SJERBYS IRE 


‘ARCHEOLOGICAL 


_ AND 


i /“Narura HisToRY 
Sociery. 


JOURNAL 


DERBYSHIRE ARCHAOLOGICAL 


AND 


NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY. 


PAN TAK, 188.1% 


LONDON : 
BEMROSE & SONS, 23, OLD BAILEY ; 
AND DERBY. 


lil 


CONTENTS. 


List oF OFFICERS : - 2 : 2 E : ks S 
RULES - - - - - : : £ - : : : é 
List OF MEMBERS - - - - - = “ = : s 
SECRETARY’S REPORT ; 
TOR SET Se Mae eet ie ew islet a) | Neale 


THE OLD ASHBURNE FAMILIES. 

By JOHN SLEIGH, J.P. - - - - - - - - 
PROCEEDINGS IN THE CouRT OF EXCHEQUER RESPECTING THE 

CHATSWORTH BUILDING AccouNTS. 
TRANSCRIBED FOR THE D. A. AND N. H. S., By W. H. 
Hart, F.S.A. - - - - - - - - - 

INCISED SLABS IN CROXALI. CHURCH. 

DRAWN BY MARY USSHER - - - - - - - 
AN INVENTORY OF FURNITURE AT BEAUCHIEF HALL (1691). 


By S. O. Appy, M.A. - - . - - : > 
PEDIGREE OF HORTON, OF CATTON, WITH SOME NOTES ON THAT 
FamILy. 


By RICHARD USSHER- - - - - - - - - 
PLACE AND FieLD NAMES OF DERBYSHIRE, WHICH INDICATE 
VEGETABLE PRODUCTIONS. 
By Rev. J. CHARLES Cox - : - - - - - 
THE HERALDIC STAINED GLAss IN ASHBURNE CHURCH, DERBY- 
SHIRE, 
By THE Rev. FRANCIS JOURDAIN, M.A. - - - - 
SomME ANCIENT DOCUMENTS RELATING TO TOTLEY, DoRE, AND 
HOLMSFIELD, NEAR DRONFIELD. 
Epirep By S. O. Appy, M.A. - - - - - - 
Some Nores ON THE COKAYNE FAMILY 
By ANDREAS E. COKAYNE - - : - - “ - 
THE OLD SHAMBLES, CHESTERFIELD. 
By GrorGE BAILEY - - - - £ . . 3 
A SKETCH oF THE EARLY HIsTORY OF THE PRINTING PRESS IN 
DERBYSHIRE. 
By ALFRED WALLIS - - - - - - - : 
SoME AccouNT OF THE FAMILY OF LOWE, OF ALDERWASLEY AND 
DENBY, IN THE COUNTY OF DERBY AND ELSEWHERE. 
By Major A. E. Lawson Lowe, F.S.A._ - - - - 


55 


67 


73 


109 


132 


137 


157 


iV 


LPSTYOF Pie 1 Ese 


INCISED SLAB OF WILLIAM CURZON, CROXALL - 
HERALDIC STAINED GLASS IN ASHBURNE CHURCH 
HERALDIC STAINED GLAss IN ASHBURNE CHURCH 
HERALDIC STAINED GLAss IN ASHBURNE CHURCH 
HERALDIC STAINED GLASS IN ASHBURNE CHURCH 
HERALDIC STAINED GLASS IN ASHBURNE CHURCH 
THE OLD SHAMBLES, CHESTERFIELD - - - 
THE OLD SHAMBLES, CHESTERFIELD - - - 
THE Opp SHAMBLES, CHESTERFIELD - - - 


TO FACE PAGE 


55 
go 
coy 
92 
93 
94 
132 
134 
136 


v 


its Tt OF .OF FICERS. 


Iresident : 
tiie DUE OF DEVONSHIRE, KG; 
D tce=JPresidents : 
DUKE OF PORTLAND. Sir H. S. Witmot, Bart., V.C,, 
DUKE oF NorFOLK. M.P. 
Lorp Howarpb oF GLossop. Rev. Sir E. Repps JODDRELL, 
Lorp VERNON. BART. 


Lorp SCARSDALE. 

LorpD BELPER. 

Lorp WATERPARK. 

RiGHT Rev. BisHop oF LICH- 
FIELD, 

Hon. E. K. W. Coke. 

Hon. W. M. JERvVIs. 

HON. FREDERICK STRUTT. 

Kicut Rev. BisHorp ABRAHAM. 

RicHT Rev. BisHop STALEY. 

Sir H. Attsopp, Barr. 

Sir J. G. ALLEYNE, Bart. 


VerY Rev. DEAN OF LICHFIELD. 
VEN. ARCHDEACON BALSTON, 
Capt. A. P. ARKWRIGHT, R.N. 
M. A. Bass, Esq., M.P. 

T. W. Evans, Esqa., M.P. 

C. SPRENGEL GREAVES, Esq., Q.C. 
LLEWELLYNN JEWITT, Esq., F.S.A. 
J. G. Crompton, Esq. 

C. R. CoLviLe, Esq. 

N. C. Curzon, Esq. 

G. F. MEYNELL, Esq. 

li. H. Bemrose, Esq. 


Counc! : 


JouHN BaILey. 

GEORGE BAILEY. 

Wm. BEMROSE. 

JOHN Boroucu. 

REv. J. CHas. Cox. 
Tuomas Evans, F.G.S. 
C. G. SAvILE FoLjAMBE, M.P. 
Rev. M. K. S. FritTu. 
THomas HEATH. 
WILLIAM JOLLEY. 

Rev, F. Jourpain. 
RICHARD KEENE. 


Won. Treasurer : 
C. E. Newron. 


Mayor A. E. Lawson Lowe, 
F.S.A. 

Rev. J. M. MELLO. 

F. J. ROBINSON. 

RICHARD USSHER. 

W. H. St. JoHN Hope. 

F. CAMPION. 

ALF. WALLIS. 

FRED. DAVIs. 

C. JaMES CADE. 

E. Coo.inec. 

J. GALLop. 

T. W. CHARLTON. 


Won. Heervetarp: 


ARTHUR COx. 


Auditors: 


Henry T. MonKHOoUusE. 


Major POUNTAIN. 


vil 


ene) ae 


I.—NAME, 
The Society shall be called the ‘‘ DERBYSHIRE ARCHEOLOGICAL 
AND NaTURAL History SOCIETY.” 
II.—OsjEcT. 
The Society is instituted to examine, preserve, and illustrate 
the Archzology and Natural History of the*County of Derby. 
III.—OPERATION. 


The means which the Society shall ae for effecting its 
objects are :— 
1.—Meetings for the purpose of Reading Papers, the 
Exhibition of Antiquities, &c., and the discussion of 
subjects connected therewith. 
2.—General Meetings each year at given places rendered 
Interesting by their Antiquities, or by their Natural 
development. 


3-—The publication of original papers and ancient 
documents, etc. 
IV.—OFFICERs. 


The Officers of the Society shall consist of a President and Vice- 
Presidents, whose election shall be for life; and an Honorary 
Treasurer and Honorary Secretary, who shall be elected annually. 


V.—CounciL. 


The general management of the affairs and property of the 
Society shall be vested in a Council, consisting of the President, 


Vill RULES. 


Vice-Presidents, Honorary Treasurer, Honorary Secretary, and 
twenty-four Members, elected from the general body of the 
subscribers ; eight of such twenty-four Members to retire annually 
in rotation, but to be eligible for re-election. All vacancies 
occurring during the year to be provisionally filled up by the 
Council. 


VI.— ADMission OF MEMBERS. 


The election of Members, who must be proposed and seconded 
in writing by two Members of the Society, shall take place at any 
meeting of the Council or at any General Meeting of the Society. 


VII.—SuUBSCRIPTION. 


Each Member on election after March 31st, 1878, shall pay an 
Entrance Fee of Five Shillings, and an Annual Subscription of 
Ten Shillings and Sixpence. All subscriptions to become due, in 
advance, on the rst of January each year, and to be paid to 
the Treasurer. A composition of Five Guineas to constitute Life 
Membership. The composition of Life Members and the 
Admission Fee of Ordinary Members to be funded, and the 
interest arising from them to be applied to the general objects of 
the Society. Ladies to be eligible as Members on the same 
terms. No one shall be entitled to his privileges as a Member 
of the Society whose subscription is six months in arrear. 


VIII.—Honorary MEMBERS. 


The Council shall have the power of electing distinguished 
Antiquaries as Honorary Members. Honorary Members shall 
not be resident in the County, and shall not exceed twelve in 
number. ‘Their privileges shall be the same as those of Ordinary 
Members. 

IX.— MEETINGS OF COUNCIL. 


The Council shall meet not less than six times in each year, 
at such place or places as may be determined upon. Special 
meetings may also be held at the request of the President or five 
Members of the Society. Five Members of Council to form a 
quorum. 


RULES. ix 

X.—Sus-ComMIi1tTEEs. 
The Council shall have the power of appointing from time to 
time such sectional or Sub-Committees as may seem desirable for 
the carrying out of special objects. Such sectional or Sub- 


Committees to report their proceedings to the Council for 
confirmation. 
XI.—GENERAL MEETINGS. 

The Annual Meeting of the Society shall be held in January 
each year, when the Accounts, properly audited, and a Report shall 
be presented, the Officers elected, and vacancies in the Council 
filled for the ensuing year. The Council may at any time call a 
General Meeting, specifying the object for which that Meeting is 
to be held. A clear seven days’ notice of all General Meetings 
to be sent to each Member. 


XIJ.— ALTERATION OF RULES. 


No alteration in the Rules of the Society shall be made except 
by a majority of two-thirds of the Members present at an annual 
or other General Meeting of the Society. Full notice of any 
intended alteration to be sent to each Member at least seven 
days before the date of such meeting. 


LIST OF MEMBERS. 


SSS 
The Members whose names are preceded by an asterisk (*) are Life Members. 


Bloxam, M. H., F.S.A., Rugby. 

Hart, W, H., I’.S.A., Chancery Lane, London. 
Fitch R., F.S.A., Norwich. 

Greenwell, The Rev. Canon, F.S.A., Durham. 
North, Thos., F.S.A., Leicester. 


Honorary Members. 


Abbott, S., Lincoln. 

Abney, Captain W. de W., R.E., F.R.S., 3, St. Alban’s Road, Kensington, 
London. 

*Abraham, The Right Rev. Bishop, Lichfield. 

Addy, 8. O., George Street, Sheffield. 

Adlington, W. S., Kirk Hallam. ‘ 

Alleyne, Sir John G. N., Bart., Chevin House, Belper. 

Allport, James, Littleover, Derby. 

Allsopp, Sir Henry, Bart., Hindlip Hall, Worcestershire. 

Andrews, William, 10, Colonial Street, Hull. 

Arkwright, Captain A. P., Willersley. 

Arkwright, James C., Cromford. 

Arkwright, F. C., Willersley Castle, Cromford. 

Auden, Rev. W., The Vicarage, Church Broughton. 


Bagshawe, Benj., High Street, Sheffield. 

Bagshawe, F. Westby, The Oaks, Sheffield. 

Bailey, John, The Temple, Derby. 

Bailey, J. Eglinton, F.S.A., Egerton Villa, Stratford, Manchester. 
Bailey, George, 32, Crompton Street, Derby. 

Balguy, Major, The Grove, Burton Road, Derby. 

Balston, The Ven. Archdeacon, D.D., The Vicarage, Bakewell. 
Barnes, Capt., Beaconsfield, Bucks. 

Barker, W. Ross, Lyndon House, Matlock Bath. 

Bass, M. T., M.P., Rangemore, Burton-on-Trent. 

Bass, M. Arthur, M.P., Rangemore, Burton-on-Trent. 

Bate, James O., Gerard Street, Derby. 


LIST OF MEMBERS. 


Bateman, F. O. F., Breadsa]l Mount, Derby. 
Bateman, Thomas K., St. Mary’s Gate, Derby. 
Bateman, Miss, West Leake, Loughborough. 


Beamish, Major, R.E., Ordnance Survey Office, Southampton. 


Beard, Neville, The Mount, Ashburne. 

Bemrose, H. H., Uttoxeter New Road, Derby. 
“Bemrose, William, Elmhurst, Lonsdale Hill, Derby. 

Bennett, Geo., Irongate, Derby. 

Belper, The Right Honourable Lord, Kingston Hall. 


Bickersteth, The Very Rey. E., D.D., The Deanery, Lichfield. 


Blackwall, J. B. E., Biggin, Wirksworth. 
Boden, Walter, Gower Street, Derby. 


Bogonschevsky, The Baron Nicholas Cassimir de, Pskov, Russia. 


Botham, Rev. G. W., Whittington Rectory, Chesterfield. 
Borough, John, Friar Gate, Derby. 

Booth, Frederick W., Hartington Hall, near Ashburne. 
Bowring, Chas., Duffield Road, Derby. 

Bowring, Clement, Woodbines, Derby. 

Bradbury, Rev. T., St. Chad’s, Derby. 

Bradshaw, Rev. H. H., Morley Rectory, Derby. 
Bridgeman, O. Graville, Bilton Hall, Rugby. 

Brushfield, T. N., M.D., Brookwood Mount, Woking, Surrey. 
Buchanan, Alexander, Wilson Street, Derby. 

Buckstone, Rev. R. G., Sutton-on-the-Hill. 

Buckstone, Rev. Henry, Hope Vicarage, Derby. 

Busby, C. S. B., Chesterfield. 

Burch, Robert, 58, Green Lane, Derby. 


Cade, Chas. James, Spondon. 

Cade, Francis J., Spondon. 

Cammell, G. H., Brookfield Manor, Hathersage. 
Campion, F., M.R. Offices, Derby. 

Campion, F., Duffield Road, Derby. 

Carter, F., Irongate, Derby. 

Chadwick, Robert, The Tower, Matlock Bath. 
Chancellor, Rev. J., S. John’s, Derby. 

Charlton, Thomas W., Chilwell Hall, Notts. 
Charrington, J. E., Comberford Hall, Tamworth. 
Clayton, Mrs., Queen Street, Derby. 

Clarke, C. H., International College, Isleworth, Middlesex. 
Clarke, J. H., Melbourne. 

Clulow, Edward, Junr., Victoria Street, Derby. 

Clay, T. Spender, Ford Manor, Lingfield, Surrey. 
Christie, R. C., Darley House, Matlock. 

Christian, Rev. F. W., The Vicarage, South Winfield. 


xl 


xii LIST OF MEMBERS. 


Cokayne, Andreas E., Bolton-le-Moors. 

*Cokayne, G. E., F.S.A., College of Arms, London, 
*Coke, Colonel, Debdale, Derbyshire. 

Coke, The Hon. Edward Keppel Wentworth, Longford Hall. 
*Coke, Capt. J. Talbot, Militia Depot, York. 
Colvile, Charles R., Lullington, Burton-on-Trent. 
Cooling, Edwin, Junr., Iron Gate, Derby. 

Cope, Rey. A. D., Grammar School, Ashburne. 
Copestake, T. G., Kirk Langley. 

Cottingham, Rev. Henry, The Vicarage, Heath. 
Coulthurst, Thos., Derby. 

Cox, Rev. Richardson, The Vicarage, Tickenhall. 
Cox, Rev. J. Charles, Christ Church, Lichfield. 
Cox, Mrs. J. C., Christ Church, Lichfield. 

Cox, William, Brailsford. 

Cox, Arthur, Mill Hill, Derby. 

Cox, F. W., The Cottage, Spondon. 

Cox, Miss, The Hall, Spondon. 

Croston, James, F.S.A., Upton Hall, Prestbury, Cheshire. 
Crompton, J. G., The Lilies, Derby. 

Croker, Rev. J. G., The Rectory, Brailsford. 
Curgenven, W. G., M.D., Friar Gate, Derby. 
Currey, B. S., Little Eaton Hill, Derby. 

*Curzon, Nathaniel C., Lockington Hall, Derby. 


Davis, Hy., All Saints’ Works, Derby. 

Davis, Frederick, Phoenix Foundry, Derby. 

Deacon, Rev. J. C. H., The Vicarage, Alfreton. 
Devonshire, His Grace the Duke of, K.G., Chatsworth. 
Disbrowe, Miss, Walton Hall, Burton-on-Trent. 
Dolman, A. H., Wardwick, Derby. 


Eckett, 5. B., 20, Arboretum Street, Derby. 

Edmunds, Wilfred, “Derbyshire Times,” Chesterfield. 

Egerton, Admiral The Hon. F., M.P., Devonshire House, London. 
Evans, Henry, West Bank, Derby. 

*Evans, John, Highfields, Derby. 

Evans, Robt., Eldon Chambers, Nottingham. 

Evans, Thomas, F.G.S., Pen-y-Bryn, Derby. 

Evans, 8S. H., Derby. 

*Evans, T. W., M.P., Allestree, Derby. 

Evans, Walter, Darley Abbey. 


*Fane, William Dashwood, Melbourne Hall. 
Festing, Rey., Clifton, Ashburne. 


LIST OF MEMBERS. xiii 


Fisher, Rev. F. C., The Rectory, Walton-on-Trent. 
Fisher, Edwd., Blackmore Hall, Sidmouth. 
*Fitzherbert, J. K., Twynham, Bournemouth. 
*Fitzherbert, Rev. R. Scotton, Kirton-in-Lindsey. 
*Foljambe, Cecil G. Savile, M.P., Cockglode, Ollerton, Beonk, 
Forman, Rev. T. R., S. Andrew’s, Derby. 

Forman, Hy., Chellaston, Derby. 

Fox, Rev. W., The Rectory, Stanton-by-Dale. 

Fox, F. F., Melbourne. 

*Freer,’ Rev. T. H., Sudbury, Derby. 

Frith, Rev. M. K. S., The Vicarage, Allestree. 
Fryer, Edwd., Mill Hill Road, Derby. 


Gadsby, H. F., Derby. 

Gallop, Joseph, Normanton Road, Derby. 

Garbutt,' Horace, West Mount, Derby. 

George, Henry T., Friar Gate, Derby. 

Gibson, Rev. A. I., 21, Rosehill Street, Derby. 
Gillett, F. C., Borrowash, Derby. 

*Gisborne, Miss, Allestree Hall, Derby. 

Gisborne, T. M., 4, Upper 8. Germains, Blackheath. 
Goldie, Rev. A. R., The Grange, Thulston, Derby. 
Goodall, Thos. Sorby, 5, S. Peter’s Street, Derby. 
Goode, Mrs., Friar Gate, Derby. 

Greaves, Charles Sprengel, Q.C., 11, Blandford Square, London. 
Greaves, Fred. W., Bank, Derby. 

Greenhough, Edward, Green Bank, Matlock Bath. 
Gresley, Rev. L. S., Ashover. 

Groves, Rev. OC. W., Grammar School, Risley. 
Guest, John, F.S.A., Moorgate Grange, Rotherham. 


Hall, Rev. Tansley, Boylestone, Burton-on-Trent. 
Hamilton, Rev. C. J., The Vicarage, Doveridge. 
Hamlet, T., 40, Green Lane, Derby. 

Harwood, James, Corn Market, Derby. 

Haslam, A, Seale, Duffield Road, Derby. 

Haslam, W. Coates, Ripley, Derby. 

Hatherton, The Dowager Lady, 46, Clifton Gardens, Maida Hill, London, W. 
Haynes, H., ‘‘ Peacock ” Inn, Nottingham Road, Derby. 
Heath, Thomas, Free Library, Derby. 

Hey, Rev. Prebendary, The Vicarage, Belper. 

Herbert, Rev. George, University School, Nottingham. 
Hefford, George, Whatstandwell. 

Hefford, T. N., 46, Queen Street, Derby. 

Hillyard, Rev. E. A., Christ Church Vicarage, Belper. 


xiV LIST OF MEMBERS. 


Hill, F. C., St. James’s Chambers, Derby. 

Hodges, W. H., Osmaston Road, Derby. 

Howard, The Right Hon. Lord of Glossop, Glossop Hall. 
Howard, W. F., Cavendish Street, Chesterfield. 
Holmes, Major, Makeney Lodge, Belper. 

Hope, W. H. St. John, S. Peter’s, Derby. 

Hope, Rey. William, S. Peter’s, Derby. 

Howe, W. E., Fernie Bank, Matlock Bath. 

Holmes, Miss E., London Road, Derby. 

Holmes, H. M., London Road, Derby. 

Holmes, H. M., Junr., London Road, Derby. 
Holmes, Chas., Argyle Terrace, Rose Hill, Derby. 
*Hovenden, R. Heathcote, Park Hill Road, Croydon. 
Holland, W. R., Ashburne. 

Holly, Wm., Ockbrook. 

Horsley, Thomas, King’s Newton. 

*Hurt, Albert F., Alderwasley, Derby. 

Huish, John, Smalley, Derby. 

Huish, Darwin, Vernon Street, Derby. 

Hunt, J. A., The Poplars, Ockbrook. 

Hurt, Miss, 46, Clifton Gardens, Maida Hill, London, W. 
Hunter, John, Jun., Field Head House, Belper. 
Huckin, Rev. H. R., D.D., Repton Hall. 

Hubbersty, Philip, Wirksworth. 


Jackson, John P., Stubbin Edge, Chesterfield. 

Jeudwine, W. W., Hasland, Chesterfield. 

*Jennings, L. F., Manor House, Kingston, Lewes. 

Jervis, The Hon. W. M., Quarndon, Derby. 

Jessop, William, Butterley Hall. 

Jewitt, Llewellynn, F.S.A., The Hollies, Duffield. 

Jobson, J., Alvaston, Derby. 

Jobson, Edgar W., Hartington Street, Derby. 

*Joddrell, Rev. Sir Edward Repps, Bart., 21, Portland Place, London. 
Johnson, E. S., Charnwood House, Osmaston Road, Derby. 
Johnston, Captain Duncan A., R.E., Ordnance Survey, Derby. 
Johnston, Andrew, Leopold Street, Derby. 

Jolley, William, Eldon Chambers, Nottingham. 

Jones, Joseph, Full Street, Derby. 

Jones, Rey. T. J., Alton, Ashburne. 

Jones, T., Junr., 256, Glossop Road, Sheffield. 

Jourdain, Rev. Francis, The Vicarage, Ashburne. 


Keene, Richard, All Saints’, Derby. 
Kingdon, Clement B., Ednaston Lodge. 


a” = = 


LIST OF MEMBERS. Xv 


King-Hall, Lady, Kegworth. 

Kitchingman, Rev. J., The Rectory, Bonsall. 
Kirkland, Walter, 3, West Terrace, Eastbourne. 
Knipe, W. Melville, Melbourne 


Lamb, John, Corn Market, Derby. 

Layton, J., ‘“‘ Mercury ” Office, Derby. 

Leacroft, Rev. C. H., The Vicarage, Brackenfield, Alfreton. 

Leader, J. D., F.S.A., Sheffield. 

Lewis, Rev. Lewis, Ockbrook, Derby. 

Lindsay, J. Murray, M.D., Mickleover, Derby. 

Lingard, James, Lrongate, Derby. 

Lichfield, The Right Rev. The Lord Bishop of, The Palace, Lichfield. 
Lichfield, The Dean and Chapter of—Chas. Gresley, The Close, Lichfield 
Lister, Charles, The Abbey, Darley Dale. 

Lovejoy, F. W., 72, Wilmot Street, Derby. 

Lowe, Major A. E. Lawson, F.S.A., Shirenewton Hall, Chepstow. 
Lowe, William Drury, Locko Park, Derby. 

Lowe, George, M.D., Horninglow Street, Burton-on-Trent. 

Longdon, Frederick, Osmaston Road, Derby. 

Lott, Edward, Corn Market, Derby. 

Lomas, J., Marble Works, King Street, Derby, 


Mackie, John, Cliffe House, Crigglestone, near Wakefield. 
Mason, Rev. G E., The Rectory, Whitwell. 

Marsden, George, Wirksworth. 

Massey, Rev. J. C., South Normanton, Alfreton. 

Meakin, E. J., Spondon, Derby. 

Mello, Rev. J. M., The Rectory, Brampton S. Thomas, Chesterfield. 
Mellor, Rev. T. Vernon, Idridgehay Vicarage, Derby. 
Meynell, Godfrey F., Meynell Langley, Derby. 

Milligan, Colonel, Cauldwell Hall, Burton-on-Trent. 

Mills, Henry, 2, St. Peter’s Street, Derby. 

Milnes, Rev. Herbert, The Vicarage, Winster. 

Mitchell, Rev. H., Peak Forest Vicarage, Stockport. 
Morley, Henry, London Road, Derby. 

*Mundy, Meynell, 38, Green Park, Bath. 

Mundy, Edward Miller, Shipley Hall. 

Mundy, F. Noel, Markeaton Hall. 

Molineux, Rev. C. H., S. James’s Parsonage, Derby. 
Monkhouse, Henry, Irongate, Derby. 


Naylor, T. R., 50, Friar Gate, Derby. 

Newdigate, Colonel F. W., West Hallam, Derby. 
Needham, E. M., Belper. 

Newton, C. E., The Manor House, Mickleover. 
Norfolk, His Grace the Duke of, Arundel Castle. 


xvi LIST OF MEMBERS. 


Oakes, T. H., Riddings House. 

Oakes, C. H., Holly House, Riddings. 
Oldham, Rev. J., Clay Cross, Chesterfield. 
Oliver, John, Wardwick, Derby. 

Olivier, Rey. Alfred, Normanton, Derby. 
Osmaston, John, Osmaston Manor. 


*Paget, Joseph, Stuffynwood Hall, Mansfield. 
Parkinson, Rev. J. R. S., Liverpool, Nova Scotia, 
Parry, Captain, Mickleover. 

Peacock, T. F., 12, South Square, Gray’s Inn, London. 
Pegler, L. H., Stonebroom, Alfreton. 

Portland, His Grace the Duke of, Welbeck, Notis. 
Pountain, Major, Barrow-on-Trent. 

Prince, Paul, Madeley Street, Rose Hill, Derby. 


Ratcliff, Robert, Newton Park, Burton-on-Trent, 

Redfern, James, Etwall. 

Rickard, John, S. Werburgh’s Vicarage, Derby. 

Rhodes, Thomas, Mersey Bank, Hadfield, near Manchester. 
Robinson, F. J., Friar Gate, Derby. 

Rollinson, S., 49, Sheffield Road, Chesterfield. 

*Rutland, His Grace the Duke of, K.G., Belvoir Castle. 


Sale, W. H., Derby. 

Scarsdale, The Right Hon. Lord, Kedleston. 

*Schwind, Charles, Broomfield, Derby. 

Scott, Rey. Prebendary M. H.,S. Mary’s, Lichfield. 

Seely, Charles, Junr., Sherwood Lodge, Nottingham. 
Sheffield, G., S. James’s Chambers, Derby. 

Shaw, John, Normanton House, Derby. 

Shuttleworth, John Spencer Ashton, Hathersage Hall, Sheffield. 
Sheldon, T. G., Congleton, Cheshire. 

Sleigh, John, Eversley, Matlock. 

Small, George, Duffield Road, Derby. 

Smith, F. N., Wingfield Park, Alfreton. 

Smith, Wm. J., Dove Cliff, Burton-on-Trent. 

Smith, Rev. D., Sandiacre, Notts. 

Spilsbury, Rev. B. W., Findern, Derby. 

Staley, The Right Rev. Bishop, Croxall Vicarage, Lichfield. 
Stapleton, Rey. M., The Rectory, Barlborough, Chesterfield. 
Stewart, Rev. R., The Rectory, Pleasley. 

*Strutt, The Hon. Frederick, Milford House, Derby. 

Strutt, Herbert G., Makeney, Belper. 

Strick, Richard, Portland, Alfreton, 


ae oe aS a eee 


- 


LIST OF MEMBERS. XVil 


Storer, Charles John, Market Place, Derby. 
Story, J. Somes, Market Place, Derby. 
Stephenson, M., Molescroft Cottage, Beverley. 
Stowell, Rev. Hugh, Breadsall Rectory. 
Sutherland, George, Arboretum Square, Derby. 
Sutton, Edward, Shardlow Hall 

Swann, Rey. Kirke, Forest Hill, Warsop. 
Swanwick, F., Whittington, Chesterfield. 
Symons, Hy., Ashburne Road, Derby. 


Taylor, A. G., Grove Terrace, Derby. 

Taylor, Mrs. A. G., Grove Terrace, Derby. 
Tempest, J., Duffield. 

Tinkler, S., Derwent Street, Derby. 
Thorniwell, Robert, The Abbey, Burton-on-Trent. 
Towle, R. N., Borrowash, Derby. 

Trowsdale, Thos. B., Sevenoaks, Kent. 
Trueman, H., The Lea, Esher, Surrey. 
Trotter, Rev. J. G., Church Street, Ashburne. 
Turner, George, Barrow-on-Trent. 

Turbutt, W. Gladwin, Ogston Hall. 


Ussher, Richard, 10, Augusta Gardens, Folkestone. 
Vernon, Right Hon. The Lord, Sudbury. 


Waite, R., Duffield, Derby. 

Walker, John, Old Uttoxeter Road, Derby. 

Walker, Benjamin, Spondon, Derby. 

Waterpark, The Right Hon. Lord, Doveridge. 

Wallis, Alfred, ‘‘ Derby Mercury,” Derby. 

Wass, E. M., The Lea, Matlock. 

*Walthall, H. W., Alton Manor. 

Wadham, Rev. T., Weston-on-Trent, 

Wardell, Stewart, Doe Hill House, Alfreton. 

Whiston, W. Harvey, Grove Terrace, Derby. 

Whitaker, Rev. E. W., The Rectory, Stanton-by-Bridge. 
*Whitehead, S. Taylor, Burton Closes, Bakewell. 

Webbe, William, M.D., Wirksworth. 

Wilmot, Miss, 28, Westbourne Place, Eaton Square, London. 
*Wilmot, Sir Henry, Bart., V.C., M.P., Chaddesden Hall. 
Williams, J., Midland Railway, Derby. 

Wilson, Arthur, Melbourne. 

Worsnop, James, London Road, Derby. 

Wright, Jas., Victoria Street, Derby. 


xvill LIST OF MEMBERS. 


Wright, F. Beresford, Aldercar Hall, Notts. 

Wright, F. W., Full Street, Derby, 

Wilmot, Mrs. Edmund, Edge Hill, Derby. 

Wilmot, Rev. F. E. W., Chaddesden. 

~ Wilmot, Mrs. Woollett, Friar Gate, Derby. 

Wilmot-Horton, Rev. G., 10, Warrior Square Terrace, St. Leonards-on-Sea. 


Young, Julian, 7, Charnwood Street, Derby. 


N.B:—Members are requested to notify any error or omission in the above 
list to the Hon. Sec. 


xix 


meaPORT- OF:..- THE HON. SECRETARY, 


1880. 


j} HE Second Anniversary of this Society was held in the 
School of Art, kindly lent by the Committee for the 
M4} occasion, on the 29th of January, 1880. The Hon. 
W. M. Jervis presided. The Report of the Society’s proceedings 
for the past year, which contained a satisfactory financial 
statement, and showed a considerable increase in the number of 
members, was read. 

The Officers for the commencing year were elected. Of the 
eight Members of Council retiring in rotation (according to Rule 
V.), seven were re-elected, and Mr. Fred. Davis was elected a 
Member of Council in the room of the Rev. F. C. Fisher, who 
retired. Three other vacancies on the Council, caused by the 
retirement of Canon Hey, Capt. Beamish, and Mr. W. Edmunds, 
were filled by the election of the Rev. Alfred Olivier, Messrs. C. 
Jas. Cade, and W. G. Turbutt. All the other Officers were re- 
elected. 

During the past year there have been six meetings of the 
Council, at which the attendance of the elected Members has 
been good, and more regular than previously; this regularity of 
attendance facilitates the working of the Society in many ways, as 
the Members can then bear in mind, from one meeting to another, 


the subjects under discussion. ‘The Council is again indebted to 
the same two Vice-Presidents who have assisted its work in 
previous years. 


xX REPORT. 


In the early part of the year, the following Post-card was sent 
to all Members of the Society :— 


‘¢ The Council of the D. A. & N. H.S. earnestly requests that, in the event 
of any proposed Demolition of Antiquity, or Restoration, or Alteration, (no 
matter of what sort) of any Church in the County of Derby, coming under 
your notice, you will communicate at once with the Hon. Sec.” 


At the same time a Committee of Vigilance to inquire into any 
case reported was formed. Several cases were brought before the 
Committee, but the Society will be glad to learn that its inter- 
ference was not found to be necessary in any of these; it is, 
however, important for all Members to recollect that they are 
invited to do their utmost, by attending to this circular, to check 
any possible act of Vandalism. At a meeting of the Council 
held in April, it was resolved, that the Society should undertake 
some work of excavation at Beauchief Abbey. The owner of 
the property was written to for leave, but his reply was, that 
Beauchief was so situated with regard to public paths, and the 
vicinity of Sheffield, that he felt it impossible to give his consent 
to any excavation. It was then considered whether any work of 
excavation could be done at Stydd, or at Repton; but it was 
found that there was nothing to be done at Stydd, and the occupier 
of the ground at Repton declined to allow any examination of the 
ground to be made. Since then, however, the owner of Beauchief 
has consented to meet a deputation from the Society, in order 
that it may be clearly explained what is proposed; and it is 
hoped the objections to work at Repton may be overruled, so 
that, though no work of excavation in the past year has to be 
reported, the Council trust that some such work will be taken in 
hand before the next Anniversary. 

The first Expedition of the Society for the past year was made 
on the 8th of May to Melbourne, and King’s Newton Hall. The 
party, numbering about one hundred, left Derby by the 2-5 p.m. 

_ train, and were received at Melbourne by Mr. Dashwood Fane, 
and Mr. Fox. King’s Newton Hall was visited first, and Mr. 
Fox read the following notes :— 


REPORT. XXxi 


KING’S NEWTON, DERBYSHIRE. 
KING’S NEWTON HALL. 


The hall is supposed to have been built by the Hardinge family about the 
year 1400. It was occupied successively by members of that family down to 
about 130 years ago, when it was sold to the Coke family. It now belongs to 
Earl Cowper, as successor to Lady Palmerston. 

I will not trouble you with a pedigree of the Hardinge family, but may 
mention that Nicholas Hardinge married, for his second wife, Agnes, daughter 
of John Cantrell, Esq., in the 20th year of Henry VII. 

There is a monument in Melbourne Church to Henry, the grandson of 
Nicholas Hardinge. It states that he died December 8th, 1613. His brother 
Nicholas succeeded to the hall and estate at his death, and married Isabell, 
sole daughter of Edward Webb, Esq., of Austrey, Warwickshire. His son 
Robert was knighted Feb. 2nd, 1674. He bore a conspicuous part as a 
Royalist during the civil wars, and raised a troop of horse at his own expense. 
King Charles II. paid him a visit at Newton, and scratched on a pane in the 
window of his dressing room, the words, ‘‘cras evo lux,” which, when tran- 
sposed, make ‘‘Carolus Rex.”? The pane disappeared rather more than 50 
years ago. 

Sir Robert and Lady Hardinge (occupants of the hall) were both buried in 
Melbourne Church. The date of Sir Robert’s burial being Nov. 29th, 1679. 

Sir Robert’s grandson, Nicholas, purchased the Manor of Canbury, near 
Kingston-on-Thames, in 1691. He was Recorder of Kingston, and died and 
was buried there, April 13th, 1758. 

The Hardinge Tombs in Melbourne Church were examined on the night of 
January 12th, 1860, in the presence of the Church Restoration Committee, but 
no coffins of Sir Robert or Lady Hardinge were found, as, up to the year 
1694, it was the custom to bury the bodies at Melbourne wrapped in woollen. 

John Hardinge of King’s Newton, eldest son of Robert Hardinge, and 
brother of Nicholas before mentioned, married Alice Coke, daughter of 
Colonel Coke, of Melbourne, and Mary Leventhorpe, daughter of Sir Thomas 
Leventhorpe, of Hertfordshire, in 1711. 

The Hardinges, like the Cokes, appear to have been a fine manly race ; and 
after leaving King’s Newton, many of them attained considerable eminence ; 
notably, George Hardinge, who was in command of the ‘‘San Fiorenzo,” of 
36 guns and 186 men, attacked a French vessel, ‘‘ La Piedmontaise,” of 56 
guns and 566 men, on three successive days. He fell just before the comple- 
tion of the capture of the vessel, on the 8th March, 1808. A monument to his 
memory was voted by the House of Commons, and was placed in St. Paul’s 
Cathedral. Viscount Hardinge, of King’s Newton, distinguished himself 
highly at Albuera, and was afterwards Governor General of India. At the 


Xxil REPORT. 


battle of Moodkee, in 1845, as second in command to Sir Hugh Gough, he 
contributed much to the winning of the battle, aud took a foremost part in the 
Sikh campaign on the Sutlej. 

The present Rear-Admiral Hardinge is a descendant of this family, and has 
seen much active service. 

The Coke family have never lived at this hall since it was in their possession. 
It has, during the past 60 years, or so been occupied by William Speechley, 
Francis Noel Clarke Mundy, Esq., Edward Abney, Esq., W. Jenney, Esq., 
Geo. Vandeleur, Esq., and finally by Robert Green, Esq., who was the tenant 
when the hall was burnt down on the night of the 17th April, 1859. 


KING’S NEWTON VILLAGE. 


The village belonged to the Crown in the reign of the Conqueror, 
Tradition says that Robin Hood was born at Chellaston, about 3 miles 
distant. In old ballads he was called the Earl of Huntingdon, and it would 
seem probable that a very large wood in the neighbourhood, known as the 
‘* Robin Wood,” was so called after his name. 

It is a matter of history that the Rebels, in their march towards the South 
of England, came as far as Swarkestone Bridge (about a mile distant), and 
sent a message to Melbourne that two thousand troops would be quartered 
there that evening. They béat a speedy retreat however on hearing that the 
Duke of Cumberland was crossing with a superior force from Lichfield to meet 
them. 

An inn in the village is known as the Packhorse Inn, and parts of the old 
Packhorse-road still exist and are in use. 

The foundations of an ancient cross are still to be seen at the junction of 
our roads in the village. The upper part of it is preserved at the adjoining 
house, belonging to P. Hubbersty, Esq. There is also a very old village well, 
called the Holy Well. On it is the following inscription, ‘‘FONS. sacer. 
hic . strvitor . ROBERTO . nominis HARDINGE 1662.” 

Several persons of considerable literary ability have lived here. Amongst 
others, Thomas Hali, a translator of Ovid, about 1640. Mrs. Green, Mr. 
Henry Orton, Mr. Kirke (the author of ‘‘ Thurstan Meverell”’), and last, not 
least, Mr. John Joseph Briggs, the author of ‘‘The History of Melbourne,” 
“Guide to Melbourne and King’s Newton,” ‘‘The Trent and other Poems,” 
and numerous contributions to the ‘‘ Field,” &c., as ‘‘ Naturalist.” 

To his works I am much indebted for many of the foregoing notes. 


May 8th, 1880. 


Proceeding from King’s Newton Hall, by way of the Holy 
Well and Ancient Castle, the party reached Melbourne Church, 


REPORT. Xxill 


where the Hon. Sec., at the request of Mr. Dashwood Fane, who 
had kindly prepared them, read the Notes which follow :— 


CASTLE. 


On the eastern side of the town, and of the road between the Railway Sta- 
tion and the Church, is the site of the Castle. 

Opposite to the eastern end of Potter Street is a door opening into a 
garden, within which may be seen a fragment of old wall covered with ivy, 
now the only standing remains of the Castle, the principal buildings of which 
stood to the southward of that part. 

A short distance to the northward is a long mound (now carrying a public 
footpath) which appears to have bounded the eastern side of the Castle Pool, 
now an orchard. 

The date of the erection of the Castle is not known. It was parcel of the 
Honour of Tutbury, and of the Duchy of Lancaster, and as such a royal 
possession. 

Leland (who travelled as “ Royal Antiquary,” 1533—1539) wrote ‘‘ Miel- 
burn Castille, a 2 miles from Dunnington, and is praty and in metely good 
reparation.” 

Camden (who travelled about 1580) wrote [according to Gough’s version, 
1806] ‘‘ not far from the Trent is Melbourn, a royal castle running to ruin, in 
which John Duke of Bourbon, taken at the battle of Agincourt (1415) 
was kept 9 [18] years in custody.” The duke died in 1433, the year of his 
release. 

In 1602, by order of Queen Elizabeth, a survey was made by the auditor of the 
Duchy of Lancaster. To it was attached a drawing of the Castle, from which 
an engraving was afterwards made, showing the Castle in a perfect state, with 
the Church in the background. 

James I. granted the Castle to Charles Howard, Earl of Nottingham, from 
whom it passed to Henry Hastings, Earl of Huntingdon, possessor also of 
Donington and Ashby Castles. It was suffered to fall into decay, and its 
destruction was perhaps hastened by injuries received in the contest between 
Charles I. and the Parliament. 


CHURCH. 


The Parish Church (St. Michael’s) is a cruciform structure, having a central 
and two western towers, a nave (63 ft. by 18 ft. 6 in.), north and south aisles 
(each 63 ft. by 9 ft. 6 in.), space under central tower (17 ft. 6 in. square), north 
and south transepts (each 30 ft. by 14ft. 6 in.), chancel (27 ft. 4 in. by 14 ft. 
9 in.), and west portico (44 ft. 9 in. by 9 ft. § in.) 

The nave is separated from each aisle by five stilted Norman arches, 20 feet 
high, resting on circular pillars 4 feet in diameter, on square bases, and sur- 


XX1V REPORT. 


mounted by arcades, in the outer walls of which are clerestory windows. The 
northern arcade has triplets of Norman arches within, and single Norman 
lights without. The southern arcade has a series of pointed arches in pairs, 
the easternmost a triplet within, and pointed lights in pairs without. 

The central tower has three tiers of Norman arches in each of its four walls, © 
the lower tier forming a passage round it ; hagioscopes remain in the north- 
eastern and south-eastern of its four piers, all of which are remarkably massive. 

There are obvious traces owtszde the Church that it had apses at the eastern 
end of the chancel, and at the eastern sides of the north and south transepts ; 
and that the chancel had an upper story, and a Norman arcade running round 
it between the two stories, of which a single arch remains on each side next 
to the tower ; and traces zzside that the chancel was divided into two stories, 
with a vaulted roof to the lower story. 

It has been conjectured that the upper story was the separate chapel of a 
religious community, who may have had access to it through a doorway (still 
apparent) at the eastern end of the south wall of the south aisle, and by the 
stairs in the south transept, and by the arcaded passages in that transept and in 
the south and east sides of the central tower. 

Another view may be that this upper story was the ‘* Church of St. Mary 
of Melbourne,” mentioned in early records. 

Curved portions of the chancel apse may be seen inside and outside the 
church ; and inside, portions of two of its Norman windows, with a side shaft 
of each of those two windows, now closed. 

When the apses were removed (date uncertain, but the engraving above 
referred to represents a square east end) the present obtusely-pointed five-light 
window was placed in the squared east end of the chancel, and the arches in 
the eastern sides of the transept and the Norman lights above them being 
closed, there were inserted in the north transept wall a square headed three- 
light window, and in the south transept wall a three-light decorated window, 
the latter of which is obviously made up of portions of two different windows, 
brought from elsewhere. 

The four square-headed three-light windows in each of the two aisles are in- 
sertions subsequent to the construction of those aisles. 

The lower portion of the central tower, having shafts at its external angles, 
retains its Norman character ; the upper portion was at some period removed, 
and the present belfry was substituted, in which four bells were placed. They 
bear the dates 1610, 1614, 1632, and 1732. 

In the south transept, in which is the organ (Bevington, 1860), are a 
recumbent effigy of a knight in armour, a tombstone bearing a floriated cross, 
and three alabaster tombstones of Hardinges, formerly of King’s Newton Hall 
(1613, 1670, and 1673), ancestors of the Viscounts Hardinge, of King’s 
Newton. 


REPORT. XXV 


In the north transept are memorials of the Cantrell family, long, and still 
of King’s Newton. 

In the chancel are hatchments, recording the deaths of William, 2nd 
Viscount Melbourne, (1848), First Lord of the Treasury; Frederick Lord 
Beauvale, 3rd and last Viscount Melbourne (1853) ; and of their brother, the 
Honourable George Lamb (1834); and their sister Emily (1869), wife of 
the 5th Earl Cowper, and afterwards of the 3rd and last Viscount Palmerston, 
First Lord of the Treasury. _ 

The fine Norman doorway in the west front, and those in the north and 
south aisles deserve notice ; also the ancient font under the south-west tower ; 
the carvings on the capitals of some of the piers ; and the portion of a text 
painted in fresco on the south wall of the chancel. 

A ‘‘restoration” of the church took place in 1860, at a cost of about 
£3000, under the direction of the late Sir Gilbert Scott. At that time the 
pyramids on the two western towers were erected ; porches were removed from 
the north and south doorways ; and the ‘‘vicar’s door” in the south wall of 
the chancel was closed. 

The bell frames having become decayed, it has recently become necessary 
to take down three of the bells, and they now stand under the north-west 
tower. An endeavour is being made to supply their places with a finer peal. 

In front of the western end of the Church are remains of very ancient 
buildings, probably part of the early possessions of the Bishop-Rectors of 
Melbourne. 


RECTORY AND VICARAGE. 


The Domesday Survey makes mention of a Priest, a Church and a Mill, in 
the King’s Manor of Milburne. 

A.D. 1133, Henry I. founded the Bishopric of Carlisle: one of its early 
endowments was the Parsonage of Melbourne. 

A.D. 1204, Pope Innocent ITI. nominated Benedict de Ramesey (Arch- 
bishop of Ragusa) to the Bishopric of Carlisle, and sent a special mandate for 
his admission to the Parsonage of Melbourne, to which King John gave effect. 
—Rot. Chart. 4 John. 

A Bishop of Carlisle (it is thought, Walter de Mauclerc, 1223—1246) 
erected a mansion here, near to the Church, and imparked a part of the 
adjoining lands ; and here the Bishops resided occasionally for some centuries, 
and sometimes held ordinations of priests for the diocese of Carlisle, during 
the inroads of the Scots in the neighbourhood of their palace in Cumberland. 

John de Halaughton, Bishop of Carlisle (1292— 1324) claimed the 
Parsonage of Melbourne, with Manorial rights: the Royal Commissioners 
admitted the former claim, but not all the latter. 

The Valor Ecclesiasticus (27 Henry VIII.) estimated the Rectory of 


XXvl REPORT. 


Melbourne, united with that of Chellaston, at £45 per annum, from which the 
Bishop had to pay 31s. 4d. to the Prior and Convent of Breedon (on the Hill). 

About 1629, the Right Honourable Sir John Coke, Knight (a younger 
member of the very ancient family of the Cokes of Trusley, in Derbyshire), 
being then one of the two Principal Secretaries of State, became lessee of the 
Rectory of Melbourne under the Bishop of Carlisle. The leasehold interest 
continued in his descendants till 1704, when, by agreement with the then 
Bishop of Carlisle, confirmed by Act of Parliament, the leasehold was 
converted into a fee-simple tenure in favour of his great-grandson, the Right 
Honourable Thomas Coke, M.P. for Derby, Vice-Chamberlain to Queen Anne 
and King George I. (1707—1727.) The property passed by the marriage of 
the daughter of Mr. Coke with Sir Matthew Lamb, Bart., to the descendants 
of that marriage, afterwards Viscounts Melbourne; and more recently by the 
marriage of the Honourable Emily Lamb with the 5th Earl Cowyer, to the 
present (7th) Earl Cowper, K.G, 

The Vicarage House, rebuilt about 1840, stands between the Church and 
the Great Pool—south-eastward from the former. 

The patronage of the Vicarage was vested in the Bishops of Carlisle till 
183—, when it was transferred to the Bishops of Lichfield. 


HALL AND GARDENS. 


The northern wall of the Hall is of the date 1629, having been rebuilt 
when the Rectory House of the Bishops of Carlisle was re-modelled, pur- 
suant to directions (still extant) in the writing of Sir John Coke, upon his 
becoming the lessee as before-mentioned. 

The eastern front (towards the Gardens) was built by Mr. Vice-Chamber- 
lain Coke about 1722, from a design (it is supposed) of Mr. Gibbs, the 
well-known architect, who was engaged about that time in works at All 
Saints’ Church, in Derby. 

The Gardens were formed by Mr. Vice-Chamberlain Coke. The ‘‘ Long 
Arbour ” (yew) is of earlier date. 

The Grotto, covering a mineral spring, has on a marble tablet the follow- 
ing lines by the Honourable George Lamb, viz. :— 


‘Rest, weary stranger, in this shady cave, 

And taste, if languid, of the mineral wave: 
There’s virtue in the draught, for Health, that flies 
From crowded cities and their smoky skies, 

Here lends her power to every glade and hill, 
Strength to the breeze and medicine to the rill.” 


The sculptured urn (in lead) in the southern part of the Gardens (called the 
Four Seasons) was a gift from Queen Anne to her Vice-Chamberlain. 
The alleys of lime trees radiating from the urn give views of ‘‘ Melbourne 


REPORT. XxXVi 


Parks,” the old embanked inclosure of which (and of adjoining lands) is still 
apparent, and bounds a grass drive about four miles in circuit. At its north- 
eastern angle is a depression, called in an early map ‘‘ Prince Robert’s 
[Rupert’s] Gap.” 

In the north-western angle of the Gardens is a ‘‘ Westeria” more than 70 
yards in length. 

Two of the terraces in the Gardens give views over the ‘Great Pool.” It 
has existed from a very early period, and was brought into its now highly 
ornamental state about thirty years ago under the superintendence of Mr. F. 
F. Fox, the present agent of Lord Cowper. On the further side of it is a 
grove, with walks laid out by the liberality of the owners of Melbourne Hall 
for the enjoyment of the public. 

A considerable stream, formed by those which pass through the deer parks 
of the Earl Ferrers (Staunton Harold) and Sir John Harpur Crewe (Calke 
Abbey), passes through the Great Pool, and issues from it partly at the Mill, 
whence it supplies the pools and some of the fountains in the Gardens, and 
partly by a picturesque rocky channel bounding the south and east sides of the 
Gardens. 

The hall contains portraits of James I., Charles I. and Henrietta Maria, 
Charles II. and Catherine of Braganza, James II., Anne and Prince George of 
Denmark, George I., Anne Hyde, Duchess of York; George Villiers, 1st 
Duke of Buckingham and his Duchess; Archbishops Abbott and Usher ; 
John, 2nd Duke of Argyll (Field Marshal and K.T.); Philip, 2nd Earl of 
Chesterfield ; Sir John Coke (Principal Secretary of State), Mr. Vice- 
Chamberlain Coke and his two wives, Sir Capel Bedell (in a Cavalier 
uniform), and many others. 


May, 1880. 


The party then proceeded to the Hall, where both gardens and 
house were thrown open to inspection, and the visitors were most 
hospitably entertained at tea by Mr: Fane. 

The next expedition was made on July 3rd to Norbury and 
Ashburne. Breaks conveyed the party from Derby to Norbury 
Church, where Mr. J. Chas. Cox explained the various objects of 
interest, drawing special attention to the ancient glass in the 
windows, and to the monuments in the chancel. The old Manor- 
house, close to the Church, was also thrown open by its occupier, 
and its interesting specimens of oak carving and panelled rooms 
inspected by the party. Luncheon was taken at the “Green Man” 
at Ashburne, after which the Vicar of Ashburne, the Rev. F. 


XXViil REPORT. 


Jourdain, conducted the party over the Church. Mr. Jourdain 
specially noted the reliquary of S. Oswald, which was found 
beneath the High Altar, and described, at length, the magnificent 
series of monuments belonging to the Cokayne and other families. 
The old Grammar School was next visited, and the School Charter, 
a beautiful specimen of illumination, exhibited, with various other 
objects of interest, by the Head Master, the Rev. A. D. Cope. 
Mr. Sleigh also read a paper on the old families of the neighbour- 
hood of Ashburne. The party, numbering over sixty, then 
adjourned to the Hall, where they were received, and most 
hospitably entertained at tea by Mr. and Mrs. Frank. 

A third expedition was made on the 11th of September to 
Haddon Hall and Bakewell. The party left Derby in saloon 
carriages attached to the 10-23 train for Rowsley, and walked to 
Haddon Hall, where they were received by Mr. Sleigh, who con- 
ducted them over the Hall, explaining the different points of 
interest, and directing special attention to the heraldry pourtrayed 
in the decorations of the rooms. By kind permission of the 
Duke of Rutland, K.G., the party lunched in the great Banquet- 
ting Hall. After luncheon the party was conveyed in Breaks to 
Bakewell Church, where they were received by the Vicar, the 
Ven. Archdeacon Balston, and conducted over the building, all 
the interesting features being most carefully pointed out to their 
notice. 

A Winter General Meeting of the Society was held on the 24th 
of November, when Mr. Alf. Wallis read a paper on the “ History 
of Printing in Derbyshire,” and exhibited some very interesting 
specimens of early printing, including the first copy of the 
Derby Mercury. The Hon. Sec. also read a paper by Mr. J. 
Chas. Cox, on the ‘‘ Fauna of Derbyshire, as illustrated by its 
place and field names.” 

It was intended to publish in this Volume of the Society’s 
Journal, a copy of the most ancient map of the County of Derby 
extant. Unfortunately, quite at the last moment, it was found to 
be impossible to re-produce the map as proposed, on account of 
its being coloured ; it was then too late to try other means. The 


REPORT. XXix 


Council have, therefore, been compelled to let the publication of 
this map stand over for a future volume; the coloured plates of 
the Ashburne glass were introduced in lieu of the map. 

Owing to the absence from Derby of Mr. W. H. St. John Hope, 
nothing has been finally settled respecting the wooden effigy 
belonging to All Saints’ Church; the matter, however, is not 
forgotten, and it is expected that some arrangement will now be 
speedily effected for the disposal of this most interesting effigy. 

The accompanying Balance Sheet shows the Society to be in a 
good financial position ; part of the sum in hand will be invested 
at once, in accordance with Rule VII. The Society has received, 
in exchange for its own Journal, various Journals of other 
Societies, and now possesses the following volumes, or parts of 
volumes :— 


1. The Journal of the British a ae eames Parts II. III. of Vol. 
Association fe . XXXVI. 


A Set of the Back Num- 
2. The Archzological Journal bers, Vol. XXXVL., and 


2 Parts of Vol. XX XVII. 


3. Proceedings of the Boney, of gs gah ai of 
Scotland : ws : Vol. for 1878-9. 


4. Sussex Archzeological Collections ei He Vol. XXX. 


5. Transactions of the Cumberland and West- 
moreland Antiquarian and Archzeological 
Society Kee 

6. Original Papers of the Norfolk and Norwich 
Archeological Society 


Vols. III. and IV. 


Part I., Vol. IX. 


7- Journal of the Somersetshire Archeological and Natural History Society. 
Views of the Gates of Norwich, by Robt. Fitch, F.S.A. 


9. Letters of Alderman Rev. Heyricke, of Leicester ; by Thomas North, 
F.S.A. 


10. Melton Mowbray Town Records, by Thomas North, F.S.A. 


The Society has also been presented with an ancient key; and 
with a specimen of pottery discovered when digging the foundations 
of Messrs. Crompton and Evans’ Bank. During the past year 
we have had to regret the removal by death of several of our 
_ Members, including three Vice-Presidents, and one Member of 


XXX REPORT. 


the Council. A few, who originally gave in their names but never 
paid any Subscription at all, we have struck off our Lists, and a 
very few have resigned ; our numbers to-day are, however, 347, 
against 298 at our last Anniversary, and the Council desires to 
congratulate the Society upon the result of its third year’s 
proceedings. 
ARTHUR COX, 
Hon. Sec. 
Mill Hill, Derby, 
January 12th, 1881. 


XXX1 


; a ‘IQS ‘HLZT AUVONY( 
“MONYNIVT FO ‘ONG ‘NOFT ‘ ‘NIVENOOd ‘f¢ 
‘TavoO SUNVE ‘0 suoutany | ‘ISQOHMNOW “L “H 
Seba punt pup poumunnyp 


O SI SIF 0 ¢l FSF 
0 0 (1) tape 2E Ta (OF) OST ‘sa0,T POUBAYNGT 

0 SL aa AEE eee eee MOREE eee HOO e eee Tee eee eee nena eee eeeee eens ooUBlBE 0 IZ AON eee eee renee eneee (p) OSS ‘saorjtsodmog OyUT 
DO MGR sees ae ke TOIyBIOdIO(F) Aqi9q. ‘9385.10 JT 0 aI SZL GL8L PUP SLI ‘300.7 s0UBIVUT, puw suorrtsodurog OUT 

‘“LNQOOOV LNUALSAA NI 
IL 61F Il SG 61F 
TCC Dea anor et Seiieasateahas we envatvoavedsckamechesNeenes eouveg 
0 ZI 0 eee Cee ee Cee ee CCCee re rer eer ee errr ire rrrre rr er eee errr i ees sua g 
0 ¥ id wee ee owe eter eeee eee ‘o” ‘aoresuedur0g ‘reoA-} [BAL quay Tl G 61 Anne eee eee eee ee tees tenes 6181 4818 raquieda(y ‘sonelRg 

“LNOOOOV NOILVAVOXE AWAY ATV 

OL 9 6967 ‘ OLD 696F 
Tle TRIG nena ae nee eee na npr an man ace secu sy seus es eouv[eg ji Ose oh2)) be SASS suneneravase SeresekssemarTOOO WOT ECT, Ulory OOUBTRY 
0 puny WOlyB.0jsay yedeyo 419039 0} FUBILD) 0 PIF 2 ata eer Coens eo ‘ ose. JLo] JO Jsosoqzuy 
6 oO” *S.78[NOATO) Suyug VA tele BR OG OT nas eer seer eeeeneeneccnees s[eumor gt Jo ayeg 
9 be a) NR OO ES [euror Suryuitg 0 8ST cIL oer eee eee eee Teer Cece e ey suondrzosqng pue 8907 s0uBaqU yy 
9 Tye L Renee een eeeenee oe sosuodx iy [eyuepiouy pus s098jS0q G Ll POL ee eee neee ee ee er ee 6L8T 48TE aroqu1990a(T ‘goun[eg 
‘p's FF ‘THOLIONTEXG 5 a *SLdI GO ay 


“LNNOOOV “IVYANSD 
‘0881 ‘ISIE UMANAIAC “SLNQOOOV AO LNAWALVLS 


“ALAIDOS AYOLSIH TVYNLYN ¥Y TVYOIDOTOWHOUV AYIHSAPGHAG 


i 


ERBYSHIKE JARCHEOLOGICAL 


AND 


NATURAL bistory BOCIETY. 


o=O20 


Fhe OW Ashburne families. 


By JOHN SLEIGH, J.P. 


Read before the Society at Ashburne, 3rd July, 1880. 


connected with Ashburne and its neighbourhood, and 
many of whose members doubtless lie mouldering into 
dust beneath us, but three or four—the Fitzherberts, Okeovers, 
Shirleys, and Cokaynes—I believe, still exist in the locality, or 
retain any portion of their ancient inheritance. The changes 
incidental to a new order of things, when the last relics of 
feudalism were swept away ; and the losses incurred in the Civil 
Wars, account for the breaking up of many estates. And, indeed, 
as says an old writer, “‘ The very dash of fire in the blood which 
made the old houses illustrious in days of action, made them also 
apt to ruin themselves when there was nothing to do.” Charles 
Cotton, the spendthrift poet-angler, married the heiress of the 
older line of the Beresfords ; and from him derives, through the 
VOL. 3 2 


2 THE OLD ASHBURNE FAMILIES. 


Lucys and Comptons, the present Duke of Devonshire. Sir 
William Fitzherbert represents another branch ; and, as showing 
that the ancient martial spirit which nerved the arm of the Agin- 
court hero, Thomas Beresford, who, with his sixteen sons and five 
daughters, sleeps his long sleep at Bentley, still distinguishes the 
race, I need but name Lord William Beresford, who has but 
lately won his V.C. in Zululand. Philip Kinder, the Derbyshire 
historian, speaks of Sir Anthony Fitzherbert, of Norbury, who 
died 1538, as having “ given life with law unto the common lawes 
of England, and in comparison put the codes with digest into a 
bag.” Mr. Okeover, a true type of a Saxon gentleman, is the 
~ chief of a family, lords of Okeover long previous to the conquest. 
Shirley was the common “cunabula,’ or cradle of the great 
baronial family of Shirley, Earls Ferrers ; and of the Ireton family, 
from whom descended the stern old Puritan general, Henry 
Ireton, who married my Lord Protector’s daughter Bridget, sate 
in judgment on unhappy Charles Stuart (who, by the way, was 
twice at Ashburne, lodging on one occasion at Mr. Cokayne’s, 13 
Aug., 1645), and died at Limerick, though buried in the Abbey, 
whence his body at the Restoration was ignominiously expelled and 
hung in chains at Tyburn. A John Cokayne was of Ashburne in 
the reign of King Stephen, and from him come down in stately 
succession numerous knights of the shire—Sir John Cokayne, 
Chief Baron of the Exchequer, ob. 1447 ; many doughty warriors 
—notably Edmund, slain on the King’s side at Shrewsbury 
(1404); and Sir Thomas, knighted by bluff old Hal at the 
slege of Tournay. It is bitterly to be regretted that at the 
time of the spoliation of this noble church in 1840, the original 
armour surmounting this knight’s tomb was sent away to the 
Hall as so much rubbish, and hitherto has not been recovered. 
Another Sir Thos. Cokayne, of Ashburne, who ob. 1592, was 
author of a “Shorte Treatise of Hunting, compiled for ye 
Delighte of Noblemen and Gentylmen.” In it he states, “ ffor 
this 52 yeares during which tyme I have hunted ye Bucke 
in sumer & ye hare in winter, 2 yeares only excepted. In the 
one having King Henry the 8th hys letters to serve in hys 


THE OLD ASHBURNE FAMILIES. 3 


Warres in Scotland, before his Majesty’s going to Bulleine. 
And in the other, King Edward the 6th hys letters to serve 
under Francis ye Earle of Shrewsburie, his Grace’s Lieu- 
tenaunte, to rescue ye siege of Haddington,” &c. Of 
the portrait of Sir Aston Cokaine, a satirical poet of no 
mean repute, zem. Charles I., several fine prints, engraved 
by different artists, are known. Mr. Geo. Edward Cokayne, 
Lancaster Herald, a representative, through his mother, one 
of the co-heiresses of the last Lord Cullen, has happily lately 
been able to recover at least a portion of the family possessions 
here. Lord Cullen, I may add, along with the Veres, Earls of 
Oxford, represented the old Salopian family of Trentham, who 
had a grant of Rocester Priory, awmo 1540. Thomas Cokayne, 
last heir male, 1672, joined with his father in the sale of ‘his 
fayre lordeshyppe of Ashburne,” to Sir William Boothby, of 
Broadlow Ashe. Of other families, time serves but for the very 
briefest notice. ‘The Adderleys have but lately sold their Thorpe 
property. Glover records 22 generations of the Alsops, of Alsop- 
le-Dale. Thomas Ashburne, D.D., born here, according to 
Fuller, in the reign of the 2nd Edward, was a great opponent of 
Wycliffe. An illegitimate son of Lord Audley, of Helegh, settled 
at “Ashburne-in-ye-Peake,” and the two co-heiresses of this family 
ultimately married two brothers Thorold, of Lincolnshire. Mr. 
Thomas Bainbridge, of Woodseat, purchased the manor of 
Rocester in 1778; and one of his sons, Philip, was killed in 
command of the 2oth Regiment of Foot, at the battle of Egmont- 
op-Zee, in 1799. Many of us remember his son Peter (who 
assumed, in 1832, the name of Le Hunt) as an active magistrate 
here ; and his daughter Harriet, married to Col. Robert Dale, of 
_ the 93rd Regiment, who, too, lost his life in the attack on New 
Orleans, in 1815. The Dales came from Lea Hall, in the neigh- 
bourhood of Ashburne, and have been long and _ honourably 
connected with the town and all its good works. Miss Dale Dolby, 
a direct descendant, still survives. The lordly Bassets, of Blore 
and Grindon, after inter-marrying with the Byrons, Brailsfords, 
Egertons, Okeovers, Fitzherberts, and Boothbys, ended in a soli- 


4 THE OLD ASHBURNE FAMILIES. 


tary heiress, whose second husband was William Cavendish, the 
renowned Duke of Newcastle. Boothby was originally a Lincoln- 
shire family, and the first baronet was described as of Broadlow 
Ash, in 1660. Ashburne has been prolific of minor bards ; and in 
Sir Brooke Boothby, father of the beautiful Penelope, we hail 
another poet and political writer. His sumptuous book, ‘Sorrows 
sacred to the memory of Penelope,” printed by Bulmer, in 1796, is 
rapidly becoming very scarce. Of the shameless way in which the 
tombs in the Bradburne chauntry or chapel were treated in the so- 
called restoration of 1840, Mr. Cox has spoken in not too indignant 
terms. A print, by Wright, is extant, of Sir Humphry’s monu- 
ment, with its arms and quarterings. Breretons, of Hurdlow, a 
younger branch of the great Cheshire house, may be traced back 
to the beginning of the 16th’century; the Buxtons, to one 
Aubricius de Buckstone, 16th Henry II., who died seized of 
lands in Lincolnshire ; Dakins, or Dakeyne, to one Robert, of 
Bigging Grange, whose son John married a daughter of the very 
ancient house of De la Pole, of Hertyngton, and of which 
Cardinal Pole was accounted no unworthy member. Sir Symon 
Degge, the great lawyer, and author of “The Parson’s Counseller,” 
one of the intended knights of the Royal Oak, lived at the old 
hall at Fenny Bentley. A wide-spread race were the Fernes of 
Parwich and elsewhere ; of whom Sir John Ferne, a noted herald, 
published, in 1586, the ‘‘ Blazon of Gentry,” and later on the 
“Glory of Generosity.” Sir John Gell’s Moorland Dragoons are 
believed to have had one or two skirmishes under the very 
shadow of the church. Another took place near Tissington in 
1644, in which the Royalists came to grief, and lost 170 prisoners 
(Major Mollanus, Gell’s German afer ego, commanded the 
Parliamentarians, and spurs connected with this passage of arms 
will be shown us at the Hall). His is a name of mark, since he 
harried both this and the adjoining county, garrisoned Chatsworth, 
Hassop, and Winfield, keeping ‘‘ diurnall makers ” (among the 
earliest instances of special correspondents) in his pay, at great 
cost, to record his glorious exploits; took Lichfield by storm 
in 1643, and was rewarded with a baronetcy and two years’ 


THE OLD ASHBURNE FAMILIES. 5 


imprisonment in the Tower—his estates being in the meanwhile 
confiscated—and finally, after this stormy and varied career, he 
died peacefully in his bed, and was buried at Wirksworth, 1671, 
zt. 78. His portrait and armour are still to be seen at Hopton. 
Towards the beginning of the 16th century, the Hurts, who again 
were connected with the Cokaynes, Beresfords, Fitzherberts, and 
Okeovers, were described as of Ashburne, lead merchants, and 
later on as of Casterne. Since the marriage of Nicholas Hurt, 
in 1670, with the heiress of Lowe, Alderwasley has continued to 
be their principal seat. Sir Andrew Kniveton, of a knightly 
family, being impoverished by the civil wars, had to sell Bradley 
and the greater part of the family inheritance. The last baronet 
was a gentleman-pensioner in William of Orange’s reign. Of this 
family was St. Loe Kniveton, the antiquary. From Thomas 
Levinge, who bought Parwich from the Cokaynes, circa 1600, 
great great-grandson of Thomas Levinge, living in Derbyshire, 
1431, descended Sir Richard Levinge, who was born at Leek, 
1656, Lord Chief Justice of Ireland, and Speaker of the Irish 
House of Commons, created a Baronet in 1704; and whose 
daughter Mary married Washington Shirley, second Earl Ferrers, 
father of Selina, Countess of Huntingdon, the friend and patron 
of Whitfield, the enthusiast. Oliver Meverell, living 5th King 
John, was the common ancestor of the Meverells of Throwley and 
Tideswell, which was obtained by marriage with the heiress of 
Daniell. Robert Meverell’s heiress, again, mated with Thomas, 
fourth Lord Cromwell and first Earl of Ardglass, whose son’s 
widow was Charles Cotton’s second wife. Erdeswicke describes 
Throwley as “a fair, antient house, and goodly demesne, being 
the seat of the Meverells, a very antient house of gentlemen, 
equalling the best in the shyre, though God hath not for two or 
three generations blessed their heyres with the best gifts of 
nature.” The descent of Meynell of Bradley is shown by Glover 
to be traceable to Gilbert de Mesnil, younger brother to Hugo de 
Grante Mesnil, Earl of Leicester, and a companion of the Con- 
queror. Lastly, from John Porte, a Chester merchant, circa 1580, 
descended the Ports of Ilam, and Sir John Porte of Etwall, 


6 THE OLD ASHBURNE FAMILIES. 


founder of Repton Hospital. The elder branch ended in an 
heiress, Catherine Port, who, by will dated 1722, and proved 
1725, devised Ilam to her kinsman, Rowe Newel, who thereupon 
took the name of Port. His sister, and heiress, married Burslem 
Sparrow, of Wolverhampton, whose son marrying the grand- 
daughter of Mr. Bernard Granville, of Calwich, reassumed the 
name of Port; and to the fact of his grand-daughter Frances 
Waddington becoming the wife of Baron Bunsen we are indebted 
for many pleasing reminiscences of this charming locality in her 
husband’s interesting memoirs. Amongst other names which 
crop up in the registers, in old deeds and pedigrees connected 
with the district, are:—Ballidon, Bancroft, Bateman, Birom, 
Blore (the topographer, born here 1764), Blount, Bonshrant 
(of Thorpe), Browne, Corden, Carter, Chatterton, Chauncey, 
Coke ve/ Cooke, Doxey, Edensor, Etches, Fowne or le Fun of 
Yeaveley, Goodwin (an old Jaw family), Grammer, Graves (author 
of the too-little read “Spiritual Quixotey” which he wrote at 
Tissington), Greaves (of Beeley, Mayfield and Bradley), Hanson, 
Hartshorne, Hayne, Hieron (the honest Nonconformist), Kirkland, 
Longford, Lovell, Lee (of Lady-hole), Ley (of Mathfield), Manlove, 
Millward (of Bradley), Monjoye, Owfield (founder of almshouses, 
1630), Pegge, do., Riddlesden, Sadlier, Savage (of Tissington), 
Spalden (who founded the Clergymen’s Widows’ Almshouses in 
1710), Stopford, Taylor, Topleys, Vernon (?), Wise. 


a ce 


THOMAS HURT, or AswRuRNE-IN-YE-PEAKE, = = 
| 


Z 
bo William Hurt, of Ashburne.=Joan, dau. of Leigh, of Mathfield, Miles Hurt, of Ashburne,= Rolph Hurt. 
ta) | co, Staff. and Kniyeton, co. Derb. = 
53 A A 
es (The h of this line ma: a Byron, cir. 1650.) ! Ancestor of H, of Bristol. 
Oi) 
ae : 
= 7 
ae Thomas Hurt, e. s. and h. Roger Hurt, of Casterne, =Edith, dau. of John Cokayne, 
oF = co. Staff., gen. of Baddesley-Ensor, co, Warkwk : 
og A ob. 1589. 
Ho (a quo, Hurt of Kniveton.) 
6A | 
Ef ] 1588. 
oo Nicholas Hurt, of Blore, co. Staft., Ao. Di. 1612,=Hellen, dau. of John Beresford, of Newton-Grange ; 
a n. 1567, ob. 1642. by Mawde ffitzherbert, ux ejus, ob. Ao. 1600. 
<< 
Tana 
Thomas Hurt, =Dorothy, dau of Alsope, Roger Hurt, of Casterne, gen.,=Frances, dau. of Edmund Brudenell, 2 sons 
0, S. p. | deco. Derb. (of lam, 7 Mch., 1665 ) of Stanton-Wyvile, co. Leicester, esq. and 3 daus. 
Vv ob. czrca@ 1667. 
| | | | | 1653. mo 1658 
Nicholas Hurt,=Isabella, dau. John Hurt, Thomas Hurt, Dorothy,=Thos. Adshead,  Anne,=Thomas Rudyerd, John Port, =Constance, = Ralph 
ofCasterne,esq. | of Sir Henry of Uttoxeter. of I!am, Hurt. of Milwich, sep; | of Rudyerd, esq. of Ilam, a Hurt. Okeover, 
(ofllam,7 Mch, | Harpur (who = 1665. co. Staff. Leek, sep : Leek, 31. Captain of of Okeover, 
1665.) Sep., | ob, 1638,) of A = 18. July, 1684. Inft. in n. 22 Mch., 
Mam, 7 Feb. | Calke, co. ND eae > Sep., bello civili. 1632. 
1676 Derby. Anne Adshead,=George Jacson, M.D, 1654. W W 
| Ist. bart. g:s.d.and h.? | of Derby, n. 1646, Ux. 1 
ob. 1699. 
Thomas Rudyerd, of Rudyerd, Jun., 20th in 
unbroken male descent from Golferus, lord of 
Rudyerd, time of Canute ye Dane. 
©. V. p. et S. ps 
| | 1721. | 1721. ih 2. 
George Jacson,=Grace vel Joyce, Roger Jacson,=Fiances, Symon Jacson,=Mary, Dorothy,=John Gisborne, Charles Hinton, = Anne J.=James 
M.A., Vicar of | dau. of John M.B. dau.and of Chester. sister n. 1675. of Derby, of Lichfield, | Gisborne, 
Leek,co.Staff., | Hollyns, of Moss- n. 1687. co-h. of — n. 1691, of n. 1675. Esq., vir I. M.A., 
n. 1682, | ley, co. Staff, 0.8.p.,1743. | Col. John ob, 1739. Hugh Will dated 22 Rector of 
ob. 1719. | n. 4 Feb., 1693, Shalerosse, | Poole, M.A., July, 1742. W/ Staveley, 
ob, 1738. of Shalcrosse, Rector of A co. Derb. 
| co. Derb., Bebington, Preb. of 
| Anne Jacson, s. d, and h., by ae a Aas Pal. Cest. ea 
ob, innupta, Staveley, 1749. dau. of Sir John p: 3 an; 
wpta, Staveley, 1749 | peree! 1688; ob. 
Harden, co. 7 Sep., 
| Cest., Knt. 1759, wt 
V 70. 
Francis Gisborne, M.A., for 60 years Thomas ae M.D., Fellow of St. 
Rector of Staveley ; ob. 20 July, 1821. John’s, Cantab. Phys. to King and 
(An immense benefactor to ye poor of President, Coll. Phys. ; ob. ceelebs, at 
Derbyshire.) Romeley Hall, 1806. 
| 1670. | A 
Nicholas Hurt, of Casterne,=Elizabeth, dau. and h. of John Lowe, Elizabeth Hurt, =John Sleigh, of Ashburne, Other issue. 
and of Alderwasley, jure uxoris. of Alderwasley, co. Derb., esq. md, Ashburne, | gen (q: sep., Leek, 23 
Sep., Ilam, Ao, 1711. ob, 1714. 23 Mch., 1684-5. Dec., 1728 ?) 
N 
(20 = ts | ta oe ‘ 
Francis Sleigh, Elizabeth Sleigh, e. d. and ult, ¢o-h, Anne Sleigh, = William Chauncey, M.D., Mary Sleigh, 
ob. infans, q. ux. Benjamin Pye, TDi 2nd dau, and co-h. | of Ashburne, dead ante 0.5. p 
Archdeacon of Durham and a poet ? md. Alstonfield, 1758. 
} 30 Dec,, 1708. 
| : | | 
Charles Chauncey, a Captain in ye Army, Frances Chauncey,=Thomas Lawrence. M.D., of St. Clement-Danes, Mey ae oer 
1750 " E 


8 Aug., 1758. living 1758 i in ye city of Westminster. 


Proceedings tw the Court of Exchequer 
respecting the Chatsworth Building Accounts. 


TRANSCRIBED FOR THE D. A. and N. H S., 
BY Weve. ELAR) JF. SoA. 


To the Right Honourable Henry Boyd 


Termino Pasche esqre Chancellor and Undertreasurer of 
Anno primo her Majesties .Court of Exchequer at 
regni Domine Westminster, Sir Edward Ward Knight 
Regine Anne. Lord Chief Baron of the said Court, and 


the rest of the Barons there. 

Derey. | Humbly complaining sheweth unto your honours your 
Orator William Duke of Devonshire, Debtor and 

Accomptant to her Majestie as by the Records of this honourable 
Court and otherwise doth appear That Whereas your Orator in or 
about the month of February which was in the year of our Lord 
God One thousand six hundred eighty nine having an intent 
and purpose to pull down part of his your Orators Mansion 
House of and at Chatsworth in ye County of Derby and to 
rebuild the same in another manner and form as should be 
most advisable and to make other works and buildings there 
of which your Orator’s intention Benjamin Jackson then of 
Grave in the County of Nottingham Mason, Henry Lobb of 


_ the parish of St. James Westminster in the County of Middx 


Joyner, John Creswell of Retford in ye said County of Nottingham 
Carpenter, Thomas Young of ye said Parish of St. James 
Westminster Carver, John Apprice then of the said parish of 


8 CHATSWORTH BUILDING ACCOUNTS. 


St. James Westm™ house painter since deceased, John Cock 
of the said parish of St. James Westmins’ Plumber and Henry 
Margetts of ye parish of St. Martin in the fields in ye sd 
County of Middlesex Plaisterer, having notice the one from ye 
other or otherwise they the said Benjamin Jackson, Henry 
Lobb &c. did apply themselves to your Orator and did request 
your Orator to employ each and every of them apart in such 
part and parts of ye sd intended new building and workes as 
related to his respective Art and trade and thereupon and 
in order thereunto your Orator and the said several Tradesmen 
and Artificers after several treaties thereupon came to an 
agreement touching ye same which Agreement was put into 
writing by certain Articles Octopartite indented bearing date 
the twelfth day of February in the first year of the Reign of 
our late most gracious sovereigns Lord and Lady King William 
and Queen Mary of Blessed Memory and made between your 
Orator of the first part the sd Benjamin Jackson of the second 
part the said Henry Lobb of the third part the said John 
Creswell of the fourth part, the said Thomas Young of the fifth 
part, the sd John Apprice of the sixth part, the sd John Cock 
of the seventh part, and the said Henry Margetts of the eighth 
part, wherein and whereby the said Benjamin Jackson &c for 
the considerations in the said Articles and hereinafter mentioned 
Did thereby severally and not jointly nor the one for the other 
covenant and agree to and with your Orator to complete and 
finish the particular work of his own particular and respective 
trade aforesaid of and belonging to the great building next the 
garden and Hall front in the Inner Court and Rooms over called 
the Queen of Scots apartment with the great stone Staires of and 
for your Orator situate and being at Chatsworth in the County 
of Derby according to the direction of Mr. William Talman 
Surveyor thereof by or before the nine and twentieth day of 
September next ensuing the date of the sd Articles (except 
some Ornaments which might then happen to be unfinished 
that might not hinder the furnishing thereof nor your Orators 
inhabiting therein) and also with such expedition as that the 


:, 
4 
= 


CHATSWORTH BUILDING ACCOUNTS. 9 


work of any other of the said parties or tradesmen aforesaid 
might not through his particular neglect or default be hindered 
the doing thereof So as that the Land carriage and other 
materials to be provided by your Orator according to former 
agreements should be accordingly done at seasonable time 
In consideration whereof. your Orator did thereby Covenant 
and agree to and with the said Jackson, Lobb &c. and to and 
with every one of them severally and distinctly that he your 
Orator should and would pay or cause to be paid unto them 
the sd Jackson, &c or their respective executors or assigns 
the sum of Two thousand pounds within three months next 
after the date of the said Articles to be proportioned and 
divided' among them answerably to their respective debts or 
works undertaken and according to the direction of the said 
Wm. Talman and that your Orator should and would on or 
before the fifteenth day of July then next ensuing the date 
of the said Articles find and provide the further sum of £2,000 
to be by the said William Talman paid to the said parties 
by such portions and payments and answerable to their respective 
debts and works as to him should seem reasonable And further 
that when and so soon as the sd several work or works should 
be done and finished as aforesaid your Orator his heirs and 
assigns should order and appoint Sir Christopher Wren knight 
and the said Wm. Talman or such other person or persons as 
they should nominate and appoint to value and apprise all 
such work and works then done and to be done by the said 
parties as aforesaid (except what work was or should be otherwise 
agreed for). And that what sum or sums of money the said 
Sir Christopher Wren and William Talman or such person or 
persons to be by them nominated as aforesaid should appraise 
and value the said work or works to (except as aforesaid) 
your Orator his heirs or assignes should pay and satisfy unto 
the said respective parties or tradesmen their respective executors 
or assignes and that the said several Tradesmen parties to the 
said Articles should with such appraisement valuation and 
payment be satisfied for the same. And it was further agreed 


10 CHATSWORTH BUILDING ACCOUNTS. 


by and between your Orator and the said Artificers and 
Tradesmen in and by the said Articles that if default of 
payment of both or either of the sums of Two thousand 
pounds as aforesaid should happen to be made Contrary to 
the true intent and meaning of the said Articles it should and 
might be lawful to and for the said several workmen partyes 
to the said Articles to desist from further prosecution of their 
said works and that their said several works should then be 
valued as before in and by the said Articles was mentioned or 
to that effect as in and by the said Articles duly executed &c. 
may appear. And your Orator further sheweth that in pursuance 
of the sd Articles the said Jackson &c. did severally apply 
themselves unto the said intended building and works and 
did for some time observe the said Articles but they did 
very much neglect the same and especially the said Jackson 
did very much neglect his part in the pulling down of the old 
and erecting and carrying on the said new intended building and 
did not employ therein such a competent number of Masons 
and workmen as might in probability have carryed on and finished 
the said Masons work of the said Building by the time in the 
Articles prefixed and many times employed therein few or no work- 
men at all by great spaces of time together. And although your 
Orator did pay the said several sums of £2,000 a piece 
according to the said Articles or at least to the content of 
all the said workmen, yet did they not finish the said new 
building and work but greatly neglected and slighted the same 
to your Orator’s great wrong and damage and for want thereof 
your Orator’s said house became and was not habitable for 
a long space of time together. And your Orator further 
sheweth that the said workmen and tradesmen or many of 
them severally Continued to work upon and about the said 
building at certain times as they pleased by the space of 
several years together ending in or about the month of 
[ ] in the year [ | And for such their said work they 
themselves did severally set down and demand several rates 
prices and sums of money as to themselves seemed meet for 


; 
| 
‘ 
| 


CHATSWORTH BUILDING ACCOUNTS. If 


their respective works without consulting any other person 
thereupon which rates and prices were and are very unreason- 
able and excessive for which cause and reason your orator did 
often desire the said Sir Christopher Wren and Mr. Talman 
to view and value the said building and works thereupon as 
by the said Articles was intended, but the said Sir Christopher 
Wren and Mr. Talman did wholly forbear omit or neglect -so 
to do, but on the contrary they did, at the request of the 
said workmen and confederates hereinafter named, appoint 
certain persons altogether unknown to your Orator and who 
lived in and about London and were wholly and entirely 
strangers in the said County of Derby where the said work 
was done and where workmen and labourers are employed and 
paid and buildings and other works erected and done at much 
less than half the wages rates and prices allowed and paid in 
and about London to measure and value the said several 
works which said persons so employed did take upon 
them to view and value the said buildings and works made 
and done by the said Jackson &c. and the labourers and 
workmen by them employed therein without having any respect 
to the cheapness of that Countrey in those respects and did 
value the same even as the said Jackson &c. had set down 
and valued the same and at as full rates as if the said 
building &c. had been done in or about the City of London 
where workmen’s wages materials buildings and works of that 
nature are at least double in value to the like in the County 
of Derby and without any such abatements as ought to have 
been made and particularly in respect of the materials of the 
said Old building used and employed by them in the said new 
building, all which ought to have been considered and abated for. 


Further sheweth that several of the said tradesmen and work- 
-men did make several new and other contracts with your 
_Orator touching several works in and about the said new 


building at Chatsworth which being privately made between 


_ your Orator and them they have valued as done in pursuance 


of the said articles when they were not so done, but done 


12 CHATSWORTH BUILDING ACCOUNTS. 


upon the said private agreements and therefore ought not 
to be brought within the compass thereof or valued accordingly 
but Orator has no deeds or writings containing such agree- 
ments, but the said tradesmen and workmen have the same in 
writing and your Orator prays that they may set forth the 
same. And your Orator sheweth that the said tradesmen and 
workmen do pretend and give act in speeches that the said 
Sir Christopher Wren hath settled and adjusted their demands 
which if he hath he did the same without any view thereof 
and only upon the view and by the information of persons 
unknown to your Orator who made the said view and valuation 
exparte and therefore your Orator ought not to be bound 
thereby Howbeit your Orator upon the request and impor- 
tunity of the said Tradesmen hath paid them at least £30,000 
which said sum doth exceed all monies due to them upon a 
just and reasonable rate And your Orator hath often offered 
and proposed to the said Jackson &c. that if they would refer 
their works to a view and valuation to be made by the said Sir 
Christopher Wren he your said Orator would be at the charge 
thereof or if they would refer the same unto persons apt and 
fit for the purpose to be appointed indifferently between your 
Orator and them that your Orator would agree to stand 
to and abide such judgement as such persons should give 
thereupon or as any umpire to be chosen by them the said 
intended arbitrators should make and give in that behalf And 
your Orator did not only propose the same but caused a bond 
in order to such arbitration to be drawn and tendered to the 
said tradesmen and workmen to be executed each to other to 
abide such end or award as should be thereupon made all 
which the said tradesmen and workmen did utterly refuse and 
deny to consent and agree to well knowing that the demands 
and prices by them made were very unreasonable and excessive. 
And your Orator doth shew and aver in fact and not doubt 
but to prove that your Orator having since the said building 
and work so sat up made and performed as aforesaid to wit 
about one year last past and so forward your Orator hath 


CHATSWORTH BUILDING ACCOUNTS. 13 


had and hath the like or better building and work done in 
and upon the West side of his said house for near half the 
rates prices and values as were so sat down and demanded 
by the said workmen and tradesmen aforesaid and some works 
and ornaments made there at less than a fourth part of what 
they sat down for the like whereby and for which cause and 
experience thereof as well as by and upon the views and 
valuation of diverse tradesmen and workmen skilful therein 
your Orator hath been and is credibly informed and_ hath 
just cause to conceive and believe that he your Orator hath 
paid the said Jackson &c. much more money than upon 
a just and due valuation their respective works aforesaid 
came or would amount unto and which overplus they ought 
to refund and restore unto your Orator But now so itis May 
it please your honours that the said tradesmen and workmen 
do insist that by the letter of the said articles it being 
expressed that the rates and prices of the said works should 
be set by the said Sir Christopher Wren and Wm Talman 
or such other person or persons as they should nominate 
to value and appraise the same and that what money the said 
Sir Christopher Wren and William Talman should appraise your 
Orator would pay to the said Tradesmen, & the said Jackson &c. 
insisting that Sir Christopher Wren & Talman did accordingly 
pursuant to the said articles though without your Orator’s 
direction or privity nominate and appoint one Peirse and Strong 
and also one Davis and Gibson to value and appraise the said 
works and that such persons did though without any order or 
appointment for that purpose from your Orator take upon them 
to value and appraise the same which valuation and appraisement 
thereof they the said confederates do allege and pretend they 
have and that the same doth far exceed all monies paid or 
received by the said tradesmen for their said works from or 
by order of your Orator (though in truth the said confederates 
never showed or gave your orator any particular account of 
such pretended valuation or appraisement as aforesaid but do 
conceal the same from your Orator so that your Orator is not 


14 CHATSWORTH BUILDING ACCOUNTS. 


able to set forth or shew and make exceptions to the particulars 
of such valuation and, appraisement as aforesaid as occasion 
might be given). Howbeit the said confederates combining 
plotting and contriving amongst themselves and with other 
the unknown persons aforesaid and with Elizabeth Apprice 
widow executrix or administratrix of the said John Apprice 
the said John Apprice being since dead how and by what 
means they the said confederates may gain share extort and 
divide to and amongst themselves great sums of money of 
and from your Orator for their said works and the said 
pretended valuation and appraisement thereof they the said 
confederates did agree that the said workmen and tradesmen 
should severally commence and prosecute their suits respectively 
for the moneys so supposed to be due to them respectively 
for the said work and works and in pursuance thereof the said 
Jackson and Lobb in particular have already commenced their 
respective actions or suits in the Office of Pleas in the Court 
of Exchequer at Westminster against your Orator to wit the 
said Jackson hath commenced his action of covenant against 
your Orator upon the said articles and hath declared thereupon 
and thereby counts for £15,000 supposed to be due to him 
upon the said articles and hath likewise commenced and declared 
in the said Court upon an action upon the case for £15,000 
damages for the said work by him pretended to be done 
although the said Jackson knoweth as the truth is that he 
hath received for his said work in the whole near 412,000 which 
far exceeds the true and reasonable value thereof, and the said 
Lobb hath likewise declared against your Orator in the said 
Court in an action of covenant for #6000 pretended to be 
due to him for the said work by him done albeit he hath 
received near #5000 for his said work which exceeds the true 
value thereof and the said parties have laid their actions in 
London and Middlesex respectively which City and County 
are both above one hundred miles from Chatsworth in Derbyshire 
where all the works by them done and for which they bring 
their actions were done and where all or most of your Orators 


e 
CHATSWORTH BUILDING ACCOUNTS. 15 


Witnesses do live so that if the said causes should proceed to 
trial either in London or Middlesex your Orator would inevitably 
be [ | thereby and under great difficulties if not 
impossibilities of having his witnesses to attend the same And 
your Orator is advised by his Counsel and doth humbly conceive 
that in order to a just and moderate value of the said works 
it may be absolutely necessary that the juries respectively by 
whom the said causes should be tried should view the said 
works which is not to be reasonable expected to be taken 
by a jury or juries of London or Middlesex In tender 
consideration of all and singular the premises And for that 
that your Orator can have no relief in and upon the premises 
and such the confederates dealings and doings of the said 
confederates at and by the rules of the common law for that 
that if it should appear to be true in fact that the said Sir 
C. Wren and W. Talman did nominate and appoint one or 
more person or persons to value and appraise the said works 
and that that person or those persons did take upon them to 
value and appraise and did value and appraise the same accord- 
ingly at rates and prices far above the true value thereof and at 
exorbitant and excessive rates and though the same were corruptly 
and deceitfully done yet your Orator is advised by his Counsel 
that in that case by rule of law your Orator will be bound thereby 
by the letter of the said Articles be their valuation and appraise- 
ment never so excessive unequal and even corrupt nor can or will 
your Orator be permitted by the rules of law to make any 
exception to such valuation and appraisement though the same 
were never so unjust and corrupt nor can your Orator obtain to 
have the said causes tried in the said County of Derby where 
a view may be had and your Orator may have the benefit of 
his evidence and witnesses touching the premises nor can your 
Orator compel the said Confederates to give and deliver unto 
your Orator a particular and true account of their works 
demands rates and appraisements so done made and set as 
is and are pretended but by the aid equity and justice of this 
Honourable Court Wherefore to the end that the said con- 


] 
« 


16 CHATSWORTH BUILDING ACCOUNTS. 


federates may true answer make to all and singular the 
matters allegations and things charged upon them of in and 
by this bill and may set forth confess and discover the truth 
thereof and touching the same in all respects as fully and 
particularly as if they were repeated by way of interrogation 
And may in particular set forth and discover the said Articles 
and all other agreements that they or any of them made with 
your Orator touching and concerning the said building and the 
full and true effect and contents thereof and their full and 
whole demands thereupon or by reason thereof and what 
sum or sums of money they or any of them their or any of 
their agents workmen or assigns had or received of or from or 
by the order or in the behalf of your Orator and when and of 
whom in particular and what account they took and kept 
thereof for or in respect of the said building and their work- 
manship thereupon or in reference thereto and to the end that 
the said confederates may come to a just and fair account 
with your Orator in and upon the premises and may show 
cause if they can why they shall think fit to prosecute their 
actions at law upon the said articles or otherwise touching the 
said work the same ought not to be tried in Derbyshire where 
the said work was done and may be viewed and valued 
and why they ought not as the case is and why they have 
refused to have their said works indifferently valued and 
adjusted otherwise than by the persons above supposed 
in that behalf. And to the end and intent that the 
said confederates may come to a just and fair account with 
your Orator in and upon the matters premised and that their 
suits at law may be stayed or at leastwise that the same may 
be tried in Derbyshire and that your Orator may be at liberty 
to give in evidence such matters touching the said confederates 
said works and demands as may properly relate thereunto and 
as in equity and conscience he ought notwithstanding the said 
articles or any valuation thereupon as aforesaid And that your 
Orator may be relieved in and upon all and singular the 
premises as shall be just and most agreeable with equity and 


} 
CHATSWORTH BUILDING ACCOUNTS. Fi 


good conscience, May it please your honours to grant unto 
your Orator process of subpena or subpenas to be directed to 
the said Benjamin Jackson, Henry Lobb, Thomas Young, 
John Cock, Henry Margetts, Sir Christopher Wren, William 
Talman, [ ] Peirse, [ ] Strong, Davis, 
[ ] Gibson, Elizabeth Apprice, and other their 
confederates when discovered commanding them and every of 
them at a certain day and under a certain pain therein to be 
limited personally to be and appear before your Honours in 
this Honourable Court then and there to answer all and 
; singular the premises and further stand to and abide such 
further order direction and decree therein as to your honours 
shall.seem meet and most agreeable with equity and good 


conscience. 
And your Orator shall pray &c.* 
T. PARKER. 
Fiat processus 


Edw. Wood. 


The severall answer of Benjamin Jackson one of 

the Defendts. to the Bill of complt. of the most 

noble Willm. Duke of Devonshire Complt. 
This Defendant now and at all times hereafter saving to 
 himselfe all and all manner of advantage and exceptions to the 
_ manifold incertainties and insufficiencies in the complts. said 
bill of Complt. contained for answer thereto or to so much 
thereof as anywise concernes this Defendant to make answer 
unto he answereth and saith That he believes it to be true 
that his Grace the complt. having a purpose to pull downe and 
rebuild his house in Derbyshire in the Bill mentioned was 
Sollicitous to get able and good workemen and artists of all 
rts to doe the same And his said Grace residing in and 
bout London was pleased amongst others to send by Mr. 
Tallman his Surveyor (as this Defendt. doubteth not to prove) 
to treat and agree with this Defendt. for performance of the 


Masons and Carvers worke in Stone which was to be done in 
3 


18 CHATSWORTH BUILDING ACCOUNTS. 


the said intended Building and having also agreed with other 
the workemen in the Bill named such articles octopartite dated 
the 12th day of February in the first yeare of the Reigne of 
our late sovereign Lorde and Lady King William and Queen 
Mary were entered into and executed as in the Bill is sett forth 
for the more certainty wherein this Defendt. refers himselfe to 
the same Articles one part whereof under the hand & seale of 
the Complt. is in this Defendts. custody ready to be produced 
unto this Honble. Court And one other part (as this Defendt. 
verily beleives in the hands of his Grace the Complt. And 
this Defendt. further saith That he this Defendt. in pursuance 
of the said Articles did for his part with all diligence apply 
himselfe to the discharge of his duty in performance of -what 
he had undertaken and covenanted to performe and did carry 
and take from London into Derbyshire very many artists and 
workmen which from time to time he imployed in the said 
worke and did noeway neglect the same on his own account 
or on his part either in the pulling downe of the old or erect- 
ing or carrying on of the new intended Building in the said 
Bill mentioned But this Defendt. doth confess That through 
his Graces the complts. not makeing good his payments accord- 
ing to his agreements (and on noe other acct.) this Defendt. 
was sometimes disabled to pay his workemen who were very 
often 150 and upwards (as this Defendt. doubts not but to 
prove) and such a competent number as might in all pro- 
bability have carryed on and finished the Masons work and 
said Building by the time in the said Articles prefixed had his 
Grace the Complt. supported this Defendt. with due and just 
payments according to his Articles to enable him to have 
made good his payments to his said workmen And this 
Defendt. further saith that for want of the complts. making 
good payments he this Defendt. was often hindered in his 
worke and forced to goe to London to raise money by his own 
interest and creditt and did raise and lay out of his owne 
money very great summes to carry on the said worke And 
this Defendt. doth deny that the Complt. did pay or cause to 


CHATSWORTH BUILDING ACCOUNTS. 19 


be paid the severall summes of 2000/7. according to the said 
Articles or at least to the content or satisfac . . . all 
the workmen as in the Bill is pretended But this Defendt. 

doth agree that the said new building and workes were not 
finished att the time limitted by the Articles but saith the 
same was occasioned by the complts. not paying and advancing 
money according to his agreements (as this Defendant doubts 
not but to prove) and not . . . . any neglect or slight 
of this Defendt. or through this Defendts. default or through 
any neglect or slight of any’ of the other workmen (to the 
knowledge or beleife of this Defendt. But this Defendt. saith that 
he was beyond measure damaged as well by undergoing the 
disgrace damage and expence of frequent arrests by those under- 
workemen that he had imployed in the said worke as by the 
hindrance he otherwise underwent in his affaires and business 
and exhausting all his money and creditt in that service for want 
of due payments And this defendt. doth deny that he continued 
to work upon or abt the said building only att certaine times 
as he pleased or that he neglected the same other than through 
the default of the complt. as aforesd in not making good his 
payments according to the said Articles or that this Defendt. 

did set downe or demand severall or anygates or prizes which 
were or are unreasonable or excessive as in the Bifl is pretended 
but on the contrary this Defendt. saith he doubts not but to prove 
(as the truth is) That he well performed his parte of the said 
worke to the good likeing of the said Complt. and in good time 
And that after his performance thereof Two persons (vizs.) 


__ Edward Strong, Mason, and Edward Peirce, Mason and Carver, 


(men of great creditt skill and judgement in their respective 
occupations [ ] and good judges of the well performance of 
the said work were pursuant to the said Articles with the 
approbacion of his said Grace and by the appoinctment of Sr. 
Christopher Wren and Mr. Talman in the Bill named) sent downe 


_ from London to Chatsworth to value and appraise the same And 


one Thomas Webb [ ~ | was [ ] like approbacion 
of his Grace) alsoe sent downe with the said Strong and Peirce 


20 CHATSWORTH BUILDING ACCOUNTS. 


to Measure the said worke which was by them respectively 
according to their respective trusts measured computed valued 
and appraised (wt 35/2. for digging foundacions) at the summe 
of 10428/.: 03s.: 11d. with which appraisement his Grace was 
soe well satisfyed (as this defendt. doubts not but to prove) as 
that he did pay the said Mr. Webb and Mr. Strong the summe of 
Seven pounds a piece towards their said Jorney or Trouble And 
this Defendt. doth deny that the said Sr. Christopher Wren and 
Mr. Talman or either of them did (to the knowledge or belief 
of this defendt.) by the nominacion request or -direccion of the 
said Workmen or of this defendt. att any time nominate or 
appoint any person or persons whatsoever (other than the said 
persons which were approved of by the complt.) so as aforesd 
to measure or value the said workes or that the said persons 
who measured and valued the same did rate the same even as 
this Defendt. and the other persons in the Bill for that purpose 
mencioned had sett downe and valued the same or att as full 
prizes as if the said work had been done abt London but att 
such rates and prizes only as were reasonable and faire (making 
abatement and allowance for the old materialls) and which was 
afterwards seemingly well approved of by the Complt. and that 
the complt. was so well pleased with defendts. performances in 
this his said Articled work as that he afterwards imployed this 
defendt. in other workes of the same kind about the said house 
and came to such new Agreements touching the same as are 
hereinafter sett forth and mencioned which this Deft. did 
accordingly undertake and performe according to their said 
respective new agreements And this Defendt. saith that he hath 
in the first schedule hereunto annexed (which he maketh and 
humbly prayeth may be accepted and taken as part of this his 
answer) sett forth a true account (to the best of this Defts. 
knowledge & beliefe) of all the work done by him & his 
workmen in pursuance of the sd Articles octopartite according 
to and with the valuation & admeasuremt thereof by the 
sd Peirce Strong & Webb with the privity and approbacion of 
Compit. And this defendt. saith that true itt is he did con- 


CHATSWORTH BUILDING ACCOUNTS. 21 


tinue in the said worke about twelve yeares without delaying 
the same otherwise than constrained on such extremities by 
the complts. non-payments as aforesd And this Defendt. doth 
confesse that workemen & provisions are generally cheaper in 
Derbyshire than in London but saith that artist skilfull and 
able workmen (of which sort this Defendt. carryed very many 
from London) are scarce and deare in those parts And _ this 
Defendt. beleives the Surveyrs and Appraisers of the worke had 
regard to both And this Defendt. saith that the new workes 
by him done were rated and charged att such rates as were 
agreed upon before his entry upon the same pursuant to such 
new agreements and not pursuant to the said Articles Octo- 
partite or at any other rates And this defendt. doth confess that 
he did not think fitt to leave the matter of the new Agree- 
ments subject to incertainties where he could well ascertaine 
the same And therefore this defendt. had the said new 
Agreements under his Graces the said complts. hand the first 
of which said Agreements [ ] in the words and 
figures following (viz)- October ye 12th 1692. Agreed then 
between the Right Honble Wm. Earle of Devonshire of the 
one part and Benjamin Jackson of Grove in the County of 
Nottingham Mason of the other part that. he the said 
Benjamin Jackson shall build and erect the walls of the East 
side of Chatsworth House or any other Mason worke belong- 
ing to the same which the said Earle shall appoint him the 
said Earle paying to the said Benjamin Jackson for every 
superficiall foot of Rugtick and plaine Ashler one shilling per 
foot for every superficiall foot he shall erect or sett up 
he the said Benjamin Jackson raising the stone att Quarry 
And for all other sorts of worke in frett stone the said Earle 


‘shall pay him according to the ‘rate that Sir Christopher Ren 


hath formerly allowed in his book of Estimate unless the said 
Sir Christopher Wren shall think itt reasonable he shall make 


_anabatement and the moneys to be paid him every fortnight 
for the said work according as Mr. Franc Recarr shall 


informe his Lordshipp itt shall accrue or become due to him 


22 CHATSWORTH BUILDING ACCOUNTS. 


In witness whereof we have hereunto sett our hands the day and 
yeare abovesaid DEVONSHIRE as by the said writing (ready to 
be produced and unto which this defendt. for the more 
certainty therein referrs himselfe) itt doth and may appeare. 
And the said complt. did afterwards come to the other severall 
new agreements and writing and underwritten by the said 
Earle in the words and to the effect following (viz) WORKE 
to be done for his Grace the Duke of Devonshire att Chats- 
worth by Benjamin Jackson and to be paid for as followeth ; 
The Bathing Roome to be done with Marble and Allabaster 
according to the designe of wch One Hundred Pounds to be 
paid as soone as the workmen are att work about it And fifty 
pounds more to be paid when the work is sett up as_ high: 
as the surbace And Thirty pounds more to be paid when itt 
is all finished except the floore and Bason and Twenty pounds 
more to be paid when the Floore and Bason are finished ; To 
make four Chimney pieces of Marble and Allibaster according 
to the designe agreed on by his Grace and Mr. Talman for which 
to be paid Tenn pounds as soone as the first of them is 
begunn and Tenn pounds more when itt is finished and so 
likewise for the other three; To.pave the Hall with the 
thickest of Stoke pavers for which to be paid Tenn pounds 
when itt is begun and Tenn pounds more when itt is finished ; 
To sett up and finish the Battlement on the inside of the 
South Front and to finish the windowe in the Grotto with 
Stone and Marble and to cleare the pipe that carryes water to 
the cesterne upon the staires for which Tenn pounds to be 
paid when the Battlement is begunn on and Tenn pounds 
more when that the window and pipe are finished. All which 
amounts to Three Hundred and Twenty pounds, and when all 
these things are finished Mr.- Talman is to vallue the same 
and what he shall think they shall deserve more than Three 
hundred and twenty pounds his Grace doth promise to pay 
as soone as they are finished And if Mr. Talman values these 
workes to less itt is to be abated and alsoe to settle the whole 
account with the said Benjamin Jackson for all the work he 


Z 


CHATSWORTH BUILDING ACCOUNTS. 23 


has done for his Grace att Chatsworth. Note that there is noe 
new Allibaster to be bought for the Chimney pieces but the 
old to be made use of—January 26th 1694. James Whildon, 
pay to Benjn. Jackson the severall summes of money as are 
above mencioned amounting in all as aforesd. to Three 
hundred and. twenty pounds DEVONSHIRE as by the said 
agreement (when produced) the same having been delivered up 
to his graces Steward Mr. Whildon by this deft. upon the said 
Mr. Whildon’s payment of moneys by his Grace’s order there 
upon it doth and may appeare and to which for more certainty 
this defendt. referrs himselfe a true copy of wch said agree- 
ments (as this deft. beleives) under the hand of the said Mr. 
Whildon was left with this defendt. by the sd Whildon and 
by him attested as a true coppy thereof One other Agreement 
in these words following (viz) WORK to be done att Chats- 
worth for his Grace the Duke of Devonshire by Benj. Jackson 
To enlarge the staires that goes out of the drawing roome into 
the garden according to Mr. Talman’s designe, and every stepp 
to be of one entire stone, for which he is to be paid Forty 
pounds att three payments as followes, Twenty pounds as 
soone as he beginns and Tenn pounds when one side of the 
staires is finished and Tenn pounds more when they are 
finished quite for makeing good the pavement as farr as the 
staires goes for which he is to have fourepence a foot making 
good and new (into the bargaine the old paving that is out ot 
order in that same front); To take downe and sett upp againe 


_ the Raile and Ballasters* that are to be altered for which he is 


to be’ paid two shillings sixpence the yard and for work- 


ing a new Plint under the Raile and Baleaster for which he is 
_ to have nine pence a foot these are to be paid for when he 


Shall call for his money as the worke goes on. Note that 
Benj. Jackson is to underfoot the wall on the East side of the 
Parcene, and to be paid for it by dayes workes weekly and 


_ to give direccions for the taking downe & making fitt the wall 


on the west side of the said Parcene for setting up the raile 
and Ballaster as aforesd. James Whildon pay to Benj: 


24 CHATSWORTH BUILDING ACCOUNTS. 


Jackson the moneys upon this Agreement as above mencioned 
and place itt to the building Account. DEVONSHIRE 
Arlington House March ye 4th 1694 as by the said covenant 
(when produced) the same having been delivered up to his 
Grace’s Steward Mr. Whildon by this defendt. upon the said 
Mr. Whildon’s payment of moneys by his Grace’s order 
thereupon itt doth and may appeare and to which for more 
certainty this Defendt. referrs himselfe a true copy of which 
said agreement (as this Defent. beleives) under the hand of 
the said Mr. Whildon was likewise left with this defendt. by 
the said Whildon and by him attested as a true coppy thereof. 
One other Agreement in these words following (vizs.) WORK 
to be done for his Grace the Duke of Devonshire att his 
Graces house att Chatsworth by Benjamin Jackson Mason for 
every superficiall stepp itt being to be in one stone two shillings 
for every superficial foot of the four halfe paies to be in 
two stones each five shillings for every superficiall foot of 
the three great half paies to be in four stones each five 
shillings for every superficiall foot of Rustick Pillars with 
base and capitalls included and revealed pannells wth moldings 
between the base for the Iron raile to stand on and neeches 
according to Mr. Talmans direccions one shilling & six 
pence for every rodd of walling containing 272 solid feet 
eighteene shillings for every superficiall foot of Frost work 
Eight shillings March 30th 1696 John Welding pay to the 
above named Benjamin Jackson for the work above mencioned 
as the same goes forwards DEVONSHIRE as by the said 
writing ready to be produced and unto which this defendt. for 
more certainty referrs himselfe it doth and may appeare. 
And one other agreement in these words following (viz.) 
A marble Fountaine to be made for his Grace the Duke of 
Devonshire at Chatsworth in the County of Derby according 
to Mr. Talman’s direccions by Benjamin Jackson Mason, My 
Lord Duke being to find Marble to be layd downe upon the 
place for every superficiall foot of the outside att Tenn shillings 
per foot for every superficiall foot of stepp being circular of 


CHATSWORTH BUILDING ACCOUNTS. 25 


Bakewell edge stone at one shilling & Sixpence a foot for 
every superficiall foot of paving in Stokestone for the Hall 
and the Court att fourepence a foot for four great Flower 
Potts to stand on the topp of the House threescore pounds 
to be wrought according to a designe given March 3oth 1696, 
John Weldon, pay to the above named Benjamin Jackson for 
the work above mencioned as the same _ goes forward 
DEVONSHIRE as by the said writing ready to be produced 
(unto wch this Defendt. for more certainty referrs himselfe) 
it doth and May appeare. All which said agreements this 
defendt. doubts not but to prove. And this defendt, saith 
That the above recited Agreements were all the agreements 
that were made between his Grace and this defendt. touching 
the new workes which were to be done by this defendt. 
which with the first mencioned Articles Octopartite were and 
are all and every the Articles or Agreements which were att 
any time entered into by and between this defendt. and the 
Complt. touching all “or any part of the worke or buildings 
in the Complts. said Bill mencioned to the best of this 
defendts. knowledge remembrance or belief And this defendt. 
saith That he hath in the second Schedule hereunto annexed 
(which he maketh and humbly prayeth may be also accepted 
and taken as part of this his answer) sett forth a full and true 
account (to the best of this defendts. knowledge and _beliefe) 
of all the work done by him according to and in pursuance 
of the said severall new Agreements he made with the Complt. 
together wth the admeasurement thereof by John Barker, John 
Anyon, Robt. Kirk [ ] Ricard, & Robert Hester 
in the said Schedule named who measured the same with the 
allowance or privity of the said Complt. And as for the 


q valluacion thereof this defendant takes itt That the same is 


ascertained by the said Agreements themselves as to part 


thereof and as to the other part the same (pursuant to the 


said Agreements) hath been allowed by Mr. Talman (as 
appeares in the sd second Schedule) And the said new workes 
have been noe otherwise valeued than as aforesaid (to the 


26 CHATSWORTH BUILDING ACCOUNTS. 


knowledge .of this Deft.) And this defendt. saith that it may 
be true that the Complt. hath paid amongst the several 
Tradesmen in the Bill mencioned the sum of 30,000/. 
But this defendt. doth not know the same But confesseth he 
hath received for himselfe workemen and servants towards 
his work and labour and performances in the said buildings 
and premises the summe of 10,000/7. and noe more to the 
best of this defendts. knowledge remembrance or beleife But 
the exact particuler payments this defendt. cannott sett forth 
having kept noe account thereof himselfe but trusting therein 
wholly to the Complts. Agents or Stewards as is hereinafter 
after mencioned. And for that the same have been transacted 
above six yeares since and the payments made not altogether 
to himselfe but partly to himselfe and partly to his workemen 
and Agents and others (which payments were made not by 
the Complt. himselfe but his Agents for which he this defendt. 
and such others as received any money from the Complt or 
his Agents on this defendants behalfe from time to time gave 
receipts to the Complts. Agents who made the payments 
(as he verily beleives) And this defendt. humbly hopes that 
this Honble. Court will presume That in regard the said money 
was not paid by the Complts. own handes but his Steward and 
Agents by his Graces order*under his hand subscribed under 
the Agreements [ ] Bills the said Agents did not 
pay without receipts which they required and had (as he 
verily beleives) on the said order for their vouchers neither is 
it to be beleived that his Grace the Complt. would allow of 
any payments without such vouchers And this Defendt. saith 
That he is well content to allow to his Grace whatever he 
hath (upon Account wth his stewards and agents in that 
behalfe allowed to his said Stewards and Agents as paid to 
this defendt. or others for him. And this defendt. doth deny 
that he this defendt. hath by himselfe or workemen or any 
other received near 12,0o00/. as in the Bill is pretended or 
more that 10,o00/. to the best of his remembrance knowledge 
or beliefe. And there still remaines due to him over and 


CHATSWORTH BUILDING ACCOUNTS. 27 


above his damages Interest costs and expences (as this defendt. 
computes the same) the summe of 4,200//. at the least. And 
that all his said first articled was duely surveyed and valued 
by the persons aforesd who were approved and appointed so 
to doe but denyes that he ever pretended That any of the 
said workes were personally viewed and valued by Sr Christopher 
Wren or that he knowes any thing of the valuacion of the 
workes of the other Tradesmen as in the Bill is pretended but 
saith that the Defts. said new workes were duly measured 
(with the privity and approbation of the Complt. by the 
severall persons mencioned and sett downe in the said second 
schedule hereunto annexed and the complt. had a Bill of 
particulars thereof delivered to him or one of his Agents 
(as this Defendt. doubts not but to prove) and the same 
was never concealled or kept from him by this defendt. as 
in the Bill is suggested And this defendt. saith itt may be 
true That the Complt. did propose such refferences and cause 
such Bond to be made and tendred to this defendt. as in 
the Bill But such proposall and tender being made not untill 
after this defendts. work had been duly vallued and appraised 
according to the said Articles and Agreements (wth the privity 
and approbacion of the complt. This defendt. was and is 
advised that there remained nothing in doubt to be referred 
but that this defendts. due for the said work may (by such 
-yalluacion and appraisement aforesd wth the approbation of 
the Complt.) be well ascertained And therefore and for that 
very reason and upon that very account (and noe otherwise) 
‘This “Defendt. did and doth refuse to enter into such bond 
And doth deny that the prizes he sett upon his said work 
was anywise unreasonable or excessive or such as he could not 
or cannott justify but on the contrary sayth they are very 
faire and reasonable And this defendt. sayth he doth not 
know or beleive that since the building aforesd performed or 
att any time before the Complt. ever had the like or better or 
as good building or work done for neare halfe or for any less 
‘prizes than were sett downe by this defendt. as in the Bill 


28 CHATSWORTH BUILDING ACCOUNTS. 


is alledged. ‘ And this defendt. doth deny that he doth con- 
ceale the aforsd valluacion and appraizement from the Complt. 
but was and is ready to produce the same And this defendt. 
doth deny all manner of combinacion with any person or 
persons whatsoever anyway to injure or wrong the complt. but 
this defendt. doth confess that he hath brought his accion of 
covenant in the office of Pleas in this Honble Court against 
the Complt. on the said Articles octopartite and hath declared 
thereupon but deny that he counts for 15,o00/7. supposed to 
be due to him upon the said Articles (or for more than the 
said valluacion and appraisement of £10428 3s. 11d.) but 
hath laid his damage in #15000 which is properly determin- 
able by a Jury who are to be governed by evidence and 
humbly hopes this Honble Court will not think it strange that 
after such usage he insists to leave the same to a Jury to give 
such damage as they upon their oath shall think this defendt. 
hath sustained. And this defendt. doth allso confess that he 
hath likewise commenced and declared in the said Court 
against the Complt. in an Accion upon the case for Masons 
work and labour by the defendt. att the instance and request 
of the Complt. done and pformed and for divers materialls 
by this defendt. found and provided about the said work 
which is layed several wayes in the said Declaracion and att 
the end thereof itt is layed to the Defendts. damage 15000/2. 
as he this Defendt. was advised which said last mencioned 
declaracion is for the other work and not for any part of 
that done within the said Articles Octopartite This Defendt. 
hath layed his said accions in Middx where the said Articles 
and Agreements. were made and executed and hopes he shall 
be att liberty to proceed to try the said accions where they are 
brought the rather for that very many of this Defendts. 
witnesses and Artists who did the said work (under this 
Defendt.) who are better able to judge of the vallues than 
the persons in the Countrey unacquainted with such noble 
and great works and buildings and many other witnesses to 
prove his great sufferings by his Graces not complying wth his 


CHATSWORTH BUILDING ACCOUNTS. 29 
. 


ee 


Articles and agreements and the same depending on matter 
| of fact, it lyes on this Defendt. to make out. And this 
defendt. doth humbly insist thereon as his right to lay his 
accion in such place as may be most convenient for him. 
And this Defendt. sayth that he never kept any book of 
Accounts or Memorandums: of the moneys which he received 
_for or upon account of all or any part of the work done by 
this defendt. or his workmen but this defendt. having given 
receipts for such moneys as he received therein wholy trusted 

to the bookes of account kept by the said Mr. James or John 
Whildons the Complts. Stewards or Agents they being to be 
allowed by the Complt. for what they soe paid and had this 
defendts. receipts to produce for the same and noe more so 

that this defendt. cannott sett forth any the summes by him 
received or the times the same being above six yeares since 
otherwise than that this defendt. hath a note or abstract from 

the said Mr. James Whildons book of the moneys imprested 

to this defendt. and paid to this defendt. or his men on his 
account for the said new building att Chatsworth a true coppy 

of which said note [ ] abstract this defendt. hath for 
‘the complts. satisfaccion mencioned and sett forth in the 
third Schedule hereunto annexed (which he humbly prayes may 
be also accepted and taken as part of this defendts. answer) 
and which this defendt. is and shall be ready to allow as also 
all other moneys which the complt. shall make appeare to 
be paid to this defendt. by him his Stewards or Agents and 
this defendt. sayth that he cannott sett forth his receipts more 
particularly for that the payments were made in such manner 
as aforesd and receipts allwayes given which he is and shall 
be allwayes ready and willing to acknowledge and allowe 
whensoever the same shall be produced. And this defendt. 
says he doubts not but to prove that he hath in all things 
well performed his undertaking and that he hath suffred 
_ thereby to soe great a degree as that this defendt. hath reason 
to hope that his Grace when onely considered thereof will noe 
longer suffer[ . . . J] to vex this defendt. with putting 


30 CHATSWORTH BUILDING ACCOUNTS. 
e 


him to farther expence att Law but will pay and repaire this 
defendt. in such manner as shall be more agreeable to his 
Graces great dignity honor and justice without that that any 
other matter cause or thing in the Complts. said Bill of 
Complt. contained materiall or effectuall in the Law for him 
this defendt. to make answer unto and not herein and hereby 
well and sufficiently answered unto confessed or avoyded 
traversed or denyed is true All which this defendt. is ready 
to averr justify maintaine and prove as this Honble Court shall 
direct and humbly prayes to be hence dismissed with his costs 
in this behalfe most wrongfully sustained. 


