exposed 71 to Solid Waste Facilities and the Hagersville Tire Fire 474C A Study of Peak Ozone Levels in the Toronto 72 Area 475C The Development of a Long Range Transport 73 Model with a Nested fine Resolution Grid 476C Phytotoxicity of Uranium 74 477G Nonaqueous Phase Liquid (NAPL) Removal From 75 Soil and Rock 478G Interpretation of Sugar Maple Ring 76 Chronologies from Central and Southern Ontario Using a Mixed Linear Model 479C Dense gas Dispersion Modelling Including 77 Obstacles and Topography 480G Basic and Applied Studies with a Trace Gas 78 Analyzer 481C Determination of Residential Wood Burning 79 Impact in Ontario Communities - 7 - Project No. Title Page 482G Analysis of Spatial and Temporal 80 Distribution of Inhalable Air Particulates in Ontario 483G The Significance of Metabolic Changes in 81 Jack Pine Seedlings for Early Diagnosis of Flouride Injury 484G Retention of Toxic Landfill Leachate 82 Metals by Soils 485C Ontario Hydrobiotite Vermiculite as a 83 Potential Landfill Liner and Adsorbent 486G Verification Studies of a Body Burden 84 Based Model for Predicting the Sublethal Toxicity of Fluctuating Contaminant Exposures to Fish 4 87G Removal of Chlorophenols from Wastewaters 8 5 by the Photolysis of Hydrogen Peroxide Using Ultraviolet Light and Sun-Simulated Light 488G Impact of Livestock Manure and Fertilizer 86 Application on Nitrate Contamination of Groundwater 489G Development of Reliable Treatment Systems 87 for Milkhouse Wash Water 490C Evaluation of the Impact of Timber 88 Management Practices on Lake Water Using Satellite Remote Sensing Data 491G The Effectiveness of a Stormwater 89 Management Pond in the Removal of Urban Contaminants From Stormwater 492G Causes of Pollution-Associated Neoplasms 90 in Fish in Lake Ontario 493G Geochemical Characterization and Size 91 Fractionation of Metal/Particulate Discharges to the Don River - 8 - Project No. Title Page 494G Impact of Bleached Kraft Mill Effluent 92 on Reproductive, Biochemical and Immunological Characteristics of White Sucker and Whitefish 495G Flow of Manure Through Soil Macropores 93 496G Characterization and Biotechnical Uses 94 of the Extracellular Emulsifying Agent Produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 497G Automatable Total Cynanide Analysis 95 498G Development of an Automated Batch 96 Hydride Generator for the Determination of Arsenic and Selenium 499G Supercritical Extraction Methods for 97 Aqueous and Carbon Sorbent Samples 500G The Use of Environmental Isotope Surveys 98 in Assessing Contamination Potential of Confined Aquifers 501G Experimental and Theoretical Study of 99 Guelph Pilot Scale Solid Waste Composter 502G Bioconversion of the Mechanically 100 Separable Paper Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste to Fuel Alcohol 503C Development of an Enzyme Immunoassay 101 for the Rapid Detection and Quantification of Glyphosate 504G Development of Techniques and 102 Methodologies for the Direct Analysis of Solids and Difficult Samples by ICE-AES and ICP-MS 505G Physical Modelling of Contaminant 103 Plumes from Landfills 506C Accurate Control Testing for Clay Liner 104 Permeability - 9 - Project No. Title Page 507G Reassessment of the Efficiency of 105 Market Policies for Pollution Control 508G Municipal Recycling Programs and 106 Household Conservation Behaviour 509C Economy-Environmental Linkages and 107 Sustainable Development in Ontario 510G Determination of Geochemical Modification 108 of Groundwater Entering Surface Waters from an Industrial and a Municipal Disposal Site 511C Development and Validation of a New, 109 Rapid, and Economical Surrogate Bioassay for Industrial Contaminants 512G The Effect of Farm Liquid Waste 110 Application on Receiving Water Quality 513G Novel Approach for the Development of 111 Transgenic Plants Resistent to Pathogens: An Alternative to Reduce the Use of Chemical Pesticides 514G Development of Procedures for Improved 112 Data Quality for Monitoring Sewage Treatment Plants Under the MISA Program - 10 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X Contract X Solicited INTERNAL Grant Unsolicited X PROJECT TITLE: Slow Sand Filtration for Production PROJECT NO: 296C of Drinking Water in Small START DATE: 11/86 Northern Communities SHORT TITLE: Slow Sand Filtration PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: W.J. Hargrave , P. Eng. Gore &. Storrie Limited LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): J. Dart Water Resources Branch 323-A876 OBJECTIVE(S) : To investigate the design, operation and maintenance of slow sand filtration for the treatment of drinking water in small northern communities . PROJECT DESCRIPTION: 1. To assemble design, operation, maintenance and cost information on slow sand filtration through laboratory and on-side studies. 2. To evaluate simple chemical dosing systems, the potential colour removal, and to operate pilot test site. Successful completion of the study will provide information on design and operation of slow sand filtration systems with particular reference to colour removal . BUDGET AND Year: {* current) A 5* 6 TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (SOOO's): 150.0 Work Years: Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: slow sand filtration, design, operation, maintenance cost, chemical dosing, colour removal OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): Paper presented at the Technology Transfer Conference 1987. EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies) COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. , RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc.) . - 11 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1989 EXTERNAL X Contract Solicited INTERNAL Grant X Unsolicited X PROJECT TITLE: Clay/Leachate Compatibility Study PROJECT NO: 299C Hydraulic Conductivity of Ottawa-Car leton "Leda" Clay START DATE: 03/87 Barrier Soils Permeated with Domestic Waste Leachate SHORT TITLE: Domestic Leachates PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. R.M. Quigley, Director of Geotechnical Research Centre University of Western Ontario LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): R. Dunn MOB (SE Region) (613) 521-3450 OBJECTIVE(S) : To assess the compatibility of four Leda Clay samples (from the Ottawa-Carleton region) with typical domestic waste leachate. The work would be used as input for environmental hearings associated with selection of future landfill sites on leda clay. The work was requested by MacLaren Engineers at the request of the Ontario Ministry of the Environment. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Four "typical" Leda clay samples would be supplied by Colder Associates (Ottawa) under the supervision of MacLaren Engineers. These samples would be subjected to permeation by domestic waste leachate to assess any changes in hydraulic conductivity. Extensive gheraical analyses of both the influent and effluent liquids would indicate any retardation of selected soluble species. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 12 3 TOTAL RESOURCES : Cost: (SOOO's): 25.0 25.0 Work Years: O.A O.A Budget Source: RAG KEYWORDS: Ottawa-Carleton Leda Clays, hydraulic conductivity, permeation, domestic leachate, soluble chemical retardation OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS: Report submitted to Liaison Officer on August 2, 1988 for Review. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAG, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) . - 12 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X Contract Solicited INTERNAL Grant X Unsolicited X PROJECT TITLE: Slow Rate Infiltration Land PROJECT NO: 333G Treatment and Recirculation of Landfill Leachate START DATE: OA/87 in Ontario SHORT TITLE: Recirculation of Leachates PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. R.A. McBride Land Resource Science University of Guelph LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): A. Oda Waste Management Branch 323-5129 OBJECTIVE (S) : 1. To evaluate slow rate infiltration land treatment of leachate in forest/agricultural areas. 2. To evaluate recirculation of leachate as partial treatment. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: This is a three-year research study which will achieve the above objectives through the establishment of pilot-scale installations and the implementation of perturbation experiments at four sites across Ontario. Intensive characterization and monitoring of the more important biotic and abiotic ecosystem components will be carried out. Landfill recirculation will also be investigated as a means of pretreatment prior to slow rate infiltration land application, by lessening both leachate volume and strength. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 4 5 6* TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (SOOO's): 171.2 147.8 128.4 447.4 Work Years: 6 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: leachate treatment, land application, recirculation, soil infiltration, irrigation (spray, trickle, sub-surface), effects on vegetation OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): Paper presented at the Technology Transfer Conference 1987 & 1988. EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies] COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc.) . - 13 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X INTERNAL Contract X Grant Solicited Unsolicited X PROJECT TITLE: Development of the Backfill and Construction Application Guidelines - Phase II PROJECT NO: START DATE: 336C 04/87 SHORT TITLE: Backfill Guidelines PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: M. Kellcher Project Manager CANVIRO Consultants Ltd. LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.) R. Dalrymple Waste Management Branch 323-5211 OBJECTIVE (S) : To identify Ontario sites where industrial waste has been/is being used as backfill, to carry out a comprehensive study of the impact; to assess changes with time; to assess draft guidelines developed in Phase I. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Phase II work will primarily involve detailed bulk quality characterization and leachate testing of backfill material from selected sites, as well as site hydrogeologic investigations and the uses of these data in the criteria assessment exercise. In addition, changes to the Phase I work as per previous discussions will also be included in the Phase II work. BUDGET AND RESOURCES: Year: ("' current I TOTAL Cost: (SOOO's): Work Years: 2 Budget Source: RAC 21.9 173.1 195.0 KEYWORDS: inert fill guidelines, landfill testing, quality evaluation OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): 1. MOE Guideline on the Use of Waste Materials in Construction Backfill Applications (pending resolution of overall policy on materials management). 2. Potential paper &. presentations at conferences on subject of "Waste as Backfill". EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS: Final report expected by Fall '90 but action regarding findings and a backfill guideline must await resolution of the materials policy initiative. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc.) . - 14 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X INTERNAL Contract Grant X Solicited Unsolicited PROJECT TITLE: In Situ Determination of Fecal PROJECT NO: 34AG Indicator Bacteria Survival in Agriculturally Impacted START DATE: 11/87 Watersheds SHORT TITLE: Watershed Indicator Bacteria PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: M. Walters Lake Simcoe Conservation Authority LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no, W. Lammers Cental Region 467-3018 OBJECTIVE(S) : 1. To document and investigate the seasonal variations in bottom sediments and water columns, including the environmental factors that may influence bacterial survival. 2. To provide bacterial survival data required to develop a transport model and to assess the contribution of individual inputs from agricultural sources on beaches. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Development of hydrologic transport model to establish the potential boundaries and impact of a source (s) on beach areas. The _ identification of sources that affect the water quality of beach areas is required for successful targeting of remedial efforts. Successful completion of this study will provide the Lake Simcoe Region and Metro Toronto and Region Conservation Authorities with the bacterial survival information required for input into pollution transport models and the completion of pollution control plans. BUDGET AND RESOURCES: Year: (* current! 3* TOTAL Cost: (SOOO's): Work Years: Budget Source: RAC 61.0 67.5 35.5 164.0 BCEYWORDS: bacteria, survival, transport, source contributions OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): Poster Session at Technology Transfer Conference 1989. Results of the study were requested by the following agencies: Conservation Authorities Niagara Region Conservation Authority Otonabee Region Conservation Authority Grey Sauble Region Conservation Authority Rideau Valley Conservation Authority Grand River Conservation Authority Maitland Valley Conservation Authority Ausable Bayfield Conservation Authority Essex Region Conservation Authority St. Clair Region Conservation Authority Halton Region Conservation Authority Upper Thames River Conservation Authority - 15 - OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): Cont'd. Ministry of the Environment MISA Section (J. Antoszek) Central Region (S. Maude) Southwestern Region (G. Palmateer) Colleges and Universities University of Toronto University of Guelph Centralia College EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies) COMMENTS: The field work of this study is completed; the draft report is still under preparation. This contract is presently being finalized. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc.) . - 16 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL INTERNAL X Contract X Grant Solicited Unsolicited X PROJECT TITLE: Development of Ambient Air Monitoring Methodologies for Dioxins and Furans PROJECT NO: START DATE: 346C 11/87 SHORT TITLE: Dioxin/Air Monitoring PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: R. Clement M. Lusis C. Tashiro P. Steer (MOE) C. Chiu T. Dann, Environment Canada LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.) T. Dann Environment Canada (613) 991-9459 OBJECTIVE(S) : (1) To validate and document designs for filtration/sorbent hi-volume sampling and analysis of dioxins and furans in ambient air filter and PUF samples. (2) To utilize the developed method for obtaining dioxins and furans data at selected locations and use the data to establish QA/AC procedures for air sampling and analysis. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: (1) To review current activities including data bases. (2) To evaluate air sampling and analysis procedures and carry out related intercomparison study. (3) To discuss the developed technologies at a special workshop and apply them to specific areas. (4) To identify qualified laboratories capable of performing future work and their certification. This study is jointly funded by Ontario, B.C., Alberta and Environment Canada. Successful completion of the research will provide the proponents with a state-of-the-art technology on dioxin and furans in air. BUDGET AND RESOURCES: Year: ("- current) TOTAL Cost: (SOOO's): Work Years: 4 Budget Source: RAC/EC/BC 30.0 45.0 10.0 30.0 115.0 KEYWORDS: Filtration/sorbent, QA/QC procedures, dioxins, furans OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): Paper presented at the Symposium on Measurement of Toxic Related Air Pollutants, North Carolina, 1988; 2 papers at Dioxin '89. 2 papers submitted to Chemosphere; Workshop Proceedings in preparation. EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): Joint funding with the province of B.C. and Environment Canada. Sponsored by CCME Research Advisory Committee. COMMENTS ; Budget for Year 4 carried over from Year 3, NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC , OPAC, Branch, etc.). - 17 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X INTERNAL Contract Grant X Solicited Unsolicited X PROJECT TITLE: Development of a Hydrologic Model to Predict the Environmental Fate of De-icing Salts PROJECT NO: START DATE: 356G 02/88 SHORT TITLE: Hydrologic Model/De-icing Salts PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION; K.W.F. Howard University of Toronto LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): G. Soo Chan Water Resources Branch 323-4890 OBJECTIVE(S) : To develop a hydrologic salt and water balance model that will predict, on a catchment scale, the long-term environmental fate of many tens of thousands of tonnes of road de-icing chemicals applied annually to Ontario's highways, streets, paths and sidewalks. Essential features of this model include as follows: 1) It will be based on sound hydrologic principles and incorporate recent developments in our understanding of overland and shallow sub-surface contaminant flow processes (including mixing and ion exchange) ; 2) It will consider application of both NaCl and CaClo and be concerned with the fate of Na and Ca, as well as CI; 3) It will Be developed for a specific catchment (s) , but will be sufficiently versatile and flexible for use in other catchments; A) It will predict long-term chemical changes of water quality in groundwaters, lakes and rivers; 5) It will be developed for ease of use with the eventual user in mind. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The desk-oriented, will invol Primary elements include: available and existing me b) development of salt/wa existing technologies; c) and calibration; d) acqui catchment (s) ; e) acquisit laboratory study; f) test of the final report. study is phased over 3 years and, while primarily ve elements of field and laboratory investigation. a) acquisition and critical assessment of all thodologies for catchment salt balance calculations; ter balance catchment model incorporting both new and selection of a catchment suitable for model testing sition of baseline data pertinent to selected study ion of additional input data through field and ing and calibration of the new model; g) preparation BUDGET AND RESOURCES: Year: (* current) 3^-- TOTAL Cost: ($000's): Work Years : 3 Budget Source: RAC 31.9 33. A 33. A 98.7 KEYWORDS: de-icing salts, environmental fate, hydrologic salt and water balance model OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): 1989 Technology Transfer Conference: Paper presented. Hydrologic Model of De-icing Salts in the Environment- A Salt Balance in an Urban Watershed. EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc.) . - 18 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X Contract Solicited INTERNAL Grant X Unsolicited X PROJECT TITLE: Solid Phase Extraction of PAH's from PROJECT NO: 376G Drinking Water and Analysis of Chlorophenols and START DATE: 11/87 Phenoxy-acid Herbicides in Water SHORT TITLE: Drinking Water/Hydrocarbon Removal PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: B. Craig Paracel Laboratories Ltd. LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): D. Hall Laboratory Services Branch 235-5910 OBJECTIVE(S) : (1) To determine the feasibility of using Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) in the analysis of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH's) in water. (2) To complete the work conducted previously as a feasibility study on the solid phase extraction of chlorophenols and phenoxy-acids so that this methodology may be adopted as a routine procedure by the Ministry and to improve the derivatization and clean-up procedures for these compounds. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The feasibility study of solid phase extraction of PAH's will include: - an in-depth critical review of the literature; - selection of the best solid phase; - selection of the best supplier; - determination of the stability of lots; - investigation of methods to reduce interferences; - determination of recoveries; - application to real samples; and - determination of the stability of adsorbates. The project on analysis of chlorophenols and phenoxy-acid herbicides involves fine-tuning the existing methodology for the solid phase extraction of chlorophenols and phenoxy-acid herbicides from water. This work will decrease the levels of interferences in these samples and examine the parameters that affect the reproducibility and accuracy of the methodology. Also, a variety of derivitization procedures for the characterization of these compounds will be studied. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 2 3* TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (SOOO's): 100.0 Work Years: 3 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: solid phase extraction, water, polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH's), chlorophenols, phenoxy-acid herbicides, method optimization OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS: A final report has been accepted, the project will be implemented in the Laboratory Services Branch. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc.) . - 19 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X Contract Solicited INTERNAL Grant X Unsolicited X PROJECT TITLE: Hamilton Air: Chemical Composition PROJECT NO: 386G and Genotoxic Activity of Respirable Particulate START DATE: 01/88 and Organic Varpours SHORT TITLE: Air Quality/Hamilton PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. D. Macalla McMaster University LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): D. Corr West Central Region 521-7705 OBJECTIVE(S) : Determine what levels of airborne mutagenicity can be detected on respirable particles in the Hamilton airshed as a function of season and meteorological conditions. Determine if a simple mammalian index of genotoxic hazard can be developed using a post labelling technique which permits the quantitation of DNA adducts formed with activated carcinogens. Determine what chemical classes contribute to the mutagenicity of Hamilton air. Determine how total airborne mutagenicity related to the air quality index. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Preparation of reference sample by extraction of air particulate samples collected by D. Pengelly, et al. Fractionation of reference sample and characterization of fractions for mutagenicity in the Ames/Salmonella assay. Testing of mutagenic PAH fractions for DNA adduct formation using the ^ ^P-postlabelling assay with bacteria and/or rabbit tracheal cells. Chromatographic analysis of PAH fractions derived from reference sample. Designation of tracers for source apportionment. Initial collections of respirable air particulate samples from three locations in Hamilton. BUDGET AND Year: ("" current) 1 2 3* TOTAL RESOURCES : Cost: (SOOO's): 130.0 Work Years: 3 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: airborne mutagenicity, respirable particles, air quality index, AMEs test, rabbit tracheal cells OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): TTC 1988 (November) , presented: "Hamilton Air: Chemical Composition and Genotic Activity of Respirable Particulate and Organic Vapours". TTC 1989 (November) , presented: "Genotoxic Compounds Associated with Respirable Urban Air Particulate - Chemical Fractionation and Bioassay of Complex Mixtures" . Fifth Interantional Conference on Environmental Mutagens; Symposium on Basic Mechanisms of Mutation. July 10-15, 1989. York. University ; Toronto, Ontario Poster Presentation. INCREASED GENOTIXIC SENSITIVITY OF S. Typhimurium STRAINS TO NITRO PAH METABOLISM IS RELATED TO ENZYMATIC ACTIVATION NA DTO INCREASED DNA ADDUCT FORMATION. - 20 - OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): Cont'd The Twelfth International Symposium on Poljmuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Gaithersburg, Md. , September, 1989. Poster Presentation. CHEMICAL FRACTIONATION AND BIOASSAY OF COMPLEX MIXTURES. The annual meeting of the Environmental Mutagen Society, March 25-29, 1990; Albuquerque, New Mexico. Two Poster Presentations. (1) GENOTOXIC COMPOUNDS ASSOCIATED WITH RESPIRABLE PARTICULATE AND OIL EMISSIONS FROM A TIRE FIRE. CHEMICAL FRACTIONATION AND BIOASSAY OF COMPLEX MIXTURES. (2) GENOTIXIC COMPOUNDS ASSOCIATED WITH RESPIRABLE PARTICULATE AND OIL EMISSIONS FROM A TIRE FIRE. CHEMICAL FRACTIONATION AND BIOASSAY OF COMPLEX MIXTURES. The Mutagenicity Gathering for Quebec and Southern Ontario held at York University; May 31, June 1, 1990. Rostrum Presentation: MUTAGENICITY OF ORGANIC ASSOCIATED WITH URBAN AIR PARTICULATE. Poster Presentation: CHARACTERIZATION OF SENSITIVE STRAINS OF S. typhimurium USED FOR DETECTION OF MUTAGENS IN URBAN AIR PARTICULATES. EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS: In progress. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc.) . - 21 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X INTERNAL Contract Grant Solicited Unsolicited X PROJECT TITLE: Partial Support of a Collection of Algal, Microbial and Plant Cell Cultures PROJECT NO: START DATE: 387G 02/88 SHORT TITLE: Algal, Microbial and Plant Cell PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: P. Stokes University of Toronto LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): K. Nicholls Water Resources Branch 235-5810 OBJECTIVE (S) : To develop and maintain a research collection of microorganisms (algae, cyanobacteria, selected bacteria) and higher plant cells which will be used extensively in research on environmental science, environmental engineering, algal physiology and ecology and plant biotechnology (including algae and higher plants) . To provide a resource centre for plasmid vectors and plasmid-borne clone banks constructed from photosynthetic organisms and gene-specific cloned DNA to be used as probes. To create and implement an information network for researchers to provide computer access to this collection and link with other culture collections. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The University of Toronto Culture Collection is a facility of the Institute for Environmental Studies and the Department of Botany and was initiated in late 1986 with a one-year grant from the Ontario Ministry of Colleges and Universities Excellence Fund. At present, about 150 isolates of algae and cyanobacteria are being cultured, including 30 isolates from acidified, organically or metal polluted waters. We anticipate that at full capacity the UTCC will be maintaining about 1000 isolates. As far as possible the cultures will be maintained in axenic condition and in defined media, as is required for most research applications. The Ministry of the Environment will have access to this culture collection. BUDGET AND RESOURCES: Year: (* current) 1 TOTAL Cost: (SOOO's); Work Years: 3 12.0 12.0 12.0 36.0 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: culture collection, algae, cyanobacteria, bacteria, higher plant cells, plosmids, environmental research, ENA probes OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports) EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies) COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc.) . - 22 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X INTERNAL Contract X Grant Solicited X Unsolicited PROJECT TITLE: Sampling of Biomedical Waste Incinerators PROJECT NO: 388C START DATE: 02/88 SHORT TITLE: Waste Incineration/Biomedical Waste Incinerators PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Shekar Viswanathan Clayton Environmental Consultants LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): V. Ozvacic Air Resources Branch AAO-3559 OBJECTIVE (S) : Perform stack sampling at ten biomedical waste incinerators. Using separate sampling trains, collect stack samples for the following analyses: a) particulates, trace metals and hydrogen chloride, b) trace organic species - PAHs, PCDDs, PCDFs, PCBs , chlorobenzenes , and chlorophenols , c) volatile organic species such as chloroform, benzene ethylene chloride, d) bacteria, spores and viruses. Record quantities and classifications of wastes and observe incinerator operations during sampling. Weight the ash residue after each batch incineration and prepare a representative sample of this ash for chemical and other analyses and a leachate study. Transport all samples to the Ministry's laboratories. Provide a comprehensive report after completion of this study (including two preliminary reports) . PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The compounds of interest will be determined by employing techniques consistent with the following documents: A method of Measure Emissions of Particulate Matter, Metals and Hydrogen Chloride from Stationary Sources, Environmental Protection service (April, 1985); ASME Protocol Sampling for the Determination of PCDDs, PCDFs, PAHs, PCBs, Chlorobenzenes, and Chlorophenols; Protocol for the collection and analysis of Volatile POHCs using VOST - EPA report 600-8-84-007, (March, 198A) ; Method 5 Stack Sampling Program for the Determination of Bacteria, Spores and Viruses. In addition, the incinerator operations will be recorded during each sampling period. A preliminary test will be carried out to obtain data for nozzle sizing and derivation of isokinetic sampling parameters. A total of three tests will be conducted on each site for compounds of interest under normal operating conditions. BUDGET AND Year: (- current) RESOURCES: Cost: ($000's): Work Years: Budget Source: ARB/WMB-ESD 1 TOTAL 150.0 250.0 400.0 KEYWORDS: biomedical waste, waste management OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): at the Technology Transfer Conference 1988. Interim report Paper presented - 1990. COMMENTS: In progress. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC , OPAC, Branch, etc.) . - 23 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X Contract X Solicited INTERNAL Grant Unsolicited X PROJECT TITLE: Modelling Higher Moments of the PROJECT NO: 389C Concentraton Probability Distribution START DATE: 08/89 (Concentration Fluctuations) SHORT TITLE: Concentration Fluctuations Modelling PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: E. Alp Concord Scientific Corp. LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): P.K. Misra Air Resources Branch 235-5768 OBJECTIVE (S) : Development of a state-of-the-art model for estimating concentration fluctuation (second moment) . PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Literature review of available models and data, implementation of (a) selected model (s) and testing against data; fundamental development work for enhancing the capabilities of the model, investigation of incorporation into the regulatory framework. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 2* 3 TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (SOOO's): 25.0 45.0 70.0 Work Years: Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: concentration fluctuation model, concentration probability distribution OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): Presentation at the Ministry's Technology Transfer Conference, reports and possibly paper. EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): No direct involvement by other agencies except that some data are coming from the Alberta Energy Research and Conservation Board. COMMENTS: In progress. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc.) . - 24 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X Contract Solicited INTERNAL Grant X Unsolicited X PROJECT TITLE: A Study of Geochemical Modification PROJECT NO: 392G of Groundwater Discharging Into Surface Waters From START DATE: 04/88 an Industrial Disposal Site SHORT TITLE: Groundwater/Industrial Disposal Site PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: D.R. Lee University of Waterloo LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): W. Wager Sarnia Regional Office (519) 336-4030 OBJECTIVE(S) : The first objective is to determine changes in major ion chemistry during groundwater discharge at a major offshore discharge area in the St. Mary's River near a slag disposal site. The long-terra objective is to develop and exercise new methods for assessing the impact of offshore contaminant plumes by providing quantitative data on solute transport and model predictions for a range of geochemical conditions in discharge zones. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The proposed work is a study of groundwater as a source of non-point pollution to surface water. It is now possible to locate offshore zones of groundwater and contaminant discharge using a weighted probe containing temperature and electrical conductance sensors. The probe has been used successfully at both Cape Cod and Sault Ste. Marie. Thus, for the first time it is possible to quantify the geochemical changes that occur during the final metres of groundwater flow into surface waters. At the proposed study site the groundwater has been massively modified by leachate from an adjacent slag dump. Qualitative observation and chemical theory both support the fact that large chemical changes will occur in groundwater discharge environments. However, there has been little quantitative work in this subject. The topic is pertinent because without consideration of this goechemical interface it will not be possible to predict solute fluxes from zones of onshore groundwater contamination to contiguous surface waters. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 2* 3 TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (SOOO's): 16.8 12.3 29.1 Work Years: Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: geochemical, contaminant plumes, conductance, leachates, fluxes OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): Progress Report March 1989. Poster Presentation RAC Technology Transfer November 1989. Presentation HABS May 1990 Submitted for consideration. Paper to Science. EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS: In progress. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. , RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc.) . - 25 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X Contract Solicited INTERNAL Grant X Unsolicited X PROJECT TITLE: Measuring Groundwater Velocity and PROJECT NO: 393G Hydrodynaraic Dispersion in a Single Fracture in START DATE: OA/88 Fractured Shale SHORT TITLE: Groundwater/Hydrodynamics , Shale PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: J. A. Cherry University of Waterloo LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): G. Hughes Waste Management Branch 323-5216 OBJECTIVE(S) : To investigate the relation between the fracture aperture width, 2b, determined from hydraulic tests and tracer experiments, and compare to the true aperture. Develop different field measurement techniques and evaluate for accuracy in predicting groundwater velocity. Determine the relation between the aperture density distribution and hydrodynamic dispersion. To determine whether a stochastic approach will be required to account for macroscopic hydrodynamic dispersion at the local field scale. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The University of Waterloo, in a study funded by the Ontario Ministry of the Environment, has located and characterized a high-permeability fracture zone in a low-permeability fractured shale. High-permeability zones such as these are common near ground surface in the shales of southern Ontario and can provide important pathways for contaminant migration. Recent evidence from the University of Waterloo study and other work has suggested that there is considerable uncertainty in the accuracy of predictions of groundwater velocity along such fracture planes. To investigate this, the University proposes to characterize the fracture zone at the Waterloo study site in considerably more detail and with a view to developing new hydraulic and tracer testing techniques for more accurately determining the parameters necessary for predicting groundwater velocity. To assess the newly developed and existing techniques, velocity predictions based on the results of the site characterization will be compared to the results of a natural gradient tracer experiment in which the actual groundwater velocity will be measured. In addition, physical inspection of the fracture plane surfaces will be undertaken to aid in the comparison of results. As a result of the findings, the University hopes to provide recommendations or guidelines for the use of hydraulic testing techniques in fractured shale. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 2 3* TOTAL RESOURCES : Cost: (SOOO's): AO.O 40.0 40.0 120.0 Work Years: Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: groundwater velocity, fracture planes, improved measurement, prediction OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS: In Progress. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc.) . - 26 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X INTERNAL Contract Grant X Solicited Unsolicited X PROJECT TITLE: Tillage and Event Based Soil and Phosphorus Loss PROJECT NO: 3 9 60 START DATE: OA/88 SHORT TITLE: Soil/Tillage Systems PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: R. Kachanoski University of Guelph LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): J. Eddie Water Resources Branch 323-4821 OBJECTIVE(S) : To determine the effect of tillage systems (conventional, minimum, no-till) on phosphorus/soil loss and associated enrichment ratios for three representative soils (sandy, silt and clay loam). To determine seasonal variation in phosphorus and soil losses on different landscape positions with simulated rainfall. To determine annual phosphorus and soil losses from soil landscapes for natural precipitation events. To establish linkages between plot scale and landscape scale phosphorus and soil loss data for different tillage systems. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: A study is proposed to obtain information on the seasonal variation of sediment and phosphorus loss for different tillages, landscape positions, and soil type combinations using rainfall simulation and natural precipitation events. The project will make use of existing tillage treatments and soil information being collected in the provincial Tillage-2000 program. Three tillage systems (conventional, minimum, and no-till) will be monitored on sand, silt, and clay loam soils. Two rainfall intensities will be simulated. The project will compare seasonal changes in sediment and P loss data from the microplots to an average annual value being estimated for the sites using cesium-137 as a natural tracer. The study will establish linkages between plot scale and landscape scale phosphorus and sediment loss data which can be used in an event based sediment transport model. BUDGET AND RESOURCES: Year: (* current J 1 3" TOTAL Cost: (SOOO's): Work Years: 3 67.5 67.5 67.5 202.5 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: tillage systems, landscape positions, precipitation, phosphorus/soil loss OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): Progress Report August 1989. 