NICH. COURTNEY. 
jurat’ octavo die Maij 
1703 coram me 
J. Smith. 


THe First SCHEDULE REFERRED UNTO BY THE ANSWER 
ANNEXED. 


SOUTH FRONT AND EAST END ATT CHATSWORTH 
IN DARBYSHIRE. 


For working raising and setting 2125 ft. 6 in. superficiall measure te 
of Rustick Ashler and Cheeks of windowes from the paving 
of the grass to the bottom of the base of the Pilasters mea- 
sured over the Channels at Is. 2d. p. ft... Bh hie S23 CFO 
For 148 ft. superficiall of circular worke of the same at Is. 4d. per 
ftir. 09 17 04 


For 264 ft. superficiall in the Bases of the Pilasters at Is. 6d. p. ft. Ig 16 00 
For 1952 ft. 6 in. superficiall in the bodye of the Pilasters dimin- 

ished at 1/6 p. ft. fee a ih ove ae ... 146 08 09 
For fluteing 14 faces $ of the same Pilasters conteining 4 ft. 


diameter at 4/2. per face sak ave s'6 4 5000700 
For masoning & setting 14 faces 4 of Ionick Capitalls on the 

same Pilasters at 3/7. each _.... se ee ree a 43, LONGO 
For carving 14 faces 4 of the same Capitalls at 7/7. each 1. LOF To1o0 


For 3252 ft. 9 inch superficiall of soyle jambs & heads of the 
windowes & of the Facia between the Pilasters att 17d. p. ft. 230 17 00 


CHATSWORTH BUILDING ACCOUNTS. 


For 1032 ft. supficiall in the Keystones of the windowes at 
Is. 6d. per foot ... aie a i Fe oe 

For carving 83 ft. [ ] runing measure of lace in the Facia 
Girt 5 inches at 2s. per ft. 

For 3859 ft. superficiall of rubbd Ashler haw ee eh Pilaster & 
windowes att 12d. p. ft. ; 

For carving 6 staggs heads upon the Heated of the upper 
windowes Scantling of the Stone 4 ft. deep, 3 ft. 6 inch att 
the topp 2 ft. att bottome at 5/2. each - ; 

For 880 ft. superficial in the Great Achitrave att 2s. p. ft 

For carving 196 ft. of Arketts runing measure in the upper 

‘member of the Architraves girt 74 inch as per designe A at 
PattGs. ce. : oh ios 

For carving 10 Serpents in the plies Tiseie o’re the Pilasters 
each 3 ft. 6 inches by 2 ft. 6 in. & 8 in. imbost in a twisted 
knott at 4/2, each : : 

For 1003 ft. 9 inch superficiall in the sie oe a duking 
the Festoones in the same att per foot 1s. 8d. 

For carving 6 Festoones in the Freeze o’re the windowes with 
dripps each 8 ft. by 2 ft. 6 in. & 10 in. imbost at 10/7, each 

For 1404 ft. superficiall in the great Cornice 3 ft. 5 in. projection 
att p. ft. 2s. 4d... 

For 822 ft. 6 inch miperpiciell in me upper Bed of the same 
Cornice at Is. 4d. p. ft. 

For carving 200 ft. 8 inch runing of Dentells i in the bed saititiiags 
of the Cornice girt to inch as per designe B at 3s. 6d. per foot 

For carving 204 ft. 8 inch runing of lace in the lesser Scima 
of the Upper part of the Cornice girt 6 in. att 3s. per foot ... 

For éarving 15 lyons heads in the upper member of the Cornice 
16 inch by 15 inch and 7 in. imbost at 25s. each e 

For 827 ft. 6 inch superficiall rubbd Plinths on the Cornice under 
the base of the Raile or Ballaster att 15d. per foot ... 

For 2220 ft. supll. in the Base Pedestalls & railes of the same at 
20d. per ft. rs 

For 142 Ballasters each 2 ft. 2 stacks nee & 8 ‘ich sqr. at aes ith 

For masoning raising & setting 4 urnes on the Flatt Pilasters 
each 9 ft. 6 inch high 4 ft. 4 inch diamefer att 6//. a piece... 

For carving the same with Escollop shells & Drapery & other 
ornaments as per designe C at 12/7. each = 

For masoning raising and setting upp 4 other urnesonthe[ _] 
Pilasters each 7 ft. 6 inch high 3 ft. 6 inch diameter at 
5/2. 10s. each 


08 06 08 


192 19 0 


30 00 00 
88 00 00 


58 18 00 


40 00 00 
83 11 08 
60 00 00 
163 16 00 
54 16 00 
35 02 04 
30 14 00 
18 15 00 
5114 4 


185 00 00 
35 00 00 


24 00 00 


48 00 00 


22 00 00 


32 CHATSWORTH BUILDING ACCOUNTS. 


For carving the same with twisted flutes gurdrens & other orna- 
ments as per designe D at 9/7. tos. each ; 

For cutting the Inscripcion in the Freeze the letters 2 ft high 
CAVENDO TVTVS at 4Z. ... 


Court FRONT. 


For 3313 ft. 6 in. superficiall streight worke in the Plinths Peeres 
buskin of the Carvings & face of the wall together wth the 
Cheekes of Doores & Sofita of Arches att Is. 3d. per foot .. 

For 2689 ft. 6 in. superficiall of Architrave [ ] heads of 
Dores neeches & windowes in the Frontispeice & other 
moldings of the same at Is. 6d. per foot a5 sie 

For 18o ft. superficial in the Keystones of the windowes Acces & 
[ ] &c. at 18d. per ft. : ? on 

For 707 ft. 6 inch superficiall of aisle Astiles in C ] 
measured over the Channell at 18d. per foot.. 

For 245 ft. 6 inch superticiall of circular work in , neeches & 
cornices of the Pediments at 16d. per foot 

For 40 Ballasters each 2 ft. long 6 inch sqr. each 4s. 

For 522 ft. superficiall of plaine Modillion cornice 2 ft. 2 — 
projeccion at 22d. p. foot 

For 216 ft. 9 inch superficiall in the upper Beda of the same 
Cornice att 16d. per ft. 

For 28 ft. superficiall of Astrigall stepp att t the North ond of the 
Hall going into the Cloysters att p. ft. 1s. 2d. 

For 106 ft. superficiall of plaine Ashler on the back of the Cee 
above the lead not rubb’d att 9d. : Por 

For carving 35 ft. 6 in. running of Eggs and twisted Leaves in 
the Bedd molding of the lower facia girt 5% inch as per 
designe E at 4s. per foot 

For Carving the Trophyes on the 4 Basie ack 15 ft 6 inches 
high & 5 ft. wide 12 inch imbost as per design F. att 70/2. each 

For carving 79 ft. 4 inch running of Eggs & leaves in the Bed- 
molding of the upper facia girt $3 inch as per design G at 7s. 
per ft. re ¥ aoe 

For carving 133 ft. 8 jb running of Dentells i in abe spiiiaents 
of the Windowes girt 43 inch as per design H at 2s. 6d. per ft. 

For carving 151 ft. 9 inch running of twisted leaves & huskes in 
the Bedmolding of the Pediment as per designe I. girt 43 
inch at per foot 4s. re fr an 

For 177 ft. 6 inch running of lace in the same cornice girt 2 inch 
at 15d. p. ft. 


38 


04 


202 


201 


13 


41 


16 
08 


48 
14 
oI 


93 


07 


280 


27 


16 


S08 


II 


00 OO 


00 OO 


02 OO 


00 OO 


05 04 


14 02 


07 00 


oI 10 


CHATSWORTH BUILDING ACCOUNTS. 


GROTTO. 


_ For 2768 ft. superficial in the Pilasters pannells Cielings Cheekes 
of Dores & Sofitas of Arches at 18d. p. ft. : 
For 182 ft. superficiall in the 4 Dorik Collumnes each in one 
Stone 9 ft. 11 in. long att 20d. p. ft. : 
For 171 ft. 9 in. superficiall in circular nak in the eae at 
18d. per foot 
_ For fluteing 32 faces of the Dorick otis & Pilasters ae 
18 in. diameter att 16s. each 
_ For carving 138 ft. 8 inch runing of foldage in the et of the 
pannells in the at 12 inch broad & 2 inch imbost att 
Tos. p. ft... P 
For carving 94 fi 2 inch running of ere Teck in the fs 
- pannells girt 4 inch as per designe K at 3s. p. ft. : 
For carving 243 ft. 3 inch runing folage Scollopp Shell &c. in 
the upper members of the Architrave sa 3 inches as per 
designe L. at 3s. 6d. p. ft. ea 
For carving 243 ft. 3 inch bedmolding in the estate girt 
14 inch at 6d. p. ft. 

For carving 104 ft. runing of leaves & heads J in the fice revail’d 
pannells girt 2} inch at 9d. per ft. 

For carving 44 ft. 6 inch running of racking ralfled ees in the 
long middle pannells girt 54 inch as per designe M at qs. 
ip. ft. 

For carving 71 ft. 9 inch runing of aor in the emacs & copitalle 
girt 14 inch at 6d. p. ft. 

For carving 46 ft. runing of Water testes ¢ in “the ql 5 of the 
Capitalls girt 15 inch as per designe N at 18d. p. ft. 

For carving 49 ft. runing of Astrigall molding of the Collumnes 

Pilasters & Pannells into ribbons at p. ft. girt 2} inch as per 
design O at 12d. per ft. 
carving 16 roses in the Sofitas of the ee es square SG the 
Capitalls of the Collumnes each 3 inch diameter 24 inch 
imbost at 2s. 6d. each . NP 
Fo carving 7 Festoons over the Weed and ia of puch 
Abby Stone 4 ft. 9 in. long 2 ft. 2 in. deep & 8 inch imbost 
with fruit flowers shells &c. at 8/. each : 

For carving 2 pendant Festoones at the East end & west eae of 
the Grotto in Roach Abby Stone each 6 ft. deep 2 ft. broade 
7 inch imbost with fruit flowers & folage at 9/7. each 

For carving the crownett & cypher 3 ft. by 2 ft. & 5 inch imbost 
in Roach Abbey Stone at 3/. Ios. 

4 


33 


1, a Pan 


207 12 00 
15 03 04 
12 12 o74 


25 12 00 


69 06 08 


14 02 06 


42 II 044 
06 o1 06 


03 18 00 


08 18 00 
OI I5 104 


03 09 00 


02 09 00 


02 00 00 


56 00 00 


18 00 00 


03 10 00 


34 CHATSWORTH BUILDING ACCOUNTS. 


For carving 4 garters & Starrs in the corner pannells of Roach 
Abbey Stone each 1 ft. 9 in. by 4 ft. 9 in. & 5 inch imbost at 
3¢. each ... : oo oa . es : 

For carving 2 dophins over tbe Cistern together ah the fauigones 
& other ornaments of shells fish &c, as per designe P at 25/2. 


SoutH END oF THE HALL. 

For 1379 ft. 6 in, superficiall of Streightworke in the Front and 
bodyes of the Peeres at 18d. per foot.. xB 5 

For 97 ft. superficiall circular worke in the Sofitas of ene and 
Concaves in the Front at 20d. per foot 5¢ 368 

For carving 30 feet 9 inch of folage in the revaild Pie 21 
inch broad & 2 imbost at 15/- p. foot.. 

For carving 30 ft. 9 inch of folage in the half Pilasters 8 ss 
broad 2 inch imbost at 7s. p. ft. 

For carving 2 peices of folage in the Sofitas of ie Streight 
Arches each 20 inch long & 18 wide & 2 inch imbost at 35s. 
each ; 3 5 

For carving 43 ee running of Ee ee & ree in the 
impost molding girt 4 inch as p. designe at 2s. 6d. p. ft. 

For carving 23 feet § inch runing of 2 members round the con- 
caves in the Front with twisted leaves flowers & shells as per 
designe R. girt 9 in. at 6s. per foot ; Ae ont 

For carving the ornament of 2 Pedestalls in the Concaves with 
Drapery as per designe S. at 12s. each * ACH 

For carving 12 ft. 9 inch runing of small leaves in the Architrave 
at 12d. per foot . dee Sc Eee Aap ate 

For carving 12 ft, 6 sich runing of lace in the same Architrave 
att 6d. per ft. 68 . Soe a 586 

For carving 26 ft. 6 in. runing of eaves & tongues in the upper 
member of the Cornice girt 3 inch as per designe S at 2s. 
p. ft. fo : . : = se ‘ 

For carving 31 ft. runing of Hee iake & falc in Ovols of the 
Bedmolding girt 4 inch & 4 as per designe T. att 3s. per ft. 

For carving 31 ft. runing of Dentells in the Bedmolding girt 4 
inch as per designe V att 18d. per ft.. 

For carving the ornament being 2 eyes!’ upon the Aen saat 
abt. 4 ft. long setting upon the Architrave with Palmes 
Laurells & Trumpetts as per designe att [ J 

For 3622 ft. 4 inch superficiall in the sides of the walls between 
Floores splayes and sophitas of windowes and doores at 16d. 
p. ft. 


I2 00 00 


10 


03 


05 


07 


oI 


fore) 


oO 


02 


04 


02 


25 


244 


oI 


15 


10 


07 


02 


04 


12 


06 


13 


13 


06 


ele) 


09 


03 


93 


06 


oO 


oO 


06 


093 


CHATSWORTH BUILDING ACCOUNTS. 


For 439 ft. superficiall circular work of neeches and buskins of 
Pedestalls at 18d. p. ft.. ‘ vee ‘ 

For 462 ft. 9 in. upephciall ti in the cornice bag the staircase and 
Pedestall att the foot of the Iron Raile at 18d. p. ft. 

For 1932 ft. superficiall in the Upper Bedds Sofitas and panells 
front and ends of the great hearth paces and steps 7 ft. 14 
inch out of the wall on the 3 right sides and 8 ft. out of the 
wall on the west side which is the great hearth pace in 3 
stones 22 ft, by 8 ft. out of the wall at 3s. 6d. 

For carving 2 pendant double flowers in the panell of the 2 es 
hearth paces each three foot diameter and 11 inch imbost at 
5. each.. 

For carving tives more andants treble eerie in fie sentells of 
the sofita of the great hearth pace each 3 ft. 4 in. diameter at 
7%. 10s. eack 18 inch imbost ... : Bt * 

For carving 61 ft. 6 in. runing of racking leaves flag na hacks 
in the moldings of the aforesaid panells girt 12 inch & } as 
per designe L at [ Slept. 

For carving 36 ft. running of the same in the iene of the 
pannells of the lower hearth pace girt 11 inch as per designe 
I at 6s. per foot.. ; : 

For carving 287 ft. running of roma feeling in the art ddties 
and ends of the steps into twisted raffled leaves about a 
laurell, oaken leaves and acrons round goloss & flowers 
caperoll and husks and ro alternately girt 34 inch as per 
designe (2) at 3s. per foot ee fs. 

For carving 3 scollop shells in the reeieer: as p. deciane [ ] 
at 50s. each tnd ore aon 

- For carving 90 ft. 8 inch running af raflled ean and tongues in 
the upper Schima of the cornice of the cieling girt 54 inch 
as per designe (3) at 4s. per ft. 

For carving 185 ft. 9 inch running of lace round the hee of ie 
Modillions and pannells girt 24 inch at 6d. per foot 

For carving 98 ft. running of Eggs leaves & huskes in the 

___ bedmolding girt 4 in. as per designe (4) at 2s. 6d. per foot... 

For carving 99 ft. running of beades there girt 1} inch at 4d. per ft. 

For carving 85 Rings and [ ] between the Modillions each 

6 inch diameter at 2s. each Ae 

For fluting the end one of 81 Mundillions atts 7 ind Sond 
with flutes and bulletts at 12d. each . . 

For carving 4 floweres in the corners each 6 inch iam and 5 
inch imbost at 5s. each 


32 


34 


338 


10 


22 


21 


10 


43 


07 


04 


or 


fe) 


10 


16 


ol 


10 


02 


Io 


oI 


00 


To} 


36 CHATSWORTH BUILDING ACCOUNTS. 


For carving 21 ft. running of lace in the brass pedestalls at the 
foot of the neeches girt 14 inch at 6d. p. ft. ae 

For carving 21 ft. 9 inch of raised gudrens round the top of the 
same pedestalls girt 54 inch at 20d. per foot.. 

For carving the body of the same three padestalis with ‘age 
leaves and scrowles Drapery and as per design (5) at 6/7. 
each ; : 

For 9 ft. 2 inch running of eee hess a hikes i in ia ics 
traff pedestalls girt 2 inch at 12d. per ft. : he 

For carving 10 ft. running of leaves in the Scima upon the flutes 
girt 14 inch at 6d. per ft. 4 

For carving 11 ft. 8 inch of folage upon she Grsks on ‘the said 
leaves girt 2 inch at p. ft. 18d. 8c 

For carving the body of the same pedestalls with ne leaves 
flutes scrowles &c. as p. designe [ ] at 3/2 each , 

For 418 Rodd } of Rubble work in foundation and walls of the 
house each Rodd contg 272 cubick feet at 1/7. 10s. per Rodd 

For 1509 ft. supll of rough Ashler for the long cellar at the back 
of the great Staircase Rubble deducted at 4d. per ft. Park- 
stone 

For 7088 ft. 6 inch Sepik Ruff coynes saa Bie of Window 
Doores and Chimneys of the Park Stone at 3d. per ft. more 
than rubble 

For $71 ft. supll of rough etreleht Which ead eindowee chine 
neys and Doores of the great Quarry Stone at 5d per ft. more 
than rubble 

For 191 ft. 6 inch expeliaen sith eee to ie she Heute 
and foot paces of Chimneys 11 inch thick of the great Quarry 
Stone att od. p. ft. riot 0 ues ae 

For 1191 ft superficiall of rough circular Arches of windowes 
doores and neeches of the great Quarry Stone att 6d. per 
foot more than rubble ... fe ee ne eae 

For 122 ft. 6 in supficiall of circular corner stones in the chimneys 
molded of the great Quarry Stone at 14d. p. ft. i 

For 61 ft 6 in supll. of hearths in the same chimney of the same 
stone att 8d. per ft. : os oh aoe =p 

For 60 ft. supll. of circular corner stones in the Chimneys of 
Park stone moulded as the other at 14d. per ft. : 

For 28 ft. supll of hearths for the same chimney of the same 
stone at 8d. per foot 


sede 


oo 10 06 


OI 19 07 


18 00 00 
00 09 02 
00 05 00 
00 17 08 
15 CO 00 


627 07 06 


25 03 00 


88 12 o14 


18 02 II 


07 03 07% 


29 15 06 
O7 02 II 
02 OI 00 
03 I0 00 


oo 18 08 


CHATSWORTH BUILDING ACCOUNTS. 


MARBLE WoRK. 


For working glazeing and setting 188 ft. 6 in new black marble 

in the Cisternes in the Grotto Chimney pieces & window 

stones at 6s. per foot ; 

For 387 ft. supll of new grey marble in thie. Giaminey pieces foot 

paces and window stones at 6s. per ft. 

For new glazing 80 ft. 6 inch supll of old black abies in 2 old 

chimney pieces and 1 foot pace at 12d. per ft. 

For setting up the same 2 chimney pieces & laying 1 foi 
pace at ? 

For setting up 2 dove yeni eaiiet pieces oe eta the 

foot pace of the same at Ios. each : FA 

For setting up one white and veined Marble cintily piece od 

laying the foot pace of the same att 


*“ ALABASTER WORK. 


For 760 ft. 6 in. supll in the Jambe heads fronspieces & panells 
and soffita of the 4 alabaster [ Jat 3s. 6d. per foot 
For 102 ft. 6 in. supll in the circular cornice of the Pedimt att 4s. 
per foot ... 

For carving 44 ft. 4 inch running af the “Miteking raflled teaves 
_ and shells in the lower member of the bed molding girt 2 
q inch as per design (15) at 3s. 6d. per ft. 

For carving 52 ft. 6 in. running of Eggs husks and ck in the 
same bed molding girt } inch as per design (14) at 3s. 6d. 
a per ft. : 
“ Fox carving 64 ft. 6 in. running af ae in 5 the ade Scima in 
the upper part of the beding cornice girt 14 inch at 12d. p. ft. 
For carving a double festoon in the freeze of the lower door 
case in the stair case with fruit folage and Drapery, 6 ft. 
long 18 inch high in the middle 12 inch at each end and § 
inch imbost as p. designe (16) att 

For carving the sides and leafe att the bottom of “el duted 
scrowles each 2 ft. 3 inch on 9 inch out of the wall and 4 
inch thick at 20s. each . 

For carving 85 ft. 4 inch running of ro er hich &e | in 
the jambes and heads of 3 doores girt 24 inch as per design 
(17) at 4s. per foot a 
For carving 77 feet 6in. rung of deakibe re es folage a giwers 
in the same jambes and heads girt 9} inch as p, design (18) 
att 12s. p. ft. 


OI co oO 


oo I0 00 


133 Of 09 


20 IO 00 


07 15 02 


09 04 09 


03 04 06 


06 10 00 


17 Of O4 


46 10 00 


338 CHATSWORTH BUILDING ACCOUNTS. 


For carving the 2 double Festoones on the Freeze of the upper 
doores 7 ft. long 16 inch broade and 5 inch imbost with 
folage flowers fruit and shells &c. as p. designe (19) at 
12s. each.. cs a F “¢ os 

For carving 3 Aviitile Festoones over the eas of the 3 aie blhes 
with branches of laurell each 5 ft. 8 inch long and 2 ft. 
4 inch deep besids the pendant dripps which are 6 ft. 6 in. 
long and 17 inch girt at 1527. each fe c 

For 32 ft. supll. in the 2 cisterns for close Stooles at 3s. per ft. 


CHAPPELL. 


For 161 ft. 6 in. supll. of Black Marble Astragall Stepp glazed 
att the Alter at 6s. per ft. a 

For 145 ft. 3 in. supll in the 4 black Marble eee in aioe 
Stones each 9 ft. 2 in. long glazed at 8s. per ft. 

For 4o1 ft. 9 in. supll of streight Alabaster work in the Aline 
Piece att 3s. 6d. per foot Ee 5 : 

For 38 ft. 6 inch superficiall in the black ete Sone frame 
glazed at Ios. per foot ... : ted 

For 379 ft. 9 in. supll. of circular work in the same Altar Biewe 
at 4s. per foot ° 50 ot acc Fao 

For masoning and setting 15 faces fA of Ionick Capitalls 15 inch 
diameter att p. face 10s. 


For carving 15 faces 3 of Ionick Capitalls with Feit from 


the eyes of the volutes and other proper ornaments att 
30s. p. face é nt 506 Sab ; a 

For masoning and setting fee of the same sort of Capitalls 
on the Black Marble Columnes at 8s. p. face 

For carving the same att 30s. p. face ae a aR 

For masoning and setting 6 faces of ye Corinthian Capitalls on 
the upper Pilasters of 13 inch diameter at Ios. p. face 

For carving the same at 30s. per face mae ; fe 

For masoning Carving and setting 2 Urnes upon the Altar 
pieces 3 ft. high and 10 inch diameter with Drapery and 
long leaves as p. design at 5/2. each ... 

For carving the Compartment or shield over the picture frame 
with 3 Cherubims heads, leather work and small Festoons 
4 ft. high 3 ft. 7 in. wide as also 2 double Festoons hanging 
from the said shield to the Urnes each 7 ft. 8 in. long on the 
sweep and 18 inch girt hanging cleare of the Wall as also 
the sheets of Drapery hanging from the Festoones down by 
the sides of the picture frame 17 ft. long on the sweep tyed 


i, 


24 


45 
04 


48 
58 
70 
19 
75 


07 


23 


06 
24 


03 
09 


10 


00 OO 


00 0O 
16 00 


09 00 
02 00 
06 o14 
05 00 
19 00 


I5 00 


05 00 


08 00 
00 OO 


oO OO 
oOo OO 


co OO 


CHATSWORTH BUILDING ACCOUNTS, 


upp in a knott 15 in. broad and 10 inch imbost in the 

thickest place all as per designe [ ] at 

For carving two Scrowles one on each side the upper Pylasters, 
each 3 ft. 7 inch high and 2 ft. 6 inch wide with a flower of 
12 inch diameter in the eye of the same att 3/7. each 

For carving a dove and glory in Raye 21 inch diameter and 
6 in, imbost att 2//. Ios. 5 : 

For carving 2 Pendant festoones in the front Ribbs of the 
Tribund each 4 ft. 2 inch long and 13 inch girt 44 inch 
imbost at 3/7. each F Fe 

For carving 2 other Festoones in the 2 ae ribs Baie Sick 
3 ft. 2 in. long 14 inch girt and 44 inch imbost att 2/7. 

each = ye ae z ; : 

For carving 2 branches of Olives in the 2 oh pails in the 
Tribund each 22 inch long 11 inch broade and 44 inch 
imbost at 20/ each : 

For carving a bundle of Wheat eares in the middle Pannell of 
the Tribund 2 ft. 2 in. long 1 ft. 3 inch broad 4} inch 

i imbost at : 

_ For carving 4 cherubims ads sl haunt in the four pete 
between the Pylasters 2 within the neeches and 2 without 

each 3 ft. high and 16 inch wide 6 in. imbost at 2/7. 10s. each 

2 For carving the twin Cherubs and Drapery in the middle Pannell 

of the neech 3 ft. long 19 inches wide & 6 inches imbost at 

For carving 22 ft. rung of leaves and huskes in the lower 

Architrave girt 2 inch att 18d. per foot ae 

For carving 22 ft. runing of Beades in the same att 64. per ft.. 

For carving 35 ft. 8 inch running of Eggs leaves and huskes in 

the lower member of the Bees of the cornice girt 24 

inch att 2s. 6d. per ft. * : : 

For carving 39 ft. running of raffled leaves in the eral Scima of 

the Cornice Girt 1} inch at 9d. p. ft. k s 

For carving 33 ft. 6 in. running of Dentells in the same ies 33 

in. at 15d. per foot Ae 

For carving 7 ft. 6 in. running of fee in aie trees Acchitrave 

at od. p. ft. ; *t : ii F 

carving 6 ft. 6 in. running - ee in the same att 6d. per ft 

x carving 6 ft. 3 in. running of beads in ye same att qd. per ft. 

Por carving 32 ft. 4 inch running of leaves and huskes in the 

__ lower member of the bedmolding of the Upper Cornice at 


od. p- eee 


Jie Sa. Os 


40 00 00 


06 00 00 


02 10 00 


06 00 00 


05 00 00 


02 00 CO 


OI I0 00 


IO 00 00 
03 00 00 
Ol 13 00 
oo II 00 
04 09 02 
OI 09 03 
02 O1 Io} 
00 05 07} 


00 03 09 
©O 02 OI 


OI 04 03 


40 CHATSWORTH BUILDING ACCOUNTS. 


For carving 22 ft. running of Eggs and Anchors in the same ae 

bedmolding at 9d. p. ft. ast : : x 00 16 06 
For carving 55 ft. running of lace in the eect Scima ei en 

Cornice att 6d. p. ft. ... op Sac : oI 07 06 
For carving 40 Modillions each 4 inch long 2 inh front Pana - 

inch att 3s. each.. wud : ee us nee +: « 06) GONNG 


For carving 37 Pannells with Roses at 2} inch diameter at 2s. 6d. 

each mak : 04 12 06 
For joynting and Tapue 1191 1 ft 6i in. eee paving in ne ae 

of the Chappell to lay the Slabbs of Marble in Paisler at 3d. 

perft.  .. we aoe i ste ics Pe: as lg 7 et 


GREAT STAIRES ON THE SoutaH FRONT AND PARAPETT WALL 
OF THE GRAFF & WEST END OF THE GRAFF RETURNING TO 
THE GARDEN GATE. 


ie) Sp Ge 

For 1945 ft. supll. of Straight Ashler in the Staircase & Parappett ee 
Wall of the Graft & west end and returne to the Garden 

Gate att 12d. p. ft. ee ae : BAe Ad .. 97 05 00 
For 534 ft. superficial of circular ae. in the Staircase and 

Arches under the hearth place att 16d. per ft. at 35 12 00 


For 169 ft. supll. of Streight Rustick Ashler there at 14d. p. fe 09 17 00 
For 742 ft. supll. of the Steps molded on the fronts & ends In 

the circular wings pointing to a center in whole Stone each 

6 ft. Sin. long 2 ft. Broad at one end and 164 inch at the 


other end and 73 inch thick att 2s. 6d. p. ft. ae 92 15 00 
For 281 ft. 6 in. supll. in the upper beds and fronts of the half 
paces in 4 Stones at 4s. per foot 360 ant of vee 5606500 


For carving 2 Mask heads in the Keystones of the Arches 

scantling 3 ft. deep 2 ft. 6 in. att the top and 1 ft. 10 inch 

att the bottom at 6/7. each ee ; 12 00 00 
For 271 ft. supll. of Streight stepp on the Givind going into the 

Garden in the front of the Staircase under the Arch Molded 


as the step of the Staircase at 16d. p. ft. ie 18 o1 04 
For 38 ft. supll. of Astragall step in the thickness of ite fells of 
the South front at 14d. per ft. aa 02 04 04 


For 566 ft. supll. of copeing under the Parapett ei of ihe Graff 

att 12d. p. ft. «.. ae ae a 53 be heey iels 2S) 
For 14 Pedestalls left square in the same 16 in. square at 8d, each 09 09 04 
For 3243 ft. of Pairing squared rubbed and laid in the Graff and 

Passage and Stag Parlour at 4d. p. ft. ite fat non. 94 OTzOe: 


a \ 


CHATSWORTH BUILDING ACCOUNTS. 
' 
For 244 Rodd of Rubble worke in the foundation of Steps and 
Staircase and parapett wall of the Graff, and att the west end 
of the same Graff, and return to the Garden Gate at 24s. p. 
Rodd. : P ase 
For making a Dreane under the Graff asia Staircase aS ft long 
16 inch wide and 14 inch high at 12d. per ft. 


IN THE KITCHING. 


For 250 ft. 6 in. supll in the Door Jambes heads and keystones 
and face of the neech and window at 14d. p. ft. 

1 For 130 ft. running of Staff molding in the same at 3d. p. ft 

For 122 ft. supll. of Streight Astragall stepp in the Doorway and 
passage there at 14d. per ft. = Ws ag 

For 56 ft. 9 inch suppll. of circular in the great hak [ ]and 
neech there at 16d. p. ft. 

For 8 ft. 9 inch running of circular hekeeen Step sae aie 23 
inch att 2s. p. ft. a ove 

For 87 ft. 3 inch sirail of oe Ashler sett perth the fae 
upwards as paving for buttment for the old paving at qd. 
p- ft. ‘ 

For joynting and infos 1197 7 ft 6 inch of old paving at oa per ft 


GREAT PEERS ON THE WEST SIDE OF THE HOUSE 
AND WALL THERE. 
For 1460 ft. 9 in. supll. of rubbed Ashler in the Plint under the 
* base of the Pedestall and under the copeing of the long wall 
between Peers att 12d. per foot : of vie 
For 751 ft. superficiall of copeing under the Iron Palisade Hoaniting 
2 ft. by 2 ft. at 12d. p. ft. ; 25 
For 1820 ft. 6 inch supll. in the bases bodies and Capitalls, 
plinths and streight work above the capitall at 16d. per ft. 
For 528 ft. supll. of circular work in the necks of the same at 
18d. p. ft. : ‘ 2 
. For carving the Trophy in the Sains of pee 2 peers on the 
west side 7 ft. 9 inch high and 5 ft. 9 in. wide and 6 in. 
imbost att 2572, each ae 
For carving 59 ft. running of racking raffled oe es ane bua? in 
the moldings of the pannells girt 54 inch as p. design (7) at 
4s. per ft. = ake on as 
For carving 94 ft. running of raffled ee and scollop shells in 
the upper Scima of the Chapiter molding girt 4 inch as p. 
designe (8) at 2s. p. ft... 


des: 


29 08 


10 05 


14 II 
OI 12 


07 02 
03 19 


00 17 


OI 09 
09 19 


73 00 


37 1 


50 00 


o9 08 


41 
d. 


06 


09 


0O 


04 


oo 


42 CHATSWORTH BUILDING ACCOUNTS. 


lis Sad 
For carving 88 ft. 6 inch running of large racking raffled leaves 
and huskes in the great member of the Capitall under the 
hanging square girt 10 inch as p. design (9) att 7d. p. ft. ... 30 16 c6 


For carving 79 ft. 6 inch running of Dentells in the same girt 5 

inch as p. designe (10) at 2s. 6d. per ft. a Se .. 09 18 09 
For carving the double festoons each side and each end the 

necks of both Peeres 98 ft. running on the sweep girt 20 in. 


palme branches and as p. designe (12) at 12s. p, ft. we 6-58 FORO 
For carving 48 ft. 6 in. running of Gurdrens raise on the top of 

the neck girt 84 inch each as p. design (11) at 4s. per ft. ... 09 14 00 
For 328 ft. 9 in. supll. of Ruff Ashler of Park stone under the 

rubbd Ashler at 3d. p. ft. more then rubble .. va 04 02 02 


For 164 Rodds rubble work in the foundation and | bodies of oe 
Peers and in the foundation of the long wall under the iron 
work at 20s. per rodd.. Ese ss ae ce e322 LO HOROG 


THe LowreR GARDEN WALLS BETWEEN THE SouTH GREAT 
PEERES, AND THE CORNER OF THE BowLiInG GREEN. 


For 1249 ft. 6 in. st rubbd Ashler under the copeing at 12d. i 

ps. tte Ao < : . 62 09 06 
For 933 ft. supll. of copeing on Fes same =a Seantling one ft 

10 inch by 1 ft. att 12d. p. ft. . ane bes ave AGT EZTO 
For 23 Pedestalls left on the same copeing each 16 i in square att 

8d. each . cd 00 15 04 


For 2270 ft. Ee of aces he of Park stone in ithe west 

face and south end of the wall under the rubbd Ashler at 3d. 

p. ft. more then rubble et 28 07 06 
For 49} Rodd of rubble work in the same ale at 20s. p. Rodd 49 05 0O 


East Wall OF THE BOWLING GREEN. 
For 2579 ft. 6 inch supll. of rough Ashler in the face of the wall 
att 3d. p. ft. more then rubble ae = : we ©gzoqnres 
For 564 Rodds of rubble work in the same wall at Se p- bia 56 05 CO 


SoutH East CoRNER OF THE WILDERNESS. 
For 74 ft. 6 in. supll. of rough coynes of Park Stone at 3d. p. ft. 
more than rubble as : fs ae Sen OOUIONC TE 
For 202 Rodds of Rubble work in fhe same W all: at 20/ per Rodd 20 15 00 


WorK PREPARED BUT NOTT SETT. 
For 231 ft. supll. of Copeing for the Walls Scantling 1 ft. 10 
inch by 1 ft. at 10d. p. ft. a nor see oe 5 ~ OO-12 OG 


CHATSWORTH BUILDING ACCOUNTS. 43 


For 772 ft. supll. of molded stepp for the Staircase in the Hall spe 
gtenad. py ft.) «.. 45 00 08 

For 5690 ft. supll. of Actin: for the East nee of the Lotes all 
parallell & most squared fitt to sett at 8d. p. ft... .. 189 13 04 
_ For 1270 ft. of rough paving squared fitt to lay at 2d. p. ft. ... 10 11 08 

For 177 ft. supll. of Ashler paralleld and squared in the Park for 
the Cellars att the East end of the building at 4d. per ft. ... 02 15 08 

_ For 70 Tun of Stone in the Park polld and made fit for the out 
side of the rubble walls at 18d. p. Tun a _ 2a = eh 5O5°00 

MARBLE WORK PREPARED AND NOTT SETT. 

For working and glazeing 3} feet supll of Grey Marble a 
Chimney piece and foot pace at 8s. 6d. p. ft. ov 13 07 09 

Fora black marble window Stone cont to ft. 10 inch spl 
moulded on the Front at 6s. per ft. ... at 03 05 0O 

For Glazeing 15 ft. 10 inch supll in a black marble at. att 
12d. p. ft. Be 00 15 10 

For Glazeing 5 ft. of Palian anes Marble a slab on the front 
BEEZ. 56 me 00 05 00 

For squaring rubbing and Cectitinig 50 ioe sili of white 

marble estimated one with the other at 15 ft. each qv 750 
ft. at 12d. ner a 37 I0 0O 

For panelling squaring ribbing sta eronndina 3 30 more of the 
same qv 450 fi. at 2s. 6d. oy : 56 05 co 

] For sawing 13 Slabbs of Marble mixt r black and white ane 147 
ft. 10 in. att 12d. p. ft.. es za aoe ree 1 (O07 07) 0D 


THE QUANTITIES OF STONE RAISED IN THE GREAT QUARRY AT 
BAKEWELL EDGE AND WHICHSEP AT I6FT. P. TUN. 


 Tunn Foot Wi... SoMa 
Bayt: 8 In the building of the house and wall of 
the Courts & Gardens sett 

y | In copeing not sett 

2 Stepps nott sett 
AIS. 20 Ashler nott sett 

5 Large Stones for Mr. Sibes 12 stones 

: 8 More Stones for Mr. Sibes 8 Stones 

68 :12 Rough Ashler and Block all the house 
Past 10. Block and Ashler at Bakewell Edge Stapled 
16 : 6 Scantling Block at Whichsepp 


WOR =.) at 10s. p. Luni  -.i. ies 76 +6 2026)'0'"Q 


44 CHATSWORTH BUILDING ACCOUNTS. 


STONES RAISED IN THE PARK. 


For 435 Lunn 3 of rough Ashler splayes and Arches sett in the ee 

house and cutt out, Walls of the Peers, Garden, Bowling 

Green, Wilderness &c. att 3s. per Tun Site sits ie OF TOON05 
For 108 Tunn } of Stones raised and now lying in the Parke at 

3s. p. Tun i sos ae 3 ae Bee .. 16 04 09 
For raising 5,500 Tunns of rough Stone for the rubble work of 

the whole building and Garden walls afore mentioned at 

r2d.ip, hunny 5, sis ar ms ee tae 2 | 27/5 GO 00 
Measured in the months of April & May 1692 by us. Tho: 

Webb, Edwd. Strong, Edward Peirce. 

DicGInG FOUNDATIONS. 

For 1220 Yards of Digging the foundations of the South front, 

cross walls and the returning of the East end and corner of 

the South east corner the Levell of the paving of the Graff 

at 6d. per yard . a ead 2s 130 OOO 
For digging and carrying through the Cat 135 saad of earth 

out of the Foundations of the Grotto at p. yard 8d. +  O4-TO"60 


THE SECOND SCHEDULE OF ACCOURTS 
MENTIONED IN & REFERRED UNTO BY 
THE ANSWERE HEREUNTO ANNEXED. 


A BiLtt of DAYS WORKE DONE IN YE GARDEN. 


For setting upp the old Raile and Ballaster and old stepp and a 

altering the little fountaine in the South Garden one Mason 

135 days at ts. 6d. per day... Sap Hon ae «. 1002/06 
For a Laborer 65 dayes at 8d. p. day Se : uae -. O2,0300% 
For takeing downe the Great Peeres in the South Garden and 

the Raile and Ballaster that was standing upon the wall, and 

takeing upp the Staires 2 Masons each of them 13 dayes at 

Is. 6d. per day .. ba dor ». (Of 59 00 
For § laborers each of oo 13 ce at 8d. p. aay a ; 03 09 04 
For takeing down the Peeres and the Scrowles and the ev / 

under them that was in the Greene to [ ] 3 Masons 

each 11 dayes at Is. 6d. p. day she sf “es +. 02 09 06 


For 6 Labourers each 11 dayes at 8d. per day... ae im OZFOANGO 


CHATSWORTH BUILDING ACCOUNTS. 


For breaking into the old Wall & makeing room for 3 Chimneys 
funnells, & bringing upp one in the Greenhouse & one in 
the bed chamber next the Chappell, another in the Closett in 
the upper story. A rough Mason 78 dayes at Is. 6d. p. day 

For 2 Labourers each 78 days at 8d. p. day ; 

For breaking 2 holes through the old walls & hie two 
windowes in them one in the closett of the west corner in 
the old house the other in the black closett in the znd. Story 
a rough Mason 15 dayes at = 

For 2 Laborers 15 dayes each at 8d. p. peu P rs 

For breaking the wall of the back of the Altar a mason 11 dayes 
at Is. 6d. per day 

For a Laborer 11 dayes at 8d. p. eae as : 

For pulling upp the Raile & Ballister of ye south front twice, 
and setting it upp again , a : 

For Raising the Kitching Walls for cashing 3 coppers, one in the 
Kitchin, the other in the washhouse, for breaking 5 dore- 
wayes & one neech in the old wall, and walling upp 2 
dorewayes. For setting 4 fire Ranges 2 in the Kitchin 

another in the Scullery and another in ye old Kitchin. For 
Altering the chimney in the Scullery and breaking one 
' window into the Larder & makeing a Stepp and dore into 


the Cellar at 
. 


FOR WORK DONE AT HarRpDWICK. 

For preparing Stone For the dore that was to be broken through 
the Peere out of the Hall into the Garden a Mason 8 dayes 
¥ at Is. 6d. per day 

For a rough Mason 70 dayes at Is. at per rt 

For a Laborer, 170 dayes at 8d. p. day 


A BILL FOR THE MARBLE. 


.: for carrage Wateridge & Porter to helpe into ye ¥ sieeatbs 
with the Marble 


m. Goodfellow 32 dayes at London & Hull. & Baoey to 
_ takecare of loading it at 4d. per day. ... 

For his horse charge & his owne 16 days at 

ath. Hall at Bantry 14 dayes att 3s. 4d. per day 

For his horse charge & his owne 14 days at 

For pulling downe ye South Front, ye East Front ye » Middle 
Wall to the Hall and the front to the Court & the walls to 
the great Staircase may be estimated at 3000 yards at 


OI 0O 0O 


00 14 08 
00 07 04 


60 00 00 


25 I0 oO 


02 9 6 


240 00 00 


46 CHATSWORTH BUILDING ACCOUNTS. 


A BILL FOR MEASUREING OF STONE THAT CAME FROM YE 
GREAT QuARRY & TAKEING ACCOMPT OF LIME, 


Robert Kirke 155 Weekes at 6s. per weeke 600 ob oe a ~ - 
For 6 Journeys to the Alabaster pitt to Castle Hayes & Gotham 

each journey 3 dayes in all 18 dayes at 4s, 2d. per day ie (O83 D5ROG 
For horse charges & his owne 18 dayes at 3s. 6d. per day ‘i 703 
Robert Kirke 3 Journeys to the Roach Abby each Journey 2 

dayes in all 6 dayes at 4s. 2d. p. day .. Soe ci I % 00 
For charges for himselfe & horse 6 days at 3s. 6d. per ia ore i SES A0) 


IN THE WALL ON YE NorTH SIDE OF THE COURT. 


For 2017 ft. 8 in. of Smooth Ashler at tod. per ft. ia ... 84 OI 04% 
For 1482 ft. 9 inch rough Ashler at 2d. p. ft “a we eee: your or it: 
For 568 ft. 9 in. of copeing at tod. p. ft. ... avs ee to 2S US 
For 9 Rodd 103 ft. of Rubble at 20s. p. Rodd... ois s. 09 07) 06% 
For 14 Seats upon ye said wall at 8d. p. seat... ore .» 00°09 04 


In yE WALL ON YE SouTH SIDE OF YE CourRT. 


For 1892 ft. of Smooth Ashler at rod. p. ft. ae is <> FS"16%08 
For 562 ft. 2 in. of copeing at tod. p. ft. ... a aoe aa 2a: 
For 16 Rodds 133 ft. of Rubble at 20s. p. Rodd ... Bs ta) IGP ORO 
For 14 Seates upon ye wall at 8d. p. Seat ee = sce OOURQT 7: 


IN YE BowLING GREEN WALL & YE END OF YE WALL AT YE 
SIDE OF YE SOUTH PEER. 


For 1032 ft. 6 inch of Smooth Ashler at tod. p. ft. La we) 143 tomes 
For 816 ft. 4 inch of copeing at Iod. p. ft... ies sa ae 34 Ones 
For 24 ft. of rough Ashler at 2d. p. ft... ee ies =” Jeoyvaaga 
For 58 ft. of Rubble at Is. p. rodd . £: : 4c) OOWNEAMERS 
For 20 seates uppon ye Bowling een wall at 8d. p.seate:. s.. OOuLgura 
For 72 foot 7 inch of Smooth Ashler under the Grill & under 

ye Gates into the Garden at rod. p. ft. s3c Hae Eo 3006 


IN YE CHAPPELL FLOORE OF MARBLE. 


For 967 ft. 6 in. of White Marble at 3/ p. ft. ... o. (/45 42nte 
For 153 foot of Black Marble veined with white at 4s. per + ft. sue! |) 80282100 
For 72 ft. 7 in. of Gray Marble in ye Plinth about the Chappell 

at 4/ p. ft. ace Per aes wee sie oe we) SORE TOA 


ATT YE HEAD OF YE GREAT STAIRS. 


For 35 ft. 3 in. of White Marble in 2 windows Stones at 3s. .. 05 5 9 


CHATSWORTH BUILDING ACCOUNTS. 


For 630 ft. 9 in. of circular stepps at 2s. per ft. 

For 347 ft. 8 in. of circular Alabaster worke at 3/ per ft. 
For 88 ft. 3 in of Streight Stepps at Is. p. ft. 

For 159 ft. 2 in. of Smooth Ashler at rod. p. ft. ... 

For 4 Rodds 139 ft. of Rubble at Pa p- rodd : 
For raising Stone in Bakewell Edge used in Stepps & copeing of 
ye Walls aforesaide 90 Tunns 13 ft. at 8s. 8d. p. Tunn 
For masoning & carving 3 Bevets in the Arch going into ye 

great Stair case .. 
For 2 peices of Trophies at. ‘£60 ne 
For one Masque head on ye Staires in ye garden 
For setting up ye 2 Figures upon ye Staires in ye end of ye Hall 
This work is all finished since my Lord went from Chatsworth 
wch amounts to.. 
_ For 2084 ft. ae in ames -over ye ie & passage at 
in Ad: p. ft. . 
For 172 ft. 5 inch superficiall of Pane Stepps it into ye sp ae at 
Is. 2d. p. ft. 
For 78 ft. 6 in. of Moulded erate at Is. 84. p- ft. 
For 69 ft. superficiall of paveing in hearth paces in the upper 
Roomes and garretts at 4d. p. ft. 
Fore2025 ft. of old paveing in ye Celler at 2d. per ft < 
_ For 16 ft. 9 in. in ye Middle stone of ye halfe pace at ye topp of 
ye Hall Staires at 5/ p. ft. Lire 
For 14 ft. 6 inch in a stepp above ye said hhalfe p pace at Is. sha 
p- foot 


WALL. 


For 503 ft. 6 inch supll. at ts. 2d. p. ft. eee stone work- 
manship & setting a8 = 

For 172 ft. 6 inch superficiall of Steass going into ye eae most 
of them in whole stones at Is. 2d. p. ft. 


InN yeE NORTHSIDE OF YE HOUSE. 


In YE STAIRS IN YE END OF THE HALL. 


ol 


In a Stack oF CHIMNEYS IN YE OLD KITCHEN 


28 


10 


29 


12 


Hw oO Dd 


7% 


07 OF 


05 00 


48 CHATSWORTH BUILDING ACCOUNTS. 


IN YE GROTTO FLOOR. 
Ano = 
1694 
For 379 ft. 7 in. white Marble at 3d. p. ft. 


For 196 ft. Gray Marble Sawne out of ye Block at 4s. p. ft 


IN YE QUEEN OF ScoTTs APPARTMENTS. 
For 44 ft. 11 inch of white Marble in 4 window stones at 3/ p. ft. 


IN YE PARAPETT WALL ABOVE THE INNER 
CourT FRONT. 

For 606 ft. 3 inches of Smooth Ashler & Copeing at 11d. p. ft. 

In 4 Stacks of Chimneys above ye Leads & ye Modillion 
Cornice ... 

For 1070 ft. 4 inches of Smooth Neher at Is. p. ft 

For 226 ft. 4 inch of Cornice Mold & upper bed of ye same at 
Is. 6d. p. ft. %. : Sid Le 

For 487 ft. 6 inch of Gaeiice Mould 2 fe. 2 in. projeccion with 
plaine Modillions at Is. 8d. p. ft. at 

For 221 ft. 4 inch in ye upper bedd of the same cornice at 9d. 
p- ft. ; : sor teh rior 306 ao 

For 187 ft. 3 inch of See Ashler under the cornice afsd at 
11d. p. ft. 

For 28 ft. 6 inches of gray Marble i in a Ciskay' peice at rede 
wick at 5/. p. ft. 


IN YE BaTHinc Room. 

For 513 ft. 10 inches Superficiall of Marble worke in imitation 
of wainscott at 9d, p. ft. 

For 149 ft. 4 inch supficiall of Marble eve ina ee Tubb 
at7//iaperkt. : a8 ee ak 

For 129 ft. 10 inches saphiciall of iMashie paveing in ye Tino at 
7s. per foot.. a sale Aca 30 se 

For 31 ft. of Stepp and window Stone suparticial measure at 6,- 
p. ft 3 

For 251 ft. of Asta eet at i p- ft. 


For carving a Maske Head of Marble in the Raine of ie 
Neech 


In vE SouTH GARDEN. 
For 136 ft. superficiall measure in 2 carved Pedestalls at 1s. 6d. 
Dats ; da 
For carving ye said Pedestals a aac 306 
For 2 large Stones to make 2 Statues for ye said Pedestalls 


6 


53 


16 


10 


14 


15 


II 


° 


° 


CHATSWORTH BUILDING ACCOUNTS. 


; A Bill of Dayes worke, setting up ye Staires att ye South 
East Corner of ye Garden yt leadeth upp to ye Long 
Green Walke, & making good ye raile & Banister what 
Was wanting and makeing good ye wall under ye stepps 
end 


Masons 106 days at Is. rod. p. day 

Wall Masons 31 dayes at Is. 6d. per day ... 

Labourers 37 dayes at 8d. p. day ... 

For makeing ye Dreine from ye Terras downe to ye = Geena Wall 
Masons 33 dayes & a halfe at Is. 6d. p. day 


A Bity or Days Work. 
March 11th 
169 6/7 
_ For Peiceing poleishing and setting upp Five Old Marble 
-Chimney Peices of the East’side of the house with new slipps 
and Plinth & working of Foot Paces of Old Marble & work- 
ing new compasse stone & working of six Marble Tables & 
three Marble Stools & findeing Emery and puttey for ye 
same 
Masons 237 dayes & a halfe at 3/- p. day ... 
A Pollisher 64 dayes & a halfe at 2/6 p. day 
Sawing ye Marble Laborers 57 dayes at Is. p. day 
For working new Arches of Stone to lye under the Marble ost 
Paces & and setting them upp Masons 67 dayes & a halfe at 
Is. 10d p. day ... a 
Laborers 54 dayes at 8d. p. day : 
For Altering ye Chimnyes in ye old catici val aud cutting 7 ye 
wall for ye joyners to putt in 4 neeches in ye Gallery & cutt- 

ing ye splay of ye doore yt is betwixt ye lower Dineing roome 
_ & ye Gallery and cutting out two windowes yt was blanke to 
give light intow the Garretts of ye North side ye house 

Vall Masons 36 dayes at 1s. 6d. per day 

abourers 24 dayes at 8d. p. day ... agin te feen hee ae 
Fo altering ye Stairs in ye Hall & makeing good what was 
_ wanting Masons 76 dayes at Is. Iod. p. day 
Laborers 10 days at $d. p. day 


1699. IN YE HALL. 


For 1422 ft. of paveing with stone of two foot square at 4d. 
p- foot 


li. 


= mw OO 


49 


kak 
oat 


21032 


nb © 


~ 


23 


T2916 


I «3 
17 0 


2 10 
16 0 


14 0 
16 0 


fon) 
op 


50 CHATSWORTH BUILDING ACCOUNTS. 


In YE SoutH FRONT. 


li. 
For 1287 ft. of paveing with streight courses at 4d. p. foot... 21 
For working 137 ft. of Gutter at 6d. p. ft. se ec a 3 
For letting in 6 iron Grates at gd. each... eae as GO 
FoR YE QUEEN OF Scotts BEDCHAMBER. 
For 25 ft. in a payre of coveing Stones at 2/- p. ft ... ee 2 
For to ft. of Stone in ye Hearth at rod. p. ft. 
In YE DressiInGc ROOME. 
For 30} ft. of Alablaster in a Pedestall over ye Chimney at 
[ |p. ft. being included in the Chimney Peice 
For 174 ft. of coveing stone in ye Chimney at ee sc I 
For 8 ft. fire Stone in the hearth at Iod. p. ft. ... ae a (0) 
In YE JAPAN CLOSETT. 
For 4} ft. of Black and veined Marble at 6s. p. ft. ... ei I 
In ye LitrLe DInEING Room. 
For 12 feet of White Marble windowe Stone at 5s. per ft. oe 3 
In YE Lonc GALLARY. 
For 20 ft. of coveing stone in ye Chimney at 2s. p. ft. ... ee 2 
For to ft. of fire Stone in ye Hearth at rod. p. ft. 
For 32% ft. of foot pace in ye Garrett at 10d. per ft. Std : I 
For 5337 ft. of paveing with streight joints in ye Middle Court 
at 4d. p. ft. ie nae Oe 
For 39 ft. 10 inch in 2 Roll Stones i in ye Gatiese at 2s. p. ee on 3 


In THE TERRAS & GROTTO. 
For 4847 ft. rubbd. Ashler in ye Tarras wall on ye west Front 


in ye revaild Pannells facia plinth and Collumnes at Is. 6d. 


p- ft. a a8 wae mie Fels eis ee waa SOS 
For 11624 ft. of frost worke in ye pannells & Collumes of ye 


Tarris measured superficial at 6s. p. ft. He 5 sot 3340 
For 46 ft. frost worke aboute one third finisht at 6s. per ft wae rey 
For 426 ft. of Compass Ashler in ye Grotto at 18d. p. ft... a an 
For 23 ft. superficiall in 2 Scollop Shells & Dolphin heads in ye 

Crowne of ye neech at 7s. p. ft. os : 8 


For 5232 ft. superficiall in ye halfe paces in 7 Stones at 5s. p. fi. 130 
For 309 ft. 5 inch running Astrigall Stepp 15 inch broad 5 inch 
rise contd. 515% ft. superficiall measure at Is. 10d. p, ft. ... 47 


Io 00 
8 4 


“I 
Oo 
ae 


19 0 
19 8 


10 6 


CHATSWORTH BUILDING ACCOUNTS. 51 
. 8. Uk 
For 43} Rodd of Rubble worke in ye same Tarras Wall & — 
at 13s. p. rodd ... wh 207°" G6 
For a gray Marble Chimney peice “Sipps ses ssaalt & cornice 
& Marble footpace in ye Hall contg. 89 ft. at 4 +2031 O20 
- Fora Chimney peice of white & veined Marble with Slipps Slab 
cornice and freeze in ye Queene of Scotts Bed Chamber 
contd. 63} foot at AT 20 0 O 
_ Fora Chimney peice Cornice Reeve Pylaster Slipps & Slabb i in 
ye Queene of Scots dressing rome contd. 517 ft. at ... 2.) 20aOee 
_ For ye Chimney peice in ye Queene of Scotts Closett  ... tad 1252100 
- For a Rance Marble Chimney Peice Slipps and slabb with ahi 
 freize & black pollisht in ye long Gallary cont. [ ] ft. 
ranch ..: ee 20 © 6 
Fora Gray Marble Chiseney "Bali in ye . Bed Chanter next ye 
Bathing Rome &c. by agreement made with his Grace age 710 6 
MATERIALLS LEFT ON YE PLACE WROUGHT & NOT 
SETT AS FOLLOWETH : 
For 48 ft. superficiall of Base for ye iron worke to stand on at 18d 
p: ft. af :. ; ee nee 3 12 0 
F ‘or 39 ft. 4 inch een of coveing outs for ye chimneyes 
Wrought with a Staffe at 2s. p. ft... . 35S so 
For 131 ft. ro inch superficiall of cornice Geepaied for y ye e Grotto 
_ in ye Court Yard at 18d. per ft. a 210 9 
For 33 ft. 5 inch superficiall of paveing Hpac ‘ond beara & 
streight joints for ye Court at 10d. p. ft. xa : 5. G6 
For 149 ft. running of Astrigall stepp prepared for ye Stafres 0 up 
to the Terras contd. in them 173 ft. superficiall measure at 
mite. 10d. perft. ... He : doe EEG: Nira 
‘or 129 ft. 7 in. superficiall Fa oa ani eet: at 12d. 
Dp. ft. af ay a ae Se = "e er Gi 9°77 
MARBLE WORKE PREPARED FOR YE FOUNTAINE 
IN YE Court. 
or 75 ft. running of Gray Marble compass Astrigall stepp pollisht 
contd. 157 ft. superficial at 7s. p. ft. . = 2.54, 19-6 
or 33 ft. running of Streight Astrigill Stepp of Gray ‘Marble 
_ Ppolisht contd. 74 ft. superficiall at 7s. per foot ee 4... 25 18 36 
For 32 ft. superficiall compasse Gray Marble for ye bottome of 
_ ye fountaine not pollisht at 4s. p. ft. ... a es int AG YS 


52 CHATSWORTH BUILDING ACCOUNTS. 


Marble in 4 Stones for ye bottome of ye fountaine not pollisht at 
AS. (p. ft. 53. by tae 1a ite te rie nae 

For 154 ft. superficiall Gray Marble for ye sides of the fountaine 
wrought with a mold compass pollisht at Ios. p. ft. 

For 102 ft. superficiall of Ditto wrought in ye inside of ye foun- 
taine pollisht at 5/- per foot... 30 

For 160 ft. of rough Cubicall Block Stone at .. 

For 38 ft. of rough paveing at p. ft. 


DISBURSEMENTS & CHARGES IN BUYING YE MARBLE IN 
HoLianD & SENDING ITT TO CHATTSWORTH. 


Paid Freightage of ye Marble to England which I bought in 
Holland by his Grace’s order ser 

Layd out and expended in bargaining & agreeing for ye Marble 
& for boxes to bring it in, packing it upp and carrying it 
on ship-board in Holland, unloading itt att London and 
putting itt on board again for Hull, unlading itt there & 
sending itt to Bawtrey & my owne time & my mens in 
takeing care & loading of itt againe to send itt to 
Chattsworth 


THE THIRD SCHEDULE. 


bis 3S. OG: 


73. 09 0 


A note of ye Money imprested to Mr. Jackson himselfe & 
paid to his men on his account for the New Building att 


Chatsworth. 
U2. S i 
1687. Apr. 13 by James Whildon ... ..» 450 00 00 
lye 05) ne digd sae 219 .-. 150 00 00 
(getty Gem “gs eS, ocean at eae egOD eras 
Oct. 20 e-.: sis Sats ws ... 140 00 00 
DWecwrOmee oe ae a ... 160 00 00 
March ... mae wae ie as 140 ©0 00 
1688. [ ] 29 ie wits wa ... I40 00 00 
May 23 ... 300 500 Sor ..» 140 00 0O 
Mee 3 ane is ic ie ... 140 00 00 
Aug. 17... Sen 5013 ae wo) £50 GO (CO 
Octigasntn. we oat iss ... 210 00 00 
INOW sere ¥ BGC sts ..«. 140 00 00 


. 1440 00 00 


. 0920 00 00 


| = Qe ee 


at 
CHATSWORTH BUILDING ACCOUNTS. 53 
hy Sed, 1 OER aaa b, 
ADK. 13.6 420 00 00 
May 22 200 00 00 
June 13 150 00 00 
July ee 060 00 00 
Oech, 22" x 500 00 00 
Dée:. 21 ~ «5 oa et 300 00 00 
Feb. 27 att London ... 100 00 CO ... 1730 00 00 
Apr. 6 350 00 00 
June 21 429 00 00 
July 29 300 09 00 
Ochs 10! -:: es 500 00 00 
Weg Tol s,. eae nas 500 00 00 
Mar. 24 to Robt. Kirke I50 00 00 _ ... 2229 00 00 
Auge “4\-5.. te it: Fon ..» 300 00 00 
Sept. 28 in Holland & to pay for freight 
of Marble... ... 073 0C 0O 
Nov. 7 by 4 weekes pay to his men 107 12 o4} 
Dec. 24 by 5 weekes pay to hismen 112 09 00} 
Feb. 1 by 4 weekes pay to his men 075 05 00 
Mar. 14 by 4 weckes pay to his men 058 09 00 


», 24 by 3 weekes pay to his men 


Apr 12 to Mr. Jackson at London 
May 5 to his men for 6 weekes wages 
June 24 to his men for 6 weekes wages 
July 27 to his men for 6 weekes wages 
Sept. 5 to his men for 6 weekes wages 
Oct. 20 to himselfe we ag 
Heb. 1 to his men in full for their 
Mar. 23 wages 


Dec. 1 To Mr. Jackson 
23 more 


Ap. 24 To Robert Kirke 
May 11 To Robert Kirke 


055 02 08 ... 0781 18 04 


575 14 028 ... 1088 12 054 


150 00 00 
050 00 CO ... 0200 00 00 
100 00 00 

100 00 00... 0200 00 00 


£8589 10 o9t 


54 

1695. Apr. 
Dec. 

1696. Sept. 


CHATSWORTH BUILDING ACCOUNTS. 


For the Bathing Roome... 
For the Bathing Roome... 


For the Bathing Roome... 
For the Bathing Roome... 


For the Inner Court pavement... 


For the Terras & Staires 
more 
more 


Lb isn 
100 00 00 
050 00 00 


030 00 00 
020 00 00 
043 16 10 
120 00 00 
122 03 04 
102 04 00 


lime Saas 


588 04 02 


PLATE I. 


VOL, III. 


Pee) 
a) 
= 
nome 
= |- 
8 
S 
a 
oS 
a 
re 
He 


ov — es 
pep VA 


v 


=) 


55 


Lnecised Slabs ix Croxall Chureh, 


DRAWN BY Mary USSHER. 


all. the North-east angle of the Chancel of Croxall 
Church lies the alabaster Monumental Slab, a draw- 
ing of which accompanies this. It commemorates 
William Curzon, son of John Curzon, of Croxall, and Anne 
his wife, formerly Ashby, of Quenby, Co. Leicester. 

The inscription is :— 


Hic jacet Willielmus Ourzon 
filins Sobis Gurzon armigeri 
dni de Grosxball 
qui obiit festo Sci Swithini 
anno dni MCGCCLAAAVSS. 
ppiciet deus. Amen. 


The effigy is represented in a chrisom,* thereby denoting he 
died in infancy. His hair is confined by a fillet, and his 
_head rests on an embroidered cushion. The slab measures 28 


by 17 inches. 
CA oS 


* The Chrisom was a white vesture put upon the child by the Priest, 
with these words: ‘Receive a white, holy and spotless vesture, which 
thou shalt wear before the judgment seat of our Lord Jesus Christ, that thou 
mayest have eternal life, and live for ever and ever. Amen.” The Chrisom 
was provided by the Church, and returned, or a new one in its stead, by 
a the mother, with other accustomed offerings at her purification. If the 
child died within this period it was buried in its Chrisom. 


56 


Aw Inventory of Furniture at Beauchtef 
Hall, (1691), 


By S. O. Appy, M.A. 


in a bold engrossing hand on a roll of parchment 


etd} about thirty feet long, will serve to show how a 
ae squire’s residence was furnished at the end of the 
seventeenth century. At the present day, when the style of 
furniture known as “Queen Anne” has become fashionable, 
a detailed list of all the household goods of a large country 
residence, and the quantity of furniture in each room, may 
prove of service. We are apt, now-a-days, to crowd our rooms 
with too great a profusion of all kinds of furniture. A 
perusal of this inventory will show that the various apartments 
of the house were by no means overcrowded. We may suppose 
that the furniture at Beauchief was of a simple, and tastefully 
decorated kind. In an account of Beauchief Hall, Brailsford, 
a Derbyshire antiquary, who lived at the beginning of the last 
century, says :— : 
“On the ground floor of the house are seventeen rooms. 
On the next floor, with the hall, parlour, and dining-room, are 
seven rooms; and in the dining-room is a pretty wrought 
chimney piece of alabaster; and between the pillars, on each 
side, supporting a canopy, is the effigies of an ancient man 
with a long beard, with a furred gown of half-sleeves, and 
upon a mantle thrown over his shoulders a collar of S. S. and 


AN INVENTORY OF FURNITURE AT BEAUCHIEF HALL, 57 


‘roses, a little book in his hand, a ruff up to his ears, and 
cap upon his head, like unto a judge’s cap. On the outside 
of the said supporters or pillars is the arms of Pegge, quartering 
Strelley’s. Above this floor of rooms is another story.” 

The inventory was taken shortly after the death of Strelley 
_ Pegge, Fsq., Barrister-at-law, who died without issue. 


A TRUE AND PERFECT INVENTARY OF ALL AND SINGULAR THE 
Goops, CHATTLES AND CREDITTS OF STRELLEY PEGG LATE OF BEAU- 
CHIEFFE IN THE COUNTY OF DarRBy EsQ. DECD. TAKEN, VALLUED, AND 
- APPRAIZED THE FOURTEENTH DAY OF DECEMBER ANNO DOMINI ONE 
THOUSAND SIX HUNDRED NINETY ONE, BY THOMAS BuRLEY,* JOHN 
ROTHERHAM, JUNR., GODFREY WEBSTER, AND CHARLES DIXON AS 
FOLLOWETH (VIZ?) 


Impris. his Purse and Apparrell vis xe qe 4L 


In THE HALL. 

Item one long table one pound five shillings. One square Table 

eight shillings. Two Side Tables Twelve shillings. Four 

Chairs, eight shillings, one Range six shillings .. We eelfes maalasss 


IN THE DINEING ROOME. 

Item one Side Table and Carpett, ten shillings, one Couch 

-,  Chaire, Twenty four Chaires and Covers, ten pounds. Six 

: covered Stooles and two small ones one pound. One large 

Seeing Glass fifteen shillings. Range, fire shovell and 

Tongs seayen shillings .. BAS se car) SRL ess 


; THE Ant HALL. 
[Item one green Coach [couch ?] Chaire Ae ie liijs. 


THE PALLAtr ROoME. 

-Ttem one Bed, hedsteed, Curtaines, Vallence, and Rodds. One 

feather Bed, one feather Bolster, two feather pillows. One 

pair of Blanketts, One other Blankett. One Bed hilling + 

and Stock Bed a se oP Be ENTE SE 


* Thomas Burley, of Greenhill, in Norton, gent., an influential and respéct- 
able person. He married Elizabeth, dau., of Godfrey Froggatt of Staveley, 
a She died in 1699, xt. 33. He afterwards removed to Hagg Hall in 
‘the parish of Staveley, and then to Wooley, co. York. He appears to have 
_ been a joint-purchaser of Haselborough, formerly belonging to John, Lord 
 Freschville. (Yorkshire Diaries, Surtees Society.) 
+ Bed-covering, There is a verb to hile. 
“« Thei Ai/ed hem, I telle hit the 
With leves of a fige tre.” Cutr'sor ALundi. 


58 AN INVENTORY OF FURNITURE AT BEAUCHIEF HALL. 


Item one Side Table with a drawer, two Stands, eighteen 
shillings. Six Cane Chaires two pound. One large Seeing 
Glass * fifteen shillings. One small Range one shilling and 
sixpence. One Globe window Curtain and Rods five shillings iiiZ. xixs. ijd. 


IN THE PARLOUR. 
Item Two Side Tables. One carpett, Ten shillings. Twelve 
leather chaires, Two pounds. Two sealed + chaires, five 
Cushions eight shillings. A pair of Tables two shillings. 
Range, fire shovell & Tongs six and eight pence .. iid, vis. viijd, 


Item one Iron Back broake .. 3 se a liis. 


IN THE FURTHER CLOSETT. 
Item one chest of Drawers five shillings. Two chests, one little 
press five shillings three little Desks, eight fire $ boxes, one 
chair, three little buffett stooles, eight shillings. One fire 

Range and pair of tongs two shillings : ate i, iiijs. 

IN THE NEARER CLOSETT. 
Item One little table and Carpett three shillings One old Coach 
chair three shillings. Two chaires, two buffets, two shillings, 


Ten fire boxes, two shillings. Three pictures, ten shillings iZ, 
Item the Library § vs ah an 3% xxd, 
Item one clock and bell in the passage oie an iZ, 


THE OLD MASTER’s CHAMBER. 
Item one bedsted, curtaines, vallence, and rods fifteen shillings. 
One feather Bed, two feather pillows, three Blanketts. One 
old Rug. One bedhilling, one old Stock bed and one 
feather bolster and paire of sheets two pound five shillings iid, 
Item one old trundle bed, one small feather bed, two feather 
bolsters and pair sheets, two blanketts, one Coverlid .. 
Item one little table, two chairs and a Stoole, one little stand 
and-an old seeing glass. One small Range, fire shovell and 


tongs ate ne id Se bir ixs. 


In Mrs. Tatron’s|| CLOSETT. 
Item eight fire boxes, two basketts, a stand and Iron screw stand VS. 


* Looking-glass. 

+ Chairs with panelled backs, I think. Halliwell gives sce/, to wainscot. 

+ Fir or deal boxes, I think. 

§ The library must have been considerable. Its late owner, as we have 
seen, was a barrister. 

|| Mary, 2nd daughter of Edward Pegge, Esq. of Beauchief, and sister of 
Strelley Pegge the deceased, married Thomas Tatton of Withenshaw, co. 
Chester, gent. 


AN INVENTORY OF FURNITURE AT BEAUCHIEF HALL. 59 


Item two Tin Coffee potts. One small tin plate. <A pair of 
snuffers. One Tin Can. Two Extinguishers. One white 
possett pott.* Six tin patty pans. Six coffee dishes. Twelve 
glass bottles, eight earthern potts one glass cup, three 
shillings and sixpence .. sy as ie vis. vid. 


IN THE PANTRY. 


Item Thirteen dozen of glass bottles one pound six shillings. A 
frame for bottles six shillings and eightpence. One square 
table three shillings. Six firr boxes and a desk three shillings 
Six pair of Bowles and Jack fifteen shillings, One stone 
morter and pestle. One old bottle frame, five shillings, six 
earthen Venison potts. Two juggs, four small potts. A 
little mugge, one shilling and sixpence or ar ij, ijd. 


IN THE PANTRY BY THE HALL. 


Item one little table, two old chairs, anda napkin press .. vis. viijd. 


IN THE WARDROBE CLOSETT. 


Item two seeled + presses fifteen shillings, one old Trunk fifteen 
shillings, Sixteen old boxes. A mop one shilling and six- 
pence. A dosen and halfe sett cushions one pound seaven 
shillings. Five large Carpetts two pound. Two white 
Ruggs one pound ten. One coverlett, one cradle Rugg four 
blanketts twelve shillings. Five small feather pillows a 
green Carpett five shillings. A sett of green Curtaines and 
vallence and two yellow Curtaines nine shillings. A child’s 
chair one shilling fe te Bn aia nag Wal ep SOs 


IN THE NURSERY. 


Item one bedsted, curtaines, vallence, and Rodds. One feather 
Bed, one feather bolster, three feather pillows, three 


blanketts. A bed hilling. One sheet af ee ij. xs. 
Item one old Trunk, two boxes, an old Stoole. A reading desk. 
A Landiron ns fe a lijs. 


i 

* Possett was a drink made of wine or treacle boiled with milk. A posset 
was usually taken before retiring to rest. See Merry Wives of Windsor, Act v. 
Scene v. This one was doubtless made of earthenware. In the possession of 
- my own family is a posset pot inscribed ‘‘ John and Sarah Oldall, 1761.” 

+ See ante. — 

{ Halliwell gives ‘‘landern,” a North-country word meaning a fire grate. 


60 AN INVENTORY OF FURNITURE AT BEAUCHIEF HALL. 


In THE RED CHAMBER. 

Item one bedsted, curtaines and vallence and rods. One feather 
bed one feather Bolster two feather pillows, one blankett 
and one bed hilling two pound ten shillings. One little 
table, one stand, four chaires and a buffett stool eight 
shillings and sixpence .. os 


In THE PURPLE CHAMBER. 

Item one bedsteed, curtaines, vallence and Rods. One feather 
bed, one feather bolster, three blanketts, a bed hilling four 
pound. One little table, six Cane chairs. One little buffett, 
a paper Skreen. One Range two pound five shillings .. 


In THE HaLL CHAMBER. 
Item three tables, one old chaire os As gent 


IN THE PARLOUR CHAMBER... 

Item one bedsted, curtaines, vallence, and Rodds. One feather 
Bed, one feather bolster, one feather pillow, one pair of 
sheets, one pair of blanketts, one bed hilling four pound five 
shillings. One side table and carpet, four chaires and a 
cushion seaven shillings and sixpence. One seeing glass, 
one green Carpett four shillings Range and fire shovell 


In THE LITTLE CHAMBER. 

Item a bedsted, curtaines, two small feather beds, a feather 
bolster and one pillow, four blanketts, a pair of sheetts and 
bed hilling two pound. One side table, two chairs, a buffett 
and a small carpett. A close stool and pana small hanging 
shelfe two cushions ten shillings 


In Mrs. Ann’s * CHAMBER. 

Item one bedsteed, Curtaines, vallence and Rodds and all the 
furniture belonging to it, six pounds, One side table and 
carpett, five shillings. One other little table four shillings. 
A chest of drawers one pound, five covered chaires, 
a skreene and two hanging shelves, five shillings, an 
old trunk, a seeing glass, range, fire shovell and tongs and 
an old stand seaven shillings 


vjZ. vs. 


xivs. lijd. 


vi, js. vjd. 


Ij. ORS. 


viijl. is. 


a Ann Pegge, eldest daughter of Edward Pegge of Beauchief, Esq., and 
sister of Strelley Pegge, the deceased, married Thomas Southby, of Birdsall, 


Co. York, Esq. 


: In THE PaAssAGE CHAMBER. 
Item one bedsted, curtaines, vallence and Rodds, two feather 
beds, four blanketts, a payer of sheets, and an old Rugg and 


quilt two pound ten shillings. A chest of drawers, one large 
chest, one trunk, four stooles, one old chaire, two boxes, 
~- one pound sixteen shillings 


: In THE YELLOW CHAMBER. 

Item one bedsteed, curtaines, vallence and Rods, one feather 
bed, one feather bolster, four blanketts, two Ruggs, two 
pounds. Two small presses. One chest fifteen shillings. 

A closet stoole and pan, one range, six shillings and eight 
pence. One chest at stayer head four shillings 


IN THE MAIpE’s CHAMBER. 

Item one halfe headed bedsteed. One feather bed and matteris. 
Two feather bolsters, one feather pillow, three blankétts, 
two coverlids one pound fifteen shillings. A trundle bed- 
steed, a little cubboard, an old Trunk and little andiron* 
eight shillings oe 


ne 


IN’ THE GALLARY. 


Item one table, one livery Cubbord, one presse, and some loose 
wood ; =a + 


In Mr. LeEr’s CHAMBER. 

Kiem one halfe headed bed, one feather bed, one feather bolster, 
four blanketts, a pair of Sheets and a coverlid one pound 
fifteen shillings. Two side Tables, one Carpett, one chaire, 
a buffett, a Seeing glass, range and fire shovell seaven 
shillings 

IN THE FURTHER JOYNER’S CHAMBER. 


Item five long plankes and fourteen boards, three worke boards 


5 and certaine other loose wood 


THE NEER JOYNER’S CHAMBER. 
Item one halfe headed bedsteed, one feather bolster, a blankett 
and an old Rugg six shillings and eightpence. One old 
skreen, one old Chest, three old trunks two shillings and 
sixpence ws Re ote ae S 


* Andirons are properly the ornamental irons on each side of 


AN INVENTORY OF FURNITURE AT BEAUCHIEF HALL. 61 


iiijZ, vis. 


iij2. vs. viijd. 


iid. iijs. 


i/, vis. viijd. 


ij. ifs. 


ixs, ijd. 


ee 


the hearthin 


old houses, which were accompanied with small rests for the ends of the logs. 
The latter were sometimes called dogs, but the term andiron frequently 
includes both, as in the proverb recorded by Howell, ‘‘ Bands and attorneyes, 
«es like andyrons, the one holds the sticks the other clients, till they consume.” 


62 AN INVENTORY OF FURNITURE AT BEAUCHIEF HALL. 


In THE ALz CELLER. 
Item three hogsheads and one barrell. One dozen and halfe of 
glass bottles. Ee a at: 30 xllijs. 


IN THE BEERE CELLER. 
Item Three hogsheads andtressells .. ac ae ixs. 


IN THE LANDRY. 
Item one long table, a little table, and old couch chaire, a 
limbeck* and two stills. A horse to dry cloathes ot ES 


In THE OvutTWaRD Datry. 


Item one Range, one cheese press Si : ae vjs. 


Tue MeEn’s Lopcinc Room. 
Item two halfe headed bedsteeds, two feather bedds, two flock 
bolsters, one feather bolster, two pair sheets, two pair of 
blankeits, two bed hillings three pounds. One old Chest 
and an old trunk two shillings ots i a liijZ. ijs. 


In THE Hinps’ f HALL. 


Item one Longe Table, three formes .. ee XS. 


THE LINNEN. 
Item In Madam Pegg’s drawers, one pair of holland sheets. 
One holland pillow beer, two diaper table cloathes, two 
dozen and eleven diaper napkins, two diaper side board 
cloaths, three diaper towells c on .- WE, is. via 
Item two pair of Linnen sheets, one flaxen sheet, one course 
sheet, and five pillow beers bx. at = xixs. vjd@. 
Item fourteen pair of Linnen sheets, twelve pillow beers, six 
linnen side board cloaths se ar .. LijZ xiijs. iijd. 
Item two dozen and ten fine Hagabuck napkins. One large 
Hagabuck table cloath, one side board cloath, one little 


table cloath .. ote a5 : Be ijZ. 
Item fourteen course Hagabuck napkins and one course table 

cloath os at ds hs = viijs. 
Item four dozen and nine dyaper napkins, three dyaper table 

cloathes, and three dyaper towells.. Se ei xilijs. 
Item six flaxen table cloathes de = Ble vjs. 
Item eleven calico table cloathes, and twelve course towells .. i. iijs. 


* An alembic. 

‘++ Servants or bailiffs in husbandry. It may be that the table in this hall 
was the one which stood in the refectory of the abbey, for in the inventory 
taken at the dissolution is: Bords iij, forms iij, tressyls vj. 


AN INVENTORY OF FURNITURE AT BEAUCHIEF HALL. 63 


a THE PLATE. 


Item Three Silver Tankards, two Stand Salts, Seaven little 
7 Salts, One Salver, One Cupp, One Tumbler, One Bowle, 
three large porringers, One small porringer, one dozen and 
nine Spoones, One forke and a ladle conteyning sixteen 
pounds weight which at five shillings per ounce is nt IxiiijZ, 


IN THE KITCHEN. 


Item twenty seaven pewter dishes, one hundred two quarters 
and six pounds, and forty five pewter plates and two small 
Swaters (?) two quarters and six pounds att eight pence per 
pound is oe “ : 

- Item four round plates. One pasty plate oe Aa xs. vjd. 
Item one little pewter dish, two plates and a cullender seaven 

pounds wt. one round plate three pound 5c xe is. vj. 
Item three flagons and three candlesticks oe ne 

Item six little brass candlesticks, a chafing dish, two two (s?c) 


iiij. 


pair of snuffers and a Case ate sess fe xS. 

_ Item one warming pan and a pair of scales 4e ae lijs. 
~ Item one tin pasty pan 36 aa a as is. vid. 
Item one Drudging Tin Can oe or +c is. 

Item three musketts, two fowling peeces, and a blunderbuss 


without a lock .. Ns a ‘: ae i/, 


Item one Jack, six Spitts, one large dripping pan, and a pair of 
. racks and Rakeing hook .. a ; . id, vjs. viijd. 
Item one Iron hud back and Rang and Briggs*-. a.) | WdaRjss Liy@e 
~ Item an old chaire and two buffett stooles a ne ixd. 
Item fire shovell and Tongs a ae ne iijs. 


IN THE SCULLERY. 


_ Item two Iron potts oo ae ic ais VS. 
‘Ttem two brass potts, one brass posnettt or Fa viijs. 
Item one brass pan and a brass skellet.{ Three sauce pans .. vijs. 
Item a chopping knife and skimmer ; ee ar is. 
Item one copper plate and frying pan .. ree $c ijs. vjd. 
‘Item one small Ladle and beefe forke .. ee se vjd. 
4 [tem an andiron and three pair of pott hooks ic BE ijs. vjd. 


__ * Tsuppose this means the back of the fire-place which was made of iron, 
; ihe gives drig as a North Country word, meaning a kind of iron set over 
is 

_ + A round saucepan. 

} A round saucepan. 


64 AN INVENTORY OF FURNITURE AT BEAUCHIEF HALL. 


In THE BREW HOUvSsE. 
Item two flasketts,* one cheese Tub, and two old barrills_ .. vs. 
Item one Lead me ae ad at ac ijZ. 


In THE Dry LARDER. 
Item one table, a little desk, and an old chest, a Doshent 
and Cheese ffat 23 Be af .. —_-Vis. viijd. 


In THE BEETING HOUSE. 


Item one Large Arke xe che fe ars il. 
Item one old Arke and chest A - a XS. 
Item a beeting chest, kneading Trough, and two temses{ XS. 


ATT STRAWBERRY LEE. 


Item seaven score weathers and seaventy five ewes we liiiZ, xs. 
Item hey there .. Bi a as .. ijl, vjs. viijd. 
Item one Cow In calv’d a i ote Ae li/, xs. 


In THE AgpBy FLATT. 


Item nineteen fat weathers and six ews ae ae viijZ. vs. 
Item one Oxe, two Segges§ and a bull .. ae s): xvi, 
Item three heiffers — ae 5. ag x/, 
Item four oxen 2s i ce Be ra xixd, 
Item two heiffers .. oe fe Ze Ne id, xvijs. 
Item one hundred thirty seaven more Store Sheep att three 

shillings and six pencea peice... Se .. xxilijZ, ixs. vd. 
Item one bay mare and Gelding we =f £8 xvjl. 
Item two little grey horses .. ve ; a vj. 
Item one old white mare and a black horse na a: ijl mse 
Item three asses and a foale .. Hc i Be ijZ. 


In THE LOWER STABLE. 
Item three Teames, two pair of waine bucks,|| two pair of Iron 
horses gayres two pair plow buckles, three sling yoakes, 
two Copp yoakes,** and gang of felkes++ .. ve AZ KO es 
Item chopt Barke .. fs a Ws a vjé. vs. 


* A sort of basket fixed to the spigot inside the brewing vat as a sieve to 
prevent the hops from coming through. 

+ A tub to hold bread. Not in Halliwell with this meaning. 

+ Sieves. 

§ According to Halliwell this word means a castrated bull. It is now said 
to mean an old sow, but the former meaning seems to apply here. 

|| Either the body of a wagon, or the iron to which the horses are tied. 

% Que 

ry: 
+t Felkes are the felloes of a wheel. 


Owe 


AN INVENTORY OF FURNITURE AT BEAUCHIEF HALL. 65 


IN THE OVER STABLE. 


Item four saddles, three bridles, one case of pistols and holsters i/. xvis. viijd. 


In THE CORNE CHAMBER. 


Item one péece of sheet lead . oe : id, 
Item one pith pan* and mice, one waine Rope we two aie vjs. viijd. 
Item Blend corne in the garner a oe is XVS. 
Item one hack, one mattock, one axe,} one spade and two forkes _iijs. iiijd. 


IN THE CoacH Hovuse. 
Item one Iron plow, two other plows, one oxe harrow, two 
horse harrows and an old Coach .. ap a i/. xs. 
Item two long planks ps 3 oe Pa vijs. 
IN THE WAINE House. 
Item two ladders, two Cart waines, one Corne waine body, two 
old waine bodyes, aladder hose .. 4s Se iiij/, xs. 
IN THE FOULD. 


Item maynor and two old Standheeks $ ve “5 ijd. 


CORNE IN THE BARNE. 


Item wheate ten pounds, Barley two pound Ten Shillings, Oates 


| * and pease Twelve pounds ‘ a on KRUZ RS 
Item wheate sowen upon ground iy oy fais pd, ee 
Item hay in the barnes and stack Be aH. ‘ xd, 
Item twenty seaven stone of Wool at seven shillings six pence 
p’ stone je 8 ae oF wo KA TS. wyede 


AT THE CORNE MILL. 


Item one great Mooter§ Arke, three little arkes, ten shillings, 

six boards, two sives, one hairecloath, one ffan, one pound hs 

five shillings eight pence tweve (sic) paper hammers, one 

dusting sive and pickes three shillings and fourpence. Two 

horses there one pound .. we a ae ii/, xixs. 


* A pitch-pan, for pitch used in marking sheep. 

+ A strong pick-axe or hoe. 

t Racks for cattle to eat from. 

§ From mu/tuza. The chest which receives the flour when ground. 


66 AN INVENTORY OF FURNITURE AT BEAUCHIEF HALL. 


Item Offall Wood and certaine Haslements fe Ae 12. 


Suma totalis hujus inventerii ccccxcix/. vs. ilijd. 


Exhibitum fuit ....inventerium duodecimo die mensis Martii Anno Domini 
1691 (Stilo Angliz) per Magistrum Robertum Bargrave notarium publicum 


procuratorem pro executore, pro vero, pleno, et perfecto inventerio, sub 
protestatione tamen de addendo &c. 


THO: WILLIAM REG’ 


67 


Pevigrvee of Porton, of Catton, with some 
Notes ow that faniilp. 


By RIcHARD USSHER. 


HE Hortons of Catton had their origin in Cheshire ; the 
Manor of Horton was held bya family of that name in 
the reign of Edward I. According to Dr. Williamson 
the name was Griffith in the reign of Henry III., but their 
descendants assumed the local name in lieu thereof. Who the 
immediate ancestors of Roger Horton, who founded at Catton, in 
1400, the Derbyshire family of that name, were, it is difficult to 
discover. His /nuguzsition post mortem proves that he held lands 
in several other counties besides Derbyshire. There are some 
evidences extant, however, which would tend to prove that he 
moved to Catton, in Derbyshire, from Warton, near Polesworth, 
in Warwickshire. He married Alice Saint Pierre, daughter of John 
Saint Pierre, of Coole Pilate, in the county of Chester, and left 
three sons—William, John, and Thomas. With regard to the 


eldest, William, there is a curious document extant, and it has 
been thought advisable to publish it in connection with the 
pedigree of this family. It is fully explained below. 


PROBACIO AZTATIS OF WILLIAM HorRTON. 


On the death of a tenant holding by Knight’s service, an inquisition was 
held pursuant to the King’s Writ of ‘‘ diem clausit extremum” to inquire into 
the nature of his tenure, the extent and value of his lands, and the name and 
age of his heir. Ifthe deceased was found to hold of the King zz cafite, and 
his heir was under age, the King by his prerogative took the lands into 


68 PEDIGREE OF HORTON, OF CATTON. 


his own hands as guardian without rendering an account of the profits, 
and kept them, or gave them in trust to some individual to hold, till the 
heir proved himself of age. When the heir came of full age, in order to 
obtain his lands out of the King’s hands, he sued for a writ ‘‘De etate 
probanda,” which was forthwith issued to Commissioners, as well as to 
the Escheator, to inquire into the age of the infant, another writ was issued to 
the Sheriff to impanel a jury before the Commissioners upon an appointed 
day. This jury returned a verdict on oath, and the heir, if proved of age, 
obtained possession of his lands. - The evidences and illustrations produced 
by these juries are often interesting ; they sometimes contain graphic pictures 
of domestic life, and local incidents. This one of William Horton is very 
quaint. 


Chancery. Ing. p. m. 17 Hen. VI., No. 65. 20 May, 1439. 
The King’s writ to the Escheator, sewn to the Inquisition. 


Henricus Dei gracia rex Anglie et Francie et Dominus Hibernie Escaetori 
suo in Comitatu Derbie salutem. Quia Wills’ Hortone filius et heres Rogeri 
Hortone defuncti qui de nobis tenuit in capite dicit se plene etatis esse petit a 
nobis terras et tenementa que sunt de hereditate sua tam in custodia nostra 
quam in custodia Will’i Waldeffe et Thome Wylcoke ex concessione nostra 
sibi reddi per quod volumus quod idem Will’s qui apud Cattone in Comitatu 
predicto natus et in ecclesia eiusdem ville baptizatus fuit ut dicitur etatem 
suam probet coram etc. Et ideo tibi precipimus quod vos certos diem et 
locum quos ad hoc provideritis probactonem predictam per sacramentum tam 
Militum quam aliorum proborum et legalium hominum de balliva tua per quos 
probacio illa capi et veritas etatis predicte melius sciri poterit et inquiri capias. 
Et scire facias prefatis Will’o Waldeffe et Thome quod tune sint ibi ad 
ostendendum si quid pro se habeant vel dicere sciant quare prefatus Will’s 
Hortone ut illi qui plene etatis est si plene etatis sit terras et tenementa illa 
cum pertinenciis reddere non debeamus. Et probacionem illam sic captam 
nobis in Cancellariam nostram sub sigillo tuo et sigillis eorum per quos facta 
fuit sine dilacione mittas et hoc breve Teste me ipso apud Westmonasterium 


xx die Maij Anno regni nostro decimo septimo. 


The King’s writ to the Escheator sewn to the Inquisition. 


Henry, by the grace of God, King of England and France, and Lord 
of Ireland, to his Escheator in the County of Derby, greeting. Whereas 
William Horton son and heir of Roger Horton deceased, who held from us 
in capite, says that he is of full age, and seeks to be returned to him certain 
lands and tenements from us which are his by inheritance, and which are 
in our keeping, as well as in that of William Waldeffe and Thomas Wylcoke. 


’ 


PEDIGREE OF HORTON, OF CATTON. 69 


Wherefore we wih that the said William who was born at Catton, in the 
aforesaid County, and baptized in the Church of the said village, as is reported 
may prove his age in the presence of, etc. And therefore we direct you that | 
on a certain day, and place, which you shall provide for this, you shall take 
the said proof by the oath as well of Knights as of other good and lawful men, 
by whom this proof may be taken and the truth of the said age may be better 
known and enquired. And you shall make known to the aforesaid William 
Waldeffe and Thomas, as they may be there, if they have heard anything 
within their own knowledge or hear said, why the aforesaid William Horton 
is full of age, or that we ought not to restore the said lands or tenements, with 
their appurtenances to him. And that you shall send in without delay the 
aforesaid proof, thus taken to us in our Chancery, under your seal, and the 
seals of those by whom it was made, and this writ. Witness ourselves at 
Westminster the 20th day of May in the seventeenth year of our reign. 


WILuiaAM Horton Prospacio AETATIS, BORN 1 May, 1404, 5 HEN. IV. 
Chancery. Ing. v. m. 17 Hen. VI., No. 65.. Taken 20 June, 1439. 


Probacio etatis Wilii Hortone in brevi domini Regis huic probacioni 
consuta nominati capta apud Repyngtone in Comitatu Derbie vicesimo die 
Junij Anno regni Henrici sexti decimo septimo coram Will’mo Hetone 
Escaetori domini Regis in Comitatu predicto vertute brevis eiusdem domini 
Regis eidem Escaetore directi et huic probacioni consuti per sacramentum Johan- 
nis Hugge senyoris, Johannis Whyttyng, Will’i Jrpe Henrici Ampe, Johannis 
Bayly, Will’i Smythe, Henrici Hukyne, Will’i Maylour, Will’i Jeynkynsone, 
Ricardi Taylour Johannis Pryst et Johannis Lessone inratorum et separatim super 
etatem predicti Will’i Hortone diligentes examinatorum qui dicunt super sacra- 
mentum suum quod predictus Will’mus Hortone natus fuit apud Cattone 
in dicto brevi nominatum primo die Maij Anno regni domini Henrici nuper 
Regis Anglie Avi domini Regis nunc quinto et in ecclesia in eadem brevi 
nominata eodem die baptizatus etatis et fuit viginta et unius annorum et 
amplius primo die Maii Anno quarto dicti domini Regis nunc. 

Et predictus Johannes Hugge etatis sexaginta annorum et amplius hoc 
bene scit quia dicit quod ipse Johannes Hugge perquisivit de Johanne 
Rawlyne sibi et heredibus suis unam virgatam terre cum pertinenciis in 
Cattone predicta eodem die quo prefatus Will’mus Hortone natus et bap- 
tizatus fuit per quod bene recolit quod idem Will’mus fuit predicte etatis 
viginti et unius annorum et amplius. 

Et predictus Johannes Whyttyng etatis quinquagenta et octo annorum et 
amplius hoc bene scit quia dicit quod quidam Robertus filius ejusdem 
Johannis Whyttyng natus fuit eodem die et in dicta ecclesia baptizatus quo 


7oO PEDIGREE OF HORTON, OF CATTON. 


prefatus Will’mus Hortone natus fuit per quod bene recolit quod idem 
Will’mus fuit predicte etatis viginti et unius annorum et amplius. 

Et predictus Will’mus Jrpe etatis quinquagenta et nouem annorum et 
amplius hoc bene scit quia dicit quod ipse factus fuit Clericus parochialis 
ecclesie predicte eodem die quo prefatus Will’mus natus fuit per quod bene 
recolit quod idem Will’mus fuit predicte etatis viginti et unius annorum 
et amplius. 

Et predictus Henricus Ampe etatis sexaginta et vnius annorum et amplius 
hoc bene scit quod ipse desponsavit Johannam uxorem eius in ecclesia de 
Maysham eodem die quo prefatus Will’mus natus fuit per quod bene recolit 
quod idem Will’mus fuit predicte etatis viginti et unius annorum et 
amplius. 

Et predictus Johannes Bayly etatis sexaginta et trium annorum et amplius 
hoc bene scit quia dicit quod ipse habuit quondam domum combustam in 
Cattone predicto eodem die qua prefatus Will’mus Hortone natus fuit per 
quod bene recolit quod idem Will’mus fuit predicte etatis viginti et unius 
annorum et amplius. 

Et predictus Will’mus Smythe etatis sexaginta et septem annorum et 
amplius hoc bene scit quia dicit quod Johannes Smythe pater predicti Will’i 
Smythe eodem die quo predictus Will’mus Hortone natus fut viam vniverse 
carnis fuit ingressus per quod bene recolit quod idem Will’mus Hortone fuit 
predicte etatis viginti et unius annorum et amplius. 

Et predictus Henricus Huckyne etatis sexaginta et octo annorum et 
amplius hoc bene scit quia dicit quod ipse detulit crismatorium ad fontem 
predicte ecclesie de Cattone eodem tempore quo dictus Will’mus baptizatus 
fuit per quod bene recolit idem Will’mus fuit predicte etatis viginti et unius 
annorum et amplius. 

Et predictus Will’mus Maylour etatis sexaginta et duorum annorum et 
amplius hoc bene scit quia dicit quod Henricus pater predicti Will’1 Maylour 
fuit compater predicti Will’i Hortone et predictus Will’mus Maylour fuit 
patre suo ex eius mandato in ecclesia de Cattone predicta eodem 
tempore quo dictus Will’mus Hortone baptizatus fuit per quod bene recolit 
quod idem Will’s fuit predicte etatis viginti et unius annorum et amplius. 

Et predictus Will’mus Jeynkynsone etatis quinquaginta et novem annorum 
et amplius hoc bene scit quia dicit quod Johannes Batte graviter verberavit et 
vulneravit predictum Will’m Jeynkynsone apud Cattone predictam predicto 
die apud Cattone predictam predicto die quo dictus Will’s Hortone natus fuit 
per quod bene recolit quod idem Will’mus fuit predicte etatis viginti et unius 
annorum et amplius. 

Et predictus Ricardus Taylour etatis sexaginta et quinque annorum et 
amplius hoc bene scit quia dicit quod Alicia filia eius maritata fuit Johanni 
Boldynge in ecclesia de Cattone predicta eodem die quo dictus Will’mus 


PEDIGREE OF HORTON, OF CATTON. 71 


Hortone natus fuit per quod bene recolit quod idem Will’mus fuit predicte 
@tatis viginti et vnius annorum et amplius. 

Et predictus Johannes Pryst etatis sexaginta quatuor annorum et amplius 
hoc bene scit quia dicit quod ipse portavit torciem ante predictum Will’mum 
Hortone quando portatus fuit ad ecclesiam de Cattone predictam ad bap- 
tizandum per quod bene recolit quod Will’mus fuit predicte etatis viginti et 
unius annorum et amplius. 

Et predictus Johannes Lessone etatis sexaginta et sex annorum et amplius 
hoe bene scit quia dicit quod ipse cecidit de equo suo super terram in Cattone 
predicta et tibiam suam fregit eodem die quo prefatus Will’mus Hortone natus 
fuit per quod bene recolit quod idem Will’mus fuit predicte etatis viginti et 
unius annorumet amplius. In cuius rei testimonium Juratores predicti huic 
probacioni sigilla sua apposuerunt. Data die loco et anno supradictis. 

Proof of the age of William Hortone named in the writ of the Lord the 
King sewn to this proof. 

Taken at Repton, in the County of Derby, on the twentieth day of June, 
in the seventeenth year of the reign of King Henry the Sixth, before William 
Hetone, Escheator of our Lord the King, in the aforesaid County, by virtue 
of a Brief of the said Lord the King, directed to the same Escheator, and 
sewn to this proof, by the oath of John Hugge Senior, John Whytting, 
William Irpe, Henry Ampe, John Bayly, William Smyth, Henry Hukyne, 
William Maylour, William Jeynkysone, Richard Taylour, John Pryst, and 
John Lessone jurors, and diligently examined separately upon the age of the 
said William Horton. Who say upon their oath that the aforesaid William 
Horton was born at Cattone named in the said writ on the first day of May, 

»in the fifth year of our late King Henry of England, grandfather of our 
present King, and was baptized in the church named in the said writ, and 
was of the age of twenty-one years and upwards, on the first day of May, in 
the fourth year of the said present King. 

And the aforesaid John Hugge being sixty years of age and upwards, knows 
this well, because he says that he himself John Hugge bought from John 
Rawlyne for himself, and his heirs one virgate of land, with its appurtenances 
in Catton aforesaid, on the same day on which the aforesaid William Horton 
was born and baptized by which he well remembers that the said William 
Horton was of the aforesaid age of twenty-one years and upwards. 

And the aforesaid John Whytting being of the age of fifty-eight and 
upwards, knows this well, because he says that a certain Robert, son of the 
same John Whytling, was born on the same day, and was baptized in the 
said church, on which the said William Horton was born, and by this means 
he remembers well that the said William Horton, etcetera. 

And the aforesaid William Irpe being of the age of fifty-nine years and 
upwards, knows this well, because he says that he himself was made Parish 


: 
72 PEDIGREE OF HORTON, OF CATTON. 


Clerk of the aforesaid church on the same day on which the aforesaid William 
was born, etcetera. . 
And the aforesaid Henry Ampe being of the age of sixty-one years and 
upwards, knows this well, because he married Joan his wife in the church of 
Maysham on the same day on which the aforesaid William was born, etcetera. 
And the aforesaid John Bayly being of the age of sixty-three years and 
upwards, knows this well, because he says he had a certain house in Catton 
burned the same day on which the aforesaid William Horton was born, 
etcetera. ; 

And the aforesaid William Smythe being of the age of sixty-seven years and 
upwards, knows this well, because he says that John Smythe father of the 
aforesaid William Smythe, entered on the way of all flesh, on the same day the 
aforesaid William Horton was born, etcetera. 

And the aforesaid William Hukyne being of the age of sixty-eight years 
and upwards, knows this well, because he says that he himself carried the 


Chrismatory * at the Font of the aforesaid church of Catton at the same ~ 


time in which the aforesaid William was baptized, etcetera. 

And the aforesaid William Maylour being of the age of sixty-two years and 
upwards, knows this well because he says that Henry the father of the said 
William Maylour, was Godfather of the aforesaid William Horton, and the 
aforesaid William Maylour was present with his father, by his command, in 
the church of Catton, on the same day on which the aforesaid William Horton 
was baptized, etcetera. 

And the aforesaid William Jeynkynsone being of the age of fifty-nine years 
and upwards, knows this well, because he says that John Batte severely beat 
and wounded the said William Jeynkynsone at Catton aforesaid on the 
aforesaid day at Catton on which the said William was born, etcetera. 

And the aforesaid Richard Taylour being of the age of sixty-five years and 
upwards, knows this well, because he says that Alice his daughter was married 
to John Boldynge in the church of Catton aforesaid, on the same day on which 
the said William Horton was born, etcetera. 

And the aforesaid John Pryst being of the age of sixty-four years and 
upwards, knows this well, because he carried a taper before the said William 
Horton, when he was carried to the church of Catton for baptism, etcetera. 

And the aforesaid John Lessone being of the age of sixty-six years and 
upwards knows this well, because he says he fell from his horse to the ground 
at Catton aforesaid, and broke his leg, on the same day on which the said 
William Horton was born, etcetera. 

In testimony of which the aforesaid jurors, etc., etc. Dated at the above 
mentioned day, place, and year. 


* The Chrismatory was a small phial containing the holy oil used in baptism. 


————— se ss ee 


ll, A Sa tm —— . 


t 1 of three points, gules. 
Mslets, or. 


n , in chief a fleur-de-lys. 


W 
da. of Arch- 
on Lewis. 
at Elston, 
1755. 
ELEANOR. Ja 


ELEANor. =Joun Hatuam, Dean of Bristol. 


| Father of the Historian. 
rae 

DWARD LITTLETON, 

Pilaton, Bart. 


ried at Croxall 


Sep. 25, 1764. 


. 


RD CARLETON, 
Lord Dorchester. 
ied Feb. 2, 1869. 


1 | 
Maria Louisa. 
Born June 
30th, 1821. 


i4 
Emmy Junta. 
Born Dec. 21, 
1821. Married 
Aug. 27, 1850. 
Died Mar. 11, 1866. 


e |i a 
L Ceci Georce C 
Born July 12th, 18 


THE 
HE 


Tar Arms of Wilmot Horton, 1 Wilmo ° ‘Tur Arms of Horton, of Catton, Co. Derby, ar 
Horton, in 1824, are quarterly, Ist and 41 ; a bnek’s head eabothed argent, attired, or, The 
a stag’s head caboshed, argent, nttir coat was, however, granted to John Horton, of Lu 
distinction), a canton ermine, 4nd and # Co, Somerset :-—Aromt, on m fesse, azure, between ti 
on a fease or, between throo engley wolves passant, in chief, and a crossbow in b 


as many escallops, gules, all within three martlets, or. ‘The latter was borne by the H rl 
Gifford 


the third; crest of Horton on a of Tord and Westwood; but those of Broughton INT Y OF DER Y 
of waves of the son proper, a tilting spor and Elston retained the arms of the onginal Det a : Py 
and onfiled with a dolphin, arg family, from which Sir Jolin Horton, of Broughton 
charged (for distinction) with an Gifford, proved his descent. 

of Wilmot, an cnglo's heal erased, a 
in the bonk an cscallop, gules. : 
differences were granted to Sir Robert J 
Bart, on his awuming the namo of 
death of lis mother, in 1871. 


COLLECTED FROM I ND RECORDS IN THE COLLEGE OF ARMS, 
AND. NTIC PROOFS, TO THE YEAR 


1425. 


Isle Roorncs Obt. 2 H.6, et tenuit I : TON, Kt,—ALIOB, daoghter and heir of John St 
| in Com. Cent jure ti  Derbie | Peirre, and afterwards to ber uncle 
nm . ;. Gest jure |Urian. Urian de St. Pierre married 


Alicea Uzoris suc ef Willmus est ron, 1425,1Hen.VI. ‘Agues de Brewse. 


Rs 
son | denght 
Born 


iter of 


May Ist, 1404. 
5 Heu’ 1. 
it Ife : : Date 
tor atton tants, at Data. this John Horton» Wall, one a = Sanity 
orton, of Uatton,wilaughter_ } ta 
{i Co. Derby, won | Bobert il, eglaegt pen arr | weet les | Parton er ital texto 
D hele. Ott | of Hound War, and sold it to Orto ‘and, Lullingtou, ‘ " 
June Srl, WA, | hill, Co, | ‘ in Co, Somerset, 
18 Hen, VII Saft 2ad son. 
1 and Hush, 3} z T 
ne maa ABREs opt Ttouas Brac stomolt ang RP, FrowenStanr Wout | acmxr, ra cat 
Tiorton of »danghter of ‘orton, of Staunton, «daah and co-heir i, son. ), orton, of =i ite if bribe yrtodan, 
Tatton, in [John Cor in Com, Worees,’ | of Sir-Iticht EY ro this Thomes there and Liullington, | wnat ensens = ae Means Morton-edaughter of 
Cam. Dini, | wv, of Grex = Bey dol von.” | Whittington, ga brass in Headford su Com, Somer. for, ening mi 
ant A te. Ss 
DuleOotok, | Overt Tuan tara Tiraawes of Wilts, fo 
ita, )20.8 and Wilkinson's [ix 
{ £ ory of the Parish of 
ii wl — io aa 1 ip 27 nd Wife, | Broughton Gigori. f = "| 
| Waller maite Ohristor Waian Karnes a Desny Devt One ntliersen and two sere Taowan Crmierorron = Mawn, = Maur, WoMAs _—- MAnonaer, Tix 
hia Uncle's Sal Horton, son daughters 1 on Horts Horton, of [dan™ of ‘Thomas daughter of and Jane ; Horton,=daughtor of hot Horton, milaoghta 
heir to ls Manor of oud hole, Ot thele father's mouument, Staunto shit | Curzon, of Crox: Smale, widow of Gabriel of Ifont, || Harkexdalo, of lortan ar tavg hilar ioe 
oe Wire Pra Maereueetral mean Bate ee Neat Nleheun Batted at Croxal Sey 3 JaiCeins | cera) 8) com, - 
esate CY erent ‘ | Tatton, of Cheshire. ios pee ele 
spina orn n > ay sr ous 0 hin, , Thi a ida oes ‘Anice, Many, 
Farton, of A fortin, 0 lnct. to Hen lat anit topliee: i Eds PS a cy 
Stauton, | We eel ianOa Wincheomb. of Bayley, of Siawiond, Bir John Hortons, aero any, Sky a on Wine 
Bag KA Te Hraried at Gro i it OE ee ae al sonlapVarenush, Wile. fndson, ‘tén, in Com, ‘ 
= enue 10s Hush, of Stafford. Oe WAU 
Taw Gunistorinex Panne » Wolk Ml I = 
Te erovibes con i 3 LIEADETH, : i 5 
Turton of Htauntoh, = daugiiter of seTlortony of Catton, meloat, a0 of Thon LtwonOWUSP, dt. of Hobort=Horton, Po herae es eeRCrecRER ey, Feces Toren Raugliari tharrortastani Co 
in. Com. Wigor,, | Haudors of bora Tyringham, of Nether Jon 8. May, aud sister! in Clarke,of Welly, —Mford,' in | Dackam, of  AGxEs 3 : i eo aB at of el arta 
aaah died 18 of Winohington, in Bnwann 4: to Alice, the wife ot TniCon, Some) ComWills.|ssuacnin AZICK 4; Gaited Canal eet ies | Caen oC 
Borled at AE aat IS ea 2nd wile, Kellet Saison, | ComDorvet. Many 5. Ey Hanialaiy, in, 
aries fed Mar, 7th, 161. forton. eS 4 z oie mere 
Noy, 28, | ie Groza Tat wile. { te ekar Boe Sail wile, 
d ls 1d 6) : d 
—— Alt haph ot Ordnall, in the County of Derby. ge : a= 
WiLstast Conn ye Th 1 ae oan a PLE Warren hh porn, ra A wae me n 3 I py Th 
R "701 f yom Leaner, Pane, au nor, sxe, a aoc 
yah, Harton a Mid: Hokan Nop: Hortoustaph marr Tiled méto Hdwt Hrough> ma to Samuel Iorton, of Cat-oeldont de of tm. to Abmbam savelisiedvhar Hotonsad) anteraieet Horton of wlaton= at of Th fp, gop Tony Tanna Toba 
hele, mt 1) genre miler: ng. a8) yas Villetsotlane ton, of Lovgdon, Iu ‘Trist, of Colle tou, bapt. Joly | Humptit Ferrers Yowler, of Salt, Hoptou.deCom, #00, ‘went son! SE ton tn Gander Hees ROMA aed RAL Eee Horton, of= dre of John Horton, ud son L ent: Ronen Bureanerm, 
Ae Ci a Sane enon at ee aaa SAAC cnene CI Sc ie a 
span in Catton Chapel, at Croxall, ; Aged aft Croxall Apal raed rail ‘Gee Bene PEE f Coker, 
mn Hore b.17, 101), O16. laried nt Croxal fit, ian o Ad S08 Yi = 
a ‘ 1046, ts od ts Jicno 11, 108 Com, Dorwob. 
= All bapt. at Crozall. —_* Bhe hand £000 fortune. = 7 2 _ =: = 
POTTTRE DIST LFO UE NA ricco eben Ane val j mee ey Wie Panett, i oa Renent Gowan Rng Ato Jonx, || Tuo r eae 2 ig “Tl (r 
any) Hay. Mae 001, 1, Day Moy. 6, 100, rot Franols Horton, eldest dauge- of we Davie, ERT dit eama: Horton, dled! Horlonss (of mac to Will-noringe died Musee MMO aeoey ere! = aciBL Williaa) © living paw Metna’ tl dees GRRE Sete Pawavorn, Tony _Manoanet, 2 Epwann 20, 1 : 
nl Aug. 21, 1602. (x, bap, Nov. 29, Walton-one| Allestry, PO Turner, D.D,, #00) of Catton, | Uurkentiend, of of Tittle Teak, in Wynne, of ried. unmant Chaville, ton, of Bi tr i phate farton, of =daur and died Horton, adr. of Richt Tur Lay 
Hie, Laps. Oot. 15, 1003, 00, Wor, Marit, 1 monmlentot) Walton, 4 ao in Com/Darby, | London, ‘Mor. Com, Nottin, Clerk, Driuiyy, in Bap tan.20, tlixs inHamp: Will of || peelaton, Guyso, of El- —unmarciel, —Sandes, of Ran Railder,near Jeo-hoir of  unmmrried. wom and ‘Catelimay, of a cane r q Manion. He 
With; bape Nov, Toth dio untnarriod, fits, Darby ‘1 Hy, Mate Dee &, |euant. ‘Huried ape: Feb, 20, 1090, Wales Hiopt 1606, * Thon He be jot, {Gloor, | ore, in| Com, 1682, allen Barooh (Candide, in| -=-asak eine (Bixwarey in 4 Sonn, < a i Baler Th tis 
i i | aes a 2 Eeq. JBt. 60. fr entherhonil, mor ° 1 et g J 
marsiel, : bomary SW) 369U.Died Gon} st Crasall, Mar. MlAy/16,,1070.) 9 UBHIZ 22 Wintor, 1n Co “He tas Co.’ Surry. shell tamslee A ies), CP, Glow BIg ey tt its) toRing Charles thal| 88 ay ot ee 
Croxall, Oot Aged 83, coe x morgansh. on : Second AL. a viet, 
1707, Aged 3 A® II Sep, 1663. 
- — — _ — = —___—_— ny = =p Tz = — — 
oi] 
Born April 2141, 1039, Obiit np, Sep. 9h, 1710, A¥t, 6. Olin =e Aen i | Jonn ae Taxe, E h | i 2 
eae hor tanel dmliese i oee Cutie OMe Tram  MEREee alia on : wt, te Thomas mt to Ws md “to nen Lateran | aia tmors eri é  Yousiors 
patidvecomat fuvars Wiuiaie Marta thvlanidedae | unmarried, 48 Com, Dory) Kyntealy, age oh Dhriel Tar. at Cova, in Cor Wilts. | wie, ; thiGom arora!” gto aGae, abs aaa 4 Warn bes 
clei i rox, apt. at Croxall, | La in Com, crea, ny 14, 1008; piit 1688, x y y 3 q 5 lo, in Com. ILEUM. 
renin Wea 1) Pry 11, 1051, hf ui Ire hor! | Stor, Dar. at Sep. 1 606. / Oe s i Somerset, Monmt 5 Rata, 
Anotlia valten Many, n thore,July18,1716. | Croxall, : 43K i P 
bom Dee, Horlan bora bur, AITBAInb 7, 17us perro ane | Ee ear Fear aropenla the teaialite Re Cro pie aban ete of he Hartae of oak 
Fob. 3, 108%, Gh, in Dorby, ‘Aged 3. tern anil Speeches’ (Carly, Hi Pilate died w. Be 17A0, when the estate de- 
ied uomare Tarn Odtaber ‘ the warrant to executo Ring’ Cha volved! to William Davenport, by whose re- 
‘D4, 1689. died in three roe hippo it was sold to T. Skerret, in 
786, 
i lee 13 it 7 il 
Jou Tuomas, Warren, CunisTormmn al “4 4 al 
Horton, =Da.of——Hsby, dled” oumart- died anmar Horton, of Catton pepe tne 9, 1701 bap at sgh yeittanme-itee pygrt Pana TonK 
bap. Deo. Bia. { Doctors’ Tapk at Croxall Bapt st Croxall, . Bs D. Hob, Aas mart’ to Bowyer Aphis, 1707, bani Ob St Tefen whe na Ob Infant. 
117 Jommons. Fob. Ist, 1705, May 29, |. Married 1731. oa 5 : i 
— - Died 1780. Died Jan. 2nd, Adderley, Esqr., of , eo 
——— . A Se 1A Tha sa 
Croxall, Jan. 10th. = 
‘Aged 63, 
ot 2 ae 7 
a ee ; Riben. Tuma, of Wo Ws 
Died unmipried, Died unmarried. woman, of Wootton.=Jaxe,da of Arch.  Burzavern.=WaauaBraxcim. 1 ui 
Baried at Elston, dean Lewin, Ob. 1704, | Ob, ant : elacclaaaGGhi aaa eee 
Aas seh Bikes, | nite 176% of Steaple Aghone th Ole nto 
Wri Bisson  Many=Sreeums Ry I a x : . 7 
: ; Te a, TOs, &  Buiaawerm  Bieaxom, Jax, SoEe aRRRTE, TroTaRs, Bopanre, ener Ciaktenr Cusnuse Hasnuny Tocaneal Bueaxon, =Joux Hattam, Dean of Bristol 
as Reale aT 77 aT <a i , 0 5 ‘ODEDTH. A tater of the Historia, 
Dapt April orton, of Catt Jom Euanpros Pra es Roy. EBpwann 3 1] 1 e = I A 
y batedat — Depe July ae Horton, of Catton. Horton, of Catton. Horton, Viewwot Bolt- —Yortony Mary Pxces Sir Howann Lretextow, ine Humane = r, | 
all, Oot. 101 t x i Bapt. wt 29Uh, Yorn ‘and bapt. if ap. Sop. Horton. Ii if Gro 
iu) Mths, TAL. Huried at t) Tis. aried Oct. 18th, 1a. ehald, Co. Warwick, A, 1702. Buried nt oon y7a1 Te ately of Pilato, Bart. Tlortop. Hap. Jaly Horton. Wap. Sep. Lord Carbo 
Croxall Avg. 154) le of I farried Of is Died “April 1th, 5 heater. orn Feb. 7th, bapt. Croxall Sep. 6, 1770. Ay heeneery Bonied at Croxall 10th, 1736, Died 12th, TIT. @ 
Vo avi vors Digg 48.1, Grosall aly 12th, ed April 18th, | Marri 3 i Heb-1ath, 1749! Chay BeBe May: oe oe Died Sep. 25, 1704. Bumarried,, at Married ‘Deo. 18th, 
‘itn ot Gar NAbbey. An Oficer in the “Aged 76. ‘Age * | Seihaea een - Pia | soon st" Coal) Ticats 
7 _ Switeerland, 1803. t juards | “Croxall Aug, df, 1802. i 270 Sep., 1785. Co, Northarupton, 
Gra iB Tr : 
Nel an “an } ag RMETONNN ; ’ na | 
avd wae bork Olona eect A jiress of Cal a f ) Born anil Bay : a = Hon. and Rev. fi Canetoy, 
with lite father, faried at Croxall by}, Daveupor Wil Borman Bap- Avi 13,1789. Marrial | younger son of Guy, 1 eal i 
Bacau, j ‘May 9th, 1782. Chee Cadeby, 7 = 5 ly. seat Died'¥ob/ 21,1864. |” Tsuen Feb, to, ya! oy vee Aol, % 
a Northants, ie . 
Dopixy Wimor,=C 7 
Sra, bap. April 9th, 1787, MAnLorE, 
Sit de fitter fatale af ant Mah fais a 
Died Feb. 4th, 1571. | Mariel nip atin, TOME the Morton Aeataten im Wilts. yy th, INH 
| ASA arebaae. 
= 
ane, Crowerornen Wooo 1 i fe > a - 
¥. Andrew Dern Apal by ee cx Witwor Hortos. Mev. Sir Gronox Lewis Waiwore Fraxces AvovsT, rovsTs.='The Righ: r 
‘ertenian, and Ot D189, Tondon, Dee. 16th,  owrox, Bart. Rorn Noy. 8th, da. of Heury ai 1 ” ie Right Hononrable = Many Cnanorn i 4 
wily of Haber isa Mead WB Blea uowwared,” eGR "Marsa Joy hh, is Layee Sophia — Bat etait: | ene Ter Born th Dee Tait. Hora a, Etats fy ey Sak Hen, onmar Canto, 
Torn Apel’ 4 Busia er: ro hisc 5 . ra Deo t81, Died Jan, 30, 1831. | Indl, Married | Zouche. | Born March 
Ys, Tae, 5 ' - 1 Mee zt In, | ots Ti10- Died Aue. 
; Died Mar. 11, 1866, nd, 187. 
Avauers, ov. Annan Faxny Axrow = oc 
Horn a Is17. Died 1850. Rowent Nw sey Geaaae Cunson, Danaad 
Tord Zonche Morn Faly 12th, 1851 Baru Bee 


t i - T= z) is 72 
: Hexay. Avermun Hiway, ; Tver Praoenice Ane. tier ; 


73 


“Place and field Mames of Derbyshire which 
tudtcate Vegetable Productions. 


By Rev. J. CHARLES Cox. 


_ [The following paper was read at a Winter Meeting of the Society, 
held on November roth, 1879, and is printed at the request of the Council. 


which I have not touched since 1870. I think it best that it should appear 
st as it was then written, though riper judgment might lead me to various 


re ifficulty and expense connected withinspecting a// the parish maps of the 
county, HithertoI have consulted only about one third of the whole. 
“TC.” is an abbreviation for ‘‘ Tithe Commutation Map.”’] 


ILLUSION has already been made, in the preceding 
chapter, to the vast forests with which Derbyshire 
was formerly covered, and we shall now proceed to 
: consideration of their component parts, so far as they are 
mnected with the nomenclature of the county. It will be 
right, however, in the first instance, to make a few remarks 
upon trees in general. In the days when the boundaries of 
ining estates were not marked out by hedges, roads, or 
ditches, trees were planted upon the borders of a property, or 
standing when all around was cleared, in order to leave 
enduring record of their limits. Such trees were never 
cu , and were guarded with almost religious care. These trees, 


74 PLACE AND FIELD NAMES OF DERBYSHIRE. 


not unfrequently, in Jater times gave the name to the house, 
or houses, which had sprung up in their shade. Thus we find 
Barrow Ortp Em, THe AsH Cross, Cuirr AsH, LITTLE Oak, 
Broap Oak, ONE ASH GRANGE, THREE BIRCHES, GOSPEL ELM, 
two SHIREOAKS (one near Glossop, and the other near Belper), 
and many other names of. similar import. Coppock refers to 
the oak on the cop, or top of the hill, and Cuappock and 
CHARNOCK point out the trees which respectively bounded the 
lands of Chad and Cerdic. GospEL ELM, in the parish of 
Church Broughton, possesses a peculiar interest. The parochial 
boundaries, which, for the most part, marked the limits of the 
jurisdiction assigned to the founder of the church, were some- 
times distinguished by stones or crosses, but more often by 
trees. These trees were called Gospel trees, because it was the 
custom once a year for the Priest with his parishioners to 
make a procession to the boundaries, and (zz/er alia) to read 
the Gospel for the day under or near them. The ceremony 
took place during Rogation-tide. Queen Elizabeth’s Injunctions 
of 1559 ordered that this pious custom should not cease. In 
many places the parish perambulation degenerated into a purely 
civil ceremony, but it is now being gradually revived in several 
districts by the Church, with all the ancient rites. 


«<___ Tearest, bury me 
Under that Holyoke, or Gospel tree ; 
Where (though thou see’st not) thou may’st think upon 
Me, when thou yeerly gos’t Procession.” 


GospiIn Knowi (T.C. North Winfield) is a corruption of 
Gospel knowl or hill, which, doubtless, was so called from 
being a boundary of a similar nature, and the GosPEL STONE, 
near the village of Hathersage, must have served for a like pur- 
pose. In the latter village local tradition speaks of the recent 
existence of two other Gospel Stones, which were placed near 
the limits of the township.* There are several other Gospel 
Closes marked on different parish maps of the county. 


* On this subject see Shaw, Hist. of Staffordshire, vol. i. p. 165. Brand, 
Popular Antiquities, vol. i. p. 170. Fosbrooke, Antiquities, vol. ii. p. 467. 


There are also not a few places in Derbyshire which derive 
their names from words that merely speak of the generic term 
“tree.” Thus, for instance, we meet with TREETON from 
trean, a tree; whilst BamrFreLp, Bamrorp, and THE Bam 
(T.C. South Winfield) obtain their prefix from eam, which 
also signifies a tree, and from which our modern English 
“beam” is obviously derived. _NewsoLtD and ANKERBOLD 
(Tupton) are indebted for their suffix to the do/e, or trunk of 
a tree, and the same word supplies the prefix of BouLton.* 
Although Bote Hit, of such frequent occurrence in many 
parts of the county, may not in each instance refer immediately 


4 
PLACE AND FIELD NAMES OF DERBYSHIRE. 75 
} 


to a tree, it invariably possesses a cognate signification. 

The first thing that strikes the inquirer into the number of 
Derbyshire place-names, derived from trees, is the curious 
superabundance of those connected with the “lady of the 
woods,” the silver birch-tree. There are, to give only the most 
obvious, five BirrcHwoops, two BIRCHFIELDS, a BIRCHAY, 
BircHey, BiRCHOVER, BiRCHILL, BIRCHITT, BIRCHLOW, BIRCHIN- 
FIELD, BIRCHINLEE, BIRCHINTON, BIRKIN LANE, BIRKINWOOD, 
BirkinsHaw, Bircin ciose (T. C. Belper), THE Birks (T.C. 
_ Bsimington), and Turee Bircues, besides frequent instances 
of farm houses and fields called THe Brircues. It may be 
remarked that a large portion of these names are found in the 
north of the country. These numerous references to the birch- 
tree are the more singular, as Glover and other writers have 
noticed its present rarity. The solution of this difficulty may 
be found in the fact of the great reverence with which this 
tree was regarded by the Celtic population. The birch was 
only second to the oak in sanctity, and in the frequency of 
‘its use for the purposes of divination. It is, therefore, only 
Natural to suppose that the Celts, who tarried so long in the 
fastnesses of the county, would guard their favourite trees 
‘with zeal from the hands of the encroacher; and that birches 


* «*Bold” in the Saxon Charters generally signifies a dwelling-house, 7.¢., 
a building made of planks. Wagéold is a ship, or wave-house. Thus New- 
bold may mean ‘‘The new building made of wood.” <Aemdble, Codex 

Diplomaticus, vol. iii. p. 17. 


76 PLACE AND FIELD NAMES OF DERBYSHIRE. 


would in many instances be left standing, when other forest 
trees had been cleared away for pasturage or tillage. The 
Anglo-Saxons would then, in all probability, make use of these 
prominent features of the landscape in naming the different 
localities. Here are two of the supposed virtues of the birch, 
from the Welsh Triads :— 


‘The top of the rush-sprigged tree (the birch) declares 
When drawn under the pillow— 
The mind of the affectionate will be liberal.” 


‘* The shoots of the green topped birch 
Will draw my foot out of a snare, 
Reveal not the secret to a youth.” * 


The oak, “sole king of forests all,” also has a considerable 
share of the tree names of Derbyshire. In the first instance we 
notice DarLtey t+ (2), and DarFieLp (Tissington) from the 
Cymric dar, an oak. Derived from the Anglo-Saxon @e are 
OAKERTHORPE, OAKTHORPE, OAKHURST, SHIREOAKS (2), 
OckBROOK, and OckLeyNnook (T. C. Ilkeston); whilst it is 
used as a suffix in Happock, Coppock, CHADDOCK, CHARNOCK, 
and perhaps Bostock. ‘The mystic virtue of the oak was known 
throughout those parts of Europe where the religion of the 
Druids was practised. Even among the Basques, a people of the 
lower Pyrenees, it is stated that their public assembly was held 
upon an eminence of the mountains with pieces of rock for the 
seats of the president and secretary, whilst the members remained 
standing, leaning with their backs against the o/d oaks which 
formed a circle round their place of meeting. The Druids held 
that no sacrifice could be regularly performed, unless the fresh- 


* Davies, Celtic Researches, p. 250. The above conjecture, as to the 
reason of the frequency of the occurence of the birch in Derbyshire place 
names, is offered with some diffidence ; I have, however, carefully examined 
both maps and gazetteers for similar names in adjoining counties, and have 
failed to find in them anything like the number. I venture therefore, to 
look upon this as an additional proof of the permanent lodgment that the 
Celts maintained in Derbyshire, long after they had deserted all other 
central parts of the kingdom. 

+ It has also been suggested that dav, in Darley, is a corruption of the 
Celtic dw, water. 


PLACE. AND FIELD NAMES OF DERBYSHIRE. 77 


gathered leaves of an oak had been previously strewn upon the 
altar. Another passage (which has just been quoted from the 
Welsh triads), in connection with the birch tree, says of the oak :— 


“*The shoots of the Aindly oak 
Will draw my foot out of a chain ; 
Keveal not the secret to a maid. 


“*The shoots of the /afy oak 
Will draw my foot out of prison ; 
Reveal not the secret to thy voice.” 


These priests of the grove were in the habit of selecting the 
largest oak of the forest, stripping it of all its side branches, and 
_ then joining two of them to the highest part of the trunk in the 
form of a cross. Under this tree they performed the most sacred 
rites. Can there be in this a prophetic symbol of the Christian 
‘religion! * The special value of mistletoe, when found upon an 
oak, was known even to Virgil, for he makes his hero present a 
branch, thus nurtured, as a necessary means to gain admission to 
the réalms of Pluto. + 
The maple-tree, mapel, gives its name to MappLeton, and 

-Map.ewoop, and also to MAPPERTON. 

_ The ash, @sc, gives the prefix to ASHOVER, ASHTON (2), 
ASHFORD, and ASHLEYHAY, and the suffix to BorRRowasu, 
and Monyasu. { The ash-tree was associated by the Anglo- 
axons with certain deities, and was supposed to possess peculiar 
"powers of healing. There is an ancient and extensive supersti- 
tion, which has only died out within the last few years, of passing 
a weak or ruptured child through a longitudinal fissure artificially 
‘made in the trunk of a young ash. The tree was then carefully 
bound up, and if the fissure healed, the child was sure to recover. 


_ * Borlase, Antiquities of Cornwall, p. 105. Fosbrooke, Antiquities, vol. ii. 
. 746. 

a + Aneid, vi. 204. 

_ }Ina preceding chapter, on Celtic names, the reason has been given for 
‘not including Ashburne in this list ; perhaps Ashford ought also to be exclud- 
ed. In the Domesday survey it is spelt, Azseford. Should this be correct, the 
_ first syllable may be derived from the Norse, as, belonging to the gods ; 
_ Aisthorp, in Lincolnshire, is said to be the god’s farm-house. 


78 PLACE AND FIELD NAMES OF DERBYSHIRE. 


Wiccon Lea (Shottle), and Wiccin Dae (Bakewell) are 
derived from zwéce, wican, the mountain ash. This tree is still 
occasionally called by the name of “ Wiggen” in the north of 
Derbyshire, in Yorkshire, and the Lake district. ‘lhe wood of 
this tree was considered an infallible spell against witchcraft. 
Many of the small farmers in Westmoreland are, even now, in 
the habit of having the churn staff made of wiggen wood to 
prevent the butter from spoiling ; they also make use of the same 
material for the handles of all implements employed about the 
horses or cattle, in order to ward off the “evil eye.” * 

From /zzd, the linden, or lime-tree, we find LinDEN HILL, near 
Crich. The Anglo-Saxons used the wood of this tree for their 
shields or bucklers. 

Limton seems to be the only instance of the elm being used 
in the nomenclature of the county. Though now so common in 
our hedgerows and elsewhere, the elm is not indigenous to 
England, and was introduced by the Romans. This was also the 
case with the various species of the poplar.t Of these the aspen, 
@ps, is found in AsprnsHaw (Glossop), also under the form Esps 
(T. C. Calow), and as AspLanp, AspcroFtT, &c., in the maps of 
Hazelwood, Ilkeston, and Stanley, and in those of various other 
parishes. 

The Cymric gy//, the hazel, is found in GILTHWAITE, GILFORD, 
GILLFIELD (T. C. Dore), and Giticrorr (T. C. Stretton). 
Another Celtic word of a similar meaning, col/en, may 
perhaps give the etymology of CoLticrorr (T. C. Edlaston). 
HAZELBOROUGH, HAzELWoOD, HAZELFORD, HAZELBADGE, and 
HAZELHURST (2), speak for themselves ; whilst HasLam and 
Hassop have the same prefix in a contracted form. As early as 
the times of Agricola the wood of this tree was famous as being 
suitable for the divining rod. The bagnette or divining rod was 
used for the discovery of valuable metals and water. -Of this 


* Hone, Table Book, p. 337. 
+ Whitaker, Hist. of Manchester, vol. ii, p. 48. 


PLACE AND FIELD NAMES OF DERBYSHIRE. 79 


extraordinary superstition an interesting and exhaustive account 

is given by Bullon in his Superstitions Anciennes et Modernes. * 
_ CaLLeNGE Low (Monyash) is derived from the Cymric celyn, 
the holly-tree. The Anglo-Saxon /oleyn gives us the more 
obvious forms of HoLLEYHURST, HOLLINGATE, HOLLIN KNowL, 
Hotuurst, and Horsprook. There was no peculiar sacredness 
in the holly in early days; the lavish use made of it in this 
country in the decking of churches at Christmastide is simply to 
be attributed to the splendour of its berries. From an old ballad 
of the time of Henry VI., quoted by Brand, in which the holly and 


the ivy humorously contend for superiority, it would appear that 
the latter in those days did not penetrate into the Church or Hall, 
but merely clung to the outside, and was used at funerals. The 
following are the opening stanzas :— 
** Nay, Ivy! nay, it shall not be I wys; 
Let Holy hafe the maystry, as the maner ys. 
““Holy stond in the Halle, fayre to behold ; 
Ivy stond without the door; she ys full sore a cold. 


“Holy and hys mery men they dawnsyn and they syng 
Ivy and hur maydenys they wepyn and they wryng.” 


In Cornwall the holly is still sometimes called the holm-tree, 
though the more general application of /o/m at the present day is 
to the Ilex, otherwise called the holm-oak. Skinner, in his 
Glossary Botanicum, mentions: the word as applicable to both 
trees, and adds that, as both the holly and the ilex flourish 
more especially near water, the name is probably of the same 
derivation as o/m, an island. If this is the case some of the 
‘placenames of which fo/m forms a part, enumerated in a 
preceding chapter, may be derived from a tree, instead of from 
the watery situation. The holly is a favourite wood for the 


== 
fi a = ke — = 


* Bullon, Superstitions Anciennes et Modernes, Amsterdam, 1733, folio. 
Baring Gould, in his first series of ‘Myths of the Middle Ages,” coolly uses 
one of the plates from this scarce volume as a frontispiece. The belief in the 
_ divining rod was so widely spread even to a comparatively modern date, and 
was considered of such importance that we find it discussed in the Philosophi- 
cal Transactions of the Royal Society, for the year 1666. ‘‘Utrum virgula 
divinatoria adhibeatur ad investigationem venarum propositarum fodinarum, 
et si sic, quo id fiat successu ?” 


80 PLACE AND FIELD NAMES OF DERBYSHIRE. 


purposes of turning. It therefore appears, from the following 
passage from the Faerie Queene, that in Spenser’s day that tree 
was called Holme :— 


‘* Much can they praise the trees so straight and hy, 
The sayling Pine ; the Cedar proud and tall ; 
The vinepropp Elme; the Poplar never dry ; 

The builder Oak, sole king of forrests all ; 
The Aspine good for staves; the Cypress funerall ; 


The Laurell, meed of mightie Conquerours ; 

And Poets sage; the Firre that weepeth still ; 

The Willow, worne of forlone Paramours:; 

The Eugh, obedient to the benders will; 

The Birch for shafts ; the Sallow for the mill; 

The Mirrhe sweete bleeding in the bitter wound ; 

The warlike Beech ; the Ash for nothing ill ; 

The fruitfull Olive ; and the Platane round ; 

The carver Holme; the Maple seeldom inward sound.”* 


These lines on the trees and their qualities, as known to Spenser, 
are of interest in many respects. The name of Sallow, or Sally, 
applied to a particular species of willow (salix caprea), is now 
almost entirely forgotten. ‘The Anglo-Saxon form was sa/h, and 
it is preserved in the names of SawLEy and SALLEWELL (T. C. 
Matlock). Wi LLEsLEY, WILKIN, and WILTHORPE speak of the 
wi, or common willow. The willow, owing to its blossoming 
so early, was formerly used instead of the palm on Palm Sunday, 
though in the Roman Catholic Churches in England they now 
use box upon that day. “The willow, worne of forlone Para- 
mours,” is an allusion to the very ancient custom of wearing 
the leaves of this tree, generally woven into garlands, in token 
of being deserted by one’s mistress. It is difficult to conjecture 
the origin of this custom. The tree seems to have been con- 
nected with sorrow and weeping since the days that the Jews 
hung their harps upon the boughs thereof.t 

Alderwasley and Alderscar do not, as might be supposed, 


* Spenser, Faerie Queene, Book i. cant. 1. 
+ Brand, Popular Antiquities, vol. i. p. 164. 


: 
' 
‘ 
Q 


a 


PLACE AND FIELD NAMES OF DERBYSHIRE. 81 


refer to the alder-tree, the Anglo-Saxon form being a/r. These 
: prefixes are from Adder, or Aldred, old in counsel, used as a 
man’s name. WeRNEY (Darley Dale), however, signifies “the 
_ alder island,” being derived from the Cymric word wern. In 
connection with the elder there were various superstitions. It was 
universally regarded as a tree of bad omen, owing to the tradition 
that Judas hung himself from an elder. This tree was never 
cut by the Danes without calling on their god Hildi. Many 
old writers mention the ridiculous custom of wearing a piece 
of this wood in the breeches pocket to prevent galling when 
riding. Zien is the Anglo-Saxon term for the elder; we meet 
with it in Evins rieLps (T. C. Chesterfield).* 

Cesar tells us that the beech was not to be found in the forest 
of Britain. Of the accuracy of this statement, and of its subse- 
- quent introduction by the Romans, we have satisfactory proofs in 
the language of the Britons. All their terms for beech are 
obvious corruptions of the Latin fagus; such are faighe. faghe, 
and faydh. BuckLry, BucKsTONE, and BucKHOLM, come from 
the Anglo-Saxon déce, a beech tree. It may, however, be derived 
from 6c, a book. It would then signify book-land, ze., land 
held by charter or writing, free from all fines; what we should 
now call freehold land. It was called Bédcland, to distinguish 
it from the Folcland, which was the property of the nation at 
large. But, as Skinner points out, it would still come primarily 
from dece, the beech tree, from which our own word “ book ” is 
derived. The skin or bark of the beech tree was the first sub- 


Stance used as writing material by the Teutons, both in this 
and and in Germany.t 
_ There is not a single county which is destitute of place-names 


_ * Brand, Popular Antiquities, vol. ii. p. 586. Z%orfe, Northern Mythology, 
ii, 168. The use of elderwood, as a charm against galling when on horseback, 
is still prevalent on Exmoor. The most, celebrated gentleman rider with the 
Devon and Somerset Stag Ilounds is never without it, and has implicit 
confidence in its efficacy ! 

t+ Kemble, The Saxons in England, Book i. chap. 11. Whitaker, History of 
Manchester, vol. ii. p. 48. Some etymologists consider that a very different 
word to “‘book” is also derived from the beech-tree, viz., ‘‘ bacon,” from 
ducon, the beech-mast, on which the swine were chiefly fattened. 


82 PLACE AND FIELD NAMES OF DERBYSHIRE, 


referring to the well-known thorn. Derbyshire furnishes THORN- 
SETT, ,THORNBRIDGE, THORNLEY, THORNEY, and HIPTrHORN. 
Names derived from the thorn are very frequént in the Saxon 
charters. 

The assertion of Czesar, that no firs were to be found in Britain 
in his days, has raised much discussion. Certain it is that even 
those places supposed to be named from the fir are singularly few ; 
such are Pinfern in Dorset, and Pinner in Middlesex. There is 
not one to be found in the Charters. In the Peak, however, 
PINDALE seems clearly to point to fzz, the pine tree.* The 
balance of opinion appears to be that in this case Caesar was in 
error, though doubtless any species of fir was then most un- 
common. Whitaker says, that among the many Roman names 
for the fir in the British language, there are three purely Celtic, 
viz :—Scotch, géws; Irish, guémhus; Welsh, fyrmidwydh. But if 
the fir had been originally introduced into Britain by the Romans, 
all the British appellatives of it would have been, as some of them 
evidently are, mere deviations of the Latin adzes. The existence 
of a single British name for it, is in itself a presumptive argument 
that at least one species was known in the island prior to the 
invasion of the Romans. Firs have also been dug up in Chatmoss 
in company with the remains of the birch tree and the oak. 
Matthew Paris is clearly in error, when he tells us that there were 
no firs in England in the days of King John. t 

The names of which fruit-trees form a component part, are 
very infrequent, with the exception of the apple. APPLEBY, in 
the extreme south of the county, is the Derbyshire instance. 
There is also an AppLesy Crorr (T. C. Ilkeston) and the 
APPLETREE hundred. Here again the name proves that this 


fruit was known to the first colonists of Britain. In the Welsh, | 


Cornish, Gaelic, and Irish languages it is invariably called avail, 
aball, or apple. 


* The prefix in Pindale may, however, like Pinhow in Lancashire, be but 
another form of the Celtic fer, a hill. 


+ Whitaker, Hist. of Manchester, vol. ii. p. 45. M@Jatthew Parts, Hist. 


Angl. p. 204. 


PLACE AND FIELD NAMES OF DERBYSHIRE. 83 


According to Whitaker, the Romans did good service to 
this island by the fruits which they introduced. We are 
indebted to them for the pear, damson, cherry, peach, apricot, 
and quince. ‘The first of these, the pear, feru, is found in 

_ Prrryroor (Glossop), and perhaps in Purpy farm (Heanor). 
On the left-hand bank of the Derwent, just beyond Milford, we 
find some fields still bearing the name of the VINEYARDS. The 
_ grape vine was at one time largely cultivated in England, though 
it is unusual to find traces of it so far north as Derbyshire. The 
word “vine” shows that it was introduced by the Romans. 
When brought by them into Gaul it was called’ by the natives 
Vigne ; and when it was transplanted still further, the Britons 


named it guinstreu, or fiou-ras, as it is now called in the Welsh 
and Irish dialects. These appellations do not directly signify the 
vine, but only name it characteristically as the “wine-tree.” This is 
in itself a proof that they were acquainted with the liquor before 
the tree. In the Domesday Book thirty-eight vineyards are 
particularised. These were situated in the counties of Hertford, 

iddlesex, Norfolk, Suffolk, Kent, Hampshire, Dorset, and 
Wilts. These vineyards were chiefly cultivated near the great 
monastic establishments. There are at the present day fields so 
called in the precincts of the Abbeys of Beaulieu, Tewkesbury, and 
Bury St. Edmunds, and near the cathedral churches of Rochester, 
orcester, Wells, and Ely. It is said that they began to fall into 
disuse at the time when Gascony with its vineyards came into the 
ha nds of the English. ‘The vine continued, however, to be culti- 
vated in some few places as late as 1620, and it is still found wild 
certain hedges of the weald of Kent.* PLumBLeEy (Eckington) 
is from p/ume, the wild plum, whilst SLaNEY close (T. C. Clown) 
is derived from s/a, the sloe. There is a plantation near Wood- 
horpe which still bears the name of MuLtBerry Woop. t+ 


* Hone, Table Book, p. 728. Whitaker, Hist. of Manchester, vol. ii, p. 58. 
Zilis, Introduction to Domesday Book, vol. i, p. 118. 

+ The following etymology of the word “mulberry” is from Skinner's 
Etymologicon, 1671 :—‘‘ Mulberry, & Teut. AZauddeer, morum fructus, hoc 
@ Maul, os, et Beer, Bacca, q. d. Bacca oris, sic dicta ab non Medico 
frequentissimo ad ulcera et inflammationes oris in  Gargarismis et 


84 PLACE AND FIELD NAMES OF DERBYSHIRE. 


Corn was cultivated to a certain extent by the Ancient Britons. 
Ceesar relates that one of his first battles with the inhabitants took 
place in a corn-field. Under the great care and diligence of the 
Romans, during the four hundred years that they occupied this 
island, the tillage of the soil was brought to a great state of per- 
fection, and England was looked upon as one of the great western 
granaries of the empire. Contrary to the generally received 
opinion, agriculture received a check on the invasion of the Anglo- 
Saxons, and owing partly to their continued wars, and partly to 
their lack of skill, much of the land, that had been previously 
tilled, lapsed into wastes and marshes. From the old Charters 
and from Domesday Book we find that the amount of arable land 


on any estate was comparatively small. It was only the rich who’ 


could afford wheaten bread, the poorer classes were content with 
barley, oats, and more especially rye. The very large proportion 
of Rye Crorts, fields, closes, and pingles, which are met with in 
the parish maps of this county, afford an ample proof of 
the extent to which this species of corn was cultivated. Wheat 
and oats are also met with occasionally in a similar combina- 
tion, such are WHEATCROFT, and OATHILL. 
_ Snuckton (Mugginton), and two hamlets in the north ag 
Derbyshire called SHEFFIELD, speak of the corn when reaped. 
Their prefix is derived from sceaf a sheaf.* Barron is the 
enclosure for the dear, or crop which the land bears. In 
many parts of England, especially in the western counties, the 
rick-yard, or large store-barn is called the barton. Barn itself 
is from Jdeve-ern, the corn-place. There is a hill near Buxton 
called BaRNnuo, and the instances of Barton are not infrequent 
throughout the county. We also find BaRMoor, and BaRLow. 
All forms of coarse vegetation were naturally very prevalent 


Collutionibus.” JZinsheus gives a similar derivation in his ‘‘ Guide into the 
Tongues,” 1623, aud yet we find writers who assert that this tree was not 
introduced into England till the middle of the 17th century. 

* The stream, called the Sheaf, on which the Yorkshire Shefheld is situ- 
ated, rises in Derbyshire near one of the hamlets mentioned above. It is, 
perhaps then more likely that it receives its name from the river. For 
the meaning of Sheaf see chapter on Celtic names. 


ee 


eT F 


—r ee 


i Bal 


cam, 


4 


PLACE AND FIELD NAMES OF DERBYSHIRE. 85 


at the time of the Anglo-Saxons, when by far the greater pro- 
portion of the soil was uncultivated, and when drainage was 
almost unknown. The common Genista or broom, probably 
from the brightness of its flowers, was a favourite prefix in 
distinguishing their various abodes and settlements. BROOMFIELD 
(2), Brampton, BramMLow, BramLey (2), and the suffix in 
STONEBROOM come from dbvom, the broom. Bannets (Mickle- 
over) is from another word, Janel, of the same meaning. Our 
word broom, a brush, points out that that necessary of house- 
hold life was originally made of the twigs of this plant. 
HEATHCOTE, HEATHFIELD, HATHERSAGE, HaTron, and Hat- 
FIELD take their prefix from Aae‘h, heath, or‘heather. The 
vast tracts of land, covered with nothing but heather, were 
useful to the Anglo-Saxons, by affording so admirable and 
constant a supply of food for the bees. Heather honey is by 
far the richest. Hives are sent yearly for a few months 
from a considerable distance, to Ashover and other places 
on the outskirts of the moors, by our modern bee-keepers. 
Our ancestors used the strong fibres of the heather for many 
useful purposes, such as the making of ropes. It also afforded 
them a favourite substance for bedding. Walter Scott says— 


‘‘________The stranger’s bed 
Was there of mountain heather spread ; 
Where oft a hundred guests had lain, 
And dreamed their forest sports again ; 
Nor vainly did the heath-flower shed 
Its moorland fragrance round his head. 


Tue Lincs, the name of certain fields in North Winfield 


_ and elsewhere, refers to ling, an almost equally common name 


for heather in the northern counties.* 
Chwynn, the Cymric form of whin, gorse, is found in 
Wuinyat, WHINGATsS, and WHINSTONLEE. Whin is the word 


for gorse used by Chaucer, and also by many of our later 


writers. It is not quite obsolete at the present day. The 


* Glover, Hist. Derbyshire, vol. i. p. 113. For a curious definition of 
“ling” see AZinsheus sub voce. 


86 PLACE AND FIELD NAMES OF DERBYSHIRE. 


plant was much used for the purpose of wattling fences. In 
Crompton’s account of the Forest Laws, 1594, he says, “ no 
man may cut down heath, whynes, or digge turves within the 
forest, without good warrant.” The modern name is preserved 
in GorsEy, and GorsLeEy.* 

BRACKENFIELD, BRUSHFIELD, and BRramBLey, tell of the 
undergrowth of the forests; and FERNILEE, FERNFORD, and 
FERNHO allude to the ferns which were annually cut down 
and stacked by the Anglo-Saxons to serve as bedding for 
their cattle’ The names of REDDALE, REDSEATs, and REDLEY 
(T.C. Hartington), have no allusion to colour, as might 
naturally be supposed, but are derived from /reod, a reed. 
Risc, a rush, forms the suffix of two Derbyshire place- 
names, RusHap, and RusuHLey, and also of a multitude of 
field-names. Owing to the lack of draining, rushes formerly 
grew most luxuriantly throughout the whole of England. 
Rushes were of the highest value to our ancestors, for 
they not only formed a substitute for carpets, but were 
frequently the sole protection from the damp earth in cottage, 
hall, and church. The rushes for the use of the church 
appear to have been only supplied fresh once a year. The 
day chosen was usually that of the festival of the patron saint 
to whom the church was dedicated. ‘This ceremony was made 
the occasion of a general holiday, and bundles of rushes were 
carried in procession with much pomp ‘The custom has only 
died out within the last fifty years in many parts of England. 
Mr. Rhodes, in his Peak Scenery, has an interesting account 
of this ceremonial as enacted at Glossop. It lingered also 
for some time at Chapel-en-le-Frith, and in other parishes of 
the mountainous region of the High Peak. At Whitwell, 
instead of rushes, the hay of a piece of grass-land, called the 
Church close, was, even in the present century, spread in 
the church on Midsummer eve. Grasmere in the Lake district 
is said to be the only place where the practice still exists. The 


* For the derivation of Winfield Manor see introduction, and for Gorse 
Stone (Stanton Moor), see chapter on Celtic Names. 


PLACE AND FIELD NAMES OF DERBYSHIRE. 87 


reason why it should have lingered there so long is not far to seek. 
A correspondent of ‘‘ Hone’s Year Book” says, that when on 
a pedestrian tour in that part of the county in the year 1828, 
he was astonished to find, on entering Grasmere Church, that 
the floor was unboarded and unpaved, consisting, in fact, merely 
of the bare earth. The custom would naturally tarry longest 
in that neighbourhood, where it had most recently been a 
necessity. ‘The great majority of our parish churches were 
all paved in the times of the Tudors. The houses of the 
nobility vied with one another in the number of times that 
they replenished their carpetting of rushes. Brand quotes the 
following curious passage from ‘The Festyvall,” 1528, fol. 77, 
in the account of the extravagance of Thomas 4 Becket, when 


Archbishop of Canterbury: “ He was also manfull in his hous- 
hold, for his Hall was every daye in Somer season staved with 
green Russhes, and in Wynter with clene Hey, for to save the 
Knyghtes’ clothes that sate on the Flore for defaute of place 
to syt on.”* It would have been well if Englishmen had 
continued to be thus particular in renewing the rushes. Erasmus, 
writing to a friend, and trying to account for the prevalence 
of that awful visitation of Henry VIII. days—‘the sweating 
sickness,” says: “First of all, Englishmen never build their 
chambers in such a way as to admit of ventilation. . . . The 
floors are in general laid with a white clay, and are covered 
with rushes, occasionally removed, but so imperfectly that the 
bottom layer is left undisturbed, sometimes for twenty years, 
harbouring expectorations, vomitings, the leakage of dogs and 
men, ale-droppings, scraps of fish, and other abominations 
not fit to be mentioned. Whenever the weather changes a 
‘vapour is exhaled, which I consider very detrimental to health. 

'. . I am confident the island would be much better 
the use of rushes were abandoned.’+ After this we may 


* Hone, Year Book, p. 528. Brand, Popular Antiquities, vol. i. p. 436, 
ol. ii. p. 213. Glover, History of Derbyshire, vol. i. p. 305. 

+ Brewer, Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, in the reign of 
‘Henry VIIL., vol. ii. p. 209. 


88 PLACE AND FIELD NAMES OF DERBYSHIRE. 


cease to wonder at the fearful plagues which committed such 
havoc among the upper classes of English society in the reign 
of the eighth Henry. 

The woad plant (Isasis tinctoria), with the juice of which 
the Britons used to stain and indelibly tattoo their bodies, 
supplies the prefix for WapsHELF (Brampton) and Wap CARR* 
(T. C. Hazelwood). This plant, which produces a deep blue 
dye, was more reasonably used by the Anglo-Saxons for colouring 
cloths and wool. 

LINLEY, by its prefix /iv, flax or linen, tells us of one of the 
earliest forms of clothing used in this island.t The remnants 
of a coarse kind of linen have been often found around the 
bones in British barrows. The same material formed the body 
garments of the Anglo-Saxons and the Normans, though it 
was not cultivated to any great extent in England till the 
time of the Stuarts.{ In looking through the parish maps of 
this county, it is at first somewhat astonishing to find hardly 
a single township that does not possess a FLAX PIECE, Close, 
croft, yard, or something similar. This circumstance, however, 
is explained by 24 Henry VIII. c. 4, “Every person having 
in his occupation three score acres of land, apt for tillage, 
shall sow one rood with seed, otherwise called flax or hemp- 
seed, and also one rood for every forty acres.” This was one of 
the numerous Acts passed in that reign, in the vain endeavour 
to prevent the great rise in the price of wool, which caused 
so many farmers to turn into sheep walks lands that had been 
arable for centuries. Like all laws that are contrary to the 
first principles of political economy, it proved a miserable 
failure, but it existed long enough to name afresh many a field 
throughout the country.§ 


* Wad carr may also mean ‘‘the pool that can be waded,” from wéd, a 
ford. For another interpretation of Wadshelf, see Edmund’s ‘*‘ Names and 
Places” sub voce. 

+ There are several other interpretations of the prefix 4, but I prefer in 
this instance to take that of Dr. Leo Heinrich. JLzzco/n has been already 
explained in a previous chaper. 

+ Strutt’s Dresses, p. 88 and 210, 

§ From the official Agricultural Returns for 1870, I find that the number of 
acres cultivated for flax in Derbyshire were fifty-four. The cultivation of flax 


; 


PLACE AND FIELD NAMES OF DERBYSHIRE. 89 


GRATTON owes its prefix to gres, grass, and indicates its 
propinquity to meadow land. Hassock, which not unfrequently 
gives the name to fields and closes throughout the county, is 
the modern form of Aassuc, coarse grass. Hassocks, or cushions, 
were thus called from being commonly stuffed with this material. 
With CRESsWELL and Cress Hitt, derived from cressa, the 
water cress, or wild nasturtium, we come to the end of Derby- 
shire place-names that are connected with the vegetable world. 


throughout Great Britain has advanced of late years, the acreage having 


advanced from 17,542 acres in 1868, to 23,957 in 1870. In Ireland, on the 


contrary, where it is a far more important crop, there has been a most sad 
decrease. 


se}e) 


Dhe Hevalvte Stained Glass tw Ashburne 
Chureh, Derbyshire. 


By THE Rey. Francis Jourpain, M.A. 


¥A\ HEN we consider the very considerable alterations 
which have been made in the fabric of this Church 
from time to time, and the destructive process of 


“Restoration ” through which it passed in 1839-40, it is satis- 
factory to the Archeologist to note that twenty-eight ancient 
shields have survived to this day, and appear for the most 
part to be in good preservation. From S. George’s Visitation, 
in 1611, now preserved in the Herald’s College, we learn, 
however, that at that period there were in all sixty-one coats 
of arms. As the catalogue appears to have been made with 
tolerable care, and is certainly more correct than that made by 
Elias Ashmole (quoted in Cox’s Churches of Derbyshire, vol ii.), 
we proceed to give it zz extenso, attaching to each shield the 
name of the family, where such may be fairly identified. 

“In Ashburne Churche in com. Derb., the 19th day of 
August, in A° Dom. 1611. All these thereunder in the wyn- 
dowes very ould sett up.” 

I. Quarterly France (3 Meur-de-lis), & England. Royal Arms of 

England. 
2. Ditto, with a thorough label, ermine. John of Gaunt, Duke of 
Lancaster. 
3. England, with a thorough label, avgen¢. Duchy of Lancaster. 
4. Gu. 12 Bezants 333, 2, and 1, a canton, ermine. Zouch. 


vou. m 


JOHN OF GAUNT, 
Duke ALANCASLE 


MONTGOMERY, 
OF Cubley. 


LONGFORD, MACKWORTH ¢fMackworth 
OF Longford /MPALING THORNHILL {£) 


w 
id vd 
: 
> 
: 
< 
,~ 
‘ 
. 
> 
- 
, 


Vi Tee 


BRERETON. LATHBURY, 
OF Hurdlow. OP Eggintor 


IRELAND. 


FERRERS FINOERNE, 
OF Finderne 


5. 


. Quarterly, 1 and 4™ or, a tower, azure, 2 


THE HERALDIC STAINED GLASS IN ASHBURNE CHURCH. QI 


Gu. 3 Water Bougets, argent. De Ros. 


. Ermine, on a chief indented, gu., 3 Ducal Crowns, or. 


Leeche. 
Paly of 6, or and az. a canton, ermine. Shirley. 
( ) on a pile gw., a raven, avg. Chandos. 


. Argent, an eagle displayed, az. Montgomery. 

. Paly of 6, or and gu. a bend, avg. Longford. 

. Barry nebulée, or and gz. Lovell. 

. Quarterly, 1 and 4" on a bend indented, 3 birds; 2"? and 


3’ three eagles displayed. Griffith. 


. Sa. a cinquefoil pierced, 07. Brailsford. 

. Paly of 6, arg. and az. a bend, gw. Annesley. 

. Arg. on a bend, gw., 3 mullets pierced, ov. Bradburne. 

. Arg. 2 Bars az. on a canton of the last, a martlet of the field. 


Lathbury. 


. Per pale indented, avg. and sa., a chevron, gw., fretty, 07, im- 


paling gw., a fess double cottised, argent, Mackworth, im- 
paling Thornhill. (?) 


. Ditto, without the impalement. Mackworth. 

. Gu., a fess, double cottised, avg. ‘Thornhill. (?) 

. Ermine, 2 bendlets, gv. Ireton. 

. Arg. a chevron engrailed between 3 crosses pattée fitchée, sa. 


Finderne. 


. Arg. on a bend, gw., 3 popinjays, ev. Curzon. 
. Arg. 2 bars, gu. on a canton, sa. a cinquefoil of the field. 


Twyford. (?) 


. Arg. onachevron between 3 crescents, gv. an annulet, or. 


Pole. 

"4 and 3% Barry 
nebulée, ov and sa. Donna Sancha de Ayala (Castile) 
quartering Blount. 

Arg. a chevron per pale azure and gu. between 3 eagles 


displayed of the last. Francis or Fraunceys. 


. Arg. a stag’s head caboshed, between the antlers a fleur-de- 


lys, gu. Hartington, or Poleswell. 


. Ermine on a chief, gu. 3 bezants. Okeover. 


92 


29. 
30. 
gi. 
Ba 


33: 
34. 
35: 


36. 
37: 
38. 
Sg. 
40. 
41. 


42. 
43- 
44. 
45- 
46. 


47- 
48. 


49. 
50. 


BL. 
Isp 


53- 
54. 


THE HERALDIC STAINED GLASS IN ASHBURNE CHURCH. 


Gu. 6 fleurs-de-lys, 3, 2, and 1, argent. Ireland. 

Sa. fretty, ov, a canton, ermine. Vernon (?) of Sudbury. 

Gu. a chevron barry nebulée, ov and sa. Kniveton. (?) 

( ) on a bend ( ) 3 mullets, impaling avg., fretty, sa. 
Bradburne impaling Vernon, 

Ermine, on a chief, gz. 3 bezants, impaling (——) on a bend 
(——) 3 mullets (——). Okeover impaling Bradburne. 

) on a bend (——) 3 mullets, impaling paly of 6, over 
alla bendlet. Bradburne impaling Longford. 

Chequy, azure and or, on a canton, gw., a lion rampant, arg. 
Warren, Earl of Surrey. 

Paly of 6, ov and gw. a bendlet, avg. Longford. 

Argent, 3 birds ( \ 

Azure, 3 \ozenges between 9g cross crosslets, ov. Stopford. 


( 


Barry nebulée, ov and sa. Blount. 
Gu., a chevron, vairé. Kniveton. 
(———) on a fess dancettée, between 3 crescents ( 


as many mullets (———).__ Ashburne. 

Argent, 3 cocks, gu. Cokayne. 

Gu., on a saltire, arg., 5 mullets pierced, sa. Sacheverel. 

Or, on a chevron, gwz., 3 sheldrakes, avgent. Sheldon. 

Ermine, on a chief indented, gw., 3 ducal crowns, ov. Leeche. 

Quarterly, 1% and 4™ arg. 3 cocks, gu.; 2? and 3 arg., 
2 bars, vert. Cokayne impaling Herthull. 

Ermine, on a chief, gv., 3 bezants. Okeover. 

Arg., a stag’s head caboshed, between the antlers a fleur-de- 
lys, gv. Hartington or Poleswell. 

Arg., on a bend, gz., 3 mullets, 07. Bradburne. 

Gu., a chevron vairé, avg. and sab.,a mullet for difference. 
Kniveton. 

France and England, quarterly, with plain label. Royal Arms. 

Quarterly, France and England, with a thorough label, evmzne. 
John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster. 

Or, a fess between 3 martlets, gu/es. 

France and England, quarterly, with a plain label within a 
bordure. Thomas of Woodstock. 


eee ee eee 


HARTHILL 


12 


ANNESLEY 


KNIVETON 


RADCLIFFE? 


REVERSED 


Aa Oe ox AS KOs 


vale) 
2097 
eer 4 


FRANCEYS 


»f Foremark 


j 


Py 4 
4 
~~ WSs 


PLATE Iv 


ACHDE aUUt PLATE, 


DE AYALA AND BLOUNT 
QUARTERLY. 


HARTINGTON OR POLESWELL 


OF: 


POLE @¢ Surtinglorn 


VERNON. 


THE HERALDIC STAINED GLASS IN ASHBURNE CHURCH. 93 


55. Gules, a chevron vairé, argent and sadde, with annulet for 
difference. Kniveton. 


56. Do. with martlet. Kniveton (fourth son). 

57- Blank. 

58. Gules, a bend between 6 escallops, ov, with annulet for 
difference. Foljambe. 

59. Lrmine, 2 bendlets, gules. Ireton. 

60. Per pale dexter, ov, 3 piles meeting in a point, gudes, ona 
canton, argent, a griffin segreant, sade. Basset. 

61. Cokayne and Herthull, quarterly, impaling per fess, Marrowe 
and Rich. 

I now add drawings of the Shields now existing. The first 
twenty are all in the great East Window of the Chancel. The 
remaining eight are now fixed in the Clerestory Windows of the 
North Transept. I am indebted to Mr. Cokayne, of the College 
of Arms, for the identification of most of these arms ; also to 
Mr. Sleigh, for an explanation of others. But some, as our readers 
will observe, cannot at present be assigned with absolute certainty 
to any family formerly connected with Ashburne. The drawings 
have been carefully made by my son, under circumstances of 
considerable difficulty. As it seemed of importance to have every 
detail correct, the diaper work has been sketched, and the shields 
blazoned, in order to present to the reader a faithful reproduction 
of these valuable relics of past days. 

The following arrangement will show how many of the present 
shields may be fairly identified with the list which heads our 


_ paper. 


No. in Herald’s No. in Herald’s 
No. of Plate. Visitation. No. of Plate. Visitation. 
I corresponds with 3 8 corresponds with 29 
2 3 2 9 
3 ts 9 10 Pe 21 
4 > 10 II 
5 a 17 12 a 14 
6 13 
7 » 16 14 


94 THE HERALDIC STAINED GLASS IN ASHBURNE CHURCH. 


No. in Herald’s No. in Herald’s’ 
No. of Plate. Visitation. No. of Plate. Visitation. 

15 corresponds with 26 22 corresponds with 34 
16 os 27 23 ” 35 
17 ” 25 24 ” 46 
18 7 24 25 es 38 
19 = 30 26 #3 42 
20 27 

21 28 


Amongst the fragments of glass I have lately discovered some 
birds, argent, which evidently formed part of the Sheldon bearings, 
noted as No. 44 on St. George’s list. 

I reserve some notes and sketches of the figured and pattern 


glass for a future paper. 


“TUHLYVH WTO Od NAW HODCUUC—“‘“‘“‘“‘“‘“‘“‘“‘“‘“‘C CR OL 


eb e 
EIEIE y/ 


2 


( 
N 


95 


Some Ancient Documents relating to Totley, 
Dore, and Holmsfield, near Drontely, 


EDITED By S. O. Appy, M.A. 


Po en I am correct in assuming that the object of the 
5 Society is to collect the materials out of which 
awe See} history may be written, rather than to arrange those 
materials when collected in such a manner as may attract 
the ordinary reader, the publication of the following documents 
will require no apology. Faint is the light which grants, quit- 
claims, and other legal instruments shed upon local history. 
Still, without them, there would often, nay generally, be no 
light at all. ‘They are often the only links which connect the 
busy world of to-day with the still centuries that lie behind 
it. Too often has the historian to paint his word-picture from 
the charter books and rent-rolls of monasteries. Too often, 
from such slight materials only does the romance-writer build 
up the stately forms of historical fiction. 

With reference to the men whose names appear in the 
following documents, or who attested their execution, it may 
be observed that the names of the greater part of them are 
taken from the places where they dwelt. The “ Barns” and 
the ‘‘ Woodhouses” are near Dronfield; the one a farm-house, and 


_ the other a hamlet. Woodthorpe and Bircheved, or Birchet, are 


farm-houses, near Dronfield. Not only have these place-names 
survived, with little alteration, to our day, though the charter 
which mentions them was written six hundred years ago, but 


96 SOME ANCIENT DOCUMENTS. 


the surnames, to which they gave birth, are to be found in the 
neighbourhood still. If we take up an ordnance map we shall 
see that nearly all the places mentioned in these charters are 
in close proximity, and their precise situations may be pointed 
out. Such names as ‘ Barns” and “ Woodhouses”’ seem to carry 
us back to a time when England was half covered with forests, 
and when a barn, or a squatter’s wooden hut, formed a con- 
spicuous spot in the landscape. 

Amongst the trade-names mentioned in these charters we have 
Ralph the barker or tanner, who was living at Dore in 1351, 
Roger the walker or fuller, who was living at the same date, 
Richard the walker, who was living in 1333, and Ralph Cissor, 
Scissor, or cutler, who was living at Dore about the year 1325, 
where he held land under the lordship of Ralph de Welwick, 
knight. The family of Barker acquired considerable wealth, 
and, doubtless, they obtained it from the lucrative trade of 
tanning. From one of the charters we learn that there was a 
tannery at Beauchief. By this charter Hugh of the Barkhouse 
gives to Ralph the barker and William of the Barkhouse (the 
name is the same as the willing ‘‘ Barkis” of Dickens) all his 
property in the tanyard, his goods, chattels, and debts owing 
to him. It would thus appear that tanners, in those days, sold 
on credit, for these debts were “book debts” belonging to the 
tannery. The charter is dated 1384. Attached to another of 
the Barker deeds is a seal, which appears to represent a triangular 
pile of bark. Something is said about these Barkers in Dr. 
Pegge’s Historical Account of Beauchief Abbey, as also in my 
own Memorials of that house. I have nothing to add to what 
has been said in those books, but I will here insert an abstract 
of a deed which Charles Jackson, Esq., of Balby, near Doncaster, 
was good enough to send me :— 


DRONFIELD.—Feast of St. Michael the Archangel, 1449. William Bolloke, 
alderman of the Gild of the Blessed Mary, founded in the parish of St. John 
Baptist, and John Hordryn, chaplain of the same, with the consent of the 
brethren of the gild aforesaid, have granted to Thomas Melton the elder, and 
Joysie, his wife, a messuage in Dronfeld, and ja. and tr. of land, formerly in 


SOME ANCIENT DOCUMENTS. 97 


the tenure of John Taylor. and one garden, situate between the garden of 
Thomas Cooke, &c., from the date thereof for 40 years, yielding to the said 
Alderman and his successors 7s, at the feasts of the Annunciation and St. 
Michael the Archangel. Witnesses, John Barker of Dore, William Owtrem, 
Thomas Fox, William Shemyng, William Cuttlufe, and others. 

[Endorsed ‘‘ Lease of the Gilde of or blessed lady of Dranefield.”] 


On the north bank of the Humber, near Hedon, in the 
seigniory of Holderness, is a place called Paul Holme, the seat 
of a family named Holme, who have lived there since the Con- 
quest. A few miles distant is a village called Welwick, the seat 
of an ancient family of that name; and there is also another 
village called Preston in the same district. Of the following 
charters, the first is a grant by John, son of Thomas del Holme, 
of a piece of land called the Stord or*Storth, with other adjoining 
lands, situate in the village of Holmesfield. The place is yet 
known as Storth House. The document is not dated, but the 
handwriting and the names of witnesses enable me to fix it about 
the year 1280. Charters III. and IV. are grants of land at Dore, 
which is about three ‘miles from Holmesfield, by Ralph, son and 
heir of Ralph de Welwick, Knight. The date of one of them is 
cut off, but the other bears date 1325. Ina pedigree of Holme, 
of Paul Holme, printed in Poulson’s History and Antiquities of 
ffolderness, I find that John Holme, who was living in 1286, had 
a daughter Ursula, who married Ralph Welwick. (The pedigree 
_ gives ‘‘ Roger,’ erroneously.) Moreover, I find that, in 1280, 
John, nephew and heir of Henry de Preston, who held land of 
the king in the Honour of Albemarle, married Emma, daughter of 
Ralph de Welwick.* This family of Preston held lands in 
~Waxham, in Holderness. Ralph de Welwick appears to have 
been living at Welwick between the years 1249—1269, for 
between that period the monks of Meaux agreed to pay him a 
way leave across his land to land belonging to them at Orwith- 
fleet, near Welwick, a place which was destroyed by the inunda- 
tions of the Humber in 1313, and no longer exists. The following 


* Calendarium Genealogicum. 


98 SOME ANCIENT DOCUMENTS. 


table will be useful in showing the connection between the Holme 
family and the Welwicks :— 


Thomas de Holme, of 
Paul Holme in Holder- 
ness, co. York, and of 
Holmesfield in the par. 
of Dronfield, co. Derby.= 


| 


| 

John Holme of=  Ancoretta Ralph de Welwick of = 

Paul Holme and | dau. of Peter Barnetby (Barnby-on- 
Holmesfield. - de la Twyer, Don?) and of Dore in 


Living about | Esq. (Poulson.) parish of Dronfield and 
1280, co. of Derby, knight. 
ooh | 
other children Ursula = Ralphde Emma de = John, nephew & 
(Poulson) (Poulson) Welwick of Welwick heir of Henry 


Barnetby and married All de Preston, who 
Dore, Lord of Souls’ Day, held lands at 
the Manor of 1280. Waxham in 
Dore. (Calendarium Holderness. 
Living 1325. Genealogicum) (Cal. Gen.) 


It will be evident from what has been said above that the family 
of Holme or Del Holme gave their name to the village of Holmes- 
field, and that as Holmesfield is mentioned in the Domesday 
Book, the family had possessions there at that early period. The 
word fo/m means a river-island, and it is evident that the Holme 
family acquired their name through dwelling near the Humber. 
Attached to the Holme charters (the two are fastened together) 
are the remains of a seal. What the seal was cannot be ascer- 
tained. It is contained in a highly-ornamented quatre-feuille, and 
around it are a few letters of a legend which cannot now be read. 

The chief-rent reserved by Charter II. is a rose, to be given to 
the lord once a year, on the 24th of June, or Midsummer Day. 
It is, however, coupled with an ungracious condition—obliging 
the lord to fetch it. This is something like our modern, though 
less elegant, nominal rent of ‘‘a peppercorn if demanded.” In 
Charters VII. and IX. the tenants are to take as much wood as 
they require for fencing, for repairs of their houses, and for 
making their ploughs and the wheels of their wagons. This had 
been usual in past times. 


— 


SOME ANCIENT DOCUMENTS. 99 


We may note in these charters the changes by which the 
Totinglei of the Doomsday Survey has become the Totley of 
to-day. It became Totenley, Tontonley, Totingley, and so on. 
Totley (Tottle) was the name of a royal park, near Burstwick, in 
Holderness. By an inquisition taken in 1298 it was found, on 
the oaths of certain men of Holderness, and amongst them Ralph 
de Welwick, that a portion of that park had been enclosed. This 
fact again appears to point to the connection between the Holmes 
and the Welwicks of Holderness and the villages of Holmesfield 
and Totley. The word of itself seems to be related to fof and 
turf, and to mean an enclosure. 

* Leonard Gill, gentleman,” mentioned in the last document as 
possessing a lead-mill or smelting-house at Totley, resided at 
Norton, probably at Norton House—a large and beautiful old 
mansion lately pulled down, where the letters ‘‘ Le. G.” were 
inscribed on the finely-decorated mantel-piece of the best apart- 
ment. He had a shot manufactory at Greenhill, near Norton, 
through which, in 1626, he incurred the suspicions of the Privy 
Council. He carried on the manufacture of shot along with John 
Bloodworth, a silkman, of London On these matters I hope to 
say more in a future paper, but I here subjoin an extract from the 
“Local Notes and Queries” of the Sheffield and Rotherham 
Independent :— 


Norton Ilousr.—As this old mansion is now in the course of demolition, 
and will shortly be among the things which have passed away, it may not, 
perhaps, be uninteresting to some of the readers of your notes and queries to 
receive a parting notice of it. 

Understanding that there was much about the place not unworthy of 
observation, especially in the way of ancient woodwork, the writer, with 
several friends, paid a visit to it on Friday last, September 28, but unhappily 
a day too late to see the dining-room panels attached to its walls. 

The house is a very substantial, well-built structure, of the early part of the 
17th century, with a few windows inserted and other small alterations made 
about a century later. It consists of a body with projecting wings, and was 
evidently erected as the residence of a family of good position. It has an 
entrance hall of good size, panelled throughout, but not in a very rich style, 
and various rooms below and above of goodly dimensions, but somewhat low. 
The principal of these is the dining room already alluded to, which is on the 


100 SOME ANCIENT DOCUMENTS. 


first floor. Here the panelling, of which we saw specimens which had just 
been stripped from its walls, was of very good and rich character, and strongly 
resembled that still remaining in the old dining-room at Carbrook Hall. We 
understood that it had been sold for £500 to a person from Lancaster. The 
ceiling of this room is in six compartments, and of fine, elegant stucco work, 
each compartment varying, On the chimney-piece in one of the rooms is the 
figure of a Saracen (perhaps intended as a crest), with the initials L. E. G., 
and the date 1623. The same figure, with like initials and date, appears 
repeatedly on the conductor spouts of the western end of the house. The 
spouts are partly gilt, and of extremely good character. The initial and date 
in all probability will lead to the knowledge of the time of the erection of the 
house and the name of the builder. This latter, it would seem, was not a 
Morewood, as Lysons suggests, but Leonard Gill, who married Elizabeth, the 
sister of Bishop Saunderson, at Blyth, Oct 13, 1607. (See ‘‘ Hunter’s Hallam.,” 
Gatty’s edit., p. 399). Edward, the eldest son of this marriage, took as his 
first wife a daughter of Stephen Bright, of Carbrook, and this connexion may 
well account for the great similarity of the panelling of the dining-rooms of 
the two places, which very likely were designed and executed by the same 
artists. ‘Though Norton House was erected before the civil wars, and was 
possessed by a family of stout Parliamentarians, it does not appear that it 
suffered any aggression in those troublous times. It was reserved for a later 
day for its inhabitants to be brought into suspicion and danger for their 
political opinions, for it is stated that during the revolutionary period of the 
latter part of the last century it was searched, to the great annoyance of its 
then owner, Mr. Newton, under the authority of a warrant from the Secretary 
of State, certain supposed dangerous characters having been suspected of 
hiding there. Before taking leave of this venerable mansion one cannot but 
express a regret that it should be deemed necessary or desirable to demolish it, 
especially as it is so well and substantially built that it might be restored at a 
very moderate cost. 
October 2, 1877. j.5: 


The present representative of the Gill family is Francis Westby 
Bagshawe, Esq., of The Oaks and Wormhill Hall, in Derbyshire. 


I. 
[Circa 1280.] 

Sciant preesentes et futuri quod ego Johannes filius Thome de Holm dedi, 
concessi, et hac preesenti carta mea confirmavi Petro de Bernis et heeredibus 
suis, vel suis assingnatis, pro quadam summa pecunize quam mihi pre manibus 
donavit, quamdam placiam terree meze que vocatur le stord jacentem versus 
rivulum de Totinley, et buttantem super terram Simonis de Vodethorp versus 


SOME ANCIENT DOCUMENTS. Iol 


australem, et aliam placiam terrze mez jacentem juxta le Helrinuelle. buttantem 
versus borealem super le Bradeveybroc, una cum duabus acris terree mez qua 
vocantur le Longecroft, jacentes inter terram predicti Petri ex parte boreali 
et Regiam viam, et buttant ad unum caput super le Norythaye versus 
occidentalem, et aliud caput versus orientalem, et. aliam placiam terre mez 
super le Heestorhys, inter terram preedicti Petri versus occidentalem et terram 
que quondam fuit Adz de Stolbilly, ex altera parte, et aliam placiam terre 
mez super le Mickelee jacentem inter terram Helize de Wodehuses versus 
occidentalem Scort rodmron? et buttat ad unum caput super Malbecros 
versus borealem, et aliut capud super terram Petri filii Adze de Wodehuses. 
Habendum et tenendum de me et heredibus meis vel assingnatis pradicto 
Petro et hzredibus suis, vel suis assingnatis, libere, quiete, bene, et in pace 
sine alio retenemento impperpetuum, cui et quibus in gritudine vel in 
sanitate dare, legare, vendere, vel assingnare voluerit, cum omnibus libertatibus, 
communis, in viis, in aquis, in boscis, in pascuis et pasturis, jure et hereditarie 
sicut jacent in preedictis locis. Reddendo inde annuatim mihi et hzredibus 
meis vel assingnatis quatuor denarios ad duos terminos anni, videlicet ii d. ad 
festum Michaelis, et duos denarios ad Annunciacionem Beatz Mariz, pro 
omnibus szecularibus serviciis, sectis curiz, et demandis dictis terris perti- 
nentibus. Et ego przdictus Johannes, et hzredes mei, vel assingnati, dicto 
Petro et hzredibus suis vel assingnatis preedictas terras, cum omnibus perti- 
nenciis suis, contra omnes homines et feeminas, et maxime de omnibus 
decis [ ? decimis] in perpetuum warantizabimus, acquietabimus, et ubique 
defendemus pro servicio predicto. In cujus rei testimonium presenti carte 
sigillum meum aposui. Hiis testibus Hugone de Linakir, Thoma de Leys, 
Willelmo filio Matani, Ricardo Marescall, Johanne de Birchevid, Thoma 
clerico de Wodehuses, Johanne clerico de Stolbilley, et aliis. [Indorsed, 
in later hand, ‘‘ Storth juxta Tontonley, com-Derb.”] 


Il. 
[Czrca 1280.] 


Sciant preesentes et futuri quod ego Johannes filius Thomz del Holm dedi, 
concessi, et hac preesenti carta mea confirmavi, et omnino de me et hzredibus 
eis quietum clamavi Petro de Bernis et heredibus suis vel assingnatis, pro 
uadam summa pecuniz quam mihi pre manibus donavit, quandam placiam 
err mez que vocatur le Storth jacentem versus rivulum de Totinley, et 
ttantem super terram Symonis filii Gerardi del Wodethorp versus austra- 
lem, et aliam placiam terre mez jacentem juxta le Olrinwelle, butantem versus 
borialem super Bradeweybrok, una [cum] duabus acris terrae meze que vocantur 
Longecroft, jacentes inter terram predicti Petri ex parte boriali, et altam 
_ viam ex parte australi, et buttat unum capud super le Norythaye ex parte occi- 
dentali, et aliud capud super altam [viam] ex parte orientali. Habendum et 


102 SOME ANCIENT DOCUMENTS. 


tenendum de me et hzeredibus meis vel assingnatis przedicto Petro et hzeredibus 
suis, vel assingnatis suis, libere, quiete, bene, et in pace, sine aliquo retenemento, 
vel diminucione in perpetuum, cui aut quibus et quocunque in egritudine vel 
in sanitate dare, legare, vendere, vel assingnare voluerit, cum omnibus liberta- 
tibus, aysiamentis, commoditatibus, in viis, in semitis, in aquis, in boscis, in 
placiis, pascuis, in pasturis, jure, hereditarie, sicud jacent in preedictis locis, et 
ubique. dictis terris pertinent. Reddendo inde annuatim mihi et hzeredibus 
meis vel assingnatis dictus Petrus et heredes sui unam rosam die Nativitatis 
Sancti Johannis Baptiste in domo sua, pro omnibus seecularibus serviciis, con- 
suetudinibus, demandis, [et] sectis curiz dictis terris jacentibus (sc). Et ego 
przedictus Johannes et hzeredes mei vel assingnati przedicto Petro et heeredibus 
suis vel assingnatis preedictas terras cum omnibus pertinenciis suis, sicud prze- 
dictum est, contra omnes homines et foeminas in perpetuum warantizabimus, 
adquietabimus, et ubique defendemus, pro servicio preedicto. In cujus rei 
testimonium preesenti cartze sigillum meum apposui. Hiis testibus Jordano de 
Habetot, Thoma de Leys, Willelmo filio Matanie, Ricardo Marescallo, 
Johanne de Bernes, Hugone de Bernes, et aliis. [Indorsed, in later hand, 
** Storth, juxta Tontonley, com. Derb.”] 


III. 
[1325.] 


Noverint universi quod ego Radulphus de Wellewick, miles, concessi et 
dimisi Ricardo fulloni de Dore et Cecilize uxori suz, ad totam vitam suam 
et eorum alteri qui diucius supervixerit, totum illud messuagium cum edificiis 
superzedificatis, et totam terram, pratum, et boscum, cum omnibus pertinenciis 
suis, quae Willelmus Blys pater ejusdem Ricardi quondam tenuit in villa 
et territorio de Dore ; habenda et tenenda preedictis Ricardo et Ceciliz uxori 
suz, et eorum alteri qui diucius supervixeril, pacifice, et integre, cum 
omnibus communis et aysiamentis dictis messuagio, terre, prato, et bosco 
pertinentibus, infra villam et extra. Reddendo inde annuatim mihi et 
heredibus meis vel meis assignatis novem solidos et obolum ad duds anni 
terminos, pro zquali porcione solvendos, videlicet in festo Sancti Martini in 
hyeme et in festo Nativitatis Sancti Johannis Baptiste, et faciendo sectam 
ad curiam meam de Dore, et alia servicia forinseca inde debita et consueta. 
Et ego preedictus Radulphus et heredes mei praedictum messuagium, terram, 
pratum, et boscum, cum omnibus pertinenciis suis, przedictis Ricardo et 
Cecilize uxori suze ad totam vitam suam et eorum alterius qui diucius super- 
vixerit contra omnes gentes warantizabimus. In cujus rei testimonium tam 
sigillum meum quam sigillum preedicti Ricardi prasenti scripto indentato 
alternatim sunt appensa. Hiis testibus Johanne de le Wodehouses, 
Ricardo de eadem, Thoma de Gotham, Ricardo Gilly, Thoma de 
Birchehewed, et aliis. Datum apud Bernetby die Martis proxima post 


SOME ANCIENT DOCUMENTS. 103 


P oo90 
festum Sanctz Marie Magdalene; anno domini millesimo C C C vicesimo 
quinto. [Indorsed in a later hand ‘‘ Dimissio Will’i deWellwikes Militis de 
terris in Dore. Derb’.”] 


IV. 
[Circa 1325.] 

Omnibus Christi fidelibus hoc prasens scriptum visuris vel audituris 
Radulphus filius et heres Radulphi de Wellewek, militis, salutem in Domino. 
Noveritis me concessisse et dimisisse Radulpho Cissori de Dore, et Matildze 
uxori suze, et heredibus suis de corporibus suis legitime procreatis, totam illam 
terram cum tofto et crofto, bosco, prato, et omnibus aliis pertinentiis suis, 
quam idem Radulphus de me tenuit in villa et territorio de Dore, tenendam et 
habendam totam predictam terram cum omnibus pertinenciis suis przefatis 
Radulpho et Matildze uxori suze, et haredibus suis legitime procreatis, de me 
et heredibus meis, integre, quiete, et pacifice, reddendo inde mihi et herzedibus 
meis annuatim quadraginta denarios ad duos anni terminos, videlicet ad festum 
Nativitatis Sancti Johannis Baptiste viginti denarios, et ad festum Sancti 
Martini viginti denarios ; et faciendo mihi et hzredibus meis duas sectas ad 
curiam meam de Dore per annum, videlicet ad magnam curiam meam 
proximam post festum Sancti Michaelis, et ad curiam meam proximam post 
festum Paschz, pro omnibus aliis serviciis seecularibus, exactionibus, et 
demandis. Et ego predictus Radulphus et hzeredes mei totum pradictum 
tenementum cum domibus, zedificiis, boscis, pratis, et omnibus suis perti- 
nenciis preedictis Radulpho Cissori et Matildee uxori suze, et heredibus suis de 
corporibus suis procreatis, contra omnes gentes warantizabimus et defendemus 
impperpetuum. In cujus rei testimonium presenti scripto sigillum meum 
apposui; hiis testibus Johanne Wathe, Johanne Wygleye, Roberto Selioke, 
Ricardo Walkar, Johanne Hollowey, et aliis. Datum apud Barnetbe die 
dominica proxima post festum Sancti Martini [est cut off]. Draft on paper. 


V. 
[1300 ? ] 

Omnibus ad quos hoc presens scriptum pervenerit Johannes de Stolbaley 
clericus salutem in Domino sempiternam. Noveritis me dedisse, concessisse, 
et omnino de me et heredibus meis in perpetuum quietum clamasse Ricardo 
filio Adze de Totinley, manenti in Dore, totum jus meum et clamium juris 
quod unquam habui, vel habere potui, in omnibus terris et tenementis mihi 
‘in villa de Dore spectantibus, que quondam fuerunt Ranulpho de Dore, 
Tenendum et habendum dicto Ricardo et hzredibus suis vel assignatis 
libere, quiete, et pacifice, jure et hereditarie impperpetuum, cum omnibus 
libertatibus, communis, et asyamentis, infra villam de Dore et extra, ad 


104 SOME ANCIENT DOCUMENTS. 


dictam terram spectantibus. Ita siquid quod nec ego przedictus Johannes, 
mec heeredes mei, nec aliquis pro me, vel ex parte mea, ‘aliquod jus, vel 
clamium, vel calumpniam, in preedictis terris et tenementis cum pertinenciis 
vel clamare vel vendicare de ccetero poterimus in posterum. Pro hac autem 
donacione, concessione, et quieta clamacione dedit mihi dictus Ricardus 
quandam summam pecunize pre manibus in gersumma. Et quia volo quod 
hzec mea donacio, concessio, et quieta clamacio robur obtineat firmitatis 
huic przesenti scripto sigillum meum apposui. His testibus Thoma de Leys, 
Thoma de Wodehouse, .clerico, Willelmo filio Matanie, Petro de Bernis, 
Ad clerico, et aliis. [Indorsed in later hand, ‘‘ Terrz in villa de Dore in 
Scarsdale, Derb.”’] 


VI. 


[1384.] 

Sciant preesentes et futuri quod [ego] Hugo de Barkhowse dedi, concessi, 
et hac presenti carta mea confirmavi Radulpho de Dore et Willelmo de 
Barkhowse omnia bona et catalla mea, quee habui in tanaria de Bello Capite. 
Preeterea dedi eisdem Radulpho et Willelmo universa debita mea ad przedic- 
tam tanariam quovismodo pertinentia, habenda et tenenda omnia preedicta 
bona et catalla mea cum universis debitis supradictis przedictis Radulpho 
et Willelmo heredibus et assignatis suis impperpetuum. Et ego vero 
preedictus Hugo et heredes mei omnia preedicta bona et catalla mea, cum 
universis debitis supradictis, preedictis Radulpho et Willelmo, hzeredibus et 
assignatis suis, contra omnes gentes warantizabimus impperpetuum. In 
cujus rei testimonium preesenti scripto sigillum meum apposui. His testibus 
Ada Lawnder, Henrico Barker de Bello Capite, et Thoma Barker de Dore, 
et aliis. Datum apud Bellum Capud die Dominica proxima post festum 
Nativitatis Sancti Johannis Baptistee anno regni regis Ricardi secundi post 
conquestum septimo. [Indorsed in later hand ‘‘ Beaucheff.”] 

On the strip of parchment to which the seal has been affixed may be 
read . . . Ego Hugo de Barkhowse dedi &c. Radulpho de Dore et 
Willelmo de Barkhowse . . . . . que habui in tanaria de Bello 
Capite wr) ues 


VIL. 
[1407.] 


Hee indentura facta inter Radulphum Barker de Dore, ex ‘una parte, et 
Willelmum del Croft, juniorem, ex alia parte, testatur quod preedictus 
Radulphus concessit et dimisit preefato Willelmo totum illud messuagium cum 
toftis, croftis, pratis, pasturis, et omnibus aliis pertinenciis suis praedicto 
mesuagio quovismodo pertinentibus, quod Adam Milner quondam tenuit in 


SOME ANCIENT DOCUMENTS. 105 


Totenley, ac eciam dimidium Browne Croft, cum pertinenciis suis, in eadem 
villa. Habend. et tenend. prefato Willelmo et Alicize uxori ejus, ad totam 
vitam suam, et post decessum predictorum Willelmi et Alicize, Johanni filio 
eorundem ad totam vitam ipsius Johannis, et post decessum preedicti Johannis, 
Roberto fratri suo, tenend. ad totam vitam suam, et post decessum przedicti 
Roberti Willelmo fratri suo, tenend. ad totam vitam suam. Reddendo inde 
annuatim przfato Radulpho et heredibus suis undecim solidos et duos denarios 
videlicet ad festa Nativitatis Sancti Johannis Baptiste, et Natalis Domini, per 
aequales porciones pro omnibus serviciis. Et praedictus Radulphus et hzredes 
sui invenient prefato Willelmo, Aliciz et filiis suis praenominatis meremium 
sufficientem ad preedictum mesuagium reparandum, et ad rotas et carucas 
faciendas, quociens necesse fuerit, toto termino predicto, Et predictus 
Radulphus et heeredes sui praedictum mesuagium cum toftis, croftis, pratis, 
pasturis, et omnibus aliis pertinenciis suis, ac eciam dimidium Brown Croft, 
cum pertinenciis suis, praefato Willelmo, Alicize uxori ejus, Johanni, Roberto, 
et Willelmo filiis eorum, ad totam vitam ipsorum, in forma preedicta, contra 
omnes warantizabunt et defendent. In cujus rei testimonium his indenturis 
partes preedictz sigilla sua alternatim apposuerunt. Datum apud Totenley die 
dominica proxima post festum Sancti Bartholemzei Apostoli anno regni regis 
Henrici quarti post conquestum octavo. [Indorsed ‘‘ Dimissio de terris in 
Totenley per Henricum (sic) Barker de Dore, Derb.”’] 


VIII. 
[1333-] 


Hoc presens scriptum indentatum factum apud Dore die Veneris in crastino 


Annunciacionis Beate Mariz Virginis anno domini M°. CCC tricesimo 
tertio incepto testatur quod ego Margeria Gilly, in pura viduitate mea, concessi 
et dimisi Willelmo del Lym illud messuagium cum terris et tenementis, pratis, 
et omnibus aliis pertinenciis suis, quod Emma filia Johannis del Horlowe 
mater-mea tenuit in villa et territorio de Dore. Habendum et tenendum 
predictum messuagium cum terris, tenementis et omnibus pertinenciis suis, 
_ predictis Willelmo hzeredibus et assignatis suis, a die confectionis praesentium 
usque ad terminum duodecim annorum obsequencium plene completorum, cum 
omnibus communis et aysiamentis dictis messuagio et terra pertinentibus. 
Faciendo pro me et hzeredibus mets, durante termino preedicto, servicia inde 
debita et consueta capitali domino feodi illius. Et liceat praedicto Willelmo 
cuicunque voluerit pradictum messuagium cum omnibus supra-memoratis 
dimittere, durante termino priedicto, sine contradictione mei vel hzredum 
meorum. Et ego dicta Margeria et haredes mei praedictum messuagium cum 
terris, tenementis, pratis, et omnibus aliis pertinenciis suis, predicto Willelmo 
heeredibus et assignatis suis usque ad finem termini predicti plenarie completi 


106 SOME ANCIENT DOCUMENTS. 


contra omnes gentes warantizabimus et defendemus. In cujus rei testimonium 
hiis scriptis indentatis sigilla utriusque partis alternatim sunt appensa ; hiis 
testibus Roberto de Seliock, Johanne de Wodehous, Ricardo le Walker, 
Hugone le Barker, Johanne del Horlowe, et aliis. Datum die, loco, et anno 
supradictis. [Indorsed in later hand ‘‘ Terrze in Dore.”] 


IX. 
[1351] 


Noverint universi per preesentes indenturas quod Ricardus de Meygnill con- 
cessit et dimisit Radulpho le barker de Dore, et Johannze uxori suze, ad totam 
vitam suam, et cui eorum qui diucius vixerit, totam illam culturam terre, cum 
bosco et omnibus aliis pertinenciis et aysiamentis suis in totenley quz vocatur 
Becceley. Habend. et tenend. przedictam terram et boscum, cum omnibus 
pertinenciis suis, preedicto Radulpho et Johannze uxori suz, ad totam vitam 
suam, et cui eorum qui diucius vixerit. Reddendo annuatim preedicto Ricardo, 
heeredibus seu assignatis suis, octo solidos argenti et sex denarios, videlicet ad 
festa Sancti Johannis Baptistze et Sancti Martini in hyeme per zequales por- 
ciones. Et preedictus Radulphus et Johanna uxor sua capient haybot de bosco 
ibidem crescente ad claudendam preedictam terram quocienscumque et qua- 
cumque necesse fuerit, sicut alii tenentes ante ista tempora fecerunt. Et pre- 
dictus Ricardus concessit pro se et heeredibus suis praedicto Radulpho et 
Johanne uxori suze communam pasture ad totam vitam eorundem in mora 
quantum ad suum dominicum pertinet. Et eciam praedictus Ricardus et hzeredes 
sui totam predictam terram, cum bosco et cum omnibus pertinenciis suis 
preefatis Radulpho et Johannz, sicut preedictum est, contra omnes gentes 
warantizabunt. In cujus rei testimonium presenti scripto indentato sigilla 
utriusque partis alternatim sunt appensa ; hiis testibus Willelmo filio Symonis, 
Rogero le Walker, Roberto filio Rayneri, Roberto filio Ricardi, Thoma de 
bircheved, et aliis. Datum apud Totenley die dominica proxima post festum 
Invencionis Sanctz Crucis, anno regni regis Edwardi tertii post conquestum 
vicesimo quarto. 


X.—[ABSTRACT. ] = 


[1630 ] 

By Indenture dated 3rd of March, 1630, and made between Philip, Earl 
of Pembroke and Montgomery, Lord Chamberlain of his Majesty’s house- 
hold, and Knight of the most noble Order of the Garter, Sir Benjamin 
Rudyerd, Knight, Surveyor of His Majesty’s Courts of Wards and Livery, 
and Sir Robert Pye, of Westminster, Knight, of the one part, and Stephen 
Bright, of Carbrook, in the county of York, gentleman, and Thomas Sharpe, 
citizen and merchant, of London, of the other part, it is witnessed that in 


| 
) 
r. 


SOME ANCIENT DOCUMENTS. 107 


consideration of the sum of £1850 paid to the said Earl by the said S. Bright 
and T. Sharpe, and for divers other good considerations, the said Earl 
covenanted with the said Bright and Sharpe, that the said Earl, together 
with the said Sir Benjamin Rudyerd, and Sir Robert Pye, would, before 
the last day of June next ensuirg, convey to the said S. Bright and T. 
Sharpe all their estate in the Manor of Totley, alias Totingley, and in all 
those six messuages, farms, etc., in Totley, aforesaid, one whereof was in 
the occupation of Raphe Martyn, and William Wad, another in the 
occupation of Robert Hepworth, William Stevenson, Thomas Barker, and 
Francis Barker, another in the occupation of Robert Green, another in 
the occupation of Edward Calton and Christopher Newbolt, another in 
the occupation of Robert Skargell, and one other in the occupation 
of Godfrey Calton, Richard Bullock, Thomas Gregory, and Raphe Martyn, 
together with the appurtenances and a water corn mill in Totley in the 
occupation of Edward Barker, gentleman, also a lead mill or ‘* smilting ” 
house then in the occupation of Leonard Gill, gentleman, and Mistress 
Hall, widow, together with the weirs, “forbayes,”* etc., belonging to the 
said corn mill and lead mill, and all services, waste grounds, commons, 
etc. [Five lines are then erased, but as far as they can be read they relate to 
a messuage in Dore, near Totley, late in the occupation of Henry Jepson (?)] 
Covenant by Phillip Earl of Pembroke, Sir Benjamin Rudyerd, and Sir 
Robert Pye, that, notwithstanding any act or thing done or omitted by them, 
or the Right Honourable Lady Mary Countess dowager of Pembroke, the 
late Right Honourable William Earl of Pembroke, deceased, Gilbert, late 
Earl of Shrewsbury, deceased, Robert Booth, Thomas Cooke, William 
Haymand, Robert Kidman and Henry Butler, they had good right to convey. 
{Indorsed ‘* A deed of covenant for conveyance of Totley to Mr. Bright from 
the Earl of Pembroke, et alii. No. 2.”] 


* The breast or front wall of a lock. 


Vides ae 
Mol 
sos ML adhe ven ich meh iis 
ME hip etydinnaige! HAGAN Er Fas 
, 


Pesaro yh aR ok eae) 
~e % 7 ' 


TE SOO ie AES oT See 


N pe Pe wee Ack 


\ 
. 


Sn \ 
ip Olah i tee Xk 


*y 


109 


Some Potes on the Cokavune fatty. 


By ANDREAS E. COKAYNE. 


HIN accurate account of the monuments in the Cokayne 
Chapel in Ashburne Church appears in the second 
volume of Mr. J. Charles Cox’s ‘Derbyshire Churches,” 
but it may be of interest briefly here to recount the names of 
those persons to whom these monuments were erected, some 
of them retaining no inscriptions, and some few alterations and 
restorations having been made since the close of 1876. 

The Cokayne family resided in Ashburne for a period of 
more than 500 years, certainly from the middle of the 12th 
century down to late in the 17th, when Sir Aston sold his 


Ashburne property (in 1671). The eldest representative in 
seven successive generations, from 1372 to 1592, is monument- 
ally commemorated in an unbroken line, if we include also the 
pretty little altar tomb now in the Chancel of Youlgreave 
Church, with effigy of Thomas Cokayne, who died in his 
father’s life-time. He married Agnes, daughter of Robert 
Barlow, and died in 1488. 

To take the Cokayne monuments according to their position :— 
The large mural one outside the parclose is to Sir Thomas 
Cokayne, who was knighted at the taking of Edinburgh in 1544. 
He married Dorothy (ob. 1595), daughter of Sir Humphrey 
Ferrers, and died 15th Nov., 1592. His “Treatise of Hunt- 
ing,” written at the close of 1591, now an almost uniaue book, 
I have had accurately transcribed from the original volume in 
the British Museum, and it is reprinted hereafter, in the 
belief that it may possibly be—as a curious and rare work—of 


Ilo SOME NOTES ON THE COKAYNE FAMILY. 


some interest to members of this Society. The preface and 
introduction are more interesting, perhaps. than the text of the 
book is valuable. 

The altar tomb on the left hand on entering the chapel is 
that of Francis Cokayne (ob. 1538) and his wife, Dorothy, 
daughter and heir of Thomas Marrowe. That in the corner, 
records Sir Thomas Cokayne, Knt. (ob. 1537), and his wife 
Barbara, daughter of John FitzHerbert. 

The alabaster tomb, with male and female effigies, is that of 
Sir John Cokayne, Knt. (ob. 1447), and his wife. His jst 
wife was Jane, daughter of Sir John Dabridgecourt, Knt., of 
Stratfieldsaye: his second wife, Isabel, daughter of Sir Hugh 
Shirley, Knt., is gracefully pourtrayed in effigy on a fine altar 
tomb in Polesworth church, co. Warwick, where she was buried. 
Superincumbent on the next and oldest tomb are the effigies of 
the last-named Sir John Cokayne’s father (Edmond, slain at 
the battle of Shrewsbury in 1404), and grandfather (Sir John 
Cokayne, Knt., ob. 1372). 

The plain alabaster tomb, with incised slab, adjacent, is 
that of John Cokayne (ob. 1505), and his wife Agnes, daughter of 
Sir Richard Vernon, of Haddon, Knt. 

The “ Treatise of Hunting,” above referred to, is a small 4to. 
book with Title (1p.), Dedication (2pp.), Preface (zpp.), and 
Text (24pp.) without pagination, interspersed with 7 woodcuts 
of animals—hounds, foxes, otters, stags. 

Lowndes refers to the book thus :—‘“ Black letter, inscribed 
to the Earle of Shrewsburie. Four sheets, with woodcuts, 
principally borrowed from Turberville’s Treatise. A copy is in 
the British Museum. Inglis 366, £17 10s. Puttick 1855 
(one leaf M.S. £10 5s.) 


Yopl[eg JO audeyxo) atioary =ouu e1eq.ie auel Ay}0410 amo7Ty todsel 
PILeA J iio) d ria ie ss I 43010 - Al 1 
eumoqysy Jo audvyo> sewuoy.y, AIS jo s9jySnep ‘ouvf—Lomoy yusoul A 


(‘obi “Z ‘9 704 ‘255g ) Ag4eq” *02 ‘que fo moz Jo 2245 1pagq MOLL JI0AINT 


{ Fr jx Avy oy ‘Le jax ouuy 


goll ur. Oz "Je audvyO> siouRsy 
| bz yx aukeyor adioacy 
yetes Arey auu vuue ‘go ‘yJoqezty audvyor sioursy aukeyoy jaueyjen 
a bes te airs 
A94SEd19'T Jo yWIS godr ut Lz yx oresieyy goLt ut bz yx aukeyo> urueluag 
SEIOYIIN' JO ‘nep ‘s0¥I5) a1dvIpuesg jo tL —— 


= 
patueur : Aqiaq Jo £ golr ‘UOXIN’ uYof Jo | auXeyo> afm JST: proyeys ‘od ‘uaayg | audexor uojSuIsseig jo uojxng 
Ut g$ yee ‘ouxeyo> sioues 41 “Rep “Heqezyy—-pruvyyen yo SYIOD soul jo ‘nep ‘ouuy—L SeUIOY |, =pavyory jo 194 Snep ‘uel 


Lake Sees ae 
& ‘loyySnep auo prey pur ‘SI9]SNep OA\} pry pure PAOLA ‘09 ‘uoyyshy Jo youts uapsappeyD jo 
euuy = Ayjoiog aowg ew aUARYOD prepay “ew ‘oudeyod sewoyy, preyory JO t9)4Snep ‘qyaqeziy ql ufeyo) siouvsy 
Pa eS ee ee = eae —— ——-—__. —————_|— J 
uopuo'T jo ‘d's : juvyorsur v Aa[peag Jo rayoeyy, [SPP PREIS jo 
apo ~ «xn ‘Kyjo10q ‘audeyor ad1oary “* Jo Jaqysnep ‘Suuy— ukvyoo siouesy 
L = ele —- el 
Arey suos 
‘nep e uos & — 4 Aqiaq] Jo ayo5 [[PSuy sewmoy yp 1ayj01q 
me eae aT ‘Nep YW ad10ay) “xn ‘aovicy audeyor aSi0ay) say 0} Jay ajos ‘uap 
=> jUa1] -Uo-uojNg jo t—_____" aL 4 “sappeyD jo yjasuy milk 4 
100Y XN JayIVg yey “xn =Liey pue uos ‘sufeyo- stour. 0 Jayysnep ‘yjaqvzipq—Laukeyo> S100 
ooy . PE HEY —— STP YOO slourry J qonep “qeqeziy =i bat D 
Aquaqy jo amory WOUTA Jo sazySnep ‘ouuy—Luos Jadunok v ‘uopryyeg jo aukexoD a81095) 
\ eee | 


aimbsq ‘aumoqysy jo aukeyxo5 pleapy 


8-9£1 7 ‘9 704 ‘2eq : ANIVOD 


(7 ow LAAN Ad ) 


~sol MURS 
‘ 


“naga? a 


rar wat? 


bSgi ‘Arenuef £z qo x brgi ‘Ang £z qo pu ‘youryy “YsaDyy vuup vans “sty ayv] ayy Jo uoyvuaofus 
ober “Kinf zz wiog ‘Kuy £ ulog ‘ysrey Jlaquazy odi0ary morf 24 Aoppaus AAv[Y GD eudkvyoy srouvay fo spun 
u —-+ —-——--H “Puarsap aya £ (uorssassog s pangs ‘sayy ut Apaausof 

BerSePr s 5 aS ayia puz =. “meyyog pun) ‘uojgay fo mvyswezy “7 *P ssiy AQ aus 07 uaz 
Ens bs 8 Qee 3 pang sem pur ‘LZer 2A SIped VD M04, 24D UtB4IY SuONDABUaS F sdf 2Y] 
g-25 gO § pa Es ‘FI ysnony ‘qo £ uoaaq x 

os ao $ 'E elie. °S “JOOW-3Y}-UL-puryyong "gg H VWwpawy] 4ojun yp] 6S _1Zg1 10 ozgi “bz 

Saas = 9S x2 JOtojo0y pur ‘uoySuryorg = uyof arg ? MOP ae $a ‘sny fai a 

Se 5 SF eS -umo-uojinqysy jo ror, emayg Aruay urjdey SE  waquie-youuy Arvypy 

= See co os “YSIeY WRIT[IAL “AD ay} jo saz4ySnep ane ‘Ua]a}] me ‘wut! thei 40 Ibgr ‘ 

90% Le » ‘uojdworg qe ‘zber 9 ‘gSgr 300 6 ‘uoAaq ‘oo = ur Wequey ye unq ‘Aourjut ur “qo 
# Eero, oe #8 dequiaidag patuew! togr ysiapseyyong ye patueu ie) ‘togr ‘urf § uioq * g6L1 v0.10 u10q 
Sc) = gz Avy wsoq S vuuy veg audeyoy uoysy seuoyy faukeyoy uweypryy  oukeyog stoursry 

— =i eieeiaes — | — = 
paltivuun ‘qo ‘eurnsiy> ‘ola"T “09 ‘uo, SurU : 

‘ patuevuiun ‘qo ‘vieg uopSuruuoc] | -uocpapseD ye “nq uapsap Sunod pap uapsap 


pelea ‘uaT [aT 
‘d's ‘paureu ‘avy 
palueur ‘qjaqeziy iy 


ayise) ye patngq : Z6Z1 ‘Cz 
WO ‘Aquaqy ‘s,1a]9g “S ye 
patueur § <inqya 


1ZL1 ‘aun{ £z uap 
-sappeyd qe *deq 
vy vieg—Loudeyog weryitay 


[[B OY s19zySnep 
pey pur ‘poueu 
audeyor semoyy 


-peyg ye «nq 
paluevmun ‘qo 


audeyor uyof 
ts 


“pey.) 72 paring 
+ paliueuiun ‘qo 
aukeyod siouvsy. 


LS ee le = aE —s ——-—-L—_—___ _ 
| 
Aqiaq] reou ‘UOSBA|WJO ‘sae’] “eu “nep yw janures seuoy | 
tL og1 “qo SSL1 
Aquaqy jo uojdayy af ! uapsappeyy je | ‘aeyy$z uapsap 
“ESL41 39Q tZ = UOSATOY] “* ~—-4Jo ‘paway °° uoopoys) © al. LzL1 ‘sacy Lz ‘deq | -pey) yw xew Aatpaurg 
‘qo Swjeqezyq ret SOK VU Hep YO uew ‘nep y audvyoo sewoyy ‘sudeyory sours. g—-Aatpoutg Arey = y19qoy 
{ie SST eR ee = = fies a] Est) —! 
ot ari r 
=e LLL1 ‘qo 


1941 ‘ioquiaaoN II ‘qo : zggI ‘You 
Z1 utog (‘SHON ‘09 UI “[[esIAy jo ‘wreypady 
jo Ayrurey ay} Jo) ‘ureypaany ayn] ‘zidr Judy 
bz uopuods yw patuew : “LI ‘qag tz ‘qo 
SQggI ‘AON gz ‘deq 2 ‘AON S$ UIOq “eget 
ooL1 ‘ew  pating : Lggi ‘Krenuef g pareu : (uapsap 
“peyd jo eudeyor siouvsry jo uos) ‘ukeyo> unueluag 


io ual y—_ paw 


1z ‘qo : Aquaq 


ogl1 ‘kv 1 ‘qo £ £691 ‘gz 
youeyy ‘deq ‘oudeyos siouviy 
OP OG) 


f uojysapayag jo ‘Kaypaurg yoqoy 

petueut : ter qo f Soli us0q barb: 
ZQQ1 U.L0q uojsataya jo 

uvukypeg Arepy=EAoq gory Wel AN 


bgori ‘aunf or paring 


09 ‘uO}seaI 
Jaqysnep 


oo 


A 
Short Treatife 


of Hunting: 
Compyled for the delight of Noble 


men and Gentlemen, by Sir Thomas 


Cockaine, Knight. 
key 


Imprinted at London by Thomas Orwin 
Jor Thomas Woodcocke, dwelling in Paules 
Churchyard at the signe of the 
black Beare. 1591. 


To the Right Honorable and my singular good Lord the 
Earle of Shrewsburie: Sir Thomas Cockaine Knight, 
wisheth increase of all honorable vertues. 


2A UING (right Honorable) at the instance of diuers my espectall good 
eg) ) Sriends, penned this short Pamphlet of my owne experience in hunting. 


And entring into consideration how greatly I am bounden to the 
Nobilitie of this land ; Reason challenged a speciall affection in me to preferre 
the patronage thereof to your honorable Lordship before any other, as well in 
respect I had the originall of my said experience under your most noble Grand- 
Sather (whose Seruant I was in my yonger yeares, and brought up in his house) 
as also in regard thut [ haue receaued many extraordinary favours, both from 
your said most noble Grandfather, from my honourable good Lord, your father, 
and lastly, and most especially from your selfe (my good Lord) ; who knowing 
me a professed Hunter, and not a scholler, I make no doubt but your Lordshippe 
wil affoord my plainnes herein your fauorable liking. And so (my good Lord) 
wishing you as honorable successe in all your vertuous actions as your Lordshippe 
can desire or imagine ; I humblie take my leaue of your Lordship. From my 
house neere Ashborne this last of December, 1590. 


Your honorable Lordships many waies so bounden : 


THOMAS COCKAINE. 


To the Gentlemen Readers. 


3)T hath bin long receiued for a truth, that Sir Zyistvam, one of King 
Arthures Knights, was the first writer and (as it were) the founder of 


\ 


¢ 
i the exact knowledge of the honorable and delightful sport of hunting ; 
whose tearmes in Hunting, Hawking, and measures of blowing, I hold to be 
the best and fittest to be used. And these first principles of Sir Zyistram yet 
extant, ioyned with my owne long experience in Hunting for these fiftietwo 


yeares now last past, haue mooued me to write more at large, of hunting the 


To the Gentlemen Readers. 113 


Bucke and other Chases, than Sir 777s¢vam did. And for the first commendation 
of Hunting, I find (Gentlemen) by my owne experience in Hunting, that Hunters 
by their continuall trauaile, painfull labour, often watching, and enduring of 
hunger, of heate, and of cold, are much enabled aboue others to the seruice of 
their Prince and Countrey in the warres, hauing their bodies for the most part 
by reason of their continuall exercise in much better health, than other men have; 
and their minds also by this honest recreation the more fit and the better 
disposed to all other good exercises. And for proofe hereof, I cannot giue you 
a better instance than that most noble Gentleman the Earle of Cumberland 
now liuing ; who by reason that hee hath vsed hunting with hounds euen from 
his youth hetherto, is not onely in skill of hunting equall with any Gentleman 
in England: but for all abilities of his bodie (which doo awaite vpon many 
great gifts of the mind) as fit to be a noble Souldier for his countrey, or rather 
a most notable Generall for any Army whatsoeuer either by Sea or Land, as 
any man is in Europe of his calling whatsoeuer. And here I canot but 
remeber, that once being on a huting iourney with that most honorable 
Gentlema Ambrose the late Earle of Warwicke, and now deceased; I heard 
him say before diuers Noble men and Gentlemen of great qualitie then in that 
companie ; that amongst all the sorts of men that he had conuersed withall in 
his life, he neuer found any better or more honest companions than Hunters 
and Falkoners. I could here say much more in praise of this notable exercise 
of hunting: by which in many other Countries men haue been and yet are 
often deliuered from the rauine and spoile of many wild beasts; as namely of 
Lyons, of Beares, of Woolues, and of other such beasts of pray ; and here in 
England from the hurt of Foxes and of other rauenous vermine. But the 
disport being of it selfe sufficiently commendable and able to say for it self, 
against all the carping speaches of the enemies thereof (if any such may be 
found amongst Gentlemen) I hope this labour of mine only taken in hand for 
your delight, shall passe with your most fauourrable censure thereof. And so 
with my praier that both you and I may liue and dye in the Lord, I bid you 
all hartely farewell ; with this caution that this disport of hunting bee vsed by 
you only as a recreation to enable both your bodies and minds thereby to 
better exercises, & not as an occupation to spend therein daies, moneths and 
yeres, to the hinderance of the seruice of God, her Maiestie or your Countrey. 
From my house neere Ashdorne this last of December, 1590. 


Your louing friend, 
Lares 


114 A Discourse on Hunting, 


A short Treatise of Hunting: compyled for the delight of 
Noblemen and Gentlemen, by Sir Thomas Cockaine, 
Knight. 


A very good note for any yong Gentleman, who will breed Hounds 
to hunt the Foxe. 


a 72 Ou must breed fourtéene or fifteen couple of small Kibble hounds, 
“§ lowe and swift, and two couple of Terriars, which you may enter 


in one yeare, by this rule following. 
The order to enter yong Hounds at the Foxe. 


2720U must borowe one couple of old Foxe hounds of some Gentleman 
y or Yoman, who vseth to hunt the Foxe : and when your Hounds bee 
full twelve moneth and a quarter olde, and that your Huntsman hath 
chastized them surely from sheepe, then may you take your seruants with you, 
and goe to some Couert, where you heare there is a litter of Foxe Cubbes ; 
where stopping all the holes, sauing two or three, which must be set with 
Foxe pursenets, to take a yong Cubbe, to make your Terriars withall. Then 
must you cast off your couple of old Hounds to finde the Cubs, which being 
found, you must cast off all your whelpes to them foorth of the couples, and 
foresee that none of them haue hunted either the Hare or Conie before. 


by Sir Thomas Cockaine. 115 


By that time you haue killed half a skore Cubbes in this sorte in seuerall 
Couerts or Woods, and haue taken two or three quicke Cubbes to make your 
Terriars withall, you will finde your Hounds well and perfect. 

This order of entring your whelps should. be begun a fortnight or thrée 
wéekes before Bartholmewday, and continued untill the feast of All Saints. 


The order to be obserued in hunting the Foxe. 


He you haue entred your whelps (as before is said) you must chuse 
out of your fourteene couple two couple to be trailors of an olde 
Foxe and finders of him. ‘The rest of the Hounds must bee kept 

in couples by your seruants, and made so obedient that no Hound shall breake 

_ the couples, or offer to goe away to the finders, untill the Huntsman doe per- 
_ fectly understand that the Hounds he cast off before haue found the Foxe: 
and then may he uncouple all the hounds that he hath to the finders, but two 
couple of the slowest, which must be kept to followe the Huntsman his héeles, 
in great obedience to the man, with one couple of the best Terriars. The 
other couple of your Terriars should bée used to hunt with the rest of the 
hounds. 

The old Foxe being well breathed is so forcible a chase, as euery Huntsman 
his part is to hew him, or backe him into the Couert againe, when hee offereth 
to breake the same, and to hallowe him and helpe the Hounds wheresoeuer he 
can, and to comfort them both with voyce and horne, that all trauailers passing 
that way, may knowe that it isa Foxe that is hunted. ‘ 

And this tast I will give you of the flying of this chase, that the Author 
hereof hath killed a Foxe distant from the Couert where hee was found, 
fouretéen miles aloft the ground with Hounds. 

By that time either Noble man or Gentleman hath hunted two yeares with 
one packe of Hounds, the same will hunt neither Hare nor Conie, nor any 
other chase saue a vermine. 


8 ————————E— 


116 A Discourse on Hunting, 


The order how to make your Terriars. 


ay (20U must make a Trench of seuen yards long, two foote broade within, 
“jf and then make a crosse Trench ouer the same of fiue yards long, and 
® so little crosse Trenches in the same of an ell long so conueyed, that 
one run into another, couer al your Trenches with Clods or Turffes, and leaue 
foure holes open at the ends thereof for ayre. Then put in your Foxe Cub, 
and at the same hole put in one of your Terriars, and when the same hath 
found the Cubbe, you may helpe him with another, and if you finde those too 
weake you may put in the other couple also: but you must make sure that 
your Terriars at the first be well eased and kill the Cubbe. By that time your 
Terriars have kild halfe a dosen Cubbes in this sort in the earth, they will 
fight very boldly : and being thus made will prooue excellent good. But you 
must beware that you fight them not if they bee bitten, till they be whole 
againe. And you must have speciall care in the seeking out a right kinde of 
them : for there is great difference in the breede of your Terriars, and great 
choise to be made of them, both for their hardie fighting and swift running. 


The order how to breede your Hounds for the Hare and other chases. 


ez =e 


MW 


Erein must you bee most carefull in breeding your Hounds both for 
shape and making, and foresée you harken them foorth of such a kinde 
as bee durable, well mouthed, cold nosed, round footed, open bulked, and 
well let downe there, with fine stearnes and small tayles. The Brach and 
Hound being thus well chosen to breede upon, your man must be very carefull 
in the time of the Braches pride that no other dogg come to her but one, and 
he must serue her but three times. 
_A Brach is nine daies entergellying, nine daies full proude, and nine daies in 
drying up : all which time she must bee kept with meate and water very care- 


4 


by Sir Thomas Cockaine. 117 


fully under locke and key in the kennell, and be walked every day half an 
houre abroade in a line, and her kennell shifted euery weeke once. And it 
were yery necessarie before you breed your whelps, that you should see your 
breeding Hounds recouer a chase very farre fled afore, and driue and sticke at 
the marke, and not fling about: and then may you be bold to breede 
foureteene or sixteene couple of whelps that will serue you to hunt foure 
seuerall chases, that is, the fine and cunning Hare, the sweet sented Roe, the 
hot sented Stag, and the dubling Bucke when he groweth wearie. 


How to enter your whelps at the Hare. 


Hen your whelps be full twentie moneths old and a quarter, then 
must you begin to enter them at Michaelmas in manner and forme 


following. 
You must borrowe two or three couple of fine Hariors, such as will hunt a 
Hare cunningly to the seate, and when your Hounds haue found the outgate of 
a Hare from the pasture, and bee of a perfect single gate : then must you haue 
foure men with foure whelps in lines, which haue been a little entred before at 
Conies, and surely chastized from sheepe and other cattell. Such as leade the 
whelps must come in and let the whelps feele the sent in the soile of the old 
Hounds feete that be before them. And all those that leade the whelps must 
still come neere the old Hounds till the Hare be start, and not cast off their 
whelps but use this course a weeke together, and crosse and meete, and let the 
__ whelps alwaies feele the sent in the soile of the olde Hounds feete, and in one 
. weeke being well applied, those whelps will be made to spend their mouthes 
fast in the line, which you may then let loose and take others, and use in the 
same order with them: so that by All Saints day, you shall -haue entred all 
_ your whelps. 

Some doo use to enter their whelps in couples, which manner of entring I 
doo not so well like of as in the lines for two causes. The one, for that they 
will range abroad more at libertie, than if they were led in lines. The other, 
for that being in couples the one will draw forward, the other backward, and 
_ heuer prooue so errant or earnest hunters as the other that bee entered in 
lines: for the Huntsman may helpe the whelpe he hath in the line with 
; putting downe his finger or staffe to the ground, where he seeth the old 
_ Hounds haue taken the sent. 


The order how to hunt the Hare when you haue entred your whelps. 


. 

. ZOU must choose out the plainest ground you can finde neere unto you, 

ae and take with you to the field three Huntsmen, which must obserue 
this order, both to the seate and when the Hare is found. After 

your whelps are all let loose, and haue found their noses, your chiefe Hunts- 


118 A Discourse on Hunting, 


man must followe the hounds straight, and your other two must goe the one 
sixe skore yards wide of the hounds on one side, and the other as farre 
wide on the other side: to the end if any yong hound put out of either side, he 
may bee beaten in againe to the crie. Your Huntsman that followeth straight 
must keepe himselfe eight skore yards behind the hounds at the least, that 
they may haue roome to undoe a double, and he to keepe them from countring: 
and at euery ouer putting off the hounds, or small stop, euery huntsman that 
hath a horne ought to begin his rechace, and before the same bee ended the 
hounds will bee in full chase againe: and so all the time fild either with hunt- 
ing or blowing. But if the fault growe so great that none of the Huntsmen 
can undoe it with pricking of the high waies, then must they goe on, and cast 
a small round about the place where the Hounds stopped. And if no Hounds 
take it at that cast, then must they cast a greater compasse round about, 
drawing the hounds softly : and if it bee not hit then, the Huntsman should 
blowe a call, that all that be in the field may repayre to him, and beate for the 
squat of the Hare. 

If she be recouered by any Huntsman or hounds, and afterwards take a 
flocke of sheepe, or as the manner of the plaine or filden cauntrey is, take a 
heard of Swine or of beasts, and the Huntsman cast past the foyle, and the 
hounds hit of the sent againe either ouerthwart the fallowes, or upon a cold 
wet moorish ground: then doth it come to cold hunting, so as you shall see 


the hounds pinch by footes and take it one from anothers nose: and you may 


not in anie wise comfort your hounds too much when the sent is so very colde, 
but that one hound may heare another. One Hare kild thus with cold hunt- 
ing, is better kild than twentie in hot chase. If uppon followes the Hare 
fortune to double in rainie weather, you may helpe the hounds much by calling 
them to the stdues end: but you must haue regard that it be newe and not old, 
for so might you doo the hounds great wrong. I was once in the field my selfe 
where I sawe a Gentleman come in by chaunce with a Beagle, at which time 
the hounds were at fault by reason ofa flock of sheepe which were driven 
along the high way where the Hare was gone before: This Beagle took it 
downe the way and cride it : there being ten or twelve couple of good hounds 
in the companie, and not any of their noses seruing them, untill the Beagle had 
brought it from off the foyld ground, and then bid they all fall to hunting, and 
recouer the Hare which was squat, and killed her. 