2nd Progress Report May 1990. EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): Progress is monitored by the Canada-Ontario Agreement Non-point Source Committee. COMMENTS: In progress. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc.) . - 27 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X INTERNAL Contract Grant X Solicited Unsolicited X PROJECT TITLE: An Integral Model Study of the Airborne PROJECT NO: 400G Chemical Contaminants from Chemical Plants and Research START DATE: 04/88 Buildings: Their Detection, Identification and a Proposed Method for Their Elimination SHORT TITLE: Airborne Contaminants/Model Study PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: C. Depew Queen's University LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): R. Chapman Air Resources Branch 326-1659 OBJECTIVE(S) : To establish an integral model on a total study of some airborne contaminants originated from typical chemical plants and laboratories in Ontario. The model will select two typical classes of air pollutants: nitrogen oxides (inorganics) and substituted aromatic and polyaromatic hydrocarbons (organic) . The overall model study involves the establishment of sampling and detection procedures, and the development of a new method for the elimination of the contaminants from air. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Document and review of existing sampling/detection technologies; defining procedures for air sampling from the exhaust air originating from the Queen's University research buildings. Experimental set-up of a time-averaged dual laser-fluorescence spectrometrical measurement technique for simultaneous measurement of nitrogen oxides and selected polyaromatic and substituted aromatic hydrocarbons. Proposal and design of a microwave-filtering device/technique for the removal/elimination of airborne contaminants from air samples collected and defined by previous studies. BUDGET AND RESOURCES: Year: ("' current) 3* TOTAL Cost: (SOOO's) Years: Budget Source: RAC 33.1 33.1 37.8 104.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 6.5 KEYWORDS: chemical buildings, airborne contaminants, air filters, microwave catalyzed destruction, microwave chemical reactor OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): Two papers accepted for publication one in the Journal of Microwave Power, the other in Research on Chemical Intermediates. One presentation at the 11th Canadian Symposium on Catalysis in Halifax, July 1990. EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): None COMMENTS ; In progress. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc.) . - 28 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X Contract Solicited INTERNAL Grant X Unsolicited X PROJECT TITLE: Atmospheric Measurements of Natural PROJECT NO: 40 IG Hydrocarbons Using Gas Chromatograph/Mass Spectrometry START DATE: 04/88 SHORT TITLE: Hydrocarbons/Atmospheric Measurements PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: H. Niki York University LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): R. Bell Air Resources Branch 965-4081 OBJECTIVE(S) : To measure, using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, a niimber of key volatile organic species, particularly biogenic hydrocarbons in the oxidant/acid rain problem to be compared against model predictions and also to gain a better understanding of atmospheric chemistry in a Canadian setting, as part of the Eulerian Model Evaluation Study. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The proposal measurement program will be related to the CIRAC-endorsed Canadian Atmospheric Chemistry Study as part of the Eulerian Model evaluation Field Study. Air samples collected at the Ministry's site at Dorset and other appropriate forested areas will be analyzed by GC/MS in the laboratory mainly for natural hydrocarbons such as isoprene and terpenes. An important component of this program is a critical evaluation and improvement of existing sample collection and handling techniques employed for GC/MS based identification and quantification of these labile compounds. BUDGET AND Year: (" current) 1 2 3* TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (SOOO's): 120.0 68.2 68.2 256.4 Work Years: 3 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: hydrocarbons, volatile organics, atmospheric measurement, natural organics OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): Progress Report May 1989, Paper presented at the Technology Transfer Conference 1988. Progress Report April 1990. A joint paper with Bothenhuin last year (Nov./89). EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS: In progress. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc.) . - 29 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X Contract Solicited INTERNAL Grant X Unsolicited X PROJECT TITLE: Determination of the Dose-Responses PROJECT NO: A05G for Tissue Contamination and Growth of Vegetable Crops START DATE: OA/88 Exposed to Chronic Levels of Organic Environmental Contaminants Originating from Industrial Processes SHORT TITLE: Organic Contaminants/Dose-Response Study PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: D. Ormrod University of Guelph LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): D. Harper Air Resources Branch A56-2504 OBJECTIVE(S) : To establish bioaccuraulation of trichloromethane and phenol through foliar exposure at concentration ranges including ambient standards using radish, lettuce and tomato. To establish bioaccuraulation of trichloromethane and phenol through contamination of the root zone at a range of concentrations including ambient standards using radish, lettuce and tomato. To assess the relative importance of foliar and root exposures to bioaccuraulation of these compounds in plant tissue, and establish partitioning indices as well as dose-response relationships between the two pathways of exposure and tissue accuraulation. To assess the phytotoxicity of these compounds by root, foliar, and root and foliar exposure. Phytotoxicity will be evaluated by determining dose-response relationships between growth parameters and contaminant concentrations applied to the growing meditim. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The current emphasis on evaluating the environmental hazard of various phytoaccvjTiulation and phytotoxicity exists for a few compounds and a small variety of plants, it is insufficient data to thoroughly predict the impact of industrial contaraination on human dietary ingestion, and on growth processes of the plants themselves. Uptake by plants may occur via two pathways, foliar and root; the pathway raay influence the eventual concen- tration of contaminants in edible portions, or the growth effects on different plant parts. The predominant pathway will depend on the medium which is con- taminated, although in many situations both soil and air will be part of plant exposure. There is a need for an integrated study which evaluates the effects of chronic concentrations of several contaminants on three vegetable groups (root vegetables, leafy vegetables and fruit vegetables), by comparing the roles of the pathway of exposure on phytoaccumulation in various plant parts, injury and growth suppression. This research will lead to a better understanding of how industrial contaminants are partitioned in the terrestrial environment, leading to better human and eco-risk assessment. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 2 3" TOTAL RESOURCES: — — Cost: (SOOO's): 46. A 30.9 30.9 108.2 Work Years : 3 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: bioaccuraulation, radish, lettuce, tomato, foliar, root zone, partitioning indices, dose-response, phytotoxicity OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): Progress Report March 1989 EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc.) . - 30 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X Contract X Solicited INTERNAL Grant Unsolicited X PROJECT TITLE: An Investigation of Vibration PROJECT NO: 407C Isolation in a House for Reduction of Train Vibration START DATE: O-^t/SS SHORT TITLE: House Isolation/Train Vibration PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: J, Rainer National Research Council Canada LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): V. Schroter Industrial Approvals 440-3715 OBJECTIVE (S) : To determine the characteristics of ground vibrations from trains at two locations. To determine the effectiveness of a given vibration method in reducing train-induced vibrations in a test house. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: This proposal is in 3 parts. Each part is self-contained; however, the parts complement each other, so that a comprehensive investigation into train vibration effects on houses will emerge. Part I consists of evaluating transducer mounting techniques in the ground so that reliable measurements can be assured. Part II characterizes the ground vibrations from trains at 2 locations, and Part III evaluates the effectiveness of a vibration isolation method in a test house. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 2 3* TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (SOOO's): 11.2 36.9 25.2 73.3 Work Years: 3 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS : OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): Poster presentation at '89 Technology Transfer Conference. EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS: In progress. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. , RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc.) . - 31 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL INTERNAL X Contract X Grant Solicited Unsolicited X PROJECT TITLE: Landfill Monitoring Protocol Development for Ontario PROJECT NO: START DATE: 410C OA/88 SHORT TITLE: Protocol Development PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Hans Mooij Waste Management Branch (previously with - H. Mooij &. Associated Ltd.) LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): G. Hughes Waste Management Branch 323-5216 OBJECTIVE(S) : To develop practicable recommendations to the Ministry of the Environment, based on expert concensus positions and doc\imented present practices and procedures, for the development of landfill leachate and groundwater quality monitoring protocols and procedures. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The Ministry of the Environment has developed draft guidelines on monitoring landfills. These guidelines specify monitoring objectives and performance rather than methodology. The research project will document current monitoring practices in Ontario and other jurisdictions. This will be the basis of a background document which will serve as the subject for a round-table discussion between selected experts in the field of landfill monitoring in order to develop consensus positions on all aspects of monitoring program protocols, procedures and practices. Particular attention will be paid to the merits of establishing guidelines that specify acceptable and required monitoring methodology. This research approach will be assessed with respect to its applicability in the development of other Ministry guidelines. BUDGET AND RESOURCES : Year: current) 3^'' TOTAL Cost: ($000's) Work Years: 21.6 Budget Source : RAC KEYWORDS: landfill leachate, groundwater, monitoring procedures recommendations, expert concensus OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): Progress report 1988. Final report completed on first phase of work, November 1989. EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS: As H. Mooij is now on staff, it is planned to complete the work in house. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) . - 32 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X INTERNAL Contract X Grant Solicited Unsolicited X PROJECT TITLE: Classification and Leachability of Hazardous Waste Residues PROJECT NO: START DATE: 411C OA/88 SHORT TITLE: Glassif iction PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: K.B. Harvey Atomic Energy Research Laboratories LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.) G. Castonguay Waste Management Branch 323-521A OBJECTIVE (S) : To make a first estimate of the value of immobilizing hazardous waste materials and residues in a silicate glass matrix. If the resulting concentrations or rates of release into simulated groundwaters are significantly reduced when compared with conventional methods for immobilization, this could form the basis for the development of low- or controlled-release waste forms, and of novel means for the treatment and disposal of hazardous wastes. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: A simulated hazardous waste residue will be immobilized in a soda-lime silicate glass under conditions that will simulate several waste types, and immobilization routes. Complete chemical analyses of the starting materials and of the completed waste forms will be made in order to determine the effect of different treatment routes on any loss of volatile metals. Release from the waste forms into water or simulated leachate will be measured both by the standard leachate extraction procedure, and by an extended djmamic test, at 20 to 25 °C, and at lO^C to simulate an average year-round ground temperature. Release from the waste forms will be followed both by chemical analysis of the leachants, and by the addition of radioactive tracers. BUDGET AND RESOURCES: Year: (" current) 1 TOTAL Cost: (SOOO's) 15.0 31.0 15.8 61.8 Work Years : 3 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: hazardous wastes, groundwater, immobilization, glassif ication , leachability OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): Interim Reports (August 1988, February 1989, July 1989), presentation (C14) at the Technology Transfer Conference (November 20, 1989), Draft Final Report (February 1990) . EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies; COMMENTS: Final report to be completed by Fall 1990. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc.) . - 33 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X Contract X Solicited X INTERNAL Grant Unsolicited PROJECT TITLE: Chlorinated and Nonchlorinated PROJECT NO: 412C Organics Storage Studies START DATE: OA/88 SHORT TITLE: Organic Storage Studies PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Neaves Enviroclean LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): Patrick W. Crozier Laboratory Services Branch 235-5910 OBJECTIVE(S) : The main objective of the proposed study is to provide the ministry with a manual documenting the maximum storage times and conditions for which organic samples may be kept before analytical results become invalid. The project should include: Conducting a comprehensive literature review of the stability of organic compounds during storage of environmental samples, contacting other agencies such as the United States Environmental Protection Agency, Environment Canada, Canada Centre For Inland Waters, and Academic Researchers, to obtain unpublished and internal reports on the stability of organics in stored samples. Recommending storage times/ conditions for organics monitored by MOE in various matrices including water, effluents, soils/sediments, air, vegetation and biota. Identifying areas in which additional research on the storage times and conditions for organic substances is needed. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Phase I - Literature Review - In this phase of the project a comprehensive and critical literature review of published stability/ storage studies for organic compounds currently monitored by Ministry of the Environment organic analyses sections would be undertaken. Agencies such as the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) , Environment Canada, Canadian Centre for Inland Waters (CCIW) , and others identified by MOE staff should be contacted for unpublished/internal reports as well as the normal search procedures. Due to the enormous scope of the literature review, further discussion of priorities with ministry staff will be necessary. The effect of storage conditions, storage time, and matrix on compound degradation (or in some cases compound production) should be highlighted. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 2* 3 TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (SOOO's): A2.0 5.0 47.0 Work Years: 2 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: organics, storage, water, effluents, air, soils, vegetation, biota OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): 2 volume manual expected entitled "Chorinated and Non-Chlorinated Organics Storage Studies; and a presentation at 1989 MOE Technology Transfer Conference. EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc.) . - 34 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X INTERNAL Contract X Grant Solicited Unsolicited X PROJECT TITLE: Solid Phase Extraction of Triazines and Organophosphorus Compounds from Water PROJECT NO: START DATE: A13C 04/88 SHORT TITLE: Phase Extraction/Phosphorus Compound PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: W.G. Craig Paracel Laboratories Ltd. LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): D. Hall Laboratory Services Branch 235-5910 OBJECTIVE(S) : To determine if the use of solid phase extraction for the extraction of triazines and organophosphorus compounds is an appropriate analytical procedure, and Identify which parameters, if any, of the methodology need to be studied further, or optimized, before its adoption as a routine analytical technique. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The possibility of using the technique of solid phase extraction will be examined for the analysis of triazine and organophosphorus compounds in water. This feasibility study will include an in-depth examination of methods to enhance recoveries and reduce interferences, as well as examining the reproducibility of the technique. Parameters to be studied include: selection of the best solid phase and eluting solvent, selection of the best supplier, determination of the stability of lots, various methods to reduce interferences, the consistency of recoveries, application to real samples, and the time stability of adsorbates. BUDGET AND RESOURCES: Year: (''' current) 1 TOTAL Cost: (SOOO's) 50.0 2.5 52.5 Work Years: 2 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: solid phase extraction, water, triazine, organophosphates method optimization OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): RAC Final Report & Technology Transfer Conference EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies] COMMENTS: This project is currently in the final states. Final report received, results of this project to be implemented in the Laboratory Services Branch. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) . - 35 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X Contract Solicited INTERNAL Grant X Unsolicited X PROJECT TITLE: Flow Injection Sample Introduction PROJECT NO: 41AG for Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission and START DATE: 04/88 Mass Spectrometry SHORT TITLE: FIA for ICP PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Eric D. Salin McGill University LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): D. Boomer Laboratory Services Branch 235-5858 OBJECTIVE(S) : To generate a sample introduction system for trace level determinations with the following characteristics: 1) Detection limit improvements of at least a factor of 100. 2) Reduction or elimination of matrix effects. 3) Sample throughputs of 30 to 60 per hour. A) A chemical methodology suitable to a variety of sample types. Secondary objectives: 1) Automation of sample input using the direct sample insertion device for icp-aes and icp-ms. 2) Feedback from the instrument (or controller) to the sample introduction system so as to provide for intelligent modification of the experiment by either changing the chemistry (select different flow injection system parameters) or handling technique (e.g. standard additions or matrix matching) when justified by "expert" computer analysis of the data. 3) Component speciation. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: A high performance sample introduction system based on flow injection techniques will be developed for inductively coupled plasma atomic emission and mass spectrometry. The system should provide detection limit improvement factors of 100 to 10,000 for atomic emission using direct insertion and from 100 to 1,000 for mass spectrometry using direct insertion. The detection limit improvements should be even more dramatic in cases where the matrix causes drastic degradation in detection limits. The flow injection procedure should minimize matrix effects thereby enhancing accuracy. Precisions of approximately 1% are expected. BUDGET AND Year: (- current) 1 2 3* TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (SOOO's): 46.5 46.5 39,5 132.5 Work Years : 3 Budget Source: RAG KEYWORDS: ICP, flow injection, ultra-trace, elemental analysis OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS: In progress, NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC , OPAC, Branch, etc.) . - 36 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X Contract Solicited INTERNAL Grant X Unsolicited X PROJECT TITLE: Wildlife Toxicology Fund Projects PROJECT NO: A17G START DATE: OA/88 SHORT TITLE: Wildlife Toxicology PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Monte Hummel World Wildlife Fund Canada LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): J. Pagel Research & Technology Branch 323-4576 OBJECTIVE(S) : Wildlife Toxicology Fund (WTF) was established on June A, 1985 through a Memorandum of Understanding between Environment Canada and World Wildlife Fund Canada. Its purpose is to provide high quality scientific information that can be directly applied to the protection of Wildlife in Canada from irreversible harm caused by toxic chemicals in the environment, and to enhance and develop private sector expertise, and to act as stimulus for the joint funding of research projects. The objective of this proposal is to contribute $50,000 per year for up to three years to the World Wildlife Fund to fund on a cost shared basis, projects which have been recommended for approval and cost sharing by WWF. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The research priorities of TWF include: Effects of agricultural and/or forestry chemicals on wildlife, effects of toxic industrial pollutants on wildlife, monitoring the success of measures taken to mitigate the effects mentioned in the above two priorities, developing and implementing techniques that use wildlife as indicators of toxic chemicals in the environment, examining environmental pathways by which toxic substances may affect wildlife. Proposals which meet the research priorities of the WTF and are recommended by the RAC will be circulated to the Research Advisory Board of WTF. If approval is obtained from both committees, and if matching funds are in place, a specified amount of MOE's contribution will be released for the project. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 12 3* TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (SOOO's): 50.0 50.0 50.0 150.0 Work Years: 3 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): "The Influence of Lake Acidification on Reproductive Success of the Common Loon in Ontario". (1989 Progress Report). "Impact of B+ on Chicks of Spruce Grouse, Non-target Insects and Small Birds and Mammals" . "Effects of Acid Precipitation on Waterfowl: Reproductive effort of common golden eyes in high and low quality habitats." "Metabolic Consequences of Environmental Acidification in Fish". EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc.) . - 37 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X INTERNAL Contract Grant X Solicited Unsolicited X PROJECT TITLE: Environmental Valuation Research PROJECT NO: 418G START DATE: 04/88 SHORT TITLE: Environmental Research PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: J. Knetsch Simon Fraser University LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no,): 0, Salamon Policy &. Planning Branch 323-A561 OBJECTIVE (S) : To improve the basis for economic valuation of environmental changes; to investigate assessment and policy implications of the recent findings of large disparities between willingness-to-pay and compensation-demanded measures of economic values; to study preference and choice behaviour of people with respect to alternative environmental polices; to examine various legal sanctions ; and to further examine the development and use of economic experiments for research in these areas. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The research will be carried out in a continuing series of individual experimental and survey studies, conducted in part in Ontario. The results of earlier studies will be used to design later empirical efforts, which will take full advantage of the large degree of coraplimentarity among the individual studies. Wh.ile the Principal Investigator will be responsible for the research, including studies in Ontario, it is anticipated that the Research Assistant and other colleagues will actively participate in expanding the research program. BUDGET AND RESOURCES: Year: i* current) TOTAL Cost: (SOOO's); Work Years: 3 Budget Source: RAC 2A.9 24.5 26.0 75.4 KEYWORDS: benefit valuation, measuring, non-pecuniary values, willingness-to-pay, compensation-demanded OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): Presentations at 1988 and 1989 Technology Transfer Conference; Article published by The American Economic Review: "The Endowment Effect and Evidence of Non-Reversible Indifference Curves" EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS: In porgress. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc.). - 38 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X Contract Solicited INTERNAL Grant X Unsolicited X PROJECT TITLE: Recycling of Textile Dyebath Effluents PROJECT NO: A21G START DATE: 06/88 SHORT TITLE: Textile Dyebath Effluents PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Anne Wilcock University of Guelph LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): J. Smart Waste Management Branch 323-5113 OBJECTIVE(S) : To test the efficiency of a new, commercially available electrochemical cell in the purification of environmentally hazardous textile dyebath effluents. These effluents contain expensive dyes and other chemicals that, if they can be precipitated from the effluent and reused, represent a substantial economic saving. The colourless supernatant will be tested for biological toxicity and for potential industrial recyling so that manufacturers will have the option of safely discharging the treated effluent to sewers or recycling it in industrial applications. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: To simulate the recycling of industrial dyebath effluent, an equeous solution containing one of three common disperse dyes and a biphenyl carrier will be electrochemically separated into dye, carrier and water. The purity and potency of the recovered dyes and carriers will be tested by application to a polyester fabric. The water will be tested for toxicity by fish bioassay, and for reuse potential. The elctrochemical separation system will then be tested in actual industrial conditions using disperse and other classes of dyes. BUDGET AND Year: (*current) 1 2 3* TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (SOOO's): 18.9 17.6 13,4 A9.9 Work Years: 3 Budget Source: RAG KEYWORDS: recycling, re-use, textile dye, toxicity OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): Report EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): None COMMENTS: In progress. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAG, OPAC, Branch, etc.) . - 39 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X INTERNAL Contract Grant X Solicited Unsolicited X PROJECT TITLE: Chemical Exposure Pathways in Ontario PROJECT NO: 423G START DATE: 01/88 SHORT TITLE: Chemical Exposure Pathways PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. D. MacKay University of Toronto LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no,): J. Smith Hazardous Contaminant Branch 323-5113 OBJECTIVE(S) : (1) Establish correspondence between output of environmental model and prevailing concentrations in Ontario. (2) Establish a range of air inhalation and water and food consumption rates for a typical family in Southern Ontario. (3) Develop correlations between concentrations in the environment and those in vegetation, fruit, meat, and dairy products. (4) Quantify human exposure through ambient air, food, and water. (5) Extend assessment to estimation of human physiological fate to chemicals through further development of existing pharmacokinetic model. (6) Validation of the set of models. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: A multi-media fugacity based environmental model estimates prevailing concentrations in various media such as air, water, soil, sediment, and fish has been developed and validated for a number of chemicals in Southern Ontario. Concepts of this model will be extended to assess exposure to these and additional chemicals by a typical Southern Ontario family through air inhalation and food and water consumption, as well as human physiological distribution and body burden. To quantify these exposures, it will be necessary to (i) establish a range of typical food consumption rates, (ii) develop expressions to correlate concentrations in soil, air, and water with those in vegetation, fruit, meat, and dairy products, and (iii) refine and apply our recently developed pharmocokinetic model. Predicted exposures and body burdens will be compared with those known to cause toxic effects in order to assess their severity. BUDGET AND RESOURCES: Year: ("" current) 1 TOTAL Budget Source Cost: (SOOO's): Work Years: 3 : HCCB A9.5 43.5 43.5 136.5 KEYWORDS: air, inhalation, fugacity, water, soil, sediment, fish OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): In Press: S. Paterson, D. Mackay "Modelling the distribution of organic chemicals in plants", proceedings of Intermedia Pollutant Transport: Modeling and Field Measurements, UCLA. Aug. 23-26, 1988. S. Paterson, D. Mackay "A Model illustrating the environmental fate, exposure and human uptake of persistent organic chemicals". Ecological Modelling (in press 1989) . - 40 - OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): Submitted: D. Mackay, S. Paterson "Evaluating the regional multimedia fate of organic chemicals: A level III fugacity model", Environ. Sci. Technol . S. Paterson, D. Mackay, "Review of Evaluative models of environmental fate and human exposure". Reviews in Environmental Toxicology (invited paper). EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS: In progress. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. , RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) . - 41- RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X Contract Solicited INTERNAL Grant X Unsolicited X PROJECT TITLE: Monitoring Exposure and Effects of PROJECT NO: A24G Organic Substances in the Huron-Erie Corridor START DATE: 08/88 SHORT TITLE: Organic Substances/Huron-Erie Corridor PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: D. Haffner Great Lakes Institute University of Windsor LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): A. Hayton Water Resources Branch 235-5800 OBJECTIVE(S) : There are five interactive subprojects: (1) To establish protocols for a statistically sound network of biomonitoring stations in the Huron-Erie corridor. (2) To determine foodweb exposure routes (water or/and in-place pollutants) . (3) To calibrate organisms of both the benthic and pelagic food chains in order to determine water and sediment concentrations. (4) To determine if bioaccumulation or bioconcentration regulates residue levels in sport fish. (5) To establish vertebrate monitors to assess the impact of contaminants in the Huron-Erie corridor. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: 2 sites will be set up along the Huron-Erie corridor to investigate temporal and spatial hetrogeneity of contaminants in various media. Three times during the year food web transfers and community structure will be determined at twoe of the sites. Two benthic organisms will be calibrated to determine influence of sediment uptake. The MOE sport fish data base will be computerized. Impact studies initiated with collection and testing of natural populations. Spatial redundancy corrected by rejecting sites with no significant spatial variability. First foodwebs constructed. Breeding of both brown bullhead and bluntnose minnow populations will be initiated for mutagenicity studies. BUDGET AND Year: (-■■ current) 1 2* 3 TOTAL RESOURCES : Cost: (SOOO's): 200.0 200.0 200.0 600.0 Work Years: 21 Budget Source: Environmental Services Division KEYWORDS: contaminant-monitoring, Huron-Erie Corridor, toxicokinetics, biomonitoring, food-chain OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): 1. "Bioconcentration of chlorinated hydrocarbons in aquatic macrophytes (Myriophyllum spicatum) " . Env. Sc. Technol. 2. "Mechanism of the biomagnif ication of hydrophobic organic substances. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 3. A comparative study of bioconcentration and toxicity of chlorinated hydrocarbons in aquatic macrophytes and fish. ASTM Publication Series. - 42 - OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): Cont'd A. "Organic contaminants in food webs: mechanisms, models and management". Proceedings, Technology Transfer Conference 1989. 5. "Biocencentration of chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons in aquatic macrophytes" . 33rd Conf. lAGLR. 6. "Dynamics of organochlorines in wetland habitats". 33rd Conf. lAGLR. 7. "Bioconcentration and toxicity of chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons in aquatic macrophytes". ASTM. San Francisco. 8. "Modelling organic chemical bioaccumulation in the filed". 10th Conf. SETAC. 9. "Biomonitoring in aquatic ecosystems: patterns and problems." Hydrobiologia. EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC , OPAC, Branch, etc.) . - 43 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X Contract Solicited INTERNAL Grant X Unsolicited X PROJECT TITLE: Behavioural Ecology of the Eastern PROJECT NO: A27G Subterranean Termite in Ontario as a Basis for Control START DATE: 04/89 SHORT TITLE: Termite Behavioural Technology PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: J.K. Grace University of Toronto LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): G. Cutten H.C.C.B. 323-5117 OBJECTIVE(S) : To describe the population demographics and foraging ecology of the eastern subterranean termite, Reticulitermes f lavipes (Kollar) , in southern Ontario by a systematic examination of colony growth and development, foraging patterns, intercolony interactions, chemically-mediated interactions with vegetation and fungi, and the effect of microclimate on colony development and foraging activities. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Select, establish and map field sites. Develop wood extraction, fungal isolation, and bioassay techniques; and establish dye conditions for mark-recapture. Begin mark-recapture study, periodic field collections with evaluation of colony composition, microclimate measurements, and extraction/bioassay of insects, wood and fungi. Complete seasonal mark-recapture study, continue field collections with evaluation of colony composition, and microclimate measurements. HPLC and GC separation of biologically active fractions from trees, associated fungi, and insects eliciting agonistic responses. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 2* 3 TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (SOOO's): 30.0 99.1 65.6 194.7 Work Years: 3 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: behaviour ecology, termites, control OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): Grace, J.K. , & A. Abdallay. 1989. Evaluation of the dye marker Sudan Red 7B with Reticulitermes flavipes (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) . Sociobiolosv 15:71-77. Grace, J.K. Northern subterranean termites. Pest Management. Grace, J.K. A modified trap technique for monitoring Reticulitermes subterranean termite populations (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae). Pan-Pac. Entomol . Grace, J.K. Habituation in termite orientation response to fungal semiochemicals . Sociobiology. - 44 - OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): Cont'd. Grace, J.K. , A. Abdallay, & K.R. Farr. Eastern suberranean termite foraging territories and populations in Toronto. Can. Entomol. Grace, J.K., & G.M. Cutten. Public perceptions of termite control practices in several Ontario (Canada) municipalities. J. Environ. Management. Grace, J.K. & A. Abdallay. A short-term dye for marking eastern subterranean termites (Isoptera, Rhinotermitidae) . J. Appl. Entomol. Grace, J.K. Oral toxicity of barium metaborate to the eastern subterranean termite (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae). J. Entomol. Sci. Grace, J.K. 1990. Mark-recaputre studies with Reticulitermes flavipes (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae). Sociobiology 16: 297-303. Grace, J.K. 1989. Northern subterranean termites. Pest Management 8(11): lA-16. Grace, J.K., &. A. Abdallay. 1990. A short-term dye for marking eastern subterranean termites (Reticulitermes flavips Koll., Isoptera, Rhinotermitidea) . Journal of Applied Entomology 109: 71-75. Grace, J.K. 1990. Oral toxicity of barium metaborate to the eastern subterranean termite (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae. Journal of Entomological Science 25: 112-116. Zoberi, M.H., &. J.K. Grace. 1990. Fungi associated with the subterranean termite Reticulitermes flavipes in Ontario. Mycologia 82(3): (in press). Zoberi, M.H. , & J.K. Grace. 1990. Isolation of the pathogen Beauveria bassana from Reticulitermes flavipes (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidea). Sociobiology 16: 289-296. Grace, J.K. 1990. Behavioral ecology of subterranean termites and implications for control. In Current Research on Wood Destroying Organisms and Future Prospects for Protecting Wood in Use (M.I. Haverty & W.W. Wilcox, eds.). (In press) . EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS ; NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC , OPAC, Branch, etc.) . - 45 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X Contract Solicited INTERNAL Grant X Unsolicited X PROJECT TITLE: Carcinogenicity Testing of Industrial PROJECT NO: A29G Effluents Using a Rainbow Trout Assay START DATE: 05/89 SHORT TITLE: Carcinogenicity Testing/Industrial Effluents PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. CD. Metcalfe Trent University LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): Dr. Ian Smith Water Resources Branch 235-5789 OBJECTIVE(S) : To develop a carcinogenicity assay using fish which can be used for monitoring of industrial effluents for carcinogenic activity. To fractionate extracts of carcinogenic effluents in order to identify classes of compound which warrant routine monitoring under MISA. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: To develop techniques for the preparation and fractionation of effluent extracts, using known compounds (e.g. PAH's, PCB's, organohalides , chlorobenzenes , chloroacetones) spiked into simulated effluent matrices. To test combined trout embryo/trout adult exposure protocols using known carcinogens to determine whether tumors can be developed in a short (6 mo.) period. To prepare extracts from representative industrial effluent (e.g. chlorination- stage pulp and paper effluent, coking plant effluent), and to test these extracts for carcinogenicity using the rainbow trout assay protocols developed in year 1. To characterize the organic contaminant concentration of these extracts by analyzing (gas chromatography) for priority organic pollutants. To fractionate the effluents extract giving a positive response in the trout assay using column chromatography, and we will test these fractions for carcinogenicity using the rainbow trout bioassay. We will also analyze the various fractions for priority organic pollutants in order to chemically characterize the extract fractions. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 2* 3 TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: ($000's): A2.9 A2.9 42.9 128.7 Work Years: 3 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: waste water management, carcinogenicity testing, rainbow trout assay, mutagenicity testing, effluent OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports) EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS: Partial funding led to reduction in project scope. Approved by Liaison Officer June 27, 1989. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc.) . - 46 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X Contract Solicited INTERNAL Grant X Unsolicited X PROJECT TITLE: Development of an Expert System for PROJECT NO: A32G Automated Analysis of Metals START DATE: 04/89 SHORT TITLE: Development of ACexpert PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. M.J. Stillman University of Western Ontario LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): Dr. J.C. Hipfner Laboratory Services Branch 235-5856 OBJECTIVE (S) : 1) To develop a demo Expert System to fully control an AA for metal analysis; 2) To develop a generic Expert System to monitor and model quality control procedures used for data analysis; 3) Investigate use of an Expert System for technical personnel training. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: ACexpert is a very large expert system that comprises a number of interacting modules. Each module is itself a sophisticated expert system that carries out a specific task. ACexpert provides the link between the operation of these individual expert systems, the user, and the hardware that is used to complete the analysis. ACcontrol is the module that carries out all real-time instrument control functions, it includes an extensive CRT user interface and an expert system-based QC program. The other modules involve expert system and data base management techniques. The base modules for ACexpert will be completed, following the design established during 1987. Further work on the modules that comprise the many expert systems in ACexpert will take place. The full system will begin to take shape, and the demonstration AAS unit will become available for real-time testing. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 2* 3 TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (SOOO's): 74. A 26. A 50. A 151.2 Work Years: 3 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: expert system, AA, metal analysis OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): PUBLICATIONS: 1. Browett, W.R. ; Cox, T.A. ; Stillman, M.J. (1989) Design of an expert system for automated metal analysis by atomic absorption spectrometry. In ACS Symposium Series, A08, 210-235. 2. Gasyna Z. ; Browett, W. ; Nyokong , T. ; Kitchenham, R. ; Stillman, M.J. (1989) Microcomputer-aided Chemistry. 5. Interactive computing for instrument control and data analysis in photochemical studies. Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory System, 5, 233-2A6. 3. Browett, W.R. ; Stillman, M.J. (1989) Use of expert system shells in the design of ACexpert for automated atomic absorption spectrometry. Progress in Analytical Spectroscopy, j^, 73-110. - 47 - OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports) :Cont 'd: PUBLICATIONS: A. Stillman, M.J.; Moussa, M. and Gasyna, Z. (1989) "Development of ACexpert. 3. Rules in ACdiagnosis and ALCmethods" , Proceedings of the Technology Transfer Conference, Toronto, 20-21st November 1989, published by the Ontario Ministry of the Environment. 5. Stillman, M.J. Cox, T.A. ; and Browett, T.A. (1988) "Development of ACexpert. 2. Implementation of an expert system for automated metal analysis by AAS" , Proceedings of the Technology Transfer Conference, Toronto, 29th-30th November 1988, published by the Ontario Ministry of the Environment. 6. "Development of ACexpert. 1. Design of an Expert System for Automated Metal Analysis by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy", William R. Browett, Timothy A. Cox and Martin J. Stillman, Department of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7. 7. "Expert system shells in analytical chemistry. The design of ACexpert: Automation of metal ion determination using AAS", submitted to Progress in Analytical Chemistry. CONFERENCE PAPERS: 1. Gasyna, Z. ; Stillman, M.J. "Design of an expert system for automated metal analysis by atomic absorption spectrometry", Pacifichem, December 17th-22nd, 1989. 2. Stillman, M.J.; Moussa, M. ; Gasyna, Z. "Development of ACexpert 3. Encoding rules for ACdiagnosis", Technology Transfer Conf. Ontario Min. Environment, Toronto, 20th-21st November, 1989. 3. Gasyna, Z.; Stillman, M.J. "Use of expert system techniques in the analysis of environmental samples", 10th Annual meeting, Soc. Env. Tox. and Chemistry, Toronto, October, 28th - November, 2nd, 1989. 4. Stillman, M.J.; Cox, T.D.A. ; Browett, W.R. "Development of ACexpert. 2. Implentation of an expert system for automated metal analysis by atomic absorption spectroscopy." 9th Technology Transfer Conference (MOE) , Toronto, 29th-30th November 1988. 5. Browett, W.R.; Cox, T.D.A. ; Stillman, M.J. "ACanalyst: a real-time advisor for atomic absorption spectrometer control and analysis.", ACS National Conference, Los Angeles, USA, 25th-30th September 1988. 6. Cox, T.D.A.; Browett, W.R. ; Stillman, M.J. "Development of robotic sample handing and introduction into an atomic absorption spectrometer". The 3rd Chemical Congress of North America, Toronto, June, 1988. 7. Browett, W.R. Cox, T.D.A.; Stillman M.J. "Development of an expert system for quality control monitoring of metal analyses using atomic absorption spectroscopy". The 3rd Chemical Congress of North America, Toronto, June 1988. EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS: This project is a continuation of that started under project //326PL. Currently in progress. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC , OPAC, Branch, etc.) . RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X INTERNAL Contract Grant X Solicited Unsolicited X PROJECT TITLE: Development of Multivariate Analysis Procedures for Ontario Air Quality Data PROJECT NO: START DATE: A33G 05/89 SHORT TITLE: Multivariate Analysis of Air Quality PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. P.K. Hopke Clarkson University LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): Dr. N. Reid Air Resources Branch 326-1691 OBJECTIVE(S) : To complete the development of three-mode factor analysis to provide simultaneous temporal-spatial analysis of multisite air quality data. To compare the use of the Potential Source Contribution Function (PSCF) for source identification of the acidic components of collected airborne particle samples with the results previously obtained for acidic precipitation. To examine the use of unsupervised pattern recognition methods as well as several other eigenvector methods to identify the interrelationships between the particle or precipitation composition variables and their relationship to the meteorological regimes that existed when the samples were taken. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The Air Resources Branch has a number of on-going air quality monitoring programs that produce large multivariate data sets. The availability of state-of-the-art multivariate statistical analysis methods that will permit the maximum amount of useful information to be extracted from these data can aid the development and implementation of air quality management plans to maintain or improve the air quality in Ontario. This project combines the development of new methods that will provide improved analysis of the data and the testing of existing methods as to their utility to providing useful information from the air quality data that are available. BUDGET AND RESOURCES: Year: (-' current) 1 TOTAL Cost: (SOOO's): Work Years: 3 Budget Source: RAC (in U.S. funds) 18.8 19.8 20.6 59.2 KEYWORDS: multivariate analysis, air quality data, Ontario, analysis procedure, acidic precipitation OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports) Transfer Conference 1988, 1989. Papers presented at the Technology EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies) COMMENTS : In progress, second year. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc.) . - 49 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X Contract Solicited INTERNAL Grant X Unsolicited X PROJECT TITLE: Investigations Into the Analysis of PROJECT NO: 43 AG Hydride-Forming Elements START DATE: 5/89 SHORT TITLE: Hydride Analysis PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. I. Brindle Brock University LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): Dr. J.C. Hipfner Laboratory Services Branch 235-5856 OBJECTIVE(S) : 1) The simultaneous analysis of the maximum number of hydride- forming elements with the lowest possible detection limit (of the order of 10-100 ppt) . 2) Application of the above method to air filters. 3) Transferrability of the hydride method to a continuous hydride generator for potential application as an interface to ICP-AES and ICF-MS. 4) Development of a preconcentration method for hydride-forming elements for potential application to surface waters and rain. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The development of methods for the analysis of hydride-forming elements will be useful in acid rain studies and in studies related to toxic hydride-forming elements. Methods for the analysis of germanium and tin, developed during the first year of this study, by hydride generation will be applied to the analysis of these elements in air filters. Extension of the hydride method to the analysis of arsenic and antimony will continue. The hydride-generation/interference reduction method for the analysis of seleni\im and tellurium will be investigated and attempts will be made to apply this to air filters. Optimum conditions will be determined for the simultaneous analysis of hydride-forming elements. Continuous hydride generation will be investigated with a view to interfacing the hydride system to either ICP-AES or ICP-MS systems. Methods for preconcentration of hydride-forming elements from surface water or rain will be developed. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 2 3* TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (SOOO's): 46.8 44.8 135.9 Work Years: 3 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: analysis, hydride-forming elements, interferences, suppression OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): Ian D. Brindle and Xiao-chun Le, "D.C. Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry in Geochemical Applications" (Review), Geoscience Canada, Accepted for publication, June 19, 1989. Ian D. Brindle and Xiao-chun Le , "Reduction of Interferences in the Determination of Germanium by Generation of Hydride and Atomic Emission Spectrometry", Analytica Chimica Acta, accepted for publication, June 30, 1989. Ian D. Brindle and Xiao-chun Le , "Application of Signal Enhancement by Easily Ionized Elements in Hydride Generation Direct Current Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometric Determination of Arsenic, Antimony, Germanium, Tin, and Lead", Analytical Chemistry, 1989, 61,1175-1178. - 50 - OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): Cont'd. Ian D. Brindle, Xiao-chun Le and Xing-fang Li, "Determination of Traces of Germanitim by Hydride Generation - D.C. Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry. Interference Reduction by L-Cystine and L-Cysteine," Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 1989, Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 4,227-232. Ian D. Brindle and Xiao-chun Le , "Determination of Traces of Tin by Hydride Generation - D.C. Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry. Interference Reduction by L-Cystine," 1988, The Analyst (London), 113,1377-1381. Charles Boampong , Ian D. Brindle, Xiao-chun Le, Lav Pidwerbesky, and Claudio Ceccarelli-Ponzoni , "Interference Reduction by L-Cystine in the Determination of Arsenic by Hydride Generation," 1988, Analytical Chemistry, 60, 1185-1188, Ian D. Brindle and Hengqu Chen and Xiao-chun Le, "prereduction of Arsenic (V), Enhancement of the Signal, and Reduction of Interference by L-Cysteine in the Determination of Arsenic by Hydride Generation" , Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, accepted for publication March 1990. Ian D. Brindle and Xiao-chun Le , "A New Sample Introduction System for Direct Current Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (DCP-AES)", Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, accepted for publication February 1990. EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS: Year 1 of project funded in 87/88 for $A4,300 under Pro j . #360G. In progress. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc.). - 51 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X INTERNAL Contract Grant X Solicited Unsolicited X PROJECT TITLE: Modelling Municipal Water Systems for PROJECT NO: Demand Management START DATE: A37G 09/89 SHORT TITLE: Water Systems Management PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. J.E. Robinson University of Waterloo LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): J. Donnan Policy & Planning Branch 323-4579 OBJECTIVE(S) : It is proposed to develop a computer model that will enable policies for water demand management to be evaluated. Such policies will include economic incentive policy instruments such as water rate structure, water rate level and wastewater surcharges. The model will be designed so that comparisons can be made between the cost effectiveness of demand management approaches to the supply management approach. The model will be useful for forecasting water prices, timing of supply system expansions, etc. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The Master Water Supply Study completed for the Regional Municipality of Waterloo in 1987 contains recommendations for structural water supply development which will result in substantial increases of the real cost of water. The study presumed that there will be structural changes in wastewater treatment to enable the full development of the water supply from river withdrawals. The study did not consider the implications to higher price on demand for water or the implications for expansion of wastewater treatment plants. It is proposed to develop a computer model integrating water supply and wastewater treatment for the use of municipal water managers which will be useful in evaluating such studies and for evaluating strategies for demand management, which may prove useful in delaying or avoiding expensive structural developments . BUDGET AND RESOURCES: Year: (* current) 1 2* TOTAL Cost: (SOOO's) Work Years: 2 34.0 18.6 52.6 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: municipal water systems, demand management, water supply, water conservation, cost-effectiveness OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies) COMMENTS : In progress, second year, NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc.) . - 52 - RESEARCH MD TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X Contract X Solicited INTERNAL Grant Unsolicited X PROJECT TITLE: Quantifying Infiltration Through PROJECT NO: 440C Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Covers START DATE: 7/89 SHORT TITLE: Landfill Cover Infiltration PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: K.J.G. McKague Ecologistics Limited LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): C.A. Bostock Waste Management Branch 323-5218 OBJECTIVE(S) : 1) Install lysimeters in landfill covers possessing distinct differences in the cover's soil texture. 2) Accumulate data on landfill cover infiltration for the soil textures considered through rainfall simulation and continued monitoring of the installations. 3) Modify an existing U.S. - Environmental Protection Agency landfill cover water budget/leachate generation model to facilitate its use under Ontario conditions. A) Evaluate the usefulness of the modified model for predicting cover infiltration rates. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: A fifteen (15) month study will further investigate infiltration through landfill covers. On the assumption that existing prototypes are producing satisfactory results and only minor modifications are required, additional lysimeters will be installed on landfill caps having extremes in soil textural characteristics. To increase the infiltration database, rainfall simulation will be carried out. An existing model will be modified and tested to determine its usefulness in predicting infiltration rates . BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 2* 3 TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (SOOO's): 97.9 24.0 121.9 Work Years: 2 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: Solid waste, landfill covers, infiltration OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports) EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS: In progress. Two sets of three lysimeters have been installed, one in the gravelly loam cover of the Guelph Landfill and one in the sandy cover of the Barrie Landfill. Remaining work includes infiltration experiments and monitoring, simulation modelling and reporting. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc.) . - 53 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X Contract X Solicited INTERNAL Grant Unsolicited X PROJECT TITLE: In Situ Biodegradation of Chlorinated PROJECT NO: 4A1C Solvents as a Remedial Technology for Contaminated START DATE: 7/89 Groundwater SHORT TITLE: In Situ Biodegradation of Solvents PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. D. Major Beak Consultants Ltd. LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): A. Lye Water Resources Branch 323-4893 OBJECTIVE (S) : To determine factors and processes governing in situ transformation and degradation of tetrachloroethylene in the groundwater at a chemical transfer facility, thereby furthering understanding of microbial processes at spill sites. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: This study will involve conducting field and laboratory experiments to determine what factors and processes are governing the in situ transformation and degradation of tetrachloroethylene (PCE) in the groundwater at a chemical transfer facility. Available data suggest that PCE is being degraded biologically by the indigenous micro-organisms to less chlorinated intermediates which are in turn mineralized to CO, . BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 2* 3 TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (SOOO's): 40.0 40.0 80.0 Work Years: 2 Budget Source: RAC, U.S. and Industry, (cost-sharing RAC provided $80,000) KEYWORDS: Chlorinated solvents, contaminated groundwater OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): Presentation to supporting agencies and educational institutional institutors early in 1990. EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): Environment Canada, General Electric, AT&T, C-1-6, Celenese. COMMENTS: In progress. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc.) . - 54 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X Contract Solicited INTERNAL Grant X Unsolicited X PROJECT TITLE: Ecology and Control of the Biofouler, PROJECT NO: AA3G Dreissena polymorpha, (Bivalvia: Dreissenidae) , New to START DATE: 05/89 the Great Lakes SHORT TITLE: Ecology and Control of Zebra Mussels PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. G.L. Mackie University of Guelph LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): Mr. P. Kauss Water Resources Branch 323-A952 OBJECTIVE(S) : (1) To determine life history characteristics of the Lake St. Clair population of Dreissena polymorpha. (2) To determine the age and growth rate of individuals and of the population in Lake St. Clair and the extent of its distribution and growth rates in the Great Lakes. (3) To determine the potential impact of the zebra mussel on native species of unionid mussels in Lake St. Clair and some of its major tributaries. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: A major biofouler and nuisance organism, Dreissena polymorpha (Bivalvia: Dreissenidae) was discovered in the Great Lakes this past fall. It is new to North America and nothing is known about its population dynamics and impact on other organisms, especially Bivalvia, in the Great Lakes, or indeed in any North American surface waters. Studies are described to determine the life history characteristics of D. polymorpha. commonly called the zebra mussel, in Lake St. Clair, its present growth rate and population age structure and its distribution in the Great Lakes and its potential impact on native species of unionid mussels endemic to Lake St. Clair and its major tributaries. The information on life history and distribution will be used to recommend to municipalities and industries measures to avoid infestations in domestic and industrial intake pipelines. The study is a pre-requisite to a proposal submitted to the Wildlife Toxicology Fund for controlling infestations of the zebra mussel in the Great Lakes. BUDGET AND Year: (- current) 1 2* 3 TOTAL RESOURCES: — Cost: (SOOO's): 31,5 29.9 25.1 86.5 Work Years: 3 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: Dreissena, polymorpha, biofouler OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): Resche, P. "Zebra Mussels" Seasons, (Summer 1990), Federation of Ontario Naturalists. EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS ; NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc.) . - 55 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X INTERNAL Contract Grant X Solicited Unsolicited X PROJECT TITLE: Groundwater Impact From Large Septic Systems for Sewage Disposal in Ontario PROJECT NO: START DATE: AAAG 05/89 SHORT TITLE: Large Septic Systems PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. J. A. Cherry University of Waterloo LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.) W. Blackport West Central Region 521-7703 OBJECTIVE(S) : To better understand contaminant attenuation processes in large septic systems and develop a method to predict the extent of aquifer contamination new large septic systems. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: About 20% of households in Ontario use septic systems, thus such systems represent the largest volumetric source of groundwater contamination, yet the magnitude of their impact is not known in Ontario, or elsewhere where septic system usage is also high. Previous studies by us during the past two years have shown that a single domestic septic system can produce an extremely large zone of contamination for non-reactive contaminants such as Na+ and NO3, but that biodegradable contaminants such as organics may be largely attenuated in the unsaturated zone above the water table below the tile field. Large volume septic systems however, may produce chemically different contaminant plumes due to higher dose rates resulting in reduced effluent residence time in the unsaturated zone. This study will: 1) investigate groundwater quality around two large septic systems in Ontario, 2) evaluate by field studies the effectiveness of alternative designs and/or effluent loading rates for minimizing groundwater contamination, 3) use mathematical models to evaluate on a more generic basis the implications with respect to groundwater protection of alternative septic system designs for achieving more favourable effluent loading rates, and therefore better effluent attenuation. BUDGET AND RESOURCES: Year: (- current) 1 2* TOTAL Cost: ($000's): Work Years: 3 65.0 65.0 65.0 195.0 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: groundwater impact, septic system effluents, contamination sewage disposal OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): Field Investigations of Septic Systems III, Long Point, Cambridge, Muskoka k Killarney Site 1989 (Feb. 1990) EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) . - 56 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X Contract X Solicited INTERNAL Grant Unsolicited X PROJECT TITLE: Regional Low Flow Analysis for the PROJECT NO: A45C Central and Southeastern Regions of Ontario START DATE: 05/89 SHORT TITLE: Regionalization/Low Flow Characteristics PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. H.S. Belore Cumining-Cockburn Limited LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): Dr. L. Logan Water Resources Branch 323-A989 OBJECTIVE(S) : (1) To test available methodologies for predicting low flows in the Central and Southeastern regions. To identify suitable techniques for application and required research/refinements. (2) Develop an appropriate data base including additional parameters such as evaporation, groundwater fluctuations (well records). (3) Refine multivariate analysis techniques for predicting low flows. (A) Research to develop alternative computerbased graphical low flow regional techniques. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Many industrial and municipal dischargers are limited to specific concentrations of effluent based upon the extreme value low flow with various recurrence intervals for the receiving waters (needed for MISA program implementation) . These extreme values are easily determined from historic data for gauged streams. However, ungauged streams are more commonly the receiving water and presently few estimation techniques are available. Therefore, this study will test available techniques from a previous study for the Southwestern/West Central regions and apply them to the Central and Southeastern regions. Then those preliminary techniques will be enhanced and new techniques will be investigated developed and tested to provide methods for estimating extreme value low flows for ungauged sites in Central and Southwestern Ontario. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1* 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (SOOO's): 52.5 52.5 Work Years: 1 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: groundwater, Central and Southeastern Ontario OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS: In progress. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc.) . - 57 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X Contract Solicited INTERNAL Grant X Unsolicited X PROJECT TITLE: Standardized Rearing Materials and PROJECT NO: 450G Procedures for Hexagenia, a Benthic Bioassay Organism START DATE: 05/89 SHORT TITLE: Hexagenia Rearing Materials and Procedures PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. Jan J.H. Ciborowski University of Windsor LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): D. Bedard Water Resources Branch 323-A930 OBJECTIVE(S) : Collection and cold-storage maintenance of genetically homogeneous Hexagenia egg stocks for distribution to laboratories on request. Synthesis of a standard aquatic sediment and diet from commercially available materials suitable for quickly rearing contaminant-free benthic aquatic invertebrates. Comparison of larval Hexagnia growth on natural (MOE bioassay control site) sediment with synthetic sediment. Assessment of factors contributing to variation in Hexagenia growth and body size. Assessment of influence of sediment-bound organichlorine contaminants on substrate preference, survival, development and bioaccumulation of Hexagenia larvae. Expansion of sediment/diet protocols to scales suitable for mass-culture of rapidly-growing contaminant- free bioassay test organisms. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Realization of the importance of sediment-bound contaminants to transfer and retention papameters in aquatic systems has stimulated development of diverse research techniques. However, these techniques (toxicokinetics studies, bioassay procedures, field biomonitoring) suffer from lack of standardization in control sediments and availability of test animals. We will develop a synthetic sediment suitable for rapid growth of Hexagenia, a widely-used bioassay and biomonitor organism, for use in sediraent-bioassay trials and ecotoxicological studies. We will also develop rapid culture techniques for rearing contarainat-free organisms and determine methods of minimizing interindividual variations in development; factors that reduce the power to detect effects in bioassay and toxicokinetic studies. Additionally, we will maintain egg stocks from a single population and make material available to other laboratories to assist in maximizing comparability of ecotoxicological research. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 2* 3 TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (SOOO's): 22.8 25.5 48.3 Work Years: 2 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: Hexagenia, benthic bioassay organisms OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports) EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies) COMMENTS: In progress. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC, OPAC. Branch, etc.) . - 58 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X INTERNAL Contract X Grant Solicited Unsolicited X PROJECT TITLE: Multispectral Remote Sensing Techniques for Past, Present and Future Mapping of Chlorophyll PROJECT NO: START DATE: A52C 08/89 SHORT TITLE: Chlorophyll Remote Sensing PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Mr. Arunas R. Kalinauskas Moniteq Limited LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no,): Dr. N. Hutchinson Water Resources Branch (705) 766-2A12 OBJECTIVE (S) : 1) Simulate landsat MSS and Landsat TM data using Programmable Multispectral Imager (PMI) data and correlate the simulated Landsat data with OME chlorophyll samples collected near simultaneously with the imagery. This correlation can then be used for historical, present and future derivations of chlorophyll concentrations from the Landsat series of satellites. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Landsat TM and MSS data will be simulated from archived PMI data which was collected co-incident with OME chlorophyll and water quality sampling in the Lake of the Woods. MONITEQ will develop a methodology, to correlate the simulated Landsat imagery with the chlorophyll sampling for use in mapping past, present and future chlorophyll sampes from Landsat imagery. A second methodology will be developed to create and test an optimized spectral handset for remote chlorophyll mapping. Again the candidate handsets for evaluation will be synthesized from the archived PMI data. The optimized chlorophyll mapping handset will be available for use in state of the art remote sensors for airborne mapping of chlorophyll. BUDGET AND RESOURCES : Year: ("" current) 1 TOTAL Cost: (SOOO's): Work Years: 1 Budget Source: RAC 41.9 7.2 A1.9 KEYWORDS: multispectral remote sensing, chlorophyll, mapping, water quality OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports) EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): OMNR - Lake of the Woods Fisheries Assessment Unit, Ontario Centre for Remote Sensing, Advice and transportation. COMMENTS: This is a research component of a WRB project to investigate factors responsible for increased frequency and intensity of algal blooms in Lake of the Woods, Ontario. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc.) . - 59 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X Contract Solicited INTERNAL Grant X Unsolicited X PROJECT TITLE: New Methods for Rapid Sample Digestion PROJECT NO: A53G START DATE: 08/89 SHORT TITLE: Rapid Sample Digestion PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. Eric D. Salin McGill University LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): D. Boomer Laboratory Services Branch 235-5858 OBJECTIVE (S) : The objective is to develop a system which will process batches of samples. The process involves microwave digestion of the samples while they are in a tube. The results should be a system which digests samples much faster and with minimal hazard. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The development of an automated flowing stream microwave digestion is proposed based on the grantee's preliminary work described at the 1988 MOE Technology Transfer Conference. BUDGET AND Year: (•■ current) 1 2* 3 TOTAL RESOURCES : Cost: (SOOO's): 20.0 20.0 AO.O Work Years: 2 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: microwave digestion OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): Progress Report June 1990. EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS: In progress. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc.) . - 60 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X Contract X Solicited X INTERNAL Grant Unsolicited PROJECT TITLE: Standard Reference Materials For Trace PROJECT NO: A54C Organic Analysis of Aqueous Environmental Samples START DATE: 07/89 SHORT TITLE: Standard Reference Materials for Trace Organic Analysis PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Mr. J. A. Coburn Zenon Environmental Inc. LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): Dr. D. Hall Laboratory Services Branch 235-5910 OBJECTIVE(S) : To conduct a comprehensive critical literature review of the preparation of standard aqueous solutions of highly hydrophobic materials, such as dioxins, organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls. Submit a copy of this review to the Drinking Water Organics Section. To prepare a number of generator coliimns for these hydrophobics, calibrate them and deliver these columns with appropriate certificates to the Drinking Water Organics Section. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: A comprehensive and critical literature review of published solubility data for selected classes of environmentally hazardous hydrophobics of low solubilities. The various methods for the preparation of standard aqueous solutions of these materials, including stable isotope labelled compounds should be reviewed as well. To include computerized searching of Chemical Abstracts, data bases, NTIS reports, manual journal searches and personal contacts with other workers in related areas. 1) Dioxins, 2) PCB's, 3) Organochlorine Pesticides BUDGET AND Year: {* current) 1 2* 3 TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (SOOO's): 28.0 16.0 A4.0 Work Years: 2 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: Aqueous environmental samples, standard reference materials. Trace Organic analysis, SRM, PCB, dioxins, Generator columns. OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports] EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies) COMMENTS: In progress. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc.). - 61 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X INTERNAL Contract Grant X Solicited Unsolicited X PROJECT TITLE: An Assessment of Landuse Impact on the Microclimate of the Fonthill Kame PROJECT NO: START DATE: A57G 08/89 SHORT TITLE: Microclimate Assessment of the Fonthill Kame PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. Tony B. Shaw, Brock University LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): Dr. D. Yap, Air Resources Branch (235-5773) OBJECTIVE(S) : Two criteria are suggested for assessing any likely modification to the Fonthill Kame ' s microclimate: any topographic change, particularly slope changes, which will result in (a) a decrease of nocturnal minimum temperature by 1°C below the threshold values as specified for tender fruit crops and (b) a reduction in wind seed below ^ m'sec under radiation frost conditions (Shaw et al , 1988). Accordingly, the principal objective of this study is to provide a detailed assessment of the Kame's microclimate in terms of its spatial variations in temperature, noting in particular evidence of the depth and rate of cold-air drainage on a variety of slopes under radiation frost conditions. Apart from providing the necessary information on the microclimate variations on the Kame, which to date are poorly understood, this aspect of the study could identify specific areas of the Kame where the application of numerical modelling studies will have a reasonable change of showing significant results. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The Fonthill Kame, located in the Town of Pelham, is the most important tender fruit area above the Niagara Escarpment. The combination of a favourable climate and well-drained sandy loam soils permits the successful cultivation of tender fruits along with other fruit crops. The steep slopes of the Kame, projecting above the surrounding flat plain, facilitate the drainage of cold air under radiation frost conditions. The microclimate of the Fonthill Kame is to a large extend related to its topography. It is argued by some that structural changes to the topography of the Kame will modify this microclimate. The chief concern is that cold-air drainage on which the production of tender fruits depends could be altered significantly on those slopes which may support aggregate extraction. A modified climate could impact adversely on tender fruit crops on the Kame itself with possible consequences for areas contiguous to the Kame. This study therefore, will attempt to assess the impact of aggregate extractive use on the microclimate of the Fonthill Kame. BUDGET AND RESOURCES: Year: (* current) 1* TOTAL Cost: (SOOO's) Work Years: 2 Budget Source: RAC 16.5 lA.O 30.5 KEYWORDS: modelling, microclimates, Fonthill Kame, Landuse Impact OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): Interim report, June 1990; Interim report, December 1989. EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS: In progress. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc.) . - 62 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X Contract X Solicited INTERNAL Grant Unsolicited X PROJECT TITLE: Review of Established Regulatory Policies PROJECT NO: 459C Using Genotoxicity Tests, Current Capability, and START DATE: 07/89 Recommendations For Future Development SHORT TITLE: Regulatory Policies, Genotoxicity Tests PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. E.R. Nestman CANTOX Inc. LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): Dr. M. Salamone Water Resources Branch 235-5790 OBJECTIVE (S) : Review and assess the usage of mutagenicity and genotoxicity test procedures by various regulatory bodies, with specific emphasis on the existing mandate of MOE. To address: current use of genotoxicity testing by governmental and regulatory jurisdictions nationally and internationally; critical review of the applicability of such tests for environmental decision making: compilation of an Index of short-term genotoxicity tests for regulatory decision making; summary of existing MOE testing capabilities; recommendations for future developments and estimates of associated costs for maintaining and developing further testing capabilities in MOE programs; development of an implementation plan of genotoxicity testing in the area of environmental management. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Several areas of concern will be dealt with in this study, pertaining to the usage of genotoxicity testing in regulatory situations internationally, and also more specifically with respect to the MOE. The report will be organized into three broad segments: (i) current approaches (internationally and within the Ministry) to genotoxicity testing as a regulatory tool; (ii) identification and assessment of the potential tests available for use; and (iii) a critical review of structures discussed in (i) in light of information summarized in (ii) , with recommendations and implementation procedures for future consideration. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1* 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: ($000's): 48.0 48.0 Work Years: 1 Budget Source: Evenly shared between ARB, WRB, LSB & HCCB KEYWORDS: regulatory policies, genotoxicity tests, current capability, future development OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): Presentation at Mutagenesis Gathering, June 1, 1990. EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS: In progress. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) . - 63 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Statistical Assessment of Multivariate PROJECT NO: 461G Ordination Techniques For Zoobenthic Communities and Water START DATE: 10/89 Chemistry For Lakes From Central Ontario SHORT TITLE: Multivariate Ordination Techniques Assessment PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. H. Harvey University of Toronto LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): K. Somers Water Resources Branch 323-4948 OBJECTIVE(S) : To assess multivariate ordination techniques for zoobenthic communities and use the techniques to test whether zoobenthic communities are associated with water quality variables. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Benthic Invertebrates and water chemistry will be sampled from 15 lakes in the Muskoka region to supplement an existing set of 20 lakes. Benthos and water chemistry as well as simulated data sets will be analyzed using several multivariate ordination techniques to develop guidelines for the assessment of interpretation of ecological and environmental gradients. The ordination techniques will be assessed on the basis of their ability to recover non-linear community and environmental data. The second component of our study will test the relationships between complex benthic community and environmental data using the appropriate permutation tests. We will test further using environmental data by icorporating additional technicpjes which heretofore have not been employed in environmental studies. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES : Cost: (OOO's): 11.0 3.6 14.6 Work Years: 1.2 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS : OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports) EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies) COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 64 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: The Relative Effect of Individual PROJECT NO: 462G Environmental Factors on Indicator Bacterial START DATE: 10/89 Survival SHORT TITLE: Environmental Factors/Indicator Bacterial Survival PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: E. Harris Lake Simcoe Region Conservation Authority LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.)s M. Young Laboratory Services Branch 235-5866 OBJECTIVE(S) : To evaluate the effects of water quality variables on bacterial surivival in a lab setting. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: In vitro survival experiments will be conducted by suspending membrance diffusion chambers, containing cultures of fecal coliforms, E. coli and P. aeruginosa in aquara. Concentrations of chemical parameters such as chloride dissolved phosphates, nitrates, nitrites, ammonium and dissolved organic carbon will be adjusted individually and their effect on bacterial die-off assessed. The effect of preditation and competition will be determined by adding non sterile water containing bacteria and plankton to chambers of the test bacteria. The effect of these biological factors on sediment bacterial survival will be determined by inoculating diffusion chambers, containning sterile and non sterile bed sediments, with the test bacteria. A total of 76 in vitro bacterial survival experiments will be performed. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (OOO's): 46.0 46.0 Work Years: 1 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : ~~~ NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 65 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: C02 Production and Carbon Cycling PROJECT NO: 465G in Precambrian Shield Watersheds START DATE: 10/89 SHORT TITLE: C02 Production/Carbon Cycling PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. Sherry Schiff University of Waterloo LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): P- Dillon Water Resources Branch (705) 766-2418 OBJECTIVE(S) : To examine C02 production in forested watersheds and quantify its importance to the production of acid neutralizing capacity. To examine C02 fate in lakes by constucting mass balances for 2 lakes. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Production of C02 and carbon cycling in forested watersheds is important in the quantification of the natural and anthropogenic sources and sinks of carbon with regard to the global carbon budget and the generation of alkalinity to neutralize the effects of acidic precipitation. The proposed research involves a detailed investigation of C02 production and transport in a small forested subcatchment and the construction of carbon and carbon isotope mass balances for two watersheds of contrasting physical characteristics near Haliburton, Ontario. Carbon isotopes 13C and 14C will be used extensively to gain information unavailable from standard chemical measurements on process involved in and rates of carbon cycling, residence times in the various carbon pools and the contributing sources of C02 to the lake carbon budget. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 2 * 3 TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (OOO's): 33.6 32.6 66.2 Work Years: 2 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 66 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT X SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Determination of Hydrogeological and PROJECT NO: 466C Contamination Transport Properties of Fractured, START DATE: 10/89 Weathered Leda Clay in Eastern Ontario SHORT TITLE: Hydrogeological and Contamination Transport Properties/Leda Clay PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Andre Y. D'Astous Fondex Limited LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no. ) : R.A. Dunn Southeastern Region (613) 521-3450 OBJECTIVE(S) : To assess the methods to determine the depth of hydraulically active, fractured Leda clay; to define masimum depths of fractures in clays of different thickness and deposition modes; to determine the contaminant transport properties of leda clay; to define the minimum thickness of clay necessary to protect the underlying aquifer. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: This research program will comprise field testing and modelling of groundwater transport phenomena. Monitoring and field experiments relating to grandwater flow, contaminant migration and physical properties of fractured clay will be conducted at four different sites in Eastern Ontario. Mathematical models will be employed to simulate field experiments. This research should lead to a better understanding of groundwater flow and contaminant migration in fractured leda clay, and to an evaluation of a new in-situ hydrogeologic testing techniques. BUDGET~AND Year: (* current) 1 2~* 3 TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (OOO's): 60.8 18.3 79.1 Work Years: 2 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: waste management, landfill, clay deposits OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc . ) - 67 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Practical Application of Fecal Coliform PROJECT NO: 467G (FC) to Streptococcus Facesium Subsp. Casaelif lavus SC and START DATE: 04/90 Bifidobacterium to SC Ratio to Determine Human and Animal Sources of Pollution SHORT TITLE: Human and Animal Sources of Pollution PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. P.L. Sey fried University of Toronto LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.)' M. Young Laboratory Services Branch 235-5866 OBJECTIVE ( S ) : Development of a simple and reliable field procedure for tracing and identifying human and/or animal fecal wastes inputs into natural water bodies or storm sewers. To develop a method of isolating and identifying S. faecium subsp. casselif lavis and test the applicability of new ratios in the field to distinguish human from animal sources of pollution. Examine fecal specimens to determine the levels and survival rates of this group of indicator organisms. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Previous studies on the characterization of fecal indicator organisms have indicated that SC may be an exclusive indicator of animal fecal pollution. Bif idocateria, on the other hand, are present in high levels in sanitary sewage and are recovered in ghigh densities from human feces. To date no ratios using SC and bifidobacteria have been formulated or tested. It is the objective of this project to test the use of a novel group of indicator rations in the field. Samples from street and farm runoff, storm sewers, and lakes and rivers impacted upon by sewage treatment plants will be collected and analyzed for bifidobacteria, FC, EC, and SC. Results of the field studies will confirm the applicability of these ratios for use in place of FC/FS to characterize human or animal sources of pollution. Additional studies on the most appropriate isolation media for SC as well as the source and the comparative survival of the aforementioned organisms in the environment will be conducted. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) T~* 2 3 TOTAL RE SOURCE S : Cost: (OOO's): 27.5 27.5 Work Years: 1 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: indicator bacteria, human/animal fecal inputs, FC, SC, EC, bifidobacteria OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 68 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Zooplankton Communities and Water PROJECT NO: 468G Chemistry of Subbury Area Lakes: Changes START DATE: 04/90 Related to pH Recovery SHORT TITLE: Zooplankton Communities/Water Chemistry of Sudbury Lakes PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. Gary Sprules University of Toronto LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): W. Keller Northeastern Region (705) 675-4501 OBJECTIVE(S) : To investigate changes in zoplankton communities in Sudbury area lakes that have occurred since the 1970 's and relate changes to altered water chemistry. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Survey of zooplankton species composition and water chemistry in 92 Sudbury area lakes, for comparison with data collected in 1971- 1973 by Sprules and Harvey. In these studies, pH was the major determined of zooplankton community structure in the Sudbury area, and acidified lakes contained a community typified by fewer species and a less complex structure than lakes contained a community typified by fewer species and a less complex structure than lakes of circumneutral pH. Recent literature suggests that Sudbury area lakes have become less acid in response to reductions in atmospheric acid loadings. Study will determine whether the observed recovery in pH is reflected in recovery of plankton communities in lakes, and if so, investigate rates of plankton recolonization of community change. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (OOO's): 24.1 24.1 Work Years: 1 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: zooplankton, water chemistry, pH, Sudbury lakes OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 69 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Abiotic Factors Involved in PROJECT NO: 469G Predicting Trace Metal Levels in Freshwater START DATE: 04/90 Bivalves SHORT TITLE: Abiotic Factor/Freshwater Bivalves PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. A. Tessier University of Quebec LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): P. Kauss Water Resources Branch 323-4952 OBJECTIVE(S) : To describe biological significance of metals in sediments. To identify factors controlling metal accumulation by clams to enable prediction of these levels. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Empirical approaches have proven disappointing predicting trace metal (M) concentrations in benthic organisms. A promising alternative is to identify the mechanisms underlying biological metal uptake and to use this knowledge to develop predictive models based on the geochemical and biological processes involved. Based on experimental observations, a mechanism is proposed that involves a control through adsorption reactions of the dissolved M concentrations in the solution to which the orgaisms are exposed. In situ measurements are propsoed to verify this mechanism in the dorset area with Elliptic complanta. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES : Cost: (OOO's): 22.0 22.0 Work Years: 1 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: trace metal, freshwater bivalves OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 70 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT X SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Sequential Sampling, Amphipod PROJECT NO: 470C Abundance, and Lake Acidification: Development START DATE: of a Simple and Ubiquitous Biomonitoring Tool SHORT TITLE: Sequential Sampling/Lake Acidification PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. R.L. France W.D.N.R.G. Limnetics LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no. ) 5 N- Yan Water Resources Branch (705) 766-2412 OBJECTIVE (S) : To develop a simple and ubiquitous procedure of sequential sampling and data interpretation for cost-effective biomonitoring of the effects of lake acidification. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Extensive research on absence or occurrence, detailed life history, and toxicological experiments, suggest that the amphipod Hyalella azteca has the potential to function as an effective biomonitor of anthropogenic lake acidification. To date, however, no such strategy has been implemented. Through the pragmatic development of a ubiquitous sequential sampling program applied to the existing data base, the present proposal provides the empirical realization of the theoretical relationship of amphipods to lake pH. Incorporation of these results as a metric in the comprehensive assessment of the biological integrity of acid sensitive waters will developed. The temporal integration of transient changes in spring meltwater chemistry is an important rationale for developing such cost-effective biomonitoring procedures. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTA RESOURCES: Cost: (OOO's): 5.2 5.2 Work Years: Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: lake acidification, sequential sampling OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports) EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : ~" ~~ NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 71 - RESE7VRCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Psychosocial Impacts in Populations PROJECT NO: 473G Exposed to Soild Waste Facilities and the START DATE: 02\90 Hagersville Tire Fire SHORT TITLE: Solid Waste Facilities/Hagersville Tire Fire/Impacts PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. S. Martin Taylor McMaster University LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.)! R- Clarke Environmental Assessment Branch 440-3455 OBJECTIVE(S) : To investigate the psychosocial impacts in populations exposed to 3 solid wastes facilities. To assess links between awareness, experience, and exposure. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The main activities to be conducted are: the epidemiologic survey, the depth interviews and the focus group sessions. The textual analysis will be on-going throughout. The data reduction and analysis will be completed for the survey and will be begun for the focus group session and depth interviews. The main data collection activities will be the conduct of the discussion group sessions and the continuation of the textual analysis. Data reduction and analysis effort will be devoted to the depth interviews, discussion gruop, focus group and textual material. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (OOO's): 123.3 83.2 206.5 Work Years: 3 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: psychosocial impacts, waste management, Hagersville OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports) EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS ; NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 72 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT X SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: A Study of Peak Ozone Levels in the PROJECT NO: 474C Toronto Area START DATE: SHORT TITLE: Ozone Levels/Toronto PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Mr. Lou Shenfield The MEP Company LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): Dr. D. Yap Air Resources Branch 235-5773 OBJECTIVE(S) : The study will determine the ozone concentrations in the Greater Toronto Area that are caused by sources outside the area confirming results of the long-range transport Acid Deposition and Oxidant Model. The regression equations produced by the study could be used by the Ministry to forecast peak ozone levels with a high degree of accuracy at Air Quality Index locations in the Toronto area. The relationship between the one hour and eight hour average ozone levels will determine whether Ontario's present one hour average of 80-ppb criterion can be used as a surrogate for an eight hour average, which has been recently recommended for the protection of health. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Ozone levels and meteorological conditions in the Toronto area will be studied to determine the influence of long-range transport (LRT) of ozone and its precursors from external sources. Regression equations will be developed relating the maximum ozone levels reached and meteorological parameters. Peak one hour average ozone concentrations could be predicted using the regression equations for locations in the Toronto Area. The relationship between one hour and eight hour average ozone levels will be determined. BUDGET AND Year: {* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES: ^ Cost: (OOO's): 11.9 11.9 Work Years: Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: ozone levels OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 73 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT X SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: The Development of a Long Range PROJECT NO: 475C Transport Model with a Nested Fine Resolution Grid ST7VRT DATE: 06/90 SHORT TITLE: Long Range Transport Model PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. M. Niewiadomski The MEP Company LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.)- Dr. C. Fung Air Resources Branch 235-5776 OBJECTIVE(S) : To combine the mesoscale simulations of atmospheric processes in GESIMA with ADOM for a grid square in Southern Ontario, producing a fine resolution ( 5 km X 5 km) nested grid for this area. The resulting average air quality and deposition levels will be for the smaller squares. Validation will be carried out by the analysis of a pollution episode and comparing the model results for the fine grid area with measurements. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The Eulerian long-range transport Acid Deposition and Oxidant Model (ADOM) , having a grid square resolution in the horizontal of 127 km X 127 km in size, will be modified to produce a nested fine resolution grid to as low as the size 5 km x 5 km, within the grid square including Metro Toronto. This is to be achieved by combining ADOM with a mesoscale model, GESIMA, which has this fine resolution. The resulting model will thus incorporate the ADOM input meteorology and emission inventory for Eastern North America with the fine resolution input and output of GESIMS for the grid square that includes Metro Toronto. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOT? RESOURCES : Cost: (OOO's): 75.8 75.8 Work Years: Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS : ADOM, oxidant OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 74 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT X SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Phytotoxicity of Uranium PROJECT NO: 4760 START DATE:Late90 SHORT TITLE: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. S.C. Sheppard Whiteshell Nuclear Research Establishment LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): J.J. Negusanti Northeastern Region (705) 975-4501 OBJECTIVE (S ) : To determine the concentration of U in soil that is toxic to plant growth, and to relate this toxicity to concentrations of U in plants and in soil extracts. To investigate how toxicity to U varies with differences in soil properties and among plant species. To document symptoms and associated consequences of high levels of U. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Elevated levels of uranium (U) exist in Ontario soils, notably in Port Hope, associated with former radium processing, and near Elliot Lake, associated with former and current mining operations. Uranium in these settings does not represent a radiological hazard (although its radioactive progeny may) . However, U is chemically toxic to plants, with some reports suggesting a level very close to normal background. This proposal is to establish toxicity levels for plants, using several soil types and plant species relevant to urban contamination scenarios. If toxicity is confirmed at levels found in Ontario soils, then the data will be important for setting cleanup criteria for remedial action. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (OOO's): 29.7 29.7 Work Years: Budget Source: RAC, Low-level Radioactive Waste Management Office KEYWORDS: uranium, phytotoxicity OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 75 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Nonaqueous Phase Liquid (NAPL) PROJECT NO: 477G Removal From Soil and Rock START DATE: 05/90 SHORT TITLE: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. Grahame J. Farquhar University of Waterloo LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): G. Hughes Waste Management Branch 323-5216 OBJECTIVE (S) : To identify and quantify technologies which may be suitable for the removal of NAPLs from fractured rock. The intention is to screen various methods including the applications of heat, low hazard solvents, oxidants and reductants in laboratory scale experiments in sand and rock. An important secondary objective of the work is to design, instrument and use the test cells since such equipment and procedures do not presently exist. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The research will study flushing, heating and dissolution as methods to remove spilled nonzqueous phase liquids (NAPLs) from soil and fractured rock. Experiments will conducted at laboratory scale in triaxial units and test cells capable of examining rock fractures up to lm2 in projected area. NAPLs to be studied will include at least Freon 113, TCE, PCE and transformer oil. Promising technologies will be identified in terms of recovery efficiency and environmental protection. Full scale field trails will be planned and designed. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 2 * 3 TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (OOO's): 80.0 80.0 160.0 Work Years: 2 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: groundwater, spills, NAPL OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 76 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Interpretation of Sugar Maple Ring PROJECT NO: 478G Chronologies from Central and Southern Ontario START DATE: 04/90 Using a Mixed Linear Model SHORT TITLE: Sugar Maple Ring Chronologies/Mixed Linear Model PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: O. Allen University of Guelph LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.)s D. McLaughlin Air Resources Branch 456-2504 OBJECTIVE (S ) : To develop a statistical model relating climate to growth rate of sugar maple in Southern and Central Ontario. Using the below model, assess whether atmospheric pollutants have been a factor in the reduction of the growth rate of sugar maple in Southern and Central Ontario. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The Ontario Ministry of the Environment has conducted a major survey in which sugar maple ring widths were measured from over 1000 trees from three regions (Southwestern Ontario, Central Ontario and the Sault Ste. Marie area) representing high, moderate and low levels of atmospheric pollution. The study will analyze these data with respect to causes of decline, combined with whatever auxiliary information is available on weather, harvesting and management systems and insect and disease infestations. The central question will be answered by a test of whether there is a year by region interaction, after adjusting for all other potential causes of the decline in tree growth for which we can obtain data. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (000 's): 8.7 8.7 Work Years: 1 Budget Source: APIOS KEYWORDS: sugar maple, mixed linear model OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 77 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT X SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Dense Gas Dispersion Modelling PROJECT NO: 479C Including Obstacles and Topography START DATE: 06/90 SHORT TITLE: Dense Gas Dispersion Modelling PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. S.R. Ramsay Envirotech Research Limited LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no. ) = H. Sahota Air Resources Branch 235-5764 OBJECTIVE (S) : An extensive review of existing theoretical, experimental and field data relevant to delling the effects of topography and obstacles on dense gas dispersion. Development of analytical and numerical models to describe the effects of topography and obstacles. An extensive comparison study of model results with existing laboratory and field trial data, and the predictions of other models. The development of an operational modelling capability for emergency management including topography and obstacles. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: This proposal describes a study to develop dense gas dispersion modelling in the presence of buildings, obstacles and topography. The study will use the GASTAR model developed by Dr. R. Britter of Cambridge Environmental Research Consultants and Dr. S. Ramsay of EnviroTech Research Limited as the basis for further development. The current GASTAR model has limited capabilities in computing dense gas dispersion influenced by obstacles and topography however considerable additional work is required to develop a model suitable for operational emergency management. The work necessary to achieve this capability on an operational basis is described. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES : Cost: (OOO's): 24.0 17.6 41.6 Work Years: 2 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: emergency response, gas dispersion, modelling OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 78 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Basic and Applied Studies with a PROJECT NO: 480G Trace Gas Analyzer START DATE: 05/90 SHORT TITLE: Trace Gas Analyzer PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. R.E. March Trent University LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): G. DeBrou Air Resources Branch 326-1660 OBJECTIVE ( S) : To carry out a program of research of ion-molecule reactions relevant to normal modes of operation of the TAGA. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: A collaborative University-Ministry of the Environment, Ontario (MOE) study of the use of a Trace atmospheric Gas Analyzer (TAGA) over a period of three years is proposed. The TAGA is to be supplied by the MOE and installed at Trent University, Peterborough. Under the joint supervision of three university Investigators, research on gaseous ion/molecule reactions will be carried out and combined with optimizing analytical protocols for the detection and measurement of compounds of interested to the MOE. Emphasis will be given to the development of new techniques for chemical ionization of compounds deletrious to the environment, to the investigation of processes of ion gragmentation and ion cluster formation, and to the study of processes for the removal of specific compounds or classes of compounds. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 2 * 3 TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (OOO's): 52.6 49.6 50.9 153.1 Work Years: Budget Source: RAC, Laboratory Services Branch KEYWORDS: TAGA OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 79 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT X SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Determination of Residential Wood PROJECT NO: 481C Burning Impact in Ontario Communities START DATE:Late 90 SHORT TITLE: Woodburning/ Impacts PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Ms. M.E. Yandle Concord Scientific Corporation LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.)- R- Potvin Northeastern Region (705) 675-4501 OBJECTIVE(S) : The extent of residential woodburning combustion (RWC) in Ontario will be documented including RWC practices, alternative practices and control options. The study of the air quality in RWC communities will be used to examine the impact of the emissions with respect to the environmental and health concerns. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: In a recent review, RWC has been sited as a source of emissions impacting air quality. The potential for RWC to be a problem is significant in Ontario and presently largely undocumented. The proposal plans to address this problem in two parts. Part I will investigate the actual impact in Ontario's woodburning community through an ambient air monitoring program. This program will include criterion and non-criterion toxic organic constituents and the use of potassium as a tracer of RWC sources. Part II will involved the characterization of emissions from Canadian wood stoves with locally available wood fuels. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES : Cost: (OOO's): 74.6 58.6 133.2 Work Years: 2 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS : air quality, woodsmoke ~ OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 80 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Analysis of Spatial and Temporal PROJECT NO: 482G Distribution of Inhalable Air Particulates START DATE: 05/90 in Ontario SHORT TITLE: Air Particulates/Spatial and Temporal Distribution Analysis PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. R. Martin University of Western Ontario LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): J.C. Hipfner Laboratory Services Branch 235-5856 OBJECTIVE(S) : To conduct a thorough study on PMIO in order to characterize the inhalable particulates (IP) less than 10 microns. To design an inhalable particulate database for the Ministry of the Environment and to analyze the data for use in the process of setting an inhalable particulate standard for Ontario. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Inhalable air particulates, less than ten microns in average diameter, will be collected and studies to establish; (a) their bulk elemental composition, (b) the elemental distribution within individual particles, (c) the chemical state and reactivity of individual particles and aggregates of particles, (d) their size distribution and physical characteristics, (e) the spatial and temporal distribution of particles across the Province. A wide range of techniques will be used. Following collection of samples at approximately ten sites in Ontario using commercially available PMIO samples the material will be examined using X-ray fluorescence (XRF), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Secondary Ion Mass Sectrometry (SIMS), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) Electron Microprobe (EM), Scanning Auger Spectroscopy (SAM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and various Synchrotron methods as well as optical methods including simple optical microscopy. The resulting data will be used to design an inhalable particulate standard for Ontario. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (OOO's): 58.5 58.5 117.1 Work Years: 2 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: inhalable particulates, standards OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports) EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies) COMMENTS ; "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 81 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: The Significance of Metabolic Changes PROJECT NO: 483G in Jack Pine Seedlings for Early Diagnosis START DATE: 04/90 of Fluoride Injury SHORT TITLE: Jack Pine Seedlings/Fluoride Injury PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. J.J. Zwiazek University of Alberta LIAISON OFFICER: (name, location, telephone no.): D. McLaughlin Air Resources Branch 456-2504 OBJECTIVE (S) : Determine threshold fluoride levels which result in the accumulation of starch in the chloroplast and depletion of membrance lipids. Establish whether these metabolic symptoms of fluoride injury can be mimicked by water stress. Determine the suitability of both metabolic symptoms of fluoride injury in early detection of fluoride damage. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The proposed study will investigate the effects of gaseous hydrogen fluoride on starch accumulation and the composition of membrane lipids in jack pine seedlings. It will determine the suitability of these metabolic parameters for early diagnostic detection of fluoride injury. The metabolic changes will be compared with those in water stressed plants to ensure that the effects of water stress and fluoride can be separated. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (OOO's): 40.5 19.0 59.5 Work Years: 2 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS : fluoride. Jack pine ~~ OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 82 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Retention of Toxic Landfill PROJECT NO: 484G Leachate Metals by Soil START DATE: 05/90 SHORT TITLE: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. L.J. Evans University of Guelph LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): A. Oda Waste Management Branch 323-5129 OBJECTIVE (S) : To determine the amount of toxic metals, in particular Zn, Hg and Cd, retained by soils with widely differing characteristics so that predictions can be made on the amount of leachate metals retained by Ontario soils as a function of pH, clay and organic matter contents and mineralogy. Results from these studies, should help predict the extent of metal retention by soils associated with landfill sites and estimate the rate of movement of toxic metals to surface and groundwaters. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Laboratory studies involving the use of adsorption isotherms, potentiometric titrations and leaching columns will be used to determine the absorption capacity of the soils. Surface complexation models, such the Constant Capacitance Model, and transport flow equations will be used to calculate the rate of movement of the metals to surface and/or groundwater. The usefulness of these models will be tested in leached soils columns. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (OOO's): 39.0 39.0 78.0 Work Years: 2 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: landfill, leachate, soil, heavy metals OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports) : EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 83 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLCXSY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT X SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Ontario Hydrobiotite-Vermiculite PROJECT NO: 485C as a Potential Landfill Liner and Adsorbent START DATE: 06/90 SHORT TITLE: Landfill Liner/Adsorbent PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. L.W. Curtis Curtis Si Associates Inc. LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): C.A. Bostock Waste Management Branch 323-5218 OBJECTIVE (S) : Determine the mineralogy, leaching and strength characteristics of specific controlled samples, and compare with known landfill-liners. Carry out detailed leaching and strength analysis. Refine any benef iciation technique required to improve stress characteristics of the mixed layer-mica vermiculite (MLMV) . Gauge the economics of the product. In-situ dispersion, coring, and leaching tests of the Stanleyville pit as an analogue for a MLMV-lined pit. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: An investigation of the potential use of southern Ontario vermiculite (Stanleyville Deposits) as a landfill-liner is produced. Vermiculite has an exceedingly high cation exchange capacity and may offer superior adsorbent characteristics relative to materials currently in use. Successful resolution of the project could have immediate beneficial impact on quality of landfill-liners in southern Ontario. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTA] RESOURCES : Cost: (OOO's): 47.7 47.7 Work Years: 1 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: landfill, liners, vermiculite OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 84 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Verification Studies of a Body Burden PROJECT NO: 486G Based Model for Predicting the Sublethal START DATE: 04/90 Toxicity of Fluctuating Containinated Exposures to Fish SHORT TITLE: Contaminant Exposures/Fish PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. D. G. Dixon University of Waterloo LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): C. Neville Water Resources Branch 235-5799 OBJECTIVE(S) : To demonstrate the utility of a body burden approached to aquatic toxicity problem solving and to integrate a body burden model in a diagnostic approach to ecosystem health assessment. To develop a scientific basis for developing water quality guidelines which are sensitive to pulse and fluctuating toxicant exposures. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The proposed research will develop burden-response relationships for sublethal and endpoints for PCP and another chlorinated organic compound in growth studies using fatheads minnows. The derived burden-response relationships will then be used in verification studies of a residue based, bioconcentration model to adequately estimate sublethal effects under non- equilibrium toxicant exposures. Modifying factors of ki netics (body size, lipid content) will be studied and threshold burdens of toxicity will be estimated for the subchronic exposure periods. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (OOO's): 28.4 28.4 Work Years: 1 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: toxicity, contaminants, exposures, fish OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 85 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Removal of Chlorophenols from PROJECT NO: 487G Wastewaters by the Photolysis of Hydrogen Peroxide START DATE: 04/90 Using Ultraviolet Light and Sun-Simulated Light SHORT TITLE: Chlorophenol Removal/Wastewaters PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. J.R. Bolton University of Western Ontario LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no. ) : A. Edmonds Water Resources Branch 323-2759 OBJECTIVE(S) : To carry out an examination of the feasibility of the H202 photolysis process for the removal of organic pollutants from waste water streams. To establish optimum conditions for the H202 photolysis process and to determine the effectiveness of using natural sunlight as the photolysis source. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The possibility of removal of organic pollutants from waste waters by the uv photolysis of H202 is an attractive alternative technology because H202 is a readily available industrial chemical and has no known adverse effects on the environment. The proposed study aims to examne the sensitized photodegradation of chlorophenols as a test system. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTA] RESOURCES: Cost: (OOO's): 42.5 42.5 Work Years: 1 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: chlorophenol, wastewater OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 86 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Impact of Livestock Manure and PROJECT NO: 488G Fertilizer Application on Nitrate Contamination START DATE: 04/91 of Groundwater SHORT TITLE: Fertilizer /Groundwater Contamination PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. R.G. Kachanoski University of Guelph LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): M. Blackie London Regional Office (519) 661-1710 OBJECTIVE(S) : Determine the quantities of nitrate and dissolved organic carbon transported below the root zone from crops treated with different levels of N from manures and fertilizer in relation to crop response. Establish the influence of time of manure application on crop response and N03 N contribution of groundwater. Evaluate the potential for denitrif ication. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The focus of this study will be on the fate of nitrate and dissolved organic carbon originating from manures applied in the fall and spring. The movement of N03 and DOC to groundwater from manure treatments will be compared to N03 leaching from fertilizer nitrate treatments and to crop response. It is believed that manures may provide more DOC to promote the denitrif ication process below the root zone and thereby lessen the contribution of N03 to groundwater. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 12 3 TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (OOO's): 74.2 69.2 69.2 212.6 Work Years: 3 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: fertilizer, groundwater, nitrate OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 87 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Development of Reliable Treatment PROJECT NO: 489G Systems for Milkhouse Wash Water START DATE: 04/90 SHORT TITLE: Reliable Treatment System/Water PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. P.H. Groenevelt University of Guelph LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no. ) J K. Willson Water Resources Branch (705) 766-2418 OBJECTIVE (S) : Determine the principal causes for the failure of the present disposal system. Identify possible remedial modifications which can be made to the treatment trench system or the washing procedure which will insure trouble- free operation of this system in poorly drained soils for at least 25 years. Failing the second objective, develop disposal alternatives which are both environmentally sound and acceptable to Ontario farmers. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: At present a large proportion of installed Treatment Trench systems for the disposal of milkhouse wash water have failed leaving farmers no alternative but to dump untreated wash water into ditches of field tiles. The estimated 180 tonnes of phosphorus per years bieng discharge from milkhouses in southern Ontario represents a serious environmental problem. The proposed research will focus on the fundamental reasons for practices as well as investigating possible disposal alternatives. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (OOO's): 23.0 23.0 46.0 Work Years: 2 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: water OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports) : EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS: NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT X SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Evaluation of the Impact of Timber PROJECT NO: 490C Management Practices on Lake Water Using START DATE: 07/90 Satellite Remote Sensing Data SHORT TITLE: Remote Sensing/Timber Management PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. H. George Geoscan Ltd, LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no. ) s B. Neary Water Resources Branch (705) 766-2418 OBJECTIVE(S) : To provide methodology for the routine operational surveillance of water quality impacts which are due to timber management practices and so alert the Water Resources Manager, in good time, of the need for detailed ground investigations . PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Satellite remote sensing imagery of lakes will be digitally analyzed and used to map concentrations of inorganic suspended sediment which are related to logging activities within lake basins. The relationship between timber management practice and water quality will be evaluated. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTA] RESOURCES: Cost: (OOO's): 32.9 32.9 Work Years: Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: remote sensing, water quality OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 89 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: The Effectiveness of a Stortnwater PROJECT NO: 49IG Management Pond in the Removal of Urban START DATE: 05/90 Contaminants from Stormwater SHORT TITLE: Urban Contaminant Removal /Stormwater Management PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. W.E. Watt Queen's University LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no. ) = J- P ' ng Water Resources Branch 323-5218 OBJECTIVE(S) : To evaluate the effects of on-line quantity/quality SWR control ponds with regard to discharge water quality through a case study in Kingston Township. Goals include: Gathering of 3 seasons of water quantity and quality data on an event basis for a SWR pond in Kingston Township. Calibration of a water quality/quantity model for the pond and creek system. Determination of a water and contaminant balance for the SWN pond. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: This study will involve the study and monitoring of an on- line stormwater management control pond in Kingston Townsihp with the object of characterizing the ability of the pond to remove water borne contaminants from the stormwater. It will consider how to enhance the contajtiinant removal function in future (on-line) stormwater control ponds. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES: . Cost: (000 '8): 32.2 28.7 28.7 89.6 Work Years: 3 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: stormwater management OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 90 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Causes of Pollution-Associated PROJECT NO: 492G Neoplasms in Fish in Lake Ontario START DATE: 04/90 SHORT TITLE: Lake Ontario/Neoplasms PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. M. Hayes University of Guelph LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): Ian R. Smith Water Resources Branch 235-5788 OBJECTIVE(S) : Determination of the cause of intercurrent liver diseases that affects white suckers and brown bullheads in the Great Lakes. Develop of risk assessment criteria for envionmental PAHs according to various disease, age or nutritional states that might render certain individual fish & humans more susceptible to PAHs. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: This project is aimed at determining the causative factors involved in pollution associated liver cancers in benthic fish (mainly white suckers), from industrially polluted sites in western Lake Ontario (Hamilton and Toronto) . The study will establish the specific cause and role of the intercurrent hepatitis by determining how this disease interferes with gluthione S-transferase isoenzymes which are the most important detoxifying system for DNA-damaging metabolites of PAHs. These approaches toward the understanding of multifactorial carcinogenesis are essential to risk assessment of environmental PAHs because they will help to explain why these substances are sometimes carcinogenic but often are not. These studies will provide a mechanistic basis for deciding how health studies of wild fish can be reliably used to monitor the environmental improvements resulting from the MISA program. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) T^ 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (OOO's): 54.2 56.6 110.8 Work Years: 2 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: pollution, neoplasms OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports) : EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc . ) - 91 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Geochemical Characterization and PROJECT NO: 493G Size Fractionation of Metal/Particulate Discharges to START DATE: 04/90 the Don River SHORT TITLE: Metal/Particulate Discharges/Don River PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. A. P. Zimmerman University of Toronto LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): G. Bowen Water Resources Branch 323-4805 OBJECTIVE(S) : To asses trace metal/particulate loads contributed by specific discharge sources to the Don River by geochemically characterizing the associations of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn within 3 particle size classes of suspended particulates from cischarge outfalls. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The project will assess trace metal/particulate loads contributed by specific discharge sources to the Don using geochemical phase and/or particle size as a means of "fingerprinting" discharge sources. By assessing metal loads contributed by specific discharge sources, the study will provide information that can be used to prioritize sources for abatement and evaluate the potential effectiveness of proposed remedial action plans. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES : Cost: (OOO's): 19.0 19.0 Work Years: 1 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: metal and particulate discharges, Don River OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS: NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 92 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Impact of Bleached Kraft Mill Effluent PROJECT NO: 494G on Reproductive, Biochemical and START DATE: 04/90 Immunological Characteristics of White Sucker and Whitefish SHORT TITLE: White Sucker and Whitef ish/Impacts of Effluent PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. G. Dixon University of Waterloo LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): Ian R- Smith Water Resources Branch 235-5788 OBJECTIVE(S) : Increase knolwedge of MFO systems in wild fish exposed to BKME. Determine the site of disruption of steriod metabolism and gonad maturation in BKME exposed fish. Evaluate the effect of BKME exposure on population characteristics and biochemistry of whitefish. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: This study will examine the MFO response of white sucker to BKME in kidney, which may be a preferred test organ, as well as in liver. Results will aid in the evaluation of the impacts of pulp mills and knowledge gained will be useful in the development of protocals for evaluating the effects of a variety of contaminants on feral fish populations. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * RESOURCES: Cost: (OOO's): 44.1 44.1 Work Years: 1 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: Whitefish, White sucker OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS: ' NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 93 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Flow of Manure Through Soil Macroporea PROJECT NO: 49 50 START DATE: 05/90 SHORT TITLE: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Mr. R. Fleming Centralia College of Agriculture LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no. ) = K. Willson Water Resources Branch 323-4820 OBJECTIVE(S) : Determine to what extent flfow of manure through soil macropores occurs under typical conditions. Compare the macropore flow for the soil from 2 different tillage systems - no-till vs. conventional tillage. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Agricultural practices, and specifically manure spreading practices, have been blamed for some problems in the quality of surface waters. This study is aimed at determining to what extent soil macropores are important in the flow of liquid manure through soil. By conducting a laboratory experiment with several undisturbed soild cores taken from typical farm fields, the study will clear up how significant macropore flow is in the contamination of draining tile systems. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (OOO's): 53.1 53.1 Work Years: 1 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: manure, soil macropores OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 94 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Characterization and Biotechnical Uses PROJECT NO: 496G of the Extracellular Emulsifying Agent START DATE: 04/90 Produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa SHORT TITLE: Extracellular Emulsifying Agent PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. H. Lee University of Guelph LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no. ) : M. Young Laboratory Services Branch 235-5866 OBJECTIVE(S) : To purify the extracellular oil emulsifier produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa UG2 . To identify the culture conditions necessary for optimal emulsifer production by UG2. To UG2 or the partially purified extracellular emulsifier from UG2 into hydrocarbon-contiminated soil in order to assess the influence of in situ emulsif ication on subsequent biodegradation of the hydrocarbon. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Biological degradation in land farming sites is an attractive and ecologically acceptable means of disposing of wastes containing complex hydro-carbons. The proposed studies are intended to characterize bio- chemically a natural emulsifer produced by an environmental isolate of UG2 . Positive research results arising from these studies may have considerable potential to enhance remediation in land farming or spill sites. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (OOO's): 47.3 47.3 47.3 141.9 Work Years: 3 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE; "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc . ) - 95 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Automatable Total Cyanide Analysis PROJECT NO: 497G START DATE: 04/90 SHORT TITLE: Cyanide Analysis PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. D.W. Kirk University of Toronto LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.)- J-C. Hipfner Laboratory Services Branch 235-5856 OBJECTIVE (S) : To develop an automated and reliable total cyanide analysis method. Demonstrate the selective UV decomposition can be used to avoid thiocyanate decomposition by provide quantitative complex canide recoveries. Determine the optimum conditions for decomposition of cyanide complexes. Determine the maximum concentrations of interfering ions that can be tolerated without affecting the cyanide analysis. Develop the method to the stage where a commerical prototype can be constructed. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: This project will develop a method of total cyanide analysis in environmental waste water samples having complex metal cyanides and interfering species. The method requirements include high sensitivity, rapid determination and suitability for automation. The feature and automation is very important because the time now required to perform the standard manual distillation method severely restricts sample throughput rates and is operator intensive. BUDGET AND Year: {* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES : Cost: (GOO'S): 29.5 29.5 Work Years: 1 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: cyanide analysis, automation OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 96 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Development of an Automated Batch PROJECT NO: 498G Hydride Generator for the Determination START DATE: 04/90 of Arsenic and Selenium SHORT TITLE: Automated Batch Hydride Generator /Arsenic & Selenium PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. Ian D. Br indie Brock University LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no. ) s R.S. Sadana Laboratory Services Branch 235-5861 OBJECTIVE (S) : The assembly of a coputer-controlled batch hydride generator system for the automated determination of elements such as arsenic and selenium. This system will take the sample rom a carousel, deliver it to the hydride generator, add appropriate reagents, acquire the raw data, store, calculate concentrations and store in appropriate report format. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The investigator has shown, through published work, that the L-cysteine and L-cystine have been uesful in overcoming interferences from transition elements in the determination of elements from groups IV and V. Modifications to a continuous hydride generator have proved to be very useful. This project will further modify the continuous hydride generator to operate in an intrinsically more sensitive mode to allow determination of these elements with greater sensitivity and lower detection limits. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAI RESOURCES: Cost: (OOO's): 40.0 40.0 Work Years: 1 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: hydride generator, arsenic, selenium OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : ~~ NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 97 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Supercritical Extraction Methods PROJECT NO: 499G for Aqueous and Carbon Sorbent Samples START DATE: 04/90 SHORT TITLE: Extraction Methods/Carbon Samples PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. J.B. Pawliszyn University of Waterloo LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.)' !• Ahmad Laboratory Services Branch 235-6014 OBJECTIVE (S) : To improve the speed and lower the cost of analysis of environmental samples by developing emthods based on supercritical fluid extraction (SEE). To automate since the sample transfer can be implemented by flowing the fluids in the system. This will allow processing of large number of samples within reasonable time and cost. Separation of organic components from the fluid can be achieved simply by expanding the compressed gas. Supercritical fluid extractions are capable of fractionating complex, organic mixtures into groups and therefore extensive cleanup in many cases might be rendered necessary. SEE will be used to isolate 2 classes of toxins. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Analytical supercritical fluid extractions (SEE) significantly lower the cost, shorten the time and improve precision by about an order of magnitude for the analysis of harmful chemicals such as pesticides in solid and queous samples. The study focuses on methodology for rapid and representative determination of presence of these pollutants in groundwater and well materials. SFE will be used to extract polychlorinated dibenzoo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans from the activated carbon sorbent used in a wastewater treatment plant. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) T"* 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (OOO's): 20.0 10.0 30.0 Work Years: 2 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: carbon, extraction methods OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS: NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 98 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: The Use of Environmental Isotope PROJECT NO: 500G Surveys in Assessing Contamination Potential START DATE: 04/90 of Confined Aquifers SHORT TITLE: Isotope Surveys/Confined Aquifers PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. M. Sklash University of Windsor LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.)' B. Novakovic London Regional Office (519) 661-2279 OBJECTIVE (S ) : To demonstrate the usefulness of regional environmental isotope surveys in assessing the contaminationpotential of regional confined aquifers. The freshwater aquifer in Essex County will be used as a case study. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: A regional environmental isotope survey of the freshwater aquifer in Essex County indicates that anomalously very young groundwater exists beneath the thick clayey confining unit and remote from the most obvious recharge area. The proposed research program is designed to confirm the existence of the young groundwater, establish the spatial relationship between the buried esker and the young groundwater, and to determine the recharge mechanism for the young groundwater. This study has obvious relevancy for both point and non-point sources of groundwater contamination in both Essex County and in similar hydrogeological environments. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RE SOURCE S : Cost: (OOO's): 26.3 24.6 50.9 Work Years: 2 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: confined aquifers OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 99 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Experimental and Theoretical Study of PROJECT NO: 501G Guelph Pilot Scale Solid Waste Composter START DATE: 04/90 SHORT TITLE: Guelph Solid Waste Composter PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. L. Otten University of Guelph LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): B. Killackey Waste Management Branch 323-5178 OBJECTIVE(S) : Obtain more detailed operating data on the pilot composter. Use the operating data to develop and implement a control system for the composting system. Determine if models used to describe the reltionships between heat output, temperature, ventilation rate, and water removal in composition of sewage sludge are applicable to the pilot plant. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The City of Guelph has started a pilot-scale wet/dry recycling progrcim and is constructing a hybrid aerated pile/in-vessel system to compost the wet stream. Determination of temperature and moisture content profiles in the reactor, inbound waste composition and compost quality fare necessary to obtain accurate information on the reactor performance. The data can be used in the development of a control system, the design of full-scale composting plants, and the development of a coputer model to describe and simulate the composting system. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (GOO'S): 44.7 45.8 90.5 Work Years : 2 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: solid waste, composter OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 100 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X P502GCT TITLE: Bioconversion of the Mechanically PROJECT NO: 502G Separable Paper Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste START DATE: 04/90 to Fuel Alcohol SHORT TITLE: Bioconversion of Solid Waste to Fuel Alcohol PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. M. Wayman University of Toronto LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no. ) = D.M. lanescu Waste Management Branch 323-5190 OBJECTIVE(S) : Determine the light fraction of MSW's potential for saccharif ication and for production of alcohol. Measure volume reduction, and make a mass balance of the process. Measure yields and enzyme requirements. Study processes for on-site manufacture of cellulase enzymes. Prepare a report which summarizes the results for this work, and considers the economic and technical factors in scale-up. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: This project is directedd to reducing the volume of MSW now going to landfill, and the bioconversion of its paper content to a marketable product, the environmentally benign motor fuel alcohol (ethanol). The process begins with enzymatic saccharif ication of cellulose, the largest component of the paper, followed by fermentation to ethanol. The proposal also includes study of a process for in-plant low-cost enzyme production. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES: _^ Cost: (OOO's): 47.0 49.0 96.0 Work Years: 2 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: solid waste, fuel alcohol, bioconversion OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 101 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT X SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Development of an Enzyme Immunoassay PROJECT NO: 503C for the Rapid Detection and Quanif ication of START DATE: 04/90 Glyphosate SHORT TITLE: Enzyme Immunoassay/Rapid Detection PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Mr. Claude J. Morin Paracel Laboratories LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.)' D. Hall Laboratory Services Branch 235-5910 OBJECTIVE(S) : Development of an enzyme immunoassay using polyclonal antibodies that could possibly, later be replaced by monoclonal antibodies. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Amongst the pesticides used in the Province of Ontario, N- (Phosphonomethyl) glycine (glyphosate) is of major importance. The use of an enzyme immunoassay would be of great help in i) shortening the time required for the analysis of glyphosate and its major metabolite, aminoethylphophonic acid, ii) allowing the simultaneous analysis of many samples at the same time, and iii) lowering the detection limit. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES : Cost: (OOO's): 74.8 74.8 Work Years: 1 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: enzyme immunoassay, glyphosate, rapid screening OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 102 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Development of Techniques and PROJECT NO: 504G Methodologies for the Direct Analysis of Solids START DATE: 04/90 and Difficult Samples by ICE-AES and ICP-MS SHORT TITLE: ICE-AES /ICP-MS Analysis PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. E. Sal in McGill University LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.)? D. Boomer Laboratory Services Branch 235-5858 OBJECTIVE ( S ) : Development of instrumentation and methodologies which provide significant improvement in elemental analysis capabilities. The proposal is concentrating in two areas {(1) reduction of sample preparation by eliminating or reducing the requirement and (2) improvement in detection limits. The approach is targeted at ICP based instrumentation (of which the MOE has 10, because they should offer good detection limits and high throughput when the work is completed. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Based on the University's experience (project 270), they propose the extension of their work with Direct Sample Insertion (DSI) for both ICP-AES and ICP-MS. Now the university proposes the development of methodologies for specific MOE sample types which are suitable for DSI-ICP sample introduction. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES : Cost: (GOO'S): 37.0 39.0 41.0 117.0 Work Years: 3 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: ICP-AES, ICP-MS, soilds analysis, direct analysis, trace metals OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports) EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 103 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY; 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Physical Modelling of Contaminant PROJECT NO: 505G Plumes from Landfills START DATE: 04/90 SHORT TITLE: Contaminant Plumes Modelling PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. R.J. Mitchell Queen's University LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): C.A. Bostock Waste Management Branch 323-5218 OBJECTIVE (S) : To apply expertise in physical modelling of geotechnical phenomenon to the problems of contaminant transport in partly saturated soils. To produce realistic and accurate data on contaminant migration from landfills, tank leakages or spills and to develop correlations between the physical model results and numerical techniques for predicting plume development. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Problems of groundwater flow and contaminant transport in partly saturated soils cannot be solved using numerical techniques. Physical modelling by means of a geotechnical centrifuge offers an attractive alternative. Municipal landfills are generally sited on partly saturated soils and the prediction of potential contaminant plume development should some liner leakage occur is a problem which can be accurately modelled in Queen's geotechnical centrifuge. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES: . Cost: (GOO'S): 18.5 16.5 15.5 50.5 Work Years: 3 Budget Source: RAG KEYWORDS: modelling, contaminant plumes, landfills OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 104 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT X SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Accurate Control Testing for PROJECT NO: 506C Clay Liner Permeability START DATE: 04/90 SHORT TITLE: Control Testing/Clay Liner PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. R.J. Mitchell Queen's University LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): C.A. Bostock Waste Management Branch 323-5218 OBJECTIVE (S) : To develop a simple accurate apparatus and methodology to carry out both design and control testing of compacted clay liner permeability. Present methods are not satisfactory due to low confidence levels as a result of test leakage and long duration (up to 20 days to obtain an evaluation) which results in an unacceptable lag between installation and control evaluation. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: In an effort to improve liner evaluation techniques, an apparatus will be developed to carry out liner permeability testing in a geotechnical centrifuge. Data from conventional triaxial permeability testing will be compared with data obtained in the centrifuge liner models in order to demonstrate the superior confidence levels obtained and reliability of the centrifuge model test. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (OOO's): 12.6 12.6 Work Years: 1 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: clay liner, permeability OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : " NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 105 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Reassessment of the Efficiency of PROJECT NO: 507G Market Policies for Pollution Control START DATE: 04/90 SHORT TITLE: Market Policies/Pollution Control PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. D.N. Dewees University of Toronto LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no. ) : P. Blyth Policy & Planning Branch 323-4686 OBJECTIVE ( S ) : Use available data on the shape of benefit functions to identify pollutants for which the effect investigated here is substantial and important, and those for which it is relatively unimportant. Produce a summary of the situations for which considerable advantages arise from the use of economic mechanisms for pollution control. Environmental problems in Ontario where these advantages might be greatest will be identified. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The Environment is not perfectly mixed. Once this is recognized the theoretical advantage of effluent charges and marketable effluent rights policies, in minimizing pollution control costs, drop substantially. This study will explore the benefits that are generated when ambient pollution concentration is reduced below air quality standards, and evaluate the extent to which these benefits may offset the added costs imposed by applying a uniform market policy over an unmixed airshed. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (OOO's): 13.9 13.9 Work Years: 1 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: pollution control OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - ]06 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X INTERNAL CONTRACT GRANT X SOLICITED UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Municipal Recycling Programs and Household Conservation Behaviour PROJECT NO: 508G START DATE: 04/90 SHORT TITLE: Household Behaviour/Recycling PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION; Dr. R. Kreutzwiser University of Guelph LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): J. Petoia Waste Management Branch 323-5210 OBJECTIVE(S) : The study aims to inventory the extent of conservation behaviour and attitudes in a sample of Guelph households. To Test the influence of degrees of participation in recycling programs and selected and household attributes on the inventoried conservation behaviour and attitudes. To recommend strategies for enhancing conservation behaviour broadly. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: A sample of Guelph residents participating in two recycling programs, as well as non-participants, will be interviewed to inventory household conservation behaviour, attitudes, and selected characteristics. Analysis will explore, among other potential relationships, the extent to which practical experience (learning) with recycling leads to other forms of environmentally- friendly behaviour. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) RESOURCES: 1 * TOTAL Cost: (000 's): Work Years: 1 Budget Source: RAC 6.1 6.1 KEYWORDS: recycling, waste management, conservation, behaviour OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports) EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies) COMMENTS ; NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 107 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X INTERNAL CONTRACT X GRANT SOLICITED UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Economy-Environment Linkages and Sustainable Development in Ontario PROJECT NO: 509C START DATE: 04/90 SHORT TITLE: Sustainable Development /Ontario PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. P. A. Victor VHB Research & Consulting Inc. LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): J. A. Donnon Policy & Planning Branch 323-4579 OBJECTIVE(S) : To develop a framework that will: provide a means of quantifying economy - environment linkages in Ontario; assist the examination of sustainability of development in Ontario through scenario analysis. A secondary objective is to generate a basis for integrated provincial economy-environment accounts. To lay the groundwork for the extension of the framework to include a model of one or more renewable resources in Ontario. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The main tasks to be performed are: to assemble data bases on resources used and wastes by economic sector and on the population and resources at risk, to add production technologies to a regionalized input-output model, to incorporate the environmental protection sector in the input-output model as well as the data on resources and wastes, to develop scenarios and undertake scenario analysis, and to prepare a report and user manual. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) RESOURCES : 1 * TOTAL Cost: (GOO'S): Work Years: 2 Budget Source: RAC 135.6 61.2 196.8 KEYWORDS: sustainable development, economy, environment OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports) EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies) COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 108 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Determination of Geochemical PROJECT NO: 510G Modification of Groundwater Entering Surface START DATE: 04/90 Waters from an Industrial and Municipal Disposal Site SHORT TITLE: Groundwater into Surface Waters from Disposal Sites PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. D.R. Lee University of Waterloo LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.)