A good Huntsman ought to blowe the death, and carry with him a peece of 
bread in his sleeue to wet in the bloud of the Hare for the reliefe of his whelps, 
and he ought to be carefull that all his hounds be coupled up, and none going 
loose neither to the field nor home againe: and be sure that meate bee made 
in the morning to feede them withall at euening when they come home. And 
this I know by my owne experience, that the purest and finest feeding is with 
ground Otes put in a tub and scalded with water : which tub being made close 
with a couer, will keep the meate hot till night. 


Te 


by Sir Thomas Cockaine. 119 


I haue my selfe prooued all manner of other feedings, but used this as the 
purest and best, for this fiftie two yeres: during which time I haue hunted the 
Bucke in Summer, and the Hare in Winter, two yeares onely excepted. In 
the one, hauing King Henry the viii. his letters to serue in his warres in Scot- 
land before his maiesties going to Bulleine. And in the other, King Edward 
the vi. his letters to serue under Francis the Earle of Shrewsburie his Graces 
Liutenant to rescue the siege at Haddington : which Towne was then kept by 
that valiant Gentleman Sir James Wilford Knight. God send England many 
such Captaines when it shall haue neede of them. 


Flow to hunt the Roe. 


= 


— 
z 
= 
> 
— 
S 
S 
S 
— 
= 
> 
= 
> 
3 
SS 
=> 


= 5 
S 
Ss 7 
SSS S 
- N 
‘or ~ 
\ ETS S 
\ = NS 
> | ~ 
iS 
R\ p SN 
9 
if 


| 
_ 
n> 


Hen you haue hunted the Hare al winter, and made your hounds very 
perfect, you may at the beginning of March giue ouer the hunting 
thereof, and then begin to hunt the Roe in manner and forme following. 

You must get a Huntsman who hath a good hound wherewith he usually 
findeth the Roe, to find you the Roe bucke: then must you cast off nine or 
ten couple of your hounds, and hunt the Roe bucke three or foure houres, and 
then relieue them with fiue or sixe couple more of your slowest sort. All 
Huntsmen are to helpe any hound that is cast out to relay him in againe, and 
also are to hewe the Roe bucke in both with voyce and horne. And if he haue 
béen hunted with other Huntsmen before, he will prooue to make a strong 
chase, and therefore you may not hunt your hounds past twise a weeke 
at the Roe. 

When your hounds haue kild a Roe, the best man in the companie is to take 
the assay, which he must doo crosse ouer the tewell. Then must the hounds 


120 A Discourse on Hunting, 


be taken away out of sight, a small space distant for troubling the Huntsman, 
who must first slit the legges and cut them off at the first ioynt: then must he 
slit the throte downe the brisket to the nether end, and take the skinne cleane 
of : which done, he must slit his little bellie, taking out the panch with all the 
bloud in the bodie, and lay it uppon the skinne with the foure feete. If any 
towne be neere hand you must send for bread, for the better reliefe of your 
hounds to be broken in the bloud, which being come, your Huntsman must 
let all the hounds foorth of the couples, and hallowe them to the paunch, who 
must be very careful, that if any of his hounds bee missing, he keepe somewhat 
to relieue them withall, and also see diligently that euery hound that be there 
have some reward. 

During all the time of this rewarding your hounds, a long note must be 
blowne by a Huntsman, and then all the rest that have hornes rechace upon it. 
You must also haue one of your companie with a sheet, that so soone as the 
féete of the Roe bee cut off, as aforesaide, he may take the bodie home, which 
will make delicate meate, if your Cooke season it, lard it, and bake it well. 
The sent of the Roe is farre sweeter to hounds than any other chase: the 
reason is, he hath in his forlegge a little hole, whereat when he is hunted 
issueth out all his moysture ; for he sweateth not outwardly as other Deare doo, 
but only runneth foorth at that hole. This chase may you well hunt till 
Whitsontide. 


Flow to hunt the Stagge. 


WHS 
Sea 
C= 


Fter Whitsontide you may hearken where a Stagge lieth, either in 
Couert of Wood, or Corne field, and have him harbored for you : 
whereat bate ten couple of your Hounds, and lay a relay of sixe couple at the 
water you suppose he will goe to: for naturally when a Stagge is hot he desireth 


i 


by Sir Thomas Cockaine. 121 


the water, at which time you are to bate your sixe couple of fresh hounds to 
the wearie, that haue him in the water to breake the bay. The nature of the 
Stagge is to flee up the winde, or side winde, and therfore the hottest and 
most pleasant chase to hunt that is. When you haue killed the Stagge with 
your hounds, the best man in the companie must come in and take the assay, 
which he must begin at the brisket, and drawe his knife straight up betwixt 
the two foreshoulders : then must the Foster or Kéeper of the Wood come in, 
and take out the paunch and bloud, and reward the hounds, striking off the 
Stagges head and giuing it to the Huntsman, which he ought to carrie home 
and relieue his hounds with bread upon it a weeke after. 

I had almost forgotten, that euery Huntsman which hath a horne ought to 
blowe his rechate when he heareth the hounds ; for it is so hot a chase, that 
there is no stops made in his hunting, unlesse he chance to get water farre 
before the hounds, & be gone out againe by some drie colyway: then he per- 
chance may be trailed coldly before he be put from his laire againe. The 
Huntsman must remember to blowe at the death of euery Stagge sixe long 
motes that all those which be cast behind may come in. And after the last 


- mote blowne, then all which haue hornes must blowe altogether their double 


rechates. And so betwixt Whitsontide and Midsomer, which amongst wood- 
men is called fence time, once a weeke you may occupie your hounds in this 
sort, if you can finde game. 


How to order your hounds before you hunt the Bucke. 


Ou must take up at Midsomer ten or eleuen couple of such Hounds as 
you entend to hunt the Bucke withall, and let so many of them bee led 
in lines as you haue Huntsmen to leade them, some one day, some another. 


122 A Discourse on Hunting, 


They must sometimes let them loose, and if they offer to goe away from their 
Keeper, or raunge abroade, he must call them in to him, and make them 
obedient to his voyce, & to come in to him at all times, be he on horsebacke 
or on foote. Your Huntsman must haue a Combe to combe the hounds he 
leadeth, from fleas, and a hairecloth to rub them withall after, to make them 
fine and smooth. You must beware that you offer not to hunt the Bucke 
before the first day of Grasse time: for Fawnes bee so weake, that if your 
Hounds should take the killing of them, you should hardly bereaue them of it. 

A weeke before you entend to hunt, you must feed your yong hounds with 
chippings of bread, upon the top of an old Buckes head. And before you 
hunt the Bucke, you must also breathe your hounds in an evening or morning 
at the Hare: for whoso hunteth unbreathed hounds at the Bucke first in hot 
weather, causeth them to unbolt and surbate greatly. When you enter your 
hounds at the Bucke, keepe them not too hye in flesh till after Bartholmew- 
tide, and then as hye as youcan. The best feeding for Bucke hounds is bread 
and milke : but you must beware of giuing them newe bread, for then will 
they not hunt of two daies after. 


Low to enter your hounds at the Bucke. 


Ou must come into the Parke with ten or twelue couple of hounds loose 

at the stirrop, hauing in your companie halfe a dosen well horsed, with 

long roddes in their hands, shewe the hounds to the heard, and if any offer to 
runne thereat, rate them and beate them in againe to the stirrop. Then goe 
beate the brakes to finde some greater Deare, and if any hound hunt from his 
fellowes, or runne at raskall, take him up in a line, and beating him, say, awe 
ware that. Then leade him to the stirrop againe, and there let him loose 
amongst his fellowes, cherish and giue him bread, in which beating you make 
your hounds so obedient to the voyce of man, that they will at euery worde 
come in to the stirrop. This done, you may begin to tuft for a Bucke, and 
finding him single, especiallie if he rouse foorth of a great brake, put your 
hounds softly upon, for he will fall off at the beginning: which although the 
Huntsman see, yet must he giue libertie to the yong hounds to imprime him 
themselves. And being sure it is his owne Déere, he may giue one gibbet at 
euery imprime, and no more. When your hounds haue forced him that he 


falls to flying single, and the Huntsman spie him in any thick copie or great 


brake, he may say (he thats, he that) once and no more, which is knowledge 
to the other Huntsmen, that he seeth him, and all Huntsmen as the Déere 
groweth wearie, must forbeare to hallowe, for a hallowe doth breake the crie, 
and the wearie Déere at any time making his doubles, and the hounds 4 little 
stopping, all which haue hornes must begin their rechates, which before they 
haue ended, the hounds will haue undone the dubble and bee in full chase 
againe: so that all the time will be fild either with hunting or blowing. 


a a 


a 


Re ne a ee ee ee 


ae 


———or—~<‘; RCtC~*” 


——o 


by Sir Thomas Cockaine. 123 


A good Huntsman at the Bucke must ride fast, to see what his hounds doo 
hunt, he must not hallowe but when the Bucke he hunteth either is in the 
heard, or that some other Buckes of the same yeare be with him. If your 
hounds chance to stop or be at default, and then any huntsman hap to meete 
their hunted Déere single, let him blow a short call that his fellowes next to 
the hounds may draw them towards him on the seate. So that by the hallowe 
the Huntsmen may knowe their wearie Déere is in the heard, and by blowing 
the prime call that he is gone single away. If you hunt a Buck in any Parke, 
and he fortune to leape the pale, then must the Huntsman next to the hounds 
blow three shorts and a rechate uppon it: so by that meanes all the companie 
may knowe that their hunted Déere is gone out of the Parke. 

A good Huntsman must likewise at the first casting off his hounds, take a 
speciall marke of the Bucke he hunteth by his head: for diuers Buckes haue 
sundrie slots in their palmes : some haue slots on both sides: other some are 
plaine palmed without any aduauncers with long spillers out behinde: the 
most Buckes haue some hens pecke mark to knowe them by upon their heads. 

If you hunt a Buck wearie in the beginning of Grasse-time, and your hounds 
chaunce to checke and loose him, it is then somewhat hard for a young Hunts- 
man to knowe him by his head, before it be full Soomned. Yet note this for 
your better experience, when your wearie Déere hath rested and laine awhile, 
if you then fortune to finde him againe, he will keep close up his mouth, as 
though he had not béen imbosted or hunted that day, making a bragge and 
setting up his single ; yet this secret knowledge you must haue to knowe him 
by, he will swell under the throate bigger than an egge, when he closeth his 
mouth : his coate also will stare and frise so uppon him, as you may easely 
knowe him thereby. And if you force him a little with a horse or hound, hee 
will presently lay downe his single, whereby you may easely perceiue his 
weariness. Now, if it chaunce that your hounds doo breake, and one part 
hunt one companie of Déere, and the other part another companie, wherein 
your wearie Déere is, your Huntsman ought so soone as he espieth it to blow 


_ halfe a rechate, that the others may stay the hounds that hunt false, and bring 


them in againe to the wearie Déere, and then the Huntsmans part is to applie 
the hounds well untill they haue singled the wearie Déere againe ; which done, 
they may fauour their horses and let the hounds hunt, which will make a good 
crie till the death of that Bucke. You must be carefull to choose small Parks 
at the first entring of your hounds, and hunt therein morning and evening two 
Bucks a day : and by that time you haue kild halfe a skore Bucks in this order, 
you will find that some of your yong hounds understand a wearie Deere: so 
that then you may hunt in greater and larger Parkes: and towards the latter 
end of the yeare you may venter ouer Chases and Forrests. Keepe this packe 
of hounds, and the next yeare following they will prooue singularlie cunning. 
And if it fortune any of them to prooue euil either by crossing thwarting, or 


124 A Discourse on Hunting, 


running wide, you may take them foorth and put in other yong hounds which 
haue hunted the Hare the winter before: for the best Hariers prooue alwaies 
the best Buck hounds, if they be fléete enough. 

When you hunt in Forrest, Chase or Parke, if the Déere chance to get 
aduantage of your hounds, and become cold fled, then is the best triall of your 
hounds which will hunt him the coldest without checking or hunting any 
other Déere. And if you haue a couple of good hounds that you be sure will 
not chaunge, hunt to those and not to any other: so are you like to recouer 
your wearie Deere. One Deere so kilde, is better than a dosen in hot chase, 
and it will also make your hounds to become trailors of a weary Deere. 


How to hunt the Stagge after the end of Grassetime. 


Hen Grasse time is ended, and that you giue ouer hunting the Bucke, 

then may you for a fortnight after hunt the Stagge. But your Hunts- 

men must be carefull to be in, when he is readie to dye, and houghsnew him 

with their swords, otherwise he will greatly endaunger your hounds his head is 
so hard. 

I was very well acquainted with the hunting hereof both in Parke, Forrest 
and Chase, by the means of those honorable Gentlemen Francis Earle of 
Huntington, and the Marques of Northampton now deceased, who if either of 
them had heard of a Stagge lying in an out wood farre from the Forrest, Chase 
or Parke, whereof he was, would presently repaire with twentie couple of 
hounds to the place where he were harbored, and bee sure to send ten couple 
of the slowest to the relay foure miles off: to which sport for the most part I 
was sent for to await upon them. 

Such Huntsmen as follow this Chase must have especiall regard to the winde 
in their riding, and make sure the keepe, the side winde, or the full winde, 
if they can possiblie get it. So shall they heare most braue cries, and be 
assured to come in to the death of the Stagge. 


Howe to hunt the Otter. 


\ 7 Our huntsman early in the morning before he bring foorth your houndes, 
must goe to the water ; and seeke for the new swaging of an Otter, & 
in the mud or grauell finde out the sealing of his foote, so shall he perceiue 


by Sir Thomas Cockaine. 125 


perfectly whether hee goe up the water or downe: which done, you must take 
your houndes to the place where he lodged the night before; and cast your 
traylors off upon the trayle you thinke best ; keeping your whelps still in the 
couples : for so must they be entred. 

Then must there be on either side of the water two men with Otter speares 
to strike him, if it bee a great water: But if it be a small water you must 
forbeare to strike him, for the better making of your houndes, 

The Otter is chiefly to be hunted with slow houndes great mouthed, which 
to a young man is a verie earnest sporte, he will vent so oft and put up ouer 
water at which time the houndes will spend their mouthes verie lustely : Thus 
may you haue good sport at an Otter two or three houres if you list. 

An Otter sometimes will be trayled a mile or two before he come to the 
holt where he lyeth, and the earnestnes of the sporte beginneth not till he bee 
found, at which time some must runne up the water, some downe to see where 
he vents, and so pursue him with great earnestnes till he bee-kild. But the 
best hunting of him is in a great water when the banke is full, for then he 
cannot haue so great succour in his holes, as when it is at an ebbe: And hee 
maketh the best sporte in a moon-shine night, for then he will runne much ouer 
the land, and not keepe the water as he will in the day. 


Flow to hunte the Marterne. 


Ow wil I make an end with the hunting of the Marterne, which is the 

sweetest vermine that is hunted: for when you cast off your houndes in 

a close that is thick of bushes where a Marterne hath been a birding at night, 

so soone as they light upon the sent, it is so sweete that you will meruaile 

what it is your hounds finde of: for they will so double their mouthes, and 

teare them together, that you would thinke there were more hounds in com- 
panie than your owne. 

And when you haue found her, the crie is meruailous strong, and great for 
halfe an houre : for she will bee alwayes neere you, and runne rounde about 
you in the thickets. When she groweth wearie she will take a tree, from 
whence you must put her, and that if possiblie you can, so secretly as none of 
your hounds espie her, and then will she make you fresh sporte againe for a 
quarter of an houre. You shall haue no such cries at any chase that is hunted : 
because your hounds stoup lowe for the sent and haue the sweete wype of her. 


A speciall note for an olde man or a lame, that loueth hunting, and 
may not wel follow the hounds. 


E must marke how the winde standeth, and euer keepe downe the same, 

or at least the side wind of the houndes. If he once loose the winde 

of the houndes, he is very like to loose the sporte for that daye if it be in the 
plaine or fielden countrey. 


126 A Discourse on Hunting, 


Thus haue I wearied you with reading this pamphlet of my own experience, 
praying you to beare with the rudeness of the same ; for the Author thereof is a 
professed hunter, and not a scholler: and therefore you must not looke to 
haue it decked either with eloquence or Arte. 


Sir Tristrams measures of blowing. 


Irst when you goe into the field, blowe with one winde one short, one 
long, and a longer. 
To blowe to the coupling of the Hounds at the kennell doore, blowe with 
one, one long and three short. 
The second winde one long, one short, and a shorter. 


To blow to the field. 


Lowe with two windes: with the first one short, one long, and two 
short. 
With the second winde, one short, one long, and a longer. 


To blow in the field. 


Ith two windes, the first two short, one long, and two short. 
The second, one short, one long and a longer. 
To uncouple thy hounds in the field : three long notes and with three windes. 


To blow to seeke. 
lls windes: The first a long and a short, the second a long. 


When the Hounds hunt after a game unknowne, blow thus. 
i pige the Veline, one long, and sixe short: The second winde, two short 
and one long. The third winde, one long, and two short. 
To draw from Couert to Couert. 
Hree windes, two short, one long, and two short. The second, one 
long and a short. The third, one long. 
To blow the earthing of the Foxe when he ts couerable. 


| ee notes with foure windes. The reliefe, one long, sixe short. 


by Sir Thomas Cockaine. 127 


To blow if the Foxe be not couerable. 


gle windes, one long and three short. The second winde long. 


To blow the death of the Foxe in Field or Couert. 


Hree notes, with three windes, the rechate upon the same with three 
windes. The first winde, one long and sixe short. The second, one 
short and one long. The third, one long and fiue short. 


The death of the Foxe at thy Lords gate. 


a ° notes, and then the reliefe three times. 

The death of the Bucke, either with Bowe, or Hounds, or 
Greyhounds. 

()* long note. 


The knowledge upon the same. 


ae? short and one long. 


The death of the Bucke with Hounds. 


od long notes and the rechate. 


The prize of an Hart royall. 


Ine notes with three rests.) The Rechate with three winds. The first, 
one long and fiue short. The second one long and one short. The 
third, one long and sixe short. 


To blow the call of the Keepers of any Parke or Forrest. 


Ne short, one long, and a longer. If the keeper answer you, blowe two 
short with one winde, and drawe towards him. And after that blowe 
one short. 


When the game breaketh couert. 


Oure with three winds, and the rechate upon the same. The scent 
when the Hounds can hunt no further with three windes, the first one 
long and sixe short. The second one long and one short : the third one long. 


128 A Discourse on Hunting. 


Where the Foxe is earthed, blowe for the Terriars after 
this manner. 


Ne long and two short : the second winde one long, and two short, 
Note this, for it is the chiefest, and principallest poynt to be noted. 
Euery long conteineth in blowing seauen quauers, one minome and one 
quatter. 
One minome conteineth foure quauers. 
One short conteineth three quauers. 


FINIS. 


SOME NOTES ON THE COKAYNE FAMILY. 129 


The earliest member of the family we can find residing in 
Ashburne is John Cokayne, who seems to have been settled 
here in the 12th century—crca 1150, although it is uncertain 
if he was the first of his family resident in Ashburne; no 
mention is made of them in Domesday, and it is more than 
probable that this John was akin to a family of that name in 
Essex. 

There is a John Cokayne mentioned in the following account 
of the “ Manor of Cokayne ” :— 

‘“The Parish of Alresford was divided into two Manors— 
Alresford Hall and Cokayne.” The Manor of Cokayne took its 
name from its early possessor, John de Cokayne, who in 1279 
had ‘two parts of one messuage, one caracute of arable land, 
20 acres of wood, 20 acres of pasture, and six marks rent ; also 
appurtenances in ‘ Elmestede, Bentleye, and Brumley.” From 
Cokayne (whose ancient wood, now called Cocking’s, _ still 
flourishes) this Manor passed to Benedict de Cokefield, who 
conveyed it in 1332 to Sir John de Sutton, of Wyenhoe Hall. 
His younger son, Sir Richard de Sutton, who died in 1395, 
held Cokayne of the heirs of Sir Thomas Mandeville, in free 
socage by the service of 19d. a year, and left Thomas his heir. 
The last of the Suttons was Margery, daughter of one Sir John, 
and she married John Walton, of Wyenhoe Hall Their grandson, 
Richard, held also the Manor of Stapleford of Sir John Howard, 
by the service of one Knight’s fee, and died in 1408. Joane, 
his sister, who succeeded him, married Sir John Howard, jun., 
who took up his residence at Wyenhoe Hall. Cokayne, as 
well as a reputed Manor called the Lodge, near the Colne, seems 
to have passed to the Martins, and then in the same way to the 
present owners.” * 

Sir Aston Cokayne also mentions an Essex Cokayne who 
lived at Henningham: Castle in that county, in the reign of 
William the Conquerer, to whom he was said to be allied. 


* From ‘“‘The Tendring Hundred in the olden time,” in the ‘‘ Zssex 
Telegraph,” 8 May, 1877. 


Io 


130 SOME NOTES ON THE COKAYNE FAMILY. 


Some account of the family of Cokayne, of Ballidon, Chad- 
desden, and Derby, descendants of the Ashburne family, is 
to be found in the valuable collections of Dr. Pegge, in the 
College of Arms, much of which is given on the authority of 
Mr. Bassano, the eminent antiquary, whose collections are 
embodied in those of Dr. Pegge. The pedigree [No. 1] 
attached hereto, is copied from Pegge. 

“The estate which the Cokaynes had at Ballidon, as is 
brought down by tradition by this family to Francis Cokayne, 
of Derby, was 4500 per annum or thereabouts. Joh. Cokayne 
ob. 7. H. 7. Thos. fil. Thos. fil. predict. John fuit heer. 
Ballidon Manor de Tutbury in soc. Franc. Cokayne 30. H, 8. 
Thos. fil. et hoer. et. 17. Ballidon et Herthull Manor 4600 
acr.: : Franc. Cokayne' 37 Eliz. Edw. fr: et Hor. . The 
estate at Ballidon was some time since joyntly purchased by 
Mr. Nic. Hurt the gr. gr. f. of the now Nic. Hurt, of 
Alderwashlee. The old writings of which estate were in the 
custody of Mr. Roger Hurt of Woodhouse, near Marston, in 
Cubley parish, or in Sr. Paul Jenkinson’s custody. Mr, Plumtree, 
of Nottingham, married the widow of Mr. John Milward, of 
Snitterton.” 

““Cokayne, of Chaddesden, bear ye same arms with Cokayne 
of Ashburne, with a sinister bend ;—ex copia Lib: Visitationis 
per Wm. Flower, an. 1569.”—‘‘ Mr. Bassano.”—* 

* Mrs. Anne Cokayne of Carsington, widow of George 
Cokayne, of Ballidon, deceased, made her will 1 April. 1608. 
To be buried at Bradbourne, where her husband was buried: 
mentions son Francis and his wife, ‘and their son George’ 
and two daughters; son George, his wife and children; her 
daughter Barker, her sons and daughter Mary: John Booth, 
son-in-law, and his wife and two sons. Ralf. Barker, her son-in- 
law, lived at Burton-on-Trent. Francis Cokayne and William 
Booth, grandchildren are executors. She mentions the Arms 
of Lowe.”—“ John Billing, parson of Carsington.” “ From Mr. 
Bassano.” . 


* Pegge’s Collections, vol. 6. + Pegge’s Collections, vol, 6. 


SOME NOTES ON THE COKAYNE FAMILY. 131 


A pedigree [No. 2] is also added, showing some other descend- 
ants of the Chaddesden Cokaynes. It is compiled from manu- 
scripts, extracts from Parish Registers, and records in my own 
possession ; from a pedigree lent to me by Miss A. E. Measham 
(sister to the Rev. Richard Measham, Naval Chaplain, a 
descendant of the family, and from information of my late 
friend, Mrs. Sara Anna Marsh, widow of the Rev. W. Marsh, 
sometime vicar of Ashburton, co. Devon. ‘This lady, who 
died in 1877, was a writer of some power and ability. Of her 
numerous works (all her manuscripts at her death passing into 
my possession) two only were ever published—‘ Chronicles of 
Dartmoor,” in 3 vols., which was a very successful book, and 
particularly interesting as a picture of Devonshire life, manners, 
and customs ; and ** Maidenhood,” also in 3 vols. 


132 


The OW Shambles, Chesterfield. 


; By GEORGE BAILEY. 


the way in which a Butchers’ Market was arranged in 


the middle ages; and although they are gradually 
being taken down to make way for more modern buildings, now 
that they are no longer required, a new market having been 
erected to supersede them, still enough remains, from which a 
very good idea of their original character may be formed. They 
originally occupied four narrow passages, or alleys, intersecting at 
right angles. The central passage runs from east to west, and the 
three others from north to’ south. The three last named are 
parallel with the Market Place, and may be entered from High 
Street or Broad Pavement. The central passage runs from the 
Market Place to Packers’ Row. 

It will be seen from the accompanying sketches that the' 
buildings were constructed almost entirely of strong oaken beams, 
with the intervening spaces filled in with lath and plaster, most of 
which has now fallen out, leaving only the framework ; and that 
they were roofed with thin stone slabs, such as may often be seen 
still in use for roofing cottages in the northern parts of the county, 
where such slabs of stone are easily obtainable. It will also be 
noticed that there is some slight attempt at ornament on the heads 
and at the bases of the oriel windows; and that, in one instance, 
this is carried along in a line with the bases of the windows, 
forming a string course; but that there is not, on any of the 


PLATE VII 


VOL 111. 


Tre OLD SHAMBLES, ChasTEREIELD 


fete! 


THE OLD SHAMBLES, CHESTERFIELD, 133 


buildings now standing, any further attempt at ornamentation ; 
but, on referring to Ford’s ‘* History of Chesterfield,” we find the 
following statement. Speaking of the Shambles, he says :—‘ East 
of Irongate, and parallel to it, is a passage, near the upper end of 
which stands a very ancient building, said to have formerly 
belonged to the Knights Templars. This, as well as the older 
parts of the Shambles, is composed principally of oak, some of 
which is curiously carved, and thought to be of Saxon origin.” 
On visiting Chesterfield, for the purpose of making sketches, and 
examining the buildings, one of the ‘“ Knights of the Cleaver” 
pointed out the building figured (fig. 1) on Plate VII., as being the 
one formerly possessed by the ‘‘ Knights Templars,” and, on 
_ ‘comparing notes,” we found it to be quite correct so far as that 
_ it is the identical building mentioned in the above extract. It is 
situate exactly in the position therein stated; but our disappoint- 
ment was great, to find no traces of the ‘‘ curious carving,” and 
not the slightest appearance of there ever having been any on any 
part of the buildings now left. This particular one is in an 
extremely dilapidated condition, the timber framework being all 
that remains; the lath and plaster, which formerly filled the space 
between the timber, has fallen away; so have most, if not all, the 
roofing slabs. It will be observed, on referring to the plate, that 
there is, in the centre of the upper story, a very pretty oriel 
window, having four lights, and that there is an embattled 
moulding at the head, and also at the base; the whole being 
supported on four plain brackets. 
It is not at all unlikely that these old timbers have been 
Standing in their present form as long since as the r4th century. 
The length of time oak beams will last is very surprising; those of 
which the little church at Greensted, in Essex, was built being, 
undoubtedly, 870 years old, and there is very good reason to 
_ Suppose they may continue for hundreds of years longer. Allowing 
this, still we see no reason whatever to suppose that these 
Shambles are of ‘‘Saxon origin;” there is nothing in the construc- 
_ tion of any of them to support such a supposition. We have been 
e very desirous to find out whether there had ever been any house 


134 THE OLD- SHAMBLES, CHESTERFIELD. 


on which there had been “curious carving,” and,’ on being 
informed that T. P. Wood, Esq., would be most likely to satisfy 
us on the point, we accordingly communicated our wish to him, 
and he writes, ‘‘I very well recollect the old building in the 
Shambles you refer to; it was pulled down some dozen years ago, 
and a music warehouse built upon the site . . . . . There 
was some nice carved old oak about it, and one of the old town 
wells was under it. It was intended to have had it photographed, 
but the photographer came a day too late.” Mr. Wood referred 
us to S. Rollinson, Esq., the architect who designed the new 
building, and he fortunately had in his possession a rough sketch 
he made of the old house before it was removed, and kindly 
placed in our hands the materials from which Plate IX. has been 
made, and from which a very fair idea of its appearance at that 
time may be gathered ; but it is not of so interesting a character, 
as to its architecture, as are the other three ; nor, from the point 
of view from which the sketches were made, can we perceive any 
appearance of the carved work mentioned by Ford. Possibly this 
may have been on that side of the house hidden from the eye of 
the spectator. We, however, doubt very much whether there ever 
was anything in the shape of ‘‘curious carving,’ unless the 
rude embattled work on the windows may be so designated. It is 
just possible that Ford did take it for “Saxon,” this term being 
at one time used to indicate anything ancient We will now 
proceed to describe, more in detail, the drawings in the three 
plates which are attached to these notes. 

The most interesting and picturesque group of buildings now 
remaining is represented on PI. VII. (fig. 2); part of it is still used 
as a dwelling. There are, in the upper story, two oriel windows ; 
that one nearest to the observer has three lights, the other only 
one light in the centre. Both are ornamented ‘in the same way as 
that of which fig. 1 is a sketch, only that they have no moulding 
at the heads, and that at the base is continued as a string course 
from one to the other, thus forming an agreeable break, or relief, 
to the front of the house. We may remark, in passing, that the 
leaden spouts at the heads of the windows of Mr..Gadsby’s house. 


ee Le 


hy Ls * 


i 


i 


PLATE-VIl 
fj, 


The OLD ShaMBLEs, Che sreREIELD. 


THE OLD SHAMBLES, CHESTERFIELD. 135 


in Tenant Stteet, Derby, have the same kind of embattled orna- 
ments as these have, which seems to indicate that both were 
erected during the Plantagenet period. The house of which we 
now write is: covered on the outside with plaster, which entirely 
hides the timber framework of the walls; but, on entering the 
shop, we found plaster between the beams only, and they appear 
to have always been so exposed. ‘There is no flooring between 
that of the shop and the roof, which is open to the rafters and 
tiling, the shop having evidently been used for purposes of 
slaughter, as one of the pulleys is still in its place, the floor, 
doubtless, having been removed to adapt the place to this 
purpose. It is a very long time, too, since the windows were used 
for any other purpose than as ventilators. Over the shops are 
huge penthouses to keep off the rain and snow, and Also to act as 
screens from the sun’s rays; they are wide enough to meet 
together in the centre, and form a covered way, and thus were 
tude foreshadowings of the elegant arcades of the present day. 
Provision is made for carrying off the rain-water and other fluids 
by means of a channel in the centre of the pavement, which is 
made to slope towards it from either side, and, as there is a very 
considerable decline from north to south, no fluids from the shops 
or slaughter-houses would remain stationary. In this respect the 
situation chosen was a fortunate one for the inhabitants, on 
sanitary grounds. 

Another very characteristic cluster of these buildings is repre- 
sented on Plate VIII. ; it will give a very good idea of the quaint 
appearance of the place in its original condition. It is interesting 
as bringing before our modern eyes a portion of the belongings of 
a medizval town, such as can now be seen in but few, if in any 
other town in England at the present time; such, too, as will not 
be very much longer found even in Chesterfield of the crooked 
spire, for steam and increasing facilities have at last begun to 
make their mark on it, and it is joining in the general race. 

The windows are so pretty that we have thought it advisable to 
give sketches of them on a rather increased scale, so that their 
construction may be better understood than they would be from 


136 THE OLD SHAMBLES, CHESTERFIELD. 


the small drawings. It will be unnecessary to add anything 
further to what has already been written on Plate IX. After all, we 
do not appear to have made very much progress as regards the 
ventilation of markets for the sale of butchers’ meat. It is nota 
little singular that we still build them in narrow alleys and 
confined spaces just as objectionable as were those of the 14th 
century. No one on entering one of these markets in any of our 
large towns, but will be conscious, by means of the olfactory nerve, 
of an ancient 14th century odour pervading the atmosphere of the 
market-house; and its cause will soon be discovered, for all round 
the market are small huts, having, oftentimes, no vent whatever— 
except into the central space occupied by florists, old book 
sellers, vendors of lace, dealers in eggs and bacon, cheese and 
butter, oranges and apples. It does seem, as if we ought to 
know that this is a mixture which should not exist in these 
advanced days. A butchers’ market should be confined to those 
gentlemen of the blue robe, and to the commodity they have for 
sale ; and, until this is the case, we have no word to say against 
our respectable ancient friends of the middle ages, for they 
certainly managed these things better, to the full extent of their 
light, as they had ‘‘a place for everything, and everything in its 
place ;” and we might do worse than imitate them in this respect. 


I 


PLATE, Lk 


: " ; “Saons ty 
ey is A LE MAAN 


137 


A Sketch of the Early History of the Printing 
ress in Derbyshire. 


By ALFRED WALLIS, 


Local Member of the Council of the British Archeological Association, Member of 


Council of D. A. and N. H. Society, Member of the William Salt Archeological 
Society, Editor of the Derby Mercury, &c., &c. 


XAT most able and painstaking bibliographer, Arch- 
deacon Cotton, has borne testimony to the great 


difficulty which besets the enquirer into matters 
connected with “the geography of printing.” In his ‘‘ Zyfo- 
graphical Gazetteer,’ he admits that the exact period at which the 
art was introduced into particular towns is often a disputed point, 
and it is highly probable that the conclusions arrived. at in the 
course of the present paper may require future modification as 
fresh facts connected with the subject become known. Only 
those writers who have endeavoured to fix floating tradition, and 
to extract from hear-say evidence valuable items of fact, can fully 


understand the traps and pit-falls which beset the path of one who 


essays to track a custom or an art to its inception. The lapse of 
a century creates, in many instances, a void which can be filled 


up only by dint of levelling a mass. of piled-up errors (the 


accumulations of former historians) ; substituting, in lieu thereof, 
such information as can be extracted from authentic records, 


_and other sources only accessible to honest, hard-working students. 
The force of this observation was felt by the writer when engaged 


138 HISTORY OF THE PRINTING PRESS IN DERBYSHIRE. 


upon a similar sketch to the present, the subject being the rise 
and progress of the manufacture of Pottery and Porcelain in this 
county; and it occurs no less strongly now that the “ Early 
History of the Printing Press in Derbyshire” has been suggested 
to me by the Council as a paper which may possibly prove 
interesting to this Society. 

At first sight, it may be thought that I have somewhat exagge- 
rated the difficulty of tracing the art of printing to its origin in any 
given locality. Books and printed papers are, as people know, 
generally dated, and bear the name and local habitation of the 
printer ; books, as compared with porcelain, are but little liable to 
accidental destruction, and are, indeed, frequently handed down 
from generation to generation with sedulous care. I reply that 
the early productions of local presses were, for the most part, 
ephemeral, consisting of ballads, bill-heads, public notices, and 
such like ‘‘small deer.” Books, properly so called, rarely appear 
until the press has been at work for some time ; and often in this 
wise—a “ mute, inglorious Milton,” fired with ambition, persuaded 
the printer to bring out a volume of ‘Poems,’ or the curate 
compiled some profound “ Reflections.” ‘These, having served as 
traps for subscriptions, fell into the hands of the trunk-maker and 
were seen no more. Stray copies survive, and the diligence of 
collectors is sometimes rewarded by the discovery of such a 
“treasure” in some unexpected spot—a magazine of pipe-lights 
once—a very milestone, now, upon the highway of historical 
enquiry. 

Another class of printed literature includes ‘* chap-books,” 
which lurked at the bottom of the pedlar’s pack, when our grand- 
mothers were young, and “railway libraries” were undreamt of ; 
kitchen romances and children’s toy-books, these, whose very 
popularity ensured their being “thumbed” out of existence, with 
almanacks, calendars, and “ fortune-tellers,” swell the list. How 
important is the part these gvasé astrological works have played in 
the history of civilization can scarcely be conjectured by busy 
people in these high-pressure times ; but this is not to the point. 
Suffice it to say that few such books from local presses have come 


HISTORY OF THE PRINTING PRESS IN DERBYSHIRE. 139 


down to us—the generality of the survivors being undated and 
bearing some such an imprint as “London: Printed for the 
benefit of the Travelling Stationers.” 

Sundry specimens of old printed matter serving to whet 
curiosity, are occasionally to be found amongst the odds-and-ends, 
which accumulate in the cock-loft to a fearful extent, whenever a 
house has been occupied by successive generations of one family. 
Old newspapers have an especial knack of escaping the hand of 
Time, and old school-books are not infrequently cherished as 
memorials of their former possessors. Of the literature of the 
kitchen and the nursery, specimens are few and far between. 

‘The personal research upon which this incomplete sketch has 
been founded has extended over more years than I care to count ; 
but, as will be seen from the foregoing observations, many points 
of importance must necessasily have escaped observation, and the 
outline here given is one which the kindness of friends who possess 
specimens of old Derbyshire printing will, I trust, enable me to 
fill-in at some future time. 

The earliest reference to printed matter which, from its nature, 
one is justified in thinking may have heen “ worked-off” in the 
Borough of Derby, is to be found in a slashing preface to the 
Rev. Henry Cantrell’s Zhe Royal Martyr a True Christian, the 
imprint of which runs thus :— 


“London, Printed for George Afortlock at the 
Phenix, Henry Clements at the Half Moon 
in St Paul’s Chuich-yard; and John Hodges 
Bookfeller in Derby, 1716.” 


The writer, who was the first Vicar of St. Alkmund’s, Derby, 
mentions certain “ Pamphlets which represent the Injuries of the 
Burgesses of Derby,” and a “small treatise consisting chiefly of 
Collections from the Bp. of Sarum’s Sermons, and Bp. of Oxford’s 
Charge, Anno 1710,” by “ Mr. Shaw, a Dissenting Teacher in 
Derby.” If these works emanated from a local press, the date of 
the introduction of printing into Derby must be removed further 
back than 1719, the year which has lately been adopted by 


140 HISTORY OF THE PRINTING PRESS IN DERBYSHIRE. 


bibliographers. As, however, Mr. Cantrell’s book (a small octavo 
of only 62 leaves) was printed in London (although dated 
** Derby : Lady-Day, 1716,”) it is very probable that the resources 
of the Derby archi-typographer, supposing him to have been in 
business then, were unequal to “ book-work.” We must look 
elsewhere, therefore, for a starting-point, and the only trustworthy 
evidence I have as yet been able to discover, is the publication, of 
which the following is a reduced fac-simile of the first-page or 


Vol. I NuMB. Io. 
THE 

DERBY Poft-Man, 
OR A 


Collection of the moft material Occurences, 


Foreign and Domeftick ; 
Together with 


An Account op TRA JIT 


To be continued Weekly. 


Thurfday, February 2. 1720. 


DERBY: Printed by S Hodgkinfon near St. Warburg's Church : 
where Advertifements and Letters of Correfpondents are taken 
in, and all manner of Books Printed [Price Three-half-pence, ] 


: 


he 


HISTORY OF THE PRINTING PRESS IN DERBYSHIRE. I4!I 


This little quarto sheet represents unquestionably, the first 
newspaper published in Derbyshire. ‘The specimen in my own 
collection is the earliest I have been able to meet with; it 
contains neither local news nor advertisements ; but the imprint 
conveys hints of some importance. It is clear that, whatever 
might have been the case in 1715, there was a Derby printer, 
four years later, who, in his own estimation at least, was capable 
of printing “ All manner of Books,” and who subsequently 
did produce some very creditable specimens, such as an edition 
of Houghton’s “ Rava Avis in Terris, The Compleat Miner,” 
in £729. 

At this time, 1719, there were at least two booksellers in 
Derby besides John Hodges, aforesaid. Their names occur 
in the imprint of Zhe Nottingham Mercury, of Thursday, Sept. 
27, 1720 (a small 4to sheet, much like the Derby Post-Man), 
as follows :— 

NOTTINGHAM : 

Printed by J. COLLYER at the Sheep Pens, & Sold 

By Abr. Swain Salter in Bradford; Jofh. Hoyland in Sheffield ; 
Hen. Alleftree and W. Cantrel in Derby; Peter Davie in 
Leicefter ; D, Watfon in Afhbydelazouch; B. Earnworth in 
Newark ; T. Dixon in Mansfield; Mrs. Singleton in Redford ; 
S. Gunter in Chefterfield, and Wid. Carver in Melton: Where 
Advertifements are taken in at Two Shillings each. 


Henry Allestree, whose place of business was at the Market 
Head, was one of a distinguished Derby family of that name ; 
he was probably a son of William Allestree, formerly Recorder 
of the borough. We find ‘“ William Cantrell, Book-seller in 
Derby” publishing the first edition of Anthony Blackwall’s 
Introduction to the Classics, printed at London, 1717; his name 
appears again upon the title page of the fourth edition of 
that work in 1728, and of the same author’s Mew Latin 
Grammar. It is not unlikely that he was brother of the Rev. 
Thomas Cantrell, Head Master of Derby School, Lecturer at All 
Hallows, and Vicar of Elvaston, who, dying in 1699,was succeeded 
by the Rey. Anthony Blackwall in all those offices, and in even 


\ 


142 HISTORY OF THE PRINTING PRESS IN DERBYSHIRE. 


more tender relations, for Blackwall married his predecessor’s 


widow also! At the upper end of Sadler Gate, another book-- 
seller, Jeremiah Roe, had a shop where he seems to have. 


combined the sale of books and quack medicines. This was his 


ADVERTISEMENT. 
By Jeremiah Roe, near the Market-Head in 
Derby, ave Sold as cheap as in London, 


A LL Sorts of Bibles, Common-Prayers, and all other Soits of 
Books ; also the beft Writing Paper from /Zolland with Shop 


Books, Pocket Books, and all other forts of Stationary Wares. He 
also fells the true Original DAFFY’s ELIXIR, and STOUGH- 
TONS ELIXIR. Gentlemen by fending their Orders to him for 


Books {hall have them expeditioufly answer’d. He also buys Lidvaries, 


or Parcels of old Books. 


In 1727, Mr. Cantrell’s stock of books was advertised ‘to be 
sold by Auction at Mr. Crompton’s Hall, in the market place 
in Derby.” ‘This Hall formed a portion of the Piazzas, removed 
when Rotten Row was finally obliterated, and the Iron-gate 
“widened,” under the late Mr. Alderman Roe’s auspices. It is 
thus described in Woolley’s MS., 1712 :— 


‘*Over against it (The Guildhall) stands a good handsome Hall, erected by 
Mr. Crompton, part on the Butchery on the West Side of the place, and part 
on pillars where the Market people that sell butter eggs and poultry stand, and 
behind it, part of the Rotten Row. It is said he built this Hall with a design 
to make an exchange with the Corporation for theirs: at present it is only 
used by some button makers that work in it.” 


The career of the Derby Post-Man was erratic. It seems to 
have been published in various shapes and sizes, and at uncertain’ 
dates. It was rechristened “ The British Spy: or Derby Post- 
Man,” No. 1 of which appeared, still with the imprint of J. 
Hodgkinson (then living in Sadler Gate), on May 31st, 1726.* 
The size of the sheet and capacity of the forme then became 
larger, but there was no difference in the quality of the information, 


* Timperley, (History of Printing, p. 638) dates the establishment of this 
paper in 1727, and Mr. Jewitt (Guide to the Bor ough of Derby, p. 68), in 1726, 
Both were quite unaware of the previous issue of the Derb by Post-Man in 1719, 
indeed I believe the fact is now stated for the first time. 


: ri, 


HISTORY OF THE PRINTING PRESS IN DERBYSHIRE. 143 


which was chiefly made-up, as before, from the London diurnals. 
Some odd numbers are before me, from which it is plain that no 
dependence can be placed upon the numbering—the issue of 
March ‘21st, 1727, being marked “‘ Vol. 1. Numb. XLII,” whilst 
that of September 14th, in the same year, is identified as ‘* Vol. 1. 
Numb. XXII,” and the series is then carried on until a copy appears 
dated ‘Thursday October 3—26, 1728, Vol 1. Numb. LXX.” 
The sheet was enlarged again in 1727, and the number for April 
6th in that year has a small woodcut on either side of the heading 
—a postman mounted, and blowing his horn on the left, and a 
rudely-drawn ship of war on the right. These distinctions dis- 
appear on September 28th, when the following notice is printed :— 


GENTLEMEN 
Y accompts ftanding very irregular, by the different Entries 
of Customers for this NEWS: I humbly propofe to 
methodize the fame, by beginning the Michaelmas Quarter with all 
of them together ; and therefore defire they will be pleased to pay off 
the Arrears for such Papers only as they have had fince they paid their 
laft Quarteridge, with which each will be charg’d for no more than 
they have receiy’d, and the Perfon that deliver’d them out will wait 
on them to Morrow, for Receipt of such Payment, &c. 
Yours, &c., 
S. Hodgkinfon. 
The imprint follows thus :— 
| Sh Printed and fuld by 8. Hodgkinson ; and are likewife to be 
had of H. Alleftree, Bookfeller, at the Market Head ; Jer. Roe, 
at the upper end of Sadler Gate in Derby aforefaid; J. Collyer, 
Bookfeller in Nottingham ; by whom Gentlemen or others may 
be furnifh’d with any of the Books or Pamphlets inferted Weekly 
in this or other Newfpapers as often as publifhed in London; or 
have Books neatly bound, gilt, and letter’d on the Back, at reafon- 
able Rates. Sold alfo by W. Turner in Burton upon Trent, 
David Watfon in Afhby-de-la-Zouch, Richard Smith in Afhburn, 
William Holt at Wirkfwoith, and William Walker in Uttoxeter ; 
at all which Places Advertifements are taken in, &c. 
(Price 2d or 2s per Quarter.) 


144 HISTORY OF THE PRINTING PRESS IN DERBYSHIRE. 


The printer of the British Spy or Derby FPost-Man espoused 
the cause of Dr. Michael Hutchinson in the disputes between the 
latter and the Corporation of Derby, concerning the rebuilding of 
All Saints’ Church; and on the 13th of July, 1727, he thus 
apologises :— 

**To the Reader. The non-publication of this paper, last week, being 
entirely owing to accident, which at one time or other affects mankind in 
general, ’tis humbly hoped the omission may be found pardonable; the 
rather since loss sustain’d thereby (not altogether inconsiderable) is greatly 
augmented by the unfortunate risque of displeasing worthy customers, on 
the continuance of whose favours the towering hopes of a thriving infant 
were in a manner absolutely founded.” 


After the expenditure of much mysterious indignation against 
his enemies (hinting at “ dark insinuations in private,” and ‘ black 
attempts ” to injure him), he adds :— 


‘¢T must own that a Pr—b—d and a Journeyman Printer are very unequal 
combatants ; tho’ the odds lies not altogether in the Title, for I once knew a 
Mr. of Arts to have his head broke in a duel with a poor Cobler ; yet it may 
fare quite otherwise on my side, All I hope for is fair play.” 


The expression, “ journeyman printer,” is rather curiously used 
in the above passage; if taken in the modern acceptation it 
indicates that Hodgkinson was “not his own master;” but of 
this nothing is now known. The latest copy of this series of papers 
in the late Mr. Robert Ward’s collection bore date April 15th, 
1731, and the Derby fost-Man probably expired in that year. 
The remains of this series are now in the Derby Free Library, 
having been bought by Mr. Jewitt (at the sale of the late Mr. 
Robert Ward’s effects in November, 1855), for £2 15s. od. Mr. 
Jewitt sold his Derbyshire Collections entire to the Duke of 
Devonshire, who has generously presented them to the Borough of 
Derby. We have seen a MS. collation of this volume (made prior 
to the first change of ownership,) which states that it included 33 
parts of the British Spy or Derby Post-Man ; that the first paper 
in the collection is dated ‘‘ January 11th, 1727 ;” and the last, 
“ April r5th, 1731.” At present, there are 19 Nos. only, the first 
of which bears date “ March 7th, 1727;” and the last,“ December 


HISTORY OF THE PRINTING PRESS IN DERBYSHIRE. 145 


24th, 1730,” the deficiencies between these two dates being very 
considerable. As it is very improbable that so extensive a series 
of this rare journal will ever again be accumulated, these facts 
are worth recording here. 

Mr. Samuel Hodgkinson now disappears, and ‘Mr. Samuel 
Drewry comes upon the scene as projector of Zhe Derby Mercury, 
a newspaper which subsequently proved its great vitality by 
successfully holding its own against the attacks of all competitors 
down to the present day. The first number was published on 
Thursday, March 23, 1732. The following is a reduced copy of 
the heading :— 


‘The Derby Mercury, 


Tuurspay, March 23. 1732. To be continu’d Weekly 


Humpty Inscris’p To THE 


GENTLEMEN, TRADESMEN, and OTHERS, of the 


Borough of DERBY, 


nd to all OTHERS who are willing to encourage this UNDERTAKING 


This Specimen of a WEEKLY NEws-PaPER is most Humbly Presented. 


The address which follows states that the printer, being en- 
couraged by the solicitations and promises of several persons, 
is now determined to print a weekly newspaper under the title of 
THE DERBY MERCURY, as above, and here presents his 
_ readers with the first paper “‘ Gratis by way of Specimen ;” and 


concludes thus: ‘‘N.B.—This Paper will be publish’d every 
II 


146 HISTORY OF THE PRINTING PRESS IN DERBYSHIRE. 


Thursday Evening and immediately sent to the Houses of every 
Subscriber.” The imprint commences 


DERBY : Printed by Sam. DREWRY in the Market Place: 


and goes on to say that the paper may be had of Mr. Henry 
Allestree and Mr. Jer. Roe; and at Burton, Uttoxeter, Ashborne, 
Ashby-de-la-Zouch and Wirksworth. There are two advertise- 
ments in this preliminary number ; one setting forth the value of 
certain quack medicines sold by Mr. Jer. Roe; the other is worth 
reprinting. 

‘““Whereas the Want of a more speedy Dispatch of LETTERS betwixt 
NOTTINGHAM and DERBY hath been found very inconvenient to the Inhabi- 
tants, not only of Derby, but also of Ashborne, Wirksworth, Burton, and the 
adjacent Places, This is therefore to give Notice, that JAMES HOLMES at the 
Request of the Gentlemen and Tradesmen of the Places aforemention’d, will 
for the future set out from the three Swans in DERBY, Sundays and Thursdays 
about Nine of the clock in the Morning, and put up at the Post-House at 
NorrincHAM, from thence he will return about Four in the Afternoon the same — 
Days for Derby, by whom Le¢¢ers and small Parce/s will be carried with Care 
and at a reasonable Price, and it is desir’d they may be directed to come by 
the said James Holmes. N.B. Letters and Parcels will be taken in any Day 
of the Week at the above-mentioned Places.” 


The succeeding number appeared on March 30th; it is denoted 
“Vou. I, Nuns. I.” ; the head-line is in the same plain Roman 
type, and it has a woodcut initial (pierced for the insertion of a 
metal letter) representing a mounted postman blowing his horn. 
The heading of No. 3 (which appeared April 13th, 1732), isa wood- 
cut 7 inches wide, by 24 inches deep, entitled “ The East Prospect 
of Derby.” The top left-hand corner has a ‘‘ canton” with the 
“Town Arms” ; on the right is a similar view of the ‘“‘ New Town © 
Hall.” This illustration, which is signed ‘‘ WPennock Sculp.,” is 
evidently a faithful picture of old Derby ; but it would be foreign 
to the purpose of this paper were we to comment fully on it now. — 
It is remarkable that the first instalment of news in the specimen 
paper is headed “ From the Republic of Letters,” being a column 
of literary announcements and notices of new books, a feature 
which even now distinguishes the Derby Mercury. Of the local 


HISTORY OF THE PRINTING PRESS IN DERBYSHIRE. 147 


news, which forms so important an item in the provincial news- 
papers of to-day, there is but little to be found in these old 
journals. The communities for whose edification they were printed, 
were small and closely drawn together by ties of business, or 
“ consanguinity : everybody knew his neighbour’s business, and no 
energetic reporter was needed to put into print the gossip which was 
current in everybody’s mouth. The advertisements, too, are few 
and far between, partly for the same reason ; and, principally, 
because advertising in those days was an expensive luxury, upon 
which the Chancellor of the Exchequer had laid a heavy hand. 
The difficulties under which our old printers laboured. were 
numerous ; the following is a very curious, but perfectly genuine, 
complaint, which can hardly be understood in these days of free 
libraries and news-rooms. It occurs in No. 27 of the 1st volume 
of the Derby Mercury. 


«** * T would now remind my Readers of a Practice that too often prevails 
amongst some of them, very much to my Prejudice, which is the lending of 
this Paper from one Neighbour to another, whereby my Custom is undoubtedly 
diminish’d and if this Practice is encourag’d it cannot be expected this Paper 
can be continued, considering the great Charges I am Weekly at ; therefore 
hope my Readers instead thereof will promote and encourage it all they can. 
Another and worse Practice than the beforemention’d is, the letting out to hire 
this Paper for a Half-penny and returning them again to the Retailer, which 
is neither fair nor honourable, and therefore hope it will be for the future 
; discontinued.” 


2 Up to this time, I can discover no books of any import- 
ance to have emanated from Sam. Drewry’s press. It was his 
practice to issue broad sheets containing “ dying speeches” of 
condemned criminals; and the reports of executions in the 
z Mercury often state that the culprit “delivered a paper, with 
his confession, to the printer, authorising him to print it and 
none other!” This was “killing two birds with one stone,” in 
2 thoroughly practical manner! In April, 1733, we read that 


for printing by subscription, A Summary of the Bible, &c. 
The Second Edition. The Price to Subscribers will be One 


148 HISTORY OF THE PRINTING PRESS IN DERBYSHIRE. 


Guinea for six Books in Quires, one half to be paid in Hand, 
the other on Delivery. No fewer than six to be subscribed 
for. The Author proposes to give one Book in Sheets to 
every Subscriber.” This appears to be the earliest reference 
to a practice which prevails as between publishers and the 
retail trade, in which 13 books count as 12. 

Mr. Shaw was probably the Calvinist Minister so severely 
handled by the Rev. Henry Cantrell, in the preface to his 
** Royal Martyr,” 1716, but I have no further knowledge of 
the book. The earliest production of this press (other than 
the newspaper, broadsheets, &c., hitherto noticed) that I have 
seen, has been lent to me by Mr. Cooling, jun.; it is entitled 


An | ACCOUNT | of the BEGINNING and EREcTION, | of the DucHy 
and County PALANTINE of | LANCASTER, | and of the AppiTIONs made 
thereunto: | and of the Honours, RovYALTIE’s PRIvI- | LEDGES, and 
EXEMPTIONS, which have been Granted and Confirmed, unto | JOHN 
Duke of LANCASTER. | (called JouN of Gaunt) | And also unto 
all the Officers, Tenants, and Residents | therein and throughout all the 
Duchy Possessions. | And also of the Honor of TuTsury: and how, | 
and to whom, the Right of Inheritance of and in the | Offices of Feodary 
and Bailiff, Escheator, Clerk of the | Market, and Coroner, doth belong, 
and hath been | executed therein. | Proper to be known to all such who 
have any Estates, or | Interests in the said Premisses, | DerBy : Printed 
by Sam. Drewry, 1735- 


It is a quarto pamphlet of eight leaves, and is printed on 
the paper and type used for the Derby Mercury of that period. 
The matter contained therein has only been superficially used 
by the late Sir Oswald Mosley, in his valuable story of 
Tutbury, and I should like to see it reprinted. 

As years passed on, the success of Zhe Derby Mercury induced 
competition, and in 1738, Zhe Derbyshire Journal appeared, 
drawing from the printer of the J@ercury, on June 22nd of that 
year, the following caution :— 


“As to the Derbyshire Journal, as ’tis call’d, the Readers are only 
desir’'d to compare what is publish’d in it on Wednesday with Zhe Derby 
Mercury publish’d five days before it, and they will be convine’d how — 


HISTORY OF THE PRINTING PRESS IN DERBYSHIRE. 149 


ridiculous was the Boast in the Advertisement that the Derbyshire Journac 
. would contain more than any Country Journal. Nay, that these Advices 
would be fresher and more Authentick.” 


| I have never yet been able to catch sight of a copy of this 
: ‘newspaper, and the only knowledge I have of its existence is 
due to the above paragraph ; this being the first time it has been 
: mentioned by any writer on the bibliography of printing. 
| It probably soon died a natural death. It revived, however, 
some years later as “ Harrison's Derby Journal,” the first 
: number of which bears the date of August 2d 1776. 

This was printed and published by James Harrison, Rotten 
Row, Derby, a brother of the celebrated vocalist of the same name. 
In November, 1776, the title was changed to Harrison's Derby 
& Nottingham Journal or Midland Advertiser. A mutilated 
copy before me is dated “March 14th, 1778, vol. ii., No. 
xciv.”” The price is declared to be “only Two-pence Half- 
penny,” and ‘Ready money is expected with Advertise- 
ments.” A list of booksellers follows :—Messrs. Trimer, Roome, 
Sanders and Almond, Booksellers, Derby ; Mr. Calton, Chester- 
field; Mr. Richards, and Mr. Walker, Ashborne; Mr. Hitch, 
Winster; and it is added that ‘ Advertisements are taken 
in by the above Persons (with Ready-Money), short ones at 


3s. 6d. each; larger in proportion—Letters are requested to 
be sent Post-paid.” There is very little local news in 
_ the columns. Mr. Christopher Heath (the Derbyshire banker, and 
_owner of the Cock-pit Hill Pot Works) was robbed, by a single 
highwayman, on the London Road, a few miles out of Derby, 
of about seven guineas; Mr. Wm. Etches, farmer, of Sturson, 
near Ashborne, had found the body of a murdered child 
tied up in a bag on the foot road; and her Grace, the 
Duchess of Devonshire, having been to see the Derby Militia 
reviewed had presented ten guineas to the regiment. There 
are ten advertisements, one of which announces the approach- 
_ing meeting of ‘‘ The True Blue Club.” This publication ceased 
altogether about the beginning of the year 1781, on the 
failure of the proprietor. The next paper was Zhe Derby Herald 


150 HISTORY OF THE PRINTING PRESS IN DERBYSHIRE. 


or Derby, Nottingham, & Leicester Advertiser, No. 1, being 
dated January 2d, 1792 (not 1791, as stated by Timperley), 
printed by Charles Sambroke Ordoyno, whose printing-office 
was in King Street, Derby. It was supported by what was 
then called “ The Jacobin party,” and advocated revolutionary 
principles in opposition to the Derby Mercury, then, and aiways, 
the staunch upholder of ‘* Church and State.” The publisher, 
however, was a ‘‘ Nottingham man,” a distinction which did 
not serve him in Derby (there never was ‘‘ much friendship lost ” 
between the people of the two towns !), and if he loved republi- 
canism well, he loved ale better, and so his speculation fell 
through. In about three months the Derby Herald disappeared, 
and Ordoyno returned to the occupation of a jobbing printer 


at Nottingham. His end was melancholy ; on November 17th, 


1826, he left his office about ten o’clock at night, wearing 
the paper cap which is the printers’ badge, and carrying with him 
in one hand two jugs for ale, and in the other, money to pay for 
it. Before going many yards from his door, one Wilford, a 
butcher, came hastily out of the public-house, and Ordoyno, going 
as hastily into it, their foreheads met, and the poor printer’s skull 
proved unequal to the match, for he fell insensible and died next 
morning from the effects of a ruptured vessel in the brain. 

Samuel Drewry printed several poll-books, some of which 
are in the Devonshire collection in the Derby Free Library. 
One in my own possession is entitled :— 


A true Copy of a| ROLL | of the | BURGESSES | Of the BorouGu of 
Derby | Taken at the said Borough on Saturday, the | 6th and Monday 
the 8th Days of March | 1741 in the exact Order they voted. | BEFORE | 
SAMUEL Fox, Esq.; Mayor. | For the electing a MEMBER to serve | in 
Parliament in the room of the Lord JAMES CAVENDISH. | 

CANDIpATES, | The Right Honourable | W1LL1aAmM Lord Visct. DUNCAN- 
NON. | GERMAN POLE, of RADBORNE, Esq; | with an ALPHABETICAL INDEX 
for the | readier finding any Person’s Name. | 


Publish’d with the Approbation and Consent of the | Mayor of the said 
BoroucuH; 


DERBY: Printed by Sam. Drewry in the| Market Place, 1741. 
{ Price Sixpence.| 


: 


HISTORY OF THE PRINTING PRESS IN DERBYSHIRE. 151 


From this list we learn that the Drewrys were not enrolled 
Burgesses, their names not appearing upon the roll. The following 
names occur: Samuel Fox, Samuel Trimer, Jeremiah Roe, and 
John Sanders, booksellers, and John Wheeldon, printer. The 
latter was probably a journeyman of Drewry’s, as his name does 
not occur on any printed matter yet inspected. 

Samuel Drewry died in 1769. ‘The event is thus recorded in 
the Derby Mercury of August 11th. 


‘* Early on Monday morning last died, much lamented by his friends, Mr. 
Samuel Drewry, upwards of 38 years Printer of this Paper. The Business 
will be carried on as usual at the same place by his nephew, Mr. John Drewry, 
who has had the principal management of it for some years past.” 


Following the custom prevalent at that time, the new proprietor 
prefixed his name to the heading of the journal thus—‘‘ Drewry’s 
Derby Mercury ;” and his personal care in the compilation and 
selection of news became instantly apparent. The books we have 
met with from his press are also distinguished for their accuracy 
and beauty; the “etter” is sharply cut and bold, the ornamenta- 
tion tasteful, and the paper good. For examples we may take the 
following :— 

(1) POEMS | on | SEveraL Occasions | By |W. WOTY | A@inuentur 


atre | Carmine | Cure. Wor. | DerBy:| Printed for the Author, by J. 
Drewry, | M,DCC,LXXx. | Royal Svo. pp. 174. 


The title is within a border, and there are several head and 
tail-pieces, composed of metal “ flowers,’ combined in groups, 
which display great taste and ingenuity. 

[The first, or ‘‘ Kilmarnock,” edition of Burns’ Poems, pub- 
lished six years later, in 1786, is so remarkably like the above 
work in technical details, that I cannot help thinking the Derby 
printer’s work served as a model for John Wilson of Kilmarnock. ] 


(2) A View | oF THE | PRESENT STATE | or | DERBYSHIRE: | 


WITH AN ACCOUNT | OF ITS MOST REMARKABLE | ANTIQUITIES | 


ILLUSTRATED BY | AN ACCURATE MAP AND PLATES. | IN Two 
volumes | By JAMES PILKINGTON. | Derby: Printed and Sold by J. 
Drewry : | Sold also by &c. | M,DCC,LXXXIX. | 2 vols. Demy. 8vo. 


152 HISTORY OF THE PRINTING PRESS IN DERBYSHIRE. q 


For this work the Author was adjudgea a prize of 25 guineas 
by the Society for the Encouragement of Arts ; it was re-issued 
with a new title-page in 1803, and is still held in estimation. 

The last work which he issued was— 


(3) A | MISCELLANEOUS SELECTION | OF | RELIGIOUS AND Morat | 
QUOTATIONS | 1n PROSE AND VERSE, | By SAMUEL DAVENPORT, 
Minister of Horsiey | quot. | DERBY: | PRINTED By J. DREWRY, — 
M,Dcc,xcilI. Demy 8vo. pp. 146. 


There is a list of subscribers to this work numbering nearly 350 
names of the principal inhabitants of the town and county of 
Derby, and the edition probably ran to 500 copies, yet my own is 
the only one I ever recollect seeing. 

This energetic printer died on Sept. 30th, 1794, in the 55th 
year of his age, and was, in turn, succeeded by his nephew, who, 
in the following issue of the Derby Mercury, adopted for the first 
time the title ‘‘ Editor,” which, in our own day, serves to distinguish 
conductors of newspapers and other compilations from the actual 
proprietors and publishers. 


** Derby, October 9th, 1794. 
The Editor of this paper takes the earliest opportunity of respect- 
fully informing the Public, that he has succeeded his late uncle (Mr. Drewry) 


in the business of printing, bookselling, stationery, &c. 
* * * * * 


Signed, John Drewry. 


The staple business carried on from this time, in conjunction 
with the newspaper, seems to have been the publication of chap- 
books* and school-books, many of which are embellished with 
comical cuts. Bewick engraved some of these; a mail-coach, 
the Borough Arms in the heading of the Derby Mercury, and some 
other insignificant blocks used in that newspaper were certainly 
the work of this great artist. 


* Some of these were coarsely humorous, and the printer does not seem to 
have been proud of them, the imprint running ‘‘ London: Printed for the 
Booksellers,” although, comparison with others known to have emanated from 
Drewry’s press, satisfies me that they were printed at Derby. I have several 
copies of Jack Horner, which have never been in circulation, from which the 
name of the printer has been designedly cut away. 


| 


. 


HISTORY OF THE PRINTING PRESS IN DERBYSHIRE. 153 


Our associate, Mr. Cooling, jun. (whose courtesy in ransacking 
for me his unique collection of Derbyshire books I gratefully 
acknowledge) has a large Bible, the title of which runs thus :— 


An| ILLUSTRATION | or tHe | HOLD BIBLE | 


CONTAINING | the Sacred Texts | of the | Old Testament and | THE 
NEW ;| Together with | The Apocrypha | Derby:| Printed by THoMas 
PaGeET Trimer | M.DCC,LXXXVI. 


; This copy has only a frontispiece, but Mr. Cooling has 
collected several loose plates, “ Engrav’d for Trimer’s Family 
Bible.” There are separate titles and leaves of “ Order of the 
| Books, &c.” to the three books; the text begins with Numb. 1, 
on signature B, and ends with Numb. 132, signature M in the 
12th alphabet ; the notes are at the foot, and on blank spaces 
at the end of four books of the Old Testament, a fairly executed 
block of the Arms of the Borough of Derby, in a floriated shield, 
is impressed ; and the block may have been used by the printer 
for the purpose of giving a local “ colour ” to the production. But 
Mr. William Bemrose has referred me to — 


POLITICAL ATTEMPTS | consisting of | An Allegorical Poem in blank 
Verse | entitled | the } SCIENCES | an | ODE to PLEASURE | and | some 
other Pieces. | Derby: | Printed for the Author by T. Trimmer, 1783, | 
and sold by J. Wallis, No. 16, Ludgate St. | London: and all other Book- 
sellers in Town and Country | (Price Two Shillings.) | gto 18 leaves. 


I suppose this printer must be identical with Thomas Paget 
Trimer, but of this my readers must judge for themselves. In 
1784, I find T. P. Trimer’s shop in the Irongate, Derby ; he 
seems to have been chiefly a dealer in music and musical instru- 
ments, and his advertisement makes no reference whatever to 
printing. In 1785, however, this advertisement occurs in the 
Derby Mercury :— 


154 HISTORY OF THE PRINTING PRESS IN DERBYSHIRE. 


TRIMERS FAMILY BIBLE. 

HE Publisher of the above Work wishes to 
express his most grateful Acknowledgements 

to his Subscribers for their Encouragement and Sup- 
port, and informs them that the Whole of the remaining 
Numbers will be published by the 2oth instant; 
he will therefore consider it an additional Obligation 
if they will complete their Books as. early as possible. 


A list of agents in various towns follows. The illustrations 
had previously appeared in an edition of the Bible bearing the 
following imprint :— 


} BIRMINGHAM: 
Printed by /OHN BASKERVILLE, 
MDCCLXIX. 


The floriated Gothic letters on the title-page are the same as in 
Baskerville’s Bible. I have compared Mr. Cooling’s copy with the 
Family Bible of my maternal great-grandfather, John Campion, 
(a ** Baskerville,” of 1769), and am quite certain that the much- 
canvassed ‘‘ Derby Bible” had a Birmingham origin, the copper- 
plate being perfectly unmistakable. 


In the second town of Derbyshire, the Borough of Chesterfield, 
I have found no earlier printed publication than the following :— 


A | PARAPHRASE | oF THE | 38th CHAPTER of 


JOB. | paulo majora canamus. 
VIRG. 


CHESTERFIELD :—Printed by J. BRADLEY, 1778. | 
8 leaves, quarto (Signatures A to D, in twos, pp. 16, including title). 


This, I think, is rare, Dr. Cotton only mentions one copy, 
Lea Wilson’s (Edztions of the Bible or Parts Thereof, 1852, 8vo. 
p. tor). The author is not known to me. Of the printer I 
gather from the WVottingham Journal of November 29th, 1790, 
that about that time “ Mr. Bradley, Printer at Chesterfield, in 
Derbyshire, who is appointed Post-Master of that place, has taken 


HISTORY OF THE PRINTING PRESS IN DERBYSHIRE, 155 


the Oaths and entered upon the Office.” He was also an alder- 
man of the Corporation of Chesterfield, and died in February, 


1798. 
The following tract, although not printed in Chesterfield, is too 
curious to be overlooked. 


«Strange and Terrible News from Chesterfield in Darbyshire: Being A 
full and true Relation of a horrible and terrible Ghost that was visibly seen on 
Sunday the 24th of Jan. 1674. First in the Shape of a Dog, then a Woman, 
and afterwards a Man. Together with the Discovery of some Money that was 
hidden by Him in his Life time. 

Richard Hobbs, Constable. 
James Knit, Constable. 

Joseph Wilson, Church-Warden, 
Mr. Down, Gentleman. 


Attested by 


London : Printed in the Year, 1675. 4to., 4 leaves.” 


I have records of the following extinct newspapers printed in 
Chesterfield :— Zhe Chesterfield Gazette and Scarsdale and High 
Peak Advertiser, a high-class journal which was first published 
on January 6th, 1828, by J. Roberts, of the Post Office. In the 
following year its title was altered to Zhe Derbyshire Courier. 
(2) The Derbyshire Patriot, or Repository of Politics, News, 
Literature, &c., the first number of which appeared on the 4th 
May, 1833, with the imprint of Thomas Ford, Irongate. It con- 
tained twenty pages, 4to, was unstamped, and sold for sixpence. 
Informations under the Stamp Act having been laid against the 
publisher, the paper was discontinued after two numbers only had 
been issued. 

The Belper press does not appear to have been established 
until the beginning of the present century, In 1811, S. Mason 
printed 4 Mew View of Derbyshire, 8vo., for David Peter Davies, 
a Unitarian Minister, living at Makeney. The typography is bad 
and the paper worse ; Lowndes says there were copies on “ fine 
paper.” I have seen copies divided into two volumes, with 


_ separate title-pages, but have never noticed any variation in the 
size or quality of the paper. On July 9th, 1813, appeared the 


first number of Zhe Derbyshire Chronicle, and Universal Weekly 


156 HISTORY OF THE PRINTING PRESS IN DERBYSHIRE. 


Advertiser, edited by the said Mr. Davies, and printed in Belper 
by Mason. It only existed a few months. 

A press is said to have been at work in Castleton in 1760, but 
I have no evidence of this. 

The History of Derbyshire Printing in the eighteenth century 
is here concluded; to carry it further would be an encroach- 
ment upon the space allotted to me; but I hope at some future - 
time, and in another form, to complete this imperfect sketch. 


(Al rights reserved.) 


157 


Some Account of the family of Lowe, of 
Alverwasley and Denby, tw the County 
of Derby, and elsewhere. 


By Major A. E. Lawson Lowe, F.S.A. 


YJHE Lowes of Alderwasley and the 
|) Lowes of Denby, once two of 
the leading families in Derby- 


shire, were of Cheshire origin, and are 
stated to have sprung from two brothers, 
both of whom married Derbyshire _heir- 
esses in the latter part of the fifteenth 
century. 

A number of charters recently * brought to light have done 
much to elucidate the earlier descents of the family, and have 
sufficiently proved that portion of the pedigree which has 
hitherto been looked upon as. obscure if not altogether 
fallacious.t : 


* For much of the information contained in the first portion of this paper 
the writer is indebted to J. P. Earwaker, Esq., F.S.A., the historian of “ East 
Cheshire,” by whom many of the above-mentioned charters were first brought 
to his notice. 

+ An old emblazoned pedigree in the possession of the Hurt family, entitled 
**Stemmata et propagationes antique familie dignissimi viri Edwardi Lowe 
de Alderwasley in Comitatu Darbiz, Armigeri,” commences with Thomas, 
who died in 1415, and was the father of Geoffrey, whose son married the 
eldest co-heiress of Fawne, and settled at Alderwasley. The authority for 
this was evidently unknown to Adam Wolley, the Derbyshire antiquary, who 
added the following note to his copy of the pedigree: ‘‘ These two first 
descents are not proved by any evidences in Mr. Hurt’s possession ;” and it 
is quite clear that no such proof was forthcoming at the time of the Visitations, 
for the pedigrees of the Lowes of Alderwasley, given by the heralds, are not 
carried back beyond Thomas Lowe; who married the co-heiress of Fawne. 


158 SOME ACCOUNT OF THE FAMILY OF LOWE. 


The name is obviously one of local origin. Hew, hlaw, or 
Jow is the Anglo-Saxon word for a small hill, of the use of 
which not a few examples are to be found in Derbyshire and 
elsewhere. About two miles from Congleton there is an ancient 
timbered mansion standing upon a gentle eminence called The 
Lowe,* .which is traditionally recognised as occupying the site 
of the original residence of the family, and as the place from 
whence the surname was derived. There is, however, no 
documentary evidence to connect the family with that place, 
and so early as the latter half of the fourteenth century, the 
Lowes are found to have resided in the neighbourhood of 
Macclesfield. 

The first of the family of whom we have any specific record 
are William del Lowe and Thomas del Lowe, both of Macclesfield, 
and presumably brothers. William del Lowe, who is assumed 
to have been the elder, was living in 1392, when a tenement 
of his in Jordan’s Gate in Macclesfield is referred to in the 
statement of a boundary. He was dead in 1398, when his 
widow, Elena del Lowe, of Bollington (a neighbouring village), 
free from all claims of matrimony, quit-claimed land in 
“le Walle gate” in Macclesfield, which was formerly held by 
Roger le Mulner, her uncle, and which she herself held by the 
gift of Thomas, son of the said Roger. In 1402, Thomas 
del Lowe, son of William del Lowe, of Macclesfield, conceded 
to John de Macclesfield, the elder, clerk, all the lands in 
Macclesfield which he had by the gift of Thomas, son of Roger 
le Mulner. Five years later, this same Thomas del Lowe, 
and Matilda his wife granted certain rents to the said John 
de Macclesfield ; and in July, 1407, they together surrendered 
lands in the Portmote Court of Macclesfield. In 1426, at a 
court of the Mayor of Macclesfield, held there before John de 
Legh, Mayor of that town, on the Friday next before the feast 


* Adam Wolley, speaks of La Lowe, in the chapelry of Witton, as the 
ancient seat of the family, and the statement has been copied by several 
subsequent writers. But there does not appear to have ever been any such 
place, and the family did not settle in that part of Cheshire until after the 
middle of the fifteenth century. 


— 


SOME ACCOUNT OF THE FAMILY OF LOWE. 159 


of St. Chad the Bishop, Thomas del Lowe came into the full 
Court, and there before the said Mayor, John de Dutton, 
Reginald del Downes, Stephen del Rowe, Stephen Blagge, 
John del Lowe, Richard Phelipp, William de Clayton, servant 
of the said Mayor, Vivian Starkey, clerk, and many others who 
were present; and the said Thomas del Lowe, .being duly 
sworn upon the Holy Evangelists, declared that he stood in 
full possession of all the lands, tenements, rents, and services 
in Macclesfield and elsewhere, which had ‘descended to him 
upon the death of William del Lowe, his father, without any 
alienation whatever, excepting the annual rent of two shillings 
from the half burgage lying between the tenement of John de 
Rossyndale on the one side and that of Geoffrey del Lowe on 
the other, which rent the said Thomas del Lowe and Matilda 
his wife had granted to the said Geoffrey del Lowe, as by 
their charter more fully appeared. In 1436, Thomas del Lowe, 
who is obviously identical with the one in question, was 
examined at Macclesfield in the “proof of age’’ of Peter de 
Legh, of Lyme, and is then described as being sixty years of 
age. This would give 1376 as the date of his birth. This 
same Thomas del Lowe occurs as Mayor of Macclesfield, 


1430-1, 1438-9, 1439-40, 1443-4, (?), and 1448-9. Whether 


he left issue is doubtful. William del Lowe, his father, had 
another son, John del Lowe, whose name occurs as a witness 


to several charters, and who has already been referred to as 


one of those persons present at the Manorial Court of the 
Mayor of Macclesfield, in 1426. It appears from the Chester 
Ministers’ Accounts that John del Lowe, the son of William 
del Lowe, was Chamberlain of Middlewich in the first and 
second years of the reign of King Henry IV., and again in 
the two following years. John del Lowe was likewise deputy 
clerk and approver of mills on the river Dee, in 1406, as 
appears from the Cheshire Recognizance Rolls.* 


™ He is perhaps likewise identical with John de Lowe, who was com- 
missioned by Henry, Prince of Wales, as one of the justices of gaol delivery 


for the castle of Chester, on the rst of August, 1406, and again on the 28th 
of September that same year. 


160 SOME ACCOUNT OF THE FAMILY OF LOWE. 


Thomas del Lowe, the elder, from whom the Derbyshire 
families of Lowe derived their descent,* and whom we have 
conjectured to have been the younger brother of William del 
Lowe, occurs as a witness to a charter in 1407, and was the 
father of that Geoffrey del Lowe referred to in the proceedings 
of the Manorial Court of Macclesfield in 1426, already quoted. 
According to an old pedigree, a copy of which is to be found 
amongst the Wolley MSS. in the British Museum,t this Thomas 
del Lowe died at Macclesfield at eleven o’clock at night, on 
the roth of February, 1415. Geoffrey del Lowe, his son and 
heir, is stated on the same authority to have married Margaret, 
daughter of [Sir Peter?] Legh, of Lyme, in the County of 
Chester. This marriage is not given in any of the various 
pedigrees of that family, but there is no particular reason for 
doubting the accuracy of the statement.{ By a charter, dated 
at Macclesfield the Saturday next after the feast of St. Kenelm, 
King and Martyr, in the seventeenth year of the reign of 
King Henry VI. (this would be in July, 1439), John Rossyndale, 
the elder, and John Rossyndale the younger, his son and 
heir, remitted and quit-claimed for ever to Geoffrey del Lowe, 
of Macclesfield, and his heirs, all their claims and title to 
certain lands and tenements of the said Geoffrey del Lowe, 
situated in “le Dedestrete’”’ in the town of Macclesfield. The 
witnesses to this charter were Thomas del Lowe, then Mayor 
of Macclesfield, Stephen del Rowe, Alderman, Roger de 
Falybrome, Thomas Davy, Provost of the said town, Lawrence 
Blagg, and many others. Geoffrey del Lowe is stated to have 
died at Macclesfield on the Monday in the third week of 
Lent, 1451, between the hours of six and seven in the morn- 
ing. His widow survived him for about three years, dying on 


* A pedigree of the Lowes of Alderwasley and Denby, compiled by the 
writer, may be found in “The Reliquary,” vol. 12, plate 34. One or two 
corrections are requisite in the first three generations. 

+ Add. MSS. 6666, p. 137. 

+ She may not improbably have been the daughter of that Sir Peter Legh, 
of Lyme, who fought at Agincourt, where he was created a Knight-Banneret, 
and whose arms are carved upon the tower of Macclesfield Church. If so she 
had been previously married to Nicholas Blundell. 


* SOME ACCOUNT OF THE FAMILY OF LOWE. 161 


the Sunday before the feast of the Annunciation, 1454. They 
appear to have had issue five (if not six) sons, all of whom are 
named in contemporary charters. 

By a charter dated in 1453, certain lands in Pexall (a small 
township about three miles from Macclesfield), were granted by 
John Hough, of Pexall, and Nicholas Hough, of the City of 
Oxford, to Laurence del Lowe, son of Geoffrey del Lowe, of 
Macclesfield, who reconveyed the same to George del Lowe, his 
younger brother. This George, who was living in 1472, as 
appears from a charter of Thomas del Lowe, his brother, which 
will subsequently be referred to, had no male issue, and Margaret, 
his only daughter and heiress, became the wife of William 
Swetenham, of Somerford Booths, in or about the year 1479, and 
carried certain lands in Pexall, Bollington, and Macclesfield, into 
the Swetenham family. According to a fine old emblazoned 
pedigree in Somerford Booths Hall, wherein the arms of Sweten- 
ham appear, impaling Gu/es, two wolves passant argenf—the 
ancient arms of Lowe—this Margaret Swetenham was living a 
widow in 1491. Previous to 1473, the Lowes had quitted 
‘Macclesfield and were seated in the neighbourhood of Northwich, 
__as is seen from a charter, dated September the 1st, in that year, 
whereby William Coton, of the town of Derby, Peter del Lowe, 
_ of Northwyche, John Halyn, “ preste” of Wytton, Thomas del 
‘Lowe, William del Lowe, and Laurence del Lowe, all of the same 
place, testified that they were witnesses to a certain charter 
_ whereby Thomas Whytington, of Belper, in the County of Derby, 
and Margery, his wife, granted a messuagé and seven acres of 
land in that place to John Whytington, their eldest son. As will 
subsequently be shown, the Thomas del Lowe of this charter 
_ became the ancestor of the Lowes of Alderwasley ; Laurence del 
Lowe was ancestor of the Lowes of Denby; and either from 
Peter or William del Lowe sprang what, so far as can be ascer- 
tained, is now the sole existing branch of the family.* 


-* A branch of the family who were descended either from Peter del Lowe 
or his brother William (more probably the latter), continued for some genera- 
tions at Hartford, a township in the immediate vicinity of Northwich. This 
12 


162 SOME ACCOUNT OF THE FAM’LY OF LOWE. # 


elder, were brothers (and the supposition is really immaterial) the 


. 
Assuming that William del Lowe and Thomas del Lowe, the 
earlier descents of the family would be as follows :—- 


Sandee del Lowe= 
| . 
William del Lowe, =Elena, niece of Thomas del Lowe,=...... . 
of Macclesfield; | Roger le Mulner ; of Macclesfield ; 
living 1392 ; dead | a widow in 1398. died in 1415. 


in 1398. | 


| | 
Thomas del Lowe, =Matilda. John del Lowe; Geoffrey del Lowe, = Margaret, 


an Alderman of living in 1407. of Macclesfield ; dau. of - 
Macclesfield ; born died in 1451. Sir Peter 
in 1376; living in Legh, of 

1448-9. | Lyme. 

HR 

Peter. Thomas, azcestor William. Lawrence, ancestor George, 

of the Lowes of of the Lowes of ob. s. p. m. 
Alderwasley. Denby and Locko. 


The above-named Thomas Lowe (for it should be remarked 
that from about this time the family wrote their name simply Lowe 
without the prefix), acquired a considerable estate through his 
marriage with Joane, eldest daughter and co-heiress of Thomas 
Fawne, of Alderwasley, which, according to the old pedigree 
previously quoted, was solemnised on the 23rd of November, 
1471. By their charter, dated on the Monday next after the Feast 
of the Purification, in the eleventh year of King Edward the IV. 
(February, 1472), Thomas Lowe and Joane his wife together 
granted and confirmed to Lawrence Lowe and George Lowe, 
brothers of the said ‘Thomas, and to Humphrey Lowe, Ottiwell 


township is situated in the ancient chapelry of Witton, and within the last 
three centuries at least twenty-five members of this branch of the family have 
been interred in Witton Church, as appears from the registers. Unfortunately, 
that church was re-paved some years since, and not a single inscription to the 
Lowes, or, indeed, any other family, escaped destruction. Robert Lowe, a 
younger son of John Lowe, of Hartford, purchased the impropriate rectory and 
perpetual advowson of Middlewich from Lord Brereton in 1663, and settled at 
Newton Hall, near that place, which is-still in the possession of his descendants — 
in the female line ; whilst from John Lowe, his younger brother, are descended 
the Lowes, of Highfield, in Nottinghamshire, now represented by Edward 
Joseph Lowe, Esq.. J.P., and D.L., of Highfield, and of Shirenewton Hall, 
in the County of Monmouth. Vide Ormerod’s ‘‘ History of Cheshire,” 2nd 
edit., vol. iii, p 182; and Burke’s ‘‘ Landed Gentry,” 6th edit , vol- ii , p. 99%. 


SOME ACCOUNT OF THE FAMILY OF LOWE. 163 


Lowe, and Brian Lowe, sons of the said Lawrence, to Roger 
Hulme, rector of Astbury in Cheshire, and to Geoffrey Davy, 
rector of Swetenham in the same county, to Richard Newton and 
Humphrey Newton his son, Richard Eyton and Laurence 
Eyton his son, and to William Rode and John Lowe, * 
all their lands and tenements in Alderwaslegh and _ else- 
where in the County of Derby, upon trust to certain uses. 
Henry Vernon, Esq., Ralph Sacheverell, Esq., Henry Columbell, 
Esq., James Taylor of Alderwaslegh, Richard Newton and others 
were witnesses to the same. Appended to this charter are two 
imperfect seals of red wax. 

The first of these seems to have borne upon 
it the figure of a wolf, and the Lowes of 
Alderwasley are found to have borne a single 
wolf upon their armorial shield in place of 
the two which appeared upon the ancient 
family coat.t Thomas Fawne, the father of 
Joane Lowe, by his will “ writen at Allerwas- 
legh the tenth day of Januere the yer of the 
reigne of King Edwarde iiij after the Con- 
queste of Englande the xviij",” states that 
“lyinge in godd’s handes and felyng myself 
in perill of dethe and being whole in my 


_* This John Lowe seems to have been a priest, and there is some slight 
‘reason for supposing that he may have been another son of Geoffrey del Lowe, 
of Macclesfield. His name appears in more than one other charter in con- 
junction with other members of the family, but -in no instance is he described 
as a relative. : hal 
_ + Relative to the armorial bearings of the family some difficulty arises. 
The original coat seems to have been: Gules, two wolves passant argent. 
here is reason to believe that the above-named Thomas Lowe, of Alderwas- 
Tey, altered this coat, bearing one wolf only ; and the arms which were allowed 
to the Lowes of Aderwasley by the heralds were: Gu/es, a wolf passant argent. 
‘he descendants of Laurence Lowe, of Denby, bore a distinct coat, namely : 
Azure, a hart trippant argent, which was duly allowed by the heralds ; but 
what was the origin of this coat, or for what reason the Lowes of Denby 
should have assumed arms which bore no resemblance whatever to those borne 
by other branches of the family, are points which yet remain to be determined. 
Nor does the difficulty end here. It has just been seen that the Lowes of 
Alderwasley bore the wolf for their arms, but upon a tomb in Wirksworth 
Church, to Anthony Lowe, of Alderwasley, the son and successor of the 
above-named Thomas Lowe, there is a very peculiar coat of arms, of which 


164 SOME ACCOUNT OF THE FAMILY OF LOWE. 


mynde, saye and take upon my charge as I will answer afore 
god that that gifte and graunte that I made to Thomas Lowe 
and Johanne my eldest daughter of all the lyvelode that I had 
or myght have in Allerwaslegh or Asheleyhay or elleswher 
winne the counte of Derby is gode lawfull and trewe. And 
that I the said Thomas Fawne never knewe that the said lyvelode 
was entayled nauther on the heires male nor generall that I might 
[not] lawfully at the said marriage of my said doght’ Johanne and 
Thomas Lowe giff it and sell it to whomsoev’ me liste, except 
men of relegion and jewes. And also I never made no taylage of 
hit nor no thereof saff only the taylage that was made be me 
the said Thomas Fawne at the mariage of my doght’ Johanne and 
Thomas Lowe.” He further proceeds to ‘‘ charge my doghters 


both Margery and Ellyn on my blessyng that they nev’ make | 


title nor clayme nor cause theire husbandes to clayme the said 
lyvelode nor any part thereof but that they kepe and p’forme the 
bargen the which I made between them and theire eldest suster 
and her husbande and that they luffe and cause theire husbandes 
to luffe and be as breder and susters.” It would seem, however, 
that the apprehensions which it is quite evident Thomas Fawne 
must have entertained were not without cause, for three years 
later Walter Wynter, of Heage, Margery his wife, and Ellen her 


the wolf forms no part. The marshalling of this coat is most remarkable. 
The dexter half of the shield is divided per pale, having on the dexter side two 
coats, that in chief—three roses—being apparently the arms attributed to the 
Rossells of Denby, and that in base—a fesse engrailed charged with three 
mullets between as many crescents—is similar to an unnamed quartering (pro- 
bably Ashborne) allowed to the Lowes of Denby by St. George at the 


Visitation of 1612; whilst on the sinister side, occupying the entire length of — 


the shield, is—a hart trippant—and over all is a label of three points ; the 
sinister half of the shield bears the arms and quarterings of Fogge—a family 
into which Anthony Lowe intermarried. A smaller shield at the end of the 
tomb exhibits three roses, with a label of three points, impaling a blank coat, 
From this (and at least one other example mentioned by Mr. Cox in the 
account which he gives of the old chapel at Alderwasley, in his “‘ Derbyshire 
Churches,” vol. ii., p. 569), it would appear as though Anthony Lowe bore 
what we may venture to conclude are the arms of Rossell, in place of his 
paternal coat. Had he been descended from the heiress of Rossell this would 
only have been another example of what, in somewhat earlier times, was a not 
uncommon practice; but, according to the accepted version of the pedigree, 
Anthony Lowe was not so descended, the heiress of Rossell being stated to 
have married his father’s brother. We have no explanation to offer, nor can 
we hazard a conjecture as to why the stag appears in this solitary instance in 
the armorial shield of the Lowes of Alderwasley. 


ee 


SOME ACCOUNT OF THE FAMILY OF LOWE. 165 


sister, the two younger daughters of Thomas Fawne, regardless of 
their father’s testamentary injunctions and “ blessyng,” and of his 
command to “‘luffe” their eldest and more fortunate sister, Joane, 
and her husband, Thomas Lowe, urged a claim against them for 
an equal share in their father’s lands, upon the plea that those 
lands were ‘‘entayled upon the heyres general.” The case was 
determined at Nottingham on the 1st of April, 1481, when 
Thomas Powtrell appeared as counsel for the claimants, whilst 
Lawrence Lowe, serjeant-at-law, defended the suit for his elder 
brother and his wife. The two younger co-heiresses entirely failed 
to establish their claim, and Thomas Lowe and his posterity have 
continued in undisturbed enjoyment of the Alderwasley estate 
ever since. In 1516, King Henry VIII., by royal letters patent, 
dated November zoth, in the sixth year of his reign, granted to 
this Thomas Lowe, whom he styles his servant, full license to 
impark and impale all his lands and woods at Alderwasley, 
together with a certain close, called “Shyninge Cliffe,” and to 
make a free warren thereof, notwithstanding that any part might 
be within the bounds of the forest of Duffield Frith. Thomas 
Lowe was dead in 1521, but the precise date of his decease has 
not been seen. Joane “lat wyff of Thomas Lowe of Alderwaslegh, 
in the p’ysh of Werksworthe,” by her will dated. August the 18th, 
1531, desires to be interred in the “ roode quiere of Werksworth 
nyght unto the sepulchare of my husband,” and gave the apparently 
not very munificent bequest of fourpence to each of the mother 

churches of Coventry and Lichfield. To her son, Anthony Lowe, 
she gave all the lands which came to her from her father, Thomas 
_Fawne, and charged her eldest son, Sir Avery Lowe, priest “ upon 
his fader’s blessyng and myne that he make’no clayme ne title 
‘ageynste my sayd son Anthony for the sayd lands nor any parcell 
thereof ;”’ and she further charged her sons, Sir Avery Lowe and 
Sir Marke Lowe, priests, that they should urge no claim against 
any of her sons “ except it fortune as god forbid that they or oder 
of them do fall in pov’ty necessytye or gret ned.” To every 
tenant on the estate she gave twelve pence, and “ two shelyngs” 
to each of her household servants. 


166 SOME ACCOUNT OF THE FAMILY OF LOWE. 


Alverdus, or Avery Lowe, the eldest son, having taken holy 
orders, and the second son dying in infancy, the estate devolved 
upon Anthony Lowe, Esq., the third son, who (according to the 
old pedigree which has frequently been quoted) was born at one 
o’clock in the afternoon, on the feast of St. Michael the Arch- 
angel, 1482. He became gentleman of the bed-chamber and 
standard-bearer to King Henry VIL, King Henry VIII., King 
Edward VI., and Queen Mary; and having received a severe 
wound in the head in the royal service, was granted the special 
privilege of remaining covered in the presence of the sovereign. - 
In 1527, he had a grant from the Crown of the manor of Alder- 
wasley and Ashleyhay to be held by him and his heirs by the 
yearly, rent of £26 ros. od., and fealty only for all services. 
Out of this grant arose a noted cause which was argued in 
the Court of Wards, in Trinity term, 7 Jac. I., and which is 
reported by Sir Edward Coke, under the title of ‘‘ Anthony- 
Lowe’s case,” but which need not be further referred to here. 
By his will, dated September the 27th, 1555, and proved in 
the Prerogative Court of Canterbury, November the 6th, 1557, 
he desires to ‘be buryed in the parrish churche of Wyrkes- 
worthe,”’ and devises his manor of Alderwasley and Ashleyhay, 
together with all his other lands to his wife for her life, and 
after her death, to his only son, Edward Lowe and his heirs 
male, or in default of such heirs, to his three daughters, Anne, 
Susan, and Barbara. He gives to his son all “ the rayment that 
belongith to my bodye,” together with ‘‘the horse and sadell 
that I doe ride upon,” and his sword and buckler. Amongst 
other bequests, including that of twelve pence to “the high 
aulter of Wyrkisworth,”’ he gives to each of his three daughters, 
Anne, Susan, and Barbara, “one hundred marcks a peece if 
they wilbe ordered by my wyfe in their mariage, but if they 
will not be ordered then I will they shall have but xx a 
piece.” Anthony Lowe is buried in the chancel at Wirksworth, — 
where there is an altar-tomb bearing his recumbent effigy, in 
plate armour, with his helmet on his head, a double chain 


SOME ACCOUNT OF THE FAMILY OF LOWE. 167 


about his neck, and a skull at his feet, and having this 
inscription :— 


“HERE LYETHE ANTONEYE LOWE, ESQUYER, SERVANTE TO 
Kynce HENRY THE VII., Kync HENRY THE VIII., KyNG EDWARDE 
y® VI. & QUEENE MARIE Y® I, BURIED Y" 4 OF DECB. 

A.D. 1555. 


Bridget, his wife, was the daughter of Sir John Fogge, of 
Richbury, in Kent, comptroller of the household, and privy 
counsellor to King Henry VII., and was herself a maid of 
honour to Queen Catherine of Arragon. By her will, dated 
September 25th, 1557, and proved in the Prerogative Court 
of Canterbury, October the 8th, following, she desires to be 
‘buried in the chauncell of the p’sh churche of Wyrkisworth, 
near unto my said late husband, Anthony Lowe, and at my 
buryall to be such convenyante expenses and necessarye observy- 
ances as to my worshyp and degree shall apperteyne.”’ 

Edward Lowe, Esq., of Alderwasley, the only son of Anthony 

Lowe, was twice married; first to Dorothy, daughter of 
Christopher Eyre, Esq., of Highlow, by whom he had Bridget 
and two other daughters; and secondly to Lucy, daughter 
of Ralph Gell, Esq., of Hopton, by whom he had a son and 
a daughter. His will is dated May the 17th, 1577. After 
his decease the manorial courts of Alderwasley and Ashley- 
hay were held in the name of Lucy, his widow, until 1589, 
- when his only son, Anthony, appears to have attained _ his 
7 majority. . 
Anthony Lowe, Esq., of Alderwasley, the only son of 
Edward Lowe, was likewise twice married, and the following 
account of his wives and children is taken from the Wolley 
MSS. * 


_ “Anthony Lowe and Mary his wife were marryed the second day of 
ffebruary beeinge Candlemas day An° Dom. regn. Regin. Eliz., 31°, 1589, and 
. together the space of Io yeares or thereabouts, at w“ time the said Mary 


* Add. MSS., 6666, p. 153. 


168 SOME ACCOUNT OF THE FAMILY OF LOWE. 


dyed in childbed upon the first day of July, reg. Regin. Eliz. 39% 1598, in 
w°) time they had Issue 3 sonnes and 5 daughters, viz, Mildred Lowe, Judyth, 
Edward, Rowland, Mary, Anne, John, and the youngest w° died wt her 
mother. And after that the said Anthony married again the 23'@ of January 
followinge and soe lived w*® his latter wife from the 23'¢ of January, 1599, to 
the 23'¢ of June, 1600, in w%' time hee had Issue two sonnes booth at one 
birth, vizt Anthony and Thomas, and then the afforesaid 232 of June, 1600, 
hee departed this life leavinge behinde him 5 children livinge, viz. Judith, 
Edward, Anne and John by the first wife, and Thomas by the second.” 


Mary, the first wife above referred to, was the daughter of 
Rowland Ferne, Esq., of Hognaston; and Elizabeth, the 
second wife, was a Cheshire lady, named Blore. John Lowe,* 
his second son, became ancestor of the Lowes of Owlgreaves. 

From the Inquisition Post Mortem taken at Derby, October 
the 6th, 1601, it appears that at the death of Anthony Lowe, 
Esq., his son and heir, Edward Lowe, was eight years of age 
and more. There is a curious statement in the Wolley MSS., 
apparently taken from a contemporary letter, to the effect that 
‘¢ William Dethicke and Raphe Wigley, sonne to Henry Wigley, 
of Middleton, did fetch Edward Lowe, sonne and heire of 
Anthony Lowe, Esq., from Chelaston, the 23rd of June, in the 


* John Lowe, the youngest son of Anthony Lowe, Esq., of Alderwasley 
by his first marriage, settled first at Hasland, and subsequently at Owlgreaves, 
in the parish of Heanor. He served King Charles I. as captain of a troop of 
horse in the civil wars, and in 1643, was fined £133 6s. 8d. by the Parliament, 
as a Royalist delinquent. In his will, dated November loth, 1657, he names 
his eldest son John, who must have died in his father’s lifetime, for Owlgreaves 
was inherited by his son, Francis, who died in 1684, leaving three sons. 
Francis Lowe, the eldest of these three sons, married Jane, daughter and sole 
heiress of John Middleton, Esq., of Wansley Hall, in Nottinghamshire, but 
died without issue, and was buried at Heanor, May the 9th, 1697. The second 
son, Charles, who succeeded to the Owlgreaves estate on the death of his 
elder brother, was buried at Heanor March the 29th, 1719; he had no male 
issue, and the greater portion of his property devolved upon his three daughters 
and coheiresses. Anthony Lowe, the third son, was a doctor of medicine, and 
died, without male issue, February the 9th, 1729-30, leaving an only daughter 
and heiress, who married, in 1732, John Gorsuch Eccleston, Esq., of Eccles- 
ton, in Lancashire. He resided at the Milne House, Astle, in Cheshire, but 
had no issue. He was buried at Chelford, in that county, where his grave- 
stone, bearing a Latin epitaph, whereon he is described as ‘‘nuper d’ 
Owlgreave in Comte Derbi Mdze' Dr,” yet remains in the churchyard. (See 
Earwaker’s ‘‘ Hast Cheshire,” vol. ii. p. 368.) This branch of the family were 
Roman Catholics, and intermarried with the Eyres, of Newbold ; the Beau- 
monts, of Barrow, and other families who had adhered to the faith of their 
ancestors. 


SOME ACCOUNT OF THE FAMILY OF LOWE. 169 


night of the same daye, and brought him to the house of the 
said Henry Wigley, who conveyed him by the said Dethicke 
and one Rob’t. Mason to Mr. Bentley, who detaineth him from 
his right gardeine in socage.” The date of this lawless pro- 
ceeding does not appear. Edward Lowe, Esq., subsequently 
married Jane, daughter of Henry Hall, of Cortlingstock (now 
called Costock), in Nottinghamshire, by whom he had a 
family of thirteen children. It is certainly significant that 
Elizabeth, another daughter of this same Henry Hall, should 
have been the wife of Richard Wigley, Esq., of Wigwell, one of 
the sons of Henry Wigley, of Middleton, who took such a promi- 
nent part in the abduction of Edward Lowe, from his lawful 
guardian, as above mentioned. He took an active share in 
the civil wars, suffering severe privations and great hardships 
through his unswerving devotion to the cause of his Sovereign. 
In 1643, he presented a petition to the crown, setting forth his 
losses and praying for restitution in these terms :— 


“*May it please y™ excellency that whereas y* petitioner, Edward Lowe of 
Alderwasley in the County of Derby, esq* did aboute 12 months since cause 
his eldest son and five other of his sons to take up arms for the king and did 
att his owne great charge furnish his eldest son with a compleat troop of horse 
and armed them all, and the rest of his sons going along with their other 
‘brother as officers in the said troope and have been ever since in service and 
still are, all but his eldest son, who lost his life in the said service : and your 
petitioner was thereupon driven away from his house by the enemy, and hath 
ever since been kept away by them, his house hath been plundered since then 
26 times and all his household goods, 500 sheepe, fourscore and ten beasts, 44 
horses, and all his rents taken, his woods cut down and taken away by them, 
and his hay and corn both the last year’s cropp and this, in all amounting to 
the value of 43,000, to the great prejudice of your petitioner and the utter ruin 
and destruction of his whole family.” 
“That your excellency will be pleased to grant unto y® petitioner all such 


; men whose names are hereunder written, being delinquents and all others his 
_heighbours delinquents that’ have been a great cause of his undoing, and 
_ withal a sequestration of all their estate both goods and lands, &c., &c.” 


The losses which he sustained are elsewhere enumerated, as 
follows :— 


id 


170 SOME ACCOUNT OF THE FAMILY OF LOWE. 


“The house of Edw. Lowe, Esq’ of Alderwasley, was plunder’d by the 


Parliament party as under. 


1642. Captain Matthews, Ralph Peoyser, & three hundred 4. 
October 29. soldjiers came in the night about ten of the clock, 
shott in at the windows and had liked to have 
killed a gentleman in the house, breaking open the 
doors, & fooke in moneys, plate, & jewelles, & 
bedding, & other household goods to the value of 500 
At anot time Col! Gell’s servants, Tho. Gell, Jno. 
Hadin, Jno. Farrall, Bradle, Anth. Peoyser, B. 
Asford, and the Steeples, broke the stable & took 
two geldings & two mares with sadles & bridles, 
iO) dH Ne eee Baor Madde Botadubaadttiood ence todurncoroosh one 120 
Capt. Vermuden at an‘ time by Col! Gell’s warrant | 
took to Wingfield Mannor 8 oxen & 2 bulls, worth 50 


GOING RWOLEDN faces ocderw co hese wwe scence taeereeusaea kee 120 
BB Steers Gg WEMELS ; WOELD), ions cnebeqs- eyeliner i= cceaueae una 190 
ZO-CaIV eS a WKOLUN ctacycapnqucesecentieeencs setae enaceames 30 
_ 22 SWINE, -WOFth | ann ceiesdowancscsnahancdctecumanerseeoeeneae 15 
750 & odd sheep, young and old, worth ............... 296 13 4 
12 three year old colts & fillies, worth ............00. 70 
Arstrike) of seed oats) Worth) o.5.\s-ns=sencvcc¥s stiesecgs nce 4 
At an" time Capt. Clarke tooke to Wingfield Mannor 
one stoned colt, 3 mares, & 3 geldings, worth ... 80 
Andcone watt bully worthy s..(ewvasGseceaseerirscosenetese 6 
Capt. Backeshalle’s soldjers took 5 kine & two oxen, 
NO) Cl Baer ert ote tege peadBnoe cart onde ceseae ane saree omar 34 
Andiamiek Of Oats; WOUbM crass. cdeesvepmetanaaride cess 10 


All these were taken before my Lord Marquess took 
the mannor. Derby men took of me at several 
times 20 horses that I had of tenants for rent, worth 90 
Capt. Frith took at two sev! times 25 horses, young 
& old, which y® tenants gave me, & 38 beasts, 
VOLE Macaw gaciads nite gene ecteiias hasan fom ace alone ecmemen we santa 206 
Frith also took household goods, wearing cloths, 
gold rings, and money of y* childrens, and a buff 


coat, worth in all......,.....s..000- Ponca diestoscedencs 145 120 
At ano™ time Mr. John Gell’s men took 35 load of 
hay from y® ground, worth.......- .es.sssserereseeeeres 35 


And Col! Gell’s men took a trunk & a pack at Geo, 
Flint’s of Holloway with all my best apparell and 
my wife’s, my wife’s curtains, lawn and cambrick, 


SOME ACCOUNT OF THE FAMILY OF LOWE. B71 


gold & jewells of the children’s and my train- £ 

band’s cullors and scarves, worth ..............0.0006 400 
And y¢ grant of y¢ mannor w*" cost meé..... .....-.56 200 
And at y® same time y* took pewter and brass out 


Shee COMLNPICU WOTTIL” cosscveseureeasessfesaenstssseessaae 30 
Captain Wells took bootes, shoos & coats & sheets, 
Stack? Se blanicetts; worth nit viep.. cacnsoskaccaasenere ss 30 
2555 13 4 


The estate was subsequently sequestrated by the Parliament, 
and Edward Lowe and his two eldest surviving sons, John and 
Arthur,* were compelled to compound for the same by a payment 
of £221. Edward Lowe, Esq., was buried in the chancel at 
Wirksworth, July the 8th, 1650. Anthony Lowe, his eldest son, 
who was born September the 11th, 1613, and baptised at 
Wirksworth on the roth of that month, was killed in battle at 
Gainsborough, July the 30th, 1643. He was then under the 

command of the Earl of Newcastle, and being greatly esteemed 
_ by the Earl, his remains were conveyed to Bolsover, and there 
interred in the vault belonging to that nobleman’s family. 
_ Bassano mentions a monument in the church at Bolsover to this 
Anthony Lowe, but it has long since disappeared. Edward Lowe, 
the second son, who was born May the 4th, 1614, and baptised at 
Wirksworth on the 28th of that month, and who died unmarried 
and was buried in the chancel at Wirksworth, July the 21st, 1646, 
is said likewise to have died from the effects of a wound received 
in the civil wars. The family estates accordingly devolved on 
John Lowe, the third son. 
John Lowe, Esq., of Alderwasley, the eldest surviving son of 
Edward Lowe, was born May the 2nd, 1616, and baptised at Wirks- 
worth on the 19thof that month. He married Elizabeth, daughter 
of Anthony Crofts, of Brampton, by whom he had three sons and 
two daughters. His wife was buried at Wirksworth, July the 8th, 


_ * This Arthur Lowe married Jane, daughter and heiress of John Brookshaw, 
of Hazlewood, and was father of Anthony Lowe, of Hazlewood, whose only 
son, Captain Edward Lowe, sold that property to Sir Nathaniel Curzon. 
Bart., in 1748, and died in 1774, at the age of 94 years. Arthur Lowe 
urvived his nephew, John Lowe, Esq., of Alderwasley, and became heir male 
of the family. Two of his younger sons married and had issue. 


172 SOME ACCOUNT OF THE FAMILY OF LOWE. 


1677, and he himself was buried there on the 24th of the same 
month. 

John Lowe, Esq., of Alderwasley, the eldest son of John Lowe, 
was nine years of age in 1662, and was the last male represen- 
tative of the elder branch of this family. He served as High 
Sheriff of Derbyshire in 1679, and dying unmarried June the 
16th, 1690, was buried on the 19th of that month in the chancel 
at Wirksworth, where there is a mural monument, with a quaint 
rhyming epitaph, to his memory. His second brother, Anthony 
Lowe, who was eight years of age in 1662, became an officer in 
the first troop of Life Guards, and dying a bachelor in London. 
August the roth, 1685, was buried in the parish church of St. 
Dunstan’s in the West. The mural monument erected to his 
memory happily escaped destruction when that church was re- 
built, and is thus inscribed :— 


‘Pe ky So: 

PROPE JACET Corpus ANTONI Low, 
GENEROSI, EX ANTIQUA FAMILIA APUD 
ALDERWASLEY IN AGRO DERBIEN : 
FILIJ SECUNDI FUIT DUOBUS 
SERENISSIMIS & AUGUSTISSIMIS 
REGIBUS CAROLO ET JACOBO SECUNDO 
IN TURMA SATELLITIJ PRIMA VNUS 
E QUATUOR LOCUMTENENTIBUS 
OsyT xX“° pig AuGusTI AN. DO. MDCLXXXvV. 

ZETATIS SUZ 30.” 


Thomas Lowe, the third son, died young. Of the two 
daughters, Jane, the elder, died unmarried in the lifetime of 
her eldest brother, whilst Elizabeth, the younger, who became 
sole heiress of her family, was married January the rath, 
1670-1, to Nicholas Hurt, Esq., of Casterne,in the County of 
Stafford, and died April the zoth, 1713, aged 62, leaving with 
other issue, a son, Charles, whose descendants are the present 
possessors of the Alderwasley estate. 

We must now revert to Lawrence Lowe, the younger brother 
(as we apprehend), of that Thomas Lowe, from whom the 


SOME ACCOUNT OF THE FAMILY OF LOWE. ye 


Lowes of Alderwasley derived their descent.* Lawrence Lowe 
appears to have embraced the legal profession 
= and became a Serjeant-at-Law. In 1474, he 
Vi is said to have been in the service of William, 
a? Lord Hastings ; and he is obviously identical 
—— with .that Lawrence Lowe who became 
Recorder of the Borough of Nottingham, in or 

about the year 1480. The fact that he was 

q twice married is sufficiently established, and 
there can be but little doubt that his first 
wife was the heiress of the family of Rossell, 

of Denby, and that through her the chief share 

of the Manor of Denby came into his possession ; but evidence 
of this marriage is altogether wanting, and even her parentage 
is unknown. His second wife was Alice, daughter and coheiress 
of William Mylton, of Gratton, in the County of Derby (son of 
Ranulph de Milneton, or Mylton, of Milton, in Cheshire, by 
Mary, his wife, daughter and sole heiress of . . . Gratton, 
of Gratton), and widow of Oliver de Newton, of Newton, in 
Cheshire, who died in London of the plague in 1452, and was 
buried in St. Andrew’s Church, Holborn.t This second marriage 


* Adam Wolley distinctly speaks of Laurence Lowe as the younger brother 
of Thomas Lowe, of Alderwasley ; and in the charter of 1473, wherein four 
of the sons of Geoffrey del Lowe are mentioned, Lawrence is the one who is 
named last. But, at the same time, it must not be overlooked that there is 
proof that Lawrence Lowe was married to his second wife in 1455, whilst 
Thomas, who is assumed to have been the elder, was not married until 1471, 
and must have survived his brother Lawrence, at least five-and-twenty years. 
That Thomas and Lawrence Lowe were brothers has already been sufficiently 
_ proved, notwithstanding the apparent discrepancy in the dates ; and the state- 
_ ment that Thomas was a younger son of Lawrence, and not his brother is quite 
untenable, unless we admit the hypothesis that confusion has arisen between 
two persons of the same name, and that Lawrence Lowe, serjeant-at-law, and 
Thomas Lowe, of Alderwasley, were the sons of another Lawrence Lowe. 
Thus, supposing that it was the elder Lawrence who married the heiress of 
Rossell, some of the heraldic anomalies which have been referred to, would be 
clearly obviated. But a careful analysis of the various statements that have 
_ been given, will show many difficulties to such an explanation of the descent. 

+ By her first husband, Alice, the daughter and co-heiress of William Mylton, 
had, with other issue, a son, Richard de Newton, who married Janet, the 
daughter of Lawrence Lowe, his mother’s second husband. We have here 
“sufficient evidence that Lawrence Lowe must have been twice married. It 
Seems more probable that his son and heir was the issue of his first marriage, 


174 SOME ACCOUNT OF THE FAMILY OF LOWE. 


must have been solemnized prior to 1455, for there is a deed 
of partition, dated in that year, whereby certain lands of 
William Mylton are divided between John Massey and 
Margaret his wife, Ralph Browne and Elena his wife, and 
Lawrence Lowe and Alice his wife; the said Margaret, Elena, 
and Alice, being the three daughters and coheiresses of the 
said William Mylton. Lawrence Lowe was living in 1484, 
when a covenant was entered into on the feast day of St. 
Clement (November the 23rd), in that year, between Henry 
Kent, Vicar of Horsley, with the consent of Richard, Prior 
of Lenton, and Lawrence Lowe, of Denby, to have a priest to— 
say daily mass in the chapel of the Blessed Virgin, at Denby; 
but he was dead in 1491, when Alice, his second wife (who 
herself died the year following), is described as a widow. 
Humphrey Lowe, Esq,, of Denby, the eldest son of Lawrence 
Lowe, was living in 1516. He was married prior to 1462, to 
Margaret, daughter and heiress of John Linstone,* and by her 
was father of Clement Lowe, Esq., who married Isabella, daughter 
and co heiress of John Strelley, Esq., of Strelley, in the County 
of Nottingham (by Saunchia, daughter of Sir Richard Willoughby, 
of Wollaton, in the same county), and had an only daughter 
and heiress, Mary, who became the wife of William Sacheverell, — 
Esq., of Stanton-by-bridge (second son of Sir Henry Sacheverell, 
of Morley, Knight); and from this match the Sacheverells of 
Barton, in Nottinghamshire, were descended. The Denby 
estate, however, devolved upon Vincent Lowe, the second son 
of Humphrey Lowe, and continued with his descendants. 


but it is remarkable that his posterity should have quartered the arms of 
Rossell and a/so those of Mylton; and such an arrangement, though apparently 
quite incorrect, was officially recognised by St. George in the Visitation of 
1612. In his pedigree (vide Harl. MSS. 1093) Alice Mylton is given as the 
mother of Lawrence Lowe’s heir, whilst the match with the heiress of Rossell 
is altogether ignored. But the pedigree abounds in errors, not the least of 
which is that Anthony Lowe, of Alderwasley, the husband of Bridget Fogge, 
is stated to have been the second son of Vincent Lowe, of Denby, and the 
great-grandson of Lawrence Lowe. The remarkable coat of arms upon 
Anthony Lowe’s tomb in Wirksworth Church, already described, may possibly 
have originated this mistake. 