! ^- Dryan River's Project (519) 336-4030 OBJECTIVE(S) : To determine the contaminant flux from two known discharge areas, one adjacent to the Algoma Steel Plant in the St. Marys River and one downgradient from either the North Bay or the Deep River municipal landfills. The long-term objective is to provide a scientific basis for regulation of groundwater- contaminant loading of surface water. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Continued efforts to reduce surface-water pollution require assessment of groundwater and contaminant flux. It is now possible to locate zones of contaminant flux and measure the water flux and chemical gradient in the shallow sediments of discharge zones. This topic is pertinent because without consideration of this geochemical interface, it will not be possible predict solute fluxes from zones of groundwater contamination to surface water. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES: . Cost: (OOO's): 19.5 16.7 36.2 Work Years: 2 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: groundwater, disposal sites, surface waters OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 109 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT X SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Development and Validation of a PROJECT NO: 511C New, Rapid, and Economical Surrogate Bioassay START DATE: 04/90 for Industrial Contaminants SHORT TITLE: Surrogate Bioassay for Industrial Contaminants PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Mr. Guy L. Gilron Borealis Environmental Consulting LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): D. Poirer Water Resources Branch 235-5795 OBJECTIVE ( S ) : To establish toxicological dose-response relationships using a novel 15-min chemotactic bioassay technique for the ciliated protist, Tetrahvmena vorax, using industrial waste discharges and evaluate the predictive capability of this test by comparing it to standard bioassys using Daphnia magna and rainbow trout. The proposed study would address the need for a more inexpensive, simple, and rapid test for toxicant mixtures. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: In light of the need for the development of predictive dose- response relationships for aquatic organisms, tests focussing on other trophic levels, for which tests are rapid and economical, merit further investigation. Although microbial communities have been used in the assessment of pollutant effects, their importance and usefulness as indicators have been generally been overlooked. We propose to develop a toxicological dose-response relationship for Tetrahvmena vorax. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAI RESOURCES : Cost: (OOO's): 47.9 47.9 Work Years: 1 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: bioassay, contaminants OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 110 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: The Effect of Farm Liquid Waste PROJECT NO: 512G Application on Receiving Water Quality START DATE: 04/90 SHORT TITLE: Liquid Waste/Water Quality PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Ms. D. Dean Ausable Bayfield Conservation Authority LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): M. Blackie London Regional Office (519) 611-1710 OBJECTIVE(S) : Determine under which soil types and moisture conditions, the quality of receiving wasters will be impaired when liquid manure is spread. Measure the efficiency of different soil types in removing bacteria. Use biotracers to determine the pathways of bacteria through the soil profile to the receiving water. Gather data that will help reduce beach closures and therefore reduce economic hardship in resort or tourist areas. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The first years of the study (project 430G) showed that the application of liquid manure can impair the quality of receiving water rapidly and dramatically. Data which will be collected in the second year of study will hopefully confirm the results from year one. The additional data will also be used to produce a predictor model based on the above paraimeters to determine a safe rate of manure application uder specific field conditions. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RE SOURCE S : Cost: (OOO's): 77.0 77-0 Work Years: 1 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: liquid waste, water quality OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - Ill - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Novel Approach for the Development PROJECT NO: 513G of Transgenic Plants Resistant to Pathogens: START DATE: 04/90 An Alternative to Reduce the Use of Chemical Pesticides SHORT TITLE: Transgenic Plants Resistant to Pathogens PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. M.G. AbouHaidar University of Toronto LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): J. S. Bailey Hazardous Contaminants Branch 323-5098 OBJECTIVE(S) : To develop "transgenic" plants (tomato, potato, peas and impatiens) resistant to certain economically important viruses {tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) , potato virus X (PVX), potato virus Y (PVY), clover yellow mosaic virus (CYMV) and other viruses}. Another objective of this study is to make this novel approach, a model study for the development of other plants resistant not only to viruses but also to other pathogens and pests. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The aim of this study is to use the novel "Ribozyme" as a tool to specifically cut the viral genome and confer resistance to virus infection. Other well established molecular techniques of gene transfer, plant transformation and regeneration will be used to develop "transgenic tomato, potato and impatiens cultivars resistant to certain economically important viruses. As a result the need for chemical pesticides to control insects vectors (i.e. aphids, white flies, thrips etc.) will be drastically diminished. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (OOO's): 32.2 32.2 32.2 96.6 Work Years: 3 Budget Source: RAC, OMAF KEYWORDS: transgenic plant, viruses, ribozyme OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : ^ NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 112 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INA/ENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Development of Procedures for Improved PROJECT NO: 514G Data Quality for Monitoring Sewage Plants Under START DATE: 09/90 the MISA Program SHORT TITLE: MISA/Sewage Plant Monitoring PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: P. Sly Canadian Association of Environmental Analytical Laboratories (CAEAL) LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): S. Villard Laboratory Services Branch 235-5748 OBJECTIVE (S) : To establish a laboratory certification/accreditation process. The process and associated criteria will be used to establish the performance level of Ontario analytical laboratories. This work will facilitate the privatization program of the Ontario Government. This work will also enhance the performance and qulaity of private-sector laboratories, and improve their competitiveness in both the Canadian and U.S.A. markets. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: To determine the capabilities and performance of Ontario- based laboratories that support MISA program monitoring activities for sewage treatment plants. To develop laboratory Code-of-Practice documents. To develop generalized accreditation/certification schemes and associated criteria. To establish formal mechanisms for technology transfer of new analytical and qiaality assurance methods to Ontario environmental laboratories. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES : . Cost: (OOO's): 151.0 62.0 213.0 Work Years: 2 Budget Source: RAC KEYWORDS: MISA, sewage treatment plants, QA/QC, round-robin OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS: In progress. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 113 - AIR RESOURCES BRANCH TABLE OF CONTENTS Project No. Title Page 298PL Method Development of PAH's in Ambient 114 Air ARB Method Development for Volatile Organics 115 in Ambient Air ARB Flouride Criteria Studies 116 ARB Eulerian Model Evaluation Field Study 117 ARB-1 TAGA Method Development 118 ARB-2 Application of GC/MI/FTIR to 119 Determination of Ambient PAH and Forma Idehyde ARB-3 Application of ADOM to the Transport 120 and Deposition of Mercury - 114 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL INTERNAL X Contract Grant Solicited Unsolicited X PROJECT TITLE: Method Development of PAH's in Ambient Air PROJECT NO: 298PL START DATE: 03/86 SHORT TITLE: PAH's in Ambient Air PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. G. Diamond Air Resources Branch 880 Bay Street Toronto, 326-1661 LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): Dr. N. Reid Air Resources Branch OBJECTIVE(S) : To develop a method of accurate sampling of airborne PAH compounds on a routine basis. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: This a joint ARB-LSB-Regional Offices project. Various methods are being evaluated by both laboratory and field testing, to assess possible interferences, accuracy and precision. BUDGET AND RESOURCES : Year: (* current) TOTAL Cost: (SOOO's): Work Years: Budget Source: ARB Internal 30.0 KEYWORDS: PAH, ambient air OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports) EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies) COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC , OPAC, Branch, etc.) . - 115 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL INTERNAL X Contract Grant Solicited Unsolicited PROJECT TITLE: Method Development for Volatile Organics in Ambient Air PROJECT NO: ARB START DATE: 03/82 SHORT TITLE: VOC Development PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Mr. P. Steer Air Resources Branch LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): N. Reid Air Resources Branch 326-1691 OBJECTIVE(S) : To develop a method for accurate sampling of volatile organic compounds on a routine basis. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: This is a joint ARB-LSB-Regional Offices project. The use of ambient cartridges and other sampling approaches is being evaluated by both laboratory and field testing, with a view to possible interferences, accuracy and precision. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) RESOURCES : TOTAL Cost: (SOOO's): Work Years: 0.5 Budget Source: ARB 50.0 KEYWORDS: Volatile toxic organic compounds OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies) COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc.) . - 116 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL INTERNAL X Contract Grant Solicited Unsolicited PROJECT TITLE: Flouride Criteria Studies PROJECT NO: ARB START DATE: 11/85 SHORT TITLE: Fluoride Criteria PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Mr. R.D. Jones Phytotoxicology Section Controlled Environment Library, Brampton A56-2504 LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): D.S. Harper Air Resources Branch 456-2505 OBJECTIVE(S) : To conduct a series of controlled environment exposures to evaluate the current (proposed) 24 gaseous fluoride criteria in air, with respect to injury to vegetation. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Various species of plants with known sensitivity to gaseous fluoride are being exposed to fluoride concentrations at and above Ippb (v/v) (0.86ug/l) for 24 hours. Injuries resulting from these exposures are rated and the plant tissue evaluated including: Manitoba maple, plum, gladiolus, apricot, tulip, wild grape and white pine. On completion, the validity of the 24-hour criterion (Ippb) will be assessed. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) RESOURCES: 5 6* TOTAL Cost: (SOOO's): Work Years: 6 Budget Source: ARB 98.0 KEYWORDS: Fluoride, controlled exposure, vegetation OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): The results will be published in a Ministry report and possibly in a referred Journal. EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): None COMMENTS: Report pending end of fiscal year NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc.) . - 117 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL Contract Solicited INTERNAL X Grant Unsolicited PROJECT TITLE: Eulerian Model Evaluation Field Study PROJECT NO: ARB START DATE: 06/88 SHORT TITLE: Eulerian Model PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. N. Reid Air Resources Branch LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): Dr. M. Lusis Air Resources Branch OBJECTIVE(S) : To collect special atmospheric chemistry measurements on acid- rain-related compounds, for evaluation of Eulerian long-range transport studies. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Measurements of sulphur and nitrogen oxides in air and precipitation, and related compounds, are made in Dorset and a number of other sites. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 2 3* TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (SOOO's): 220.0 Work Years: 3.0 Budget Source: ARB KEYWORDS: Acid rain, atmospheric chemistry OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): USEPA, EPRI , Environment Canada, Florida Acid Department Monitoring Program. COMMENTS: Field measurements have been completed. Initial data sets have been delivered, and model evaluation is under way. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC , OPAC, Branch, etc. ) . - 118 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL X GRANT UNSOLICITED PROJECT TITLE: TAGA Method Development PROJECT NO: ARB-1 START DATE: SHORT TITLE: TAGA Method Development PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: G. De Brou Air Resources Branch LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no. ) s M. Lusis Air Resources Branch 326-1667 OBJECTIVE(S) : To develop analytical methods to allow the TAGA to be applied to a range of chemical species. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: This is an on-going program to expand the capability of the mobile TAGA system. It involves investigation of inlet conditions and ion chemistry, formation of a library and other techniques associated with CI/MS, MS/MS, etc. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RE SOURCE S : Cost: (000 's): 90.0 90.0 Work Years: 0.75 Budget Source: Air Resources Branch KEYWORDS: TAGA, mobile monitoring, toxic compounds, MS/MS OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS: This project has been on-going since the acquisition of the TAGA. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 119 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL X GRANT UNSOLICITED PROJECT TITLE: Application of GC/MI/FTIR to PROJECT NO: ARB-2 Determination of Ambient PAH and Formaldehyde START DATE: SHORT TITLE: FTIR Development PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: R. Chapman Air Resources Branch LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): R. Bell Air Resources Branch 326-1670 OBJECTIVE (S) : To expand the capability of the Air Resources Branch in monitoring airborne pollutants. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Methods development for the gas chromatography/matrix isolation/fourier transform infrared spectrometer system to provide a technique complementary to mass selective detection. Specific application to PAH and formaldehyde. Methods of sampling and sample delivery. Formation of compound library. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES : Cost: (OOO's): 25.0 25.0 Work Years: 1 Budget Source: Air Resources Branch KEYWORDS : PAH, formaldehyde, FTIR OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 120 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL INTERNAL X CONTRACT GRANT SOLICITED UNSOLICITED PROJECT TITLE: Application of ADOM to the Transport and Deposition of Mercury PROJECT NO: ARB-3 START DATE: SHORT TITLE: Mercury Modelling PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: C. Fung Air Resources Branch LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.)' P» Misra Air Resources Branch 235-5768 OBJECTIVE (S) : To predict the transport and deposition of mercury in eastern North America using ADOM. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The ADOM model will be modified to allow its application to the emission, transport and deposition of mercury. Determination of the direct atmospheric input of mercury to water bodies, such as the great Lakes is of particular interest. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 RESOURCES : TOTAL Cost: (000 '8): Work Years: 0.5 Budget Source: Air Resources Branch 20.0 20.0 KEYWORDS: model, mercury, ADOM OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports) EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 121 - HAZARDOUS CONTAMINANTS COORDINATION BRANCH TABLE OF CONTENTS Project No. Title Page HCCB Exposure Studies in the Use of Pesticides in the Home Garden and for Landscape Pest Control PO#A04809 Persistance, Leaching and Bioavailability of Inorganic and Pentachlorophenol Wood Preservatives 122 123 - 122 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL Contract Solicited INTERNAL Grant Unsolicited PROJECT TITLE: Exposure Studies in the Use of PROJECT NO: HCCB Pesticides in the Home Garden START DATE: and for Landscape Pest Control SHORT TITLE: Use of Pesticides - Home Garden/Landscape PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. K. Solomon Canadian Centre for Toxicology LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): J. Onderdonk/J. Lucas Hazardous Contaminants Branch 323-5099/323-5111 OBJECTIVE(S) : Contractor will address exposure of professional applicators, homeowners and bystanders. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Pesticide exposure studies under field conditions will be carried out to define professional applicator, homeowners, bystander exposure and to define means to reduce exposure. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 2* 3 TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (SOOO's): 11.0 98.6 99.8 209.4 Work Years: 7,5 Budget Source: HCCB KEYWORDS: exposure studies on pesticides OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): progress reports, final report, scientific papers. EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): peer review by Health and Welfare Canada. COMMENTS: In progress. Project will be completed by March 1991. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAG, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) . - 123 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X INTERNAL CONTRACT GRANT X SOLICITED UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Persistance, Leaching and Bio- availability of Inorganic and Pentachlorophenol Wood Preservatives PROJECT NO: PO#A04809 START DATE: 01/88 SHORT TITLE: Wood Preservatives PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: K. Solomon Canadian Centre for Toxicology LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.)-' G. Cutten Hazardous Contaminants Branch 323-5117 OBJECTIVE (S) : Study the potential human exposure and ecological importance of the potential dislodgeability of residues of PCP and inorganic preservatives. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The project will cover several priorities: 1. Leaching from treated lumber into water of inorganics and effect of acid precipitation on leaching into water. 2. Leaching of PCP from treated wood and movement in soil. 3. Aquatic toxicology of leachates and individual components. 4. Human bystander exposure to PCP leachates. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 RESOURCES : Cost: (OOO's): 10.2 Work Years: 3 Budget Source: Hazardous Contaminants Branch 32.5 34.4 77.1 KEYWORDS: wood preservatives, inorganic, PCP pentachlorophenol, bystander exposure OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): Interim Reports July 1988, April 1989, September 1989, and December 1989. EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS: This project has also initiated research projects through OCT funded by Canadian Electrical Association and Ontario Hydro Re: PCP and CCA use in utility poles. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 124 - LABORATORY SERVICES BRANCH TABLE OF CONTENTS Project No. Title Page ITC-E-8802 Source Identification of Airborne 126 Particulates of Environmental Concern Using Surface and Microchemical Techniques ITC-I-8801 Ultratrace Metal Analysis by IC-MS Using 127 Column Preconcentration ITC-I-8901 The Application of ICP/MS for the Analysis 128 of Metals in Surface Waters DWO-I-8703 Stability Study of Dibenzo-p-dioxins and 129 Dibenzofurans in Fish During Storage DWO-E-8801 Development of an Automated HPLC System 130 for the Extraction and Determination of Multiresidues from Water Samples DWO-I-8902 Accuracy & Reproducibility of Compound 131 Identification by GC-MS (Round Robin Study) DWO-I-8904 Investigation of Formation of Dioxins/ 132 Furans in Prescribed Burns DWO-I-9001 Dioxins and Furans in Ambient Air - 133 Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment - Method Development DWO-I-9002 Lquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry 134 (LC-MS) TO-I-8802 Hi-Vol Sampler and Field Validation for 135 Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Structures TO-I-8903 Development of Method for the Analysis of 136 Base/Neutral and Phenolic Compounds in (MISA Test Groups 19, 20) Municipal Sewage Sludge TO-I-8904 Routine Method for the Analysis of Resin 137 and Fatty Acids in Sediments - 125 - Project No. Title Page TO-I-8905 Broad Range Screening Method for the 138 Analysis of Phenols and Related Compounds in Sediments TO-I-8906 Method Devolpment fot VOST and VOC 139 Cartridges TO-I-8907 Development of Method for the Analysis 140 of Chlorophenols, PCB, PAH, & CB in Stack Samples WQ-I-9 002 Oxidation of Sulphur Compounds and 141 Detection as Sulphate by Ion Chromatography WQ-I-9003 Development of an Image Analyzer for the 142 Enumeration of Bacterial Colonies on Membrane Filtres - 126 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT X SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT UNSOLICITED PROJECT TITLE: Source Identification of Air PROJECT NO: ITC-E-8802 Borne Particulates of Environmental Concern Using START DATE: 08/88 Surface and Microchemical Techniques SHORT TITLE: Source Identification of Air Particulates PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: R.R. Martin University of Western Ontario LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.)= J- Hipfner/R. Moody Laboratory Services Branch 235-5856 OB JECTI VE ( S ) : To develop a series of instrumental tests which may be used to identify specific sources of airborne particulates. The environmental toxicity will also be assessed. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: This project will provide MOE with an expanded capability for identification of air particulates relating to sources; has application toward complaint investigations and long range air transport of particulates. University of Western Ontario will be utilizing the resources of the Surface Science Centre which received funding recently by the Ontario Government as a Centre of Excellence. The work will be done by an MSc student who will work closely with Laboratory Services Branch staff. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 2 3 * TOTAL RESOURCES : Cost: (GOO'S): 8.6 42.9 37.4 88.9 Work Years: 3 Budget Source: Laboratory Services Branch KEYWORDS: airborne particulates, characterization OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): 1. "The Use of Surface Science Techniques in the Characterization of Inhaleable Air Particulates", R. Martin, J. Hipfner and R. Moody, Presented at CIC Conference, Victoria, B.C., June 1989. 2. "Catalytic Properties of Air Particulates", J. Hiphner, R. Martin. Presented at the Canadian Chemical Congress, Halifax, N.S. July 1990. EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : This project is part of the Lab/University Joint Research Venture Program. Completion date is August 28, 1991. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 127 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL INTERNAL X CONTRACT GRANT SOLICITED UNSOLICITED PROJECT TITLE: Ultratrace Metal Analysis by IC-MS using Column Preconcentration PROJECT NO: ITC-I-8801 START DATE: 01/89 SHORT TITLE: IC-ICP/MS PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: M. Powell/J. Hipfner Inorganic Trace Contauninants Section Laboratory Services Branch LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): M. Powell/J. Hipfner Laboratory Services Branch 235-5894 OBJECTIVE(S) : To develop and optimize an IC-ICP/MS for select trace elements and to use preconcentration with IC-ICP/MS to reduce detection limits. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: An ion chromatograph will be coupled to an IC-ICP/MS instrument, and the system optimized for Pb, Cd, and Cu. The column will be used to preconcentrate these and possibly other trace metals, for subsequent measurement by ICP/MS. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) RESOURCES : 2 * TOTAL Cost: (OOO's): 16.0 Work Years: 0.6 Budget Source: Laboratory Services Branch 25.0 25.0 66.0 KEYWORDS: ICP/MS, IC, IC-ICP/MS, preconcentration, water analysis OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports) EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS: Research in support of Water Resources Branch, Dorset Program. Completion date is June 1, 1991. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 128 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL INTERNAL X CONTRACT GRANT SOLICITED UNSOLICITED PROJECT TITLE: The Application of ICP/MS for the Analysis of Metals in Surface Waters PROJECT NO: ITC-I 8901 START DATE: 07/89 SHORT TITLE: ICP/MS Surface Waters PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: M. Powell/E. Quan Inorganic Trace Contaminants Section Loiboratory Services Branch LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no. ) s M. Powell/E. Quan Laboratory Services Branch 235-5834 OB JECTIVE ( S ) : To assess the feasibility of using ICP/MS for the analysis of surface water samples on a routine basis. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Data from previous analysis of routine surface water samples submitted to MOE will be summarized. Experiments will be carried out to determine the limitations of ICP/MS for these samples. A tentative methods using matrix matching, internal standards, and appropriate instrument settings will be devised and tested. Sample screening and data routing procedures willl be implemented as necessary. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) RESOURCES : 2 * Cost: (000" B): 30.0 Work Years: 1 Budget Source: Laboratory Services Branch 30.0 60.0 KEYWORDS: ICP/MS, water analysis OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports) EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS: Research in support of Water Resources Branch programs. Completion date is March 31, 1991. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc.) - 129 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL INTERNAL X CONTRACT GRANT SOLICITED UNSOLICITED PROJECT TITLE: Stability Study of Dibenzo-p-dioxins PROJECT NO; DWO-I-8703 and Dibenzofurans in Fish During Storage START DATE: 01/87 SHORT TITLE: Dioxins/Furans in Stored Fish Samples PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: C. Tashiro Drinking Water Organics Section Laboratory Services Branch LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no. ) s C. Tashiro Laboratory Services Branch 235-5897 OBJECTIVE ( S ) : To determine the effect of freezer storage time on analytical results. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Up to two years or more can elapse before ground fish samples are analyzed. This study is needed to determine whether the analytical results obtained are consistent over this time jseriod. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) RESOURCES: 3 * TOTAL Cost: (000 'B): 21.0 Work Years: 0.9 Budget Source: Laboratory Services Branch 10.0 10.0 41.0 KEYWORDS: fish, storage, dioxin OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports) EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS: Work is required to support Water Resources Branch - Fish Contaminants Prograun. Samples have been stored for three years. Extracted samples will be analyzed by April, 1990. Report is to be completed by July, 1991. Completion date is July 30, 1991. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 130 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT X SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT UNSOLICITED PROJECT TITLE: Development of an Automated HPLC PROJECT NO: DWO-E-8801 System for the Extraction and Determination START DATE: 06/88 of Multiresidues from Water Samples SHORT TITLE: Automated HPLC System for Multiresidues PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: I. Brindle/D. Chiba Department of Chemistry Brock University LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): D. Hall Laboratory Services Branch 235-5910 OBJECTIVE(S) : To develop an automated High Pressure Liquid Chromatographic (HPLC) System method to replace the use of liquid/liquid extract and improved the automatio of solid phase extraction techniques for the analysis of organophosphate compounds in water. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The project is intended to develop a HPLC to directly concentrate and separate various groups of organic parameters for analysis of surface waters. Such a system would eliminate the need for laborious extraction and concentration steps. The major groups which would be investigated include organochlorine pesticides and triazine herbicides. The work will be done by an MSc student who will work closely with Laboratory Services Branch staff. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 2 3 * TOTAL RESOURCES : Cost: (OOO's): 67,9 32.6 53.9 154.0 Work Years: 3 Budget Source: Laboratory Services Branch KEYWORDS : HPLC, multiresidues OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS: This project is part of the Laboratory/University Joint Research Venture Program. Completion date is June 7, 1991. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 131 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL X GRANT UNSOLICITED PROJECT TITLE: Accuracy & Reproducibility of PROJECT NO: DWO-I-8902 Compound Identification by GC-MS START DATE: 07/90 (Round-Robin Study) SHORT TITLE: GC-MS Characterization Round-Robin PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: C. Tashiro Drinking Water Organics Section Laboratory Services Branch LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.)^ C. Tashiro Laboratory Services Branch 235-5897 OBJECTIVE (S) : To investigate the accuracy and reproducibility of organic compound identification in complex environmental samples. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Two or three sample types will be selected and extracted. Extracts will be spiked with a few compounds to ensure principles compounds classes are present. Aliquots of extracts will be submitted to select laboratories for characterization analysis. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES : Cost: (000 's): 25.0 25.0 Work Years: 0.2 Budget Source: Laboratory Services Branch KEYWORDS: round-robin, GC-MS, organic characterization OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): private analytical laboratories, academic laboratories COMMENTS: Completion date is December 31, 1990. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 132 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY; 1990 EXTERNAL INTERNAL X CONTRACT GRANT SOLICITED UNSOLICITED PROJECT TITLE: Investigation of Formation of Dioxins/Furans in Prescribed Burns PROJECT NO: DWO-I-8904 START DATE: 07/88 SHORT TITLE: Dioxins in Forest Fires PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: C. Tashiro Drinking Water Organics Section LeOsoratory Services Branch LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.)' C. Tashiro Laboratory Services Branch 235-5897 OBJECT I VE ( S ) : To determine whether forest fires are a natural source to the environment of dioxins/furans. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: During prescribed burns carried out in Northern Ontario, Laboratory Services Branch staff will sample before/after air/soil. Air Resources Branch staff will perform soil sampling. BUDGET AND RESOURCES : Year: (* current) 2 * TOTAL 30.0 Cost: (OOO's): Work Years: 0.6 Budget Source: Laboratory Services Branch 30.0 60.0 KEYWORDS: dioxins, furans, prescribed burns, background levels OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): Paper: "Dioxins and Furans in Prescribed Burns. Preliminary Report. " Chemosphere - in press. Presentation: "Dioxins and Furans in Prescribed Burns at Dioxin '89 Conference, September 1989 - Toronto. EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): Ministry of Natural Resources, Forestry Canada, US Forest Service, NASA. COMMENTS: Forest fires are potentially a large source of dioxins/furans to the environment. This work is needed to assess this potential source. Completion date is December 1, 1990. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 133 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL INTERNAL X CONTRACT GRANT SOLICITED UNSOLICITED PROJECT TITLE: Dioxins and Furans in Ambient Air - Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment - Method Development PROJECT NO: DWO-I-9001 START DATE: 01/89 SHORT TITLE: CCME - Dioxins in Ambient Air Method Development PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: C. Tashiro Drinking Water Organics Section Laboratory Services Branch LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.) C. Tashiro Laboratory Services Branch 235-5897 OBJECTIVE ( S ) : To investigate the accuracy and reproducibility of dioxin/furan identification in ambient air samples. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Two to three samples will be provided to government and contract labs for dioxin/furan analysis. Two round robins will be carried out to determine improvements in private lab capabilities. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) RESOURCES : 2 * TOTAL Cost: (000 "s): 20.0 Work Years: 0.4 Budget Source: Laboratory Services Branch 20.0 40.0 KEYWORDS: dioxin, furan ambient air, round robin OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): One paper printed in Cheitiosphere; presentation and Dioxin '89 and final method report expected. EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): Environment Canada COMMENTS: Development of a national method for dioxins/ furans in ambient air. Completion date is December 31, 1990. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 134 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL X GRANT UNSOLICITED PROJECT TITLE: Liquid Chromatography/Mass PROJECT NO: DWO-I-9002 Spectrometry (LC-MS) START DATE: 07/90 SHORT TITLE: On-Line Liquid Chromatography/Maes Spectrometry (LC/MS) PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: V. Taguchi Drinking Water Organics Section Laboratory Services Branch LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.)! V. Taguchi Laboratory Services Branch 235-5902 OBJECTIVE(S) : To provide on-line LC/MS analysis of extractable organics that are not detected by GC/MS. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: To acquire one LC/MS interface in each of the three years. To develop, using EI, CI, and FAB ionization techniques, on-line LC/MS analyses of selected extractable organics. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES : Cost: (OOO's): 80.0 80.0 80.0 240.0 Work Years: 3 Budget Source: Laboratory Services Branch KEYWORDS: liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS: Completion date is March 1, 1993. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 135 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTEFINAL INTERNAL X CONTRACT GRANT SOLICITED UNSOLICITED PROJECT TITLE: Hi-Vol Sampler and Field Validation for Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Structures PROJECT NO: TO-I-8802 START DATE: 09/88 SHORT TITLE: PAH Field Validation PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: J. Newdick/B. Foster Trace Organics Section Laboratory Services Branch LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.) J. Newdick/B. Foster Laboratory Services Branch 235-5758 OB JECTIVE ( S ) : To evaluate sampling behaviour parameters such as loading, breakthrough, chemical behaviour and recovery of PAHs on XAD-2 sorbant with respect to sample volume. To evaluate relationships between meteorological events and the chemical behaviour of PAHs. Factors such as ambient seasonal temperature and their oxidative transformation by N0x/03 into heterocyclic species will be investigated. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Three co-located Hi-Vol samplers will be evaluated for time trials from 24 - 72 hours operation periods with ambient air and deuterated surrogate standards. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) RESOURCES : 2 * Cost: (000 "s): 4.0 Work Years: 0.5 Budget Source: Laboratory Services Branch 8.0 8.0 20.0 KEYWORDS: PAH breakthrough, chemical behaviour, XAD-2, climate OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): Paper presentation in September at Batelle, Ohio. EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS: Completion date is March 31, 1991. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 136 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL X GRANT UNSOLICITED PROJECT TITLE: Development of Method for the PROJECT NO: TO-I 8903 Analysis of Base/Neutral and Phenolic Compounds START DATE: 05/89 in (MISA Test Groups 19, 20) Municipal Sewage Sludge SHORT TITLE: Method - Sludge Analysis (Base/Neutral and Phenolics) PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: A. Alfieri/M. MeConnen Trace Organics Section Laboratory Services Branch LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): A. Alfieri/M. MeConnen Laboratory Services Branch 235-6001 OBJECTIVE (S) : To develop method for the analysis of base/neutral and phenolic compounds in municipal sludge. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The project involves the following: 1) Evaluate various techniques, e.g. NP, RP, GPC for the clean-up of sludge extracts. Select an appropriate technique and establish elution pattern for compounds which are under investigation; 2) Establish extraction procedure for municipal sludges with varying solid contents; 3) Apply the existing in-situ acetylation procedure if required to various sludge extract; 4) Establish recovery, MDLs and QC data as required by the Laboratory Services Branch/MOE; and 5) Write a method report. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES : Cost: (OOO'B): 95.0 95.0 Work Years: 1 Budget Source: Laboratory Services Branch KEYWORDS: base, neutral and phenolic organics, analysis, municipal sludge OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS: The method is required for MISA-STP analysis. Completion date is May 31, 1990. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 137 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL X GRANT UNSOLICITED PROJECT TITLE: Routine Method for the Analysis PROJECT NO: TO-I-8904 of Resin and Fatty Acids in Sediments START DATE: 09/90 SHORT TITLE: Resin and Fatty Acids in Sediments PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: R. Lega Trace Organics Section Laboratory Services Branch LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): R. Lega Laboratory Services Branch 235-5756 OBJECTIVE (S) : To establish method for the routine analysis of resin and fatty acids in sediments, targeting parameters required for MISA Pulp and Paper analysis. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The project may involve the following; 1) Establish an appropriate extraction procedure; 2) Derivatize the extract in order to improve chromatography and sensitivity of the method; 3) Establish clean-up of the extract; 4) Determine instrumental parameters for the analysis; 5) Establish recovery, MDLs and QC data as required by the Laboratory Services Branch/MOE; and 6) Write a method report. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (OOO's): 25.0 25.0 Work Years: 0.5 Budget Source: Laboratory Services Branch KEYWORDS: resin fatty acids, sediments, pulp and paper OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : Completion date is March 1, 1991. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 138 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL X GRANT UNSOLICITED PROJECT TITLE: Broad Range Screening Method for PROJECT NO: TO-I-8905 the Analysis of Phenols and Related Compounds in START DATE: 10/90 Sediments SHORT TITLE: Analysis of Phenols and Related Compounds in Sediments PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: R. Lega Trace Organics Section Laboratory Services Branch LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): R. Lega Laboratory Services Branch 235-5756 OBJECTIVE(S) : To develop an analytical method for the analysis of a broad range of phenols, catechols and guaicols in a sediment matrix. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The project may involve the following: 1) Establish an appropriate extraction procedure; 2) Derivatize the extract in order to improve chromatography and sensitivity of the method; 3) Establish clean-up of the extract; 4) Determine instrumental parameters for this analysis; 5) Establish recovery, HDLs, and QC data as required by the Laboratory Services Branch/MOE; 6) Write a method report. BUDGET AND Year: {* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAI RESOURCES : Cost: (OOO's): 25.0 25.0 Work Years: 0.5 Budget Source: Laboratory Services Branch KEYWORDS: phenols, guaicols, catechols, sediments OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 139 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL X GRANT UNSOLICITED PROJECT TITLE: Method Development for VOST PROJECT NO: TO-I-8906 and VOC Cartridges START DATE: 01/89 SHORT TITLE: Analysis of VOST Cartridges PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: L. Au Trace Organics Section Laboratory Services Branch LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.)s L- Au Laboratory Services Branch 235-6000 OBJECTIVE (S) : To develop an analytical method for VOST samples, and establish GC/MSD method for the analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOC) . PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Develop GC-MSD/thermal desorption method to analyze VOST type cartridge and ambient air samples. The target compounds are hydrocarbons and chlorinated hydrocarbons (boiling point between 50 & -150 degrees Celsius). BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 2 * 3 TOTAL RESOURCES : Cost: (OOO's): 40.0 22.0 22.0 84.0 Work Years: 2.0 Budget Source: Laboratory Services Branch KEYWORDS : VOST, VOC, cartridges, chlorinated, hydrocarbons OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : Completion date is January 1, 1991. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 140 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY ItfVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL X GRANT UNSOLICITED PROJECT TITLE: DevelOE«nent of Method for the PROJECT NO: TO-I-8907 Analysis of Chlorophenols, PCB, PAH, & CB START DATE: 11/87 in Stack Samples SHORT TITLE: Stack Analysis PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: R. Luniewski Trace Organics Section Laboratory Services Branch LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.)' R» Luniewski Ledjoratory Services Branch 235-6000 OB JECTIVE ( S ) : To develop an extraction procedure suitable for the organics CB/PCB/PAH/CP. Establish appropriate derivatization of the extract in order to increase sensitivity of the method. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The project involves the following: 1) Establish an extraction procedure; evaluate soxhlet extraction followed by methylation procedure vs in-situ acetylation/extraction of organics from XAD-2-Re8in; 2) Establish appropriate clean-up of the extract; 3) Determine instrumental parameters for the analysis; 4) Establish recovery, MDLs and QC data as required by the Laboratory Services Branch/MOE; and 5) Write a method report. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 2 3 * TOTAL RESOURCES : Cost: (OOO's): 5.0 40.0 33.0 78.0 Work Years: 1.9 Budget Source: Laboratory Services Branch KEYWORDS : stack OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : Completion date is March 31, 1990. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 141 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL INTERNAL X CONTRACT GRANT SOLICITED UNSOLICITED PROJECT TITLE: Oxidation of Sulphur Compounds and Detection as Sulphate by Ion Chromatography PROJECT NO: WQ-I-9002 START DATE: 11/88 SHORT TITLE: Oxidizable Sulphur PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: F. Lo Water Quality Section Laboratory Services Branch LIAISON OFFICER (Heime, location, telephone no.) F. Lo Laboratory Services Branch 235-5875 OBJECTIVE(S) : To develop a method for determination of sulphur by using ion chromatography . PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Oxidize sulphur to sulphate by using hydrogen peroxide and ultar-violet light in a continuous flow system. Determine sulphate concentration by automated ion chromatography. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) RESOURCES : Cost: (000 's): 4.0 Work Years: 0.2 Budget Source: Laboratory Services Branch 16.0 20.0 KEYWORDS: total sulphur, organosulphur, oxidizable sulphur OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports) EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS: The sulphate concentrations were compared with the total sulphur results of ICP-AES. Completion date is February 28, 1990. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 142 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL INTERNAL X CONTRACT GRANT SOLICITED UNSOLICITED PROJECT TITLE: Development of an Image Analyzer for the Enumeration of Bacterial Colonies on Membrane Filters PROJECT NO: WQ-I-9003 START DATE: 01/90 SHORT TITLE: Image Analyzer Study PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: M. Young/G. Horsnell Water Quality Section Laboratory Services Branch LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): M. Young/G. Horsnell Laboratory Services Branch 235-5866 OBJECTIVE (S) : To develop an automated system for enumeration of bacterial colonies on membrane filters with Direct Computer (LIS) Input. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Initially work will concentrate on the Fecal Coliform parameter. Counts will be made of routine FC plates both by technicians and using the Image Analyzer. Results will be used to refine colour ranges which are accepteible and the necessary physical measurements required to accurately identify both single and multiple target colonies. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) RESOURCES : 2 * TOTAL Cost: (000 's): 60.0 Work Years: 0.7 Budget Source: Laboratory Services Branch 23.0 83.0 KEYWORDS: image analysis, enumeration, bacterial colonies, automation, DCI OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): Nikon Canada and Videtics International COMMENTS: This project would increase quality and efficiency of counting procedures and would be the first step in untomating the Bacti laboratory. Completion date is March, 31, 1991. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc.) - 143 - WASTE MANAGEMENT BRANCH TABLE OF CONTENTS Project No. Title Page IR-04-02 Use of Whey Wastes in Manufacture of 144 High Grade Protein and Lactose PO#A94386 Development of a Laboratory Qualification 145 Standard (Code) for Laboratories Analyzing Industrial Wastes PO#A05580 Wood Waste Inventory of Secondary 146 Industries in Ontario - 144 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X Contract Solicited INTERNAL Grant X Unsolicited X PROJECT TITLE: Use of Whey Wastes In Manufacture PROJECT NO: IR-OA-20 of High Grade Protein and Lactose START DATE: 07/88 SHORT TITLE: Whey Wastes PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Protose Separations Inc. Alan Jones LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): John Smart Waste Management Branch 323-5179 OBJECTIVE(S) : To investigate the manufacture of high grade protein and lactose from whey wastes at pilot scale. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Production of protein and lactose from whey wastes usin^ continuous moving bed ion exchange technology. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 2 3- TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (SOOO's): 488.0 Work Years: 2 Budget Source: WMB - Industrial 4Rs Program. KEYWORDS: Whey waste; protein; lactose; ion exchange. OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): Report. EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): None. COMMENTS: In progress. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc.) . - 145 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X Contract X Solicited X INTERNAL Grant Unsolicited PROJECT TITLE: Development of a Laboratory PROJECT NO: PO#A9A3( Qualification Standard (Code) for Laboratories START DATE: 08/86 Analyzing Industrial Wastes SHORT TITLE: Laboratory Qualification Code PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Canadian Standards Assc. Mr. Jim Dixon 178 Rexdale Boulevard Rexdale, Ontario M9W 1R3 LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): Steven Radcliffe, Waste Management Branch 323-5188 OBJECTIVE(S) : To develop a qualification standard for laboratories analyzing industrial wastes required by Ontario Regulation 309. The standard is to be developed by a consensus approach and must be capable of being used with any subsequent certification programs that the Ministry may wish to proceed with at a future date. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The qualification standard should be developed by a consultative process involving regulatory agencies, industry, testing agencies and other interested parties. It will need to address items such as minimum staff requirements, administrative and technical requirements of laboratories performing tests on industrial wastes. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 4 5 6 * TOTAL RESOURCES : Cost: (SOOO's): 10.0 55.0 Work Years: 6 Budget Source: Waste Management Branch KEYWORDS: Laboratory, Qualification Code, Industrial Wastes. OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): CSA Standard Z201 to be released. EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): Technical committee which is developing the code by consensus, includes representatives from regulatory authorities, industry, academia, testing agencies and other interested parties. COMMENTS: In progress. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc.) . - 146 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X Contract X Solicited X INTERNAL Grant Unsolicited PROJECT TITLE: Wood Waste Inventory of Secondary PROJECT NO: PO#A05580 Industries in Ontario START DATE: 08/88 SHORT TITLE: Wood Waste Inventory PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: MacLaren Engineering D. Hickman LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): R. Warner Waste Management Branch 323-5196 OBJECTIVE(S) : To develop an inventory of wood residues in Southern Ontario and to identify opportunities to utilize wood waste. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: An inventory of Southern Ontario wood residues will be developed and proposals for utilization of wood wastes will be made. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1* 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (SOOO's): 51.0 51.0 Work Years: O.A O.A Budget Source: Ministry of the Environment - 75%, Ministry of Energy - 25% KEYWORDS: Wood Waste Inventory OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): "Wood Waste Inventory of Secondary Industries in Ontario", final report. Data Base Inventory. EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): Ministry of Energy, municipalities, industry COMMENTS: Final report under completion. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc.) . - 147 - WATER RESOURCES BRANCH TABLE OF CONTENTS Project No. Title Page WRB87-02 Stripping of Volatile Organic Contaminants Pilot Scale Study WRB87-05 Model Development-Food Chain & Fate and Transport WRB87-08 Stripping of Volatile Organics During Sewage Treatment - At Full Scale STP's WRB Control of Blue-green Algae Problems in Southern Ontario Lakes and Reservoirs WRB87-09 Literature Review - Acute Toxicity in Municipal Sewage Effluent WRB Inferred pH/alkalinity History of Acid Sensitive Lakes Using Algal Remains ("fossils") Preserved in Lake Sediments 148 149 151 153 154 155 - 148 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X Contract X Solicited INTERNAL Grant Unsolicited X PROJECT TITLE: Stripping of Volatile Organic PROJECT NO: WRB87-02 Contaminants - Pilot Scale Study START DATE: 09/89 SHORT TITLE: Air Stripping Model PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. Henryk Melcer Environment Canada Wastewater Technology Center LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): H. Monteith, Water Resources Branch 323-4901 OBJECTIVE (S) : (1) To determine the operational factors affecting the stripping of volatile organics during sewage treatment. 2) Optimize treatment process to minimize the stripping of volatile organics. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The effect of process design and operation on the stripping of volatile organics will be evaluated at a pilot scale plant. A mathematical model to describe the stripping phenomena will be developed/verified. Parallel studies will then be carried out at pilot and full-scale plants to address 'scale up' effects. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 2* 3 TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (SOOO's): 165.0 165.0 Work Years: Budget Source: WRB KEYWORDS: volatile organic contaminants, air stripping, sewage treatment OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS: Final report received; will be submitted for publication as MISA report this summer. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc.) . - 149 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X Contract X Solicited INTERNAL X Grant Unsolicited X PROJECT TITLE: Model Development-Food Chain Sl PROJECT NO: WRB87-05 Fate and Transport START DATE: 07/86 SHORT TITLE: Food Chain Transfer PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. J. A. McCorquodale University of Windsor LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): Peter Nettleton Water Resources Branch 323-496A OBJECTIVE(S) : To enhance the existing food chain sub-model for incorporation into the "WASTOX" Contaminant Fate Model. To enhance the existing "WASP IV" Fate Sl Transport Model. To derive procedures for applying these models to obtain "water-quality-based effluent loading limits". PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Studies conducted on two MISA Pilot Sites (St. Mary's and St. Clair Rivers) have collected extensive ecosystem data. Development of the food chain sub-model will provide a more realistic and accurate representation of the ecosystem, as compared with previous methods. This will enable specific data needs to be identified as well as strengthen the fate and transport models used. The models will then be used in deriving "water-quality-based effluent loading limits" for key toxic chemicals. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 4 5* 6 TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (SOOO's): 7.0 52.0 Work Years: 5 Budget Source: WRB KEYWORDS: Food chain model, fate and transport model, water-quality based loading limits OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): Output from these two MISA Pilot Site contracts, include contract reports entitled: 1 . "St. Clair River Fate & Transport Modelling Calibration and Testing of the WASTOX Model using Sequential Data", Draft Final Report (see note below). May 11, 1988. 2. "St. Clair River Load Allocation", Draft Final Report (see note below), 1989. - 150 - OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): Cont'd. NOTE: These two draft report were finalized, along with additional results, and work from other Branch personnel , within the "St. Clair River MISA Pilot Site Report" , which is currently being reviewed within the Water Resources Branch. 3 . "Procedures for Developing Biota Based Effluent Limitations for Chemical Discharges to the St. Clair River", Draft Final Report, November 12, 1989. (Currently undergoing review modifications) . A. "Development of Contaminant Fate & Transport Models for the St. Marys River - Phase I MISA Pilot Site Study", Final Report, April 3, 1989. (The "Phase II" work and report will be completed later this fiscal year. ) The writing of 1 or 2 scientific papers (joint between MOE and contractor) will likely be completed in the next year. EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies) COMMENTS: Contract budget is supplemented by $50. OK of work performed by Water Resources Branch. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC , OPAC, Branch, etc.) . - 151 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL INTERNAL Contract X Grant Solicited Unsolicited X PROJECT TITLE: Stripping of Volatile Organics During Sewage Treatment - at Full Scale STP's PROJECT NO: START DATE: WRB87-08 01/87 SHORT TITLE: Air Stripping PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. Henryk Melcer Environment Canada Wastewater Technology Center LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): Hugh Monteith Water Resources Branch 323-4901 OBJECTIVE(S) : To investigate the significance of air stripping as a means of removing volatile organics during sewage treatment. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Composite samples of liquid sewage and off -gas were collected at the aerated grit chamber and aeration tanks (for biologicaly treatment). Samples were analysed for the presence of volatile organics. This study was carried out at four full-scale STP's in conjunction with AO STPs study. BUDGET AND RESOURCES: Year: (* current) 3* TOTAL Cost: (SOOO's): Work Years: Budget Sources: Water Resources Branch 210.0 KEYWORDS: air stripping, volatile organics, sewage treatment OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): Nutrient management plans for the two lakes 1) Collection of Volatile Organics Emitted from Activated sludge Systems by W.K. Bedford, J. Bell and H. Melcer, Paper presented at 23rd Canadian Symp. on Water Pollution Research, Canada Centre for Inland Waters, Burlington, Ontario Feb. 18, 1988. 2) Emissions of Volatile Organics from Aerated Channels and Tanks by J. Bell and H. Melcer, paper presented at 1988 Joint Annual Conference of Pollution Control Association of Ontario and Air Pollution Control Assocaition (Ontario Section), Kingston, Ontario April 17-19, 1988. - 152 - OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): Cont'd. NOTE : These two draft report were finalized, along with additional results, and work from other Branch personnel, within the "St. Clair River MISA Pilot Site Report" , which is currently being reviewed within the Water Resources Branch. 3. "Procedures for Developing Biota Based Effluent Limitations for Chemical Discharges to the St. Clair River", Draft Final Report, November 12, 1989. (Currently undergoing review modifications) . k. "Development of Contaminant Fate & Transport Models for the St. Marys River - Phase I MISA Pilot Site Study", Final Report, April 3, 1989. (The "Phase II" work and report will be completed later this fiscal year. ) The writing of 1 or 2 scientific papers (joint between MOE and contractor) will likely be completed in the next year. EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS: Contract budget is supplemented by $50. OK of work performed by Water Resources Branch. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc.). - 153 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL Contract Solicited INTERNAL X Grant Unsolicited PROJECT TITLE: Control of Blue-green Algae Problems PROJECT NO: WRB in Southern Ontario Lakes and Reservoirs START DATE: 1987 SHORT TITLE: Blue-green algae control PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: K. Nicholls/H. Vandermeulen Aquatic Biology Section Water Resources Branch LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): K. Nicholls Water Resources Branch 235-5810 OBJECTIVE(S) : To evaluate methods of eliminating blue-green algal blooms using biomanipulation, physical and chemical treatment of whole lakes and reservoirs. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: A variety of lake management techniques are being evaluated for their ability to control blue-green algae growth in several lakes and reservoirs in southern Ontario. These include nitrate, fertilization , calcium carbonate treatment, aeration/destratification and hypolimnetic aeration. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 2 3* TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (SOOO's): 130.0 130.0 130.0 390.0 Work Years: 5.5 Budget Source: Water Resources Branch, Inland Lakes Programme KEYWORDS: Blue-green algae, lake treatment OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): Reports, seminars, conferences, journal papers. EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies) Ministry of Natural Resources Conservation Authorities COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC , OPAC, Branch, etc.) . - 154 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X Contract X Solicited INTERNAL Grant Unsolicited PROJECT TITLE: Literature Review - Acute Toxicity PROJECT NO: WRB87-09 in Municipal Sewage Effluent START DATE: SHORT TITLE: Toxicity Review PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: G. Craig Beak Consultants Ltd LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): H. Monteith, Water Resources Branch 323-4901 OBJECTIVE(S) : (1) To estimate the magnitude of acute toxicity problems in municipal STP effluent. 2) To determine the most prevalent chemical parameters causing acute toxicity to aquatic organisms. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Acute toxicity test data developed in the past in Ontario STP's were assembled to determine objectives 1 and 2. U.S. EPA data are also being reviewed for toxicity caused by metals. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 2 3* TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (SOOO's): ' 40.0 Work Years: Budget Source: WRB KEYWORDS: municipal sewage effluent, toxicity OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): MISA report "Review of Aquatic Toxicity and Environmental Impact of Ontario Sewage Treatment Plant Effluents", January 1990. EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS: Final report available to public. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc.) . - 155 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL Contract Solicited INTERNAL X Grant Unsolicited PROJECT TITLE: Inferred pH/alkalinity History of Acid PROJECT NO: WRB Sensitive Lakes Using Algal Remains START DATE: ("fossils") Preserved in Lake Sediments SHORT TITLE: Paleolimnology of lake acidification PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: K. Nicholls Aquatic Biology Section Water Resources Branch 235-5810 LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): K. Nicholls Water Resources Branch 235-5810 OBJECTIVE(S) : To determine the rate of change of alkalinity/pH in selected lakes over the past 100 years. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Calibration equations using three groups of organisms (diatoms, silica-scaled chrysophytes and chrysophyte cysts) have been developed for 50 Ontario lakes. These are now being applied to the down-core history of 8 lakes to determine the acidification rate. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 2 3* TOTAL RESOURCES : Cost: (SOOO's): 30.0 30.0 30.0 90.0 Work Years: 3 Budget Source: APIOS KEYWORDS: Acidification, paleolimnology, sediments, algae OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): Reports, seminars, conferences, journal papers. EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies] Queen's University, private sector consultants COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC , OPAC, Branch, etc.) . - 156 - REGIONAL PROJECTS TABLE OF CONTENTS Project No. Title Page SEREG Trace Metals and Phosphorus Speciation 157 Studies of the Sediments of the Bay of Quinte, Lake Ontario PO#A01850 Feasibility of Re-establishing Aquatic 158 Macrophytes in the Bay of Quinte PO#A04512 A Survey of a Macrophytes in the Bay of 159 Quinte A14292 Aquatic Habitat Geographical Information 160 System and its Application to Classification of Aquatic Vegetation and Piscivave Habitat in the Bay of Quinte - Phase I MOE 199 Controlling Phosphorus Inputs at Source 161 Economic and Environmental Assessment of Removing Phosphorus Before the STPs in the Bay of Quinte SER Fate and Transport of Toxic Contaminants 162 in the Bay of Quinte - Phase II - 157 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X Contract N/A Solicited INTERNAL Grant Unsolicited X PROJECT TITLE: Trace Metals and Phosphorus PROJECT NO: SEREG Speciation Studies of the Sediments of the Bay of START DATE: 10/87 Quinte, Lake Ontario SHORT TITLE: Trace Metals in Bay of Quinte Sediments PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. Gary VanLoon Chemistry Department Queen's University LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): Murray German, Chief Southeast Region (613) 549-4000 OBJECTIVE(S): 1) To provide information on the distribution of arsenic, copper, cobalt, nickel, lead, zinc and phosphorus among the components of the Bay sediment. 2) Additional information to determine the process of phosphorus release from the sediments . 3) Understanding of each element's affect on biological productivity of the Bay. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Sediment core samples were to be collected from sites which reflect: 1) different tjrpes of sedimentary deposits (clay, organic oversand, organic) and, 2) different man-use on-shore impacting on local water quality. Other parameters sampled include: 1. pH, Eh and DO of the interphase water and pore water, 2. sediment description, 3. sediment particle size, 4. organic matter content of the sediments, 5. inorganic C and CaCo, contents of the sediments, and 6. sediment abundance of the fractions and predict metal mobility across the sediment solution interface under defined environmental conditions. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 2 3* TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (SOOO's): ** Work Years : 3 Budget Source: Technical Support Unit, Surface Water Section Southeast Region, Kingston KEYWORDS: trace metals, phosphorus, Bay of Quinte, sediments OUTPUT (papers, presentations, reports): Report "Trace Metals and Phosphorus Speciation Studies of the Sediments of the Bay of Quinte, Lake Ontario" printed. EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): Project Quinte - Bay of Quinte Remedial Action Plan - Queen's University, King. COMMENTS: **MOE - Technical Support, Southeast Region funding of this project is provided in the form of manpower, equipment and supplies. No direct funds have been provided. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g., RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc.) . - 158 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT X SOLICITED X INTERNAL GRANT UNSOLICITED PROJECT TITLE: Feasibility of Re-establishing PROJECT NO: PO#A01850 Aquatic Macrophytes in the Bay of Quinte START DATE: 12/87 SHORT TITLE: Macrophyte Re-establishment PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: A.D. Revill Associates Ltd. P.O. Box 905, Bellevile LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): G. Owen Southeastern Region (613) 549-4000 OBJECTIVE ( S ) : Determine the factors influencing the loss, re-establishment and growth of aquatic vegetation in the Bay. Trial establishment of several different species of awuatic plants to measure plant survival under changing conditions. Determine whether large scale planting of aquatic vegetation in the Bay is feasible. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The project was intended to examine the macrophyte beds in various locations around the Bay, determine which factors were influencing or restricting plant growth, and undertake an experimental transplanting of plants from areas rich in plant biomass/diversity to areas devoid or limited in plant life. The results would indicate the feasibility of large-scale transplanting and identify locations for possible future transplant work. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 2 3 * TOTAL RESOURCES : Cost: (000 's): 15.1 Work Years: 3 Budget Source: Bay of Quinte Remedial Action Plan KEYWORDS: macrophyte, growth. Bay of Quinte, aquatic plant, re-establishment OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports) : "Feasibility of Re-establishing Aquatic Macrophytes in the Bay of Quinte", report printed. EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): Dr. Adele Crowder COMMENTS: Phosphorus release from the Bay of Quinte is recognized as an increasingly important component of the eutrophication problem in the Bay. This work was undertaken as one option in controlling sediment disturbances and thus resuspension. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 159 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT X SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: A Survey of the Macrophytes PROJECT NO: PO#A04512 in the Bay of Quinte START DATE: 05/88 SHORT TITLE: Macrophyte mapping of the Bay of Quinte littoral zone PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: A. Crowder Biology Department Queen's University LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no. ) s F. Stride Southeastern Region (613) 549-4000 OBJECTIVE(S) : Survey (map and speciation) of emergent and submergent aquatic plants in the Bay of Quinte littoral zone. Compare survey findings to other measurable parameters of water q[ualiity in an effort to estimate recent water quality and ecosystem changes. Compare findings to historical biomass and species data to record recent changes in macrophyte beds in the littoral zone. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Project Quinte has a number of transcets for its routine water quality monitoring program. Emergent and subemergent aquatic plants in the littoral zone will be sampled along the historical transcets lines three times. Estimations of plant biomass will be contracted. As well, the different species of plants will be identified. These results will be compared, to historical data, and recent changes in water quality, as measured by the extent and types of macrophyte beds, will be determined. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 2~* 3 TOTAL RESOURCES : Cost: (000 's): 7.0 Work Years: 2 Budget Source: Bay of Quinte Remedial Action Plan (RAP) KEYWORDS: macrophyte, littoral zone, biomass, speciation, mapping. Bay of Quinte OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): "A Survey of the Macrophytes in the Bay of Quinte", reported printed. EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): Royal Military College - Kingston (divers-samplers) COMMENTS: Loss of wetlands (both emergent and subemergent) continues to be a problem in the Bay of Quinte. Historically, diverse macrophyte communities were lost, via competition, to milfoil and later, algae. Re-establishment of macrophytes may indicate an improved or healthy ecosystem. This work will measure the recent changes as an indicator of overall water quality. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 160 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT X SOLICITED X INTERNAL GRANT UNSOLICITED PROJECT TITLE: Aquatic Habitat Geographical Information PROJECT NO: A14292 System and its Application to Classification of START DATE: 11/89 Aquatic Vegetation and Piscivave Habitat in the Bay of Quinte - Phase I SHORT TITLE: GIS - Bay of Quinte Aquatic Habitat (Phase I) PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: K. Loftus LGL Limited LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.)' F- Stride Southeastern Region (613) 549-4000 OBJECTIVE(S) : To produce GIS maps of the Bay of Quinte relevant to aquatic vegetation, pike habitat and shoreline uses. To produce a GIS model of factors (including man induced stresses and remedial actions) affecting aquatic vegetation and to relate that information to preferred pike habitat. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Develop is quickly altering the Bay of Quinte shoreline. At the same time, pollution has affected adversely water quality conditions. Remedial actions to control both these concerns will have an impact on aquatic vegetation and, in the long term, the structure of the fish community. A GIS will be used to illustrate - via maps - the estimated changes. The GIS employes natural factors (e.g. wind, substrate, fetch, etc.) and man-induced factors (e.g. shoreline alterations, point source discharges, etc.). BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 2 * 3 TOTAL RESOURCES: . Cost: (OOO's): 20.0 34.0 54.0 Work Years: 1.25 Budget Source: Bay of Quinte Remedial Action Plan KEYWORDS: GIS, aquatic vegetation, pike habitat. Bay of Quinte OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): GIS report model, GIS maps, Workshop/Presentation to Quinte municipal planners and developers. EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): MNR, DFO COMMENTS: In progress, to be completed in October 1990. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 161 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL X GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Controlling Phosphorus Inputs at PROJECT NO: MOE 199 Source Economic and Environmental Assessment of START DATE: 04/90 Removing Phosphorus Before the STPs in the Bay of Quinte SHORT TITLE: Controllig P at Source PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: C. Tomlin F. Stride Southeastern Region LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.)! F- Stride Southeastern Region (613) 549-4000 OBJECTIVE (S ) : To determine whether removing P at source (e.g. detergents, automatic dishwasher detergent, food wastes, etc.) would have an impact on the operation of Bay of Quinte STPs; and to measure any environmental of economic changes . PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Phosphorus concentrations from Quinte STP effluent is held to 0.5 mg/1 in the May to October period. Further reductions (to 0.3 mg/1 or less) are needed to improve Quinte water quality. Upgrading the 7 Quinte STPs to tertiary treatment has been estimated to cost about $ 10 million (not including sewer improvements or operating costs). Reductions in P could be achieved at source — in detergents, toilets, food wastes, etc. The economic and environmental costs are being evaluated. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTA RESOURCES : Cost: (000' s): 4.5 4.5 Work Years: 0.25 Budget Source: Environmental Youth Corp KEYWORDS: phosphorus. Bay of Quinte, reductions at source OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS: In progress, to be completed November 1990. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 162 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT X SOLICITED X INTERNAL GRANT UNSOLICITED PROJECT TITLE: Fate and Transport of Toxic Contaminants PROJECT NO: SER in the Bay of Quinte - Phase II START DATE: 09/90 SHORT TITLE: Contaminant Fate - Quinte PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: To be awarded LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.)' D. Poulton Water Resources Branch (416) 323-4954 F. Stride Southeastern Region (613) 549-4000 OBJECTIVE(S) : To model the fate of 10 additional contaminants in the Bay of Quinte employing the fugacity model developed in Phase I of this study. (NOTE: Seasonality is not employed.) PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Contaminants exceed Provincial guidelines for water, sediment (open water disposal of dredgate) and fish consumption. The contaminants of concern are Hg, Zn, Cu, PCB, Mivex, As, PCP and dioxins. As well, some agricultural pesticides are present in Quinte sediments. In 1989, the Quinte RAP team had a contractor develop a fate-transport model for Arsenic, Pentachlorophenol and PCB. In the case of As and PCP, the model was calibrated sucessfully with observed data. In 1990, the Quinte RAP team will expand the number of contaminants modelled. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 12 3 TOTAL RESOURCES : Cost: (000 "s): 30.0 30.0 60.0 Work Years: 1.5 Budget Source: Bay of Quinte Remedial Action Plan KEYWORDS: toxic contaminants, model. Bay of Quinte, fugacity, fate and transport OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): "Modelled Fate of Contaminants" report, due December 1990. EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS: The contaminants to be modelled will be those (1) found in the bay, or (2) where sufficient data exists. NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 163 - ONTARIO PESTICIDES ADVISORY COMMITTEE PROJECTS TABLE OF CONTENTS Project No. Title Page OPAC 90-01 Development of Disparvirus (gypsy moth 165 nuclear polyhedrosis virus) as a Microbial Insecticide for Use in Canada OPAC 90-02 Sustainable Alternatives to Fumigation 166 for the Control of Root Lesion Nematodes OPAC 90-03 Ecotoxicological Impact of Agricultural 167 Runoff in Streams: The Effects of Atrazine, Metolachlor and Nutrient Interactions on Primary Productivity of Attached Algae OPAC 90-04 Reducing the Rate of Glyphosate to Control 168 Broad-Leaved Trees in Conifer Populations OPAC 90-05 Effectiveness of the Granulosis Virus 169 in Management of the Codling Moth in Apple Orchards and its Environmental Impact OPAC 90-06 Integration of Biological Control of 170 Cucumber Powdery Mildew Into the Greenhouse Pest Management Program OPAC 90-07 Impact of Algal Fibrils on 171 Bioavailability of Pesticides to Non-target Aquatic Organisms OPAC 90-08 Evaluation of Alternate Methods of Pest 172 Control for Home Garden OPAC 90-09 Hyperparasitism and Strategies for the 173 Biological Control of Gypsy Moth in Ontario OPAC 90-10 Organic and Modified Programs for the 174 Control of Apple Scab. OPAC 90-11 New Technology for Insecticide Placement 175 To Control Soil Insects in Row Crops at Cultivation Time - 164 - Project No, Title Page OPAC 90-12 Management of the Stawberry Root Weevil 17 6 in Ornamental Tree Nursery Production using Entomophagous Nematodes OPAC 90-13 Integrated Weed Management Systems with 177 Onions on Muck Soils OPAC 90-14 Biological Control of Grey Mold in 178 Strawberries OPAC 90-15 Development of a Colour Trap to Detect 179 and Monitor Flies, Stobilomyia spp. infesting Coniferous Cones in Seed Orchards OPAC 90-16 Reducing Weed Competition in Corn Through 180 Nitrogen Management OPAC 90-17 Integrated Weed Management in White Beans 181 OPAC 90-18 Interaction Among an Outbreak of Jack 182 Pine Budworm, B.t. Beneficial Lepidoptera Spruce Grouse, Amphibia, and Small Birds and Mammals OPAC 90-19 Optimization of Pathogen-Parasitoid 183 Interactions for Integrated Management of Eastern Spruce Budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana OPAC 90-20 Response of Soil Microfauna, Microflora 184 and Structure to Agricultural Practices in Corn, Soybean and Cereal Rotation - 165 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Development of Disparvirus (gypsy PROJECT NO: OPAC 90-01 moth nuclear polyhedrosis virus) as a microbial START DATE: 04/90 insecticide for use in Canada SHORT TITLE: Disparvirus as an insecticide in Canada PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. J.C. Cunningham & W.J. Kaupp Sault College of Applied Arts & Tech LIAISON OFFICER (naune, location, telephone no.): Dr. C.R. Harris OPAC 323-4447 OBJECTIVE(S) : To conduct follow-up surveys on plots sprayed in 1988 and 1989 and untreated check plots and determine the long-term effect of Disparvirus treatments. To study spread of Disparvirus from a small, discreet site. To study leaf surface contamination with nuclear polyhedrosis virus as an early indicator of virus epizootics in gypsy moth populations. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The aim is to develop gypsy moth nuclear polyhedrosis virus (Disparvirus) as an effective and economical alternative to Bacillus thurinqiensis for operational control of gypsy moth in Ontario. Parameters such as dosage, timing of applications, emitted volumes and tank mixes will be studied. Treated and check plots will be monitored for several years to determine long-term impacts of Disparvirus. Epizootiological studies will elucidate mechanisms of horizontal and vertical transmission and it is hoped that a survey of the amount of virus on leaf surfaces early in the season can be used as an indicator of an impending virus epizootic. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) T"* 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES: Cost: (COO'S): 17.7 17.7 Work Years: 0.6 Budget Source: OPAC KEYWORDS: nuclear polyhedrosis virus, gypsy moth, biocontrol OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): OPAC Seminar 1991 EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies) COMMENTS! "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 166 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Sustainable Alternatives to PROJECT NO: OPAC 90-02 Fumigation for the Control of Root Lesion START DATE: 04/90 Nematodes SHORT TITLE: Alternatives to Fumigation/Root Lesion Nematodes PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. J.E. Brandle Delhi Res. Sta. LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): Dr. C.R. Harris OPAC 323-4447 OBJECTIVE ( S ) : The first is to assess the nematicidal activity of isothiocyanates derived from rape leaves. The second is to esteiblish a crop rotation, which will allow evaluation of rape as a viable alternative to soil fumigation. The ultimate goal is to provide farmers with a practical alternative that will allow chemical nematicides to be removed from the current cropping system. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Large amounts of soil fumigants are used to control root lesion nematodes in the coarse textured soils of southwestern Ontario. Rape leaves, stems and roots contain compounds known as glucosinolates, which are hydrolyzed to isothiocyanates when tissues are damaged. These plant derived isothiocyanate, which is a component of some soil fumigants used for nematode control. The purpose of this research is first to determine if the isothiocyanates derived from rape have nematicidal activity and secondly to evaluate raE>e as a rotational crop for use in suppression of nematode populations. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RE SOURCE S : Cost: (000 "s): 7.8 7.8 Work Years: 0.3 Budget Source: OPAC KEYWORDS: Brassica napus, nemoticidal activity of leaf derivatives, isotiocyanate soil fumigants OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): OPAC Seminar 1991 EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 167 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Ecotoxicological Impact of Agricultural PROJECT NO: OPAC 90-03 Runoff in Streams: The Effects of Atrazine, Metolachlor START DATE: 03/90 and Nutrient Interactions on Primary Productivity of Attached Algae SHORT TITLE: Ecotoxicological Impacts of Agricultural Runoff PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: K.E. Day Rivers Research Branch National Water Research Institute LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): Dr. C.R. Harris OPAC 323-4447 OBJECTI VE ( S ) : To develop methodology to determine the effects of agricultural chemicals, particularly atrazine and metolachlor on attached algae found growing in aquatic lotic ecosystems next to agricultural land. To determine the interactive effects of atrazine and metolachlor in combination with other agricultural contaminants such as N03, -N02, and phosphorus. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The ecotoxicological effects of two herbicides, atrazine and metolachlor, on the growth and productivity of attached algal communities (periphyton) will be determined. In the laboratory, the effects of short and long- term exposure (hours to weeks) to combinations of herbicides and different levels of nutrients will be studied under controlled conditions of light and temperature. The effects of short-term, pulsed doses of each herbicide on the photosynthetic activity of natural periphyto will also be determined in a portable strearaban incubator. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES : Cost: (OOO's): 16.0 16.0 Work Years: 1 Budget Source: OPAC KEYWORDS: pesticide runoff, impact on attached algae OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): OPAC Seminar 1991 EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies) COMMENTS : "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 168 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLCXJY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Reducing the Rates of Glyphosate PROJECT NO: OPAC 90-04 to Control Broad-Leaved Trees in Conifer START DATE: 04/90 Populations SHORT TITLE: Broad-Leaved Trees/Glyphosate Rates PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: G. Hofstra University of Guelph LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): Dr. C.R. Harris OPAC 323-4447 OBJECTIVE(S) : To determine the sensitivity of various broad-leaved trees to low rates of glyphosate at different times during the growing season. To determine the effect of low levels of glyphosate on white spruce and jack pine at different times during the growing season. To establish a strategy for conifer release using the levels of glyphosate. To continue the measurements in the field of the trees sprayed in 1987 and 1988. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: To reduce the rate of glyphosate needed to control broad- leaved species in conifer plantations, and to increase the time period during which spraying can be cone. Treatments in the field indicate that injury continues to develop over at least a 2 year period, and the ability of treat trees to compete and survive appears to diminish. If immediate kill of undesirable woody vegetation is not needed, lower field rates could suffice. Since applications at 25% RFR (Registered Federal Rate) showed quite significant declines in vigour and survival a reduction by 50% of the currently accepted rates could suffice for the control of deciduous weed species in conifer plantations. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RE SOURCE S : . Cost: (OOO's): 20.1 20.1 Work Years: 1 Budget Source: OPAC KEYWORDS: glyphosate, conifer plantations, reduced rates OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): OPAC Seminar 1991 EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 169 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Effectiveness of the Granulosis Virus PROJECT NO: OPAC 90-05 in Management of the Codling Moth in Apple Orchards START DATE: 04/90 and its Environmental Impact SHORT TITLE: Granulosis Virus and Apple Orchards PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. R. Jaques Agriculture Canada LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.)! Dr. C.R. Harris OPAC 323-4447 OB JECTIVE ( S ) : To determine the effectiveness of the granulosis virus of the codling moth in a management system for apple orchards by laboratory bioassys, by a plot trial in a research orchard, in a grower's orchard under commercial conditions and for pear orchards in a small-scale test on pears. To determine the impact of the virus on nontarget arthropods, particularly species that are parasitic or predaceous. To evaluate persistence of the virus and identify materials to protect virus against inactivation by sunlight. To assemble data to support application for registration of the virus for use in Canada. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: This Study is to assess effectiveness of granulosis virus for control of the codling moth and the impact of the virus on nontarget arthropods by small-plot trials in research orchards and by a small-plot trial in a grower's orchard. Persistence of the virus will be assessed by field and leiboratory techniques. These studies are to support application for registration of the virus for use as an alternative to chemical insecticides. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES : Cost: (OOO's): 23.5 23.5 Work Years: 1 Budget Source: OPAC KEYWORDS: granulosis virus, codling moth nontarget impact OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): OPAC Seminar 1991 EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 170 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Integration of Biological Control PROJECT NO: OPAC 90-06 of Cucumber Powdery Mildew into the Greenhouse START DATE: 04/90 Pest Management Program SHORT TITLE: Biological Control of Cucumber Mildew PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. W.R. Jarvis Agriculture Canada LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no. ) ' Dr. C.R. Harris OPAC 323-4447 OBJECTIVE ( S ) : To determine the compatibility of Sprothrix ruqulosus and S. f locculosus with registered and candidate pesticides in cucumber production. To determine compatibility with insect rpedators and parasites Amblyseius cucumeris, Aphidoletes aphidiomvza, Encarsia formosa and Hvpoaspis sp. (potential control of fungus gnats and thripa). To determine compatibility with entomophathogens Verticillium lecanii, Aschersonia aleyrodis, and Bacillus thurinqiensis. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: A very effective biological control for cucumber powdery mildew has been developed. Two species of Stephanoascus which are yeastlike fungi, control this and other powdery mildew diseases (eg. or roses and begonia) at an optimum temperature of 26 degrees Celcius and at relative humidities greater than 80%. These conditions are provided by microfine fogging systems now commong in many Ontario greenhouses. However, there is no information on the compatibility of this biological control with chemical pesticide and with insect predators, parasites, and entomophathogens. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTA RE SOURCE S : Cost: (000 '8): 8.5 8.5 Work Years: 0.5 Budget Source: OPAC KEYWORDS: cucumber powdery mildew, stephanoascus OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): OPAC Seminar 1991 EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : ~~ NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 171 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Impact of Algal Fibrils on PROJECT NO: OPAC 90-07 Bioavailability of Pesticides to Non-target START DATE: 04/90 Aquatic Organisms SHORT TITLE: Algal Fibrils/Bioavailability of Pesticides PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: N.K. Kaushik University of Guelph LIAISON OFFICER {narae, location, telephone no. ) J Dr. C.R. Harris OPAC 323-4447 OBJECTIVE(S) : To investigate the role of algal fibrils in bioavailability of pesticides to nontarget organisms in water. To investigate bioavailability of fenvalerate to Daphnia magna and of atrazine to Anaqaena cylindrica and Selenastrum capricornutum in the presence and absence of fibrils. A comparison with suspended sediments will indicate the relative importance of adsorption of pesticides by fibrils in a quatic environment. Manipulating various parameters such as fibril dose, physical contact and contact time with fibrils and resulting effects on toxicity will also be investigated. Also, the production and manipulation of algae to produce fibrils will be pursued. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Algal fibrils are an important component of dissolved organic matter which have a role in the fate and bioavailability of contaminants in aquatic systems. Fibrils appeared to reduce the toxicity of fenvalerate to Daphnia magna . An adhesion reaction also occurred which impaired the mobility of D. magna. An adhesion reaction also occurred which impaired the mobility of D. magna. We wich to further investigate the interaction of fenvalerate to D_^ magna and atrazine toxicity to Anabaena cylindrica and Selenastrum capricornutum in the presence and cdssence of fibrils. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES : Cost: (OOO's): 15.0 15.0 Work Years: 0.5 Budget Source: OPAC KEYWORDS: algal fibrils, aquatic organisms OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): OPAC Seminar 1991 EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 172 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Evaluation of Alternate PROJECT NO: OPAC 90-08 Methods of Pest Control for Home Garden START DATE: 04/90 SHORT TITLE: Home Garden Pest Control Alternatives PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. D.G.R. McLeod University of Western Ontario LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.)! Dr. C.R. Harris OPAC 323-4447 OB JECTIVE ( S ) : To test alternative means of reduction of pest damage in the home garden. To study the effect of different brands of floating row covers on growth of radish, onion and pepper. To examine the possibility of using Agronet floating row cover in the commercial production of organic peppers. The research will be summarized and a popular article. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: To evaluate alternate means of pest control in home gardens and small truck farms. Mass trapping and companion planting will be tested for effect on preventing damage to radish, onion and cabbage. Fabric row covers will be tested for their effect on growth of radish, onion and peppers and their use and acceptability by truck crop farmers. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES : Cost: (OOO's): 18.0 18.0 Work Years: 0.7 Budget Source: OPAC KEYWORDS: biocontrol, home garden, root maggots, polyester row covers, Aleochara bilineata OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): OPAC Seminar 1991 EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 173 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Hyperparasitism and Strategies PROJECT NO: OPAC 90-09 for the Biological Control of Gypsy Moth START DATE: 04/90 in Ontario SHORT TITLE: Gypsy Moth Control in Ontario PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: V.G. Nealis Forestry Canada LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.)! Dr. C.R. Harris OPAC 323-4447 OBJECTIVE ( S ) : To estimate the impact of hyperparasitism on populations of parasitoids attacking gypsy moth in Ontario. To examine the relative vulnerability of new, potential agents to hyperparasitims. To make recommendations concerning the feasibility of particular biocontrol strategies using gypsy moth parasitoids in Ontario. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Both inundative and inoculative releases of parasitoids are established biocontrol strategies for gypsy moth in North America. Surveys of gypsy moth parasitoids already established in Ontario indicate that hyperparasitism may severly limit the effectiveness of releases of some parasitoids. This project will developed a method for estimating the impact of hyperparasitism on gypsy moth parasitoids and will examine through controlled experiments, the relative vulnereibility of potential biocontrol candidates to hyperparasitism in Ontario. The results will assist pest managers in developing a decision-support system for the selection of biocontrol agents and strategies for their use in Ontario. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES : Cost: (OOO's): 13.8 13.8 Work Years: 0.7 Budget Source: OPAC KEYWORDS: hyperparasitism, gypsy moth, biocontrol agents/strategies OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): OPAC Seminar 1991 EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc.) - 174 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Organic and Modified Programs PROJECT NO: OPAC 90-10 for the Control of Apple Scab. START DATE: 04/90 SHORT TITLE: Apple Scab. Control PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. J. Northover Agriculture Canada LIAISON OFFICER (naiTie, location, telephone no.): Dr. C.R. Harris OPAC 323-4447 OBJECTIVE ( S ) : To determine the rate of dissipation and terminal harvest residues on apple fruits sprayed with mancozeb 45, 60 and 75 days prior to harvest. To determine the relative efficacies of five readily available begetable oils applied to potted Mcintosh and Mcintosh seedling plants as oil-in-water emulsions for protections against, or inactivation of apple scab. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The project will research more acceptable and sustainable means of controlling apple scab (Venturia inaegualis) . One approach will examine the rate of dissipation and the terminal harvest residues of mancozeb on apples sprayed with longer preharvest intervals than the current 30 days. The other approach will evaluate the efficacy of an "organic" method involving the application of emulsified vegetable oils in water. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES : Cost: (OOO's): 10.0 10.0 Work Years: 0.4 Budget Source: OPAC KEYWORDS: scab/ (Venturia inaecpjalis) , mancozeb residue decline, emulsified vegetable oil efficacy OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): OPAC Seminar 1991 EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 175 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY; 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: New Technology for Insecticide PROJECT NO: OPAC 90-11 Placement to Control Soil Insects in Row Crops START DATE: 05/90 at Cultivation Time SHORT TITLE: New Technology for Insecticide Placement PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Mr. A.W. Schaafsma Ridgetown College of Agricultural Technology LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): Dr. C.R. Harris OPAC 323-4447 OBJECTIVE(S) : To design, develop and modify injection applicators to achieve optimum insecticide placement for corn rootworm control injection when corn rootworm larvae are active. To test prototype injection equipment for commercial utility in rootworm insecticide applications. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Focuses on developing a modified approach to corn rootworm control to reduce the amount of insecticide applied to Ontario soils by order of magnitude of about 75%. Developing new insecticide application technology for soil insect control has been identified as a research priority by the Field Crops Recommendation Subcommittee as first priority for long term funding. The 1989 grant supported construction and testing (small plot) of a manual injector. The 1990 work is to design and construct a 2 row slot injector for larger scale field trials. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES : Cost: (OOO's): 6.0 6.0 Work Years: 0.4 Budget Source: OPAC KEYWORDS: western corn rootworm, layby soil injection equipment design OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): OPAC Seminar 1991 EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies) COMMENTS : "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 176 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Management of the Strawberry Root PROJECT NO: OPAC 90-12 Weevil in Ornamental Tree Nursery Production START DATE: 04/90 using Entomophagous Nematodes SHORT TITLE: Strawberry Root Weevil Management PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: S.M. Smith University of Toronto LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.)' Dr. C.R. Harris OPAC 323-4447 OBJECTIVE (S) : To develop a pest management program for the strawberry root weevil on ornamental spruce nurseries in southern Ontario. This will achieved by determining the life-cycle and biology of the weevil in southern Ontario; by developing a non-destructive sampling technique for predicting weevil infestation; and by selecting and releasing entomophagous nematodes for biological control of the weevil under laboratory and field conditions. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The Strawberry root weevil is a relatively recent pest in Ontario tree nurseries, limited the production of ornamental conifer stock. No management guidelines are currently available for control of this important pest. The proposed research will develop a pest management program for strawberry root weevil by addressing 3 objectives listed above. Adult weevils will be released into caged trees at the field site and the trees Seimpled bi-monthly from May 1990 to April 1991 to measure weevil development. A number of different non- destructive sampling techniques will be investigated for predicting weefil infestation. Entomophagous nematodes will be released against the weevil in laboratory and field trials using surface and injection techniques. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RE SOURCE S : Cost: (OOO's): 18.0 18.0 Work. Years: 0.8 Budget Source: OPAC KEYWORDS: strawberry root weevil biology, biocontrol, entomophagous nematodes OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): OPAC Seminar 1991 EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 177 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Integrated Weed Management PROJECT NO: OPAC 90-13 Systems with Onions on Muck Soils START DATE: 04/90 SHORT TITLE: Weed Management and Muck Soils PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: V. Souza Machada University of Guelph LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.)' Dr. C.R. Harris OPAC 323-4447 OBJECTIVE(S) : To evaluate the effect of cover crops on the weed pressure during the subsequent crops of onions on muck soils. To establish the "critical period" of broadleaf and grass weed interference with onions on muck soils. Field responses of osmoconditioned onions in relation to early seeding esteiblishment and development. Interaction of barley wind abatement plantings as rows or broadcast, with onions and broadleaf weeds. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The objectives of the program are to manipulate interspecific crop/weed competition, involving the introduction of "protector" species that would be used as a winter cover 8p>ecies and a spring abatement species, so as to reduce weed interference with the "protected" crop as well as minimize wind erosion. The "protected" crop would also be primed with polyethylene glycol prior to field planting, so as to enhance seedling vigour at low germination/emergence soil temperatures and be therefore more effective in weed competition. This strategy would hopefully maintain crop yields, lower the volume of herbicides used in the environment and prevent the loss of valuable horticultural topsoil from farmlands. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES : Cost: (OOO's): 16.0 16.0 Work Years: 1 Budget Source: OPAC KEYWORDS: crop/weed competition, "protector species", polyethylene glycol OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): OPAC Seminar 1991 EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : ' ~" NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 178 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Biological Control of Grey Mold PROJECT NO: OPAC 90-14 in Strawberries START DATE: 04/90 SHORT TITLE: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: J.C. Sutton University of Guelph LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.)' Dr. C.R. Harris OPAC 323-4447 OBJECTIVE (S) : To evaluate biocontrol agents for effectiveness in suppressing grey mold fruit rot of strawberries in the field. To screen additional isolates of fungal species show to be effective in biocontrol. To quantify effects of weather variables on the population dynamics of biocontrol agents applied to strawberries and on their effectiveness in suppressing grey mold. To develop systems to apply and time applications of biocontrol agents. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: To develop biological control as an alternative to fungicides for managing grey mold fruit rot of strawberries. Organisms in advanced stages of screening as biocontrol agents will be evaluated in field plots. Effects of weather factors on population densities of the biocontrol agents in strawberry plants and on effectiveness of the agents in suppressing grey mold will be determined. These and other observations will be used to develop a system to optimize biocontrol through appropriate timing of applications of the biocontrol agents. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES : Cost: (000" s): 22.0 22.0 Work Years: 1.5 Budget Source: OPAC KEYWORDS: grey mold fruit rot, biocontrol agents OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): OPAC Seminar 1991 EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 179 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Development of a Colour Trap to PROJECT NO: OPAC 90-15 Detect and Monitor flies, Stobilomyia spp. infesting START DATE: 04/90 Coniferous Cones in Seed Orchards SHORT TITLE: Colour Trap to Detect and Monitor Flies PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: J.J. Turgeon University of Toronto LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): Dr. C.R. Harris OPAC 323-4447 OB JECTIVE ( S ) : Continue field-screening testa to determine the most attractive colour for traps located in trees to flies of Strobilomvia sp. Continue field tests to identify the position of the traps that is most effective in attracting flies before oviposition begins. Determine the level of sexual maturity of females caught on traps as a function of time as well as determine the exact period of oviposition in the site. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: To develop a colour trap to detect and moitor adults of cone maggots, by carrying out field experiments in Ontario with 3 cone maggots which develop in tamarack cones, and infest spruce cones. To obtain information needed to develop this traps we will assess their response to traps of different colours, hues, shapes and sizes as well as determine the influence of trap location and height within a stand on trap capture. The final step of this project will be to correlate trap catches with damage inflicted by these flies. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES : Cost: (OOO's): 22.0 22.0 Work Years: 0.5 Budget Source: OPAC KEYWORDS: cone maggots, tamarock cones and spruce cones OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): OPAC Seminar 1991 EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : ~~" NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 180 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Reducing Weed Competition in PROJECT NO: OPAC 90-16 Corn Through Nitrogen Management START DATE: 04/90 SHORT TITLE: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: G. Hofstra University of Guelph LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): Dr. C.R. Harris OPAC 323-4447 OBJECTIVE ( S ) : To determine if the need for chemical weed control can be reduced by altering fertility regimes in corn. To compare weed species deversity and biomass under different fertility regimes in corn under organic and conventional practices. To relate weed species diversity to the level of nitrogen and nitrate in the soil. To compare weed establishment in the spring in plots treated with either turkey manure in the fall, followed by catch crops or with nitrate in the spring. To compare the effect of nitrogen supplied by a green manure crop with that supplied by nitrate on weed establishment in corn. To study the effects of different forms of nitrogen on weed seed germination. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: To develop a colour trap to detect and monitor adults of cone maggots, by carrying out field experiments in Ontario with 3 cone maggots which develop in tamarack cones, and which infest spruce cones. To obtain information needed to develop this trap we will assess their response to traps of different colours, hues, shapes and sizes as well as determine the influence of trap location and height within a stand on trap capture. The final step of this project will be to correlate trap catches with damage inflicted by these flies. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES : Cost: (OOO's): 16.1 16.1 Work Years: 0.5 Budget Source : OPAC KEYWORDS: nitrate, weed seed dormancy/germination, species diversity OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): OPAC Seminar 1991 EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies) COMMENTS : "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 181 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Integrated Weed Management in PROJECT NO: OPAC 90-17 White Beans START DATE: 04/90 SHORT TITLE: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: Dr. C.J. Swanton University of Guelph LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.): Dr. C.R. Harris OPAC 323-4447 OBJECTIVE ( S ) ; To develop a weed threshold management model for post-emergence herbicide use in white beans. To compare the residual dissipation curves of metobromuron and bentazon in white beans grown under conventional management and integrated weed management system. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Field research will be conducted to develo a computerized weed threshold management model for postemergence weed control in white beans. The first component of this research is to determine threshold levels of major broadleaf weed escapes during the critical period that result in yield losses. This study will refine our reduced-pesticide weed control system in white beans. The second component of this research will test the hypothesis that pesticide residues inbean seeds can be reduced or eliminated and weeds still effectively controlled if an IWM production system with reduced herbicide dosage and properly timed herbicide application is adopted. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RE SOURCE S : Cost: (OOO's): 16.0 16.0 Work Years: 0.9 Budget Source: OPAC KEYWORDS: integrated weed management (IWM), white beans, post emergent herbicides/ efficacy OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): OPAC Seminar 1991 EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 182 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Interaction Among an Outbreak PROJECT NO: OPAC 90-18 of Jack Pine Budworm, B.t. beneficial Lepidoptera START DATE: 04/90 Spruce Grouse, Amphibia, and Small Birds and Mammals SHORT TITLE: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: J.F. Bendell University of Toronto LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.)' Dr. C.R. Harris OPAC 323-4447 OBJECTIVE(S) : To complete the project begun in 1989, assessing the impact of operatinally spraying B.t. on wildlife and non-target Lepidoptera. To make direct observation of chicks in sprayed areas allotted to and brooded by Bantam Lens. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: We operationally sprayed two 40 ha plots of 20 year old Jack Pine with B.t., 30 BIU in 1.8 a/ha and measured the impact on wildlife, and arthropods of low shrubs, herbs and forest floor. Preliminary analysis suggest the B.t. decreased number of three foraging song birds, chicks of Spruce Grouse, and caterpillars of low shrubs and gerbs. Masked Shrews and American Toads were unaffected. Many data remain unanalyzed: 201 sweep net and 664 pittfall samples of arthropods, census data on song birds and grouse; and 150 measurements of growth and contents of 40 crops of chicks of grouse. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) 1 * 2 3 TOTAL RE SOURCE S : Cost: <000's): 16.5 16.5 Work Years: 1.6 Budget Source: OPAC KEYWORDS: Jack Pine Budworm, beneficial Lepidoptera, Spruce Grouse, Amphibia OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): OPAC Seminar 1991 EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS ! "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. ) - 183 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X CONTRACT SOLICITED INTERNAL GRANT X UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Optimization of Pathogen- PROJECT NO: OPAC 90-19 Paraeitoid interactions for Integrated Management START DATE: 04/90 of Eastern Spruce Budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana SHORT TITLE: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: K. van Frankenhuyzen Bacterial Pathogens LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no.)' Dr. C.R. Harris OPAC 323-4447 OBJECTIVE ( S ) : To develop a solid experimental basis for a spruce budworm population managment strategy by testing hypotheses regarding the interaction between Bacillus thruingiensis, parasitoids, and budworm performance. Laboratory experiments will be conducted to further investigate interactive effects between B.t. and parasitoids, building on our previous work and to quantify carry-over effects of B.t. on budworm population quality. Laboratory observations will be complemented with observations from a field trial, designed to test the hpothesis that a properly- timed B.t. application can result in foliage protection as well as population suppression by enhancing effectiveness of parasitoids and debilitating budworm fitness. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Recent progress in spruce budworm research indicates the possibility of developing a population management strategy by integrating our knowledge of microbial control agents with that of the population biology of the budworm and its natural enemies. We propose to develop the experimental basis for a population management strategy based on optimization of parasitoid-pathogen interactions. Experiments will be conducted to examine interactive effects between B.t. and parasitoids on survival and performance of spruce budworm in the leiboratory, and to test results of le±ioratory experiments in the field by aerial treatment of high density budworm populations. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) T"* 2 3 TOTAL RESOURCES : ^_____ Cost: (000 "s): 16.0 16.0 Work Years: 0.8 Budget Source: OPAC KEYWORDS: pathogen-parasitoid, integrated management, eastern spruce budworm OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): OPAC Seminar 1991 EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies): COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc.) - 184 - RESEARCH AND TECHNOLCXJY INVENTORY: 1990 EXTERNAL X INTERNAL CONTRACT GRANT X SOLICITED UNSOLICITED X PROJECT TITLE: Response of Soil Microfauna, Microflora and Structure to Agricultural Practices in Corn, Soybean and Cereal Rotation PROJECT NO: OPAC 90-20 START DATE: 04/90 SHORT TITLE: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND AFFILIATION: A.D. Tomlin University of Western Ontario LIAISON OFFICER (name, location, telephone no. Dr. C.R. OPAC 323-4447 OBJECTIVE(S) : To measure soil microfaunal, microfloral and soil physical properties in response to these treatments. Visual observations clearly indicate changes in soil structure, under continuous herbicide treatments, presumably related to faunal, floral and microfabric changes we hope to identify. An adjacent experiment beginning at Harrow in 1990, will compare reduced herbicide treatments in conjunction with tillage and crop rotation for weed control in soybeans, providing us with the additional opportunity to compare tillage effects on soil biota and soil structure. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Evaluation of the effects of herbicide treatments, crop rotations, and tillage practices on soil biota and soil structure using currently and newly established plots at North wooodslee Stn. (Harrow Res. Stn. ) . Soil textures also will be mapped at the site in 1990 to measure soil heterogeneity in preparation for subsequent soil faunal, floral and soil porosity measurements in relation to the main treatment effects. BUDGET AND Year: (* current) RESOURCES : Cost: (000- 8): Work Years: 1 Budget Source: OPAC 14.7 14.7 KEYWORDS: herbicides effect on soil structure, microflora, corn, soybean and cereal rotations OUTPUT (papers, presentation, reports): OPAC Seminar 1991 EXTERNAL PARTICIPATION (ministries, governments, agencies) COMMENTS : NOTE: "External" refers to projects carried out by investigators outside the Ministry. Please indicate budget source by organization (e.g. RAC, OPAC, Branch, etc. )