* There is a charter, dated in 1462, whereby Humphrey Lowe, and 
Margaret, his wife, united with Lawrence Lowe, his father, in granting certain 
lands in the meadows of Clifton to John Cokayne and Thomas his son. 


’ 


SOME ACCOUNT OF THE FAMILY OF LOWE, 175 


According to Lysons, this Vincent Lowe purchased the manor 

of Park Hall, in Denby, from Sir Peter Frecheville, about the 
beginning of the reign of Henry VIII., and settled it upon his 
younger son, Jasper Lowe, Esq., who succeeded to the Denby 
estate upon the decease of his elder brother, Vincent, in 1653 ; 
and since that time the manors of Denby and Park Hall have 
continued to be united. Jasper Lowe died in 1583, having 
had issue four sons and two daughters. His eldest son, 
Patrick, who was twenty-one years of age at the time of his 
father’s decease, married Jane, daughter of Sir John Harpur, 
of Swarkestone, and had four children. On the north side of the 
chancel at Denby, there is a fine mural monument, which 
“from the armorial bearings may be identified as that of Patrick 
Lowe; but there is no inscription, andvas there are no registers 
belonging to the church extant earlier than the year 1725, 
the date of his decease cannot be ascertained.* The monu- 
ment in question consists of the full-sized effigies of a man 
and woman kneeling beneath canopies, and each holding a 
_book in their clasped hands. The former is represented bare- 


headed and in plate-armour; and the latter in a French cap 
and ruff, with a triple chain round her neck. Their four 
children are likewise representcd in effigy, two of them having 
their heads covered with a veil or shroud, to typify their decease 
in the lifetime of their parents. Patrick Lowe probably left his 
estates somewhat involved, for in 1627, a Special Act of 
Parliament (3 Car. I., cap. 13 pr.), was passed to enable his 
son and successor, Vincent Lowe, of Denbigh, (s¢c.) in the 
county of Derby, Esq., to sell part of his estate for payment 
of his debts. Vincent Lowe, the only surviving son of Patrick 
Lowe, was eighteen years of age at the time of St. George’s 
Visitation in 1612, and was living in 1634. He married Anne, 
natural daughter of Henry Cavendish, Esq., of Tutbury, in 


Staffordshire, by whom he had a son and heir, John Lowe 


_* He was living in the second year of the reign of King James I., for the 
tenor bell of Denby Church is inscribed “ParricKE Lowe, EsQvIRE, ANNO 
Do. 1604.” 


176 SOME ACCOUNT OF THE FAMILY OF LOWE. 


(married to Katherine, daughter of Sir Arthur Pilkington, 
Bart., of Stanley, in Yorkshire), and nine younger children. 
Want of space prohibits any detailed account of the descent 
of this family. It should be added, however, that in 1785, 
upon the decease of Richard Lowe, Esq.,* of Denby and Locko 
Park, the estates devolved upon William Drury, Esq. (grand- 
son of William Drury, Alderman of Nottingham, who married 
Anne, eldest daughter of John Lowe, Esq., of Denby) ; and he 
accordingly assumed the additional name and arms of Lowe, 
by royal license, July the roth, 1790. William Drury Lowe, 
Esq., died without male issue, July the 11th, 1827, leaving 
Anne, his widow, a life interest in the estates. That lady, 
whose maiden name was Steer, was baptised at Burton Latimer, 
in Northamptonshire, July the 23rd, 1745, and died at Locko 
Park, November the 13th, 1848, in her ro4th year. Her only 
daughter and heiress had married Robert Holden, Esq., of 
Nuthall Temple, in Nottinghamshire, whose eldest son assumed 
the name and arms of Lowe, by royal license, upon succeeding 
to the family estates on the decease of his maternal grandmother, 
the venerable lady above mentioned. 


* Richard Lowe, Esq., had no lawful issue, but by Ellen Leyton, whom he 
afterwards married, he had three natural daughters. His brother, Stead Lowe, 
settled in America, where he died, leaving a son of his own name, who did 
not, however, inherit the family estates. 


BEMROSE AND SONS, PRINTERS, LONDON AND DERBY. 


1 A. 


Adderleys, of Thorpe, 3 
; Addy, S. O., 56, 95 


Alder and Elder, 81 
Alderwasley and 
Denby, 157 


&, 3 
Andirons, 61 
Ash Tree, 77 


- 


Ashburne Church, 
Stained Glass, 90 


Ashburne, Old 
Families, 1 

Ashby-de-la-Zouch, 
143, 6 

Audley, Lord, of 
_Helegh, 3 


B. 
Bagnette, 78 


Bagshaw, Francis 
estby, 100 


Woodseat, 3 
Ballidon, 6 


fou III., 1881. 


Allestree, Henry, 141, 
, 6 
Alsops, of Alsop-le- 


Ashburne, 143, 6, 9 


Ashburne, Dr., Thos., 3 


Bailey, George, 132 
Bainbridge, Thos., of 


177 


Beauchief Hall, Furni- 
ture at, 56 

Bed Nilling, 57 

Beech Tree, 81 

Beresford, Thos. and 
Lord William, 2 

Bible, Summary of, 
147, 8 

Birch Tree, 75 

Birom, 6 

Blore, 6 

Blount, 6 

“* Bold,” 75 

Bonshrant, of Thorpe, 
6 


** Book,” 81 
Boothby Family, 4 
Boothby, Sir William, 


3 
Bradburne Chauntry, 
Ashburne, 4 
Brailsford, antiquary, 
6 


5 
Breretons of Hurdlow, 


4 

British Spy, or Derby 
Post-Man, 142, 4 

Broom, 85 

Browne, 6 

Building accounts, 
Chatsworth, 30 to 


54 

Bullen’s ‘‘ Super- 
stitions,” 79 

Bunsen, Baroness, 6 

Burley, Thomas, of 
Greenhill, 57 

Burns’ Poems, 151 

Burton-on-Trent, 143, 
146 

Buxton family, 4 


INDEX OF NAMES AND PLACES. 


cc. 


Cantrell, Rev. Henry, 
139, 148 

Cantrell, William, 141, 
142 

Carter, 6 

Castleton, 156 

Catton, Hortons of, 


7 

Chap-books, 138, 152 
Chatsworth, building 

accounts, 7 
Chatterton, 6 
Chauncey, 6 
Chesterfield, 154 
Chesterfield Gazette, 


155 
Chesterfield, old sham- 
bles, 132 
Chrisom, 55 
Cockaine, Sir Thomas, 
on Hunting, 111 
Cockayne, Andreas E., 


109 
Cokayne family, notes 
on, 109 
Cokaynes, I, 2, 3 
Coke, 6 
Collyer, J., 143 
Corden, 6 
Corn, 84 
Cotton, Charles, 1, 5 
Courtney, Nicholas, 


30 

Cox, J. Charles, 73 

Croxall Church, in- 
cised slabs, 55 

Cullen, Lord, 3 

Curzon, William, 
monument, 55 


178 INDEX OF NAMES AND PLACES. 


D. 


Dakin family, 4 

Dales of Lea Hall, 3 

Davies, David Peter, 
155 

Degge, Sir Symon, 4 

Derby Herald, 150 

Derby Mercury, 145, 


150 

Derby Post-Man, 140, 
142-4 

Derbyshire Chronicle, 


155 

Derbyshire Collections 
of Duke of Devon- 
shire, 144 

Derbyshire Courier, 155 

Derbyshire, Early 
History of Printing 
Press, 137 

Derbyshire Journal, 
148 

Derbyshire, Place and 
Field Names, 73 

Devonshire, Duke and 
Duchess of, 144, 9 

Devonshire, William, 
Duke of, 7 to 30 

Documents, Ancient, 
Totley, Dore, and 
Holmfield, 95 

Doshen, 64 

Down, Mr., 155 

Doxey, 6 

Drewry, John, 151, 2 

Drewry, Samuel, 145, 
150-1 

Drewry’s Derby Mer- 
cury, 151 

Dronfield, 95 


E. 


Edensor, 6 

Elm Tree, 78 

Etches, 6 

Etches, Wm., 149 

Exchequer, Court of, 
Chatsworthaccounts, 
7 to 30 


F. 


Fawne, of Alderwasley, 
162 ; 


Fernes, of Parwich, 4 
Fir Trees, 82 
Fitzherberts, I, 2 
Flaskett, 64 
Flax, Cultivation of, 
88-9 
Ford, Thos., 155 
Fowne, of Yeaveley, 6 
Fox, Samuel, 151 
Fruit Trees, 82-3 
Furniture at Beauchief 
Hall, 56 


G, 


Gell, Sir John, of Hop- 
ton, 4, 5 

Gill, Leonard, 99 

Glass, Stained, in Ash- 
burne Church, 90 

Goodwin, 6 

Gorse or Whin, 85 

Gospel Trees, 74 

Gramener, 6 

Grasmere Church, 87 

Graves, 6 

Greaves, 6 


H. 


Hanson, 6 

Harrison, James, 149 

Harrison's Derby Jour- 
nal, 149 

Hart, W. H., 7 

Hartshorne, 6 

Hayne, 6 

Hazel, 78 

Heath, 
149 

Heather, or Ling, 85 

Heraldic stained glass, 
Ashburne Church, 
90 

Hieron, 6 

Hinds’ Hall, 62 

Hobbs, Richard, 155 

Hodgkinson, S. and J., 
140, 142-3 

Holly Tree, 79 

Holm, or Holly, 78 

Holme Family, 97-8 

Holmes, James, 146 

Holt, William, 143 

Hortons, of Catton, 67 
to 72 


Christopher, 


Hunting, A Treatise 
on, III 
Huntingdon, _ Selina, 


Countess of, 5 
Hurt Family, 5 
Hutchinson, Dr. 

Michael, 143 


I: 


Incised Slabs, Croxall 
Church, 55 


ie 


Jackson, Benjamin, 17 
Jourdain, Rev. Francis, 
go 


K. 


Kinder, Philip, histo- 
rian, 2 

Kirkland, 6 

Knit, James, 155 

Kniveton Family, 5 . 


L. 


Lancaster, 
148 ‘ 

Le Hunt, Peter Bain- 
bridge, 3 

Lee of Lady-hole, 6 

Levinge Family, 5 

Ley of Mathfield, 6 

Lind, linden, or lime 
tree, 78 

Linen, 87 

Longford, 6 

Lovell, 6 . 

Lowe family, of Alder- 
wasley & Denby, 157 

Lowe, Major A. E, 
Lawson, 157 

Lowes of Highfield, 
Nottingham, 162 

Lucys and Comptons, 
2 


Duchy of, 


M. 


Macclesfield, 158 
Manlove, 6 


INDEX OF NAMES AND PLACES, 179 


Maple tree, 77 
Marsh, Mrs. Sara Anna, 


Sutde:. 

Meverell Family of 
Throwley, 5 

Meynells of Bradley, 5 

Millward, 6 

Monjoye, 6 

Mooter Arke, 65 


N. 


Names of Places and 
Fields, 73 

Newspaper, First, in 
Derby, 140 

Norton House, 99 

Nottingham, 143, 144, 
145, 146 


O. 


‘Oak tree, 76 

Okeovers, I, 2 

Ordoyno, Charles Sam- 
broke, 150 

Owfeld, 6 


Pe 
Palm Sunday, Willow, 
80 
Parker, T., 17 
6 


Pegge, 

Pegge, Strelley, 57 

Pole, Cardinal, 4 

Poll-books, 150 

Ports of Ilam and Et- 
wall, 5, 6 

Possett, 59 


Printing Press—Early 
His. in Derbyshire, 
137 


R. 


Riddlesden, 6 

Roberts, J., 155 

Roe, Jeremiah, 142, 
143, 146, 151 

Rose-rent, 98 

Rushes, Use of, 86-7 


S: 
Sadlier, 6 
St. Alkmund’s, First 
Vicar, 139 , 


Sanders, John, 151 

Savage of Tissington, 6 

Shambles, Chesterfield, 
132 

Shaw, Rev. Mr., 147 

Shirleys, 1, 2 

Sleigh, John, 1 

Smith, Richard, 143 

Spalden, 6 

Spenser on Trees, 80 

‘* Spiritual Quixote,” 6 

Standheeks, 65 

Stopford, 6 


ws 


Taylor, 6 

Temses, 64 

Thorn Tree, 82 
Topleys, 6 

Totley, Dore, and 
« Holmsfield, 95 


othe Lon, 
PA FER 1995 


Trentham Family, 3 

Trimer, Samuel, 151 

Trimer, Thos. Paget, 
153 

Trimer, Roome, San- 
ders, and Almond, 


149 
Turner, W., 143 


U. 


Ussher, Mary, 55 
Ussher, Richard, 67 
Uttoxeter, 143, 146 


V. 


Vernon, 6 
Vineyards in England, 
83 


W. 


Waine Bucks, 64 

Walker, William, 143 

Wallis, Alfred, 137 

Watson, David, 143 

Wheeldon, John, 151 

Wice, Wican, or Wig- 
gin, 7 

Willow, 80 

Wilson, John, of Kil- 
marnock, 151 

Wilson, Joseph, 155 

Wilson, Lea, 154 

Wirksworth, 143, 6 

Wise, 

Woad, 88 

Wren, Sir Christopher, 
Q, 20, 21 


Ee eee 
BEMROSE AND SONS, PRINTERS, DERBY; AND 23, OLD BAILEY, LONDON, 


. 


foe tee a Wiad 
; Bs mi Kang 


_; VOL. Iv. 


yx a, JOURNAL 


Wa: 


ASP ERBYSHIRG 


ARCHAEOLOGICAL 


AND 


NATURAL HISTORY 
SOCIETY. 


LONDON : 
ze _BEMROSE & SONS, 23; OLD BAILEY; 
23 AND DERBY, - 


JOURNAL 


- DERBYSHIRE ARCHEOLOGICAL 


AND 


_ NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY. 


rs. EV. 


JANUARY, 1882. 


- BEMROSE & SONS, 23, OLD BAILEY; 
. AND DERBY. 


CSc e iN aoe IpYe Be 


ee 


lll 


CONTENTS. 
. PAGE 
GG ta a en a i 
- Rues oh" EPA Serre) ee eee ee af 
BEMPAMOR MEMBERS - = = 92  s2 S # 4a oe Sate x 
Mueeranys Rerokr- = 8 -. - = + .- +: + = xix 
BALANCE SHEET - - ares - - - : - - xxxi 


FITZHERBERT AND OTHER CHARTERS. 


By Rev. RecInaALp H. C. FITZHERBERT - ~~ - = ok 
ENEALOGICAL NOTES, ETC., RELATING TO FAMILIES OF PARKER. 
' [CoMMUNICATED BY CHARLES JACKSON, DONCASTER] - - 23 
‘Sir JOHN STATHAM, OF WIGWELL. 
By JOHN SLEIGH, J.P. - - - - - - - am SY 


On A PALIMPsEsT BRASS IN NORBURY CHURCH, DERBYSHIRE ; WITH 
SOME REMARKS ON THE MONUMENTAL BRASSES OF DERBYSHIRE. 

By W. H. St: JoHNn Hope, B.A. - - - - - 48 

>LACE AND FIELD NAMES OF DERBYSHIRE, WHICH INDICATE THE 
Fauna. 

By Rev. J. CHARLES Cox - - - : - - - 57 


; By ARTHUR Cox - - - - - - - = - 76 
JN A COPPER SEAL DISCOVERED AT DARLEY ABBEY, DERBYSHIRE, 
SE CT) a i i i. ES 
SACRIST’s ROLL oF LICHFIELD CATHEDRAL, A.D. 1345. 

____—siBy Rev. J. Cuas. Cox anp W. H. Sr. Joun Hope, B.A. 107 
O SEPULCHRAL SLABS AT Hope CHURCH. 


By Rev. J. CHARLES Cox” - - - - - - 139 
PTINGS ABOUT OLD Dersy. 

By Rev. WILLIAM HopeE, M.A. - - - - - - I4I 
STAINED GLAss at NorpuryY MANoR House. 

By GEORGE BAILEY - - - - - - - - 152 

INcIs—ED SLAB AT ETWALL CHURCH. 

By Rev. J. CHARLES Cox - - - . : - - 159 
STOCENE DEPOSITS OF DERBYSHIRE AND ITS IMMEDIATE VICINITY. 

0 WES a ee a Se | 
TER, A PoEM, BY CHARLES CorTTon. 

CONTRIBUTED BY W. BEMROSE - - - - - - 179 


eet : . : : : - - - - - - 189 


iv 


Lis? pOr) Pasa Bis 


TO FACE PAGE 


THE Brass OF SIR ANTHONY FITZHERBERT AND HIS WIVES, 
NorBuRY CHURCH, DERBYSHIRE - - - - - 
Hore CHURCH, DERBYSHIRE, JUNE I6TH, 1881 (AUTOTYPE) 
SEAL oF NaTH. ELLISON, ARCHDEACON OF STAFFORD, 1682 
SEPULCHRAL SLAB FOUND DURING THE DEMOLITION OF THE 
CHANCEL OF HOPE CHURCH, DERBYSHIRE - - - 
SEPULCHRAL SLAB FOUND DURING THE DEMOLITION OF THE 
CHANCEL OF HOPE CHURCH, DERBYSHIRE - - - 
THE Staircase, Norpury MANOR HouUsE - - - - 


THE MONTHS, FROM GLASS IN NoRBURY MANOR HouUsE - 


THE MONTHS, FROM GLASS IN NORBURY MANOR HOUSE - 
THE MONTHS, FROM GLASS IN NorBURY MANOR HOUSE - 
INCISED GRAVESTONE DISCOVERED DURING THE RESTORATION 

OF THE CHURCH AT ETWALL IN AuGusT, 1881 - - 


I 
86 
106 


DUKE oF PortLanp. 
_DuKe or Norrouk, E.M. 
-Lorp Howarp oF GLossop. 
_Lorp VERNON. 

LorpD SCARSDALE. 

Lorp BELPER. 

Lorp WATERPARK. 

Ricut Rev. Bisnop or Licu- 
FIELD. 

Hon. E. K. W. Coke. 
Hon. W. M. Jervis. 

Hon. FREDERICK STRUTT. 
Ricut Rev. Bishop ABraHam. 
RIGHT Rev. BisHop STALEY. 

IR J. G. ALLEYNE, Barr. 


{. BEMROSE. 
BOROUGH. 
= J- Cuas. Cox. 


G. SAVILE FoLjJAMBE, M.P. 
M. K. S. Fritu. 


Bon. Treasurer : 
C. E. NewrTon. 


Henry T. Monkuouse. 


LIST OF OFFICERS. 


President: 
DHE DUKE OF DEVONSHIRE, K.G. 


DVice=resivents: 


Sir H. S. WiLMot, Bart., V.C., 
CB; MiP: 

Rev. Sir E. Repps JODRELL, 
BART. 

VERY REV. DEAN OF LICHFIELD. 

VEN. ARCHDEACON BALSTON. 

Capt. A. P. ARKWRIGHT, R.N. 

M. A. Bass, Esq., M.P. 

T. W. Evans, Esq., M.P. 

LLEWELLYNNJEWITT, Esq., F.S.A. 

J. G. Crompton, Esq. 

C. R. CoLviLe, Esq. 

N. C. Curzon, Esq. 

G. F. MEYNELL, Esa. 

H. H. Bemrose, Esq. 


Council : 


Major A. E. Lawson Lowe, 
F.S.A. 

Rev. J. M. MELLo. 

F. J. RoBInson. 

RICHARD USSHER. 

W. H. St. Joun Hope. 

F. CAMPION. 

ALF. WALLIs. 

C. JAMEs CADE. 

E. Coouine. 

J. GALLop. 

T. W. CHARLTON, 

E. GREENHOUGH. 


Won, Secretary: 


ARTHUR Cox. 


Auditors: 


Major PounTAIN. 


Ss CS oe Re tae a aa ahh 
: 
\ 
j 
; \ 
‘ 


vil 


RULES. 


I.—NAME. 
The Society shall be called the “ DERBYSHIRE ARCHAOLOGICAL 
AND NATURAL History SOCIETY. 
II. —Opsject. 
The Society is instituted to examine, preserve, and illustrate 
the Archzology and Natural History of the County of Derby. 
IJ.—OPERATION. 


The means which the Society shall employ for effecting its 
objects are :— 
1.—Meetings for the purpose of Reading Papers, the 
Exhibition of Antiquities, etc., and the discussion of 
subjects connected therewjth. 
2.—General Meetings each year at given places rendered 
Interesting by their Antiquities, or by their Natural 
. development. 
3:—The publication of original papers and ancient 
documents, etc. 


IV.—OFrFiceERs,. 


The Officers of the Society shall consist of a President and Vice- 
Presidents, whose election shall be for life; and an Honorary 
Treasurer and Honorary Secretary, who shall be elected annually. 


V.—CounciL. 


The general management of the affairs and property of the 
a Society shall be vested in a Council, consisting of the President, 


Vili RULES. 


Vice-Presidents, Honorary Treasurer, Honorary Secretary, and 
twenty-four Members, elected from the general body of the 
subscribers ; eight of such twenty-four Members to retire annually 
in rotation, but to be eligible for re-election. All vacancies 
occurring during the year to be provisionally filled up by the 
Council. 

VI.— ApMIssION OF MEMBERS. 


The election of Members, who must be proposed and seconded 
in writing by two Members of the Society, shall take place at any 
meeting of the Council or at any General Meetings of the Society. 


VII.—SvUBSCRIPTION. 


Each Member on election after March 31st, 1878, shall pay an 
Entrance Fee of Five Shillings, and an Annual Subscription of 
Ten Shillings and Sixpence. All subscriptions to become due, in 
advance, on the 1st of January each year, and to be paid to 
the Treasurer. A composition of Five Guineas to constitute Life 
Membership. The composition of Life Members and the 
Admission Fee of Ordinary Members to be funded, and the 
interest arising from them to be applied to the general objects of 
the Society. Ladies to be eligible as Members on the same 
terms. No one shall be entitled to his privileges as a Member 
of the Society whose subscription is six months in arrear. 


VIII.—Honorary MEMBERS. 


The Council shall have the power of electing distinguished 
Antiquaries as Honorary Members. Honorary Members shall 
not be resident in the County, and shall not exceed twelve in 
number. Their privileges shall be the same as those of Ordinary 
Members. 

IX.—MEETINGs OF COUNCIL. 

The Council shall meet not less than six times in each year, 
at such place or places as may be determined upon. Special 
meetings may also be held at the request of the President or five 
Members of the Society. Five Members of Council to form a 
quorum. 


RULES. ix 


X.—Sus-ComMIrTEEs. 

The Council shall have the power of appointing from time to 
time such sectional or Sub-Committees as may seem desirable for 
the carrying out of special objects. Such sectional or Sub- 
Committees to report their proceedings to the Council for 
confirmation. 

XI.—GENERAL MEETINGs. 


The Annual Meeting of the Society shall be held in January 


each year, when the Accounts, properly audited, and a Report 


shall be presented, the Officers elected, and vacancies in the 
Council filled for the ensuing year. The Council may at any 
time call a General Meeting, specifying the object for which that 
Meeting is to be held. A clear seven days’ notice of all General 
Meetings to be sent to each Member. 


XII.—ALTERATION OF RULES. ”* 
No alteration in the Rules of the Soclety shall be made except 


bya majority of two-thirds of the Members present at an annual 


or other General Meeting of the Society. Full notice of any 
intended alteration to be sent to each Member at least seven 
days before the date of such Meeting. 


LIST OF MEMBERS. 


The Members whose names are preceded by an asterisk (*) are Life Members. 


Bloxam, M. H., F.S8.A., Rugby. 

Hart, W. H., F.S.A., 27, Lonsdale Chambers, eine 
Lane, London. 

Fitch, R., F.S.A., Norwich. 

Greenwell, The Rev. Canon, F.S.A., Durham. 

North, Thos., F.S.A., Leicester. ) 


Abbott, 8., Lincoln. 

Abney, Captain W. de W., F.R.S., 3, St. Alban’s Road, Kensington, London. 
*Abraham, The Right Rev. Bishop, Lichfield. 

Addy, S. O., George Street, Sheffield. 

Adlington, W. S., Kirk Hallam. 

Alleyne, Sir John G. N., Bart., Chevin House, Belper. 
Allport, James, Littleover, Derby. 

Alsop, Anthony, Wirksworth. 

Andrews, William, 10, Colonial Street, Hull. 
Arkwright, Captain A. P., Willersley. 

Arkwright, James C., Cromford. 

Arkwright, F. C., Willersley Castle, Cromford. 
Auden, Rev. W., The Vicarage, Church Broughton. 


Bagshawe, Benj., High Street, Sheffield. 

Bagshawe, F. Westby, The Oaks, Sheffield. 

Bailey, John, The Temple, Derby. 

Bailey, J. Eglinton, F.S.A., Egerton Villa, Stratford, Manchester. 
Bailey, George, 82, Crompton Street, Derby. 

Balguy, Major, The Grove, Burton Road, Derby. 

Balston, The Ven. Archdeacon, D.D., The Vicarage, Bakewell. 
Barber, J. T., Spondon. 

Barker, W. Ross, Lyndon House, Matlock Bath. 

Barnes, Capt., Beaconsfield, Bucks. 

Bass, M. T., M.P., Rangemore, Burton-on-Trent. 

Bass, M. Arthur, M.P., Rangemore, Burton-on-Trent. 

Bate, James O., Gerard Street, Derby. 


Honorary Members. 


LIST OF MEMBERS. xi 


Bateman, F.. O. F., Breadsall Mount, Derby. 
Bateman, Thomas K., 8S. Mary’s Gate, Derby. 
Beamish, Captain, R.E., Ordnance Survey Office, Southampton. 
Beard, Neville, The Mount, Ashburne. | 
Belper, The Right Honourable Lord, Kingston Hall. 
Bemrose, H. H., Uttoxeter New Road, Derby. 
Bemrose, William, Elmhurst, Lonsdale Hill, Derby. 
Bennett, Geo., Irongate, Derby. 
Bickersteth, The Very Rev. E., D.D., The Deanery, Lichfield. 
Blackwall, J. B. E., Biggin, Wirksworth. 
Boden, Walter, Gower Street, Derby. 
Bogonschevsky, The Baron Nicholas Cassimir de, Pskov, Russia. 
Borough, John, Friar Gate, Derby. 
Booth, Frederick W., Hartington Hall, near Ashburne. 
Bowring, Chas., Duffield Road, Derby. 
Bowring, Clement, Woodbines, Derby. 
Bradbury, Edward, Osmaston Road, Derby. 
Bradbury, Rev. T., 8. Chad’s, Derby. 
_ Bradshaw, Rev. H. H., Morley Rectory, Derby. 

_ Bridgeman, O. Graville, Bilton Hall, Rugby. 
Brushfield, T. N., M.D., Brookwood Mount, Woking, Surrey. 


_ Buchanan, Alexander, Wilson Street, Derby. 


Buckstone, Rev R. G., Sutton-on-the-Hill. 

- Buckston, Rev. Henry, Hope Vicarage, Derby. 
Burch, Robert, 58, Green Lane, Derby. 
‘Busby, C. S. B., Chesterfield. 


_ Cade, Chas. James, Spondon. 
Cade, Francis J., Spondon. 
Cammell, G. H., Brookfield Manor, Hathersage. 
_ Campion, Frederick, M.R. Offices, Derby. 
Campion, Frank, Duffield Road, Derby. 
_ Carter F., Irongate, Derby. 
Chancellor, Rev. J., 8. John’s, Derby. 
Charlton, Thomas W., Chilwell Hall, Notts. 
; Christie, R. C., Darley House, Matlock. 
Christian, Rev. F. W., The Vicarage, South Wingfield. 
Clarke, OC. H., International College, Isleworth, Middlesex. 
Clarke, J. H., Melbourne. 
_ Clayton, Mrs., Queen Street, Derby. 
Clay, T. Spender, Ford Manor, Lingfield, oe 
F Clulow, Edward, Junr., Victoria Street, Derby. 
Cokayne, Andreas E., Overdale Grange, Great Lever, Bolton-le-Moors. 
- *Cokayne, G. E., F.S.A., College of Arms, London. 
; *Coke, Colonel, Debdale Hall, Mansfield. 


xii LIST OF MEMBERS. 


Coke, The Hon. Edward Keppel Wentworth, Longford Hall. 
*Coke, Capt. J. Talbot, Militia Depdt, York. 
Colvile, Charles R., Lullington, Burton-on-Trent. 
Cooling, Edwin, Junr., Iron Gate, Derby. 

Cope, Rey. A. D., Grammar School, Ashburne. 
Copestake, T. G., Kirk Langley. 

Cottingham, Rev. Henry, The Vicarage, Heath. 
Coulthurst, Thomas, Derby. 

Cox, Rev. Richardson, The Vicarage, Tickenhall. 
Cox, Rev. J. Charles, Christ Church, Lichfield. 
Cox, Mrs. J. C., Christ Church, Lichfield. 

Cox, William, Brailsford. 

Cox, Arthur, Mill Hill, Derby. 

Cox, F. W., Priory Flatte, Breadsall, Derby. | 
Cox, Miss, The Hall, Spondon. 

Cresswell, E. W., R.E., Rock House, Spondon. 
Croker, Rev. J. G., The Rectory, Brailsford. 
Crompton, J. G., The Lilies, Derby. 

Croston, James, F.S.A., Upton Hall, Prestbury, Cheshire. 
Curgenven, W. G., M D., Friar Gate, Derby. 
Currey, B.§., Little Haton Hill, Derby. 

*Curzon, Nathaniel C., Lockington Hall, Derby. 


Davis, Hy., All Saints’ Works, Derby. 

Davis, Frederick, Palace Chambers, S. Stephen’s, Westminster. 
Deacon, Rev. J. C. H., The Vicarage, Alfreton. 

Devonshire, His Grace the Duke of, K.G., Chatsworth. 
Disbrowe, Miss, Walton Hall, Burton-on-Trent. 

Dolman, A. H., Wardwick, Derby. 


Eckett, S. B., 20, Arboretum Street, Derby. 

Edmunds, Wilfred, “ Derbyshire Times,” Chesterfield. 

Egerton, Admiral The Hon. F., M.P., Devonshire House, London, 
Evans, Henry, West Bank, Derby. 

*Evans, John, Highfields, Derby. 

Evans, Robt., Eldon Chambers, Nottingham. 

Evans, Thomas, F.G.S., Pen-y-Bryn, Derby. 

*EKvans, T. W.,M.P., Allestree, Derby. 

Evans, Walter, Darley Abbey. 

*Hyre, Lewis, 78, Redcliffe Gardens, Kensington, London, S.W. 


*Fane, William Dashwood, Melbourne Hall. 
Festing, Rev., Clifton, Ashburne. 

Fisher, Rev. F. C., The Rectory, Walton-on-Trent. 
Fisher, Edwd., Blackmore Hall, Sidmouth. 


LIS! OF MEMBERS, xill 


*FitzHerbert, J. K., Twynham, Bournemouth. 

*FitzHerbert, Rev. Regd. H. C., Somersal Herbert, Derby. 
*Foljambe, Cecil G. Savile, M.P., Cockglode, Ollerton, Newark. 
Forman, Rev. T. R., 8. Thomas’s, Derby. 

Forman, Hy., Chellaston, Derby. 

Fox, Rey. W., The Rectory, Stanton-by-Dale. 

Fox, F. F., Melbourne. : 

*Freer, Rev. T. H., Sudbury, Derby. 

Frith, Rey. M. K. S., The Vicarage, Allestree. 

Fryer, Edwd., Mill Hill Road, Derby. 


Gadsby, H. F., Derby. 

Gallop, Joseph, Normanton Road, Derby. 
Garbutt, Horace, West Mount, Derby. 

George, Henry T., Friar Gate, Derby. 

Gibson, Rev. A. I., 21, Rosehill Street, Derby. 
Gillett, F. C., Borrowash, Derby. 

*Gisborne, Miss, Allestree Hall, Derby. 

Gisborne, T. M., 4, Upper S. Germains, Blackheath. 
Goldie, Rev. A. R., The Grange, Thulston, Derby. 
Goodall, Thos. Sorby, 5, S. Peter’s Street, Derby. 
Goode, Mrs., Friar Gate, Derby. 

Greaves, Fred. W., Bank, Derby. 

Greenhough, Edward, Green Bank, Matlock Bath. 
Gresley, Rev. L. S., Ashover. 

Groves, Rev. C. W., Grammar School, Risley. 


Hall, W. S., 39, Hartington Street, Derby. 

_ Hall, J. Payne, Uttoxeter. 

Hall, Robt., Wirksworth. 

_ Hall, Rey. Tansley, Boyleston, Derby. 

_ Hamilton, Rev. C. J., The Vicarage, Doveridge. 
Hamlet, T., 40, Green Lane, Derby. _ 

- Harwood, James, Corn Market, Derby. 

a. A. Seale, Duffield Road, Derby. 

- Haslam, W. Coates, Ripley, Derby. 

Hatherton, The Dowager Lady, 46, Clifton Gardens, Maida Hill, London, W. 
Haynes, H., ‘‘ Peacock” Inn, Nottingham Road, Derby. 
Heath, Thomas, I'ree Library, Derby. 

-Hefford, George, Whatstandwell. 

‘Hefford, T. N., 46, Queen Street, Derby. 

Herbert, Rev. George, University School, Nottingham. 
‘Hill, F. C., St. James’s Chambers, Derby. 

‘Hillyard, Rey. E. A., Christ Church Vicarage, Belper. 
Hodges, W. H., Osmaston Road, Derby. 


xiv LIST OF MEMBERS. 


Holland, W. R., Ashburne. 

Hollis, H. W., Butterley. 

Holly, Wm., Ockbrook. 

Holmes, Major, Makeney Lodge, Belper. 

Holmes. H. M., London Road, Derby. 

Holmes, H. M., Junr., London Road, Derby. 
Holmes, Charles, Argyle Terrace, Rose Hil], Derby. 
Holmes, Miss E., London Road, Derby. 

Holoran, G. B., Osmaston Road, Derby. 

Hope, Rev. William, S. Peter’s, Derby. 

Hope, W. H. St. John, S. Peter’s, Derby. 

Horsley, Thomas, King’s Newton. 

*Hovenden, R. Heathcote, Park Hill Road, Croydon. 
Howard, The Right Hon. Lord, of Glossop, Glossop Hall. 
Howard, W. F., Cavendish Street, Chesterfield. 
Howe, W. E., Fernie Bank, Matlock Bath. 
Hubbersty, Philip, Wirksworth. 

Huckin, Rev. H. R., D.D., Repton Hall. 

Huish, John, Smalley, Derby. 
Huish, Darwin, Vernon Street, Derby. 

Hunt, J. A., The Poplars, Ockbrook,. 

Hunter, John, Jun., Field Head House, Belper. 
*Hurt, Albert, F., Alderwasley, Derbyshire. 

Hurt, Miss, 46, Clifton Gardens, Maida Hill, London, W. 


Jackson, John P., Stubbin Edge, Chesterfield. 

*Jennings, L. F,, Manor House, Kingston, Lewes. 

*Jervis, The Hon. W. M., Quarndon, Derby. 

Jessop, William, Butterley Hall. 

Jeudwine, W. W., Hasland, Chesterfield. 

Jewitt, Llewellynn, F.S.A., The Hollies, Duffield. 

Jobson, J., The Cottage, Spondon, Derby. 

Jobson, Edgar W., Hartington Street, Derby. 

*Jodrell, Rev. Sir Edward Repps, Bart., 21, Portland Place, London. 
Johnson, H. §., Charnwood House, Osmaston Road, Derby. 
Johnston, Captain Duncan A., R.E., Ordnance Survey, Derby. 
Jolnston, Andrew, Borrowash, Derby. 

Jolley, William, Eldon Chambers, Nottingham. 

Jones, Joseph, Full Street, Derby. 

Jones, Rev. T. J., Atlow, Ashburne. 

Jones, T., Jun., 256, Glossop Road, Sheffield. 

Jourdain, Rey, Francis, The Vicarage, Ashburne. 


Keene, Richard, All Saints’, Derby. 
Kingdon, Clement B., Ednaston Lodge. 


LIST OF MEMBERS, XV 


Kirkland, Capt. Walter, 3, West Terrace, Eastbourne, 
Kitchingman, Rev. J., The Rectory, Bonsall. 
Knipe, W. Melville, Melbourne. 


Lamb, John, Corn Market, Derby. 

Leacroft, Rev. C, H.. The Vicarage, Brackenfield, Alfreton. 

Leader, J. D., F.S.A., Sheffield. 

Lewis, Rev. Lewis, Ockbrook, Derby. 

Lichfield, The Dean and Chapter of—Chas. Gresley, The Close, Lichfield. 
- Lichfield, The Right Rev, The Lord Bishop of, The Palace, Lichfield. 
Lingard, J., Irongate, Derby. 

Linsday, J. Murray, M.D., Mickleover, Derby. 

Lister, Charles, The Abbey, Darley Dale. 

Lomas, J., Marble Works, King Street, Derby. 

Longdon, Frederick, Osmaston Road, Derby. 

Lott, Edward, Corn Market, Derby. 

Lowe, Major A. E. Lawson, F.S.A., Shirenewton Hall, Chepstow. 
Lowe, William Drury, Locko Park, Derby. 

Lowe, George, M.D., Horninglow Street, Burton-on-Trent. 

Lucas, Captain, Darley House, Derby. 


_ Mackie, John, Cliffe House, Crigglestone, near Wakefield, and Watford Villa, 
New Mills, Stockport. 

_ Madan, Rey. Nigel, West Hallam. 

_ Mallalieu, W., Swallows’ Rest, Ockbrook. 

Marsden, George, Wirksworth, 

_ Massey, Rev. J. C., South Normanton, Alfreton. 

‘Mason, Rey. G. E., The Rectory, Whitwell. 

_ Meakin, E. J., Spondon, Derby. 

: _ Mello, Rey. J. M., The Rectory, Brampton S. Thomas, Chesterfield. 
_ Mellor, Rev. T. Vernon, Idridgehay Vicarage, Derby. 

 Meynell, Godfrey F., Meynell Langley, Derby. 

‘Milligan, Colonel, Cauldwell Hall, Burton-on-Trent. 

_ Mills, Henry, 2, S. Peter’s Street, Derby. 

“a ‘Milnes, Rey. Herbert, The Vicarage, Winster. 

Molineux, Rey. C. H., S. James’s Parsonage, Derby. 

“Monkhouse, Henry, Irongate, Derby. 

Morley, Henry, London Road, Derby. 

-*Mundy, Meynell, 38, Green Park, Bath. 

Mundy, Edward Miller, Shipley Hall. 

‘Mundy, F. Noel, Markeaton Hall. 


Naylor, T. R., 50, Friar Gate, Derby. 
_ Needham, E. M., The Cedars, Belper. 
_ Newdigate, Colonel F. W., West Hallam, Derby. 


XV1 LIST OF MEMBERS. 


Newton, C. E., The Manor House, Mickleover. 
Norfolk, His Grace the Duke of, Arundel Castle. 


Oakes, T. H., Riddings House. 

Oakes, C. H., Holly Hurst, Riddings. 
Oldham, Rev. J., Clay Cross, Chesterfield. 
Oliver, John, Wardwick, Derby. P 
Olivier, Rev. Alfred, Normanton, Derby. 
Osmaston, John, Osmaston Manor. 


*Paget, Joseph, Stuffynwood, Mansfield. 

Parkinson, Rev. J. R. S,, Shelbourne, Nova Scotia. 
Parry, Captain, Mickleover. 

Peacock, T. F., 12, South Square, Gray’s Inn, London. 
Pegler, L. H., Stonebroom, Alfreton. 

Portland, His Grace The Duke of, Welbeck, Notts. 
Pountain, Major, Barrow-on-Trent. 

Prince, Paul, Madeley Street, Rose Hill, Derby. 

Pym, G. Radford, The Yews, Belper. 


Ratcliff, Robert, Newton Park, Burton-on-Trent. 

Redfern, James, Etwall. 

Rickard, John, Inglefield, Leigham Court Road, Streatham, S.W. 
Rhodes, Thomas, Mersey Bank, Hadfield, near Manchester. 
Robinson, F. J., Friar Gate, Derby. 

Rollinson, S., 49, Sheffield Road, Chesterfield. 

*Rutland, His Grace the Duke of, K.G., Belvoir Castle. 


Sale, W. H., The Uplands, Burton Road, Derby. 

Sankay, W. H., Midland Road, Derby. 

Scarsdale, The Right Hon. Lord, Kedleston, 

*Schwind, Charles, Broomfield, Derby. 

Seely, Charles, Junr., Sherwood Lodge, Nottingham. 

Shaw, John, Normanton House, Derby. 

Sheffield, G., S. James’s Chambers, Derby. 

Sheldon, T. G., Congleton, Cheshire. 

Shuttleworth, John Spencer Ashton, Hathersage Hall, Sheffield. 
Sleigh, John, Eversley, Matlock. 

Small, George, Duffield Road, Derby. 

Smith, F. N., The Outwoods, Duffield, Derby. 

Smith, Wm. J., Dove Cliff, Burton-on-Trent. 

Smith, Rev. D., Sandiacre, Notts. 

Smith, Storer, Lea Hurst, Cromford. 

Spilsbury, Rev. B. W., Findern, Derby. 

Staley, The Right Rey. Bishop, Croxall Vicarage, Lichfield. 


LIST OF MEMBERS. 


Stewart, Rev. R., The Rectory, Pleasley. 
Stephenson, M., Molescroft Cottage, Beverley. 
Storer, Charles John, Market Place, Derby. 
Story, J. Somes, Market Place, Derby. 

Stowell, Rev. Hugh, Breadsall Rectory. 

Strick, Richard, Portland, Alfreton. 

*Strutt, The Hon. Frederick, Milford House, Derby. 
Strutt, Herbert G., Makeney, Belper. 
Sutherland, George, Arboretum Square, Derby. 
Sutton, Edward, Shardlow Hall. 

Swann, Rey. Kirke, Forest Hill, Warsop. 
Swanwick, F., Whittington, Chesterfield. 
Symons, Hy., Ashburne Road, Derby. 


Taylor, Wm. Grimwood, 83, Friar Gate, Derby. 
Taylor, A. G., Grove Terrace, Derby. 

Taylor, Mrs. A. G., Grove Terrace, Derby. 
Tempest, J., Duffield. _ 
Tinkler, S., Derwent Street, Derby. 
Thorniwell, Robert, The Abbey, Burton-on-Trent. 
‘ Towle, R. N., Borrowash, Derby. 

_ Trotter, Rev. J. G., Church Street, Ashburne. 

_ Trowsdale, Thos. B., Sevenoaks, Kent. 

_ Trubshaw, Chas., 3, Grove Terrace, Derby. 

_ Trueman, H., The Lea, Esher, Surrey. 

_ Turbutt, W. Gladwyn, Ogston Hall. 

Turner, George, Parrow-on-Trent. 


_ Ussher, Richard, 10, Augusta Gardens, Folkestone. 
_ Vernon, Right Hon. The Lord, Sudbury. 


Wadham, Rev. J., Weston-on-Trent. 
; : Waite, R., Duffield, Derby. 

Walker, John, Old Uttoxeter Road, Derby. 
WwW alker, Benjamin, Spondon, Derby. 
‘Wallis, Alfred, “Derby Mercury,” Derby. 
*Walthall, H. W., Alton Manor. 
‘Wardell, Stewart, Doe Hill House, Alfreton. 
Wass, E. M., The Lea, Matlock. 
Waterpark, The Right Hon. Lord, Doveridge. 
ebb, William, M.D., Wirksworth. 
ston, W. Harvey, Grove Terrace, Derby. 
Vhitehead, S. Taylor, Burton Closes, Bakewell. 
iams, J., Midland Railway, Derby. 


Stapleton, Rev. M., The Rectory, Barlborough, Chesterfield. 


XVil 


XVlil LIST OF MEMBERS. 


Wilmot, Miss, 28, Westbourne Place, Eaton Square, London. 
*Wilmot, Sir Henry, Bart., V.C., C.B., M.P., Chaddesden Hall. 
Wilmot, Rev. F. E. W., Chaddesden. 

Wilmot-Horton, Rev. G., 10, Warrior Square Terrace, St. Leonards-on-Sea. 
Wilmot, Mrs. Edmund, Edge Hill, Derby. 

Wilmot, Mrs. Woollett, Friar Gate, Derby. 

Wilson, Arthur, Melbourne. ” 

Woods, Sir Albert, Garter King-at-Arms, College of Arms, London. 
Worsnop, James, Charnwood Street, Derby. 

Wright, Jas., Victoria Street, Derby. 

Wright, F. Beresford, Aldercar Hall, Notts. 

Wright, F. W., Full Street, Derby. 


N.B.—Members are requested to notify any error or omission in the above 
list to the Hon. Sec. 


XIX 


REPORT OF THE HON. SECRETARY, 
1881. 


—_——_>-~»0e = 


SYIHE Third Anniversary of this Society was held in the 
al School of Art, kindly lent by the Committee for the 
occasion, on the 26th of January, 1881. The Very 

Rev. The Dean of Lichfield presided. The Report of the 
- Society’s proceedings for the past year, including a satisfactory 
balance sheet, and showing a considerable increase in the number 
of Members, was read. 

The Officers for the year commencing were elected. There 
were three vacancies on the Council, owing to the death of Mr. 
_ Parkin and the resignation of the Rev. A. Olivier and Mr. W. G. 
- Turbutt. The Council had provisionally filled up these vacancies, 
and the general meeting now confirmed the election of Messrs. 
E. Cooling, T. W. Charlton, and J. Gallop. The Members of 
Council retiring under Rule V., together with the other Officers, 
_ were re-elected. 

_ At the close of the meeting the Dean said—I observe that 
your Society is not only for archeological studies, but also for 
natural history pursuits, and these two terms appear to me to 
embrace every conceivable kind of knowledge which can be 
entered upon by any society at all. It opens a very wide range 
of investigation. When I was asked to undertake the honourable 
Office assigned me to-day, I naturally thought of the position that 
Derbyshire occupies in the country. I thought of the natural 
formation of the county, and also, looking at the geology of the 


xx REPORT. 


district, I could not help remembering how singularly fortunate 
you in Derbyshire are, compared with us in Staffordshire. Thanks 
to the nature of the rocks, you certainly have in Derbyshire the 
most beautiful scenery. I do not mean to compare it with the 
districts of the great mountain ranges of the land, but you cer- 
tainly have the most beautiful scenery of central England. This 
is due to the volcanic forces that in early times lifted up the 
mountain limestone and the millstone grit, and this produced the 
grand scenery of Buxton, and those picturesque gorges which go 
to make up the natural charms of Matlock. You have also the 
development of the new red sandstone, that runs across the land 
from south to north-east. I cannot help considering these cir- 
cumstances when I come to regard the buildings and architecture 
of the county. In comparing your county with Staffordshire, I 
have been struck with the fact of how much we have lost—and 
I may instance ecclesiastical buildings—through the perishable 
nature of our material. To refer to my own cathedral, it has 
suffered not merely from Puritan violence in the seventeenth 
century, but also from the perishable nature of the rock of which 
the cathedral is built. You are more highly favoured in that you 
have close at hand more endurable materials in millstone grit and 
mountain limestone, of which many of your churches are com- 
posed, and the result is this very interesting fact connected with 
the architecture of Derbyshire, that you have—as my friend Mr. 
Charles Cox has pointed out in his admirable volumes on the 
Churches of Derbyshire—what we have not in Staffordshire—very 
rich examples of every kind and period of architecture, from the 
Saxon down to the latest Perpendicular. We have not anything 
like the same range of interesting buildings in Staffordshire, and 
this is owing to the cause to which I have alluded. Another 
circumstance to which my attention was turned, was this: at the 
time of the Norman Conquest there was not one single conventual 
building in the county of Derby. There had been one at Repton, 
‘but you will remember that had been destroyed in the Dano- 
Anglian wars, so that at the time of the Conquest there was not a 
single conventual building in Derbyshire. You had collegiate 


REPORT. xxi 


churches, but not a conventual building. It has occurred to me 
since that perhaps this may be due in some measure to the cir- 
cumstance that the influence of the Celtic Church was especially 
powerful in this part of the great Mercian kingdom. The in- 
fluence of the Celtic Church seems more to have been directed 
towards spreading Christianity and developing the Church from 
great centres, than by means of monastic establishments. This 
was the system of St. Chad, whose cathedral was not in any sense 
a conventual building. It was simply a cathedral establishment 
with a bishop at its head. The Dean concluded by bearing 
testimony to the value of such societies as the Archzeological 
Society in preserving from mutilation churches which were not 
only temples of Almighty God, but national monuments, in the 
preservation of which they were all concerned (Hear, hear). 
They were also useful in rescuing relics of the past in the midst 
of what might be called a ‘ destructive ”’ 
a study of the past, which showed them God’s wondrous dealings 
with His Church in time past, and inspired them with hopes of 
what was to come (Applause). 
During the past year there have been, including those specially 
summoned, eight meetings of the Council, at which the attendance 
of a fair proportion of the elected members has been very regular. 
This year the Council is indebted to ¢hree instead of two Vice- 
Presidents, for their assistance in its work. 
In the early part of the year it was decided that a seal should 
_ be engraved for use in the official communications of the Society. 
_ A design was accordingly prepared, approved by the Council, 
and is now in use. An Index for the volumes of the Journal 
already published has also been prepared, and will be supplied to 
_ Members this day ; in future, the volumes will be indexed as they 
come out. The wooden effigy belonging to the Church of All 
Saints, Derby, has been sent to London to undergo a special 
treatment for hardening and preserving the decaying wood. 
Members will be glad to learn that the result so far is reported 
quite successful, and it is hoped that this most interesting 


age, and in promoting 


XXli REPORT. 


A winter general meeting of the Society was held in March, 
when Mr. Heath read a paper upon the “ Pleistocene Mammalia 
of Derbyshire ;’ and the Rey. William Hope one upon “ Derby 
in 1781 as compared with Derby in 1881.” Both these papers 
appear in another part of the journal. 

The first expedition of the Society for the past year was held 
on the 28th of May, to Crich and Winfield. The party, in 
number about eighty, left Derby by the 1.35 p.m. train for 
Whatstandwell, from which station they drove or walked to Crich 
Church, where they were received by the Rev. H. Wright 
(curate), and Mr. Greenhough. Mr. Greenhough conducted the 
party over the church, and read a paper descriptive of its archi- 
tectural and antiquarian features, pointing out the various points 
of interest. The party then walked to Winfield Manor. Owing 
to the unavoidable absence, at the last moment, of the Rev. 
J. Charles Cox, who was to have read a paper, Mr. J. D. 
Leader, F.S.A., kindly delivered an impromptu address upon 
the historical associations of the Manor House. Tea was taken 
at the Manor Hotel, after which the Church of South Winfield 
was visited on the way to Winfield station, whence the party 
returned to Derby, the Midland Railway Company having 
kindly sent the special saloon carriages round from the other 
line. 

The next expedition was held on August the 6th, to Bolsover 
and Hardwick. The party, in number about eighty, left Derby 
by the 10.23 train for Chesterfield. The Church and the 
Stephenson Hall were first inspected ; the party then lunched at 
the Station Hotel, after which they proceeded in breaks to 
Bolsover Castle, which was thrown open to their inspection by 
Mrs. Hamilton Gray. The church was next visited, and its 
various objects of interest pointed out and explained by the 
Vicar, the Rev. T. C. Hills. The party then drove to Hardwick, 
which was thrown open to their inspection by permission of the 
Marquis of Hartington. 

The following interesting paper was then read by the Rev. 
H. Cottingham, R.D., vicar of Heath, who kindly piloted the 


REPORT. Xxiil 


party through the hall, and explained the various objects of 
interest :— 
Ladies and Gentlemen,—In a letter from Lord Byron to the 


- Rev. Francis Hodgson, vicar of Bakewell, and afterwards Arch- 


deacon of Derby, he says :—‘*I do not think the composition of 
your poem a sufficient reason for not keeping your promise of a 
Christmas visit. Why not come? I will not disturb you in your 
moments of inspiration ; and if you wish to collect any material 
for the scenery, Hardwick is not eight miles distant, and, 
independent of the interest you must take in it as the vindicator 
of Mary Queen of Scots, is a most beautiful and venerable object 
of curiosity.” Nearly 73 years have passed since those words 
were written; but the circumstance of so large and intelli- 
gent an assembly being present here to-day, is a proof to me, 
if any were wanting, that the interest in Hardwick has not abated 
since Byron’s time; and I therefore feel encouraged to offer a 
few remarks in compliance with Mr. Cox’s wish, and they shall 
be as brief as possible, bearing on the history of the place, and 
the objects of interest contained in it. Of its early history I will 
only say that in the year 1203, King John conveyed the manor 
of Hardwick to Andrew de Beauchamp, and 55 years, after it 
passed to William de Steynesby, who held it by the annual render 
of three pounds of cinnamon and one of pepper. John de 
Steynesby, grandson of William, died possessed of it in 1330. 
Soon afterwards the family of Hardwick were established here, 
and held the estate for six generations. John Hardwick, the 
last heir male, was living in 1561, and dying without issue, the 
estate passed into the hands of his third sister and co-heiress, 
Elizabeth Hardwick, of whom Queen Elizabeth said, ‘* There ys 


_no Lady yn thys land that I better love and lyke.”” This remark- 


able woman was four times married: first to Robert Barley, 
Esq, of Barley, in the county of Derby, a young gentleman of 
large estates, all of which he settled absolutely upon his young 
wife ; secondly, to Sir William Cavendish, of Cavendish, in 
Suffolk, by whom she had six children ; thirdly, to Sir William 
St. Loe, Captain of the Guard to Queen Elizabeth, whose large 


XXIV REPORT. 


estates in Gloucestershire were settled upon her; and fourthly, 
to the then greatest subject of the realm, George Talbot, Earl of 
Shrewsbury, whom she survived 17 years. Hardwick. passed to 
the descendants of her second husband, Sir William Cavendish, 
and is now the seat of the Marquis of Hartington. The two 
buildings which are the objects of your visit to-day, and which 
present so striking a feature in the landscape, are of stone 
quarried from the rock on which they stand. The more ancient 
of them was probably not erected any great length of time before 
the present mansion ; but of the person who built it, undoubtedly 
one of the Hardwicks, we have no account. The central part is 


the oldest, the two ends of the building of the date of Henry 


VIII. being additions to it. One stately room may yet be seen, 
though in a very dilapidated condition, which has long been 
considered by architects a good specimen of grand proportions ; 
and we have the authority of Bishop Kennet for saying ‘‘ that it 
was on that account thought fit for the pattern of a room in the 
palace of Blenheim.” A short passage connects this room with 
another, probably the drawing-room, over the fireplace of which 
was this inscription :— 


“ As fainting stagge the water-brooks desireth, 
Even so my soule the livinge Lord requireth.” 


The old hall was standing entire until the time of William IIL., 
when a great part of it was pulled down, and the timber used in 
the new buildings at Chatsworth. A short distance from the 
house in which the Countess was born, and which she left 
standing, ‘‘ as if intending to construct her bed of state close to 
her cradle,” is the present mansion, a magnificent relic of the 
Elizabethan age, and the building of which was commenced about 
the year 1576, and not finished until after 1607. Its exterior, as 
you will readily testify, is extremely imposing, and is of the style 
of architecture which prevailed in the last years of Queen 
Elizabeth and the first of James I. Horace Walpole selected 
Hardwick as an example. He remarked that “in ancient times 
the mansions of the nobility were built for defence and strength 
rather than for convenience. The walls thick ; the windows pierced 


REPORT. XXV 


wherever it was necessary for them to look abroad, instead of 
being contrived for symmetry, or to illuminate the chambers. 
To that style succeeded the richness and delicacy of the Gothic. 
As that declined, before Grecian taste was established, space and 
vastness seem to have made up their whole ideas of grandeur. 
This house, erected in the reign of Elizabeth by the memorable 
Countess of Shrewsbury, is exactly in this style. The apartments, 
especially the entrance hall, the presence chamber, and the great 
gallery—the latter extending nearly the whole length of the 
house—are, as you will see, large and lofty. ‘The windows, 
filled with small diamond-shaped panes of glass, letting in floods 
of light, so that, as Lord Bacon remarked, when speaking of this 
peculiarity, ‘‘one cannot tell where to become to be out of the 
sun or cold,” are so numerous, that the old saying in the neigh- 
bourhood, 


Hardwick Hall, 

More glass than wall, 

is literally true ; and nothing can present a more fairy-like 
appearance than Hardwick does when the setting sun throws its — 
last rays upon it and lights it up with splendour. To identify 
the name of the architect who designed the plan and super- 
intended the building of this house is, in the absence of positive 
proof, no easy matter; but Huntingdon Smithson, who was 
afterwards engaged as the architect of Bolsover Castle, as well as 
of Wollaton Hall, has a probable claim to it. In going through 
the house, you will observe that the chimney-pieces in almost 
every rooin, as at Bolsover Castle, are very fine, being larger, as 
arule, and of better execution than those in the old hall. The 
one in the dining-room is much decorated ; and in letters of gold 
you are admonished that the ‘“ Conclvsion of all Thinges is to 
_feare God and Keepe His Commandementes.” In the Presence 
Chamber are the Royal arms, which seem to indicate that when 
the house was built the Countess intended to receive the Queen 
in one of her royal progresses. Above the fire-place in the 
Library is a piece of sculpture representing Apollo and the Nine 
Muses. On one side are the arms of Queen Elizabeth, and on 


XXV1 REPORT. 


the other her initialk—E. R.—in a knot and crowned. This fine 
group is supposed to have been presented to the Countess of 
Shrewsbury by the Queen, and it has, therefore, been appro- 
priately placed in its present position. I must, in passing, 
call your attention to the tapestry, which is not, perhaps, 
excelled by that of any other house in the kingdom. In 
the entrance hall and on the grand staircase it is com- 
paratively modern, the subjects of it being mostly taken from 
pictures by Rubens and Snyders. In other parts of the 
house it is of a date long anterior to it, as in the drawing- 
room for instance, where it represents the story of Esther and 
Ahasuerus, and in the Presence Chamber the history of Ulysses. 
The tapestry in this room is from Beauvais, and of great value. 
In the gallery it is still more ancient, bearing the date of 1428. 
But the tapestry in one part of the staircase, judging from the 
costume of the figures and treatment of the subjects, is probably 
even of an earlier period, and is very rare. The specimens of 
needlework scattered throughout the house are numerous, the 
most interesting being those which bear the monogram of the 
Countess of Shrewsbury and the oft-recurring initials of Mary 
Stuart. Other objects which will engage your attention are the 
Tudor chairs, the ancient cabinets, and the curiously carved and 
inlaid chests, one having the initials G. S., showing that it 
- belonged to George Earl of Shrewsbury. A few of the cabinets 
and side tables have been drawn and published in Shaw’s Book 
of “Specimens of Ancient Furniture,’ and deserve a careful 
inspection. But perhaps the object of greatest interest is a long 
table in the Presence Chamber, inlaid with representations of 
musical instruments, playing cards, chess and backgammon 
boards, and music with the notes familiar to those who are 
acquainted with the old style of writing it. The specimens of 
old furniture and tapestry, and the curious door leading into the 
Presence Chamber, with its highly-wrought lock, probably the 
work of some Nuremberg artist, formed part of the decorating of 
the old house. Of the many pictures at Hardwick, the most 
interesting are those of the period of the Countess herself. Here 


REPORT. XXVli 


is one of the unfortunate Mary Stuart, who for seventeen years 
was in the custody of the Earl of Shrewsbury. It is a full length 
in a mourning habit, with a white cap and gauze veil peculiar to 
her, taken in the thirty-sixth year of her age, and the tenth of her 
captivity, and bearing the date of 1578. It has been asserted 
that Mary Stuart never was at Hardwick, and I am not prepared 
to say that she spent any length of time here; but that she occa- 
sionally came on a visit with the Earl and Countess I fully 
believe, and there is no evidence that I know of to prove the 
contrary. There are several pictures of the Countess taken at 
different periods of her life, and one in particular, where she 
appears in a black dress, with a string of five or six rows of pearls 
hanging over it, will claim your attention. Left for the fourth 
time a widow, she spent the latter part of her long life in building ; 
and the work she accomplished is indicated by the original ac- 
counts, which show that not a penny was expended without the 
sanction of her own name. The Countess was afflicted with what 
is often called a ‘building mania ;” and Horace Walpole men- 
tions a prediction believed in the neighbourhood, that the 
Countess would not die so long as she continued to build. In 
an old parchment roll of the events which occurred in the county 
of Derby, is this record :—‘‘ 1607. The old Countess of Shrews- 
bury died about Candlemas—a great frost this year.” So the 
masons could not work, and the end came. She died at Hard- 
wick, and was buried in the church of All Hallows, Derby, where 
a fine mural monument with recumbent figure, erected in her 
lifetime, marks the place of her interment. Another interesting 
character, whose early life was spent at Hardwick, is the unfor- 
tunate granddaughter of the Countess of Shrewsbury, the Lady 
Arabella Stuart. Unknown to her husband, the Countess had 
married her favourite daughter, Elizabeth Cavendish, to Lord 
Lennox, younger brother of the murdered Darnley, and conse- 
quently standing in the same degree of relationship to the Crown. 
The Queen, in her consternation, ordered the old Countess to 
the Tower, from which she was afterwards released only to meet 
with another grief. The young Lady Lennox, while yet in all her 


XXVill REPORT. 


bridal bloom, died in the arms of her mother, and left an infant 
daughter, Arabella Stuart, whose picture you will see as a child 
with a doll in her hand. There is no evidence that Lady Shrews- 
bury indulged in any ambitious schemes for this favourite grand- 
child, ‘her dear jewel, Arbell,” as she terms her. On the con- 
trary, she kept her in seclusion at Hardwick, lest the Queen 
should rob her of her treasure. You remember her end. She 
became attached to Sir Wm. Seymour, the second son of Lord 
Beauchamp, and deciding to unite her destiny with his, took the 
dangerous step, and from that moment the dooin of Arabella was 
sealed. She was shortly afterwards imprisoned, and died a maniac 
in the Tower. If I may detain you a few minutes longer, it will 
be to remind you of another person whose history is bound up 
with that of Hardwick—I mean Thomas Hobbes, of Malmesbury, 
the friend of the poet Cowley and the learned Selden. His 
portrait, which you will shortly see, is most characteristic, con- 
veying the idea of a truthful likeness of the great philosopher. 
He became tutor to the Earls of Devonshire when 20 years of 
age, and never afterwards left them. Although the author of 
many books, he was a professed enemy to reading, on which 
subject he was accustomed to say, “that if he had read as much 
as others, he should be as ignorant as they were.” Towards the 
close of his life he was unwilling to be left alone; and his patron, 
the Earl of Devonshire, removing from Chatsworth to Hardwick, 
the old man, though extremely ill at the time, requested he might 
be carried with him. He bore the journey without much incon- 
venience, but in a few days afterwards he lost the use of speech 
and of his right arm, and in December, 1679, he died in his gist 
year, and was buried in the parish church of Hault Hucknall. 
And now, ladies and gentlemen, as you have but little time to 
spare, I will not detain you by any further remarks on the history 
of Hardwick, and the objects of interest connected with it, but 
reserve them until you pass through the house, when every step 
you take will remind you of departed greatness, and forcibly bring 
before you scenes of other days. I shall indeed be glad if, when 
you leave Hardwick, you carry away with you impressions, which, 


REPORT, Xxix 


in after times, will pleasantly reserve the memories of this day’s 
visit to it. 

Tea was taken at the Hardwick Inn, after which the party drove 
to Chesterfield, and returned to Derby by the 8.7 p.m. train. 

A third expedition to Wilne and Sawley was arranged for 
September 7th, but as not ten names were sent in to the Hon. 
Sec. of members proposing to join the expedition, it was post- 
poned. 

A winter general meeting of the Society was also unavoidably 
postponed, at the last moment, on account of the illness of the 
gentleman who had promised to read a paper. In the month of 
October, a barrow in North Derbyshire was opened, under the 
auspices of several members of the Society, but with no results 
of interest. There are other barrows in the county, which it is 
hoped may be examined before long with more successful returns. 

During the past year your Council has exerted itself to influence 
for good more than one proposed “‘ restoration” in the County. 
With what results in the now notorious case of Hope Chancel, 
the paper specially devoted to this subject in another part of the 
Journal will show. But another example of Vandalism is even 
closer to us ; in November, the Council was specially summoned 
**to consider the work of Vandalism now in progress on the 
north aisle of the Church of S. Peter.” It was reported to this 
meeting that the act of Vandalism complained of was the 
plastering over of the decayed stonework with unsightly 
patches of Roman cement! The result of this meeting 
was that a Special Committee was formed to meet the 
Churchwardens of S. Peter’s with a view to discussing some 
possible modification of their plan. The Churchwardens declined 
to meet this Committee, and asked for a statement in writing of 
the Society’s suggestions. In answer, the Council informed the 
Churchwardens wherein lay the defections to the work at S. 
Peter’s as already done, suggested an improved plan, and offered 
further advice if desired. In reply, the Churchwardens of S. 
Peter’s say “they cannot see their way to carry out the suggestions 
of the Council of the D. A. and N. H. S., unless the Council is 


XXX REPORT. 


prepared to undertake the cost!” It cannot be too deeply 
deplored that the fabric of the only really old Church in Derby 
must suffer from such wanton maltreatment, simply from the 
want of a little energy and care to do what is done in the right 
way. 

The fourth Vol. of the Society’s Journal, now ready for dis- 
tribution, will be found to contain many papers of interest; not 
least important among them is the Sacrist’s Roll of Lichfield 
Cathedral, a.D. 1345. When the close connection between many 
of the Peak Churches and the Dean and Chapter of Lichfield is 
borne in mind, Members will not require any further explanation 
for the publication in our Journal of so valuable a document. 

The accompanying Balance Sheet will be found satisfactory ; 
it would be more so, if annual subscriptions were more punctually 
paid. Will Members kindly recollect to pay up, when they get 
notice, which a good many soon will, of arrears ? 

The Society’s library continues to increase; three vols. of 
the Archeologia Cantiana have lately been received in exchange 
for our Journal. 

Numerically we have not increased much, but our progress is 
steady if slow, and we have lost no fewer than fourteen during 
the past year from death and other causes. The Council con- 
tinues to be satisfied with the results of the Society's fourth year 
of proceedings. 

ARTHUR COX, 
Mill Hill, Derby, Hon. Sec. 
January 2oth. 


XXxX1 


BALANCE SHEET. 


‘zggi ‘HIP AUVANV[ 
"GONVNIQ dO ‘OAS “NOH 
‘qavo SaWvt ‘Dd 


*‘SuOLIGNYW ‘as 


‘zggt ‘aufz Auvanv[ 
‘NIVINAOd ‘f : 
NOHMNOW “AH 
“224402 punof puv paumuvxgy 


0 o OliF o o oli 
o oO oS Per ceeUec Uae Reee ema RSy ASU SUCCES Coe S Seu E Raa Nae eR Sa}eyy oO fe) L Vane budes baad tun sdnae CUS HUR SHDN USOC Reps CuERe tev ee ChE OS aouryeg 
uonviodiog Aqua, esvd}Ioy (1gg1) euseauT Pe a (21) 1ggt ‘seagq souLNUy 
oO re) oziI Peewee een ents eeeeesaee $o}8y uonviodi09 Aqioq oO ¢ ¢ wee eeeescerscosseeseseeeees (1) IggI “ce oe 
5 uo aSeSyoyy ur ‘oggi ‘1€ ‘oaq7 0} dn paysaauy o Sr PSr ** Oggi 0} Sddq sOUBIJUM pue suorjtsodwod ayvT 
p's si a 
‘LNNOOOV LNAWLSAANI 
€ Lr LgzF € Lr Lozf 
oI ZI oft Se pee CO dee ce meme Se tescas ees tageusiaseena essa ee cen cee oourreg 
re) & Zz wee eee eee eseseeeessereeeeee "99S ‘UofT jo spury ul yseg 
9 COT oh Hep i aati a SOR CU i is ie yoog anbeyd 
9 L Agee Rahn ses 2? CeCe In BS (syures Irv) AB 0} suvdoy Zz 61 v was haw CODCADenPeD Ves ESC eS aCRS OR ACES SOS (adv5}10]{) yso19}U 
00 os iva vaued (uonvaodi0g Aqua asded}10]{) JUaUIISOAUT fe} S S Cc awke cbsebiacd PERSO Ecos Senn ss mashes tem sjeumof oI jo aes 
re) 91 16 PUTT TTR yeuarnof sunuug fe) VI Iv eee eeserseeeeeseeeeee suordiosqng pue sao s0uvIyUg 
si Il v eee ee eee e eee eeeee sosuadxq [ejueprouy pur sosvjsog I 61 cer wececen acess Poe eee epEeresouree Oggi 4s1£ ‘aq ‘Qouveg 
‘pa ee ‘ad ALIGNAdX | ‘Diesen *sLd1AOaY 


“INNOOOV IWYSAN3SD 


‘1g9gt UAAWAOAC Asif ‘SLNNODOV AO LINANWALVLS 


‘KLHIDOS AYOLSIH TVHYNLYN ONY TVOIDOTOWHOUY AYIHSAPUAG 


ra 


PrIysxaod, “woungh -<eoetro Ur 


Soarm sig aan anpeteyent|y AuOyLEY MIS KO SSwug ayy, 


qe yu sating sina uff rua faerie 


2 saan 40 wigs > saanjoqtb na 


op mona ey = mfgen aeoby ug can 2 en 
yAINEAED gy < S variou db qyp-aomam, 
rue jam aa pe 


-— === 


——= 


=. 


Hampltall ume gh 
SS = 


eone ok te Zatoaf oF 


ae 


7 


Fue benche sud ometome 


i = er: 
es > 


PY Sw yy meh y 
W ginjud yen oGjon 499 hh 
v 


ARID JAYS Ie wYWYS. 
-m3yN)0) ah any Spi ay x 


uty INU 3B 
TW punta rnb tnjoy oaqvy 294 


A 


DERBYSHIRE AARCHLOLOGICAL 


AND 


NATURAL plistory DOCIETY, 


FisbDBervbert and other Charters. 


EDITED BY THE Rey. REGINALD H. C. FirzHERBERT. 


“mY HE twenty-two ancient deeds hereafter printed, were 
lately presented to Sir William FitzHerbert, of Tissing- 
ton, Bart., by Fitzherbert Widdrington (zé Jacson), of 


Bewton Hall, Alnwick, Esq., grandson of the Rev. Roger Jacson, 
_of Bebington, to whom Richard Fitzherbert, of Somersal, the last 
heir male of his family, left all his real and personal estates in 
1803. 


_ The text, which is much contracted throughout these deeds, 
has been transcribed in extended form ; but in a few cases where 


- the full form of the words was doubtful they are copied literatim. 


Nos. 1, 5, and 6-12 are dated conjecturally by the officials 


at the P.R.O. and B.M. No. 5 has, perhaps, been assigned a 
“date somewhat too early. 


The letters u and v are transcribed as they occur in the deeds ; 


but the peculiar use of i and j has not been adhered to in tran- 
scription. 


VOL. 4 


N 


2 FITZHERBERT AND OTHER CHARTERS. 


No. 1. Grant of land in Wirke, by Peter, son of William le 
sureys, to his sister Matilda. 


Date— Temp. Edw. I. (1272— 1307). 


“‘Sciant presentes et futuri quod Ego Petrus filius Willelmi le sureys de 
Wirke dedi concessi et hac presenti Carta mea Confirmaui Matilde sorori 
mee pro homagio et seruicio suo vnam dimidiam acram terre arabilis et 
dimidiam Rodam In Campo de Wirke videlicet dimidiam acram terre 
Jacentem In hopton Dale Juxta terram quam Ricardus filius Ricardi 
trusseloue quondam tenuit et Jacet ex parte occidentali et dimidiam 
Rodam terre Jacentem in Dale dicta Inter terram quam sampson Cap- 
pellanus quondam tenuit et terram quam Adam ad _ fon (?) tem aliquando 
tenuit. Tenendum et habendum de me et heredibus meis sibi et heredibus 
suis uel assignatis suis et eorum heredibus In feodo et hereditate libere 
quiete plenarie et Integre cum omnibus pertinenciis suis libertatibus liberis 
communis et Aysiamentis ad illam terram pertinentibus. keddendo Inde 
annuatim mihi et heredibus meis vnum obolum In festo Natalis domini 
pro omni seruicio et demanda. Et Ego Petrus et heredes mei predictam 
terram vt predictum est predicte Matilde et heredibus suis uel assignatis 
suis et eorum heredibus Contra omnes Gentes pro predicto seruicio Imper- 
petuum Warantizabimus et adquietabimus. vt autem hec mea donacio et 
Carte mee confirmacio Rata maneat et stabilis. presenti Carte sigillum 
meum apposui. Hiis Testibus Roberto filio HerWici de Wirke Nicholas 
filio Walteri de eadem Roberto filio Gilberti de eadem Ranulpho supra 
petras de eadem Willelmo Godmon clerico et aliis.” 


In good condition. Seal wanting. 
Membrane ro x 3} inches. 10} lines. 


No. 2. Grant of Land by Matilda, widow of John Palkocke de 
Eyhsbury, to Philip de Eyhsbury, rector of Braundiston. 


Dated—ist Nov., 1287. 


‘*Sciant presentes et futuri quod ego Matilda quondam vxor Johannis 
Palkocke de Eyhsbury in viduitate et libera potestate mea remisi relaxaui et 
omnino pro me et heredibus meis quiete clamaui domino Philippo de Eyhsbury 
Rectori ecclesie de Braundiston totum jus meum et clamium quod habui uel 
aliquo jure habere potui nomine dotis uel donacionis seu ex omni alia 
quacumque causa in omnibus terris et tenementis cum omnimodis suis perti- 
nenciis que vel quas predictus Philippus et Willelmus frater ejus habuerunt ex 
dono et uendicione predicti Johannis Palkocke quondam mariti mei in villis_ et 


= 


FITZHERBERT AND OTHER CHARTERS. 3 


territoriis de WyrkisWorthe. Middilton. Hopton. Crumforde. et Stepul cum 
homagiis Redditibus. releuiis. eschaetis. natiuis et eorem sequelis. et omnibus 
aliis ad terras et tenementa predicta pertinentibus sine aliquo impedimento mei 
uel meorum. Tenendum et habendum dicto domino Philippo et heredibus 
suis et assignatis suis et eorum heredibus libere quiete integre et pacifice in 
perpetuum. Ita videlicet qe (quippe?) nec ego dicta Matilda nec heredes mei 
seu assignati nec aliquis nomine nostro jus uel clamium in predictis terris et 
tenementis seu aliquibus aliis prenominatis et antescriptis exigemus demanda- 
bimus nec venditare poterimus. In cujus rei testimonium presenti quiete 
clamacioni sigillum meum apposui. Hiis testibus. Domino Willelmo dicto 
Godmon tunc vicario ecclesie de Wyrke Willelmo filio Bate de eadem. 
Nicholao Trusseloue de eadem Rogero filio Nicholai de eadem Henrico de 
Crumforde Thoma filio ejusdem de eadem Henrico filio Thome de Hopton. 
Laurencio le Port’ de eadem. Willelmo de Derby capellano. Et aliis. Data aput 
Wyrke die omnium Sanctorum, anno gracie M.CC Octuagesimo Septimo.” 


In good condition. 
Membrane 8} x 53 inches. 16 lines. 
Seal injured—green wax—round—Z inch diam.—in centre two 
right hands, clasped, beneath a fleur de lys. 
Inscrip.—“S. MATILD- PALKOK.” 


No. 3. Grant of land by Adam ad fontem de Wyrkesworthe, to 
William Bate. 


Dated—8th Sept., 1295. 


“ Notum sit omnibus presens scriptum visuris uel audituris quod ego Adam 
ad fontem de WyrkesWorthe dimisi et ad firmam tradidi Willelmo dicto Bate 
de eadem Crofftum meum prout jacet pro prato inter decanum Lyncolniensem 
ex parte vna et Crofftum quem Ricardus de Aston tenuit ex altera in latitudine. 
in longitudine uero a pomario quod Willelmus de stepil tenuit de Me vsque in 
ductum. Tenendum et habendum de Me et heredibus Meis dicto Willelmo et 
I eredibus suis a festo Natiuitatis sancte Marie virginis. anno domini. M.CC. 
onogesimo quinto vsque ad terminum sex annorum totinue sequencium et 
plenarie completorum. libere quiete pacifice et integre cum omnibus pertinen- 
ciis libertatibus commoditatibus liberis que communis et aeysiamentis ad 
tantum tenementum pertinentibus in fata villa de Wyrke et extra. Pro qua uero 
dimissione ac tradicione totam firmam ab eodem Willelmo premanibus recepi. 
Et ego uero dictus adam et heredes mei dictum tenementum vt predictum est. 
dicto Willelmo et heredibus suis vsque ad finem termini predicti contra omnes 
gentes Warantizabimus aquietabimus et vbique defendemus. In cujus rei 


4 FITZHERBERT AND OTHER CHARTERS. 


testimonium presenti scripto sigillum Meum apposui. Hiis Testibus Domino 
Willelmo Godman vicario ecclesie de Wyrke. Willelmo de Crumforde 
Manente in eadem. Roberto kesteuene de eadem. Johanne Trosseloue de 
eadem. Johanne clerico et aliis.” 

In good condition. 

Membrane 63 x 44 inches. 15 lines. 

Seal perfect—brown wax—round—one inch diam.—in centre a 
monogram. Inscrip. round margin in capitals—“S:ADE AD 
FONTEM.” 

Indorsed—‘“‘ Adam ad fontem.” 


No. 4.—Indenture. Agreement between Isabella, widow of 
William FitzHerbert, and Richard her son. 


Dated—Feast of S. Martin. 50 Hen. III. (11th Nov., 1265.) 


** Anno Regni regis Henrici filii Regis Johannis Quinquagesimo ad festum 
Sancti Martini In hieme Ita conuenit Inter dominam Isabellam quondam 
vxorem Willelmi filii Herberti et Ricardum filium suum videlicet quod cum 
dictus Ricardus prius tradidisset Manerium de Thuycros cum pertinentiis 
predicte Isabelle ad terminum vite sue ipsa in viduitate sua predictum 
Manerium de Thuycros sibi retrotradidit cum omnibus suis pertinentiis ad 
terminnm vnius anni termino incipiente ad predictum terminum Sancti 
Martini Ita quod predictus Ricardus possit inde per totum annum sine ipsius 
impedimento commodum suum facere et tantum in fine anni dimittet seminatum 
quantum inuenit per visum uirorum Legalium saluis sibi bonis suis mobilibus 
et inmobilibus ibidem existentibus et sciendum est quod prenominatus Ricardus 
inuenit prefate Isabelle Robas sibi et familie sue cum Lineis vestibus cum 
vinginti solidis ad vnum capellanum sustinendum et totum in fine anni prefata 
Isabella predicto Ricardo soluet secundum quod racionabiliter monstrare 
poterit facienda tamen allocacione de blado in orreo inuento. Pretium 
frumenti et auene. sex denarios. busselli. et ordei. quinque. denarios. Non 
Licebit dicte Isabelle post annum finitum aliquid de dicto Manerio facere nisi 
prius predicto Ricardo satisfecerit de toto debito in quo sibi tenetur per 
rationabile compotum. et ad omnia ista fideliter facienda sepe dicta Isabella 
fide media se obligauit judicio quolibet foro et quod nullo tempore vite sue 
dictum Manerium de Thuycros nulli tradet nisi predicto Ricardo filio suo 
dummodo ipse tantum velit inde sibi facere.... . . alii viri fideles facere 
uoluerint. Pro hac autem tradicione predictus Ricardus Johannam filiam 


suam. Ricardo de Corson maritauit. In cujus rei testimonium partes preseuti 


FITZHERBERT AND OTHER CHARTERS. 5 


scripto ad modum cirograffi confecto alternatiue sigilla sua apposuerunt. Hiis 
testibus. Roberto rectore ecclesie de Norton Ricardo filio Roberti de Norton. 
Ricardo de Corson. Johanne de hatton. Roberto Warpeloc. Henrico fremon. 
et Aliis.” 


In good condition—one word eaten out by worm. 
Seals all wanting. 

Membrane 63 x5 inches. 4 dentes at top. 223 lines. 
Indorsed—* T'Wycros.” 


No. 5. “Grant of two Bovates of land in Somersale, by ‘ Hugo 
de Almunton,’ to Thomas, son of William Fitzherbert, of 
Somersale. 


Date—From Ric. I. to early in Hen. III. (1189—1230) 


**Omnibus Christi fidelibus ad quos presens scriptum peruenerit Hugo 
de Almunton salutem in domino sempiternam. Noueritis me concessisse et 
quiete clamasse Thome filio Willelmi filii herberti de Somersale domino 
meo et heredibus suis totum jus quod habui et clamium quod habere 
potui in duabus bouatis terre cum pertinenciis quas ab eo quondam tenui 
in feodo et hereditate in teritorio de Somersale. Ita uidelicet quod ego 
nec heredes mei aliquid juris uel clamii in predictis bouatis terre cum 
pertinenciis nec aliquis nomine nostro de cetero exhigere possimus. In 
cujus rei testimonium huic scripto sigillum meum apposui. hiis testibus. 
domino Willelmo de Montegomery. Willelmo de * Mey-a milite. domino 
Petro de Bakepuz. Roberto de segesale Waltero de bosco. Ricardo filio 
_herberti clerico et Aliis.” 


In good condition. Seal wanting. 
Membrane 6} x 3 inches. 8 lines. 
_ Indorsed—*‘ Somersall.” 


No. 6. Grant of land in Somersale, by Thomas, son of William 
Herebert, to the Abbey of S. Mary, Rocester. 
Date— Temp. Hen. III. (1216 —1272). 


“Omnibus presens scriptum visuris uel audituris Thomas filius Willelmi 
_ Hereberti de Somersale salutem in domino. Nouerit vniuersitas uestra 


* Between the y and the a there is a blotted letter,—I think the letter a. 


6 FITZHERBERT AND OTHER CHARTERS. 


me concessisse et hac presenti carta mea confirmasse deo et ecclesie 
Beate marie Roucester et Canonicis ibidem deo seruientibus quatuor acras 
terre cum pertinenciis In Somersale totam terram quam Ricardus_filius 
Symonis Bacun de me tenuit in territorio ibidem Habendum et tenendum de 
me et de heredibus meis sibi et successoribus suis libere et quiete pro octo 
denariis annuatim ad festum Sancti Michaelis ipsi et successores sui mihi et 
heredibus meis soluendis pro homagiis pro omnimodis curie mee racione dicte 
terre sectis pro ausiliis et omnibus seruiciis et demandis que causa terre uel 
tenementi umquam dari possunt uel exhigi aquocumque. Vt autem hec mea 
concessio et confirmacio perpetue firmitatis robur optineat presens scriptum 
sigilli mei impressione roboraui. Hiis testibus. Domino Roberto del Per. 
Hamone de Saperton. Johanne morel. Thoma de Mackelega. Johanne filio 
Symonis de Foston. Roberto Wace et aliis.” 


In perfect condition—the writing peculiarly black and distinct. 

Seal wanting 

Membrane 73 x 3} inches. to lines. 

Indorsed—*“ The orygynall deed of grant of lands in somersall 
to the abbey of Rosceter.” 


No. 7. Grant of land, by Walter de Lee to Nicholas, son of 
Adam Warpeloc. 


Date— Zemp. Edw. I. (1272—1307). 


‘«Sciant presentes et ffuturi quod Ego Walterus De Lee dedi concessi et hac 
presenti carta mea confirmaui Nicholao fhlio Ade Warpeloc pro homagio et 
seruicio suo vnum assartum quod vocatur le BoreWardescroft cum omnibus 
pertinenciis suis Tenendum et Habendum de me et heredibus meis uel asignatis 
predicto Nicholao et heredibus suis uel suis asignatis et eorum heredibus uel 
cuicunque uel quibuscunnque dare vendere uel asignare uoluerit exceptis 
viris et Omnibus Religiosis et Judeis. Reddendo inde Annuatim. michi et 
heredibus meis uel asignatis predictus nicholaus et heredes sui uel sui 
asignati duodecim denarios ad duos terminos anni videlicet sex denarios ad 
ffestum sancti martini et sex denarios ad ffestum assencionis domini pro 
omnibus seruiciis. secularibus exactionibus et demandis et sectis Curie et 
omnibus aliis seruiciis forincecis. Pro hac autem donacione concessione 
et hujus carte mee confirmacione dedit michi predictus Nicholaus sexaginta 
solidos et tres solidos et quatuor denarios ad ingressum. Et Ego uero 
valterus et heredes mei predicto nicholao et heredibus suis uel suis asignatis 


predictam terram cum omnibus pertinenciis suis pro predicto seruicio ut 


FITZHERBERT AND OTHER CHARTERS, Tt 


predictum est contra omnes homines et feminas seu kalumpnias Warantiza- 
bimus adquietabimus et ubique defendemus, In Cujus Rei Testimonium 
presenti carte Sigillum meum apposui. Hiis Testibus Thoma filio herberti 
domino de Somersale Roberto de Seggessale Willelmo de langeford in le 
hales Rogero de Mercinton Johanne filio Anketelli de Benetley Willelmo 
Busson de colbel Johanne filio Tirr de eadem louekin de Sanniton Willelmo 
de kynigeston et Aliis.” 

In good condition. Seal wanting. 

Membrane—6} x 5 inches. 18 lines. 

Indorsed—*‘ borewardscrofft.” _‘ Warploc.” 


No. 8. Grant of certain rents by Thomas FitzHerbert to 
Walter de Saundeby. 


Date—Circ. 1300. 

“Omnibus Christi fidelibus ad quos presens scriptum peruenerit Thomas 
filius Herberti dominus de Somersale salutem In domino. Nouerit vniuer- 
sitas vestra me dimisisse ac omnino quietum clamasse pro me et heredibus 
meis Waltero filio domini Willelmi de Saundeby totum Jus et clamium 
quod habui uel aliquo modo habere potui in tribus solidatis annui Redditus 
quos predictus Walterus de Willelmo filio Ricardi de Kyngistonleys emit. 
illos silicet quos Alanus Champeneys de Mercinton predicto Willelmo 
annuatim reddere solebat. Ita silicet quod nec Ego predictus Thomas nec 
heredes mei nec assingnati mei nec aliquis nomine nostro in predictis tribus 
. solidatis annui redditus quicquam Juris uel clamii decetero exigere uel 
venditare poterimus. In cujus rei testimonium Huic presenti quieteclamacioni 
sigillum meum apposui. Hiis testibus. Domino Willelmo de Mongummery, 
Domino briano de sancto Petro. Roberto de Segisshal. Willelmo de 
Clounam. Radulpho de Bosco. Johanne Wace de Mackelega Willelmo 
de Kyngiston. Ricardo de Schauinton clerico et aliis.” 


In good condition. Seal wanting. 
Membrane 7% x 2} inches. 9 lines. 
Indorsed—“ somersall.” 


No. 9. Grant of a Service, and land in Somersale, by William 
de Kyngestonlehees to Walter de Saundeby. 
Date—Circ. 1300. 


“Omnibus Christi fidelibus ad quos presens scriptum peruenerit Willelmus 
filius Ricardi de Kyngestonlehees salutem in domino sempiternam. Nouerit 


8 FITZHERBERT AND OTHER CHARTERS. 


vniuersitas vestra me dedisse concessisse et omnino quieteclamasse pro me 
et heredibus meis siue assignatis meis Waltero filio domini Willelmi de 
Saundeby, et heredibus suis, siue assignatis suis homagium et seruicium 
Alani filii Willelmi Champeneys, videlicet seruicium trium solidorum per 
annum quos ego Willelmus de predicto Alano recipere solebam ad _ tres 
terminos anni, videlicit, ad festum sancti Michaelis duodecim denarios, et 
ad festum Purificacionis beate Marie duodecim denarios. Et ad Ascen- 
cionem domini duodecim denarios, pro vna bouata terre cum pertinenciis 
quam de me tenuit in villa et teritorio de Somersale Herbert. Concessi 
etiam et confirmaui eidem Waltero vnam dimidiam acram prati in prato de 
Somersale en le WyteDoles, quam Ricardus filius Mathei de Schauynton 
quondam tenuit. Habendum et tenendum de me et heredibus meis dicto 
Waltero et heredibus suis et suis assignatis quibuscumque, libere, quiete, 
bene et in pace integre et hereditarie cum omnibus libertatibus et asiamentis 
ad dicta homagium et seruicium trium solidorum et ad dictum pratum 
integraliter pertinentibus. Reddendo inde annuatim mihi et heredibus meis 
pro predictis vnum obolum die sancti Blasii pro omnibus et omnimodis 
seruiciis ille et heredes sui et pro omnibus consuetudinibus et exaccionibus 
quibuscumque. Ego vero Willelmus et heredes mei predicto Waltero et 
heredibus suis et suis assignatis dictum homagium seruicium trium solidorum, 
et dictum pratum cum omnibus pertinenciis suis contra omnes homines 
Warantizabimus adquietabimus et inperpetuum defendemus pro seruicio 
pretaxato. Vt autem hec mea donacio concessio et confirmacio rata et 
stabilis permaneat, huic presenti scripto sigillum meum apposui.  Hiis 
testibus. Domino Willelmo de Montegomore, Ricardo de Kyngesley, 
Roberto de Seggeshal, Johanne de Kyngesley, Johanne Wace, et aliis.” 


In good condition. Seal wanting. 

Membrane 8 x 4 inches. 13 lines. 

Indorsed—‘ Carta facta Waltero Saundeby.” 
“ somersall.” 


No. ro. Grant of rentcharge of 4%, by William de Kyngeston 
to Walter de Saundeby. 


Date— Cire. 1300. 


‘¢ Omnibus Christi fidelibus presens scriptum visuris uel audituris Willelmus 
filius Ricardi de Kyngeston lehees salutem in domino sempiternam. Nouerit 
yniuersitas vestra me remisisse et totaliter relaxasse Waltero de Saundeby, 
heredibus suis et suis assignatis quibuscumque vnum obolum annui redditus 
in quo michi tenebantur racione trium solidorum annui Redditus, et dimidie 


FITZHERBERT AND OTHER CHARTERS. 9 


acre prati in prato de Somersale. Ita quod nichil michi, nec meis quibus- 
cumque in predictis racione alicujus euentus, occasionis vel demande 
inposterum reseruaui. In cujus rei testimonium. MHluic scripto sigillum 
meum apposui. Hiis testibus. Domino Willelmo de Montegomore, Roberto 
de Seggeshal, Ricardo de Kyngesley, Johanne de Kyngesley, Johanne Wace, 
et aliis.” 


In good condition. Seal wanting. 
Membrane 8}. 1} inches. 5 lines. 
Indorsed—‘“ Somersall.” 


No. 11. Grant of land in Somersale by Nicholas, son of Thomas 
FitzHerbert, to Walter de Saundeby. 


Date—Zemp. Edw. III. (1327—1377). 


‘Omnibus Christi fidelibus presens scriptum visuris uel audituris Nicholaus 
filius Thome filius Herberti de Somersale salutem in domino. Noueritis me 
concessisse et omnino pro me et heredibus meis confirmasse Waltero de 
Saundeby et heredibus seu assingnatis suis pro homagio et seruicio suo 
illud mesuagium et illam bouatam terre que idem Walterus habuit ex dono 
et feoffamento Alani filii Willelmi Chaumpeneys in Somersale Herberd et 
illam dimidiam acram prati quam habuit ex dimissione Ricardi de Schauinton 
in eadem. Habendum et tenendum predicto Waltero de Saundeby et here- 
dibus suis uel assingnatis quibuscunque de me et heredibus meis, libere 
quiete bene et in pace cum omnibus suis pertinenciis libertatibus et 
aysiamentis ad predicta Mesuagium terram et pratum quoquo modo pertinen- 
tibus, prout continetur in scripto confirmacionis quod idem Walterus habuit 
de Thoma filio Herberti patre meo, Reddendo inde annuatim michi et 
heredibus meis vnum obolum ad festum Natiuitatis beati Johannis Baptiste 
pro omni seculari seruicio ex actione et demanda. Et ego predictus 
Nicholaus et heredes mei predictum Mesuagium terram et pratum cum 
omnibus suis pertinenciis predicto Waltero de Saundeby et heredibus seu 
assingnatis pro predicto seruicio contra omnes homines Warantizabimus 
inperpetuum. In cujus rei testimonium presens scriptum sigillo meo singnaui. 
Hiis testibus, domino Radulpho de Munjoye, Willelmo de Mungomeri, 
Henrico de Knyueton, Johanne de Benteleye, Ricardo le ffoun, Ricardo de 
Kyngesleye, et Ricardo Birdet et aliis.” 


In good condition. 
Membrane 7] x 3} inches. 11 lines and a word. 


> a? e. 


190 FITZHERBERT AND OTHER CHARTERS. 


Seal perfect—round—white wax—i inch diam.—raised device, 
? a shield, in centre—inscription very indistinct, ? “S. NICHS. 
FITZHERBERT.” 

Indorsed —“ Somersall.” 


No. 12. Grant of land, by Richard, son of Robert de Mungomery, 
to Henry, son of Thomas FitzHerbert of Somersale. 


Date— Zemp. Edw. III. (1327—1377). 


‘* Sciant presentes et futuri quod Ego Ricardus filius Roberti de Mungomery 
dedi concessi et hac presenti Carta mea confirmaui Henrico filio Thome filii 
Herberti de Somersale et Rogero fratri suo et heredibus suis assignatis eorum 
totam terram et pratum cum mesuagio et edificiis Columbariis suprastantibus 
et omnibus aliis pertinenciis. Omnia quidam habui de dono et feoffamento 
Henrici filii Thome de Little Wode in Chirchesomersale sine aliquo retenemento 
excepta vna acra prati in le Wetedoles. Habendum et tenendum de Capitali- 
bus Dominis feodi dictis Henrico et Rogero et heredibus suis assignatis eorum 
in feodo et hereditate et imperpetuum libere quiete integre et pacifice cum 
omnibus pertinenciis suis libertatibus et aysiamentis usque ad predictam terram 
pertinentibus prout plenius continetur in Carta feoffamenti Henrici filii Thome 
de LittleWode. Et faciendum inde Capitalibus Dominis feodi seruicium inde 
debitum et consuetum. Et ego uero Ricardus et heredes mei totam predictam 
terram cum pertinenciis ut predictum est: excepta acra prati prenominata. 
predictis Henrico et Rogero et heredibus suis assignatis eorum contra omnes 
gentes imperpetuum Warantizabimus. In cujus rei testimonium presenti Carte 
signum meum apposui. Hiis testibus. Nicholao filio Herberti. Johanne de 
Benteleye. Ricardo de Schauinton. Radulpho de Bosco. Henrico de Lee. 
Roberto filio Walteri de Lee. Ricardo clerico et aliis.” 


In good condition. 

Membrane 84 X 4 inches. 1o lines and 3 words. 

Seal slightly broken—brown wax—round—1 inch diam. In 
centre a Monkey, or some animal, crouched, with long tail curled 
round in front over head and shoulders. 

Inscription round margin in small capital letters— 

ses ae! Ua be VNGOMERI.” 
Indorsed—* lyttelwoode 
Somersall 
Weytdooles.” 


FITZHERBERT AND OTHER CHARTERS. EZ 


No. 13. Grant of land in lower Somersale, by Thomas de le Lee, 
to his son William and Agnes his wife. 


Dated—24th July, 1325. 


“*Sciant Presentes et futuri quod Ego Thomas de le Lee de Somersale dedi 
concessi et hac Presenti carta mea confirmaui Willelmo filio meo et Agneti 
filie Benedicti de Schalecros et heredibus suis inter se et dictum Willelmum 
legitime procreatis totam illam terram cum Mesuagio et redditibus adjacentibus 
in inferiori Somersale quam quidem terram cum pertinenciis quondam emi de 
Roberto fratre meo simul cum vna placea prati quam emi de Willelmo de 
Saundebi. Habendam et tenendam predictam terram de capitalibus dominis 
feodi illius per seruicia inde debita et de jure consueta. Et Ego vero Thomas 
de le Lee de Somersale et heredes mei totam predictam terram in inferiori 
Somersale quam emi de Roberto fratre meo cum omnibus suis pertinenciis 
sicut Predictum est Predicto Willelmo filio meo et Agneti filie Benedicti de 
Schalecros et heredibus suis inter se legitime procreatis contra omnes gentes 
Warantizabimus. Et si Ita contingat quod dicta Agnes infata discedat tunc 
dicta terra cum pertinenciis dicto Thome sine aliqua contradiccione reuertetur 
In cujus Rei testimonium huic Presenti carte sigillum meum apposui. Hiis 
Testibus. Domino Henrico fiz Herebert tunc Capellano de Somersale. 
Willelmo ad boscum de Doubregge. Johanne de eadem. Johanne de Scha- 
_ Wenton. Thoma filio Margerie de superiori Somersale. et aliis. Data apud 
Scalecros in vigilia Sancti Jacobi. Anno domini Milessimo ccc visesimo 
quinto.” 


In good condition. 
_ Membrane 9} x 4 inches. 11 lines. 


_ Seal wanting. On the seal-slip is written the first 24 lines of 

the deed, from “Sciant” to ‘“‘inferiori Somersale,” omitting “ et 

_heredibus......procreatis.” 

Indorsed—“ Siant presentes Siant omnes tam presente,”—prob. 
pen-trials. 

“ Dimidia acra jacens in Wetdoles quam Johannes 
de Schauenton tenet et habuit de dono Willelmi 
dele Lee et Agnetis vxoris ejus......... vt conti- 
netur infra.” 

“Sache que tomas de Lee le aliena.” 

si Tall Thome Lee.” 


12 FITZHERBERT AND OTHER CHARTERS. 


No. 14. Grant of Rent-charge on Lands in Uttoxeter, by John 
Harpedale, of Uttoxeter, to Walter fitz Herbert of Somersale. 


Dated—Wednesday in Easter week, 1366—1375. 


“* Vniuersis ad quod presens scriptum peruenerit [ Johannes] Harpedale de 
Vttoxhather salutem in domino. Noueritis me dedisse et concessisse Waltero 
fitz Herbert de Somersale vnum annuum redditum viginti solidorum p...... 
annuatim de omnibus terris et tenementis meis in Vttoxhather exceptum de vno 
Mesuagio jacente juxta Capitale mesuagium meum quod habui de dono et 
feoffamento Roberti de Lockesley decem acris terre quas habui de dono et 
feoffamento Henrici de Ouerton et de vno Mesuagio et sex acris terre qua 
habui de dono et feoffamento Johannes le TWygger in eadem. Habendum et 
propriendum predictum annuum redditum viginti solidorum predicto Waltero 
et heredibus de corporibus ipsius Walteri et Margerie filie mee legitime pro- 
creatis de omnibus terris et tenementis meis predictis annuatim exceptum de 
hiis que superius excipiuntur. ad totam vitam meam et ad totam vitam Auicie 
vxoris mee ad terminos. Natalis sancti Johannis Baptiste et Natalis domini 
per equales porciones. Ita quod quandocumque predictis annuus redditus 
viginti solidorum ad aliquem terminum predictum per quadraginta dies in 
parte vel in toto a retro fuerit. quod bene licebit predicto Waltero et heredibus 
de corporibus ipsorum Walteri et Margerie legitime procreatis ad totam vitam 
meam et ad totam vitam predicte Auicie vxoris mee in omnibus terris et 
tenementis meis predictis [hii]s exceptis que superius excipiuntur distringere et 
districciones retinere quousque de predicto redditu et arreragiis ejusdem si 
qua fuerint plenarie fuerit s[olutum]. Et ego vero predictus Johannes et 
heredes mei predictum annuum redditum viginti solidorum predicto Waltero 
et heredibus de corporibus predictorum Walteri et Margerie leg|itime procreatis 
ad] totam vitam meam et ad totam vitam Auicie vxoris mee in forma predicta 
contra omnes gentes Warantizabimus. In cujus rei testimonium [huic presenti 
scrip]to sigillum meum apposui Hiis testibus Roberto de Sanston vicario 
ecclesie de Vttoxhather Willelmo le Hunte Johanne Wyme Johanne de 
IS) 1 Boone yteley et aliis. Datum apud Vttoxhather die Mercurii in septimana 


pasch Anno regni Regis Ed Wardi tertii post conquestum quadragesi.....” 
In fair condition, but partly wormeaten ;—lacunz supplied in 
brackets, or denoted by dashes. 
Membrane 93 x 34 inches. 13 lines and 2 words. 


Seal perfect, round, red wax, 2 inch diam. ; 6 foils around raised 


centre foil, within a border. 


Indorsed—*‘ A grant of a rent in Vttoxater.” 


ae. 


ee 


fn a, iio | 


FITZHERBERT AND OTHER CHARTERS. 13 


No. 15. Grant of Lands in Twycros by John de W helesburgh de 
Drayton and Elizabeth his wife to Richard Cook de Twycros. 


Dated—Sunday after 5th Feb., 1393. 


**Hec indentura testatur quos nos Johannes de Whelesburgh de Drayton et 
Elizabetha vxor mea concessimus tradidimus et dimisimus Ricardo Cook de 
TWycros Margarete vxori ejus et Willelmo filio eorundem totum illud 
tenementum quod Willelmo Smyth tenet in TWycros jacens inter le Pyghtel et 
coiem campum de TWycros et duas virgatas terre cum omnibus croftis pratis 
pascuis et pasturis predictis duabus virgatis terre spectantibus cum omnibus 
suis pertinenciis que idem Willelmus Smyth tenet vel tenuit in eadem. 
Habendum et tenendum omnia predicta terras et tenementa cum omnibus suis 
pertinenciis predictis Ricardo et Margarete vxori ejus et Willelmo filio 
eorundem ad totam vitam eorum vel cujus eorum diucius vixerit de nobis et 
heredibus nostris. Reddendo inde annuatim nobis et heredibus nostris viginti 
solidos legalis monete ad festa videlicet Purificationis beate Marie assencionis 
domini et sancti Michaelis archangeli equis porcionibus et domino de TWycros 
duos solidos annuatim nomine nostro et heredum nostrorum ad festa predicta pro 
omnibus seruiciis et demandis nobis et heredibus nostris pro predicta terra per- 
tinentibus durante termino predicto. Saluo nobis et heredibus nostris racionabili 
herietto post decessum cujuslibet eorum qui tenementa predicta occupauerit 
et tenuerit. Si vero contigerit dictam Margaretam viuente predicto Ricardo 
vel predictum Willelmum viuente predicto Ricardo vel Margareta decedere 
nullum dabunt heriettum ad eorum decessum.  Predicti insuper Ricardus 
Margareta et Willelmus omnes domos et tenementa predicta cum omnibus 
pertinenciis suis sumptibus suis propriis sustentabunt manutenebunt et in adeo 
bono statu dimittent sicut ea receperunt. Et nos vero predicti Johannes et 
Elizabetha et heredes nostri omnia predicta terras et tenementa croftos prata 
pascua et pasturas cum omnibus suis pertinenciis vt predictum est predictis 
Ricardo Margarete et Willelmo ad totam vitam eorum vel cujus eorum diucius 
vixerit in forma predicta contra omnes gentes Warantizabimus et defendemus, 
In cujus rei testimonium presentibus scriptis indentatis sigilla nostra alternative 
apposuimus. Hiis testibus Willelmo altekar de Drayton Johanne de Ouerton 
Willelmo de Schepeye et aliis. Data apud Drayton predictam die dominica 
proxima post festum sancte Agathe virginis Anno regni Regis Ricardi secundi 
post Conquestum sextodecimo.” 


In fair condition, but writing somewhat faded and indistinct. 
Seals all wanting. 


Membrane 10} x 6 inches. 18 lines. 5 blunt and wide dentes 
at top. 


I4 FITZHERBERT AND OTHER CHARTERS. 


No. 16. Grant of land in Somersale by Edmund Hayward 
to John Edrech and Margary his wife. 


Dated—Eve of Pentecost, 1412. 


“*Sciant presentes et futuri quod ego Edmundus HayWard capellanus 
dedi concessi et hac presenti carta mea confirmaui Johanni Edrech Juniori 
et Margarie vxori ejus omnia terras et tenementa mea cum suis pertinenciis 
in Somersale que quidem terras et tenementa habui ex dono et feoffamento 
predicti Johannis habendum et tenendum omnia predicta terras et tenementa 
cum omnibus suis pertinenciis prefatis Johanni et Margarie ad totam vitam 
eorundem de Capitalibus dominis feodi per seruicia inde debita et de jure 
consueta, et post decessum predictorum Johannis et Margarie volo pro me 
et heredibus meis quod omnia predicta terre et tenementa cum suis perti- 
nenciis remaneant Johanni Edrech filio Walteri Edrech de Somersale 
tenendum sibi heredibus et suis assignatis imperpetuum de Capitali domino 
per seruicia inde debita et de jure consueta. Et ego vero predictus 
Edmundus et heredes mei omnia predicta terras et tenementa cum suis 
pertinenciis prefatis Johanni et Margarie ad totam vitam suam eorundem et 
post decessum predictorum Johannis et Margarie prefato Johanni filio 
Walteri Edrech sibi et heredibus suis in forma predicta contra omnes 
gentes Warantizabimus et defendemus imperpetuum. In cujus rei testi- 
monium huic presenti carte Sigillum meum Apposui Hiis testibus Johanne 
Somersale, Thoma Boteler, Johanne vnWyn Thoma Hardyng, et Roberto 
Stele et Aliis. Data apud Sudbury in vigilia Pentecostes Anno regni Regis 
Henrici quarti post conquestum tertiodecimo,” 

In fair condition, slightly torn. 

Membrane 12 x 3? inches. 93 lines. 

Seal slightly injured—round—yellow wax—# inch diam.—a 
capital “ R.” surmounted by a crown. 

Indorsed—*“ Carta Edmundi HayWarde facta Johanni Edrych 


Somersale.” ‘‘ Somersall.”’ 


No. 17. Grant of Lands in Somersale and elsewhere, by John 
Fitzherbert of Somersale to his son John. 
Dated—24th June, 1423. 


“*Sciant presentes et futuri quod Ego Johannes ffitzherbert de Somersale 
dedi concessi et hac presenti carta mea confirmaui Johanni ffitzherbert filio meo 
vnum Mesuagium et duas bouatas terre cum pertinenciis in kirke Somersale et 


, 
4 
’ 
! 


ul 


FITZHERBERT AND OTHER: CHARTERS, 15 


quatuordecim solidatus et octo denaratus redditus exeuntes de vno Mesuagio et 
tribus bouatis terre cum pertinenciis in eadem villa. quod mesuagium et 
quas tres bouatas terre Henricus by ye Broke Tenet per cartam. Dedi insuper 
predicto Johanni filio meo vnum Mesuagium et vnam bouatam terre cum 
pertinenciis in Potter Somersale quod quidem Mesuagium cum dicta bouata 
terre cum pertinenciis habui ex dono et feoffamento Thome Okeyly(?) persone 
ecclesie de Sudbury Edwardi Bretby et Johannis Tadynton capellanorum. 
Dedi etiam predicto Johanni filio meo vnum clausum vocatum Dicheryddynge 
in feodo de Dubbrige. Dedi insuper predicto Johanni filio meo omnia terras 
et tenementa mea cum suis pertinenciis que et quas habeo in PerWyche ex 
dono et feoffamento Johannis in le Lene et Isabelle vxoris sue. Habendum et 
tenendum omnia predicta Mesuagia bouatas terre clausum et quatuordecim 
solidatus et octo denaratus redditus cum suis pertinenciis predicto Johanni filio 
meo et heredibus de corpore suo legitime procreatis. Et si contingat dictum 
Johannem filium meum sine herede de corpore suo legitime procreato obire 
quod absit Tunc volo et concedo quod omnia predicta terre et tenementa 
redditus et clausum cum suis pertinenciis michi et heredibus meis integre 
reuerterent. In cujus rei testimonium huic presenti carte mee sigillum meum 
apposui. Hiis testibus Henrico by ye broke de Somersale Johanne Tailleur 
de eadem Johanne at ye broke de eadem et aliis. Data apud Somersale in 
festo sancti Johannis Baptiste Anno regni Regis Henrici sexti post 
conquestum primo.” 


In fair condition, but writing somewhat faded and indistinct. 

Membrane 14 x 3 inches. 9 lines. 

Seal perfect, round, red wax, 2 inch diam. ; a shield depressed, 
with bend sinister raised ; rough impression, perhaps taken from 
another seal, or an improvised stamp. 

Indorsed—‘“ A grawnt of a howss in kyrck somersall and of a 
rent of xilij® viij* goyng out of a howss there whyche henry by the 
brooke held.” 


No. 18. Power of Attorney granted by John Fitzherbert to 
~ John Attebroke, for Livery of Seisin. 


Dated—ist Nov., 1439. 


** Pateat vniuersis per presentes quod ego Johannes ffyzherbert de Somursale 
attornaui et in loco meo posui dilectum meum in Christo Johannem Attebroke 
de eadem meum verum et legitimum attornatum ad deliberandum pro me et 
in nomine meo Willelmo ffyzherbert Aunculo meo Johanni Mynyers Armig. 


16 FITZHERBERT AND OTHER CHARTERS, 


Willelmo Nodyon capellano et Roberto attebrok rectori de Somursale plenam 
et pacificam Seisinam de et in omnibus terris et tenementis meis redditibus 
et seruiciis cum omnibus suis pertinenciis que habeo in Comitatibus Derb 
et Leycestr Rate et grate habens et habiturus quicquid idem Johannes 
Attebrok attornatus meus nomine meo fecerit in premissis In cujus rei 
testimonium huic presenti scripto Sigillum meum apposui Datum apud 
Somursale in festo omnium Sanctorum Anno regni regis henrici Sexti post 
conquestum anglie decimo octauo.” 


In good condition. 

Membrane 122 x 23 inches. 44 lines. 

Small rough seal—red wax—+3 inch diam.—impression ‘ W C.” 
—the top part broken off. 


No. 19. Grant of lands in Counties of Derby and Leicester, 
by John Fitzherbert of Somersale, to William Fitzherbert and 
others. 

Dated—tst Nov., 1439. 


‘*Sciant presentes et futuri quod ego Johannes ffyzherbert de Somursale 
dedi concessi et hac presenti carta mea confirmaui Willelmo ffyzherbert 
Aunculo meo Johanni Mynyers de Vttox Seniori Armig. Willelmo Nodyon, 
de eadem capellano et Roberto Attebroke rectori de Somursale omnia 
terras et tenementa mea redditus et seruicia cum omnibus suis pertinenciis 
que habeo in Comitatibus Derb et Leycestr. Habendem et tenendum 
omnia predicta terras et tenementa redditus et seruicia cum omnibus suis 
pertinenciis predictis Willelmo Johanni Willelmo et Roberto heredibus 
h’ et eorum assignatis libere quiete bene et in pace de capitalibus dominis 
feodi illius per seruicia inde debita et de jure consueta. Et ego vero 
prefatus Johannes ffyzherbert et heredes mei omnia predicta [terras] et tene- 
menta redditus et seruicia cum omnibus suis pertinenciis predictis Willelmo 
Johanni Willelmo et Roberto heredibus et eorum assignatis contra omnes 
gentes Warantizabimus et imperpetuum defendemus In cujus rei testi- 
monium huic presenti carte mee Sigillum meum apposui. Hiis testibus. 
Johanne Taylur de Somursale, Johanne Mydulton Willelmo Walker de 
eadem Willelmo Perkyn de Vttox ballivo Johanne Bayle de eadem et 
multis aliis Data apud Somursale, in festo omnium Sanctorum Anno 
regni regis henrici Sexti post conquestum anglie decimo octauo.” 


In good condition. 
Membrane 13 x 3} inches. .7 lines. 


FITZHERBERT AND OTHER CHARTERS. 17 


Seal broken—red wax—? inch diam.—impression “ W C”’ sur- 
mounted by a crown. 

Indorsed—“ A generall feoffment to certain feoffees of trust 
of all hys lands in the Countyes of Derby and Leycester.” 


No. 20. Grant of Lands in Somersale, by Robert ffraunces and 
Elizabeth his wife to John ffyzherbert of Somersale. 
Dated—3rd July, 1460. 

‘* Sciant presentes et futuri quod nos Robertus ffraunces et Elizabetha vxor 
mea vnanimo assensu et concensu dedimus concessimus et Hac presenti carta 
nostra confirmauimus Johanni ffyzherbert de Somursale filio et heredi Johannis 
ffyzherbert nuper defuncti omnia terras et tenementa nostra prata pascua et 
pasturas redditus et seruicia cum suis pertinenciis in Somersale predicta in 
Comitatu Derbiensi que et quas Johannes ffyzherbert nuper maritus meus et 
ego conjunctim habuimus ex dono et feoffamento Ade Wetton et Roberti brok 
cleric Habendum et tenendum omnia predicta terras et tenementa nostra prata 
pascua et pasturas redditus et seruicia cum suis pertinenciis predicto Johanni et 
heredibus suis libere quiete bene et in pace. de capitali domino feodi illius per 
seruicia inde debita et de jure consueta. Et nos vero prefati Robertus et 
Elizabetha et heredes nostri omnia predicta terras et tenementa nostra prata 
pascua et pasturas redditus et seruicia cum suis pertinenciis predicto Johanni 
et heredibus suis in forma predicta contra omnes gentes Warantizabimus et im- 
perpetuum defendemus. In cujus rei testimonium huic presenti carte nostre 
sigilla nostra apposuimus hiis testibus Roberto de Aston Ricardo Bagot 
Johanne Kynerdesley Johanne Mynyers Armigeris et Willelmo Perkyn 
ballivo de vttoxeter et multis aliis Data. apud Somersale predictam tertio die 
Mensis Julii Anno regni regis henrici sexti post conquestum anglie tricesimo 
octauo.” 

In very good condition. Seals wanting. 

Membrane 144 x 33 inches. 7 lines and 2 words. 

Indorsed—* Concessio Roberti fraunceys et vxoris ejus de 


terris in somersall que fuerunt ade Wetton et Roberti brock.” 


No. 21. Grant of land in Cherchsomersale by Henry Kyner- 
desley and Henry Mayster to John Fytzherbert and Johanna 


his wife. 
Dated—28th Aug., 1460. 
**Sciant presentes et futuri quod nos henricus Kynerdesley de vttoxather et 
henricus Mayster gent de eadem dedimus concessimus et hac presenti carta 


3 


18 FITZHERBERT AND OTHER CHARTERS. 


nostra confirmauimus Johanni ffytzherbert de Cherchsomersale et Johanne 
vxori sue Manerium nostrum de Cherchsomersale cum omnibus terris dominicis 
eidem manerio adjacentibus et suis pertinenciis quod quidem Manerium cum 
terris prenominatis nuper habuimus ex dono et feoffamento predicti Johannis 
in Cherchsomersale Habendum et tenendum predictum Manerium cum 
omnibns terris adjacentibus et suis pertinenciis predictis Johanni et 
Johanne ad terminum vite eorum et eorum diucius viuentis ac heredibus 
inter eosdem legitime procreatis libere quiete bene et in pace cum omnibus 
libertatibus liberis que communis ad dictum Manerium et terris spectantibus 
De capitali domino ffeodi illius per seruicia inde debita et de jure consueta. 
Et nos vero prefati henricus et henricus et hered¢s nostri predictum Manerium 
nostrum cum omnibus terris adjacentibus et suis pertinenciis predictis Johanni 
et Johanne ad terminum vite eorum et eorum diucius viuentis ac heredibus 
inter eosdem legitime procreatis in forma predicta contra omnes gentes 
Warantizabimus et imperpetuum defendemus In cujus rei testimonium huic 
presenti carte nostre sigilla nostra sint apposita hiis testibus Johanne Broke 
de Cherchsomersale Johanne Muryhurst henrico Taylur henrico de Alles- 
Worthe Willelmo Jou de eadem et Aliis Data apud Cherchsomersale vicesimo 
octauo die Mensis Augusti Anno regni regis henrici Sexti post conquestum 
anglie tricesimo octauo.” 


In good condition. 
Membrane 16 x 3} inches. 7 lines. 
Two seals—round—red wax—# inch diams. One injured, im- 


pression faint and illegible; the other perfect—fine impression 
—‘‘h k” within circular border. 


No. 22. Grant of land in Chirchesomersale by Johanna Ade 
to John Fitzherbert and Johanna his wife. 


Dated—Thursday before 28th October, 1464. 


‘*Sciant presentes et futuri quod Ego Johanna Ade de Sudbure in mea 
pura viduetate dedi concessi et hac presenti carta mea [confirmavi] Johanni 
Fightharbat et Johife] yxori ejus omnia terras et tenementa mea cum suis 
pertinenciis in Chirchesomersale que quidem terras et tenementa quondam 
fuerunt Johannis Edrech patris mei habendum et tenendum omnia predicta 
terras et temementa cum omnibus suis pertinenciis prefatis Johanni et Johanne 
heredibus et Assignatis suis libere quiete bene et in pace De capitali domino 
feodi illius per seruicia inde debita et de jure consueta cum omnibus liber- 
tatibus communis et Aisiamentis ad dicta terras et tenementa spectantibus 


imperpetuum. Et ego vero predicta Johanna et heredes mei omnia predicta 


FITZHERBERT AND OTHER CHARTERS. ° 19 


terras et tenementa mea cum suis pertinenciis predictis Johanni et Johanne 
heredibus et Assignatis suis contra omnes gentes Warrantizabimus et 
deffendemus imperpetuum. In cujus rei testimonium huic presenti carte mee 
sigillum meum Apposui hiis testibus. Johanne Broke de Somersale Henrico 
AllesWorthe de eadem Henrico Taylor de eadem Johanni[e] M(e)rihurst 
de eadem et laurencio Wordull et multis Aliis Data Apud Somersale die 
Jouis proximo Ante festum sancti Simonis et Jude Anno regni Regis 
EdWardi quarti post conquestum Anglie quarto.” 


In good condition. Seal wanting. 
Membrane 114 x 44 inches. 9} lines. 
Indorsed—‘ olde Croft.” 
“ Concessio Johanne Adde facta 
Johanni fytzherbert ” 


NOTES. 


No. 1. Wirke.—Wirksworth. 
Le sureys.—? The Surveyor, or Overseer. 


No. 2. #raundiston.—? Branston, near Burton-on-Trent, or Braunston, 
- near Leicester. 

Stepul.—Steephill or Steeple, near Wirksworth. De Stepla held half 
a Knight’s fee in Derbyshire under Will. de Ferrars (Lib. Nig.). 


No. 3. Decanum (decanatum ?) Lyncolniensem.—The Dean of Lincoln 
held lands at Wirksworth, as well as the advowson of the Rectory. 
Will. de Stepil.See No. 2, Stepudl. 


No. 4. There is no mention of this Zsaéel/a, wife ot William Fitzherbert, 
in Brydges’ Collins, nor in the Harl. MSS., nor in any other pedigree or 
account of the family that I have seen. 

Norton.—Norton juxta Twycross, in Leicestershire; see Nichols’ Zeic. 
_ Vol. iv., p. 860. 

Hation.—In parish of Marston on Dove. 

Ricardus de Corson.—? Richard de Curzon of Croxhall, Knt., 16 Edw. 
I. ; see Glover’s Derbyshire, ii. 333. 


No. 5. A/munton.—Alkmanton ; see Cox’s Derbyshire Churches. vol. iii, 
Will. de Montegomery—Of Marston Montgomery and Cubley ; see Glover, 
ii., 335; Reliquary xv., pl. 1.; Derbys. Ch. iii, 91. ‘‘Carta Will. de 


20 FITZHERBERT AND OTHER CHARTERS. 


Montegomori pro terra in Holto de Dubbrigge...Matildze uxoris mez 
(Tutb. Reg., Cart. cxciii). 

Will. de Mey-a mil.—Willelmus de Meysam dominus de Eyton, miles, 
(Tutb. Reg. Cart. cxcvii. cxcviii); ‘Cart. de Nemore supra Dubbrigge” 
(ibid. cxxxvii). This family, which prob. took its name from Measham in 
Leicestersh., seems to have lived at Eaton Old Hall, in Eaton Wood, near 
Dovebridge. 

Pet. de Bakepuz—Bakepuze of Barton and Alkmanton (Derbys. Ch. iii. ; 
Glover ii. 89). 

Segesale.—Sedsall, in Dovebridge parish. 


No. 6. Richard Bacoun founded an Abbey of Black Canons at Rocester, 
in 1146, in honour of the Blessed Virgin Mary (Lewis’ Zopfog. Dict. iii. 
616). 

Rob. del Per.—A Robertus de Pir held half a Knight’s fee in Derbyshire 
under Will. de Ferrars (Lib. Nig.). Carta de Rectore ecclesie de Périz 
(Tutbury Register, Cart. cclxviil.) 

Robertus de Pirt, testibus in Cart. Will. de Ferariis, dat. ap. Tuttebury 
37 H. 3 (Shaw’s Staffs, I. Append., p. 26). 

Thomas de Perii gave land in Newton to Tutbury Priory (Tutb, Reg., 
Cart. cxx. 3 cxxvill. 3 cxlvii.) 

Hamon de Sap.—‘‘ Carta Hamonis de Sapreton” (Tutb. Reg., Cart, clvi. ; 
clxii. ) 

Saperton.—Near Boyleston ; see Derbys. Ch. iii., 17. 

Mackelega.—Mackley near Saperton ; see Derbys. Ch. ili., 83. 


No.7. BoreWardescroft.—Barwardcote, or Barrowcote, in Etwall parish ; 
see Glover ii., 91. A tradition, probably derived from the name, exists 
that John of Gaunt kept bears there. 

Seggessale.—See No. 5, Segesale. 

Mercinton.—Marchington—Marston Montgomery. 

Langeford en le hales.—Longford ; see Derbys. ch. ii1., 194. 

Benteley.—Bentley Hungry, in Longford parish. 

Tirr.—? Tirrell, or Tyrwhit. 

Kynigeston.—? Kingston, near Uttoxeter. Henry de Cunegeston held one 
Knight’s fee in Derbyshire, under William de Ferrars (Lib. Nig). 

Will. Busson de Colbel—cf. ‘‘Carta Hen. de Colevill pro tota terra sua 
de Bussons” (Tutb. Reg., Cart. cliv. ; clxiii,) 


No. 8. Walt. fil. Will. de Saundeby.—For place and family of this 
name, see Thoroton’s Notts., pp. 421, 422. 
Rad. de Bosco.—Tutbury Reg., Cart. clv. ; ccxxxviii. 


Pr. 


FITZHERBERT AND OTHER CHARTERS. 21 


No. 12. Richard de Mungomery.—See No. 5, Montgomery. 

Chirchesomersale.—Somersal Herbert. 

Nicholas fil Herberti—Son of Thomas Fitz Herbert (Nos. 5-8), and 
brother of Henry and Roger named in same deed. (Harl. M.SS., 5809, 
1484). 

John de Bentley.—See No. 7, Bentley. 

Schauinton.—? Skevington. 

Hen. and Rob. de Lee—see No. 13. 


No. 13. Zhom. de le Lee.—Probably this family gave its name to Lees 
Hall, near Boylestone. Walter de Lega was Rector of Boylestone, A.D. 
1300 (Derbys. Ch. iii. 19). 

Doubregge.—Dovebridge, or Doveridge. 

Scha Wenton.—See No. 12, Shauinton. 

Superior Somersale.—Hill Somersal, in Sudbury parish. 

Inferior Somersale.—Church Somersal, or Somersal Herbert. 

Schalecros.—Shallcross, of Shallcross in the parish of Hope. 


No. 14. Walter fitzHerbert.—Son of John, and grandson of Nicholas. 
Nos. 11 and 12 (Har/. MSS.) None of the pedigrees give his wife’s surname, 
__ Harpedale. : ; ’ 
| Uttoxhather.—Uttoxeter. 
| Lockesley.—Loxley, near Uttoxeter, in Staffs. 
Will. le Hunte—? Of Overton, in Ashover parish ; see Glover ii., 53, 567. 


No. '5. Whelesburgh.—See Burton’s Lezc., pp. 282, 283 ; Nichols’ Leic. 
iv., 964; Leland (ed. Hearne, 1768), vol. iv., pt. 1, fol. 44. Wellsborough, 
near Market Bosworth. 

Drayton 


bin Leicestershire. See Nichols, vol. iv. 
Twycross 


Johannes de Overton.—A John Overton was Prior of Repton, A.p. 1436, 
ob. 1438 (Derbys. Ch. iii., 428). 
Will. de Schepeye.—See Derbys. Ch. iii., 456. Sheepy, near Twycross. 


No. 17. Hen. by ye Broke.—Robert By-the-broke or Blythebroke, is the 
first recorded Rector of Somersal, A.D. 1428 (Derdys. Ch. iti., 288). 

Potter Somersale.—Potters Somersal, in Sudbury parish. 

Edwardus Brethy, Capellanus.—A Will. de Bretby was chaplain in 1372 
(Derbys. Ch. iti. 426). 

Per Wyche.—Parwich. 


22 FITZHERBERT AND OTHER CHARTERS. 


No. 20.—/John Fitz Herbert.—Son of John, and grandson of Walter, No. 14. 
This John’s father’s wife is stated in Ha7/. MSS. 5809, 1093, and 1484, to have 
been Elizabeth, dau. of Robt. Fraunces; but from this deed it appears that 
Robt. Fraunces was her second husband. 

Adam Wetton.—An Adam de Wetton was Priest of Kniveton’s Chantry, 
Dovebridge, 1393—1440 (Derbys. Ch. iii., 118). 

Aston.—Near Derby. 

Kynerdesley.—Kynnersley of Loxley, Staffs. 

John Mynyers.—A John Mynors married Johanna, dau. of John Fitz 
Herbert, of Somersal, 14 Ric. II, and 3 Hen. IV. (Hari. M.SS. 6128, 
2113, 1036). 


———————= |S ClO 


23 


Genealogteal Motes, Kc., velating to families 
of Parker. 


(COMMUNICATED By CHARLES JACKSON, DONCASTER). 


1342. John le Parker de Shiford (supposed Sheffield) occurs as 
a juror on an inquisition taken at Rotherham relative 
to the rights of the Abbot of Rufford, 16th Edw. 
III. (Guest’s Hist. Rotherham, p. 25). 

1344. John Parker stands first amongst several witnesses to a 
deed in which John, son of Avicia de Dungworth, 
in Bradfield, is a party, respecting a rent there. 

1347. John Parker, de Sheffield, a witness to a grant from Rosa, 
daughter of John del Cliffe de Ecclesale, to Henry 
de Tapton, dated 13 December, 1347. 

1347. John, son of Emma le Parker, of Medeburne, occurs as 
a legatee of one mark in the will of Thomas de 
Chaworth,* the elder, knight. Zest. Zbor. Surt. Soc., 
1836, p. 48; Addy’s Beauchief Abbey, p. 32. 

1352. 26 Edw. III., Sept. 17, Ad.’ Parker witness to a grant of 
land in Norton from Sir Thomas Chaworth, knt., to 
John and Isabell Tynet. (Addy’s Norton, Derb. 
Arch. Soc. Pub., vol. 2). 


* Amongst the grants from Sir Thomas Chaworth to Beauchief Abbey, 
circa 1278, was one of a bovate of land, etc., which Adam, son of John of 
the Cliff, some time held of him in Norton. (Pegge’s Hist, B. Adley, p. 119.) 
In another grant from the same, of land at Eycliff, one of the witnesses was a 
Roger del Clyfe (7d. p. 123, Note). Again, Roger, son of Adam del Clyf, was 
a benefactor to the Abbey, and Thomas, son of Roger, released all right which 
he had in land called Moseker, and land in le Wodesetes (Zé. p. 145). 


24 NOTES, ETC., RELATING TO FAMILIES OF PARKER. 


1365-6. 39 Edw. III., Grant—William Selliok de Haselburgh, 
to John de Lictewod [Lightwood], of all lands in 
feodo de Norton. Witnesses (éz¢. a/.) Ade Parker. 

1384. 7 Rich. IJ. Purification B.V.M. Thomas Parker and 
Adam Parker, witnesses to a grant of land in Little 
Norton, from Adam Bate to Hugh del Barkhous. 
(Addy’s Norton. Derb. Arch. Soc. Pub., Vol. 2.) 

1394. 17 Rich. II. William Parker, witness to a deed dated at 
Hannesworth. (Gatty’s ed., Hunter's Hallamshire, 
484.) 

1402-3. 4 Hen. IV. John Parkar and Thomas Parkar, amongst 
the witnesses to a grand of land, &c., in Southfeld, 
at Lightwood, in Norton. (Addy’s Beauchief Abbey, 
Page 55, 7. 

1423. 6 May,1 Hen. VI. Sciant presentes et ffuturi quod nos 
Margareta fflecher et Robertus fflecher * dedimus 
concessimus et hac presenti carta nostra confirmavimus 
Thome Parkar de Grenehill, et Johanni Parker de Nor- 
ton, omnia terras et tenementa nostra cum suis 
pertinenciis in Litil Norton que nuper fuerunt 
Ricardi Peyne;t habendum et tenendum omnia 
predicta terras et tenementa cum suis pertinenciis 
prefatis Thome et Johanni, heredibus et assignatis 
suis, de capitali domino, pro serviciis inde debitis, 
&c. Hiis testibus, Willelmo Cooke, Thoma ffox, 
Johanne Bullok, et alijs. Dat. vj. die Maij. anno 
regni Regis Henrici sexti primo, [1423]. (from 
Mr. Swift.) 

1448. April 15, 26 Hen. VI. Thomas Parker, Robert Parker, 
John Parker, and John Parker, on a jury in an 


“ Amongst the grants from Sir Thomas Chaworth to Beauchief Abbey, was 
one of 5s. annual rent, which the Abbot and Convent paid for land held of 
him in the soke of Norton, gue guidem soca vocata fuit terra Roberti le 
Filetcher. (Pegge’s B. Abbey, p. 125.) 

+ A Peter Payne, of Norton, is among the witnesses toa grant from Sir 
Thomas Chaworth to Beauchief Abbey, of 2s. rent in Norton.  (Pegge’s 
B. Abbey, p. 132.) 


NOTES, ETC., RELATING TO FAMILIES OF PARKER. 25 


inquisition taken at ‘‘ Leghes, in dominio de Norton” 

respecting an enclosure of a lane or narrow way in 

Norton. (Addy’s Beauchief Abbey, p. 148.) 

In a pedigree of Moore, in M.S. G,, 3, 34, in the Cambridge 
University Library, said to be written by the hand of James 
Gresham, of Fulham, co. Middlesex, esq., is the following :— 
* Memorand, that one Booth sometimes was Bishop of Yorke, * 
[23 H. 6] beeing before his promotion to that See Arch Deacon 
there and lay at Rotheram in the same county, had two sisters. 
The one of them, then hee beeing Archdeacon, maried he unto 
one Mr. John Parker of Bulwell in com. Nottingham, esq®, 
which Parker had by hir diverse children, and was of a C" land 
by the yeare or thereabouts. . .. . Memorand. that the afore- 
said John Parker had a sister whose name was Elizabeth and was 
maried to one Thomas More of Grenhill in com. Darby, grand- 
father to Christopher More, that is to say, son of John More 
son to the aforesaid Thomas More.” 

1471. Roger de Ecclesale conveys to Richard Bullok a wood 
called Cangull, in Onston. Amongst the witnesses 
are John Parkar of Leys, and John Parkar of Little 
Norton. (Deed jfenes Mr. Thorold, Welham, near 
Retford.) 

1480. Jany. 12, 19 Edw. IV. Stephen Jonson and Margaret 
his wife to John Parker of Little Norton +—one 
messuage with a curtilage, and 3 acres of arable 
land in Greenhill, which were lately Robert Webster’s 
father of the s* Margaret. Witness (ént. a/.) John 
Parker, of Norton Lees. 

William Parker an “assistant brother” of Beauchief 


* William Booth was Archbishop of York (previously he had been Bishop 


of Lichfield and Coventry) 1452-1464. His name does not occur in the list 


of Archdeacons. Neither this Archbishop nor his half brother, Laurence 
Booth, a subsequent archbishop, mention in their wills any connection of the 
name of Parker. . 

+ Probably identical with John Parker of Little Norton, sythsmith, who 
held a messuage etc. (part of Beauchief Abbey estate), which Richard Webster 
late did hold in Little Norton, by a lease for 99 years, dated St. Thomas’s 


_ Day, 1459. (Pegge’s Beauchief Abbey, p. 79.) 


26 NOTES, ETC., RELATING TO FAMILIES OF PARKER. 


Abbey, of Eston [Cold Aston] and his wife, for 
whom a service of commemoration was made. 
(Addy’s Beauchief Abbey, pp. 32-35.) 

1482. 20 July, 22 Edw. IV. Indenture between Thomas Cha- 
worth esq., lord of Norton, of the one part, and 
Thomas Parker of the other part. Lease to the 
said Thomas Parker, of one messuage and two 
bovates of land, with the app‘, called Johnsett 
woodde* in Little Norton, then in the tenure of 
John Parker, father of the said Thomas Parker, to 
hold for 80 years. Rent 15s. Witnesses, John 
Parker de le Leys, Thomas Selyok, John Legh de 
Norton, and others. 

1486. Sciant &c., I Richard Turton, son and heir of Agnes 
Turton, grant to Thomas Parker, of Ecclesfield, 
sithesmith, t lands at Dungworth and Ughill, which 
descend to me on death of my mother. Witnesses, 
John Parker of Norton Leghes, John Stede, of 
Wounsacre, John Morton, of Spouthouse, Thurston 
Morton. 

1488. 13 Oct., 4th Henry VII. Roger Barker, of Dore, son 
and heir of John Barker, of Dronfield, deceased, to 
John Parker, of Norton Leys, and others, messuage, 
&c., to the use of me and Joan Owtram, dau. of 
Robert O. 

1493. Sept., 9th Hen. VII. John Parker, of Little Norton, one 
of the witnesses to a grant of land in le Brendclyf, 
and in Ecclesale, from Wm. Machon, of Halume, 
to Henry Foljambe, esq., lord of Walton. (Gatty’s 
ed. Hunter's Hallamshire, p. 372.) 

1495-6. i7 Henry VII. John Parker, of Norton legh, and 
Alexander Rokisby of Roderham,—grant of lands in 

‘ Cudworth, &c., to Ralph Eire, of Wykersley, and 
Margaret, his wife, for their lives. 


* In the Particulars of the Norton estate, advertized for sale in 1850, is 
“‘Chauncit or John Set Wood—atia. or. 12 p.” 
+ See the testator of 20 Aug., 1510, Zostea. 


1509. 


1509. 


1510. 


NOTES, ETC., RELATING TO FAMILIES OF PARKER. 27 


July 3, 20 Henry VII. Thomas Parker, witness to a 
grant from Wm. Carr, of lands at Birley Edge in 
Ecclesfield. (Gatty’s Hunter's Hallamshire, p. 503.) 

March 4, 21 Henry VII. Thomas Moldicliff, of Sheffield, 
to Robert Parker of the same,—grant of all lands, 
&c., in Stanyngton, co. York. 

Oct. 23, 1 Henry VIII.- Robert Parker, of Sheffield, to 
Robert Greaves, the son of Richard Greaves, of the 
parish of Bradfeld—the last premises. Witnesses, 
Robert Hudson, bailiff of Sheffeld, William Tripet 
and Robert Horner, of the same, with many others. 

Oct. 25, 1 Henry VIII. Robert Parker, of Sheffeld, and 
Thomas Parker, son and heir of the said Robert— 
General release to Robert Greaves. Dated at 
Stanyngton. (A/r. Swift.) 

August 20. Will of Thomas Parker.* In the name of 
God, Amen, the xx" day of August the yere of o, 
Lorde a thousande ccccc™ and x, I Thomas Parker, 
of Whitley, make and ordeyn my testament in maner 
and fo'me folowyng. First I bequeth my soule to 
Almyghty God o* blessed Lady seint Mary and the 
copany of hevyn, my body to be buryed w'in my pish 
chirch of Ecclesfeld. Itm I bequeth to my mortuary 
my best beest. Itm I bequeth to the seid chirch of 
Ecclesfeld for my tythes necligently forgotten vj* viij’. 
Itm I will that of all my goodes my detts be paid, 
and all wrongs by me doon, and trewly proved, be 
resonably recompensed spially in discharge of my 
soule. Itm I bequeth to the making of the rode-lofte 
and stalles in the seid chirch, xl* Itm to the reparyng 
of Seint Mychels chapell w'in the seid pish, iij* ilij* 
Itm I bequeth to Elyn Parker, my doghter, x1 mre to 
her mariage, if it may be born. Itm I will that 
Thoms Shircliff, of Ecclesfeld, John Wilkynson, of 


* The copy of this will was obligingly supplied by Mr. Robert Hardisty Skaife. 
of York. . 


28 


NOTES, ETC., RELATING TO FAMILIES OF PARKER. 


the same, and John Grubbe, of Netherhertley, or their 
heires imediatly aft" my decesse surrender in to 
th’ands of my lorde of Sherusbury according to his 
custome w'in the lordeship of Halomeshir, all and 
ev such meses, landes, tents, meadowes and pastures, 
w' their app'tenncs, as I have in Whitley, or in the 
felds of the same, purchased of William Whete, in 
Woodsetts, purchasid of William Houlle, holden of 
my seid lord as of his lordeship of Halomshir, by 
copy of court rolle, to the use of John Parker, my 
sonne, and the heires of his body laufully begotten for 
ev. And for defaute of such issew of his body lau- 
fully begoten, the remaynder therof to Richard 
Parko’, his brod", and to the heires of his body lau- 
fully begotten for ev. And for defaute of such issew 
of his body laufully begotten, the remander therof to 
the right heires of me the forseid Thomas Pker for 
ev. Itm I will that the same Thoms Shircliff, John 
Wilkynson, and Robert Grubbe, their heirs or 
assigneis, imediatly aft" my decesse surrende into 
th’ands of the prior and covent of Coventre charter- 
house all such meses, lands, tents, wodds, medows, 
lesues and pastures, w* their app’tenncs, as I have in 
Nether Hertley, late p'chased of Thoms Barmley * 
holden of the seid p’o" and covent by copie of co't 
rolle, as of their lordeship at Ecclesfeld to the use of 
Richard Pker, my sonne, and heires of his body lau- 
fully begotten for ev. And for defaute of such isshew 
of his body laufully begotten, the remand" therof to 
John Parko’, his brod’, and heires of his body laufully 
begotten for ev. And for defaute of such isshew of 
his body laufully begotten, the remander therof to 
the next heires of me the seid Thoms for ev. Itm I 
will that the said Thoms Shircliff, John Wilkinson, 


* Sic in reg. forsan Barmby. 


NOTES, ETC., RELATING TO FAMILIES OF PARKER. 29 


and Robert Grubbe, or their heires, immediatly aft" 
they be required, surrende into the hands of the p‘o" 
and Covent of the Charterhouse of Coventry, accord- 
ing to his custome, a mese, lands, medows, wodds, 
lesues and pastures, w' their app'tenncs, as they lye 
in Neder Hertley, unto the use and behove of Ric. 
Pko’, my sonne, and to the heires of his body laufully 
begotten ; and for defaute of his body + laufully 
begotten, the remander theroff to John Parko’, his 
brod’, in like estate, the remander thereof to the 
right heires of me the forseid Thoms Parko' for ev. 
Also I will that immediatly after the seid surrend® 
maid unto the seid Richarde Pko', that the seid 
Richard shall make to Agnes Pko', my doghter, a 
sufficient surrende of a yerely rent of xx*, to be taken 
and paid out of all the landes, medows, wodds, lesues 
and pastures, w' their app'tenncs in Ned" hertley 
aforeseid, to have and holde to the same Agnes and 
hir assignes during hir liff at ij termes in the yere, 
that is to say, at the feest of Penticost and Saint 
. Martyn, by evyn porcions, w' clause of distresse for 


lands, wodds, medows, lesues and pastures. Itm I 
will that if, as God forbede, hit happen that the seid 
Agnes be decrepyd, or in such case that she may 
not stere herselff, or come to a grete necessite, then 
the seid Richard Parker, or his heires, shall pay yerely 
during the lif of the seid Agnes, ov and above the 
seid xx*, vj* viij*, that is to say, if the seid chaunce 
happen, xxyj* viij* | Itm I will that Richard Parker, 
my sonne, shall have the takke of my water-wheles 
after my decesse. Also I will the seid Richard shall 
have a mese in Brokehouse, w'in the pish of Laghton, 


| 

; 

noon payment of the same in the aforeseid mese, 
J 

; 


+ Probably the words ‘‘ such issue of” omitted ; but it stands so in the copy 
in the Register at York. 


: 


30 


NOTES, ETC., RELATING TO FAMILIES OF PARKER, 


w' th’ app’tenncs.. Itm I will that the seid Richard 
shall have an annuall rent of ix* lyyng in Dennaby, 
in the holding of Wynter. Itm that the seid Richard 
shall have my right in ij closes, w' a medow called 
Horbury, w' a close called Longlands, and a croft 
callyd Ryfarecroft. Item that the seid Richard shall 
have at Neder Hertley a fournes, a fourmelede, a 
wort stoon, a kneding-trough, a mulding borde, a 
stepefatte, ij grete arkes, ij chayres, a mete borde, a 
folding borde, a chymney, ij bedds, an arke, a long chist, 
a saing borde, ij bedds in the new chambre, oon in 
the plo’, and an awmery in the newplo’ at Whitley. Itm 
that the same Richard shall have ij stythes, ij bare 
bales, all od* smythy gere, ij stoones troughed coul- 
troughed (sic). Itm I will that John Parko’, my sonne, 
have at Whitley ij stones troughed called coltroughes. 
Itm at the whele a stythy and a pair of bellows. 
Itm at Whitley, a chayr, a chymney, iij mete bords 
in the chechyn, a kneding trough, a moldyng bord, 
a fournes, a wort stoon, a lede in a fo"me, all the bedds 
in the plo’, ij yronbonde coffers, an arke, an awmery 
in the chambre, an arke and a bedde in the new cham- 
ber, iij close bedds in the malthouse, a stepefatt, a 
close bedde, and the iij close bedds to stand still for 
the svntes. Itm I will that out of the meses, w' th’ 
app’tenncs in Dalton my seid feoffes shall suffer, aft" 
my decesse, the profetts yerely to be taken in fo'me 
folowyng. First xiiij* vj* to find a preist at Ecclesfeld 
to sing yerely lx messes, that is, ij tymes Seint Gregory 
trentall, w' svyce therto belonging. _Itm of the seid 
mese yerely iiij* to the vicar of the same chirche to 
pray for the soules of me, my ij wiffs, ny fad" and 
mod’, and all myn aunceto's and child’ soules, on the 
Sonday in the chirch. Itm for an obijt evy yere to be 
made for Thoms Pko', Elsabt, and Agnes, his wiffs, 
his fad" and mod* soules, out of the seid mese v" 


NOTES, ETC., RELATING TO FAMILIES OF PARKER. 31 


yerely to be takyn and paid. Itm to the clerc for 
v mynnyngs yerely to be paid v* of the said mese. 
Itm that the residew of the mese, that is ijs. iiij*, 
that my childer ther being shall have yerely j*, and 
the residew to poore folkes having most nede. Itm 
that seint Mychell warke if it may be shall have vj* 
viij* Itm in likecase to the p‘o' and covent of the 
charterhouse, vj* viij* Itm I ordeyn to be ovseers 
of this my last will M'. Herry Evinghm, esquier, to 
whome shalbe geven xx* Thoms Evynghm, sonne 
of the seid Herry, to whome shalbe giffen x* Sir 
Thoms Thorley, pson of Thorley, to whome xx* 
Robert Pko', my sonne, Robert Gilberthorp, Willm 
Crofte, to evy of the seid Robert and William for 
rewarde vj* viij*, and the costes of all my seid ovseers 
wher or whed' so ev they be called to be borne at all 
tymes of my goodes. The residew of my goods be- 
fore not bequethed, I will that my wiff shall have hir 
thirde parte theroff and the seconde pt to be disposed 
and spendyd at my buriall and afterwarde for the well 
of my soule. And the thirde pt therof I giff and 
bequethe to Richard Pker, my sonne. Itm I will 
that Robert Pker, my sonne, shall pay unto Agnes 
Pker, my wiff, yerely during hir liff, xiij* iij* Itm 
I will that John Parker, my sonne, shall pay unto the 
same Agnes, his mod’, evy yere during hir liff, xxvj° 
viij*, in mony of hir thirde and dowery. Itm I wiil 
that Richard Pker, my sonne, shall pay unto the 
same Agnes, his mod’, every yere during hir lif xxvj* 
viij* in mony for hir thirde and dowery, if the for- 
seid my childer may their landes peasably enioy 
wout trouble or recovy. Also I ordeyn and make 
Agnes Parker, my wiff, John Pkar and Richard Pker, 
my sonnes, myn executo's of this my psent testament. 
In witnes wherof herunto I have set my seale, thes 


32 NOTES, ETC., RELATING TO FAMILIES OF PARKER. 


being witnesses, sir Thoms clerc, vicar of Ecclesfeld. 
Thoms Robt Grubbe, and Shircliff, John Wilkinson, 
od’ moo, the day and yere abovesaid. 
Probatum fuit p vicariu de Sheffeld, p comissionem [1510]. 
Reg. Test. 8, fol. ssa. 

1511. Dec. 10. Sciant &c. I, Robert Parker, of Little 
Norton, son and heir of Thomas Parker, late of 
Ecclesfield, grant to Richard Greve, of Haldisworth, 
all lands, &c., in Dungworth and Ughill, which de- 
scended to me by right of inheritance after the death 
of my father. (Hunter's Notes from Wilson’s 
Yorkshire Deeds, Addit. MSS. 24467, p. 193.) 

1535. April 8. Will of Robert Parker, of Lytyll Norton cos 
Derby—to be beryed in the p. ch. of Sant James at 
Norton—to S* James on lb of wax to be bernt a for 
hym. I assyne my ferme y‘ I have be leyise of the 
Abbot & convent of Bewecheff to ysabelle my wyffe, 
& to John my son aft hur decesse, durent my termes. 
Also, I beyng seke in my bode & whole in my mynd, 
do testyfy y' y® lands of my faders yt they of 
Ekylsfeld hold wrongfully were gyffyn to y°® chyrch 
of Sant James at Norton wher my faders bones 
lyeth, & y‘ was hys last wylle & mynd os I shall make 
answere a for God at y* dredfull day of dome—Gives 
rest of goods to be delt amongst my wyff & my 
chylder. Ex, ysabell my wyff, John Parker my son, 
& gylbartt butteler. Mest. John Seleok m*™ John 
Parker, overseers. Witnesses, S' Thomas gylbart 
clerk,* John Alen, the elder, John berten, Ric. 
berte, Godfrey Holand and others. 

Proved at Lichfield 1536. 

1535- Sheffield. John Parker, of Eklesfield—bailiff. (Pegge’s 
Beauchief Abbey, page 196.) 

1536-7. 28 Henry VIII. Isabell Parker, of Norton, in the 


* He was chanter at Beauchief Abbey, and Vicar at Norton 1524. 


j 


NOTES, ETC., RELATING TO FAMILIES OF PARKER. 33 


county of Derby, widow, and Thomas Parker of the 
same, husbandman, her son and _ heir apparent. 
Bond to John Greyves, of Windel, in the parish of 
Bradfield, yeoman, and Robert Greyves, of Halds. 
worth, yeoman, in £40, to suffer them to enjoy 40 
acres of arable, meadow, and wood, in Woodhouse, 
Ughill, and Dungworth, late parcel of the inheritance 
of Robert Parker, father of the said Thomas. ( Wit- 
son's Collections. Abstracted by Mr. Hunter. Addit. 
MSS. 24467). 

(Date not given.) Fine, between John Greaves and Robert 
Greaves, plaintiffs, and Isabell Parker, widow, and 
Thomas Parker, son and heir apparent of the said 
Isabell deforciants, of messuage and lands in Wood- 
house, Ughill, and Dongworth. 

1537. July 22. Will of Angnes Parkar of Lyghtwod in Norton, 
in my lafull meydonhowd—my bode to be bered in 
y° chyrch yarde at Norton.—to my syster Margaret a 
new gowne cloth on made and all thyngs yrto be- 
longyng yf yt hur husbond and my systers do agre 
well or ellz I put hyt to y* discression of my syster 
Maud—to my syster Elenore my best gowne, and to 
Elsabz hur doghter (amongst sundry things) a peyr 
of beyds of geylt with iii ryngs of sylver and a crose 
of sylver—residue to Maud geyr my syster, and she 
executrix, Witnesses S‘ Thomas Gylbartt, clerk, 
Phylyp gylle and John gylle with oder more. 

1537-8. 29 Henry VIIL, (Dronfield, &c.,) Rent of tithe, grange, 
house, dove-cote, and a croft 3 also of the tithes of 
the grain of Hamdelame [ forsan Hundelane] Somer- 
ley, Apernoll, Povey, and Cosley [? Cowley], hamlets 
in Dronfield parish, &c., &c., under lease to Henry 


Parker, of London, mercer - - 417. 9.2 
Rent of tithe in grain in Byrchett [? in Dronfield], 
with a croft, held by John Parker - 40 16 o 


1540. Aug. 4, 32 Henry VIII., Sir Wm. West, knt., had a grant 


34 NOTES, ETC., RELATING TO FAMILIES OF PARKER. 


from the king of the reversion of the site of Darley 
Abbey, &c., messuages in occupation of (zt. alios) 
John Parker, in Hanley and Hinkersall, in the parish 
of Staveley, formerly belonging to the Abbey of 
Beauchief. Messuage, &c., in tenure of (dt. alios) 
Thomas Parker and Henry Parker, in the hamlets 
of Woodseats, Little Lees, and Little Norton. 
(Pegge’s Beauchief Abbey). 

1545. August 14. Will of Isabell Parker, late the wife of 
Robert Parker, of Little Norton, in my lawful 
widowhood—to be buried in the churchyard of St 
James, at Norton—bequeath third part of goods 
at the house to Jone Parker, dau. of John Parker, 
my son—make executor Thomas Parker, my son— 
Witnesses, Thomas Gylbart, clerk, Thomas Came, 
Martin Boswell. Proved at Lichfield, 1545. 

1548. 1st Nov., 1 Edw. VI. Lease from Thomas Babington to 
Thomas Parker, of Little Norton, yeoman,* of all 
that his moyte parte & ppartye of all such toftes 
closes, lands, &c, whyche be sett lyenge or beynge 


* “‘Veoman” implies a condition of life a little better than that which 
would be now indicated by the word. The yeomanry of England, in the reign 
of Elizabeth, formed the class next to those who were the acknowledged 
gentry using coat-armour of right. ° They lived for the most part on lands of 
their own. Hunter’s Founders of New Plymouth, 1854, page 105. 

‘“*The power which the country gentlemen and the country clergymen 
exercised in the rural districts, was in some measure counterbalanced by the 
power of the yeomanry, an eminently manly and true-hearted race. The 
petty proprietors who cultivated their own fields, and enjoyed a modest com- 

etence, without affecting to have scutcheons and crests, or aspiring to sit on 
the bench of Justice, then [17th century] formed a much more important part 
of the nation than at present. If we may trust the best statistical writers of 
that age, not less than a hundred and sixty thousand proprietors, who, with 
their families, must have made up more than a seventh of the whole popula- 
tion, derived their subsistence from little freehold estates. The average 
income of these small landowners was estimated at between sixty and seventy 
pounds a year. It was computed that the number of persons who occupied 
their own land was greater than the number of those who farmed the land of 
others.” Macaulay’s History of England, 1849, Vol. I., page 334, from the 
accession of James I.” 

“Dr. Pegge, in Hist. Beauchief Abbey, p. 192, mentions one Arthur 
Kynder, yeoman, who died 22nd July, 4 Elizabath (1562) possessed of lands 
at Brampton, and observes, that although he was styled a yeoman only, he 
held several other estates at Brampton and Hayfeild Magna, and must have 
been a person of some note. 


i 


NOTES, ETC., RELATING TO FAMILIES OF PARKER. 35 


in Lyttle Norton or elswhere w™ yn the lordsyppe 
of Norton, and that nowe be in the tenure or occu- 
pacyon of the sayd Thomas Parker or of any other 
pson or psons &c., and somtyme were in the tenure 
or occupacyon of Robert Parker father of the sayd 
Thoms Parker. To hold for 21 years. Rent 
T5Se, 97d. (Mr. Swift.) 

1552¢ 6 Edward VI., February 26th. Will of John Parker, of 
Egglesfeld, co. York. My body to be buried by my 
wifes in the church of our Blessed Lady of 
Egglesfeld aforesaid—to the poorman’s box there 
3s. 4d.—to Thomas Parker my son a clock, a chime, 
a missall, a chalice, a superaltare, and vestments, 
and one altar-cloth, as heirlooms.—to said Thomas 
Parker my tenement which I hold of the demise 
and grant of the Right Hon™* Francis Earl of 
Shrewsbury, with a water-wheel and watercourse to 
the said tenement belonging at Wadesley Bridge, 
during the term that I have.—to Thomas Parker and 
Richard Parker, my sons, my tenement or ferm of 
Wadsley Smithies, and Treeton Smithies, with 
Treeton Mill, during my lord’s pleasure, with all the 
iron &c.—to Richard Parker, my son, Smithy at 
Whitley, my tacke of my wheel under Egglesfeld 
with a stithe &c., and my sithe-mark, if he be 
aminded to occupy the occupation.—to Thomas 
Parker and Richard Parker, Thomas Howsley, and 
George Mawer, all raiment unbequeathed, to be 
equally divided.—to the wife of the said Thomas 
Parker the best belt that was my second wife’s.—to 
the wife of said Richard Parker a pair of the best 
beeds that were my said wife’s.—to Ciclie Parker my 
wife all the silver and gold of mine that she hath in 
her custody ;—one iron-bound chest, and all the 
silver and gold therein, as it standeth at Henry 
Savin’s, to Frances Parker my daughter.—and also, 


36 


1564. 


1580. 


NOTES, ETC., RELATING TO FAMILIES OF PARKER. 


whereas there are eight keys belonging to the said 
chest, I will that Cicily my wife have the keeping of 
two of them, Nicholas Grace other two, Thomas 
Parker other two, and Thomas Howsley other two.— 
Nicholas Parker, son of Thomas Parker, Thomas 
Howsley and Elizabeth his wife and their children. 
—George Mawer, Agnes his wife and their children. 
—grand-daughter Margaret Parker, dau. of Thomas 
P.—Effam Howsley.—Forty of the poorest people in 
Egglesfeld to have a peck of rye, or else sixpence in 
money.—Cicily P. my wife, Frances P. my daughter, 
Thomas Howsley my son-in-law, George Mawer my 
son-in-law, to be executors. Robert Swift, of 
Beighton, esq., Robert Blunt, gentleman, and 
Thomas Parker, Nicholas Grace, supervisors 

Witnesses, Sir Edmund Robinson, chaplain, 
Robert Blunt, gentleman, Humphrey Staniforth and 
Edward Bower. 

I have bought of Richard Parker, my son, a 
messuage, &c., in Egglesfeld, and other lands &c.— 
To the church of Egglesfeld xx* towards the buying 
of two bells, to be paid at such times as the 
parishioners shall fortune to buy and pay for the said 
bells, and not else. Cicily my wife to keep and find 
Frances my daughter meat, drink, and clothing till 
she comes to lawful age, of and for the profits of 
her lands. 

Proved at York 27th April 1555. 


June 24. William Parker, of Whitley, yeoman, occurs as 


trustee, with others, of lands for Henry Bromhead. 


22 Eliz., Sept. 30. John Parker, of Norton Lees, esq., 


to Thomas Littlewood of Stannington, tanner, and 
others—sale of land. 


(Zo be continued. ) 


Sir JouN STATHAM, = 
Knt., M.P., P.C., by 
18 May, 1676, ob, (Queen 


PEDIGREE OF THE STATHAM FAMILY. 


I 
BARBARA, 


| 
=THOMAS STATHAM, = 


HENRY STATHAM, —......... 
of Edeshall and Morley, | 
co. Derby, attorney-at- 
law, ob. ante 1638. 


JoHN STATHAM, = ANNE, 
of Edeshall and Tideswell, | dau. of Thomas 
Captain of Horse for King | Buxton, of Car- 
Charles I., A.D. 1642. sington and 
Tideswell. 


lr 2 
Mary. 


dau. and co-h, of | of Tideswell, gent., | dau. and co-h. of John 


Cromwell Meverell, 
ob, 2. vel. 9, April | 
1682, zt. 35. | 
| 


BRIDGET, 
., bp. T. | dau. and co-h. of Henry 
Wigley, of Wigwell, 


Anne’s Envoy to Court of | Esq., sep. T. 13 Dec. 


WIGLEY STATHAM, 
Sheriff of Derbyshire, 
1725-6, ob. 5. p. 
1735-6. 


CHARLES. 


Henry. 
Gre E. 
Mary, 
JANE. 


Turin.) | 1737- 


ob. 24 April, 1702, 


Ibbotson, of Bradfield, 
and relict of Nicholas 
Shiercliffe, of Whitley 
| Hall, co, Ebor. sep. T. 
| 22 Feb., 1723-4. ~ 


et. 53. 


BRIDGET. 
sep. 
Tyddeswell, 
24 July, 1726. 


JouHN STATHAM, 
ob, s. p. 1770, 
vel. 84. 


1731. | 
Mary. =RicHARD HoBson, 
of Kirkby Moor, 

co. Ebor, Esq. 


of Ridge Hall, Esq., 
ob. s. p. 1739, Vir. I. 


md. 3rd H 


BENJAMIN BAGSHAWE,= KATHARINE STATHAM, =Lt.-General PHiirrs, 


of Wallingford and 
Chiswick, Esq., ob. s. p 


| 
MARGARET. 


enry Barker, | (at Battle of Boyne), 
Col. goth Foot, 1717 ; 
Gov. Nova Scotia, 


| 
V 1720; ob. 1751, xt. 90. | 


| 
WILLIAM STATHAM,= FRANCES, 
of Sheffield Park, | dau. of Nich. 
Gen, Shiercliffe, of 
Whiteley Hall, 
M.D. 
| 
| 
Mary STATHAM, =JOHN SMILTER, 
ob. 1791. of Richmond, 
ob. 1777. 


| 
FRANCES,= JONATHAN Hurt, 
md. 1719. of Sheffield. 


ELIZABETH STATHAM, = 
md. 1 Jan., 1710, ob. 9 
April 1774, et. 82. 


SAMUEL ECCLEs, 
of Tideswell,attorney-at-law; 
b. 12 Noy., 1687, ob, 8 Oct., 
1734. (2nd son of Samuel 
Eccles, of Mansfield.) 


ANNE EccLes, =JOHN MANDER, 
b. 26 Oct., 1722, of Bakewell, 
ob. 14 Noy., 1793. | attorney-at-law, 

ob. 31 Dec., 1786, 
eet. 70. 
AN 


Light other 
children. 


37 


Stv Fohu Statham, of Wigiwell. 


By Joun SLEIGH, J.P. 


4]ROM the sweepings of an old lawyer’s office at Bake- 
well, I have rescued several letters in the handwriting 
See} oof that worthy, though somewhat querulous and over- 
_ weening old knight, Sir John Statham, which seem worthy of 
_ enshrinement in our Journal. The description of Wigwell itself, 


makes one almost long to revert to an age when everything 
_ accommodated itself so charmingly to the comfort and delectation 
of mine host and his guests. I append a short explanatory 


Feast of Pentecost comonly called Whitsunday last past, before 
he date hereof, according to a Composition formerly made with 
us Maiesties’ Commissioners for compounding for Recusants 
Lands and goods, the same being for the Recusancie of him the 
Sayd George Poole—I say receiued by the Right Honourable 
Thomas Lord Viscount Wentworth, Lo: President of His 


38 SIR JOHN STATHAM, OF WIGWELL. 


Maiesties Right Honorable Councell established in the North 
parts: and Receiuer of such Rents, and other summes of money 
as are paiable to his Maiesty by the Recusants of the Northerne 


Counties. 
d/- Ri: Elmehurste. 


Adjutator meus Deus 


Is Statham’s Family Motto. 
Wigwall, in Derbyshire, the 19" of March. 
1757 

Whilst the Devil, and Evil Spirits, have Power in the World, so 
long will Envy, Malice, Lies, & Detraction, continue. No Per- 
son in the County has suffer’d more by vile Calumnies, than Sir 
John Statham, who for many years has been the Mark, at which 
the Faction have shot their envenom’d Arrows, and bent their 
whole Efforts. 

His neglecting, despising, & contemning them, gave them too 
much Encouragement, to continue their Reproaches. What 
Wrongs, Injustice, & Oppression, have they not charg’d him with ? 
And what Mortgages, Judgements, & other Securities, have they 
not loaded his Estates with. These Wrongs were Thirty Years 
ago exposed, & made evident by publick Advertisements, through 
the whole kingdom, which then crushed that villainous Attempt. 
After all these Years, The Faction have again revived their 
Calumnies, which compells Sir John for his own Reputation, 
& to comply with the Importunity of his Friends, thus publickly 
to Advertise. 

‘That if any Person can prove, that he hath done them any 
‘manner of Wrong, or Injustice, he promises to restore them 
‘Four-Fold. And if any Person whatsoever, have any just Debt, 
‘or Demand on him, he desires they’ll apply to him for imme- 
‘diate Payment, & if delayed, desires not to have it conceal’d. 
‘But if after this Notice, those wicked Wretches, shall have the 
‘Impudence, to continue their zm#pudent villainous Falshoods, 
‘he resolves to prosecute them with the utmost Severity. Or 


SIR JOHN STATHAM, OF WIGWELL. 39 


‘ ‘otherwise use them as such Miscreants deserve. And for the 
_ *Publick Good, he heartily wishes, The Faction would do the like 


‘in their own Affairs. 
J. STaTHAM. 


N. B. For the Comfort of the Envious, It happens, Sir John 
is so far from having incumbred Estates, that he can on any 
good Occasion, raise out of his Soughs, Mines, and Other Per- 
sonality, and Effects, above Ten Thousand Pounds, without 
loading or incumbring, any of his Real Estates. 


| 


printed broadside. 


a 


(Sir Jno. Statham to Charles Stanhope Esg’* Elvaston.) 


DEar SiR, 


in alien Viel 


It was uneasy to leave you, but night at hand, I 
almost overtook Sir N. I did not drive up to him, but went 
straite home. I begun to consider how to engage you to come 
hither. If I cu’d form a delicious place by poetical description I 
wu’d do it to intice you, but I'll give you a plain natural dis- 
cription, & then you'l not be deceived, since youve seen into 
nature as faras any man. ‘This was the cheif seate of the great 
Abbot of Darleigh ; I stand in clear air in the region of Health, 
am not confined, for am above 7 miles in circumference, a Mann* 
‘without one foot of any one’s interfereing. In that district is all 
the convenience of life, Wood, Coal, Corn of all sorts, Park 
‘Venison, a Warren for Rabbits, Fish, Fowl, in the utmost per- 
fection, exempted from all Jurisdiction, no Bishops, Priests, 
Proct™, Apparato™, or any such last mentioned Vermine can 
‘breath here. Our way of life here is, Every one does that wh. 
is right in his own eyes, go to bed, sit up, rise early, lie late, all 
easy, only we are confined to meet at breakfast, and then order 
by agreem' what’s for dinner; the pastures are loaded with good 


partridges, the Canals and Steues with excellent fish, & the 


ald 


40 SIR JOHN STATHAM, OF WIGWELL. 


barne doores with the finest white, plump Phesant fowles, out of 
those you order your dayly entertainm‘'. After this, if you’re for 
shooting, Moor game, partridges, Wild Ducks, &c at the door; if 
exercise, a good bowling green & many long walks; if reading, a 
library ; if walking, a dry Park, with a delicious nut wood, full of 
singing birds, turtles & Guinea hens, a delicate Eccho, where 
musick sounds charmingly. In it are labarinths, statues, arbors, 
springs, grottos & mossy banks, in the middle a large clear fish 
Pond with a draw bridge & Close Arbor, in the Water a Cellar 
for choice liquor, & the whole stow’d full of nimphs kind & 
obliging without art or designe more than Love for Love. Theres 
about 30 families in the liberty, & in every house you may discerne 
some good blood. If retirement be irksome, on notice to Wirks- 
worth theres loose hands, Gentlemen, Clerygymen &c Ever ready 
at an hour & stay just as long as you’d have ’em and no longer & 
easy to be told so. This is really a genuine and true description 
of this place & way of life, if you’l come & try it & use it as your 
own, as the master is intirely yoS Ido think you'd say as the 
first Duke of D. s*, the 3 days he was yearly lost in Needwood 
forest, those were the only days wherein he tasted life. If rainy 
weather confines you, I have a library & the famous Chimist M* 
Harris to amuse you with experiments & a Playwright author of 
some Comedies to divert you. And as I know you rather delight 
in giving life than taking it away your visit would give new life to 
Oss? yt miosti&e. 9 J.78: 


(tn dorso) ‘‘Tothe Hon** Charles Stanhope Esq at his Seate 
at Elvaston.” (Stine date.) 


July ye 8th 1723. 
An Abstract of my Title to my Estate at Matlock & Tansley. 


It’s the small remaind" of a very plentifull Estate w® the 
Stathams had in Derbyshire ; their ancient seat was at Morley, 
Com. Derb’ & Barton com’ Lanc’ which last they lost by the 


SIR JOHN STATHAM, OF WIGWELL. 4I 


match w' an heiress toS Thomas Booth of Barton, now Earles 
of Warrington.* And the estate at Morley John Sacheverell 
acquired by marriage of Joan the Daughter & Heir of Henry 
brother of S‘ Thomas Statham of Morley, and Sacheverell enjoys 
Morley and y* Earles of Warrington Barton to this day. But 
diverse of the Collaterall branches of Statham’s Family flourished 
in the neighbourhood and Match’d with some of the Best 
Familys in Derb’ Lanc’ Nott.: as y* Curzon’s, Cliftons &c. t 
Were owners of Horsley, Edlestall, Tansley & Matlock com’ 
Derb’ & diverse of them served for Sherriffs of the said Countys 
& were eminent in their generations, as S' Rowland Statham & 
S' Nicholas were Barons of y* Exchequer,{ and St John Statham 
an eminent Lawyer who wrote Statham’s Abridgement of y* Law, 
and was afterwards a Judge of y* Comon Please (were my lineal 
_ Ancestors).§ He amonge other things in his Abridge™ takes 
notice of his Miller of Matlock Mill who hearing y® Preist at 
Mass say tolle, tolle, went home & tolled twice, which Mill my 


e. 


great grandfather sold to M' Hodgkinson for 860" 

Another branch of the Family went into Cheshire where they 
_ lived in very great repute, till y* Eldest branch haveing only one 
_ Daughter, S' Thomas Booth y* ancestor of y*® Earle of Warrington 
married her & had a great estate by her, & y° whole Towne 
call’d Statham in Cheshire still enjoy’d by y® Earl of Warrington ; 
_ there is a Constablery there call’d Statham’s Constablery within 
which High Legh stands. The-remainder of the estate which 
_descend’d to my Father’s great grandfather was only 360" p’ Ann’ 
_w was kept till y° Rebellion in K. Charles y* 1% time,|] & then 
my Fathers’ Grandfather raised a Troop of Horse for y® King’s 
‘Service, was long a Prisoner in Nott: & Derby Goales for his 


3 *V. Herald’s Office, Earle of Warrington tombs; monts, &c. at Morley, 
Horsley, &c. “! 
+ Naston’s Book of Heraldry in possion of H. Bradshawe, of Marple, 


{ History of Exchequer ; Fuller’s Worthies ; Statham’s Abridg™. 

§ V. Descent in Her : Office. 

|| Vide Deeds, Evidences in my Father’s possion hereafter named, but many 
were lost when plundered. 


‘4 


42 SIR JOHN STATHAM, OF WIGWELL. 


Loyalty, was frequently plundered & sequestred* & had a 
Brother his cornet killed in y* King’s service, by which means’ 
having a numerous Family of Children & being driven from place 
to place by y® Rebells being voted a notorious Delinquent & a 
reward offer'd to any that cu’d take him dead or alive & his goods 
& effects to be free booty, & his Sovoraigne being martyr’d & y* 
Loyall party ruin’d, he was forc’d to compound with y* Committee 
of y® Rebells at Goldsmithshall for his Estate ;+ but just before y* 
Restauration had sold & convey’d his seat & estate at Edlastall 
where my great Grandfather, and Grandfather were born, to 
Thomas Gladwin (who was then in possion und* y® sequestration,) 
for about rooo", altho’ worth 3000" and upwards. Shortly after 
God Almighty restored the Royall Family but my great Grand- 
father gained nothing, was only Provost Marshall of y* County, (at 
that time of some command) by which he only keept more 
Company & incumbred the remaind’ of his Estate, & his eldest 
son John being a Capt® in y* Army & very Expensive was kill’d 
before y® walls of Mons and then my Grandfather was heir & my 
great Grandfather dying in 1679 (1619?) my Grandfather was 
forced to sell great part of his Estate at Matlock & Tansley } to pay 
debts, the residue he settled on my Father on marriage 1700, 
which small remaind* my Father hath given to me which I now 
enjoy but part of: it is intailed on heirs-males. 

“JT begg your indulgence to hear me a few minets, on acc‘ of 
the great Value I have for you all, & that I may not leave the 
world with yo’ mean or ill opinion of me. Everyone desires to 
live in the thoughts of those he has an esteeme for; that is my 
only inducem‘'. In the course of this Dispute, I appeale to the 
whole world, as to the false charges & contemptuous treatm*' I 
have rec’, and that eaven from the hand of a friend w" wounds 
the deepest. A man wu’d think ’41 was returned & levelling 
Principles had poss’ed the world, to corrupt gentl" of great learning 
& worth. A mob has been brought to appear to countenance one 


* Vide Sequestration Book for y® Co. of Derby. 
+ V. Owlers Inde. + Vide Matlock Ct Rolls and Books. 


SIR JOHN STATHAM, OF WIGWELL. 43 


of the Vilest of the people, a man for theft publickly whipt thoro’ 
a town; that has fled his Country for wicked practices ; that has 
been of a night gang of thieves in London: a Deer Stealer of the 
Kings Deer & lately of my own ; that has killed at least one man, 
& lain in waite to murder me & the Peace sworne agt him by 
Numbers ; that whilst under security for his good behaviour, broke 
his own house on their not readily hearing him on his returne from 
his night adventures, & near murdering his son and serv‘. Nay 
eaven since the last Assizes on his comeing late home & his 
daught" wearied with her journey & fast asleep, when he got in he 
drag’d her out of bed, beat her & kick’d her on the floor till she 
alarm’d the neighbourhood by crying out Murder, & on her getting 
into bed again, after some time, compelled his wife to pull her 
again out of Bed, & beat her & abuse her in a most barberous 
manner. Sure they must be persons of abandoned Charect*® that 
can countenance such a man, & must be as bad, if they screene 
him or support him in his Villany, as many have done, who have 
industriously run from Alehouse to Alehouse round the whole 
Country to belie & vilify the P* & bespatter him as a cruel, unjust 
man, as a proud vain-glorious man, fond of title, & of being called 
his hon" without any proper claime to it ; my Charect’ and circum- 
stances run down without foundation, & all the contemptuous 
usuage that can be offered to any gentl™ And am sorry to say it, 
eaven had its effect on a gent" of great worth, to use unbecoming 
language, neither Justifiable by the Laws of God or man, & w™ 
sort of Barr oratory has left a mark of Infamy on the memory of 
S* Edward Cooke the Oracle of the Law, without considering as 
Solomon says, It’s a fool casting about ffirebrands & death, & 
_ what cannot be restored to the Party his credit, & therefore cannot 
be repented of & no atonem* for it in this world. Fable of Boys 
_& firoggs, I am put on a level with the Deft the same snubs, 
& treatm, Have told me, the Def‘ was not bred to the Law, or 
as good a man, another said my proceedings were barbarous & 
scandalous, & that Gentl" wou’d appear, wu’d trust the deft more 
than they wu’d'me, and much more in the most contemptuous 
manner, and this without the Check of the Referrees but rather 


44 SIR JOHN STATHAM, OF WIGWELL. 


countenance, w™ compells me to shew I ought not to be thus used, 
& that some greater respect ought to be shewed me, w™ perhaps 
they were ignorant of.—As I am very near the end of my life 
being 7oY I wu’d not have any remembrance in the knowledge of 
my acquaintance, mean & little, Nor to think I look upon it as a 
reproach to own I was bred to the Law, tho’ the Profession is now 
sunk very low, or that I am fantastically fond of being called his 
hon’ or ever promoted it or desired it, & yet have an unquestion- 
able right to it, but no wond’ since they ridiculed S' N. C. claime 
to it, that they shu’d Jaugh at my pride & folly. In ord’ to set 
this affair in a true light, I am forced to be vain & an Egotist. 

1. Then I am of as ancient family as most in England, & can 
show a descent from the Royal ffamily of the Stewards & all the 
Crown’d heads in Europe. Vide the Epitaph settled by Garter 
from the Records. 

2. That my family have been K* of this County & Notting- 
shire United for many yeares appeares by the acc‘ of the Members 
on Records, & by diverse Wills and Evidences I can produce. 

3. That 3 of them have been Judges appeares by the printed 
Records. 

4. That one of them, S" John Statham wrote the Abridgem* of 
the Law, usefull to all thoro Lawyers, w*" might merrit some 
indulgence to his descend‘ the p‘ for any m** of inadvertency— 
Vide the original manuscript. 

The Temple of Hon’ was so situated that you must go to it 
thoro’ the Temple of Vertue, if the P" has gained it any other 
way, it’s rather a disgrace, and I beg therefore you’l hear a small 
historical part. From leaving Oxford and my entry in Grayes-inn 
in 1692, I continued there till I returned home, & from thence 
for a yeare under no Article or Ind" but verbally to M’ Turner, 
& so renewed and continued for several yeares—where no man 
was a better Lawyer nor more capable to instruct ; thence with 
Entring Clerk. I then returned home, 1696, & had contracted 
an intimate friendship with Vice-Chamberlain Coke, L* Bulling- 
broke, L* Lansdown, L* Buckley &c, w™ ever continued to the 
last ; by w™ meanes I neither was called to the Barr, nor admitted 


SIR JOHN STATHAM, OF WIGWELL. 45 


or practiced as an attorny. I name this because it’s comonly 
given out as if I look’d upon it as a disgrace, whereas the greatest 
of the Lords have had that Education, but it happened thus, my 
Father had many great suites under his managem* at his death, of 
which I was to take care & conduct to their desired period, 
(which I did by Mr. Bradbury an attorny,) & then to meddle 
with no new ones, but apply to the direction of these Lords, w™ I 
did, & was brought into Parliamt & was so countenanced 
by them as to have them consulting at my lodgeings dayly, where 
I have had some of the Judges and some that‘are now Lords 
come to Visit me &c. 

1. Then I was admitted & sworne of the Queen’s Privy 
Chamber, w™ gives the title of hon & preceeds the Judges. 
Then I was appointed Envoy to the Court of Turin & knighted 
& that Ambassad‘ with me in the Country. 

2. Then the good Queen died and I fear unfairly, for a 
Messeng" comeing for me I never left the Royal Corps. Was one 
of the 10 Envoys that supported the Canopy, with the 8 Dukes 
bearers. Tho’ my Ambassy was then over, yet it was a 2° claim 
to the title. 

3. Is as a Knight, wis a Degree of hon™ of the inferior 
Nobility, and ever had the title. y 

4. As I have after one life the contingent claime to a Peerage, 
& the Estate. In these licencious times when everyone claimes 
& enjoys titles they have no right to, if I had exerted my right, 
(which I did not,) no one c’ud blame me. 

The sons of Dukes wu’d be angry if you wu’d call ’em only 
Squires, & not Lords, & the Barr® at Law, & Sheriffs after 
their Shreivalties, or Justices of Peace out of Common, still are 
called ’Squires, tho’ really are not so, nor any but a Knight’s 
eldest son & his eldest son for ever. 

I have been more particuler in this, for have had serv’ that 
have lived with gen!" officers & eaven recruiting Officers they give 
that title to, tho’ I have forbid it, yet I have been despised for it 
by ignorant, envious & clownish people. 

5. The last title to it is by being Surveyo" Gen by Patent for 


46 SIR JOHN STATHAM, OF WIGWELL. 


life, with preceedences of all & the same Degree, & to enjoy all 
hon® &c (vide the Patent). 

The Monum* in Morley Church & those of Statham in Cheshire, 
where sir Tho. Statham, sir Rowland Statham & many others, as 
by the inscriptions ly buried. Others at Barton where the Earl 
of Warrington lives, & had that Estate by a Match with a dau’ of 
Statham ; as Sacheverel had Morley. Vide Deeds, Pedegrees &c. 

I was farr from denieing being bred to the Law out of pride or 
contempt, but the Case was this, after my father’s death, I had 
some warme bills in Equity ag me, for some writeings & charged 
as put into my hands, as an Attorny ; and by that thought to 
influence a Co" who seldom have that regard for an Attorny as 
they ought, nor the Council that subsist by ’em. I answered I 
had not nor ever saw such Deeds, nor ever was an Attorny &c; 
& on that ac* thro’ the course of my life, truely disowned it, tho’ 
often urged in the suites for Charity schools at Tideswell, &c. In 
ord’ to bring an odium on the managem* as if an Attorny cu’d not 
be an honest man. 

It has likewise been sworne by some ungrateful people, that it’s 
said few persons have dealt with me, but I have ruined them or 
given ’em Cause to complain, but this is so cautiously worded 
that no Information can be brought. It’s pitty the Co‘ of 
Hon" was not yet subsisting. I must therefore with S‘ Paul be 
forced to boast :— 

1. Whilst I had power I exerted it for the good of my Country 
& put in above forty officers into the Excize, Customes &c 

2. Augmented 2 poor liveings. 

3. Built a Spire on Tideswell Church. 

4. Gave & erected them an Organ there. 

5. At my own expence preserved the School there, & gave 74 
p Ann’ land for ever to it. And 300" Costs of suites I forgave, 
& 10% towards building School. 

6, At my own expence got the Augmentation to Sheen, Fenny 
Stratford. 

7- To All S* in Derby 20%, As my Ancest™ St Tho: Statham 
built & endowed the Chappel on St. Mary’s bridge—See the Deed. 


Al kwy 


j 
4 


SIR JOHN STATHAM, OF WIGWELL. 47 


8. Assisted & gave 10 to Augment" Tideswell Vicaridge. 

Have inriched & raised many familys, as Milns, Baker, Nall, 
ffoxlow &c, and never ruined any one. At Wirks’ Shows &c 
Batty’s & Hanson. P.G. 

My expectat" from S‘ P. Gell destroy’d by attachm' to M" Leek 
&c 

Master of the King’s Game (as S* John Arundel,) of High Peak 
& Wirks’, for my life from 1700, all the Town obnoctious, yet 
never took any person up except S’ P. G. serv‘ Stow (q : Storer ?) 
& except M’ Eyre of H. & M* Wilmot, and no sort of Qualifica- 
tion intitles them to kill the King’s Game.” 


(in dorso: “ Duffield, 24 Augt 1745. To Referrees & Com*®”’) 
These are to certify that I have sworn & 
admitted John Statham Esq into the place 
& quality of one of the Gentlemen of Her 
Majesty’s most hon™® Privy Chamber in 
ordinary. To have hold exercise & enjoy 
the said Place together with all Rights 
profits privileges & advantages thereunto 
belonging in as full & ample manner as 
any Gentleman of y° Privy Chamber to Her 
Majesty now holds or of right ought to hold 
& enjoy y°same. Given under my hand & 
seal this 24" day of May, 1714, in the 13th 

year of her Majesty’s reign. 

J. COKE. 


(Original given to D’ Ewes Coke, Esq: 4 Jan’, 1833.) 


48 


On a Palimpsest Brass tw Norbury Church, 
Derbyshive; with some remarks on the 
Monumental Grasses of Derbyshire. 


By W. H. St. Jonn Hops, B.A. 


ay Da” the class of memorial known as ‘‘ Monumental 
() Brasses,” the County of Derby possesses about 
24} fifty specimens, of which thirty-three only have 

figures of the deceased. The occurrence of so 
comparatively few examples is to be accounted for, to a great 
extent, by the abundance of stone and alabaster for the manu- 
facture of sculptured effigies and incised slabs, of which the 
county has a large number of fine instances. That this is a 
probable reason may be seen by a comparison with the county of 
Norfolk. There stone is scarce, and consequently effigies in that 
material are the exception and not the rule—while the monu- 
mental brasses exceed five hundred in number. 

Brasses may conveniently be divided into (1) those of Eccle- 
siastics, (2) Military brasses, (3) those of Civilians. 

Of the first division Derbyshire has but four examples, viz. :— 
ASHOVER, Philip Eyre, Rector (c. 1510) ;* DronrieLp, Thomas 
Gomfrey, Rector (1399), and his brother Richard, Rector of 
Tatenhall—both on same slab; TIDESWELL, Robert Pursglove, 
Prior of Gisborough and Suffragan Bishop of Hull (1579). [This 
effigy is a well-known and oft-quoted example of a Bishop vested 
in the “ Ornaments of the Minister” of the famous “ Ornaments 


* The dates given are those of the probable date of the brass. 


ie 


BRASS IN NORBURY CHURCH. 49 


Rubric” of the Book of Common Prayer.]; WALTON-ON-TRENT, 

Robert Morley, Rector (1492). 

The second division furnishes us with about twenty figures of 
Knights and Esquires, dating from 1454 to 1570. The best ex- 
amples are at ASHBURNE, CHESTERFIELD, HATHERSAGE, MORLEY, 
MucciInTon, SawLey, and Sravetey. Eight of these effigies 
have tabards or ‘‘ coats of arms” over their armour ; namely, those 
at ASHBURNE, CHESTERFIELD, EtTwatl, HATHERSAGE (2), 
SravELEy, and WILNE (2). The effigy of Robert Bothe at 
SawLey (1478) has the Yorkist Collar of Suns and Roses, and 
that at MuccinTon of Nicholas Kniveton, the Lancastrian Collar 
of S.S. with the Portcullis Badge of the Beauforts as a pendant. 
The last-named figure has the helmet beneath the head surmounted 
by a most remarkable crest, representing a wolf regarding its own 
image ina mirror. With one exception all these military figures 
are accompanied by those of their ladies, but Sir John Porte 
at Erwatt (1557) and Sir Thos. Stathum at Morey (1470) have 
each two wives, and Henry Stathum at Morey (148r) has three! 

The chief examples of the third class, or Brasses of Civilians, 
exclusive of the figures of ladies on the Military Brasses, are a 

_ curious little plate at Cricu, with a child in swaddling clothes 
(1637)—Richard Blackwall and wife at Tappincron (1505)— 
_ Robert Lytton and wife at TipEswELL (1483)—and Sir Anthony 
Fitzherbert, Justice of the Common Pleas at Norsury (1538). 
To this last I shall refer at length further on. 

The Derbyshire brasses do not furnish any very large and 
striking examples, and the Cokayne brass at ASHBURNE is the only 
_ one with a canopy, but we must not say that our specimens are 
devoid of interest because they are mostly of small size; on the 
contrary, many of their details are cited as typical illustrations by 
the Rev. Herbert Haines in his ‘‘ Manual of Monumental Brasses,”’ 
and a work descriptive and illustrative of the entire series would 
be a valuable contribution to the archeology of the county. 

Many matrices or indents of lost brasses occur in various 
churches—there are two fine ones at WIRKSWORTH and CHESTER- 
FIELD. The lost and mutilated brasses of the Foljambes at 


50 BRASS IN NORBURY CHURCH. 


CHESTERFIELD and TIDESWELL have recently been restored by 
one of the members of our Society, Mr. C. G. S. Foljambe, M.P., 
and the Cokayne brass at ASHBURNE, by Mr. Geo. Cokayne, 
Lancaster Herald. Portions of a monumental brass, and of two 
matrices or slabs from which the brasses had been stolen, were 
discovered during the excavations at DALE ABBEY. 

There are good series of brasses at HATHERSAGE, MORLEY, 
and TIDESWELL. 

Of the singular class known as “ palimpsest ” or re-used brasses, 
we have three examples—one, an inscription at ASHOVER; a 
second, a portion of the brass found at Date Apsey, and the 
third an entire brass at Norpury. There is alsoa palimpsest s/ad 
at Mortey, that to which are affixed the effigies of Sir Henry 
Sacheverell and his lady ; the other side bearing the indent of a 
most elaborate brass of an Ecclesiastic—doubtless part of the 
spoil from Date. The Norsury palimpsest brass is the subject of 
this paper. 

This brass lies in the centre of the chancel between the two 
Fitzherbert tombs, on a slab of blue stone measuring ro ft. 5 ins. 
by 4 ft. 3 ins. Its original position was in the gangway of the 
nave. It commemorates Sir Anthony Fitzherbert, Knight, Justice 
of the Common Pleas, who died May 27, 1538—his two wives 
Dorothy Willoughby and Maud Cotton—and his ten children by 
the second wife. When entire it consisted of the figures of Sir 
Anthony and his second wife, with a shield above their heads, 
and an inscription in fourteen lines of Latin verse beneath their 
feet. Below this were the figures, in two detached groups, of 
their five sons and five daughters, and the composition was com- 
pleted by a marginal inscription, with the Evangelistic symbols at 
the angles. From the existence of a chiselled line beneath the 
figures of the children, it appears that the marginal legend was 
originally intended to have been of less length than eventually laid 
down. The Judge’s first lady does not appear on the monument, 
a separate brass inscription having been placed to her memory in 
Middleton Church, Warwickshire. The Norbury brass has, un- 
fortunately, been considerably mutilated. Sir Anthony has lost 


BRASS IN NORBURY CHURCH. 51 


his head, and part of his left side; the figures of the sons have 
disappeared altogether ; and only three small pieces of the marginal 
inscription are left ; a small portion is also missing from the effigy 
of the lady. The Justice is clothed in a long robe with narrow 
sleeves, a tippet with hood, and a mantle buttoned on the right 
shoulder. The tippet is just visible beneath the mantle, and the 
sleeves of an underdress appear at the wrists. In his right hand 
he holds a roll, and from the indent we see that he wore a close 
| skull cap somewhat pointed at the top. The figure measured 
. 3 ft. rin. in height. The lady wears a tight-fitting gown bound 
__ with fur at the wrists, secured by a girdle terminating in a rosette, 
. from which depends a double chain ending in tassels. Over this 
dress is an heraldic mantle, fastened in front of the shoulders by 
: 
4 


a cord passing through two metal studs or ‘‘ fermailes.” The 
dexter side of the mantle bears Sir Anthony’s arms :—Quarterly : 
ist and 4th, (Gw.) three lions rampant (Or.) Fitzherbert Ancient. 
2nd and 3rd, (drg.), a chief vairé (Or. and gu.), over all a bendlet 
(sa.) Fitzherbert Modern. On the sinister side the lady’s own 
arms :—Quarterly: 1st, (4z.), an eagle displayed (arg.) Ridware. 
_ and, (Gu.), three swords erect (arg.) Wadshelf. 3rd, (Arg.), three 
Jalcons (gu.) Falconer. 4th, (Az.), two bars (arg.) Venables. 
On an inescutcheon of pretence :—(Arg.), a bend between three 
_ plates (sa.) Cotton. Since the brass was laid down after Sir 
Anthony’s death by his widow, we find that, in addition to the 
_pedimental head-dress of the period, she wears the wimple round 
the chin and neck. The figure measures 3 ft. o} ins. in height. 

The shield over the heads of the effigies bears the arms of Fitz- 
herbert Ancient quartering Fitzherbert Modern, impaling those 
which are displayed on the sinister half of the Lady’s mantle. 

The figures of the five sons, as I have previously described, are 
lost. Mr. Cox | Churches of Derbyshire, iii. 241], gives their names 
_as follows :—Thomas, who married the heiress of Eyre of Padley, , 
and died without issue ; John, who married Catherine Restwold ; 
Richard, who married Mary Westcott ; and William, who married 
Elizabeth Swynnerton. The name of the eldest son, who died 
young, is unknown. From the indent on the slab it is evident 


\ 


52 BRASS IN NORBURY CHURCH. 


that his figure was of smaller size than the others, and probably 
held a scroll in the same manner as two of his sisters. 

The five daughters are distinguished by having their names 
written beneath them—dorothe & dame dorothe Elpenbethe Alvs 
& Hatherpn. The first and fourth are said to have died un- 
married. Probably their decease occurred in early life, for they 
are represented on the brass of smaller stature than their sisters, 
and a second daughter was afterwards called Dorothy. The 
first figure also holds a scroll inscribed Wisericordias Domini, and 
the fourth, one with the continuation in eternum cantabo. Of 
the three surviving sisters, Dorothy married (1) Sir Ralph Long- 
ford, and (2) Sir John Port; Elizabeth became the wife of 
William Bassett, of Blore ; and Katharine, of John Sacheverell. 
The five figures have each an outer gown with loose sleeves, cut 
low at the neck, thereby displaying an underdress which has 
sleeves striped longitudinally, and with frills at the wrists. The 
first and fourth daughters have pedimental head-dresses and 
flowing hair, but the three married ones wear the covering known 
as the “ Paris head.” Dame Dorothy must have been married 
when the brass was laid down, for over her other garments she 
wears an heraldic mantle, bearing on the dexter side the arms of 
the Longfords—Paly of six (or. and gu.), a bend (arg.), and on 
the sinister her paternal arms—Fitzherbert Ancient quartering 
Fitzherbert Modern. 

The inscription beneath the feet of the principal figures is on 
two plates, each 224 inches long, and 74 and g} inches wide 
respectively, in fourteen lines of Elegiac verse— 


Bee habeo solum que bibus in orbe peregi 
Gt que sunt bike corpore gesta Weo 

Prefueram index cogor nunc indicis ipse 
Alterins instam Sustinnisse manum 

Sed Precibus tu Sancte tuis tu Gterne salutem 
Confer et Offensas dilue Christi Meus 

Alle ego qui quondam fuerat dum bita superstes 
bibentes inter clarns bonore fui 


ee 


BRASS IN NORBURY CHURCH. 53 


Marmores hor clandor speen bac sub mole quiesco 
Bee domus hic nitor est hoc theatrale decus 

Atria gemmatis non bic sunt aurea basis 
Hon gue sit tyria palla retincta manu 

Gemma procul nihil est nostro nisi pulbis in Antro 
Palla procul, Corpus nil nisi bermis bubet. 


The marginal legend is on a brass fillet two inches wide. 
When complete it read as follows :—* 


©f pour charitie pray for the soule of Sir Anton Fitzherbert 
Bnight one of the Bing’s Justices of the Com[men benche. and 
sometpme] lorde and pultrone of this Gofon] and Dorothie bis 
foyfe Daughter of Sir Henry Willonghby ABnight & Dame 
Mande his last Wife one of the Baughters and heirs of Zichard 
Colton of Hampstall Rydwoare] Esq by Hhom he had five 
; sonnes und fibe danghters fohich Sir Antony decensed the 27 
Way A° Dni 1538 & the suid Bame Maude... ... 


The date of Dame Maud’s death was left blank to be filled up 
after her decease, but, as is generally the case, this was not done. 
Only three short lengths of this inscription are now left, viz., those 
given in brackets, and when Lysons compiled his History but few 
more words remained. After the word “ipdfare” is a repre- 
sentation of a gauntlet, the sole survivor of sundry devices which 
originally divided the words. At the angles were roundles with 
the Evangelistic symbols. 


; 


We now come to the curious feature about this brass, viz., that 
_ so far as can be at present ascertained, almost the entire memorial 
has been made up of portions of two older brasses, which have 
been turned over and re-engraved.t The figures of the Judge and 
his daughters, the two plates of the inscription beneath the 
"principal effigies, and two strips of the marginal legend, are loose ; 
and each portion, except a narrow strip forming part of the 


* Harl. M.S. 3609. 
_ + This peculiarity was first pointed out by Mr. J. Charles Cox, in 
_ “Churches of Derbyshire,” iii. 241. 


54 BRASS IN NORBURY CHURCH. 


daughters’ figures, bears on the other side fragments of an earlier 
memorial. 

Sir Antony’s figure displays on the reverse the lower half of a 
full-sized effigy of a lady in gown and mantle, the latter being 
gathered up under the right arm, her feet resting ona lion. The 
date of this is circa 1320. It should be compared with the figure ~ 
of Lady Creke, at Westley Waterless, Cambs. 1325. 

On the reverse of the larger of the two plates on which the 
daughters are engraved, is a monk beneath a canopy, with a fretty 
background, and on the edge, part of an inscription in separate 
Lombardic capitals Te Te JIE : © XX, The reverses of the 
two loose strips of the marginal legend also bear further portions 
of the same inscription GQ: MDOW: SBE : and 
©OBAYD : DE: W. In the absence of the re- 
mainder, we, can only conjecture the tenor of the inscription, 
which probably ran as follows—the names, of course, are at 
present beyond us :— 


[IN ...... FE@)]Ge : Mon 
SIRE : (HHH IOBAYD : DE: ¥ 
[ ..:* SHEGRIEYR : DE: 
CTE : #59 figaatre y G6YT(SH: Ler: 
riers * The parts slonted are given in brackets. 


These three fragments are evidently portions of the brass of the 
lady on the reverse of the Judge’s figure, and which, when com- 
plete, consisted of a central figure beneath a canopy with small 
figures in niches at the sides. The general treatment of this brass 
is not altogether English—for instance, the marginal legend being 
joined to the small side canopies ; and it is probably the work of 
a Flemish artist. 

On taking up the large inscription, which is on two plates, we 
find on the reverse of the lower a portion of the figure of a monk, 


* Sir Theobald de Verdon, who died in 1316, was the third husband of Lady 
Elizabeth de Clare, foundress of Clare Hall, Cambridge, who died in 1360. 
Query was this part of Lady Clare’s brass, or ‘of another wife of Sir Theobald? 


circa 1470, in gown, and hood or cowl. It resembles the smaller 
figure of Robert Beauner, monk, in St. Alban’s Abbey. The 
upper plate has originally been about 32 inches long, and, when 
complete, bore on its reverse a long inscription in double columns, 
to the memory of a Prior of some religious house, but no locality 
or date is given. About 2 inches has been cut off from the 
beginning, and as much as 8 inches off the end, but we are able 
to make out that the first word was ‘‘ Thomas.” The remnant of 
the inscription reads thus :— 


BRASS IN NORBURY CHURCH. 55 


[Dho]mas quondam prior - hic tellure quiescit 
eas s hune bersum memor - esto que morieris 
ete suna fer quid - bult signare cadaber 

agin flores cito marcent be que dolores 

eer ista leges - mi frater funde precamen 


AB Se SE 


Smguicti mundum sibi par..... ...... 
Wile cadaber sum - tal... 
Ga caro ba que data - be........... 
Qui dunt merores cum............... 
. Su ponis degeres ut ab............... 
| Owing to the loss of so much of the second column, it is utterly 
hopeless to attempt to supply the missing words. It is, I think, 
: clear that this inscription and the monk’s figure belong to the 
_ Same memorial. 
; The object of this paper has been merely to describe at length 
the different parts of the Fitzherbert brass, and matters historical 
or genealogical do not therefore come within its scope. For these 
the reader is referred to Mr. Cox’s third volume of ‘‘ Motes on the 
Churches of Derbyshire.” 
Mr. Cox comments on the strange irony of events which caused 
these palimpsest fragments to be worked up into a memorial of 
‘Sir Antony, who had dared to oppose Cardinal Wolsey on the 
score of the alienation of Church lands; and on his death-bed 
hhad solemnly enjoined his children under no pretext to accept 
g we or become purchasers of monastic property. 


56 BRASS IN NORBURY CHURCH. 


On the occasion of the Society’s visit to Norbury, a hope was 
expressed that the loose portions of the brass would be securely 
fastened down before they met with the same fate as the missing 
pieces. The matter was duly taken in hand by the Council, and 
now rests with the representatives of the Fitzherbert family. 

It is probable that if the shield and the effigy of Dame Fitz- 
herbert were loose, their reverses would exhibit further portions 
of one or both of the older memorials. 


. ie > 


57 


Place and field Names of Derbysdive 
Which tdtcate the jFauna. 


By Rev. J. CuHaries Cox. 


[The following paper was read at a Winter Meeting of the Society, held 
on November 24th, 1880, and is printed at the request of the Council. It 
_ is necessary, however, to state that it forms part (chapter vi.) of a projected 
_ and partially completed book on Derbyshire Place and Field Names, which 
I have not touched since 1870. I think it best that it should appear just 
as it was then written, though riper judgment might lead me to various 
_ alterations and corrections in this and other chapters, if the work should ever 
be finished. The reason that it was for a time abandoned was the great 
difficulty and expense connected with inspecting @// the parish maps of the 

county. Hitherto I have consulted only about one-third of the whole. 
_“T. C.” is an abbreviation for “ Tithe Commutation Map.”] 


yJELE names of wild animals, many of them original 
denizens of this country, and others introduced by 
the Romans and subsequent settlers, are still preserved 
ir our place-names. Owing to her extensive forests, Derbyshire 
akes a foremost place among those counties which thus preserve 


after various animals, both wild and domestic.* <A certain 
amount of caution is required in examining nomenclature of this 


* See throughout this chapter Professor Heinrich Léo, Local Nomenclature 
Of the Anglo-Saxons, as exhibited in the Codex Diplomaticus. 


58 PLACE AND FIELD NAMES OF DERBYSHIRE. 


description, as the Anglo-Saxons frequently named their chiefs 
from the cognizance on their shields ; and, as a natural sequence, 
these chieftains gave their names to many of the places in which 
they subsequently settled, or where they achieved any special 
feat of arms. This caution is eminently necessary with words 
compounded of zwo/f or dear. 

Horsey is the name of three places in the county, and it 
also occurs five or six times in the field names. It has been 
conjectured that all places having this prefix (some thirty in 
number) are derived from the semi-mythical chiefs, Hengist 
(stallion) and Horsa (mare), who are said to have landed in the 
year 449 on the coast of Kent, at the request of the British King 
Vortigern.* The colonists of the eastern counties were, however, 
Jutes, the kingdom of Mercia being subsequently formed by 
Teutonic tribes of a different origin. In all probability these 
names simply denote “horse pastures.’’ Horses appear to have 
been natives of this country, and were known to the Celtic 
inhabitants.t They were by them used merely for warlike 
purposes ; and even among the Anglo-Saxons were rarely used 
in connection with the tillage of the ground. In King Alfred’s 
version of Orosius we read :—‘‘Othare himself was among the 
first men of the land, though he had not more than twenty red 
cattle, twenty sheep, and twenty swine; avd what littl he 
ploughed, he ploughed with horses.’ The fact of Alfred thus 
drawing special attention to this circumstance is a striking proof 
of the preference given in this country, even in the ninth century, 
to oxen in ploughing. A lighter breed was imported from 
France. When Hugh Capet solicited the hand of Edelswitha, 
the sister of Athelstan, he sent to that prince several “ running 
horses,” ¢ with full equipments. It is hence concluded that horse- 
racing was known and practised by the Anglo-Saxon nobles. 
Horses were largely imported by the Danes in their various 
piratical incursions. In the Forest Charter of Canute, granted at 


* Bede Ecc/. Hist., c. xv. 3 Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, ann. 449. 
+ Whittaker, Azst. of Manchester, vol. ii. p. 63. 
t Equos Cursores, Malmsbury de Gest. Reg. Angl., lib. ii. cap. 6. 


PLACE AND FIELD NAMES OF DERBYSHIRE. 59 


the Parliament held at Winchester, 1016, wild horses and cows 
were exempted from that class of animals, technically termed 
‘beasts of the forest,’ whose capture was attended with such 
fearful penalties.* There can be no reasonable doubt that the 
forests of the Peak and the lowlands of Derbyshire were the 
resort of herds of wild horses or ponies up to the time of the 
Norman invasion. Rapsurn is the brook which can be ridden 
over, from vad, a riding, a being on horseback,t whilst Rappock 
(T.C., Castleton) probably denotes ‘“‘ the oak by the bridle-road.” 

The ass was introduced into this country by the Romans, and 
there is no trace of it to be found in our local nomenclature. 
The mule, however, if Domesday Book be correct, is com- 
memorated at Mitrorp. In the Survey it is spelt Mu/eford, 
and this can scarcely have been an error of the Norman Scribes. 
Milford was an important ford on a hitherto untraced Roman 
cross road leading to the lead mines of Wirksworth. In the 
Saxon charters, the mule gives the prefix to no less than seventeen 
place-names. 

Wild cattle were indigenous to the island, and a variety of 
breeds distinguished by their colour were known at an early date. 
They were domesticated by the Britons, and formed the most 
important item of their property.§ In many of the unenclosed 


* Percival Lewis, Forests and Forest Laws, p. 85. 

+ Two other derivations are possible. Firstly, from the Welsh rhedyn, a 
fern; Charnock interprets Radford and Radnor as “fern way” and ‘‘ fern 
land.” Secondly, from ved, the colour red ; but this seems improbable, as the 
Sixteen names with this prefix, which are mentioned in Edmunds’ Vames and 
Places, are all upon red sandstone formation. 

t Codex Diplomaticus, vol. iii. p. 37. 

§ Cattle, the first wealth of mankind, were probably in most countries the 
first money ; that is to say, commodities were valued at so many cattle, and 
cattle were commonly given in exchange for all other things. When metal 
money, therefore, was first introduced, it was looked upon merely as a 
substitute for cattle, and hence in some languages the terms expressive of both 
were nearly synonymous. Thus /ecws, cattle, is the origin of the Latin pecusza, 
money, and of our English pecuniary. Mulct, a fine or pecuniary penalty, is 
a translation of the Latin muz/¢a, an ancient Roman law-term fora fine. The 
Roman antiquaries have themselves told us that its primary signification was a 
‘Yam, or sheep. It is remarkable that the original word still survives, with its 
original signification, in the Celtic dialects of Wales, Ireland, and Scotland, 
in which it respectively takes the forms of mol/t, molt, and mult. Hence, In 
fact, come the French mozfon, and the English muéton. 

Grant, Origin and Descent of the Gael, p. 145. 


60 PLACE AND FIELD NAMES OF DERBYSHIRE. 


parts of England whole herds remained unreclaimed till even the 
close of the seventeenth century—notably in the New Forest. 
The names of CowLry, OxHay, BuLuay, speak of cattle in 
enclosures, whilst CowDALE, CowLow, and Ox.ow seem to tell 
us of the districts over which they passed comparatively 
unmolested.* CALVER (Bakewell) takes its name from calf, a 
calf. 

Sheep, too, are brought to mind at SHIPLEY, SHEEPHE, and 
SHEEP Ley; the ram at RamMsLey and RamsuHaw, and, in the 
older form of tup, at Tupron and TupLow. MovuLpripcE (near 
- Winster), and perhaps MousELow, form one of the few instances 
of a Celtic word, denoting an animal, being used in the formation 
of a place-name. The derivative is the Welsh word mol/t, a 
wether sheep.t 

Traces of the goat are to be found at GorHERAGE, GoTHaM, 
Goat’s CuirF, and Goatrorp (T.C., Pilsley); also probably at 
TICKENHALL, from ¢iccen, a kid, its modern form being preserved 
in Kip Tor, and Kip Ctose (T.C., Glossop). Goats were 
formerly very numerous throughout the island. They were 
domesticated and kept in flocks in the same way as sheep. 
Among the endowments of Beauchief Abbey, recited in a charter 
of Henry IV., we find a grant of pasture land for forty cows and 
two bulls, ten mares, eighty sheep, thirty swine, and forty goats.t 
From so large a proportion of goats, it may be presumed that 
they were very numerous in this part of the kingdom. Among 
the crags and precipices of the Peak they would find an easy 
sustenance, and prove invaluable to the hardy mountaineer.§ 

Derbyshire gives two examples of place-names derived from 
swine—viz., SWINEHAM and SwINELEE. The wild boar (WILD- 
BOAR CLOUGH, in Peak Forest) was the original progenitor of the 


* To these names some would add Beeley, Beelow, and Bee Holme, as 
derived from bench, a cow, a beeve. See Bannister’s Glossary of Cornish 
WVames. These names, however, will be again mentioned in this chapter. 

+ Bannister, Glossary of Cornish Names, p. 97. 

} Glover, Hist. of Derbyshire, vol. i. p. 132. 

§ It is possible that HAVER Crort (T.C., Killamarsh) points to the Cymric 
word, ga/r, a goat. Another derivation, however, is from the Anglo-Saxon e#, 
the brink or edge. 


—_—— a ee 


PLACE AND FIELD NAMES OF DERBYSHIRE. 61 


various species of pigs which now abound. The hunting of the 
wild boar for several centuries after the Norman Conquest was 
one of the chief amusements of the nobility. It was strictly 
preserved in the Royal forests, and in the Charter of Canute, to 
which allusion has already been made, it is included among “the 
beasts of the forest.” As late as the reign of King John, these 
animals were inhabitants of Derbyshire in their wild state, for at 
that time a grant was made to the Monastery of Lenton of tithe 
of the game taken in the counties of Derby and Nottingham— 
viz., of stags and hinds, bucks and does, and of boars and swine.* 
That the Celtic inhabitants had domesticated the hog is proved 
from the presence on some of their coins of a sow and her litter, 
with an attendant or swineherd standing by her. The Anglo- 
Saxons placed the utmost value on their herds of swine. They 
were careful to preserve their vast woods, not so much for the 
sake of the timber, as for the acorns and beech mast. The 
expressions used in the ‘‘ Domesday” Survey, such as— 
‘silva infructuosa—inutilis—ad ignem tantum—nil reddens—sine 
pasnagio, etc., etc., which frequently occur, prove that timber 
was chiefly valued when affording sustenance for the swine. The 
_ value of the tree was even estimated by the number of hogs that 
could lie under its shade.t In the ninth section of the 
_ celebrated Charter of Henry III., for the Freedom of the 
_ Forests, it is laid down that, “Every freeman may take 
-agistments in his own wood, within our forests, at his own 
pleasure, and shall take his pannage, and may drive his swine 
freely to agist them in their own woods, and if the swine tarry one 
night it is no offence.” t 

* Dugdale, Monast. Angl., voli. p. 648. 

+ In the laws of Ina we read :—‘‘ Si quis autem detruncet autem arborem 
‘sub qua triginta porci consistere queunt, et fiat convictus, solvat sexaginta 
solidos.” See also Nichols, Ast. Lezc., vol. i. p. 43. Ellis, Zutroduction to 
Domesday Book, vol. i. p. 99. 

_ & Percival Lewis, Forests and Forest Laws, p. 149. Of the meaning of the 
words agistment and pannage and of their etymology there is some doubt. 
Cowel, in his Zaw Dictionary, derives agistment from gis¢, a bed, a harbour, 
_and hence taking in and feeding. Minshzus says, ‘‘ Agistment is the Common 
of herbage of any kind of land or woods, and Pannage is most properly the 
mast of the woods.” Hence Skinner’s derivation in his Etymologicum of 


_ pannage, otherwise pasnagium, as being derived from Lat. fastus, is probably 
Correct. See also Zhe Modern World of Words, 1696. 


62 PLACE- AND FIELD NAMES OF DERBYSHIRE. 


The dog or hound (und) is found in Hunpow, near Dronfield, 
and HounsFiEtp (T.C., North Wingfield), but names with this 
prefix rarely occur, and then only in localities where forests have 
formerly existed. Considerable attention was paid to the breeding 
of dogs for the purposes of the chase by the ancient Britons. 
This was an absolute necessity, for venison constituted the great 
portion of their animal food. These dogs were largely exported 
to the Continent by the Romans, on account of their admirable 
capacities for hunting.* When Athelstan defeated the Welsh king, 
Constantine, after imposing upon him a considerable tribute of 
money and cattle, he further enjoined him to supply a certain 
number of hawks and sharp-scented dogs, fit for the hunting of 
wild beasts.t 

These dogs were probably greyhounds, a breed which was held 
in such estimation that a law of Canute prohibits their being kept 
by any one under the rank of a noble. 

The names of CaTCLIFFE, CATHOLE, CATGREAVE (T.C., 
Hazelwood), and Cats’ Tor, probably refer either to the wild cat, 
or the marten, which are more plainly mentioned in WiLpD CaT 
Cote and MarTINSIDE. These animals, as well as a third and 
distinct species, the Polecat ( Viverra Putorius ), used all to abound 
in the Peak district. The Marten ( Viverra Foina) has been found 
wild within the last forty years. The domestic cat, which is 
merely a reclaimed wild cat (/é/is catus), would be much valued 
by the earliest inhabitants of Derbyshire. The Celts in this 
island do not appear to have shared the dislike and superstition 
with which this animal was regarded by other Pagan nations. In 
the old Welsh laws a kitten, from its birth till it could see, is 
valued at 1d. ; from that time till it began to mouse at 2d. ; after 
it had killed mice at 4d., which was the same price that was then 
given for a calf or weaned pig. If, however, upon purchase she 
did not prove a mouser, or caterwauled once a month, 3d. was to 
be refunded !! Some writers have conjectured that the first tame 
cats were brought here from Cyprus by the foreign tin merchants, 


* Strabo, lib. iv. Czesar, Bel, Gal., lib. vi. 
+ Malmsbury, de Gest. Reg. Ang/., lib ii. cap. 6. 


PLACE AND FIELD NAMES OF DERBYSHIRE. 63 


and this would help to account for their great value. In old 
books of hunting, wild cats and martens are included in the beasts 
of the chase of the second class, and are said to afford ‘‘ greate 
dysporte.” * Traces of the hare are to be found in HareuILL, 
and HaREFIELD. ‘The hare was found here by the Romans, and 
Cesar specially mentions that the inhabitants regarded it as a 
sacred animal, and used it for the purposes of divination. 
Notwithstanding its great abundance, it was not used as an article 
of food till the time of the Saxons. Their chieftains were in the 
habit of preserving them in warrens near their residence. In the 
Domesday Survey mention is made of a “ warenna leporum” in 
the county of Lincoln. In the statutes of Canute the hare is 
classed with the wild goat and the coney as beasts of the forest 
_ which were liable to be answered for.t In the parish maps in the 
neighbourhood of Chesterfield, Heanor, Belper, and elsewhere 
in the county, several of the closes or fields are distinguished by 
the name Harry. This has nothing to do with the hare, but is 
derived from the word farra or hearra, a lord ; thus pointing out 
the particular closes which were peculiarly the property or in the 
occupation of the lord of the manor. 

ConeycrortT (T.C., Norton) seems to denote the presence of 
_ the rabbit, though it may, like Coney Green, denote the property 
of aking. Strange as it may seem, the rabbit is not a native, but 
_ was imported by the Romans. It originally came from Spain, and 
only reached Italy during the reign of Augustus. It was called 
Kunigl by the Britons after the Latin cunicudus. t 

_ BADGERLANE and BaDGERMEADOw (Stretton) obviously point to 
the presence of the badger. It appears, too, in the contracted 
form of BacsHAw, BacTuorPs, and Bac Lang, the last being a 
_ Marrow street in what is now one of the most densely populated 


_ *Glover’s Hist. Derbyshire, vol. 1. p. 136-7. Fosbroke, Antiquities, vol. ii. 
Pp. 719. Strutt, Sports and Pastimes, Book i. chap. 14. 

Ellis, Zutroduction to Domesday Book, vol. i. p. 116. Czesar, Bel. Gal., lib. 
Y. cap. 12. Various other conjectures have been made as to the meaning of the 
_— har ox hare, but much the simplest way is to derive it from fara, the 
e. See Wotes and Queries, 26th Nov., 1870. 

F Ellis, Zntroduction to Dom. Book, vol. ii. p. 87. Vide ‘* Coneygreen” in 
chap. on Danish Names. 


— 


64 PLACE AND FIELD NAMES OF DERBYSHIRE. 


parts of Derby.* From droch, the badger, BRocKwoop (Little 
Eaton), Brock Hoes, BrocKLEy, BRocKHURST, and CHURCH 
BrouGHToN (if the spelling in the Domesday Survey as 
BROcTUNE is correct), are also derived. This animal is still 
occasionally met with in the woods of Derbyshire. It was 
reckoned by the Anglo-Saxons in the second class of ‘‘ beasts of 
the chase.” 

The fox, which is common to every quarter of Europe, is not 
forgotten in this country’s nomenclature. Besides FoxHoLes, 
Fox.Low, and FoxEnwoop,f there is also Tapsor, near Swadlin- 
cote, whose prefix is derived from the old English word for a fox, 
Tod. The Anglo-Saxon youth were very expert in the slaughter 
of this vermin, but they would have much shocked the feelings of 
our modern lovers of ‘sport,’ as they were in the habit of 
catching them in nets, instead of worrying them with dogs. That 
this animal was a perfect pest to the farmer is proved from the 
numerous entries throughout the county in the old parish 
accounts of the rewards given for their slaughter. 

The caution expressed at the commencement of this chapter as 
to place-names compounded of Wau/f not signifying of necessity 
a direct allusion to the animal itself, need hardly apply to the two 
names of this description, WoLFscoTE and WoLFsHoPE, found in 
Derbyshire. In the first place, had they been chieftain’s titles they 
would not probably have been found with such suffixes as co/e and 
hope ; and, secondly, wolves did abound largely in the Peak, and 
it would have been strange if these traces of their existence had 
not been found in that district. That all the wolves in this 
country were destroyed in the time of Edgar is one of that 
numerous class of historical delusions so unhappily fostered by 
those wretched compilations—Juvenile Histories of England. 
Here are the words of William of Malmsbury :—“ He, Edgar, 


* Other interpretations are given of the prefix dag. Edmunds conjectures 
that it is sometimes another form of zg or fic, a Celtic word meaning the top 
or peak of a thing ; and sometimes from Zega, the owner’s name. 

+ Edmunds interprets the prefix far as folces, belonging to the people. This 
seems somewhat far-fetched when fox is an original Anglo-Saxon word. See 
Bosworth, Anglo-Saxon Dictionary. % 


PLACE AND FIELD NAMES OF DERBYSHIRE, 65 


imposed a tribute upon the King of Wales exacting yearly three 
hundred wolves. This tribute continued to be paid for three 
years, but ceased upon the fourth, decause it was said that he could 
not find any more.’* This qualified statement as to their 
extinction clearly only relates to Wales, for the king of that 
country would never be allowed to hunt them out of his own 
territory. It was not until Edward II.’s time that they ceased to 
infest the Peak Forest. Their final destruction was greatly 
hastened by the Royal appointment of a family to certain lands 
near Wormhill on condition of ‘‘taking the wolves in the forest.” 
Hence this family obtained the hereditary title of Wulfehunt. 
Similar tenures were not uncommon in many other counties. 
Although Derbyshire was fortunate enough to have the wolves 
extirpated in Edward II.’s time, the neighbouring county of 
Nottinghamshire was troubled with them as late as the eleventh 
year of Henry VI. In Ireland, too, they remained till the 
commencement of the sixteenth century.t 
Another extinct animal, Jera, the bear, still maintains its hold 
upon the place-names of the county. It is found at BEaRWARD- 
core (Mickleover), and also perhaps at BrarLey (Ballidon). 
From the old Norse diminutive Jdassz, a little bear, comes 
BassEtwoop (Tissington).t In the time of the Anglo-Saxons 
_ bears were first kept for the purposes of diversion or baiting. 
The officer in charge was called the ‘bearward;” hence 
Bearwardcote points out his place of residence. Lysons, in his 
_HHistory of Derbyshire, writing in 1810, remarks, ‘ Bulls and 
_ badgers, and sometimes bears, are baited at these wakes, and we 
were informed that the persons who kept the bears for that 
pose are still known here by the ancient appellation of 
‘Bearward.” Plutarch mentions these animals being brought over 


“a 


_ *Malmsbury, a Gest Reg. Angl., lib. ii. cap. 8. 

+ Whittaker, Hist. of Manchester, vol. ii. p. 97. Gough, Camden’s Britannia, 
‘Vol. ii. p. 314. Strutt, Sports and Pastimes, p. 19. 

__ {Bannister, Glossary of Cornish Names. According to Ferguson’s 7eutonic 
Name System, Berrill is another diminutive of bear. It seems, however, more 
‘probable, when it is a place-name, to derive it from the Anglo-Saxon dyrgels, 
a burial place. There is a BERRILLS BARN near Church Broughton. 


66 PLACE AND FIELD NAMES OF DERBYSHIRE. 


to Rome from Britain. Bears were at one time numerous in 
Portugal, Spain, and Britain. They continued in the North of 
England, including the Peak District, and in some parts of 
Wales, as late as the eighth century, and in the South up to the 
Conquest. They are also mentioned in the Penifential of Egbert. 
Domesday Book says that the town of Norwich, in the time of 
Edward the Confessor, had to furnish to the king annually one 
bear for baiting.* 

Of the deer, as might be expected, we find many traces ; such 
are, HARTSHORN, HARTHILL (2), HartsHay (2), HINDLow, 
DoEHILL, DoEwoop, Dor LEA, and RoEcARR, as well as the less 
obvious forms in DowEt (Buxton), and Dawcanxs (T.C., Walton). 
The red deer, or hart, now only found wild on the Forest of 
Exmoor, was formerly common in all the vast forests of this 
country. After the Norman Conquest they inhabited the Peak 
Forest, though sometimes they wandered so low as Ashford. 
Most of these deer perished in the great snow at the end of 
Queen Elizabeth’s reign, but some few lingered on till a later 
period. The prefixes, Aar¢ and hind, are indicative of this species, 
whilst doe and roe refer probably to the roebuck. The roebuck, 
though only now met with in some parts of Scotland, used to be 
common throughout the range of hills extending from Derbyshire 
into Scotland, and also in the mountainous parts of Wales. The 
fallow deer of our parks is not indigenous to this country, 
and was first introduced in the time of James the First. The 
laws that were passed for the preservation of these animals are 
almost incredible. By the 24th section of the Forest Charter of 
Canute, it was enacted that “if a freeman shall by coursing or 
hunting force a royal beast to pant and be out of breath he shall 
be imprisoned for a year. if an unfreeman, for two years, or if a 
bondman he shall be outlawed.” By the laws made immediately 
after the Conquest for the killing of deer within a forest, the 
penalty was imprisonment for a year, together with a fine at the 


“Whitaker, Hist. of Manchester, vol. ii. p. 97. Pennant, British Zoology, 
vol. i. p. 90. Lysons, Hist. of Derbyshire, p. ccxli. 


PLACE AND FIELD NAMES OF DERBYSHIRE. 67 


_king’s pleasure. By the statute of Henry VII. it was made 
felony in some cases—for instance: ‘“‘A hart which hath been 
wild by nature, and made tame, and hath at his neck a little collar 
of leather, or any other notorious sign, and he doth go into the 
forest, and returneth again to the house at his pleasure, and is 
taken, killed by night or in any other secret manner, that is felony 
_ by the common law, and for that a man shall lose life and 
member.” * 
Remains of the bones of the elk (cervus megaceros) have been 
_ found in the Derbyshire barrows. Its horns, also, have been dug 
up, of a huge size, in the neighbouring bogs of Lancashire. 
Leigh mentions an instance in which the distance between the 
tips was eleven feet. ELx, or ELttock Low, near Hartington, 
points out the place where the hunter-chief was interred, together 
_ with the trophies of his prowess. Z/ch is the Anglo-Saxon name 
_ of this animal, and both Minshzus and Skinner suppose it to be 
identical with the a/ces of Plato, which, from its immense vigour, 
they derive from the Greek a/ce, strength. There is satisfactory 
proof that the elk once penetrated as far south as the Pyrenees, 
though it is now extinct throughout Europe. Giraldus Cambrensis 
(temp. Henry II.) speaks of them being then extant in Ireland. + 
The same writer in his Jtinerary through Wales mentions 
_ beavers as existing in that country, though then only to be found 
‘in the river Teivi. He gives, with all gravity, a marvellous account 
of their sagacity when being hunted. They are still occasionally 
‘met with in Norway; and Owen, in his Welsh dictionary (1801), 
says that the beaver has been seen in Carnarvonshire within 
the memory of man. This latter statement, however, is very 
‘problematical. The beaver (defer) was at one time common in 
‘Many of our rivers and swamps. Beverley in Yorkshire, Bever- 


*Glover, Hist. of Derbyshire, vol. i. p. 132. Percival Lewis, Forests and 
Forest Laws, p. 85. Crompton, Jurisdiction des courts de la Majestie de la 
Roygue, Londini, 1594, fol. 167. 

_ +Bateman, Zen Years’ Digging in Celtic and Saxon Grave Mounds. Leigh, 
om ‘a hire, Yorkshire, and the Peak, p. 62. Whitaker, Hist. of Manchester, 
‘Vol, Ul. p. 93. 


68 PLACE AND FIELD NAMES OF DERBYSHIRE. 


Nottinghamshire, are some of its vestiges which are to be found 
in our place-names. BEVERLEE, near Eastwood, is so close upon 
the borders of Derbyshire, that that county may fairly be claimed 
as a former habitat of this animal.* 

The otter, still found in both the Trent and Derwent, is 
commemorated in OTTERDALE, OTTERHOLES, and the ODDE- 
BROOK at Derby. The hunting of this animal is first mentioned 
in the year 1158, but its position among the animals of the chase 
is anything but honourable, being ranked in the third class with 
‘* beasts of a stinking flight.”’+ 

Of the general wildness of Derbyshire, and of the numerous 
animals with which it was infested, even after the invasion of the 
Danes, proof is found in the name of the county town, Derby, 
which simply signifies ‘‘ the abode among the wild animals ” 
(deora).{ The same prefix is found, in a corrupted form, in 
Durwoop Tor, and Durrant GREEN (Chesterfield). 


*% k * * k * sk % 


The BIRDS commemorated in the place-names of Derbyshire, 
though not quite so numerous as those connected with the 
quadrupeds, are equally interesting. The names of large birds, 


* Giraldus Cambrensis, Zofography of Zreland, cap. x. Stinerary through 


Wales, cap. iil. Pennant, B72t7sh Zoology, vol i. p. 98. The place-names of — 


Wales abound with combinations of francon. Thus Nant Frangon means 
“the beaver’s dale,” Sarn Yr Afrange ‘‘the beaver’s dam,” and Llyn Yr 
Afrange ‘‘ the beaver’s foot.” 

+ Fosbrook, Aztiguzties, vol. ii. p. 728. It is perhaps incorrect to mention 


Oddebrook as indicating the otter, though the Danish form is odder. It may’ 


simply mean ‘‘ the water brook,” from the Sanscrit zd, water; similar forms 
being found in the Greek hudor, the Slavonic woda, &c., &c. Besides three 
streams in England called respectively the Odder, Woder, and Adur, we find 
the Oder in Germany. The name of the animal itself is evidently derived 
from the element it frequents ; for, as Minshzeus says, ‘‘it liveth as well in the 
water as the land, like the Bever beast.” See Ferguson, River Mames of 
Lurope, p. 35- 

~The Saxon name for this town was Northworthige, but on its being 
captured by the Danes it was renamed Deoraby, or Derby. There can be but 
little doubt that the derivation given in the text is the correct one, though there 
was formerly no little dispute upon the point, some deriving the prefix from’ 
the Celtic dr, water. The most amusing derivation I have come across is to 
be found in Bullet’s Memories sur la Langue Celtigue, the component parts 
being “ Der, riviere, and 42, deux,” from its situation, as he says, on the 
confluence of two rivers. 


PLACE AND FIELD NAMES OF DERBYSHIRE. 69 


especially those of prey, are the most common everywhere ; 
whilst small birds, living on the wing, occur less frequently. 
EAGLESTONE Fat (Barlow), EAGLE Tor, and HawksLow 
speak for themselves; but there is further proof of the former 
presence of the eagle in Earncrorr and Earn Hitt (T.C., 
Glossop), earn being Anglo-Saxon for the king of birds. The 
golden eagle has been met with not unfrequently in this county 
even during the present century. In 1823, a full grown specimen 
was shot near Cromford, and a few years later two others were 
captured on Kinder-Scout. Any details with regard to the 
practise of hawking would be out of place in these pages ; but it 
may be mentioned as a curious fact that the Romans learnt the 
_ art from the Celtic inhabitants of this island. The Thracians and 
the Britons were at one time the only followers of this sport. It 
_ was practised with great assiduity by the Anglo-Saxon nobility, 
and presents of hawks and falcons were often interchanged 
_ between the petty kings and princes. A well-trained hawk was 
of great value, ten pounds being mettioned as the price in the 
Domesday Survey, when money was worth about thirty times its 
present value ; whilst a hawk’s aery—aira accip~itris—is returned 
among the most valuable articles of property. The martyrdom of 
St. Edmund, and its connection with his love of hawking, is 
romantically told in verse by John Lydgate, the monk of Bury. 
For a gentleman to part with his hawk, or to lose it, was 
considered the greatest disgrace. The killing of his only hawk 
by the impoverished young lover to provide a dinner for his 
mistress, forms one of the most exquisite tales in the Decameron.* 
Rantor, near Wirksworth, is a corruption of Raven Tor. 


Raven’s Nest (Ashover), a farm, and RAVENSTONE in other parts 
of the county. This bird was the ensign of the Danes. Owt- 
‘CoTES and OwLerR Car obviously refer to the bird of night ; the 


Pliny, lib. x. cap. 8. Whitaker, Hist. of Manchester, vol. ii. p. 100. _ Ellis, 
eduction to Dom. Book, vol. i. p. 340. Boccacio, Decameron, Day v. 


7° PLACE AND FIELD NAMES OF DERBYSHIRE. 


correct it need not disconnect it with the bird in question, for 
both owl and howl are merely past participles of the verb gydan, 
ululare, to yell.* 

CROWDEN and CROWCHINE are equally significant of the crow. 
The heron or hern serves as a suffix to three names in the Peak 
district, HERNSTONE, HERNSIDE, and HERNMORE; it is also 
found in HeRNE CLosE (T.C., Calow). This bird is occasionally 
seen in the county. Another species of the same order, now 
extinct throughout the country, is the crane. This bird was a 
favourite dish of the Anglo-Saxons. It was known in Kent till 
the ninth century ; it abounded in the mountains of Derbyshire 
and Wales during the tenth century, and as late as the seventeenth 
it was met with in the fens of Lincoln and in parts of Scotland. 
YELDERSLEY, YELT Farm (Uttoxeter), and YELD PLacE (Oak- 
erthorpe) are derived from ye/do, the crane.t 

Swanwick, as was remarked in a previous chapter, is probably 
connected with Sweyn, the Danish King; but there is no reason 
to doubt that Swanpanks (T.C., Stretton), the name of some 
fields on the verge of the Amber, and Swan CLosE (T.C., 
Kniveton), refer to the bird itself. No bird was preserved with 
greater strictness in the middle ages The simple stealing of an 
egg was punished by imprisonment for a year and a day, in 
addition to a fine at the king’s pleasure. In consequence of this 
great severity there was scarcely a brook of any reasonable 
dimensions that was not tenanted by swans. Ancient records 
speak of as many as thirty-one on a single manor. ¢ 

On the left bank of the Derwent, just above Milford, is a mill 
that is still called Hoprinc MIL, and several of the adjacent fields 
Hoppinc meadows. ‘The name Swanley, by which the fields on 
the opposite bank are designated, at once assists us to the right 
derivation. ‘‘ Swan-hopping ” was the old name for the annual 
custom of marking these birds on their bills, in order that those 
belonging to the king, and to the respective lords of the manor, 


* Horne Tooke, Diversions of Purley, vol. ii. p. 263. 
+ Whitaker, Hzst. of Manchester, vol. ii. p. 81. 
t Strutt, Sports and Pastimes, p. 36, etc. 


PLACE AND FIELD NAMES OF DERBYSHIRE. 71 


might be distinguished. This operation was attended with a 
great deal of difficulty and excitement ; and on many rivers the 
day in question was kept as one of the chief annual holidays of 
the neighbourhood. From the earliest times there seems to have 
been a weir across the Derwent at Milford, and this spot would 
naturally be chosen, as there would be an exit for the excited 
swans in only one direction. Strong crooks attached to long 
poles, called “ swan-hooks,” were used to assist in their capture. 
The term “swan-hopping” is a corruption of “ swan-fping,”’ 
that is, the taking ~f of the swans to mark them. Various other 
vague derivations have been suggested, but that this is the correct 
one is abundantly proved from a rare quarto tract printed in 
1570. In the eighth “order” it says that, “It is ordained that 
every Owner that hath any Swans, shall pay every yeare for every 
Swan-Mark, foure pence to the Master of the Game for his fee, 
and his dinner and supper free on the Ufping daies.” By the 
fourteenth order, “it is ordained that no person take wf any 
Cignet unmarked, but that the King’s Swan-herd be present ;” 
and in the fifteenth we read “that the Swan-herds of the Duchie 
of Lancaster shall ~ no Swannes, or make any sale of them, 
_ without the Master of the Swannes be present.’”’ From this it is 
evident that the term * “upping” came to signify the actual 
marking of these birds. 

CocKsSHEAD, COCKWELL, COCKBRIDGE, and CocKSHUT, 
together with HeNMorE, HeENsHaw (T.C., Stretton), HENCLOSE, 
and HENLow, appear at first sight to refer without any 
doubt to domestic poultry. Certain etymologists would, how- 
ever, make both these suffixes to be of Celtic origin, from 
coch, red, and from fen, old; but when the terminations of 
the names just enumerated are taken into consideration, it would 
hardly be warrantable to claim their Celtic descent except in the 
‘case of Hentow. The prefix ex is of frequent occurrence in 
Cornwall, Hereford, and Monmouth ; but in these cases it is 


» 


4, 


_ **¢The Order for Swannes, both by the Statutes, & by the Anncient orders 
and customes used within the Realme of England.” This is quoted in 
full by Hone in the Every Day Book.—Gentleman’s Magazine, 1793. 


7 


72 PLACE AND FIELD NAMES OF DERBYSHIRE. 


found in connection with Cymric terminations. Other authorities 
suggest that fez is a contracted form of ean, high ; whilst cock 
signifies little. This latter interpretation is probably true of 
Cocxsuut (Dronfield), which would thus mean the little shoot, 
or spur from a hill. When, however, it is known that the ‘‘cock” 
and “hen” of our farm yards are the selfsame words that were 
used by our Anglo-Saxon forefathers, a people who were peculiarly 
given to the breeding of poultry, it does seem strange that so 
many etymologists are not contented with this simple derivation, 
especially as this interpretation is the one sanctioned by the 


learned Dr. Heinrich.* This bird was the first to be reclaimed ” 


from its native wildness in all countries where it abounds. Czesar 
says that it was held sacred by the Britons, and only used for 
purposes of sacrifice and divination.t ‘The religion of the Druids 
was truly one of abstinence, for they scrupulously avoided many 
of the most obvious forms of food which nature put in their way, 
such as the hare, poultry of several sorts, and every description of 
fish. The comparatively modern name of Cockpit HILL, in 
Derby, tells of the days when that barbarous sport of cock- 
fighting was in vogue. This custom is of great antiquity, and is 
said to have been originated by Themistocles ; certain it is 
that cock-fighting is pourtrayed on several of the Greek coins. Nor 
is the use of the artificial spur an invention of recent date, for 
cock-spurs made of brass are mentioned in an Anglo-Saxon 
Synod.t 

Cuckoo Stone (Matlock) must be a comparatively modern 
name. In Anglo-Saxon this bird was called geac. Cuckoo in 
English is clearly a mere imitation of the cry, and the same reason 
for giving it this name occurred to several other nations. Thus in 
Sanskrit we have oki/a, in Greek kokkyx, in Latin cuculus. Words 
that are truly onomatopéetic are very rare.§ The cuckoo was 
esteemed a great delicacy by the Britons, especially before it was 


*See the Local Etymologies of Edmunds, Isaac Taylor, and Charnock ; 
also Bosworth, Azglo-Saxon Dictionary. 

+ Ceesar, de Bal. Gal. lib. v. cap. 12. 

t{ Fosbrook, Axfrguities, vol. ii. p. 573. 

§ Max Miller, Sccence of Language, First Series, p. 364. 


PLACE AND FIELD NAMES OF DERBYSHIRE. 73 


fledged: they are still eaten in Italy. Cuckotp Haven 
(Eckington) speaks of the habits of this bird. The word cuckold 
was one of the earliest bones of contention among our early 
etymologists. It is, however, now well established that the word 
is derived from the bird cuckoo, and that the Romans used it as a 
term of reproach in a similar sense is equally clear from the line 
in Plautus’ Asinaria, Act v. sc. 2 :— 

“ Ac etiam cubat cuculus, surge, Amator, idoneum.” * 

An old mill in Derby, at the bottom of St. Mary’s Gate, was 
- formerly called Cuck-Stoot Mitt. The cucking stool was used 
for the purpose of ducking in the water women of improper 
character or notorious scolds. It is a practice of considerable 
antiquity, being mentioned in the Domesday Survey. Minshzeus 
says that the word is a corruption of Ducking Stool. Skinner 
imagines it to be a corrupted form of Choaking Stool, whilst 
Brand, though diffuse upon the subject, makes no further 
_ Suggestion. As, however, it was originally used for those who 
made cuckolds of their husbands, we have not much hesitation in 
connecting it primarily with the cuckoo. 

WRENHAY, WOODPECKER HILL, and OuZzELDEN tell of the birds 
of smaller flight. Lenta (T.C., North Wingfield), a corruption of 
- Lenthill, may be derived from Zi, the flax finch or linnet. 


* * * * * * * 


REPTILES.—Wormsey and WorMHILL are from worm, a word 
which is cognate with the Norse orvmr,a serpent. It seems to 
have meant almost any kind of reptile, and may in these instances 


in all probability to legendary fable. jf with Wormhill 
S WIBBENHILL (T.C., Tissington), from wibse, wibban, a worm. 


__* The curious reader may consult on this point the glossaries of Du Cange, 
pelman, and Skinner, together with the very lengthy notes in Brand's Popular 
Antiquities, Chaucer gives a very amusing but bantering etymology in the 
Remedye of Tove. . 


OO rm » 


74 PLACE AND FIELD NAMES OF DERBYSHIRE. 


Happon and Haprre_tp show a corrupted form of atfor, the 
adder. Here it may very likely have been the cognisance, and 
afterwards the name, of some neighbouring chieftain, FRoGGATT 
can scarcely refer to anything but the frog, whilst in the parish 
maps Frog closes, crofts, and fields are not infrequent. 
TOADHOLE and Toappoot are often similarly used. In some 
cases toadhole may allude to the basaltic strata known as 
*“ toadstone.” 


* * * * * * * 


The INSECTS commemorated in place-names are naturally 
very few. That insect, however, which, next to the silkworm, is 
of the most importance to man, is not forgotten in Derbyshire. 
We find BrELry, BEELow, and BEEHOLME. Wild honey is one 
of the chief articles of food that seems instinctively to suggest 
itself to the savage mind. But, previous to the advent of the 
Romans, the Britons had learnt the art of confining these insects 
in hives. One of these hives was dug up some years ago in 
Chat Moss. It was made of willow wood, was two yards and a 
half high, and contained four stories. The Anglo-Saxons took 
great pains with the culture of the bee, both for the sake of the 
honey and the wax. The Jeoh-ceorl, or beekeeper, was an 
important person on a Saxon farm. We not unfrequently read of 
hives of bees being stolen, and Du Cange mentions the apparently 
ridiculous custom of founding a trespassing swarm! By an Act 
of Edward IV. the officers of justice were forbidden to distrain 
upon a cow with its calf, a sheep with its lamb, a mare with its 
foal, or upon a hive of bees with a swarm. In an injunction 
made by Henry VIII. to the “Regardors of the Forest of 
Shyrewood in the countie of Nott. against the coming of Thomas 
Earle of Rutland Chiefe Justice in Eyre of the said Forest” as to 
the various inquiries they were to institute, we find: ‘‘ Also they 
must inquire of all honnye & waxe found in the said forest, or who 


of right ought to have it; that is to saye, the king or any othér.”* — 


* Du Cange, Glossary vy. Arna, Whitaker, Ast, of Manchester, vol. i. Pp 
316. Crompton, Jurisdiction des Courts de la Mayestie de la Roygue, Londini, 


1594, fol. 152. 


PLACE AND FIELD NAMES OF DERBYSHIRE. 75 


In the annual value of manors the produce of the bees was 
sometimes taken into account. Thus, according to Domesday 
_ Book, we find in Derbyshire the two manors of Darley and 
_ Parwich, which were respectively valued at forty shillings and two 
_ sextaries of honey, and at thirty-two pounds and six and a half 
_ sextaries of honey. 

There seems to be only one other insect which can be traced in 
Derbyshire names—the weevil (curculio granarius) in its Anglo- 
Saxon form, zw¢#fée/, is found in WyveR Woop, near Belper. 


76 


Notes on the Demolition of the Chancel 
of Hope Church. 


By ARTHUR Cox. 


AIT the request of the Council of the Derbyshire 
# Archeological and Natural History Society, I have 
78.99 “| put together the following notes, respecting what has 
Boca during the past year at Hope, in this county. The 
object in doing this is simply to lay before the members of our 
Society the facts of the case as they occurred. No comment 
from myself is necessary, or, I think, advisable ; when the notes 
have been read, each individual member will be able to form his 
or her opinion as to how far the Society, through its Council and 
Vigilance Committee, was right in the action taken ; and, also, 
as to whether the action so taken, did, or did not produce any 
effect. Any independent person is quite capable of forming an 
opinion as to what was right or wrong in the proposed plan, and 
can, if possessed of any archeological knowledge at all, decide 
upon the merits of the different authorities whose opinions are 


here expressed. 

The first intimation of the proposed “restoration” of the 
Chancel of Hope Church was contained in a letter from the 
Vicar of Hope, the Rev. Henry Buckston, a member of our 
Society. The letter was addressed to myself as hon. sec. to 
the Society, and ran as follows :— 


- 


NOTES ON HOPE CHURCH. 7 | 


Vicarage, Hope, Sheffield, 
February 16th, 1881. 
Dear Sir, 

The Chancel of Hope Church having been pronounced 
“dangerous,” it is about to be taken down ; if you should wish 
on behalf of your Society to send a competent man to inspect 
the Chancel, I shall be glad to show him hospitality, and would 
meet him at Miller’s Dale station. There is no time to lose ; 


tenders for the new Chancel are to be sent in on or before 
Feb. 24th. 


Yours truly, 
HENRY BUCKSTON. 
Arthur Cox, Esq. 


This letter was received on the 17th February, just after the 
Council of the Society had met. Before the Council met again, 
I had received a letter from a gentleman in the neighbourhood, 
who is not a member of our Society, but who is well known as 
an authority on archzological matters. In this letter, referring 
to Hope Church, are these passages—‘T am told that the 
Sedilia are to be moved further eastward "—‘‘it seems a question- 
able kind of restoration to remove Sedilia, generally the most 
important landmark of any old Chancel. It is also proposed to 
remove the lead from the roof and substitute slate, and to raise 
the pitch of the roof ”—* the Church is in the gift of the Dean 
and Chapter of Lichfield ; I can hardly believe that the patrons 
can know of the substitution of slate for lead, and the removal 
_ Of a portion of the history of one of our oldest Peak churches ””»— 
_ **the architect’s name is Abbott, of Sheffield.” The Council 
of the Society met on the 7th of March, when it was resolved to 
Send over Messrs. W. H. St. John Hope and F. J. Robinson, on 
_ the part of the Society, to Hope, in order that they might report 
upon the proposed plan of restoration. The Society also 
_ enquired as to the experience of the architect named Abbott. 
The Vicar of Hope was informed of the proposed visit of 
_ Messrs. Hope and Robinson, and replied thus :— 


a 


78 NOTES ON HOPE CHURCH. 


Vicarage, Hope, Sheffield, 


March roth, 1881. 
DEAR SIrR, 


I am obliged by your letter, and hope that the deputation 
will kindly let me know a few days before they come (even if 
they do not want a lift from Miller’s Dale), in order that I may 
be at home to receive them. We are not attempting a “ restora- 
tion” of the Chancel, but are intending to rebuild from the 
foundation ; the present walls are in a “‘ dangerous” state. 


Yours truly, 
HENRY BUCKSTON. 


One of our members, a well-known enemy to “restoration,” 
wrote to me, at this time, and said, “ I never was more astounded 
in my life than to hear avhat you say about Hope Church. There 
is not a more delightful old church in Derbyshire, or one that 
would suffer more from the atrocities—that is too mild a word— 
of “‘the restorer.” A little later, the same correspondent writes— 
““T have been over to Hope to-day ; I have had an interview 
with the Vicar, and have looked the Church carefully over. I 
am decidedly of opinion that it would be an act of the most 
inexcusable Vandalism to pull the Chancel down. I cannot 
conceive how such a scheme can have entered into the head of 
‘*T never knew until to-day that there 
was such a man as Abbott practising as an architect in Sheffield.” 

In the meantime, on the 12th March, Messrs. W. H. St. John 
Hope and Robinson went over to Hope, and, at the next 
meeting of the Council, their report was as follows :— 


” 


any reasonable being. 


To THE COUNCIL OF THE D. A. AnD N. H. S. 


Report on Hope Church, by F. J. Robinson and 
W. H. St. John Hope. 


Gentlemen—In accordance with your instructions, we pro- 
ceeded on Saturday, March 12th, to Hope. The Vicar, the 
Rev. H. Buckston, conducted us over the church and ex- 
plained the proposed restorations. The chancel of the church 


NOTES ON HOPE CHURCH. 79 


is of ‘‘ Late Perpendicular” architecture, very debased in style ; 
the base-course, buttresses, piscina, and sedilia are of earlier 
date ; the walls are built of coarse rubble-stone ; the roof is of 
low pitch, underdrawn by a flat ceiling, and is evidently in a 
bad state of repair, and pushing the walls out of the perpen- 
dicular. We were unable to see the plans of the restoration, 
but were informed by the vicar that it is proposed—To rebuild 
the chancel from the foundations, with entirely new stonework ; to 
replace the flat lead roof with one of a much higher pitch 
and covered with slates, entirely doing away with the present 
embattled parapet and pinnacles; to re-insert the piscina and 
sedilia further eastward than they are at present, making the 
sedilia all on one level, instead of retaining them in three 
steps ; to change the present position of the side windows of 
the chancel, and to close the priest’s door in the south wall; 
to re-lay the floor of the chancel with encaustic tiles, covering 
up several monumental slabs. 

With respect to these proposed alterations we would sub- 
_ mit—That, if it is considered necessary to rebuild the walls, 
the present base-course, buttresses, windows, priest’s door, and 
parapet should be carefully taken down, and rebuilt with the 
same materials, and in the same position; that the pitch of 
the new roof should differ as little as possible from the present 
pitch, and lead should again be used as a covering ; that the 
piscina and sedilia should not be removed in the contemplated 
re-building, nor any change made in their position or level, it 
being quite possible to arrange the chancel steps to suit them ; 
that the monumental slabs on the chancel floor should remain 
in their present position and should not be covered up with 
encaustic tiles. 
We are pleased to see that the ancient oak belonging to 
e church has been carefully preserved, and to hear that the 
ew fittings for the chancel are to be copied from an ancient 
h-end now standing. 


ial 


FRED. J. ROBINSON, 
W. H. St. Joun Hope. 


4 


This report having been read, the Council unanimously passed 
the following resolution :—‘‘ That a copy of the report of Messrs. 
Robinson and Hope be sent to the Dean and Chapter of 
Lichfield, the patrons of the Living of Hope, with an earnest 
request that they will use whatever influence they possess to 
prevent the wholesale destruction of the Chancel contemplated - 
by the parish authorities. That a copy of the same report be 
also sent to the Vicar of Hope, a member of this society, with 
an expression of the earnest hope of this Council that the parish 
authorities will consent to modify their plans to the extent of the 
suggestions contained in the report.” The copies of the report 
were sent accordingly. In the case of the Vicar of Hope the 
reply I received was this— 


80 NOTES ON HOPE CHURCH. 


Vicarage, Hope, Sheffield, 


April r2th, 1881. 
DEAR SIR, 


I beg to acknowledge receipt of Messrs. Robinson and 
St. John Hope’s report on Hope Chancel, and am obliged. I 
have also received a copy of a report from the Dean of Lichfield, 
made by Mr. J. Oldrid Scott. 
I am, Sir, your obedient servant, 


HENRY BUCKSTON. 
Arthur Cox, Esq. 


From the Dean of Lichfield I received this letter, from which it 
will be seen that the Chapter had been acting quite independently 
of this Society, and at the same time— 


The Deanery, Lichfield, 


April rath, 1881. 
My pDEAR MrR. Cox, 


I think you will be interested to learn that as soon as I 
heard of what was proposed to be done at Hoge Church, which 
was only about a fortnight ago, I made arrangements for Mr. 
Scott, our cathedral architect, to visit Hope Church, and to 
report to us upon the proposed alterations. I now enclose to 
you his Report, which I must request you to return to mé. © 


NOTES ON HOPE CHURCH. 81 


Unfortunately, the day that I heard of these intentions, a faculty 
had been granted for the purpose of carrying them out; and 
this, without any communications having been made to us, the 
patrons of the Living! I have sent a copy of Mr. Scott’s report 
to the Vicar, Mr. Buckston, and, though I am not very sanguine, 
I still hope that something may be done to abate the mischief, 
and to modify the plans. 
Ever most truly yours, 
EDWAR") BICKERSTETH, D.D. 

Arthur Cox, Esq. 


Mr. Oldrid Scott’s report was as follows :— 


Stockport, April 6, 1881. 
Horr CHURCH, SHEFFIELD. 


__ My dear Sir—I have to-day visited the church at Hope as 

requested by the Dean and Chapter. It is of two ages—the 
steeple at the west end, the nave arcades, and the chancel 
arch being Middle Decorated and the remainder of the church 
Perpendicular. 

The style of the chancel as it now appears is wholly of the 15th 
_ century, though it seems to have been built somewhat before the 
other late additions were made. 

It is on a large scale, and is unusually long. In other 
‘respects it is perhaps inferior to the rest of the building, its 
walls being of small and rough stones and the tracery of its 
windows having a look of rudeness, which is, however, by no 
“means devoid of interest. 

The chancel, like the nave, had originally a high pitched 
toof without parapets, but, as far as I can judge, this could 
only have remained for a very short time, for within a few 
years of the erection of the chancel it is clear that the whole 
church was re-cast and given its present late character. A 
clerestory was added to the nave, the aisles were rebuilt, pro- 
ably on a larger scale; flat roofs, covered with lead, were 
substituted for the older ones, and battlemented parapets with 


—— 
Fr "4 
“ 


82 NOTES ON HOPE CHURCH. 


pinnacles erected on every part of the building. These changes 
were made in the chancel as well as in the body of the church, 
a flat roof and parapets taking the place of the higher roof with 
eaves. 

In the beginning of the 17th century repairs were carried out 
in the chancel and elsewhere; the eastern buttresses are of 
this date and the upper part of the chancel pinnacles. There 
was a good deal of woodwork introduced at the same time. 

Internally, the chancel is peculiar from its length and from 
the unusual pattern of the window tracery. The windows in 
the side walls are placed towards the east and west ends, leaving 
a blank in the centre. The sedilia are plain but of good charac- 
ter, and by their arrangement in three levels probably show the 
position of the ancient steps. 

The roof, which I had opened in two places, seems to be 
in very good condition, except the wall plates, which as usual 
have decayed; no doubt a portion of the rafters, too, require 
renewal or splicing: The present roof has one objection from 
its cutting off the extreme point of the east window and falling 
below the top of the chancel arch. 

The side walls are a good deal out of the perpendicular, and 
appear to be badly constructed, being built for the most part 
of small and short stones. In this it differs from the remainder 
of the church, which is all faced with square ashlar. The plans, 
which have been prepared by Mr. Abbott, provide for a com- 
plete reconstruction of the chancel. The walls are to be taken 
down and rebuilt. The windows are to be new, the old patterns 
of tracery being followed, but their positions are altered, except 
the east window. 

The sedilia is to be re-used, but its three seats are to be 
brought to one level, and it is to be moved further east. The 
battlements are to be done away with, and a high roof of 
pitch-pine substituted for the present flat oak roof. 

The floor levels are also changed, three steps being placed 
at the entrance of the chancel instead of one; and those steps 
which exist at the east end, and which, from their agreeing with 


NOTES ON HOPE CHURCH. 83 


the various levels of the sedilia, are probably original in their 
positions, are to be done away with, one step being provided at 
the altar rail. 

In my opinion the guiding principles in this, as in all other 
restorations, should be to make as little alteration in anterial 
features as is practicable, and I confess I do not see any 
sufficient reason for the changes which are proposed. 

There is no doubt the walls of the chancel are in a bad state, 
and to some extent may need rebuilding. This seems to me to 
apply to the centre portion of each of the side walls, that is to 
say, to the long blank spaces between the windows. The re- 
_ mainder might probably be dealt with in the usual way, by 
bonding and grouting, with such under-pinning as the state of 
the foundations may need. 

The window tracery should be repaired and re-used. I see 
no difficulty in doing this ; it is not all seriously decayed, though 
it requires resetting and some new stone. It will be far more 
_ interesting treated thus than if copied in the new windows. The 
_ position of the windows and the sedilia should certainly be 
retained just as at present, as well as the levels of the latter 
and the steps indicated by them. One effect of this would be 
to bring the altar rail further west than is usual, but no incon- 
venience would result, as there is ample length in the chancel. 
The long space free from windows would be very useful if a 
chamber for the organ should be found necessary ; it might be 
provided by forming an arch in the north wall, with a shallow 
Tecess for the organ, and the vestry behind. 

_ ,The old oak cill of the chancel screen remains, and shows 
that there was but one step at this point. This should, I think, 
be kept too, the steps would then be as follows:—one at the 
ancel arch, one at the altar rail, two opposite the sedilia, and 
‘one round the altar. 

_ Turning now to the roof. There is no doubt that there was 
once a high roof, but the existing one is of the same age as the 
greater part of the church, and with its battlemented parapet 
agrees with the character which has been given to the whole 


7 


84 NOTES ON HOPE CHURCH. 


building by its re-construction in the 15th century. Therefore, 
to do away with the parapets and to substitute a high roof 
would certainly throw the chancel out of harmony with the 
rest of the church without, as far as I can see, any compen- 
sating advantage, excepting that the defect I have mentioned 
arising from the points of the east window and chancel arch 
being cut of by the flat roof would be removed. This may, 
however, be got rid of in a much more simple manner by 
raising the present roof a foot or rather more without altering 
it in any other way. This need not affect the parapets. It 
would probably be necessary to omit the western tie beam to 
clear the chancel arch completely, the principal rafters over it 
being kept. 

These are the points in which I would suggest the proposed 
plans might be altered so as to effect a more conservative 
restoration. I am convinced that the result would be far more 
interesting, and give greater satisfaction than if the chancel 
were dealt with in a more sweeping manner. I am glad to 
hear that all the old panelling is to be retained ; no doubt the 
same will be the case with the monumental slabs. In rebuild- 
ing the chancel walls it would be well to retain something of 
the present character of walling, as this is evidence of their age 
differing from the rest of the church. 

Believe me, my dear sir, yours very faithfully, 
J. OLDRID SCOTT. 

The Very Rev. the Dean of Lichfield. 


The permission of the Dean and Chapter was obtained, and _ 


Mr. Scott’s report was published, together with that of Messrs. 
Hope and Robinson, in all the local papers. The Dean, in 
giving his consent to the publication of the report said, “ It may 
help the cause of church restoration on sound principles in 
future cases. I am much disappointed at the result of my efforts 
in the case of Hope.” Many independent letters appeared in 
the papers, and among them one from the Rev. J. Charles Cox, 
author of the “Churches of Derbyshire,” which was to this 
effect— 


- 


NOTES ON HOPE CHURCH. 85 


To the Editor of the Sheffield Daily Telegraph. 


THE “ RESTORATION ” OF Hopr CHuRCH. 


Sir,—A copy of your paper of the oth inst. was recently 
forwarded to me containing the valuable letters of Messrs. 
Bagshawe and Addy, on the projected treatment of the churches 
of Eyam and Hope. My friend, Mr. Addy, therein made an 
appeal to me to give some public expression of my opinion. I do 
not know that anything I can say will have any special weight, 
but as one who spent the better part of eight years in gathering 
together historical and other notes respecting the ancient churches 
of Derbyshire, I claim your indulgence for a brief expression of 
opinion. Other engagements have prevented me writing before, 
but I have privately done what little I could to check any hasty 
treatment of Hope Church. 

I regard the chancel of Hope Church as by far the most 
interesting unrestored chancel in the whole of Derbyshire, and 
_when, therefore, I heard from a clergyman, far more competent 
on questions of ecclesiology than anyone else in the county, of the 
proposed wholesale alterations, I at once ventured to put myself 
in communication with the patrons of Hope, the Dean and 
Chapter of Lichfield. The hon. secretary of the Derbyshire 
Archeological Society had already, I believe, received several 
‘protests from different sources. An unofficial letter from the 
patrons was at once despatched to the Vicar of Hope, and the 
matter was brought formally before the Chapter at their next 
Meeting. Most unfortunately the faculty for the destruction of 
the chancel had been granted by the Chancellor on the previous 
Monday. In some other dioceses it is, I understand, the practice 
always acquaint patrons with any application for a faculty ; and 
[ believe that one good result of the stir that is being made about 
ope will be to bring about such a habit at the Lichfield Court. 

As it was, a faculty was granted without any cognisance on the 
part of the Dean and Chapter, and this precludes them from any 
ormal and technical opposition. 

_ The report of Mr. John Oldrid Scott, made at the request of 
the Chapter, as well as the report of the Derbyshire Archeological 


” 


86 . NOTES ON HOPE CHURCH. 


Society, on the proposed changes will already have reached you. 
The latter report ought to carry much weight, as one of the 
gentlemen signing it is diocesan architect, and the other a skilled 
archzeologist of growing repute. As for Mr. Scott, those who are 
acquainted with his work recognise in him all the ability of his 
father, coupled with the conservative caution that character- 
ised Sir Gilbert’s riper years. I have not the pleasure of knowing 
the Vicar of Hope, but I cannot imagine it possible that he will 
persist in any hastily conceived plan of restoration, so destructive 
of history, when a better course has been so courteously pointed 
out in the able reports to which I have referred. 

If the authorities at Hope insist on carrying out Mr. Abbott’s 
original plans, I can only say that it will be the most wanton des- 
truction of historic work ever perpetrated in the county. I use the 
words ‘‘ most wanton” deliberately, for though better work than 
that at Hope has been destroyed during the past century, and 
even during far more recent years, still not one of these other 
cases of Vandalism will have been such a gross instance of sinning 
against knowledge as the overthrow of Hope chancel after Mr. 
Scott’s report. I cannot bring myself to believe that the Vicar or 
those in charge of the funds, will persevere in their original plans ; 
but, in case any such determination should be shown, might it not 
be wise for those who have promised to subscribe to the work to 
withhold for the present their moneys? This could be done in all 
fairness, when an architect of worldwide repute has reported that 
much which was represented as necessary is in reality un- 
necessary. 

Permit me one other remark. Any architect who may persist, 
in the face of Mr. Scott’s report, in pulling down Hope chancel, 
must inevitably utterly ruin his reputation. Can anyone wish to 
be handed down to posterity as the unnecessary destroyer of an 
historic building, rich in interest, and abounding in reverent 
associations with the faith once delivered to the saints ? 

Faithfully yours, 


J. CHARLES COX. 
Christ Church Vicarage, Lichfield, 


27th April, 1881. 


Sk) nt ila 


, Derby 


Photc 


ne, 


LCC 


Bust 


88. 


fone} 


JUNE 


HOPE CHURCH, DERBYSHIRE. 


NOTES ON HOPE CHURCH. 87 


At a meeting of the Council on the gth of June, we heard that 
the plan of demolition had been modified—at least to the extent 
of making the new roof flat, and of oak, so that we felt some 
good had been done, and that more might follow. On the rith 
of June, however, I received a letter telling me that the Chancel 
of Hope Church was to be taken down, bodily, on the 16th. 
There was no time to summon the Council, and I felt compelled 
to take some immediate steps. After consultation with the Rev. 
J. Charles Cox, and with the approval of the Dean and Chapter 
of Lichfield, it was arranged for Mr. J. Charles Cox and Mr. 
Irvine to go over to Hope at once, to see what was to be, or 
could be done. Mr. Keene also went over to Hope the same 
day and took the photograph of the church, which appears with 
this account. A fortunate circumstance also was that the Lord 
Bishop of the diocese was at Hope the same day. After his 
visit to Hope, Mr. J. Charles Cox wrote the following letter to 
the D. A. and N. H. Society :— 


THe Last oF Hope CHANCEL. 


To THE VIGILANCE COMMITTEE OF THE D. A. AND N. H. S. 

GENTLEMEN,—Hearing last Friday from the Dean of Lichfield 
that the roof of the old chancel of Hope Church, from which the 
lead had some weeks ago been stripped, was to remain untouched 
until after the 16th inst., and learning also that the accuracy of the 
reports on the chancel, made for the Dean and Chapter by Mr. 
J. O. Scott, and for our Society by Messrs. Robinson and Hope, 
were being challenged and seriously called in question, I com- 
municated with the hon. sec. of the D. A. and N. H. S. on the 
subject, and it seemed to both of us highly desirable that another 
isit should be paid to the chancel before its demolition. now 
t the walls and roof were thoroughly exposed. Messrs. 
obinson and Hope being both absent from home, at the 
suggestion of your hon. sec., and with the approval of other 
mbers of the Society who were consulted at Lichfield, Mr. J. 
[. Irvine was invited to accompany me to Hope. Mr. Irvine, 
ho is a well-known antiquary and writer in archzological 


“7 


journals, has recently had the charge of the restoration of the 
cathedral churches of Wells and Rochester, and of the abbey 
church of Bath, and is now clerk of the works at Lichfield 
Cathedral. A more competent and thoroughly practical judge on 
the vexed question of ‘restoration’ it would not, I suppose, be 
possible to secure. 

We visited Hope on the afternoon of the 16th inst., and found 
the chancel cleared of all its fittings ; the panelling, and in many 
places the plaster, removed from the interior wall, the flat ceiling 
cleared away, and the lead, with much of the thin planking upon 
which it rested, taken off the roof. It was therefore now far more 
easy than heretofore to form an accurate opinion as to the age and 
durability of the old chancel. 

Mr. Irvine and myself examined the roof and walls with all 
possible care, and we had the advantage of the presence of 
Mr. Hill, the courteous builder, who has taken the contract for 
this unfortunate demolition, but who will be better remembered 
by the excellent way in which he has carried out other real 
restorations in this district. Mr. Irvine has kindly promised to 
make for you a detailed report, and I will therefore content myself 


88 NOTES ON HOPE CHURCH. 


with a few general remarks, independent of the more valuable 
opinions he may have formed. 

The roof has been a good plain example of Perpendicular work, 
and some of the timbers clearly showed that they had been 
previously used in a Decorated or fourteenth century roof. Of the 
four tie-beams, three were in good condition, and one badly 
decayed in a place on the south side where it is joined bya purlin. 

A small portion of the purlins would require renewing or splicing 
with new oak, and the damaged tie-beam would require re-backing 
and pinning up. The greater part of the rafters would have to be 
replaced. I have seen old church roofs in quite as bad, or worse, 
condition as this, which have amply repaid conservative treatment. 
As Derbyshire instances, I could mention Youlgreave and North © 
Wingfield. I walked about everywhere across the old roof, re- 
peatedly traversing the damaged tie- beam, and could see noreason 
for anticipating any immediate danger from its condition. I 


j 


NOTES ON HOPE CHURCH. 89 


should think the roof might have safely remained untouched for 
another quarter of a century at the least, and with careful restoration 
_ would have lasted just as long, nay, probably longer, than a new one. 
The masonry o- the chancel is of peculiar interest, and in this 
respect quite differs from the aisles, which were entirely re-cased 
with new work in the fifteenth century. At that time the chancel 
was strengthened with large buttresses, and windows of Perpen- 
dicular tracery inserted, but the older masonry and the Decorated 
base plinth remained. At least five different changes could be 
readily traced in the chancel walls, of five distinct periods—Early 
English, Decorated, Perpendicular, restoration of 17th century, 
restoration circa 1800. ‘The walls of this chancel would, in my 
opinion, have remained for many a generation as a saonument of 
_an historic church, even if quite untouched ; and if they had only 
been under-pinned, and perhaps one single bay rebuilt (but of the 
old stone), would have told just the same tale to posterity for four 
or five centuries. There seems no sort of an excuse for the new 
windows ; the tracery of the large east window and of the four side 
windows is in the main good, sound, and fresh. It is far preferable 
to the copy of the old work now, alas, lying in the churchyard, 
ready for immediate erection. Great care has undoubtedly been 
taken with the new tracery, but it quite fails to reproduce the 
boldness and crispness of the Perpendicular cusps of the old east 
window. The parapet stones, one side of which were already 
flung down, are, with an occasional exception, in most excellent 
condition, and even more durable from their hardening with 
exposure than their successors. 


he time this letter reaches you I fear the walls will be 
levelled. But in view of possible proposals of like character 
regard to other old work in Derbyshire, I should wish 
9 add this remark, viz., that if partially decayed roofs and 
alls that slightly deflect from the perpendicular are to be 
the reasons for complete demolition, there is not an old 
hurch in the county which should not come down, and the 


gO NOTES ON HOPE CHURCH. 


Cathedral Church of Lichfield ought long ago to have been 
levelled with the ground. 

Though not successful in staying the destruction of the 
old chancel, our society is to be congratulated upon having 
secured three most important modifications of the original 
scheme of the architect. Firstly—the notion of a high-pitched 
roof, which would have completely destroyed the character of 
the church, has been abandoned; secondly—English oak has 
been substituted for pitch-pine for the timbers of the new 
roof; thirdly—the sedilia are not to be reduced to one level. 

‘“‘T cannot help hoping that two other modifications may 
yet be gained. Firstly, the rebuilding in the new chancel of 
the old priest’s doorway, which is in good preservation and 
of two distinct periods; secondly, the placing of the new 
side windows in the same position as the old ones. With 
respect to this latter point, I would remark that in the old 
chancel the middle of the three bays on each side was unpierced 
with Perpendicular windows (whatever may have been their earlier 
condition), and it is now proposed to leave the bays nearest the 
east end unlighted ; but surely this decision would be contrary to 
the general use of old custom as well as to the canons of 
ecclesiastical propriety. 

It may also be well to note that one or two of the inscribed 
tombstones that form part of the floor of the chancel had been 
dislodged at the time of our visit but not removed, and that the 
remainder were in position. It is to be hoped that these 
memorials will be either carefully removed or covered up during 
the demolition, otherwise their destruction by falling beams or 
stones seems highly probable. 

Photographs of the interior and exterior of the chancel were 
taken for the society, on the 16th, by Mr. Keene, of Derby. 

Deeply regretting that the generous and well-meant intentions 
of the subscribers to the new chancel of Hope Church could not 
have been led into a less harmful direction, 


I remain, gentlemen, your obedient servant, 
J. CHARLES COX. 
Christ Church Vicarage, Lichfield, June 1, 1881. 


NOTES ON HOPE CHURCH. gi 


The following letter was also written by Mr. Irvine to Mr. 
Cox :— 
Dear Sir, 

Having yesterday visited Hopé Church, I will now, 
in reply to your request, put in writing a report on the 
general state of the fabric of its chancel, then standing 
empty of all fittings. The lead removed from the roof timbers 
of the said choir, together with the whole stone work of 


_. the battlements of south wall. Those parts of the roof timbers 


most decayed having also had the thin oak boarding removed, 
on which the lead rested. The chancel is of good length, 
and of fine width and height. The architectural remains 
prove it to consist of parts of three successive rebuildings [at 
least], in early times. Besides which it also presents traces of 
some two, or it may be three, sets of modern (eighteenth or 
nineteenth century) repairs, executed probably at the cost of the 
Chapter of Lichfield. Time not allowing of sketches being made, 


I am obliged to illustrate from memory, but believe the 
rough mems. given will be found not much different from 


92 NOTES ON HOPE CHURCH. 


original. The greater part of the general walling is of 
early date, the material being of small, chop-faced stones, 
which material is also continued in that part of the wall where 
at top it had been raised in Perpendicular times, [which 
narrow strip contains dressed blocks, the remains of the older 
copings and quoins seen as irregularly introduced into it]. The 
lower walling represents probably the work of the Early English 
period, though no other moulded parts remain save only the 
sedilia (seemingly transitional in date Norman to E.E.). These 
are three in number, each raised a step above the other, and 
enable the original levels of the floor to be easily recovered, 
save in the case of the front step, and what may have 
been the division at junction with nave. Eastward of these ~ 
seats is found a piscina of Decorated date, placed so far 
from the east wall, that in all probability the old altar7 
stood free of this wall in front of a stone or wooden 
reredos, having behind it a small narrow vestry, somewhat — 
as yet remains at Tideswell Church. As above stated, the early 
church has left, beyond these seats, but few remains. A slight 
fragment of the easfern jamb of an opening a little west of the 
altar steps in the zws¢de of the north wall [ovZy] presents what may 
have been the entrance to an external vestry on that side. And 
externally, in the east wall below the sill of the present east 
window, a slight line appears to mark where the bottom beds of 
the sill or sills of the early triplet lights rested. 

The chancel received its first great change during the Decorated 
period, when considerable alterations also went on in the nave. 


To this time and age belongs the old plinth of 
choir walls, together with the V/, sill and jambs of 
present east window, though mot its arch and 
tracery ; and possibly also it may be the jambs 
of side windows, the piscina in choir, and 
inner arch of priest’s door , (south wall). No 
trace of any Norman or earlier ia Y walling is found 


throughout. Though the set of the roof had 


94 NOTES ON HOPE CHURCH. 


Carel, 
spread the early walling, yet singular to say no evidence of any 
buttresses present themselves even in the Decorated additions, 
unless the fact of the diagonal plan of the angle buttresses may 
have been a suggestion obtained from destroyed ones of that 


NOTES ON HOPE CHURCH. 95 


period. But there is no doubt that its roof (made anew) was 
higher than the first, and certainly thus produced a further deflec- 
tion of the walls outward. 

In Perpendicular times, a grand and general recasting of the 
whole nave and its aisles took place. The nave receiving the 
addition of an ample clerestory, leaving traces of the older and 
lower roof and its weather moulding against east side of west 
tower. This nave clerestory necessitated a flat roof for its 
covering, and this then led to the recasting of the upper walls of 
choir; a proceeding effected by the removal of its former high 
roof. The taking down of the east gable (then of high pitch) so 
low as the springing of east window, which old window would 


A. Sivarurnrh 
B. bee BYB%6? taco forbaf ot, 
Yad Pogendic ube. 
CHC% fof chien hn 
Lelicbr is Were Wei lnnen, 


96 NOTES ON HOPE CHURCH. 


most likely have been spared had not its apex been too high for 
the new gable. Retaining its sill and jambs, which received new 
mullions, tracery, and arch, lowered to the necessities of the new 
design. The side walls were raised by building thereon some 
three feet or so, and a fine embattled parapet added, with 
dwarf pinnacles over the centres of buttresses, which last were 
now built up to the older side walls. 

The roof was kept at a little lower pitch than that of the nave, 
thus rendering the present design most perfect, when considered 
in connection with the spire and dwarfish tower. Indeed a most 
remarkable and excellent example of the ability of the architects 
of the middle ages to produce a beautiful and harmonious whole, 
even when the difficulties to be overcome were very great indeed. 
This, I think, will be the conclusion of everyone who has had the 
good fortune to see the old church—prior to its proposed 
destruction—from the road entering the village of Hope from 
Tideswell. 


NOTES ON HOPE CHURCH. 97 


Of this a very considerable amount of the admirable balance 
of lines and grouping will be destroyed when the proposed 
equalising of the planes of the two roofs is effected; and more 
especially so by the alteration in height of the side buttresses 
intended to be made in the rebuilding. The present old ones 
having been solely considered in connection with me Perpen- 
dicular yvebuilding and its design. 

The chancel roof is formed of four tie beams, one at each 
wall, and the others at points between, corresponding with 
the lines of the added buttresses of the 
same period. These last have plinths of 
their own, quite regardless of the earlier “< 
plinth of a simpler description, which 
remain between them. 


These buttresses are narrow, being only in their lower stage rft. 
6in. wide by a projection of about 2ft. 44in. 

The roof has a moulded wall plate, with purlins 
and ridge-piece and _prin- Wr a also moulded. 
The ends of these tie beams br rest (see above rough 
sketch) on curved braces and ashlars, supported 
on stone corbels, placed about the level of what was the top of 
the early walls. The present finish of wall externally is the above- 
mentioned embattled stone parapet, resting on a simple stone 
String. This has at angles and over each buttress a dwarf 
pinnacle, with crocketed top, of which most, if not all, have been 


98 NOTES ON HOPE CHURCH. 


at various times repaired and renewed in rude fashion by the 
Lichfield Chapter. The rafters of the roof are a simple square 
in section, covered with thin split oak boarding to receive lead. 
These rafters numbered about eight in all bays, save that at east, 
where there may have been one more. Unfortunately this roof cut 
off a small bit of the points of the east window and of chancel 
arch. 

As before mentioned, the levels of floor are doubtful at west 
end, and as the chancel arch had been hoarded off, speaking 
with doubt (and it may be liable to correction), the old levels 
appeared to have been one step at chancel arch, then level to 
beyond priest’s door, where a dvoad step, agreeing with lowest seat 
of sedilia was met; next, two narrower and following rise of the 
other sedilia seats had existed. East of which the floor had been 
one level, save that on it had stood the altar step, of reaching the 
side walls. 

The lower part of the walls, as seen in section through some of 
the original putlog holes of the very early work (which were quite 
open from side to side, the closing materials having been taken 
out by the builder) appeared to be in a very good state ; but of 
those open, unfortunately, none were in the central bay where the 
state of the wall was worst externally. 

It therefore remains but to state what was actually defective 
and generally what works were necessary to place the choir ina 
perfectly safe state for at least the next 300 or 400 years. 

The defects were :— 

tst. Walls gone over. 
~ and. Cracks existing 7 east wall, produced by No. 1. 

3rd. Damage of window tracery. 

4th. Roof timbers decayed. 

5th. Repairs required of stone parapet and pinnacles. 

6th. Repair lead of roof, down pipes, and drainage. 

Of the last, No. 6.—As the lead had been entirely removed, and 
the down pipes might fairly be reused, it need scarcely be further 
entered on. 

No. 1.—Walls gone over.—This had come down partly from 


NOTES ON HOPE CHURCH. 99 


the very first chancel, the mass of whose small stone walling had 
been suffered to remain. The Decorated roof had added a 
considerable share ; nor had the mischief wholly ceased afterwards, 
_ probably from the culpable habit of making graves close to the 
wall. And the foundation of the first choir wall had perhaps not 
reached down toa solid foundation. On, however, testing the 
worst places on both sides and the face of the worst buttress, it 
was fou id that the very worst bit was about seven inches or so over; 
but a great part was but to small amounts. The above dimension 
was not only at the very worst possible place, but also in the 
whole height of the wall. There was, however, no real danger to 
the structure, had proper remedies been applied, by providing 
that the whole walls of the chancel should have been very care- 
fully underpinned, excavations for such purpose to have gone to a 
solid bottom, and extended one foot six inches under walls. To 
have been executed in short lengths of five to seven feet at a 
time, commencing simultaneously at extreme points, and filling in 
with a first deposit of a bed of concrete, two feet six inches deep, 
and extending forward at least in front of old wall to the extent at 
base of not less than one foot nine inches, composed of clean 
gravel and cement, or strong hydraulic lime. The space above 
_ to be carefully built up with flat, broad rough stone, laid in 
cement to a slight batter, so as to finish at top, not less in 
_ projection than nine inches before plinth of wall, and also of the 
later buttresses, under which, of course, the concrete, etc., should 
also be laid, and the stone work built. 

No. 2.—Cracks in east walli—These arose from the former 
cause, in a principal sense, but have received damage by the line 
of thrust of the upper part of east gable, being now of course 
passing at a lower angle. T& remedy them ata former time, 
the Chapter of Lichfield appears to have had the old diagonal 
buttresses at the two angles taken down and rebuilt. But 
unfortunately this had not been done properly, neither fresh 
foundations of a proper sort, nor large bonding stones connecting 
the new work to the old wall, as it ought to have been done, appear 
© have been used ; though the buttresses ¢remse/ves appear fairly 


100 NOTES ON HOPE CHURCH. 


built, [though with, as it might be expected, scant attention to the 
old details]. However, if under-pinning, as above described, had 
taken place, and good solid bonds, three in number, to each 
crack had been inserted in cement the joint being cleared out and 
run full of ditto, and carefully pointed up, they would have been 
perfectly safe. Or better still as regards the architectural appearance, 
these two buttresses might have been carefully taken down and 
rebuilt with the new solid bonders, as above mentioned, but 
otherwise retaining and re-using the old stone, with the only other 
change of correcting the mouldings. 

3rd—Damage to window tracery—This in east window 
followed from the above settlements, but merely presented the 
crushing of a very small stone or two in top of tracery and in the 
top stone of the arch over. Otherwise damage was limited to 
some little hacking of the sides of the mullions during some 
repair of the glass. The window may be said, beside these, to be 
in excellent condition, even to the crispness and projection of the 
cusps. The tracery has certain singular peculiarities, almost 
suggesting a tampering with the design at some period ; but, if 
we are to believe the jointing, either the necessary insertion of a 
stone or two was effected in an astonishingly careful manner or 
the singularities existed from the very first. Repair then is, it will 
be seen, a very small item, though not actually necessary ; yet, if 
the mullions are thought not good enough, they might be new. 
Otherwise but some five small stones of tracery and arch 
(together) are required. Of the side windows some small repairs 
of a similar description are desirable ; but anything like re-working 
the whole, or even any considerable part, is perfectly unnecessary. 
It should here be noted as being by no means unlikely that 
similar windows to those existing in the east and west bays did 
exist formerly in the centre one. Of these traces may possibly 
turn up when the wall-plaster is removed. The most reasonable 
innovation (if innovation is required) would be to re-introduce 
them here, especially as otherwise parts of the outer face of both 
walls of this centre bay require rebuilding, as also a patch to west 
of that window on south side of east bay. 


NOTES ON HOPE CHURCH. IOL 


4th—Roof timbers decayed.—This springs entirely from want 
of care in repairing the lead covering. It has most seriously 
affected the principal second from east wall at the junctions of the 
ends of the purlins with it on south side of roof. Through 
similar defects the small square rafters are also decayed, so that 
the renewal of two-thirds to three-fourths of them are required. 
The wall plates appear to have escaped, on the whole, 

WH, much better than under the circumstances I should 
“ have been led to suspect, it being questionable if 

_ indeed more than three new lengths (of bay, one side) may be of 
necessity required. Of the tie beams, three would pass with 
slight repairs, but of a fourth (the second from last) it would 
require to be spliced with practically about one-half new oak, 
moulded, and properly bolted to the old half. There would, 
however, be a possibility of re-using here the present westernmost 
beam, provided that that one was done away with. It would be 
_ desirable to screw up the present roof about one-third or so 
_ higher, for which there is ample space within the battlemented 
_ parapet without interference or difficulty with gutters or sight-line, 
thus enabling the tops of east window and chancel arch to be 
perfectly seen. The only replacement required at west wall 
would be three small stone corbels to support the ends of ridge 
-and purlins (or an iron shoe for ridge instead of the stone. 
Of the purlins, with the addition of iron straps on the back of the 
_ present, all might be repaired ; or, otherwise, two new ones would 
perhaps be required at most. Should the roof be screwed up to 
_ the level necessary to rise above apex of window and arch, before 
the space is built up advantage should be taken to well tar [or 
pitch rather with Swedish pitch] the backs and bottoms of the 
old wall plates and any new ones used. ‘The old stone corbels 
would require to be taken out and refixed at the slightly higher 
level, when the foot or so of additional wall space in height would 
be also built up. No difficulty would be found in reconstructing 
the gutters, which should discharge at each of the four angles, 
thus having one drip in each length, which would be much safer 


for the lead. 


102 NOTES ON HOPE CHURCH. 


5th—Repair of stone parapets and pinnacles—This would 
consist in part of “repairing” lost pinnacles, to a proper design, 
in parts above battlement, where lost; and an “innovation” in 
“restoring” certain which have been ‘‘made new,” but not like the 
originals, also adding a cross on east gable in place of one lost ; 
some stones of battlements will require to be renewed, and a few 
require to be simply reset in cement. Of the string below about 
one-third requires to be renewed, a necessity seemingly called for : 
rather from wanton destruction, than actual decay. The walls of 
the chancel appear to have been repointed lately in parts that 
would require to be looked over and corrected. If the angle 
buttresses were rebuilt, it is a question whether in the lower — 
stage they might not be better given 3in. more projection, and 
perhaps 13in. in upper stage. If, however, the underpinning is 
properly and thoroughly done, though the walls are not quite 
upright, not the slightest cause for any doubt about the stability 
of the structure would exist. 

With the above simple works, the continuance of the old 
building for at least the next three or four centuries would be 
rendered beyond doubt, and a most interesting specimen of 
the architectural glories of old England and old Derbyshire 
handed safely on to future generations. 

I beg to remain, 
Reverend and Dear Sir, 
Yours very faithfully, 


JAS. THOS. IRVINE. 
To the Rev, J..G> Cox. 


Mr. Cox’s letter appeared in the local papers, and a copy was 
sent to the Vicar of Hope by Mr. Cox himself. 
Mr. Cox received this reply from Mr. Buckston— 


Hope, Sheffield, 


June 2oth, 188r. 
DEAR SIR, 


I am obliged by your sending a copy of your letter ad- 
dressed to the D. Arch. Society, the more so, since it con- 


NOTES ON HOPE CHURCH. 103 


tains some inaccurate statements; not that I should have troubled 
to write to the newspapers to contradict them had they been 
published. 
_ The Chancel was carefully inspected by the Bishop of Lichfield 
on the morning of June 16th. I leave the questions as to 
whether :— 

ist. “ The roof might have safely remained untouched for 
_ another quarter of a century at least ;” 
_ 2nd. “The walls of this Chancel would have remained for 
many .. generation ;” 
- with his Lordship. He is an unprejudiced person, and, since 
_ the Bishop, through his Chancellor, granted the Faculty, per- 
haps it might be courteous to show the Bishop your letter. 

Now, I come to some statementsin your letter which are so 
_ wholly without foundation, that I cannot imagine whence your 
authority comes for making them; you speak of your Society 
_ having secured three things, briefly :— 
1. That the high-pitched roof is to be abandoned. 
2. English oak to be used. 
3. The sedilia are not to be reduced to one level. 
Allow me to inform you that your Society’s recommendations 
Pt ad nothing whatever to do with these changes; the moment 
the reports of Messrs. Robinson and St. John Hope, and of Mr. 
‘Scott appeared in the newspapers, they ceased to have any weight 
whatever with the Building Committee. 
_ You speak of the position of the present windows being retained, 
and also the priest’s door ; it is more than probable this may be 
done, but, I think it only right you should know your letter has had 
, Oinfluence. Iam compelled to make this remark after what you 
say about your Society having caused other changes in the plans. 
I note what you say about the inscribed tombstones in the 
Chancel ; the object of such a remark in a document about to be 
published is self-evident ; had you troubled to enquire from the 
Builder, you would have found his instructions strict and positive 
as to their careful preservation ; but since the fact is true, pray 
publish it, if you think it will help your case. 
9 


104 NOTES ON HOPE CHURCH. 


Pardon my asking one question—as Vicar of Hope, I am to 
some extent responsible for the safety of the choir who sat in the 
Chancel. Is it not my duty to be guided rather by the profes- 
sional opinion of an Architect of 40 years’ experience, and well 
known for his practical knowledge, than by the opinion of a few 


gentlemen who come to Hope for an hour or two, and rush into 


- 


print ? 

If by “any one’s feelings” you allude to mine, pray do not 
consider them; my only “feelings” have been those of surprise, 
that gentlemen, not one of whom most probably would have given 
£50 to prevent the Chancel becoming a heap of ruins, should put 
themselves to such fruitless trouble as writing letters to the 
papers; the Dean and Chapter in 1870, refused, not £50, but 
50/-, for the repair of the East Window. 

Yours truly, 
The Rev.-J. C. Cox. HENRY BUCKSTON. 


On the 1st of July, I received the following from Mr. 
Buckston— 
Vicarage, Hope, Sheffield, 


July 1st, 1881. 
DEAR SIR, 


Mr. J. Charles Cox sent me a MSS. copy of a letter 
addressed to the D. A.and N. H.S. This letter has appeared in 
the Sheffield and Rotherham newspaper. I enclose a copy of my 
letter to Mr. Cox, with a request to you that if his letter be 
entered on the Minutes of your Society, my reply may appear also. 
It would be an evil thing for your Society, if its members were to 
imagine that writing violent one-sided letters to the newspapers 
could produce any effect on the minds of practical men. 

Yours truly, 
HENRY BUCKSTON. 
Arthur Cox, Esq., Hon. Sec., D. A. and N. H.S. 


Rev. J. Charles Cox wishes it to be stated that part of Mr. 
Buckston’s letter refers to a private note of his, of which he did 
not keep a copy. Mr. Cox considered that Mr. Irvine’s 


NOTES ON HOPE CHURCH. 105 


_ exhaustive report so fully established all his remarks, that he 
did not think it worth while to make any further reply to Mr. 
Buckston. 
No further correspondence took place ; the demolition and 
rebuilding were proceeded with, and we heard no more about 
_ Hope for some months, except one interesting fact—viz., the 
discovery, under the foundations of the walls, of two incised 
sepulchral slabs. These were promptly photographed by Mr. 
J. D. Leader, F.S.A., and appear in another part of the Society’s 
journal. 
As to the final results, I have received a letter from one 
of our members in the north of the county, containing this 
information—“I gather,” says my correspondent, ‘‘that the 
restoration has been done in a much more satisfactory manner . 
_ than is usually the case; and this I believe to be mainly owing 
to the vigorous efforts of our Society and the gentlemen who 
assisted it. The tracery of the windows has been exactly copied, 
and the sedilia have been put back in their proper place. A 
good oak roof has been put over the Chancel. It is higher than 
the old one, which came below the Chancel arch. I could not 
learn that the inscribed monuments and brasses have been 
preserved, though I hope and believe that they have. Generally, 
I may say, from the report given me, that where the old features 
of the Chancel have been faithfully copied, the restoration is 
good. The controversy which arose respecting this church was 
very wide-spread, and I think the efforts made have been 
crowned with a real success, notwithstanding the fact that the 
‘Main point was not gained. I hope our Society will be successful 
in inducing the clergy and others to pay a greater regard to the 
venerable and valuable relics entrusted to their care, instead of 
imitating, as too many do, the moth which corrupts.” 
_ With this, ends my present acquaintance with the condition of 
affairs at Hope. I can most fully endorse the hope expressed in 
‘the last quotation I have given. Surely what has occurred at 
‘Hope: proves, if proof were wanting, that a society like ours 
was very much needed in Derbyshire. 


106 


On a Copper Seal Discobered at Darley Abbey, 
Derbyshire, 


By H. R. GaRsutrt. 


discovered a short time since in a cottage at Darley 
a Abbey, where it had done duty for a long period as 
a weight inside a pincushion: the handle only being visible. 
The pincushion is supposed to have come from Allestree Hall 


many years previously. 

The seal is oval in shape and formed of copper, with a 
boxwood handle fitting into a brass socket on the back. It 
measures 2} in. long by 1{ in. wide, and bears in the field a 
large anchor between the words SPES ANIM. The marginal 
legend is: SIGILLVM NATH: ELLISON ARCHIDIACONI 
STAFFORDIZ 1682. 

Nathaniel Ellison, M.A., whose official seal this was, was a 
Prebendary of Durham. He was appointed Vicar of Newcastle- 
on-Tyne, and in 1682 became Archdeacon of Stafford. This seal 
was accordingly made on his entering on his new preferment. 

Archdeacon Ellison died in 1721, and was buried in his own 
church at Newcastle. 


The seal is now in my possession. 


Plate Hl 


1682. 


A ie ks va Se 


‘ys 


bs alee > ak ad 


“ 


ay, ss | 


107 


Sacrist’s Roll of Richfield Cathedral, 
A.M. 1345. 


_ By Rev. J. Cuartes Cox anv W. H. St. Joun Hops, B.A. 


2 


faa pee MS., of which, by the kind permission of the Dean 
4} and Chapter of Lichfield, we are permitted to give a 
transcript, has been recently found among the Chapter 
- Muniments. It is an Indenture Chirograph, on a piece of 
parchment, two feet five inches long by eleven inches wide. The 
left hand margin is indented through eight or nine capital letters. 
The counterpart of this roll would doubtless be kept by the Sacrist. 
It is on the whole fairly legible, except an endorsed memorandum, 
but the contractions and unusual terms have made the work of 


translating it exceptionally laborious. We are much indebted to 
Rey. J. T. Fowler, M.A., F.S.A., of Durham, for the elucidation 
_of many obscure words and difficult passages. We also desire 
_to acknowledge the assistance of Mr. J. T. Micklethwaite, F.S.A., 
and of Mr. H. P. Welchman, of Lichfield. 


Hec indentura de bonis inventis in Sacristaria testatur. de 
quibus dominus Ricardus Mareschall per venerabiles viros 
magistrum Ricardum Radulphi Decanum magistrum Johannem 
de Deping Magistrum Johannem de Lundrethor’ Magistrum 
-Alanum de Conyngsburgh et Dominum Johannem de Melbourn 
canonicos ecclesie Lich’ est oneratus secundum copiam Indenture 
Johannis precessoris sui. die sabbati in vigilia sancte trinitatis 
Anno domini Millesimo, CCC. quadragesimo (quinto.) * 


g 


* Altered to ‘‘sexto.” 


Reliquie 


Cruces 


108 SACRIST’S ROLL OF LICHFIELD CATHEDRAL, 


IN primis capud beati Cedde in quodam vase ligneo depicto. 
Item brachium beati Cedde. Item ossa ipsius Sancti in quodam 
feretro portabili. Item duo feretra argentea ultra magnum 
altare cum reliquiis diversorum sanctorum. Item feretrum 
magnum sancti Cedde. prec’. ij. Mill’ libr’ de dono Walteri 
episcopi. Item decem scrinea cum reliquiis diversorum sanctorum 
sigillata diversis Sigillis. Et de ligno quod plantavit dominus Et 
dicitur Coket’. Item de ossibus sancti Laurencij. De Monte 
Calvarie. De Golgotha. De pulvere sancti Amfibali. De petra 
super quam stans ihe flevit amare. et flevit super Jerusalem. De 
ossibus. xj“" Millium virginum. De sepulchro beate virginis. 
De Innocentibus. De sancto Wolfado. De digito sancti 
Willielmi et de cucula. De infula sancti Anselmi. De cruce 
sancti Andree et de sepulchro eiusdem. De oleo sardine. De 
ossibus sancti Stephani. De ossibus sancte Elene. De pane 
sancti Goderici. De lorica sancti Goderici. De ossibus sancti 
Jacobi. De sanguine et sudario Sancti Jereonis Episcopi 
Colon. De ligno crucis Sancti Petri. De ossibus sancti (sic) 
Barbare. De sepulchro dominico. De cilicio sancti Cuthberti. 
De veste sancti Sathurnini[?]._ De tumba sancti Laurencij et de 
craticula eiusdem. De capite Sancti blasij. De brachio sancti 
Symeonis. 

Item una crux nobilis de puro auro cum pede nobili de auro 
puro. prec’. CC." librarum de dono Walteri de Langedon 
episcopi. lapidibus preciosis undique ornata. In qua imago 
crucifixi infigitur ex parte una. et supra illam imprimitur una 
parva crux de ligno dominico ut creditur. Ex altera parte 
infiguntur diversi lapides preciosi et magni valoris. videlicet 
sex rubei. Quinque saphiri. Quindecim Emeroidi * et unum 
fractum maior’ preter minores. Sexdecim magne perle preter 
parvas que innumerabiles. Item una magna crux cum 
lapidibus de argento ornata & deaurata cum reliquijs. Item tres 
alie cruces ¢ argento ornate & deaurate. Item una crux argentea 


* Over here is inserted “ deficit j.’ 

+ Here is inserted, ‘‘quarum una est de novo fracta ut apparet et deficit 
apparatus,” and a foot note, ‘‘ Est de novo fracta in parte & dni (?) manus 
dextera ” (two or three more words which are illegible follow). 


——— 


SACRIST’S ROLL OF LICHFIELD CATHEDRAL. 109 


cum lapidibus. Item quedam crux cristallina portatilis magna et 
pulcra.cum baculo depicto ad eandem. Item quedam parva crux 
lignea & deargentata cum reliquijs. Item tres alie cruces 
processionales argento ornate / quarum due cum reliquijs & una 
earum debilis valde et alia earum fracta est. Et due cruces 
portatiles * parve quarum una cooperta platis argenteis et alia de 
cupro superaurata de dono Rogeri de Meuland. Item due parve 
cruces argentee. Item loco crucis processionalis ornate argento 
est alia de Cupro. Item due cruces processionales de cupro cum 
baculis per dominum Stephanum de Chavaston. 

Item due ymagines beate marie de ebore quarum una maior 
& alia minor. Item quatuor pixides de ebore ad eukaristiam 
quarum tres sunt argento ornate et una de cupro. quatuor berolli 
ad ignem capiendum quorum unus magnus de dono Rogeri le 
Mareschall. Item octo anuli aurei cum lapidibus preciosis. 
Item sex firmacula aurea de dono. Regum Henrici. & Edwardi. 
cum lapidibus. Item una coronula aurea ett sunt in pixide sigillata. 
‘Item quoddam philatorium cristallinum argento ornatum cum 
reliquijs. Due mitre bone, sed deficiunt in una. vij. lapides 
et. v. perles. Et de alia mitra. j. Labell. Item octo alie mitre 
quarum quatuor breudate et alie quatuor simplices. Unum 
pomum de cupro superauratum ad calefaciendum manus. Una 
pixis breudata cum perles [sic] pro corpore Christi de dono 
Walteri de Longdon episcopi. Item. xxv. lapides cristallini 
modici yaloris. Et unus nodus argenteus. Et sunt sigillati in 
eadem ¢ pixide. § Concavus ponderis trium solidorum. Duo 
_ muscatoria satis apta in capsula. Item quatuor cuppe de argento 
quarum una deaurata cum diversis floribus sculpta et relique auro 
distincte.|| Item unum firmaculum aumollatum & deauratum cum 
lapidibus pro capa chori de dono magistri Ricardi de Vernoun. 
Ttem unus berillus cupro ligatus & deauratus. (Item unum 
firmaculum pro capa in tribus pecijs.) Item unum firmaculum de 
"puro auro & duo anuli aurei qui fuerunt oblati ut sint positi in 


é _ * et processionales,” inserted. 
+ omnia” inserted. + Altered to “ praedicta.” § ‘fet’ inserted. 
i || “item una pelvis argertea” inserted. 4 Erased. 


Jocalié 


Calices 

phiole 

& turri 
bula 


Ilo SACRISTS ROLL OF LICHFIELD CATHEDRAL. 


feretro sancti Cedde. per dominum thomam de Berkeleye & uxorem 
elus. et unum alium. sicut supranominata reposita in pixide. Et 
dicit modo Ricardus sacrista quod sunt in feretro sancti Ceadde, 
oportet a Johanne ejus przecessore super hoc inquirere veritatem. 
(This sentence in different ink.) 

Item unus calix lapidibus preciosis ornatus cum patena sua de 
puro auro cum duabus phiolis de puro auro. precij. iiij** librarum. 
de dono Walteri de Longdon episcopi. Item novem calices 
argenti et superaurati cum suis patenis. Et unus calix argenteus 
albus. Item unus bonus calix de argento superauratus ad altare 
beate virginis. Item unus calix cum patena de auro puro. Item 
unus calix parvus. ponderis. xiij. s. de collatione domini Alani de 
Tiddeswell qui datur magistro Phillippo de Turville pro meliori 
deaurato ponderis. xx. s. pro cantaria sua facienda ad altare 
sancti thome. Item. iiij* * turriblia nobilia argentea. quorum duo 
sunt deaurata cum suis cathenis argenteis. Item unum turriblium 
argenteum ad altare beate virginis. Cuius pes deficit. Item 
duo candelabra argentea de dono Regis. Henrici.| unum deficit 
unus pes. Item tres phiole de argento albo ad oleum et crisma. 
Item una navicula de argento ad thura cum cocliari. Item 
crismatorium parvum argenteum quod habet episcopus accomo- 
datum. Item tres phiole de cupro pro oleo et crismate. Item 
due parve pelves de cupro. Item. uij°’ candelabra de cupro parvi 
& modici valoris de quibus deficit unus pes. Item duo turribl’a 
cuprea debilia et fracta. { Item unus calix de dono Rogeri le 
Mareschall. pretij. xv. s. de quo presbiter Regis est oneratus in 
altari sancti Nicholai. Item unus calix de argento pro altari 
sancti Cedde de dono magistri Willielmi de Bosco. quondam 
Cancellarij. Item de dono magistri Ricardi de Vernoun unum 
turriblium argenteum deauratum cum cathenis deauratis. 

Item una capa preciosissima cum ymaginibus decorata de dono 
Walteri de Langedon episcopi cum. xiiij“" garniamentis videlicet 
quatuor de capis quatuor tunicis § duabus casulis de albo samito 


* «ey» inserted. + “adjuvante domino hujus (?) ” inserted. 
+: ‘‘competenter correctata”’ inserted over erasure of ‘‘ debilia et fracta.” 
§ “dominus episcopas habet duas earum,”’ inserted. 


Cg ae ee ee a ea 


SACRIST’S ROLL OF LICHFIELD CATHEDRAL. III 


auro pulverisatis. Item due frontinelle pro magno altari de 
_eadem secta. Item due frontinelle preciosissime cum imaginibus 
pro magno altari. quarum una est lata & alia magna stricta. 
Item una frontinella ceteris strictior que adjungitur uno pallo 
: pro magno altari. Et ista frontinella est excellenter preciosa quia 
est per totum margaritis nobilibus ornata cum Centum duobus 
_ botons de perlez* Et hec omnia de dono Walteri de Langedon 
episcopi. Item due cape pro commemoracione beate virginis nunc 
_ usitate de dono Rogeri de Meulond episcopi. Item quatuor 
_ cape chori pro pueris in festo Innocentium antique & debiles. 
Item una capa de panno de Turky extra & rubeo syndone intra 
_de dono domini Johannis de Leycestria quondam Canonici. 
(Et memorandum quod Episcopus habet duas tunicas albas de 
q prestito que fuerant de dono Walteri episcopi.)t Item decem 
cape rubee & plane minus sufficientes. Item octot cape de 
_baldekino sufficientes (quarum due date sunt Cannoce & 
Chebbesseye).§ Et quinque cape. diversi coloris quarum due 
_ inveterate & debiles.. Item una capa de rubeo samito breudata 
cum diversis ymaginibus de dono Rogeri de Meuland. (Item 
una capa rubea de serico de providentia Roberti de Dunchurch.)| 
Item una capa deaurata de dono thome Dadrebury de cuius 
firmaculo deficiunt duo’ lapides. Item alia capa rubea cum 
vestimento integro cum tunica & dalmatica eiusdem secte de 
dono Radulphi de Hengham. Item quinque cape de baldekino 
/parate. 
Item decem panni de baldekino. Item quinque panni de 
serico diversi coloris quorum duo debiles. Item unus baldekinus 
‘de dono Willielmi de Staunford. Item tres baldekini de dono 
Rogeri de Meuland Episcopi. "Item unus baldekinus de dono 
Walteri episcopi. Item unus baldekinus de dono Regis. Edwardi. 
‘Item unus baldekinus de dono Margarete Regine. Item unus 
dekinus de dono Magistri Phillippi Deverdoun. Item unus 
dekinus de dono Willielmi de la Cornere cum tapetis. Item 


* “unus deficit parte istius” inserted. + Erased. 
t+ Altered to ‘* sex.” § Erased. || Erased. 


Cape 


Panni 
et 
baldekini 


Casule 


I1I2 SACRIST’S ROLL OF LICHFIELD CATHEDRAL. 


duo panni de dono magistri thome de Cantilupo. videlicet una — 


frontinella (cum ymaginibus)* ad pendendum coram altari et alius 
strictus ad pendendum supra altare. Item. j. pannus albus de 
diaspero deputatus altari beate virginis. R. porteioie habet. 
Item unus pannus sericus de dono magistri Ade de Walton. 
Item unus baldekinus de providentia R. de Dunchurch. Item 
unus baldekinus de dono magistri Roberti de Rothewell. 
Item unus baldekinus deauratus de dono thebaldi de Verdoun. 
Item unus baldekinus de dono Rogeri de Northburgh episcopi. 
Item duo baldekini qui venerunt cum corpore W. Episcopi. 
quorum unus est in tribus pecijs & deficit multum.. Item una 
Curtina nobilis & magna de dono eiusdem. W. Item unus 
baldekinus de dono Regis. Edwardi. Et unus de dono Isabelle 
uxoris eius. Item due quissons pulcre. Item velum quadrage- 
simale valdet debile. Item veteres panni qui dicuntur Curtici 
videlicet. xix. Item unus pannus de Turky de dono Regis. 
Edwardi. de Carnarvan. Item unus pannus de serico cum auro 
besentatus. Item de dono. Regis. Edwardi. a conquestu tercij. 
unus baldekinus. (Et){ unum vestimentum integrum de dono 
magistri Willielmi de bosco quondam Cancellarij. Item unum 
tapete scaccatum de Reyns de dono Petri de Sparham. Item. j. 
tapete viridis coloris pro capitulo. Item duo baldekini de 
dono magistri Ricardi de Vernoun et unum sudarium de albo 
stragulatum. Item unum canapum de serico, Item unus 
pannus de serico pro anima domini Radulphi Basset. 

Item decem casule quarum sex sunt sufficientes de rubeo 
samito. de quibus due sunt preciose breudate et una de Indo 
samito & alia de viridi samito una cum scalopis et alia cum 
floribus. Item (sex)§ casule aliquantulum sufficientes. Item una 
casula de panno quem dederat Rex bonus Edwardus. quartus. 
Item sex casule mediocres. Item una casula de baldekino 
cum alba & amicia stola & phanone breudata cum diversis 
scutis de dono Johannis de Derby decani. Item una casula de 


* Tnterlined. + “ bonum et aliud ” inserted. 
+ Erased, and “ Item” inserted. § Altered to ‘‘ quinque.”’ 
quing 


SACRIST’S ROLL OF LICHFIELD CATHEDRAL. 113 


_Samito cum tunicis & dalmaticis de sindone glauco de dono 
Rogeri Mortivaux episcopi Sarum. Item una casula cum 
duabus tunicis de Indo samito de dono domini. Henrici. de 
Wodestoke quondam canonici hujus ecclesie. 

Item triginta (et una)* albe. quarum. xxiij. insufficientes de 
quibus. viij. de factura. W. sacriste. Item sex albe deputate 
ad pueros quarum tres minus (?) debiles. Item triginta duo 
amictus quarum (sic) decem cum paruris preciosis et alie insuffi- 
cientes. Item triginta (quinque)t stole quarum quedam nobiles 
et alie bone & tolerabiles de quibus una earum cum. xij. 
nodis argenteis. Item xxxv{ fanones sufficientes (et)§ iiij. sim- 
plices valde. quedam earum stolis similes et una earum cum 
.xij. nodis argenteis. De zonis quedam sunt preciose. Item 
unum vestimentum bonum de dono domine Alienore regine 
defuncte. Item unum vestimentum integrum cum tunica & 
dalmatica de Indo panno columbino de dono Rogeri de 
Meuland episcopi. Item xxx™ palle seu tuelle ad altare & 
una earum cum parur’ et due earum suspense. Item 
unum vestimentum integrum bonum de dono _ magistri 
Roberti de Rothewell. quondam archidiaconi Cestre. Item 
-yj-|| paria tunicularum. Item .xviij. Servicalia cooperta diversis 
pannis de serico. Item .xiiij. offertoria. Item unum par san- 
daliorum cum duobus paribus sotulariorum (sic). unum par 
sandaliorum cum sotular’ breudatis.. Item .viij. paria cor- 
poralium cum duabus capsulis quorum tria de dono Johannis 
de Derby quondam decani. Item duo paria corporalium cum 
una capsula nova. Item una capsula de armis Regis Almannie. 
Item .v. paria Cirotecarum episcopalium. Item (tria pectina 
eburnea)** quorum unus ineptus. Item unum vestimentum 
integrum cum tuell’ cuius casula de serico viridi de dono Rogeri 
le Mareschall. habet capellanus Regis. Item una tunica de 
-serico guttata rotundicijs. Item una casula cum una capa et 
‘duabus tunicis ac tribus albis amicijs duabus stolis et tribus 


* Erased. + Altered to “ quatuor.” ~ Altered to xxxiiij. 
§ Altered to ‘‘de quibus sunt.” || Altered to ‘‘ quinque.” 
| ‘‘ quee habet dominus episcopus” inserted. 
** Altered to ‘‘ tres pectines eburnei.” 


Vesti- 
menta 


Libri 


It4 SACRIST’S ROLL OF LICHFIELD CATHEDRAL. 


manipulis cum tribus zonis per dominum Robertum de Woodhouse 

archidiaconum Richemundie canonicum Lich’ de Turky. Item 

.j. par corporalium de dono domini Johannis de Melbourne. 
Item octo missalia quorum unum in custodia domini thome 


de Pipe et aliud carens epistolis & evangelijs. Item .j. pulc- 
rum missale preter evangelia & epistolas de dono Rogeri de 
Meuland episcopi. Item octo gradalia de diversis usibus 


quorum. ilij*’ cum tropar,.... et quatuor troparij per se. 
Item epistolare cum evangelijs in uno volumine. Item (unum 
breviarium magnum)* in duobus voluminibus. Item una biblia 
in duobus voluminibus. Item iiij.°° antiphonaria cathenis in 


choro ligata. Item .iiij. psalteria eodem modo ligata et unum 


extra chorum cum ympnario pessime ligatum. Item duo anti- 
phonaria extra chorum. Item duo collectaria quorum. j. cum 


manuali. et tercium vetus usus ignoti. Item duo libri qui 
vocantur Martilog’ quorum unus non ligatur. Item unus liber 
alleluiaticus & gradaliticus. Item unum ordinale ligatum in 


choro et unum ordinale nobile extra chorum. Item duo libri 
vetustissimi gui dicuntur libri beati Cedde. Item sex proces- 
sionales. Item .j. liber organicus de Cantilenis. Item 1ilj.°” 


quaterni quorum tres ligati in breviar’t continentes vitam 
quorundam sanctorum. Item tria pontificalia abbreviata.{ Item 
duo baculi pro decano & precentore. Item iiij.°* baculi pro 


rectoribus chori. Item unum manuale de dono executorum 


Nicholai de Pollesworth. Item unum missale de dono Johannis 


de Derby decani. Item unus liber de gestis Anglorum ligatus 


in choro. Item (tria)§ paria ferrorum, ad oblata.|| Item iiij.% 


sedilia de ferro. Item .vij. arche lignee in quibus ponuntur 


reliquie vestimenta & ornamenta. etc. et alia que dicitur equus. 
Item .j. armoriolum ad libros & calices cum diversis. fenestris. 


Item Candelabrum paschale in tribus pecijs. Item .j. armoriolum{] 


es ‘ 


“una legenda integra” inserted over erasure of ‘‘ unum breviarium 
magnum.” 
+ Altered to “legenda.” + ‘* unum non ligat,”’ inserted. 

§ Altered to ‘* quinque.” || ‘ & Wafras” inserted. 


“| Something like ‘‘.x. tercium ” inserted. 


a eS ae 


SACRIST’S ROLL OF LICHFIELD CATHEDRAL. T15 


pro capite sancti Cedde. cum una parva scista inclusa ferro 
ligata de dono executor’ Willielmi de Lenton quondam 
sacriste. Item de dono magistri Phillippi Turville ad altare 
beati thome pro missa sua cantanda unum missale et unum 
vestimentum integrum & duo manutergia. Prior et fratres 
sancti johannis habent. Iteim unum gradale de dono magistri 
Elie de Napton. Item .j. psalterium de dono Rogeri de 
- Meuland episcopi. Item unus liber alleluiaticus & gradaliticus. 


Item .j.* liber continens consuetudinarium ordinale & troparium. 
‘ Item epistolare novum. Item una corona cuprea deaurata pro 
oblac’ in festo Pentecostis. Item .j. crismatorium ligneum 
vetus. Item una cathedra lignea plicabilis. Item due campane 
_manuales. Item .j. psalterium pulcrum per magistrum Phillip- 
_ pum de Turville canonicum legatum. Item unum antiphonarium 


_ male ligatum per eundem legatum. Item .j. baldekinus de dono 
eiusdem & una capa nova cum pavonibus rubeis de dono 
_eiusdem. Item .j. par ferrorum pro oblatis de dono eiusdem. 
Item unus pannus qui vocatur Karpete. Item .j. psalterium 
bonum de dono domini Johannis de Polesworth. Item _.j. 
_ Offertorium.t Item .j. coopertorium pro corporali de dono 
eiusdem. Item una tabula de quercu pro feretro de dono 
eiusdem et est in custodia Johannis de Melbourne. Item unus 
berillus de dono eiusdem. Item .j. scrineum vacuum de dono 
eiusdem. Item unum missale et unum psalterium de dono 


Galfridi de Sculcon quondam sacriste hujus ecclesie. 

Item .xij. Kalend. Octobris anno domini millesimo. ccc* xlij. 
Executores magistri Radulphi de Holbeche liberaverunt in domo 
-eapitulari unum missale abbreviatum coopertum nigro coreo. 
‘unum corporale magnum cum capsa consuta de serico, {unum 
auricularium consutum de serico ut deserviant in magno altari. 
Item. j. capam de ruebo samito ut deserviat in eadem ecclesia. 
Item. j. capam de rubeo samito & due tunice de taffata palleata 
ex transverso, pro commemoracione beate marie & sancti Cedde 


“a4, anserted: 

_ + Over this word, and in the margin, are some very contracted memoranda 
which we do not at present understand. 

: + “Item” inserted. 


116 SACRIST’S ROLL OF LICHFIELD CATHEDRAL. 


de dono persone ignote. Item tres cape de albo samito pro 
commemoracione beate marie virginiss Item duo .. . 

Et memorandum quod ista superscripta que dicuntur in una 
pixide sigillata nunquam fuerunt neque a Johanne sacrista pre- - 
cessore ut dicit visa neque a Ricardo Mareschall successore suo. 
videlicet sex anuli aurei cum lapidibus preciosis. Quinque 
firmacula aurea de dono Regum. Henrici. et Edwardi. una 
coronula aurea. viginti quinque lapides cristallini. unus nodus 
argenteus. Et concavus ponderis trium solidorum. 

Memorandum quod ista subscripta sunt extra ecclesiam & 
pertinent ad ecclesiam. videlicet dominus Rogerus de North- 
burgh episcopus habet unum crismatorium argenteum parvum. 
Item unum missale in custodia domini thome de Pipe. Item 
.j. par sandaliorum cum sotular’. unus parvus baculus pas- 
toralis. una mitra nobilis que Rogerus de Meuland habuit de 
ecclesia tempore quo obiit & adhuc habet. Item Johannes de 
Asschemoresbroke habuit unum par ferrorum ad oblata & adhuc 
habet de tempore Willielmi sacriste ex mutuo per eundem. 
Item dominus Rogerus de Northburgh episcopus habet duas 
tunicas albas auro pulverizatas. Item unum pontificale abbre- 
viatum. Item liberata est apud Cankbury una casula cum 
duabus tunicis de serico et capa de baldekino die sancti Laurencij. 
anno domini. m? CCC? xxv. Item apud Thornton’ una casula de 
mediocribus preenumeratis. Item una capa de baldekino breu- 
data cum avibus Liberata apud ecclesiam de Chebbeseye per 
capitulum die veneris in septimana Pentecost anno domini. 
m° CCC? xxvj. quo die prefata fuerunt visa per capitulum.* 

Et memorandum quod in crastino Ascencionis domini per 
visum magistri Johannis de Lunderthorp & domini Johannis 
de Melbourn ex concensu & mandato capituli Sacrista liberavit 
pro ecclesia de Bauquell unam capam albam de Baudekino et 
unum tyniculum de panno aureo de dono magistri Willielmi 
Sekersteyn. Et unum alium tyniculum de albo serico. Item pro 


*“Ttem in die sancti Mathie apostoli anno domini m° ccc™° xlv liberate 
sunt domino Johanni de Melburn pro ecclesia de Chebusey una capa rubea 
de samito, una casula de baudekyn, & due tunicelle albe, & una alba cum 
stola et phanone & amictu.” This entry is made secunda manu. 


SACRIST’S ROLL OF LICHFIELD CATHEDRAL. It? 


ecclesia de Tiddeswell unam capam de bauldekino & unam 
casulam cum duobus tyniculis de viridi sindone et unam amiciam 
cum parura nobili. et unam stolam & unum fanonem sufficientem. 

Item unus pannus strictus viridis qui de serico per executores 
domini Willielmi de Leycestria. Item una pecia parva dimidie 
ulne panni aurei. Item duo aurifrigia longa. unum latitudinis 
trium digitorum et aliud latitudinis unius digiti. Item pecia una 
de Syndate cum alia porcione unius ulne de viridi. 

Et sciendum quod in ista indentura sunt plura scripta quae 
sunt debilia valde et usui inepta. et multa alia magni valoris que 
supradictus Ricardus nunc Sacrista nunquam vidit sicut aperte 
patet in Indentura Johannis precessoris sui. | 


On the back of the Roll : 

Memorandum de vestimentis et ceteris ornamentis inventis 
in Cista domini Walteri de Langedon episcopi die Jovis in 
crast.no translationis sancti thome martyris anno domini m?° 
ecc® xvij. videlicet. 

Unum superaltare de jasper nobile coopertum platis deauratis. 
Item. vij. novi panni de auro. Item. j. capa preciosa breudata 
cum ymaginibus. Item unum tuniculum (de) viridi samito pulveri- 
zato armis Regis Anglie. Item. j. capa de viridi samito breudata 
cum diversis ymaginibus. Item. j. casula et una capa cum 
duabus tuniculis de nigro velvett de auro besentato cum duobus 
‘frontinellis eiusdem secte. Item tres cape de nigro samito plano. 
Item quatuor cape quarum una cum....... . Et quatuor 
tuniculi cum una casula de albo. Item due _ frontinelle 
...... de albo panno et de rubeo. Item una alba cum 
duabus amicijs cum paruris breudatis cum ymaginibus cum 


te * ge. i a 


Bstola.......... cum duabus zonis de serico. Item una 
‘parva phiola cum oleo modico. Item due tuelle ad altare 
quarum una cum........ . Item octo lapides grossi in 


osacculo. (Item una phiola vitrea cum oleo usitato.*) Scri- 
tur in linea immediate precedente. 
Endorsed in a later hand : 

Rotulus Sacristie. 


rased for the reason given in the next clause. 


Relics 


118 SACRIST’S ROLL OF LICHFIELD CATHEDRAL. 


TRANSLATION. 

This Indenture bears witness of the goods found in the 
Sacristy concerning which Dan Richard Mareschall is held respon- 
sible by the venerable Master Richard (Fitz) Ralph,* Dean, 
Master John Deping,? Master John de Lundrethorp,? Master 
Alan de Conyngsburgh,‘ and Dan John de Melbourn,’ canons of 
the church of Lichfield, according to the copy of the indenture 
of John his predecessor, on Saturday, in the Vigil of the Holy 
Trinity, in the year of our Lord one thousand three hundred and 
forty-five (six).* 

In the first place the head of Blessed Chad in a certain painted 
wooden case. Also an arm of Blessed Chad. Also bagnes of the 
said Saint in a certain portable shrine. Also two silver shrines 
beyond the High Altar with the relics of divers saints. Also the 
great shrine of Saint Chad, of the value of two thousand pounds, 
the gift of Walter, Bishop.° Also ten coffers with the relics of 
divers saints sealed with divers seals. And part of the wood 
which the Lord planted and it is called Coket.7 Also some 
of the bones of S. Laurence. Some of Mount Calvary. 
Some of Golgotha. Some of the dust of S. Amphibalus.° A 
piece of the rock standing upon which Jesus wept bitterly 
and wept over Jerusalem.? Some of the bones of the Eleven 
Thousand Virgins Part of the sepulchre of the Blessed Virgin. 
Some (relics) of the Innocents. (A relic) of S. Wolfad.” Part of the 
finger and cowl of S. William. Part of the mitre of S. Anselm. 
Part of the cross and of the sepulcre of S. Andrew. Some sardine 
oil."(?) Some of the bones of S. Stephen. Some of the bones of 
S. Helen. Some of the bread of S. Godric.” Part of the hauber- 
geon of S. Godric. Some of the bones of S. James. Some of 
the blood and of the napkin of S. Gereon, Bishop of Cologne.* 
Some of the wood of the cross of S. Peter. Some of the bones 
of S. Barbara. Part of the sepulchre of our Lord. Part of the 
hair shirt of S. Cuthbert. Part of a garment of S. Saturninus.“ 


* Here and in several other places the word in parenthesis represents that 
which has been added secanda manu in the MS., as will be seen on referring 


to the Latin. 
. 


e 
¥ 


> Bh Bs 


ee SO en ae 


: 
Pe 
si 
: 
z 
é 
i 


SACRIST’S ROLL OF LICHFIELD CATHEDRAL. 119 


Part of the tomb of S. Laurence and of his gridiron. Part of the 

head of S. Blase."* Part of the arm of S. Symeon. 

Also one noble cross of pure gold with a noble foot of pure 
gold, of the value of two hundred pounds, the gift of Walter de 
Langedon, Bishop, everywhere ornamented with precious stones ; 

in which the image of the Crucified is fixed on one side, 
and over the other is impressed one small cross of the wood 
_ of our Lord’s cross, as is believed; upon the other side 
are fixed divers stones precious and of great value, namely, 
six rubies, five sapphires, fifteen larger emeralds (‘and one is 
wanting’), and one broken, beside smaller ones; sixteen 
large pearls, beside innumerable small ones. Also one great 
_ cross of silver-gilt, ornamented with stones and containing relics. 

Also three other crosses (‘of which one is newly broken as 
appears, and the apparatus is wanting. It is newly broken in 
part, and the Lord’s right hand’ . . . . ), ornamented 
with silver and gilt. Also one silver cross, with stones. Also 
a certain crystal portable cross, large and fair, with painted 
shaft to the same. Also a certain small wooden cross silver- 
plated, containing relics. Also three other processional crosses, 
ornamented with silver, of which two contain relics ; one of them 
is much the worse for wear, and another of them is broken. And 
two small portable (and processional) crosses, of which one is 
covered with silver plates, and the other copper gilt, the gift of 
Roger de Meuland.* Also two small crosses of silver. Also in 
place of a processional cross ornamented with silver, there is 
one of copper. Also two processional crosses with staves, 
ber Dan Stephen de Chavaston. 

Also, two images of ivory of the Blessed Mary, of which one is 
greater and the other less. Also four pyxes of ivory for the 
charist, three of which are ornamented with silver, and the 
Other is of copper. Four beryls’’ for obtaining fire, of which one 
urge one is the gift of Roger le Mareschall.* Also eight gold 
ngs, with precious stones. Also six gold morses,® the gifts of 
Kings Henry (III.) and Edward (I.), with stones. Also (one) 


sold coronet.” And they are (all) sealed in acoffer. Also acertain 
To 


: 


Crosses 


Jewels 


Chalice 

Phials 
and 

Thuri- 
bles 


120 SACRIST’S ROLL OF LICHFIELD CATHEDRAL. 


philatory* of crystal, ornamented with silver, containing relics. 
Two good mitres, but there are wanting in one seven stones and 
five pearls, and in the other a label. Also eight other mitres, 
of which four are embroidered, and the other four plain. One 
pome of copper gilt, for warming the hands.** One _ pyx, 
embroidered with pearls, for the Body of Christ, the gift of 
Walter de Langedon, Bishop. Also twenty-five crystal stones, of 
moderate value, and one silver knop, (and they are sealed in the 
same coffer) (and it is) hollow, of the weight of three shillings. 
‘Two pairs of snuffers,?? in fair condition, in a small box. Also 
four cups of silver, of which one is gilt, embossed with divers 
flowers, and the rest adorned with gold. (Also one silver basin.) 
Also one morse, enamelled and gilt, with stones, for a choir cope, 
the gift of Master Richard de Vernon.¥ Also one beryl, bound 
with copper, and gilt. Also one morse for a cope, in three pieces. 
Also one morse of pure gold and two gold rings, which were 
offered that they might be placed in the shrine of S. Chad, by 
Dan Thomas de Berkeley* and his wife, and one other (ring), 
as catalogued above, replaced in the coffer; and Richard, the 
sacrist, now says that they are in the shrine of S. Chad ; it is well — 
to enquire of John, his predecessor, as to the truth of this. 

Also one chalice, ornamented with precious stones, with its 
paten, of pure gold, with two phials of pure gold, of the value 
of eighty pounds, the gift of Walter de Langedon, Bishop. 
Also nine chalices of silver and gilt, with their patens. And one 
white silver chalice. Also one good chalice of silver gilt at 
the altar of the Blessed Virgin. Also one chalice, with paten, of 
pure gold. Also one small chalice, of the weight of eight 
shillings, the contribution of Dan Alan de Tideswell,** which is — 
given to Master Philip de Turville** for a better one gilt, weigh- 
ing twenty shillings, for his chantry to be founded at the altar of 
S. Thomas. Also four (five) noble silver thuribles, two of which 
are silver gilt, with their chains of silver. Also one silver thurible 
at the altar of the Blessed Virgin, lacking the foot. Also two 


* A doublet of the word ‘‘ phylactery.” 


j 


silver candlesticks, the gift of King Henry (his Lord helping 
him (?) ), one of which lacks one foot. Also three phials 


SACRIST’S ROLL OF LICHFIELD CATHEDRAL. 121 


of white silver for oil and chrism. Also one ship of silver 
for incense, with a spoon. Also a small silver chrismatory, 
which the Bishop has on loan. Also three phials of copper 
for oil and chrism. Also two small basins of copper.” Also 
four candlesticks of copper, small and of moderate value, one 
_ of which lacks the foot. Also two copper thuribles, worn and 
broken (well mended). Also one chalice, the gift of Roger le 
Mareschall, of the value of 15s., for which the King’s priest at 
the altar of S. Nicholas is responsible. Also one chalice of 
silver for the altar of S. Chad, the gift of Master William de 
Bosco,” formerly Chancellor. Also one silver-gilt thurible, 
with gilt chains, the gift of Master Richard de Vernon. 
Also one most precious cope, decorated with figures, the 
gift of Walter de Langedon, Bishop, with fourteen sets, 
namely, four copes, four tunicles, two chasubles, of white samite” 
powdered with gold; Also two frontals for the High Altar of the 
same set; Also two most valuable frontals, with figures, for the 
High Altar, of which one is wide, and the other large, (but) narrow. 
Also one frontal, narrower than the others, which is joined with a 
pall, for the High Altar. And that frontal is exceedingly precious, 
because it is wholly adorned with noble pearls, with two hundred 
buttons of pearls (one is wanting in part of it). And all these 
are the gift of Walter de Langedon, Bishop. Also two copes 
(now) used for the commemoration of the Blessed Virgin, the 
gift of Roger de Meuland, Bishop. Also four choir copes for 
boys on the feast of Innocents, old and worn. Also one cope 
of Turkey cloth without," and of red syndon® within, the gift 
of Dan John de. Leicester, formerly canon. 
And it is to be remembered that the Bishop has two white 
tunics by gift, which were the gift of Walter, Bishop. Also 
ten red copes, evidently not fit for use. Also eight (six) copes of 
‘baldekin* fairly good, two of which have been given to Cannock 
and Chebsey.* And five copes of a different colour, two of which 
are old and worn. Also one cope of red samite, embroidered 


Copes 


Cloths 
and 
Palls 


122 SACRIST’S ROLL OF LICHFIELD CATHEDRAL, 


with divers figures, the gift of Roger de Meuland. Also one cope 
of red silk, provided by Robert de Dunchurch.* Also one golden 
cope, the gift of Thomas Dadrebury,?” the morse of which lacks 
two stones. Also another red cope with a complete vestment, 
with tunicle and dalmatic of the same suit, the gift of Ralph de 
Hengham.* Also five copes made of baldekin. 

Also ten cloths of baldekin. Also five cloths of silk of a 
different colour, two of which are worn. Also one pall,® the gift 
of William de Stanford. Also three palls, the gift of Roger de 
Meuland, Bishop. Also one pall, the gift of Walter, Bishop. Also 
one pall, the gift of King Edward. Also one pall, the gift of 
Queen Margaret. Also one pall, the gift of Master Philip De 
Everdon.** Also one pall, the gift of William de la Cornere,” with 
carpets. Also two cloths, the gift of Thomas de Cantilupe,# 
the one a frontal with figures for hanging before the altar, and the 
other narrow for hanging over the altar. Also one white cloth of 
diasper* assigned to the altar of the Blessed Virgin. R. 
Porteioie has it. Also one silk cloth, the gift of Master Adam 
de Walton.4s Also one pall provided by R. de Dunchurch. 
Also one pall, the gift of Master Robert de Rothwell.*° Also one 
golden pall, the gift of Theobald de Verdon.*” Also one pall, the 
gift of Roger de Norbury, Bishop. Also two palls which came 
with the body of W., Bishop ; one of which is in three pieces, 
and is very deficient. Also one noble and large curtain, the gift 
of the same W. Also one pall, the gift of King Edward. 
And one the gift of Isabel his wife. Also two fair cushions. 
Also a Lenten veil, very (good, and another) worn. Also some 
old cloths which are called “ Curtici,” nineteen in number. Also 
one Turkey cloth, the gift of King Edward of Carnarvon. Also 
one silk cloth bezanted with gold.. Also one pall, the gift of 
Edward III. And one complete vestment, the gift of Master 
William de Bosco, formerly Chancellor. Also one checked* 
carpet of Rennes, the gift of Peter de Sparham.# Also one carpet 
of green colour for the chapter-house. Also two palls, the gift of _ 
Master Richard de Vernon, and one towel of white, ‘stragulatus’®. 
Also one cord of silk.s* Also one cloth of silk (given) for the 
soul of Dan Ralph Basset.* 


4 


4 


SACRIST'’S ROLL OF LICHFIELD CATHEDRAL. 123 


Also ten chasubles, of which six of red samite are fairly good, 
of which two are richly embroidered, one of dark blue samite, 
and the other of green samite, the one with escallops and the 
other with flowers. Also six (five) chasubles, tolerably good. Also 
one chasuble of cloth, which good King Edward the Fourth** 
had given. Also six ordinary chasubles. Also one chasuble of 
baldekin, with the albe, amice, stole, and fanon embroidered 
with divers shields, the gift of John de Derby, dean. Also one 
chasuble of samite, with tunicles and dalmatics of light-blue 
sindon, the gift of Roger Mortivaux, Bishop of Salisbury.™ 
Also one chasuble with two tunicles of dark blue samite, the 
gift of Dan Henry de Woodstock,** formerly canon of this church. 

Also one and thirty albes, of which twenty-three are unsuitable, 
eight of them of the making of W. the Sacrist. Also six albes 
assigned to boys, of which three are somewhat (?) worn. Also 
thirty-two amices, of which ten have valuable apparels, and the 
others are unsuitable. Also thirty-five (four) stoles, some are 
noble and others good and tolerable, one of which has twelve 
knops of silver. Also thirty-five (xxxilij) sufficient fanons, and 
four (altered to ‘of which four are’) very simple ones, some 
correspond to their stoles, and one of these has twelve silver 
knops. Of the girdles some are valuable. Also one good vest- 
ment, the gift of the Lady Eleanor, the deceased Queen. Also 
one vestment complete, with tunicle and dalmatic of dark blue dove- 
coloured cloth, the gift of Roger de Meuland, Bishop. Also thirty 
palls or towels for the altar, and one of them with apparels, and 
two of them are (now) hung.§* Also one good vestment complete, 
the gift of Master Robert de Rothwell, formerly Archdeacon of 
Chester. Also six (five) pairs of tunicles. Also eighteen pillows,’ 


covered with divers cloths of silk. Also fourteen offertory veils. 


Also one pair of sandals with two pairs of shoes. One pair of 
sandals with shoes, embroidered (which the Lord Bishop has). 
Also eight pairs of corporals, with two cases, three of which are 


the gift of John de Derby, formerly dean. Also two pairs of 


corporals with one new case. Also one case with the arms of 


_ the King of Germany. Also five pairs of episcopal gloves. 


Cha- 
subles 


Vest- 
ments 


Books 


124 SACRIST’S ROLL OF LICHFIELD CATHEDRAL. 


Also three ivory combs, of which one is useless. Also one vest- 
ment complete, together with napkins, the chasuble of which is of 
green silk, the gift of Roger le Mareschall; the King’s Chap- 
lain has it. Also one tunicle of silk spotted with roundels. 
Also one chasuble with one cope, and two tunicles and three 
albs with amices, and two stoles and three fanons, together with 
three girdles, fer Dan Robert de Woodhouse, Archdeacon 
of Richmond and Canon of Lichfield, (all) of Turkey cloth. 
Also one pair of corporals, the gift of Dan John de Melbourn. 

Also eight Missals,° of which one is in the custody of Dan 
Thomas de Pipe,” and another lacks the epistles and gospels. 
Also one fair Missal, save the gospels and epistles, of the gift of 
Roger de Meuland, Bishop. Also eight Graduals of different 
uses, of which four are with the Tropars, and four Tropars 
alone. Also an Epistolar with the gospels in one volume. 
Also one large Breviary (one complete legend) in two volumes. 
Also one Bible in two volumes.* Also four Antiphonars (with) 
chains in choir, bound. Also four Psalters, bound in the same 
way, and one is outside the choir with a hymnary, very 
badly bound. Also two Antiphonars outside the choir. 
Also two Collectars, of which one is with a Manual, and 
the third ancient, of an unknown use. Also two books which 
are called Martilogia,# one of which is not bound. Also 
one book of the Alleluias and graduals. Also one Ordinal 
in the choir, bound, and one noble Ordinal outside the choir. Also 
two most ancient books which are called the books of Blessed 
Chad. Also six Processionals. Also an organ book ot 
the Hymn tunes. Also four quires, of which three are 
bound up in breviaries (altered to “legend ;” see just above), 
containing the life of certain saints. Also three abbreviated 
Pontificals (one not bound). Also two staves for the dean 
and precentor. Also four staves for the rulers of the 
choir. Also one Manual, the gift of the executors of Nicholas 
de Polesworth.* Also one Missal, the gift of John de Derby, 
dean. Also one book of the Acts of the English, bound, in the 
choir. Also three (five) pairs of irons for the obleys® and wafers. 


SACRIST’S ROLL OF LICHFIELD CATHEDRAL. 125 


Also four seats of iron.” Also seven wooden chests in which are 
placed relics, vestments and ornaments, etc., and another chest 
which is called “the horse.” Also one almery for books and 
chalices with divers openings. Also the Paschal candlestick® in 
three pieces. Also one case for the head of S. Chad, together 
with a small coffer inclosed in it bound with iron, the gift 
of the executors of William de Lenton,” formerly sacrist. 
Also one Missal and one complete vestment and two towels, 
the gift of Philip Turville, for his Mass to be sung 
at the altar of Blessed Thomas. The Prior and brethren 
of S. John have (them). Aso one Gradual, the gift of 
Master Elias de Napton.* Also one Psalter, the gift of 
Roger de Meuland, Bishop. Also one book of the Alleluias 
and graduals. Also one book containing the Consuetudinary, 
the Ordinal and the Troper. Also a new Epistolar. Also 
one corona of copper-gilt for oblation on the feast of Pentecost.” 
Also one ancient wooden chrismatory. Also one folding seat of 
wood. Also two hand bells. Also one fair Psalter, bequeathed 
by Master Phillip de Turville, canon. Also one Antiphonar, 
badly bound, bequeathed by the same. Also one pall, the gift 
of the same, and one new cope with red peacocks, the gift 
of the same. Also one pair of irons, for the oblates, the gift 
of the same. Also one cloth which is called ‘“ Karpete.’ 
Also one good Psalter, the gift of Dan John de Polesworth” 
Also one offertory veil. Also one cover for the corporal, the gift 
of the same. Also one table of oak for a bier,” the gift of 
the same, and it is in the custody of John de Melbourne. 
Also one beryl, the gift of the same. Also one empty coffer, 
the gift of the same. Also one Missal and one Psalter, the 
gift of Geoffrey de Sculcon, formerly sacrist of this church. 

Also on the r2th Kalends of October, in the year of our 
Lord, one thousand three hundred and forty two, the Executors 
of Master Ralph de Holbeche,’ delivered in the chapter house 
_ one abbreviated Missal covered with black leather; one large 
_ corporal with a sewn case of silk, also one sewn cushion of 
_ silk,’ for the purposes of the high altar. Also one cope of 


126 SACRIST’S ROLL OF LICHFIELD CATHEDRAL. 


red samite to serve in the same church. Also one cope of red 
samite and two tunicles of taffeta, striped across,” for the 
commemoration of the Blessed Mary and S. Chad, the gift 
of an unknown person. Also three copes of white samite for 
the commemoration of Blessed Mary the Virgin. Also two 
(illegible). 

And be it remembered that those things above written, which 
are said to be sealed up in a box, were never seen, neither by 
John the sacrist, my predecessor, as he says, nor by Richard 
Mareschall, his successor—namely, six gold rings, with precious 
stones ; five gold morses, the gift of Kings Henry and Edward ; 
one little crown of gold; twenty-five crystal stones; one knop 
of silver. And it is hollow, of the weight of three shillings. 

Be it remembered that those things written below are outside 
the church and pertain to the church—namely, Dan Roger de 
Northburg,” Bishop, has one small silver chrismatory. Also one 
missal in the custody of Dan Thomas de Pipe. Also one pair of 
sandals, with shoes. One small pastoral staff. One noble mitre, 
which Roger de Meuland had of the church at the time of his 
death, and still has.” Also John de Asschemoresbroke® had one 
pair of irons for the obleys, and still has them, from the time of 
William the sacrist, on loan. Also Dan Roger de Northburgh, 
Bishop, has two white tunicles, powdered with gold. Also one 
abbreviated Pontifical. Also there was delivered at Cankbury one 
chasuble with two silk tunicles and a cope of baldekin, on the day 
of S. Laurence, in the year of our Lord one thousand three hundred 
and twenty-five. Also at Thornton one chasuble, of those 
middling ones counted above. Also one cope of baldekin, 
embroidered with birds, delivered at the church of Chebsey by 


the Chapter, on Wednesday in Whitsun week, in the year of 


our Lord one thousand three hundred and twenty-six, on which 
day the aforesaid things were seen by the Chapter. Also on the 
day of S. Matthew the Apostle, a.p., 1345, were delivered to 
Dan John de Melburn for the Church of Chebsey, one red cope 
of samite, one chasuble of baudekin, two white tunicles, and one 
albe with stole, fanon, and amice. ; 


Sere 


SACRIST’S ROLL OF LICHFIELD CATHEDRAL. 127 


And be it remembered that on the morrow of the Ascension 
of our Lord, after being seen by Master John de Lynderthorp 
and Dan John de Melbourn, with the consent and at the 
mandate of the Chapter, the Sacrist delivered at the church of 
Bakewell one white cope of baldekin and one tunicle of cloth 
of gold, the gift of Master William Sekersteyn, and one other 
tunicle of white silk. Also, for the church of Tideswell, one 
cope of baldekin and one chasuble, with two tunicles of green 
sindon, and one amice with a noble apparel; and one stole and 
one good enough fanon. 

Also one narrow green cloth, which is of silk, through the 
executors of Dan William de Leicester." Also one small 
piece, of half an ell, of cloth of gold. Also two long orphreys, 
one of the breadth of three fingers, and the other of the breadth 
of one finger. Also one piece of Syndate, with another portion of 
one ell, of green colour. 

And be it known that in this indenture there are many things 
recorded which are much worn and unfit for use. And many 
other things of great value which the abovesaid Richard, now 
Sacrist, never saw, as plainly appears from the Indenture of 
John, his predecessor. 

Be it remembered concerning the vestments and other 
ornaments found in the chest of Dan Walter de Langedon, 
Bishop, on Thursday, on the morrow of the Translation of S. 
Thomas the Martyr, inthe year of our Lord one thousand three 
hundred and seventeen—namely, one noble superaltar of jasper, 
covered with gilt plates. Also seven new cloths of gold. 
Also one valuable cope, embroidered with figures. Also one 
tunicle of green samite, powdered with the arms of the King of 
England. Also one cope of green samite, embroidered with 
various figures. Also one chasuble and one cope, with two 
~ tunicles of black velvet, bezanted with gold, with two frontals of 
the same set. Also three copes of plain black samite. Also 
four copes, of which one with . . . . and four tunicles, 
_ with one chasuble of white. Also two frontals . . . . of 
white and of red cloth. Also one albe, with two amices, with 


128 SACRIST’S ROLL OF LICHFIELD CATHEDRAL. 


apparels embroidered with figures, with a stole . . . . with 
two girdles of silk. Also one small cruet with a little oil. 
Also two towels for the altar, of which one with . . .. . 
Also eight great stones in one little bag. Also one glass cruet 
with the accustomed oil. (This clause erased, and a note added, 
“Tt is written in the line immediately preceding.’’) 


Endorsed, 


Sacrist’s Roll. 


NOTES. 


1, Richard Fitz-Ralph was appointed Archdeacon of Chester in 1336, and 
Dean of Lichfield in 1337. He held the deanery till 1347, when he was 
consecrated Archbishop of Armagh. 

9. John de Deping was Chancellor of the Cathedral 1328-9, and Vicar- 
General, or Chancellor of the Diocese 1329-1336. He held the prebends of 
Dernford 1331-2, of Gaia Minor 1332-54, and of Curborough 1354-63. 

3. John de Lunderthorp held the prebend of Curborough 1342-54. 

4, Alan de Conyngsburgh held the prebend of Ruiton 1340-62. 

5, John de Melbourn held the prebend of Offley 1332-52. 

§, From this inventory it seems clear that the relics of S. Chad were divided 
into four portions :—(@) The head, which was enclosed in two other inner 
cases, as detailed lower down, besides the wooden one here mentioned, 
There are very strong reasons for supposing that the head of the saint was 
kept in the chapel over the sacristy in the south choir aisle; and there was 
the altar to the head of S. Chad, which was distinct from the chief altar 
dedicated to his memory. But space does not permit to argue this question 
at the present time. (4) One of the arms in a separate case or shrine, which 
would be taken out to be kissed by pilgrims on S. Chad’s day. (c) A portable 
shrine, containing some portions of his bones, which was occasionally carried 
even to remote parts of the diocese on special occasions. (d@) The large per- 
manent shrine at the back of the High Altar, containing the rest of his relics. 
and upon which shrines 4 and ¢ probably rested. This glorious shrine was 
encased in plates of gold enriched with valuable gems. Dugdale started the 
error of putting the value of this shrine at the preposterous sum of £200,000, 
an error followed by every subsequent writer on Lichfield. The value of 
£2,000 represents a sufficiently enormous total, when we recollect that the 
sum has to be multiplied by at least 20 to give any idea of its worth according 
to the present purchasing power of money. 

A considerable portion of the relics of S. Chad were rescued at the time 


_ 


SACRIST’S ROLL OF LICHFIELD CATHEDRAL. 129 


his shrine was despoiled, by Arthur Dudley, Prebendary of Colwich 1531-77. 
After various extraordinary vicissitudes, and numerous translations, some of 
these relics, attested in a most complete manner, have found a resting-place 
with the Roman Catholics of S. Chad’s, Birmingham. See Records of the 
English Province S. J., 3rd and 8th Series; also an interesting summary 
by Rt. Rev. Bishop Abraham, in the Ist vol. of this Society’s publications. 
May we not pray that these oft-moved bones of the pious Bishop may eventually 
be once more translated to Lichfield ? 

7. This perhaps refers to the Palma Christi, or Gourd of Jonah. 
Herodotus tells us that the Egyptians called it A7v#z, and in several languages 
it has a name possibly akin to ‘‘Coket.” The plant is allied to the cocoa 
tree. Old Testament relics were of most exceptional occurrence. 

8. S. Amphibalus was in all probability, a mythical personage. The 
name arose out of the later writers thinking Amphibalus, the cloak of S. Alban, 
wasa man. (See Bright’s Early English Church History, p. 6.) Accor- 
ding to the legendary accounts of him, he was put to death three days after S. 
Alban, viz., on June 25th at Redburn, Herts. A church was built over his 
supposed relics at that village, but they were translated to the Abbey of S. 
Alban in 1186. It is said that he instructed British Christians at Lichfield, 
and that it was a party of his converts who were slaughtered by Diocletian’s 
minions at Chréstian Field, within the precincts of the city. Hence both 
the name and arms of the city. 

9, The rocky eminence on Mount Olivet, some three hundred yards above 

the Garden of Gethsemane, where our Lord wept over Jerusalem (S. Luke 
xiv. 41), is still identified by tradition, In the early Middle Ages, a church 
stood over this site, which was called Dominus Flevit. 
10. Wulfhad, the son of Wulfhere, King of Mercia, accidentally finding the 
cell of S. Chad at Stowe when out hunting, was converted by the saint to the 
true faith. Like S. Andrew, he brought his brother Rufin to the man of 
God, and he also was baptized. The brothers were both shortly afterwards 
murdered at the cell of S. Chad hy a pagan relative, c. 658. Hence they 
were honoured as martyred saints, and were commemorated on the day of 
their death, viz., July 24th. It was fitting that a relic of this saint should be 
preserved in the cathedral dedicated to his Father in God. The hagiologists, 
in treating of S. Wulfhad, have erroneously printed his death-place as Stone 
instead of Stoue or Stowe. 

11. We are unable to explain this term. 

12. S. Godric of Finchale, Durham, was a celebrated hermit, of wonderfully 
austere life. Amongst other severities, he is said to have mixed the grain that 
__he grew with ashes before converting it into bread. His usual dress was a 
hair shirt and haubergeon. His life is told in a most interesting way by 
_ Reginald of Durham (Surtees Society, Vol. 20). He diedin 1179. His shrine 
stood in the south transept of Finchale Priory Church, 


130 SACRIST'S ROLL OF LICHFIELD CATHEDRAL. 


13. According to tradition, S. Gereon, and a large company of fellow- 
Christians, suffered, with much cruelty, for the faith at Cologne, about the 
year 286. When the church of Xanten was being enlarged, in 1284, their 
supposed relics were uncovered, and many of them were soon dispersed 
throughout Christendom, but the great bulk of them are still to be seen in the 
Church of S. Gereon, at Cologne. 

14, The MS. has ‘‘Sath” or ‘*Sach,” with a contraction. We can only 
conjecture that it is intended for Sathurninus or Saturninus. There were two 
saints of this name, both martyrs; one a Bishop of Toulouse, 257; the other 
an African Christian, 304. 

15. One of the most important chantries in the cathedral was dedicated to 
S. Blase. It was re-founded by Dean Heywood on an enlarged scale in the 
fifteenth century. 

16, Roger de Meyland (or Meuland), a/ias Longespee, was Bishop of 
Lichfield 1257-1295. 

17. The beryl is a light-green semi-precious stone with which they struck a 
light for the Holy Fire on Holy Saturday or Easter Eve. “In Sabbato 
Sancto Paschz ignis de berillo vel de silice exceptus,” etc. York Missal. 
(In Sabb. Sancto.) 

18, Roger le Mareschall held the prebend of Dernford 1318-1328. 

19, The morse (firmaculum) is the clasp or brooch with which the cope is 
fastened across the breast. 

90, These would be either small crowns for images, or else for hanging over 
the Blessed Sacrament. 

91, The Pome is a ball of metal, filled with hot water, and is used by the 
priest in cold weather to prevent numbness of the hands at the altar. 

99. Muscatoria are either (1) Snuffers, Amanctoria candelarum—{ Ducange 
cites Liber Ordinis S. Victori Parisiensis where the Refectorarius had to clean 
the Muscatoria, etc. ; or (2) Fans ; vide Inventory of S. Faith’s Church in the 
crypt of old St. Paul’s, 1298. Unum muscatorium de pennis pavonum. 

93. Richard de Vernon was Prebendary of Tervin, 1327-1350. 

94. Thomas de Berkeley, of the celebrated family of Berkeley, of Berkeley 
Castle, Gloucestershire, was distinguished for his continuous military services 
to Edward I., and Edward II. He was also a great benefactor to the Church, 
especially at Gloucester and Bristol. He died in 1340, and was buried at the 
Abbey of S. Augustin, near Bristol. His third son, James, was Bishop of 
Exeter. 

95. Alan was the name ofa vicar of Tideswell in the second half of the 
thirteenth century. 

96. Phillip de Turville held in succession the prebends of Curborough, 
Colwick, and Wellington. In 1313 he was Vicar-General of the Diocese. In 
1332 he founded a valuable charity in the Church of Bedworth, Warwickshire, 


SACRIST’S ROLL OF LICHFIELD CATHEDRAL. 131 


of which he was rector. It would appear from this entry that Phillip de 
Turville was also the founder of a charity in the cathedral at the Altar of S. 
Thomas ; but this must have been in conjunction with Canon John Kinnarsley, 
who is elsewhere spoken of as the founder of this charity, in the year 1332. 

27. Basins used for the ‘‘lavabo,” or ceremonial washing of the hands 
at Mass. They generally occur in pairs. 

28. William de Bosco was Chancellor of the Cathedral from November 26th, 
1310, up to his death in March, 1328. 

29. Samite was a thick glossy silk or satin. 

30. On Holy Innocents’ Day there used to be religious processions of the 
children, both within and without the churches, as of the Deacons on St. 
Stephen’s Day, and of the Priests on St. John’s Day. 

31. Cloth of Turkey was an embroidered material, imported from the East, 
chiefly for church purposes. 

$2. Syndon was a special kind of linen of a cottony texture. 

33. John de Leicester held the prebend of Oloughton, in the year 1340. 

34. Baldekyn, or Baudekyn, was the most valuable of all ecclesiastical 
fabrics, a kind of heavy silken brocade, often interwoven with threads of gold 
or silver. The word is used in this and other old inventories in two senses— 
_ Firstly, for the stuff itself; and, secondly, from hangings for dossals, choir 
stalls, etc., being usually of this material, for any kind of hanging or canopy. 

35. The following churches were appropriated at this time to the Dean and 
_ Chapter (in addition to numerous pensions and moieties from others) :—Arley, 
Cannock, Rugeley, Harbourn, Chebsey, and Dilhorn, Staffordshire ; Worfield, 
Shropshire ; Edgbaston, Warwickshire ; Thornton, Lincolnshire ; and 
Kniveton, Bakewell, Hope, Tideswell, and Chapel-en-le-Frith, Derbyshire. 

36. Dunchurch was a Warwickshire Rectory, out of which a pension of £10 
was paid to the Dean and Chapter. 

87. Thomas Dadrebury, or rather De Adderbury, was Prebendary of 
Wellington, afterwards Precentor of the Cathedral, from 1303 to 1307. 

38. Ralph de Hengham, of a Norfolk family, was a Justice of Assize, and a 
Justice of the Common Pleas. The first entry we have met with relative to 
this judge (in the Patent Rolls, etc.) is in 1270, when he was adjudicating at 
_ Stafford ; in 1272, he was at Lichfield ; and the last mention of him that we 
have seen is in 1309, when he was hearing various cases affecting ecclesiastical 
property, at Newcastle-under-Lyme. 

39. The word “da/dekinus” was also used to signify a pall. There were five 
kinds of palls. (1) Palls for covering the bier and coffin at funerals. (2) Palls 
for extending over tombs. (3) Ornamental palls, used as hangings in choirs 
on festivals. (4) Linen cloths to cover the altar. (5) Palls sent by the Pope 
to the Archbishops. Examples of the first four kinds will be found in this 
inventory. The word “ baldekin,” however, only applies to I, 2, and 3. 


132 SACRIST’S ROLL OF LICHFIELD CATHEDRAL. 


40. One William de Stanford was appointed by Edward III. collector of 
the customs on wool at the port of London. 

41. Phillip Deverdon or de Everdon was Prebendary of Wellington 1298- 
1304. 

49. William de la Cornere was Bisbop of Salisbury, 1289-1292, and was 
previously a Prebendary of Lichfield. 

43. Thomas de Cantilupe was appointed Archdeacon of Stafford in 1265. 
In 1275 he was consecrated Bishop of Hereford. He died in Italy on August 
25th, 1282, and his body was brought back for interment in his own cathedral. 
He was a scion of the noble house of Cantilupe, of Ilkeston, in Derbyshire. 
Thomas de Cantilupe was the second son of Baron William de Cantilupe, 
seneschal of Henry III. He was a great pluralist, being at the same time 
Precentor and Canon of York, Archdeacon of Stafford, and Canon of Lichfield, 
Canon of Hereford, and held also eight parochial benefices. But he was 
famed for his great generosity and kindness to the poor, and was canonised in 
1320 ; his feast being kept on October 2nd. Baring-Gould’s sketch of his life 
is unworthy of the writer, and unfair to the saint. 

44. Diasper was a precious sort of rich stuff. From it is derived the 
word ‘‘diaper,” as applied to all variegated patterns on walls, ceilings, 
grounds, etc. 

45. Adam de Walton was Vicar-General of the Diocese, 1276-1290, and 
Precentor of the Cathedral, 1292-1303. 

46. Robert de Rothwell (spelt by error Radeswell in Harwood’s Lichfield), 
was Archdeacon of Chester, from 1289 up to his death on June 13th, 1314. 

47. Theobald de Verdon, who died in 1317, was a large landed proprietor. 
He not only possessed extensive estates in Staffordshire, but also various 
manors in Shropshire, Warwickshire, Leicestershire, Oxfordshire, Bucks., 
Wilts., Hereford, and Wales. JZng, post mort. 10 Edward II., No. 71. He 
was the second husband of Lady Elizabeth de Clare, foundress of Clare Hall, 
Cambridge, 

48. That is, Bishop Walter de Langton, who died in London, in 1321, but 
his body was brought to his own cathedral for interment. 

48a. Scaccatum, checked. Scaccarium, the Exchequer, is so called from the 
chequered cloth or board on which they calculated with counters. [Ludus 
scaccorum— Chess. | 

49. Sparham is a small village in Norfolk, near to Reepham. We have 
found mention made of one Peter de Sparham, in a family dispute, about 
somé land near Swaffham, in the year 1321. (Patent Rolls). 

50. Stragulatus—Diverso colore variegatus, dégurré. (D’ Arnis). 

51. Canapum, query a cord. Originally of hemp (cannabis or cannabum), 
Was this the cord for the Lenten veil? 

52. This would not be the celebrated Ralph Basset, the last Lord of 


ae eet ae ae 


SACRIST’S ROLL OF LICHFIELD CATHEDRAL. 133 


Drayton, who had a majestic tomb to the south of S. Chad’s shrine, for he 
died in 1389, but it would be one or other of his ancestors ; the six immediate 
predecessors of the last lord were all named Ralph. 

52a, ‘‘It is necessary to observe that Edward the First is sometimes called 
Edward the Fourth, the three Saxon monarchs who bore the name of Edward 
being reckoned.” See Nicholas’s Chronology of History, pp. 313, 314, where 
examples are quoted. 

§3. John de Derby was appointed Dean of Lichfield, in 1280, and held 
office until his death, October 12th, 1319. 

54. Roger Mortivaux (or Mortival), held the prebend of Flixton, in this 
cathedral, from 1306 to 1315. In the latter year he was consecrated Bishop 
of Salisbury, where he died on March 14th, 1329. 

55. Henry de Woodstock is described in the Roll as Canon, but ve are 
unable to find what Prebend he held. 

56. Palle seu tuelle ad altare are the linen cloths for the top of the altar. 
The farura was an apparel or lace sewn on to the long edge of the linen 
cloth, and would now be called a superfrontal. The two szsfense seems to 
imply that two of these numerous linen cloths were then in use on properly 
vested altars, whilst the remainder were in the sacristy. 

57. Servicalia, t.e., Cervicalia, pillows. 

58. The offrtortum was a silk (originally linen) napkin or veil, in which 
the deacon wrapped the chalice when offered by him to the priest. 

59. Robert de Woodhouse, Archdeacon of Richmond, held the prebend of 
Colwick from 1331 to 1338; he founded achantry at that church. 

60. No better explanation of the medieval service books of the Church of 
England can be given, than in the following note, which was kindly written 
for a work ‘‘Chronicles of the Collegiate Church of All Saints’, Derby.” 
(Bemrose aud Sons, Derby, 1881,) by the authors of this paper, by Henry 
Bradshaw, Esq., Librarian of the University Library, Cambridge. Though 
not written to illustrate this inventory, it will be found to cover every 
reference to the different service books above enumerated. 

In the old Church of England, the Services were either— 

(1) For the different hours (Mattins, Lauds, Prime, Terce, Sext, None, 
Vespers, and Compline), said in the Choir. 

(2) For Processions, in the Church or Churchyard. 

(3) For the Mass, said at the Altar, or 

(4) For occasions, such as Marriage, Visitation of the Sick, Burial, etc., 
said as occasion required. 

Of these four all have their counterparts, more or less, in the English 
Service of modern times, as follows : 

(1) The Hour-Services, of which the principal were Mattins and Vespers, 
correspond to our Morning and Evening Prayer. 


134 SACRIST’S ROLL OF LICHFIELD CATHEDRAL. 


(2) The Procession Services correspond to our Hymns or Anthems sung 
before the Litany which precedes the Communion Service in the morning, 
and after the third Collect in the evening, only no longer sung in the course 
of procession to the Churchyard Cross or a subordinate Altar in the Church ; 
the only relic (in common use) of the actual Procession being that used on 
such occasions as the Consecration of a Church, etc. 

(3) The Mass answers to our Communion Service. 

(4) The Occasional Services are either those used by a Priest, such as 
Baptism, Marriage, Visitation and Communion of the Sick, Burial of the 
Dead, etc., or those reserved for a Bishop, as Confirmation, Ordination, 
Consecration of Churches, etc. 

All these Services but the last mentioned are contained in our ‘‘ Prayer Book,” 
with all their details, except the lessons at Mattins and Evensong, which are 
read from the Bible, and the Hymns and Anthems, which are, since the six- 
teenth century, at the discretion of the authorities. This concentration or 
compression of the services into one book is the natural result of time, and 
the further we go back the more numerous are the books which our old 
inventories show. To take the four classes of Services and Service-Books 
mentioned above : 

(1) The Hour-Services were latterly contained, so far as the text was 


concerned, in the Breviariwm, or Portiforium, as it was called by preference 
in England. The musical portions of this book were contained in the Azz/z- 
phonarium. But the Breviary itself was the result of a gradual amalgamation 
of many different books : 

(2) The Axtiphonarium, properly so called, containing the Anthems (4m/z- 
phone) to the Psalms, the Responds (Responsoria) to the Lessons (Lectzones), 
and the other odds and ends of Verses and Responds ( Verstcli et Responsoria) 
throughout the Service ; 

(2) The Psalterium, containing the Psalms arranged as used at the different 
Hours, together with the Litany as used on occasions ; 

(c) The Hymnarium, or collection of Hymns used in the different Hour- 
Services ; 

(zd) The Legenda, containing the long Lessons used at Mattins, as well from 
the Bible, from the Sermologus, and from the Homiliarius, used respectively 
at the first, second, and third Nocturns at Mattins on Sundays and some other 
days, as also from the Passtonale, containing the acts of Saints read on their 
festivals ; and 

(e) The Collectarium, containing the Capztuda, or short Lessons used at all 
the Hour-Services except Mattins, and the Collecte or Orationes used at the 
same. 

(2) The Procession Services were contained in the Processtonale or Pro- 
cesstonarium. It will be remembered that the rubric in our ‘‘ Prayer Book” 


SACRIST’S ROLL OF LICHFIELD CATHEDRAL. 135 


concerning the Anthem (“In Quires and places where they sing, here fol- 
loweth the Anthem”’) is zzdtcative rather than zmferative, and that it was 
first added in 1662. It states a fact ; and, no doubt, when processions were 
abolished, with the altars to which they were made, Cathedral Choirs would 
have found themselves in considerable danger of being swept away also, had 


—_ eo oe. ee. . 


they not made a stand, and been content to sing the Processional Anthem 


without moving from their position in the Choir. This alone sufficed to carry 


on the tradition ; and looked upon in this way, the modern Anthem Book of 
our Cathedral and Collegiate Churches, and the Hymn Book of our parish 
churches, are the only legitimate successors of the old Processtonale. It must 
be borne in mind, also, that the Morning and Evening Anthems in our 


” 


Prayer Book do not correspond to one another so closely as might at first 


sight appear to be the case. The Morning Anthem comes immediately before 
the Litany which precedes the Communion Service, and corresponds to the 
Processional Anthem or Respond sung at the churchyard procession before 
Mass. The Evening Anthem, on the other hand, follows the third Collect, 
and corresponds to the Processional Anthem or Respond sung ‘‘eundo et 


” 


redeundo,”’ in going to, and returning from, some subordinate altar in the 
church at the close of Vespers. 

~ (3) The Mass, which we call the Communion Service, was contained in the 
Missale, so far as the text was concerned. The Epistles and Gospels, being 
read at separate lecterns, would often be written in separate books, called 
Epistolaria and Evangeliaria. The musical portions of the Altar Service 
were latterly all contained in the Graduale, or Grayle, so called from one of 
the principal elements being the Resfonsortum Graduale or Respond to the 
Lectio Epistole. mn earlier times, these musical portions of the Missal Service 
were commonly contained in twoseparate books, the Gradualeand the Troparium. 
The Graduale, being in fact the Amtiphonarium of the Altar Service (as 
indeed it was called in the earliest times), contained all the passages of 
Scripture, varying according to the season and day, which served as Introits 
(Antiphone et Psalmi ad Introitum) before the Collects, as Gradual Responds 
or Graduals to the Epistle, as A//eluca versicles before the Gospel, as Ofer- 
foria at the time of the first oblation, and as Comsnuniones at the time of the 
reception of the consecrated elements. The Zvofarium contained the Z7vofi, 
or preliminary tags to the Introits; the Kyries; the Gloria in excelsis ; the 
Sequences or Prose ad Seguentiam before the Gospel; the Credo in unum ; 
the Sanctus and Benedictus; and the Agnus Dei ; all, in early times, liable 
to have insertions or farsure of their own, according to the season or day, 
which, however, were almost wholly swept away (except those of the Ayre) 
by the beginning of the thirteenth century. Even in Lyndewode’s time 
(A.D. 1433), the Zvofarium was explained to be a book containing merely 
the Sequences before the Gospel at Mass, so completely had the other 


7 
it 


136 SACRIST’S ROLL OF LICHFIELD CATHEDRAL. 


elements then disappeared or become incorporated in the Graduale. This 
definition of the Zyofarium is the more necessary, because so many o/d 
church inventories yet remain, which contain books, even at the time of 
writing the inventory long since disused, so that the lists would be unin- 
telligible without some such explanation. 

(4) The Occasional Services, so far as they concerned a priest, were of 
course more numerous in old days than now, and included the ceremonies for 
Candlemas, Ash Wednesday, Palm Sunday, etc., besides what were formerly 
known as the Sacramental Services. The book which contained these was 
in England called the AZarzwale, while on the Continent the name Aituale is 
more common. No church could well be without one of these. The purely 
episcopal offices were contained in the ZLzber pontzficalis or Pontifical, for 
which an ordinary church would have no need. 

(5) Besides these books of actual Services there was another, absolutely 
necessary for the right understanding and definite use of those already men- 
tioned. This was the Ordinale, or book containing the general rules relating 
to the Ordo divint servitii. It is the Ordinarius or Breviarius of many 
Continental churches. Its method was to go through the year and show what 
was to be done; what days were to take precedence of others; and how, 
under such circumstances, the details of the conflicting Services were to be 
dealt with. The basis of such a book would be either the well-known Sarum 
Consuetudinarium, called after S. Osmund, but really drawn up in the first 
quarter of the thirteenth century, the Lincoln Consuetudinarium belonging to 
the middle of the same century, or other such book. By the end of the 
fifteenth century Clement Maydeston’s Directorium Sacerdotum, or Priests’ 
Guide, had superseded all such books, and came itself to be called the Sarum 
Ordinale, until, about 1508, the shorter Ordinal, under the name of Pica 
Sarum, “the rules called the Pie,” having been cut up and re-distributed 
according to the seasons, came to be incorporated in the text of all the 
editions of the Sarum Breviary. 

61. Sir Thomas Pipe was a chantry priest of the cathedral, whose name 
occurs in several of the chapter muniments of the 14th century. 

62. The great Bibles were divided as follows :—Vol. I., Genesis—Psalms. 
Vol. II., Proverbs—Apocalypse. 

63. The Martyrologium wasa Register of the Benefactors of a religious establish- 
ment, with full particulars as to their donations, and the exact time of their 
deaths, so that there might be no omission of their commemoration as the 
anniversaries came round. Some of the earliest charters of the Chapter 
muniments of Lichfield relate to endowments for the due keeping of the 
Martyrologia. 

64, The invaluable MS., now in the Chapter Library, known as “5S. 
Chad’s Gospels,” must have been one of these volumes. Though not 


it. 


a _— Se 


a ee, ee 


4 


SACRIST’S ROLL OF LICHFIELD CATHEDRAL. 137 


supposed to be quite so old as the time of S. Chad, it is ofa most venerable 
age, having been transferred from the Cathedral Church of Llandaff to that of 
Lichfield, early in the tenth century. The best judges consider it, we believe, 
to have been written in the ninth century. It contains the gospels of St. 
Matthew and Mark, and part of that of S. Luke. Fora collation of this 
text, from fhe pen of the Right Rev. Bishop Abraham, see the Re/iguary, vol. 
xvii. This MS., when perfect, was probably a complete Gospeller; and the 
second volume mentioned in the inveatory would most likely be an Epistolar. 
65. We are unable to find anything respecting this Nicholas de Polesworth. 
66. Irons or tongs for stamping and cutting out the wafers for Holy 
Communion. The old English names for these were ‘‘obleys” and 
_ “wafers ;” they were not termed “hosts ” till after the consecration. 
67. Iron was much more used in medieval times for church purposes, than 
_ is usually supposed. The Inventory of Old S. Paul’s, taken in 1295, mentions 
three iron chairs, one iron chair with gilt heads and knobs, ‘‘ which is the 
_ Cantor’s,” and two other iron chairs. 

68. Possibly it had a roof-shaped top, and the choir boys used to ride on 
it. Whocan tell ? 

69. Candelabrum Paschale (the Paschal Candlestick). This was a large 
candlestick, placed on the north side of the altar, holding a large wax candle, 
which was lighted during mass and vespers from Holy Saturday till Ascension 
Day. It was often of an enormous size, reaching nearly to the vaulting of the 
choir, as was anciently the case at Durham, where the taper had to be lighted 
through an opening in the roof. From its being in three pieces here it must 
have had a considerable altitude. 

70, William de Lenton was Sacrist and immediate predecessor of Roger le 
Mareschall. 

71. Elias de Napton was for sometime Prebendary of Eccleshall, and was 
Archdeacon of Derby, 1281-1311. 

72. Probably a corona /ucis, possibly representing the tongues of fire. 

73. Sir John de Polesworth was perhaps a Chantry priest of the Cathedral, 
as his name does not occur among the Prebendaries. 

74, The word feretrum is used here in its primary sense of “bier.” 

75. Ralph de Holbeach held the Prebendary of Ruiton 1305-1322, and 

_ of Gaia Major 1322-1338. In 1322 he was also Vicar-General of the 
Diocese. 

76. The Auricularium was the altar cushion on which the missal rested ; the 
_ guisson (variously spelt) of old inventories, usually meant a kneeling cushion. 


* Those who now-a-days use north and south altar cushions in churches, are 


probably not aware that these are the direct descendants of the ancient 
altar cushions of pre-Reformation use. An altar-cushion for the book was used 
by Bishop Andrewes and others in the 17th century. 


138 SACRIST’S ROLL OF LICHFIELD CATHEDRAL. 


77. Perhaps these were in broad stripes of white for the Blessed Virgin 
and yellow for S. Chad. At Wells they had red and white for virgins who 
were martyrs, and such a frontal was recently exhibited to the Society 
of Antiquaries. 

78. Roger de Norbury was Bishop of Lichfield, 1322-1359. 

79, As Bishop Meyland had been dead some fifty years, we suppose that 
this entry as to his still having a cathedral mitre, implies either that he had 
been buried in one pertaining to the Chapter, instead of in the usual funeral 
one which ought to have been provided by the executors, or that the mitre had 
not been given up by his executors. 

80, Ashmore Brook is the name of a stream between Lichfield and Fairwell. 

81, William de Leicester was Prebendary of Oloughton 1343-1348. He 
founded a chantry at Coventry. 


TN a Oe, Ge 


_ServicyRrxhk SLAB HOUND DURING Oke DemBLISION OF CHE 
Crapcer. oH Dore Chugcn, DERBYSHIRE 


y 


139 


On two Sepulehral Slabs at PWope 
Church. 


By Rev. J. CHARLEs Cox. 


@HEN the sad and absolutely unnecessary work of the 
“| demolition of Hope Chancel was in progress during 
July, 1881, two fairly perfect incised slabs of a 
sepulchral character were uncovered in the foundations. They 
were found in the north and south walls respectively, close to the 
junction of the chancel with the nave, and are good specimens 
uf their class. The stones were promptly photographed by Mr. 
J. D. Leader, F.S.A., through whose kindness we are able to 
give the accompanying drawings. Hitherto there has not been 
a single ancient church or chapel of the Peak district in 
any way overhauled, which has not yielded more or less abun- 
dant specimens of incised gravestones. Our church-building 
ancestors of the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries seem to 
have had no scruples in appropriating these unlettered memo- 


_rials of the departed, whenever they were in want of a fair-sized 


slab for a jamb, a lintel, or especially a foundation stone ; but 
they are more frequently found in a mutilated condition. 
Both examples are of that later kind of incised stones, in which 
the head of the cross is of a floriated device within a circle, the 
cross being thrown into relief by cutting away the remaining part 
of the stone to the depth of about a quarter of an inch; the 
stem of the cross and the other details being simply produced by 
ordinary incised lines. The smaller slab of the two has a bugle 
horn and belt on the right side of the stem of the cross, with 


140 SEPULCHRAL SLABS AT HOPE CHURCH. 


a circular buckle between the stem and cross head. The 
larger one has a similar horn and belt, with a broad-headed 
arrow below it, on the same side, and a cross-hilted sword on 
the left. Their date is probably of the reign of Richard I. or 
John ; and they would be used up in the foundations about a 
century later. Owing to the extreme paucity of documents of 
that early period, it would be idle to conjecture to whom these 
memorials pertained ; but the nature of the symbols seems to 
show that they originally marked the interment of those who had 
held office as Foresters in the Royal Forest of the Peak. 


Plate V. 


-pyrusaaiag ‘Coundy x40 
ound danok eHTS THULI TALIS” 


gto an UWOTATTO 


wa 94a 


yan TAIRA SY 


Bs 


141 


PJottings about Old Derby. 


By Rev. Witi1AM Hops, M.A. 


Wan mp iE following paper consists of a few jottings, which 
Is were put together in the hope of interesting a social 
) 4] gathering of the parishioners of S. Peter’s, Derby, a 
oor time back. Though roughly arranged, they contain many 
items unknown to the present generation, and which will soon 
be utterly forgotten ; no apology is, therefore, necessary for 
placing them in the hands of the D. A. and N. H. S. 

It may interest many to read some little account of the town 
af Derby in and from 1781. 

We will divide the subject into two: matters ECCLESIASTICAL 
and matters CIvIL. 

As regards matters EccLresiasticaL—In the year 1781 there 
were but five parish churches in Derby—viz., All Saints’, S. 
Peter’s, S. Alkmund’s, S. Werburgh’s, and S. Michael’s. 

ALL Saints’—as you will find from the interesting and 
beautiful monograph of that church by Rev. J. C. Cox and W. 
H. St. John Hope—had anciently attached to it the CHAPELS 
oF S. MARyY-ON-THE-BRIDGE and QuaRNpDoN. In 1781, the 
Incumbent of All Saints’ was my grandfather, the Reverend 
Charles Hope, M.A., the patrons being the Mayor and Burgesses 
of Derby. The services, as far as I can make out, consisted of 
Sundays—morning and afternoon—and in the morning on Wed- 
nesday and all Saints’ Days. On Friday morning also was delivered 
the Crowshawe Lecture (founded by Richard Crowshawe, merchant, 
of London, by will, dated 26th April, 1631, for the benefit of the 
market people), until the death of the Rev. James Bligh, who was 


142 JOTTINGS ABOUT OLD DERBY. 


lecturer, and also Head-master of the Free Grammar School. 
The Corporation, in whom the presentation was vested, changed it 
to Sunday evening, by what authority I do not know, but clearly 
against the will of the founder, who instructs that the lecture was 
to be delivered every Friday, in the forenoon, in the Parish 
Church of All Hallows, in Derby, and that £20 should be paid 
to the preacher. 

S. PETER’s comprised the chapelries of BoULTON, NORMANTON, 
and OsmastTon. In 1781 the vicar was the Reverend Beaumont 
Dixie ; patron, Willoughby Dixie, Esq. The services consisted 
of two Sunday services, morning and afternoon, excepting every 
third Sunday, when there was an afternoon service at Normanton 
instead. And this was the only service held at Normanton, 2.e., 
once in three weeks! Up to 1780 morning prayers were said 
daily, and £10 per annum paid out of the Liversage Charity to 
the vicar for saying them. Since then the Liversage Lecture has 
been established—for which £35 per annum is allowed for a 
sermon or lecture every Sunday evening—and daily service and 
weekly communions. S. Peter’s was, I believe, the last church 
in the diocese, within the memory of man, where a man, habited 
in a white sheet, did open penance for defamation. It took 
place when I was a boy, and when Rev. R. R. Ward was vicar. 
He was sentenced to the punishment by the Court of Lichfield. 

S. ALKMUND’s contained the chapelry of LirrLeE Eaton. In 
1781 the vicar was the Reverend Thomas Manlove, also, I 
believe, Head-master of the Grammar School. Patrons, the 
Mayor and Corporation of Derby. Services, so far as I know, 
on Sundays—morning and afternoon, and on Thursday mornings. 

S. WerrRBuRGH’s.—This parish had no chapelries within it. 
In 1781 this living and S. Michael’s were held together by my 
grandfather. The patron was the Lord Chancellor. 

S. MicHagE_’s comprised the Chapelry of ALvAsToN. 

With regard to the services at this church and S. Werburgh’s 
in 1781, there was one Sunday service given alternately once in 
three weeks; and at S. Werburgh’s Matins was said on Satur- 
days. These, you will see, were in the days of Pluralities—my 


JOTTINGS ABOUT OLD DERBY. 143 


grandfather holding together three livings, viz., All Saints’, 
S. Werburgh’s, and S. Michael’s; but then it must be borne 
in mind that the population of the whole town did not reach 
8,563 until 1788, which is very little more than the population 
of that part of S. Peter’s parish now under my own immediate 
charge. 

I may mention a custom in certain of the churches, of 
ringing the bells on Sundays, Holy Days, and ordinary days— 
At All Saints’, S. Peter’s, S. Alkmund’s, and S. Werburgh’s one 
bell was rung from 7 a.m. to 7.15 a.m., and at 8 a.m. two 
bells were rung. On Holy Days the same. Daily—one bell 
was rung at 5 a.m. at All Saints’; .S. Peter’s, S. Werburgh’s, 
and at S. Alkmund’s a bell was rung at 6 am. At S. Alk- 
mund’s a bell was also rung at 6 p.m. ; at S. Peter’s at 7 p.m., 
All Saints’ at 8 p.m., S. Werburgh’s at 9 p.m. Doubtless the 
bells rung in the morning were originally for Mass. Those 
rung in the evenings would be for Complin, or the last office 
for the day, and not, as commonly supposed, for the ‘‘ Curfew.” 

I now pass on to matters CIvIL. 

The Mayor of Derby in 1781 was John” Hope, who was 
first cousin to my grandfather. The Members for the Borough 
were Lord George Henry Augustus Cavendish and Edward 
Coke. 

There were many old buildings standing in 1781 and _ later 
which no longer remain. At the corner of Babington Lane 
stood the old Gate-house with a chamber over it, forming 
the entrance to Old Babington Hall, which stood between 
Babington Lane and St. Peter’s Church. It belonged to the 
family of that name, who also had another seat at Dethick. 
Here Mary Queen of Scots was lodged on her way from 
Winfield Manor to Tutbury Castle. It was purchased by the 
Beaumonts, and was afterwards the residence of Sir Simon 
Degge. What is now called “ Babington House”’ was built by 
the Mellors, who were then a considerable family in the town. 
It was afterwards owned by the Degges, and Lord Massareen 
lived there, and was married at S. Peter’s. Henry Mellor, who 


144 JOTTINGS ABOUT OLD DERBY. 


I believe lived there, was the first Mayor of Derby under 
Charter of Charles I., 1636. He died there and was buried 
atrrase Peters: 

CasTLE FreELpDs HALL, surrounded by stately cedar trees, 
stood on or near the site of the factory of Mr. Alderman Roe. 
The stables belonging to it now form the Siddals Lane 
School Rooms, belonging to S. Peter’s parish. I remember 
it well, and what is now covered with houses, etc., intersected 
with streets, was then an open space, clear of buildings, from 
Traffic Street to Canal Street, and from London Road to 
Siddals Lane, called Castle Fields Park. 

It is not often that we can trace the origin of the names 
of places, but as ‘‘ Hope Street’ forms now one of the streets 
I am alluding to, I give you the tradition why it is so called, 
as it was told me by my father. 

When my grandfather was vicar of S. Werburgh’s he held 
two acres of land in Castle Fields Park, where the street is 
now made, as vicar of that parish. The owner, who then 
possessed and lived at Castle Fields Hall, considered these 
two acres (being nearly in the middle of the park) a nuisance, 
and removed the land marks by which they were distinguished ; 
whereupon my grandfather brought an action against him at 
the County Assizes, which was decided in my grandfather's 
favour, the judge remarking that the owner of the estate had 
offended not only against man but against the laws of God, 
insomuch as he had removed his neighbour’s land-mark. 
However, it ended in an apology to my grandfather, and in 
lieu of the land in the park he was offered a fenced field con- 
taining a barn on the Ashburne Road, which my grand- 
father accepted, and it is now the property of the vicars of 
S. Werburgh. The judge told my grandfather that in con- 
sequence of the treatment he had received he could take 
his two acres close up to the drawing-room windows if he 
chose to do so. 

On Cockpit Hill stood an old mansion, built by a Mr. 
Beardsley in 1712, and afterwards the dwelling about this 


JOTTINGS ABOUT OLD DERBY. 145 


time (1781), of an elderly lady who went by the name of 
“Madam” or ‘‘Dame” Chambers, and who, I believe, was 
sister to the then Marchioness of Exeter, behind which were 
grounds and an orchard reaching to S. Peter’s Street, now 
built over and intersected by Albion Street, Albion Place, 
Bloom Street, and Eagle Street. 

The old Town Gaol was built across the brook in the 
Corn Market, nearly on a line from the Royal Hotel to 
Albert Street. The coach road and also two foot-bridges 
passing underneath it; one bridge leading to the gaol, called 
the Gaol Bridge, the other, forming the highway, called S. 
Peter’s Bridge. The coach road was through the bed of the 
brook. All this was altered in 1787, when it was removed, 
first to the west side of the Corn Market, and then into Friar 
Gate. S. Peter's Bridge, which somewhat resembled the 
present S. Mary’s Bridge, was erected during the second 
mayoralty of John Hope, and I distinctly remember a large 
stone on which were carved the Arms of the Borough, the 
neme of the then mayor, and the date of erection. Previous 
to the demolition of the old foot-bridge, I have heard the 
Jate Dr. Forrester (who lived at Abbot’s Hill) say, that the 
water was so pure that his cows were driven to water there. 
I don’t suppose if it was still open they would be driven 
there for that purpose now. 

In 1786 Sadler Gate Bridge was built, during the mayor- 

alty of Henry Flint, and there was a similar inscription on 
a stone there to the one on S. Peters Bridge; and previous 
to its erection, carriages, etc., were driven through the brook, 
and passengers crossed by a foot-bridge. 
In 1789, during the mayoralty of Thomas Mather, S. 
Mary’s Bridge was begun to be rebuilt. The Chapel of S. 
Mary stood, and stands now, on an arch of the former 
bridge, and I well remember the old piers which were removed 
a few years ago by the Corporation, and over which, in my 
boating days, I had well nigh several times made shipwreck, 
and got a good ducking. 


146 JOTTINGS ABOUT OLD DERBY. 


In the middle of the street now leading from the Market 
Place to Exeter Bridge, and at the point of junction with the 
Market Place, stood a large ancient mansion, with a quadrangular 
court in front, the entrance to which was under an archway, 
with a dwelling-house above, and houses on both sides within 
the archway. At this house King Charles I. stayed when visiting 
Derby. It once belonged to the Every family, afterwards it 
became the property of my grandfather. There was a large 
garden behind the house which went down to the river, where, 
or near where, Exeter Bridge now stands. It subsequently 
became the property of my father, who sold it to my uncle, 
Rey. Charles Stead Hope, who again sold it to Messrs. Smiths, 
the bankers. It was afterwards pulled down, and the road 
to Exeter Bridge and the bridge itself made, and the road 
continued to Exeter Street, formerly called ‘‘ Ford Lane.” 
For many years the road under the archway was called 
“‘Darby’s Yard,” from Mr. Thomas Darby having purchased 
the buildings on the right side of the court. From the 
description given to me by my father and others, especially 
by Mr. George Darby, it must have been a fine old place. 
The entrance was reached by a flight of stone steps, which 
opened into a large entrance hall, where was a very handsome 
old oak staircase. 

In Full Street, or Fuller’s Street, stood Exeter House, at 
one time one of the residences of the Marquis of Exeter. As 
most of you know, this was the head quarters of Prince Charles 
Edward Stuart in 1745 ; and had he marched on towards London, 
as was his original intention, it is very problematical whether 
the House of Stuart or that of Brunswick would have now 
possessed the Throne of these Realms. 

S. Peter’s Vicarage stood in S. Peter’s Street, where the 
premises of Messrs. Dick, Wilkins, etc., now stand. Some years 
after I was presented to the living, I sold it, and with the 
consent of the then Bishop and patrons, built the present 
Vicarage House. One reason for my doing so was that I had 
then S. Peter’s and Normanton both to serve. I was anxious 


— 


7 


— .« i 


JOTTINGS ABOUT OLD DERBY. 147 


to have the house as equi-distant as possible from both 
Churches. It was a fine old house, and like many of the old 
houses in Derby, had a very handsome old oak stair-case with 
alternate round and twisted balustrades. On taking down the 
old building, which had been added to, I was told that under 
one of the beams of the latest part were found several coins 
of the reign of Charles II. My predecessors had been very 
careful to make very good and capacious cellarage underneath 
the house, and what was very remarkable, a stream of pure clean 
water flowed through one of them in the direction of Old S. 
Peter’s Well, which is still under the pavement near Mr. Peach’s 
premises in S. Peter’s Street. I always fancy the water came 
from the same spring that supplies S. Thomas 4 Becket’s Well. 
I am under the impression that the old Vicarage abutted upon 
the churchyard, and have reason to believe that the space 
between the house and the church was from time to time 


_ encroached upon and built over. 


I remember also the old hostelries called the Red and White 
Lion, in the Corn Market. The White Lion was a_ very 


_picturesque-looking gabled building, with stone-mullioned 


windows, one side fronting the Corn Market, the other facing 
south, overlooking the open brook, by the Brook-side, now 
Victoria Street. The entrance to the stables was over a wooden 
bridge leading from Victoria Street, opposite to Green Lane. 
Then there was the fine old mansion in the Wardwick belonging 
to the Jessop family, part of which now only remains; Becket 
Street runs through it and the old Park that was behind it. 

There was also a curious old building on Sadler Gate Bridge, 
with an oaken mullioned window. According to tradition, a 
subterranean passage connected it with the College of All 
Saints. 

I also remember several old wells—S. Peter’s Well, close by Mr. 
Peach’s, in S. Peter Street; one on the Osmaston Road, nearly 


_ opposite some lofty new houses, and another in Victoria Street ; 
with pumps placed over them. Becket Well, with its quaint 
domed covering, still exists in Becket Well Lane, as also does 


148 JOTTINGS ABOUT OLD DERBY. 


S. Alkmund’s Well. There was also a spring, discharging from 
an iron lion’s mouth, at the bottom of Bradshaw Street. 

The old Grammar School still exists in S. Peter’s Church- 
yard. I cannot help thinking that it was originally built on a 
part of the churchyard, because, after the death of the Rev. J. 
Bligh, when the Corporation caused some repairs to be made to 
the flooring, many skeletons were discovered—feet to the east ; 
and still more recently, when the present owners, the Liversage 
Charity Trustees, were laying down a new wooden floor, several 
skeletons were found under a plaster floor lower down; one or 
more were in an upright position, with what appeared to be quick- 
lime spread around them; and very many bones, which I saw 
myself. What forms now the School Play-ground is, un- 
doubtedly, part of the old churchyard. JI remember very well, 
after the death of Mr. Bligh, the ground being taken in. It was 
an irregular transfer made between the parishioners of S. Peter’s 
and the Corporation of Derby for some buildings on Liversage 
property in S. Peter’s Churchyard, but there was no faculty 
obtained. When I first knew the School, a narrow passage was 
railed off on both sides leading from S. Peter’s Churchyard to the 
School-room. When the exchange was made, the churchyard 
~ now forming the play-ground was taken in, and buildings erected 
upon it, to do which bodies were removed; one body I 
particularly remember being removed, and also a grave being 
opened and a body discovered, which still rests there, and a 
head-stone still marks the spot. Before and since I have been 
vicar, several interments have taken place in this part. In fact, 
the Faculty Plan of what is called the New Ground shows it 
completely. 

The upper rooms, I have heard my father say, were occupied 
by the under master or masters. 

It is a curious fact, that for three years I was the only scholar 
of the Derby Grammar School, and the Rev. James Bligh the 
one master! The present condition of the School is happily 
different. 

I remember the old Town Hall, which stood nearly in the 


p 
: 
; 
q 
“ 
¢ 
§ 


Se 


7 


: 
. 


a. 


JOTTINGS ABOUT OLD DERBY. 149 


middle of the Market Place, built of brick, now supplanted by 
the present structure. 

There is one subject more connected with old Derby I cannot 
altogether pass over. I mean the Derby Football. This was 
one of the most extraordinary games, I think, ever witnessed, the 
origin of which is lost in obscurity, but it existed for ages. The 
contending parties were the parishes of S. Peter’s and All Saints. 
It was formerly played on Shrove Tuesday. The ball was a very 
large one, filled with cork shavings ; in fact, there were two—one 
called the men’s, the other the boys’. The men’s ball was 
thrown up in the Market Place, on the stroke of two, and when 
they had cleared out, the lads’ ball was thrown up. Afterwards 
an encroachment was made upon Ash Wednesday. The men 
played on Shrove Tuesday, the lads on Ash Wednesday. All 
Saints’ goal was one of the shutters of the water wheel at Nun’s 
Mill, in the Brook from Markeaton, and which still exists ; S. 
Peter’s was a gate in Grove Street, close to the Osmaston Road, 
facing north; the land where it was, is now built over. Both 
parties used what they thought the best means of settling the 
gate. The favourite course which the parishioners of All Saints 
tried for was to get the ball down Sadler Gate, Bold Lane, 
Willow Row, and so on until they got into the brook below 
Nun’s Mill, and then worked for the goal under the mill arch. 

But don’t for one moment suppose the game was what we 
understand by Football, for it was nothing of the kind. As soon 
as the contending parties were ready, All Saints’ people ranged 
themselves on the Royal Oak side of the Market Place, and 
waved their hands towards All Saints’ Church. S. Peter's 
ranged themselves under the old premises of Cox, Bowring, and 
Co., and waved their hands towards S. Peter’s Church. Both 
parties then advanced. The ball was generally thrown up in the 
midst, between them, and both sides immediately closed into a 
compact mass, with nothing but their heads, faces, and uplifted 
hands visible. Whichever representative of the sides got the 
ball had the best advantage for his party, as he could act as a 
sort of steersman in the middle for the way he wished his 


150 JOTTINGS ABOUT OLD DERBY. 


supporters to go. S. Peter’s usually tried to work down Tenant 
Street, and get into the River Derwent as soon as they could. I 
have seen them swimming down the river when it was freezing 
hard and snow lying on the banks, and sometimes snowing all 
the while—one of them having the ball. Some would swim 
down, others walk down the banks, to about what is called “* The 
Dead Waters,” at Osmaston, the holder of the ball in the river. 
This part of the sfors, so-called, was pleasantly enlivened by the 
partizans of each parish going in to seize the ball, when a grand 
ducking performance commenced. If All Saints’ got possession 
of the ball, they got out on the Chaddesden side of the water, 
and the game virtually began de novo ; but if S. Peter’s held their 
own, it was generally carried through Osmaston Park, towards 
where the Arboretum is now, and into Grove Street and goaled. 
Whichever side won, the winner was raised shoulder-high, 
carrying the ball, by his fellow-players, and they proceeded 
through the parish of the winning parties, soliciting pecuniary 
reward, the church bells of the winning parish ringing merrily. 

There is a tradition that on one occasion, when S. Peter’s 
men and lads both won, the joy was so great that both balls 
were hung by blue ribbons on one of the pinnacles of S. Peter’s 
Church tower. 

This game, as you know, has been put down for many years, 
and is almost forgotten; but I have some old parishioners now 
living who were renowned champions for S. Peter’s, and with 
whom I sometimes talk over the old game. 

Taking all things into consideration, it was very desirable that 
it should be put a stop to; at the same time, like fox-hunting, 
athletic exercise, boat-racing, and all sports of the kind, I do 
think it helped to keep up the hardiness, the manliness, and the 
good old pluck and “ Never say die” of Englishmen. 

There is just one more “tradition” I should like to mention, 
though doubtless known to many. It is this: Several years ago, 
it is said, two Englishmen, strangers to each other, met in the 
United States of America, and, in the course of conversation, 
each one told the other that he came from Derby; and, in 


=— 


Eee ee SY eee 


e 


JOTTINGS ABOUT OLD DERBY. 151 


order to test the truth, one man said, “ All Saints for ever!” 
the other instantly replied, “S. Peters for ever!” This at 
once settled the question, and a staunch friendship immediately 
sprang up and ever afterwards existed. 

I am old enough, also, to remember the old watchmen, who 
had what were called ‘‘watch boxes” in various parts of the 
town, before the introduction of the present police force. They 
were habited in thick drab coats reaching to the heels, low- 
crowned hats, a rattle hanging to a leather girdle which 
surrounded their waists ; and each one carried a thick stick and 
a horn lanthorn. Every halfhour he called the time, and gave 
a description of the kind of weather it was. I also remember 
the time when a considerable part of the town was, so called, 
lighted by oil lamps. I say so-called, for they really only served 
to make “ darkness visible.” Gas has now superseded them, 
and it is not unlikely that ere long the electric light will 
supersede gas ; and if I have thrown any light on the state of 
old Derby from 1781, my efforts will not have been in vain. 


152 


The Statned Glass at Mordury Manor 
House, 


By GEORGE BAILEY. 


FIRST ARTICLE. 


still retains in its windows numerous fragments of 
stained glass; for the most part they are heraldic, 
but ieee are besides several remnants containing figure subjects, 
e.g., ‘The Scourging of our Lord,” a “‘ Nativity,” partly lost, and 
the first six Months of the Year. = is to these last that we 
desire to call attention. They are represented on the three plates 
which accompany this article. The originals are six inches in 
diameter ; that was too large a size for this journal, so, to bring 
them conveniently within its pages, we have reduced them 5-r12ths. 

It will be seen on referring to the plates that the glass is the 
ordinary enamel glass-painting of the fifteenth century, consisting 
of a deep brown outline, heightened by bright yellow stains, the 
figures being strongly defined by deep outlines, and there is a 
shading of lighter brown in parts. These six circles are now 
placed in the staircase window —a sketch of which is also given. 
Of the latter six months there remains not a vestige, but 
these are quite complete ; they are interesting, firstly as present- 
ing to our eyes costumes characteristic of the months by 
an artist of the fifteenth century, and, secondly, as_repre- 
sentations of costumes worn during that period. Strutt, 
writing on this century, says:—“At the close of the 
fifteenth century the dress of the English was exceedingly 


ee OO hn ee See 


Plate VI. 


~CCTRE STHIRCHSE, DORBURY ManoR DoUsE 


MOON B DEMRY 


BEMRODE & Bonm.« 


STAINED GLASS AT NORBURY MANOR HOUSE, 153 


fantastical and absurd, insomuch that it was even difficult to 
distinguish the one sex from the other. The men wore petticoats 
over their lower clothing ; their doublets were laced in front like 
a woman’s stays.” It will be seen that these remarks will apply 
to some of the dresses here figured. With regard to the probable 
date of these fragments, it may be remarked that they were pro- 
bably painted during the latter half of the century, although they 
give representations of dresses worn in the reign of Henry IV.,* 
and, in corroboration of this, we may mention that there is among 
the Harleian MSS. a little calendar of the year 1411, in whicha 
representation of Winter is given, corresponding in most of its 
details with that in our plate of January ; and those who wish to 
compare may do so by referring to Fairholt’s Costume in England, 
p- 138, in which a copy from this picture is engraved. 

We will now describe the Months in order. 

It will be seen that January being a very cold month 
generally, could be best impersonated by an elderly gentle- 
man clothed in a winter dress, consisting of a felt hat, with 
the brim turned down, underneath which he wears a close- 
fitting hood that envelopes the head and descends to his 
shoulders, forming a kind of cape, and, instead of the usual 
tunic, he wears a long gown, or robe, with richly embroidered 
cuffs and girdle, the edges of which robe are trimmed with 
fur; his legs are clothed in tight-fitting hose, and his feet are 
protected by shoes with buckles, with the addition of clogs; 
his chair, also, for greater warmth, is covered with a loose cloth, 
while he comforts his inner man with some kind of spiced wine 
which is being heated in a pipkin placed upon a three-legged 
pot suspended over the fire at which he warms his feet. One can 
scarcely imagine a better way of representing winter than we have 
here ; and there is some sentiment too, for the man is in the time 
of life when the forces of nature are low, and it requires all his 
ingenuity to keep them going at all—it is life’s winter with him, 


* Mr. James Fowler, F.S.A., whose valuable paper in the Archeologia we 
refer to below, suggests that these medallions are of the time of Henry VII. 


154 STAINED GLASS AT NORBURY MANOR HOUSE. 


The next month, February, is presented to us as a husbandman 
engaged in tilling the soil, and preparing it to receive the seed which 
it is his business to plant, and which is, no doubt, contained in 
the vessel at his side; he wears a dress quite suitable to his 
occupation, consisting of tight-fitting hose, and a doublet or coat 
with buttons on each side, by means of which it could be fastened 
from top to bottom, but, as his labour is one requiring exercise, he 
has it only fastened half-way, and wears it open from the throat to 
the waist; he wears on his feet low boots or shoes; his spade 
being made of wood, shod with iron, as was usual (and we may 
point out the same kind of spade as being used in one of the 
windows from Dale Abbey now in Morley Church) ; he wears no 
head gear, his hat being placed on the vessel containing the seed 
he intends to sow. Mr. W. H.St. John Hope suggests that this 
vessel contains the man’s warm drink, and that he has placed his 
hat over it to keep it from getting cold. It may be so; there is 
nothing above the commonplace in this emblem, but, it may be 
noticed in passing, that all the figures represented as engaged in 
manual labour, are clothed accordingly, and that all are closely 
shaven ; the elderly man alone wearing a beard. 

The next month, March, is pictured asa man engaged in the 
process of training and pruning trees ; a characteristic occupation 
of this month. He uses a very ancient form of pruning hook, 
and one, to our modern eyes not at all adapted to the purpose. 
He appears to be engaged in that form of training trees called 
espaliering. It will be seen that his costume is not unlike that 
in the previous month, the principal difference being that the 
coat is laced down the front instead of being buttoned. 

February and March being months in which a good deal of 
hard work has to be done, the artist has clothed them accord- 
ingly, but, on turning to the next month, April, we find an 


entire change in this respect. He is more sumptuously arrayed 


as becomes his character—that of the month of showers and 
sunshine, fertilizing and warming the soil, so that it may bring 
forth flowers and fruits. He bears in his hands grain, and, 
perhaps, flax. He wears a short, fur-trimmed tunic, with wide 


yShoy MOTH AMNEMOY UT ssHIg WOM siToTOTy 249 


ryp OT / 


PIPPI Y ViRMD), 
/ GY J 


Y 


“ 
la 
¢ 


a 
} 


° STAINED GLASS AT NORBURY MANOR HOUSE. 155 


sleeves, bound round the waist with a strap and buckle. A 
cap shaped like a turban, with a lappet hanging over one side ; 
these appendages being a great feature at the time, were often 
of great length ; and there is slightly more finish about the make 
of his boots. The reader will call to mind many existing 
examples of this style of dress in the portrait pictures of our 
great galleries, both public and private, the head-dresses being 
all more or less fantastical, some having long streamers hanging 
down to the feet. 

This absurd kind of dress will be especially remarked in 
the following month of May, where the head-dress is very 
peculiar, and evidently made of some richly-embroidered material. 
The dress, too, is much more extreme, consisting of a long 
petticoat, trimmed with fur round the bottom. Over this is 
worn a short frock, with fur round the neck and sleeves, and 
ornamented with jewels round the bottom. This article of dress 
eventually degenerated into the smock-frock still worn in rural 
districts, by persons engaged in agricultural pursuits, the one for 
high days and holidays being very much stitched on the breast, 
collar and shoulders. They are, however, not by any means so 
common as they were a few years ago, and it is quite certain 
they will soon be a thing of the past. A large bunch of some 
flowering shrub is carried, to indicate one of the most lovely 
characteristics of this month, and he carries also a_ hawk, 
indicative of a pastime much in vogue in those times. The idea 
intended to be conveyed is of a festive character, as this month 
was then a time of much rural mirth and gaiety ; and Spenser thus 
writes of May— 


‘* Then came fair May, the fairest maid on ground, 
Deck’d all with dainties of her season’s pride ; 
And throwing flowers out of her lap around : 


Lord ! how all creatures laugh’d when her they spied, 
And leap’d and danc’d as they had ravish’d been, 
And Cupid self about her fluttered all in green. 


We now come to the sixth and last of the series, June, 


_Yepresented in the attire of a husbandman engaged in some 


kind of field labour, but what is the precise kind it is not 


156 STAINED GLASS Ail NORBURY MANOR HOUSE. 


easy to make out. He appears to be plucking up bull-rushes 
by the roots, and uses for the purpose a yery ingenious 
instrument, constructed in such a manner as to obviate much 
stooping and bending of the back. There is a valuable paper 
in Archeologia, vol. xliv., on ‘* Medizeval Representations of 
the Months and Seasons,” hy James Fowler, Esq., F.S.A., from 
Note 29 appended to which we quote the following—Speaking 
of weeding implements he describes them as “a staff, terminating 
in a small fork, with which the weeds are pressed down and 
fixed, was held in one hand, and another staff of equal length, 
terminating in a small sickle-shaped hook, with which they 
were cut off close to the ground was held in the other.” 
Mr. Fowler then further gives a quotation from Palladius 
(lib. i. sub. fin.) where he speaks of “ Falcicule,...... quibus 
solemus abscindere,”’ and also of Runcones. Besides the hoeing 
of corn in the blade, grain crops are weeded, he says, just 
before the time of flowering, either by hand or by means of 
a Runcus (see also Pliny, xvii. 21). Tusser (edit. 1599, xi. 10) 
evidently refers to the same implements under the name of a 
“* weedhooke.” 


‘In May get a weedhooke, a crotch and a glove.” 
In the edition of 1557 (79-80), we have— 


‘“In June get thy weedhoke, thy knife, and thy glove: 
and wede out such wede as the corn doth not love. 
Slack no time thy weding, for darth nor for cheape : 
Thy corn shall reward it, or ever thou reape. 


The maywede doth burne, and the thistle doth freate: 
the Tine pulleth downe both the rye and the wheate. 
The dock and the brake noijeth corn very much: 

but bodle for barley, no weede there is such.” 


It was on account of the weeds which grow so freely in 
this month that, according to Bede (De temp. rat) it was called 
by the Anglo-Saxons—Weyd-monath, or, “ Mensis zizaniorum, 
quod ea tempestate maxime abundant.” ‘‘ Whether this inter- 
pretation is correct or not, it is valuable as being the earliest 
with which we are acquainted, and the one which, probably, was 
generally received subsequently.” For the rest he wears a dress 
similar to those in January and March, only that we should 


STAINED GLASS AT NORBURY MANOR HOUSE. 157 


judge the coat or tunic was made of two colours of cloth. The 
glass is a good deal rubbed in parts, so that it is not quite 
clear ; but there are indications of such stripes, and cloths so 
fashioned were worn. The hat is very similar to one still worn 
and known as the wide-awake, but in other respects the dress is 
the same as those just named. 

It would be interesting to ascertain whether glass representing 
the months exists in any other of our old halls or manor houses, 
as no doubt much of it was used about the date attributed to 
this, and the costumes, being those in use during an entire 
century, would seem to indicate that this was quite a conventional 
way of representing the months coming down from Saxon 
times, or earlier, the dresses, however, being modified as the 
fashions changed. There are so many calendars and other 
MSS. in which the occupations of the months are represented 
in a similar way to those in our plates, as well as on sculptured 
stones, inlaid floors, tiles, wall paintings and wood carvings 
generally accompanied by the signs of the Zodiac, that we 
should not wonder if in some of the windows of our old 
manor houses other examples exist. At present but few examples 
in glass are known ;_ but Mr. Fowler, in the article from which we 
have previously quoted—and to which we refer our readers 
as being full of interest, and in which this subject is exhaus- 
tively treated—has mentioned three small medallions in Dewsbury 
church, Yorkshire, and two others in the Mayor’s parlour at 
Leicester ; and of these he has given coloured plates in the 
Arche@ologia. Besides, there appear to be none known at present 
except those we now lay before our readers. 

It will strike the minds of most observers that it is not a little 
remarkable that quite a revolution has taken place in dress since 
these old panes were painted, that of the labouring class having 
been adopted by the leisured class ; and now we see them used 
by all as being more convenient for these work-a-day times, for 
there has taken place such a change in men and manners that 
now absolute hard work and not amusement has become the 
necessity of all conditions of men, and will continue to be so 


158 STAINED GLASS AT NORBURY MANOR HOUSE. 


until the idler and the frivolous are no longer to be found. The 
great changes wrought during the last fifty years—one of the 
most remarkable periods in the world’s history—by the discovery 
of steam as a motive power, and the consequent greater facilities 
of inter-communication with all parts of the world, have rendered 
universal knowledge of all kinds a real necessity ; and however 
much the mind may be staggered by such immense changes, the 
end of them has not yet come. Still greater and more important 
ones are on the way, as is evident by the advances already made 
in bringing into use the wondrous power of electricity. This 
once accomplished as a motive power—and there seems no limit 
to the changes that will result from it—the advantages in every 
way will be so immense, we again turn our eyes upon these 
pieces of painted glass, and rub them, and wonder whether or 
not this is all a dream. 


een eee , eH 


psony WUE YY AMAT UL ssHTH WHAM SdodoUy 979 


VPIDUPDY AML Y, a 
/ a) 


160 ON AN INCISED SLAB AT ETWALL CHURCH. 


The stone was evidently cut to the memory of both husband 
and wife at the death of the former, and then, as was so often 
the case with similar memorials, the space left for the day, month, 
and year of the wife’s decease never filled in. 

It is most unfortunate that the family name on this inscription 
should be the very word that is so illegible. In 1370 the manor 
of Etwall was conferred on Beauvale Priory, and it was not 
until the Reformation that it was again in lay hands; but we are 
not aware of any family of note resident on the manor during 
that period. 


Plate X 


YET UDB’ UG 


y 
U 


An 
ra) Ce Vt Pe 


: 
iN 


St Solana obut 


alll 09d) VUTUGB 


EUG 


VEEN oN 


oN 


IRCISED GRAVESGODE DISCUVERED DURING hE RESGHRAGIOD 
oF ore ChuRch xo Eouprn we Hucvss 1831. 


— ee 


161 


Pleistocene Depostts of Derbyshire and 
tts tnumedtate Vicinity, 


By Tuomas HEeatTu. 


GIERHAPS those experts who are acquainted with 
the meaning of the term Pleistocene, or Post- 
Pliocene, and the Geological period to which it 
especially refers, will be indulgent enough to bear with me while 
I very briefly explain it to those who have not made geology one 
of their special studies, so that they may be better able to follow 
me in my crude and imperfect remarks upon those Derbyshire 
remains which belong to this period. The difficulty of making 
such a technical abstract account of the “dry bones” of these 
deposits interesting will be obvious. 

As far as I am aware this is the period in which the first 
evidences of man appear; for most of this fauna is ‘‘ well known 
to have been contemporaneous with what is known as Palzolithic 
Man in Europe,” a subject which I shall venture to intrude upon 
the indulgence of the Society on a subsequent occasion. 

It is evident that the climatic conditions of that period differed 
considerably from the present. It covered a long period, in 
which is included our Glacial and Interglacial deposits. As 
Geikie says, ‘‘It was a period characterised by several 
extraordinary changes of climate, and certain considerable 
modifications in the outline of sea and land.” This is most 
obvious, from the fact that among the Pleistocene Mammalia 


- are well-marked Northern and Southern species; and so with 


the plants, and land and fresh water shells. Plant remains are 
not often found because of the nature of the alluvial sands, 


162 PLEISTOCENE DEPOSITS OF DERBYSHIRE. 


gravels, or clays, which principally, if not wholly, constitute this 
deposit, and the proneness of vegetable matter to decomposition. 
Nevertheless many have been discovered, some of which are 
arctic plants, while others belong to a temperate, or even torrid 
zone. The same deposits have contained Mollusca, which it is 
impossible could have existed side by side. In Tuscany they 
have yielded an arbor vite, allied to the common one in 
our gardens, and the walnut. Also the laurel of the Canary 
Islands, a variety of our common laurel. Saporta describes this 
plant as growing on the French shores of the Mediterranean, 
where the orange is cultivated in the open air; its favourite 
locality, however, is the Canary Islands, where it flourishes 
luxuriantly in the woody regions, with a northern exposure, 
between a height of 1,600 feet and 4,800 feet above the sea— 
regions which are nearly always enveloped in steaming vapours, 
and exposed to the heavy rains of winter. Commingled are a 
number of species of pine, some of which have sought refuge in 
the Pyrenees, and in the mountainous regions of Central Europe. 
Remains have also been found of the vine and fig tree. The 
climate must, therefore, have been more temperate and equable 
than it has been even this last winter. We have, indeed, the 
clearest evidence of a genial, humid, and equable temperature at 
this time. On the other hand, the Pleistocene deposits have 
yielded the Arctic Willow, such as are natives of Spitzbergen, 
and high Alpine mosses, which now range north to Lapland and 
Greenland. The results of the investigations of the Mollusca, 
by Tournouér, are exactly analogous to those of Count Saporta 
of the Flora. Such were the climatic alternations of the long 
periods during which these remains were deposited.* 

The first record we have in Derbyshire is in a cave in the 
Mountain Limestone, at 


BALLEYE, 


near Wirksworth, in 1663, when some bones and molar teeth of 
the elephant were found by a miner named George Mower, who 


* Geikie’s Prehistoric Europe, chap. iii. and iv. 


ee oo er. 


PLEISTOCENE DEPOSITS OF DERBYSHIRE. 163 


left an account of the circumstance, which was preserved by 
White Watson, of Bakewell. 
“An Account how the Giant's Tooth was found.” 

“ As they was sinking to find lead oar upon a hill att Bawlee, 
within two miles of Wirksworth, in the Peake, about the year 
1663, they came to an open place as large as a great church, 
found the skeleton of a man standing against the side, rather 
declining. They gave an account that his braine-pan would have 
held two strike of corn, and that it was so big they cou’d not 
get it up the mine they had sunk without breaking it ; being my 
grandfather, Robert Mower, of Woodseats, in the County of 
Derby, had a part of the above said mine, they sent him this 
toothe, with all the tines of it intire, and weighed 4 pound 3 
ounce. Within this 35 years, as Alderman Revel, of Chesterfield, 
and several others now living can justifie, I had the abovesaid 
account from my father, Robert Mower, and one George Mower, 
an old man and cousin of mine as near as I can remember.* 

** Witness my hand, 
* GEORGE MOWER.” 


In a lead mine called the 


DREAM CAVE, 


in the hamlet of Callow, a mile from Wirksworth, some miners, in 
1822, engaged in working a lead vein, sank a shaft about 60 feet, 
when they came to a large cavern filled with loose pebbles, earth, 
and fragments of limestone, through which they continued boring. 
As the shaft descended into the rock below, the loose stone and 
earth began to fall into it. About the middle of this falling 
mass they found a nearly perfect skeleton of a rhinoceros; some 
teeth and bones of a horse, and many entire bones from the legs 
of an ox; also many bones of deer, and pieces of horns. They 
were of a yellowish brown colour. The rhinoceros bones were 

in a high state of preservation, neither gnawed nor broken. They 


* Buckland’s Religuie Diluviane, and Transactions of the Royal Society, 
vol. xxiv. 


164 PLEISTOCENE DEPOSITS OF DERBYSHIRE. 


are now in the Oxford Museum. As the shaft drew off loose 
materials from the cavern, there was a sinking observed in the 
field above, D Fig. 1, which was found to be the mouth of a fissure 


(BucKLAND.) 


Fig. 1.— Section of the Dream Cave. 


opening into the cave below, and down which it was apparent 
the animals had fallen, or been washed by water; which also 
carried down the earth and stones that subsequently filled the 
cave.* 

The late Mr. Edwin Brown saw in the collection of the late 
Mr. Carrington, of Wetton, a portion of a mammoth tusk which 


had been found in 1863 at 
WATERHOUSES. 


Afterwards Mr. Brockbank and others found in the same fissure 
a quantity of bones and decayed flakes of teeth, proving that one 


* Religuie Diluviane, p. 61. 


. 
. 
- 


PLEISTOCENE DEPOSITS OF DERBYSHIRE, 165 


or more mammoth had fallen into the fissure. On careful 
examination, Mr. E. Brown discovered that at some very distant 
period there must have been a swallow hole on the surface of 
the ground of twenty feet long by ten feet wide, narrowing below 
to six feet in width, down the sides of which water had trickled 
and coated them with stalagmite. The fissure was filled up with 
fragments of limestone from the adjacent rocks, rolled boulders 
of grit, and other stones from the country to the north and north 
"west, and a red loamy clay, which it seems were washed there by 
the glacial sea, subsequently to the engulfing of the mammoths, 
the peculiarities of the ground forbidding the supposition that they 
could have been carried there by fresh water streams.* Zhe bones 
not examined have since been identified as those belonging to the 
LTippopotamus and Rhinoceros. 
During the latter part of 1864, 


THOR’S CAVE 


was explored under the supervision of the late Mr. Samuel 
Carrington. It is about four miles from Ilam, its mouth is in the 
north face of a cliff of mountain limestone, at a height of some 25 
feet above the stream below. The roof is lofty, and groined so 
as to give it a Gothic appearance, and it is divided as it were 
into two aisles of buttressed columns. When first entered for the 
purpose of exploration the floor was of clay or red mud, which 
rose at the distance of 40 or 50 feet from the entrance to the 
roof. In this mud were found many tokens of the presence of 
man, in the shape of ornaments and implements of bronze, iron, 
bone, stone, and pottery. Beneath the clay was breccia; and 
under it, in some places, clay again; in this, in a recess at the 
south side, was found the end of a deer’s horn, cut across by 
some rude implement, and perforated with two holes.t These 
are now in the Derby Museum. 

In the Philosophical Transactions, vol. 43, Pp» 265, is an 
_ account ofa human skeleton, and some stags’ horns found near 


* Transactions of the Midland Scientific Association, 1864-5, p. 34. 
+ Transactions of the Midland Scientific Association, 1864-5, p. 1-19. 


166 PLEISTOCENE DEPOSITS OF DERBYSHIRE. 


BAKEWELL. 


They lay about nine yards deep from the surface ; and above and 
around the small cavity in which they were found was a mass of 
rocky petrified substance, or tuft, a yard anda half or more in 
thickness ; but the bones themselves were not petrified, being 
mixed with a soft coarse clay or marl. The ribs were much 
decayed, and the skull crumbled as soon as exposed to the air ; 
the teeth were sound and retained their enamel.* 
In 1832, while draining a bog near 


MIDDLETON, 


the workmen found many bones of animals, and an entire human 
skeleton of a young adult female ; the bones’ were black from the 
action of the tannin in the peaty soil. The remains, unfor- 
tunately, were not preserved.t The late Mr. Thomas Bateman 
obtained teeth of a large bear from Monsal Dale, near Litton, 
and the bones of the rhinoceros, horse, and red deer, from 
Lathkiln Dale. About 1863 Dr. Ransome discovered, in a deep 
fissure in the magnesian limestone, near Mansfield Woodhouse, 
the lynx, wolf, bison, reindeer, and roedeer. ‘‘ Finds” continued 
to be made, from time to time, in small fissures, river gravel, and 
drift deposits, of the lower jaw and molar of Zvephas Meridionalis, 
in a cutting on the Midland Railway, near Clay Cross; of milk, 
molar, and bones of the woolly rhinoceros, bones of bison, carpal 
of mammoth, and a tooth of a boar at Hartle Dale; of the 
reindeer at Bardwell, and the mammoth at Dove Holes. In Cave 
Dale, immediately under the walls of Peverel Castle, on the south 
side, were found, besides interesting implements of man, the Ce/¢zc 
shorthorned ox, goat, red deer, hog, horse, wolf, fox, badger, dog, 
cat, hare, rabbit, duck, fowl, water rat, and shrew. t In 1874, the 
same enthusiastic explorer, Mr. Rooke Pennington, B.A., F.G.S., 
etc., commenced to work out a fissure in 


* Reliquary, vol. 1, 1860-1, p. 227. + Lbzd. p. 228. 
+ Pennington’s Barrow and Bone Caves of Derbyshire, p. 87. 


+ 


ee 


PLEISTOCENE DEPOSITS OF DERBYSHIRE. 167 


WINDY KNOLL 


Quarry, near Castleton. This fissure, when traced to the 
bottom, proved to be a basin filled with clay, small blocks of 
stone, and the bones of animals. This rock-basin apparently was 
a swallow hole, which had filled with water and become a pool ; 
and to it, as Prof. B. Dawkins surmises with much probability, 


vast numbers of animals had gone to drink, especially bison and 


reindeer, as they made their yearly migration “ from the pastures 
of the valley of Hope, over the Pennine Chain into the plains of 
Cheshire, the two passes of the Winnetts and Mam Tor con- 
verging at that point.” Judging by the way in which the bones 
were found, “ with their proper articular surfaces together, . . . 
and dorsal vertebrze in a continuous chain,” it is evident that they 
had been drowned when crowding together; others, especially 
the young ones, of which there were large numbers, may have 
fallen a prey to the carnivora that followed them, as bones of the 
bear, wolf, and fox are numerous; there were also found a few 
remains of the hare. 


(Boyp Dawkins.) 


Fig. 2.—Zast and West Section through Windy Knoll Fissure. 


(Scale 20 feet to 1 inch.) 
I3 


168 PLEISTOCENE DEPOSITS OF DERBYSHIRE. 


(C.) Clayey debris forming the summit, without bones, and 
probably rubbish piled up when the quarry close by 
was worked at that level. ... ae ar +. SeCIeee 
(B.) Yellow clay, with large blocks of limestone, fragments 
of Voredale shale washed down from the adjoining 
heights of Mam Tor, bits of elastic bitumen, or 
elaterite, and of fluor spar, derived from the deposits 
of those minerals close by, together with bones of 
bison, reindeer, wolf, fox, and grisly bear ... Reriaas > 
(A.) Below this a stiff, yellow loam, without any fossil 
remains, rested on the surface of the limestone.* ... 4 5, 

This deposit was probably subsequent to that of Creswell, as 
no remains of the mammoth or woolly rhinoceros were found, 
and must, therefore, be referred to the late Pleistocene Age. 

With the rival claims for the priority of this important dis- 
covery I have nothing to do. It is alleged that it was made by 
Mr. Rooke Pennington in 1870. If so, it is a great misfortune 
for science that he was unable to work it out before 1874, since 
considerable depredations were committed by farmers and 
quarrymen—by the former, who are stated to have carted the 
bones away for manure, and by the latter, some of whom 
informed me they had been in the habit for years of carrying 
them home for the ‘“‘owd ’oman to sell ta’te ragman for a pint 
o’ beer.” It is to be regretted that the peculiar nature of, and 
interest attached to, these bones were not more fully realised by 
these people. Whether they were merely duplicates. of the 
remains of similar animals to those subsequently discovered, or 
whether they might have added considerable and important species 
to the Fauna of Windy Knoll, is a problem that can never be 
satisfactorily solved now. 

The first intimation the public received of this find was in a 
paper read on April 28th, 1874, before that remarkably intelligent 
and impartial Society, locally known as the Manchester Geological 
Society, by my friend Mr. John Plant, F.G.S., curator of the 


* « Quart. Jour. Geo. Socy.,” Vol. 33, No. 132, page 725. 


a 


—- 


a a 


were 
——« 


PLEISTOCENE DEPOSITS OF DERBYSHIRE. 169 


Royal Museum, Salford, to whom several students from Owen’s 
College had taken a number of bones for identification, which 
had been found by them in this fissure during a geological tour, 
either in the latter part of 1873 or early in 1874. Messrs. 
Pennington and Dawkins’ first paper was read before the Geological 
Society, at Burlington House, May, 1875. Who first recognised 
the real scientific value of this important and fertile fissure is 
_mere hypothesis, but to Mr. Plant and the students, undoubtedly, 
belong whatever honour there may be in being the first to make 
it known to the scientific world ; an honour that is enhanced by 
their perfect ignorance of Mr. Pennington’s alleged previous 
discovery in 1870. 
The next important find was at 


CRESWELL CRAGS. 

In about 1870 a labourer of the name of Woodhead, of Langwith, 
found a small mammoth tooth here. It is a beautiful ravine on 
the north-eastern border of Derbyshire, 9 miles from Mansfield 
and 6 from Worksop and Shireoaks. At its base is a large 
_ fish-pond, which divides the counties of Notts. and Derby ; it is 
supplied by springs rising in the limestone above, and on its 
surface reflects the beautifully-wooded cliffs, which in some places 
rise to a height of 60 feet. These cliffs of magnesian limestone 
of the lower permian have many fissures, in one of which, in 1872, 
the late Mr. Frank Tebbet found a lower molar of the rhinoceros 
tichorhinus, in the cave now known as the Church Hole. The 
late Dr. Bergener (of Worksop), Mr. Bailey (of Mansfield), and 
others made finds here until April, 1875, when the Rey. J. M. 
Mello visited the caves for the first time. Subsequently, after 
working four days at the mouth of the Pin Hole, he discovered 
the remains of the following animals :— 


FTomo. Hyena spelea. Rhinoceros tichorhinus. 
_ Ursus sp? Cervus megaceros. Elephas primigentus. 
Gulo luscus. — tarandus. Lepus timidus. 
Canis Vulpes. Ovis. Arvicola, 
— lupus. Bos primigenius. A bird sp? 
— lagopus. Lquus caballus. Fish sp ?* 


* Quat. Jour. Geo. Socty., Vol. 31, No. 124, p. 683. 


170 PLEISTOCENE DEPOSITS OF DERBYSHIRE, 


Early in the following July, I began to assist Mr. Mello. 
After working out the Pin Hole, we began in what is called 
Robin Hood’s Cave. 


Fig. 3. 


yoy 


ummm! 4 * gm" 


SectionA i Section 


lf 
Yy i yyy y 7) I . 0 


y 
Y) 


First, large blocks of limestone were removed from the mouth 


of the cave, then a section cut across down to the floor; for 
some little distance this averaged about 2 feet, then run out. So 
far there were no native layers. It produced rhinoceros bones, 
one jaw, four canines of hyzena, a human incisor, broken frag- 
ments of Roman pottery, and numerous remains of recent animals. 
After removing a large block of limestone from the east side, 
there appeared a fissure, in which was a layer of cave-earth con- 
taining the lower jaw, tarsus, metacarpal and humerus, and other 
fragments of the Irish elk; there was no trace of gnawing on 
these bones. Returning to the point where the section ran out, 


PLEISTOCENE DEPOSITS OF DERBYSHIRE. 171 


there was a sudden dip in the floor, and rise in the surface soil 
along both sections A and B in Fig. 3; also asthick layer of 
stalagmite, which encrusted the whole of the west side for about 
30 feet, and was from 12 to 30 inches in thickness. Under this 
was a thick bed of breccia. About four feet from this point was 
a thin layer of stalagmite, averaging from one to three inches in 
thickness ; this overlay a thin bed of cave earth which gradually 
increased. About three feet further it was covered with another 
thin layer of stalagmite, much more irregular in thickness than 
the one above. This covered a thin layer of red clayey sand. 
A beautiful escarpment was thus laid bare in the following layers, 
25 feet from the entrance, about letter A in Fig. 3. 


Fig. 4. 
i ahs 1. Surface soil. 
2. Stalagmite. 
2... -Brecéla: 
4. Stalagmite. 
5- Cave earth. 
6. Stalagmite. 


7. Red sand. 

In the surface soil were fragments of Roman pottery and 
Samian ware, some beautiful enamelled fibula brooches, a small 
gnawing tool, a rudely-carved bone ornament, and a long amber 
bead; in this layer were also found remains of the following 
animals :— 


Wild Cat (Fe/ts catus). Bos longifrons® 

Marten (JZustela martes). Sheep or goat. 

Meles taxus. Horse (Zguus caballus). 
Dog ( Canis familiares). Hog (Sus scrofa). 

Fox (C /upus). Hare (Lepus timidus). 
Red-deer (Cerus elaphus) Rabbit (L cuntculus). 


The stalagmite of the top layer (which in one place reached the 
stalactite, and joined the whole to the roof—A Fig. 3) had per- 
colated through the crevasses in the breccia, and cemented it 
into a solid mass. It was very prolific in flint flakes and chips, 
with several cores; also some interesting flint and quartzite 


I72 PLEISTOCENE DEPOSITS OF DERBYSHIRE. 


implements were found, several being of superior workmanship ; 
also numerous teeth and fragments of bones of the hyena, 
rhinoceros, and reindeer. The cave earth was the most 
productive of remains of both Pleistocene Mammalia and man. 
No species were found in the caves that did not also occur in 
this formation, some in great abundance, such as horse teeth, 
teeth and jaws (some very perfect) of the hyena, teeth and 
gnawed bones of the Ahinoceros tichorhinus, bones and teeth of 
the reindeer, a jaw and several teeth of the Irish elk, and some 
teeth of the cave lion, bear, and wolf. There were implements 
of quartzite and ironstone, some of considerable finish ; some 
resembling the ‘Choppers of Le Moustier, Le Madelaine, and 
of the British river gravels;” others like those at St. Acheul. 
The red sand contained comparatively few bones, and those, as 
a rule, very fragile—some being so far decomposed as to crumble 
as soon as touched. Intermingled with it were large patches of 
tough laminated clay, the sand around which contained much 
more moisture. Here the bones were in the best condition, and 
generally perfectly black, the most fragile being in the dryest 
places. In this bed I found three milk molars of Zlephas 
primigenius, several very perfect lower jaws of the hyzena : the 
most numerous were the bones of the rhinoceros, all gnawed 
down to one pattern, and the marrow portions scooped out at 
both ends. The teeth of the latter, as also those of the horse, 
were promiscuously scattered throughout the whole of this 
formation. Teeth and fragments of antlers of the reindeer were 
also found, and one molar of the bison. Some rude quartzite 
implements were found as well. 

It will thus be seen that in this interesting series we have seven 
distinct periods, which illustrate the gradual development from 
the rudely-wrought implements of the first Paleolithic hunter to 
the artistic relics of the British-Welsh refugees. Thus, the red 
sand containing the rude quartzite implements was intermingled 
with the remains of the rhinoceros, mammoth, and other extinct 
animals. Then a layer of stalagmite, during the formation of 
which the cave was evidently uninhabited. Next the cave earth, 


ES eS ee 


! 


PLEISTOCENE DEPOSITS OF DERBYSHIRE. 178 


in which we find quartzite implements of superior workmanship 
to those in the layer below, and some very good implements of 
wrought clay ironstone. Flint chips and fine flakes begin to 
appear in all stages of wear. These are again intermingled with 
'a similar fauna to the one in the layer below. The reindeer, 
which had been scarce, here becomes numerous; the bison and 
Irish elk also begin to increase ; the cave lion, bear, and wolf 
appear for the first time. Then the second stalagmatic formation, 
representing another passive period, when the caves were again 
deserted. We then come to the breccia, and find flint instruments 
of a still higher order; and quartzite implements, similar to those 
found in the layer below, begin here to die out. These are 
again intermingled with a similar fauna. We have then another 
long period of repose during the formation of the top stalagmite, 
which in some places is of considerable thickness, and upon 
which is a superficial layer of surface soil, which produced a harp- 
shaped Romano-British brooch, richly enamelled; a flat lamina 
of bronze, pierced at one end; a carved head of the femur of the 
horse or ox, for the boss of the hilt of a sword or dagger ; 
fragments of Samian ware and Roman pottery, and a few human 
remains. These bring the history of the inhabitants of these 
caves up to what is known as the Historic Age, the whole 
representing a period of time whose length it would be unwise to 
conjecture. From some fragments of pottery found, in which 
were embedded fragments of limestone, Professor Boyd Dawkins 
considers they “may imply that the cave was used as a shelter 
by Neolithic tribes as well as by Paleolithic hunters and Romano- 
British refugees.” 

The entrance to the Church Hole Cave (Fig. 5) had evidently 
been used at a very recent period either as a stable or cowhouse, 
the breccia and cave earth being mixed with straw and litter. 
About twelve feet from the entrance was discovered the largest 
molar of the Zvephas primigenius found in the caves. It was 
eleven inches in width, by nine inches in height. It is now in 
the Derby Museum. Near this were three molars of the mam- 
moth, and three bone needles. Chamber B had previously been 


PLEISTOCENE DEPOSITS OF DERBYSHIRE, 


174 


: 
se 


) 


Z 


. 


a7, 


© 


' 
{ 
\ 


PLEISTOCENE DEPOSITS OF DERBYSHIRE. 175 


disturbed in three places. From the entrance there was a sudden 
dip of the richest bed of cave earth we worked. In the centre, 
about 18 inches from the surface, it was one mass of the remains 
of rhinoceros, reindeer, horse, mammoth, and a few of the bear, 
wolf, and bison. All the bones were very much gnawed. Out of 
over a cart-load (the result of one day’s work) there were only 
four whole ones—i.e., two phalanges, one tarsus, and one meta- 
carpal. The rhinoceros bones were in large numbers, and were 
gnawed down to the well-known pattern. There were also a large 
number of the teeth and fragments of the antlers of the reindeer. 
Though more remains of the mammoth were found here than 
anywhere else, we did not find an adult. Plates and fragments 
of the milk molars were found in profusion, and also several whole 
milk teeth, and part of a tusk, too fragile to secure whole. The 
jaws and teeth of the hyzena were found in the greatest profusion. 
Working from the middle of this chamber, the cave earth became 
cemented into a tough, stubborn breccia, which gradually ran out 
to the front, but at the back into a deep, narrow fissure. After 
working through about five feet of breccia, which was quite as 
prolific as the other part of the cave, we penetrated the fissure at 
the back for about six feet, coming upon a bed of red sand, 
amongst which very few remains were found. In all, I could 
determine the remains of 116 different animals, the result of this 
day’s work ; of this number, no less than 72 were hyzna. It is 
evident from the immense number and gnawed condition of the 
bones, and the large quantity of jaws and teeth of the hyzena, 
minus any bones of this animal, that this chamber was once the 
lair of the hyzena, advantage being taken of the privacy afforded 
to place the prey where it could be devoured at leisure. We did 
not find the least trace of implements or any remains of man, so 
that we may reasonably conclude that the occupants of this 
_ chamber were too persistent and demonstrative to permit their 
privacy to be even temporarily invaded by the Palzolithic hunter, 
as their roving contemporaries across the river had evidently done. 
Next day I finished this chamber, with the exception of a thick 
breccia adhering to the wall at the latter part of the cave. 


176 PLEISTOCENE DEPOSITS OF DERBYSHIRE. 


Although Chamber C was worked out to the extreme end, 
nothing more of additional interest was discovered.* 

In November, 1878, the cave called Mother Grundy’s Parlour 
was explored, under the supervision of Mr. Knight, of Owen’s 
College. It had previously been disturbed by a Creswell man, 
whose wife is said to have dreamt that treasure was hidden there. 
Below the surface soil was light red cave-earth, which contained 
the remains of bison, reindeer, bear, wolf, fox, and hyzna; also a 
few rudely chipped quartzite pebbles, and other Paleolithic 
implements. Beneath this were red clay and ferruginous sand, 
which overlay the lowest strata of white sand. In the ferruginous 
sand were found the remains of fauna hitherto undiscovered in 
these caves, namely, “fragments of the skull and other bones of 
hippopotamus, and teeth of rhinoceros leptorhinus of Owen, along 
with numerous skulls and jaws of hyena, and some remains of 
bison.” The hippopotamus skull was broken probably in the 
previous digging. The red clay was very stiff, and contained the 
remains of hyzena, bison, hippopotamus, and rznoceros leptorhinus. 
At the far end of the cave there were blocks of limestone in the 
clay, and bones of bison wedged in between them. It will thus 
be seen that in the red clay and ferruginous sand were found the 
hippopotamus and leptorhine rhinoceros, the hyzena and bison, 
but no trace of man, the reindeer, or horse. In the red sand 
above these were the mammoth, woolly rhinoceros, horse, reindeer, 
hyzena, and implements of Paleolithic man.t+ The importance 
of the discoveries at Creswell Caves can only be considered 
second in importance in England, and is due chiefly to the energy 
and enterprise of the Rev. J. M Mello. The annexed table will 
show them to have been the most fertile by far in the county :— 


* Quat. Geo. Jour. Soc., Vols. 31, 32, 333; Nos. 124, 127, 1313 pp. 679, 
240, and 579; and Heath’s Bone Caves of Creswell, and Creswell Caves, v. 
Prof. Boyd Dawkins. 

t+ Quat. Geo. Jour. Soc., Vol. 35 ; Nos. 140, 724. 


PLEISTOCENE DEPOSITS OF DERBYSHIRE. 


177 


TABLE SHOWING DISTRIBUTION OF PLEISTOCENE 


ANIMALS IN DERBYSHIRE. 


The mark + shows the locality in which each animal has been found. 


Man 

Oni!" irs 

Cave Lion (Felis spelea) 
Leopard (Felis pardis) 

Lynx (Felis lynx) Ait: 
Wild Cat (Fe/ts catus) 
Hyzena (Hyena spelea) 
Wolf (Canis lupus) 

Fox (Canis vulpes) 

Arctic Fox (Canis lagopus). . 
Glutton (Gzlo duscus).. .. 
Brown Bear (Uyrswus arctos).. 


Grizzly ,, (Ursus ferox) .. 


Shrew? .. ae "i 


Water Vole (Arvicola amphibius) 


Mammoth (Z/ephas primigenius) 
Elephant (Zvephas meridionalis) 


Rhinoceros (2. tichorhinus) ee 


+5 (R. leptorhinus) 
Horse (Zguzus caballus) 

», (£. fossilis ?) 
Hippopotamus (4. major) .. 
Wild Boar (Sws scrofa) 
Reindeer (Cervus terandus) 
Bison (B. priscus) .. 

Trish Elk (Cervus megaceros) 
Red Deer (C. elephus) 
Roe Deer (C. capreolus) 


Bakewell 


au 


Bardwell. 


| Castleton. 
Clay Cross. 


+ + 


+ + + + 


Dove Holes. 


Creswell. 


+ 


+++ ++ + 4+ + 


B 


Lathkiln Dale 


Middleton. 


+ 


Monsal Dale. 
Pleasley. 


| 
ee 
| 


+ + 


bs 


Thor’s Cave. 
Waterhouses. 
| Wirksworth, 


178 PLEISTOCENE DEPOSITS OF DERBYSHIRE. 


I have deliberately omitted Aachatrodies latideus, because of the 
impossibility of its really belonging to the Creswell fauna, as 
stated by Prof. B. Dawkins,* since the reasons there adduced 
have been sufficient to justify Dr. Geikie in omitting it from his 
work, Prehistoric Europe. 


* Heath’s Creswell Bone Caves, and Creswell v. Prof. B. Dawkins. 


—— =. ~  -— O”* 


179 


Uta inter. 


A POEM BY CHARLES COTTON. 


CONTRIBUTED BY W. BEMROSE. 


Bet is believed that the following poem, in the autograph 
of Charles Cotton, here reproduced in fac-simile, has 
never been published. The great intimacy which existed 
between Izaak Walton and Charles Cotton, and the connection 
of the former with Derbyshire, are sufficient reasons for the insertion 
of the poem in the Society’s Journal. Grainger says of Charles 
Cotton—“ This ingenious and accomplished gentleman was son 
of that Charles Cotton whose portrait is so finely drawn by Lord 
Clarendon, in the excellent group of his friends, in the memoirs 
of his own life. He was educated at Cambridge, where he was 
esteemed one of the ornaments of that University. He was a 
great master of the modern languages, particularly of the French, 
from which, among other things, he has translated the “ Horace ” 
of Corneille, the ‘* Life of the Duke of Epernon,” and Montaigne’s 


“ Essays.” The last of these translations was deservedl 
, y y 


applauded. He also translated several of Lucian’s dialogues 
into English, and some poems from Horace, Catullus, ete. He 
was author of a poem on “ The Wonders of the Peak,” and 
other original pieces. The most celebrated of his works is his 
* Virgil Travestie,” in which he so far succeeded as to be deemed 
next to Butler in burlesque ; but the reader, upon comparing 
these two authors, will find a very great disparity in their 


_ characters. He was sociable, hospitable, and generous ; but as 


he was far from being an economist, he, in the latter part of his 
life, was much involved in debt, and perpetually harassed with 
duns, attornies, and bailiffs.” 


180 WINTER. 
Witte 
Yluk, bask $ bant-yf Petaried. soot 


te how fi kaoky 
“And wih acu ea SAerart J 
(Reifftli x2 billowt om Ge bens as 


ug yh feorrnd, af ffl, tnt 
f3 ve ae al, in, 


ut a a . LAS, borrd 
pia Boal, apna yt 
fad bere fe frat? fo mr 


ip Prabtrs Fark (bre wd mee ie) 


(fit Si ame had 
de try of Praha: 


HOSE HY ri hear t- persdocd 
parton 
is San Mord oa Srswnd), 


fap nace Zi ae 


WINT 18: 


SA dur fess dot Nee vine 
5 le Lipo le fe Me bes 


passa 
“Wyte nbd Sea ad sh eg 


oa oo Mrurlame rity 
WL Sg ee 


ess | Marte Sap 
| sancti fact pe 


IES PP Lhfy male 


182 WINTER. 


pe 
Lt pay fedind bid hb hrvrsy 


Lite Hide HO abooy for ward: 


Male yt oka l- Srotry, 
yee rE fs i 
aes 


Vi 

WuMk sats Cas, © plywia Of 
ae ley fade beg Maat 
oped las of (hove Furrgoe chant 
po aig Meant Gyt (bath 

/ 

ake, hart oF raft Moca oaket ws 

a: papiary fhahe;’ “ 
fat wht [heifer florawd, d- heb-enpyg Alans 


WINTER. 183 


Jad $08 yt bas brads) Lakes 
gf alah thang trey if hit 


i ee 
i abel 


th benkarly,  4tPH 
das Yh: 
‘eds eee, 


ghrre CLS ane su 
oh fein i haf res 


brkol uy hace fi Rev beth, 
<2 diam ert 
ud oof oh 


a nen door Hom ! ty us owe 
Y puttell intr 4 were, ) 
linkers oft hp Ges $ring Fram 
Hosa malic arngage rr? ye mane. 


dee aie M7 muruk ofyrost, 


wi flak, 5 ‘ok anguatrs uals 
pe Ne: WHR farther ros 
en Ge HS ee 


é 
[park hors tee erat te wee 


he ee od sare 
Pai oic Tey E hes 
pla os eet aie 7m 
jrhefe Cite soib ou fottine Hecnh 
) hed yan. — 
fy TD an econ 
ered © an 


bee 


S/ . : 
Wrvie laursds7 por tbo lore hy 
Peeks re kes ; 
22 


a? 
Pohowe capa ate faddy sf laary pass 
the ets mg aD Se boost, 
thence hpunsyy plebt, gy; mnths trkige freve 
Spun Loom a Snouty frrountowig (Eee 
oe 


Your pans art brit card glofs 


fer, fer ! iieceo Aohh : 
MW hulfiak HOU musnepoud fark yb ground 
frorsd.yud-an Acllovs Pnivmering spun d., 


186 WINTER. 


op 
1 C fre stvaneth Last 
eae liu a 
lire af jipatete Meth 


(an nabkor hora, nor Kor foth. 


hg yar 
: Lagi ge 
uty Yh yor, rrhere $ oB 


bfall bess be oft 
yg te et biaee: 


Gvr4 omy 
Lier ae Bila — 


Van, parr hn ph ool Saag oss blared 
Sate ag W pi ie Sr 


Pai fo yf 
an PP ha foe SEO 


WINTER, 187 


43 
Whdlfene Mogador j ‘oval he4— 
(Canly , f cround 1 at “tk; 
prkure Nhs Peal nywidy tor fice ud Rome, 
y fam cyl a idle Shull spam, 


— W-otk fharle rb alk the friends 
fade ya f i id ares 
i itn de hi 
ot ag 


fact ls wei actly 
Ponisbs je ak ee ire 


wy) ere lubo ar 
Me Refe qhegeil ef Ne hres 


DE afd vhs 159, is ead 


ees es shot (rd 


Pp ess bo, 


i188 WINTER. 


49. | 
Lhes shalt o' face Sot edkars god?’ » 
dRbfe- wee oho Kavt oll we Later 
For, fr from Cney and fr ex’ 
hub mrorD oe bee Fuk we use 
xo 
pial ie POS Liiett prutice 7 
of bor A prejawt us pr tongs }hth . 
Iprenisyp® trod Bowe, or ari lar acpaddee 
ea) | 
Yhon. Chr asrirber tahoe Ad connhe, 
tf here abide lh Re be foarke, 


ob Cotton, 


189 


- 


INDEX OF NAMES AND PLACES. 


A. 
Abbot, Mr. (Sheffield), 


77 
Addy, Mr., 85 
Ade, Johanna, 18 
Alkmunton, 19, 20 
All Saints’, Derby, 


46, 141 
All Saints’ Goal, 149 
Allebroke, John, 15 
Almunton, Hugo de, 5 
Antiphonarium, The, 


134 
Architectural Periods, 
92,354, 5 
Architectural Periods, 
of, at Hope Church 
Chancel, 89 
Ashburne, 49 
Ashover, 48, 50 
Auricularium, The, 


137 


B. 


Babington Lane, Old 
Gatehouse in, 144 
Babington, Thomas, 34 

Bacoun, Richard, 20 

Badger, 63 
Badgerlane, 63 

Bag Lane, 63 
Bagshaw, 63 
Bagthorpe, 63 
Bailey, Geo., 152 
Bakewell, 166 
Baldekyn, The, 131 
Baldkinus, The, 131 
Balleye, 162, 3 


Barwardcote, or 
Barrowcote, 20 

Basset, Dan Ralph, 122 

Basset, William, 52 

Bassetwood, 65 

Bate, William, 3 

Bath Abbey, Church 
of, 88 

Bee, The, 74 

Beardsley, Mr., 144 

Bearley, 65 

Bearwardcote, 65 

Beauchief Abbey, 23, 
24, 25, 34, 60 

Beavers, 58 

Becket Well, Derby, 
147 

Beeley, 74 

Beelow, 74 | 

Belper, 63 

Bentley, John de, 21 

Berkeley, Dan Thos. 
de, 120, 130 

Beryl, The, 130 

Beverlee, 68 

Beverley, 58 

Beverston, 58 

Bickersteth, Ed., 
D.D., 81 

Birds, 68 

Blackwall, Richard, 49 

Blythebroke, Robt., 2 

Books at Lichfield, 124 


Booth, Thomas, 41 
Booth, Wm., Arch- 
bishop of York, 25 
Bosco, William de, 

121, 2 
Boulton, 142 
Brasses, Monumental, 
48 


Bretby, Wm. de, 21 
Brock Holes, 64 
Brockhurst, 64 
Brockley, 64 
Brockwood, 64 
Buckley, Lord, 44 
Buckston, Henry, 76, 
80, 81, 104 
Bulhay, 60 
Bullingbroke, Lord, 
di 


Cc: 


Calver, 60 

Canary Islands, 161 

Candelabrum Paschale, 
The, 137 

Cantilupe, Thomas de, 
122, 132 


Capet, Hugh, 58 
Castle Fields’ Hall, 
Derby, 144 


Castleton, 167, 171 
Catcliffe, 62 
Catgreave, 62 
Cathole, 62 
Cats, 62 
Cats’ Tor, 62 
Cavendish, Lord Geo, 
Hy. Augustus, 143 
Chalice, Phials, and 
Thuribles, 120 
Chambers, Dame, 145 
Chancel, Hope Church, 
ey 85, 86, 87, 88, 90, 


Chasubles at Lichfield, 
123 
Chat Moss, 74 


Igo INDEX OF NAMES AND PLACES. 


Chaworth, Thos., 23, 
24, 26 

Chesterfield, 49, 50, 63 

Chirchesomersale, 17, 
18 

Church Broughton, 64 

Church Hole Cave and 
section, 173 

Church Somersale, or 
Somersale Herbert, 
21 

Clare, Lady Elizabeth 
de, 54 

Cloths & Palls at Lich- 
fleld, 122 

Clyfe, Roger de, 23 

Cockbridge, 71 

Cock-fighting, 72 

Cockpit Hill, 72, 144 

Cockshead, 71 


Cockshut (Dronfield), - 


71 

Cockwell, 71 

Cockayne, George, 50 

Coke, Edward, 143 

Coke; 10747 

Cold Aston, 26 

Collectarium, The, 134 

Coneycroft, 63 

Conyngsburgh, Alan 
de, 118 

Cook, Richard, 13 

Cooke, Sir Edward, 43 

Copes at Lichheld, 121 

Copper Seal at Darley 
Abbey, 106 

Cornere, William de la, 
122 

Cotton, arms, 51 

Cowdale, 60 

Cowley, 60 

Cowlow, 60 

Cox, Arthur, 76, fo4 

Cox; Rev. J. Charles, 
57, 80, 84, 86, 87, 
90, 104, 107, I12, 
141 

Crane (ye/ds), 70 

Creke, Lady, 54 

Creswell Crags 169 

Crosses at Lichfield, 


119 
Crowden and Crow- 
chine, 70 


Crowshawe Lectures, 
141 

Cuckoo Haven (Eck- 
ington), 73 


Cuckoo Stone or Cuc- 
koo Geac (Matlock), 


72 
Cuckstool Mill (St. 
Mary’s Gate, Derby), 


73 

Cudworth, 26 

Cunegeston, Henry Ce, 
20 

Curzon, Richard de, 
19 


D. 


Dadrebury, Thomas, 
121 

Dale Abbey, 50, 154 

Darby, Mr., 146 

Darley Abbey, 34, 106 

Darley, The, 75 

Dawcanks, 66 


Deer, 66 

Degge, Sir Simon, 
144 

Deping, John, 118 

Derby, 68 

Derby, Custom of Ring- 


ing Bells in, 143 
Derby Football, 149 
Derby, John de, 123 
Derby, Old Jottings 

about, 141 
Derwent, The, 71 
Doe Lea, 66 
Doehill, 66 
Doewood, 66 
Dog, 62 
Dovebridge or Dove- 

ridge, 21 
Dowel, 66 
Drakelow, 73 
Drayton, John de 

Whelesburgh de, 13 
Dream Cave (Derby- 

shire), and Section, 

163 
Dronfield, 33, 48 
Druids’, Religion of, 


72 
Ducking Stool, 73 
Duffield, 47 
Dunchurch, Robert de, 

ri 022) 
Dungworth, Avicia de, 

23 
Durrant Green, 68 
Durwood Tor, 68 

\ 


E. 


Eagle, 69 

Eagle Tor, 69 

Eaglestone Flat, 69 

Earn Hill, 69 

Earncroft, 69 

Eaton Oid Hall, 20 

Edlestall, 41 

Edrech, John, 14 

Edward IV., 123 

Edward of Carnarvon, 
King, 122 

Edward III., 122, 125 

Ecclesfield, 32 

Egglesfield, 36 

Ehysbury, John  Pal- 
kocke de, 2 

Elk, 58 

Ellison, Nathaniel, 106 

Ellock, Low, 58 

Elvaston, 39 

English Province, Re- 
cords of, 128 

Etwall, 49 

Etwall Church, Incised 
Slab at, 158 

Etwall, Manor of, 159 

Everdon, Philipde, 122 

Exeter Bridge, Derby, 
145 

Exeter House, Derby, 
146 

Exmoor. 66 

Eyre, Philip, 48 


EF. 


Falconer, Arms, 51 
Fenny Stratford, 46 
Ferrars, William de, 


19 
Fitzherbert, Arms, 51 
Fitzherbert, Charters, 1 
Fitzherbert, Rev. Reg. 
Fes eae 
Foljambe, C. G.S., 59 
Foljambe, Henry, 26 
Fowler, Mr. Jas., 154, 
157 
Fowley, Rev. J. T., 107 
Foxenwood, 64 
Foxholes, 64 
Foxlow, 64 
Fraunces, Robt., 22 
Froggatt, 74 
Full St., Derby, 146 


a 


INDEX OF NAMES AND PLACES, 1g! 


G. Wing 


Gaol, Old Town, in 
Cornmarket, 145 
Garbutt, H. R., 106 
Gell, Sir P., 47 
Gladwin, Thos., 42 
Glossaries, 73 
Goatford, 60 
Goat’s Cliff, 60 
Gomfrey, Thos., 48 
Gotham, 60 
Gotherage, 60 
Greaves, Robt., 27, 33 
Greenhill, 25 
Gresham, James, 25 
Grubbe, John, 28 


H. 


Haddon, 74 
Hadfield, 74 
Hakslow, 69 
Harefield, 63 
Harehill, 63 
Harpedale, John, 12 
Harry, 63 
Harthill, 66 
Hartshay, 66 
Hartshorn, 66 
Hathersage, 49, 50 


Hatton, 19 

Hayward, Edmund, 14 

Heanor, 63 

Heath, Thos., 161 

Heinrich, Dr., 72 

Henclose, 71 

Hengham, Ralph de, 
131 

Henlow, 71 

Henmore, 71 

Henry, 125 

Henry IV., 153 

Henshaw, 71 

Herebert, Wm., 5 

Herne Close, 70 

Hernmore, 70 

Hernside, 70 

Hernstone, 70 

Heron or Hern, 70 

Hill Somersall, 21 

Hindlow, 66 

Holbeche, Ralph de, 


125 

Hope Church, 76 to 
139 

Hope, John, 143 


Hope, Origin of name, 


144 
Hope, Rev. W., 141 
Hope, W. H. St. John, 
48, 77, 78, 79, 80, 
107, 141, 154 
Hopping Mill, 70 
Horsley, 41, 58 
Horses, 58 
Hounsfield, 62 
Hull, Suffragan Bishop 
of, 48 
Hundow, 62 
Hymnarium, The, 134 


uf 


Irons for Stamping, 137 

Insects, Places named 
from, 74 

Irvine, J. T., 87-8, 91, 
102 


J. 


Jackson, Charles, 23 
Jackson, Rev. Roger, 1 
Jewels at Lichfield, 120 


K. 


Keene, Mr., 87, 90 

Kid Close, 60 

Kid Tor, 60 

Kynder, Arthur, 34 

Kynerdesley, Henry, 17 

Kyngeston, Wm. ae, 8 

Kyngestonlehees, Wm. 
des7 

Kynnersley, or Kyner- 
desley, 22 


L, 


Langedon, Walter de, 
120, 121 
Lansdown, Lord, 44 
Leader, J. D., 139 
Lee, Thom. de le, 21 
Lee, Walter de, 6 
Legenda, The, 134 
Leicester, Wm. de, 127 
Lenton Monastery, 61 
Lenton, Wm. de, 125 


Lichfield Cathedral, 88, 


90, 107 
Lichfield, Dean of, 84, 
85, 87, 91 
Lightwood, John, 24 
Linta, 73 
Littlewood, Thos., 36 
Longford, 20 
Longford, Sir Ralph, 
52 
Loxley, 21 
Lundrethorp, John de, 
118 


M. 


Mackley, 20 

Mam Tor, 168 

Marchington, 20 

Mareschall, Roger le, 
I2I 

Mareschall, Dan Rich- 
ard, 118 

Market Place, Old 
house in, 146 

Marston Montgomery, 
19, 20 

Marten, 62 

Martinside, 62 

Martyrologium, 
136 

Mass, The, 135 

Matlock and Tansley, - 
49, 41 

Mayster, Henry, 17 

Melbourn, Dan John 
de, 118 

Mellor, Hy., 143-4 

Mercia, Kingdom of, 
58 

Meuland, Roger de, 
Bish. , 121 to 126 

Meyland, Bp., 137-8 

Micklethwaite, J. T., 
107 

Middleton, 166 

Milford, 59 

Moldicliff, Thos., 27 

Monumental Brasses, 
48 

More, Thos., 25 

Morley, 40, 50 

Morley Church monu- 
ments, 46, 49, 50 

Morley, Robt., 49 

Mortivant, Roger, 
Bish., 123 


The, 


192 INDEX OF NAMES AND PLACES. 


Mother Grundy’s Par- 
lour, 176 

Mouldridge, 60 

Mouselow, 60 

Mower, Mr., 163 

Mugginton, 49 

Mule, 59 

Mungomery, Robt. de, 
10 

Mynors, John, 22 


N. 


Napton, Elias de, 137 

Newcastle-on-Tyne, 
106 

Norbury, 50 

Norbury Church, Pa- 
limpsest Brass, 48 

Norbury Manor House, 
152 

Norbury, Roger de, 
Bish., 122 

Normanton, 142 

Norton, 19 

Norton, John Legh de, 
26 

Norton, Little, 26, 34 

North Wingfield 
Church, 88 


O. 


Oddebrook, 68 

Old Grammar School, 
Derby, 148 

Old Town Hall, Derby, 
148-9 

Ordinale, The, 136 

Osmaston, 142 

Otterdale, 68 

Otterholes, 68 

Ouzelden, 73 

Overton, 21 

Overton, John, 21 

Owlcotes, 69 

Owler Car, 69 

Oxhay, 60 

Oxlow, 60 


12h 
Parker Family, 23 


Parwick Manor, 75 
Peak Forest, 66, 140 


Peverel Castle, 166 
Pin Hole, 170 
Place and Field Names 
from Fauna, 57 
Planters’ Asinaria, 73 
Pleistocene Deposits 
of Derbyshire and 
vicinity, 161 
Polecat, 62 
Polesworth, Nicholas 
de, 124-5 
Poole, George, 37 
Port, Sir John, 52 
Potters, Somersal, 21 
Psalterium, The, 134 
Pursglove, Robt., 48 
Pyrenees, 58 


Q. 


Quarndon, Chapel of, 
141 


R. 


Radburn, 59 

Raddock, 59 

Ralp, Richard, 118 

Ramshaw, 60 

Rantor, 69 

Raven Tor, 69 

Ravens’ Nest, 69 

Ravenscliffe, 69 

Ravenstone, 69 

Red Lion, Corn Mar- 
ket, Derby, 147 

Relics of Lichfield, 118 

Reptiles, Derivation of 
Names of, 73 

Restwold, Catherine, 51 

Ridware, Arms, 51 

Robin Hood’s Cave, 
170 

Robinson, F. J., 77, 78, 
79, 80 

Rocester, 20 

Rocester, Abbey of St. 
Mary, 5, 6 

Rochester, 
of, 88 

Roe, Mr. Ald., 144 

Roecarr, 66 

Rokesby, Alex., 26 

Roman Pottery (Cres- 
well), 72, 73 

Rothwell, Robt. de, 123 


Cathedral 


S. 


Sacheverell, John, 41, 
52 

Sacrist’s Roll, Lich- 
field, 107 

Sadler Gate Bridge, 
Derby, 145, 147 

S. Alkmund, 142 

S.  Alkmund’s Well, 

Derby, 148 

. Amphibalus, 129 

. Chad, Relics of, 128 

. Chad’s Gospels, 136 

. Gereon, 129, 130 

Godril, 129 

. Mary-on-the-Bridge, 

Chapel of, 141 

Mary’s Bridge, 145 

. Michael’s, 142 

. Peter’s Bridge, 145 

. Peter’s Goal, 149 

. Peter’s Parish, 142 

. Peter’s Vicarage, 

Derby, 146 

S. Peter’s Well, Derby, 
147 ; 

S. Werburgh’s, 142 

Saperton, 20 

Saundeby, Walter de, 


NLNNNN NNNNUN 


Scott, J. Oldrid, 80, 81, 
84, 85, 86, 87 

Scots, Mary, Q. of, 143 

Sedilia, 77 

Sedsall, 20 

Sekersteyn, Wm., 127 

Selliok, William, 24 

Selyok, Thomas, 26 

Shrove Tuesday, Foot- 
ball day, 149 

Shyrewood, Forest of, 
74. 

Shallcross, 21 

Sheep, 60 

Sheep Ley, 60 

Sheephe, 60 

Sheepy, 21 

Sheffield, 23 

Shipley, 60 

Shrewsbury, Francis, 
Earl of, 35 

Sleigh, John, 37 

Somersal Herbert, 21 

Somersale, or Somer- 
sall, 537; 10; 1 Myuwee 
14, 16, 17 


eS Se ee 


INDEX OF NAMES AND PLACES. 


Sparham, Peter de, 122 

Spinckhill, 37 

Stanford, William de, 
122 

Stanhope, Chas, 39 

Stannington, 36 

ae family motto, 


3 
Statham, Sir John, 37 
Stavely, 49 
Steephill, or Steeple, 19 
Swan, 70 
Swan Close, 70 
Swan-hopping, 70-71 
Swanbanks, 70 
Swans, Order for, 71 
Swanwick, 70 
Swineham, 60 
Swinelee, 60 
Swynnerton, Elizabeth, 


51 


Ay 


Table showing distri- 
bution of Pleistocene 
Animals in Derby- 
shire, 177 

Taddington, 49 

Tadsor, 64 

Tatenhall, 48 

Themistocles, 72 

Thornton Ch., 126 

Thor’s Cave, 165 

Tickenhall, 60 

Tideswell, 46, 47, 49, 

° 


5 
Tideswell, Alan de, 120 
Tideswell Ch., 92 
Toadhole, 74 
Toadpool, 74 


Tuplow, 60 

Tupton, 60 

Turton, Richard, 26 
Turville, Philip de, 


120, 125, 130 
Tuscany, 162 
Tutbury Priory, 20 
Twycross, 13 
Tynet, John, 23 


U. 


Uttoxeter, 12, 21 


Vi 


Venables, Arms, 51 

Verdon, Sir Theobald, 
54, 132 

Vernon, Richard de, 
120, 121, 122 


W. 


Wadesley, 35 
Walfhad, Son of King | 
of Mercia, 129 
Walter, Bishop of Lich- 
field, 118, 122 
Walton, Adam de, 122 
Walton-on-Trent, 49 
Warpeloc, Adam, 6 
Warrington, Earl of, 
41, 46 
Watchmen, Derby, 151 
Waterhouses, 164 
Weevil, The, 75 
Welchman, H. P., 107, 
Well in Bradshaw 
Street, Derby, 148 


193 


Wells, Cathedral of, 88 
Wellsborough, 21 
Westcott, Mary, 51 
Westley Waterless, 54 
Wetton, Adam de, 22 
White, William, 28 
White Lion, Corn 
Market, Derby, 147 
Whittey, 36 
Wibbenhill, 73 
Widdrington, Fitzher- 
bert, I 
Wigwall, or Wigwell, ‘ 


37, 38 
Wild-Boar Clough, 60 
Wild Cat Cote, 62 


Wilne, 49 

Windel, 33 

Windy Knoll, 167 

Wirksworth, 19, 49, 
163, 171 


Wolfscote, 64 
Wolfshope, 64 
Wolves, 65 
Woodhouse, Robt. de, 
124 
Woodpecker Hill, 73 
Woodstock, Dan Hen- 
ry de, 123 
Wormhill, 73 
Wormsley, 73 
Wrenhay, 73 
Wyver Wood, Belper, 
75 


Ne 


Yeld Place, 70 
Yeldersley, 70 
Yelt Farm, 70 
“ Yeoman,” 34 
Youlgreave Chancel, 88 


SSS EEE EEEEE—ESS=ES——EE——————————————— ES ee 
BEMROSE AND SONS, PRINTERS, DERBY; AND 23, OLD BAILEY, LONDON. 


matere f 
Oy ee . 


-